,i'l- QrtA>A. ^ ClTiZ& Ji 5 ' BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD \XJ A AAii&w.a>^x^ n Containing Personal Sketches of "fylM-V 'Sl ) .-^ % % \> I . I m 'v/ jhillA Prominent in Loyalty to the Union, A CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR, A HISTORY OF THE GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC, SnilTH PORTRAITS OF^ SOLDISRS KND PROTUVlNeiST CITIZeiSS. ClIICAGOTnTTTNOIS. GUAND AiniY PuBLISIIINCi CoMl'ANY. 1S8S. CDPYRIEHTEn BY jj H, D. HRDWN flWn M, R. W. BROWN, IBBB, Jiivtnifh PviuiiiKj Co., Milwiuikfc. -a The Wisconsin ITolunteer Soldiers WHD ENLISTED TD DEFENn THE FLAG- AND TD PRESERyE THE UNION AND TD THE MEMDRIES DF THDSE WHLI HRME BEEN " Mustered Dut" THIS WORK IB DEDICATED, jaiaituitaiiiiiiiacEiEiEieQifLiuccBiBtJUDaQyQGBGBBa^Qiaay ,^3a ^iMrmi. ^TM?»\ '-nr^ ^ fe 'raccEECci:cr.irr.r:irjr.r.r-rcriF]CEEECHEncBinanj:i3ii3,''i\'' ^) N presenting the Hrst volume of the Soldiers' and Citizens' Album of Biographical Record, the ! publishers can conscientiously state that it has been a labor of love. Within a few years a ^ Hood of war literature has been sent forth, but, singularly, one important feature has been wliolly omitted. Battles and officers, campaigns and expeditions and other matters pertinent almost to the history of the Great Struggle have been treated with apparent justice, but the personal ex- perience of the men who carried the muskets have been almost entirely ignored. On the count- less pages which constitute the history of the Civil War, the names of the volunteer soldiers make no appearance. The central purpose of this work is to supply the omission referred to. The greatest care has been takeii in collecting the data from which these biographical narrations have been jire- pared, and, in their aggregate, may be read a complete history of the war from the standpoint of Wisconsin soldiers. It is a source of unqualified satisfaction to those who have labored to place the volunteer soldiers of Wisconsin on permanent record in their true relations to the history of the Civil War, that they have met with such hearty cooperation and support from those most interested. When the historian of the future shall compile an unbiased account of the greatest struggle in any era in the history of the world, the best material will be found in this series. In their preparation, the compilers have felt with Schiller — " oh, that the histories of men miglit be told by iiigher beings." The most insignificant, who responded to his country's call, was as though he had been touched by Ithuriel's spear. The hand which has traced these short histo- ries of men's patriotism and endurance and sufferings has often faltered and stopped, in view of the Spirit which achieved such results. Words have often been found inadequate and, even the honest purpose to delineate justly and truly the acts of the American volunteer soldier, has questioned its capacity to compass so solemn and responsible a work. In the coming days, the deeds which grace the pages of classic literature and challenge the admiration of the student of historj' will fade into nothingness in the luster of these annals. The Spirit of the American vol- unteer soldier is a bulwark against which, neither internal nor external foe can successful!)' strive. The chronological and statistical history has been compiled with great care and labt)r. It is believed that it presents a more complete and accurate list of dates and localities than any other single conq)ilation. That it is wholly free from error is not claimed ; that it is a])proxi- niately so is certain. In some instances authorities have been found to differ and there are other obvious causes which have rendered it almost impossible to obtain positively accurate dates and statistics. But the work has been ji(,Mformed conscientiously and no trouble or expense have been spared to render it complete. Tlie thanks of the Grand Army Publishing Company are due to countless sources of information. GRAND ARMY PUBLISHING CO. CHRONOLOGICAL^ AND STATISTICAL MistoRy of the ©ivil War. -»-^»^;^^<=;^ In this compilation ol dates and localities of the Civil War, all matter has been gathered from the most reliable sources Battles, Skirmishes, Raids, Expeditions, Engagements of every description in which the two elements of the factional struggle encountered each other are included. Those who participated in them will be gratified to find on record for the first time, many an action heretofore omitted from other records. 1859. Oct. 1(3.— Joliu Brown, with 16 white men and five negroes took possession of the United States arsenal at Harper's Ferry, ^"a., capturing about 60 citizens and killing several. Oct. 17. — Col. Robert E. Lee (afterwards Commander-in-Chief of the rebel army) with the assistance of United States marines, made Brown and the survivors of his party prisoners of the State of Virginia. Oct. 27. — Beginning of the trial of .John Brown. Dec. 2. — John Brown hung at Charlestown ^'a. 1800. Nov. 6. — Abraham Lincoln elected President. Dec. 3. — President Buchanan issued a mes- sage, affirming the right of a State to secede forcibly in a revolutionary manner, and denied the right of the Government to prevent by force. Dec. 20. — South Carolina seceded; soon after, senators and Federal officers from that state resigned ajul United States property was seized. Dec. 26.— Major Robert Anderson, witii HI .soldiers, removed from Fort Moultrie to Fort Sumter in Charleston harbor to secure a stronger position. 1861. .Jax. 8.— The Star of the West, on her way to reinforce Fort Sumter, was fired on from a battery on Morris Island. — Mississippi seceded. Jan. 11. — Florida and Alabama seceded. •Jan. id. — Georgia seceded. .Jan. 26. — Louisiana seceded. — " If any man attempts to haul down the American flag, shoot him on the spot." (Dispatch of .John A. Dix, Secretary of tlie Treasury, to his agent at New Orleans.) Feu. 1. — Texas seceded. Feb. 4. — Peace Congress at Washington. — Convention of seceded states at Montgomery, Ala. Fed. 9. — Soutiiern confederacy organized, with .Jefferson Davis and Alexander H. Ste- pliens as President and N'iie- President. The 8 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATIaTiCAL constitution tvdopteJ favored slavery and pro- liibited tariffs. Feb. LS. — General Twiggs sun-endered U. S. property to the rebels in Texas. M.iiK II 4. — Abraham Lincoln inaugurated President. — Confederate Mag, composed of three iiorizontal bars, the outer ones red and midiUe one white with blue union and bearing a circle of nine stars, adopted. April 12. — The war of the rebellion was in- augurated by the bombardment of Fort Sum- ter, which began about 4:30 a. m., and was continued all day and (at intervals) through the following night. (The signal gun for the assault was tired by a man, named Edmund Ivuffin, who asked the privilege, and who com- mitted suicide after the war, because he would not live under the U. S. Government.) The tiring on the fort (which did not respond) was from 17 mortars and 30 large guns, mainly columbiads. On the following morning — 13th — Fort Sumter began to return the tire at about 7:30 o'clock, Captain Doubleday firing the first gun. Soon after, the officers' quarters took fire and, jjefore noon, the flames had enveloped nearly all the woodwork of the fort; most of the powder in the magazines had to be rolled out to prevent explosion, and the fort's fire was, practically, silenced. Shortly after mid- day, the flagstaff was shot away, but the flag was nailed to the fragment of the standard remaining, and displayed from the ramparts. A flag of truce was sent to the fort by the assailants, and terms of capitulation were agreed on. At 12:55 p. m., the fire-conse- crated standard was lowered amid a salute of 50 guns, and the garrison marched out with the honors of war. They were permitted to take their private property, their arms and their flag. No one was injured within the fort ; no loss of life occurred among the rebels and only five were reporteasscd through New York, the Massachusetts 4th at the same time reaching the latter city, as did al.so, the garrison from Fort Sumter. April 10. — The ])assage of the Massachusetts 6th through Baltimore, resulted in a riot, in which the first Union soldiers were killed in the war. The city was, practically, in the hands of a mul); an escort of i)olice, headed by the Mayor, was tendered the troojis and 'was IQ^I - 9x. d>. ^iu.^U. HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. accepted, but proved powerless. The casual- ties were, on the part of the troops two killed seven wounded (one mortally ; ) among the rioters 13 were killed and many wounded. Proclamations were issued by both Governor and Mayor with the avowed purpose of quiet- ing the disturbance ; in consequence of the excitement both officials advised the President that no more troops could pass through Balti- more without fighting. Luther C. Ladd, Sum- mer H. Needham and Addison 0. Whitney were the Massachusetts soldiers killed and their bodies were sent to Massachusetts by special request of Governor .John A. Andrews. — The first capture of a vessel was made by the rebels ; the steamship. Star of the West was seized off Indianola, Texas, and placed in the hands of a prize crew. — The President issued a blockade proclamation closing the ports from South Carolina to I'exas. April 20. — The branch mint at Charlotte, N. C, was seized by the rebels; also tlie arsenal at Liberty, Mo. ; and a number of bridges on the North Pennsylvania rail- road iji Maryland were burned. — The navy yard at Gosport was destroyed to prevent its falling into the hands of the rebels and the fleet of United States war vessels stationed there were scuttled, with the single exception of the Cumberland, which was towed out ; the names of the destroyed vessels were the Penn- sylvania, Delaware, Columbus, Merrimac, Rari- tan, Columbia, Germantown, Plymouth and United States. April 21. — With a view to prevent the occurrence of any disturbance of a character similar to the Baltimore riot, the Goverment took possession of the Philadelphia & Balti- more railroad, and 4,000 troops left New York for Washington. April 22. — The rebels seized the United States arsenal at Fayetteville, N. C, and at Napoleon, Ark. On the other hand, the Union sentiment at the South found expression in West Virginia, and at Lexington, Ky. At the latter point, a Union mass-meeting was held under circumstances of much discouragement, and was addressed by Senator John J. Critten- den, author of the once famous measure, known as the " Crittenden Compromise." In the adjoining State of Tennessee, John Bell, for- merly a Presidential candidate, declared him- self, unequivocally, in favor of the rebellion. April 23. — Movements at Elk Ridge, Va. April 24. — Fort Smith, Ark., was seized by rebel troops, under command of Solon Borland. — Governor Magoffin, of Kentucky, convened the legislature in extra session, the object of the executive call being to consider the advis- ability of secession. April 25. — The first surrender of United States troops occurred at Saluria, Tex., where 450 regulars, commanded by Major Sibley, surrendered to Colonel Van Dorn. — Governor Letcher, of Virginia, issued a pi'oclamation, declaring Virginia a member of the Southern confederacy. — Arming of the first Illinois troops at the United States arsenal, at St. Louis, Mo. April 26. — The Governor of Georgia issued a proclamation, prohibiting payment of debts due to Northern creditors, dii-ecting the amount so owed to be paid into the State treasury. In North Carolina, the executive called an extra legislative session ; while Governor Burton, of Delaware, called for Union volunteers. April 27. — A proclamation by the President, supplementary to that of April 19th, extended the blockade to the ports of North Carolina and Virginia. April 29. — The Governor of Tennessee con- fiscated the bonds and money in the office of the United States collector, of Nashville ; and the rebel authorities seized the steamships 10 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATLSTICAL Tennessee, Texas, and Hermes at New Orleans. — Tlie legislature of Maryland rejected the ordinance of secession, the vote in the senate being unanimous. May 1. — The North Carolina legislature, having been convened by proclamation, passed the bill for the assembling of a State conven- tion to pass upon the question of secession. May 2. — The Ellsworth Fire Zouaves and the New York 69th arrived in Washington. May 3. — Two proclamations were issued ; one by President Lincoln, calling for 42,000 three-years volunteers, 18,000 seamen, and directing the addition of eight regiments to the regular array; the other was by Governor Letcher, of Virginia, calling out the militia to defend the state from Northern invasion. May 4. — Southern Union sentiment found a new voice ; a committee of the Maryland legis- lature visited President Lincoln with words of sympathy. — An enthusiastic Union meeting was held in Preston, W. Xa., and Union dele- gates to a border State convention were elected in Louisville, Ky., by a majority of 7,000. May 5. — The Union forces under General Butler, took possession of the Relay House between Baltimore and Washington. May 6. — Virginia admitted to the Southern confederac}'. — The convention in Arkansas adopted an ordinance of secession and the Kentucky legislature convened in obedience to the call of Governor Magoffin. — The passage of what was commonly stj'led " The War and Pri- vateering Act," was made known by the rebel congress. May 7. — Ma,jor Anderson was appointed and commissioned ])y the President to repair to Cincinnati to muster in all volunteers from Kentucky and West Virginia. — At a meeting of Unionists at Knoxville, Tenn., an attempt to raise the National flag resulted in a riot ; and, Governor Harris announced the formation of a military league between Tennessee and the Southern confederacy. May 10. — Major General Robert E. Lee was placed in command of the rebel forces in Vir- ginia. — In St. Louis, (Camp .Jackson,) a brigade of Missouri State militia, which had, under orders of Governor .Jackson, gone into camp, nominally, " for instruction,"' but in reality with treasonable intent, and who were under com- mand of General Frost, surrendered to the United States regulars commanded by General Lyon. — Issuance of orders from Washington to administer the oath of allegiance to all army officers. May 11. — An effectual blockade of the port of Charleston, S. C, was established. — An en- thusiastic meeting was held at Wheeling, W. Va., to advocate the division of that State. May 13. — Union troops under command of General Butler took possession of Federal Hill, Va. — A convention composed of delegates from 35 counties assembled at Wheeling, Va., with the avowed purpose of considering the expedi- ency of the separation of the west portion of the State from the eastern counties. — The English Government issued a proclamation on neu- trality. May 14. — At Baltimore, a schooner, laden with arms for the rebels was seized and the United States gunboat, Quaker City, captured the Argo with a cargo of tobacco, valued at $130,000. May 15. — The first call for volunteers from Maryland under the President's proclamation was issued by Governor Hicks. May 16. — The fortification of Arlington Heights, was ordered by General Scott. — A rebel force near Liberty, Mo., was dispersed. — The arrest of the traitors at Washing- ton was commenced and followed on the suc- ceeding day by the arrest of the rebel spies. HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. II May 17. — Express packages, destined for the South, were stopped at Wasliingtoii ; rebels assembled at Potosi, Mo., were dispersed ; and a domiciliary search for arms was commenced at St. Louis. — On the part of the rebels, Harper's Ferry was fortified and the issue of treasury notes by the confederate government, as cur- rency, was authorized by the rebel congress. — The capture off J\ey West, of the yacht Winchester, by the Federal war vessel. Crusader took place. May 18. — Arkansas was formally admitted into the Southern confederacy. May 19. — An engagement occurred between the U. S. steamers and the rebel batteries at Sewall's Point on the Potomac. — Two schooners carrying rebel troops, were captured near Wasli- ington on the same river. May 20. — A seizure of telegraphic dispatches was made throughout the Nortli by order of the general Government. — In North Carolina, the ordinance of secession was adopted. — In Kentucky, Governor Magoffin issued a pro- clamation of neutrality. — Activities at Clarks- burg, W. Va. May 22. — The fortifications at Ship Island were destroyed to prevent their falling into rebel hands. — Movement at Clear Springs, Md. May 24. — A general movement of troops into Virginia occurred. — The rebels evacuated Alexandria which was occupied by U. S. troops. — On the occasion of the occupation, Colonel Ellsworth, while hauling down a rebel flag from the Marshall House, was shot by the rebel landlord who, in turn, was in- stantly killed by private Brownell. Ellsworth was buried from the White House at Washing- ton. — Negroes became " contraband of war." May 25. — A slight skirmish resulted from an attack by rebel troops on the 12th New York Infantry, along the outposts of the Vir- ginia line. May 27. — General McDowell assumed com- mand of the troops at Washington. — A blockade of the mouth of the Mississippi and of tlie port of Mobile was commenced. — Exercise by the President of the extraordinary power of the suspension of the writ ofhabeas corpus occurred at Baltuuore. — General Cadwallader refused to produce the body of John Merriman in obedience to a writ signed by Chief Justice Taney, alleging by way of return, that the pris- oner was charged with treason, and that he was authorizedby the President to suspend the writ of habeas corpus in his case. Cadwallader was arrested for contempt. — A Border-State conven- tion met at Frankfort, Ky. May 28. — U. S. vessels blockaded the port of Savanah, Ga. May 29. — An advance of LT. S. troops towards Harper's Ferry was followed by a retreat of the rebels towards Martinsburg. — Jetf Davis reached Richmond. May 30. — A retreat of the rebel forces was made from Williamsburg, Md., and Graf- ton, Va., tlie latter point being at once occu- pied by the 1st Regiment of Virginia under Colonel Kelley.— The 14th Ohio, (Colonel Steed- man) crossed the Ohio and occupied Parkers- burg. — About 200 citizens of Southern Illinois left for the South with the avowed purpose of joining the rebel army, and four steamers carrying rebel troops sailed from New Orleans for Fort Smith, Ark. May 31. — A bloodless engagement occurred at Acquia Creek, Va., between a rebel battery and the U. S. gunboat, Freeborn. June 1. — A cliarge was made through Fair- fax C. H., Va., by fifty-two dragoons of tlie 2nd U. S. Cavalry, commanded by Lieutenant Tompkins and 2nd Lieutenant Gordon, the reg- ulars being accompanied by three officers and two privates, of the 5th New York Volunteers ; two Union soldiers were killed, and an unascer- 12 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL tained number of rebels; five prisoners were captured. — Activities at Williamsport, Md. June 3. — A rebel camp, 2,000 strong, was surprised at Phillippi, Va., by Union troops under command of Colonel Kelley, of the 1st Virginia, aided by Colonel Crittenden, commanding a force of Indiana volunteers; 15 rebels were killed and 10 captured ; on the Union side two were killed, two reiwrted miss- ing and two wounded, among the latter being Colonel Kelley.— Death of Senator S. A. Doug- las at Chicago. — Movement at latan. Mo. June 5. — At Pig Point, Va., tlie "Harriet Lane " was fired on by the rebels while she was engaged in a reconnoissauce and five of her men wounded. — Activities at Newport News, Va. June 6. — Movements at Ellicott's Mills, Md. June S. — An advance made by U. S. troops under General Patterson from Chambersburg, towards Harper's Ferry. June 10. — An attack was made on the rebel forces under General Magruder at Big Bethel by the Union troops under General Pierce, whose command consisted of regiments under Colonels Duryee, Townsend and Bendix ; Union losses were 14 killed and 45 wounded, among the former being Major Winthrop and Lieu- tenant -Greble ; the admitted rebel loss m killed was 17. June 11. — A skirmish occurred at Eomney, Va. ; the Union forces under Colonel Wal- lace, surprised and routed 500 rebels and lost no men. — Tiie West Virginia Convention met at Wheeling to consider the expediency of forming a separate State. June 12. — Movements at Columbus, Ky. June 14. — The rebels evacuated and burned Harper's Ferry, removing the armory machin- ery to Richmond, and burned the railroad bridges. June 15. — The U. S. brig. Peony, brouglit into New York the rebel privateer. Savannah. — In Missouri, General Lyon occupied Jeffer- son City ; the rebel General, Price, retreated to Booneville. June 16. — A skirmish occurred at Seneca Mills, Md., the Union forces being commanded by Major Everett; no losses were reported on tlie side of the National troops. Three rebels were reported killed. June 17. — A battle occurred at Booneville, Mo., between the Union forces commanded by General Lyon and the rebels under Sterling Price ; the latter were routed, losing 50 men ; the reported LTnion loss was two killed and eight wounded. — A column of U. S. troops, under General Patterson, crossed the Potomac at Williamsport, Md. — At Vienna, Va., a train transporting Union soldiers, including the 1st Ohio under Colonel McCook, was fired upon by rebels ; eight soldiers were killed ; the fire was returned, resulting in an estimated loss of six. — The West Virginia Convention at Wheeling unanimously voted its independence of the rebellious action of the State. June 18. — At Camp Cole, Mo., a company of Home Guards was attacked and 52 killed. — Skirmish at Edwards Ferry, Va., in which 300 of the 1st Pennsylvania Infantry engaged. — Skirmish at Independence, Mo., the State troops being involved. — The local militia resist the rebels at New Creek, W. Va. — Activities at Conrad's Ferry, Md. June 19. — Piedmont, Va., was occupied by the rebels. — At Liberty, Mo., rebels were cap- tured by a detachment of troops connected with General Lyons' command. — Movements at New Creek, W. Va. June 20. — Frank H. Pierpont was elected governor of West ^^irginia at Wheeling in the convention, and Major-General McClellan assunaed command of the Union forces in that HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 13 section of the State. — Disturbances at Clarks- ville, W. Va. .June 21. — Aconvenlion of loj^alists of East- ern Tennessee assembled at Greenville. •June 22. — Inauguration of balloon recon- noissances. June 24. — The popular vote of Tennessee having ratified the ordinance of secession, Gov- ernor Harris issued a proclamation declaring the State out of the Union. — Activities at Car- ters Creek, Lynn Haven, Kansas and on the Rappahannock River in Virginia. June 26. — A skirmish occurred at Patter- son's Creek, Va., between parts of Colonel Wallace's command and rebel cavahy. One Union and 17 rebel soldiers were i-eported killed. — The Wiieeling government was recog- nized by the President as the lawful govern- ment of Virginia. — Movement of the rebels in the vicinity of Frankfort, Mo. June 27. — An engagement took place between the gunboat Freeborn and the rebel batteries at Matthias Point, in which Captain Ward, of the navy, was killed. — J. C. Fremont returned from Europe, and U. S. Marshal Kane was arrested at Baltimore for treason. June 28. — The steamer St. Nicholas was captured in tlie Potomac by rebels. — -Move- ments of rebels at Cumberland Fort and Point Lookout, Md. June 29. — Activities at Falls Church, Va., and at Bownes, Md. Jui.Y 1. — The rebel privateers, Sumter and Petrel, escaped the blockading squadrons ; the fornrer from the mouth of the Mississippi and the latter from Charleston harbor. — In an engagement at Buckhannon, Va., the rebels lost 23 killed and 200 prisoners. — Military movements at Farmington, Mo. — .John C. Fremont was commissioned Major General in the regular army and ranked next to Mc- Clellan. July 2. — In an engagement at Martinsburg, Va., the Union forces, including the 1st Wis- consin and 11th Pennsylvania Infantry under General Patterson, routed the rebels under General Johnson ; three Union soldiers were killed and 10 wounded ; 30 rebels were reported killed and wounded and 20. were made prisoners ; this action is commonly known as Falling Waters. — -A new West \^ir- ginia Legislature was organized at Wheeling. July 3. — A company of 94 rebels was cap- ured at Neosho, Mo. — The Governor of Arkan- sas called out 10,000 men "to repel invasion." July 4. — In a skirmish between the 9th New York and the rebels near Harper's Ferry, the Union loss was two killed and three wounded. — The Louisville & Nashville railroad was seized by tlie rebels. — Congress assembled at Washington, only six Senators and five Repre- sentatives of the opposition members being present. July 5. — In a battle at Carthage, Mo., in which the opposing commanders were Sigel, and Price and .Jackson, the loss of the former was 13 killed and 31 wounded; the rebels lost 250 killed and wounded. — At Newport News a company of the 9th New York engaged in a skirmish. July 6. — In an action at Middle Fork Bridge, Va., 45 men of the Ohio 3d cut their way through an ambuscade of about 300 rebels. July 7. — An action which was reported a drawn battle occurred at Brier Forks, Mo. — An infernal machine was found in the Poto- mac River. — The 8th New York engaged in an action at Great Falls, Ya,. July 8 — At Bealington, W. Va., the rebels were defeated with a loss of 20 killed and 40 wounded, the Union loss being two. killed and six wounded. July 9. — Fremont was appointed to the command of the Department of the West. 14 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL July 10. — In a battle at Laurel Hill, Va., in which the Union troops were under Colonels McCook and Andrews and the rebels under Colonel Pegram, the latter were routed and the Union loss was one killed and three wounded. — In a sharp skirmish near Monroe Station, Mo., Colonel Smith defeated the rebel Harris, and took a number of prisoners. July 11. — General Rosecrans, with the 8th, 10th and 13th Indiana and the 19th Ohio defeated Pegram's force at Rich Mountain, Va., capturing the camp equipage, several cannon and a number of prisoners, and killing over 100 men ; the Union loss was 11 killed and 35 wounded. July 12. — Pegram surrendered to McClellan with about GOO men, and the Union troops occupied Beverly, Yn. — A rebel defeat occured at Barbersville, W. Yn. July 13. — A battle occurred at Carrick's Ford, W. Va., the Union force being under command of General Morris, and the rebels under General Garrett; the latter was utterly routed with great loss, and the leader killed ; the Union loss did not exceed 50 in killed and wounded, and the action extinguished rebel power in West Va. — Union troops occupied Fairfax C. H., Va. " July 15. — In a skirmish at Bunker Hill, A'^a., the rebels were routed- — Movements at Martinsburg, Ya. July 16. — The rebels were routed in a skir- mish at Melville, Mo., after firing into a train. — Tighlman, a negro, brought the rebel schooner Warring into the port of New York, after killing three of the rebel prize crew. July 17- — At Scarrytown, Va., an action resulted disastrously to the Union force, who lost nine men killed and 38 wounded, besides nine missing. — In a skirmish at Fulton, Mo., the rebels under Harris were driven back by Colonel McNeil's troojjs, the loss to the latter being heavy, and including 200 pris- oners. — A skirmish took place at Martins- burg, Mo., and military movements occurred near Fairfax Church, Va. July 18. — In an engagement which occurred at Harrisonville, Mo., the Union force under Major Van Horn defeated the rebels and lost one man ; the rebel loss was about 20. — Battle of Blackburn's Ford. In a reconnois- sance under General Tyler, three hours' hard fighting took place ; General Beauregard drove the former back to Centreville, with a loss of 19 killed, 38 wounded and 26 missing; the official report fixed the rebel loss at 15 killed and 50 wounded. July 19. — General Patterson was superseded by General Banks in command on the Poto- mac. — Movement at Newmarket, Va. July 21.— Battle of Bull Run. 18,000 Union troops under General McDowell attacked 27,000 rebels under Johnston, Lee and Beauregard, the division commanders uf the Union force being Heintzelman, Tyler and Hunter. After a hot contest of 10 hours, at a moment when victory seemed certain to the I^nion force, the latter was seized with a panic, and retreated toward Washington in disorder. The official Union loss was 479 killed, 1,011 wounded and 700 prisoners ; the official reported rebel loss was 393 killed and 1,200 wounded, and the rebel captures included 26 pieces of artillery, 5,000 small arms and a great amount of bag- gage. — Military activities at Winchester, Va. July 22. — (General McClellan was placed in command of the army of tlie Potomac. — At Forsythe, Mo., General Sweeney worsted a rebel command. — Skirmish at Etna, Mo. — General disorganization of the army of the Potomac, the three months men returning home in great numbers. July 24.— At Blue Mills, Mo., the State troops engaged in a slight action. HISTORY OP THE CIVIL WAR. 15 July 25. — Military movement at Charles- town, Va. July 26. — Missouri troops engaged in a skirmish at Lane's Prairie. — The infantry and cavalry, Missouri troops, engaged in an action at Harrisonville. July 27. — At Fort Fillmore, Major Lynde surrendered 750 soldiers to 250 Texans. Aug. 1. — McCIellan began the re-organiza- tion of the army. — The rebels fell back from Harper's Ferry to Leesburg. — The privateer Petrel was sunk by the .St. Lawrence, her crew being captured. Aug. 2. — Congress passed a bill authorizing the raising of 500,000 men. — At Dug Creek, Mo., General Lyon defeated the rebels under Ben McCuUoch, inflicting a loss of 40 killed and 44 wounded ; the Union loss was eight killed and 30 wounded. — At Pokonoke Sound, N. C, rebel vessels and stoi'es were sunk. Aug. 3. — The U. S. troops established a military capital at Messilla, N. M. Aug. 5. — The U. S. blockading steamer Dart bombarded Galveston, Texas, against the protest of foreign consuls. — In an engage- ment at Athens, Mo., the rebels were defeated with unknown loss ; the Union loss was three killed and eight wounded. — At Point of Rocks, N. C, two rebels were captured in a skirmish, seven prisoners were taken and 20 equipped horses captured. — General Lyon reached Springfield, Mo. Aug. 7. — Hampton, Va., was burned by com- mand of Magruder. — The privateer York was burned by the gunboat Union. Aug. 8. — The rebels were driven out of Lov- ettsville, Va. Aug. 9. — A rebel attack on Potosi, Mo., was repulsed. Aug. 10.— Battle of Wilson's Creek, Mo. 5,000 Union troojis under General Lyon attacked 22,000 rebel troops under McCuUoch. General Lyon commanded one of his columns and Colonel Sigel the other ; the latter was driven back and General Lyon was killed. The rebel force withdrew and the Union loss was 223 killed, 731 wounded and 202 missing ; the re- ported rebel loss was 421 killed, 1,317 wounded and three missing. Aug. 13. — Grafton, Va., was occupied by the Union troops under Captain Dayton, 4th Virginia, without loss, 21 rebels being killed and wounded. Aug. 14. — A mutiny occurred in the 79th New York regiment at Washington ; several soldiers were arrested and severely punished, the remainder being disgraced and deprived of their colors ; the regiment regained its name and colors by bravery in action, September 10th. Aug. 15. — 60 men of the 2nd Maine were sent to the Dry Tortugas, to work on the fortifi- cations as punisliment for mutinous conduct. Aug. 16. — Colonel Hooker's regiment of Ill- inois troops surprised a rebel camp near Fred- ericktown. Mo., capturing prisoners, camp equipage, etc. — At St. Genevieve, Mo., the United States troops captured $58,000, which was taken to St. Louis. — Commercial inter- course with the rebel states, interdicted by the President. — The passport system was estab- lished. Aug. 18. — The town of Commerce, Mo., having been threatened by rebel batteries, it was occupied by Union troops, the rebels re- treating without fighting. — Skirmish at Bruns- wick, Mo. Aug. 19. — At Charlestown, Mo., the I'^nion troops, under Colonel Dougherty, and a detach- ment of rebels from Jeff Thompson's command, engaged in a fight, the former losing one killed and six wounded ; 20 rebels were killed and wounded, 17 prisoners were captured and a number of horses. 16 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL Aug. 20. — At Hawk'.s Nest, Kanawha, Xa., a force of rebels, under General Wise, at- tacked the barricades of the 8th Ohio, and wei'e repulsed. — McClellan assumed personal com- mand of the Potomac, and appointed staff offi- cers. — General Butler assumed command of the forces in the vicinity of Fortress Monroe. — At Lookout Station, Md., a skirniisli occurred, in which seven soldiers were killed and wounded. Aug. 21. — An engagement took place at Boyd's Point, Virginia, in which forty rebels were killed and seventeen taken prisoners ; the Union loss was one killed and six wounded. — A band of rebels called the Coast Guard, seized the light house, and all other government pro- pert}' at Key Biscayne, Florida. Aug. 26— The 7th Ohio, under Colonel Tay- lor, were surprised while at breakfast at Sum- mersville, Ya.; the regiment fought their way out through four times their number ; three captains and other officers were killed, but the total numerical loss was slight. — The joint military and naval expedition, under Gen- eral Butler and Commodore Stringham, left Fortress Monroe for the North Carolina coast. — Captain, afterwards Commodore Foote, was ordered to the command of Western river fleets. Aug. 27. — A skirmish at Ball's Cross Roads, Ga., took place, in which two companies of the 23d New York Infantry was engaged. — At Wayne C. H., W. Ya., a slight skirmish oc- curred. Aug. 28. — The bombardment of Forts Hat- teras and Clark at the entrance to Pamlico Sound, N. C, was commenced by the united military forces of General Butler and Com- modore Stringham. — On the following day the forts surrendered; 7G5 prisoners were taken and 30 pieces of cannon; 1,000 stand of arms and three rebel trading vessels were captured. About 450 Union troops under Major Brocker were attacked at Lexington, Mo., liy a large force of rebels under Colonel Reed and a sharp skirmish ensued, resulting in the repulse of the rebels. — In New Mexico some important arrests were made, the writ of habeas corpus was suspended by Colonel Canby and Fort Stanton was abandoned and fired' by U. S. troops, under orders from the same officer. Aug. 80. — Fort Morgan at Ocracoke Inlet, N. C, was abandoned by the rebels. Aug. 31. — At Monson's Hill, Ya., a skir- mish occurred, in which two Union soldiers were killed and two wounded. — The Captain- General of Cuba, by proclamation admitted rebel vessels into Cuban ports and promised them protection. Sept. 1. — A fight occurred at Boone Court House, W. Ya., in which the rebels were routed with a loss of about 30 killed and several prisoners were taken ; six Union soldiers were wounded, and the city was burned by the Union troops. — A skirmish took place near Bennetts' Mills, Mo., between the rebels and the Union Home Guard. Two of the latter were killed and eight wounded, one mortally ; the rebel loss was unknown. Sept. 2. — Near Fort Scott, 80 mules having been captured by 600 rebel raiders under General Rains, Colonel Montgomery, of the Kansas Yolunteers, gave chase, overtook the rebels 11 miles from the fort, and, after a fight la.sting two hours, was obliged to retreat. — An attack was made by two regiments of U. S. troops under Colonel Grossman, on a rebel camp at Worthington, "\''a., but being out- numbered, was obliged to retire, losing two men. — In the port of New York, Surveyor Andrews seized 26 vessels belonging to persons in the rebel States ; their aggregate value was $2,000,000.— The Secretary of the Treasury offered the 7-30 loan and appealed to the people HISTORY OF The civil war. 17 of the Union to take the bonds. — Tlie rebels burned to the water's edge and sunk the U. S. floating dock at Pensacola ; the olyect was to use the dock to obstruct the channel, but the guns of Fort Pickens prevented. — At Dallas, Mo., the State troops engaged in a skirmish. — The 13th Massachusetts skirmished with rebels at Behers' Mills, Va., and four Union soldiers were killed and nine wounded. Sept. 3. — Several bridges on the line of the Hannibal & St. Joseph railroad, having been injured by rebels, a passenger train broke through one of them; seven non-combatants were killed and a large number shockingly mangled and otherwise injured. Sept. 4. — A rebel force under General Polk occupied Columbus, Ky., avowedly to prevent the neutrality of the State from being broken. — On the Mississippi River, off Hickman, Ky., shots were exchanged between U. S. gunboats Tyler and Lexington, and the rebel gunboat Yankee, the latter being supported by batteries on shore. — At Shelbina, Mo., about 1,100 Union troops, under Colonel Williams, of Iowa, were attacked by about 1,500 rebels, commanded by Martin Green ; having no cannon, the Union forces were compelled to retire, aban- doning a number of horses and a part of their camp equipage. — The first capital sentence on a Union soldier was pa.ssed upon a Vermont private by a court-martial. The offense was sleeping on his post; President Lincoln par- doned him, and he was afterwards shot in battle. — The rebels attempted to cro.ss the Potomac at Great Falls, Va., but were repulsed with some loss by the sharp-shooters of the 7th Regiment of the Pennsylvania Reserve Corps. Only one Union soldier was killed. Sept. 6. — General Grant, with two regiments of cavalry and two of infantry, supported by two gunboats, took possession of Paducah, Ky. Sept. 7. — Columbus, Ky., was strengthened by the rebels under Pillow and Polk, whose forces numbered about 7,000 ; Paducah was also reinforced by Union troops. — Rebel troops under Jeff Thompson occupied the Missouri .shore of the Mississippi opposite Col- umbus, blockading the river.— At Petersburg, Va., three companies of Ohio Volunteers engaged in a fight. Sept. 9. — General A. Sydney .Johnson was assigned to the command of the rebel depart- ment of the West, including the Upper Missis- sippi River. — Movements at Cape Hatteras, N. C. Sept 10. — A battle took place at Carnifex Ferry, Va., between the rebels under General Floyd and a portion of the force of General Rosecrans, consisting of the 10th, 12th and 13th Ohio regiments commanded by Colonels Lytle, Lowe and Robert L. McCook. After a fierce contest, lasting all day, the Union ti'oops slei>t on their arms. During the night, Floyd evacuated his position, burning the bridge behind him, abandoning his wagons, horses, camp fixtures, a supply of ammunition, 50 head of cattle and all his officers' baggage ; 25 Union prisoners were recaptured, 15 Union soldiers were killed and a large number wounded ; the rebel loss was unknown. — Activities at Summersville, W. ^^a., and at Norfolk, Mo. Sept. 11. — An advance was made across the Potomac at Lewinsville, Va., by several detached companies of infantry, two companies of cavalry and Griften's battery commanded by Colonel I. I. Stevens for purposes of recon- noissances ; returning, they were attacked near Falls Church by rebel cavalry, under Stuart. A sharp skirmish followed, the Union loss being reported at six killed and eight wounded ; the rebel loss was not ascertained ; one rebel cavalry officer was made prisoner. — The Ken- 18 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL tucky Legislature ordered the rebel troops to leave the State. Sept. 12. — An engagement occurred at Cheat Mountain, Va., in which Colonel John A. Washington was killed. He was proprietor of Mount Vernon and a rebel. — A rebel camp at Petersburg, Va., was attacked and broken up by a small force of Union soldiers — infantry and cavalry from New Creek, W. Y&. ; the camp and its equipage were destroyed, a number of rebels were killed and wounded and several prisoners were taken, as well as horses, arms and ammunition and supplies. — At Black River, in Southeastern Missouri, a battalion of Indiana cavalry under Major Gavitt engaged a rebel force under Benjamin Talbott ; the rebels were routed with a loss of five killed and four prisoners, besides 35 horses and a quantity of arms. — In north- ern Missouri, the rebel troops under Green were scattered by General Pope's command. — In reply to an action of the Kentucky legisla- ture, the rebel General Buckner, issued a flam- ing address to the " Freemen " of Kentucky, appealing to them to rally for their own defense against Lincoln usurpation. Sept. 13. — Union forces under Sturgis occu- pied St. Joseph opposite the Kansas border. — One thousand rebels under Colonel Brown attack the intrenchments of the Home Guards at Boonville, Mo., under Captain Epstein and were defeated; 12 rebels including Brown, were killed and 30 wounded ; one of the gar- rison was killed and four wounded. — An all- night skirmish occurred at Elk Water, Va. ; the attack was made by rebels under Anderson, and early in the morning two Union regiments cut their way through and dispersed the rebels capturing four prisoners. — An artillery skir- mish took place near Shepherdstown, Va. — Rebel troops advance from Yorktown, Va., toward Newport News; the rebel gunboat Yorktown ran down the James River to sup- port the land forces and after reaching a posi- tion within three miles of the Neuse was forced to retire under the shells of the Sawyer, the land forces also retreating. Sept. 14. — The rebel privateer, Judah, was cut from under the guns of the batteries of Pensacola and burned by a force from the U. S. steam frigate, Colorado, under Lieutenant Russell ; the Union loss was three killed and 15 wounded. — Activities near Kansas City, Mo. Sept. 15.— The pickets of the 28th Penn- sylvania, under Colonel Geary, were at- tacked by 450 rebels opposite Pritchard's Mills, Md., and, after two hours' fighting, were driven back with a less of eight or 10, one soldier being killed. Sept. 16. — Fort Oregon on Ocracoke Inlet, N. C, was destroyed by a U. S. iiaval expedi- tion from Hatteras Inlet, under Lieutenants Maxwell and Eastman. — The rebels evacuated Ship Island and the position was occupied by Union troops. — Rebel troops under Sterling Price laid siege to Lexington, Mo., held by a small force of Union soldiers under .James Mul- ligan ; the first assault was repulsed with severe loss. — In Baltimore important military stores were seized by the U. S. Marshal. Sept. 17. — The rebels were routed in a skir- mish at Morristown, Mo., all their tents and supplies, besides 100 horses falling into the hands of the Union troops ; the latter lost three killed and six wounded, Colonel Johnson was slain, pierced by nine bullets ; the rebel loss was unknown. — A railroad train, transporting a portion of the 19th Illinois, Colonel Turchin, was precipitated down an embankment near Huron, Ind., by the giving way of a bridge, 2G being killed and 112 being badly in- jured; foul play was suspected. — 4,000 rebels under General Atchinson attacked a part of the HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 19 3d Iowa, under Lieutenant Colonel Scott, en route from St. Joseph to Lexington, Mo., at Blue Mills' Landing; after a sharp skirmish Union re-inforcements arrived and the rebels fell back ; but tiieir object in delaying re-in- forcements to Colonel Mulligan had been ac- complished. Sept. 18. — A skirmish occurred between the Barboursville Home Guards and tbe rebels un- der Zollicoffer without material results. Sept. 19. — A slight running fight occurred between the Boone Union Guards and the Bit- terwater Blues at Bardstown Junction, Ky. — Activities at Loudon, Va., and Glasgow, Ky. Sept. 10. — The Union troops under Colonel Mulligan surrendered at Lexington to an im- mensely superior force of rebels under Price after 59 hours fighting ; the water supply had been entirely cut off. A considerable sum in gold fell into the hands of the rebels, who captured 1,600 prisoners. The Union loss was 39 killed and 120 wounded. — A .skirmish occurred below Fort Holt, Ky., and at May- field, the rebels evacuated the place. — The 6th Indiana under Crittenden arrived at Louis- ville, being the first Union regiment to enter the city for its defense. — A skirmish occurred near Seneca Creek, Va., in which one Union soldier was killed and several wounded. Sept. 21. — At Papinsville, Mo., General Lane's command routed a rebel force after a severe fight, killing 40 and capturing 100 with all the supplies ; the attacking party lost 17 killed and 40 wounded. — A detachment of jay- hawkers, who had sacked the town of Hum- boldt, Kan., were pursued, overtaken and defeated by a Union force from Fort Scott; their leader was killed and on his person was found an order from McCulloch for the enrol- ment in the rebel service of the Quawpaw Indians. — In Louisville, Ky., General Critten- den called out the State militia to resist rebel invasion. — Skirmishes took place at Elliot's Mills, Mo., in which the 7th Iowa Infantry was engaged. Sept. 23. — At Mechanicsville Gap, Va., the rebels were defeated with a loss of 15 killed and 30 wounded, the Union loss being three killed and 10 wounded. — The 4th and 8th Ohio engaged in a skirmish at Romney, Xa. Sept. 24. — The Count de Paris and the Due de Chartres, grandsons of Louis Phillippe, were appointed on the staff of General McClellan, with the rank of captains. — The 28th Penn- sylvania, under Geary, drove 500 rebels from Point of Rocks after a sharp fight.— A rebel cavalry raid was made on Warsaw, Ky., and State arms seized ; the Union citizens rallied, and in a skirmish one rebel was killed and several on both sides were wounded. — General Prentiss assumed command of the L'nited States forces at St. Joseph, Mo. Sept. 25. — At Lewinsville, Va., a Union force under Baldy Smith and a force of rebels from Falls Church engaged in a skirmish ; Griftin's and Mott's batteries replied to the assault, and the rebels retired. — Smithland, Ky., was occupied by Union troops ; this, with the occupation of Paducah, virtually blockaded the water connections of Tennessee and Kentucky. — A detachment of Woolford's Kentucky cavalry captured 17 Kentuckians under James B. Clay, while en route to join Zollicoffer. — At Chapmansville, W. Va., a skirmisli occurred between Colonel Enyard's Kentucky volunteers and a party of rebels under Colonel W.J. Davis ; the latter were in- tercepted by Colonel Pratt's Ohio regiment, and 47 prisoners taken. The reported LTnion loss was four killed and eight wounded ; about 60 rebels were killed and wounded.— A rebel bat- tery made an attack at Freestone, Va. Sept. 26. — A sharp skirmish occured at Lucas Bend, Ky.; 25 of Stewart's U. S. 20 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL cavalry engaged about 40 rebel cavalry of Jeff Thompson's command ; the entire rebel force were killed, wounded and captured, with a large quantity of arms. — Cynthiana, Ky., was occupied by the Union troops. Sept. 27. — 12,000 troops commanded in per- son by General Fremont, started from St. Louis on an expedition up the Missouri River. Sept. 28. — Monson's and Upton's Hills, Va., were evacuated by the rebels and occupied by the Union troops. Sept. 29. — During an advance on a rebel work near Munson's Hill, a collision occurred between Colonel E. D. Baker's California Regiment and the 69th Pennsylvania, each mistaking the other for the enemy ; before the error was discovered nine men were killed and wounded, including three officers. — The occupa- tion of Lexington, Mo., was commenced by Price's rebel forces. Sept. 30. — The rebel works opposite Berlin, Md., were shelled by a detachment of Colonel Geary's Pennsylvania Regiment and, having been evacuated by the rebels, were occupied by the Union troops. Oct. 1. — A camp of secessionists near Char- leston, Mo., was broken up, and about 40 prisoners taken. — Tlie propellor Fanny was captured off Hatteras Inlet, near Chicamocomico, N. C, by rebel armed tugs and 30 men of the 9th New York were taken prisoners. — John Ross, a Cherokee chief, advised his people to join the Southern Confederacy, 1,000 Creek Indians having already attached themselves to the rebels. Oct. 2. — Colonel McNeil, Assistant Provost Marshal of St. Louis, by proclamation notified the St. Louis Savings Association that $33,000 on deposit with them to the credit of the Cherokees was forfeited to the United States, in consequence of the tribe having united with the rebels. — 3,200 United States regulars sta- tioned in California, were ordered East. — In a fight at (Jhapmansville, Va., 60 rebels were killed and 70 taken prisoners. Oct. 3. — Evacuation of Lexington, Mo., by Price was completed. — A reconnoisance in force was made from Cheat Mountain, Va., by Union troops under General Reynolds, who encoun- tered rebel troops belonging to Lee's command under General H. A. Jackson at Greenbrier, Va. An hour's skirmish ensued ; the rebels were driven from the field, losing about 200 in killed and wounded ; 13 rebels were taken prisoners ; the reported Union loss was eight killed and 32 wounded. Oct. 4. — At Hatteras, N. C, the rebels under Colonel Barlow, surprised the 20tli Indiana and the latter had a narrow escape from capture. They were shelled from their position on the following day by the gunboat Monticello. — At Alimosa, N. M., a band of rebel guerrillas from Texas were routed by New Mexican volun- teers and U. S regulars. — At Buttalo Hill, Ky., a sharp skirmish occurred with 20 Union loss and a rebel loss of 50. Oct. 5. — Four thousand rebels landed at Chicamocomico, N. C, and drove tlie Union forces, but re-embarked and departed during the night, having meanwhile been shelled by the United States steamer Monticello. — Militarj' movement at Chincoteague Inlet, Va. Oct. 6. — In a skirmish at Flemington, Ky., the rebels under Colonel Holliday were defeated by the Union Home Guards under Lieutenant Sadler. Oct. 7. — An artillery duel occurred between rebel batteries on the Mississippi river and the U. S. gunboats Tyler and Lexington, three miles above Columbus, Ky. — 57 Union prisoners taken at Bull Run were released and returned to Fortress Monroe — the first exchange of prisoners. HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 21 Oct. 8. — In advancing the Union lines south of the Potomac, a reljel picket guard was suri)rised three miles beyond Falls Church, Xa. ; three were killed and one taken prisoner. — General Robert Anderson having been com- pelled by ill-health to relinqui&h his command in Kentucky, General W. T. Sherman was appointed to succeed him. — The first condem- nation of a blockade runner was made in the U. S. Admu-alty Court by Judge Ware in the case of tlie British schooner, William Arthur. Oct. 9. — An attack was made on Wilson's Zouaves at Santa Rosa Island, Fla., by about 1,500 rebels ; the Zouaves, with aid from Fort Pickens, repelled the attack, killing and wounding a large number; the Union loss was 13 killed and 21 wounded. — At Bolivar, Md., three companies of the 3d Wisconsin, attacked by 1,600 rebels held their position until rein- forced. Oct. 11. — The rebel privateer Nashville, under Lieutenant Pegram, escaped from Char- leston harbor, S. C. — 57 prisoners were released and exchanged for those already received at Fortress Monroe. — At Dumfries, Va., and at Quantico, Md., rebel movements occurred. Oct. 12. — In the Southwest Pass of the Mis- sissippi River, an attempt was made to destroy the U. S. blockading fleet by a rebel fleet consisting of six gunboats, the ram Manassas and a number of fire ships. The U. S. vessels escaped the latter by running down stream, after which the rebel gunboats and ram were driven back; the latter being disabled and much injured. — Tlie rebel steamer Theodora, ran the blockade of Charleston, S. C, having on board Mason and Slidell, ac- credited ministers from the quasi Richmond government to England and France. — At Chelsea, Kan., L^nion troops under P. G. D. Morton, captured a train of 21 wagons, 425 cattle, 28 ponies and 35 rebels, en route for the Indian encampment in the rebel lines. — At Cameron, Mo., in a skirmish between a small force of Union soldiers under Major .James and the rebels, the latter were routed ; the Union loss was one killed and four wounded ; the rebel loss was eight killed and wounded and five prisoners. — At Upton Hill, Ky., the 30th Indiana engaged in a skirmish.— At Baylis' Cross Roads, La., the 79th New York engaged in an action. — Activities at Winfield, Mo. and Hurricane Bridge, Va. Oct. 13. — A calvalry skirmish occurred at Beckwith's Farm, near Glaize, Mo., Major Wright commanding the Union forces, the rebels being led by Ca,ptains Lowell and Wright. The latter were surprised and routed with a loss of 20 killed and 30 prisoners ; the Union loss was very small. — Movement at Lebanon, Mo. Oct. 14. — Major Wriglit's cavalry captured 45 rebels under Captain Roberts, at Lynn Creek, Mo. — The oath of allegiance was ad- ministered to the inhabitants of Chincoteague Island, Va. — A large naval force lett New York for Virginia. Oct. 15. — Jeff Thompson's troops captured 20 Union soldiers at Potosi, Mo. — Three vessels sailed from New York in pursuit of the Nash- ville. Oct. 16. — At Bolivar, ^"a., 400 men of Colonel Geary's 28th Pennsylvania regiment routed the rebels after several hours of intermittent fight- ing, the Union loss being four killed and eight wounded.^A Union force, under Major Gavitt, drove Jeff Thompson's troops from Ironton, Mo., and occupied the town, thereby obtaining possession of an important strategic point ; 11 Union soldiers were killed, and the rebel loss was three times as great.— Major White's cav- alry re-captured and occupied Lexington, Mo., surprising the rebel garrison, who escaped.— A skirmish occurred at Warsaw, Mo, 22 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL Oct. 18. — The rebels were repulsed in an attack on Harper's Ferry, Va. Oct. 19. — At Big Hurricane Creek, Mo., a Union force, under Colonel Morgan, defeated the rebels, losing 14 and killing 14, capturing eight prisoners. —Negro " contrabands " were first employed in connection with U. S. service at Fortress Monroe by General Wool. Oct. 21. — A disastrous defeat of the Union troops occurred at Ball's Bluff, Va., Colonel Baker, with his California brigade crossed the Potomac, and was suddenly attacked by 5,000 rebels, under General Evans, who held the ad- vantage in force and position. Baker's command was driven bacK to the river. No provision had been made for such an emergency, and those who refused to surrender, were either drowned or slauglitered ; 455 were taken prisoners 223 were killed and 266 wounded. The rebel loss was estimated at 300. Colonel Baker, one of the bravest and most noble spirited men in the volunteer army, was among the slam. — Com- modore Dupont and General Sherman left New York with sealed orders on a combined military and naval expedition. — At Fredericktown, Mo., a large rebel force, under General .Jetf Thompson and Colonel Lowe, were defeated by Plummer's force. After two hours fighting, the rebels fled and were pursued 22 miles ; 200 rebels, including Lowe, were killed, and a large number wounded. — In an attack on Camp Wild Cat, Laurel Co., Kentucky, 6,000 rebels, under Zollicoffer, were repulsed by a Union force, under General Schoepf, who lost four killed and 31 wounded. Oct. 22.— At Buffalo Mills, Mo., 22 rebels were killed and 80 wounded. An action occurred at Goose Creek, Va.; losses not reported. Oct. 23.— In a skirmish at West Liberty, Mo., 15 rebel soldiers were killed and wounded, and six were captured. — Lieutenant Grayson routed the rebels at Hodgesville, Ky., and was wounded with seven of his men. Oct. 24. — Mason and Slidell were formally received at Havanna by the autliorilies in Cuba. — The second exchange of prisoners took place at Columbus, Ky., and Cairo, 111. — The writ of habeas corpus was suspended in the District of Columbia. Oct. 25. — Near Springfield, Mo., a detach- ment of Fremont's body guard, under Zagonyi, charged 2,000 rebels and routed them, killing 106 and capturing 27 ; the Union loss was about 60. Oct 26. — Near Romney, Va., a force under General Kelley routed the rebels after two hours fighting ; many prisoners were cap- tured, a great amount of baggage, and all the cannon, ammunition and wagons. — At Platts- burg a Union victory was accomplished. — Fremont and Sigel, with their commands, arrived at Springfield, Mo. — In a skirmish at Saratoga, Ky., the 94th Illinois were engaged. — The 7th Missouri Cavalry were engaged in a skirmish at Spring Hill. Oct. 28.— At Dyer's Mills, Mo., 400 rebels offered to lay down their arms and return home if secured against arrest by Union troops ; General Henderson assented to their terms. — Near Butler, Mo., a rebel train was captured by a force under General Lane. Oct. 29. — Dupont and Sherman sailed from Fortress Monroe for Port Royal with SO vessels and 25,000 men. Oct. 30. — Removal of State prisoners from Fort La Fayette, New York, to Fort Warren, Boston. Oct. 31. — General Scott requested to be placed on the retired list. Nov. 1. — General Scott was retired on iull pay and McClellan was appointed his successor. — Colonel Mulligan was the first Union pris- oner exchanged under formalities, and General HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 23 Frost, the rebel officer, captured by Lyon at Camp Jackson, St. Louis was released. — A skir- misl) occurred at Renick, Mo. Nov. 2. — Fremont was relieved of his com- mand in Missouri. — At Platte City, Mo., a force under Major .Josephs routed the rebels un- der Silas Gordon and captured 30 prisoners. — The Bermuda ran the blockade at Savannah, Ga. — Military activities at Leavenworth, ivan- sas. Nov. 3. — ^^Union men in East Tennessee de- stroyed several important railroad bridges and the rebels hung several Union men in retalia- tion. — A rebel movement occurred at Houston, Mo. Nov 5. — Prestonburg, Ky., was occupied by Union troops under General Nelson. Nov. 6.— At Little Santa Fe, N. M. 120 Union soldiers under Captain Shields were cap- tured at Corrotowan Creek. Nov. 7.— Battle of Belmont, Mo. Tlie Union troops under Grant and McClernand, who had crossed from Cairo, were driven back to their transports by the rebels under General Clieat- ham; a hot fight was carried on more than six hours with heavy loss on both sides. — Forts Walker and Beauregard at Port Royal, S. C, were captured Ijy the expedition under Du- pont and Sherman after five hours engage- ment ; the Union loss was eight killed and 23 wounded, and 2,500 rebel prisoners were taken. For the first time since April 14th, the United States flag floated over South Carolina soil.— The privateer, Royal Yacht, was boarded by a party from the Santee and burned in Galves- ton harbor after a sharp conflict. Nov. 8.— Captain Wilkes, United States Navy, commanding the steam sloop of war, .Jacinto, overhauled the British sail .steamer, Trent, con- veying Mason and Slidell to England and France. The rebel envoys were transferred to the Jacinto,— At Piketon, Ky., General Nel- son's brigade routed the rebels, losing six killed and 24 wounded ; the rebel loss in killed and wounded was 409, and 2,000 of their soldiers were captured and considerable prop- erty. Nov. 10.— At Guyandott, West Virginia, GOO rebel cavalry under Jenkins made a descent on 150 Union soldiers. The citizens of the town treacherously lured the Federal garrison into their liouses, and they were afterwards as- saulted by the raiders and their hosts, male and female, and massacred in cold blood ; only 50 escaped. An hour later Colonel Ziegler arrived with a regiment of regulars and burned the town.— At Taylor's Ford, Tenn., the loyal citizens defended the U. S. flag. Nov. 11 — -In a skirmish near Kansas City, Missouri, the troojis of Colonel Anthony were defeated by the rebels and lost 16 in killed and wounded. — A calvary skirmish occurred at Little Blue, Mo. Nov. 12 — In a skirmish near Romney, Vir- ginia, two Union soldiers were killed and 12 rebel prisoners taken. — A detachment of New York cavalry engaged in a skirmish at Occoquan Creek, Va. Nov. 14~At McCoy's Mills, Va., a de- tachment of troops under General Benham, overtook, attacked and defeated the rear guard of General Floyd's rebel army and killed 15. — A military movement occurred at Point of Rocks, Md. Nov. 15. — The .Jacinto arrived at Fortress Monroe with Mason and Slidell. — In a skirmish at Cypress Bridge, Ky., the Union loss was 25 killed and wounded. Nov. 18. — 3,000 rebel troops in Aceomac and Northampton Counties, Va., disbanded and the Union forces under General Dix took posses- sion of the peninsula. — A skirmish occurred at Palmyra, Mo. Nov. 19 — Warsaw, Mo., was burned by the 24 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL rebel troops. — The rebel privateer Nashville, captured the Harvey Bircli near the English Channel, burned the vessel to the water's edge and took the crew as prisoners to an English port. — A skirmish occurred at "Wirt, W. Xa. Nov. 20. — The rebel General Floyd aban- doned his camp near Gurley River, W. Va., destroying a large proportion of the camp property and abandoning 10 wagon loads of arms and ammunition. Nov. 22. — Bombardment of the fortifications at Pensacola, Fla., by Fort Pickens and the U. S. fleets; Fort McRae was silenced. Fort Barancas and the navy yard much damaged and Warrenton destroyed. The Union loss was two killed and 13 wounded. The action occupied two days. Nov. 23. — The advance of General Butler's expedition for New Orleans sailed from Port- land, Me. — The representatives of U. S. soldiers in rebel prisons were authorized to draw their paj' as if in service. — Rebel movements at Warwick, Va. Nov. 24. — At Lancaster, Va., Colonel Moore defeated the rebels under Colonel Blanton, killing 13 and capturing several prisoners and losing one killed and two wounded. — Tybee Island, S. C, was occupied by the Union forces; a panic in consequence prevailed in Charleston which was placed under martial law and the Mayor called on the citizens to aid in tlie defense of the city. — Mason and Slidell were placed in Fort Warren, Boston. — An unimportant movement occurred at Bucking- ham, ^'a. Nov. 26. — The convention to organize the new State of West Virginia assembled at Wheeling. — Unimportant movements took place at Drainsville, Va., and Little Blue, -Mo. Nov. 27.— An emancipation Act was passed by the Wheeling convention. — At Liverpool, England, an indignation meeting was held to protest against Captain Wilkes' action in boarding the Trent. Nov. 29. — -An expedition under General Phelps left Fortress Monroe, destined for the Gulf. — The terror at Charleston, S. C, induced planters in the vicinity to destroy large quanti- ties of cotton. — At Black Walnut Creek, Mo., Major Hou,gh defeated the rebels, killing 14 and capturing five. Nov. 30. — General Price issued a proclama- tion at Neosho, Mo., calling 50,000 Missou- rians to his aid. — 1,200 Creek Indians revolted against the authority of the rebels. Dec. 1. — In a skirmish at Hunter's Chapel, Va., General Blenker defeated the rebels, with a loss of one killed. — Militar}' movements took place at Tallahatchie, Fla., and Huntsville, Ala. Dec. 2.— At Fort Holt, Ky., and Ford's Point, Mo., an artillery duel occurred, in which the rebel gunboats and Union batteries were engaged. — (_)n the James River four Union gunboats and the rebel ironclad, Patrick Henry, supported by a shore battery, engaged in a naval skirmish which lasted two hours. Dec. 3. — In a reconnoissance near ^'ienna, ^'a., companies D., F. and M., of the 3d Penn- sylvania Cavalry, under Captain Bell, were surprised by 300 rebels, and fought tlieir way through, with a loss of about 45. — At Salem, Mo., the Union garrison, under Major Bowen, was surprised by 300 rebels, and a street fight ensued, in which the rebels were repulsed ; the Union loss was 15 killed and wounded. Dec. 4. — General Phelps' expedition reached Ship Island.— At St. Louis, General Halleck ordered all spies found within the Union lines to be shot. — Queen Victoria prohibited the exportation from British ports of arms and other war supplies. — In a skirmish at Anandale, Va., a detachment of New Jersey troops engaged, and at Dunksburg, Mo., the citi- HISTORY OF TIJE CIVIL WAR. 25 zens took part in a skirmish. — An action took place at Wliippoorwill Bridge, Ky. Dec. 5. — In a skirmisli at Brownsville, Ky., the Home Guards defeated the rebels, under General Hinchman, killing thi'ee and wounding five. — A naval reconnoissance sent up the Wil- mington River, Ga., and captured a rebel battery. — Senator Sumner presented the first petition in the Senate for the emancipation of the slaves. Dec. G. — At Nashville, Tenn., a riot occurred during an attempt to enforce a draft for the confederate army ; the boxes containing the names were destroyed. Dec. 7. — At Mississippi Sound, a naval engagement took place between the gunboats New London and De Soto and two rebel vessels trying to run the blockade between Mobile and New Orleans. — At Dam No. 5, on the Potomac, the rebels were defeated, with a loss of 12 killed. — At Olathe, Mo., two Union .soldiers were killed in a skirmish. — A Union Indian fight occurred at Bush}^ Creek, Ark. Dec. 8. — Beaufort, S. C, was occupied by Union troops. Dec. 9. — The rebel batteries at Free Stone and Shipping Point, Va., were silenced by the United States flotilla on the Lower Potomac, aided by the batteries at Budd's Ferry. A boat's crew was landed, which destroyed the rebel works and buildings containing stores. Dec. 11. — A great fire occurred at Charles- ton, S. C— At Bertrand, Mo., Lieutenant-Colonel Rhodes defeated the rebels and lost but one man. — Minor affairs occurred at Ossabaw Sound, and Sharpesburg, N. C. Dec. 12. — Military movements took place on Green River, Ky. Dec. 13.— At Camp Allegheny, Xa., a battle took place, in which the forces were respect- ively led by Milroy (Union) and Johnson (rebel); darkness terminated the action, and the rebels fled before daybreak; the Union loss was 140 in killed, wounded and missing. — Military movements occurred at Butler, Md. — A de- serter named Johnson was shot, which was the first military e-xecution in the army. — In an action at Papinsville, Mo., General Pope captured a rebel camp, taking prisoners, camp fixtures and wagons. Dec. 15. — A rebel raid was made upon Platte City, Mo., and unimjwrtant activities occurred at Berlin, Md. Dec. 17.— Battle of Munfordsville, Ky. The rebels under General Bragg were defeated, the Union loss being 27 killed and wounded and that of the retiels much larger. Dec. 18. — A detachment of Pope's command under Jeff C. Davis captured a rebel camp at Milford, Mo., with 1,300 prisoners, and losing two killed and eight wounded. — A small rebel camp was captured on Ed isto Island, S. C. Dec. 19. — A rebel attack was made on Geary's Pennsylvania troop.s, which was re- pulsed. — Warlike movements occurred at Rip- ley, Va., and Point of Rocks, Md. Dec. 20. — At Drainsville, Va., a foraging party under General Ord, and rebels under Stewart engaged in a fight in which the latter were routed with heavy loss in killed and wounded, and losing 30 prisoners ; the Union loss was seven killed and 60 wounded. — In a skirmish at Hudson, Mo., a Union force under Colonel McKee defeated a rebel force, capturing 10 and killing 17. Dec. 22.— At Nashville, Tenn., $1,000,000 worth of stores belonging to the rebels were burned. Dec. 23. — The rebels were defeated near Newport News, Va, losing 10 killed ; six Union soldiei'S were wounded. Dec. 24.— Further enlistment of cavalry was stopped by the War Department, the force 26 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL being sufficient. — A skirmish occurred at Wadesburg, Mo. Dec. 25. — The rebel militarjr authorities blew up the lighthouse on Morris Island, in Charles- ton harbor, S. C. — Rebel movements in Mobile harbor. Dec. 26. — Movements at Columbia, Ky. Dec. 27. — Mason and Slidell were surrendered to the British authorities. — Fort Stanton was garrisoned. Dec. 28. — At Mount Zion, Mo., General Prentiss' forces dispersed the rebels under Colonel D'Orsey, losing three killed and 11 wounded; 35 prisoners were captured, 95 horses and 105 guns, while the loss in killed and wounded was about 150. — A cavalry fight occurred at Sacramento, Ky. — At Sewall's Point, Va., military movements occurred. Dec. 31. — The rebels intrenched at Biloxi, Miss." 1862. .Jan. 1.— A battle occurred at Port Royal Island, S. C, in which a Union brigade under General Stevens defeated an attacking party of rebels and lost three killed and 11 wounded. — The bombardment of the forts in Pensacola Bay, Fla., re-opened and included attacks on Fort Pickens, Fort Barancas and Warrenton. Jan. 3. — Big Bethel, Va., having been evacu- ated by the rebels was occupied by the Union troops. — A cavalry action occurred at Hun- newell. Mo. Jan. 4.— Near Bath, Va., 15,000 rebels under Jackson attacked tbe 5th Connecticut, guard- ing the Baltimore & Oliio track, and drove them across the Potomac, capturing a num- ber of prisoners. — The command of Major Webster defeated the rebels at Huntersville, W. Va. Jan. 6. — Military operations occurred at Han- cock, Md. Jan. 7. — At Blue Gap, Va., Colonel Dun- ning's troops routed 2,000 rebels, killing 15 and taking 20 prisoners. — A skirmish occurred 30 miles east of Sutton, \V. Ya,., and the rebels were routed, losing 22 killed and wounded and a quantity of cattle and horses. — At Paintsville, Ky., a body of Union troops under Col. James A. Garfield, dispersed the rebels under Hum- phrey Marshall. Jan. 8. — At Silver Creek, Mo., Union troops under Major Torrence defeated the rebels under Colonel Poindexter, and lost three killed and 10 wounded. — The 10th Iowa engaged in a figlit at Charleston, Mo. — A cavalry skirmish took place at Cheat River, W. Va. Jan. 9. — In a skirmish at Columbus, Mo., a body of Kansas cavalry was engaged. Jan. 10. — The retreating rebel force under Humphrey Marshall were overtaken by Gar- field's troops at Prestonburg, Ky., and the rebels were defeated, losing 50 in killed and wounded, with 25 prisoners, the Union loss being two killed and 25 wounded. Jan. 11. — Over 100 ves.sels of all classes, car- rying 5,000 troops, sailed from Fortress Monroe for North Carolina under command of General Burnside and Commodore Goldsborough. — Near Columbus, Ky., the Union and rebel gun- boats were engaged on the Mississippi River. — Destruction of the bridges of the Louisville and Nashville railroad by the rebels. Jan. 17. — The Burnside expedition arrived at Hatteras, N. C. Jan. 19. General Thomas' forces routed those of Zollicoffer and Crittenden at Mill Spring, Ky., in an engagement which lasted several hours. The Union loss was 39 killed and 127 wounded, and the rebels lost 231 killed and wounded, 150 prisoners, 10 cannon, 100 wagons, 1,200 horses and mules, 1,000 mus- kets, arms, ammunition and stores and several boats. Zollicoffer was killed by a pistol shot fired by Col. S. S. Fry. HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 27 Jan. 22. — Cavalry skirmish at Knob Noster, Mo. .Jan. 23. — At Southwest Pass on the Missis- sippi River, mihtary movements took place. Jan. 26. — The rebels constructed fortifica- tions at Benton, Ark. — At Bloomfield, Mo., an unimportant affair took place. Jan. 27. — The rebel authorities peremptorily refused to receive the commissioners sent from the North to provide for the comfort of Union prisoners. Jan. 28. — An unimportant naval engage- ment between U. S. and rebel gunboats took place near Savannah, Ga. Jan. 29. — Mason and Slidell landed at Southampton, England, but met with a very cold reception. — At Occoquan, Va., the 37th New York Infantry and 1st New Jersey Cavalry engage in a skirmish. — Reconnoissance at Stono Inlet, N. C. Jan. 30. — Erickson's Monitor was launched at Green Point, L. I. Jan. 31. — At Charleston, S. C, the con- federate ironclads Palmetto State and Chi- cora prepared for an attack on Fort McAlister and other points, their movements being known to history as a raid. Feb. 1. — An unimportant skirmish occurred near Bowling Green, Ky. Feb. 3. — The English authorities ordered the rebel privateer Nashville to leave Southampton ; the U. S. steamer Tuscarora attempted to follow and was stopped by a British frigate. Feb. 6.— At Fort Henry, Tenn., the rebel works Avere captured by seven gunboats under Flag Officer Foote after a fight of more than an hour and the commandant with his men were made prisoners, the main body of the rebels escaping. Feb. 7.— Union troops under General Lander, the siiccessor of Baker, occupied Romney, Va. — At Fairfax C. II., Yn., tlie command of Colonel Friedman worsted the I'ebels, killing one and capturing 12, only one Union soldier being wounded. — The Union batteries on Mary- land Heights shelled Harper's Ferry. Feb. 7. — Fighting was commenced at Roa- noke Island, N. C, which continued two days. The rebel works on the island were defended by six batteries, mounting an aggregate of 42 heavy guns manned by a force of 250 and by eight two-gun gunboats. In the first day's fighting the U. S. vessels under Commodore Goldsboro disabled the gunboats and silenced several heavy guns attaclied to the Imtteries. During the succeeding night General Burnside landed 1,000 troops for the purpose of making a combined attack in the morning. Fighting was renewed at daylight and about 1,000 additional infantry troops were landed, a com- bined military and naval attack being made on the rebel works. The defense of the works bj'^ the garrison may be faii'ly characterized as heroic, and many of the rebel fortifi- cations had to be carried at the point of the baj'onet. On the afternoon of the Sth the garrison surrendered, having lost about 80 in killed and wounded, while the Union loss was 50 killed and 175 wounded. The federal troops captured 2,527 prisoners, 40 cannon, 3,500 stand of arms besides about 75 tons of ammunition together with other war material. —Rebels intrenched at Germantown Tenn. Feb. 8. — A small force of Union troops under Captain Smith defeated a rebel detach- ment at Linn Creek, ^"a., capturing 17 horses and 12 prisoners; the Union loss was reported at one killed and wounded; the rebel loss in killed and wounded was reported at 15. Feb. 9. — A detachment of General Grant's forces engaged the rebels near Fort Henry, Tenn. ; 30 prisoners were taken and five rebels were reported killed, but the victory was 28 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL obtained by a loss of 39 Union soldiers killed and 23 wounded. Fkb. 10.— At Elizabeth City, N. C, a rebel battery was silenced and a fleet of rebel gun- boats destroyed, captured or driven off by Union gunboats attached to the Burnside expedition under Commodore Rowan. — The return of a reconnoitering expedition by Union gunboats up the Tennessee River as far as Florence, Ala., occurred ; during the reconnoissance three steamers were captured. The expedition was accorded enthusiastic greeting by the inhabi- tants on the river. Feb. 11. — A part of Burnside's command occupied Elizabeth City, N. C, the rebels having evacuated and partly burned the town. Feb. 12. — The investment of Fort Donelson, Tenn., was commenced by 40,000 troops under Grant, the fort being garrisoned by about 19,000 men. — Edenton, N. C, was occupied by the Union forces. Feb. 13.— Battle of Fort Donelson, Tenn. The attack on the works commenced at 7.80 in the morning, the garrison making a vigorous reply. Reinforcements of 8,000 men arrived during the night and the action of the Union troops was supported by four gunboats under Commodore Foote. On the 14th several sorties were made by the rebels and in one a Union battery was captured which was at once retaken. In the afternoon the gunboats were obliged to retire down the river, being disabled having lost nine killed and 45 wounded. On the 15th the battle raged all day and the center works were stormed and carried by the L^nion troops. Darkness put an end to the fighting and the National flag floated over the redoubt. During the night Pillow and Floyd decamped with 5,000, troops leaving General Buckner to continue the fight or surrender. On the morn- ing of the 16th white flags appeared on the rebel works. In the correspondence between the commanders relative to the terms of sur- render. Grant insisted that it should be " un- conditional." The capitulation followed, 13,- 829 prisoners, 3,000 horses, 48 field pieces, 17 siege guns, 20,000 staled of arms and a large quantity of stores being captured. The official reports give a loss of 231 killed and 1,007 wounded to the rebels and report the Union loss as 446 killed, 1,735 wounded and 150 prisoners. Feb. 13. — Union troops occupied Springfield, Mo., which had been abandoned by the troops of Sterling Price who left his sick be- hind. Ffb. 14. — At glooming Gap, Va., the com- mand of General Lander defeated the rebels, killing 13, wounding 20 and taking 56 prison- ers, his own loss being seven killed. — At Flat Lick Ford, Ky., Colonel Munday's men en- gaged in a skirmish without loss, but killed and wounded eight rebels and took several prisoners. Feb. 15. — The rebels having evacuated Bowling Green, Ky., 8,000 troops under General C. M. Mitchell occupied and fortified the place. Feb. 15. — A skirmish occurred at \'enus Point, Md. Feb. 16. — Warsaw, Mo., was garrisoned by Union troops. Feb. 17.— At Sugar Creek, Ark., 13 Union soldiers were killed and wounded. Feb. 19. — Tlie gunboats of the Burnside expedition attacked Winton, N. C, which was abandoned by the inhabitants and burned. — At Independence, Mo., a skirmish occurred between the L^nion troops and the guerrillas of Quantrell and Parker. Feb. 20. — The naval force under Foote occupied Clarksville, Tenn., the rebels retreat- ing on the approach of the gunboats, after an unsuccessful attempt to burn the railroad bridge. — While making an attempt to reinforce HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 29 Fort Doiielson, 1,000 rebels marched into the Union hnes and were promptly made prisoners. Feb. 21. — William Goodwin, convicted of taking negroes from the coast of Africa with the intent to sell them into slavery, was hung in the city of New York, this being the first execution of a slave trader in 40 years.— The United States Regulars under Colonel Canby were defeated by Texan rebels under the command of Colonel Steele at Valverde, on the Rio Grande, N. M.; the fight lasted all day. During its progress a section of U. S. artillery displayed bravery of the highest order, standing to their guns until literally cut to pieces, and Captain Alexander McRae sealed his heroism with his life ; the six guns attached to the battery were not captured until after the death of their defenders ; 62 Union soldiers were killed and 140 wounded ; the rebel lo.ss was not ascertained. Feb. 23. — Military necessity compelled the rebel evacuation of Nashville, Tenn., which was on the same day occupied by Union troops under General Nelson, ttrcumstances of great excitement attended the departure of the con- federate forces and the removal of the State government. Rebel soldiers were guilty of many acts of rapine and pillage, and were only prevented from burning the city by the determined opjiosition of armed citizens. The railroad bridge across the Cumberland was burned and the wires of the supension bridge were cut, but neither of these acts of vandalism served to prevent tlie entrance of the Union troops. The rebel governor Harris before his flight, delivered an inflammatory address to a meeting of citizens, urging them to meet him at Memphis ; liis remarks awakened no enthu- siasm and he left in apparent disgust. — Gallatin, Tenn., was occupied by General Buell's troops, while Fayetteville, Ark., was captured by Gen- eral Curtis. Feb. 24. — Mud Town, Ark., was occupied by the 5th Missouri Cavalry, who captured a quan- tity of stores which liad been poisoned and 42 officers and men were t^ken ill and several died. — The 37tli New York engaged in a skirmish at Occoquan, Va. Feb. 25. — Columbus, Ky., was evacuated. Feb. 26. — Military posession was taken of all telegraph lines and army intelligence was prohibited from passing over the wires ; private messages were not interfered with, if of a private nature. — In a skirmish at Keytesville, Mo., the cavalry were engaged. Feb. 28. — A skirmish occurred at Charleston, Ya. March 1.— At Sykestown, Mo,, a detachment of Illinois troops engaged in an action. March 2.— Two of Commodore Foote's gun- boats went up the Tennessee River to Pittsburg Landing, silenced a rebel battery and landed a small Union force, which charged the rebels and drove tliera from their works. On the arrival of rebel reinforcements the Union soldiers retreated to the boats ; they lost five killed and five wounded, and killed and wounded more than 200 rebels— A part of Commodore's Dupont's fleet, assisted by the troops, took posession of Brunswick, Ga. March 3.— Preparations for the occupation of Fernandina, Fla., which was abandoned by the rebels. (March 3d to March 7th.)— Mil- itary activities at Martinsburg, Va. — An in- fiintry and two cavalry regiments engaged in a fight at New Madrid, Mo. March 5. — ^The 63d Pennsylvania Infantry engaged in a skirmish at Occoquan, Va. — Military movements occurred at Bunker Hill, Va., Pineville, Mo., and Fort Beauregard, S. C. March 6. — Battle of Pea Ridge, Ark. Van Dorn, Price and Ben McCulloch, with 35,000 troops, including 2,000 Indians, attacked the forces of Sigel and Curtis, Asbooth and Jeff 30 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL C. Davis ; at the end of the first day the troops slept on their arms. The battle continued the next day with heavy loss, McCuUoch being killed. The fighting was resumed the next day — Saturday — and the rebels were routed before sunset and closely pursued. Nearl} 2,000 prisoners were captured, and the Union loss was 212 killed, 92G wounded and 170 mis- sing, while that of the rebels was 3,600 killed and wounded. The various parts of this action are recorded as Bentonville, Leetown, Elkhorn Tavern and Sugar Creek. March 6.— Operations were begun at Berry- vilie which covered several days. — Movements occurred at St. Mary's Fla., and Smithfield, Va. March 7. — Geary's troops occupied Lees- burg, Va. — A skirmish occurred at Fox Creek, Mo.; the evacuation of Centerville, Va., took place, and at Acquia Creek, Va., gunboat move- ments occurred. March S.^The Army of the Potomac was made into five corps. — Activities took place at Occoquan, '\'^a., Keytesville, Mo., Waterford, Miss., and Wheatland, Mo.— Action in Hamp- ton Roads. The rebel ironclad ram Merrimac, attacked the Cumberland, sinking her with most of her crew. The Congress was next attacked and surrendered after having been set on fire ; the Minnesota started to relieve the Congress, but ran aground, and was attacked by the ram and an engagement between the two lasted until dark. Two gunboats were dis- abled and the Union losses were very heavy ; 100 were killed and 50 wounded on the Cum- berland ; 94 were killed and 29 wounded on the Congress ; on the Minnesota, six were killed and 25 wounded, and on the gunboats five were killed and wounded ; the rebels took 40 prisoners from the Congress which burned all night and then blew up. — In a skirmish near Nashville, Tenn., the 1st Wisconsin Infantry and 4th Ohio Cavalry engaged. March 9. — The Merrimac again appeared in Hampton Roads. During the night Erickson's steam floating battery Monitor arrived from New York and the two ironclads were engaged in a three-hours' figiit. The Merrimac retired in a damaged condition and was towed away to the protection of a rebel battery at Sewall's Point. Lieutenant Worden, commander of the Monitor, was injured in his eyes which was the only casualty on the "Yankee Cheese Box;" 24 were reported killed and wounded on the Merrimac— The rebel fortifications at Cockpit Point, on the Potomac, were occupied by the Union troops, and one of the obstructions to the channel removed. — A skirmish occurred at Mountain Grove, Mo., and activities were in operation at Point Pleasant, W. Va. March 10. — The rebels evacuated Manasses Junction, Va., which was occupied by the Union troops. — Rebel troops from Texas, under Sibley, took military possession of Santa Fe, N. M. — Cavalry skirmishes occurred at Burke's Station, Va., and Jacksboro, Tenn. — Military movements occurred at Brunswick, Va. March 11.— In a cavalry skirmish at AVin- chester, Va., 4,000 rebels were dispersed and the town occupied by the Union troops. — St. Augustine, Fla., with an adjacent fort, was occupied by Commodore Dupont without firing a shot, and the National flag was displayed voluntarily by the city authorities. The 5th Iowa and 1st Nebraska Cavalry engaged in a skirmish at Parish, Tenn. March 12. — Jacksonville, Fla., surrendered to Dupont and raised the stars and stripes. — A cavalry force from New Lebanon, Mo., attacked a rebel band, killing 13, wounding five and capturing about 25 prisoners. — At Lexington, Mo., the 1st Iowa Cavalry engaged in a skirmish. March 13. — At New Madrid, Mo., the rebel garrison evacuated the place, abandoning a HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 31 large quantity of ammunition and arms, beside camp equipments and tlie troops of Pope took possession. In tlie skirmishing previous to the departure of the rebels, 50 Union soldiers were killed. — A movement occurred at Williamsport, Md. March 14. — The troops of Burnside, after a long and tedious march, attacked the rebels, numbering 12,000, at Newburn, N. C, and, after three hours' hot contest, drove the latter in con- fusion, making extensive captures, including two steamboats and several sailing vessels. The Union loss was !)1 killed and 4GG wounded. In a movement at Point Pleasant, W. Va., an infantry force was engaged. March 15. — Activities occurred at Dumfries, Va. March 16. — Commodore Foote attacked Island No. 10, on the Mississippi River, the siege lasting 23 days. (The result of the bombardment may be found under date of April 7th.) — Near Pittsburg Landing a d(;tach- ment of the 4th Illinois defeated a squad of rebel cavalry, inflicting heavy loss ; four Union soldiers were wounded. — At Black .Jack Forest, Tenn., about 500 Union cavalry defeated 1,000 rebels; the Union loss was 25 in killed and wounded, and the rebel loss was four times as great. — Near Pound Gap, in the Cumberland Mountains, a detachment of Garfield's forces routed a rebel camp, capturing a quantity of equipments and stores. March 17.— The rebel .steamer " Nashville " escaped from Beaufort, N. C. March 18.— Acquia Creek, Xa., was evac- uated by the rebels. — A skirmish occurred at Sa- lem, Ark. March 20.— Beaufort, N. C, was occupied by Bui'nside without opposition. March 21.— General Butler arrived at Ship Island.— Burnside's troops occupied Washing- ton, N. C— At Mosquito Inlet, Fla., a gunboat action took place and a military movement occurred at St. Augustine. March 22. —In West Virginia, the rebels attacked a portion of General Shields' troops and retreated after tlie skirmish in which Shields was slightly wounded. — At Indepen- dence, Mo., the 2nd Kansas Infantry was en- gaged in a slight skirmish. March 23. — General .Jackson, commanding 12,000 rebels, was induced by a strategy of General Shields to attack an apparently unsup- ported force near Winchester and encountered 10,000 Union troops and was driven in con- fusion after five liours fight; 300 prisoners were captured and 270 rebel dead were buried by the Union troops. The Union casualties included 103 killed, 440 wounded and 24 mi-s- sing.— The investment of Fort Macon, N. C, was commenced by the Union forces.— The 6th Ivansas Cavalry were involved in a skirmish at Carthage, Mo., and military activities took place at Morehead City, Ky. March 24. — Commodore Dupont sent ay expedition to Warsaw Sound, Ga., which occu- pied the abandoned rebel works at Skidaway and Green Islands. — Activities occurred at Ship- ping Point, Va., and Wilmington, N. C. March 26.— Quantrell with 200 guerrillas attacked a detachment of Missouri militia at Warrensburg, Mo., and was repulsed. — A heavy skirmish took place at Humansville, Mo., and 15 rebels were killed. A skirmish occurred at McMinnville, Tenn. March 27. — The forces under Shields and Jackson engaged in a skirmish near Strasburg, Va. March 28. — About 1,300 Union soldiers under Colonel Stougli fought 1,100 Texans at Apache Canon, N. M.; the loss on both sides being heavy. — The 28th Pennsylvania engaged in a skirmish at Middleburg, Va. March 29. — A skirmish took place near 82 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL Warrensburg, Mo., in which the 1st Iowa Cav- ah-y, under Captain Thompson, defeated the guerriHas under Parker and Walton, who were both captured with 25 of their men. March 31.— Colonel Buford, with a detach- ment from the 27th and 42nd Illinois, and the 15th Wisconsin, with a detail of cavalry and artillery, dispersed a rebel garrison at Union City, Tenn., with heavy loss of soldiers and supplies. — The Baltimore and Ohio railroad was reopened throughout its entire extent. — Military movements took place at Watts' Creek, Va., and Warrenton, Va. April 1.— A portion of the 2nd Illinois Cav- alry having been surrounded by a body of rebels, between Corinth and Farmington, Miss., gallantly cut their way out, losing only five in killed and wounded ; the rebel loss was estimated at 49. — Skirmish at Putnam's Ferry, Mo., in which the 5tli Illinois Cavalry, 21st and 38tli Illinois Infantry engaged. — At Thoroughfare Gap, Va., the 28th Pennsylvania Infantry engaged in a skirmish. — Action at Stafford C. H., Va., and at Stony Creek, Tenn. April 3. — Appalachicola, Fla., was occupied by the Union forces. April 4. — Pass Christian on the Gulf coast, northeast of New Orleans, was occupied by the Union troops. — The Army of tlie Potomac, under General McClellan, advanced toward Yorktown, Va. — Skirmishing preliminary to the great battle which was soon to follow, took place near Pittsburg Landing.— Skirmish at Great Bethel, Va., and at Crump's Landing, Tenn. April 5.— An advance detachment of the Army of the Potomac attacked the rebel works at Yorktown, Va.; three Union soldiers were reported killed and 22 wounded. April 6.— General McClellan's lines on the Peninsula at this time extended across the neck of land from the York to the James and his troops occupied Shipping Point on Poquesin Bay, which had been abandoned bj' the rebels, presumably to avoid battle. April 6-7. — Battle ,of Shiloh, or Pittsburg Landing. Before daylight, about 45,000 rebels led by Albert Sidney .Johnson and Beauregard, suddenly attacked the Union forces, 35,000 strong, under General Grant. During the first day's conflict, the United States troops were driven back to the river with great slaughter, losing also about 2,500 prisoners (among whom was General Prentiss), 36 pieces of artillery, a large amount of camp equipage, etc. The army was saved from total defeat through the rashness of the rebels, who, flushed with success, approached too near the river, when the gunboats opened flre upon them with deadly effect. The confederate success on the first day was not achieved without heavy loss. General Johnson himself, being among the slain. During the night of the 6th and morning of the 7th, the Union army was strongly re-inforced. Fighting was resumed early on the morning of the 7th and at about 4 o'clock in the afternoon began the rebel retreat, which soon assumed the proportions of a partial rout. Several Union prisoners and some cannon were • retaken. The fighting on both sides had been desperate and the loss fearful. The Union losses officially reported were : killed, 1,674 ; wounded, 7,721 ; missing and prisoners, 3,963 ; total, 13,298. The rebel loss as reported by Beauregard was 1,728 killed ; 8,012 wounded, and 959 missing. April 7. — After 23 days intermittent bom- bardment by Commodore Foote's flotilla. Island No. 10 (commanded by General Markad) sur- rendered. At the surrender, 17 officers, 300 privates in good health, 100 sick and 100 steamboat hands were made prisoners. In addition were captured 70 guns, besides several steamers and other property, to the value of Q^e-^i. . HJ} • ^- (S^-J^i-e- ti? J ^ u. J-i- . HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 33 nearly a quarter of a million of dollars. The operations on the mainland had been carried on by General Pope, who headed off the rebel retreat and captured several more prisoners, comprising four generals, 25 field officers, 204 line ofKcers and over G,000 privates, besides 10,000 arms, 2,000 horses and mules, 1,000 wagons, etc., besides about $40,000 worth of provisions and amunition. — Action at Lawrence- burg, Ky. April 8. — A rebel camp near Elizabeth City, N. C, was surprised and routed b}^ an expe- dition consisting of troops from Roanoke Island ; 80 prisoners were taken, one rebel soldier killed, and a large quantity of arms, tents, etc., captured. — Fight near Corinth, Miss. April 9. — A conscription was ordered by the rebel congress. — Skirmish at Owens River, Cal. — Activities at Jacksonville, Fla. April 10-11. — Attack upon and surrender of Fort Pulaski, Ga. The Union batteries on Tybee Island, commanded by Gillmore, opened fire on the fort whose garrison was commanded by Colonel Olmstead. The rebels surrendered after a bombardment of 30 hours, to General Hunter. Tht^ prisoners tak-en num- bered 860 and a large amount of garrison equipments and ammunition were also cap- tured. — The rebel ram Merrimac again appeared in Hampton Roads with several smaller heav- ily armed vessels; three small Union trading vessels were captured, but no other damage was done. — Near Yorktown, Va., a rebel repulse took place, in which seven Union soldiers were killed and wounded.— General Mitchell's troops occupied Huntsville, Ala. — Slavery was abol- ished in the District of Columbia. April 13. — Skirmishes occurred at Little Blue River, Mo., and at Monterey, Va. ; move- ments also took place at Pocahontas, Ark., and at Stevens, Ga. April 13.— Commodore Foote, with the Mis- sissippi River flotilla, arrived at Fort Pillow and on the following day opened tire on the works.— -Activities occurred at Needham's Cut- off on the Mississippi in Tennessee. April 14. — Military movements occurred at Pollocksville, N. C, Urbana, Md., Lowey's Point, Va., Diamond Grove, Walkersville, N. C, and Montevallo, Mo. April 15. — A fight occurred at Pechacho Pass, D. T., and at Peratto, N. M.— In the vicinity of South Mills, N. C, military move- ments occurred covering several days. April 16. — A detachment of rebels from Lee's arm}' made a night attack on the Union position at Lee's Mills, Va. The a.ssault was repelled by a Vermont regiment, and the Union troops drove the rebels from their in- trenchments, but were finally compelled to retire. The Union loss was 35 killed, 120 wounded and nine prisoners; the rebel loss was 20 killed, 75 wounded and 50 prisoners. — Near Yorktown, Xa., the United States artillery opened a duel with the rebels with slight ad- vantage—Activities at Savannah, Tenn., and White Marsh Island, Ga.; in the latter, the 8th Michigan and a Rhode Island battery were engaged. April 17. — At New Market, Va., a part of the advanced guard of General Banks' com- mand from Mount Jackson occupied the place. — A skirmish occurred at Holly River, W. Va. April 18. — At Fredericksburg, Va., a run- ning fight took place, in which the 2d New York Cavalry drove 3,000 rebels who burned 20 schooners, three steamboats and two bridges in their flight. The Union loss was eight killed and 17 wounded.— The attack on Forts Jackson and St. Phillip at the mouth of the Mississippi was commenced by the combined Union fleet under Farragut and Porter. The activities con- tinued until the 28th, the fleets passing the forts and capturing New Orleans, wliere a force 34 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL under General Butler was landed. On the 28th two comijanies of the 4th Wisconsin and a detachment from the 21st Indiana went to the rear of the forts, which completed the line of investment, and the forts surrendered without farther resistance. — An action took place at Edisto Island, S. C. April 19.— Capture of Camden, N. C, by General Reno with 2,500 men and a loss of 127 in killed, wounded and missing. — A skir- mish occurred on a canal near Elizabeth City, N. C, 500 men of Burnside's command being engaged and driving a Georgia regiment; the Union loss was 11 killed and many wounded. — In a skirmish at Talbot's Ferry, Ark., the 4th Iowa Cavalry were engaged.— A slight action took place at Sparta, Teini. April 21. — Santa Fe, N. M., was occupied by the Union troops. April 22. — Slight skirmish at Lee's Mills with a Union loss of two killed and two wounded. — Near Paratura, N. M., General Can- by's forces attacked a garrison of Texan rebels. — Skirmishes took place at Harrisonburg, Va., and Grass Lick, W. Va. April 24. — Farragut's fleet passed Foris Jack- son and St. Philip under a rain of shot and shell. In the engagements 13 rebel gunboats and three transports were destroyed. The Union fleet lost only one vessel, and anchored within 20 miles of New Orleans. The Union loss included a little more than 200 in killed and wounded ; the rebel loss was nearly 400 killed and wounded and 400 prisoners. — Action at Pea Ridge, Ark. April 25. — Farragut demanded the surren- der of New Orleans, and the rebels destroyed $3,000,000 worth of cotton and shipping.— Fort Macon, N. C, was bombarded for 11 hours by three gunboats and a force commanded by Gen- eral Parks of Burnside's army, and surren- dered ; the Union loss was one killed and two wounded. April 26. — A rebel outwork near Yorktown, Va., was assaulted and destroyed by one com- pany of the 1st Massachusetts with a loss of three killed and 13 wounded. — At Neosho, Mo., Major Hubbard, commanding 148 men of the 1st Mi.ssouri, defeated 600 rebel Indians, killing and wounding 30, capturing 60, and a large amount of arms. — The 5th Kansas Cav- alry had a skirmish at Turn Back Creek, Mo., and the troops under A. .J. Smith, made a re- connoissance to Lick Ci-eek, Miss. April 27. — A skirmish took place near Hor- ton's Mills, N. C, and at Purdy, Tenn., a mili- tary movement occurred. April 28. — Formal surrender of New Orleans and also Forts .Jackson and St. Philip. — A skir- mish, in which 22 men of the lOtli Wisconsin engaged, took place at Paint Rock Railroad Bridge, Ala. —Three regiments, including the 16th and 42nd Ohio, and the 22nd Kentucky, engaged in a skirmish at Cumberland Moun- tain, and the 2nd Iowa Cavalry, liad a figlit at Monterey, Tenn.— At Bridgeport, Ala., General Mitchell's forces routed the rfebels and inflicted a loss of 72 killed, a large number wounded and 350 prisoners. — Movements took place at Edisto, S. C. April 30. — The siege of Corinth, Miss., was commenced by the army under Halleck. May 1. — General Mitchell occupied Hunts- ville, Ala. — A slight skirmish took place at Clark's Hollow, W. Va.— At Pulaski, Tenn., Morgan's guerrillas captured a small force of Union troops. — At Farmington, Miss., an action occurred with no decisive results, although six Illinois regiments and three Michigan regi- ments, a company of sharpshooters and an Illinois battery, were engaged. May 4. — The rebels having evacuated York- town and Gloucester, A'^a., those points were HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 35 occupied by McClellan's army.— A rebel iron- clad was captured in running the blockade at Charleston, S. C— A skirmish took place at Licking, Mo., and at Cheese Cake Church, Xa.— The pursuit of the rebels from Yorktown was vigorously pressed. May 5.— Battle of Williamsburg, Va. This action was one of the most fearful of the war up to this date. The rebel loss was about 3,000 and the Union loss 500 less. Hancock's troops gained a decided advantage in the early stage of the fighting, displaying great bravery. The battle throughout was desperate on both sides, Sickles' and Hooker's men suffering heavy loss. Reinforcements arrived a little after noon and soon after Hancock with his Western troops, secured a victory. The enemy fled during the night. — Skirmishes took place at St. .Josephs, La., at Lebanon, Tenn., and at Dresden, K)'. May 6. — McClellan's army occupied Will- iamsburg. — Military' movements occurred at Harrisonburg, Va. May 7. — At West Point, Ya., a detachment of Lee's army was defeated by the troops belonging to the expedition under Fi'anklin and Sedgwick ; the rebels retreated with a loss of 800. — A Union repulse occurred at Somer- ville Heights, Va., with a loss of 29 Union soldiers. — Activities occurred at Giles C. H., Va. May* 8. — The Union gunboats ran past the rebel ram Merrimac and ascended the .James River. — Sewall's Point was bombarded by the Monitor and Union gunboats. — The Union command under Milroy and Schenck had a severe engagement near McDowell, Xa., losing 40 killed and 120 wounded ; the rebel loss was probably much greater. — At Corinth, Miss., a hot action took place, which involved the 7th Illinois Cavalry under Major Arlington, who was killed ; this action is also known as Glendale. May 9. — General Pope's forces fought the rebels under Price and A'^an Dorn at Farming- ton, Miss., an(l retired to avoid a general engagement, losing 160 killed and wounded. — Near Athens, Ala., a skirmish occurred in which five Union soldiers and lo rebels were killed. — In the Shenandoah valley, the forces of Banks drove the rebels back to Staunton. — Burnside sent a steamer up the Chowan River which cajitured or destroyed $50,000 worth of provi- sions designed for rebels. — The gunboats up the James River bombarded Fort Darling. — Pensacola nav}^ yard burned. — Skirmishes occurred at Elkton Station, Ala., and at Slatersville, Va. May 10. — Gosport navy yard was burned and Craney Island abandoned by the rebels. — General Wool with his forces occupied Nor- folk. — Stoneman's advance reached New Kent C. II., Va.^A gunboat action resulting in Union victory occurred near Fort Pillow. May 11. — The rebels destroyed the Merri- mac. — The 1st Wisconsin Cavalry engaged in a skirmish at Bloomfield, Mo., and at Cave City, Ky., militai'y movements occurred. May- 12. — Occupation of the rebel position at Pensacola. — Natchez surrendered. — Blockade raised at Beaufort, N. C, Port Royal, S. C, and New Orleans, La., to go into etfect June 1st, 1862. — At McDowell, Va., another action took place with a loss of 20 killed and 177 wounded and a rebel loss of 240. — In a skirmish near Monterey, Tenn., the Union forces killed 10 rebels and lost two soldiers.— The advance of McClellan's army reached White House, hav- ing skirmished at Cumberland, Va.— Military movements occurred at Holly River, W. ^'a., Rogersville, Ala., and Ready Creek, Tenn. May 14.— Near Trenton Bridge, N. C, the command of Colonel Armory defeated the rebels and killed 10. May 15. — A gunboat action took place at Fort Dai-ling, Va. — Skirmishes at Linden, Va., CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL Princeton, W. Va., Chalk Bluffs, Mo., and Batesville, Ark., took place. May 16. — At Trenton, N. C, an action took place in which six rebels were killed and a number wounded; Major Fitz Simmons in command of the I'nion force was wounded and five of his men captured. — An action took place at Piedmont, W. Va. May 17. — On the James River, the fleet of Goldsborough made an attempt to pass Fort Darling which was unsuccessful. — Actions took place at Russelville, near Corinth, Miss., and on the Black River, Mo. May is. — A division of the Army of the Potomac arrived at Bottom's Bridge, 15 miles from Richmond; the bridge had been de- stroj'ed and the rebels opened fire without material damage. — Combined laud and naval movements up the Pamunky River prepara- tory to operations north of Richmond and 20 rebel schooners were captured. — At Princeton, Ya., where operations had been in progress three days, the forces of General Cox were de- feated, losing 30 killed and 70 wounded. — Suf- folk, Va., occupied by the Union troops. — Near Searcy Landing, Ark., tlie command of Oster- haus defeated the rebels, who lost about 100. May 19. — Stoneraan's division reached Cold Harbor. — A skirmish occurred near Newbern, N. C, five Union and 11 rebel soldiers being killed. May 20, — A division of the Army of the Potomac reached New Bridge, eight miles from Richmond. — At Moorefields, Va., Union troops under Downey killed four rebels and captured 12. May 21. — Four Union vessels shelled Cole's Gate Island, S. C, and attacked Keawah Island in the same locality. — A skirmish occurred at Phillip's Creek, Miss. May 22. — McClellan's army advanced in force; an engagement followed, the Union troops driving back the rebels, sustaining small loss and killing, wounding and capturing 150. The advance was continued, and the rebels dislodged from Ellison's Mills by an artillery action. — Skirmishes occurred at Flor- ida, Mo., on the White River, Ark., and near Newbern, N. C. May 23. — A sudden and furious attack was made on Front Royal, Va., and the Union troops were defeated with great loss of prison- ers.— At Strasburg, ^"a., the rebels attacked the force of General Banks and won a victory. — At Lewisburg, Va., 3,000 rebels made an attack on the comimand of Crook and were repulsed with a loss of more than 200, besides cannon and arms and the Union loss was only 10 killed and 40 wounded.— Mechanicsville, five miles from Richmond, was occupied by a part of the Army of the Potomac after an artillery duel; Negley's brigade reached a point five miles from the rebel capital and, after this movement, McClellan's command was practically five miles from Richmond. May 24. — Skirmishes took place at Middle- town, Newton and New Bridge on the Chicka- hominy. — Activities at Fort Graig, N. M. May 25. — Battle of Winchester, Va. General Banks was attacked by an overwhelmingly superior force of rebels and recommenced his retreat after two hours hard fighting. Tlie women of Winchester fired upon the retreating I'nion troops and the men on tiie sick in the ambulances. The enemy, by occupying Berry- ville, having cut off Bank's retreat on Harper's Ferry, the latter was compelled to proceed wes- terly via Mill Creek and Martinsburg to the Potomac, being hotly pressed by the rebels on both Hank and rear ; the retreat was most masterly ; 35 out of the 53 miles were traversed in one day ; and out of 500 wagons, he lost but 5.0 from all causes. May 26. — General Bank's forces arrived at HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 37 Williamsport, Md.; on the same day General Fremont's ti'oops took up their marcii for his reinforcement. — General McDowell extended his pickets eight miles along the Bowling Green road toward Richmond. May 27. — Near Hanover, C. H., a skirmish took place in which 54 Union soldiers were killed and 194 were reported as wounded and missing. Ahout 300 rebels were killed and wounded, and 500 prisoners captured.— A skirmish took place at Big Indian Creek, Ark., and Osceola, Mo. May 28.— a rebel defeat occurred near Corinth, Miss., the Union loss in killed and wounded being 25 ; 50 dead rebels were left on the field. — Information reached the Union army that the rebels were increasing their forces on the James River, and that arrangements were being made to remove the noncombatants in Richmond to a place of safet)'. — Skirmishes took place at Wardensville, Va., and at Bayou Cache, Ark. May 29. — General Fitz John Porter's division havuig been sent by General McCIellan on an expedition to the north of Richmond, a detach- ment under General Morell captured Hanover C. H., after a spirited contest, killing and wounding 400 and taking 600 prisoners. The Union lo.ss was 379, of whom 53 were killed. — General Porter next cut the Mrginia Central railroad in three places, and a cavalry force destroyed the bridge across South Anna River, cutting off the rebel troops ojiposite McDowell's division from the main force at Richmond.— A gunboat reconnoissance up the Appomattox advanced to within five miles of Parkersburg. — A rebel advance in great force was made in the neighborhood of the Chickahominy.— Gen- eral Beauregard evacuated Corinth, Miss., and the place was, on the following day, occupied by General Pope's command. — A skirmish occurred at Pocotaligo, S. C. — Activities at Gatesville, N. C, and at Ashland, Ivy. May 30. — A brigade of Union troops re-en- tered and occupied Front Royal, Va. — A fight took place at Booneville and Tuscumbia Creek, Miss. — Evacuation of Corinth, Miss. May 31.— The first battle of Fair Oaks, Va., sometimes called the battle of the Chickahom- iny. About 10 o'clock a. m. the rebels attacked the Union advance under General Casey, which had been thrown across the river and over- powered the division, which was forced to give way, losing camp, boats, etc. Reinforcements under Generals Couch and Hentzelman checked the rebel advance and, later in the day. Gen- erals Kearney, Richard,son and Sedgwick's forces, arriving on the scene of action, the rebel troops were driven back with great slaughter. Darkness ended the day's confiict which was renewed at daybreak and continued until near sunset of the next day. Four bril- liant bayonet charges were made by the Union troops, in one of which the enemy were driven a mile over the swampy ground. Effective use was made of a balloon held in position 2,000 feet in mid air, from which, by means of a telegraph wire. General McCIellan was informed of everything which transpired during the battle. Twelve hundred rebel dead were left on the field and the total confederate loss was admitted to be 8,000 in killed, wounded and missing, including five generals, General Joe Johnston himself, being among the wounded; ofticial reports gave the Union loss at 800 killed, 3,627 wounded and 1,217 missing and prisoners, besides several pieces of artillery. The Union troops maintained their position. — A skirmish took place at Neosho, Mo., and Wa.shington, N. C. May 31. — A Union cavalry force under Colo- nel Elliott, sent by General Pope to Barnesville, Miss., captured eight locomotives and 26 cars 38 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL loaded with rebel supplies, 10,000 stand of arms and a number of prisoners, who were paroled. — Little Rock, Ark., was occupied by the Union troops, the governor and legislature fleeing in haste. — General Banks again advanced into the Shenandoah Valley, passing through Martins- burg and capturing several small parties of confederates south of that place. .June 1. — General Fremont's advance over- took the retreating rebels under .Jackson near Strasburg, Va., and, after some skirmishing, occupied the town, the Union loss in killed and wounded being 12. — An unsuccessful attack on a rebel battery of rifled guns at Grand Gulf, Miss., was made by a part of Farragut's fleet. — Movements at Seabrook, S. C, and at Pig Point, Va. June 2. — General Wool was transferred to the Department of Maryland with headquarters at Baltimore, General Dix, (U. S. V.) who had formerly been stationed at Baltimore, being appointed to the command of a corps including the fortress. — Activities at Bunker Hill, V^a. June 3. — General Sigel assumed command at Harper's Ferry. — Skirmish at Legare's Point, S. C. June 4. — A report was received from General Pope, announcing his pursuit of the retreating rebel forces south of Corinth, Miss., and the capture of a large number of prisoners and arms ; the rebel Beauregard, however, in his oflicial report, denied having met with any serious loss. — A body of Union troops, under General Benham landed on James Island, S. C; some opposition was encountered and a rebel force was discovered of more than 20,000. — Union troops under General Negley defeated the rebels under General Adams near Jasper, Tenn., capturing 25 prisoners and killing and wounding 12. — Skirmish at Blacklands, Miss. June 5. — After bombardment, the rebels evacuated and burned Fort Pillow on the Mis- sissippi, thus opening the river to the passage of Union gunboats towards the South. — A com- parative panic seized upon Memphis, Tenn., with the -advance of the Union troops; a large quantity of cotton was burned on the Missis- sippi shore above the city and, at a massmeet- ing of the citizens, resolutions favoring surren- der were adopted. — Skirmish at Trouter"s Creek, N. C. June 6. — About daybreak, eight rebel gun- boats which had left Memphis attacked a Union flotilla. One hour's fight ensued. Several of the attacking fleet were sunk, the rebel crews in more than one instance, preferring to go down with their boats to a surrender which they considered disgraceful. On the Union side, the onl}' serious casualty was the mortal wounding of Col. Charles Ellett. At the con- clusion of the naval engagement, flag-oflicer Davis demanded the unconditional surrender of the city of Memphis which demand was at once complied with by the authorities. — A small force of rebels at Harrodsburg, Va., was routed by a detachment of General Fremont's Corps. — A skirmish occurred at Harrisonburg, Va. June 7. — Commodore Farragut's squadron fi'om the lower Mississippi arrived at Vicks- burg. Miss., where it was joined by Porter's mortar fleet which had descended the river. — The rebel batteries at Chattanooga, Tenn., were silenced by General Mitchell's advance. — By order of Major-General Butler, William B. Mumford was hung in New Orleans for hauling down the American flag. — California volun- teers under General Carleton, arrived at Tuc- son, having occupied all the Arizona forts with- out resistance, the works having been evacu- ated by the rebels several days previous ; Gen- eral Carleton was appointed military governor of the new territory. June S. — Another attack was made on the HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 39 rebel batterj^ at Grand Gulf, Miss., by a 2iortion of Farragut's squadron, the battery being .sil- enced. — A battle was fought at Cross Keys, Va., between the rear of Stonewall Jackson's rebel force and a portion of the command of Fremont in which the former was defeated with con- siderable loss ; the Union loss was 125 killed and nearly 400 wounded. June 9. — While en route to co-operate with Fremont, Shields, with 3,500 soldiers was at- tacked and defeated bj^ about 16,000 rebels un- der General Jackson at Port Republic, Ya. Shields made good his retreat but the loss on both sides was heavy ; the reported Union loss was 67 killed, 361 wo'unded, 574 missing while the rebel loss was believed to be about the same. — Union troops occupied Grand Junction, Miss., about 41 miles west of Corinth, the forces of Beauregard having retreated through Gun- town. — A skirraisli took place at Baldwin, Miss. June 10. — In an engagement on -James Island, S. C, the Union troops defeated the rebels, the loss being about 17 on both sides in killed and wounded.— A skirmish took place at Monterey, Ky. June 12.— In a skirmish near Village Creek, Ark., the force under Colonel Brackett defeated tlie rebels under Captain Hooker ; 13 Union soldiers were wounded, the rebel loss being 28 in killed, wounded and prisoners.— -At Mount Jackson, W. Va., military movements occurred. June 13. — A rebel battery near St. Charles, Ark., was captured by a Union gunboat expedi- tion from Memphis. A rebel shot exploded a boiler on the gunboat Mound City, the vessel being destroyed and only 50 out of a crew of 175 were rescued ; 125 rebels were killed and wounded and 30 prisoners taken. — The rebels cut the railroad and telegraph at White House in the rear of General McClellan's command. — A skirmish took place at Old Church, Va. June. 14. — Three several attempts were made by the Union forces to dislodge the rebels from their intrenched position on James Island, S. C, but the assailants were finally repulsed with a loss of over 600 in killed, wounded and missing. The attacK was led by General Benham, the de- fense being conducted by Colonel Lamar. — A skirmish took place atTunistall Station, Va. June 15. — Three hours skirmishing took place in front of the division of Sumner ; mys- terious rebel movements were observed in front of the position of McClellan, and rumors were rife of a rebel advance from Richmond towards Frederick.sburg with the design of marching on Washington. — Action at Secessionville, S. C. June 17. — Union troops, belonging to the command of Halleck occupied Holly Springs, Miss. — A skirmish took place at White River, St. Charles, Ark., and at Warrensburg, Mo. June 18. — Skirmi.shing all along the line before Richmond, which was continued through the following day. — Union forces occupied Cum- berland Gap. — Near Smithville, Ark., Union forces under Major Zeley defeated the rebels under Captain Jones, wounding four and cap- turing 15 prisoners ; the Union loss was three killed and four wounded. — A skirmish took place on the Williamsburg road, Va. — Activities occurred at Manchac, La. June 20.-6,000 Union troops left Norfolk, Va. — President Lincoln signed the bill forever prohibiting slavery in the territories. June 21. — A skirmish occurred at Battle Creek, Tenn. June 22. — Military movements occurred at Cold Water, Miss., and at Raceland, La. June 24. — An action occurred at Bolivar, Va. June 25. — On this date the seven days fight- ing before Richmond commenced and a brief .synop.sis is given. The advance of Hooker's forces resulted in the battle of Oak Grove in which the Union loss was 200 ; the confed- erate pickets were withdrawn half a mile nearer 40 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL Richmond. June 26tli, the rebels under Jack- son attacked McCall's division near Meclianics- ville and forced tlie Union troops to retire to tlie Chickahoniiny. June 27tli, the rebel advance on Gaines' Mills was repulsed, the Union troops under Porter pushing to the south side of the Chickahominy and joining the main body of McClellan's army. The Union loss was more than 1,500. June 29th, fighting was renewed at a point between the battle field of Fair Oaks and Peach Orchard Stati' n. The fighting lasted five hours with terrible carnage and the Union troops fell back from Peach Orchard. While weakened by fatigue, the}' were attacked near Savage Station by a large and fresh body of rebels. The exhausted troops repulsed the attack and made several gallant charges. June 30th saw the commencement of the battle of White Oak Swamp or Glendale, which continued nearly the wliole day. The artillery firing was very effective. The Union troops fell back to the James River where the Union gunboats opened fire on the rebels. July 1st closed the figiitiug, the last battle taking place at Malvern Hill and lasting about two hours. The rebels were repulsed at every point and the base of ojjerations of the Union army was removed to the James River. The total Union loss in the seven days before Richmond was 15,224. June 25. — Slight actions occurred at Ger- mantowu, Tenn., and at Little Red River, Ark. — General Grant was placed in command of Western Tennessee. June 26. — Battle of Mechanicsville, Va. — The rebels burned several of their gunboats on the Mississippi. June 27. — Battle of Gaines' Mills, Va. — A skirmish took place at Village Creek, Ark., in which the Union force of Colonel Brackett lost two killed and 31 wounded. — ^A portion of the lower Mississippi fleet attacked and passed the rebel batteries at Vicksburg, Miss., losing 50 in killed and wounded. — Petitions were offered by the governors of 18 loyal States to the Pi'esident to call out more troops for the speedy suppres- sion of the rebelli(ni. — Skirmishes took pLice at William's Bridge, La., at White House, V^a., at Powhattan, and Moorefield, W. Y&. June 28. — Action on Golden's Farm. June 29. — Battle of Peach Orchard Station, ^'a., and Savage Station. — Skirmishes at Willis' Church. June 30. — Actions occurred at Luray, ^'a., at Fort Darling and Bottom's Bridge. July 1. — A cavalry skirmish without results occurred near Boonesville, Miss., and an action took -place at Morning Sun and Russellville, Tenn. July 2. — A cavalry action occurred at Mil- ford, Va. July 3. — City Point, Va., which had been made a shelter for rebel sharpshooters, was de- stroyed by the Union forces and a skirmish took place at Elvington Heights, Va. July 4. — -Activities on the James River in which a detachment of McClelland's command captured three small batteries and a rebel gun- boat was taken the same day.— A cavalry action took place at Grand Haze, Ark. — Maine cavalry engaged in an action at Sperryville, ^'^a. July 6. — At Grand Prairie, Ark., a slight skirmish took place. — At Bayou Cache, Ark., a Union force under Colonel Hovey, and a force of Texans under Albert Pike engaged in an action which had been brought on by a rebel attack on the Union force descending the White River and the assaulting party was routed with heavy loss. July 8.— Burnside united his command with that of McClellan. — A skirmiish took place at Black River, Mo. July 9. — Hawkin's Zouaves with the aid of LTnion gunboats captured Hamilton, N. C. — HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 41 Skirmishes took place at Aberdeen, Ark., and Tompkinsville, Ky. July 10.— An action occurred at Scatterville, Ark. July 11. — General Curtis' troops reached Helena, Ark. — Active movements took place at New Hope, Ky., and at Pleasant Hill, Mo. July 12. — Butler confiscated 5,000 negroes employed by the rebels on the Vicksburg canal. — At Fairmount, Mo., at Lebanon, Ky., and Culpepper, Va., military movements were in progress. July 13. — A rebel attack on Murfreesboro, Tenn., was made by about 4,000 rebel guerrillas' which resulted in the surrender of a Michigan regiment and the loss of a large number of Union soldiers ; $30,000 worth of Union arms and stores were destroyed by the guerrillas whose loss was proportionately heavy. Gener- als Crittenden and Duffield were captured. — An action took place at Fairfax, Va. July 14. — Pope assumed command of the Army of Virginia — John Morgan's guerrillas captured Cynthiana, Ky. — Miller's Union caval- ry routed the rebels near Fayetteville, Ark., with heavy loss. — A skirmish took place at Batesville, Ark. July 15. — General Blunt's troops defeated the rebels in Indian Territory. — The rebel iron clad, Arkansas, escaped the blockade of the Yazoo River and ran the gauntlet of the Union fleet on the Mississippi, taking refuge under the rebel batteries of Vicksburg; she threw a shell on the Tyler and killed several ^Wisconsin sol- diers. July 17. — A detachment from Pope's com- mand occupied Gordonsville, Va. — Activities at Cynthiana, Ky. July 18. — Actions took place at Newberg and Columbia, Tenn. — Near Memphis, Mo., the ' rebels were defeated in a skirmish. — An action took place at Trenton, Tenn. July 19. — Activities occurred at Booneville, Miss. July 22. — The canal at Vicksburg not prov- ing a success, the siege of the city was aband- oned to await the rise of the water in the fall. — A raid was niade into Florence, Ala., by rebel guerrillas. — Arrangements were made on the James River for the exchange of prisoners. — At Florida, Mo., the rebels defeated the Union troops under Major Caldwell and inflicted a loss of 26 men. — Movements occurred at Carmel Church and on the North Anna River, Va. — In a skirmisli near Decatur, Ala., the rebels were defeated, losing 40 killed and wounded. — Active movements occured at Sumnersville, Va., and a skirmish took jdace at Trinity, Ala. July 25. — A skirmish took place near Orange C. H., in whichthecommandof General Gibson inflicted a loss of 17 in killed and wounded on the rebels. — In a skirmish at Sante Fe, N. M., the 3rd Iowa Cavalry were engaged and skirm- ishes took place on Cortland Bridge, Ala., at Big Piney and Mountain Stone, Mo. July 26. — Movements took place at Madison, Va., and Richmond, Ky. — In a skirmish at Young's Cross Roads, N. C, two regiments of infantry and cavalry engaged in a skirmish. — Military operations occured at Greenville. Mo., and Buckhannon, W. Va. July 27. — At the mouth of the Arkansas River a quantity of river boats were captured by Curtiss' command. — Near Bolivar, Tenn., Captain Dollins' force routed a body of rebels, capturing 13 with slight loss. — Iowa cavalry skirmislied at Brown's Springs, Mo., and mili- tary movements occurred at Beaver Dam, Va. July 28. — In a battle at Moore's Mills, Mo., the rebels were defeated with a loss of 52 killed and 100 wounded, most of whom were left on the field ;> the Union loss was about 40 in killed and wounded. — Grand Junction, Miss., was 42 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL captured by the rebels. — Skirmishes took place at Bayou Bernard and Cherokee Nation. July 29. — At Brownsville, Tenn., Captain Dollin's command engaged in a fight and lost four killed and six wounded. — Humboldt, Tenn., was occupied by the rebels. — Skirmishes took place at Russellville, Ky., and movements were in progress at Luray, Va., and Bolinger's Mills, Mo. July 30. — A skirmish occurred at Paris, Ky. July 31. — Near Mount Sterling, Ky., an action took place in which 13 guerrillas were killed and 195 captured. — A gunboat action took place at Toggin's Point, Va. Aug. 1. — A skirmishing party from McClel- lan's command crossed the Potomac at Har- rison's landing and destroyed houses and woods whicli had sheltered rebel sharpshooters. — Skirmishes took place at Newark, Mo , and at Canton, Miss. Aug. 2. — Embarkation of Burnside's com- mand at Fortress Monroe for Acquia Creek, Va. — A reconnoitering expedition from Pope's com- mand occupied Orange C. H., Va., losing four killed and 12 wounded. — An indecisive action took place at Ozark, Mo. — A skirmish occurred in Coahoma county, Miss., in which the 11th Wisconsin was engaged. — At Austin, Miss., the 8th Indiana were engaged. Aug. 3. — 4,000 Union troops attacked the rebels near Memphis, Tenn., and were defeated with heavy loss. — Arrival of Burnside's expedi- tion at Acquia Creek. — Halleck ordered McClel- lan to leave the Peninsula. — Skirmishes and other activities occurred at Chariton Bridge, Mo., at Jonesboro and L'Anguille Ferry, Ark., and in the latter the 1st Wisconsin Cavalry was engaged. Aug. 4. — Activities occurred near Alexan- dria, La., on the White River, Ark., and, at Sycamore Church, Va., a cavalry force was en- gaged in a skirmish.--A draft of 300,000 men to serve for nine months was ordered, and an- other draft to fill the preceding call for 300,000 men. — Activities occurred at White Oak Swamp Bridge, Va., and Sparta, Tenn. Aug. 5. — A reconnoissance was made from Malvern Hill, Va., and another on the James River, which resulted in the withdrawal of the rebel fleet. — Near Baton Rouge, La., 7,000 rebels attacked 3,000 Lin ion troops under General Williams and retreated after six hours fighting with a loss of 600. — Near New Market, Ala., General Robert L. McCook, while bemg con- veyed in an ambulance, was attacked and shot and his death occurred the next day. Aug. 6. — The ram Arkansas was sunk by the Essex on the Mississippi River near Vicks- burg. — Stuart's troops captured 75 Union pris- oners near the Mattapony River, Va. — A por- tion of the Virginia Central railroad near Fredericksburg, with stores for the rebel army, was destroyed by a detachment from Burn- side's command. — Movements near Monticello, Mo., and at Beach Creek, Va., and Taswell, Tenn. — The 3rd Wisconsin engaged in a skir- mish at Montevallo, Mo. Aug. 7. — A skirmish occurred near Wolf- town, Va., and the rebels crossed the Rapidan at Bennett's Ford. — At Kirkville, Mo., a Union victory was obtained by the Union troops under Colonel McNeill.— The force of Colonel Faulk- ner routed the rebels near Trenton, Tenn., kill- ing 20 and wounding three. — At Fort Filmore, N. M., General Canby's troops worsted the rebels. — Orders were issued by Secretary Stan- ton for the arrest of persons interfering with enlistments ; he also prohibited persons liable to draft from leaving the country, their county or State and the same order suspended the writ of habeas corpus in such cases. — At Huntsville, Ala., General Rosseau ordered the arrest of 12 prominent secessionists, one of whom was placed on board each Union military train on account HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 43 of such trains being fired into by the rebels. — A rebel attack occurred at Portland, Mo., and a skirmish took place at Pantlier Creek, Mo. Aug. 9. — The rebels under Jackson, after two days march from the Rapidan, attacked the Union troops under Banks near Cedar Mountain, Va. The rebel advance was rapid and the mountain sides were soon occupied. About five o'clock p. m., the rebels pushed for- ward in strong force. Banks advancing to meet them and, by six o'clock the engagement had become general. The battle was very severe and lasted for over an hour and a half, when it was terminated by darkness, although a desultory artillery fire continued throughout the night. General Banks barely maintained his position but, at daylight on the following morning, the rebels fell back two miles and the attack was not resumed. The Union lo.ss was about 1,500 in killed, wounded and missing, including 200 prisoners, among the latter being General Prince and among the wounded Generals Augur and Geary. The rebel loss was equally heavy. — Rear Admiral Farragut destroyed Donaldsonville, La., the rebels hav- ing fired on the Union vessels from the shelter of the liouses. — Movement took place at Cul- pepper, Va. — A rebel attack by General Stevens on General De Courcey, took place at Tazewell, Tenn., and was repulsed with heavy loss to the assailants. The Union loss was three killed, 15 wounded and 57 prisoners. — Skirmishes took place at Stockton, Mo. Aug. 10. — An action took place at Neuces, Texas. Aug. 11. — At Kinderhook, Tenn., Colonel McGowan's force had a skirmish with the rebels under Anderson, killing seven and capturing 27 prisoners. — At Compton's Ferry, Mo., a skirmish took place. — At Clarendon, Ark., Gen- eral Hovey with six regiments defeated a supe- rior rebel force, capturing 600 and the loss of life on both sides was heavy. — From Corinth, Miss., General Grant issued an order prohibit- ing the return of fugitive slaves. — General But- ler at New Orleans, by order, confiscated the property of John Slidell, rebel envoy to France, and disarmed all male citizens. — Skirmishes took place at Taborville, Ark., and at Indepen- dence, Mo., and Salisbury, Tenn.— The 2nd Wisconsin Cavalry skirmished at and about Helena, Ark. Aug. 12.— Near Gallatin, Tenn., Union troops under Colonel Miller defeated the band of the guerrilla, Morgan, killing six and wounding many. — General .Jackson's command, having fallen back after the battle of Cedar Mountain, a body of Pope's cavalry under Buford started in pursuit and on Aug. 13. — An indecisive skirmish occurred not far from Cedar Mountain. — Rebel guerrillas under (^uantrell and Hughes took posses.sion of Independence, Mo., and Morgan's raiders were again beaten near Williamsport, Tenn. — In a steamboat collision on the Potomac, 80 Union soldiers were lost. — Activities took place at Swansboro, N. C, and also at Clarendon, Ark. — Draft ordered to begin Sept. 1st. Aug. 14. — General Breckenridge, by order of ^'an Dorn of the rebel army, threatened to raise the black flag. — The entire army of the Poto- mac was in motion under McClellan to evacu- ate the peninsula. Aug. 15. — At Merriweather's Landing, Tenn., Union troops under Colonel T. W. Harris, de- feated a force of rebels under Captain Banfield, killing and wounding 20 and capturing 9 pris- oners. — By General Order No. 107, issued from the U. S. War Department " no officer or pri- ate soldier might, without proper authority, leave his colors or ranks to take private pro- perty or enter a private house under penalty of death." Aug. 16. — An engagement took place at 44 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL Lone Jack, Mo., between tlie Union forces under Major Foster and the rebels, the former's loss being 160 in killed and wounded and the lat- ter's 110. — Union garrison at Baton Rouge was withdrawn. — The evacuation of Harrison's Landing, Va., was completed by McClellan's army, his retreat having been concealed by false feints ; his advance (on the retreat) reached Williamsburg, Va., and, on the following day, Hampton, Va., by which time his rear guard had safely crossed the Chickahoniinj'. — The 1st Lousiana Infantry (Union) was organized at New Orleans. — Skirmishes occurred at Haines Bluff, Miss., and Hopkinsville, Ky. Aug. 18. — A guerrilla force under Morgan cut off railroad communication with the North. — The 58th and 76th Ohio Infantry captured the rebel steamer Fair Play at Milliken's Bend, La. — At Red Wood, Minn., a company of the 5th Minnesota Infantry was massacred by Indians. Aug. 19.— At Clarksville, Tenn., the 71st Ohio, Colonel Rodney Mason commanding, surrendered to an inferior force of rebels with- out firing a gun ; the officers were held re- sponsible. — In an action near Hickman, Ky., a rebel force was defeated with a loss of four kdled and 19 captured ; the 2d Illinois Cavalry were engaged and two soldiers were wounded. — Skirmish at Rienzi, Miss. Aug. 20. — A Union force under Major Price ■ routed the rebels near Union Mills, Mo. -At Edgefield .Junction, Tenn., a troop of Morgan's guerrillas were defeated. — An important cavalry fight occurred at Brandy Station, Va. Aug. 21. — At Pinckney Island, S. C, a skirm- ish took place in which tiie Union force lost 10 killed and wounded and 32 prisoners. — The army under Rosecrans left Corinth for luka. — In a fight with Indians at Fort Ridgely, Minn., two companies of the 5th Minnesota and the Renville Rangers were engaged at intervals for two days. — The cavalry of the Army of Vir- ginia engaged in an action at Kelley's Ford, Va.— Military movements occurred at Bowling Green, Ky. Aug. 22.— Near Gallatin, Ky., 800 Union troops under General Johnson attacked a large force of Morgan's cavalry and were defeated ; 100 Union soldiers were killed, 64 wounded and so many taken prisoners that scarcely one half the force returned to their rendezvous. — Arrival of McClellan's command at Alexandria. — The 42nd Illinois engaged in a skirmish at Cort- land, Tenn. — At Crab Orchard, Ky., the 9th Pennsylvania Cavalry engaged in an action. Aug. 23. — Artillery firing along the Rappa- hannock induced General Pope to fall back. — A skirmish took place at Catlett's Station, Va. — Skirmishes occurred at Big Hill, Ky., and the actions on the Rappahannock were at Waterloo Bridge, Lee's Springs, Freeman's Ford and Sulphur Springs, Va., and the latter actions covered three days. Aug. 24. — Military actions took place at La- mar, Dallas, and Cape Girardeau, Mo. Aug. 25. — A rebel attack on Fort Donelson, Tenn., was repulsed by four companies of the 71st Ohio Infantry and the 5th Iowa Cavalry. — At Bloomfield, Mo., the ISth Illinois Cavalry was engaged in a skirmish. — At New Ulm, Minn., an Indian fight occurred and military movements took place at Shelby Farm, Va. ; the former continued two days to Aug. 26. — The rebels under Ewell, numbering 10.000, drove in the Union pickets at Manassas Junc- tion, overpowered the force at Bull Run Bridge and pushed on towards Alexandria. — Rebel works destroyed at City Point, Va. — An action occui-red at Cumberland Iron works, Tenn., in which the 71st Ohio Infantry and 5th Iowa Cavalry were engaged. — A cavalry engagement took place at Madisonville and Harrodsburg, Ky., and another cavalry fight occurred at HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 45 Rienzi and Kossuth, Miss., in wliich the 2n(i Iowa and 7th Kansas Cavahy were engaged. Aug. 27. — Pope marclied northward from Warrenton Junction and Iiis forces, wliich had been joined by Hooker's division, encountered Ewell at Kettle Run. Tiie fighting continued until dark and a Union victory resulted. — A skirmish took place at Battle Creek, Tenn., and at Waterford, Mi.ss.— The 33rd Ohio Infantry engaged in a skirmish at Fort McCook, Ala. Aug. 28. — At Readyville, Tenn., the command of Colonel Murphy defeated the rebels under Forrest. — Near Centerville, Va., an attack by the rebels under Jackson on the troops under Mc- Dowell and Sigel was repulsed with a loss of many prisoners and heavy casualties in killed and wounded. — A cavalry fight took place at Shady Springs, Va. — A movement occurred at Hernando, Miss. Aug. 29. — Second battle of Groveton and Gainesville, Va. An advance was made on the troops of Jackson and Longstreet by those of General Sigel. The engagement became gen- eral about half past six in the morning and before noon the Union position became critical, when the commands of Kearney and Reno ar- rived and in the afternoon the force of Hooker arrived and at six at night the victory was with the Union troops, the enemy falling back after having lost heavily and inflicting severe loss. — On this date the battle of Richmond, Va., begun. General Monson's brigade, Army of the Ohio, attempted to check the advance of the rebels under Kirby Smith and a two days battle ensued ; the fighting on August 29th was favor- able to the Union force ; the action of the second daj' resulted in the withdrawal of the Union force with a loss of 200 killed, 700 wounded and 2,000 prisoners, the estimated rebel loss being 750 in killed and wounded. — Two com- panies of the 18th Ohio and one of the 9th Indiana engaged in a .skirmish at Manchester, Tenn. Aug. 30.— Second battle of Bull Run. The troops of Heintzelman, Porter, McDowell and Banks under Pope, were engaged with the whole rebel armj^ under Lee on the historic field of Bull Run and were defeated, the Union loss being 800 killed, 4,000 wounded and 2,000 prisoners ; the rebel loss in killed and wounded being 3,700.— Near Bolivar, Tenn., a Union force under Colonel Leggett engaged 400 rebel cavalry, and for seven hours the Union troops repulsed every charge. They were reinforced and the rebels withdrew, the Union troops also falling back within their picket lines. The Union loss was five killed, IS wounded and 64 missing. — A hot action took place at McMinn- ville, Tenn., and at Buckhannon, Va. Aug. 31. — Bayou Sarah, La., was burned by the crew of the Essex, the inhabitants having fired on the vessel. — Activities occurred at Weston, W. Va., and at Stevenson, Ala. ; the 94th Ohio was engaged at Yates' Ford, Ky., and, at Toomb's Station, Tenn., the 54th Illi- nois and 7th Missouri had a fight. Sept. 1. — A rebel attack was made on Ger- mantown, A^a., which was repulsed and a simi- lar affair at Chantilly met with a similar result ; the fig4iling in both places was very severe, General Kearney was killed and General Stevens and the rebels were driven a mile, leav-' ing theii- dead and wounded. — At Britton's Lane, Tenn., the force of Colonel Dennis fought the rebels four hours, whose total loss was 400 ; the Union loss was five killed, 78 wounded and 92 missing. — Burnside's army evacuated Fred- ericksburg, \'a. — The Union forces evacuated Lexington, Ky. — A rebel attack on Louisville was anticipated and tlie alarm in Cincinnati and Covington, Ky., was great; the entire male population of the latter place was organized into companies for service under General Lew 46 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL Wallace. — Near Natchez, Miss., a series of movements were commenced which occupied 16 days, and a skirmish took place at Paris, Ky. Sept. 2. — In a skirmish near Plymouth, N. C, the rebels were defeated. — Near Slaughters- ville, Ky., a cavalry force gained a Union vic- tory.— A cavalry skirmish took place at Mor- gansville, Ky. — The 1st Minnesota was in- volved in a skirmish at Vienna, Va. Sept. 3. — All the troops of tlie Army of A'^ir- ginia were brought within McClellan's lines. Pope submitted the report of his campaign, blaming several of his subordinates for his de- feat and asking to be relieved of his command ; he was assigned to the Department of the North- west. — Indian fights occurred at Acton and Hutchinson, Minn., and also at Fort Abercrom- bie, D. T. — A cavalry action took place at Geiger Lake, Ky. Sept. 4. — The northward movement of Lee's troops commenced, his army crossing the Poto- mac near Poolsville, Md., in force, and Governor Curtin called out the militia force of Pennsyl- vania to repel the invasion of that State. — Kirby Smith at Lexington, Ky., ordered the acceptance of the confederate money at face value. — At Cumberland Gap, Tenn., a rebel defeat occurred. Sept. 5. — McClellan's forces moved, from Washington to the upper Potomac on the Mary- land side. Sept. 6. — The advance of Lee's army reached Frederick, Md. — At Washington, N. C, the Union garrison was surprised and the attacking party was driven out, the Union loss being eight killed and 36 wounded, and the rebel loss being five times as great. During the engage- ment, the magazine of a LTnion gunboat ex- ploded, killing and wounding 18. — In an action near Martinsburg, Va., a Union victory occurred and 50 rebels were captured. — Buell's troops, numbering 24,000, occupied Nashville, Tenn., in anticipation of the rebel force under General Hood, which was moving northward. — Clarkes- ville, Tenn., was retaken and 15,000 rebels driven out. — Union troops occupied Covington and Newport, Ky., preparatory to the defense of Cincinnati.— The Alabama captvired the Oc- mulgee, her first victory as a privateer. — The 1st New York Cavalry engaged in a skirmish at Cacapon Bridge, Va. — A cavalry fight occurred at LaGrange, Ark. — At Olathe, Mo., and at Chap- mansville, W. Va., skirmishes took place. Sept. 7. —General Banks was assigned to the command of the fortifications around Wash- ington and McClellan took the field at the head of the army of the Potomac. — The rebels occupied Frederick, Md., in force. — Acquia Creek, Va., was evacuated by the Union troops. — At Martinsburg, Va., a rebel attack was made on General White and repulsed with heavy loss. The Union loss was two killed and 10 wounded. — Rebels captured Shepherds ville, Ky., taking 85 Union prisoners. — Tlie 3rd Indiana and 8th Illinois Cavalry engaged in a skirmish at Poole.«- ville, Md.— At Clarkesville, Tenn., the 11th Illinois, 13th Wisconsin, 71st Ohio Infantry, with the 5th Iowa Cavalry and two batteries engaged in a fight.— The army of McClellan reached Rockville, Md. Sept. 9. — Stuart's cavalry received a repulse at Edward's Ferry, Va., with a loss of 90 men. — An unsuccessful attempt was made by the rebels to capture Williamsburg, Va. — The 42nd Illinois engaged in a skirmish at Columbia, Tenn. — A cavalry action took place at Nolansville, Md., and a fight occurred at Des Allemands, La. Sept. 10.— At Fayette C. H., W. Va., 5,000 rebels attacked the Union garrison, who cut their way through and escaped, losing 100 in killed and wounded. — Gauley Bridge, Va., was evacuated by the Union troops. — The gunboat Essex bombarded Natchez in retaliation for having been fired into and the city surrendered. HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 47 — Colonel Griersoii's men attacked the Union force near Coldwater, Miss., and inflicted a loss of four killed and 30 wounded. Sept. 11. — Pennsylvania militia occupied the Cumberland valley in Pennsylvania and Mary- land. — New Market, Va., and Sugar Loaf Mount- ain, Md., were occupied by Union troops. — Rebels took posession of Hagerstown, Md., Maysville, Ky., and Bloomfield, Mo. — Activities took place at Cotton Hill, W. Va., and Ridge- ville. — Business in Cincinnati was suspended and citizens were in readiness for military duty, rebel movements in Kenton County, Ky., caus- ing much apprehension. Sept. 12. — McClellan's advance entered Fred- erick, Md. — A sharp fight occurred near Middle- town, Md., the Union loss being 80. — West- minster, Md., was abandoned by the rebels. — Bloomfield, Mo., was retaken by the Union troops. — A military movement took place at Charlestown, W. V^a., which was evacuated by the Union forces, the ofticer in command being unable to hold the position on account of the withdrawal of the forces to aid in the expulsion of the rebels from Maryland. — Colonel Ford abondoned his position at Maryland Heights. — The rebels demanded a surrender of Mun- fordsville, Ky. — An action took place at New- tonia and at Palmyra, Mo. Sept. 14. — Capture of Harper's Ferry by the rebels, Colonel Miles surrendering the garrison, comprising 11,000 prisoners and a large amount of arms and ammunition, the commandant being killed. — McClellan's army overtook the rebels at South Mountain, Md.; Burkettsville Gap was occupied and, in the action which ensued, the loss on both sides was very heavy, the Union army losing 443 killed and 1,806 wounded; the rebel loss was 500 killed, 2,343 wounded and 1,500 prisoners. — The advance of Longstreet reached Boonesboro, Md. — Mun- fordsville, Ky., surrendered to the rebels, the gar- ri.son of 4,000 defending the place until the ammunition was exhausted. — Three New Eng- land regiments engaged in an action at Pon- chatoula. La.— Activities took place at Bacon Creek, Ky., at Fayette, W. Va., and at Bolivar, Va. Sept. 15. — Rebel pursuit at Boonesboro, Md. — The rebels in front of Cincinnati fell back to Florence, Ky. — 8,000 rebels attempted to de- stroy the railroad bridge across the Green River, and were repulsed after 20 hours fight- ing with heavy loss. — Actions took place at Shelburne, Mo., and Paris, Ky. Sept. 17. — Battle of Antietam. The forces en- gaged on each side numbered about 100,000 men ; the fighting began about daylight and raged until dark, the rebels being driven late in the day and during the night they retreated. General Mansfield was killed and Richardson and Rodman were .seriously wounded. Hooker, Meagher, Hartsuff, Sumner, Sedgwick, French, Ricketts, Dana and Dur\'ea were wounded. Mc- Clellan's report made the Union loss 2,010 killed, 9,416 wounded and 1,043 missing. He placed the rebel loss at more than 25,000. The rebels lost 40 flags and 13 guns, and no Union flag or gun was captured by the rebels. — Kirby Smith retired his foi'ces from Florence, Ky., to join General Bragg and a slight skirmish occurred. — In a skirmish at Falmouth, Ky., one Union soldier was wounded. — A rebel defeat oc- curred near Burhamville, Tenn. — Cumberland Gap, Tenn., was evacuated by the Union troops, who rendered the gap impassable before leav- ing it. — Kilpatrick defeated the rebels at Lees- burg, Va. — Active movements took place at St. Johns, Fla., and at Goose Creek, Va. Sept. 18. — Rebel evacuation of Sharpesburg, Md. — The citizens of Hagerstown, Md., assisted in burying the dead on the field of Antietam. Sept. 19. — The rebels evacuated Harper's Ferry, leaving 300 sick and wounded, and de- 48 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL stroyiiig all government stores. — Rebel defeat at Owensburg, Ky. — Military action at Hickory Grove, Mo. Sept. 19. — Late iu the afternoon Rosecrans attacked Price south of luka, Miss., and a sharp fight followed. The fighting was re- sumed in the morning and resulted in a Union victory. The Union loss was 135 killed and 507 wounded.— Near Shirley's Ford, Mo., the Union troops under Colonel Ritchie defeated the rebels, who lost about 60 in killed and wounded. Sept. 20. — Actions occurred at Sheppard- town, Va., Helena, Ark., and Williamsport, Md. — At Bolivar, Miss., the Queen of the West with several transports and tlie 33rd Illinois regiment, engaged in an action. Sept. 21.— At Blackford's Ford, Va., a con- siderable action occurred. Colonel Barnes commanding a brigade, crossed the Potomac without orders and, being attacked by a super- ior force of rebels, was forced to retire, sustain- ing a loss of about 50 in killed and wounded and missing. — Union cavalry under Colonel McCook drove the rebels out of Munfordsville Ky., and occupied the place. — At Shepherds- ville, Ky., Colonel Granger defeated the rebels, killing five and capturing 28. — A cavalry skir- mish occurred at Cassville, Mo. Sept. 22. — President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation. — General Nelson, in command of Louisville, Ky., ordered the women and children to leave the city iu antici- pation of rebel attack and declared martial law. — The rebels were defeated at Sturgeon, Mo., by the Union force under Captain Cunningham. — Colonel R. B. Price's troops defeated Lieuten- ant-Colonel Green's rebel force at Ashley's Gap, Va., capturing three prisoners, among them the commander. Sept. 23. — The 55th Ohio Infantry engaged in an action at Wolf Creek Bridge, Miss. — An action occurred at Sutton, Va. — Minnesota troops engaged in a fight at Wood Lake, Minn. Sept. 24. — General Buell with his troops arrived at Louisville, Ky. — Movements took place at Sabine Pass, Ark. Sept. 26.— The U. S. Ram, Queen of the West and two transports having been fired into by the rebels at Prentiss, Miss., (seven having been killed and many wounded,) the town was shelled and burned. — Actions occurred at Cam- bridge, Mo., and Warrenton Junction, Va. Sept. 27. — Six hundred rebel cavalry raided Augusta, Ky., defended by 120 Union soldiers, nine of whom were killed and 15 wounded be- fore they surrendered ; the town was fired ; the rebel loss was 90 killed and wounded. — An action occurred at Buffalo, W. Va. Sept. 28. — Military movements took place at Black water, Va. Sept. 29.— At Louisville, Ky., Jeff C. Davis shot General Nelson under great provocation, was arrested and released without trial. — Rebel activities occurred at Sharpesburg, Md. Sept. 30. — At Newtonia, Mo., the Union troops under General Solomon were defeated with a loss of 50 killed and wounded and the capture of 100 prisoners. — A rebel defeat oc- curred at Russelville, Ky., and a loss of 45 was inflicted. — A skirmish took place at Ship- ping Point, Va., and activities occurred at New- port, Ky., Grayson and Bluft'ton, Ark. Oct. 1. — Buell's army left Louisville, Ky., to encounter the rebels under Bragg. — At Galla- tin, Tenn., the command of ('olonel Stokes de- feated a I'ebel force, killing 40, wounding many and capturing 39. — Pleasanton's cavalry crossed the Potomac at Shepherdstown, Va., notwith- standing the resistance of Wade Hampton's cavalry, losing 12 wounded and three prisoners ; the rebel loss was 60 killed and wounded and nine jjrisoners. — Skirmishes occurred at Mar- tinsburg, Va., and Batchelor Creek, N. C. HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 49 Oct. 2. — Rebel evacuation of Shelbyville, Ky. — General Bragg occuj^ied Lexington, Ky. — Skirmishes occured at Olive Hill, Ky., and Hamilton, N. C, also at Floyd's Fork, Ky., and Baldwin, Miss. — Morgan's cavalry assaulted the Carter County Home Giuards and was repulsed with a loss of 20. — General Morgan (Union) ar- rived at Greensburg on the Ohio River. -:-At Franklin on the Black Water River, Va., the lltli Pennsylvania Cavalry defeated a body of rebels. — A rebel fort was captured in a gunboat expedition up the St. John's River, Fla. Oct. 3. — On this date a succession of engage- ments took place near Corinth, Miss. ; 28,000 rebels under Van Dorn, Price and Lovell at- tacked the Union defenses and drove the troops of Ord, Hurlbut and Leach into the town. The battle was renewed on the 4tli and before noon the rebels were retreating in disorder. The Union loss was 315 killed, 1,812 wounded and 232 missing ; the rebel loss was 1,423 killed and 5,692 wounded, with 2,268 prisoners in- cluding 137 officers; colors, artillery, small arms, ammunition, accoutrements, wagons, etc., were captured by the Lhiion troops in great qifantity. Oct. 4. — Bardstown, Ky., was evacuated by the rebels and occupied by Crittenden's corps. — Lexington, Ky., evacuated by the rebels. — Galveston, Texas, was occupied by the Union troops. Oct. 5. — Battle of Hatchie River. Generals Ord and Hurlbut overtook and whipped the rebels, capturing 289 prisoners and quantities of spoils, losing about 500 in killed and wounded and continuing the pursuit. — Rebel defeat at Fayetteville, Ark. — Occupation of Jacksonville, Fla., by Union troops.— Activities occurred at Glasgow, Ky., Fort Point and Leesburg, Ky., and Pawpaw and Galveston, Texas, and at Madisonville, Ky. Oct. 6. — At Lavergne, Tenn., the rebels open- ed an artillery fire and were silenced by Palmer's brigade ; the infantry became engaged and the rebels fled in wild disorder after a fight of 30 minutes, losing 80 in killed and wounded; the Lhiion loss was 18 killed, wounded and missing. — A cavalry action occurred at Charleston, \a. — General Buell with a large Union force rein- forced Crittenden at Bardstown, Ky. Oct. 7. — Rebel guerrillas under Quantrell and Childs were defeated near Sibley's Land- ing, Mo. Oct. 8. — Battle of Perryville. Bragg's troops attacked the corps of General McGook, whose force under Rousseau and Jackson, numbered 14,000, the confederate army being much stronger. The rebels retreated, fleeing in the night towards Harrodsburg, Ky. The Union loss exceeded 3,200 in killed, wounded and missing, while the rebel loss was 1,200 killed and 3,000 wounded besides 200 prisoners. Oct. 9. — In a battle near Lawrenceburg, Ky., Colonel Parrott's Union troops defeated the rebels with considerable loss and lost six killed and 18 wounded. — The rebel Stuart ordered an invasion of Pennsylvania. — At Aldie, Va., a cavalry skirmish occurred. Oct. 10.— J. E. B. Stuart with 1,800 cavalry crossed the Potomac at McCoy's Creek, captured the horses of the videttes, surprised and cap- tured the signal station between Hancock and Hagerstown, passed Mercersburg at noon and reached Chambersburg, Va., at dark. The town surrendered to Wade Hampton's force ; about 300 sick and w'ounded soldiers were paroled and property seized. — On the 11th, the rebels evacuated Chambersburg and proceeded to Emmettsburg, doing all mischief possible along the B. & O. track. On the 12th, they passed through Hagerstown and charged Stone- man's troops near Poolesville, driving them across the Monocacy. They advanced to White's Ford and recrossed the Potomac and the Union 50 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL troops arrived just in time to witness the ar- rival of the last rebel raider on the opposite side of the river. — The rebels were driven by General Schofield across the Missouri line into Arkansas. — An Indian fight occurred on the upper Missouri. — A skirmish took place at Han- erville, Va. Oct. 11. — Near Helena, Ark., the rebels were defeated by the command of Major Rector. — Nashville, Tenn., was threatened by a large rebel force. — An action took place at La Grange, Ark., and a gunboat fight took place on the Cape Fear River, N. C. — Activity of Stoneman's troops on the Monocacy and an action at Caca- pone Bridge, ^^a. Oct. 12. — An action occurred at Hyattstown, Md., and Darnestown, Ky. Oct. 13. — A slight skirmish took place at Paris, Xa.. Oct. 14. — In a fight at Stanford, Ky., 14 rebels were taken jijrisoners and several killed. — Skirmishes occurred at Hazel Bottom, Mo., and Caseyville, Ky. Oct. 15. — A company of the 7th Pennsylva- nia Cavalry, under Lieutenant Williams, de- feated the rebels in a skirmish near Carsville, Va. — At Taylor's Bayou, Fla., a naval engage- ment occurred. Oct. 16. — In a reconnoissance near Charles- ton, Va., the Union loss was one killed and eight wounded ; the rebel loss was greater. Oct. 17 — An action occurred on the Tennes- see shore opposite Island No. 10, in which the attacking force of rebels were defeated with a loss of 15 men, including the leader, who were taken prisoners. The action occurred after dark and the rebels fired on each other. — One hun- dred rebels surrendered to General Stahel at Thoroughfare Gap, Ga. — A skirmish occurred at Sabine Cross Roads, La. Oct. 18. — Morgan's cavalry dashed into Lex- ington, Ky., and out again, killing six and capturing 120. — Quantrell raided and burned Shawneetown, Kansas. — A cavalry engagement took place at Hay market, Va. — An infantry ac- tion occurred at Helena, Ark. Oct. 19. — A brigade of Union troops at- tacked Forrest's cavalry near Nashville, Tenn., dispersing the force and capturing prison- ers . and supplies. The 78th Pennsylvania was conspicuous in the action for their bravery. — At Gallatin, Tenn., and at Commerce in the same State, military movements occurred. Oct. 20. — Morgan's guerrillas captured a wagon train near Bardstown, Ky. — At Marsh- field, Mo., the 10th Illinois Cavalry skirmished with the rebels and a Missouri Cavalry regi- ment were in action on the Anxvois River, Mo. Oct. 21. — The rebel forces in West Mrginia left the Kanawha Valley and went into East Tennessee after destroying the salt works.— An expedition was sent into Loudon county, Va., by General Slocum and 32 rebel cavalry were captured, including their captain ; 15 rebels were injured. — At Woodville, Tenn., a detach- ment of the 2nd Illinois cavalry under Cap- tain -J. .J. Mudd, captured 40 rebels, 100 horses and a number of mules. — An Indian fight oc- curred at Fort Cobb, I. T. Oct. 22. — General Terry made an unsuccess- ful attempt to capture the Charleston efe Savan- nah railroad. — A large force of Union troops, composed of Eastern regiments, had a fight with Beauregard's troops near Pocotaligo, S. C, and lost 30 killed and 180 wounded. The 47th Pennsylvania suffered heavily. — General Bragg escaped from Iventucky to Tennessee without fighting. — At Maysville in Northwestern Ar- kansas, General Blunt routed 5,000 rebels after an hour's fight and captured all their artillery, many horses and part of the rebel transporta- tion and garrison equipments. — The 4th Penn- sylvania Cavalry skirmished at Hedgeville, Va. HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 51 Oct. 23.— At VVaverly, Tenn., the 83rd Illi- nois defeated the rebels, losing one killed and five wounded, and killing, wounding and capturing 70.— At Shelby Depot, Tenn., Colonel Stuart witli the 55tli Illinois made a reconnois- sance and defeated a rebel force. — A cavalry engagement under E. McCook took place at Point Lick, Ky. — Military movements took place at Warrenton, Va., and Indian River, Fla. Oct. 24. — In a skirmish at Grand Prairie, Mo., the rebels were defeated, the Union loss being three wounded.- A cavalry engagement took place at Catlett's Station, Va., and General Terry's troops skirmished at Blackwater, ^'a. — An unimportant action occurred at Morgan- town, Ky. Oct. 25. — A skirmish took place near Man- nassas Junction, Yii., in which 17 Union sol- diers were captured. — The Army of the Potomac began to move to a position east of the Blue Ridge. Oct. 26. — A bodyof rebels under Gen. Henry A. Wise of Virginia moved from Richmond along the peninsula. — Activities occurred at St. Mary's River, Fla., and at Donaldsonville, La., and Indianola, Texas. Oct. 27. — Burnside's command crossed the Potomac. — General Pleasanton's cavalry drove the rebels at Snicker's Gap., Va. — General Weit- zel's troops met the rebels at Labadieville, on Bayou LaFourche, La., on the way from Donald- sonville, La., and routed them in an infantry charge lasting half an hour ; the Union loss was 18 killed, 74 wounded, and the rebels lost six killed, 15 wounded and 208 prisoners. — At Pittman's Ferry, Mo., the command of Colonel Lewis defeated the rebels, killing several and capturing 40 prisoners. Oct. 28.— At Fayetteville, Ark., Colonel Her- ron, commanding two Union cavalry regiments, attacked a superior force, the rebels executing a hasty retreat after an hour and abandoning their camp equipage and wagons ; five Union soldiers wei'e wounded. — Skirmishes occurred at Clarkson, Mo., and at William-sburg, Ky. Oct. 29. — In a cavalry skirmish near Peters- burg, Va., the rebel cavahy under Stuart de- feated a body of Union troops under Iswick. — Near Butler, Mo., Colonel Seaman's force en- gaged the rebels and captured 16 with 200 head of cattle. — Fire at Harper's Ferry. Oct. SO.^Buell was superseded by Rose- crans in command of the 14th Army Corps. — Burnside's troops joined the command of Sigel near Mannassas Junction, Va. — Leesburg, Xix., was occupied by Stoneman's division. — General Mitchell died at Port Royal, S. C. Oct. 31. — Further movements of the Army of the Potomac in \'irginia near Berlin. — Pleasanton's cavalry occupied all tlie gaps in the Blue Ridge. — Cavalry movement at Aldie and Maysville, Va., and also at Franklin. Nov. 1. — General Pleasanton's cavalry en- gaged in a five hour's skirmish at Philomont, Va., and lost one killed and 14 wounded and occupied the position. Pleasanton sent a force after the retreating rebels and overtook them near Bloomfield, where another skirmish oc- curred. — At Germantown, Tenn., a skirmish occurred and detachments of Union troops participated in activities at Pungo River, Swan's Quarter and Middletown, N. C. Nov. 2. — Pleasanton's cavalry drove the rebels bej^ond Union, Va. — The batteries of Hancock's command drove the rebels from and took possession of Snicker's Gap, Va. — An expedition under Foster left Newbern, N. C. Nov. 3. — Reconnoissance through Snicker's Gap ; a skirmish followed in which the Union cavalry drove the rebels in confusion across the Shenandoah River. After four hour's fight Pleasanton's cavalry occupied Upperville, Xa,. — General Stahel's cavalry drove the rebels out of Thoroughfare Gap, Va. — Among the hills of 52 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL Webster county, Ky., Colonel Foster's men captured 25 prisoners, horses and war material, killed tliree rebels and wounded two without loss. — Skirmishes .occurred at Rawle's Mills, N. C, and a gunboat action occurred at Bayou Teche, La. — A cavalry action took place at Harrisonville, Mo., and unimportant move- ments occurred at Ripley and Orizeba, Miss., and also at Belle River. Nov. 4.— Occupation of Ashley's Gap, Va., by the Army of the Potomac. — Foster's expedi- tion occupied Hamilton, N. C. — Actions oc- curred at Bolivar, Va., and King's Baj', N. C. Nov. 5.— McClellan superseded by General Burnside. — At New Baltimore, Xa., 1,500 Union soldiers drove the rebels. — Near Barbour, Va., Pleasanton and Stuart had a cavalry figlit and the rebels fell back.— Near Nashville, Tenn., a general skirmish took place and the rebels re- treated. — Twenty-five hundred guerrillas under Morgan made a dash on Colonel Snick's camp, north of Cumberland, Tenn., and received a repulse. — At Piketon, Ky., the rebels were routed with a loss of 80 prisoners and a quan- tity of war material. — A cavalry action took place near Greenville, Ky. Nov. (). — Warrenton, Va., was occupied by Reynold's command ; prisoners were taken and army supplies. — Skirmishes took place at Leatherwood and Garrettsburg, K)'. Nov. 7. — An unsuccessful rebel attack was made upon Bayard's command at Rappahan- nock Station. — General I^urnside assumed com- mand of the Army of the Potomac and Gen- eral McClellan issued his farewell address. — The first enlistment of negro troops took place at Port Royal, S. C. — Movements at Beaver Creek, Mo. — An action took place at Lagrange, Ark. Nov. 8.— The 5th U. S. Cavalry under Lieu- tenant Ashe, charged the rebels near Gaines' Cross Roads, Va.; eight Union soliders were wounded ; a number of confederates were killed and five of their wounded taken prisoners. — General Fitz .John Porter was ordered to Wash- ington to answer charges preferred against him by- General Pope. — The Union troops under Colonel Lee defeated the rebels at Hudsonville, Miss., killing 16 and capturing 175 prisoners. — An unimportant action took place near Mari- anna, Ark., in which the Union troops were com- manded by Captain Perkins. The Union loss was one wounded ; the rebels lost five and sev- eral wounded. — The advance of Rosecrans' army reached Gallatin, Tenn. — A cavalry en- gagement occun-ed at Hudsonville, Miss. Nov. 9. — Tlie Union troops under Captain Uiric Dahlgren made a dash into Frederick- town, ^'^a., and captured two wagon loads of grey cloth, etc. The Union loss was one killed and four missing; the rebels lost three killed, several wounded and 39 prisoners. — A portion of Grant's army occupied LaGrange, Tenn. — ■ General Butler confiscated all the propertj' in LaFourche, La., recently taken possession of by U. S. troops, promising protection, however, to loyal citizens in liolding their own property; that of rebels was to be worked for and on ac- count of the United States. — St. Mary's, Fla., was shelled and burned by the U. S. gunboat Mohawk for treachery of the inhabitants in fir- ing on the ship after communicating under flag of truce. — Activities occurred at Halltown, Va. Nov. 11. — Near LaGrange, Tenn., Colonel Lee in command of Kentucky and Michigan cavalry, captured 134 rebels, killing 16 and losing two men. — Near Garrettsburg, Ky., Gen- eral Ransom's expedition captured a rebel force and lost three killed and 17 M'ounded and the defeat ended in a rout, the rebels being driven out of Kentucky. — Morgan's guerrillas were defeated near Lebanon, Tenn. — Near Hunts- ville, Tenn., the Tennessee Home Guards under HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. Captain Duncan defeated the rebels.— General McGlellan retired to Ne\r Jersey. — Heavy ex- change of prisoners ; tlie rebels surrendered three brigadiers, 18 colonels, 19 lieutenant- colonels, 431 cajitains and 545 lieutenants and received 27 colonels, 17 lieutenant-colonels, 4G7 captains, 1,085 lieutenants and the exchange of privates was about 21,000 and a balance of 6,000 privates was due the Tnited States. — Action at Newbern, N. C. Nov. 12. — Hooker assumed conunanil of the 5th Army Corps. — At Holly Springs, Miss., the 2nd Illinois, 2nd Iowa, ord Michigan and 7th Kansas Cavalry under Colonel Lee occupied Holly Springs after a skirmish in which four rebels were killed. — A skirmish occurred near White Sulphur Springs, Xa. Nov. 13. — At Calhoun, La., a slight action occurred. Nov. 14. — A Union force passed Snicker's Gap, Va. Nov. 15. — Warrenton, Va., was evacuated by the rebels and occupied by the Army of the Potomac. — In an artillery skirmish near Fay- etteville, Va., the troops of Sturgis engaged the rebel batteries. Nov. 17.— Burnside's troops occupied Fal- mouth, Va. — At Cove Creek, N. C, the 3rd New York Cavalry had a severe fight and the Union flying artillery shelled the rebels from their position. — The 104tii Pennsylvania In- fantry engaged in a skirmish at Gloucester, ^'a. Nov. 18. — A cavalry skirmish occurred in which Colonel Hawkins defeated the rebels at Rural Hill, Tenn. — Military movements oc- curred at Helena, Ark., and Little River, Mo. Nov. 19.— A skirmish took place at Black- water, Mo. Nov. 20. — An action occurred at Charles- town, Va. Nov. 21. — General Sumner demanded the surrender of Fredericksburg, on account of the firing of citizens on the Union troops, but rescinded the order on the following day on being assured that the offense should not again occur. — A skirmish occurred at Bayou Bonnet Carre, La. Nov. 23. — Reconnoissance from Fortress Mon- roe to tlie Chickahominy. — A skirmish took place at Onslow, N. C. Nov. 24. — A cavalry and infantry skirmish took place at Beaver Creek, Mo. Nov. 25.- At Sinking Creek, Ya., a rebel camp was surprised by the 2nd Viginia Cav- alry and 118 prisoners were captured, besides arms, sabres, horses, loaded wagons and camp property ; two pickets were killed and, with tliis exception, not a shot was fired. — Fortification on the Mississipi at Port Hudson. — Cavalry raid occurred at Poolesville, Md. — Slight actions occurred at Winchester, Shepherdstown and Zuni, Va. Nov. 26. — Twenty guerrillas dashed into Urbana, Md., pillaging a store and killing one citizen. — At Summerville, Miss., the 7tii Illinois Cavalry engaged in a skirmish. — At Berryville, Va., movements occurred. Nov. 27. — A skirmish occurred near Lav- ergne, Tenn., without decisive results. — A cav- alry skirmish occurred at Carthage, Ark., and also at Rienzi, Miss. Nov. 28.— At Cane Hill, Ark., the troops of the frontier made a forced march, attacking Marmaduke's troops en route for Missouri. The battle raged over 12 miles of ground and the rebels retreated to ^'an Buren, Ark. — Two detachments of the 3rd Pennsylvania Cavalry on picket on the Rappahannock were captured by a greatly superior force of rebels. — The action referred to under this date as Cane Hill included also Boston Mountain and Boonesboro, Ark. — A cavalry skirmish took place at Cold Water River, Miss. Nov. 29. — At Snicker's Ferry, Va., General 54 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL Stahel with 300 cavalry scattered the rebels, killing 50, capturing 40 and taking 80 head of cattle and horses. — A cavalry ex2:)edition to the fork of the Mingo and St. Francis Rivers cap- tured a rebel officer and 10 privates. — An action occurred at Plaquemine, La., and at Waterford and Lumpkin's Mills, Miss. — Activities occurred at Yellville and Abbeyville, Miss. Dec. 1. — An expedition from Suffolk, Va., under General Peck, recaptured the celebrated Pittsburg Battery, held by the rebels at Frank- lin, Va. Dec. 2. — General Geary's command en route to Winchester, defeated the rebels near Charles- ton, killing and wounding 70 and capturing 145 prisoners. — Grenada, Miss., was occupied by 20,000 Federal troops under General Hovey ; the rebels destroyed 15 locomotives and 100 cars. Dec. 3. — At Oxford, Miss., Colonel Hatch captured 92 prisoners with a loss of 20 killed and wounded. — The rebels abandoned their for- tifications at Abbeville, Miss.— General Geary demanded the surrender of Winchester and the rebels complied. Dec. 3. — The first Indiana Cavalry engaged in a skirmish at Oakland, Miss.— A slight action occurred at Princeton, Ky. Dec. 4. — The rebels were driven on tlie Rappahanock in an action between the Union gunboats and rebel batteries. — Skirmishing at Tuscumbia, Miss.— Cavalry action at Water Valley, Miss. Dec. 5. — A rebel attack on Helena, Ark., was repulsed. — A considerable fight occurred at Coffeeville, Miss., and a cavah-y action occurred at Reed's Mountains, Ark. Dec. 6. — Banks' expedition left New York for New Orleans. — Rebel activities occurred at Hackett's Point, Va., and at Chicot Pass, Ark. — The 93rd Ohio engaged in a skirmish at Leb- anon, Teun. Dec. 7. — Battle of Prairie Grove. The forces under Blunt and Herron defeated 28,000 rebels, who retreated during the following night, aban- doning their dead and wounded ; the Union loss was about 1,000 and that of the rebels 1,500. —Morgan's guerrillas captured the 104th Illi- nois, 106 and 108th Ohio and a detachment of the 2nd Indiana Cavalry at Hartsville, Tenn., killing 55 and wounding 100. The rebel loss was about the same. — At Prairie D'Anna a slight action occured. — At King George, C. H., Va., 60 of the 8th Pennsylvania Cavalry were at- tacked by 300 rebels ; 40 of the garrison es- caped. Dec. 9. — Concordia, Ark., was burned in re- taliation for the burning of the Lake City the day before. — The Union gunboats at Port Royal were attacked by rebels, who were driven off. — Sharp actions occurred at Lavergne and Brent- ville, Tenn. Dec. 10.— Plymouth, N. C, was destroyed by the rebels during an engagement. — An action occurred at Indian River, Fla. Dec. 11. — Leesburg, Va., was occupied by the Union troops. — Bombardment of Freder- icksburg, Va., which w^as partially destroyed, the Union troops meanwhile crossing the Rap- pahannock on pontoon bridges, whose construc- tion was retarded by rebel shooters, who were dispersed by a Union force .sent over the river in boats. — At Dumfries and Warrensburg, Va., military movements occurred. Dec. 12. — A skirmish took place near Corinth, Miss., the rebel loss exceeding that of the Union troops. — At Franklin, Tenn., General Stanley defeated the rebels, losing one man, killing five and wounding 10. — Activities in the vicinity of Nashville. — Skirmishes at Little Bear Creek, Ala. — Foster's expedition started for Goldsboro, N. C. Dec. 13. — Battle of Fredericksburg, Va. Burnside's army attacked the fortifications HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 55 whicli proved impregnable, the arrangements permitting an enfilading fire from above ; every charge of the Union troops was repulsed and nightfall found the armies in the same position as in the morning. There was no fighting on the 14th, and, on the night of the 15th and the morning of the 16th, Burnside'sarmy withdrew across the Rappahannock, effecting the retreat and removing the pontoon bridges witliout the knowledge of the rebels. The Union loss was 1,512 killed, 6,000 wounded and many prison- ers. — Foster's expedition engaged the rebels near Southwest Creek, N. C, retiring to Kinston, where he was again attacked and driven with loss. — On the Yazoo River the gunboat Cairo was sunk by a torpedo. — An action took place at Tuscumbia, Ala. Dec. 14. — About 400 rebel cavalry raided Poolesville, Md,. capturing one half of the gar- rison. — Banks' expedition arrived at New Or- leans. — Skirmishes occurred at Coffeeville, Miss., at Woodsonsville and Wireman's Shoals, Ky., at Ringgold, Ga., and Helena, Ark. Dec. 15.— At Bear Wallow, Ky., a rebel movement took place. Dec. 16.— General Foster moved from Kin- ston to White Hall, N. C.,and routed the rebels atter a three hour's fight. — Slight action at New Haven, Ky. Dec. 17. —Occupation of Baton Rouge, La., immediately following the evacuation of the place by the rebels. General Foster's command drove the rebels out of Goldsboro after a short fight ; after destroying the railroad communi- cations the expedition pushed on to Newbern, arriving December 20th. Dec. 18. — A cavalry action, involving the 11th Illinois, 5th Ohio and 2nd Tennessee Cavalry took place at Lexington, Tenn. — The same troops, assisted by the 43rd and 61st Illinois, engaged in an action at Jackson, Tenn., repell- ing the rebels. — A skirmish took place at Com- merce, Miss. Dec. 19. — At Occoquan, Va., a body of rebel cavalry made a raid on the 10th New York Cav- alry, capturing 30 prisoners and six sutler's wagons. — Rebel cavalry movement at Ripley, Va. Dec. 20. — Surrender of Holly Springs, Miss., to the rebels by Colonel Murphy, including 2,000 prisoners ; $2,000,000 worth of war supplies were destroyed ; this caused an entire change in the plans on Vicksburg. — Destruction of the railroad near Jackson, Tenn., by rebel cavalry. — At Trenton, Tenn., Forrest captured a body of cavalry and infantry troops. — Activities at Halltown, Va., and Humboldt, Tenn. Dec. 21. — An expedition under Carter left London, Ky., for East Tennessee and, on the same day, destroyed important railroad com- munications and captured 550 prisoners and 700 stand of arms. — At Davis Mills, Miss., a rebel defeat occurred and many small arms were taken. — Active movements occurred in the vicinity of Nashville. Dec. 22.— At Isle of Wight C. H., Va., a cavalry skirmish took place. Dec. 23. — Sigel's command repulsed a rebel attack on Dumfries, Va. Dec. 24. — Morgan's guerrillas defeated Dic- key's troops near Munfordsville, Ky. — A detach- ment of the 12tli Michigan infantry engaged in a skirmish at Middleburg, Miss. — At Glasgow, Ky., a detachment of the 2nd Michigan Cavalry had a skirmish. — Movements occurred at Dallas and Delhi, Ga., and at Joiner's Bridge, Ky. Dec. 25.— At Munfordsville, Ky., Morgan's guerrillas were defeated in turn by Colonel Gray, nine rebels being killed and 22 wounded. — In an action at Green's Chapel, Ky., soldiers of the 4th and 5th Indiana Cavalry defeated a body of rebels. — At Bear Wallow, Ky., another cavalry engagement took place. 56 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL Dec. 26— At Nolansville, Tenn., McCook's corps, Army of the Cumberland, made an ad- vance. — The 2nd Michigan Cavah'y engaged in a skirmish at Bacon Creek, Ky. Dec. 27. — At Dumfries, Va., Colonel Canby routed the rebels under Stuart and Lee, inflict- ing a severe loss — A body of Pennsylvania cavalry was surprised and captured at Occoquan, Va. — Three hundred and fifty rebels were cap- tured at Elk Fork, Tenn., by half their number of Union troops. — 2,800 of Morgan's guerrillas attacked 250 soldiers belonging to the 91st Illinois and compelled the garrison to retreat. Dec. 28. — Battle of Chickasaw Bayou. On the 26tli an expedition under Sherman moved up the Yazoo River and landed and, on the fol- lowing day, an assault was made on Haines Bluff auxilliary to the attack at Chickasaw Bayou. A slight advantage was gained in the action on the 28tli and the movement was abandoned by Sherman the next day, princi- pally on account of the failure of Grant, whose plans were frustrated by the disaster at Holly Springs and it was decided soon after to aban- don the attempt, which had been made at a cost of 191 killed, 982 wounded and 75G missing. — Van Buren, Ark., was captured by the forces of Blunt and Herron, the rebels having fled on the approach of the Army of the Frontier, which had defeated two regiments of rebel cavalry at Dripping Spring. — A cavalry action took place at Muldraugh's Hill, Ky. — A reconnoissance took place at Suffolk, Va., and at Occoquan, Va.; two Pennsylvania cavalry I'egiments were engaged. — At Clinton, La., an action took place in which Western troops were engaged. — At New Madrid, Mo., a skirmish took place. Dec. 29. — A Kentucky cavalry regiment en- gaged in an action at Stuart Creek, Tenn. Dec. 30. — At Parkers' Cross Roads, Tenn., a sharp action took place under Sullivan, who fought the rebels under Forrest. The rebels lost a thousand men while the Union loss was 239. — Two cavalry regiments belonging to the expedition of Carter in East Tennessee de- stroyed a bridge at Carter's Station. — A detach- ment of soldiers east of Knoxville, Tenn., de- stroyed railroad communication and captured 400 rebel prisoners. — A wagon train near Jeffer- son, Tenn., was attacked by rebels. This action was preliminary to the battle of Stone River and is known to history as Jefferson Pike. — The Monitor foundered off Hatteras. Dec. 31. — Battle of Stone River, or Murfrees- boro, Tenn. The skirmish which has been mentioned near Stuart's Creek, which continued two daj's with a loss of 70 Union soldiers, was preliminary also to the action at Stone River proper which continued two days. At daylight of the last day of the year the onset became general and continued with great fury. After desperate fighting and severe loss, McCook's corps fell back and,- after another rally, the Union army was again driven by the enemy. January 1st, the fighting was continued with slight advantage to the Union force. January 2nd, the fighting was desultory until 4 o'clock in the afternoon, when the rebels advanced with reinforcements and a desperate fight of 30 min- utes occurred with the odds in the rebel favor, but Negley moved up, checked the rebel advance and drove the enemy back to a wooded hill where a futile attempt to stand was made. In this repulse the rebels lost over 2,000 men, the Union loss being 455. January 3rd, the 88th Indiana and 3rd Ohio carried a rebel redoubt in a bayonet charge. During the fol- lowing night the rebels under Bragg evacuated Murfreesboro, retiring to Tullahoma. 43,500 Union troops were engaged at Stone River, the confederates numbering 62,000; the total Union loss was 1,474 killed, 6,813 wounded and 222 prisoners. The rebel loss was 12,000 killed and wounded and 3,500 prisoners. I'S^'u, ^. Si. <^k^'.id^ HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 57 1863. Jan. 1. — Emancipation Proclamation went into effect. — Near Lebanon, Ky., Morgan's guerrillas made a raid and were defeated, losing several killed and 90 prisoners, besides war sup- plies. — Near Red Mound, Tenn., a complete rout of Forrest's troops took place after 12 days skirmisbing with Union troops under Sullivan. The Union loss was 20 killed, 100 wounded and 60 missing, the rebels losing 700 in killed, wounded and prisoners. Forrest's troops num- bered 7,000 and the Union forces 3,000 infantry, a company of cavalry and six guns, while the rebels were all mounted and had 11 pieces of ar- tillery. — A rebel surprise by land and water took place at Galveston, Texas. The garrison was captured and the gunboat, Harriet Lane, was boarded and her officers and crew nearly all killed. The flagship, Westfield, was blown up. Commodore Renshaw and Lieutenant Zim- merman perishing in the explosion. — An action took place at Lavergne, Tenn., and Baton Rouge, La. Jan. 2. — A detachment of Stuart's cavalry dashed into Dumfries, Va., capturing army supplies. — At Moorefield, W. Va., the rebels at- tacked the Union position and were repulsed after capturing 60 Union prisoners. — A rebel camp near La Grange, Ark., was captured. Jan. 4. — Rosecrans' forces occupied Mur- freesboro, Tenn. — Clarkesville, Tenn., was re- captured with a quantit)^ of provisions. — Gen- eral Sherman was superseded by McClernand. Jan. 5. — The cavalry of the Army of the Cumberland engaged with the rebels of Bragg's array in Middletown, Tenn.— A skirmish oc- curred at Hardy Co., Va., 33 Union pri.soners being captured. — Near Little River, N. C, a party of rebel skirmishers was defeated and captured without Union loss. — The Montauk and Passaic arrived safely at Beaufort, N. C. — Military movement at Jupiter Inlet, Fla. Jan. 6.— An English steamer loaded with arms, presumably for the rebels, was captured by the Pocahontas off Mobile. Jan. 7. — Battle of Springfield, Mo. Marma- duke, witli 5,000 rebels, attacked the town and was repulsed by the Home Guards. Reinforce- ments arrived on the next day and the rebels retired with a loss of 300. The Union loss was 17 killed and 50 wounded. General Brown, the commander, losing an arm.— Lieutenant W. B. Gushing and 25 men landed near Fort Caswell, N. C, and captured a rebel redoubt.— A rebel force attacked, captured and destroyed a con- struction train near Antioch, Tenn.— Colonel Moore, with 100 men of the 2nd Illinois Cavalry, destroyed a rebel camp at Huntoon's Mills near Ripley, Tenn., killing 16 and capturing 40 prisoners. — A Union force destroyed a rebel train at White House, Va., captured the mail, cut the telegraph and burned all the river craft and the commissary stores, the depot and other buildings. — Further movements at Jupiter Inlet. Jan. 9. — At Providence Church on the Black- water, Va., a cavalry force defeated the rebels. — Exchange of prisoners in which 26,000 Union soldiers were released. — The rebel secretary of war declared that the Union pris- oners taken at Stone River would be held in close confinement until General Butler was sur- rendered to be punished. Jan. 10. — Near Hartsville, Mo., a body of Western troops attacked 4,000 rebels under Marmaduke and Porter and drove them five miles; the rebels made a circuit into Harts- ville, and were driven out. This action has been called Wood's Fork and was concluded Jan. 11th. The Union loss was 35 killed and wounded, and the rebel loss was 150. — A body of rebels near Catlett's Station, Va., was attacked and defeated with heavy loss. — Galveston, Texas, was bombarded by a Union gunboat, — Fort Hindman was invested by the gunboats of 58 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL the Mississippi squadron and the corps of Mc- Clernand and Slierman. Jan. 11.— Fort Ilinduian, Ark., surrendered unconditionally by the rebels. 4,720 prisoners were captured and the armament and stores. 129 Union soldiers were killed and 831 wounded. The rebel loss was estimated at 5,500. — At Mill Creek, Tenn., Wheeler's cavalry destroyed the railroad bridge and captured a squad of Union soldiers.— The Ilatteras was sunk off the coast of Texas by the Alabama. Jan. 12. — The steamer Charter was destroyed at Harpeth Shoals, Tenn., by a detachment of Wheeler's cavalry. — Rebel raid at Holly Springs and outrages on the citizens. — A brigantine, which had been cajitured by the privateer Re- tribution, was recaptured from the prize crew by the wife of the captain, who made the rebels drunk, put them in irons and took the vessel into the port of St. Thomas. — The 2nd Wiscon- sin Cavalry engaged in a skirmish at Lick Creek, Ark. Jan. 13.— Col. Daniel Ullmann of the 78th New York Infantry was made brigadier and em- powered to raise a brigade of negro troops. — Four boats with wtnnided troops wei'e captured on the Cumberland River, the men robbed and th:ee of the boats burned. Jan. 14.— At Bayou Teche, near Patterson- ville, La., the gunboats Calhoun, Diana, Kins- man and Estrella, assisted by Weitzel's brigade, had a fight with the rebel steamboat Cotton and a land force. The Cotton was destroyed, but the Union commander, Buchanan, was killed by a sharpshooter. — The Queen of the West was captured by the rebels on Red River. Jan. 15. — 17 Union couriers of the 2nd Wis- consin C'avalry were captured between Helena, Ark., and Clarendon. — Mound City, Ark., was burned by the Union troops because it was a rendezvous for guerrillas. Jan. 16. — Three Union steamers were cap- tured at Harpeth Shoals, Tenn., by Wlieeler's cavalry.— The Columbia stranded at Masonboro Inlet, N. C, and surrendered to the rebels. — The rebel privateer Orato run the blockade of Mobile and sunk the brig Estellc of Boston, pro- ceeding to Havanna pursued by the Oneida.— Duvall's Bluff and Des Ark, Ark., were captured by the 24th Indiana and the gunboat DeKalb on the White River with 150 prisoners and arms. Jan. 17. — The 3rd New York Cavalry drove 1,300 rebels from Pollocksville, N. C, and occupied the town. Jan. 19. — A reconnoissance was made by the 5th Pennsylvania Cavalry to Burnt Ordinary, Va., during which 12 Union cavalry dashed among 100 rebels to recapture prisoners. — A cavalry skirmish took place near Clifton, La. — Military movements at Wash Channel. Jan. 21. — An expedition sailed from Hilton Head for Ossabaw Sound, Ga. — Two blockading ves-sels, the Morning Light and ^'^elocity, were captured oft' Sabine Pass by rebel steamers. — A rebel camp near Columbia, Mo., was broken up by Union troops. Jan. 22.— The privateer Orato departed from Havanna and captured the brig Windward. Jan. 23.— At Fish Springs, Tenn., a band of loyal Teanesseeans were attacked by the rebels under Polk. Several were killed and wounded and three prisoners captured were hung, in- cluding Taylor, the Union leader. — Arkansas Post was evacuated by the Union troops after blowing up the fortifications at Fort Hindman. Jan. 24. — Near Woodbury, Tenn., the rebels were defeated with a loss of 35 wounded and 100 prisoners captured. — General Foster started from Newbern for Kingston, N. C. Jan. 25.— The first regiment of colored vol- unteers was organized at Port Royal, S. C. — A rebel repulse took place on the railroad near Nashville, Tenn.— Foster's troops made a cap- HISTORY OF THE CIVH. WAR. 59 ture near Kingston, N. C. — An attack on a con- struction train near Murfreesboro, Tenn., was repulsed by the guard, with the assistance of a detachment of the 10th Michigan. Jan. 26. — Hooker succeeded Burnside in the command of the Army of tlie Potomac. — The gunboat ChilHcothe slielled the lower batteries at Vicksburg. — A detachment of the 5th New York Cavalry skirmished at Middleburg, Va., defeatmg the rebels.— An Indian fight occurred at Bear River, Washington Territory, during which the cold was so intense that about 150 of the soldiers had their feet frozen. .Jan. 27. — In an action at Bloomheld, Mo., the rebels were. driven out and 52 prisoners captured.— A cavalry force belonging to Weitzel's brigade routed a rebel force at Indian Village, La. — Fort McAlister on the Ogeeche River, Ga., was bombarded without results. Jan. 28. — Near Van Buren, Mo., a steamer and 300 rebels were captured. Jan. 2iJ. — General McClernand landed opjto- site Vicksburg. — A skirmish occurred at Pinos Altos, Arizona Territory. Jan. 30.— At Dyersburg, Tenn., the 22nd Ohio defeated the rebels, inflicting a loss of 34. — At Deserted House near Suffolk, Va., Pryor's command was defeated by a force under Cor- coran and Spear, the loss on botli sides being about 100. — The gunboat, Isaac Smith, was captured while aground at Stono River, S. C. Jan. 31. — Two rebel defeats occurred at Rover and Middleton, Tenn. ; in the former the rebel cavalry of Wheeler was routed with 35 killed and wounded and 300 prisoners cap- tured ; at the latter place a reVjel camp was broken up and 100 prisoners captured. — The Union troops under Jeff. C. Davis occupied Shelby ville, Tenn. — Union troops were attacked in Morgan county, Ind., while arresting desert- ers, which was accomplished. — The rebel iron clads, Palmetto State and Chicora and three small steamers, attacked the blockading fleet off Charleston, disabling two vessels and killing and wouniiing 43 men. Beauregard declared the blockade raised, but on the same day the English steamer Princess Royal was captured, while ruiming the blockade at Charleston with a full cargo of arms and supplies for the rebels. Feb. 1.— Attack on Fort McAlister, (Ja., by the Montauk, supported bj' the Union gun- boats ; the attack was unsuccessful. — Franklin, Tenn., was occupied by Union troops. — A rebel attack was made on Island No. 10 which was repulsed by the gunboat Era. Feb. 2. — The rebel garrison at Warrenton, Va., was surprised and captured by Wyndham's cavalry brigade. Feb. 3. — At Mingo Swamp, Mo., a cavalry force under Major Reader routed the rebels, killing nine and wounding 20. — The Union garrison at Fort Donelson, Tenn., repelled a rebel attack of Wheeler's cavalry, killing and wounding and capturing over. 600 with a loss of 126. — A Union reconnoissance was made into Eastern Tennessee, the command of Reynolds occupying Liberty, Auburn and Lebanon and driving the rebels in every direc- tion. Feb. 4. — a brigade of cavalry under Colonel Warring defeated the rebels under Marraaduke. — Another rebel defeat took place on Lake Providence, La. Feb. 5. — A party of guerrillas were routed on Bear Creek, Mo., by the Missouri militia. — A trivial skirmish occurred near Stafford's Store, Va. Feb. 6.— The Union troops raided Middle- burg, Va., capturing several prisoners.— In a skirmish near Millwood, Va., the rebels were defeated. — A mail coach was captured by the rebels near Winchester, Va., which was recap- tured on the same day. Feb. 7. — A detachment of the 5th Pennsyl- 60 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL vania Cavalry was sent out from Williamsburg, Va., drawn into a rebel ambush and routed with a loss of 35 killed, wounded and captured. — The rebel guerrilla, Dawson, with several of his men, were captured near Dyersburg, Tenn. Feb. S. — The Queen of the AVest captured three rebel steamers on the Red River. — 600 rebels were captured at Lebanon, Tenn., and a band of guerrillas were routed at Independ- ence, Mo. Feb. 9. — Near Summerville, Xa., the rebels were routed by Knox' battalion of cavalry. Feb. 10. — In a fight at Old River, La., the rebels were defeated with a Union loss of eight killed and wounded. — A band of loyal Dela- ware and Shawnee Indians took possession of the rebel agency at Wachita, Texas, killing the agent and capturing 100 disloyal Indians, many horses and Pike's treaties between the Indians and the rebel government. — An unimportant action took place at Gloucester Point, Va. — The Missouri Home Guards repulsed a rebel attack at Bone Yard, Tenn. Feb. 12. — At Bolivar, Tenn., 11 rebels were killed and wounded in a skirmish. Feb. 13. — -In a skirmisli near Charleston, Va., the rebels retreated. — The Indianola passed the batteries at Vicksburg. — At Smithfield, Va., the 12th Pennsylvania Cavalry engaged in a skir- mish. Feb. 14. — Union cavalry was surprised at Anandale, Va., and 15 were killed and missing and several wounded. — The Queen of the West grounded near Gordon's Landing on the Red River in Louisiana in range of a rebel battery andjwas abandoned, afterjhaving her steam pipe cut by the enemy's shot. — The 1st Michigan Cavalry engaged in a skirmish at Breutsville, Va. Feb. 15. — A Union force defeated the rebels at Arkadelphia, Ark., losing two killed and 12 wounded.— At Gainesville, Tenn., 250 cavalry defeated 500 of Morgan's guerrillas, killing, wounding and capturing 36, with 50 horses and arms. — The rebels attacked the Union train near Nolansville, Tenn., and were repulsed with loss. Feb. 16.— Near Romney, Va., a detachment of soldiers was captured while guarding a wagon train. — An attack on Union infantry by Forrest's cavalry near Helena, Ark., was re- pulsed. Feb. 18.— Union mortar boats opened fire on Vicksburg. — Clifton, Tenn., was destroyed by the Union forces.— At Frankfort, Ky., a dis- loyal convention was dispersed. Feb. 19.— Hopefield, Ark., opposite Memphis, was burned because it had become a guerrilla nest. — Near Coldwater, Miss., the 1st Indiana Cavalry routed a force of rebels without loss. — An action occurred at Spring River, Mo. Feb. 20.— The 5th Illinois Cavalry dispersed a force of rebels at Yazoo Pass, Miss., and five soldiers were wounded. — Rebel guerrillas raided Shawneetown, Ky. — In a gunboat reconnois- sance up the Rappahannock a rebel battery was silenced. Feb. 21. — A cavalry skirmish occurred at Prairie Station, Miss., the 2nd Iowa Cavalry winning. Feb. 22.— Tuscumbia and Florence, Ala., were occujiied by a cavalry brigade. — The mili- tary expedition through Yazoo Pass reached Moon Lake. — A skirmish took place at Gates- ville, Va. Feb. 23. — At Deer Creek, near Greenville, Miss., a sharp action took place. — A skirmish took place at Athens, Ky., resulting in the rout of the rebels, the guerrilla Morgan's brother, being captured. — 700 rebel cavalry raided Win- chester and other towns in Eastern Kentuckj'. Actions took place at Hazel Green, Miss., and Straw Hill, Va. Feb. 24. — The Indianola was captured near HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 61 Grand Gulf on the Mississippi by the rebel rams, Queen of the West and William H. Webb and two armed steamers. Feb. 25. — ^Averill's cavalry routed the rebels near Hartwood Church, Ya., and they escaped across Kelly's Ford. — The rebels were dispersed at Licktown, Ky. — An action took place at Tappahannock and Falmouth, Ya. Feb. 26. — A cavalry skirmish took place at Woodstock, Ya., on the Strasburg road, the Union loss being 200 killed, wounded and pris- oners. — Near Woodburn, Tenn., rebel guerrillas captured and rifled a government train and started the locomotive under full steam, in a fruitless attempt to wreck an approaching pas- senger train. Feb. 27.— The 2nd New York Cavalry routed the I'ebels near Newbern, N. C, and captured 48 rebels, losing one soldier. Feb. 28. — The rebel steamer Nashville was destroyed by the ram Montauk under the guns of Fort McAlister. March 1. — Near Bradyville, Tenn., the guerrillas of Duke were routed by a cavalry command, detached from Rosecrans' army under General Stanley, the Union loss in killed and wounded being 15 and that of the rebels 47 beside 89 prisoners. — At Bloomfield, Mo., a Union raid resulted in the ca2:)ture of the rebel Marshall and 20 prisoners. — A cavalry skirmish took place at Aldie, Ya., and Mosby's guerrillas captured 50 Union prisoners. March 2. — On the Salem turnpike, near Murfreesboro, Tenn., Morgan's cavalry was de- feated by United States regulars. — Near Peters- burg, Tenn., the rebels were defeated with a loss of 12 killed and 20 wounded.— 30 of Mosby's guerrillas were captured near Aldie, Ya. — At Eagleville, Tenn., a skirmish took place. March 3. — Bombardment of Fort McAlister for eight hours without substantial results. — The iron-clad, Indianola, captured by the rebels, was blown up on the approach of a sham Moni- tor sent past the Vicksburg batteries by the Union forces from above. — An action took place at Charlotte, Fla. — At Owne's \'alley, Tenn., a cavalrj' skirmish occurred. March 4. — ^Near Chapel Hill, Ya., the rebels were routed with a loss of 84 in killed and wounded. — At Skeet, N. C, a detachment of the 3rd New York Cavalry defeated the rebels, kill- ing 28 and losing 18. March 5. — Near Franklin, Tenn., an engage- ment which was known as the battle of Thomp- sonville or Spring Hill took place. The force of Van Dorn, estimated at 20,000, attacked five infantry regiments, three cavalry regiments and a battery. After a desperate fight, the Union force surrendered, losing 100 killed,300 wounded and 1,306 prisoners. The rebel loss was over 400. March 7. — At laiionville, Tenn., the com- mand of Colonel Minty defeated the rebel cav- alry, inflicting a loss of 50 killed and 180 wounded. — A Union expedition from Belle Plaine, Ya., returned to that place, having captured a large quantity of stores and pris- oners. March 8 — .Mosby's guerrillas dashed into Fairfax, Va., and captured General Stoughton with 30 officers and privates and their equip- ments. — The 42nd Massachusetts captured a company of rebel cavalry near Newbern, N. C. March 9. — In an action below Port Hudson, a small rebel force was captured.— Near Bolivar, Tenn., 18 guerrillas were taken.— In a skirmish on Comity River, La., the rebels were dispersed. — A trifling action occurred at Black water Bridge, Ya.— At Franklin, Tenn., the 125th Ohio engaged in an action. March 10.- Grierson, with detachments of the 6th and 7th Illinois Cavalry, routed 400 guerrillas, killing 25 and taking many prison- ers. — Colonel Minty's 4th Michigan Cavalry 62 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL made a capture at Rutherford's Creek, Tenn. — A colored regiment under Col. T. W. Higgin- son, assisted by another colored regiment, occu- pied Jacksonville, Fla. March 1L — At Greenwood, Miss., the Union expedition up the Yazoo Pass, including gun- boats and a land force, had a skirmish without results. — The guard of a forage train repulsed a guerrilla attack, 13 miles from Paris, Ky. March 12.— An armed reconnoitering expe- dition under Gordon Granger returned to their point of departure, after driving VanDorn beyond the Duck River ; in the skirmishes which occurred the Union loss included nine soldiers. March 13. — The Union Heet bombarded Fort Pemberton at Greenwood, Miss., without suc- cess and withdrew. — At Spanish Wells, S. C, the rebels burned a U. S. signal station. — Near Berwick City, La., tlie lOOtli New York Infan- try dispersed a rebel force. March 14.— A rebel bombardment of New- bern, N. C, was terminated after four hours by the appearance of Union gunboats.— Admiral Farragut with a fleet of eight gunboats made a night attack on the batteries at Port Hudson without results. The Mississippi ran aground, 65 of her crew were lost and she was abandoned and burned.— Colonel Minty's command made a reconnoissance of 11 days and returned to Murfreesboro, Teiui., on this date, with 50 prisoners. March 15. — U. S. officers took possession of the steamer Chapman as she was about to sail as a rebel privateer from San Francisco, Cal. March 16. — A land force under Sherman and a naval force under Porter started on an expedition up Steele's Bayou, Miss., and was absent six days. March 17. — Near Franklin, Va., a Union repulse occurred, with a loss of 17 killed and wounded. — At Kelly's Ford, Va., the cavalry under Averill defeated a force under Fitz Hugh Lee, fighting four hours and capturing 86 pris- oners. March 18. — Near Berwick Bay, La., the rebels were routed with a loss of 30 killed and wounded. — A United States gunboat was sunk while attempting to pass the ^^icksburg bat- teries. March 19.— Skirmish on the Duck River, Tenn. — The English steamer Georgiana, laden with confederate military stores, was captured off Charleston, S. C. March 20.— At Vaught's Hill near Milton, Tenn., a battle occurred between six regiments under Colonel Hall and a large rebel force under Wheeler and Morgan, the latter being defeated with a loss of 200, the winners losing 48 soldiers. March 21. — Two thousand guerrillas at- tacked the Union troops at Cottage Grove, Tenn., who were repulsed and pursued several miles. — At Seneca, Va., a slight Union defeat occurred. — Return of the expedition to the Yazoo after movements up the baj'ous in whicli large quantities of cotton, corn and some houses were destroyed. — Admiral Farragut's flagship, with the Monongahela, passed Warrenton, Miss., and anchored near Vicksburg. March 22. — At Blue Springs, Mo., Quan- trell's guerrillas defeated the Missouri militia. —Rebel cavalry captured Mount Sterling, Ky., with 200 men i)f the 10th Kentucky Cavalry. March 23. — An expedition under Rust rein- forced .Jacksonville, Fla. March 24. — Ponchatoula, La., was occupied by six Union regiments, the rebels retiring. — A skirmish occurred at Danville, Kj'. March 25.— At Brentwood, Tenn., 5,000 rebels under Wheeler, Forrest and Wheaton attacked a garrison of 300 who were captured with all the stores. Gen. Green Clay Smitli came to the relief of the garrison, pursued the HISTORY OF THE CIVH. WAR. 63 rebels ami recaptured all the stores, which he destroj'ed. -Two Union rams were disabled in an attempt to run the batteries at A'^icksburg. — Dupont's fleet sailed from Hilton Head for Charleston, S. C. March 26. — An expedition returned to Carth- age, Tenn., after capturing prisoners and sup- plies at Rome, Ga. — Jacksonville, Fla., was evacuated and burned. — Admiral Farragut bombarded Warrenton, Miss., without results. March 28.— The U. S. gunboat Diana, with detachments of the r2th Connecticut and 160th New York, was captured by the rebels off Pat- tersonville, La. — On the Amite River, La., two Maine regiments engaged in a skirmish. — Cole's Island, near Charleston, S. C, was occupied by the Union troops. — A foraging expedition re- turned to Belle Plain, Va., after accomplishing their purpose. — The steamer Sam Gaty was stopped at Sibley, Mo., by rebel guerrillas, who killed a number of passengers and committed wholesale robbery, besides murdering 20 negroes and destroying government propertj\ — A skirmish occurred at Hurricane Bridge, W. Va. March 29. — A detachment of the 6th Illinois Cavalry were attacked by guerrillas near Sum- merville, Tenn., who were repulsed after killing 40 soldiers. — A cavalry skirmish took place at Williamsburg, Va. — An expedition en route to Jacksonville, Fla., engaged in a skirmish at Baldwin. March 30. — A rebel force attacked Washing- ton, N. C, which was garrisoned by Foster and were driven off by Union gunboats. — Rich- mond, La., was captured by the Union troops. — At Somerset, Ky., General Gilmore, with 1,200 men, routed 2,800 rebels under Pogram, killing, wounding and capturing SOOwitii little loss. — At Point Pleasant, W. Ya., the rebels drove out the Union garrison, who recaptured the place on the same day.— An Indian fight took place at Tahliquah, I. T.— The 3rd Wis- consin Cavalry engaged in a skirmish on The Island, Mo. April 1. — Admiral Farragut, with three boats, passed the rebel batteries at Grand Gulf, Miss. — At Richmond, Va., a riot occurred, in which 3,000 women participated, the mob break- ing into confederate stores, and seizing provi- sions, bread and clothing. .Jeff Davis made a speech and promised cessation of grievances. — Detachments of the 5th Vermont and 5th New York Cavalry engaged Mosby's guerrillas at Broad Run, Va. — A cavalry fight took place at Chalk Bluff, Ark. April 2. — In an action of two days at Wood- bury, Tenn., Ohio Cavalry dispersed 1,200 rebels. — At Snow Hill, Ky., Stanley's troops routed Morgan's rebel cavalry with small loss, the rebel losses amounting to 110 with 300 horses. — A portion of Faragut's fleet ascended the Red River, destroying rebel gunboats on the way. Rebel attack on the gunboat St. Clair by rebels above Fort Donelson. — The Japan left Greenock, Scotland, for the coast of France, received an armament, hoisted the rebel flag and proceeded to sea under tlie name of the Georgia, as a rebel privater. April 3. — A skirmishing party returned to Fayetteville, Ark., after four successful skirm- ishes with the rebels. — At Reading, Peun., Knights of tije Golden Circle were an-ested. April 4. — An attempt was made at Wash- ington, N. C, to capture the rebel battery at Rodman's Point on the Pamlico River. — Lieu- tenant Fitch, commanding the gunboat Lex- ington, burned Palmyra, Tenn., in retaliation for firing into the St. Clair.— Two cavalry en- counters occurred at Madison and in Farral county. Ark. April 5. — An expedition of 8,000 Union troops started for Newbern, N. C, to reinforce 64 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL Foster at Washington, N. C. — Steele's expedi- tion started for the Black Bayou, Miss. April 6.^At Green Hill, Tenn., the Union cavalry dispersed a rebel camp, killing five and capturing 15 and the camp equipments and re- turning to Nashville. — Gunboats arrived at Pass a rOutre, La. April 7.— First attempt to recapture Fort Sumter. iNine iron clads and other vessels under Dupont opened fire on Fort Sumter. The firing from the rebel batteries was terrific and incessant for three houi'S.— A cavalry expedi- tion left Murfreesboro, TeniL, destined to move through Alabama and Georgia, for destructive purposes, but were pursued by Forrest's cavalry and, after a severe fight at Cedar Bluff, sur- rendered to Forrest. April 8. — Near Clarksville, Tenn., the steam- ers Saxonia and Lowell were destroyed by a force of 1,200 rebels. — At Broad River, S. C, the steamer George Washington was fired upon and a shot exploded the magazine, destroying the vessel with 29 men. — A cavalry fight oc- curred in St. Francis county, Missouri. April 9. — A skirmish took place at Blount's Mills, N. C. — East Pascagoula, La., was occupied by a colored regiment; a cavalry attack was repulsed, the rebels losing 70. — Execution of Captain A. G. Webster as a spy at Camp Lee near Richmond. April 10.— At Franklin, Tenn., 1,500 rebels under VanDorn attacked the command of Gor- don Granger and were repulsed witn a loss of 300 dead, who were left on the field.— The rebels were routed near Germantown, Ky. — 21 Union soldiers of the 5th Iowa Cavalry were captured near Waverly, Tenn. April 11. — A Union cavalry camp was routed near Williamsburg, Va. — A raiding force under Colonel Streight left Nashville, for Georgia. — Unimportant actions at Mount Ver- non, K} ., and Blackwater, Va. April 12. — Dupont's fleet returned from Charleston harbor to Port Royal. — The 5th Pi^nnsylvania Cavalry were surprised at Whit- taker's Mills, Va., but the rebels were driven off by the fire from Fort Magruder. —Activities at Irish Bend and Bisland, in which three divisions of the 19th Corps were involved. — The beginning of the siege of Suffolk, which continued to the 4th of May. April 13. — A transport ran the batteries be- low Washington, N. C, carrying aid to General Foster. — The 11th Pennsylvania Cavalry drove a large rebel force near Suffolk, Va. — Steele's expedition returned to the point of departure, after destroying 3,000,000 dollars worth of pro- perty belonging to the rebel government and to citizens in sympathy with the guerrillas. — Weitzel's command captured New Iberia, La. The Diana, which had been captured, and the Hart, an iron clad, were destroyed by the rebels when abandoning the place. The Union loss was about 300 and that of the rebels much larger. This is also known as the battle of Bayou Teche. April 14.— The Union gunboats, Stepping Stone, Mount Washington and Commodore Barney, after four hours cannonade, silenced a heavy battery on the Nansemond River, Va., the Union loss being 23 in killed and wounded. April 15. — Franklin, La., was occupied by the Union troops. — The siege of Washington, N. G, was raised by the rebels after an invest- ment of three weeks. — A dash by mounted Union infantry was made into Pikeville, Ky., and 17 I'ebel officers and 61 privates captured. — 200 Indians were captured at Spanish Fork Canon, Utah. — A cavalry skirmish took place at Dunbar's Plantation, La. April 16.— Admiral Porter, with 11 vessels, ran the Vicksburg batteries at night, losing the Henry Clay. — Stoneman's expedition left Fal- mouth, Va. — An Indian fight occurred on the HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 65 Watojiwan River, ^fiiin., in which a detach- ment of the 7th Minnesota was engaged. April 17. — At Vermillion Bayou, La., a de- tachment of the 19th Corps drove the rehels, who burned a bridge. — A skirmish took place near Suttblk, Va. — Grierson left La Grange, Miss., on a raiding expedition ; the force in- cluded 100 cavalry and, after marching 800 miles, reached Baton Rouge, La., May 1st. — Rebel stores were destroyed at Okalona and Newton, a train carrying 3,000 shells to Vicks- burg was exploded and the confederate ordi- nance works at Enterprise were destroyed, the whole loss being estimated at |6,000,000. April 18.— A reconnoitering party at Sabine Pass, Tex., was captured by ambushed rebels. — 200 Union troops repulsed 3,000 rebels at Fay- etteville, Ark. — A cavalry brigade engaged in a fight at Hernando, Miss. — At Hill's Point, Va,. a skirmish incident to the siege of Suffolk took place. — Activities at Cape Romain Inlet, S. 0. April 19. — A Union victory occurred in a fight with rebel cavalry near Noncona, Tenn. — A rebel battery at West Branch on the Nanse- mond was stormed and captured with five can- non and 161 prisoners. — The Union force which fought at Hernando, engaged in another skir- mish at Coldwater, Miss. — At New Albany, Miss., the 7th Illinois Cavalry, connected with Grierson's command, engaged in a skirmish. April 20. — Bute La Rose surrendered to an attacking force of Union gunboats. — At Patter- son, Mo., 3,000 rebels attacked a Union force under Colonel Stuart and were repulsed ; the Union loss was 50. — At Opelousas, La., a Union force made an unsuccessful attack. — At Helena, Ark., a cavalry skirmish took place. — The 5th Indiana Cavalry engaged in a skirmish at Selina, Ky. — Minty's cavalry brigade captured McMinnville, Tenn. April 21. — At Berryville, Va., several rebels were captured. — West Virginia admitted into the Union. April 22. -Rebel guerrillas entered Tomp- kinsville, Ky., killed five Union soldiers and liurned several buildings. — On the Strasburg Road, Va., a small rebel force was defeated. — At Palo Alto, Miss., Grierson's raiders engaged in a skirmish. April 23. — At Tuscumbia, Ala., the Union troops attacked the rebels and captured the place. — A gunboat attack took place at Chucka- tuck, Xa.. April 24. — At Webber Falls, Ark., a rebel camp was captured. — A skirmish took place near Suttblk, Va.— At Beverly, Va., 1,000 ^'ir- ginia loyalists were defeated by the rebels under Imboden and Jackson. — The 1st Wiscon- sin Cavalry engaged in an action at White Water, Mo. — At Duck River Shoals the Lexing- ton and Monarch silenced the rebel batteries. April 25. — At Greenland Gap, W. Va., a garrison surrendered to 15,000 rebels, their building having been fired after they had re- pulsed three attacks and killed a number of rebels, exceeding the number of the entire garrison. April 26. -Battle of Cape Girardeau. 8,000 rebels under Marmaduke and Burbridge at- tacked McNeill's command and were repulsed with heavy loss. — A Union raid was made upon Deer Creek, Miss., resulting in great destruction. April 27. — Hooker began his movements on Fredericksburg, Va. — 2,000 rebel cavalry occu- pied Morgantown, W. Va. — Near Franklin, Tenn., a Union cavalry force surprised a Texas command and captured more than 100 prisoners and destroyed eight wagon loads of arms. April 27. — Movements in Streight's raid, Ga., and Stoneman's raid, Va. April 28. — Three corps of the Army of the Potomac crossed the Rappahannock at Kelley's Ford and General Meade advanced to Chancel- 66 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL lorsville, Va. — Near Jackson, Mo., Marmaduke's force was overtaken and badly defeated. — An unimportant skirmish took place near Mill Spring, Ky. — At Union Church, Miss., an action connected with Grierson's raid took place. — A skirmish occurred near Dover, N. C, and at Town Creek, Ala. Ai'RiL 29.— Fitzluigh's Crossing. The 1st corps of Hooker's army skirmished with the rebels during this and the day following, while effecting a passage over the Rappahannock. The remainder of the army, six corps, crossed at the various other fords above. — Fairmount, W. Va., was attacked and captured by 500 rebel cavalry, who compelled the surrender of a gallant garrison of 300 Union troops.— Porter's fleet silenced the rebel batteries at Grand Gulf, Miss. — At Bloom field. Mo., the 1st Wisconsin Cavalry engaged in a skirmish. April 30.— The Gth New York Cavalry, while reconnoitering near Spottsylvania C. H. \i\., were surrounded by four rebel regiments and cut their way out. — Actions took place near Snyder's Bluff, Miss., the Union troops effecting a landing. — Grant's forces crossed the Mississippi River at Bruinsburg, Miss. — Rebel batteries were silenced by the Union gunboats on the Nansemond River, Va. — On this date the movements at Chalk Bluff, Mo., and Day's Gap, Ala., commenced. May 1 — 4. — Battle of C^hancellorsville. On the 1st day of May, the Union army com- menced movements at 11 o'clock in the fore- noon, which were designed to precipitate action with Lee's forces, and the two armies encoun-. tered each other about two and a half miles from Chancellorsville, and the various move- ments continued through the day without de- cisive results. On the 2nd, Stonewall Jackson witli 40,000 men attacked tbe right wing of Hooker's army under Howard, which point he gained by a Hank movement. That part of the command broke and a panic ensued. A dis- astrous defeat was prevented bj' the resolute bravery of Bushbeck's and McLean's brigades, which obstinately defended their positions. May 3rd, the engagement was resumed and, after a bloody battle, the Union troops forced back and drove the rebels, occupying the in- trenchments from which they had been driven the previous day. On the following day the battle was renewed and the Union troops were hardly pressed. During the night a consulta- tion was held between Hooker and his corps commanders and a retreat was ordered. It was begun and successfully consummated after one o'clock a. m., May 5th. The Rappahaniiock was crossed without the knowledge of the con- federates. All the Union dead and many wounded were left on the field. The estimated Union loss was 15,000 and that of the rebels not far from the same figures. No historian should pass even the most incomplete account of the battle of Chancellorsville, without paus- ing to pay tribute to the memory of Major Peter Keenan, commanding 400 men of the 8th Pennsylvania Cavalry, who charged 10,000 rebels at the sacrifice of his life and those of nearly the whole of his command, thereby preserving the army from utter ruin and his country from an ineffacable disgrace. By this plan of General Pleasanton, the advance of Stonewall Jackson after the rout of the 11th Corps was checked. — Battle of Port Gibson, Miss. General Grant defeated 12,000 rebels under General Bowen and the latter left 1,550 killed and wounded on the field ; 500 rebels were captured and the reported Union loss was about 850. The rebels fled across Bayou Pierre, destroying the bridges behind them, which were rebuilt by Grant, whose forces con- tinued tbe pursuit.— At Monticello, Ky., Carter's brigade drove out the rebels and occupied the place. — A Union defeat occurred near La HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 61 Grange, Ark. — At South Qua^' Bridge on the Nansemond River, Va., the 99th New York defeated a strong rebel force and lost 41 men. May 1. — A cavalry skirmish in the course of Grierson's raid occurred on the Tickfaw River, Miss., in which the 7th Illinois C'avalry were engaged. — At Rapidan Station, Ya., Averill's cavalry division connected with Stoneman's command engaged in a skirmish, and the 1st Maine Cavalry, belonging to the raiding expe- dition of Stoneman, engaged in a skirmish at Louisa C. H., Xa. May 2. — Frederickskurg, Va., was occupied by Union troops.— An armed reconnois.sance up the Nansemond River was made by a strong force under Getty, supported by a battery. — Marmaduke's command was driven into Arkan- sas. — Grieson's expedition reached Baton Rouge, La., after a successful march.— Heavy skirmish at Blount's Farm, La., during Streight's raid. May 3.— Charge at Marye's Heights. A successful assault was made on the rebel in- trenchments in the rear of J'redericksburg by a part of General Sedgwick's command. In spite of the terrific fire of the rebel batteries, the I'Uion troops, with dauntless courage, crossed the works, capturing eight guns and 800 prisoners. — Mosby's guerrillas were routed near Warrenton .Junction, Va. — A troop of colored raiders returned to Beaufort, S. C, having captured and liberated 800 slaves and destroyed $2,000,000 worth of rebel property. — Near Gadston, Ala., 1,500 .soldiers belonging to Streight's raiding force were captured. This was the termination of the movement. — At Hankenson's Ferry;* Miss., a division belonging to the command of Grant, engaged in a skir- mish. May 4.— The fieet of Admiral Porter took possession of Fort DeRussy, La., at the mouth of the Red River, which had been evacuated by the rebels. — During Stoneman's raid, the 5tli New York Cavalry engaged in a skirmisli at Shannon Hill, Va., and the 12th Illinois Cavalry at Tunstall Station, Va. May 5. — An advance on the rebel works on the Nansemond River was made by three col- umns of Union troops and it was found that they had been abandoned during the previous night. — Arrest of C. L. Vallandigham at Day- ton, Ohio. May 6.^A(lmiral Porter occupied Alexan- dria, Miss., without resistance. — At Tupelo, Miss., a rebel attack was made on a Missouri and Kansas Cavalry regiment which was de- feated with a loss of 90 prisoners and a large quantity of arms. — The LT. S. gunboat, Cuyler, captured the Eugenia off Mobile, Ala. May 7. — A reconnoissance toward White blouse, Va., resulted in the recapture of several prisoners taken by the rebels at Fredericksburg. — A force belonging to Stoneman's expedition arrived at Gloucester Point, Va., having marched around Lee's army. — Farragut's gun- boats bombarded and dismantled the rebel bat- teries at Washington, iVIiss. May 8. — Bombardment of Port Hudson, La. — A raiding expedition left Helena, Miss., and returned after 10 days, reporting the de- struction of a large amount of rebel stores and other property. — Stoneman rejoined Hooker on the Rappahannock, after one of the most brill- iant, daring and efficient cavalry raids of the war. May 9. — Resumption of the bombardment of Port Hudson without result.— The vicinity of Stone River, Tenn., was scouted by the 2nd Indiana Cavalry under Colonel E. M. McCook, guerrillas were dispersed and a large number of prisoners were captured. May 10. — At Civiques' Ferry, La., a skirm- ish took place, in which three infantry regiments were supported by a battery. — The assault on 68 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL Port Hudson was renewed and the batteries silenced. — Death of Stonewall Jackson. May 11. — At Horseshoe Bend and Bottom Narrows, Ky., a seven hour's engagement took place and 4,000 rebel guerrillas under Morgan were defeated with a loss of more than 100, the Union loss being 25. — Crystal Springs, Miss , was captured and burned by Union cavalry. — At Mount Vernon, Ark., a cavalry skirmish- took place under Colonel Clayton. May 12. — At Raymond, Miss., the rebels were defeated by McPherson,the rebel loss being 900 and the Union loss about half that number. — An expedition left Amite River, La., on an ex- pedition into Mississippi. They routed the rebels at Tickfaw, pursued them to Camp Moore and destroyed a bridge over the Tangipaho River.— Military operations at Hammond Sta- tion, La. — Colonel Breckenridge made a brilliant dash into Linden, Tenn. — Between Franklin and Woodbury, Ky., a body of Union troops routed a squad of mounted rebels. — At Fourteen Mile Creek, Miss., an infantr}^ skirmish con- nected with tlie ^'^icksbu^g campaign took place. May 13. —At Ponchatoula, La., the command of Colonel Davis dispersed a body of guerrillas and Choctaw Indians, capturing 17 of the latter and destroying the camp. — Evacuation of Yazoo City, Miss., by the rebels. — At South Union, Ky., tlie rebels were defeated. — The 2nle Creek, Tenn., a brilliant cavalry dash was made by General Palmer. — The privateer Cuba was destroyed by the gun- boat DeSoto off the harbor of Mobile. — Vallan- digham was sentenced to Fort Warren, Boston. May 17.— At the Big Black River Bridge, General Pemberton was again defeated with great slaughter by General Grant; the latter captured o,000 prisoners and lost 273. — Pem- berton retreated to Vicksburg. — Commencement of cavalry skirmishing near Fayetteville, Va., which continued four days. May 18. — Grant's army crossed the Big Black River on pontoon bridges and invested Vicks- burg; Haines Bluffwas abandoned by the rebels and occupied by Porter. — Near Sherwood, Mo., 45 Union soldiers were attacked by 200 guerril- las and 32 of the Union force were killed, wounded or captured. — The Crescent City with the 3rd Iowa Infantry on board was attacked by guerrillas.— The 170th New York Infivntry engaged in a skirmish at Carsville, Va. — In- vestment of Vicksburg by the land forces under Grairt and the fleet of Porter. May 19. — Near Winchester, Va., the rebels HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 69 were defeated in a skirmish. — At Richmond, Ray Co., Mo., a body of guerrillas defeated the home troops and drove them out. — Unsuccess- ful assault on Vicksburg. May 20.— The rebels were defeated in a skirmish at Fayetteville, Va. — Near Fort Gib- son, Ark., and Fort Blunt, I. T., an Indian brigade with the assistance of the 6th Kansas and 3rd Wisconsin cavalry defeated the rebels, killing 100 and loosing 46. — Unsuccessful as- sault on Vicksburg. — Union cavatry raid on the Rappahannock below Fredericksburg, Va. May 21. — A general assault on the works at Vicksburg was repulsed after nine hours severe lighting and a Union loss of about 2,000 killed and wounded. — A skirmish between guerrillas and Missouri troops occurred at Plattsville, Mo. — At Middleton, Tenn., a considerable action occurred in which both infantry and cavalry were engaged. — At Snyder's Bluff and Walnut Hills the rebel batteries were captured by General Steele. May 22. — Another assault on Vicksburg was repulsed with terrible slaughter among the Union troops. — A rebel camp at Gum Swamp, N. C, was captured and destroyed. As the Union force was retiring, the rebels were rein- forced and a severe fight followed, resulting in the repulse of the rebels with a loss of 200, the Union loss being 67. — Kilpatrick's cavalry re- turned to Gloucester Point after a successful raid in two counties in Virginia, a Union gun- boat having operated in conjunction with the land forces. — Actions occured at Batchelor's Creek, N. C.,and near Austin, Miss. — The Presi- dent changed Vallandigham's sentence to ban- ishment within rebel lines. May 24. — Austin, Miss., was de,stroyed in retaliation for an attack on a vessel belonging to EUett's command. — Lieutenant Walker started up the Yazoo River on a second expe- dition. — At Shawnee Creek, Kan., a wagon train was captured by guerrillas. May' 25. -A force of rebels crossed the Cum- berland River at Fishing Creek, Ky., and met with a repulse. — At Senatobia, Miss., the rebels were routed and driven south of the Talla- hatchie. — General Corcoran cut the Norfolk and Petersburg railroad. — A skirmish occurred at Helena, Ark., in which the 3rd Iowa and 5th Kansas Cavalry engaged. — An action took i^lace at Franklin, La. May 26. — The 17th Indiana Cavalry under Wilder returned to Mufreesboro, after an ex- tended scout to McMiunville, Tenn., having routed the rebel cavalry, captured many pris- oners and destroyed property. — Colonel Corwin left Corinth on an expedition info AlabaTna. — The U. S. gunboat Cincinnati was sunk while attempting to pass Vicksburg batteries, 40 of her crew being lost. — A cavalry action took place at Woodbury, Tenn. May 27.— Siege of Port Hudson, La. Gen- eral Banks assaulted Port Hudson along the whole line, the columns being commanded by Sherman, Weitzel, Grover, Paine and Auger; Arnold commanded the artillery and Farragut the gun and mortar boats. The action of this day was unsuccessful, the Union loss in killed and wounded being 800. The 1st Louisiana negro regiment acquitted themselves with great bravery. — At Lake Providence, La., a colored regiment engaged in a skirmish. — At Big Elk River Bridge, Miss., a skirmish occurred. May 28. — Return of Clendennin's scouting party on tlie Rappahannock and the Potomac to Hooker's headquarters after 11 days, in which a great amount of mischief to the rebels was wrought. — The 54th Massachusetts Regi- ment of colored troops, the first sent from the North, left Boston for Hilton Head, S. C. — In a skirmish near Doniphan, Mo., a slight Union defeat took place, the Union loss being 80,— 70 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL Bluffton, S. C, was destroyed. — A rebel victory occurred near Somerset, Ky. May 29. — Stuart's cavalry was routed near Thorouglifare Gap, Va. — A successful raiding party returned to Lake Providence, La. May 30. — A cavalry engagement took place at Greenwich, Va., the Union force pursuing and defeated a body of rebels. — Near Kettle Run, Va., a forage train of 14 cars was de- stroyed. — A rebel camp near Carthage, Tenn., was captured. — Four U. S. gunboats took pos- session of Tappahannock, Xa. — Return of a successful expedition from the Teche country to New Orleans, which brougiit in 625 wagons, 1,500 cattle, 3,120 mules and 5,975 negroes. May 31. — Colonel Corwin returned to Cor- inth, having defeated-Roddy's guerrillas on the 27th, at Florence, Ala., and destroyed factories, mills, foundries and a large amount of ammu- nition and arms. — The rebels defeated the Union militia in Lincoln county. Mo. — 16 rebels were captured near Monticello, Ky. — The gun- boat, Alert, burned accidentally at the Norfolk navy yard. June 1. — A reconnoissance in .search of .Joe Johnston under E. P. Blair, whicii started May 29th, returned without success. — Skirmishing occurred in Howard county. Mo. — James Island was evacuated by the rebels. June 2. — West Point, Va., evacuated by the Union troops. June 3. —Admiral Foote relieved Admiral Dupont from the command of the South Atlan- tic s(juadron. — A regnnent of colored troops left Beaufort and went up tiie Coosaw River, destroying a million dollars worth of property and returning with a thousand negroes for the Union service. — The rebel privateer, Florida, captured the ship, Tacony, of Philadelphia, and tlie rebel command was transferred to the captured vessel ; the Florida was burned. — Con- tinuation of the bombardment of Port Hudson. — Skirmish near Winchester, Tenn. June 4. — Near Murfreesboro, Tenn., Wheeler was rej)ulsed by two Indiana regiments. — Sim- ultaneous rebel charges were made at Franklin and Triune, Tenn., and both commands were defeated. — A rebel force was defeated at Sarto- ria, Miss. — An expedition from Yorktown, Va., proceeded to Walkertown and thence to Ay- lett's Inlet, where they destroyed a foundry, mills and stores. — Rebel guerrillas were de- feated near Fairfax, A'a. — Lynnsport, La., was destroyed by Union gunboats. — At Bluffton, S. C, the 48th New York engaged in a skirmish. — A cavalry engagement took place at Frying Pan, Va. — At Clinton, La., Grierson's cavalry engaged in a skirmish. June 5.— A fight took place at Deep Run, Va., which was a Union success, 150 rebel sharpshooters being captured. — Another por- tion of the .same command made a successful reconnoissance of the rebel position at Frank- lin's Crossing on the Rappahannock. In the skirmisiiing, 75 Union soldiers were killed and wounded and 96 rebel prisoners captured. — On the Warwick River, \'a., a detachment of the 6th New York Cavalry destroyed 23 boats and a schooner.— A rebel guerrilla force was routed at Liberty, Tenn. June 6. — In a railroad accident near Nicho- lasville, Ky., 18 Union soldiers were injured. — The rebel General McCulloch, with 2,500 troops attacked the 23rd Iowa and 575 colored soldiers at Milliken's Bend. 100 negroes were killed in cold blood, the rebels refusing to take them prisoners. Tlie entire Union loss was 500 and that of the rebels 725, who were repulsed, leav- ing 125 dead on the field. — An action took place at Shawneetown, Kan.— The 67th Penn- sylvania Infantry engaged in an action at Berryville, Va. HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 71 June S.— Skirinishes occurred at Culpepper, Va., and Brunswick, Mo. June 9.— At Monticello and Rocky Gap, Ky., a cavalry action took place in which the Union loss was 4 killed and 26 wounded, the rebels losing 20 killed and 80 wounded. — An engage- ment between the troops of Pleasanton and Lee occurred at Brandy Station and Beverly Ford resulted in the killing and wounding of 500 Union soldiers and a rebel loss of 700. June 1L — A cavalry skirmish, supported- by a L^. S. battery of artillery occurred at Middle- ton, \'a., the rebels sutfering a loss of 8 killed and 42 wounded. — Skirmishes and other mili- tary movements occurred at Orleans, Md., Poolesville, S. C, Slate Creek, Va., Seneca, S. C. and Darien, Ga. June 13.— Battle of Winchester, Va. Ewell, with a large force advanced upon Milroy, who had been lying some time at Winchester with 7,000 troops. After a heavy fight, Milroy retreated to Chambersburg, Pa., having lost 2,300 men captured, a considerable number in killed and wounded and with his command utterly broken and routed. — -Skirmishes took place at "Wilsons' Creek, Mo., Eunice, Ark., and Alligator Harbor, Fla. June 14. — Military movements took place at Hagerstown, Md., Fairfax, and Martinsburg, Xa. June 15. — Activities occurred at Greencastle, Ky., Chambersburg, Md., New Kent,.Va., and at Richmond, La. • June 16. A .severe skirmi.sh occurred at Triplett's Bridge, Ky., with a Union loss of 15 killed and 30 wounded. — Activities took place at Fleming's, Tenn., Harper's Ferry, Md., Lit- tles Town, Penn., and at Riclimond, Miss. June 17. — Kilpatrick's cavalry raided Aldie, Va., suffering a loss of 24 killed, 41 wounded and 89 missing ; the rebel loss was 100 wounded. Movements at Cbattahoochie, Ga., Paoli, Kas., Point of Rocks, Md., Warsaw Sound, Ga., Cory- dou, Ky., Orleans Md.— In a skirmish at West- port, Mo., 14 were killed and six wounded. — The rebel gunboat Atlanta was captured by the U. S. iron clad, Weehawken, the rebels los- ing one killed, 17 wounded and 145 prisoners. June 18. — Skirmishes took place at MidiUe- burg, \'a., Ripley, Tenn., Pocahontas, Miss., Fernando, Miss., and at Philomont, \'a. June 20. — Activities occurred at Frederick, Md., and South Quay, Va.— In a skirmish at Rocky Crossing, Miss., the l^nion loss was seven killed, 28 wounded and 30 mis.sing.— A light occurred at La Fourclie Crossing, La., in which the Federal loss was eight killed and 40 wounded ; the rebels lost 35 killed and 150 wounded. June 21. — Pleasanton's cavalry met the rebels at Upperville, Xa., and won the day with a loss of 94 wounded ; the rel)el loss was 20 killed, 100 wounded and 60 missing. — Skirmishing took place at South Mountain, Va., Cypress Bend, Miss., and Middlelnirg, \'a. June 22. — In a skirmish at Hill's Planta- tion, Miss., the Union less was four killed and 10 wounded. June 23. — A skirmish took place at Brashear City, La., resulting in a Union loss of 46 killed, 40 wounded and 300 missing; the rebel loss was 3 killed and 18 wounded. At Boston Mountain, Ky., and at Thibodeau, La., skir- mishes occurred. June 23 to 30. — In the course of Rosecrans' campaign from Murfreesboro to Tullahoma, fights occurred at Shelby ville, Middleton, Hoov- er's Gap, Beech Grove, Ijiberty Gap, Elk River, Tenn., and Winchester and Tullahoma were occupied. June 24. — Skirmishes took place at Hanover C. H., Va., West Point, Va., Shippensburg, Pa., Panola, Miss., Thibodeaux, La., Coldwater River, Miss, 72 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL June 25. — Skirmishes occurred at Wartrace, and Duck River, Tenn., Carlisle, Pa., and Fair- fax, Va. June 26. — The Union forces, commanded by Colonel Spear, captured the command of Ctcu. W. F. Lee at South Anna, Va., witli 300 horses and 35 wagons, loaded with supplies and munitions of war. June 27. —Activities took place at Fairfax and Anandale, Va., Portland, Md., Wriglits- ville, Tenn., and at York, Pa.; the rebels demanded $100,000 of the citizens at the latter place. June 28. — At the points named under this date various movements occurred ; South Anna and Rockville, Va.; Hillsboro and Hillsboro River, Ark., Columbia, Pa., Sporting Hill, Pa., Rover, Tenn., Oyster Point and Piuola. June 29. — Skirmishes took place at Wrights- ville, Tenn., Hagerstown, New Windsor, Sykes- ville, Reistertown, Md., Mariottsville, Ga., Dechard, Tenn., and Goodrich's Landing. June 30.— Skirmi.shes occurred at Sporting Hill and York, Pa., at Cashtown, Pa., Col- umbia, Tenn., Maryland Heights, Md., and Cabin Creek, Kas. July 1. — Battle of Gettysburg. After the fight at Chancellorsville, the two armies re- mained for some time inactive. Rumors of preparation in the rebel army for an invasion of Maryland or Pennsylvania prevailed during the latter days of May, and in June reconnois- sances by details from the Federal array began. Engagements took place at Beverlj' Ford and Brandy Station and, at the latter place, letters were captured wiiich indicated that Longstreet was already advancing Northward. It was dis- covere'd that cavalry were massing on theupjier Rappahannock and, before Hooker was aware, the rebel movement was far advanced. There were also indications that Washington might be the objective point of the rebels, and Hooker disposed his command for the protection of the Federal capital. The main army of Lee ad- vanced into Pennsylvania in two divisions, and, on the 27th of June, one column was 13 miles from Harrisburg. The other passed Gettysburg on the 2Sth and advanced to a point 30 miles south of Harrisburg. On the 28th, York was placed under a levy of $100,000 in Treasury^ Notes and a large amount of supplies. On the same date Lee, ordered a concentration of his forces on Gettysburg. Hooker's command had advanced to Frederick, Md., and, on this date he asked to be relieved, when General Meade was appointed to the command of the Army of the Potomac. The army was put in motioTi the next day and Reynolds was ordered to move forward to Gettj'sburg. July 1st he sent Gen- eral Buford with a cavalry force of 6,000 on a reconnoissance. He followed closely to find that Buford was hotly engaged with the rebels and hardly pressed. With the 1st Corps, com- prising 8,000 men, bedashed into the town and formed his lines under cover of Seminary Hill, opposing his weary soldiers against 20,000 rebels fresh from rest and inaction. He sent an urgent message to General Howard, in command of the 11th Corps, comprising 15,000 men and continued the struggle against the fearful odds. He fell early in the fight and General Double- day, assuming the command, held the Spartan troops until one o'clock, when two divisions of Howard's command arrived on the field. That general ordered his. remaining forces to occupy Cemetery Hill, foreseeing that a retreat was inevitable. The rebels charged the Union troops through the streets of Gettysburg and considerable confusion ensued when, suddenly, an artillery fire opened from Cemetery Hill and tiie rebel advance was checked. Atone o'clock in the morning General Meade arrived on Cemetery Ridge with the main part of the Army of the Potomac. On the morning of the 2nd HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 73 of July General Lee found liimsel confronted by the bulk of the Army of the Potomac. Activi- ties were delayed until about four in the after- noon when Lougstreet hurled his force against the Union "left" with the purpose of occupy- ing Round Top Hill. The fighting was terrific ; for a time it seemed as though the LTnion lines must yield but, reinforcements arriving, the federal troops dashed down upon the rebels and, with fierce cries, drove them in utter rout over the sharp and rolling stones. Mean- while, General Ewell had been massing his troops, to take the Baltimore road. About sundown he attacked the 11th Corps which was posted just northeast of Cemetery Hill, and he gained a foothold there which might give him control of the desired position in the morning. Such was the situation when night fell. Early on the morning of the 3rd, General Slocum made a vigorous attack on Ewell with a determination to regain the posi- tion lost the day before. The engagement soon became general ; rebel sharpshooters were posted in the houses of Gettysburg and per- formed effective service in picking off Union officers. This necessitated the shelling of the houises, but, fortunately, only a few were de- stro^'ed. Ewell's resistance was stubborn, but before noon he was driven back with fearful loss and the Union lines were re-established. For two hours hardly a gun was fired. Lee, be- coming convinced of the uselessness of further attempts on the Union right, deter- mined on a desperate onslaught on the Union lelt center, held by Hancock and in line of Meade's headquarters. About two o'clock the silence was broken by the thunder of two hun- dred rebel guns. The scheme was under- stood by the Union commanders and every Union gun on Cemetery Ridge and to the right and left was placed in position to act at the moment of crisis. The rebels followed their artillery onset with an infantry charge, and a line four miles in length rolled forward in a billow of battle until it was near enough for a deadly and effective fire from the Union guns, and Meade hurled against it his lines of infantry in unison with the cannonade with such terrific force that, at four o'clock in the afternoon of July 3rd, the day was won at Get- tysburg. On the 4th, the dead were buried, the wounded were being cared for and, in the afternoon, the rebel trains began to move Southward and, at dark the remainder of the rebel army was in motion. Lee took a position at Williamsburg, but retired as Meade ad- vanced, and continued his retrograde until he reached the Rappahannock. The Union losses at Gettysburg included 2,834 killed, 13,709 wounded and 6,643 missing. The aggregate rebel loss was 31,621. July 1. — Skirmishes and other aflPairs inci- dent to war occurred at Dechard, Tenn., Cabin Creek, Kas., Baltimore and Baltimore Cross Roads, Ky. ; and at July 2. — Beverly, Bottom's Bridge, Hunters- town, Rock Creek and Springs, Va. July 3. — Skirmishes occurred at Cashtown and Manchester, Pa., Cowan, Tenn., Morris Ferry and Farm, SufiFolk, Va., and at Harper's Ferry, Md. July 4. — Surrender of Vicksburg, Miss., by General Pemberton to General Grant. The casualties of the siege, (lasting 80 days) in- cluded 8,575 killed and wounded on the Union side and 10,000 confederates killed and wounded ; 27,000 prisoners surrendered who were paroled on the spot. — At Helena, Ark., an engagement between General Prentiss' division of the 16th Corps and the U. S. gunboat Tyler and the confederates under Generals Price, Holmes and Marmaduke took place, in which the latter were defeated with a loss of 173 killed and 687 wounded, 1,000 prisoners being 74 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL taken; Union loss: killed 57, wounded 117 and missing 32. — Skii-mislies at Tebb's Bend, Ky., Middletown, Md., and Rockey Hill, Va. July 4 and 5. — At Bolton and Birdsong Ferry, Miss., General Sherman's forces captured 2,000 confederates forming the rear of Johns- ton's army. — In a cavalry skirmish at Monterey Gap and Smithsburg, Md., and Fairfield, Pa., Kilpatrick's cavalry lost 30 in killed and wounded ; confederate loss was 30 killed and 800 wounded. July 5. — Skirmish at Lebanon, Ky„ with a loss to the Union force of eight killed and 15 wounded ; confederate loss, three killed and six wounded. July 5. — Skirmish at Wade's Point, ^"a., and at Chambersburg, Mo. July 6.— At Quaker's Bridge, N. C, a fight occurred in which six regiments and two bat- teries (Union) were involved. — At Hagerstown and Williamsport, Md., Kilpatrick's cavalry had a skirmish with the rebels. July 7. — In a cavalry encounter at luka. Miss., the Union force lost five killed and three wounded. — Skirmishes took place at Corinth and Natchez, Miss., Cumberland, Ky., and Lookout Mountain and Valley, Tenn. — At Boonesboro, Mo., a skirmish took place between the cavalry of Buford and Kilpatrick, resulting in a loss to the latter of nine killed and 45 wounded and covering two days. July 8. — Affair at Antietam, Md. July 9.— Surrender of Port Hudson by Gen- eral Gardner to General Banks after an invest- ment of 45 days. During the campaign and siege 5,000 prisoners had been taken and, on the date mentioned 6,400 prisoners of war marched out of the city. This removed the last barrier to the free navigation of the Missis- sippi River by the U.S.Government.-An engage- ment at Jackson, Miss., was followed by others at Bolton Depot, Canton and Clinton, Miss., within a week and including a loss of 100 killed, 800 wounded and 100 missing to the Union forces engaged and to the confederates, 71 killed, 504 wounded and 764 missing. July 10. — Admiral Dahlgren commenced the attacks ou the forts in Charleston harbor supported by a land force under General Gil- more. Fort Wagner was attacked and surren- dered September 6th. Between the two dates, the Union loss was 1,757 killed, wounded and missing; confederate loss, 561. Skirmishes, etc.,at Boonesboro, Sharpsburg, Md., Salem, Ind., Morris Island, S. C, also at July 11. — Antietam, Funktown, Md., and Vienna, Mo. July 12.— Skirmishes and other activities occurred at Funktown and Hagerstown, Md., and at Natchez, Miss. — An encounter between the Union solders and confederates at Jackson, Miss., involved a loss to the former of 300 killed and wounded. On the same day, an en- gagement took place in the vicinity, with a Union loss of 13 killed and wounded, while that of the confederates included 175 killed and wounded and the release of 400 conscripts. — A skirmish at Ashby's Gap involved a Union loss of two killed and eight wounded. July 13. — At Yazoo City, Miss., jthe division of General Herron with three gunboats, made an attack and captured 250 prisoners. — In an engagement at Jackson, Tenn., between four regiments of Union cavalry and several regi- ments of confederate troops, the casualties to the former were two killed and 20 wounded, and that of the latter included 38 killed and 150 wounded. — At Donaldsonville, La., an at- tack on the rebels was made by portions of Weitzel's and Grover's divisions of the 19th Army Corps in which the attacking force met with a loss of 450 killed, wounded and miss- ing.— The draft in New York commenced on the 11th and on Monday, the 13th, the riot HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 75 began with the destruction of the building in wliich it was prosecuted and, simultaneously, robbery, malicious acts towards citizens and general defiance to law and order supervened. The scenes of confusion continued four days and the disturbance was finally quelled by troops ordered from the army in Virginia to New York ; 1,000 persons had been killed among the rioters and about 50 of the op- posers of the riot. $2,000,000 worth of prop- erty was destroyed.— Skirmishes, etc., took place at Big Miami, Harrison and Harrison's Island, Ohio, at Venice and Williamstown, Va., and at Williamsport, Md. JuiA'H. — The 3rd Cavalry Division of the Army of the Potomac attacked the rebels under General Pettigrew at Falling Waters, Md.; the rebel commander was killed together with 125 soldiers and 1,500 prisoners were captured. The Union loss was 29 killed and 36 wounded.— An engagement occurred at Elk River, Tenn., with a Union loss of 10 killed and 30 wounded ; confederate loss, 60 killed, 24 wounded and 100 missing. — Skirmishing, etc.: Williamsport, Md.; Williamsburg, Va.; La Fourche, Ark.; Fort Powhatton, Va.; Chillicothe, Mo.; Chattanooga, Tenn.; Red River, La. July 15. — President Lincoln issued a procla- mation, appointing Aug. 6th a day of National Thanksgiving for the Union victories of Gettys- burg and Vicksburg. In a skirmish at Pulaski, Ala., the confederate loss was three killed and 50 missing. — An encounter with the rebels at Haltown, Va., resulted in a loss of 25 Union soldiers and 20 confederates.r— Skirmishes at Charleston, \^a., and Hickman, Ky. July 16. — The steamer Imperial arrived at New Orleans from St. Louis ; this was the first trip made on the Mississippi River in two years. — A skirmish occurred at Shepherdstown, Va., in whicii the rebels lost 25 killed and 75 wounded. — Skirmishes occurred at Elk Creek, Ark., Piketon, Mo., and James Island, Va. July 17. — At Honey Springs on Elk River, Ark., a hot engagement took place between General Blunt with 3,000 infantrj^ 250 cavalry and four pieces of artillery and General Cooper with 6,000 rebels ; after several hours' heavy fighting the rebels were defeated, leaving the Federals in possession of the field and 150 of their dead, 77 prisoners and 400 wounded, whom they afterwards removed. Cabell arrived too late for the fight with 3,000 Texans and retired during the night. The Union loss was 17 killed and 60 wounded. The rebel supplies and munitions of war were also captured. — A fight occured at Wytheville, W. Va., with a loss of 17 killed and 61 wounded among the Union sol- diers and a confederate loss of 75 killed and 125 missing. — Six I'egiments of infantry, four of cavalry and a battery of artillery encountered the rebels in force at Canton, Miss., forcing them to evacuate the town. — Skirmishes etc. : Elk Creek, Ark. ; Huutsville, Ala. ; Corinth, Miss. July 18. — The action known as "Potter's cavalry raid" to Tar River and Rocky Mount, N. C, resulted in a Union loss of 60 wounded. — Skirmishes etc. : Morris Island and Holly Springs, Miss. July 19. — The Union forces, commanded by Colonels Tolland and Powell, destroyed the Virginia and Tennessee railroad at Wytheville, Va., and lost 65 in killed and wounded. Con- ■ federate loss, 75 killed and 150 prisoners.— Skirmi.shes occured at Sparta, Tenn., Cooley- ville. Miss., and Greenville, Mo. July 20. — Skn-mishes at Geiger's Creek, Pa.; Gregg's Creek, and Pomeroy. July 22. — Skirmish at Brashear City, La. July 23. — In an encounter with the rebels at Manassas and Chester Gaps, Va., the Union force lost 30 killed and 80 wounded. The con- federate loss was 300 killed and 60 prisoners. 76 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL An unimportant affair transpired at Front Royal, Va. July 24. -Skirmishes took place at Brashear City, La.; Washington, Ohio; Big Mound, Miss., and Charleston, S. C. July 26. — In a skirmish at Pattacassey Creek, N. C, three Union soldiers were killed, and 17 wounded. They belonged to the force of General Hickman. — An affair of small mo- ment took place at Smyrna, Tonn. July 27. — Collision at Lexington, Tenn. July 28. — Affair at Richmond, Ky. July 29. — Skirmishes on the following dates at the following places: Natchez; Paris, Ky.; Paris, Va.; St. Catharines, Mo. July 30 and 31. — Fairfax, and Paris, Va.; Paris, Ky.; Winchester, Ky.; Stanford, Ky. Aug. 1. — Actions to August 3rd, at Rappa- hanock Station, Brandy Station and Kelly's Ford, Va., with a Union loss of 16 killed and 134 wounded. — Skirmishes at Aldie, Va., and Bird's Point, Mo. Aug. 3. — At Jackson, La., three regiments of U. S. colored troops had an encounter with the rebels in which they lost two killed, two wounded, and 27 missing.— Skirmishing took place at Smith's Island, and Jackson, N. C. Aug. 5. — In a naval engagement on the James river, at Dutch Gap, Va., m which the U. S. gunboats, Commodore Barney and Co- hassett were engaged ; the loss on the Union side was three killed and one wounded. — Skir- mish at White Oak Bridge, Va. Aug. 6. — Slight skirmish at Fairfax, Va. Aug. 7. — In an action at New Madrid, Mo., the Union loss was one killed and one wounded. Aug. 9. — A cavalry encounter took place at Sparta, Tenn., in which the Union force lost six killed and 25 wounded. — Small affair at Wood- ville, Mo. Aug. 11. — At Accatink, Va., an unimportant skirmish occurred. Aug. 12.— On Point Rock River, Md., an affair of no consequence occurred. Aug. 13. — A considerable engagement took place at Grenada, Miss., in which several Union regiments were engaged ; casualities not ob- tainable. Aug. 14.— At West Point, on the White river. Ark., an action took place, in which the 32nd Iowa Infantry was supported by the United States gunboats, Lexington, Cricket and Mariner. The town was shelled and the Union loss included two killed and seven wounded. — At Poolesville, S. C, an affair took place without important results. Aug. 15. — Skirmishes occurred at Pasquo- tonk and Hertford. Aug. 16. — A slight engagement without re- sults took place at Bridgeport, Ky. Aug. 17. — Fort Sumter fired on ; attacks fol- lowed on the 20th, and 22nd. Aug. 18. — At Pocahontas, Ark., a slight affair occurred. Aug. 21. — Quantrell, with a guerrilla force of 300, raided Lawrence, Kansas, destroying the finest buildings and at 10 o'clock in the morn- ing 140 men had been slaughtered, 24 wounded and 200 buildings pillaged and burned and, when the rebels took their departure, the flames were raging. — On the same day unimportant scrimmages occurred at Chattanooga, Tenn., and Leestown, Va. Aug. 22. — At Pocahontas, Ark., Gen. Jeff C. Thompson, (rebel) and staff, together with 100 prisoners were captured. Aug. 23.— Skirmish at Shell Mound, Miss., without important results. Aug. 24. — In a skirmish at Coyle's Tavern in the vicinity of Fairfax C. H., Va., two Union soldiers were killed and three wounded ; the confederate loss was two killed and four HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 77 wounded. — At Fredericksburg, Va., Little River, Mo., and Corbin's Bridge, skirmisbes of bttle moment took place. Aug. 25. — Averill, with a cavalry force, made a raid in West Virginia which occupied five days and in which were slaughtered three Union soldiers and 10 others wounded. — At Perry ville, Ky., a slight encounter occurred. — Davidson with a considerable cavalry force made a six-days raid on Brownsville, Texas. A skirmish took place at Bayou Metoe and Austin, Ark., in which 13 Union soldiers were killed and 72 wounded. Aug. 26. — In a cavalry dash into West Vir- ginia, a lively skirmish occurred at Rocky Gap in the Allegheny Mountains, in the vicinity of White Sulphur Springs, in which the Union loss was 16 killed and 113 wounded ; confeder- ate loss, 156 killed and wounded. — A consider- able encounter occurred at Perryville, Ark., also at Vinegar Hill in the series of actions under General Gilmore on the forts in Charleston har- bor. Aug. 27. — Skirmishes occurred at Hartwood Church, Va.; Bayou Metoe, Ark.; Clark's Neck, Ky.; Vicksburg, Miss., also at Au(i. 29. — Bottom's Bridge, Va.; Maysville, Ala., and Aug. 30. — At Stevenson, Ala., and Falling Waters, Va. Aug. 31. — At Vandalia, Ind., a riot was threatened ; at Austin, Ark., a slight cavalry skirmish took place. Sept. 1. — In a scrimmage at Barbee's Cross Roads, Va., the Gth Ohio cavalry encountered a force of rebels and lost two men killed and four wounded. — In Arkansas, at Devil's Back Bone, known also as Fort Smith and Cotton Gap, a sharp encounter occurred conducive to the general results of Steele's operations to se- cure the State to the United States. — At Fort Royal and Knoxville, Tenn., unimportant af- fairs occurred. Sept. 2. — Skirmishes at Kingston, Tenn., and Port Conway, Va. Sept. 3. — On this date, two infantry regi- ments and one cavalry regiment had a fight with the Indians at White Stone Hill, Dak. Ter., which continued until the night of the 5th. Sept. 4. — Continuation of the affair at Knox- ville, Tenn. Sept. 5. — In a skirmish at Limestone Sta- tion, Tenn., in which five companies of the 100th Ohio Infantry was involved, the action resulted in a loss to the command of 12 killed and 20 wounded; confederate loss, 6 killed and 10 wounded. — At Moorefield, W. Va., the 1st West Virginia Infantry sustained an attack from rebel invaders. Sept. 6. — ^At Brandy Station, Va., a cavalry encounter occurred. —The beginning of the end of the actions in Charleston harbor was manifest. Sept. 7.— Evacuation of Fort Wagner. Two fruitless assaults were made on Fort Wagner by the ironclads under Admiral Dahlgren. Heavy siege guns were placed in position and the land forces under Gilmore made another effort to accomplish the desired result and met with repulse with great loss, especially to the colored regiments. Other batteries were placed ill position and the work carried on, the " Swamp Angel " sending shells into the city of Charleston. (The gun burst on the 36th round.) An order was issued by Gilmore to carry the fort by storm, but the entrenchments were evacuated by the rebels on the 7th after a bombardment of three weeks. Fort Gregg surrendered or was evacuated and 26 heavy guns were captured. Meanwhile, Charleston had been persistently shelled and Fort Sumter reduced to shapeless ruin.— At Cumberland Gap, Ky., and Morgan's Bend, skirmishes took 78 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL place ; also at Bear Skin Lake, Mo., at Ashley's Mills, Ark., and on the Atchafaylaya River, La. Sept. 8. — On this day and on the 9th and 10th, operations were carried on at Chattanooga, Tenn., including an overlooking of the situa- tion at Lookout Mountain. — Skirmishes, etc., at Baton Rouge, La., Bath, Va., Frick's Gap, Pa., Trenton, Tenn., Sabine Pass, La., and Winston's Gap, Md. — A night attack on Fort Sumter was made. Sept. 9. — Skirmishes, etc.: Dardanelle, Ark., Fort Moultrie, S. C, Tilford, Cumberland Gap, Tenn., Weber's Falls, Ind. Territory. Sept. 10. — Knoxville, Tenn., was occupied by the Union force under General Burnside. — At Fort Smith a skirmish occurred. — At Little Rock, Ark., and Brimstone Creek, Tenn., skirmishes occurred. Sept. 11. — Skirmishes, etc.: Pine Bluff, Ark., Moorefield, W. Va., Stevens' Gap, Ringgold, Ga., Waldron, Ark.; at Ringgold the Union loss was eight killed and 19 wounded ; confederate casualties, three killed and 18 missing. Sept. 10. — Little Rock, Ark., surrendered to the Union troops under General Steele. — At Graysville, Ga., a squad of cavalry belonging to the Army of the Cumljerland encountered the rebels. Sept. 12. — In an action at Sterling's Plan- tation, La., the Union troops lost three killed and three wounded. Sept. 13. — At Culpepper, Va., an encounter resulted in a Union loss of three killed and 40 wounded; confederate loss, 10 killed, 40 wounded and 75 missing. Skirmishes etc. : Swallow Blutf and Paris, Tenn.; Grant's Bluff, Ind.; Lett's Tanyard, Ga. In the latter, Wilder's mounted brigade sustained a loss of 50 killed and wounded and the confederates the same. Sept. 14. — Cavalry skirmish at Rapidan Station, in which the loss to the Union troops was eight killed and 40 wounded. — In a similar encounter at Mdalia, La., the Federals lost two killed and four wounded ; confederate loss six killed and 11 wounded. — The 5th Kansas cav- alry fought two days at Brownsville, Ark. — A skirmish took place at Seneca Station, Ind. Ter. Sept. 15. — Cavalry skirmishes at Hendrick's, Miss., and Sraithfield, Va. — A scrinimage oc- curred at Dover Landing, Miss. Sept. 16. — At White Plains, Va., a skirm- ish occurred. Sept. 19. — Battle of Chickamauga, Ga. This battle was conducted by the Army of the Cum- berland under Major-General Rosecrans and included the 14th Army Corps, General Thomas commanding, the 20th Corps under General McCook and the 21st Corps, commanded by General Crittenden with the Reserve Corps under General Gordon Granger. The opposing confederate force was commanded by General Bragg re-enforced by Longstreet, sent from the rebel army on the Potomac for that purpose, Buckner's division was also attached to Bragg's command and, contrary to all the rules of war, Pemberton's men, paroled by Grant at Vicks- burg, increased the rebel forces. Battle was precipitated by the 14th Corps and by 10 o'clock in the morning of the first day the troops on both sides were heavily engaged. The rebels were first driven back, which was followed by a like result to the Union force. In many parts of the field the contest was virtually waged hand ; to hand, batteries being taken and retaken on both sides and prisoners in considerable num- ber. Night came on without decisive results. On the morning of the 20th, a dense fog ob- scured the positions of the armies and, when it lifted, Bragg's army was discovered massed in line of battle on the right. The Union left was re-enforced and, Longstreet, discovering the weakened condition of the federal right, made an attack there and on the center with dis- astrous results to the Union troops. At this HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 79 point Thomas won liis title of "Rock of Chick- amauga". He held his troops inflexibly and secured the "Key to the situation in the West- ern Division". He made a successful resistance to the repeated assaults on his troops and, at night, the Army of the Cumberland withdrew to the entrenchments at Chatianooga leaving their dead and wounded on the field. Chicka- mauga is considered as one of the hardest fought and bloodiest conflicts of the rebellion. While the advantage was to the] rebels ostensibly, it was entirely fruitless to them. Bragg's army was weakened beyond repair, his loss being 2,.380 killed, 13,412 wounded and 2,000 miss- ing. The casualties in the Union commands were 1,644 killed, 9,262 wounded and 4,945 missing. — On this date slight skirmishes oc- cured at Lafayette and Rossville, Ga., and also at Perryville, Ky., and at Fort Smith, Ark. Sept. 21. — Slight cavalry engagements took place at White's Ford, Va., and Bristol, Tenn. Sept. 22. — In a cavalry skirmish at Madison C. H., Va., 21 Union soldiers were killed and wounded. — A similar action took place at Blountsville, Tenn., with a loss on the Union side of five killed and 22 wounded and to the rebels, 165 killed, wounded and missing. — A skirmish at Rockville, Md., resulted in a con- federate loss of 34 killed and wounded. — At Carter's Station and Johnson's Depot, Tenn., slight actions took place. — A small skirmish occurred at Thoroughfare Gap, Yn. Sept. 23. — Skirmishes took place at Rich Mountain, Va., and Fort Fisher, N. C. Sept. 24. — Skirmish at Zollicoff'er, Tenn. Sept. 25.— A cavalry skirmish took place at Upperville, ^^a., and a military movement occurred at Donaldsonville, La. — A cavalry skirmish occurred at Redbone Church, Mo. Sept. 26. — A cnvalry fight occurred at Cal- houn or Haguewood Prairie, Tenn., with a Union loss of 66 in killed, wounded and missing. Sept. 27.— In a skirmi-sh at Moffatt's Station, Ark., the Union casualties were two killed and two wounded; confederate, five killed and 20 wounded. Sept. 28. — A skirmish occurred at McMinn- ville and Blue Springs, Tenn. — An attack was made on Fort Sumter. Sept. 29. — A skirmish occurred at Morgan- zia, La., in which the Union loss was 14 killed, 40 wounded and 400 missing. — Military actions also occurred at Pasquotonk River and at Moore's Bluff" and Mill, Va. Sept. 30. — A cavalry skirmish took place at Swallow's Bluff", Tenn., and another at Fort Johnson. Oct. 1. — In an action at Fort Simpkins, Anderson's Gap, Tenn., 38 Union soldiers were killed and wounded. Oct. 2.- At Anderson's Cross Roads, Tenn., McCook's cavalry attacked the rebels and sus- tained a loss of 70 killed and wounded ; the confederates lost 200 killed and wounded. — A slight skirmish occurred at Franklin, La. Oct. 3. — In a skirmish at IMcMinnville, Tenn., the Lhiion loss was seven killed and 31 wounded ; confederate loss, 23 killed and wounded. — At Thompson's Cove, Tenn., a con- siderable cavalry skirmish occurred. Oct. 4. — In a fight at Neosho, Mo., the Union loss was one killed, 14 wounded and 43 miss- ing. — Skirmishes took place on this date at Ver- millionville and Newton, La.; Blue Springs, Mo.; Murfreesboro Road, Tenn. Oct. 5. — The rebels attacked a stockade at Stone River, Tenn., and wounded six Union soldiers and captured 44. — In a skirmish at Glasgow, Ky., the Union loss was three wounded ; the confederate loss, 13 wounded.— Skirmishes occurred at Harper's Ferry, Va.; Blue Springs and Wartrace, Tenn., and at New Albany, Miss. Oct. 6. — Massacre at Baxter's Springs, Ark. m CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL Quantrell's guerrillas, disguised in Federal uni- forms, assaulted General Blunt, commanding the Army of the Frontier escorted and by about 100 cavalrymen and colored troops en route for Fort Scott. The general escaped with 15 men ; ti;e remainder were captured, robbed and mur- dered in cold blood. — At Fort Blair, Ark., Shel- byville, Tenn., and Brownsville, Mo., slight skirmishes took place. Oct. 7. — A fight near Farmington, Tenn., resulted in a Union loss of 15 killed and 60 wounded ; the confederate loss was 10 killed, 60 wounded and 240 missing,— Military move- ments occurred at Como, Miss., and on the Red River. Oct. 8. — Skirmishes took place at Raccoon Ford, Ga.; New Hope Church, and Charles- town, Va., at Carthage, Tenn., and Salem, Miss. Oct. 9. — Skirmishes occurred near Pulaski, Tenn., and at Fort Scott, Ark. Oct. 10. — A cavalry encounter at Rapidan, Va., resulted in a Union loss of 20 wounded. — Pleasanton's cavalry attacked the rebels at James City or Robertson's Run, Va , and lost 10 in killed and 40 wounded. — Cavalry and in- fantry of the Army of the Ohio encountered the rebels at Blue Springs, Tenn., and sustained a loss of 100 in killed, wounded and missing ; the confederates lost 66 killed and 150 missing. — Skirmishes occurred at Vermillion Bayou, La., and at Ingham's Plantation, Miss. Oct. 11.— At Henderson's Mill, Tenn., the 5th Indiana Cavalry had an encounter with the rebels which cost them a loss of 11 in wounded; then inflicted a loss of 30 on their opponents. — Skirmishes occurred at Whitaker's Mills, Zol- licoffer's Heights, Rheatown and Collinsville, Tenn., and at Brazos Island, Texas. Oct. 12. — Fight at Jeft'ersonton, Ya,.; Union loss 12 killed, SO wounded and 400 missing. — In an action at Ingham's Mills and at Wyatt, Miss., the respective losses were : Union, 45 ; confederate, 50; the actions continued on the 13th. — On the .same date a fight took place at Warrenton, Springs, (Culpepper) Va., in which the Union force lost eight killed and 46 wounded. — On the same date a cavalry and in- fantry encounter from Lamine's Crossing to Merrill's Crossing, in Missouri occurred, the Union force losing 16 killed, and the confeder- ates 53 killed and 70 wounded.— On tlie same date a cavalry division of the Army of the Ohio encountered the rebels at Blountsville, Tenn., and lost six in wounded ; confederate loss eight killed and 26 wounded. — On the same date, detachments of two regiments of West Virginia Volunteers met the rebels at Bulltown, Va., and inflicted a loss of nine killed and 60 wounded. — Skirmishes took place at Brandy Station, Xa,., and Coldwater River, Miss. Oct. 13. — On the Big Black, Miss., General McPherson made a cavalry and infantry recon- noissance. — Skirmishes occurred at Winchester, Va., Belltown, Tenn., and Maysville, Ala. Oct 14. — In a fight at Auburn, Va., a detach- ment of the Army of the Potomac lost 11 killed and 42 wounded ; confederate lo.ss, 8 killed and 24 wounded. — At Bristoe Station, Va., General Warren, with detachments from the 5th Corps and a cavalry division, defeated Hill's corps, capturing 500 prisoners ; the Union loss was 51 killed, 329 wounded and that of the rebels was 750 killed and wounded and 450 missing. — At Salt Lick, Va., a detachment of West Virginia volunteers fought the rebels. Oct. 15. — At Liberty Mills, Va., a fight oc- curred, in which the Federal loss was two killed and 25 wounded ; confederate loss, 60 killed and wounded.— On the same date, a skirmish occurred at Blackburn Ford and Hedgeville, Va.— In a series of encounters at Canton, Brownsville and Clinton, Miss., the confederate ^^^. S^^. ^. dK<^eUtL £i*t. HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 81 loss was 200 in killed and wounded. Three days were occupied in the several fights. Oct. 16 — In a skirmish at Cross Timbers, Mo., the confederate loss was two killed and eight wounded. — At Martinsburg, Va., a slight col- lision with the rebels took place. Oct. 17. — Two blockade runners were des- troyed in Tampa Bay, Fla., Ijy U. S. gunboats Tahoma and Adela. — Skirmishes at Chantilly and Accatink and Rapidan, Va., and Clinton, Miss., and at Humansville, Mo. Oct. 18. — In a scrimmage at Charlestown, W. Va., the 9th Maryland lost 12 killed, 13 wounded and 379 missing. — The 34th Massachusetts In- fantry attacked the rebels at Berrysville, Va., supported by the 17th Indiana Battery, in which they lost two killed and four wounded ; confed- erate loss, five killed, 20 wounded. — A slight afftiir took place at Sharpsburg, Md. Oct. 19.— At Buckland's Mills, Va., Kilpat- rick's cavalry attacked the rebels, sustaining a loss of 20 killed, 60 wounded and 100 missing, while that of the confederates was 10 killed and 40 mis.sing. — A slight skirmish took place at Gainesville, Va. Oct. 20. — Rosecrans was relieved of the com- mand of the Army of the Cumberland, and General Thomas made his successor. — On the same date a heavy skirmish took place at Phila- delphia, Tenn., in which the Union force lost 20 killed, 80 wounded and 354 missing ; the confederate casualties amounted to 15 killed, 82 wounded and 111 missing. — At Haymarket, Va., and Barton Station, Miss., unimportant actions occurred. Oct. 2 1 . — A skirmish occured at Cherokee Sta- tion, Ala,, in which the losses to the Union side were seven killed and 37 wounded ; the other side lost 40 in killed and wounded. — At Ope- lousas. La., a detachment of Bank's troops from the 19th Corps met the rebels. — At Vermillion, La., and Warrenton, Va., there were actions of small account. Oct. 22. — At Beverly Ford, Va., six Union soldiers were killed in a scrimmage with the rebels. — Slight affair at Columbia, Ky., also at New Madrid Bend, Tenn. Oct. 23. — Danville, Tenn., raided by rebels. — At Tullahoma, Tenn., a supply train was attacked by rebel bushwhackers and defended by an Indiana regiment. Oct. 24.— Skirmishes, etc.: Adairsville, Ga., Beverly, Rappahanock Station and Bealton, Va., and Sweetwater, Tenn. Oct. 25.-^The 5th Kansas Infantry and 1st Indiana Cavalry had a fight with the rebels at Pine Bluff, Ark., in which tlieir loss was 11 killed and 27 wounded ; confederate loss, 53 killed and 164 wounded. — Skirmishes at Col- liersville, Tenn., and Ci'eek Agency, Ind. Terr. Oct. 26. — In a skirmish at Cane Creek, Ala., two Union soldiers were killed and six wounded; the rebels lost 10 killed and 30 wounded. — At Philadelphia, Tenn., a slight skirmish occurred. — In a cavalry skirmish at A'incent Cross Roads, Miss., the Union force sustained a loss of 14 killed and 25 wounded. — Skirmish at Brown's Ferry, Tenn.; Union loss five killed and 21 wounded. — In a heavy encounter at Wauhatchie, Tenn., between the 11th Corps and the 2nd Division, 12th Corps and con- federate troops, the Union loss was 76 killed, 339 wounded and that of the rebels 300 killed and 1,200 wounded. — At Charleston, S. C, the Federal attacks continued and a reconnoisance took place at Lookout Mountain. Oct. 28. — Skirmishes, etc.: Clarksville, Ala., and Leiper's Ferry, Tenn., and Arkadelphia, Ala., and Greenville, Mo. Oct. 29.— Fight at Cherokee Station, Ala., in which the 1st Division of the 5th Corps engaged the rebels. — At Lookout Mountain operations still continued. 82 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL Oct. 30. — During tlie closing daj'^s of this month and for a number of days in early November, the operations in the valley of the Tennessee continued. — In the course of the month of October, several steam rams, built by the Lairds in England for the confederates, were seized and held by the British Government. Nov. 1. — Actions at Washington, N. C, and Fayetteville, Tenn. Nov. 2. — At Waynesville, N. C, and Brazos de Santiago, Texas, slight encounters took place. Nov. 3. — Heavy cavalry action at Grand Coteau, variously designated as Carrion Crow Bayou, Bayou Bourbeaux and Ba3'ou Teche. The 23rd Wisconsin achieved much of the final success of this event in which General Bur- bridge of the 19tli Corps was attacked b}' a heavy rebel force and driven until reinforce- ments enabled him to return the compliments of the confederates, with a loss of 26 killed, 124 wounded and 576 missing ; the confederate loss being 60 killed, 320 wounded and 65 miss- ing. — Action at New Lawrence. — At Bayou Queue, La., an action preliminary to that at Grand Coteau resulted in a heavy loss to both forces. — In a skirmish at Centerville and Piney Factory, Tenn., the confederate force lost 15 killed. — In a fight at CoUiersville and Mos- cow, Tenn., seven Union soldiers were killed and 57 wounded; confederate loss,- 100 wounded ; the action lasted two days. Nov. 4. — Skirmishes at Fort Brown continu- ing two days, at Swan's Quarter, N. C, Law- renceburg, Tenn., and Medley's Ford, Little Tennessee River. Nov. 5. — Skirmishes at Point Isabel and Brownsville, Texas, and Mill Point in West Virginia. Nov. 6. — Skirmishes at Rogersville, Tenn. — In a fight at Droop Mountain, Ya., the Union loss was 31 killed and 94 wounded; confeder- ate los.s, 50 killed, 250 wounded and 100 miss- ing. — The federal garrison at Rogersville, Tenn., was attacked by rebels from Virginia. Nov. 7. — Fight at Rappahannock Station,Va. At this point the rebel intrenchments were strong and defended by heavy guns. General Russell asked to be permitted, to make the assault, stating that two regiments of his com- mand could accomplish the desired result and the attack was accordingly made by the 5th Wisconsin and 6th Maine. The latter was employed as skirmishers, the former being in close supporting distance and the works were taken at the bayonet's point. Union loss, 370 killed and wounded ; confederate loss, 11 killed, 98 wounded and 1,629 missing. — A heavy skirmish at Kelley's Ford, Va., resulted in a Union loss of 70 killed and wounded and a confederate loss of five killed, 59 wounded and 259 missing. — A cavalry skirmish occurred at Stevensburg, Va., in which a detachment of the Army of the Potomac was engaged. Nov. 8. — Skirmishes at Clarksville, Ark., (two Union killed) Muddy Run and Sulphur Spring, Tenn. Nov. 8. — At Bayou Sara, Miss., a small ac- tion took place. Nov. 11. — The 6th Mississippi, colored troops, attacked the rebels at Natchez with a loss of four killed and six wounded ; confeder- ates lost four killed and eight wounded. Nov. 12. — Skirmish at Roseville, Ark. Nov. 13. — In a skirmish at Trinity River, Cal., an action took place in which the Cali- fornia Mountaineer Infantry participated. Nov. 14. — A struggle occurred at Hufl"'s Ferry, Tenn., in which the Union lo.ss was 25 wounded. — An engagement at Marysville, Tenn., resulted in a Union loss of 100 in killed and wounded. — A cavalry skirmish took place at Rockford, Tenn. Nov. 15. — Skirmish at Loudon Creek, Tenn. HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 83 (near Kiioxville), in whicli the Union loss was four killed and 12 wounded; confederate loss, six killed and 10 wounded. — At Lenoirs, Tenn., and, on the Holston River, skirmishes occurred in which infantry and cavair}' were engaged. (These were preliminary to the approaching siege of Knoxville). — Slight skirmishes took place at Summersville, Xii., and Bear Creek, Mo.; also at Morton's Ford, Ala., and Corpus Christi, Texas. Nov. 16. — Skirmishes at Campbell Station, Lavergne, and Gallatin, Tenn., and Charles City Cross Roads, Va. Nov. 17. — Siege of Knoxville. The move- ments preliminary to the active operations against the city commenced on the 14th. Grant had operated strategetically to draw Longstreet to Knoxville and the Union forces were disposed accordingly. After falling back to Lenoir's, Burnside designed to continue the movement until he arrived at Campbell's Sta- tion. Longstreet made an unsuccessful attempt to reach that position first and, while Hart- ranft's division engaged the rebels there on the 16th, Burnside hastened towards Knox- ville. He formed in line of battle in a position which covered the approaches to Knoxville and was there attacked. The rebels were re- pulsed with a loss of 570 killed and wounded, the Union casualties being 60 killed and 340 wounded. On the same day, Longstreet as- saulted the rear of Burnside's position who fell back to one equally secure. Longstreet re- peated liis attempt with vigor, but was forced to withdraw. At night, Burnside retired to the intrenchments within the city. On the 17th, skirmishing continued on the Lenoir road and, on the 18th, the direct attack on the city was made, falling principally on Sander's cavalry, the purpose being to drive them into the city and to follow with a charge. Tlie cavalry re- sistance lasted three hours and, when they were forced back, the onset of Longstreet was cheeked by the batteries at Rebel Point. Sanders re- newed the conflict against fearful odds and he fell about four o'clock in the afternoon, the position he had so strenuously defended Ijeing, soon after, occupied by the enemy. This ad- vantage was of no practical account to Long- street and he determined to cease active opera- tions, but to reduce by regular siege. Burnside was su})plied wuth the "sinews of war" beyond the knowledge of the rebel chief and, after sev- eral days, Grant's success at Lookout Mountain and Mission Ridge increased the peril of the rebels. Realizing this, Longstreet attacked Fort Sanders on the morning of the 29th of November to meet with terrible punishment and, after six days of repeated reverses and great loss, retired. Nov. 17. — Skirmishes, etc." Willow Ci'eek, Cal.; Mount Jackson, Va.; Mustang Island, Texas. Nov. 18. — Skirmishes, etc.: Newmarket, Va.; Germania Ford, Alexandria, La.; Bridgeport, Ala.; Carrion Crow Bayou, La. Nov. 19. — Lincoln made his celebrated speech at the dedication of a National cemetery at Gettysburg, Pa. — In a skirmish at Union City, Tenn., the Union force sustained a loss of one killed ; the confederate loss included 11 killed and 53 prisoners. Nov. 20. — A skirmish of little account took place at Abbeville, La. Nov. 21. — At Waterproof, La., the steamer Welcome was attacked by a rebel squad. Nov. 23. — Battle of Lookout Mountain and Missionary Ridge. General Grant's army com- prised the Army of the Cumberland, the 11th and 12th Corps of the Army of the Potomac under Hooker and the Corps of Sherman. The confederate forces were commanded by General Bragg. On the 23rd, General Thomas seized Orchard Knob and the next day General Hooker 84 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL took Lookout Mountain. Meanwhile, Sherman was attacking the rebels entrenched on Mission- ary Ridge. On the 25th, Bragg disposed his force to repel Sherman and Grant ordered Thomas to attack the point whence Bragg had withdrawn his troops. In accordance with this, an attack was made on the ritlepits at the base of the ridge and the glorious onset which re- sulted in the capture of the summit and the planting of the Union colors thereon. The success of the Union arms was wholly due to the enthusiasm under which the charge up the heights was made. The captured batteries of the rebels were turned against them and Grant ordered an immediate pursuit of the fleeing troops of Bragg, _j'ho made a feeble resistance at Ringgold's and fled. The situation at Knox- ville precluded a continued chase of Bragg's army. In these actions, the loss to the Union army was 6,000. That ot the confederates, in- cluding prisoners, was 9,000. Their loss in guns small arms, provisions and ammunition was heavy. — Skirmi.shes at- Tunnel Hill and Citico Creek, Tenn. Nov. 24. — A skirmish took place at Sparta, Tenn., resulting in a slight confederate repulse. — At Barnwell's Island, S. C, a regiment of colored troops encountered a rebel squad. Nov. 25. — A cavalry and infantry regiment, supported by a battery, had a lively skirmish with the rebels. Nov. 26. — Mine Run, Va. In the several actions at Raccoon Ford, New Hope, Robertson's Tavern, Bartlett's Mills and Locust Grove, between the rebels under General Lee and Gen- eral Meade commanding the Army of the Potomac, consisting of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 5th and 6th Corps, and the 1st and 2nd Cavalry Divisions of the army, the Union loss was 100 killed and 400 wounded, while the rebels lost about the same number as nearly as can be ascertained. These operations lasted two days.— Skirmishes occurred at Beersheba Springs and Kingston, Tenn., at Bonfouca, La., Greenville and Warm Springs, N. G, Rapidan Station and Brandy Station, Va., Chickamauga, Ga. Nov. 27. — Andersonville confederate military prison established by Capt. W. S. Winder at Andersonville. A strong stockade was erected and fortified with earthworks. Feb. 15, 1864, the first Union prisoners were taken there. The aggregated number of Union soldiers confined there was 49,485. Aug. 9th of the same year, 33,006 prisoners were within its enclosure. The number of escapes was 328. 14,460 pris- oners died there. Henry Wirz, the com- mandant of tlie prison, was tried after the cloise of the war and executed Nov. 10, 1865. The National Government took charge of the ceme- tery and placed it in a condition suited to the dead heroes, whose bodies honored their resting place. — At Cleveland, Tenn., 200 confederates were captured by a cavahy brigade without casualties on either side. — In a fight at Ring- gold's and Taylor's Ridge, Ga., the Union loss was 68 killed and 351 wounded ; rebel loss, 50 killed, 200 wounded and 230 missing. — At Matagorda Bay and Island, operations were carried on, covering a period of four days. — At Orange C. H. Va., skirmishing was in operation four days. — An action took place at Bayport, Fla. Nov. 27. — An action of considerable import- ance occurred at Fort Esperanza, Texas ; an a.s- sault on the works continued two days. Nov. 28. — Skirmishes at Louisville, Tenn., and Washington, N. C. Nov. 30. — Skirmish at Salversville, Ky., at Doboy Sound and River and Pass Cabello ; the latter occupied two days. — At Dalton, Ga., a slight skirmish occurred. Dec. 1. — A cavalry skirmish at Ripley, Miss. — Activity at Chattanooga, Tenn., and May- HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 85 nardsville, Tenn., the latter occupying parts of two days. Dec. 2.— In a fight at Walker's Ford, W.Va., the Union loss was nine killed and 39 wounded; rebel loss 25 killed, 50 wounded. Skirmishes at Indianola, Texas, Watson's Ford, Va., Wolf River Bridge, Miss., (including several days), Pocahontas, Miss., and Lafayette, Tenn. Dec. 3. — Skirmish at Salisbury, Tenn. Dec. 4. — Continuation of the skirmishing at Lafayette. — The actions at Riplej', Moscow, Miss., and at Salisbury, caused a loss of 175 in killed and wounded in the Union forces and 15 killed and 50 wounded in the rebel forces. Dec. 6. — Skirmish at Clinch Mountain, Tenn. Dec. 7. — A cavalry skirmish at Creelsboro, Ky., and Celina, Tenn., resulted in a rebel loss of 15 killed. Dec. 8. — Averill's raid in southwestern Vir- ginia, occupying 13 days. The Union force captured 200 prisoners and lost six killed and five wounded. — A cavalry skirmish at Prince- ton, Ark. Dec. 9.— At White River, Ark., and Charles City Court House, Va., skirmishes occurred, the former continuing at intervals for several days. Dec. 10. — Shackelford's cavalry encountered Longstreet at Bean's Station and Morristown, Tenn. A sharp fight took place, the Union loss being 700 killed and that of the rebels 932 killed and wounded and 150 prisoners. — At Moresburg, Tenn., on the same day, a de- tachment of the same force (the Army of the Ohio), fought a rebel detachment.— A slight af- fair took place at Elizabeth City, N. C. Dec. 12.— At Big Sewell and Meadow Blufl", W. Va., a skirmish took place, in which the 12th Ohio Infantry was engaged.— At Decatur, Ala., and Lafayette, slight affairs occurred. — At Du- val's Bluff, Ark., the 8th Missouri Cavalry had an encounter with the rebels. Dec. 14.— At Bean's Station, Tenn., the cav- alry of the Army of the Ohio encountered the rebels. — At Kinston, N. C, a small Union force had an engagement. Dec. 15. — At Sangster's Station and Fairfax, Va., skirmishes occurred. Dec. 16.— Skirmish at Doboy River. Dec. 17. — A cavalry raid on Rodney and Port Gibson, Miss., took place with slight losses and was in progress seven days. Dec. 18.— At Indian Town, N. C, the U. S. col- ored troops and North Carolina soldiers had a skirmish. — An action of small importance took place at Clinton Forge, Va. Dec. 19.— a fight at Barren Rock, Ind. Ter., between the rebels and Union Indian regiments resulted in a confederate slaughter of 50. Dec. 21.— Skirmishes at Middleburg, Miss. Dec. 23. — Skirmish at .Jacksonport, Ark., and at Luray, Va., the latter extending over two days at intervals. Dec. 24. — Cavalry skirmish at Bolivar and Summerville, Tenn., the Union loss being three killed and eight wounded. — Skirmishes at Columbus, Ky., and Centerville, Mo. Dec. 25. — General Dodge captured 50 of Forrest's guerrillas at Pulaski, Tenn. — Skirmish at La Fayette, Tenn., in which the 117th Illinois Regiment was engaged. — Skirmi.shes at Bear Creek, N. C, Stono River and Inlet, N. C, Bealton and Qulpepper, Va. Dec. 26. — At Port (Jibson, Miss., the skir- mishing continued. Dec. 27. — The cavalry of the Army of the Tennessee skirmished with the enemy two days. Dec. 28. — Colonel Laibold captured 121 pris- oners from the rebel Wheeler at Colliersville, Tenn., sustaining a loss of two killed and eight wounded ; the rebels lost eight killed and 39 86 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL wounded. — Skirmishes took place at Charles- ton, Va., Calhoun and La Fayette, Tenn. Dec. 29.— At Talbot's Station and Mossy Creek, Tenn., a brigade of infantry, several cavalry regiments and a battery were engaged in a considerable action without decisive results. — A skirmish at Williamsport, Md. — Three companies of the 13th Maine and the gunboat Sciota attacked the rebel gunboats in Matagorda Bay, Texas. The action continued on the fol- lowing day. Dec. 30. — A skirmish took place at St. Augustine, Fla., resulting in a Union loss of one killed and six wounded ; rebel loss six killed. — At Greenville and Washington, N. C, skirmishes occurred, also at Waldron, Ark. 1864. Jan. 1. — At Rectorstown and Loudon Heights, Va., the rebels were met by the 1st Maryland Cavalry of the Home Brigade, the latter force meeting with a loss of 29 killed and 41 missing ; the rebel loss was four killed and 10 wounded. The affair was extended throughout 10 days at intervals. Jan. 2.— Skirmishes at Moorefield and Alle- ghany Junction, W. Va., and at Patterson's Creek. Jan. 3. — At Jonesville, Va„ a fight occurred in which the Union loss was 12 killed and 48 wounded ; rebel loss, four killed and 12 wounded. Jan. 4. — At Fort Sumnei, New Mexico, a fight took place between a California regiment, Apache Indians and citizens with the Navajos. — A small affair transpired at Harper's Ferry, Va. Jan. 6. — At Winchester, Va., a cavalry force made a slight demonstration. Jan. 7. — A skirmish occurred at Martin's Creek, Ark,, the Union loss being one killed and one wounded, — A skirmish at Madison- ville, La, Jan. 8. — Cavalry skirmish at Petersburg, W. Va. Jan. 9. — Infantry encounter at Turman's Ferry, Ky. Jan. 10.— Cavalry action at Strawberry Plains, Tenn.— Cessation of the cavalry raids at Loudon Heights, Va. Jan. 11. — Skirmishes at Bull's Gap, Tenn., and Lock wood, Ky. Jan. 12. — At Mayfield, K}'., a skirmish be- tween Companies A and B, .58th Illinois Vol- unteers, resulted in a Union loss of one killed and one wounded, and a rebel loss of two killed. Jan. 13. — McCook's cavalry engaged in a skirmish at Mossy Creek, Tenn., and sustained a loss of 14 killed. Jan. 14. — Skirmish at Bealton, Va., with a Union loss of two killed and a rebel loss of three killed and 12 wounded. — Cavalry engage- ment at Terrisville, Tenn. — Action of two days continuance at Dandridge, Tenn., involving cavalry and infantry. Jan. 16—17. — Cavalry and infantry skirmish at Grand Gulf, Miss. Jan. 17. — Cavalry skirmish at Lewisburg, Ark. Jan. 15. — Skirmish at Saint Catherine's, Miss.; 72nd Illinois Volunteers. — Skirmish near Seviersville, Tenn. Jan. 18.— Skirmishes at Strawberry Plains, and Newmarket, Va., and at St. Mark's, Fla. .Jan. 19.— Skirmish at Branchville, Ark., in which the 5th Kansas Cavalry engaged. — Skirmish at Holston River Tenn. Jan. 20.— At Island No. 76, Miss., Battery F, Colored Light Artillery, had a scrimmage with an attacking rebel force. — A detachment of the 20th Connecticut Infantry skirmished at Tracy City, Tenn., and lost two men killed. — Matters assumed a lively aspect at Knoxville. Jan. 21. — Skirmish at Chuckatuck, Va. — In HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 87 the vicinity of Dalton, Ga., the 28th Kentucky and 4th Michigan cavahy encountered a force of rebels, and made a dash among them. Jan. 22. — At Armstrong Ferry, Tenn., a skirmish took place. Jan. 23.— In a skirmish at Rolling Prairie, Ark., 11 Union soldiers were killed. (11th Missouri Infantry.) -At Brandon Farms, Va., actions occurred on the 23rd and 25th. Jan. 24. — Cavalry skirmish at Baker Springs, Ark., in which the 2nd and 6th Kansas Cavalry were engaged ; the Union force sus- taining a loss of one killed and two wounded ; confederate loss was six killed and two wounded. —At Tazewell, Tenn., the 34th Kentucky, 116th and 118tli Indiana Volunteers, 11th Tennessee Cavalry and 11th Michigan Battery engaged, with a confederate loss of 31 killed. Jan. 25. — Skn-mishes at Athens, Ala., and Corinth, Miss. Jan. 26. — Skirmish at Alton, Miss. Jan. 26. — At Florence, Ala., the 72nd Indiana Infantry under Col. A. 0. Miller had a slight encounter with rebels. Jan. 27. — Sturgis' Cavalry Division, Army of the Ohio, fought at Kelley's Ford, Tenn., and sustained a loss of 100 killed and wounded, in- flicting a loss to the rebels of 68 killed and capturing 100 confederates. — Skirmish near Knoxville, Tenn. Jan. 28. — A portion of the 14th Corps, A rmy of the Cumberland, fought at Tunnell Hill, Ga., with a loss of two wounded ; rebels lost 32 wounded. — Skirmish at Scottsville, Ala. — 1st California Cavalry have a skirmish in the Oregon Mountains. Jan. 29. — A lively action occurred at Med- ley, W. Va.., in which the Union loss was 10 killed, 70 wounded ; rebel loss, 100 killed and wounded. — Skirmishes at Danville, Va., and Windsor and Cumberland, Gap, Tenn. Jan, 30. — Operations in the vicinity of Peters- burg, Va. — (Kit Carson had an encounter with the Indians at Canon de Chelly.) Jan. 31. — Actions at Chuckatuck, \'a., Dal- ton, Ga., and Ringgold, Ga. Jan. 30. — Federal supply train guarded by Colonel Snyder, captured near Petersburg, W. Va., and 80 Union soldiers were killed and wounded. — General Rosser (confederate) made a successful raid into Harding County, Va., in the valley of the Shenandoah, capturing stores and 270 prisoners. Feb. 1. — In an encounter at Smithfield, Va., 90 Union soldiers were captured.— In the sev- eral actions at Bachelor Creek, Newport Bar- racks, and Newburn, N. C, the Union troops lost 16 killed, 50 wounded and 280 missing ; the rebels lost five killed and 30 wounded ; they covered a period of two days. — At Wald- run. Ark., the 2nd Kansas Cavalry were en- gaged in a skirmish and, at New Creek Valley, W. ^'^a., an infantry regiment had an encoun- ter with rebels. — On the same day an expedi- tion started up the Yazoo river, in Mississippi, including colored troops (cavalry and infantry), the 11 til Illinois Infantry and a portion of Ad- miral Porter's Heet ; the expedition lasted until March 8th. Feb. 3.— Skirmishes at Patterson's, Spring- field, W. Va., and North Branch, Belton, Miss., Saltpetre Cave, Va., Lebanon, Ala., Livei-pool Heights, Miss., (Yazoo expedition). — The Merid- ian expedition, under General Sherman. The purpose of this movement was to destroy pub- lic property in Mississippi and to disperse a force of rebels collecting to recapture Vicks- burg. On this day an advance was made to Jackson and from there to Meridian, the force meanwhile devastating the country. An ex- pected cavalry re-enforcement failing to join him there, Sherman fell back to Canton, fol- lowed by hundreds of Union refugees and ne- groes. Large organizations of rebels were dis- 88 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL persed and not a railroad or public building was left intact. During tbe expedition en- counters occurred at Meridian, Champion's Hill, Raymond, Clinton, Jackson, Decatur, Chunky Station, Lauderdale Spring and Mai'- ion, Miss. Tlie Union loss was 56 killed and 138 wounded ; rebel loss 503 in killed and wounded and 212 prisoners. — Fight at New- hern, N. C, between the forces under General Foster, Union, and General Picket, confederate, resulting in a loss to the former of 212 in killed and wounded and to the latter of 300 in killed, wounded and missing. Feb. 4. — At Clinton, Miss., a confederate bat- tery was defeated with a loss of 15 killed and 30 wounded to the Union force. ( Yazoo expe- dition.) — Skirmishes at Rolling Prairie, Mo., Hot Springs, Ark., Moorefield, W. Va., and Canton, Miss.— On this date occurred the Mer- idian skirmishes at Champion's Hill, Baker's Creek, Raymond and Bolton Depot, Miss. Feb. 5. — General Wistar led a raiding force of 1,500 towards Richmond without decisive results, the rebels having been warned. — Skir- mish at Qualtown, N. C, in which the 14th Illinois Cavalry was engaged, losing three killed and G wounded ; 50 confederates were captured. — Meridian skirmishes at Clinton and Jackson, Miss. — ^Skirmish at Cape Girardeau, Mo.— Troubles at Jacksonville, Fla. — AtWyatt's, Miss., the 114th Illinois have a skirmish. F'eb. 6. — A fight occurred at Morton's Ford, Va., a part of the 2nd Corps being engaged ; the Union loss was 10 killed and 201 wounded ; the rebel loss was 100 in killed, wounded and missing. — The 7th Indiana Cavalry had a skirmish at Bolivar, Tenn., losing one killed and three wounded ; the rebels lost 30 wounded. — Skirmishes at Orange C. H. and Bottom's Bridge, Va. Feb. 7.— At Barnett's Ford, Va., the cavalry force of General Merritt had a skirmish and lost 20 killed and wounded. — In a skirmish at \'idalia, La., the confederate loss was six killed and 10 wounded. — Slight ati'air at Nevvbern, N. G, and Camp Finegan. Feb. S. — Meridian skirmish at Morton, Miss. — 4th Wisconsin Cavalry skirmish at Donald- sonville, La. — Skirmishes at Rome, Ga., Tunnel Hill, Ga., and Martin's Creek, Ala. Feb. 9.— Cavalry encounter at Morgan's Mills, Ark., the Union casualties being one killed and four wounded ; confederate loss, 65 killed and wounded. — Actions at Barber's Place, St. Mary's River, Lake City and Gainesville, Fla., by the Massachusetts Mounted Infantry and Massa- chusetts Independent Battalion of Cavalry, con- tinuing five days and resulting in a Union loss of four killed and 16 wounded ; the rebel loss was four killed and 48 wounded. — Slight action at .Jacksonville, Fla. — Near Point Washington, Fla., a detail from the 7th Vermont Infantry had a skirmish. Feb. 10. — Smith's raids from Germantown, Tenn., into Mississippi. This was the cavalry movement which was intended to co-operate with Sherman's Meridian expedition, and was composed of Smith and Grierson's cavalry divisions. The time occupied, including 15 days, and 45 Union soldiers were killed and 267 wounded, the rebel loss being 50 killed and 300 captured. Feb. 12.— Skirmish at Rock House, W. Va., resulting in a confederate loss of 12 killed and four wounded. — At Caddo Gap and Scott's Farm, Ark., and Lake City, Fla., skirmishes took place, also at Decatur and Chunky Station, Miss., (Meridian expedition). Feb. 13. — Skirmishes at Tunnel Hill, Ga., Pontotoc and Vicksburg, Miss., and South Fork, Va. Feb. 14. — At Gainesville, Fla., Captain Rob- erts of the Massachusetts cavalry attacked the rebels, who lost 100 in killed and wounded. HISTORY OF THE CIVH. WAR. 89 The same force skirmished at Lake City, Fla.— In a skirmish at Ross' Landing, Ark., the Union loss was 13 killed and seven wounded. — A skirmish at Brentsvilie, Va., resulted in the loss of four Union soldiers killed and one wounded. — At Waterproof, La., the 49tli U. S. colored troops and the Union gunboat Forest engaged the rebels, losing eight killed and 14 wounded. -Meridian, Miss., occupied by the forces of General Sherman.— Skirmish at Wayne Court House, W. Va., Hillsboro, Ga., Quitman and Enterprise, Miss., and Canton, Miss., on the Yazoo expedition. Feb. 16. — At Laudersdale, Miss., a skirmish occured. — Fort Powell, (Dauphin's Island) Ala., defended Grant's Pass. — Skirmish at Okalona, Miss. (Smith's cavalry raid.) Feb. 17. — Action at Marion, Miss. ; Meridan expedition. — The Housatonic destroyed in Charleston harbor by a torpedo boat. — Skirm- ishes at West Bay, Fla., and Tiptonsville, Fla. Feb. 18. — Skirmishes at East Bay., Fla., and Baldwin, Fla. Feb. 19. — At Grosse Tete Bayou, La., the 4th Wisconsin Cavalry engaged the rebels, inflict- ing a loss of four killed and six wounded, their own casualties including two wounded. — Skirm- ish near Batesville, Ark., with a Union loss of three killed and four wounded, the rebel loss being six killed and 10 wounded.— Skirmishes at Aberdeen and Egj^pt, Miss. Feb. 20. — Olustee, Fla. A fleet of steamers and one gunboat was sent by General Gilmore to repossess Florida, and he allowed his com- mand to be inveigled into a fight on ground selected by the rebels, sustaining severe de- feat and losing 193 in killed and 1,175 wounded and 460 missing. The rebel loss in- cluded 100 killed and 400 wounded. — Skirmish at HoLston River, Tenn., the respective Union and rebel losses being iive killed and wounded and 15 killed and wounded.— Skirmishes at Saint Mark's Fla., West Point, and Prairie Sta- tion, Miss., Piiilomout, Va., Strawberry Plains, and Sanderson. Ffb. 21. — Skirmishing at Canton, (Quitman and Enterprise, Miss., at Hillsboro, Ga., and Lake City and Saint Mark's, Fla. Feb. 22.— Tunnell Hill,Ga. General Palmer's troops encountered General Wheeler with a rebel force of cavalry and captured 300 prison- ers ; Union loss, 75 killed and wounded ; con- federate loss in killed and wounded heavy. — A lively cavalry action transpired at Mulberry Gap, Tenn., resulting in a loss to the Union force of 13 killed ahd wounded and 256 cap- tured ; the 10th Tennessee, (Union), was opposed to a large force.^Mosby's guerrillas defeated a detachment of the 2nd Massachusetts Cavalry at Drainesville, A'a., inflicting a loss of seven wounded and 57 captured ; Mosby lost two and four wounded. — Skirmishes at Powell's River Bridge, Johnson's Mills, Cumberland Gap, Calf- killer Creek, Tenn., Ivy Mills, Miss., Luna Landing, Ark., Willmarsh Island, S. G. — In an action at .Johnson's Mills, Tenn., prisoners cap- tered from the 5th Tennessee Regiment (Union) were surrendered. — Skirmishes at Warrentown, Va., and Joy's Farm. Feb. 23.— Taylor's Bayou, Tenn. Feb. 25.— The action begun at Tunnell Hill, was continued until this date and to the 27th of February and included conflicts at Buzzard's Roost, and Rocky Face Gap, with a Union loss of 17 killed and 272 wounded ; confederates lost 20 killed and 120 wounded. Feb. 26. — At Fort Powell, Ala., activities were carried on and skirmishes took place at Upperville, and Goose Creek, Va. Feb. 27. — Foraging detachments from two Iowa regiments skirmished near Canton, Miss. — Another action took place at Saint Mark's, Fla. Feb. 28. — Kilpatrick's raid from Stevens- 90 CHRONOLOGICA.L AND STATISTICAL burg, to Richmond, Va. The cavalry chief advanced with 5,000 soldiers to make an at- tempt to release the Union prisoners at Belle Isle, and in Libby. The aim was lost but much confederate property was destroyed, many miles of railroad torn up and some prisoners were taken. The Union loss was 330 killed and wounded and missing ; the rebels lost 500 men. — The 7th Tennessee Cavalry had a skir- mish at Dukedom, Ky., and a skirmish took place near Yazoo City, Miss. -Skirmishes at Spottsylvauia and Charlottesville, Va., at Rav- enna, Miss., and Baldwin, Fla. Feb. 29.— Skirmish at Newborn, N. C— At Taylorsville, Va., one of the actions of Kil- patrick's raid took place. March 1. — At Standardsville, and Burton's Ford, Va., a cavalry raid under General Custer took place, in which the Union force lost 10 wounded, and captured 30 rebels. — Skirmishes at Saint Mark's, Fla., and Black river. Miss. (Yazoo expedition.) -Skirmishes at Brook's Turnpike by Kilpatrick. March 2. — The Mississippi squadron under Porter had an action at Harrisburg, La.; Union loss two killed and 14 wounded. — Kilpatrick raids near Walkertown, Y-a. March 3. — 7th Michigan and 1st ^^ermont Cavalry under Kilpatrick raid Tunstall Sta- tion, Va. March 4.— Grant made Lieutenant^General ; the office was re-created for him, it having been vacant since it was conferred on General Wash- ington. — Skirmish on Chowan River, N. C. — Skirmish at Rodney, Miss. March 5. — Fight at Panther Springs, Tenn., with a Union loss of two killed and eight wounded ; 22 were captured by the rebels, whose loss was 30 wounded.— In a conflict at Yazoo City, the losses were six killed and 20 wounded in the Union force, the confederate casualties being much larger.— The Mississippi Marine Brigade had an encounter at Coleman's, Miss. — At Ely's Ford, Va., and Liverpool Heights, insignificant affairs transpired. March 6.— At Flint Creek, Ark., the 14th Kansas Cavalry had a skirmish. March 7. — At Decatur, Ala., the troops of the Army of the Tennessee, under General Dodge, had an indecisive action with the rebels. — Skirmishes at Cherry Stone, Brandon Farms, Ga., and on the Plankatank River. March 8. — Skirmish at Carrollton, Va. March 9. — At Suffolk, Va., a skirmish took place between the 2nd U. S. Colored Cavalry and the confederates in which the former lost eight killed and one wounded ; the rebels lost 25 wounded. — Skirmish at Bristoe's Station, Va. March 10.— Skirmishes at Palatka, Fla., and at Cabletown, Va. The latter involved the 1st New York Veteran Cavalry. March 13. — Skirmishes at Carrollton Store, Va., by New York and Pennsylvania Cavalry, at Semmesport, La., Natchitoches in the Red River expedition and Indianola, Texas. March 14. — Detachments of the 16th and 17th Corps and Porter's Mississippi Squadron, attacked Fort de Russy, La., sustaining a loss of seven killed and 41 wounded. The confed- erates were defeated, with a loss of five killed and four wounded and 300 prisoners, besides a large amount of munitions of war and ord- nance stores.— A Free-State Government organ- ized in Arkansas. March 15. — Skirmish at Clarendon, Ark., the federal force losing one killed and three wounded. — Action at Alexandria, (Red River expedition). March 16.— In a fight near Fort Pillow, Tenn., the rebels were defeated with a loss of 50 killed and wounded.— Action at Shreeve- port. La. March 17.— At Manchester, Tenn., the 5th HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 91 Tennessee Cavalry attacked the rebels and killed 21. March ly. — The same Union force attacked a squad of rebels at Calf killer Creek, Tenn. — At Monticello, Ark., the 7th Missouri Cavalry had a skirmish. March 19. — Activity at Port Royal, S. C. March 20. — The 5th Tennessee Cavalry made another attack on the rebels at Beer- sheba Springs, Tenn. March 21. — At Henderson's Hill, La., the troops of General Mower, including detach- ments of the 16th Corps and the cavalry divsion of the 19th Corps attacked a con- federate camp and captured 282 prisoners. — Skirmish at Magnolia, Miss. — General Banks attacked the rebels near Alexandria, La., and took 306 prisoners. March 24.— At Union City, Tenn., Forrest attacked the 5th Tennessee Cavalry and took 450 prisoners. March 25. — Paducah, Ky., was held by Col. S. G. Hicks with a garrison of 650 men. For- rest attacked and the garrison retired to Fort Anderson where a stand was made, assisted by two Union gunboats. Forrest demanded im- mediate surrender without conditions, adding, " if you surrender you shall be treated as prisoners of war ; but if I have to storm your works, you may expect no quarter." Hicks refused and the rebels made three assaults, losing 1,500 men and the rebel General Thompson. Forrest retired on the 26th. The Union loss was 14 killed and 46 wounded. The town was nearly destroyed in the bombard- ment. March 26. — Skirmish at Longview, Ark., in which the 28th Wisconsin, 5th Kansas and 7th Missouri (Javalry engaged. — On the same date the 2nd Kansas Cavalry had a skirmish at Danville, Ark. — At Canton, Miss., (Black River) a slight skirmish took place. March 28.— At Charleston, III., the copper- heads attacked the 54th Illinois Infantrj', re- turning to the front from veteran's furlough. The regiment lost two killed and eight wounded. The attacking party lost three killed, four wounded and 12 were taken prisoners. — Activity at Fort Powell, Ala. — Skirmish at Cane River, La. (Red River expedition.) — At Arkadelphia, Ark., the cavalrj' of the 7th Corps made a movement lo advance. March 29. — In a skirmish at Bolivar, Tenn., the Union loss was eight killed and 35 wounded ; the 6tii Tennessee Cavalry were engaged. March 30.— At Mount Elba, Ark., the force recorded on the 28th had a skirmisli, the aggregate losses of the several actions from the 26th to the 30th, including four Union soldiers killed and 18 wounded ; the rebel loss was 12 killed, 35 wounded and 300 prisoners. — At Grosse Tete Bayou, La., the 118th Illinois In- fantry had a skirmish. — -Skirmishes at Natch- itoches, La., and Monticello, Mo. — Riots at Mattoon, 111. March 31.— Tiie 3rd U. S. Cavalry, (colored) had a skirmish at Snydersville, Miss., losing 16 killed and three wounded ; the confederate loss was three killed and seven wounded. — Action at Ball's Ferry, Va. April 1. — At Augusta, Ark., in a skirmish, the 3rd Minnesota Infantry and 8th Mis.souri Cavalry lost eight killed and 1 6 wounded and inflicted a loss of 15 killed and 45 wounded. — Slight skirmish on the Rappahannock, Va. — Skirmishes at White River, Ark., and Grant's Pass, Ala.— A collision occurred at Fitzhugh's Woods, Va. Ai'RiL 2.— At Sijoonville, Ark., the 29th Iowa, 50th Indiana and 9th Wisconsin Infantry and tlie 1st Missouri Cavalry, belonging to Steele's expedition, had a skirmish and lost 10 killed and 35 wounded ; rebel loss, 100. — Skir- mish at Crump's Hill, La., by the regiments of 92 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL the Red River expedition in which the Union loss was 20 wounded and that of the rebels 85. — Sl<;irmishes at Camden, N. C, Antoine, Texas, Cleveland, Tenn., and Pensacola, Fla. April 3.— At Okalona, Ark., another action was had, in which Illinois and Missouri cavalry, and Wisconsin, Iowa, IlHnois and Ohio infan- try participated ; the Union loss was 16 killed and 74 wounded; the rebels lost 75 in killed and wounded. April. 4.— Compti, La., was made famous by a skirmish in tlie Red River expedition and the Federal loss was 10 killed and 18 wounded. —Skirmish at Plymouth, N. C— The fight at Elkin's Ford, Ark., was commenced and the skirmishing continued at intervals for three days. Three infantry regiments, one cavalry regiment and a battery were engaged and the loss was five killed and 33 wounded on the Federal side. April 5.— At Roseville, Ark., detachments of the 2nd and Gth Kansas Cavalry had a guerrilla skirmish and lost 19 killed and 11 wounded ; the confederate casualties included 15 killed, 25 wounded and 11 prisoners.— At Stone's Farm, Ark., 26 men of the 6th Kansas Cavalry were attacked by guerrillas and 11 of them were captured and massacred, among them Surgeon Fairchilds. — Skirmish at Grand Ecore, La., (Red River expedition). April 6. — In a skirmisli at (Quicksand, Ky., one company, 14th Kentucky Volunteers, had a skirmish and lost 10 men killed and seven wounded. — Skirmishes at Fort Halleck, Ind. Ter., Columbus, Mo., and Shreveport, La. (The activity at the latter place continued three days).— Skirmish at Peach Hill, Va. April 7.— At Wilson's Farm, La., the ad- vance cavalry of the 19th Corps in the Red River expedition, engaged the rebels with a loss of 14 killed and 39 wounded, the rebel loss being 40 wounded men and 100 prisoners,— At Harney Lake Valley, Ore., a skirmish took jilace, in which the 1st Oregon Cavalry were engaged. — Detachments from Illinois cavalry and infantry and a battery were engaged in a skirmish at Plain's Farm^ near Port Hudson, La. April 8. — Battle of Sabine Cross Roads or Mansfield. The advance of Banks' army en- gaged in heavy skirmishing with the rebels in a line of battle that was, practically, an ambus- cade, the forces ' being disposed in a wedge shape. After the first onset the wings of the rebel command closed about the Union troops and confusion resulted. A complete rout was prevented only by the timely arrival of re- enforcements. The Union troops engaged, num- bered about 8,000, and the losses aggregated 2,000 in killed, wounded and missing. The rebels pursued three miles and a half when they were checked by General Emery's division. The rebels loss at Mansfield numbered 3,500. — A Missouri battery became involved in a skirmish at Pembescott Bayou, Ark. — At Wolf River, Tenn., Grierson's cavalry had a skirmish. At Cane River, La. the advance of the Red River expedition met the rebels in force and the latter were put to flight with a loss of 600 prisoners. April 10, — The troops belonging to Steele's expedition had a heavy fight at Prairie D'Ann, Ark., in which the Union loss was 100 killed, wounded and missing. Several days were occu- pied in the conflict. — At Little Cacapon, Va., a company of the 54th Pennsylvania Infantry engaged in a skirmish. April 12. — At Pleasant Hill Landing, La., the 17th Corps, assisted by the gunboats Lex- ington and Osage, had a considerable fight, resulting in a loss to the federals engaged, of seven wounded. The rebel loss included 200 killed and wounded. (Red River expedition.) — The massacre at Fort Pillow took place on this date, The garrison included 19 officers HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 93 iuid 538 men, 262 of whom were negroes, com- manded by Major L. F. Bootli, Forrest attacked the fort suddenly, no intimation of it reaching the garrison, until the onset was made and the Union pickets driven in. Major Booth was killed early in the struggle and was succeeded by Major W. F. Bradford, who retired with the force within the intrenchments. The artillery defence included six guns and aid was received from a gunboat. In the afternoon, Forrest sent in a flag of truce demanding surrender without conditions and the commandant asked an hour for consideration. Meanwhile the rebels, re- gardless of the flag, were taking an advantage- ous position. As soon as the reply was com- municated the confederates rushed over the fortifications, raising the cry : "No quarter". Indiscriminately of age or sex the slaughter was pressed until nightfall and renewed at day- light, about 300 people being killed in cold blood. Tlie entire Union loss was 350 killed, 60 wounded and 164 missing. The confederate lo-ss was SO killed and wounded. — At Fremofit's Orchard, Col. Ter., two cavalry companies had a scrimmage with the Indians. April 13. — Steele's raiders had a skirmish at Moscow, Ark., losing five killed and 17 wounded. Tlie rebel loss was 30 killed and wounded. — Kentucky infantry encountered a rebel force at Paintsville, Ky., and fought the next day at Half Mount, Ky. — A slight afftiir took place at Columbus, Mo. — Skirmishes at Indian Bay, Ark., Florence, Ala., Cleveland, Tenn., Paducah, Ky., Grand Ecore, La., and Wayne C. H., W. Va. April 14. — An infantry skirmish took place at Smithfield, Va., the losses being to the Union and confederates engaged, five and six respectively. — The 6th Kansas Cavalry raided Dutch Mills, Ark. (Steele's expedition.) April 15. — Advance of Steele's force on Camden, Ark., the place being occupied the following day. At Bristoe's Station, Va., a cavalry action occurred with inconsiderable loss. — Another force of Steele's command raided Liberty, Ark. April 16. — Skirmish at King's River, Ark., and at Scullyville, Indian Territory, in which the Indian Home Guards were engaged. April 17. — At Plymouth, N. C, an import- ant engagement took place in which the 85th New York, 103rd Pennsylvania and the 16th Connecticut Infantry under General Wessels, assisted by a strong naval force under Lieut- Commander Flusser, fought three days for pos- session of the western entrance of the Cape Fear River, the action resulting in the defeat of the federal troops. The loss to the latter in- cluding Flusser was 20 killed and 80 wounded ; the confederate loss was about 500. — The same day a skirmish took place at Decatur, Ala., with slight loss. April 18. — A forage train, escorted by the 18th Iowa, 79th U. S. Colored Infantry and 6th Kansas Cavalry, was attacked at Poison Sjirings near Camden, sustaining a loss of 113 killed, 88 wounded and 68 missing. (Steele's expedi- tion.) — Slight. skirmish at Bokken's Mills, S. C, two soldiers being killed and 18 wounded. April 19.— At Natchitoches, La., the 4th Brigade, Cavalry Division, 10th Corps, Red River expedition, had an encounter with bush- whackers and guerrillas.— The 45th Kentucky was involved in a skirmish at Pound Gap, Ky. — Skirmish at Burkesville, Ky. April 20. — A regiment of colored troops had a skirmish at Waterproof, La. April 21. — At Cotton Plant, Cache River, Ark., the troops of Steele's expedition had a skirmish. (98th Missouri Cavalry.) -The 2nd Wisconsin Cavalry had a brush with bush- whackers at Red Bone, Miss., one man being killed and six wounded. April 22. — Three companies of the 3rd 94 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL Rhode Island Cavalry on transports at Tunica Bend, Red River, were attacked from the banks, suft'ering a loss of two killed and 17 wounded. April 23. — In a skirmish at Nickajack Trace, Ga., a detachment of the 92iid Illhiois Infantry were engaged in a skirmish in wliich thej' lost five killed and nine wounded and 22 taken pris- oners. — Two divisions of Banks' army had an encounter at Moneti's Bluff, La., and at Clou- tiersville, the latter extending into " the follow- ing day. It was a determined movement of the confederates to prevent the Federals cross- ing the Cane River and the advance had sharp work to repulse and drive back the rebels. Generals Banks was in possession of the rebel plans and pushed his command through swamps and almost impenetrable morasses, steadily advancing and arriving at Alexandria on the 26th, having suffered a loss of 350 killed and wounded. The confederate loss in killed and wounded was about 400. — At Swan Lake, Ark., the 5th Kansas Cavalry, belonging to Steele's expedition, was engaged in a skirmish. April 24. — At Jacksonport, Ark., the 1st Nebraska Cavalry repulsed the rebels. April 25. — The rebels attacked a forage train, escorted by several infantry regiments and a Ijattery and captured the wagons and guard while en route from Little Rock to supply Banks' army ; the encounter transpired near Pine Bluff; 2,000 prisoners were taken. — At Mark's Mills, General Fagan's force, 6,000 strong, attacked the rear of a supply train of 240 wagons, cut off" the advance from the rear, compelling the surrender of both columns and inflicting a loss of 250 killed and wounded, and the destruction or capture of the wagons, the negroes being shot after surrender, the rebels never taking colored prisoners. The rebel cas- ualties were small. — Skirmish at Wautauga's \ Bridge, Tenn., in which the 10th Michigan Cav- alry was involved, losing three killed and nine wounded. April 26.— Steele's troops again encountered the rebels at Moro Creek, Ark., sustaining a loss of five killed and 14 wounded. — At Alexandria, a Missouri Cavalry regiment and a New York regiment of infantry became iilvolved in a skir- mish. (Bank's expedition.) April 28.— At Offett's Knob, Mo., the 1st Missouri Militia Cavalry had a brush with guer- rillas. April 29. — At Princeton, Ark., two infantry regiments, one cavalry and a battery belonging to Steele's expedition, had a short, sharp skir- mish without loss. April 30. — .Jenkin's Ferry. Steele's divis- ion, which had suffered heavily in incessant skirmishing through the entire march to make connection witli Banks from Little Rock, was attacked on the Sabine River in Arkansas by the consolidated forces of Kirby Smith and Price— 5,000 Union soldiers against 20,000 rel^els — a battle of about eight hours duration ensuing, which was one of the sharpest contests of the southwest in the war, but resulted in a vic- toiyof the Union force which saved Little Rock and Arkansas to the U. S. Government. General Salomon of Wisconsin won the honors by deter- muied bravery, and the pursuit of the rebels was prevented only by lack of supplies. 1,175 Union soldiers were lost and about 2,000 rebels. — Activities at Little Washington. May 1. — In the early days of May, the op- erations of the Union armies were to be com- bined. Sigel commenced his movements up the valley of the Shenandoah on the 1st day of the month. — The 7th U. S. Infantry, coloi-ed troops, had a skirmish at Jacksonville, Fla., losing one man killed.— At Hudnot's Planta- tion, La., and near Alexandria, a skirmish took place between cavalry of the 13th and 19th Corps, resulting in a loss of 33 killed, 87 HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 95 wounded and the loss to the rebels included 25 killed and 100 wounded. — At Ashwood's Landing, La., the 64th U. S. Colored troops skirmished with guerrillas. — At Clinton, La., a slight affair occurred. May 2. — -Lieutenant Colonel .Joseph Bailey, of the 4th Wisconsin Infantrj^ (cavalry) com- menced the construction of a dam for the re- lease of 10 gunboats and two tugs imprisoned by low water on the Red River. The work was concluded on the Sth and resulted in the safe pas- sage of the fleet Ave days later, with the loss of one man and insignificant injuries to the boats. — Fight at Governor Moore's Plantation, La.; Union loss two killed and 10 wounded. — 7th Kansas Cavalry encountered a small force of rebels at Memphis, Tenn.- Skirmish at Harri- sonburg, La. May 3.— Red Clay, Ga. The 1st Cavalry Di- vision of the Army of the Cumberland was en- gaged and lost 10 killed and wounded. — Skir- mish at Richland, Ark., involving the 2nd Ar- kansas Cavahy, the command losing 20 in killed and wounded. — A cavalry engagement took place at Bolivar, Tenn. — At Baton Rouge, La., a cavalry encounter occurred in which the 4th Wisconsin was engaged. The 120th Oliio In- fantry, and 73d U. S. Colored troops on board the transport City Belle, were attacked bj' rebels on the banks of the Red River near Snaggy Point, La., and the loss and suffering was severe, the soldiers abandoning the trans- port and many were murdered and captured by the pursuing rebels.— Preparations in the Army of the Potomac for operations in the Wilderness. May 4. — In a fight at Doubtful Canon, Ari., a detachment of the 5th California Infantry and the 1st California Cavalry lost one killed and six wounded and inflicted a loss of 10 killed and 20 wounded. — Hancock took posi- tion at Chancellorsville. — Kautz cavalry raid commenced from Sufiblk, Va., on the Weldon railroad and included the movements at Wall Bridge, Stony Creek Station, .larrett's Station and White's Bridge, to City Point, which was reached on the 12th. — Marye's Heights, Orange C. H. and Bermuda Hundred were oc- cupied. — Yazoo expedition in Mississippi com- menced ; the 3rd U. S. Cavalry, colored, 11th, 72nd and 76th Illinois Infantry being de- tailed and the 5th Illinois Cavalry and 7th Ohio Battery. Actions took place at Vaughn and Benton, a slight loss being sustained. The expedition consumed nine days. May 5. — The U. S. gunboats Ceres, Commo- dore Hull, Matabesett, Sassacus, Seymour, Wydusing, Miami and Whitehead attacked the rebel ram Albemarle, on the Roanoke River, N. C, with a loss of five killed and 26 wounded ; the rebels lost 56 prisoners. — The transport Warner, steamer Covington and gunboat Sig- nal, having the 56th Oliio Infantry on board were attacked by rebels at Dunn's Bayou on the Red River. The soldiers fought as long as possible and the residue abandoned the boats, making their way to Alexandria through the woods. More than half the command was lost. — Battle of the Wilderness. The rebel General Ewell with his division disputed the occupation of the Wilderness and a terrific fight ensued, which was participated in by the 2nd, 5th, 6th, 9th and Cavalry Corps of the Army of the Potomac under Hancock, Warren, Sedgwick, Burnside and Sheridan, Major-General Meade commanding. It was practically a hand-to- hand struggle and at dark was not at an end. The rebel General Hill had joined in the con- test and, during the ensuing night, Longstreet made connection with Lee's army and there was no alternative but to continue the conflict and urge matters to a determination on the 6th, the fight being resumed as soon as day broke. The fighting was no less vigorous than 96 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL on the previous day but at the close, botli armies were indisposed to renew active hostilities, although no decisive state of affairs had been reached. The killed of the Union army was 5,597, wounded 21,463 and missing 10,677. Brigadier Generals Wadsworth, Hayes and Webb were among the killed. The loss of the rebels was 2,000 killed, 6,000 wounded and 3,400 missing. The confederate generals Jen- kins, Pickett and Jones were killed and Long- street, Pegram, Stafford and Hunter wounded. — Action at Craig's Meeting House, \''a. May G. — Sherman commenced his move- ment on tiie 27th of April. On the 6th day of May the three branches of his command were ni position. Three corps of the Army of the Cumberland, two corps of the Army of the Tennessee and one corps of the Army of the Ohio were located respectively at Ringgold and Red Clay. Preparations were put in progress for the triumphant campaign known to history forever more as the " March to the Sea ; " the days from the 5th to the i)th inclusive were made conspicuous by the movements bj' way of Ship Gap, Villanow, and Snake Creek Gap, Tunnell Hill and the sharp actions at Rocky Face Ridge and Buzzard's Roost. An effort was made to compel the evacuation of Dalton but failed and, May 13th, General Sherman de- cided to move towards Resaca. Skirmishing commenced on the 14th, the rebels having taken possession of tlie city. Calhoun was threatened and a force sent against the railroad to cut off' communications. Resaca was aban- doned by the rebels and occupied by the Fed- eral troops. At Ley's Ferry a slight action took place on the 15th, and, on the same day, an action occurred at Tanner's Bridge. On the day following. May 16th, another fight took place at Rome Cross Roads; a two-days encounter occurred at Adairsville and included the minor actions at Graves' House and Calhoun. May 18th, the Army of the Cumberland was in action at Rome and, on the 19th, the 20tli Corps was involved at Cassville. The action there continued until the 22nd ; on the 24th the fight at Kingston in which three regiments of Union Infantry and one regiment of cavalry were engaged, took place. On the 25th, the series of operations known as the battle of Dal- las, New Hope Church, Burnt Hickory, Pump- kinvine Creek and Allatoona Hills commenced and was concluded on the 4th of June without decisive results. May 25th, a fight occurred at Cassville Station followed by a skirmish at Burned Church. From the 5th to the 9th of May, the Union casualties ijicluded 200 killed and 637 wounded. In an assault on Resaca, 600 were killed and 2,147 wounded. The total loss at Dallas in the nine days operation was 2,400. The Army of the Cumberland was commanded by General Thomas, that of tlie Tennessee by McPherson and that of the Ohio by Schofield. General Johnston was the guid- ing spirit of the rebels. The confederate loss was variously estimated, but doubtless reached 6,500 in round numbers from May 0th to June 4th. — The gunboat Commodore Jones attacked the rebels on the James River near Citj' Point ; Union loss, 23 killed and 48 wounded. — De- tachments of the 1 0th and 18th Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, encountered the rebels at Chester, Va., on the Richmond & Petersburg railroad and sustained a Ioibs of 48 killed and 256 wounded ; the rebel loss was 50 killed and 200 wounded. — At Princeton, W. Va., the forces under General Crook made an advance. May 7. — A portion of the 1 6th Army Corps, belonging to Banks' Red River expedition, met the rebels at Bayou La Mourie, La., and lost 10 killed and 31 wounded. — At Benton, Miss., the Yazoo expedition had an engagement, in which three Illinois regiment, and an Ohio battery were in action.— Tunnel Hill, Ga. — Mill Creek HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 97 and Dug Gap. — Stoney Greek Station, Va. — An unimportant action at Tazewell, Tenn. May 8. — The 2nd Division of the cavalry corps of the Army of the Potomac engaged the rehels at Todd's tavern, Va., and inflicted an loss of 40 killed and 150 wounded. — Tiie movements which culminated in the battle at Spottsylvania Gourt House commenced. Lee moved his com- mand forward on the night of the 7th and reached the place in advance of Grant. On the 8th, Lee's forces made their position sure and sharp fighting ensued. On the 9th, desultory skirmishing was continued, the confederates at- tacking various points where federal batteries were being placed. On the 10th, Grant made heavy demonstrations on the rebel lines and sent his deathless despatch, "I propose to fight it out on this line if it takes all summer" to Washington. The three days indeterminate battle had already cost 10,000 men, "the flower of the Army of the Potomac". The 11th found the federal forces in preparation for hard work to drive the confederates from what seemed an impregnable position. Hancock's corps made a dash at the rebel center and the battle thus precipitated raged all day and part of the night without decisive results. The fighting con- tinued six days longer and Grant withdrew to tlie North Anna River. — The cavalry connected with the command of General Crook made a dash at Jeftersonville, Va. — Actions at Snake Creek Gap and Buzzard's Roost. May 9.— Sheridan's raid toward Richmond commenced as soon as Grant had taken his position at Spottsylvania. He was sent by his chief to cut ofi' Lee's communications. He took a large cavalry force and destroyed a portion of the Virginia Central railroad, considerable roll- ing stock, 1,500,000 rations and set free 400 Union prisoners en route to Libby prison. An assault was made on the outer works about Richmond. During the raid, the Union force engaged the rebels at Beaver Dam Station, South Anna Bridge, Ashland and Yellow Tavern. The loss of the federals was 50 killed, 174 wounded and 200 missing ; the rebels lost heavily killed, wounded and prisoners. The con- federate general, J. E. B. Stewart, was killed and General Gordon was wounded. — At Dalton and at Varnell's Station, Ga., Actions took place. — The Gth Ohio and 1st New Jersey regiments belonging to Sheridan's command, raid Childs- bury, Va. — An action was commenced by the 10th and 18th Corps of the Army of the James at Arrowfield Chui'ch, or Swift Creek, which continued until the following day. The Union loss was 90 killed and 400 wounded ; the rebel loss was 500 killed and wounded. — On the same day, the 12th, 23rd, 34th and 3Gth Ohio, 9th, 11th, 14th and 15th West Virginia Infantry and 3rd and 4th Pennsylvania Re- serves, Army of West Virginia, had a fight at Cloyd's Mountain and New River Bridge, Va. Union loss, 126 killed, 385 wounded ; con- federate loss 600 killed and wounded and 300 missing. The action extended over two days. — Four infantry and one regiment of mounted soldiers engaged in a skirmish at Cove Moun- taiUj \'a. The fighting occupied two days. — Skirmish at Beaver Dam Station, Va. May 10.— Action at Ground Squirrel Church Bridge, on the South Anna, Va. (Sheridan's raid.)— Skirmish at Dardanelle, Ark., in which the Gth Kansas Cavalry were engaged.— Move- ments at Appomattox, Va., and Newbern, N. C. May 11.— At Ashland, Va., the 1st Ma.ssa- chusetts Cavalry engaged in a skirmish.— At Yellow Tavern, Va., the 1st and 3rd Divisions, cavalry corps. Army of the Potomac, made a raid. (Sheridan's command.) May 12. — Battle of Fort Darling at Drury's Bluff, Va. Butler was in command of the 10th Corps under W. F. Smith and the 18th under Gilmore; the combined forces numbered 25,000 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL with 3,000 cavalry under Kautz and with this force the fort was attacked ; it was the extreme southern point of the defenses of Richmond, and was held by Beauregard with 20,000 men. The outer lines were carried and, after two days deliberation, Butler determined to make a general assault on the fort on the morning of the 16th. At midnight before, a fog arose and the rebel chief quietlj' assembled his entire command in the dense darkness and, before dawn, made an assault on the sleeping Union camps, moving his troops through a gap which was guarded weakly by a small cavalry force. Beauregard's plans were frustrated by the fog, his generals failing to perform their alloted work. However, Butler ordered a general retreat. Beauregard attempted to follow, but a heavy rain came on and, by nightfall of the 16th, was within his intrenchments. The Union loss was 422 killed, 2,580 wounded and 1,400 prisoners. The rebel loss was 400 killed, 2,000 wounded and 100 missing. While the action at Fort Darling was in progress and the infantry engaged there, the cavalry of General Kautz were doing effective service on the line of the Richmond & Lynchburg railroad. — At Meadow Bridge, Va., the 1st and 3rd Divisions of the cavalry corps belonging to Sheridan's command made a dashing raid. May 13.— The battle of Resaca, Ga. (See previous date.) — At Pulaski, Tenn., the 11th U. S. colored troops had a skirmish. — AtTilton, Tenn., the 1st Diyision of cavalry .belonging to the Army of the Cumberland had a sharp skirmish with the rebels. — In an engagement at Point Lookout, Va., a detachment of colored troops and seamen from the flotilla of the Potomac engaged in a lively encounter with the confederates. May 14. — The troops belonging to Banks' Red River expedition had- an engagement at Mansura, La. The action occupied two days. — At Rood's Hill, Va., a portion of the Army of West Virginia engaged in a skirmish. May' 15. — Sigel and Breckenridge met at Newmarket, Ya., and the LTnion force was de- feated, falling back and leaving behind the trains and a hundred prisoners, 120 dead and 560 wounded and 240 missing ; the rebel loss was 85 killed und 320 wounded. — A skirmish took place at Mount Pleasant Landing in which the Union loss was three killed and five wounded. — At Tanner's Bridge, Ga., the Union force lost two killed and 16 wounded. — At Ley's Ferry, Ga., part of the 16th Corps of Sherman's army were in action. May 16. — AtRome Cross Roads, Ga., the 16th Corps of the Array of the Tennessee, belonging to Sherman's command had a iiglit. — At Ashepoo River, S. C, the 34th U. S. colored troops engaged in a slight action. — At Pond Creek, Ky., the 39th Kentucky Infantry en- countered bushwackers. — At Clear Creek, Mo., two companies of the 15th Kansas Cavalry fought guerrillas. — The division of General Tyler, 5th Corps, took position on the Freder- icksburg road preparatory to taking part in the battle at Spotsylvania Court House. — At Smoky Hill, Col., one company of colored troops and a Colorado battery encountered bushwhackers. — At Belcher's Mills, Va., the 3rd New York, 5tli and 11th Pennsjdvania and the 1st District of Columbia Cavalry engaged in an action ; the force belonged to the command of Kautz. — Hardee, commanding the confederates, attacked the Union rear under Howard at Calhoun. — At Adairsville, Jackson, with a detachment of the confederate cavalry of General Polk, fought the advance of the army of General Thomas under Newton. May IT.-rThe armies of the Cumberland, Ohio and Tennessee moved southward in the third part of the plan of Sherman. The com- mand of Jeff C. Davis captured eight guns HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 99 and valuable property of the confederates. — A skirmish took place at Madison Htation, Ala., in wl)ich the 3rd Division and 15th Corps of the Army of the Tennessee engaged. — At Kings- ton, Ga.,the 2nd Cavalry Division of the Army of the Cumberland had a figlit. — At Bayou De Glaize, La., portions of the 16th and 17th Infan- trj' Corps and cavalry belonging to the liJth Corps of the army under General Banks had an encounter with the rebels, whom they lepulsed, inflicting a loss of 500 killed and wounded, their own casualties amounting to 60 killed and 300 wounded. General Smith moved his command to the rear and attacked, defeated and pursued the rebels. The loss of the confederates in this action was 325 in killed and wounded and 250 prisoners. May 18. — The 1st Oregon Cavalry had a skirmish at Crooked River, Oregon, with the Indians. May 19. — Skirmish at Fayetteville, Ark., in which the 6th Kansas Cavalry were engaged. — In a skirmish at Welaka and Saunders, Fla., a detachment of the 17th Connecticut Infantry fought the rebels.— The action atCassville, Ga., begun, the 20th Corps, Army of the Cumber- land being engaged two days. May 20.— At Downer's Bridge, Va., the 5tli New York Cavalrj^ engaged in a skirmish. — At Mil ford Station, Va., the 1st Cavalry Division of the Army of the Potomac made a raid. May 21. — A skirmish, in which the 2nd Colorado Cavalry participated, occurred at Snia's Hills, Mo. — At Mount Pleasant, Miss., two soldiers of the 4th Missouri Cavalry were killed in a skirmish. May 22. -At Old River, La., the 6th Mis- souri Cavalry engaged in a slight skirmish. — On the Mattapony River, Va., activities were progressing towards the finale of the plans of Grant. May 23.— The actions on the North Anna River, including .Jericho Ford, Taylor's Bridge and Tolopotomy Creek, were participated in by the 5tli, 2nd and 9th Corps of the Army of the Potomac, commanded by General Meade. They covered three days and involved a lo.ss to the Union force of 223 killed, 1,460 wounded and 290 missing. The loss to the rebels was 2,000 in killed and wounded. — At Horse Landing, St. .John's liiver, Fla., the steam tug Columbine was captured by the rebels. The 35th U. S. colored troops and the sailors on the tug were engaged. May 24. — In a skirmish at Holly Springs, Miss., the 4th Missouri Cavalry were engaged. At Kingston, Ga., the 50th Ohio and 14th Kentucky Infantry with the 2nd Kentucky Cavalry, engaged in a lively skirmish, in which the Union force lost one killed and two wounded. — At AVilson's AVharf Landing, Va., a well conducted skirmish took place in which the 1st D. C. Infantry and 10th U. S. colored troops and Battery B, U. S. colored artillery, inflicted a loss on the Confederates of 20 killed and 100 wounded. — In a skirmish at Nashville, Tenn., the Union loss to the 15th U. S. colored troops amounted to four killed and eight wounded.— At Sabine Pass, La., a slight skir. mish took place. — Tlie activity ot the rebels at Gaines Cross Roads and Landing became marked. — At Fort Powhatan, N. C, the colored troops were assaulted by rebels and repulsed them. May 25.— The action at Dallas, Ga., com- menced.— At Cassville Station, Ga., the 1st and 11th Kentucky Cavalry were engaged. May 26. — At Burned Church, Ga., the cav- alry of the 1st Division of the Army of the Cumberland fought with a detachment of the rebels. — At Lane's Prairie, Mo., two companies of the 2nd Wisconsin Cavalry had a skirmish. — A torpedo explosion occurred on Bachelor's Creek, N. C, in which the 132ud and 15Sth 100 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL New York Infantry and 58th Pennsylvania lost 35 killed and 19 wounded. — In a lively fight at Decatur and Moulton, Ala., the 1st, 3rd and 4tli Ohio Cavalry, 3rd Brigade, 4th Division, 16th Corps were engaged, with a loss of 48 killed and wounded, the rebels losing 60 in killed and wounded. The action in- cluded several days. May 27.— The movements of the Army of the Potomac on this date are known to history as the passage of the Pamunkey River. At dark of the 26th the withdrawal of the troops to the North Anna commenced and was effected without the knowledge of the rebels. At nine in the morning, General Sheridan reported himself at Hanover Town. On the Hanover Court House road a rebel cavalry force was en- countered and driven back to Crump's Creek, five miles away. The road from Sheridan's position was occupied by Union cavalry to Atlee's Station and Richmond. At noon, Gen- eral Russell reported his arrival at the soutli side of the Pamunkey and, 24 hours later, the 6th Corps had crossed. The 2nd Corj^s fol- lowed. The 5th had crossed earlier . and at midnight the 9th Corps was in position. On the morning of tliat day a severe engagement was begun at Hawes' Shop and the fighting there was continued until late in the evening, when Custer's brigade carried the intrench- ments and drove the rebels. A series of fights occurred on the 28th, 29th, 30th and 31st in the attempt of Grant to force the front lines of the rebels. The loss was 1,607 in killed, wounded and missing, that of the confederates being much larger. Grant made a flank move- ment and, on the 1st day of June, took posses- sion of Cold Harbor. — At San Carlos River, Cal., an engagement took place, in which Com- pany K, 5th California Infantry was involved. May 28. -At Little Rock, Ark., the 57th U. S. colored troops had a skirmish. — At Pleasant Hill, Mo., the 2nd Colorado Cavalry became involved in a slight skirmish. — At .Jacksonville, Fla., the 7th U. S. colored troops were engaged. — The 1st, 3rd and 4th Ohio Cavalry of the Army of the Cumberland fought at Moulton, Ala. May 29. — The action belonging to the cross- ing of the Pamunkey River known as Tolopo- tomy Creek or Salem Church was fought by the 2nd and 5th Corps, Army of the Potomac, and continued to the 31st of May. May 30. — The 3rd Division, Cavalry Corps, Army of the Potomac, fouglit at Hanover Court House, Va. ; a skirmish also took place at Ashland, Va., in which the same troops under General Wilson were engaged. The loss in both were 26 killed and 130 wounded. — At Old Church, Va., the 1st Division of the cavalry corps. Army of the Potomac, had an. engage- ment. The command was under General Tor- bett and the loss was 16 killed and 74 wounded. — At Dardanelle, Ga., a slight skirmish took place. May 31. — A convention of persons who be- lieved the measures of the administration too lenient, was held at Cleveland, Ohio, and John C. Fremont was nominated for President and John C. Cochrane for Vice President. Later, the action was rescinded and adliesion to the administration of Lincoln and Johnson was advised. June 1. — Grant's possession of "Cold Harbor cost 2,000 men. On this date the rebels made two determined efforts to dislodge Sheridan's troops, to meet with repulse and heavy loss. Sharp fighting was maintained until the early afternoon of the 3rd, when the activities be- longing properly to the battle of Cold Harbor came to an end. The losses of the Army of the Potomac were 1,905 killed, 10,570 wounded and 2,456 missing. The confederate losses were reported and estimated considerably less, HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 101 tlie holding of the place being accomplished at heavy cost to the Union troops. Brigadier Generals Brooks and Byrnes were killed and Tyler and Stannard wounded. — A .slight skir- mish occurred at Greentown, Mo. June 2. — The 10th Corps, Army of the Potomac, fought Longstreet's reserve at Ber- muda Hundred, sustaining a lo.ss of 25 killed and 100 wounded. — The engagements on the Pamuukey referred to above took place at Gaines' Mills, Salem Church and Hawes' Store, Va. The cavahy of Sheridan was engaged. — At Ossabaw Sound, Ga., an engagement of slight moment took place. June 3.— A detachment of the 3rd Missouri Cavalry had a skirmish at Searcey, Ark. — At Panther and Buffalo Gap, W. Va., Hayes Brig- ade, 2nd Division, Army of West Virginia, bad a sharp encounter with the rebels with a loss of 25 killed and wounded to both. — At Ack- worth, Ga., the 2nd Division of Cavalry, Army of the Cumberland, belonging to Sherman's troops were engaged.— A slight skirmish oc- curred at Georgetown, Va. Jnne 4. — Slight action at Jasper, Tenn. June 5. — At Piedmont or Mount Crawford, W. Va., the troops of General Hunter encoun- tered General W. F. .Jones and defeated him, taking 1,500 prisoners and three guns. Hun- ter lost 130 killed and 650 wounded. The rebels lost 460 killed and 1,450 wounded, the commander being among the former. June 6. — Active operations were in j^rogress at Atlanta, on the Chattahoochie at Columbia, Ark., and at Chicot Lake in that State. The latter is variously known as Old River Lake, Ditch Bayou, Columbia and Fish Bayou. The 16th Corps of Steele's command was involved and the loss was 40 killed and 70 wounded. The rebel loss was 100 killed and wounded. — At Greenland Gap Road, near Moorefield, W. Va., the 22d Pennsylvania, Cavalry made a raid. Slight activities at Ackworth, Ga., and Staunton, Va. June 7. — National Republican Convention was held at Baltimore which took a decided stand on the war question, strenuously opjwsing any compromise. Abraham Lincoln was nominated for President and Andrew Johnson for Vice President.— At Ripley, Miss., the cavalry of General Sturgis' command made an advance and had an engagement; the skirmishing in the expedition to Guntown commenced on the 5th of the month and lasted until the 10th. — Smirmish at Rienzi, Miss. June 8.— At Lost Mountain, Ga., and Paris, Ky., activities took place. June 9. — Sherman moved from New Hope Church to Ackworth and fortified and gar- risoned Allatoona Pass, making it a base of supplies. Johnston transferred his army in accordance with the operations of the Union force and intrenched. Meanwhile, Sherman gave his attention to making ready for a pro- tracted series of operations, receiving reinforce- ments, collecting provisions and putting in order railroads and highways in readiness tor possible emergencies. The veterans and cav- alry that made connection with his command on the 8th, supplied his former losses and the deficit made by soldiers left behind on garrison duty. On the 0th he took position at Big Shanty, half way between Ackworth and Ken- esaw and, two days later, McPherson, Schofield and Thomas, with their commands, were in posi- tion for the fights which made the period until the 30tli famous. Sherman assaulted the lines of the rebels in every manner known to modern warfare. The fighting at the various points is known to history under the name of Kenesaw Mountain and included the engagements which will be found on the dates on which they oc- curred. The fighting was heavy and, on the 14th, Pine Mountain was abandoned by John- 102 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL stoii. The Union general pressed np to tlie new position selected by the rebel commander, Kenesaw being the point d'avantage. On the 22nd, Hooker was suddenly attacked by Hood near Gulp's House and at first was in tlie lurch, being driven by the rebels. Soon, however, the Union lines rallied and Hood was driven back in great confusion, leaving his dead and wounded and losing many prisoners. On the 24th the order was issued for the attack of Kenesaw, which was carried into effect on the 27th. On that day Tliomas and McPherson made the assault in their fronts, after a period of vigorous use of tlie heavy artillery. They met with repulse with heavj' loss and another flank movement became a necessity. The entire loss of the fighting of more than twenty days aggregated 1,370 killed, 6,500 wounded and 800 missing, the rebels losing 1,100 killed and 3,500 wounded and missing. Generals Harker and Dan. McCook on the Union side were killed, the rebels losing General (Bishop) Leonidas Polk.— At Point of Rocks, Md., the 2nd U. S. colored cavalry had a skirmish in which they lost two men killed. — At Mount Sterling, Ky., Burbridge's Cavalry of the Di- vision of Kentucky engaged in a tight in which they lost 35 killed and 150 wounded ; the rebels lost 50 killed and 200 wounded and 250 captured. — At La Fayette, Tenn., the 7th Kansas Cavalry engaged in a skirmish of little account. June 10.— Gen S. D. Sturgis with 9,000 in- fantry and 3,000 cavalry, the latter com- manded by Grierson, the former compris- ing the bulk of the command of Gen. A. J. Smith, advanced through West Ten- nessee under orders to find and disperse the force of Price. They crossed into North, ern Mississippi and encountered the rebels at Guntowu on the Mobile railroad, Grier- son's cavalry meeting that of Forrest, and the dauntless Union cavalry chief pushed the cavalry of Forrest back upon his infantrj'. Sturgis, witli the infantry of the federal com- mand, was some miles distant but, hearing of Grierson's position, pushed forward on tlie double quick. The excessive heat so exliausted the troops that they were totally unfit tor the business of precipitate action, and defeat awaited them. They were routed and their trains captured. Between three and four thou- sand prisoners were taken by the rebels. The action is also called Brice's Cross Roads.— In a fight near Petersburg, Va., a portion of the 10th Corps and the cavalry force of Kautz were en- gaged and lost 20 killed and 67 wounded. — At Cynthiana and Kellar's Bridge, Ky., the 168th and 171st Oliio (100-day men) encountered the guerrillas under John Morgan and suffered heavily, losing 21 killed and nearly a thousand captured. — On this date occurred the engage- ment at Old Church, ^^a.,in wliicl; the 3rd Di- vision, cavalrj corps. Army of the Potomac were in action. — Morgan raided Frankfort, Ky., and was confronted by tlie enrolled militia and citizens. — At Lexington, Va., on this and tlie following day, the 2nd Division of the Army of West Virginia engaged in an indecisive action in which the Union loss was six killed and 18 wounded. — At Cane Creek, Ala., the 106tli Oliio Infantry skirmished with guerrillas. — At Lex- ington, Ky., the 4th Kentucky Cavalry skirm- ished without decisive results. — At Princeton, Ky., an action took place. — The 2nd New Jer- sey Cavalry fought at Corinth during the Gun- town expedition. June 11. — Another action took place at Cynthiana, Ky., in which the cavalry of the Division of Kentucky had a skirmish witli Morgan's force. They captured 400 of tlie raiders and killed and disabled 300 more, losing 150.— At Wilson's Landing, Va., tlie 1st U. S. colored cavalry engaged in a skirmish. — At Rip- HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. lOS ley, Miss., the 3rd and 4th Iowa and 2nd New Jersey and 4th Missouri Cavah'y have a Hvely engagement during the Guntovvn expedition. — At Trevilhan Station, Central R. R., Va., the 1st and 2nd Division Cavalry Corps, Army of the Potomac had an engagement, in which 85 were killed, 490 wounded and 160 missing; rebel loss was 370 missing. Two days were consumed in this action. June 12. — The heaviest part of the action mentioned on the lltli occurred on this date. — At McAfee's Cross Roads the cavalry belonging to the command of Sherman, (Army of the Cumberland) engaged in a tight. — At Kings- ville, Mo., a scouting detail from the 1st Mis- souri Militia Cavahy encountered the rebels-. — Activities at Gordonsville, Va. June 13. — At White Oak Swamp Bridge, the cavalry connected with the commands of Gen- erals Wilson and Crawford engaged in a heavy skirmish, losing 50 killed and 250 wounded. — At White Post, W. Va., the 6th West Virginia Cavalry had a slight engagement. — An en- counter between Union soldiers and rebels took place at Wilcox' Landing, N. C. June 14. — Pine Mountain fight during the general engagement at Kenesaw Mountain, Ga. — At Lexington, Mo., a detachment of the 1st Missouri Militia Cavalry engaged a small rebel force and lost eight men in killed and one wounded. — At Buchanan, near Lexington, Va., the Army of West Virginia made an advance. June 15. — The cavalry force of General Wil- son encountered the rebels in a heavy skirmish at Samaria Church and Malvern Hill, Va. The killed were 25 and the wounded three in num- ber ; the rebels lost 100 killed and wounded. — At Moscow, Tenn., in an engagement between the 55th U. S. colored troops and the rebel guerrillas, the loss was insignificant. — Com- mencement of activities preparatory to the siege of Petersburg, Va, The feasibility of the cap- ture of the city was not apprehended until the opportunity had passed and it became evident that it was, practically, the key to the advance on Richmond. On the 15th, matters approached a focus at that place and battle was in fierce progress on the next day. Disaster waited on the rebel arms and, on that day, the work of taking the city seems to have been assured if the correct view of affairs had been taken. But by noon of the next day tlie rebels were again on the ^defensive and the lighting throughout that day was indecisive, and resulted only in the inauguration of the siege which was not terminated until April 2nd, 1865. When the fighting was renewed by the Union toops on the 18th, it was found that the rebels were in an impregnable position for the nonce. The troops engaged in the three days encounters included the 10th and ISth Corps, Army of the .James under Butler, the 2nd, 5th, 6th and Dth Corps, Army of the Potomac commanded by Meade. The loss ni killed was 1,298, wounded 7,474 and 1,814 missing. Baylor's Farm, Va., was in- cluded in the above action on the 15th. — At Tunica, on the Red River, the troops of Bank's expedition had a skirmish with the rebels on the banks of the river. June 16. — At Otter Creek, Va., the troops of Hunter's command. Army of West Virgina, skirmished with guerrillas and lost three killed and 15 wounded.— At Wier Bottom Creek, Va., (Siege of Petersburg,) the 2nd Division, 10th Corps, Army of the James, engaged in one of the fights included in one of the actions out- lined above.— At Golgotha, Ga., the 2nd Corps of Sherman's army had a fight.— Walthal, Va., was the scene of one of the engagements be- fore Pittsburg in whicii the 1st Division of the 10th Corps was engaged. — At Pierson's Farm the 36th U. S. colored troops fought the rebels. June 17.— Lynchburg, Va. Hunter had beeu 104 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL reinforced by Crook's divison of infantry and Averill's cavalry, making his command 18,000 strong, with 30 guns. He pressed towards Lyncliljurg, destroying Staunton and the fac- tories of the rebels and helping himself to such supplies as his troops needed. It is said that the troops waded in tobacco that was ruth- lessly scattered in the streets. The Virginia Central railway was destroyed for several miles and the rairoad shops and supplies burned, the culverts and bridges benig ruined beyond repair. On the 12th, Crook's advance met and repulsed McCausland's forces; Hunter took possession of the town. At Waynesboro, Duf- fle's cavalry tested the mettle and position of the rebels and moved by a different route. They broke the railroad at Amherst Court House and repulsed Imboden, who followed. The rebel cavalry lost about 100 prisoners, in- cluding 17 officers ; 400 horses were taken and two iron furnaces, and large quantities of com- missary stores were destroyed and a part of Imboden's train, which was returning by AVhite Gap. The loss of Duffie was not serious. The delay saved Lynchburg, which had been reached and its outposts taken on the 17th by Cook and Averill. Early's infantry made a sally to meet the attack but was driven back, the Union soldiers showing conspicuous bra- very, the 116th Ohio planting their colors on the breastworks of Early who was driven back. Hunter became assured that Lynchburg was invulnerable and, at night, of the 17th,withdrew. The Union loss was 100 killed, 500 wounded ; the rebels lost 200 in killed and wounded. — At Nose Creek, Ga., an action took place. — At Quaker Church, Va., a slight engagement oc- curred. June 18.— An action took place at Bards town, Ky. June 19. -During the battle known as Kene- saw Mountain, a fight took place at Pine Knob. — The capture of the Alabama at Cherbourg, France. The rebel war steamer arrived in French waters eight days before. Three days later, the Kearsarge entered the bay. Semmes, the commander, decided on a fight and, on tlie morning of the 19th, took a position at the limit of neutral waters, escorted by the iron clad Couronne, a French vessel. The Deerhound, an English yacht, was at hand to see the sport. When the Kearsarge had passed a distance of seven miles she turned to give battle and steamed straight for the Alabama. Within a mile, the latter opened fire on the Kearsarge, which sheered around and gave a broadside with great effect. The steamers made a series of concentric circles,' the Kearsarge endeavoring to prevent this course in vain. At the seveutli revolution, the Alabama, perceiving tlie hope- lessness of her case, headed for the shore, five miles away. Two miles would bring her with- in French waters but the attempt was too late. She became disabled, the Kearsarge taking a raking position and firing across her bows and Semmes run up the white flag. A small boat containing an ofiicer came alongside the Kear- sarge and stated that she surrendered and was fast sinking. The boats of the conqueror were lowered to save the enemy's men from drown- ing, and Captain Winslow requested the com- mander of the Deerhound, which approached, to aid in the rescue. The men and officers of the Alabama took to the water and forty, in- cluding Semmes, were picked up bj' the Deer- hound, which steamed for Cherbourg and her passengers escaped capture through the clem- ency of Winslow. The latter took 70 prisoners and had the satisfaction and honor of ridding the earth of a rebel privateer which had been the terror of the American shipping for a long period. The loss in killed and wounded on the Kearsarge was three ; that of the Alabama included nine killed and 21 wounded. , C- L^ C-'/S HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 105 June 20. — The fighting in front of Peters- burg, Va., was continued without accomplish- ing determinate results. From the 18th, when the siege proper began, to the 20th, the loss of the Federal forces before the city 'amounted to 112 killed and 506 wounded, Generals Cham- berlain and Egan being among the latter. The number of missing was 800 in round numbers. — General Abercrorabie of the Army of the Poto- mac was attacked bj- a portion of the force of General Wade Hampton and the affair was terminated by the arrival of General Sheridan. The attacks were made in the vicinity of White House and continued until the 24th. — At Lib- erty, Va., the 2nd Division of cavalry, Army of W. Vu., were engaged. — At Powder Spring, Ga., the cavalry of the Army of the Cumberland fought one of the engagements mentioned in the account of the march of Sherman above. — — At Lattamore's Mills, Ga., the cavalry men- tioned liad another encounter in the same cam- paign, or Kenesaw Mountain. June 21.— At Salem, Va., the 2ud Division of Cavalry, Army of West Virginia, commanded by Averill, encountered the rebels, sustaining a loss of six killed and 10 wounded. The con- federate loss was 10 killed and wounded. — On the James River at Dutch Gap, a naval engage- ment occurred in tlie neighborhood of the canal.— At Buford's Gap, Va., the 23rd Ohio Infantry had a skirmish with a loss of 15 killed. — At White House Landing, Va., portions of the 1st and 2nd Divisions, Cavalry Corps, Army of the Potomac, drove the rebels who were attack- ing the position of Abercrombie. — At Pine Bluff, Ark., the 27th Wisconsin, belonging to General Steele's force, had a lively skirmish. — Skirmishes at Aiken's Landing, S. C, Kingston, N. C, Davis' Farm, Va.— Lincoln visited the army and the situation was discussed between him. General Butler and General Grant. June 22. — The movements against the ^'^ir- ginia railroads were put in progress. The 6th and 2nd Corps started for the line of the Wel- don railroad and the forces of General Barlow were attacked by the rebels who inflicted ruin- ous results. The fight continued through the day and a large number of Lhiion soldiers were killed and wounded and 2,000 prisoners were taken by the rebels. The corps rallied and made another attempt to accomplish effective work on the 23rd. Meanwhile, Sheridan's cavalry were as.sailed at AVhite House, fifty miles away, and narrowly escaped destruction. On the 25th he succeeded in crossing the James with an enormous wagon train, the rebels wor- rying the rear of the command. The fighting was urgent during the passage from the Pam- unkey, but Sheridan preserved his trains. — The cavalry of Wilson and Kautz started at two o'clock on the morning of the 22nd for the Danville railroad. They struck the Weldon at Ream's Station which they destroyed and did other mischief. They swept across to the Lynchburg road and commenced tearing up the track at Sutherland's Station, and destroyed the track to Ford's Station, a distance of 22 miles, burning locomotives and depots. On the 23rd, Kautz started for Burksville, the in- tersection of the Richmond & Danville and Petersburg and Lynchburg railroads. At that point he destroyed depot and cars and com- menced tearing up the track. In the afternoon he was attacked by a rebel force and at night- the rebels retired. On the 24th, Wilson and Kautz .started for Meberrin on the Danville road, the troops of Wilson crossing the coun- try and those of Kautz following the track of the railroad. From Meberrin they went to Keysville, destroying the road and stock as they advanced. At Staunton they were interrupted in their devastating progress by a strong rebel force and failed to destroy the bi-idge. They set out on their return, annoyed 106 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL by attacking forces of rebels at various points. At Stony Creek the confederates opposed them in great numbers and in the niglat Kautz started for Reams' Station to find it in the pos- session of the rebels. Wilson soon joined him, but their combined forces only encountered disaster. In disordered condition the troops of Kautz started^ for their old camps which they reached on the 30th, exhausted and worn out, many sleeping in their saddles. Wilson arrived at the Union lines on the 1st of July in no better condition than his colleague. Not- withstanding the terrible cost of the destruction of the railroads, it accomplished the purpose sought. Grant's report very singularly omit- ted mention of this attempt on the Weldon railroad mentioned in the lirst part of this sec- tion under the same date. The loss to the army of the Potomac was reported to an early historian as 5,316 in 10 days from the 20th to the 30th of July, but it is not certain whether this includes the cavalry losses, there being no battles, but rather heavy skirmishing. It has been estimated that tlie losses in the several cavalry raids on the roads and the encounters with the rebels aggregated about 3,000. — At White River, Ark., three companies of the 12th Iowa Infantry, aided by the gunboat Lexing- ton, skirmished with the rebels and lost two killed and four wounded, the rebel loss being about the same.—The action at Gulp's House (Kenesaw Mountain) took place on this day. — At St. Mary's River, Fla., a sliglit skirmish oc- curred. June 23. — At Jones' Bridge, Va., tlie 1st and 2nd Divisions, cavalry corps, Army of the Po- tomac, and 28th U. S. colored troops were at- tacked by the rebels, the same action including that at Samaria Church and occujaying two days. The Union loss was 54 killed and 235 wounded. The rebels lost 250 killed and wounded,— Wilson's raid at Nottoway C. H,^ At Collinsville, Miss., a train on the Charleston & Mississippi railroad was attacked by bush- whackers. — At Lafayetta, Tenn., an action of little importance occurred. June 24. — At White River, Ark., the steamer Queen City and gunboats had an engagement with the rebels. The steamor was captured first and blown up. Tlie tinclads Tyler and Naumkeag and unarmored boat Fawn followed with a deliberate attack and drove the rebels from their position. — The action at Staunton Bridge, Wilson's raid. June 25. — The Uth Missouri, 9th Iowa and 3rd Michigan Cavalry, the 126th Illinois In- fantry and Battery D, 2nd Missouri Artillery engaged with the rebels at Clarendon on the St. Charles River, Ark. The loss to the Union troops was about 200 ; that of the rebels being the same in missing. — At Point Pleasant, La., the 64th U. S. colored troops had an action of little importance. June 27. — General assault at Kenesaw Mountain. — At Charlestown, W. Va., the 1st Division of the Army of West Virginia fought the rebels. June 28. — At Stony Creek, Va., Wilson's raid. June 29. — Ream's Station, Va., Wilson's raid. — Action at Lafayette, Ga., in which the 4th and 6th Kentucky Cavalry engaged. July 1. — Action at Seabrook Island, S. C. July 2. — A skirmish took place at Pine Blutf, Ark., in which the 64th U. S. colored troops were engaged with a loss of six killed. — A sharp engagement on James Island at Fort Johnston in which the troops of the Department of the South suffered a loss of 19 killed, 97 wounded and 135 missing. — The ord Iowa Cavalry became involved in a skirmish at Salisbury, Miss. — At Nickajack Creek, Ga., Sherman's troops engaged the rebels and sus- tained a loss of 60 killed and 310 wounded, the HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 107 rebel loss being 100 killed and wounded ; the action covered about three days; the regiments of the Armies of the Cumberland and the Ten- .nessee were involved.--At White Point a slight action occurred. July 3. — In an expedition from Vicksburg to Jackson, Miss., which included six days, the 1st Division of the 17th Army Corps was engaged in several skirmishes in which the aggregate Union loss was 150 wounded, and the rebel loss was "200 wounded. — The lOtli West Virginia and 1st New York Cavalry engaged with the rebels at Leetown, Va , re- sulting in a loss of three Union soldiers killed and 12 wounded.— At Hammack's Mills, W. Va., a detail from the 153rd Ohio National Guard lost three killed and seven wounded in a rebel attack. — Skirmishes, etc., at Platte City, Mo., Martinsburg and Winchester, Va. July 4. — At Searcy, Ark., a detachment of Arkansas cavalry engaged in a raid. — At Vicks- burg, Miss., a regiment of colored troops sus- tained a loss of one killed and seven wounded in a skirmish.^Sirmishes, etc., in Clay county, Mo., and Point of Rocks, Md.-The 2nd Wis- consin Cavalry encountered the rebels at Clinton, Miss., while en route to Jackson. — In an action near Port Gibson, Miss., two regi- ments of Union soldiers lost six killed and 18 wounded. — At Bolivar and Maryland Heights, Va., the troops under General Sigel commenced an action which included three days with a loss of 20 killed and 80 wounded. July 5 — The advance of General A. J. Smith against Forrest at Tupelo commenced, the Union force leaving La Grange, Tenn , and marching to the place where the rebels were concentrated and Forrest was defeated with a loss to the Union forces of 85 killed and 5G7 wounded; the confederate loss was 110 killed and 600 wounded. — The troops of General Foster fought the I'ebels at John's Island with a loss of 16 killed and 82 wounded ; rebel lo.ss, 20 killed and 30 wounded.— In a skirmish at Hagerstown, Md., two- Union soldiers were killed and six wounded. — Slight affair at Mechanicstown, Md.— The 2nd Wisconsin, 5th and 11th Illinois Cavalry with three Illinois infantry regiments and a colored cavalry regi- ment set out on an expedition to Jackson, Miss. — The 2nd Colorado Cavalry engaged in an action on the Little Blue River, Mo., and lost eight killed and one wounded. — At Mount Zion Church, Va., the 2nd Massachusetts Cavalry had an engagement of slight importance. — The Armies of the (,)hio, Tennessee and Cumberland prepared to move across the Chattahoochie River. July 7. — At the mouth of Soap Creek, Gen- eral Schofield commanding the Army of the Ohio, surprised the confederate guard ; Gar- rard's cavalry moved to Rosswell and destroyed factories engaged in manufacturing cloth for the rebel armies ; an infantry division froin^he command of Thomas moved to his support at a ford and the entire command of McPherson took position ; Howard's corps constructed a bridge at Power's Ferry and moved to a posi- tion on the right of Schofield ; in these move- ments, during which Johnston crossed the river and took iiis position at Peach Tree Creek and on the river, covering Atlanta, the loss to the Union force was eight killed and 450 wounded. — In a skirmish at Solomon's Gap and Middle- ton, Md., the Union trooj^g lost five killed and 20 wounded. — Skirmishes and other activities occurred at Hagar's Mountain, Md., Clinton, and Ripley, Miss., and Harper's Ferry, Md. July 8. — An unimportant affair occurred at Parkersville, Va. July 9. — Early's raid. — General Wallace se- lected a position at Monocacy, Md., to check the operations of the restless rebel who attacked and defeated the Union force ; troops from 108 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL Pennsylvania and New York, convalescant veterans from the hospitals at Washington and Smith's corps from the Army of the Potomac moved to the defense of Washington and Early retreated after having inflicted a loss of 90 killed, 579 wounded and the loss of a consider- able quantity of supplies which he captured ; the loss in killed and wounded of the rebels was 400. — During this movement slight skirm- ishes took place at Rockville, Darnestown, Reisterstown and Cockeysville, Md. July 11.— Rousseau's raid in Alabama and Georgia. — The movement of Johnston across the Chattahoochie caused the despatching of Rousseau with a cavalry force and tv,'0 pieces of artillery from Decatur, Ala., and a part of the command crossed the Coosa July 13th and were attacked at Stone's Ferry by General Clayton, commanding a force of rebel cavalry ; they were routed and the Union troops pro- ceeded to Selnia, where they dispersed a camp of %0 rebel conscripts and moved on to the West Point railroad at Chewa Station where Clayton was again encountered and driven with a loss of 40 killed and a large number of wounded; great quantities of supplies were captured and the railroad destroyed. — Rousseau arrived at Marietta July 22nd, having destroyed 25 miles of railroad, and he brought in 400 mules and 300 horses and sustained a loss throughout of 12 killed and 30 wounded.— At Tenallytown near Washington, during Early's retreat, a slight skirmish took place. — A slight action took place at Magnolia, Miss.— At Pon- totoc, Miss., in the expedition to Tupelo, the 8th Wisconsin, 5tli Minnesota and the 11th Missouri Infantry with the 2nd Iowa Cavalry, had an encounter with the rebels. July 12.— Early made a threatening move- ment on Fort Stevens, a remote fortification be- longing to the defenses of Washington, and was driven by a brigade of the 6th Corps after a hot engagement, in which the Lhiion loss was 54 killed and 319 wounded. — At Petit Jean, Ark., a company of Arkansas cavalry have a slight action. — At Lee's Mills, Va., a detachment from " the Army of the Potomac encountered the rebels and sustained a loss of three killed and 13 wounded and inflicted on the rebels a loss of 25 killed and wounded. July 13.— At Tupelo the forces of Smith's expedition engaged in a sharp action at Harris- burg, Miss. July 14. — In Rousseau's raid on the Coosa River, Ala., the 8th Indiana and the 5th Ohio Cavalry encountered the rebels under Clayton. — In a skirmish at Ozark, Mo., the 14tli Kan- sas Cavalry sustained a loss of two men killed and one wounded — At Farr's Mills, Ark., the 4th Arkansas Cavalry engaged in an action. July. 15. — At Stone's Ferry on the Talla- poosa River, Ala., the rebels contested the crossing of Rousseau's troops.— An engagement connected with the Tupelo expedition took place at Oldtown Creek, Miss. July 16. — At Grand Gulf on the Mississippi River the 72nd and 76th Illinois Infantry, 2nd Wisconsin Cavalry and 53d U. S. colored troops were attacked by the rebels on their way to Texas ; the action covered two days. July 17. — At Fredericksburg, Mo., the 2nd Colorado Cavalry encountered the rebels. July 18. — Battle at Winchester, Va. Gen- eral Early attacked the Union troops under Torbert, who was stationed to cover the with- drawal of Sheridan, who did not consider the position at Winchester defensible and deemed it wisest to move his command back to Berry- ville ; Torbert held his troops until the with- drawal was accomplished, losing 97 in killed and wounded from his infantry force, with 200 prisoners, and also sustained a loss of 50 cav- alry. — At Auburn, Ga., the 9th Ohio and 4th Tennessee Cavalry have a skirmish.— In the HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 109 action at Chewa Station the 8th Indiana, 5th Iowa and 4th Tennessee Cavahy engaged in an action which has been mentioned above in connection with Rousseau's raid. — During Early's retreat tlie actions already mentioned — Snicker's Ferry, Island Ford on the Shenan- doah River, Va — occurred on this date. — The cavalry of the Army of West Virginia forced their way through A^hby's Gap. July 19.- — Action at Darkesville, Va. July 20.— Battle of Peach Tree Creek. The rebel army was posted on the west bank of Peach Tree Creek, their line extending from Turner's Ferry to the Augusta road ; the com- mand had been turned over three days prev- ious to Hood by General Johnston under orders from the confederate Secretary of State, by whom he was relieved of his command be- cause he had failed to check the progress of Sherman's army. Johnston remained with Hood at headquarters and explained his plans for the defense of Atlanta, until the afternoon of the 18th. On that day, McPherson reached a point seven miles east of Decatur and de- stroyed four miles of railroad; Sciiofield ar- rived at Decatur the same day and Thomas constructed bridges over Peach Tree Creek and moved his troops across in the face of the ene- my. Hood ordered an attack on the lines of Thomas July 20tb and, after a stubborn con- test, withdrew his lines, sustaining a loss of 1,113 killed, 2,500 wounded and 1,183 missing, most of whom were prisoners ; the loss to the Army of the Cumberland formed an aggregate of 1,600 killed and wounded.— Slight action at Gonzales, Tex. July 21.— Construction of the pontoon bridges at Deep Bottom, Va., by the command of Butler. - Unimportant skirmish at Hender- son, Ky. July 22. — Battle of Atlanta. Hood's attack on the Army of the Tennessee under McPher- son. General Hood was a fighter and not a strategist ; his attack on the Army of the Cum- berland having failed, the movement of the Army of the Tennessee to the right of his po- sition would necessitate the evacuation of At- lanta if not checked and Hood abandoned the position to which lie had withdrawn after the battle of Peach Tree Creek and on the night of the 21st he pushed his lines close to Atlanta. The movements of McPherson at the same time, and the fact that Blair had pushed for- ward and taken a commanding position within two miles of Atlanta, gave the Federal army an advantage which was increased by the strengthening and contracti.ig of Sherman's entire force and the battle of Atlanta followed, the rebels being driven from the field with great slaughter, the general fighting by the Federal forces being rendered most effective by the enfilading fire from the batteries from Schofield's command, which poured continu- ously upon the rebels until they retired. The cavalry under Garrard had been employed. in the destruction of the Augusta railroad west of Atlanta and this movement, coupled with that of Rousseau on the West Point railroad, left to the rebels but one line of communication — the Macon railroad. To reach this, Sherman transferred his army to the west of Atlanta. The reports of the commanding general of the battle of July 22nd gives the aggregate of killed and wounded and prisoners at 3,722, and estimates the rebel loss at 8,000. McPherson was killed. — The 6th U. S. colored artillery encounter tlie rebels at Vidalia, La. July 23. — General Crook, m command at Harper's Ferry, moved up the valley with a small force and encountered Early at Kerns- town, sustaining defeat and being driven back to Martinsburg with a loss of 1,200 in killed and wounded, the aggregate rebel loss being 600. The action included two days. no CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL July 24. — At Carrolton Lauding, Caroline Bend, Miss., tlie 6th Michigan Artilleiy, on Board the Clara Belle, had an encounter with the rebels on the shore. July 25. -At Cortland, Ala., the 18th Michi- gan and 32nd Wisconsin Infantry engaged in a continuous skirmish with the rebels, who attacked a wagon train and gave them a suc- cessful thrashing, foiling all their efforts to capture the supplies. July 29. — In a fight at Wallaces' Ferry on Big Creek, Ark., the 15th Illinois Cavalry and a company of colored artillery and 60th and 56th U. S. Colored Regiments, engaged in a sharp action, losing 16 killed and 32 wounded, the rebel lo.ss being 150 killed and wounded. — At Des Arc, Ark., the llth Missouri Cavalry had a slight skirmish. — At Haxall's Landing, Va., Early'.s cavalry and a small force of Union cav- alry met in an unimportant scrimmage. — The 25th Mounted Ohio Infantry sustained a rebel attack at St. Mary's Trestle, Fla.— Stoneman's raid. General Stoneman in command of 5,000 cavalry, and General E. M. McCook, in com- mand of 4,000 cavalry, commenced the move- ment known to history under the caption which has been given. The two cavalry commanders, moving respectively to the left and right, were under orders from General Sherman to meet on the night of July 28th on the Macon railroad near Lovejoy Station, a considerable distance south of Atlanta, and effectually destroy the railroad which, it has been stated already, was the only line- of rebel communication. McCook moved down the west bank of the Chattahoochie to a location near Rivertown, crossed the river and destroyed a portion of the West Point railway and, at Fayetteville, destroyed a large rebel wagon train, and afterwards accomplished much destruction at Lovejoy's ; Stoneman disregarded all instructions and ignored the mam purpose of his movement and did not effect the junction with McCook. He was surrounded by the rebels under Iverson and, despatching a large portion of his conmiand, (a part of which re- turned to Sherman) he surrendered with the small force he had retained. No advantage was gained. Stoneman had asked permission to press on to Macon and Andersonville and re- lease the Union prisoners there held. He reached Macon hut made no attempt on the town and, although some damage was done to the railroad, it was not sufficiently effective to cut off the rebel communication. McCook suc- ceeded in extricating himself but lost about 500 of his force. The 1st Wisconsin, 6th and 8th Iowa and 2nd and 8th Indiana, were incorpor- ated in McCook's command in his raid to Love- joy Station. July 27.— At Mazzard Prairie, Fort Smith, Ark., 200 soldiers of the 6th Kansas Cavalry were attacked by a greatly superior force ; the rebels killed 12, wounded 17 and captured 150 Union soldiers and inflicted a loss of 12 killed and wounded. — The Army of the James began the passage of the river Deep Bottom and drove the rebels from Bailej^'s Creek and also captured a rebel hatterj^ on the Newmarket Road. Sheridan encountered Kershaw's cav- alry and fought him with a dismounted force. — The aggressive movements of the Union forces at the points named and at Malvern Hill, convinced Lee that Richmond was the ob- jective point of the Federal movements. — The colored troops in Florida at Whiteside, Black Creek, sustained a rebel assault. July 28. — Hood's attack on Sherman's troops at Ezra Church, Ga. On the 27th of July, the Army of the Tennessee was trans- ferred to a position in which it prolonged the Federal lines, and on the morning of the 28tli firing commenced fi'om the rebel position. About noon an attack was made on the corps of Logan by the rebels under General Cheat- HISTORY OF THE CIVH. WAR. Ill ham, who repeated their assaults until late in the afternoon, each of them being repulsed with great loss to the rebels ; Logan's loss was less than 700; Cheatham abandoned the field, leaving 642 killed and 1,000 of bis men were missing and prisoners ; he had 3,000 wounded men to look after. — Several regiments of Min- nesota, Iowa and Dakota troops had a sharp fight with the Indians at Tah-kah-o-kuty, Dak. Terr. — At Atchafalaya River, a portion of the 19th Corps have an engagement. — At West Point, Ark., the 11th Missouri Cavalry had a skirmish with the rebel. — At Campbelltown, Ga., a portion of McCook's cavalry, while re- tracing their route after their encounter at Lovejoy's with the rebels, engaged in a success- ful skirmish with a rebel cavalry force. — At Flat Shoals, Ga., a detachment of Garrard's cavalry in Stoneman's raid engaged in a skir- mish. — Unimportant affairs at Chambersburg and Four-Mile Creek, Va., and at Palmetto Station, Ga. (On this date the continuous siege of the city of Atlanta, lasting until Sept. 22nd, was commenced.) July 29. — In a skirmish at Clear Springs, Md., the confederate loss was 17 killed and wounded. — At Fort Smith, Ark., a slight skir- mish occurred without casualty on either side. — The cavalry belonging to McCook's com- mand met the rebel cavalry at Lovejoy Sta- tion, Ga., (This affair has been treated pre- viously.) July 30. — Explosion of the mine at Peters- burg, Va. The explosion took place at half past 3 o'clock in ihe morning. It was wholly a surprise to the rebels and the dis- charge of 8,000 pounds of powder created a cavity which has gone into history as "the cra- ater;" the concussion had hardly ceased before the head of Ledlie's division began to move for the breach ; the deep excavation with its sides of loose sand into which protruded the beams and timbers of the fort, presented a seemingly impassable obstacle, and all military order was abandoned, the soldiers pressing forward in great confusion. A considerable space on the sides of the top of the crater had been aban- doned by the rebels and upon these the ad- vancing brigades crowded until the breach was filled with a disorganized mass of soldiers; a single i-eginent climbed the slope and ad- vanced toward a point beyond which was the object of the as.sault but, not being supported, the command fell back to the crater. The rebels speedily recovered from the first shock and with great dispatch planted batteries to sweep the approaches to the crater. The posi- tion of the Federal troops was most dangerous and in their withdrawal the destruction from the mortar shells, musketry and artillerj' which poured upon them was fearful. In ad- dition, they were suffering from having been crowded into the narrow slaughter pen where they had been eight hours without water un- der the fierce rays of the midsummer sun. The loss in killed and wounded was 2,100 and 1,900 soldiers were taken prisoners, and nothing was gained to the Federal forces. — The 2Dd Cavalry Divison of Davis' Brigade, Army of the Potomac, encountered the rebels at Lee's Mills, Va., and in the engagement lost two killed and 11 wounded. — Early's cavalry de- stroyed the defenceless city of Chambersburg, Pa., and fled Southward. — McCook's cavalry en- gaged in a skirmish at Newman, Ga. — The cav- alry under Stoneman withdrew a short distance from Macon without action. — At Lebanon, Ky., one company of the 12th Ohio Cavalry en- gaged in an unimportant brush with the rebels. July 31. — At llillsboro, Ga., Stoneman's cav- alry engaged with the rebels. Aug. 1. — Skirmish at Rolla, Mo., in which the 5th Missouri Cavalry (State troops) were en- 112 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL gaged. — At Cumberland, Md., a detachment of the force under General B. F. Kelley have an encounter with the rebels. Aug. 2. — A skirmish took place at Green Springs, W. Va., in which the 153 Ohio Infantry were engaged and sustained a loss of one killed, five wounded and 90 missing, the confederate loss being five killed and 22 wounded. — An en- gagement took place at Osceola, Ark., in which the 2nd and 3rd Missouri (State troops) and 1st and 6th Missouri Cavalry were engaged. Aug. 3. — Slight skirmish at Elk Shute. Mo., in which a detachment of troops under Colonel J. L. Burris were engaged. Aug. 4. — Action at New Creek, Va.; unim- portant. Aug. 5. — At Donaldsonville, La., the 11th New York Cavalry were assaulted by the rebels and lost 60 prisoners. — Fort Gaines attacked. Two days previous General Gordon Granger joined Admiral Farragut with 1,500 naen, who were landed at Dauplnn Island and marched under cover of the fleet and, on the 4th, in- trenched within halfa mile of Fort Gaines. On the 5th, the fleet of 15 vessels steamed up to Fort Morgan, Farragut being lashed to the rigging of the Hartford. Forts Morgan and Gaines simultaneously opened fire on the fleet and the Tecumseli was sunk in the channel by a torpedo, with 120 men, only 10 of whom were rescued. After an hours' engagement in which the flagship took the lead, the fleet passed the forts and entered the bay. The confederate fleet disputed their progress and a lively naval action ensued. The Union vessel, Metacomet, captured the rebel gunboat, Selma, and the rebel ram, Tennessee, surrendered after two hours fighting with 20 ofticers and 170 men ; Admiral Buchanan was seriously wounded and 10 of her crew were killed or wounded; the rebel gunboat, Morgan, escaped and the Gaines fled for protection under the guns of Fort Morgan. The Federal loss was 52 killed and 170 wounded. Fort Powell was evacuated on the same day and was blown up by the rebels to prevent its occupation by the Union forces. The action continued until the surrender of Fort Gaines on the 8th and of Fort Morgan, August 23rd. — Sherman's army made a crossing on the North Fork of Utoy Creek ; the movement of the three armies of the Tennessee, Cumberland and Ohio, occupied two days. — A movement of troops took place on the Jerusalem Plank Road, Va. — In Missouri, the State Militia engaged with assaulting parties of rebels, the skirmishing continuing at intervals for three days. — The 2nd Cavalry Division of the Army of the Cumber- land changed position east of Decatui', Ala. — At Cabin Point, Va., the colored troops defended the position from rebel assault. Aug. 6. — At Plaquemine, La., a skirmisli occurred, in which the 4th Wisconsin Cavalry and the 11th Heavy Artillery engaged. Aug. 7. — At Mooreville, Yn. a considerable fight took place in which the lltli Pennsyl- vania, 8th Ohio, 1st and ord West "\^irginia and 1st New York Cavalry engaged, resulting in a Union victory with a loss of nine killed and 22 wounded, the rebels losing 100 killed and wounded and 400 missing. — On this date, the cavalry of the 16th Corps under Hatch and the infantry under Mower commenced a series of movements on the Tallahatchie River, includ- ing the actions at Abbeville, Oxford and on Hurricane Creek, extending to the 14tli of August. — At Tah-kah-o-kuty Mountain, Dak. Terr., a threatened movement of the Indians was repressed. Aug. 8. — In DakotaTerritory four regiments of infantry, including the 8th and 2nd Minne- sota and the 6th and 7tli Iowa, supported by two battalions of cavalry rout a consider- able force of Indians. — At Oldtown \'a., an unimportant action took place. HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 113 Aug. 9 — An explosion of ummunitiou oc- curred at City Point, Va., killing 70 Union soldiers and wounding 130. Aug. 10.— The cavalry raid under Torbert commenced on this date; at Sulphur Springs Bridge, Berryville Pike and White Post, Va., a cavalry division of Sheridan's command under Torbert, dispersed the rebels, consisting of stragglers from the command of Early ; the Union troops lost 34 killed, 90 wounded and 200 missing ; the movement occupied two days. — The United States steamer Empress was fired on by confederate batteries and sustained a loss of six killed and 12 wounded. — The 2nd and 6th Kansas Cavalry engaged in a raid. Aug. 12. — A detail from the 7th Iowa Cav- alry engaged in a skirmish with guerrilla squads on the Little Blue River in Dakota Territory. — At Montauk, in Missouri, a raid by rebel guerrillas took place. Aug. 13. — At Snicker's Gap, Va., the 144th and 149th Ohio engaged in a skirmish in which they lost four killed, 10 wounded and 200 prisoners ; the rebel loss was two killed and three wounded ; the Ohio regiments were engaged in guarding a supply train when attacked. — At Shawnee Mound, Mo., an un- important action took place. Aug. 14.— At Gravel Hill, Va., the 2nd Cav- alry Division of the Army of the Potomac, a detachment from Sheridan's command, encoun- tered the rebels with a loss of three killed and 18 wounded.— Battle of Strawberry Plains, Grant and Lee commanding their respective forces. August 13th a detachment of the Army of the Potomac under Hancock, Birney and Gregg crossed the James to Deep Bottom and pressed on towards Richmond, reaching the rebel line of intrenchments in the afternoon of the 14th, where an attack was made by two of Hancock's divisions which was repulsed. Until the 18th, a series of rapid but indecisive en- gagements were kept up while Hancock endeav- ored to find a weak point. These were of no particular advantage to the immediate purpose, but they prevented reinforcements being sent to Early and weakened the rebel strength at Petersburg and thereby conduced to a sub- sequent movement against tlie Weldon rail- road. The aggregate Union loss was 400 killed, 1,755 vvounded and 1,400 missing ; the rebels lost 1,000 in killed and wounded. — At Dalton, Ga., an active skirmish occurred which covered two days. — Tlie action at Hurricane Creek under Hatch and Mower, cavahy com- manders of the 16th Army Corps, occurred. Aug. 15. — In an action at Fisher's Hill, Va., the 6th and 8th Corps and the 1st Cavalry Di- vision of the Army of the Potomac, in an en- gagement with detachments of Earl}'"s com- mand lost 30 from their fighting force in wounded. — At West Point Miss., an unimport- ant action took place. Aug. 16.— At Crooked Run, Front Royal, ^'a., the cavahy force of General Merritt at- tacked the rebels under Lomax and Wickham, and inflicted a loss of 30 killed, 150 wounded, and 300 prisoners captured ; their own loss be- ing 13 killed and 58 wounded. — At Smoky Hill Crossing, Kas., a cavalry action took place. Aug. 17. — At Winchester, Va., the New Jer- sey brigade belonging to the 6th Corps, with Wilson's cavalry, engaged in a fight while on a reconnoissance, in which they sustained a loss of 50 killed and 250 missing. — In a skirmish at Gainesville, Fla., the 75th Ohio Mounted In- fantry received a heavy assault in which they lost 16 killed, 30 wounded and 102 missing. — At Cleveland, Tenn., the 6th Ohio Heavy Artil- lery were engaged in an unimportant action. Aug. 18. — On this date General Warren struck the Weldon railroad four miles below Petersburg ; leaving Griffin's division to hold the position, he moved with the divisions of 114 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL Ayres and Crawford a mile up the road and encountered the rebels in line of battle. His situation was critical, as his movements had left him, in a sense isolated, and the command of Ayres was assaulted by the rebels, who ap- proached by an unknown road on his left and drove the troops back for a time, when Ayres rallied his command and repulsed the attack- ing force. Warren intrenched his position on the railroad and, on the 19th, Lee attacked Warren with a large force. By some mishap a space between Warren and Burnside had been left open into which a rebel division under Mahone entered, striking Warren's left and gaining his rear. The rebels pushed on to Warren's left which was tlirown into confusion and 2,000 Union prisoners were captured. At an opportune moment Warren, wlu^ held his center firm, was reinforced by 2,000 men from the 9th Army Corps and he succeeded in forc- ing the rebels back into their lines. Every- thing was quiet on the 20th and Warren strengthened his position. On the morning of the 21st, Lee opened the action with a terrific fire from 30 massed guns, under cover of whicli a lieavy infantry forct- moved on Warren's front and, at the same time, an assault was made on his left. The attack on the center was repulsed and the result of the attempt to turn Warren's left flank was especially dis- astrous to the rebels who broke in confusion and in their flight left 500 prisoners behind. In the three days struggle tlie Union loss was 212 killed, 1,155 wounded and 1,166 missing, in addition to the 2,000 prisoners taken on the 19th. The confederate loss was 4,000 in killed wounded and missing. Generals Saunders and Lamar were killed and the Weldon railroad was destroyed for 12 miles soutli of the posi- tion held by Warren.— Kilpatrick's raid on the Macon railroad was begun on this date. Kil- patrick commenced operations in front of Atlanta and destroyed the road to West Point and advanced to Jonesboro, where he met the rebel cavalry under Ross and, after repulsing them, destroyed a portion of the road and, on the same day, he was attacked by a body of in- fantry and cavalry which stopped his opera- tions there and he went on to Lovejoy's Station and there defeated the rebels, capturing four guns and returned thence to Atlanta with a large number of prisoners. The Union loss in killed and wounded was 400. During this raid the localities where actions occurred are speci- fied as Fairburn, .lonesboro and Lovejoy's. Aug. 19. — At Snicker's Gap Pike, Va., Mos- by's guerrillas captured a detachment of tiie 5th Michigan Cavalry, killing 30 and wound- ing three in tlie fight and afterwards putting the prisoners to death. — Company B, 83rd Illi- nois Mounted Infantry, in a skirmish with guerrillas at Pine Bluff, Tenn., lost eight killed. — At iVIartinsburg, Va., a company of the com- mand of Averill had an engagement with a portion of the command of Early. — About this date a company of the 115th Ohio Infantry received a rebel charge at Block House No. 4 on the Nashville & Cliattanooga railroad in Tennessee. — At Red Oak, Ga., the cavalry of Kilpatrick engaged the rebels during the raid on the Macon railroad. Aug. 20. — In the same movement the action at Lovejoy's Station occurred on this date. — At Stewart's Landing on the Tennessee River an action occurred. Aug. 21. — Battle at Summit Point, Berry- ville and Flowing Springs, Va. Early, having been reinforced, determined to attack Sheridan, who was proceeding through Smitlifield tow- ards Charleston, and, on the 20tli, disposed his troops for a combined attack. On the 21st Sheridan's pickets on the Opequan were driven in and Early at once pressed against the 6th Corps and a sharp engagement ensued, the HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 115 Union loss being 37 killed, 175 wounded ; the confederate loss aggregating 300 killed and wounded and 200 prisoners. — Forrest's cavalry dasli into Memphis. The city was guarded by Wisconsin and Illinois troops, principally com- posed of 100-day recruits. The invasion was made in the night wlien tlie men were asleep. As soon as possible the regiments were under arms. Forrest penetrated to the lieadquarters of General Washburn but was forced to retire. — In a skirmish at Oxford Hill, Miss., which continued at intervals through the 22nd the confederates lost 15 killed. — At Duval's Bluff, Ark., the 11th Missouri Cavalry had a slight skirmish. Aug. 22. — At Canton, Ky., and Rodgersville, Tenn., skirmishes occurred. Aug. 23. — Skirmish at Abbeyville, Miss., with a Union loss of 20 wounded and 15 rebels killed. — Surrender of Fort Morgan with the garrison under Colonel Page. Aug. 24. — Fight at Bermuda Hundred, in which the 10th Corps, Army of the James, en- gaged, with a loss of 31 wounded, the rebel lo.ss being 61 in killed, wounded and missing. — In a skirmish at Fort Smith, Ark., the Union loss was one killed and 13 wounded. — The 9th Iowa and 8tli and 11th Missouri Cavalry fought the rel)el cavalry at Jones' Hay Station and at Ashley Station, sustaining a loss of live killed and 41 v,'ounded, the aggregate confederate loss being 60 killed and wounded. — Action at Clinton, Miss. — At Halltown, Va., a portion of the 8th Corps of the Army of the Shenandoah took position after the fight at Summit Point. Aug. 25. — Battle at Ream's Station. The Federal troops under Hancock occupied in- trenchments at this point which were too weak to sustain an attack wliich was made upon them by a strong force under Hill, preceded by a rebel movement which had pushed the cavalry some distance to the left. Hancock's lorce repelled two assaults, when the rebels as- sumed another position and made an impetu- ous charge of the most disastrous character, seemingly, but the broken lines rallied and a series of encounters were maintained until night when Hancock withdrew and the rebel forces, having no idea of the real situation, also retired. The lo.ss to Hancock's force was 127 killeu, 546 wounded and 1,769 missing; the confederate loss was 1,500 killed and wounded. — On tlie 25th, actions at Smithfield and Shep- herdstown, Va., in which the 1st and 3rd Cav- alry Divisions, Army of the Potomac engaged General Early, with his infantry and cavalry, excepting the command of Fitz Hugh Lee which had been sent to Williamsport, and also his artillery force, attacked Sheridan and were compelled to retreat after rough handling; the Lhiion loss was 20 killed and 61 wounded and that of the rebels was 400 in the aggregate. — At Conee Creek, Clinton, La., a cavalry action took place. — At Leestown, Va., and Sacramento Mountain, New Mexico, actions occurred. Aug. 26.— At Bull Bayou, Ark., the 3rd Wis- consni and 9th Kansas Cavalry, while on a scout, were engaged in a skirmisli. — At Hall- town, Va., Sheridan, with the 1st and 2nd Di- visions of the 8th Corps of the Army of West Virginia, took position in the best place for de- fense in the Shenandoah valley ; the move- ment occupied two days. Aug. 27. — At Owensboro, Ky., a slight skir- mish occurred in which a colored regiment was engaged. — On the 27th, the Federal and rebel troops met at Holly Springs, and in the several encounters on that day and the next, one Union soldier was killed and two wounded. Aug. 28. — At Fort Cottonwood, Nev., the 7th Iowa Cavalry had a fight with Indians. — In Howard county, Mo., Company E, 4th Missouri Cavalry State troops liad a skirmish. Aug. 29. — A part of tlie 6tli Corps, witli Tor- 116 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL bert's Cavali-y, Sheridan's command, had afiglit with a detachment of Early's command at Smithfield, Va., and snstained a loss of 10 killed and 90 wounded ; 200 rebels were killed and wounded. — A colored regiment sustained an attack at GHient, Ky.— At Wormly's Ga, Vap.,a detachment of troops from the 9th Ohio Infan- try commanded by Captain Blazer, skirmished with a detachment of Early's troops. — At Arthur's Swamp, Va., the '2nd Cavalry Division of the Army of the Potomac engaged in a series of skirmishes extending throughout two days. Aug. 31. — A slight skirmish took place at La Grange, Tenn. — At Block House No. 5 on the Nashville and Chattanooga railway in Tennes- see, a detachment of Ohio troops were attacked by the rebels and lost three men ; the}' repulsed the assault and the rebels retired with a loss of 25 wounded.— Beginning of tlie action at. lones- boro. A large proportion of the day was passed by General Logan, General Blair and General Ransom with their several corps in strengthen- ing and arranging their lines for battle, and the Army of the Tennessee was attacked by Hardy about the middle of the afternoon and Hardy retired, leaving more than 400 dead on the field ; he also lost a thousand men in wounded and 600 missing. The Union loss was 1,149 in killed and wounded. The battle continued the next day. Meanwhile, the Union forces of Sherman's command under Stanley, Schofield and Thomas, with a part of Davis' Corps, were engaged in the destruction of the railroad at several points. Sherman discovered the ad- vantage and ordered his three corps to move on Jonesboro. In the afternoon of Sejjtember 1st there was some skirmishing, and on the morn- ing of the 2nd, Hardee was in full I'etreat and { Sherman pursuing. Sept. 1. — Rousseau's pursuit of Wheeler. During the action related in which Sherman's tioops were engaged, Wheeler had been en- gaged in raiding Sherman's communications, but to small purpose. He had been held in check b}' the command of Colonel Laibold until the force of General Steedman had turned his course into East Tennessee and, on this date, Rousseau and Granger, uniting their com- mands with Steedman, started after him and,_ in the course of a week had driven him from Tennessee;' the respective losses of the Federal and rebel forces engaged were 40 killed and wounded and 300 killed, wounded and cap- tured. Sept. 2.— Soon after midnight following the battle of Jonesboro the booming sounds in the direction of Atlanta, which was 20 miles from the position of Sherman indicated that the rebels were taking decisive measures and in the course of the day the command of Slocum entered At- lanta to find that it had been evacuated. The fall of Atlanta was an irreparable loss to the South. It was the culmination of a long series of military movements and was the third of a series of Union triumphs, each of which formed a decided step forward in the Union cause and the general effect of the loss of Atlanta to the South and its gain to the Nortii was most whole- some. On the 7th of September, Sherman reached Atlanta with his entire army ; he liad lost 1,500 men during his pursuit of Hardee and had captured 3,000 prisoners and several batteries. The force of Slocum, on arrival at Atlanta, captured 200 rebels. — On this date, active skirmishing at Lovejoy's on the line of the Macon railroad commenced in which the 4th and 23rd Corps were engaged. The losses were not heavy and the skirmishing continued until the 6th of the month. On his withdrawal from Atlanta, Hood moved to Lovejoy Station and was followed by the corps mentioned. — Skirmish at Franklin, Tenn., between Rousseau and Wheeler's guerrillas. — At Big Shanty, Ga., HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 117 the 9th Ohio Cavalry, while changing position, were attacked on a railroad train. Sept. 3. — Early's retreat. On this date, Early started towards Berryville in his attempt to recross the Bhie Ridge and was pursued by the cavalry of the Army of the Potomac under Merritt and Wilson who engaged in a fight with Anderson. General Early hastened on the 4th to the assistance of Anderson, leav- ing Gordon at Winchester ; on the 4th a heavy action took place in which Torbert, who was returning from the left was engaged; the rebels wei-e compelled to withdraw and the entire command of Early crossed the Opequan. In these two fights the Union loss was 30 killed, 182 wounded and 100 mi.ssing ; the rebel loss included 25 killed, 100 wounded and 70 miss- ing. —At Murfreesboro, Tenn., a regiment of colored troops defended a position. — At Triune, Tenn., a detachment from Rousseau's force en- gaged in a sliglit skirmish — Activities at Perry- ville, Tenn. — At Darkesville, Va., the 3rd Cav- alry Division of the Army of the Potomac en- gaged in a skirmish with Early's stragglers. Sept. 4. — Capture of .John Morgan at Green- ville Tenn. Tlie 18th and 9th Tennessee Cav- alry and lOth Michigan Cavalry were en- camped about 18 miles from Greenville and, on the night of September 3rd, were ordered to move to Greenville. Two miles from that place a force was deployed between the pickets and the town and were captured without a shot. Several thousand rebels were camping in the streets and were charged bj' a company from the 13th Tennessee and, on being aroused from sleep by 44 men, ran in every direction in general confusion. The Union men took a battery and afterwards one of the men, J. G. Birchfield, was informed that General Morgan was in the city. The soldier informed his cap- tain who, with his squad of 20 men, sur- rounded the building. Soon after, a man in his shirt sleeves ran across the yard and was immediately fired on and fell Tliis was Mor- gan. (This is a certified account of the capture and death of the guerrilla chief, Morgan). Sept. 5. — At Campbellsville, Tenn., Rous- seau's cavalry, in pursuit of Wheeler, engage in a skirmish. Sept. 6. — At Searcey, Ark., a detachment of the 9th Iowa Cavalry had an engage- ment with a loss of two killed and six wounded. — At Mattamoras, Va., a movement took place. Sept. 7. — At Readyville, Tenn., a slight af- fair in the course of Rousseau's pursuit of Wheeler took place, in which a detachmei;.t of the 9th Pennsylvania Cavalry participated. — At Dutch Gap, Va., and near Pine Bluff, Ark., actions took place. Sept. 10. — Fort Sedgwick, on the Jerusalem Plank Road, known in history as " Fort Hell," and one of the intrenchments in the triple line that surrounded Petersburg, was captured by the Union forces with a loss of 20 wounded and they captured 90 prisoners; the n9th Pennsylvania, 2nd U. S. Sharpshooters and 20th Indiana Infantry were engaged. — A gun- boat action at Bonsecour Bay, La. Sept. 13.— At Locks Ford, Va., Torbert's cavalry charged the rebels and captured 181 prisoners, sustaining a loss of two killed and 18 wounded ; this was a cavalry action. Sept. 16. — At Sycamore Church, Va., the cavalry divisions of Gregg and Kautz en- gaged the rebel cavalry under Wade Hampton and lost 400 in killed, wounded and missing ; the aggregate rebel loss was 50 killed and wounded ; the 1st District of Columbia and 1st Pennsylvania Cavalry were engaged in the ac- tion. — On this date a fight was begun at Fort Gibson in the Indian Territory, in which a col- ored infantry regiment and the 2nd Kansas Cavalry were involved, the Unioia loss being 38 US CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL killed and wounded and 48 missing ; the skir- mishing continued throughout tlie 16th, 17th and 18th. Sei't. 17. — A cavalry action at Faii'fax Sta- tion, in which the 13th and 16th New York Cavalry were engaged. — At Belcher's Mills, the cavalry force of Kautz and Gregg engaged in an action in which the}' lost 25 wounded. Sept. 18. — At Martinsburg, Va., the 2nd Division of Cavah-y in the Array of West Virginia, engaged in a cavalry action with the troops of Early, who had been sent to that place in force. — At Fort Cotton Wood, the 7th Iowa Cavalry engaged in a skirmish with tlie Indians. Sept. 19. — Battle of the Opequan, also known as Winchester and Fisher Hill, Ya. On this date the encounter of the forces of Sheridan and Early which had been imminent came to a focus. The respective armies were so posted that action could be precipitated by either, but the respective commanders were not disposed to attack the other in a position of his own choosing. A difference of opinion between Grant and Sheridan existed, the former de- siring to hold the latter in check, as defeat would leave Maryland and Pennsylvania open to invasion, but he yielded his judg- ment on examination of Sheridan's plans. The latter proposed to throw his forces on the rear of the rebel army but, on learning that Early sent a destroying force to Martins- burg, he changed his plans and made an attack on Early's troops left at Winchester. The fighting commenced on the morning of the 19th, Early having returned with his di- visions and the contest raged with great fury through the day, both sides being repeatedly driven from and regaining their position. The battle hung for some time in even scales. Sheridan finally made a furious charge which broke the rebel ranks and sent them flymg in confusion. The shattered lines entered Winches- ter at nightfall closely pursued. They continued their flight and halted at the intrenchments at Fisher's Hill. The loss to Sheridan's troops was 653 killed, 3,719 wounded and 618 mis- sing; 3,600 confederate prisoners were captured; in the hospitals at Winchester 2,000 wounded rebels were found, besides tliose which were withdrawn with the army and the dead from Early's command considerably exceeded the Union loss — At Cabin Creek, I. T., three regi- ments of Kansas Cavalry and two companies of Kansas Indian Home guards were attacked while escorting a train. Sept. 21.— At Front Royal Pike, ^'a., and Luray in the vally of the Shenandoah, the 3d Division, Cavalry Corps of the Army of the Potomac, the cavalry under General Wilson, charged the rebels on the Pike and drove them six miles up the valley. Sept. 22.— Battle of Fisher's Hill. On the morning of this date the Federal columns con- fronted Early who was flanked and attacked in the rear by General Crook. The united action was an entire surprise and the greatest con- sternation ensued, the rebels breaking find fleeing. The rout was complete and the vic- tory was achieved with little cost, the Union loss being 297 in killed and wounded ; the rebel loss was not much greater but they lost 1,100 prisoners. Sept. 23. — In an action at Athens, Ala., three regiments of colored cavalry and a Tenn- essee cavalry- regiment engaged in a heavy skirmish and were reinforced by the 18th Mich- igan and 102nd Ohio Infantry. General For- rest frightened the garrison into surrender and 950 soldiers were taken prisoners; the confed- erate loss was five killed and 25 wounded. — In a skirmish at Rockport, Mo., in which sev- eral companies of State Militia were engaged in skirmish, the Union loss was 10 killed, — Ac- HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 119 tions of similar character took place at Black- water, and Bloomfield, Mo. Sept. 24. — The 1st Division, Cavalry Corps of Sheridan's force under Wilson and Merritt moved to Luray, skirmishing with Mosby's guerrellas and inflicting considerable loss. — At Fayette, Mo., the Missouri State trooj>s engaged in a skirmish and lost three killed and five wounded, the rebel loss numbering six killed and 30 wounded. — At Fredericktown, Mo., the State militia had a skirmish with guerrillas. — An unimportant affair took place at Surry C. H., Va.,^A cavalry scrimmage took place at Bull's Gap, Tenn. — Price's invasion of Missouri. The rebel raider entered Southwestern Missouri and his movements necessitated immediate opera- tions for the protection of St. Louis, which was the base of supplies for a huge army. On this date he was advancing Northward and throwing out his divisions in various directions, and the Missouri State cavalry with the cav- alry of A. J. Smith's command, the Kansas State troops and the cavalry of the Army of the Frontier under Blunt, were immedi- ately set in motion to check his progress. Sept. 25.— At Sulphur Branch Trestle, Ala., a colored regiment of infantry and the 9th Indiana Cavalry had a skirmish. — At .Johnson- ville, Tenn., and at Henderson, Ky., unimport- ant actions occurred. Sept. 26.— At Vache Grass, Ark., the 14th Kansas Cavalry sustained an attack from the rebels while guarding a train. — At Brown's Gap, Va., two cavalry divisions of the Army of the Potomac skirmished with the forces of Early retreating after the battle of Fisher's Hill. — At Richland, Tenn., a troop of colored infantry sustained a rebel attack. — At Pulaski, Term., Rousseau endeavored to have a fight with Forrest who declined the engagement and, on the following day, the Union general pushed on after him, Sept. 27.— The 2nd Division of Cavalry, Army of West Virginia, moved to Weyer's Cave, Va., in pursuit of Early. — At Rolla, Mo., Ewing made an effort to take a position to check the movements of Price.— At Cenlralia, Mo., the guerrillas under Price attacked a rail- road train on the Northern Missouri railroad and slaughtered three companies of the 39th Missouri Infantry under Major Johnson, killing 122 men in cold blood, only two escaping death. — At Mariana, Fla., an action took jslace in which tlie 7th Vermont Infantry and 2nd Maine Cavalry, with a colored regiment, were engaged, sustaining a loss of 32 wounded ; the confederate loss being 81 missing. — At Carter's Station, Ark., a force of cavalry and mounted infantry under General Ammen engaged in a fight. — At Fort Rice, Dak., a detachment of the 6th Iowa Cavalry engaged in escorting a United States train were attacked by Indians. — Fight at Pilot Knob, Mo. The garrison at Ironton, consisting of 100 men under Ewing, made an obstinate and successful stand against three times their number under Price. At night, the rebels had gained position and the surrender of the post would have been a neces- sity, but Ewing blew up his magazine, spiked his heavy guns and moved toward Rolla. During the action of the 27th Price lost 1,500 in killed, wounded and missing, the Union loss being but 28 killed, 56 wounded and 100 miss- ing. Sept. 28.— Buttle of New Market Heights also called Chapin's Farm and Laurel Hill. Capture of Forts Harrison and Gilmore. Gen- erals Ord and Birney, with two corps of the Army of the James crosseil the river and made a fierce assault on the line of intrench- ments near Chapin's Bluff. Fort Harrison was captured and the rebels made a desperate at- tempt to retake it, as it was the main defense in that part of the confederate lines and occu- 120 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL pied a commanding position. The attempt was unsuccessful and Butler thereby held a secure position from which to threaten Rich- mond and Lee was obliged to maintain a larger force on the James than before. An at- tempt to take Fort Gilmore proved abortive and the action of that day closed with a loss to the assaulting division of 594 killed and wounded. Meanwhile skirmishing was carried on, on the New Market Road and the actions between the armies continued throughout the 29th. On the 30th another desperate attempt was made by the rebels to retake Fort Harri- son. The losses to the Union side were 394 killed, 1,554 wounded and 324 missing; the rebel loss was about 2,000. — At Clarksville, Ark., the 3rd Wisconsin Cavalry engaged in a skir- mish. — Sheridan's troops engaged in a skirmish at Waynesboro, Va., with a squad from Early's command. — Attack on Fort Sedgwick and de- fense by the ord Division of the 9th Army Corps. Sept. 29.— A skirmish occurred at Center- ville, Tenn., in which the Union loss was 10 killed and 25 wounded; a Tennessee cavalry _ regiment was engaged. — In a fight at Leesburg and Harrison, Mo., in which Price's command was engaged, two Union regiments and one battery was engaged. This action continued two days. Sept. 30. — Battle of Poplar Springs Church or Preble's Farm. General Warren, with four divisions, captured rebel fortifications on the farm which he held while General Parke ad- vanced to meet a furious rebel charge. A thou- sand Union prisoners were captured. Reinfore- ments checked the rebels and the fortifications were held by the Federal comnvind ; Parke's loss in killed and wounded aggregated 485, while the rebel loss was 900 in killed, wounded and missing. This action extended through Oc- tober 1st. (The confederate loss has never been fully ascertained. The attack was made by Hampton's cavalry). — At Arthur's Swamp, Va., a cavalry action under Gregg took place, result- ing in a loss of (JO wounded and 100 missing. — At Huntersville, Va., an action took place in which a detachment of Sheridan's cavalry was involved. Oct. 1. — Athens, and Huntsville, Ala. The 78rd Indiana Infantry and detachments of the 12th and 13th Indiana Cavalry engaged in activ- ities with General Buford in Northern Ala- bama. — At Franklin, Mo., the Missouri State troops engaged in a skirmish with Price's guerrillas.— Spear's cavalry brigade and Ter- ry's brigade made a reconnoissance on the Charles City Cross Roads ; these troops belonged to the Army of the James. — At Yellow Tavern on the Weldon railroad, the 3rd Division of the 2nd Corps of the Army of the Potomac com- menced u movement in which they were en- gaged five days. — At Sweet Water, Moses and Powder Spring Creeks, Ga., the cavalry of the Army of the Cumberland commenced a move- ment which covered three days. Oct. 2. — A portion of cavalry detached from the commands of Custer and Merritt's cavalry. Army of the Potomac had a fight at Waynes- boro, Va., and suffered a loss of 50 killed and wounded. — At Saltville, Va., a heavy action occurred, in which 13 cavalry regiments and mounted infantry were engaged, in which the Union loss was 54 killed, 190 wounded and 104 missing ; the rebel loss was IS killed, 71 wounded and 21 missing. —At GladesviJIe, Pound Gap, Va., two Kentucky cavalry regi- ments engaged in a scrimmage. Oct. 5. — Near Memphis, Tenn., a company of the 7th Indiana Cavalry engaged in a skirm- ish. — Battle at Allatoona, Ga. At this point a million of rations were stored preparatorj^ to the operations of Sherman in the campaign which he proposed to open in the Spring. Hood HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 121 attacked the position which was held by a gar- rison of 890 men under Colonel Tourtellotte. General Sherman, in anticipation of an attack, had arranged a system of signals and he ordered, through that method, the reinforcement of the post by General Corse and, on the night of the 4th, Rowett's Brigade, with 165,000 rounds of ammunition, reached Allatoona in season. The garrison was increased to 1,900 men. Rowett repelled the first charge from the west- ern spur of the ridge and continued to repulse repeated assaults. Turtellotte delivered a fire from his position on the east which broke the rebel ranks and the assaulting force retired, after losing 231 killed, 500 wounded and 411 missing; the Union loss was 142 killed, 352 wounded and 212 missing. — In a skirmish at Jackson, La., the 23rd Wisconsin Infantry, 1st Texas and 1st Louisiana Cavalry and the' 2nd and 4th Massachusetts Battery engaged in an action in which they lost four killed and 10 wounded. — At Fort Adams, La., the 2nd Wis- consin Cavalry with a regiment of colored cav- alry engaged in a skirmish while performing heavy scouting duty. — At Big Shanty and Ken- nesaw, the troops of Sherman moved into posi- tion. Oct. 6. — The 60th Illinois Infantry, with two regiments of Kansas Cavalry, engaged in a figlit at Florence, Ala. — At Prince's Place on the Osage River in Missouri, the State troops contested the progress of Price's guerrillas. — An action occurred at Woodville, Miss., and another at Clinton, La. Oct. 7. — At Darkeytown, Ya., a skirmish occurred and at Bahia, S. A., the rebel privateer Florida was captured by the steamer Wachusett, Captain Collins, and taken to Hampton Roads and sunk. Oct. 8. — The rear guard of Sheridan's foi-ce under Custer was subjected to the attacks of the stragglers from Early's force in the vicinity of New Market and was ordered by the chief to prepare to attack the rebel cavalry and whip them or get whipped. — Raid of McCook's cav- alry at Ilopkinsville, Ky. Oct. 9.— Battle of Tom's Brook. Torbert completed his preparation to move in pursuit of the rebel cavalry and, two hours after day- light had obeyed the command of Sheridan to the letter, giving the rebels entire satisfaction ; he routed and chased them 20 miles, captured 11 guns and 330 prisoners and inflicted a loss of 100 in killed and wounded, his several divisions losing altogether nine killed and 67 wounded. This was one of the most important victories in tliat campaign. Oct. 10. — Price's invasion of Missouri. On the 7th Price reached .lefferson City but did not dare to attack and moved to California and Booneville ; his progress was contested by Mis- souri regiments of cavalry under Sanborn who made an attack on the rear guard of Price at Yersailles, while Price was still moving west- ward. — At South Tunnel, Tenn., the rebels attacked a regiment of colored intantry. — At East Point, Miss., two infantry regiments sus- tain a loss of 16 killed and 20 wounded in a rebel attack. Oct. 11. — At Stony Creek Station, Va., the 13th Pennsylvania Cavalry had a slight skir- mish. — At Narrows, Ga., the division of Gar- rard skirmished with the rebels. — At Fort Donelson, Tenn., an active skirmish took place, in whicli a battery of heavy artillery was en- gaged, tlie respective losses to the Federal and rebel troops being 13 and 26 in killed and wounded. — Slight actions at Harpeth Shoals, Tenn., and Fort Nelson, occurred on this date. Oct. 12. — At Greenville, Tenn., an action occurred. — A garrison stationed at Resaca, Ga., under Colonel Weaver was attacked by Hood's force and summoned to surrender, but the com- mandant sent hiui a spirited answer and was 122 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL soon after reinforced and Hood moved a portion of liis command to Tilton and Dalton and captured a garrison at the latter place. At Tilton, the garrison was bravely defended and only surrendered when the defenses were torn to pieces. At Mill Creek Gap a similar trans- action occurred. (These two latter actions took place on the 13th but belonged to the same movement.) At Tilton, 400 prisoners were captured and at Mill Creek Gap, where the 115th Illinois Infantry were on duty, five were killed, 36 wounded and the remainder captured. Oct. 13.— At Strasburg, Va., the cavalry forces under Emory and Crook made a I'econ- noissance in force and sustained a loss of 214 in killed, wounded and missing. — At Darbytown Road, Va., on the 7th of October, an action commenced on this highway, in which a cav- alry force under Kautz was attacked by two in- fantry brigades and a brigade of cavalry and lost 72 in killed and wounded and 202 missing. Kautz moved to the protection of the 10th Corps and was followed by the rebels who made an attack on the infantry command ; the movements continued until the 13th, when General Butler made a reconnoissance in force but without material results save that of find- ing the position of the rebels to be invincible. In the movements after the 7th, the loss was 105 killed and 502 wounded.— At Piedmont, Va., a rebel cavalry squad awaited the arrival of a portion of Sheridan's command under General Wright. — At Poolesville, Md., a slight action occurred. Oct. 15. — Price's invasion of Missouri. In a fight of seven hours at Glasgow, Mo., Price cap- tured the place and a number of prisoners be- longing to Missouri regiments and a detach- ment of the 17th Illinois Cavalry ; the Union loss was 400 in killed, wounded and missing and the rebel loss was 50 in killed and wounded. — At Bayou Biddell, La., an action took place in which a colored regiment was engaged. — At Snake Creek Gap, Ga., a part of the Array of the Tennessee followed the rebels to this point, which was blockaded by the confederates but the obstructions were removed by Howard's troops while Stanley crossed tlie bridge north of the Gap. — At Sedalia, Mo., two regiments of Missouri cavalry contested the advance of Price's invaders. — At Mossy Creek, Tenn., a slight action occurred. Oct. 16. — The army of the Tennessee drove the rebels from Ship's Gap, Taylor's Ridge, Ga., and captured a few prisoners. Oct. 17. — At Cedar Run Church, \'a., a de- tachment of the first Connecticut Cavalry, in- cluding three officers and 20 men, were attacked by Rosser and the whole confederate army under Early moved out to protect Rosser who had been led to believe by his scouts that Cus- ter's brigade occupied the position. Oct. is. — At Peirce's Point, Blackwater, Fla., the 19th Iowa and 2nd Maine Infantr}', with the 1st Florida Cavahy, had an engagement with the rebels. Oct. 19.— Sheridan's Ride. The batttle of Cedar Creek opened while Sheridan was at Washington under special orders ; his com- mand was in position on Cedar Creek. Early had determined upon a surprise and at 1 o'clock on this date moved forward, the command stripped of everything which could make a clatter. In accordance with the plans for the combined action of the infantry and. cavalry, the attack was made on Torbert's division, the advance of the confederate cavalry being aided by the thick fog and before the Union troops were fairly awake an infantry division under Kershaw which had crept over a hill, covered every part of the lortiKcations. Kershaw's troops took seven loaded guns and turned them on the Union force which had turned to retreat in confusion. Emory, Crook and Wright, with HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 123 their divisions of cavalry, advanced to the pike and made every effort to arrest the movement of the Union troops but did so in vain, and the confusion and terror of the flying infantry spread dismay through the cavaU-y and the en- tire force broke and tlie command of Early moved to the camping ground of Sheridan. Sheridan was returning and reached Winches- ter about seven o'clock in the morning where he heard the guns from the conflict. He rode hurriedly forward to Mill Greek where he met the troops and trains from the broken lines. (On this incident the immortal poem of Read is founded ; at this writing it is uppermost in the minds of the American people, the cavalry chief having been within a few days laid to rest at Arlington, Augu.st 21, 1888). Sheridan rallied the fugitives under orders and a promise to go back "and lick them out of their boots." The invincible spirit of the great cavalry commander inspired the infantry of his command and the reorganized force turned to obey and to witness the fulfillment of his promise. The whole Un- ion line responded to Sheridan's order to ad- vance after the retreat of Early began, and the confederates broke in confusion and became a confusetl mass of iugitives, losing many prison- ers. At Cedar Creek, the infantry were checked but the cavalry continued the pursuit and, when a bridge broke down, the way was at once blocked witli the impedimenta of artillery and trains which were collected by the troops under Custer and Deven ; 24 rebel guns were taken and the Union batteries recaptured with all ambulances and 56 belonging to the rebel com- mand, the spoils including a number of battle flags. Early succeeded in retaining 1,420 pris- oners captured in the morning who were sent to the rear and immediately dispatched to Rich- mond. The Union loss was 569 killed, 3,425 wounded and 1,070 missing, inckiding the number stated as captured. Tlie rebel loss was much greater and Early's ai'my was no longer a power in the valley of the Shenandoah.— At Lexington, Mo., Price attacked Curtiss in com- of the 3rd Wisconsin Cavalry with the 5th, 11th, 15th and 16th Kansas Cavalry.— Confederate activities at Middletown, Va., and at Middle- ton, Md. — At Strasburg, Va., the cavalry under Crook made a reconnoissanoe. Oct. 20. — At Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, a detachment of troops belonging to the com- mand of General Blunt of the Army of the Frontier commenced a series of movements which occujjied six days and in which detach- ments of Indians and Texas Cavalry were dis- persed. — At Little River, Tenn., the cavalry and a part of the infantry of the 15th Corps of Logan moved to a position prejjaratory to a re- organized campaign. Oct. 21. — Price's invasion of Missouri : Battles of Little Blue and Independence, Ma. General Curtiss was pursued from Lexington to Inde- pendence and fell upon General Blunt's Kansas division in force and drove the Federal troops to the Big Blue River; Pleasanton drove Price's rear guard to Independence on the 22nd and made a charge at nightfall which was success- ful. He sent a force under McNeal to Santa Fe to head off Price's guerrillas and, on the morning of the 23rd a general engagement was fought on the Big Blue by Pleasanton and Marmaduke and Fagan, the latter being rein- forced by Shelby and the rebels were driven. — At Ilarrodsburg, Ky., a regiment of colored cavaliy sustained an assault. Oct. 22. — At White River, Ark., a regiment of colored troops were attacked. The rebel gunljoats attacked the Union batteries on the James River in \'irginia and the assault was repulsed with a loss of 11 rebels. — 40 rebels raided St. Albans, Vt., murdering several citi- zens and taking $200,000 from the banks. Oct. 23. — In a skirmish at Hurricane Creek, 124 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL Miss., the Union loss was one killed and two wounded; the 1st Iowa and 9th Kansas Cavalry were engaged. — At Westport, Mo., a skirmish took place hetween Pleasanton's cavalrj' and a force under Marnaaduke. — At Princeton, Ark., a Missouri cavalry regiment was engaged in a skirmish. Oct. 24. — AtColdwater Grove, on the Osage River, the Kansas Cavalry of Blunt's com- mand skirmished witli the troops of Price. Oct. 25. — At Mine Creek on the Osage River, in the pursuit of Price, the rear guard of the rebels under Marmaduke were routed and the rebel commanders, Marmaduke and Cabell, were captured. — At Fort Scott a scout- ing expedition had an engagement with a party of rebels attacking a train. Oct. 26. — Battle of Decatur, Ala. After Hood's evacuation of Atlanta his movements were of a character calculated to perplex Sher- man and the Army of the Cumberland under Thomas was detached to look after his move- ments. The rebels moved to tlie Tennessee River and made an attempt to cross at Decatur, Ala.; in the afternoon Hood attacked the garri- son which was commanded by Colonel Doolit- tle, whose forces included his own regiment, the ISth Michigan, 102nd Ohio, and 68th Indi- ana Infantry, and a regiment of colored troops. Colonel Doolittle repulsed the charge and, when reinforcements arrived, a sortie was made from the garrison under the protection of the guns of the fort and the rebels were dis- lodged with considerable loss. The casualities in the Union force were 10 killed, 45 wounded and 100 missing, and the confederate loss ag- gregated 400 killed and wounded. — At Milton, Fla., the 19th Iowa Infantry and the 2ud Maine Cavalry engaged in a skirmish. — Ac- tions at Stone Mountain, Ga., and Wintield, La. Oct. 27.— Battle of Hatcher's Run. The fight commenced by a charge on the confeder- ate force by the 9th Corps under General Parks, the entire Army of the Potomac being on the alert for the action. The confederates were overborne and were driven from the field, leaving behind them nearly a thousand pris- oners. The Union loss was 156 killed and 1,047 wounded, while that of the rebels in- cluded an aggregate of 800. — Battle of Fair Oaks. In support of the movement at Hatch- er's Run, General Butler had been instructed to make a demonstration on the north side of the James. The rebel skirmishers were pushed back and the fortifications were repeatedly as- saulted until nightfall to no purpose. General Weitzel moved across through White Oak Swamp to the Williamsburg Road near Seven Pines, within seven miles of Richmond, where the rebels were found in force and strongly in- trenched. The Union charge was repulsed with a bloody loss. On the 28th General Grant ordered a flank movement to the rebel right, to be followed by a movement north to obtain possession of the South Side railroad. The object of this attack on the intrench men ts was to hold the attention of the rebels to in- sure the purpose of the flank movement re- ferred to. In this battle, which is known as Fair Oaks, 120 Union soldiers were killed, 783 wounded and 400 were missing ; the confeder- ate loss was 60 killed, 311 wounded and 80 missing. The entire maneuvre was a failure. Oct. 28. — An action took place at Fort Hei- man, Tenn., on the river in which the Union gunboats participated. Forrest attacked the Undine, captured and burned her. — At Fay- etteville. Ark., the 1st Arkansas Cavalry sus- tained a raid from rebel cavalry. — Destruction ol the ram Albemarle. Lieutenant Gushing, who had perfected a plan for the destruction of the ram, moved to carry it out on the night of October 27th, taking with him a picked HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 125 crew of 13 men, and he planted a torpedo un- der fire from the enem}''s infantry on tlie shore. When the torpedo exploded, his own boat was in the immediate vicinity and Gushing and one companion were the only persons who escaped; all others of the party being shot or captured; he received a bullet in his wrist. The explo- sion sunk the Albemarle and secured the re- capture of the Plymouth, which was surren- dered to the naval squadron the next day ; among the results was the acquisition of the command of the North Carolina sounds and the release of a fleet of 16 vessels which had been watching the Albemarle. — At Morristown, Tenn., Gillem's cavalry was attacked by a force under the confederate Colonel Vaughn, which resulted in a loss of eight killed and 42 wounded to the Union force, the confederate loss being 240 missing. — At Newtonia, Mo., the cavalry of Colonel Blunt in pursuit of Price, skirmished through two days and inflicted a loss of 250. Oct. 29.— At Beverly, West Virginia, the 8th Ohio Cavalry engaged in an action in which they inflicted a loss of 17 killed and 27 wounded and 92 missing, and themselves sus- tained a loss of eight killed, 25 wounded and 13 missing. Oct. 30. — At Brownsville, Ark., the 7th Iowa and 11th Missouri Cavalry engaged in action with slight loss. — At Muscle Shoals, Ala., a cavalry division of the Army of the Cumber- land, (command of Thomas), engaged in a skirmish with a detachment of Hood's com- mand. — At Ladija, Terrapin Creek, Ala., a cavalry force under Garrard engaged in an action. Oct. 31. — At Plymouth, N. C, the steamers Commodore Hill, Shamrock, Otsego, Wyalus- ing, and Tacony, withdrew from surveillance of that part of the North Carolina coast. Nov. 1. — The 10th Missouri Cavalry en- gaged in a skirmish at Union Station, Tenn., sustaining slight loss; the series of actions in- cluded four days. — At Black River, La., a bat- ter}' of lieavy . artillery (colored troops) en- gaged in an action. No\'. 3. — At Vera Cruz, Ark., one company of the 46th Missouri Infantry engaged in an action. Nov. 5. — In a fight at Fort Sedgwick, in which the 2nd Corps engaged, the LTnion loss was 15 in killed and wounded and the con- federate loss was 50. — On the 4th, a detach- ment of Hood's army attacked .Johnsonville, Tenn., which was an important base of sup- plies ; the place was defended by the 11th Tennessee Cavalry, the 43rd Wisconsin Infan- try and a regiment of colored troops ; theUnion loss was slight and the rebels were repulsed the attack lasting two days. — At Big Pigeon River, Tenn., a raid was made by a North Car- lina regiment of mounted infantry. Nov. 9. — Atlanta, Ga. The 2nd Division of the 20th Corps of the Army of the Cumber- land engaged in a skirmish at this point and inflicted a loss on the confederates of 20 killed and wounded ; a detachment moved to Ma- rietta. — At Shoal Creek, Ala., the 5th Division of Cavalry, Army of the Cumberland, engaged in a fight with Hood's troops. Nov. 10. — The same force are engaged at Pine Barren Ridge. Nov. 12. — At Newton and Cedar Springs, Va., Merritt's, Custer's and Powell's cavalry had a brush with the enemy in which they lost 84 wounded and 100 missing; the rebel loss being 150 ; in this action Rosser, with his command was driven across Cedar Creek and on the 13th, Early with his command had moved away to Middleton. — At Front Royal, Va., Powell routed and drove a rebel brigade under McCausland. — Activities at Ninevah, Va. Nov. 13. — At Morristown, E. Tenn., General 126 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL Gillem was attacked by a force of 300 under Breckenridge and his command dispersed ; tliis disaster was the result of the separation of Gillem from Thomas' command. — At Pan- tlier Springs, Tenn., an action took place. — At Bull's Gap, Tenn., the 8tli, Utli, and 13th Ten- nessee Cavalry engaged in a skirmish in which tlie rebel and Union loss was respectively 36 wounded and five killed. Nov. 14. — The 15th Corps under Howard commenced a movement to the crossing of the Ockmulgee and pursued the movement three days engaging in Ijuilding pontoon bridges. This was tiie real start of Sherman's march to the sea. — At Cow Creek, Ark., a series of skir- mishes commenced on this date in which col- ored troops and Union Indians engaged, cov- ering a period of 14 days. Nov. 15. — At Clinton, La., Liberty Creek, the expedition under General Lee commenced op- erations. Nov. 16. — At Lovejoy Station and Bear Sta- tion, Tenn., Kilpatrick, with a cavahy force, drove the rebel skirmishers and on arrival at the station dismounted his men and carried the works on foot and captured 50 prisoners. — At Cotton Hills, West Virginia, a slight action occurred. Nov. 17.— Tiie 209th Pennsylvania Infantry engaged in a skirmisli at Bermuda Hundred with a loss of 10 wounded and 120 missing, and a confederate loss of 10 wounded. — At Ab- erdeen and Battle Creek, Ala., tlie 2nd Iowa Cavalry had a skirmish. — Tiie 15th Corps un- der Howard marched through McDonough, Ga. — Movements in the vicinity of Covington, Ga. Nov. 18. — At Myerstown, Va., a detachment of the 91st Ohio Infantry lost 60 killed and wounded in a skirmish and the rebels lost 10 killed and wounded. — At Rutledge and Social Circle, Ga., activities of the Union cavalry and infantry connected with the commands of Thomas and Kilpatrick. Nov. 19. — At Bayou La Fouche, La., the 11th Wisconsin Infantry with a regiment of colored troops, wiiile on an expedition, engaged in a skirmish. — At Walnut Creek, N. C, a slight skirmish took place. Nov. 20 — At Macon, Ga., three regiments of cavalry under Kilpatrick made a feint on Ma- con, destroying a train of cars and tearing up the railroad track ; this movement was made to divert the attention of the rebels from How- ard. — The 14th Corps of Sherman's command moved to Milledgeville, Ga. — At Greensboro, Ga., a rebel movement occurred. — At Brook- vilie, Ga., activities occurred. Nov. 21. — At Liberty and Jackson, La., the 4th Wisconsin Cavalry and the 1st Wisconsin Battery engaged in an expedition with marked success. Nov. 22. — The rebel militia under Cobb moved from Macon, to Griswoldsville, and at- tacked Walcott's infantry brigade and a por- tion of Kilpatrick's cavalry and encountered severe punishment, losing 2,000 troops ; the Union loss was 62 killed and wounded ; Wood's division of infantry (Union) were engaged. — At Rood's Hill, Va., Torbert's cavalry engaged in a skirmish with a loss of 18 killed and 52 wounded. — Hatch's cavalry, belonging to the command of Thomas, raided Lawrenceburg, Campbellville and Lynnville in East Tennes- see, and lost 75 in killed and wounded, the rebels losing 50 in killed and wounded. — At Rolling Fork, Miss., a colored cavalry regiment engaged with the rebels. — At C^linton, Ga., the 15th Corps of Sherman's command under How- ard advanced toward Gordon. Nov. 24. — Sherman commenced to move from Milledgeville, Ga. — Schofield continued his movement on a parallel line with Hood in the vicinity of Columbia and Duck River and HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 127 meanwhile, the skirmish between Capron's brigade and Foi'rest's cavalry was in operation at Columbia; the Union line of battle was formed near Bigby Creek and the movements refei'red to continued in East Tennessee until the 28th ; at times, skirmishing took place and the garrison at Johnsonville received orders to go to Clarksville with the supplies wliich were stationed there ; all ell'orts to bring Forrest to action were futile. — On this date the 1st Ala- bama Cavalry led the advance of the Army of the Tennessee across the ( )conee River at Ball's Ferry. — Activities at Jackson, Miss. Nov. 25. — At Pawnee Forks, Kansas, a com- pany of the 1st Colorado Cavalry had a skir- mish with the Indians, while escorting a train. — At St. Vrain's Old Fort, a cavalry company defended the movements of a train. — Attempt to fire the city of New York. Nov. 26. — At Sandersville, Ga., the con- federates opposed the passage of Howard's corps across the Oconee and inflicted a loss which included 100 missing, the casualities in the confederate command being the same. — At Sylvan Grove, Waynsboro and Brown's Cross Roads the command of Kilpatrick con- tinued the movements inaugurated and oper- ated on a plan to deceive the rebels as to Sher- man's movements. On the night of tlie 26th Kilpatrick's command was attacked at Sylvan Grove and made a stout resistance. It had been a part of his plan to relieve the prisoners at Milan but they had been removed. He lost in the movement 46 wounded, the confederate loss being 600 killed and wounded. — At Decatur, Ala., Granger commenced the withdrawal of his garrison and also from Athens and Hunts- ville and his movement continued until the 29th. — At, Madison Station, Ga., a regiment of colored troops engaged in a skirmish. Nov. 27. — At Big Black River Bridge, on the Mississippi Central railroad, a cavalry and artillery command under Colonel Osband en- gaged in a skirmish. Nov. 29.— At Spring Hill, Tenn., the 4th Corps and cavalry take position preparatory to the battle of Franklin. — Cavalry skirmish at Big Sandy, Col. Nov. 30.— Battle of Franklin. The artillery attached to Wagner's brigades opened the battle of Franklin which was followed by infantry tire from the same command. This action was dis- astrous and precipitated the action of the rest of the army. Two colonels. White and Opdycke, on seemg the rout of Wagner's forces, made headlong charges which had excellent effect and after tliat the charges of the rebels were repeatedly repulsed. The fighting began late in the afternoon and continued until late in the night. The Union loss was 189 killed, 1,033 wounded and 1,104 missing. The rebels were ordered forward with the recklessness which characterized his entire movement after sup- planting Johnston and his loss in killed and wounded was much greater, 1,750 being killed, 3,800 wounded and 702 missing. The greater part of the missing was from Wagner's brigade. The confederate loss of officers was great ; that of the Union force was hardly large enough to mention, only two officers being wounded. — At Grahamsville or Honey Hill, S. C, General Hatch moved for action, anticipating that the operation would be useful to the plans of Sher- man. He landed at Boyd's Neck and attempted to fulfill his purpose but the rebels defeated his object by strategy and he unexpectedly met their forces and was forced back to his intrench- ments at Boyd's Neck. The Union loss was 65 killed and 645 wounded ; the confederates re- ported their loss as less than 50.— At Bermuda Hundred, Va., the pickets belonging to a col- ored regiment repeatedly sustained the assaults of rebels. Dec. 1. — Skirmishing and fighting in front 128 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL of Nashville commenced on this date and con- tinued until the 14th, prior to the general en- gagement. The army of Schofield, that of A. J. Smith, tlie troops of Steedman, Granger, Milroy and others were ordered to Nashville or Mur- freesboro and, during the time mentioned, affairs advanced to a condition which left the Federal forces in advantageous position for the battle of Nashville. — Gregg's cavalry attacked Stony Creek Station on the Weldon railroad and captured 175 prisoners; the cavalry suffer a loss of 40 wounded. — At Yazoo City, Miss., a skirmish took place in which a detachment of the 2nd Wisconsin Cavalry was engaged under Lieutenant Colonel Dale, who fought a large body of rebels with 250 men, 25 of the Wiscon- sin soldiers were missing, five were killed and nine wounded. — Skirmish at Tangipaho, La. Dec. 2. — At Rocky Creek Ciuirch, Ga., the 3rd Kentucky and 5th Ohio Cavalry moved in the advance of Sherman. — At Buckhead Creek the position was held by the two regiments previously mentioned while Kilpatrick's com- mand cros.sed and the bridge was afterwards burned. Kilpatrick attacked Wheeler on this date and drove him and Kilpatrick succeeded in delivering to Wheeler a satisfactory " return blow."— Block House No. 2 at Mill Creek, Chat- tanooga. The Union garrison was attacked by rebels and sustained a loss of 12 killed, 46 wounded and 57 missing ; the action continued two days. Dec. 3. — At Thomas Station on the Savan- nah Road, the 22nd Illinois Mounted Infantry sustained a loss of three in a skirmish. — Sher- man reached Milan and cut railroad communi- cations between Savannah and Augusta. — Kil- patrick drove Wheeler across Briar Creek. — Movements of the rebels and Federal troops at Charlestown and in the vicinity of Waynesboro, Va. Dec. 4. — At Block House No. 7, the garrison under General Milroy was attacked by rebels, the loss to both sides being about 100 in killed and wounded. — The 25th Ohio Infantry, while endeavoring to hold a position on the Coosaw River, S. G, engaged in a skirmish. — At States- boro, Ga., a loraging party detailed from the 15th Corps become involved in a skirmish. — Overall's Creek; movement of Sheridan's troops. Dec. 5. — Forrest attacked MurfreesVwro which was defended by Milroy's troops and was de- feated and compelled to retire with heavy loss, his infantry alone losing 213 ; 207 prisoners were captured while the Union loss was 30 killed and 175 wounded. The actions covered three days. Dec. 6.— At White Post, Va., in a rebel assault on 50 of the 21st New York Cavalry, 30 are wounded. — At Deveaux's Neck, S. C, a tight occurred in which ten regiments of infan- try, a battery and several United States gun- boats were involved, in which the Union loss was 39 killed, 390 wounded and 200 missing ; the confederate loss being 400 killed and wounded ; the fight continued tliree days. Dec. 7. — At Ebenezer Creek, Cj'press Swamp and at Eden Station on the Ogeeche River, the troops connected with Sherman's army, ad- vanced in their march to the sea ; in the former the 9th Michigan and 9th Ohio Cavalry tormed the rear guard of the left wing, and took up pontoon bridges to prevent refugees following, and in the latter the troops referred to were the 15th and 17th Corps of the right wing of the command. — At Sister's Ferry, Ga., (Savannah River) the rebels prepai-ed to oppose the pro- gress of Sherman's array. — Milroy fought For- rest and Bates, driving them and capturing 200 prisoners ; the Union loss was 200 killed and wounded. — Warren started to destroy the Weldon railroad at a point which should sever railroad communication between Wilmington and Savannah. The movement occupied six GEJvft cT0HJN'. A.. a0CiA.]Nf. BOKN rcBRuAHV 9'." 1626. O'tD DCCEMBCH 26-" lS»6 HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 129 days and 20 miles of road was destroyed, when tlie rebels were encountered in force and the ex- pedition returned, having marched a hundred miles in six days; the 2nd division of the Cav- alry Corps of the Army of the Potomac and the 5th Corps and 3rd Division of tiie 2nd Corps of the Army of the Potomac were engaged. Dec. 6. — At Hatcher's Run, three cavalry regiments and a division of the 3i'd Corps en- gaged in a series of actions which occupied two days and the Union loss was 125 killed and wounded. The raid of Custer and Merritt to Gordonville commenced ; the movement occu- pied 20 days and 43 men belonging to their respective commands were wounded. Dec. 8. — Action at Nottaway, Va. Dec. 9. — An expedition went into Western North Carolina in pursuit of rebels in which the 3rd North Carolina Infantry was occupied five days. — At Fort Lyons in Indian Terr., an en- gagement occured in which a colored cavalry regiment was engaged and 500 Indians were massacred. — -The 14th Corps of tlie left wing of the Army of the Military Division of the Mis- sissippi engaged in an action at Cuyler's Planta- tion, Montieth Swamp, Ga. — In an expedition to Hamilton, N. C, the 27th Massachusetts and 9th New .lersey Infantry, 3rd Cavalry and 3rd New York Battery engaged in a skirmish ; this action was connected with the expedition pre- viously mentioned and included a skirmish at Foster's Bridge and Butler's Bridge in Jackson county, N. C. — During the expedition of Warren on the Weldon railroad cavalry skirmishes occurred at Bellefield and Hicksford, Ya. — Movements in the vicinity of B'lorence, Ala. Dec. 10. — At Bloomingdale, N. C, a rebel movement took place. Dec. 12. — At Elkton, Ky., a movement was made by the cavalry commanded by General E. M. McCook. Dec. 13. — Fort McAlister. The investment of Savannah River to the Ogeeche was com- pleted on the Pith and on this date an at- tack was made on Fort McAlister. The attack- ing column was formed of a portion of How- ard's troops under General Hazen and, within 15 minutes after the first charge, the stars and stripes supplanted the confederate flag ; the Union lo.ss was 24 killed and 110 wounded, the rebel loss being 84 killed and wounded. The Great Ogeeche River was placed under control of Sherman and the sea was practically reached, the rear of the riglit of Sherman's command obtaining a base on the sea. Dec. 14. — At Bristol, Tenn., a detachment of cavalry under General Burbridge (Stoneman's raid) engaged in the destruction of the Virginia and Tennessee railroads. — At Memphis, Tenn., the 4th Iowa Cavalry was attacked by rebels and lost three killed and six wounded. — At Mount Airy, Ky., an action occurred. Dec. 15. — The battle of Nashville, com- menced in the early morning and the attack of Steedman on Hood's right was made with great vigor. At nightfall the victory was clearly with the Union army and appearances seemed to indicate that Hood would retreat. The action continued through the 16th and, before the close of the afternoon, the entire rebel army was in precipitate flight ; at night- fall the victory was complete and orders were issued for immediate pursuit. Hood's army was routed completely, his wagons being aban- doned and his soldiers flinging aside every- thing that could possibly impede their move- ments, while the confused mass of fugitives fled in wild disorder through Brentwood Pass. The 4tli Corps was close in pursuit and followed until darkness concealed the retreating rebels. The dead and wounded of the confederate army were left on the field and in the morning the pursuit was continued. Four miles north of Franklin the rear of the flying column was , 130 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL overtaken by Wilson and the force was dis- persed and more than 400 prisoners captured. A cavalry force had arrived there and Hood was obliged to abandon Franklin, leaving 2,000 of his wounded in the hospital. The disorgan- ized remnant of his command crossed the Ten- nessee December 27th, falling back to Tupelo, Miss., where Hood resigned his command and was never again a power in the rebel army. The Union loss was 400 killed and 1,740 wounded ; the rebel loss was very heavy in killed, wounded and missing, 8,000 prisoners had been taken, 53 siege guns and thousands of small arms had been seized by tlie forces of Thomas and a rebel force about 40,000 strong, had been killed, captured or routed in confu- sion and dismay. Dec. 15. — At Murfreesboro, Tenn., Jackson's division, belonging to Rousseau's command, cap- tured a railway train going thither from Stev- enson, Ala. — Movements at Pascagoula, Miss. Dec. 16. — At Hopkinsville, K)'., two brig- ades from McCook's division of cavaliy en- gaged in a movement. — At Overton's Mills, Tenn., a portion of the battle of Nashville took place, alreaily referred to as Brentford. — Rebel activity at Pollard, Ky. Dec. 17. — At Mitchell's Creek, Fla., a col- ored regiment had a fight and another colored regiment engaged in an action at Pine Barren Creek, Ala., their united loss in killed, wounded and missing being about 75. — At Millwood, Ya., the 14th Pennsylvania Cavalry, while on a scouting expedition, engaged in a skirmish. — Thomas followed the tlying rebels through the Brentwood Hills to the Franklin Pike ; Wilson overtook the rear guard at Hollow Tree Gap witli the 5th and 7th Cavalry Divisions ; the former force was the 6tli Cavalry division of the same army. — At Ashbysburg, Ky., Mc- Cook's cavalry skirmished with the rebels. Dec. 18. — Action at Franklin Creek, Miss. Dec. 19. — At Rutherford Creek, Teim., a pontoon bridge was laid, the operation giving the rebels a con.siderable advantage. — Move- ment at Duck River. — At Hardeesviile, S. C, General Foster protected his position. Dec. 20. — At Lacey's Springs, Custer's cav- alr} engaged in a skirmish and lost two killed, 22 wounded and 40 missing. — At Madison C. H., Va., a brigade of Michigan cavalry belonging to the Army of the Potomac engaged in a skirmish. Dec. 21. — Stoneman's raid. On the 9th of December Stoneraan started to clear tlie rebels out of East Tennessee. He moved from Bean's Station, Tenn., to Saltville and went also to Abingdon, Wytheville, Glade Spring and Marion, Ga. One of his commands met the rebels at Kingsport as stated above ; at Bristol another force was encountered by the brigade of Burbridge and the rebels retreated. Bur- bridge moved to Abingdon which was also reached by Gillem on the 15th, and on the 16th they overtook the rebels at Marion, routed the force and captured the artillery, trains and 198 prisoners. Wytheville, its stores and supplies, lead works and railroad bridge were destroyed, and Stoneman moved on to the capture and destruction of Saltville and the salt works ; he captured two locomotives, siege guns and ammunition and returned to Knoxville with his own and Gillem's command and Burbridge fell back into Kentucky. Dec. 22.— At Liberty Mills or McLean's Ford, Va., an unimportant action took place. Dec. 23. — At Lyiniville, Tenn., the cavalry of Thomas continued the pursuit of Hood's army. — At Jack's Shop near Gordonville, Va., a cavalry division of the Army of, the Potomac and one fi-om the Army of \'irginia engaged in a movement. — At Buford's Station, Tenn., the pursuit of the rebels by tlie cav^alry of Thomas' army continued. HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 131 Dec. 24.— At Elizabetlitown, Ky., the 1st Wisconsin Cavalry overtook the rebels flying from, the pursuing columns of Thomas and Colonel La Grraige with 20 j)icked men charged 400 reljels and captured 1 1 prisoners. — At Moc- casin Gap, Va., the 8th Tennessee Cavalry con- nected with Stoneraan's raid engaged in a dash. — At Murfreeshoro, Tenn., the rebels attacked a garrison of colored troops. Dec. 25.— Assault on Fort Fisher, N. C. The city of Wilmington was under the protection of the fort which was located at the moutli of the Cape Fear River ; this was one of the principal forts of the confederates and was assaulted by the North Atlantic squadron commanded bj' Admiral Porter and the 10th Corps of the Army of the -James under Butler. The bom- bardment commenced on the 24th and was continued to some purpose on the morning of the 25th, which was Sunday and Christmas. Tlie Union loss was eight killed and 38 wounded, wliile the confederates lost three killed, 55 wounded and 280 prisoners. — At Verona, Miss., the 7th Indiana Cavalry engaged with tlie fleeing rebels arriving from Hood's army. Dec. 27. — At Decatur, Ala., General Steed- man was established over a provisional depart- ment. Dec. 28.^At Egypt Station, Miss., a heavy action took place in which the 2nd Wisconsin Cavalry, the 4th and lith Illinois Cavalry, the 7th Indiana, the 4tli and 10th Missouri, the 2nd New -Jersey, 1st Mississippi and 3rd U. S. Colored Cavalry were engaged and in which the Union loss was 111 killed and wounded and the confederates lost 500 prisoners. Dec. 29.— At Pond Spring, Ala., the 15th Pennsylvania Cavalry, with detachments of Tennessee Cavalry and from three Indiana cavalry regiments, engaged in a skirmish. Dec. 31. — In the skirmishing and fighting in front of Petersburg, Va., the Federal force lost 40 killed and 329 wounded during the month. 18<)5. -Tan. 1. — General Butler relieved of the command of the Army of the James. .J.\N. 2. — In a skirmi-sh at Frankhn, Miss.,iu which the 4th and 11th Illinois and a colored cavalry regiment engaged, the Union force lost four killed and nine wounded and the confed- erate loss in killed aud wounded was 50. — At Nauvoo, Ala., the same force of cavalry men- tioned December 29th, captured and destroyed Hood's supply and pontoon train. Jan. 3. — The same troops engaged in a skir- mish with Hood's command at Thorn Hill, Ala. Jan. 5. — At Smithfield, Ky., a cavalry regi- ment attacked by the rebels. Jan. 6. — y\.t Owensboro, Ky., an action took place in which a colored cavalry regiment was engaged. — Activities at Hawesville and Hend- erson, Ky. Jan. 7. — At. Julesburg, I. T., a company of the 7th Iowa Cavalry engaged in a flght with the Indians. Jan. 8. — At Skipwith's Landing, Miss., on the Mississippi River, an action took place. — At Scottsboro, Ala., 54 men belonging to a col- ored regiment engaged in a skirmish. — At Ivy Ford, Ala., a colored regiment sustained an as- sault. Jan. 11.— At Beverly, West Va., the 34th and 8tli Ohio Cavalry stationed there as a gar- rison were surprised by Rosser and 583 pris- oners captured, the killed and wounded being 25. Jan. 13.- Capture of Fort Fisher, N. C. The bombardment was commenced on the 13th, continuing all night and through the 14th ; on the 15th the assault was made successfully and the fort captured. The Union lo.ss was 132 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL 184 killed and 749 wounded; the rebels lost 400 killed and wounded and 2,083 captured. Jan. 14. — Pocotaligo, N. C. In the move- ment of Sherman's troops from this place a skirmish occurred in which the 17th Corps, Array of the Tennessee, were engaged and sus- tained a loss of 25 wounded. The movement continued until the 16th. — At Reed Hill, Ala., the loth Pennsylvania Cavalry continued to harass Hood's disorganized soldiery.' — At Dar- danelle, Ark., the 2nd Kansas and Iowa Cav- alry regiment engaged in a .skirmish. Jan. 15. — At Federal Hill, Va., rebel activi- ties. Jan. 16. — Explosion at Fort Fisher. This dis- aster was caused by the carelessness of tlie sol- diers who approached the magazine with burn- ing candles ; 25 soldiers were killed and 66 wounded.— On tliis date Fort Caswell, together with all the works on Smith's Island in the vicinity of Smith ville, and Reeve's Point were abandoned in consequence of the fall of Fort Fisher and their armaments captured. Jan. IS.^In the vicinity of Columbus, Ky., the Tennessee Cavalry engaged in a skirmish. Jan. 19. — At Half Moon Battery, Sugar Loaf Hill, N. C, a detachment from the Army of the .James were engaged in the destruction of the railroad. Jan. 21. — Activities at City Point, Va. Jan. 24. — At Fort Brady, Va., a detachment from tl:e Army of the Jameson gunboats broke the chain which had obstructed Dutch Gap Canal. Jan. 25.— On this date two corps of the Army of tlie Teniijessee made a demonstration against Combahee Ferry and the'railroad bridge across the Salkahatchie, the river having been con- stituted the rebel line of defense covering Char- leston on the south. The rebels were held at this point until after Howard's army was on the move and, on the 1st of February, the main body of the army moved westward up the Sal- kahatchie. Howard crossed the river in the face of the enemy at River's and Beaufort's Bridges. The rebel situation on the 3rd of the month was carried by Mower's and Smith's division. The confederate killed and wounded, numbering 88, were sent back to Pocotaligo. The 15tli Corps crossed at Beaufort's Bridge almost without resistance and the rebels fell back to Branchville, S. C; the colums of Sher- man occupied the South Carolina railroad con- necting Charleston with Augusta and the entire Union loss through this movement, which occu- pied from January 25tli to February 9th, was 138 killed and wounded. — At Simpsonville, Ky., an engagement occurred between the rebels and a regiment of colored cavalry. Jan. 29.— An expedition started into western North Carolina, which was principally composed of the 3rd North Carolina Infantry ; this move- ment occupied about two weeks. Jan. 30. — Movement of Union troops at Sisters Ferry, Ga. Fkb. 2.— At Midway, Barnwell Co., S. C, and at Whippy Swamp, Beaufort Co., S. C, activities connected with the movements of the Union troops in South Carolina took place. Feb. 4. — At Little River, Tenn., a slight action occurred. Feb. 5. — Dabnej''s Mills or Hatcher's Run, Va. The railroads being cut, the rebels brought supplies to Petersburg on wagon trains; to in- tercept these trains and to put an end to these operations, General Gregg with his cavalry was ordered to march with Warren's corps for the purpose of turning the rebel lines at Hatch- er's Run and he went by way of Ream's Station to Dinwiddle, C. H. and moved up and down the Boydton plank roads on which the trains were reported to be. General Warren crossed the Run and General Humphries, in his advance to assist the movement, was furiously HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 133 assaulted. At 5 o'clock in the afternoon the rebel artillery opened on Humphries" infantry in a desperate manner only to be repulsed. Gregg found that the Boydton road was of but little use ; Warren sent a force up the stream through swamps which drove before them force of rebels to Dabney's Mills. A division under Ayres, which was advancing to support Crawford, was driven upon i im by a rebel force which had moved unexpectedly to the left of the Union force and both commands fell back to the Run, hotly pursued by the rebels, who were met by a fire from Humphries' intrench- ments and they fell back within their lines. The Union loss was 232 killed, 1,062 wounded and 186 missing. Generals Morrow, Smythe, Davis, Gregg, Ayers, Sickles and Gwynn were wounded. The confederate loss was 1,200 killed and wounded, General Pegram being among the slain. — At Moorfield, Rosser captured a rebel train of 95 wagons with valuable stores. — At Orange C. H., Va., activities occurred. — On Rowanti Creek, Va., the troops referred to in the first mention under this date, occupied positions. Feb. 7. — Sherman's advance Northward. The left wing of the army, with Kilpatrick's cavalry, crossed the Savannah River on this date under orders to move to Coosawatchie on the Charleston Road and to Robertsville, on the road to Columbia. Two divisions of the 20th Corps under Jackson and Geary had crossed tlie river at Purisburg, had reached Hardeeville, S. C, and established communi- cation with Howard at Pocotaligo. The gen- eral features of the march through the Carolinas were a repetition of that through Georgia. The operations of the rebels, defensive and offensive, were of the same character and Sherman rightly estimated that strongly fortified and important positions would be held by the rebels to the bitter end, and that the route be- tween Augusta, Ga., and Charlestown would be clear, with the exception of the operations of Wheeler's cavalry and the local organizations of armed rebels. Kilpatrick moved to Black- ville, Williston and Aiken along the South Carolina railroad, losing slightly, taking 100 prisoners and killing and wounding 240 rebels and entirely destroying the road between Edisto and Blackville, and Slocum reached the latter place on the 10th. The destruction of the road was continued to Windsor and, on the Utb, the entire army was concentrated midway between Augusta and Charleston, the position being of eminent advantage, as the rebel forces covering these two points would be thus divided. The right wing of the army reached Orangeburg on the 12th, carried the intrench ments, drove the garrison across the Edisto and the force was flanked immediately. General Blair pushed on to the railroad and commenced its destruc- tion and Slocum advanced westward, covered by Kilpatrick. Feb. 16th, Sherman's army was in sight of Columbia from the south bank of the Congaree ; Slocum crossed the Saluda at Zion Church and pushed on to Winnsboro, destroying tlie railroad communication near Allston, while Howard moved on Columbia from the north. On the 17th the corps was crossing a pontoon bridge laid on Broad River and, during its passage, the mayor of Columbia rode out and surrendered the city to General Stone, who took possession with his brigade. General Hampton, commanding the rear guard, ordered the burning of the cotton stored in the city and it was stacked in the streets with all the bands removed ; the fierce gale blew tufts of burning cotton hither and thither and the city was soon an uncontrollable mass of flame. Every effort was made to arrest the fire, but it was not checked until the morning of the 18th. Slocum reached Winnsboro on the 21st and on the 23rd the 20th Corps crossed 134 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL the Catawba River. The same night, Kil- patrick made a feint on Charlotte, whither Beauregard had retreated witli the rebel cav- alry. On the 26th the 20th Corps reached Hanging Rock. Slocum pushed on to Cheraw, N. C, which was 70 miles southwest of Char- lotte. Feb. 22nd, Kilpatrick reported 18 of his men murdered and left in the highway with threatening labels attached to their persons and the cavalry commander was ordered to retaliate man for man. The riglit wing pushed on to Peay's Ferry and a detachment was sent to destroy communications on the Wateree and between Florence and Charleston, which was prevented by rebel cavalry. March 3rd, Sher- man's army had reached Cheraw, N. C. The losses on both sides were small. Feb. 8. — At Shallotte Inlet, N. C, move- ments following the surrender of Fort Fisher took place. — Kilpatrick reached Branchville, S. C. — Destruction of the railroad to Williston, S. C, by Kilpatrick's command. Feb. 9. — Skirmish at Binnaker's Bridge, South Edisto River, S. C; 17th Corps, Army of the Tennessee. — On this date the 11th Ohio iind 7th Iowa cavalry engaged in a fight with Indians at Rush Creek, I. T. Fei'.. 10. -In a figiit at James Island, in which the forces of General Gilmore engaged, they lost about 80 men and effected the posession of the island. The rebel loss was about the same. Feb. 11. — In a fight at Sugar Loaf Battery, Federal Point, N. C, a detachment from the Army of the -lames being engaged, 14 Union soldiers were killed and 114 wounded. — Attack on Orangeburg, S. C, by Sherman's army.— At Honey Hill, Ga., the rebels fired on a detacment of Union soldiers. Feb. 15. — On this date Sherman's array ar- rived at Lexington, S. C. A part of Sheridan's command crossed Water Lick Creek, Va. Feb. 16. — The colored troops at Cedar Creek, Fla., were assaulted by the rebels. Feb. 17. — Evacuation of Charleston. This movement was commenced on the nigliL of this date and occupied two days. — Attack on Fort Anderson on the Cape Fear River, N. C, and capture of Wilmington. On this date Admiral Porter attacked Fort Anderson on the Cape Fear River. The river had been previously dragged for torpedoes and the flotilla, compris- ing five vessels, the Montauk, Pawtuxet, Lena- pee, Unadilla and Pequot had been variously disposed on the stream. On the 18th, a large force of gunboats took posession and bombarded the fort which was silenced at three p. m., the Union firing being maintained until evening. During the night of the ISth, the fort was aban- doned, the fiying rebels removing six field pieces. Ten heavy guns were captured and in the engagement throughout, the Union loss was three killed and four wounded. On the 20th and 21st, the search for torpedoes beyond the fort was continued and the gunboats passed on to attack the batteries nearer Wilmington, which was evacuated on the 22iid. On the 20th, two guns and 375 rebel prisoners were captured. The rebels fired their stores and General Cox entered the town. The entire Federal loss was about 200 in killed and wounded. The rebel loss was much greater. Fort Strong on Big Island was bombarded and the rebels driven from the fort. Feb. 18. — Forts Moultrie and Sumter in Charleston Harbor abandoned. — At Fort Jones, Ky., a battery of colored artillery engaged in an action. Feb. 20. — An action took place at Fort Myers, Fla. — At Town Creek, N. C, a part of the Army of the Ohio drove the rebels flying from Fort Anderson to this place. Cox occu- pied the place on this date and captured the armament. HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 135 Feb. 21. — Activities at Cumberland, Va. FiiB. 22. — 111 a skirraisli at Douglas Land- ing, Pine Bluff, Ark., the Union loss was 40 wounded and the rebels lost 26 wounded ; the 13th Illinois Cavalry was engaged. Feb. 23. — Activities at Georgetown, S. C, and at Fort White. Feb. 24. — Movements of troops at Camden, Mo. Feb. 26. — At Mount Clio, S. C, a detach- ment of mounted infantry under the noted scout Captain Duncan, engaged in a thrilling adventure. — At Lynch Creek, S. C, the advance of the 15th Corps. Feb. 27. — Sheridan moved up the Shenan- doah Valley from Winchester to destroy the Central railroad and the canal to take Lynch- burg and afterwards to join Sherman or Grant as circumstances decreed. On the 2yth, he reached Staunton and despatched several brig- ades to drive Early from Waynesboro. The attack was made on the morning of March 2nd and nearly all of Early's force and supplies were captured, the prisoners numbering 1,667, the Union loss being 35 killed and wounded ; this was the end of Early's power in the Shen- andoah and Sheridan's troops commenced operations by destroying the railroad and canal. On the 3rd of March the troo]>s took possession of Charlotteville and the railroad to Gordons- ville and Lynchburg was destroyed. On the 6th of March active operations on tlie canal were commenced and the destruciion was made a success. March 10th, Sheridan reached Columbia and determined to join Grant and arrived at White House on the 19th. Feb. 28. — A colored regiment sustained an assault in tlie defenses at Chattanooga. March 1. — At Clinton, La , the 4th Wiscon- sin Cavalry entered on a foraging expedition. March 3. — Howard arrived at Cheraw. — At Chesterfield, S. C, movements of Sherman took place. March 6. — The 4th Wisconsin Cavalry en- gaged in a skirmish at Olive Branch, La., and lost three killed and two wounded. — Two regi- ments of colored troops engaged in a heavy skirmish at Natural Bridge, Va., and lost 22 killed and 46 wounded. — At Fredericksburg, Va., movements of the Army of ^' irginia. — At North Fork in tlie Shenadoah, a portion of Sheridan's cavalry, commanded by Colonel Thompson of the 1st New Hampshire Cavalry, engaged in lively action in the destruction of the canal. March 7. — Kilpatrick reached Rockingham, N. C. March 8. — At Wilcox Bridge or Wise's Fork, N. C, the divisions of Palmer, Carter and Ruger engaged in an action of heavy calibre. The fighting on this date was without results and information was received of a heavy rebel force in front ; on the 10th the rebels made an attack in force after keeping up the skirmish- ing on the previous day. The fight was a sharp one, about 16,000 rebels being included in the attacking corps. Bragg retreated with his force on the night of the 10th, the battle being without practical results excepting the demonstration to the rebels of the determined and invincible character of the columns of Sherman. The Union loss was 80 killed, 421 wounded and 600 missing; the confederates lost 1,500 killed. This action is known to his- tory as the battle of Kingston.— Kilpatrick's troops at Laurel Hill, N. C— At Jackson, N. C, activities occurred connected with the destruc- tion of the Weldon railroad. March 0. — On the night of this date. Wade Hampton dashed into Kilpatrick's camp and captured his headquarters and some of his guns. Kilpatrick rallied, retook the guns and reoccupied the camp. This was a complete 136 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL surprise because of the night, the soldiers being in sound sleep. Hampton took several hundred prisoners whom he afterwards released and the rebels lost more than a hundred killed and wounded, who were left on the held. This ac- tioujtook place near a village called Solemn Grove, Moore Co., N. C. — Hardee crossed the Cape Fear River at Fayetteville, N. C. — At Grant's Creek, N. C, activities connected with the reunion of the ditferent divisions of Sherman's army took place. March 11. Skirmish at Beaver Dam, N. C. — .Johnson arrived in person at Fayetteville. — At Clear Lake, Ark., a detachment from Com- pany A, 3rd Wisconsin Cavalry were led into an ambush in which two were killed and three wounded. Eleven missing were reported. — (Stoneman's raid.) March 15. — At the South Anna River in Vir- ginia the 5th LT. S. Colored Cavalry engaged in a skirmish. — Activities at Moore's Cross Roads, Va. — Movement at Brandenburg, Ky. March 16. — Battle of Averysboro, N. C. — Sherman's army was on tlie Cape Fear River ; he had hitherto maneuvered to divide the rebel forces but they had concentrated under the command of Johnston and, on this date, an at- tack was made on the left and center of Har- dee's intrenched lines and a brigade acting as rear guard was routed with more than a hun- dred dead left on tlie field and more than 200 captured. Repeated charges were made, and night only, closed the fighting, and Hardee re- treated. The Federal loss was 77 killed and about 500 wounded, the rebel loss being about the same and most of their wounded left to the care of the Union force. For two or three days Sherman's strategic movement continued and, on the 19th, troops began to concentrate for the fighting at Bentonville. The battle at Averys- boro was a hard one for the Union troops, the nature of the ground being swampy and diffi- cult to traverse and the victory which was gained, proved to the rebels the uselessness of en- deavoring to cope with an army wlio had been engaged for montiis in making their w.iy over many miles of similar territory. — Activities in the vicinity of Ivinslon, N. C, and at Taylor's Bayou, La.; Schofield leaves Kinston, to join Sherman. March 18. — A colored regiment engaged in an action at Boyd's Station, Ala. — Hardee reaches Smithsfield, N. C. March 19. — Battle of Bentonville. On this date the corps of Logan approached Benton- ville and soon after the cavalry and artillery fighting commenced. The left flank of John- ston's army declined to meet the corps of Lo- gan which was practically assuming tlie de- fenses. On the 20tli, three corps of Sherman's army were in an impregnable position in front of the command of Johnston, who retreated to Smithfield unimpeded, as tlie great invader at the head of the Union troops did not desire a general engagement at this point. The Union loss in this approach on Bentonville was 191 killed, 1,168 wounded and 287 missing. The confederate loss in killed, wounded and missing was over 3,000. — On this date a movement took place at Morris' Farm, N. C, on which a position was held in the Bentonville fight. March 20. — Stoneman's raid into southwes- tern Va., and North Carolina. This move- ment progressed from this date to April 23rd. — Three brigades under Gillem moved from Virginia to North Carolina. March 21. — Goldsboro occupied Ijy Scho- field. — At Cox's Bridge and Mount Olive, in that vicinity, activities occurred connected with the military movements of Sliernian's column. Gillem's advance reached Marion, Va. — Military movements at Plantersville, Ala., and at Padu- cah, Ky. — On this date Wilson moved south- ward from Chickasaw, Ala, Tliis movement HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 137 occupied from March 22nd to April 24th. The 12th Pennsylvania Cavalry engaged in a skir- mish at Hamilton, Va. March 23. — Action at Suniterville, S. C. March 22. — Activities at Ream's Station, Va., and Paducah, Ky. March 24. — Redr'ock, Arizona Ter.; a regi- ment of New Mexico cavalry engaged in a scrimmage. — On the same date at Cox's Bridge, N. C, the command of General Terry laid a pontoon bridge and Sherman entered Smith- field, N. C. March 25. — Attack on Fort Steadman. Gen- eral Lee's command commenced operations at Fort Steadman at the break of day and the storming part}', moving upon the redoubts, carried them and overwhelmed the garrison in the fort, capturing the guns and turning them upon the Federal troops. As soon as General Park learned of the affair, he ordered a move- ment to recapture and, before 8 o'clock in the morning, important advantages had been gained and soon after that hour Fort Steadman was again in the possession of the Federal army; nearly 2,000 prisoners were captured and the Union loss in killed, wounded and missing was about 1,000. In coimection with this action the forces of Humphries at City Point were placed under arms and reconnois- sances made in readiness to assault tlie rebel intrenchments and heavy artillery and mus- ketry fire was kept up. In this action the train was laid for the victorious operations on the 2nd day of April. — Activities at Hatcher's Run, Va., at Fort Fisher, N. C, at Fort Has- kell and Hare's Hill. — On the same date an action occurred at Pollard, Ala., between Gen- eral Steele and the rebel General Clayton, in which the latter was seriously wounded and 130 prisoners captured. — At Pine Barren Creek, Ala., the cavalry of Steele advanced previous to the action mentioned. March 26.— Siege of Mobile. This action commenced on this date and terminated April 9th. — Stoneman reached Boone, N. C. — Military movements at Mitchell's Creek, Fla. March 27. — Investment of Spanish Fort. — Kilpatrick made connection on this date with the forces of Grant, and the Army of the James, with a cavalry force, made a secret movement. March 29.— At Quaker Road, Xa., the 5th Corps under Warren moved to position and one of his columns under Griffin encountered the rebels in force and a sharp fight took place, involving a loss of about 400 on each side, the rebels being driven back to their intrenchments. The troops moved on Vaughn Road near Grav- elly Run and on this day Sheridan placed his command in position south of Hatcher's Run, which was also crossed by Humphries and Warren. March 30. — At Halifax Road the move- ments continued on Hatcher's Run and on the Dabney Mill Road, the rebels being driven, and the Crow House intrenchments occupied by the Federal troops. — Movements on Cham- berlain's Creek, Va. March 31. — On the morning of this date, the corps of Warren was in sight of White Oak Road, Va.; the position was such that regular line of battle could not be formed, but the divi- sions were so disposed tliat they could change front for action in any direction. A fierce at- tack was made by the rebels with slight advant- age, but Griffin's division held its ground and at 2 o'clock in the afternoon the rebels had ceased their onset and when Warren resumed the offensive he met little opposition ; only two of his brigades were involved to any extent and an entire confederate regiment was captured and soon after the rebels had retreated to their breastworks and a victory was won. Warren's loss was 177 killed, 1,134 wounded and 556 138 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL missing. Tiie confederate loss in killed and wounded was about 1,000. — Dinwiddie C. H., Va. After the fight at White Oak Roads, Warren moved to Dinwiddie and attacked tlie rebels on one side while Siieridan opei-ated against him on the other and, soon after mid- night, the rebel force was compelled to retire towards Five Forks, having lost 400 in killed and wounded ; the Union loss was 67 killed and 354 wounded. — At Montevallo, the troops belonging to Wilson's command on his raid in Alabama engaged in the destruction of a rail- road ; the work included iron works and rolling mills and was chiefly performed by Croxton's brigade, a skirmish taking place at Trion and King's Iron Works. — At Six Mile Creek near Montevallo, Roddy's cavalry engaged in a skir- mish and captured 50 prisoners. April 1. — Battle of Five Forks. This action was fought by Warren's corps and the 1st, 2nd and 3rd Cavalry Divisions under Sheridan. The finst assault was made on the rebel left, which was soon driven in nearly to the center with a loss of more than half of the confederate force captured and the balance surged down the White Oak Road in a demoralized mass. Griffin and Ayers pressed on the left and Craw- ford pushed u])ou the rear. A determined effort was made to stop the latter and the bri- gade of Coulter was terribly cut, but the move- ment was in vain, and almost the entire force surrendered to Crawford. Another attempt to make a stand was made a mile beyond the Forks and proved equally futile. The Union loss was 124 killed and 706 wounded, the rebel loss being 8,500 killed, wounded and captured. — At Trion, Ala., a battle took place, in which the 1st Brigade of the 1st Division of the Cavalry Corps of the Military Division of the Mississippi, Wilson's raid, engaged. — In this movement Wilson's force encountered Forrest at Ebenezer Church and gained complete victory, capturing two guns and 200 prisoners, the victors pressing on and destroying communications to Burnsville in the direction of Selma. — At Boone, N. G, an action took place in which a part of the troops connected with Stoneman's i-aid were engaged. — At Mount Pleasant, Ala., a detachment of cav- alry under Canby engaged in a skirmish. April 2. — Fall of Petersburg. The troops connected with this action included the 2nd, 6th and 9tli Corps of the Army of the Potomac and the 24th Corps of the Army of the James. The assault commenced just before daybreak, the advancing columns being accompanied by "Pioneers" with axes and details of artillerymen to man any guns which might be captured. The whole front outer line was carried by Wil- cox's command who made the assault in this place to induce the confederates to concentrate and the feint was successful. The signal for general assault was given at half past four in the afternoon and the troops moved forward without heeding a hailstorm of bullets and car- ried the line by storm, llartfrant's division capt- uring 12 guns and 800 prisoners. The divis- ion of Potter drove the rebels on the left and the simultaneous attacks which had been made in other quarters had been equally successful and the Federal troops occupied Petersburg. The Union loss was 296 killed, 2,565 wounded and 500 missing ; the confederate loss was about the same and over 3,000 of their soldiers were made prisoners of war. — Activities at Fort Fisher, Fort Welch and Newbern, N. C. — Battle of Selma. In this action the garris :n numbered 7,000 and was placed under the command of Forrest ; the fortifications were carried by the division of Long, the Union loss being 40 killed, 260 wounded ; the rebel loss included 2,700 prisoners, 32 siege guns and a quantity of stores captured ; 25,000 bales of cotton had been pre- viously burned. April 3, — Surrender of Richmond, At HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 139 nightfall of April 2nd, orders were issued for the Union army to assault the Petersburg and Richmond lines in the early morning of the 3rd, but it was discovered before daylight tlmt all tlie intrenchraents in the vicinity of those two cities had been abandoned and tliat Lee was in retreat towards Danville and a little after eight the confederate capital was surren- dered to (General Weitzel with 600 prisoners who were chiefly sick and disabled. — At Salem, N. C, a force under General Palmer of Stone- man's command fought the action known as the battle of Salem. — Military movements at Deep Creek, Va.— At Amelia C. H., Va., (Jet- tersville), Lee began the concentration of his forces and Grifhn marched to that place. — Ac- tivities at Sutherland Station, Va., connected with the movements of Lee's retreating array. — At Wytheville, Ysx., the 12th Pennsylvania Cavalry of Stoneman's command engaged in a skirmish and large quantities of supplies were destroyed wdth 90 miles of railroad and railroad bridges. — At Northport, Ala., a body of troops connected with Wilson's raid engaged in afiglit. At Namozin Church and Willicornack, Va., the division of Custer engaged in a sharp scrim- mage and lost 10 killed and 85 wounded. April 4. — Tuscaloosa, Ala., captured by Wil- son's command. — At Deep River Bridge, N. C, the forces connected with Stoneman's raid en- gaged in a cavalry skirmish. — At Bethany and Fairhaven, W. Va., slight movements oc- curred. April 5. — At Amelia Springs, Va., Crook's cavalry, Sheridan's command, engaged in a fight with Fitz Hugh Lee, the Union loss being 20 killed an,d 96 wounded.— On the same date at Paine's Cross Road, a reconnoissance by Davies . of Crook's division took place ; this was pre- vious to the action already mentioned on this date. — At Howe's Cross Roads a movement took place. April 6. — Pursuit of Lee. On the morning of this date Lee and Tjongstreet made connec- tion at Rice's Station and were joined soon after by Fitz Hugh Lee, Ewell, Anderson and Con- don. General Grant notified Meade on the even- ing before that he should attack Lee in the early morning and ordered an advance of the 2nd, 5th and 6th Corps. Sheridan was also ordered to move forward. General Ord had been on the march three days and had destroyed High Bridge and other highway and railroad com- munications and General Humphrey sent a force to Flat Creek to attack what he supposed to be the rear of Lee's army. On the 6th Gor- don's corps was attacked in a running fight of about 15 miles, the pursuit being continued with remarkable swiftness and system, accom- panied by artillery so disposed as to be ready for effective business. The move- ments were continued, the corps of Gordon while in flight relieving itself by aban- doning all impedimenta and on Little Sail- or's Creek made an attempt to secure foot- hold for a stand ; in the onset the action was very sharp, resulting in a decided victory which was the last straw that broke the camel's back and made it apparent that the end was at hand. Pursuit was resumed the next morning. Nearly 2,000 prisoners had been captured and the rebels must have lost about 2,000 in killed, wounded and captured. The Union loss was about 1,200 in killed and wounded. — Skirmish at Burksville, Va. — At Sidney Swamp, Ala., a cavalry fight, in which Wilson's troops engaged took place.— General Read engaged in a sharp fight at Burke's .Junction and his force surren- dered to the rebels; General Read, Colonel Westburn and many other officers were killed and loss to the command was fearful. April 7. — Continued flight and pursuit of Lee. April 8.— Lee's flight continued and General 140 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL Grant, through these two days, conferred with Lee, proposing surrender whicli was rejected, April 9. — Surrender of Lee. The confer- ence between Lee, Longstreet and Mahone re- sulted in the decision of Lee to liold a confer- ence with Grant which was equivalent to sur- render. Appomatox C. H. was fixed upon as place of surrender and the terms were arranged in a house belonging to a man named McLain and, in an insignificant village of less than a hundred souls, arrangements were concluded which practically terminated the Civil War. The last fighting was done on the 7th near Farmville before arrangements were entered upon and, on the 9th at daybreak, an attack was made on Gordon's command on the Lynch- burg Road ; Crook was attacked a little later, both of which actions resulted in tlie retiring of the rebels. General Ord was preparing for a decisive action, his divisions moving on the double quick, when a white flag from General Lee arrested the movements and he acceded to a request of the rebel chief to suspend hostili- ties until he could confer with General Grant and the Union force was sounded to halt by the bugles. About 4 o'clock in the afternoon the rebel surrender was announced. — At Sumter- ville, S. C, the troops of the Department of the South engaged in an action. — Surrender of Spanish Fort. The bombarding of the fort was carried on actively on the day j^receding this date for 14 hours and at nightfall the 8th Iowa under Colonel Bell fought the decisive action on the parapet. The Union infantry carried a portion of the garrison by storiu and before the hand-to-hand contest was over an entire brig- ade had taken possession and commenced to intrench. Under feint of a determined resist- ance the garrison abandoned the fort, moving to Fort Huger and crossing the Apalachie. A part of the force was intercepted by Canby's troops and 500 prisoners were captured. Canby took possession of the fort April 9th. — Fort Blakely was carried by assault at nightfall of the 9tli and about 3,500 men were captured ; the Union loss was 654 killed and wounded. — Fort Tracy was occupied by the rebels flj'ing from Spanish Fort. The siege of Mobile in- cluded Forts Spanish and Blakely. The forti- fications about the city were very strong. The attack was made by Canby commanding the Army of the West Mississippi, one corps march- ing from Fort Morgan up the east side of the bay to a small stream called Fish River. A landing was secured and the remainder of the command was brought to the same point in transports. At the same time a column under General Steele left Pensacola, directing its march upon Blakely, a port near the mouth of the Blakely River. A short distance below Blakely lay Spanish Fort on whose defence the city depended. It became a necessity that the communication of the city with the fort be cut off bj' water while the army made the land in- vestment. The virtual surrender of the city was made at nightfall of the 8th. The Union loss was 213 killed, 1,211 wounded and that of the rebels 500 killed and wounded and 2,952 captured and missing. April 10. — Sherman's army began its ad- vance on the Neuse River. April 11. — Evacuation of Forts Huger and Tracy. — Destruction of the railroad towards Lynchburg, Va., by Stoneman's troops. — Move- ment towards Montgomery by Wilson's forces. — Evacuation of Mobile. April 12. — Surrender of Mobile. — In the campaign 5,000 prisoners were taken and the entire loss of Canby was less -than 1,500 killed and wounded. — The news of Lee's surrender received by Sherman at Smithfield, N. C. Movements of Sherman's army in the advance to Grant's Mills, N. C. — Formal surrender of Montgomery and movement of the same cav- HISTORY OF THE CIVIL WAR. 141 airy force under Wilson to Georgia. — Release of Union prisoners at Salisbury, N. C. April 13. — Canby's troops moved to Whistler Station, Ala. — Occupation of Raleigh, N. C, by Sherman's troops. April 14. — Flag of truce from Johnston to Sherman, preliminary to surrender. — Assassi- nation of President Lincoln. — Conference of Sherman and .Johnston at Durham Station, N. C, and arrangements for a meeting on the 17th. April 16. — Columbus, Ivy., occupied by Upton's troops and the capture of 1,200 pris- oners. — Confederate ram Jackson destroyed by the same force, with the arsenal, navy yard, railroad stock and a large quantity of cotton. — Fort Taylor, West Point, Ga., taken by Mc- Cook's command and 300 prisoners taken. — Cavalry action at South Fork, Oregon. April 17. — At Durham Station, N. C, con- ference between Sherman and Johnston. — Con- ference between Mosby and Hancock. April 18. — Continuation of the conference between Sherman and Johnston. — Military movements at Boj'kin's Mills, S. C. April 20. — Macon, Ga., surrendered to Wil- son, and Croxton's brigade made connection with Wilson at that place. April 23. — Arrival of Grant at Morehead City, N. C, where he communicated with Sher- man. April 26. — Surrender of Johnston to Sher- man. — Movement of the Federal troops from Raleigh. — General Halleck ordered the gen- erals of the Army of the Potomac to move their commands into the department where Sherman was operating. April 28. — The troops of the Army of the Potomac arrived at Danville, Vsl., en route to assist Sherman. May 4.— Movement at Citronville, Ala.— Activities at Germania Ford, Va. — Movements at Cottonville, Ala. — Skirmish at Nana Blufl. May 10. — Capture of Jeff Davis at Irwins- ville, Ga. In fact, the flight of Davis com- menced on the day following the surrender of Lee. Danville, the new capital, was abandoned and, on the lllh Davis reached Greensboro, N. C, and soon after was in consultation with Johnston and Beauregard. He insisted that Johnston resume hostilities, but the latter refused. Davis received no attention at Greens- boro and on the 14th he went to Charlotte, where the news of the assassination of Pres- ident Lincoln and of the surrender of John.son was received. Davis started for Texas, passing through Abbeville, S. C, Wash- ington, Milledgeville and Macon, Ga., and the forces of Wilson were ordered to pursue and were soon dispersed from Kingston to Florida. May 7th a detachment of the 1st Wisconsin Cavalry, stationed at Dublin, ascertained that Davis was on the Jacksonville road and he was pursued to the Ockuiulgee River; it was learned at Abbeville that he was on the way to Irwinsville. Colonel Pritchard of the 4th Michigan reached Irwinsville at two o'clock on the morning of this dale and learned his whereabouts and captured him at daylight, while attempting to escape in women's cloth- ing. — Surrender of Sam Jones to Wilson's Cavalry. May 11. — Surrender of Jeff Thompson to General Dodge. May 13. — Last engagement of the war at Boco Chico, Texas. In a fight at Palmetto Ranch, in which the 34th Indiana, 2nd Texas Cavalrj' and a regiment of colored troops were engaged, the Union loss was 118 killed and wounded. May 14. — All the confederate troops east of the Mississippi River surrendered to General Canb}' on this date. 142 CHRONOLOGICAL AND STATISTICAL May 24. — Movements connected with the j the troops in the department west of the Missis- cessation of hostilities at Duvall's Bluff, Fort ; sippi River and in Texas. Manahasset and Fort Griffin. \ June l.-Movements of troops at Browns- \ ville, Texas. May 25.-Movements of troops at La Bone j^,^^,^, 2. -Movements at Galveston, Texas, Pass, La., and at Sabine Pass. j ^jj,; .^^ yVlexandria, La. May 26. — Surrender by Kirby Smith of all | June 26.— Blockade raised. ^oA^. o/t. S. RJO^U-^a. ^i^aa3a33Q!aCBClBEIIi!lylQQEIEIBBEIBieiaBE!ElE!EIEIBQCIQE]E]E)E]EIE]QE]BBBBBU4r, s->^ Mi 3~^- ptQiaiaiiaaQaQiaiaiaaiaQaQaQaaQaQaayyBiQiaQiaQGiQiiiooEiEiiaQraQraraiaraK -•J^^H'D to UGUSTUS GORDON W E I S S E R T, Depart- nieut Commandei' of Wis- consin (1888 -S'J) Grand Army of the Republic, a representative soldier of the volunteer forces and a prominent member of the Milwaukee Bar, was born Aug. 7, 1844, at Canton, Stark Co., Ohio. When he was six years old his Racine, Wis., wliere he parents removed obtained a good elementary education and was graduated from the high school. Later, he pursued a general course of studj' at the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor and afterwards entered the Law Dej)artment whence he was graduated with the degree of LL. B. He resided at Racine until he went to Now York to continue his studies, the year previous to entering the army, and was but little more than a lad when he became a soldier. At 17 .he enli.sted in Company K, 8th Wisconsin In- fantry, enrolling Sept. 10, 1861, having been several times theretofore rejected on account of his age and stature. The "Eagle"' regiment, organized September 4th at the rendezvous at Camp Randall, Madison, was mustered into U. S. service on the 13tli and left the State October 12th, being the first Wisconsin regiment to receive orders for the West. After a few days passed at Benton Barracks, St. Louis, orders were received to move to Pilot Knob and, on the 20th, the " 8th " were assigned to the command of Colonel Carlin and on the next day 3'oung Weissert had the satisfaction of participating in a victory at Fredericktown, Mo. He performed military duty at Pilot Knob, and went later on an expedition up the St. Francis River. The Jiext removal to Sulphur Springs took place Oct. 25th, and in January orders were received to join Gen. Grant's forces at Cairo for the Fort Donelson campaign. Until March the time was passed there, the regiment being in gray uniform and in practical retire- ment in consequence. When equipped in regulation blue, the command made connection with the forces of General Pope and occupied the rifie pits near Point Pleasant, Mo., and afterwards took part in the Siege of New Madrid, going, April 7th, in pursuitof the rebels after the action at and Siege of Island No. 10 and after- wards, to the rear of Corinth via Hamburg Land- ing, with Pope's army. The regiment moved on the 1st of May, 1862, to a position near Farm- ington where they were in the brunt of tlie action on the 9tli and won the warmest com- mendations from the superior officers for per- fect discipline and marked bravery. Pope's command was assumed by Halleck and. May 28tli, 1862, the regiment followed his leader- ship to the Siege of Corinth and had, on that date, a skirmish at Booneville. From Septem- ber loth to the 20th it was in the reserve but under fire at luka, and fought at Corinth October ord and 4th, where the regiment lost heavily. The 2nd of November found the command en route to Grand Junction and left that place in December to co-operate with Grant, performing varied duty througli the winter and early spring (Dec. 18th the regiment was assigned to the 2nd Brigade, 2nd Division, 15th Corps, Army of the 'Pennessee.) March and April were passed in marching and severe duty in preparing for the events planned and consummated by Grant for the capture of \"icksburg. May 14tli, young Weissert fought 144 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF under Sherman at Jackson and participated in tlie assault upon and sulisequent move- ments in the Siege of Vicksl)urg until July. On his roster are also Meclianicsburg, May 25th, the action of May 22, Richmond, La., June 15th, Canton, October 13tli, Sherman's Meridian expedition January 27, LS64, and all possible varieties of military duty in- cident to the most memorai)le cam])aign of the war. After veteranizing in the spring the regiment made connection with the com- mand of Jianks as "Sherman's contingent" in the Red River expedition and Weissert was with his regiment in the charge at Fort Scurry, March IGth. Two days later, he fought at Fort de Russy, at Henderson's Hiils March 21st, Natchitoches, March 31st, Pleasant Hill, April 9th, Bayou Rapids, Mav 4th, Marksville, May 14th and 16th, Ba- you De Glaize, May 17th to lOth, and returned again to Vicksburg later in the month. He was in the expedition to Geenville, Miss., and, fought at Chicot, June 3rd and Gth. He went afterwards to St. Charles, Davall's Bluff and to Brownsville, arriving there September 2nd. On the 17th be was in the pursuit of Price through Arkansas and Missouri, making a march of SIG miles, and fought at Nashville, Dec. 15th and 16th. Mr. Weissert was made Sergeant Major of the 8th and was made Captain by brevet to rank from June 6, lS(i4, his commission having been granted " for conspicuous bravery during the Red River expedition and for gallantry at J^ake Chicot June 6tb, 1864, and at Nashville, Dec. 16th, 1864." In the latter action he was se- verely wounded by a .sharpshooter, receiving a ball in his left leg. The circumstances under which it was received are ])rima facie evidence of the fact that the volunteer soldiers had quite as much to do with the success of the Union arms as the commanders. When the armj^ •was in the line of battle at Nashville, Sergeant Major Weissert traversed the lines to ascertain whether his regiment was properly supplied with ammunition, and when the duty was com- pleted, he received orders from Col. Britton, the commander of the 8th, to remain with headquarters at the rear to make up the regimental returns, then 15 days behind, on account of the constant campaigning of the regiment. About the same moment the order to advance was given and when the Colonel chanced sometime later, to go along the line, he found Sergeant Major Weis- sert in his position with the regiment. He reminded him of his Order and received the following reply from the Sergeant Major : " I deemed this my place and thought I would go with the regiment, and linish the reports after the battle." Soon after lie was with the ad- vance of the line which opened the battle of Nashville, on the extreme right Dec. 15th, 1864. About two in the afternoon, the "8th" was with Hubbard's brigade in a charge on a fort, the command capturing more prisoners than the brigade numbered. Soon after. Ser- geant Major Weissert was wounded as stated, while his regiment was preparing to charge the second line of rebels, and was carried to the rear and sent trom the field hospital to New Al- bany, Ind,. When able, he was removed to Wisconsin under special requisition from the Governor of Wisconsin for his return to the jurisdiction of that commonwealth. After the battle of Nashville and the subse- quent campaign and pursuit of Hood's Army, tlie 8th with a large number of the troops be- longing to Thomas' army, were ordered to Mobile and took an active ]iart in the siege and capture of that rebel stronghold. They then went to Montgomery, the capital of Alabama, then to Selma, and were finally mustered out at Demopolis, Ala., Sept. 17, 1865. Commander Wei.ssert was appointed to a cadetship at the U. S. Military Academy at West Point, but having been unable to accept the appointment on account of wounds received in the battle, declined the same. He has suf- fered much from the wound, which has never healed, the bullet still remaining in the leg. Commander Weissert is the son of Michael anVl Magdalene (Bernard) Weissert. His father belonged to the commercial class and married a daughter of France who came to this country in childhood. Her family supplied several .soldiers to the service of Napoleon who be- came distinguished in tlie bloody history which that commander wove for Continental Europe. Commander Weissert was married Nov. 24, 1869 to Mary E. Trautwin and their daughter, Florence E., is their only child. George C, a promising son, was drowned when 15 years old. Commander Weissert belongs to the foremost ranks of the legal fraternity of Wisconsin. He read for his profession under the guidance of Hon. W. P. Lyon, for many j'cars one of the Judges of the Supreme Court of Wisconsin and PERSONAL RECORDS. 145 was admitted to practice in the Circuit Courts of the State in 1869. In the following year he was admitted to practice in the higher court of the State and in the Federal and Supreme Courts of the United States. He held by ap- pointment from the (Jovernment several civil j)ositions, and he was a number of years an in- fluential and prominent member of the Mil- waukee School Board. He was, for a long time, Chairman of the Hign School Committee and the sjjlendid building which adds its share to the fine apjiearance of the Cream City is largely due to the jiersistent and untiring efforts of Commander VVeissert. He refused a third appointment in view of professional duty and a contemj)lated visit to Europe. He became a member of the Order of the Grand Army in 1806 and is one of the strong- est members of the Order in Wisconsin and has been sevei'al times elected to represent his Post (E. B. Wolcott) in the Department En- campments. He was one of the i-epresenta- tives of the Department of Wisconsin- at St. Louis in 1887 at the National Encam})ment, and was actively jirominent at Columbus in securing the Encampment of 188!> for Milwau- kee. He has been ior years a Trustee of Wol- cott Post. Feb. 17, 1888, he was elected Com- mander of the Wisconsin Department for one year. At this writing, 1888, Commander Weissert is at the acme of life. Li the prime of man- hood, successful in business, popular among his fellow-men, trusted by his former comrades in arms, he evidences the representative Amer- ican citizen. He is descended from ancestral stock synonymous with liberty in a struggle for freedom which forms one of the most glori- ous pages in the history of the world and, in his career and private life alike, he sustains the prestige of his descent, his nationality and his heritage of patriotism. His portrait, which is placed at the beginning of the soldier's depart- ment of this w'ork was copied from a photo- graph taken in 1888. (Current year.) EORGE W. DRAKE, first Wisconsin \ soldier killed in the War of the Rebel- lion. This name, which will live forever on the pages of the history of Wisconsin and grace tbo.se of the annals of the country for which he was a martyr, represenis one who was but a boy when he fell at Martins- burg, or Falling Waters, Ya. He was born Aug. 25, 1842, in the city of Philadelphia. He resided in Milwaukee after he was 13 years old and was in the employ of a railroad corpora- tion when the war between the North and South begun. He enlisted in April, 1861, in Com- pany A, 1st Wisconsin Infantry and was among the first to hasten to the aid of the Nation. June 9th following he left the State for scenes of prospective warfare in ^'irginia and, Jul}' 2ncl, in the skirmish named above, he was the only soldier killed on the field. The fatal Ind- ict pierced his breast, passed through his body and was afterwards removed from his knap- sack. His death was almost instantaneous and his dying breath faded in the words " what will mother say ? " His innate nobleness of char- acter rose to the sublimity of the liighest chiv- alry in the supreme moment when, knowing himself to be in the border-land of the infinite he remembered what her faithful mother heart would suffer. His body was tenderly cared for, prepared for burial and laid beside the remains of a soldier of the Revolution on the banks of the Potomac at Williamsport, Md. This sacred obligation was discharged by Captain Ken- nedy, a Unionist resident in that vicinity who had fought in 1812, and there he still lies, his friends, on learning the circumstances of Cap- tain Keiniedy's considerate kindness, declin- ing to disturb the dust of him whose short record as a hero honors this page. Battle- scarred veterans of the Civil War at Milwau- kee have acknowledged their veneration of his memory in the name of G. A. R. Post Geo. W. >!- Drake, No. 223. He was the son of William and Martha Jane (Carr) Drake. The former was a native of Phil- adelphia and died in Milwaukee, May 10, 1886, where he had been a respected citizen since 1855. The wife and mother survives and is a lady who has won a reputation for womanly character excelled by few of her generation. She was born in Philadelphia and represents some of the stanchest blood in our composite Nationality. Her father fought in 1812, and in every generation, her ancestors were distin- guished for patriotism. James Carr, her brother, went to N'irginia about the date of the war in charge of a force of laborers to fulfil a railroad contract and, with his men, enlisted as soon as his services were needed by his country. Mr. 146 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF Carr and all his men, with one exception, were killed at Bull Run. His young wife died, broken hearted, six months afterward. '^'^^-^^t^^^ f/W/K ^I'^ION F. HUMES, first Wisconsin soldier to fall in battle in the Civil War. He was born Feb. 17, 1843 "in Janesville, Wis., and was inher- ently a son of the Commonwealth. He typified the spirit which fostered his inheritance as a citizen of the Republic in his enrollment as a soldier in defence of his country when still a boy. It is a remarkable fact that the catalogue of Wisconsin mai'tyrs is led by the names of two youth, instead of by those of reflective, ex- pei'ienced men. Marion F. Humes was the son of Amos and Susan Ann (Vreeland) Humes and was fifth in order of birth of a family of seven children. It is remembered of his last days in Wisconsin that he was making every possible struggle to fit himself, as he expre.ssed it with tears on being disappointed, in obtaining a position at Milton to work to pay his way in college "for doing some good in the world." But he won a prouder distinction than that of a student. He enlisted in April, 1861 in the "Belle City Rifles" which was mustered in as Company F, 2nd Wisconsin Infantry. On many pages of this work the story of that gallant organization is told and he was the first to win distinction on the field of Bull Run. July 21st, when advancing in the line of battle, a round shot from a six-pound field piece struck the ground, ricochetted and passed through the ranks of company F, shattering the gun of a man in front and carrying away the arm of Marion Humes. He started fou the hospital, which his comrades believed he reached, but nothing is definitely known about his fate. All the particulars of him afterwards are in the realm of mystery, save that he came not back. But on historic pages, in the hearts of sur- viving friends and relatives and in frequent mention with hushed breath and quivering lips, his venerated memory lives. ILLIAM HENRY HARRISON BLINN, Antigo, Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 78, is one of the most prominent ex-soldiers in Northern Wisconsin. He isjustly considered one of the strongest men of that section of the Badger State from his character as a citizen, his record as a soldier and his unblemished repu- tation as a man. He is the son of George H. and Sophronia (Spencer) Blinn. The former was born in Averment and the latter at Ticonderoga and she was descended from ancestors who fought in both wars with Great Britain. Mr. Blinn received a careful primary education which was supplemented by four years attend- ance at the academy at Lowville and in '59 he entered the scientific department at Yale Col- lege at New Haven, Conn., which he quitted during the first months of the war when about half way through a course of study. He was born .Jan. 13, 1841, in Moriah, Essex Co., New York, and was not quite 20 years old when the civil war broke out. On the day of the disaster at Bull Run, Jul}'- 21, 1861, he en- listed in Company C, 9th New York .Infantry (Hawkin's Zouaves) at New York City for two years. He received honorable discharge Mav 20, 1863, at New York. The members of the regiment believed that they were mustered into service under the call for 75,000 troops for three months, and the recruits, (to which por- tion Mr. Blinn belonged), understood that they were mustered for two years. At the expira- tion of three months, the former refu.sed to serve longer but agreed to fight if attacked by the forces of Magruder, which was eminent. General Butler was in command of the depart- ment to which the regiment was assigned and he ordered them out at Newport News under arms. A battery of " regulars " with shotted guns were placed in their rear. General But- ler and the colonel of the regiment were in front of the command when the Color Sergeant walked forward and stated to General Butler that if the regiment was fired on by the bat- tery, the regiment would fire on him person- SiWy in retaliation. This settled the matter and "Old Cockeye" withdrew the battery. The regiment formed in a hollow square and Gen- eral Butler proceeded to argue the case. He claimed that the records of Governor Morgan showed the command as a two years regiment and he appealed to their patriotism to fulfill the exhibit. He asked those who were unwil- PERSONAL RECORDS. 147 ling to serve two years to advance and all but 50 did so, who were sent at once to the Rip- Raps. A few weeks after they returned to duty. This incident illustrates the injustice and wrong to which soldiers are sometimes sub- jected by the carelessness of authorities. Mr. Blinn made connection with the regiment at Newport News .July 25th, and went thence in August to Hatteras Inlet, subsequent to the capture of Forts Hatteras and Clark. It was determined that the situation was feasi- ible for advantageous operations of troops, and the gunboat " Pawnee " and 300 men were stationed to hWd the inlet. They re- mained 13 days without Government rations, subsisting on captured flour, molasses and lard, and much sickness resulted. General Butler assurad tiie detail stationed at the inlet that they should share equally with the sailors and marines in all prizes captured. The " Pawnee " flew the confederate flag and made 13 seizures of valuable prizes, but tlie members of the land force never received their share of prize money nor commutation on their 13 days lost rations. They remained there until Burnside came to Hatteras in January, J 862, when they went to Roanoke Island. In the action of Feb. 8, 1862, the 9th New York captured a masked battery on the island, charging up a corduroy road, driving the rebels at the point of tlie bay- onet and capturing their colors. Company C took the colors, which were desperately de- fended by the confederate Color Sergeant, who fought as only a brave man could in their de- fense and was knocked down before he surren- dered his trust. After the action, the com- mand moved up the Chowan River to Winton, purposing to destroy a bridge, but the bluff was lined with masked batteries and the rebels fired on them at short range, the river being so narrow that the boats could not be turned and placed in position to obtain the elevation of the guns and it became necessary to withdraw, but this disappointment was com- pensated for on the next day, as they reached Winton, which was burned with a large quan- tity of confederate army stores. The next ac- tion in wliich the 9th New York participated was at Camden or South Mills, April 19, 1862, where they met and rejiulsed the celebrated Georgia " 3rd " and very nearly captured the confederate flag, the ensign over which Jeff Davis sniveled at Macon, Ga., in 1887. In this fight Mr. Blinn was wounded in the right knee and remained at the hospital on Roanoke Island until he rejoined his regiment at Fred- ericksburg in July. The regiment had been made a part of the 9th Army Corps. Park's division was detached from the corps to fight at the second Bull Run and Mr. Blinn was in that action with the 1st Brigade, General Reno commanding the corps. After the retreat, the command went to the defense of Washington and in the Maryland campaign fought at South Mountain, occupying a position on the extreme left and repulsing a desperate charge in which General Reno was killed. General Rodman was placed in command and the corps was next in action at Antietam and went tlience to Sharpsburg and drove the right wing of Lee's army more than a mile. The destruction of Lee's command would have been assured if support could have been supplied at the right moment. The confederate army under D. H. Hill stopped their further progress and they returned to the river where they held their position. In the action at Sharpsburg, the 9th New York went into action with 436 men and at roll call, 263 were in the list of killed and wounded. The regiment remainad until late fall in Pleasant Valley, Md., and went thence over tlie old Bull Run battlefield to Warrenton Junction, where Burnside super- seded McClellan and moved thence to winter quarters ot Fredericksburg, where they fought later on and were also in the scrimmage at the bridge and ferried across and took possession of the city about dark, Dec. 13, 1862. Mr. Blinn was in the charge on Marye's Heights one of the most disastrious charges of the war, where thousands of soldiers were slaughtered to no purpose, and was next in action at Suf- folk, considered the key to the position at Nor- folk, which the rebels desired to blockade, and tliere the regiment lost about 40 men. At this point, Lieutenant Colonel Kimball of the 9th New York was killed in an altercation with a Federal officer. Mr. Blinn remained at Suffolk until the expiration of his time and took steamer at Norfolk, May 5th, for return to New York City. On arrival they were received with honor by the local military. During the siege of Suffolk, Governor Dix sent a commun- ication, requesting them to remain during the siege, although their time was nearly expired. The duration of the seige being indefinite they declined the proposition, especially as the army in front of Suffolk was quite sufficient without 148- SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF them. General Dix issued an order to have them return to New York without their arms, a gross and unmerited insult which they felt keenly after their splendid service. After their arrival in New York they found their indigna- tion was shared by popular opinion and a mil- itia regiment had stacked their arms on a dock in readiness for them on their arrival, and thej' marched through New York fully equipped and escorted by Dodworth's celebrated band without let or hindrance of General Dix. Mr. Blinn came to Wisconsin in July, 1863 and engaged in farming several years in Wau- paca county. He then gave his attention to the acquisition of the trade of jeweler and watch- maker, which he followed at Waupaca until April, 1882, when he moved to Antigo, then in its incipiency, and established a prosperous business. He was married Oct. 21, 18<)3 to Helen E. Fisher and their only son is named .John Warren in remembranceof his two greatgrand- fathers. Mrs. Blinn was born in Essex county. New York and, on her mother's side, is allied to the family from which Edward Eggleston, the author, descended. They date back to the May- flower and the father of her mother was de- scended from John Winslow of Mayflower fame. Her paternal great uncle, James Smith, was a soldier in 1812 at Plattsburg and her cousin, Oakley Smith, enlisted in the late war in the 118th New York Infantry and starved to death at Anderson ville. Edgar Welch, another rela- tive in the same regiment, was taken prisoner by the rebels and held at Salisbury and other points in the South, barely escaping with his life. It is impossible to place on these pages an adequate representation of the relations of Mr. Blinn to the community in which he resides. He is trusted, honored and beloved and is one of a Commission appointed by Judge Eli Waste to care for the fund for the relief of indigent soldiers of Langlade county. AMES HOWARD JENKINS. In the personal records from which this vol- ume is compiled, the entire history of the war of theUnion may be read. In point of fact, these, and others of similar pur- pose, will, eventually, stand first in point of value to the historian of the future, who shall tell the story, after those who made the history, shall have passed whence " cometh neither voice nor cry." Mr. Jenkins is a representative of all that is meant in tlie terms " loyal citizen and soldier for tlie Union." He is a descendant of honorable ancestors who took interest in the march of progress in the earliest days of this country, and exempli- fied it by removing to the New World in 1640, the year in which John Jenkins, from whom Mr. Jenkins is the seventh in succession, settled in Scituate, Mass. The family spread through several portions of New 4^ngland and became active in the events which marked the period as one of importance to the whole world. The paternal grandsire of Mr. Jenkins was a captain of artillery in the second war with Great Britain. He was born Jan. 24, 1841, in Bangor, Penobscot Co., Maine. At the age of eight he went to Boston, where he reached the age of legal manhood, growing up under the influ- ences which found expression in his prompt response to the cry that echoed from the im- perilled battlements of Fort Sumter. Within the first month of threatened chaos in national affairs, he enrolled in the Boston Light Infan- try, Company A. He was sworn into service for three months and the command was de- tailed for garrison duty at Fort Warren in the harbor of Boston. Mr. Jenkins was a little more than 20 years of age. As soon as his first enlistment expired, he again enrolled as a sol- dier, enlisting in Company A, Twelfth Massa- chusetts Infantry for three years or the war. On the organization of his company he was made Sergeant and was promoted later to the respective positions of Orderly Sergeant and Sergeant Major. In July, 1862, he was com- missioned 2nd Lieutenant of Company B, 21st Wisconsin Infantry. That command was mus- tered into service Sept. 5, 1862, at Oshkosh with a complement of 960 men. In November, 1862, he was promoted to 1st Lieutenant and Adjutant of the same regiment. He served in those positions until he was captured at the battle of Chickamauga, Sept. 20, 1863, and the remainder of the time until April, 1865, he was a part of the record that has fastened upon the Southern portion of the United States, a stigma which the tears of heaven could never efface. A man who endured for 18 months the inflicted pangs of prisons under the fury and relentless- ness of rebel venom, deserves the best that the pages of history can bestow. PERSONAL EECORDS. 149 While a member of tlie 12th Massachusetts, Mr. Jenkins was a member of the Army of the Potomac. His command was attached to the corps of General Banks and he enjoyed the experiences of the famous retreat up the valley of the Shenandoch. The whole is summed up in the statistics of the march of the 25th and 26th of May, 1862, when the army traversed 53 miles in 48 hours, 35 being ac- complished in one day. He went with Mc- Dowell in his attempt to make a stand at Fred- ericksburg, and his regiment was a portion of the assignment that moved under the command of Pope forward to the Kapidan and back to the Rappahannock. October 21, 1861, lie was under rebel lire at the celebrated battle of Ball's Bin ft and, at Cedar Mountain, Aug. 8tli, 1862, and again on the 30th day of the same month, fought at the second battle of Bull Run. .Just two months after the disaster of Ball's Bluttj he met the rebels in the 21st Wisconsin at the battle of Perryville, Oct. 8, 1862. On the last day of the same year, he was again in action at Stone River, and tasted the delights of that success of the Federal army. On the 5th day of January, lie was stationed at Murfreesboro, building fortifications and engaged in the duties pertaining to warfare in its comparative inactive season until June 21st, when the com- mand moved upon Tullahoma, where Mr. Jenkins was in action two days later. The conquering host was proceeding to cross the mountains below Chattanooga, when the rebels in great numbers were encountered at Dug Gap, and a hasty retreat was made in which the 21st was in the rear guard. September 19th, the command, with the army, took position at one of the fords of the Chickamauga, the " River of Death." On the second day he was captured by the rebels and was sent to the prison at Atlanta, Ga. He registered success- ively at the hotels under rebel regime at Libb}', Danville, Macon, Savannah, Charleston, Columbia and Raleigh. His stay at some of the last named was exceedingly brief, owing to the attention of authorities, who seemed anxious to give their guests as broad a knowl- edge of their territory as possible under the suggestions of General- Sherman and his ad- vancing forces. Finally, Mr. Jenkins with a vast throng of ragged, starving, shivering, hat- less, barefooted, emaciated, filthy, vermin-cov- ered and altogether forlorn wretches were marched to Wilmington to be exchanged. It is safe to conjecture that such another pro- cession will never again traverse the .soil of this united coluitry. Every rod of that pro- gress was marked with uni)arallelled suffering; gaunt, griiii, haggard, every line of every face- marked with the ravages of a privation too miserable to be depicted with word or brush, every form crippled and stooping with a burden of endurance too bitter to recall with jiatience —think of this picture, sons and beneficiaries of those who made this weary journey and try to realize their emotions as they passed into redemption under the Stars and Stripes m March, 1865 ! Twenty years after, they tell their stories and affirm that the cause for which they endured was worth all they suf- fered. During the period of his captivity, Mr. Jenkins made two escapes but was recaptured. From Wilmington he went to Camp Parole at Annapolis, where he received leave of absence for 30 days. He resigned in the month follow- ing after being connected with the military service of the United States for a period of four years and one day. Mr. Jenkins returned to Oshkosh, where he has since been a citizen. He is a member of G. A. R. Post No. 241, and belongs to the Chicago Commandery of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion. ^¥r HARLES CARROLL TOWNSEND, a merchant and Justice of the Peace at Merrill, (1888) and a member of Grand Army Post No. 131, was born Aug. 11, 1842 in Alexander, Genesee Co., New York, and is the son of Cester C. and Carolina (De Marie) Townsend. His father was of English extraction, several generations re- moved. The mother was born in Attica, N. Y., and was of French lineage. The senior Town- send removed his family and interests to Chi- cago about 1848 and thence successively to Be- loitand .Janesville, Wis. At the latter place he became prominent through his abilities and was the first to hold the position of Register of Deeds in Rock County. Later he went to Neenah and operated as Qty Treasurer and was also connected with a bank there as cash- ier. He was also Justice of the Peace for a number of years and was accounted one of the best business men in that section of Wisconsin. 15U SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF Mr. Townsend was educated at Neenah and attended Lawrence University at Appleton. Before he was li), the exigency of civil war awaivened liini to a sense of his own intimate relations to the impending difficulties in which the National Goverment was involved and he early determined to risk the fate of war. Tlie disasters of the first months of the conflict hastened his action and he enlisted Sept. 1, 1861 in Company C, 1st Wisconsin Cavalry, at Ripon for three years. He was made Corporal at the formation of the company, was promoted to 1st Duty Sergeant at Benton Barracks in the spring of 1862 and in September, 1863, he was made Orderly Sergeant and placed in command of the comjjany. With his company he went to Benton Barracks, St. Louis, thence to Cape Girardeau and soon after, .to Bloomtield. At Chalk Bluff he was in a skirmish and from Bloomtield the woi-k accomplished by the com- mand .scouting, skirmishing, fording marshes "with and without bottoms", suti'ering for water and food and marching in pursuit of rebels won for them abundant commendations for effectiveness. The fall of that year found the regiment in terrible condition from illness and the soldiers recruited at Helena. At Cape Girardeau, Mr. Townsend had his first ex- perience in regular battle, after which he passed the summer with the command, which was furnished with new equipments and made ready for activity again at Chickamauga, and later made connection with Sherman's army, fighting at Buzzard's Roost and Resaca, at Dallas, Kenesaw and Atlanta. But Mr. Townsend had a private history of his own, in which he will appear on the.se, as on otlier pages of llistor3^ October 1st, 1864 he was in a detail to drive and fight Wheeler. As the r<-gi- ment approached to make the charge at An- derson's Gap in the Sequatchie ^^llley, Ser- geants Townsend and Dunham sprang forward in advance and met the advance of the rebels first and single-handed. Townsend cut down a rebel who had sighted his revolver on Colonel LaGrange and Color-Sergeant Dunham un- seated a rebel with his fiag staff. In another instant the regiment drove the rebels, perform- ing almost miracles. The action was illustrated in Leslie's pictorial paper and Colonel La- Grange personally thanked Mr. Townsend for his life. Both Townsend and Dunham were recommended for promotion and the com- mission of the former as 1st Lieutenant was issued. But he was away on unavoidable business and the command was mustered out, less two of its commissioned officers, one of whom was 1st Lieutenant Townsend. Suc- ceeding this exploit he was detailed as a scout until the affair at Dandridge where, Jan. 17th, he was captured and he wasted in rebel prisons for about a year after the expiration of his term of enlistment. He was an athlete of splendid physique, which he inherited from his ma- ternal grandfather, known as one of the most powerful men in New York in his generations, and was a trained gymnast, weighing 204 pounds. When exchanged he weighed 98 pounds and when turned over to the authori- ties at Annapolis he was almost demented and was wholly wrecked, physically. He received discharge at Madison, Wis., in July, 1865' After he returned to his friends every ef- fort was made to restore him to his former con- dition and he is now in good healtli appar- entl}', weighing 180 pounds but with nervous system hopelessly shattered. During his ser- vice he was wounded twice, but not severely enough to send him to hospital or cause the lo.ss of a day of duty. He returned to Neenah and after recruiting for a time there, he went to Colorado and passed tlie summer of 1866 in travel through the western territories and at Leadville, then California Gulch. Returning in good health, he opened a grocery at Neenah, which enterprise he conducted for two years. In 1871 he went to Rockford, 111., where he managed a flour and feed establishment, re- turning thence to Fond du Lac, where he be- came niterested in the manufacture of pumps. In 1881 he went to Merrill, and has since op- erated in a commercial line. He was made a magistrate within that year, has been Alder- man of his Ward, a member of the Republican County Committee and of the District Commit- tee. He is Quartermaster of his Post. The marriage of Mr. Townsend and May A. Reynolds occurred Oct. 15, 1872, and their chil.dren are six in number named in the or- der of their birth : — Harvey, G. Ray, Charles Carroll, William B., Harold and Esther May. G. W. Reynolds, the father of Mrs. Townsend, was an old and respected citizen of Rockford, 111., and a descendant from good New England stock, as was her mother, Her brother James was educated in a military school and was a Major in the war with the South. PERSONAL EECORDS. 151 OBERT H. JOHNSON, proprietary editor of the Central Wiftconsiri, a leading journal at Wausau, Wis., is a representative citizen of Noithern Wisconsin and as sucii, has been identified with the interests of tluit section of the Badger State for more than two decades, during which, his energy, persistence and foresight have been factors of inestimable benefit to a part of Wis- consin, whose strides in growth and material progress of the best type have been a source of credit to its community and of just pride in the Commonwealth at large. He was born March 20, 1846 in Mil- waukee, Wis. His parents, Robert H. and Catherine (Ben) Johnson, were both born in Ireland and were descendants of well-to-do and cultured families. The former was an architect and a man of education. The mother died in 1851 and the father in 1858. The son was thenceforward under the care of li is grandfather and aunt, and was placed at school in the University of Notre Dame, South Bend, Ind. He was about 16 when he was interested iu the event that was attracting the attention of the civilized world — the Civil War — and in com- pany Avith a chum, James O'Keefe, he ran away to Chicago to enlist. Fel». 2d, 1862 they en- rolled at Camp Douglas in Cbnipany A, 58th Illinois Infantrj'. Dec. 24th, nine companies were mustered into service and the tenth on February 11th. The regiment left camp 887 strong for Cairo to report to Brig. General E. A. Paine. Thence on the Ohio and Cumberland Rivers, they proceeded to participate in the siege of Fort Donelson. The command was assigned to the 3rd Brigade of the 3rd Division, under Col. J. M. Thayer, 1st Nebraska Infantry. Later in the day of action it was temporarily attached to the 2nd Division under Col. C. F. Smith and went into the fight of Februar}' 14th without sui- table arms or jjrevious military drill as an organ- ization. Their fighting throughout the action of the day won for the command the highest encomiums. The next day the regiment was reattached to its first assignment and was again in battle, receiving the fire of a masked battery, which made havoc with their organization and discipline, which was however (juickily reme- died. After tlie battle it became known that, owing to a blunder of their Commissary, the regiment had been without rations from Friday until Sunday morning, notwithstanding which, and their almost worthless arms and equip- ments, they acted with the coolness and dis- cipline of veterans. The weather was very cold and no fires allowed. The regiment strengthened its record at Shiloh and in the desultory figliting in the vicinity of Corinth. Also at luka and the second fight at Corinth in September, did the "58th" sustain its reputa- tion. After Corinth the command was attached to the force which moved towards Vicksburg and, in the vicinity of that city, passed the winter. In tlie spring the command was in varied situations, chtising Marmaduke into Arkansas and, after the skirmi.shing and actions about Vicksburg were terminated, went on the Tupelo expedition. In .Junuary, 1864, Mr. Johnson veteranised in the field and took his furlough and the fir.st active operation in which he afterwards partici- pated was in the Oxford raid, followed by the chase of Price in the spring into Kansas through Missouri. Immediately after return, the regiment went on the Meridian expedition and as soon as tliat vain march was over, was assigned to the land forces of the Red River expedition. Mr. Johnson was in the attack on Fort de Russey and, on the capitulation, was one of the first to mount the parapet with the color bearer, to plant the United States banner over another stronghold of the confederacy. He fought in the actions at Pleasant Hill, Cloutiersville and Marksville. He went with his command to Kansas in October and re- turned to aid Thomas at Nashville in December and to take a hand in the final dispersion of Hood's army. Early in 1865 he was in the assignment to the force of General Canby to move towards Mobile. After Nashville he was detailed as Orderly " on the personal staff of Surgeon Henry M. Crawford, and afterwards as Orderly on the staff of General Garrard and, later, was made Special Orderly at the head- quarters of Major-General Charles R. Wood, Commander of the Department of Alabama. Aug. 29, 1865, he was ordered to report to Major Fred H. Wilson, as Despatch Orderly. He received final discharge at Mobile, Ala., April 1st, 1866, after a service of four years and two months. He was not twenty when he returned to civil life. In April of the same year he went to Wausau and sought employ- ment, accepting the first thing that ottered. Hitherto, he had not accomplished much in the way of waiting for opportunity, either making it himself or going more than half-way 152 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF to meet it, and, as saw-mill hands, loggers and woodsmen were always in demand he engaged in those occupations and also ran the river on kimber rafts on the Wisconsin. He passed the months in a varied manner until Oct. 14, 1868, when he became owner by purchase of the Central Wmoihsin which he has since conducted. It had been a journal of the democratic ele- ment and the new management converted it to Republicanism of a radical stripe, enlarging and improving the sheet until it assumed the leading position in journalism in that section of Wisconsin which it has since maintained. The mercurial, aggressive and coiu-ageous tem- perament of the proprietor have been manifest in the management of the paper and he has been a power in journalism of no mean caliber. His was the first Republican journal in Mara- thon county and his busmess broadened until more commodious accommodations became a necessity, to meet which he erected- in 1880 a two-story brick block which is one of the sub- stantial edifices of Wausau. In this, steam power in the newspaper business was, for the first time, introduced in that portion of the State. Mr. Johnson established the first daily paper in Northern Wisconsin which he con- tinued through the campaign of 1884. He also published a German paper of Republican principles two years, suspending it when its purpose was accomplished. Jan. 13, 1876, Mr. Johnson was appointed Postmaster by President Grant and was re- appointed successively by Presidents Hayes and Arthur, Jan. 8, 1880, and Feb. 8, 1884. In February, 1885, he was relieved by Grover Cleveland, for offensive partisanship. Prior to this, he held the appointment of Internal Revenue Gauger for the 6th District of Wis- consin. He has held the office of Senior Vice Commander of Lysander Cutler Post No. 55, G. A. R., and is its present Commander, (1888.) Mr. Johnson and Caroline, daugliter of Col. James Alban, were united in marriage Dec, 27, 1875 and they are the parents of two surviving children — Clara Marie and Robert H. A daughter, Maud Cora, died in 1882 when a little more than one j'ear old. EBASTIAN OSTERTAG, of Oshkosh, and a member of G. A. R. Post, 241, was born April 21, 1839 in Wurtem- burg, Germany. He enlisted in the military service of the United States at r'shkosh in April, 1861, in Company E, 2nd Regiment Wisconsin Infantiy. His first enlistment was for three months, but, in common with 35 companies who transferred their enrolment to satisfy the new requisition to three years, he re-enlisted The date of the latter was June 11, 1861. He received honorable discharge June 16, 1864, on account of the expiration of his term. The regiment went into quarters at Camp Randall where its experiences savored of those in a more exposed position in the front, the weather being inclement and clothing and shelter being far from the quality to which they were accustomed. The regiment pro- ceeded to Washington, June 20th, confident that the war would last but a short time and their route to the capital was, for the most part, that of an excursion party until they reached Baltimore when they passed through the city with loaded pieces ready for action if necessary. They remained in Washington and its vicinity until July I5th, when preparations were made for a move forward to join the Union forces in the contemplated attack on Bull Run. Three days later, they arrived at Centerville. An hour after, the brigade re- ceived orders to go on the double quick to the support of General Tyler at Blackburn's Ford. Company E received no injury, although the command was exposed to sharp firing. At the battle of Bull Run, July 21st, Mr. Ostertag was wounded, a shot hitting him in the right thigh. He was taken to the regimental hospital and treated by Dr. Russell, the surgeon in charge. The organization of "The Iron Brigade" appears on many other pages in this work and as a member of the 2nd Wisconsin which formed the nucleus of it, Mr. Ostertag, can say, " of all this I was a part." In the succeeding months of 1861 and the beginning of 1862 the command was in the movements in the vicinity of Washington. In August of that year the movement known to history as " Pope's Re- treat" was made and in the action at Beverly's Ford, on the 21st, Mr. Ostertag was in a skir- mish with the rebels. Seven days later, at the famous battle of Gainesville, he was in the furi- ous encounter with the division of Stonewall PERSONAL RECORDS. 153 Jackson and received a wound in his right liip. He was sent to St. Joseph's hospital at Pliila- delphia where he remained until about a week before Ciiristmas, I8G'2. He was then trans- ferred to Camp Distribution to fully recover health and strength and came home to be mar- ried. Three weeks later, he went to the front to rejoin his TCgiment. The first engagement with the rebels after that of any considerable importance in which he was a participant, was at Chancellorsville during the first days of May and on the seventh of that month the Iron Brigade went to Fitz Hugh's Crossing. In the battle of Gettysburg, Jul}' 1st, Mr. Ostertag was again wounded, a bullet passmg through his left cheek under the e^'e, the missile passing through his face, back of his nose and lodging back of liis right eye near his temple. The ball was removed July 11th, 1863. He was sent to the hospital at West Philadelphia wliich he reached July 9th, and he remained there until April, 1864, when he was trasterred to Washington as a member of the Invalid Corps, in spite of his demand to return to his regiment. He is a great sufferer from the consequences of the last mentioned wound. It is still active and suppuration is constantly going on, necessitating the operation of lancing at intervals to permit the escape of the gath- ered pus. The cutting is done just below the ball of the right eye. His term of service expiring while he was still detained at Washington, he was there dis- charged and returned to Oshkosh. lie had worked on his father's farm previous to his en- listment and, after his return, he entered the employ of the Chicago & Northwestern rail- road company. In November, 1865 he com- menced the sale of groceries and confined to prosecute his interests in that vocation until he went to Appleton, where he remained two years, after which he resumed the grocery bus- iness in Oshkosh. He pursued that line of traffic for a period of 19 years altogether, and in 1884, embarked in the hardware business in which he engaged three years. He is the pos- sessor of a beautiful place, containing 83 acres, situated about two miles from Oshkosh. He is interested in rearing stock and general farm- ing. Mr. Ostertag was a lad of eight years when his parents, Valentine and Mary (Ruedinger) Oster- tag, removed their family to America. They landed at New York nnd came at once to Osh- kosh. Both of them are still living. Mr. Os- tertag was married Jan. 20, 1862, to Sophia Kuebler. Their children are named .lohn Albert, Edward Sebastian, Ida Mary, Catherine (died March 26, 1868, aged 16 months), Theo- dore Louis and Lydia Helena Sophia. Tiie last child died Oct. 15th, 1879, at the age of nine years and six months. April 8, 1880, Mr. Ostertag was made Cap- tain of the military organization known as the Oshkosh Rifies. He retained the position a year, and, after seeing the Company well drilled and uniformed, resigned on account of his pre- carious state of health. John Ostertag, his brother, enlisted in the 26th Wisconsin, Co. E., in the fall of 1861 and died in May, 1864, at Chattanooga, Tenn. .■7^;^^ RADFORD P. RAYMOND, President "" of Lawrence University at Appleton, Wis., and a former soldier of the Civil War, was born April 22, 1846, in Stamford, Fairfield Co., Conn. He repre- sents stock which was identified with the earliest history of the country, being a descen- dant in the eighth remove from Richard Raj'- niond, an Englishman, who came hither in 1634 and, after a residence in Massachusetts of some years, removed in 1662 to Connecticut. John, Thomas, Abraham (1st), Abraham (2nd), David, Gould and Lewis were the names of the forbears of President Raymond in order of descent, and they were all born in Connecticut. The patronymic is one that has been recorded in the history of the country at various dates with honor and distinction in public relations and in intellectual, social and other avenues re- flecting credit on each sucessive generation. Lewis Raymond married Sallie A. Jones and President Raymond is their fourth child and son. He received a common school education at Stamford and improved every advantage which these institutions afforded. He com- menced the profession of his life at an early age and taught several terms of school before he entered the army, wliich he did as soon as it was po.ssible for him to enlist. Pie was only 15 when the factional struggle began and when he was 18 he became a soldier in defense of an integral Union. He enlisted Sep. 27, 1864, at New York as a recruit in Company K, 154 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF 48th New York Infantry, for one year, and received honorable discharge Sept. 29, 1865, at New York, the war being over. He joint his regiment at Chapin's Farm, Va., and was with the command of General Butler when that officer made the fruitless expedition to Fort, Fisher and returned to the same location in Virginia. President Raymond was in the second expedition to Fort Fisher under Gen- eral Terry and was first in active warfare in one of the most notable actions of the war, with the Army of the James. When the movement to co-operate with Sherman was inaugurated. General Schofield j)repared for the occupation of Wilmington and President Raymond was one of a detail of 100 men, who followed in the rear of the advance to facilitate the movements of the forces, which were to follow, which body acted as repair guard. After Goldsboro was reached he became ill and was sent to hospital. After some time he rejoined his regiment at Goldsboro and was almost immediatly con- demned by the medical authorities as phyically unfit for active duty at the front and he was sent successively to hospitals at Newbern and Fort Schuyler. July 3rd, 1865 he received sick furlough and went home to Connecticut in broken health and remained there until dis- charged. He returned home and resumed his business as a teacher. In the spring of 1866 he went to Minnesota and, in the ensuing autumn, entered Hamlin University at Red Wing, Minnesota. He studied there three years and in 1869 ma- triculated at Lawrence University, whence he was graduated in 1870. He next studied theo- logy at the Boston Theological Seminary and filled his first pastorate in New Bedford, where he officiated three years as a mini.ster of the Metho- dist Church and then served the Chestnut St. Church in Providence, R. I., a similar period. In 1870 he went abroad to obtain the advan- tages of the universities of Leipsic and Got- tingen and passed a year in those institutions. After his return to his native country he was assigned tothe pastorate of a church at Nashua, N. fl., and, in the third yearof his labors there, he received a call to the incumbency which he is still holding and has discharged the duties of executive head of Lawrence University since 1883. The institution is under the special auspices of the Methodist Church in Wisconsin and in his management of his trust President Raymond has honored himself in the most conspicuous manner. In adding a tribute to his character and life the hand which traces this plain account falters. It is not an easy task to add words which shall adequately portray them to the generations of the future, who will read of him in the coming years. Perhaps his own words to the graduating class of Lawrence University in 1888 (current year) will best ac- complish the purpose, as it is believed that, if his voice could forever reach the generations of the earth it would bear to them this message: — "Strive to accomplish the best aspirations of the best moments you ever saw." If he could himself choose his memorial it would be "I have tried to be a faithful teacher." Sep. 18, 1873 lie was married to Lulu A., daughter of J. 0. Rich. Of this union four children have been born. Watson, the first born child, died in early infancy. Alice J., Harold B. and Ruth are those who survive. DWARD M. KANOUSE, M. D., a . ^ prominent physician at Wausau, \!^ Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 55, was born March 6, J 843 at Saline, Washtenau Co., Mich. He is the son of Elijah D. and Sarah (Wood) Kanouse. The latter was born in New York and the former is a native of New Jersey and a practicing physician at Madison, Wis. Theodore D. Kanouse, brother of Dr. E. D. Kanouse, has been promin ent in temperance work in Wisconsin for many years ; he has held the position of G. W. C. of the Order of Good Templars, and has occupied the chair of the International body, the higliest in the world, of Good Templars. Ira M. Kanouse, another brother, was in the 3rd Wisconsin Battery. Dr. Kanouse was reared by his parents and removed with them to Wisconsin. When he was 18 years of age he enlisted, Sep. J 8, 1861, in the 3rd Battery Wisconsin Light Artillery, enrolling for three years and, during his term of service, was made Corporal and was dis- charged as such Sept. 24, 1864, at Madison. He was first in action at Pittsburg Landing, the batter}' arriving on the field late in the after- noon of April 7th and afterwards Dr. Kanouse was at the siege of Corinth and crossed the State of Alabama with his command and en- gaged in the destruction of the railroads and all PERSONAL RECORDS. 155 appurtenances thereto so far as possible, going into camp at Battle Creek below Chattanooga HI the Sequatchie Valley. The opposite .side of the river was jiicketed with rebels with whom the soldiers had frequent conversation. August 20tli orders were received to move without noise across the river whence the command was to go to Louisville in pursuit of Bragg on the line between the rebels and Buell. Bragg was fly- ing witli the spoils he bad collected in Ken- tucky, and at Perryviile the forces met in heavy battle. (In this fight the affair occurred which resulted in the removal of Buell from the Fed- eral army). On re-organization, the Army of the Ohio became the Army of the Cumberland in- cluding tlie 14th corps under Thomas, the 20tii under McCook and the ■21st under (!rittenden. The 3rd Wisconsin Battery was assigned to the 21st and went to Columbia, Ky., and thence, at the close of the year to the battle field of Stone River, where the command assisted in the de- cisive action that saved that almost hopeless field. L. H. Drury, captain of Battery 3, Wisconsin Artillery, was made Crittenden's chief of artillery and he conducted 4he can- nonade which was supported by three regi- ments under Negley. July 5t]i, the battery marched to McMinnville and, ten days later, was engaged in raiding on the Cumberland River. In the fight at Chickamauga, the bat- tery was on Crittenden's right where the inci- dent of the "gap" occurred. Dense clouds of dust obscured the flags and uniforms and, the rebels filling the gap with a large force, "the right" found themselves under simultaneous fire from front and right and were obliged to move to the rear and were cut off from the main army. Dr. Kanouse received a bullet in his right side while sighting liis gun ; most of the men were taken prisoners ; five guns were lost and one was pulled off the field by hand, the horses being killed. The bullet entered the body of Dr. Kanouse in the right armpit, passed under the spine and emerged at the point of the left shoulder blade. He was wounded about noon Sept. 20, 1863, and he was assisted from the field by Asa C. Gardner and Daniel Graham. They walked four and a half miles towards Chattanooga during the night. Graham halted an ambulance and induced the driver to permit Kanouse to ride on the seat with him and he reached Chattanooga in the forenoon of the next day. He was conducted to the Baptisi Church wluch was full of dead and dying men. Three days aiterwards the wound of Dr. Kanouse was dressed by Surgeon Sim- mons of Cincinnati and, about ten days after, he was sent in a baggage wagon to Stevenson, Ala , whence he proceeded to Cumberland hospital at Nashville, travelling on a flat car. He came home on furlough the last of October, and, on reporting at headquarters at Madison, he was sent to Harvey hospital, whence he was transferred to the Veteran Reserve Corps, Com- pany 146, 2nd Battalion. Dr. A. W. Kanouse, a physician at Appleton, belonged to the same battery in which he enlisted as a recruit after Chickamauga and was discharged in July, 1865. Dr. Kanouse was married Dec. 31, 1868, to Edna Beecham who died in 1878 leaving one son — Robert B. He was again married Nov. 13, 1881, to Alice Z. Randall whose parents live in Ottumwa, Iowa. Robert and Henry Beecham, brothers of the first wife, were sol- diers in the United States service. Dr. Kanouse obtained his elementary educa- tion in the common school and attended a sem- inary at Sun Prairie two years. Afterwards, he studied medicine with his father and entered Hahhnemann College at Chicago whence he was graduated with his brother, A. W. Kanouse. He commenced practice at Columbus, Wis., and removed after a year to Appleton. He con- ducted his business there three years and located at Wausau in 1883. He is a physician of the homeopathic school and occupies a position among the leading practitioners in Marathon county. He is a man of cultivated tastes, of unimpeachable integrity and enjoys the confidence of of a large number of patrons as a skilful an dconscientious physi- cian. He occupies a prominent position in the Grand Army Post at Wausau. OBERT SIMS THOMPSON, of An- tigo, a member of G. A. R. Post No. 78 was born April 7, 1828, in Ant- werp, Jefferson Co., New York, and is the son of Isaac and Lydia (Simms) Thomp- son. The former was a native of Connecticut and the family he represents were settlers in America in its earliest history. He was a soldier in the war of 1812 and fought at Sack- ett's Harbor. The mother was born in Scot- 156 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF land. Mr. Thompson came from his native Stale to Wisconsin in 1853 and settled at Green Bay. His first business was as an employe in a woolen mill and later, he acquired a knowl- edge of the business of a carpenter in which lie continued to operate until he became a soldier. He followed his trade at Green Bay, Oconto and Menasha and left his family in the latter place, when he entered tlie militai'y service of the United States. June 11, 1861, he enlisted as a musician in the '2nd Wisconsin Infantry with the pay of a first-class musician and was one of those to suffer from the reduction, when musicians were discharged by General Order, to the pay of a common soldier. He played the E flat tuba and was to receive pay accordingly, $34 a month. As in many similar instances his family paid the penalty. He was with his regiment in all the emergencies of the first Bull Run, having passed through those at Blackburn's Ford and after the disaster passed through the skirmish at Cub Run at Center- ville. After the reorganization he was in the preparations for action at Manassas and was exposed to the masked batteries, and after the discovery of the evacuation crossed the road to the support of Carlyle's Battery. In the action there tlie surgeon of the regiment, in command of a squad of men, one of whom was Mr. Thompson, rushed into the thickest action to take away the wounded. One of the brothers of Mr. Thompson was Lieut.-Colonel of the 3rd Pennsylvania Reserve Corps and resigned to accept a position as Chief Engineer of the steamer Atlanta, (a rebel prize), and while act- ing in that capacity he went ashore at Charles- ton, S. C, where he was called on to examine a torpedo which burst and tore him to pieces, only his hands and feet being recovered. He was a soldier throughout the entire Mexi- can war. Mr. Thompson was discharged Nov. 15, 1861, at Camp Til linghast, Va., according to Paragraph 3, G. 0. No. 91, issued Oct. 26th, of the same year. He returned to Neenah after being dis- charged, where he followed his trade until the fall of 1883, when he became a citizen of An- tigo and has been since identified with the growth of the place. He has held local offices in several places where he has resided. Oct. 30, 1848, he was married to Minerva C. Monroe. Two children — Irwin Adolph and Effie Alwilda, survive. The son married Ella Lawton, who died, leaving two daughters — Nanine Minerva and Bessie. Four of the children born to Mr. and Mrs. Thompson are deceased. Ambrose Eugene died at 14, Helen at nine months, Ada May at five months and another daughter with the same name at five years of age. John Smith Monroe, the father of Mrs. Thompson, was born in Russia. He came to this country with Jerome Bonaparte, who married Miss Patterson of Baltimore. Mr. Monroe was one of the soldiers of the first Na- poleon, and died when his daughter was five years old. His wife was Sarah Chapman and was born in Connecticut. He died at 50 after fighting in the war of 1812. LARK P. SKIDMORE, a resident and pioneer citizen of Stockbridge, Calu- met Co., Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 40, was born Feb. 27, 1831, in Bangor, Franklin Co., New York. His par- ents, Carlos and Minerva (Keeler) Skidmore, were both born in Sandgate, Bennington Co., Vermont, and his father was a practicing phy- sician there for several years. He removed his family thence to Bangor soon after the war of 1812, and in February, 1840, made another transfer of his interests to Jefferson county in that State. In July, 1851, he came West and located at Stockbridge. He continued in active practice until his death, which occurred in 1864, when he was 70 years old. The mother died in 1880, aged 80 years. Their family in- cluded four sons and two daughters. The lat- ter are living. Mr. Skidmore is the only surviving son. He remained under the care and authority of his parents until he was 19 when he went to work on a sailing vessel on Lake Ontario where he was employed through the season of 1849. In 1850 he came to Wisconsin and became a farmer on the property of which he is now the proprietor and which he purchased of the U. S. government in 1866. He enlisted Oct., 1864, in Company K, 4th Wisconsin Cavalry for one year or during the war. That command was then stationed at Baton Rouge in the land of guerrillas and bushwhackers and he joined the regiment at that place and was afterwards identified with the activities in which Company K was involved. The service was vigorous and active and Mr. Skidmore was occupied in picket PERSONAL RECORDS. 157 duty, in scouting and skirmishing and driving busliwluickers until the command was ordered to participate in tlie siege of Mobile and went to Spanish Fort. That stronghold of the rebels surrendered to the Union arms April 9th, 1865, and at nightfall the forces reached Fort Blakely to find it in the possession of the federal troops, and went thence to the suppression of rebellion in Alabama and went into Georgia. During the closing period Mr. Skidmore was a partici- pant in the long march across the State of Mis- sissippi, enduring a ride of about 70 days in duration. lie was with his regiment through- out, although ill with fever and chronic diarr- htt'a. He was advised by an old physician not to take medicine for the latter complaint but to get home as quickly as possible, and to this he attriliutes his entire recovery. He received honorable discharge in .June at Vicksburg and returned to Stockbridge. In the following year he became the owner by purchase of the farm which is still his property and on which he has pursued agriculture as a vocation. It is a fine and valuable place and is under excellent im- provements, with suitable and valuable farm buildings. In 1873 he built thereon the first cheese factory in Calumet county and has had a large and prosperous business. He is one of the substantial farmers of Calumet county and of Wisconsin and, like all that fraternity, has earned the position by effort and integrity. He is a Republican of fixed principles. He was an old line Whig in the days preceding the exist- ence of the party whose principles he has adopted, and transferred his allegiance to the element in American politics whicii he under- stood to subserve the interests of the working classes. He was married Jan. 10, 1856, to Caroline E. Prentis of Stockbridge. They became the par- ents of four children named Cora, Vashti, Henry and Eugene. Coi-a and Eugene are not living and their mother died Nov. 28, 1868, aged 37 years. Mr. Skidmore married Abbie E. Flower Oct. 10, 1869, and their four children are named Lester, Elwin, Louis and Grace. The mother died .July 10, 1884. Mr. Skidmore has served his township as Chairman of the Town Board, Town Clerk, Superintendent and Justice of the Peace. ■>-;>t^-~lM^^^<^ifS~-<^iti-^ T&^r ERMAN WERNER, /I V' K Maple Grove, Wis., IF^I ^^- A. R. Post No of the town of is a member of No. 222. He was boi'n in Gross Carbetha, Saxony, Prussia, March 22, 1839, and his parents, God- fried and Maria Rosina (Zieraer) were natives of the same i)lace in " Der Faderland." The family, including himself, father and mother and three sisters, came to America in 1856 and they located at Maple Grove, Wis. , A brother, Charles, is a resident of Paris, France, where he was married previous to the removal of his father to America. Amelia married Christian Horn in Brillion in 1857 ; her children are named Henry, Herman and Carolina. Hannah Rosina was married in 1857 to Hugo Jugel and she is tiie mother of 12 children. Carolina Sophia married C. SchoetHer of Chicago and has two children. Sept. 21, 1861, Mr. Werner enlisted in Com- pany B, 9th Wisconsin Infantry, at Manitowoc, Wis., for three years and received honorable discharge at Milwaukee, Dec. 3rd, 1864, his term of enlistment having expired. The "9th" is known to the history as the German regi- ment of Wisconsin and, from Milwaukee, the command went to Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. They marched 160 miles to Fort Scott and, in June, went to Baxter's Springs. Many skir- mishes took place and, in July, the command went to Flat Rock Creek. Later, it did heavy marching in Missouri and, on the organization of the "Army of the frontier", the 9th was placed in the command of General Blunt. Newtonia was the first battle in which Mr. Werner took part, although he was involved in considerable skirmishing. He did an immense amount of marching in Arkansas, chasing rebels who evaded battle and, later, he was occupied in guarding trains. He marched to Prairie Grove and back to Rheas' Mills and, afterwards, to Van Buren, returning to the Mills. In patrol, picket guard, forage and march, a large amount of time was passed and, in 1804, the regiment was attached to the Red River expedition. April 2nd, Mr. Werner was in heavy skirmishing with rebels, fighting Marmaduke's band near the junction of the Washington and Camden road. The expedi- tion proving a failure before the 9th made connection, the regiment returned to Little Rock. On the route, the battle of Jenkin's Ferry occurred, in which the " 9th " won its hijnors. Afterwards Company B was engaged 158 SOLDIERS* ALBUM OF in the construction of forts at Little Rock. On tlie 3rd of December, Mr. Werner was mustered out at Milwaukee and returned to Wisconsin. After the war, he went to Maple Grove and has since engaged in farming with success, such as industry, thrift and integrity secure to those who put these traits into practical oper- ation. In 1865, Mr. Werner was married to Anna Hieckey and they have 10 children as follows : — Mary Ann, Charles Frederick, Daniel God- fried, Herman, John, Henry, William, Dennis, Robert and Phillip. Joseph died when a few weeks old. ^, V 5 — n — — ' V > ''/ ELOFTUS D. FORBES, editor and proprietor of the Central Union, pub- lished at Westfield, Marquette Co., Wis., was born May 12, 1836, at Litchfield, Medina Co., Ohio, and is of mixed Scotch and Irish extraction. His father was a descendant of a generation closely allied to a chief of a Highland clan and the ancestral blood of his mother was Irish. His paternal great grandfather removed to America in its early days and was a patriot of the Revolution. The parents of Mr. Forbes were representatives of the best types of the respective nationalities to which they are allied ; the mother was a woman of refinement and exalted character and the father was a man of wide information, reflective habits and a true son of the Republic; he was for many years a practicing physician of repute and, when his son was still in child- hood removed his family to Lorain county, Ohio, and in 1847 made a transfer of his interests and family to Wisconsin, the trip to the Bad- ger State being made overland in a "prairie schooner" to Sun Prairie in the vicinity of Madison. In 1848 a removal to Doilge county was effected and they settled ni the town of Mayville, then in its primal condition with un- cut forests and uninhabited acres. Mr. Forbes obtained all the education possi- ble in the common schools of that period and, at 18, turned his acquirements to practical purpose, commenting to teach in winter schools. Alternate summers he worked as a carpenter, of which business he had gained a considerable knowledge in a short apj)renticeship. In 1858, when 22 years old, he went to Marquette county and taught school at Packwaukee. In August, 1862, he enlisted in the 32nd Wisconsin Infantry and, at the organization of Company G, was elected 2nd Lieutenant but was refused commission on account of an Order from the War Department which provided for the muster of subordinate officers from veter- ans who had seen service. (At that period of the war it was almost an absolute necessity that all ofticers sliould be acquainted with military drill, in order that regiments might be placed in active duty with all possible dispatch.) Mr. Forbes was mustered into service at Oshkosh as 4th Sergeant. In November, 1862, the "82nd" was assigned to garrison duty at Memphis and in Januar\', 1863; Mr. Forbes was commissioned 2nd Lieutenant and was in the service until De- cember when ill health compelled his resigna- tion. September 20, 1864 after enlistment in in Company I, 1st Wisconsin Heavy Artillery he was mustered into service as Orderly Sergeant ; May 8th, 1865, he was promoted to 2nd Lieutenant and was mustered out as such June 26, 1865. The service of Mr. Forbes under bis first enlistment included the duty per- formed at Memphis, the expedition to Holly Springs and Oxford, the return to the former place and the march to Grand Junction on whieh he experienced much suffering from unremitting marching. He went next in pursuit of Forrest through Tennessee, moving with the regiment throughout that service and re- turning to Memphis where he was engaged in provost duty until November, failing health prevented his performing further active service and he resigned as stated. After his second enlistment he went with his command to Wash- ington where he was assigned to garrison duty and acquired a complete knowledge of military drill in three branches of service, including in- fantry and heavy artillery tactics which occu- pied his entire time in connection with camp, garrison and other duties to which he was as- signed in the defenses of the Capital. After the war, Mr. Forbes located at Packwaukee and resumed teaching. In 1867 he removed to Mil- waukee to operate on the editorial staff of the EvMing Wiscmi»ki where he was employed nearly three years and resigned his position in the spring of 1870, his health becoming im- pairied through application to business. He ob- tained a position as principal of the Montello school which he filled through the winter of 1870-1, and in the autum of the latter year was elected Superintendent of schools in Mar- PERSONAL RECORDS. 159 quette county, whicli lie filled one year. The winter of 1873-4 lie spent at Madison in the capacity of Legislative rejjorter and coiTespon- dent for the Evening Wisconsin. Li 1877 he re- moved to Westfield where he established the journal on which he has since been occupied and which he has conducted successfully. He was married .lune 30, 1860, to Miss Si- milde E. Pond of Springfield, Wis., and they have three sons and two daughters. They are named in the order of birth, Anne E., Wilbur E., Florence E., Clarence A., and Freddie L. Mr. Forbes is a stanch republican in politics. /^^ EORGE R. GARDNER, a resident of |' > ,V Grand Rapids, Wis., member of G. \^A A. R. Post, No. 22, was born .Ian. 19, 1837, at Horsehead, Chemung Co., New York, and is the son of George E. and Mary Ann (Monroe) Gardner. His father was born near Newberg, New York, and his mother in Pennsylvania. His grandfather in the pa- ternal line was a soldier in 1812. His parents left Horsehead wheu he was an infant and went to a farm on a section of country in the vicinity, known as the Big Flat. When he was eight years old liis parents removed to the town of Corning, Steuben county and lie was brought up as a farmer's son until he reached the age of legal manhood, when he came to Wisconsin, to make a start for himself in the world and he worked on farms in summer and taught school winters until the Spring of 1859, wlien he returned to Steuben county to l)e near his father who was about to have an operation for cancer. He worked as a farm assistant one summer and attended Franklin Academy at Plattsburg, Steuben county. He managed his affairs frugally and judiciously and, in the fol- lowing year, became a regular student at the academy mentioned with a view of entering college as a sophomore in order to save two years collegiate expenses. He had grown up in a State where political issues were thor- oughly understood and discussed by all classes of people and had taken a deep interest in the progress of National events and, when the war came on, in' the spring of 1861, he was among those who enlisted in tiie three months service, and enrolled at Naples, New York. Before the company was formed, orders were issued from the War Department to muster no more three- months men and he returned to liis studies and in the summer went to work in Rushville, Ontario county through the harvest season, but his plans were arrested by the disaster at Bull Run and he determined to go direct to headquarters where he could enter immedi- ately upon active service. He collected the money he had earned and went to the city of New York. He enlisted August 11, 1861 in Company" E, 48th New York Infantry for three years. The regiment went into rendezvous at Camp Wyman in the rear of Fort Hamilton on Long Island, and went from there to Washing- ton, proceeding thence to Annapolis and For- tress Monroe on the steamer Empire City. The regiment was assigned to the troops of General W. T. Sherman in command of the land forces in the Port Royal expedition and the force sailed Oct. 29, 1861, for the scene of action. The naval force under Dupont cap- tured Fort Beauregard on Hilton head and Fort Walker on the Island of St. Helena and the land forces disembarked and spent the winter on the island where they threw up earlhwoi'ks. .Jan. 1, 1862, an expedition was made to a ferry above Beaufort in whicli Mr. Gardner was in a sharp skirmish. In February, a series of operations were inaugur- ated whicli resulted in the bombardment and capture of Fort Pulaski, whicli involved a great amount of labor and building of corduroy roads across the swamps. Forts were built in the canes and communication was severed be- tween Savannah and Fort Pulaski which was taken April 11, 1862. This was tiie beginning of General Gilmore's planting batteries on swamps to reach points considered wiioUy pro- tected by impassable morasses by the rebels. In May, the 48tli New York and 3rd R. I. Bat- tery were stationed in the fort on garrison duty and they picketed the river and made various expeditions, in one of which, Bhitt'ton, S. C, the rebels were routed. The exjiedition was made on the " Planter," the rebel steamer which was transferred to the Union fleet by her pilot, Robert Small, who thereby fixed his name in- delibly on the pages of history. During the summer, .lames Perry, colonel of the 48tli, a West Point officer and a Methodist minister in charge of a Brooklyn church at the time of the organisation of the Regiment, died at Fort Pul- aski. General 0. M. Mitchell, the celebrated astronomer, died at Hilton Head in October 160 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF previous of yellow fever. During that year, Mr. Gardner participated in all sorts of expedi- tions, one of which went to Pocotaligo to de- stroy a railroad bridge ; they fired into a train loaded with rebels and the engineer " pulled her right open and lit out right lively." The chaplain of the regiment, Rev. Strick- land became so enthusiastic that he toak a musket and fought in the ranks. In .June, 1863, they left the fort and went into camp on St. Helena Island, where they drilled and-reorgan- ized under General Strong of New York. .July 4th the " 4Sth " embarked on the transport " De Ford " for Folly Island, Charleston Harbor, to take part in the operations against Charles- ton, and Mr. Gardner with his command was on Folly Island when General Gilraore com- menced firing on the rebels on Morris Island. He was among those who crossed under the fire of the battery and assisted in the capture of the lower end of Morris Island under the guns of Fort Wagner. The day was excessively hot and the 4Sth passed over the sandbar at low tide on the double quick. The sand was satu- rated and was like a (juick sand to a depth of eight inches. The troops packed the wet .sand in their caps as protection against the rays of the sun. They drove the rebels into the fort and on the next day a charge was made which was unsuccessful. On the night of July LSth the 48th, with the balance of the brigade, made a charge on the fort on the double quick. One of the assaulting regiments was the celebrated 54th Massachusetts, colored troops, under Colo- nel Robert Shaw. This was the charge in which the gallant Shaw was killed and his body placed in a pit and covered with the bod- ies of his dead soldiers as a mark of indignity from tlie rebel standpoint but, if Colonel Shaw could have chosen, he would have selected no other monument. (From this fort the first shot of the rebellion was fired.) The charge was a failure and in that action in which Gen- eral Strong, commander of the brigade. Colo- nels Chatfield, Putnam and Shaw of the com- mand, were either killed or died of wounds. Mr. Gardner was injured in his right arm by a cannister shot and was removed and his arm amputated near the shoulder. His regiment was with the remainder of the brigade but was not supported and many were killed in the bastion of Fort Wagner, which the assaulting troops held for two or three hours. Mr.*Gard- ner went to Hilton Head hospital where the amputation was performed on the third day, so many requiring attention that his case was nec- essarily deferred. He remained at Hilton Head until November, 1863, when he was hon- orably discharged and returned to New York City on the steamer Fulton, which captured a rebel blockade runner on the way. She was a small, low-built steel vessel called the " Ban- shee " and was towed into New York Harbor. Mr. Gardner returned to his father's house in Schuyler county whither his parents had re- moved during his last year at school. He reached home at midnight, when he met his father, who was the first man he saw, whom he had ever seen before since he left home to enlist. It was Thanksgiving eve, in November, 1863. He had sent home all his earnings and with his small fortune he secured a scholarship in Gene- see college at Lima, New York, and entered upon his studies in the middle oftbeterm with his arm still unhealed. He remained in college through the winter and spring term of 1SG4, when he was obliged to resign his cherished plan of going through a collegiate course and re- turned to his father's home, who was di-sabled from a cancer. Mr. Gardner performed all the labor necessary, cutting firewood with his one hand and pitching grain through the harvest season. In the fall of 1864, he borrowed law books of Judge Rood of Watkins and studied law by himself as he had opportunity. Judge Rood took a paternal interest in him and in- duced him to enter his office and study regularly. He arranged things so he could leave home and every Monday morning walked seven miles, carrying a bag of cooked provision and slept during the week on a cot in the rear ottice, re- turning home every Saturday. His father died in 1866 and he continued his studies as he could until 1867, when he was admitted to practice in the State courts at Binghamton, passing a creditable examination ni open court. He formed a partnershij) with Judge Rood which was in existence until the spring of 1870. The niother of Mr. Gardner died when he was six years old and at the date last mentioned he severed his relations with Judge Rood and went to Breckenridge, Mo., where he entered upon the practice of law. The cause of his selection of a location was the removal of his sister to that portion of the United States ; she had been his housekeeper and on her marriage removed to Missouri. In the fall of 1873 Mr. Gardner came to Wisconsin to visit his sister in Coluni- PERSONAL RECORDS. 161 bill county, lii ■lanuary, 1873, he was married to Rachel J. Delauy and liis wife preleri'ing to remain in Wisconsin, lieestablisiieci iiis lousiness at Grand Rapids where he has continued his professional practice as an attorney. During the first year of his residence in Wisconsin he was apjiointed District Attorney by Governor Washburn to fill a vacancy and was elected to the same incumbency in 1.S74. He was after- wards elected Judge of Wood county and in 1882, was elected to the Assembly of Wisconsin and served in the session of 1883. He has officiated as Maj or of Grand Rapids and as Supervisor several terms. Mr. and Mrs. Gardner have four children named .Jennie, George E., Mabel and Harry I. Mr. Gardner is a man who occupies a lead- ing position in Wood county and the com- munity of which he is a member from the sterling point.'^ of merit in his character. In all his relations to the period in which he has lived he has sustained liimself in a manner consistent with the character displayed in the earh' portion of his life before he made ac- quanitance with the turmoil and experiences of busy life. He is the friend of all who need his assistance and advice, especially among the younger members of tlie legal fraternity and he is as prominent for his kindness of heart as he is for his recognised abilities in his profession. He is an attorney ot higli standing and a gentle- man of stainless repute. LLOYD JONES, member of the law firm of Gate, Jones & Sanborn, I at Stevens Point, belonging to G. A. R. Post No. 156, was born Oct. 9, 1841, in the parish of Llaniair in Denbigh, shire. North Wales, and is the son of Edward and Anne Maria (Lloyd) Jones. The forbears of the family for many generations were resi- dents of Wales and were farmers. Mr. Jones was born on a farm, reclaimed by his ancestors from the mountains of North Wales, an exten- sive piece of property called Graig Cottage, as significant of its mountainous character, and it means stone or rock. The family belonged to the intelligent and well-to-do class and the senior Jones represented the grade of society known in polite circles as "country gentlemen." Anna Maria (Jones) Randall resides m Chicago, and Walter Cyril Jones and Edward Trevor Jones in Evanston, 111., and are the brothers and sis- ter of Mr. Jones of this account and the three are the only members of their direct family in America. Mr. Jones was less than 17 years old when, in the latter part of June, 1858, he came to the United States. In his native coun- try he had excellent educational advantages in the parish schools of Wales and in a Church .school at Wrexham in his native county. Be- fore he was 15 years old, he obtained a position in the North and South Wales banking house, in whicli he operated in a clerical ca])acity from February 18, 185(), to the .same date in 1858. Soon after his arrival in the United States he came to Wisconsin and went to work on a farm near Waukesha. A week later he went to Winnebago count)' and was occupied as a farm assistant until the spring of 1860. He went thence to Fo.x Lake, Wis., where he was en- gaged on a farm until he entered the army. He enlisted Dec. 9, 1861, at Beaver Dam in Company C, 16tli Wisconsin Infantry, for three years. In the course of his military experi- ence, Mr. Jones was made Corporal and in Oc- tober, 1862, after the battle of (Jorinth he was made Orderly Sergeant of his company and after the battle of Bald Hill, in which he dis- tinguished himself by the quality of his fight- ing and was wounded, he was promoted to '2nd Lieutenant. In February, 1865, he was made Adjutant of his regiment and mustered out as such July 12, 1865, at Louisville, Ky. Mr. Jones jmssed through all the preliminary move- ments of the regiment in camp at Madison and left Wisconsin in March and on arrival at St. Louis was assigned to the command of Gen- eral Grant. The " clans were gathering for the fray," and Mr. Jones was in the heavy ac- tion at Pittsburg Landing, which was his first acquaintance with armed rebellion. The ros- ter of his battles includes the names of Corinth, siege and battle, the march to Grand Junction, the movement which was terminated by the loss of the stores at Holly Springs, the guard- ing of the Memphis and Charleston railroad, the movement to Memphis, Lake Providence and the skirmishes in that vicinity, and moved thence to \'icksburg where he was engaged ni frequent skirmi.shes until February, 1864, when the 16th was incorporated with the garrison in Vicksburg. After his return to that place, he received a furlough of 30 days and rejoined the regiment at Red Bone Church near Vicksburg. He veteranized in January and 162 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF returned to Wisconsin on his veteran's fur- lougli in March and on his return with his regiment joined a portion of tlie 17tli corps and went to Chfton on the Tennessee River, arriv- ing May 15th. The histor^^ of Mr. .Jones' movements is identical thereafter with that of his corps in the army of Sherman and he was in the fight linown as Big Shanty in .June. His company was in tlie advance slcirmisli line and was in severe battle. He continued to fight in the several actions known as Kenesaw Moun- tain and at Bald Hill (IjCggett's Hill). He is the first man named in the dispatches from his company as wounded. He remained in the vicinity of Atlanta until October, when Hood cut their communication and they went in pursuit of him to Galesville, Ala., and then moved witli Siierman's columns on the Savan- nah campaign and performed the same duties as did others along the line to Washington where he was in the Grand Review. He was sick during the fight at luka and afterwards passed a week in the regimental hospital. This was his only illness during the war. In the charge at Bald Hill made by the 12th and 16th Wisconsin Infantry, he was wounded by a bul- let which entei'ed the left side of his neck at the base of his brain passing through .to the right side and inflicting a bad wound from its proximity to the spine and the shock given to the nervous system. He went to the hos]>ital at Marijetta and thence to Rome and joined the command at Atlanta. After the close of the war, Mr. Jones was tendered a position in a cotton warehouse ■ at Vicksburg, but remembrances of former friends at Fox Lake induced him to return to that place and he assumed the management of the farm of his former employer. Jan. 1, 1806, William E. Smith, Treasurer of Wisconsin, • appointed him to a position in his ottice and he served with him and his successor Henry Baetz until Oct. 20, 1871. In 1808 he com- menced the study of law and also attended lec- tures in the Law Department of Madison Uni- versity, whence he was graduated in June, 1871. At the date mentioned he resigned his position in the Treasurer's office and removed to Stev- ens Point. He iormed a business relation with Gilbert L. Park, which was terminated bj' the appointment of his associate as Judge of the 7th Judicial Circuit of Wisconsin. Mr. Jones practiced his profession singly until August, 1876, when he became associated with A. W. Sanborn under the style of Jones & Sanborn and their joint relations have been sustained since that date. March 1, 188fi, Judge Gate became a member of the firm, the style becom- ing Gate, Jones & Sanborn. The clientage of the concern is extensive and includes import- ant cases in the Gircuit and Supreme Gourts of Wisconsin and in the District Courts of the United States. The repute of the partner.ship is equal to that of any law firm in Wisconsin and their business relations are regulated accordingly. Mr. Jones has been prominent in his connec- tion with local municipal affairs in Stevens Point since he established his citizenship there. He has officiated as City Attorney one year and as Member of the Council and President of that body. He has acted in the capacity of United States Commissioner and occupied other posi- tions of responsil)ility and trust. He is one of the most prominent Masons in Northern Wis- consin and has passed most of the grades of official position in the branches of the Order to which he belongs. He has been High Priest of the Chapter and Eminent Commander of Crusade Commandery since the date of its organization, with the exception of one year, when he declined to serve. He has been Grand Senior Warden of the Grand Commander}' of the State of Wisconsin. He is a member of the Wisconsin Consistory and has taken the o2nd Degree, Scottish Rite. On the organization of the Post at Stevens Point he was made its first Commander but declined to serve on account of press of his business. He was married May 1, 1867, to Addie E. Purple at Madison, and they have two children — Grace Purple and Chauncey Lloyd. Her father was Assistant Treasurer of Wisconsin and the family is from Cayuga, New York, and of New York stock. The brother of Mr. Jones, E. T. Jones, was a soldier in the 2Gth Ohio Infantry, and was wounded and captured by the rebels at Franklin. I [?^ RANK E. ADSIT, a merchant of Ap- A L' --4 pleton, Wis., and one of its foremost l(vy— . citizens in repute and probity of char- v acter, was born July 28, 1839, in Ches- terfield, Essex Co., New York. He had reached the age of legal manhood when he felt himself PERSONAL RECORDS. led called to serve the country of his birtli and to aid to reestalilish the conditions which made a life therein desirable, and he enlisted in October, 1861, in North Lawrence, in his native State tor three years in G Company, 92nd Regiment, New York Lifantry. He received honorable discharge at Fort McHenry, Baltimore, Md., on account of deafness. After the regiment was mustered in, little time was lost before it was assigned to the Army of the Potomac under McClellan, and was soon at the scene of activi- ties. The roster of battles in which Mr. Adsit was engaged is as follows and besides these, he performed all the duties pertaining to drill, guard, picket and skirmishing. His battles were Manassas, Williamsburg, Hanover, Fair Oaks, Oak Grove, the battles of the seven days retreat, and in others of that hapless campaign. In the swamps of the Chickahominy he contracted a fever which caused his permanent deafness, and on account of which he received honoi'a- ble discharge in the fall of 1863. He passed the first two years after his return in an endeavor to regain his health, after which he went into the grocery business, in- vesting $375 in an outfit and locating at Ciiateaugay, New York. He attended to his business relations in a manner that ensured the success he sought and in 1867 he came to Ap- pleton, then containing about 3,000 inhabitants. Mr. Adsit has since been identified with the material progress of the place and has invested his gains to the advantage of the community at large as well as to his own. The Adsit Block is a monument to his thrift and energy, and the interest he takes in the appearance of the business portion of the place. He has operated since as a merchant. He is the son of Ellis and Emeline (Norton) Adsit, and became an orphan in early life. His mother died when he was six months old and before he was three years of age his father died. His grandparents took charge of his affairs, but their deaths when he was a child of nine years deprived liim of the care of natural protectors. He had been sent to school but three terms at the district school and, when left alone, he went to live with a farmer where he remained until he was 13 years old. He then obtained a situa- tion in a grocery store in which he operated until he enlisted. His marriage to Frances Hammond took place Aug. 1, 1865, and they have had five children, of whom two are living. Mr. Adsit is of mixed Scotch and EnglisT^i lineage,and his maternal grandsire was for seven years a soldier of the war of the Revolution. His grandfather was a cavalryman in the fight at Plattsburg, in 1812. OLOMON BEAN, a citizen of Clinton- ville. Wis., since 1887, and a mem- ber of G. A. R. Post, No. 32, was born March 4th, 1834, in Clyde, St. Clair Co., Midi. He is the son of Richard and Mary (Lavear) Bean and passed his youth in the vicinity of his birthplace. On the first day of August, 1861, he eni'olled as a soldier at Port Huron, Mich., in Company K, 2nd Michigan Cavalry, The command was assigned to the Department of Northern Missouri under Gen- eral Pope in the spring and, at New Madrid, was brigaded with the ord Michigan Cavalry under Gordon Granger in readiness for the fight at that place and Island No. 10, in both of which actions Mr. Bean was engaged. After- wards, he was in the skirmishing to Monterej' and throughout the entire route to Farmington, where he was in the action of May 3rd and, within the same month his command was in a fight at Booneville, Miss. .June 4th, he was again in action at Blackland, Miss., -June 9th at Baldwin, Miss., and, in a skirmish July 1st, at Booneville, he wtvs seriously injured in the arm. He was assigned to the hospital at Rienzi, Miss., and, later, was sent to Detroit, whence he was discharged on account of permanent disability October 20th following. A historical fact of interest was the assignment of Philip H. Sheri- dan to the colonelcy of the 2nd Michigan Cav- alry May 26th, 181)2, his iirst active connection with operations in the field, as he had pre- viously acted in the capacity of Quartermaster. Mr. Bean returned Irom the army to his par- ents' home and, in 1864 went to Green Bay, Wis., where he was a resident until 1883, when he removed to Seymour, Wis., and was tiiere four years. Previous to enlisting, he was en- gaged after boyhood as a foreman on the St. Clair River and since has operated as a me- chanic. December 8, 1864, he was married to Hattie Brunett. Her father. Prudent Brunett, was one of the first settlers of Green Bay and was connected with the hostilities between the whites and the Chippewa Indians. 164 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF Mr. and Mrs. Bean have been the parents of seven children, of whom Melinda and Myrtle are not living. The others are named Mary, Richard, George, Carrie and Walter. Richard Bean, the father of Mr. Bean of this account, was a soldier in 1812 and alsointheBlackhawk war in 1832. ORMAN S. GILSON, Fond du Lac, Wis., was born in Middlefield, Geauga Co., Ohio, March 23rd, 1839. He came to Wisconsin in 1860 and began tlie study of law with his uncle, Hon. L. F. Frisby at West Bend. Sept. 17th, 1861, he enlisted as a private in Company D, 12th Wisconsin In- fantry and was promoted to Sergeant of the company and Sergeant Major of the regiment ; during a part of 1862, the regiment was in Missouri and Kansas, but in June of that year, joined the Army of the Tennessee at Columbus, Ky. Soon after this he was ordered on de- tached duty with the staff of General Robert B. Mitchell and was with the Array of the Ohio until after ihe battle of Perry ville; re- joining General Grant's armj' at La Grange in the fall of 1862, he remained in that command until the surrender of Jackson, Miss., in July 1863. In August, 1863, he was promoted to the 1st Lieutenantcy of Company H, 58th Regi- ment, U. S. C. Infantry, afterward to Adjutant and finally to the position of Lieutenant Colonel of the regiment and he participated in the battles of Perryville, Vicksburg, Jackson and some lesser engagements ; he served as Judge Ad- vocate of the district of Natchez on the staff of Major General Davidson and in 1865-6 was Judge Advocate of the Department of the Mis- sissippi on the staff of General P. J. Osterhaus and General Thomas J. Wood commanding that department. He was Judge Advocate of the courtmartial convened for the trial of Captain Frederic Speed on the charge of criminal carelessness in over- loading the steamer Sultana, whereby it was claimed the lives of over 1,100 paroled prisoners of war were lost on the Mississippi River by an explosion of the steamers' boilers just above Memphis in April, 1865. On June 12th, 1866 he was mustered out of the service and was brevetted Colonel of U. S. volunteers by thePresi- dent. Graduating at the Albany Law School, he settled at Fond du Lac in 1868 and contin- ued in the active practice of the law until elected Judge of the 4th Judical Circuit in 1880. He was reelected to that position in 1886. Col. Gilson is a member of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion, the Society of the Army of the Tennessee and Edwin A. Brown Post No. 130. /^^ IMEON GARDNER, of Gresham, Wis., ^^^^ and member of G. A. R. Post No. 81 "^^^Z at Shawano, was born in March, 1831, in Kaukauna, Wis., and is the son of William and Nancy (Johnson) Gardner; the former died in 1883 and the mother is still living on the Stockbridge reservation. Mr. Gardner has five brothers living on the Stock- bridge reservation and engaged in farming. Lie has one sister who lives in Shawano. He enrolled Aug. 14, 1862, at Shawano, in Com- pany 1, 32nd Wisconsin Infantry, for three years or during the war, and received honor- able discharge June 19, 1865, at Washington. The regiment left the State for Memphis, Tenn., in October; from there they accompanied the forces of General Sherman to Holly Springs in the movement to capture Vicksburg. They were in the Oxford raid and had just left camp at Hurricane Creek when the news of the sur- render of Murphy at Holly Springs caused a total reversion of all movements, and they reached Holly Springs after a forced march, which greatly exliausted the men to no purpose and the regiment returned, after a pursuit of Jackson, to Memphis where they remained until November, 1863, engaged in jirovost duty. Mr. Gardner was in the expedition from Memphis in November and, about the last of the month, went from Moscow and, on the 2nd day of December went nine miles on the double cjuick to the relief of General Hatch. He was engaged in scouting service until another plan was formed for the taking of Vicksburg and, in February, 1864, landed at that place and on the next day moved in the Meridian expedi- tion. He was in the action at Jackson and returned to ^'icksburg•, after a month's absence. Not long after-, he was connected with another expedition to relieve Union City and went next to Paducah where a fight with Forrest was expected, but the rebel retired and the regiment moved to intercept him at another point. It was a failure and the command went to De- PERSONAL RECORDS. 165 catur, Ala. In May the action on the Court- land road commenced and Mr. (lardner was in the skirmishes in that vicinity during the montlis of June and July, and in August, was with the command at Atlanta. He was engaged in the operations there and at Jonesboro. After the surrender of the city he joined in tlie pursuit of the rebels and in October, went to Atlanta, where the command made ready to proceed through Georgia and Mr. Gardner was in all the actions in which his regiment participated in the vicinity of Savannah. He was in all the movements at Beaufort and l^ocotaligo and was in the sharp fighting on the Salkahatchie at River's Bridge. He was again in action at Binnaker's Bridge where his company, with two others, held the position while three regi- ments crossed the river and secured a foothold. He was in the fight near Clieraw, at Fayette- ville and Bentonville and went to Goldsboro and Raleigh and, after the surrender of John- ston's army moved Nortliward to Washington, where he witnessed the final scenes and returned to Wisconsin. He escaped serious injury, but passed four weeks in a hospital at Memphis with sickness and for nine months was com- pany cook. After the war he located at Shawano and went to Gresham in 1888. Mr. Gardner has become a suhstantial farmer. He married Margaret Zinn of Fond du Lac and they have one daughter, named Samantha, who married George Button of Green Bay. OHN ROBERT LEYKOM, of Antigo, Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 78, was born in Quebec, Canada, April 15, 1840. When he was seven years old he came to Manitowoc witli his parents, John and Annie (Wallace) Leykom. His father was born in Bavaria and came to America when a small boy. He went from New York to Canada and was a soldier in the Patriot, or McKenzie's war of 1837. The mother was a native of Montreal. The family were pioneers in Manitowoc county where the father was a merchant. The son was educated in the common school and entered the office of the Manitowoc Herald, where he learned the printer's trade. He then assumed charge of the Manitowoc Tribune in the same place and issued a daily in conjunc- tion with the weekly edition. He was asso- ciated with John N. Stone, now (1888) of the Neenah Times. In 1858 and 1859 he managed the Chilton Times in the interest of John P. Hume, and in 1850 he became a sailor on the lakes in which he was engaged until his mili- tary career began. July 12, 1861, he enlisted in the 5th Wis- consin Infantry, in Company A, (" Manitowoc Guards.") The day following the disaster at Bull Run the regiment received marching orders and started for the scene of activities with enthusiasm. Two days after they were in Washington and assigned to the brigade of General King. (See sketch.) At the outset the " 5th " was in advance positions. It .should be stated that the regiment was enlisted in April, and, while awaiting assignment three months organizations were abolished and it was paid for three months before the assign- ment of the United States. The regiment re- ceived from General McClellan a mark of dis- tinction accorded to no other while he com- manded the armies of the United States. After tlie battle of Williamsburg he addressed the command as follows : " My lads, I have come to thank you for the bravery and discipline which you displayed tlie other day. On that day, you won laurels of wliicli you may well be proud — not only you, but tlie army, the State, the country to which you belong. Through you we won the day, ami •" Williamsburg" shall be inscribed on your banner. I cannot thank you too much and I am sure the reputation your gallantry has already achieved, will always be maintained." In forming the organization which became known to history as the " Iron Brigade," General King expected to secure the 5th Wisconsin but was disappointed in the hope. At Rappahannock Station, Nov. 7, 1863, occurred an event which is, up to this date " unwritten history." A regiment of rebels was secreted in the undergrowth of Jack pine in a thicket so dense that vision for more than twenty feet was impo.ssible. Ninety men of the 5th under Captain Horace A. Walker of Com- pany A, arranged their -plans and made a charge on the ambushed rebs, shouting and making all the racket possible ; one of the sol- diers possessed of a stentorian voice constantl}' ordered up imaginary reserves and commanded the concealed foe to fall back from their arms. Nine hundred men were captured and brought in as prisoners much to their disgust on learn- ing the reality of the case. Captain Walker 166 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF was killed in the fighting later on the same day. Following is the roster of the battles in which Mr. Leykora was engaged : — Lee's Mills, April 16; Siege of Yorktown in the same montli; Williamsburg, Mo.y 5 ; Golden 's Farm, .June 27 ; Savage Station, .June 29 ; White Onk Swamp, .June 30 ; Malvern Hill, July 1 ; Bull Run, Aug. 29 and 30 ; Crampton's Pass, Md., Sept. 14 ; Antietam, Md., Sept. 17 ; Fredericks- burg, Dec. 13. (All in 1862.) May 3, 1863, he was in the famous storming of Marye's Heights and sustained compound fracture of the left ancle. He lay on the field two days and two nights and was sent thence to Acquia Creek and a day later was put aboard a cattle car and shipped to Washington, where he was assigned to a hospital in the vicinity of the Capitol to be sent eight days later to the Christian St. hos- pital, Philadelphia. When the time of the regiment hid expired he was discharged and reached AVisconsin two days behind the soldiers of the command. Until his recovery he was in the A'eteran Invalid Corps at Pliiladelphia. At Williamsburg, Mr. Leykom received a slight wound but did not leave his post. He returned to Manitowoc and soon after went to Chicago where he obtained a position as compositor on the Trihune, operating in that capacity until the fire of 1871. He entered the employ of A. M. Kellogg ct Co., and was with that house and with the Inter-Ocean some years and in Nov., 1884, he removed to Antigo and took a posi- tion with his brother and brother-in-law in a hardware store. Later he became interested in the News Item at Antigo. (The establishment was burned about the time this sketch was written, January, 1888.) James Leykom, his brother, was a soldier in a Wisconsin regiment. Mr. Leykom was married in August, 1870, to Margaret Dufl:ey, a native of Albany, N. Y. Her ])rother, Charles G. Duffey, was an enlisted man in the 17th Wisconsin. Mr. Leykom was Deputy County Treasurer of Langlade County in 1884, and in 1887 and 1888 he was Under- Sherifi under T. H. Robbins of the same county. ^-^ OHN W. BRUCE, of Merrill, com- mander of Post Lincoln, No. 131, at that place, in 1887, was born Aug. 15, 1841, near Troy, New York. His family traces their origin to the " Bruce of Bannock- burn," his descent being Scotch in the patenial line. William Bruce, his father, was a native of England and married Sarah Masters in America. The family came to Wisconsin in 1850 and located at Racine, removing thence to Allen's Grove in Walworth county. While there resident, the Civil War made its advent and the son determined to enroll in defense of the Union. He was twenty years old when he went to Beloit and enlisted in Company K, Wisconsin 7th Infantry. He enlisted August 27th and on the 2nd day of October, the regi- ment was incorporated in the organization af- terwards known as the " Iron Brigade." (A sketch of its organizer. Gen. Rufus King, is to be found on another page). The brigade passed the winter at Fort Tillinghast near the Arlington House and, in the first days of March took part in the movement on Manassas, re- turning to their former position in a few days. Soon after, the regiments started for a position on the Rappahannock opposite Fredericksburg on guard and construction duty. In July, the 7th was in a sharp skirmish and again in Au- gust fought at Beverly Ford, after taking part in the retreat across the Rappahannock. Within the month it was in another skirmish and fought in the battle of Gainesville. This was one of the marked engagements of the war, the foes being the famous "Stonewall Brigade," composed of the flower of the army of Stone- wall Jack.son. At the second Bull Run Mr. Bruce was in the detail whicli supported a bat- tery and in September fought at South Moun- tain. Three days later, lie was in the engage- ment at Antietam where the brigade won special encomiums for bravery. In December he again fought at Fredericksburg and the reg- iment went into winter quarters at Belle Plain. In January, they accomplished the marching which was all that materialized in the " Mud Campaign" and, with that exception, were inac- tive until the last of April, 1863. Later they made the charge at Fitzhugh's Cro.ssing, and, early in June, Mr. Bruce was in the skirmish at Brandy Station. In July he was in the fight at Gettysburg wliich terminated his field ser- A'ice. A Union battery supported by cavalry had ventured too far at one stage of the fight and the fact being observed by Ayres Brigade (rebel) the confederates prepared to accomplish an easy capture. But the " Iron Brigade " was also observant and took a hand in the affair, which resulted in the repulse of the confedei- ates, the Iron Brigade capturing most of PERSONAL RECORDS. Ifi7 Ayers' Brigade. Mr. Bruce was left on the field with a bullet in his left breast. He lay there 26 hours, suffering the tortures of heat, want of water and the dangers of a Ixittle field still in abeyance. Many wounded rebels were about him and such of them as could sliowed him much kindness and iio hostility. There was nothing to indicate the animosity with which they luid met in mortal combat a few hours before. Once he slept and dreamed that he was in the streets of Frederick and that ladies were distributing water to wounded men. As he approached one of them to take the water he so craved, some one stepped in front of him and took it. His despair and disap- pointment awoke him and he cried out for water. He could hear the rattle of a canteen and a rebel approached and gave him a drink of milk. (An account of this experience was published in the Milwaukee Tdegmph.) Mr. Bruce received this wound July 1, 1863, the bullet, which is still in his person, passing through his left lung, .shattering a rib and in- juring the lower portion of the heart. The lung has been hepatised since and useless, and he has suffered from heart disease. He was taken from the field on the 2nd of July and carried to a hou.se and on July 4tli was taken to the hospiral at the Old Court House at Get- tysburg, ap])ropriated by Government for a hospital ; afterwards he was in a hospital at Baltimore in charge of Dr. Bliss of Garfield memory. An abscess appeared back of his wounded lung and he was informed by the doctor that he was in a critical state and had better make his will. He informed the doctor that he would find him sitting up the next morning. In the night the abscess broke and discharged through the wound instead of into the lungs, as he was in a rocking chair when Dr. Bliss appeared. " You are a plucky little cuss" was the characteristic remark of Dr. Bliss. After a month in the hospital he came to Wis- con.sin on sick furlough and 60 days later, went to the officer's hospital at Annapolis, whence he received honorable discharge, his wound being incurable and two years and three months elapsed before it closed. During that time it was dressed every day. Finally, he went to Baltimore to Henry Palmer, former surgeon of the 7th, who performed an opera- tion and found that the shattered rib had not re-united. He removed it and the wound healed by the first intention. After his dis- charge Mr. Bruce was occupied at Fairfax Sem- inary general hospital as sutler's clerk and later, in the office of (Quarter-Master General Meigs at Wasliington where he passed two years. During the period of liis active sei'vice he was promoted for bravery in action. He was advanced from Corporal to Orderly Ser- geant May 1, 1863, commissioned 2nd Lieuten- ant June 1st of the same year and wounded July 1st following. After leaving Washington, he returned to Allen's Grove and was employed by his father, who was a shoe dealer thei'C and at Clinton un- til he embarked in the same line of business in his own behalf. In 1881 he removed to Mer- rill where he operated as a dealer in stationery sup|)lies until 1885 when he entered the office of \V. H. Canon. February 1, 1886, lie asso- ciated himself with J. K. P. Coon, and they purchased the insurance and real-estate busi- ness ot W. H. Canon, the style of the new con- cern being Coon & Bruce. (See sketch of Mr. Coon.) June 20, 1869, Mr. Bruce was married to Sarah E. Wright. Harry R., Charles W., Roy J., Leonard J., Sadie, Emma and Nellie H., are the names of their living children. Ina Emma, died of diptheria June 5, 1884, aged 14 months. The family of Mrs. Bruce was from New York and her maternal grandfather was a soldier of 1812. Mr. Bruce is a man of straigiitforward and reliable character. He is justly esteemed as one of the prominent citizens of Merrill and wears the honors of a man and patriot. He was A. D. C. on Staff' of General Griffin, Depart- ment Commander, Wisconsin, G. A. R., for 1887 — and was appointed A. D. C. on Staff' of General Rea, Commander in Chief of G. A. R., U. S., March 13th, 1888. JOHN BANDEROB, a prominent busi- ness man of Oslikosh, Wis., and a mem- ber of G. A. R. Post No. 241, enlisted under the first call of President Lincoln for 75,000 troops in Company E, 2nd Wis- consin Infantry. He served with the regi- ment through three months enlistment and fought at the first Bull Run in which he was wounded in his right arm. On the expiration of his term of enlistment he immediately re- 168 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF enlisted in tlie same company and regiment for three years and received honorable discharge June 28, 1864, at the expiration of his period of enlistment. He fought through all the bat- tles and skirmishes in which his regiment par- ticipated with the exception of Antietam and included Gainesville, 2nd Bull Run, South Mountain, Fredericksburg, Fitz Hugh's Cross- ing, Marye's Heights, Chancellorsville, Gettys- burg, Mine Run, Wilderness, Laurel Hill (Spottsylvania), North Anna, Cold Harbor, Pe- tersburg, Weklon Railroad, Hatcher's Run, Gravelly Run, Five Forks and Appomatox. On the organization he was made Cbrporal and had been promoted to Sergeant wiien he was dis- charged. He was wounded a second time at Gettysburg in his left leg. He was made a prisoner at Gainesville, Ijut was paroled on the field. Mr. Banderol) had four brothers and three of them were soldiers in the civil war. Henry was an enlisted man in the 21st Wisconsin and was killed at Perry ville, Oct. 3, 1862. Peter served his full time, and Fred was discharged previous to the expiration of his term on ac- count of disabilities incurred in the service. Mr. Banderob is a member of a prominent firm at Oshkosh, engaged in the extensive man- ufacture of furniture. One liundred and fifty men are employed in their establishment which is fitted with the most approved machinery for the construction of furniture of tlie best type. A. PHILLIPS, resident at Green Bay, Wis., and member of G. A. R. Post No. 124, was born Februarys, 1846 in Saranac, Clinton Co., New York, and he is the son of -lerred L. and Lucy (Felton) Phillips. He was still a boy when the civil war came on and was a little more than 15 years old when he became a soldier. In the latter part of 1861, he enlisted in Com- pany G, 16th New York Infantry at Plattsburg for two years and received honorable discharge about the last of May 1863 at Albany, New York. His roster of battles includes 15 names. His original enlistment was for three months and when the order was issued by the War Department to muster no more three months men he reenlisted with his command for two years service. His regiment was hurried for- ward and sent to Maryland to be assigned to McDowell's command. He participated in the first battle of Bull Run and was afterwards ni the sharp fight at Gainesville under Pope, at Manassas or 2nd Bull Run, at South Mountain, Antietam, first battle of Fredericksburg and in two subsequent actions on tiie Rappahannock River. He was wounded in. June 1862, at Gainesville, where he received a slight flesh wound. May 3, 1863, he was taken prisoner at Salem Heights and was sent to Castle Thunder in Richmond, where he remained three days and was sent thence to Belle Isle; May 15th, he was paroled and was never exchanged and returned to Albany where he was discharged as stated. The wound he received was caused by a spent ball. Two brothers of Mr. Phillips were soldiers in the Union army ; one enrolled in Company E, 16tli New York Infantry and the other in the 22nd New York Infantry. During the time his regiment was in Maryland it was joined by re- cruits and his brotlier was among them. On one occasion a detail from the regiment was assigned to protect the premises of a Marj'- land farmer who was a rebel sympathiser. They climbed into the trees in the oi'chard and were getting apples while Mr. Phillips was on the watch. He saw two men ajiproaching and one of them was an officer in civilian's dress who took the thieves into custody. Mr. Phil- lip's brother was among them and, after been held two hours he obtained his release by telling the guard that he would have him arrested for taking his brother when he was without his bayonet and belt. Mr. Phillips came to Wisconsin in 1869 and has since been engaged in lumbering and other interests. He was married at Green Bay, April 11, 1874, to Marj' Jane O'Brien. His parents were natives of Fairfax, Vt., and his father was employed in an iron foundry. The parents of Mrs. Phillips were born in Nenagh, Ireland, where they were farmers. Mr. and Mrs. Phil- lips have no children. ERMAN MULLER, of Marinette, Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 207, was born in West Troy, New York, May 25, 1839, and is the son of Lewis Muller, now a resident at Friendshi)>, Wis., and a native of Canada of German paren- PERSONAL RECORDS. 169 tage. Philistia (Sear) Muller was born in Can- ada. Following are the names of Mr. Mailer's sisters ; — Aurelia, Mary, Flora, Ellen and Phil- istia. Mr. Muller came to Wisconsin in 1846. He enlisted in the fall of 1861 in Company A, 2nd Wisconsin Cavalry at Fond du Lac for three years, veteranized early in 1864 and re- ceived honorable discharge in November 1865 at Austin, Texas. The regiment passed the first winter in camp at Milwaukee and went thence to Springfield, Mo., where Mr. Muller re- mained about one year and was assigned to the body guard of General Brown. He was taken sick at Springfield and was in the hospital two months. Li November 1862, his battalion was assigned to the command of General Herron and went to the relief of General Blunt and was in the battle of Prairie Grove, ^[r. Muller re- ceived a furlough of 30 days and rejoined his regiment at Vicksburg. (At tlie battle of Prairie Grove the train was captured and Mr. Muller made a narrow escape) At Vicksburg Mr. Muller was on the personal guard of Gen- eral Davis and operated about a year as a scout. In Julj' they started for Alexandria and went thence in August to Texas, marclnng over 300 miles with scan: rations for both men and honses. After benig mustered out they marched a hundred miles and proceeded thence across the Gulf of Mexico to New Orleans and to Mad- ison, Wis. At Alexandria, Mr. Muller con- tracted bone fever from which he has never re- covered. .July 6, 1869, he married Mary Lauderman,of Fond du Lac. They have five children, Jose- phine, Delphine, Noah, Leo and Mary Rose. Mrs. Muller was born in Canada, her par- ents being August and Terese (Nice) Lauder- man, and born in Canada. Her father was of German descent and her mother French. 'OSEPH W. OLIVER, a citizen of Wau- pun. Wis., and editor and joint proprie- tor of the Waupun Leader, was a soldier in the Civil War and is a charter mem- of G. A. R. Post Hans C. Heg, No. 114. He was born Sept. 21, 1842, at Salem, Franklin Co., Maine, and came to Wisconsin with his pa- rents when he was eight years old. He is the son of Rufus C. Oliver, who was born at Anson, Maine May 6, 1817. The latter was the son of James Oliver, who was born Dec. 2, 1773, at Georgetown, Maine, and died Nov. 13, 1827. Rebecca (Hinkley) Oliver, the grand- mother of Mr. Oliver, was born July 29, 1787, and died May 20,1868. She belonged to an old and infiuential family in the Pine Tree State. Rufus C. Oliver married Cordelia Webster, who was descended from Revolutionary patriots and factors in the early settlement of the country. She was born at Wilton, Maine, .July 10, 1816, and died Sept. 6, 1872. The father died March 30, 1874. He removed his family to Marke.san, Green Lake Co., Wis., in 1850, and his children received only common school educations. Mr. Oliver, of this sketch, was 18 years of age when, in 1860, he entered the office of the Markesan Journal to receive training in the profession of his choice. A year later he transferred his la- bors to the Times, at Waupun, where he worked until he decided to enter the army. He en- Hsted Aug. 20, 1862, in Company A, 32nd Wisconsin Infantry, and passed two weeks at Fond du Lac in rendezvous when the company went to Camp Bragg at Oshkosh, and upon the election of non-commissioned officers was chosen 4th Corporal. He was one of about 50 who enlisted at Waupun and about the same number enrolled at Fond du Lac in the same organization. He accompanied the regiment from the State October 30th and to Memphis preparatory to joining Grant in his movements against Vicksburg, and in the latter part of December his health became seriously im- paired. The command was then in the vicin- ity of Oxfoi'd in the raid known by that name and he had been on the forced marcli thence to Holly Springs and from there to Grand Junc- tion, a di.stance of 55 miles which was made in about 20 hours. The burden of their equip- ments and scarcity of rations made such marching a terrific [experience, and many of the regiment became very ill in consequence of the hardships of one of the heaviest marches on this record. Mr. Oliver was taken sick with pneumonia and was left at Grand Junction where he was picked up by members of the 15th Michigan and placed in their field hos- pital, an old, dilapidated building, where he remained two weeks. When the i5th Michi- gan moved away he was transferred to a con- valescent camp at La Grange and, after a few days to Memphis, where he was assigned to the convalescent camp at Fort Pickering. He 170 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF was taken there with others in box cars, con- tracted another cold and was attacked with brain fever, when he was sent to the fort hos- pital. When liis regiment returned lie was ta- ken to the regimental liospital and later, to a general hospital in Memphis known as the "Adams " hospital. After a week he received his discharge, dated March 15, 1863. The march referred to was commenced bj' the movement of the regiment to near Holly Springs, thence to Hurricane Creek, which point they left on the Oxford raid. Messen- gers overtook them witli intelligence of the surrender of Murphy at Holly Springs with all the supplies for the army during the campaign and a " double quick" took the regiment there and thence afterwards to Grand Junction after Forrest. Mr. Oliver " fell out " and the regi- ment pressed on to Jackson after Forrest. After his release from military allegiance, Mr. Oliver returned to Waupun and passed several months in recuperating his health. He was able to resume active life after a few months, but has never recovered his former vigor. He took a position in the office of the limes where he was employed about a year. He then went to Dartford, Green Lake county, and worked in the office of the Spectator about the same length of time, when he became associated with Captain Martin C. Short (see sketch) and they bought the paper, becoming sole proprie- tors by purchase. They continued to issue the Spectator there one year longer when it was transferred to Waupun and its name changed to the Waupun Leader. The latter publication was begun in August, 1S66, and Mr. Short re- mained connected with that journal five years when his intere.st was purchased by Mr. R. H. 01- iver,brother of Mr.Oliver of this account, and the brothers have since conducted its interests and affairs jointly, It is a staunch Republican sheet and enjoys a flattering degree of popular- ity on account of its outspoken and decided character. The quarters occupied by the plant are commodious and convenient and afford a striking contrast to many newspaper offices in point of neatness and careful management in all details pertainnig to appearance. The office is equipped with the most approved of modern fixtures, including steam, and stocked with type and presses to perform the work attendant on the business. Mr. Oliver was married Aug. 6, 1864, to Miss L. A. Morse, who died Aug. 25, 1880. They have one surviving daughter named Al- ice May, who is married to C. E. Rogers, a farmer in the vicinity of Waupun. A second daughter, Nellie Blanclie, died April 1st, 1875, at the age of three and one-third years. Sam- uel and Susan Moi'se, the parents' of Mrs. Oli- ver, were early settlers in Dodge county. (The main street of Waupun divides Dodge from Fond du Lac counties and the city lies in both ) Martin V. Morse, one of their sons, was a sol- dier in the 45th Wisconsin Infantry. Mr. Oliver is a man of superior ability in ex- ecutive relations which have been utilized by his fellow men in electing him to many offices of trust. He belongs to the Commandery of Knights Templar at Fond du Lac and the Ma- sonic Lodge and Chapter and Odd Fellows Lodge at his home. He is prominent in social and business circles and sustains the character of a man of probity and influence. ICHAEL MANGAN of Fond du Lac, W,^I(&A^ Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. ^'^jt^^ 130, was born Sept. 30, 1830, in the Parisli of Drumore, County Ty- rone, Ireland. He belongs to stock which has been distinguished for learning, wealth and po.si- tion in the Old and New Worlds and is tlie son of Edward and Ann (Kernan) Mangan. The father of his mother belonged to the same fam- ih' branch as the Hon. Francis Kernan of New York. Lieutenant Mangan went with his pai'ents to Scotland in May, 1847. After a re- sidence there of seven years he came to America and landed at the port of New York, Oct. 4, 1854. He came to Wisconsin the next j^ear and located at Fond du Lac, where he remained until he enlisted in defense of the Union. He enrolled as a soldier at Fond du Lac, June 28, 1861 in Company E, 6th Wisconsin Infantry, for three years, his company being recruited by Edward S. Bragg who became its captain and was afterwards in command of the "Iron Brig- ade" and is present Minister to Mexico, the com- pany being first known as Bragg's Rifles. He was promoted to Corjjoral and in November 1861, was made Sergeant. July 1st, 1863, he was made 2nd Lieutenant for gallantry on the field at Gettysburg. Lieutenant Mangan was with his command from the action at Rappa- hannock Station until the fight at Gainesville, PERSONAL RECORDS. 171 tlirougli whicli he passed to fight in the con- cluding action of the second Bull Run and in 1863, fought at Chancellorsville and went into the first day's figlit at Gettysburg. He was wounded in his right leg and on the 2nd day of July, sutlered amputation. (See sketch of F. A. Deleglise.) In April, 1864, he was transferred to the Veteran Reserve Corps, and was stationed in the hospital at Central Park, New York, where he remained until the fall of the same year, when he went to Broom Street Barracks, a recruiting rendezvous. In July, 1865, his company was transferred to duty on David's Island in New York harbor. In September following he received orders to report to Colonel Flood of the iStli regiment V. R. C. at Spring- field, 111., by whom he was assigned to a com- pany stationed at Cairo. In December of tlie same year he received instructions to muster out his companj' and return to his home to await orders from the Adjutant General. He resided in the city of New York until April, when he went to Apalachicola, Fla., and in August, re- ceived leave of absence. He returned to his home and, under orders from the War Depart- ment, issued Sep. 6, 1866, he went to Washing- ton in December following. January 22nd, 1867, he was commissioned 2nd Lieutenant in the Regular Army and continued in the. service until December 31, 1871, when he was placed on the retired list of the army. As a singular incident it is recorded that the 6th Wisconsin led the brigade in the first day's fight at Gettyburg and was the leading brigade of the leading division of the leading corps on the march to Gettysburg and was the first regiment to engage the enemy. Lieutenant Mangan was an eye witness of the fall of Reynolds and saw his body carried to the rear on a stretcher. A Georgia brigade opened fire on the 6th Wisconsin and two New York York regiments from a railroad cut. The Union soldiers started forward on the double- quick, loading as they ran and Lieutenant Mangan was struck in the ankle joint by a minie ball which splintered the bones. He fell and tried to rise, unconscious that he was seriously injured, when he found his leg un- serviceable. Lieutenant Mangan found that he could not move, and sat down and surveyed the field ; he saw several men of his command who had been wounded, sitting on the ground and loading their muskets, after which they rose to their feet and fired. The "Iron Brigade" was not daunted by rebel bullets which flew thick and fast, but rushed forward with clubbed muskets, resulting in the surrender of the rebels. Tlie In-igade retreated almost immediately and in such haste that many of their prisoners escaped. The rebels pressed forward and Cap- tain J. H. Marston of Company E, (see sketch) attempted to carry Lieutenant Mangan to the rear but was unable to complete his self im- po.sed task and called Harry Dunn, the most muscular man of the companj', to his assistance. A gun belonging to Battery D, 4th U. S. Artil- lery, which had lost all its horses, stood near and the gunners were trying to run it back to safety. Lieutenant Mangan requested Dunn to place him on the gun and he was removed a short distance. Near the brow of a hill, a door was converted into a stretcher, on which Lieu- tenant Mangan was borne to the rear. He was carried to the Washington Hotel in Gettysburg which he reached just in advance of the rebels who captured the building and those in it and he was a prisoner until the rebel retreat, July 3rd. The amputation of his limb was per- formed b}^ the surgeon of his regiment. When Lee's soldiers were killing cattle in the vicinity of the hotel, Dunn went to obtain some meat and was taken prisoner and taken to Rich- mond. He was afterwards paroled and re- turned to his regiment, serving through the period of his enlistment. Colonel H. A. Mor- row of the 24th Michigan, then incorporated in the Iron Brigade, was also captured with the hotel ; he put on a surgeon's badge and re- mained on duty in a medical capacity witiiout molestation until the retreat. On the night of the 3rd, Colonel Morrow made a reconnoissance and reported that, from all appearances, the Union army, lying in a semicircle some distance away, was preparing to retreat. He was entirely ignorant of the events of the day wiiich had been decisive. A rebel surgeon had stated that there would be a general night attack on the Union lines, to which Mangan retorted that the rel)els would probably spend the night in retreat, thus making a prophecy without being conscious of it, as he really feared the issue would be the other way. Lieutenant Mangan states : — " It would be impossible to describe my feelings when our boys rushed in the next morning, took our guards prisoners and re- leased us, as I had given up all hopes of such an event." He was in the Seminary hospital at Gettysburg until he was able to travel when 172 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF he received leave of absence and came to Fond du Lac. When he was assigned to the Veteran Reserve Corps, he removed liis famil}' to tiie cit_y of New York. When lie was placed on the retired list he returned to Fond du Lac and has since been engaged in the wholesale and retail liquor trade. He was married Sept. 29, 1849, in Edinburg, Scotland, to Jane McCoy who died July 29, 1875, leaving two sons and five daugh- ters. Lieutenant Mangan was again married Nov. 10, 1876, to Mrs. Ellen Flood. HRISTOPHER HILL, a prominent citizen and business man of Shawano, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 81, was born June 22, 1835 in Hec- tor, Tompkins Co., New York, and he is the son of Levi and Charity (Weeks) Hill. The family removed to Waupaca county, Wisconsin, where the father died in 1876 and the mother is still living in Embarass and is 79 years old. Mr. Hill has two brothers and two sisters ; Albert is a farmer in Waupaca county, and Edgar is a mechanic residing in Shawano. Caroline mar- Reuben Clark and Mary Ellen is the wife of William Brinkerhoff. Mr. Hill was educated in the common schools and was on a farm until he decided to enter the army ; he enlisted in August, 1862, at Winneconne in Company B, 21st Wisconsin Inlautry for three years or dur- ing the war and received honorable discharge in June, 1865, at Milwaukee. He was in ren- dezvous at Oshkosh and left the State with his command September 11th to report to Phil Sheridan at Louisville for duty, whence he went with the Army of the Ohio to tight at Perry- ville, October 8th, and afterward at Chickaraauga and Lookout Mountain. He was in the fights at Kenesaw and was wounded at Resaca in May, 1864, a bullet striking the sand (which injured his eyes) and two others passed through his clothing. He was in the siege of Atlanta and was in constant action for some days without injury. He was in the fight at Peach Tree Creek and at Jonesboro and after the surrender at Atlanta went with Sherman to the sea. In the fight at Bentonville, he was in the heat of action and he was in the experiences of the regiment through to the close. When he went to the war he left his horses in a blacksmith shop and disposed of his farm produce as he best could, feeling that no time was to be lost in his coun- try's defense. He left his family in Winneconne where he returned after the war and soon after bought a farm in Embarass which he managed for seven years and was also engaged in lum- bering. About 1870, he went to Wolf River where he built a hotel known as the "Log Cabin," and he also engaged in lumbering until 1882, when he removed to Shawano and estab- lished extensive business interests and where he has engaged in lumber interests, milling and manufacturing. He was married in 1857 to Rachel Rice of Oshkosh and two of their three childi'en are living. The mother died February 22, 1871, and Mr. Hill was married Nov. 20, 1871, to Evaline Rice, sister of the firist wife. Mr. Hill is an out and out Republican ; he is one of the substantial, self-made men of Northern Wiscon- sin and has placed himself in an independent position by perseverance, energy and business ability. He is a man of easy manners and pol- ished appearance ; is active and and energetic in all relations in life, popular with soldiers and prominent in Grand Army connections. EREMIAH H. MERRILL, of Chilton, Wis., and a former soldier of the civil war, was born Feb. 18, 1830, in Lowville, Lewis Co., New York. His father, Melancthon Merrill, was a native of the Empire State and was a Baptist preacher and a farmer. His mother, Judea (Harrington) Merrill, was born in the same State. The son passed his youth attending school and assisting on the farm. When he was 18, he went to Ohio to live with his uncle, Calvia Merrill, and passed the remaining y^ars of his minority on a farm in the Buckeye State. He returned to live with his father, who had a large family and needed his assistance and he acted as he could in such capacity. In 1853 they removed to Wisconsin where "they together bought a quarter-section of new land and operated as farmers, the senior Merrill also preaching. Jan. 7, 1855, the son married Angeline Coleman and still continued in active agricultural pursuits until he entered the army. In the fall of 1862, he enlisted in the 18th Wisconsin Infantry, but the command being full he was assigned to Company B, 5th Wisconsin Infantry at Menominee. He joined PERSONAL RECORDS. 173 the regiment iu time for the battle of Freder- icksburg in April, at Fitzliugh's Crossing before the battle of Chancellorsville, and he was in the terrific charge on Marye's Heights where his Colonel led the assault. (See sketch of T. S. Allen.) He was wounded May 3rd and was reported in the despatches. He was disabled three months and on sick Ituive in a hospital at Washington. After the battle of Gettysburg (during his absence) the regiment was ordered to New York to aid in quelling the riot and he joined the command on Governor's Island in the harbor. With the reunited regiment he went to the front and in November was in the charge on the rebel works at Rappahannock Station. If the " fighting 5th " had accom- plished no other gallant deed than this, in wliicli two regiments won victor)^, it would have been enough to distinguisli the command as brave. Mr. Merrill was in the pursuit to Brandy Station and fought at Mine Run. In May he was in the fight in the Wilderness and in action three days. May 8th, he fouglit at Spottsylvania, where he received the injuries which terminated his connection witli military life and left him ineffacable traces of the emergencies a man encounters in battle. On the 10th of May he was in a charge on the rebel rifle pits and fired three times. The reb- els crowded up as he made his way back and he shot down the color bearer. At the same instant he was hit in both ankles and was, soon after, accosted by a rebel officer who asked the name of his regiment. He was lying between the fires of tlie two lines and tlie otheer, observ- ing his condition ordered him to go to the rear ; he crawled on his hands and knees across the rifle pits. Rebels raised an inquiry concerning him and were told by the otticer to allow him to pass through the lines and he crawled to a place behind a pine tree, where he lay until morning on a pile of straw. He was taken to Spottsylvania C. H. and left on the ground. His sufferings were indescribable and he finally borrowed a jack-knife and cut his boots off. While there. General Lee on his white horse rode up and ordered the wounded carried back out of the sun. He was taken the following morning to a large tent, where he remained three days before anything was done for him and then he received some coffee and crackers. The next morning the surgeon came and amputated his right foot, yielding to his en- treaties not to take off the other, as he had a family to support. On the next day the re- moval to Riclnnond l)egan,the two days on the road being full of sulTering and want. He eagerly looked for anything eatable on the road and finally found some sheep-sorrel, whicii he pronounces this day the sweetest food that ever pa.ssed liis lij)s. He passed three months in the Pemberton building where he encountered all the hardships and horrors which have been told repeatedly on these pages. In July, 1865, he received parole and was sent to Annapolis, wliere he had a severe fall which caused his wound to break out afresh and he was under surgical care three weeks. He was then sent to Wisconsin and was discharged at Madison .July 17, 1865. He returned to his home at Chilton where he has since resided and has performed such work as possible on crutches. To him and his wife tliree children have been spared. They are named Francis, Adah and Mary and are married. Esther and Hattie are deceased. Mr. Merrill is the descendant of patriots of the Revolution in which his paternal great graiulfather fought. His brother Charles was a soldier and starved to death at Andersonville. John, anotlier brother, was also a soldier. Mr. Merrill belongs to Post 205. ARTIN C. SHORT, editor and pro- /V^'i\ prietor of the Brandon, Wis., '''^ i ^^f^ 'i'tnien, and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 13(J, was born Nov. 4, 1836 in the town of Minnisink, Orange Co., New York. He was a member of his father's household until he attained his majority and was engaged in acquiring his education. He received a good elementary training and, after he became master of his own fortunes, he at- tended school at Ripon during the terms of two years, teaching in the interims in Green Lake county. He then entered Beloit College where he was a student a year and was connected with that institution when the cry for soldiers to assist the Goverment rang through Wiscon- sin. In April, 1861 he enlisted at Beloit in a company whicli was disbanded, owing to some misunderstanding among its othcers and he went home and worked on his father's farm until the fall of 1862. November 10th, he en- rolled in Company I, 31st Wisconsin Infantry 174 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF for three years or during the war, euhsting at Dartford, Green Lake county. The first six companies of the organization Iiad been mus- tered into service in October and were engaged in State duty during the draft after November 14tli. The recruits were sent to join the battal- ion, which had been stationed at K'lcine, and Mr. Short was mustered in with the members of the command, Dec. 24tli, and left the State March 1st, 1863. The preparation of the regi- ment for military dutj' is mentioned as specially thorough. The command went to Cairo and thence to Fort Halleck, near Columbus, Ky., where varied duty was performed until Septem- ber, including scouting, skirmi.'^hing, picket and guard details, some of which was in arduous service, all the regiment being exposed to ma- larial and other disceases incident to the posi- tion. The rates of sickness and death were fear- ful. In September, a movement to Nashville was made and in October to La Vergne, Tenn., where the command acted as railroad guard until late in the month, wlien the 31st went to Murfreesboro to guard lines of railroad. In April, the regiment was broken into detach- ments and detailed for a distance of thirty miles from Murfreesboro. In June it was again con- solidated and went to Nashville. At that city, the soldiers of the regiment were detailed as patrol guard until July, when orders were re- ceived to connect with the army besieging At- lanta. The regiment was in the trendies there until the close of the Atlanta campaign and was constantly under rebel fire. In September it entered Atlanta and, during the following month, was on frequent and dangerous forage and escort duty in the heart of rebeldom in the midst of an infuriated and desperate foe. In November, the 31st started on the march to the sea and in December had a considerable fight with the rebels a few miles from Savannah. They were in several actions during the siege of the city and went into quarters within the fortifications after the capture of the city. In January, the regiment joined the division at Purisburg, S. C, and, after the water subsided (which held them there 11 days,) they went on the route through South Carolina and partici- pated in the work of rendering the rebels power- less in their own strongholds. This service in- cluded the destruction of roads, building high- ways, foraging, skirmishing, repelling attacking parties and other duty incident to wearisome marches through swamps and country alreadj- stripped of resources. Mr. Short was made 1st Sergeant on the or- ganization of his company and was commis- sioned 1st Lieutenant April 16, 1864 while on duty on the Nashville & Chattanooga railroad. April 20, I860, he received his commission as Captain of Company I, and was mustered out as such July following at Louisville, Ky. He was in command of his company from the date of his commission until his connection with mili- tary life was severed, except for about 20 days, and he kept the books and all accounts and made nearly every muster roll of the organiza- tion after lie entered the army. He commanded his company in the actions during the marches of the month of March and was in several skirmishes, among which were Chesterfield, Thompson's Creek and Averysboro. His heav- iest fighting was at Bentonville and he accom- panied the command throughout the remainder of its service until the close of hostilities. He was not wounded nor in hospital, al- though he was several times absent from duty on account of slight illness. He returned from the army to Dartford and in November following w'ent into a printing office there, buj'ing an interest in the Green Lake Spectator with J. W. Oliver. (See sketch.) The}' conducted the paper there until August 1S66, when they removed the plant to Waupun and shirted the publication of the Leader, which they published until Oct. 1, 1871, when Mr. Short sold his interest and removed to Bran- don. He became proprietor by purchase of the journal with whose publication he has since been connected, and has, bj' eftbrt and industry largely increased the circulation and made the paper popular. Mr. Short is the son of Josiah and Susan (McDowell) Short, and his father was born in 1806 and was a farmer. He came to Wiscon- sin in 1851 and died in 1880. The mother was a native of Sullivan Co., New York, and was born in 1809, dying in 1887. John Short, the father of Josiah, was a British soldier in the Revolution and was in the three charges at Bunker Hill. (Breed's Hill.) Later in the struggle, the founder of the family in America deserted from the British army and made his way into the lines of the Continental army and acted during the remainder of the war as a waggoner. In the maternal line of descent Mr. Short is of Holland Dutch and Scotch extrac- • PERSONAL RECORDS. 175 tion. Oct. 19, 1865, he was married to Sarah H. Churchill, who died Feb. 19, 1872. .June 25, 1876 he was again married to Clara A. Hogle of Brandon. Hattie, the daughter of the first wife, is married to Albert Goodall. The children of the second marriage are Mary, Martin C. Jr., and Roy. They were born respectively in August, 1871, September, 1878, and -July, 1882. Mr. Short has been postmaster at Brandon 12 years and was appointed by President Grant and dismissed b}^ Mr. Cleve- land for " offensive partisanship." He is a man who knows why he fought in the federal army and stands sturdily to his guns. He has been Superintendent of the Sunday School of the Congregational Cliurch at Brandon 16 years and officiated in the same capacity at Waupun four years. He acted as Clerk of the School Board 10 years. He is a useful and reliant meiuber of his generation and enjoys the confi- dence and esteem of his fellow-men. He is a charter member of Post No. 136 and has held various official positions therein. He is Master of the Masonic Lodge at Brandon. OSEPH H. WOODNORTH, a prominent business man of Waupaca, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 21, was born Dec. 17, 1845 in the city of New York. His parents were of Engl is) i origin and came to America from Worcestershire in 1842 and formed a part of the element which con- ducted the affairs of the country in that period. They located in the metropolis of the Unitetl States and came to Waupaca in 1856. He was reared there after the age of 11 years and re- ceived a good education and training in an understanding of general affairs which awak- ened in him a comprehension of the duties pertaining to his citizenship. He was only seventeen when he enlisted in Company G, 21st Wisconsin Infantry. He enrolled at Wau- paca, Dec. 29, 1863, and went into the ranks. He served with the 21st until .June 28, 1864, when he was detailed on the personal staff of General George H. Thomas as Orderly, and re- mained in that connection until the close of the war. He was breveted captani by " Pap " Thomas for services on the field, but never mustered and received from the hand of his commander the following tribute, which, con- sidered in view of its source and the time it was issued to him, take precedence of any com- mission in a regular manner that could have been offered him. A verbatim copy is pre- sented. It is without date as might have been expected from the circumstances, as General Thomas was in the full ttush of satisfaction and resting under gratified ambition and patrio- tism. " Headquarters of the Army of the Cum- berland. My Dear Sir: — I have the honor to congratulate you for the heroism and bravery you have this day shown, which I assure you, is fully recognized. We have gained a great victory and you must share the honor. On field of battle, Franklin, Tenn. Geo. H. Thomas. Major-General Commandnig. To Joseph H. Woodnorth." No other comment is needed concerning the character of the services rendered by Captain Woodnorth. He received honorable discharge Sep. 1, 1865, at Nashville, Tenn. On these pages there are nearly twice a score of personal records of the gallant soldiers of the 21st. Every detail of their histories is given and dis- closes the entire service of one of the regiments of which the Badger State is still justly proud. On the roster of the battles of Captain Wood- north are Buzzard's Roost, Resaca, Pumpkin Vine Creek, Big Shanty, Kenesaw, Peach Tree Creek, Atlanta, Franklin and Nashville and he came to Madison to be mustered out. He returned to Waupaca and from 1868 to 1870 officiated as City Marshal. He pros- pected some time in the farther West and after his I'eturn was engaged in the business of a merchant at Waupaca two years. In 1875 he became interested in the bu.siness of a druggist in which he has since operated. He has been Chief of the Fire Department of Wau- paca, Superintendent of the city scliools eight years, two years a member of the County Board, and Register of Deeds five years. In 1883-4 he officiated as Chairman of the Democratic County Committee and in 1886 was candidate for Sen- ator from his District. He was Presidential Elector of the 9th District in 1884 receiving the highest number of votes on the ticket. He was a member of the Democratic State Central Committee four years and has just been ap- pointed Register in the United States Land Of- fice, at Menasha, Wis., 1888. Through his in- strumentality the post at Waupaca was organ- ized and he was its first Commander. He has been conspicuous for his activ- 176 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF Antoine ity in Grand Army matters and is a mem- ber of tlie Board of Trustees of Wisconsin Veterans' Home and an active organizer of posts in Wisconsin. He is President of tlie 21st Volunteer Infantry Association, and is Past Grand Patriarch and Grand Representative of Wisconsin to tlie Sovereign Grand Lodge, I. 0. 0. F. held at Los Angeles, Cal., in September, 1888. He is Past Chancellor of the Knights of Pythias at Waupaca and is Warden of the Ma- sonic Lodge at that place. Captain Woodnorth was married Dec. 26, 1871 to Irene Vaughan. She is the daughter of James Vaughan of Erie Co., New York. Their only child is named Blanche and was born June 1, 1876. ^RANK OLIVE, Menomonee, Mich., member of G. A. R. Post No. 266, was born at Van Kleck Hill, Province of Ontario, April 3, 1840, and is the son of and Esther (Coudjura) Olive. His father was born in France, emigrated at an early age to Canada and, in latter life, was mail messenger between the Provinces and States. He was a soldier in the war of 1812 and en- listed under the name of Antoine Rubroir, the latter being the paternal name of his mother. The family removed to Watertown, Jefferson Co., New York, where the son grew to manhood. He came to Wisc6nsin in 186(5 and operated as a painter at Oconto. He enlisted October 8, 1861, at Oconto, in Company F, 12th Wiscon- sin Infantry for three years and received hon- orable discharge in 1863. From the date of his enlistment, Mr. Olive experienced the varieties of camp life at Madison, joining the forces on their way to the front, marching under stress of weather, eathig frozen rations or without food, sleeping on the ground with the nrercury 20 degrees below zero without protection, and finally reaching Leavenworth, Kansas, in the middle of February to be assigned to the "South- west Expedition" and to marcli a long distance to Fort Scott. The plan being abandoned, more marching was in order and the 12th went to Lawrence, Kansas, and thence to Fort Rdey, expecting to be sent to New Mexico. Another change was made and tlie command went to Leavenworth. The programme of movement was continued and the regiment went to St. Louis and events again changed the route of the command. The rehels had destroyed a railroad in their retreat from Columbus and the regiment was sent to its repair, and also to at- tend to the guerrillas. In June, Mr. Olive went to Humboldt, Tenn., and guarded railroads, and watclied and hunted guerrillas until Octo- ber. Thence he went to Bolivar, next to Poca- hontas and back to LaGrange, to Lumpkin's Mills, Holly Springs, Yocona Creek and Spring- dale Station. In April, he was in a fight on the Coldwater River, where the regiment was on special duty and afterwards, to Memphis. In May he proceeded to take part in the opera- tions against Vicksburg, crossed the peninsula, skirmished all the way and fought in the left wing under General Crocker during the siege. At the date of the surrender Mr. Olive was sick with fever and ague, but he went to Jackson to find his command, and was met by his com- manding officer who inquired how he got there, knowing hini to be unfit for the journey. He was violently ill after it, being delirious and unconscious until September, when .he was sent to Memphis. He was so ill that his comrades were summoned several times to see him die. At Memphis he was exempted from duty and in December, veteranized and received veteran's furlough, which was extended to 43 days. In May he returned to the army, marching 300 milles to connect with the Army of the Ten- nessee near Snake Gap, Ga., and he was in the several actions known as "Kenesaw Mountain." He was in the fight at Lookout and Snake Gap and moved with tlie command to Atlanta. The service performed by the 12th in the action of the day on which McPherson was killed, saved the Federal army from defeat and they re- mained in the trenches there a month. In the action of the 22nd of July, Mr. Olive was in the thickest of the fight where the rebels and Fed- erals were often commingled and could not dis- tinguish friends from foes. His clothes were cut to pieces by bullets and his canteen and haversack ruined. He was in the movement back to Nashville to the assistance of Thomas but was just too late to be in the fight. Mr. Olive went with his command to Savannah skirmish- along the line of movement and was in the ac- tion at Fort McAllister. Thence he proceeded through the Carolinas, going to Beaufort, S. C, by sea and went to Bentonville and later to Goldsboro, joining in the pursuit of Johnston to the surrender. He participated in the Grand Personal records. 177 Review at Washington, where he was mustered out of service. He returned to Oconto and engaged as a car- penter. He went, soon after, to Peshtigo where he remained until 1S71 and passed with his famil)' through tlie horrors of the fire. All the possessions of his family were lost and with his wife and three children, on the night of Octo- ber 8th, he remained in the Peshtigo River. One of the little ones was a babe and died after- wards. Mr. Olive states that the terrors and suffering he endured ni the tire ranked those of the war by all odds. From Peshtigo, Mr. Olive went to Green Bay, destitute of everything, blinded and expecting to lose his sight perman- ently from burns and exposure to the glar- ing light of the fire. Captain Reynolds of Com- pany A, 12th Wisconsin Infantry, saw and recog- nized him as a soldier of his former command, took him in charge and took care of him as he required, like a man and a soldier ot the Union He went to Symco, Waupaca county, where he remanied with his brother until he was well and then he went to Marinette for a short stay. In 1872 he went to Meuomonee and five years later he returned to the scene of his former troubles — at Peshtigo. Two and a half years later he made a final return to Menomonee. He is employed by tlie Luddington, Wells & Van Schaick Lumber Company for whom he has served nine years, (1888). Two of his brothers fought in the war. Michael was in the 12th and Joseph was a member of New York Heavy Artillery. He was a boiler inspector and was killed by the explosion of a boiler he was examining. Sept. 12, 18*)5, the marriage of Mr. Olive and Amelia Grandau took place and their children are Frank J., William Henry, Mary, Lizzie, Ed- ward, .John D., Robert and Lillie May, as men- tioned. Mrs. Oliver is of French origin and was born in Canada. David Plush, a brother- in-law of Mr. Olive, was killed in front of Atl- anta, in 1864. OHN DAVIS of Brillion, Calumet Co., Wis., was born Sept. 3, 1847, on the sea, while his parents were emigrating to America from Bavaria, Aug. 29, 1862, he enlisted as a soldier for theUnion just before he was fifteen years old and was enrolled in Company H, 7th Maryland Infantry for three years ; he re- ceived his discharge M^iy 21, 186.5, at Arlington Heights at the termination of the war. His Captain was named James B. Cochran. He was assigned to 3d Brigade, 3d Division and 5th Army Corps in which were the Iron Brigade, and other Wisconsin regiments. With his command he fought at Marye's Heights, at Malvern Hill and in the battles of the Wilder- ness, where he was hit in the left leg by a spent shot, but did not leave his post and continued to fight through the nine days of activity fol- lowing. He was also a participant in the bat- tle of Getty.sburg, in the assaults on Peters- burg, at the Crater, in the tearing up of the Weldon railroad, in the Shenandoah Valley and at Five Forks and did solid duty with the command until the close of the war, par- ticipating in all in 24 battles and skirmishes. He taken prisoner at the time he was wounded, but escaped after a detention of two hours. He removed to Wisconsin in 1879 and has since resided at Brillion and worked at his bus- iness as a shoemaker until the spring of 1888, when he obtained an appointment as assistant in the Manitowoc Co. Asylum. He has three brothers — August, Christian and Theodore. OSEPH LEE, a deceased soldier of the civil war and formerly a citizen of Northport, Waupaca Co., Wis., was born Nov. 22, 1842, ni London, England. His father, William Lee, emigrated to America about 1855 and located at Briggsville, Dane Co., Wisconsin. The son was there reared on his father's farm and, became a soldier. He en- listed at Madison, Wis., Oct. 5, 1864, in Com- pany H, 11th Wisconsin Infantry, and joined the regiment as a recruit at Brashear City, La., and remained there until Feb. 26, 1865. The interim had been passed in guard and garrison duty and in expeditions in the adjacent coun- try. It was necessary for the soldiers of the command to be constantly on the alert lest boats with supplies for rebels should make their way up the rivers and bayous, and the command was occupied a great share of their time in watching and guarding against contingencies and in ettbrt to destroy the communications of the rebels. In January and February the for- tifications of the city were built and on the day 178 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF stated the regiment went to New Orleans to be brigaded for the attack on Mobile. They pro- ceeded to the scene of action at Spanish Fort and guarded a train while the corps invested the fort. Thence they went to Fort Blakely, where the regiment was in the heat of the action and expo.sed to heavy tire while under orders to drive the rebels into tlieir works. Li the final assault, the 11th Wisconsin made the rec- ord which placed it on par with the others of the State which had been differently connected witli active service. The soldiers planted their flag on the fortifications which tliej^ reached over obstructions of every variety tliat mali- cious ingenuity could devise. The 11th went thence to Montgomery Ala., and returned to Mobile, where guard and provost duty was per- formed until September 5th, when the regi- ment was mustered out and returned to Wis- consin to be disbanded. At Fort Blakely, Mr. Lee received a ball in his left knee which cost him the use of the limb. He was sent to the hospital at Sedgwick, Ala., whence he was discharged April 5, 1865, as unfitted for fur- ther service. Mr. Lee removed from Briggsville to Portage City, Columbia county, and when he able was employed in the machine shops at that place. In 1884 he removed to Northport, and opera- ted as stationary engineer. He continued to reside at that place until his death, which oc- curred Feb. 2"2, ISSS, from acute inflammation of the spleen. In 1863 Mr. Lee was married to Melissa Eddy at Madison and they located at Portage City where the wife died Nov. 24, 1876, leaving four children : William, James, Charles and Rose. May 1, 1878, Mr. Lee was mar- ried to Josephine Alollasau and their chil- dren are named Joseph, Matilda, Harry and Minnie. ENRY M. MONTGOMERY, Pitts- ville, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 73, was born May 20, 1844, at Freetown, Courtland Co., New York, and is the son of Thomas and Eliza Jane (Smitli) Montgomery. Witliin the year of his bii'th his parents removed to Wisconsin and located at Racine, removing thence in 1848, to Sauk county. In 1857, they efiected another removal to Minnesota where they set- tled on a farm. The .son received a common school education at Glencoe and was a farmer until he entered the army of the United States. He enlisted March 14, 1863, in the 3rd Min- nesota Battery, at FortSnelling for three j'ears. He received honorable discharge March 14, 1866, at the same place where he enrolled in the service. The battery was sent to the frontier where the Indians were troublesome and in the contests with the redskins and in guarding the people in the frontier settlements the entire period of his military life was passed. The dangers and hardships were those common to that class of service. About the last of April, soon after enlisting, he was ill and was sent to the general hospital at Fort Snelling, remain- ing under treatment until June, when he went with his battery to the frontier service. During this he was again sick from the effects of drinking alkali water, which was so strong that their coffee was made over night to enable them to drink it. After being discharged at Fort Snelling, Mr. Montgomery returned to his father's where he attended school several terms and, in 1875, came to Wisconsin, settling in Sauk county. In 1881, he returned to Minnesota, and came back to Portage county four years later. In the year following, he became a resident at Pittsville where he is occupied in the business of a carpenter. Mr. Montgomery officiated as Town Clerk of Richmond, Minn., as Constable of the same place and Deputy Sheriff of Meeker county. He was one of the charter members of G. A. R. Post No. 28, in Minnesota, whence he was transferred to G. A. R. Post No. 73 at Pittsville. He was married to Agnes Wilson, Dec. 27, 1S71, and they have the following children: — TIjomas B., Henry M., Eliza Jane. Mary Belle is deceased. ENJAMIN F. ANDREAVS, lola, Wis., belonging to G. A. R. Post No. 99, was born in Painesville, Lake Co., Ohio. He lived in the Buckeye State until he was 13 years old, when his parents, Alvie and Charlotte Rogers (Woodward) Andrews, removed to Wisconsin and located at Oak Grove in Dodge county. When he attained his ma- jority, Mr. Andrews went to Appleton and was a resident of that city 18 months. In 1856 he PERSONAL RECORDS. 179 went to Little River in Waupaca county and thence, after several years to Ogdensburg, which was his home when the rebellion came on. He enlisted in the summer of 18G2 in Company G, 21st Wisconsin Infantry at Waupaca for three years. During his period of service, he was made Corporal and he was discharged June 8, 1865, with his command. The story of the 21st in all its detail is related on many pages of this volume and Mr. Andrews was a participant in all the exposures, hardships, marches and encounters with the confederates in which the regiment was engaged, until the fight at At- lanta -July 28, when he was ill and unable to go into action. He did not go to the hospital and this was the only casualty which overtook him during his service. His roster includes Perry- ville. Stone River, Hoover's Gap, Dug Gap, Chickamauga, Resaca, Dallas, Kenesaw, Peach Tree Creek, Jonesboro, and after Atlanta, the march through Georgia, North and South Carolina, the fight at Bentonville and the march afterwards to Washington, where he witnessed and was a part of the Grand Review. He was in the service nearly three years and, during that time, had only the respite from duty which has been mentioned. On his return to Wisconsin he located in Waupaca county which has since been his resi- dence, with the exception of two years he passed in Lincoln county. In the year of 1883 he lived in Union, Wis., and was Chairman of the Town Board two years. Mr. Andrews is a Republican in politics, and is Adjutant of G. A. R. Post No. 99. He has been engaged as a clerk in mercantile establishments for some years, and in 1885 entered upon the duties of his present position as chief clerk in the com- mercial establishment of 0. P. Hoyard at Tola. He was married at Oak Grove in October, 1867, to Maria Quimby, and their children, Chester F. and Nettie, are both married and reside in lola. ANIEL EMMETT CAREY, Grand Rapids, AVis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 22, was born Oct. 6, 1843, at Three Rivers, Hampden County, Mass., and is the son of John D. and Joanna (Moriarty) Cary, both of whom were born in Halle, County "Kerry, Ireland, respectively in 1811 and 1813. His parents removed in his infancy to Will county. 111., and three years later came to Dodge county in the (then) ter- ritory of Wisconsin, where the son was brought up on the farm. The homestead was sold in the .spring of 1856, his fatlier returning to Massachusetts, but he had tasted the independ- ence of life in the West and in 1857 came back to Wisconsin ; after passing two months at Mineral Point he bought a farm in Adams county, 12 miles from Grand Rapid's and Mr. Carey re- mained at home as his father's assistant until he enlisted, August 22, 1862, in Company K, 25th Wisconsin Infantry at Monroe, for three years. He was made Corporal in 1865 and received honorable discharge June 7th of that year. On the march to the sea he acted as Commissary Sergeant of the regiment without regular appointment, there being no time after Atlanta for minor matters and no regimental papers could be forwarded. The regiment was in rendezvous at Camp Salomon, La Crosse, and went thence to Minnesota, being stationed at Fort Snelling about the time of the massacre at New Ulm. The command reported to Gen- eral Pope and were variously di.sposed. Com- pany K being stationed at Winnebago City (Fort Rusk). In October, Mr. Carey was one of the 12 who were detailed from the command of Lieutenant L. S. Grow, to go to Martin county, 22 miles from Winnebago City, to do frontier duty. One night at 9 o'clock they were attacked by Indians, who were rejjulsed. The redskins circled about them and signaled to each other until daylight, their "meow" betraying their proximity. In the morn- ing tlie grass around the quarters,- a block- house with surrounding breast works, was trampled flat. The Indians had previously burned all dwellings and only one house was in existence for miles. The detachment was mounted and performed the duty of scouts until the 1st of December when they were ordered back to Madison. Tliey marched 250 miles to Winona and thence to La Crosse, their last day's march including -14 miles over rough roads of frozen clay and snow in intense cold weather. At Winona, the citizens gave them a banquet in appreciation of their services. Tliey proceeded to Madison, where Colonel Montgomery applied for furlough for his men without obtaining it. After the refusal of Gen- eral Pope he applied to Governor Salomon who declined the responsibility. Colonel Mont- 180 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF gornery gave them 10 days on his own is- sponsibility at the end of which every man reported for duty but tliree. Colonel Mont- gomery had been notified that the men must wait 10 days for the paymaster and he took the responsibility of making liis men happy meanwhile. In Minnesota the soldiers had had excellent rations, including game and fish. At Madison they had rations of sour bread and loud smelling meat. The men mounted the meat on their bayonets and marched through the camp. Colonel Dill was in command and the 30th regiment was then in rendezvous, which was ordered out under arms to suppre.ss the meat riot. Lieutenant Colonel Nasmith and Colonel Dill had a conflict, the com- mandant undertaking to place Nasmith under arrest but failed ; the matter was adjusted and the discontents received wholesome rations along with the title of the " bloody 25th." In February, 1863, tliey went to Columbus, Ky., where they performed garrison duty until May, when they went to Vicksburg to participate in the siege. They went next to Helena, where they remained until February, 1864, the regi- ment being in a frightful condition from disease contracted in the swamps of the Mississippi. They went next on the Meridian campaign where they performed service in the destruction of railroads and other property' and returned to Vicksburg. Tliey went next to Florence and Decatur, where they had a sharp fight and Mr. Carey was wounded in the third finger of his left hand which was paralysed for five months, but he did not leave his post of duty and he was never absent a day. He was in the fight at Resaca, Dallas, Pine and Lost Mountains, Peach Orchard, Decatur, Jonesboro, Sal- kahatchie. River's Bridge, South Edisto, Wilkes' Mills, Cheraw and Bentonville, and others, including Savannah and Atlanta and, after leaving the latter place, skirmished nearly every day until Goldsboro was reached. After the surrender of Johnston, they marched through Virginia to Washington and partic- ipated ni the Grand Review. Mr. Carey re- turned to Wisconsin and located at Port Edwards where his father had removed. He passed two years as head sawyer in a mill and in running the river. November 10, 1867, he was married to Mary Ann Rawson and moved to Waushara county where he was occupied in farming. In tlie fall of 1870, his wife with her child. Rose Alice, was alone in the house when her clothes took fire and she was so badly burned that she lived only 21 days. He then engaged in blacksmithing and in 1875 was obliged to relinquish that business on ac- count of rheumatism contracted at Macon, Ga. He was engaged nearly three years in the sale of sewing machines and was afterwards occupied as a salesman at Grand Rapids. In 1882 he was elected City Marshall of Grand Rapids and served five years. In 1887 he engaged in the business of a carpenter and then as salesman for a nursery firm. He was married Dec. 23, 1871, to Matilda Ann Rawson, a niece of his first wife and their sons are named John Daniel and Emmet W. Eugene Moriarty, his uncle, was a soldier in the 17th Wisconsin Infantry. Mr. Carey has officiated as Commander of Post 22, and as Officer of the Day. He lias acted in the ca- pacity of Aid on the staffs respectively of Con\- luanders Euos and Cheek of the Department of Wisconsin and as Aid on the staff of Com- mander-in-Chief E. T. Burdett of Philadelphia, of the National Encampment. He also acted as Aid on the staff of General Fairchild and is the leading spirit of the Post at Grand Rapids. ^)SAAC MOSS, of Stevens Point, Wis., 1" member of G. A. R. Post No. 156, was (5I born in Ira, Cayuga Co., New York, April 13, 1838. He is of English line- age, his grandfather, Hiram Moss, who settled in Vermont, being a native of England. Eli- sha M. Mo.ss, son of the latter, was a native of Vermont and fought in 1812 ; he went to Penn- sylvania in 1840. He lived there three years and went thence to Pond River, Mich., where he also lived three years. He then removed to Wisconsin and located in Albion, Dane countj^ on a farm on which he resided until 1849, when he removed to Buena Vista. He died in that place in 1871, aged 85 years. In the ma- ternal line of descent, Mr. Moss is of Irish lin- eage, his grandmother, Lydia Daly, having been of Irish parentage. The mother of Mr. Moss, Harriet L. Daly before marriage, was born in Waterloo, New York, where she became a wife. She died in Albion in 1863, when she was 04 years old. Their family included eight sons and five daughters. Mr. Moss of this sketch was the tenth child of his parents and accompanied them in their PERSONAL RECORDS. 181 several removals, remaining under parental au- thority until he entered the army. He enlisted Oct. 28, 1861, at Stevens Point for three years in the 8th Battery Wisconsin Liglit Artillery. The battery left Camp Utley at Racine, and went to St. Louis wliere orders were received to proceed to Leavenworth and went thence to Fort Scott and Fort Riley. Mr. Moss expected to go to New Mexico but returned under orders to Leavenworth whence the battery proceeded to St. Louis and Kentucky. At Jacinto, Mo., he was taken sick with bilious fever and remained in the hospital at that place about two weeks and was sent thence respectively to luka, and, after three weeks to Union City, Tenn., and to Louisville, Ky. He was assigned to duty at New Albany, Lid., where he was at- tached to a siege-gun battery and after six weeks rejoined his command near Bowling Green. He was in the heavy marcii from there to Nashville and marched with the Array ot the Ohio to Murfreesboro, meanwhile shelling the rebels at White Hills. He then was at- tached to Jthe army of the Cumberland and was a participant in the service accomplished by the batteiy at Stone River and remained in that vicinity until the movement to Chatta- nooga in June. In the battle of Lookout Mountain he "cut" 104 shells in his battery and at Chickamauga and Mission Ridge he was again in the hottest of the artillery service. He was among the veterans of his command and was re-mustered Jan. 26, 1864. After his vet- eran furlough he rejoined the battery at Mur- freesboro in April and was assigned to garrison duty in Fort Rosecrans where he remained until the war was ended and lie was discharged at Milwaukee, August, 10, 1865. He returned to Buena Vista, which was his home until the following spring, when he went to the city of LaCrosse and operated as a con- tractor and builder. In May 1871, he went to Windom, Minn., where he located on a farm and continued his business as a builder. In the fall of 1881, he located at Stevens Point where he has conducted every varietj' of con- tracting and building as he has done in many parts of Wisconsin. His contracts in the spring of 1888, (current year) amount to $20,000. Mr. Moss was married the first time, August 26, 1856, to Amanda C, daughter of Joseph and Hannah Ainsworth, who was born in the ■ city of Buffalo, New York, and died Dec. 5, 1880, leaving five surviving children of whom two have since died. Ina Dessa was born Feb. 3, 1870, and diedOct. 14, 1880. Jessie D. was born Oct. 13, 1880, and died Nov. lltli following. Within seven weeks one child was born and the mother and two children died. Isadore A. was. born Oct. 16, 1857 ; Charles L. B. was born Sept. 16, 1859 ; Eva L., August 14, 1861 ; Ada B. was born Feb. 22, 1872 ; Minnie E. was born Jan. 17, 1875. June 30, 1881, Mr. Moss was married at Windom, Minn , to Angle L. Bart- lett and they have two children. Harriet L. was born Sept. 24, 1884, and Grace E., Marcli 27, 1888. Charles L. is married and resides at Stevens Point, engaged in the same business as his father. Eva L. married William Ainsworth and lives at Wilbur, Neb.; she has two children. Mr. Moss is a leading citizen and a prominent business man at Stevens Point. Joseph Ains- worth, father of his first wife, was a soldier of 1812 and fought at Sacketts Harbor. /^ EORGE N. RICHMOND, a prominent ( > ' | V citizen of Appleton, Wis., was born >^pl April 18, 1821 in Hillsdale, Colum- bia Co., New York. Peleg S. Rich- mond, his father, married Margaret Soule. He was a native of Hillsdale and was descended from English ancestors in two removes. The mother was of French extraction. The son at^ tended the schools in his native town until he was 14, when he went to Lee and became a student in the academy there and, later, attend- ing an academy at Stockbridge, Mass., after which he became interested in the manufac- ture of flour in which business he continued seven years. In 1851 he came to Wisconsin and engaged in mercantile pursuits at Portage until the civil war distracted his attention from his individual concerns. In 1861 he opened a recruiting oftice at Portage and enrolled a company which was known as the Columbia Cavalr}' Company and which was assigned to the 2nd Wisconsin Cavalry as Company E. He received a commission and on the forma- tion of the company was made its Captain. The regiment left the State March 24, 1862, and proceeded to St. Louis, where it received cavalry equipments and in May went to Jeffer- son City. The next remove was to Spring- field, Mo., in three columns, the 2nd Battalion, 182 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF including Company E, being in the left wing. In June, the 2nd and 3rd Battalions proceeded to join the force of Curtis at Batesville, Ark., but were deterred by intelligence that changed their plans and they went to Augusta where they joined Curtis, July 6th after a march of about 400 miles. They went down the Wliite River and had a lively fight with the rebels at Cotton Plant. July lOtli they readied Claren- don where tliey expected to find transportation and supplies, to learn that both had gone, Changes in plans became necessary and Gen- eral Washburn (who had been commissioned such in June,) in command of 10,000 cavalr^^ set out for Helena, Ark., on forced marches. Captain Richmond, commanding the 2nd Bat- talion of the 2nd Wisconsin, was in charge of the baggage and supply trains of the entire command and followed General Washburn to Helena. A march of 60 miles ensued. The 2nd and 3rd Battalions remained at Helena until the last of November, when the cavalry moved to tlie Tallahatchie River to aid in the movement of Grant to the rear of Vicksburg. In February, the battalion was in the expedi- tion to Yazoo Pass and in March went to Mem- phis where Captain Richmond was made Major. In May, the battalion went to the siege of Vicksburg where their service was prominent in the taking of prisoners in the vicinity of the Big Black River, where they were stationed to intercept movements calculated by the rebels to harass the operations in tlie immediate vicin- ity of the besieged city. About nine o'clock on the morning of the 4th of July, news of the capitulation of Vicksburg was received. The 2nd and 3rd Battalions proceeded towards Jackson and on the route had a smart skirmish at Clinton. In the movement. Major Rich- mond was in command of tiie advance skir- mish line on the left and tlie cavalry drovg the rebels into their breastworks and held the lines until supported by infantry and artillery. They reached Jackson on the 10th, every step of their progress having been contested by Johnston, witli vvhom they had daily skir- mishes. Tiieir next business was the destruc- tion of Canton but intelligence was received of large numbers of rebels there in force and they made a detour to receive reinforcements and proceeded to find their information correct. A dash was made and the rebels driven from the town, the force destroying the depots and pub- lic buildings and other property. They were strengthened by a brigade of cavalry under Colonel, afterwards General, Bussey with a sec- tion of artillery. Afterwards, they returned to Jackson and, after the evacuation, went again to Vicksburg. In August, the comm.uid went to Redbone Church and April 27, 1864, re- turned to Vicksburg. In March, Major Rich- mond returned to Wisconsin on furlough and rejoined his command May 11th. He was ranking officer of the 2nd Wisconsin, tiie Colo- nel and Lieutenant-Colonel having been as- signed to other duty. Wiiile under his com- mand the service performed was principall}' keeping the country between the Big Black and ^"icksburg, clear of rebels. In November he resigned and his connection with the army ceased by special Order from the War Depart- ment. Mr. Richmond removed after the war to Ap- pleton and engaged in the manufacture of paper, his establishment being known to bu.si- neiBs circles as the Appleton Paper Mill. In August, 1886 his property was destroyed by fire and he has not since been connected with regular business. He has been associated with local politics in prominent capacities and in 1874 and 1875 served as Member of the As- sembly of Wisconsin. In 1878 he was elected Senator and officiated as such in 1878-79. In 1868 he was elected Mayor of Appleton and re- elected in 1869. In 1871 he was again elected, was re-elected in 1883, served four consecutive terms, closing in the spring of the year, 1887. Mr. Richmond was married March 30th, 1842, to Sarah Jane Hillyer. Their oldest daughter, Catherine Irene, died at the age of twelve ; George H., Hattie May, Lizzie A., and Horace N., are living. Lizzie is the wife of W. E. Mil- ler of Chicago and has a daughter — Marjorie. Hattie May married W. H. Wroe of Medina, Wis., and their children are George and Sadie. George H. married Jennie Noble and they have a son — Guy Fred. The parents of Mrs. Richmond were natives of Granby, Conn. Her motlier belonged to the Jewett family, a line- age prominent in the history of Connecticut. ywan, the father of Mrs. Curtis, came to ^\merica from Scotland in September, 18oS, and the mother, nee Caroline C. (Atherton) Carr, was born in ('onnecticut in 182;j. Mrs. Curtis iiad a numl)er of cousins in the war of the rebell- ion. Mr. Curtis' father died in IS 17 and his mother in 1878. *^w^>-;>»^i <^5«f-»<^5tf-* FREDERICK J. THILKEY of Sey- j. mour, Wis., was born March 1, 1847, IK$>- in Berlin, Germany. He came to America in 1858 and was 16 years old when he became a soldier. He enlisted April 1, 1863 at Fond du Lac in the 38th Wisconsin Volunteers, Company A, for three years. He received honorable discharge at Alexandria, July 2.5, 1865, after the termination of the war. The roster of battles in which Mr. Thilkey was a participant includes Spotsylvania C. H., White House Landing, the last da3''s fight in the Wilderness, Petersburg, Weldon railroad and several other actions of regular warfare and skirmishes. Jul}' 30, 1864, after the firing of the mine at Petersburg, the regiment to which Mr. Thilkey belonged was ordered by General Hartranft to lead the advance in place of one that flinched from the duty ; there were scarcely 100 men fit for service, but two companies moved to obey. One of them, Company D, had reached the command only the night before and came out of the action of that dreadful day with fear- ful loss. The remainder of the regiment were deployed in the second line and were under fire. September 15, 1864, while on the line of the Weldon railroad, he was wandering in a pine grove trying to regain connection with his regiment when he saw three rebels approaching him ; he drew aim on them and they surren- dered. A charge was made immediately after by the Union forces and one of the "butternuts" was killed. Mr. Thilkey was wounded by a piece of a shell in his left arm and leg. But he brought in two prisoners and delivered them at headc|uarters. He was sent at once to the hos- pital, where the surgeon on making the examina- tion of his injuries decided that his arm mu.st be amputated and accordingly "tagged" him for the operation. As .soon as the official had disappeared he dislodged the tag and threw it away, which action resulted in his wounds being properly dressed and cared for and the safety of his arm. From the hospital, he, with a throng of about 700 wounded men were placed on the steamer to be transferred to the hospitals at New Yoik and on Long Island ; 300 of the })00r fellows found ocean burial. Mr. Thilkey was married April 20, 1875 at Green Bay, Wis., to Melvina Nomolen. Their children are two in number — Elmer and Ida. The parents of Mr. Tliilkey were born in Germany. The mother of Mrs. Thilkey was born in Ohio, her father in Virginia. Henry Fielding, the brother of her mother, was au officer in the War of the Revolution. Mr. Thil- key had been interested in farming for a number of years until 1887, when he established himself in the hotel and saloon business. He is a mem- ber of Seymour Post No. 198. JOSEPH NAGREEN, of Black Creek, \\'is., a member of (i. A. R. Post J. W. -Vpplcton, No. 116, was born in Austria, .\pril 10, 1825. He is a soldier by train- ing, liaving served in the Austrian army eight years. He was conscripted into the Prince Carl Infantry and fought in rmmerous battles, among thein the fights in Italy in 1848 — 9. He was not wounded in any. He was a calnnet maker by profession. On coming to 186 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF this country in 1852 he located in the State of New York. He came to lUinois in 1854 and settled at Black Creek in 1865. He enlisted at Sj'camore, May 24, 1861, in F Company, 13th Illinois Infantry for three years. He received honorable discharge May 5, 1864, at Jefferson Barracks, St. Louis, Mo., on account of dis- abilities. He was engaged in the following battles and skirmishes: West Glaze, Oct. 14, 1861 ; Lime Creek, Mo., Oct. 15, 1861 ; Chicka- saw Bayou, Miss., Dec. 27 — 8, 1862 ; Arkansas Post, Jan. 11, 1863 ; Deer Creek, April 7, 1863. In that year he did his last fighting, incurring a sunstroke on the march between luka and Corinth and was placed in the field hospital at luka. He was in the action at Black Bayou, April 10, 1863 ; Jackson, Miss., May 14, 1863; Siege of Vicksburg, May IS, to July 4, 1863 ; Brandon, Miss., July 19, 1863. He was re- moved to Memphis, and five months later went to Jefferson Barracks where he remained two months previous to discharge. At Chickasaw Bayou he was sitting behind a large stump when it was struck by a cannon liall. He was stunned, and Ins first thought on recovery was that he was disabled, and was surprised to find that he could get up and walk away. He was followed by several cavalrymen who were fired on by the Union soldiers. Mr. Nagreen dropjied down among the dead and after the firing ended made his escape. During liis term of service he went home on a furlough and on his return to his command, at Still Spring, he came to a place known as Spring House. Two women invited him to remain all night saving that their father was a Union man. The building was riddled with bullets and he ascertained that 12 guen-illas fired at the father through the sides of the house who acted as a sharpshooter and killed seven of them. In the house also was a sick negro. Mr. Nagreen administered two blue mass pills to the darkey, lanced a swelling from which he was suffering, and in the morn- ing the negro announced "Massa, I's better." He remained three days, and every night at 11 o'clock guerrillas came to look for Union soldiers. The women engaged the rebels in conversation and Mr. Nagreen sat where he could sight the party with loaded gun and bayonet fixed. When he went away he re- warded the women with two new wool blankets he brought from one of the battle fields. They invited him to visit them if he survived the war, but he never saw them again. On his way he met two deserters from the army of General Pine. He hailed them and asked if they wanted tobacco. They inquired if his gun was loaded and he answered "no." They took the toljacco and soon after he met three others deserting, whom he provided with to- bacco also. None of them were armed. W^hcn he reached his regiment and related his adven- tures the colonel told him there was not an- other man in the command who would have dared undertake such a journey alone. Since tlie war, Mr. Nagreen operated in the furniture business untill 1884, when he abondoned it on account of impaired health. He was married in Tioga Co., Pa., Aug. 20, 1853, to Sarali Thomjison, and they had eleven children. Orlando, ^hlrshall, Hattie, Emma, Charles, Vernon and Mertou are living. Frank, Florence, Lavinia and Ida are decea.sed. The latter left a husband and two children. AMES J. OLMSTEAD, of the township of Matteson, Waupaca Co., Wis., form- erly a soldier in the civil war, was born August 9, 1841, in Ross, Renfrew Coun- ty, Canada; he was reared and educated in the Dominion where he lived on a farm until 1858, when he I'emoved to Wisconsin and located at Clintonville and engaged in farming until January, 1864, when he enlisted in Com- pany G, 3rd Wisconsin Cavalry, enrolling at New London for three years. In 1864 he was made a Cbrporal and received honorable dis- charge in November, 1865, at Madison, Wis. He joined the regiment as a recruit and, in March, went to Little Rock, Ark., and thence to Duval's Bluff, moving afterwards toHuntsville, and was occupied until August in picket and guard duty and skirmishing with the rebels and also in escort of sujjply trains. In Sep- tember, Mr. Olmstead was in camp, where he remained during the winter occupied in garri- son duty, as train guard and in skirmishing with guerrillas and bushwhackers. He went to Fort Leavenworth, Kan., and, while out on the plains west of that point, was in an action where 2,000 Indians were routed by 700 Union soldiers. He was subjected to severe hardship in long marches and hard labor in building forts, and he became permanently disabled PERSONAL RECORDS. 187 through excet^sive liihor, want of proi^or food iind expo.siire. After the war he located on a farm in the the township of Matteson and lias since en- gaged in agricultural ]iursuits. He is tho sun of Ephriani and iOsther (Breck- cnridge) Olmstead and his father wiis a soldier in 1812. Mr. Olmstead married Susan Allcn- der and their eleven children tu'c named The- odore J., William P., Alvin, Ellen E., Libhie, Guy W., Sarah .J., Maggie W., Lydia Warren, .Judd and Carleton H. Mr. (,)lmstead is an inflexible Republican and his two oldest sons cast their tirst Presiden- tial votes for Harrison in 1888. /^^^^^ USTAVE BURGHAKDT, of Fond '^ j^ du Lac, Wis., menil)er of G. A. R, Post Xo. 180, was born May 27. 1886, in AUstaedt, (iermany. When he was 15 years old he came tfi America where he arrived August 10, 1851, and he came imme- diately to Milwaukee where his ]iarents estab- lished their residence. AVhen he was 18 years old lie became a resident of Voud du Lac,'which has since been his home and where he was vari- ously occujned until he entered the army. He enlisted September 16, 1861, in a cavalry com- pany which Mas composed of \\'isconsin men, and became IjyassignmentCompany G, 5th Mis- souri Calvar}^ With ten conn-ades who Avere "Turners," he left Fond du Lac for the purpose of enli.sting in a Turner regiment in process of organization at St. Louis, but when they arrived there it was already full. The company of cav- alry referred to arriving from Wisconsin, Afr. Burghardt and one of his companions enlisted tlierein. The company was the first o.iganiza- tion of cavalry raised in Wisconsin and, when General Sigel inspected the troops at St. Louis which were to compose liis division, he was so impressed with its appearance and manifest soldiery (|ualities that it was a.ssigned to duty as his body guard. When he was transferred to the Eastern Department, the organization was assigned as the body guard of his successor. Gen- eral 0.sterhaus, and served in that capacity wliile Mr. Burghardt was one of its members. He was apjwinted Quartermaster Sergeant of the com- pany and the command to which he belonged was in the Western Department and he was in active service while he remained in the army. Among the battles in which he participated were Elm Grove, Pea Ridge and Bentonville. In the spring of 1803 he was ill with swamp fever and otlicr disabilities and he was discharged in ,\pril at St. Louis on account of physicid disabilities. He was incapacitated for labor aliout two years and afterward engaged in buying and selling produce and in other avenues of trade. In 1886 he was appointed T)t'))uty Collector of Internal Revenue in which cajiacity he isstill ofhciating. Fie was married .July 20, 1866, to Amie Sclioeue, of Milwaukee. They have one son and two daughters, named Fred, Lena and Emma. ■►.^'^■'-j>i^ «^*^»«e-<- land. AMES SIMPSON of Osborn Township, Outagamie Co., Wisconsin, and a mem- ber of G. A. R. Post No. 198 at Seymour, was born March 1, 1824, in Leith, Scot- Ilis parents, .John and Margaret (Boyd) Simpson, were Lowlanders and were members of families belonging to the commercial com- munity. His uncle, William Boyd, was a man of superior educational training and belonged originally to the organization known as "the old kirk" which made its ineffaceable record on the race known as Scotch-Irish. Later he con- nected himself with tlie British army and was an othcer during the Crimean war. Mr. Simpson emigrated from Scotland in 1843 to the State of New York and resided in Gouv- erneur, St. Lawrence county, until 1852, when he came to tlie, then, new State of Wisconsin, and remained in Milwaukee about a year before coming to Outagamie county, where he located at Appleton. In the days of his arrival, the thrifty city was in its days of first things. (See sketch of J. F. .Johnston.) About the time he settled in the county he "took up" the farm which has been his home 35 years, including 160 acres and is situated 12 miles north of the city. He pursued his interests on his farm until his plans were interrupted by the war. He en- listed Aug. 29, 1864 in Battery H, 1st Wiscon- sin Heavy Artillery, enrolling at Appleton for one year or during the war. He received dis- charge June 26, 1865 at Fort Lyon, Washing- ton, D. C. Battery H was one of the later com- panies in the completion of the regiment and received the drill customary in the practice of ar- tillerymen — that pertaining to heavy ordinance 188 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF and including light artillery drill and infantry tactics. The battery proceeded direct from Mad- ison to Washington where it was added to the garrison at Fort Lyon and was tliere occupied in repairing the fortifications and in all the variety of garrison duty. A few weeks before discharge Mr. Simpson was taken sick and re- mained in the post liospital until his company was mustered out, when he returned to ^^'■is- consin. His marriage to Sophia Bush occurred June 11, 1856. Their children are named John I., Boyd S., James U. and Robert M. The third is married to Cora Taylor and they have three daughters and a son — Belle, Lela, May and Daniel P. Robert married Theresa Baum. Mrs. Simpson was born in Seneca, New York, and is the daughter of John Bush. He was prominent as a patriotic citizen of the Empire State and was a soldier of 1812. With her hus- band she has been a part of the pioneer history of Outagamie county and remembers well her emotions the first time she saw the smoke from the homes of neighbors. Mr. Simpson is re- garded as one of the substantial and reliable citizens of the county. He acted 13 yyars as mail messenger in the early days. He has been a Magistrate of Osborn a member of years and enjoys the trust and confidence of the com- munity of which he is a member. ;p::>^RANCIS E. ALLEN, Antigo, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 78, was born Nov. 27, 1845, at Shed's Corners, Madison county. New York. He was lirought up in his native State and, Avi- gust 8, 1863, before he was 18 years old, he en- listed in Company D, 15th New York Cavalry at Syracuse for three years. In 1864 he was made Corporal and was discharged August 10, 1865, at Louisville, Ky. The regiment was in rendezvous on Staten Lsland, receiving military instructions and went thence to (Jamp Stoneman in Ma'ryhmd on the Potomac below Washington, where they were equipped and went thence to Harper's Ferry and until tlie winter of 1863 en- gaged in the pursuit of Mosliv. Mr. Allen was first in action at Snicker's Gap where Lieutenant Hampton of his company was captured. The regiment went to Burlington, W.Va., and spent the remainder of the winter in scouting in the mountains. In the spring of 1864 the regiment was attached to the command of Sigel at AVin- chester and went thence up the Shenandoah Valley and Mr. Allen was in the fight at New Market where Sigel was defeated and retreated to Woodstock, to be superseded by General Hun- ter, under whom an advance was made up the valley and the l)attle of Piedmont was fought on the 5tli of June. Early was defeated and the command went through Staunton to Lexington, where they destroyed the Virginia Military In- stitute, cros.sed the James River and tlie Blue Mountains near the Peaks of Otter, advancing on Lynchl)urg where the Federal troops were de- feated after two days' fight. The rebels were weak, l)ut the Federal attack was delayed and spiritless. The rebels had telegraphic commu- nications with Richmond and re-enforcements M'ere hurried forward. On the evening of the second day Hunter caused In-ight camp fires to be lighted which induced tlie rebels to believe that the Federal troops were resting and there- treat of Hunter's troops commenced. They moved to Salem, 50 miles distant, destroying the bridges and de})nts. It was the intention of Hunter to return through the mountains and the rebels sent a force to intercejit and with axes they slashed 12 niiles of timber; it has ever since remained a mystery why the entire force was not captured. The retreat could not be made by the route of their advance and the Shenan- doah A'alley was practically left open to the rebels, of which fact Early took advantage and made his celebrated raid on Washington, which alarmed the entire Nation. The rebels pressed sharply upon them at Salem and desperate fights ensued, as entire destruction was the alternative; it being necessary to remove the felled timber to make way for the trains, ambulances and artil- lery. These were sent' for\\'ard with infantry guard, followed by the main body of the troops, the cavalry holding the rear, upon whom fell the principal hardships. This was one of the mo.st terrific events of the war; there were not amlju- lances to carry the wounded, and men with in- juries above their legs were obliged to march. Rations were exhausted and there was only one issue of six ounces of flour to each man and the cattle driven through the day, were eaten at night. From Salem to the valley of the Kana- wha was nine days heavy march, during which the men stripped the bark from birch trees to obtain food. They passed through White Sul- phur Springs and pressed on to meet expected PERSONAL RECORDS. 189 supplies, but the rebels had become alarming and the trains fell back 40 miles, to which i)oint the troops marched, arriving in such exhausted condition that the rations were issued witli the care required in starvation. Tliey marclied thence to f-liarleston and, as soon as transporta- tion could be obtained, went on the Kanawiia and Ohio Rivers to Parkersburg, W. ^'a., whence tliey traveled on the Baltimore & Ohio railroad to ilarper's Ferry. In the movement of Early upon Washington, Mr. Allen, with his regiment, was in the tight of July "iOth at Winchester and, soon after, Sheridan superseded Hunter and the 15th New York was assigned to the command of General Custer. He was in the battle of Win- chester, after which the regiment went to Cum- land to be newly ecpiiitped. During their ab- sence the 1 lattles of Fishers Hill and Cedar ( 'reek had Ijeen fought and after they made connec- tion with Sheridan's command in November, they engaged in scouting. Mr. Allen Avas in the action at Lacy's Springs in Decemlier, where they were attacked l)y i-e))el cavalry, the charge being made in a thick fog, Custer's command receiving the attack with drawn sabres and re- treating. They went into winter quarters at Winchester .January 2, 18G5, performing scout and picket duty until Fel^ruary '22nd, wlien they started for Petersburg, encountering the rebels at Mount Crawford, driving them liack through Staunton to Waynesboro where they captured Early's supplies and about 1,600 prisoners. They proceeded next down the Virginia Central road which they destroyed and also destroying the aqueducts and locks on tlie .lames canal and crossed the James River to White House Land- ing on the Pamunky River. The brigade to which the loth belonged, moved next to the rear of Richmond, driving in the pickets and crea- ting a great panic. Tlie church l>ells were rung and reljcl troops hastened to resist what was sup- posed to be an onslaught of Sheridan's entire force, but before the rebels were in position the bi-igaile was falling liack to AVhite House Land- ing. They crossed the .James River at l^ermuda Hundred and joined Grant before I'etersljurg. Sheridan was re-enforced by two corps of infan- try and the command became the left wing of (Grant's armv and fought the battle of Dinwid- dle C. H. Marcli :!1. Mr. Allen was in the bat- tle of Five Forks where the 1.5th New York led Custer's charge tliat terminated the l)attle; 5,000 prisoners were captured and they received news the same day of the occupation of l*et(>rsliurg. Mr. Allen was in the movements in which Lee's army becumi; demoralized and was in the fight at Sailor's Creek. He was in the saddle con- tinuou.sly during tlie retreat of Jjce and in Cus- ter's cliarge on the re) )el artillery at Burke's Sta tion where the Jjieutenant Colonel, A. R. Root, was killed. (After the surrender, the}' sought for his body and was told Ijy a woman that a Federal officer had been buried in her garden the night ])revious and, on opening the grave, they found the l)ody of Colonel Root, one of the l)ravest othcersof that campaign and whose name adorns many pages of American history of the civil war.) Mr. Allen was in tlie action on the 9th of xVpril in which Custer's command led a charge and, as they moved forward, he discov- ered a rebel officer approaching on a running horse, fluttering a Ijrown linen towel in his hand as a flag of truce and he rode fairly upon Mr. Allen, yelling for the officer of command. He was conducted to General Custer who passed the word to lialt tlie command. The officer stated that General Lee offered to surrender on condi- tions and Custer responded "unconditional .sur- render or none; I can whip you with my cav- alry alone." He wheeled his command into line and conducted the rebel to Sheridan. Mean- while they were charged l)y Rosserand they un- slung their carbines and returned a tire that .stopped the assault. They fell liack and Rosser sent a flag of truce and an apology, stating that he was not aware of the former flag of truce. Soon after, Custer returned to his command with the intelligence of the .surrender, which was greeted witli n)unds of cheers. The ivgiment .started, after the surrender of Ia'c to join Sher- man, but the surrender of Johntson, closing the war, they went to Washington to participate in the final scenes. After the (Jraiid Review the loth and (ith New York Cavalry were consoli- dated under the name of the 2nd New York I^rovi.sional Cavalry, from which he was dis- charged. Mr. Allen returned to his hoiue and attended school until February, Ih66, when he came to Wisconsin and engaged in lumbering in the woods and on the river for five years, making his residence at Oshkosh. He went thence to Marion, Waupaca county, where he operated eight years as a farmer. In 1881 he located at Antigo where he has since been connected with the progress of the city. He is a practical sur- veyor and is engaged in the prosecution of that business. He was married August 26, 1871, to 190 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF Theresa Braiuard, and their four children are named Viola May, Erwin B., Albert A., and Lela Myrtle. A daughter named Fern, twin with the last named child, died when about four years old. Another daughter named Nel- lie Fern died at 14 months old. Mr. Allen is the son of Benajali and Cliloe (Messenger) Allen. His brotlier, Benjamin, was a soldier in the 114th New York Infantry. William B. Brainard, the father of Mrs. Allen, was a soldier in the 21st Wisconsin Infantry. Theodore compton, of Merriii, Wis., a member of Post Lincoln, No. 131, was born in Veteran, Chemung Co., New York, May 14, 1826. He is one of the charter members of the Grand Army organization at Merrill and is present Chaplain, (1888) which office he has filled, almost without intermission, since the establishment of the Post. He attained to the estate of legal manhood in his native county and he fitted himself for the business of a wagon manufacturer, which he pursued until his failing health compelled him to exchange his occupation for farming. At the date of the war of the rebellion he was on a farm in Bradford Co., Pa., and, when he determined to enlist he went to the State where he was born, to enroll as a soldier. Sept. 2, 1804, he enlisted in Company I, 112th New York Volunteer Infantry at Avon, for three years. He received honorable discharge at Buffalo, July 2, 1805. His first enrollment was in the 28th New York Battery but, before leav- ing for the scenes of war, he was transferred to the regiment mentioned and went to the front as a recruit, joining the command at Chapin's Farm, Va. Oct. 27th he was in the fight at Hatcher's Run and later at Fort Fisher. Pre- vious "to that he participated in the livel}^ skirmishing which characterized that period. He was in the dangerous work of obtaining possession of the Weldon railroad and partici- pated in the attempts on its capture in Septem- ber. After the surrender of Fort Fisher he went to Wilmington and thence to Raleigh and to Buffalo for discharge. Returning from the war, he bought a farm in Bradford county on which he was a resident two years and went thence to his native county where he was the manager of the property of his grandfather five years. The year after he passed in the grocery business and found it an unfortunate venture. He was a man of me- chanical turn of mind and he picked up a practical understanding of the trade of a car- penter which he followed in that State until the fall of 1870, when he removed to Merrill, then known as " -Jenney." He was the pos.ses- sor of a visible capital of $1.15 and found his services as a carpenter in immediate demand, which he made available and operated in that capacity and as a mill-wrigiit until his election as a Justice of the Peace in March, 1884. He is still the incumbent of the office. He has been active and prominent in school affairs at Merrill and has officiated on the Board and as Treasurer. He was married Jan. 1, 1851, to Maria Kline and they have thi-ee sons — John G., married Dora A. Smith, Stephen F. married Lizzie E. Wilson, and Willie G. Anna Lavinia, only daughter, died in early infancy. Garrett and Anna (Valleau) Compton, the parents of the subject of this sketch were born in New Jersey. His grandfailier on the mother's side was a soldier of 1812 and a pensioner. Stephen, his brother, enlisted in a New York regiment in which he was Orderly Sergeant; he was wounded by a shell. Daniel was in the same regiment, (188th New York) was 1st Duty Sergeant, and was afterwards promoted to Orderly Sergeant. The latter was wounded in the abdomen by a bullet which has never been extracted. Orville, another brother, was in a Battery. Brainard went out in a Pennsylvania regiment and died at Arlington Pleights of chronic diarrhfea. The famil}- of Mrs. Comp- ton were from Renssalaer Co., New York, and went thence to Pennsylvania when she was a child. Her grandfather, Henry Kline, an old man still living when she was married, was in the Revolution. Her brother, James E. Kline, was a prisoner at Libby and died there ; he was captured at Shepherdstown, Va. (IHN COWLING, a resident of Oshkosh, Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 241, was liorn Nov. 10, 1843, in C'ambridge- .shire, England, and is the son of David and Alice (Cox) Cowling. His ancestors were farmers in England and in the paternal line of PERSONAL RECOEDS. 191 descent lie i.s of English extraction. His ma- ternal giandniother was of French origin and her family name was Pinneo. Mr. (fowling was eight years olil when he came to America with his parents in 1851, and they came from New York directly to ^Mnland, Winnehago Co., Wis., where his father engaged in farming and the son was trained in the same vocation, in which he was engaged nntil the war. He enli.sted when 19 years old, Au- gust 12, 1862, at Oshkosh in Company C, 21st Wisconsin Infantry, for three years. He was slightly wounded Sep. 19, 1863, on the first day of the fight at C'hickamauga, hut was not suffi- ciently injured to go to the liosjiital, and he re- ceived no other injury until his discharge at Washington, .June 12, I860. The ro.ster of the hattles in which ^h-. Cowling was engaged in- cluded the full list of the regiment. His first action was at Perryville, after encountering all the hardship of exposure in the trenches at Covington and Louisville and he was after- wards in the fight at Stone River and Hoover's Gap, and moved thence to guard the with- drawal of the Union forces at Dug Ciap and fought at Chickamauga. He was in the hattle of Kesaca, fought at Dallas, Kenesaw Moun- tain and Peachtree Creek, in the Atlanta cam- paign, was engaged in the siege of that city and afterwards fought at Joneshoro and, after pursuing Hood to the Tennessee River, moved in the columns of Sherman in the camjiaign through (Georgia, in which he skirmished and foraged and destroyed rebel supplies and did everytlung in his power to aid in crippling the strength of the rebellion on the way to Savan- nah. He was in the actions in the vicinity of that city and afterwards went to Beaufort Is- land and thence to Fayetteville and was in the fight at Bentonville, afterwards marching to Goldsboro and Raleigh. The regiment per- formed heavy marching and went through \'irginia to Washington into camp on the Potomac River until ^hiy 24th, when it par- ticipated in the Grand Review and afterwards returned to Wiscon.sin. Mr. Cowling returned to Oshkosh and, dur- ing the next 10 years, was engaged in teaming and contracting. In 1876, he liecame con- nected witli the fire department as driver of the steam fire engine and afterwards entered the employ of Carleton, Foster & Co. He officiated four years as their foreman and operated in their interest in their lumber mills. He was married Nov. 1, 1865, to Mary E. Jones and their children are named .John E., Clarence A., and William. Mrs. Cowling is the daughter of Lyman S. Jones, who was born in Maine, and her mother was also a native of that State. She is one of 12 children — 10 sons and two daughters. ]*"'our of her brothers were soldiers in the kite war and were all enlisted men in (_'om]iany I>, 21st Wisconsin Infantry. Augus- tus Francis and (ieorge T. Jones enlisted Au- gu.st 11, 1862, and Hiram Jones enlisted two days later. They all returned from the service, three of them being discharged for disability. They were the only ones of the 10 brothers who were old enough to enlist. Mr. Cowling has three Ijrothers and a sister. His brother George enlisted in the 3rd Wisconsin Infantrj', and was the only one beside himself who was old enough to become a soldier. In lS8(i Mr. Cowling was elected a member of the City Council to represent the (itli Ward for one year. He ran on the Republican ticket in a ward with 250 Democratic majoritj' and was elected by 240 majority. In the following year he was re-elected for a terra of two years and is serving at the pi'esent writing (1888.) Dur- ing the summer of 1888 he had charge of the addition of a section of Riverside cemetery which presents a ]iractical proof of his good taste and ability. In the fall of 1888 he ac- cepted a ]ii)sition with the l)usiness firm of Conlee Brotbers of Oshkosh in whose interests he is otfieiating as princi])al scaler. OHN E. LEAHY, a prominent business man of Waueau, Wis., and member of G. A. R. Post No. 55, was born Feb. 15, 1842, at Dover, New Hampshire. He is the son of Daniel and Mary (Eagan) Leahy. His parents went to West Brookfield in his in- fancy and afterwards removed to Great Falls, New Hampshire, where they remained until 1847 when they located at Roxbury, Mass., and in 1849, came to Wisconsin where the sons were reared to manhood. Captain Leahy was in his minority when the civil war opened and was nearly 22 when he entered the army. He enlisted Jan. 19, 1864, in Company C, 35th Wisconsin Infantry, and was made 2nd Lieu- tenant on the organization. The regiment was organized under Colonel Henry Orff and left 192 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF the State April 18, 1864, under orders for St. Louis, where they received further orders to proceed to the Red River country but went in- stead to New Orleans and were sent to Port Hudson. Captain Leahy was promoted to 1st Lieutenant at that place and was oc- cupied in guard and fatigue duty. June 26th the regiment went to Morganzia to be assigned to the 1st Brigade, 3rd Division and 19th Army Corps. InJuly the brigade wenttoArkansas where they performed guard duty, scouted and worked on tlie fortifications until August when they returned to Morganzia. Captain Leahy was in the expedition to Simmsport where he was in several skirmishes and went afterwards to Duvall's Bluff on the White River in Arkan- sas. In November the regiment went to Browns- ville to guard a railroad and intercept Price. In December they were at Duvall's Bluff where they were assigned to the Reserve Corps of the Military Division of West Missippi,where the command performed duty until February 1865. They went ne.xt to Algiers, La., and, in the same month, went to the as.'sault of Mobile and in March were engaged in the siege of Spanish Fort. The reached Fort Blakely after the capit- ulation and went into camp below Mobile. They moved successively to Whistler's Station, Nannahubba Bluffs and Mackintosh' Blutts in Alabama, and engaged in erecting fortifications until the rebels abandoned their holdings. They next went into camp at Mobile and in June received orders to proceed to Texas. They were .stationed at several points on the coast and on tlie Rio Grande and mustered out at Brownsville and returned to Wisconsin. Cap- tain Leahy received his commission as Captain March 17, 1866. He returned to Wisconsin and in 1866 removed to Wausau where he be- came engaged in extensive lumber interests. He is associated (I8S8) with Matt P. Beebe in the manufacture of lumber, lath, shingles, etc., the firm name being Leahy & Beebe. He was married Sept. 30, 1871, to Mary D. Mc- Crosson. They have no children. Thomas McCrosson, brother of Mrs. Leahy, enlisted in Company B, 14th Wisconsin Infantry and re- ceived lionorable discharge on account of disa- bility incurred in the service. Captain Leahy was but seven years old when he came to Wisconsin, which was in the first year of its existence as a State; he has therefore, practically grown up with the commonwealth. He is a man of natural ability and possesses business qualifications which have been called into action in the development of the resources of Wisconsin and he has been noted in his con- nection witli the lumber interest of the State. He is an honored and respected citizen of Wau- sau and is ju.stly considered a sul)stantial mem- ber of its business community. UGENE K. ANSORGE, resident af Green Bay and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 124, was born Sept. 23, 1843, in Christofsgrund, Bohemia. He is the son of Anton and Caroline (Richter) Ansorge. His father was a mechanic and farmer in Bohemia and his mother was a de- scendant of a family, famous in the wars of that country. Her father, Wenzel Richter, was a soldier in the Austrian army during the wars of Napoleon and was connected with military service 14 years. He belonged to the cultivated claiss and became prominent in civil affairs after leaving the army. The father of Anton Ansorge died at Manitowoc at the age of 96, having accompanied his son to America. Mr. Ansorge of this account was between eleven and twelve years old when he came to tiiis country and landed with his parents at tlie port of New York, coming direct to Manitowoc, Wis. They located in the woods, the father purchasing a 40-acre tract on which not a stick had been cut. The son assisted in all the labor of clearing a place, to erect a house and in the manufacture of shingles in which his father engaged as soon as practicable. He also worked as a carpenter and engaged in other vocations as opportunity offered until he became a .soldier. He enlisted Jan. 4, 1865, in Company F, 45tli Wisconsin years. On the was made Ser- discharge July the war being Infantry, at Madison for three formation of the company he geant and received honorable 17, 1865, at Nashville, Tenn., ended. The companies left the State as enlisted and went to Nasliville. The trust and confidence witii which Mr. Ansorge was regarded may be inferred from the special duty to which he was assigned and which will be manifest from the extract given from General Order, dated June 4th, 1865 : " Sergeant Eugene Ansorge of Company F, with 15 men, is hereby ordered to report at 5 o'clock a. m. to-morrow, 5th instant, at Chattanooga Depot as train guard. By cHo.;. -'lDMLc^^ si. ^dj-J^'^-^^. PERSONAL RECORDS. 193 Order of Col. Henry F. Belitz, Com. 45tli Wis- consin Vol. Inf." His commission as Sergeant is dated May 6, 1865, to take effect from Feb. 8, 1865, and is signed b)^ Col. Belitz, of the 45th. Mr. Ansorge returned to his father's farm in Manitowoc and, several months later, went to Franklin, Mo., where he operated as a carpenter for the Pacific railway corporation engaged in building depots and other structures necessary to their operations. He remained in the State two years, working a part of the time in St. Louis. In June, 1867, he started in business on his own account as contractor and builder which he followed as long as he was able. He returned with impaired health to Wisconsin and recovered slowly. In the spring of 1868 he again inaugurated as a builder in Manitowoc county. In December of the same year he engaged as solicitor for an insurance company and opened his first ottice at Oconto, representing the Milwaukee Mechanic's Mutual and remained there four years. In February, 1873, he came to Green Bay and manages one of the leading insurance offices in the cit^^, conducting the local business of the most prominent insurance concerns in this counti-y and in Liverpool and London, England. He has acted as Common Councilman at Green Bay, but is in no sense connected with politics. He was married Sept. 28, 1870, to Johanna Ansorge and they have three children living. Their names are Clara, Herman and Flora. Herman (1st) and Walter are deceased. Wenzel R. Ansorge, his brother, was a soldier in the 9th Wisconsin. Ernst, brother of Mrs. Ansorge, was in an Illinois regiment and was killed at Perryville. E^AJOR WILLIAM HENRY UP- vV///,\% ^^^^ ^^ Marshfield, Wis., Com- mander of G. A. R. Post No. 110, (1888.) He was born at Westminster, Massachusetts, May 3, 1841, and is the son of Alvin and Sarah (Derby) Upham. His father was born August 2, 1799, at West- minster, and was married at tlie same place and in 1850 removed to Niles, Mich., where he was engaged for some years in mercantile busi- ness. His death occurred in March, 1851, at Niles, Mich. His wife .died in Racine in September, 1878. They had nine cliildren all of whom are living but three. Major W. H. Upham of this sketch, is the eighth child of his parents in order of birth and he is the eiglith in order of descent from the founder of his family, John Upham, who came from England to America in 1635. John Upham was probably born in Somerset- shire about the beginning of the 17th century and rc^presented unmi.xed English stock, dating back for at least four centuries. He came to America with his wife Elizabeth and three children accompanying a colony from his shire under the conduct of a minister of the estab- lished church named Joseph PIull. He was active in the settlement of Weymouth, Mass., and later located at Maiden, where he died Feb. 25, 1681. His gravestone is still to be seen in the burial ground at that place where the first settlers were buried. Phineas Upham, a son who was born about the time of the arrival of the family in America became prominent in the history of Maiden and Worcester, Mass., and distinguished himself in the struggles with the Indians ; he was a Lieutenant in King Philip's war. In the storming of Fort Canonicus which was a stronghold of the Narragansetts, and which occurred December 19, 1675, he was seriously wounded and died from his injuries in October, 1676. He mar- ried Ruth Wood and their son John is the for- bear of Major Upham in the fifth remove. The successive ancestors were named respectively Samuel, Jonathan (1st), Jonathan (2nd), and Alvin. John Upliam married Abigail Hay- ward ; Samuel married Mary Grover ; Jonathan (1st) married Martlia .Jackson ; Jonathan (2nd) was a soldier and pensioner of the war of the Revolution and married his second cousin, Sarah Upham. Alvin Upham was their oldest son. Calvin Hoadley Upham, first born child of Alvin and Sarah Upham, is a prominent citizen of Ripon, Wis. He was for many years a merchant at Sliawano and during the war of the rebellion was Captain, and Commissary of Subsistence. He was in tiie service in tiie De- partment of the Gulf and after the war was Postmaster for some years at Ripon. Major Upham came to Wisconsin with his mother in 1853, and attended the school of Col. J. G. McMynn, now of Madison, Wis. When the probai)ilities of war became subject of popular discussion in Wisconsin in the months prior to the precipitate action of the South in April, 1861, tiie spirit of patriotism was rife at Racine, and Major Upham was 194 SOLDIERS ALBUM OF among those who hastened to enroll in the Belle City Rifles, an organization which in- cluded the flower of the youth of that city. Under the flrst call for troops, the organization reported to Governor Randall and were mus- tered into the 2nd Wisconsin Infantrj' as Com- pany F. This was the only Wisconsin regi- ment that was in the first battle of the war and the name of William H. Upham is on the first list of soldiers as wounded and incarcerated in a rehel prison. He enlisted in May, 1861, was mustered into service at Camp Randall, Madi- son, .June 11th, and one month and one day after leaving Wisconsin, he had passed through all the varieties of militarj' service which con- stitutes a veteran soldier. Althougli but a boy, Ins strength of character had made him already conspicuous at Racine, where he was the object of great interest and many hopes. After the disaster at Bull Run, it was only known of him that he wa.=! shot down and, his comrades wrote to his parents at Racine announcing his death. The excitement and anxiety in tliat city, which had sent a full company to the front, was in- describable. The letter was received at Racine and .John Tapley, the postmaster, announced its arrival to a crowd of citizens within the ottice. They demanded that the letter should be opened and, after demurring in view of his obligations as a government otticial, for some time, it was finally decided that the oc casion justified the act and the letter which brought the news of all casualties in Company F was read. The intelligence brought of three soldiers killed, nine wounded rfnd several miss- ing who were supposed to be dead, involved the city ni mourning. The funeral sermon of Will- iam H. Upham was preached in the First Presbyterian Church by the Rev. Mr. Hutchins. At that date, the subject of the discourse was in rebel bondage at Libby in the city of liichmond, where he recovered from his wound and re- mained seven months. He was then paroled, went to Washington and reported to the officers of his command and was taken to President Jjincoln to whom he gave a succinct statement of affairs in the South of which lie had gained a valuable knowledge througli observation and experience, and his apparent abilities and clear sightedness so pleased the President that he im- mediately appointed him a cadet to West Point. He was the first private volunteer soldier who had ever received such an honor. The appoint- ment was made in June, 1862, and young Ujaham was graduated in 1866 as 2nd Lieutenant and assigned to the 5th U. S. Artillery. In 1867 he was transferred to the 4th U. S. Battery ; in 1869 he was promoted 1st Lieutenant and re- signed his commission within the same year. While connected with the "oth" the command was on duty at Fortress Monroe, where Jeff Davis was held in custody pending his trial and Major Upham had an opportunity to obtain a thorough knowledge of the character of the fallen confederate chief. After leaving the service of the United States he returned to Wisconsin and, soon after, en- tered the employ of the Slauson & Grimmer Lumber Company at Kewaunee, with whom he was connected about two years. Meanwhile he had been observing the outlook of the times and the opportunities presented in Northern Wiscon- sin in the lumber business and in 1871 he went to Shawano county and built a sawmill at Angel- ica. Associated with his Drother, Charles M., he operated at that point until 1879. Marsh- field was platted and organized tliat year and the feasibility of the place as a prospective bus- iness center impressed him strongly and he lo- cated there in the midst of an uncut wilderness and built a saw and shingle mill which was the nucleus of an unprecedented influx of popula- tion and business. The establishment of the interests of the Upham Manufacturing Com- pany have seemed almost the work of magic, so rapid was the growth and so wide spreading the influence. The progress of Marshfield was of the most substantial and solid type until the summer of 1887, when, on the 27lh day of June, a destructive fire laid the business por- tion of the place in ashes. But the spirit of Major Upham was still at the fore and, two days afterwards, the work of reconstruction commenced and the plucky little city, which had before been built of wood was, within six months practically reproduced in solid brick and stone and the progress of the city again went on, after an insignificant delay. The prosperity of the place from first to last is the direct outgrowth of the enterprise of the Upham Manufacturing Company, whose operations as manufacturers are exceeded by no other firm in Wisconsin. Their products include everything made of wood, and their works comprise a furniture fac- tory with all accessories, machine shops and an extensive flouring mill. The capacity of . the flouring mills is 200 barrels a day. The PERSONAL RECORDS. 195 mercantile connections of the company are commensurate with the other rehitions of the business plant, of whose extent no adequate conception can be conveyed in words and of which Major William H. Upham, who is the President of the company, is the founder and leading spirit. In the varied industries 500 men are employed, 300 of whom reside at Marshfield and tlie annual transactions of the corncern amount to $600,000. During the hours of terror and despair which followed the destruction by fire, the character of Mr. Upham was displayed in a manner which will never fade from tlie memories of the people of the State and the immediate beneficiaries of his forethouglit and decision regarded him in that ih'eadful hour as an angel of light. Multitudes were homeless and without food, and the influence of Mr. Upham, who telegraphed to his hosts of friends far and wide, brought the necessary assistance with little delay. And, as soon as the first wants were met, knowing that hope for the future was the best remedy to apply, at the first possible moment he announced his plans and proceeded to put them into immediate o[>eration.. No necessity was too small to engage his in- terested attention and secure prompt alleviation, and no plan for the future which contained a promise of benefit to the needy was too great for the scope of his ability. While Major Upham has not considered tiie municipal affairs of Marshtield beneath his position, lie has declined the emoluments of Congressional honors which might have been his, had he so elected. He wisely decides that his local in- terests reflect on his character all the honor to which a citizen need aspire. Major Upham was the founder of the G. A. R. Post at Marshfield of which he has been Commander for successive years. He is a mem- ber of the Loyal Legion and served as Aid on the Staff of Department Commander, Lucius Fairchild with the rank of Major. After the death of President Garfield he was appointed by President Arthur on a commission to visit the Annapolis Naval Academj'. Major Upham was married at Racine Dec. 10, 1867, to Mary C, daughter of James H. Kelley, a prominent citizen of the Belle City and a heavy dealer in lumber. The ancestry of Mrs. Upham in the paternal line were settlers in New York, where her father was born. Her mother, Emily C. Hussey, before marriage, (now de- , ceased) was descended from Massachusetts stock which located at Nantucket and was connected with tlie best families of the island, the astrono- ner Mitchell lieing a cousin. The portrait of Mr. Upham which appears on page 192 is a copy of a photograph taken in 1888. ILLIAM R. ENDERBY, a farmer on section 35, Preble township. Brown Co.. Wis., and formerly a soldier of the civil war, was liorn .Jan. 30, 1841, in Lincolnshire, England. His parents, John and Eliza (Slierritt') Enderby, were both natives of England and came to America in 1854 ; they located in Wisconsin, settling in Freedom, Outagamie county, where they were farmers until 1857, and in that year located in the township of f-'reble. Mr. Enderby entered the army within tlie first year of the war, enlisting Oct. 19, 1861, in Company H, 12tli Wisconsin Infantry, at Green Bay, for three years. Dec. 31, 1863, he was discharged at Natchez, Miss., to become a veteran and he re-enlisted the same day in the same company and regiment. He received final discharge July 16, 1865, at Louisville, Ky., under special order of the War Department. Mr. Enderby was in rendezvous at Madison with his regiment and on going to the front was in all the exposure and useless movements which involved all the hardships of military service in an inclement season and in which he made the long marches which covered all the time until the spring of 1863, when he was first in action at Cold Water and went thence to the Siege of Vicksburg. A part of his regi- ment was in the action at Jackson and his brigade went to Natchez in August where the command remained until the regiment was re- organized after the bulk of its numbers had veteranized. Mr. Enderby was a participant in the work of the Meridian expedition in which the 12th did a large amount of business, cal- culated to cripple the resources of the rebels and marched over 400 miles. He returned to Wisconsin in the .spring of 1863 on his veteran's furlough and, on returning, became a member of the Army of the Tennessee and took jiart in the actions preceding the Atlanta campaign with the troops under Sherman. He was taken with chronic diarrhea and went to the hospital at 196 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF Huntsville, Ala., and succesively to the hospitals at Nashville, Tenn., and Louisville, Ky., and, after recovery, went to join his regiment going by way of New Yoik to Pocotaligo and to Wil- mington, N. C, and made connection with the command of Sherman. On the day before the surrender^of .Johnston, while on picket duty at Pocotaligo, he was struck in the throat by a spent ball. The hardships of the Meridian march caused varicose veins of the right leg and the march to Washington after the close of hostilities caused the same trouble in his left leg. After being discharged with his regiment he returned to Wisconsin and has since been a farmer. He was married Sept. 8, 1865, to Eliza Ann Jeffry. Their children who are living are named Annie Eliza, ,Tohn T., May L., William L., Carrie .Jane, Robert G., Wilbert M., Albert H., Duane M., Lottie A. and I^oella A. Melinda died when a little less than two years old. Tlie oldest daughter is married. Robert Sherriff, who was a soldier in the civil war, is the uncle of Mr. Enderby ; a sketch of him appears on another page. At the first presidential election after he returned from tlie war, his father, who was a Democrat, proposed that they should go to the polls to vote. The son ob- jected, as he knew his father would deposit a vote contrary to the principles for which he had fought. But, as the father insisted, the son went and nullified the Democratic vote by voting for Grant. OHN L. FOWLER of Marinette, Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 207, was born Feb. 16, 1845, in Virginia. He was born in bondage and was raised as a slave in the city of Hannibal, Mo., where he worked in a tobacco factory. lie was still there when the war broke out and was at the battle of Wilson's Creek where he witnessed the death of General Lyon. He was in the personal service of Captain Stewart and after the battle, a ditch which they had to cross was made passable for the command to which he belonged by being filled with the bodies of dead rebels. They went back to Hannibal to recruit and to allow the sick and wounded to recover health. After the Emancipation Proc- lamation he went to Chicago, thence to Bos- ton, Mass., and to Pittsfield, where he enlisted in the 54th Massachusetts Infantry (colored). The regiment was assigned to the command of Gen- eral Gilmore and Mr. Fowler was in the assault at Fort Wagner on Morris Island where he was wounnded in bis head, body and legs and was sent home to die. He made all possible haste to recover and went to Davenport, la., and en- listed in the 60th United States Infantry (col- ored.) The regiment went to Helena, Ark., and successively to Little Rock, Brownsville, Du- vall's Blutf, Powhatan, Big and Little Black Rivers, Pine Bluff and thence to Little Rock overland, the regiment being detailed as escort to a supply train. He next performed duty as escort to a foraging party to Fort Gibson and thence as mail escort to Fort Scott. He went to Little Rock and Duvall's Bluff where he did duty in secret service until the regiment was united, when he went to Davenport, la., and received discharge. He was married November 27, 1868, to Sa- rah E. Arthur of Green Bay and they have one daughter named Eva. Mrs. Fowler was born m Atlanta, Ga. HRISTIAN SCHLEGEL, a farmer on section 24 in the townshiji of ^\'est- field, Marquette cminty, Wis., was born June 17, ls:i8, in Sargans, in the Canton of St.'Gallen, Switzerland. He is the son of Ulrich and Elizabeth (Sutter) Schlegel and he was 19 years old when he came to America. He w'ent to Milwaukee in 1857 and in 1862 removed to Ripon. He was among the very first soldiers who enlisted in Wisconsin, enrolling as a soldier in defense of the Union on the day when the requisition for troops was made on the Governor of Wisconsin and he enlisted April 15, 18()1, in the orga- nization which was assigned to tiie 1st Wiscon- sin Infantry as Company D, and April 27th he w'as with his command at Milwaukee and left the State June 9th. He went to Chambersburg and soon after to Hagerstown, Md., and in July moved across the Potomac River, where he en- gaged July 2nd in the fir.st action in which Wisconsin troops met tlie rebels. In the fight at Falling Waters in which Mr. Schlegel par- ticipated, the first Wisconsin soldier was killed in the war, George Drake, of Milwaukee. (See sketch.) Tlie command was almost in constant PERSONAL RECORDS. 197 movement in expectation of battle, in oliecking the movements of the rebels, in marches and on guard duty until the regiment was ordered to \Visconsin to be mustered out, its term of service having expired. On one occasion Mr. Schlegel was detailed to take a rebel across the river and before the duty was accomplislied the rebel cavalry was in pursuit and tired on the sipiad when about half way across, but nobody was injured. On an other occasion, he was on picket duty an»^^^<5*f-<5«f^. HARLES L. WOOD, resident at Royal- ton, Waupaca Co., Wis., was born March 4, 1843, in Pulaski, Mercer Co., Pennsylvania. When he was 12 years old he accompanied his father, Samuel N. Wood, to Aledo, Mercer Co., 111., where two elder brothers had preceded them. A younger brother afterwards followed them, and a year later two sisters settled at tlie same place. Soon after the youngest sister, the house-keeper of the household, died and the family were again dispersed. Mr. Wood of this sketch went to Northport, Wis., and was employed there when the war broke out. He was a little past 18 when he enlisted August 21, 1861 , at Waupaca for three years in Company A, 8th Wisconsin Infantry. January 7, 1863, he veteranized and received honorable discharge at Demopolis, Ala., September 5, 1865. Mr. Wood was a member of the Eagle regiment and his roster of battles includes 27 names inscribed on the country's roll of honor. He left the State October 12th after enlisting and, eight days later, was engaged in a skirmish at Frederick- town, Mo. He was in the action at Island No. 10 and at Farmington, was next in a reconuois- ance near Corinth, engaged in the first and second battles at Coi'inth, at luka and .Jackson, participated in the siege at Vicksburg and was in several actions in that vicinity, fought at Mechanicsburg on the Yazoo River, aided in the capture of Richmond, La., and skirmished until January with Forrest's guerrillas. Mr. Wood was a member of the Meridian expedi- tion and went with his regiment in Smith's expedition up the Red River. He was in tlie charge at Fort Scurry, at Fort DeRussey, Hen- derson Hill and Pleasant Hill. Returning to Missouri he went with his command to drive the rebels out of that State and was afterwards in the battle of Nashville ; he went to Mobile and was in the charges at Spanish Fort and Fort Blakely. The regiment marched 100 miles to Montgomei-y, Ala., and thence to Union Town whence tliey went to the place of their discharge. Mr. Wood returned to Royalton where he engaged in the vocation of painter. October 10, 1867, he was married to Mattie Whitman and their children are named Ralph and Or- ville. They are two promising young men aged 21 and 17 respectively. The father and three brothers of Mr. Wood were in the army. »^>e^*-J»S^i^^^^5tf-.««5«f- /o^ ORNELIUS CONSTINE, of Peshtigo |/^xx^ Wis., was born April 1, 1846, in Lan- >^v/ caster, Canada. His father, Richai'd Constine, was the son of a patriot of 1812 and passed his life in this country, remov- ing with his family to New York in 1849. In 1873 the son came to Wisconsin and located at Peshtigo where he is well-known as a farmer and in his connection with the lumbering inter- ests of that locality. His marriage to Mary E. Helmer took place in 186"> and their children were named Nellie M., Frankie, Herbert, Marga- ret, Edie and Freddie. Edie is deceased, as are Lotta and Clarence. Nellie is married. In December, 1863, Mr. Constine enlisted in tlie 106th New York Infantry at Madrid, St. Lawrence county, New York, enrolling in Com- pany G for three ye;irs. The regiment went from the place of rendezvous to make connec- tion with the army of the Shenandoah \^alley and Mr. Constine was in the battle of Winches- ter, fought at Cedar Creek and, at Fisher's Hill, preceeding the latter action, he was a partici- pant in one of the most complete victories gained by the Union arms. The regiment was with Sheridan throughout the remainer of the con- flict which was then drawing to a close, and fought in the actions in the vicinity of Rich- mond and at Sailor's Creek, April 8th, and Mr. Constine witnessed the surrender at Appomat- tox. He was wounded at Winchester but re- covered after slight treatment to take part in 202 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF the actions named. He was discharged from the Rhode Island distributing hospital at Alex- andria on the close of the war. YRON B. TARBOX, of Wood town- ship, Wood Co., Wis., forme I'ly a soldier of the civil war, was Born .lune 21, 1838 in the town of Edin- burg, Penobscot Co., Maine. He is the son of Roswell B. and Berthina Tarbox and he lived in Maine until 1850, when he came to Adams county, Wisconsin. He afterwards went to Juneau county and in 1870, fixed his residence where he now lives. When he came to Wis- consin, he followed the business of a blacksmith and also operated as a lumberman until he en- tered the army. He enlisted May 17, 1861, in Company D, 4th Wisconsin Infantrj^at Quincy for three years and he received honorable dis- charge December 10, 1863, at Baton Rouge, La. Mr. Tarbox belonged to a regiment which was commanded by a Colonel who made his record before going to the front, as he devised and consummated a plan to gei his regiment through the State of New York when the railroad auth- orities refused to furnish transportation, and Colonel Paine never lost prestige with his com- mand even under tne most trying circum- stances. He stopped in Harrisburg and ob- tained muskets for his soldiers, as the disaster at Bull Run might have caused a demand for troops at a moment's notice. Mr. Tarbox went with the regiment to Newport News to make connection with the command of Butler, preparatory to proceeding to the occupation of New Orleans going on the "Great Republic," and while under the charge of General .Williams in command, suffered much hardship from the treatment he bestowed on the soldiers on shipboard and from confinement which caused much illness. He was in the subsequent movements of the regi- ment to the rear of the forts at the mouth of the Mississippi River, and his company was one that took a position which convinced the rebels that the safest way was to surrender the fortifica- tions. They proceeded to join the forces of Butler at New Orleans and went next to Baton Rouge and thence to Port Hudson and on to Vicksburg and were obliged to withdraw from an unsuccessful attempt to commence action against the city. On the return to Baton Rouge the rebels fired on their transport and when the second attempt to ascend the river was made they burned Grand Gulf in retaliation, under orders of Genei'al Butler. He was in the sharp action at Baton Rouge where General Williams was killed and afterwards foraged with his regi- ment for horses and chased a batallion of Texas Rangers, returning to proceed again to an assault on Port Hudson where the command dismounted. Mr. Tarbox took part in the sev- eral assaults on Port. Hudson and was still with the regiment when it was transformed into a cavalry command. That was accomplished in September, 1863. Soon after, he was taken sick and was sent to the hospital at Baton Rouge, where he remained until he received discharge for disability. He returned to Adams county, and resumed his business as a farmer as soon as he was res- tored to health. He has always been active in the local management of public affairs and in Adams county, he officiated as School Director, holding the position three years. He also acted in the capacity of Supervisor of Armenia town- ship in 1869, and was made postmastea- at Miner in Wood county. He has officiated as Treasurer of Wood Township two years and, in 1881, was Assessor of the same township, He is present Supervisor of Wood Township, (1888). In political opinion and record he is a solid Republican. He married Eliza M. BuUis and their chil- dren are, Mary E. and Robert C. Sidney A. is deceased. The father of Mrs. Tarbox was a soldier in the civil war and died from the re- sult of disbilities incurred in the service. Mr. Tarbox had two brothers in the war. Albert E. was killed at the battle of Gettysburg, and Chancey D. was wounded at Baton Rouge, La. He was a soldier in the same regiment as Mr. Tarbox. Since the war the latter has been en- gaged in farming ; he has a place including SO acres located on Section 15, Wood Township. OHN C. WROLSTAD, a resident of lola, Waupaca county, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 99, at lola, was born April 8, 1839, in Norway. When he was four years old his parents re- moved with their family to America and lo- cated in Jefferson county, Wis., in the town of PERSONAL RECORDS. 203 Ixonia. After a residence there of 12 years they went to New Hope, Portage county, and, during the first months of the war Mr. Wrol- stad determined to enlist. When the Scandi- navian regiment was recruited, many of Mr. Wrolstad's friends enrolled and he enlisted at Scandinavia Nov. 5, 1861, in Company I, 15th Wisconsin Infantry for three years. The com- mand proceeded from the I'endezvous at Camp Randall to a point on the Ohio River and in March, 1862, went to the attack at Island No. 10. After the evacuation he was in the action on the sliore in wliich the rebel camps with their supplies were captured and was afterwards on garrison duty on the island which was left in charge of the captain of Company G, and joined the i-egiment September 21, 1863, at Chickaniauga. In October, 1862, he was in the action at Island No. 10, in which an attack of rebel cavalry was repulsed and, after rejoining the regiment, the captain of Company G took command of the regiment as senior captain. Mr. Wrolstad was in the trenches at Chatta- nooga until about the middle of October, when he was transferred to guard duty and was in tlie assault at Mission Ridge and afterwards at Lookout Mountain and at Orcliard Knob. He went next on a long march to Knoxville which was one of the most intolerable experiences of the campaign and was the cause of the mem- bers of the regiment refusing to veteranize. He was afterwards on guard duty through the winter and, in the spring marched from Straw- berry Plains to be assigned to the Army of the Cumberland in the Atlanta campaign. He was in the skirmish line at Resaca and was in the actions on Rocky Face Ridge, afterwards pui'suing the rebels to Cassville. He was next in the action at Pumpkin Vine Creek and fought at Pine Mountain, going next to Lost Mountain and Kenesaw and was next in posi- tion at Peach Tree Creek. In a night charge of the rebels near Atlanta, where many of the regiment was captured, he saved himself by jumping down a steep bank. He was in the trenches in the siege of Atlanta and in the action at .Jonesboro and went next to Chatta- nooga, where he remained until his company was mustered out February 11, 1865. Since the war he has been a resident of Waupaca county and lived in the town of lola, where he is engaged in lumbering. He was married in 1867, to Mathia Norde and their children are named Osena, James, Alfred, Martin, Loren, Henry, .Josephine and Mabel. LBERT MELVIN COLE of Appleton, u Wis., one of the Charter members /^^jL °^ ^^°- ^- Eggleston Post No. 133, G. A. R., was born in Limerick, York Co., Maine, April 8, 1845. He inherited the spirit which the patriots of the Revolution left to their descendants in New England and, a few months after he was 16 years old, he became a soldier in defense of the Union which his ancesters had established. He enlisted Dec. 5, 1861, in Company I, 1st Maine Cavalry at Augusta for three years. He was promoted to Sergeant and was discharged as sucli Dec. 5, 1864, his term of enlistment having expired. The 1st Maine Cavalry was one of the most con- spicuous in the cavalry service during the war and bears the honor of participating in a greater number of engagements than an} other cavalry command. The roster on its colors in- cludes Middleton, Winchester, Cedar Mountain, 2nd Bull Run, South Mountain, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Rappahannock Station, Brandy Station, Aldie, Middleburg, Upperville, Gettys- burg, Shepardstown, Sulpliur Springs, Mine Run, Fortifications of Richmond, Old Church, Todd's Tavern, Ground Squirrel Church, Hawes' Shop, Cold Harbor, Trevillian Station, St. Mary's Church, Deep Bottom, Reams' Station, Wyatt's Farm, Boydton Road and Bellefield. More than 100 actions are recorded in which the regiment was m service in which casualties occurred. Mr. Cole went from ren- dezvous with the regiment and made connec- tion with the Army of the Potomac. He was in all the prominent engagements which have been enumerated until Wyatt's Farm and also in a large number of skirmishes and minor affairs including foraging expeditions and other service incident to cavalry life which cannot be made matter of record". At the battle of Brandy Station he received a saber cut across his hand but did not leave the command. In the winter of 1862 he became disabled from fa- tigue, exposure and hardship and went in June following into the brigade hospital where he was under treatment six weeks. In the last days of September, 1864, he was again in hos- pital from disabilities incurred in the service 204 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF and was discharged thence at the expiration of his period of enlistment. Mr. Cole was a pupil in the puplic schools of his native place in boyhood and after returning from the war, when he was 19, he went to Portland. He determined to learn the trade of a machin- ist and went to East Boston wliere he fitted him- self for that business and in which he was en- gaged about four years. In 1869he came to Wisconsin and located at New London, where he was a citizen two years and served as Vil- lage Marshal. In 1871 he became a resident of Appleton and entered upon the duties of a position as clerk of the Waverly Hotel in which capacity he operated three and a half years. In 1875 he went to Kansas City, Mo., where he embarked in the business of a furniture dealer and undertaker in which he was interested until the autunni of 1881. At that date he returned to Appleton where he is similarly en- gaged and is doing a prosperous and popular business. He was married Feb. 13, 1873, to Eliza J. Keith, a native of New Bedford, Mass. Three children born to Mr. and Mrs. Cole are deceased. Etta died at the age of two years; Melvin died when 18 mouths old and May at the age eight months. Mrs. Cole is the daughter of Marshal D. Keith and is of English extraction. Albert and Sarah (Folsom) Cole, the parents of Mr. Cole, were natives of Maine as were their ancestors for many years previous. In the pa- rental line of de.scent, Mr. Cole is of Scotch line- age. He has been prominent in the Post at Aji- pleton and has served as Adjutant two years — Junior Vice Commander one term — Senior Vice Commander one term. RLAND F. WEAVER, editor and proprietor of the Beaver Dam Daily and Weekly Newspaper, and Com- mander of G. A. R. Post No. 117, (1888) was born in Cambria Township, Hills- dale Co., Mich., Feb. 5, 1840. Until he was of age he resided in his native town and was adopted by Samuel Orr, becoming wholly orphaned by the death of his mother when four years old, his father having been killed by the caving of a well when he was an infant. He obtained a good education in the common schools and, at 14 years old, took upon himself the responsibilities of his own future and com- menced work on a farm, which avocation he followed until he was 18, when he engaged in clerking and was thus occupied until he ^\ as 20, when he went to Hillsdale College and passed a term in study. He happened to be in Detroit when the intelligence of the attack on Sumter reached that city and, yielding to his first im- pulse, he enlisted as soon as it was possible in a company that was raised for the 1st Michigan Infantry, but on mustering the quota was more than filled and he was thrown out. He went back to Hillsdale and enlisted May 16th follow- ing, in Company E, 4th Michigan Infantry. He remained in camp of rendezvous a few weeks and went thence dn-ect to Washington and Meriden Heights and afterwards assisted in building Fort Woodbury, named for the colonel of the 4th Michigan. His next move was in assignment to McDowell's command and he was in the first fight at Bull Run, camping after it at Miner's Hill, where the regiment passed nearly a year perfecting their knowledge of military tactics. During tliis time Mr. Weaver was ill five months with typhoid fever and was placed in the Van Valkenburg hospital. After joining his regiment he went to Fairfax C. H., back to Alexandria and on a transport to Acquia Creek. His regiment was called out to participate in the action at Fredericksburg known as the first action at Marye's Heights or the "Slaughter Pen" where he received a wound in the top of the head. He declined the sur- geon's advice to go to the hospital and was in the fight at Chancellorsville in May. After pass- ing a few days at Stoneman's Switch he went to the peninsular campaign under his favorite gen- eral, McClellan. He was in the 7-days fights and retreat, his regiment sufl:ering severely at Malvern Hill, the dead roll including the colonel. The brigade in which the 4th Michigan was in- cluded was first brought into action at Mechan- icsville. Later, he marched back to Maryland and was in the action at Chantilly, 2nd Bull Run, South Mountain and Antietam. At Get- tysburg his regiment suffered more heavily than in any previous action, losing Colonel J. B Jeffords. The command returned to Virginia where Mr. Weaver was taken sick with pleurisy and went to a hospital at Frederick City for two months, going thence to Convalescent Camp at Alexandria under orders to report to his regi- ment. He was seized with a relapse and went to the hospital at Alexandria where he remained PERSONAL RECORDS. 205 until Oct. 27, 1863. There he received honor- able discharge and returned to Hillsdale. As soon as his health permitted, he went to Chicago, where he arrived ni May, 1864, and took ad- vantage of an opportunity to learn the business of a photographer. He established his business and became the proprietor of two galleries on East Lake street near the Tremont Hou,se, both of which were destroyed in the great fire, October 9, 1871. He had $12,500 insurance and, after several years, obtained $625. He lost everything be possessed but his "grit" and hands and, Oct. 10th, he came to Beaver Dam with his wife and two children. He passed 18 months in the photograph business and after- wards resumed the same in Chicago, locating at 337 West Madison street. After six years he returned to Beaver Dam and opened a gallery in 1879. May 1, 1887 he founded the journal which he is still publishing. It is independent in politics and is the leading paper in the county. Plis quarters are commodious and adapted to the requirements of his business with fixtures for extensive operations in printing. He was married Feb. 20, 1867 to Annie Ryan, a native of Ireland who was brought in infancy to America by her parents. Their children are named Rae V. 0. and Edwin L. B. They have an adopted daughter named Stella. Mr. Weaver is the son of Hiram Y. and Minerva A. (Doud) Weaver, tlie former a native of Niagara county. New York, and the son of Russell Weaver, a soldier of 1812. The first generations in the paternal line in this country are traced to four brothers who came hither from England. The mother was of New York State origin and the daughter of Gaylord Doud who fought in 1812. Mr. Weaver's father was killed at 33 years of age. He was a lieutenant in the Black Hawk war. The martial proclivity still appears in the generation of to-day, the two sons being mem- bers of the Beaver Dam Guards. Ililaud H., only brother of Mr. Weaver, was a Sergeant in the 3rd Iowa Battery, Light Artillery and was mustered out as Captain. Mr. Weaver served a term as Alderman, one as City Treasurer, one as Mayor of Beaver Dam and was Ciiief of the Fire Department two years. He is Major of the 2nd Regiment Wisconsin National Guards and was, for eight years, the Captain of the Beaver Dam Guards, He was a charter member of his Post and is serving his third term as Com- mander. He received the appointment from Judge S. W. Lamereaux to the three-years term to distribute the soldiers relief fund raised by Dodge county under the law passed in the winter of 1886-7 and was elected by his associates, Chairman of ;he Committee. EROME J. CURTISS, a citizen of Black Creek, Wis., was born Dec. 28, 1844, in Ellisburg, -Jefferson Co., New York. He was still very young when his j)arents re- moved to Wisconsin and they settled in Ply- mouth, Sheboygan county, where he obtained his schooling in the winters, attending school about three months yearly. He lived the life of a pioneer until he enlisted in Company B, 27th Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry at Fond du Lac, about the middle of February, 1865. He was discharged in August, 1865, at Browns- ville, Texas, the war being closed. He pro- ceeded to join the command at Spanish Fort, having charge of a squad of 15 recruits. He made connection with the regiment about the last of March, and remained therewith until discliarged. He contracted a terrible cold through exposure to fatigue and bad weather, and iiiHammation of the kidneys resulted, from the effects of which lie has never recovered. He was married Feb. 21st, 1869, to Calista Lyman, at Plymouth, Wis. Their children are named John, Luther, James, Ida, Sarah, Maud, Jerome and Wilford. Three, named Mary, John and Jerome are not living. The father of Mr. (Jurtiss was born at Mount Washington, N. H. His mother was born at Schenectady, New York, and was of Holland Dutch origin. The father of Mrs. Curtiss was born in Vermont and her mother was a descendant of the Mohawk Valley Dutch. OSEPH WARD BURBANK, Fond du Lac, Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 130, was born Jan. 30, 1846, in Albany, New York. He is the son of Robert G. and Mary Ann (Silver) Burbank and both parents \vere of Vermont .stock. His grand- father, Robert Burbank, was a soldier in the two wars of this country with Great Britain. When the boy was five years old he passed a vear with his paternal aunt, Mrs. Rosamond Robbins, where he listened to the war stories of 206 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF his grandfather wliich always remained in his memoiy and were his inspiration to enUst in the Union army in the civil war. When he was six years old he left Albany and came to M'^isconsin to enter the family of his uncle, JosejA Ward, a Universalist minister at Hart- ford, Wis., and after a residence there of two years his uncle moved to a farm in Randolph, Wis., where he was brought up. He had limited advantages of education, attending school winters and working on the farm sum- mers. His uncle died in the fall of 1861, and Mr. Burbank enlisted March 2, 1862, as a musi- cian in Company H, 17th Wisconsin Infantry, at Fox Lake lor three years. He received lion- orable discliarge March 30, 1865, at Goldsboro, N. C, on account of the expiration of his enlist- ment. He enrolled under the name of Joseph B. Ward, which came about in this manner ; his father died when he was six years old, leav- ing his mother with seven children and, when he became an inmate of his uncle's family, his name was reversed as Joseph Burbank Ward. After his return from the army he assumed his rightful name. When he enlisted he was a little past 10 years old but gave his age as 17, fearing that he would not l>e enrolled. When he offered for enlistment he endeavored to en- roll in Companj' A, but as that organization had a drummer he was not sworn into service, but his anxiety to go was so great that he ac- companied the organization to St. Louis. Cap- tain Armstrong, of Company H, enlisted him in his company and he was then sworn into ser- vice. He was not very tall and when he was examined was obliged to stretch his body "for all it was wortli," to pass regulation height. He was with his company and regiment through his period of enlistment except a short time passed in the hospital after the battle of Corinth, when he was sick with typoid fever followed by dropsy and dumb ague with which he has sinee been troubled. After two weeks in the regimental hospital he went to Overton hospital at Memphis, where lie remained two months in care of Dr. Heard, Surgeon of his ward and, after his return to Benton Barracks, he was treated by Dr. Gilmore in Ward B, in the barracks liospital, where he remained about two months, rejoining his regiment about the middle of July, 1863, at Natchez. He con- tracted malarial disease during the investment of Corinth and he was a participant in the bat- tle at that place. After his return to his regi- ment he was employed in military duty and in August the command was supplied with horses and operated as mounted infantry. He was in a rel>el rout at Trinit)^ in Louisiana and was in the lively scrimmage on the Black River fol- lowing that action. He took part in the capture of Fort Beauregard and returned to Natchez and thence to Vicksburg to winter quarters. On the organization of Sherman's command for the Atlanta campaign, the regiment was as- signed to the columns of that commander and Mr. Burbank was in heavy skirmishing at Big Shanty and went thence to tight at Kene- saw. Bald Hill and the severe contests con- nected with this period of the campaign. He was in tlie action at Jonesboro and Lovejoy Station and in the early fall was engaged in the pursuit of General Hood. He was in the several varieties of service, in which the 17th Corps was engaged on the route through Geor- gia and the Carolinas and in the march to Goldsboro, where he was discharged as stated. On leaving the army he went to Albany and remained with liis mother until 1868, engaged in a planing mill. In that year he came to Wisconsin and passed alternate winters and summers for three years in the woods and in a planing mill. In the spring of 1871, he en- gaged as a sailor and was on the water dur- ing the fires in Cliicago and Peshtigo and on the night of October 8th had a lively experi- ence with a high wind and a heavy sea and the fire floating in the air. It was necessary to keep the sails furled and everything drencl>ed with water to prevent catching fire. That ended his career as a sailor and the following winter he engaged as a scaler in the woods. In the spring the North Ludington Company for which he worked, sent him to Marinette as a clerk in their mercantile business, in which ca- pacity he operated until the fall of ISSO. He then engaged in farming at Stephenson, and after a year he was interested in a sewing ma- chine agency until the fall of 1887, going suc- cessively to Marinette, Green Bay and Fond du Lac, where he established his residence. In 1888, he is representing the Diamond Yeast Company of Fond du Lac as travelling sales- man. He was married July 2nd, 1876, to Amanda P. Annis of Fond du Lac. She was born in Catteraugus county, New York, and removed when a child to Fond du Lac where her parents resided 28 years. *Her brother, James, enlisted PERSONAL RECORDS. 207 in a Wisconsin Infantry regiment, was taken sick w'itli typbciid fever in rendezvous at Mad- ison and his lifeless body was brought back to Fond du Lac a few weeks after liis enlistment. Almond Annis, another brother, enlisted in the 51st Wisconsin Infantry and served his term in safety. Edward F. Burbank, brother of Mr. Burbank, enlisted in the 7th New York Heavy Artillery, going to the front as Sergeant and re- turning with the commission of a 1st Lieuten- ant. Mr. and Mrs. Burbank have four children named Robert G., Etta May, Bertie O. and Net- tie P. Mr. Burbank holds the position of Ser- geant Major of E. A. Brown Post at Fond du Lac. ENJAMIN L. ROE, Stevens Point, Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 156, was born August 13, 1835, in Penfield, Monroe Co., New York, His grandfather, Benjamin Roe, was born in Holland ; he came to America in time to par- ticipate in the Revolutionary war and his grandson has the musket he carried in the war. Mr. Roe of this sketch is the son of Joseph Roe, who was born in Holland and was very young when he came to America with his parents. He died in Penfield when 35 years old. His wife Laura (Emmons) Roe was born in Connecticut of English lineage. She died in 1886, at Ed- gerton, Rock county, when 76 years old, and was the daughter of Louis and Anna (Griswold) Emmons. \Vhen Mr. Roe was 16 years old he left his father's farm to learn the business of a miller, in which he was occupied until he reached his majority, when became in 1857, to Rock county, where he remained until 1860, the date of his removal to Stevens Point. He was employed in a mill at Plover one year and was next in the same business at Amherst, where he was occupied until he entered the army. He enlisted at Plover August 11, 1862, in Company E, 32nd Wisconsin Infantry, and was mustered into service Sept. 25, 1862, by Major R. S. Smith. November 3rd the com- mand joined Sherman's forces at Memphis and was in the expedition to Oxfod to be recalled by the disaster at Holly Springs, and moved in January, 1863, to Memphis where Mr. Roe passed 10 months, performing provost duty, after which the command moved to La Grange and lie was in ceaseless skirmishing and marching through Tennessee and Mississippi on the route to the rear of Vicksburg, where he was assigned to the 2nd Brigade, 4th Division, 16th Array Corjis and was engaged in the general destruc- tion during the Meridian expedition and, after returning to Vicksburg, went successively to Memphis, Cairo and Decatur, Ala., performing guard duty until transferred to the 3rd Brigade of the same command and]engaged meanwhile in several successful raids in that vicinity. August 7th Mr. Roe reached theintrenchments at Atlanta and was under constant fire until late in the month and, after the evacuation of that city, was in the fight at Jonesboro. After the hot fight of Sept. 2nd, the command took part in the chase of the rebels to Lovejoy's and re- turned to Eastport, Miss. Thence, Mr. Roe re- turned to Atlanta and performed guard and other military duty including train escort until the movement of Sherman's columns to the sea. After a skirmish at Marlowe, where they fought in water waist deep all day, he went to Port Royal Island, thence to Pocotaligo and when the march through the Carolinas commenced, was in the action at Binnaker's Bridge and afterward at Cheraw, Fayetteville and in the the last action preceding the surrender of Johnston at Bentonville. He was in the re- mainder of the march to Washington and in the Grand Review May 24th, camping after- wards at Crystal Springs where he was mustered out June 12, 1865. June 14th the command reached Milwaukee where the}' were paid and disbanded and Mr. Roe returned to Stevens Point. He has since been engaged as a miller. Mr. Iloe married Frances, daughter of Henry and Caroline (Bradley) Warriner, Dec. 21,1S05. The father was born in the State of New York and was about 62 years of age when he died at Plover, Wis. Her mother was a native of Con- necticut and died at the age of 45 at Plover, Wis. Mrs. Roe was born in New Haven, Conn., Dec. 17, 1846, and came to Wisconsin with her parents when about two years old. Mr. and Mrs. Roe have two sons. Henry was born Dec. 8, 1867, and Emmons was born Dec. 9, 1869. The latter is i'n the employ of the Wisconsin Central railroad company at Stevens Point, and the former at Waukesha. /f^ DWARD MAHONEY, Grand Rapids, \^^ Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 22, was born in Canada June 25, 1847, and is the son of Richard and Rachel (Nelson) Mahoney. His father was a native of 208 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF County Wexford, Ireland, ^nd came to St. Johns, Newfoundland, in 1825. He was a ship carpenter and his family belonged to the better class in his native country. The mother was born in the same place as the son and was the daughter of a man born in Maine and a soldier in tlie Revolution. The family of the senior Mahoney removed to the United States when the son was four years of age and settled in Kenosha, Wisconsin. They were there resident four years and removed to Grand Rapids, whicli has since been the home of the subject of this sketch. When he was 20 years old he became interested in the business of a machin- ist and engaged in the study of the practical branches of the trade, becoming proficient in it, in all its avenues. He was a lad of only 14 years when the civil war attracted the attention of public statesmen, private citizens and even the boys at school and he desired to enlist, but extreme youth pre- vented until Aug. 1, 1864, when he enrolled in Company G, 13th Wisconsin Infantry at Grand Rapids for three years and received honoi'able discharge in August, 1865, at Milwaukee, at the close of the war. He was then 17 years old and joined the command as a recruit at Alla- toona Pass just previous to tlie action and there tasted rebel powder and the emergencies of battle. The regiment went thence through Georgia to Savannah with Sherman and fought in the actions in and about Savannah, at Columbia and Bentonville and in all the minor actions which were in constant progress through- out the advance througli the States traver.sed by the columns under Sherman. After Alla- toona, in October, 1864, Mr. Mahoney was in every action in the course of the march of the 15th Corps to which the command was attached and participated in' the Grand Review at Wash- ington. He served after his first battle in the 93rd Illinois Infantry, with which the recruits were consolidated, the veterans of the com- mand being home on their .furlough, and the 18th Wisconsin restored its organization at Goldsboro, where the remainder proceeded on transports. They returned to Louisville to be nrustered out. After a stay of six weeks at Louisville, Mr. Mahoney returned to Grand Rapids. He fitted for the business of a machinist, as stated, which he has since pursued. He is at present as.sociated in his interests with John Patrick and they conduct extensive relations in their business at Grand Rapids. Their establish- ment is fitted with all first-class appliances for the production of first-class work. Mr. Mahoney takes sole charge of tlie business of the machine shop and his partner manages the foundry. Tiiey make a specialty of force pumps but transact all other Ijranches of their relations as machinists as occasion requires. They formed their business connection in 1879. Mr. Ma- honey was married Feb. 1, 1875, to Derinda Eaton, and they have six children named Leon, Edward Eugene, .John J., Arthur Alanson, Walter Wallace and Lottie. Mrs. Mahoney was born at Grand Rapids and is the daughter of Alanson Eaton, a soldier in the war, in the 12th Wisconsin. She had five uncles in the service. John Snyder, (Lieutenant of Company G, IStli Wisconsin) Henry Snyder, (.same company and regiment) Alfred Snyder, (in a Wisconsin regi- ment) Stephen Snyder, (belonging to 18th) and still another belonging to an Illinois regiment, were the brothers of tlie mother of Mrs. Ma- honey. Her grandfather, Stephen, and her great uncle, ^\'illiam Snyder, were also soldiers in Wisconsin regiments. John, brother of Mr. Mahoney, was an en- listed man in Company G, 18th Wisconsin In- fantry. OHN A. SPENCER, of Antigo, Wis., and /-|l a member of Post No. 78, was born in ^11 Manchester, Oneida Co., N. Y., Jan. 25, 1841. His parents, Jay and Margaret (Austin) Spencer belonged to the same State by birth. He came to Wisconsin and located in Ellington, Outagamie county, in 1860, and enlisted as a soldier in Company I, 3rd Wis- consin Cavalry, March 14, 1862, enrolling in the company of Theodore Conkey, of whom a sketch appears on another page. Following, is a statement in brief of the course of Mr. Spencer's connection with active operations in the war. From Janesville, tlie place of rendezvous, he went to St. Louis, drilled there a month and proceeded to Fort Leavenwortli, Kas., was there armed and equipped and drilled about two months. He marched thence to Fort Scott, going soon after to Carthage and contested ter- ritory with bushwhackers. On one of these ex- peditions, his detail found themselves camped PERSONAL RECORDS. 209 inside rebel picket lines and they mounted and cut their way out. He went next to Fort Scott and, during the winter, encountered extreme hardships, being almost constantly in the saddle and on duty in inclement weather. In the spring of I860, he went to Fort Gibson, Ark. Tliere the combined deviltry of rebels and Indians kept them lively, endeavoring to pre- vent ambushing and stampeding of their horses. He was in winter quarters at Fort Smith, Ark., during the next winter and performed patrol duty. In April, 1864, he was mustered out to re-enlist and received the veteran's privilege of a furlough of 30 days. After rejoining his regiment, he went to Duvall's Bluft' to guard supply trains and saw skirmishing and bush- whacking to satisfy any resonable taste in that direction. He passed the first part of the suc- ceeding winter in quarters at Little Rock, Ark., and was sent thence up the river as guard on a transport. The rebels were stationed at Dardanelle, and 400 Union soldiers on the boat were ordered ashore to draw the attention of the rebels while the transport passed. The rebels were superior in numbers but were com- pelled to withdraw with heavy loss, the Union loss being 14 killed. After this experience, he and a comrade were on vidette duty, when they were attacked by rebels who cut them off and Mr. Spencer was captured, his comrade being killed. He was taken (Jan. 13, 1865,) to Washington, Ark., thence to Shreveport, La., and from there to Tyler, Texas, being sent a few days later, back to Shreveport. He re- mained there, suffering ail that rebel ingenuity and diabolism could invent until exchanged after a captivity of five months. After ex- change he was sent home on sick leave and did not again rejoin his regiment. He received his discharge in September, 1865, at Madison, Wis. Until 1879 Mr. Spencer was a resident at Stephensville,Wis.,and was engaged in teaming. In the year mentioned he took up a homestead in Norwood, Langlade county, where he resided until the winter of 1884-85 when he located at Antigo and has operated since as a teamster, and also deals in ice. Dec. 7, 1867, he married Anna S. Garritt, the daughter of Chas. and Rachel (Whiteman) Garritt. The former is a resident of Antigo, and is eighty-two years old. There are four children belonging to tlie family circle — Jerome J., Maggie R., Marion H. and Louis J. Charles, George and Jerome Garritt, brothers of Mrs. Spencer, were enlisted men in Company B, 3rd Wisconsin Cavalry. ELSON B. CARTER, a farmer in the Township of Larrabee, Waupaca Co., Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 32 atClintonville, was born March 27, 1826, in Parsonfield, Oxford Co., Maine. In 1836 he went to New Hampshire and in 1856 came West, and located at Bear Creek, Wisconsin. He enlisted as a soldier in the war of the re- bellion Feb. 28, 1864, at Appleton in Company D, 08th Wisconsin Infantry for three years, and was one of the last men to enroll before the Gov- ernment ceased paying bounties. The muster commenced the month following his enlistment and, as enrolling ceased with the cessation of bounties, four companies only were ready for the field in May and they went forward under command of Lieutenant Colonel Pier. They were equipped at Arlington Heights where they drilled until June, when they were tem- porarily consolidated with the 1st Minnesota Volunteers as a battalion. A few days were passed as escort to supply trains to Cold Harbor, just after the battle there on the 3rd of June, and they were the first to advance in the grand flank movement of Grant to the rear of Rich- mond. They were in constant march until June 16th, five days, when they took position in front of Petersburg. Mr. Carter was in tlie front lines, fighting continually days and laboring nights until July 4th, and on that day the command re- tired to the second lines reduced to 40 men. Fifteen days later he was again in action and aided in a repulse. Reinforced by Company E, the residue fit for service made the assault after the explosion on the 30th. Mr. Carter was in the actions following the attempt to destroy the Weldon railroad and in the final activities of the siege of Petersburg. He l)ecame ill and was finally sent to City Point hospital, Va., whence he went to New York City and received honor- able discharge May 20, 1865. Mr. Carter removed from Maine to New Hamp.shire when a boy of 10 years of age and in 1856 went to Michigan. Three years later he came West to Illinois and located in Wiscon- sin in 186L He was in Illinois when the war came on and attended the first meeting held in 210 SOLDIERS ALBUM OF the State to attend to the matter of raising troops. During the administration of President ( irant he acted four years as postmaster at Clin- tonville, and has been Chairman of the Board of Supervisors of Waupaca county. He is .Jus- tice of the Peace (1888) and, as before the war, he has been occupied since as a carpenter. He is the son of Stephen W. and A/Aibah ( Willoughby) Carter. He married Serena Brown ■ and tliey have had twelve children named Try- phose A., Elberto S., Elfonso B., Tryphena .J., Elomon L., Arthur N., Anna A., Willis B., Wil- liam L., Harlan H., C.John A. and William H. The latter is deceased. Four children are mar- ried. Mr. Carter has always voted the Republican ticket and rejoices in the success of his party in the current yaar — 1888. BAVID LA RUE ANDERSON, Com- mander of G. A. R. Post Lincoln, No. 181, at Merrill in 1888 and a busi- ness man of that place, was born April 28, 1840, in Shelby Co., Ohio. He is the son of Daniel H. and Elizabeth (La Rue) Ander- son, the former a native of Pennsylvania and a physician of repute; the latter was born in Vir- ginia. She was of French lineage and was three years old when taken by her parents to Ohio. Mr. Anderson received the advantage of a good education and when he was seventeen he be- came a student at Miami University in Oxford, Ohio, where he studied one year, and after that was engaged in teaching until the succession of events frona the bombardment of Fort Sum- ter until the second call of the President for troops made it apparent that the country was in perishing need ot men. He had taught the principles of patriotism too long and conscien- tiously not to prove the sincerity of his avowed sentiments, and he decided that it was his duty to enroll in defense of the country. Accord- ingly, he enlisted at Lima, Ohio, in B Com- pany, !)9th Ohio Volunteer Infantry for three years. At the formation of the company he was made Orderly Sergeant and he remained in the army until the close of the struggle, receiving discharge June 26, 1865, at Golds- boro, N. C. The 99th was mustered in, August 2Gth, and he served under his first enlistment until Jan. 26, 1863, when he was commissioned 2nd Lieutenant, having had command of the company for a month previous. April 10th of the same year he received a commission as 1st Lieutenant and, on the 5th of June next following, he was commissioned Captam, and was discharged as such. On the 31st day of January 1864, the 55th and 99th Ohio regiments were consolidated, the former holding its orga- nization. Company B of the latter was consol- idated with F Company of the former, and Captain Anderson was assigned to B Company of the united organizations, in which capac- ity he served until finally mustered out. August 1st, 1863, all Ohio regiments were ordered to send three commissioned and six enlisted men to that State to take charge of the conscripted soldiers. Captains Anderson, Hawkey and Holmes, with six men were sent from the 99th, then at McMinnville, Tenn. The draft was declared off for a time and the detail referred to placed on recruiting service. Captain Anderson was in Ohio until after the October election, when John Brough was elected Governor by an overwhelming majority. The sending of soldiers to the State was un- doubtedly caused by the candidacy of Clement L. Vallandigham as cojiperhead nominee. Captain Anderson was stationed in one of the strongest copperhead districts in Ohio. In November, he reported to the State Superinten- dent at Columbus and afterwards to the Assist- ent, P. T. Swaim, now of the regular army. They were held 10 days and rejoined their command at Shell Mound, Tenn., their recruits joining their respective regiments previously. The 99th Ohio was first assigned to tbe Corps of Tom Crittenden (21st), and afterwards to the 4tb, General Gordon Granger. Later, General 0. 0. Howard succeeded to the command of the 4th. Crittenden's Corps at first belonged to the Army of the Ohio and fought at Perry- ville, then to the Army of the Cumberland, fighting at Stone River and Chickamauga. June 22, 1864, the regiment was transfer- red to the command of General Schofield, commanding the Army of the Ohio, and went to participate in the siege of Atlanta, whence they started back to Nashville. The brigade to which Captain Anderson belonged was sent after Forrest after the surrender of Atlanta and were guarding a ford of the Big Harpeth. The Union forces had fallen back to Nashville after the action at Franklin, and the brigade of Captain Anderson was in PERSONAL RECORDS. 211 great danger of being cut off, as they found from information of the figlit at Franklin ob- tained from captured rebels. They started to return to Nashville and suddenly found them- selves in close i)roximity to a large rebel force four miles from the Big Harpeth, but retreated without discovery ami reached Nashville in time to take part in that fight. They followed Hood to the Tennessee and there took trans- ports to Cincinnati, proceeding thence to Wash- ington. After a delay of two weeks, the com- mand went to Alexandria and sailed on trans- ports to the mouth of the Cape Fear River, thence to Wilmington, N. C, to Kingston and to Goldsboro to connect with the army of Gen- eral Sherman, and remained there until mus- tered out. At the date of tlie surrender of Lee, they were at Raleigh, whence they went to Salisbury until summoned to be discharged. After the war, Captain Anderson returned to Ohio and in 1867 went to Big Rapids, Mich. In 1869 he went to Kiceville, Iowa, remaining there until the fall of 1870 when he came to " Jenny ", now Merrill. He first engaged in the lumbering business there and is now a farmer. April 4, 1876, he was married to Sarah Acutt. She is German by descent and was born in New Bethlehem, Pa. Mr. Ander- son has served as Alderman of Merrill three years. MOS A. CLAFLIN, a resident of Green Bay and a member of G. A. R. Post No'. 124, was born Nov. 6, 1831, in Loraine, Jefferson Co., New York and is the son of Winslow and Amy (Purdy) Claflin. The father was born in the State of New York and traced his ancestry to the earliest period of the country. His grandfather, Amos Claflin, was a soldier in 1812, and the paternal grand- father of his mother was General Brown of Revolutionary fame. His mother was born in Brandon, Vt., where her forbears had long re- sided. When the son was in infancy, his par- ents removed to Ellisburg, Jefferson county and remained there until he was 16, when he went to Albion in Oswego county and was employed in lumbering with his father several years. He was next in a grocery at Oswego and worked afterwards on the Erie canal where he con- tinued until 1858, when he returned to Albion and again engaged in lumbering. He enlisted Aug. 6, 1862, in Company B, UOth New York Infantry at Albion for three years, and received honorable discharge Aug. ^, 1865, at Albany. (Special Order No. 16.) The regiment rendez- voused at Oswego, going thence to Baltimore and, two months later, was ordered to Fortress Monroe, pending the formation of the com- mand of Banks preparatory to going to New Orleans. The route was made via Ship Island on transports and three months were passed in the city under the command of Butler. (Old Spoons.) Mr Claflin was in the feint move- ment to the rear of Port Hudson to enable Far- ragut to run his fleet up the river and he re- turned with the command to New Orleans, go- ing next to Brazos City. There he was in a vigorous action with the rebels extending over two days and nights, resulting in a rout and chase to Opelousas, the bulk of the rebels going to Alexandria, and the Union soldiers following. A detail from the 110th was sent into the country after cotton and captured a considerable quantity. A large troop of con- trabands was collected Ijy the command, who were conducted to Brazos City and, during the march, the attacks of guerrillas on every side were unremitting. The contral>ands were left in camp and the 110th went to participate in the siege of Port Hudson. While the detach- ment was gathering cotton and sugar, the re- mainder of the regiment was brigaded with H. E. Paine, formerly colonel of the 4th Wis- consin and, on the return from Opelousas, Company B was assigned to the same com- mand, and participated in the fighting in the rear of Port Hudson. Mr. Claflin was there detailed to join the 1st U. S. Battery and con- tinued in that coiniection until the surrender of Port Hudson where the regiment was re- united and marched back to Baton Rouge. Soon after, they received marching orders and the regiment went to New Orleans, leaving Mr. Claflin in the hospital sick with malarial fever. In three weeks, he reported for duty to Colonel Smith, who told him he could not be sent to his regiment. He was sent to the old U. S. Barracks at New Orleans to await assign- ment. As soon as communications were again established they were sent by way of Brazos City to Franklin and went into winter quarters. In March, 1864, the 110th New York was or- dered to report to New Orleans, whence they went on transports to Port Jefferson, Fla., and 212 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF remained at the Dry Tortugas until the end of the war. They were in a decimated condition from malarial disease and that was considered a good place to recruit. They guarded 1,400 prisoners until August, 1805, when they went to Albany. Company K was sent to Key West and the colonel of the 110th, Charles Hamilton, commanded the Department of Florida. Two of the brothers of Mr. Claflin were in the ser- vice. Melvin D. was in the New York cavalry, enlisting in 1861 in a one-j^ear command and re-enlisting for three years in the Black Horse Cavalry. Danforth enlisted in the 110th and died in New Orleans of typhoid fever in Feb- ruary, 1863. Mr. Claflin went in the spring of 1866 to Milwaukee and from there to Milford, Jeffer- son county, where he engaged in the service of the firm of N. S. Green & Son with whom he remained 17 years, from 1866 to 1883. During six years he managed a saw-mill and then was transferred to the cooper department. In No- vember, 1883, he went to Green Bay and en- tered the employ of D. W. Britton with whom he still remains. He was married Nov. 2, 1857, to Sarah F. Widerick and their surviving chil- dren are named Gianella I)., M. Etta, Fred C. and Burt A. Chester D. died before he was thirteen, Mortimer died at six months, Willie di«d at four, Mabel at three months and an- other child died in extreme infancy. Mrs. Claflin was born in Rome, Oneida Co., New York. Her grandfather, James Widerick, was in the war of 1812. George Widerick, his grandfather's brother, was a general in the Revolution. She is descended from a family named Moore, of prominence in Connecticut. Clark Widerick was a soldier in the 146th New York Infantry and died at Aequia Creek, Va. Aaron was in a New York regiment. M. Smith was also in the 146th and died at Aequia Creek on the same day. These were brothers of Mrs. Claflin. OBERT W. MARS of Marinette, Wis., was born May 2, 1838, in Whitehall, New York. He is the son of Thomas and .Jane Mars and his parents were born respectively in Scotland and America. The son was educated in the common schools and, prior to the war, was employed as a ma- chinist and engineer. He entered the navy as a sailor in 1857 and enlisted April 28, 1861 at Boston in the United States navy for three years or during the war. He received honorable dis- charge Feb. 18, 1866 at Chicago. At the date of his enlistment he was assigned to the receiv- ing ship, Ohio, at Charlestown navy yard (Boston) and about the middle of May was drawn for service on the steam-frigate "Missis- sippi," her complement being 350 men. The vessel went under orders to Pen.sacola, Fla., to connect with the West Gulf Blockading Squad- ron under Commodore Thatcher, and Mr. Mars was first in action at the bombardment of Fort Barrancas, Fla. Afterwards, some time was past in blockading Pensacola and the vessel went to the same service in front of Mobile where the winter was spent, with an occasional chase after blockade runners. Under orders, the "Missis- sippi" proceeded to the South West Pass and Farragut assumed entire command of the West Gulf Squadron consisting of 48 war vessels, After the capture of Forts Phillips and Jackson the fleet proceeded up the Mississippi River to English Bend where General Jackson fought his last battle with the English in 1815. A rebel battery had been placed there for obvious purposes. A few shots sent the terrified rebels into the woods and the fleet sailed on to New Orleans and dropped anchor in the places as- signed to each by the admiral. All hands were piped to quarters for action and awaited orders. The line of vessels covered the entire front of the city and the levees were crowded with people who hurled every vile epithet at the Union men. Twenty-four hours later, the "Mississippi" went back to the forts to watch the rebel ram, Ten- nessee, reported as lying under protection of the forts and not destroyed, which was false. The "Mississippi" was ordered up the River to Baton Rouge to prevent the erection of a rebel battery there. After ascertaining that there were no rebels there, she went up the river to Port Hudson, shelling the bluffs in every place where enemies were suspected and, finally, re- turned to New Orleans where the frigate laid at anchor for several months. (The "Mississippi" was burned March 14, 1864, at Port Hudson to prevent her falling into rebel hands.) Sept. 4, 1862, Mr. Mars was detached from the "Missis- sippi" and ordered to report on board the U. S. prize steamer "Calhoun" as engineer, under T. McKean Buchanan. The vessel was constantly in motion, moving up and down the river, Lake PERSONAL RECORDS. 213 Ponchartrain and the Gulf near Mobile until the winter of 1863-64 when a fleet was organ- ized to whit'h the "Calhoun" was assigned. The vessels made their way through Berwick Bay to capture the New Orleans & Opelousas railroad, running from Algiers to that point. Another object was the driving the rebels from that part of Louisiana in order to promote the success of the contemplated Red River expedi- tion under General Banks. The rebels destroyed a large amount of cotton and sugar to prevent them being taken and the little rebel vessels run like mice. They took pos- session of Berwick Bay and 80 miles of railroad to New Orleans which proved of great value during the remainder of the war. After the capture of Brashear City, the vessels of the fleet were busied several months running up the Atcliafalaya River and Grand Lake, reconnoitering and watching the rebels, who were trying to cut off their communication with New Orleans. The "Calhoun" was occupied especially in attending to the case of the rebel steamer Cotton, which made presumptuous claims to the passage of the Atcliafalaya and the country of upper Louisi- ana. They had several sharp contests and Com- mander Buchanan was killed. In March, 1864, Mr. Mars was ordered to report on board the U. S. steamer "Diana" as engineer in charge. Late in the month a rumor prevailed that the rebels were planning to cut off communications with the fleet and General Weitzel detailed Lieuten- ant Allen to select a light-draught gunboat to reconnoiter. The Diana was selected and, after searching the locality designated without suc- cess, steamed back to the Bayou Teche and thence to the mouth of the Atchafalaya. They found that they had plenty of business on hand as they were trapped into this position . As they approached Pattersonville, the "Cotton" opened Are and they leturned the compliment in as good shape as they could. While thus engaged, a cloud of dust lietrayed the arrival of a land force and the batteries were placed in position and through two hours they were shelled and fired on by sharp shoott'rs. The steamer be- came unmanageable, and they were soon hard aground with no prospect of getting off or of saving the vessel, the officers being killed or mortally wounded, including Lieutenant Allen. Harry Weston, the only line officer left, con- sulted Mr. Mars as to the best course to pursue, and it was determined to surrender. Mr. Mars took a sheet and pillow case from his bed, and gave one toWatson and they waved them as flags of truce amid u storm of bullets. This was the first action in which the rebels there had been in battle and they were completely unmanage- able as is charitably supposed. After the firing- ceased the rebels came on board in dug-outs or " sugar coolers " and treated their captives with great rudeness, for which the otHcers afterwards apologized. About 120 men and officers were taken and marched 12 miles to Camp Bis- land, which they reached at midnight. About 10 o'clock in the morning an officer came for Messrs. Mars and Watson and conducted them to his tent where he gave them a confederate breakfast, consisting of corn bread, rye coffee and bacon. The privates were soon after pa- roled and conducted to the Union lines, but the seven officers named were marched under guard to a place in Texas and, a week later, the approach of the Union forces necessitated their removal and they gave parole which held them until they arrived at Alexandria, La. They were placed in a mule wagon and driven in the custody of one man to Alexan- dria. They were held in jail 10 days, their food consisting of corn pone, bacon and a pail of water. Finley Anderson, correspondent of the Neiv York Herald, who was captured on the Queen of the West, was confined in a cell of the jail and he was placed with them. (The gunboat Diana was afterwards destroyed and the Cotton also by Union troops.) The Union forces again approaching, Mr. Mars and his companions were again placed under parole of honor and put aboard the steamer Annie Perrett and taken to Shreve- port. La., and held for two weeks. A remon- strance was drawn up and sent to General Kirby Smith, commanding the rebel forces, complaining of being treated as felons, rather than prisoners of war. Soon after, they were removed to an old warehouse and held about three weeks. (Mr. Mars here pays a warm tribute of thanks to a rebel lady and her two daughters who smuggled to them food and other things to alleviate their sufferings, and, although he has forgotton their names he re- calls their memories with blessings and grati- tude.) Their numbers were greatly increased by captured men from Grant's reconnoitering forces until the room held 72 and removal be- came a necessity. One night about two o'clock they were roused to make a move and were marched to the middle of the street to find 214 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF themselves hedged by two rows of cavalrymen. They stood there for two hours when they started for a tramp to Tyler, Texas,'_to be con- fined in the United States Court House. The cruelties were of the class that characterised the South in the treatment of prisoners of war and the consequence to the sufferers were the same. Three weeks later they went to Camp Ford and Mr. Mars was carried to the wagon in which he was removed. The stockade was in a forest and the ]>risoners built themselves log huts inside. They cut the wood with which kept themselves warm and sup[)Hed the warmth they lacked through in- sufficient clothing. Their numbers increased and when Banks went up through the Red River country, 4,000 men were soon within the stockade and it was increased to an enclosure of 80 acres. (During the winter. Col. C. C. Nott of the 176tli New York, and others, con- ceived a scheme of escape. Their shanty was about 20 feet from the stockade line and they planned to tunnel under it and to the vicinity of a large tree 50 feet distant where they pro- posed to break ground and emerge. But the accession of so many prisoners and the consequent enlargement when they were all in readiness to escape to freedom, de- stroyed their chances.) Afterwards IG men, including Mr. Mars, devised a plan to es- cape through the stockade, a part of which was to be removed. Meaiiwhile others were to cre- ate a music of which the rebels were very fond and to which they always listened. According to jirogramme, the 16 marched out and divided into squads of three and five and scattered in all directions, hoping to be able to reach the Union lines, several hundred miles distant. The men forgot to replace the post, and when the guard returned from the concert the gap in the stockade was discovered. The alarm was at once given and three packs of hounds were let loose, followed by rebels armed and equipped for their capture. The hounds discovered the camp of hiding' 22 miles from the stockade, and one of them sprang at the throat of Lieutenant O. H. Hibbard ; as his comrades were preparing to defend him with clubs, five rebel revolvers covered them. Finally the dogs were called off and the men marched back to camp, all being captured with the exception of two. About the first of July, an exchange of about 1,000 prisoners was to take place, and the com- mand of General Teake which had been held the longest were detailed for release. But no provisions had been made to include naval officers. One of the command of Teake died the night before the list was to be made np and Mr. Mars disguised himself so that his own mess-mate did not know him and answered to the name of " Chris. Bobenger " and marched out. Mr. Mars refers to his mental condition under the inspection of the rebel officers and his relief when the order to march was given. They went 200 miles to the mouth of the Red River where they again greeted the Union P^lag, after 16 montiis in rebel prisons. Hats went up and ciieers rent the air under the inspiration of the Stars and Stripes. They were exchanged man for man on the river banks and as Mr. Mars passed a six-foot Texan with red hair and slouched hat, they exchanged glances as free men. As he passed into the Union lines, swinging his old slouched hat, a confederate officer galloped forward stating that Engineer Mars had escaped and was among the prisoners, but too late, for Mars was under the protection of the United States. The same evening the "1,000" were sent to New Orleans, and Mr. Mars reported at once on arrival to Commodore Palmer and, on relating experiences received leave of absence and passed six weeks at the North. He returned to naval headquarters and was assigned to the U. S. steamer Elk, commanded by Nicholas Kirby. After the taking of Fort Morgan, Aug. 23, 1864, the Elk performed the duties of a cruiser until April, 1865, when orders were received to assist in the assault on Spanish Fort and the fortifica- tions of Mobile and, after the capitulation of those points, the Elk was detailed to convoy transports up the Alabama to Montgomery. Later, he was detached from the Elk and assigned to the U. S. prize steamer. Black Dia- mond, commanded by F. B. Jarchke and was made 2nd Assistant Engineer. Mr. Mars was also assigned to superintend the repairs of the machinery of the prize steamer Morgan, captured in the spring of 1865. Near Selma he was attacked with fever and ague and returned to Mobile for examination by the fleet surgeon and received orders to the hospital at Pensacola. At this time the war was virtually over, Lee and •Johnston having surrendered. Mr. Mars retains a vivid remembrance of the excitement, rage and sorrow in the fleet on the reception of the news of the assassination of the President. At Pensacola he was examined by a^board of naval PERSONAL RECORDS. 215 surgeons who sent him to the naval hospital at Brooklyn, N. Y., where he was carefully attended and recuperated rapidly. He was granted three months leave of absence with orders to report afterward for duty to the Secre- tary of the Navy at Washington and at tlie same time he applied for discharge, wliicli he re- ceived Feb. 18, 186G, with the tlianks of the Department, signed by Gideon Wells, Secretary of the Navy. Air. Mars retains all the various documents lie lias received bearing dates of his promotions and atfording a collection which will be exhibited by his descendants in future years with just pride. Mr. Mars engaged after the war as a steamboat and stationary engineer, and was in the employ of Munger & Wheeler at Chicago 12 years. In 187i» he entered the em- ploy of the Marinette Iron Works Company, assuming charge of the Chicago branch of their business, located at No. 164, now 212 Lake street. In 1882 he assumed charge of the Iron Works at Florence, Wis., as Superintendent, until the works were destroyed by fire in 1885. He is now (1888) employed by the Marinette Iron Works as traveling salesman, making con- tracts for mining machinery built by the firm. Mr. Mars was united in marriage with Fannie J. Blinkinsop, Dec. 12, 1866. She is a daughter of Thomas and Nancy Blinkinsop. William P., oldest child, was born in Chicago and is in the employ of the firm referred to in the cap- acity of clerk. Bessie G. and Fannie M. com- plete the trio of survivnig children. Mabel L. died when 23 months old. During his early experience as a sailor, Mr. Mars obtained pos- session of a U. S. flag, receiving it as a gift from the quartermaster of the sloop of war, Vandalia, on her return from Europe, in 1858, on which he was a .sailor. It has been all over the world and was used also in the civil war. Mr. Mars is one of the respected citizens of Marinette. He is a man of culture and refinement, and enjoys the comforts and luxuries of a lovely home and household. LMA CARPENTER, of Westfield, Wis., ^ and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 65, was born Oct. 15, 188-1, in A'illa- nova, Cliautauque Co., New York, and he is the son of William and Nancy (Dodge) Carpenter. His parents were of Eastern stock and descended from families who were con- nected with the earliest historj'^ of the settle- ment of America. In 1843 Mr. Carpenter came West to Illinois and in 1846 removed to Wis- consin, locating in Walworth county and re- moved thence to Marquette county in 1851. He grew to manhood in the Badger State and all his interests have been identified witli those of Wisconsin as a farmer and soldier. He enlisted Aug. 15, 1862, in Company A, 1st Wisconsin Heavy Artillery at Westfield for three years. He served until the close of the war and re- ceived honoral)le discharge at Milwaukee, July 14, 1865, with the command. The l)aUery was the nucleus of the artillery regiment known afterwards as the 1st Wisconsin Heavy Artillery and was in existence from the summer of 1861, at which time Mr. Carpenter became one of the command and he was instructed in all the vari- eties of soldierly drill which belong to artillery service proper and also infantry and camp drill and tactics, as artillerymen are alwaj^s liable to be called on to serve asinfantiy and must, also, perform much heavy labor not a necessity in other branches of the service. Mr. Carpenter became a good carpenter in business as in name as tliere was always a body of the men at work on fortifications and buildings in other direc- tions, as many of the members of the battery during their long stay at Washington built for themselves little cottages. (See sketch of Henry Van Valkenljurg.) Three kinds of military drill — heavy and light artillery practice and in- fantry — involved a large amount of labor and the artillerymen of Battery Rogers, where they were chiefly stationed, had little time for recrea- tion. The battery remained in the defenses of Wasliington throughout the period of enroll- ment, in readiness for active service when the Capital was endangered by rebel invasion. In December, 1864, Mr. ( 'arpenter was taken sick with lung and kidney disease and was .sent to Woodbury hospital where he was in sick quar- ters until March, 1865. His brother, Walter D. Carpenter, was also a soldier during the war of the reljellion. Mr. Carpenter was discharged July 14, 1865. He returned to his farming in Marquette county and has been principally engaged in that business since. He is now the owner of two houses and five building lots in Westfield. He was married Dec. 28, 1859,, to Mary Jane Martin. Their children are named Sarah Jane, Mary Arenna, Walter M., Mary ^'irginia and Flora Malvina. The two elder daughters are 216 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF twins and the first named is married. Mr. Car- penter has served in the town of Springfield in the several capacities of school ofticer. He is a respected and upright citizen. M^ OSES B. TUCKER, Waupun, Wis., ^A-^i?^ and a memlier of G. A. R. Post -.<•) 1 i'W ^^ J 14^ ^.,g i^Qj.,^ Yeh. 25, 1840, in Huntsl)urg, Geauga Co., Ohio. He is the son of William and Sarah Ann (Hinkley) Tucker and his father was born in the State of New York. The mother was a na- tive of Ohio and both are still living in White- hall, Trerapeleau Co., Wis. The father was a mason l)y avocation. The son lived at home and, after his boyhood and youth were passed, he was a laljorer until the date of the Civil War. He was among the first in Wisconsin to heed his country's call for help in her hour of trial and enlLsted April 23, 1861, in Company 1, 4th Wisconsin Infantry for three months at Sparta, Monroe Co., Wis. He went to Racine where the organization of the regiment took place and was mustered into U. S. service Jul}' 2, 18G1. He was with the regiment in its ex- citing experiences while en route to the front and after arrival at Baltimore was in camp until July, when he was taken ill with malarial fever and sent to hospital at Relay House where he passed three months. Meanwhile, the regiment had gone to Eastern A^irginia and he went next to the convalescent hospital at Baltimore and rejoined his regiment in De- cemlier. He went in Fel)ruary to Fortress Moni'oe, preparatory to going with Butler to Ship Island, whither he sailed with all the discomfort and suttering which made that trip conspicuous. He was in the movements of the regiment at the taking of Forts Jackson and St. Phillips and was one of the first to enter the citj' of New Orleans on its surrender. He was with his company in the occupation of Baton Rouge and went afterwards to the first attack on Vick.sburg. On the return he assisted in the burning of Grand Gulf. He was in the second attack on Vicksljurg and participated in the battle of Baton Rouge. In April he went to Berwick in the Teche expedition and fought at Bisland. In the chase after the Texas cav- alry he was among the mounted men of the regiment and was afterwards in the scouting expedition in which the rear of Dick Taylor's command was captured. On reaching Port Hudson the command again became infantry and in May took part in the assault on Port Hudson. The experience was a sharj) one but unsuccessful; in June another attempt to reduce the place occurred and Mr. Tucker remained with the command afterwards in that vicinity until the surrender, after Vicksburg was taken. The "4th" was converted into cavalry in Au- gust following, and in September was fully equipped as such and Mr. Tucker was in all the service performed by the command until his discharge at New Orleans, July 9, 1 864. He was in the scouting which was conducted by the brave Lieutenant Earl and the details of much of that specie of service may be found in connection with the sketches of many of the command who are represented in this volume. After his discharge Mr. Tucker was detained two weeks in New Orleans whence he came to Sheboygan where his parents lived. He was almost wholly disabled from illness contracted in service and was for a long time unable to perform any labor. He remained in business with his father until April, 1881, when he re- moved to Waupun to take a position as guard on the wall of the prison. Soon after, he was transferred to the position of night guard and, in May, 1882, was again transferred to assist in the management of the works! lop where iie is at present (1888) officiating. The position is one which requires vigilance and observation of an unremitting nature. He was married Nov. 5, 1867, to Anna M. Rowe of Sheboygan county. Her parents removed to Wisconsin from Philadelphia. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Tucker are Halbert E., Laura E. and Mat- tie A. Four brothers of Mr. Tucker were soldiers in the Civil War. Charles P. enlisted in Com- pany I, 1st Wisconsin Infantry and was cap- tured at Chickamuga ; he was taken to Ander- sonville where he starved and suffered until his death 10 months after his incarceration. Wil- liam Henry enlisted in Company H, in the same regiment and died of fever at Louisville, Ky. Alonzo T. enlisted in Company K, 35th Wisconsin Infantry and now lives at White- hall, Wis. Edward T., who was a soldier in Company B, 8th AVisconsin, resides in Sheboy- gan. His two brothers, Austin H. and Daniel, live respectively in Clarke county and Enu Claire counties in Wisconsin. His only sister, PERSONAL RECORDS. 217 Rheuamy is the widow of Otis J. Allen, who was a soldier in a Vermont regiment. Mr. Tucker is a Republican in political connection and is a man possessed of just the traits, phys- ical and mental, necessary to his responsible position — steady nerves and cool, reliant judg- ment. HARLES HOWARD LINDSLEY, I'esident at Waupun, Wis., Past Com- mander of Post Hans C. Heg, No. 114, was born Aug. 6, 1S39 in Lyme, Jefferson Co., New York. He is the son of Elijah and Maria (Webster) Lindsley, both of whom were born in Connecticut and belonged to the a,gricultural class. In 1835 they re- moved to the State of New York where they engaged in farming and came to Wisconsin in 1848, locating at Waupun The father tliere pursued the same vocation and died at the age of 82 years in 1874. Tlie mother died in New York in 1848, aged about 5U years. Mr. Lindsley of this sketch passed his early days at home, attending the district schools and working on the farm. He was variously engaged until the date of the Civil War when he determined to enter the army and he enlisted May 5, 1801, in Company D. 3rd Wisconsin Infantry for three years at Wau- pun. He went into rendezvous at Fond du Lac and was with the regiment in its subse- quent movements to Hagerstown, Md., and to Harper's Ferry and to Frederick City where he engaged in subduing the bogus legislature and aided in holding the State in the Union until the spring of 1862. He was in the move- ments with Banks in the retreat after Winches- ter and was in his first considerable battle at Cedar Mountain. He fought in the action there until wounded. He was hit in his ankle and another ball struck his head, removing a piece of the scalp. He was sent to Culpepper to have his wounds dre.ssed and was with his com- mand withni 24 hours. In the tight at Antie- tam, Sept.. 17th, a bullet struck the buckle of his belt and lodged in his body, his life being saved by the obstructing U. S. buckle. He was excused from duty for four weeks but did not leave his regiment. In the spring he was able to enter active service and fought at Chancel- lorsville, Beverly Ford and Gettysburg. He went with the command to New York to as- sist in quelling the draft riot and afterwards remained at various points in the eastern part of the State until September when the regi- ment became again connected with military service at the front, rejoining the command of the Potomac. The " 3d " was transferred to the Army of the Cumberland and went to Tennessee and Alabama, where re-enlisting as veterans commenced and, in December 1863, Mr. Lindsley returned to Wisconsin and opened a recruiting othce at Waujiun where he en- listed 64 men for his command. In April fol- lowing, he rejoined his regiment at Kingston, Ga., and was first in action afterwards atRe.saca. He fought in the actions at Dallas and near Marietta, and was mustered out .July 16, 1864, liis period of service having expired. During his term he was promoted in May, 18(52, to ( brporal, and to Duty Sergeant in December of the same year. He was made Orderly Sergeant in April, 1863 and received a commission as 2nd Lieutenant in July, 1864. After leaving the war, Mr. Lindsley returned to AVaupun, where he was occupied in manag- ing his father's farm for a time and in 1866 engaged in the sale of groceries in which he was inti'rested .six years. In 1871 he went to Iowa and engagi^d there in farming and mer- cantiU' life until 1874, when he returned to Waupun and again became interested in the business of a grocer in wJiich he continued until 1883 when he entered upon tlie duties of keeper at the State prison at Wauj)un ;ind has also Ijeen connected with the workshop. He has acted in the capacity of turnkey since 1884. He was married Feb. 22, 1865, to Augusta Amadou, who is a native of the State of New York. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Lindsley are named Edward A., Lucius Archie and Clara Louisa. One child died in infancy. Mr. Lindslt'y had four brothers. Daniel H. was in the New Y(jrk Heavy Artillery and is a resi- dent of Jefferson Co., New York. Miles enlisted in the 42nd Wisconsin Infantry and is a citizen of Jackson Co., Minn. George was a soldier in the 32nd A\'isconsin Infantry, Company A; he lives at Neillsville, Clark Co., Wis. Another, Clark Lindsley, is a resident of Hartford, Conn., and Ids youngest son was in the 20th Connecti- cut and was killed while on picket duty in ser- vice, showing conspicuous bravery. A sister lives in Arlington, Dak. Mr. Lindsley is a staunch Republican and has always honored the representatives of his 218 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF party. He is Captain of Company L, 2nd regi- ment Wisconsin National Guard and is promin- ent in connection with the Post. He is a citizen whose relations to the community are such as to secure recognition of his honorable character and public spirit. In April, 1887, he was elected Mayor of Waupun and filled that office one year. WLBERT ROLFE, Ripon, Wis., a mem- /AS\1 . |-,gj. of Q ^ ^ pogt j^Q_ 199^ ^j^g ^joj,^ Jan. 3, 1824, in Boscawen, Merrimac Co., N. H., and is the son of Amos and Fannie (Burbank) Rolfe. His father was a native of the same town and died in 1840 at the age of 50 years. His mother was born in Northumberland, N. H., and died at Boscawen in 1865 aged 70 years. She was the daughter of a Revolutionary soldier. Mr. Rolfe was reared in his native State and acquired a knowledge of shoemaking. He came to Wis- consin and settled at Ripon where he worked at gardening and farming until he became a soldier. In May, 1864, he enlisted in Company B, 41st Wisconsin Infantry for 100 days at Ripon. He joined his regiment at Milwaukee and went to Memphis, Tenn., where he per- formed duty as guard and was in the exciting affair with Forrest when that celebrated and slippery individual made his midnight assault on the sleeping camps of the Wisconsin and Illinois soldiers placed there to guard the citizens and to maintain the triumph of the veteran soldiers, and on that occasion was in arms from three in the morning until ten o'clock. He contracted chronic diarrhea but remained in camp rather than go through a hospital experience. He reached his home in a dilapidated state and his condition was so re- duced that the home physicians pronounced his case hopeless. He treated his disease him- self and recovered and has never applied to the Government for a pension. He received his discharge at Milwaukee in October, 1865, and returned to Ripon, where he has since been occupied in shoemaking. He was married Oct. 19, 1852, to Mary S. Alexander, who was born in Northfield, Vermont. Her brother, Daniel S. Alexander, was a soldier in the 3rd New Hampshire Infantry and was wounded in the battle of Drury's Blutf, being shot through both his eyes and dying in three days. Angic, only cliild of Mr. and Mrs. Rolfe, married Ward V. Smith ; she lives with her parents and has a son named Harry and an infant daughter. Mr. Rolfe is a citizen of Ripon of excellent repute and is a Democrat in political opinion. He voted for Abraham Lincoln during the war and holds his certificate of hon- orable service from Mr. Lincoln, which was awarded to the 100-days men by Special Act. SX\^ILUAU M AHONEY, of Wausau, CJC')/ Wis., and a member of G. A. R. '"'fs^L ^^^^ ^^- ^^' ^'^^ ^*°''" ^Pi"!' 14, 1845, in Blandon, County Cork, Ireland. His parents, Dennis and Mary (Ma- honey) Mahoney, removed from the Green Isle to America in 1847 when he was two years old. Their port was at St. John's, New Brunswick and his mother died there in quarantine. He was taken to Boston by his father and left with his aunt, Margaret Horigan, by whom he was reared to the age of six years and then went to Piermont, Rockland Co., New York to live with his aunt, Johanna Donovan. Until 185() lie attended the couimon schools there and in that year came to Wisconsin, remaining in Wash- ington county until 1858 living with his father on a farm. He went thence to Manitowoc where he lived with his uncle, Michael Ma- honey and attended school until 1860. He obtained a situation to learn the printer's trade in the office of the Manitowoc Pilot and went, in 1862 to Chilton, C'alumet Co., Wis., to work on the Times. In May, 1863, he enlisted as an able seaman in the United States navy and was sent to the Mississippi Squadron of iron-clads and .served on the gunboat Eastport. He re- mained in that service, scouting up and down the Mississippi from Cairo to the White River and, in September following, was discharged for disability. He returned to Chilton and en- listed as a recruit in C'ompany K, 4th Wiscon- sin which had then Ijeen converted into cav- alry. He made connection with his com- mand at Baton Rouge, his company being on detached duty from that place to Highland where the detail accomplished much excellent service and constructed stockade defenses. Mr. Mahoney was in many of the skirmishes in which many rebel prisoners were captured, and PERSONAL RECORDS. 219 participated in the recomioissance to Clinton, La., where there was a large force of rebel cavalry and the skirmishing heavy. Colonel Boardman made a i-eckless exjiosure of himself in an eitbrt to find a crossing phu-e for his regi- ment and was .shot to death, the only loss in the expedition. (May 4, 1864.) Mr. Mahoney with a comrade caught his flying horse after he fell. His own bridle was cut by a Ijall. During the summer, lie was in the gallant actions in that vicinity and was constantly alert in scouting and skirmi.shing, capturing rebels and driving them from point to point. In November, he was in a detail to make a feint to attract the attention of the rel)els from Sher- man's army and marched 300 miles. In January, he was back to Baton Rouge. In March, he was in another action at Comite River and in May and .June was in the saddle nearly all the time for seventy days without much rest. In July, he started with the com- mand for Texas arriving at San .\ntonio in the first week of August. There Companies K and F were consolidated and the regiment passed the succeeding months in work attendant upon adjustment and regulation of affairs resulting from the interruption of the rebellion. Much was done by the command to put an I'ud to Indian depredations and internal piracy of an exasperating nature. Soon after, the regiment was mustered out and came home to receive discharge June 17, 1(S6(J, at Madison. Returning to Chilton Mr. Mahonc}' engaged in the sah.^ of drugs and was appointtsd Post- master by Andrew Johnson June 1, 18(i7, serv- ing until Aug. 1, 1869. He was Town Clerk eight years and in 1876 received the nomi- nation for Sheriff on the Democratic ticket to he defeated Ijy a very small majority, three candidates l)eing in the field. Jan. 7, 1880, he went to Colby, Marathon Co., Wis., and oper- ated a year as a clerk. In November of the next year, he went to Spencer, Wis., and re- mained until September 1, 1885, in the service of W. J. Clifford. On that date he went to Wausau to accept a situation as Deputy Collec- tor of the 6th District under Hon. J. M. Mor- row, of Sparta, Wis. This is now the 2d District, and Mr. Mahoney discharges the duties of the same office under Gen. A. C. Parkinson, of Madison. Mr. Mahoney is an ardent Democrat and has served the interests of his party vigorously since n'turning to civil life. He has been several times elected dele- gate to State and Congressional Conventions. November 4, 1869, he was married to Sarah Birdsall, and their only child is named Madge. Winnie, the oldest daughter, died at Colby when about twelve years old. Mrs. Mahoney is a native of Perryville, Ohio. HARLES W. DKJK, of Stock In-idge, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Po.st No. 40, was Itorn April 23, 1838, in Brothertown, Calumet Co., Wis. He is the son of Alexander G. and Samantha (Sickter) Dick and the former died in Kan.sas in 1864. His mother is still living in Brother- town and is 77 years old. Mr. Dick received a common school education and, when he was 14 years of age, he went to the far West and passed some years in traversing the Territories and Southern States, returning to Stockbridge in 1859. Until 1861 he was interested in farm- ing and lumbering and among the earliest to enrojl in the military service of tlie United States after the war came on. April 27lli he en- listed in Conii)any K, 4th Wisconsin Infantry at Stockbridge for three months in the State service and was afterwards sworn into the U. S. service, joining his command at Racine after re-enlisting for three years. He went with the regiment to Baltimore, passing through exper- iences while on the way which are of intert'st and told in detail in many sketches on other pages. He was in the march to the Eastern shore of Virginia and afterwards went to For- tress Monroe, whence he went with the regi- ment to Ship Island in the command of Butler. He was in the several movements up and down the Mississippi River in the attempts on Vicks- burg and fought at Baton Rouge. He was in the subsequent movements and took part in the battle of Bisland. He was in the battle of Clinton, La., and there received a bullet through his cap and blouse. He was also in the second as.sault on the same place and was camping in the vicinity when the fort surrendered. After the conversion of the regiment into cavalry Mr. Dick was in all its experiences and engaged in active skirmishing and scouting in Southern Louisiana. He re-enlisted Jan. 4, 1864, at Baton Rouge in the same company and regiment, and was in the reconnoissance to Clinton, La. He 220 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF Ridiinond, was seized with jaundice while still an infantry soldier and passed three months in tlie hospital at Carrollton, La., and went afterwards to Char- ity and University hospitals at New Orleans. After recovery, he rejoined the regiment at Port Hudson, Jan. 14, 1863. He was with the regi- ment in all its later experiences and was mus- tered out at San Antonia, Texas, and discharged at New Orleans, Sept. 14, 1S65. In October he reached Stockbridge where he has since operated as a carpenter. He was married Aug. 30, 1S76, to Emogene Johnson of Stockbridge and their three children are named Lester Ulysses, Horace Charles and Roy Alex- ander. Mr. Dick is a citizen who sustains the record he made as a soldier in his private life. He is a useful member of his Post and enjoys the respect of the community where he resides. ILLIAM HEUKON, of Brandon, Wis., and Adjutant of G. A. R. Post No. 13H, was born April 22, 1836 in the town of New Clermont Co., Ohio, and is the son of James and Margaret (Arciiard) Herron, the former a native of Pennsylvania and a farnn'r by vocation. He removed liis family to Oliio in 1815 and engaged in the publication of a news- paper at New Richmond. In 1841 he went to Indiana wliere he engaged in farming and died when 70 years old in 1870. Tlie mother is still living in Indiana. The son was an inmate of the parental liome until liis majority. He ob- tained a good education under the instruction of his father and, at 17, began teaching in a district school. He engaged in that calling until the war and at an early period of the Great Struggle determined to enlist, if his services were needed. In the second year it became manifest to all that the contest was of proportions which exceeded the first impres- sions of the executive and military authorities and Mr. Herron enlisted Aug. 16, 1862 in Com- pany B, 85th Indiana Infantry for three years or for the war. He went to rendezvous at Terre Haute and thence to Indianapolis where the re- giment received uniforms. They went next to Cincinnati to the defense of the city when threatened by Kirby Smith and followed the rebels in their retreat to Crab Orchard, camping afterwards at Danville, Ky., and a month later were engaged in the chase of John Morgan. January 1st they arrived at Louisville, wliere they embarked for Nashville and marched from 'there to Brentwood Station, remaining there until March 2nd. Mr. Herron was in his first active warfare at Franklin when that place was taken and on the 5th skirmished all day with the cavalry of Wheeler. At night he fought at Thompson's Station and was one who sur- rendered to Van Dorn after holding the posi- tion tliree hours and until the last round of ammunition was fired. Nearly the entire regi- ment were taken to Libby, but Mr. Herron made his escape in the darkness of the first night, hiding in a clump of cedars until his captors had passed. They had taken from him his boots and overcoat and given him an old blanket, which he tore into strips and bound around his feet so he could walk. He made his way to the 104th Ohio regiment, a distance of about six miles through the woods and arriving at their picket line about three o'clock in the morning in a worn-out condition. On the same day he joined Company D of liis command which had been left behind at Frankhn and was there as- signed to duty as military postmaster June 13th. Owing to failing health, he was sent to the hos- pital at Nashville, where he remained until Sept. 15th, when he joined the regiment at at Wartrace, Tenn. October 5th, he went to Duck River Bridge to defend the position where a company of the regiment had been captured. After passing the winter at A'arious points in varied duty, he went with the regiment to Look- out Mountain which was reached May 3rd, 1864. May 4th, they camped on the battle field of Chickamauga. On the 5th, they crossed Taylor's Ridge through Gordon's Gap and were held as reserve at Buzzard's Roost. Mr. Herron was in the fight at Resaca three days and was next in action at Cassville, the town being taken. He was afterwards in the fights at New Hope Church, Lost Mountain, Gulp's Farm, Marietta, Kenesaw Mountain, Peach Tree Creek and skirmished thence to Atlanta, moving into the city Septeml)er 3rd, after the evacuation. Here he received a 15-day furlough and on his return to his regiment was assigned to duty at the headquarters of Major-General Chas. Cruft serv- ing on detached duty until April 10th follow- ing when he again returned to his regiment and was in the last battle of the war at Bentonville, N. C, and was honorably discharged June 12, 1865 at Washington. He returned to Indiana and was occupied in teaching and in newspaper work until 1882 PERSONAL RECORDS. 221 when lie removed to Wisconsin and located at Brandon. lie was married IVfay 1, 18i^^^'*itf->«5«f-* /^^ DWARD SKILLING, a farmer on sec- | , Y tion 23, Suamico Township, Brown \^!^^^ Co., Wis., and a former soldier in the civil war, was born March 24, 1845, in St. Francis, Canada. His parents, Antone and Adeline (Udl) Skilling, removed to the United States and came in 1846 to Green Bay, Wis., and in the same year went to Duck Creek where he remained until 1879; from there be removed to Suamico, his present resi- dence. He enlisted March 14, 1864, when 19, at Green Bay in Company G, 2nd Wisconsin Cavalry, for three years and joined the com- mand with the veterans who returned from Wisconsin at ^'icksburg. In Junt', Clompany G went to Cassville and remained about two months, scouting in Missouri and Arkansas and in the fall, Mr. Skilling was in the battle of Prairie Grove. He returned to Vicksburg and engaged in scouting on the Big Black River and in Deceml)er went to Memphis. He was in the action at Readsburg, alter which be went with his command to join the forces of Genei'al Sheridan at Alexandria up the Red River, and when he reached that place was PERSONAL RECORDS. 223 sent back on the evidence of three surgeons as unable to proceed with the command to Texas. He went to the hospital at New < )rleans and thence to St. l^ouis on the hos]iital bi>at and was transferred two montlis after tth Wis- consin and remained in his care a year but has never fully recovered. Mr. Skilling was mar- ried in 1866 to Mary Trnesdell and their chil- dren are named Jo.sephine, Mary, Edward, Ar- thur and .John : (ieorge, Maggie, Rosa, Emma and Louisa are not living. Peslitigo, Ig^KANCTS M. MULLEN, of ' ' Wis., and a formei- soldier in the civil war, was born Oct. 12, 1844, in Tay- lorville, .Johnson Co., Tennessee, and is the son of .Joseph and Sarah (Walker) Mullen. His father was in the Mexican war, and received a wound, from which he died. The father of his mother was in the war of 1 812 and his grand- father fought in the Blackhawk war. Two of his brothers enlisted in L'uion regiments from Tennessee and another was recruiting officer for the Union army in the same State. The latter, was wounded in an encountm- witli the reliels while conducting recruits through the Cumber- land Mountaijis to the I'nion lines. Mr. Mullen resided in his native State until 1860 when he went to his grandfather's in Penn- sylvania to go to school and, soon after, the war with all its terrors and iiorrors was upon the people of the North and, under the influence of the enthusiasm with which the Keystone State was filled, he enli.sted .July 18, 1861, just pre- vious to and while the troops were gathering for the fight at Bull Run. He enrolled at Phila- deljihia for three years in Company A, 3rd Penn- sylvania Cavalry, a three months regiment whicli was reorganized immediately on the expiration of its first period of service. He was promoted in 1862 as 2nd Sergeant and was discharged Dec. 27, 1863, on account of disability, from hos- pital at Washington, D. C. April 24, 1864, he enlisted as a veteran in A Company, 187th Pennsylvania Infantry and received honorable discharge Aug. 30, 18oth natives of Canada and representatives of French ancestors, originating in Nantes, France, six generations removed. When he was lo years old he came to \\'isconsin in 184() and made his way from Sheboygan to < ireen Bay on the Indian trail and reaclu'ir (irand Rapids Nov. 15, 1846. His uncle, Francis X. Biron, was there engaged in lumbering and he was in las employ until 1850 when he went to California. He returned two years later and engaged in l)usiness with his uncle a year when he sold his interest and bought the "Merrill Mill" four miles from the Rapids. After tw'O years of success his dam and logs were washed out and he sold the property. His losses of one day amounted to $6,000. His next venture was in locating pine lands in part- nership with St. Louis bankers and was to re- ceive a third interest in them for locating and managing, and he invested $1,200 with the In- dians up the Wisconsin River to obtain their good will and loUowed the surveys and located the land. He was in a fair way to come into extensive possessions when the war interfered with the arrangement, his St. Louis associates espousing the cause of the South. During the first months of the war, Mr. Cotey determined to enter the army and he enlisted Nov. 5, 1861, in Company G, 18th Wisconsin Lifantry at Grand Rapids for three years. He was mustered out at Louisville July 20, 1865, after a service of four years and eight montlis. The record of Mr. Cotey entitles him to special mention from the fact that he en- listed as a private without influence and by meritorious service and bravery on the flekl, rose to the hightest rank in his company. From the regimental rendezvous at Camp Trowbridge at Milwaukee, the regiment went on the 30th of March from Wisconsin under orders to re- port at St. Louis, where they received orders to move immediately to Pittsburg Landing and in less than a week fought in that battle, where Colonel James S. Alban was killed. Mr. Cotey was injured in the battle, a shot shattering his gunstock and felling him senseless to the ground. This was the only injury he received. After the battle iVIr. Cotey was ill with diarrhea. He remained in regimental hospital about iO days, wdien he rejoined his company, refusing to go to a hospital. He participated ni the siege of C'orinth, remaining in that vicinity until the battle of luka and returned to assist in the re- jiulse of Price and Van Dorn at Corinth. He 226 SOLDIERS ALBUM OF went with the force of Grant, which was des- tined to go to Grand Junction, but the plan was frustrated by the surrender of supphes at Holly Springs by (Joloncl Murphy, and they marched back 48 miles and moved to Holly Springs. After a tight there they fell Ijack to Memphis and took transports for Vicksburg, where Mr. Cotey was occupied on the several canals and went thence to Millikin's Bend and afterwards helped to cut the canal between the Mississippi River and Lake Providence and in clearing obstructions. Li April, they went down the river and in May reported to McPherson and Mr. Cotey was in the battle of .Jackson and started the next day for Vick.sburg, fighting at Ctiampion Hills. On the following night, the I'egiment tore down a warehouse and built a In-idge across the F>lack River of the bales of cotton on which they laid the lumber to hold it in place and on this the troops crossed. Three miles above was a bridge, on which the rebels had crossed and fired, cutting off 7,000 who were captured by the Union soldiers. Mr. Cotey was in the second assault at Vicksburg, and when it was reported that Johnston was on his way to re-enforce Pemberton at ^"icksburg, the ISth Wisconsin, with other troops under General Blair, were sent out to intercept him, but the report proved false and the command raided the valle}' between the Black and Yazoo Rivers destroying mdls, corn and other pro- perty and returned to Vicksburg followed by contrabands equal to their own numbers. The connnanding officer kept them constantly on the move ; many men were ill in consequence, and Captain Cotey was 10 days in the regi- mental hospital. After the surrender of Vicks- burg, • he received a special furlough for conspicious gallantry in the siege of Vicks- burg and returned to Wisconsin. After 00 days he rejoined the regiment at Memphis and marched to Chattanooga. The 18th regiment, with an Illinois regiment, was the first to cross the Tennessee River near Chickamauga Creek and they cai^tured the rebel pick- ets and laid the pontoons on which Sher- man's army crossed and soon after they were in a severe fight near Tunnell Hill. Cap- tain Cotey was in tlie charge at Mission Ridge and in the pursuit of the rebels to Dalton. They went into winter quarters at Huntsville, occupying the courthouse three months, during which they raided the adjacent country and destroyed the saltpeter works near Whitesl)urg. In the spring, Sherman's army was re-organ- ized for the march to the sea and the 18th was assigned to the loth Corps under John A. Lo- gan and started on the Atlanta campaign. Captain C'otey was in the fights at Rocky Face, Buzzard Roost and Resaca, where Logan's com- mand decided the fortunes of the day. He was next in action near Dallas and Pumpkin Vine Creek and fought at Allatoona where his regiment was left to guard supplies and after the l)attle of Atlanta, Hood, with 8,000 rebels, surrounded them at Allatoona Pass. They had 2,100 fighting men but they held their posi- tion and protected their supplies. The rebel loss was 1,200 in killed, wounded and prison- ers in this aci ion. They Avere in the command of General Corse, who was wounded. They moved next to guard a tunnel on the Chatta- nooga and Nashville railroad and two weeks later went to Chattanooga and thence to Alla- toona. They had veteranized at Huntsville and Ijeen promised veteran's furlough but could not be spared from the exigencies of the service until November, 1864. They re-assembled at Nashville and proceeded thence to Baltimore. They went to Louisville where they were frozen in and were compelled to go by rail and em- barked on steamers for Beaufort, N. C, and they marched to Newbern, where they were assigned to the command of (ien. Francis Mea- gher, where the regiment performed hard labor, building log huts for themselves and elegant headquarters for the commanding offi- cer, adorned with division and brigade Hags and surrounded by a fence. General Meagher issued an order requiring his soldiers to shave to their moustaches. At the end of three weeks the buildings were erected and the General had a grand display to which he invited the ladies of Newbern. He was making the clos- ing of a series of speeches when orders reliev- ing him arrived from the War Department and the command left their quarters the next UKjrn- ing for Goldsboro. On the route they had a fight with Bragg on a tributary of the Neuse River. The raw recruits with the IStli gave much annoyance from their excitement in this action, Captain Cotey having 30 of them in his company. While awaiting re-enforcements the rebels made seven charges in four days, to be repulsed in all. At Goldsboro they made connec- PERSONAL RECORDS. 227 tion with SliermanV army and went to Raleigh where they were in line of battle to liglit John- ston, when he surrendered. The authoi-ities at Washington demurred about the terms made bj' Sherman and line of battle was again formed but terms were arranged and the war was at an end. The luan^h tlirough Virginia to Washington and the(Tra,n(l Review followed. After the battle of Shiloii Mr. Cotey was made Orderly Sergeant of his ctJUipany and was afterward made Captain of Company (t, passing the intermediate grades. His commission was dated April 4, ISU'), and he was mustered out as such April 'iOth following. He was married Sep. 5, 1853, to Mary A. Byrne, a native of Galena, 111., and they have one son surviving — Appletou B. Cotey, a merchant at Pittsville, Wis. He mar- ried Nellie Smith, and their children are named Coole G., Clinton A. and Dawne E. Twin sons of Captain and Mrs. Cotey died in infanc3^ James Byrne, fatln'r of the wife, was a native of County Carlin, Ireland. Her mother, Ruth (Warren) Byrne, was born in Pennsylvania and was a relative of General Warren, the martyr of Bvmker Hill. Captain Cotey has been prominent in the management and honors of local affairs at Grand Rapids throughout his career there. May 5, 1874, he was commis.sioned by Gov. W. R. Taylor, Lumber Inspector of District No. 1 and he served two years. Gov. Harrison Lud- ington renewed the appointment under date of March oO, 187(; ; and April 1), 1878, Gov. Wm. E. Smith re-appointed him for two years. He was one the census enumerators in 1880 under Gen. T. S. Allen. He has been a prominent Re])ublican and has served his party with conspicuous fidelity. He has been entrusted with important business in the local management of campaigns and has a well sustained repute for the character of his services. Sep. 27, 1880, he was appointed by the Republican State Central Committee to take charge of matters pertaining to the party interests in his district. He was also commis- sioned by H. A. Taylor, Chairman of the Com- mittee, as Captain of the Blaine and Logan Army. He is in possession of an elegant sword presented to him by the members of his com- pany encased in an elegant silver scabbard bearing a spread eagle on the hilt and this in- scription etched on the blade : " Presented to Capt. -loseph L. Cotey by the members of Co. G, 18th Wisconsin Volunteer ^^eteran Infantrv, June 15, 18()5." -,>!^.-^>t^^^* OB R. BAKER, a resident of Stevens Point, Wis., and a charter member of G. ''^'" A. R. Post No. 150 at Hancock, was born December 3, 1844, in Bath, Steuben county. New York. Setli Barker, his paternal grandfathiT, was a soldier of the Mexican war and resided at Rochester at the time of the second war with England. He was a farmer and in July, 1857, came to Wisconsin, and bought a section of land in Grant township in Portage county, where he died when he was 62 years old. Four sons survived him and two were soldiers of the civil war. Cbauncy C. en- listed Jan. 5, 1804, in Company G, 7th Wiscon- sin Infantry, and died at Portsmouth Grove, Oct. 6, 1864, from disabilities incurred in the service. Seth M. was a soldier in Company H, 3rd Wisconsin Cavalry, in which he enlisted as a recruit August 16, 1864, and was transferred February 1, 1865, to Company A, reorganized command, and was discharged June 19, 1865. He returned to Wisconsin and was killed by lightning in 1878, at Plover, when 58 years old. He married Lucinda Dowd and removed his family to Northville, Wayne Co., Mich., and afterwards came to Wisconsin. After reaching Wisconsin, young Barker of this sketch ran away from home to learn the trade of a printer in which lie was occupied until he determined to enter the service. He made five separate efforts to enlist and was each time rejected on account of his age and size, but when the 100-days men were called for, he enlisted May 22, 1864, at Madison, in Company K, 40th Wisconsin Infantry, receiv- ing honorable discharge Sept. 16, 1864 at Madison. The captain of his company was Charles H. Barton, and the lieutenants repectively, Charles E. Hall and Nathan H. Downs. The colonel was W. Augustus Ray. The 40tli Wisconsin went to Mem- phis, and was a.ssigned to the 2nd Brigade, and quartered on the fairgrounds near the orchard of Beauregard, less than two miles east of the city of Memphis. He went on the double quick at the time of the attack of Forrest on the 228 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF city and after the chase returned to the camp. Previous to this affair, Mr. Barker had a sun- stroke and after the battle went to the liospital. When he enhsted Ins weight was 155 pounds; when he was discliarged he weiglied 97 pounds. As soon as he recovered lie determined to re- enlist and he was the first man enrolled in Com- pany <', 52nd AVisconsin Infantry, enlisting Feb. 25, 1S<)5. The compauj' was formed with George A. .Spurr as Captain, Georgt' Sexton and Thomas A. Conway, 1st and ■2nd Lieutenants. The battalion of five companies arrived at St. Louis, on the day of the assa,ssination of President Lincoln. They went thence to Pilot Knob, where iMr. Barker passed a week in the hospital and, at the expiration of that time, went in the ranks to Iron Mountain, and thence to St. Louis and Warrensburg in Missouri, where he per- formed guard duty until ordered to Leaven- worth, Kansas, to which jilace they marched and remained until ordered to Madison, where Mr. Barker received lionorable discharge July 30, 18G5. He was married Feb. 23rd 1865, to Hattie, daughter of (jeorge and Lucy (Baker) Down- ing. Soon after the war he buried his wife and infant child. The ensuing four years he was engaged in various avenues of busi- ness in different parts of the country and he learned the carpenter's trade in Hancock of William Palmer and he married the daughter of his em]iloyer. He was emploj-ed in the business of a carpenter until 18(>9, when he was obliged to change his vocation on account of ill health and engaged in farming and also was interested in reading medicine until 1885. He conducted his farm until 1888, when he entered the employ of the Wisconsin Central railroad corporation. He married Mary Palmer and they had four children. Hattie May, was born Jan. 2, 1870 ; Clarence A. was born Jan. 19, 1872 ; Dora, April 26, 1888. One child, Edith Lyle, was born March 2, 1884, and died in 1886, aged two j^ears and eight months. The grand- father of Mr. Barker on his mother's side, whose naime was Dowd, was of French descent and a soldier in the Revolution. His son George was a soldier in 1812. One brother of the mother of Mr. Barker named John was a soldier in the civil war. The mother of Mr. Barker was born in 1823, in Avoca, Steuben Co., New York, and died in 1884, at Plover. Mr. Barker belongs to a race whose generations were represented in the wars of this countrj' and is a man who believes that men should vote as they shot — for principle. ALLACE COLE, a prominent citr zen of Waupun, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 114, was born Feb. 29, 1840, at at Rochester, Racine Co., Wis., and is the son of Philander and Nancy (Fowler) Cole, both na- tives of Vermont and the former was of Welsh descent ; the latter was of Scotch-Irish ancestry and her father fought in the war of 1812. Mr. Cole lived in his native place until he was six years old and came to Waupun with his pa- rents, who bought a farm in Chester Township on which the son was reared and remained until he became a soldier. The war came on in the year he attained his majority and in Au- gust he enlisted, enrolling on the 28th day of the month, 1861, in Company G, 1st Wis- consin Infantry, for three j'ears. He was mus- tered into service Oct. 8th and left the State with his regiment. He remained with that command until November, 1862, wlien he was assigned to the Pioneer Corps under St. Clair Morton, receiving his detail to this duty at MitcheJlsville and was assigned to Company K, commanded by Lieut. Wm. Hammerick of of the 24th Illinois The duty of this body of men, picked from the Army of the Cumberland, was to build bridges and railroads and remove obstructions and prepare routes for the advance of the army. They were all armed and drilled in infantry tactics and the command was ac- companied by Stokes, Chicago Board of Trade Battery. They were also in action and fought in the prominent battles of the Army of the Cum- berland. After Stone River,Mr. Tlole was engaged in duty in the vicinity of Murfreesboro and was with the command in the advance on Tul- lahoma and in the skirmish at Liberty Gap. He was in the fight at Chickamauga and alterwards assisted in the construction of forts Negley and Wood and others and also a bridge across the Tennessee, preliminary to the advance of Sherman to the assistance of the Army of the Cumberland, which had been held by tiie rebel guns on Lookout. After working on a bridge across the Chick- amauga Creek, he was in the fight and charge at Mission Ridge, struction of a road He assisted in the con- across Lookout Mountain PERSONAL RECORDS. 229 that winter and, in the spring of 1864, was detailed as teamster in tlie pontoon train, driving eight mules, lie went through to Rome, Ga., and was there seized with scurvy and returned for medical treatment to Chat- tanooga. He performed camp duty until after tlie tight at Jonesboro when he went to Dalton, Ga., and aided in the repulse of Wheeler. During his connection with the Corps, he went, on one occasion, on a tour of inspection of forts on the Chattahoochie. He made frei[uent applications to be returned to his regiment Init was a useful man and was not allowed to return until after the fight at .lonesboro. Not long after, his reg- iment was discharged and his connection with military life ended Oct. 14, 1864. April 12, 1862, he was taken sick at Nashville with pneumonia and remained in a house which constituted the Held hospital south of Nash- ville where he remaiued until the army moved to Columbus and just before the. tight at Pittsburg Landing, was left without a surgeon and was sent with others to a convalescent camp. He was still in a critical state and re- ceived a wetting on the way, taking cold and suffering a relapse. He attributes the saving of his life to Governor Morton of Indiana, who was there looking after Indiana soldiers. He saw him in the round house on the fair grounds at Nashville where he lay strug- gling for breath. The Governor asked the surgeon to examine him ; he was asked a few questions and the Governor was informed tliat he was not an Indiana soldier; the surgeon was told that that made no difference, that he must be cared for. The next thing he realized was, tliiit he was in a hospital on Commercial street and after he was better he was sent to No. 8 hos- pital and successively to Convalescent Barracks and a convalesent camp. While there he learned that his Colonel, .lolin C. Starkweather, was in the city and he left the camp and made his way to the depot and found him and was taken by him to the regiment. He was reported from the camp as a deserter but the charge was made all right, and his presence with his command was sufficient. He remained with his company and regiment until detailed as before stated. His brother, .lames M. Cole, was in the 1st Minnesota Infantry, one of the most conspicuous commands in the service. (See sketch of H. 0. Fifield.) Mr. Cole was maried Oct. 14, 1865, to Alice Steele. Their children were named Fanny E., •Jessie G., Bertha A., Jennie E., Sylvester A., Jay E., -James M., and Helen T. Frances, twin with Fanny E., died at live years ; Alice M. died in infancy. Jessie married W. H. Stafford, a resi- dent of Waupun, who represents Wells & Co., of Chicago, as foreman in their establishment, they being contractors for convict labor. He is a native of Vermont. Cerrel and Helen (Seaton) Steele, parents of Mrs. Cole, were natives re- spectively of Connecticut and England; Moses Steele, the grandfather, was a soldier in 1812. Joseph Seaton, a cousin of Mrs. Cole, was wounded in a raid of the 1st Wisconsin Cav- alry with Wheeler and died in hospital. ^RED HEINEMANN, a citizen of Ap- pleton, Wis., and a veteran of the civil war, is a citizen of the United States by adoption, having been born at Heiligenstadt, Prussia, Feb. 10, 1841. He is the son of Conrad Heinemann, also a Prussian by birth, following the profession of an architect in his native country. He was one of an old family well known in the Province of Saxony, where members of his family occupied positions of trust and ranked high in various professions, as physicians, surgeons and theolo- gians. Having served his lawful term as a sol- dier in the Prussian Army, he was retired to the reserves with the rank of Captain. He married Theresia von Herwig a member of a family well known in the military history of Northern Ger- many, dying in 1 84.") in his native country. His widow with six minor children migrated to America in 1848 and settled in Chicago where the family continued to reside until 1854 when they removed to Manitowoc, Wis. It was here tlie subject of this sketch served his apprentice- ship as a druggist and apothecary. When the war came on he enlisted in Co. B, 9th Wis. Vol. Infy. Sept. 6, 1861, and was honorably dis- charged as member of tiie same Company, Dec. 4, 18(i4, having served more than his full term of three years. The 9th was a picked regiment, being exclusively recruited and compo.sed of Germans, most of whom had been thoroughly trained in service in their native land, and on leaving the State was assigned to the Dept. ot Missouri then commanded by Major General David Hunter. 230 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF On arriving at the City of Leaven wortli, Cor- j)oral Fred Heineinaun was detached from his Regiment and ordered to report for duty at Dept. Headquarters under the immediate com- mand of Major Chas. G. Halpine, A. A. GenL to Gen. Hunter, (Major Halpine is well remem- bered as one of tlie jroetsof the war by his noni de plume, Private Miles O'Reiley) as clerk Feb. 10, 1862. Promoted to the position of chief clerk, he continued in this capacity at these Headquarters commanded in turn by Gens. Denver, Sturgis and Blunt. Ilis thorough ac- quaintance with all the details of the business at Dept. Headquarters insured him the confi- dence and good will of the Generals in com- mand and he was treated as one of the staff, promptly responding to every requirement made upon him in the line of duty. In April, 1863, he was commissioned 1st Lieut. 1st Kan- sas, but continued on duty with the Dept. Head- quarters. While on the frontier in southwest- ern Arkansas Lieut. Heinemann was attacked by malaria which l)aflied all medical skill. The practice of granting leave of absence to officers being discontinued by orders of tlic War Dept. in consequence of the abuse of this jirivilege, Lieut. H. was obliged to resign his commission in or- der to get Noi-fh for relief. Arriving at St. i.,ouis he quickly regaineil his health, and loth to re- turn alone from the I'ront, asked pt'rmission of the Sec. of War to re-enter his old regiment as a private and as such serve out the unexpired term of his original enlistment. This request being cheerfully granted he was reinstated in his old company but shortly after again de- tached to take the position of ciiief clerk at the Headquarters of Brig. Gen. F. Salomon where he contiinied until mustered out. June '11, 1863, in the fight at Cabin Creek he was wounded in the right arm. He was also wounded at Mayville at Cane Hill, Arkansas, receiving two balls in the leg and a scalp wound on tlie head. Attending to his hurts personally as well as to his condition when afflicted with malaria, his name does not appear upon any hospital record but always in line and ready for duty. After his return from the war, Mr. Heine- mann had charge of a drug business at Manitowoc for several years. He afterward en- gaged in the business of a manufacturer, and various other occupations, among them that of editing and jiublishing a newspaper. He served two years and six months as General Clerk in the State Treasurer's (")ffice of Wisconsin and at Manitowoc was elected City Clerk four consecu- tive times. He served one term as Transcril)ing Clerk of the State Senate (1873-4). He is now -Justice of the Peace at Appleton. His marriage to Katie Dockhert occured Aug. 10, 1877. Their only child is named Fred D. Heinemann. Returning again to his business as a druggist he continued therein until he removed to Ap- pleton in 1885 where he is still engaged in his profession to this date (1888). OHN SINGER, Black Creek, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 116, was l)orn in Prussia Feb. 22, 1845. He accompanied his parents, John and Mary (Mark) Singer, to America in 1854 when he was nine years of age. After landing at the. port of New York, the family came to Milwau- kee and a few days later proceeded to Wayne, Wasliington Co., Wis., where the father pur- sued his two-fold business as a carpenter and farmer, and brought up his sons to the latter vocation. His son John eidisted at Wayne, Wis., Oct. 21, 18(;l,in D Company, 12tli Wi.s- consin Infantry for three years. He was pro- moted to Corjioral and, on the expiration of his period of enlistment, he veteranized at Natchez, Miss., and received veteran's furlough. He re- joined his regiment at Madison on its expira- tion and returned to the field. He received final discharge at Louisville, Ky., after a service of three years and eight months. The 12th Wisconsin was the largest regiment that had left the State, which it did Jan. 11, 1862. Two days later, it made acquaintance with some of the severest experiences of sol- diers' life — the men sleeping on the frozen ground without shelter with the mercury 20 degrees below zero, after a wearisome marcli of 22 miles. Their next experience was a journej' in open cars lasting 24 hours, deprived of fire, warm food or lights. They went from Weston, Mo., to Leavenworth and later towards Fort Scott, a distance of 160 miles. In the remain- der of the month of March and in April, they made another march of 105 miles to Fort Riley. Soon after, orders were issued for a return to Leavenworth which they reached on the 27th of May. Two days later they went to St. Louis PERSONAL RECORDS. 231 and thence to Columbus, Ky. During the suc- feeding months of June, July, August and Sep- tember the regiment made itself eonspicuous to the rebel soldiers and civilians in Soutliern Ken- tucky and Northern Tennessee, and meanwhile j)art of the command was mountt'd on liorses which were c'ontiscated. Orders were issued Oct. 1st for the regiment to proceed to the location of the l)attle (if Ilatchie where they acted as reserve and went tlienee to Bolivar, Tenn. Ndvemljer ord they started sduth and passed the month in Temiessee on varied duty of good effect. They were with (Jrant's army in the operations in that Deparnient, and pas- sed the winter in Tennessee, going in March to Memphis. The balance of the month, with April and May, was passed in capturing and entertaining rebels during Grierson's raid through Mississipj)! where their presence was not just then desired. May 18, 1863, the regi- ment went into the trenches in the siege of Vicksburg. Mr. Singer was also in the fight at Jackson, Miss., and in Ma\', 1SH4, was attached to the 8d Brigade, ;)d Division and 17th Corps, under General Leggett, preparatory to entering upon the " March to the Sea ". June 8th they joined tlie Army of tlie Tennessee and partici- jiated in the battles of Kenesaw Moinitaiu. In the siege of Atlanta, July 22, Major General McPherson, while examining into an an- ticipated movement of the rebels was surprised and mortally wounded. He fell about 30 rods from and directly in front of Mr. Singer and was taken by the advancing rebels. A severe engagement ibllowed immediately, and the body of the beloved and daring chief remained within the confederate lines for a time. This action, which is called one of the battles of Bald Hill, constituted one of the most severe of the siege or in the experience of soldiers, rapid changing from front to rear and vice versa, 1 leing the mode of action. Mr. Singer continued with his command in the trenches nearly a montii, taking part in the battle of Jonesl)oro and the succeeding actions of the first of September. In November he commenced, with the force of Sherman, the march to Savannah and was in the detail which assisted in the destruction of the Georgia Central railroad, reaching Savan- nah Dec. 10th. From there the regiment was a part of all the actions of the corps and Mr. Singer's military history is indentical with that of his comrades of the 12th. On his return to civil life he located in Wayne where he engaged in farming until 1873, the year of his removal to Black Creek. He is now section foreman on the Green Bay, Winona and St. Paul railroad. He was mar- ried March 16, 1871, to Susanna Tishhansen. The senior Singer was a soldier in Najioleon's army and was in the jirominent i^attles in which the Allies fought for eight years, among which was Leipsic and AV^aterloo. He was in the Moscow campaign and was captured. He escaped after a few days by cutting his way out witii an axe. He was one of the pioneer construction corps and when taken was wounded in his left arm with a lance. The father of Mrs. Singer was born in Schwyz, Switzerland, and was a soldier of the Republic. Matbias Singer, the brother of John, was a volunteer soldier and was taken sick at Nash- ville. He was ill three years and died in Calumet Co., Wis. His wife died earlier and their four orphan children are without a pension. AMES N. STOWE, of Friendship, Adams Co., Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 65, at Westfield, Wis., was born October 31, 1840, in Grafton, Mass. His father, Sumner E. Stowe, was born in Grafton in 1813 and married Nancy L. Fay, who was born in 1818 at Hopkinton, Mass. The family re- moved in 1851, to Moreau, Saratoga Co., New York and thence to Fort Edward on the Hud- son, in 1855", they removed to Argyle in Washington county, New York in 1860. Mr. Stowe enlisted at Argyle, New York, August 18, 1862, in Company F, 123rd New York Infantry for three years. The regiment was organized at Salem, New York with Colo- nel A. L. McDougall, commanding. The regi- ments received military instruction at that place for several weeks and went thence into camp at Capitol Hill at Washington and, after a few weeks to Arlington Heights. The next move was to Pleasant Valley near Harper's Ferry and, afterwards they went to Loudon, Va., and were ordered to Fredericks- burg, where battle was impending, but the heavy rains impeded their progress and they camped at Fairfax C. H. A month later the regiment went to Stafford C. H., and remained Aj)ril, 1862, when orders were received to unti 232 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF move to make connection with the command wliich was ready for battle at Chancellorsville, and tliey arrived on the battle field on the night of April 30th and moved to position in line of battle on the morning of Friday, May 1st. Tlie regiment belonged to the 1st Bri- gade, 1st Division, 12th Army Corps and on that day occupied a position on the right of the Federal army. After the three days fight, the command fell back across the Rap}>ahannock to Stafford G. H., where they remained until the Army of Virginia broke camp for the Gettysburg campaign. The 123rd New York arrived on the battlefield July l.st and Mr. Stowe was in the three days fighting, (^n the morning of the 4th, the 12th Corps marched thi-ough the city and drove out the rear guard of the rebel army ; the brigade was the first division of infantry that moved into the city of (rettysburg and they followed Lee into ^^irginia, engaging on the second day in a skirmish. Lee moved his troops across the Potomac and the 123rd crossed the same river below Harper's Ferry and followed on to Catlett's Station, wliere they went into camp about July 18th. A few weeks after, the 11th and 12th Corps were consolidated, reconstructed as the 2Uth Ai'my Corjis under Major-( ieneral Hooker, and was ordered to Tennessee lo join the Army of the Cumberland. Mr. Stowe was first in camp, after joining the Army of the Cumberland, at Tantelon's Station and, a week later, went to Stevenson, Ala., after two weeks, going back to Elk River Bridge where he was in a skirmish with Quan- trell's guerrillas. They removed thence to Bridgejiort, Ala , where a detail, including him- self, was stationed to guard the construction of a railroad briilge and the regiment remained there in winter quarters until the organization of Sherman's army in the spring of 1864. He was connected with the Army of the Cumber- land in the battles of the Atlanta campaign and fought at Tunnell Hill, AUatoona Pass, Pumpkin Vine (!reek, Kenesaw Mountain, Resaca and Peach Tree Creek, where he was wounded Jul}^ 20, 1804. Hooker directed the division of Williams to cross Peach Tree Creek on the pontoon bridge and the lotli and 17th Corps were ordered to follow to their sup])ort. When about a mile and a half from tlieni, the two corps halted and threw out skirmish lines to the right and left and, the rebels seeing the situation of the 20th Corps, formed their lines in the shape of a horseshoe and swept down uj^on them with in- fantry and artillery fire. General Hooker was on the extreme right and dismounted. He saw the situation, sprang to his hor.-ie and shouted "give them h — 1 boys ; you shall have help in a few minutes." The charge lasted about 20 minutes and resulted in the repulse of the rebels, the 20th being reinforced. Mr. Stowe was wounded in bis right hand and right breast in the .second part of the action. He crept back to a small log house, fainted and was picked up by a comrade named William Brady; he remained two days and nights in the Held hospital and was removed to Chatta- nooga where he remained until Hood returned to Nashville, when he went to the hospital at that place and successively, to Louisville, Ky., and Jeffersonville, Lid. There he was fur- loughed and, on his route homeward, was in the hospital in the cit)' of Rochester a week. He arrived at Fort Edward in time to vote for President Lincoln. At the end of 19 days, he was taken sick and went to New York where he entered Central Park hospital, remaining until discharged. .January 20Lh. He lost two fingers of his right hand and the use of his wrist from the wound received in the l)attle of Peach Tree Creek. Mr. Stowe was married at Fort lOdward, De- cember 2, 1858, to Sarah A. Morris. She died September 26,Jls06, leaving a daughter named Helen M. Mr. Stowe was married July 3, 18G9, to Eleanor King and they had three children — Jessie E., Vernon and Pearly J. Mr. Stowe was again married Jan. 8, 1887, at Friendship, Wis., to Abbie Lf>,pliam and their daughter is named Serena I. •-i»!^ -^»^^^ltf5«^-K^i^-H• :?--i>t^*^^.^«^*■«5.^-^ OB B. VAUGHN, of Wausau, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 55, was born April 9, 1842, in Queensbury, War- ren Co., New York. His father, Wm. M. Vaughn, was born in the State of New York and married Betsy Bendelstone, a native of the Empire State, both being descended from fami- lies belonging to the early period of the settle- ment of the country. All the generations liv- ing at that period were represented in the War of the Revolution. When the Civil War broke out Mr. Vaughn was still almost a child but he determined to investigate the business of war for himself and he went in May, 1861, to Glens Falls and enlisted in the 118th New York In- fantry. As he had not fulfilled his minority his father interfered with his plans Init he ran away soon after and went to Utica, N. Y., where he enlisted in the 2nd New York Light Artil- lery, and went with the command into camp at Staten Island. Mr. Vaughn went into the hos- pital as soon as he arrived at Washington and thence back to the hospital at Staten Island. He had been injured by being thrown from his horse and was compelled to go on crutches and was discharged in October, 1861. Aug. 22, 1862, he enlisted in Company D, 123rd New York Infantry for three years and was dis- charged June 8, 1865, at Washington under General Order. The regiment joined the forces of Colonel Miles at Harper's Ferry where Mr. Vaughn was made a Corporal previous to the sur- render and, later, received a commission signed by Lieut. -Colonel James C. Rogers, as Sergeant, dated Oct. 3, 1864, to rank from July 1st, and received his discharge as such. He was twice wounded. At Chancellorsville he was shot in the left thigh and at Burnt Hickory, Ga., he was injured on the right knee-pan. Neither was disabling, and he continued to remain with the regiment, acting for two years as Color Ser- Personal records. 23? geant. After the disaster at Harper's Ferry, the 123rd New York was assigned to the Army of the Potomac and Mr. Vauglin was in the fights at South Mountain, Antietara, Freder- icksburg, Ghancehorsville, and Gettysl)urg. After the last batt.e he was attacked with chronic diarhea and was in the Fairfax Semin- ary hospital four weeks, when he rejoined his command and this was the only instance in which he wasabsent from his company. When the reorganization of the army took place the 123rd was assigned to the 20th Corps and went to Chattanooga. He was in the fights at Resaca, Buzzard Roost, Tunnel Hill, at Rocky Face, Dallas, Peach Tree Creek and in the siege of Atlanta, and at Averys- boro and Bentonville, marching with Sherman to the sea. Among the incidents mentioned in his experience was detailed service in the Army of the Potomac, when himself and two others spent a week in the suppression of the sharp- shooter who was constantly annoj'ing the pickets. His brother, Carmi B. Vaughn, was an enlisted man in a Montana regiment. This brother had been in the West some time, going on the overland route to Colorado and thence to Montana. Mr. Vaughn accompanied him to Colorado, where he prospected for a time and returned to Wisconsin. He engaged as a clerk at Wau- paca in the interests of Frink tt Walker (stage- line proprietors) ibr 18 months, and was next in the employ of the Minnesota Stage Com- pany, six years, driving through the northwest, down tlirough the Red River country, and run- ning on a dog-train as a special messenger from Fort Abercrombie to Fort Geary in Brit- tish Columbia, before the construction of the Northern Pacific railway. This w'as a life of danger and hardship. He came in 1868 to Stevens' Point and took a position as clerk in the old Kalloch Hotel for one year, when he went to Negaunee, Mich., on the upper Penin- sula in October, remaining one year. He then went to Green Bay in the same capacity, in a hotel, and thence to Fort Howard and assumed charge of the Millard House. In the winter following, he went to Waupaca and thence to Wausau in 1872, engaging in the saloon and restaurant business. In the fall of 1875 he went to Montana to attend to the adjustment of his brother's business and in the summer of 1877 he went to Helena, Montana. He returned to Wausau and has since conducted the same bus- iness as before. He was married Aug. 31, 1873, to Mary Marble at Fort Howard. Three children have been added to the family — Nelly lone, Bentley J. and Bessie May. Two were lost in infancy — Burleigh May and William M. Mrs Vaughn was born in Oneida county, New York, and her family was originally from Vermont. She had a brother, James C. Marble, in the service, who was wounded and is a resident in Iowa. She is the daughter of James H. Marble, and her mother, Eunice Perkins before marriage, was from New York and her ancestors were from Vermont. ENJAMIN B. JONES, Marinette, Wis., member of Post No. 207, was born Aug. 15, 1822, in Russell ville, Teun. He IS the son of Bob and Nancy Jones, who were both born in the same State, and were born and reared and gave existence to their children in slavery. In 1848 the mother and her twelve children were taken to Kentucky to remain three years until the ter- mination of a lawsuit, which was to determine their proper ownership. She and her children were next taken to Missouri where the worn and sorrowful woman sleeps in a final rest. Her children left her to fly for freedom in 1860. Two of her sons live at Marinette, who are all of the family whose whereabouts are known. Mr. Jones came North to Michigan after pass- ing over the Underground Railroad from Men- don in Missouri, two lirothers being there with him of whom he has lost all traces. He sup- poses they were sold into bondage, as it was the habit of desperadoes in the South to beguile the colored people into saloons, and after making them drunk to sell them to the negro traders for several hundred dollars each. This was done in (^uincy, 111., as there was opportunity to make money without fear of penalty of the law — it made no difference whether a l)lack man was bond or free; he was as good an article of merchandise whatever his condition, as he had no redress at the hands of the whites. Mr. Jones settled in the city of Detroit and, in the first year of the war was one of the col- ored people who were mobbed by an excited crowd of fanatics from Windsor, who had been 238 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF persuaded that the influx of colored laborers from the South would destroy the chauces of the white laboring class. In November, 1862, he enlisted in ('orapanj' E, 102nd Micliigan In- fantry, enrolling at Grand Haven, whither he had gone after tlie riot. He received honorable discharge at Detroit in ISlio, after the close of the war. Mr. .lones was 42 3'ears old when he enlisted, and he accompanied the regiment to Maryland, whence the command went to Hil- ton Head, S. C, thence to Savannah and Atlanta, from there to Beaufort Island and performed garrison duty at Port Royal Ferry. He was next sent to John's Island, N. C. and fought at Honey Hill, (Nov. 24, 1864). He was in action at De'veaux Neck, (Dec. 6th to 9th, 1864) at Pocotaligo, S. C, (January, 1865), thence went to Tallaliatchie, Fla., to Magnolia and Jackson- ville, S. C, back to Beaufort Island, to Fenton- ville, to Columbia, S. C, to Waynesboro in the same State and, several days later, went to Charleston on garrison duty where the regiment was stationed when the war ended. They came thence to Detroit and were mustei'ed out Nov. 29, 1865. In the battle of Honey Hill the re- giment was terribly cut to pieces, and the horses of the artillery were taken to the rear. In unlimbering in the heat of action, Mr. Jones was injured by a blow, causing a serious liernia. In the fight at Pocotaligo the regiment was again fearluUy decimated, the men being torn to fragments by the fire of grape and cannister to which the} were subjected, and the uniden- tified bodies were shoveled into trenches dug for the purpose. In the action at Fentonviile, the shot cut the limbs from the trees and slaughtered the soldiers, falling among them as though it had been hail. The scene was made more awful by the screams of women and chil- dren whicli added to the courage and inspira- tion with which the men fought. Mr. Jones was married July 15, 1888, to Emma Norton, who was born in Canada, and had for sometime been a resident of Ludington, Mich. He has been a resident of Marinette since 1885. ODNEY D. MALLORY, a farmer on section 13, Westfield township, Mar- quette county, Wis., was born at Springfield, Erie Co., Penn., Sept. 7, He is the son of Andrew and Margaret 1832. (Cowan) Mallory. His father was an enlisted man in 1812, and served as wagon master with the rank of major in the New York militia. Mr. Mallory, the son, grew up in his native State and removed in 1859 to Adams county. Wis., removing thence to Marquette county in 1874. He learned the trade of a harness maker at which he worked eight years. That employment not agreeing with him, he engaged in farming on account of ill health and has since been engaged successfully in agriculture, owning a farm of 150 acres. Jan. 11, 1862, he enlisted in Company D, 19th Wisconsin Infantry at Lincoln for three years ; was promoted in April, 1862, to Cor- poral and in January, 1863, was promoted to 5th Sergeant and received honorable discharge April 29, 1865, at Madison, his term of service having expired. The regiment was in rendez- vous at Racine and afterwards went to Camp Randall, Madison, where the command was employed several mouths in guarding the rebels captured at Fort Donelson and Island No. 10 and Mr. Mallory performed guard duty at that place until the prisoners were sent to Chicago. He went with his regiment in June to join the Army of the Potomac and then to Norfolk, where he performed provost duty until the spring of 1863. April 11th, he was with the detachment that moved to the rifle pits at the head of tide water and was occupied in that duty when the regiment was ordered to the siege of Suffolk. He went next to West Point and thence back to Yorktown, where he was taken sick with fever and was sent to the hospital at Hampton, remaining from August, 1863, until October, 1863, when he joined tlie regiment at Newbern, N. C. He performed military duty in North Carolina and in February was in the attack on Newbern. In the spring, while on picket duty he was expose«i-;>t>^^«^5tf^t^-i>t>^^>*^■>-■S>t^^^•^^^^-^<^'£-^ AMES W. KNAPP, of Wood Township, Wood Co., Wis., and formerly a soldier of the civil war, was born Nov. 17, 1844, in Canada, Province of Ontario. He is the son of Nelson and Martha (Edmonds) Knapp, and his grandfathers Knapp and Ed- monds were soldiers of the war of the Revolu- tion. His grandmother Edmonds was in a location which was visited by the marauders of the British army and her house was burned while her husband was in the Continental army. In 1858 Mr. Knapp removed from the Dominion to the United States and located in Juneau county. Wis. From there he removed to his present location on sections 28 and 32, PERSONAL RECORDS. 245 Town 23, North, Range 3, East. In addition to the calling of a farmer he has operated as a surveyor. He enlisted .July 16, 1861, in Company K, 6th Wi.sconsin Infantry for three years at Mansion in Juneau county. In 1864 he was promoted to Corporal and received honorable discharge July 14, 1865, at Jeffersonville, Ind. Mr. Knapp was a member of the " Iron Brig- ade " and was connected with its history from first to last. He saw all its varied service and brouglit home the scars of a veteran. He was a participant in the earlier skirmishes and the battle of Bull Run. He afterwards inscribed on his roll of honor tiie names of Gainesville, Manassas, South Mountain, Antietam, Freder- icksburg, Fitzhugh's Crossing, Marye's Heights, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Mine Run, Wil- derness, Laurel Hill, Spotsylvania, North Anna, Cold Harbor, Petersburg, Weldon Railroad, Hatcher's Run, (1st and 2nd) Gravelly Run, Five Forks and Appomattox. Mr. Knapp re- ceived a wound at Cold Harbor and was taken to the field hospital at White House Landing. He was sick after Appomattox and passed a short time in the hospital on one occasion. He was married July 11th, 1869, to Bernice Smith. Their children surviving are named Percy, Guy Delos, Martha, Rut) i, Pearl, Thomas William, Ella, Grace and Anna. One is de- ceased. Three brothers-in-law of Mr. Knapp were soldiers in the civil war. He has officiated as Assessor of Wood Township two terms and as Supervisor for the same length of time. He is also a member of G. A. R. Post No. 73, J. S. Alban at Pittsville. OODMAN AMANDSON, a resident ^ of lola. Wis., belonging to G. A. R. Post No. 99, was born in Norway, December 22, 1833. His parents, . Amand and Betsey (Goodmanson) Oleson, came to America in 1849, and came directly to Wis- consin, locating in Waukesha county in 1852 ; the son located in Waupaca county and was a resident of the town of Scandinavia until he became a soldier and where he engaged in the business of a blacksmith. He enlisted August 12, 1862, in Company G, 21st Wisconsin Infantry at Waupaca for three years. He accompanied the regiment from Wisconsin to the front, and the command after leaving Louisville, went to the interior of Ken- tucky, where Mr. Amandson was ill Irom his re- cent exposure and before the battle went to the rear with the wagon train. He was after- wards in all the exposure preceding the battle of Stone River, and was with his command when attacked by the cavalry under Wheeler. He remained at Murfreesboro until June and was in the skirmish at Hoover's Gap, after- wards chasing the rebels to the Tennessee River. He was in the action at Dug Gap and after- wards in the battle of Chickamauga, and he passed the winter on Lookout Mountain. He went with the command in the spring to the Atlanta campaign and was in the battle at Re.saca. He was in the action at Big Shanty, Kenesaw Mountain and Marietta, and fought at Peach Tree Creek and, August 8th, in the siege of Atlanta, received a wound in the breast. He was disabled only a few days and rejoined his command, which he accompanied in the march to the sea and participated in all the va- ried service which characterized that movement. He was in the various skirmishes at Savannah and near the sea, in which his regiment was engaged, and fought in the last battle of Ben- tonville. He went afterwards to the Grand Re- view at Washington and was sent to Milwau- kee, where he was discharged June 18, 1865. He returned after the war to Waupaca county and has since been a resident of Portage and Winnebago counties. In 1885 he located at Iola,where he is engaged in blacksmithing. He was married Nov. 4, 1869, to Christiana Her- mannson, of Scandniavia, and their children are named Augusta C, Agnes E., Hilda G., Hermina B., Lillian R., Edna and Henrietta G. The latter died Oct. 6, 1886. RAINARD TAYLOR WORTHING- TON, Ccntralia, Wis., and belonging to G. A. R. Post No. 22, was born Jan. 23, 1838, in Peru, Berkshire Co., Massachusetts. He is the son of David and Mary (Cushman) Worthington, Ijoth of whom were born in the old Bay State. Both were representatives of Massachusetts families who were prominent in the early history of the State. The son was 14 years old when he be- came a resident of Centralia, whither he Came 246 SOLDIERS ALBUM OF with his broUier, Ralph Cushraan Worthington. He had been previously a student in the com- mon schools and at Hinsdale Academy in his native county, and after arrival in Wisconsin, he again attended school at Centralia. After a winter passed in study, he obtained an oppor- tunity to learn the business of a carpenter and joiner, in which trade he was occupied until he enlisted. May 18, 1861, he enrolled in Com- pany D, oth Wisconsin Infantry, at Centralia, for three vears. He received honorable dis- charge July 25, 1864, at Baltimore, Md. The regiment was in rendezvous at Camp Randall, Madison, and Mr. Worthington went to Balti- more to camp. The organization was assigned to the l)rigade of Gen. Rufus King of Wiscon- sin (see sketch) and, a few months later, was re- assigned to the command of General Hancock. He was in the skirmish at Young's Point and in the charge at Lee's Mills. He was in the pur- suit of the rebels to Williamsburg, and took part in the only battle in which McClellan recognized, as did Napoleon, the services of a particular regiment. (See sketch of John Ley- kom.) Up to five in the afternoon of May 5, 1862, Hooker had been engaged with Magruder in the fort of that name and at the hour men- tioned, the rebel force came down upon the brigade of Hancock in reserve. Companies D and I were on the skirmish line and were ordered in by the commander. The brigade made a charge and drove the rebels, which ter- minated the action at Williamsburg. On tlie skirmish line Mr. Worthington was woun- ded ]:)y a round musket ball. (The old fash- ioned cartridge of the Revolution — consisting of a round ball and three buck-shot.) This missile remained in his left thigh 25 years. In the spring of 188") it was cut out, without bene- fiting him, however, as it had been there too long and his entire nervous system is perma- nently affected, the sciatic nerve being diseased. He was sent from the field hospital to Fortress Monroe, where he remained a week, and thence to Camden Street hospital at Baltimore, where he remained until he received his final dis- charge. He returned to Centralia and, soon after, went to the oil regions of Pennsylvania and engaged in drilling wells for a time, and, returning to Grand Rapids in the spring of 1878, he went to Colorado and remained two years, returning in the spring of 1880 to Cen- tralia, proceeding later in the same season to Fargo, Dak., and came back to Wisconsin in the following fall. He repeated the trip the following year in the same manner and then located permanently at Centralia and is jnirsu- ing his liusiness as a builder in which be has been prominent in Grand Rapids and Centra- lia. He is the Commander of Post 22 and has held the positions of Officer of the Day and Sen- ior Yice-Commander. He was Aid on the Staff of General Lucius Fairchild, Grand Comman- der of the Department of Wisconsin in 1887. He has served as Under-Sheriff of Wood county one year. He was married to Mary E. White of (lien's Falls, Warren Co., New York, Dec. 14, 1868; they have buried a son, Henry Cush- man, who died at Colorado Springs of conges- tion, aged ten and a half years, and was brought to Grand Rapids for interment. ARREN W. GOFF, M. D.,a prom- inent physician at Stevens Point, Wis , and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 156, was born Oct. 28, 1827, in Towanda, Bradford Co., Pa., and is the son of William land Ellen (Fox) Goff. The father was of English lineage and his ancestors were settlers of Connecticut. He removed to Brad- ford county in an early period of its history and afterwards to Canton. He spent his life in agrit'ultural pursuits, and died when about 85 years old. Pliillip Fox, the maternal grand- father of Dr. Goff, was the first white settler in Bradford county, and bought his first acreage of the Indians at a place which was known after- wards as Fox Flats, where his daughter Ellen was born, and she was married to Mr. Goff in the same county. They became the parents of eight children named Christiana F., William M., Harry G., James, Hiram M., George J. and Warren W. Dr. Goff is the youngest, and be- sides him there are but two survivors — the two brothers who are his immediate seniors in birth and who are still residents in their native coun- ty of Bradford. Dr. Goff was a pupil in the common schools in his early life, and when he reached the age of manhood and made choice of a professional life, he went to Philadelphia and studied medicine in the most prominent medical educational insti- tution in the country, and was graduated from it after he had fiilfilled his duty as a patriotic citizen in the rebellion. August 8, PERSONAL RECORDS. i: 47 1862, lie enlisted in Company C, 141st Pennsyl- vania Infantry at Monroeton, in his native county. The regiment was organized at Har- risburg and moved thence to Washington, and was iissigned to the Array of Virginia, and Dr. Goff tirst encountered the exigencies of civil war on the field of Manassas in the second bat- tle of Bull Run. The regiment returned to Ar- lington Heights and during the fight at Antie- tam in October, was stationed to guard the road leading from Harper's Ferry, and after that ac- tion went til Falmouth, reaching that place No- vember I9th. He was in the aciion at Freder- icksburg and afterwards remained at Falmouth until the spring of 1863, and when Lee com- menced his invasion the regiment was ordered to Gettysburg where it arrived on the first day of the fight, and went into action on the 2nd day of July. During tliat day a series of batteries were captured by the rebels, and they were re- taken by the 141st Pennsylvania, the guns being brought off the field by hand. Later in the day. Dr. Golf received an explosive ball in the right thigli and, after remaining a few days in the field hospital, was conveyed with other wounded to Baltimore, where the ball was ex- tracted August 13th, by Surgeon Freeman of Washington. After he became convalescent, and during the attempted raid on Washington, he went witli a detachment of eonvak'scent sol- diers to meet and repulse advancing rel)els, and afterwards went to Chestnut Hill hospital, his wound, having been greatly aggravated by the enforced use of the limb. A short time afterwards he went to the General Auger hospital, not far from Alexandria, and soon after obtained permission to rejoin his companj% where a commission as Lieu- tenant awaited him. He was examined by the regimental surgeon and remanded to the to the hospital at Alexandria, where he ofi&ciated as a division officer and remained until he re- ceived his discharge July 14, 1865. He re- turned to his former home, and a short time afterwards resumed his medical studies at Phila- delphia and was graduated in 1868, from Hahh- namann Medical College. He came to Wiscon- sin and located at Marinette, and established his business as a medical practitioner and pur- sued his avocation there five years. He re- moved thence to Green Bay where he was en- gaged in practice until his removal to Stevens Point in 1864. On his arrival at that place he entered upon his business as a physician, and his skill in medicine, combined with his char- acter as a man, has established his reputation in both respects beyond cavil. Dr. Goff was married to Roxy, daughter of Sylvester and Peggy (Boyse) White. Mrs. Gotf was born in Tompkins county. New York, Augu.st 3, 1830. Her fsither was of Scotch de- scent and was a deacon of the Baptist Church 60 years before his death. He died at 98 in Coloma where he came to reside with his son after the death of his wife. Dr. and Mrs. Gott" have two daughters. Mrs. Ida May Pipe has two children — Mabel E. and Warren VV. Gracie L. was born in Green Bay. She is a student at school, and both daughters live with their parents. It is not necessary for the biographer to add an elaborate qualification of the character of Dr. Goff. He is a man, of whom a straightfor- ward account of his career in peace and rebell- ion, suffices as a testimonial of the highest character. APTAIN JOSEPH H. MARSTON, a resident of Appleton, Wis., was born in Rockingham Co., New Hampshire, June 1st, I82y. In 1843 he came to Wisconsin with his parents. He was one of the first to enlist for the war and on the 10th day of May, 1861, he was commissioned 2nd Lieu- tenant of Company E, 6th Wisconsin Infantry. Sep. 18tli following he was commissioned 1st Lieutenant of the same company and on the same date in 1862 he was commissioned Captain ot Company E. March 19, 1864, he was dis- charged at Culpepper, Va., on account of disa- bility. His service was with the Army of the Potomac, his regiment being assigned to the command of (General McDowell and was at Fred- ericks!:)urg, \'a., during the summer of 1861 or through the Peninsular campaign, and he was not in any action of note until August, 1862. He was a participant in the battles of Cedar Mountain and Rappahannock Station in Pope's Retreat. He fought at South Mountain Sep. 14, at Antietam Sep. 16th and 17th with the command of General McClellan and was in the action at Fitz Hugh's Crossing, April 29th, 1853. May 3rd and 4th he was with the command of Hooker at Chancellorsville and he was in the subsequent movements in the transfer of the 248 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF Army of the Potomac while Lee was pushing toward Pennsylvania. The last battle in which Captain Marston participated was Gettysburg. July 1st, 1S()3, the 6th Wisconsin formed a part of that celebrated command known after tlie batr tie of South Mountain as the "Iron Brigade of the West," having been so named by General McClellan. At the battle of South Mountain, Captain Mar- ston was wounded in the head by a spent ball and was reported in the Chicago papers as killed. Hon. P. H. Smith, \'ice-Prcs., C. & N. W. R. R., sent the following telegram: "Chicago, Sep. 20, 1862, Col. Lucius Fairchild, care Gen. McClel- lan. Have the body of Lieut. J. H. Marston of the 6th Wisconsin Regt. put in metallic case and forwarded by American Express to me at Chi- cago. Charges collect here. P. H. Smith." (A copy of the original despatch was shown the editor.) At the battle of Antietam, Captain Mar- ston was wounded by a gun shot wound in the left leg. At the battle of Gettysburg, his ankle was badly sprained by the bursting of a shell that exploded in the ground near him. He was a prisoner in the rebel lines from the night of July 1st until the morning of the 4th, when he made his escape and came into the Union lines. During the same battle the (itli Wisconsin was detached from the brigade at the request of Gen- eral Custer, to prevent a Hank attack on his force. The 6th moved to the right ol)lique across a field where they encountered the 2nd Mississippi Regiment, and without support on either side, they fought for about an hour for the right to the field and the flag. Suddenly, as though tlie ground had opened to receive them the 2nd Mi.ssissippi occupied a railroad cut running parallel with their line and from its shelter, they poured their volleys into the ranks of the 6th, which, under orders from the Captain commanding. Collars, charged and the Missis- sippi regiment was ours, not a man escaping. About 400 men were engaged on eacli side and the 6th lost about 225 in killed and wounded. The 2nd Mississippi lost 231, killed and wounded. (It is thought that history nowhere gives an account of a similar engagement in which two regiments met and without support, fought until one surrendered to the other.) Captain Marston is the senior member of the firm of Marston & Beveridge at Appleton, and his two sons are also his business associates. He has been twice Mayor of his city and is a prominent Grand Army man. He was one of the Board of incorporators of the Wisconson Yei- eran's Home at Waupaca and is at present (1888) President of the Board of Directors of that in- stitution. He is Grand Receiver of the Ancient Order of United Workmen for the State ol' Wis- consin, an office of trust which lie has held for years, during which time he has disbursed an- nually upwards of $100,000 belonging to the Order. In political affiliation Captain Marston may be said to be independent. He left the Rejiub- lican party to support his favorite candidate. General McClellan, for President and also the man whom he considers the hero of Gettysburg, Winfield Scott Hancock. At this writing, Oc- tober, 1888, he is a condidate for Presidential Elector from the 6tli Congressional District on the Democratic ticket. "The foregoing statements I have carefully examined and so far as they relate to my record they are correct. (Signed) J. H. Marston. •.^»t>-.>t^^^'<5«f-.«^itf-» LI\'ER H. WAITE, Friendship, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No- 122, was born Jan. :!, 1828, at .Iohn.s- town, Fulton Co., New York, and is the son of Daniel and Eliza (Eddy) Waite, who were both born in Johnstown respectively, April 27, 1802, and April 28, 1812. They were the parents of 1 1 children and in 1837 removed to Ashtabula county, Ohio; when in advanced life they returned to the place of their nativity where their respective deaths occurred Feb. 15, 1887 and Dec. 15, 1887. The grandfather, Oliver Waite, was a soldier in the war of 1812. Mr. Waite went with his parents when he was nine years old to Ohio, where he grew to manhood and, in 1854, he removed to Friend- ship, Wis., where he was engaged in business until the first vear of the war and he enlisted there Sept. 28ri861, in Company C, 16th Wis- consin Infantry. Immediately on assuming the obligations of a soldier, he went to Camp Randall at Madison and engaged in drill until March 13, 1862, when he left the State with the regiment and made connection with the command of General Mc Arthur at Pittsburg Landing. He was in the division of General Prentiss and was in the opening of the fight on Sunday morning, April 6th, at Pittsburg Land- PERSONAL RECORDS. 249 ing and was wounded in the right leg. He was among the captured and was taken by the rebels to the prison at Oldfield, five miles from Sliiloh and thcwice with the rebels to Corinth ; three weeks later he went to Columbus, Miss., where he was paroled and returned to his com- pany which was in the investment of Corinth and he went home on parole. Three weeks later, he received orders to report at Madison and was assigned to Camp Randall where he remained three weeks and proceeded thence to Keokuk, Iowa. A month later, he went to St. Louis, where he was exchanged and joined his com- mand at Grand .Junction, Miss. After taking part in the expedition which was terminated by the disaster at Holly Springs, he was en- gaged in military duty until Feliruary, when he went to Lake Providence and was occupied in labor on the canal and ia several skirmishes and went to winter quarters at Red Bone Church. In March, 1804, he vi'teranized and went home on veteran furlough, rejoining his command, whose organization had been com- pleted, and went thence to Cairo, where orders were received for movement to Clifton, Tenn., and they were assigned to the army of Sher- man which was at Ack worth, Ga., and Mr. Waite was in the actions at Kene^aw Mountain, in- cluding the skirmish and occupation of Brush Mountain and at Bald Hill, where there was a raging Ijattle. He was in the siege of Atlanta and in the destruction of the railroad to Jones- boro, where he was again in action and also at Lovejoy, after fighting July 21st and 22nd at Atlanta. After a short time for recruiting at Atlanta, the regiment moved with Sherman on the march to the sea and Mr. Waite was in all the actions and varied service of the 34 days' tramp and arrived at Savannah December 24, 1864. He went on the march through South Carolina and participated in the .several severe skirmishes, assisting in the burning of Colum- bia, S. C. They moved to North Carolina and, on the 19th of March, were in line of battle at Bentonville and Mr. Waite was in the .several days' fight which was the last heavy action be- fore the surrender of Johnston. The regiment moved afterwards to Goldsboro, where intelli- gence of the surrender of Lee was received and a movement was made to Raleigh ; the capitu- lation of Johnston was consumated April 26, 1865, and the regiment marched to Washing- ton and, after participation in the Grand Re- view, was mustered out at Louisville, Ky., July 12, 1865. Mr. Waite returned to Friendship where he has since resided. He was married September 20, 1849, in Ohio to Cordelia Betts and their children — Mary, Philinda, George, Anna, Ad- die and Clara — are all living. The mother died December 22, 1874, and Mr. Waite was again married to Jane Courter Jan. 22, 1879 ; they have one child named Willard S. Washing- ton Waite, brother of Mr. Waite, served through the war in a New York regiment. *-^t» -J»t>^^<5!^ -J>t^;^^^«5*^<«5c^ ^^^x^ ILAS PIERCE, Black Creek, Wis., and ^ a member of G. A. R. Post No. 116, was born in Middleboro, Plymouth Co., Mass., May 24, 1846. Mr. Pierce belongs by descent and inherit- ance to the stock upon which the fortunes of the Republic were founded and by which they have been sustained. His grandfather was in the war of the Revolution and in that of 1812, and his father was a soldier of the Civil War. The latter enlisted in the 8th Wisconsin Infan- try and was compelled to leave the service from an injury to his spine. He enlisted afterwards in the 4tli Wisconsin Cavalry. He was in the 9th New England Regiment, United States In- fantry and served in the Mexican War. He was a native of Plymouth county, Mass., and grandfather, father, and son were born in the same house. In 1856 they came to AVisconsin, locating in Sheboygan county. Previous to that they went to Michigan, and Mr. Pierce en- listed at Grand Haven in B Company, Deland's sharp shooters. He enrolled March 17, 1863, and was discharged with honor July 28, 1865, at Delany House, D. C. The service performed by the class of soldiers to which Mr. Pierce be- longs cannot be wholly outlined in an account like this. Constantly in danger of the most direct character and at a time when every faculty was required to accomplish his own special purpose, the value of the sharpshooter to the general service cannot be estimated. The skirmish service which Mr. Pierce per- formed included many fields which are not recorded in any report or history of the war and for full justice, extended personal accounts (which it is hoped will be published) must be made. He was in the action at Spot- sylvania C. H., Cold Harbor, Bethesda Church, North Anna River, Siege of Petersburg and Poplar Spring Grove Church. June 17, 1863, he was shot in the neck in front of Petersburg during a rebel charge. He was sent to the hospital at Mt. Pleasant, D. C, where he re- mained under treatment until August loth. Rejoining the Army of the Potomac, he was again wounded at Poplar Spring Grove Church Sept. 30, 1863, a rifle ball hitting him above the left eye. One of his reminiscences is that his command crossed Long Bridge at Washing- ton May 5, 1864, with 95U men. On the morn- ing of June 18, 1864, 50 men responded to their names at roll call. There was not among them a single commissioned officer. May 24, 1S<)7, Mr. Pierce was married to Miss Annie D. Stannard at Shiocton, Outagamie Co., Wis., and they have had nine children. John E., Hannah A., Ezra S., Horace A. and Mary are living. Frank H., Matilda A., Thomas and an infant unnamed are deceased. From the date of leaving the army until 1880, Mr. Pierce was a resident of Shiocton. He then removed to Oconto and, five years later, he settled at Black Creek. The parents of Mrs. Pierce were born in the State of New York and her father was a farmer in Cazenovia. -^!^-^?t^^^<5«f-^<^5<^ ETER HOGAN of Clintonville, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 32, -2X- was born June 22, 1834, in New Castle, Northumberland Co., N. B. He is the son of William and Margaret (Henche) Hogan, and was twenty-five years old, when, in 1859, he removed from his birth-place to Portland, Me. In October, 1861, he enlisted at Portland in Company F, 12th Maine Volunteer Infantry for three years. His regiment was sent to the forces in Vn-ginia and assigned to the com- mand of Butler, which went to Ship Island and the capture of New Orleans and, afterwards, with a Massachusetts and Connecticut regiment, in the action of Ponchatoula, La., in Septem- ber, 1862, and was attached to the forces of General Banks during the preparation for the possession of Vicksburg. In the spring of 1863 he was in the fights at Port Hudson, Ber- wick City and Bay and at Irish Bend. In Jan- ury, 18G4, he received honorable discharge to enable him to veteranize, which formality took place at Berryville. After furlough the reor- ganized command was assigned to the Depart- ment of the Shenandoah, and Mr. Hogan fought at Fisher's Hill and Winchester, Va. Nov. 19, 1864, he was captured at Cedar Creek and taken by the rebels to Chestnut Hill and placed in prison, from which he escaped the PERSONAL RECORDS. 253 same night. He was wounded in the actiou at Middleton and, on escaping, was sent to Pat- terson Barracks in Baltimore, Md. On partial recovery he was sent to the convalescent camp at Washington, aud remained there from .hm- uary, 1865, to the next month when he re- joined his regiment, and was finally discharged at Savannah, Ga., April 16, 1865. In 1866 he removed to Oshkosh, Wis., and six years after to Clintonville. By occupation he is a farmer and is in prosperous circum- stances. May 23, 1875, he was married to Mary Cos- tello of Ohio, and their surviving children are named Arthur .J., William M., Mary A., Mar- garet J. and .Johanna. Rosa died Oct. 7. 1882. -.^t^-J^t^;^^"! HARLES BEATTIE of Antigo, Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 78, was born Dec. 15, 1843, in Canada. His father and mother, Robert and Eliza- beth (Frazier) Beattie were born respectively, in County Mayo, Ireland, and in Ediuboro, Scot- land. Mr. Beattie went to Depere, Wis., where he enlisted, before he was 18 in L'ompany F, 14th Wisconsin Infantry for three years. He was made Corporal on the formation of the company and later advanced to Duty Sergeant and Dec. 18, 1861 was made Color Sergeant, officiating in that capacity until May, 1863, when he returned to his company preparatory to receiving his commission as First Lieutenant and was mustered out as such Oct. 10, 1865. Mr. Beattie was in the hght at Pittsliurg Landing April 7, 1862 and at Corinth iVom Oct. 3rd to 6th in the same year. He fought at Mcksburg May 18th and 22nd, 1863 and on the last day was wounded in his left hand and arm. He went to the hos- pital at Milliken's Bend and passed five months there and at the city hospital at Vicksburg. (His injury is mentioned in the dispatches under the erroneous name of Charles Blathe.) He re- joined his regiment at Natchez, Tenn., and fought June 10, 1864 at Lost Mountain. He participated in the siege of Atlanta and, later, fought Hood and Franklin and again at Nash- ville under Geo. H. Thomas. The weatlier was very bitter (Dec. 14, 15 and 16,) and the diffi- culty of keeping on their feet made active warfare very distressing. The regiment was in the fight at Spanish Fort and siege of Mobile and went thence to Montgomei'y, Ala., and back to Mobile to be assigned to provost duty until discharged. Nov. 10, 1863, Lieutenant Beattie was detailed on recruiting service and opened his office at Depere where he enlisted 27 men reporting at Madison, whence he started for the South, in charge of 300 recruits for various regiments. He went to Cairo, 111., and thence to Paducah, Ky., where his recruits were attached to the regiment. He was relieved March 28, 1861, and joined tlie portion of the 14tli known as " Worden's Battalion ", com- posed of a company of veterans and newly recruited men, and also a part of the 95tli and 81st Illinois. This detachment passed through the Atlanta campaign and returned to Nash- ville to make connection with the part of the old regiment that accompanied the Red River expedition. After the war, he returned to Depere and en- gaged in lumbering until 1873, when he entered the employ of the Green Bay & Mani- towoc Railway Company as a brakeman, re- maining in that interest six years. In 1876 he obtained a train as conductor and acted in that capacity three years. He entered the employ of the Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha Railway Company and operated in their inter- ests as conductor of a construction train for five months He engaged with the Wisconsin Central corporation for six months and then with tlie Chicago & Northwestern company for two and a half years. June 10, 1884, he en- gaged with the Milwaukee, Lake Shore & Wes- tern railway corporation and became the con- ductor of a construction train, having charge of a large force of men. Aug. 11, 1888, he was promoted to the position of road master of the Ashland division 'of the M. L. S. & W. R. R. and has charge of the track from Ashland to Watersmeet, including the Pence branch and the spurs to the mines. He was married July 2, 1871, to Mary J. Williams, and their children are named Maud A., Merritt M., H. Pearl and Frank Williams. Mrs. Beattie was born in Vermont, Fulton Co., 111. Her father, Abraham Williams, removed to the Sucker State when a boy, and married Amanda Freeborn, who was born in Cazenovia, N. Y. Merritt Williams, her brother, was in the Quarter Master's Department under Gen- eral Carr in the war, and is a physician and ranchman in Colorado. The father of Mr. 254 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF Beattie was interested in the rebellion in Can- ada in 1837 and, prior to that date, was in the military service of the British Government 11 years. Robert, his oldest son, was also in the Patriot war and was a soldier of tlu' 14th Wis- consin Infantry. William and Samuel, younger sons, were soldiers in the Mexican war. HARLES HARTUNCt, of Green Bay, Wis., was born February 19, 1841, in Haueisen, Province of Reiss, Prussia. His parents, Heinrich C. and Au- gu.sta (Munzert) Hartung, came to America in 1858 and located at Two Rivers, Wis., where his father still resides. The mother died in 1886. The son had come to America alone, four j'ears before, in 1854 when 13 years old, landing at Quebec and he came to Two Rivers, Wis., to the home of his uncle, Fred Hartung, who was a shoemaker and the lad learned that bu.siness. In .June, 1860, lie went to Milwaukee as clerk in the Fond du Lac House. He enlisted .July 17, 1861, in Company C, 5th Wisconsin Infiin- try at Madison for three years. He was dis- charged September 14, 1862, to accept promo- tion on that date as 2nd Lieutenant of Co. C, 24th Wisconsin Infantry. Company C, 5th Wisconsin was enlisted from the Milwaukee Turnverein, to which Mr. Hartung belonged and he desired to enlist therein, but its comple- ment was full and he arranged with his friends who went to the front, to telegraph him when a vacancy occurred. He received the telegram, left Milwaukee at 9 in the evening, reached Madison at three in the morning, leaving with his regiment at noon of the next day for the seat of war. He received his uniform at Madison and was obliged to make use of the only suit re- maining in the hands of the quartermaster. They were made for o, small man and, Mr. Har- tung being tall, he was accompanied on his journey by a discomforting sense of the absurd- ity of his appearance. He was in all the move- ments of the regiment previous to the battle of Williamsburg, where he was wounded in the left hip and he still carries the bullet. He was sent from the field hospital to Chesapeake hosptal at Fortress Monroe and was transferred to .Judici- ary hospital at Washington, passing aljout two months in both. He received a 30-day fur- lough and while at home, Governor Salomon obtained his discharge for his promotion as stated. He was in action Oct. 8, 1862, at Per- ryville and March 12, 1863, he was commis- sioned as Captain for gallantry at the battle of Stone River. He fought at Chickamauga, went thence to Chattanooga, was in the assault at Mission Ridge, in the skirmish near Dan- dridge, fought at Rocky Face Ridge, at Resaca, Pleasant Hill and Dallas. He was in the skir- mishes at Ackworth and in tlie several battles know as Kenesaw Mountain. He was in the fight at Peach Tree Creek and went, soon after, to the trenches in front of Atlanta. He was next in the fight at Jonesboro and went thence to fight at Lovejoy Station. He went back to Atlanta, thence to Dalton, Ga., and Chattanooga, Tenn., Pulaski and Franklin, wliere he was in the fight with Hood and went afterwards to Nashville. He was in the battles before Nash- ville and in the pursuit of the rebels and after- wards started to join the army in the East, and on the way thither the news of Lee's surrender was received and he returned to Nashville to be mustered out June 10, 1865. (In the pur- suit of Hood, he was in command of the reg- iment.) After his return to Green Bay in July, 1865, he engaged in the sale of groceries. In 1871 lie commenced operating in hardware and is still prosecuting his interests in that avenue of business. In the spring of 1878 he was elected Alderman and has been re-elected six times successively, serving seven years. In 1885 he was elected Mayor of Green Bay and he has been re-elected twice. During his 10 years of municipal service he has been con- nected with the material advancement and prosperity of Green Bay and, during his admin- istration as Mayor the waterworks were put in. He was married in September, 1866, to Lena Bader and their surviving children are named Ernst August Louis, Clara and Emma. Hulda died when four months less than 16 years old. Louis died in infancy. The oldest son is his father's business assistant. Louis Hartung, lirother of Captain Hartung, was an enlisted man in the 9th Wisconsin Infantry. ^ HARLES HENRY WALLACE, of Merrill, Wis., a member of Post No. 131, was born Sept. 19, 1838, in Thornton, Grafton Co., N. H. He is a descendant of the people known as Scotch- PERSONAL RECORDS. 255 Irish, his earliest recorded ancestor having been born in Scotland, and was one of those who were driven by the " kirk " from their native country to encounter persecutions no less Intter in the North of Ireland where they held their residence exactly 100 years, and preserved tlieir stock unmixed. In 1719 the great grandfather emigrated to New Hampshire where, ^\nth the ancestors of Horace Greeley and others of equal fame he was one of the founders of London- derry, the namesake of the ancient holding in Ireland. Lemuel Stickney Wallace, tlie father of Mr. Wallace, was born at Thornton and married Hannah Sanborn, a native of Sanborn- ton. New Hampsiiire. His father was a lieu- tenant in the war of the Revolution, and both sides of the races were of Puritan connections. Mr. Wallace was 24 years of age when he enlisted at Manchester in his native State and he presented himself to the surgeon of the Board of Examination to be rejected. In the spring of 1864 he went to Kane county in Illi- nois and enlisted ^lay 13th in the 144th Illincjis Infantry at Geneva. He was made Corporal and was one of the color guards. His period of enlistment was for 100 days and his regi- ment was sent to Columbus, Ky., to relieve veteran soldiers. October 10th, of the same year, ho was discharged honoraldy and returned to Kane county. Mr. Wallace was bred to the calling of a farmer and learned the business of a currier at Lebanon, N. H., in 1860. He was principally interested in farming, and after his return to Illinois he again eml^arked in that business. At the time he left the army he was suffering with typhoid fever and chronic diarrhea and he found farming to be advantageous to his per- manent recovery. In the fall of 1864 he came to Wausau, Wis., where he was occupied in a lumber mill until July of the next year, when he returned to Kane county and was en- gaged in farming for more than a year. In the fall of 1866 he again went to Wausau, re- turning to Illinois in the ensuing spring. In June, 1867, he went to New Hampshire to pass a summer, returning to the Sucker State in Oc- tober. He was there occupied in farming for three years when he. came again to Wausau and went into the " Pineries." In the spring he went back to Kane county, where he re- mained two years, going to Chicago in tlie spring of 1872, and operated as a carpenter until fall. He went next to Lodi, Ills., where he served as a farm assistant three years. In 1875 he became a citizen of Merrill, and has been seven years in the employ of the E. B. Scott Lumber Co. Oct. 23, 1867, he was married to Mary Cur- rier, a native of tlie State of New York. She and her infant child are buried at Campton, Kane county. May 16, 1882, Mr. Wallace was again married to Caroline A. Barker, who was born in Iowa, of Canadian parentage. She died at Merrill, Feb. 5, 1887. She was actively interested in the Woman's Relief Corps at Mer- rill. ■'-^>t>-i>*^ ^^IS /^^ ZEKIEL LINDSAY, of Oshkosh, Wis. * memljer of (J. A. R. Post No. 10, was '"^^- born July 6, 1822, in Coburg, Canada. He was one of a class of whom few survive — those belonging to a generation pre- ceding that of most of those who enlisted in the service of the United States in the civil war. He was 42 when he enrolled as a recruit of Company I, 7th Wisconsin Volunteers, March 22, 1864, at Bloomlield, Wis., for three years. He was discharged from Alexander hospital on account of gun shot fracture of the left thigh, Oct. 15, 1864. The Iron Brigade, formed from the 7th, 6th and 2nd Wisconsin regiments and the 9th In- diana, went into winter quarters at Kelley's Ford, Va., in December, 1863. Tiie re-enlisted men came to Wisconsin on their veteran's fur- lough and recruiting was pressed rapidly to re- fill the depleted ranks. At the expiration of their furloughs, the veterans with the recruits, rejoined the brigade and. May 3rd, a start was made for the Wilderness. On the morning of the 5th the Corps Commander, General Warren, engaged the rebels in a fight near Mine Ford, or at tlie Old Wilderness Tavern. The charge was made liy the regiments of the Iron Brigade through tliick jtine woods and almost solid un- derbrush. Victory at first was followed by re- pulse, and, from the character of the place, 600 men who were disabled by wounds, were unable to escape and were taken by the rebels. They were held in captivity at Cedar field hospitali seven miles west for 40 days when the Federal soldiers recaptured all that were alive — survi- vors of 600. 256 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF Mr. Lindsay and a comrade, who enlisted with him and marched with him to the fight of May 5th, James E. Casey, were sliot down at the same moment and fell against each other. Case)' was mortally wounded, and Lindsay re- ceived a niinie ball in his thigh and two buck- shot in his person. The latter were spent and imbedded themselves in his flesh wlience he extracted them with the aid of his pocket knife. Taking his necktie he imjirovised a tourniquet with which he checked tlie bleeding from his more serious wound. After his arrival at the field ho.spital, the rebel surgeon insisted that am- putation was necessary as gangrene had set in. After a spirited altercation, the surgeon de- parted in anger, and Mr. Lindsay proceeded to attend to his own case. The rebel hospital con- sisted of the outhoases on a plantation, Mr. Lindsay being in a smokehouse. He lay at first, on the bare ground but, procuring a piece of shelter tent, an old colored woman be- longing to the plantation made for him a mattress. On being left by the surgeon, he ob- tained a dipper and a bucket of cold spring water and reduced the swelling and inflamma- tion. He was taken in charge by Mary John- son, the colored woman, wlio went seven miles to the battlefield where he had fallen and ob- tained shirts from the dead for the federal sol- diers, — giving one to Mr. Lindsay every week — after they had been thoroughly cleansed. He had 36 dollars secieted in his stocking with which he obtained necessaries. He paid a dollar for a canteen of milk, four dollars a pound for Initter, and in such propor- tion for corn pones and other articles of food. Mary Johnson, whose name deserves to be made famous, was a slave and performed her self- imposed charities at night after her daily task, as .she would have been mercilessly punished if she had been discovered. In June, Mr. Lind- say was recaptured by the Union forces and sent to Alexandria where he remained under treatment until the date of his discharge. He has the minie bali.weighingan ounce, which was removed from his thigh 15 months after he was wounded. The wound did not heal en- tirely for 20 years, and more than 60 pieces of bone were taken from the sore at intervals. He is hopelessly disabled. The mutilation of his thigh is shocking in appearance, and is a proof of what has been endured Ijy the defend- ers of the Union. His comrade, Casey, died at Alexandria, July 14, 1864. Henry Lindsay, residing at Clay county, Kansas, oldest son of Mr. Lindsay, enlisted in the 1st Wisconsin Cav- alry and served his term. He had two horses shot under him, but received no injury. Ezekiel Lindsay is the son of John Lindsay who fought at Plattsburg in 1812. The latter was the son of John Lindsay, a Patriot of the Revolution. He held the commission of a Lieutenant, and was of Scottish birth. He came to this country in 1733, receiving from George Second of England, patents of land in what is now Albany county. New York. The mother of Mr. Lindsay, Polly Dewey before marriage, was of Connecticut stock dating back many genera- tions. Joel Goodell, her great grandfather, was a slaveholder and freed his negroes. They i efused to leave him, 60 of them remaining until their deaths. The representative of that genera- tion fighting to release his country from the evils brought about by the institution of slavery, pre- sents a curious exhibit of the changes of a few decades. Ezekiel Lindsay and Emuretta Barnes were married Jan. 9, 1842, in Elgin, Kane Co., Ills., and where they remained until 1854, wlien the}' removed to Bloorafield, Wis. Mr. Lindsay engaged in farming and lumbering until the war. He returned from the war to Bloomfield, where he remained until May 7, 1877, when he came to Oshkosh and engaged in real estate business and in other light occupations. The children born to himself and wife are eight in number. Their names arc Henry Bradley, Mal- vina, George Milford, William Sanford, Willard, Wallace Freeman, Emma D. and Dora. The two last named daughters have gone from the household band to Riverside Cemetery at Oshkosh. •K>!^-^»t^j^^S 0^HEODORE GOERES of Wausau, Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. .>;>, was born June 14, 1835 at Wefeling- hoven. Province of Rhine, Prussia- He is the son of Bernhard and Josei)hine (Bier- baum) Goeres and came to America with them when 50 years of age. They landed at the port of New York and came thence to Plymouth, Wis. His father was a blacksmith and both engaged in that occupation. At Plymouth the son worked as a blacksmith until he determined PERSONAL RECORDS. 257 to become a soldier. lu the spring of 1864 he went to Rhine, Sheboygan county and enHsted March lUth in Company K, 4tli Wisconsin Infantry for three years or during the war. He received honorable discharge at Madison, July 19, 18G5 on account of disabilities incurred in the service. He enlisted at first as a recruit of Company B, in the 4th and on joining the regi- ment was transferred to Companj' K and was made company blacksmith, •the regiment hav- ing been mounted and transformed into cav- alry. He was later made regimental black- smith and detailed to headquarters, remaining in that connection throughout the remainder of the war. He joined his regiment at Baton Rouge, La., an(i went with the command to Clin- ton, where he was made familiar with tirst-class skirmishing and where the colonel was the only man killed. In June, the regiment went on transports to Morganzia, remaining until August, when they returned to Baton Rouge. Later in the month they went to Clinton, crossing the Comite River, en route, on a fallen tree, the rebels having destroyed the bridge. A hot skirmish took place at Clinton and the regiment took a round about route back to Baton Rouge. Two otiier expeditions in October and November to Clinton also resulted satisfactorily. Late in the latter month, the regiment went to j)erform a service which is always most dangerous — making a feint to draw the fire and attention of the enemy while preparations were making for warfare else- where and the regiment took position on the line of the Mobile & Ohio railroad to attract the notice of the rebels from Sherman's move- ments, and they accomplished a march of 300 miles to the gulf of Mexico. Two weeks later, they went to New Orleans and back to Baton Rouge without loss. On the 1st day of March they had a sharp fight during a foraging ex- pedition, and went, soon after, to Mobile and was near there when the city capitulated. Afterwards, the regiment went to Alal)ama, passed througli the State and into Georgia. They returned by way of Montgomery, crossed the State of Mississippi and at Vicksburg, while at work, Mr. Goeres sustained a sunstroke. He was sent to a hospital and remained there until he recovered consciousness when he was sent to St. Louis on a hospital boat, remained in that place four weeks, and 2:)roceeded thence to Madison to be discharged as stated. He lost the sight of his left eye and that of the right is seriously im- paired. He returned for a short period to Kiel and went thence to Calumet village. Fond du Lac county and worked there at his trade six years. In, 1871 he returned to Kiel, where he pursued his bu.siness 10 years, going at the end of that time to Depere, Bi'own county, and engaged in the management of a saloon and hotel, his in- firmities compelling him to abandon his trade. Three years and two mouths after he came to Wausau, whei-e he is interested in the same business. He was married Oct. 19th, 1861, to Mary Kromberger and their living children number six — Clotilda, Millie, Maximilian, Bernhardt, Hattie and Judith. Josephine died, aged 21 years. She was the wife of Albert Abraham. The oldest daughter, was first married to Thomas Ackerman, who was killed on the C. & N. W. railway near Escanaba and she is now the wife of William Lord. Millie married Henry Gilliam. Mrs. Goeres is a Bavar- ian by birth and came to America wlien 12 years old. -^^S^-J>S>^^>^i«f^ tf f<^ HARLES O'CONNELL, of Marinette, ''^^^ Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 207, was born Aug. 26, 1847, in Limerick, Ireland. He is the son of Dennis and the grandson of Charles O'Connell. His mother's name was Mary Ryan. Mr. O'Connell came to America in 1849 and located at Chicopee Falls, Mass., where he lived three years, and settling at W^atertown, Wis., in 1852. He enlisted in September, 1864, in Company I), 43rd Wisconsui Infantry at Fond du Lac. The regiment was mustered at Janesville and went to Camp Washljurn, Milwaukee, into rendez- vous. Their next movement was to Nashville, Tenn., and, before reaching that city, they re- paired the track of railroad over which they were to pass. They performed guard and gar- rison duty and in November the rebels attacked the gunboats, driving them to Johnsonville, where the 43rd proceeded to defend the sup- plies which were stationed there in large quan- tities. The officers of the boats abandoned and fired them, the soldiers working on the fortifications at night by the light of the fires. Soon after, the Union soldiers burned millions o. dollars worth of property to prevent 258 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF :^eizure bj- rebels. The scene of the conflagra- tion and the explosion of the ammunition on the boats is described as very grand. The 43rd were in the trenches during the artillery battle. On the last day of November, orders were re- ceived to proceed to Nashville to repel Hood. The command started and inarched through terrific rains and mud to find, after three daj's, that they could not reach there. They went to Clarksville, thence again to Nashville, and to Decherd. While at Nashville they camped on Capitol Hill and the snow was several inches deep. They had just received a fine supply of clothing, ammunition and rations and on the march they were loaded so heavily that orders were issued to destroy all surplus clothing and for 10 miles the road from Nashville to Dech- erd was strewn. Some time after was passed in skirmishing in the Cumberland mountains and they captured many guerrillas, who were sent to prison at TuUahoma. They performed guard and picket duty on the routes around Chattanooga ami Mvirfreesboroandon the night of the assassination of Lincoln the detail to which Mr. O'Connell was attached, was on duty at Tullahoma. They rejoined the united com- mand at Decherd and went thence to Nashville and thence to the battle field of Franklin where they remained several days. They were dis- charged there June 24, 18G5. From there they proceeded homeward, and at Chicago received a grand reception and also at Milwaukee. The youth of Mr. O'Connell was passed at Watertown, Wis. He was married Feb. 2nd, 1884, to Jane Geelan of Brownsville, Dodge Co., Wis. They have two children named Charles Dennis and Elizabeth. One of the brothers of Mr. O'Connell was a soldier in the United States service during the war. His brother, James, was Deputy Sheriff of Marinette county. (See sketch). Four O'Connell brothers reside in Marinette. Mr. O'Connell of this account is managing a boarding house for the Hamilton and Merriman Company. J^^ BENEZER DIK'E,, resident at AVest- I ' A field, Marquette county. Wis., mem- >^^ ber of G. A. R. Post No 65, was born Nov. 16, 1835, in Fairfax, P>ank]in Co., Vermont. He is the son of Elisha and Betsy (Hendricks) Dike, and the former was a soldier in 1812, in which he was captui-ed and held as prisoner of war at Halifax, Nova Scotia. His mother was a native of Ohio. He was raised in his native State and enlisted Aug. 15, 1861, in Company D, 5th Vermont Infantry for three years, enrolling at Hyde Park under Captain R. C. Benton. He was in rendezvous at St. Albans and went to Washington soon after, going thence two days later to Virginia and successively to Camps Griffin and Vance. At the latter Mr. Dike was taken sick and sent to the hospital at Wash- ington and went thence after 10 weeks to Philadelphia, where he was treated succes- sively in the hospitals on Broad and Cherry sts., on Wood and 22nd streets, and the Phila- delphia general hospital. In the latter he was attended by Surgeon Hayes, the Arctic explorer, by whom he was examined for dis- charge. Although Mr. Dike was in no fighting his sufferings for more than a year when he lay in hospital for successive weeks, unable to help himself, made the danger of the battle field .seem a small consideration. He returned to Vermont, and after he re- covered his health he was married March 17, 1863, to Hannah Bunker, in Johnson, Vt. She was born at Waterbury, iia the Green Mountain State, Aug. 9, 184.3. After he became able to labor, Mr. Dike worked as a carpenter, and in 1876, removed to Wiscon- sin. He had |60 when he arrived at We.st- field, where he purchased a piece of wild land, which he cleared and impi'oved, and on which he has established his home. -J»t^-J»S>i^^>i :^, EANDER FERGUSON, of Brandon, 2\Q^ Fond du Lac Co., Wis., and a prom- '-■^Nl^ nent Grand Array man, is present Commander of Post No. 136 (1888), and was also Inspector of the Department of Wis- consin for one year, (1888); he has served four consecutive terms in that position. He is the sou of F. P. and Betsy (Landon) Fer- guson, and was born Aug. 2, 1841, in Middle- ton, Delaware Co., New York. His parents were natives of the same State and his father was, for years a militia captain. His pa- ternal grandfather fought in the war of 1812. PERSONAL RECORDS. 259 Mr. Feguson remained in his native place until he was 15, when his parents removed to AViscousin and located in Fond du Lac county. He was reared on a farm and, after leaving the common school, he went to Appleton to attend Lawrence University, where he was a pupil four years, until the spring of 1862, and attained his majority in August following. He had been anxious to enter the service of his country, but parental authority prevented, and as soon as he was his own master he accom- plished his cherished plan. He enlisted Aug. 21, 1862, in Company B, 32nd Wisconsin In- fantry, and accompanied his regiment from rendezvous to the front and in every move- ment until after -Johnston's surrender after Bentonville. The story of the 32nd has been often told on these pages, and Mr. Ferguson was a participant in the arduous marches in Mississippi and Tennes.see, in the closing months of his fiVst year of service. He was in the heavj' work of the Meridian expedition and in the following changes of positioii in the regiment. He fought in the siege of Atlanta and started with Sherman in November, 1864, for the .sea. His severest fighting was at Atlanta and .Jonesboro. His greatest suffering was ex- perienced at River's Bridge on the Salkahatchie in Georgia, where 37 men, all of his company, went into a cypress swamp, crossing a creek on a single log in single file in advance of the skirmish line under fire. Two days and a night were passed in the swamp in water knee- deep and but 24 men answered at roll-call on leaving the swamp, the rest being either killed or wounded. Before Bentonville, the regi- ment marched 45 miles between four in the morning and the same hour in the afternoon, going at once on the .skirmish line and into battle next morning. They made an impetuous charge and rushed up to Johnston's lines al- though ordered to halt, driving the rebels and falling back before a superior force. Mr. Fer- guson was always with his regiment and es- caped accidents of the field, but was once sick with mea-sles. Once he went into a cotton storage house which was fired by a rebel and he barely escaped with his life. March 29, 1865, at Goldsboro, N. C, he received a com- mission as 2nd Lieutenant of Company B, 46th Wisconsin Infantry, which was dated Feb. 17 preceding. Prior to this he had been made Corporal and Sergeant in his company. He was ordered to join his regiment at Madison, where he arrived April 14th, the night of the assassination of Lincoln and reported to the Adjutant-General. His regiment had gone to Athens, Tenn., while his papers had been de- layed and he followed and was mustered in May 5th. While on his way to Wisconsin, the country was in a flush of rejoicing over the sur- render of Lee and on his return to the army, the gloom and sorrow which shrouded the land in sharp contrast with the condition a few weeks before, made an ineffaceable impression on his mind. He remained at Athens until September, and was detailed as Adjutant of the regiment at intervals and was also made Judge Advocate of a General Court Martial. He was mustered out at Nashville Oct. 25, 1865, and received final discharge from military service at Madison. He returned to Brandon, where he engaged in mercantile business a year and removed in the fall of 1866 to Waukesha and engaged in farming. In the spring of 1876 he returned to Brandon and became associated with his brother in trade in general merchandise, the firm style being C. W. Ferguson & Brother. He was occupied in the pursuit of a popular and prosperous business until November, 1888, when their establishment was destroyed by fire. He was married Sep. 6, 1866, to Harriet H. Foster, and their only child died in infancy. His brother Calvin is his associate in Itusiness; his brother Herman resides in Antigo, and William is a traveling representative of a mer- cantile house of Milwaukee. His sister, Emma C, married Chas. Lokin of Cherokee Co., Iowa. His father died in Brandon, July 28, 18S8, aged 80 years ; his mother died in 1857, aged 47 years. Mr. Ferguson has held the offices of Supervisor, Assessor and Justice of the Peace. He is a Republican in politics and active in Grand Army work, sustaining the reputation of a citizen of unblemished character, as he did of a soldier of unequivocal courage. He was a delegate to the National Encampment at Colum- bus, Ohio, from the Department Encampment of the G. A. R., and active in obtaining the selection of Milwaukee as a place of meeting for 1889. He has been President and Vice- President of the Wis. Vet. Soldier's Association since its organization at Green Lake in 1885. Mr. Ferguson is prominent in executive ability which has been duly recognized in many posi- 260 SOLDIERS ALBUM OF tions. He has been Superinteiideut of the Methodist Sunday School 12 years. ...jjiARTLEY AND THOMAS BREEN, brothers and citizens of Menominee, Mich., are representatives of a class of men to whom is largely due the progress and prosperity of the West. They were born respectively Jan. 22, liS34 and Dec. 2fi, 1837, in Chatham, Northumberland Co., New Brunswick, and attended the best schools in the province in boyhood, coming to Chicago in 1849. Their father died two weeks after of cholera and the following year the brothers were at St. Mary's College; during the next year (1850), they located at Menominee where they have since been connected with the active interests of that section of the Peninsular State and of Wisconsin. They have operated in lumber, pine lands, mining and prospectnig with little intermis.sion, save the interruption caused by their adopting the cause of an in- sulted flag, as a personal grievance and taking a stand accordingly in the history of that most distressing period. When it became apparent that the war wan assuming grave proportions, they went to Oconto and enrolled in Company H, 17th Wisconsin Infantry, Dec. 7, 1861, for three years or the war. The " Oconto fiuards " went to the rendez- vous of the 17th, the Irish regiment of the Badger Stale, and, on organizing, a question about the officers arose, which proved distaste- ful to H Company and they withdrew and were assigned to State duty by Governor Harvey until sjjring (1862) when Colonel Mulligan re- organized his Irish Brigade (already the maker of history) and preferred a request that H Company be converted into a battery and attached to his command. Accordingly the company was filled to the maximum (156) and assigned as " O'Rourke's 11th Wisconsin Light Artillery." Bartley Breen was made Sergeant (as he had been of the former organization.) He had refused a com- mission, desiring to fight in the ranks. The battery proceeded to Chicago to Camp Douglas, and Mulligan's Brigade was hurried to the valley of the Shenandoah when Jackson made his advance and in June, the command first confronted rebel bullets. Jackson was driven out of the valley, and the command were ordered to Harper's Ferry, narrowly escaping capture, when the army of Miles was surren- dered after his death. Mulligan's Brigade took jiosition at New Creek to guard the Baltimore & Ohio railroad and in the fall went to West Virginia to fight Sam Jones and Jenkins. The movement was entirely successful and after fights at Beverly, Buckhannon and on the Elk River, the rebels retreated and the "Mulligan's" returned to New Creek, where Stuart raided their lines and took a lot of cattle. The " 11th battery" with Ringgold's (Pa.) Cavalry, marched all niglit, and coming upon them at breakfast they were invited to add Union shells to their menu. Thej^ accepted the invitation as a sum- mons to disperse and soon were " up and away." Many were captured, also two battle flags, and the cattle were recovered. In the same autumn, Imboden was on the South Fork of the Potomac, collecting supplies of every description, killing captured cattle and hogs, packing meat and helping himself to everything that could be of any possilde use to the confederates, also grinding wheat into flour for the rebel armies. Mulligan was bent on breakuig up Imboden's camp and started at night on a forced march and drove in the rebel pickets at daylight in front of Moorefield. Imboden fought his men from a thicket of alders, and Mulligan crossed the creek and drove them out of ambush at the point of the bayonet, capturing 23 officers, a large number of prisoners, all their supplies and six battle flags. The flying rebels had a mountain to climb and the shells of the "11th" falling in tlieir front stampeded their mules and turned their ranks into a mob. Mulligan marched 46 miles between 8 p. m. and morn- ing and at 10 a. m., Imboden was retreating. In January, 1863, Milroj' was surrounded by rebels at Moorefield. The relieving force in- cluded the 11th, now known as Mulligan's Bat- tery, and they commenced a march at mid- night, continuing through the day following until 4 p. m., arriving in time to relieve the be- leaguered Milroy, anddispersed the rebels, re- turning to New Creek. In the spring Sam Jones went into West Virginia to draw troops from Hooker's and Mulligan's forces, and the latter proceeded to frustrate the rebel operations. He marched his force to Phillippi and met the rebels on the .same alternoon. In the night the rebels were re- PERSONAL RECORDS. 261 inforced and, Mulligan learning that they were massing in his rear, ordered a retreat and his troops crossed the bridge which the}' destroyed ; the Colonel's own regiment, the 23rd Illinois and the "11th" covering the movement. On the next day approaching Grafton, they ob- served rebels also approaching on the other side and a race commenced. Mulligan's cavalry and the 11th made a dasli and secuied a hold- ing, saving Grafton. At Fairmountonthe B. & O. railway, two companies of the lOGth New York were guarding a valuable bridge when a request came from their chief for a gun to defend the posi- tion, and reinforcements including a detachment of the 11th with a gun on a "Hat" was sent. The engineer was of rebel proclivities and made numerous halts, causing much delay, and as the train approached the bridge, it was suddenly exploded, the fragments filling the Youghiog- eny River. The train was innnediately sur- rounded by shouting rebels crying that they had a Yankee bull-dog — a " Mulligan gun," but the response met them that the men who fought at Lexington (Mo.) were there and the gun was fought from the "flat." Three "rammers" Avere picked off by the rebels, but the soldieri.; formed in line of battle, rei)aired the track which had been torn up in the rear, a new man took the engine in charge and the train was backed to Gi'afton after a struggle of four hours. There were 1,800 rebels in the action. Later, Mounds- ville was saved from rel)el assault by a detach- meut from the brigade. Soon after, the battery was inspected by Major-General Barry, chief of artillery of the U. S. Army, and was highly commended. They drove .Jones out of West Vn-ginia and in .June went back to New Creek. "When Lee's invasion of Pennsylvania and Mary- land commenced, Mulligan was ordered to the front and his troops marched 50 hours without stopping, save to prepare coffee. Reaching Hancock, Md., they cleared the rebels out of the town and moved on to Gettysburg where fight- ing was in .progress. Word was received that the rebels were retreating and orders at the same time to take possession of the upper fords of the Potomac. The force was placed at Clear Springs, remaining three days within eight nnles of Wil- liamsport where rebels were in force. This idle- ne.ss, when war of importance was to be had first handed was aggravating, but Halleck was responsible for the situation. After this they moved to Williamsport and found the rebels retreating. Half an hour after, Couch's division arrived, but too late, and the opportunity passed, through Halleck's unac- countable management. Next morning the federals went to Cherry Run and moved across the river, building scows for the artillery and infantry, the cavalry swimming their horses over. Wade Hampton's Legion were on the op- posite shore and a force made their way over first, who drove the I'ebelsand held the fording place until the Union troops could cross, which occupied from 6:30 until midnight. The next morning Mulligan went into camp at Back Creek and on the next day (July 19) Averill made a sortie to take observations and drove the rebel cavalry two miles. They received rein- forcements and drove Averill towards Mulligan's camp. The; latter was ordered to assist Averill and the command was in a heavy fight lasting four hours, the rebels being driven to Bunker Hill. A few days later a retreat was ordered to prevent the rebels attack on Kelly's division, and they lay on the Maryland side of the Po- tomac six days, then crossed and until August 16th scouted and skirmished on their way to Petersburg, West Virginia. Towards the last of the month a portion of Mulligan's brigade, including a section of the "11th", were stationed at Moorefield and, Sep- tember 4th, were attacked on all sides. They signalled Mulligan at Petersburg and he started with a detachment to their relief, struck the rebels in ambush on the way, had a severe fight, extricated his men and took another route and accomplished his object, returning with his entii-e command to Petersburg. They in- trenched there and about the 1st of January, 18G4 their communications were cut off by Fitz Hugh Lee's command, the debar continuing seven days. Previously, Averill had com- menced his cavalry movement accompanied by one section of the "11" (two guns) the command cutting the road at Salem, destroying a million dollars worth of property and tearing up the track for 15 miles. Included in the general mischief was the saltpeter works at Franklin. General Thoburn applied to Captani O'Rourke for volunteers from his battery to obtain informa- tion of the rebels. The detail of 40 men includ- ing Partly Breen who selected the men, reported for instructions, and were joined by a company of Pennsylvania cavalry, both detachments being placed under command of Major Potts. As they were crossing the South Fork of the Potomac, they were informed by a Mr. Randolph 262 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF (Union) that they were about to encounter 5,000 rebels under Fitz Hugh Lee. Potts wished to return, but O'Rourke pushed forward and went to Moorefield and obtained the information. On return, they met a force of rebels and were ordered not .to fire, but to depend on sabers. When within charging distance the "40" de- ployed in three columns and ruslied among the rebels like a whirlwind. (Major Potts had retired but moved out to meet them on their return and joined them after the scrimmage.) The information, which they had obtained from a loyal (ierman, a former resident at Beaver Dam, Wis., was imparted to Thoburn. In the latter part of January the confeder- ates attempted to carry out a plan to drive all federal troops from West Virginia. Thoburn's brigade was at Petersburg without rations and Mulligan started a train of 200 wagons to his relief, escorted by a force under Snyder. Tho- burn sent a detail from the "iSrd Illinois to meet the supply train and near Petersburg they were attacked by rebs, and fought their way to Medley, to the train. Colonel Quirk, of the 2ord Illinois, advised Snyder to retreat, stating his conviction of the utter impos.sibility of getting through. Snyder replied that he was under orders to go to Thoburn's relief and he should do so. Quirk assured him again it could not be done and while the conference was in progress Snyder discovered approaching rebels. The train was corralled and fighting commenced. After three hours struggle with heavy odds, the guard was routed and took to the woods and the supplies were captured. Mr. Randolph (before mentioned) sent a negro to Tlioburn to say that the reljels held every road leading from Petersburg and that he would be attacked at grey light the next morning. Re- treat was decided on, and at midnight, in the midst of rain and Egyptian darkness, the movement commenced. In a short time they saw the rebel picket tires and halted. A Vir- ginian mountaineer, told the commander, of an unused road and they struck into it, crowding between two forces of rebels, and escaped. The rebels gave chase and on the way to Greenland Gap, their only egress, they were continually harassed by rebels who took many prisoners, among them Captain O'Rourke. He was sent South and escaped from prison about the time Sherman passed into South Carolina. The battery threw away their ammunition to "lighten up" and passed through the Gap at 2:30 in the afternoon. The rebels were two hours behind them and, soon after dark, they received orders to move, as a night attack was imminent. They marched until nine the next day, when they met Mulligan with 8,000 troops coming to their relief. The force under Thoburn marched through a passage formed by Mulligan's soldiers and they were cheered through every step of their progress. The next thing in order was a "square meal." Mulligan pressed on and re- cai)tured a portion of his train. The "11th" went into camp again at New Creek and there veteranized. The Breen brothers were among the number and took their furloughs. In 30 days they rejoined their guns at New Creek, meeting the trains of wounded men from the battle fields of the Wilderness. (It should have been mentioned in proper connection that prior to the advent of F. H. Lee in the Shenandoah Valley, Imboden attacked a part of the brigade and was handsomely defeated after a three hours tight. In his report to Richmond he made most exaggerated statements of the fed- eral force and also of the shrapnel and cannis- ter poured into his ranks by the 11th Wisconsin Battery.) The Army of West Virginia was re- organized, with Kelly in command of the reserve, and he preferred a request to Mulligan to exchange the 11th Battery for a battery of U. S. Regulars. On the 1st of August the battery was sent to Cumberland, Md., making 23 miles in 25 minutes. (Chambersburg had been burned.) The rebels expected to take all railroad pro- perty, to destroy all bridges in the rear from Cumberland and all Government stores to the Ohio River — the worst possible disaster to the LTnion armies. Kelley moved his scattered troops to prevent, and ordered a bridge near Falk's Mills to be held at all hazards, it being the onl)' crossing place of the rebels. Sergeant Bartley Breen was in command of the gun that held the situation, and returned three shrapnel shots per minute (each loaded with 73 musket balls) into the bridge, the rebels using the famous McElroy Baltimore Battery of rifled guns. The bridge was roofed and the shots con- stantly tore away fragments. Kelley had held several regiments of 100 days men returning from expired service, and, they were terrified by the situation, crawling away on their knees to shelter. They became unmanageable, but the 11th West Virginia Infantry stood to its post, PERSONAL RECORDS. 263 commanded by Major Simpson. The rebel sharpshooters were continually picking off" the cannoneers and horses of Breen's detail, and his shots continued their deadly work ; Captain Pease, chief of staff, rode up and directed Breen to hold the position at all liazards. The latter assured him that he should do so, as long as a man stood byhim. Thomas stood by his brother when he was struck by two balls from a spherical case shot. Both entered his head at the bridge of the nose on the right side, bi'e;iking and carrying away the cartilage, destroying the sight of the rigiit eye, and breaking the facial bone on the same side. The examining surgeon said it was use- less to attempt to do anything for him, his breath escaping through tlie wound and the M'ater given him to drink gushing from the tattered aperture in his face. A council otsur- . geons later decided that cure was impossible, and he was sent to Reception hospital at Cum- berland. He was not sent to a regular hospital as he would have been if less desperately in- jured. He was retained there until he was well enough to go home, and he was discharged, Feb. 25, 1865. He is in constant suffering from intense neuralgic pains and headache, and is a practical barometer, his sensations warning him ofthe approach of storms and weather changes. Nevertheless, his native hardihood and pluck enables him to perform severe labor in attend- ing to the details of his business engagements. He is a thorough-going business man, and pos- sesses executive ability of the be.st quality. He is highly esteemed by his friends and enjoys the repute of a charitable and high spirited nature. Sergeant Breen witnessed the mishap of his brother and thought he must be killed and turned to assist him. But he remembered his duty and, with a prayer in his heart for his brother, he instructed one of his men to re- move him to the protection of a tree. His struggle between duty to one and to many may be imagined. Meanwhile the shells had torn the cover of the bridge to pieces and, the rebels being driven back, they took to the house-tops to fire on the Union soldiers. At half-past eight in the evening the rebels retreated, leav- ing their dead and wounded, and the Union troops took 10,000 stands of arms, several wagons, a piece of artillery, a large number of horses and ammunition, etc. Within a radius of 20 feet of the gun managed by Sergeant Breen, 73 shells fell, and General Kelly thanked them publicly, saying that the men must have been made of iron. He was made a Major- General for that day's work. Aug. 4th the Mulligan Battery whipped the rebels again at New Creek after wliich they went to Cumber- land and remained until September 10th. On the 27th of the same month they went to New Creek and thence to Clarksburg, W. Va., to take care of rebel raiders, where Sergeant Breen's section passed the fall in raiding and skirmisli- ing. (In the spring they were in the action in which the salt works at Franklin were again destroyed.) His command went into winter quarters at Clarksburg, the other guns (4) re- maining at New Creek where they were cap- tured by Rosser with troops in federal uniform, together with the infantry stationed there. In January, 1875, Sheridan prepared for his famous work, and 60 light batteries were dismantled to supply horses, the 11th among the number. They were ordered to Harper's Ferry, where they arrived on the 22nd, and were assigned to provost duty on a bridge between the Ferry and the Mary- land shore. They remained until the surren- der of Lee, and Bartley Breen received hon- orable discharge .July 11th. After the war the Breen brothers resumed their former business relations and have given much attention to the development of the re- sources ofthe Northern Peninsula of Michigan. They were the first to prospect and discover iron in the Menominee Range. Bartley Breen has has been prominent in his connections with the political arena of his section. He has acted as Supervisor and is a member of the Mich- igan Legislature (1887-8). In the winter of the years mentioned, he introduced and pro- cured the passage of the " Breen law " for the suppression of prostitution on the Northern Peninsula, whose regulations included the en- tire State. He also introduced a Bill propos- ing the forfeiture of the Marquette, Houghton and Ontonagon land grant. The Company had held it 31 years without fulfilling its re- quirements. He enjoined the opposers of the Bill and prevented the grant being transferred to another syndicate, which was only a ruse to hold it further. On the death of Hon. Seth C. Moffatt, Member of Congress, Mr. Breen re- ceived the nomination of the labor element to fill the vacancy and was endorsed by the Dem- crats. The shortness of the time for the can- 264 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF vass and the extent of the territory embraced in the District (19 counties) with tlie excessive cold and the large numbers of constituency in the woods prevented a triumphant election. But he reduced a Republican majority of 4,000 to 380, and would have been elected if the oc- casion had been regular. July 19, 1888, he was nominated by the Democratic State Con- vention at Detroit for Auditor General of Mich- igan. On the same day the Greenback Con- vention was in session, and on receiving the intelligence by telegraph they adopted the ac- tion and made him their nominee for the same position. Later, Mr. Breen declined to run. This portion of Michigan has been the scene of the energy, perseverance and public spirit of the brothers Breen. They are sons of Bartholomew and Elsie (Shehan) Breen. The father was born in County Wexford, Ireland, not far from Ennis- corthy. He was an Irish gentleman and a graduate from Trinity College, Dublin. His father, Daniel Breen, was engaged in the re- bellion of 1798, was outlawed and resided in France until pardoned. The original stock possessed the Irish traits in all their strength and were, from the beginning of the tradition- ary history of the family, connected with the struggles for changes in the government. The senior Breen came to America in 1813. He landed at Newfoundland and went to New Brunswick, and for 30 years was in- terested in cutting square timber for the European market. The mother was born in Limerick, Ireland, and emigrated in 1816. On her mother's side she was descended from a family prominent in the British army. Bartley Breen was married Aug. 10, 1868, to Catherine Jenkins, a riative of Glasgow, Scotland, and born of Irish parents. Their children are Elsie B., Mary A., .Johannah W., Catherine A., Agnes M., Helen E. and Isabella M. Two children are deceased. The oldest daugliter is the wife of J. E. O'Brien, of Chi- cago. Thomas Breen is unmarried, but he tills the position of uncle in his brother's house- hold in a manner that has endeared him equally with their father to the children of the family. ^^AMUEL N. ROGERS, a resident of ^*j«^ Mukwa township, Waupaca county, Wis., was born April 26, 1843, in Paris, Oneida Co., New York, where he remained with his parents, Samuel and Mary (Enos) Rogers, until he was 4 years old. The family removed in 1847, to Spring Prairie, Wis., and, after a residence of one year, went to Win- chester, Winnebago county, and there, Mr. Rogers passed 37 years of his life. He was a farmer until he entered the army and he en- listed Feb. 14, 1865, in Company D, 49th Wis- consin Infantry atMenasha, for one year. This regiment was one that was raised for the pur- pose of relieving veteran soldiers for more ac- tive service and Mr. Rogers accompanied the command to St. Louis, and went thence toRoUa, Mo., and he was there occupied in guard duty and in escorting trains to Springfield, until Au- gust when he went to St. Louis. He remained there until the 1st of November engaged in pa- trol duty and was discharged on the tirst day of the month at Benton Barracks. After his re- lease from military service he returned to Wis- consin and in 1885, settled on the farm with his family where he is now residing. February 15, 1865, the day following his en- listment, he was married to Anna Davinson. She died Februarv 9, 1867, and he was married June 28, 1868, to Mary Jane Cliff. Thetr daugh- ter, Harriet F., was born in 1870. Mr. Rogers is still pursuing the vocation of a farmer. -^^35»»^i»^j^^<^5<^<^«:^ ,1,^1 ENJAMIN F. HARPER, a furniture dealer at Peshtigo, Wis., and a mem- ber of G. A. R. Post No. 207 at Marinette, was born Aug. 25, 1830, in London, England, and was seven years old when he came to the United States. His pa- rents, William and Martha A. (Hansted) Harper, were Ijorn in England. The son grew to man- hood in Ramapo, Rockland Co., N. Y. He went to Mississippi and engaged in the prose- cution of his business as a carpenter and was extensively connected, hiring assistants, among whom were several negroes. He was known as a Northern man and did not dare to exercise the privileges of his citizenship or to vote for Lincoln, and refrained from activity in politics. He was suspected on this account as much as if PERSONAL RECORDS. 265 he had been actively outspoken in his views and was waited on by a vigilance committee. Mr. Harper bad done a good busincs.s, but bis establishment with all bis accumulated earnings, valued at four thousand dollars, was destroyei>.*-J»l^;^^t3»«^^>«f«f-»>^*^- LBERT HURD of Merrill, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 131 at that place, was born at Duanes- burg, Schenectady Co., New York, June 28, 1834. He lived in the counties of his nativity, Oneida and Madison in New York, until he was eight years of age when the family removed to Milwaukee, Wis., and there he passed the remaining years of his boyhood, going later to Jefferson county, and in both places obtaining such education as was possible under the circumstances in which he was placed, as he was obliged from tenderest years to main- tain himself. He became a farmer as soon as he was old enough to give his attention to labor and when he was 18 he became a lumberman and also operated later as a pilot on the Wis- consin River. He acted in the latter capacity 13 years and succeeded his career on the river by becoming a soldier. When the eight com- panies for the completion of the 1st Wisconsin Heavy Artillery were recruited he enlisted and was assigned to Battery M, his enrollment tak- ing place Aug. 28, 1864, at Madison, Wis. He received, in common with the members of the organization, infantry and heavy and light artillery drill, both before and after proceeding from Wisconsin to assignment in the fortifica- tions in and about the National Capital. On arrival there the battery took place at Fort Lyon and afterwards was assigned to garrison duty successively at Forts \Veed and Farusworth 276 SOLDIERS ALBUM OF where tlie delightful situation in some degree compensated for the hardships and privations of existence as artillerymen in dismal forts. After his discharge in June, 1865, he re- turned to his labor as a river pilot where he continued to operate 11 years, and he became possessor of a valuable knowledge of eveiy point from Wausau to St. Louis, Mo. Afterwards, he was occupied some j'ears in farming and, in July, 1.S81, he came first to Merrill. For a time he was employed in a mill, becoming later a • deputy lumber inspector for the 14th District which post he has held for two years. In March, 1848, he was majried to Susie E. Tralian and five months later she died. July 4th, 1871, he was again married to Sarah Starks and their children are Willie A. and Harry Maynard. Lulu died in infancy. David and Eliza (Wilbur) Hurd, his parents, were natives of New York and the former was u descendant of Revolutionary stock, who also fought in the second war with Great Britain. The mother was born in Duchess county and her father died when she was a child. Her brother enlisted from Black River as a soldier in the late Avar and he was drowned in the Missouri River while employed in shipping horses and mules. He was knocked into the river accidentally in the night and it was sup- posed he was too much injured to swim. Jos- eph Hurd, brother of Mr. Hurd, enlisted in Company I, 7th Wisconsin Infantry "Iron Brigade" and was siiot to death on the field of Gainesville, Aug. 28, 18(J2. A year later, four skeletons, one that of a horse, were found on the field, their situation making it probable that one of them was that of Joseph Hurd, as the horse of the Colonel was known to have been killed on the same spot at the same time. Seneca Hurd, another brother, enlisted in the 20th Iowa in 1861 and remained in the ser- vice throughout the war in the Army of the Frontier. During the closing months of his service he acted as mounted Orderly for Gen- eral Blunt. He saw some of the most arduous service of the war and at Pea Ridge and Prairie Grove narrowly escaped with his life, his clothes being shot from his body. Mrs. Hurd's father was a native of St. Lawrence Co., New York, and she is a descendant of General Stark, of Bennington fame, for whom her father was named iMorgan. J. C. Rowsam, her half-brothei-, enlisted as a soldier from Ripon in the 20th Wisconsin and he was brigaded with the 20th Iowa, in the service of the frontier, participating in the experiences of Seneca Hurd and escap- ing in safety. The parents of Mrs. Hurd were Morgan and Mary Ann (Rowsam) Starks. The latter was a widow when she married Mr. Starks and her maiden name was Smith; she was the mother of ten children, five girls and five boys, Mrs. Hurd being the oldest of the girls. Mrs. Hurd's father is also connected with the Chase family. HARLES LLEWELYN WOOD, of Oshkosh, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No 10, was born in Ho- mer, Cortland Co., New York, Sep. 26. 1845. He is the son of .James and Ruth (Phelps) Wood, the former born in Herkimer Co., New York, and tlie latter a native of the same State, both being descended from ancestors who iden- tified themselves with the early military history of this countiy. The senior Wood was a mill- wright l)y vocation and reared his son to a knowledge of that business. He was occupied with his father in such relations until he was 19 years old, when he fulfilled a resolution to enlist, which he did at Cortlandville, in his native county Sep. 4, 1864, in Company F, lS5tli New York Infantry for two years. His com- pany was I'aised almost exclusively in Cort- land and Onondaga counties. Three of his brothers had enlisted previously; the oldest, Henri Alexander, was in the 1st Pennsylvania Cavalry, and he was 1st Lieutenant of his com- pany; Parley and Henry Lamoran, were in the 111th New York Infantry. The first was cap- tured twice and made his escape in both in- stances; Henry L. was killed in Pickett's charge at Gettysburg, July 3rd, 1863. Parley was wounded May 4, 1864, in the battle of the Wil- derness. He was struck in the right side by a ball which entered under the shoulder blade and was cut out of the small of his back. This injury was the indirect means of his death by drowning, Aug. 20, 1886, in Onondaga Lake, as he could not help himself after falling into the water. He was in 23 battles. W'ith his lirother, H. L., he was captured at Harper's Ferry, paroled and sent to Camp Douglas at Chicago and there awaited exchange. PERSONAL RECORDS. 277 Mr. Wood went into barracks at Syracuse and, September ■2ord, went to New York, whence he went on the steamer Arago to Fortress Monroe. Some excitement was created on board by a rumor that a rebel cruiser was in their wake, but they were not troubled and, immediately after arrival at Fort Monroe, they proceeded to City Point on transports, and thence to Yellow Tavern by train. The battle on Preble's farm was in progress and their arrival to take part was prevented by a train conveying wounded Soldiers to City Point running off the track on tlie road over which they must pass. The\' reached the position in front of Petersburg, where the ISoth was detailed to relieve a coloied regiment in the breastworks, (Oct. 3rd,) and where they remained until Oct. 27th, when the 5th Corps, to whicli the command was at- tached, commanded by General Warren, made a movement in accordance with the general plan against the flanks of Lee's army, in the course of which, the rebels interposed them- selves between theirs and the 2nd corps, neces- sitating a movement for safety. The regiment returned and, Dec. Kith, marched with War- ren's troops to the Weldon railroad, wliiehthey destroyed as far as Hicksford on the Meherrin River, encountering all the contingencies of war. At Sussex C. H. they found three Union soldiers with their throats cut and Warren l)urned the place and destroyed every building between tiiere and camp. On the night before reaching there, they encountered a driving snow storm, which impeded their march and compelled a stay without blankets, those articles having been thrown away on the march. The entire route was one of much suffering as the cold was intense and many were without extra coats. The command built winter quarters which they occupied until February 6th, wlien they moved to the Vaughan road, gained and held a posi- tion on Hatcher's Run, where they burned a mill and took the bricks to build fire places in their quarters, which they occupied until March 25th, when the 5th Corps assisted the 2nd Corps in the two actions in which the reb- els took and lost Fort Stead man within two hours. The ISoth returned to camp and on the 29th l)roke camp for the spring campaign. At three o'clock in the morning, Warren's troops moved in line of battle and early in the day, encountered a force of rebels and imme- diately engaged in a sharp fight, and the 1st Brigade led and held the rebels two and a half hours on the Quaker road at Gravelly Run, in which action five of tlieir color bearers were killed. They were about to fall l)ack when a battery came up. Rallying tlie command, they made ready to repel the probable attack wliich came, only to meet repulse. The remainder of the corps came up and the 1st Brigade collected their dead and wounded and lay all night in a drenching rain in a corn field. They held the ground on the 30th in the rain and the following night. On the 31st tlie corps were in a sharp action at the inter- section of the Boydton and White Oak roads. In the course of the action the brigade, com- manded by General Chamberlain, decided the fate of the day, driving the rebels, and inflicted great loss. They threw up breastworks on that night and remained in that holding until April 1st, when they marched until noon, ariv- ing in the rear of the rebels at Five Forks, where they made a charge and took the works, capturing 8,300 men of Pickett's division. At Five Forks, the 185th received a mail for the first time since breaking camp. On the 3d, tiie regiment, under Griffin, with Warren's triumphant corps (Warren having been re- lieved of his command) started towards Peters- burg and marched until three in the afternoon, when a courier arrived announcing that Lee had left Petersburg and Richmond. The retro- grade march commenced immediately and con- tinued far into the night, to be resumed in the morning and continued until the 6th, when they reached Jettersville on the Danville rail- way. They lay on their arms that night and at three o'clock ni the morning, the brigade was ordered out to assist the cavalry with cap- tured supply trains and arttillery taken from Lee. They made a quick march, and when they returned, they found the 5th corps had started in pursuit of the flying chief of the rebel army. TJiey reached Farniville at noon on the 7th, and on tlie next day the regiment started before daylight to march until mid- night. They started at four on the next morn- ing, marched four miles and after a few min- utes halt moved on the double quick for Appo- mattox C. H. The rebels were awaiting them, and within lialf a mile the .skirmish lines were thrown out and the corps formed in three lines of l)attle. They had advanced about GO rods, when General Ord and staff rode by, shouting that "LEE HAD SURRENDERED." The division of Mr. Wood received the white flag 278 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF sent to the advance to request cessation of hos- tilities, while Lee conferred with Grant. After the terms had been arranged, the rebel brig- ades man-lied and saluted the 1st Division of the 5th, saluted by "present" and stacked arms, placing their battle-stained and tattered colors across their stacked arms and turning away with eyes streaming with tears. Even the con- querors felt a sympathy with those who thus abandoned their work of the last four years. Mr. Wood passed through tlie closing scenes at Washington, where he was mustered out in May and returned to Syracuse and was dis- charged June 9, 1865. He went thence to liis home and remained working with his father until 1875, when he came to Wisconsin, arriving at Winneconne in the spring. He remained there from April to September, when he went to Monistique, Mich., and built a mill which occupied his time for nine months. In 1876 he went to Oshkosh and entered the employ of the Paine Lumber Company with whom he has operated eleven years. He was married Oct. od, 1867, to Emily F. Chase, and their children are Henry Lamoran, Ezra, Charles L. and Andrew. Mrs. Wood was born in Homer, Cortland Co., New York. •.^!«^ •^»i>i^^'«5tf-'«^5*^-' of ENRY CUTLER WHITMAN, Oneonta, New York, and a mem- ber of G. A. R. Post E. D. Farmer, No. 119, Department of New York, was born in Oneonta, Oct. 6, 1841. The period of his youth and manhood included some of the most important years in the history of the Nation as indicative of the fractional struggle which these records are designed to delineate in the light of the experiences of the volunteer soldiers, fle was oljservant and reflective and with the approach of the date of his legal man- hood came a determination to throw his life into the scale of adjustment if need be, as he was certain the contest was of no slight signi- ficance. Accordingly, he enlisted Sept. 9, 1862, as a private in G Company, 3rd New York Cav- alry at Albany for three j^eai'S. He was made a Sergeant during the time he served and re- ceived honorable discharge June 10, 1865, the war being ended. The regiment had been in the field since the previous year and he joined the command at Newbern, N. C, where he received cavalry equipments and made acquaintance with mil- itary life. About the middle of October, the regiment started northward from Newbern to Williamston and a sharp encounter with the rebels took place between that point and Little Washington, where Mr. Whitman had his first taste of actual warfare and all its attendant horrors. The command returned to Newbern and in December started towards Kingston, where an action took jilace on the 12th. The next day the experience was repeated at Whitehall and on the day following, another skirmish took place at Kingston. Three days later, Mr. Whitman was in the fight at Goldsboro and still later was in the scrimmage at Warsaw and along the line of the Weldon Railroad. In July, 1863, the Tarboi'o raid commenced by the New York 3rd leaving Newbern and, passing through Greenville, they struck the Weldon railroad at Rocky Mount, where they captured a train of cars loaded witli ammuni- tion and supplies for the rebels. A number of teams were also taken, which were engaged in transporting similar materials. The "3rd" de- tached the engine which they run onto a bridge to which they set fire. The bridge was con- structed of the pitch pine of that region and the flames speedilj^ burned away the supjjorts ot the bridge, the mass with the locomotive fol- lowing into the river below. A cotton factory in the neighborhood running full blast, manu- facturing cloth for the rebel army, was emp- tied of operatives and burned. On the return march Mr. Whitman had command of the rear guard, and during the march they fired about 3,000 bales of cotton scattered along its line at the various plantations. It was in the gins and ready for transportation to the factories. At Tarboro, they had a tussle with the rebels, who followed them snugly until they came to the Neuse River which the Union troops were unable to cross but they took a stand on the bank, protected by the gun-boats in the river and the "Johnnies" were compelled to fall back. The regiment was assigned to the Army of the James under General Butler, and Mr. Whit- man was in a skirmish at Stoney Creek, Va., and from there the regiment took a position in IVont of Petersburg. June 15th he was in a fight on the left of the line. His command was fighting as infantry and the colonel, Simon H. PERSONAL RECORDS. 279 Mix, was killed. The regiment was driven back and, at night, after reaching their camp, a comrade named Odette, accidentia shot him- self. They were attached to Wilson's command and,. June 22nd, went to tiie South Side railroad whicii they struck at Ford's Mill, and they tore up the track thence to Burkesville Junction, whence they proceeded to Staunton River on the line of the Richmond & Danville railroad. There, in attempting to burn a bridge they had a sharp encounter with the rebels, who endeav- ored to thwart their plan.s, but in vain. June 28tli, in an engagement at Ream's Station, in Avhich there was need of reinforcements with as little delay as possible, Mr. Whitman, in com- pany witli Lieut. R. L. Ford of his company and Captain Whitaker, one of General Wilson's aids, set out for the headquarters of General Meade, who detailed the Sixth Corps for the relief. On their route, the three messengers had a narrow escajie. They were compelled to cro.ss a road which was filled with rebels, but the dust which covered their uniforms concealed their identity. They had to traverse swamps and bayous with a negro for a guide who under- stood the feasible routes. While doing picket duty in July, 1864, Mr. Whitman and a .squad were driven in by rebels, and his life was only saved by their supposition that the guard be- longed to their own number. They also cap- tured 1,500 liead of cattle and got away witli nearly the entire herd. During the latter part of September the regiment crossed the James and on the 28th reached a position from whicli they could look into the city of Richmond. At that place, they had a severe skirmish with the rebels in connection with otiier regiments, in which one from Pennsylvania lost heavily. The "3rd" was assigned to picket duty near Richmond until October 7th, when the rebels appeared in force and the fight known as "Johnston's Farm," 10 miles east of Richmond, on the north side of the James took place. The command were dismounted and were deceived by a feint of the rebels in front which enabled a part of their force to slip to the rear of the regiment and take about 200 horses. A warm encounter followed, in which the company to which Mr. Whitman belonged suffered severely. Later they were in another action at Charles City Cross Roads on the peninsula. In Decem- ber the regiment went to Norfolk and Suffolk, and were engaged in the performance of picket duty dui'ing the remainder of the war. Mr. Whitman obtained his education at Batii and Gilbertville, New York, and was trained to the vocation of a farmer, in which he was em- ployed previous to the war. Wlien he left the army, he went to Portlandville, New York, where he established himself in mercantile re- lations, and was appointed po.stmaster. He was also made clerk of Milford Townsliip. In 1868 he dissolved liis connections with that place and returned to Oneonta and engaged in farming, in which he operated until 1882, when he en- tered upon the sale of agricultural implements, and later, commenced business in tlie intere.st of Messrs. M. and L. Westcott, hop dealers. He is Justice of the Peace at Oneonta. He was married Jan. 2, 1860, to Zilpha, daughter of Hamilton Westcott, of Fairhaven, Vt. Their children are named Roscoe L., Flor- ence E. and Westcott. The parents of Mr. Whitman, George R. and Eluora (Perry) Whit- man, were natives respectively of Massachusetts and New York. The father's family is of English extraction, and that of the mother Scotch. ARCUS H. BARNUM, proprietor /^3i£A^ of the Torch of Liberty at W'au- ^^"^J^^p^^ sau. Wis., was born March 14, 1834, in Syracuse, Onondaga Co., New York. His father, Marcus Barnum, is a member of the same stock with the fa- mous showman, P. T. Barnum, and was born in Danbury, Conn. The race has prominent in the history and business of the country from its earliest period, furnishing soldiers in its first and latest struggles. The mother, Eli- zabeth Lounsbury before marriage, belonged to a lineage that lield staunchly to the King, because wealthy and prominent in furnishing the British witli supplies of beef; on the ter- mination of the Revolutionary struggle they lost their estates by confiscation. The ques- tion of furnishing the beef was one of pecun- iary weight rather than patri'otism as, having the cattle, the}' would have been seized without com- pensation if not sold as allies of tlie red-coats. The families have both been connected with ed- ucational affairs in descending generations and that the present generation was carefully ed- ucated. Two sisters of Mr. Barnum became 280 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF teachers and the youngest, Mary, died when in the last year of her school-life at Ripon College. Chester C. is the proprietor of a cattle ranch at Lake View, Col. Jane married Charles King of Reed's Corners, Wis. Carrie, (Mrs. Sher- wood) is a widow, and resides at Benson, Minn. Mr. Barnum was educated in the common schools of his county and attended the James- ville Academy at Onondaga, New York. He was trained in practical farming and at 18 com- menced teaching. He followed that profession four years, meantime studying law and in 1855 came to Wisconsin. He located in Fond du Lac county and engaged in farming, teaching and practicing law. In the years in which na- tional affairs between the North and South were culminating lie Ijecame intensely inter- ested and was among the first to enlist at Ber- lin, Wisconsin. He enrolled May 10, 1861, in Company G, 5th Wisconsin Infantry, and on December 25th was transferred to I Company. Dec, 2, 1862, he received honorable discharge at Harrisliurg, Pa., on account of disabling wounds. Mr. Barnum was a member of the "Iron Brigade", until the transfer of the command in September, 1861. He performed camp, and outpost duty previous to connection with Han- cock's Brigade and was hard at work also in the construction of fortifications. At "Camp Grif- fin" near Lewinsville, he was occupied in the routine of duty pertaining to the situation in winter quarters and in March participated in the gloiy and such other emoluments as dig- nified the proceedings against Manassas, helped to capture the "Quaker guns" and afterwards encountered all the torture and exposui'e of the Peninsular Campaign. Within the first month his regiment made its impression on the rebels at Hampton and Young's Mills. He was in siege of Yorklown, Williamsburg and in the seven days in front of Richmond and fought in the Wilderness. He was once in a detail to construct a bridge across the Chickahominy where exposure to the malaria and other dan- gers was great. He participated in the " change of base " of McClellan's army where the regi- ment was the last to cross the river. He was involved in the various changes of the regi- ment and his transfer was made to provide for his promotion to a lieutenancy, but the com- pany had lost too many men to continue to muster and his wound precluded the ultimate completion of the purpose. He was wounded at the battle of Peach Orchard,. June 29th, 1862, the injury being caused by a fragment of shell, which struck him in the right side. He went to tlie field hospital and thence to ( 'arter's Landing, thence by transport to Fortress Mon- roe and, successively^ to the Penn hospital in Philadelphia where he was admitted July 7th. October 5th he went to Harrisburg to be dis- charged as stated. The family physician, sent to Philadelphia to examine his case, communi- cated with his father at Ripon, giving a full and graphic account of his condition, stating that he was in a private hospital wliere patients were treated by contract with the Govei'nment and his chances for recovery were small. He reported him emaciated from a bowel disease and suffering from other serious causes. For a year after leaving the army he was unable to walk except with a cane and has continued its use ever since. He was forced to avoid all business for many months and as soon as practicaljle he resumed the practice of law, having l)een admitted to the Bar of Mara- thon county in the August term of court in 1857. In the same fall he was elected District Attorney and was still discharging the duties of the position when he enlisted. In 1877 he became connected with journalism and is now the editor and proprieter of the paper mentioned, wiiich is one of the leading news- papers in the county. Mr. Barnum is a promi- nent Republican and has served his party valiantly with his tongue and pen. He was married Dec. 6, 1854, to Phebe Rey- nolds, and they are the parents of six surviving children — Charles H., Ada lone, William M., Mark H., May and Bessie G. Carrie died at four, when the father was in the army. Eddie was four when he died and two infant children survived birth hut a short time. The oldest son is married to Bertha Tyler of Door Co., AVis. Their daughter is named Lorella. The oldest daughter is the wife of V. Gearhart of Wausau. Mrs. Barnum was born in Albany, New York. ^RA C. TYRRELL, I' member of G. A. of Marinette, Wis., R. Post No. 207, was (jl born April 1st, 1842, in Holton, Aroos- took Co., Maine. He was the son of John and Mina (Corliss) Tyrrell, and his mother was PERSONAL RECORDS. 281 a native of Luboc, Maine, and died when the son was 5 years old. She was the mother of four children. Susan was married, and her hus- band was a soldier in tlu' "20th Maine. He died soon after the battle of (lettysliurg from wounds received in that action. The husband of Eliza- beth was also a soldier in the Maine regiment and was wounded in action. Mr. Tyri'ell en- listed June 18, 1861, at Holton for two years in the 7th Maine Infantry. The regiment was in rendezvous at Augusta and Mr. Tyrrell was sworn in August 25th and went to Baltimore. The regimental (juarters were in Patterson Park and they built Fort Marshall. They went thence to Washington and next to Torrey's Bridge where they did duty through the winter. In March they started for the Peninsula and .Mr. Tyrrell was in action at the siege of Yorktown. On the night of April IGth he was seized with brain fever while throwing up sand bags for breastworks at Camp Wintield Scott in a drench- ing rain, which was the first time in his life he had required medical treatment; he was trans- ferred from the brigade hospital to Baltimore and soon after received a furlough. He re- joined his regiment July 9th at Harrison's Landing, V^a., where he performed military duty until the command was transferred to the army of Pope. Mr, Tyrrell was on the held dur- ing the .second battle of l>ull Run and was in the retreat to Washington. He was next in ac- tion at South Mountain and again at Antietam where the 7th Maine suffered heavily, necessi- tating the return of the regiment to Maine for recruiting and reorganizing. They went to Portland where Mr. Tyrrell be- came a member of company K, his original company having lost its organization, through losses. He was transferred to the regular army and operated as an artilleryman during the re- mainder of his service. In January 1863, he was sent to Governor's Island, New York, Har- bor, and, in March, he was assigned to Battery K., U. S. Artillery and went into camp at Fal- mouth, Va. He was in the terriljle battle of Chancellorsville and after that action returned to Falmouth and was assigned to the 12th corps, camping at Acquia Creek, and went thence to the battle of Gettysljurg. They were in the command of General Slocum and tiiey commenced tiring from Culp's Hill, Julj 2nd late in the day, working their guns until dark, when they retired to the rear. They were in action again at 4 a. m., their battery being sta- tioned near the Baltimore Pike. On the third day Mr. Tyrrell received a concussion from the artillery tiring which forced the blood from his nose and ears, and went to hospital near Kelly's Ford. The regiment was transferred to the Army of the Cumijerland and the first service in which Mr. Tyrrell was engaged was in the construction of a road to enable supply trains to reach Rosecrans. He was in the fight at Wauhatchie, went thence to Chickamauga and after that Ijattle to the siege of Chattanooga. He fought at Lookout Mountain and Mission Ridge and in January 1864, veteranized at Bridgeport, Ala., and took his veteran's fur- lough. He rejoined his regiment at Nashville, Tenn., where a delay of two months occurred and the command went thence to a point 20 miles from Atlanta. When Sherman started for the sea, the battery returned to Chattanooga and remained there about three months, sub- sisting on three-quarter rations while holding the position. The battery went in November 1865, to Key West, Fla., and, on the way tliere Mr. Tyrrell was taken sick and was sent to Pensacola to consult a physician on the receiv- ing ship, but he refused to remain there and proceeded with his company. He remained in the hospital at Key West and in May was transferred to Tampa, Fla., to escape yellow fever. He was examined and offered a dis- charge but he preferred to finish his time. He was placed on quarantine duty and, in Decem- ber 1866, returned to Key West where he re- ceived honorable discharge, April 13, 1867, after nearly six years military service as a vol- unteer soldier. (This is the longest term of service recorded for a volunteer soldier in this volume.) He returned to Holton, Maine, and had saved 1,200 dollars of his earnings. His father, William Tyrrell, was a soldier in the British army and deserted at Quebec; he went to Bangor, Maine, and enlisted in the 1st Artillery under General Pierce and was attached to the 2nd Infantry under Major Clarke. (Regular Army.) He served in the Mexican war as bugler in the command of General Taj'lor. His son, George C., went with him to the Mexican war when 16 and served as drummer. He enlisted afterwards in the civil war and was under Hooker in tlie Army of the Potomac and in 1863 was made lieutenant and died in 1864 at Newport, R. I. William D. Tyrrell, another son, enlisted in company D, 7th Maine, was transferred with his brother to battery K, U. S. 282 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF Artillery, and was discharged on the same day. Mr. Tyrrell returned from the war to Linneus, Maine, where he married Annie L. Stewart of Miramichi, Northumberland Co., N. B. The marriage was celebrated -July 3, 1867, on the anniversary of Gettysl.)urg. Mr. and Mrs. Tyrrell have two sons, William I. and David F. George W. died August 27, 1884, when within eight days of 15 years old. Mrs. Tyr- rell's father and mother, James and Ann (Allison) Stewart, were both born in New Bruns- wick. In the fall of 1882 Mr. Tyrell removed to Marinette, where he has since resided and he has been constantly in ill health from the in- juries he received in service. One of his reminiscenses is a photograph, still in his pos- session, of General Sherman and his staff sur- rounding the gun he served, a twenty-pounder, the commander leaning on the piece. ••-^>S^-^>t^i^^<5<^-«^5,^-* ILLIAM P. FULLER, Westfield, Manpiette Co., Wis,, member of G. A. R. Post No. 65, was born in Smithfield, R. I., June 26, 1842. When he was seven years old his par- ents removed their family to Blackstone, Worcester Co., Mass. When he was about 17 years old they again removed to Newton, Mar- quette Co., Wis., and he has since been a resi- dent of the Badger State. Caleb Fuller, his father, was born Sep. 9, 1807, and died Oct. 28, 1847. He married Leafy Handy who was born Oct. 31, ISOS, and died June 16, 1881. Mr. Fuller was brought up on a farm until he entered the army. He enlisted August 1, 1862, in Company G, 32nd Wisconsin Infantry, going into camp of ren- dezvous at Oshkosh and was discharged on sur- geon's certificate of disability, the result of a hurt he received before his enrollment as a sol- dier. Feb. 4, 1864, he again enlisted at Har- risville in Company E, 7th Wisconsin Infantry, a part of the "Iron Brigade." From the camp of rendezvous in Madison Mr. Fuller joined the regiment as a recruit at Culpepper C. H. The regiment was a part of the Army of the Poto- mac and preparations were being made for the Virginia campaign which followed in the sum- mer of 1864 and opened by the movements of the several corps under Grant. He was first in action in May in the battle of the Wilderness and fought at Laurel Hill (Spottsylvania C. H.), and he was in the action at North Anna, where he was wounded in the left thigh by the explo- sion of a shell. He went from the field to Fredericksburg and thence to Washington, where he spent about three months in the hos- pital. He was honorably discharged Sep. 5, 1864, for disability and returned to his home at Harrisville, Wis. Nov. 1, 1864, he re-enlisted in Company E, 1st Wiscoaisin Cavalry and joined the re-organ- ized command at Louisville, Ky. He went thence to Bowling Green, where he was or- dered on forced march to Hopkinsville in pursuit of General Lyons, and was in the sharp action which occurred at that place. While on this raid he was not out of his sad- dle more than four hours at a time for a week. They went into camp at Elizabethtown, whither they had pursued a detachment of Lyon's force, and just as they were stripping the horses of equipments an orderly from head- quarters appeared and selected a detail of 20 men to report to Colonel La Grange, prepared to charge the rebels, to whose depredations they put an end. Mr. Fuller next went to winter quarters at Eastport, Miss. March 22nd, the command broke camp to engage in the affair known as Wilson's raid. April 1st, Mr. Fuller was in the action at Centerville and after 40 miles marching the detail captured 15 rebel pris- oners and the next morning encountered a di- vision of rebel cavalry. Several days were spent in marching and after reaching Selma they joined the main column and resumed their movement. April 9th, Mr. Fuller was in another action and four days afterwards Mont- gomery surrendered without resistance. Pro- ceeding on the advance, about two miles from the city the rebels were intrenched in barricades which were situated two miles apart, and a run- ning fight took place while the rebels with- drew from one to the other. They captured 100 and pressed on to West Point, where the regiment dismounted, captured the fort, and moved thence to Macon, Ga. May 6th, the war being terminated, the command, less the detachment of 150 men detailed for the pursuit of Jeff Davis, started Northward and marclied through Georgia and Tennessee, and arrived on the 15th of June on the Tennessee River, PERSONAL RECORDS. 283 opposite Nashville. July 19, 1865, they were mustered out at Edgefield. Mr. Fuller returned to Harrisville and en- gaged in Ikrming ; three years afterward he went to Westfield, where he has since resiiled. He was engaged ten years in the manufacture of wagons and, after selling his business in that relation, he engaged in business as a tan- ner, in which he is still interested, and he also manufactures gloves and mittens. He was married August 8, 1867, to Julia E. Bowen, of Hainsville, Wis.; they have three children born as follows :—Ciiarles A. Nov. 14, 1869; Addie E., Aug. 27, 1874 ; William P., March 3, 1878. Mrs. Fuller was born April 24, 1844, and is the daughier of David C. and Ruth (Handy) Bowen. Her father was an enlisted man in Company D, 12th Wisconsin Infantry, and both parents are living in Clark county. Wis. Incidental to his war record, Mr. Fuller relates that, on one occasion, when it was supposed that the brigade had caged Forest in a ravine, which they were diligently guarding, an orderly rode up with word that Forrest was in another posi- tion, and Company E rode back to learn that Forrest was not in the neighborhood. Mr. Fuller was riding along, asleep in iiis saddle when sometliing caught his mouth and tore his cheek open to his ear. It is needless to say that he was suddenly awakened and found the cause of the accident to be a broken limb hanging from a tree. He is a Republican of decided stamp. OBERT F. PEAK, of Menominee, Mich., member of G. A. R. Post Lj'on, No. 266, was Iwrn Aug. 19, 1846, in Medina, Ohio, and is the son of Dr. U. H. Peak. The latter was a native of Oneida, New York, of old connection with the Empire State. His mother, born Sophia A. Simmons, was a native of the city of New York- and des- cended from the old Ivnickerbock stock, Aneka Jans, the legatee of the estate now owned by Trinty church of New York, having been the sister of her grandmother, and great-grand aunt of Mr. Peak. The family removed from Ohio to Green Bay when the son was an infant and his father was the original owner and settler of Fort Howard and built and run the first steamboat on Fox River. Mr. Peak was reared to manhood at Green Bay, attending the public schools. Later he entered Lawrence University at Appleton and had been there a year when he determined to en- list. Although he regretted the termination of his aspirations for a liberal education, he en- rolled in 1864 in Company G, 36th Wisconsin at Madison for three years. (He had enlisted five times, but his paternal relative to whom he belonged legally made a success of interference on four of these occasions. The fifth time the surgeon rejected him.) He was only 18 when he enrolled "for keeps" making a success the si.xth time. He enrolled as a musician because of his minority, but went into the ranks and carried a musket. The day before leaving the State {May 10th) they received equipments and went to Washington without military drill whatever. Orders were received to proceed to Belle Plain and the Colonel, Frank A. Haskell, protected their undisciplined situation by plac- ing guards over them and the\' proceeded to their destination to relieve veterans guarding prisoners. The orders to relieve the veterans were disregarded by the colonel who marched his regiment to the Wilderness, where fighting was in progress under Grant, and they took position in the action at Spotsjd- vania. Tlie regiment was assigned to the corps of General Hancock, went to the North Anna, crossed the Mata]>ony, supported a battery and during six days were in coi:stant line of battle. They crossed the Pamnmkey River and fought at Tolopotomy Creek. June 1st, his company was in the skirmish line and, with three others, encountered the rebels in force alone and un- supported. More than one half were wounded or killed. Two days later, Mr. Peak fought at Cold Harbor where he received a wound in the calf of his leg ; he went to the field hospital and was sent on a transport to White House Land- ing and tlience to Patterson Park liuspital at Baltimore. He had there an attack of infiam- matory rheumatism following chronic diarrhea, these difficulties reducing him in weiglit to 94 pounds. He obtained a furlough through the mediation of Mrs. Harriman of Baltimore, a relative. She was assisted in the matter by Mrs. Spears, the President of a ladies' aid society, and to them Mr. Peak owes his life. He received a 30-day furlough and came to Wisconsin, ac- companied by \[rs. Harriman, as he was too weak to travel alone and he arrived at Green Bay in a very exhausted state. His furlough was extended 30 days and he returned to Balti- more. He remained in the hospital as a nurse 284 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF and ward-master two weeks, joining his regi- ment the night befoi'e tlie first battle of Hatch- er's Run. He was in the fight there and in all the subsequent actions in which the regiment took part. (At Ream's Station the regiment lost its colors, the color-bearer planting the staff in the ground and fell and died lieside them.) At Hatclier's Run they took six stands of colors and captured more men than their own organ- ization had in the field. There General Gib- bons presented to the 36th the stand of new National colors in place of those of which he deprived them unjustly after Ream's Station. Mr. Peak received honorable discharge at Mad- ison July 14th, after passing through the clo.s- ing scenes at AVashington, which place the re- giment entered just a year from the day of its first arrival there. Hillman AV., a brother, was an enlisted man in a Wisconsin regiment. Mr. Peak returned to Green Bay and entered the emplo}^ of the C. & N. W. railroad corpora- tion, engaging in the freight depot as a clerk and served a time learning the business of a machinist. He removed next to South Bend, Ind., and became member of a stock companj' engaged in the manufacture of furniture, known as the "Knoblock". Two and a half years later he returned to Fort Howard and engaged in the tin and sheet iron trade in which he has since been interested. He made his first entrance into Menominee in 1881 and remained 19 months, after which he traveled in Utah and Arizona and rode 800 miles on horseback through the Rockies, his trip consuming two years, after wliich he returned to Menominee. Green Bay is the place of interment of his father's family and he considers that his home. He was married June 14, 1868 to Ruth A. Hackney, and their children are named Uriah H and Robert William. His wife is de- ceased and is buried in Dakota. She was born in New Jersey. ^^^ETH SUMNER, a farmer residing at ^^^ Brillion, Calumet Co., Wis., was born ^^^;Feb. 25, 1822, in Plymouth, Windsor Co., Vt., and is a member of G. A. R. Post No. 222, at Brillion. His father, Seth Sumner, was a native of Massachusetts and married Chloe Kingsbury. They became the parents of 14 children, all of whom died be- tween infancy and tlie age of 56, except the son, who is represented in this sketch. He was reared to the calling of a farmer in the Green Mountain State, and in 1856 came to Wis- consin. Aug. 29, 1861, he enli.sted in a regiment to be called the 1st U. S. Regiment of Mechanics and Fusileers, rendezvousing in Chicago (after- wards numbered the 56th Illinois) and the en- listed men to be credited to their res2)ective States. As fixst as they arrived at Ciiicago they were assigned to duty in building Camp Douglas and the barracks there, but on being mustered found they had been deceived and the State credit was not to be carried out. The officers attempted compulsion, and Company A, to which Mr. Sumner belonged, made a test; flatly refusing to muster as Illinois soldiers, they were taken into custody. The matter was settled liy an Order from the War Department, disbanding the regiment, and they were left without pay for two months and without money in most instances. Mr. Sumner was ill while there, from exposure, and almo.st entirely lost his hearing, and suffering also from lung troubles. He endeavored to enlist, successively in the 14th and 21st Wisconsin regiments, but was rejected by the examining surgeon to whom he offered |50 to pass him. He enlisted previously at Manitowoc and was discharged Jan. 20, 1862, at Camp Douglas. While in the barracks, there was much sickness and death among the soldiers from measles and small pox. On coming to Wisconsin, Mr. Sumner lo- cated, in 1857, at Brillion where he has ever since resided. He is a prominent landholder and a respected citizen. On taking possession of his farm, he built a sawmill, which was afterwards destroyed by fire involving a loss of four thousand dollars without insurance. He was married Sep. 2, 1846, to Roxana Burditt. " She died April 10, 1850, leaving two children — Martha and Eliza; he was again married in February 1851, to Louisa Eastman, who died in 1870, leaving three children — Frances, Harrison and Edwin. Martha J., oldest daughter, married Charles Petty, and they liave had five children — Bird, Jay, Adelia and a twin son and daughter. The former, Roy, is living. The latter died at birth. Eliza, second daughter, married Jacob Ward of Ply- mouth, Vt., and their children are three in PERSONAL RECORDS. 285 number. Frances married Thomas Benliam, and they have one daughter. Harrison, a ?on, hving in N'ermout, is married and has two cliildren. Edwin, youngest son, died in April, lcS87. Mr. Sumner was married Feb. 14, bS7<), to Charlotte M. De Long. TEPHEN C. GOULDSBURY, deceased, formerly a resident of Wisconsin and a soldier of the civil war, who died while in the service, was born May 21, 1818, at Rutland, Vt. He remained in his native State until he grew to manhood, and he was married in 1846, after which he lived three years at AuSable Forks. In 1851, lie removed his family West and after residing in Aurora, 111., one year, he located at Mukwa, Wis. He removed thence after two years to Stevens Point and, after a short residence, went succes- sively to Alosinee and Mukwa, where his family still reside on the farm. Mr. Gouldsbury enlisted Dec. 20, 1861, in Company K, 17th Wisconsin Infantry, and he went with his regiment into camp of rendez- vous at Fond du Lac and thence to Madison. In April, he went to St. Louis witli the com- mand and thence to Pittsburs Landing. Mr. thence to Pittsburg Landing Gould.sburv was taken sick with cold which re- sulted in bowel complaint of serious character, and he was sent to the hospital at St. Louis, where he died May 2, 1862. He v/as married at the date mentioned to Drusilla, daughter of •lohn and Mary (Drown) Hawkins. Mrs. Goulds- bury, who survives her husband, was born in St. Albans, Vt., Dec. 24, 1819, and remained witii her parents until she was 18 years of age, when she went to live in Franklin, New York. WILLIAM T. STEWART, of Pesh- tigo. Wis., member of Post No. 207, G. A. R. at Marinette, was l)orn Dec. 9, 1839, in Spring- field, Sangamon Co., Illinois. He is the son of Walter and Esti)er (Walden) Stewart and in 1852 moved from Illinois to Wisconsin, where he went to school. He has been engaged in farming most of his life but changed that call- ing for that of a miller in 1881 and has since operated in that line of liusiness. He enlisted in February, 1865, in Company F, 29th U. S. Colored Infantry, Captain Willard E. Taggart, enrolling in the service at Chicago for one year. He received honorable discharge Nov. 6, 1865, at Brownville, Texas, in accord- ance with an Order from the War Department in September, of the same year. Mr. Stewart joined the regiment as a recruit making con- nection with the Army of the Potomac at Cul- pejiper C. H. whence he proceeded to take part in the closing actions in the vicinity of Peters- urg, and was in the scrimmage at Dutch Gap where Butler made liis celebrated canal. After the actions in the taking of Petersburg he fol- lowed the movements of the armj' in the final actions, and witnessed the surrender and col- lapse of the rebellion at Appomattox C. H. Later his regiment was sent to the Department of the South and he was in the final movements in Texas and received discharge as stated. He returned to Wisconsin and has resided at Peshito since. He married Eliza Thornton and their only child is a son named Vay who is the pride and hope of his parents. They have taken the utmost care to prepare him for a life of usefulness arid honor and at this writ- ing (1888) he is completing his final course of study at Ripon College. Two brothers of Mrs. Stewart fought in the civil war. Samuel F. Thornton was killed in the fight at Fort Fisher in April, 1865. Mr. Stewart is of mixed In- dian extraction and has gained for himself and family a position which is attainable to all classes in tlie Republic. He enjoys the esteem of the community of which he is a member in proportion to his character of integrity and probity and is classed among the respected citizens of Peshtigo. He is Chaplain of Post No. 207, at Marinette. *i^^'^«^-»"^5«f-* YRON F. HUBBARD, a citizen of Pittsville, Wood Co., Wisconsin, and a member of G. A. R. Po.st No. 7.3, was born Feb. 20, 1825, Onondaga Co., New York, and is the son of Cyrus and Laura (Wright) Hubbard. The former was a .soldier of 1812, and fought in the battle of Ogdensburg. His grandfather, in Pompey, 286 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF Daniel Hubbard, and tlie lather of the latter were soldiers of the Revolution. His grand- father and great grandfather " Wliitman " were also soldiers in the Revolution. In June, 1846, Mr. Hubbard removed from hi.s native State to Wisconsin, where he has been connected with the advancement of the Badger State from its territorial days. He came hither in the year in which he attained his majority, and engaged in mercantile business. He enlisted Sept. 30, 1861, in the 10th Wisconsin Infantry, and was enrolled as musician. He enlisted at LaCrosse for three years, and was connected with the re- giment as a musician until regimental bands were abolished by special order, and was dis- charged Feb. 12,1862. He returned to Wiscon- sin and, under orders from Governor Randall, reported for duty in the SOtli Wisconsin Infan- try Oct. ISth, having been commissioned 2nd Lieutenant of Company K. He was promoted to 1st Lieutenant April 9, 1864, and was hon- orably disciiarged Sept. 20, 1865, at Louisville, Ky. Wliile connected with tiie 10th Wiscon- sin Infantry, Mr. Hubbard was in the engage- ment at Perry ville, which tooic place before he had been in military life a year. Previously he had participated in the movements of the command. After his enrollment in tlie 30th Wisconsin Infantry, he was on t5» '-J»t^;^^>« OHN JONES, Grand Rapids, Wis., mem- ber of G. A. R. Post No. 22, was born April 15, 1836, in Kredshra, Norway. He came in youtli to America with his parents, landing at New York and proceeding to Racine County, Wisconsin, where he was brought up on a farm and he has been engaged in agricultural pursuits all his life. He is the owner of a farm situated 20 miles from Grand Rapids in Juneau county. His father died when he was 11 years old and he was apprenticed by his mother to learn the fuller's trade with Wil- liam Hovey, a woolen manufacturer of Water- foi'd, with whom he remained until the property was de.stroyed when he returned to his mother and took a farm. He went from Racine to Adams county, where he "entered" a farm in company with his motherand, whenit was sold, "entered" another place in Wood county near . Grand Rapids. Three years later, he sold the farm and went into the lumber woods. He enlisted Se]). 14, 1861, at Grand Rapids in Company G, Pith Wisconsin Infantry, for three years and received final discbarge July 16, 1865, at Louisville. He went from Camp Randall to Quincy, 111., crossing the river to Hannibal, proceeding thence to Weston, where he made a stay of three weeks and was engaged in a fruitless expedition of three days after the guerrilla Gordon. He went next to Fort Leavenworth and started foi- Fort Scott, march- ing to Lawrence and wading a swamp 12 miles in length. He went next to F'ort Riley, expect- ing to go to New Mexico, but returned to Fort Leavenworth and went down the river expect- ing to hglit at Pittsburg Landing. But the bat- tle was over and they stopped at Columbus and during the staj' there two distinct shocks of earthquake occurred. The next service of Mr. Jones was to Sabine River where he was on guard duty on railroads and many of the command became infected with the naalariaof the swamps. Whiskey was ordered for the men and the ab- stainers made over their rations to the drinkers who determined to have more whiskey, and stole a barrel of it, which they hid in the river. PERSONAL RECORDS. 287 The ddctor concluded that tlie command was cured and this medicine was cut off. The next removal of Mr. .Tones was to Humboldt, Tenn., where the summer was sj)cnt in scouting and skirmishing. The 2nd Tennessee Cavalry, sta- tioned there without arms, were under their pro- tection. Mr. .Jones was in a scouting expedition under Captain Langworthy of Company G, and went to Huntington to disperse guerrillas, who were annoying the Union people. Mr. .Jones was taken sick and was left at Huntington and staid at the house of a Dr. Hutchinson three days. He then started on a mule for Hum- boldt; 70 miles distant to travel alone through an unknown country in which rebel and Union skirmishing parties were abundant. In the forenoon of the first day he encountered seven men who took his equipments from him. It was pi'Oposed to take him prisoner, but one of them remarked that they liad nu use for a .sick Yankee and he was released. He camped that niglit in the woods, not daring to apply at a house and he suffered greatly from exposure. He started at daylight and traveled until noon, having had no supper or breakfast. He was compelled to ajiply at a house for relief and the inraa'es treated liim with great kindness, urg- ing him to remain with them until he was better. The man of the house was a refugee and he remained there three days, when he started again on his journey, provided with food. Alter he had traveled about three hours he encountered three rebels, who took liis mule and blouse and compelled him to go l)ack nearly \0 mile.s, when he became so sick, he could go no farther and they threatened to shoot him. They l)ecame convinced that he was going to die and left liim, after taking his last corn dodger from his pocket. He man- aged to crawl to a negro hut about a mile away, where an old negro woman made him some gruel and kept him through the night. She divided her corn bread with liim in the morn- ing and he started again for Humboldt, en- countering the Union picket line of cavalry. His illness increased and he was sent to the hospital at Bolivar, Tenn., and three months later rejoined his regiment at Camp Butler near Memphis. During his stay at Bolivar, VanDorn tlireatened the place and the conval- escents were placed under arms for its defense. The command was sent to join Grant before A'icksburg and proceeded thither by way of Milliken's Bend to Grand (Julf, 28 miles below \'ieksburg. The mortar boats ihat had run past the batteries were shelling Vicksburg. When the mortars were discluirged the concus- sion of the air seemed to lift the men from their feet and they could read a paper in the light of the firing. The regiment moved to the rear of Vicksburg, participating in the siege and after the surrender proceeded to the cap- ture of .Jackson. i\Ir. Jones was again taken sick and was in the field hosj>ital three months, after which he was in the destructive move- ment known as the Meridian expedition. On the return, the command captured and de- stroyed railroad stock, including nine locomo- tives and brought the bells to camp for fun. The winter of 1803-4 was spent in skirmish- ing with guerrillas, during which Mr. Jones was in an expedition under General Gresham. In January, ]8()4, he veteranized and in April received his veteran's furlough, and on rejoin- ing his regiment made connection with Sher- man's army at Ackworth and passed through the actions subsequent and prior to the siege of Atlanta, including several hard battles about Atlanta and those at Big Shanty, Marietta and Jonesboro, after which he was in the chase of Hood and went thence to Savannah and through the Carolinas and Virginia to tlie termination at Washington. He returned to Grand Rapids and engaged in farming. He was married August 2, 1860, to Jane E. Ward and they have six children, named Nellie A., Dana M., William T., Minnie, Arthur and Edith. When Arthur was 14 3'ears old he was accidentally wounded, his right leg being shot off. Silas H. Ward, brother of Mrs. Jones, was a soldier of the 7tli Wiscon- sin and was wounded at the battle of the Wil- derness. A brother-in-law, Alpheus Coon, was in the 18th Wisconsin and was killed at Pitts- burg Landing. Mrs. Jones was born in Mercer Co., Pennsylvania. In 1866, Mr. Jones went to Iowa and located on a farm where he remained until 1879, when he removed to his farm in Waushara county and, in 1886, removed to Grand Rapids to educate his children. His farm is under advanced improvement with good buildings and is well stocked. While stoning up a well in Iowa, Mr. Jones was in- jured and lost his right eye. He is the son of Ole and Arena (.Jensen) Johnston. He ac- quired the name of Jones through the perver- 288 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF sioii of his father's name and has been known by it in America. After the death of his father, his mother returned to Norway. ACOB HARRISON COOK, a prominent business man and citizen of Appleton, Wis., and the first commander of Geo. D. Eggleston Post, G. A. R. No. 133, was born Feb. 14, 1841. in Toronto, Canada. His parents, William and Jane (McGarvey) Cook, were natives respectively of Toronto and Philadelphia. In the paternal line he is of German descent and on the mother's side is of Scotch lineage. The first twelve years of Mr. Cook's life were passed in the Dominion and, in 1853 he came to Wisconsin with his father's family, locating in Fond du Lac. There he completed his education and grow to manhood with an understanding of his responsibilities as a citizen of the Republic. That period in Na- tional afifiiirs developed the spirit which estab- lished the perpetuity of the Union, and Mr. Cook became imbued with the inttueuces that ruled the hour and which characterized Wis- consin, making her one of the foremost of the States to make ready to aid in the inevitable crisis. Companies were raised all over the Badger State within the first days after the 12th of April, 1861, and local militia was organ- ized and recruited for the business of war. At Fond du Lac the "North Star Rifles" were raised as an independent company, designed to be incorporated in the first regiment that left the State, but that organization was filled in- stantaneously, so to speak. Mr. Cook enlisted in the "Rifles" April 26th, but the General Or- der abolishing such companies put an end to its existence as the "North Star Rifles" and, re- turning to Fond du Lac, on the 10th of May the entire company re-enlisted as a solid organ- ization and was assigned to the Fifth Wiscon- sin Infantry. At the time of the mus- tering of the Wisconsin 1st, there were enough companies awaiting assignment to complete four regiments. Mr. Cook enrolled in I Company for three years and, on its forma- tion was made 2nd Sergeant. Later he was promoted to Orderly Sergeant and Nov. 16, 1861, received his commission as Second Lieu- tenant, to be promoted to 1st Lieutenant soon after and, May 12, 1863, he was commissioned Captain of Company I and was mustered out as .such at Annapolis, Md., Sept. 26, 1864 on ac- count of disability from a wound, under a Gen- eral Order from the War Department. The Wisconsin 5th joined the Army of the Potomac and its first war experiences are fully told, when it is stated that it was involved in the move- ments inaugurated by McClellan under the pressure of the cry, "On to Richmond". Mr. Cook's first engagement was at Williamsburg and he was one of the detail that made the famous bayonet charge on Fort Magruder, the first in the war. The capture of the battle fiag of the 5th North Carolina by the 5th Wisconsin in that action, was one of the first instairces in the war when a regimental flag was taken. McClellan gave tlie credit of the victory at Williamsburg to the Wisconsin 5th and 6th Maine, in the only speech he ever made to re- gimental organizations, and which will be found in the sketch of John E. Leykom. Mr. Cook was in all the actions known to history as the Seven Days Battles, being constantly on duty throughout, with the exception of a few hours on Friday, June 27th. He continued unhurt until the last terrific action. At White Oak Swamp, June 30, he was severely injured in his back and sustained a rupture on the left side. He was under treatment at Washington Naval Hospital two months and through the winter following he served on court martial duty ; he rejoined his regiment near Alexandria in time to participate in the movements at Freder- icksburg, where the Wisconsin 5th was deployed to act as reserve. Early in 1863, the "Light Divi- sion" was formed, and the regiment incorporated therein, having a well established reputation for reliability in action and emergencies, and the regiments composing that body, were, from that day placed where danger was most certain. May 3rd, Mr. Cook participated in the charge on Marye's Heights, regarded as a hopeless at- tempt, but which the spirit of the soldiers made successful, and he was again in the reserve at Gettysburg. In July the regiment was sent to New York to aid in the enforcement of the draft and was stationed on Governor's Island several months where the command had artillery drill which served them well in their subsequent ex- perience in action. At Rappahannock Station the "5th" led the advance and suffered terriffic loss. The fight at Spottsylvania was com- menced May 10th, 1864, and, on that day Mr. Cook received a blow in the right eye from some X)^. &B. a SB'i^L PERSONAL RECORDS. 289 unknown missile, which caused great suffering at the time and has resulted in the almost total loss of vision in that eye. He did not leave his post of duty and, two days after, with four others, during the daring movement made l)y General Hancock re-took and operated a gun which the squad had discovered to be aban- doned. They sighted the gun and, afterwards learned that their first tire swept away 42 men in line of battle. They tired their six-pounder until all the shot in the caisson were exliausted, and three of their number had joined the "great majority," Captain Cook and Adelbert Norton only remaining to relate the incident. In the battle of Cold Harbor in June, Captain Cook was severely wounded, a bullet passing through his right thigh, which still "holds the fort." He passed three days in an army wagon before ar- riving at White House Landing, and three days after at Alexandria, Va., he first received medi- cal care, six days after being shot. He was in hospital about two months, and went home on a furlough, returning to Annapolis to be dis- charged, as stated. When the "Independent Battalion" of three companies was organized, pending the reorganization of the "5th," Cap- tain Cook was made captain of Company B, and sustained the' rank without being able to go to the field with the command and was succeeded by Captain C. D. Moore in November, when the reconstructed regiment joined the battalion in the valley of the Shenandoah. Before Captain Cook enlisted he was inter- ested in farming at Stockbridge, and he re- turned there after leaving the armj' and passed five years in the vain endeavor to prosecute the same business. It became evident that he could never resume active labor from the nature of the injuries he had sustained, and he returned to Fond du Lac and studied phar- macy. He established a drug business at Unity, Wis., in 1873, and in 1883 removed his interests to Appleton, where he has since prosecuted a successful business in the sale of drugs. In 1880, while at Unity, he organized a company of National Guards. He was married Aug. 26, 1864, to Anne E. Halstead. Four of their children are living — Jennie A., Harry W., Leslie and J.Harold. Anna Estella and lUmaare deceased. Mrs. Cook was born in Wisconsin of parents who were natives of the State of New York. Three brothers of Mrs. Cook were soldiers in the civil war. Luther Halstead enlisted in the 3(3th Wisconsin and was killed in action at Cold Harbor, Va. David W. Halstead enlisted in the 2nd Wisconsin Cavalry and was dis- charged for disabilities incurred in the service. Charles H. enlisted in Company I, 5th Wiscon- sin, and received honorable discharge on account of wounds sustained in the battle of Spotsylva- nia, where a minie ball struck him in the right shoulder. EN. CYRUS BRETT, a prominent physician of Green Bav, Wis., Sur- geon of G. A. R. Post No. 124,(1888) was born August 23, 1835, at Strong, Franklin Co., Maine. He is the son of Cyrus H. and Mary (Hunter) Brett. His grandfather was an early settler of Massachusetts and his grandmother in the paternal line was a de- scendant of the Puritan, John Alden. The mother of Dr. Brett was l)orn in Strong, Me., and her father, James Hunter, belonged to the Scotch-Irish race and was a descendant of the emigrants from the North of Ireland to New England in 1719, after a century of endurance, following their emigration from Scotland to the Emerald Isle. Dr. Brett passed the early years of his life in Strong, in Augusta and in Aroos- took county where he operated two years in the pine woods with his father, who was engaged in the lumber business. His early educational advantages were limited to a cour.se of study in the high school at Augusta and afterwards he attended the public schools of Strong and Philip's. When he was 21 he commenced to read medicine under the direction of John A. Richards, M. D., of Strong and afterwards at- tended lectures in the ^ledical Department of Bowdoiu College, Brunswick, Me. He went thence to Dartmouth College of Hanover, N. H., whence he was graduated and went to the city of New York, where he passed 18 months at the Demilt Dispensary and received the benefit of clinics and hospital practice. He was still in New York when the civil war came on and was preparing to remove to Wis- consin. He went to Platteville, Grant county, in the summer of 1861 and commenced his practice in the mining town of Highland, Iowa county, and, in the fall of 1862, was commis- sioned A.ssistant Surgeon of the 21st Wi.sconsin Infantry. He made connection with his reg- 290 S0LDIER8' ALBUM OF inient soon after tlie battle of Perry ville and re- mained with the command nearly three years, when he resigned on account of the illness of his wife. He had previously received a com- jnission as surgeon of the 17th Wisconsin, but did not muster. After the battle of Stone River he was detailed as an operater in the hospitals and also after the battle of Chick- amauga. After the numerous battles in which the 21st was engaged, he performed duty in the field hospitals, afterwards rejoining his reg- iment and was present in the actions at Hoover's Gap, Mission Ridge, Resaca, Dallas, Big Shant}', Kenesaw and in the siege of Atlanta. He was with the regiment in its march to Savannah, where he severed his connection with the com- mand. Oil his return to Wisconsin lie located at Brodhead and practiced his profession seven years. In July, 1872, he established his business at Green Bay and at once entered upon a pop- ular and prosjierous practice. In 188o lie was appointed U. S. Examining Surgeon for jiensions for Wisconsin, and, in the summer of 1887, he was made President of the United States Ex- amining Board of Surgeons which was formed at Green Bay in that year. He is President of the Brown County Medical Society and also of the Fox River Valley Medical Society. He is a member of the Wisconsin State Medical So- ciety and has been Health Officer at Green Bay .eight years. He was married April 19, 1861, to Lucy W. Eastman of Hallowell, Me.; their surviving children are Annie E., Fred N., Jennie M., and James R. Frank, oldest son, died at seventeen. William H. Eastman, father of Mrs. Brett, is a brother of Ben. C. Ea.stman, who has been prominent in the history of Wisconsin for more than 40 years. He was secretary of the Terri- torial Legislature in 1845 and 184G and re- presented the 2nd District of Wisconsin in the 32nd Congress in 1851-3. Dr. Brett represents the intelligent, cultivated, energetic element of the East which sought in the West a field for the development and ap- plication of educational capacity and ambitious desires not found in the crowded and restricted limits of the older portions of tlie United States. He brought to Wisconsin the spirit he inher- ited from his mother's and father's ancestral stock and has conducted all his relations with the community to which he belongs with the sturdy honesty, persistence and energy which characterized his forbears. Dr. Brett is a member of the Loyal Legion of Honor and is active in all that jiertains to the advancement of the cause for which he fought. His portrait appears on page 288 and is copied from a photograph taken in 1888. •►-:^t^ -^t^^^'^^*^ «^5d Wisconsin Cavalry, and both are still living. A brother-in-law, Kipley J. Rich- ards, was a member of the company E, 2nd Wis- consin. John R. Nichol, another brother-in- law, was an enlisted man of the 3d Wisconsin Cavalry. Eleazor Dexter, the brother of Mrs. Turney, was a soldier of the Mexican war and enlisted in the war of the rebellion. Mr. Turney was married Feb. 3, 1851, to Emily Rogers. In 1859 she died, leaving a daughter, named Emma. Dec. 25, 1S67, he was married to Francis Dexter, and they have three children — J. C, Maud and Dell. Emma is' the wife of William Struck and the mother of three children. Mr. Turney is a man of sturdy, reliable char- acter. He has seen much rough life in the woods and has found .strange companions therein. Indians and wild beasts have made close acquaintance with him, and he has a per- sonal understanding of all the exigencies of pioneer life. He has also earned the confidence of his contemporaries by his straight forward- ne.ss and rectitude. He has ofhciated as Chair- man of the county of Outagamie from the town of Liberty, and has served as Supervisor from New London in Waupaca county. -j»t>-i>t>>^<^« ^;^ AMUEL M'. CHAMBERLAIN, Antigo, T^ Wis., Adjutant of G. A. R. Post No. 'o_^ 78^ (1888) is a native of Ellsworth, Hancock Co. Maine., and was born Aug. 31, 1843. His parents, John D. and Mary F. (Webber) Chamberlain, were also born in the Pnie Tree State, and, on both sides, the an- cestors were soldiers of the Revolution. Mr. Chamberlain has been a resident of Wisconsin since he was nine years old, his parents remov- ing in 1852 to a farm in Waupaca county. He inherited the patriotism of his sires and, early in the course of the civil war, enlisted Aug. (i, 1862, at Rural, Waupaca county in Company G, 21st Wisconsin Infantry, enrolling for three years. The story of the 21st has often ])een retold on these pages, but always with renewed fresh- ness. Mr. Chamberlain was first in action at Perryville, after enduring all the hardships of the trenches at Covington and Louisville. The roster of his liattles includes also the skirmish at .Jefferson Pike just before the battle of Stone River, Stone River, Hoover's Gap, Dug Gap, Ciiickamauga, Mission Ridge, Buzzard's Roost, Resaca, New Hope Church, Pumpkin Vine Creek, Kenesaw Mountain, Peach Tree Creek, Atlanta, Jonesboro, Savannali and Bentonville. In Nov- ember, 18()2, he again endured exposure and privations, and in April, 1863, was detailed as Orderly at Brigade Headquarters on the escort of (leneral Starkweather. In November of the same year he was made Brigade Postmaster, in which position he operated until the first of May in the following year, when he rejoined his company preparatory to active service as mentioned. In July, 1864, he was detailed to act as Orderly on the personal stafi" 292 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF of Colonel Hol)ai't, in which capacity he acted through the Atlanta campaign and on the sub- sequent marches, after which he was a partici- pant in the Grand Review at Washington. The only hospital experience of Mr. Chambei'- lain was at Bowling Green, Ky., whither he went on sick leave, Nov. 4, 1862, and rejoined ills regiment at Nashville, Dec. 6th following, reaclniig there a day in advance of the com- mand, and slept at night on the .stone floor of the Cajiitol, suffering greatly with the cold. At Chickamauga,. Sept. 20th, his horse was shot under him, the bullet narrowly escaping his leg- After the war he went to Pennsylvania and operated as an engineer in the oil regions, six miles from Oil City. In 1866 he came to Eureka, Winnebago Co., Wis., and engaged as a carpenter and builder until 1875, when he went to Marquette, Mich., and assumed charge of the lumber yard of A. S. Trow & Co., and was occupied until the spring of 1882, the date of his removal to Antigo. He is a farmer and also operates as a carpenter. He is Town Clerk of Antigo and has acted as such three years. While at Marquette, he served Jour successive yeai'S in the same capacity, resigning his posi- tion on removal. He was married Oct. 2"), 1868, to (ihloe Ingalls, and they liave four children — Louis D., Bessie G., Alvin S. and J. D. Webb. Daniel and Elizaljetli D. (Jones) Ingalls, the parents of Mrs. Chamberlain, were born respectively in Whilt'hall and near Ticon- derga. New York. William and Benjamin Ingalls, her uncles, were soldiers in the late war. The former was killed in action. John H., brother of Mr. Chamberlain, was Orderly Sergeant in Company A, 42nd Wisconsin In- fantry. ♦-^>i^'»-j»i^*^^<5.^- >^*c^ ILLIAM CONNER, a citizen of Stevens Point, and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 156, was born Jan. 25, 1841, in Worcester, Massachusetts. He is tlie son of Edmund Con- ner who was horn in Worcester, Ma.ss., in 1801, and was the son of Edmund who was the son Jason. The fatlier of the latter was born in Scotland and came to America in 1793 locating in Boston. The grandfather of Mr. Conner was a soldier in the Revolution and also in 1812 and the grandson has the old Queen Anne musket he carried when a soldier. Mr. Con- ner, of this sketch, was trained as a farmer and butcher on his father's homestead until he was 16 years old wlien he obtained work in a roll- ing mill in his native town. He remained more than four years and was still at work in that place when the rebellion called the able- bodied men of the North to the defense of the Union. To Mr. Conner belongs the honor of being a member of the first regiment that re- sponded to the call of the president for assist- ance. He was a member of Company G, 6th Massachusetts State Militia whose mem- bers enrolled in a body for three months ser- vice, and two days after the United States flag ceased to float at Sumter, the regiment mus- tered on Boston Common, and within a week after the attack, the regiment was in Baltimore on the way to Washington. In passing through the cit}^, the locomotive was detached from the train, which was drawn through the city by horses, under assaults of the most aggravating character. Company G was on the portion of the train which was drawn through the city while four companies wei'e left behind, who marched through the sti'eets on foot, commanded by Captain Albert S. Follans- bee, now a resident of livanston. 111. (Captain Follansbee has placed at the disposal of the Grand Army Publishing Company of Chicago a certilied statement of the action of that day in the streets of Baltimore in which flowed the fir.st blood and in which the first life was .sacri- ficed in defense of the Union.) Marshal Kane of Baltimore was in the streets while the mob was at the height of excitement and distin- guished himself as the most useless individual, who made himself conspicuous in that quality during the course of the war. He remarked, on seeing the soldiers of the Massachusetts 6tli, that the North would need to send better men than those. Latei', when the brilliant qualities of Marshal Kane became fully demonstrated through investigation by the United States authorities and it was decided to appropriatel}' recognise his distinguished services in behalf of the country of which he was an official, Mr. Conner haoro, N. C, where he was in the actions on the line of the Weldon railroad. He was there wounded in his left arm by a gunshot and was sent to Newbern Barracks hospital and received a 30-day furlough which was extended to a similar period, after which he was mustered out at Boston, March 30, 1863. (Jn his recovery he resumed his former employment in the rolling mill and on the call for " 300,000 more," he enlisted a third time in Company A, 1st Massachusetts Cavalry as a recruit. He joined the regiment at Warren- ton, Va., and was with Sheridan in the com- mand of Grant in the campaign in Virginia in the summer of 1864. Mr. Conner was in the actions in which the cavalry force under Sher- idan participated and was in the battles of the Wilderness of 1864, in the actions about Peters- burg, and on the railroad, destroying routes and supplies while advancing towards Rich- mond. Mr. Conner was constantly in action in the battles and skirmishes in the pursuit of Lee until Sheridan came back from Winchester after " licking the rebels out of their Ijoots," when he was in the battles of Five Forks, Sutherland Station, and in the advance to Ap- pomattox, where he witnessed the surrender of Lee. After hostilities Inid ceased he went to Washington and participated in the Grand Re- view and was mu.stered out July 19, 1865, at Cloud's Mill's, D. C. After release from his military obligations, Mr. Conner engaged in the butcher's business at Worce.ster. Later, he sold out and went to Texas, where he engaged in railroad employ and was afterwards on the Union Pacific ; he went next to Iowa, where he was in the same business. His next situation was on the Den- ver Pacific and Kansas Pacific railroads, act- ting as fireman on construction trains. He came to Wisconsin in 1871, and engaged with the Wisconsin Central corporation, remaining in that eonnection 10 years and three months. He otfieiated in the capacity of roadraaster of that company and went next to enter the employ of the Ontonagon & Brule River rail- road company. Five months afterwards, he engaged with the Northern Pacific company and was walking Ijoss with H. Clark tt Co., for eight months. He then returned to Wisconsin and, after an interval of four years, entered the employ of the G. B. W. & St. P. R. R. asroadmaster, remaining there nine months. He terminated his connection witli railroad la- bor in May, 1887. He was married December 24, 1872, to Lucy A. F., daughter of Warren and Betsy A. (Thomas) .Jenney. She was born in Massachu- setts and her family removed to W'eyauwega, Wis., in 1851. Mr. and Mrs. Conner have had five children, of whom only one is living — Alfred L., born April 6, 1882 ; Edward W. was born April 21, 1874, and died Dec. 4, 1882 ; Abbie E. was born Dec. 3, 1875, and died Sept. 17, 1876 ; Ernestine M. was born June 30, 1877, and died Dec. 9, 1880 ; Lucy R. was born Dec. 22,1880, and died April 4, 1882. Mrs. Conner is a lineal descendant of Sir Richard Townley, an Englishman whose daughter Mary married John Lawrence of Ashton Hall, despite her fatiier's opposition. She came with her hus- band to America, settled at Walpole, Mass., in 1738, and, on her sister's death inherited her father's immense estates. She had two chil- dren who survived : — .lonathan and Mary Townley-Lawrence. The latter married a man named Euer and her daughter, Mary Elizabeth, married Caleb Jenney. Benjamin, first born chill] of this union, married Sarali Fuller, a memlier of a famous famil}' in Ma.ssachusetts. Warren, their (jldest child, married BetS}' Ann Thomas, tlie mother of Mrs. Conner,who washer third child. The heirs of the magnificent es- tates of Mary Townley-Lawrence are likely to 294 SOLDIERS ALBUM OF New receive the benefit of a distribution, their claim having been estabhslied and recognized ill tlie Enghsh courts. •-isw^ -^t^S^^t IDNEY S. HALL, M. D., a pliysician at Ripon, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 199, was born March 1, 1844, at East Bloomfield, Ontario York. In both Hnes of descent he represents the early settlers in Massachusetts, his earliest traceable ancestor in his father's line, having come with the Puritans from Eng- land under John Winthrop, and assisted in tlie founding of Boston in 1630. His ancestor, Nathaniel Hall, was a British captain in tlie Revolution, and lived at Barnstable, Mass. His father, Dr. Storrs Hall, is a physician at Rosen- dale, Wis. The latter married Martha Eliza- beth Scribner, who belongs to the family made conspicuous as publishers; the house of Charles Scribner's Sons being founded by her cousin. The late Emory Storrs of Chicago belonged to one line of the Hall family. The parents of Dr. Hall came to Wisconsin in 1851, when he was seven years old, and located at Rosendale. The son attended .school in that place, and in 1863 entered the Medical Department of the University of Michigan, at Ann Arbor, and was a student there when he determined to enter the army in 1864. He had been anxious to enter the service at a previous date, but he was still a minor, and was not in robust health, and his father objected to his becoming a soldier. He made an application for a position as a medi- cal cadet, but becoming impatient over the red- tape delay, he went to Chicago and passed an examination and received an appointment in tlie gunboat service, and was ordered to re- port to Captain Alexander M. Pennock, Comman- dant of the naval station at Cairo, 111. Not long after he received intelligence from his former application as medical cadet, accompanied by orders to report to St. Louis for examination, which was impossible without release from the obligation he had alreadj' assumed, and he sur- rendered the better position in view of immed- iate activit}'. June 14tli, 1864, he received his appointment as Surgeon's Steward in the gunboat service and was assigned to the " Cricket " belonging to the Mississippi squadron and served from July 8, 1864, to March 17, 1865. This gunboat was mainly employed in patrol duty on the rivers and, after Dr. Hall became connected with her e(piipment, she was in service on the Mississippi lielow Memphis and afterwards went up the White River and operated between Duvall's Bluff and points below. The country was filled with bushwhackers and the service was dangerous and exciting. On one occasion General Canby and his staff was on board the " Cricket ", having been taken on at White River Landing. He was on the hurricane deck one morning in full uniform when he was shot by a bushwhacker on the bank and fell to the deck. He was conveyed to New Orleans on the " Cricket " and on the way down the river the boat was in a collision at Natchez in which she was disabled and was laid up six weeks for repairs. It is the opinion of Dr. Hall that the accident resulted from the maneuvering of the pilot, as her crew were anxious to get out of the White River seivice. Dr. Hall and his chief were not on pleasant terms with the commander of the " Cricket " and, through the influence of General Canby, with whom they had become associated, they effected a transfer to the " Gamage No. 60 ", a gunboat in the lower Mississippi service, on which the doctor served from March 18, 1865, to June 19, 1865. She was on patrol duty on the Mississippi below Vicksburg to intercept communications and frequent cai)tures of rebel officers and stragglers were made. On one occasion a pile of corn was investi- gated and found to contain a large number of rebel mail bags. The locality was in the direct line of communication lietween the army of Kirby Smith at Shreveportand the eastern side of the river and the service was both dangerous and important. On one occasion Dr. Hall ac- companied an officer when he went to a station three miles from the boat to relieve a picket. Wiien they arrived in the supposed vicinity, their hails received no answer and they deter- mined to return; as they sat out they were startled by a shot and the officer cried out that he was wounded. Dr. Hall supported him and in an instant four shots came from the pickets of whom they were in searcli and who were close at hand It transpired that the officer was apprehensive of capture and in his trepidation had discharged his revolver and wounded him- self. It became necessary to carry him three PERSONAL RECORDS. 2!»o miles in the darkness to the boat. After the surrender of Lee thg "Garaage" went up the Red River with the command to receive the surren- der of Kirby Smith at Shreveport, after which she ascended the river to Alexandia. Dr. Hall was taken sick at that i)lace and resigned his commission and returned home in July, 1805. At the time he was expecting orders to report for examination under an application for pro- motion, but the termination of the war also ter- minated the opportunity. He went to Boston and entered the medical department of Harvard College and was gradu- ated in 18()7. He was associated in business with his father at Rosendale until 1870 when he established himself as a medical practitioner at Sheboygan and in 1874 went to Morrison, Whiteside county, 111. He conducted Ins prac- tice there until 1882 when he located at Ripon. While at Sliel)oygan he officiated as pension surgeon in the interest of the government. He was married .July 14, 1868, to Frances S. Powell, of Rosendale, and they have five child- ren, named John S., Edwin C, Jennie, Mary P., and Robert S. Mrs. JIall is the daughter of Rev. J. N. Powell, pastor of the Congregational Church at Rosendale. He served as Commander of his Post in 1886-7 and declined a further re-election. In 1887 he was President of the Rock River Medi- cal Societ}^ of Wisconsin and was, while a resi- dent of Illinois, President of the Whiteside and Clinton, (lowa)Uniou Medical Society. He has held the same relation in the Sheboygan County Medical Society. He is a member of the State Medical Society and, in 1888, was Health Ofttcer of the city of Ripon and also officiated as mem- ber of the School Board. — ^^•t^'^-^*^^^^ i^«;^<^5tf^ ILLIAM POND, of Westfield, Marquette Co., Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 65, was born June 24, 1829, in Addison, Steu- ben Co., New York. He is the son of William Wood and Elvira (Forbes) Pond, and remained in his native county until 1855, when he went to Ohio and was a resident of that State until 1857. Within that year he located at Spring- field in the county in which he has since been a resident and, after 20 years, located at Westfield. In August, 1864, he enlisted at Springfield and went to rendezvous at Camp Randall in Madison, where he clumged his enrollment from infantry to Company I, 1st Wisconsin Heavy Artillery. After a stay in Madison of six weeks, the battery was ordered to the defense of Washington and performed garrison duty at Fort Lyon in Alexandria until the close of the war. During six weeks of this time he was ill at the General Auger ho.spital and, when Ids regiment was mustered out, he was unable to return to Wisconsin until suffi- ciently recovered. Wliile on duty at F'ctrt Lyon, he was drilled in infantry and artillery practice and performed heavy labor on the for- tifications. When he entered the army he was an able-bodied man weighing 175 pounds; when disciiarged he weighed 115 pounds. While a resident of Ohio, Mr. Pond was en- gaged in measuring and inspecting lumber and since his removal to Wisconsin has been con- nected with the lumber trade in which he ranks as one of the leading estimators and judges of his section. He has been a resident of the State for more than 30 years, during which time he has been repeatedly elected to the position of a magistrate and has held other offices of trust. He is present Deputy Sheriff of Marquette county. (1888.) When William, Simeon and Levi Pond came to Manjuette county the population was of a miscellaneous character common to newly set- tled regions and included an element of ruffian- ism with which it was necessary to deal in the special methods best understood Ijy the lawless and disorderly portions of society. The broth- ers Pond were men of athletic build and skilled in the active amusements of that period. On the occasion of a dance in a town in New York a drunken, disorderly party of roughs made their appearance and kept up a series of a n- noj'ances throughout the night. In the morn- ing the youngest brother, Levi, (Capt. L. E. Pond), was made the special object of their abuse. This ended their career; their bully was thoroughly whipped by Simeon Pond and William knocked half a dozen out of time, giv- ing one a severe puni.shment. This settled the altercation and eft'ectually terminated the reign of that element in the pioneer circles of society. Mr. Pond was married in January, 1857, to Margaret Martin and they became the parents of two children named Cassius M. and Jennie. The mother died in March, 1867. Mr. Pond 296 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF was married October 13, 1867, to Mrs. Ann L. Sawyer. They have two children named Cora E. and Ivv Nellie, born respectively Oct. 12, 1868, and March 12, 1873. If^^RANK HIGBEE, of Friendship, Wis., » |J— -^ and a member of G. A. R. Post No. _^^i- 122, was born Sept. 28, 1842 at New Alljion, Cattaraugus Co., New York. Henry Higbee, his father, was born April 18, 1805, at INhii'tinsburg, Lewis Co., New York and died in 1873, at New Albion. The mother of Mr. Higbee, Anna Nichols, before marriage, was born May 28, 1S06, in Rome, Oneida Co., New York, and died April 22, 1858, at the same place as her husliaud. Their children were named Martha L., William N. (dec), Polly (dec), Lorinda, Jefferson, Scott (dec.) and Frank. Justus Higbee enlisted in the 37th New York and served through the war. Jef- ferson Higbee was a soldier in the 194tli New York Infantr}'. Mr. Higbee was still a minor when the second call for troops in the civil war was made and was 19 years old when he enlisted Sept. 5, 1861, in Company B, 64th New York Infantry at Randolph, New York. The regimei^t was commanded l)y Colonel T. J. Parker and went to rendezvoas in Elmira, New York, where three months were passed in preparing for mil- itary duty and the regiment went thence to Virginia where the command remained in winter quarters until the spring of 1862, when a movement was made to Manassas and after the action there Mr. Higbee with his regiment re- turned to Alexandria and embarked on the " Daniel Webster " for Fortress Monroe and went thence up the York River to West Point, Va., and thence to the siege of York- town. After the evacuation he was in the pur- suit to Centerville and after his return to- York- town, he was made Ensign which position he held until his final discharge. He was next in action at Williamsburg and went thence with the troops under McClellan to the Chickahominy and was in the battle of Fair Oaks. After the seven days fighting the 2nd Corps of General Sumner, to which his regiment was attached, covered the retreat and was under constant fire every day, marching nights until they reached Harrison's Landing, where they remained a month, making mean- while a reconnoisance to Malvern Hill. During the march to Newport News, ]Mr. Higbee was on a foraging expedition for the first ai.d only time during his service. He started with three companions at 9 o'clock in the evening and went about a mile to a piece of woods which was said to extend three miles. At this point one of his companions turned back and when ■the others reached the end of the woods they entered a cornfield; voices were heard which Mr. Higbee supposed to belong to rebels, but when the owners appeared they proved to be " Yanks " 'who had been driven from the cornfield by the " niggers." The whole party went through the cornfield to the negro ciuar- ters where they en(juired lor chickens, but the proprietors said they had none and tlie squad took a path which led through a ravine and found a shanty with a hencoop attachment ; they lifted the roof and confiscated two chickens each ; they tied them together by the legs and, leaving them under guard started for the house, l)ut they could not open the door and, on forcing it back and ligiiting a match, found it had lieen held by a powerful negro. Mr. Hig- bee pushed his revolver within the opening and the darky admitted the party but begged that they would not touch his mother. The shantj' was ransacked and baked chicken, fish, onions, bread and stewed beans and apples were found with which they went out and found a stalwart rebel interviewing the guard who said he would complain to the Federal officers if they did not let the chickens go. He was asked if he knew the otticers of the 53rd Pennsylvania Infantry, and he said he did and would enter complaint. Mr. Higbee told his companions to go ahead while he and one other remained to settle with the rebel. A parley was held with Johnnie a few minutes, when befell over something and it was found on further inquiry that he had changed his mind about making his complaint. On arrival at the negro quarters some hoecake was ob- tained which was paid for, and on the return to the cornfield they secured a quan tity of roast- ing ears and reached camp about daylight. The regiment left Newport News for Acquia Creek to re-enforce Pope, but found that he had sustained repulse and went to Alexandria and camped, after which they went to camp oppos- ite Georgetown and fought the next day in the PERSONAL RECORDS. 297 second battle of Bull Run, retreating afterwards to ^[aryland, going to Frederick and afterwards fought at South Mountain. Mr. Higbee was next in action at Antietana, fighting througli the action ; on the oiorning of the last day of the fight he was on picket on the creek back of the "brick house" and saw Hooker do liis fighting in the woods at the right. Soon after, the com- mand was ordered to the held and took position at the left of the Irish Brigade. Three charges were made by tluit brigade, and after their final repulse and retreat, the brigade to whicli the (i4th belonged was ordered to their position. Brigadier General Caldwell was not at hand, and Richard Richardson, better known as "Old Fighting Dick," led the charge and the brigade captured 300 prisoners and a stand of colors. The captain of Mr. Higbee's company stripped the colors from the standard and Mr. Higbee, replaced them with the banner he carried ; the command was ordered to the right on the double-quick, and when they were opposite a stone wall, they came to a front, pressed forward to the top of a hill and fought the rebels who were behind a stone wall. Mr. Higbee received a bullet in his left arm above the elbow, and was whirled half way around. The flag toppled over to the riglit and the shout went up, "up with the colors ;" Mr. Higbee endeavored to lift tliem, l)ut found that his arm refused control, and he braced tlie butt of the staff against his left knee and lifted the colors to position. He touched the sergeant of the color company on his left with his foot and told him to take the fiag. The captain detailed a man to take him to the field hospital where his arm was ampu- tated, and he was afterwards removed to Fred- erick City hospital and, three months afterwards, Dec. 13, 18G'2, he was discharged and returned to his home. In the winter of 18(34, after re- covery from the effects of his wound and ampu- tation, he received an appointment in the em- ploy of the Government at Dunkirk, New York, where he operated in distriliuting clothing among the substitutes and drafted men whom he conducted to Elmira for assignment to their respective commands. He was married to Helen G. Barnes, at Port- ville, New York, November 22, 1867, and they had four children ; Carrie and Leora. are de- ceased ; Marcia A. and Minnie L. are still liv- ing. The mother died at Preston, Wis., August 11, 1879, and Mr. Higbee was again married to Hannah E. Medden, November 18, 1882, and she died at Friendship, Oct. 10, 1886. Mr. Higbee removed his family in 1869 to Preston, Adams Co., Wis., where he engaged in farming about 14 years. Wliile there he filled various town offices, and in 1882 served as Chairman of the Town Board of Supervisors. He located at Friendship in 1883, and is Under Sheriff of Adams county, (1888). He is a charter member of the G. A. R. Post, and has held the position of Commander two terms. DWIN R. GOVE, of Marinette, Wis., ^ was born July 9, 1836, in Ripton, Addison Co., Vermont, and is the son of Jonathan D. and Dolly P. Gove. He remained in his native State until he was sixteen years old and in 1852 came to Wisconsin, remaining six years at Fond du Lac. He returned to Vermont in 1858 and re- sided there until his enlistment as a soldier. He enrolled at Bristol, Vermont, in Company A, 6th Vermont Infantry for three years, and received honorable discharge at Brattleboro, Oct. 9, 1864, his term of office having expired. His regiment was a.ssigned to the Army of the Potomac and he was first in action at Lee's Mills where he was wounded April 16, 1862, and was sent to the hospital at Alexandria. He recovered in time to fight at Williamsburg, Va., and was in the army of McClellan on tlie Peninsula, endured the exposure and hardships of the Chickahominy swamps and fought in all the battles of the Wilderness, at Fair Oaks and at Malvern Hill's hopeless struggle, and re- treated with the discouraged and disgusted command. He fought at Fredericksburg and the 2nd Bull Run, at Antietam and in the first fight at Winchester in the Shenandoah Valley. He was in the Wilderness battles through the second campaign before the fall of Richmond and was in the action at Strawberry Plains. After the war he came in 1864 to Fond du Lac, where he remained until 1868, when he went to Minnesota and remained until 1877. In that year he returned again to Fond du Lac and went thence in 1884 to Marinette. His vocation is that of a carpenter and builder and in the various places where he has been a resi- dent he has pursued his business in that capac- 298 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF ity. He married Jane Barnard, and their chil- dren are Warren S., Clayton F., Arden V. and Stella L. The parents of Mrs. Gove, Thomas and Annie (Davis) Barnard, were born in New Hampshire. Her grandfather, Nathaniel Bar- nard, was in the war of 1812, and fought at Plattsburg. Her brothers, Samuel and Oliver, were in the civil war, Samuel being in the same regiment and company with ^Ir. Gove. He was discharged on account of disabilities, and for a period of three years was unable to speak aloud. Oliver went from Lincoln, Vt., where Mrs. Gove was born. He was in an in- fantry regiment and suffered sun-stroke, from which he has never recovered. -^?J^ ■~S>t^^^i^i-^3*^j^^-^5>^^J^^ltf5e) Carroll. f^HOMAS DONOA^^N, of Brillion, Wis., r) a member of Post No. 222 at that place, ' was born in Ballylanders, County Limerick, Ireland. His j^^-rents, Michael and Bridget (Hanley) Donovan, were natives of the Emerald Isle and died when he was a small lad. His brotlier John came to America and when he was 14 sent for him to join hiua in Waterbury, Conn., which he did, crossing the sea alone. He found a place to live with a farmer with whom he remained until he was 25 j^ears old, when he came to Wisconsin and remained in Milwaukee until he enlisted Feb. 20th, 1864, in B Company, 13th Regiment, 1st Battalion Infantry for three years. He made connection witli the regiment at Nashville, Tenn., passing his first night in camp near the Capitol. ,He fouglit in the defense of the city and went next to Jefferson Barracks at St. Louis, to move forward to Montana to jiarticipate in the management of Indians who were becoming troublesome. Three companies went to Leavenworth, Kan., and seven to Fort Riley on the frontier of the State. After eight months there, they were dispatched to Camp (Jook in Montana, where seven companies were divided into details and sent after the red-skins. Arrived at their point of destination, his detachment commenced the building of a stockade and while choi)piiig, he was struck in the face by the limb of a falling tree, his jaw Ijeing broken and several teeth knocked out. He passed about six weeks in hospital in consequence, and was compelled to subsist on liquid food. The hardship of this to an able-bodied man in tlie full strength of manhood and flush of life may be imagined. He remained at Camp Cook until the spring of 18t;7 where he received honorable discharge. He was married to Ann Dougherty in 1856, and they had seven children. Those surviving are John, Mary H., Margaret A. and Thomas. Michael died at eight years and six months, Lizzie at one year and Thomas (1st) in infancy. The mother died Oct. 25, 1882, and Mr. Donovan was married in July, 1883, to Mary Donovan. They have two sons living — Daniel Mayhew and Patrick. Michael Timothy died in in- fancy. His oldest son, Job n, is married to Mary Finnigan, and their children are named Thomas and Charles. Margaret is Mrs. Michael Welch and her three children are Nellie, John and Thomas. Mr. Donovan is the owner of a valuable and well-stocked farm and enjoys the respect of his fellow citizens as a man of integrity and good citizenship. •^:»j^ •T:>t^^^>^5^->^«:^ OSEPH LAVALLEY, Peshtigo, Wis., a member of G. A. R. Post No. 207, at Marinette, was born April 6, 1847, in Montreal, Canada. He is the son of Baptiste and Charlotte (Eichey) Lavalley, who removed from Canada to Vermont in 1862, PERSONAL RECORDS. 303 where they remained a year before removal to Michigan. They located at Fond du Lac, where the son determined to enter military life, whicli he had desired to do previously but could not on account of liis youth. lie enlisted Aug. 2, 1864, as a substitute in Company K, ord \Vis- consin Infantry, and joined the command at Atlanta as a recruit. Tiie army of Sherman remained in that vicinity until November, when the ord set forth with Siierman's grand army for a mai'cli througli Georgia and the Carolinas. Tiie route to tlie Savannah was marked by des- truction of every conceivable character, and, on arrival at the river, the command succeeded in capturing a steamer, the crew, and a quantity of stores on Argyle Island. During the pro- gress through the Carolinas, the work of des- truction was carried on and much skirmishing was accomplished and rebels driven in numljer- less places. Mr. Lavalley was in the actions at Robertsville, Fayetteville, Averysboro and Bentonviile. The 3rd went to Raleigh and marched, on the 27th of April, to witness the surrender of Johnston. On the same day the regiment turned northward, participated in the review at Washington and proceeded thence after a short time to Madison to l)e discharged •June 9, 1865. He returned to his former home in the East and came thence to Peshtigo in ISSl. The occupation of Mr. Lavalley was that of a sawmill hand until the time of his enlistment ; since his second coming to Peshtigo he has been employed in the woods as a lumberman. He married \Mctorine Gerne, and tliey have had 11 children. Eliza, -loseph, Rosauna, Theodore and Tlieodele (twins), Arthur and Elmore are living; a child named Joseph (1st) died when four years old ; Georgina, Alphonse and Theo- dore (1st) died in infancy. *^»t> •^>t^^^<5any F, 2nd Wisconsin Cavalry for three years and received honorable discharge May 11, 1865, under general order No. 77 from the War Department which provided for the discharge of soldiers from the hospitals. Mr. Ohaver re- ceived his e(|uipments as a cavalryman at St. Louis and, when the regiment was separated into battalions, lie was attached to the 3rd, which made connection with the troops under Cuitis in Arkansas and he was in the actions and skirmishing in the Ozark Mountains and went to Batesville and Jacksonport and partici- pated in the skirmishing with the bushwhack- ers, the command capturing a large number of prisoners without losing a man. He was in the fight at Cotton Plant and, in February, 1863, went to Memphis, where lie remained several months and went in June to Snyder's Bluff on the Yazoo River, where he was en- gaged in scouting until July, when he went to Jackson and was engaged in a skirmish near Clinton and afterwards fought the rebels at Canton and went immediately to the second battle at Jackson. He was afterwards in the fight at Yazoo City in December, 1864, and went thence to Memphis. In February, he was seized with inflammation of the eyes and lie remained in the hospital at that place until April 12th when he came to Wisconsin and was discharged as stated. His eyes have never recovered and he is unable to read and is nearly incapacitated from labor. During his service he was sick in the regimental hospital live weeks with fever and disease of the kidneys. After receiving his discliarge, he returned to Richland county and in 1883 removed to Ste- vens Point. In 1887, he located at Pittsvilie. He was married Sep. 17th, 1861, to Sarah 1'. Morgan. Her fatlier, John Morgan, was a sol- dier in the Mexican war in which he lost his life. The surviving children of Mr. and Mrs. Ohaver are named Augustus A., Rozella and Letitia A. Four children, named Joseph H., Margaret M., Mary and Norman, are deceased. Augusta married Wilson Kelley and the second daughter is the wife of Ell G. Renslow ; the latter is tiie mother of a daughter named Alice 304 SOLDIERS ALBUM OF Leora ; her only sou, Ward, died at the age of two years and another daughter died iu in- fancy. --^^t^-'-^t^i <^=f<^>^(^-- ASPEK CROTTEAU, a resident of Grand Rapids, Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 22, was born in L'Assomption, in the county of the same name adjoining island and county of Montreal, .Canada, Oct. 8, 1847. He is the son of Frank and Har- riet (Juneau) Crotteau. His father was born in the same liouse at L'Assomption, in wliich the son was born and was the son of an immigrant from France. The mother was the cousin of Solomon Juneau, the founder of Milwaukee. In 1853, the family removed to Wisconsin and the father located a farm in Theresa, Dodge county, where the son was brought up on a farm and was a pupil in the common scliools. When lie was 1") years old he went to Menasha, where he aequn-ed a knowledge of the business of a stone mason and was occupied in his vocation until he entered the army. In the spring of 1862 lie made an effort to enlist, but the refusal of his parents prevented his carrying out the plan and, when he succeeded in enrolling as a sol- dier, tlie officer understood him to be older than he really was. He enlisted at Menasha May 9, 1864, in the 41st Wisconsin Infantry in Companj' D for 100 days. A month after- wards, he went with liis regiment to Memphis, where he performed picket and guard duty in one of the most unhealthy localities, and the suffering from sickness was consequently very great. August 2Ist, Memphis was raided by Forrest's cavalry and the 41st Wisconsin took position to support two other regiments in line of battle. On the expiration of his term of ser- vice he was discharged Sept. 14th at Milwaukee and received the certificate of service issued by Abraham Lincoln to every 100-day man. He returned to Dodge county and, in the spring of 1865, engaged in lumbering in Waupaca and Outagamie counties, and became an expert driver on the Wolf River. He followed this occupation diligently about three years and went thence to Rudolph, Wood county, where he operated in the same business three years, driving on the Wisconsin and its tributaries. When the railway corporation began opera- tions, he was occupied in contracting for the Wisconsin Valley Company, cutting out riglit of way and supplying accommodations for the construction gangs. He afterwards operated as foreman of a gang in constructing road-bed and was engaged in that business two years. During several successive winters he operated as a log broker, buying white oak logs and piles, after whicli he became jiurchasing agent for F. MacKinnon & Co., purchasing lumber for their spoke and hub factory at Centralia and remained iu their employ, oper- ating also as their principal salesman five years. Mr. Crotteau is a man who has made the most of his opportunities and has profited by his intercourse with the world of business men until his abilities in executive capacities became manifest and he has been called to serve his generation in important official capacities. He served two years as Clerk of the town of Ru- dolph, five years as Treasurer, President of the Board four years and Clerk of his school dis- trict 14 years. Several of these offices were held simultaneously. In 1884 he was elected Register of Deeds of Wood county and is serv- ing his second term in that position. He was married Nov. 10, 1869, at Rudolph to Emma Bo3'er, and they have had seven children. Lida May and Howard Henry died resj^ectively at four years of age. Laura E., Curtis J., Chloe C, Maud M. and Ellsworth Frank are living. Mrs. Crotteau died April 1, 1882; she was of French extraction. July 5, 1883, Mr. Crotteau was married to Mrs. Maggie (Crittenden) Schall. Israel, brother of Mr. Crotteau of this sketch, served his country in Battery M, 1st Missouri Light Artillery. Louis P. Boyer enlisted iri the 8tli Wisconsin Battery Light Artillery. Henry W. Boyer was a soldier in the 2!tth Wisconsui Infantry. These were brothers of the first wife. Thomas Crittenden, brother of the second wife, was a soldier in the 18th Wisconsin Infan- try and died at Memphis, Tenn., from disabili- ties incurred in the service. Mr. and Mrs. Crotteau have an infant son. .^^>^«f-^«i^«^- ^HOMAS HYDE, Stevens Point, W IS., C5|^ and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 'Jll ' 165, was born in the town, I'rince's End, Staffordshire, England, March 29, 1831. John Hyde, his father, was a con- PERSONAL RECORDS. 305 tractor in England and died in his native coun- trj' in 1842, aged (il years. His wife, Elizabeth Turner before marriage, was the daughter of John and Elizaheth Turner and the mother of 13 ciiildren, of wliom but tliree survive. .John is a resident of Bilston, Staflbrdshire. Mrs. Amj' Price lives at ( loseh^ in tiie same .shire. Tlie mother died .Jan. "iO, 1,S72, in Staffordshire, aged 85 years. The maternal grandmother of Mr. Hyde was 99 years old at her demise. Un- til he was 15 years old Mr. Hyde was sent to school and at that age became a clerk in the of- fice of an iron working compan}' in which ca- pacity he was en^ployed until 1857, when he came to America. He landed in Canada and intended to settle in the Dominion but, on look- ing about, he found no better prospects than he left behind him in England, and came soon after to Wisconsin. He made his first location at Big Prairie, Waushara county, where he is still the owner of a farm and where he maintains his residence, although he transacts business at Stevens Point. After locating, he was engaged in farming until he entered the army, and he enlisted March 8, 18(34, in Company I), 38th Wisconsin Infantry at Madison, where he made connection with the command, and Companies A, B, C, and D were sent to Washington; after remaining three weeks at Arlington Heights they went to Cold Harbor and, alter engaging as escort for Jie trains which went to tlu' relief alter the battle at Cold Harl)or, the regnnent w;is assigned to Burnside's Corps. They went next to Petersburg, where Mr. Hyde was ex- posed to rebel shots and shells and afterwards joined in a charge made by the regiment on Petersburg and, during three days, was con- stantly under heavy fire and afterward with lit- tle cessation until the 4th of July, when he was one of 40 men of the four companies who were fit for duty. After the firing of the mine, he was again in siege and picket duty and went afterwards on the double cjuick to Ream's Sta- tion. He was in tlie fight at Poplar Grove Church and in October resumed military duty at Petersburg. He was in the action at Hatch- er's Run and in the capture of Fort Mabone and was with the command when it took ])os- session of Petersburg. Mr. Hyde was in the pursuit to the South Side railroad and mai'cbed back to Wasliington to take part in the Grand Review. From Hist to last he never lost a day and was finally discharged at the Delaney House July 26, 1865. During his service Mr. Hyde was detailed to the Quartermaster's Department at I'rigade Headquarters, where he performed valuable service. He was Chief Clerk for the Brigade Quartermaster several months. On his return to Waushara county he re- sumed farming. About 1870, he began opera- tions in insurance and resided on his farm, managing his joint business until 1883, when lie purcliased a residence at Stevens Point. He is still conducting his interest in insurance and managing his landed interests in Waushara county. Mr. Hyde was married Nov. 29, 1859, to Sarah Willie Verrell at Oasis, Waushara county. Wis., and she was the daughter of Seward and Sally (Lord) Verrell. Elizabeth, oldest child of Mr. and Mrs. Hyde, was born in Oasis Oct. 31, 1860, and married William J. Shumway, an insurance agent, doing business at Hurley, Wis.; she is the mother of two children. Amy, youngest daugh- ter of Mr. and Mrs. Hyde, was born in Oasis .\pril 19, 1868. UGUST ERNEST JOSEPH NIT- ^ SCHKE, a merchant of Appleton, Wis., and a son of the liepublic by adoption, was born Dec. 13, 1841, in I^irchwitz, Province of Silesia, Prussia. He was little more than an infant when his parents re- moved from the fatherland to America. He was brought up in Milwaukee where his par- ents located and passed the remainder of their lives. His father, Ernest Nitschke, was a shoe- maker by trade, and had served in the war of his country according to law. His wife, before marriage, Hermina Perlewitz, was the daughter of a Prussian who was a soldier in the French and German war, and was with the Allies before Paris in the great siege of the French capital. The son grew to manhood under the infiuences which made him one of the bravest soldiers in the suppression of the rebellion. Mr. Nitschke was 19 years of age when en- listments for the war of the rebellion began in Wisconsin. Two days after the proclamation of the President was issued calling for 75,000 troojjs, April 17th, he enrolled as a private in Company H, 1st Wisconsin Infantry. The term was lor three months, and his company was commanded by William George. The regi- 306 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF luent left the State June 9, 1861, and, on arri- val at Allatoona, orders were found for the command to proceed to Cliambersliurfj. July 2iid the regiment led the advance of General Patterson across the Potomac, and on that day the Wisconsin soldiers had the first taste of rebel powder. Falling Waters is the name of the skirmish, and it was the only action in which the three months organization of the First Wisconsin was involved. Preparations for battle were several times made, and the re- giment performed censiderable guard duty until August 12th, when orders were issued for return to Wisconsin to be mustered out. In August, 18()2, a, call for .')t)0,O00 more men was issued, and it was determined to raise a German regiment. Mr. Nitschke enlisted Aug. 15, 1802, in the 2()th' Wisconsin, (Col. Jacobs) and William George, his old captain, was placed at the head of Company A in the new organiza- tion. He enrolled for three years, or during the war, and was mustered in Sept. 17th. Octo- ber Gth, one of the finest regiments in the ser- vice went to Washington to be connected with the Army of the Potomac. It was assigned to the 12th Army Corps, and was a part of the history of a division of the army which made an unparallelled record in history, and won the admiration of the civilized world. Following is the line of motion in the army of which Mr. Nitschke was a part. On starting for the army under McClellan, then making a forward movement in November, the first night was i)assed on the first field of Bull Run. Thoroughfare Gap was reached the next day and finally (iainesville, where a stay of some days was made and the command returned to Cen- terville. Marching from there to Falmouth in a bitter storm, camping at Statiord Court House, picketing in the rear of the advancing Corps and marching to Beriah Church is the abbre- viated story of the time until the regiment went into winter quarters at that place. In a month they were ordered to abandon their com- fortable huts and return to Staflbrd C. H. In April preparations for active service were made, and on the 27th the regiment started for what proved the disastr. us field of Chancellorsville. The first of July Mr. Nitschke was again in battle at Gettysburg, and there the reduction of the regiment Ijccame so great that the com- mand was condensed into five companies, which did guard duty until September, when or- ganization was resumed and the regiment transferred to the Department of the West, and Mr. Nitschke was in the skirmish at Wauhat- chee. Novemb(u- 23-4-5 he was in the fight at Chattanooga, where Hooker, sent from the Army of the Potomac to assist in raising the siege at Chattanooga, won never-dying fame through the charge up the heiglits of Lookout Mountain and fought the battle above the clouds. The German regiment was in the re- serve at the base of the mountain and fought bravely at Mission Ridge. In the battle of Lookout mountain, a movement was made by the regiment to protect Sherman's left wing, whence they went into the fight at Mission Ridge. The winter was passed in making ready to carry out the joint plans of Grant and Sherman, and April 26th was again in read- iness lor active operations. In May, the battle of Resaca, Ga., was fought, and on the 27th Mr. Nitschke received a severe woiuid in the head. A bullet struck him in the frontal bone above the ej'es and the dressing it and extraction of bone splinters necessitated the removal of about half a cup-full of the brains. The de- pression still remaining is deep enough for the insertion of the length of an egg. Oji the formation of his company he was constituted a Corporal. Later, he was made Sergeant, and at the date of his wound he was acting as Orderly. After the fight at Resaca he remained a week at the field hospital and went thence to Bridgeport, Ala., where he stayed until the latter part of July and came to ^lil- waukee on a furlough. From the hospital there he was transferred, at his own request, to the Veteran Reserve Corps, 4th Regiment, Com- pany E, through General Order No. 53, his connection therewith dating Feb. 11, LSH4. June 24, he was discharged at Milwaukee in accordance with an order from the War Depart- ment, issued June I7th. He held the position of Sergeant. He returned from the war to ^lilwaukee and engaged in the business in which he had pre- viously been interested — that of furniture repair- ing, but found that his wound which had been a year healing inc]iaeitated him entirely for that kind of work. Oct. 23, 1865, he removed per- manently to Appleton, where he established himself in trade, and has since operated as a dealer in groceries and dry goods, realizing satisfactory results from his efforts and invest- ments. May 18, 1867, he was married to Mary Oster- PERSONAL RECORDS. 307 tag. (See sketch of Sebastian Ostertag.) Tlieir children are — Mettu Helena .Josephine, Oscar William, Olivia Amanda, Adelia Maria Agnes, and Walter \'alentine. Arthur Sebastian Cliris- tian died at the age of three years. Telma So- phia was less than three years old when she died. After the preparation of the above personal narration, and previous to publication, tlie fam- ily circle has been again sundered by death. The oldest daughter died at 18 from injuries caused by a fall on the ice, aud the youngest daughter, aged four year.s, died of dij;htheria, the decease of both occurring in 1S.S8. -^t^-s^t^^^^ ELSON RICE, a citizen of Black Creek, Wis., member of G. A. R. Post J. W. Appleton, No. 116, was born April G, 1845, in Watertown, Jetfer- soa Co., Wis. He was reared to manhood in the Badger State and when he was 17, he determined to risk the fate of war in his eager- ness to aid in bringing about the end of rebel- lion. He enlisted Aug. 14, 1862, in Company B, 21st Regiment, Wisconsin Volunteers, at (Jshkosh for three years. He received honor- able discharge .June 18, 1865, at Milwaukee, the war being at an end. Among the battles and skirmishes in which he was a participant, lie numbers Perryville, Stone River, Mission Ridge, Peach Tree Creek, Atlanta, Resaca, Benton ville. Marietta, Allatoona, Buzzard's Roo.st. He was wounded at Perryville, Oct. 8, 1862, and from the field liospital was transferred to Lebanon, Ky., and from there to J>ouisville, Ky. After recovering in a measure from his wound he was attacked by fever which detained him from his regiment, making bis hoispital experience about six months in extent. One of his comrades in the same regiment was Hon. C. B. Clark, Congressman from the Sixth District of Wisconsin. Mr. Rice was married Feb. 6, 1867, at Menasha to Mrs. Margaret Worden and they have had seven children — Cora E., Franklin N., Walter L., Orpha M., Maggie J., Leah J., Abie M. Mrs. Rice was formerly married to a soldier for the Union — Geo. C. Worden. Their marriage occurred July 21, 1861, at Appleton and they had one child — Geo. H. VVorden. Mr. Worden enhsted at Oshkosh, Wis., Aug. 14, 1862, in the 21st Wisconsin Regiment. He was in the battles of Murfreesboro, Perryville and Stone River, where he was taken prisoner. He was ]>aroled on the battlefield and sent to Camp Ciiase. At the prison barracks he was exchanged and rejoined his regiment. He was killed in the Imttle of Chickamauga, Sept. 20, 186:>, and was buried on the battlefield. His body was never removed. The family from which Mr. Rice is descended in the patcir- nal Hue is of Scotch origin and his father was born in Vermont. His motlier was descended from the Mohawk valley Dutch. The parents of Mrs. Rice were of English origin, her father having been born in Cambridgeshire and her mother in Devonshire. Her grandfather was a British soldier in the war of the Revolution and had a pension from the British govern- ment. Two of the brothers of Mr. Rice were in the service during the war of the rebellion. One enlisted in the 2nd Minnesota and the other in tlie lltli Wisconsin. They enlisted for three years respectivi'l}' and l.ioth veteranized, serving until the close of the war. John Rice, his oldest brother, was a soldier in the Mexican war and died there from exposure and hardships. ^^>^«^-<=«f- OHN GRIFFIN MOORE, a citizen of Waupun, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 114, was born Nov. 30, 1840, at Salisbury, Herkimer Co., New York. He is the son of William and Elinor (Sweet) Moore and in the paternal line is of English extraction, his fatiier having been a native of Leicestershire, England. The latter was an ornamental carver of wood, bone and ivory and came to this country, where he married a lady who was a native of Herkimer county. New York. In 1843 the family came West to Bristol, Illinois, and removed thence to Jjittle Rock in the same State three years later. The follow- ing year they went to Somonauk, DeKalb count}', where the father l>ought a farm and also kept a hotel. The sign was unique and consisted of a five-barred gate, swinging be- tween two posts, witli the motto : " This gate hangs high and hinders none. Refresh and pay and travel on." After seven years, the 308 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF place was sold and changes took place in the family. While residing at Somonank, the California fever run high and the trains stopped tiiere en route to the frontier. The old Indian Chief, Shahbona, was tlien at the height of his popularity and he gave young Moore, then about 10 years old, two ponies, and with his dog and ponies and two Indians as guides he crossed the Missi.ssippi River and waited for a time, when he joined the trains across the country to the Pacific coast to Sacramento City. He learned the Potawattomie and (Ottawa tongues and did errands for the persons at- taclied to the train, earning quantities of money and returning to 8t. Louis in the following fall. There he met his half brother, Aaron Humph- ries, who persuaded him to return home and, soon after doing so, he went to Milwaukee. His father moved to VVaupun, where he opera- ted as a grain buyer. The mother died and, after attending tlie "ind Ward school at Mil- waukee 18 months tlie .son went to Waupun with his father. He enlisted Aug. 29, 1862, in Company E, 1st Wisconsin Cavalry. He had been previ- ously employed in iierding Texas cattle in the vicinity of Galveston, Texas, where he passed the greater part of the year 1859. He enlisted as a recruit and made connection with the regi- ment at Cape Cirardeau in September. He was in the movements of his company to Pat- terson and afterwards went to several points in Southeast Missouri where he was engaged in scouting and other duty until tiie regiment again consolidated at Cape Girardeau. In April, he was engaged in the chase after Mar- maduke where Company E was distinguished for special bravery and his captain was cap- tured and afterwards paroled. Mr. Moore was in the fight at ('ape Girardeau and in May went to Nashville, where he was detailed to go to Triune and performed picket duty until the middle of June. He was in the skirmish at Middletown and assisted in taking Shelbyville, going afterwards to join Rosecrans at Cliicka- mauga Creek where lie was in a skirmish. He was in the fights at Chattanooga, Jasper, and Anderson's Gap and afterwards crossed the Cumberland Mountains to fight at Maysville, where he sustained an injury to his nose from a blow from a musket which broke it. His leg was thrown across the neck of his horse in this action and a minie ball struck it, shattering the bone. His wound bled badly Init he did not leave his post. Soon after another bullet struck the calf of his leg and lodged just under the skin on the other side whence he removed it with his pocket knife. He bound up the leg in a wet compress and remained with the command. (This was 10 miles from Strawberry Plains.) He was in the skirmish- ing at Mossy Creek and fought at \'^arneirs Station in the beginning of tlie Atlanta cam- paign. He was again in action at Resaca and at Burnt Hickory, fighting at Ackwortli and Big Shanty and Campbelltown. He was in the subsequent movements in Georgia and went into Kentucky where he fought at Hopkin.s- ville and Elizabethtown. In the spring of 1865 he was in the scouting in Alabama and fought at Montgomery, afterwards fighting at Fort Tyler. VVhile in action at Sequatchie Valley, he captured a rebel major and in the encounter gave him a saber cut across tiie face. .He after- wards met the man at Macon during the armis- tice and a few years ago he visited Waupun wliere he again saw the marks of his experi- ence with him in Tennessee. Mr. Moore was discharged finally July 19, 1865, at Edgefield, Tenn. (A sketch of A. A. Shepherd contains much matter pertinent to cavalry service, and may be found on another page.) Mr. Moore returned to Milwaukee, where he worked as a miller, which business he had learned in the army, and he obtained emjiloj'- meiit in the same at Chicago, Dixon and Ster- ling, 111. At Millburg, Mich., he put up two run of stone and he afterwards went to St. Louis in the same business. He returned to Waupun in 1877 and opened a saloon, the oldest in ex- istence in tiie place and was formerly known as "Our Office." His half brother, Aaron Hum- plirey, enlisted in a Wisconsin regiment and died of disabilities. A nephew was a soldier in an Iowa regiment, a commis- sioned officer and was taken prisoner and sent to Libby. Mr. Moore was an (Orderly on the staff of General Davidson and General E. McCook. At the battle of Chickamauga, Sep, 19-20, he acted as Orderly for Rosecrans and rode with him and also acted in that capacity for General Elliott. He suffered from asthma and went to the hospital and afterward lost his voice at Genevieve. He was first sent to the post hospital at Cape Girardeau and thence re- ported to Dr. Ottoson, the Medical Director of the Department of the Mississippi at St. Louis, who ordered him to Hickory street hospital, PERSONAL RECORDS. :^09 sending a note to Surgeon White to make out his discliarge. White wished liim to do duty as a nurse but he rephed tliat he was able to go to his regiment if lie was able to nurse and lie went to the command at Cape Oirardeau. He was sent down the river to Nashville and his voice came suddenly back after a few weeks. Mr. Moore was married June 2!(, 1873, to Amelia Tiarks and they have two children named Elinor Elizabeth and Grace Amelia. Mr. Moore served six and a half years as Dep- uty Sheriff of Dodge county. OBERT HENDERSON of Fort How- ard, a member of G. A. R. Post T. 0. Howe, No. 124, was born in Rich- ville, Erie county. New York. He is the son of Daniel and Diantlia (Allen) Henderson. His father was born in Jeflerson county, New York, and represented a Massa- chusetts family of early date. The grandfather of the senior Henderson was born in Edinboro, Scotland, was pressed into the British service and fought at Quebec, on the Plains of Abra- ham. His name was .James Henderson, and he made his way to Rhode Island and entered the Continental Army ; he reached the rank of Jst Lieutenant. The mother of Mr. Henderson was born in Auburn, New York, and was the youngest of 13 children. Her father was born in Vermont. When he was 16, he enlisted in the Continental Army and, after the end of the revolutionary war, he finished his education at Peekskill, in New York. He married a Miss Jerboss, of Holland lineage. When the son was 16 years old, he entered the army. He enlisted August 18, 1862, in Company H, 100th New York Infantry, at Buffalo, for three years, and received honorable discharge, June 28, 1865, at Fortress Monroe, Vn. The regiment went to Virginia in February, and Mr. Hender- son joined his command immediately after en- listing at Gloucester Point, Va., opposite York- town. His first active service was in a raid to Gloucester, C. H. The regiment was then as- signed to the command of Foster and started to go to Morris Island, but the severe weather drove them into Beaufort, N. C, whei-e they remained until some time in February. At that date, they embarked for Beaufort, S. C, and encamped on St. Helena Island in early spring. The 100th New York went thence to Cole's and afterwards to Folly Island in Cliar- leston Harbor, of which they took possession and fortified it on the north end, fronting Mor- ns Island, held by the rebels. Mr. Henderson ' was a witness of DuPont's first assault on Sum- ter. His command was in active service under Hunter, until (ieiieral Gilniore took command in June; 60 additional guns and mortars were mouted, and, on the night of July 9, the fieet of DuPont crossed the bar between Folly and Morris Island, and the attack on Morris Island was made on the 10th, four regiments, in- cluding the lOOtli New York, shelling the rebels from Folly Island. Meanwhile, the brigade of Mr. Henderson was taken on trans- ports and landed in front of the rebel batteries on the south side of Morris Island. Although strongly entrenched, the reliels were taken completely by surprise and driven back to Fort Wagner. An assault was made on the 11th, the Union forces getting on the parapets, and the lOOtli New York threw up earthworks under the guns of Fort Wagner and worked nights and dodged shells days. Mr. Hender- son's brigade was ordered to the attack, which was led by a New Hampshire regiment, with the KlOth New York and two Ohio regiments following closely. This was one of the blood- iest engagements of the war, the loss in killed and wounded being estimated at 2,500. Just before Mr. Henderson reached the fort, a charge of grape swept away nine files of his company and he was wounded in his left ankle by a rebounding grape shot or a piece of shell, and fell on his face. At the same time, a bullet passed through his foot. Mr. Hender,soii made his way to the sea shore under a hot fire of grape with which the rebels were sweeping the island to intercept the wounded men, and was taken on board a hospital steamer, transferred to the hospital steamer Cosmopolitan and taken to Beaufort, S. C. Not long after, he went home on a furlough, going to David's Island in the fall where he ol>taiiied anotlier furlough and, in June was transferred to Rochester, New York, and thence to the citj- hospital at Buffalo. He rejoined his regiment before his wound was healed, fragments of bone being extracted after he went to the front. His wounds were first dressed by a French surgeon who advised him to refuse ami^utalion of his foot, as he was young and in time would recover, although all tlie l)ones were fractured. On his way to the 310 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF front he went to Governor's Island and em- barkud for City Point, Va., to rejoin his regi- ment in fi-ont of Petersliurg wliere lie was in action until October, 1864, when tliey crossed the James near Turkey Bend and, on the 27th, he was in the fight at Chapin's farm and lie was also in action on the New Market road before Richmond. On the following morning two splinters of bone were taken from the top ot his foot. Ho remained in the fortifica- tions on Ohapiu's farm until February, when he received orders to present himself to, an exam- ining board by whom he was pronounced unfit for campaign service and he was sent to Hamp- ton, Va., on detached duty, where he re- mained until .June 28th when he was dis- charged as stated. He returned to Buffalo and remained until May, 18<)b, the date of his removal to Fort Howard. With two partners, he bought a schooner and traded on the bay that summer and the two succeeding seasons he sailed on the Excelsior with Captain Bouton. In 1868 he became a pu])il in the Bryant & Stratton Busi- ness College at Milwaukee, and was graduated. Returning to Fort Howard, he engaged in the business of a painter with liis brother, Edwin F., under the style of Henderson Brothers. The firm style now is Robert Henderson & Co., and they are engaged in the manufacture of mixed paints and have an extensive establish- ment, where they are transacting wholesale and retail business. The brother mentioned, was an enlisted man in the 24th New York Cav- alry, having first enlisted in the 21st Cavalry when six weeks under age. Delos D., another brother, enlisted in the 157th New York In- fantry. Mr. Henderson was married Oct. 25, 1870, to Sarah H. Crocker and they have three children named as follows: — Fred, Brett C. and Robert Jewell. George E. died when a year old ; Daniel E. and Annie died when infants. Mr. Henderson can name 32 relatives who fought in the civil war. Mrs. Henderson be- longs to a lineage that performed patriotic duty in the war of the Revolution. NDREW ALONZO BUNTEN, of Al- goma Township, Winnebago Co., Wis., and a former soldier of the civil war, was born May 4, 1837, in Charlotte county, N. B. He enlisted in the United States service at the age of 24 years, and the date of his enrollment was Sept. 17, 1861, in Company A, 1st Wisconsin Infantry, to serve three years. He was pi'omoted to the rink of Corporal, and was discharged Oct. 8, 1864, at Indianapolis. The command left Camp Scott at Milwaukee, Oct. 28, 1861, and proceeded to report to (General Sherman at Louisville, Ky. Two days later, the regiment went into camp at Jeffer.sonville, Ind., where it remained until the middle of November. Crossing to Louisville, the command proceeded westerly to the place where Salt River discbarges into the Ohio, wliere they built a fort and went, December ord, to a station south of Elizabetiitown, Ky., and there was assigned to the 7th Brigade in the Division of General McCook. The soldiers built a bridge at Bacon Creek, and went to Nolensville into camp. On St. Valentine's Day, 18()2, a removal to EdgeHeld opposite Nash- ville was made, the march consuming 16 days. A stay of a month was made there, the soldiers engaging in fatigue, camp, picket and skirmish duty. April 2nd, the regiment went to Colum- bia. Mr. Bunten was i)ersonally engaged in every battle and skirmish in which his com- ]iany was involved. August 31st, the regi- ment started for Louisville, wliere the move- ment was organized to control the depredations of General Bragg in Kentucky, The brigade set out from that place October 1st and, seven days later, were fighting at Perryville. The work accomplished by the 1st Wisconsin on the field of Ciiaplin Hills, as it is sometimes desig- nated, was such as to win special comments, and is related in detail in many accounts in this volume. Company A went into battle with 59 men and 11 responded to their names at roll-call. The privation, exposure and severe marching had sent hundreds of the regiment to the hospital and the grave. (See sketch of Mr. Buckstatt'). Bragg was pursued by the 1st Wisconsin as far as Grab Orchard and, at that point, a return march to Nashville was begun. December 7th the regiment occupied Camp Andy Johnson, in the neighborhood of Nash- ville. The last of December, the rebels and Union forces met on the field of Stone River. The conflict lasted several days and, Jan. 3rd, Mr. Bunten was twice severely wounded. He received a bullet in his right arm and another in'his right leg. He was placed in the field hospital for a time, when he was transferred to hospital No. 4, College Hill, at Nashville. He PERSONAL RECORDS. 311 was transferred thence to Louisville, and from there to Madison, Ind. At Cincinnati lie was. assigned to the Invalid Corps after a hospital ■experience of 11 months. The organization to which he had been assigned was sent to Evans- ville, Ind., to do garrison duty, and he re- mained there until his ilischarge. He acted as captain of one of the companies of the corps. The duties were those pertaining to camp life, and were such as to prepare for repellmg in- vasion if need required. Mr. Bunten came to Wisconsin in 1856, locat- ing at Oshkosh. He engaged in the business of a lumberman, in which he was interested until he entered the military service of his ad- opted country. Since his return, he has opera- ted as a farmer and lumberman, and is still pui-- suing those avenues of business. He still suffers from the effects of his wounds, his arm being at times wholly imserviceable, and his leg acts as a reliable weather clerk. His parents, Alonzo and Isabel Clementine (McPhersou) Bunten, were of Scotch descent. His paternal grand- father was a soldier in the war of 1812. Mr. Bunten was married April 4, 1864, to Pauline Bippus, the daughter of German parents. Mr. Burten held the office of Supervisor one term— 1885-6. *-^»«:^ -^sw^i EOKUE H. BUDD, of Oshkosh, Wis., P^ was born in the Province of New Brunswick, Aug. 10, 1836. He be- came a resident of Wisconsin in 1853 and located at Oshkosh tin-ee years later. On the day the 1st Wisconsin Infantry' was mustered into service, Oct. 8, 18(il, he en- listed in the organization reconstructed from the three months formation which was dis- lianded on the exj)iration of its term. The mus- tering was completed ( )ctober 19th and, soon after, orders were received to proceed to Louis- ville, Ivy. Mr. Budd was enrolled in A Com- pany, which was in constant movement after the 14th of November when it left camp at •lefFersonville. Ind., to join the 7th Brigade in the Division of (ieneral McCook. The command went successively to the mouth of Salt Creek, Elizabethtown and Munfordville, where they witnessed a sharp fight between an Indiana and a Texas regiment and were placed in position to take part therein if necessay. From there they went to Louisville and thence to Eliza- betlitown again. Ccjunter orders sent them to Bowling Green and thence they passed on to Nashville and went into camp at Kdgeheld. The last of March they went to Columbia, Tenn., and thence to camp at Mt. Pleasant on Bigby Creek. Until the first of May the regiment was occupied in keeping open communications. Within 2(J days it made a march of 19U miles of which !I5 were accomplished in three and a half days. A few days later. Company A, with three others of the regiment, went to Chatta- nooga for the purpose of making an as.sault on that place. They took a position on the oppo- site side of the river and for three hours fired into the place, without, however, accomplishing any decided results and orders to withdraw were issued. The detail rejoined the regiment at Columbia, proceeding thence via Altamoiit and McMinnville. The entire regiment went thence successively to Shelbyville, Fayetteviile, Stevenson, Huntsville and Bridgeport, and into camp at Battle Creek the last of .June, where the Fourth of July, 1862, was passed. Soon alter, another cliange to Mooresville was effected and, August ISth, the regiment .set out to go to Edgefield and, .July 31st, started for Louisville to be ciquipped afresh for jiarticipation in the uK^asures in behalf of the invasion of the rebel Bragg, who was raiding Kentucky in pursuit of supplies. October 1st, the 1st Wisconsin left Louisville to participate in the battle of Perry- ville, where Mr. Budd experienced his first acquaintance with actual warfare. He had assisted in marching, scouting and guarding and had comi' as near starvation as was agree- able and was entirely satisfied to exchange that routine for something less monotonous, if it contained greater elements of danger. The fight at Perryville was one in which every soldier con- nected therewith proved the stuff of vvhich he was made and gave another luster to the bravery of Wisconsin volunteers. The regiment took a posi- tion in the front line of battle after the di.saster to the 21st Wisconsin, and was supported by artillery, bnt the firing was so sharp that de- moralization overtook the battery and its guns were in the most imminent danger. The 1st Wisconsin made a dash forward, captured the fiagof a Tennessee regiment and brought off every one of the imperilled guns left on the field after taking its second position. The 4th Indiana Battery, the owners of the armament, :!12 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF acknowledged the service l)y the gift of a full compliment ot colors and guidons. In the ac- tion, the flag of the "1st" was riddled with balls and the flagstaff pierced in two places. 217 men were killed and wounded, and among the latter Mr. Budd, who was mentioned as among the injured in the official list. He was wounded in the right hip and taken to the fleld Jiospital, where he remained two weeks and was transferred to Shelbj'ville, thence to Nashville and finally to Louisville, where he received honorable discharge May 19, 1863, after a hospital experience of seven months. Mr. Budd returned to Oshkosh and has since been connected with the lousiness community there in a manner that reflects creditably on his character. He was engaged in lumber in- terests previous to entering the army. He is acting at present as State Agent of Wisconsin timber lands. He is married and his family comprises four daughters. ^i^^<5<^^■>^5.tH■ EORGE HARDIN BUCKSTAFF, of Oshkosh, Wis., was born March 8, 1837, in the parish of Dumbarton, Province of New Brunswick. He is the son of .lohn and Lucy (McCurdy) Buck- staff. His fiither was born under the English flag and his mother under the Stars and Stripes. Her ancestral stock were located in that part of the territory' included in Maine, which afterwards became Massachusetts. Her grand- father was a native of that locality and was descended from Irish stock. Seven uncles, brothers of the mother of Mr. Buckstaff, were soldiers of the Revolution and 1812 in the Continental Army. His father was a Brit- ish soldier in 1812, and belonged to a company that conquered Winfield Scott at Lundy's Lane. He fought through that conte.st and was in the actions at Montreal, Quebec, and on the St. Lawrence River. Mr. Buckstaff's grandfather was captain of an English merchant vessel and was lost at sea. Mr. Buckstaff came to Oshkosh in 1850 and engaged in farming, which he prosecuted in the town of Algoma six years. He then en- gaged in lumbering and logging, in which he was interested until his enlistment, Sept. 17, 1861, in Company A, 1st Wisconsin Infantry, .which was then re-organizing for three years. He was made Sergeant of his company and received honorable discharge Oct. 14, 1864, at Milwaukee, his enlistment having expired. At Chickamanga, Sept. 19, 1863, the thumb of his left hand was shot off. He went to hos- pital at Nashville, thence to Louisville, return- ing to his regiment Nov. 1, 1863. In Decem- ber he was detailed as Clerk at Post Headquar- ters and remained on that duty until the ex- piration of his time. He returned to Oshkosh and resumed the lumber and logging business, which has since engaged his attention and in- terests. His fellow-citizens have honored liim with many ofSces of trust and responsibility, his first election being to the County Board on which he served two terms. He was elected to the Wisconsin Assemhly for 1881, and was re- elected for 1882. He was elected to the State Senate for 1886. At present, 1887-8, he holds a position on the Commission to assess dam- ages on lands overflowed by the Government dam at Menasha. Mr. Buckstaff was married Oct. 21, 1868, to Mattie Murray and they have one son named Irving Eugene. The parents of Mrs. Buck- staff were William and Elvira (Bunteir) Mur- ray, and her father was of Scotch descent; he came to America when he was 17 years old. Mrs. Buckstaff and her mother were natives of the province of New Brunswick. She is one of a family of 10 children — five sons and five daughters. •■S^!^ "-^^S^ ?>^J«£^>^5*f-. ON DEWITT KELLOGG, of Antigo, Wis,, a member of G. A. R. Post No. 78, was born Oct. 1, 1844, in Castle- ton, Rutland Co., \'t. He is the son of Elisha S. and Orphena (Robinson) Kellogg, botli natives of Rutland county in the Green Mountain State, When the son was about 10 years old his parents removed to Manitowoc Co., Wis., where his father practiced the profession of a physician. Mr. Kellogg determined to enlist at an early period of the civil war. A proposition was made to enroll a regiment of sappers and miners, to be called the "Mechanics Fusileers Regiment" and composed wholly of mechanics, embracing PERSONAL RECORDS. 313 every branch of trade. They were designed to bo discipHned and drilled in military tactics but not for activity in the front of battle. Their operations were extended for the branch of ser- vice conducted in the beginning of 1862 by Gen. St. Clair Morton, of the Army of the Cum- berland, building bridges, stockades, etc. Mr. Kellogg enlisted in A Compau}', at Manitowoc, Wis., and went to Chicago with the organiza- tion to be incorporated in what was afterwards designated the o6th Illinois. Pending the com- pletion of the regiment, the enlisted men en- gaged in the construction of Camp Douglas, the camp for rebel prisoners at Chicago. Finally, Illinois claimed the regiment without crediting tlie Staies as stipulated and the soldiers rebelled. A speech was made to them by ".Jim" Lane, of Kansas, in the interest of pacification, but to no purpose and coercion was finally resorted to by the officers. Company A made resistance and tlie men composing it were marched to the po- lice headquarters and locked up, as a test. Every man stood to his guns, and Government settled this question by special order, muster- ing out the regiment. This was done in Chi- cago, leaving the men without pay and most of them without monev- Mr. Kellogg enlisted Sep. 4, 1862, at i'ort Washington, Wis., in K Company, 1st Wiscon- sin Cavahy, for three years, and was dischar- ged July 27, 1865. He joined the regiment as a recruit at Cape Girardeau, Mo., where he was engaged in scouting and raiding through the State on detached service, being divided into battalions, companies and even squads. Com- jDany K was sent to Greenville, and passed sev- eral weeks scouting in the vicinity of Jackson, Bloomfield, Pilot Knob, Farmington and Iron Mountain. At Cape Girardeau, the re-united command had an encounter with Marmaduke and defeated his force of marauders. In May following, the regiment set out to connect with the Army of the Cumberland at Nashville. Down the Mississippi, up the Ohio and Cum- berland, reaching their journey's end in June, was their history in brief, and thence to East Tennessee for the business of systematic war- fare, is the history of Mr. Kellogg's experience. He was in the fight at Chickamauga and star- ted with Sherman on the march to the sea, fighting in the numerous skirmishes and at Resaca, Dallas, Tunnel Hill, Buzzard Roost and Rocky Face Ridge, Ack worth, Big Shanty, Atlanta, and in the movement known as "Mc- Cook's Raid." During this time, he had used up six horses and, after two years of active ser- vice, was detailed to Division headtjuarters in the Quartermaster's Department, in which ser- vice he passed the remainder of his period of enlistment. Theodore M. Kellogg, liis brotlier, enlisted as musician in G Company, 39lh Wisconsin hundred-day men and after- wards enlisted in L Company, 1st Wisconsin Cavahy. His cou.sin, Albert Paine, enlisted in the 5lh Wisconsin and returned with shattered health, having been a prisoner at Anderson- ville for 11 months. Mr. Kellogg was married Dec. 9, 1870, to Sarah A. Matliers, of Depere, Brown Co., Wis. Their daughter Leda survives, and an infant son is deceased. Timothy Mathews, grand- father of Mrs. Kellogg, was in the Revolution and, with two sons, fought in 1812. Her father, AVyman Mathews, located at Green Bay, in 1833, and built there the Presbyterian church, the second structure of the kind in Wisconsin ; he built the first printing office in the State. Alter the war, Mr. Kellogg attended an academy at Cato, Wis., and then became a student in the Spencer Business College at Mil- waukee, where he made a thorough pre[)aration for a business life. He engaged in the .service of the Chicago & Northwestern corporation for ] 8 months and went next to Depere to act as Secretary of the Fox River Iron Company, in whose interests he operated 14 years, acting also as secretary of the West Depere Agricul- tural Works and in other enterprises. His next ventui'e was in the drug business at Gun- nison, Col., whence he came to Antigo in De- cember, 1883, and embarked in the business of lumbering, to be burnt out 18 months later, when he sold out and became tlie associate of W. B. Jolnis (see sketch) in the machine and foundry business, under the style of Johns & Kellogg. ILLIAM T. MOGER, of Green Bay, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 124, was born Aug. 12, 1846, at Peekskill, New York, and is the son of John J. and Theresa (Merritt) Moger. His father was born in New 314 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF York and was descended from sires of Revolu- tionary fame and who fought in 1812. His paternal grandmother died in 1SS7 at the age of 91 years. Mr. Moger was in early cliildhood when his parents went from Peekskill to the city of New York, and lie was 17 when he came West with them to Oconto, Wisconsin. When the war broke out he enlisted in New York but his plans were niterru])ted by the authority of his father. After coming to Wisconsin he en- listed in Company G, 41st Wisconsin Infantry, but he was again restrained from going forward with the command l)y his father. He again enlisted in Company C, 47th Wisconsin Infan- try, for one j^ear or during the war. He was sworn in before his father found out that he had again enrolled and received no further opposition from him as he saw his son's deter- mination and as, at that stage, legal proceedings were required to restrain him from going into actual service, he proceeded to the front with the regiment. He was accompanied by his older brother, Egbert, who went in the same company and was the colonel's Orderly. At Madison he was thrown from a horse which fell on him, injuring him severely, and he is still a sufferer from the hurt. He went from Madison to Nashville and thence to Edgefield where he was ill three weeks. Before leaving Madison he was detailed as surgeon's Orderly and served as such until July, when he was detailed to tiie headquarters of General Johnson at Murfreesboro and, a month later, returned to ins regiment. A week afterwards he was detailed as ward master in a bi'igade hospital at Tullahoma, and, after five weeks' service there, he started for home. On his return to (ireen Bay ho engaged in the milling business with his father. Their rela- tion continued until 1881 when their establish- ment was destroyed by fire and he lost all his property, having no insurance. His next ven- ture was in trade in groceries and provisions and he also did an extensive business as a tobacconist in which latter he is now engaged. He was one of the charter members of Post Timothy Howe, No. 124, and is present Chap- lain. (1888.) He has been active in the inter- ests of the organization since its inception. He was married .Jan. 2, 1888, to Georgie J. Brown. She is a member of a family of early connec- tion with the section of Wisconsin where she has passed iier life and is the niece of George Lawe. Mr, Moger is a sample of the sox-t of man developed from the right stock in our Nationality. His education and early training in the Empire State at a period full of interest in the history of the country, were such as to bring into life the inheritance left him by sires of patriotic and honorable principles. In all his connection with active existence, he has exerted such influence and personal effort as he could command in the right direction to secure lasting benefit to himself and the community of which he has been a creditable member. --j»t^*^>t^^ UTHER FORSYTH, of Merrill, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. \ji 131, was born Aug. 28, 1845, near ^ Zanesville, Muskingum Co., Ohio. His parents removed from the Buckeye State to Warner's Lauding (then) Bad Axe, Wis., and a year later they made another transfer to Iowa. He ol)tained a common school education and remained in Iowa until he went to the war. He enlisted before he was 17, enrolling May 17, 1862, in A Company, 21st Regiment, Iowa Volunteer Infantr)^ at Clinton, Iowa, for three years. He was made Corporal during the ser- vice and received honorable discharge at Shreveport, La., at the expiration of his term. His company was recruited for the 18th Iowa but the captain being made Lieutenant-Colonel of the 21st, the company went into that organ- ization, going into camp at Dubuque, where they remained until August. From there to St. Louis, thence to Holla and three weeks later to Hartsville, Mo., where they went into winter quarters and a season passed in scoutmg, skir- mishing and figliting guerrillas tells the story of the succeeding months. In the spring, Mr. Forsyth went with his command to Pilot Knob, thence to St. Genevieve, Mo., on the river, where thej' took boats for Young's Point near Vicksburg, skirmishing thereabouts through the campaign there, and after the surrender July 4, 1803, started for Jackson, Miss., in pur- suit of the fbrces of Joe Johnston, fighting them at Raymond on the night of the 5th. They were in the seven days' siege of Jackson and followed Johnston across the Pearl River and spent several days in tearing up railroad tracks, which point was reached July 28, 1863. PERSONAL RECORDS. 315 Following that he returned to Wisconsin on a 30 days furlough, being one of a fortunate few who obtained that privilege under a special Order of General Grant, permitting several soldiers from each regiment to absent them- selves from their respective commands. He went back from Princeton to join his regiment at New Orleans and about 10 days later started by rail from Algiers to Brashear City, La., and thence to make connection with the forces of the Red River expedition under General Banks. The regiment made a march of 80 miles to Opelousas and on their return under orders fought the lieavy action at Grand Coteau or Carrion Crow Bayou. Returning to New Or- leans, the corps was consolidated with the 19th and moved to Mustang Island on the Texan coast, whence the command went up the White River and to Duvall's Bluff, and marched from Memphis to Rolla. Jan. 16th, 1864, the regi- ment went to Indianola and in the spring to Algiers, thence to Memphis and went again to New Orleans. From there the command moved to Morganzia Bend on the Red River and returned thence to Algiers, where the corps was reorganized and took transports for Dau- phin Island in Mobile Bay. They participated in the Mobile campaign and was present at the reduction of Spanish Fort and surrender of Mobile. Succeeding that event, the regiment went to New Orleans and up the Red River to Shreveport to be released from military duty. Mr. Forsyth returned to Princeton where his first business connection was the management of a ferry-boat. Two years after, he went East, remaining a year, when he went back to Princeton to farm for a year, removing thence to Clinton, Iowa, where he operated as an engineer in a paper mill. He went from there to Cedar Rapids and entered the railroad shops as a machinist and after another year returned to Clinton and was employed in the same paper mill five years. Three subsequent years he worked in a sawmill, after which he operated seven months at St. Louis, coming thence to Wisconsin and has been occupied at various points as a professional engineer. In 1880 he went to Merrill and is now with the Merrill Lumber Company. He is the son of John Foster and Lucy (Hayden) Forsyth, both natives of Pennsylvania and of family lineage from New York. Three other sons were soldiers as follows : — Jacob, 20th Iowa, John and Jasper, E Company, 13th Iowa. Three cousins, John Forsyth, James Cunning- ham and R. Hayden, enlisted respectively in an Ohio regiment, the 17th Iowa and 1st Iowa Cavalry. Mr. Forsyth was married Dec, 13, 1867, to Maggie Ammon. William Ammon, herljrother, fought in E Company, 13th Iowa, and was in the service four years. The parents of Mrs. Forsyth were Frederick and Leah (Mooma) Ammon. Both parents were natives of Penn- sylvania. Mrs. Forsyth's great uncle, David Ammon, was a soldier in the Revolution and in 1812. ERDINAND JURY, of Clintonville, Waupaca Co., Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post John B. Wyman, No. 32, was born May 6, 1847, in France. He was a child of five years when his parents came with their family to America. Three years were passed in Connecticut and they removed from the land of wooden nutmegs to the State of New York. He was only 14 years old when the war was precipitated by the rebellious South and as soon as lie was old enough he determined to become a soldier. Accordingly, he enlisted July 16, 1863, in I Company, 2Uth New York Cavalry at Redwood, New York for three years. He received honorable discharge at Sacketts Harbor, New York Aug. 11, 1865, the war being at an end. The service he per- formed partook largely of the sort common to cavalry life consisting principally of skirmishes which seldom find adequate recognition any- where, officially or otherwise. Cavalry raiding and duty of a roving character is never fully understood save by those who perform it, but the privation and hardship is of a character commensurate with the marching and exposure of infantry. Mr. Jury was a participant in the capture of Fort Fisher, Jan. 16, 1865, his regi- ment fighting under General Terry on foot as infantry. He was also in the action at Sugar Loaf Battery. In one portion of his career as a military man he was in hospital, at Camp Getty, being slightly ill. After the war he came West and located at Clintonville, in 1874. His marriage to Cather- ine Thomas took place Jan. 22, 1868. Three children born to them are deceased and the mother has joined her little ones beyond the 316 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF dark river. • He was married a second time to Carrie Phillips and they have had six cliildren, one of whom is not living. Mr. Jury is a citi- zen of excellent repute and is much esteemed. •.-J»S>-i3»^*^^>^5*f- next (|uestion. "In the oflice of Squire Muel- ler," was his ref)ly. When his further exami- nation had determined his eligibility he ex- plained to Judge Dixon that he had been his own instructor. He has officiated two terms as District Attorney of Marathon county and seven terms as City Attorney. In the spring of 1887 he was again elected Justice of the Peace, and now holds that office (1888). He was married March 3, 1804, to Anna K. Keidel and they have a daughter — Ida. Their only son, Herman, was drowned in the Wiscon- sin River at Wausau when ho was yeai's old. Mr. Mueller has adopted the son of Mrs. Muel- ler's sister, John Walter Talbot Mueller, IG years of age. Mr. Mueller has been prominent in the affairs of Wausau since his residence there. He was a charter member of the first Lodge of Odd Fel- lows and has officiated in the Post as Comman- der, Vice-Commander and has acted as Aid on the staff of Gen. Lucius Fairchild, when Com- mander of Wisconsin. He affords a sample of the tj'pe of foreign citizens, who has aided sub- stantially in the progress, perpetuity and stability of the Republic. *-^>t^-^!t^S^<^^ Ik^'-yW^^N^^I^D BELI., Marinette, Wis., a >^l '"^'"ber of G. A. R. Post No. 207, I i/y was born Aug. 18, 1846, in Ontario, Canada. His father was a native of the island of Islay, Scotland, and was the son of one of the lairds of tlie island. His mother, Margaret Currie, before marriage, was born on Islay, and was the daughter of Archie Currie, also a holder on the same island. The parents moved to Canada soon after marriage and occu- pied a farm in the province 16 years. Their five sons and four daughters are all living. Malcolm and Archie are farmers near Fond du Lac, and Neil lives in that city. He was an enlisted man in the 2nd Wisconsin Cavalry. Margaret Crai-y lives in St. Lawrence county, New York. Mary McDougal lives in Fond du Lac county. Wis., and Katie Campbell lives in Rockford, Iowa. Duncan resides in Iowa, and Flora Rhodes in Nora Springs, Iowa. On com- ing to Wisconsin, the father located on a farm eight miles from Fond du Lac, and educated his cliildren in the common schools. Mr. IVllofthis sketch was 17 when he en- listed in Company A, 2nd Wisconsin Cavahy. The regiment went nito the camp of rendezvous at Madison, and from there went to Rolla, Mo., where the command obtained equipments, and the company operated as a battalion, as mail escort and guard until the spring of 1864. The regiment went to Vicksliurg, and in the spring the 1st battalion mentioned, joined the com- mand at that city. They were next assigned to accompany Grierson in his raids, and in that service destroyed railroads aud bridges and cajjtured mules. On one occasion, they met a rebel commissary and, unwilling that a drove of fat hogs should fall into rebel hands, they made a holocaust of them. Again, the advance arrested a preacher whom they brought toliead- quarters. He had a fine horse and answered the inquiries of General Osburn to the effect that he was a minister. The general told him he had a good horse of which the Union army was much in need. The preacher (?) urged that he needed it to get about his circuit, and the general responded, "The Saviour rode into Jerusalem on an ass and I guess it will not hurt you to ride on a mule." The Orderly tipped the preacher off and he departed. The main part of the regiment was encamped before Fort Cochran, and Company A was detailed to act as body-guard to Gen. N. G. T. Dana. In April following, Mr. Bell was ordered to join his com- mand, and he embarked at Memphis for Alex- andria, La., where the regiment was attached to the command of General Custer. They pro- ceeded to Austin, Texas, without difficulty, and remained there until ordered to Madison to be mustered out. He received all^arrearages due from the Government and returned to his father's farm. In November, 1865, Mr. Bell was seriously ill while in Louisiana with ague and bowel disease, and while in hospital wit- nessed the deaths of soldiers uncared for and unattended. After the war he attended school a year, then went to Green Bay and engaged in the lumber business for a time, and went thence to Rock- ford, Iowa. A year or two later he returned to Fond du Lac, entering upon the duties of clerk in the grocery store of D. M. McKay. He 318 SOLDIERS* ALBUM OP afterwards passed two months at Peshtigo, lum- bering, and located at Marinette July 6, 1871, employed by McCarty & Hamilton until Octo- ber, when their establishment was burned, and he lost all his personal property, including his discharge papers. During the winter follow- ing tlie fire of 1871, he was distributing agent , for tlie relief sent for the Peshtigo sufterers. He has been variously occupied for some years, and has taken steps to secure a homestead for his family. He was married to Hannah Burke, Aug. 10, 1875, and they have had several chil- dren. Maggie, Willie and Lucy are living ; Florence died when she was two years old. Mrs. Bell was born in Allison, Canada, and is the daughter of James Burke, a native of Limerick, Ireland. Her mother was born in Quebec. Of her five sisters and one brother, the latter is deceased. -^y>^''^»s>i^^<=«?H->^M5^ OEL WEEKS, a resident of Westfield, Marquette Co., Wisconsin, and a mem- ber of G. A. R. Post No. 65, was born Feb. 15, 1839, in Salem, Orleans Co., Vermont, and when he was five years old he came to Wisconsin. He was brought by a man named Dennis Fuller, into whose care he had fallen through the death of his parents. He has been a resident of the Badger State through his boyhood, youth and manhood, and enlisted June 11, 1861, at Coloma, in Com- pany E, 7th Wisconsin Infantry, in one of the oi'ganizations which afterwards constituted the " Iron Brigade." He remained at Montello in rendezvous, drilling in military tactics about a month, and proceeded thence to Camp Ran- dall at Madison, where he remained until Sept. 21st, when the regiment to Washington. He went to make connection with the several regiments in the command of General King at Chain Bridge on the Potomac, where the brig- gade was organized and returned to camp at Arlington Heights on the plantation of General Lee. March 16, 1862, their march was begun towards Richmond and Catlett's Station, in which they passed over the ground of the first Bull Run battle. On this march Mr. Weeks contracted disease from which he has never recovered. On the night of April 11th, he was on picket duty through the en- tire night in a terrible snow storm. He caught a severe cold which left his lungs per- manently diseased. Aug. 25th, Mr. Weeks went into hospital and was sent thence to Ports- mouth Grove, Rhode Island, arriving there Sept. 5th, and remaining until Dec, 9th, when he was discharged as disabled and returned to Wisconsin with permanently impaired health. He has since been engaged in the occu- pation of a farmer near Westfield, and has con- nected with its commoner branches, market gardening and bee-culture. Mr. Weeks is un- married, but his home displays all the taste and good management, usually indicative of the refining touch of a woman's hand. The arrangement and care of his garden is such as to attract general admiration. -j»t>««^»i^j^^<5"-^^^i^^<^5''-^*s^.^^'^'«f-'<^*=f-^ OIIN HENRY GODDARD, Brookside, Oconto Co., Wis., was born March 12, 1847, at Lowell, Mass. He was still in boyhood, when his parents, John and Ann (Libby) Goddard, came to Wisconsin and located at Pensaukee. His father was born in Lowell and enlisted October 16, 1861,. in the 12th Wisconsin Infantry and served three years. The mother was Ijorn in Harrison, Maine, and five of their children, four daugh- ters and a son, are living. Mr. Goddard enlisted December 24, 1863, in Company F, 12th Wisconsin Infantry, at Madison, as a recruit, and joined his regiment at Vickslnirg in March, 1864, and went thence to Cairo. In April, tlie detail to which he was attached was called up in the; night, marched to town and put on a steamer. Tliey arrived at Paducali about nine in the morning and received no rations until four in the afternoon. Forrest came to Paducali from the massacre of Fort Pillow and, after a struggle, failed to ob- tain possession of Memphis and withdrew. Mr. Goddard returned to Cairo and, soon after, went up the Ohio and Tennessee Rivers to Clifton and .started on a march of 300 miles to Ack- worth, Ga., where the regiment was assigned to Sherman's command. Mr. Goddard was in the fights at Kenesaw Mountain, Nickajack Creek, Bald Hill, siege of Atlanta and Jonesboro. He went to Savannah and tlience to Pocotaligo, was in the actions at Salkahatchie, Orangeliurg, Cheraw and Fayetteville and thence to Benton- ville, Goldsboro and Raleigh, whence he went to Washington and particijiated in the closing PERSONAL RECORDS. fi21 scenes. He was discharged at Louisville, .Tuly 16, 1865. He was mairied May 9, 1868, to Imngene L. Sutton of F)rookside, since deceased. Mr. God- t>-j»t^;^^<:«^^^«^«*^* NTONE BRUETl'E, of I'eshtigo, a ^ memher of G. A. R. Post No. 207 at i Marinette, was horn Aug. 12, 1837, in Montreal, Canada. He is the son j of Antune and Harriet (White) Bruette and he remained in the Dominion until 1S5U when he removed to Marinette and in 1866 he located at Peshtigo. His husiness in early life was that of a fisherman and he followed it as an occupation until he became a Uui(.)n soldier. He enlisted at Marinette, in September, 1861, in Comp)any F, 12th Wisconsin for three years. He was dis- charged in March, 1863, at Paducah, Ky., to en- able him to veteranize and received fiu.al dis- charge in .July, 1865, at Louisville, Ky. The command left the State in -January, 1862, for Missouri and proceeded to Weston, and thence to Leavenworth City preparatory to joining Lane's Southwest expedition and marched to Fort Scott. I^'rom there they marched to I^aw- rence and Fort Rile}', and back again to Leaven- worth City, where they were ordered to set out for Columbus, Ky. Again they made a fruit- less change, operations, in the vicinity of Cor- intli making their presence unnecessary, and they went to work repairing the railroad which the rebels had destroyed. The command pro- ceeded thence to jom Halleck at Humboldt, Tenn., and in October they went to Bolivar and, later made a forced march to reinforce Hurl- burt. The Tith was in the southward move- ment of Grant and did more of the same kind of marching — hard work without results — until 1863. From La Grange they went to Vicks- burgand engaged in the work in the trenches until the capitulation. From there they went to Jackson, where they were in battle and went thence to Natchez. Mi-. Bruette was in the Meridian expedition and, in the s])ring after re- turning from his furlough, started with Sher- man to become a j)art of the campaign to At- lanta and to engage in the lights at Kenesaw Mountain. He was in the siege of Atlanta and went through Georgia and the Carolinas. He was in the iiction at .Jonesboro and Orangeburg, at Fayetteville, and went to Bentonville and fi- nally to ( ioldsboro. He was in pursuit to Ra- leigh and went thence to Wasliington to pass muster at the Grand Review when his war re- cord ended and he came in July to Louisville, Ky., to be paid and discharged. He returned to Marinette and went thence as stated, to Peshtigo. He has since operated in the woods in the winter and on the river in summer and in saw mills. He was married to Mary Ann Loundry and following are the names of their children ; Adolphe, Harriet, Ida, Jvlizabeth, Eade, Ozanne, Clement, Mattie and Jjcander G. B. Charles is deceased. The father of Mrs. Bruette and two of her brothers were in the war. The mother of Mrs. Bruette was burned to death Oct. 8, 1871, in the great Peshtigo tire. -J"*^ -^^»!^>^^>^■<^-"'^*<^♦ RRIN GRAY, Grand Rapids, Wis., irvvv>j| member of G. A. R. Post No. 22, was K-l^^^J born April 1-1, 1836, in Canandagua, Ontario county, New York. He is the son of Peter and Sabrina (Parsons) Gray, and on his father's side is descended from patriots of the lievolution and of IS 12. When he was six years old his parents removed to Illinois, and when he was nine years old they came to Wisconsin, locating near Geneva, in Walworth county, and in 1848 they went to Baraboo, Wis. After receiving a common school education, he officiated as a clerk until he became a soldier. He enlisted Sept. 30, 1861, in Company A, 16th Wisconsin Infantry, at W^automa, Washara county, for three years. The regiment was organized and mustered into United States service at Camp Randall, Madi- 322 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF sou, and in the spring proceeded to St. Louis to make connection with the army of Grant and to fight a few days after at Pittsburg Land- ing, where Company A was on picket duty a mile in advance of the command of General Prentiss, wliere they were attacked on Sunday, April 6th, at 5 o'clock in the morning, and the captain of Company A was among the first to fall. Mr. Gray was next in the siege of Corinth and fought at luka and, later at Corinth. When the fight at luka was expected Mr. Gray was in command of Company A. When re- lieved from guard the soldiers went to a house for water. As Mr. Gray entered, a woman's white gown was thrown over him by mischiev- ous spirits and, a moment afterwards, word was brought of the approach of Grant and his staff. Li his haste to form the company Sergeant Gray forgot his attire, and Grant returned " salute " with a very conspicuous smile. Mr. Gray was attacked with chronic diarrha^a and liver disease and, until Dec. 10, 18()2, was in the hospital at Corintli, when he rejoined his regiment at Grand Junction. The regiment went thence to Vicksl)urg and Mr. Gray started with them, although he had been discharged Nov. 2.jth. The surgeons in charge of the hospital had jjrocured his dis- charge, and he left the regiment at Oxford and returned home. On the organization of his company he had been made Corporal and at Pittsburg Landing he was commissioned Or- derly Sergeant and performed the duties of the position until after Corinth. His commission bears the signature of Col. T. S. Allen. The officers urged him to remain with the com- mand, promising him a Lieutenant's commis- sion but he thought it wisest to recover his health and re-enlist. Li the spiing of 1803 he ottered his services to a recruiting oificer for the 4th Wi.sconsin, but was rejected by the exam- ining surgeon. A naval officer named Pride, opened an oftice at Ripon to enroll for that branch of the service and he offered his name but was again rejected. November 23, 1868, he enlisted in Company K, 1st Wisconsin Cav- alry, and was made Quarter Master's Sergeant of his company and joined the recruits at Nash- ville, December 1, 1863, and made connection with the regiment at Cleveland, Tenn., March 26, 1804. He was first in action about 10 miles from Cleveland, where 19 men were captured and conveyed to Andersonville. He escaped, having just left the outer for the inner picket line. May 3rd they started on the Atlanta cam- paign and he fought at Varnell's Station, May 7th. May 9th he was in a fight with a cav- alry force and was in the action at Resaca being under fire 28 successive days, fighting at Burnt Hickory, Ackworth, Big Shanty, Campbelltown, Marietta, Cartersville, Calhoun, Hopkinsville and Elizabethtown. In November he went to Louisville where the regiment was newly equipped and commenced the latter part of the movement to join Thomas at Nashville where they arrived Jan. 1, 1865. They went in a few days to winter quarters at Waterloo, Ala., and in March commenced movements preparatory to the final actions of April, 1865. Mr. Gray was in the action at Scottsville, and the capture of Selma. He was next in the advance to Montgomery, which was captured on the 12th. Mr. Gray was in the battalion that captared the bridge near Scottsville, which was attached to the personal command of General Dan Mc- Cook and were given the post of honor, entering ^Montgomery with the municipal officers of the city ; they were placed on guard to prevent pillage, as the body guard of McCook, accom- panying him to Macon, Ga., where they arrived April 21st and they were there discharged and marched to Louisville. Orders had been received for the re-organ- ization of the regiment for service in Texas and Mr. Gray applied for a furlough and came home. When he reached Madison, he found that a special order had been issued, mustering out the 1st Wisconsin Cavalry on account of active ser- vice and the part they took in the capture of Jett' Davis. He was mustered out July 19, 1865. After the war, Mr. Gray went to Wood county and has served as Clerk of tne town of Seneca 15 years. In 1884 he was elected Clerk of the Circuit Court and is still officiating in that posi- tion. He was married March ('5, 1859, to Sarah Jane Dutton. Their children surviving, nine in number, are named George, Frank 0., Wilbur, Orrin, Robbie, Nellie, Mamie and Katie. Five children are deceased; Annie died at eight years old, Minnie at 10 years old, Willie at 14 months, Laura at nine months and Henry in infancy. Mrs. Gray was born at Niagara Falls, and her father in Vermont. Her mother was born in the State of New York and was descended from ancestry, removed by several generations which were Irish in the male line, and Scotch in the PERSONAL RECORDS. 323 female. Her materual grandfather, .John De- Witt Lyons, was in the war of 1812. John Button, her brother, was a .soldier in the 29th Wisconsin Infantry, and lier uncle, James Cor- zett, was a Wisconsin soldier. Mr. Gray belongs to Post 17, at Pittsville, and has served as Post Commander two terms : he .served as Inspector of Posts on the staff of Commander Faircliild in 1S87. r^^REDERICK E. MCDOUGAL, Pittsville, =^ Wis., and a member (jf G. A. R. Post VCi^ No. 73, was born July 11, 1837, at Baton Rouge, La., and is the son of John Alexander and Mary (Shafer) McDougal. His maternal grandfather, Frederick Shafer, was a soldier in the war of tlie Revolution. His father was a soldier in the rebellion in Ireland in 1798. Frederick Shafer came to America after fighting in Ireland, and in 1794 fouglit in the Indian war in the Northwest Territory under "Mad Anthony Wayne." Anthony Shafer, grandfather of Mr. McDougal, was a soldier in Texas in 1811, when that territory was the property of Mexico, and he was killed at the the time of the betrayal of Hidalgo. After he was born the parents of Mr. McDougal removed to Missouri, and in 184G they came to Wisconsin. Mr. McDougal was 11 years old when he came to a part of Wisconsin, which was then in primitive condition, and he was brought up under the circumstances common to the day of first things in an unsettled section of the State. He enlisted under the .second call for troops by President Lincoln, Sept. 20, 1861, in Company E, IBth Wisconsin Infaiitry, at Friendship, for three years. He passed the winter of 1861-62 at Camp Randall, Madison, obtaining a know- ledge of military service, and left the State in March, and w'ent to connect with the forces of General Grant, and had his first encounter with the rebels in the sharp fight at Pittsburg Land- ing. He remained there until May, when he went to the siege of Corinth, and thence to the fight at luka. He was afterwards in tlje battle of Corinth, and went from camp near that place in November, to Grand Junction. He was taken sick and was in the hospital a few days, and when his regiment went on the Oxford raid he went as far as Holly Springs, where he was captured when Colonel Murphy surrendered the army supplies. He was released on parole and was discharged .Jan, 16, 1863, at Memphis on surgeon's certificate of disability. Mr. McDou- gal enlisted as a private, and soon after the bat- tle of Pittsburg Landing, was promoted to 7th Corporal, and a week later to 5th Corporal. The disease which incapacitated him from marching was a difficulty with tlie spine. He returned from the war to Wisconsin, and by perseverance, industry and the exercise of good judgment, he has acquired a position in the agricultural community, being the owner of a farm in Polk county, and another within the cori)oration of Pittsville. He was married April 11, 1863, to Clarinda L. Pitts. Mrs. McDougal had three brothers in the service during the civil war. They were named Oliver W., .John A. and Thomas D. John A. died at Washing- ton in September, 1863. The surviving chil- dren of Mr. and Mrs. McDougal are John A., Charity L. P., (Mrs. Bennett) Vienna L., Fred- erick W. F. and Mclcolm E. Luke N. and Louisa (Alexander) Pitts, the parents of Mrs. McDougal were natives of Pennsylvania. Moses Bennett, her brother-in-law, enlisted in Com- pany G, 7th Wisconsin Infantry, and died at Port Royal of injuries received at the battle of the Wilderness. Mr. McDougal Ijelongs to the class of people known as Scotch-Irish. He is of unmixed Scotch origin in the paternal line. -■s*t»-i>t^^^^' ler Co., Mass. He is the son of Christopher and Mary (Ward) .Jones, the former of whom traced his origin to 1628 to William Locke, the representative of that house who founded the family in America in 1634. He performed the remarkable feat of commg to this country with strangers at the age of 6 years. So far as can be ascertained he came with cous- ins and was at the time, an orphan. He lived at Woburn, Mass., and there married and reared his family. His son James was the father of Sarah Locke, who was a famous woman on ac- count of bravery in encounters with Indians who distressed the settlers at Weston, where her husband, William Jones, settled. Her son, Enos 324 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF Jones, founded the relation between the Lockes and his generations and descendants. His son Edmnnd, was the father of Cliristoplier, wlio forms the hnk in the third remove. Ilonier S. Jones was 14 when he came West with liis un- cle, (iihuan Jones, who luid adoi)tcd liim when lie was 2 years old. His fatliei- died when he was 18 months old. His uncle located at New Huflalo, Mich., where he attended school until IG, when another removal was effected to Hori- con, which has since been the place of abode of Mr. Jones, with the exception of four years he passed in Michigan after the war. His uncle was a manufacturer of horse hay rakes and the nephew became a skilled workman in wood which was his occupation until war made it ap- parent that it was becoming a man and citizen of the Republic to make an abruj)t change. He enlisted Aug. 20, 1862, at Horicon in Company K, 29th Wisconsin Infantry, and received hon- orable discharge June 22, 1865, at Shreveport,La. After being in rendezvous at Camp Randall, Madison, he went to Helena, Ark., to the Army of the Tennessee and, later, went to the Depart- ment of the Gulf. He was in the actions and expeditions to the White River, Friar's Point, Yazoo Pass, St. Francis River, Port Gibson, 14-Mile Creek, Champion's Hill, Vicksburg, the skirmishes of the Red River expedition, Sabine Cross Roads, Cane River, and his ser- vice included the marches and other experien- ces of the command with the constructing of Bailey's famous dam. After changes in the location of the regiment, Mr. Jones went to Morganzia and was in plenty of skirmishes until he went to White River. The following operations of the command included move- ments on the river of varied character, and when the end was near at hand, the regiment went to the siege of Spanish Fort. They went to Mobile after the capitulation, and thence io Shreveport, where its members were mustered out. At Champion's Hill, he was wounded by a minie ball in his right hip (May 1(5, 1863) and remained at the battlefield hospital four weeks, when he was removed to Black River Landing, where he was taken to a hospital boat, remain- ing eiglit days and was then taken to Gayosa hospital at Memphis, where he remained until the capitulation of Vicksburg. ■ He received a 30-day furlough and came home to Horicon. He reported back to the hospital, where he re- mained a few days before he went to Fort Pick- ering Convalescent Camp at Memphis, Aug. 1.5th, going a few weeks later to Harvey hospi- tal at Madison. He was one of those selected by Mrs. Harvey to be returned to Wisconsin, and was the first man carried into the liospital which that honored lady secured through per- sonal application to the President. After four months treatment there, he rejoined his regi- ment at Pleasant Hill on the Red River expe- dition, and was in the subsequent actions as stated. He was a witness of the explosion at Mobile, and at Shreveport saw the surrender of Jeff Thompson. After the war, he was occupied with lousiness, associated with his uncle and removed to Alle- gan, Mich., in 1867, where he was interested in the same connection m the manufacture of rakes. After three years, he went to Pentwater and started a planing mill for the preparation of house lumber, returning again to Horicon 10 months after. While in Michigan, Mr. Jones was burnt out in tlie spring of 1868, meeting with heavy loss without insurance. The disaster and the climate, whicli disagreed with his health, induced him to return to Hor- icon. He is now occupied in tlie employ of D. C. Yan Brunt as engineer. He was married Nov. 8, 1866, to Helen E. Sherman, and their children are named Grant S., Sherman W. and Alta May. The two oldest are twins. Eleazer Grant and Mary (Wright) Sherman, both na- tives of New York, were the parents of Mrs. Jones. "William Sherman, her uncle, was a soldier in the late war from New York. She is the step-daughter of Daniel C. Van Brunt, the senior partner of Van Brunt & Wilkins, manu- facturers at Horicon. Mr. Davis, of the firm of \'an Brunt & Davis, is her brother-in-law and he was a soldier in the 114th New York In- fantry. Mr. .Jones has served his Post as Adjutant several term.s, as Junior Vice-Comnuaider and is prominent in the Order of Odd Fellows, in which he is Past Noble Grand. HARLES M. TURNER, resident at Stevens Point, Wis., and formerly a soldier of the civil war, was born at Rodman, Jefferson Co., New York, March 28, 1839. His father, Henry Turner, was a descendant of a family of Holland Dutch line- PERSONAL RECORDS. 32j1 age and married Rosetta P. Edwards. The mother was bom in Vermont in 1810 and mar- ried her husband in New York. They re- moved to Wisconsin in 1S54, and located at Behnont, Portage county. The former died at the age of 62 years in that place and the latter is still living, aged 7S years. Mr. Turner was a lad of 15 years when he came to Wisconsin and he learned the business of a farmer in which his father was engaged in connection with the calling of a blacksmith. He was occupied on his father's farm until he attained his majority, when he turned his at- tention to his own interests and was variously occupied until he entered the army. He en- listed Nov. 4, 1864, in Company C, 1st Wiscon- sin Cavalry as a recruit in Badger, Portage county. He joined the reorganized command at Louisville, where the regiment received new equipments. Thence, Mr. Turner moved with his company in pursuit of General Lyons and his detachment of rebel cavalry, whom they overtook at Hopkinsville and after the fight there pursued them to Elizabethtown. He went next to winter quarters at AVaterloo, Ala., and in the spring took up the march to the interior of the State to destroy rebel supplies and factories and everything else that would tend to cripple the strength and resources of the rebellious States. Mr. Turner was in the march to Centerville and in the capture of Selma, moving thence to Montgomery, driving the rebels and entering the city. He was in the action with the run- ning rebels between their two fortifications and went thence to West Point. He was in the assault on and capture of Fort Tyler and after- wards went to Macon, and Mr. Turner was one of the detail of 30 men under Lieutenant Hewitt, who guarded the cross roads at Dublin while Colonel Harnden went on to the capture of the chief of the confederacy. After Davis was taken, the detail returned to Macon and the reunited regiment moved to Nashville to be discharged. Mr. Turner received honorable discharge at Nashville, July 30, 1865. He was mounted on a mule during his sojourn in Georgia and the animal which was distin- guished for unsatisfactory business as a cavalry beast came to a sudden collapse one day, after which Mr. Turner was reduced to the alterna- tive of going on foot. S. H. Almond and John Turner, his brothers, were enlisted men in Wisconsin regiments. Almond died in the service from disease and his body was brought back to Berlin. After his release from military duty Mr. Turner returned to Belmont, and engaged in varied occupations until 18(i7, when he located at Dayton, Waujjaca county, and was there a resi- dent about tliree years. He again removed to Belmonffor a four years' I'esidence and thence went to Plainfield wliere he remained about two years. He then broke up keeping house as he designed to travel and, on resuming a settled life, located at Stevens Point. He was married in 1871 to Georgia Ann, daughter of David R. and Maria M(jrgan. She was born in Waupaca county and diixl at Bel- mont. Three of their children are living — Zelia, Mortimer and Winnie Grace. The two first named reside at Lone Pine. The youngest lives in Oasis. ■•-^»i^-^»i^;^^<5«f-*ff«--. ^<^ AMUEL PATTERSON MING, Ai)ple- ton, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 133, was born Jan. 18, 1818, in Smith county, Tenn. He has l^een a citizen of Appleton since 1855, and is wholly identified with the interests of ~tlie section to which he came in early manhood. He enlisted March 24, 1862, at Benton Bar- racks, St. Louis, Mo., as a private in I Company, 3rd Wisconsin Cavalry, for three years. On tlie formation of his company he was made Ser- geant, and received his discharge at Madison, July 25, 1863, on account of disability. After his return to Appleton he wais appointed Deputy Provost ^h^rshal of Outagamie county by Curtis R. Merrill, the United States Provost Marshal for the 6th Congressional District. He received his appointment in August, 1863, and officiated in the duties thereunto pertaining imtil 1865. The Third Wisconsin Cavahy left Benton Barracks May 3d, 1862, and reached Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, eight days afterwards. They were there ecjuipped, divided into battal- ions and distributed at different points through- out the State. Company I was assigned to the Second Battalion, and sent to Fort Scott, arriv- ing there about the middle of June. From there, the company was sent to Carthage, 65 326 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF miles distant, to protect Unionists and dis- perse guerrilla bands. August 4th, the com- pany went to search for the rebels and found them in considerable force at "Church in the Woods." A charge was made by the command, consisting of 125 men under Captain Conkey, Company I, (see sketch) into a camp of 2,000 rebels, without loss. Ten" days later the com- pany was in a skirmish at Montevallo, and at Taberville Company I distinguished itself for bravery. At Coon Creek they were again in action, the Union force dispersnig 1,500 rebels. Li tlie severe service Mr. Ming became ill from exposure, marching and guard duty, and re- ceived hte release from militar}' allegiance as has been stated. While lie was still in childhood, his parents removed to Northern Alabama, (Limestone county) and he i-emained there until he was 17 years of age, and obtained a common school education, such as the south afforded at that time. The intervals between the term of .school he passed on the farm of his lather, and when 18 he became an apprentice to learn the car- riage-making liusiness. He remained in Western Tennessee two years, when he proceeded to Nash- ville to complete his knowledge of the business in which he proposed to pass his life. He con- tinued in that city four yegirs and afterward spent some time at various points in the South. In 1S40 he went to Holly Springs, Miss., where he remained two years. Frcin there he went to Tennessee to engage in the manufacture of cot- ton gins. Later he went to Memphis where he worked in a plow factory. While there, in 1842, he joined the famous Santa Fe expedition, inaugurated by Texas against Mexico. The promises were very large and several hundred Americans accepted them to enter on a long march at their own expense, to furnish all their supplies and also clothes. Starvation was also an item in the affair and Mr. Ming, after endur- ing the hardships as long as he thought profit- able, retraced his steps after a period of six months. He resumed his work in the plow fac- tory at Memphis and in 1843 went to Lexington, Mo., where he worked as a manufaturer of wagons and carriages until 1849. He went next to In- dependence, Mo., where he .stayed until the spring of 1850. At that point, the California emigrants obtained their outfits for the trip across the plains and Mr. Ming caught the gold fever. He sent his family to the Western Re- serve, Ohio, and made preparations to journey to the land of gold. On the day he had fixed as that of departure he sold his outfit and started for Ohio to see his wife and children, thinking this one of the most sensible tli.ugshe had ever done. Within the year 185U he went to Chicago and there obtained employment at his trade. He returned in the fall to Franklin Mills, Portage Co., Ohio, and went thence to Tallmadge, Summit county, five miles east of Akron. There he worked in a large carriage factory in the employ of Oviatt & Sperry until he came to Appleton to establish a permanent residence in the spring of 1855. He estalilished his business there and was occupied in its prose- cution until he enlisted in 1862. After the ex- piration of his term as Deputy Provost Marshal he engaged for a time in his accustomed busi- ness, but poor health interfered witli its prose- cution and he afterwards operated as a pattern maker and at millwrighting, in which he en- gaged until 1872. He was then elected Justice of the Peace and is still the incumbent of the of- fice in which he has continued since his first election. Mr. Ming is the son of .Josepli B. and Sarah Ann (Hodges) Ming, both natives of North Caro- lina. The marriage of Mr. Ming to Mary E. Andrews took place Jan. 20, 1843. They had eight children. Hiram S. enlisted in 1861, at the age of 17, in Companj'^ E, 2nd Wis- consin Infantry as a drummer boy and went through all the engagements in which the "Iron Brigade" was involved during three years' service. While the father was in Ivansas and Missouri, the son was in the Army of the Potomac, and the mother was at home maintaining herself and her family. The sec- ond child was Sarah E., Richard Henry was the name of the third, and he died at three months old at Lexington, Mo. Charles Richard was a water boy on tlie Chicago & Northwestern rail- way and was killed on the train at 13 years of age while his father was in the service. Leon A., Henry P. and Charles Frank were the names of the others. The mother died in 1887, leav- ing a precious memory as one who had per- formed worthily all the duties of wife and mother. In 1878 Mr. Ming was married to Catherine West. Of this union two children — Mary Eleanor and Katie West — have been born. Joseph B. Ming, his father, was second in order of birth of seven children and his own family included three sons and three daughters. Mr. PERSONAL RECORDS. ■^11 Ming of this sketch has served several terms in Appleton as Alderman. ILLIAM T. KING, a prominent citizen of Waupun, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post, Lysan- der Cutler, at Wausau, was born April 29, 1846, at Bristol, Pa., where he passed the first 11 years of his life. He is the .son of Wm. T. and Caroline E. (Burns) King and his father was born in Eling Parish, Hantz County, England. He was a seaman in the British navy and was "bought out" by his uncle. The mother was born near the city of Philadelphia, and was a member of a family of the Keystone State of long standing, and was Scotch by descent. The maternal grandfather of Mr. King was a soldier in 1812. In 1851 Mr. King ac- companied his parents to Burlington, N. .1., where he attended the common schools and was otherwise engaged until he entered the army. He enlisted Dec. 3, 1861, at Philadelphia when 15 years old, enrolling in Company L, 6th U. S. Cavalr}' in the regular army. The regiment went into camp at Washington in a position east of the Capitol, Dec. 24th, and remained there until March 10th of the following spring, when the army of the Potomac advanced into Virginia and the "6th" were in the advance and skirmished all the way through the Peninsula, acting in the reserve. Colonel Emery was in command of the vegi- ment which was attached to the brigade of General Stoneman. Afterwards, Company L, was ordered to return to Washington from Fair- fax, C. H., and acted as patrol guard in the city until July 1, 1862, when it rejoined the- regi- ment, in the Army of the Potomac at Har- rison's Landing. About that date, Mr. King was thrown from a horse, receiving contusion of the chest. He was sent to Hampton hospital where he also suffered from chronic diarrhoea, remaining about five weeks, when he went to King street Branch hospital just out of Alexan- dria. He went next to King Street hospital, and was afterv\ards transferred to Bellevue hos- pital at New York, whence he went to Fort Hamilton, New York. As soon as able he was transferred to the Old Convalescent Camp in ^"irginia, between Washington and Alexandria. He went next to a hospital in Philadelphia and thence to the New Convalescent Camp where he received honorable discharge March 26, 1863. He returned to Bristol, his native place, where he passed sometime in recuperating his health, but has never fully recovered. He commenced work when al>le to do so, in the iron works at Bristol, where he was employed two years. His next employ was on a steamboat, running be- tween Bristol and Philadelphia, in which he operated two summers. April 19, 1867, he reached Waupun, Wis., where he has been a citizen, with the exception of a few months passed in the employ of firms at other places. He is a hou.se painter by trade. He was mar- ried Dec. 11, 1880, to Carrie L. Kuhn, and they have one son named Willie P. ••-i>t;»'»-J»t^*^^>^5*f-*«tf5^ Miles G. A. R. Post No. 47, was born Sep. 20, 1829, at Sackett's Harbor, .Jefferson Co., New York. He is the son of Abiather and Hannah (Homnan) Waldo and in the paternal line of descent is of French extraction and his forbears were in the war of 1812. The mother was born on Long Island and was of stock of New York origin. He was a carpenter by trade until his enlistment after he reached a suitable age to engage in business and, in the fall of 1854, he came West to Rock- ford, III., and thence in July, 1855, to Oshkosh and for some j'cars was a resident at Winne- conne. In the spring of 1861 he went to Ripon where he obtained employ at his trade as a builder. He enlisted at Ripon Oct. 21, 1861, as a wagoner in Company E, 1st Wisconsin Cavalry for three years and received honorable discharge Oct. 21, 1864, at Calhoun, Ga., his term of service having expired. He left the State with the regiment March 16, 1862, and in April went to Cape Girardeau, Mo. He was in the detachment that went to Bloomfield wi'ile the regiment went to Helena, Ark., and he re- mained tliere until he was taken ill and went to hospital with chronic diarrhoea and after- wards was ill a long time with typhoid fever. His wife came to take care of him and the wife of the quartermaster of the hospital was alsothere when the rebels made a raid and the two wo- men and himself were placed in an ambulance 328 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF and taken to Greenville, Mo. He remained there until the return of the regiment from Helena when he was removed to Patterson. His wife was taken sick with typhoid fever and died at Patterson where she was buried. Their child, a daughter three years old, was left with an aunt at Winneconne and he was compelled to remain at the front. The regiment remained at Patterson to re- cruit and tliere .set out in chase of Marmaduke. Prior to setting out, the convalescents were ordered up for inspection and Mr. Waldo made personal appeal to Colonel LaGrange for per- mission to accompany the detail. He was given an ambulance to drive, and when too weak to harness and care for his team he was supplied witli assistance. He went to West Plains and was on the march all winter, return- ing in the spring to Pilot Knob. He grew stronger while absent and was not again re- moved from the regiment. He went from Pilot Knob to St. Genevieve on the Mississippi and marched thence to Cape Girardeau, partici- pating in numberless skirmishes in the chase after Marmaduke. He was in the actions at Cape Chrardeau and Bloomfield, and marched and traveled on transp(.>rts to connect with liosecrans' command prior to the fight at Cliick- amauga, where he celeljrated his birthday, Sept. 20th, in battle. They went to Chat- tanooga and, .soon after, fought at Anderson's Gap, pursuing the rebel cavalry after that action. Mr. Waldo was in the skirmish at Maysville, and also at Strawberry Plains and New Market and in the action at Dandridge. Mr. Waldo was in an ambulance escort and guarding a train where the descent was so steep that a detail of men held a rope attached to the rear of an ambulance to pre- vent its toppling over the horses. It was filled with wounded men. On withdrawal to Bridge- port their passage was most perilous and the next train that followed was captured and burned by tlie rebels. At Bridgeport, in Octo- ber, Mr. Waldo was taken sick and sent to the field hospital at Na.shville, and he remained there until early spring. In opposition to the wishes of his phj'sician and the matron he ap- pealed to the Major in connnand for permission to rejoin the regiment and did so at Red Clay below Nashville. He was in the chase of Hood and went with the com nand to Marietta, Ga., in July and next on the Grand March, the cav- alry operating as circumstances dictated in the rear of Atlanta under Dan. McCook. While waiting for Kilpatrick they destroyed 21 miles of railroad and finally crossed at Griffin where a tremendous figlit took place and theii' lieu- tenant colonel, Torrey, was killed. Th^jy were surrounded by rebels and McCook (-ailed for volunteers to charge through. Colonel .James Brownlow of the 1st East Tennessee made tlie dash and the entire force ran a gauntlet of a mile under a severe cress fire. Some of their horses stampeded, running back into the rebel lines and leaving 200 men dismounted. Mr. Waldo drowned his horse in swimming at Cliattahoochie and captured a rebel's horse two miles from the river ; he was three days march from Marietta. He went to Carterville and was next in action at Altoona, going back to Cal- houn where he was discharged as stated. He went to Nashville, and thence to Louisville and came home to Winneconne. In March, 1S(J5, he went to Chicago, where he enlisted with Hancock's ^^eterans and went to Washington, where he was a.ssigned to Com- pany H, 2nd II. S. Veterans for one year's ser- vice. The command marched down the valley of the Shenandoah and were at Winchester on the day of the assassinatidu of the President, whence they were ordered l)ack to Wasiiington. Tliey went into camp on the Maryland side and Mr. Waldo was detailed to the ^Vmbulance Corps to accompany a detail of the regiment to go to Spotsylva.nia. They disembarked at Acquia Creek for their de.stination, where they passed four weeks engaged in collecting the Union dead, wlio had lain there for a year, and es- tal)lish two National Cemeteries. To accom- plish their work they formed a skirmish line covering every inch of ground and placed the bones they collected in gunny sacks. Coffins had been brought down and in each were placed twelve skulls and bones to make the complement and the account was kept by the number of skulls, the aggregate being over 3,000. The coffins were tlien buried. It was a sickening experience. Rain had been fol- lowed by a hot sun and the service performed by the detail is left to the imagination. But it was worthy work, and the relatives of the unknown dead are comforted by the knowledge that it was done by the Government as soon as possible. After it was done the regiment was sent to the State of New York and there separated into companies. That of Mr. Waldo was sent to Syracuse with headquarters at El- PERSONAL RECORDS. 329 mira. They remained there until the New York commands were mustered out. There was a camp of rebels at Syracuse, and the pres- ence of troops was an absolute necessity. Mr. Waldo reported at Elmira after completing his duty at Syracuse and was made Orderly to Colo- nel Van Cuthero and remained in that position until the expiration of his enlistment. After his return from the war he again re- sumed his business as a carpenter, and in 1868 he went to Winneconne and engaged with the C. M. & St. P. railroad corporation, remov- ing in 1871 to Oshkosh and engaged in the employ of the C. & N. W. railroad. He went to the shops of the same company at Fond du Lac and, in the following spring, he went to Marinette and was in charge of the shops there two years. In the spring of 1873 he went to Fort Howard to assume the management of the car department. He went next to Elroy, and two years later returned to Fort Howard to resume his former connection in the shops of the same company for whom he has worked 17 years. He was married September 15, 1852, to Anna Eliza Appleton, at Tylersville, .Jefferson county, New York. His wife died as stated, leaving a daughter named Mary Adell. Mr. Waldo was married November 4, ISliS, to Maggie Lewis Griffith, and they have one daughter named Nellie J. Mrs. Waldo was of Welsh descent. David Appleton, the brother of the first wife, was in the same company with Mr. Waldo, was wounded at Buzzard Roost and died at Atlanta. ENJAMIN LEWIS CORNISH, a pro- minent citizen and business man at Oshkosh, Wis., was born Aug. 11, 1837, at Bangor, Franklin Co., New His parents were Sanford and Elizabeth G.-(Ayer) Cornish, his father being of English and his mother of Scotch descent. His grand- father was in the war of the Revolution. His great grandfather came to America from Eng- land. Mr. Cornish enlisted Aug. 25, 1862, in Company D, 32nd Wisconsin Infantry and, at the formation of the Company, was made Ser- geant and, afterwards. Orderly Sergeant. In April, 1865, he was commissioned 2nd Lieu- tenant of his company and, later, as 1st Lieu- York. tenant, but was not able to muster, as he was on the march from Atlanta to the sea. When he received his first commission, the captain of Company D was detailed as Judge Advocate and the 1st Lieutenant was in command of Company I. During the historic march to the sea, Mr. Cornish was in command of his com- pany, and also in the parade at Washington. He afterwards received pay for services as 2nd Lieutenant and never lost a day's service while with the army. Mr. Cornish was a pupil in the schools of Bangor and came to Wisconsin in 1854. He engaged in farming in Winnebago county. After the war, he bought a farm in the town of Algoma in the same county. In 1881, he fixed his residence in the city of Osh- kosh, where he has since lived and prosecuted his interests. He has held many offices of trust in his city and county ; he served as Chairman of the Board of Supervisors two terms and as Alderman of the 1st Ward during 1887 — 8. He holds, by appointment of the .Judge of the Circuit Court, a commission on the Committee to asse.ss and award damages to lands, caused by the overflow of the Govern- ment dam at Menasha. Mr. Cornish was married Aug. 13, 1865, to Frances H. Fisk. They have three children — Herbert E., Grace A. and Ross Carlton. /f^^ EORGE A. MCKEE, of Black Creek, | [ r |\ Wis., and a member of G. A. R. \^i Post, J. W. Appleton, No. 116, was born March 19, 1841, in Youngs- ville, Warren Co., Pa. He attained to the age of manhood in his native State and enlisted when he was a few months past his twentieth birthday as a soldier for the suppression of the rebellion. He enrolled Aug. 15, 1861, in D Company, 83rd Pennsylvania Infantry, at Youngsville, for three years, and received hon- orable discharge Sept. 20, 1864, at Harrisburg, Pa., having served until the expiration of his term. He participated in 14 battles and a number of skirmishes, among which were Yorktown, Hanover C. H., Gaines Mills, Savage Station, Turkey Hill, Malvern Hill, Chancel- lorsville, Fredericksburg, Gettysburg, Gum Spring, Mine Run, Wilderness and Petersburg. In .June, 1862, his regiment was on the penin- 330 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF sula and on tlie first day of the inonth, he was wounded and was taken i)risoner on the 9th. The army was tlien in retreat from Wliite House aeross tlie peninsula to the James River and he was taken to Libhy ])rison in Richmond and thence, a month later to Belle Island, where he remained until about Se|)teml)er 15th, when he was paroled. At the time of the l)at- tle known as Savage Station he as.sistcd in the removal of the wounded to that place. .They were piled about three deep. The distance was about 30 miles and three were dcnid when they reached their destination. All the time he was in prison he was sick. The lirst day's rations at fjibby were two pieces of hard tack and a pint of colfee. Three or four days after, tliey re- ceived for rations a half loaf of stale bread about as large and as hard as a brick. A half pound of beef accom])anied, but it was eaten raw for want of lire to cook it. At Belle Island the fare was still worse, consisting of bread of the most miserable character and twice a week black bean soup, or soup made of material filled with maggots was on the bill of fare. Mr. McKee came from Penn.sylvania to Cicero, Outagamie Co., Wis., in iS(li), and re- moved thence to Black (Jreek in I.SSI!. Previous to the war he was employed in a woolen factory and after it operated as a farmer. He has been prominent in the municipal government of the several places where he has resided and at Cicero was Chairman of the County Board of Sujiervisors. He served fourteen years as Jus- tice of tlu^ Teace, one term of which he has officiated at Black Creek. He is also Notary Public and collec^tion agent. He was married in 18(57 at Miles Grove, Erie Co., Pa., to Ada Sylvester. Their children arc William, Emma O., Mary A., Georgia, Eliza- beth and Mary Alvina. The father of Mr. McKee was of Scotch de-scent and was born in Berks Co., Pa. His mother was a relative of General Greene of Revolutionary fame. Mrs. McKee was born in Pittslield, Warren Co., Pa., and is (Jerman by lineage. [^0RANK P. KENNEDY, Antigo, Wis., I r^— » and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 78, was born Nov. 11, 1846, at Con- sbohocken, Montgomery county, Pa. He isthe son of Michael and Elizabeth (Mckean) Kennedy. His father was boi-n in Ireland, in County Tipperary, and was 18 years old when he came to America. The mother was four years old when her father came to this country. Mr. Kennedy was four years old when his par- ents located at Neosho, Dodge county, VVis., on a farm where tlie sons of the family were brouglit ujt. The father of Mr. Kennedy of this sketch, kept him at home until lie was nearly 21, and lu; enlisted February 25, 1865, in Company E, 48th Wisconsin Infantry. The regiment was in rendezvous at Milwaukc^e, whence the command proceeded to Kansas, and Comjiany E with three others marched from PaoH to Fort Scott. On arrival there, the detach- ments of the regiment were employed for three months in preparing timber for repairing the fortifications, and they erected new hospitals and oHii'er's quarters. In August the regiment went to Lawrence. The men expected to be (liscliarged from military service, but instead, performed a heavy march of 250 miles to Fort Zarah, Kansas, which was garrisoned by Com- panies EandG. Mr. Kennedy remained there, engaged in the duty of jirotecting the govern- ment mails and trains from the Indian guerr- illas who had not learned that the war was (uided. In December Mr. Kennedy went to Fort Leavenworth and was mustered out De- (;ember 30, 18()5. He returned to Neosho where hi' managed his father's farm about two j'ear.s, when he entered the employ of the Iron Ridge (bmpany. At the end of a year he went to Ajjpleton where he was engaged on a farm two years, when he changed that business for the manufacture of shoes. He was after- wards engaged in other business at Appleton for same time, and went to the pineries in the interest of Wliorton Brothers, after which he worked two years as a teamster for the Apple- ton Iron Company. His father had died while he was in the war, and he went from Appleton to Neosho, where he continued one year as administrator of his father's estate, sold the farm and returned to Ajipleton. After working in the pulp mill two years he took possession of a farm, which iie homesteaded, in Langlade county, on which he has since resided, and pur- sued his agricultural interests with profit. Mr. Kennedy was married Oct. 28, 1873, to Nora E. Hafner. Their children are named Elizabeth, John, Alice, Mary and Catherine. Maggie died when three months old. James Kennedy, the l^rother of Mr. Kennedy, enlisted PERSONAL RECORDS. 331 in the 57tli Illinois Infantry early in the war, and was taken prisoner and paroled. He after- wards cuine to Neonah to visit a sister, and he enlisted in Company A, 1st Wisconsin Heavy Artillery. Ho h^ft Milwaukee to join the com- mand and, October 27, 1863, returned to his former command, and was never heard from afterwards. Two cousins of Mr. Kennedy named John and WilHnm Kennedy, enlisted from Kansas. Mrs. Kennedy was born in Neenah. MAR L. HARDER, (heen Bay, Wis., was born September 'J, 1847, in Towanda, Bradford Co., Pennsyl- vania. His fatlier, Failing Cornel- ius Harder, was born in Duchess county. New York, and belongeil to the Xiin Ren.ssalaer lineage. His mother, Ennly (Sickler) Harder, was born in Wysox, Bradford Co., Pa. In the Wyoming massacre, lier mother and grand- mother were witnesses of the slaughter of sev- eral members of tlie family. He is descended in lioth lines from patriots of the Revojutiori and 1812. When he was eight years old Mr. Harder went to Ovvego, N. Y.,with his parents, where he was brought n\). When he was IB years old he enlisted July 8, 18()3, as musician in Company B, 21st regi- ment New York Cavalry at < )wego, N. Y., for three years, and was discharged June 8, 18()(), at Denver, Colorado. The regiment was known as the Griswold Light Cavalry, named after John A. Griswold of Troy, N. Y., and went into camp at Troy, going from thence to Staten Island where tliey were on duty two months. The 1st of November they joined the army in the Shenandoah Valley and were assigned to the command of Colonel W. B. Tibbits with the 1st New York Lincoln Cavalry, the 14th Penn- sylvania Cavalry and were finally brigaded under Duttie. He was tir.st in action in tlie spring of 1864 at Moorefield and fought at Cloyd's Mountain and New Market, at Pied- mont, Lynchburg, Bunker Hill, l^uckle.stown, Solomon's Gap, Va., Brownsville and Freder- ick, Fredericksville, Hillsboro, Snickers Gap, Ash by Gap, Kernstown, Winchester, Martins- burg, Charlestown, Ninevah, Rood's Hill and Liberty Mills, Va. At Kernstown Mr. Harder delivered to Colonel Mulligan the last order he received before he was killed. (See sketch of T. and B. Breen.) Mr. Plarder was never absent a day from his command. Two days after the (irand Review at Washington, his brigade, with two others, was sent to the fron- tier. Department of the Platte and they made tlie route on the Ohio River from Wheeling, W. Va., to the Mississippi and thence to the Missouri Landing at Leavenworth, Kas., where the connnand was sent to various points in the West, the 21st going to Fort Collins, Col., where they were assigned to look after the Indians. In the fall of 18(55 the regiment was on duty in the annual distribution of presents to the Ute Indians. After the war Mr. Harder returned to Owego and a year later removed to Green Bay. He is engaged in a saw repairing and furnishing business. He has acted as a member of the Common Council of Green Bay two years. He was married March 7, 1871, to Abbie Barnes, who was born in West Virginia, and is a descendant of earlier settlers of that State. Her people were all Unioni.sts and many of her relatives were in the Union service. I>ank Harder enlisted in the 12th Wisconsin Infan- try, Jacob Harder in a Pennsylvania regiment and Henry Harder in an Ohio regiment; these were uncles of Mr. Harder. It should have been mentioned in the proper place that 15 of his 20 engagements wore in the months of June and July, 1864, and his company lost 27 killed and wounded. ■►^3*^ •^?»^^^^«^^• ETER K DEWAR, of Merrill, Wis., and formerly a defender of the Union in the Civil War, was born Aug. 14, 1848, in Lockport, Niagara Co., New York. His father, John Dewar, was a native of the Dominion of Canada and mar- ried Elizalieth Irvine of the .'^anie country. When he was an infant he was brought to Waukesha, Wis., by an aunt, and he there lived until the war of the rebellion. He was anxious I'rom the first to enlist but he was only 12 years old within the first year of the war. He was a little more than 16 at the time he enlisted in the 4th Wisconsin Cavalry, Dec, 1863, and soon after he was transferred to the 332 SOLDIERS ALBUM OF 14th Wisconsin Infantry, in which he served through the remainder of the war. He en- listed as a recruit and made connection with the 14th in company with the portion of the command that had veteranized and re- turned in March to Vicksburg. The portion of the same regiment which accompanied tlie expedition up the Red River had been gone six days when the second part,'whicb proceeded with Siiennan's army to Atlanta, arrived at Vicksburg. Mr. Dewar was in Company B. From Atlanta he returned to Nashville, where a consolidation was made and the command was in the fighting of Hood at that place, and chased him across the Tennessee River. Mr. Dewar was in the action at Atlanta, July 22nd, and 28th, and Kenesaw Mountain, and proceeded to Spanish Fort, where the 14th made the assault on the fortifications. Mr. Dewar was in advance of Ins company, which was deployed as skirmishers and pressed ahead until he was within 20 feet of the fort before the column advanced to his support. The next move was to Fort Blakely, thence to Mobile and to Montgomery, Ala., where they were when the termination of hostilities came. The route thence was to New Orletins, where they were placed on transports and sent North. Mr. Dewar n^turued to Waukesha and six months later went to the pineries of Northern Wisconsin, where he was engaged in logging and lumbering until 1885. He has passed 20 years in the vicinity of Wausau and Merrill, and in the year last mentioned he was ap- pointed Deputy Sheriff of Marathon county, and in 188(J of Lincoln county. At Rock Falls, Wis., he was Town Treasurer. He was married Sept. 3, 1886, to Ida M. Hollis. The parents of Mrs. Dewar were Jo- seph and Mina A. (Hinton) Hollis. L. Hollis, her uncle, was in the late war. Mr. Dewar was elected Chief of Police of Merrill in the spring of 1888. ♦r3»^*^5»^j^^«ff»«f— "^fe-^ ^^^v^/ ILLLAM TOWNSEND, Clinton- I^M'^W ^^^^^> Waupaca Co., Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post J. B. Wyman, No. 32, was born June 2, 1839, in Manchester, Lancashire, England. He was just past his majority when he came to America, landing at the port of New York. He came thence to Wisconsin and lived in several places until he decided to enter the military ser- vice of his adopted country. February 23, 1864, he enlisted in Company G, Third Wisconsin In- fantry at Neenah for three years. Aug. 22, 1865, he was discliarged at Madison, Wisconsin, where he hud been in the hospital about 6 months. He was wounded at Averysboro, March 16, 1865, a minie ball entering his head at the corner of his right eye and coming out below his left ear. It ])assed through the collar of his overcoat, carrying fragments of the thick cloth into the wound. Pie was a participant in all the actions in which his regiment was engaged from the time he made connection with the command as a recruit in the same month in which he en- listed until the battle named. They were Res- aca, Dallas, Kenesaw Mountain, all the warfare around Atlanta and in the progress of the con- quering Union forces through the Carolinas. He was in field hospital at Goldsboro and Newbern until the move to the city of New York April 5tb, and, alter arrival there on the 8th he went to McDougal hospital, remaining until April 26tb, when he came to Madison, Wis. After being there released from military obligations he located at Neenah, which was his place of abode until 1870, when he went to Minnesota and aftt'r bis return again to Wiscon- sin lie went to Waupaca county in 1881, finally locating in Clinton ville. He is a citizen of en- terprising spirit and a Republican in political faith. July 27, 1866, he was mai'ried to Alice L. Jones, of Winchester, Wis. They have three sons and one daughter. The two oldest sons are members of the Order of Sons of Veterans, Luman Clinton Camp. Mr. Townsend is Com- mander of John R. Wyman Post at Clinton- ville. (1887.) WT LBERT THEODORE KOCH, of Wau- -*/ \'' ^^^^' ^^^^^■' ^^^ born Nov. 9, 1839, in Yl^^V Pomerania, Prussia. He lias been a citizen of Wausau since 1876, has estal)lished a permanent and popular business as a physician, and is one of the leading prac- titioners in the place where he resides. Dr. Koch came to America with his parents, Gottlieb and Regina (Darvitz) Koch in 1856. PERSONAL RECORDS. 333 His father was a miller in his native country, and also a farmer, and on coming to America he engaged in the latter avocation in Water- town, Wisconsin. The son received the henefit of the excellent educational system of Prussia, and, after passing some years on his fjitlier's farm he went to Minnesota to engage in far- ming, and in the sale nf agricultiu'al imple- ments. Dec. 1, ISGo, he enlisted at Wawatonna, Minn., enrolling in Company C, 2nd Minnesota Caval- ry for three years. The regiment was enlisted and mustered for frontier service, and for fight- ing Indians. Tlie rendezvous for some time was at Fort SnelHng, and later it was sent to Fort Ridgely, where the soldiers encountered extended experience of the roughest character. In addition to the inevitaltle and perilous scout- ing, they operated as constructors of fortifica- tions and repairing forts. They huilt Fort Rice on the Missouri River, and Wadsworth in Da- kota, thirty miles from Big Stone Lake. In the Had Lands, tliey had daily encounters with the reilskins and night skirmishes were frequent. After the struggle at the edge of the Bad Lands, on the Little Missouri River, the troops crossed the Yellowstone River and proceeded to a place 40 miles ahove Fort Union, the junction of that river with the Missouri, where they participated in an important battle, in which many Indians were slaughtered. Fighting continued several days, and activities were kept up at night. The enlistment and discharge of Mr. Koch were under the Americanised form of his name, (^ook. He was discharged Nov. 16, 1865. He returned to Minnesota and devoted his at- tention to the study of medicine, which has since been his vocation. He instituted his first practices at St. Ansgar, Iowa, and after several years lie came to Wausau. He was married March 4, 18()7, to Martha Ea.stman, a native o Savannah, Illinois. They have lost three children. Eddie died at the age of six years; Helien died when nine years old ; Ella was two years old when her death occurred. OIIN COX, Marinette, Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 207, was born in Mer- ton, Waukesha Co., Wis., October 29, 1847, and is the son of John and Mary (Hennessy) Cox. The father was born in County Longford, Ireland, and the mother was born in County Farlin. Mr. Cox enlisted January 26, 1865, in Com- pany B, 3rd Wisconsin Infantry, at Fond du I^ac, for one year, or the war, and received honorable discharge July 18, 1865. He enlis- ted as a recruit and went to Madison. He went under orders to Hart's Island in New York harbor and tiience to the city of New York and sailed to Hilton Head, S. C, where the recruits received equipment, and marched 20 miles to Combahoe Ferry, where he perfor- med guard duty six weeks. The detail were ol)]iged to forage and, on one of their expedi- tions, they crossed the river into the rebel lines and were attacked by guerillas; when their pickets were driven in, they retreated, crossing the river and tearing up the bridge to prevent pursuit. The skirmish continued until the rebels retreated, and the Union soldiers retur- ned to camp with their wounded. Soon after, they marched to Fortress Monroe and finally made connection with the regiment at Raleigh, N. C. Mr. Cox had inflammation of the eyes, and on the route from Raleigh northward, he stepped into a hole and received a permanent injury in his right ankle. He was treated by J. Griffin Conley and his assistant, Thomas Copff, Surgeons of the ord Wisconsin, was ex- empt from all duty and was transferred to the convalescent camp at Alexandria, Va. His regiment came to Washington preparatory to the Grand Review, and he came thence to Louisville, Ky., where he was mustered out and returned home. Following are the officers of the regiment : Colonel, Geo. W. Stevenson ; Captain, John C. Klevan ; Lieutenants, Hegg and Amidon. Mr. Cox was in the Division of General Ruger and in the Brigade of General Hawley. The brothers and sisters of Mr. Cox were named Eliza, Mary, Catherine, Margaret, James, Michael and Matthew. Mr. Cox was married October 7, 1871, at Marinette, to Cath- erine Guilfoyle. Their children are named John, Julia, Katie, Mary, Joseph, Agnes and Laura. James was born April 22, 1874, and died in July of the same year. Mr. Cox is in the employ of the Kirby Carpenter Co. at Me- nominee. The pai'cnts of Mrs. Cox were born in Ireland, where her father was a teacher by profession. Her mother came to America with 334 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OP three cliildren — two daughters und a son. She died March 24, 1885, at Peshtigo, Wis. See sketch of James O'Connell. -^»>i •^>i;^;^^'^*c^-►^tf5«^- ENRY GIBSON, Westfield, Mar- quette Co., Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 65, was born in AVest- field, Chattauqua Co., New York, June 4, 1836, and spent his boyhood in the place of liis nativity. When he was 14 years of age his faaiiiy removed to Wisconsin and lived in Keno.sha county until they removed to Marquette county in 1852. June 15, 1861, he enlisted in Company E, 7th Wisconsin Infantry, at Harrisville, for three years. He was in rendezvous with his regiment and in all the movements preliminary to join- ing the army of Virginia and was in every })attle and skirmish and march and variety of service in wiiich his regiment was involved until the battle of Gettysburg and wliich in- cluded Gainesville, second Bull Run, South Mountain, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Fitz Hugh's Crossing, Chancellorsville, and he went into the action at Gettysburg. Captain Levi E. Pond being wounded in the early part of the day. Lieutenant Gibson assumed command of the company, and late in the afternoon, was taken prisoner. After the battle was over, he was paroled and sent to Annapolis and, about six weeks later was exchanged when he re- turned to his command and reported for duty. Mr. Gibson enlisted as a private and, on the formation of his company, was made Corporal and passed every grade of promotion as Ser- geant, 1st Sergeant and 2nd Lieutenant, and had been commissioned 1st Lieutenant Dec. 22, 1862, and was acting in that capacity at the date of the battle of Gettysburg. In the battle of Bull Run he was wounded in both hands but refused to go to the rear and remained with his company, although he was unfitted for active duty. His enthusiasm was at fever heat and he believed that he could be of some sort of service if he remained with his com- mand. After the battle he refused to go to the hospital and went into the action at South Mountain while his hands were still bandaged and where he performed his duty to the last degree. During his first engagement on the 28th of August, at Gainesville, the "7th" was stationed to hold a position and about sundown the firing commenced. It was found at dark that the men had only one round of ammuni- tion and tiiey were ordered to lie down and hold the situation ; soon after, an object was discovered moving along in a zigzag course toward the line. Mr. Gibson raised his gun with bayonet presented and the moving oiyect, which proved to be a rebel otficer, failed to see the bayonet until he struck it, and he seized hold of the bayonet and cried out "who are you?" Mr. Gibson replied "7th Wisconsin; who are you?" The rebel replied "Captain Hardiman, 12th Georgia." "You are my prisoner, re- sponded Mr. Gibson, cocking his piece and or- dering the rebel to surrender and deliver his sabre and revolvers. The rebel refused to do this as Mr. Gibson wore the insignia designating the rank of a Corporal. The latter deferred to the nice scruples of the rebel and called for his captain who received the side arms of the pris- oner and Mr. Gibson found his rank suffi- ciently high to eft'ectually guard His Confeder- ate Highness througli tiie night. He was after- wards exchanged and subsequently they had several meetings on the field, and whenever opportunity occurred. Captain Hardiman sent his grateful remembrance to the 7th Wis- consin for the considerate treatment received at their hands. On one occasion Mr. Gibson and a comrade was engaged in foraging when they rode up to a house and asked the mistress to sell them two canteens of milk, offering to pay for it at any price, but she affirmed that she liad none. Mr. Gibson was of the opinion that she had plenty of milk as he noticed two good cows and a calf in the near vicinity. He returned and tried again with like result when he went back and shot the calf, returning again to the house, and calling the lady out and to say " Madam, when another soldier asks for milk, you can have some for him, for I have just weaned your calf." After being exchanged Lieutenant Gibson joined his regiment on the Rappahannock in time to be present at the anniversary of Antietam, when the brigade was presented with " the flag wliich was the joint offering of Wisconsin, Indiana and Michigan and he was in the actions in the defense of Washington, Mine Run and in the Wilderness, and resigned March 30, 1864, on PERSONAL RECORDS. 335 account of disability. He returned to West- field where he has since resided. Ijieutenant (iibson is the son of Daniel and Dorothy (C^ollins) Gibson. His ancestral stock was from New Hampshire, and his maternal grandfather was a soldier of the Revolution. Four generations in the paternal line have fur- nished a soldier and a hunter and, in these i"e- spects Lieutenant Gibson represents his ances- tral prowess and daring, and possesses a fund of incidents of sporting life full of interest and amusement. He was married Dec. 9, 18()5, to Grace Laing. Frank, their only child, was born Jan. 3, 1874. Mary L. and Walter, are ceased. •»-»»;^-»-^»^ <^5<-<->^*tf-» AXBHLLIAN FORVTLLY, a citi- zen of Menominee, Mich., and ^^)^=^ member of G. A. R, Post No. 2(36, was born Oct. 20, 1844, in Grees, Province of Braben, Belgium. He is the son of Frank and Mary (Mark) Forvilly and came to America with them when he was eleven years old. His father was a stone ma- son by trade and had served in the revolution in his country in 18:J0. They settled on a farm in the vicinity of Green Bay, Wisconsin, to which they came as soon as they landed and the place was cleared, the house built and all other improvements made by the father and sons. The farm is in the possession of Mr. Forvilly who worked on it until he decided to become a soldier. He enlisted Nov. 28, 18G1, in G C'ompany, 17th Wisconsin Infantry at Green Bay for three years and was then 1.5 years old. The command rendezvoused at Camp Randall, Madison, and went to St. Louis soon after, receiving orders to make connection with Grant's forces at Fort Donelson but the fort was taken before their arrival. Mr. For- villy went with the command to the fight at Pittsburg Landing, and thence to the siege of Cor- inth. At Camp Mine, in that vicinity Mr. For- villy was wounded in the left leg above the ankle (May 28th) before the evacuation of the place, he being in the advance skirmish line. He went to the field hosjiital and was attended by Surgeon Mc Ken nan. The regiment erected breastworks and re- mained until fall and October 3rd and 4th he was in the fight with Price and Van Dorn, most of his company being taken prison- ers and he narrowly escaping. He was at Fort Robinett when Colonel Rugers, a rebel, was killed in an attempt to plant the confederate flag on the fort. He was in the march and fight at Holly Springs, (irand .Junction, Cold Spring, Spring Bottom and was in the retreat from Cofteeville to Memphis. He went by ti'ansport to Lake Providence, La., participated in the cutting of the levee to drive the rebels out of the swamps, helped to dig the canal at Milliken's Bend, crossed the Mississippi River at Grand Gulf, went next to Jackson, Miss., fought at Raymond and Pleasant Hill, went to the Black River, where he assisted to tear down a cotton gin to obtain materials to liuild a bridge in the night, marched to the rear of Vicksburg, where he was in a heavy charge, (May 19, 1862), laying afterwards in a ravine from which they escaped in the darkness and as- sisted in the construction of rifle pits and other defenses preparatory to regular siege. He was detailed to aid in building Logan's Fort on the Jackson road and was in the final action at Vicksburg on July 4th. He went thence to Natchez where the regiment was mounted and scouted about that locality, and near Franklin, etc. In a fight at the latter placed the rebels were captured and the regiment crossed to the Louisiana side of the Mississippi River, marched to Trinity, and captured a rebel transjiort and gunboat which was burned. The next day they laid a pontoon bridge, crossed the river and captured Fort Beavuegurd in a charge, taking six heavy siege guns and caissons and ammunition. The fort liad been mined but did not explode until 12 at night after it had been rifled. Mr. Forvilly returned to Natchez and went to Vicksburg. He was among the non-veterans of the regiment and was assigned to the 14th Wisconsin to complete his term, (Company G). He went on the Red River expedition in the loth Corps under A. J. Smith. He was in the capture of Fort de Ru.ssy, skirmished every day, fought at Clouterville, Mai'sliville and Yellow Bayou, and chased the rebels to Pleasant Hill, returned to the mouth of the Red River and was in a two-days fight at Atchafalaya Bayou and Maxfield's. Severing connection with the Red River expedition he went to Memphis to be sent after Forrest to Tupelo, intercepting the rebel at Camargo Cross Roads. Near Pontotoc 336 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF the rebels charged the train and were repulsed with loss. The colors of the 6th Mississippi were captured July 13th by Mr. Forvilly, and carried from the field by Captain Mansfield in command of the regiment, and when the regi- ment returned to Memphis, Mr. Forvilly marched through the streets of the city with the captured colors. He fought in the battle at Tupelo against Forrest, where the battle cry was " Fort Pillow " and thousands of dead rebels lay on the field in remembrance of that atrocity. Mr. P^orvilly returned again to Mem- phis, thence went to St. Charles, Ark., and built a fort on the White River, then to Duvall's Bluffs, next to Brownvilie Station, thence under Mower to i)ursue Price and Marmaduke, marched 340 miles and fought two days at Booneviile, Mo., where Price lost his command. Next to St. Louis and thence to Nashville to participate in the Franklin fight, to retreat to Nashville, to fight two days (Dec. 15-16) at Nashville, to chase and disperse Hood's armj' and to join Sherman's army before Chattanooga, was the next outline of the movements. The non- veterans of the 17tli, (61 of them) were detailed to join Sherman and went to Baltimore and Annapolis, and thence to Beaufort and Newbern and participated in the fight on the Neuse River and joined Sherman at Goldsljoro whe -e Mr. Forvilly was discharged April 7tli, 1865. ■^>t^-'^>t^!^^s '-q;>^TEWART NEWELL, of Chilton, Wis., '' member of G. A. R. Post No. 205, was born Oct. 11, 1817, in Vermont, and he is the son of Jeffrey and Christiana (Traver) Newell. They located at Hudson, New York in 1821, where he grew to manhood and accjuired a complete knowledge of the business of an engineer and in 1847 he came to Detroit and engaged as engineer on the Michigan Central railroad, running the second engine that was started in Michigan. He came a farm at He to Wisconsin in 1848, and bought Brothertown, Calumet county. ±ie was ignor- ant of farming and remained on the place until his money was exhausted and again engaged in a business he did understand to secure more funds. He went to Illinois and run a locomo- tive one year and conducted a railroad shop two years, after whicli lie returned to Calumet county. He was one of the first to enlist in the first call for troops in April, 1861, and he enrolled in an infantry company enlisted by Captain Harrison C. Hobart who afterwards was made Brigadier General. The company was reported to the governor of Wisconsin for assignment to the first regiment, but that or- ganization being full it was assigned to the 4th Wisconsin Infantry as Company K. On the formation of the company Mr. Newell was made Sergeant. Sept. 1st he was commissioned 2nd Lieutenant, and in May, 1862, was made Quar- termaster of the regiment and served in that position until Captain Hobart was commissioned Lieutenant Colonel of the 21st Wisconsin In- fantry, when he was called to the com- mand of his company and he served in the position until he resigned Dec. 18, 1862, on surgeon's certificate of disability. The regiment left the State in July, 1861, and while passing through New York, tran.s- portation was refused at Corning, when Colonel Paine called for volunteer service as engineers from Tiis command; Lieutenant Newell moun- ted the cab of a locomotive aud run the train to Elmira. When the command reached Har- risburg, news was received of the disaster of Bull Run, and Colonel Paine obtained some old muskets for the regiment. Lieutenant Newell went to Baltimore and thence on the Eastern Shore expedition, afterwards to New- port News and embarked on the "Constitution" to go to Ship Island with Butler, and was in Hampton Roads, when the rebel ram Merrimac made her appearance and the Constitution escaped the fate of the Congress, Cumberland and Minnesota by running the batteries of Sewell's Point in the niglit. Lieutenant Newell went with Butler's command to the storming of Forts Jackson and St. Phillips at the mouth of the Mississippi, where the 4th Wisconsin made their way to the rear of the forts and, through their action, the garrison surrendered. May 1, 1862, the regiment reached New Orleans and, in company with the 3 1st Mas.sachusetts, was the first to take possession of the city. At New Orleans, Lieutenant Newell was made Quartermaster and acted as such during both expeditions to Vicksburg and the construction of Butler's canal. He was a participant in all the movements of the regiment at Vicksburg, in the destruction of Grand Gulf, and fought Breckenridge at Baton Rouge. He was in ^ .i ^ ^ i ^ 6. d'. '^. ^^i^i^. 8. <^lLJut HI). 6S<^^.^. PERSONAL RECORDS. 337 command of his company in the action at Bon- necarre Point and remained afterwards at Ba- ton liouge until he resigned. On liis return to Cliilton, he resumed his busi- ness and became a citizen, who has sustained liis record in a manner in accord witli his service as a soldier. He lias officiated for many years as a Justice of the Peace at Chilton and is at present (1SS8) Police Justice. He has been nominated several times for the position of County Clerk and Clerk of the Court on the Republican ticket, but has been defeated, owing to his residence in an overwhelmingly Demo- cratic county. He has officiated also as Post- master at Brothertown for several years. He was married Oct. 11, 1840, to Amanda Chesebro, of Oneida county. New York, and they had three daughters. They all married, had children and are deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Newell have brought up five of their grand- children and one is now a member of their family. Mr. Newell is now 71 years old. Sev- eral of his ancestors were in the war of the Revolution. ORENZO SEYMOUR KNOX, of Ap- pleton. Wis., Commander of Post George D. Eggleston, No. 183, G. A. R. of (1887) was born in Rus- sell, St. Lawrence Co., New York, Oct. 21, 1841. A few days before he was 21, he enlisted as a private in C Company, 32nd Wisconsin Infan- try, at Dayton, Marquette Co., Wis., for three years. On the formation of his company he was made 4th Sergeant. The termination of the war closed his career as a soldier and he was discharged at Washington, D. C, June 23, 1865. He was mustered into service Sept. 25, 1802, and left the State with his regiment on the 30th of October following. He was in camp at Memphis, November 3rd, and was assigned to the 5th Brigade and 1st Division, Corps of General Sherman. Soon after, orders were received for the regiment to proceed to the assistance of General (irant in the rear of Vicksburg, but the disaster at Holly Springs caused a change, and they retraced their route where they arrived considerably decimated from the exhaustion of the soldiers on the ter- rible march. The last of December and the first of January the regiment were in the pur- suit of Forrest, and in February returned to Memphis and performed guard and camp eedoni, where they were living on a farm and remained until July, when he reported at Madison and, in company with a number of re- cruits, proceeded toKansas to join his command. The regiment had been distributed at various points in the State under the Provost Marshal General, Colonel Barstow, formerly of the Third Cavalry. Company I, was stationed at Fort Scott where Major Henning was acting as Deputy Provost Marshal. Colonel .Jewell was command- ing the force of scouts near La Mar and had three men in his squad. Mr. Palmer was de- tailed to carry despatches between the advance of the detail of Companies I, F and C, to the scouting party. He performed the duty alone, riding, on an average, from eighty to one hun- dred and twenty miles a day and exhausting a liorse everyday. The adventures he had and those he narrowly escaped were numberless. It is a curious fact that only in romance are such stoi'ies fully told. It is impo.ssible to ade- quately delineate on a historical page all that was endured and struggled with by cavalrymen in the late war. Mr. Palmer was instrumental in tracing and bringing to judgment many rep- resentatives of the bushwhacking fraternity, in- curring danger which may be illustrated by one experience in which a minie ball clipped his right ear-lock. His excessive riding induced hemorrhoids of a type that necessitated change and he was transferred to Company H, Veteran Reserve Corps at St. Louis, in the fall of 1863. He went thence to Camp Reynolds, twelve miles from Pittsburg, Pa. There he was ill with small pox and after his recovery was retained as a nurse in the hospital. At the time of Morgan's raid into Ohio in July, 1863, Mr. Palmer went to the front in the capacity of hospital steward, returning thence to his former post where he was occupied as head nurse until his discharge. He left Camp Reynolds in the fall of 1864, the army contingents being ordered to remove to Chambersburg by the way of Uniontown on the Collinsville railroad. From that place he marched to Laurel Hill and while there Cham- bersburg was burned, and the guard to which he belonged threw up intrenchments for their own protection. Mr. Palmer was married to Mrs. Laura Stowe, March 3, 1856, in Talmadge, Ohio. Their only child, Cornelia E., was born Jan. 24, 1857, and is the wife of Herbert S. Lindsley of Apple- ton. Mrs. Palmer is the daughter of Amos and Maria (Collins) Benedict. She was born Feb. 17, 1820, at Cornwall, Conn. She was married to James Stowe at Brinfield, Ohio, Oct. 10,1837. He died in Illinois August 3, 1851, leaving two sons, named Amos Zebulon and Dennis Gilbert. The former was born Sept. 28, 1841, and the latter, March 11, 1844. Amos married Maria Haskell in September, 1863, and died at Apple- ton, December 5, 1864, leaving one son, Walter James Stowe, who was born Oct. 17, 1864. The grandmother of Mrs. Palmer, Polly Landon Col- lins, was killed on the night of her marriage to Mr. Stowe. A tornado occurred at Stowe, Sum- mit Co., Ohio, in which she and three other per- sons were killed, and a cane which once belonged to Timothy Collins, the grandfather of Mrs. Collins, which bears the marks of mutilation received in that storm, is still pi'eserved in the family. Dennis G. Stowe married Helen Gurnee, who died June 20, 1882 ; he was mar- ried again to Mina Benedict, and their only child, Gaylord B., was born March 27, 1887. Mr. Palmer is a re.spected citizen of Appleton of long standing. He is known as a friend to honest industry, and as a pi'omoter of whole- some social regulations. He has been a mem- ber of the Post at Appleton from its inception, and is prominent in the organization. His por- trait, which appears on page 336, was copied from a photograph which was taken in 1888. 28, ENNIS MEIDAM, florist, resident at '■ Appleton, Wis., belongs to G. A. R. Post, No. 133, of which he is a charter member. He was born April 1846, in Geldermallsen in the Netherlands. PERSONAL RECORDS. 341 He is the son of John and Rijke (Van Smallen) Meidam, and came to America with them in 1851. The family landed at the port of New York and the father engaged in business rela- tions in Erie county in the same State until 1853, when they located in Appleton, Wiscon- sin. Mr. Meidam was only fifteen years old when the country was involved in war and, as soon as he was old enough, he enlisted, enroll- ing Oct. 7, 18G4, as a recruit in F Company, 12th Wisconsin Infantry, at Appleton for three years or during the war. He was honorably discharged .July 16, 1865, at Louisville, Ky. He was examined at Green Bay and reported to tiie military authorities at Madison, whence he went to join the regiment at Lookout Moun- tain preparatory to proceeding to Atlanta, there to connect with the force of General Sherman and march to the sea. He was a participant in all the important movements of tiiat campaign and fought at Pocotaligo and at Orangel)urg and was present at the final proceedings at Benton ville. He had his severest experience while on the way to Washington to take part in the closing scenes there. The march from Raleigh was particularly hard from tlie condi- tion of the roads and the heat and dust. To Mr. Meidam, the occasion was ])articularly dis- tressing from an injury to liis foot which he sustained in youth and unusual exercise aggra- vated the trouble. The command had a rest near Arlington before crossing the Long Bridge to Washington. After the war he returned to Appleton and was variously employed for some time, and finally a.ssumed charge of a corps of men en- gaged in the construction of the Lake Shore railroad. When it was completed he engaged with Mr. J. E. Harriman, the superintendent of the Riverside cemetery at Appleton, where he conducts his business as a florist and has charge of the greenhouses. He has been thrifty and industrious and is a man of probity and stain- less character, possessing the sturdy honesty and sound sense of his nation. He was married June 9, 1870, to Martha, daughter of Dennis A. and Margaret (De Witt) Van Owen. Mrs. Meidam was born in the same town in Holland as her husband, came to America on the same ship with him and was married to him in Appleton. They have seven children named John H., Henry B., Dennis Jr., Kate, Jennie, Margaret and Stephen Willard. Mr. and Mrs. Meidam both belong to a race which possesses traits of patriotism and love of country which have made it prominent in its own and the history of other nations. Members of her family became soldiers in the civil war in this country; an uncle of his, named Antoine Meidam was an enlisted man in a Michigan regiment, and his brother, Stephen, whose sketch appears on another page, was also a sol- dier. Mr. Meidam's portrait on page 336 was copied from a photograph taken in 1888. -^'*^'-s>t^$^^^^i<:;->^^*,s-' SQUIRE W. PETERS, of Green Bay, Wis., a member of G. A. R. Po.st No. 124, was born Dec. 6, 1847, at Sum- mer Hill Cayuga Co., New York, and is the son of William H. and Sarah Ann (Lane) Peters. The former was born at Summer Hill and was the son of a man who, lielonged to the early generations of the Empire state. An earlier ancestor was a sol- dier in the Revolution and was captured by the Indians. He was a man of cultivated mind and spoke six languages. While among the Indians he learned their speech. Herman Peters, father of William H., was a soldier in 1812. The mother was born at Batavia, New York, was descended from English ances- try and her father was drowned when she was five years old. The senior Peters started with his family in 1849 for the west, traveling on the lakes to Milwaukee and experiencing a ter- rible storm on the lake. It was believed by all on board that the boat would founder and the father got into a wagonbox on the deck, taking his son with him thinking to save him if the boat went down. They arrived safely in Mil- waukee and went to Pewaukee, Marquette Co., Wis., where the father "took up" a farm in the woods and improved it. He then sold it and bought a form in Harrisville in the the same county. The senior Peters was much respected by the pioneers of that section, among whom were some wealthy Southerners for whom he built a dock on lake Buffalo. He was a man of fine traits of character, generous and affiible and, always popular among his as- sociates. The son was brought up on his fath- er's farm and enlisted at Harrisville, but was rejected on account of his youth. Soon after, he went to .Janesville and enlisted Feb. 16, 342 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF 18G4 in Company E, 7th Wis., Infantry for three years and received honorable discharge July 3, 1S65, at Jeft'ersonville, Indiana. The veterans of the 7tli liad returned to Wis- consin on tlieir furlough and Mr. Peters enlisted as a recruit. He joined the regiment at Cul- pepper Court House and fought with the Iron Brigade in the battle of the Wilderness. On the 6th of ^hly he received a bullet through the right forearm, the Itone being shattered, and he was sent to Finley hospital at Washington and soon received a 30 days furlough and returned to Wisconsin. His furlough was entended to 60 days and he rejoined his regiment in season to tight at Hatcher's Run. In December he was in the fight on the Weldon railroad and was engaged in a continued skirmish with the rebels. He was in the second fight at Hatcher's Run or Dabney's Mill and was next in battle at Gravelly Run. The battle of Five Forks was tlie next fight in which he was engaged and he was in the various skirmishes until tlie sur- render of Lee. During his absence in the armj^, his father had moved to Montello. He commenced to learn the trade of a cooper, which he ])ur- sued for a short time and then bought out a grocer's stock. In addition to this business he officiated as postmaster until he sold out, when he built a cooper's shop and managed his inter- ests in that direction until 1878 when he sold out and went to Green Bay where he entered the employ of D. AV. Britton in the same line of business. He remained in that connection seven years, meanwhile conducting an extensive millinery business, in connection with liis wife, five years. He is now engaged as salesman with Jones, Mock tt Falkensteni. He was married July 2, 1870, to Lillian B. Dartt and their child- ren are named Walter and Gertrude L. The Dartt family wei"e formerl}' from Vermont and of English origin. Mrs. Peters is of (Quaker descent on her mother's side. William H. Peters continued his operations as a farmer at Montello and two years after his removal there commenced the study of law which' he prosecuted vmtil admitted to practice in the State and Federal courts and was occupied in legal business until liis death. He was elected constable of Marquette county liefore its division and was always prominent in matters pertain- ing to the general interest of the place where he lived. In 1858 he was made County Judge and served four years. He was afterwards elected States Attorney, holding the office several terms. In 1878 he represented his district in the Assem- bly of Wisconsin, serving one term. He and his wife are both deceased and lie buried at Montello. He was a father whom a son delights to honor in connection with his own record as a man, a patriot and a citizen. One of the dis- appointments of Mr. Peter's life which will ever be to him a severe trial, was the nonfulfillment of the promise of Congressman Wheeler, to the father, to secure for the son an appointment at West Point. The portrait of Mr. Peters ajipears on page 336. ENRY BOYER, proprietor of the Merrill House, Merrill, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post Lincoln, No. 131, was born at Milford, Jeffer- son Co., Wis., Oct. 5, 1845. He was bred on a farm in his native county and, when still in youth, became interested in the progress of the events of the Civil War, which was the first important affair that arrested the current of his boyish ideas. He was only 15, wlien Sumter's .signal gun awoke the world, and was too young to challenge the chances of war. But time remedied that and, Feb. 29, J 864, he en- listed at Watertown in Company B, 29th Wis- consin Infantry, for three years. He entered the regiment as a recruit, joining the command at Alexandria, and with its members reported to ('olonel Bailej^ May 6th, at Grand Ecore. The work of building the "Bailey Dam" was immediately entered upon and an incredible amount of labor was performed in the construc- tion of that famous piece of work across the Red River. Mr. Boyer was a participant in all the achievements of the command afterwards until its dismemberment, when he was assig- ned to the 14th Wisconsin, and received final discharge with the last named regiment, Sep. 27, 1865, at Mobile, Ala. The work on the dam ceased May 22d, and from that time until July 26, the regiment was engaged in skirmishing, guard, and outpost and fatigue duty. July 28th, Mr. Boyer was in a lively skirmish on the Atchafalaya River. Skirmishing, marching, and expeditions for various purposes were the order until they went to the support of Grierson's cavalry in December, and January 1st the regiment em- PERSONAL RECORDS. 343 barked for New Orleans. Thence they went to take part in the movement against Spanish Fort, where thej' built corduroy roads over the surrounding swamp and on the last day of the month was detailed as escort for a supply train. April 3rd, they were in the trenches in front of Fort Blakely. An order was received live days later to proceed to Spanish Fort, but tlie surrender caused the countermanding of the order, and on the following day Blakely sur- rendered. The "iOth was tlie second regiment that entered Mobile, where they did provost duty until May, when they went to New Orleans and thence to the same duty at Shreve- port. The regiment was disbanded in July, having been sent North in .June, at which time Mr. Boyer was assigned as stated. He joined the "14th" at Montgomery, Ala., and the ensu- ing period was spent in guard dut}^ He returned to Wisconsin and engaged in lumbering in Wood county, pursuing that occupation until about 1870, when he com- menced the career of a landlord. He managed the hotel at the crossing of the Wisconsin Cen- tral and the Valley road (now the Wis. Valley Div. of the C. M. A St. Paul R. R.) and kept tlie Junction City House a year, alter wliich he operated as a contractor for the last named cor- poration. Two years later he came to Merrill, (1879). He engaged as manager of a restau- rant until the fall of 1885, when he assumed charge of the Merrill House. He was married Oct. 7, 1S71, to Mary R. Juneau, and they have two surviving children — Ervie and Ralph. They have lost three children. Maud and Mabel, twins, died at the age of four months. A son died when six months old. Louis Boyer and his wife, Elenora Blair (nee) were both of French extraction and born in Montreal and Quebec, respectively. Mrs. Boyer is the daughter of Xiver Juneau, the nephew of Solomon Juneau, the founder ot Milwaukee. Her mother was a native of Canada. Mr. Boyer's portrait appears on page 336. RTHUR L). RICE, of Antigo, Wis., a member of G. A. R. Post No. 78, was born Sept. 26, 1847, in Boston, Mass. He is the son of M. Henry and Olive (Jjilley) Rice, the former a native of Massachusetts and the latter of New York. He is from Revolutionary stock on both sides of his lineage, and his father was a soldier of the same company and regimen; as himself. Mr. Rice eslisted in Company B, oSth Wisconsin Infantry, at Waupaca, Wis., for three years. He was dis- charged Aug. 12, 1865, at Washington, I). C. He returned from the war permanently disa- bled from the loss of his left leg. He was a few months past 16 when he en- rolled as a soldier. Four companies of the re- giment went to the Army of the Potomac in May, 1864, and the remainder joined them in October of the same year. The companies leav- ing the State first were temporarily attached to a Minnesota regiment, and until June was en- gaged as escort to supply trains. Its assign- ment then was ."Jrd Bi'igade, 1st Division, 9th Corps. Company B was one of the two that rushed to the charge after the firing of the mine at Petersburg. In October they were again in hot battle on the Weldon Raih'oad, and were in tlie reconnoitering force at Hatcher's Run, after which they returned to the trenches in front of Petersburg, being under frequent fire. In Jan- uary, the Confederate Peace Commissioners were received by the regiment under Hag of truce. April 2iid, 1865, an assault on Petersburg was made, and Mr. Rice was shot in his left leg, six inches above the knee. The injury necessitated immediate amputation, which was done in the division hospital on the field, after which he was taken to Lincoln hospital, where he re- mained until disr-luirged. Mr. Rice came to Wisconsin when six years old with his parents, settling in October, 1852, at Waupaca, where he grew up on the farm, and was a pupil in the common schools up to the time of his enlistment. He returned, after leaving tbe army, to Waupaca and assisted oii the homestead through the fall of 1857. His next employ was as an assistant on a threshing- maciiine, where he was as efficient as men who were not disabled by loss of limbs. In January, 1868, he went to Milwaukee and entered Spencer's Business College, where he fitted for business and learned the cigar maker's trade. He went back to Waupaca, purchased a team and drove to Iowa, where he drove stage and worked witli his horses until the fall of 1869, when he entered a mercantile establishment as clerk, and operated as such for a year. He then opened a cigar shop in his own interest at Mason City, which he conducted three years. 344 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF He sold out and returned to Waupaca and en- gaged in farming on his own property, build- ing a house, and sold the place at the end of a year, returning to Waupaca, where he engaged in coopering. He served two consecutive terms in Waupaca as City Treasurer, and was after- ward engaged in commercial and other busi- ness until he began boating at. a summer resort at Greenwood Park, where he operated four years. In November, 1882, he removed to Antigo, and entered tlie employ of J. C. Lewis & Co., hardware merchants. In January, 1883, he was appointed Deputy Clerk of the Circuit Court, and managed the office until the election in November, 1884, when he was made Chief Clerk of the same Court, and is serving his sec- ond term of two years. He was married April 20, 1873, to Mary, daughter of John D. and Martha (Noyes) Bailey, and they have live children — Irwin L., Claude H., Gertrude, Fred and Hazel. An uncle of Mr. Rice, Dexter Munger, was killed in the fight at Perry ville, his head being carried away by a cannon ball. The parents of Mrs. Rice were born respectively in New York and ^'^ermont. The portrait of Mr. Rice appears on page 336. ■'-^*^--^t^$^^'^^t^~<<^i*S-<- AMES H. BARR, of Merrill, Wis., was ^i|| born Jan. 10, 1835, at New Milford, New Jersey, and is the son of NJatthew and Ann (Henry) Barr, both of whom were natives of County Derry, Ireland, and who mar- ried in New Jersey. The father removed with his household to the city of New York in 1845, where his .son attained to the age of legal man- hood and was a pupil in the public schools until he was 14 years old, when he became a clerk in a dry goods estabhshment, later, occu- pying the same situation in a hardwai'e store. He was 16 when he apprenticed himself to learn the business of making sash, blinds o,nd doors, which has been the vocation of his life. From New York lie came to Oshkosh in 1856, and two years later he went to Keokuk, going thence successively to St. Louis and Memphis, Tenn., where he passed a portion of the years 1860 and 1861. He was there when the several Southern States passed the acts of secession and, his principles having never been concealed and the fact of his being a Union man well- known, he was in danger of rough treatment. He remained in Memphis until the mid lie of May and was subjected to such ind.gnities while extricating himself from the intricacies of his position that he resolved to defend the flag which he was not permitted to respect under the regime of the South. He reached Chicago and, Sept. 18, 1861, he enlisted in B Company, 4th Illinois Cavalry, for three years. He was made Corporal of his company and later was |)ronioted to Orderlj' Sergeant, receiv- ing honorable discharge Nov. 3rd, 1864, at Springfield, 111., his term of enlistment having expired. The 4th went into Camp at Ottawa, 111., where a month was passed drilling and ac(juir- ing a knowledge of cavalry tactics. They left tliere for Cairo, marching a part of the way and also traveling by rail. Thi'ir first detailed duty was a reconnoissance to Columbus, whence they returned to Cairo. About the first of Feb- ruary, 1862, Grant was delegated to command the expedition against the forts on the Tennes- . see River and the 4th Illinois Cavalry was as- signed to the command. Mr. Barr was in the actions at Forts Henry and Donelson, February 6th and 16th respectively. April 6th he fought at Shiloh, and succeeding that engage- ment, his regiment was detailed on scouting service in Tennessee and Mississippi until about the 1st of October, when the regiment was in reserve to guard the flanks of Grant's army in the advance on Corinth. After the battle of October 3d, the plans for the capture of Vicks- liurg were matured and meanwhile the 4th Ill- inois Cavalry was detailed to chase Forrest. The force consisted of picked men and they were captured by the rebel guerrilla chief who paroled them on the field. They returned to Springfield, III., and received a ten days' fur- lough, after which they returned again to Camp Parole at Springfield and remained until Feb-, ruary, 1863, when they were sent to Benton Barracks at St. Louis. In September, of the same year, Mr. Barr and his paroled comrades of the 4th were sent by order to join their regi- ment at ^^icksburg, which had become Union property July 4th previous. Grant had been made Lieutenant-General and, as commander of the Union armies, he was on his way to as- sume the control of the Army of the Potomac in parson. Mr. Barr and his companions were PERSONAL RECORDS. 345 on a transport on their way to Yicksburg at tlie same time and saw their old commander as the transports jjassed on the river. In Febrnary, 18(54, the Mtu-idian expedition was planned. From Vicksburg the 4th Illinois Cavalry Were detailed on special service to Skipwith's Landing on the Mississippi River, where they remained until the com])any of Mr. Barr was detailed to accompany the Meridian e.Kpedition, which came to naught through the failure of a por- tion of the expected force to make connection with the command under Sherman at Meridian. After another experience in scoutTiig, the detail returned to Vicksl)urg and in a short time the 4th Illinois Cavalry went to Natchez, where the entire summer was passed and the early fall, and in October the regiment went to Spring- field to be discharged on account of the expi- ration of the their term of enlistment. After his release from military oljligations Mr. Barr entered the employ of ^lorgan Brothers of Oshkosh, working as a manufacturer of sash, doors and blinds. After a year he bought a quarter interest with them, selling a year later to George Williamson, and entered the employ of Foster & Jones. He afterwards engaged with the Remington Company atIllion,New York,and rep- resented their interests as a commercial traveler five years in Wisconsin, his home being at Oslikosh ; he then engaged in his business as a sash, door and blind manufacturer with J. P. Gould, Oshkosh, where he operated until the spring of 1884, when he went Chailcstown, S. C, to fit up a planing mill, and remained there until the spring of the following year. The summer of 1885 he passed at Oshkosh, and in fall he went to Merrill in the capacity of foreman in the sash, door and blind manu- factory of H. W. Wright Lumber Compau}-, first having charge of a single floor for a year, when he succeeded to the management of the entire establishment, and he is now, (1888) offi- ciating in that position. His portrait appears on page 336. He was married in May, 186.^, to Jane Shaw, which vuiion was blessed with one cliild — Ar- thur H., born at Oshkosh February 10th, 1857, who now is foreman of one department of the factory of the H. W. Wright Compaii}-. The mother died Dec. 25, 187(). "Mr. Barr was married again at Oshkosh, July 7, 1881, to Alice, daughter of E. H. and Mary (Mead) Gill. Her father was born in New York and her mother in Vermont, and they died in Owen,Ill- inois. The second marriage of Mr. Barr was blessed with two children. James H. was born at Oslikosh, Mav 13th, 1882, and Alice R. at Merrill, .Jan. 27, 1887. LBERT W. BONN, of Merrill, Wis., and ^ a member of G. A. R. Post Lincoln, No. 131, was born Feb. 16, 1847, in Raymond Township, Racine Co., Wis. He was taken by his parents to Michi- gan when he was four years old and, nine years later, removed with their family to Iowa, where the son lived until the period of the civil war. He was a little past 13 when the fact that there was an inevitable internal war at liand l>ecame fixed and as soon as he was old enough, he car- ried out the determination he had formed early in the course of the struggle. August 4, 1862, he enlisted at Waukon, Iowa, in A Com- pany, 27tli Iowa Infantry for three vears and was discharged Aug. 8, 1865. He was then five months past 15. His regiment went into camp at Dubuque, where six weeks were passed in military preparations for active soldier life. In September the command went to Minnesota, and where, under the command of General Steele, he was engaged in scouting for Indians, being, on one occasion one of a detail of 10 on special duty. The service was arduous and varied, but the work of quelling the insurrec- tionary redskins was accomplished without ser- ious encounters. In December the regiment was ordered to Memphis, Tenn., when they set out for the rear of \'icksburg, to join the force of General Grant. At Abbey ville on the Tal- lahatchie River, they had a sharp skirmish. From there they went to Jackson and cliased For- rest to Parker's Cross Roads, returning to Jack- son. Two months alter, in the spring of 1863, they went to Moscow, remaining until after the surrender of Vicksburg and, a few days after that memorable Fourth of July, the command went to Memphis again and took transports for Helena, yVrk., whence they marched to Little Rock, and captured the place. General Steele commanding. They remained there until nearly spring, when they returned to Memphis and prepared to take part in the Red River ex- pedition under Banks. Mr. Bonn was in the actions at Fort De Rus- 346 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF sey, Pleasant Hill, Bayou Lenoire, Powderville and Yellow Baj'ou, in this campaign. The command returned thence to Vicksljurg and went thence to Arkansas, where the skirmish at Chicot Lake took place. The next remove was to Jefferson Barracks, Mo., whence the reg- iment marched 704 miles in pursuit of Price. There longest stay at one place was one day. (This is acknowledged one of the severest marches on record.) They returned to Nash- ville in time to take part in the fight there with Hood, occupying a position on the "Granny White Pike," where they remained two days. They followed the rebel chief to the River, where they took transports at Clifton to East- port, Miss., where they constructed fortifications and remained two months, when they took transports to New Orleans. There, passage was taken on an ocean steamer for Dauphin Island, at the entrance to Mobile Baj', whence they proceeded by transports up the Fish river, disembarking at Sibley's Mill, whence they es- tablished a skirmish line all the way to Fort Blakelj'. They drove the outpost guard into the fort and a portion of the regiment drove the same guard into Spanish Port. Intrench- ments were made and the command awaited re-inforcements, which arrived in the shape of colored troops. On the 9th day of April, Fort Blakelj' was charged, and capitulated at six in the evening. Thi.s was one of the last battles of the rebellion, Lee having surrendered nine hours earlier of the same day. The regiment marched thence to Montgomery, Ala., thence came to Clinton, Iowa, to be released from military duty. The hardest fought battle in which Mr. Bonn was engaged was at Tupelo where the regiment, attached to the 16th Army Corps, under Gen. A. J. Smith, commanding an expedition into the interior of Mississippi, fought the Texas Legion, who were repulsed three times in suc- cession in terrific charges and again in the evening. The result was the defeat and dis- may of Forrest. This is con.sidered one of the most decisive actions of the war. Mr. Bonn was not absent from duty but three days during three years and two months military service. On the occasion mentioned he was suffering from a felon on his finger. The regiments and companies of himself and four brothers were as follows : — Albert, Company A, 27th Iowa ; Wil- liam N., Company B, Sth Wisconsin ; Lewis W., Company C, 4th Wisconsin; David B., Com- pany D., 25th Wisconsin ; John, Company E, 38tli Wisconsin. Mr. Bonn is the youngest. All returned home, but David was crippled for life at the siege of Atlanta. The proper spell- ing of the name is Bon, but in the papers, the recruiting officer enrolled him under the or- thography appearing as above and he has re- tained it. After the war he returned to Michigan where he continued to reside until 1886 and was engaged in the business of millwrighting and as foreman hi. a sawmill. He is now the gen- eral foreman of the H._ W. Wright Lumber Co.'s sawmill at Merrill. He was married Sept. 7, 1868, to Josephine L. Bates and their children are Clyde G, Bertha B., and Maud E. John W. and Harriet M. (Raymond) Bon, the parents, were born in Ohio, the birthplace of his paternal grandfather. The previous lineage on that side was French. The parents ol Mrs. Bon were natives of Can- ada and were Benjamin C. and Sarah (Cluipin) Bates, her father having been born in Ver- mont and her mother in Canada. The portrait of Mr. Bonn appears on page 336. ••-i5«t» '-^!»!^^^f<^5«^^^>^;tf— itfs^-' ENRY SCHEFFEN, of Oconto, Wis., ^ and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 74, was born April 2, 1835, in Prus- sia. His father was John Schett'en, also a Prussian by birtli, as well as the mother, Mary Scheffen. After he came to America he located at Oconto where he was occupied as a farm hand until he enlisted. He enrolled at Oconto Oct. 26, 1861, in Company F, 12th Wis- 348 SOLDIERS ALBUM OF consin Infantry. From the camp of rendezvous at Madison he proceeded to join the army at the front and went to Weston, Mo., tlience went with liis regiment to Kansas City, and Fort Leavenworth. He wont from there to Fort Scott and back to Fort Leavenworth and next to Columbus, Ky. From there he marched to Humboldt, Tenn., where the command was regularly assigned and went to Memphis. In the southward movement of Grant, the regi- ment moved forward, but were cut off at Holly Springs and compelled to return. Starting again from Mem})his, they went down the river to \'^icksburg, and reached Natcliez, where they remained two weeks before going to ^^icksbul•g. After the capture of the city, the I'ith went to figlit at Jackson and went again to Natchez. January 2nd, 1864, Mr. Scheffen re-enlisted and received liis veteran's furlougli. He returned to Wisconsin, and received an extension on account of sickness. He joined his regiment again at Kenesaw Mountain and went thence to the siege of Atlanta. Mr. Scheffen was in the pursuit of the rebels after the fall of Atlanta and after compassing 30 miles, returned. Sup- plies and clothing wer>^ needed and, after re- construction in both respects, the regiment went on the march to Savannaii. I'revions to the surrender of Savannah they were on short rations, receiving sometimes only a little rice and sometimes were without salt. After the evacuation of Savannah they took 'po.ssession of the city and received a Christmas dinner from people of distinction. Their next movement was to Beaufort Island, S. C, and they went thence to Orangeburg, which they took after a wearisome march through cypress swamps. They went next to Columbia, skirmishing at Cheraw and Fayetteville. They were attacked by rebel artillery at Columbia and had to wait until their own came up, and after the first shot they disabled the rebel gun and were masters of the situation. They had been prom- ised 24 hours' liberty after the taking of the city and they received the time as recreation from the discipline of army life, and they had a jubilee. In their progress they destroyed the railroad and started for Richmond and Wash- ington, again doing heavy marching and were in the Grand Review at the capital city of the United States. From there the}' went in June to Louisville for discharge July 16, 1865. Since his return to Wisconsin, Mr. Scheffen has been engaged in farming. He was mar- ried Oct. 28, 1865, to Augusta Dupee, a native of Belgium. Their children are Charles, Joseph, Frank, John and Minnie. ■•-J!w^ ►^>i;^:^^«^5*f-»«*^sf-^ f<^ HRISTIAN HEIDENWERTH, a res- '^^ ident of Peshtigo, Wis., was born December 25, 1842, u\ Weimar, Ger- many, and he is the son of .Joseph and Sophy (Snuckle) Heidenwerth, who re- moved from Germany to America in 1856, landed at the port of New York, going thence to Niagara Falls, and in 1859 removed to Pesh- tigo; the son has since resided at Peshtigo and has been in the employ of the Peshtigo Lumbering Company, operating in the woods in the winter and in the mills of the com- pany in summer. He married Albertina Lenz, and their children are named Alice, Charles D. and George G. October 15th, 1861, he enlisted in Company F, 12th Wisconsin Infantry, at Peshtigo, for three years. January 1st, 18()4, he was dis- charged at Hebron, Miss., in order to veteranize in the same regiment. He left the State with the command and was first under orders to proceed to Fort Seott to go with Lane's "South West Expedition." This was the beginning of the .severe marching for which the regiment was conspicuous throughout the first months of its service. In 1863, the command took position in the trenches of Vicksbui-g under the guns of the besieged city, and went thence to Jackson and after the evacuation of that place returned tp Vicksburg. From thence to Vicksburg. Natchez, to Harrisburg, La., to Vicksburg, from there to Natchez, from there to Vicksburg, and into camp at Hebron, a few miles from the city, outlines Mr. H's history to the beginning of 1864. In February he was in the Meridian expedition, during which he was involved in several skirmishes, and in the destruction of several towns. He returned to Vicksburg and in March took his vetei'au's furlough. He re- turned in April, reachuig Tennessee about the middle of the month, to march nearly 300 miles, joining the Army of the Tennessee in June. The movement called the Atlanta cam- paign commenced here and the 12th Wiscon- sin took position pi-eparatory to the battles of PERSONAL RECORDS. 349 Keiiesaw Mountain. Mr. H. fought at Bald Hill, and in the first day'.s action at Atlanta, July 21, 1864, was severely wounded, and was sent from the fielil hos|>ital to Marietta, (ni., where a wound in his iiead detained him al)out a month ; he rejoinded his command and went through to the sea with Sherman, participating in the varied operations of the "Grand March." After the Grand Review at Washington, he I'e- turned to Louisville, Ky., and was Hnally dis- charged -July 10, LS('>."). During his service he contracted typhoid fever at \'icksburg and was sent to the general hospital at Keokuk, la., where he remained about three months. (See sketch of David Heidenwerth). Charles and Augusta (Elveniger) Lenz, parents of Mrs. Heidenwerth, were Germans, and she is a na- tiver of "Der Faderland." -^t>-^>!;>>.^^<=;<-'^5*<-> T^(^ENRY C. ^1 ,. 1 ^ and a mei J[?%JL '^3, was 1: ALLEN, Pittsville, Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. born at Lake Mills, Wis., March 5, 1848, and is the son of Daniel W. and Marietta (Carter) Allen. His grandfather Allen was a soldier in tiie war of ISI'2. Mr. Allen was brought up in the Badger State and was emploj'ed in farming until he entered tlie army. He went to Berlin and en- listed March 2V>, 18<)4, in Company A., Kith Wisconsin Infantry at Berlin for three years or the war. Pie received honorable discharge at Madison June 20, 186."). He joined the regi- ment at Cairo and made coiniection with the Army of Sherman in Georgia, with the veter- ans returning from tlieir lurlough. He was lirst in action at Big Shanty and, .soon after took part in the fights at Ivenesaw Mountain, including every movement in which the 16th was involved. He fought under (General Leggett, at Bald Hill and, after the battles there, was engaged in the battles of llesaca and Peach Tree Creek before Atlanta. At Atlanta July 22, 1864, he was captured by the rebels and taken to tiie stockade prison at Andersonville where he was set at liberty on special exchange. He suffered all the horrors of that experience common to thousands of Northern soldiers and, when released, he went to Brown's hospital at Louisville, where he remained three months and was discharged from there after the termi- located at Pittsville (1888) engaged as a nation of the war. (See sketch of C. Mitchell.) He was married to Melissa A. Stewart, March 22, 1871, and their children are named Blanche L., Jennie K. and Inal). After returning from the war, Mr. Allen .settled at Berlin and went thence in 1868 to Wausau where he was a res- ident for a time when he returned once more to Berlin. In 1882, he where he is at present, sawyer in a lumber mill. Peudnig the publication of this sketch Mrs. Allen has passed from earth. She was the daughter of William and Betsey (Ljanan) Stew- art, long tune residents in Wayne Co., New York. She was born in the same State and died June 17, 1888, at Pittsville. ••-j»t^-f-;»i^^^«^*sf-»i^5tf-» ILLTAM H. GEETS,ofCentralia, Wis., meml)er of G. A. R. Post No. 22, was born June 11., 184.5, in Wilkesbarre, Luzerne Co., Penn., and is tiie son of Conrad and Sarah Ann (Kuntz) Geets, and both parents were born in the Keystone State. The lather was descended from the stock known as Penn.sylvania Dutch, the family name having been originally Getz. Tht^family removed to Wi.scon.sinin May, 1847, locating in Oregon, Dane county, whence they removed to Lake \'iew, where the father opened a hotel, and built a store in Lake \'iew in ISoi'. Tlie next year he ceased operations as a hotel keeper to devote his attention to his mercantile interests In 1856 the mother died, and Mr. Geets, senior, loc.itcsd on a farm, on which he remained a year, when his father established a large mercantile lousiness, and the son remaineil as his assistant until the spring of 1861. In the fall of 1863, the son engaged as a farm laborer for a year at $10.50 per month. The last day of December, 1863, is on the records as an excessively cold day, and Mr. Geets made a trip to mill in which he nearly lost his life. He had been impressed as to his duty to enlist and on that day resolved to do .so, although he was but 18 years old. He enrolled Jan. 25, 1864, in Com- pany H, 31st Wisconsin Infantrj-, atMadi.son for three years. He was jiromoted to Corporal on the field, and received honorable discharge July 8, 1865. He Joined the regiment as a recruitat Murfreesboro, and went thence to Duck River, 350 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF the coinmund being scuttered to guard the Chattanooga raih'oad. About the last of Maj' he was sent to Nashville to guard prisoners, and about the middle of July was assigned to tlie command of Slierman. On the night of July L7th, tiie train was derailed l)y l)ushwhackers, and the captain and lieutenant of Conijiany 11, with 10 men wei'e injured and one killed. Mr. Geets was seriously hurt, and was unconscious two weeks. He was injured across the chest and lungs, his spine was seriously hurt, and his right leg broken. At the time he was riding on the top of a freight car loaded with army sup- plies, and when the train left the track, his car burst; as it careened, the roof opened and in closing together caught him and inflicted the injuries stated. He was in the hospital at Kingston, Ga., until after the evacuation of Atlanta, when he was sent to Chattanooga, and thence to Nashville, where he assumed an up- right posture for the first time, Oct. 26, 1864, at hosj)ital No, 3. As soon as sufhciently re- covered, he was placed on duty in the dining room of the hospital, remaining until January 18, 1865, and he was a witness of the fight at Nash- ville. He left that city on the date mentioned to rejoin his regiment at Savannah, going thence to New York by rail, where he took the United States steamer "Ajax" for Savannah, and lost sight of land for seven days and nights. He found his regiment about 20 miles from Savannah, engaged in tearing up a railrSad, and took his place Avith his company. He was in a miserable state of health, having left Nash- ville contrary to the wishes of the surgeon, and was unfit for duty, after reaching liis command. He went with his regiment to Goldsboro and was in the fight at Bentonville with Joe Johns- ton and after the surrender went to Goldsboro, where he drew clothing rations and went next to Raleigh, whence he proceeded through Vir- ginia to Washington and, after the Grand Re- view vent to Louisville to be mustered out, and Mr. Gects returned to his home in Lake View. He remained on his father's farm until 1866, when he moved to Centralia and operated as a lumberman in various capacities until the spring of 1868, when he entered the employ of Matthews & Herschleb, and he has remained as a workman in the same shop ever since, al- though the proprietorship has been changed several times. The first proprietors managed the shop until 1870, when it passed, through foreclosure, into other hands and Mr. Geets rented the works and run the shop on his own account until the spring of 1873, when it was purchased by 5. F. Moore, its present owner. At the same time competent assistance in the jiaint shop was needed, and Mr. Geets acquired a knowledge of that l)usiness and is at present in charge of that department and several others connected with the establishment. In 1874, he was in Neljraska and terminated his connection with that State during the grasshopper inva- sion. He was married June 11, 1870, to Sarah M. Page, and their children are named Grace E., Minnie A., Guy B. and Roy C. Mrs. Geets was born in Belvidere, 111., where her parents re- moved from Seneca Falls, New York. Her father, Orrin Page, was in the service in a Wis- consin battery. Her uncle, William Page, was a soldier in the same battery. Her mother's brother was a surgeon in a Michigan regiment. George M. Geets, l)rother of Mr. Geets, was in the same command as himself. His uncle, R. Kuntz, was a soldier in the 1st Wisconsin Cav- alry and died of disease at Milliken's Bend. Two cousins, Carles and John Geets, were sol- diers in Iowa regiments. Mr. Geets has been Justice of the Peace in Wood county for eight years, and is at present incumbent of the posi- tion, (1888). He is the Adjutant of Wood county Post and has officiated as Chaplain and Sergeant Major. He is always active in post affairs and has repi'esented the organization in several Grand Encampments. While Mr. Geets was at Nashville in June, 1864, he was sent with Union deserters to their commands at Tullahoma, and on his arrival he met a squad of Union soldiers with four rebel bushwhackers in custody. He asked them what they were going to do ; the captors were provided with ropes and they replied that they were going to take the " butternuts " into the woods and give them a furlough. The same night on his return to Nashville Mr. Geets was in a skirmish at midnight with rebel bush- whackers, at Athens, Ala. JOHN L. SMITH, Stevens Point, Wis., and a former soldier for the Union, was born Feb. 22, 1846, at Hodgdon, Aroos- took Co., Maine. He is the son of Stephen and Martha Jane (Lincoln) Smith. PERSONAL RECORDS. 351 His fiither was a farmer and the son was train- ed to the same business whicli he followed until he entered the army. The father died in 1S()8, at Belmont, Portage county, when (iO years old. The mother is still living at Eota, Minnesota and is 67 years old. (1888.) Mr. Smith came to Wisconsin in July, 185."). lie enlisted August 17, 1864, in Company A, 42nd Wisconsin Infantry at Dayton, Waupaca coun- ty. From the camp of rendezvous he went with the command to Cairo, where he perform- ed guard and garrison duty and was engaged in that variety of military service until dis- charged, with the exception of one instance, when he went on detached duty to Columbus, Ky., returning to Cairo and performed post duty until June 17, 1865, returning to Madison to be mustered out June 20th. Mr. Smith was engaged for some time as fire- man on the railroad and afterwards operated as a stationary engineer and machinist. Octo- ber 29, 1886, he met with an accident and lost his right hand, since which time he has oper- ated in other avenues of business. He was married May 26, 1867, to Marj' M. Houck. She was born in Pennsylvania of Ger- man parentage. Her father, Louis L. Houck, died in 1886 ; her mother died when she was twelve years old. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Smith are named Ida M., Cora I. and Tas- kell A. John L. Lincoln, Mr. Smith's paternal grandfather, was a ship carpenter at St. Johns, Nova Scotia. The wife of the latter was a na- tive of that province. Thomas, brother of Mr. Smith, enlisted in a Wisconsin regiment and died of typhoid fever, (ieorge Houck and Louis L. who went out with Company D, IKith Illinois were brothers of Mrs. Smith. Charles Myers and John Myers, her half brothers, enlisted from Illinois. ■►^t^.^J9»^^^^>^;<^<^5«f— , LBERT CAMPBELL SIMPSON of ■^^* ' Appleton, member of G. A. R. Post Geo. D. Eggleston, No. 133, was lioi'n March 29, 1847. He is the son of Albert and Catherine (Bloomfield) Simpson and is one of the pioneers of this section of Wisconsin. He was born in Toronto, Canada, and was about three years old, when his father transferred Ins family and interests to the States. They traveled from Toronto to Ba- tavio, New York, and from there to Buffalo by boat. From there to Green Bay, Wis., the journey was made on the lake and, on arrival, they finished the route on a wagon through the Oneida reservation to the town of Freedom in Outagamie county. Tlie township was in a wholly wild state, and the father purchased a piece of land covered with primeval forest, on which the son learned the privations and hard- ships of the life of a pioneer in the backwoods. All the education he obtained was accjuired at a log schoolliouse, to whicii he went two miles through the woods in winter. The farm was cleared and is now in the township of Osborne and occupied by his mother. When the war broke out, he resolved to enlist as soon as he could, and, Sep. 3, 1864, when he was 17, he enrolled as a soldier in E Company, 7th Wis- consin \'olunteers, at Green Bay, for one year, or until tlie end of the war. June 9th, 1865, he received honorable discharge from the Fin- ley hosjiital in Washington, by special tele- graphic order from the War Department, issued May 3, 1865. ( )n making application to enlist, he was obliged to deceive the recruiting officer in regard to his age. He went to Madisoii and thence to the regiment in front of Petersburg. He was a participant in the raid on the Weldon Railroad and, soon after, contracted the meas- les. Immediately after his recovery, he was seized with the t3'phoid fever and w'as sent to a hospital at Washington, where he remained but a short time, going thence again to Peters- burg to rejoin his command. At the battle of Five Forks, he was wounded in his right hand, his fore-finger being partially shot away. He went from the field to Finley Hospital at Washington and was discharged as stated. Lincoln was assassinated the day preceeding his arrival at the hospital, and he obtained a pass to go to the Capitol, where he saw the body of the martyred President lying in state. He returned to the farm in Osborn and soon after entered Lawrence University, where he was a student eight months. He commenced to acquire an understanding of the trade of a carpenter and builder, and is now operating extensively in that avenue of business. Oct. 9, 1868, he was married to Eliza Gardner, and they are the parents of three children — George Laughlin, Minnie Catherine and Hattie Ma3^ His father was a native of Vermont and was a . descendant from the Scotch. On the 352 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF mother's side, the lineage is Irish. Her family ill Ireland were well to do people and had the privileges of the better classes. Solomon Gard- ner, the father of Mrs. Simpson, was a native of Ireland, as was her mother, Ellen (Rogers) Gardner. -j*t^ -^»t^^^«^*«^^-j»i^«-^^t^5 «^itf-»>^*«^-c /^^ RNEST LEO RIETZ, a physician and I ' \ surgeon at Black Creek, Wis., and a \J^ member of G. A. R. Post, No. llfi, was Ijorn May 23, 1843, in Erfurt, Kingdom of Saxony, Germany, wliich was the birthplace of his parents and their ancestors. He came to America in 1861 and located in Wisconsin. He enlisted August 15, 1862, in Company E, 26th Wisconsin Infantry, at Fond du Lac, for three years. He was promoted to Sergeant in Octoi>er, 1864, and received honor- able discharge June 27, 1865, at Washington at the end of the war. The regiment was raised among the German pojjulation of Wisconsin and was one of twelve which General Sigel was authorized by the President to raise from the Germans of the Northern States. It left the State in October with a full muster of Germans with the exception of a part of Company G. The battles and skirmishes in which Dr. Rietz was engaged include 15 names and among them are Chancellorsville and Gettysburg. On the first day of the fight at the latter place. Dr. Rietz was wounded and was taken prisoner on the same day and sent to Belle Isle in the James River at Richmond and afterwards was confined at Lil>by. He remained in those places of unwholesome notoriety through July, August and September and, about the first of October, in company with 54 otiier prisoners, escaped from Libby by tunneling. Colonel Haberton was one of the party and the comrade of Dr. Rietz, and they had for rations about a half pint of flour. He and the colonel made their way into a swamp and mixed the flour with water and each ate half of it, and he wishes it put on record that this was the most palatable meal of which he had ever partaken. They were five days in reach- ing Fortress Monroe where they were trans- ferred to the convalescent camp at Alexandria and they went to Washington where Dr. Rietz was sick with dysenterj' two weeks. He joined his command in the Army of the Cumberland in time to fight at Mission Ridge and afterwards skirmished at Buzzard Roost and Snake Creek Gap and was in the fight at Resaca. He was in the action at Cassville and New Hope Church and fought at Kenesaw and in the battle of Peach Tree Creek, afterwards participating in the siege of Atlanta. He was in tlie service of the 2Gth during the march through Georgia with Sherman and was in the siege of Savannah, fighting at Averysboro and at Bentonville, going into camp at Goldsboro, N. C, whence they proceeded to Raleigh and thence lo Richmond after the surrender of Johnson, and went to the Grand Review at Washington wheie he was discharged and re- tvirned to his home in Wisconsin. In 1868 he commenced the practice of medicine in the vil- lage of Sagole, Outagamie county. The name of the place rendered in English means "good mornnig." In 1887 he removed to Black Creek where he has since conducted his Inisiness as a physician. Dr. Rietz was married August 29, 1867, at Platteville, Wis., to Frederick Augusta Brodbeck and their children are named Robert, Amalia and Oska, and all are living. The mother died October 5, 1884, of cancer. Dr. Rietz was married in July at Mount Sterling, la., to Mary Boemeke. The parents of the first wife were natives of Wurtemburg, Germany. PERSONAL KECORDS. 355 The father of the second wife was boni in Han- over, Germany, and lier mother in Pennsyl- vania. OL. JOHN HICKS, i)ublisiier and pro- prietor of the Daily Northwefffrn, at Oshkosh, Wis., was born April 12th, 1847, at Auburn, New York. His parents came west in 1851, residing for a year or two at Detroit, Micliigan, then removing to Little Chute, Wis., where they tarried for another year, and then removed to Sheboygan, and finally, in Septeml)er, 1855, located at Weyau- wega, Waupaca county, where the subject of this sketch spent the years from his eighth to his 18th year. His father was a man of limited educational advantages, who followed the trade of a stone mason. In 1863, he responded to the call to arras, and enlisted in the 23rd Wis- consin, Col. Jas. H. Howe, although at the time of enlistment, he was past the age at which men are subject to military duty. He followed the fortunes of his regiment until the march from Atlanta to the sea. He was sent home on the leave when the march commenced, and rejoined his regiment at Pocataligo by wa}' of Charleston, S. C, in .January, 1865, and three weeks after, at a skirmi.^h participated in by the 32nd Wisconsin, or rather his company, E, of that regiment alone, he was instantly killed by a rebel shell. His death occurred at Binnaker's Bridge, on the South Edisto River in South Carolina, February 9tli, 1865. Mrs. Maria Hicks, the mother of the subject of this sketch, is still a resident of Weyauwega, wliere she is warmly regarded for her great kindness of heart. Col. Hicks was fourteen years of age wlien the war of the Ileljellion l)roke out, and consequently too young to enter the army. He was the third .son in a family of six sons and one daughter. In his boyhood days, he enjoyed the ordinary advantages of a district school, in a small village, as it was conducted when the country was new, and at the age of 15 he began teaching a country school. He was an omni- vorous reader and naturally of a studious turn. At the age of 17, he entered the preparatory de- partment of Lawrence University at Appleton, and completed a partial course, leaving college in December, 1867, to become city editor, at the age of 20, of the newspaper wliich he now owns. His education was acquired without pecuniary assistance from anyone, and wlien teaching school in Waupaca county he made his first visit to the University at Appleton, by walking 35 miles in one day to attend the commence- ment of 18()4, and then walked back the next day. While teaching in Winnebago county in the winter of 1966, lie attended the lecture course at Oshkosh, to listen to Horace Greeley, AVendell Phillips and other celebrities, walking tlie entire di.stance of nine miles through the snows of winter every night and then back again at the close of the lectures. A single term at the State University, Madison, after leaving Appleton, and in the interval of his w'ork at Oshkosh, completed his educational advantages. The winter of 1868-9 was spent in Milwaukee as a sub. in the editorial department of the Sentinel, and as one of the editors of the NortJi- weslern Advance, a literary and temperance jour- nal long since deceased. He returned to Osh- kosh in August, 1869, to take the editorship of the Daily Northivedirn, and in October, 1870, in company with Gen. Thos. S. Allen, formerly Seci'etary of State, he purchased the North- western newspaper and printing office. The firm of Allen ife Hicks continued until June 20th, 1884, when Mr. Hicks purchased Gen. Allen's interest. He at once began marked im- provements in the conduct of the paper, and its business has steadily increased ever since. The Noi'th western has the largest circulation of any newspaper in the state outside of Milwaukee, and is the only paper in Wisconsin which uses neither patent insides or outsides, or patent matter of any kind. It is printed on a Double Cylinder Hoe Press, with a capacity of 4,000 an hovir, the only one in Wiscon.sin outside of Milwaukee. Col. Hicks was married July 9th, 1872, to Miss Alice J. Hume, daughter of William and Rebecca Hume, of Oshkosh. He has one son, a boy of five years. He is President of the Wis- consin Press Association, of which he has long been an active member. He has never been a candidate for political office of any kind, believ- ing that "the post of honor is the private sta- tion." The winter of 1874-5 he spent in Wash- ington as correspondent of his paper, and clerk of the Committee on Pacific Railroads in the House of Representatives. He has been an Aid- de-Camp on the staff of Governor Rusk, with the rank of Coloiiel, for the past four years, and 356 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF during tlie campaign of 1888, he labored vigoi'- ously for the success of Harrison and Morton, through the columns of his paper, on the stump and as President of the Central Republican CiubofOshkosh. ■-^:>i^-^*^^^s 'FUS 1. HITCHCOCK, Antigo, Wis., member of Post J. A. Kellogg, No. 78, was born March IS, 1830, in Guil- ford, f 'henango Co., New York. He is the son of Wm. R. and Elsitha (Mills) Hitch- cock, natives of New York and descendants of Connecticut stock dating back from the early history of the country. His paternal ancestors were soldiers in tlie two wars with Great Britain and the musket carried by his grandfather in 181 "i is still at the homestead in New York State. William R. Hitchcock inherited the patriotism of his sires and transmitted it to his sons. He was an aged man when the war of the rebellion threatened his heritage from his fathers and he tried to enlist, dyeing his hair to deceive the en- rolling officers in regard to his endurance, but his age forbade his being placed in active ser- vice, and his name stands on the roll of honor, but he was assigned to furlough until he should be needed. Three sons became soldiers. Wil- liam Henry was in Texas when the flag was fired on in Charleston Harbor and was obliged to fiy between two days. Reaching Philadel- phia, he enlisted in the 2ndU. S. Cavalry. He was on the staff of General McClelian as Orderly for one year and was discharged on account of chronic bowel complaint. He returned to Mich- igan and, soon as well enough, he re-enlisted in the ord Michigan Cavalry, was thrown from his horse and permanently injured. Edward Eu- gene eidisted at 17 in the 117 New York Infan- try and was killed at Petersburg. Rufus was 15 when his mother died and four years alter came to Macomb Co., Mich., in the fall of 1840, whither his father and brotliers fol- lowed him As be was the oldest son, on him developed the care of liis father. In 1856 he came to Wisconsin, and engaged in farming in Dale, Outagamie county. Sep. 18, 1861, he enlisted at Rhodes' Corners in K Company, 11th Wisconsin Infantry for three years. He was made Corporal on the formation of the company and received honorable discharge at Indianola, Texas, Feb. 4, 1863, to enable him to veteranize. He again enrolled in the same command and took his furlough privilege, remaining at home thirty days. Before his discharge he was made Sergeant and afterwards was promoted to Com- missary Sergeant, being discharged as such Sep. 5, 1865, at Mobile, Ala. Before the close of November, 1861, the 11th was stationed in southeast Missouri guarding routes of commu- nications. In the spring its experience was widened and in the next few months, all that was included in the terms inarching, foraging, and building roads and exposure of the severest character was fullj realized by its men. July 7th the}' were in the hot action at Bayou Cache. From that until the movement towards Vicks- burg in 1863, the sufferings of the regiment from causes similar to those mentioned were un- remitting. Mr. Hitchcock was a participant in the fights at Anderson Hill, Fort Gibson, Cham- pion Hills, Black River Bridge, and in May he was in the trenches before Vicksburg, where he was continually on duty, sleeping in the trenches. In August, the regiment was transferred to the 13th Army Corps and during the following months performed heavy marching. In No- vember they started for Texas, and their prin- cipal action in that campaign was to take pos- session of Indianola. Mr. Hitchcock came home on his furlough and rejoined his regiment with the other veterans at Cairo. In.June, Compan- ies E and K cajitured a squad of rebel cavalry bent on the destruction of the railroad and tele- graph. Through that year they were constantly in skirmishes, building forts, and marching to guard trains as needed. Early in April, 1865, they were in the assault on Fort Blakely and after the reduction the regiment to Montgom- ery, Ala., On their way thither, they learned from rebels of the surrender at Appomattox on the day of the capture of Blakely, and returned to Mobile to be discharged. They returned to St. Louis on transports, after a service of four years and two days. Mr. Hitchcock returned to Dale and engaged in farming. In 1875 he sold his farm and went to Trerapeleau county and, until 1885, was occupied in farming there and in Eaii Claire county, when he went to Norrie, Marathon county and spent a year in a mill. In the fall of 1886 became to Antigo, where be is engaged in working in a mill and is clearing his farm in tlie vicinity of the city. PERSONAL RECORDS. 367 He is a man of reliable character and while in Dale served a year as Assessor and in other capacities. His marriage to Mary Ann Gibson took place Aug. 18, 1844, and their children are named Wm. l^dgar, Elsitha Imogene, Willis Arthur, Wallace Chester, Walter Sydney and Wesley Ellsworth. The eldest son married Ellen Craney. The eldest daughter married John Randall, of Eau Claire county. John Gib- son, a brother of Mrs. Hitchcock was a soldier of the 48th Wisconsin. The parents of Mrs. Hitchcock were Thomas and Hulda (liraytoii) Gibson. The former was of Irish birth and the mother of Connecticut Yankee stock. -^t^^^t^^^ K. WHJ.IAxM C. COREY, dentist at Green Bay, and a member of G. A. l\. Post No. 124, was born February, 18, 183(), in Windsor, Broome coun- ty. New York. His father, William Henry Corey, was ])orn in Vermont and was Ki years old when he fought in the battle of Plattsburg in which he received two wounds. He mar- ried Catherine Burhyte, a native of New York. The family came to Fond du Lac, Wis., in 1847, where the son was brought up on a farm and received the advantages of the common schools ; in ISfiO he commenced the study of medicine n\ which he continued until Septem- ber 13, ]861, when he enlisted at Fond du Lac in Company A, ]8th Wisconsin Infantry. Within a week after leaving Wisconsin, Dr. Corey was in the fight at Pittsburg Landing, going into battle witiiout food or rest and fight- ing two days. He went thence to Corinth, par- ticipated in the activity there, went thence to Bolivar, Tenn., and returned to Corinth. A month later he went to luka, back to Corinth, thence to Chewalla, back to Corinth, next to the Tuscumbia River and thence to fight at Corinth. Under orders to join Grant, the reg- iment went to Grand Junction, started thence for Vicksburg, marched back to take Holly Springs and went thence to Moscow, Tenn. In January, Dr. Corey marched to Memphis and went thence to a transport to a position near \'icksburg. He there engaged in canal build- ing and, later, moved to Miliikin's Bend, thence tu Grand Gulf and Raymond and on to fight at Jackson. The rebel works there were found to be deserted and, the ne.xt day, he started for Pittsburg and fought in the Ijattle of Champi- on's Hill, thence he went to the fortifications of Vicksburg and remained until the surrender of the city. He went next to Helena, Ark., and thence to Chattanooga, marching '250 miles. He fought at Mission Ridge, joined in the chase of Bragg to Ringgold, returning to Chattanooga, and thence to Alabama and later to Allatoona, where he participated in a heavy figlit. He veteranized in LStil and remained on duty without furlough until Novemlier, re- joining his regiment in January. The regi- ment went by rail to Pittsburg and Baltimore and l)y steamer to Beaufort, N. C. They went thence to Newbern and in March joined the army of Sheridan at Goldsboro. Thence he went to Raleigh and, after the surrender of Johnston, to Washington for the Grand Re- view. Dr. Corey was discharged at Louisville, Kentucky. He was made hospital steward of his regiment eight months prior to his dis- charge and was never ill or absent from his duty a single day. He returned to Fond du J^ac and, soon after, went to Green Bay. His acquaintance with the study of medicine and his advantages as hos- pital steward led him to the study and practice of dentistry in which he is still engaged. His brother, John V. Corey, enlisted in the 21st Wisconsin Infantry, was taken prisoner near Perry ville while acting as train escort, and sent to Libby prison where he died, February 3, 1803. Dr. Corey was married October 21, 1801, to Lizzie A. Crawford and their daugh- ters are named jVdele and May T. Burhyte Crawford, the brother of Mrs. Corey, enlisted in the 5th Kansas Cavalry, was wounded, taken to hospital and, liis wounds reopening, he bled to death. .^^?S>»^?»^i^^<«5*^-»<500 convalescents to Hamburg and remained 10 days at Bridgeport. They went back to Piiiladelijhia, where Mr. Magill heard that a furlough awaited him but not being able to obtain a pass, he made his way to the front and went to Ream's Station, where two divi sions of Hancock's corps were engaged in tear ing up the railroad. The rebels made a charge on their lines capturing many Union soldiers and the regimental colors. On the hundredth day of service, 65 men answered to roll call and 35 guns were stacked ; these were the remains of a regiment of 960 fully ecjuipped men. Co- lonel Olmstead, 52nd New York, reported that the "36tli" de-serted their colors, at Ream's Sta- tion. On investigation by the President and Secretary of War General Gibbon was ordered to restore the colors with iionors. Mr. Magill went to hospital with inflamed eyes and as soon as he was sutticiently recover- ed, he desired a furlough and obtained a pass to headquarters where he was informed by General Logan that he must apply to Gen- eral Grant and pointed out the Commander-in- Chief, sitting under a tree smoking a cigar. Mr. Magill started forward but his courage failed and he reti'eated. At Hatcher's Run where the regiment was commanded by Cap- tain Fisk of Company C, a flank movement on the double quick was ordered without com- mand from a superior officer ; 5,000 rebels were taken and fighting for that day stopped. Dur- ing the fall and winter, the regiment performed little active service and Mr. Magill was detailed Company Clerk. About the last of February he obtained a furlough of 20 da3's and on his return went with the regiment to Hatcher's Run and Stirling and was in a number of skirmishes, including Farmville and at the surrender of Lee's army at Appomattox. They went into camp at Burkesville and thence to Washing- ton. Mr. Magill was excused from duty at the Grand Review as he was suffering from ivy poisoning. This was the first time he made a PERSONAL RECORDS. 363 request to be excused from duty during liis period of service. From Washington lie went to Louisville, Ky., and thence to Madison, where he was mustered out July 12, 1805. He passed four years at Princeton engaged in harnessmaking and went to Iowa, where he operated as a farmer and harnessmaker, re- turning to Princeton. In 1882, he went to Adams county, where he was engaged in farm- ing four years and in 1886, began his preseht business as a liveryman at Westheld. Mr. and Mrs. Magill have three children l)orn as follows : Jennie May, April 26, 1866 ; Emma B., August 20, 1872; Jessie D., Jan. 10, 1876. John Magill was an enlisted man in the 9th Wisconsin Light Artillery. Henry and Alonzo enlisted iu the 4th Wisconsin Cav- alry. They were brothers of Mr. Magill. ■'^t^St^^^'i Kxv^v^ AVID LA COUNTE, M. D., a leading V,\0;j physician of Chilton, Wis., belong- ^V ing to G. A. R. Post No. 205, was born in St. Lawrence county, New York, May lH, 1828, and he is the son of Josejih and Jane (Dubois) La Counte. (The family name of the mother of Dr. La Counte in the vernacular is Wood and is so given in a detailed account of the origin and birth of the doctor's parents in connection with the sketch of Dr. Louis La Counte of Merrill.) Dr. La Counte came to Wisconsin with his parents in 1837 and located in Manitowoc county. He attended the public school and determined early in life to become a physician. He entered the office of a local practitioner at Manitowoc, and attended lectures at Rush Medieval College at Chicago. During his studies in that city, he had the beneht of one year's practice in Mercy hospital, and was graduated from Rush in 1856. He established his practice in Calumet county in that year and was occupied with the duties of his profession until he determined to enter the service of the United States, when he obtained an appointment as 2nd Assistant Sur- geon of the 14th Wisconsin Infantry. He accompanied the regiment to the rendezvous at Fond du Lac and left the State March 8, 1862; from St. Louis he went to Savannah, Tenn., where the command was stationed at the begin- ning of the light at Pittsburg Landing, and on the first day moved to join the forces of Grant and reached the battle field at 10 p. m. Dr. La Counte found immediate need for his ser- vice among the wounded men and on the fol- lowing day was busy in caring for the wounded of his own command. Dr. Walker resigned April 19th, when Dr. La Counte reached a grade in advance of his first appointment. Dr. Cameron soon after received leave of absence and left Dr. La Counte in charge of the sick of the regiment with only a hospital steward as assistant, his own succes.sor not having been appointed. By this arrangement, 318 disabled men were under his per.sonal care for whom he did all that was po.ssible under the circumstances until July 9, 1862, including a period of nearly three months, when he became wholly disabled from his incessant labor, com- bined with the unwholesome climate, the weather and the stench of the hospital, and he resigned his position. The regiment had been left on the field at Pittsburg Landing on pro- vost duty at the special request of the colonel. This course was injudicious, as the summer heat and the condition of the field was the cause of much disease, and the colonel was among those who sickened and died. One of the reminiscences of Dr. La Counte is the effect of the muskctiy fire on the standing timber, the bullet marks ranging from three to 30 feet above the ground, the larger number being about 10 feet higli. There was no appreciable difference in the bullet traces of either army, and Dr. La Counte reasoned that the invariable high aim of the soldiers was due to the fact that the stocks of the muskets were made too nearly straight. More than a year elapsed after his return home l)efore his health was restored. Had he remained in the army, his promotion was assured, but his successors in rank resigned and new men took the places of each. After recovering his health, he resumed his practice at Chilton, and he has since been engaged in the duties of his profession in which he has ob- tained a leading position. He was married Feb. 22, 1857, to Ellen Green of Chilton. Their only daughter, .Jennie, married Dr. D. T. Jones who is associated in business with Dr. La Counte. The latter is a member of the State Medical Society and the American Medical Association. He has been the incumbent of 364 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF various local offices at Chilton, and since the construction of the M. & N. railroad through Calumet county, he has been the surgeon of that corporation; he has discharged the duties of the position since 1873. ..-J!»t> '^^^^^«C5<^««5«f- ACOB LEISEN, of Menominee, :\Iich., and a member of G. A. R. Post, No. 266, (Lyon) was born May 7, 1828, in Rhine Province, Prussia. He was a resident in his native land until he was 2d years old and came to America in 1853. He was In-ought up according to the regulations of his native country and was bred to the vocation of a car- penter. He landed in New York November 2.5th, and passed the time until the next autumn in that city and Newark, New Jersey. In 1854 he went to Chicago and worked at his trade there two years. In 1856 he went- to Centerville, where he followed his vocation of carpenter until 1858. A joint slock company was formed to construct a pier and Mr. Leisen took charge of the work. ' In 1860 he engaged in the sale of general merchandise, whicli he conducted until he enlisted at Centerville, Wis., in the 45th Infantry for three years, and on the organization was made captain of Company B and was mustered out as such .July 30, 1865, at Madison. Mr. Leisen was one of the first to enroll in the 45th, which was sent to Nashville to relieve veterans, and his company was the first detach- ment to leave Wisconsin. He was tlie senior captain and was ranking officer until five com- panies had assembled when the lieuteiiant-colo- nel arrived and was mustered. Captain Leisen was the first oflficer mustered and accom- panied the regiment in all its move- ments, returning to Centerville when his connection with military life had ceased. His wife had managed his business afifairs during his absence and he resumed connection there- with, and continued to sell goods until the spring of 1873. In connection with his regu- lar business he received the appointment of Postmaster by Abraham Lincoln and served from July 1st, 1861, until he enlisted. Mrs. Leisen was also postmistress and the business remained in their hands until March 20, 1872, having been continued by Johnson and Grant. In 1873 Mr. Leisen sold his business at Cen- terville and removed soon after to Menominee. He engaged in the manufacture of soda and other aerated waters,and has .since ])rosecuted his business in the same line. In February, 1876, he connected brewing with his former inter- ests, associated with Mr. Henes, the business style being Leisen & Henes. Tliey have con- duted their relations in reputable manner and their brew is appreciated by their customers. They manufacture 10,000 barrels of beer yearly and the}' have a large trade in aerated waters. Mr. Leisen served as Clerk of Centerville four years and Justice of the Peace for the same length of time. He was appointed Notary Public and acted several years in the duties of that situation. He has been Alderman of the 4th Ward of Menominee. (1883-85.) His parents, Jacob Leisen and Margaretha (Goebel) Leisen, were members of the agricul- tural class in Germany. His maternal grand- father was in the civil office list, and acted as a clerk in the treasury department of the Prus- sian govenment. (The position comes to suc- cessive generations by descent.) Joseph Goebel and Jacob Goebel were also in the civil ser- vice, the one as a forester and the other as civil engineer. They were brothers of the mother. Mr. Leisen was a soldier in the Prussian army from October, 1849, to October 1852, serving in the 8th battallion of sharpshooters. The "8th" was in the south of Germany, opposite Stras- burg. He was married April 17, 1858, to Miss M. V. Fehrenbacli and they have six children — Rosa, James, Louis, Lena, Ida and Joseph. Rosa is the wife of Mr. Henes, her father's partner, and she has three children — Alfred, Emma and John. Ida married Luther M. Packard. Their daughter is named Irene. Mrs. Leisen is a native of Switzerland. .K.^*^-^!^:^ j^^f<5<^*«^5 •^=*i»^^>«5«f-*<5-.>t^ -^»;^ j^^t>-i»*^^^i^*gf- <5»^-^^>i^^^v55tf5«?- HARLES W. HOPKINS, of Black Creek, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 116, was born .July 24, 1824, in Washington, Lincoln Co., Maine. He lias been a resident of Wisconsin since 1850. Aug. 8, 1864._ he enlisted as a member of battery G, First Wisconsin Heavy Artillery, at Appleton, Wis., for three years or during the war. He was honorably discharged at Milwaukee July 17, 1865, the war being closed. He performed garrison and other duty in the defenses of Washington and was detailed for construction of fortifications and guard houses and, in the exposure and heavy labor, 370 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF he contracted rheumatism from which lie has since been a sufferer. He was occupied in the calHng of a farmer previous to the war and, on returning liome, resumed that occupation. He is the owner and resident proprietor of a fine farm. He has served in several official capacities in the local government, among which is member of the County Board of Supervisors, a position to which he was entitled as Chairman of the town Board for eleven j'ears and was the first who held that position after the organization of the township. He was the first Postmaster and the first Commander of Post J. W. Appleton at Black Creek. He is a member of the Black Creek Lodge of Odd Fellows, No. 229, and of the Order of Rebecca, No. 52, and of the Bee-Hive Division, No. 22L The later is a temperance organization. Mr. Hopkins obtained his education in the common schools of Maine and was married in New Brunswick in that State to Sarah Long. They were united in marriage in 1845 and the wife died in Oconto in 1848 without children. Her grandfather, Abe Long, was of Irish birth and went from Pennsylvania to New Bruns- wick. June 3, 1884, Mr. Hopkins was again married in Neenah to Helen .J. Leddcn. Their cliildren are Charles Sumner, Andy L., Ida, Eddy W. The youngest is one of twins, the sister-twin dying in infancy. Henry L., eldest son, was i^iiled June 2, 1882, at Norrie on the Lake Shore railroad, in the explosion of a locomotive. Mr. Hopkins' father was born in the .same house in Maine as his son. The grandfather was Imrn in tlie vicinity of London, England, and he came to this country when a youth of 17 years and fought in the war of the Revolution. The maternal grandfather of Mr. Hopkins, Stephen Chapman, was born and married in Scotland. His mother was Martha Trask. ATHIAS WEITZEL, Oshkosh, Wis.. and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 241, was born April 29, 1735, in Prussia. His parents, John M. and Margaret (Hougli) Weitzel, came to America from Germany in 1846, and landed at the port of New York. They were residents of Buffalo about seven years, and there the father died. The family went to Dunkirk, and Mr. Weitzel remained there three years, work- ing in a clothing store. Afterwards, Mr. Weit- zel went to Buffalo to learn the trade of a car- riage maker, but changed his plans and came to Oshkosh where he joined his mother, who had come to that place to be with a sister. He reached there in 1856, and engaged in cabinet work until he became a soldier. He enlisted Dec. 11, 18GI, at Oshkosh, enroll- ing in Company B, 3rd Wisconsin Cavalry, for three years. The regiment was recruited by Col. W. A. Barstow, and in May, 1862, a.ssem- bled at Fort Leavenworth, Kas. Here they were mounted, and the colonel being appointed Provost Marshal General, of the State, the regi- ment was distributed throughout the State. There were three battalions, comprising four companies each. Mr. Weitzel was in the "3rd" under the command of Major Schroeling, his company l:)eing placed at Fort Leavenworth with Company K. In September following, they went to Fort Scott, remaining there until May, 1863, when they went to Fort Blunt with three other companies of the "3rd" as escort to the post supply train. They returned to Fort Scott, and in June were detailed for the same duty. On the 28th they had a sharp encounter with the rebels who were utterly routed. On the 17th of July another battle was fought at Honey Springs in the Indian Territory, in which the Federal troops again scored a com- plete triumph with little loss compared with that infiicted on the rebels. The service in which Mr. Wietzel was princi- pally engaged was as a scout and in the escorts of the supply trains, in which he saw enough active fighting to satisfy him in regard to the exigencies and responsibilities of a soldier's career. Several of bis experiences will serve to convey an idea of the experiences of the sol- diers sent to the frontier for duty there. On one occasion, when scouting, he, with 60 comrades was informed by one of their number in ad- vance, that a house had been discovered in which was a tal)le prepared for the breakfast of four score men without an\' apparent persons as guests. As the squad had had no food for a day they speedily helped themselves to some fruit and, while eating it were notified that the rebels were at hand. Hastily remounting, they rejoined their command four or five miles awa}', pursued by the foe. The route of the scouting PERSONAL RECORDS. 571 party was retraced on the double-quick, and the rebels found dispersed and flying. The foiTg- ing expeditions and chases after bushwhackers and guerrillas are full of daring and interest. While escorting the supply train at ( 'abni Creek, the rebels pressed closely on all sides. The crossing was prevented by the heavy rain, and when the rebels commenced firing they aimed too high for good effect as they intended. Fi- nally, they coolly commenced tlieir preparations for breakfast. The Union men fell back and prepared to spoil the meal. They cliarged ujjon the Johnnies and chased them into the creek in all directions. Many were drowned and the routers returned, after a chase of 12 miles to the train, which they conducted to Fort Gibson without again seeing the shadow of a confed- erate or Indian. July 4th, 1864, a detachment from the ord, including Mr. Weitzel, was guarding a train from Fort Leavenworth to Fort Gibson, which the rebels pursued with persistency. It was four miles in length and about midnight intelligence was brought from Flat Rock, Indian Territory, that the rebels were on the war path. Mr. Weitzel had been on picket guard with others and tliey received orders to return to the com- mand and follow up the train. The attack was likely to be made before daylight and the ut- most haste was made to hasten the train towards its destination. At daylight, the advance was within four miles of the fort and entering the woods. The reliels attacked the rear of the wagons and had captured and turned about several of them. The escort rode after them and made it so hot for tiie depredators that they left the property they had captured and turned their attention, to delaying and perplexing the team- sters and their protectors, making tliemselves par- ticularly entertaining in their attentions to the sides of the train. Tlie Union men interfered and succeeded in chasing them to, and across the Arkansas River, suffering a loss of one man. Several of the rebels were killed. In January, 1864, veteranizing in the "Third" commenced and Mr. Weitzel received honorable discharge February 28th. The day following he re-enlisted as a veteran and continued in frontier service of varied character until the date of his discharge whicii took place September 8, 1865, at Fort Leavenworth. After the war he returned to Oshkosh where he was engaged for a short time as a finisher in fine work. He was occupied for a short time in the saloon business and afterwards in- terested himself for several years as a grocer. His luisiness was destroyed by fire in 1874 with heavy loss. He re-established himselt in the same line of trade which he has since prosecuted with success. He was married Aug. 12, 1868, to Catherine Carl and they have several children, named Josephine, Jenevieve, Rosalie, Maggie, Mary An_n, John M., Lizetta and Isabella. One died in infancy. OHN B. BEEMER, of Antigo, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 78, was born in Hamilton, Canada, Nov. 14, 1835. Benjamin and Polly (Smith) Beenier, his parents, were l)orn in Pennsylvania and removed to Canada after their marriage. Tiie former was a soldier of 1812, and was in the battle of Lundy's Lane and at Short Hills. He died in Hamilton, aged 102 and his wife was within one day of 9^ years of age when she died. His fiitiier was a Revolutionary iiatriot and was 104 years old when he died and the wife of the latter died at 103 years. The father of Mr. Beemer kept a cannon ball, which he carried from the war, for a plaything for his children to whom he was in. the habit of re- marking that they would never see such an in- strument put to the purpose for which it was designed. On one such occasion, the son who is the subject of his account retorted that if he ever knew of a war he should participate in it. His resolution was strengthened by reading " Uncle Tom's Cabin " and soon after the open- ing of the civil war in the United States, he received a letter from a friend in Menasha in which the war was the topic of discussion. He started the same night for Wisconsin to enlist. He enrolled in the 21st Wisconsin Infantry, I Company and was taken sick. Being unable to proceed to the seat of war from the camp of rendezvous he was discharged. On recovery he enlisted as a recruit in I Company, 3rd Wisconsin Cavalry, under Captain Conkey, (see sketch) and went to Madison where he was rejected on account of a sty on his eye. In the spring of 1865 he enlisted in the 46th Wisconsin, and on the lOtii of March, the regi- ment arrived at Louisville, and in April was 372 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF detailed to guard the Nashville and Decatur railroad in Alabama. In September the command was mustered out at Nashville and Mr. Beemer received hon- orable discharge. He participated in all the service in wliich the "46th" was engaged until about two weeii^^|«5»^>^it^^^<5een a citizen since that date. He went,\viien 15 years old to serve an apprenticeship to learn the business of a cabinet-maker with tlie father of his wife at Edmeston, Otsego county, N. Y., and followed that occupation twelve years in his native State. He located in Wisconsin at Geneva, Walworth county, and engaged in the same business. He enlisted in April, -1861, at Geneva in a lo- cal organization which enrolled for three montlis and reported under the requisition, but before marching a general order was issued abolishing such organizations and membei'S of the com- pany re-enlisted and went into Camp Utley at Racine, and were mustered into Company F, 4th Wisconsin Lifantry for three years. Mr. Burdick was made Corporal on the formation of his company and acted as Sergeant during a large proportion of his period of service, being mustered out in Februarj', 1802, for disabilities incurred in the war. The command encoun- tered rebellion among the railroad officials while en route to Elmira, New Yoi-k, and its colonel took pos.session of a locomotive, called for vol- unteer engineers from the regiment and took the cars through to their destination. At Har- risburg. Pa., news of the disaster at Bull Run met them and again Colonel Paine showed him- self equal to an emergency by borrowing smooth- bore muskets and jiroceeded to Baltinnao where the regiment was assigned to guard duty on the adjacent railroads. Mr. Burdick was in com- mand of a squad on the line of the Baltimore & Ohio railroad and during a forced march from the City of Monuments to Snow Hill was taken sick. He suffered all the discomfort and danger from compound hernia and was an occupant of the hospital in Baltimore until his discharge. He returned to Geneva and endeavored to re- sume active business but failed to do so and re- moved to Grand Rapids, Wis., where he worked at his trade as he was able. Three years later he went to Wausau, Wis., and after a residence of nine years to Merrill, then .Jenney, where he has "grown up with the place.'' He is the son of Jo.seph and Sarah (Cham- plain) Burdick, both of Rhode Island origin and descent for many generations. His ancestors in both lines were engaged in the wars with Great Britain. His brother's sons, Herbert and Russel, were soldiers in Wisconsin regiments. Dec. 2, 1848, Mr. Burdick was married to Fanny Coon and they have a daughter, Lilian Adele. She is the wife of Mitchell Schoyrnoard, and is the mother of two children — Horace Albert and Ethel Blythe. Mrs. Burdick is the daughter of Elijah Coon, and was born at Hamilton, N. Y. Her mother was, before marriage. Prudence Bowler. E. Morgan Coon, Cortland J. Coon and James K. P. Coon (see sketch) her brothers, were soldiers in the late war. The first enlisted from Pennsylvania and the second from New York. George Tanner, her uncle by marriage, died at Andersonville. Charles Witter, a cousin, was an enlisted man and also Orson M. Coon, a cousin, who is hopelesslj' ill from disease con- tracted in the army, residing at Fulton, Wis. On the organization of the Woman's Relief Corps at Merrill, July 13, 1886, Mrs. Burdick was made President. She held the position until the election of 1888, when she declined another occupancy, mucli tc regret of the organization, and was the recipient of a gift in appreciation of her services. Following are the remarks of the Senior Vice-President on that occasion; — Mrs. President : — On the part of Lincoln Relief Corps, No. 40, I present you this evening with this slight token of our appreciation of your noble work as President of our Corps, for the PERSONAL RECORDS. 375 past year and a half. This appreciation comes from every member of the Corps and, while we feel t)iat the work has been too much for you, still we feel it is hard to part with you as Presi- dent of the Corps, for which you have worked so long and earnestly. However, we know that you will continue to work with us heart and iiand to help our new President in furthering the good work you have so well begun. ^^^'tf'.^'tf^^ 1^ M. VAN NORMAN, of Clintonville, s^fcl Wis., and a member of G. A. R. 5^ , Post No. 32, was Iwrn Oct. 5, 1832, ' at Manlius, Onondaga Co., New York, and is the son of AVilliam and Almira Van Norman. He is of pure American descent, his ancestors having been of American birth for three generations before him. He came to Wisconsin April 29, 1852, from Syracuse, New York, and lived at Berlin until the war. He enlisted at Berlin Feb. 22, 1864, for three years in Company I, 7th Wisconsin Infantry. In April, 1865, he was made 3rd Corporal but did not receive his credentials on account of the surrender of Lee. He received honorable dis- charge Dec. 1, 1869. (The latest recorded in this volume.) Mr. Van Norman was first in the campaign of the Wilderness and fought at Spotsylvania, North Anna, Bethesda Church, in both actions at Hatcher's Run and at Five Forks. He was wounded May 5, 1864, and went to the hospital on the field and thence to Washington. He was sent with the regiment to .Jett'ersonville, Ind., when with others of his company, lie received a pass for 20 days and went to work on a farm, as farm hands at that time commanded good pay. About a week later, he learned that the regi- ment had gone home. He reported at once to the Provost Marshal at Louisville, but could not get his discharge. Then he came to Wis- consin and employed an attorney and the attempt again foiled. He waited until 1860 when he wrote to the State Adjutant General who sent the application to the official of the Government at Washington and he sent it to General Pope, then residing at Detroit, Mich. General Pope succeeded in obtaining the neces- sary papers, but be was discharged without re- ceiving back pay, bounty or allowance of any kind. The whole cause of the trouble was his absence from the ranks, when the regiment was mustered out. He was married Dec. 25, 1851, to Mary C. Daniels and they have eight children living. Four sons are deceased. Tlie two oldest sons are members of L. Clinton Camp, Sons of Veterans, and the three oldest sons cast their maiden votes for Harrison in 1888. The father is of the same political con- nection and takes pride and satisfaction in his sons' choice of a similar relation in the obliga- tions of their manhood. »-j>»^*-.;»6^^^>iC5«f-i-i^j«<-» tSyy^lUAAU W. DEVOE, of Wausau, lv2?^W Wis., member of Post No. 55, was mung Co., New York. His pa- rents removed in his infancy to Monterey, Steuben county, in the same State, and when he was twelve they came AVest to Lake Co., 111. Until he was 18 he had the advantages of com- mon schools in that locality and in 1849, went to what was then known as the Indian lands, or Menominee, purchase of Wisconsin. In 1851 he went to Chicago to complete his knowl- edge of his trade as a carpenter, and operated in that city until 1853. He then went to Plain- field, Waushara county, where he remained until the spring of 1857, when he came to Wau- sau, since his home. He has operated there as a builder, and has erected many of the most prominent structures in tlie city. During the past 15 years he has conducted the business of a millwright. Nov. 5, 1861, Mr. Devoe enlisted at Wausau in the 8th Wisconsin Battery. He was pro- moted in 1862 to Sergeant at Munfordsville, Ky., veteranized on the field Jan. 26, 1864, re- turned with the battery to Madison, passed a 30-day furlough at liome and returned to Alur- freesboro. Aug. 10, 1865, he was discharged at Milwaukee. The batterj' left Wisconsin in March, 1862, and remained in barracks in St. Louis until April, when the command was assigned for service in the New Mexico expecition, which came to nought and, after wearisome fruitless marches, the battery returned from Fort Riley to Leavenworth, to proceed to Columbus, Ivy., 376 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF with General Mitchell. Going thence to Hum- boldt, Tenn.,tlie battery performed guard duty on the railroad until July, when it went to Corintb. On tlieir way to luka they had a lively scrimmage at Bay Springs 'and, on ar- rival at the former place, was assigned to the "Army of the Tennessee," to report at Nashville, whither the command marched. Mr. Devoe was in the section that fought at luka, and he was also in the successive actions at Perryville, shelled the rebels from tlieir position at Lan- caster on the same day (previously, it sbould have been stated fighting at Corinth) at Stone River, Chickamauga, Lookout Mountain and Mission Ridge. While stationed at Murfrees- boro, Mr. Devoe was detailed by General Or- der of General \nn Glcve to the Engineer's Corps, witli which he was connected during the remainder of tlie time until the collapse of the rebellion. His duties there were ardu- ous in the extreme, consisting of heavy labor in building magazines, redoubts, and other va- rieties of foi'tifications, which was terminated by the termination of the war. During the time the battery was stationed at Fort Rosecrans, Dec. 7th, 1864, an attack on the fort was made by Forrest. General Van Cleve was in com- mand and was relieved by the arrival of General Milroy, who came from Tullaboma and captured several lunulred prisoners and a four-gun battery. At the time Mr. Devoe was managing a 56-pounder. About oUO rebels took position in front of tbe place and in response to an order from Van Cleve he ran out his gun, gave it an elevation of thirteen and half degrees, (one and a half miles) loaded with an explosive shell and dropped the mis- sile in tbe midst of the troops. He was called to the front of his company and complimented by General Van Cleve for having made the best shot of the day. Later, Sergeant Devoe examined tbe spot and found eleven dead horses within an acre of space. Mr. Devoe is descended from two races which left the impress of their patriotism on the period in which they lived. His pa- ternal great grandsire and three brothers fought in the Revolution. They were Abraham, Jerry, Isaac and Jacob Devoe. Isaac, son of Abraham and father of the father of Mr. De- voe, fought in 1812. Isaac W., his brother, served through the Civil war in an Illinois reg- iment. The parents were Jacob T. and Matilda T. (Gordon) Devoe. The former was of New York State lineage, the latter of Connecticut. The grandfather of Mr. Devoe on his mother's side. Lieutenant Hotchkiss, was a patriot of the Revolution. Dec. 28,1859, Mr. Devoe was married ;u Ad- die S. Gouldsbury. Their sons, William G. and Charles E., are aged respectively, twenty- one and nineteen. Two infant daughters, named Lizzie are deceased. Mrs. Devoe was born in Vermont. Mr. Devoe is prominent in Grand Army matters and has filled several official positions in the organization at Wausau, and he held the office of Aid to General Lucius Fairchild, when Commander-in Chief. His son, William G., belongs to the Wausau Light Guards, the organization which distanced all competitors at the International drill in Chicago in 1887. The company took a prize of $5,UU0 and every member wears the medal awarded, conspicuous for beauty and costing $50 each. * *^5^-^- *^*tf-^' ■>-i>t^-»-J>t^ E()R(JE A. WILLIAMS, of Marinette, Wis., a member of G. A. R. Post, No. 207, was born Dec. 17, 1838, in Athens, Ohio. He is the son of James Finley Williams, and his grandfather was born in Scotland. Two brothers of the senior Williams came to America and settled in Pennsylvania. He was born in Zanesville, Ohio, and married Sarah, daughter of James Adams of Bradford Co., Pennsylvania. Tliey bad three daughters and one son. Tbe mother is living with her only son in Marinette. Mr. Williams enlisted Jan. 6, 1863, at Indi- anapolis for three years or during the war in an Independent Battery. He received honor- able discharge Aug. 3, 1865, at Indianapolis, Ind. The battery went to Louisville and thence to Bardstown, Ky., where they lost their equip- ments in a collision on the railroad. After two weeks delay, they went to Lebanon and joined the troops commanded b_v General M. D. Man- son and set out in pursuit of Morgan, with whom they engaged at Green River, K}'., and the rebels routed and captured many prisoners. After driving tbe guerrilla chief across tbe Ohio, they camped at Kingston and went next across the Cumberland mountains and made PERSONAL RECORDS. 377 connection with the command of Burnside at IjQudon, E. Tenn. Mr. Williams was in the battle there and went next on a raid to Sweet- water Plain.s and, after a skirmish, fell back to Loudon. On their retreat towards Knoxville, Longstreet's command overtook them and they had a sharp battle at Campbell's Station. Their next action was at the siege of Knoxville, Sher- man driving the rebels away and the battery went to Strawberry Plains where they camped a month. They went again to Knoxville where their guns were shipped by cars and- they rode the horses to Chattanooga, where they joined Sher- man and fought at Resaca, Peach Tree Creek, Kenesaw Mountain and other battles on the campaign to Atlanta. One section of the bat- tery was detailed under Stoneman. (At Straw- berry i-'lains their armament had been reduced from six to four guns.) The battery proceeded on the march to the sea and were engaged in tile slielling of INhicon. They fell back to Sun- shine Church where they were svirrounded by rebels and fought as long as they had ammuni- tion. When they surrendered not a shell was left. Colonel Moore rode along the line shout- ing to ask who would follow him to freedom. Mr. Williams was among those who mounted his hor.se and fled to the C'hattahoochie where 400 soldiers crossed. For four days and nights they were continuously in the saddle and Mr. Williams went next to Ivingston where he made connection with his battery and went to Atlanta. After the evacuation they camped at Decatur and reported for duty, under orders, for Nashville. Their battery was stationed at Fort Negley and it was in action in the siege of that city. In .January, 1865, the battery went to Louisville, where it remained until .July and was sent thence to Indianapolis for discharge. But 32 of the original complement of 186 men returned to be mustered out. Mr. Williams had two brothers-in-law and a step-brother who fought in the civil war. All but himself died in the service. His mother had eiglit brothers and four si.sters. Three of the former were in the war. Of the remainder one is living at Oakland, Cal. A brother and sister have be- come lost to her knowledge. One of her sisters dropped dead on receiving the intelligence of the death of her two sons who were on the Sul- tana with four nephews in April, 1S65, when she was blown to atoms by a rebel engineer who went aboard for that purpose and whose atrocity has been only recently exposed, (ISSS). Mr. Williams was married December 23rd, 1873, to Mary A. Rodgers, and they have five surviving children — .John Victor, Charles Fred- erick, James Joseph, Mary Elizabeth and Harry Augustus. George is deceased. Mr. Williams is engaged in the sale of fish and has an exten- sive business relation in that line of operation. Mrs. Williams was born in Menominee, Mich., and is the daughter of Wm. Charles and Lidia Elizabeth (Davis) Rodgers. Ht-r father was born in New .Jersey and her mother in Penn- sylvania. Her brother, George Henry Rod- gers, enlisted in a Wisconsin regiment. "T^-jT IRAM S iPy^ 95, was >'.^^'^^«f-»'<^'«^- S. BALL, of Westfield, Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. as born .July 0, 1844, in Mad- ison county. New York. The fam- ily removed to Milwaukeie in 1846, and when he was 11 years old, in vl855, his parents came to Marquette county, within wliose borders he has since resided, and he has been a citizen of Westfield since 1881. August 29, 1864, he en- listed in Company D, 43rd Wisconsin Infantry, at Randolph, for one year or during the war. The regiment went to Louisville, from the ren- dezvous, and afterwards to Nashville, to pro- ceed thence to Johnsonville, the most important point on the Tennessee River, where a great amount of military supplies were in store. Mr. BiiU was at that place with the regiment when Hood made his attack in which the command lost two men. In November the regiment went to Clarkesville on the Cumberland River, and thence January 1st, 1865, to camp at Dechard, Tenn., which was headquarters for the com- mand while engaged in guarding the railroad, and where Mr. Ball performed scout and skirmish duty. He was taken sick and was sent successively to hospitals at Nashville, Tenn., Louisville, Ky., Keokuk and Davenport, Iowa., Prairie du Chien, Wis., and he reached Mil- waukee and was discharged July 5, 1865. After the fight at .Johnsonville, Mr. Ball was detailed as special messenger for Colonel Cobb, the chief officer of the regiment. The Lieuten- ant Colonel was Byron Paine of Madison, who was Supreme Court Judge when the war broke 378 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF out. The march of the regiment from John- sonville to Clarkesville was heavy, through an ahnost unhrokeii forest, and for six thiys tlie command was on quarter rations, and closely followed by rebel troops, being compelled to throw away baggage and move on the double quick. The loss of their clothing was especially felt as they received no renumeration. Since the war, Mr. Ball has been engaged to .some ex- tent in farming and mercantile relations. During the oSth session of the Assembly at Madison, he acted in the capacity of Clerk of the Senate, and his work in preparing the records received special commendations. He is at i)re- sent representing the hardware house of 0. S. Rixford of Ilighgate, Vt. He is a Republican of radical stripe, and the only member of his father's family who belongs to that political con- nection of which fact he is very proud. He was married April 21, 1863, to Rachel Arkiles, and they have three children : Margie was born September 25, 186G ; Archie D., Marcho 16, 1872 ; Myrtle, .Jan. 10, 187G. i-J»»^ -J>i^ *^^i^5*^->i^5*f-i. EORGE K. M^OOD, of Friendship, Wis., was born in New York, May 28, 1841. His parents removed to Long Island when he was three years old and when he was 15 he began an apprenticeship to learn the saddler's trade at Farmingdale, and was engaged in that vocation until he entered the army. He enlisted May 5th, and was mustered into U. S. service, .June 20, 1861, in Company E, Brooklyn I'luilanx, (Beecher's regiment) which was mustered into the 1st Long Island National Regiment in rendezvous at Fort Schuyler. The command moved successively to Fort Hamilton, South Amboy, Philadelphia, Baltimore and Washing- ton and were brigaded at iVdams Camp with the 61st, 23rd and 82nd Pennsylvania regi- ments and the 65th New York. Their next i-emove was to Camp Graham and into winter quarters at Procter where ihe ensuing months were passed in military duty and in construct- ing fortifications at Bunker Hill and Cedar Hill, D. C. In March 1862, Mr. Wood was in the movement to Manassas and returned with the command to Procter which marched thence via Alexandria and Hampton to Fortress Mon- roe. Later, the command went to Warwick C. H., and was attached to the 4th Corps under General Keyes, the division being commanded by General Crouch and the brigade by Aber- crombie-. Some time was passed in road mak- ing near Yorktown, whei'e the regimental band was discharged which was 'sustained by the soldiers, each paying a dollar a month. Mr. Wood was engaged in the siege of York- town and afterwards fought at Williamsburg and Fort Magruder, assisting in the removal of 400 prisoners. He was next in battle at Gaines' Mills and was engaged three weeks in building rifle pits at Fair Oaks, in the Chicka- hominy. May 30th, while at dinner, the solid shot from the rebel batteries fell among them. The skirmishing in front of Casey's division became so severe tluit the division of Couch was sent to his assistance and the command was soon after in line of battle to take part in the first important battle of the campaign. The colonel of the regiment and the captain of Company F, was wounded and within a few minutes 184 men were slain. Disaster to the regiment was only averted by General Kearney who came up with reinforcements and enabled them to regain their camp. The regiment was inactive during the following month and, meanwhile, the style of the regiment was changed by Governor Seymour to the 67th New York which was ver} distasteful to the command. Mr. Wood was in the subsequent action of the army on the peninsula and in the action during the withdrawal to the James, which included the Battle of Gaines' Mills and Malvern Hill and which closed the advance of McClelhin on Richmond. The command of Abercrombie took a prominent part in the con- test until their ammunition was exhausted when they were relieved by the brigade of Sickles. At 4 o'clock on the morning of the 2nd of July, orders were issued for the with- drawal to Harrison's Landing which was reached by the regiment in a complely demor- alized condition and Mr. Wood was placed on detached duty at Abercrombie's headquarters, where the regiment was reorganized and re- mained until a movement was ordered in August to Alexandria preliminary to the 2nd battle of Bull Run. The coi'ps and division commanders were relieved by Franklin and Newton and the for- mer was afterwards relieved bv Cochrane after PERSONAL RECORDS. 379 failing to reinforce Pope. Mr. Wood was with liis regiment in the movement on the double- quick to tiie battle field at Bull Run, which was reached in season to witness the withdrawal of the rebels into Mar3'land, and he was in the pursuit to Chain Bridge, where the command was unaccountably delayed for three days. He was in the attack at South Mountain and went thence to Harper's Ferry to reinforce Miles whose death occurred about the time of their arrival, and the regiment again moved on the double-quick to fight at Antietam and he was in the battle within an hour after reaching the scene of action. The rebels withdrew at mid- night, and the command moved to the heights at Sharpesljurg, where it was again held inert until am{)le time elapsed for the movement of the rebels into \'irginia and, when pursuit was finally ordered, a movement was made to the river to find that the rebels had crossed. After a delay of five days, orders were received to join Hancock to aid in the repulse of the rebels in their advance into Maryland. The brigade moved to Cherry Run to find that they wore not needed ; five days afterwards they went to Fredericksburg, where they were subjected to exposure in the snow, having no tents. The regiment was in support of the batteries during that action, and when the Federal army with- drew, they left 1,700 dead and wounded on the field. The command remained in winter quar- ters at Falmouth until March, with the excep- tion of the movement known as the mud cam- paign. While the action at Chancellorsville was in progress, May 3, 1863, Mr. Wood was in the charge at Marye's Heights which were car- ried under heavy fire. The 65th New York was left in charge of the regimental property, and the command advanced four miles to fight until nightfall under Sedgwick. The 67th New York is especially mentioned for distin- guished bravery in this action, and a repetition of the charge will be found in the sketch of T. S. Allen on another page. After Longstreet's occupation of Fredericksburg, Mr. Wood was in anotlier movement on the double-cpiick to United States Ford, returning to Fredericks- burg for another charge. Previous to the battle of Gettysburg, he was on the march three days and went into battle after marching 38 miles and, on the morning of the 3rd of July, his command was assigned to Meade's center. The brigade captured an entire rebel regiment about 4 o'clock in the afternoon of that day. Mr. Wood was in the pursuit to Williamsport and assisted in the capture of the booty the rebels had collected. The 67th re- turned to Berlin and soon after engaged in the action at Rappahannock Station, where a brig- ade of rebels were captured, and they went tlience to Brandy Station and, after drawing eight days rations, went to the Wilderness, re- turning to Brandy Station. Mr. Wood went next to Johnson's Island, opposite Sandusky, Ohio, where 2,600 rebels were guarded through the winter, and he re. joined the veterans at Brandy Station in March- After Grant assumed the command of tlie Army of the Potomac, he was in the movement in May and went on the double-quick to Ger- mania Ford to participate in the first battle of the Wilderness, and in a cliarge at 8 o'clock in the morning of tlie 6th of May, he received a bullet in his left arm. He was removed to the field hospital, where he learned that his colonel and General Shaler had been captured, which was worse than his own injury. At nightfall, orders came for all who were able, to move, and Mr. Wood walked four miles to the 5th division hospital, where his arm was amputated Saturday, May 7th, by a physician from Long Island. Mr. Wood went to the hospital at Fredericksburg and afterwards to Howard hos- ])ital at Washington, whence he was discharged July 15, 1864. After returning to New York, he was ap- pointed messenger in the Bi'ooklyu navy yard and, after serving eight years, entered the em- ploy of the News Company. In 1880, he came to Friendship, where he has since resided. Although disabled by the loss of his arm, he has engaged in mechanical employment and has establishc'd himself in a shop, where he maiuiftictures many articles, impossible for most men to make with two hands. His pre- mises include a fine park, and he has made all the improvements and beautified the place without assistance. »^?r^.-^t^^^<=i«e-*i«sr.^^ ^g^NOS RENIER, Menominee, Mich., ^ and a former soldier of the civil war, was born at Wolf River, Lower Can- ada, Sept. 21st, 1844. He is the son of Jacob and Angeline (Haurcu) Renier, and 380 SOLDIERS ALBUM OF his parents were both natives of Canada and of French extraction. His fatlier was a soldier in the Canadian army in 1814, and served two years. Tlie son was 11 years old when lie left Canada with the family of his fatlier to settle in Wisconsin. A location was made was made at Two Rivers, Manitowoc county, where his father followed his busuiess as a fisher- man and, at 16, he engaged in the same bus- iness, in which he was occupied two years, after which he rafted on the "two rivers" until he entered the army. He came to Wisconsin in 1855, and enlisted August 11, 1862, at Two Rivers, in Company D, under Ca})tain .Joseph Rankin, 27th Wisconsin Infantry, (Jolonel Con- rad Krez, afterwards l>revet Brigadier General U. S. Vols. Mr. Renier was in rendezvous with the regi- ment at Camp Wasiiburn, Milwaukee, and went thence to Camp Sigel. The barracks took fire on the night of January 2, 1863, when the regi- ment returned to Camp Washburn and guarded drafted men until March 7, 1863, when it was completed and mustered into service. The command left the State a week later after a stay of seven months in Milwaukee. At the time of the fire three men lost their lives and the entire command had a narrow escape. The soldiers had been well drilled and were in good shape for service when they went to Columbus, Ky., and, about a month later, went to Cape Girardeau and returned to Columbus, and went thence to the Yazoo River, m June, and went to Sartatia, where a sharp skirmish took place and the regiment marched to Haines' Bluff under a blazing sun, and in a few days went to Snyder's Bluff, in the rear line of tlie investment of Vicksburg. Mr. Renier was taken sick June 17, 1863, while on picket duty at Haines' Bluff, and re- mained in camp until the regiment went to Helena, after the capitulation of Vicksburg. About 300 men of the regiment were sick when removed there and were left on the streets to be cared for as best they could and they were afterwai'ds taken to the field hospital near Helena, where Mr. Renier was attacked with ague and went, a week later, to jNIemphis. August 26th, he went into Adams general hos- pital, previous to which, since June 17, he had been in the same camp and field hospital as stated. He remained at Adams hospital three months suffering with bone fever, typhoid fe- ver, ague and chronic diarrhea. November 25th he was removed to the convalescent camp at Fort Pickering, Memphis, and after remain- ing there a month he received a furlough of 3o days and returned to Two Rivers. He was not able to return to Ins command until the last of March, 1864, when he reported at Madison, Wis., and was sent to his regiment at Little Rock, Ark. While there Mr. Renier was detailed as guard on a steamer on the Ar- kansas River to P'ort Smith, on which he made six trips, being each time under guerrilla fire from the banks on either side. He was not on board in the last trip when the Cherokee In- dians captured the lioat and killed every man except a scout, who escaped. The command next went to do guard duty on the Little Rock and Memphis railroad west of Brownsville, and afterwards returned to Little Rock. Feb. 7, 1865, the regiment left Little Rock on trans- ports to join tlie troops under Canby at New Orleans and went to Algiers and started for Mobile Point, Feb. 20th, and at that place was assigned to the 3rd Brigade, 3rd- Division, 13th Armj^ Corps, Colonel Krez taking command of the brigade. Mr. Renier went with his regiment to the trenches in front of Spanish Fort, where he re- mained on duty until April 8th, and went on the morning of the 9th to Fort Blakely, ar- riving in time to witness its cajiitulation and went thence to Alabama City and afterwards to Whistler's Station on the Mobile and Ohio railroad, whence he marched about 60 miles up the Tombigy River and, after the surren- der of Dick Taylor, returned to Mobile. June 1st he went across the Gulf of Mexico to Brazos Santiago, Texas, landing and marching to Clarksville and thence to Brownsville, where he was mustered out August 20, 1864. Sep- tember 1st he started for home and reached Madison on the 17th of the same month. Af- ter his return to Two Rivers he was occupied three years in rafting on the two rivers. He was employed afterward for three years as a master carpenter on the government works in the harbor at Two Rivers and on Sturgeon Bay canal, working for the United States in the summers and as a lumberman in win- ter seasons. He passed eight successive years in the business of a house carpenter, after which he moved to Ahnapee, where he worked in the harbor and went thence to Sturgeon Bay and was in the employ of the government five years as a master carpenter. July 16, 1885, he PERSONAL RECORDS. 381 located at Menominee, Mich., where he is en- gaged as a boat liuilder and he is tlie proprie- tor of tlie Menominee Pleasure- Boathouse in connection with which he owns several yachts, sailboats, rowboats and all tlie fixtures for sport on the water. He was married Sept. 20, 1868, to Sophie La Duce and their surviving children are named Frank, John and Alexander; Mary and Albert died in infancy. Mrs. Renier was born at Two Rivers, Wis., and her father, Frank La Duce, was a native of Detroit, Mich. He married Mary Pelon, who was born in Canada, and both were of French extraction. -J5»^ .^5»^,^^<5^~►<5*f-^ ^,^,, AMUEL VINCENT, Clerk of the Cir- cuit Court of Calumet county, resident at Hayton, Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 205 at Chilton, was born Oct. 22, 1842, in Duchess Co., Mew York. He is the son of Michael and Elizabeth (Carey) Vincent and the family removed to Wisconsin in ] 854, and settled at Hayton. Tiie father died in June, 1885, in Clark county. The mother re- sides in Chilton with her daughter, the wife of Dr. J. F. Luce. Mr. Vincent has been a resident of Wisconsin since he was 12 years old and he has been associated with all the interests of the State as a citizen and soldier. He enlisted in Compan)- E, 6th Wisconsin Infantry at Fond du Lac Sep. 3, 1864, for one year, and joined his regiment as a recruit in front of Petersburg; after a few weeks he was promoted to Corporal. Soon after he was sent back in charge of a number of recruits who had not been with the command long enough to re- ceive equipments and while he was absent, his regiment was sent on the Warren raid to the Weldon railroad in North Carolina. He was first in action at Hatcher's Run, February 5th, and he was afterwards with the regiment in all the movements in which it was engaged and fought at Gravelly Run, Five Forks and Appa- mattox, where he participated in the capture of Lee's army. The corps to which he tielonged was on the extreme left in the movement which resulted in the l>attle of Hatcher's Run. The command camped m open field at night and built large camp fires. At 10 o'clock orders were issued "to fall in" and tliey marched hurriedly five miles, halting in a pine grove until daylight when the lines were formed and aftgr a short advance they came upon the rebels in force; the skirmish line was driven in about mid-day and the main line advanced across an open field into the tim- ber and as the edge was reached, a solid line of rebels rose to their feet a few rods away and de- livered a terrific volley. In the response from the Union troops, the rebels were driven half a mile before they could make a stand. The for- ward and back movement, with fighting, con- tinued until night and, as the day wore away the rebels made several efforts to break the line of the Wisconsin troops and about night the left of the 6th yielded and the command tell back to a new position. They lay on their arms all night through rain and snow and in the morn- ing the regiment took position in a piece of woods and threw up earthworks under artillery fire. The action continued through the day the rebels making no progress; towards night the Union line advanced and attacked a rebel force, the 6th Wisconsin lying down 20 rods from the fortifications. They fell back about dark and the attempt to extend the lines at Dabney's Mills came to an end without having accomplished the purpo.se in view, the Union army settling back to the siege lines, which cov- ered the ground which had been gained. The movement at Gravelly Run, March 31st, was planned by Grant to tighten his grip on Lee's army. When orders were received to form line of battle the movement was hardly begun when the rebels made a fierce ciiarge and the Union force fell back. Everything seemed go- ing in favor of the rebels, but finally the tables were turned and the rebel line driven in. The battle of Five Forks was the last regular en- gagement of the regiment, the actions following in which it was engaged l^eing only skirmish- ing. Mr. Vincent went with the command to the final scenes at Washington and was dis- charged June 9, 1865. He returned to Calumet county where he resumed his business and the duties of citizenship and in 1874, was elected Sherirt'of Calumet county and he has filled sev- eral other local offices. In the winter of 1887-8, he was appointed by Judge Burnell, of the 3rd Circuit Couit, as a commissioner to equalize the real estate assessment between Winnebago county and the city of Oslikosh. He is also a member of a commission appointed by the Cir- 382 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF cuit Court to appraise damages to real estate in Calumet county from overtlow of tlie Menasha dam. Mr. Vincent was married Marcli U. 1874, to Demis L. Watrous, of ihiyton, and tiiey have liad fourcliildreii. Following is a, record of tlicir several births: — Demis J., Feb. 4, 1875; Henry A., Feb. 18, 187G; Ruth E., Aj)ril 17, 1879; Gil- bert M., Jan. 28, 1885. ■>-^»»^»-i»l^ ;^^«tf*i^^•<^*«f-► OSEPH II. LA WE, of Oconto, Wis., mem- ber of G. A. R. I'o.st No. 74, was born Feb- ruary 10, 1842, at Kaukauna, Wis. Ilis fiitlier, David R. La we, of Green Bay, was born in England, and married Betsy Pricket, of Green Bay. She was the daughter of a Kentuckian, and her mother was of mixed Spanish and Indian blood. In iiis early man- hood Mr. Lawe was engaged in tlie lumber trade, and enlisted October, 14, LSbl, nt Oconto, in Company F, l"Jtli Wisconsin Infantry. The rendezvous of the regiment was at Madison, and Mr. Lawe went with tlu^ command to Chicago, and thence to (^uincy, HI. Me was taken sick and was carried to Ilaniiibal and Weston, Mo. He went tbeiu-e to Leavenworth, to Kansas City, to Fort Scott, to Lawrence, to I'ort Reiiy and back to Leavenworth, where he took pas- sage on a transport down the Missouri River to St. Louis. He went thence to f^ojumbus, Ky., and from there to Hvuidioldt, where be was sick with bilious fever. He was detailed as escort to a mule train, and was attacked by rebels, his first encounter with them. None were injured, and they went to Bolivar, skirmishing on tlie route. He was next in the Oxford raid and re- turned to Holly S})rings, and went next to Vicksburg and, after tlie ca]iture of the city, joined in tlie pursuit of Johnston, and fought in the battle at Jackson. The regiment went next to Natchez, where Mr. Lawe was sick in the hospital, and after- wards returned to Vicksburg and Nalhez. He veteranized in January, 18()4, ami afterwards went on the Meridian Expedition, in vvbicli be was engaged in half a dozen skirmishes. Re- turning again to Vicksburg and Natchez, he came to Wisconsin on his veteran's furlough. He rejoined the regiment at Cairo, went to Paducah and to Rome, Ga.., and marched with the columns of Sherman across the country to the .sea. He was in the actions at Kenesaw Mountain and Peach Tree Creek, July 21, 181)4; he was in the charge on the crest of the liill at Peach Tree Creek, and duiing the two days of the light at Atlanta, the regiment won sj)ocial commendation. They were in the lively work which followed until the battle of Joncsboro, and returned to Atlanta. Meanwhile the date of the presidential election passed, on which Mr. Lawe cast his first vote for "Honest Old Abe." He was present at the capture of Savannah, and went to Beaufort Island, S. C, and next to Pocotaligo and was in a skirmish at the Salkahatchie River. He was in an en- * gagement at Orangeburg, at Clieraw and at Fayettville, and witnessed the battle of Bentou- ville, going thence to Goldsboro and Raleigh. At Ch'angeburg three men crossed the i^Alisto River, Thomas Haley of Company H swimming across and carrying a rope preparatory to lay- ing a pontoon bridge. He received a medal of honor, and was breveted captain. After the surrender of Johnston, the regiment did its last marching thence to Washington, and particn- pated in the Grand Review. A month later, they went to Louisville to be mustered out, and Mr. jjawi' received honorable discharge in August. Mr. Lawe was married to Mary G. Bowers, July 11, 1879, at Peshtigo, Wis. Since his re- turn to Oconto, Mr. Lawe has managed his busi- ness in the lumber trade. The parents of Mrs. Lawe were William and Frances (Welch) Bowers. Her father was born in (Jeorgia, and her mother in Virginia. They came to Wisconsin in 18G2, and Mr. Bowers died at the age of 84. George, Jasper and Joshua, brothers of Mrs. Lawe, were in Wiscon- sin regiments. The last named was wounded in action taken prisoncir, and sent to Ander.son- ville. »»^ ^^t^^^'^^*^-''^*'!-* ^RANK HELMER, of Peshtigo, Wis., was born Nov. 14, 1851, at Winches- ter, Dundas Co., Canada. He is the son of John and Margaret (Le Grow) Helmer. The father was a soldier in the 16th New York Infantry, aiul was in the Army of the Potomac. He was in one of the first regi- PERSONAL RECORDS. 383 menls that went to the front and was afterwards transferrt^d to a Massachusetts IJattery, to be re- transferred to a New York regiment hater. He lost liis Hfe in front of P(!tersburg in the activi- ties (if 1S()4. Tiie family removed from the L)ominit)n to New York in 1857, and when tiie son was few months past 14 years old, he deter- mined to liave a chance at the rebels through whose instrumentality he was deprived of a father. He resolved to enlist, and did .so l^'eb. 17, 18(55. in Comi)aiiy Ji, li).'h-d New York In- fantry, enrolling at iVfalone, Clinton Co., New York, for one year or during the war. He joined the regiment as a recruit at the front, and the command was held after the close of hostilities during the reconstruction period, on the Vii'ginia borders. Mr. Helmer received honorable discharge at Harper's P^erry, Va., Jan 18,1866. He returned to the State of New York, and in 1876 he removed to Massachusetts where he remaincMl two years, removing to W'is- sinsin in 1S78. He married Olive McCormick and theii' chil- dren are Grace, Susie, Wilbur, Ethel and one unnamed child. ■.-;>t>-j»t>i^^^<=«f-<.C^<^ OHN W. VAUGHN, a citizen at I'itts- ville. Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 73, was born .July 2, 1846, atMooers, Clinton Co., New York, and he is the son of Allen and Harriet (Grover) Vaughn. He remained in his native county until 1853, when he removed with his parents to Wisconsin and the family located in Jefferson county. They resided in Germantown from 1854 to 1868, when Mr. Vaughn removed to Pittsville, which has since been his residence. On coming to the State of Wisconsin, he was occupied in farming and in various capacities as a lumber- man and he eidi.slcil at Werner, Nov. 22, 1861, in the 10th Battery, Wisconsin Light Artillery, for th ree years and he received honoral)le dis- charge Jan. 26, 1865, at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. March 28, 1862, he was transferred from the 10th to the 9th Battery with which he served until the end of the war. The trans- fer took ])iace at Ikmton liarracks by order of General Halleck. The !»th Battery was filled by this transfer which included 155 men and they moved immediately to Leavenworth City, whence tliey marched more than 500 miles to Denver, Colorado, being on the march 36 days. At Denver, the command separated and was sent in three bodies in three different directions, Mr. X^aughn was assigned to the Right Section and he marched to Fort Union in New Mexico, and thence to Fort Lyon in Colorado, the dis- tance in addition to the former march con- •stituting almost 1,000 miles. Mr. Vaughn was in the service a little more than three years and when not marching, was engaged in skirmish- ing with Indians, but during the time he was connected with the battery, ho marched about 3,000 miles. He returned from the war to Pittsville and engaged in lumbering. He is also a prominent farmer, having 30 acres of land included within the limits of Pittsville and his farm of 160 acres of land out side of the corporation is located on .sections 20, 23 and 17. He was married to Amelia Smith, December nth, 1874, and their children who survivi; are named : — IMrdie M. and Ijdith M John E. is deceased. Mrs. Vaughn is the daughter of Lorenzo D. and Eliza (Fisher) Smith. They came from Michigan to Wisconsin. Her brother, John W., was in the same battery with Mr. Vaughn, lulmund S., brother of Mr. Vaughn, was in the same l>attery with him. The latter was run over by a caisson in Missouri but recovered. -^t^^-;:^^^^ LBERTII. COLCORD, Centralia, Wis., _ -*^ member of G. A. R. Post No. 22, /(r^^^V ^^'"^■- '-*"^''> ^'''^^- '^' ^^'^^' '" New (.Jen- esee, Whiteside Co., Illinois. He is the son of l*jtiian S. and Eliza J. (Law) Col- cord, the former a native of Bath, Steuben Coun- ty, New York. His grandfather, Ivory Col- cord, was a native of Maine, and married El- zina Smith, a native of New Hampshire, and after their marriage they located in Steuben county and removed to Whiteside county with their family in 1837. Ivory Colcord was a man who took a leading position in Western Illinois and was one of the first settlers in that section of the State. His family included 1.'! children. He was in the war of LS12 and serv- ed as a drummer. Tiie mother was the daugh- ter of Joshua Law who was formerly a doctor and preacher and a slave holder of Tennessee. 384 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF He liberated his slaves, removed to Illinois and located land for his sons previous to the Gov- ernment surveys. He was surgeon in the Mex- ican war and during his service fell in a fit from which he never recovered. Mr. Colcord passed his youth on a farm in Whiteside county, receiving a common school education. His father was in tiie marble busi- ness and he went to work in his shoja when so small that he was obliged to stand on a box to reach his work. As he expresses it, he com- menced to learn his trade in the middle, work- ing both ways. His first work was cutting let- ters and ornamental work and when he com- menced to operate as a journeyman he did not understand the other branches of finishing stone. He continued business with bis father until his death in September, 1864. He en- listed Feb. 13, 1865, in Company E, 46th Illi- nois Infantry at Dixon for one year and re- ceived honorable discharge Jan. 20, 1866, at Baton Rouge, La., under orders from the War Dejmrtment. Wiien the war came on he was 16 years old but he was determined to enter the army and he enlisted in 1861 in the 7th Illi- nois Cavalry but his mother prevented his go- ing to the front. His second enlistment was as a recruit and he joined his regiment on Dau- phin Island, Mobile Bay. The regiment was in the assault and siege of Spanish Fort and proceeded liience to Fort Blakeley. Tliey were in the trenches and tlie Parrolt guns of the heavy artillery 30 feet in their rear, were send- ing shells over their heads into the fort prepar- atory to the infantry charge. Tiie drum of tlie right ear of Mr. Colcord was ruptured by the concussion of tiie artillery and he was crazed with the consequent suffering which caused permanent deafness in that ear. He did not go to the hospital but marched into Mobile, where he remained about a month and was there at the time of the explosion which was one of the most terrific events of his service. The regiment proceeded to Meridian to col- lect the munitions of war of the rebels and at Whistler's Station, a few miles out of Mobile, had a skirmish with the rebels in the woods, driving the "butternuts" out. They returned to Mobile and went thence to New Orleans via Lake PoncLartrain and up the Red River to Shreveport, La., to parole the soldiers of Kirby Smith, who had run away to Mexico with all the money he could lay his bands on. His deserted army refused to go home until they had made surrender to an authorized officer. The 46th went on ti'ansports to Grand Ecore and camped at Salubrity Springs through the summer. They foiuid there a beech tree on which the names of Lieutenant U. S. Grant and Captain Hancock had been cut. The U. S. Regulars on tlioir way to Mexico, 20 years before had camped on these grounds and the Illinois men also found brick which had been used formerly in building chimnej's. In the fall of 1865, after building winter quarters, they went to Shreveport, wliere Company E received orders to go to Marshall, Texas, to relieve the 17th Pennsylvania Cavalry, and to remain there on guard until civil law was established when Mr. Colcord returned to Baton Rouge for muster out as stated. He was engaged after the war in working at lus trade in Cleveland, Ohio, Davenport, Keo- kuk, Sabula and other cities in Iowa until his widowed mother went to Mount Pleasant in the same State where he engaged in tlie jewelry business six years. In 1874 he came to Ceri- tralia where he is engaged in the marble busi- ness. He Wiis married Nov. 29, 1874, to Agnes V. Bough ton, and iheir surviving children are nained Hubert G., Eva N. and Harry A. Bertha M. died at 18 months, Charles L. at six weeks, and tlicy also lost an infant, born twin with the surviving youngest son. Mrs. Colcord was born in the State of New York. Ivory Arthur Colcord, brother of Mr. Colcord, enlisted with him in tiie same company and regiment and saw the .same service. He was but 17 years old and was obliged to obtain his mother's consent. He pa-ssed through unhurt and suf- fered only h'om slight illnesses. Washington Wood and Tunis Taylor, cousins of Mr. Col- cord, were soldiers in the 75th Illinois Infantry and were botii killed at Perryville. •^-^S» -;»J^^^<5*f-*iS%£^ IRAM C. DAY, a resident of Stevens Point, Wis., luember of G. A. R. Post No. 156, was born Feb. 25, 1836, in Chillicothe, Ross Co., Ohio, and be is the son of George and Louisa (Chri.s- tie) Day. The parents were natives of Penn- sylvania and went to Ohio about 1830, locating at Chillicothe where they passed the remainder of their lives and died in 1849. Until he was y. (2«A.^. ^« xj^ina. 2. ^j.CUI'KLC-'^ U^ifCtiv i.-io-e- ^ I'lOCi^-}-^^, 3. (Mci,j,. S- /-te-e-*'!'. ;!. Jjiu-vo^-fvi ^Jl-l-uj-vi-i- c/c^ttetC. PEllSONAL RECORDS. 385 15, Mr. Daj'' was a pupil in the common school of his native place and in 1851 lie began to learn the carpenter's trade at wliich he worked in Frankfort and elsewhere until 185G, when he went to Elkhart, Logan Co., Ill, and after- wards passed four years working at his trade in that vicinity. In 1859 he went to Marion county, Iowa, and was married Oct. 27tli of that year to Mahala, daughter of William ami Mary (Puffenbargcr) Davis. The jtarents were born and married in Virginia where their daughter was Ijorn >Sept. 24, 1841. The family removed to Iowa about 1851, and the parents died respectively in 1853 and 1887. Mr. Day enlisted August 15, 1SH2, in Com- jmny A, 33rd Iowa Infantry. Tiie company was organized at Knoxville and tlie regiment was in rendezvous at Oskalousa, Mahaska county, whence it was sent in December, 1862, to St. Louis. Mr. Day went thence with the command to Columbus, Ky., and to Helena, Ark., and in February, 1863, went on the Yazoo River expedition wiiere tiiey performed good service and returned to Helena in April, 1863. Soon after, the command was in a tight with Price and Marmaduke and on the morn- ing on which the commaiul were engaged, 51 men of the comiiany to wliich Mr. Day be- longed went into action and but 25 came back at the close of the battle. August 11, 1863, Little Rock was taken and Mr. Day was engaged there in garrison duty until April, 1864, when he went on the Red River expedi- tion. He was in the tight at Jenkins' Ferry wdiere the colonel, Samuel A. Rice, was killed, and Lieutenant Colonel Markey was wounded, and after the battle the command returned to camp at Little Rock. Mr. Day was engaged in camp duty until the spring of 1865, with the exception of several raiding expeditions in which he took part and, afterwards, went to participate in the operations against Mobile, was in the siege of Spanish Fort and witnessed the occupation of Mobile by the Union troops. He was in camp there from April to the last oi May, when he went to Texas and the command was on duty at Brazos Santiago until relieved by Weitzel's colored troops in June, 1865. The 33rd Iowa went to New Orleans and was mustered out August 17, 1865, and Mr. Day received final discharge September 9t]i follow- ing at Rock Island, 111., having performed mili- tary duty some months past his time of enlist- ment. He rejoined his family in Marion county, Iowa, where he remained engaged as a carpenter until 1872 when he went to Menomi- nee, Mich., and in 1875 located at Stevens Point, AN'is., where he has pursued his business as a carpenter. Four of eight cliildren born to Mr. and Mrs. Day are deceased ; three died in infancy, and Mary L., the fourth, died in April, 1887, aged 19. She was a young lady who occupied a prominent place in society and died at the threshold of a promising woman- hood. The record of the surviving children is as follows : — Samantha J. was born March 9, 1862; Francis was born Nov. 10, 1865; Will- iam Henry, Aug. 16, 1871 ; Sarah Olivia, Feb. 27, 1874. >^*sf-*«^5«f-» ■<-j!»t^ >-;»t^ '_Q^ AM RYAN, Appleton, Wis., and a l^ik member of G. A. R. Post No. 133, was born March 13, 1824, at Sack- ett's Harbor, Jefferson Co., New York, and he is the son of Colonel Samuel Ryan. His father was born in Nenagh, County Tippe- rary, Ireland; in 1800 he was an impi-essed sea- man in the Ri-itish navy, soon rising to the po- sition of purser's clerk. His vessel crossed the ocean during the war of 1812 and when sta- tioned off tlie American coast be was one of a boat's crew wlio deserted and joined the Ameri- can forces. He was afterwards connected with the United States army in which he served for 20 years and in 1820 came to Fort Howard in connection with the military service. Previous to that he was stationed at various places and after coming to Wisconsin he remained at Fort Howard until 1832 when he left the army but was in tiie employ of the War Department and Indian Bureau for many years and was associ- ated with Governors Cass and Dodge at tiie con- summation of various Indian treaties. About 1843 he became eonnected with the U. S. Land (Office and in 1852 went to Menasha where he served as receiver. He was commissioned as colonel by Governor Dodge. He died at Me- nasha in 1876 when nearly 87 years old. Martha (Johnston) Ryan, mother of Judge Ry- an of this sketch was born in the North of Ire- land and was a descendant of the Scotch fami- ly of F'ife; she was regarded as a typical pioneer woman of great energy of character 386 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF and noted for her kindness and benevolence ; she was justly proud of lier family, home and friends and died in 1S8;J aged So years, her life having begun with tlie 19th century. Judge Ryan obtained a smattering of com- mon school education at tiie Post schools, and in a mission school among the Stockbridge In- dians, and was afterwards a pupil in the first jiublic school at Green Bay, after the organiza- tion of the Territory of Wisconsin. In 1841 he entered the office of the Green Bay Refpuhlican, published by Henry O. Sholes, and acquired a comprehensive knowledge of the printer's trade from roller boy to editor. In February, 1842, the editor of the Republican, Charles G. P. Arndt, was shot in the Council Chamber by James B. Vineyard while serving as a member of the Territorial Council. His successor, Henrj' S. Baird, officiated as editor about 20 months, wlien the labor devolved upon the "printer boy" although he was not publicly known as such until November, 1844, about four months be- fore he attained his Majority. He continued his connection with the Republican at Green Bay until January, 1848, when he removed the ('stal)lishment to Fond du Lac, where he con- tinued its issue as the Fond du Lac Rqniblimn. Later he changed the title to 2'/ie Fountain City on the discoveiy of a flowing well. In 1849 he was appointed Postmaster of Fond du •Lac. In spite of his efforts his newspaper en- terprise was a failure, owing to the undeveloped condition of Fond du Lac and the surrounding country, and his business and other relations were suddenly interrupted by the death of his wife. She died Nov. 2, 1850, and her loss un- settled his business plans, and he resigned his postmastership and returned to Green Bay in December of the same year. In the summer of 1851, he established the Green Bay Spectator, which flourished for a year, when a blight- seemed to fall upon the ancient town, and in December, 1852, the ])aper was discontinued. Appleton was at that time the center of interest of capitalists and men of progressive thought, and he yielded to the persuasions of Perry H. Smith, Anson Ballard, Theodore Conkey, Wil- liam Rork, 0. W. Clark, S. E. Beach and H. L. Blood, and came to Appleton on the 31st day of December, 1852, to establish a newspaper at the county seat of Outagamie county. Febru- ary 27, 1853, the first number of the Appleton Orescent appeared. For five years the growth and prosperity of the paper was slow but cer- tain, and in 1858 it had come to the front as a permanency, and has since been regarded as one of the ablest and most independent Demo- cratic sheets in the State. It was largelj- in- .strumental in defeating its party in 1855, when the Democratic State management had become corrupt, and it was equallj' successful in hold- ing the Democracy to the support of Stephen A. Douglas in 1860, when its proprietors had become thoroughly indignant because of the secession which led to the nomination of Breck- enridge, and culminated in the rebellion. In the first public meeting held at Appleton on the receipt of tiie intelligence of the attack on the forts in Charleston Harbor, tlie editor took decided ground in favor of a united effort to preserve the Union l>y general volunteering, and very soon after enlisted a company of which he was made Captain, and which went into camp at Fond du Lac with 69 men, and was a.ssigned to the 14th Wisconsin Infantry. The Ad- jutant General ordered his company disbanded without giving him an opportunity to make up its complement, and thus his labor of two months with the attendant expenditure of time and money became an offering to the cause of the Union without returning a dollar to him. Nearly all the men he had enlisted joined other companies. He spent some weeks at Madison, vainlj' attempting to obtain justice, and about tiie 1st of January, 1862, lie enlisted in the 3rd AVisconsin Cavalry, but by some oversight, was not formally mustered until Feb. 18, 1862, when he was commissioned Bat- talion Quartermaster Sergeant, and immedi- ately detailed for service at the head of the regimental Commi,ssary Department; he was not assigned to duty as a commissioned officer but in the capacity of Sergeant nominally, witli all the labors and responsibilities required in the care of 12 companies — over 1,200 men — and the necessity of immediately knowing in full the regulations necessarj' in tlie case. Very few of the officers knew anything about draw- ing a requisition and much less as to wlietlier their men were properly provided for. It is said of Mr. Ryan, that no duty was neglected, no error escaped correction and no wrong failed to be righted where he possesed any power. As his efficiency became manifest other duties were heaped upon him. Tlie regiment was di- vided and scattered through Kansas, Soutli- western Missouri, Indian Territory and Western Arkansas. He was clerk of the first regimen- PERSONAL RECORDS. 387 tal court martial, and one amusing incident is related in which he reconciled the prisoner, a sergeant, with his accuser, a lieutenant, and tlie adjournment of the court to celebrate the restoration of amity. In July, 1802, Con- gress passed an Act to reorganize the cav- alry service and make tlie organizations wholly regimental. Wiiat was to be done with the non-commissioned st;itf of tlie battalion no one was wise enough to decide. Sergeant Ryan performed his duties until December of the same year when he was ordered to Fort Leavenworth to await orders. Some time previous he had been severely injured while receiving army stores which was folio we'd by chills and fever of serious type; his medical attendant, Captain Nathan Stout, of Company H, who was a phy- sician and editor from Stevens Point, and who subsequently died in the service, treated him with a skill to wliich Mr. Ryan believes he owes his life. Li February, 1803, he received his discliarge dated Dec. 29, 18(i2, and lie re- ceived the pay of a private soldier from the date of the Act of Congress in .July preceding. He returned to Wisconsin in broken health and did not engage in active business untU May, ]8(;4, when he resumed his former position as editor of the Creacent which he still occupies. Mr. Ryan has been prominent in local official capacities. In 18i7 ai Green Bay, he was Democratic can- didate for Register of Deeds but was defeated by four votes only, running largely ahead of his ticket. In 1855 he was appointed Clerk of the Circuit Court of Outagamie county to fill a vacancy. He was successively elected in 1856 and 1858, but was ousted just before his term expired, the Supreme Court holding that a county attached to another for judicial purposes could not have a vote. lie was elected to the Assembly in tlie autumn of 1864, and during the session of 1865 he occupied the Chair in Committee of the Whole more frequently than all the other members combined, although his party was not represented by one third of the membership of tlie Assembly. In April, 1865, while still absent he was elected Couty -Judge, was re-elected in 1869 and defeated for third term in 1873. In November of the same year he was elected Justice of the Peace in the 2nd District of Appleton and has been re-elected to the same incumbency at each expiring term. In 1868 and 1.S76 he was a candidate for pres- idential elector and in 1879 for Secretary of State on the Democratic ticket, being defeated from obvious causes. In 1853 he served on the first Board of Trustees of A])pleton on its municijial organization. In 187-> he was chosen Clerk of school district No. 2 in Appleton, to which position he has been successively re- elected and in appreciation of his efforts to pro- mote popular education his fellow citizens by a direct vote named the high school building "Ryan High School." He has been a trustee of the Appleton Cemetery Association for more than 30 years and is the oldest surviving mem- ber of that Body. In 1874 he was appointed Aid to Governor William R. Taylor with the rank of Colonel, a complimentary appointment. .Judge liyan was prominently active in inducing the State authorities to transfer the Fox River improvement to a corj)oration, and aided largely in furthering the Milwaukee Lake Shore and Western railway and in securing its construc- tion to Appleton. He has been prominently identified with public affairs in Wisconsin since its organization as a State, he is a man of posi- tive character, always holding intelligent opin- ions of his own and expressing his views with characteristic vfrankness ; he has made multi- tudes of warm friends and equally so has decided enemies. He lias been tor many years a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows with which he became connected in September, 1847, and immediately became active in the fraternity. With a single excep- tion, he is longest in membership in the Amer- ican Lodge of Odd Fellows at Appleton ; he has served two terms as Grand Master of the State and three terms as representative in the Sover- eign Grand Lodge of the World. Judge Ryan was first married June 1, 1847, at Green Bay, to Laura Elvira Knappen of Plattsburg, New York, a lady of culture and estimable character. In 1858 he married Cal- ista M., daughter of W. B. Crane, an early set- tler of Grand Chute ; she died of consumption in the autumn of 1869. Judge Ryan was again married Sept. 26, 1870 to Martha S., daughter of John J. Driggs, an early settler of Green Bay and who was his schoohnate theie. Mrs. Ryan is a niece of Rev. Albert Barnes distin- guished as a divine in the new school of Pres- byterianism. Sam Ryan is a prominent member of the Grand Army Post at Appleton and is warmly interested in everything that tends to promote the welfare of the veterans in town and coun- 388 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF try. His portrait is presented on page 384 in connection with this account of his jicrsonal career. AMES MONROE, of Appleton, Wis., meml)er of G. A. R. Post, No. 133, was horn at Vernon, Tolland Co., Conn., March 28, 1825. His parents, Hosea and Helen (Pease) Bronson were natives of this country and were respectively of English and Scotcii lineage. Mr. Monroe was educated in Pennsylvania, whither the family removed in his youth and learned the business of a carriage builder, in which he was operating wren the war interrupted his plans and roused liis ambi- tion to become a soldier. His thoughts were busy wliile he worked and, di-opping his hatchet in a block which he was preparing for use, he went to Jackson, Susquehanna county, in the Keystone State in 1861, and enlisted in Company K, 6th Pennsylvania Reserve Corps, one of the fir.st commands to organize for tiie defense of the Union. The regiment rendez- voused at llarrisburg whither he proceeded to remain about a week. He became a member of the Army of the Potomac directly after Bull Run, and the 6th was the first corps to reach Washington after that conflict. He was in camp at Tonallytown until tlie regiment crossed the Potomac preparatory^ to the campaign of the Peninsula, and was in his first action Dec. 20, 1861, at Drainesville, and participated in tiie seven days figlit before Richmond. After being in the actions of the entire struggle there he was taken sick and was sent to Portsniouth Grove, Rhode Island, traveling there on a transport, to remain until he received final and honorable discharge in the early winter of 1863. He returned to Jackson, Penn., where he again became interested in the manufacture of wagons and carriages, and came West in 1864, locating at Beaver Dam, Wis. He con- ducted his business there three years and, at the end of that time, went to Portage City, where he remained two years, return- ing then to Beaver Dam. In 1874 he became a resident of Appleton and established the manufacture of carriages in wliich he has since prosecuted his interests Mr. Monroe has been associated with the municipal management of Appleton, and has served as Alderman two years. He was first married Sep. 10, 1840, to Harriet S. Hultslander and they have had four children named James F., Asa, Estella (died when five years old) and Gelia May. Mr. Mon- roe was a second time married to Louisa Payne who died without issue. Marietta Ray,' the third wife of Mr. Monroe, died without cliildren and he was again married to Elizabeth Brewer. Mr. Monroe is one of a family of 10 children — five sons and five daughters — and only a brother and two sisters are living. Zelotes, Tliankful and Araminta are their names. Mr. Monroe enlisted under the name of his parents, Bronson, by which he was then known. His name has become Monroe by Act of the Circuit Court, matters pertaining to bus- iness and property having made such a course desirable and necessary. His portrait appears on page 384. -i»t»-^»t^j^^<5,^-^;^^ /^^ EORGE G. GREEN, of Green Bay, i 'i |\ ^\'is., and a former member of the >^^^4 Union army in the civil war, was born Nov. 18, 1843, at Brockett's Bridge, Herkimer county. New York. His pa- rents, Nathan S. and Elizabetli M. (Griswold) Green, were born respectively in .\'ermont and Herkimer Co., New York, and both belonged to families of early date in those States. Tlie son was three years old when he came West and located at Milford, Jefferson Co., Wis., where he passed his youth. He attended Madison uni- versity two years and was then sent to a mili- tary school in Fulton, 111., to wliich he returned after his military service. He enlisted in 1864, in Company I, 140th Illinois Infantry at Ful- ton, III., for 100 days. On the formation of the company he was made Corporal and was dis- charged at Chicago at the expiration of his term. This company was enlisted from the academy. The drill master at the military school was Michael B. Smith, a United States officer, who went with the 140tli Illinois as Lieutenant Col- onel. He resumed his duties at the military academy at Fulton after the war. Mr. Green is a thorougli tactician and soldier. The regiment was in rendezvous at Springfield and joined the army at La Fayette, Tenn., near PERSONAL RECORDS. 389 the city of Memphis, and engaged in guard duty on the Memphis & Ciiarleston raih'oad. They were in service seven months before discharge and release from military obligations. Mr. Green was graduated in 18H0 with the rank of Major receiving iiis commission from Governor Dick Yates. He went thejice to Madison where he engaged in the study of law with Keyes & Hastings of that city and a year later went to the law school connected with the Columbia College in the city of New York where he studied two years. He Avas graduated and re- turned to Wisconsin and was admitted to prac- tice in the Circuit Court of Brown county in 1869 and to the Supreme Court j)ractice of the State in 1870. He was admitted to the Su- preme Court of the United States in 1884. In the fall of 1868 he located at Green Bay and became associated with Messrs. Ellis and Hastings in the following year. The for- mer was elected Circuit -Judge in 1872, and the firm became Hastings & Green, and was socon- sttuted until 1884, when Mr. Hastings was elected to the Bench and Mr. Green resumed his connection with .Judge Ellis, and the firm style became Ellis, Green & Merrill, which is now one of the most prominent and influen- tial of the law fraternity in Northwestern Wis- consin. Since 1885 Mr. Green has been a member of the State Board of Examiners ajj- pointed by the Supreme Court to examine law students for admission to the bar. Tlie other members of tlie board are Moses M. Strong, .Joshua Stark, M. H. Hurley and L. J. Rusk. Mr. Green was married June 10, 1875, to Na- talie P. Clapp, and they have had one son. Dex- ter I., who died before he was four years old. Mrs. Green was born in Kenosha, Wis., and lier father was descended from a family of early date in Duchess county, New York. Her mother was from Connecticut stock, and con- nected with P. T. Barnum, her niotiier being of the McCoy family and of the family of the great showman. William A. Green, the brother of Mr. Green, was Colonel of the 29th Wisconsin Volunteers and fought through the war. He went out with the regiment as Major and was promoted in June, 1865. Walter S. Green of Fort At- kinson, Wis., is another brother and has been prominent in the Senate of Wisconsin. George G. Green is a man of prominence in the best sense. Tlioroughly cultivated, well- bred and imbued with a high sense of his ob- ligations as a man and citizen of a great Re- public, his entire course in life is such as to rei- flect the geatest credit on his judgment, sa- gacity and qualities of mind and heart. His portrait appears on page 384. *^»S>«-J»S^^^-^>t^^^'>&^5 The senior Glines settled in Ashford, Fond du Lac County, in 1855, and tliere the subject of this account remained four years. In 1859, he went to Appleton, where he acquired a know- ledge of the manufacture of carriages. After the termination of the war, he returned there and resumed his former occupation. He oper- ated there for five years and in 1870 went to Fond du Lac, where he remained four years. In 1874 he went thence to Omro and was there a resident until 1880, when he established his business at Oshkosli. He was married Aug. 31, 1872, to Angenette Daggett. Her parents were Clark and Nancy (Smith) Daggett, both of whom were natives of Vermont and members of families representing the stock which settled the country in its earliest period. Clarence W., brother of Mr. Glines, was a soldier in the same company and regiment and :f^^ iC**?-**^**?— A. MILLS, of Antigo, Wis., Sept. 14, 1845, in Clayton, Co., New York. Alonzo ind Eunice (Vaughn) MilLs, his par- ents, were born respectively in Jefferson and Oneida counties in the Empire State. Both grandsires were soldiers in 1812, and both fought at Sackett's Harbor. In 1854 his father removed to Woodland, Dodge Co., Wis., and the son was brought up on a farm, and continued in that occupation until the year in wliich he enlisted. In 1858 the family removed to Dale, in Outagamie county, and Dec. 6, 1863, he en- listed in D Battery, 1st Wisconsin Heavy Artill- ery, at Neenah, for three years. Aug. 31, 1865, he received discharge at Milwaukee, the war being at an end. Feb, 1, 1864, the battery went from Milwau- PERSONAL RECORDS. 395 kee to New Orleans arriving soven days later and, after ten daj's, proceeded to Fort Jackson, Miss. The middle of .Jnly they went back' to New Orleans, and thence moved to Fort Berwick, which they evacuated soon after, going to Bayou City opposite, where they built and garrisoned a fort. Later, Mv. Mills, with 39 comrades went about a mile up the bayou, and occupied Fort Buchanan, their armament con.sisting of four guns — 24 and 32 pounders. In .June, 1865, the rising water compelled them to return to their battery, (still retaining charge of lAirt Buchanan, setting pickets, etc.) Soon after, Mr. Mills, with 14 comrades was detailed for special duty at the headquarters of General Canby at Thibo- deaux, whore he was made postmaster, and his comrades performed duty as despatch bearer.?, etc. Not long after, they returned again to Fort Buchanan and went to New Orleans where they took transports for Alexandria, seven days being consumed in the trip. There they were mus- tered out with the several other batteries of the command. Mr. Mills returned to Dale where he passed several years in farming, and in 1870 went to Nebraska and farmed, and conducted a meat market and general trading. In 1881 he re- turned to Dale and came thence to Antigo in March, 1882. He has literally "grown up witli the j>lace." He passed two years in various employments, and for three years has been on the city police force. While in Nebraska he officiated as Constable of Dodge county, and was city. Marshal of Hooper in the same State. He was married Jan. 30, 1873, to Harriet L. Rust, who is a lineal descendant of the first Christian martyr, John Rogers, burned at the stake in 1555, in England, in the reign of Queen Anne. She is the daughter of Henry -and Emily (Rogers) Rust, and is one of eight chil- dren — Harriet L., Ida E., Theresa M., Laura M., Hiram W., Crevola IL, Julia I. and Frances S. Her father is living, and was born in England. Her mother was born in Connecticut, and died June 25, 1872. Following is the Rogers' gen- ealogy : — Noah, son of John, was born at Exeter, England; John, at Dedham; Josiah, (3rd) at Huntington, Long Island, N. Y. ; Josiah, (2nd) at Branford, Conn. ; Josiah, (l.st) at Branford ; Thomas, at Branford; Eliphalet, at Branford; Hiram, at Branford, Oct. 23, 1795. The latter was the brother of tlie mother of Mrs. Mills. He left Branford March 1, 1815, and went to Geauga Co., Ohio, walking the entire distance excejiting nine miles between Buffalo and Erie. In November he returned to his native State to remove later to Delaware Co., New York, where he was married in 1827, and went to Lorain Co., Ohio, in the spring of 1832, where he passed the remainder of his life. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Mills were born as follows: — Edwin Arthur, Nebraska, May 15, 1876 ; Alice May, Sept. 9, 1877; Bert Frank, Nebraska, Aug. 19, 1880; Albert James, Antigo, Nov. 10, 1882; (died July 22, 1884) Emilv Laura, Antigo, Nov. 5, 1885; Ida Esther, Aug. 13, 1887. Henry Rust, father of Mrs. Mills, was in the Mexican war under Commodores Sloat and Stockton in the U. S. Brigade, Savannah. He enlisted in the civil war under the first call of the Presi- dent, in the 14th Ohio Infantry, Col. J. B. Steadman, afterwards General. He re-enlisted for three years in the 68th Ohio, Col. Harry Steadman. He went to California with Fre- mont in the days when the latter earned the name of "Pathfinder." ^.^^<=*^-«*5^-' P^ ERNHARD RHODE, Manitowoc, Wis., ^^=^ member of G. A. R. Post No. 18, was born November 20, 1841, in Germany. His parents came with their family to America in 1854, and passed a year respectively in Chicago and Milwaukee. In 1855 they went to Two Rivers, Wis., where the son remained until 1S63, and when he was of age he went to Menominee, Wis., and entered the employ of a lumber firm in which he re- mained until he enlisted. He enrolled August 31, 1864, in Company D, 16tli Wisconsin In- fantry at Menominee for one year. He enlisted as a recruit and joined the regiment at Atlanta. His first .service was in the pursuit of Hood whom he helped to drive through Georgia in- to central Alabama. He was in the movement to destro\' the railroad from Tunnel Hill to Alabama and was afterwards in the destruc- tion of Atlanta and went thence on the Savan- nah campaign, marching through Geoi'gia and the Carolinas. He was in the actions at Macon, Savannah, Beaufort, Columbia, Orange- bui'g, and Averysboro and wont North after the surrender, to Washington where he was dis- charged after the Review and returned home. 396 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF November 16, 1864, lie was made Sergeant. He had received a promise to be made 1st Lieutenant, when he enlisted, but it was never fulfilled and he served in the ranks until t1ie end of the war. At Orangeburg the men of his command forded a creek in the dead of M'inter and formed in line of battle while thej' were wet and freezing and manj^ of the regi- ment became so chilled as to be disabled. Mr. Rhode returned to Two Rivers after the war and resumed his former employment. He was married at Menominee before he enlisted, Aug. 20, 1864, to Mary Wasserer. They have seven children. Lizzie, the oldest, is the wife of Eniil Teitgen, a hardware merchant of Man- itowoc. LiUie is a clerk in the office of the Register of Deeds of Manitowoc county. Schil- ler, Vanda, Selma, Jessie and Norris are the names of the other children. In 1883, Mr. Rhode removed his family and interests to Manitowoc and has since been engaged in the vocation of a hotel keeper. >^%J-<>^*i£^ ■•-^»^->-^i^ ILLIAM BARR, of Merrill, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post Lincoln, No. 1;>1, was born in Morgan Co., Ohio, Jan. '2o, 1833. He continued a resident of his native State until 1854. He went in that year from Morgan county, where he had been reared to the pro- fession of a farmer, to Iowa, to test the splendid capacity of that State in the same calling. The advent of Civil War interfered with his plans, and, foreseeing that all the efforts he might make would be worse than useless without the privileges of a united country, he decided to en- ter the military service of the United States. The events of 1862 convinced all observers that the hope of the rebellion being soon at an end was an idle one and, August 13tli Mr. Barr en- listed in H Company, 25tli Iowa Volunteer In- fantry, at Mt. Pleasant, for three years. He was mustered into service in the capacity of Com- pany wagoner and fulfilled nearly the entire period of his term, receiving discharge in June, 1865, at Davenport, Iowa. Among the battles in which he was a participant were those of Ar- kansas Post, Jackson, Tenn,, and Jackson, Miss., before the battle at Lookout Mountain, after which he was in all the serious work at Kene- saw Mountain, Buzzard's Roost, Resaca and others to the siege of Atlanta, in the course of which he was ill, and, after passing some time in the field hospital there, he was sent back to Davenport. Previous to going to the front he was sick in the hospital at Keokuk, Iowa. His difficulties were hemorrhoids and pleurisy. After the termination of the war he went to Vernon Co., Wis., where he was interested in farming until 1883, in which year he became a resident of Merrill. He is a landholder and proprietary resident of the same about three miles from tlie city. The marriage of Mr. Barr and Sarah A. Davis took place July 17, 1853, and their children are nine in number. The}' are John W., Lucinda J., William A., Asby Ellworth, (born just after the assassination of Colonel Ellsworth) Animon D., Mary N., Eliza A., Margaret E., Louis L. An infant died at birth and Edmund when a when a few weeks old. Dec. 19, 1886, the mother died at Merrill and is buried in the cemetery there. James Barr, the father of Mr. Barr, was born in Pennsylvania where his ancestors were early settlers. He married Margaret Hiler, whose father was a soldier of 1812. A brother of Mr. Barr's, Louis Barr, was a soldier in the 62nd Ohio \'olunteer Infantry. He was a veteran, was in the service four years and was shot in front of Richmond. Two of the brothers-in- law were lost in the war — one a member of a Kentucky regiment and the other of an Ohio regiment. John Sheets, who married the sister of Mr. Barr, lies buried at Nashville, Tenn. Eli Davis, the brother of Mrs. Barr, lies between Fort Donelson and Shiloh. The family of Mr. Barr was well represented in the service, several of his uncles and cousins serving as soldiers of the Union. Another brother of his wife, John E. Davis, was an enlisted man of the 25th Wis- consin. >>^^<^itf---<5i^i^^«^5«f-<<:*i^-. ■ OHN WASHINGTON DYER, of Mari- nette, Wis., memljer of G. A. R. Post Lyon, No. 206, Menominee, Mich., was born April 19, 1840, in VVysox, Bradford Co., Pa. He remained in his native state until he was sixteen years old and received a com- mon school education. His father, John W. Dyer, was l)orn and reared in Hartford, Conn, and he was drowned in Hartford and tlie son was bound to his uncle. With three com- rades, he ran away to Pennsylvania where he married Betsey E. Holley, a native of the Key- stone State of German parentage. Joini \V. Dyer, senior, died when John W., junior was 11 years old, and when tlie father was suffering from his last illness, word came of the death of his mother, aged 115 years. Mr. Dyer has four brothers and two sisters living. William, his oldest brother, was killed in Pennsylvania when he was 21 years old wh.ile blasting rock. When Mr. Dyer was 16 years old he came to Wisconsin and located at Marinette. October 8, 1861, he enlisted at East Marinette for three years in Company F, 12th Wisconsin Infantry. The regiment went into rendezvous at Madison and left the state Jan. 11, 1862, under orders for Weston, Mo. He went next to Leaven- worth, Kas., afterwards to Kansas City, thence to Fort Scott and Lawrence, next to__Manhattan and Topeka and to Fort Riley. 'There the command pi-epared to proceed to New Mexico, but received orders to go to St. Louis. They went thence to Columbus where they disem- barked and repaired railroads and scouted until their arrival at Humboldt, Tenn., whence they were detailed to duty after the battle of Corinth. The regiment was assigned to Grant's command and started for the South, but the disaster at Holly Spi-ings changed all jilans. In January, 18(Jo, the command was engaged in guarding the Memphis and (Jharleston railroad and went thence to Memphis. After being assigned to the command of Mc- Pherson the regiment went to ^'icksburg and Mr. Dyer was one of a detail who built a large raft and sent it down the river jiast Vicksburg, the rebels attacking it with their guns. Soon after they returned and remained in the rear of Vicksburg until the surrender of that city. After the surrender, the regiment went :o the Black River, remaining there about two weeks reconnoitering. The regiment went to Natchez to recruit, where Mr. Dyer veteranized and came home on his furlough and was sick with fever and ague and remained home 60 days. He went to Cairo and thence to Nashville, Tenn., and the recruits and veterans were ordered to go to Cairo, but he went in person and ni- fornied McPherson that they could not proceed without equipments and he told him to make connection with his regiment at Kingston, Ga., which was done. The action there was in pro- gress and Mr. Dyer stood in line of battle all day. They proceeded thence to Big Sliauty and participated in the action there and at Kenesaw Mountain, where tliey were in a heavy skirmish from seven m the morning until ten ot night. On the next day they took Lost Mountain and on the next night the rebels came up from Marietta to see the Yankees run. In the action of that day Bishop Leonidas Polk was killed and the books of the rebel signal service captured, by which the signal system of the rebels became known to General Sherman. The following night the rebels returned to Marietta and Mr. Dyer was next in battle at Atlanta and was in hot action all day on the 21st of July. In the midst of the fighting, McPherson's horse came into the lines with- out a rider and turned and whinnied. Mr. Dyer remarked to his comrades that some- thing was the trouble with McPher.son. raged heavily and the 12th and an Illinois regiment were obtain the body of McPherson and they captured the man who had cut from the General's clothing his shoulder straps and buttons and had taken his boots. When they reached the point where the General fell the The battle Wisconsin detailed to PERSONAL RECORDS. 399 rebels were dragging hiin off. The fact became known that tlie rebels were full of whisky mixed with gunpowder during that action. After Atlanta, the 12th went into the action at Bentoiiville, from which they drove the rebels and went to Savannaii. They besieged the city and after a few days it was evacuated. They went tlience on transports to Beaufort, N. (J., where General Foster was stationed with 4U,000 colored troops and they captured the rebel works with 32 pieces of artillery. They went thence to Charleston and from there to Golds- boro, where they made communication with the Heet and received their rations. They got one piece of hardtack each and abundant ra- tions next day. Here they obtained the news of Lee's surrender and of Lincoln's assassina- tion. When they reached Raleigh, they did so with an understanding with the rebels that hostilities on either side should entii'ely cease, and on the next morning the news of the sur- render of -Johnston was received. The 12th went to Washington, were a part of the Grand Review, and thence to Louisville, where they remained about two weeks; there .John A. Lo- gan made a speech to the command telling them that they would soon be mustered out. They were ordered aboard the cars and trav- eled two days when Colonel Bright told them they were going home. They reached Madi- son and dispersed, receiving notitication a few days later to return to Madison to receive their pay. While tliere, they were out one evening sitting peaceably in a beer garden when a ro- bust fellow came in and called them "Sherman's nigger's"; he was promptly knocked down and a large force rallied who were served in the same way. Since the war Mr. Dyer has resided in Mari- nette. He was married in 18G9 to Fannie Roberts of Fond du Lac Co., Wis. One of their six children is deceased. The others are named Alice Adelia, .Jessie Ellen, I'^mma Elizabetli, Freddie Garfield and .John Robert. Alzie died when a little more than two years old. The residence of Mr. Dyer is situated in Menekaunee, Wis. October 8, 1871, his property was burned in the great fire of that date. Mrs. Dyer is the daughter of Richard Roberts, and was born in England, crossing the ocean when six weeks old. Her brother, Richard Rob- erts was in the same company and regiment as Mr. Dyer, and he was taken prisoner July 21, 1864, in front of Atlanta, sent to Anderson- ville and was there imprisoned for two months and ten days. m/\ JCHAEL DUROCHER, of Menomi- /|X^i^i\ I'lee, Mich., member of Lyon G. /^ i >% A. R. Post No. 266, was born at Green Bay, Brown Co., Wis., Jan. 14, 1844, and is the son of Amable and Marga- ret (Auge) Durocher, the former also a native of Green Bay. The father of the latter was a na- tive Frenchman and came to America to en- gage in the" fur trade, married a Menomi- nee woman, and was killed by the Indians when his son Amable was six years old. The mother was born at Nicollet, Canada. An uncle, Michael Durocher, was, for many years a soldier in the several Indian wars and fought in 1812. Mr. Durocher was reared in the vicinity of Green Bay on a farm and worked winters, as a woodsman. He operated in this manner until he enlisted Feb. 25, 1865, in Company F, 50tli' Wisconsin Infantrj^ for one year. Sep. 1st, 1865, he was made Sergeant and was discharged as sucli June 14, 1866, at Madison. The com- mand went fi'om barracks at Madison to Benton Barracks, St. Louis, remaining there about six weeks, moving in detachments from Jefferson City up the Missouri River. The position gov- erned the number of men detailed for servcie at any point and F Company was .stationed at Waverly, Mo., where the detail remained until June 26, 1865. On that date the various de- tachments were ordered to report to Jefferson City to reunite and after this was accomplished the regiment went in Mo to Leavenworth, Kan- sas, and remained until Aug. 25th when they were ordered to Fort Rice, Dak. They em- barked at Fort Leavenworth, proceeding as far as po.ssible, debarked at Fort Rmdail and marched across the plains to Fort Rice, arriv- ing October 12th. June 3rd, 1866 they started for home. During the time they scouted among the Indians and assisted the settlers in protect- ing their lives and property. Arriving at Jef- ferson City, Mr. Durocher was taken ill and went into the regimental hospital, and was there and at Fort Leavenworth about two months. He assisted in the enlargement and rebuilding of Fort Rice, a new stockade, new 400 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF officers quarters, and made various other im- l)rovemeiits in addition to the local warfare in which they were at sundry times engaged. A brother, William, enlisted in the 12th Wisconsin Infantry. He was killed .July '21st, 1804, at At- lanta in Sherman's march to the sea. Alexan- der, another brother, was post sutler at Mem- phis, Term. A nephew, George Durocher, en- listed at Fond du Lac and was in the service five years. At Fort Rice, Mr. Durocher was de- tailed as a carpenter and guided the operations of a squad of soldiers engaged in the woods to pre- pare the necessary timbers for the rebuilding of the fort. This detail was tlie working force on the improvements of the fort. On his return to Green Bay he operated as a mail carrier three years between that place and Shawano. For 12 years after, he was occupied in steamboating and then in a sawmill. He had become an engineer and was occupied in the duties of such a position in tiie places men- tioned. In 1884 he engaged ni the sale of boots and shoes and is conducting a prosperous and popular business at Menominee. He ie a mem- ber of Company I, 3rd Michigan State troops. He entered the organization in 1885 and was made Orderly Sergeant on organization. The second year he was made 1st Lieutenant and re- turned to the Eiinks in accordance with his own choice and request. He was married Oct. 19, 18GS, to Esther .Jar- vis and the parents of the lady were Alexander and Esther (Voltren) .Jarvis, both of French de- scent and born in Canada. They went to Roch- ester, N. Y., in 1840 and later to Wisconsin, Mrs. Durocher being born at Watertown, Wis. George Jarvis was an enlisted man in the 44th Wisconsin and Edward enlisted in another liad- ger State i-egiment; they were her brothers. Mr. Durocher is present Commander of Lyon Post, No. 266, and he was a charter member of Post No. 124, at Green Bay. <.*^^««5if-.»ff5.^ IMEON POND, a citizen of Westfield, Marquette Co., Wis., was born in Addison, Steuben Co., New York, Nov. 26, 1830. He was reared a farmer and was a resident of iiis native State until he was 25 years old. In 1855 he resolved to test the promise of advancement and progress contained in the rumors of the "West," and he came to Marquette county, Wisconson. After a residence of two years at Packwaukee, he went to Si)ringfield in the same county and, 10 years later, he removed to Montello, Marquette county. After a residence there of nine years, he made a final settlement at Westfield. He was married Nov. 26, 1854, to Flora E. Hotchkiss of Packwaukee, and to them four children have been born as follows: — Frederick Eugene, April 8, 1856; Ida May, July 17, 1858; Charles E., Dec. 9, 1869; Frank L., Sep. 24, 1872. Mrs. Pond was born in Greene, Chenango Co., New York, July 5, 1837. She is tlie daughter of Wdlis and Samantha (Mallory) Hotchkiss. Frederick E. Pond, the oldest son, is a writer of well known repute, and he is the proprietor and editor of "Wildwood's" Magazine. He has attained celebrity over the u.om de plume of Will Wildwood and has been long before the public as one of the most accomplished and elegant writers of the day in "outing" litera- ture. He is one of the best judges of sporting matters of the higher order in the literary world. His magazine is unique in the field and a sporting periodical of the highest type. Although in its incipiency, it has already taken a leading position in the field of literature. Ida May, only daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Pond, is the wife of P. E. Minckler, M. D., a leading physician of Westfield. August 15, 1862, Mr. Pond enlisted in Com- pany A, 1st Wisconsin Heavy Artillery, for three years. The organization was indepen- dent of regimental connection and on being sent forward to Washington, was stationed at the Capitol. In Septemljer the battery went to Fort Cass where it remained until the spring of 1863 when a removal was made by march to Fort Ellsworth. In the fall another change was efiected by which the battery went to Fort Rodgers and occupied the fortifications there until discharged after the close of the war. The command was always in readiness for emer- gencies, and on several occasions detachments were sent to various points for service. When Mosby's guerrillas were expected, details were stationed at other fortifications in the city and vicinity and were also sent on advance picket duty. Similar experiences were in order when the Capital was threatened by Eaidy and Com- pany A was assigned to Fort Willard in the PERSONAL RECORDS. 401 vicinity of Fort Stevens. Tliey passed three days tliere and performed artillery service of excellent character on the rebel skirmishers who passed in that vicinity with their trains, operating at long range. J^ater their position was reinforced by a part of the 6th Army Corps (.Vrmy of the Potomac) and tlie rebel invasion was brought to an end by tiie expulsion of the rebels from Maryland. Company A returned afterwards to Battery Rodgers where they re- mained until the close of the war, and Mr. I'und passed the remaining time in duty inci- dent to artillery service. He became a pro- ficient in infantry, light and heavy artillery drill, and acted in all positions pertaining to garrison life, returning to Wisconsin with liis company and received honorable discharge .June 20, 1865, and was mustered out at Mil- waukee, July 13, 1865. He was broken in health and unable to op- erate as a fiirmer ; he engaged in transaction.s in lumber and produce at Montello, and later at Westfield. By phick and perseverance he has sustained his financial relation.s, and been enabled to provide for the proverbial " rain)' day." JLLIAM M. KETTELL, of Pesh- tigo, Wis., a member of G. A. R. Post No. -207, was born Feb. 21, 1342, at Stephentown, Rensselaer Co., New York. He is the son of William and Fanny (Merchant) Kettell, and they removed their family and interests to Menasha from New York, in 186). In 1869 Mr. Kettell became a resident of Peshtigo, where he has since been permenently located' He was trained in the business of a cooper, and since the war has operated as a carpenter. He enlisted May 2, 1864, at Menasha, in Com- pany D, 41st Wisconsin Infantry for lUU days. In June he was made 4th Corporal and re- ceived honorable discharge Sep. 17, 1864, at Milwaukee, his term of enlistment having ex- pired. The regiment left the State the middle of June and went to Memphis, where they re- lieved veterans for more active duty and were assigned to guard and picket duty. While there the regiment did some of the marching on the double quick caused on various occa- thaidving him for his service in tlie interest of the Union. I'eleg Kettell, uncle of Mr. Ket- sions by the slippery rebel, Forrest. Mr. Ket- tell was for some time an iiuiiate of a hospital at Memphis, his sickness being the result of the unhealthiness of the location. He received after the war a certificate from the President tlui the Union, i'eleg tell, was in the war of 1812 and was wounded on Lake Erie and died in the city of P>uffalo from the effects of the wound. Mr. Kettell married Harriet Delong and two of their children are living — Fannie and Lee. Two are deceased — Waldo and Sherman. Mrs. Kettell is the daughter of Lawrence and Elonore (McClelland) Delong. Henry and Jewett Brown, her nephews, were .soldiers in Wisconsin regi- ments. ICHAEL HLTNTZ, of Chilton, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 205, was born April 4, 1844, in Williamsville, Erie Co., New York, and he is the son of John and Margaret (Franzen) Huntz. His father died in that place in 1882, where the mother also died two years later. When he was 17 years old he came to Racine, Wis., to visit two sisters who resided there and remained until the following- year, when he determined to enlist in the Ger- man regiment which was recruited in Wiscon- sin under the arrangement between President :-al Sige 20, 1862, was made Coi\ wards promoted to Sergeant. He served through his entire period and was mustered out June 13, 1865. The regiment reported at at Washington in October, and was assigned to the nth Army Corps. In November, the command went to the vicinity of Gainesville and went thence in December to Falmouth and made connection with the army of Burnside, as he was retreating after the failui'e on his at- tack on Fredericksburg. In .buiuary, 1863, Mr. Huntz took part in the mud campaign and he was first in action at Chancellorsville. He was next in the battle of Gettysburg, after which the regiment was sent to the Army of the West with the command of Hooker, and Mr Huntz was in the repulse of the rebels at Wauhatchie, and later was in the splendid Lincoln and (jeneral Sigel. He enlisted Aug. 1862, was made Corporal and was after- 402 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF c'liarge at Mission Ridge, , afterwards jjursuiiig the rebels and going to Knoxville. He re- turned to Lookout Valley and went thence to the vicinity of Chattanooga. He was in the tight at Buzzard Roost, Resaca, Cass- ville, Pumpkin Vine Creek, Pine Knob, Lost Mountain, Kenesaw Mountain, and fought at Peach Tree Creek in which action Mf'Pherson was killed ; at that battle Mr. ITuntz was wounded in his right leg by a mus- ket ball. He was taken from the iicld hospital to Chattanooga and thence successively to Nash- ville, Louisville, and Camp Dennison, Cincin iiati, after which he went home on a furlough of 30 days. After its expiration, he went to Nashville and thonco to New York, where he was ordered to Ahjorhead City and joined his I regiment just before tlie battle of Bentonville, j in which action he was a participant. After \ the surrender of -Johnston, he marched back to Washington, where the regiment was mustered out ill .jiuie, 186'). pK'fore the war, he engaged in learning the business of an engineer and had become a suc- cessful mechanic in that line. After the war he was an engineer witli headquarters at Buf- falo, New York and in 1867, he started for California, via Panama and went from the Pacitic Coast to Arizona, where he worked nearly three years in a quartz mill. On re- turnnig eastward, he went to Racine and was in the employ ( f the J. I. Case Threshing Ma- chine Company five years. In LSTO, he located at Chilton and in 1879 engaged as engineer in tlie works of Dorschel, Schultz & Co. Mr. Hnntz has served three years as Alderman in one of the wards of Chilton. He was married June 3, 1876, to Mary Hagan, of Chilton, and their seven children were born in the following order : Anna, April 6, 1877 ; .John, Sep. 13, 1878; William, May 1, 1870; Joseph, Nov. 1, 1882; Frank, Feb. 1, 1884; Rosa, Sep. 10, 1886 ; Mary, July 14, 1888. ■>~^'t^>-S>*^$^^^'^i^s.^«^;<^ >^^ DWARD C. SMITH, residing at Grand Vf^ -} ~ Rapids, Wis., was born Feb. 22, 1843, y/^i|^ in iJloomingdale, Passaic county, New .Jersey. He is tlie .son of AVil- liam (i. and Martha Ann (Cooper) Smith. His father was boin in Pennsylvania and was des- cended from ancestors who fought in the Revo- lution. He WivS captain in the State militia of Pennsylvania and his sword is retained by one of his sons. The ancestors of the mother were also men of the Revolution. Until he was 14, Mr. Smith resided in his native place and in 1857 removed with his parents to the city of Newark. He was there employed in japamiing leather until he enlisted in the United States Navy. He enrolled May 18, 1864, and was assigned to the receiving ship North Carolina in the navy yard at Brooklyn, where he was under instructions three weeks. He was then drafted for service on the gun boat Galatea, assigned to the Western Squadron, which es- corted the California mail .steamers from the Mariguano Islands to a point near the Isthmus of Panama. This duty occupied about 48 hours, and the boat proceeded thence to the West Indies. Mr. Smith was transferred to the Powhattan, the Hag ship of the West India Squadron. After six months, the Powhattan was under charge of Commodore Schenck and went to Fortress Monroe for duty in the cost defense. Her launches went up a narrow creek to destroy powder mills belonging to the rebels. Three trips were made in midwinter and on two occasions the launches were frozen in. The boat was- in the action at Fort Fisher, where her crew and armament performed effec- tive service, and she was in the bombardment prior to the' attack of General Terrey. Mr. Smith was in the detail of marines, 90 in num- ber, who charged the sea front of tlie fort. The whole action was severe from the first, Terrey being enabled to do effective work in the rear while the charge was going on in the front and the shells flying from 33 vessels of war in the harbor. He took nine redoubts before the re- bels discovered that the Union soldiers were in possession of their rear. At night the detail returned to the boats and went back the follow- ing morning to bury the dead. They had reached their position when the magazine in the fort exploded and more than 200 men lost their lives and many were injured. Of the 90 in tlie detail from the Powhattan, 47 were killed or wounded. Mr. Smith was injured in the "Adam's Apple" of his throat, but remained in the ranks witliout treatment. Early in the engagement, the Powhattan received seven sliots, two of which perforated her armor at the water line and, during the remainder of tiie action, her donkey engines and men were at work at the pumps. After the capture of the fort, she was taken to Portsmouth navy yard for repairs, and ^h-. Smith was transferred successively to several captured rebel rams for guard duty. One of these was the Albemarle and the other the Texas, the boat on which Jeff' Davis proposed to leave the South. After five weeks duty, he was transferred to the receiving ship Constel- lation, Ca])tain De Camp, and discharged May 18, 1865. He returned to his former employ at Newark and, a year later, removed to Wisconsin, en- gaging in farming in the town of Friendship, Adams county, where he remained six years. In 1872 he came to Grand Rapids, where he was occupied a few years on the river and in 1877 engaged in the meat trade and has since 404 SOLDIERS ALBUM OP conducted a popular business at Centralia. He was married Feb. 6, 1871, to Ellen A. Stowell, and their three children are named Ella May, Herbert Edward and William Stowell. Mrs. Smith was born in New York, where her par- ents, Lutlier B. and Den.sey A. (Strong) Stowell were early settlers. Her uncle, William Stowell, was an enlisted man in a New York regiment. Gilbert Howard, Gilbert Smith and Dominick Smith, the first two cousins and the last an uncle of Mrs. Smith', were soldiers in the war of the rebellion. *-^W;^ -J»!^ j^^<5,^-^^«^* AMES A. DURFEE, of Stevens Point, Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 156, was born in Steuben, Crawford Co., Pa., Jan. 4, 1841. His paternal grandfather was born in Rhode Island, of Irish ex- traction and was a soldier of the Revolu- tion. He married a lady named Stearns of Scotch descent. Ottis L. Durfee was a farmer and a clergj'man of the Baptist Church ; he married Louisa Stearns and died in 1867, in Crawford Co., Pennsylvania. The mother was born in Connecticut and went afterwards to Catteraugus county. New York, where she was married and in the fall of 1864, she died on the homestead at Steuben aged ()4 years. Mr. Durfee was the youngest child of his parents, with whom he remained until he was 24 years old and took care of them in their old age, after- wards engaging in the business of a cooper. He enlisted Oct. 16, 1862, in Company C, 176th Pennsylvania Infantry, and was mus- tered into United States service at Pittsburg, Pa. Tlie regiment was assigned to the Army of Virginia, and Mr. Durfee went to Yorktown. The command was assigned to garrison duty at Gloucester Point, where the command remained until July 1863, when it was ordered to the front, making connection with the army in the field under Meade, after the battle of Gettys- burg. Mr. Durfee was sick at the time and was able to accompany his regiment only to Frederick, Md., where lie remained until the regiment returned when he went to Harris- burg, Pa., and was honorably discharged July 26, 1868. He returned to his father's house and, when sufficiently recovered, resumed his business as a cooper which he pursued in his native town until 1868, the date of his removal to Wisconsin. On coming to tlie Badger State he located at Stevens Point and established liis present business in lumljcring and milling. He is the proprietor of a farm in the township of Grant, Portage county, on which it is his purpose to reside. He was married April .'JO, 1865, to Fannie Withey. She was born in Alleghany Co., New 'York, and died June 15, 1S8U. Four of her children were her survivors. — George C, Clarence A., Mary A. and Minnie A. Clara L., oldest child, died March 1, 1888, when 22 years old. Clifford died when two years old. Mr. Durfee was a second time married Oct. 2, 1881, to Anna J., daughter of W. G. and Eunice Brown. OHN WILKES BEDELL, of Appleton, Wis., was born April 14, 1828, in Platts- burg, Clinton, Co., New York. Pie is the son of Henry and Elizabeth (Rodee) Bedell. The former was a native of New York and a soldier of 1812 and fought in the battle of Plattsburg. William Bedell, father of the latter, was a soldier in the Revolution and lived to the age of 91. Mr. Bedell was brought up to follow the calling of his forbears which was that of farming and when he was 16 com- menced an apprenticeship at Saranac in Clin- ton county at blacksmithing. He operated as such until he was 41, when he went to Glen's Falls and worked there at his trade one year. At the end of that time he went to Vermont and passed the following winter on Grand Isle. He went thence to ,Bakerstield in that State where he operated two and a half years. He then came West to Sandusky, Ohio, and passed a winter working at his trade, coming in the spring to Union, Wisconsin, (1851.) He re- moved from there to Fulton and later to the "pineries" at Plover, Portage Co., where he operated 17 years and where he enlisted Jan. 8, 1862, in Company E, 18th Wisconsin Infantry as Fife Major or chief musician. He received honorable discharge March 17, 1863, at Lake Providence, La., in accordance with the provi- sions of General Order No. 162, issued from the War Department just prior to his release, on account of being in exce.ss of the require- ments of the order. Colonel James S. Alban PERSONAL RECORDS. 405 conducted the regiment to St. Louis, where the command arrived on the last day of March and proceeded at once to the "gathering of tlie troops" in readiness for the tight at Pittsburg Landing in less than a week, into which they went, without having had food or sleep for 24 hours and they had neither until after the bat- tle closed, two days after. The regiment was on the extreme left, exposed to the situation by the withdrawal of a Michigan regiment which was out of ammunition. Colonel Alban was shot to death on the field and most of the regi- ment was captured with Prentiss' command. Organized as a battalion, the fragments of the 18th continued in the service, fighting at Corinth and in the series of skirmishes in pui- suit of Price. They went to Memphis and thence to Vicksburg to participate in the plans of Grant in obtaining possession of that point on the river. Mr. Bedell was in all the severe duty which engaged the regiment until his dis- charge, with the exception of a month which he spent in hospital, seriously ill with Hux. He ■was seized with illness while on duty in the ranks, falling insensible to the ground and was sent to the 6th Division hospital. He worked on the levee, on the canal, and engaged in fa- tigue duty during the three months before his connection with military life ceased. On the morning of the battle of Corinth his foot was in- jured by being run over by a baggage-wagon, but he ibuglitin the battle of that day, holding the surgeon's permit to march at will and with that and an occasional lift in an ambulance he managed to keep with his regiment. After the war he removed to Appleton which has since been his abode. He has pursued his business as a blacksmith at that place. He was married March 6, 1863, to Sarah P. Cramer, and they have two children — Effie E. A. and Har- ley Willis. In the paternal line of descent Mr. Bedell is of English lineage and in the maternal is descended from the race that located on the Holland Patent in the State of New York. Mr. Bedell has been Alderman of the 6th Ward at Appleton two terms (1885-6). "OHN MCCABE, a prominent attorney of Winneconne, Wis., a soldier of the civil was, war born November 21, 1823, in County Cavan, Ireland, and is son of John and Catherine McCabe. He has an uncle in the British service, and is a member of the McCabe family, to which General Siieri- dan belongs. He is second cousin of " Little Phil." He came to America in 1840. His par- ents had spent three years in this country previ- ously, coming here in 1812 and returning to Ireland in 1815. He landed in New York in May, when the son was 17 years of age. The latter was a school boy in Ireland, and after coming to New York spent the summer on a farm and the winter in school in Albany. In 1843 he learned the trade of stone cutter in Ulster county. New York, and was occupied in that line of tiiat of business seven years. He came to Wisconsin in 1848, arriving at Mil- waukee in September. October 9th, he landed in Oshkosh; and later he removed to a farm six miles from Oshkosh, in company with his broth- ers, Cornelius and Francis. He took a farm in Vinland, where he remained until 1863, when he decided to enter the military service of the United States. When the "Old 5th" was mustered out and re-commissioned with its former colonel, Mr. McCabe threw himself actively into the work of recruiting and enlisting and was one of the organizers of Company E, going to the front as its 1st Lieutenant. He enrolled in August and was commissioned Sept. 12. The regiment passed about two weeks at Camp Ran- dall, Madison, and in October made connec- tion with the " Independent Battalion " in Win- chester, in the Shenadoah Valley. The battal- ion was composed of three companies, and with the seven of the new organization made up the complement of a regiment. Lieutenant McCabe was first in battle at Ce- dar Creek, and returned afterwards to Wash- ington and went thence to join Grant and re- mained at City Point until April 1st, 1865, when they went to Yellow House on the South Side R. R. They were in the action at Hatcher's Run, and the 1st day of April marched to the left in front of Fort Fisher, and on the next day made a charge at Petersburg, and at 4 o'clock in the afternoon, the regimental colors floated over the captured works of Petersburg. This regiment was the first to take possession of that city. The company lost three killed and 13 wounded. Lieutenant McCabe was in command of Company E, at Fort Fisher, two of his company were killed and seven wounded, three of them losing their arras. April 6th, they were in the action at Sailor's Creek, and followed Lee until his sur- 4U6 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF render. McCabe was u witness of the col- lapse of the rebellion at Appomattox and with his coininiind marclied baclc to Burke's Station on thu South Side railroads. April 'iTth tliey reached Danville en route to aid Sherman in completing his work in North Carolina, but, on arrival at tliat place tliey received intelli- gence of tlie surrender of .lolmston and re- turned to Wilson's Station. They were or- dered to Washington and wei'e mustered out at Hall's Hill in .June. On iiis return to Vin- land he bought a large farm in the town of Winneconne. He found himself unable to work from the results of the hardships to which he had been exposed durnig his life as a sol- dier. Soon after the battle of Hatcher's Run his command camped on the ground and he la}' down wrapped in a single blanket. A soft snow fell during the night and in the morning he was frozen to the ground and his men dug him out; he was so chilled that sensation in his limbs was suspended and caused rheumatism which prevented active labor after his return. When he found he could not work on the farm he leased the property and moved to Winne- conne. He first engaged in the management or a meat market which he conducted six years, meanwhile studying law. In 1871 he began practice in Justice Courts and, in 1880, after due examination in open court, was admitted by Judge Burnell to jiractice in all courts within his jurisdiction and, intliecouise of the same year was admitted to ])ractice in the Department of the Interior to prosecute pension claims. Since the beginning of his active con- nection with the business of a lawyer, he has occupied a prominent position in the fraternity. He has been a Republican since the organ- ization of the pj.rty in 185G, has been a delegate to the State Convention several times, and has been prominent in the municipal management of Winneconne. He was Supervisor of Oshkosh two years and Assessor four years. He was Assessor of Vinland two years and when he went into the army was Chairman of the Board of Supervisors. He resigned to enter the army and when he left his farm to enlist, he left a load of wheat on the wagon and a wife and six small children. He would have received election to the State Legislature that fall but preferred to throw his strength and inliuence in the bal- ance of his country. Previous to his own en- listment he had spared neither time, money nor influence to further enlisting. He has held a school office for 33 years, has been Chair- man of the Town Board of Winneconne three years and in 1888 received a majority of more than 200 votes from a possible 375. In March, 1888, his friends in Winneconne jjresented him an elegant gold watch with the inscription "Presented to Captain John MeCabe of the town of Winneconne, March 21, 1888, in appre- ciation of his meritorious services to his town." The character of Captain McCabe requires no further eulogy than the statement of his labors and the estimate in which they are held by his generation. He was Commander of the G. A. R. Post at Wimieconne in 1867. The strictures governing the Order caused the extniction of the Post in 1873 and Mr. McCabe now belongs to Scott Post at Oshkosh. Pie was married in New York May 16, 1845, to Ellen Coughlan. They have eight children. Katie married P^dward Lee, of Minnesota ; James married Anna Lyons and lives in Ore- gon ; Cornelius is employed on a railroad in Minnesota ; Eva is the widow of John Manning who died in March, 1888, and with her daughter lives with her father; Ma- mie married Frank Ilildebrand, of Rhine- lander, Wis. ; Nellie graduated at the Normal school at Oshkosh and is a teacher. A promis- ing son named Wendell Phillips, died in No- vember, 1884, aged 14. Mrs. McCaTaewas born in County Kings, Ireland, andcame to America with her sister. Her father, Michael Couglilin, died in Ireland in 1860. Her mother came to America in 1861 and resided with Mrs. McCabe until her death in 1866. -^>S>-i>S>i^^ tg^ ALCOLM SELLERS, Fort Howard, ^^i&rX Wis., and a prominent business ''>J^^^ man of Northeastern Wisconsin, was born Oct. 26, 1819, in Guys- boro, in the county of the same name in Nova Scotia. When he was 12 years old he went to Prince Edward's Island and commenced teach- ing two years later, remaining in that avoca- tion two years. When be was 16 years old he became a clerk in a store belongnig to the busi- ness connections of McKeever & Walsli, ship- builders. After he had been with them six PERSONAL RECORDS. 407 inoiitliJ< he was placed at the liead of tlic maii- ugement of the store and continued to operate in that capacity for three years. His relations there were interrupted by a summons to the sick bed of his mother and he settled his affairs and went home. She recovered and the trus- tees of scliool affairs in his native place offered him a situation which he accepted and Idled three years. At the end of that time the [;ord Bishop wrote him a letter inquiring if he would go to Country Harbor to assume charge of a school and church there. He immediately pro- ceeded tliere and received his credentials as catechist and lay reader from the Ijord Bishop and a general license as teacher and missionary under the Colonial Cliurch Society of London. He officiated in that capacity more than five years. Meanwhile, he was married to Isabel, daughter of the Hon. Charles Arciiihald. In the spring of 1847 Mr. Sellers determined to seek a wider field for the exercise of his abili- ties and came to the States, first visiting Eastern cities and came to Wisconsin and located at Beaver Dam, Dotlge county. There ho engaged in the manufacture of mill products and con- ducted a mercantile interest therewith. In the fall of 1849 he was persuaded by the Whig element in that locality to become a candidate for the Assembly of Wisconsin. He was elected over four competitors and became a member of the Legislature of the Badger State in the session of 1850. Li 1852 he went to Waukesha to assume the duties of a position with Bean, Clinton & Powers. Six months later he took ciiarge of a primary class in Carroll Col- lege and among his pupils was the individual who became known to history in the civil war as Col. Sidney A. Bean, of the 4th Wisconsin Cavalry, and who was killed in action. Walter and Irving, his brothers, were pupils of Mr. Sel- lers, and were gallant soldiers in the same con- test. James Proctor, of Milwaukee, George Bur- chard, of Fort Atkinson, distinguisiied in the annals of Wisconsin, and Hon. Cushman C. Davis, Senator from Minnesota, were also in liis class. When he closed his connection as instruc- tor with that institution he became connected with the Milwaukee it Prairie duChien railroad corporation, in the capacity of agcuit on the route from the Cream City to Waukesha, and was one of the first to engage in that capacity in the State. He was ambitious and brought on hemorrhage of the lungs by over exertion. When able to transact business he opened a store of general merchandize at Waukesha and bought wool in the interest of manufacturers, becoming the heaviest dealer in that commodity in Wisconsin. From the commencement of iiis career in Wisconsin, he has been a factor in its progress and development and acquired a wide acquaintance with the leading men of the State in business and political circles. He has ever maintained an active interest in the religious and moral advancement of societj' where he has resided and has been especi- ally prominent in church and temj)erance work. He holds commissions from the American Bible Society, the American Sun- day School Union and other evangelical organ- izations in the United States. For more than a half century he has been a declared advocate of temperance and was one of the founders of the Republican party in Wisconsin. He has been one of its most ardent and enthusiastic supporters from its inception aiding by voice, money and ballot in its march of progress. He was the intimate friend of Governor Randall and at the time of the attack on the United States property in C'harleston harbor was in Madison serving as Clerk of the Judiciary Com- mittee. He was one of the first to offer his ser- vices to the executive of Wisconsin. "Mal- colm," said the Governor, "you would not live a month in tiie service ; you are not fit for war, but stay at home and do what you can and I will give you any position you ask in the State." He was assigned to the Quartermaster's Depart- ment with headquarters at Madison and, later, was transferred to the Commissary Department where he operated until the call for more troops when he went to Waukesha and other counties thereabouts to raise soldiers. He passed a year in that business and did so at his own expense. He continued to reside in Waukesha until the autumn of 1869 when he acceded to the request of Hon. F. D. Clinton to remove to Fort How- ard to assist in the construction of the railroad from that place to the Mississippi River by way of Shawano. He went and, soon after, plans were rearranged by which Mr. Clinton's con- nection with the enterprise ceased and conse- quently, that of Mr. Sellers. He engaged in lumbermg interests and in mercantile connec- tions in which he was occu])ied until 1874, when his active connection with business j^rac- tically ceased. At present, (1888) he is engaged in pension matters, helping old soldiers as he can, and is considered one of the most effective 408 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF and successful in the country. Mr. and Mrs. Sellers have two children — Maggie L and Mal- colm A. Charles A. was a soldier in the civil war, going to the held in Company F, 1st Wis- consin Cavalry, was wounded at Pulaski, Tenn., was sent to hospital and came home wrecked and his young life undermined by chronic diarrhcea and intiaminatory rheumatism and died Feb. 20, 1876. Florence Victoria died when four years old. Martha died at twenty at the beginning of a. beautiful womanhood. Ida P. died in full (lush of life at nineteen years old. Mr. Sellers i.s the son of Donald and Marga- ret (McKenzie) Sellers. Both were of Scotch origin and belonged respectively to Highland and Lowland ancestry. His father came to the United States previously to the Revolution and entered the Colonial service as a volunteer and fought until tlie battle of Charleston, S. C, where he was wounded in the thigh by an Eng- lish bullet. He passed some time in hospital and went, after the war was ended, to Nova Scotia. He married there and located on a farm. He reared ten children and died on his estate in 1S4S, in his 99th year. He was a man of vigorous temperament and, two years before his death, walked from his farm to Guysboro and returned — a distance of twenty miles. He had no son who could perform such a feat. The ball he received in the battle of Charleston moved down to a position below his knee and was in his body when he was buried. •.-^w^*^!«;^J^^|^«s^-<5<^* ICHAEL STUTZMAN, deceased, formerly a resident of Black Creek, Wis., and a soldier for the Union, was born July 2nd, 1839, in the city of New York. He came to Wiscon- sin and entered the .service of the United States from conviction of duty. He enlisted at Green Bay, Wis., March 2, 1865, in F Company, 50th Wisconsin Infantry, for one year. He received honorable discharge at Madison, Wis., June 14, 186(3, his term of enlistment benig closed. The regiment was designed for service on the frontier and left the State by companies, for St. Louis and they were stationed at Benton Bar- racks, preparatory to their assignment to the field in the West. They made the route by marches and traversed the entire distance from St. Louis to Fort Leavenworth and thence to Fort Rice in Dakota Territory, arriving at the latter place Oct. 10, 1865. The heat and fatigue was extreme and they had the terrible results of service in more direct avenues of warfare, the soldiers succumbing in great numbers to the hardships and privations and the unusual labor. Mr. Stutzman impaired his health per- manently by drinking ice water after a fatigu- ing march, which induced inflamation of the stomach, from which he suffered untold agony all the remainder of his life, and which caused his death, Feb. 28, 1882. He was married Feb. 18, 1867, to Wilhelmina Lemke and Hve of their six children are living — Michael, William, George, Caroline and Wil- helmina. Elvira died at hve years of age. The piirents of Mr. Stutzman were natives of France and came to America in 1833. Their sons and daugliters numbered seven, and four are still living. They resided in the cit}-^ of New York 12 years. In 1845 they came to Wisconsin, locating in Germaiitown, Washing- ton county. The parents of the wife of Mich- ael Stutzman were natives of Stettin, Ponier- ania, Germany. She is now the wife of John Endlich of Black Creek, Wis. ♦-J»!^->-^>S^^ >^« ■ » and a member of G. A. R. Post No. ^^l 78, was born Nov. 13, 1845, at Knoxville, Tioga Co., Pa. His par- ents, Levi and Betsey (Cook) Costley, were na- tives of the Keystone State as were their for- bears for years before them. His maternal the Revolution Perry in 1812. grandfather was a .soldier of and fought with Commodore He was three months past 99 years old, when his death occurred. Mr. Costley was a boy of IfJ years, when the furious challenge from South Carolina sum- moned the North to the defense of the flag and he determined to enli.st as soon as he could do so. Accordingly, he went to Northumberland in his native State to enroll in A Company, 33rd Pennsylvania Infantry. The State of Pennsylvania was at that time threatened Avith invasion from Lee"s Army, and Ewell was hurrying into the Shenandoah. The sensation of the moment impelled hasty action on the part of Penn.sylvania, and regiments were en- listed and hastened to the scene of expected hostilities. The 33rd went to Chambersburg and thence into the Slienandoah valley for purposes of defense, and by the close of June the Union army had been so adjusted to the situation that the rebel commanders were alarmed about the safety of their forces and withdrew, but battle was forced at Gettysburg. When the ninety days for wliich Mr. Costley enlisted had expired, the special service was ended and May 28, 18G4, he enlisted in the 2nd Pennsylvania Cavalry. He joined the regiment as a recruit at Camp Stone, Washington, and was in his first fight at Cold Harbor. He fought at Spotsylvania and the seven days fights in the Wilderness. His regiment was in the detail that swung to the rear of Richmond, accomplisliing the terror- izing of the rebels. Returning to the swamps of the Chickahominy, the command crossed the James and made connection with Grant's army in front of Petersburg. Mr. Costley was in the trenches in front of that city, and while on "the 410 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF left" on the Jerusalem plank road, was wounded in his right ankle. He was disabled and was placed in the field hospital until he could be sent to Armory Square hospital at Washington, where he remained several niontlis, going thence to Little York hospital, I'a. He grew restive and desired to take a hand in the activ- ities of the front and, obtaining a six days puss, he started to seek his regiment. He found it stationed between "Fort Hell" and Petersburg, doing picket duty at the front. He reported to General Custer and explained his conduct. That officer appreciated his effort and wishes and telegraphed to the hospital in time to pre- vent his being reported as a deserter. Two days later, lie was in the picket line between Fort Hell and Petersburg and was shot through his right hip. He remained in tlie field hos- pital on the James River and at City Point hospital until after Lee's surrender, when he went again to Armory Square hospital, from the windows of which he witnessed the Grand Review. He proceeded from there to Little York hospital, and he received honorable dis- charge Sep. 2o, 18<)3, at Harrisburg. Jolin Costley, his oldest brother, was a .soldier in the 54th Pennsylvania and was killed in the action at Frederick City. Moses Costley was in Com- pany A with his Itrother and returned in safety- Dec. 28, 1871, Mr. Costley was married to Adele Costley, a distant cousin, their grand- fathers being second cousins. Mr. Costley has been a resident of Antigo since Sep. 11, 1884. ■.-J^^■>-^>t>;^^^^*fi^-.•>^5«f-^ C. BUERSTATTE, of Manitowoc, Wis., a member of G. A. R. Post 9 No. 18, was born Sept. 12, 1846, near Elberfeldt, Germany. He was four years old when his parents, Henry M. and Mary (Meister) Buerstatte, removed from their native land to Manitowoc and the son has passed his entire life, with the exception of his soldier career in that place. He was still a boy when the assault was made on the United States flag at Sumter and, as soon as possible, enlisted as a soldier. He enrolled Feb. 12, 1864, at Manitowoc, in Company F, 26th Wis- consin Infantry for three years. In June, 1865, he was transferred to the 3rd Wisconsin Infantry and received final discharge July 20, 1865, at Louisville, Ky. He joined the regi- ment as a recruit, making connection with the command in time to participate in the battle of Resaca. He was wounded in that action May I4tli, 1864, and was one of the four men from Company F, who were injured that day. He wa.s not again in action until the last battle in wliich the regiment participated at Bentonville, preceding the surrender of Johnston. He went with the regiment through Richmond and Virginia and to Washington, whence he pro- ceeded to Louisville, Ky., with others wliose ser- vice was unexpired, where he was mustered out as stated. He returned to Manitowoc and obtained a situation in a drug store, acquiring a complete knowledge of the business which he has made his vocation in life, and in whicli he established himself in Marcli, 1872. He was married Sept. 20, 1871, to Augusta H. J. Generich of Manitowoc and they have four sons and four daughters : .Julius H. C, Amanda M., Richard T., Fred W., Ciiaiies A. L., Zeralda H., Lillie J., (Jctavia A. •^^;»»;^■^-^>^;3^^^>tf5*^-►^^*^^- LBERT S. ENO, of Clintonville, Wau- K paca Co., Wis., was born March 25, f®^Y^ 1831, in Conquest, Cayuga Co., New York. His parents, Albert and Ce- lestia Eno,were natives, respectively, of the States of New York and Connecticut. Mr. Eno was reared after the manner com- mon in the history of tiie sons of farmers and followed that calling until he enlisted. He was residing on a farm in Barry Co., Mich, when the war broke into active existence and he en- listed at Battle Creek, Mich, Oct 5, 1863, in G Company, Eleventh Regiment Michigan A'olun- teer Cavalry for three j-ears. On the formation of his company he was made Corporal and after- wards Sergeant. He was <4i.scharged with honor Sep. 22nd, 1865, after the close of the war. He went South with his regiment, was in all the unrecorded service it performed in Virgina and Kentucky, passing througli countless skirmishes and taking active part in the battles at King's Salt Works, and Marion Bridge, Western Vir- ginia and at Mount Sterling, June 9, 1864, and PERSONAL RECORDS. 411 at Cynthiana two days later. He was in pur- suit of the guerrilla Morgan. In the last named engagement tiie contest was hard fought and the disaster to the Federal troops appalling. During his period of service, Mr. Eno had a slight illness and was sent to the hospital at Louisville, Ky. After being discharged from military obliga- tions to the United States, he returned to Barry county, whei'e he resided until April, 1866, when he removed to McHenry Co., Ills. There he acquired a complete knowledge of the busi- ness of carriage and house painting which has since been his vocation. He came thence in 1S69 to Walworth Co., Wis., and three years afterwards went to De Pere, Wis. He went suc- cessively to Appleton, andStevens Point and tinally located at Clintonville. In 185o he was married to Esther M. Simmonds. Three chil- dren have been born to them, two of whom, named Eva and Ray survive. -^»t»*-^=«^^^'« ENRY MCLEAN, of Wausau, Wis., A a member of G. A. R. No. 55, was born May 12, 1825, at Belfast, Ire- land. His father died when he was two years old, and when he was 10 years of age he came to America with his mother, locating at Sheboygan. The boy became an inmate of the family of L. K. Stoner of that place, and remained with that gentleman until his removal to Eureka, Winnebago county, and thence he removed to Stevens Point. Later, he located permanently at Wausau, which has been his home since the war. He enlisted at Stevens Point in November, 1862, in the 8th Wisconsin Battery. The com- mand was organized at Racine and left the State, March ISth, of the ne.xt year. The or- der of their movements was as follows: — They made connection with the forces already in the field located at Leavenworth, then organizing for the New Mexico expedition, which failed; moved in May to Fort Riley and went to Col- umbus, Ky., marched to Humboldt, next to Corinth, went on a scouting expedition to Ja- cinto, and was in severe skirmish, and entered luka ; thence the battery was transferred to the Army of the Tennessee, going to Ea.stport, Miss., subsequently went to Murfree.sboro,Tenn., and from there to Nashville. The next move- ment was to Bowling CJreen, Ky., and thence to Louisville to return to Nashville. From there he went to take part in the battle of Stone River and assisted in shelling the rebels from their position at Lancaster on the same day. He was next in battle at Chickamauga, taking position later in the trenches at Chattanooga, and in the assault that was no man's responsi- bilitj', but which resulted in the capture of Mission Ridge. Returning to Nashville, the command was equipped with new armament and reassigned to the 2nd Division, Artillery Reserve. In .Januar}', 1865, he \vas remus- tered as a veteran, took his furlough and went to Murfreesboro in April to make connection with the nonveterans. The battery occupied Fort Rosecrans and performed garrison duty until ordered to Wisconsin to be mustered out at Milwaukee, Aug. lOth. In the fall of 1866, while stationed at Camp Etheridge, he received a severe injury while drilling on his gun, and passed some time at the hospital at Bowling Green ; a week later he went to the fight at Munfordsville, his Irish blood not permitting him to lose the chance of so lovely a scrimmage. He remained with the command, proceeding with it to the chase of General Bragg. ()n the return march to Nash- ville he was in the field ho.spital and arrived just in time to miss the thickest of the fight at Stone River, which was the responsibility of the authorities of the hospital. He returned to Wausau with a permanently injured shoul- der and arm, both being paralyzed, and he has since resumed his former occupation as a lumberman. He has a valuable larm, which is in the hands a tenant, he being incapaci- tated from its personal management. He is the son of William and Elizabeth (Deane) McLean, the former being a sea cap- tain by profession. The latter was a farmer's daughter. OHN J. QUICK of Merrill, Wis., and a member of Lincoln Post, No. 1"31, was born .Jan. 10, 1840, in Steuben Co., New York. He w'as sixteen years old when he left his native Stale to come to Madison, Wis., in 1856. He had acquired a good com- 412 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF mon school education and obtained a position in the Jacques hotel in the capital city of Wis- consin, where he remained that fall and winter. In the spring of 1858 he came north to Grand Rapids and was occupied as a sawmill hand during the summer. In the winter he went into the woods at Eagle to work for Timothy Hurley and passed two years in his employ in various capacities His next employ was " run- ning the river " until he determined to enlist. Oct. 5, 1861, he enlisted at Grand Rapids in G Company, 18th Wisconsin Infantry, for three years. He received honorable discharge at Madison Sept. 18, 1862, for disability incurred in the service of his country. The men of the regiment formed one of the finest bodies that was sent to the war from any State, the quota being made up almost wholly of lumbermen and their average weight a little less than 200 pounds. They were, unfortunately, exposed to inclement weather which, as many of them had the measles while in camp, caused much .serious illness. ^Ir. Quick contracted rheum- atism and went into hospital with eight com- panions as soon as the regiment reached Pitts- burg Landing, whither the command had been ordered. From there they were sent to New- berg, Ind. The rebels crossed from the Ken- tucky side of the Ohio River, captured the Union soldiers stationed there anil put them under parole. This exceedingly sharp piece of work was accomplished by Morgan's guerrillas and they called themselves "Texan Rangers." From Newberg the soldiers who had been paroled went to Saltwell Barracks. There the authorities desired to put them on duty, but they honored their parole and took leave in their own behalf for Madison. There they lived in barracks and Mr. Quick was assigned to duty in the ration department of the rebel prisoners there for some time and finally re- turned to Grand Rapids for a time. He went back to Madison to receive his discharge from his army obligations. The entire squad from the 18th were among tlie captured and paroled men at Newberg, Ind. At Grand Rapids he resumed his former occupation of running the river and logging. Later, in company with his brother Charles, he opened a butcher shoj) which they managed eight years. In 1880 he came to Merrill where he embarked in the business of keeping a saloon in wliich he is still interested. His marriage to Maria Parker took place in 1861 and they have three children — Lillian A., Gladys A., and Irene. The first is the wife of Cliarles ( )dell. The .second daughter is mar- ried to Henry Larry and they have two chil- dren. Mr. Quick is tlie son of .John H. Quick, a native of New York. His mother died when he was nine years old. The father was of Mohawk Dutch stock and the mother of Scotch descent. Mrs. (^uick traces her origin to the Puritan stock of Massachu.setts who were prom- inent in the Revolution. Richard Quick, brother of John, was a soldier of the Sord New York and was taken prisoner at Lookout Mountain and sent to Andersonville stockade prison. Samuel Parker, the brother of Mrs. Quick, was a soldier with " Pap Thomas." •^^»<^ ■-^»»^5 NDREW J. MCHENRY, Menominee, ^ Mich., was born Nov. 11, 1827, in Almon, Alleghany Co., New York. He is a member of G. A. R. Post No. 266, and is the son of William and Emily (Steadman) McHenry. (The latter died on the day on which this sketch was prepared, March 6th, 1888.) His father was the Hr.st white child born in Alleghany county, being the son of a man who removed to America fi-om Ireland when 19, and who immediately enlisted in the colonial military service to aid in the attempt to remove the burden of British tyranny. Mr. McHenry was reared on a farm and also be- came familiar with the avenues of the lumber biisiness, in wliich his father was interested. \Vhen he was 22 he came west to Muskegon, Mich., and commenced operations as a scaler and looker up of pine lands, buying logs, etc., and passed bis time in that varied manner un- til the first year of the war. When the first call for troops was followed by a second, his sense that he was needed became strong and he enrolled as a soldier in 1st Michigan Cavalry in Company C, Aug. 26, 1861, at Detroit for three years, and was discharged at Washington in June, 1862, for disaljility. He was in camp at Detroit until the command was sent forward to Washington to be assigned to Banks' division. The regiment was separated into detachments and variously disposed, Compau)^ C, being at- tached to the command of Abercrombie. Mr. PERSONAL RECORDS. 413 McTTeiiry was made a messenger on the j)er- sonal start oftliecomman^>^^«ff«f-*^itf-. «^5<^ NDREW JACKSON, of Oconto, Wis., ^ menil)er of G. A. 11. Post, No. 74, was born March 10, 1842, at Peru, Clinton Co., New York. He was raised on a farm in his native State and, a few months after he was 21 years old, he enlisted in Com- pany F, 91st New York Infantry at Plattslxirg. The regiment went to Baltimore and was a.s- signed to the Army of the Potomac, and at Petersburg Mr. Jackson was transferred to the Pioneer Corps. This organization was made up from a detail from the companies and was in command of Colonel Tarbell. The force was organized for the purpose of advancing before the army to remove obstructions and make all possible arrangements for swift movement of the army of Grant in following up the rebels until they surrendered at Appomattox. Mr. Jackson was engaged nearly every day in skirmishing and hard labor and after the end of the rebellion he was in the Review at Wash- ington and returned to Albany, New York, where he received honorable discharge in June, 1865. During his military service he con- tracted rheumatism and is still a suflFerer from that disease. Soon after his discluirge he came to Ciiicago, and in 1866 located at Oconto where he has since operated as a lumberman. He is in the employ of the Oconto Lumber Company and has charge of the saws and mill machinery. He is the son of James and Phoebe (Anson) Jackson, both natives of Peru, New York. He has three sisters living, named Helen, Louisa and Eliza. Mary Ann and Elizabeth are de- ceased. March 8, 1867, Mr. Jackson was mar- ried to Emma Newton of Oconto, and their sur- viving children are named James Franklin, Althea, Arthur and Robert Hough. Two chil- dren, William and an unnamed child, are de- ceased. OSEPH T. DREES, of Peshtigo, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 207, at Marinette, was born Aug. 15, 1841, in Aix-la-Cliapelle, on the Rhine in Ger- many, and is the son of Joseph and .lane Cath- erine (Gerard) Drees. He is of French lineage and his forbears served in the continental wars. His grandfather was in the army of Napoleon. Mr. Drees was 15 years old when he came from " Der Faderland " to America and reached Chicago, 111., in 1856, whence he came to Peshtigo the same year. Since residing ni this country he has operated as a lumberman. He has been twice married. Elizabeth Kracts Drees, his first wife, died in 1872 from the ef- fects of the suffering and exposure she under- went in the great fire at Peshtigo in the previ- ous year. In 1873, Vlr. Drees was again mar- ried to Augusta Sachs, f'rom the first mar- riage there are two children— John B. and Edward A. Henry is deceased. From the second marriage there are seven cliildren — Amelia, William G., Charles H., Martha, Bertha K., Augusta and Ida H. The oldest daughter is married to Einil Martin. April 14, 1864, Mr. Drees enlisted in Com- pany F, 12th Wisconsin Infantry at Green Bay for three years, and received honorable discharge at Louisville, Ky., July 12, 1865, the regiment being mustered out at the close of the war. He joined the regiment as a recruit, going to Cairo with the veteran of the regiment, re- 416 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF turning to war from their veterans furlougii and went successively to Clinton, Tenn., Huuts- ville and Decatur, Ala., and to Rome, Georgia, marching nearly oOO miles as an introduction to army pleasures. He was in the several fights known as Ivenesaw Mountain where all tlie chances of active warfare were made known to him. For a month the fighting was carried on with little interruption and throughout July the regiment was in active service, and in the fights of the 19th and 22nd of July at Atlanta where he lost his left eye by falling on a sharp stick. In August Mr. D.rees was engaged in tearing up railroads and in Septeinljer was in the fight at Jonesboro. He was in all the activities through the fall and marched to Savannah. In January he went to Beaufort, fought at Pocotaligo and on the Salkahatchie and at Fayettville, was pres- ent at the close of affairs at Bentonville, went thence to Goldsboro and Raleigh and joined in the pursuit of Johnston, and went to Wasiiing- ton after the surrender to take part in the closing scenes at the National Capital and came to Louisville as stated. He was in hospital a short time at Marietta. The crowning troul)le of the historj' of Mr. Drees was the fire at Pesli- tigo, in 1871, when he lost all of his property, having an insurance of $1,500 dollars which was not paid. ■■-J»t^ >-J»iJ> ^^«^5<^i^5-3>t^-^-^>i^^^^S UFUS KING, the first brigadier gen- eral appointed to the command of Wisconsin troops during the war, was of old and distinguished family. He was born in New York city, January 26th, 1813, the eldest son of Charles King, LL. D., PERSONAL RECORDS. 417 wlio was for years President of Columbia Col- lege, and grandson of Rufus King, twice min- ister to England and United States Senator from New York. The latter was the son of Riciiard King, a wealthy ship owner of Scar- borough, Maine, and reuioved to Massachusetts shortly before the revolatioiuiry war; was delegate of that commonwealth at the ratiti- cation of the constitution at Philadelphia, sub- sequently removed to New York and purchased the homestead at Jamaica, Long Island, where his descendants still reside. General King's mother was Eliza Grade of Elizidjethtown, New Jersey, a woman of rare accomplishment and worth. His early educa- tion was at the hands of an old French soldier- scholar, who had emigrated to New York after Waterloo, but, when only fourteen years of age King was prepared for West Point, where he was graduated in iSoo at the age of nineteen, standing fourth in rank in a large and brilliant class, and was commissioned in the Corps of Engineers. As Lieutenant King his first duty was in coiniection with the building of Fortress Monroe — his associate being Lieutenant Robert E. Lee, with whom he was soon after-wards sent to surve}' the boundary line between Ohio and Michigan, in 1S35. This was his first look at the wilderness of the West, and one he bore in mind. In September, 1836, he resigned from the army to take the position of Assistant i']ngineer of the New York and Erie railwa}-, and lieKl it until nearly 183H when the new enterprise became crippled in its finances and King returned to Albany, N. Y. Governor William H. Seward was just entering on his first term, and King received at his hands the appointment of Adjutant-General of the State, which, despite his youth, he filled with marked credit for four years, through both of Seward's terms. During this period he was brought frequently under the notice of Thurlow Weed, who detected the inherent editorial stutt' in him (Charles King had been for years editor of the New York American) and he became associate editor of the Albany Evening Journal under Weed's tutelage. In 1844, the i>roprietors of the SeiUinel, an infant paper, in the infant town of Milwaukee, Territory of Wisconsin, sought Thurlow Weed's advice as to the selection of an editor to take entire charge, and Rufus King in the fall of 1845 moved to Milwaukee with his young wife and baby boy and took the helm, lie threw himself heart and soul into every enterprise that promoted the growth and welfare of his adopted home. He was member of the convention that framed the final con- stitution of Wisconsin ; first (and, for all the years there were no emoluments attached to the office, onb/) Superintendent of public schools; a leader in every meeting; an authority on many a question in the growing State, and all the time be labored at his paper until in a few years the Milwaukee Sentinel had no rival in the Northwest. With the defeat of Winfield Scott and the dissolution of the Whig party, General King devoted himself to the task of building up the new Republican and Anti- Slav.ery organization that was fostering in the East. There are many to-day who call him the father of the Republican party in the Badger State, Imt he was the last man to think it him- self or to seek personal reward. His whole career was an example of tireless effort for principle, party and progress utterly to the ex- clusion of any thought of self. Naturally, General King warmly advocated the nomination of Mr. Seward for the Presiden- cy in 1860, but wlien Abraham Lincoln became tfie choice of the party, the Sentinel was his staunch supporter. Soon after the inaugura- tion on the 4tli of March, 1861, King was ap- pointed Minister to Rome, as delightful a berth as the new President could tender him. All Milwaukee seemed to rejoice in his good fortune, for no man had done more to win the atfection and esteem of his fellow-citizens, and the farewell banquet was something long re- membered. The new diplomat's baggage was aboard the steamer at the New York pier when the boom of Sumter's guns startled the nation. King speeded to Washington and asked for service with the army ; was directed to return at once to Wisconsin to organize the brigade required from the Badger State ; was commissioned Brigadier General of Wisconsin Volunteers on May 7th, and to the same rank in the United States service, May 17th, 1861, being summoned at once to the defen.ses of Washington, where in the summer of 1861, in camp at Kalorama Heights, he orga,nizcd the command of Wisconsin and Indiana troops destined to win in fiercest battle the proud title of "the Iron Brigade." A month was spent in drill and preparation ; then in September the brigade was ordered up the Potomac to Chain Britlge, where one of his favorite regiments — the oth Wisconsin — was transferred to give 418 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF General Hancock an equal command, but it was immediately replaced bj^ the aiTiving 7tli, and in the winter of 18()1, King's Brigade went into camp around Arlington House and the General occupied rooms under the roof tree of his old friend Lee. Early in the spring he was pro- moted to the command of as Hue a Division as tlie Army of the Potomat- contained, consisting of liis old brigade and those of Generals Hatch, Doubleday and Patrick, and it was King's Di- vision that first entered the works of Manassas, where Mc('lellan made his tardy advance. Being in McDowell's Corps, the division was detained in front of Washington during Mc- Clellan's operations on the Peninsula, and its first sharp service was along the line of the . Rapidan when Lee, Long- street and .Lackson leaped forward to crush Pope before McCIellan could re-inforce him. Tlie evening of August 2Sth King's Division — all alone on the Warrenton turnpike — was suddenly and fiercely assaulted by Jackson's corps between Gainesville and Grove- ton. The attack fell mainly on the Wisconsin l)rigade which for over an Lour stood like a rock against the charges of an overwlielming force from Ewell's and Taliaferro's Divisions. Dark- ness put an end to the fight, and late at night, after being urgently advised by three of his brigade commanders that it was his only ciiance of saving the division from being sur- I'ounded by Jackson's corps with the coming morn. King ordered a withdrawal towards Manassas. He had inflicted fearful loss to the enemy, but the Iron Brigade had lost 40 per cent. Doubleday had suffered severely. It was impossible to find McDowell, the Corps Com- mander, or Pope, and, all ignorant that Sigel's men were not far di.siant on his right, King fell back. No orders of any kind — from any quarter, reached him that night, but in his official report General Pope made it appear that he had sent King repeated orders to hold his ground, and inferentially it was reasoned that he received them and disobeyed. Although Pope has since publicly admitted that he never even sent orders to King, but that all were sent to McDowell, and though letters from the War Department fully exonerated him, both in Wisconsin and in Congress the affair was utterly misrepresented and by many ignorant, and a few designing people, King was accused of having, again.st orders, aban- doned the field. Some such report, with evident design, was brought to the ears of Mc- CIellan as the division was about moving in to the attack at South Mountain, and he directed that King be relieved and granted leave of ab- sence on the ground of . evident ill health. Though speedily restored to duty and given important command at Yorktown he never I'e- gained his health or spirits. Our diplomatic affairs were becoming entangled abroad. Gov- ernor Randall, who was occupying King's post at Rome, desired to return, and in the fall of 1863 tiie President called on his minister to proceed to his station at the Papal court. Here King remained rendering important and faith- ful service to the Nation, returning to the United States in 1867 and receiving a cordial welcome from his Milwaukee friends. After serving a year or two as Deputy Collector of the port of New York City, he there died of pneumonia October 13, 1S^ -i»t^^^<^i£f-' <«5<^ Jf^ ABRIEL W. CORNISH, of New Lon- W t |\ don. Wis., and a member of G. A. R. \v^^4 Vosi No. 46, was born in Bangor, Franklin Co., New York, Oct. 13, 1833. He is the son of Adin and Miriam (Needham) Cornish, and the parents were na- tives of Vermont. Their children were named Adin, Truman, Aimer, Charles, Martha M. and Anna. Three died in infancy. Truman died PERSONAL RECORDS. 419 at New London. Aimer was wounded while lighting in the civil war at Corinth. He was a soldier in Company A, 14th Wisconsin Infan- try and died in tiie barracks at St. Louis, Mo., and was buried there. After receiving parole, Mr. Cornish of tliis sketch went there to find the grave of his brotlier but did not succeed in lo- cating it. Charles died in New York. Adin married Mary Wood and they have one cliild — Wallace, lie was a soldier ni the same com- panj' and regiment as his deceased brother. Mr. Cornish came from his native State to Wisconsin in 1849, and passed tliree years in Winnebago county locating in tlie fall of 1852, near Hortonville, in Outagamie county. He enlisted at Oshkosh in August, 1861, and Oct. 8, 1861, lie was mustered into Company D, 1st Wisconsin Infantry at Milwaukee for three years. He became a soldier in that regiment after its three montlis term was ended and tlie command was reconstructed. Mr. Cornish left the State within a week after his "muster;" and the roster of ins battles includes 20 names and he tasted all the persecutions and hardships of rebel prison in a bondage of two months at Libby. He was in the movements in which his regiment was involved in October, November, December, January and February, proceeding from place to place on the Ohio River and South into Kentucky, and in March was again with his regiment at Nashville, Tenn. He was in the Hrst heavy battle at Perryville, just a year to a day after being mustered in. He was \younded on that day, a minie ball striking his head near his left ear and passing out near the center of the back of his neck. He went to hos- pital No. 9 at Louisville, where he remained nearly three months and reported for duty just in time in December to tiglit at Stone River. He was with the command on Jefferson Pike when attacked by Wheeler's cavalry, December 30th, and was taken pri.soner. With 66 others of the regiment he was sent to Libby prison at Richmond, Va., where he .saw every form of hardship and privation which rebel ingenuity could inflict on a Union man. Food was dis- tributed once a day and every variety of disease was prevalent. The cornmeal on which the prisoners sub.sisted was mixed with something that looked like mule meat. Feb. 28, 1863, Mr. Cornish was paroled and went to Annapolis, Md., and thence to Benton Barracks, St. Louis, where he was exchanged and rejoined liis regi- ment at Murfreesboro. He was next in action at Hoover's Gap and TuUahoma and went thence to the Cumberland Mountains and was with his command in the skirmishing at Dug Gap. He was in the line of battle formed near Stevens Gap, where he remained some days and went by way of Owen's (Jap and Crawhsh Springs to fight at Chickamauga. After the action of two days, only 82 of his command stacked arms. He went next to Chattanooga and was next in the charge at Mission Ridge and afterwards pursued the rebels to Stevens Gap, reluming to Chattanooga. When the plans of Grant and Sherman were arranged and the army reorganized in 1864 the 1st Wiscon- sin, whicli had been attached from reorganiza- tion to the command of Sherman moved in the Atlanta campaign. Mr. Cornish was in the fight at Pumpkin Vine Cr^ek and in all the ex- posure to which his command was subjected at Kene.saw Mountain and fought at Peach Tree Creek, July 2()th. He was in the charge at At- lanta two days later and was in constant skir- mishing until the capitulation of Atlanta. He was in the fight at .Jone.stwro and his division with the 2nd Division, captured 700 prisoners. The regiment returned to Atlanta where Mr. Cornisli remained until the expiration of his period of enlistment and he was mustered out September 21st, and returned to Wisconsin, where he was finall}' discharged at Milwaukee Oct. 14, 1864. He returned to Hortonia, Outagamie county, where he resided about 12 j^ears occupied in farming. About 1875, he sold his place his disabilities resulting from army life unfitting him for heavy labor. Pie located at New Lon- don, where he has since been occupied with light work. Jan. 18, 1857, he was married to Mary Waite at Hortonville; their only child, Mary E., was born June 12, 1873. •^^»«^ -tJW^ j^^<^5!^-J>t>^^>i T^TLONZO L. WILLIAMS, of Appleton, /*/ \v Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post ^^^^ No. 133, was born May 22, 1839, in Winfield, Herkimer Co., New York. His father, for whom lie was named, married Alice C. Herron. The former was born in Yer- mont, and was the son of a native of Rhode Island, who was a lineal descendant of Roger Williams. His mother was born in 1814, in Rome, New York. The grandfather on the mother's side was named Cook, and o)ie of the same generation was a prominent lawyer in Chenango county in the same State. The Her- rons were of Scotch extraction. When he was in childhood, Mr. Williams went with his par- ents to Vermont, and afterwards returned with them to his native State. He received his primary education in the public schools of Jeff- erson county, whither he had been taken by his parents and, later went to Malone, Franklin PERSONAL RECORDS. 421 county, and back to Union academy in Bell- ville, Jeffei'son county, to prepare for college, where ho was a student at the date of the rebel- lion and the same spirit wiiich decimated the educational institutions all over the North, sent him to the recruiting oilice to answer to what he considered the call of duty. Aug. 22, 1SG2, he enlisted at Geneva in Company G, 50th New York Engineers. The regiment went to Elmira to the camp of rendezvous, and in September he went to the Army of the Potomac. He was in various details in the service during that fall and performed the duties connected with the command to which he was attached in the capacity of engineer. He fought in the regular service in the interims, and was present at Chancellorsville, and underwent all the vicissi- tudes of that bloody and useless conflict, was at Gettysburg and fared better, fought in the sev- eral engagements of the second Wilderness, in- cluding Spottsylvania, North and South Anna and Cold Harlior, and was attached to the army and performed the a.ixluous duty pertaining to the special service in which he enlisted until the close of the war. After Grant took com- mand of the Army of the Potomac, Companies I, G and D. were assigned to the 2nd Corps under Hancock. Mr. Williams received honora- l)le discharge -July, 1865, under the (Jeneral Order disbanding the regiments at Elmire. After the war, he again went to .Jefferson county and, soon after, to Seneca county where he enjgaged in teaching. In 1866, he went W^est and located at Waukesha to accept a situ- ation as a teacher and afterwards became Prin- cipal of the public schools at Jefferson, Wis. In 1874, he came to Appleton and assumed the management of one of the city .schools and offi- ciated six years. At the end of that time, he commenced business as an accountant and has been employed in various places in the city since. He was married April 6, 1865, to Sarah Francis Herron. Their children are named Alice and Mary Frances. The mother of Mr. Wiliams belonged to Connecticut stock, and the early generations removed to Addison, New York. .John C. Herron, the brother of Mrs. Williams, was an enli.sted man in the war and died at Harjier's Ferry of disal)iliues con- tracted in the service. He and anotiier brother, David, were in the 50th New York and the latter returned in safety. The grand- father of Mr. Williams, Pardon Williams, fought in the war of 1812. He died in 1855. The grand mother of Mr. Williams was born in 1762 and died in 1840. His maternal grandmother died when more than a centiuw old, having passed the line by a year or two. She was a relative of the general of that name (Herron). Mrs. Williams is the daughter of a lawyer who was for many years the partner of the famous attorney, Charles G. Folger, of Geneva, New York, Secretary of the Treasury under President Arthur. »^»JaS> -^t^i^^ <5^-'-^5«f- HARl.ES SHELTON, Winneconne, Wis., formerly a soldier in the civil war, was born July 10, 1840, in Me- dina, Ohio, and he is the son of Jere- miah and C'larissa (^tastin) Shelton. His pat- ernal grandfather was a native of Germany and the father of his mother was a prominent sol- dier in the war of the Revolution. When he was five yeai"S old his parents removed to Wis- consin and located in a part of the State which was then un.settled. He has passed his life as a farmer and is now occupied in the business of an agriculturist. He is a member of the G. A. R. Post, No. 7, at Omro, and removed to Winneconne in 1881. Nov. 17, 1863, he enli.sted in Company I), o2nd Wisconsin Infantry at Oshko.sh for three years or during the war, and he was honorably discharged July 12, 1865, at Louisville, Ky. In June previous he was transferred to the 16tli Wisconsin Infantry and was discharged as stated. He joined the regiment as a recruit and made connection with his company near Memphis, Tenn., and left the city with the 17th Army Corps to move in the marcli to the sea. He went with his command throughout Cxeorgia and was in the actions before Savannah and after the occupation of the city went to the Savannah River, and thence to Purisburg where the command was detained two weeks by floods. Mr. Shelton was with his regiment in the march through South Carolina and was engaged in all the varied duty o/ that move- ment. He was engaped in the work of destruc- tion, foraged and performed guard duty and was in countless skirmishes. He was engaged in the advance through the rain to Chesterfield in the pursuit of rebels and was under fire for 422 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF six hours in the battle of Averysboro. He was in the heat of the action at Bentonville and went thence to Goldsboro and after the surren- der of Johnston went to Wasliington. After liis transfer to tiie 16th Wisconsin he peiformed duty with that command and returned to Wis- consin at the date mentionech One of the inci- dents which Mr. Shelton ruhites toolc place at Tliompson's Creek where he got a chance to fire at the Tear guard of the rebels; he fired three shots but, in his haste forgot to remove the ramrod from liis gun and tlie aflair was a stand- ing joke in his command tlirough the remain- der of his service. He has never recovered from the illness from which he suffered during his service and with which he was sick in the hospital at Marietta, Ga. Mr. Shelton is a respected and honorable citizen of Winnecenne and enjoys the confidence of the community in which lie resides. He was married in March, ISGl, at Medina, Wis., to Sophronia Khoads and their children are named Bessie, Adelaide and Edna. AJOR LEVI ROWLAND, resident at Fort Howard, Wis., and a member of (i. A. R. Post No. 124 at Green Bay, was born May 15, 1839, in Kenosha, Wis. He is the son of Thomas and Elizabeth (Davis) Howland. His fatlier was born in New Bradford, Mass., and was descended from a race of farmers who were soldiers in the two wars with Great Britain. The mother was born near AVinchester, West Va., and belonged to old Virginia stock ; she was reared in Kentucky whither her parents went when she was a child. Major Howland received a good education and was at the thres- hold of manhood, when the civil war engaged his attention. Within 48 hours after the U. S. flag went down at Sumter he was enrolled as a soldier. He enlisted April 17, 1861, in Com- pany G, 1st Wisconsin Infantry for the three months service. The regiment left the state June !)th, an(4 made connection with the forces of Patterson at Chambersburg whence the com- mand proceeded to Hagerstown, Md., where it was attached to the brigade of Abercrombie. July 2nd, the 1st Wisconsin led the advance of Patterson's troops towards Martinsburg and, on the same daj', was in the battle of Falling Waters, the first engagement of Wisconsin troops with the rebels, three men of Company G being wounded ; Geo. Drake was killed, the first Wisconsin soldier that died for the Union. On the organization of Company G, young Howland was commissioned 2nd Lieutenant and was mustered out with the regiment, August 21, 1861. Aug. 20, 1861, Lieutenant Howland enlisted in Company A 1st Wisconsin Cavalry. On the organization of the regiment, he was assigned to the command of Company C, was made Major of the regiment Jan. 6, 1865, and was mustered out July 19, 1865 as such. The regiment left the State March 17, 1862, and in April went to Cape Girardeau. Miijor How- land was in the skirmish near Bloomfield, going thence to Chalk Bluffs, was in anotlier action at i Scatterville, aid fought at L'Anguilie Ferry, going thence again to Cape Girardeau, where he was in a sharp action. In May, 1803, the regiment went to Tennessee to make connection with the Union army at Triune, and becoming a part of tlie Army of the Cumberland. The regiment performed picket duty until June, meanwhile engaging in a skirmish at Middle- town. Major Howland was next in a figlit at Shelbyville, and soon after, was in a detail to interfere with the retreat of Bragg. He was next engaged with the rebels near CrawHsii Springs and on the following day fought at Chicka- mauga, being on the skirmish line all tlje next day, and going on the morning of the next to Chattanooga. He was in the fight at Anderson's Cross Roads, and was in the action at Maysville, going thence to Winchester and fighting again at New Market, which action was succeeded by the fighting at Mossy Creek, Varnell's Station, Dandridge, Cassville, Resaca, Burnt Hickory, Ack worth, Big Shanty, Lost Mountain, Campbelltown, Hopkinsvilie, Eliza- bethtown, Centervilie, Montgomery, Ala., Tus- kegee and West Point, Ga. The last men- tioned engagement was his final battle,and was fought April 16, 1865. This presents a dim outline of the work accomplished by the 1st Wisconsin Cavalry, but of cavalry iiardsliips, it is impossible for the historian to speak in ad- equate terms. After the war. Major Howland returned to Kenosha, and went thence to western Kansas, where he became connected with the Kansas Pacific railroad. In the fall of 1867 returned PERSONAL RECORDS. 423 to Wisconsin, locating at Fort Howard, where he engaged in lumber business, in wliieli he lias since been interested. He is a man of prominent executive ability and has officiated as a member of the Common Council of Fort Howard, has been a member of the School Board six years and President of the latter four years, and has officiated ten years on the County Board of Supervisors. In 1884 he was Republican nominee for Congress in the 5th District of Wisconsin, running against Joseph Rankin. Major Howland was married August 1867, to Edith Louise Sykes. Their chil- dren are named Eben W. and Maud A. Mar- ion T. died wlien eight j'ears old. Mrs. How- land was born at Oswego, New York, and came to Kenosha in childhood. Major Howland's brother, Alfred, enlisted in tlie 1st Wisconsin Infantry, re-enlisted in tlie 1st Wisconsin Cavalry. Company A was trans- ferred to Company C, September 1st, 1863, and served througli the war. Ichabod Howland, twin brother of Major Howland, .served with him in both regiments and was killed May 9, 1864. In this action near Dalton, which is designated Varnell's Station, the 1st Wiscon.sin Cavalry suffered heavily. The two brothersin-law, John Sauber and Thomas Dyche, fought in the war; the former in a Wisconsin regiment and the latter as a Lieutenant in a Missouri com- mand. w [f^HOMAS J. BURDICK, of Black Creek, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 116, was born Sept. 8, 1832, in Old Fort Dearborn, (now Chicago) Cook Co., 111. In 1835 his parents removed to Wisconsin, locating at Milwaukee, where he was reared to manhood. A short time previous to the war he settled for a permanency at Eureka, where he engaged in farming. In .January, 1864, he enlisted as a recruit in M Company, 1st Wisconsin Cavalry, and, with 400 other re- cruits, joined the command at Cleveland, Ten- nessee. May 3rd, the regiment .started to make connection with Sherman's army, and three days after attacked a rebel force near Var- nell's Station. The battle was waged alternately on foot and on horses. Colonel LaGrange lead- ing the charge in person. Mr. Burdick had two ribs broken by being thrown from his horse, the animal stumbling and rolling over him. In March they made connection with Wilson's cavalry expedition, and Mr. Burdick took part in the actions at Selma and Montgomery. He was in the capture of Fort Tyler, where the command dismounted for the assault. This transpireil after the fall of the confederacy, and two days after the assassination of President Lincoln, but no intelligence of either event had reached the 1st Wisconsin Cavalry. Mr. Bur- dick also sustained a perminent injury to his right eye from a blow from a piece of a bush striking it, while he was engaged with a squad trying to capture a bushwhacker. The indivi- dual was taken, but there is doubt to this day as to the sex, as it was suspected that the rebel was a woman. "Boys," said he (or she) "you have got me now, but 1 will show you a Yankee trick yet." And so it proved, for he or she was non est in the morning, having escaped on the horse of Colonel LaGrange. The regnnent went from Georgia to Tennessee,'and were discharged at Edgefield July 25, 1865.' Mr. Burdick returned to his family at Eureka and again became interested in farming, in which he is still operating. He has served his generation in several civil offices, and has acted as Constable and Road Master. He is a relia- ble and respected citizen. He was married at Eureka, Wis., to Lucy Warden from New York, and they had five children — George Washing- ton, Abraham Lincoln, William, Frederick and Ellsistia. In 1866 he was again married to Adeline Chamberlain of Bradford Co., Pennsyl- vania. Mr. Burdick is the son of Paul and Rebecca Burdick, both of Dunkirk, New York. He is a genuine Yankee in the paternal line, and German on the mother's side, and is the Com- mander of Post 116. (1888). AMES A. FARR, Oshkosh, Wis., tneniber of G. A. R. Post No. 10, was born May 12, 1842, in Weldon, in the county of the same name in Canada. He enlisted as a soldier Oct. 28, 1863, for a terra of three years. He continued in the service until the close of the war, and received honorable dis- charge Aug. 25, 1865, at Macon, Ga. He enrolled at Corunna, Mich., in Company C, 2nd Michigan Cavalry, as a recruit and ' 424 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF made connection with the regiment at Cleve- land, E. Tenn., Jan. 3, 1864. (Colonel Benja- min Smitli was the superior officer of die regi- ment, which was assigned to tlie hrigade of General Barrows and the division of Gen. Daniel McCook.) Mr. Farr was in the action at Chattanooga and in every subsequent skirmish and battle in which his command took part. A portion of the summer of 18()4 the regiment fought as infantry, then- hoi'ses being required elsewhere. In the winter the conceited plans of Grant and Sherman were matured and, in May, the movements were commenced. May lotli the great tiglit with .lohnston took place and at Allatoona Puss, whither he fled, Mr. Farr received a wound in his right leg. He p)assed three days in the Hold hospital at Burnt Hick- ory Church and went thence to Cumberland hospital at Nashville. From there he went to the floating hospital at New Albany, (an old transport) and was again removed to hospital No. 6 at iSTew Albany, rejoining his regiment at Carter's Creek near Franklin, Tenn., about the 1st of September. Sept. 10th he was in a fight with Wheeler's cavalry when their raid on the Nashville & Chattanooga, railroad was made between Franklin and Carter's Creek. Mr. Farr was in another fight with Wheeler on the Leba- non Pike, three miles from Nashville, on the McEwen farm. The rebels wei-e followed and Nov. oth, a fight occurred at Muscle Shoals on the Tennessee River. Tlie command fell back to Columbus and joined tlie army of Thomas. The rebels were drawn into the meshes which were their destruction, and a battle took place at Franklin. This was one of the sharjjest engagements of the war, was the first in which Mr. Farr took part after his return and one of the most decisive. December 15th, the command were at Edgefield, opposite Nashville, where matters were concentrating, and the battle of Nashville was the keynote of the end of the war in the West. Hood was chased to Franklin, and in January the regiment went into winter quarters at Brush Creek, near Waterloo, Ala. In March, 1865, the cavahT under Wilson were ordered to raid Alabama and Georgia and join Sherman at Macon, Ga. The forces left Waterloo and, in accordance with orders. General Croxson and a detail which included the 2nd Michigan Cavalry, started for the western j)art of Alabama to des- troy factories and mills along the route of the . Big and Little Tombigby Rivers. On the sec- ond day out, Mr. Farr, while crossing the Bla(^k Warrior River, took cold which settled in his eyes and, owing to lack of medical treatment which it was impossible to obtain, contracted a disease which eventually rendered him luially blind. After the duty on which they were des- patched was accomplished, the regiment pushed on through Georgia. At Iron Mountain Sta- tion, they had their last fight, May 14, 1865. They captured a rebel mail there in wliich was found a paper from which tiiey first learned of the assas.sination of Lincoln and the fall of Richmond. The march towards Macon com- menced and rebels returning to their home were met in large numbers. The forces of General Croxson were being searched for to learn that their work had ended. On being mustered out, Mr. Farr [iroceeded to Jackson, Mich., where he placed himself un- der treatment, to no purpose, the sight of his right eye soon being extinguished, and he became totally blind in the fall of 186(). Dec. 26, 1875, he came to Wisconsin, locating at Omro. He came thence to Oshkosh in 1875. He was married Feb. 5, 1 873, to Sarah I irown, and they have two children — Reljecca Jessie Florence and Ralph Albert Layton. The father of Mr. Farr was named John Layton Farr, and his mother before marriage was Mary McEntee. The former was born in Canada and was Engli.sh by descent. His pro- genitors were natives of the State of New York, and liis great grandfather was a .soldier of 1812. On his mother's side, the stock was origuially Irish, and her grandfather was in tlie war of 1812. Rebecca McEntee, the grandmother of Mr. Farr, died at 108. In. 1861, she com- menced drawing a pension, receiving arrearages for 85 years. Her husband was a soldier of the Revolution, and she died in 1865. William Farr, a brother of Mr. Farr, was a soldier in the 8th Michigan Cavalry. Aaron F., another brother, enlisted in Company F, 3rd Michigan Infantry. ONORABLE JOSEPH RANKIN, deceased, formerly a resident of Manitowoc, Wis., and prominent in his military service during tlie civil war, was born at Passaic, New Jersey, Sep. 25, 1833, and died at Washington, D. C, Jan. 24, PERSONAL RECORDS. 425 1886, during the session of the 49th Congress. In his childhood his family removed to Cort- land county, New York, and he received a thor- ough education at Homer Academy. He came West in 1854 and settled at Mishicot, Manito- woc Co., Wis., where he was engaged a few years in the business of a merchant. His character aud ability secured recognition and he was made the recipient of the honors of local otticial pre- ferrment for several successive years. He was elected to the Assembly of Wisconsin in 1860 and served in the State Legislature with con- spicuous ability. The advent of civil war monopolized his at- tention to the exclusion of local interests and, in 1862, he raised a company for the 27th Wis- consin Infantry and, on its organization, was commissioned its captain. It was assigned to the 27th Wisconsin Infantry as Company I) and he served as first line officer of the organization until the end of the war. He enlisted Oct. 23, 1862, and was mustered out August 29, 1865. The roster of his battles and skirmishes includes the siege of Vicksburg, .Jenkins Ferry, Poison Springs, Sabine River, Camden, Prairie d'Ane, Little Rock, Pine Bluff, Terre Noir Creek, April 2, 1864, Little Missouri River, April 4th, White Oak Creek, April 15, 1864. The later history of the regiment in 1865 includes the movement of the regiment to New Orleans and Mobile and the command occupied trenches at Spanish Fort through the siege. After the sur- render of the defenses of Mobile the regiment went up the Tombigby River and proceeded next to Mobile and thence across the Gulf of Mexico to Bi-azos Santiago, Texas, and moved successively to Clarksville and Browiasville where they were discharged on the day stated. The characteristics of Mr. Rankin as a soldier were coolness and bravery in danger and a solicitude for the well-being and comfort of his men. He was the friend and adviser of the menibers of his command and received from them implicit confidence on all occasions. He was peculiarly modest and unassuming in char- acter, always avoiding anything like a parade of his own actions and in deference to his well known trait, his biograpical sketch is devoid of the elaboration it justly deserves. He was once asked to supply the necessary data for his biog- raphy for the Congressional directory and era- braced his militaiy record in .seven words: "Served in the Union army three years." He remained in Louisiana after the close of the war, engaging in the management of a plan- tation until 1868, when he returned to Manito- woc count}', and, soon after was again elected to the Assembly of Wisconsin, in which he served four years. (1871, 1872, 1873, 1874.) In 1876 he was elected to the State Senate ' and .served three successive terms, the last of which expired in 1882. His career as a legislator was distin- guished by the same traits of character which had made his record as a soldier and citizen promi- nent. He was versed in Parliamentary law and ( po.ssessed perceptive faculties which enabled him to .secure advantage even when in the minority. He was conscientious in the discharge of duty and commanded the respect and esteem of his political opponents as he did the confidence aud aftection of his own party. He wa.s always a Democrat, and was an able manager in the in- terests of his party and served several years as Chairman of the State Central Committee. When named for office, his character or integ- rity were never assailed by his political adver- saries. In 1882 he was elected to Congress and was re-elected in 1884, receiving in both in- stances a large majority. His record in the council halls of the Nation was consistent with that he had made in Wisconsin, and he was a prominent member of Committee on Rivers and Harbors, a work in which the 5th District, which he represented, was greath' interested. In the later years of his life he was stricken by incurable disease. Notwithstanding his feeble state, he decided to take his seat at the opening of tlie session in December, 1885, and accom- plished his determination. He was tenderlj' cared for by his family and friends, and a few weeks later was " mustered out." An instance of his last days delineates his character. Not long before his death lie was visited by his col- leagues and political associates, and he left with them a piece of work he had been unable to finish. One of his old soldiers was entitled to a pension which he sorely needed, but the proofs were not all complete and he requested tiiat the work be finished for him, and it was done. To Senator Spooner, of Wisconsin, on whom he supposed it would devolve to men- tion his death in the Senate Chamber, he said : " If you ever mention me, talk of me as I am." His memory received the usual tribute of re- spect by both Congressional bodies, and com- mittees from both acompanied his i-emains to Manitowoc. He was buried there and his obse- quies were honored by the attendance of a con- 426 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF course of people to whom he had been for many years the object of sincere admiration. He was married Sept. 18, 1862, to Ameha S. Borcherdt of Manitowoc. A daughter, Jemiie, and a son, Joseph, survive him. His family reside at Manitowoc. •■^>!^*-J>S^ ^^««5«f-»<5<^* OSEPH ROBB ANDERSON, of Merrill, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 131, was born Sep. 12, 1826, in Hickman Co., Tenn. He was taken by his parents to Illinois when he was two years old and lived successively in Bond, Montgom- eiy and St. Clair counties. In 18o5 tiie family removed to a place near the present site of the city of Burlington, Iowa, and which was then Michigan Territory and afterwards Wisconsin. Being subjected to the circumstances of frontier life through his boyhood, his advantages for education were limited and lie was 14 l)efore he attended school a day. When he was 16 years old his father died. (Aug. 22, 1842.) The latter was the first warden of the State prison at Fort Madison, having been appointed in 1840 and after his death the son lived with William Knapp, a fanner, until he reached manhood and was, meanwhile occupied in farming. In the spring of that year, 18 17, Mr. Knapp sold his farm and removed to Chicago, young Anderson accompanying him. During that fall and winter he drove a team and March lo, 1848, he enli.sted for the service of the Mex- ican war. He enrolled in the 2nd Illinois In- fantry as a recruit, tlie command being sta- tioned at Pueblo. He made connection with the regiment 80 miles from the Citj'^ of Mexico and served four months, receiving discharge .July 25, 1848, at Alton, Ills. He was assigned to Company I, Captain Smith. The experiences were novel and involved as much hardship as he thought agreeable. The recruits left Chi- cago April 4tli and landed at Vera Cruz on the 28tli. The weather was cold when they set out and at Vera Cruz the temperature was tropical. The change was terrible in effect; Mr. Anderson, weighing 185 at enlistment tipped the scales at 120 when discharged. He had suffered with- out intermission from chronic bowel complaint but did not miss a day of duty. He engaged in farming in Lee Co., Iowa, where he has pa.ss- ed 28 j'ears of his life. He was offered many positions of trust in the local management of affairs Ijut had no taste for tlie emoluments of office. In the spring of 1863 he came to Wis- consin and passed the summer in Vernon coun- ty. In the fall he went to LaCrosse and en- listed in that city in the 1st Wisconsin Heavy Artillery, Aug. 20, 1864, and was credited to the town of Bayfield, Lake Superior county. Four companies had been previously organized and Mr. Ander.son was assigned to Battery L of the other eight which were organized later. The iKittery rendezvoused at Madison and pro- ceeded to Alexandria. It was stationed at Fort Willard and drilled in infantry tactics, and heavy and light artillery practice and repaired fortifications and performed guard and garrison duty, holding itself in readiness for the "foe who dared not come." Mr. Ander.son was dis- charged July 15th, 1865, and, arriving at Mil- waukee on the morning of the 4th, was permit- ted to go to LaCrosse where he passed 10 days and returned to Milwaukee fur final release as stated. He has since operated in lumber at LaCrosse and in Iowa and later on the Wiscon- sin River, witli headquarters at Merrill. Aug. 15, 1882, he became a resident of Merrill. He was married Feb. 5, 1850, to Susan Shirk and their surviving children are Edward L., William J., Anna E., Marv E. and Eliza I. Marcli 18, 1870, they lost twin daughters. The second son is married to AnnaCayton and they have seven children — Minnie, Gertrude, Joseph, Edward, Susie, Bertie and Catherine Ellen. The second daughter is the wife of A. A. Bock and their children are Grace, Arlie and Marie. William and Anna (Robb) Anderson, the parents of Mr. yVnderson, were born respectively in North and South Carolina. In the line of descent the former was Scotch-Irish. The motlier was a descendant of Scotch ancestors. Mrs. Anderson was born in Ohio and is the daughter of a Virginian of SwLss origin. ■'-;'*^*-^t^^^'^*<^-"^*t^-' ENRY HAYTER, a prominent citi- zen of Shawano, Wis., and a mem- ber of G. A. R. Post No. 81, was born November 30, 1826, in Clinton, Oneida Co., New York, and is the son of Henry and Elizabeth (Elliott) Hayter. His parents PERSONAL RECORDS. 427 came from England and after residing for a time in tlie State of New York they removed to Michigan and afterwards to Oslikosli, where tlie parents both died. Three brothers of Mr. Ilaj'ter were enlisted men in the army ; Thomas F. lives in Dakota, .lolin in Minnesota and James died in Micliigan in 1877. A sister lives in Ohio ; another in Osliko.'^h, who is a widow, and another is the wife of John Glass of Oshkosh ; another is the wife of F. M. Lull of Oshkosh and another is the widow of F. Marden. Thomas Ilayter was captured b}' the rebels and taken to Libby prison. He made his escape from there ancl was retaken and sent to Castle Thunder. He again escaped and was then re- moved to Andersonville and was finallj' ex- changed. (See sketches of J. H. Jenkins and C. C. Mitchell.) Mr. Hayter received a common school edu- cation and, after coming to Wisconsin, he be- came interested in lumbering. He is one who can be called a self-made man, having sup- plemented his lack of education bj^ observation and the exercise of good judgment. April 21, 1861, he eidisted in Company 1>, 3rd Wisconsin Infantry, at Oshkosh for three years or the war and went with his command to ^'^irginia in the capacity of Sergeant. He received honorable discharge June 19, 18()"2, at Camp Front Royal on surgeon's certificate of disability from her- nia and was in the medical college hospital at Winchester, Va. The company to which he belonged was known as Scott's Volunteers and left their camp at Fond du Lac July 12, 1861, to go to Hagerstown, Md., and their passage through the country to the seat of war was an affair to be remembered, the appearance of the men and their good behavior attracting much admiration. One of the first pieces of active service was the arrest of the secession legisla- ture of Marjdand at Frederick and in October the company to which Mr. Hayter belonged went to Bolivar to seize a quantity of grain and were attacked by a force under Colonel Ashby, driving 1,600 men and holding them until re- inforcements arrived. In the spring the regi- ment was attaclied to tlie corps of General Banks and went to the valley of Shenandoah, and Mr. Hayter was in the battle at Winchester and in the famous retreat of Banks which occupied from Friday until Sunday night, June 6th. Soon after Mr. Hayter received his dis- charge. On one occasion, while in the service, he alone captured three rebels, including a gen- eral, a colonel and another officer who were in disguise. His bravery in this affair was recog- nized and acknowledged by Colonel Ruger and other otticers. After receiving his discharge, he returned to Wisconsin and located at Osh- kosh where he resided eight years and removed to Shawano in 187o, where he engaged in lum- bering. He has served two terms as Mayor of Shawano and is on the retired list, the injury he sustained in the army preventing his engag- ing in active labor. He was married to Rebecca Craig in 1862 at Oshkosh and their two children are named Harry C. and Hattie S. The former is a clerk and the latter a teacher. Grace, Nellie and William are dead. Mr. Hayter was formerly married in Detroit, Mich., to Harriett Finnej^ ^ho died in 1854, and about the same time their only child, Seymour, also died. Mr. Hayter is an upright man of genial character and is highly esteemed in his generation. *-i»t> *^>t>^^<5«f-».^5»f-« lp3\ETER BERG, a prominent cit ^I r^ . Wausau, Wis., was born Se citizen of jr^-. "", ■■"-•, —■■ Sept. 10, ]^p" 1832, in Nittel, Rhine Province, Prus- sia, of ])arents who belonged to the better classes, the family of his mother being connected with commercial interests there and his father being a gentleman of leisure with landed privileges common to the class of which he was a member. The son was educated in the schools of his country, and in 1849 he came to America with his mother and a brother, (William,) having already two brothers and a sister in this country. He spent a year with his brother John ui Buffiilo and came to Wis- consin to visit relatives who had located on farms in Fond du Lac county in the fall of 1846. He returned to Buffalo, and in the au- tumn of 1852, he set out for California on the overland route. He remained there, mining until November, 1855 and started to return on the Pacific. The vessel ran into port at Cape St. Lucas to take water. The crew and pas- sengers were taken prisoners, (126 in number) by myrmidons of the contending factions, stripped to shirt and drawers and taken to La Paz, where they were held six weeks. They were put aboard their own vessels, taken across 428 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF the gulf to Sail Bias and, two daj's after marched sixty miles to Tepee, the capital of Xalisco. Tliere the Spanish ladies brought them shoes, but thej^ were too small and the native shoemakers made sandals for them from hides. The trip across the Californiaii gulf was onlj' 72 miles but a calm extended the time of passage to 25 days, and they suffered from want of food, living part of the time on soup made from dried beef, thickened with the maggots which had taken up tiieir abode therein. They marched to the city of Mexico and were thrown into prison. John Forsyth, American minister, exerted every means to secure their liberty, but for months, their hardships were indescribable and only 56 survived to return to the States in February, 1857. Mr. Berg again set his feet on the soil of the United States in New Orleans, and proceeded to St. Louis to enlist in the United States army, Feb. 23, 1857. He en- rolled in C Troop, 1st Cavalry and was assigned to the civil engineering expedition under Joe. F. Johnston, (afterwards in the rebel service) for the survey of the southern boundary of Kansas, the line being establisiied from the southeast to the southwest corner, commenc- ing at Spring River Valley in Missouri, and terminating at the Raccoon Mountains at the southwest. On the return, the Indian coun- try, now Oklaluima, was explored for the first time and Company Q\ went to Fort Leavenworth and scouted on the border, camp- ing in the field nearly all the time. In early spring they started for Utah, where Sidney Johnston was military governor, the cavalry commanded Ijy General Harnej^ and the 6th cohimn, to which C Troop was assigned, being under Major Emery. They went to Cotton- wood Creek, a small tributary of the Platte, 100 miles from Fort Kearney in Nebraska, whence they scouted through the Indian Territory and south to the Arkansas River, until a return to Fort Leavenworth was ordered. Before setting out, a council was held with the Indians at Walnut Creek, in which the Comanches took part. The troops left the council and started for Tur- key creek after water and soon after the In- dians captured a party of traders. A scout re- calling the cavalry, they returned and an In- dian chief called Pawnee, was shot by Lieuten- ant Bayard (killed at Chancellorsville), and the first overland mail came up. An escort was sent to Pawnee Fork, where it was ascertained an Indian slaughter had been committed, and Indian depredations through New Mexico com- menced in earnest. All that could be done Ijy the troops through the winter was to escort the overland mails, no forage being obtainable. The summer of 1859 was passed in scouting after Indians. In the winter Company C built Fort Wise, (named for the Governor of Virgi- nia of John Brown notoriety) in Kansas, and scouted as usual. When the war with the South had been inaugurated, the United States troops were ordered home and, they started in winter for a- march of 660 miles for Fort Leavenworth. The route through drifted snow with scanty provisions was a severe experience and connection with the fort was made Dec. 24, 1861, where new ecjuip- ments were received by the worn out and half famished soldiers. Company C started for Washington and there Mr. Berg re-enlisted, not taking his veteran's privilege of a furlougli. The regular service being entirely reorganized, his regiment became 4th United States Cav- alry and was assigned to the Army of the Ohio. The regiment fought at Shiloh and went thence to Huntsville, Ala., marched thence to Louisville and back to Perry ville. The regiment being newly .assigned to the Army of the Cumberland, it was in the battle of Stone River and in the chase after rebels at TuUahoma and at Winchester, afterwards at Chickamauaga, Mission Ri)18, was married to Elizabeth Shane. He was a soldier in 1812, serving as captain of a company of Ohio militia. He went to Stark county, Ohio, in 1815 where he died June 1st, 1845. William R. Alban, his son, father of Samuel Alban, was born June 8, 1814, and was reared to manhood on his father's farm. He was married Sep. 5, 1837, to Rachel, daughter of Stephen Harris, a pioneer settler of Stark county, Ohio. After his marriage he engaged in the business of a tanner and currier in which he_was interested until 1853, when he removed to Hancock county, Ohio. He turned his at- tention to educational matters and during his remaining residence in Ohio he operated as a teacher. In April 18()1, he removed to Plover, Wis. He was Superintendent of schools in Portage county, Wis., and officiated a number of years as County Judge. Mr. Alban of tiiis sketch accompanied his par- ents to Wisconsin. When he was 17 years old he engaged in teaching in Ohio and with the ex- ception of several intervals was engaged in that occupation until 1882. He was interested in the progress of the war throughout the first months of its existence and enlisted July 15, 1861, in Company H, Gtli Wisconsin Infantry at Madison. His command proceeded to Wash- ington where it was assigned to the command of General Rufus King. (See sketch.) By or- der of General King he was transferred in Sep- tember following to Company G, 5th Wisconsin and December 31st was transferred to Company I, 18th Wisconsin Infantry. While in the 18th he was in the battle of Pittsburg Landing, Jack- son, Cbami)ion's Hill, Big Black River and Vicksburg. In September he went to Chatta- nooga and was in the action at MLssion Ridge. He was stationed with his regiment at AUa- toona Pass and was in the Atlanta campaign with Sherman until August 4, 1804, when he was discharged on account of the expiration of his term. He was wounded at Pittsburg Land- ing and taken prisoner. He was captured on the field April 6, 1862, and was held prisoner of war at Mobile, Tuscaloosa, Montgomery and Macon until October 19th following. May 22, 1863, he was wounded at Vicksburg. He had two brothers in the service. William H. Alban enlisted in 1871 in Company G, 5tli Wisconsin Infantry and was transferred to Company G, 18tli Wisconsin; was made 1st Lieutenant Nov. 24, 1862, and was mortally wounded May 22nd at Vicksburg and died from his wounds, June 1, 1863, at Mempliis, Tenn. Milton L. Alban enlisted in the 3rd Wisconsin Cavalry and served his terra. He died May 16, 1879, of consumption. Since 1882 Mr. Alban has not been engaged as a teacher. He was married Sep. 22, 1872, to Mrs. Lina E. Steward, of Buena Vista, Portage county. Wis. Her father, Jacob Steward, was born in Bradford, Penn., October 17, 1827 ; he was a soldier of the civil war and resides at PERSONAL RECORDS. 431 Bueua Vista. His wife, Phoebe Maria (Mid- daugh) Steward, was born Nov. 28, 1830, at Ithaca, New York, and is still living. Mr. Al- ban's father is 74 years old and resides at Plover, where his mother died .Jan. I'.i, 1888. Five children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. All)an as follows:— Ray M., May 16, 1873; Earl C, March 14, 1875; Charles H., Jan. 23, 1877, Floyd L., Oct. 6, 1878; Sibyl L. C, July 8, 1882. HARLES H. JONES, of Menominee, Mich., a member of G. A. R. Post No. 2(;6, is a veritable Green Moun- tain bo}'', having been born at East Randolph, Orange Co., Vermont, April 13, 1845. His parents, Daniel and Clari-ssa (Hibbard) Jones, were born in Vermont and of old fami- lies in the State. The father of the senior Jones was a captain in the State militia and /ti,s father was interested in lumber business in the earliest history of New England. George Hibbard, one of the ancestors of the mother was a judge, and lived at Chelsea, Vt. A brother of hers, Ezekiel Hibbard, was a soldier in the Mexican war and enlisted from Vermont. He was never heard from alter proceeding to the scene of activities. Mr. Jones was six years old when he accom- panied his parents to Wisconsin and was a resi- dent at Menasha, Wis., and enlisted from there. He had received a good education and pa.ssed a year at Lawrence University at Appleton He taught school a year before going to the war, which change ni his educational plans was caused by impaired health. When he w^as 19 he determined to enlist, as recruiting was slow and the pressing need of men to protect what progress had been made and to permit skilled soldiers to leave unimportant points was appar- ent. Mr. Jones enrolled in I Company, 41st Wisconsin Infantry, hundred days men, and was made Corporal on the organization of the regiment. The command went to Memphis to camp and was assigned to the 3rd Brigade to perform railroad and picket guard duty to re- lieve veterans for more active business. The active work in which Mr. Jones had a taste of the true meaning of warfare, was in the dash made by Forrest on Memphis when some mis- chief was done to another regiment also sta- tioned there. The 41st returned to Wisconsin on the expiration of its term and soon after was mustered out. The hundred days men each received from the President a certihcate of appreciation of their prompt response to his call for the special duty on which tliey were detailed. Mr. Jones received one of these from the authorities of the United States. On his return to his home, he was placed in charge of the sawing department in the spoke and hub factory of his father in which position he operated one year. At the end of that time, he commenced a year of study at Ripon Col- lege, and his health again became impaired, necessitating a trip to the North of Wisconsin; he proceeded afterwards to Minneapolis wliere he passed one summer. He returned home and again assumed charge of the same department in his father's business, which poor health again compelled him to abandon. In 1868, he went to Menominee and engaged with Hewitt, Buel & Porter, taking charge of their sawmill relations and interests, remaining as a paid operator for a year. At the expiration of that time, he entered into an arrangement to run the property by the thousand. The style of the business then became C. H. Jones & Co. In 1873, the following year, the firm became embarrassed and business was suspended. He had labored five years in Menominee in the hardest manner, and he went thence to Dexter- ville with $26 in bis possession, as representing all he bad. At Dexterville, he went to work for Hewitt & Syme, managers and owners of a barrell stave factory. He remained with them at a salary of $700 a year for a period of seven months and, announcing Ins intention to with- draw from their service, he was offered a quar- ter interest to remain, Ijut declined. He re- turned to his old home at Menasha and for two years operated an old sawmill with water power. He then went back to Menominee and contracted witli the Kirby Carpenter (Jo. to fur- nish them 3,500,000 feet of logs and afterwards he was associated witli Burton Ramsay of Men- asha, for whom he had transacted business pre- viously. A year later, the firm of Ramsay & Jones was formed and they secured the mill of the first company in which he was concerned at Menominee, and he again found himself on the tide of active business life as a manufac- turer of lumber. The firm has been in exis- tence since 1879 and is considered one of the most substantial and reliable in this section of the country. Their annual output is about 432 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OP 15,000,000 feet. They now have a fine steam mill with all the best and latest appliances, a large store with a fine stock of goods suited to their trade and are carrying on a general busi- ness in lumber and sale of lumber and mer- chandise. Mr. Jones was married June 25, 1872, to Frances M. Tobey, a lady from the State of New York. Her parents, Gibbs and Harriet (Finch) Tobey, were also natives of the same State to whicii the}' belonged as well by ances- tral descent as by birth. ■•-^>t^-T>t^. i^*i:f-:<^*«f-c 2SAAC H. GRIFFITH, of New London, Wis., a member of G. A. R. Post No.46, was born in Silver Lake, Susquehanna Co., Pennsylvania, Oct. 24, 1845. He is tiie son of -lonatlian S. and Mercy Ann (How- ard) Griffith, and both parents were born in Susquehanna county. Pbilip, a brother, died in infancy. A sister, Sarah, married Milain Steadwell, and died in 1872, leaving a son and a daughter. Another sister was named Catherine. Mr. Griffith pa.s.sed his boyhood in his native place, and when he was 18 years old he went to Binghamton, New York, and en- listed in the SDth New York Infantry, in K Company, enrolling Jan. 4, 1864, for three years. He was discharged Aug. 3, 1865, at Richmond, Va. He joined the regiment as a recruit soon after enlisting, and was at Folly Island, S. C, in winter quarters. He was at- tacked with diarrhea and was sent to the hos- pital at Hilton Head, April 16th, to remain four days. On the 26th he went with the command on board the "Blackstone" for Vir- ginia and landed at Gloucester Point, returning thence to West Point. He was engaged in skirmishing and raiding for some time and, later, went up the James River to City Point. On the 6th of May he marched five miles and three on the next, and his regiment commenced throwing up fortifications at Bermuda Hun- dred. In tlie action of tbat day on the Wel- don railroad the division (18tli Corps) lost 200 in killed and wounded. The movement was repeated several days in succession, and on the 9tli of May 50 men were lost. On the next daj' the same number were lost in an attack on a masked battery. May 11th another skirmish took place; May 13 another skirmish with loss occurred and tlie command arrived within seven miles of Richmond. On the 14tli they captured 60 prisoners and the company passed tliat niglit on picket. May 15th they supported a battery and were driven from their trendies by the rebels. May 30th the regiment went down the river and their vessel went aground at Jamestown, Va., the site of the first church built by the colo- nists in the New World. On the next day the command was transferred to Fortress Monroe on ferry boats and thence to White House Landing. June 1st orders were received to march on the following day to Cold Harbor. At 12 o'clock that night they left their train of ambulances on which the trip had been made and passed the 4th in the trenches, where four men were wounded. On the 5th the firing was heavy and Charles Lawson, the cousin of Mr. Griffith, was wounded in his forehead. Mr. Griffith was beside aud rolled him over ex- pecting to find him dead, but he was only in- sensible and was taken to the hospital. Tlie same ball glanced and struck Henry Aldrich, the half brother of Mr. Griffith, in the breast, who thought himself wounded but was mistaken. The bullet, whicii was recovered, was covered with the hair of the man who was first hit and the missile was given to Mr. Lawson, who now has it. June 11th Mr. Griffith was on picket at Cold Harbor, stationed 30 rods from the rebel lines, with incessant firing, but no bad re- sults. On the 12th the place was evacuated and the regiment maclied to White House Lauding on the 13th. June 15th they went up tlie Ap- pommattox River aud were detailed to skirmish in front of Petersburg. They captured a fort with five guns. Two days after one man was killed and five wounded, and the command was within three miles of the city. On the 17tii they went to the rear and on the next were in a heavy action. The heat was inten.se and Mr. Griffiith nearly suffered sunstroke. The Lieut.-Colonel, England, was killed that day. June 20th a return to Bermuda Hundred was made and on the next they went again to Pe- tersburg. Marching to the front, the dead were found lying in great numbers in front of the line and as the burials could not take place before the night of the 23rd after dark, the stench was dreadful. About that time the companies wei"e consolidated and the regiment was assigned to the 24tli Corps, 1st Brigade and 1st Division. •-^ '9 tSS P 2. &t^^. SB. 3. a^o-^^t^. 3. e. 3c. j^k^ut. 0. e^jvi. <£'. <2/l. (PAc..W^te4. (HAc.^. S. SP^-y^dt^ '»^«^^^tf5«^H.<5«f-.■ •>T OHN UTTER, of Peshtigo, Wis., formerly a soldier in the civil war, was born Aug. 4, 1844, in Canada, and he is the son of John and Eliza Ann (Bowen) Utter. He went from the Dominion to Michigan and enlisted at Elkhart Aug. 7, 1862, for three years in Company K, 22nd Michigan Lifan- try. The regiment was assigned to the Army of the Cumberland alid Mr. Utter was in several actions in which his regiment was engaged and in the battle of Chickamauga. Sep. 20, 1863, he was taken prisoner. It is acknowledged that Chickamauga was the hard- est fought and bloodiest battle of the Rebellion, all things considered. He was conveyed with- out food or comfort of any kind to Virginia and confined consecutively in the Pemberton ware- house in the city of Richmond and went to Danville, to Andersonville, Charleston and Florence. He endured the indignities, the cruelties, the hunger and all the privations and miseries infiicted by the outlaws of the rebel- lion on the Union soldiers "and, when he had been a prisoner of war 15 months, he was paroled Dec. 13, 1864, and received final dis- charge from the service .June 26, 1865, at Nash- ville, Teiin. At the time of his capture, he weighed 150 pounds and when he left Florence and reached the Union lines, his weight was 92 pounds ; while in prison he suHered from gangrene in the third toe, received treatment from a physician twice and, finally, to save his life, amputated his toe himself with a dull and rusty jackknife. Mr. Utter married Ada Elmira Phillips, and they resided at Peshtigo at the time of the fire, in which Mrs. Utter and her two children were burned to death. The children were named John and Eliza Ann, the former being a little less than two years old and the latter two months old at the time of their deaths. Mr. Utter married for his second wife Sylvia C. Phillips, aunt of his first wife, and she died April 3(J, 1883, leaving one child named Clif- ford Stanley. In January, 1887, Mr. Utter was married to Lovinia (Didinan) Pettitt. The father of the mother of Mr. Utter was a soldier in the war of 1812; his grandmother, Mrs. Bowen, was the niece of General Andrew Jack- son. s»^^<5*f-*<=«f- li^HOMAS GREENE. This name will 1^ represent for many generations one ' I who fullilled to the letter every re- lation to his fellow-men. He is a retired clergyman of the Episcopal Church, re- sident at Wausau, Wis. Mr. Greene was lioru at Atherstone, War- wickshire, England, and came to America with his parents when 14 years old. He had atten- ded the grammar school in his native place and studied Latin. His father located in Belle- ville, New Jersey, where he pursued the avo- cations common to a gentleman of means and leisure and educated his sons. He was more than 40 years old when, through the advice and assistance of Bishop Doane, the celebrated divine of the Episcopal Church, located at Bur- lington, New Jersey, he came to the mission 434 SOLDIERS ALBUM OF school at Neshota, Wis., and studied theology, with the intention of spending his life in the advancement of his Church interests in the West. He was graduated as Bachelor of Divin- ity in 1853 and within the same year was or- dained deacon hy Bishop Kemper. In the year following, he took priestly orders. He passed three months in mission work in Green Lake county and managed seven stations under direction of Bishop Kemper. He went next to Stevens Point and from there acted as a mis- sionary in the Wisconsin pineries until IS.')"), when he was made rector of the Church of In- tercession at Stevens Point. There he estab- lished a parish school and spent week days in the distribution of prayer-books and Testa- ments, holding mission services at various points in the county, contending with all the difficulties pertaining to a pioneer condition of the country wliich was infested with wolves and traversed by wandering Indians. He en- countered the vicissitudes incident to the pio- neer condition, rising at night to go long dis- tances :o administer to the sick and dying, and frequently baj^tising in the midst of the night. He officiated as a clergyman in the various settlements which were reached by trails and, after his removal to Wausau in 1858, repeated his experiences. On the Fourth of July, 1853, he was to have delivered a patriotic oration on the banks of Green Lake and started to travel to that place, when he lost his path and was obliged to climb a tree in which he passed the night to prevent the wolves taking more than a wholesome interest in his forlorn state. He resumed his journey the next morning and arrived at Green Lake "a day too late." At Wausau he was instrumental in erecting a large frame building for a church, which was blown to the ground in 1863. In 1860 Mr. Greene became rector of Trinity Church in Monroe, Mich., where he became prominent in the good works pertaining to his priesthood, and ills labors among the suffering and desti- tute in the vicinity of the city made him a sub- ject of popularity that resulted in his appoint- ment as Chaplain of the 7th Michigan Infan- tr}', his commission bearing date, April 18, 1864, at Lansing and being signed by Governor Austin Blair of Jackson. The regiment had won distinguished honors at South Mountain, where the title of " Stonew'all Regiment" was earned. Mr. Greene made connection with the Wilderness and was in all the actions from May 9th, including the wilderness battles, Spotsylvania, the movement on the Rapidan, at Chancellorsville, Weldon railroad, Pegram's Farm, North Anna, Bethesda Church, Cold Harbor, at the Crater at Petersburg, Reams' Station, Poplar Spring Church, Hatchers' Run, and Fort Steadman. At Cold Harl)or he was hit by a minie ball in the left hip from the ef- fects of which the limb is wasted. He was dis- charged June 3, 1865. He went from Wasliington to Newark, New Jersey in impaired health and he was under surgeon's care until the following fall. In October he was appointed as missionary to Se- dalia and Fayette, Mo., by Bishop Hawks of Missouri and he discharged his duties there until March, 1807. Returning in that month to Wausau, be became Superintendent of Schools for the county, retaining the position until 1884. He was also rector of his old par- ish of St. John in the Wilderness during that period and was a factor in the erection of the church edifice. He presented a set of windows and for tiiat ])urpose sacrificed several valuable paintings and he also supplied the carpets and chandeliers. The Society is the only one of its denomination at Wausau and is composed of substantial and reliable members. Mr. Greene has been the father in the church, has bap- tized the communicants and their children .and performed tlieir marriage and burial rites. Samuel Greene and his wife Sarah (Cole) Greene belonged to prominent and well-to-do families in their native land. The former was in the " Fensibles " of wliich the Prince of Wales was the Colonel. The mother is connected with noted families of this country, among them the distinguished Clinton houses of New York and Horatio Seymour. Mr. Greene is one of a family of four sons and four daughters. He has a surviving sister, Mrs. Margaret Youles, a lady prominent in active religious interests at Wausau. She was mar- ried in 1858 to Thomas Youles, a native of England, and related to prominent families at Wausau where he was one of the early settlers. William Greene, a brother, was a clergyman of the Episcopal Church and officiated as tutor in the Warren family at Troy, and also in the same capacity in that of the McKeans of Phil- adelphia. He was rector of a church in Troy and was noted for the benevolent distribution of his am])le means among impoverished parishes. He built an Episcopal Church at PERSONAL RECORDS. 435 service Aurora, 111., which received its outfit of carpets and its furnace from the friends in Troy. Mr. Greene is passing a green old age \n retirement and ilevotes his energies to tlori- culture, in which he lias the success his ettbrts merit. Afler his life of active Christian work he is enjoying its sunset season in the fixed assurance of a future to which he will boar the record of a wellspent and unselfish life. His portrait appears on page 4;32. EV. B. F. ROGERS, pastor of the Uni- versalist Church at Eastville, III., foi-mer Chaplain of the l")th Illinois Volunteer Infantry, entered the from Wauconda, Lake Co., Illinois. He was commissioned Dec. 17, 1802, by Gov- ernor Richard Yates to fill a vacancy, join- ing his command soon after at LaFayette, Tenn. During May and June, 18(j3, he was on detach- ed duty, acting as Chaplain of the officer's hos- pital at Memphis, Tenn., by order of Major- General Hurlburt, as Department Chaplain, U. S. general hospital at Rome, Ga., and from July 1st to Oct. 29th, 1864, by order of General McPherson, as Chuplain of 17th Army Corps hospital. Savannah, Ga., from January 24th, to May 4th, 1805, by order of General Frank P. Blair. Witli the exception of a few days of duty at Nashville, he passed the remainder of his time with his regiment, and was mustered out with the command at Springfield, 111., Sep. 30, 1865. He early noted the unoccupied leisure of sol- diers in camp and and proposed to the mem- bers of his regiment to establish a Lyceum which proved a complete success and in se- (^uence, followed a Normal school for the re- view of higher English and a well-equipped reading-room, with appendages for correspond- ence, both being well sustauied and popular. Also, an efficient choir was organized in the regiment which was supported by a good string band, both assisting in religious services. (The Mempliis Bulletin of ^lay 8, 1863, gave a full ac- count of this work of Mr. Rogers.) It was the only instance recorded when similar work was accomplished and could be done only when the command was in winter (quarters. • The 15th Illinois was mustered into United States service May 24, 18G1, and was tlie first regiment sworn in for the three years service. The aggregate of its marches was 4,209 miles travel by rail and l;y steamer 6,713 miles. It par- ticif)ated in a number of hotly contested actions and is accredited by history with being one of the first military organizations to reach the field at Pittsburg Landing and participated in the final charge of the close of that bloody bat- tle. More "known" dead were buried after the action from the 15tli than from any other. Mr. Rogers was with the regiment through the engagements at Vicksburg and Fort Harrison, La., also at Champion's Hill, Miss. In each he discharged the duties pertaining to his office, sharing the dangers of the heat of action, and assisting in the removal of the wounded, midst whistling balls and bursting shells. At AUa- toona Pass he aided in collecting the wounded, caring for their injuries and burying the dead. Every phase of army life became familiar to him through personal experience; camp, march, lios])ital. battle field, sick, wounded and dying men and the last rites over their places of en- tombment in the soil where they fought and died for the integrity of the Nation — all this became daily routine. Weariness, cold, hunger, thir-st and disease were common to himself and those to whom he niinistered. He advised and encouraged frugality with their hard earnings and he sent North in their behalf about $25,- 000. The Savannah Daily Herald (Ga.) issued March 23, 1865, mentioned the work of Dr. Rogers iu liiat city concluding thus:— Mr. Rogers in known in the army as "the working Chap- lain." Mr. Rogers brought home with him many in- teresting relics of army life and experience among which are a letter written by President Pierce to Jeft' Davis, dated May 21, 1858; a letter from Jim Pemberton, a slave of Davis, written to his master Dec. 26, 1858; several letters writ- ten by a merchant of New York to Mason of "Slidell and Mason" fame, dated during the winter of 1852-3, urging luin to make a move in Congress for tiie purchase of Cuba for a slave State and a bill of sale of a slave dated Rome, Ga., Dec. 26, 1858. It declares the girl Harriet, 25 years old, of dark complexion, to be warranted a slave for life. She brought |800. The letters were taken from the private library of Davis, chief of the confederacy, and presented to Mr. Rogers. He was born July 23, 1831, iu Pierraont, 436 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF Grafton Co., N. H. His father, Caj^t. Charles Rogers, came of old New England stock and was able to trace his lineage to John Rogers, the martyr. His mother was Permelia Ramsey, descended in the maternal line from Hannah Dustin, famed in Anierican history for escape from the Indians, one night in 1693, near Haver- hill, Mass., killing several and escaping torture and deatli herself. The son obtained a common school education in his native place and at Brad- ford Academy, ^'^t. After teaching several terms of public school and in academies East, he came, in the fall of 1855, to Illinois, where he successively man- aged academies at Crystal Lakeaiid Wauconda. In May, 1857, he settled as pastor of the Univer- salist Society at Fox Lake, Wis., where he was regularly ordained Aug. 26, 1858. He has officiated as a minister at Jefferson, Ft. Atkin- son, Whitewater and Oshkosh in Wisconsin ; at Cedar Rapids and Marshalltown, Iowa, and was tliree years Superintendent of Universalist churclies in that State. The first Universalist church erected at Fort Atkinson, those at Whitewater, Oshkosh, Wausau and Lodi, Wis., and at Cedar Rapids, Iowa, were built under the administration of Mr. Rogers, and at Mar- shalltown, Iowa, the society to wJiich he min- istered purchased a church structure of the Episcopalians. He became pastor of the Uni- versalist Church at Wuusau in 1886, and is now (1888) officiating as such at Earlville, Ills. Mr. Rogers is one of six brothers who wore regimental blue in the rebellion. Two brothers enlisted in the Kansas State Militia and three in the " 15th Illinois." Five survivors re- turned in safeuy. George C. was made Colonel of the " 15th " after the battle of Pittsburg Landing, for meritorious conduct on the field, and, when commissioned, was the youngest Colonel in the service. He is now (1888) Chair- man of the Pension Appeals Commission at Washington, D. C. William H. was a private in the 15th and is practicing law at Fort Atkin- son, Wis. Charles served two years in the 2nd Wiscousin Cavalry and afterwards enlisted in a Vermont regiment. James was in the Kan- sas Home Guards and aided in driving Quan- trell from the State. Thomas was in the 2iid Kansas Mounted Infantry and lost his life in Arkansas. The marriage of Mr. Rogers to Elizabetli C. Vedder of Berlin, Wis., took place Oct. 11, 1860. Their children are Anna A., Ellis E., William W., Mary M. and Grace G. The mother was born in Saratoga Co., New York, and came to Wisconsin in childhood with her paients. She was a teacher previous to mar- riage. After the close of the war Mr. Rogers located at Jefferson, Wis., where he established the " Jefferson Liberal Institute ", which was in successful operations some yciu's. Lombard University at Galesburg, 111., conferred on Mr. Rogers the honorary degree of Master of Arts in 1872. His portrait appears on page 432. ■'-^*^''-^>*^^^^'i RTHUR JAMES ^^AN ANDA, Me- nominee, Mich., and a member of f6^V ^'- -^^ ^- P°^^ N"- '•^*^*^' ^^'^^ ^°^'^^ Sept. 13, 1847, at Howard Junction, McHenry Co., Illinois. His parents, Aaron H. and Anna Eliza (Newell) Van Anda, were born near Williamsport, Pa., and the former was a descendant of the Hollanders, who were con- nected with the earliest history of the Keystone State. His grandfather, Peter W. ^'an Anda, was an early settler of Kentucky, and was a comrade of Daniel Boone. The parents of the mother died when she was three years old. When the son was two years old the household removed from Illinois to Epworth, Dubuque Co., Iowa, where lie was reared on a farm, and where he resided until he enlisted in the mili- tary service of the United States. He enrolled at that place April 18, 1864, when he was 16 years old, enlisting in company C, 44th Iowa Infantry, 100 day men, for special service. He received honorable discharge Sept. 1, 1864, at Davenport, Iowa. The regiment went to camp at Davenport, and was sent to the rear of Mem- phis, and later performed guard duty at LaGrange, relieving veterans for more impor- tant service, and tiie command, with others of similar character, discharged the duties for which they were enlisted with credit to them- selves and eftectiveness in the service, for which they received the personal acknowledgement of the President. Mr. Van Anda was in Memphis when Forrest made the raid tliere. He was in the command of Sturgis who made a search for the same un- reliable individual with little results save in the sufferings of his men, th^ camj)aign being mis- managed to an extent that proved more, disas- PERSONAL RECORDS. 437 trous to the troops than actual battle could have been to the soldiers in bis command. This was in June previous to Forrest's raid on Mem- phis where the latter was, when he was searched for elsewhere. At LaGrange, Mr. Van Anda was in the hospital with intermittent fever. After his return to Iowa be wont to Cor- nell College to linish the education, which, it should have been stated, he bad well Ijegun by two years in an academy previous to enlistment. He was graduated thence with honor after four years continuous stud}'. He then engaged as a teacher in Iowa for a time, going later to Michi- gan. He held the position of Superintendent of the graded school at Cascade, Iowa, and at Iron Mountain, Mich. After a period of six years as an educator, he entered-the service of the Chicago & Northwestern railroad as a civil engineer with headquarters at Chicago, and re- mained in that connection one year. His next business was as an operator in real estate at Menominee, and he is now manipulating the lands of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul rail- road corporation. He has acted in that con- nection, with others of similar character for cor- porations and private individuals, for three years. Mr. Van Anda belongs to a race of people who inherited the spirit of their ancestors, the Hollanders. Several of his cousins bearing the same name enlisted in tlie civil war, one of whom, S. G. Van Anda, served as Lieut-Colonel of the 21st Iowa. John A. enlisted in the 12th Iowa, and later in the 44th with his cousin of this narration. James A. Fields, a cousin in the maternal line of descent, enlisted as a re- cruit in the 3rd, and in lS64it was consolidated with the 2nd Iowa, and be served throughout the entire course of the conflict. The portrait of Mr. Van Anda appears on page 432. UGUST F. DUMKE, Manitowoc, Wis., H and a member of G. A. R. Post No. L^^V. IS' "^^^ '^o™ Dec. 8, 1824, at Ros- tin, Prussia. He came to America ^n 1853 and remained in Milwaukee a few months after reaching that place, to which he came direct from New York. He went thence to Manitowoc which has been his home since. He was married in 1851 to Wilbelmina Guhr and brought his family with him to the New World. He enlisted Sept. 21), 1801, in Company B, 9th Wisconsin Infantry at Manitowoc for three years. On the organization of the company he was made its 1st Lieutenant and went to the field as such with the regiment. He was made Captain, May loth following, on the resignation of the former line officer, Frederick Becker, whose career as a civilian and soldier appears on another page. He accompanied his com- mand to Kansas and took part in the fight at Newtonia. Previously he was in several skir- mishes and in actions to disperse Indians who had espoused the relael side. He was once jjlaced under arrest because some of his com- mand had shot several sheep while on a forced march, but his request for a trial by court martial was unheeded and the charge dropped. At Newtonia, where he commanded the com- pany, the regiment was drawn into ambush and suffered severely. A rebel officer was cap- tured and became a warm friend of Captain Dumke, the two whiling away the tedium of camp life by playing chess. Captain Dumke became partially deaf and contracted rheuma- tism from the exposure to which he was sub- jected and his health otherwise becoming so much impaired as to unfit him for active duty in the field, lie tendered bis resignation Nov. i 27, 1862, and received honorable discharge in December. ] He returned to Manitowoc and, as soon as I recruited in health resumed connection with active business life. He is in the employ of the Richards Iron Works as accountant and draughtsman. His portrait may be found on page 432. :7,^^-^ ARL H. SCHMIDT, deceased, for- merly a resident at Manitowoc, Wis., and a soldier of the civil war, was born September 30, 1835, in Lueb- becke, Westphalia, Germany. On coming to America in 1854, he located at Manitowoc, and in 1855 established Der Nord- Westen, a German weekly newspaper, which he conducted until he entered the army for the Union. He en- listed September 6, 1861, in Company B, 9th Wisconsin Infantry, at Manitowoc, ajid was made 1st Sergeant on the organization of his company. Jan. 1, 1863, he was commissioned 488 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF 2iid Ijieutenant of Company G and was after- wards transferred to Company F. May 1 1, 1864, he was made 1st Lieutenant of ('ompany F and, August 31st following, was made Cap- tain and was discharged Dec. o, 1864, on the expiration of his period of service. Captain Schmidt was engaged with his regnnent in all its experiences throughout three years of service, and was in the fights at Newtonia, Cane Hill, Prairie Grove, and in numherle.ss other varieties of .service which receive neither recognition nor mention in history or dis- l)atclies. At the time of the Red River ex- pedition he was acting as quartermaster and was in charge of the supply depot at Little Rock, Ark. When the news of the retreat and the starved condition of the troops was received, Capt. Schmidt started out with a supply train and met the regiment to relieve the wants of the men just after the battle at Jenkins Ferry. On his return to Manitowoc, he resumed his connection with journalism and was actively engaged in pushing the interests of the German newspaper which he had founded. In 1869, he was elected member of the As- sembly of Wisconsin from his District, and in 1870 and 1872 was elected to the State Senate. He served in both capacities with distinction to himself and credit to the judgment of his constituency. In 1885, he was elected County Judge of Manitowoc county in which he served until his death, Jan. 7, 1888. He is survived by his wife and five children — Emil, C. Otto, Carl, Arthur and Walter. The record of Judge Schmidt is one that supplies an evidence of the i|uality of the spirit with which he sustained his relations to the affairs of his adopted country in peace and war. He was liberally educated in his native country and broitght to tliis country his abilities ami ambitions, which he exercised in the avenues best calculated to incorporate him with our in- -stitutions and the element to which he was allied by birth and kinship. His portrait is presented on page 432. USTAVUS A. CHANDLER, of Me- ^ nominee, Mich., member of G. A. R. Post No. 266, (Lyon) was born in Freedom, Penobscot Co., Maine, Sep. 1840, and is the son of Alden and Mary (Sinclair) Chandler, both of whom were natives of the Pine Tree State with ancestral stock of Revolutionary renown. The son was seven years old when he was brought to Wiscon- sin l)y his father, his motiier being deceased. They resided in Racine two years, removing thence to Escanaba, where Mr. Chandler was a resident until 1857, when he went to Menomi- nee for the first time, remaining there a year and removing thence to Manistee, Mich. He had been occupied, after arriving at a suitable age, in saw mill work until 185'J. In tliat year he was employed on a tug on the lake and filled the situation two years. On the first call for troops for the suppression of the rebellion he resolved to enlist, lieing just of age. In Au- gust, 1861, he enrolled in a regiment that made a record second to none that fought in the civil war — the 37th Illinois. He enlLsted in I) Company and rendezvoused at Camp Fry, go- ing thence to Benton Barracks, St. Louis, pre- paratory to joining the command of Fremont. That general was conducting operations in Missouri and the soldiers of the 37th were in the actions in the vicinity of Booneville and Sedalia, and went to take part in the action at Springfield, making forced marches which tested the endurance of the regiment. The regiment, it should have been stated, went out under C'olonel, afterwards, General -Julius White, who was succeeded by General Barnes. The captain of D Company was Jolin Lambier, and the Major of the command was Charles Black, who succeeded Colonel Barnes, the lat- ter having been placed under arrest for refus- ing to obey an inhuman order to march the regiment back after a forced march to Cass- ville of unmitigated hardship, when the men were too exhausted to even stand. The com- mand passed the winter of 1861-2 on the flats of the Lamine, and in the spring went to Springfield to find that Price had evacuated the place and the 37th was constantly on forced marches and skirmishing with the rear-guard of the wily rebel chief. Preparations were soon after in progress for the battle known to history as Pea Ridge. The 37th was in the first line of battle when' the attack was made by Van Dorn and the company lost 22 men in the first broadside. After the fight was over,* the command went to Cassville and passed the summer, December 7th the regiment again distinguished itself in the fight at Prairie Grove and is especially mentioned in connection there- PERSONAL RECORDS. 439 with as achieving renown at the former battle. Tlie 37tli with tive others, three batteries and a cavalry regiment, with one company of another cavalry regiment, made a forced march that should of itself occupy a conspicuous page of history. Only the 37th Illinois and 2Gth In- diana preserved their organization and came to their destination in regular military order, the men composing the others arriving in squads, singly, and as they could that night and in the day following. (Another forced march in which the oTtli was conspicuous was in July following, when they wont 35 miles in seven hours to relieve Major Hubbard, hemmed in and confined in the court house at Neosho, Mo. They accomplished their work and returned to the brigade.) In April Mr. Chandler was in a fight at Cape Girardeau and went thence with his regiment to Vicksburg, skirmishing all the the way there and in July Avent to the capture of Yazoo City, the command going on the gun- boats under Lieutenant Walker and had the satisfaction again of participating in a com- plete success. The next movement of import- ance was to New Orleans on transports and in September they went to Morganzia Bend, where the detachment sustained a sharp attack^ from the rebels and returned to New Orleans, [n March, 1864, the regiment went to Texas and at Eagle Pass on the Rio Grande engaged in a skirmish with the rebels. They returned to Brownsville and remained until the expira- tion of their terra of service when they went to Chicago to be released from military obliga- tions. On returning to Menominee Mr. Chandler became connected with his former business on a tug and is now captain of the Menomi- nee, connected with the fire service of the city. The machine is a most efficient branch of the department and throws five streams of water. Frederick, a brother of Mr. Chandler, was an enlisted man of the 3rd Michigan Infantry ; he died in the summer of 1888. Another, Thomas Jefferson, belonged to the Missouri militia and afterwards to the Missouri Home Guards, who saw as much service in the reconstruction oi his State as in other variety of warfare. Ed- win, another brother, went into the service from Maine and served at the head of a company. Mr. Chandler was married Jan. 6, 1870, to Liz- zie Smith and their only child is named War- ren Raymond. The mother died in 18S0. She was a native of Wisconsin. Her brothers, John and Henry, enlisted in Wisconsin regi- ments, and the latter was killed in action. Mr. Chandler's portrait appears on page 432. y^Y^ HARLES T. PENDLETON, of Oconto, Wis., capitalist, was born Marcli 5, 1829, near St. Andrews, New Bruns- wick, and is the son of Joshua and Rosannah Pendleton. His fatlier was born in New Brunswick and died at the age of 77 years. His grandfather, Thomas Pendleton, was born in Maine. The mother was a native of Belfast, Maine, and died when 66 years old. She was the daughter of Stephen Pendleton, who was born also in Belfast and married Dorcas Dodge. She represented ancestors who fought in the Revolution and in 1812. Four of the sisters of Mr. Pendleton are living. Prudence married Charles Ellis of Boston, who died about 1873. Emily married John McPherson of Boston, a ship builder, who died in 1862. Annie mar- ried William Miles of Boston and resides at Whitewater, Wis. Rosannah married Captain •John Holmes of Denver, Colorado. Two brothers are deceased. James Franklin died in infancy. Joshua Brooks was lost on the Oconto River Oct. 8th, 1856, at the age of 21 years. He started from the Falls to go to town, a distance of 12 miles, and was never again heard from. Mr. Pendleton was educated in the common schools of his native province and was engaged in farming until he became interested in the coast fishing business, which he followed on the coast of Maine until he decided to try his fate and fortune in the West. He came to Wiscon- sin in 1849 and landed at Milwaukee, Septem- ber 20th. After a few days of delay there he went to Berlin and worked about two months on the Fox River. He then engaged in service on the Wolf River in wliich he was occupied two years. He then came to Oconto where he was employed a year and engaged in lumber- ing in his own behalf and has pursued it in all its varied relations since that date. In 1859 he constructed his present elegant and commodious home in one of the best locations in the city. He was married Sept. 13, 1855, to Almeda Lindsay of Oconto. She was born in Maine 440 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF and removed to Mendota, 111., w'ith her parents in childhood. There are eight children be- longing to the Pendleton liousehold. Their names are Ira B., diaries Irving, Nettie, Frank R., Clara, Curtis, Harley J. and Laura Alineda. Nettie is the wife of John Sheridan, who is associated with lier father in business, and is also a merchant. Ira B. married Jennie Tiiompson and is the business associate of his fatlier; their son is named Charles T. C. Irving married TilUe Grunert and tlieir daughter is named Edith ; he is also in partnership with liis father. The portrait of Mr. Pendleton is on page 432. ILLIAM J. EMPEY, resident pro- prietor of the " Empey House " at Wausau, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post, Lysander Cutr ler, No. 55, at the same place, was born Feb. 20, 1817, in Cornwall, Canada. His parents, Adam and Nancy (Putnam) Empey, left Can- ada for the State of New York when he was in early childhood and he passed the years of his minority in the Empire State. On attaining his majority he went to Ohio where he remain- ed about one year. At the expiration of that time he came to Wisconsin and located at or near Janesville. He acted as teamster for his brother-in-law, Charles McMillan, and drove a team of horses from tlie Buckeye State to Wis- consin, the family accompanying him in their permanent reihoval hence. He was occupied in that vicinity at his business — that of a slioe- maker — until the country was convulsed by civil war and business relations in a disturbed condition. He enlisted Dec. 20, 1861, in H Company, ord Wisconsin Cavalry at Stevens Point, Wis., for three years. On the organization of his command, Feb. 15, 1862, he was made Ser- geant. He remained in the service until the full expiration of his term of enlistment and, with the non-veterans went to Madison where he was discharged Feb. 14, 1865. On arrival at Leavenworth where it was or- dered to report after being mustered in, the 3rd Cavalry was di.stributed at various points in Kansas, on provost duty. Companies H and B were left for the defense of Fort Leavenworth and performed much valuable service there in ridding the surrounding country of bush- whackers, and in the protection of Union families. Tlie company remained there until May, 1863, when, with four other com- panies of the same regiment, the command proceeded to Fort Blunt, the detail being under C'aptain Stout of H Company, to act as escort for the post supply train. Four miles from their destination a force of Texans and renegade Indians attacked them and were repulsed. In June the experience was repeated witliout similar results. In June and July there was more of the same kind of business and in every encounter with thereliels save one tiie cavalry were conquerors. Company H fought at Honey Springs, July ITtli, at Newtonia, Sep- tember 30th and at Cane Hill, Nov. 27th. In October, 1864, tlie company went into winter quarters at Little Rock, Arkansas, and in Feb- ruary, Mr. Empey returned to Wisconsin. He mentions the engagements of Camp Springs and at Dardanelle, in Arkansas as among those in which he was a participant, wiiere there was good service accomplished in dispersing bush- wliackers and guerrillas. After the war he worked at his trade as a shoemaker in various places until 1881, when he took possession of the hotel in which he is now (1888) operating. He is still suffering from the effects of an injury received in the war from the fall of a bale of hay on his shoulder. He was married in 1847 to Amelia Black- man in Union, Wis. Three of their children are living. Two of the sons are members of the Order of the "Sons of Veterans." The names of his living children are Adel- bert J.; William Harry and Emily Maria. Tliese are the children of Amelia (Blackmail) Empey, who died in 1859. Mr. Empey was again married Feb. 22, 1860, to Cornelia Bond and their surviving children are named Alexander F., Lottie P., Albert Otis, and Adam De Forrest. The mother was born in Broome Co., New York, and is the daughter of Thomas and Charlotte (Brown) Bond. Her only brother, F. S. Bond, was a Wisconsin sol- dier. Her maternal great uncles, Jacob and Ellis Conklin, fouglit in the Revolution and in 1812. Roscoe Conklin belonged to the same family connection. Emily married James Has- kin of Wausau and they are the proud parents of two pairs of twins; the first are named Robert PERSONAL RECORDS. 441 and Madge, the second Hallie and Harry. Their otlier cliildren are named William,. James and Myrtle. Adelbert J. is married to Florence Bump. Alexander married Florence Streeter and their children are named Edith and Harold .Jerome. Lottie P. married E. D. Neff and their son is named Harley J. The portrait of Mr. Empey appears on page 432. NDREW A. KERN, of lCaukauna,Wis., ^ was born December 10, 1S44, in the city of New York. He is the son of Barnard Kern, a German by birth, who removed to Wisconsin with his family in 1846. The first residence of the little house- hold was at Milwaukee, and soon after, a re- moval to Germantown, Waslungton county, was effected, and there the father entered upon the occupation of a farmer. Later he sold his prop- erty there and bought a farm at Herman, Dodge county, on which he is still a resident. The son was bred to the calling of his father and continued in that avenue of lousiness until the date of the civil war, when he felt impelled to enter military life, like so many of the race -of which he is a descendant and who made so im- portant a part of the military body in the time of the National danger. He enlisted Oct. 11, 1861, when approaching his 17th birthday, in G Company, 9tli Wisconsin Infantry, for three years, enrolling at Milwaukee. He was ten- dered a position as a noncommissioned staff of- ficer, but declined and was discharged with honor Dec. 3, 18()4, his term of service having expired. The 9th Wisconsin was essentially a German regiment and was organized at Camp Sigel, Milwaukee. Late in .January, 1862, the regi- ment went to Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, to pro- ceed thence to take part in the "Southwestern Expedition" which, came to naught after the regiment had made a march of 160 miles to Fort Scott. The command was then transferred to the Army of Arkansas and in June moved to the neighborhood of Baxter's Springs in Mis- souri. In tlie last days of the same month an expedition into the Indian country was contem- plated, when the command was again trans- ferred to the Army of the Frontier. September 29, 1862, G Company, witli D, E and H, a de- tachment of artillery and a squad of cavalry made tlie charge which is named in history as the battle of Newtonia. November 28, Mr. Kern was in the ac;tion at Cane Hill, in Arkan.sas, and returned from there with his company to Rheas' Mills of which they had taken possession pre- viously and were running for the benefit of the soldiers and their animals. December 7th he was again in service of active character at Prairie Grove. March 23, 1864, the command left their camp at Little Rock to connect with General Banks' projected Red River expedition. Early in April, Mr. Kern was successively iu the skirmishes at Terre Noire (Witherspoon- ville), Elkins Ferry, Poison Springs (April 15th), Prairie d'Ane (April 17th), and at Jenkins Ferry on the last day of tlie month. In the last named encounter, Mr. Kern was wounded and was mentioned in the dispatches. He was hit in tlie left thigh l)y a l)ullet and was taken to the field hospital. Thence he was removed to Pine Bluff, Ark., and later, was transferred to the general hospital at Little Rock, where he continued under treatment until the expiration of his time. He returned to Wisconsin hope- lessly lamed. At Witherspoonville, he was slightly injured in his right shoulder but did not quit the ranks. When leaving Fort fiCaven- worth for the frontier he was attacked with a lung difliculty which disabled him for six weeks. He then rejoined his regiment and went to Fort Scott, thence to Fort Gibson and on the return was ill for six weeks with typhoid fever. With these exceptions he was at his post of duty continuously. He returned to Herman, Wis., and was en- gaged in the occupation of a farmer for a year. He then engaged in the business of manufac- turing flour which he pursued until 1878, the date of his removal to Kaukauna. He has been operating there in real estate and in other ave- nues. On the organization of the village of Ledyard he was made a member of the Village Board and when the place became the city of Kaukauna he was elected Alderman of the 3d Ward. In 1886 he represented the municipal- ity on the Board of Supervisors. In 1860 Mr. Kern was married to Barbara Beck, who died March 22, 1876. Sep. 12, 1878, he was again married at Appleton to Matilda Mmkner. Frank Andrew, their only child, was born in 1880. Mrs. Kern was born in Sheboy- gan Co., Wis., and her parents were natives of Hanover, Germany. The grandfather of Mr. 442 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF Kern was a soldier in the Array of the Allies and fouglit under Napoleon. At Waterloo he was with the forces that fought against tlie would he-conqueror of the world. Being a sol- dier in the Bavarian army, he was subject to such changes as were made by his government, without reference to his opinions. The brother of the mother of Mr. Kern, Christian Wendell, was a soldier in the Bavarian Army 18 years and was with Napoleon in the campaign in Russia. The portrait of Mr. Kern appears on-page 432. ■.^!>r:>-J»!^^^«tf5-J»^ -J9»^^^f»C5<--'^*sf-» OHN TOWNS END, a resident of Stevens Point, Wis., and a memher of G. A. R. Post No. 196, at Plainfield, was born Dec. 5, 1841, in Collins, Erie county, New York. Aden Townsend, his father, was a farmer in Erie county, and he died in 1843, at Collins, aged S3 years. His wife, who was Electa Mitchell before marriage, was born March 12, 1816, at Collins, where she was married to Mr. Townsend. In 1846 she married Leonardo Hutchinson, and in 185o removed to Dell Prairie, Wisconsin. Mr. Hutchinson died at that place in 1863, and the mother died on the morning of .July 9, 1888, aged 72 years. She left five sons and two daughters. One daugh- ter died many years ago. Mr. Townsend of this sketch was little more than a year old when his father died, and he accompanied his mother to Wisconsin, and resided in Ids step-father's family until 1856. He was 15 years old when lie took the management of liis fortunes into his own hands, and engaged as a farm assistant and was occupied in agriculture and lumbering until he enrolled as a soldier. Aug. 19, 1864, he enlisted in Company K, 38th Wisconsin Li- fantry, at Kilbourn City, and after remaining in Madison about five weeks joined tlie regiment on the Weldon railroad. Two daj'S after the fight at Hatcher's Run, the regiment built earthworks, and remained in their intrench- inents until November, and during that time were engaged in a raid near llatclier's Run. In November, Mr. Townsend went with tlie regi- ment to their former position opposite Peters- burg, and remained through the winter. He was in the capture of Fort Morgan, and after- wards in all the movements witli whicii his re- giment was connected, and entered Petersburg after the evacuation. He went afterwards to the South Side raih-oad where he assisted in capturing prisoners, and afterwards returned to Petersburg, and thence Northward to Washing- ton, where his regiment was in the front of the colunui down Pennsylvania Avenue in the Grand Parade. He was mustered out June 2, 1865. Mr. Townsend came back to Madison for final discharge, and returned to Dell Prairie, Ailams county, where he engaged in lumbering, and was also occupied in farming in that town until 1880, when he went to Plainfield. He resided there until 1886, engaged in tiie business of a carpenter, and in that j'ear he located in Stevens Point where he is similar!}^ occupied. He was married Dec. 25, 1865, to Mary Jane Jones, of Plainville, Adams county. She was born in Rock county. Wis., March 17, 1846, and was the daughter of Edmond L. and Clarissa E. (Gotf) Jones. She died Jan. 13, 1884, at Plain- field, leaving three children ; — Theodore J. was born April 2, 1869; J. D. L. was born Aug. 22, 1875; Cleo May was born Nov. 21, 1881. Mr. Townsend is a first-class mechanic and an up- right and reliable citizen. B. R. Hutchinson, his half brother, was a soldier in the civil war, and a member of Stevens Point Post No. 156. -^«t> -^s^^^^* Tc^yENRY CLARK, of Oconto, Wis. ^ 1 X in member of G. A. R. Post No. 74 ^'^^^^jJL "''IS bo'''^ September 26, 1837, a Wis., 4, at Watkins, Schuyler Co., New York. His father, Henry Scott Clark, was born in England, and was the son of Henry Clark, a captain of marines in the English navy, who was lost at sea. H. S. Clark married Mary Newlove, a native of Hull, England, wliose par- ents came to America in 1808 and her father fought in 1812, surviving that struggle but a short time. The senior Clark came to America in 1808. Mr. Clark was raised on a farm, and in 1842 came to Wisconsin and located at Hart- ford, Washington County, wliere he acted as a carpenter until the war. He enlisted Septem- ber 14, 1861, at Hartford, in Company E, 10th Wisconsin Infantry for three years. Tlie regi- ment left tlie State in November for Louisville and proceeded to Nashville and thence to Mur- freesboro and to Huntsville, Ala. During a period of five months the 10th was engaged in military duty, destroying important railroad lines and succeeded in cutting off Beauregard's re-enforcement of 40,000 men. He was in a warm skirmish at Bowling Green and another at Bridgeport and went to Nashville and to Louisville, performing important service all along tlie route. Tie w,is next in the battle of 444 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF Perryville and was wounded by a minie ball in his left wrist. He fought at Stone River, where he was in action live days and remained there until April, when he was discharged and re- turned lo Wisconsin. November 17, ISfio, lie enlisted again in Company B, 35th Wisconsin Infantry, and went to St. Louis. The regiment moved to Red River and thence to New Orleans and from there to Port Hudson, where they re- mained six weeks. The next movement was to Morganzia, La., and in October tlie command joined an expedition to the Atchafalaya River, where tliey had daily skirmishes with the rebels. Mr. Clark was one day pre]>aring for a snug sleep in a nest he had constructed of boards and his gun blanket, when he was sud- denh' ordered out on picket. The rebels dis- covered his snuggery- and riddled it with balls, when he suddenly acijuiied a respect for picket duty. On one occasion, on a former march in the course of a skirmish with Bragg's troops, Mr. Clark is certain his own aim was sure as he saw the man drop, and he remorsefully gave the rebels a blanket to bury the man in. He went from Simmsport to Duvall's Bluff and thence to Brownsville,and later to New Orleans. The next movement was to Mobile Point and to Spanish Fort, and the command hauled their guns bj' hand over corduroy roads which thej' built. Tliey were 14 da^-s under I fire at Spanish Fort and there Mr. Clark re- ceived a wound in the shoulder. In the rifle pits there they were charged by the Mississippi " Tigers," but repulsed them. They went next to Blakely in time for the surrender there and returned to Mobile. From Mobile they went to ! Mcintosh Bluffs and there Dick Taybr surren- dered to them 28 rebel transports. They went again to Mobile and to Brazos Santiago, Texas, thence to Brownsville and were mustered out March 15, 1866. During his service Mr. Clark was made Corporal and a year later Color Ser- geant and carried the regimental flag two years and a half. He was in a skirmish in Texas in which his command captured 300 prisoners. Wil- liam C. Clark, his brother, enlisted in the same regiment with himself, was captured and taken to Libby, Belle Isle and afterwards to Anderson- ville, where he starved to death. Their mother went out with them as regimental nurse, kept with her iier own revolver and was in an action at Scottsboro, Ala. In September, 1863, she was taken sick and returned home and .soon died. Mr. Clark has four sisters — Attie, Sai'ah, Caroline and Cornelia. Mr. Clark was married to Marion Waterman of Ruliicon, Dodge Co., Wis., and their surviv- ing children are Rudolph F., Lucius A., Cora A., Clara L, Mildred and Charles A. During the last 15 years Mr. Clark has carried on his business as a carpenter and builder. ••^i»i> •^>t^i^^<5,^-<5<^ ILAS DUSTAN PEARSON, of Grand Rapids, Wis., was born in Gardner, Worcester Co., Mass., Sep. 30, 1832. He was taken by his parents to Ot- sego count}' in the State of New York when an infant, and he lived in the town of East Wor- cester until he was fifteen years of age. He at- tended the common schools and, after removal to Sun Prairie, Wis., was a pupil in the same class of schools. Later he went to Madison and attended high school. There he learned the business of a carpenter and niiliwright which he has since followed. In 185G he came to Ap- pleton and went later successively to Iowa, Indiana and Chicago. In the latter place he joined the organization known as Ellsworth Zouaves and acquired a practical knowledge of military drill which was of value to him at a later period. He enlisted at Chicago, Aug. 4, 1862, in C Company, 72nd Illinois Volunteers for tlu'ee years. His regiment went to Carlo and thence to Paducah, Ivy., and successively to Columbus, where he passed two months in the camp of instruction as a drill master. He was sent on detached duty to Carlo and, four days later, he was seriously injured by the fall- ing of a heavy box of supplies wliich he was helping to unload on the wharf, and which in- jured his spine, making him so lame that he was sent to Columbus Post hospital where he remained six weeks. He went tlience to the general hospital at Mound City, where he was discharged in January, 1863. He was obliged to use crutches for a long time and during a period of seven years had recurrences of hemorrhage of the lungs. While at Columbus his hearing was permanently impaired by con- cussion of the air from bursting shells. A com- missaiy boat, loaded with army supplies, was tied at the commissary depot on the river and through some accident was fired. He untied PERSONAL RECORDS. 445 her sotliatthe depot would not also be destroyed and received the injury from the shells with whicli she was partly loaded and which burst after slie was loosened and lloating down the river. Two of the fragments struck him, caus- ing flesh wounds in his leg which had to be stitched, but he did not leave his post of duty in consequence. Mr. Pearson is the son of Richmond and Sil- via (Crawford) Pearson. His father is a descen- dant from one of two brothers, .John and Wil- liam Pearson, who came from England to this country and settled in Massachusetts. They were the sons of the younger son of a noble English house. His great grandfather was a soldier in the battle of Breed's Hill, commonly called Bunker Hill, and he has the pocket-book which his ancestor had in his pocket and which was pierced bj' a British bayonet. The mother of Mr. Pearson was the daughter of ancestors who won fame in the war of the Revolution. His brothers, Foster and All)ert, were soldiers in the rebellion. The formerenlistedin the Slst Wis- consin and died in the regimental hospital at Murfreesboro from sickness resulting from ex- posure. The latter was chief musician in a Wisconsin regiment and was discharged as such by general order, after which he was commis- sioned Second Lieutenant in the 1st Arkansas Cavalry, afterwards being promoted to Captain. He returned in safety. The marriage of Mr. Pearson to Sarah .J. Hamilton took place at Madison, Wis., Aug. 11, 185G. Their living children are .John H., Charles L., Francis E., Harry E., Frederick U., Walter L., Alfred and a daughter, Lulu May. Wilfred, Delavan and Lillian Bell died in in- fancy. Mrs. Pearson is the daughter of John Hamilton, a native of Vicksburg, Miss. The family was originally from Penn.sylvania but had lived manv vears in the South. »>;^^<5^«-- ^RUMAN S. WOOD, of Winneconne, c) Wis., formerly a soldier of tiie Union, J was born August 5, 1829, in Sutton, Dominion of Canada. He is the son of David and Eurena (Chappell) Wood, and his paternal grandfatlier was a soldier at Lexing- ton and in the battle in which General Pitcairn was killed. He was very young and was prin- cipally engaged in melting pewter plates and running bullets for the Colonial troops. His mother's ancestors lived at Stonmgton, Conn., and his maternal grandfather Steele was a poet and wrote religious verses, which are preserved in several hynui books. Mr. Wood is one of a family of six children — four boys and two girls. All the sons were soldiers in the civil war. Rufus was in the Kansas Home Guards and was in several actions with the guerilla chief Quantrell ; Hiram enlisted in the 44tli New York Lifantry, the Zouave regiment known as Ellsworth's Avengers ; Willard en- listed in the 14th Wisconsin Infantry and served tlu'oughout the war. Mr. Wood was carefully educated in his na- tive State and is a graduate in surveying and a civil engineer. He removed to Winneconne in 1855. He went to Fond du Lac in 1861 and enlisted in July in Company G, 3rd Wisconsin Infantry. He was the first soldier from the village of Winnecoime, and the day he started to enlist, the ladies of Winneconne escorted him to tlie boat on which he went to Oshkosh. The regiment was in rendezvous at Fond du Lac until July 12th, when it left the State and went to Hagerstown, Md., and canrped on the same spot where Washington encamped in the war of the Revolution. 4\vo days later, they went to Harper's Ferry and performed guard duty and drilled about a month. The regi- ment helped to build the road up Maryland Heights preparatory to the construction of the fortifications and moved successively to Dames- town and Frederick where the regiment re- mained holding Maryland in the United States until the spring of 1862. He was in the action at Bolivar in October, 1861, where he did his first severe fighting, and in March, the regiment moved with Bank's Army Corps up the Shen- andoah, and Mr. Wood was in all the actions including Charleston, Winchester and in the retreat. In July, they went to Culpepper, and he was in the battle of Cedar Mountain ; the regiment went back to Culpepper and Mr. Wood was sent to Emery Barracks where he was sick and was under the care of the sur- geons, and he went next to the hospital where he was treated 18 months and was discharged for disal)ility in 1864. He returned to Winne- conne. He was married Aug. 23, 1854, to Prudence, daughter of Augustus and Rosalie (Chaplin) Sayre. They have two children living. Sew 446 SOLDIERS ALBUM OF arfl married Ella Bobier, ami tlieir children are named Leon and Willie. Fremont, A. lives with his parents. Mr. Wood is one of the most prominent and public spirited of the citizens of Winneconne. He lias made a gift to the village of a pleasant park, tlie trees in which are grown from seeds he planted when lie first came to Winneconne. He has been active in all projects for the gen- eral welfare of the community Iw whom he is highly esteemed. He still suffers from injuries received in military service and is a Democrat in political connection. He has a number of war relics, among which are a Zouave bayonet, flecked with blood on the battle field at Manas- sas. He has a knife which he took from a rebel, the blade of whicti is about eight inches in length. During the battle of Antietam, he was in charge of Emory liospital and at Cedar Mountain was detailed to care for the wounded. He still retains a vivid I'ecol lection of the scenes of suffering of which he was a witness. ■ --^s*^ '^»S^i^^<5*?-«tf5.£^- T^(^r ENRY PETER 1 ^1 .., . "K Howard, Wis., J[?gL Huffman Hou.s HUFFMAN, of Fort proprietor of the ise in that city, was liorn Sept. 2, 1820, at Bruderdorf, and is the son of Michael and Agnes (Nevvyear) Huffman. The mother was a native of Lorraine, then a French province. The father was a native of Alsace and was born in the same town as his son. The paternal grandfaiher was one of the guards of Napo- leon and was pensioned by the government. The family came to America in 1832, in the winter, and were shipwrecked on the pas- sage and carried from their course to St. Hel- ena, whence they started for New Orleans and, losing the rudder and foremast, drifted into Cuba. From there they sailed to New Or- leans, where they arrived in February, 1833. They went thence to Cincinnati, where they passed 18 months. The next six months they lived at Dayton, removing thence to Columbus, Ohio, where they resided about a year. They went to Clinton in the same State and thence to Bristol, Wayne county, where they continued to reside about two years. Their next removal was to Chippewa valley, and they went a few months later to Manches- ter, where they lived 16 j^ears. When the son was 12 years old he went to work for a farmer with whom he remained three years. He was then apprenticed to learn the business of a shoemaker, operating in that relation two years. In 1845 he went to Cleveland and in the next year drove a team from that city to Chicago. The man for whom he was driving became tired of slow progress and took the .steamboat, Boston, for Milwaukee, putting the horses aboard the boat. Their ar- rival was dated May 1(J, 1846, and they re- mained there three days. They drove thence to Lilierty Prairie, 12 miles from Madison, Wis. He remained there a month assisting his em- ployer to build a pioneer's shanty. He went then to Madison, where he tried to get work at his trade but, there being no stock m the city, he engaged as an ox-driver and continued in that operation three weeks, engaged in break- ing burr oak opening eight miles from Madi- son. Later, he spent about 14 weeks harvest- ing and went next to .Janesville, where lie ob- tained employ at his trade. In February, 1847, he enlisted in Company K, 6th U. S. Infantry, under Lieutenant Hen- drickson, acting captain. He was the first man to enlist from .Janesville for the Mexican war. He went to Milwaukee, where he remained until May 5th, and went thence to New Or- leans on a United States mail steamer. Three weeks .were passed there waiting tor accouter- ments, arul the}' proceeded to Brazos Santiago, Texas,onthesteamer,JamesL. Day. After receiv- inga detail for Taylor's command thej' proceeded to V^era Cruzand went into Camp Washington on the beach. Three weeks later, under Gen- eral Pillow, they started for the interior and within the first seven miles they lo.st eight men by sunsti'oke. They were buried at Santa Fe, and the detail went eight miles further the same day to wait for the remainder of tli^ commaud. The main arm}' was stationed at Pueblo. On the route they skirmished night and day with hardly an hour's intermission. Remaining two months at Pueblo they started to cross the mountains and had their first regular fight Aug. 18tli, at Saint Angeles, and they fought next day at Contreras, and Cherebusco followed on the 20th. They went ne.xt on the 21st to Tacubaya, wliere they remained until Septem- ber 7tli, when the arinstice was recalled. He was in the battle at Moline del Rey on the 8th, where Colonel Scott, the best shot PERSONAL RECORDS. 447 in the United States was killed,"* and they lost more than one halt' their entire foi"ce hnt were the vietors. They returned to Tacubaya and, removing their hospital seven miles on their reserve, they began the bomljardment of Che- pultepee on the 12th. Mr. Huffman fought in a forlorn hope on the loth of September and stormed the fortifications of the castle. The victory was a complete one and the division of General Worth entered the city by the Santa Cosmos road. Entering the City of Mexico at 10 p. M. the soldiers lay on their arms until three in the morning, when messengers from the Mexican commanders came with Hag of truce with instructions to deliver the city to (ieneral Scott. The delegation was sent to the headquarters of the commanding general and the soldiers waited until seven in the morning for instructions, when "Fuss and Feathers" appear- ed with his band and body-guard. Cheering him, the command marched to take formal po.ssession of the "halls of the Montezumas." Scott was approaching the Almeda, a large public square, when his columns were fired on by the Mexicans and a street fight com- menced, which lasted nearly three days. Scott Hnally issued orders that if any more firing was done, blocks loaded with powder should be hurled into the streets and the city should be given over to the infuriated soldiery for pillage. Three months later, under command of Gen- eral Cadwalader, the command was dissolveii and parties were sent to Toluca to collect ar- rearages of taxes. They remained there two months and returned to Tacubaya where Gen- eral Worth resumed command of the Division again, General Cadwalader remaining at Toluca. The 6th and 8th Regulars returned to Worth as stated and remained until peace was declared, then moved into the city. As an honor they were the last to leave, as they were the first to enter, until all the United States troops had been sent homeward. The division to which Mr. Huffman belonged paid the Mexican gov- ernment the stipulated |15,000,U00 for the an- nexed territory and the Government assumed $3,500,000 of private debts due to citizens of the United States. Then they marched to Jalapa where they remained until all the United States troops had pa.ssed again. They proceed- ed to New Orleans where they were not per- mitted to land, on account of yellow fever but they were sent up the IMississippi River to Jef- ferson Barracks at St. Louis, where Mr. Huff- man received discharge. After wailing two weeks for his pay, Mr. Huffman went to Peoria, 111., and thence to Chicago by team. During his absence his parents had removed from Ohio to Wisconsin and he went from Chicago to Milwaukee. At Milwaukee he employed a lawyer to obtain a land warrant for him and went to work at his trade. He went back to his former employ in .Janesville, returning to Milwaukee to see about his land warrant. He obtained it soon after and started to look up a claim. He located in Ellington, Outagamie county, and, 10 years later, sold to Peter Prunty, the present proprie- tor. He transacted his business at Green Bay land office and has since made the locality his home. He has been for many years engaged in the management of the Huffman house, at Fort Howard, a well-kept hostelry which en- joys a good degree of the public patronage. He served on the County Board two years and on the City Council of Fort Howard two years. He was married Aug. 13, 1849, to Catherine McGinniss and their daughter is named Cath- erine Agnes and is the wife of Albert Platen, of Fort Howard. j\Ir. and Mrs. Huffman have buried eight children. A married daughter, Mary MagadalinHanrahan, died April 26, 1888, aged 34 years, and leaving four children, named Henry George, William Joseph, Rosa Maria ami James Edward. •-J!»S^ >-J>S>^^i<5<^'sC5*f-i. ip^^RANK YOUNG, Cicero, Outagamie 1^, Co., Wis., was born July 10, 1848, in ^ New York. He passed his youth and childhood in his native place and was not 13 years old when the excitement of civil war attracted his notice antl interest and he determined to enlist as soon as he was old enougli. Aug. 16, 1863, he enlisted in Com- panj^ H, 61st New York Lifantry, at Potsdam, for three years, enrolling as a recruit. July 16, 1864, he was made Corporal and June, 1865, he was discharged in the city of New York, the termination of the war making his military services no longer necessary. The following roster of his battles gives a full statement of the character of the fighting in which he par- ticipated, his regiment being connected with 448 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF the Army of tliu L'oLuiuuc. He was in iho action at Newport News, Deep Bottom, Wel- don Railroad, Ream's Station, iratclier's Run, Wliite House J^anding, I'etorsliurg, Kort bisliur. High Chain Bridge, Kamiville, and ]*atrid< Station, and witnessed Lee's surrender, Appa- mattox being 20 miles from Farmville. Mr. Young sustained two injuries. He was wounded at Hatcher's Run by a piece of shell, but did not leave Uie ennmiand. In the fight at Ream's Station lie was wounded and was taken to the hospital at City Point and from there went to Pleasant Hospital in Maryland. He came to Wisconsin after the war and located at Aj)pleton, working on a farm sum- mers and in the woods winters until the spring of 1867, when he went to Minnesota and was in the einplo) of the (lovernment a year as teamster. He then entered the regular army, enlisting under General Slidell and served three years, receiving honorable dischai'ge at Fort 'Aberei-onibie, Dakota. From there he went to Texas, where he engaged as a drover five years. In 1875, he returned to Wiscon.sin and located where he at present resides on a farm on section 34, Cicero Township. His marriage to Joseiihine Rice look place Oct. 20, 187(). She was horn at Shell Rock, Minn., and died May 1, 187orn April 7, 1837, Oswego, N. Y. He is the son of Warren and Lucy ((Jarlick) Leach, and lie represents the fourth generation from English ancestry who located in America. His great grandfallier on his mother's side was a minister of the Ciiurch of England and others of her lorbears belonged in the army, navy and merchant service of England. The father of his mother was a soldier in the 2nd war with (h'cat Britain and was in Captain Forsyth's company of I'iHemen at Ogdenshurg when the British and their Indian allies captured the fort, l-eh. 22, 1813. She was born al I'nderhill, Chittenden Co., Vermont, June 28, 1805, and died in Wisconsin Dec. 19, 1874. She was a l)rilliant and cultivated woman and, after she came to the Badger State where her husbantl located at Waukau and kept a hotel, she was the center of attraction to all distinguished travelers who stopped at that hostelry. She was first married to William Halsey Graham, who was a graduate of West Point and who be- came a distinguished officer in the service of his country. The father of Captain Leach is still living at Waukau; he is a gentleman of the old school and, although his life com- menced with the century, he is still in posses- sion of all his faculties. The family removed to Wisconsin in 1850 and located at Waukau, Winnebago county. After Captain Leach fin- ished his attendance on common schools he fitted himself for the business of a civil en- gineer and surveyor and stands at the head of that profession in his locality. When lie was 20 years old be was practicing his pro- fession in Minnesota and was a witness of the first massacre by the Sioux Indians in 1857 and became cognisant of all its horrors. He eidisted in the local service and assisted in the expulsion of the Indians after the settlers had Hed from their homes, leaving their horses in their stalls, their cattle in the fields and other domestic arrangements unattended. Captain Ijeach has been prominent in his section of Wisconsin in civil engineering affiiirs since he became a proficient in that business. He has served four or five terms as County Sur- veyor, making an aggregate of aljout 10 years service in that position. He has been City Sur- veyor of Oshkosh 16 years. In 1866 he was As- sessor of the township of Rushtord. At the jn-esent writing (1887) he is serving as County Surveyor of Winnebago county and as Notary Public. March 25, 1885, Captain Leach entered the State military service as a member of Company B, Oshkosh Guards, 2nd Wisconsin, National Guard. March 26, 1876, the company was re- organized under Captain Gabe Bouek and Cap- tain J^each was then made Orderly Sergeant. In the spring of 1876, after five years connec- tion witli the organization, he was discharged at his own request. He immediately re-enlisted and, May 10, 1881, was commissioned by Wm. E. Smith, Oiovernor of Wisconsin as 1st Lieu- tenant of the company. Feb. 9, 1884, he was PERSONAL RECORDS. 449 commissioned Captain of the Oshkosli Guards by Governor J. M. Rusk. Tlic papers were ac- companied by a letter from Adjutant General Chandler P. Cliapman. He resigned his com- mand as captain of Company l'>, 2nd Wisconsin National Guards, Dec. "i-"i, JSSti, after a service in the school of the soldier of more than iU years. Captain Leach has two brothers and three sisters — Reuben, Franklin Pierce, Lydia Young, Mrs. Permelia E. Rickson and Lucelia L. He is the oldest of the f;imilv. ■'~S'*^-^>t^^^S OBERT SHERIFF, of Antigo, Wis., and a member of Post No. 78, was born April 24, 1826, in Lincolnshire, England, and came thence to America when twenty years of age. The first months of his residence here were passed in farming in Belmont, Lid., and in a distillery, and he came thence to Wisconsin and pa.ssed a number of years in various localities until he settled in Freedom in Outagamie county. He pursued his business as a mason and worked at farming until the time of his enrollment in the service of his adopted country. He enlisted as a recruit in the 5th Wisconsin Infantry in Company E, August 28, 1804, enrolling at Appleton for a year or during the war. The legiment was in the 3rd Brigade, 1st Division, (jtli Coips stationed in the Shenandoah Valley at Winchester, and Mr. Sheriff was detailed as guard lor a private house in the city. About the 1st of December, he found his command had orders to move and he resolved to go also, which caused him to be unjustly reported as a' deserter. He went to Stevens Station, Washington, City Point and joined the army of Grant at Petersburg, the regiment taking posi- tion in the left wing. He was in tlie action at Hatcher's Run and pas.sed most of the remain- der of the winter on picket duty. He was in the front of the charge at Petersburg, April 2nd, and after the evacuation he was in the pursuit of Lee and in the fight at Little Sailor's Creek, one of the most gallant actions of the gallant 5th, and at F^ort Fisher. Allen K. Augur was shot immediately aftei', and J. D. Gurney received a mortal wound on his re- turn to aid Augur. These were neighbors and comrades. After Lee surrendered, the regi- ment received orders to proceed to the assis- tance of Sherman and went to Danville, where intelligence of Johnston's surrender caused their return to Wilson's Station. On the route Mr. Sheriff was sun-struck and was sent in an am- bulance to the station ami tiiunce lo Petersburg and Manchester, opposite Richmond, thence to City Point, where he remained about 10 days without medical advice. He went next to Washington where he witnessed and partici- jiated in the Grand Review and received his discharge in .June. He returned to Freedom and after a short time went to Appleton and worked as a mason until 1878, when he removed to Antigo and took up a homestead in that vicinity on which he resided six years. In 1884 he sold his place and located in the village. His father and mother, Robert and Mary Ann (Brooks) Sheriff, were born, lived and died and are buried in Lincolnshire, England, the former dying at four days past 99 years of age. The mother died at 84 years of age. Mrs. Sheriff is the daughter of Ciiarles and Sophie Green, natives of Wellsville, Ohio. She is the mother of nine children, of whom Mary, John, Sophie R., George and Charles are not living. Josejjh R., Phebe Ann, Minnie and Frank still live in Antigo. The elder daughter is married to Peter O'Connor, of Antigo. I^^ERDINAND OSTENFLDT, of Man- > I J j ^ itowoc, Wis., member of G. A. R. J[(^ Post No. 18, was born July 18, 1829, in Schleswig, Germany. He grew to manhood in his native country and came to the United States in August, 1851. Soon after landing he came to Wisconsin and located at New Holstein, Calumet county. He re- mained there untd he enrolled as a soldier in the United States service, enlisting in the fall of 1802, at Chilton, in Company E, 21st Wisconsin Infantry, for three years. When the company was organized he was made its 1st Lieutenant and proceeded to the field as such. Two weeks later, Oct. 8th, the regiment was in the battle of Perryville and encountered disaster at the outset, being placed bj' somebody's blunder in a position where it received the fire from both armies. The captain of Company E was 450 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF killed and Lieutenant Ostenfeldt succeeded by grade to his position, although severely wounded. He remained in the field hospital with a wound in his right elbow several days and went later to the hospital at Lebanon, Ky. In the action at Perryville, 13 of his company were kilkd and the aggregate of the wounded Ijrought the loss up to ."JU. Soon after reach- ing the hospital at Lebanon he received leave of absence and came back to Wisconsin and re- joined his regiment in January, 1863, reaching his command just after the battle of Stone River, and resumed connection with his com- pany at Murfreesboro, and endeavored to en- gage in active duty. The wound in his arm had left it in such a condition that he was un- able to perform the duty of a soldier and he was dischargeil Feb. "21, 1863. In August, 18()2, eight days before he en- listed, he was married to iVTaria Fredericksen, of New Holstein. They have two son just merging into manhood, the elder of whom, Charles L., aged 24, is a civil engineer and resides in the city of Chicago. William A., aged 22, is a stu- dent in the State University at Madison. OHM R. WHEELER, of Neenah, Wis., a farmer on section 35 and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 129, was born in New York, April 25, 1832. He came to Wis- consin with his parents, Alanson and Electa Wheeler in 1847. They located in Auburn, Fond du Lac county, where he lived nearly two years. He returned to his native State and remained two years. He then returned to Auburn, was married and located in Washing- ton count)', where he resided when the draft of 1862 was ordered and he was conscripted for nine months service. On reaching Milwaukee he found he had the privilege of enlisting and enrolled for three years in Company I, 27th Wisconsin Infantry. He went with the regi- ment to Cairo and thence toColumbu.s, Ky. He was in the actions on the Yazoo River and went thence to the investment of V'icksburg and, after the capitulation of the city, went to He- lena, Ark. There Mr. Wheeler passed some time in the hospital and went, later, to Mem- phis and was. transferred to Jefferson Barracks, near St. Louis, where he received honorable discharge for disability, May 9, 1864. He returned to Wasliington where he re- sumed farming until 1866, when he removed to Neenah and located on the farm on which he has since resided. His place is in good and valuable condition, but he is disabled from in- firmities incurred in the war and performs little labor. He was married Aug. 25, 1855, to Nancy E., daughter of William ami Margaret Ellis, wlio came from New York to Wisconsin in 1846. Mrs. Wheeler's brother, Benjamin Ellis, was a soldier in the 5th Wisconsin. He was captured at the Battle of the Wilderness, taken to Libby and Andersonville prisons where he passed 11 months. He was one of those who mined under the stockade and es- caped only to be run down by bloodhounds and brought hack to renewed and added suffer- ings. His father died in Neenah Nov. 5, 1887 ; he was a native of Ireland and came to Amer- ica when a lad. He was one of the pioneers of Neenah and lived in the enjoyment of the respect and the esteem of the community. Tlie mother is still living. Eldredge Wheeler was a soldier in the 37th Wisconsin Infantry and re- sides in Dakota. Jason was an enlisted man in the 12th Wisconsin, Companj' D, and was wounded in his arm, losing its use entirely. He lives at Concord, Dodge Co., Minn. Frank enlisted in Company D, 12th Wisconsin, and died at Memphis, Tenn., in 1863 of small pox. These were brothers of Air. Wheeler. His uncle, Silas Wheeler, was in the war of 1812 and is still living, aged 93 years. (First sol- dier of 1812 on record in this book as still liv- ing in 1888.) Following is the record of the children of Mr. and Mrs. Wheeler: — Ellen married Louis La Grange of ^hirshfiold and they have three chililrun. Colista married Isaac E. Klock, a soldier in the Union army in tlie rebellion. He died in 1886, leaving a wife and one child. William married Katie Isenberg and lives in Iowa. Mr. Wheeler is a Republican in political sentiment. "Jp I ^' \ y Wis , is a citizen llijl State, pure and simj -*^ -*- 1,„..., !Vf„.„.l, 1A 10 1 WRIGHT, of Merrill, of the Badger iple, having been born March 10, 1844, at Racine, in the county of the same name. Hs has been identified with its history as a soldier and as PERSONAL RECORDS. 451 one of its factors in business. He is of Eng- lish extraction in tlie paternal line of descent, and from the earlier settlers of the Mohawk valley in New York, on the side of his uKjther. His parents, Tliomas W. and Angelina (Knowles) Wright, were born respectively at Manchester, in England, and in Onondaga IIol- low, near Syracuse, New York. The family came to Wisconsin and located at Racine in 183S. When he was nearly IS years old his uncle, Albert Knowles, 2nd jjieutenant of Company K, 7th Missouri Cavalry, came to Ra- cine and enlisted him as a recruit for the same regiment. He made connection therewith soon after his enrollment, (Feb. 15, 1S62,) at Mason City, Mo., where he went into a camp of instruc- tion. Three months later, tiie command went to Independence, in that State, and thence to Kansas City, remaining until the fall of 1862. Thence to Sedalia, and to SpringKeld, Major- General Herron commanding, to Prairie Grove to participate in llie sharp encounter with rebels there, thence to Fort Smith, Ark., to capture the fortifications in hot battle, back to Iron Mountain, forward to Helena, Ark., and to Little Rock, where another important holding was gained after fierce fighting, from there to Camden, in the same State, again to risk war's chances in a hand to hand conflict with the foe and to camp at Pine liluti for the winter of 1863-4 is the history of his experiences for that period, in brief. The command remained in tliat vicin- ity engaged in tlie same species of warfare until discliarged. At Pine Bluff he was made Sergeant Major and commissioned by H. P. Spellman, Major commanding the regiment. His commission as 2nd Lieutenant of Company H was dated from Feb. 22, 186.3, and he received liis discharge as Sergeant Major the next day. Herewith is a copy of tlie General Order regulating his discharge as stated : — Headquarters of the Army, Adjutant Gen'l's Office, Washington, July 10, 1876. Special (Jnler No. 138. By direction of the Secretary of War under joint resolution approved July 11, 1870, (amendatory of the jonit resolution approved July 26, 1866), and to complete his record the discharge of Sergeant Major Henry W. Wright, 7tli Missouri Cavalry to date Feb'y 23, 1865, is hereby amended to date Feb'y 21, 1865 ; he is mustered into service as 2nd Lieu- tenant, 1st Regiment Missouri Cavalry (with which the 7th Regiment Missouri Cavalry was consolidated) to date Feb'y 22, 1865, and mus- tered out and honorably discharged as 2nd Lieutenant to date May 30, 1865, the date he ceased to do duty and he is mustered for pay in said grade during the period embraced be- tween the aforesaid dates. The amount of pay and allowances received by him as an enlisted man subsequent to Feb'y 21, 1865, and to which he is not entitled as 2nd Lieutenant will be deducted in making j)aymt;nt to him under this order. By Command of General Sherman. E. I). Townsend, Adjutant General." And under this order he was paid Dec. 14, 1876. Previous to enlistment Mr. Wright was en- gaged in obtaining a common scliool educa- tion. He returned from tlie army to Racine and soon after was employed on the Western Union railway. Afterward, he was employed in the freight department and after three years of service became the accountant of Chauncey Lathrop & Co., with whom he remained two years. His next situation was with the J. I. Case T. M. Company as bookkeeper and three years after he commenced business on his own account, engaging in the manufacture of sash, doors and blinds at Racine. April 5, 1877, he received from President Hayes an appointment as Postmaster at Racine and resigned the posi- tion at the end of five years, to remove to Mer- rill in October, 1880, where the business part- nership of McCord & Wright was formed and operated about one year. The senior partner retired and the H. W. Wright Lumber (Jo. was organized with Mr. Wright as President. This body is one of the most prominent and exten- sive organizations in Nortiiern Wisconsin, their plant including 25 acres and producing a large variety of manufiictures. The sawmill has a capacity of 125,000 feet per day, the modus operandi exhibiting the most perfect system known to that brancli of manufacture. Tlie establishment also includes a sash, door and blind factory of huge capacity and every variety of boards is proiluced for market. The motive is furnished by a 300-lior.se power steam engine in the sawmill, and one of iialf that capacity operates the other factery named ; 200 men and 12 teams are engaged about the works, in adilition to which number is the force in the woods, including large numbers of men and teams in the winter season operating on the landed tracts of the company. Prior to the appointment of Mr. Wriglit as postmaster at Racine he served tw'O terms as 452 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF with Carrie Nov. 1, 1S7-2. the names of Supervisor and two years as Alderman of that city. He was Secretary of the Building Com- mittee in the construction of the Court House, auditing the expenditures and managing the work generally. He has been Sujjervisor at Merrill two terms. He was united in marriagt; Buchan of Union Grove, VVi.s., James A., Fred and Nettie are their children. On his mother's side hisgreat- grandsire was a soklier in the Revolution and two of her brothers fought in 1812. Mrs. Wright was born in Dover, Racine county, of pure Scotch lineage, and is descended from stock which has l^een noted in medical circles for two centuries and the only brani li of the name in this country who are known to this generation. One of tiie brothers of Mr. Wright was a special aid of Gen. W. S. Rosecrans and was in the employ of the Government as a dealer in .store sujijjlies at Mobile, Ala. Mr. Wright's uncle, Lieutenant Stephen Knowlesof the 2-2nd Wisconsin Infantry, was captured at Stone River, imprisoned at Andersonville and afterwards transferred to Libby. The mother of Mrs. Wright, Jane (Tilley) Buchan, was born in New York and went to Scotland when live years old. She was mar- ried there and returned to America with her husband, locating at first in Canada and after- wards at Yorkville, Racine Co., Wis. »-^»;^-H^!w^^^^<5I^J^^ <5«^-.^*«f-* RLIN REEVE, of Marinette, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Po.st No. 207, was born Dec. 20, 1841, in the town- ship of Hopkinton, St. Lawrence Co., New York. He is tlic son of Stephen Decatur and Uoseile (Lunt) Reeve, both natives of \'er- mont, the former l>orn in the vicinity of Mont- pelier, and the latter at Tunbridge. A brother of Erastus Reeve, the grandfather of Mr. Reeve, was Judge Tapping Reeve, a .soldier of the Revolution. On the maternal side the lineage is Scotcii and on tlie paternal, English. The ancestors of the mother were soldiers in both wars with Great Britain. The progenitors of Betsey Peck, the maternal grandmother of Mr. Reeve, were soldiers of tiie Revolution and one of tliem, Nathan Peck, is known in the history of that period. Ml'. Reeve was about 20 years old, when the proclamation of the President, calling for assist- ance to check armed rebellion was promulgated and as .soon as possible he went to Salem, Wis., to enlist in Company G, 1st \Vi.scousin \^olun- teer Iiifantiy and enrolled for the required period — three nioiiths. The command pro- ceeded from the State to what was then the " front " and was the first of the Wisconsin troops to taste rebel powder. Tiie engagement at Falling Waters resulted in the death of one man on the battle field and several others wounded, among them two from company G. The mililaiy conduct of tiie undisciplined and raw troops was the subject of commendation. In August orders wei'e received for the muster- ing out of the regiment and Mr. Reeve re- turned to Kenosha to recruit for the 1st and 2nd Wisconsin Infantry and 1st Wisconsin Cavalry, with the expectation of returning to the army but impaired health decided against the project, rheumatism having followed his expos- ure and hnrHshipo in his first experience. After completing his business in connection with war matters, he engaged in farming for a year and afterwards he became interested in the construction of the railroad with D. L. Wells a contractor, between Milwaukee and Brookfield Junction and between Portage City and Columbia. He operated in the interests of the Chicago and Northwestern railway corpora- tion for 21 years as trackman and road master, serving in the last fifteen years. In the course of the summer of 1887 he laid 56 miles of track for the Milwaukee & Northern railway com- pany. Mr. Reeve is one of the sort of Republi- cans who desires to be placed, on record as be- ing a faithful adherent of his party without be- ing desirous to serve selfish ends. He was married Nov. 27, 1802 to Lucinda Bundy and their ciiildren are named Minnie Esther, Cliarles Snnford, Kittie Roselle and Claud Orlin. The husband of the oldest daughter, Frank Silman, is the Assistant Superintendent of the Marinette and Menominee paper mill. Horatio and Catherine (Taylor) Bundy, parents of Mrs Reeve were born in Hardwick, Vt. In 1865 at a Fourth of July celebration Mr. Reeve sustained the loss of his right eye by a prema- ture explosion of a gun. »t^»-^>»^^^<^itf^ < >^5*-^'i^^^"«*c^<5 -i»!^^^<^5«f-. <5-^>6?>^^<=5<^'«*«f- '(-GT;;^ EYMOUR H. BEACH, of Kaukauna, ^S^ak Wis., a former soldier in the civil war, was born Aug. 10, 1839, in Sparta, Sussex Co., New Jersey. He is the son of Elias and Margaret (Morrow) Beach, and in the paternal of descent is of English extrac- tion. His father and grandfather were born in New Jersey, and the latter was a soldier in 1812. In 1849 Mr. Beach left his native place and came with his parents to Wisconsin. The family passed one summer at Green Bay and removed in the fall to Calumet county, where they settled in the wilderness, locating on the old military road then indicated by the blazing on the trees. The sou received such educa- tion as circumstances permitted and remained in Calumet county, in the town of Woodville, until he enlisted and was occupied in farming. He enrolled May 28, 1861, at Neenah, in Com- pany G, 3rd Wisconsin Infantry, for three months, and in June re-enlisted for three years. He received honorable discharge July 2, 1864, at Madison, his term having expired. The first important service in which he j>ar- ticipated after going to Maryland, where the regiment was assigned, was the duty performed at Frederick, where tlie bogus legislature was convened for the purpose of passing the se- cession ordinance, and Mr. Beach remained in Frederick until spring, when his command was assigned to the arnij' of Banks and went to the Shenandoah Valley. In May, Company G, then guarding a bridge on the Manassas rail- road, was attacked by a rebel cavalry regiment and held the position. Mr- Beach was next in the fight at Winches- ter, and was in the rear on the retreat. He was in the fight at Cedar Mountain, was next in action at Antietam, and was inactive until the battle of Chancellorsville, where he was wounded May 3rd in the left foot by a ball which passed through it. He was sent to Car- ver hospital at Washington, where he re- mained three months, and received a 60-day furlougli. He rejoined his regiment at New York, where it had been sent to assist in the suppression of the riot and left immediately for the seat of war in \'irginia. The regiment, with the 12th corps, had been transferred to the Army of the Cumberland, and they proceeded from Bealton Station, Va., to join the command of " Fighting Joe Hooker." Mr. Beach started for Chattanooga and, on his route was taken sick with a fever and was sent back to College hospital at Nasiiville, where he passed through a terrible sickness, his first attack being fol- lowed by a relapse. When sutticiently re- covered he was detailed as general clerk of the hospital and remained in that service six months, wiiolly incapacitated from joming his regiment. He was discharged June 29th from the ho.spital and came to Wisconsin. During his service Mr. Beach was detailed as Mounted Orderly on the staff of Gen. PERSONAL RECORDS. 461 Chas. S. Hamilton, and in that capacity en- countered many perilous adventures. His father o.nd his commanding officer had been early friends and General Hamilton ivuew the stock from which he came and that he could be relied on. He first engaged as a traveling salesman j in the interest of F. F. Adams cfe Co., of Mil- waukee, and continued in that relation about a year, when he was sufficiently recovered to engage in farming and managed his property in Woodville, Calumet county, three years. In 1869 he sold his farm and entered the employ of the U. S. Government on the Fox River improvement in the capacity of contractor. He afterwards engaged as book- keeper for a paper establishment but was un- able to endure the confinement and commenced operations as a carpenter and joiner and painter. He has officiated two terms as Jus- tice of the Peace and has been a member of the school board of Kaukauna for years. He is at present (1S8S) Supervi.sor of the city. He was married March 18, 18G5, to Mattie E., daughter of SamueL Robinson, a pioneer of Milwaukee, who removed later to Menasha, Wis., where he died. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Beach are named Stella and J. De Witt. Mrs. Beach is a descendant of Scotch ancestors, who lived for several generations in New York. '>^^'^i*^*^*'^- OHN MASON BAER, of Appleton, Wis., is a representative self-made man and citizen of Wisconsin and a volunteer soldier of the war of the rebellion. He was born in Tiffin, Seneca Co., Ohio, Oct. 14, 1845, and became a soldier when less tlian 16 years old. Four years earlier he had made acquaintance witli tlie privilege of sustaining himself and had laid the foundations of a life of independence and effort. The current of events transjiiring at that period interested his awakening mind and he early came into the understanding of tlie resiionsibiiities incumbent on him in relation to his prospective citizen- ship. A disru[)ted country was a condition that threatened to undermine all he hoped for or could desire and, under the pressure of affairs in April and May, 1862, he decided to cast liis fate into the balance. May 12th of the latter year, he enlisted in Company I, 86tii Oliio Infantry, enrolling at Columbus, in a three months regiment, A. V. P. Day of Mas- sillon, Captain, Barney Burns of Mansfield, Colonel. From Columbus the command went to Grafton, W. Va., and thence to Clarksburg, the base of supplies. Company I, with tliree others, was detailed to guard duty on the B. & O. railroad and elsewhere during the period of affairs of the settlement between West Virginia and the " Mother of Presidents." Mr. Baer was in unremitting service during the entire period for which be was enrolled and was mustered out September 28th. Oct. 11th, he re-enlisted in H Company, 120tli Ohio Infantry and on the formation of the company was made 2nd Sergant. Dec. 28th he was made Order- ly Sergeant. .June 14, 1863, he was commis- sioned 2nd Lieutenant by special recommend of General Morgan and was promoted to 1st Lieutenant, August 8tli of the same year and was commissioned Captain of Company E, 48tii Ohio Infantry, to date from May, 1865. Mr. Baer enlisted the second time at Mansfield, Ohio, and, soon after, his regiment was assigned to the loth Army Corps, which was created Oct. 24, 1862, and organized December 18th of the same year. General McClernand command- ing. His division was under General Morgan. At Chickasaw Blutt's Mr. Baer was in command of a detail of 26 men under peremptory orders to hold a gap. Part of the detail fell back and he, with eight others, stood to their guns until tliey received orders to abandon a forlorn hope and with his own hand he pulled the lanyards of the last gun fired in the rejiulse at the Bluffs. The little party was the last squad to board the transport in the river and, for his record of Dec. 2Sth, 1862, he received his first commission. Jan. 11, 1863, his regiment was engaged in the assault on Arkansas Post and was in one of the most exposed positions. At the surrender, Sergeant Bob Wallace, color- bearer, placed the regimental flag on tjie cap- tured fort. (This is inserted here to substan- tiate a disputed point.) The regiment pro- ceeded next to Young's Point, nine miles from Vicksburg, to assist in the famous canal dig- ging, their allotment being 188 feet long and 60 feet wide, and to be three feet in depth. About this time the Emancipation Proclama- 462 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF tion was issued, and one-third of the field offi- cers of the regiment resigned their commis- sions. Hardships increased with the severe duty of canal digging and, as Hour had been substituted for hard tack and "slapjacks" had become the staple article of diet, much sickness resulted. The decimation of tlie regiment was frightful and wlien Ca|)tain Phelan of H Com- pany died, of the detail of eight men for ditch digging, only four were able to report for busi- ness and the additional duty of the burial. The work on the canal was pressed on, the men standing in water between two and three feet deep and .shoveling mud into wlieelbarrows. Their allotment was completed and the regi- ment assigned to the 9th division under Gen. P. J. Osterhaus. They went next to Milliken's Bend and were the first to cross the peninsula below Vicksburg to New Carthage. An en- counter with the rebels took place on the way and the next movement was to Perkins' planta- tion, a march of 12 miles, where supplies were received by transports which ran the rebel blockade at imminent peril. April 29th, the movement to Grand Gulf was made, and the regiment was held in readiness through the day to complete the action of the bombarding gunboats. They were withdrawn, ran the blockade the same night, the division debark- ing and again crossing t e peninsula. Re- embarking, the regiment (May 1, IStiS) went to Hard Times Landing, La., and taking three days' rations on their own responsibility, they started for Port Gibson. Between two and three in the afternoon. Company H was placed on the skirmish line and, 12 hours later, received the rebel fire. The division of Osterhaus was on the left in one of the most difficult positions and could only hold the ground for a time, but at four in the afternoon, reinforcements arrived and the day was won by the division. May 3rd the regiment marclied towards Raymond and saw the rebels trying to conceal their dead by covering them with trees chopped down for that purpose. Osterhaus' division performed provost duty at Raymond until May 13th, when an order was received to proceed on the double quick to support the attack at Champion's Hill. They joined in the pursuit of the Hying rebels and made a charge at Black River, the men anticipating orders and achieving another Mission Ridge victory. On the 18th, the regiment moved to the invest- ment of Vicksburg and captured many strag- gling rebels on the way. On the 19th, Mr. Baer was detailed to go to the Yazoo River to open communications for supplies for the army which had subsisted 20 days on five days ra- tions. Arrangements being complete, on the morning of the 22nd the assault on \^icksburg was made. Mr. Baer was wounded in his shoulder by tlie explosion of a shell, carried his arm in a sling about six weeks and remained at his post. On the day of the attack on Vicks- burg the regiment fell back to the former posi- tion, which was occupied until -June IStli, when orders were received to fall back to Black River to protect the rear of Grant's army from an at- tack by Johnston. A week later another move- ment to Willow Springs took place and a stay of some days followed. Jul}' 5th, orders were received to take a position in the advance line of attack on the ;irray of Johnston who was driven to Jackson, Miss. During the seven days siege there, the regiment had only roasted corn to eat and the result was the prostration of nearly every man in the regiment, and Cap- tains McKinley and Baer were the only ones not in the ambulances on sick leave. While the siege was in progress the color bearer of the regiment and seven officers were simultaneousl}' injured by tlie explosion of a shell from their own gun. The portion of the regiment fit for for duty were consolidated into two com- panies and returned to Vicksburg and com- posed that portion of the loth Army L'orps sent to the Department of the Gulf, which accompanied tlie reinforcement of General Banks who had supei-seded Butler in tiie De- partment of tlie Gulf. The latter reviewed tliem, pronouncing them an invalid corps, but Grant declared them the best troops in the Amei'ican army and, to use his own expression, "worth their weight in wildcats." Arrived at Algiers, La., the members of the re-inforcing party made a dress jiarade and were reviewed by Col. Philip Kuschner. As lie was taking his position, Capt. Baer fell senseless and was taken to the Marine hospital, where he remained unconscious six weeks. He joined his regi- ment at Opelousas, La. The expedition to Texas had failed and, November 1st, the return of tlie troops commenced. Captain Baer was sent home on a 30 days furlough and passed 28 of them in reaching Appleton. (His family had removed to Wisconsin during his absence.) His weight was 95 pounds when he arrived in Wisconsin. He reported, at Green Bay, but PERSONAL RECORDS. 463 that being only draft headquarters, there was no autliority to extend his leave, and he went to Madison and secured an extension. During his stay at home, he purchased a farm in the town of Black Creek, Outagamie county, wliich is still in his possession. On the expiration of his leave, he went to Madison, where he was held for four weeks in order to be available for special duty as escort for recruits. He set forth with 700, whom he surrendered as in- structed and, while on the Mississippi River, en route to Plaquemine, La., with a considerable number in charge without equijmients and un- skilled in war usages, he observed an indi- vidual engaged in sly movements. He was leaning against a stanchion and, slipping down it, he halted the person who proved to be a rebel, having in his possession 300 letters, a quantity of jihotographs and a parole. A pay- master wlio was on board, interfered in the case and, under pretense of his rank as Major, denied the authority of Captain Baer to discip- line the rascal, the latter demanding immunity until he reached tlie Provost Marsiial at New Orleans. Nothing could be done until the Crescent City was reached, where he was de- livered to the officials. The photographs were afterwards of good service in detecting rebel spies. Another notorious personage on the same trip was Dr. Tibbetts wlio figured in the New York riots. Captain Baer rejoined his regiment at Plaquemine and was in the detail in the construction of the fort at that place. April IS, 1S64, the brigade was ordered to Baton Rouge and camped until May 1st. On the second day of the month, the regiment em- barked on the "City Belle" to participate in the Red River expedition as river patrol. As the boat was without the customary defenses for blockade running and guerillas abundant, at noon on the 3rd, Captain Baer's company was detailed to keep lookout for the land sharp- shooters who lined the banks and the boat had reached Snaggy Point when a sudden assault was made from the shore. The vessel was soon disabled and the disasters to the men so serious that abandonment of the boat was the only re- sort. The colonel was killed and tlie pilot and, as the shattered boat approached the shore, drifting and disabled, the men jumped and ran for their lives. They were under unremitting fire and many fell. Captain Baer made good his landing and was scrambling up the bank when a minie balls truck him in the back, severing the strap of the buckle on his pants. He made a leap and fell unconscious and when he recovered, he saw Colonel Slocum rushing past and called to him for aid. Several men soon came to him notwith- standing the murderous fire on the opposite shore and, at the risk of their lives, carried him into the woods. He protected himself behind a log and a tree afterwards. Regular retreat was soon organized by Colonel Slocum, and Captain Baer was a.ssisted in keeping up by his comrades. There were 126 in all, poor fellows, as was stated, with " nothing left but their colors, guns and grit." Colonels Spiegel, Mudd and Barrett were among the killed. Seven miles from the start Captain Baer begged his comrades to leave him, the rattle of the sabers of pursuing cavalry being distinctly heard and, with two men of his company who refused to leave him — Ike Miller and Andy Manhart — he hid in a swamp. . In the morning, after a night of indescribable horror, a house was discovered. Investigation proved it the abode of rebels but people with human feelings, and they permitted the three to go to the house-loft. Food was provided them and a lookout kept ; about the middle of the afternoon a whistle from a boat was heard. A Hag was waved by Manhart and the steamer, .John Warner, .stopped on seeing the signal and took the party aboard. Captain Baer being carried in the barber's chair. The 5()tli Ohio was aboard, going home on veteran furlough and their surgeon attended to the in- juries of Captain Baer. Three gunboats and an ironclad were included in the little fleet. Hear- ing of the disaster to the City Belle, the men and officers of the 56th smi ed significantly and declared their ability to settle the account, in- timating that fright had caused tlie misfortunes recounted to them. A plan to rout the bat- teries and forces of General Major's division of Te.xans was arranged and the route to the spot was taken in the morning. Disaster of the most positive character followed the ill-advised move- ment. The little fleet wac knocked into fragments and the .John Warnei', designed to make a grand denouement at the proper moment, was sent drifting into the current wholly disabled by a solid shot through her wheelhouse. Instead of shouting victory the colonel of the 56th yelled for help. In a short time, the experience on the City Belle was repeated on the -Joiin War- ner and all able to run, took to the shore; Cap- tain Baer, bidding farewell to his faithful com- 464 SOLDIERS' ALBUM O^ rades was, soon after, prisoner of war. He was robbed of his small supply of money and his clothes, bat finally, a humane fellow took him in charge and dressed him in a pair of woolen socks, a Texas hat, a pair of gray pants and a blue blouse in which he was equipped with the aid and observation of the largest retinue of l)ody servants he ever had in tow. The wounded were taken in wagons to Cheney ville, La. Little could be done for the multitude of prisoners for obvious reasons, and many of them died with no help of any account. Captain Baer made the acquaintance of a confederate officer named Hodge, who was so shocked at the condition of the poor wretches that he expressed his willing- ness to connive at anything for their relief. (John Null, a comrade of Cajstain Baer, was one of the guard of the guerrilla, John Morgan, when he was held at Columbus, Ohio, and the two became good friends. When Null informed Morgan that he was about to be sent to the front the latter gave him the following letter dated at Columbus, Sept. 21, 1863: — Any con- federate officer or soldier who may at any time during this war capture John Null, private in Company H, 120th Ohio, will confer a favor upon me by treating him in the kindest raan- ner,as he was one of our guards at this prison and treated my officers and myself with great courtesy and kindness. (Signed) John H. Morgan, Brig.- Gen. C. S. A.) Captain Baer and John Null had determined to escape, as several others had done and, on representation to Capt-iin Hodge by Baer that if he could get to the federal lines he would have necessaries sent under ttig of truce, that officer arranged a plan of escape. He outlined a special route and provided them with five pounds of red pepper to prevent tlieir being traced by bloodhounds. Hobbling on crutclies, Baer and his companion were several days in reaching a point a mile from the Union lines, when they were treed by hounds and re- captured. They were compelled to retrace their step and Captain Baer's hands be- coming raw from friction with iiis crutches, he tlu-ew himself on the ground, begging to be shot. He persistently refused to proceed and was carried back on a horse. In Julj', 1864, he was paroled and sent to Camp Chase where he was in command of 1,700 paroled mea from August to December. When declared ex- changed he went to Carleton, La., to rejoin his regiment, which he found recruited to an ex- tent that restored the organization. His rank- ing officer being still a prisoner of war, tiie [»> sition devolved on himself and his command consisted of the remnants of G, I, H and K Companies of the r20th (Jhio and constituted Company K, of the 114tli Ohio Infantry. The regiment went to Brancos, Fla., on transports and connected with the Department under General Steele and marched to Pensacola, and thence to the operations on the Mobile & Montgomery railroad Their next service was in the right wing in the siege of Spanish Fort and Fort Blakely, (April 8tli) 80 volunteers from the reg- iment forming a skirmish line of the assaulting brigade at Fort Blakely. The outposts had been fortified with fallen trees and every third man was provided with an ax to remove ob- structions. The deploy moved a mile and a half, guided bj- the bugle and took in the rebel skirmish line three quarters of a mile from the redoudt. Then they encountered fallen timber with the limbs lopped and sharpened and spaces filled to make a solid barricade. Three quarters of an hour were consumed in proceed- ing 80 rods, hard labor being performed by the ax-meu in removing the rubbish. The next obstruction was a network of telegraph wires stretched six inches from the ground, which the}' cut and next, torpedoes were found placed in their way, composed of 60-pound shells })laced in the ground and so dis- posed as to explode by pressure of six pounds. One of them exploded a short distance from Mi-. Baer, tearing a man to fragments, and striking him in the right hip, ecjualizing his disabilities and relieving him from permanent lameness by a sort of compensatory arrange- ment, so to speak. He hobbled to the rebel redoubt before Fort Blakely, where he lay for half an hour, the feds charging on the fort which was found to be evacuated. The skir- mish line making the advance was the first to leap the parapets. One of the sergeants of Mr. Baer's command shot a major who stood so near him that his own face was singed by ihe pow- der. The experience of the man at the hands of the rebels while escaping from Tyler, Texas, and being recaptured, undergoing the mo.st frightful mutilation, liad made him swear he would never take a rebel alive. When the troops of General Steele took possession of Mobile, they were ignorant of the events which had closed the war and they there learned of the assassination of the President. Captain Baer with his command, went to Selma, Ala., PERSONAL RECORDS. 465 and thence to Mobile where he went into camp. June 14, 1865, orders were received for a change of ba.se to (ialveston, Texas, and thence to Houston. From there anotlier movement to MilHken was made where tlie companies of the 12()th Ohio were con.solidated into two, forming a part of the 48tli Oliio RattaUon, and Captain Baer was assigned to the staff of Gen. C. C. Andrews as Ordnance Officer of the Dis- trict of Texas. General Joseph Mower replaced the former commander and Mr. Baer contin- ued to serve in tlie same capacity, receiving the ordnance of the troops as they were mustered out and turning tlie same over to the proper authorities. The munitions of war belonging to Kirby Smith also came into his hands and were similarly disposed of. Captain Baer was mu.stered out Oct. 16, 1865, and returned to the quiet of civil life. He engaged in farming on his place in Black Creek and became prominent in the municipal affairs in that section, officiating 15 years as a Magistrate and Supervisor and Chairman of the County Board four years. In 1880 he acted under General Allen of Oshkosh as cen- sus officer, and in 1887 (current year) he was elected Register of Deeds for Outagamie county ; he was re-elected in 1888. In December, 1887, Captain Baer with Cap- tain J. D. Brothers (see sketch) and Jacob Ko- ber were appointed a commission for the relief of indigent soldiers of Outagamie County by Judge J. F. Harriman. In 1888, Mr. Baer received the appointment of Aidede-Camp on the staff of Commander A. H. Weissert. Mr. Baer is descended from ancestral .stock of Prussian origin. His grandfather emigrated to the Buckeye State. John J. Baer, his father, was born in Pennsjdvania and married Nancy Palmer, a native of Maryland and the battle of Antietam was fought on the farm of her father. She was of German extraction. November 18, 1867, Mr. Baer was married to Libbie C. Riley. Her father was a native of Ohio and a captain in the 50th Ohio Infantry. Her grandfather was born in South Carolina and was a soldier of 1812. Her mother, Sarah Blair before mar- riage, was cousin to Frank P. Blair. Four children belong to the household of Mr. and Mrs. Baer— Attie M., C. Otho, Eddie S., and John M. Mrs. Baer is deeply intei-ested in all matters pertaining to the welfare of the soldiers, and is active in effort in their interest. She is born Nov. gifted with genius and a writer of j)oetry of rare merit. ICHARD R. CROWE, JR., of Winne- conne. Wis., formerly a soldier of the Union army in the rebellion, pub- lisher of the Winneconne Local, was 3, 183'J, in Nova Scotia, and is the son of Richard R. and Mary Ann (Cogswell) Crowe. His parents were married Jan. 9, 1830, and had nine children. They were named in the order of their birth tThdeon C, William E., Mary A., Thompson P., Richard R., Adaline A., Harriet R., George W. and Burton I. Harriet died in 1863, and George W. in 1867. Richard was married July 10, 1867, at Plainfield, to Esther Weymoutli, who was born in Maine. She is the daughter of Israel and Emily Weymouth. Their chil- dren are named Arthur W., Cora and Ethel M. In 1850 Mr. Crowe came to Wisconsin with his parents, being then 11 years old, and lo- cated at Fond du Lac, where he was em- ployed as a farm assistant until 1855, when he moved to Waushara county, which has since been the residence of '^is parents. When he was 21 years old he learned the carpenter's trade and operated as a mechanic until he went into the army. He enlisted Oct. 15, 1863, in Company F, 32nd Wi.sconsin Infantry, at Madison, for three years. He left the State with his regiment Oct. oOth, and was as- signed to the army of Grant, and his first service was in the movement called the Ox- ford raid. Under countermanding orders he went back to Holly Springs and was in the severe march to Grand Junction and thence in pursuit of Price and Xan Dorn. Until Janu- ary, 1864, he was engaged princi])ally in looking after Forrest and then went to \'icksburg and started on the Meridian expedition. It was successful and the command re- turned to Vicksburg, and he afterwards went to Columbus and Paducah, and was with his command in all the skirmishes and movements until he went to the siege of Atlanta, after which he was in the fight at Jonesboro ; he went then with Sherman's army in the march through Georgia and remained with his command until the firing of the city of 466 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF Golumbiii, S. C. As they marched through the city, tlie Union soldiers were assaulted in the vilest way by the women and children who hurled every conceivable thing from the win- dows and many were severely injured, but there was no retaliation until tliey camped about a mile from tlie city. At evening tlie soldiers went back and tired the city in a num- ber of places. General Sherman made his headquarters there, but was compelled to cliange tliree times in the night, and in the morning occupied a tent in the field, not a building being left standing in Columbia, and those who had done the dirty work of the pre- vious day were compelled to appeal to tiie Union soldiers for food and shelter. Mr. Crowe was injuried at Columbia and was sent to tlie rear and to the iiospital at Beaufort, S. C, and came thence to Madison, Wis., where he was dis- charged on surgeon's certificate of disabil- ity, May 80, 1865. He lost his health en- tirely. He returned to \Vau.shara, where lie re- mained until February, 1887. He conducted a hutel al Plain Held for five years and, at the date mentioned, sold his place and removed to Winneconne, where he purchased the plant of the Winneconne Local, of which he is editor and proprietor; he is puslunghis interests in a careful business manner, is securing for his jouriud the conlidence of his patrons, and the circulation is increasing. His establish- ment is centrally located and in every appoint- ment is a credit to the place. Mr. Crowe is a prominent member of the Plainfield Masonic Lodge and of G. A. R. Post No. 194, of tliat place. His oldest son is engaged as a jeweler at Merrill. Cora is a teacher at Malcolm, Wis. X-g;)^ AMUEL GIRARD, of Clintonville, Wis., ^?^4 a member of G. A. R. Po'st No. 32, was born Oct. 27, 1816, in Rome, Oneida Co., New York. He is the son of Samuel and Margaret (Perry) Girard and his father was a soldier in 1812. His patei'nal grandfather, Peter Girard, was a patriot of the Revolution and was in the command of Gen- eral LaFayette, his son Samuel being born on the ocean while his i)arents were coming to America. Stephen Girard, the Philadeljjhia philanthropist, was the brother of Peter Girard. On the second day of March, 1835, Mr. Girard was married to Esther Davis and six of their children are living. Tliey were born in the following order: — Esther, McGuire, Emily, •Jane, Ambro.se and Albert. Emily married Harvey Bridge, now a resident of Grand Rapids, Mich. Twelve of tlie children of Sam- uel Girard are deceased. They were Louisa, Samuel William, Mar\', Napoleon Woodford, James, Amelia, George William, Margaret, William Henry, Peter, Cynthia and Albert. Samuel enlisted in October, 1861, in the 15th Kentucky, U. S. Regulars, commanded by Capt. Petterson, and died March 7, 1862. Mc- Guire enlisted with Samuel to be rejected on account of his eyes; he made several subse- quent efforts to enlist without success and when he was drafted was rejected. He determ- ined to fight in another capacity, and per- formed effective service in the second of election his hero and ideal man — Abraham Lincoln. Mrs. Girard's father, Peter Davis, was a sol- dier in the war of the Revolution and was in command of a fort in the second war with Great Britain. Mr. Girard continued to reside in his native State until 1845, when he re- moved to Oshkosh, Wis., and was residing there when he determined to enlist, which he did at Oshkosh May 4, 1864, in Cbmpany E, 38tli Wisconsin Infantry for three years. The enlistment and organization of the regiment was irregular from the ces.sation of bounties about the time four companies were mustered in and ordered to. the field, and Com[)any E joined the battalion in front of Petersburg where active operations were going on.. Mr. Girard went into service immediately and four days after his arrival the mine was exploded, and the regiment, scai-cely 100 strong, consist- ing of Companies B and E, led the charge after the explosion, holding the })il until four o'clock in the alternoon. On the .second day the com- mand retired to the second line and resumed their former position on the following day. Mr. Girard was in constant activity there until August 19th when he accompanied the regi- ment to the a.ssault on the VVeldon railroad. On the 20tli he was wounded and went to Lin- coln hospital at Washington whence he was transferred to Philadelphia and there remained in hospital until his discharge June 2, 1865. He returned to his home at Embarass, whither he had removed from Oshkosh in 1857, and PERSONAL RECORDS. 467 has never recovered from tlie effects of his in- jury. He was engaged in lumbering at the date of his enhstment and since leaving mili- tary life has not performed any labor. He has been a resident ot ('Hntonville, since 1883. -J•^^■^^>t^^^.«5*^,-«^.^ DWARD OWENS, of Oshko.sh, Wis., ^ and -a member of (i. A. K. Post No. '','0^ 10, was born in Montgomeryshire, North Wales, March 18, 184t>. He is the son of Evan and Sarah ( )wens, who now live in the town of Algoma, Winnebago Co., Wis., and they came to America in 1849 and located near Neenah, Wis. The son was reared on a farm and was a few months past 17 when he enlisted as a soldier. He enrolled at Nee- nah, Wis., in Battery C, 1st Wisconsin Heavy Artillery for three years. The battery was attached to the command of General Thomas, Army of the Cumberland, and, in the fall of 1863, took position at Fort Wood, Chattanooga. The battery supported the troojjs of the com- mand during the contests which made that location famous and was, afterwards, at Mission Ridge and in the capture of Lookout Mountain. Afterwards, Battery C was stationed at Fort Creighton and, later, at Fort Sherman, in whicii holdings they were occupied until March 1865, when the batteiy was transferred to Athens, East Tennessee, and successively to Mouse Creek and Strawberry Planis, in Jeffer- son Co., Tenn. The close of the war did not immediately relieve the forces holding positions in the demoralized portions of the South, as the new conditions were misapprehended and matters were, consequently, in a state that necessitated protection during the adjustment to follow. Mr. Owens was not relieved until November and was finally discharged at Madi- son, Wis., on the 3Uth day of November, 1865. He endured all the laborious service of an artilleryman, acquiring a practical knowledge of heavy and light artillery tactics and of infantry drill as well, it always being immi- nent to artillerymen to be called into action in the capacity of infantry. The hard work incident can hardly be estimated. The service during the first weeks at Chattanooga were especially severe. Tlie rebel battei'ies were planted on the surrounding hills and there was no opportunity for the Union army to forage. The suffering for food was, in con- sequence, very great, and for months they received only part rations. Every morning the line was formed and each man in turn received one hard tack and a tin cup of coffee. For the noonday meal one hardtack, a piece of bacon an inch S(iuare, and another tin cup of coffee was served. The supper was a repetition of tlie breakfast. The men went to bed to dream of abundance of the most palatable food the earth afforded and waked to hunger agaui. Mr. Owens, with his comrades, frequently for- aged for the corn which had been scattered by accident in the mud, washed the pi'oceeds of their labor and cooked and ate it, wishing it were more with all their souls. The desidera- tum of existence seemed the end of the war and an opportunity to go home and " fill them- selves full with food." One of the members of the battery wrote home just before Christmas, 1864, " 1 wish you all a meriy Christmas ; I wish 1 had a bully breakfa.st; I'd let your Christmas dances go and eat and drink like fun, you know." But at last. Grant came and orders were issued to take the surrounding hills and after that hunger was soon a thing of the past. During the first days at Chattanooga, the rebel guns were planted on Lookout. At intervals the shot and shell would pass over the Union soldiers, the rebels being unable to defiect the guns to fire into the town. Mr. Owens and a comrade were walking idly about the outskirts of the place when the}' observed a ]Hiff of white smoke, heard the roll of the report like distant thunder and wondered where that shell would strike. He was startled an instant after by seeing his companion whirl a summersault in the air and felt him.self dazed. The shell had burst in their immediate vicinity and stunned them. This teemed his narrowest escape, and being the first fire to which he was subjected, it still seems most vivid although a ([uarter of a century has elapsed. Tlie first day of January, 1864, was remarkable all over the country for excessive cold, but he relates that he came nearer freez- ing to death on the last night of 1863 in East Tennessee than he ever did in Northern Wis- consin. After the battle of Mission Ridge, passing by a dead rebel, he picked up a Testa- ment that lay near him. It seemed to have been taken from his pocket and he probably read it after being mortally wounded, knowing 468 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF tluil he could not live. On the side of the hook, whicli iw still in the possession of Mr. Owens, is a bullet murk. He has also the belt of a rebel officer whicli he picked uj) on the same field. A short j)eriod of his service was passed in the hospitals at Chattanooga, Nashville and St. Louis. While at the latter he was ill with snudl-pox and was on an island in the river. The terrible scenes lie there saw are burned into his recollection. His case was of the con- fluent type and he was, consequently in the wards appropriated to such, and he lay on an inflated rubber bed peculiarly adapted to the comfort of "sore humanity." One of the patients became delirious and suddenly jumped through a window, carrying away the sash. He was found tiie next morning in a clump of willows, sitting on a log as if meditating; he ilied the next day. Another, a middle-aged man, broke through a door, ran through the woods, and in some manner crossed the river to the Missouri side. He .afterwards recovered. Mr. Owens became a member of Philip H. Sheridan Post, No. 10, G. A. R., of Oshkosh in 1882 and was Adjutant in 1885 and S(), and in 1887 served as Vice-Commander, and is now Commander. He was still a very young man when the war was ended and after he returned to Osh- kosh he ])assi'd thn^e years in .school and has been engaged in the lumlier bu.sinees most of the time since he left school after the war. -^»»^ -^^^iJ^^i^S.^-^iiff?*?-. %^3S J- ILLIAM ZICKERICK, Neenah, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 129, was born Sept. 8, 182.1, at Greenrade, Province of Briindenburg, Prussia. His parents, Michael and Charlotte (Walgart) Zickerick, were Prus- sians by birth. The government controlled the destinies of the sons of Mr. Zickerick's grandfather, two of whom were in military service. His uncle, William, belonged to the Prusiiiin guards, " Alexander's Regiment", and was in the battle of Leipsic ; his uncle, Charles, was a Prussian soldier and fought in the Ger- man army against Napoleon. His father was exempt from military service, being the son of a civil official, the grandfather holding a posi- tion as town clerk. In 1848 his parents came to America with all the members of their family excepting himself. He was educated according to the law of his country and when he was at the age of conscription he was assigned to the artillery service in the Prussian army. He was trained in a school of instruction and learned the profession of artilleryman ; he was a non-commissioned officer in the " flying artil- lery " and served three years. After his family came to America he determined to follow and reached New York, May 1, 1848, and went im- mediately to the farm of his father in Lomira, Dodge county, Wisconsin. The next winter he engaged in lumbering and built a sawmill on one of the water courses and continued his operations in that line of business until 1854, when he determined to follow his inclina- tion and entered the i.^inistrv. He took the necessary steps to connect himself with the Evangelical Association of North America and entered upon active ministerial life which has been his profession and in which he has operated actively for 34 years with the exception of the time pas.sediii the army. Nov. 25, 1861, he received from Governor Randall a recruiting conamission and recruited men for the 12tli Battery, Wisconsin Light Artillery and was mustered March 1, 1802, as Senior 1st Lieu- tenant. July 18, 1862, he was made captain and was mustered out as such June 12, 1865. The command left the State for St Louis where they received their equipments, consisting of two 24-pound howitzers and two 20-pouiid Par- rots. May 7th the command started for Pitts- burg Landing and went via Cairo and Padueah and up the Tennessee River to Hamburg and thence to Farmington where they were detailed to the 1st Missouri Light Artillery for which the organization was recruited. The battery was in action at Farmington and went tlience to the siege of Corinth where Lieutenant Zick- erick was in command of his section in a heavy artillery fight and afterwards pursued tlie fiy- ing rebels to Booneville, and Ripley, Mi.ss., marching back to Clear Creek. June 15th they went backjto Ripley and returned to Clear Creek. August 14th they wem to Jacinto and thence to fight at luka September 12th. Capt;iin Zick- erick was there taken sick with fever and sent to the hospital at Corinth; on the 24th he re- ceived sick furlough for 20 days which was after- wards extended and he came home to Wiscon- sin. November 13, 1852, he rejoined his com- PERSONAL RECORDS. 469 mand at Davis Mills and entered upon his duty as chief officer. The battery was assigned to the Army of the Tennessee and Captain Zick- erick was with the troops of Grant on the Ox- ford raid to Holly Springs and went to the Oriskany Swamp, rejoining tlie body of Grant's command between Germantown and CoUiers- ville. His battery acted as railroad guard until February 7, 1863, wlien the command started for Mempliis and was stationed near that city until March 1st when tlie battery went alioard the transport Campbell and started on the Yazoo expedition, the transport leading the fleet and the 12tii battery shelling the right side of the river to protect the otlier vessels. They disem- barked near Green Lake Station, Ark., and after two days resumed their course on the river. March 8th they debarked five miles below Helena and camped on a sand bank until Marcli 24th when thej' cut the levee at Moon l^ake and they were on the Yazoo pass expedition 10 days. They were on that stream and run their boat through dense woods, tiie riyer being so ob- structed that they could sometimes see the place at evening which they had left in the morning. Friday, April 3rd, they landed above Yazoo City and opened fire on the fort the next day. On that night they went on Ijoard the boat and started back, arriving on the santl bank near Helena, April 10th. April IGth they went aboard the steamer Blackhawk and reached Milliken's Bend the next day. They were there when the naval force under Commodore Porter sailed past ^'icksburg. April 25th Captain Zick- erick left Milliken's Bend to go to Richmond in the rear of \^icksburg and was stationed at Holmes' Plantation and in the soft eartli the gun carriages sunk to the hubs, the men being obliged to help the horses. They crossed tlie Mississippi below Grand Gulf and at tlie battle of Port Gibson were in a sharp fight May 1st and 2nd. May 4th the command went to the Black River and May 12th, Captain Zickerick was in the battle at Raymond. Two days after he fouglit at .Jackson and on the 16th at Cham- pion's Hill. In that fight. Captain Zickerick formed 42 pieces of artillery in line of battle and Grant gave him personal orders to iiold the position at all hazards. On the morning of the 17th the force moved to Vicksburg with a large number of prisoners and on tlie 20th the siege of Mcksburg began. Cai^tain Zickerick was stationed with his battery 300 yards from one of the strongest outposts of the city on the Jack- son Road. On the morning of the 24th, witli Lieutenants Harlow and Amsden,with whom he had served his battery all night, were lying near their guns when they received a volley from tlie rebels. Captain Zickerick had six holes in his blanket. The confederate battery whicii assaulted them was very annoying to the Federal infantry and Captain Zickerick re- moved a gun to an elevation from which he could secure sufficient depression and sent them a spherical case shot which silenced tiiem and, afterwards, when the reliels hung out their Hag of truce found that the shot killed 12 men and woanded 16. (This- was the rebel statement of the case to the gunner of Captain Zickerick's section.) After the surreiKLr of July 4th the battery went into the breastworks. September 11th they went on the steamer John Roe, to Helena into camp. September 26 tliey started for Mempliis and went thence to Corinth. (After the siege of Viclcsburg Captain Zickerick served as Chief of Artillerv on tlie staff of General J. E. Smith.) The battery marched to Chattanooga to the relief of General Thomas and Captain Zicker- ick commanded his men during the battle of Lookout Mountain and Mission Ridge and went into camp at Huutsville. He received orders to return to Wisconsin on recruiting ser- vice and opened his office at Janesville, wiiere he remained until March 2, 1864, and enlisted 43 men for his batter}', going to Huntsvilleand resuming command of his battery, March 16th. In June, his command went to King.ston and guarded the railway and in July moved to Al- laloona to garrison that place. Captain Zick- erick was engaged in the work of rendering the forts effective and was in the fight witii General French October 5, KS64. Half his horses and •seven men were killed. Fifteen men were wounded and they fired 400 rounds of cannister and from morning until 2 r. m. the rebels were repulsed five times. November 12th they made connection with Sherman's army and marched through Georgia to Savannah. The battery was in heavy action there and for about 10 days carried on an artillery duel with the rebels. Captain Zickerick lost the hearing of his left ear from the explosion of the shells and is still deaf. December 21st his command entered Savannah and after two weeks went to Beaufort and thence to Columbia and Fayette- ville and Bentonville and at the latter place was in a three days fight. The battery jiro- 470 SOLDIERS ALBUM OF ceeded with tlie columns of Sherman to Peters- burg, Richmond and Wasliington and his bat- tery lired the signal gun for the cohimns of troops to start in Review. He reached Wiscon- sin June 7tli and was mustered out of military service. During the whole of his service he was only slightly injured, receiving small wounds in his foot, right ankle and right side at Vicksburg, and in. the back of his head at Savannah. His brother, Frederick D., was a soldier in the ord Wisconsin Infantry and his l)rother Charles is a resident of Fnnd du Lac After tlie war was over Cai)tain Zickcrick was offered a captaincy in ibe 'Aid U. S. Artillery but he had taken a solemn pledge to return to the ministry and lie did so. He was married Af)ri! 20, 1853, to Henrietta Zimmermann and they have two surviving children named Emma Rebecca and Silas Ben- jamin. Anna Lydia and Sarah Esther died in infancy. The daughter is married to Rufus C. Reed of Oshkosh ; their son is named Leon. Silas B. is in the emploj' of the Milwaukee Northern railroad company. AVID JOHNSTON RYAN, Appleton, Wis., was born at Fort Howard, June 20, 1840, and came to Aj)i)le- ton in the fall of 1853, locating at Menasha in the summer of 1854. The record of iiis )>arents appears in connection with tlie sketch of his brother, Hon. Sam. Ryan. He was a loyal hearted boy and felt his obligations to his parents, and when the civil war came on strove to quiet his inclinations and to remain at home, but finally yielded to tlie spirit that po.ssessed him and enlisted at Menasha, August 5, 1862, in Company I, 21st Wisconsin Infantry, for three years. In less than a montii after lie left Wisconsin, he was sliot on the held of Perryville and left for dead. Twenty-four hours afterwards, he was discovered by Rev. 0. P. Clinton, of Appleton, Chaplain of the regi- ment, and properly cared for. March 21, 1SG3, as soon as lie was able to travel, he was dis- charged and sent home, jjartially disabled for life.- When the 100-day regiments were formed, he enlisted in Company D, 41st Wisconsin Infantry, (May 19, 1864) and went with the command to perform post duty in Tennessee and served until mustered out in September following. He returned to Menasha where he performed clerical duty in the Land Office, serving a short time as receiver ; he also =erved a short time as Town and Villago Clerk, although adverse to holding public oltice. He became a ja-ominent Free Mason l)efore the war and is a Knight Templar ; he has also belonged to the Odd Fellows for many years. Soon after the death of his father, he removed with his mother to Ap])letou where he has since resided. He is an influential member of the G. A. R. and has filled various offices in the local jiost; and, so far as his health per- mits, is an active business man. He has never married. UMNER LEROY FERGUSON, of An- tigo, Wis., and a member of Post No. 78, was born May 1 0, 1833, at Daltou, Berkshire, Co., Mass. He went to the State of New York with his parents when seven years old and was 13 when the family removed to Sheboygan, Wis. His father was a farmer and was one of the early settlers in that locality, building the second sawmill in that county at a place called Glenbeulah, where the son passed the years of his youth until he learned the business of a mason, in 1S49. This has been his occupation through life, and in it he has earned a substantial reputation as a man and artisan. He was, in early manhood, also interested in current events and the assault on the National flag in Charleston harbor bore to him a special message. He enlisted April 27, 1861, in Company K, 4th Wisconsin Infantry, at Chilton, Calumet county, for tliree years, and was discharged at New Orleans, Sept. 26th, 1865, at the termination of the war. The Wisconsin 4th was in the service a longer pe- riod than any other from the State. Mr. Ferguson was in the detail that seized and attached a locomotive at Corning to the regimental train, the authorities having re- fused to run it to Elmira. At Harrisburg, the colonel borrowed muskets to be in readiness for action, as the spirit roused by the defeat at Bull Run was rife. The fall was passed in a tri- umphant march through the counties of the " Eastern Shore " and after considerable service went to New Orleans, making the journey there PERSONAL RECORDS. 471 by ship transportation. He saw tiie bombard- ment of Forts Jackson and St. Philip, and the extinction of the rebel fleet engaged. The detailed account of his experiences would make a volume and half that transpired in the regimental roster has never been told. He was in the command when it marched, in May, to the St. Charles, led by the national music, and suri'ounded by infuriated rebels. He was on provost guard in the city until sent to the destruction of the Jaek.son & Mississippi railroad, and all the mouth ot May was passed after leaving New (Orleans, "in decisive warfare. On the last days of the month they went to Baton Rouge and on the way were in a sharp encounter. In June he went to Vicks- burg and was engaged in the dispersion of a rebel battery at Bayou Black at Grand Gulf, where he aidetl in tiring the buildings and he was in the detachment which assisted in the construction of one of the canals at Vicksburg. August 5th, he was in the tight with Brecken- ridge and helped teach him tliat "God was not dead, if the 4th Wisconsin was badly broken by disease." He was among those who pre- pared to destroy Baton Rouge, which was saved by the intervention of the colonel, Hal- bert E. Paine. In September he fought at Bonne Carre Point, and was ni the subsequent work between that and the siege of Port Hud- son, in which he jiarticipated from May 2Gth to July 8th, 1SG3. Four liays after he went again to Baton Rouge. (He was in the action known as Camp Bisland previous to the siege.) On arrival at that place the regiment was equipped and made the "4th AVisconsin Cavalry" and passed many months in all manner of desul- tory warfare conducive to peace. In October he was in a detail for duty along the left bank of the Mississippi River from Baton Rouge to Donaldsonville, :ind in January he veteranised. He went with the command to Mobile and was in the reserve until the surren- der, when he went to Spanish Fort and P'ort Blakely after the surrenders there, and then on to Georgia, arriving at A^ickslnirg after sev- enty days in the saddle with little intermis- sion. Thence he went to Texa.s, where he op- erated in the protection of the people, the feel- ing being very bitter and troops being required to aid in the readjustment of affairs. Mr. Fer- guson acted as Quarter-Master's Sergeant at New Orleans, passing the grades of promotion from Corporal. After discharge he returned to Chilton, and removed to Merrill in 1877, remaining two years, when he went to Antigo, then in its wil- derness days. He has since been identitied with its growth and progress and has been prominent in the construction of its buildings. He is also a farmer, his landed property lying in the township of \'das. In the town of Rolling, Langlade county, he officiated as Town Treas- urer two years. His parents, William and Electa (Abbey) Ferguson, were natives of Mas.sachu.setts. The forbears of the latter were among the first set- tlers of the Bay State, and those of the former were from Scotland. Mr. Ferguson was mar- ried Oct. 30,-1852, to Mary S. Pettis, and their children are Mary Jane, Eugene N., Matilda A. and Nellie B. Tiiree children are deceased. Ada Belle died at 2(j, Frank when aged one year and Francesca when six months old. The oldest daughter is Mrs. Edward Pratt. The oldest son married Rose Pettis and they have a daughter named Florence. Matilda is the wife of George Remington. The deceased daughter was the wife of Edward Teipner, and left three children — Maud M., Oscar M. and Mabel. Hiram K. Pettis, the l)rothcr of Mrs. Fergu- son, was an enlisted man in Company K., 4th Wisconsin, and died while in the service from disease contracted in the malarial swamps. Mr. Ferguson was wounded in both shoulders at Port Hudson, but remained in camp until fit for duty. He was ill at Baton Rouge and in liospital there with typhoid pneumonia in the spring of 1864, for two months, just escaping with life. He was in the regimental hospital in 1862, ■ while in front of Vicksburg, with chronic bowel troubles from which he has suf- fered since. ■►.iSW^->-^»^. l^*Sf-^<^*>> born in 1834 in Lincoln, Chenango son of in Lincoln Co., New York. He is the Samuel and Avis (Maxwell) Pulford. and both were natives of Connecticut. They removed from the "land of wooden nutmegs" to New York, and, later to Wisconsin. They located in Oconto county where the son was engaged in lumbering. He was occupied in that calling until he enlisted in 1861 in Company F, 12th Wisconsin Infantry. He left the State with the regiment and was with the command in the marches and movements until he was taken sick and he was discharged as permanently disabled July 25, 1862. Subsequent to his re- turn to Wisconsin, when precautions about the soundness of recruits was relaxed on account of scarcity of men, he was drafted and secured his release on payment of $300. After his return to Wisconsin he again be- came a lumberman and is in the employ of the Holt Lumber Company of Oconto. He was mar- ried in 1862 to Joanna Donovan and they have three children — Avis, Ida and Herbert. His brother Samuel resides in Tuxton, N. Y.; Wil- liam lives in Iowa and Woodward in Juneau county in Wisconsin. His sister Caroline lives in Ilhnois and Avis resides in Wisconsin. '^r0SEPH LAISURE, JR., of Peshtigo, Wis., was born Sept. 10, 1838, in Louis- ville, St. Lawrence Co., New York. He is the son of Joseph and Mary (Mackell) Lajsure, and he was a resident of the Empire State nearly 30 years. He was a farmer and brought up to a knowledge of that busi- ness in his native place. Witliin the first few months of the war he determined to enlist and Aug. 30, '61, he went to Canton in the same county where he resided and enlisted in Com- pany A, 60th New York Infantry, for three years. Oct. 29, 1864, he received honorable discharge as "Joseph Lasier," at Atlanta, Ga., his term liaving expired. April 1, 1865, he en- listed as a substitute in the 96th New York In- fantry. The regiment made connection with the Army of the Potomac soon after his enlist- ment and was assigned to the forces in the Shenandoah valley under Banks and he was in the first battle of Winchester. The regiment was assigned afterwards to McDowell's corps and Mr. Laisure was in the movements on the Hapi)ahannock. The attempt of McDowell to form connection with McClellan prevented his participating in the horroi's of the movements in the Chickahominy Swamps. Mr. Laisure fougiit attlie 2iul Bull Run, at Antietam.Chan- cellorsville, and (Gettysburg and, later, the regi- ment was re-assigned and sent to the Army of the Tennessee. He was in the fight at Wau- hatchie, at Lookout Mountain, at Bald Hill, Dallas, Burnt Hickory, and Peach Tree Creek, and in tiie actions called liy the general name of Kenesaw Mountain. He received final and honorable discharge at Bristol, Tenn., in Janu- ai"y, 1866. A reminiscence to which Mr. Lais- ure refers with the satisfaction of a patriot and Union soldier occurred on the field at Chancel- lorsville. Darkness had overtaken the fighting columns and he was on picket, and standing quietly among the leaves. He heard ap- proaching footsteps and springing to his feet halted sevoj-al men, his bayonet striking the breast of a man in the rebel uniform. A con- federate captain and sergeant had captured two Union soldiers whom they were conducting to the rebel lines. Mr. Laisure took tiie two into custody and called the Sergeant of the guard who conducted the rebels to headquarters as prisoners of war. In 1867 Mr. Laisure removed to Peshtigo where he became interested in farming. He was married previously, and had a wife and five children when the place was visited by the scourge of fire that will forever make one of the most pathetic pages in the history of this country. Their home and all that they pos- sessed was destroyed by the fire, and witli PERSONAL RECORDS. 475 their little accumuhitions, the mother with all her children were consumed to death. Her name before marriage wa.s .Julia Ann Mackell. The children who suffered were named John, Florence, Edwin, Herbert and Morrissey. The date of the lire was October 8th, 1871. Mr. Laisure was again married to Elizabeth Kelly. Their children are named William Henry, Or- illa Belle, Nancy Elizabeth, .Joseph Merrill and Ewen Wesley. Edwin and Eunice are de- ceased. The father of Mr. Laisure was a sol- dier in the same regiment with his son — the 60th New York. His grandfather was a soldier in 1812. "OSIAH FILLER, of Kaukauna, Wis., and a former soldier for the Union, Vas born Aug. 8, 1834, in Frederick City, Md. His parents, John and Mary (Tuell) Filler were natives i-espectively of Prus- sia and Ireland and, when he was six years of age, they became residents of Pickaway Co., Ohio, where they belonged to the agricultural class. The son was bred to the same calling and was actively engaged in farming when he decided to enlist. In March, 1864, he enrolled in G Company, 46th Ohio Volunteer Inlantry at Columbus, Ohio, for three years. July 27, 1865, he received honorable discharge at Lou- isville, Ky. He made two unsuccessful at- tempts to enter the military service of his coun- try before the date g^ven of his accomplish- ment of his desires. In 1861 he offered him- self as a recruit of the 30tli Ohio Infantry but was rejected on account of a wen on his left hip. Subsequently, he made another offer to the same effect to be rejected a second time. He was permitted to become a member of the 46th when it veteranized. The command was at- tached to the 15th Army Corps, General John A. Logan commanding, being a part of the army of General Sherman and at the point of advance on the march through Georgia and the Carolinas. Mr. Filler joined the regiment at Woodville, Ala., and Scottsburg. The route was begun and he was soon after attacked with measles and was leftatHuntsville, Ala., whence he was removed, at his own request to the con- valescent camp at the same place. He continued there until July, 1864, when he was detailed as a clerk in the Christian Commission. Oct. 1st he returned to the general hospital, sick with chronic diarrhoea. As soon as he was able, he was detailed as chief of a command of 40 con- valescents, as guard on the Burns Plantation, where there were 200 disabled horses belong- ing to cavalry and artillery, to lie taken care of, and the foi'ce remainiui there until Hood made his appearance at Decatur just previous to the fight at Nashville, when it became necessary to abandon the line of railway extending from Stevenson to Nashville via Decatur. The detail was ordered to Stevenson with all the govern- ment property and reported to Colonel Lyon of the 13th Wisconsin. At Paint Rock Bridge the rebels assailed the force, including G Com- pany of Colonel Lyons' command. The scrim- mage was a lively one and the rebs succeeded in cutting off the contraband followers of the train, but did no damage of much account. The detail was assigned to the 10th Indiana ("avalry, which command, in connection with the 2nd Tennessee and 15th Pennsylvania Cavalry, and portions of the 12th and 13th In- diana Cavalry, commanded b}' Colonel Palmer of the Pennsylvania regiment, returned to Paint Rock Creek and thence went to Hunts- ville. From there they made a sortie to Brownsburo and Maysville where sharp fight- ing with the 4th Alabama under Colonel Rus- sell took place, resulting in a complete rout of the rebels. The command proceeded to Decatur, where there was another encounter with Russell, after which they crossed the river three miles below Decatur. A start from that point in pursuit of Hood's wagon train was made ; it was overtaken on the morning of New Year's Day, 1865, and they captured 300 wagons and 1,500 mules. The day was celebrated by a bonfire in which the captured property of a combustible nature figured prominently, including muskets and ammunition supplies. The rebel General Rod- ney was close in the rear, and it became a mat- ter of interest that they should put safe dis- tance between themselves and his 5,000 cav- alry. Accordingly, they pressed guides into service and took to the woods, arriving safely with a loss of but six killed and a few wounded at Huntsville. Mr. Filler was sent thence to Richmond and from there to the place where he was mustered out as mentioned. In 1865 he came to Wisconsin and engaged in the operations of lumbering at Watertown, in Jefferson county. He removed to Kaukauna 476 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF in 1867 and first engaged in teaming and in other business as opportunity presented. Fi- nally, he engaged in the vocation of a grocer and is now operating in that line of traffic on the island between the two divisions of the town. He was married Dec. 25, 1856, to Lucinda Pratt, and their children are named John C, Allen D., Edward W. and George H. Mary died at two and Blanche at the age of eleven. Mr. Filler is now living with a second wife, formerly Miss Eva Price, to whom he was married in June, 1883. Their children are named Joseph and Grover. Mr. Filler lias officiated two years as Clerk of Kaukauna and for the same length of time as Assessor. OHN C. KROLL, of New London, Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 46, was born Dec. 11, 1831, in Usczneudorf, I'ru.ssia. He is the son of Martin and Elizabeth (Hardin) Kroll. He came to Wis- consin and located in Winnebago county. Feb. 14, 1865, he enlisted at Oshkosh, in Company C, 46th Wisconsin Infantry, for one year, ami was (li.scliarged at Nashville, Tenn., Sept. 27th following. The regiment was in rendezvous at Camp Randall, Madison, and left the State in March under orders to proceed to Athens, Ala., where it was engaged in guarding the Nash- ville and Decatur railroad until mustered out. Mr. Kroll was attacked with bloody Hux and hemorrhoids and passed four weeks in the hos- pital at Athens. He was e.\:cu.sed from duty after leaving the hospital, being too weak for service. After being discharged, the regiment returned to Madison and, about the middle of October, Mr. Kroll went to Oshkosh, and, after becoming strong enough, tried to work, but could not do so. In the fall of 1865, he sold his place at Oshkosh and moved to a farm near New London. He managed the place about five years, when he was taken sick with the same disease he contracted in the army and was obliged to sell his farm. He is at present following the business of a carpenter. He was married July 23, 1856, to Wilhelmina Fred- erich, at Oshkosh. Following is the record of their children : Sophie was born October IS, 1857: Augusta A. 0., July 29, 1859; Henrietta M., July 16, 1861 ; William R., June 21, 1863 ; Wilhelmina L., Ajml 21, 1865. Augusta A. 0. died April 29, 1863, and was buried at Osh- kosh, Wis. i.. AVID H. HOWE, of Stevens Point, ?)^l ^is., member of G. A. R. Post No. 156, was born August 8, 1835, in Norwich, Windsor Co., Vt., and he is the son of Joseph F. and Hannah (Miles) Howe. His paternal grandfather was a soldier in 1812. Mr. Howe resided in his native State until he was 13 years old, and in 1848 went with his parents to New Hampshire. In 1853 he went to New York. During the first year of the war, he determined to enter the army, and he enlisted September 14, 1861, in Com- pany K., 60th New York Infantry, at •Parish ville,- St. Lawrence Co, New York, for three years. He received honorable discharge Oct. 29, 1864, at Atlanta, Ga. His regiment was assigned to service at Harper's Ferry under General Banks and went to the valley of the Siienandoah. After the fight at Wnichester and the famous retreat, he was in the fight at Cedar Mountain, and afterwards at Antietam, and in May, 1863, fought at Chancellorsville, followed Lee in his invasion of the North and was the battle of Gettvsburg. The command m went to re-enforce Grant under "fighting Joe Hooker,"' and after the battle at Wauhatchie joined the Army of the West, and he was in the battle of Lookout Mountain. November 25th, lie was wounded and jjassed some months in the hospitals at TuUalioma and Chattanooga. The action at Mission Ridge was the last in which he participated until the troops were organized for the Atlanta campaign, and he was in the fights in Georgia preceding the siege of At- lanta and including Resaca, Kenesaw Moun- tain, Buzzard's Roost, Allatoona, Peach Tree Creek and received honorable discharge just previous to the movement of the 2Ut]i Corps in the march to the .sea. He returned to New York and in 1865 went to Michigan where he resided eight years and removed to Wisconsin in 1873. Since the war, he has operated as a carpenter and builder. He was married in October, 1872, to Sarah Goodale. Their children who are living are named Sarah E., Hattie M. and Cora L. Two PERSONAL RECORDS. 477 children, who were named successively John G., died in infancy ; Lilly A. is also deceased. He was first married Oct. 14, 1858, to Matilda Emlaw who died .Jan. 17, 1872, after becoming the mother of three children, named Ella M., Ida E, and Willie D. When Mr. Howe was injured in the war, he was charging up the hill at Mission Kidge, when a rebel shell struck a rock and threw it against his hip, indicting a serious wound ; two men were necessary to release him from tlie rock under which he was crushed, and also in the same action a minie ball pas.sed through his left hand, rendering it entirely useless. ■'^>*^--^>*^^^lCi^-''^^<£-^ HARLES H. HILFERT, of Appleton, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post Geo. D. Eggleston, No. 133, was born March 29, 184."), in Langenbielan, Province of Silesia, Prus.sia. His father, Carl Hilfert, died when he was two years old and his widowed mother brought him to America in 1854. They came direct from New York to Mayville, Wis., and, in 1856, went to Menasha. He was little more than a lad when the attack was made on Fort Sumter in 1861, and within the next year he decided to enroll in the regu- lar service, and enlisted May 29, 1862, in D Company, 1st Battalion, 14th United States Regular Lifantry. He joined the command at Newport News as soon as possible after enroll- ment, and was in the fight at Antietam. At the second Bull Run battle the comi)any of which he was a member acted as train guard. He fell ill and was sent to the hospital at Fred- erick in October, 1862, and remained 11 weeks, when he was transferred to the Convalescent Camp in the vicinity of Washington to be dis- charged Jan. 31, 18()3. He returned to Menasha where he recruited his health, preparatory to a second enlistment, - which he made Jan. 8, 1864, at Madison as a recruit in the Wisconsin 21st Infantry. He joined the regiment at Lookout Mountain where it was stationed until May 2, 1864. Mr. Hilfert took part in the sj^lendid Hank move- ment at Snake Gap and was in the fight at Re- saca. May 14th. Pumpkin Vine Creek, Big Shant}', and Kenesaw Mountain followed, in all of which he participated. At the siege of Atlanta he was in active warfare and fought at Jonesboro. In November lie set out on the march to the sea and was connected with all that was done in the way of burning cities, de- stroying and building roads, foraging and dri- ving rebels. Savannah was taken, after which the Carolina campaign commenced in which he took part. When the active operations of the 21st ceased, Mr. Hilfert was mustered out of that command and assigned to the Wisconsin 3d, with which he was connected until July 26, 1865, when he was finally discharged and was mustered out at Louisville, Ky. He was pro- moted to the rank of Corporal of D Company. He returned to Menasha and passed two years in boating on Lake Winnebago, after which he was occupied as a laborer in various capacities until 1872, when he become a maker of spokes and is now foreman of the factory of Marston ifc Beveridge at Appleton, with which he has been connected 14 years. In 1885 he was elected Alderman and still holds that of- fice. (1887). Oct. 9, 1870, he was married to Caroline Morrey and they have six children — Henry 0., Clara, Ida, Francis, Albert and Edward. rcjr^ V^r H.LIAM E. WHEELER, of Me- v(^!KW nasha. Wis., member of G. A. R. Post .1^0. 14 was born in Canada near Lake Champlain, March 4, 1842. He is the son of .Jonathan and Mary (Scott) Wheeler and the former was a soldier in the British service in 1S26-7. Following is the record of the brothers and sisters of Mr. Wheel- er. Miles H. lives at Neenah. Louisa, wife of Ber- nard Mathewson, lives on Doty Island, Me- nasha. Margarie married Edward Landing, of Alburgh, Vt. Mary is the widow of W. W. Freeman, former postmaster of Menasha, who died in April, 1881. Joseph R. lives at Downing, Wis. Thomas D. lives at Elmwood, Wis. Viola married Benjamin Roby, of Web- ster City, Iowa. Henry lives at St. Paul, Minn. Mr. Wheeler has been a resident of Menasha since 1800 and he first worked there in a wooden ware factory, and afterwards as a teamster. Sept. 18, 1861, he enlisted in Com- pany C, 10th Wisconsin Infantry, Captain Richardson, for three years or during the war. 478 SOLDtERS* ALBUM OP* The regiment was organized at Milwaukee and left the State Nov. 9th for Louisville, Ky., going thence to Siiepherdsville, Ky., where they were stationed as railroad guard ami went to winter quarters at Bacon C'reuk. In February he went to Bowling (ireen and thence to Nashville, from there to Murfrees- boro, and marched successively through Ala- bama and Tennessee, helping to destroy a rail- road bridge near Chattanooga by which act, 40,- 000 men were prevented reinforcing Beaure- gax"d. Mr. Wlieeler was in several skirmishes, but saw his first battle at Perrj'ville, where Company C lost heavily in killed and wounded, among the latter being all the com- missioned officers. He was in the pursuit of the rebels and went into camp at Nashville. December 26th he went to figlit at Stone River, where he was in action three days and was next in battle at Chickamauga, where he acted as Color Sergeant and was captured with 12 oth- ers of his company, at the close of tlie second day's fight, all the regiment on the field being- taken prisoners. Ten days were consumed in the journey to Richmond, during which time three meals were served to the prisoners, con- sisting of meager rations of corn bread and something that was politely called beef. He was confined in Libby three months, taken thence to t)anville and in the latter part of April, 1864, was transferred to the stockade prison at Andersonville, where he remained during the summer. He became so reduced by starvation and cruelty that he was unable to walk and was placed in a convalescent camp outside the stockade, where he received a little better treat- ment. In November, 1864, he was paroled and went to hospital at Annapolis, Md. On the date of his capture, Sept. 20, 1863, he weighed 185 pounds and was considered the most robust man in the regiment ; when he reached An- napolis his weight was 95 pounds. He had lived on the meanest and scantiest food which included " nigger pea-soup." (When this was made, the boys would squabble for the bugs that covered its top, their acid taste relieving the parched sensation ni their mouths). Only two of his comrades, Hiram Eldridge and Martin Hoffman came out alive from the " hell-holes" of the South. He went home on a furlough and was discharged at Milwaukee, in January, 1865, and returned to Menasha. (See sketches of J. H. Jenkins, Dr. W. H. Chilson and others.) He was married Oct. 20, 1866, to Mary, daugh- ter of C. C. Taylor, of Menasha. Their cliil- dren are Josie, W. L., Bertie, Willie, Cora and Bessie. Mr. Wheeler is a radical Republican, a man of integrit}- and warmly interested in everything jjertainiug to the interests of the soldiers. He is an active member of his Post and two of his sons belong to the Order of the Sous of \'^eterans. The parents of Mr. Wheeler came to Wisconsin in 1861 where his father died in 1875 and liis mother in 1887. ^OHN ALYEA, of Winneconne, Wis., meml)er of G. A, R. Post No. 7, at Omro, a pioneer of Winnebago count}', was born in Ohio, in 1817, and was reared on a farm. He was married in 1848, to Hannah Lumley, a native of England, who came from that country with her parents when four vears old. Mr. Alyea came to Wisconsin in 1849, locat- ing in the town of Winneconne, where lie was a farmer until he became a .soldier. He enlisted August 14, 1862, at Oshkosh, in Company B, 21st Wisconsin Infantry, for three 3'ears, or during the war. Before leaving the State he was transferred to the Fond du Lac Company, " F," remaining in that organization about six months when he was transferred at Mitchels- ville, Tenn., serving two years and was again transferred to Company I, 1st U. S. \^eteran Engineer Corps, in which he served through the war. Prior to his exchange, he fought at Perryville and in the skirmishes pre- ceding the fight at Stone River, and was in the action of Dec. 30th, when Wheeler's cavalry attacked the brigade train. The command to wliich he was transferred was attached to the Army of the Cumberland and was in the ac- tions at Stone River, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge and Lookout Mountain, and he went thence to Hoover's Gap, being in the battles of Resaca, and others that preceded the siege and finally returned to Chattanooga where he was discharged June 27, 1865. The work of the engineers in the war included repairs and building of fortifications, felling trees and con- structing and removing obstacles and contribut- ing every variety of mechanical skill to the general result. Mr. Alyea returned to Winneconne where he has since resided. He is a decided Republican PERSONAL RECORDS. 479 ill political principles and a citizen who has sustained his record as a soldier in his subsequent career. Mr. Alyea and his wife have several children named as follows: — Elizabeth, Mary, Nancy, Louis, Alice, .John Franklin, Husan Delia,, Ellen, Ettie Melinda and George. Mr. Alyea left his wife and nine small children to do duty for his country. Mrs. Alyea struggled successfully with many obstacles to keep the family to- gether, suffering many hardships and priva- tions, contingent upon her husband's absence and tlie small pittance of depreciated money he received as recompense. »-J5«^^••^5t^^^•^«^-►<5«f- ^OHN HOWARD STEVER, of Oshkosh, was boru April 1, 1843, in Farmington, Trumbull Co., Ohio. Oct. ■2r^, 1861, he enlisted in Company F, 18th Wisconsin Infantry, for three years. May 17th, 1863, he re-enlisted in the one hundred day service as a private in Company C,41fet Wisconsin Infantry. In the last year of the war, Feb. 4, 1865, he again enlisted, enrolling in Company I, 47th Wisconsin Infantry. He received three honor- able discharges. The first time he was released from the terms of his enrollment at Alexandria, on account of disability, Dec. 6, 1862; he was discluirged at Milwaukee, Sept. 28, 1864,from the 41st on the expiration of his time. He received final discharge Sept. 4, 1865, at Nashville, Tenn. The war experiences of Mr. Stever in- clude every variety from which the soldiers for the Union suffered. The "18th ' is men- tioned as composed of men of more than ordi- nary value as soldiers from their occupations, most of them being farmers and from the fron- tier^settlements. Their Colonel, James S. Al- bau, was a man of fine character and more than common abilities. He was mortally wounded in the first battle in whicli the command was involved — Shiloh or Pittsburg Lannd bat- tle of Bull Run, where a bullet shattered the shin bone of one of his legs. Robert Wells was in the 2nd Wisconsin in the same battle and was mortally wounded in the breast. He was buried at Georgetown. Mr. Stever of this sketch was seven years of age when his parents came to Wisconsin. They engaged in larming in Algoma and he was oc- cupied in that calling when he decided to en- list, which he did at the age of eighteen. At the end of the war he returned to Algoma and interested himself in the same business in which his father had reared him and which he has since pursued. February 19, 1864, he was mar- ried to Miss E. J. Coley. " They have two child- ren — George H. and Bessie I. Jacob Andrew Stever, the father of Mr. Stever, was a native of the State of New York and was a descendant of the Mohawk Dutch of that por- tion of the country. He married Harriet Henry, the daughter of a soldier of the war of 1812. They deserve permanent record in the annals of Wisconsin soldiers, for the sake of six sons who fought in the ranks and for the memory of 480 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF two of the number who sleep on battle fields. The family included twelve children — ten sons and two daughters. In 1887 (current year) seven sons and the daughters are living. -^»^ -^i^^^'^5«f-*<=«f-'' AMES HARLAND HEATH, of Antigo, Wis., a member of G. A. R. Post No. 78, was born Oct. 19, 1845, in Pewaukee, Wis., where his parents, James Nelson and Melinda (Otis) Heath, located. His mother died when he was three years old and he re- ceived such education as he could obtain after tiie age of twelve. When he was 14, he engaged with the corporation of the LaCrosse railroad as a brakeman and, a year later, accompanied his father to Appleton, where the senior Heath bought an interest in a hub and spoke factory and he worked in the establishment until the civil war presented greater attractions than the life of a civilian and he determined to enlist, which he did June 6, 1863, in p] Company, 40th Wisconsin \'^olunteers, at Appleton, Wis., for three months. He received honorable discharge Oct. 3rd in the same year at Madison. The regi- ment arrived at Memphis about the middle of June and was detaile(l to assist in the defences of tiie outposts of the city and to guard trains on the railroad. The only action in which the command participated was on tiie occasion of Forrest's raid on Memphis, when it proceeded to the place where tiie rebels made their entry, on the double-quick, a distance of three miles, and was ordered to support a battery which was engaged with the enemy. The sol- diers were placed between the two lines of firing and maintained them,selves with the coolness and discretion of veterans, winning the special commendation of one of the best soldiers and bravest men of the war, Lieute- nant-Colonel Samuel Fallows, now Bishop Fal- lows of Chicago (1888). The regiment suffered much from illness consequent upon the situa- tion of the camp in a marshy location, and was mustered out September 16th. On his retui'ii froui the army Mr. Heath was again employed in a hub and spoke factory by Captain J. • H. Marston, of Appleton. He re- mained in the situation seven years and in 1876 he began to operate as a painter, which he followed six years in the proper seasons, lumber- ing alternate winters. In 18S1 he adopted tlie business of a barber which has since occupied his attention and he is the proprietor of a creditable establishment in a prominent place in Antigo, whither he removed in 1884. He was married to Anna Starks, May 14, 1883, and they have one child — Ruby Leon . iNirs. Heath was born in Hortonville, Wis. Her father was a native of Germany and was a Wisconsin soldier in the late war. E(_)RGE E. SWEET, of Merrill, a I > I ^ member of G. A. R. Post, Ly.sander \!S}^ Cutler No. 55 at Wausau, was born in Oswego in the county of the same name in New York State, May 30, 1849. The first event of his life of importance enough to note was his enlistment, which took place at Palermo, N. Y., June 23rd, after he was 13 years old. He stated his age to tlie recruiting- officer as 16 to secure admi.ssion to the ranks of 1 Company, 184th New York Infantry. He went into camp at Elmira, five days later start- ed for Bermuda Hundred and tlie regiment was there assigned to the command of General Butler. The plans of General Grant to capture or disperse the army of Leo were being jiut in operation one after another, and Butler had returned from the fight at Cold Harbor. In August the actions along the line of the Wel- don railroad, a part of the same plan, were be- gun, in which Mr. Sweet was in contact with many of the emergencies of war. In October, the operations of Sheridan in the valley of the Shenandoah were commenced for which that general had been organizing since August. Mr. Sweet's regiment was one that contributed to tlie force of 30,000 which were arraj'ed to control the movements of General Earl)' and lie saw all the lively service of that memorable campaign, which reflected the highest credit on all connected tlierewith, and particularly the New York regiments. The march to Perry- ville, the dispersion of the rebels and their con- sequent flight to the entrenchments at Fisher's Hill, the capture of 75 wagons of rebel supplies at Port Republic, and the grand encounter at Cedar Creek with tlie satisfaction of knowing that the movement had been an unequivocal success, outlines the experiences of Mr. Sweet ^^"-^ifiE* 3. d^^v-' d. fiERSONAL RECORDS. 481 as a soldier for tlio Union in the montlis imme- diately succeeding his enlistment. He followed Sheridan in the subse(juent work in the closing scenes of the conquest and surrender of the rebel chief at Apponiatto.v and was discharged at City Point, Va., June "29, 1865. He was not absent from duty during his service, and though he suffered at one time with a felon on his finger he was only assigned to light duty. The Colonel of the lS4th New York was the well-known Ward G. Robinson, with W. P. McKenley, Lieutenant-Colonel, Geo. Wetmore, Captain of I Company and Edgar Morris, 1st Lieutenant. After leaving the army Mr. Sweet returned to Syracuse and, sliortly after went to East Saginaw, Mich., where he engaged in the lum- ber business and was so occupied until the spring of 1SS7, when he removed to Merrill. He purchased a 'bus line in the city and is prosecuting a successful business. He was married Nov. 2, 1869, to Margaret Jane Wells, of Fulton, N. Y. Two sons, George Henry and Freddie Luther, have since been added to the household. Mr. Sweet is the son of Benjamin P. and Mary B. (Sparks) Sweet. Both parents were born in Oswego and were descendants of Hartford, Conn., stock. His paternal grandfather was a soldier in the war of 1812 and also in the Crimean war in the British service. His matei'ual grandfather was in the war of 1812, in the ('rimean and in the Mexican war. Mrs. Sweet's grandfather, Joshua Wells, was a soldier in the Mexican war. ELi- ram R., Roland H. and Arvis B. Sweet, broth- ers of George, were enlisted men in the 110th New York Volunteers. Roland was killed at Port Hudson. .John W. and Albert H. Sweet, also brothers, were soldiers in the 184lli New York. >,^ OUIS B. LACOUNT, a leading physi- '^ cian of the allopathic school at Mer- rill, Wis., and a member and Sur- geon of Lincoln Post No. 131, was born at Manitowoc, Wis., Feb. 28, 1843. He had only the advantages of common schools in early youth and had hardly passed that period when he decided on a professional career. He was just past 18 when his plans were inter- rupted by the apjmrent disaster of a disrupted country, and he responded to the convictions which were the ingrained inheritance of tiie young men of that time, and enlisted in June, 1861, at Manitowoc, ni Company A, Titli Wis- consin Infantry, for three years. He .served through the term of his enlistment* and re- ceived discharge at Washington, in June, 1864. The character of the service seen by Dr. La Count is shown by the mention of his regiment. It was the nucleus of the "Iron Brigade" and was the hope and dependence of General Uufus King. (See sketch.) But, in September, it was transferred to Hancock's Brigade, and in March of the next year, the command went to Fairfax, C. H., returning to Alexandria to em- bark for the Peninsular campaign. Dr. La Count was in the advance on the rebels from Hampton and Young's Mills, and was in the support of a battery near Lee's Mills. In the chase after rebels through swamps and over rough ground he was in action, and fought at the battle of Williamsburg after a day of lieavy work. He was in the skirmish line when the onset was made and was among those to whom McClellan made his only address to soldiers during his command. (See sketch of John 1^. Leykom.) He fought at Golden's Farm and at Malvern Hill, and Antietam and Fredericks- burg are on his battle roster. He was a mem- ber of the "Light Brigade'' whose styie desig- nates the service for which it was intended, and he was in the detail wiiich led the charge at Marye's Heights. This took place while the disastrous engagement at Chancellorsville was in progress, and he was hit in the right leg by a minie ball which struck three inches below the joint of the knee, destroying the bone. An ugly reminiscence remains on tiie leg in which the generations of to-day may read lUe j)roof of the actualities of the period which is now on the pages of history. The injury was inflicted May 3, 1863, and he remained in Judiciary Square ho.si)ital until September 29lh, when he came to Wisconsin on a furlough which was extended to 90 days. On going again to the front, he was made a member of the 144tli Re- giment, 2nd Battalion, Invalid Corps, Lieuten- ant Wilson commanding, and stationed at Georgetown, where he was detailed as clerk at Seminary hospital. (Otlicer's.) There he ful- hlled his enlisted term. At 15, young La Count became an assistant in the office of the Chilton Tivies, where he re- mained two years, then entering school and A8i .SOLDIERS' ALBUM OP studying a ^'ear, meanwhile giving some atten- tion to medicine. On his return from the war, he resumed medical study in earnest. In 18(Jo he was appointed enrolling clerk under the Provost Marshal at Green Bay, and on the closing of the oHice four months later, he obtained a situation in the office of the Green Bay Advocate. He was next appointed express messenger from Green Bay to Marquette, a trip which included 13U miles travel on the lake and 72 by rail, and re- quired two days time. At the close of navi- gation he entered Rush College, Chicago, whence he was graduated Feb. 5, 1868. He commenced his first active practice as the associate of Dr. J. M. Adams of Oconto, and, later, located at Shawano. In the sjiring of 1881, he established liis business at Merrill, and has since operated there with satisfac- tory results. The doctor is the son of Joseph and Jane (Wood) La Count. The former was of French extraction and born in Canada. The latter was born at VVaddington, near Ogdensburg, New York, was of Parisian French hneage, and had several sisters in America. Dr. La Count was married April 12, 186U, to Olive Le Claire, a daughter of one of the pioneei's of Green Bay, who was born in Canada. He came thence to VVisconsin in a canoe, passing through the straits of Lake Michigan. He became prominent in business in this section of the Badger State, owning a line of trans- portation vessels on the lakes. He married a French lady at Green Bay. Mary (Mrs. Gor- ron), Josephine, Emily, Cecilia (Vlrs. Max Myers, of Appleton,) Lucy, (Mrs. Porrier) and Rose are the sisters ot Mrs. La Count. The second is a well-known singer and the tiiird also lias a fine reputation in musical circles. All are gifted with unconnnon mus- ical talents. Several brothers of Dr. La Count were in the war. David La Count of Chilton was 1st As- si.stant Surgeon of the 14th Wisconsin, (see sketch); James was 1st Lieutenant in Company G, in the same, and he came home disabled; after recovery, associated with Captain Myers of Stevens Point, he recruited a company and went again to the war as Lst Lieutenant of Company D, 5th Wisconsin, and fought through the remainder of the condict. Joseph Jr., Or- derly Sergeant of Company E, 14th Wisconsin, was commissioned 2nd Lieutenant and trans- ferred to the 21st Wisconsin, was promoted to Captain and served through the campaign with Sherman. After the war he went to Mexico as railroad contractor and died of cli- matic disease. Henry enlisted in the 14th Wisconsin, was attacked with typhoid fever at Camp Randall, Madison, and discharged; on recovery he enlisted in the 27th Wisconsin. George is a stockman at Livermore, Iowa. Eliza is the wife of Amos Hewett, also a stock- man in Iowa. The mother died in 1862, aged 83 yi arSjthe doctor receiving the intelligence on the battle field of Antietam. To Dr. and Mrs. La Count three children have been born. Charles died when three years old ; Mary Lsabel at three months and an infant unnamed is also deceased. May, adopted daughter, is nine years old. She became a member of the household at the age of four months. The portrait of Dr. La Count appears on page 480. AMES O. RAYMOND, a pioneer of Por- tage county. Wis., resident at Stevens Point and member of G. A. R. Post No. 146, was born May 30, 1881, at Mc- Donougli, Chenango county. New York. He is descended from ancestral stock in the paternal line which dates to the days of the Pilgrim fathers of the Massachusetts Bay colony in the 17th century. Edward Raymond, his grand- father, removed from Massachusetts to Chenango county about 1810 and died in, New York wlieii 87 years old. Edward Raymond was born in 1805 in Atliol, Worcester Co., Mass., and was only hve years old when his parents located in the State of New York. He was a farmer by inheritance and training and was occupied in that business until he was 39 years old when he was killed in 1844, by a horse. The mother of Mr. Raymond, Maria Osborn before marriage, was born in Washington Co., New York, in 1805 and, as nearly as can be ascertained, her ancestry was of Holland extraction. In the ma- ternal line of descent she belonged to a family named Hillebert. She died at the home other daughter in Three Rivers, Mich., when 71 years old. Mr. Raymond is the third child of his parents in order of birth and is one of a family of six t>EtlSONAL RECORDS. 48^ sons and three daughters. After he became old enough to labor, he worked on the farm sum- mers and went to school winters. On the death of Ills father, when he was lo years old, lie as- sunietl the management of his own attairs and attended school at Newark \'alley in Tioga county in his native State and studied and taught until he was 22 years old, when he com- menced the study of law under the instructions of the Hon. John M. I'arker, of Owego, with whom he read three years with the exception of about three months of eacii year, which he spent in teaching in Pennsylvania and New York. In 1855, he came to Fond du Lac, Wis., and studied with Edward S. Bragg, a name that was prominent in military circles during the Mexican war and in the civil war and which is now known to the general public as that of U. S. Minister to Mexico. In the fall of the same year he went first to Portage county,where he taught a term of school and in the spring of 185(), he was admitted to practice in the Htate courts at Plover, Wis. He formed a partner- ship with Luther Hanchett of that place and their relations continued to exist until 18G2, when they were terminated by the deatii of Mr. Hanchett, then a member of Congress. Mr. Raymond pursued the practice of his profession at Plover until he became a soldier. Feb. 1, 1865, he enlisted in Company C, 52nd Wisconsin Infantry. As fast as the companies of tlie 52iid were enrolled they were mustered and sent forward to relieve veteran troops in guarding positions which required the presence of experienced military organizations. Com- pany C went to St. Louis and thence to Pilot Knob, Warrensburg, Holden and Fort Leaven- worth, and Mr. Raymond officiated as Orderly Sergeant of his company, which was engaged in guarding railroads and skirmishing with guerrillas and bushwackers, who infested the country and were destructive to the peace of the people and the safety of property. He was discharged August 28, 1865, when the situation became improved through the system of recon- struction. In the fall after his return to Wisconsin he was elected from his District to the Assembly of Wisconsin and served in the session of 1866. Prior to his entering the army he was elected Pro.secuting Attorney of Portage county in 1856, and re-elected in 1858, and in 1866, he received a tiiird election to the same incumb- ency, making an aggregate of six years in 1873, he localcd at lormed a j)arliier- that official relation. In Stevens Point, where he ship with William H. Packard and the law firm of Raymond ct Packard continued opera- tions until 1875. Mr. Raymond continued liis practice about two years alone, when lie formed a business relation with W. W. Haseltine which continued until the deatli of the latter, April 3, 1888. After that date, Mr. Raymond conducted his business alone until Sej)t. lOtli, when lie formed a partnership with Joiin C. Gaveney, as Haymond it Gaveney. In 1881, he was appointed Postmaster at Stevens Point by President Garfield and served four years. Mr. Raymond was married Oct. 15, 1857, to Mary E., daughter of Nathaniel and Maria (Slanker) Harris, of Canton, Ohio. She died Oct. 17, 1864, leaving one surviving son, Mitchell Harris Raymond, who is in the em- ploy of Brown Brothers at Rliinelander, Wis. Two other ciiildren died in infancy. Ajjril 15, 1867, Mr. Raymond was married to Mrs. Lu- cinda Hanchett, widow of Hon. Luther Han- chett, his late partner. Mrs. Raymond was born in Canton, Ohio, and is the daughter of James S. and Amanda (Harris) Alban. Her father was the Colonel of the iStii Wisconsin Infantry, and was killed in his first battle at Pittsburg Landing. (See sketch of R. H. Jolmson.) Mr. Raymond is an original Republican and cast his first vote for president in 1852, for General Winfield Scott, and has, since the ex- istence of the Republican party, been its firm ally and its staunch supporter. He was the first Commander of the G. A. R. Post at Stevens Point and is a prominent Mason, belonging to the Blue Lodge, Chapter and Coinmanclery at Stevens Point. He was made a Mason in 1857 at Plover, Wis. He is a man who commands the respect and esteem of the community to which he belongs and is second to none in the quality of his citizenship and manhood. His jiortrait appears on page 480. ILLIAM BOAZ JOHNS, a prom- inent business man of Antigo, Wis., was born in Newport, Mon- mouthshire, England, Oct. 15, 1846. His parents, Daniel and Ann (Davis) Johns, were born in the same country and 484 SOLDIERS ALBUM OF came to America in 1851. They residerl at Troy, N. Y., for a sliorl time and came thence to Milwaukee, wliere tliey located on a farm for a hrief period, removing thence to Meeme, Manitowoc Co., Wi.s., where the son remained on a farm until he was ten years old. He was not destined for an agricultural life and lie went into a machine shop at the age of 10 and attended to getting such schooling as he hest could and retain his place. He obtained a comprehensive understanding of all the de- tads of the business of a machinist and of pattern making. His forefathers in England were skilled mechanics and he inherited their natural proclivities lor the business which requires the best qualities of discretion and judgment. He also became a competent draughtsman and has the reputation of excel- ling in mechanical genius. When the war broke out he was determined to enlist and applied to the recruiting officer to be enrolled in the 39th Wisconsin, 100 days' regiment. But lie was small in size and was rejected. He renewed the application soon after, and on examination, it was found that lie was liable to attacks of hernia and was again rejected. But he had determined to follow the regiment and its members had determined to take him to the front, when Captain Patchin of G Company made arrangements for his enlist- ment. The regiment left the State .June 13, 18G4. Two days later, the command arrived at Memphis and in July tlie regiment sup- ported the 7tli Wisconsin Battery in a repulse of 5,000 rebels under Forre.st, who made a dash into Memphis. The command was mustered out at Milwaukee, Sept. 22, 1864, having served past its time. G Company was officered by A. J. Patchin, Captain, J. G. Meserve, 1st Lieutenant, and G. Soule, 2nd Lieutenant, with G. F. Barker, Orderly Sergeant. On his return from the army Mr. Johns es- tablished liis business at Hartland, Shawano Co., Wis., and his mill was afterwards burned. He entered the service of G. M. Beach as fore- man of a mill at Brillion, Wis., where he oper- ated four years. In 1884 he located at Antigo, and conducted tlie relations of an iron foun- dry and machine shop, and built the " Pioneer Iron Works." His business includes a general machine shop and foundr}^ and Mr. Johns gives his personal attention to the details of the working department. He is a "member of the School Board of An- tigo and is considered as a factor in the prog- ress of the city to which the whole State refers with just pride. In the spring of 1888, Mr. Johns was elected to the Common Council of Antigo and was also made Chief of the Fire Department. In June, 1871, he was married to Amanda C. Nellis and their only child is a daughter named Florence E. An only son, — William — died when three years old. Mrs. Johns was born in New York and represents an old family tiiere. Her father, William Nellis, was a soldier in the Seminole war in Florida and lost an eye. Seward and Marvin, her brother,s, were soldiers in the late war. The latter was in the 27th Wisconsin and both were wounded. The portrait of Mr. Johns appears on page 480. EVI LAY RANDALL, of Appleton, Wis , member of G. A. R. Post No. 133, '^■j/ was born June 22, 1829, in Sandgate, Bennington Co., ^'^t. He is the son of Levi and Anna (Hurd) Randall and belongs to New P^ngland Puritan stock in both lines of descent. His great grandfather in the paternal line was Judge William Lay of Connecticut and held his office under warrant of George HI. of England. '1 he family held honorable position and General Washington was their guest on one occasion. His father, Levi Ran- dall, was born in Saybrook, Conn. The son received his education primarily in Vermont and attended Troy Conterenee Academy at Poultney. He was reared on a farm and when he was twenty-one, he came to Appleton to enter Lawrence Univei'sity to take a course of study. Later, he fitted for the business of a carpenter which he followed until he became a soldier. When he was seventeen he acquired a knowledge of the cornet and at that age was the owner of his first instrument, and he was a member of various bands prior to enlisting as a musician in the 6th Wisconsin Regiment at Appleton, July 16, 1861. He was discharged Sept. 27th of the same year at Washington on account of hemorrhage of the lungs and con- sequent disability. He acted as a member of tiie regimental band and officiated in hospital duty until his discharge. Three of his brothers were in the service during the war. A. B. PERSONAL RECORDS. 485 Randall was chaplain of a colored regiment and now resides at Claremont, Va. R. H. Ran- dall was a soldier and musician in the Gtli Wis- consin (see siietch)and R. K. Randall of Grundy Center, Iowa, was a soldier in the 1st Wisconsin Cavalry througli its entire period of service. Mr. Randall returned from the war to Apple- ton and engaged in farming. His property is situated at the city limits and is separated from the corporation by 2nd Avenue. July 8, 1856, he was married to .Jeanette J. Gridley and they had two daughters. Clarissa Anna mar- ried A. C. Tucker and her daughter is named Coriune. Lillian Harriet has been married and has a son — Levi Randall Gridley. Mrs. Randall died Dec. 24, 188(J. She was the daughter of Rev. Cyprian H. Gridley, who was spiritual adviser of two deserters who were shot at Plattsburg in the war of 1812. His family dated back to Pilgrim .stock and was of Scotch lineage. His wife was Clarissa Peck, and Bishop Peck of the M. E. Church belonged to the same family. " Father " Gridley was one of the first ministers of the New York Confer- ence and was ordained by Bishop Asbury, who arrived in the United States in 1784 and who was associated with Rev. Thomas Coke (or- dained by Wesley in England) in the organ- ization of the Methodist Church in America. (Dec. 24th, of the same year.) Mr. Randall's middle name perpetuates that of his ancestor, .Judge Lay. Mr. Randall returi\ed from the war to Appleton and has since been interested in farmmg. He is making a specialty of hor- ticulture in which he takes an enthusiastic in- terest. He is a progressionist in the best .sense and has prosecuted such experiments as have seemed to him adapted to the conditions of the locality. He became convinced of the practicability of adapting tlie Russian fruits to this climate and in his experiments has found the law of propagation which is generally admitted as controlling in this climate to be inverted, viz : " Nature seems to have provided that not one seedling in twenty is ht for proj)- agation ; the Russian seedlings have, without exception, proved wortliy of general cultiva- tion." Mr. Randall's love for the work he has been interested in is such as marks the genuine child of Nature, and he combines with his fruit culture, Horiculture, regarding the beautiful as much of a necessity to the proper and complete education of the human race as the pursuit of the useful and profitable. As stated in his own words: "There is an ineffable charm and delicacy in watching the growth of fruit and flowers that constantly tends towards a higher moral and intellectual life for he ' who has no inward beauty never perceives, though all around is beautiful.'" Pie is justly proud of his orchard of Russian seedlings and considers it a 1 tetter monument than the most skillfully chiseled shaft of marble. The portrait of Mr. Randall on jtage 480 was copied from a photograph taken in 1888. ■'-:rt»>~;>t^^^ <^«^- dffi*-- BRAl^r DENNEY, a resident at Slia- -^ wano. Wis., and a member of G. A. R. ^S^^^Post No. 81, is a native citizen of the Badger Slate, having been born in Green Bay, Brown county, Feb. 20, 1843. His parents, Amos and Maria (Babcock) Denney, were natives of New York and are both de- ceased. When he was four years old they re- moved to Calumet county, where his mother died. His fatlier died in Oneida county when he was 16 years old and he went to P"'ond du Lac, where he lived with his uncle and worked in a livery stal)le. He obtained l)ut little edu- cation in school, but he has become well quali- fied as a business man by association and obser- vation and he has learned the .several trades of carpenter, tinsmith, blacksmith and machinist, and is thoroughly comjietent in all. He en- listed at Fond du Lac in the first year of his legal manhood, enrolling September 12, 1864, in Company H, 5th Wisconsin Infantry lor one year and received honorable discharge June 20, 1865, at Arlington Heights, Ya., the war being ended. The 5th Wisconsin regiment is one that made its record as one of the best in the service both before and after its re-organization. Mr. Denney belonged to the re-organized com- mand and left the State in less than a month after his enrollment. He went to Washington about the first of (_^ctober, received equipments at Washington and, after a few days stay at Alexandria, started for Cedar Creek, Va., to join the forces of Sheridan, and in December joined Grant in front of Petersburg. He was in the action at Hatcher's Run in February and in the activities in March. He was in the charge at Petersburg on the morning of April 2nd and went into Petersburg with his command when 486 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF the United States colors were hoisted over the captured rebel works and he was in the skirm- ishing on the South Side railroad which fol- lowed oji the same day. He was in the pursuit the next day and in the fight at Little Sailor's Creek on the 7th. He was in the continued pursuit of Lee and witnessed tiie surrender at Aj)poinatfox C. H. The regiment was detailed to move to the assistance of Slierman and the troops marched to Burke's Station and to Dan- ville, going thence by rail to Wilson's Station, whence they marched to Richmond; intelli- gence being received of the surrender of .Joims- ton they started for the Nortii and marched through A'irginia to Washington and, as soon as possible afterwards, came to Wisconsin. Mr. Denney was sick in Baltimore at Camden hos- pital and at the hospital at City Point, Va., with fever and mumps and has never recovered from the effects of typhoid fever contracted in tlie army. He returned to Fond du Lac and in 1874 came to Shawano where he has been variously employed as a mechanic and has operated seven years as a machinist. He was married Jul}' 5, 1884, to .lane Stannard, and they have two daughters named Maud and Lulu Pearl. Mr. Denney is a man of excellent character and is serving as Town Constable ; he is Senior Vice Commander of Post William Hawley at Shawano. He is independent in politics. ^-^Yy^ILLIAM B. PHILBRfCK, of Wau- ^"Mf// s'^^i> Wis., Adjutant of G. A. R. Post No. .5.'), Ly.sander Cutler, (18S8) at that place is a native of the Empire State. He was born Oct. 7, 1844, in Philadelphia, Jefferson county and is tiie son of Clawson and Jane (Busbin) Philbrick. When he was a lad of six j'cars bis parents settled in Sj'camore, Ills., and removed from there to Wausau in 1853. There the son grew to an age to comprehend the duties of his approach- ing citizenship, and, before he was 17 years old, he wore the regulation blue of the viilun- teer service of his country. War had been in- augurated less than half a year, when he felt that his manhood's strength and energy be- longed to the land of his birth and he enlisted Sept. 20, 1861, at Wausau in the 8th Wisconsin Battery for three years. He fulfilled the re- sponsibilities of his enrollment as a defender of the national Hag and received his discharge Aug. 10, 1865, at Milwaukee, Wis. He w.is in the military service three years and eleven months, nearly, having veteranized in January, 1S64. 'J'iu' command in which Mr. Philbrick was enrolled was known as "Lyon's Pinery Battery" and was mustered into service Jan. 8, 1862. Tiiey left Wisconsin in March, having received orders to report at Leavenworth preparatory to participation in the projected southwestern ex- pedition which was abandoned in May follow- ing. June 9th they were at Corinth and in August had a sharp engagement with the rebels, Mr. Philbrick making his first acc^uaint- ance with rebel pow'der and ball. On the 14th day of the same month the}' took possession of luka. October 3-4 the battery was in the hot action at Corinth where its operations were the source of comment of most flattering character. On the 8th of the same month at Perryville, the command fought in the brilliant action and took a prominent part in driving the rebels from their position at Lancaster. In a severe battle in the vicinity of Greensboro on Stone River on the last day of 1862, the battery won distinguished mention from the commanding general — Woodruff. Mr. Philbrick was in the movement to Tullahoma, and fought with the battery at Chickamauga, going thence to Chat- tanooga. November 24th he was again in bat- tle at Mission Ridge removing thence to Nash- Anlle. Mr. Philbrick was remustered after vet- eranizing Jan. 26, 1864 and, March 12th, came to Wisconsin on a veteran's furl(jugh. April 25th he returned to the scenes of action and joiiied his battery at Murfree.sboro, being as- signed to Fort Rosecrans, and they remained there until mustered out. Mr. Philbrick pass- ed through some of the most important por- tions of the struggle between the North and the South. The batterj' to which he belonged was es])ecially effective from the perfection of its drill and the spirit of the members composing the command. Ha passed a short time in each of the hospitals at luka, Louisville and Nashville, but managed to be in trim for fight- ing whenever it was on hand. At Stone River, he was taken prisoner by the rebels and placed in a building for safe keeping. He was kept there safely just long enough to walk to a win- dow and take a flying leave of his captors, for PERSONAL RECORDS. 487 whom he left the consolation of the vacancy he created. He returned from the war to Milwaukee, where he lived until 1881 when he located at Wau.sau. He is engaged in commercial busi- ness. In 1856 he married Ahiry Enos. They have a .surviving son and daughter: — Fleeta and Willie B. Irwin died when three months old ; Jessie died at tin? age of six months and Gracie at three and a half years of age. LONZO Y. HOWE, Marinette, Wis., ^ and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 207, was born Sept. 12, 1842, in Ma- rengo, McHeiHT Co., 111. His fatiier, Phineas Howe, was Ijorn in Randolpb, Catta- raugus Co., New York, and was a lineal descend- ant of the family of the celebrated English general who led the British forces in the Revo- lution. The mother, Mary Woodford, before marriage, was a native of the same place and was a granddaughter of Nelson Woodford, a captain of 1812. Her l)rother Nelson was a soldier in tlie same war. The spirit of his an- cestors descended to him by natural heritage and before he was 20 he enlisted in the war for the Union, 12 days after the attack on Fort Sumter in Company D, loth Illinois Infantry at Marengo for three years. On the formation of his company he was made Corporal and re- ceived his discharge at Springfield, III., June 17, 1864, two months after the expiration of his term. The regiment went into rendezvous at Alton, Ills., and was assigned to Fremont's command, going to make connection with that commander at Raleigh, Mo., where they per- formed guard duty and skirmished in pursuit of bushwhackers. After several very lively months, the regiment was transferred to the command of Genei-al Grant and went to his assistance at Fort Donelson, arriving on the morning after the surrender. They went next to Pittsburg Landing wliere the regiment was a.ssigned to the Division under Colonel N'eatch. The suffering was great from insutticient ra- tions and exposure of the regiment during the fight and 243 were lost in killed and wounded. The regiment was at the siege of Corinth and went thence to Memphis and Mcksburg and participated in the protracted siege of that city. After being engaged in the fight at .Jackson, Miss., they returned to Natchez and to ^■ ick.s- burg, after which the command went with Grant on the Meridian campaign and mean- while fought at Champion's Hill and Enterpri.se and, returning, encountered Wheeler's cavalry near Jackson. They went next to Cairo, 111., and successively to Clifton, Tenn., and Hunts- ville, Ala., where Mr. Howe remained until the expiration of his enlistment. During the entire time he was never wounded nor in the hospital. He returned to Marengo and Feb. 9, 1865, he again enlisted in the 9th Illinois Cavalry as a recruit and went to Springfield, III., and per- formed duty as commander of the barracks for three months. He was mustered out May 24th of the same year. His brother Malcolm was a soldier of the 141st Illinois Infantry, enlisting as soon as he was old enough. Martin, Geoi'ge and David Howe, cousins, were soldiers of the Army of the Potomac. George was killed in action; the others died in the service fi-om dis- abilities iricurred wliile in military life. May 28, 1866, Mr. Howe was married to Josepliine Cliatfield. Their onl}^ surviving child is named .John Henry. Devillo died at two and Lottie at two years and one month. Silas, Oliver and Fremont, three brothers of Mrs. Howe, were soldiers in the Civil War. Mr. Howe's position in the Post is Sergeant- Miijor, ami he officiates as janitor of the Gar- field high school building. -^*^'-J»t^>^^>^5^5*^-^ "OSEPH R. BAXTER, resident of Marshfield, Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 110, was born Dec. 2, 1839, in Province of Ontario, Canada. He is the son of David and Olive (Covey) Baxter, who were born respectively in Vermont and Mas- sachusetts; the parents died in September, 1855, on successive days. Asa Baxter, the pater- nal grandfather was born in Vermont, and died there at there at the age of 97 years. In early j'outh Mr. Baxter removed with his pa- rents to Milford, 111., where he resided until he entered the army. He enlisted Sept. 13, 1861, in Company F, 45th Illinois Infantry, the regiment whicli was called the Washburn Lead Mine regiment. He enrolled at Cherry Valley, for three years, and was promoted 488 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF March 21, 1865, to 1st Lieutenant and was dis- cliurged on that day at Goldsboro, to be mus- tei-ed as such. Ho veteranized Jan. 5, 1864, at Black River, Miss. The roster of his battles includes Fort Henry, Fort Donelson, Pitts- burg Tjanding, Meridian, Thompson Hill, Jackson, Ciiampion's Hill, Vicksburg, siege of Atlanta and Peach Orchard, and every battle in which his regiment participated on the march to the sea with the command of General Sherman. After the war Mr. Baxter spent a year with his brother in Iowa, after which he traveled through Wyoming and Colorado and a large portion of the unsettled West, tinally locating at Omro, Wis. After a residence there of nine years he removed to Marshfield. At that date, Marshfield included about two houses and he has since been engaged as a general contractor and has built and sold several houses. He has acted in the capacity of Assessor and, in 1888, served as Commander of the Post. He was married Dec, 24, 1871, to Daxara Jane, daughter of Henry Covey, of Rushfoi-d, Wis., at Omro. They have one son named Henry Joseph, who was born .luly 81, 1880. Sarah died April 3, 1884. Leslie F. Baxter, a brother, lives in Marshfield. Natluui C. lives in Bremer Co., Iowa. Richard P. resides in Fayette Co., Iowa. Mary, a sister, mairied Wil- liam Hinckley, of Frederika, Bremer Co., Iowa. Harriet Susannah married Jerr}* StuHioljean. Richard P. was in the same company and regi- ment with his brother. George and Tbos. Richards enlisted from New York ; they were uncles of Mrs. Baxter. -J^t^ -^>i5»*^^^^5.f-*'^i the hospital at Newbern, N. C, travelling there on a flat car. He went from there to David's Island, New York Harbor, and remained until his discharge. His brother, Ernest, went to the hospital and escorted him home. He was suffering from anchylosis of the rigiit knee and which resulted in disability. On his arrival home he was helpless as a child and has been entirely disabled ever since. He was married in Hortonville, Wis., Feb. 22, 1858, to Augusta Hiddie; their children are Cnarles F., Anna M., Helena M. and Maria L. The oldest son was married October 5, 1884, to Anna Zieldsdorf and is a merchant at New London. Anna married Gustav A. Schultz of Milwaukee. ICHARD 0. FISHER of Peshtigo, member of G. A. R. Post No. 207 at Marinette, was born Nov. 1, 1846, at Hempstead, Queens Co., New York, son of Edward Fisher and grew to in his native State, where he lived through one of the most important portions of the history of the country. In July, 1861, when 15 years old, he became interested in the service of the sea and determined to become a sailor and accordingly enrolled as second-class pow.der boy shipping at Cherry street, New York, and was assigned to the main top in the starboard watch. He enrolled in the harbor of New York for three years and served through the war on the sailing frigate Potomac, Captain Bonnell, afterwards commanded by Gil)son and Ijieutenants Marcy and Kemberly, and received honorable discharge Sept. 20, 1864, at the Brooklyn Navy yard, on the expir- ation of his term. His vessel was assigned to the Gulf Squadron and went South. The boat was at Vera Cruz in 1861 when Maxmillian landed there to take possession of Mexico as Emperor. Mr. Fisher performed duty'in the blockade of Mobile, was in the service which converted the boat into a hospital vessel, and He is the manhood PERSONAL RECORDS. 491 also when she was assigned to coast service to intercept blockade runners loaded with cotton or ammunition or otlier supplies for the rebels. He also saw service in the riviT and channel expeditions and went on board the Swanee as a common seaman for two years after the war closed. In 1868 he removed from New York to Fond du Lac and thence to Sheboygan, where he found a situation on the lakes and was again a seaman for six years. In 1878 he located at Peshtigo and has since operated as a farmer. He married Emma Pettet and they have five children. Their names are fjillian A., Ida, Albert O., Effie M. and Walter. NDREAS JOHNSON, Stevens Point, ^ Wis., belonging to G. A. R. Post No. 149, (1888), was born Jan. 16, 1826, in Norway, and came to America in 1851. His parents were lifelong residents of Norway where he was reared to the business of a carpenter. On coming to Amer- ica he came to Wisconsin and in 1852, removed from Iowa county to Portage county. In 1858, he located at lola where he engaged in the business to which he had been trained. Nov. 1, 1864, he was mustered into United States service as a recruit in Company C, 11th Wis- consin Infantry in which organization he en- listed for one year. In company with other recruits, he joined his regiment at Brashier City and, in February, started for New Orleans to be assigned to the troops which were in prep- aration to go to the city of Mobile. He marched part of the distance and went on a transport afterward and was detailed as guard in the rear of the column which proceeded to the siege of Spanish Fort ; he went thence to the assistance of the beseiging forces at Fort Blakely, where the 11th Wisconsin was under heavy fire and on the day of the surrender, the 11th Wisconsin led the assault and Mr. John- son was with his regiment when the colors of the 11th Wisconsin were raised over the fortifi- cations. He went next to Montgomery where he was on garrison duty, going thence in July to Mobile, where he performed guard duty un- til sent to Wisconsin to be mustei'ed out. While on the way from Blakely to Montgom- ery, he learned of the surrender of Lee and the assassination of the President. During the siege at Blakely, a liullet passed through the top of his hat and, on one occasion, when the rebels charged, he was very near being captured. He returned to his home the last of September, having been mustered out at Mobile, Septem- ber 4, 1865. After his return from the service he was a resident of lola, where he remained three years, removing thence to Stevens Point. Nov. 19, 1854, he was married to Anna Ander- son of Stevens Point; their children are named Jolnij Tilly, Sam, Anna, Theodore, Louise, Henry, August and Frank. EUBEN WHITTIER, of Kaukauna, Wis., was born Nov. 22, 1845, in the province of New Brunswick. His father removed his family to Calais, Maine, in his infancy, where he passed the years of childhood and youth, receiving a com- mon school education. When he was 18 years old, he enlisted in an organization in his State designed for coast defence, and went to rendez- vous at Camp Cbburn, Augusta. When he ar- rived there, the complement was filled and he returned to (Jalais. He enlisted again in Jan- vary, 1864, and went to Augusta as a member of tlie unassigned infantry, entered Company G on its formation and performed frontier duty on the coast and State line. Six weeks before receiving his discharge, he was ordered to Au- gusta where he did provost duty, acting asSei"- geant, until July 8, 1865, when he was dis- charged at Augusta. Soon after, he came to Oshkosh, where he en- tered upon an apprenticeship in the shops of the Chicago & Northwestern railroad company and remained in the employ of that corpora- tion 18 years. At the same time he made a thorough study of mechanical drawing and en- gineering, and, as time advanced, he passed through the pronrotions due to his energy, de- termination and industry. He was first made wrecking master, and later, gang boss and as- sistant foreman of the round house. His next position was as foreman of the floor under the master meclianic, Geo. H. White, at Escanaba. This situation was one requiring first class judgment and mechanical skill, and it involved the responsibility of engine repairs and rebuild- 492 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF ing. He passed nine months in the employ of the Milwaukee & Northern railway, and at the end of that time accepted a position as foreman of the round house of the Milwaukee, Lake Shore and Western railway at Kaukauna, un- der master mechanic, Jolm A. Hickey. His du- ties are responsible and laborious, as the build- ing has facilities for extensive busmess pertain- ing to the motive power of the road. Execu- tive abilities and discriminating judgment of paramount quality are the necessities in the in- dividual who undertakes the management of the business with wiiich Mr. Wliittier is in- trusted. Another indispensable trait is instant perception and decision, in order to be in readi- ness for emergencies, seen and unforeseen. Mr. Whittier was married Aug. 24, 1868, to Annie M. Kenny and they have seven children living. Their names are Edward H., Reuben W., Catherine, John G., Frank, Maudie and Mamie. George Washington died when a little past three years of age. Olive Helen was seven months old when she died. Henry L. and Catherine (McFarland) Wliittier were the par- ents of the gentleman whose sketch is presented here. The former was a soldier in the 1st Maine Battery and died at New Orleans of dis- ability incurred in tlie service, "sacrihcing his aged life on the altar of his country." He was born in New Hampshire, and his wife was a na- tive of Glasgow, Scotland. The jiarents of Mrs. Whittier were of Irish origin. Mr. Whittier is descended from Henry, Samuel and Malcolm Whittier, three brotiiersof New England origin wlio went from New Hampshire to New Bruns- wick and located in a portion of that province known as Rolling Dam. They became landed proprietors and engaged in all the branches of lumbering. Henry, the paternal grandfather of Mr. Whittier, was a man of inventive genius and on one of his trips to Washinton to attend to his interests as a patentee died and was bur- ied in the vicinity of New York. Samuel and Malcolm Whittier were sea captains in the Brit- ish service early in life. /^^ EORGE VAN HEUKELOM, of Ap- | ' > |V pleton, Wis., a member of G. A. \^^J[ R. Post No. 133, was born in Am- sterdam, Holland, May 19, 1841. His parents, Otto and Cornelia (Van Willagan) Van Heukelom, came with five children to America in 1844, when George was less than three j'ears old. Two children were born to them after coming to America. The father served five years in his native country asasoldier. Proceeding from New York to Milwaukee, the family resided there four years. One year subsequent was passed on a farm at Neenah and, after farming four years at Fort Howard, a permanent residence at Appleton was ef- fected. At the time the senior Van Heuke- lom came to look at Appleton it was almost wholly a wilderness. Surveying was just com- menced in behalf of Reeder Smith, (still liv- ing in 1887) the first settler who had made a claim and was cutting brush, and wiio ottered him the half of the block now occupied by Pettibone's store if he would clear away the brush and build and occupy a shanty. This seemed so hopeless a task that he returned to Neenah and came to Appleton afterwards, where he lived until his death. At the date of his settlement there, only one house had been built, occupied by George Lamphier, and two claim shanties, and he purchased a piece of land for a homestead. Mr. Van Heukelom was 19 3'ears old when he enlisled, Oct. 10,1861, in the independentcompany which enrolled with Sam Ryan as .captain. (See sketch.) The or- ganization went to the camp of rendezvous at Fond du Lac, where they remained idle and unassigned three months. In January, 1862, the I4th Wisconsin was organized and, tired of no assignment and no prosjDects of such, the company was mustered into that regiment as "A" with pay from date of first enlistment, Captain Ryan I'esigning, and the first lieutenant being made first line officer. In March, the command went to St. Louis and thence to Pittsburg Landing, where they made a record of distinction, receiving the title of "Wisconsin Regulars." After the battle they remained at the Landing, without tents, fatigued and drenched with rain for days. In July, the command moved to Hamburg and did recon- noitering preparatory to the siege of Corinth, and went next to luka. From there the regi- ment went to Che walla and next day were in the fight at Corinth. They pursued the flj"-- ing rebels to Ripley, went later to Grand Junc- tion and prepared to move southward, when the disaster at Holly Springs sent them to take possession of that place. They went to Moscow and to Memphis and thence to the trenches PERSONAL RECORDS. 493 at Vicksburg. In February, they went to Lake Providence and thence to Milliken's Bend. Reaching Gi'und Gulf, they set out to join the forces in the field and arrived at Raymond while the tiglit at Champion's Hill was in pro- gress. Next, to the Black River, and thence to Vicksburg to take part in the charge of June 22nd, and to engage in the siege until July 4th, is the history of Mr. Van Heukelom in brief. He went next to Natchez and thence back to Vicksburg for the winter, where he vet- eranized. He took his veteran furlough and, after rejoining the command, went with Sher- man's grand array to Atlanta. Mr. Van Heu- kelom went on the Tupelo expedition and was in the arduous service up to the fight at Nashville, and after the battle there assisted in the pursuit of Price. Thence he went to Mo- bile and Spanish Fort and took part in the later operations, remaining at Mobile until mustered out. He was in the service four years, lacking a day. At Vicksburg he was wounded in the left arm and remained until or- dered to leave the field with more emphasis than elegance by his colonel. He went to the field hospital, where a surgeon cut the ball from his arm, and he remained a month in hospital. At Corinth a piece of shell or grape shot shattered his cartridge box and knocked him senseless. As he thought he must be dead lie was proportionately astonished on re- covering his understanding. At Mobile he was on detached duty, guarding a Union family. About the close of the war he was ill, but re- fused to go to hospital and was cared for in camp. He was reported at home as dead. His brother James enlisted in the same company and regiment. Jan. 3rd, 1868, Mr. Van Heu- kelom was married to Catiierine Jansen, and they have four children — John 0., Nellie C, Martha Louisa and Willard A. The ances- tors of the wife and mother were natives of Holland. /^^ GBERT MCLEES, of Marshfield, Wis., [ ^ and a member of G. A. R. Post No. \^!^ 110, was born Oct. 8, 1833, at Nor- wich, Canada. His parents, Adam and Orinda (Emigh) McLees, were both natives of Duchess Co., New York. The paternal grandfather, Peter McLees, was born in New York and moved to the Dominion of Canada. George Emigh, maternal grandfather of Mr. McLees, was a native of Canada. Mr. McLees was reared on a farm in his na- tive province until 1853, when he removed to Wisconsin and located in Chester, Dodge county. He enlisted at Fort Lyon, Va., April 9, 1865, in Company I, 1st Wisconsin Heavy Artillery and there performed garrison and guard duty and received thorough drill in artil- lery tactics of every variety and also infantry drill which entailed a great amount of very hard labor. June 26, 1865, Mr. McLees was mustered out of service and finally discharged at Milwaukee, July 13th following. He resumed farming on his return to Wisconsin and after- wards engaged in the manufacture of furniture in which lie was interested until 1884, when he entered the employ of the Upham Manufactur- ing Company at Marshfield. He was married June 14, 1»62, to Mary, daughter of Alonzo Merwin, of Chester, Wis. She was born in the city of New York, April 24, 1847, and they have four children living — Sarah, married to George Lee of Berlin, Clara, John G. and Bert. John G., only brother of Mr. McLees, died in Dodge county in June, 1866. One sister, Sarah, is married to G. W. Barker. Jane, another sister, is the wife of C. F. Barker, who was a soldier in the same command with Mr. McLees. -^^t^-s't^^^^'i ^RANKLIN M. STOWE, of Winne- conne, Wis., formerly a soldier in the civil war, was born in Caledonia Co., Vermont, March 11, 1844. He is the son of Joseph and Priscilla (Page) Stowe and came to Wisconsin with his parents when seven montlis old. They remained in Milwau- kee a year and then removed to Fond du Lac where they resided 12 years. The family after- wards removed to Appleton, where he resided at the time he entered the army. He enlisted Aug. 13, 1862, at Appleton, in Company D, 21st Wisconsin Infantry. His captain was John Jewett of Appleton. The command went to rendezvous at Oshkosh and Mr. Stowe was a participant in all the vicissitudes of war until •July 5, 18G4, when he was assigned to the hos- pital at Murfreesboro, Tenn. He went with the regiment to Cincinnati, and as it was be- 494 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF lieved that Covingtou was in danger, the regi- ment was assigned to the trenches there, where much suffering was undergone tlirough the laclc of equipii-ents. Proceeding tlience to the same duty at Louisville, the}' were soon put in condition for encountering the contingencies of war. He was in the battle of Perryville, and exposed to the fire of both armies for a time and was wounded slightly in his hand. He was in the marching and performed guard duty in Kentucky and was in the fight at Jefferson Pike in the battle of Stone River. He was in the action at Stone River and went on the march to Atlanta and fought at Resaca and the several actions that preceded the siege of At- lanta, and went into the actions of that fight and fought as long as he could stand. He car- ried his musket until he fell exhausted with the excessive heat and fatigue and went to the hospital at Murfreesboro, July 5th, 1864. He received honorable discharge July 22nd follow- ing and returned to Wisconsin. He came to Appleton and removed thence to Winneconne in 1869. He was married Sept. 30, 1866, to Carrie A. Ashby. Their children are named Jessie and Phebe. The former is the wife of Julius Ulrich of Winneconne and the latter resides at home. Mr. Stowe is a Prohibitionist in politics ; he is an excellent citizen and much respected. "^^tf^l^itf^ •-^♦^•-^t^. r(_G;s^ AMUEL J. WHITNACK, Neenah, Wis., TO^ was born May 12, 1836, in Groton, Tompkins Go. New York. He is a member of G. A. R. Post No. 129, and has permanently recorded himself on the list of the defenders of the heritage of his fathers, as an American citizen. Mr. Whitnack traces his ancestral stock to Holland, where Wolfort Webber married An- neke Wallis in 1630 and came with his house- hold to the New World in 1649. Another branch originated with Charles Fontine, who married Catherine Cady, liaving come hither from Holland in 1658. These were the two lines from which sprung his paternal grand- father, Peter Whitnack, a soldier in 1812. The wife of the latter was Elizabeth, sister of Peter Johnson, and a direct descendant of the two houses named. The Webber lineage preserve the traditions of their progenitors, which re- late that the arms of the family transmitted through the seals on the will of Wolfert Web- ber, consisted of a bunch of grapes, signifying plenty and a skull and cross bones, signifying the ultimate end of earth, which were on re- verse sides. The instrument was dated 1621, nine years prior to the marriage of the testator. Mr. Whitnack is the son of Henry and Mar- garet (Johnson) Whitnack, and was taken by them to Mt. Morris, Livingston county in his native State when a year old. He was reared on a farm and obtained a common school edu- cation. At 20, in 1856 he came alone to Wis- consin locating at Neenah, then in its first days as a municipality. His first business was in the capacity of clerk in a grocery, and in two years he went again to Mt. Morris to pass eight months with friends. On his return to Neenah, he engaged in farm- ing in his own interest for four years, and meantime, watched the progress of the war. Becoming satisfied that his duty was to assist in settling the difficulties under which the Nation was tottering, he determined to enlist and en- rolled Aug. 30, 1864, in Company E, 42nd Wis- consin Infantry for the war, and received hon- orable discharge June 20, 1865, according to General Order, May 29th preceding. "Prior to this enlistment, he had been elected and commissioned 2nd Lieutenant of Company I, 11th Wisconsin Infantry, and he held his pa- pers a month, waiting to arrange his business in order to go with his command, but he was unable to do so and resigned, l)eing honorably mustered out at Neenah. The 42nd Wisconsin was mustered in in September and proceeded to Cairo under orders. At Cairo, three days after arrival there, he was made Corporal and June 13, 1865, was made Sergeant. His commission in the hrst capacity was signed by the Lieut.- Colonel commanding the regiment and the Captain, Duncan McGregor, of Company A, commanding, affixed his signature to the second. The soldiers were there assigned to garrison duty and in October, the company to which Mr. Whitnack belonged, was sent with four others to Springfield, 111., for provost duty. The proximity of that section to Secessia made mil- itary discipline necessary and the time of the soldiers thereafter was passed in the duties con- tingent upon the period and place until dis- charged. Mr. Whitnack returned to Neenah and soon PERSONAL RECORDS. 495 after went to Canada (1866) and engaged iu uil business for a year, returning to Neenah and iu 1868 engaged in flour milling business in whicli be operated nine years. In 1877 be went to tbe Rocky Mountains and passed one year in tbe manufacture of lime from wbite spar. Re- turning to Neenab, be embarked in general trade until January, 1879, wben be went toMt. Morris for a year. In bS81, be came back to Neenab and lias since been interested in gen- eral speculation as a jobber, etc. He is prominent bi bis connection witli fine stock in liorses, and bas been tbe proprietor of some of tbe leading speeders of 8weigert and Hambletoniaii stock in Winnebago county. His judgment in relation to liorses is consid- ered reliable and he bas operated as a medium between the markets of tbe East and West to considerable extent. He was married Nov. 18, 1862, to Mary J. Henry. Tlieir onl}' cbild, Cbarles A., is com- pleting a course of pre})aratioii for the profes- sion of dentist at tbe Nortb Western College of Dental Surgery at Cbicago. Albert, anotber .son, died before be was a year old. Mrs. Wbitnack was born at Honeoye, Ontario Co., New York. Her parents, Albert Sraitb and Delia (Frink) Henry, were natives of New York. Samuel Frink Henry, her brother, was a soldier in tbe 21st Wisconsin. Her grand- father. Smith Henry, was a Colonel in tlie war of the Revolution. Mr. Wbitnack is Quartermaster of his Post (1888); he is also Senior Vice Commander. ■-^>t>-^>t^^0«^ EN.JAMIN FRANKLIN DORR, of An- tigo. Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 78, was born Aug. 7, 1833, in Lockport, Niagara Co., New York, son of Gridley and Roxey (Kimball) Dorr, both natives of Cornish, New Hampshire, and descendants of John Cotton and Elder Brewster and of Bradford, the first governor of Massachusetts. (Tbe christening blanket of Elder Brewster bas been divided and distributed among the branches of the Dorr family.) Wben Mr. Dorr was four years old he came to Fre- mont, Ohio, with his mother with the expecta- tion that his fatlier would very soon join them, but be died suddenly. The son received bis and is primary education in Ohio, after which he went to New Hampshire, where be fitted himself for the business of a civil engineer, and went to Iowa in I8r>;». Prior to that, in tlie fall of 1856, he came from Ohio to New London, Wis., where he was occupied in the prosecution of his profes- sion and in teaching until the summer of 1859, when he went to the plains. Feb. 20, 1864, he enlisted in G Company, 2nd Regiment Iowa Cavalry at Davenport, for three years, and received honorable discharge at Selma, Ala., Sept. 19, 1865. He enrolled as a recruit and before joining his regiment was assigned to the Quartermaster's Department at Davenport. He connected with his command July 1st following his enlistment at Memphis and was there about two months, engaged mean- while in a raid that consumed thirty days. From Memphis, tbe regiment went to. La Grange and tbence to Tupelo, Miss. At Ripley, Miss., in a skirmish, bis regiment drove a body of rebels. He fought all day at Tupelo (July 14tb) returning to Memphis to start for Hollj'^ Springs in the pursuit of Forrest and bush- wdiackers in which business tbe regiment had been occupied about two years. During this period Mr. Dorr was detailed to the headquarters of tbe 2nd Brigade, Grierson's Cavalry Corps, District of West Tennessee by order of Datus E. Coon, Colonel, commanding the brigade. July 31, 1864, be was detailed by special order to the headquarters of tbe 1st Di- vision of the same Corps by command of Gen- eral Edward Hatcb, where he remained until mustered out of the military service of the United States. The nature of the service he rendered may be understood by tlie following: — Head(iuarter's of tbe 5tb Division Military Di- vision of tbe Mississippi, Talladega, Sept. 5, 1865. "To whom it may concern: It gives me great pleasure to recommend to your favorable notice Frank Dorr of the 2nd Iowa Cavalry. No better soldier ever seived in the field or of- fice. As Chief Clerk in the District and Divis- ion Headquarters office, lie has rendered most valuable service. Any favor shown liim will be duly appreciated and reciprocated by your obedient servant, Edward Hatch, Brevet Major General." During the time, he was a partici- pant in all the dangers of the battlefields where his division fought. He was in tbe detail with Sherman in the advance movement to the sea and was in the three days fight at Nashville. Orders of General Hatch dated at Nashville, 496 SOLDIERS ALBUM OF Dec. 14, 1854, are held by Mr. Dorr, which di- rect the division to fight dismounted, with the exception of a single regiment, carrying one hundred rounds in cartridge boxes and on their persons, their horses to be led at a distance be- tween 500 and 1,000 yards in the rear. Section V reads "Brigade Commanders will attack vig- orously and push the enemy liome whenever the attack commences, losing no opportunity for throwing their mounted regiments in on the charge whenever opportunity offers." In the fight of the 14th the division took 12 brass 12- pounders from Hood's mud forts. Gen. A. .J. Smith said this was the first time he had seen cavalry charge fortifications. The rebs were in a semicircle and the division turned their left back on their center, the result being most disastrous and contributing largely to the final defeat of Hood. The division was afterward left as guard at Eastport, Miss., where supplies did not reach them for some time and tliey sub- sisted on parched and boiled corn and wished they were iiorses or swine in order that they might have their craving for food satisfied. Their number were here increased by recruits to 10,000. In July they went to Montgomery, Ala., where General Hatch commanded the de- partment, transferring later to Talladega where they reuiained until discharged, Selma being a few miles from tiiat place. Mr. Dorr was married Feb. 28, 1867, to Har- riet Chandler. Their children are Roy Kun- ball and Ruth Colcord. Lucia died when three months old, Winnie at six and a half years, Daisy at five, and Ethel at three years old; the last three died within two weeks of each other in January, 1877, of diphtheria. The mother was born in Hanover, N. H., and is a descendant of Governor William Slade of Vermont. Samuel Chandler was a soldier in the 21st Wisconsin. Henry Chandler enlisted in a Wis- consin regiment and died in hospital. These were brothers of Mrs. Dorr. Mr. Dorr went to West Liberty, Iowa, and passed the winter after the war, going thence to New London, Wis., and prospected two years for pine on the Menominee River, after which he passed several years on a farm in Linn Co., Iowa. Six years subsequent he was in Wau- paca and New London and in February, 1882, he located at Antigo, where he is engaged in the business of a surveyor, land agent and No- tary Public. In 1883 iie was Chairman of the Board and has been prominent in the progress of the fair little city. Mr. Dorr is a leader in his profession which he regards as equal to any other branch of business and has embodied his experience and views in a work called the "Sur- veyor's Guide and Pocket Table Book." It is unique and prized by purchasers as containing information not found in any other work of similar charactei*J and not easy accessible. NSON M. BRAINERD, a citizen of ^ Oshkosh, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 10, was born Oct. 8, 1833, at Leyden, Lewis Co., New York. His father, Asher Brainerd, was a na- tive of Haddam, Conn., and represented stock that sliared tlie labors and struggles of the early settlers in the country, his father, Jesse Brainerd, having fought in the war of the Rev- olution. Asher Brainerd proved the valor of his inherited blood by fighting in 1812 and was in the action known to history as Sackett's Harbor. Clarissa (Palmer) Brainerd, the mother, was born near the city of Albany, New York. Her mother was a Xsm Rennselaer and be- longed to Holland Dutch ancestry. Her father also fought at Sackett's Harl)or. Mr. Brainerd passed his youth in his native place, and, when 19 years old, went- to Cleve- land, Ohio, with his parents. Their removal there was effected in 1852. The son was a pu- pil in the cowimon schools througii his early boyhood and, when 11 years okl, became his father's assistant on the homestead. After ar- rival at Cleveland he entered the service of the well-known journal, tlie Plaindeakr, and worked in the press-room of that newspaper vuitil 1855, when he came to Oshkosh with his mother, his father having died in 1853. He engaged in steamboat! ng on the Fox and Wolf Rivers in which he was interested until he entered the army. He enlisted Nov. 25, 1861, in Company B, 3rd Wisconsin Cavalry. He was mustered in as a private and was afterwards promoted to Corporal, Duty and Quartermaster's and Or- derly Sergeant and wiis discharged while act- ing in the latter capacity at Fort Leavenworth, Kan., Sept. 8, 1865. The regiment left the State March 26, 1862, to report for duty and assignment at St. Louis, and in May went to Fort Leavenworth. They PERSONAL RECORDS. 497 were there supplied with liorses and divided into battuHons, Company B heing in the "3rd" and stationed at Fort Leavenworth with Com- panies D, K and H. Tiie portion of tlie com- mand remaining there, performed provost duty and were at times engaged in chasing Quan- trell's guerriUas and in tigliting busliwhackers in endless siiirmishes wliich will never be ade- quately recorded from tlie desultory character of the service. September 11th, Companies B and H were left at Fort Leavenworth and in May, 1863, went to Fort Scott and Mr. Brainerd was soon after in active service as escort to the supply train en route to Fort Blunt. He was engaged in repulsing the attacking rebels and was again in the same service at Cabin Creek in the Cherokee Nation. In both actions he had the satisfaction of helping to win victory. In .June, with 200 men commanded by Cajitain Stout of Company H en route from Fort Scott to Fort Gibson, he was escorting fiOO wagon.s, and when within 40 miles of the latter place Company B took 40 wagons and set out for Fort Gibson, making a forced march and re- turned to meet the main command 30 miles from Fort Gibson. The next morning Mr. Brainard took two Cherokee Indians and starteii to return with despatches. Within five miles of the fort on the Verdigris River, while look- ing for the L^nion picket post, they found them- selves suddenly among the rebels, commanded by Colonel Cooper, who had captured the men they were looknig for. He signaled to the In- dians to go back, but received signals from them to follow, and they crossed the river and conducted him in safety to Fort Gibson. He was in the fight at Honey Springs July 17th under the command of General Blunt of the Army of the Frontier, and was also in the fighting which filled many days with incident while following the rebels in the chase to and the evacuation of Perryville, and he assisted in the destruction of that rebel stronghold. Until October he was engaged in scouting with the guerrillas as an incentive for activity and went next to Fort Scott and thence to Van Buren, Ark. He was in countless raids and in driving rebel Indians and veteranized at Little Rock. Afterwards, he was engaged in duty incident to cavalry life on the frontier in connection with the 7th Army Corps. In June, 1865, he went to St. Louis and thence to Springfield, Mo., whence he marched to Fort Leavenworth where he remained until September. He was there mustered out of the .service of the I'liited States and returned to Wisconsin. He located at Oshkosh, where he lias since been interested in the business of a nurseryman and gardener. He is the owner of five acres of land in a valuable state of improvement and located within the city limits, where he is pur- suing his calUng with success. His grounds are fitted with every appurtenance for the pros- ecution of his business, and he has also a com- fortable and pleasant home connected there- with. He was married March 1st, 1869, to Carrie Hanon, who is now deceased. She left a son named Ralph E. Mr. Brainerd was again married in February, 1884, to Mrs. Mary E. Murray. She was formerly Miss Shortridge. Her brother enlisted from Wisconsin and after- wards connected himself with the regular ser- vice, losing his life in the taking of New Or- leans in 1862. Carlos M., a brother of Mr. Brainerd, was an enlisted man in the 118th New York Infantry. Mr. Brainerd has served the city of Oshkosh in the capacity of Alderman of the 4tli Ward and has acted as Junior Vice Commander of Post 10 and, in the current year, 1888, was made Officer of the Day. r^^RANCIS STIRN, of Manitowoc, Wis., p^ member of G. A. R. Post No. 18, "^ was born August 17, 1811, in Prague, a prominent city of ^Austria. When he was 11 j'ears old he came to America in 1852, joining his father in New York, with his brothers and sisters. His father was a prominent man in Austria, and was one of the leaders of the rebellion of 1848, and was obliged to leave his family and fly to the pro- tection of the United States. After six years of struggle, the mother with her Hock of children started for the New World and died during the passage. The father came to Manitowoc with his family. Just one week after the assault on the forts in Charleston Harbor, April 19, 1861, Mr. Stirii enlisted in Company A, 5th Wisconsin Infan- try, for three years, and on the organization of his company was made Corporal. Ths regi- ment was assigned to the brigade of General Rufus King (see sketch), and soon after was ti'ansferred to Hancock's brigade and he per- 498 SOLDIERS* ALBUM OF formed camp duty until March, 1862, when he was in tlie advance against Manassas and went with the command to Alexandria, preparatory to the Peninsula Campaign. He was in the action at Young's Mills and Williamsburg, fouglit at Golden's Farm, at Savage Station and White Oak Swamp. He was in the action at Malvern Hill and participated later in the tight at Crampton's Gap and was present at Antietam and at Fredericksburg. May 3rd, 1863, lie was in the storming of Marye's Heights under Colonel Allen (see sketch) and was wounded in the charge. He went to the field hospital with a severe wound in his leg and was mentioned in the dispatches. He was wholly disabled for field service and was trans- ferred Sept. 1, 1863, to the Veteran Reserve Corps at Washington and remained on duty until tlie expiration of his term of service, July 13, 1864. He was on duty at the Capital dur- ing Early's raid ni t^ e defense of the city. IVIr. Slirn was married Oct. 8, 1865, to Ber- tha Eckardt, of Manitowoc. They are child- less, but have the care of three children, or- phaned by the death of a brother of Mr. Stirn, and a fourth, wlio is the" orphan child of Mrs. Stirn's sister. Mr. Stirn is the City Treasurer of Manito- owoc (1888) and has held various other posi- tions of responsibility and tru.st. •f-J»j^ v,>»^ J^^«C5tf^>«5<^ :RMAN WALTHER, of Merrill, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post Lincoln, No. 131, was born Feb. 5, 1838, in the capital city of Prussia — l^erlin. He is the son of Julius and and Louisa (Von Kochendorfer) Walther. On the mother's side he is of princely extraction, his maternal house being of the same rank as that of Bismarck with whose wife his mother was a schoolmate. His father was a manufac- turer and prominent in the upper circles of his native country. He was active in the disturb- ances in Europe in the spring of 1848 and for his prominence in the affairs of that period was compelled to fly for safety in 1849. He died at Fond du Lac wiiere he is buried and where his wife is still living. Tlie son was 10 years old when the removal to America was effected. His parents lived a year in Chicago and went thence to Sheboygan, Wis., removing thence to Fond du Lac in the fall of 1852. Mr. Walther lived there until he came to Merrill in 1880. After reaching a suitable age, he engaged in tiie sawmill business there and on coming to Merrill was engaged in a sash and door factory for a year, after which he began hotel business as tiie proprietor of the Park Hou.se on the west side of the river, in which lie is still oper- ating as landlond. Ai Fond du Lac he offi- ciated three years in a municipal office and has served as Alderman for one year. He was married Dec. 25, 1863, to Kate Blasius. Their children are named Lizzie, Annie, Mary, Herman, Theodore and Kate. Tlie wife is a native of Luxemburg, where her father was a grower of grapes and a manufac- turer of wine. Her mother's name was Leid- wein and her brother was a General in the French Army. She was brought to America in infancy. Mr. Waltiier was one of the first to respond to the requisition made on the State of Wiscon- sin, April 16, 1861, and enlisted in the 1st Wis- consin regiment that organized at Camp Scott, Milwaukee, and reported as ready for duty on the 22nd of the same month. He was enrolled in Company I and was with the command through its experiences in the transportation to Maryland where it was attached to the brigade of General Abercrombie. He was in the first action in which Wisconsin troops were engaged and where the first Wisconsin blood was spilled in defence of the flag — Falling Waters, July 2, 1861. In August, the command returned to Wisconsin to be. re organized, and Mr. Walther re-enlisted in K Company. In October, the command was once more on tlie way to the scene of active warfare and arrived at Louis- ville two days after. Tiience to tbe moutii of Salt River, to Elizabethlown on the Ohio, to Bacon Creek, to Nasiiville, and to Edgeville com- prised the immediate movements of the regi- ment. In April, 1862, the captain of K Com- pany was made Provost Marshal of Columbia and the company assigned to guard duty. In May the company was one of four sent to attempt an attack on Chattanooga, which was unsuccessful and the regiment was again reached at Huntsville, Ala. There was a skir- mish in July, and in August the regiment was sent to Nasiiville. In September the command was again moving towards active warfare in pursuit of General Bragg. October 8th, Mr. PERSONAL RECORDS. 499 Walther was in tlie battle at Chaplin iliUs (Perryville) and at Stone River, Dec. 31st and Jan. 1st. ' In the summer of 1SG3, he was seized with dropsy and was finally .sent on sick leave to the hospital at Munfordsville, Ky., where lie lemained Hve montlis and was discharged thence after a comiection of two years and ten months with the army. *-S)^:^-^>^^^(j^-i OSHE FREDERICK SCHWEERS, Shawano, Wis., and a member of (i. A. R. Post No. 81, was born March 2, 1837, in Germany, and is the son of Cliristian and Anna Schweers, who removed with their family to America in 18G1 and located at Shawano where they both died. (See sketch of John M. Schweers.) Mr. Schweers came to Wisconsin with iiis parents, having received his education and training as a blacksmith in his native country and he worked at that business until he entered the army. He enlisted August 19, 1862, in Company I, 32nd Wisconsin Infantry at Sha- wano for three years and received honorable discharge at Washington, June 14, 1865. He went with his command from the rendezvous at Oshkosh to West Tennessee where the regi- ment was assigned to the command of Sher- man and was attached to the forces of Grant in readiness to move in the operations against Vicksburg, which were brought to a sudden termination by the disaster at Holly Springs, and Mr. Schweers was a participant in the heavy and exhaustive marching consequent upon the change of base and afterwards to the relief of Colonel Hatch. He was on scout duty in looking after Forrest and in the operations of the Meridian Expedition, returning to Vicksburg. He was in the movements against General Forrest afterward and performed guard and garrison duty at Decatur and was in tl;e skirmishes in the vicinity of Courtland which were several times repeated. He was in the continuous siege of Atlanta for more than a week and was in the raids on tiie Macon Rail- road and followed the rebels to Lovejoy Station and was afterwards at Atlanta preparing for the march through the heart of rebeldom with Sherman and was engaged in the activities witli which his regiment was connected in Georgia and the Carolinas and in the Hnal long marcli through Virginia to Washington. He returned from tlu; war to Sliawano where he has .since followed iiis trade. He was mar- ried September 20, iSfJC), to Augusta Healat and their children are named William, Emma, Lucelia and Alma. Mr. Schweers is of the Democratic persuasion in politics and is a re- spected citizen of Shawano. ■•^=^*-^>!i>i^^'«ff«f-'<«=f*f- ENSON S. PHILBRICK, of Wausau, Wis., and a member of Lysander Cutler Post, G. A. R., No. 55, was born in Philadelphia, Jefferson Co., New York, and is the son o! Clawson and Jane Philbrick. He is a brother of William Phil- brick whose war record appears on anotlier page. He was 11 years old when his father removed his family from the Empire State to Illinois and two years later they settled at Wau- sau. In 1857, Mr. Pliilbrick became a student at Lawrence University at Appleton and stud- ied there two years, going in 1859, to Michigan, where he remained until the advent of Civil War. Aug. 15, 1862, he enlisted in B Com- jtany, 27th Michigan Volunteer Infantry at Hancock, Mich., for tliree years. Oct. 7, 1862, on the organization of his company he was made Corporal, and later was promoted suc- cessively to the positions of 2nd and 1st Ser- geant. July 25, 1865, he received honorable dis- charge at VVashington, D. C, after tiie termina- tion of the war. His regiment was assigned to the central division of the army of the North and he fought with little interruption in the various battles in which his regiment was en- gaged. He was in the siege of A'icksburg, at Jackson, Miss., at Kno.xville, Teini., in tlie bat- tles of the Wilderness, at S])otsyIvania, Peters- burg, Fort Mahone, and in the continuous skir- mishing and guarding of the Weldon railroad. At Spotsylvania he was captured, (May 13, 1864) and, like his brother, remained in the custody of his captors until an opportunity pre- sented, when he leaped from the window of the building in which he had been shut up for safe keeping. He was slightly wounded the same day. When the assault was made on Fort Malione in front of Petersburg, Iiis regi- ment was in tiie assaulting column, and he was 500 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF the first man to enter the earthworks. His position was in front and he was impelled by the force of the charge into the very front. But tlie fact that the quality of his bravery in the assault was beyond question and that it was appreciated by bis commanding ofticers is demonstrated by his having received a Lieuten- ant's commission for special gallantry in front of Petersburg. In 1853, Mr. Philbrick settled at Wausau, where he has since pursued his business as a contractor and builder. He was married in June, 186G, to Mary M. Atkinson and. they have five sons and a daughter, named Clarence E., Ralph L., Benson S. P., Edgar A.. Arthur G. and Pearl. Ralph L., sixteen years old in 1888, was Captain of the U. S. Grant Light Guards and took first prize in the manual of arms at Iron Mountain, Mich., July 4, 1886, three companies competing. The membership of tiie company were lads of from 12 to 15 years old. He is known as the " Boy Orator " from his uncommon natural gift in that dii-ec- tion. Mr. Philbrick is one of the honored and respected citizens of Wausau and he has estab- lished his record as a citizen, a man and pa- triot. MCDONALD, was born Sept. Menominee, Midi., was born Sept. 17, 1830, in Armstrong Co., Pennsylvania. He was brought up in that State and moved to Ohio after marriage. He had very little advantage for olitaining an education, as lie belonged to the laboring class in early lile, and the schools in an unsettled country partook of the character usual in such localities. In the course of his life in Ohio, he enlisted Oct. 27, 1861, in A Company, 56th Ohio Infantry, at Portsmoutli for three years. He received honorable discharge at New Orleans, Dec. 27, 1864. He was 32 years old when he enlisted and fully realized the importance of the work in which he proposed to assist. His regiment was assigned to the command of General Grant, 13th Army Corps, 12tli Division and 2nd Brigade, the corps commander being General McClernand, Division, General Hovey and Brigade, General Slack. The regiment made connection with the army of Grant and was assigned to service in the plans for the capture of Vicksbnrg. The 56th Ohio was in the action at Port Gibson where it lost a consider- able number of men. At Champion's Hill the regiment again suffered severely and was engaged in the 47-days siege of Vicksburg. After the occupation of that city by Grant, the 56th Ohio went to Jackson, Miss., to participate in that battle, meeting with heavy loss a tliird time. From there the command went to Cor- inth and in the spring of 1864 was assigned to the Red River expedition and Mr. McDonald was in the action at Sabine Cross Road.s, in Louisiana, and fought the following day at Pleasant Hill. Later, the command proceeded to New Orleans where Mr. McDonald was re- leased from military obligations and returned to Ohio. In 1873 he came to Marinette, arriv- ing May 10th. He found employment as a laborer in the lumber mills at a dollar a day, working one summer. In the fall he took up a homestead claim at Stevenson, 22 miles dis- tant, on which he was a resident five years ; in 1879 he sold his propertj', comprising 160 acres of good and valuable land and moved to Marin- ette. After a summer there he returned to Stevenson and purchased two lots and built a house. He was a resident of that place 12 years, then sold out and went back to Marinette for a three-years stay when he settled in Me- nominee and resides in the 3rd Ward. (French- town.) He is the son of John McDonald, a native of Scotland and who lived to be more than a hundred years old ; he married Mary Gould a native of Pennsylvania. Of eight children born to them four are not living. Tlie mater- nal grandfather, Daniel Gould, was 94 years of age when his life ended. He was a German. The father is buried in Ohio and the mother in Pennsylvania. April 12, 1855, Mr. McDonald was married to Susan Gould and eight of their nine children ai'e living — Mary Jane, John Henry, Geo. Isaac, Barbara .Jane, Hannah Melissa, Tliomas, Martha and James. Sarah is dead. ILLIAM S. HALLADAY of Plover, Wis., and member of G. A. R. Post No. 149, was born June 11, 1839, in Manchester, Ontario Co., New York. He is the son of Cor- nelius and Ursula (Piper) Halladay, and an ac- PERSONAL RECORDS. 501 count of the family of his parents may be found on another page. (See sketch lol- lowing.) In the first year of his Ufe, his parents located in the town of Groton a few miles from Sandusky, Ohio and he went with them successively to Hudson, Mich., and finally located at Plover, Wis. His father was a farmer and, in connection with that business, was niterested in the improvement of speeding horses and in rearing fine stock for racing. When Mr. Halladay was 1(5 years old he left school and surrendered himself to his natural tastes and operated as a rider on running horses during the seasons commonly appropri- ated to that business. Tlirough the winter seasons intervening, he engaged as a clerk and followed these vocations until he became a family man. He was married Nov. 22, 1863, to Augusta, daughter of George and Elmira (Camp) Prouty, residents of Oswego county New York. Her parents were born and reared in the Empire State and were there married in 1844. Mrs. Plaliaday is their oldest child and was born in 1845. Her only sister, Mrs. Mary Jane Beach of Plover, was born in 1846. They are the only children. Mrs. Halladay removed to Wisconsin with her parents in 1856, when she was 11 years old and has since lived in Plover. Her father died in 1879, aged 60 years. Her mother resides with her daughters and is 68 years old. After marriage Mr. and Mrs. Halladay located at Bellevue, Ohio, and a year later they went to Pike Creek where they resided two years and went tiience to Hudson, Mich. These several transfers were made in pioneer fashion with teams, the family and household effects being removed together. Their stay in Michigan was short and they re- moved to Plover where they settled perman- ently. Mr. Halladay engaged in mercantile interests until he entered the army. He enlisted in the work of raising soldiers as soon as the war commenced and continued his active operations in that line until his own enlistment August 16, 1864, at Grand Rapids, Wis., in Company H, 3rd Wisconsin Cavalry. He was in the rendez- vous at Camp Randall, Madison, a few days, when he was sent to St. Louis and was in Sco- field BaiTacks No. 3 until he joined the com- mand at Little Rock, Ark., and went thence into camp at Duvall's Bluff. On the way down the river, Mr. Halladay made liis first practical acquaintance with rebel venom, the confeder- ate? firing on the transport from their ambus- cades on the banks of the river. The re-organ- ized command was equipped at Little Rock and their first active duty was the dispersion of the forces of Kirby Smith and in skirmishing with the guerrillas of Quantrell, with whom they had encounters near Fort Smith and at Dardanelles and in the spring of 1865 tliey were busily en- gaged in all the localities within their reach, which were infested with guerrillas and bush- whackers. Mr. Halladay enlisted in Company H and, when the consolidation took place, he was assigned to Company A. He was in a de- tail with his captain, Julius Giesler, in a raid after guerrillas and they were led by their guide into a rebel ambush, when a volley of balls flew from an unexpected quarter and Caj)tain Giesler was mortally wounded. The service in which Mr. Halladay was engaged, included almost daily skirmishing in Missouri and Arkansas, and he was in numberless en- gagements which, like much cavalry service, disappears in tlie light of prominent activities and some of the most dangerous and most ettective service of the civil war has thereby been lost to history. He received honorable discharge June 19, 1865, at St. Louis, Mo. Re- turning to Plover, he resumed connection with mercantile life, in which he was interested until 1868 when he went to Topeka, Kansas, return- ing thence after a sojourn of three months. He sold his business and located at New Lisbon, Juneau Co., Wis., and, after a stay of a year, he returned to Plover, where he has since resided with the exception of a short stay in Kansas. His family includes his wife and two sons. William Seward was born Aj^ril 29, 1866, and Fred George, Jan. 13, 1871. The oldest is in the employ of the United States Express Company at Appleton, Wis. Mr. Halladay is prosecuting his business as a merchant at Plover and is a promment member of the G. A. R. Post, in whicii he is serving as Senior Vice Commander. He is descended from ancestral stock that participated in the early struggles of the coun- try. His paternal great grandfather fought in the Revolution and the old canteen, sliaped like a small barrel, is in his posses.sion. Mr. Halladay and three brothers, John H., Edwin and Eugene were all soldiers in the civil war. A detailed account of their service, experiences and the death of two of them is found in connection with the sketch of Mrs. 502 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF Halladay above referred to. The family is one that has' been identified with the history of Plover for 40 years, and their record of in- tegrity, upriglitness and social standing in the community to which they belong is unex- celled. Mr. Halliday is a staunch Republican in politics and cast his first vote for Abraham Lincoln. RS. URSULA HALLADAY, of Plover, Wis., widow of Cornelius Halladay, a former citizen of that place and mother of two of the martyrs of the civil war, was born in 1816 at Manchester, Ontario Co., New York. She is the daughter of Jabez P. and Polly (Sawyer) Piper, and her parents were long time residents of the Empire State where they reared 10 chil- dren on the homestead in Manchester, where the daughter resided until her marriage to Mr. Cornelius Halladay. With one brother, she is the survivor of all the other members of her family. Pjdward Piper is a resident at Battle Creek, Mich. The deceased brothers and sis- ters were named Truman, Nathaniel, Simon, Fannie, Rachel, Mary Ann, Elniira and Phil- ander. Cornelius Halladay was born in 1807. In 1839, with his wife, he went to a place eight miles from Sandusky, Ohio, in the town of Groton and located for two years on a farm. They went thence to Hudson, Mich., and, a year later, in 1842, removed to Plover, Wis. Mr. Halladay died on his farm in Plover at the age of 77 years. The family included nine children. W. S., .John H., Edwin, Eugene, and Franklin F. were the names of the sons. Four of them became defenders of tlie United States flag in the civil war. W. S. Halladay is a merchant at Plover and a sketch of his life as as civilian and soldier precedes this. John H. enlisted and returned in safety. Edwin enlisted and his command was sent to the frontier, where he was taken sick at Fort Zorali. His illness was caused by the exposure to which he was subjected, the soldiers of the command living in dugouts and all the hospital shelter available was that of a tent. He was removed to Fort Leavenworth and left that place March 17, 1865, for home. He reached Omro where he died April 1st following, aged 21 years. He was buried in the cemetery at Plover. Eugene enlisted in Compau}' E, 18th Wisconsin Infan- try, Feb. 22, 1862, at Linwood for three years. Tlie regiment was in the Department of the West and he was in the action at Pittsburg Landing, where he was injured and was finallj^ sent to the hospital at Washington. It was ap- parent that he could not survive long and he i-eceived a pass North. He succeeded in reach- ing the home of his sister at Collins Center, Erie Co., Pa„ where he died Jan. 10, 1865. He was 19 years old. The widowed mother is a resident of Plover, where she is respected and beloved and is the center of deep interest and affection. She is 72 years old. Her daughter, Emoretta, mar- ried Ben S. Jackson and is a resident of Cavour, Beadle Co., Dak. She is the mother of three children. Franklin, another sou, is a resident of Plover and is Surveyor of Portage Count}'. John H. lives at Beatrice, Gage Co., Neb. t£f^^lLLlAM J. BROWN, of Marion, " '' Wis., a member of G. A. R. Post No. 79, is a citizen of the United States b)' adoption. He was born Canada, July 21, 1882. He was interested from the firing of the first gun of the rebellion in the results to the laud of his hopes and, under the pressure of events fol- lowing the first battle of Bull Rnn, he deter- mined to enlist and he enrolled as a soldier for the defense of the Union in the State of Penn- sylvania, Aug. 26, 1861, in G Company, 46th Pennsylvania Infantry, and was discharged on account of plij'sical disability, May 22, 1862. After his recovery, he again enlisted for a year in the 171st Pennsylvania Infantry and on the organization of Company B, was made 2nd Lieutenant. He came to WLscousin on being i-eleased at the expiration of his time, and, Sept. 21, 1S64, enlisted in the 42nd Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry at Madison, for three years. He was made First Lieutenant of G Company the day he enlisted. The regiment had been mustered in on the 7th of the month and left the State the day Mr. Brown enrolled in its ranks. He received final discbarge at Madison, July 25, 1865, and has since enjoyed the privi- ni Kingston, PERSONAL RECORDS. 503 leges of citizenship in a united country, with the satisfaction of a true patriot who has risked the emergiencies of the battle field to secure them. During the period of Ids service in the army he fought ut Winchester, Gettysburg, Newburn, and Little Washington, N. (J. The 46th Pennsylvania was sent to Wil- liamsport, Md., and thence to Hancock in the same State. Tlie next change of base was to Martinsburg, Va., the regiment Ijeing all the time on picket guard. From there the command went to Winches- ter, where Mr. Brown was on guard duty, going thence to Strasburg and to Staunton. In both the last named places tliere was lieavy skir- mishing. While a member of tlie 17th Penn- sylvajiia he was in the hot fight at Gettysburg. He also participated in the actions at Newbern and Little Washington, N. C. The 42nd Wis- consin was raised to perform service as re- quii'ed at various points and its companies were distributed according to emei'gencies. Company G was sent to Marshall, 111., on the border of Indiana to assist in the enforce- ment of the draft, where the soldiers were chiefly engaged-in post and guard duty. Later, they were sent to Camp Butler, 111., and thence to Cairo. The cessation of liostiHties having made their services no longer a necessity, the company was ordered to report at Madison for dischai'ge. Since the war, Mr. Brown lias resided in Ma- rion. He is a contractor and builder by pro- fession and one of the reliable citizens of this portion of the Badger State. ■ AMES A. DON LEVY, of Oconto, Wis., a member of G. A. R. Post No. 74, was born July 30, 1845, at Waterloo, Seneca Co., New York. His father, James Don was a native of Ireland and his mother, Elizabeth Morton previous to marriage, was born in Vermont. The paternal grandfather was a soldier in the British army. Mr. Don Levy pas.sed a part of his youth in his native place and in 1857 came to West Wisconsin and located at Oconto, where he enlisted May 16, 1864, in Company H, 39tli Wisconsin Infantry for 100 days. He was in the rendezvous camp at Madison, went thence to Milwaukee to be as- signed and went to Memphis. The 39th was assigned to tlie 3rd Brigade and was stationed near the city as guard, and relieved veteran troops needed elsewiiere where raw recruits were of little avail. Mr. Don Levy was em- ployed in picket duty all the time and was in line of battle at the time of Forrest's raid on Memphis. The pickets on duty at that time were of the 39th and were driven in by the advance of the rebels. Mr. Don Levy was made 1st Sergeant on the formation of his company and was absent from home four niontlis. He was mustered out Sept. 22, 1864, and returned to Wisconsin. After the war he located again at Oconto and is employed by tlie Oconto Lumber Company as head bookkeeper. He was married April 14, 1872, to Ellen Creedon, a ladj' from Boston, Mass. Mr. Don Levy has been most prominent in the afi'airs pertaining to Ramsay Post at Oconto and has been largely instrumental in j^reserv- ing its continuance. He is present Comman- der. (1888.) Three of his brothers were sol- diers for the Union in the civil war. William and Homer were enlisted men in the 11th Wisconsin Battery and Peter enlisted in Com- pany H, ."Jitth Wisconsin Infantry. The only sister, Mrs. William Wagner, resides at Green Bay. Mr. Don Levy is a man who has sus- tained his record as a patriot in the affairs of every day life since his return from the army. He enjo3's the confidence and esteem of all who know him and in all his relations to business and society, reflects credit on his career as a man and citizen. !r'^5-j5»^*-^t^: It^-) ENJAMIN F. SHIPLEY, of New Lon- don, Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 40, was born June 17, 1835, at Troy, Waldo Co., Maine. He came from his native State to Waupaca county, where he owned a farm. He enlisted Aug. 15, 1862, in Company G, 21st Wisconsin Infantry, for three years. In February, 1864, he was made Corporal and received honorable discharge June 8, 1865, at Washington, D. C. The roster of his battles and skirmishes in- cludes 20 names and among them are Perry- ville. Stone River (Jefferson Pike), Tullahoma, Hoover's Gap, Dug Gap, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Lookout Alountain, Rocky Face Ridge, 304 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF Snake Creek Gap, Resaca, Pumpkin Vine Creek, Big Shanty, Atlanta, Jonesboro and Benton ville. The regiment left the State Sep- tember 11, 1862, and was first in action at Perryville, October 8tli, and was constantly in active military duty, fighting, marching, scout- ing and skirmishing until the winter of 1863 — 64 which was passed on Lookout Mountain. The regiment remained there until the 2nd day of May. Mr. Shipley was a witness of the destruction of Atlanta and participated in the fighting, skirmishing, destruction and con- struction of roads, and in the marching through Georgia, South and North Carolina, going to Goldsboro and thence to Raleigh after the sur- render of Johnston. He discussed the cjuestiou of the surrender with many rebels who stated that they were glad that the war was over, although most of them supposed their homes were destroyed. The 21st experienced some of its hardest marching through Virginia to Washington, and in the Grand Review Mr. Shipley saw Andrew Johnson, Generals Grant and Sherman and other prominent men. He saw the doors of the Capitol ojiened for the m- spection of the soldiers of Sherman's army and passed a whole day in the Government build- ings. After their muster rolls were made out, the regiment had its first ride from Washing- ton to Milwaukee. Mr. Shipley reached home the day after his oOth birthday. In tiie fall of 1865, he went to a farm five miles from New London which he managed four years. Sell- ing the place, he went to New London in 1870 and has since been occupied as a mason. He was married at New London in 1858 to Olive Benedict. Their children were born as fol- lows: — Franklin B., May 7, 1860; Isaac W., June 30, 1862; Mary A., Aug. 16, 1866; Ernest F., Feb. 8, 1869; John L., Nov. 13, 1871; George W., Sept. 9, 1875. Isaac died March 15, 1863, at Kenosha, Wis. »^>t^'~S>t^^^^'^*ti- '^^m^-'- AMES ISAAC JONES, dental surgeon at Kaukauna, Wis., was born Dec. 25, 1847, in Cassopolis, Cass Co., Mich. To the age of 15 years he lived in his native place with his parents, attending the common schools and growing up with all the inherent patriot- ism and spirit that characterised the boys of his generation. He was but a lad when the hor- rors of the civil war engaged his attention and he did not rest until he succeeded in entering the army for the Union. His parents had the natural objection to a son's taking such a step while in immature years and steadily opposed his dtclared determination to enlist. He was 14 on Christmas Day, 1861, and, on the third of January, following, he enrolled as a soldier. Immediately after the attack on the forts in Charleston harbor he ran away with two com- panions and went to Kalamazoo, Mich., with the intention of enlisting in the lltii Michigan Infantry. But his watchful father intercepted and brought him home. On the day men- tioned, which followed his failure, he started for Indiana. On reaching La Porte he enlisted under the name of Duncan Proctor, in I Com- pany, Ninth Indiana Volunteer Infantry. By that name he is recorded on the archives of the Hoosier State as a defender of the Union, and, by it will be honored, when the future historian shall register that cognomen as one inscribed on the roll of honor of Indiana. The regiment in which he enrolled had served a three months term, and in January, 1861, was reorganizing for the war. From La Porte, the command went to Cincinnati, Ohio, and was assigned to the Army of the Tennessee, commanded by General Grant. Mr. Jones first acquaintance with rebel powder and shot was at Sliiloh, and he was a participant in the actions in which his regiment was involved until his health failed. They included the important engagements at Memphis, siege of Knoxville and many skir- mishes, and he also performed the laborious duties pertaining to the progress of affairs in Western Tennessee. He was finally sent to the hospital at Memphis, whence he was discharged for disabilities incurred in the service, Juue 7, 1863. He returned to the home of his parents and, after recruiting his health, he obtained employ in a furniture factory at Cassopolis, in which situation lie remained untii 1872. At that date he entered upon the study of dental surgery, finishing his preparation for his practice at the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor. He commenced his business as a dentist at Cassopo- lis and continued to operate there until his re- moval to Wisconsin in August, 1883, when he he located, for an experiment at Neenah. A little more than a year later, he settled at Kau- kauna. PERSONAL RECORDS. r,or, He was married April 25, 1867, to Annette Emily Morse, and they are the parents of four children. ^\■ ni. Byron, Sidney (leorge and Edith are living; Ella died at the age of three weeks. Daniel Smitli Jones, the father of Dr. Jones was born in Butler Co., Ohio., and was the descen- dant in the third remove from Welsh ancestors. Selina (Miller) Jones, the motlier, was a native of Genesee Co., New York, and of lineage tiiat dates back for several generations in the Empire State. DWARD MCGLACHLIN, one of tlie editors and proprietors of the Stevens Point Journal, (Wis.,) and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 15G, was born Dec. 19, 1840, in Watson, Lewis Co., New York. He is the son of Ephraim and Eunice (Fenton) McGlachlin, and his fatlier was a native of the Empire State, born of lineage which came from Scotland in the earlj' history of the country. His great grandfather was captured by the In- dians in the war of the Revolution and was drowned while being taken across the St. Law- rence River. The mother was born in the State of New York and was the daughter of a sire who was born in Massachusetts and con- nected with the stock from which Governor Fenton of New York descended. Previous to his 17th year, Mr. McGlachlin in Watson and in He entered the prominent dairy- whose employ lie part of the time year, attended the common school 1857, came to Wisconsin, employ of Hiram Smith, a man at Sheboygan Falls, in remained nearly two years, doing chores for his board and going to school. He went next to Elmwood in the vicinity of Peoria, 111., where lie entered the coal mines. The country was overstocked with laborers of all classes, the panic of 1857 having closed many avenues of labor, and it was almost impossible to obtain work. Mr. McGlachlin was glad to be employed even in digging coal and, part of the winter of 1859-60, he paid for his board by husking corn. In the following spring he went to Fond du Lac and entered the office of the Commonwealth, to learn the ijusiness of a printer and was occupied there IS months when he determined to enter the army. He enlisted at Fond du Lac Sept. 21, 1861, in Company K, 1st Wisconsin Infantry, on the re-organization of the lirst regiment which went from Wisconsin to the war. He enrolled for three years and in June, 18(!.'), was made Corporal and later was pro- moted to Sergeant. His term of service ex- pired in September, 1864, but he was not able to be mustered out at that date, nor when the regiment w-as discharged, as he was a prisoner of war and held by the rebels in the prison pen at Florence, S. C, and he was not mustered out until December following. From the rendez- vous at Camp Scott, .\jilwaukee, the regiment went to Jefferson ville, Ind., and thence to West Point and Green River, where Mr. McGlachlin worked on fortifications, fought guerrillas and bushwhackers and helped to build bridges, the command having been assigned to the Army of the Ohio. He marched from Green River to Nashville, and thence to Mount Pleasant, Tenn., Company K being stationed on provost duty at Columbia and, when the company rejoined the regiment lie went with three other companies on a 16-day march to Chattanooga and the small force bombarded the now historic city, the key of the situation, wrested afterwards from the possession of the confederates. It was an idle attempt and the companies marched back to Stevenson and liridgeport and Mr. McGlach- lin was on duty as guard at the ford at Muscle Shoals. He went back to Nashville to perform provost duty there, after which he was in the famous pursuit of Bragg between the line of the rebel march and that of Buell. At Louis- ville he was for several weeks, confined in a hospital, rejoining his regiment at Mitchels- ville. He went thence to Nashville and was next in action in the battle of Stone River, assisting in the expulsion of the rebels from tlie rifle pits and in the capture of Murfreesboro. He was occupied on the fortifi- cations there until the advance to Tullahoma when he was in the fight at Hoover's Gap. He was in the fight near Dug Gap, and was next in action at Chickamauga, September 19th and 20tli. Between sundown and dark of the second day he was taken prisoner by the rebels and taken to Dalton whence he was conveyed on the cars to Atlanta. He passed a night there and proceeded thence to Richmond where he was confined a week on Belle Island in the James River. He was then placed in Smith's Building, near Libby and in December was removed to Danville, Va., and in April fol- lowing to the stockade prison at Andersonville, 506 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF Ga., where he was confined until September and went to Ciiarlestoa, wliere the prisoners whom the rebels were transferring from point to point, in the endeavor to anticipate Sher- man's operations, were turned onto the race track. The}' occupied the delectable quarters about one month and went next to Florence where, on the 9th of December, 1864, he was paroled. He was taken to Cbarleston where the federal transport lay in the harbor about a mile from Fort Sumter, to which the paroled prisoners were transferred by rebel transports. Mr. McGlachlin was conveyed to to Annapolis, where he received a 30-day fur- lough, when he reported to Columbus, Ohio, and received orders to go to Milwaukee for final discharge, where his regiment had been mustered out five months before. He had endured the horrors of prison life in the South ten days less than 15 months. The circumstances of his receiving parole were these: — Arrangements were in progress to parole 10,000 sick and wounded and, as his health was comparatively good, he feared he would not be passed. When he was was examined by the rebel surgeon he was asked how long he had been a prisoner. He answered that he had been confined nearly 15 months. " Where are you from?" asked the surgeon. " From Wisconsin," was the reply. " You are a long way from home and I guess you had better go," said the surgeon. Mr. Mc- Glachlin says this was the happiest moment he ever experienced and he took a seat with those who had been passed. One of his com- rades called to him, " Ed, did you pass?" and on his reply in the affirmative an officer named Butler, every whit as brutal as Wirz, came to him and enquired what surgeon had passed him and Butler started towards tlie surgeon, the hopes of Mr. McGlachlin falling like lead, as he moved away, but they were ordered to fall in and were marched out of the stockade just in time to prevent his being remanded to further bondage. On his return to Wisconsin he resumed liis position in the Gommonivealth office, where he acquired a complete knowledge of all details connected with the profession and afterwards he occupied the position of local editor until 1869, when he became associated in the man- agement with Col. A. J. Watrous and T. B. Reid. A year later he sold his interest to his partners and went to Clinton, Iowa, to assume the duties of foreman of the Herald ; 18 months later he went to Oshkosh where he became foreman of the Northwestern and discharged the duties of the situation until August, 1873, when he became proprietary owner of the jour- nal which he is now conducting. In 1875 he sold a half interest to T. J. Simons, with whom he is still associated. The journal is a Repub- lican organ and is the leading paper of Portage county. The office is in complete condition as to fixtures and facilities and is well equipped for first-class job work. Mr. McGlachlin was married August 21, 1867, ■ to Mary F. Lawrence and they have three chil- dren named Edward Fenton, Lucy K., and Thomas L. The oldest son is a student in the United States Military Academy at West Point, where he is a member of the 1st class and ex- pects to graduate in June, 1889. William Law- rence, the father of Mrs. McGlachlin, was an old line Whig and an abolitionist and was an enlisted man in Company H, 10th Wisconsin Infantry. Her brother, James, enlisted in Com- pany E, 6th Wisconsin Infantry, and was wounded at the second battle of Bull Run. Os- car was in Company C, 29th Wisconsin Infan- try. Mr. McGlachlin has served on the Scliool Board at Stevens Point and in several official positions in the Post. His brotlier, Alexander, was a soldier in the 8th Wisconsin Infantry and Dighton was an enlisted man in an Iowa regiment. YER HURD RANDALL, of Apple- ton, Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 133, is a pioneer citizen of Out- agamie county. He was born Aug. 11, 1825, in Sandgate, Bennington Co., Ver- mont, and is the son of Levi and Anna (Hurd) Randall. The original ancestry on the father's side belonged to the number who settled at Say- brook in Connecticut,in 1635, whither the grand- father of Mr. Randall removed to Sandgate. On the maternal side his grandmother belonged to the old aristocracy of New England, wiio were slaveholders in Connecticut. Mr. Randall was brought up on a farm and was employed in a sawmill located on his father's place where, and when about 18 he was injured in the head and has never entirely recovered. He came West in 1845, going to Albany and Buffalo PERSONAL RECORDS. 507 and tlience on the lakes to Milwaukee, then in an undeveloped state. He lived in that county four year.s and engaged in farming. In June, 1849, he came to Appleton. arriving before the first framed building was completed. With his wife and several men he started from Milwaukee with a team and arrived at Fond du Lac, the rain falling in torrents on the way and his wife walking 20 miles of the distance, resting when the team was stuck in the mud. At Fond du Lac, they took a boat to cross Lake Winnebago and, on the first day tacked back and forth, only making seven miles. There were seven men and one woman and they went ashore and cooked their dinner. They reached Menasha and took an Indian canoe to cross Lake Buttes Des Mortes to Craft's Land- ing, two miles from Menasha, whence, with his wife, Mr. Randall walked to Appleton — four miles. He had 50 cents as capital wherewith to begin the world. They traced th«ir ways about Appleton all that summer by blazed trees. They had nothing to eat but pork and bread, varied with bread and pork. Mr. Randall ob- tained employ on the claims in the vicinity which the owners were clearing and, in tlie fall he made a claim on which he built a log cabin, which was his habitation six years. The first night in Appleton they slept in a log pen without a roof and had no covering. His claim included 60 acres and it has since been his property and is separated by 2nd Avenue from the city limits. The place is known as " The Pines." Mr. Randall has seen the growth of Appleton from a wooded tract to a city of thousands of inhabitants, and has been a fac- tor in its progress. He operated on his farm until July 11, 1861, when he enrolled as a mu- sician in the 6th Wisconsin Infantry at Apple- ton, for three years. He was discharged Sep- tember 27th following at Washington, on ac- count of vertigo, incident to the injury al- ready mentioned. October 1, 1864, he again enlisted in the 22nd Wisconsin Infantry, and was unassigned, being placed on detached duty at Madison, and served on provost guard, in which he was occupied until the close of the war, receiving his second discharge May 7, 1865. He was married Jan. 1, 1845, at Sandgate, Vermont, to Sarah Ann Prindle. Their daugh- ter is now Mrs. Viola Fox, and is a resident of Appleton. Her children are named George Ra,ndall and Eugene. Mrs. Randall is the daughter of Zenas Prindle and Hannah (Cogs- well) Prindle. The former was a native of Sand- gate. The Prindles were ])rorainent in the early history of the country and fought in the Revolution. The Ilurd family from which the present generation of Randalls descended be- longed to the Scotch-Irish, and in the other line are English. Mr. Randall has been con- nected with the municipal management of his township and is considered one of the substan- tial and reliable citizens of the county. He was accompanied to Appleton by a brother, Asa Bronson Randall, who was a chaplain of a reg- iment of colored troops, and lives in Clare- mont, Virginia, engaged in farming and rais- ing fruit. Rosvvell Kelley Randall, another brother, enlisted in the 2nd Wisconsin Cavalry, with which he served three years. He resides in Iowa and is a carpenter. (See sketch of Levi Lay Randall.) ■•^5«»^*^^S>^^««5een discharged. He joined his regiment at Berwick C'ity, and went thence on the Red River expedition. He was in the skirmishes previous to the heavy engagement at Sabine Cross Roads and afterwards was in frequent skirmishes until May, when the regiment joined the command of Colonel Bailey, who was con- structing the famous dam across the Red River. Mr. Piatt was in the battle at Simmsport and accompanied the regiment in the subsequent movements in Ix)uisiana, Mississippi and Ar- 508 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF kansas. The command went to New Orleans and thence to Mobile where they built roads across the swani}) and acted as guard for a supply train. After the surrender of Mo])ile, the '29th was the second regiment which entered the city where they performed provost duty until discharged. After he was transferred to the 14th, Mr. Piatt performed the same duty in the same place. He has since suffered from rheumatism which he contracted in the service. Mr. Piatt was married Oct. 9, 1862, to Mary Fletcher of Ohio, who died Jan. 6, 1881, at Colby, Wis. He was again married in Febru- ary, 1884, to Julia Rhodes of Wythee, Clark Co. When he came to Wisconsin, his first residence was at Oak Grove in Dodge county, and he was employed there as a woodsman until 1870, when he removed to Clark county. He has been a resident of Marshfield since 1887. -s'*^^^t^^^^>^ OHN BERCH, resident at Winneconne, Wis., and a former soldier of the civil war, was born Jan. 11, 1837, in Ger- many. He is the son of John and Elizabeth (Engert) Berch and his parents re- moved from their native country to the New York World when he was 14 years old. He is an unmarried man and has passed all his life with his father and mother who are both living on their fine farm. Mr. Berch has one brother named Nicholas, who was an enlisted man in the 24th Wisconsin Infantry. Mr. Berch enlisted May 18, 1861, at Oslikosii in a company which was being recruited for three months service and, when the order was issued from the War Department to muster no more three mouths men, he re-enrolled June 11th in the three years service in Companj' E, 2ud Wisconsin Infantiy for three years or during the war. He was mustered out with the non- veterans of his regiment at the expiration of his period of service, and was discharged in October, 1864, at Philadelphia under the provi- sions of an order from the War Department re- lating to incurable cases. Mr. Berch was in rendezvous with his regiment and went to the front where the command was assigned to the Army of Virginia and passed about a month in moving from place to place and in the per- formance of camp duty until the commence- ment of active hostilities. He was in the skir- mish at Blackburn's Ford thi'ee days previous to the battle of Bull Run and was in tlie light and rout of the first Virginia battle field. In September, the organization of the Iron Brigade was completed and the services of that organi- zation for two years forms the history of Mr. Berch. During the winter following Bull Run, he was in quarters near Arlington and was in the vain marcii to Manassas in the spring. He fought in the skirmish at Beverly Ford in July and went next to Sulphur Springs where he was in a skirmish and soon after was in one of the bloodiest battles of the war which was fought by his brigade alone at Gainesville. He was in all the movements connected with the second battle at Bull Run, fought at South Mountain, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Fitz- hugh's Crossing, and Chancellorsville and af- terwards marched nearly 200 miles to the bat- tle field of Gettj'sburg. He had hitherto escaped injury and on the first daj' of the fight, his command moved to position on the double- quick, loading as they ran. In the first fire of the rebels Mr.~ Berch was severely wounded and his name leads the list of privates from his company reported from that day's fight. Mr. Berch had fired seven shots to his own satisfac- tion, when he received a bullet which passed through his left lung and out of his body near his spine. He was carried to a house in the vicinity where he lay four days bleeding and unattended. He was then carried to the town where he remained three days and was then conveyed to Summit House hospital at Phila- delphia, where he was mustered out 15 months later. The wound he received has never healed and has since remained open and dis- charges, and he is frequently called to experi- ence violent hemorrhages. He owes his life to his splendid constitution and his powerful will without which he would have died on the field of battle. Mr. Berch returned to the home of his parents and has since been a resident of Winneconne. Mr. Berch belongs to the class which forms a large proportion of the nationality of America who honor their citizensliip in every phase of tlieir cai'eors. He has been called to suffer more than even most of soldiers and has borne the trials of an incurable wound for 25 years with the patience and fortitude of a man made of the material which characterizes true heroes. PERSONAL RECORDS. 500 York. His character and resignation have won for him the permanent respect and esteem of the com- munity to whicli he belongs and he has tlie earnest s^yrapathy of all who know him. He is a Republican in politics and rejoices in tiie re- sumption of the reins of government by the party in whose_ interests he fought. OLUMBUS CALDWELL, Waupaca, Wis., belonging to G; A. R. Post No. 21, was born September 25, 1830, in Charlotte, Chautauqua -Co., New He came to Wisconsin with his parents, Tyler and Mary (Warner) Caldwell in the spring of 1836, and they located in Kenosha county. \ little later his father removed to the western part of Racine county, where he was a promi- nent farmer and the local postofhce at Caldwell's Prairie received its name from him. When he was 19 years old, Mr. Caldwell removed to Waupaca and in 1852, he crossed the plains to California where he remained until 1859, and returned to Waupaca. He was interested in the course of the civil war and determined soon after it commenced to unite his fortunes with those of his country and he enlisted December 6, 1861, at Waupaca in Company M, 1st Wis- consin Cavalry for three years. On the forma- tion of his company Mr. Caldwell was made Ser- geant and he pas.sed the various grades of non- commissioned othces and was made 2iid Lieu- tenant Nov. 20, 1862. In December, 1862, he was appointed acting regimental Quartermaster and Commissary, which was tiie hardest part of his whole service. He was afterwards promoted to 1st Lieutenant and Captain, but did not mus- ter under the last as his commission did not reach the regiment until the day following that on which he was made prisoner of war. Up to the date of his capture he had acted most of the time in command of his company and in one instance was at the head of a detachment including details from several companies. He was in the actions at Cape Girardeau, three in number, and in the scouting and skirmishing in Missouri and Arkansas, and he was in the action at Chalk Bluff in the early days of his service and his roster includes several expedi- tions of guerrilla warfare, in that locality, until the regiment was attached to the Arms' of the Cumberland and was afterwards in much of the same service. The scouting, skirmishing and raiding after crossing the Cumberland River was of very active character and Lieutenant Caldwell was in the movement which resulted in the capture of Shelbyville and afterwards chased Bragg and fought at Chickaraauga Creek, going on the next day to fight in the battle of Chickamauga. He was at Chattanooga during the stay there and fought Wheeler's cavalry at Anderson's Gap, about the 1st of Oc- tober. Later he was in the pursuit of the rebel cavalry and was in the actions at Maysville, Strawberry Plains and Mossy Creek. He was sick and sent tohospitalat Nashville, and joined his regiment afterwards. In one of the scout- ing expeditions in the vicinity of Cleveland he was captured April 13, 1861. He was in com- mand of a detachment of 25 men, 19 of whom were taken prisoners by three brigades of cav- alry under VN'heeler, and only three survived Andersonville. They were 12 miles in advance of the Union lines and had not the slighest chance against such a force. Lieutenant Cald- well and his squad had just relieved 150 men of the regiment under Col. Brownlow, son of Parson Brownlow, and General Wheeler after- wards told him that he had received informa- tion that Brownlow's regiment was stationed at that place and he came thither with three brigades to capture the command of the fiery Tennessee parson. Lieutenant Caldwell rode five miles by the side of Wheeler, who asked many questions. At the first point of en- camj>njent, Wheeler and liis three brigades started for Tunnel Hill, leaving a detail of 25 men to conduct the men to Dalton. Soon after, Wheeler's adjutant rode back and demanded the surrender of Lieutenant Caldwell's rubber coat and enforced the order at the muzzle of a revolver. Caldwell was obliged to surrender the article, but assured tiie rebel that he would remember him. He was a prisoner nearly 11 months and was confined one night at Ander- sonville and went thence to Macon, where he passed four weeks in jail and went thence to the stockade prison at that place whence he was re- moved in July, to Savannah. He went next to Charleston where the federal officers were taken and placed immediately under the fire of the batteries which were shelling Charleston at in- tervals. (See sketch of N. M. Edwards.) Lieu- tenant Caldwell was in Charleston three weeks and went afterwards successively to Columbia, 510 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF Charlotte, Raleigh and Goldsboro and was ex- changed March 1, 1865. He received a fur- longh and returned to Wisconsin and he was mustered out, May 15th following at Camp Chase, Ohio. Lieutenant Caldwell has been a resident in Waupaca county since the war. In 1867, lie was elected Register of Deeds and in 1872 and 1873, was elected member of the Legislature of Wisconsin and served in the sessions ot 1873-4, and was a member of the Assembly at the tine of the passage of the Potter Railroad Bill. In 1882, he assumed charge of the Waupaca county poorhouse and farm which he managed until 1887, and on the 1st day of December of that year he was made Superintendent of the Wis- consin ^"eteran's Home at Waupaca and he is still (1888), the incumbent of that position. He was married just before he enlisted Nov. 21, 1861, to Mary L. Taggarl who died in Jan- uary, 1866, leaving two daughters. Their names are Minnie L. and Ida S. Mr. Caldwell was married May 11, 1868, to Ida .J. Taggart, sister of his first wife and their three sons and two daugiiters are named Geo. T., Warner ¥., Otis L., Beatrice and Eunice; these are at home. Minnie L. teaches in Appletou and Ida S. is a telegraph operator at Chicago. ■>-;»t^ "-^3^^. «^5*f-f<^5. He joined his regiment in Tennessee and among the first actions in which be participated was Wheeler's movement against Burnside with the command of Long.street at Knoxville, where he was one of 100 who made a charge on Wheeler's cavalry. After the battle of Kno.xville, he was engaged in skirmish and picket duty and _ ^ m raiding and foraging and in other varieties of cavalry service until the battle of Strawberry Plains. At that battle, which took place Jan. 10, 1SG4, he was wounded by a minie ball which struck him in the left shoulder and still remains as a reminder of the reljels. He was taken to the field hospital where he remained two or three months and as soon as able he as- sisted in hospital duty and after 60 days fur- lough rejoined his command and performed cavalry service, being frequently detailed to do blacksmithing which was his trade. After he was discharged, he went to Grand Rapids, Mich., and afterwards to Vermont, whence he returned to Michigan and thence to Omro, Wis. In 187G he removed to Shawano, where he has since been engaged at his trade. He was married to Mary L. Lewis of Grand Rapids, April 1, 1867, and they have six children living. Hattie May married Samuel Howard of Shawano. (Jlarissa A. married William Riley of Shawano. Francis N. is a farmer in Dakota. Russel, Andrew G., and Flora live at home. William H., the oldest son, died in 1879. Mr. Smith is a Demo- crat in jiolitics and is a citizen of good repute. ..-JS*;^ .-;5W^ <^*«J- i^«i£^ OSEPH SUSOR, of Wausau, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 55, Ly- sander Cutler, at the same place, was born Aug. 6, 1840, at Monroe, Mich, parents, Lewis and Agnes Su,sor, were of American birth and natives of the same State in which their son was born. The latter pa.ssed the years of youth in the city of his nativity, and there he was educated in the avenues which trained his perceptions in the line of pa- triotic duty. He was thoroughly aroused by the events of April 12tli, ISUl, and wiieii the fall of Fort Sumter was announced he obeyed the summons that followed the ne.Kt day. April 15, 1861, he enlisted in Company A, 4th Michigan Volunteer Infantry, at Monroe, and was in active service until he received a disabling wound, in June, 1862. lie was in the hospital until his discharge, April 14, 1863, enrolled in defense of the His regiment was in the Bull Run, at Yorktown, New Bridge, Fair (^aks. White two years after ne stars and stripes. action at the battle of White House Point, iNew Driuge, Culpepjier Court House, Gaines' Mill, Oak Swamp, Malvern Hill, Second Bull Run and Antietam. Tiie roster of the battles given, marks the period and character of the service througli which he passed. A soldier who en- listed in the first days of the war and endured the uncertainty of the first Bull Run, the movements down the Potomac and survived the horrors of the swamps of the Chickahom- iny, participating in half a dozen or more of the active engagements within that mepliitic region has a record that recjuires no comment from the historian's pen. After he was wounded, Mr. Susor was sent to the hospital at Crany Island and rejoined his regiment in time for the action at the Second Bull Run. After the fight at Antietam, he suc- cumbed to disease and he was discharged with 514 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF honor at Stouemaii's Switch, Va., April 14, 1863. After the war, Mr. Susor returned home for a short time and then removed to Wood Co., Ohio. Soon after lie returned to Monroe, whence lie went to Wyandotte, Mich. Six year.s la- ter lie went to Prince yVrthur's Landing on Lake Superior, where he was interested two years. He went back in 1878 to Monroe and a year later went to Marquette, Mich., where he remained four years in the iron mines at Re- pulilic. He came to Wisconsin in 1883, and loc'ated at Commonwealth, Florence county. He operated in the same manner there as at the mines in Marquette count}', wliere he managed a diamond drill. In 1886 he was employed by the State government of Nebraska to drill for salt at Lincoln. He made a drilled well 2,000 feet deep, in the exploration for salt at that place. April 14, 1887, he returned to Commonwealth and continued to reside there until June of the same year when he removed to Wausau. He was married Oct.l7,18G4, to Miss .Jane GafF- ney, and they have six children living named Sarah Jane, Bridget Annie, Elizabeth Agnes, Louis Michael, Katie Melissa, Albert Charles. Joseph Alexander died at the age of eleven months ; Mary Frances died at the age of six years and eight months. AMES O'CONNELL, of Marinette, Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 207, was born Nov. 8, 1845, in Limerick, Ireland. His parents, Dennis and Mary (Ryan) O'Connell were natives of the land of Erin and belonged to the agricultural class. The latter is still living at Marinette. When the son was three years old they came to America, landing at the port of Boston and locating at Chicopee, Mass., where their home was located from 1848 to 1852, in which year they came to Dodge coun- ty, Wisconsin, and the children were reared on a farm and received a common school educa- cation. He was only 16 when the civil war commenced and, belonging to an enthusiastic and warm-hearted people with a natural pro- clivity to aid an aggrieved party, he was determ- ined to throw what strength and understand- ing he had into this business, whose monstros- ity he clearly comprehended. He enli.sted by stealth in November, 1861, in the 17th Wiscon- sin Infantry, Company D, at Watertown, run- ning away to accomplish his purpose. But he received a decisive visit from the ruler of his destiny in the shape of his father and decided that it was wholesome to return to his home. But he did not ciiange his purpose and after five days escaped and returned to Camp Ran- dal, to be again sought and found by his par- ent. He remained at home until November, 1864, and on the 1 1th day of that month en- rolled in the 1st Wisconsin Cavalry as a recruit in Company B. He made connec- tion with the command at Louisville, Ky., and was assigned to the 2nd Brigade, 1st Divi- sion of Wilson's Cavalry, Army of the Cumber- land, the entire brigade receiving fresh equip- ments. The brigade comprised the 1st Wis- consin, 2nd and 4tli Indiana and 7th Kentucky regiments commanded b}' the old colonel of the first — 0. H. La Grange, one of the best and most popular officers of the war. Louisville was left December 4th and the rebel Lyon was encountered at Hoskinsville, Ky., and the com- mand was on the move contiuaally until the 29tii when the brigade arrived at Nashville. Thence a start was made for the Tennessee River and the regiment remained in winter quarters at Waterloo, Ciiickasaw and Eastport until March 22nd, wlien they set forth for Mo- bile, and soon after taking up the line of march, the order was countermanded. They went to take Selma which they captured, and went thence to Montgomery. Five miles from tiie city the surrender was made by the city officials. A charge was made on the forces of General Buford and his command was either dispersed or captured. From there the regi- ment went to West Point, Ga., and, on April 16th, were engaged in an action which lasted all the afternoon. Fort Taylor was reduced and the rebel commander. General Tyler, was killed. On the 18lh, the regiment crossed the Chattahoochie river, destroyed the bridges and left four locomotives in the river. From there they went to LaGrange and thence to Griffin, a days' march southeast of Atlanta. At that place. General McCook, commanding the division, called for 80 volunteers to follow the line of tlie Macon railwaj-, Mr. O'Connell being one ; they destroyed tracks, telegraph lines and did all the mischief that suggested itself. They proceeded to Forsyth, the county seat of the county of the same name, halted there and PERSONAL RECORDS. 515 were placed under orders to saddle at a mo- ment's notice. They loosened girths, took out bridles and, within 15 minutes, heard a loco- motive whistle and formed a line to receive the incoming train, literally coven^d with the emblem of surrender — the white flag, iuiving on board Howell (!obb, who came out to meet them. Twelve men were detailed to conduct the abominable rebel to the custody of General Wilson. At nine the next morning the connnand started to meet their general and outside of the city heard tiie bugler on the commander's personal staff, calling to water. The detachment joined the command and went into Macon April 19th, remaining there until May 24, 1865. They turned their mount over to a regiment that was to remain tliere and mounted on mules, returned b)' way of Atlanta, Resaca, Memphis, Chattanooga and other places to Nashville. . They camped at Edgefield across the river and July 19th, 1865, were mustered out, received discharge on the '23rd and started for home. In 1869, Mr. O'Connell went to Kansas to en- gage as a foreman of a section on the St. .Joe tt Denver City road. He operated in all the branches of practical railroad construction and remained through the years 187U-1-2. In the fall of the latter year he went to Marinette, where he was occupied two years as track fore- man between that place and Escanaba, and in June, 1874, went to work for the Whitbeck Company, remaining ni their employ 13 years. In March, 1887, he took the position of under Sheritf to which he lunl been appointed in Jan- uary. On the 12th of April he received the election of City Marshal and holds both offices and is, cx-offido, Chief of Police of the city. He was married May 7, 1881, to Margaret T. Cox and their surviving children are James Matthew and David Joseph. A daughter, Mary Ellen, died at the age of five weeks. The younger brother of Mr. O'Connell, Charles, served in the 43rd Wisconsin Infantry. (See sketch.) Mrs. O'Connell's brother, John Cox, was a soldier in the civil war. (See sketch.) "OSEPH CHARLES BRAHIER, mem- ber of I. Ramsdell Post, No. 79, at Mar- ion, Wis., of which place he is a citizen, was born Jan. 10, 1834, in Autsaune, France. He came to America when he was 20 years of age, in 1854, and after a residence of short duration in the city of New York he went successively to Newark, N. J., Fort Wayne, Ind., Chicago, Detroit and Portage Lake, Mich., where he lived at the date of tlie rebellious action of the authorities of South Carolina in Charleston iiarbor. He decided to enlist in defense of the country he had adopted as his own and which he already loved with the true devotion of her own sons, and enlisted Aug. 15, 1S02, as a private in B Company, 27th Michigan Infantry, at Portage Lake. He received honor- able discharge May 1, 1865, at Camp Nelson, Ky., on account of disabilities from wounds, and other infirnrities acquired in the army. A considerable portion of the time he passed in military life, he was on detail in the construc- tion of forts and also acted as wagon master, meanwhile discharging the duties of 2nd Lieu- tenant of his company. Later lie was dbtailed to carry the mail from Cumberland Gap to Kno.Kville, Tenn. Among tiie hard fought battles, in which he was a participant, were Shiloh, \'icksburg and the battles of the Wilder- ness. He was wounded in July, 1863, and was removed to the hospital at Cincin- nati, Ohio. While his regiment was at Jack- son, Miss., he received injuries to his eyes which have proved incurable. One day, in the spring of 1863, while on detailed duty, carrying water for the sick, he slipped on an icy road and in- jured one of his knees. From this he is also permanently a sufferer. Mr. Brahier was married Sept. 28, 1865, in Antwerp, Ohio, to Miss Sallie B. Shoop and they have five sons and five daughters. One boy and one girl are deceased. In 1879 Mr. Brahier located at Marion, Wau- paca Co., Wis., where he lias since resided and lias enjoyed the respect and confidence of the community of which he is a member. /^^^ DWIN HART, of Oconto, Wis., was r'' Y born May 5, 1807, in Norwich, Con- ^^^^ necticut. He grew up there to the age of 16 years, a lad without I'e- sources save his energies, and his understand- ing that his future depended on himself and with a New England con.science in his bosom. He received the barest common school educa- tion, and removed in 1824 to Brownhelm, Ohio, 516 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF and worked on a farm. His parents died in August, 1824, and in the montli of January following, he gathered his small possessions, tied them up in a handkerchief and started for (Cleveland. He traveled a distance of 36 miles and arrived there the same night. He made arrangements witii a builder, Pliilo Scoville, to become an apprentice, and remained in that connection until 1829. In the spring of that year he went to Mackinaw for the purpose of building a light-house and dwelling for the U. S. Government on Bois Blanc Island, and Sept. 2nd returned to Mackinaw and built a church for the benefit of the Chippewa Indians. His next employ was in the garrison in the Govern- ment interests and in November he returned to Cleveland. In the spring of 1830 lie went to Green Bay, Wis., on a schooner, where he ar- rived April 17th and built the first Catholic Church at Shantytown. In the fall he went to Navarino (Green Bay) and took a contract to erect a wareliouse. AVhen it was partially built the earth settled and the walls fell. Mr. Hart was standing on a staj' lath on the top and, as he fell, struck against a timlier which tore the fie.sh from the breast bone, cut his chin, broke his jaw and knocked out several teeth. The plank tipped and tilted him into the air and in his descent he jtas.sed from al>ove the building to tln' cellar, and was taken out for dead. A friend removed a blood clot from his mouth and he recovered breath but not consciousness. In a few weeks he was sufliciently recovered to work. About a dozen workmen were in- jured at the same time and five were taken to the house of the fatJier of the present wife of Mr. Hart, himself among them. April 19,1832, he was marr'ed at Green Bay to Eliza Jane Glass. In 1833 he assumed charge of the re- building of Fort Howard, originally con- structed of logs and hewn timbers, which he rei)laced with a frame structure. At that date, the 5th Regiment U. S. A. was stationed there, General Brooks commanding. He spent three years in the fortifications and cut a road from Green Bay to Manitowoc. He was afterwards engaged in the business of a builder until 1851, at Green Bay, and then engaged in the vocation of a lumberman. He was associ- ated in that interest with Richard Huckerbone. At the time named they sold out and bought a mill-site at Oconto Falls, which they managed two years. During this period he removed his family to the place where they still reside. He sold his interests in the mill to his partner and transferred all his transactions to Oconto. He erected and established the first general store at Oconto, and in his bouse, the first Sunday School was convened, and through the efforts of Mr. Hart the first sermon was preached in the place. In 1855 he took the census of the county and found there were 1,500 whites therein. In 1858 he was instrumental in secur- ing the running of a steamboat " The Pioneer " from Green Bay. Her successor was the "Mor- gan L. Martin," which ran one season and was succeded by the "Fann)^ Fiske." About the same time John B. Jacobs, of Marinette, bought the "Queen City" and placed her on the route, which was extended to Menominee, Mich., in 1860. Mr. Hart built the "May Queen" and run her one season, removing her after that rebilding and enlarging her, after which she was called "The Northwest." The advent of the railroad (C. & N. W.) spoiled the steamboat business and Mr. Hart engaged in real estate interests. He was at one time the owner of the bulk of real estate of the East Ward of the city. When the family removed hither from Green Bay, they came on a schooner-rigged scow, on which was loaded all their household effects and also pigs, horses and a cow and chickens. They encountered all the peculiar features of pioneer life, having to eat from an improvised table, and tea and potatoes were boiled alternately in the teakettle. Tiiej' had no dishes and all drank from the same dipper. The household included eiglit children and a servant gii'l. Mr. Hart cut the meat wilii his pocket knife. (Their dishes bad not arrived on Saturday night and they would not break the Sabbath b}' sending for them.) The ser- vant wept continually for several days from homesickness and, when she was gone, Mrs. Hart supplied her place, tears and all. Just a week alter locating thej' established a school. But the staple of Wisconsin was there before them — a saloon. Mr. Hart has been identified with the settle- ment and jtrogress of Oconto and has officiated in most of the municipal positions. He was Justice at Green Bay and, during the war for the Union, he was at the head of affairs gen- erally I'elating to the raising of troops under the various calls. He was Justice at that time at Oconto and served in that capacity from 1856 to 1883. In the winter of 1858 he was PERSONAL RECORDS. 517 instrumental in the establishment of a bank at Oconto, procured the drawing of a document to present to the Comptroller at Madison, petition- ing lor a charter for a bank with a capital of |5U,000. He operated until he secured the necessary subscriptions and completed the busi- ness of the establishment of the "Bank of Oconto." He was made President and J. F. Wood worth, cashier. Arrangements were pres- sed for the printing and signing of the bills, and a little more than a month elapsed from the inception of the project before they were in circulation. xVt the end of five years, the stockholders withdrew their stock and it was discontinued. Mr. Hart is the son of Judah and Abigail (Belden) Hart. The former, with four lirothers, came to this country from England and settled in Jefferson county, Connecticut. The mar- riage of the parents took place at Saybrook and soon after they located at Norwich. There the father carried on bis business as a watch-maker and silversmith. The father of Mrs. Hart, Bildad Belden, was a ship builder. William Hart, the oidy brother of Mr. Hart, lives in Bradford, Pa. The eight children before re- ferred to comprised the whole number. George E. lives in California; ("lilford B. lives at Green Bay ; William H. is a resident at the same place and is the owner of the well known Hart steamboat line in business on Lake Michigan and others in the chain of great lakes. The sketch of Cyrus S. appears in another place. Levi W. was killed in the Ashtabula disaster. He was a soldier for the Union in the civil war and enlisted at Chicago, 111., in ISOI, with a number of young friends in the organization known as Taylor's Battery. On the formation of his company he was made "2nd Lieutenant and was promoted to Lst Lieutenant afterwards, and later to Captain. He was transferred to "Silverspear" Battery. He was in 12 of tlie hardest fought actions of the war, begiiuiing with Fort Henry, and at Vicksburg he was in command of a battery of siege guns and was promoted for effective service and bravery. Franklin died at Oconto. Mary A. is the wife of S. A. Coleman, of Cleveland, Ohio, and Eliza .Jane married B. .J. Brown, of Menominee, Mich. In 1885 the home of Mr. and Mrs. Hart was destroyed by fire and most of its contents. No help could be obtained as the neighbors were in the woods. He and his wife are aged re- spectively 81 and 72 years. They preserve all the freshness of api)earance and spirit of per- sons of le.ss years and are enjoying the reminis- censes of lives of well-directed and earnest efforts. OBERT L. BAILEY, a citizen of Plover, Wis., was born Oct. 20, ISOd, in Tiverton, Newport Co., Rhode Island. His parents, Howard and Eliza Bailey, went to the State of New York when he was in extreme youth, and he was brought up on his father's farm in Seneca county, remaining in that vicinity until the period of the war. He was in the prime of manhood when he enlisted October, 1, 1861, at Seneca Falls in Company G, 8th New York Cavalry for three years. When McClellan ar- ranged his plan o f operation to be put into elf'ect in the early spring of 18G2, the 8th New York Cavalry was assigned to the 5th Corps under Banks to operate in the Valley of the Shenandoah and Mr. Bailey was in the actions in that locality in the operations against •Jackson. He was in the retreat from the val- ley, participating in the lieav}' skirmishing dur- ing its progress and fought in the battle of Cedar Mountain, after which he was in the command of McClellan in defense of Wasliington and went thence in the brigade of General Pleasan- ton to fight at Antietam, after South Mountain and Sharpsburg, He was in the battle of Fred- ericksburg and fought in 1863 at Gettysburg. He was in the action at Brandy Station August 1, 1862, wliere he was wounded. He was taken prisoner at Warrentun Junction Jan. 1, 1863, and sent to Libby Prison at Richmond and was paroled after 12 days and sent to Annapolis, where he was exchanged May 12, 1863, in time for the operations in the Army of the Potomac previous to the invasion of Lee, after Chancel- lorsville. The roster of his battles includes 64 names of greater or less importance and he re- ceived honorable discharge in January, 1864, at Rochester, New York, his term of service having expired. He returned to the home- stead in Seneca county where his parents died at advanced age. He remained in his native State engaged in farming two years and re- moved with his wife in 1876 to Wisconsin and 518 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF purchased a farm in the vicinity of Plover on wliich he has since resided. Jrle was married Feb. 5, 1867, to Sarah Mc- Gowan and they have three children. Eddie was born August 20, 1868; Jennie is 17 and Eva is 12 years of age. (1888). Mr. Bailey is a prominent member of Plover Post and a citi- zen who sustains in liis private career the char- acter and principles which led him to the de- fense of his country. Pie is faithfully remem- liered at the rate of eight dollars a montli from the government whioli lie served. •.-^»^-^>!^^^ <=«?^<5«f- YRUS S. HART, of the "Rei>orter Pub- lishing Company" at Oconto, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 74, was born Aug. 31, 1844, at Green Bay. Mr. Hart is to "the manor born" and may be considered essentially a factor in the growth and substantial progress of the section of the Badger State where he is connected witli business interests and the general welfare of the community. He is the son of Edwin Hart, of whom a full account is presented on another page. He was reared amid pioneer influence and early adopted the principles of his father in relation to adding all in his power to the advancement of the place of which he has been a resident since its earliest days. He was sent to school at Cleve- land and entered the office of the "Pioneer" at Oconto to prepare for the life of a publisher. He afterwards became the owner of the journal by purchase which he continued about three years. He sold the business at that date and engaged in the steamboat business in connec- tion with his brothers. In 1S73 he bought the "Reporter" at Oconto. It was worth hardly a thousand dollars at tliat time in toto and he ad- vanced its value until it now, in its several re- lations, represents $20,000. He managed it for nine years, when he disposed of his interest and was released from its affairs four and a half years, when he became owner again by repur- chase in 1885. It had been, meanwhile, con- verted into a stock company and he bought a half interest. At the first time he owned it, he employed two men and at present (1888) he has 13 assistants. The establishment in every item is one of the finest and foremost in the North- west. He has several salesmen on the road and is transacting a heavy business. He was married in 1871 to Kittie E. Snover, of Oconto. Their daugliter, Mabel E., was born in 1880. ■►^•tSo -^tS»ji^^'^*i^'^i*£-* ^^ AMUEL W. STOWE, a prominent citi- " zen of Oxford, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Po.st No. 143, was born November 14, 1836, in Grafton, Worcester Co., Massachusetts, and he is the son of Sumner and Nancy (Fay) Stowe. Wiien he was 14 years old his parents removed to the Stale of New York and Mr. Stowe located at Oxford ni 1860, of which place he has since been a resident. His grandfather Stowe was a soldier in 1812, and was a Lieutenant ; his ma- ternal grandfather was a soldier in the war of the Revolution. The active life of Mr. Stowe until 1886 was passed in farming and in that year he began operations as a hotel keeper at Oxford. He enlisted May 7, 1861, at Kilbourn City, in Company D, 4th Wisconsin Infantry for tliree years. He was promoted to Corporal in 1863, and was ' discharged Feb. 9, 1865, his tprm of service having expired. The regiment was in rendezvous at Racine and, before reach- ing Baltimore where it was ordered, it com- menced its historical record. At Corning the colonel, H. E. Paine, was obliged to provide for the transportation of the command, and took possession of a locomotive whicli was run to Elmira by an engineer from the regiment whose sketch is on another page of this work. At Harrisburg, the command was equipped as it was apprehended they might be called into immediate service, the disaster at Bull Run, having occurred. Mr. Stowe was engaged in guard duty near Baltimore vuitil November, when he was in an expedition in Virginia and in February joined the cummand of Butler to go to Ship Island. The transport run the gauntlet of fire at Sewell's Point and suffered all the horrors of the passage on the transport from confinement. He was on Ship Island until April, when he embarked on the Great Republic and afterwards went to the city of New Orleans. He was next engaged in the de- struction of railroads and took possession of PERSONAL RECORDS. 519 Baton Rouge with the command not long af- ter, and a week later started for Vicksburg. He was in a skirmish at Warrenton and on the re- turn was in the attack on Grand Gulf. He was in another expedition to Vicksburg and assist- ed in the destruction of Grand Gulf and was also employed in digging the canal. He re- turned again to Baton Rouge wiiere he was in a tight and went next to Carroilton and was in a guerilla tight at Bonne Carre Point. He was in tlie movement to Plaquemine, in a recon- noissance afterwards and went next to the attack on Port Hudson. He was in tiie Teche expedition, including the battle of Bisiand, af- ter which the regiment was mounted and fol- lowed the rebels. He again went to Port Hud- son where he was in battle, after which the command was reorganized as the 4th Wiscon- sin Cavalry. After the reorganization as cav- alry, Mr. Stowe was on scout and picket duty until .January, 1864. Tlie closing activities of Mr. Stowe's life in tlie war were in immediate connection with the command of Lieutenant Earl, who was in charge of the special scouts of whom Mr. Stowe was one. January 10, 1864, a scouting expedition left the camp and after riding all night and swimming a river near which a party of rebels were known to be, they met a negro who advised them not to proceed, as the rebels were there in large numbers but they pressed forward and soon came upon tlieir videttes. One of them fired, which alarmed the horse Mr. Stowe rode and he ran forward and Mr. Stowe overtook and captured tliree rebels. Soon after, three other rebels appeared in the road in front and both parties tried their best to shoot each other but their guns were damp from a rain in the night and Mr. Stowe tried to club them ; two of them started to run ; one of them stood his ground until Mr. Stowe came up to him and took away his gun and, while fastening it to his saddle tlie rebel started over the hill witli Mr. Stowe after him. He found himself surrounded and ran back al>out three miles when the command was overtaken by a large force of rebel cavalry and Lieuten- ant Earl gave the order to his men to cut their way out ; 15 of the command, with tlie Lieu- tenant, were captured and taken to the camp of Wirt Adams, commander of the rebel cavalry. Mr. Stowe was searched and robbed of his blanket, rubber overcoat, hat, watch and $52.50 in good currency and they also took from him the picture of his " best girl." The prisoners were taken about three-quarters of a mile to the " Olive Branch," where they were made to wade the stream instead of crossing the bridge, the water being up to the middle of their liodies, after which they were taken to Clinton, La., and confined in a shed where they were nearly frozen. They were hastened forward to Cahawba, Ala., whence they were sent to the stockade prison at Andersonville and finally to Florence to another stockade prison where Mr. Stowe was paroled December 10, 1864, and was sent home and discharged as stated. A full ac- count of the sufferings incident to all phases of prison experience in the South, may be found in the sketches of J. H. Jenkins and C. C. Mitchell and on many other pages of this work. Mr. Stowe was fir.st married to Mary E. Gar- net from New York. Their children are Flor- ence, Etta, Harriet B., and Alice. His second marriage to Georgiette Garvey occurred July 11, 1874, and their children are named Maud and Sylvia. Albert is decea.sed. Mr. Stowe is a Republican of decided stamp ; he has served on the Town Board and as Treasurer. »^:»ti> -^^i^^^^s^^^q*?- ATHAN MCCASLIN, of New Lon- don, Wis., was born Sept. 25, 1833, at Rockport, Genesee Co., New York. He enlisted Aug. 25, 1862, in Com- pany G., 1st Regiment U. S. Sharpshooters at Madison, for three years. He received honor- able discharge Sept. 5, 1864, at Lincoln hos- pital, Washington, D. C. The roster of his battles includes Jones Bridge, Sulphur Springs, and Manassas Gap, Fredericksburg, Antietam, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Wilderness, Spott- sylvania, North Anna, Cold Harlior, Petersburg and numberless skirmishes in which lie was equally exposed to the chances of war. He went from Madison on the day of his enlist- ment and arrived at Washington, whence he went to Alexandria where Ellsworth was shot and was first in action at Jones Bridge and was in the skirmishes that preceded the fight at Fredericksburg. A full account of the work accomplished by sharpshooters, cavalrymen and artillerymen cannot be given because of its nature and, save through pensonal remini- 520 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF scences, much of the most valuable Jiistory of the war must be lost. The sharpshooters were always in the posts of danger and always relied on tliemsclves for protection, as their service was, so to speak, indej)Ciident and detached. In one of the skirmishes in which Mr. McCasliii was engaged wlule pursuing Lee from Mary- land to Pennsylvania, he was lying down to aim, when the bullet of a rebel sharpshooter shivered his gunstock and destroyed the barrel in order that it might be of no service to the rebels. After the first day's hght iu the Wil- derness, the rebels and "Yanks" umused them- selves by shooting ramrods back and forth to hear the peculiar sound they made. This was a sample of the spirit of fraternity between the common soldiers in both armies. After the actions in the Wilderness, the Union soldiers were not permitted for 18 days to make a fire. At Sulphur Springs Mr. McCaslin observed a comrade trying in vain to fire his rifle and went to his assistance, receiving a caution as to the tree behind which he shielded himself, as it was the mark for the rebel sharpshooters and as the caution was given a bullet whistled through the whiskers of Mr. McCaslin. He re- turned another bullet politely and as no other leaden message came back, he concluded the one he sent was decisive. After that, the}' skirmished all the way to Petersburg, wdiere he was in constant action in the rifle pits until June 18, 1864, when he determined to have some coffee. He left his pit and went a little distance where he could obtain the twigs of trees for a fire which he built and made a pail of coffee. He started back, walking upright and answering to a comrade who remonstrated that the " bullet to shoot him was not made," when a rifle ball struck his right side, cut his vest through and cut the "8" hom tlie dial of his watch. (The watch is still in his posses- sion.) At tlie same time a bullet struck his left elbow and shattered it to fragments. He was taken to the field hospital, where his arm was amputated and he was transferred to Lincoln Hospital at Washington and, three months later, I'eceived his tiischarge. He returned to his home in Albany, Green Co., Wis., and was occupied there in farming until 1874, when he removed to a farm in Green county, on which he resided until 1884, when he located at New London. He married Cordelia Gilbert and she died in October, 1865, leaving three sons and three daughters — Frank, George, Leon, Lillie, Flor- ence and Rhoda. Mr. McCaslin married Mary O'Conners in -lanuary, 1866, and they have one son and two daughter.s — -Cora, Rhoda and Ste- phen. «^W^«^i<^ -J»t>«-J>t>, /a\ NDREW J. BROWER, of Kaukauna, /M\^ Wis., was born Feb. 17, 1842, in Broadalbin, Fulton Co., New York. He was reared to manhood in his native State and educated in the common schools. His first important step was to enroll as a soldier for the Union when he was three years under his majority. He enlisted in bctoljer, 1861, at Troy, New Y^ork, in the 7th Northern New York Cavalry, in F Company. The regiment was an independent organization and at that time the cavalry was in a wholly disorganized condition, the influence of General Scott, who repudiated that In'anch of the mili-" tary, still governing to a certain extent the action of the War Department. The 7th New York proceeded to Washington and remained through tlie winter without assignment, engaged in drill and preparation for active service when good fortune should favor them. In April, 1862, they were discharged at the Capital of the United. States, it being decided that the assigned cavalry was adequate to the emergency. Mr. Brower returned to his home in Fulton county and remained in his accustomed em- ployment until the autumn of the .same year, when he again- determined to become a .soldier. He then enlisted in Company H, 95th New Y^ork Infantry, and the command went to the scene of action on the Potomac. They joined that Ijody at Alexandria and proceeded to Cul- pepper which was the first action in which Mr. Brower was introduced to all the variety and excitement, as well as other contingencies of warfare. He was in the actions of the Wilder- ness, covering the included period of May 1-5, 1863, at Mine Run, at Hatcher's Run, Kelley's Ford, Poplar Springs Church, Weldon Rail- road, Laurel Hill, in the siege and fighting at Petersburg and in the fall of Richmond; his service included all the military record of his regiment which presented a roster of battles and skirmishes second to none. He had the extraordinary experience of being in excellent health all the time, never passing a day away PERSONAL RECORDS. 521 from his command. He passed through liis almost three years of iniHtary Hfe, without encountering any of the exigencies of exposure to hardship, disease or injury from ball or shell. He received honorable discharge at Washington just after the Grand Review in which he was present in the ranks with his command. He returned to Broadalbin and in 1866 came to Wisconsin. He made his first location at Sparta, where he operated five years and acquired a familiarity with the trade of a paper maker. He went thence to Fond du Lac, where he was similarly occupied and remained there five years. In 1876 he came to Kaukauna and entered the emploj^ of Colonel Frambach of the " Badger Miil." (See sketch.) He was employed in that establishment three years as a workman, when he was made foreman and is still officiat- ing in that capacity. Mr. Brower was married Dec. 1, 1865, to Sarah Lucas, and they have five surviving chil- dren — Mary, Rosa, William, Abraham and Bell. Bertha died when four years and Lilly when five months old. William H. Brower, the father of Mr. Brower, was a native of New York and married Mary Ann Peck. His remoter ancestor in the paternal line was a soldier in the Revolution. The mother was also born in the State of New York. Two of her brothers were soldiers in the Civil War — Abraham, a private in the 115tli New York Infantry, and David, a soldier unassigned on account of sick- ness. Moses Peck, the father of Mrs. Brower, was a descendant from Yankee stock of New England. Lry^^ILLIAM HENRY CHILSON, I'^W dentist at Appleton, Wis., and a member of Post (Jeo. D. Eggles- ton, No. 133, G. A. R., was born in Esperence, Schoharie Co., New York, April 1, 1884. His parents, William and Rachel (Westfall) Chilson, represented families of long standing in this country and are still in Illinois. When the son was five years old they trans- ferred their residence and interests to Darien, Walworth Co., Wisconsin, and removed succes- sively to Lake Co., Illinois, to tiie old home in New York and to their present residence in Lawrence, McHenry Co., Illinois. Dr. Chilson was educated in the public schools of the several places where his fatiier located and was just at manhood's dawn when the civil war in America engaged the attention of the civil- ized world. Political events had for years been the subject of daily discussion in his hearing and the feeling that "this was too good a coun- try to be lost in fraternal discord and conflict" was then, as now, his absorbing conviction. The most interesting book in the world would be a history of the peculiar emotions which sent so many mere boys into the ranks to re-establish this Republic. The war was a little more than a year old when he decided to become a soldier. It was not a movement of enthusiasm; he had viewed every contingency and weighed every consideration and acted from sober conviction. He enlisted Aug. 6, 1862, at Big Foot, McHenry county, in C Company for three years, enrolling in the 95th Illinois Infantry. Tlie regiment went into rendezvous at Rockford, and left the State under orders to report at the "front" in the Army of the Tennessee, and was assigned to Dietzler's Brigade, in McArthur's division. (Grant's command.) Army headquarters were at Grand .function, Tenn., and the troops were stationed there or in the vicinity to await de- velopments. The 95th went to Grand Junction and prepared to take part in the expedition to Vicksburg. They were engaged in a scrim- mage on the Tallahatchie River while en route and, a few days later, pressed forward in the southward movement upon Vicksburg. The unexpected intelligence of the surrender of Murphy at Holly Springs changed the plans of Grant and he fell back to his base — Holly Springs, and the 95th went to Ripley to engage in the pursuit of Van Dorn, who was having his own way with things generall3^ Dr. Chil- son became ill and was carried in an ambulance two days, proceeding with his regiment to Col- lierville, Tenn., on tlie way to Memphis, where he went to Adams hospital and underwent a siege of sickness, lying in.sensible for a consid- erable time and passing the period between January and March under treatment. April 1st he joined his regiment at Lake Providence, and soon after was stricken with remitting fever and went to the regimental hospital. He re- covered in time to join his regiment for the final expedition against Vicksburg and, May 7th his regiment was assigned to Ransom's Brigade at Milliken's Bend, crossing the "peninsula" to Carthage (Hard Times Landing), and* on the 522 SOLDIERS ALBUM OF 12th of May, crossed the Mississippi River at Grand Gulf, moving to join the command of McPherson near Jackson. The regiment pushed forward, and arrived at Raymond the niglit he- fore the hattle of Champion's Hill. Orders uexf morning sent them on the douhle quick to re- inforce General McPherson who was hotly en- gaged at Champion's Hill, and they went thence to Bhvck River Bridge, crossed to the rear of Vicksburg and took position under the guns of the fortifications, bivouacking in the ravine on the night of the 18th. In the charge of the next day, the fruitless 19th, Dr. Cliilson, by chance was in a detail to the "left" and being on the extreme outpost of the advance skirmish line, the orders were not clearly understood and he and several comrades going forward close to the fortifications, commenced the firing in the assault. He was wounded, losing the first joint of the index finger of his left hand, but passed no time in the hospital save such as was necessary on the field to be properly cared for. The regiment was in the assault on the 22nd where Ransom with his "95th" led the advance and where the gallant commander siezed the regimental flag (after seeing four stalwart color bearers go down successively,) and himself led for his men to follow. When ^'icksburg sur- rendered, the 95th had the post of honor as re- ward for not Hinching under a hail storm of grape and cannister, such as few regiments ever confronted. After a spirited engagement, Natchez fell and 6,000 cattle, in transit to Lee's army were taken. July 14th, Ransom's brig- ade went to Natchez and thence back to Vicks- burg in October and performed camp and guard duty until March, when the regiment was as- signed to the command of General A. J. Smith, and moved to join the Red River expedition. Dr. Ghilson was present at the capture of Fort De Russy, marching all the night before, and accomplishing 45 miles, to fight the next day without rest. He aided in the work of de- struction that followed, and went thence to join Banks above Alexandria, on a reconnoitering expedition, which brought them in close quar- ters with the famous military academy of which General Sherman was principal when the war came on. From Alexandria he went to Bayou Clotile, and Grand Ecore to start for Shreveport on the transports, and to undergo the most harassing experience of the ill-fated adventure, the banks of the river being lined with rebels with every available means of war- fare, who constantly sent missiles upon the boats loaded with soldiers. While removing a sunken transport in the river, news c ime of the disaster at Sabine Cross Roads and the re- turn to Grand Ecore was a repetition of the same experiences on the river. At Pleasant Hill Landing, Dr. Chilson fought on the gunboat which captured the body of Greene, the rebel leader, in that bloody encounter. He went to Alexandria, witnessed Bailey's successful com- pletion of the historic dam, and skirmished all the way to Simmsport, participated in the scrimmages at Clouterville, Marksville and Yellow Bayou, and went to Vicksburg. Dur- ing much of this period he was in the skir- mish business every day and marched nearly every night. He arrived with his regiment a few days after the middle of May at Vicksburg while the blood of everybody was still boiling over the atrocities at Fort Pillow. At Memphis the 95th was attached to the forces under General Sturgis sent to figiit Forrest and Dr. Chilson was among the victims of the shameful mis- management of that expedition. He was captured on the retreat from Guntowii by Forrest's cavalry and, was stripped of every- thing valuable. Negro troops who were cajv tured were shot down and their bodies placed in the roads over which the force traveled. Dr. Chilson was three days without food, save one hardtack given him by the rebels. With the hundreds who that day set their faces to- wards the South and t^he atrocities of rebel prisons, he started for Andersonville. All he suffered and saw there would fill a large vol- ume and no single story has yet covered the whole history of that place which will scar the South until the judgment day. On one occa- sion he saw a negro outside of the stockade laid across a log and whipped to death. He saw 78 blows laid on his body with a "cat" and the castigation still went on after he could look no longer. Several hundred colored men were in the stockade when he went there but long be- fore he left the prison they had disappeared and nobody knew whither they had gone. They were principally from Foster's command and were for the most pait free men who refused to work on the fortifications. The doctor was an eye witness of the hanging of six men who had operated among the prisoners as pirates, and even committing murder to enable them to rob their victims, Under rebel protection, the PERSONAL RECORDS. 523 boys held a court-martial and with regular pro- ceedings sentenced and hung the depredators, sendnig a report of tlie finding of their court to the War Department at Wasliington through General Sherman who returned it approved witliout sending it to the Department. General Sherman mentions the case in his memoirs. Among his reminiscences are papers which he has preserved, which are historical in view of their significance at the time of their issu- ance. Mr. Chilson, although a boj', was elected Sergeant of a division of 5U0 in which capacity he attended to such duties as pertained to the distribution of food and reports of the numbers under his care in those particulars. He was one of those who devised the scheme of an- swering at roll-call to the names of such as had died, thereby securing about SO rations in ex- cess of the actual number for which he receiv- ed supplies, receiving 20 per cent more rations than intended. For this offence, when it was discovered, he was" bucked and gagged." Na- ture was more merciful than his captors for be became insensible and remained so from ex- haustion, until his release in . the morning, when he recovered as best he could. Here is a copy of a paper which tells its own .story : "H'd Qrs. C. S. M. Prisons, Camp Sumter, Ga., March 3, 1865, Special Order No. 8.— I. All sutlers' stores kept by Prisoners inside tiie Stockade are hereby abolished. Twenty-four hours time is given to those engaged in sutling to dispose of their provisions, goods, &c. Anything exhibited for sale after the expiration of that time will be seized and the tran.sgressor punislied. II. Anyone wishing to keep a sutler's store in future will make application to these head- quarters through the sutler of the prison. III. No permit to keep a sutler's store will be granted unless the one wlio intends to keep it, makes his purchases from the Sutler of the prison, and from no one else will he be allowed to buy anything under penality of having his permit cancelled and his goods cancelled. H. Wirz, Capt. Commanding Prison." Exactly what is meant by the tin-eat to "cancel goods" is not clear. Here is another copy of "speak- ing significance." "Hdqrs. C. S. Military Prisons, West of Savannah River, Augusta, Ga., Feb. 15, -1865. General Order No. 2—1. In consequence of a recent meeting and attempted escape of prisoners from the Military Prisons at Cahawba, Ala., it is ordered that if any prisoner or prisoners of war confined in any of the Mili- tary prisons in the States of Georgia, Alabama and Mis'si.ssippi shall engage in such meetmg, or attempt to escape, the guard shall instantly lire upon the mutineers and, if necessary, upon the wliole body of prisoners until perfect order is restoi'ed, and every prisoner found with arms in liis iiands at the time of ai;y meeting or forcible attempt to escape shall be instantly shot to death, and this j)ena]ty will in no case be remitted when such armed prisoners are overpowered by or surrendered to the guard on the suppression of a mutiny. II. The briga- dier general commanding directs that all pris- oners of war who conduct themselves in an orderly manner shall be treated with tiiat liumanity becoming the Christian people of these Confederate States, who, notwithstand- ing the barbarous atrocities infiicted upon them by a cruel and merciless foe, have not yet learned to forget their own high civilization. But he is resolved that ruffianism shall not be tolerated among the prisoners under his control. HI. This order will be published to those confined in the pris- ons of this Department and their own conduct will then determine whether their lives shall be spared or not. By order of Brig-Gen'l J. D. Imboden. (Signed) G. W. Mc Phail, A. D. C. & A. A. A. G. Official. (Signed) R. B. Thomas, A. A. D. H'd Qrs. C. S. Military Prison, Camp Sumter, Ga., Feb. 22, 1865. The roll-call Sergeant will turn over to each Divis- ion Sergeant one of these orders to be read to each division. By order of H. Wirz, Capt. Commanding Prison." These papers are wa- ter — -and time-stained, and were carried in an inner pocket of the blouse worn throughout his imprisonment by Dr. Chilson. Once he was absolutely mns culotte and a pair of pants was an imperative necessity. Rations were delivered to him in sacks and their amplitude suggested the feasibility of obtaining two of them from which to construct the required garment. He devised a scheme to cut off a piece from successive sacks that fell into his hands, until he had enough to piece together to make a sack of bona fide appearance, when he passed it in and received in its place one that was whole. Repeating the per- formance, he obtained a second sack and a sailor made the trowsers, receiving two days' rations as payment, the doctor sacrificing his small allowance of food to the little matter of 524 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF a pair of pants. He wore them until lie was within the Union lines, where the United States flag floated over their aslies and witnessed the holocaust of Southern greybacks that constituted his body-guard during his visit to rebeldom. Dr. Chilson was a personal witness of the Special Order of Providence which es- tablished Providence Springs on the hillside above the stockade quarters. Who but a pity- ing God sent a torrent of water from the heavens that cleansed every nook from its ac- cumulated filth and cut another channel through the grounds through which was to flow a never failing stream of pui'e water? For a few days the stream from the hill was not ob- served, the prisoners thinking it the I'esult of the flood, but as the days passed and it con- tinued to flow, it gradually dawned upon their understandings that it was a perennial foun- tain, and to-day its crystal purity sparkles on the hillside near the National Cemetery at An- dersonville. Dr. Chilson saw four soldiers sleeping near the dead line, when the guard fired upon tliein, blowing off' the head ot one of them. The reward for such an act was a furlough for the man who did it. How gentle sisters, sweethearts and mothers must have wel- comed the privilege bought at such a price. One morning he was bathing, when a distur- bance attracted his notice and he saw a man fly across the dead line, delirious with fever, and approach the guard, holding up his wasted and shivering hanfls. His companions shouted to the guard tbat the man had become crazed and not to shoot. A higher authority was sum- moned and called a higher official, who de- cided that the man's condition did not exempt him and he was shot. New prisoners were never instructed about regulations and, in one case, when, after Atlanta, the prisoners from Sherman's command were brought in, Dr. Chil- son saw a ruddy, vigorous, Saxon-faced man stoop across the dead line to dip a cup of water and the next instant his blood was mingled with the glidmg water, while his life- less body toppled over into the stream. In September, a detail of pri.soners, including Dr. Chilson, was sent to Savannah, thence to Milan, to the stockade prison, in October back to Savannah and to Blackshire, thence to Savannah again, back to Thompson ville, thence to Albany and finally, to Andersonville again. He was taken from there in the last days of March and, with thousands of others, was sent through Georgia and Alabama to .Jackson, Miss., on cars and marched from there to Vicks- burg. When streams were crossed those who could not swim were left to di-own. At Cham- pion's Hill Dr. Chilson and several comrades stopped at a negro cabin and asked for food. An old aunty with tears answered their appeal with " Laws a massy, bless ye chile, r,se not a thing for ye." Over their heads was a string of red pepi)ers and Dr. Chilson asked her for one which he boiled in an old tin can over the fire that blazed in the fireplace, and he and the others drank the decoction — one of the best po.ssible things in their condition. Then they went to a cotton gin in the vicinity and crawled into the soft white cotton, where he .slept for the first time in 11 months under a cover of any description. The sleep seemed to him short as a flip of his fingers. He saw the ensign of of liberty again for the first time on the day he reached legal manhood — April 1st, 18()5. A fact not mentioned in Wisconsin history is related by Dr. Chil- son. Mrs. Cornelia Harvey was at Vicks- burg and carried to the hospital in her arms the poor emaciated bodies of the soldiers who fell exhausted to the ground as they came into the Union lines. He was sent North on the Henry Ames, the consort of the Sultana whose true story was told fur the first time about the date of this writing, (1888.) He went to Springfield where he was discharged in August un- der the regulations of the telegram of the President dated June 12, 1865. Dr. Chilson returned to his father's house in May, and, as soon as recruited, began his preparatory preparations for his profession. He commenced active practice in 1866, in Jefferson, Wisconsin, and in 1874, located his business and interests at Appleton, where he is a leader in his calling. He has attained to the highest position in the estimation of his fellow-citizens, and discharges the obliga- tions of manliood and citizen-jhip in a manner becoming the record he made in the defense of the Union. His marriage to Grace E. Winans occurred Nov. 7, 1867, and they have four sturdy, intel- ligent and active children, named respectively, Thaddeus Stevens, Henry Lee, Blanche and Luella. For tiieir sakes, Dr. Chilson tells the abbreviated story of what he has confronted to substantiate his home and re-establish the Re- PERSONAL EECORDS. S25 public, in which they will, in the days to come, take an active interest. ■'^!>*^k^~3>*^^^^<^i<~^<<^it^-^- ANIEL A. KENYOX, of Seymour, Wisconsin, was born in Hartland, Niagara Co., New York, Dec. 31 1834. He moved with his parents' to Wisconsin in childhood and is practically a son of the Badger State, identified with her self- made citizens and with the record of her heroes in the suppression of the rebellion. Mr. Kenyon was nearly 27 years of age when the rebellion lifted its hateful liead to sting to deatli the Government of tlie Union. He was actuated by no enthusiasm or influence, but by hard conviction of the enormity of tlie crime of the Soutli and tlie imperative necessity of sup- pressing it and its train of consequences, with all possible haste. Mr. Kenyon enlisted April 23, 1861, at Sparta, Monroe Co., Wis., in tlie Monroe County Volunteers for three months, but re-enlisted when the proclamation abolishing three months regiments was issued, and in June following, his company mustered as Company I. The well known experiences of the 4th Wis- consin, to which Companj' I was assigned, need no elaboration here. Detained while en route, its commander exhibited the stuff in him b}' taking control of the railroad over which the^' must pass, supplying the equipment of a train from his ranks, proceeding to Harrisburg to hear of the disaster at Bull Run, borrowing smooth bore riHesas armament and pushing on to Baltimore July 22nd, the roiled Ijlood of the command beingatfeverlieatand eagertoget into tiie imbroglio. August, September and October were passed in guard duty between Baltimore and Washington and about tlie first of Novem- ber the command was connected with the Eastern Shore expedition to Virginia. Decem- ber 2iul they were on their return and remained in Baltimore until tlie last of January-, 1862. About the middle of February the command started for Newport News to join the expedition of Butler to New Orleans. March 5tli they started for Ship Island, where they remained from the 12th ol the month until April 16tli, the men succumbing to the malaria to which they were exposed. On that day, with num- bers lessened by about 150, the regiment set out on the ship Great Republic, to the Southwest Pass of the Mississippi River to await results of tlie attack on Forts Jackson and Philips, United States property in the possession of rebels. The work accomplished by the 4th Wisconsin in the preliminaries to the occupation of New Orleans would fill a volume in detail and its severity and tlie manner of the achievement won hearty commendation from all authorities. The com- mand took possession of the Crescent City April 30, 1862, to the tune of Yankee Doodle. In the first week in May the regiment started to as- cend the Mississippi River, accomplishing a vast labor in marches througli cypress swamps and in the destruction of transportation facili- ties. May 12th they reached Baton Rouge and went to Natchez three days later. On tlie 19th they were skirmishing with rebels near Vicks- burg where they remained a week and returned without accomplisliing anything. While on their way, the action at Grand Gulf was fought and repeated witli success in June. Mr. Kenyon was with his company at the sacking of New Orleans in July, at Carrolton doing garrison duty in August, and in the expedition to Bonne Carre Point in September. In December he re- turned to Baton Rouge, and in February, 1863, went to Bayou Plaquemine. In March he re- turned to Baton Rouge and was in the attack on Port Hudson. The Teclie expedition was commenced in April. Mr. Kenyon accompan- ied it and was in the pursuit of the rebels. On reaching Ojielousas the regiment took possession of rebel horses and converted themselves into cavalry to continue the chase. Six days later they abandoned their mount and joined their brigade. May 27th Mr. Kenyon was in the as- sault on Port Hudson. Tiie 4th Wisconsin silenced the guns of the rebel batteries, but at terrible cost. Mr. Kenyon was detailed as Or- derly on the personal start of Colonel Bean and, under his orders. May 29th, crept from his po- sition to one on a fallen tree which slanted up- wards, to obtain knowledge of the location of a battery which was giving trouble. A ball in close proximity to his head warned him that he was seen by the sharpshooters, and he re- tired to report tlie results of his observation to his officer. Colonel Bean desired to see for him- self and repeated the action of Mr. Kenyon. In a few minutes he was instantly killed by a sharpshooter. The action continued until June 14th, when a second assault was made. In September, the coi:.mand was converted into a 526 SOLDIEKS' ALBUM OF cavalry regimeut, receiving equipments at Baton Rouge. At the camp of instruction at the Relay House Mr. Kenyon was made Corporal, (July 8, 1861.) At Carrollton, La., he was promoted to Orderly Sergeant, (Nov. 20, 1862) and, at the close of the siege of Port Hudson, he was made Sergeant Major of his regiment, (June 24, 1863.) In the latter part of December, 1863, he was detailed on recruiting service and returned to Wisconsin. He opened his office at Tomah, Monroe county, and later transferred his opera- tions to Hartford, Washington county. He re- cruited lialf a hundred men, a part of whom he sent forward in charge of Sergeant Peck and conducted a considerable number himself on his return to his command in June, 1864. He received special orders to report to the Colonel, afterwards General Bailey at Vicksburg, whei-e the latter was in service as Department Engi- neer. He was placed in charge of two saw mills in that vicinity and was there mustered out, his term having expired, (July 4, 1864.) At the last assault on Port Hudson the regiment was without officers, everyone having been killed or wounded. Mr. Kenyon, iiolding the rank of Orderly' Sergeant, found himself the senior in the field and took charge as superior officer, filling the position, preserving the or- ganization and attending to the necessities of the remaining men as he best could do, until midnight of that day. The regiment went into the action of June 14th with about 400 men and at roll call 36 answered to their names. For a period of about 10 days he remained ranking officer, and at the expiration of tliat time the 1st Lieutenant rejoined the regiment and assumed charge. When he was 10 years old the parents of Mr. Kenyon removed to Spring Prairie, Racine County. He obtained such education as he could, and when 17 he engaged with Colonel Wlielpley in a surveying expedition in Michi- gan, (1851) and received no compCiisation through the failui-e of his employer to fulfill his contract. He learned the business of a car- penter at Hartford and passed the years 1854-5 in the employ of the old Milwaukee & La Crosse railroad company. He went then to the employ of the Hannibal & St. Joseph R. R. Co., and worked for that corporation two years. He went next to Nebraska City where he was one of the first carpenters, and remained eight months. In 1857 he went to Memphis to work for Maxwell, Salpan & Co., bridge builders, by whom he was employed until the outbreak of the war. Reiurning from the war he established his business at Tomah, where he operated as a car- penter eight years. He served there as Town Treasurer and three terms as Deputy Sheriff. In 1872 he entered the employ of the American vSewing Machine Company of Philadelpliia as traveling salesman, in whose interests he tra- versed the entire United States and part of Mexico. In 1878 he established a mercantile business at Seymour, which he has since prose- cuted with satisfactory results. He has been a member of the Council three terms. He was married June 4, 1865, to Mercy Ann Kneeland, and they had three children of whom William survives. Augustus died when eight years old, and Lottie at four months. The mother died and Mr. Kenyon was married in August, 1878, to Mahala V. Woodward. His parents, Daniel and Eleanor (Van Aken) Kenyon were born in New York, where tlieir progenitors settled in the early history of the State. The mother was of Mohawk Dutch line- age and both were descended from patriots of the Revolution. jHl th UBBARD TREFETEN, of Winne- conne. Wis., formerly a soldier of be civil war, was born August 2, 1836, in Rye, Rockingliam Co., New Hampshire. He is the son of Sebastian and Elizabetii Trefeten and has very little recollec- tion of either, as his motlier died when he was still young and his father went to the far West wiiile he was still a boy and disappeared from the knowledge of his friends. Mr. Trefeten was brought up in his native State and ob- tained such education as a country school af- forded. Hi acquired a knowledge of the busi- ness of an engineer and blacksmith which he followed until he became a soldier. He was in Illinois during the first months of the war and he enlisted August 8, 1862, at Fulton, in Com- pany I, 75th Illinois Infantry for three years or during the war, and received honorable dis- charge June 22, 1865, at Quincy, 111. Prior to his discharge he was transferred to the Pioneer service. On moving to the front to take part PERSONAL RECORDS. 527 in active hostilities the regiment was assigned to the 3d Brigade under General J. C. Davis and to the 20th Army Corps of the Army of the Cumberland and was attached to the riglit wing of Rosecrans' command under McCook. The first battle in which Mr. Trefeten was en- gaged was at Perryvillc, where the regiment lost 314 men. He was afterwards stationed at Crab Orchard and was in his next battle at Stone River where he fought in water and ice knee deep throughout the action. He was in all the subsequent actions in which the Army of the Cumberland was engaged, was in camp at Murfreesboro, went to Tullahoma and was taken sick and sent to general hospital until after the battle of Chattanooga and Chicka- mauga. Wliile there he was stung in his left eye by a scorpion which caused intense suffer- ing and finally the loss of the eye and his sight is now almo.st totally destroyed. His constitution was permanently injured by the calomel ad- ministered to him. He was also in the hospital at Mound City, III. After his recovery he re- joined his regiment in season to participate in the battles in which the Army of the Cumber- land was engaged and fought at Resaca and Kenesaw. After the vvar he came to Wisconsin and lo- cated at Fond du Lac whence he came to Win- neconne. He was married there to Teah Olson and their only child, Bessie, is six years old. His army experience wholly unfitted him for work at his trade and he has since been other- wise occupied. In political sentiment he is a Republican of decided type and has fixed Abraham Lincoln in his remembrance as a model hero and President. UDOLPH .J. WELSBROD, member of Oshkosh Post No. 241, was born Aug. 21, 1837, in Simmern, Province of the Rhine, Prussia. He became a resident of Oshkosh in 1851, in which year his parents came with their family to America, Rudolph being then 14 years of age. In 1859, he went to the city of New York and was still there when the Civil War was inaugurated. Eleven days after the attack on Sumter, he en- listed for two years, enrolling in Company D, 8th New York Infantry. He was made Ser- geant on the organization of his company and served in that capacity during the extent of his connection with the "8th." September 14, 1862, he was honorably dischargad at Halls' Hill, Va., in order tliat he might accept a com- mission as 2nd Lieutenant in Company E, 21st Wisconsin Infantry. October 11th he was pro- moted to 1st Lieutenant and, February 20, 1863, he received a commission as Captain of his Company. He was finally di.scharged Jan. 1, 1865, at Savannah, Ga., for disability. Mr. Weisbrod was a member of the 8th New York, a year and five months, and, during that time, \vas in active service. The regiment was assigned to the Army of the Potomac and was commanded by Colonel, afterwards General Blenker, a Division Connnander. Among the battles in which Mr. Weisbrod fought was the first Bull Run, Republic or Cross Keys, Port Republic and Culpepper Court-House. He par- ticipated in the fights and skirmishes on the Rapidan and at the 2nd battle of BilU Run. After receiving his discharge he remained with the New York regiment two weeks, as he saw no opportunity to detach himself, so active was tlie fighting. Among the principal engage- ments in which he took part after his discharge papers were in his pocket, was Antietam. Sep- tember 28th, he reported to the regiment to which he was transferred at Louisville, Ky., where the command was in camp. The first battle in which the regiment was engaged was that of Perryville. Tlirough mistake, it was assigned to a wrong position and occupied a place in front of the main line, thus receiving the fire of both armies. It was therefore driven to the rear in a short time, having sustained great loss. In December following the regi- ment went to Nashville and thence to Stone River. The 14th Corps to which it belonged, commanded by General Thomas, occupied the center of the line of attack in that battle and the fighting of the 21st was specially mentioned in the brigade dispatches. June 24, 1863, the regiment participated in a heavy skirmish at Tullahoma and drove the rebels from their position. September 19th and 20th, were two of the most eventful days in the history of the 21st. The regiment was in arms from early morn- ing until midnight of the 19th, and it was one of the first in the advance line of battle on the following morning. The last engagement he was in before going into winter quarters was at Mission Ridge and Lookout Mountain. In May, 1864, the 21st Wisconsin joined the forces of Sherman, to engage in the expedition 528 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF planed to "break the heart of the Confederacy." In the actions at Snake Creek Gap and Resaca the regiment sustained its record, being the last to retire at the close of the latter action. It was the same story at Pumpkin Vine Creek and there the action of Company E was a small edition of the charge at Mission Ridge. At Big Shanty, Kenesaw Mountain, Peacli Tree Creek, Atlanta and Jonesboro, the regiment was in action of the severest kind. For four months the regiment had been continously in arms and only a third of its original number was left when the command went into the action at Atlanta. In November tiie regiment joined the legion organized for "splitting the Confederacj' in the middle." In the march to the sea, there was labor such as no troops ever before encountered. They burned cities and towns, and they saved others from the flames. They destroyed railroads and bridges and they swept from their route, like dew from the grass, the i-ebels who attempted to obstruct their pro- gress. The 21st Wisconsin was engaged in the siege of Savannah from first to last and, after the evacuation of the city, enc. imped within the corporation limits. Here Captain Weisbrod received honorable discharge. During his period of service, he received four wounds, but not sufficientl}' severe to interfere with his operations as a soldier. After his return to Oshkosb he engaged in the furniture business in which he was inter- ested about 15 years. At the end of that time his business was destroyed by fire with total loss. He acted seven years as Chief of tlie Fire Department and, in 1887 was appointed Chief of Police of Oshkosh, a position for which he is fitted by nature and character. He is of stal- wart build and ot prompt, energetic action in emergency. He was married at Oshkosh, April 5, 1865, to Sophia Arnold and they are the parents of two children, named Clara and Edward W. The parents of Mr. Weisbrod, P. W. and Cath- erine Weisbrod, are both deceased and are buried at Oshkosh. LE R. OLESON, of Waupaca, Wis., . , ^^J dealer in real estate and member of W'''>>y J. A. Garfield Post No. 21, was born October 20, 1841, in Skjoldrup on Island Falster, kingdom of Denmarck. He came to America in 1862, arriving on the last day of May, and was followed, 16 years later, by his parents, Rasmus and Bodel (Hanson) Oleson. They reached America in .June, 1878, and both are still living with tlieir daughter, Mrs. Maria Anderson. The senior Oleson was a farmer in his native country and a man of prominent position, serving in tiie Danish Par- liament a quarter of a century. The mother of Mr. Oleson belonged to a family of prominent social standing; she is 73 years old and the mother of six children, four of whom died in infancy. Mr. Oleson was reared on his fatlier's farm in Denmark and attended school ni accor- dance with the law of his country, spending every otlier day in study to the age of 14, and, as soon as released from school, he shipped as a sailor on a vessel with tbe intention of making that his profession. At the end of a year he returned home and passed two years on the homestead. He then entered an insti- tution called the Farmer's Agricultural High School, where he studied two years and was graduated in April, 1862, and, soon after, sailed for America. He landed at New York and came to Waupaca, Wis., as .stated. August 12, 1862, he enlisted in Company G, 21st Wiscon- sin Infantry. He was not able to speak Eng- lish and was betrayed into becoming a soldier by a renegade countryman who assured him and several others equally unsopiiisticated, that they would receive $100 and 160 acres of land, if they would enlist. They acceded to tbe scheme and they afterwards learned that tlieir adviser, rvho did not enlist, received $5.00 for each one whom he induced to enroll. But Mr. Oleson was not made of material that shirked duty under any circumstances and ciieerfully marched away to fight for the flag which protected him as much as its sons to" the manor born. The regiment went from Osh- kosii to Louisville, Ky., and Mr. Oleson passed through the entire period for which he enlisted. (See sketch of Charles F. Constance.) During the march to the sea, he and two comrades, John Harkness and Orville A. Rice, were de- tailed on a foraging trip and, straying from the command, were lost three weeks. Tiiey secured several mules and, in foraging for themselves, obtained a quantity of food wbich was of good service. They came to a dismantled rebel house where were four ladies in distress for food. One was a secessionist of the darkest stripe and another as strongly the friend of the PERSONAL RECORDS. 529 North. The rangers told them, if they would cook them a meal they should have food enough for a week, and they complied. The Union soldiers went to sleep in an old granaiy, and about midniglit their Union friend awoke them, saying their lives were not safe, as her sister had given rebel bushwhackers informa- tion of their presence. They rushed out and overtook Kilpatrick's troops the next evening. The camp was on a high knoll and be- fore morning they were sur})rised by the rebels who murdered many in their sleep. Those who escaped did so without shoes or blankets and retreated under sharp fire to the protection of a lull. There they formed in line of battle under Kilpatrick who came to join them in scant attire and they charged the rebs, whom they drove out of the way. After the surrender of Johnston, Mr. Oleson went to the Grand Review at Washington and on arri- val at Raleigh, N. C, received the intelligence of the assassination of the President. He was discharged with his regiment at Washington in June, 1865, and thence proceeded to Milwaukee where he was mustered out. He went to Wood county, where he was employed as a lumber- man at Port Edwards until the middle of Octo- ber, 18G5, when he returned to Denmark to visit his family. In May, 1866, he returned to America and on the passage about 400 on board died from disease. The remainder were detained nine weeks in quarantine. He en- gaged with the same firm at Port Edwards on his return to Wisconsin and, in the winter fol- lowing, in the business of a miller in which he was occupied until the fall of 1867. He went back again to Denmark and again returned to America in May, 1868. He was employed in the mills and as a clerk until October, 1869, when he was married to Maren Christina Behm, who lived in Lind, Waupaca count}', and he remained in the employ of Mr. Nordwi, until the fall of 1870 when he was engaged with N. Miller in the same capacity and remained with him until the following fall. At that date he was elected Register of Deeds of Wau- paca county and filled the position two terms. In January, 1876, he again visited the old country, taking with him his wife and son. He returned in July of the same year and opened an abstract office, associated with Charles Churchill, Clerk of the Court. Their relation continued until April 1st, 1880, when Mr. Ole- son was appointed corresponding clerk in the State Land Office under H. B. Warner, Secre- tary of State. He filled the position seven years and resigned and returned to Waupaca, being appointed by Governor Rusk as State Timber Agent for the 6th Distric-t of Wisconsin and he still holds holds the position. Mr. and Mrs. Oleson have one son, Louis, born Aug. 26, 1870, who is connected with the drug business of H. B. B. Boppe of Waupaca. Mr. Oleson is one of the class who constitute an important element of the Nationality of America. He brought to this country the sturdy honesty and trained capacity for which the better classes of his native land are con- spicuous and fought through the bitter strug- gle in which the land was ahead}' involved when he came to the shores of the New World. He has discharged his obligatioiis as a citizen in a manner in every way creditable to his manhood and citizenship. DOLPH F. R. WITTMANN, Manifo- ld woe. Wis., publisher of the Pod and member of G. A. R. Post No. 18, was born March 31, 1825, at Berlin, Prussia. He emigated to America in 1843, and landed at the port of New York on the 15th day of October. He made no tarry, but pro- ceedeil to Wisconsin, which had just been ad- mitted as a State, and located at Manitowoc. He established his business tiiere and, at the outbreak of the rebellion in 1861, was conduct- ing the relations of a large drug business, which he could not leave, but a number of his relatives made haste to enlist, leaving their families in his care. Finally, one of his brother.s-in-law returned and Mr. Wittmann placed his business in his care and reported for service. He was commissioned 2nd Lieu- tenant of Company F, 48th Wisconsin Infantry, by Governor J. T. Lewis, Jan. 26, 1865. Feb. 23rd following, he was made C'aptain, and on the organization of the regiment, his company was assigned to the 4th place and went to the field as Company D. When eight companies were organized they received marching orders and they left Camp Washburn early in March, un- der Lieutenant-Colonel Siiears with orders for St. Louis. Orders were there received for the command to march to Fort Scott, Kansas, and, 530 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF on the route, the information of Lee's sur- render and the murder of Lincohi was re- ceived. About the last of April tlie regiment reached Fort Scott. May lltli, Captain Witt- mann, commanding Companies I and D, was ordered to Humboldt, ivansas, wliere they re- mained until August 17tli, when they went to Mound City and afterwards joined the regi- ment at Lawrence. Tlie war was over and the command expected discharge, but was ordered to proceed to the plains, where the Lidians were holding high carnival along the Sante Fe road, under the supposition, that the whites were at war among themselves and the Presi- dent being dead, that their opportunity had come, and they were killing all the whites who fell into their hands. Captain Witt- mann, commanding Companies 1) and F, was sent to Fort Aubrey, 570 miles distant. He marched there with his command, the distance mentioned being greatly increased by the ne- cessity of keeping in ttie vicinity of the Ar- kansas River, a crooked water course. The smaller streams being dry and there being no shade or water, the command suffered much on account of spoiled provisions. They reached their destination t ; find a dilapidated company of Kansas cavalry, which was replaced soon after by a company of U. S. Cavalry. The winter quarters consisted of holes in the ground, each of whicii sheltered six or eight men and, before enough of these dugouts could be con- structed for the use of the command, winter was upon them and Captain Wittmann be- came very ill, but a good constitution and com- petent medical care pulled him through. The Indians held themselves at a safe distance and the duty of the garrison consisted in the pro- tection of the road and the mail coaches and the care of travelers. The hardships may be illustrated by a single case. About the middle of December a train of 64 wagons, each drawn drawn by six mules or eight oxen, passed the fort going west. Two feet of snow lay on the ground and, soon after, a furious snow storm set in and about the first of January, four men came to the fort and asked for supplies suflicient to take them to the next fort and stating that their party, a pony and a young steer, which they brought with them, were all that was left of the train, the escort and teams having all been lost in the storm. January 19th, a company of U. S. Infantry reached Fort Aubrey and Cap- tain Wittmann was told that two companies sent previously to relieve him had frozen in near Fort Zarah, and had lost about half their number, and the present relief had been ordered there first. Captain Wittmann left Fort Aubrey for home soon after and tlie command was obliged to carry wood along to make their coffee, other cooking being done only when they reached a fort and took a day of rest. They suffered on going out from heat, drouth and spoiled provis- j ion and, returning, endured as much from cold, storm and want of wood for cooking and ! warmth. However, the command was in toler- able condition on arrival at Fort Leavenworth, whence Companies D and F were sent to Mad- ison by rail and Captain Wittmann was mus- tered out March 10, 1866. He was married Nov. 4, 1850, to Anna Chris- tina Heinemann, of Chicago. They have four sons and a daughter. Herman resides at Rudolph, Wis.; Walter is the editor of two pa- pers at West Bend, Wis., where he publishes the BeohacJiter in German, and the Democrat. Adolpli is a practicing physician at St. Wen- dels, Manitowoc county, and Rudolph is a traveling salesman for a Milwaukee house. The three oldest sons are married. Ottilie, the only daughter, remains with her parents! Mr. Wittmann has been engaged since 1881 in publication of the Manitowoc Pod, a German weeklj' newspaper. His portrait appears on page 528. OBERT BRAND, of Oshkosh, and a former soldier and sailor in the ser- vice of the United Stntes during the civil war, was born Jan. 12, 1840, in Dundee, Scotland. His parents, Robert and Cecilia (Fenton) Brand, were natives of "anld Scotia" and belonged to the seafaring class. His father was a boat builder and had a wide repu- tation in his business. When their son was seven years old, in 1847, they removed to Amer- ica. They landed at the port of New York and came thence to Milwaukee. The senior Brand was a practical mechanic and a skilled worker in wood and, after his arrival in Milwaukee, engaged in the manufacture of ornamental wood work and operated at that point until PERSONAL RECORDS. 531 1854, when the family traiifcferred their resi- dence to Janesville. Mr. Brand was a pupil in the schools of Scot- land until he crossed the sea to become identi- fied witli the interests and progress of an adopted country. Pie was at school in Milwau- kee attending Buck's aciideniy after completing a primary course of education. As lie grew to manhood, he acquired a complete knowledge of his father's trade and was engaged in his of- iice until lie determined to enter the arm}'. He enlisted in May, 1861, in tlie oLJi Wisconsin In- fantry at Janesville, and he was in rendezvous with the regiment at Camp Randall at Madison. I'he organization of the "5th'" was completed in the place of rendezvous in aljout a montli and, in the latter days of July Mr. Brand found him- self en route for the front at Washington. In September, the regiment was placed under the command of General Smith and, soon after, was transferred from King's brigade (who had designed the 5tli for the nucleus of the organi- zation afterwards known as the Iron Brigade), to the command of Hancock and Mr. Brand en- countered most varieties of military service ex- cept heavy battle while at Camp Griffin in the vicinity of Lewinsville. On the histori- cal March 10,1862, he was in^ McClellan's ad- vance to Manassas and endured wearisome and fruitless marching. He was in the reconnois- sance and fought in the action opposite Fortress Monroe, enjoying the satisfaction of winning in the contest which expelled the rebels from their position. April 4th he was in another action at Young's Mills and continued in tlie activities that followed, known as the siege of Yorktown. He fought at Williamsburg where the regiment distinguished itself as a fighting body in a con- spicuous manner. He was with the command in the movement at Ciiickahominy and the bat- tle at Golden's Farm was opened by the driving in of the pickets of the 5tli Wisqonsin and Mr. Brand was in the successive actions known as the "Seven Days' Fight." He was in the rear during the movement of McClellan's troops and exposed to lebel shot and shell at Savage Sta- tion, White Oak Swamp Bridge and Malvern Hill. He enlisted as a musician and, on the order which abolished regimental bands, re- ceived honorable discharge Aug. 12, 1862, at Harrison's Landing where the regiment was in camp. He returned to Janesville and a year later yielded to the inlierited inclination to try naval experience and he went to Brooklyn to enlist in the sea service. He enrolled at the navy j'ard as acting carpenter and was as- signed to the receiving ship, North Carolina, to await assignment. He remained there until October, 1864, when he was detailed to make connection with tlie "Aphrodite," a supply ship, whicli was disjiatclied to the Gulf Squad- ron. She was wrecked on the passage just .south of Cape Hatteras on the coast of North Carolina on Cedar Bank. It was a terrific ex- perience, 500 souls being aboard, 50 of whom were lost. Those who saved their lives did so by the merest chance, the life boats swamping in the surf. Three days were passed by, the forlorn party on the sandy shoals, without food, and clad only in shirts and trowsers. At the end of that time they were reached by boats called " turj)entine fiats " sent to their relief by Admiral Porter and conveyed to Beaufort, N. C. The sailors were variously disposed of and Mr. Brand was assigned to the " Mercedita." She was a wooden vessel and liad been in an engagement in Charleston Harbor the last day of January, 1864. She was under condemna- tion and, after a sail of a short distance, a gale came on in which her boiler braces gave way and .she was compelled to make Charleston har- bor. Mr. Brand was transferred to the U. S. sloop, " Pawnee," which was assigned to the South Atlantic Squadron. Later, Mr. Brand was assigned to the " New Hampshire," a sail- ing frigate carrying 74 guns. (She is incorrectly designated in reports as a steamer). The pe- culiar abilities of Mr. Brand as a carpenter were in demand, the supply being far short of I the necessities in various quarters and Mr. Brand was subjected to frequent transfers to places where his services were in immediate de- mand. He was then assigned to the "Acacia " which became famous for the capture of the "Julia," a rebel steamer wliich sought the pro- tection of the rebel guns at the mouth of Alli- gator Creek. She was a blockade runner and was cut out from the protection of the rebel battery Oct. 23rd, 1864, by six boat loads of men under Captain Barrymore, of Hartford, Conn. The work was accomplished under a storm of grape and canister and the steamer was taken while broadside aground, where she had been chased by the "Acacia." The injur- ies she had received were disabling and Mr. Brand, with the cnief engineer, proceeded to repair her steam pipes and fit her for move- ment. Her load of sea-island cotton was made 532 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF into embrasures as defense and preparations were made for steam to be raised as soon as tide served. Tlie capture was made at one o'clock on the afternoon of the '23rd and about 10 in I the evening a turmoil on the beach led tliemto believe that an attempt to recapture would be made. A private signal was made to the "Aca- cia " to be in readiness to assist if necessary and the prize crew heard plainly the approach of tiie rebel boats. Their boat howitzers were loaded to the muzzle with canister and the men stood armed with muskets to repel an attack. No response was made to the advances of the rebels who, finding themselves unable to draw the fire of the ja'ize crew on the "JuIIm," with- drew. She lay three-fourths of a mile from the fort and, after she had moved a little distance, the battery opened fire on the spot she had just left. The "Acacia " responded in her best man- ner, which entertained the rebels firing from the fort, until the ".Julia" was out of range of her guns. She was taken alongside the "^Vca- cia" and the cheering of her crew could be plainly heard at the fort She sold for $285,- 000, Mr. Brand's share being $998. She was delivered at Charleston harbor Dec. 25th, as a Christmas present to Admiral Dahlgren whose share of the prize money was a considerable sum. Mr. Brand assisted in the final scenes in the taking of Charleston Harbor harbor and aided in the capture of the " Wren " and " Sy- ren," Feb. 18, 18(i4. He was present at the cer- emonies of April 14, 1865, when the United States fiag was raised over the battlements of Sumter. (See sketch of Captain N. M. Ed- wards). He heard the speech of Henry \\'^ard Beecher and has a photograph of the scene. Sumter was brilliant with roses and the festivi- ties were under the management of Major An- derson, who saluted the ensign of his country for the last time on Soutiiern soil exactly four years before, as he and his little band submit- ted to superior, but not braver might. Mr. Brand was in the service during the remainder of the spring along the coast, and received hon- orable discharge Aug. 10, 1865, at the navy yard at Philadelphia. He returned to Janesville and, a year later, removed to Oshkosh, where he located March 1, 1867. He established the business interests in which he has since been engaged and his factoi-y is located on Ceape street. He has be- come conspicuous in the manufacture of finely carved and designed furniture of which he is the maker and designer. His orders are for the furnishing of church chancels, club rooms, offices, hotels and saloons and other places where artistic wood ornamentation is a desider- atum. He is no less noted as a boat builder and the fruits of his industrj-, genius and en- ergy are to be found on all the inland lakes and include both steam and sailing craft. His boats have long carried the palm for speed. Congressman Clark of Neenah is the owner of a fine yacht of his building. Mr. Brand has officiated for four years as Al- derman at Oshkosh. He was married Feb. 18, 1860, to Ann Thompson and their surviving children ai'e named William and Robert. Ed- die died when a year old. Mrs. Brand is the daughter of Robert and Janet (Laurie) Thomp- son, and was born on Loch Leven, between the counties of Inverness and Argyle, and near the castle where Mary, Queen of Scots, was impris- oned on her arrival from France, located on an island in the middle of the channel. Robert Thompson was a musician and played " the pipes ; " he was a weaver by profe.ssion and manufactured the beautiful carpets used only in the homes of aristocracy, known as Wiltons. A. SHEPHERD, a resident of Fond du Lac, Wis., was born Feb. 8, f 1837, at Newsted, Erie Co., N. Y., and he is the son of Abraham and Maria (Bennett) Shepherd. La 1858 he com- menced to operate in the capacity of wagoner and carried supplies by wagon trains between Leavenworth, Kas., and Santa Fe, N. M. He came to Wisconsin in 1844 when seven years old and enlisted about the last of May, 1861, at Ripon, in Company B, 1st Wisconsin Cavalry for three j^ears. He was in camp at Kenosha until the fall, when ho went to St. Louis, and moved thence to Cape Girardeau, Mo. Two days after arrival, the command commenced active operations and Mr. Shepherd captured a live rebel in the action at Gii'ai'deau. Skirmish- ing continued without intermission 15 days, which resulted in driving the rebels into Ar- kansas. Mr. Shepherd was assigned to the position of wagon and forage master and run trains from the Cape to Bloomfield, where a portion of the regiment was stationed. One PERSONAL RECORDS. 533 morning he was captured by bushwhackers near West Prairie. He dismounted under orders from liis captors, but iiis horse " being a new recruit," ran back to the camp. Three rebels took him to a log house, occupied by three women, who engaged the attentions of the rebels, who neglected their guns as well as their prisoner. He threw away a rifle and started for camp with two shotguns and, when his absence was noticed, he had scaled a seven-rail fence around the clearing. The rebels commenced to climb the fence regardless of his order to bait, and he tired twice, two of the rebels dismounting with liaste, totally dis- abled from farther use to the confederacy. The third went in a opposite direction to Mr. Shep- herd who soon overtook a party looking for him, who had been informed of something wrong by the arrival of his horse. On another occasion he received orders from Captain Hyde, Post Commander at Bloonifield, to remove a sick camp from West Prairie thence. He started with 10 trusty men besides the drivers and skirmished all the way. "Rebs" were nearly in possession of the situation when he arrived, endeavoring to bring about the capitu- lation of the camp. A small cannon, captured at Bloomfield, was loaded and their return to Bloonifield entered upon. Skirmishing took place on the way and two brave soldiers were killed. The two months following were passed in foraging for the stock and the sick while the remainder went on the "wild goose chase" to Helena under Colonel Daniels. The force under Mr. Shepherd rigged up the old cannon with which they practiced every morning, and they were finally made safe by the arrival of two pieces of artillery from the Cape. A squad of convalescents were detailed to escort 200 contraband horses to the Cape and, accom- panied by a few well men, a start was made and .j'2 miles traversed in 24: hours. Bloom- field was attacked the night after, one of the guns captured and several convalescents killed. Captain Hyde evacuated the place Sept. lltli and went to Greenville. The party who were out heard of the move and a lieuttuant whose name is not considered suited to these annals, was detailed to reconnoiter and learn of the whereabouts of the commandant. He dis- covered a negro in tiie woods and his magni- fying discernment multiplied the single darkey until he filled the woods with rebels, and the squad was ordered to return to the Cape. A call was made for volunteers to proceed, and 20 marched on to meet a negro who told them where the commandant was, and tiiey .slej)! that night in Bloomfield. Tlie regiment re- assembled at the Ca})e and, soon after, the raid of Price and Marmaduke commenced. Mr. Sheplierd relates tliat the 1st Wisconsin set out to harass their flank (\'hich resulted in a sudden movement of the rebels southward, the 1st IVis- co'>isin leading. Reaching Cape Girardeau, he proceeds to say "there was a royal fight." Gen- eral McNeill was in their rear, and reinforce- ments and arms arriving, the tables turned and Price's army led the retrograde movement. At the Whitewater Mr. Sheplierd was detailed to ascertain the location of the rebels and, be- fore he reached the river at nightfall, he lound himself in the rebel camp, which he had sup- posed to be at Bloomfield. He answei'ed in reply to questions that he was sick and was ordered to dismount, as he had a valuable horse. Everything in his posession, save pants, boots and shirt, were taken from him and he was tnken to where several "Yanks" were held i)risoners. They were in charge of a detail of Texas Rangers who were tired and one rebel slept in a road that led to the river. One of the "Yanks" was a former driver for Mr. Shepherd and he remarked " Shep, if I had a knife, I could fix that fellow so we could get away. " The rebels had over- looked a knife in the cavalry boot of Mr. S. which he quietly gave to the man and the rebel went on a far journey, where he did not intercept the file of prisoners who forded the river immediately after, one being drowned in crossing. Mr. Siiepherd received the acknowl- edgments of General McNeill. The 1st Wis- consin continued the raid nearly to Batesville, Ark., and, after recruiting at Genevieve for a few weeks, the work of clearing that section of rebels was completed. Many skirmishes took place. In the spring of 1863, the regiment joined the Army of the Cumberland at Triune, Tenn. From Missouri through Kentucky, Mr. Shepherd was in charge of the wagon train and on one occasion stopped at a house to obtain food, having no idea of finding rebels. The train moved on and left him to take his lunch. Al)out three score rebels appeared and took him and his equipments. He asked the officer to permit a guard to go with him on a necessary errand to a field in the rear of the house and, as the guard loitered, he obtained a start and 534 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF struck out for the woods. He met a negro wlio told him there were Union people in the vicin- ity and found them a mile away. Arrange- ments were made for his Ijeing conducted dur- ing the night to his regiment and a young wo- man appeared about seven oV^lock with two nuiles which she had borrowed (?) from a rebel planter. Camp was reached about midnigiitand the girl received in exchange for the mules an elegant saddle horse with equijiments and $30 in cash from C'olonel LaUrange for her bravery and Union j)riuciples. After making connection with General Ed. McCook's brigade, the experiences of the com- mand changed. Confronting veteran cavalry- men was another matter than skirmishing with buskwhackers and that ilk, and Wheeler, one of the bravest and most skillful officers in the rebel service, was making things entertaining. Mr. Shepherd's first action was on the Shelby- ville Pike and he Avas in action two hours. He had been ill with chronic diarrhcea from drink- ing cypress swamp water and, although he had controlled the 'difficulty with dover powders and morphine to avoid going to the hospital, he was compelled to go to Murfreesboro. After passing some time at Camp hospital he went to lios])ital No. 3 at Nashville and remained a, month, rejoining the command in time to start on a raid after Wheeler. The rebel was chased through Tennessee into Kentucky and back again, and for six weeks there was skirmishing every day. Mr. Shepherd instances the cap- ture of a connnissary train in the Sequatchie Valley as "one of the finest small fights" of the war. It was a "red hot" hand-to-hand action; his horse was shot and he was clubbed with a reversed musket and carries the depression in his skull to this date. After recovering his senses, he took the horse of a rCbel officer and engaged in a hand-to-hand saber fight with one of Wheeler's staff. He would have been "downed" but for what the rebel characterized a " damned Yankee trick." Mr. Shepherd car- ries the scar of the saber wound he received but he "got there all the same." Mr. Shepherd was in the fights previous to and at Cbicka- mauga Creek, Chattanooga, Lookout Mountain and Missionary Ridge, where he fought for the first time with a Spencer carbine. In this action, a rebel charge was met by the command in such a manner that the " butternuts " re- ported two corps of " Yanks ". At Murfrees- boro he had his first rest after joining the Army of the Cumberland and his first full rations. The regiment went next to Knoxvilleand skir- mished there and at Strawberry Plains. Soon afterwards, the command was ordered across the Tennessee and he forded the stream with them, the water mingled with ice, reaching his horse's side, and three times afterwards with dispatches. His horse had to he abandoned, but he took one from the stable of a rebel the same day. The command found themselves in a pocket and their progress was strongly con- tested. A hot action followed and the rebels were driven to Newmarket and aci'oss Mossy Creek. Headquarters were, as usual on the skirmish line and at midnight the rebels at- tacked. The asi5aulting force was checked until the arrival of the bulk of the command, in- cluding the 1st Wisconsin and the '2nd Indiana, when a repulse followed. In the morning an artillery duel commenced, and Mr. Shepherd was sent with dispatches and his horse was shot under him by a rebel cannon ball. He mounted his mare " Lucky " and was in action all day, carrying orders on the skirmish line. For man}' days afterwards, hot work was en- countered within the rebel lines in pursuit of forage for the stock. The command lived on corn and coffee, as nothing else could be obtained. Once, Mr. Shepherd obtained an old goose — so old that she was repudiated by the rebels. His cuok and stable boy. Darky Tom, advised him to take oft' his hat in respect for the age of the bird, which was boiled all night and for successive days, without becoming fit to eat, but furnished good material for soup. About the seventh day after arriving at Mossy Creek, a part of the command was ordered to go to Dandridge to reconnoiter. Finding that the force was divided the rebels attacked the camp in charge of the artillery, and the charge was met by defensive fighting, not sur- passed in quality during the war. They were finally relieved by the return of their comrades. The following night, while encamped in the woods, Hinraan, a scout, informed LaGrange that there was a rebel picket post in an old church in the vicinity. Colonel LaGrange took Mr. Shepherd and started to examine for himself. Hinman captured and killed the vidette and the church was found to contain 45 sleeping rebels. They were awakened by the clarion voice of LaGrange, who ordered them to surrender, while the two others rode around with noisy clatter, giving orders PERSONAL RECORDS. 535 with great rapidity and with the guard of three, the 4") rebels marched within the Union hnes, mad enougli to find the}' had svn-rendered under ?uch conditions. Hinman started to find tlieir command and discovered a regiment, which was charged by the 1st Wisconsin and 4th In- diana, and nearly 700. were captured and safely corralled before breakfast. Mr. Sliepberd was in a "rattling" skirmish of four hours that day. He was next in action at Dandridge, where the combined forces of Longstreet and Wheeler were to be met. The first of the action occurred on Monday, Jan. "15tb, 1864, and on the 17th, the 1st Wisconsin and the 2nd Indiana were preparing to go after a barn full of corn that had been discov- ered by a scout there. Mr. Shepherd was sent to hurrj' the command and LaGrange was, meanwhile, surrounded. His staff and officers held the position until aid arrived, LaGrange having a horse shot under him which Mr. Shepherd immediately replaced with one which had been ridden to the field by a rebel officer. After the Indiana troops came up " the rebel saddles were emjitied fast " and the Union com- mands were able to retire. The action was in progress in another portion of the field and continued until dark, when. Mr. Shepherd was sent to withdraw a Kentucky regiment, but found the place occupied by rebel Kentuckians and he withdrew without discovery. Retreat was ordered at midnight, and the 1st Wisconsin guarded the rear of 15,000 infantry. Daylight found them 15 miles from their former position and, as the rebels had gone the same distance in an opposite direction, 30 miles la}' between the contending forces of the previous day. Captain LaGrange, the brother of the General, was mortally wounded at Dandridge and was conveyed to Knoxville. Mr. Shepherd spent most of the nights foraging for the sick man, after skirmishing through the day. But he was materially assisted by a new variety of bushwhackers in that country who being for "we 'uns" afforded much help in obtaining sup- plies. While there the 1st Wisconsin engaged in several skirmishes and one battle in which a number of rebels and a half dozen pieces of artillery were captured. During the action, Mr. Shepherd was sent by Colonel I;a Grange to the company nearest the rebel artillery with orders to charge the cannon and to remain while the movement progressed, and it resulted in the capture of the pieces referred to. The guard attempted to escape through a cut and Mr. Shepherd shot one of the horses and a sergeant shot the rider and the cut was blocked. Soon after, the com- mand went to the Little Tennessee River. While there, Mr. Shepherd was one of a scouting party in North Carolina and be took back a noted stallion, "Copper Bottom," and another equally well known, "War Eagle" and a running mare. He kept the latter. Colonel La Grange taking Copper Bottom, and General McCook, War Eagle. March 12, 1864, the command went into camp at Cleveland, where the regiment re- cruited and skirmishing and scouting was again resumed. April 11th, 20 men were captured bj' the rebels. In May the regiment started on the Atlanta campaign and skirmished every day until arrival on the 7th at Varnell's Sta- tion. On the ijth, the regiment with the 2nd Brigade commanded by Colonel LaGrange, de- veloped the position ol Wheeler who was sup- ported by a division of infiintry. During the advance Mr. Shepherd was detailed to go to Major Torrey with orders instructing that offi- cer to advance rajiidly. On the route he dis- covered rebel artillery, infantry and cav- alry which seemed to him to comprise the whole confederate army. He deliv- ered the dispatches to Major Torre)-, report- ing what he had seen and returned to La Grange, who ordered a retieat. The rebels immediatel}' charged and in a few minutes Colonel La Grange was a prisoner in the hands of the rebeks, Mr. Shepherd being about 20 rods from him, but his excellent horse bore him to safety. She got a bullet in her foot and he received one in his leg, which he has carried ever since. La Grange saved the brigade from capture, by as- suring Wheeler that a large infantry force was in the adjacent woods. On the accession of Major Torrey, Mr. Shepherd acted on his staff as he had done on that of the former chief, 'i'lie regiment moved next to Buzzard's Roost and thence to Resaca, skirmishing all the way. May 21st, he was in a liot action and was in the charge five days later at Burnt Hickory. June 4th, he was in action at Ackworth and, two days later, at Big Shanty and .soon after came to Wisconsin with the horses of Colonel La Grange and another officer, who had been captured and he rejoined the regiment 12 days later at Lost Mountain. He was in constant skirmishes un- til the march to Howell's Ferry, July 1st. In 536 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF the action at Marietta he was on the top of Keii- esaw Mountain and witnessed the entire course of the tight. Ke was in tlie siege of Atlanta and in almost daily skirmishes. July '27th, a movement was made to the rear of Atlanta and the command was engaged in an action at Campbelltown. July 30th,|the regiment was in the raid on the Macon railrod near Jonesboro and in the rebel charge, Torrey, who liad been promoted to Lieutenant Colonel was killed. Mr. Shepherd says of him, "a braver soldier never rode a horse than Colonel Torrey; he was one of the best cavalry officers that went from Wis- consin and should have been a corps com- mander. No more reckless rider nor a rasher than General La Grange ever led his men to action." From Jonesboro the comand returned to Marietta and went thence to Cartersville, where Mr. Shepherd was mustered out Sept. 1, 1864. He was married May 13, 1874, to Martlia A. Phelps, and their children are Lulu L. and Lenox A. Mr. Shepherd is the General Land Agent of tlie Chicago & Northwestern railway corporation. (1888). His portrait appears on page 528. /f^ EORGE CROSBY, Fond du Lac, fy ^1. Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. >^^1 130, was born Dec. 13, 1847, in Os- ^"—"^^ wego. New York, and is the son of Jeremiah and Eliza (Green) Crosby. He came to Wisconsin with his parents when he was eight years old and the family located on a farm in Fond du Lac county until the spring of 1857, when they moved into the city. He was only 14 years old when the South opened the war of the rebellion and he was two months over 16 years old when he enlisted at Fond du Lac. He enrolled Feb. 19, 1864, in Company A, 14th Wisconsin Infantry, as a recruit, entering the service for three years. About the 1st of April, he joined the regi- ment at Vicksburg, after the main portion of the command had gone on the Red River ex- pedition, and he belonged to the organization known as "Worden's Battalion." The two por- tions of the regiment were not reunited until after the Atlanta campaign. Mr. Crosby was in the actions of that movement, and was in the several repulses of the rebels at Bald Hill on July 22nd, under General Leg- gett, by whose name the hill is now known. Towards night of that day he was one of a de- tail who moved a 12-pound howitzer iir.o the rebel infantry line and routed the rebels in their last charge. On the 28tli of July, at Ezra Church, he was in the movement of the battalion when they "doubled quicked" to as- sist the 15th Corps in repelling an expected charge of the rebels, which did not take place. He was also engaged in the destruction of the West Point railroad to cut off communications of the rebels from Atlanta. After the fall of that city the 14tli returned to assist in expell- nig Hood after the battle of Nashville, from Tennessee, and the regiment moved next to Clifton and thence to Eastport. During this period, recruits without equipments were con- stantly arriving, and the veterans who were sent back were required to surrender their arms to the new arrivals and await new supplies un- til they returned to Nashville, and "Worden's Battalion," with detachments from other regi- ments numbering several hundred, went back without arms. In the battle of Franklin, they narrowly escaped capture as they were un- armed, but they received new equipments be- fore the battle of Nashville. On the first day of the fight there, the battalion was under or- ders to charge a rebel fort, but was superseded by a cavalry force who made better time and made the charge, sup})orted by the battalion. From Eastport, Mr. Crosby went down the river to Vicksburg, having been engaged in a raid to Corinth in pursuit of guerrillas. On tliis raid great haste was made in order to re- turn to Eastport the same night, and the march was kept up until midnight, when the 72nd Illinois, connected with the command, began a musketry fire and the leaders, appi'ehensive of an attack along on the column, halted the com- mand and went into camp, after throwing out strong picket guards. By this stratagem a night's rest was obtained and march was re- sumed on the following morning. The bat- talion went from Vicksburg to New Orleans, and thence to take part in the reduction of Mo- bile, and Mr. Crosby was in the siege of Spanish Fort and at the evacuation of Mobile, when he went to Montgomery and was with the subse- quent movements of the regiment. He was mustered out Oct. 9, 1865, at Mobile, and re- turned to Fond du Lac. He has since been PERSONAL RECORDS. 537 connected with the fire department of that city and is Captain of Hose Company No. 1. (1888). His portrait is presented on page 528. «.^^<=«f-'«<5^ HARLES G. ODELL, a resident of Eagle Bend, Todd Co., Minn., is a member of Wood Post No. 100, De- partment of Minnesota and belongs to the Camp of Sons of Veterans of the same Department. He is also a member of the Order of Masonry, belonging to Federal Lodge, No. 1, at Washington, D. C, since 1861. He is Presi- dent of the Association of Crippled Union Sol- diers of the United States and a member of the Union Veteran's Union. He was born Nov. 25, 1836, in Cleveland, Ohio, and his deceased father, Jacob G. Odell, was a soldier in the Mexican war and, previous to that, was in the Seminole war in Florida ; he was afterwards a soldier of the Union in the war of the rebellion, being an enlisted man in Company E, 19th Wisconsin Infantry. He had two brothers who were pensioners of the war of 1812. The paternal ancestry of Mr. Odell dates back to the Mayflower and to two representa- tives of the family from the North of L'eland who came to America, one settling in Vermont and the other in Connecticut. The mother of Mr. Odell was Margaret Haskins before her marriage, and was of Welch descent. The sub- ject of this sketch came to Wisconsin in 1862. He enlisted in Company G, Berdan's Sharp- shooters and went to Washington where he was transferred to Company F, the Vermont com- pany. He remained in camp of instruction at Washington until March, 1862, when he went to Fortress Monroe, Va., and proceeded thence to Little Bethel, Big Bethel, and Siege of York- town and was there wounded, April 5, 1862, sustaining concussion of the brain from a blow on the head by a ball or shell, which felled him senseless to the ground. As he fell, his foot caught under the rails in a fence resulting in a strain which cracked the right femur. After- wards he caught cold while lying on the ground at White House, Va., and from this the cords of the right leg are permanently contracted, making it shorter than the other. He was conveyed first to the field hospital at Yorktown, May 4th ; upon the evacuation of that place, he went on a gunboat to West Point, Va. Wlien Franklin's division was engaged with tlie rel> els he left tlie boat and took a iiosition behind a stump and tired at the rebels until they were in retreat. He returned to the river to find the gunboat gone, and he went to White House Landing on foot and lay upon the ground througli a storm. He was discovered by Dr. Marshall, surgeon of his regiment, who exam- ined his case and, on finding the leg badly swollen, ordered him to go to the Landing whence he was sent to the general hospital on the corner of Broad and Cherry streets, Phila- delphia. The resulting condition of his leg was equal to its loss, and he was discharged from the last named hospital Aug. 2, 1862, on sur- geon's certificate of permanent disabilit\^ He is now drawing a pension. During the period of his service, be was adventurous and reckless and was in the habit of going into rebeldom with Truman Head, (California Joe), an old scout, with whom he often investigated the state of affairs in his vicinity among the con- federates. This was the cause of the only rep- rimand he ever received from the authorities, Colonel, (now General) Berdan once disapprov- ing his temerity. He was an independent vol- unteer and not amenable to surveillance and often ventured beyond the limits of prudence. After' receiving ilischarge he went to Wau- pun. Wis., and, wliile still on crutches, he kept a set of books for Starkweather & Elmore, hard- ware merchants, until appointed station agent at Kaukauna, on the line of the Chicago & Northwestern railway, and he also had charge of all goods shipped to and from Little Chute, there being no station house there at that date. While there he took the enrollment and served the notices upon those liable to draft in the 105th sub-district of Wisconsin. His next busi- ness was in tlie capacity of fireman and loco- motive engineer ou the Milwaukee & St. Paul railway. His wife became uneasy about the dangerous ri.sks in that position and he aban- doned it, receiving testimonials as to his effi- ciency from Dwight Goodrich, Superintendent of Motive Power, and P. M. Plumb, foreman of the shops at LaCrosse, Wis. He went to Eagle Bend, Minn., and engaged in general merchan- dising and, after two years servmg in the capacity of Notary Public in Todd county, he was commissioned as such for seven years. He was the first postmaster at Eagle Bend. Dur- 538 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF ing his residence in Wisconsin he acted for seven years as Justice of the Peace in Modena, and was also Town Clerk; he also taught school there and worked in tlie printing office of the Alma Journal as foreman for George W. Gilkey. He learned the printing business in the Whig office at Saratoga Springs, New York, in the employ of F. J. Huling. Mr. Odell was accepted in the F. & A. M. Lodge at West Ran- dolph, Vermont, but could not receive the de- grees as he left the place before thej' could be given and he received them under dispensation in Federal Lodge, No. 1, at Washington. He was afterwards a charter member of Lodge No. 148 at Alma, Wis. He was married to Mariva A. Rice in 1862, and they have had nine ciiildren, of wliom six are deceased. Lilly M. is the wife of Henry Lowrey of Melrose, Mmn. Hiram and Am- brose are the names of the two youngest chil- dren. Mi's. Odell is of Irish descent in remote degree, her parents having lieen of that nation- ality and born in St. Lawrence Co., New York. Mr. Odell is in favor of the Union and Amer- ica against all parties and foreign nations. His portrait may be seen on page 528. ■'-^t^--S't^$^l^'^*'S-^^^*<£~' , TEPHEN DURKEE, of Wausau, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 55, was born Nov. 6, 1830, in the town of Jackson, Washington Co., New York. He is the son of John and the grandson of Moses Durkee, and the latter was a soldier in the Revolution. He used to relate an incident in which he was brought in per- sonal contact with the Commander-in-Chief which illustrates the character of Washington. He was in a mess in which it was- the custom to distribute the effects of a comrade who went out on detached service from which he did not return and, on one occasion, on which a dispute arose, Washington was called as arbitrator. He enquired as to the custom in such instances and remarked, "Gentlemen, your custom is my law." The grandmother's name was Eunice Perigo. Their family included six children — three sons and three daughters. They were named Moses J., John, Joseph, Sarah, Nancy and Catherine. When he was eight years old, his parents removed to Clay, Onondaga Co., New York, and, eight years later, to the town of Taylor, Cortland county, where lie grew to manliood and resided tliere until August, 1855, when he emigrated to Wisconsin and located at Little Bull Falls, now Mosinee, on the Wiscon- sin River, in Marathon county. He was occu- pied in the calling of a lumberman in the var- ious avenues of that vocation until the spring of 1861. At that date he located at Big Eau Claire, now Scotield, and entered into a contract with Dickey cfe Daniels to pile lumber. He was occupied with tliat firm until he entered the army. Aug. 14, 1861, he enlisted in Com- pany G, 7tli Wisconsin Infantry, at Grand Rapids, Captain Samuel Stephens. The organ- ization was lirst known as the "Grand Rapids Union Guards." Mr. Durkee received honor- able discharge June 6, 1864, on account of wounds. He shared the fortunes and mis- fortunes of the Iron Brigade through its cam- paigns until the 1st day of July, 1863. About 4 o'clock p. M. he- received a musket shot in the left leg which caused a compound, comminuted fracture of the tibia. ' He was assisted from the field by his tentmate, Lyman Carpenter, who was killed June 18, 1864, in the trenches at Petersburg. Mr. Durkee was sent to the Theo- logical Seminary liospital, which was within the rebel lines during the remainder of the battle, and he has many pleasant memories of the kind and excellent treatment he received at the hands of his foes. He mentions tiiis in direct contrast to the conduct of Dr. Loring, of New York, who was in charge of the hos- pital. When the rebels took possession of the seminary, one of the surgeons ordered the wounded men to throw their cartridge boxes out of the window, but Mr. Durkee placed his under his rubber Ijlanket to make sure that it did not fall into the hands of the reljels. He received no surgical treatment until July 18th, when his leg was bandaged and lie was placed on the cars and transferred to York, Pa., for treatment and was cared for faithfully by Dr. Henry L. Palmer, of Janesville, Wis., 1st Sur- geon of the 7th Wisconsin Infantry. July 2ist the ball, which was compressed between the bones, was removed. He lay on his cot four months and a part of the time he was unable to assist himself. Dec. 10, 1863, he was trans- ferred to Harvey hospital at Madison, being still on crutches. During the journey to Mad- ison, Major General Couch took his papers to the quartermaster and obtained his transpor- PERSONAL RECORDS. 539 tation, although Mr. Durkee was unaware of the rank and identity of liis henefactor. The hospital corps consisted of Howard Culbertson, Drs. Faville and Brown, hospital steward Brooks, head clerk, T. D. Kanouse of Appleton, afterwards G. W. C. T. of the I. 0. of G. T. of Wisconsin, and Edward Kanouse, ward master, and to the special care of the latter Mr. Durkee attributes much advantage in his wounded condition. He is a resident of Wausau and a sketch of his life may bo found elsewhere in this volume. Mr. Durkee returned to his home in Wiscon- sin where he has since been a private citizen and has sustained his record in the field by his blameless career. He has otticiated three j'ears as Assessor, as Town Clerk four years, and has served continuously as .Justice of the Peace, since May, 1872. In 1887 he was made Town Treasurer and re-elected in 1888. He was married August 27, 1851, to Lydia, daughter of Benjamin and Rosannah Alexander, of Taylor, Cortland Co., New York. His family has in- cluded 14 children — Lydia, .John A., Harriet I, Albert C, Harriet (2nd), Hannah R., Mary E., Edgar A., Hattie J., Hiram B., Delbert J., Leroy S., Ella S., Ida M. The first Harriet and Albert died in infancy. The second child of that name died when a girl of 16 years. Hiram Alexander, brother of Mrs. Durkee, was a soldier in an Iowa regiment; he died of fever on the Yazoo River about the date of the wound of Mr. Durkee, the wife and sister re- ceiving information of the two events at the same time. James H., brother of Mr. Durkee, was a soldier in the 32nd Wisconsin. James D. Miller, a brother-in-law, enlisted in the 14th Wisconsin Infantry. Alonzo Priest, a cousin, belonged to the 6tli Wisconsin, Company H, and was transferred to Battery B, 4th U. S. Artillery. Mr. Durkee's portrait appears on page 528. ♦^>t^ ►-^^^^^f><5*^-"ff•-^^ :;v^^r HARLES FERGUSON, of Antigo, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 78, was born at Holderman, Canada, Feb. 18, 1850. He remained in the Dominion until December, 1863, when he came thence to Sheboygan, Wis., coming to the United States for the purpose of enlisting, and was 14 years and six days old, when his name was placed on the muster roll of E Company, 35th Wisconsin Infantry. He enrolled Feb. 24, 1864, at Port Washington for three years or during the war, and was discharged April 3, 186<), at Madison. He joined his regiment at Milwaukee, and went thence to St. Louis and to Port Hudson, La. In June he went to Morganizia Bend and was detailed for skirmish- ing on tlie Atchafalaya River. From Morgan- zia, after the return there, he went to New Orleans and later, was on guard duty to inter- cept rebels between Duvall's Bluff and Little Rock, Price being more active than interesting. In February, 1865, he went to New Orleans to prepare to join in the attack on Mobile. Late i in the month, he landed at Mobile Point and, a month later, went into position in front of Spanish Fort, and was in the siege until the evacuation, April 8tli. Fort Blakely surren- dered the day of tlieir arrival there, and they crossed the bay to Mobile, drove the rebels out of that city and I'roui Cold Springs and per- formed garrison duty at Mobile. While there the magazine explosion occuiTcd which was so disastrous to the soldiers and sunk the boats in the bay. In August, he went to Brownsville, Texas, where his regiment was mustered out March 15, 1866. During his stay there he was employed in guard duty in and around the town and made several trips on government business to Brazos Santiago. Mr. Ferguson returned to Sheboygan county and engaged in farming. In 1885 he bought a farm in Langlade county and lives at Antigo. He is the son of Richard and Emma (Preston) Ferguson, both natives of the Dominion. They had eight sons and six daughters. Mr. Fergu- son was married to Amanda Seeraann Oct. 23, 1883, and they have two children — Dora Ida May and Hattie Elonora. They have lost an infant son named Charles. Mrs. Ferguson is a native of Milwaukee; her parents were born in Prussia. At the siege of Spanish Fort, the 35th Wis- consin was supporting the 7th Massachusetts Battery, having for protection earthworks sur- mounted with logs. Mr. Ferguson was watch- ing the maneuvers of the rebel batteries, and seeing a solid, shot aimed at their position, he called out to his comrades and threw himself to the ground. The shot struck the logs down, one of them falling on his outstretched arms 540 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF and breaking both wrists. This accident to a boy, enlisted s^nnpathy at once and witliout delay the surgeon of the Bay State batteiy per- formed the necessary operations of setting the dislocations and fractures. The bones of the left wrist were imperfectly set and still protrude and occasion suftering, requiring bandaging for active labor. His portrait appears on page 528. •»-^>t^ -7>»^: ll^*«^-^>tf5<^ NDREW TURNBULL, of Grand Rap- ^ ids, Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 22, was born April 1, 1828, at New Glasgow, Nova Scotia, and he is the son of Daniel and Margaret (Mitchell) Turn- bull. His father wasof Scotch'extraction and his mother was born in Ireland. His maternal grandfather was a British soldier in the Revo- lution. He lived in his native province and bad good school advantages until he was 12 years old, when he engaged on a fishing vessel and was occupied in that business two years. At 14 he want to the Gulf of St. Lawrence to fit for the position of a pilot and, after spend- ing a season under competent instruction, he abandoned the business and engaged in the manufacture of anchoi-s and chains at Pictou, on the St. Lawrence River, for three years, when he engaged in farming and was occupied with agriculture until 1855, when he came to Wis- consin, and located at Grand Rapids, where he engaged in the saloon and grocery business, asso- ciated with his brother-in-law, Samuel Hingley. In 1853, while living at Tatamagouche, N. S., he was billeted to report at Halifax as a recruit for the Crimean service but was not mustered. Two yeai"s later he changed his business for that of a carpenter and, after a year, engaged in rafting on the Wisconsin River. He enlisted May 9, 1861, in Company D, 5th Wisconsin In- fantry at Grand Rapids for three years and, on the formation of his company was made Cor- poral under Captain Tlieodore B. Catlin. Dur- ing his service he was made Color Corporal. The regiment was in rendezvous at Camp Ran- dall and left the State in the last week in July for Washington, and in September was trans- ferred from the command which became the Iron Brigade, to that of General Hancock. In April, 1862, he was in a .skirmish at Young's Mills and supported a battery in the attack at Lee's Mills, participating in the siege of York- town and pursuing the rebels to fight at Wil- liamsburg. He was under fire at Savage Sta- tion, at White Oak Swamp Bridge and Malvern Hill. He was on the field at Antietani and in the battle of Fredericksburg, was wounded. A ball from a bursting shell killed a dru-nmer boy beside him and struck him over the heart, penetrating his clothing and making a bruised wound. It was too far spent to penetrate his body which would have been certain death. He was in the terrific charge at Marye's Heights in the battle of .Chancellors ville and went thence in pursuit of Lee and fought at Gettys- burg. He went North with his regiment to New York City to assist in quelling the riot and in enforcing the draft and returned to figlit at Rappahannock Station. He was in the engage- ment at Locust Grove and was next in battle in the Wilderness and May 5th he was wounded. It should have been stated previously, that he was promoted to 2nd Lieutenant May 9, 1863, and had been conspicuous on every field in which he had participated. In the attack on the rebel flank in which Companies D and G captured the 25tb Virginia with its colors, he was wounded by a rifle ball from a sharpshooter which passed through his right shoulder, tear- ing the cords and muscles; he was conveyed to the rear where it was ascertained that his blue overcoat had been pierced by 27 bullets. His wounds were dressed by Dr. Crane who sent him from the field hospital to report to Dr. Davis at Spottsylvania C. H., and he rode thither on his horse, wiiich chanced to be at the front. Dr. Davis sent him by transport to Washington and, as he was not wholly disabled, he was fur- loughed and allowed to return to Grand Rapids, where he remained until the expiration of his term of service, when lie went to Madison and was mustered out with his regiment Aug. 2, 1864. Up to the time of receiving his wound he was not absent a day from his regiment. After recovering, he resumed carpenter work in which he was occupied until 1885, when he was made City Marshal and is still filling the position. (1888.) Bj' his first wife, nee Margaret Hingley, he had four children. Bethiah is the only one living, who is married and lives in Columbus, Neb. Mary, Samuel and Sarah are deceased. Mr. TurnbuU was married in 1880 to Mary Davis. Her parents, John and Eliza- beth (Jarrett) Davis, were natives of Pennsyl- PERSONAL RECORDS. 541 vaiiia. She was born in Cayuga Co., N. Y. The portrait of Mr. Turnbull is presented on page 528. OHN HENRY ELKINS, deceased, for- merty a citizen of Waupun, Wis., and a charter member of G. A. R. Post No. 114, was born Dec. 2G, 1841, in Bur- nett, Dodge Co., Wis. He was the son of H. H. and Emil}^ (Rollins) Elkins and was a descend- ant of ancestral stock which fought in the Revolution. His father was born jMarch 31, 1813, in Grafton Co., N. H., and was the son of Josiah and Nancy Elkins. In 1834 he removed to White Pigeon, Mich., and, in May following, went to Milwaukee, where he was engaged in the service of the Government in the State survey and returned to White Pigeon in 1837 and was married Feb. Pith of that year. His wife was born Dec. 5, 1819, in Haverhill, N. H., and was the daughter of David and Emily Rollins. Not long after that event he removed to Chicago and thence to Wisconsin in 1842, when he located in the town of Burnett. At that date there were but four houses in the township and he was among the earliest set- tlers there. He attended the first political cau- cus held in Dodge county, which assembled at Highland Prairie. In 1851 he engaged in mercantile business, operating at the same time as a wheat buyer and also managed his farm. He continued his joint operations there until 1863. Mr. Elkins passed his early youth under the authority of his parents and received a common school education. He was at home on the farm until the date of the war, his father desir- ing tliat he should make agriculture his calling in life. He was a boy of unusual promise and the hope and pride of his parents, and they believed that he his best interest subserved in a farmer. He grew dissatisfied would find tiie life of and restless and determined to enter the army. He was only 18 wlien he did so, much against the wishes of his friends. He enlisted Aug. 21, 1862, in Company K, 29th Wisconsin Infantry for three years or during the war at Rolling Prairie. He was made Corporal of his com- pany Feb. 4, 1863, and, July 13th following. was made Sergeant. July 22, 1864, he was promoted to Oixlerly Sergeant for valor on the field and for manliness of character and con- spicuous abilities, receiving his promotion from Col. Wm. A. Green with words of high com- mendation. Mr. Elkins left the State with his regiment Nov. 2, 1862, moved to Cairo and thence to Helena, Ark. In January he was in an expe- dition up the White River and was in a skir- mish at Duvall's Bluff. He returned to Hele- na and started in February on another expedi- tion to the Yazoo River, returning agaui to Helena in Marcii. In April he went with a detail commanded by the captain of his com- pany to a conquering expedition against the rebels on the St. Francis River, just m time to accompany the brigade to join Grant at Vicks- burg. He was in the skirmish at Magnolia Church and fought the next day at Port Gib- son. This was a sharp action and the first heavy battle in which the " 29th " was engaged. Company K particularly distinguished itself. Mr. Elkins fought at Champion's Hill and in the siege of Vicksburg. He was in the battle of Jackson and, after the transfer of the regi- ment to the Gulf Department, was in the Teche expedition and went, afterwards to Texas. He was in the Red River expedition and fought at Sabine Cross Roads. He aided in the construction of the famous Bailey's dam and, afterwards, went to Morgan- zia. He was seized with illness about the last of 1864, the result of exposure to cold and hard- ship and, after passing some time in the hos- pital at Mound City, 111., he returned home on sick furlough. After recuperating to some ex- tent, he rejoined his regiment and was soon after discharged from the service at the general hospital at Mound City, receiving his release from military allegiance to his country, April 28, 1865. He left the army in impaired health but with unabated energy and ambition and went, soon after, to Racine to learn the chosen busi- ness of his boyisii ambitions, with his uncle, John Elkins, a jeweler. Having acquired a comprehensive understanding of the trade, he located at Waupun in the autumn of 1867 and was engaged in that avocation until his death. May 6, 1868, he was married to Miss ^I. E. Collier, who died Jan. 9, 1875. March 15, 1876, he was married to Miss Eva Heath, who, with his three daughters, Edith and Mamie by his 542 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF first wife, and Emily by the latter, survive him. Tliroughout liis life Mr. Elkins sustained the character he earned as a soldier. He possessed a brave, true, indomitable spirit, which kept him in active life long after his health was hopelessly undermined. He was honored and esteemed in liis business associations, beloved b}' his friends and a prominent and popular "comrade" among army as.sociates. During the two last years of bis lite lie was deeply inter- ested in his connection with Company L, 2nd Regiment, Wisconsin National Guards, and to that organization he devoted all tlie ability and knowledge of military tactics he had acquired in tlie army until tlie regimen and drill of the company was sucli as to reflect the greatest credit on liimself and his comrades. He was prominent also in the Orders of Masonry and Odd Fellows and his obsequies were conducted according to the rituals of tlie several organiza- tions to which he belonged. The portrait which may be found on page 528 of Mr. Elkins was copied from a photo- graph taken in 1878. •-J't^ -^s"^*^^^^^-''^^*:^ ^^T-'ILLIAM H. TEAL, of Weyauwega, Wis., and a soldier of the Mexi- can war, was born at Matilda, Canada, Feb. 18, 1828. His pa- ternal grandfather, Cyrus Teal, came from England to America, arriving in time to fight in the war ot the Revolution, and died wben 97 years of age, his wife dying two years later, aged 99 years. The maternal great grandpa- I'ents, were natives of Prussia and came to America about 1780, and located at Stone " Rubbie," Montgomery Co., New York. Ma- thias Link was a soldier of the Revolution and lie and his wife were murdered by Indians con- nected with the British army, who made sor- ties from the British fortifications among the people. Mar}' M. Link, the mother of Mr. Teal was born in Canada, and was the grand daughter of Mathias Link. She married Cyrus Teal in January, 1827, still living at Stevens Point, and is 81 years old, (1888.) She is in full possesion of her faculties and is the object of devoted affection for her fine traits of char- acter. Cyrus Teal was born in New York in 1786, and was a cabinet maker and millwright. He removed fi'om the Empire State to Canada, and was married to Matilda Link in 183<1 On the advent of the struggle called the Pa- triot or McKenzie's war in the Dominion, he went tlience to Clyde, Wayne Co., New York, and removed lo Wisconsin in the fall of 1845, locating at .Janesville. In 1855, he located at Weyauwega and died, aged 69 years, in 1878. His family included nine children and all are living excejit a son wlio fell on the battle field. Mr. Teal was eight years old when his parents removed to New York. He passed his j'outh at scliool and in clerking and endeavored to fulfil a desire to enter the ministry of the Episcopal Church by studying two years, but the illness of his mother pre- vented. He was 17 when he came to Wiscon- sin and in the following year he enlisted as a recruit for the Mexican war in tlie loth U. S. Infantry and was assigned to the division of Worth in Scott's command as a musician. He went to Vera Cruz witli the regiment and fol- lowed the fortunes of the command until he received honorable discharge at Cincinnati, Ohio, Aug. 4, 1848. After his release lie was ill from malarial disease, contracted in Mexico while in the line of duty. The illness cost him ail he had earned and his land warrant also. He was treated in Mdwaukee, and went thence to Fond du Lac, Wis., where he learned the trade of a tinner. In 1850 he went to Chicago and worked until 1856 when lie was obliged to change bis vocation I'or one better adapted to liis state of health, as he was still suft'ering from tlie effects of sunstroke received in Mexico. He came to Weyauwega in March of the year men- tioned and embarked in the hardware business and has continued to prosecute his interests in that direction ever since. When intelligence of the attack on the Star of the West in Charles- ton harbor reached Chicago, Mr. Teal was there purchasing goods and enlisted, under the first impulse, for three months. On examination be was rejected on account of disability. Dur- ing the civil war lie enlisted four times, to be rejected. He was drafted twice and twice re- jected. His desire to enlist awakened a spirit among enlisting men and he was elected 1st Lieutenant of Company B, 14th Wisconsin In- fantry, but was discovered by the captain who defeated his purpose by expo.sing his disability. Mr. Teal had four brothers in the service. L. E. Teal enlisted in the 20th Wisconsin In- fantry and was killed in action at Prairie Grove, PERSONAL RECORDS. 543 Ark., in the same battle with Gen. Lyon. L. D. Teal was a soldier in the 8th Missouri. Peter and George Teal enlisted in the 14th Wisconsin and were in the campaigri with Grant follow- ing "Unconditional Surrender" to the collapse of the rebellion. Mr. Teal of this sketch married Lelia Landon, daughter of A. W. S. T. Lavinia, a prominent lawyer of Chicago. The union took place in 1853 and they have had seven children, three of whom died in infancy. Thi'ee of the sur- vivors are married and have families. Mr. Teal is one of the most enthusiastic patriots in his locality. Disappointed in his desire to enroll as a soldier for the Union, he aided in every other way which lay in his power. He reflects the spirit of the Union army which made victory in that awful struggle possible to the North. ■.^;?t>>-i>i>^^<^*rC^<5*f-. ENRY SCHMIDT, Manitowoc, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 18, was born Feb. 20, 1840, at Halle, Braunschweig, Germany. He was 17 years of age when, in 1857, he came to America and located at the place in which he has since been a resident. He was married Jan. 7, 1859, to Julia Zinns at Manitowoc. Their children are named Josephine, Matilda, Albert, Rosa and Willie. Mr. Schmidt has been prosecuting the business of a liveryman at Manitowoc since 1876. He enlisted Sept. 23, 18G1, in Company B, 9th Wisconsin Infantry at Manitowoc for tliree years. He was made Cor})oral in the course of his service and received honorable discharge Dec. 4, 1864, at Milwaukee, the period of his enlistment having expired. Following is the roster of his principal battles : Pine Bluff, Lit- tle Rock, Jenkins Ferry, Prairie d'Ane, Cam- den, Newtonia, Prairie Grove, Rheas' Mills, Pea Ridge and many others. At Camden and again at Jenkins Ferry he was nearly captured by the rebels. At the former place, the regi- ment was guarding the rear in the retreat and was harassed by Texan rangers. Mr. Schmidt was struggling to assist a wounded comrade to keep up when the rebels came upon them and they escaped with great difficulty. His rubber blanket was folded and strapped to his knap- sack and a shot cut 32 holes in it. At Jenkins Ferry the comj)any was detailed as skirmishers and the whole squad narrowlj' escaped capture in a fierce onset by the rebels. They had to cross an open field under fire, closely pursued by the butterments. After the capture of Cam- den the command of Steele was attacked by the rebels who had brought disaster on the expedi- tion of Banks and for a month, wliile getting back to Little Rock the fighting continued every day. Tlie engagement at Jenkins Ferry closed the chase, the rebels being repulsed. Their repeated charges throughout the pursuit were repulsed in every instance until they re- ceived a satisfactory thrashing. •.^>t^*-:>t^»^^<^«^-^^tf*tf^ HARLES J. ELLIS, of Marinette, Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 207, was born Jan. 31, 1838, in Old Town, Penobscot Co., Maine. He came of New England stock, of the quality that estab- lished the Government on a permanent basis and has in his veins the blood of ancestors who participated in the struggle for independent existence as a Nation. His father, William Ellis, was the son of a Revolutionary patriot, and was born in Topsham, Maine ; lie married Miranda Pattee, a daughter of a family whose history was incorporated with that of the Pine Tree State in its earliest period. Mr. Ellis was 23 years old when the war of the rebellion monopolized the attention of the civilized world, and answered to the first sum- mons of his country. April 25th, 1861, 10 days after the first call of President Lincoln for troops, he enlisted at Old Town in Company K, 2nd Maine Volunteers. He enrolled for three months and was mustered into the State ser- vice, the regiment being the finst to leave the State. Wliile on the way to New York to be connected with the military service of the United States, the measles broke out in the regiment and the command was sent to Wil- lett's Point, into quarantine, where they re- mained until after the quota of troops was filled. Three-months men were no longer needed and the regiment re-enlisted for three years or during the war. May 27th they pro- ceeded to Washington and went into camp at Meriden Hill, where the 2nd Wisconsin was 544 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF stationed. Soon after, the command was as- signed to the brigade of General Keyes, Army of the Potomac, and fought in the battle of Bull Run. It suffered heavily in killed and wounded in that conflict, and in the retreat, fell back to Washington, going into camp afterwards at Arlington Heights, where it remained through- out the whiter of 1S61-2, moving to Hall's Hill in the spring, prior to the Peninsular campaign. The regiment was connected with the move- ments known to history as belonging to that fruitless series of operations and Mr. Ellis was in active service at the Siege of Yorktown and Hanover C. H. In the latter action he re- ceived a severe wound, a bullet striking him in the left side of his face posterior to the left jaw, passing under and shattering the bone, break- nig out several of his teeth and cutting off an inch of his tongue and passing out of the right side of his mouth. He was taken to a tempo- rary hospital and after 30 days received a fur- lough from Fitz .John Porter, 'commanding the Provisional Corps to which the 2nd Maine Reg- iment had been assigned. (His brigade was. commanded by General Martindale.) Arriving at New York, he was unable to proceed and went to the Ladies' Home Hospital, on the corner of 21st street and Lexington avenue, where he remained about a month. He then applied for a discharge and went home, his papers releasing liim from military service, fol- lowing in due course of time. On the for- mation of his company lie was made Corporal, was promoted to Sergeant, afterwards to Ser- geant-Major and was discharged as such. Oak- man E. Ellis, his brother, was a soldier ni the 28th Maine Infantry, and served in a nine- months regiment. Mr. Ellis was bred in his native State to in- dustry as the only basis of manhood and citi- zenship, and to this theory and practice of "New England can be directly traced the prosperity and permanence of the Republic. In early youth he was sent to the common school and, as soon as he had attained to the requisite de- gree of size and strength, he began life as a laborer, finding employ in the lumber industry of Maine. He was so engaged to the date of his enlistment, and after his return home and recovery, he resumed his occupation in the mills where he had formerly worked. In the autumn of 1863 he came West to Peshtigo, Wis., and passed the succeeding winter in the woods as a scaler of logs. In the next year he came to Marinette and entered the employ of the N. Ludington Lumber Companj' as a clerk, re- maining in tliat connection until the spring of 1866, when he became book-keeper in the in- terests of the Kirby, Carpenter Co., occupying the position three years. In the spring of 1869 he accepted a situation with the business or- ganization known as the Menominee River Boom Company, and was elected its Secretary and Treasurer, and discharged the duties of his trust for 16 years. Since 1875 he has been pressing his individual interest in the manufac- ture of cedar posts and ties. The abilities and reliable character of Mr. Ellis have been recognized and utilized in various public capacities. In 1871 he was made Treasurer of the town of Marinette and operated in that capacitj^ five years. During that time he served a year on the School Board. He is present (1888) Poor Commissioner of Marinette. In 1877 he was commissioned Poistmaster of Marinette by Presi'ient Hayes and was reappointed by President Arthur, serv- ing through his term until 1886, serving nine successive years and discharging the obligations of the position in a manner creditable to him- self and satisfactory to the public. He was made first Commander of the Grand Army Post at Marinette and is its present AdjutiUit. The marriage of Mr. Ellis to uartha J. Oakes took place Oct. 1, 1864, and they have four surviving chiKlreii — Fannie 0., l^luirles Oak- mpii, Sidney C. and Howard. Helen 0. died at six months old. William Oakes, tlie father of Mrs. Ellis, was a citizen of Maine, and be- longed to one of tht^ early families who settled there. The career and character of Mr. Ellis may be considered representative. Lii this country, which is founded on personal effort and where every resource has been developed by labor of head or hand, every man who has contributed ijy muscle or brain to the grand result which is manifest in all sections and in all business con- nections, is a fixctor in the sum total of achieve- ment whose relations command recognition. While no man of the several classes referred to may take precedence, his successes are no less prominent and his life-work stand forth as in- estimably valuable and influential. Hence, the records of tlie laborer, the soldier, the busi- ness man and honorable citizen form an addi- tion to the solidity and stability of American institutions. Such are the relations which Mr. PERSONAL RECORDS. 545 Ellis and thousands of, others of similar char- acter hold to the history of the past and the promise of the future. AMES K. POLK COON, of Merrill, Wis., Commander of Lincoln Post No. 131, G. A. R. in 1880, was born at West Edmes- ton, Otsego Co., New York, Sept. 27, 1844. When he was four years old he went to De- posit, N. Y., and, five j'ears later, to Nile, in Allegany County in that State. At 17 he made his entrance into active life as a defender of the flag, under which he was born to man- hood's highest privileges. When he became convinced that the rebellion of the South was not an event of a moment, he resolved to risk the fate of war and became a soldier. He en- listed at Friendship in Allegany county, in Company C, 85th New York Volunteer Infan- try, Oct. 14, 1861, for three years. He received lionorable discharge at Elmira, New York, April 24, 1865, his term of service having ex- pired and the end of the war being at hand. The quality of the service experienced by Mr. Coon included every variety afforded bj'^ the civil war. He was not spared one feature of its severity, and can tell the story of rebel diabolism from personal acquaintance with every detail. He went from the camp of ren- dezvous at Elmira to Washington where the command was assigned to the Casey Division. With little delay Mr. Coon was in active war- fare. He was in the siege of Yorktown in Ma\', 1862, and, on the evacuation of that place, fol- lowed the rebels to Williamsburg. Thence he went to Fair Oaks and participated in the seven days fights in the swamps of the Chickahominy in the early summer of 1862. He accompa- nied McClellan's Arraj' on the retreat to Harri- son's Landing and fought and skirmished all along the route to Fortress Monroe. Thence the command proceeded to Suffolk where the 85th New York was detailed to aid in the de- fense of the advanUiges gained in the capture of the navy yard at Norfolk and in that por- tion of Virginia. The command camped for a time on the Blackwater River and in Novem- ber, 1862, went from Suffolk to Newbern, N. C, on transports, leaving all baggage and Mr. Coon was two months without change of cloth- ing. He was in the campaign along the Une of railroad between Newbern and Goldsboro, engaged in its destruction and was under rebel hi'e seven successive days. From there the reg- iment went to Roanoke Island about Maj', 1, 1863, and thence to Plymouth, the northern outpo.st of the U. S. forces, where they remained until April 17th, engaged in skirmishing and outpost duty. Sunday, April 17, 1865, late in the daj', the Union pickets were driven in and soon after tlie attack on Fort Gray commenced. On the following day, hot war was at hand and the rebel iron-clad ram, "Albemarle " taking a hand in the contest, prevented reinforcements and rendered the fleet of Union gunboats use- less. On the third day, Brigadier-General H. W. Wessels, one of the bravest of the Union offi- cers, surrendered with his whole force. At noon of the 2Lst the soldiers started for the " interior of Secessia," througli Foster's Mills, .lamesville, to Williamston, tlience to Hamilton and toTar- boro. There the prisoners, 2,197 in number, started for Goldsboro in the worst possible de- scription of cars, traveling like cattle and worse. From Goldsboro, they went to Wilmington and thence to Charleston, Savannali, Macon, Ga., and Andersonville, which had been, since the preceding fall, tlie Gehenna of Southern pris- ons. (Sumter Co., Ga.) For a full account of the experiences there, the reader can see the story written by Sergeant-Major Kellogg, of the 16th Connecticut, who, in " Life and Death in Rebel Prisons" has given full details of all that was suffered and endured l)y Mr. Coon and others. Sept. 6, 1864, the news came to the prisoners that they were to be exchanged and, three days later, the detachment to which Mr. Coon was assigned, started for Charles- ton, where they were undeceived and learned that their removal had been caused by the lively and entertaining movements and appar- ent intentions of General Sherman, (Uncle Billy). For a month they occupied the race- course,witli all the horrors that had accompanied them from Andersonville, while the stockade prison at Florence was being prepared for them. About the 8th of October, Mr. Coon found him- .self there and the horrors of the route of travel eclipsed everything previously undergone. Mr. Coon determined to escape at the hrst opportun- ity that presented a reasonable chance of suc- cess, and he succeeded in the ettort Jan. 3, 1805. He, with four others, set out on his way North 546 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF hut his ahseiice was soon discovered and he was tracked hy bloodhounds to be taken on the banks of the Little Pedee River seven days af- ter flight. The squad of captured men, Mr. Coon, Billy Fay, John Moore, Alvia Jordan and George Benjamin of the same regiment were taken to Wilmington and while they were there the fall of Fort Fisher occurred, the guns being distinctly heard 25 miles distant. From Wilmington they went to Goldsboro and Ral- eigh and thence to the stockade prison at Sali.s- bury, short stops being made at either place on account of the exceedingly uncertain opera- tions of "Uncle Billy." Feb. 2G, 1865, a change came which was preliminary to the end. On that day the prisoners left Salisl)Ui-y for a march of 52 miles to Greenboro, where they were " carred " for Goldsboro, to be paroled. There the host of emaciated, ragged, starved men were turned loose to make their way to Wilmington where Mr. Goon arrived March 1st. (See sketch of J. H. Jenkins and C. C. Mitchell). History is still eloquent over the sufferings of Valley Forge and reeks with In- dian horrors but on recorded pages of ancient or modern annals of barbarities or endurance of humanity, nowhere is there a parallel for all that was borne by Union soldiers at the hands of the rebels of the South. The proces- sion that staggered, crawled, run, walked and limped its way to the shelter of the Stars and Stripes at Wilmington will, we trust in God, never again be duplicated in the history of in- humanity. From Wilmington, Mr. Coon went to the Parole Camp at Annapolis, where he was ill with fever. He had passed the period of delirium and the first rays of his consciousness were illumined with the intelligence of the surrender of the rebel chief at Appomattox. The soldiers tore down their barracks and ap- propriated every combustible they could lay their hands on to swell the blaze of the bon- fires, which sent towards the heavens their ex- pression of delight. Mr. Coon received a fur- lough and started " for home and mother." Until he wrote to her from Annapolis she had supposed him dead. He reached home the night that the President was assassinated — April 14th. Mr. Coon did not attempt any business until the expiration of a year. In 1866 he com- menced the manufactiu-e of cheese in which he was occupied for 12 years. In 1878 he became a citizen of "Jenney," now Merrill, and was at first in the employ of P. B. Champagne. In the spring of 1879 he went to Illinois where he made cheese in the vicinity of Peoria two years, retaining his residence in Wisconsin. In 1880 he became a permanent resident in the Badger State and again entered the employ of Mr. Champagne in November. June 7, 1881, that gentleman opened a general mercantile busi- ness which was placed under the management of Mr. Coon. Dec. 10, 1884, the P. B. Cham- pagne Lumber Co. was formed with Mr. Coon as its Secretary and Treasurer. He acted in that capacity until July 1, 1886, when he rested from active labor and attended the 20th anni- versary of the G. A. R. at San Francisco, Cal. Feb. 1, 1887, he became associated with Mr. J. W. Bruce, (see sketch), in real estate and insur- ance business and they are at present writing (1888) engaged in a popular and prosperous business. Mr. Coon has been prominent in the interests of the Grand Army organization and in 1886 and 1887 acted as Aide-de-Camp on the staff of General Lucius Fairchild by appoint- ment. He was married Dec. 5, 1865, to Alice V. Withey and their children are Mamie G. and Georgia Prue. Mr. Coon is the .son of Elijah H. and Prudence C. (Bowler) Coon, natives of Rhode Island. Two brothers of Mr. Coon were in the service during the war. Morgan was in the 52nd Pennsylvania and returned in safety. Courtland J. was in the navy and was with General Terry at Fort Fisher. Mr. Coon was an alternate delegate at large to represent the G. A. R. of the State of Wisconsin in the 22d Na- tional encampment held at Columbus, Ohio, the second week in September of the current year (1888). OHN M. SCHWEERS, Shawano, Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 81, was born in Germany, Dec. 13, 1835, and is the son of Christian and Anna(Krauger) Schweers, who removed with their family to America in 1860, and made a location at Sha- wano, where they lived until their respective deaths. Mr. Schweers was 19 years old wlien he came to America, and had received a good education in his native country. Four of his brothers are living. Fred S., was a soldier in PERSONAL RECORDS. 547 the 32iicl Wisconsin, and his sketch ;n.i)cars on another page. August was a sailor on a trans- port connected with the command of Butler, and is a resident of Shawano. Peter is en- gaged in the real estate business at the same place. William Schweers was a lieutenant of light artillery in Charleston, and fought in the confederate army. He died in Charleston, Au- gust 16, 1865, of cholera. The sister of Mr. Schweers married H. Naber, of Shawano. When Mr. Schweers came to America in 1855, he located in Wisconsin and was in Dodge county when the war came on. He was among the first to enlist and enrolled April 22, 1861, under the tirst call for three months vol- unteers, the company expecting to be enrolled in the first regiment that left the State, but companies reported so fast that the Dodge county organization was enrolled for the 3rd regiment as Company H, and befoi-e the com- mand left tlie State it was mustered into the three years service. Mr. Schweers went to the war as a private, and was made 2nd Sergeant soon after ; after the battle of Cedar Mountain he was made Orderly Sergeant. After the bat- tle of Chancellorsville, he was promoted to 2nd Lieutenant, and in 1863 he was made 1st Lieu- tenant. After the battle of Atlanta he was pro- moted to Captain of his company, of which he had been in command for some time. His promo- tions were for bravery on the field, and he was with the regiment from the time it left the State in .June, 1861, to his discharge, July 25, 1865, and was in the hard fought battles in which it was engaged witliout exception, and was never sick a day or had a day's leave of absence during the whole period. He was with his company when on an expedition to Bolivar, near Harper's Ferry, to take possession of a quantity of grain, and was in the actions during the progress of the regiment to Western Virginia, in the fight at Cedar Mountain, at Antietam, Chancellorsville and Gettysburg, and was transferred to the Army of the Cumljer- land and went to Tennessee, where he veteran- ized. He was in the battle of Re.saca, and in the actions which followed the rebel retreat, fighting at Dallas and Pine Knob, and was in the action at Peach Tree Creek. After the cap- ture of Atlanta, he went to the sea with Sher- man, having fought at Lookout Mountain. While in the front of Atlanta, he was sitting in his tent writing, when a shell fell in their midst and killed Captain Orton. Mr. Schweers was in all the varied service in the march to the sea, and fought near Blufi' Church, N. C, and afterwards at Averysboro and Bentonviile. He was in the closing marches and in tlie (irand Review before he returned to Louisville, to be mustered out as stated. After the war he returned to Shawano and engaged in the hard- ware business, which he has pursued with suc- cess. He is a man of prominent ability and has won his position in civil life, as in military, by liis own efforts. He was one of the first to move in the establishment of a local post, and was the first commander of '"81." He has been on the staff' of the State Commander. He has been prominent in the progress and pros- perity of Sliawano, served six years as County Clerk, has officiated as Sheriff and Treasurer, and is Supervisor of Shawano. (1888.) He was married Jan. 10, 1864, to Theresa Koger, while at home on veteran furlough. Three' children are living named John F., Frank S. and Mary. •^T AMES J. PERRY, of Wausau, Wis., a member of G. A. R. Post No. 55„ is a native of (Jonstable, Franklin Co., New York, where he was born Feb. 20, 1828. He was a resident of that place until he was five years of age, when his parents removed with their family to Orville, Ashtabula Co., Ohio. Six years after they made another transfer of their interests to Illinois, where the son remained until 1851, when he became a citizen of Wisconsin, locating at Wausau. There and at Stevens' Point, he has since lived. His business, with the exception of his army service and five years passed in varied engage- ments, has been rafting and piloting on the river. Dec. 25. 1861, he enlisted in tlie 8th Wiscon- sin Battery, for three years, enrolling at Wau- sau. The rendezvous of the battery was at Camp Utley, Racine, which they lelt Marcli 18th of the next year for St. Louis, and remain- ed at Benton Barracks until the first of April, when the command went up the Missouri River to Fort Leavenworth, whence they marched to Fort Scott and thence to Fort Riley to take part in the New Mexico Expedition, which was abandoned and the battery returned 548 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OP to Leaven wortli City. From there they went to Cohimbns, Ky., and marched to Huml)oldt, where tliey performed guard duty on the rail- road until the first day of July. Thence to Corinth, and luka, encountering a considerable body of rebels who gave them their first taste of rebel powder, transfer to the Army of the Tennessee, marching to Nashville whence they went to i)artici])ate in the battle of Perryville, were the succeeding experiences. After the ac- tion and during the same day, the battery fol- lowed the rebels to Crab Orchard and, on the way, shelled them from their position at Lancaster, whence they returned to Nashville. In I)eceml)er they went to con- nect themselves with the force g ithering for the light at Stone River, where they made a famous record in a special action on the second day. They were assigned to the com- mand of Rosecrans, whom they accompanicHl to Tullahonia and moved with the cor})s of Mc- ('ook, taking jiart in the light at Chickamauga, retiring to Chattanooga and crossing the Ten- nes.see at Moccasin Point with Turchin's brig- ade to aid in the most glorious fight of the West at Mission Ridge. Returning to Nash- ville, Mr. Perry veteranized Jan. 20, 1804, and passed his furlough at home. He rejoined his battery at Murfreesl)oro, wliicli was assigned to the garrison of Fort Rosecrans, wliere the com- mand remained until the termination of the war. He received honorable discharge Aug. 10, imr>, at Milwaukee. He is the son of l*]benezer and Sarah ^Canlp- Ijell) Perry, his father being a native of New Hampshire and second cousin of Commodore Perry, with whom he fought in the battle on Lake I]rie in 1812 and was wounded. He was carrying the trail of_a gun when the piece was struck by a cannon ball and himself ])aralyzed l)y the shock. He had been a .soldier oi the Revolution and held the rank of captain in the United States navy. Asa Perry, his brother, uncle of Mr. Perry of this account, was a cap- tain of infantry in 1812 and died at Troy, Walworth Co., Wis. Alfred, a brother of M"r. Perry, was an enlisted man of the 8tli Wiscon- sin Battery and died of pneumonia at Camp Utley. He is buried at Wausau, Wis. One of tlie incidents of Mr. Perry's ex})erience is a .samj)le of the narrow chances of the battle field. At the Stone River fight, he and a comrade were carrying the wounded fronr the Held and placing them in ambulances, when they lifted a wounded man, whose hands were closely locked. His cap fell to the ground and Mr. Perry stoop- ed to recover it. As he did so his assistant was hit in his head by a .shot and his brains were distributed over the person of Mr. Perry, who was saved by his bent position to pick up the caj). Mr. Perry is unmarried. -^Yy#"ASHINGTON IRVING RAMS- J'l^j// DELL, deceased, formerly a resi- ^\y dent of Marion, Waupaca Co., Wis., whose memory is perpetu- ated in the name of Post I. Ramsdell, No. 79, was born Jan. 26, 1835, at Sboreham, Addison Co., Vt. He is the son of Erastus Ramsdell, of whom a sketch appears on another page. He came with the family' of his father to Wiscon- sin and at the date of the precipation of the rel)ellion was engaged in the transportation service on Lake Michigan. He owned a vessel in company with his brotlier, Daniel A., of whom a sketch is presented elsewhere. At the termination of a trip in the summer of 18(il, they learned at Manitowoc of the disaster at Bull Run. They had discussed the chances of the war and had determined to enter the United States navy. But on talking the matter over at home, their mother remarked that " if she were a man she should enlist in the army." That settleil the matter and the day following, Daniel enlisted in the 14th W'isconsin Volun- teer Infantry. It was impossible for both to go until their business was arranged and Irving returned to the transportation traffic on the lake until he could arrange to make the desired change. As soon as the vessel was in winter quarters he hastened to Fond du Lac where the regiment had rendezvoused and arrived there on the day the inspections were being made. The work had just begun and Daniel A. Rams- dell was the first to pass the necessary exam- ination. Irving was the second and he pa.ssed examination previous to enlistment. He im- mediately after enrolled in B Company (Dec. 20, 1862.) He was made Second Lieutenant and March 18, 1864, resigned to re-enlist as a veteran. June 10, 1805, he was made First Lieutenant. He was in the actions at Shiloh, April 7, 1802 at luka, September 19, Corinth, Oct. 3, Siege of Vicksburg, from May 1st to PERSONAL RECORDS. 549 July 4th, 1863, and in the siege of Atlanta., in 1864. He mtirched through tlie Carolinas with Sherman's army and received honorable dis- charge at Mobile, Ala., Oct. !), 1865, after a .ser- vice of four years and ten months. At Shiloh a bullet passed through his hat and tvvQ through his blouse. At Vicksburg, May 2, 1863, a bullet passed into his head below his left eye, went arovmd his head and lodged in his right ear. None of these sent him from the field and in all his military experience he did not once go to the hospital for treatment. His brother was severely wounded in the same cliarge, but Irving only waited long enough to say "good-bye." Tlie action of that day was one of the severest to which they were subjected. The charge mentioned was made with 32 men and but 16 responded to their names at roll- call. Mr. Ramsdell returned to Wisconsin after the war and in 1869, located at Marion. He died there of consumption -June (i, 1873. He left a wife and two children. Pearl is now an inter- esting young lady. The oldest is a son named Charles. Mrs. Ramsdell is now the wife of John Seigert of Marion. -^»^ -i»;^i^^«^«c=- >^i<^ RSEMUS MORRIS SIMONDS, of Plover, Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 149, was born August 1, 1827, at Wyoming, N. Y. He is a descendant of Yankee stock, his maternal grand- father, Joseph Bnttrig, removing in the early history of the country from Connecticut to New York. His father, Shubael Simonds, was born at Cooperstown, Otsego Co., New York, in 1796. His mother, Polly (Buttrig) Siniond.?, was born in Connecticut and went to the State of New York with her father. She is survived by six children: — Pamelia, Sarah, Morris, Adeline, Harriet and Ciiauncy. Mr. Simonds of this sketch was born in Wyoming county. New York, and, until he was 24 years old, lie was variously engaged in his native State, removing in 1851, to Ionia, Mich., where he became interested in lumbering. In 1856 he came to Plover where he was a I'esident until the period of the civil war. He enlisted August 12, 1862, in Company E, 32nd Wisconsin Infantry. Ho joined the regi- ment at Oshkosh and accompanied the com- mand to Memphis. He was first in action at Colliersville, 30 miles east of Memphis, and he afterwards was a participant in several en- gagements with the rebel Forrest. After partici- pating in the siege of Vicksburg, he went on the Meridian expedition and assistc^d in the desti'uc;- tion of an arsenal and railroads and other rebel property and returned to X'lcksburg. On their way there they camped overnight at Hdlsboro and several men who were not well dropped in the rear of the command just in front of tin; rear guard. Not long after posses of citizens rode out of the woods into the road and began to fire on the helpless men, killing several of them; one boy 18 years old received five wounds. The affair was reported to General Sherman and, by his express order, the town of Hillsboro was burned in retaliation. The regiment went from \'ieksburg to Cairo iind moved thence to Pa- ducah to assist in the repulse of Forrest. Mr. Simonds and a detail of his comrades were or- dered to the relief of the fort and they went thither on a steamboat and got inside without the knowledge of the rebels. On the following morning Forre.st sent a flag of truce and a de- mand to surrender and the officer in charge, General Matthias, sent word to- him to come along and bring some boards for coffins as he did not propose to surrender and it was probii- ble some of the rebels would be killed. After Forrest retired, they went to Decatur and were sent next to Atlanta. Mr. Simonds was in con- stant action in the siege of Atlanta 55 days and, after the occupation of the city, he was in tiie fight at .lonesboro. After pursuing the enemy he returned to Atlanta and a few weeks later, started on the campaign to Savannah. He was in the skirmishes near that city and went thence to Beaufort on Port Royal Island and thence to Pocotahgo. He was in the skirmish at that place and fought a day or two afterwards at River's Bridge on the Salkahatchie, in whicli his captain, Irving Kckl(?s, and several comrades were killed. Feb. 9th they reached Orange- burg and alter another fight captured the rebel ilag at headquarters. (This action is called Binnaker's Bridge and South Edisto.) They were again in action near Columbia and went thence and fought at Bentonvilleand proceeded to Goldsboro and thence to Raleigh where they remained until after the surrender of Johnston. Mr. Simonds was with his command in their subsequent movement, and returned to Wiscon- 550 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF sin and was mustered out at Milwaukee June 12, 1865. He returned after the war to Plover and en- gaged in fanning. He was married May 8, 1853, to Cynthia Baxter, who survived her marriage less than two years. Mr. Simonds Wii.s again married to Jane, daugliter of John and Chloe (Seovill) James, who resided at that time in Waukesha county. His parents were both natives of New York and removed to Wis- consin about 1840. They are botii living in the vicinity of Plover. Mr. and Mrs. Simonds have had seven children born in the following order: — John M., Oct. 20, 1868; Frank L., April 30, 1871; Cynthia May, June 25, 1873; Cora Ann, May 8, 1876, Ira H., July 27, 1878, Mary, March 1, 1886. One child died in infancy. Mr. Simonds is a man of strong Republican principles. ■JLLIAM LUCK, of Oconto, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 74, was born in 1840, in Beekmantown, Clinton Co., New York. He is the son of Samuel and Sallie (Lucia) Luck and his ])arents were natives re- spectively of Beekmantown and Moorestovvn, New York. Mr. Luck has one brother named George Nelson Luck. Addison Samuel is dead. The parents reside with the brother at Prescott, New York. Lucella is the only daughter. Mr. Luck removed to Wisconsin before the civil war and enlisted Sep. 28, 1861, when he was at legal manhood. He enrolled in Com- pany F, 12th Wisconsin Infantry, at (!)conto for three years. He received honorable discharge at Natchez, Miss., Jan. 3, 1864, to enable him to re-enlist as a veteran which he did the fol- lowing day. He received final discharge at Louisville, Ky., with the regiment after the close of the war. Mr. Luck left the State Jan. 11, 1862, and was first in action in guerrilla warfare after endless marching and exposure and repeated assignments to expeditions which never materialized. Among them were the "Southwest" and after that they went to Kan- sas and there received orders to go to Tennesse. Again their orders were countermanded and they entered upon the work of repairing rail- roads and sconting after bushwhackers. Again they started for the south to assist in the plans of Grant, but were again frustrated by the sur- render of Murphy at Holly Springs. Mr. Luck was in first regular battle at Coldwater when Grierson was entering upon his raid and after- wards moved with his regiment to take part ill the siege of Vicksburg. He was there until the surrender of the city and went thence to Jackson. After re-enlisting, he was in the Meridian expedition and fought in the several actions of that movement. He fought at Bol- ton's Station, Baker's Creek, Brandon, Decatur, Enterprise and went back to Vicksburg. He was in another skirmish near Canton and after- wards took his veteran's furlough. On rejoin- ing his regiment Mr. Luck again had the pleas- ure of a long march, after which the command became a part of the army of Sherman and went to fight in the actions at Kenesaw. At Bald Hill Mr. Luck was wounded in the left elbow and went to the hospital where he was held on sick leave a month and 10 days. He was furloughed and went home for two months when he rejoined his regiment and recom- menced his business of marching. He was in many skirmishes, performed a large amount of guard, fatigue and forage duty, destroyed rail- roads, waded swamps and scouted and skir- mished until the engagements at Salkahatchie and Orangeburg. He was in another action at Cheraw and at Faj'etteville and was in line of battle at Bentonville. He went to Goldsboro and after the surrender of Johnston went to Raleigh and went thence to Washington for the final scenes. He returned to Oconto and in 1866 engaged in the business of a drayman in which he is still interested. He was married April 1, 1866, to Helen Donovan, of Oconto, and they have two children named Willie and Veronica. Mr. Luck is a reliable and honorable man and en- joys the confidence of his fellow men where he resides. -l>t^'-i>t^^^^'^i*^'^*t£-^ ELVIN BARNES PATCHEN, at- torney at New London, Wis., and ^:^^y^i^a member of G. A. R. Post No. 46, was born Sept. 1, 1824, at Platts- burg, Clinton Co., New York. His father, Isaac H. Patchen, was born in North Adams, PERSONAL RECORDS. 5r.l Mass., and was the son of Stephen Francis Hutinac. Tlie latter clianged the patronymic to that by wliicli the branch of the family to which he belongs has since been known. The grandfather of Mr. Patchen of this sketch was born on the boundary of France and Switzer- land and was one of the organization of the Swiss Body Guards of Die King of France, which was broken up in the revolution in Paris. He was afterwards connected with an- other military organization which was sent to Canada at the time of the contest for territory between the English and French. He went thence to Connecticut, where he was married to a Miss Patchen and was employed as a teacher for many years and resided there until his death. The grandfather of Lieutenant PatcVien was a soldier of the Revolution, which he entered when he was 16 years old and in wliich he served three years. I. H. Patchen partici- pated as a volunteer in the battle of Plattsburg, Sept. 11, 1814. He married Abigal Hilliard, a native of Plattsljurg and the daughter of a New England seaman, who was a marine in the navy during the Revolution and was cap- tured and confined on the jirison ship in New York harbor. Mr. Patchen was educated in the schools at Plattsburg and finished his i)rimary education at an academy in the .same place. After teach- ing for a time, he .studied law under tiie direc- tion of Gardner Stowe at Keeseville. He was admitted to practice at the general terra of the Supreme Court at Canton, St. Lawrence Co., New York, in September, 1852, entered upon tlie practice of his profession and operated at the same time as a surveyor. In -July, 1857, he started westward and landed at Milwaukee, whence he proceeded to Fremont and while there platted a 40-acre addition to the town. He returned to Milwaukee and went thence to Minnesota, returning to the Cream City. He formed a purpose to locate at Waupaca, but was pursuaded to fix his residence in Fremont, where he practiced his profession from Novem- ber, 1857, until the civil war absorbed all other interests and questions. A war meeting was held at Fremont and a large number of enroll- ments took place. A similar meeting was held at Waupaca with similar results, and it was de- cided to unite these forces, and a captain's com- mission was issued to Josiah Redfield by Gov- ernor Randall and that of 1st lieutenant to Mr. Patchen and to K. -J. Baker that of 2nd Lieutenant. The company having been organ- ized, its services were placed at the disposal of the State about the 1st of .June. Much excite- ment was at that time prevalent and, as men of wider influence were raising companies, the one under consideration failed to receive assign- ment. In their eagerness to go to the front many of the members offered themselves to other regiments and became connected with the first seven regiments enlisted in Wisconsin. The remainder of the company were ordered into cjuarters at Waupaca about the middle of Augu.st, its officers retaining their rela- tions to the organization. Recruiting was entered into with vigor and the ranks filled speedily. September 1st they were ordered to Madison and were mustered in September 4th as Company A, 8th Wisconsin Infantry. (The Eagle regiment.) Prior to this they had been known as the Wau- paca Union Rirtes. They left the State Octo- ber 12th and reached Benton Barracks on the 14th. On the following day, the right wing of the command went on the Iron Mountain rail- road to De Soto. .leff Thompson had burned the bridge just south of that place and on the following day, the remainder of the regiment, with the Colonel, joined the detail under the lieutenant-colonel, bringing the camp equipage, when the regiment marched to tlie river and crossed. Lieutenant Patchen was sent forward in command of a platoon of his company to olj- tain teams to move the necessary supplies and went as far as Blackwell Station, obtaining many teams, which he sent to the rear under guard to his regiment. The situation l)ecame dangerous for Lieutenant Patchen, as -Jeff Thomp.son was reported in his neighborhood and his force was reduced by sending men to guard the teams, and he was re-enforced by Captain Green who reached Blackwell Station with his company. The regimental supplies had been taken acro.ss the river and were placed under guard of a company ; and the re- maining companies boarded a train which came from Pilot Knob. Company F and Lieu- tenant Patchen returned to the bridge in time to go to Pilot Knob, where they arrived at midnight and remained until Sunday, Octo- ber 20th, when they marched in searcli of Jeff Thompson to Frederickton. (Colonel Corlin was in command of the post at Pilot Knob.) At Frederickton the force included .3,000 men and a battery and, on learning that Thompson 552 SOLDIERS ALBUM OF had retreated towards Gainesville, they stack- ed arms in the street preparatory to obtaining their breakfast. The had been on the marcli all night and after their meal sought rest under trees and in other places and slept until noon. Colonel Plumr._er, stationed at Cape Girardeau, reached Fredericktou and proposed to pursue Thompson. His column led the ad- vance and he had proceeded al)Out a quarter of a mile westward when the column halted and an aide rode back to inform Colonel Plummer that Thompson was in his front. It was a fact that tile rebel was tliere su{)porting a masked battery in a cornfield. Plununer ordered a gun into position wliicli was fired, and the po- sition of tlie battery disclosed by the response. The Sth Wisconsin was held in reserve by Plummer until Tliompson was driven from the field and pursued until sunset. He was fol- lowed 12 miles on the following day by the infantry who left the cavalry to continue the chase and returned to Frederickton and to Pilot Knob. Mr. Patchen was next in an ex- pedition to Indian Ford on the St. Francis River in search of Thompson, spending 10 days in a vain pursuit. He afterwards per- formed camp duty at Pilot Knob until Novem- ber 25tli when the regiment went to Sulj)hur Springs, Mo., where he was on camp and guard duty until .jaiuiary 20, 18()2, wlien the regi- ment went to Cairo and in February started on an expedition to besiege Columbus, Ky. The confederate commander sent a flag of truce and a proposition to evacuate the place and not a shot was fired. A fleet of gun- boats had moved down the river under com- mand of Commodore Foote to co operate with the land force. They returned to Cairo and crossed on March 4th to Bird's Point and moved to a location beyond Charleston, where the railroad track had been destroyed by Thompson. Lieutenant Patchen was sent with a detail to look up and locate a route for a wagon road to Sykestown which was opened while his regiment was repairing the track, af- ter which they marched to Sykestown and moved to New Madrid. A detour was made around New Madrid to Point Plea.sant 12 miles below for the purpose of blockading the Mississippi. Here they built and occupied rifle pits until the evacuation of Island No. 10, being frequently under fire from the enemy's batteries across the river. The sound of the fight in progress at Pittsburg Landing on the 6th of April was heard at Point Pleasant and tlie next day the regiment marched to New Madrid and boarded a transport and went to Riddel's Point where Company A was detailed for picket duty during the balanceof tlie night. The next da}' a small squad of the company brought in a brass howitzer which the enemy had abandoned. The command returned to New Madrid where they received their pay and General Pope obtained transportation for Mem- phis. Lieutenant Patchen was ordered to head- quarters and was placed in command of the teams left behind belonging to the division. He removed them as soon as he could obtain tran.sportation to Hamburg, Tenn., and re- joined his regiment. He marched to Corinth to participate in the siege and on the Sth of May his command made a reconnoissance across a swamp toward the outworks and on the .same evening Company A was stationed on picket on one of the main roads leading to Cor- inth and received the first fire in the battle of Farmington about 10 o'clock on the 9th of May. They were under constant fire until after four o'clock in the alternoon when they fell back across the swamp. They built roads a few days on which Pope's command crossed the swamp to Farmington and entrenched. On the 28th day of June they advanced to a posi- tion near the enemy's works at Corinth and as- sisted in repulsing the charge of tlie rebels in their endeavors to capture the Union batteries. The next night they dug rifle pits and passed the following day in an artillery battle and found the next morning, that Corinth was evac- uated. The rebels were pursued to Booneville, where the command remained until June 12, when they marched back to camp at Clear Creek, six miles south of Corinth. This was a very severe experience. August 17, 1862, the regiment was ordered to Tuscumbia and, on the same day Lieutenant Patchen went to the hos- pital at luka, suff'ering with a complication of diseases and remained until September 12th when he and all others able to be removed went to Jackson, Tenn., and were placed under treat- ment. Two weeks later he went to Columbus where he remained until October 6th. On that day he started to rejoin his regiment and at Jackson he went to the hospital, being unable i to proceed further. An acceptation of his resig- nation which he had oSered in August awaited him, and he started for the North, remaining in Chicago until December, awaiting his pay. PERSONAL RECORDS. 553 He returned to Fremont and in August, 1864, he connected liimself with the quartermaster's department of the Army of Arkansas under General Steele at Little Rock and sustained his relations with that organization until March, 1865, when he retui'ued to his home at Fre- mont. In January, 1871, he removed to New London. Mr. Patchen has been prominent throughout his public life in local office. In Clinton coun- ty. New York, he was clerk of the Board of Supervisors where he also officiated as inspector of elections. He was also Assistant Postmaster at Schuyler Falls, New York. He represented his county in the LegLslative Assembly in 1860 and has .served two terms as School Superinten- dent in Weyauwega, has acted in the capacities of Justice of the Peace, Town Clerk and Supei'- visor, and has been Notary Public nearly every year since he came to the State. In January, 1853, he was married to Frances E. Parsons of Saranac, New York. Two of their children, GJeorge M. and Mary E. are living. Frances died at seven years of age. Mary E. married Leslie Signer of Plattsburg, New York. George M. Patchen is the publisher of the New London Times. He married Marion Bownam who is deceased. His .son, George M., is still living. Harry died at the age of two years. Mr. Patchen was married in June, 1863, to Hannah B. Taggart and their only child is named Melvin T. *'^^'"^*'^"^**^ ^HOMAS HLAWACEK, a resident of q) Kewaunee, Wis., and a member of ' G. A. R. Post No. 155, was born in 1848 in Bohemia. He is the son of Wenzel and Magdalena (Albrecht) Hlawacek, and was 11 years of age when his father and mother came to America. The family located in Kewaunee Co., Wis., on a farm in the town of Carlton, where was the home of the son until his removal to Kewaunee in 1885. Mr. Hlawa- cek was a youth of observant liabits and be- came interested in the course of the war as soon as the calls for troops to defend his adopted country were made, but he remained at home until his majority. He enlisted May 28, 1864, in Company G, 39th Wisconsin Infantry, for 100 days and went to the front with the regi- ment at Memphis where he was an active par- ticipant in the action when Forrest made his celebrated dash through the city. He returned to his home to take an active stand in local affairs and has been mo.st of the time since in official positions. He has served six years as Town Clerk and as Justice of the Peace 12 years. He acted one year as Chairman of the Board of Supervisors and held other situations of responsibility and trust in Carlton. In 1885 he was made Clerk of tbe Circuit Court of Ke- waunee county and removed to the place where he is now a resident. He established his busi- ness in the sale of agricultural implements which lie is still prosecuting. He was married June 27, 1866, to Mary Stef- fel of Franklin, Kewaunee county, and they liave two sons and seven daughters — Annie, Mary, Sofie, Vincent, Emil, Antonie, Fannie, Lucy, Celestine. VERY CHRISTOPHER GRANT, of ^ Kaukauna, Wis., and a former sol- dier of the war, was born May 26, 1823, in Attica, Genesee Co., New York. He resided in the place of his nativity until he was 15 years old and in the fall of 1838 he came to Milwaukee, Wis., and was oc- cupied in the vicinity of that city for 11 years in fanning, in wlijcli vocation he has passed his life. In 1850 he came to Ellington, Outagamie county, where he remained until 1875, when he effected his removal to the place where he now lives. Aug. 19, 1862, he enlisted in Com- pany I, 32nd Wisconsin Infantry for three years, enrolling at Appleton. Feb. 16, 1863, he wasdis- charged at Memphis, Tenn., on account of dis- abilities incurred in the service. His regiment was mustered in September 25th and left the State the last of October. The first of Novem- ber, the command went into camp at Memphis and were assigned to the 5th Brigade, 1st Di- vision, 16th Army Corps of Sherman's com- mand. They proceeded successively towards Jackson and Holly Springs and December 6th found them at Hurricane Creek. December 20tli, they arrived at Oxford where Mr. Grant succumbed to illness and was sent to the gen- eral hospital. He was there about 10 days and went thence to Holly Springs, whence word had 554 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF come from General Grant of terrible disaster, VanDorn having captured all supplies at Holly Springs. He was in hosjjital there about a week and went next to Overton hospital at Memphis, where he remained until discliarged. He returned to his farm and, for a time, gave his entire attention to recruiting liis health. He was married in Milwaukee Dec. 31, 1845, to Ann W. Wickware. Nine of their children are living. They are named Mazilla M., Lorenzo Perry, Julius A , Adelbert R., Estella E., Frank A., Anna Mabel, Marlon Wesley and Leon Lester. George Washington died in infancy; Llewellyn Marshal died when 24 years old. Lana Alice was a babe when she died; Elizabeth Albertina had reached the age of five years and four months when she died. John Grant, the father of Mr. Grant, was born in Stonington, Conn., and married Sarah Osgood, a native of Wash- ington county, New York. The former was of Scotch extraction and his ancestors were early settlers iti Connecticut. The latter was of mixed English and Irish lineage. Mrs. Grant was born in Horton, Kings Co., Nova Scotia. Her people were orginally settlers in Massachu- setts and were among those who abandoned their property for opinion's sake and found a home in the Bristish provinces. The father of Mr. Grant was a soldier in the war of 1812 and his grandfather fought in the Revolution, as did one of the brotiiers of the latter. The brother of his grandmother, Nathaniel Lewis, was on the personal staif of General Washing- ton. William C. O. Grant, his brother, fell at Buena Vista, Feb. 23, 1847. Sanford Spencer Grant, another brother, served in the Mexican war one year and, afterwards entered the United States Navy; he is a resident of Chicago. ANIEL A. RAMSDELL, Commander of G. A. R. Post I. Ram.sdell No. 79, at Marion (1887) was born May 2, 1838, in Pan ton, Addison Co., Vt. He enlisted at Manitowoc, Wis., in the fall of 1861, as a private in E Company, 14th Wis- consin Infanry. The regiment was organized in November of that year, and mustered into service January 30th. The company to whicli Mr. Ramsdell belonged was organized as "Man- itowoc and Kewaunee County Guards." The month of February he passed at Camp Fond du Lac, drilling and obtaining practical knowl- edge of military life and, early in March, accom- panied the command to Savannah,Ten n.,to report to General Grant. Ain-il (3th, he went to Pitts- burgh Landing (Sliiloh) and was in the ac- tion there. He was one of the color guards and was in the assault on the rebel battery, which gave the regiment its distinctive title of "Wisconsin Regulars." He carried the State flag and participated in the capture of a battery of seven pieces. Four separate charges were made, the last of which was successful. In the excitement of the attack Mr. Ramsdell sprang on one of the guns while the air was blue with rebel bullets, tlie in- fantry in the rear pouring a storm of shot into the attacking pai'ty. The flag he carried was pierced several times, two balls passing through his blouse and one through his pant- aloons, drawing blood and cooling his ardor materially. He brouglit off his - colors and soon after the Major (Hancock, afterwards Col- olonel of the regiment) halted the squad witli the colors on their way to the rear. Hancock rode in front of them and drawing his revol- ver ordered "Plant those colors." He was instantly obeyed, and the next second his order "Forward 14th Wisconsin," rang out. Their rations were exhausted before their arrival at Pittsburg Landing, and they went into the figlit without food, remaining on guard all night, and the next daj' were assigned to pro- vost duty there, remaining until the last of July, 18G2. Mr. Rimsdell was in the siege of Corinth and, Oct. 3rd, was in the deploy of skirmishers. The first captain of the companj' had been killed at Shiloh, and here his succes- sor met his death. Mr. Ramsdell was created 2nd Lieutenant on that day and continued in that capacity until his discharge in September, 1864, at Vicksburg, on account of wounds there received during the long and bloody siege. May 22nd, 1864, the 14th Wisconsin in.scribed further honors on its banners and made a prominent record for courage in a con- spicuous position. Mr. Ramsdell was wounded by a minie ball in his left hip, which weighed an ounce and fifteen grains. He was taken to the hospital at Vicksburg, and remained there on de- tached duty as Assistant Quartermaster about a year, when he was discharged. The ball re- mained in his body six years, baffling all ef- forts to remove it, although he underwent PERSONAL RECORDS. 555 three separate Ofterations, suffering indescrib- ably during that time. In 1870, while on a vessel on Lake Michigan he received a blow from the fore-boom, wliicli fell directly upon the place of the wound, and the imbedded bullet was thrown out of its resting place and was aftei'wai'ds removed, from which time per- manent improvement began. The blow from the mast was sufficiently sharj) to throw him into the water. He has been a staunch Repub- lican since 1861, and has put in solid work for his party. In 1875 Mr. Ramsdell located in Marion, Wis., where he is operating as a lumberman and merchant. He is also interested in min- ing stock in Gogebic range in Northern Wis- consin. He has a wife and one son. The lat- ter, Edward Ramsdell, is a prosperous busi- ness man at Keshena, Wis., where he has charge of the Government trading-post. •>-^S^■■-,>t^j^^l|ff5*^-.■^^*«f-.• EORGE W. STALKER, a resident at I > 1 1 Oxford, Wis., member of G. A. R. \^^^ Post No. 143, was born in Berne, Albany Co., New York, August 6, 1843. In 1857 his parents removed from the State of New York to Oxford, where he has since resided. (An account of his father and mother is to be found in corniection with the ])ersonal sketches of his brothers Eugene a)id Theodore.) During the first months of tlie war he resolved to enter the army, and as soon as he was 18 years old he decided to enlist. He enrolled Sep. 10, 1861, in Company G, 2nd Wisconsin Infantry, at Portage, and accom- panied his command from the rendezvous at Camp Randall to Washington, where he joined the regiment and passed the winter in quarters at Arlington Heights. He was in the move- ment in the spring to Manassas, the organiza- tion having been formed previously, which afterwards became the Iron Brigade, and he was in the fight at Beverly Ford and Gaines- ville, Second Bull Run, South Mountain, An- tietam, Fredericksburg, Fitz Hugh's Crossing and Chancellorsville. When the regiment was about a mile from Gainesville, Mr. Stalker and a comrade started to go to the wagon train for supplies, but did not reach it in time to returri the same night on account of storm and dark- ness. During the night, Stewart's cavalry camped in their vicinity and, when the rebels discovered their proximity, they made a charge which was repulsed by the escort and the train was saved, although defended by only 30 men. Wlien the rebels fell back, Mr. Stalker was a prisoner in their hands, but he escaped in the darkness and returned to the train which was joined by the forces of McClellan in the morn- ing. After Antietam, the regiment spent the winter at Smoky Hollow near Alexandria and in the spring went with Burnside to the Wil- derness, having previously been in the "Mud Campaign." Among the important actions in whicii he participated was the charge at Marye's Heights and after Chancellorsville he was in the march to Gettysburg, where the Iron Brigade opened the battle of July 1st, and Mr. Stalker was among the wounded of the first day's action and is mentioned in the dispatches. This terminated his active .service on the field. He pa.ssed the winter of 1S63-4 at Acquia Creek on the Potomac, and in the spring the Veteran Reserve Corps to which he had been transferred March 15th, went down the river on a foraging expedition and secured grain, hay and provisions enough to load six canal boats, and also about 200 horses and mules. Mr. Stalker was .sent to Washington soon after his transfer to the 24th V. R. C. and was dis- charged October 12, 1864. After his release from military service he went to Filmont, Columbia Co., New York, where he worked as a painter and carpenter until 1883, when he removed to Oxford. He was married July 24, 1866, to Sarah M. Degoe, of Hillsdale, New York. Their children are named Frank L., Carrie E., Fred, Floyd, Georgia and Emma. /^^UGENE E. STALKER and THEO- r^^^ i DOPE F. STALKER, deceased, sol- \v^^f^^ diers in the civil war who lo.st their lives in the service, were sons of Gresham and Hannah (Robbins) Stalker. Eugene was born in Berne, New York, March 19, 1841, and when he was 16 years of age removed to Wisconsin with his parents and located at Oxford, where he was ai'esident until he became a soldier. About six months after 556 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF he was 19 years old, he enlisted in Company K, 10th Wisconsin Infantry, enrolling Sept. 10, 1861, at Montello, Wis. He was with his regi- ment in rendezvous at Camp Holton, Milwau- kee, and went to Louisville, Ky., in November. The regiment left the State under orders to report to General 0. M. Mitchell and young Stalker passed the first months of his connec- tion with army life in guard duty, went with his command to Bowling Green and thence to Nashville and afterwards was on duty as pro- vost guard until April, when he was with a detail from his regiment and engaged in destroy- ing rebel railroad communication, which pre- vented Beauregard's reinforcements reaching him at Corinth. Mr. Stalker was with his com- mand at Bridgeport and afterwards was on a train which was tired on bj' rebels, after which he went to Nashville and Louisville and was assigned to Rousseau's command preparatory to the battle of Perryville. He was in the battle of Stone River and in the bloody action at Chickamauga and was killed in that battle on the 19th of September, 1863. After the battle, his parents received a letter from the chaplain of the regiment which stated that he was mis- sing and was supposed to be a prisoner, but it was afterwards learned that he was killed. Theodore F. Stalker was born in Berne, New York, February 25, 1847, and was only 10 years old when his parents removed to Wisconsin. He lived at home through his boyhood and youth until he entered the army. His older brothers enlisted and he was anxious from the first to become old enough to enroll as a soldier and he enlisted February 15, 1864, a few days before he was 17 years old under the name of John E. Burnhara, in order to prevent his parents' interference, enrolling in Company I, 35th Wisconsin Infantry. The regiment was in rendezvous at Camp Washburn, Milwaukee, and left the State under orders to report to General Steele at Alexandria to go to the Red River, but was obliged to go to New Orleans and went thence to Port Hudson, after which another movement was made to Morganzia, La. The command to which Theodore Stalker be- longed was engaged in guard duty and he was frequently assigned to scout duty until August when he went to Morganzia. He was there seized with disease and died September 22, 1864. The parents of these young martyrs to the Union were born in the State of New York respectively February 10, 1810, and September 5, 1805. Four of their sons were in the late war and two are still living. Horace was born May 11, 184.5, and George W, August 6, 1843; a sketch of the latter appears on another page. The mother and father still survive and reside at Oxford, where they have lived for more than 30 years. OHN S. STRATTON, of Marinette, Wis., a member of G. A. R. Post No. 207, was born March 29, 1846, in Fort Wayne, Allen Co., Indiana. His father and mother, .Joseph and Margaret (Sheay) Stratton, were born respectively in New York and Ire- land. The former belonged to a family who were early settlers in the Empire State. The son received his education in the common schools and he was brought up in the city of Fort Wayne and learned the business of a bricklayer, in which he was trained by his father, who was a practical mechanic in that line and operated later in life as a contractor. Mr. Stratton enlisted Nov. 25, 1863, in the 11th Indiana Battery at Fort Wayne for three years or during the war, enlisting as a recruit and joining his battery at Chattanooga, Tenn. He received honorable discharge July 3, 1865, at Indianapolis, Ind. The winter of 1863-4 was passed in camp, and in the spring the com- mand was attaclied to the army of Sherman and started on the campaign to the sea. The battery was unassigned, but was immediately connected with Sherman's personal movements, always unlimbering an<] parking at headquar- ters. It would be impossible, within the limits of a personal sketch, to do justice to the opera- tions of a battery in the field throughout its entire service, and on no page of history is the subject treated with justice. Tiie battery of Mr. Stratton was in action at Ringgold, Resaca, Ror'key Face Ridge, Buzzard Roost, New Hope Church, in the movements along the Chatta- hoochie, and was among those that are signal- ised as stationed on the mountain covering Marietta and was in that action and in two sharp engagements at Atlanta, in one of which McPherson was killed. The terms of those who had enlisted earlier expiring, the organization of the battery proper was destroyed and the others, still under obligations to the United PERSONAL RECORDS. 557 States, were assigned to the 18th Indiana. That organization being already overflowing, several of them were assigned to the command of Gen- eral Miner at Edgefield opposite Nashville, where they remained in guard and other duty until their time expired or the war was ended. After the surrender of Lee they went to Louis- ville, and a week later moved slowly to Indian- apolis to be discharged as related. Mr. Stratton was still comparatively a boy when he enlisted, being but 17, but he was of large physical structure and manifestly a man and that se- cured his enlistment without ditticully. Mr. Stratton's natural traits made him a valuable man in the service in more than one respect and he was frequently detailed for duty in the .secret service. In one instance he was associated with G. D. Huff, a member of the force on that service, and aided him in the cap- ture of the notorious desperado, Moran, who murdered many Union soldiers and who was convicted and hung at Edgefield. The capture was made in the suburbs of Nashville, the scamp being asleep and the handcuff's being placed on him before he could make his escape, although, he sprang to defend himself on being aroused. Mr. Stratton summoned a detail of 14 soldiers under a lieutenant, as a guard through the streets of Nashville. At Edgefield Moran was placed in a bull-pen and guarded until his trial and execution. Mr. Stratton was also engaged, in conjunction with Hull, in the recovery of Government property stolen by the rebels and others. On his return to private life he resumed his business as bricklayer, working at Fort Wayne with his lather and obtaining a complete prac- tical understanding of that business. In 1868 he went to Chicago and was busy with his tr^ide until 1873, passing througli the great fire and assisting in tlie rebuilding after its devas- tating work. He operated as foreman on the construction of several large buildings and prior to that had acted in the same capacity in the interests of the Mullen Bros., and for Fred Morse. In the spring of 1873 he went to Logansport, Ind., and took charge of the erection of a schoolhouse, going next to Mishawaukee, Indiana. From there he went to Elkhart and back to Fort Wayne in the fall. In the spring he went to Moline, 111., to engage with his brother Walter in the construction of the building connected with the gas plant in that city. His next removal was to Milwaukee where he remained until the fall of 1877, em- ployed by the gas company on their buildings on brick work. He then went to Marinette where he made a permanent settlement. He commenced working at his business and fol- lowed it as a vocation until the spring of 1880, when he accepted a position on the police force and was one of the first three appointed for the protection of the municipal interests of Mari- nette. He was connected therewith IS months. He resumed his business and operated as a con- tractor until 1SS4, when he received the ap- pointment of under-Sherift'of Marinette county. He was nominated in 1887 by the Republican element for tlie position of Sheriff, but was "knocked out" by a concerted movement of the Democrats and the so-called "Labor Party" whose fusion defeated the party of equal rights. Mr. Stratton was married Aug. 11, 1881, to Emma S. Schatz and their children are named Lulu Lilian, Walter C. and John L. Mrs. Strat- ton was born at Oshkosh of parents descended from German stock. Two of the brothers of Mr. Stratton served in the war of the rebellion. Walter C. was in the 1 1th Battery and was Ser- geant of No. 4 gun. Louis was in the 15th In- diana Infantry, enlisting in 1861; he was wounded at Stone River, died and was buried at Murfreesboro, and was removed after the war to Fort Wayne. .John Sheay, his uncle, was a soldier from Indiana and was murdered and robbed after the troops were paid; his murderer was never discovered. Henry Newcome, a scout, who was also a member of the ilth Battery, was twice caught and strung up by the rebels while on special duty, but escaped death in a manner that was little short of miraculous. Mr. Stratton is present Officer of the Day of Marinette Post. (1888.) In the year previous he was Quarter Master's Sergeant. He has held all offices by appointment up to that of Junior Vice-Commander. SPENCER WILEY, member of G. A. R. Post 131, at Merrill, where he is a resident, was born June 25, 1842, in Schoharie Co., New York. When he was a child of three years, his parents re- moved to the West. They located at a point south of Walworth, in McHenry Co., Ills., which is now near Sharon, and which was then 558 SOLDIERS ALBUM OF in the depths of the primeval wilderness. When he was 17 years old he went to Shawano, Wis., to engage in the lumher busine.ss in which he was interested for 10 years. At tlie the expiration of that time he embarked in the vocation of a liverjanan, in which he was oc- cupied three years. In 1877 he removed to Merrill, where his first occupation was that of lumbering, which he exchanged for the grocer's vocation in 1885, and which he is still mana- ging with profit. He was only 19 when the message from Fort Sumter sent its fiery warning of danger to the Union. Under the pressure of events early in 1862, he decided to enlist and, accordingly, en- rolled at Shawano, in Company I, 32nd Wis- consin Volunteer Infantry, for three years. On the formation of his company he was made Corporal. His captain was Geo. E. Wood, and later, David J. Brothers, of whom a sketch will be found elsewhere. The regiment was mustered in, in Septenaber, and left the State about the close of the following month. In November the command joined an expedition, which came to nought, and the march ingtlie men did was of the severest character under the most disastrous circumstances. Returning to Memphis, the regiment remained on provost duty 10 months. Late in November, they had another severe march to Moscow, where they did excellent service, in saving the cavalry under Col. Hatch. Early in 1804 they took part in the Meridian expedition under Sher- man, their Colonel commanding the brigade to which they belonged. At Jackson they preserved the pontoon bridge until the Federal troops had passed and then destroyed it, prevent- ing its further use by the rebels. In the first month of that year, they successffully resisted an as- sault of a rebel brigade. In the spring they returned to Memphis, whence they did some heavy marclnng to Paducah, and thence to Decatur, Ala. In May, they were again in heavy skirmishing and marching. All tiirough the months of June and July, 1864, a vast amount of labor was performed in picket duty, work on fortifications, skirmishing near Court- land, (where they repulsed a rebel force and captured prisoners, camp equipage and sup- plies without the loss of a man,) guarding wagon trains and in other skirmishes, where they did not escape as in the instance men- tioned — all this con.stituting one of the unre- mitting periods of service which is often over- looked in history fi-om lack of brilliancy, per- haps, but is of far greater importance. Aug. 7th,the command madeconnection with thearmy of Sherman, and took position in the line of battle in the siege of Atlanta. From the 0th until the 24th they were constantly under rebel fire, although not in the assault. They were in the fighting at Jonesboro and, Dec. 5th, the regiment was involved in an action at the Little Ogeechee River, and on the 9th, the 10th and 13th they were in important skir- mishes. On the day last named they marclied 50 miles. On the 18th they returned to their army connection, after destroying the Savannah and Gulf railroad between the Ogeechee and Altamaha Rivers. Six days later they were at Savannah. In February, 1865, they were in important service of similar character, and March 20th, fought at Bentonville. They were in the Grand Review at Washington, May 24th, and were discharged at Milwaukee, Wis., in June, 1865. Mr. Wiley was not absent from his duty a single day, when the command was in activity. In 1863 he was ill with lung fever and was in the hospital at Memphis about two months. At the close of his ill- ness he was in ths general hospital, which was under the charge of his brother Martin. The latter went out with the 14th Illinois Regi- ment in the capacity of surgeon and was on the staff" of the general in command. Jacob Henry Wile}' was surgeon in a regiment of United States Regulars, and was in the Army of the Tennes.see. After the war Mr. Wiley returned to Sha- wano as has been stated. He was appointed Postmaster there by President Jolinson and re- signed after a service of one year. He served as Sheriff of Shawano two j'cars, and was its Town Clerk when the place was a village. When it took on municipal dignity he was made first City Treasurer and served two years. In 1881 he was commissioned route agent between Merrill and Wausau and held the po- ition nine months. He was re-appointed by Postmaster General Howe and, four months la- ter, was made Prudential Ofticer, in which ca- pacity he officiated four years by appoint- ment of President Garfield. His connection with the place expired by the law of limitation, which President Cleveland enforced. He was married Aug. 25, 1866, to Rhoda A. McCord. Their surviving children are Myron, PERSONAL RECORDS. 559 Kittie, Warren E., and Florence. Charles was drowned in the Wisconsin River at 16. Mr. Wiley is the son of Daniel and Marga- ret (Christianson) Wiley. On both sides they were descendants of the Dutcli of the Mohawk Valley in New York. Mrs. Wiley was born in Pennsylvania, and her parents were Myron and Ann Eliza (Ackerman) McCord, of old Pennsyl- vania stock. ■•-:?t^•^■:;»t^j^^>sF*i^-►<=itf^-► ^^^DWIN R. SMITH, principal of the I ^ high school at Manitowoc (1888) and K.'IQ:^ a member of G. A. R. Post No. 18, was born March 27, 1844, at Spring Prairie, Walworth Co., Wisconsin. To the age of 18 he was engaged in attendance at school, preparing for the pi-ofession of a teacher and engaged in teaching several terms before the Government had need of his services as one of her sons in the defense of the National integ- rity. The attack on the forts in Charleston harbor and the surge of public sentiment, awakened in him a spirit that demanded ex- pression and he enlisted in April, 1861, in Company F, 2nd Wisconsin Infantry. He was under age and still within paternal jurisdiction and was refused muster on account of the de- termined opposition of his father. He did not relinquish iiis purpose and, August 14, 1862, he enlisted in an organization at that date called the 1st Wisconsin Volunteer Artillery but which became Battery A, 1st Regiment Wisconsin Heavy Artillery. The command was sent to Washington where it was engaged in garrison duty during its entire period of service. (See sketch of Henry Van Valken- burg.) Mr. Smith received honorable discharge July 13, 1865, at Milwaukee, after a most cred- itable service in behalf of the protection of the National Capital. The battery to which he be- longed became so efficient in duty and so pro- ficient in drill, as to attract much attention and was inspected by two British military officers who had been sent to this country to take ob- servations and they reported Battery A, one of the best that had fallen under their notice as Foot Artillery. The commendation of English military officials at that date had a peculiar weight. On his return from the army after the close of the war, he resumed teaching. In 1868 he assumed charge of the public schools of East Troy, Walworth county, and discharged the duties of tliat trust three years. His next en- gagement was in the same capacity in Burling- ton, Racine county, where he was occupied 11 years. In 1883 he became connected with his present ))Osition, in which he is discharging his obligiitions with the same quality of credit to himself and satisfaction to his patrons that has characterized his entire career as an in- structor. He was married in 1871 to Harriet May Dickerman and they have three children — Oliver Edwin, born Aug. 26, 1872, Florence May, born Aug. 21, 1874, and an infant born Nov. 26, 1887. ILLIAM W. HOLLISTER, a cit- izen of Shawano, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 81, was born November 26, 1844, in Racine county. Wis. He is the son of Asa and Sarah Ann (Toombs) HoUister, both of whom are living at Oshkosh. His paternal grand- father was a soldier in the Mexican war and was the descendant of Major Hollister who was in the British service during the Revolution. Mr. HollLster has three brotiiers; Phillip W., and Guy reside at Marinette, Wis., and are en- gaged in the lumber business and in the manu- facture of sash, doors and blinds. (!. \V. Hol- lister is engaged in lumbering and milling in Canada and was a soldier in the 3rd Wisconsin Cavalry. Mr. Hollister of this sketch grew to manhood in Wisconsin and he enlisted Augu.st 30, 1864, in Company E, 2nd Wisconsin Cav- alry for one year or during the war, and made connection with the command at Memphis, Tenn., where he was engaged in scouting duty and in all other relations pertaining to cavalry service, in which he was engaged until the reg- iment was disbanded. In the spring of 1865 he was engaged in protecting Union citizens from rebels and bushwhackers and in June of that year was discharged as stated. Among the expeditions in which he took part was the sec- ond raid under Grierson m Mississippi. He es- caped without serious injury or illness and he acted in the capacity of Orderly Sergeant in which he was engaged in the parole and ex- 560 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF change of rebel soldiers. On his return from the army he came to Oshkosh and engaged in lumbering, which has since formed his business connection and where he lias also operated as a contractor. In 1882 he removed to Sliawano where he has since been similarly engaged. He has held the office of Town Clerk, is a stanch Republican and is proud to belong to a political organization of such noble record. In youtii he received a limited education and belongs to the best class of self-made men and his busi- ness has become large and prosperous through his own efforts. He was married to Frederica B. Schooley of Neenah and their three children, Anna E., Ethel and Myron W., have been carefully reared and educated and the elder daughter is a student at Ripon college. --^'s»'Ot^$^^t ARREN J. FROST, a prominent citizen of Plover, Wis, member of G. A. R. Post No. 149, was born in Wells, Tioga county. Pa., April 1832. His father and mother, John U. and Phoebe (Hubbeli) Frost, were born respectively of Scotch and English parentage and the former died at the homestead in Tioga county in 1844, when a little less than 49 years of age. The latter was about 52 years old when she died on the homestead in Pennsylvania in 1851. Mr. Frost was reared in his native State and was occupied in farming until the second year of the war, when he entered the araiy. He en- listed Sept. 20, 1862, in Company D, 16th Pennsylvania Cavalry for three years. The complement of the regiment was made at Harrisburg and it was assigned to the command of Buruside, with which it made connection at Fredericksburg, where it went into winter quarters. In the spring of 1863, the com- mander was superseded by General Hooker and Mr. Frost was in the fight at Chancellorsville, followed Lee into Pennsylvania and was in the activities of May and June with the Army of the Potomac and fought at Gettysburg. He was taken sick after the battle and was sent from his regiment to the hospital at Frederick, Md., where he remained from July 8, 1863, until about the 1st of November following, 28, when he was sufficiently recovered to go home on a furlough ; he returned to his regiment the last of November and renewed connection with military .service in the Army of the Potomac on the Rappahannock. He was in the unfortunate actions of the late fall and early winter of 1863 which terminated the connection of Meade with the army, and the latter was superseded by Grant, who made pre- parations for the campaign in Virginia, com- mencing early in 1864. He was in Kilpatrick's command in the raid against Richmond, soon after rejoining the army, and was afterwards in that of Sheridan and moved with his command in May, 1864. He was in the battles of tiie Wilderness, at Spotsylvania Court House, Cold Harbor and Malvern Hill and in the latter was wounded in the foot. He reported at the field hospital for treatment and returned to his regi- ment, l)ut the heat, dust and exjiosure induced gangrene of his wound, and on the Kith daj' of August he was sent to the hospital. He was transferred to a hospital at Philadelphia, where he remained until the spring of 1865, when lie again joined his regiment on the Appomatox and participated in the activities all the way alter the surrender of Petersburg and Rich- mond, until he saw the command of Lee stack arms and yield up their bullet-riddled battle flags at Appomatox. His regiment was sent to Lynchburg, Va., during the reconstruction jieriod, and he was di.seharged there June 17, 1805. After the war, he returned to Pennsylvania and was occupied in farming on his father's property three years. He removed with his family in 1868 to Adair Co., Missouri, and re- mained in that State, occupied in farming, five years. In 1873 he came to Wisconsin and located at Elm Lake in Wood county, where he pas.sed three years in lumbering. In 1876 he located on his farm in Plover, which has since been his home. He was married in 1858 to Julia A. Adams in Waushara county, Wis. The parents of Mrs. Frost were formerly residents of Pennsyl- vania and her mother was decended from Hol- land ancestors, who represented the best class in that country. Mr. and Mrs. Frost have had three children, the oldest and youngest of whom died in infanc}'. Myrtle H. married Mr. Fox, a farmer in Plover. She has three chil- dren named Fred, Eva and Frank. Mr. Frost is a prominent farmer, a man of integrity, and PERSONAL RECORDS. 561 ii citizen whose private career has been in every way compatible with his record as a de- fender of the National iiag. ^^>^5«:^>iff*C^ OPfN J. L. ROHDE, of Weyanwega, Wis., formerly a soldier of the war for the Union, was born in Hesse Cassel, Ger- many, Oct. 20, 1831. John Peter Rohde, his father, was a farmer in that province and died in 1854 in Germany while his .son was a soldier in the army of his adopted conntiy. Ann Elizabeth (Jennermann) Rohde, ti e mother, was married to her husband in Hesse Cassel and died in 1878 when more than 70 years of age. Of their children, the first died in infancy. Frederick Wilhelm died at 55 in Germany. Henry died in New .Jersey, aged about 50 years. Martha Elizabeth Scholisky, a sister, is living at Erie, Pa. Mr. Rohde is the fifth in order of birth. Elizabeth Textor lives at home in Germany. John Peter resides at Manawa, Wis. Mr. Rohde of this sketch came to America when 19 years old and remained in the city of New York where he landed, about a. year and a half. Aug. 13, 1852, he enlisted in the regular army of the United States and was on Governor's Island in the liarbor about two months. His command went thence to Fort Arbuckle in the Indian I'erritory (Choctaw Na- tion), where he remained, performing garrison duty for five years. He went thence to Fort Smith, Arkan.sas, and, after four weeks, was taken sick and went to Little Rock, and re- mained there without much improvement. Nov. 3, 1857, he re-enlisted in the .same com- mand for five years. He remained at Fort Smith until 1858 when the command went by boat to Jefterson Barracks in St. Louis, Mo., and re- mained through the winter. He went thence in the spring of 1859 to Gamp Flagg, in Utah, remaining about 18 months, going thence to New Mexico and soon after proceeded to Fort Buchanan in Arizona Territory. When rebel- lion raised its head in the Nation, the command was ordered to Fort Craig in the same Terri- tory. Here the regiment received oiders to de- stroy everything, preparatory to marching, as the Texans (Confederates) were in force and the emergeiicy was pressing. Seven companies were surrounded by Major Lyons and a few men billed, the remainder reaching Fort Craig where they put themselves in readiness for active work. The Union forces were commanded by General E. R. S. Canby and they fought tiie rebels and lost six guns, meeting disaster from an enemy several times their strength. Sept. 13,"18G2, Mr. Rohde re-enlisted and remained in New Mexico until he was transferred to the 5th U. S. Infantry, Company A. He was pro- moted to Corporal in 1858 and to Duty Ser- geant later and, to 1st Sergeant by order of Captain Ingraham in 1861, at Fort Uinon, New Mexico, where he enlisted. He received hon- orable discharge at Fort Sumner, N. M., Sept. 3, 1865. He remained afterwards in the .service of the Government two years. In 1867 Mr. Rohde was married to Eleanora Charlotte Wilhelmine Toelle at Erie, Pa.,whither he returned when released from obligation to the Government. Within two years they re- moved to Weyanwega, since their residence. They have two children. William Peter Henry is 19 years old and is a miller at Weyanwega. John Louis is engaged in the same business. Mr. Rohde is a man of more than ordinary ability and is officiating in the position of City Clerk of Weyanwega. He is Commander of Post No. 180, G. A. R., and is also village sex- ton. LBERT BYRON CLARK, of Oshkosh, ^ Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 10, was born in Potosi, Grant Co., Wis., March 29, 1842. He became a soldier about the beginning of the third year of the war, enH.sting a few davs before he had reached his 22nd birthday. ' March 24, 1864, he enrolled as a private in Company C, the color Company of the 37th Wisconsin Infantry, and entered the military service of his country for a term of three years. He went from his native soil, the recruiting officer being stationed at Mineral Point, Lafayette Co., Wis. He re- ceived honorable discharge at Madison, Wis., July 26, 18()5, at the close of the war. At the time Mr. Clark enlisted, the army officials were clamoring for men to take the place of those whose terms of enlistment were expiring, in order that they might not be com- jjelled to substitute inexperienced and uudis- 562 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF ciplined troops for skilled and trained soldiers, and men were also in immediate requisition to aid in holding the advantages that had been gained. Consequently, those who enlisted at this period did so with a full understanding that the situation was filled with the mishaps of war.* In this particular, the records of our soldiers eclipse those of any body of military men on liistory's pages. The 37th Wisconsin was hurried to the seat of war before its com- panies were filled, proceeding direct to Wash- ington. May 30, it went to White House, Va., then the base of supplies. At that point it was placed as guard for rebel prisoners and to pro- tect the line of the Richmond Railroad. June 10th the command guarded a supply train to Cold Harbor and, at that time, received its army assignment to the First Brigade, General Hartranft, Third Division, General Wilcox, and Ninth Army Corps, General Burnside. On the 12th of June, the regiment took place in the line, the crossing of the James River was accomplished and the 9th Corps commenced its record in the terrible experiences in front of Petersburg. Juue IGtli it successfully supported a charge on the rebel works and assisted in the capture of three redans. On the two days fol- lowing, it was in the dreadful exposure in the " crater " after the explosion of the mine, where it had that most cruel experience, eight hours exposure to the direct fire of the foe without support. But the dangers of the situation were such, and the demoralization resulting from changes at the last moment in the j)lans of the commanders of the white and colored brigades was so decided, that support was simply im- possible without risks that, it may be surmised, commanders did not feel like incurring, by issuing what might have been fruitless orders. The fact that our soldiers were acting intelli- gently in their fighting had an influence on officials that has never been candidly estimated. The conduct of the command was such that General Grant personally complimented its soldiers for their pluck and gallantr3^ The loss was 160 killed and wounded. The regiment returned to its former position. (The current number of the Centiury magazine, Sep- tember, 1887, has a characteristic article on the "Tragedy of the Crater," which, in a remarka- ble manner displays the event and the perform- ances of officials, with no mention whatever of the 37th Wisconsin). Among the wounded June 17, were the brother and brother-in-law of Mr. Clark. Charles Clark held the position of Corporal of Company C and was injured in the explosion of the mine. He died Jul)' 17tli at Chester Hos- pital, Pa. Francis Rasey, the brother of Mrs. Clark, was shot through the bowels and sur- vived but four hours. The next heavy action in which the regiment participated was at Poplar Grove Church, or Pegram's Farm, where Mr. Clark was slightly wounded, September 30th. In passing, it may be related that the regimental flag had been saved by the merest chance three times. The first time the Color Sergeant, Wra. Green, se- verely wounded, brought it off the field in his teeth, July 30, when the crater blew up. In the third instance, the flagstaff was shot away and the Adjutant made a sally for it at the risk of his life; it was sent to Governor Lewis, who placed it in the capitol at Madison. The last action in which the 37th was in active fighting, was at Fort Mahone, which they reduced, and, immediately after, they were rejoiced by the in- telligence of the fall of the Confederacy. The command made a part of the Grand Review at Washington and on the 26th of July was mustered out of the service of the United States at Madison. Mr. Clark rejoined his family at Oshkosh on the termination of the war and resumed his former occupation. He is at present carrying on the business of a builder and contractor, and is conducting the construction of the elegant church building of the Episcopal Society of Oshkosh. He was married to Miss Carrie M. Rasey, April 27, 1861, a few days alter the attack on the fort in Charleston Harbor. Mr Clark is the son of Cyrus Clark, a native of Massachusetts. His mother, previous to marriage, was Miss Sa- ra A. Strickland. On the maternal side he is a descendant of a sea captain of Beverly, Mass., the mother being also of New Eifgland extrac- tion and a member of an infiuential family. "OSEPH P. THORNTON, of Neenah, Wis., /;jl belonging to Post No. 44, was born ®l> Oct. 14, 1833, in Erie Co., Pa. When he was five years old his parents went to Ohio and, in 1848, to Lake Co., Ills., where PERSONAL RECORDS. 563 they resided two years. In 1850 they located in Racine Co., Wis. He made the several re- movals with liis parents and, in his youth, be- came a miller, which was his business until lie enlisted. He is descended from patriotic stock, his paternal grandfather having fought in the Revolution. He enlisted April 14, 1862, at Racine in Company K, Ca]-)tain Bates, 19th Wisconsin Infantry for three years. The regi- ment went to Camp Utley, Racine and thence to Camp Randall, Madison, and from there to- Hampton, Va., to maUe connection with the Army of the James. From tliere to Norfolk, Yorktown, Fortress Monroe, Windsor Station, and Suttolk, again to Yorktown, to Newport News and to barracks at Newbern, tells the story of the experiences of Mr. Thornton for some months. He was ill with chronic bowel disease and also suffered with sore eyes and passed a long time in hospital at Hampton. In September, 1864, lie was detailed by Dr. Mc- Clellan to dress wounds and in the latter part of that month he assumed that duty. Several hundred naen who had been wounded at Dutch Gap, were brought in after lying on the field three days, many of them having gan- grened wounds and the whole were conamitted to the care of four men who assumed charge of 400 and worked 24 hours without rest. Just before dinner on the second day Mr. Thornton laid down and fell asleep. He bad absorbed poi.son irom a wound and, when he awoke bis hand had begun to turn tilack. But he re- sumed work, instructing otiiers how to care for tlieir suffering comrades. After the battle of Fair Oaks, Oct. 17th, 1864, the regiment was on picket duty in front of Richmond and Mr. Thornton was in the as.sault of April 3rd and witnessed the planting of the regimental colors on the court house in the city of Riciimond. He refused promotion, preferi'ing to serve in the ranks and received honorable discharge April 29, 1865. After his return to Wisconsin he was employed in a mill uniil the disease in his eyes became so troublesome that he could no longer pursue that business. His lirother Henr}' was an enlisted man in Company E, 19th Wiscon- sin and died in 1876 at New London ; he lost three sons in the war. William R. enlisted in the 26th New York and died at Alexandria. Francis served in the 101st New York, was taken prisoner and taken to Salisbury prison, where he died from hardship and suffering. Charles Thornton died at Madison. Leonard Thornton was a soldier in the 50th Wi.scuiisin and lives at Antigo. Mr. Thornton was married Jan. 9, 1853, to (!liarlolt(; Dibble and they had three children. Henry A. lives in Waukesha Co., Wis. Ellen died in 1880. AUie 1). lives in Grand Rapids, Mich. The mother died, and Mr. Thornton was married July 4, 1873, to iier sister, Amelia Dibble; their children were named Sarah E., Charles E., Clarence A., Ellen M. and Arthur J. Two children are not living. Both wives were born in England, the daughters of Rich- ard and Charlotte Dibble, who came to this country an^5«S^1^5«f-« UTHER B. NOYES, of Marinette, Wis., was horn Dec. 17, 1830, in Cin- j, cinnatus, Courtland Co., New York. ^ His father, Isaac Noyes, M. D., was a physician in the Empire State and in 1842, re- moved to Michigan, and thence to Milton Wisconsin, where he died in 1880, aged 80 years. The genealogy of the Noyes family to which Mr. Noyes bslongs, traces to Mayflower ancestors in 1620. The mother, Minerva Os- good before" marriage, was of New England stock and died when her son was an infant. Samuel, brother of Mr. Noyes, died at St. Joseph, Mo., in 1859 ; lie was the founder of the Collegiate Institute at that place. Another brother, Osgood I., is a Dakota farmer ; he was a soldier in the 8th Wisconsin and was in the Army of the Pumberland. In November, 1801, Mr. Noyes enlisted at Sparta, Wis., in Company C, 18th Wisconsin Infantry for three years. The regiment was organized at Milwaukee and started for St. Louis, Marcb 30, 1802. Proceeding thence to Pittsburg Landing, Tenn., connection was made with Grant's army at dark, April 5th and the command was assigned to the Division of General Prentiss. The regiment was with- out rations and wholly inexperienced in actual warfare when it went into the very first of the figliting on Sunday. Mr. Noyes was left sick at Savannah, was sent home later on sick furlough of 30 days, re- porting then to the Department of St. Louis to be detailed as clerk, in which capacity he of- ficiated until discharged in September follow- ing. He returned to Monroe county and was elected clerk of the Circuit Court and served until January, 1864. Meanwhile he assisted G. A. Fisk in raising Company D, 30th Wisconsin Infantry, the former being commissioned Cap- tain and the latter 1st Lieutenant. The win- ter (1863-4) was passed at Madison and, May 19th, the regnnent made connection with the Army of the Potomac at Fredericksburg, being assigned to the 1st Brigade, 2nd Division, 2nd Army Corps, General Hancock commanding. Mr. Noyes was engaged in the activities that ibllowed the battle of Fredericksburg, marched, skirmished and fought in the heavier engage- ments at North Anna and Cold Harbor. At Tolopotoray Creek he was in a sharp encounter and in a decoy movement, June 1st, was in one of the most perilous positions that is possible — advancing to draw the fire of an enemy to pro- tect another portion of the field. Four com- panies in the van lost more than half t,heir number. The other six companies lost 50 men. June 15th, the 36th reached Petersburg and two days after the command made its record of glory in the charge in which it was the only regiment tliat had advanced over the defenses. Company D being the last to withdraw with the dead and wounded. Mr. Noyes was severely wounded in his leg while in tlie rifle pits and was sent to the field hospital at City Point on the James River. He was transferred to New York City and when able to travel, returned home for a 30-day furlough, when he reported to the officers' hosjjital at Annapolis, under charge of Surgeon B. A. Vandergrift. Mr. Noyes was attacked with erysipelas in his wound and amputation seemed imminent. Fin- ally, General Grant issued an order for tlie ex- amination by a commission of the invalid por- tion of the army and Mr. Noyes was discharged on account of wounds received " while bravely fighting at the front." On his return to Monroe county he was ap- pointed County Judge to fill a vacancy and re- mained in office one year until the election of his successor. In later years he became travel- ing representative for several newspapers suc- cessively, among them the Chicago Repnblican, now the Inter- Ocean, the Journal, the Milwaukee Sentinel and Evening Wisconsin. He was also proprietor of the Sheboygan Herald for about two years. Iii the spring of 1871 he came to Marinette and established the Eagle, issuing the first paper in June. He has since been the principal proprietor, the concern being now a PERSONAL RECORDS. 565 stock company and styled the Eagle Printing Company. His son, Frank E., is the manager. Mr. Noyes' marriage to Isabella Woodward of Appleton took place April 21, 1855, and they have a daughter, Minnie B. Mrs. Noyes' father was among the first settlers at that place and was, for many years, a prominent mer- chant there. She was born in Syracuse, N. Y. '»i^^<=«^^<5*:^ -Sf OHN /I W. EVANS, of Waupaca, Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 21, is a pioneer of the county in which he re- sides and is the proprietor of the woolen mills at that place. He was born in Newton, Montgomeryshire, Wales, July 10, 1843, and in 1846 came to America with his parents, Evan and Marj' (Hughes) Evans, and located in Oneida Co., New York, where they lived about five years. They went from there to Madison Co., New York, and thence to Onandaga county in the same State, where they pas.sed tlie re- maining years of tlieir lives. In their native country, the parents were engaged in the woolen industry and the son was trained in an understanding of that business. He was 18 •years old when rebellion arose in the land, and he attempted to enter the army. Wlien he presented himself for the recjuired examination his frail appearance caused his rejection. Finally, he enlisted Feb. 16, 1804, at Marcellus, Onandaga county, in Battery E, 3rd New York Light Artillery, for tiiree years. He proved the fallacy of the general supposition that only those of robust appearance are capable of en- durance, for he was not excu.sed from duty while in the service. He accompanied his bat- tery to Newbern, N. C, and thence to the scene of activities in the Army of the Potomac, and he passed through the Virginia campaign at Petersburg and Ricluuond. He discharged the duties of his obligation to the country of his adoption with his battery throughout the actions in which it was involved, until he received discharge at Richmond, .lune 23, 1865. In the action at F'ort Darling (Drury's Bluff) the battery was charged by rebels and, alter a hot struggle, orders were issued for every man to look out for himself. Dread of Southern prisons was an impetus to seek safety with least possible delay, and Mr. Evans narrowly escaped with his life, his clothing and knapsack being j)ierced by bullets. Following is an exiract from a paper signed by the Colonel of the regi- ment to which his battery belonged ; "that, rei)osing special trust and confidence in the patriotism, valor, fidelity and abilities of pri- vate John Evans, I do hereby appoint him cor- poral in Light Battery E, 3rd regiment of artil- lery N. Y. S. Vols." He was mustei'ed out at Syracuse. Mr. Evans was one of four children born to his parents who survived them. After their demise, Mr. Evans and his older sister, Mary, now deceased, removed with him in 1867 to Wisconsin. Thomas E., the younger brother, lives at Plankinton, Dak., where he is a civil engineer and farmer. Lizzie (Evans) Smith lives in Waupaca. Evan, the older brother, died on the liomestead in New York while Mr. Evans of this sketch was in the service. The latter located in Waupaca in May, 1867, when the plucky little city was in its pioneer days, and, established the woolen busines,?, wliich he has conducted 21 consecutive years. He mar- ried Annie Edwards of Marcellus, N, Y., in 1868. She was born ni Wales and came to America in early youth. Mr. and Mrs. Evans have four children. William L. was born June 25, 1870, and was graduatetl i'rom the high school of Waupaca in June, 1888. M.Grace was born in November, 1873; May E. was born in Feln-uary, 1875; Llewellyn W. was born in July, 1879. Mr. Evans holds a leading pcsition as one of the enterprising business men of Waupaca, where he is enjoying an elegant home and the rejiulation of a man of ability, probity and fi- delity to the institutions of the Republic. His hospitality and goodi'ellowsbip have made him popular in the community to which he belongs, where he is considered an honorable, high toned gentleman. He is a member of the County and Sciiool Boards of Waupaca, is present Com- mander of J. A. Garfield Post at Waupaca, and a man of influence in the Order. X AVID HAMMOND, a resident of New- "^^ ton Township, Marquette Co., Wis., was born June 20, 1852, in Fenner, Madison Co., New York, and is the son of Joseph and Mary (Chapman) Hammond. 566 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF In 1841 he removed to Waukesha Go., Wiscon- sin, and in 1854 to Marquette county, where he still resides on section 7 of tlie township named. He lias heen engaged in agriculture throughout his civil life and is a suhstantial member of the agricultural class in business, owning 110 acres of land. He enlisted Nov. 24, 1803, at Green Bay, in Company D, 1st Wisconsin Infantry for three yeais, and remained in the- service until the close of the war, receiving iion;)rable discharge July IS, 1865, near Louisville, Ky. In Sep- tember, 18(i4, he was transferred to the 21st Wisconsin Infantry, and afterwards to the 3rd Wisconsin Infantry. He joined his regiment in the winter of 1863-4 and was with the command at Ringgold, Ga., where the forces of the 14th Army Corjis, to which the 1st Wiscon- sin belonged, were stationed, preparatory to the Atlanta campaign. The regnnent was in the action at Resaca and in the battle near Dallas, known as Pumpkin Vine Greek and moved, afterwards, to Ackworth and was in line of bat- tle about 20 days. Mr. Hammond was in the action at Big Shanty and afterwards at Kene- saw Mountain and' was under hre at Peach Tree Creek. He was on duty in the trenches in the siege of Atlanta and afterwards was in the operations on the Macon railroad to destroy tlie only railroad communication open to the rebels. He was in a tight at .Jonesboro and was transferred to the 21st Wisconsin under the order to re-assign recruits and veterans to that organization. The regiment was assigned to the 14th Gori)S, and in November Mr. Plam- mond moved on the march to the sea, the corps being commanded by .let! G. Davis. He was in the work of destruction in burning cities and bridges and dispersing rebels and reached the coast of Georgia about the middle of De- cember to participate in the siege of Savannah. After the occupation of that city Mr. Hammond was in the work of devastation thi'ough the Carolinas and was in the action at Bentonville which closed his connection with active warfare and he went to Goldsboro and Raleigh and thence on the long march northward, where he witnessed and participated in the closing scenes previous to leaving the army, lie was trans- ferred to the 3rd Wisconsin Veteran regiment in .June. He returned to his home and farm in Mar- quette county, where he gave his first attention to the recovery of his health. While the regiment was stationed at Atlanta, he was relieved from duty five weeks on account of illness in the fall of 1804 and he was dischaiged while still ill. He married Charity Lackey, and their surviv- ing children are named Bertha, Abraham, Philo, Ellen, Zera, EfRe, Flora and Seraph. The oldest daughter is married. Orson, Arthur, Elmer and Bennett are deceased. The paternal grandfather of Mrs. Hammond was a soldier in 1812 and was captured by the Indians, remain- ing in their custody seven years before he could escape. Philo, Athamer, Willis and Charles, brotiiers of Mrs. Hammond, were sol- diers in the rebellion ; Charles was wounded in action and died in the hospital at Washington. ►J»i>-^^J^;^(J^>^5^-^<5*f-* OHN D. KLEINER, of New London, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. •^''1 46, was born Jan. 6, 1828, at Happen- bach, Heilbrann, Germany. His parents, Charles and Anna. Maria (Frolich) Kleiner,were born, lived and died in Germany. They had six cliildren — three sons and three daughters, and the brothers and sisters of Mr. Kleiner were named Christian D., Henry, Sophia, Mar- garetha and Carolina. Henry and Sophia died in Germany. Christian resides at Mountsville, W. Va. Carolina lives in Germany at the old home. Mr. Kleiner came to America and located in WiscoiLsin. He enlisted Aug. 22, 1864, in Company F, 5th Wisconsin Infantry, on the re- organization of the regiment, at Stevens Point, for one year. He received honorable discharge June 20, 1865, at Halls' Hill, Va. The regi- ment consisted of ten companies and the or- ganization went to the Army of the Potomac. Mr. Kleiner was first in action at Hatcher's Run, next in the skirmish in front of Fort Fisher, and went thence to Petersburg and fought in the trenches until the surrender, and again at Sailor's Creek, after which he en- gaged in numbers of skirmishes preceding the surrender of Lee at Appomattox. He was wounded April 2nd, at Petersburg. His in- jury was not severe and he remained with the regiment. He returned to Wisconsin, where he has since been a resident. He was first married at Philadelphia, to Regina Praeger, and she died PERSONAL RECORDS. 567 at Pittsburg, Pa. Their children were named John W. and Carolina. The son was married to Bertha Brenzige, and tlieir sons were named Ferdinand and David Leonard. Carolina is the- wile of Charles Hchiltler, a merchant tailor at Watertown, Wis. Tliey lost their daughter Ethna at the age of one year. Mr. Kleiner was married to Ins second wife, Mary Miller, at Pittslnirg, Pa. Tlieir children were named Henry, Einina, Wilhelni, Mary, Frank, and Louisa. Emma died in ISSI, at New London. Wilhelm died Feb. 4, LSSS. Mary married William Wanner, and has two daughters. Mr. Kleiner is now living with his third wife, Mag- daiena Wanner, before marriage. Their union took place Aug. 27, 1879. She had six children by her former marriage. '-S>1^-S>!^$^^S ILLIAM HENRY SMITH, of An- tigo. Wis., and a member of Post John H. Kellogg, No. 78 G. A. R., was born Eel). 10, at Salmon River, Clinton Co., New York. He has been a resident of Aiitigo, since 1881, when he established his business as a druggist at that place. March 23, 1882, he was appoint- ed Postmaster by President Hayes and was re- apj)ointed April 23, 1884, by President Arthur. He has served one term as City Treasurer and is at present (1888) Register of Deeds. He is the son of Sidney and Julia (McKenney) Smith, and represents stock of the State of New York of early times and patriotic repute. He was reared at home in his native county and when he was 22, enlisted as a recruit of the 2nd Veteran New York Cavalry, July 20, 1803, at Plattsburg, enrolling in H Company. He was made Corporal soon after joining the regiment and, Aug. 15, 1864, he was promoted to Ser- geant and was discharged as Connnissary Ser- geant, Nov. 8, 1865, at Talladegha, Ala. The 2nd Veteran New York Cavalry was enlisted from veterans in response to a call of Govei'nor Seymour for two regiments for special service. In about 70 days two battalions of four companies each were forwarded to Wash- ington and camped at Geisboro Point. An- other battalion joined them and the organiza- tion was completed Dec. 5, 1863, numbering 1841, 1,246 men with Morgan H. Chrysler, Colonel, and Chas. II. Bentley, Captain of H Company. In January the regiment reported to (General Banks at New Orleans, arriving Feb. 16tli and were assigned to the 5th Brigade of the Cavalry Division undc^' (General Lee, and connected with the Red River expedition. Only eight com- panies were mounted, including H Company, March 21st, the forces under General Mower surprised the rebels in the night, capturing 500 prisoners and a 12-pound battery. April 4th, a tight at Cam])ti on the Red River, resulted in the ex[)ulsion of the reljels from the town wilii severe punishment. April 9th, the companies from the several battalions of New York Cavalry were with Gen. A. J. Smith in the battle at Plea.sant Hill, where they were deployed to at- tract the attention of rebels and received direct fire for an hour during which time batteries were placed in position; 14 men and officers were wounded, some mortally. April 28th, the Union forces retreated from Grand Ecore, tbe 5th Cavalry P.rigade leading the way and dis- puting every inch of the route. April 23d, the regiment arrived at Cane River Crossing. A heavy detachment of Taylor's (rebel) men, sup- ported by artillery, were bent on hindering their passage and failed, the [Tiiion soldiers taking possession of a bluff and jilanting thereon the Ijanner of the United States, driving its former possessors seven miles. General Emory's offi- cial report made flattering mention of this ac- tion, in which Mr. Smith was a participant. From April 25th to May 13th, they were con stantly in action, raiding and skirmishing, and on tlie last date the 2nd New York Cavalry acted as rear guard to the Atchafalaya River, taking part in two severe skirmishes. They went next to Morganzia and thence to New Or- leans, proceeding thence to Pensacola, Fla. They made their way from tluit point through the "pine woods and skirmished to Spanish Fort, taking part in theengagement there, and proceeding after its reduction to Fort Blakely. From there to Selma and thence to Montgom- ery, Ala., and to the place of discharge, outlines the finale of Mr. Smith's war experience. Previous to his enlistment he had been en- gaged ill farming and returned to Plattsburg after being mustered out at Albany. After two weeks stay he came to Butte des Mortes, Wis. In 1876 he went to Black Hills and mined for several months with indifferent success. Here- turned to the East and went to the Centennial 508 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF celebration at Philadelphia. He passed six weeks at Plattsbuig and again engaged in farm- ing summers at Buttes des Mortes, Wis., and lumbering in the winters, and was thus engaged until he went to Antigq. He attended the Na- tional Encampment at St. Louis in lcS87. Five uncles and a cousin of Mr Smith enlisted as follows: — James Smith, 16th New York Lifantry; Daniel and Harvey McKinney, 96th Lifantry; Alexander and Henry Clay Smith jn New York Lifantry regiments; Alonzo Smith, 16th New York Infantry. Mr. Smith of this sketch enlisted as Henry Smith. He is un- married. In 1887, with W. H. Blinnand A. B.Millard, he was appointed Commissioner to disburse a fund appropriated by Langlade county for the relief of indigent soldiers on which he was ap- pointed by .Judge Eli Waste. ILLIAM H. BARKER, Stevens Point, Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 156, was born in Wood- stock, Vt., September 16, 1826, son of Thomas Barker, Jr., and Lucy (Washburn) Barker. The family is of un- mixed Yankee origin and the father died in 1880 aged 85 years. The mother is still living at (iueechy, Vt., and is 82 years old. The fam- ily included five sons, all of whom entered the army in the civil war and Mr. Barker of this sketcli, the oldest ot the brothers, is the only survivor. Seth was killed in the battle of the Wilderness and Thomas was wounded in the same action and survived only 20 days after he reached home. Michael was an enlisted man in the 6tli Vermont and was wounded in the same tight ; he was also brought home to die. Jairus J. was with General Jim Lane in Kan- sas and returned home to die in two weeks; his condition was such that he was unable to con- verse. Mr. Barker came to Wisconsin in September, 1855. Dec. 12, 1861, he enlisted in Comjiany B, 14th Wisconsin Infantry at Weyauwega and he passed the remainder of the winter in camp at Fond du Lac. In the spring the regiment went to St. Louis and he was in his first battle at Pittsburg Landing and on the way to Cor- inth he was in a mounted detail of 50 men to and chase guerillas and was injured by being thrown from his horse. He caught in the stir- rup and was so injured as to become perma- nentlj'^ an invalid. Not being able to carry a gun, he was detailed as Orderly of (Uptain Worden to carry dispatches. From Memphis, Tenn., he went to Smith's Plantation in Louis- iana, where they crossed the river at Hard Times Landing, had a fight and on the way to the rear of Vicksburg fought at Raymond, Champion's Hill and in the siege of Vicksburg Mr. Barker was in action 47 successive days, acting as Orderly of General T. C. Ransom, commander of the 17th Army Corps. After the fall of Vicksburg the command went to Natchez where Ransom commanded the post and Mr. Barker served as his private Orderly and accompanied Major Worden on several raids to Woodville, Liberty and other places where large quantities of provisions, numbers of horses and other supplies were captured. Mr. Barker went from Natchez to Vicksburg and thence to New Orleans where he reported to Major General Banks and crossed the Gulf of Mexico on the old sliij) " Warrior " an unsea- worthy vessel. They were seven days on the passage to Brazos, encountering a storm and throwing everything overboard. Mr. Barker joined the loth Army Corps under Ransom in the Banks' Red River expedition and coming up the coast tliey captured ^lustang Island. They were on the steamer Bagley which went to pieces in the night and the troops she carried reached shore as best they could. After staying there a few weeks, they moved up the coast to St. Joseph, crossed to Matagorda Bay where Fort Esperanza was captured and went thence to Brazos City and marched through the coun- try, destroyed Alexandria, and had a fight at Sabiue Cross Roads, in which action General Ransom was wounded and relieved of his com- mand. Mr. Barker was witii the command wluch pi'oceeded next to New Orleans and, af- ter a sta}'' of 13 days, went to Cairo whence General Ransom went to Chicago, leaving his headquarters in the care of Mr. Barker, his pri- vate Orderly, where he remained until the command was ordered to report to General Sherman before Atlanta and he was a partici- pant in the siege there and afterwards was in the fight at Jonesboro. The command moved from Atlanta to the vicinity of Rome, Ga., where intelligence was received of the death of General Ransom and Mr. Barker went to Chi- PERSONAL RECORDS. 569 cago with his personal effects of which he had had charge as liis Orderly. The health of Mr. Barker was so seriously impaired that he was given leave of absence by General Sherman which covered his unexpired term t\nd he was sent home and discharged at Madison, Dec. 10, 1864. Mr. Barker was married Jan. 25, 1869, at Stevens Point to Mary A., daughter of Peter and Annie Hiord, natives of Norway. Alice M., only child of Mr. and Mrs. Barker, died when a few months less than eight years old. -^>t^'~^*^^^<^^t^-''^*S^ EORGE WASHINGTON NOBLE, of Appleton, Wis., was born Oct. 7, 1827, in Hyde Park, Lamoille Co., Vt. His parents, Simeon and Mary (Coats) Noble, were respectively natives of Mas- sachusetts and Connecticut. The former was descended from stock of Irish extraction and of long standing in the Bay Stale. The ancestors of the mother were original settlers of Con- necticut and were of German lineage. Mr. Noble represents patriotism in both lines, his forefathers having been soldiers of the Revolu- tion. Charles and Levi Noble, his paternal uncles, were soldiers in 1812. Heleft^"ermont for New Hampshire m 1844, where he remained two years. From there he went to Ohio and continued to reside in that State seven years, removing thence to Mineral Point, Wis. After a stay there of two years he went to Wyota, and, between two and three years later, made another transfer of his interests to Monroe, Wis. After the war closed lie settled at Appleton, where he has operated as a painter. He was married June 17, 1849, to Mary C. Davis and tliey had two children. Acasta G. married G. H. Richmond of Appleton. They have one child — Fred. The second child of Mr. Noble, Jessie F., married Paul Stabrau, and lives in St. Paul, Minn. The last was born in Wi-sconsin. The older daughter was born in Vermont. The second marriage of Mr. Noble to Mrs. Cliloe Doucet took place Oct. 28, 1875. Mary F. and Cassius M. are her children by former marriage. Mrs. Noble is the daughter of Perry and Margaret (McAlister) Lovely. The name was originally Lovell, but the earliest ancestor of the family was one of the regicide refugees, who fled from England on account of being involved in the beheading of Charles I., and the name has since been called Lovely. Tlie father of Mrs. Noble was born in Vermont and her mother in Connecticut. Their ancestors for generations had resided in those two States, and were i'es})ectively of English and Scotch origin. Tiie father of Mrs. Noble fought in 1812. She v/as married March 21st, 1857, to Joseph D. Doucet. He enlisted in the 14th Wisconsin Infantry, Company E, in which he was Corporal. He was wounded at Corinth, Oct. 7, 1863, by a bayonet thrust through liis body and was taken pri-soner and held three months at Vicksburg when he was paroled. He went to St. Louis, where he was discharged and, in February, went home to Manitowoc, where he remained until the .spring of 1864. He then re-enlisted as a veteran recruit in the same company and regiment. He passed through the closing scenes of the war with Sherman on the march through Georgia and the Cai'olinas. After the war he was variously engaged for a time and lost his life in the dis- aster to the Sea Bird, whicli burned off Wau- kegan, April 9, 1867. Horace and Silas Lovely, brothers of Mrs. Noble, enlisted respectively in in the 30th and 21st Wisconsin regiments. The latter died of disease contracted in the army. Willis Baker, her nephew, ran away to enlist and in a charge made upon the battery to which he belonged, was blown to pieces. Mr. Noble enlisted Aug. 11, 1862, in Com- pany B, 31st Wisconsin Infantry at Monroe, Wis., for three years. Soon after the forma- tion of the company, lie was made Sergeant and received honorable discharge at Madison, June 25, 1865. Tlie 31st Wisconsin was irreg- ularly raised and the organization was not completed until the middle of .January, 1863. Meanwhile, Company B passed the time at Prairie du Chien, Camp Utley, Racine, and at Madison, where the soldiers made themselves acquainted with military tactics. The com- mand left the State in March, but Mr. Noble was ill with inflamatory rheumatism during the summer and went to the hospital at Columbus, Ky., where he pa.ssed nine months. He was considered hopelessly ill and was sent to Madison on a furlough permitting him to pass three months at Appleton. He re- joined his company at Stone River, where they passed the winter and Iks operated on detaclied (.luty as a mounted scout, patrolling, building 570 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF fortifications, collecting government propertj', and searching for bushwliackers. There were 60 of these mounted scouts from ihe regiment, and the service they performed is specially mentioned by the officials. The command made connection with the army jjrejjaratory to moving on Atlanta, at Peach Tree Creek, July 21st. At Atlanta, Mr. Noble was among tliose in the front line and was a participant in all the activity in the vicinity of the city for the entire course of tlie siege lasting tliirty days and terminating September 1st. The regi- ment recrossed the Cliattahoochie Aug. 25tb, to entertain the rebels while the 14th Army Corps moved on Jonesboro and, Sej)teml)er 4th, the skirmishers from the command took possession of Atlanta. Tlie work performed during the march from Atlanta to Savannali was appalling. Once they liad a tight with a chance party of rebels, in which they made a charge through a swamp regarded as impassible and captured the works and camp. In the actions at Savan- nah, Tiiompson's Creek, Averysboro, Benton- ville, and in the furtiier operations in the Car- olinas Mr. Noble was engaged. He was present at all the closing scenes after the war and was discharged as stated. *-^^ ^5^-« Ip^RANK STEISKAL, Kewaunee, Wis,. '^^-^- member of G. A. R. Post No. 155, was born in Bohemia, Dec. 17, 1841. He removed from his native country to America in 1854, landing at the port of New York, Aug. 19th. His parents located with their family in the county of Manitowoc, set- tling on a farm and the son went in the follow- ing year to Green Bay. He obtained a situa- tion in a store and also the privilege of attend- ing school and remained about two years. He divided the time between Two Rivers, Kewau- nee, Green Bay and Manitowoc, and in 1860 went to Chicago, where he was still remaining when the war supervened. In August, 1862, he enlisted in Company F, 82nd Illinois Infan- try. The regiment was assigned to the Army of the Potomac, with which it was connected until after the battle of Gettysburg, in conjunc- tion with the 11th Army Corps. The ccnu- mand reached the front in time to participate in the disastrous fighting at Chancellorsville and Mr. Steiskal was in that action and many le.s.ser ones that transpired before it. He re- ceived a fiesh wound in his leg at Chancellors- ville and was taken prisoner, remaining in rebel custody about four weeks, when he re- ceived parole. He pa,ssed the time at Libby and on Belle Isle in the James River. After receiving parole, he went to Annapolis, and afterwards, to Camp Chase at Columlnis and thence to Benton Barracks, St. Louis, wliere lie was exchanged. His eyes were in bad condi- tion, as a result of his injury and incompetent and brutal usage in the hands of the rebels. 1 he medical treatment he received was little better than none. After exchange, he was sent to his regiment, which had been transferred with the corps of Hooker and was located at Chatta- nooga. He reached there Justin season to par- ticipate in the actions at Mission Ridge and Lookout Mountain. He went, after Bragg's defeat, to assist in the relief of Burnside at Knoxville and next to the siege of Atlanta in 1864. He was in the battles of Resaca, Pump- kin Vine Creek, Culp's Hill, Dallas or New Hope Church, Pine Mountain, Peach Tree Creek and in the siege proper. At Culp's Hill, three separate charges of the rebels were re- jnilsed, the dead bodies of many of them being found within six feet of the improvised breast- works. At New Hope Church and Peach Tree Creek the fighting was of similar severity-. Besides these battles, Mr. Steiskal was in nu- merous skirmishes pertaining to the Atlanta campaign and in battle at Averysboro and Ben- tonville in Nortii Carolina. He went through Georgia and tiie Carolinas to the sea and suffer- ed incessantly froiii the trouble with his eyes, which grew worse until April, 1865-, near the close of the campaign in Nortli Carolina when he became totuUy blind. Wiien Raleigh was reached after Johnston's surrender he had to be led by his comrades. He was sent thence to the hospital at Newborn and when the granu- lation and intlammation had been somewhat reduced, he was sent North and remained at the camp convalescent at Alexandria until his regiment arrived there preparatorv to the Re- view. He could have obtained dischai'ge on account of the condition of his eyes when at St. Louis, but refused the favor, being deter- mined to return to his regiment. He has suf- fered much from the disease and has received treatment witliout benefit since his return from the army. He received his honorable dis- PERSONAL RECORDS. 571 charge in July, 1865, at Washington after a service of nearly three years. He was married in 1870 to Mary Chladek, of Chicago, and the)' have two children named Otto L. and Alhina L. Mr. Steiskal is holding the position of cashier of the Bank of Kewau- nee which he has occupied seven years. (1888.) He has been a resident of Wisconsin since 1881 when he came to Kewaunee from Chicago, where he had resided after his discharge. •^^w^-f-»»t^ '^»tf-»>^*tf-* ^AMES JORDAN, of Marion, Wis., is a ^1 citizen of the United States bj' adoption ^J| and a veteran of the Civil War. He is a member of G. A. R. Post No. 79, (I. Ramsdell) and is respected as a man and has an honorable record as a soldier. He was born Nov. 6, 1838, in Omagh, County Tyrone, Ire- land, and came to America in 1863. He landed at Quebec, Canada, and went thence direct to the State of New York. His first act of im- portance in the New World was his enlistment Dec. 21, 1863, as a private in I Company, 14th New York Heavy Artillery for three years or during the war, at Rochester. He received honorable discharge at Rochester Sept. 5, 1865, after the war. He was in the several battles of the Wilderness and passed through the two days of fighting in that engagement, which cost so much and accomplished so little, without being injured. Four days later he was in the fight at Spottsylvania Court House, and, June 3rd, risked the fate of war again at the battle of Cold Harbor. June 17th he was also engaged in the siege of Petersburg and his regiment continued in that vicinity and engaged in the frequent skirmishing in which so many soldiers suffered loss of life and limb. He received per- manent injury 4,0 his sight and hearing March 25, 1865, by the bursting of a shell in close proximity to his head. His left eye is sightless and he is totally deaf in his left ear. He re- turned to his home a wrecked and broken man, destined never to be well again, as he continues to suffer from tlie disabilities of chronic diar- riioea and rheumatism. In the land of his nativity he was brouglit up a farmer and followed that occupation prin- cipalh', with one exception, when he passed a few months in Scotland as a puddler in an iron mine. After the war he went to Canada, where he married Mary Jane, daugliter of W. T. and Jane Rogers. In 1870 he removed to Wisconsin where he has resided since. His family includes seven children — four sons and three daughters — .James Henry, Jane Rebecca, Joseph Benjamin, William John, Walter Au- gustus, Flora Christina and Annie Laura. X'ictoria Ella is not living. The mother is a woman of estimable character and is, in every sense, a helj^meet for her invalid husband. HARLES REPE, a resident at Osh- kosh. Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 10, was born July 22, 1849, in Prussia, and he is the son of Fred and Caroline Repe. "His parents came to Amer- ica in 1855, when he was nine years old and the family came direct from the port of land- ing at New York to Milwaukee, where Mr. Repe resided until he was 16 years old and in the spring of 1865, he went to Chicago, where he enrolled March 20th as a landsman to be as- signed to marine service. He was sent to Cairo, where he was put on a receiving ship for drill and was afterwards assigned to the stean^ frig- ate "Orion" and went down the Mississippi River to Natchez where he was stationed about 60 clays and was sent back to Vicksburg. Mr. Refie was there taken ill and placed on the hos- pital boat "Red Rover" and sent up the Missis- sippi River to Mound City above Cairo, 111., and was discharged from that boat for disability in September, 1865. His name is recorded in naval archives as "Charles Ripp," which was not corrected by the person most interested, as he was too young to comprehend the nnportance. After his discharge he returned to Milwaukee and completed his knowledge of the manufac- ture of paj)er which he commenced previous to his enlistment, and which he aljandoned in op- position to the wishes of his parents in his anxiety to enter the Union service, which he had been prevented from doing on account of his youth. He was in the employ of Nune- machor & McNab two years before he enlisted and remained with them seven years afterward, until he again became ill, when he engaged in the business of a stone cutter, his physicians having advised him to obtain employ in the 572 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF open air and he has since pursued the avocation of a stone cutter. In 1872, he located at Osli- kosh and was employed as foreman in the yard of Alfred Chappie in whose interest he operated 14 years. At the death of Mr. Chappie lie be- came proprietary owner of the business by pur- chase and pursued its relations on his own ac- count. He is extensively engaged in the stone cutting business at Oshkosh and employs a con- siderable, force of assistants. He was married June 25, 1873, to Francelia Thew. Their children are named Willie Ehner and Robert Bja'on. Mr. Repe is of unmixed German lineage and his wife of American de- scent, but of Prussian and English origin, her paternal grandfather having been born in Prus- sia and her great grandmother in England. -;>t>»^»^»J^^l«5.^-^.^5<^-^ RNOLI) WHEELER, Hunting, Wis., L^ a former soldier of the civil war, was l)orn Oct. 10, 181o, in Danby, Rut- land Co., Vermont, and he is the son of Stephen and Sarah Wheeler. He lived in his native State until he was 17, when he went to New Orleans. He passed seven successive winters in the Crescent City, engaged in the business of a carpenter and, alternating sum- mers, he passed in Ohio in the business of a flat-boatman, running on the Ohio and Missis- sippi Rivers. He went thence to Massachusetts where he passed a year in a manufacturing town, engaged in making boxes for a cotton factory. From there he went to New York and thence to Aspinwall and was interested in rail- roading on the Isthmus a little more than five months. He returned to Massachusetts and worked three years as a carpenter. In 1853 he went to Rockford, 111., and worked in a thresh- ing machine factory three years. His next re- move was to Wau})aca count}', Wisconsin, where he remained until the date of the war. He was chiefly engaged as a carpenter, but a short time before entering the army he engaged in farming. Nov. 12, 18G3, he enlisted in Company D, 32nd Wisconsin Infantry, at Oslikosh as a re- cruit for three years or during the war. After the termination of active hostilities he was transferred to the 16th Wisconsin Infantry, tlie change being effected at Georgetown. He was honorably discharged July 12, 1805, at Louisville, Ky., the war being ended. During his period of active service, Mr. Wheeler suf- fei'ed no wound or illness and did not miss a rod of the heavy and laborious marching in which his regiment participated. He was a part of more than 20 regular engagements which have made the gallant 32nd Wisconsin a part of history, fought and cha.sed Forrest, Roddey and A¥lieeler and went with Sherman on the Meridian expedition, returning to Cairo. The command there embarked on transports and traversed the Ohio and Tennessee Rivers to Decatur, Ala. From that point he was one who contested every rod of ground to Raleigh, N. C, with the rebels and there intelligence of the surrender of Lee was received and, later, arrangements were made for the same act on the part of Joe Johnston, who had stoutly opposed their progress through Georgia and tlie Carolinas. Mr. Wheeler was in the heavy march to the National Capital where he was transferred and discharged as stated. After the war he went to Montpelier, Vt., where he was occupied until 1867 in the busi- ness of a confectioner. In that year he came to Fremont, Wis., and a year later went to Denver, Col., and, six montlis later, returned to Fremont. He interested himself in the busi- ness of a lumberman there and moved succes- sively to Linn and Marion where he operated in the same line three-years. He went thence to Merrill and to Hunting where he has since maintained his residence. He is engaged in the prosecution of mercantile interests. Mr. Wheeler was married in 1853 to Martha Clark and tlieir only child is named Charles Wheeler. In 1873 he contracted a second mar- riage with Naomi Greenwood. AMES ALEXANDER RAPPE, Marin- ette, Wis., a member of G. A. R. Post No. 207, was born Oct. 13, 1815, in Rome, Oneida Co., New York. He is a representative of a period which is now almost wholly known on the historical page of which he is personally no inconsiderable part. His father, John Rappe, was born in France, on the Rhine, and came to this country in February, 1778, with Baron Steuben, a Prussian who had PERSONAL RECORDS. 573 served in the army of Frederick the Great, and enrolled with him in time to pivrticipate in the sufferings at Valley Forge, lie married Clara C. Draper when advanced in life. He was in the command of General Schuyler, was in the siege at Fort Stunwix and fougiit through tlie Revolution, to enlist in the war of 1812, and was in the battle of Sacketts' Harbor. 'l"he mother was born in East Rome, New York, and her parents were settlers of Massachu- setts. The family was one of the oldest in Oneida county, settling in Whitestown, then Wiieelersborough. Her ancestors fought in both contests witli Great Britain, and her father lost his thumb in an action in which a celebrated Indian chief was killed. Mr. Rappe was early orphaned, his father being killed when he was five years old in a land slide on the Erie canal, wiien he was at work on the enlargement near (Tcneva. His mother was killed by the falling of a joist in a house at Geneva, and tliis loss scattered her eight children. Mr. Rappe had three brothers, Henry, William and Solomon, and four sisters, Elizabeth, Mary Ann, Martha and .Julia Belinda. In his early youth lieiiad learned the business of a gunsmith,serving an apprenticeship of seven years. Wlien the "Patriot' or "Mackenzie's" war broke out in Canada he interested him- self in tliat struggle, and was a participant in the scrimmage at Gravelly Bay in 1S37. He was one of those who assisted in the escape of a party of starving Canadians in the vicinity of Lewiston and run them ashore at Oswego. He enlisted with General Taylor in the Semi- nole war and chased Billy Bowlegs, the chief, through the Everglades of Florida. He went to Buffalo, and thence to the city of New York to engage in the sea service. He engaged as a common seaman and sailed in the merchant service to Cuba. He made one trip and tlie vessel was then taken up the Del- aware River to Pliiiadelphia for repairs. While there he sustained an injury to his foot wliich sent him to the city hospital, where he passed the winter. He engaged in driving a furniture van in the city in the spring, and was on duty in May, 1844, at the time of the Know Nothing riots. He was known as opposed to that political movement and once, when happening to drive into a crowd, he found himself obliged to spring from his cart, and, leaving his horse, " Old Samp- son," crossed the river. Later, he met two comrades of the Florida campaign who were among the troops sent to Philadelphia to assist in the su})i)ression of the riot and protect Gov- ernment property. They entreated him to go back to New York with them to enlist in the service of the United States in the Mexican war. He listened and remarked that he would be there before them and went at once to Fort Columbus, New York harbor, where he enlist- ed, his enrolling officer being E. D. Townsend, Post Adjutant and was assigned to G Company, Cai)tain W. C. DeHart, brother-in-law of Gen- eral Scott. Tliis was a picked company of ro- bust young men under 25, and Mr. Rappe was enrolled as 21 years of age instead of 29, his true age. Mr. Rappe, at this writing (1888) is over 70, stands straight as a young pine, and retains his military bearing and erectness of figure, apparently sturdy and strong as his stalwart sons. The conapany was assigned to the 2nd U. S. Artillery under Colonel Bank- liead and he was with the organization until midsummer of 1845, when he was one of sev- eral picked men from his and other companies to make connection with tlie battery of Lieut.- Colonel .James IXincan, (" Black .Jimmy," one of the bravest of soldiers), stationed at Fort Hamilton, Long Island, whence he sailed to Corpus Christi, Texas, and, soon after, was as- ! signed to the construction party engaged in the erection of Fort Brown, (now Brownsville). The work was carrietl on day and night, the men i working in details. He fought at Palo Alto, i May 8, 1840, Resaca de la Palma, May 9th, { at the capture of Matamoras, and battle of \ Monterev, Sejit. 21st, 22nd and 23rd, at the ' capture "of Saltillo, and taking of Vera Cruz and in all the principal battles under Scott to the City of Mexico. To that date he had not been in the hospital. In .June, 1848, he was injured by a fall from his horse and was sent to .Jalapa hospital in the City of Mexico and thence to New Orleans to the care of Dr. Craig. When he recovered, he joined his battery at Governor's Island, New York, and went thence to Fort Henry, Baltimore. He was ill with cramps and convulsions, and was discharged in February, 1859. At that time he was suffer- ing from hernia and heart disease and was dis- charged on a surgeon's certificatt-. He returned to his former home and removed to Wisconsin in 1854. He located in Dodge county and in Septem- ber, 1862 he enlisted at Fond du Lac in H 574 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF Coinpanj', 32nd Wisconsin Infantry. The reg- iment was assigned to the command of Grant and went with Sherman on an expedition towards Jackson wliich resulted only in suffer- ing and exposure. Mr. Rappe served at Mem- phis 10 months as provost guard and went with his command to relieve Hatch in Decemher. In the spring he went to Vicksburg and partic- ipated in the Meridian expedition. He fought on the line of the Mobile and Ohio railroad and, not long after, went to \'^icksburg again, whence the command started for a long march to Decatur, Ala. In May, he was in a charge on tlie rebels and in .June fought at Courtland. He was in another fight at that place in July, the action continuing several days. In August, the regiment became connected with the organ- ization of Sherman and Mr. Rappe was in the actions all along the line of progress to the sea and in the final scrimmages at Atlanta and Jonesboro. In February, 1865, he was in a battle on the Salkahatcliie and a week after at Binnaker's Bridge. He fought at Ben- tonville and went thence to Goldsboro, was in the final parade at Washington, was mustered out June 12th, 1865, and received honorable discharge at Milwaukee. Returning to Wisconsin he engaged in the business of a mill-wright which he has since followed. He was married in 1850 to Martha Potter who died, leaving one daughter — Juli- ette. He was again married in 1853 to Abigail Herrington, and their children are named as follows: — Martha, Elnora, Loretta J., Lilian, Carver J., Clarissa and George. James A. died on the day of the battle of Jonesboro, and the father received the intelligence at Atlanta. Mr. Rappe was again married in 1871 to Bertha, daughter of Dr. Sauer- herring, a physician of German origin. Mrs. Rappe was born in Milwaukee and her chil- dren are named Edward J., Lilian, Gracie, Maudie and Edna. Gracie has been adopted as the daughter of Post Samuel J. Sizer, No. 207, at Marinette, and in their parades and public proceedings is be.side her father, who is the color-bearer of the local organization. Two of Mr. Rappe's brothers, William and Solomon, were enlisted men in the late war, the latter also being in the Seminole war. Mrs. Rappe had four brothers in the war, one of whom died soon after his return home, from injuries received in service. Her uncles in the maternal line, George, Adam and Harvey Ubjrt were in the war. The first was killed in action ; the second was a color sergeant in the Mexican war and enlisted in the late war in a New York regiment; tlie third was in the South in A|)ril, 1801, was forced into the rel)el army from which he deserted and enlisted in a Union cavalry regiment. The business connections of Mr. Rappe have been varied. He has been foreman of several sasli and blind works and has operated in the interests of the Chicago & Northwestern rail- road in their car shops at Fond du Lac. He was for six years superintendent of the e.xten- sive works of C.J. L. Myers on the upper penin- sula where he was injured by the explosion of a boiler. The engineer was sick and the mas- ter mechanic detailed another man for the posi- tion temporarily. He was incompetent and, something evidently being wrong, Mr. Rappe investigated and while doing so the boiler ex- ploded, hurling him into the air, breaking his ribs, legs and jaw and covering his head with small wounds from flying fragments. A bolt was driven into his skull over his left ear, but he recovered in six weeks through his fine con- stitution and correct habits. -:?^> ►^'t^^^v AMES S. ANDERSON, a prominent law- yer and citizen of Manitowoc, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 18, was born December 25, 1842, in the vicinity of (rlasgow, Scotland. When he was 10 \'ears old he came to .\merica with his parents, John and Harriet (Sibree) Anderson, landing at the port of New York in July, 1852. In Septem- ber following, the family removed to Wisconsin, locating at Manitowoc, where they have since resided. The senior Anderson was a soldier in the British service seve.i years, and fought in the interest of Great Britain in the contest known to history as the Irish rebellion, in which he was wounded by a bullet which passed through his arm. He always counselled his son ajcainst armv life but, when told that he had enlisteil in defense of the Union, he e.Kpres.sed himself as gratified and stated that he would do the same himself if he could lay off 20 years. Mr. Anderson was one of the first to enlist from Manitowoc, enrolling April 20, 1801, at the first war meeting held in that place under PERSONAL RECORDS. 675 the State call for troops. The company was mustered as Company A, in the 5th Wisconsin Infantry, and Mr. Anderson served with tlie command through all its campaigns and was only absent from the regiment about 48 hours when wounded. The roster of liis Imltles in- cludes every fight and skirmish in whicii tlie "fighting 5th" was engaged and, after passing through tlie preUminaries of barrack life at Madison, the transfer to the Division of the Po- tomac, the experiences in the winter qv;arters, the advance against Manas.sas and the subse- quent marching, the reconnoissance at Hampton and skirmish at Young's Mills, and the heavy battle of Williamsburg, he was wounded in the part of the battle of Gaines' Mill known as Gol- den's Farm aiid his name is on the list of wounded from his regiment. He was after- wards under rebel tire at Savage Station, White Oak Swamp, Malverii Hill, Crampton's Gap, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Marye's Heights, Chancellorsville and Gettysburg and was on the detached service with his regiment at New York to aid in the enforcement of the draft. He I'e- turned to the seat of war and was next in action at Rappahannock Station and afterwards at Mine Run, where he was one of two men wounded. He was next in the battles of the Wilderness, was wounded at Spottsylvania C. H., fought at Cold Harbor and Ream's Station, and in other actions, while the skirmishes in which he participated were twice that numljer. At Williatnsburg, May 5, 18G2, he was mounted and on vidette duty and was captured by rebel cavalry, and hurrie<.l toward their infantry lines, but he made a dash for freedom and effected his escape under a hot fire from re- volvers and carbines. On tlie nigiit of the 5th of May, 1864, when the right wing of the 6th Corps had been driven in, General Sedgwick came to the line held by the regiment just after the firing had ceased, and was anxious to ascer- tain the exact location of the rebel line, whicii was in rifle range in the immediate front. In order to determine what he wished to know, it was necessary to draw the rebel fire. Mr. An- derson, who was then a corporal, was detailed by Major Totteu commanding the 5th, with a squad of six men, to perform the service; they advanced into the darkness where Mr. Ander- son placed his men as a thin skirmish line on each side of him and advanced cautiouslj' into the thicket uutil he could hear the subdued murmer of voices. He ordered his men to shelter themselves behind trees and to lie close to the ground. He advanced a few steps and, with a ringing order to charge, he threw him- self to tlie ground firing his rifle and making all the noise he could. A sharp rebel musketry tire followed which soon ceased, not being answered. Mr. Aiiderson received honorable discharge and was mustered out July 27, 1864, at the expiration of his period of his enlistment. He returned to Manitowoc when a little more than 21 years of age, after serving over three years as a soldier. He engaged in business, but found himself disabled from active lalwr and entered Lawrence University at Appleton, where he completed a college course of study and afterwards fitted himself for a professional career. He was admitted to the Bar m 1872 and established his business at Manitowoc. He is prominent as an advocate and has attained a foremost position as an attorney. He was married July 17, 1873, to Eva M., daughter of Hon. J. T. Mills of Grant county. Wis., and their children are named Joseph M. and Jeanie Harriet. Mrs. Ander.son is a lady of attainments and aViilities and in 1SS2 became joint owner and editor of the Lake Shore 'limes. For four years they continued its publication, Mrs. An- derson doing a part of the editorial work. Mr. Anderson found that the care and responsibility of a reliable and inlluential journal interfered with the duties of his jirofession and their con- nection with the publication ceased. Mr. Anderson was the moving spirit in the establishment of G. A. R. Post 18, which was the first instituted on the Lake Shore north of Milwaukee. He was its first Commander and served three terms. He has officiated as. Alder- man, Court Commissioner and City Attorney and also served as Police Judge of Manitowoc. In addition to the organization of the Post at Manitowoc, Mr. Anderson has been instrumen- tal in the institution of several others in differ- ent jiarts of the State. ICHARD S^HTH, city Treasurer of Merrill, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 131, was born April 8, 1846, at Catlin, Chemung Co., New York, and became an orphan in early childliood. On the death of his mother when 576 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF he was four years old, he was taken into the family of G. W. Sheardown, and when he was seven years old he went with liim to Tioga county, Pa., and three years afterwards the family removed to Plaintield, Waushara Co., Wis., where he was brought up on a farm until he entered the army. He enlisted Aug. 25, 1861, soon after he was 15 years old, at Ripon, in Company A, 1st Wisconsin Cavair)', the tirst four companies of wliich were in rendez- vous at Ripon, and went thence to Kenosha wiiere the regiment was completed at Camp Harvey. Mr. Smith remained with his com- mand until the expiration of his time and was discharged Sep. 5, 1864, at Cartersville, Ga. After 18 months he was appointed chief bugler witii the rank of Sergeant and served in tliat capacity during the remainder of his term. Before he left the State he was sick with camp fever and at Nashville in the summer of 1863 he was in the hospital witli chronic diarrhea and fever; he was in hospital No. 5, a, build- ing that had been used as a militmy hospital before the war. The roster of his battles in- cludes the minor engagements in the vicinity of Bloomfield which covered a scouting service of some months, and he was in the raid with Colonel Daniels into Arkansas. He was in tlie action at Scatterville and in the long march afterwards to Jonesboro and went afterwards to Helena, Ark., and thence to Cape Girardeau, engaged all the time in actions pertaiiiing to cavalry service, including scouting and skir- misliing, breaking up rebel camps of wander- ing bu.shwiiackers and was at Cape Girardeau when Marmaduke attacked that place; and fought through the action. He was at Chicka- raauga Creek and at Anderson's Gap and in the movements in East Tennessee, including the figlits at Mossy Creek and Dandridge, the raid in the rear of Atlanta, including the tiglit near Campbelltown in which Major Paine was killed and was soon after discharged at Carters- ville. About the la.st of February 1864, he ob- tained a sick furlough of 30 days which was extended to 60 days; in order that he might re- ceive the benefit of a nortliern climate as he was ill from chronic diarrhea, but he rejoined his regiment at Kingston, Ga., without being materially improved and suffered from the disease throughout his entire connection with the army. The parents of Mr. Smith were natives of the State of New York and belonged to families who were among the first settlers of the western portion of the State. His ancestors on both sides belonged to Connecticut famihes of early origin and his grandfather, Richard Smith, who located in western New York, was a native of tiiat State. His maternal grandfather, Wm. Ely, was one of the Ely family who was among the first settlers of Lyme, Connecticut. Mr. Smith was brought up on a farm and followed agriculture as a business until he enlisted. After the war lie went to Corning, New York, where he worked for a few months in a grocery store and went thence to Tioga, Pa., where lie engaged in the sale of dry goods and otlier merchandise. In 1865 he went to Raleigh, N. C, where he was in tlie employ of his brother, W. H. Smith, in mercantile busi- ness until March 1, 1866, when he went to Brooklyn, New York, and worked in a shoe store two years. Two succeeding years he was employed as a clerk in Skaneatelas, New York, when he went to Omaha and was engaged 18 months in insurance business. He passed the next year and a half in a dry goods liouse in Chicago, when he engaged with Roggenbau & Fixen, an extensive business house of Racine, Wis., continuing with them two years. He went next to Kewaune, Wis., where he re- mained nearly five years, operating as general business manager in the interest of Slauson, Grimmer & Co., and afterwards the business connection was changed to Duval & Co., with Mr. Smitli as one of the firm. In February, 1882, lie came to Merrill and engaged in the sale of general merchandise until Marcli 9, 1888, wlien he was elected City Treasurer of Merrill. Mr. Smith is a man of fine business qualities and of unimpeachalile integrity and rectitude. He was married August 25, 1857, to Martina WilHs Read. Their living children are Ricliard Ely and an infant son. Two children are deceased ; the oldest died in infancy ; Helen Martina died of scarlet fever, Feb. 4, 1887, when four and a half years old. Mrs. Smith was born at Manitowoc, Wis., and is the daughter of Martin and Ciatherine Read. Her father was born in Ireland and was the son of a Presbyterian clergyman, and her mother in the city of New York of Irish lineage. Her maternal grandfather was a merchant and a linen dra|)er in Ireland and in the city of New York and both her parents belonged to culti- vated and refined families of what is called on C-xx-iv-CLld JJ-ci.&-Au. ■71 -L. PERSONAL RECORDS. 577 the continent the better class. The sketch of her brother, Jolin Milton Read, may be found on another page. Mr. Smith is popular with the members of Lincoln Po.st of which he has served ae Adjutant. His only brother, William Henry Smith, was an enlisted man in the iJrd New York Infantry, serving two years — the full time of the regiment, and was honorably discharged. -~!:>t^'~!t^S^^'^*tS~<-^^^<^-» /^^ DWARD DASKAM, a prominent citi- I * zen of Antigo, Wis., and a member \^!^ of G. A. R. Post, .J. A. Kellogg, No. 78, was born in Canton, Steuben Co., New York, March 14, 1843. He was reared to the age of 15 in his native town where he re- ceived an indifferent education, owing to the backward state of the place and m 1858 came with his parents to Wisconsin, locating at Chil- ton, Calumet County. He was interested from the first, in the progress of the war inaugurated in Charleston harbor and enlisted Sept. 15, 1861, in G Company, 14th Wisconsin Infantry, for three years. He enlisted again as a veteran, Dec. 11, 1863, and was discharged two days after, to render his second enrollment accept- able to the authorities. He veteranized at Vicksburg and received his final discharge from military connection, Oct. 9, 1865, at Mobile, Ala. The regiment went into camp at Fond du Lac, where he was ill with typhoid fever, after which he took the measles, which left him with deafness and he was in the regimental hospital (a tent) two weeks at Fond du Lac. He was then removed to the American House, where he remained until after the departure of his command and was under the care of the regi- mental surgeon, Dr. David LaCouut, of whom a sketch is to be found elsewhere. April 5, 1862, he joined his regiment at Savannah, Tenn. He had paid all liis own expenses and had been confined to the bed tiiree months, convalescing slowly until spring and suffering more than in his subsequent military experi- ence. Two days after joining his regiment he was in the battle at Pittsburg Landing and, being still weak, he was prcjstrated and was sent to a Sisters' liospital at St. Louis, Mo. In the latter part of June following, he rejoined his command. He was in the fight at luka in September, at Corinth in October and in the campaign in Mississippi in I)ecend)er and -lau- uary. He was in the siege of Vicksburg in 18()3 and in the army of Slierman to Atlanta. His command was back again with the Army of the Cumberland after the fall of Atlanta, and he was in the fight at Nashville in December, 1864. He took part in the siege of Spanish Fort which lasted 10 days.' The command went to Fort Blakely to find it had capitulated and from there went to Montgomery, Ala. Mr. Daskam was in the portion of the 14th that was known as " Worden's Battalion," tlie other part of the regiment going on the Red River expedition. In November the regiment was reunited at Nashville under command of Colonel L. M. Ward in the division of Gen. A. •J. Smith. Dec. 1, 1864, Mr. Daskam was made 4th Sergeant by order of Col. Ward and the com- mission was dated at headquarters at Nashville. He was made Orderly Sergeant at the regi- mental headquarters near Sj)anish Fort, April 3, 1865, by order of Major E. E. Ferris, com- manding the regiment, both promotions being in his company. (G.) He returned to Chilton, Wis., where he ar- rived Oct. 17, 1865, and engaged in farming, in which he was interested two years. He then embarked in the real-estate business in which he has since been engaged. April 1, 1881, he came to Antigo, then a collection of slianties in the woods, reaching the place on a trail leading to it from Nora. On tlie platting of the town, lots could be bought for a few dollars each and he purchased many of tliem for five and ten dollars apiece. They are now held at a thou- sand dollars each, vacant. Antigo now has five wards and a population of 3,500 people, witli a city government, a Mayor, Police, Board of Aldermen and a Fire Department. Mr. Das- kam has been a part of and one of the leading spirits in its enterprise and growth. Two addi- tions to the city are known as " Daskam's Ad- ditions." He has been prominent in the admin- istration of municipal aft'airs, having represented the city in the County Board two years and has served as Assessor. The parents of Mr. Daskam, Robert and Maria A. (Wheeler) Daskam, were born near Hartford, Conn. His father represented some of the stock that established the prosperity of New England. His grandfather, Nathan I)askam, was one of the associates in the Hartford Bank- ing House, known as Daskam and Barsley'.s, an 578 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF institution wliicli was one of tlie chief financial elements in business in the Eastern part of the country. On both sides of the house of Daskam, the ancestors supplied resources to the Govern- ment in its need, both in the Revolution and in 1812. Wm. H. Daskam, brother of Mr. Daskam of this account, was a soldier in the late war, being an enlisted man in K Company, 4th Wisconsin Infantry. He died Aug. 17, 1862, at New Orleans of disease incurred in the ser- vice. John VV. Daskam, another brother, was a soldier in the 1st Wisconsin Cavalry. The marriage of Mr. Daskam to Henriette J. McMullen occurred .Ian. 2, 1871. Thomas E. and Mary Lillian are their surviving children. Pniletus J. died when a little more than four years old. Allen died when past two years old and another child at 18 months. Sept. 7, 1885, Mr. Daskam was again married to Osca Bemis. She was born in Outagamie Co., Wis., and her parents belonged to an old family at Rome, N. Y. CTeo. W. Bemis, her father, was a soldier in the late war. The portrait of Mr. Daskam is jn-esented on page 576. ACKUS B. HUNTINGTON, of Sha- wano, Wis., a member of G. A. R. Post No. 81, was born Augu.st 6,1833, in Dresden, Washington Co., New York, and is the son of Erastus and Pliebe (Folsom) Huntington, both of whom are de- ceceased. His paternal grandfather was a sol- dier in the Revolution and his father fought in 1812; his mother was the sister of Bangaman Folsom, grandfather of Mrs. Cleveland, wife of the President. Three brothers of Mr. Hun- tington were soldiers in the civil war,and Wesley fell at Gettysburg. His early advantages for school were limited, and he went in boyhood from his parents to ^■ermont and, six years later, to New York State, coming thence to Wisconsin, and he has been a resident of Sha- wano for 31 years. November 25, 1863, he en- listed at Shawano, in Company G, 32nd Wis- consin Infantry, for three years, or dunng the war, and he received honorable discharge .July 12, 1865, at Louisville, Ky. June 1, 1865, he was transferred to Company D, 16th Wisconsin Infantry. He joined the 32nd as a recruit at Memphis and, in February, 1864, went with the command to Vicksburg, and he was in the Meridian Expedition, in which he performed duty in the destruction of railroad property and in dispersing the rebels. During a con- siderable part of the time he was engaged in the pursuit of Forrest, and he was taken sick at Atlanta and sent to the hospital at Marietta, Ga. He moved with the regiment on the march through that State, was at Beaufort and Pocotaligo, and did heavy tighting on the Sal- katchie River. He was at Binnaker's Bridge on the South Edisto and in the subsequent skirmishing at Fayetteville, and went to Ben- tontonville, Goldsboro and Raleigh and, after the surrender of Johnston, marched through Richmond and Virginia to Washington, where he was transferred as stated to the 16th Wisconsin Infantry, and returned with that command to Louisville. He returned from the war to Fond du Lac county and, in the spring of 1873 removed to Shawano, where he has since resided. In 1851, he was married to Lydia E. Nichols, who was born in the State of New York, and they have six living children. Juliette, ^^married Harry A. Bedan, of Shawano. George W. is also a resident of that place. . Chauncy B. lives at Marinette ; William S., Bertie E., and Rosa reside in Shawano. Elmer E. died in 1863. -^>f^>-^»S^^^>^5*f-^<^«f-« AMAR OLMSTEAD, of Appleton, Wis., a member of Post No. 133, G. A. R., ^ was born Feb. 20, 1812, in Chemung, "^ New York. He is the son of Orrin L. and Mary Jane (Fuller) Olmstead; the for- mer was a native of Connecticut of German ex- traction and the son of a man who represented successive generations in that State who were patriots of the Revolution. The mother was of English lineage. When the son was two years old, the parents went to Georgia and rennxined there and in Alabama until he was nine years old, when they went to Waupun, Wis. There he was educated and at Ripon College. He was 19 when he became awakened by the feel- ing that prevailed in every educational insti- tution in the State and determined to enlist. He enrolled at Waupun Sept. 7, 1861, for three years in K Company, 10th Wisconsin Infantry and was made Corporal on the formation of the PERSONAL RECORDS. 579 company, afterwards being made Sergeant and was discharged as such March 21, 18G5, at Mil- waukee. The regiment left the State Novem- ber 9th and in Deceml>er were at Elizabeth- town and performed guard duty until February 10th. They then took a position preparatory to joining General Mitchell, expecting to fight_ at Bowling Green. The place was taken without | battle and, after varied experiences, Mr. 01 nistead fought in the action at Paint Rock Bridge. ! Soon after, he was in another action at Bridge- port and for some time after performed guard duty on the railroad. In September he was at Nashville and went to Louisville, skirmishing at Cave City. Li October he fought at Perry- ville where the command won special commen- dation. Afterwards he went to Nashville where the regiment went into camp four miles from the city. In December lie went to take part in the battle of Stone River. The great experi- ence of Mr. Olnistead in the service of his country was begun at Cliickamauga, where he was captured by the rebels September 20th, 1863, nearly all the regiment sharing a like fate. He was taken to Atlanta, where he was held several days and afterwards went to Libby for a single day, being removed to the Pember- ton building in the same city, where he re- mained from September 18th to December 1st. On the 2nd he was taken to Danville and re- mained until April 20th, 1864. He was trans- ferred on the 24th to Andersonville stockade prison, where he suffered all tlie horrors in- flicted bv Wirz until September lOth following. (See sketch of Dr. W. H. Chilson.) On the 15th he was taken to Cliarleston, remaining there until November 1st, when he was sent to Flor- ence and remained there until February 15th, 1865. After five days traveling he was in the city of Goldsboro and, a week later, was paroled and sent with the forlornest troop that ever wandered over the roads of any country on the earth. Their condition rivalled that of the destitute, the ragged, the starved, the sick and miserable of any age or any clime. (See sketch of J. Howard .Jenkins and Curtis Mitchell.) With Mr. Olmstead were taken 26 comrades of Company K and but nine lived to participate in the march to Wilmington to stand once more under the ensign of liberty and equality. Only one is now living besides Mr. Olmstead. From Wilmington he went to Annapolis and thence to St. Louis, where he received furlough for home aud came to Mil- waukee to be discharged, his term having expired while he was in Andersonville. He returned to his home atWaupun and remained a year comparatively inactive to fully recruit and enjoy the privileges of manhood once more. In the ne.vt year he went to Fond du Lac and became interested in the business of a flour manufacturer for a time, removing to Neenah later and finally locating at Appleton in 1879 to connect liim.self with the Appleton Machine Comjiaiiy, and is engaged in tlie manufacture of super-calendering rolls for the use of the numerous paper mills of Appleton and other places. The establi.shment also turns out other paper manufacturing machinery and does gen- eral job work. Mr. Olmstead was married Aug. 16, 1886, to Ellen Corbitt of Fox Lake, Wis. Their surviv- ing children are Mary C. and .John A. One died in infancy. (_Q^ AMUEL H. SMART, a prominent cit- S^^ izen of Plover, Wis., and member of G. A. R. Post No. 149, was born May 29, 1820, in Chester, Grafton Co., New Hampshire and he is the son of Elijah and Mitty (Hoyt) Smart, both of whom were na- tives of the " Old Granite State " aud moved thence to Jefler.son county. New York, in 1828. About 1853 the parents with all their children except Samuel came to Wisconsin. The father died in Juneau county aged 78 years and the mother died in 1865 when 68 years of age at Stevens Point. Samuel H. Smart removed to Wisconsin in 1865 and located at Stevens Point in the month of July. He bought a farm two miles from the location of Plover on which he resid- ed about five years, when he went to Belmont in Portage county and after several changes of location he located in 1876 on a farm near Plo- ver on which he has since resided. While a resident in the State of New York he became interested in the issues of the war aud enlisted in August, 1864, in Company I, 186th New York Infantry at Philadelpha, Jefferson Co., New York. He enlisted as a recruit and joined his regiment in the vicinity of City Point, Va., where he was in the hospital a short time. He went next to the scene of activities before Pe- 580 SOLDIERS ALBUM OF tersburg and served with liis regiment in in the various actions until the surrender of Lee and tlie end of the rebelHon. He passed tlie intervening time until May 24th at Alex- andria and after participating in the Grand Review at Washington, the regiment went to Sackett's Harbor, New York, where he was dis- charged June 14, 1865. He returned to his home in Jefferson county and removed to Wis- consin the following month as stated. He was married Feb. 19, 1840, to Lucy Bogart. She was born in Canada and is the daughter of David G. and Esther (Benedict) Bogart. She was 11 j'ears old when her father removed with his family to .Jefferson county. Mr. and Mrs. Smart have adopted several children, one of whom is still a member of the family. -i>t^ -^3«'^;^^>^*tff-<.l|^5' |V Wis., a member of Post No. 241, G. \^^A. ^- R-i ^''is born at Rurkershausen, Nassau, Prussia, Sept. 2, 1836. He came to America with his parents in 1847 and after landing at the port of New York, the family came to Milwaukee. In 1854, Mr. Neu- mann became a resident of Oshkosh, and was occupied in the business of a shoemaker until he determined to enlist. The regiment of Col. H. T. Sanders, of Racine, was in process of con- struction, as an independent organization, and he enlisted at the recruiting office in Oshkosh in Company F. Feb. 1, 1862, President Lin- coln issued a general order, abolishing such regiments and the men enrolled again, as three years' recruits or for the war. Mr. Neumann enlisted Jan. 25, 1862, and afterwards re-en- listed, as has been stated. The command was mustered in as the 19th Wisconsin and went to Camp Utley, at Racine. The organization was completed at Camp Randall, Madi.son, where the regiment remained guarding i-ebel soldiers until their transfer to Camp Douglas at Chi- cago. About June 1st, the change was made and the 19tli remained in Camp Randall until tiie 17th of the same month, when the regiment proceeded to Washington. It went, success- ively, to Alexandria and Fortress Monroe, camping at Hampton, Va. In June, the com- mand was sent to Yorktown on special duty PERSONAL RECORDS. 581 and on returning to Fortress Monroe, orders awaited to proceed to Norfolk where it arrived June 29tli. Colonel Sanders was appointed Provost Judge and the regiment performed provost duty, acting as guard and patrol of the cities of Norfolk and Portsmouth. April 11th, 1863, the soldiers were sent out in detachments for fatigue duty and for two weeks were wliolly without protection from the inclemency of the weather and employed in severest labor. April 26th they were ordered to SuHolk and the 17th of June, they went to Norfolk, en route to York- town. At this time the command was suffering from the effects of malaria, contracted in ex})0- sure to the poisoned atmospliere without proper food or camp equipage already described and, from the middle of August to October, the reg- iment was at Newport News and principally occup)ied in recruiting their sanitary condition. October 11th a removal to Newbern, N. C, was effected and Company F, was assigned to out- post duty, at the farthest point from Newbern at Camp Havelock, 20 miles away, with a soli- tary piece of artillery. In the attack on New- bern, about the 1st of February, Company F was driven from its position. At the time of the assault Mr. Neumann was at Newport Bar- racks to draw rations for his company, as Orderly Sergeant. He had obtained the supplies and was in readiness to send tliem by rail, when the station 'W'bere he was waiting, was attacked by rebels. The assault was met by the 9th Vermont, a Rhode Island Batter}'^ and cavalry but were not equal to the work of repulse, and it became necessary to burn the commissary and quartermaster's stores to prevent their falling into tlie hands of tlie rebels. Mr. Neumann was nine miles from his company and he was obliged to cross a rail- road bridge which was burning and make his way to liis command on foot, arriving at twelve o'clock to find it under marching orders for Fort Spinola. When the company reached the fort tlie force in command mistook tliem for rebels and fired on them, the disaster being made more terrible from an attack on them at the same time from the guns of a gunboat in the river. In the action at Fort Darling, which occurred in May, 1864, the 19th was engaged and assisted in the victory, although at con- siderable cost in killed and wounded. With the exception of three companies, the regiment was occupied in picket duty until June 17th, when it accompanied an expedition to the Petersburg and Richmond Railroad to. destroy three miles of the track. June 20th a transfer was made to another brigade and the command lay in tiie trenches before Petersl)urg until the day of the explosion of the mine, when it acted as support for the Ninth Corps, tightmg in the crater. The next concerted action in which the 19th Wisconsin was involved, was on tlie old field of Fair Oaks, where the casuahties were terrific, the command suffering a loss of 136 men out of 180 and eiglit officers out of nine ; 90 enlisteil men were rej)orted missing and all but 17 were taken pi'isoners. Mr. Neumann was captured October 27th and was sent to Richmond and confined 10 days in Libby. November 4th he was sent to Salisbury, N. C, stockade prison. The sufferings endured by tho.se confined in tiiis and at Andersonville passes description. The details of existence in them are such as to thrill with an unutterable emotion the biographer who edits these accounts. In one instance, a man who had endured them was asked how he managed to survive. " I swore I would outlive the whole Southern Con- federacy," was his answer, and it is probable that his determination and the courage which made him a soldier of the Union supplied him with the strength required to live through the most horrible experiences on the records of modern warfare. Probably that is true of most of those who lived to tell their pitiful stories. Slierinan's march to the sea meant deliver- ance to the men in the Southern prisons and accomplished that work. February 1st, the first movement after the capture of Savannah was made towards the beginning of the end. Simultaneously, tlie rebels commenced the' transfer of captives from place to place, and on the fourth of March the starved, ragged, and altogether wretched creatures at Salisbury were taken from its confining walls of timber and sent to Wilmington. Can those who read these words, written a quarter of a century after all their significance was experienced, paint that sorrowful procession of humanity, destitute of every vestige of anything like a whole gar- ment, sick, sore, tired with a weariness that was of the soul as of their suffering bodies, bareheaded, barefooted, covered with dirt and vermin, haggard, grim and emaciated and starting for a march of 21 miles to enter Para- dise under the folds of a Union flag? Mr. Neumann was made Sergeant on the organization of his company and a short time 582 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF after taking the field, was promoted to First or Orderly' Sergeant. He was advanced to the position of and commissioned Second Lieuten- ant-, but was never mustered in as such, being incapacitated for attendance on that ceremony by tbe pressing attentions of the rebel authori- ties who could not deprive tbeniselves of liis society. April 29, 18G5, he received honorable discharge at Madison, Wis. Tlie parents of Air. Neumann, Peter and Henrietta (Crass) Neumann, were natives of Prussia. They are deceased and are buried at Fillmore, Washington Co., Wis. The fatlier was a soldier in the Prussian army and served with distinction. Mr. Neumann was married in 1859 to Miss Catherine Scherff. Their chil- dren are named Ellen, Martin .J., William .J., Geoi'ge F., Katie and Annie. ••-^»^*-^S^^^>^*»f-.>^5*f-<. LEXANDER SARCiENT, a mechanic "* of Seymour, Wis., njember of G. A. R.' Post No. 198, was born Feb. 22, 1819, in Orange, Vermont. He passed the first years of his youth in his native State and in early manhood went to New York State. He was 20 years old, when he was mar- ried in 1839, and, some years after, he removed his family and interests to Wisconsin. Within the first year of the war with tbe Southern sec- tion of the country, he determined to become a .soldier, and accordingly enlisted in December, 1861, in the 1st Wisconsin Cavalry, Company M, at Kenosha for three years. In the fall of 1862, he was made Sergeant and served in that capacity until he received honorable discharge in March, 1863, at Ironton, Mo., where he had been for some time an inmate of the hospital. His record includes the battles of Bloomtield, St. Francis and L' Anguille, Ark. This bare statement gives an excellent illustration of the meed of reward doled out to the volunteer sol- diers by the reports, and beyond this he has no opportunity to receive even the notice of his name if he happened to survive the chances of war. After the tight at Bloomtield he did good service in scouting and foraging, and in the cap- ture of bushwhackers. In the same month the action at Chalk Bluff took place. At L' An- guille Ferry tbe action was a surprise and the command suffered severely in lo.ss by capture and death. The work of the cavalrymen will never receive full justice from its irregular nature. The scouting when the saddles were kept for days, when food was scarce and nothing could lie ol)tained save the most mea- ger results from foraging in the poorest coun- try in the world, the exposure to sudden dan- ger, the general service in which the mounted troops were involved — all this can never be adequately depicted. Tlie marriage of Mr. Sargent to Louisa San- Ijorn took place March 5, 1839, in Chateaugay, Franklin Co., New York. Oliver is the only son. Clara lives in Chicago. Roxana, Orson, Josephine and Martha are the names of the children deceased. The father of Mr. Sargent was a native of New Hampshire and was a carpenter by occu- pation. His mother was from the same State and of Irish extraction. The forefathers of Mrs. Sargent were of American birth and her parents were born in New Hampshire. Mr. Sargent married Maria Ilaskins of New York, Dec. 25, 1875. Their son, 0. D. Wells, lives in Minnesota. »T>t^.>-^>t^^^«^f<^<^5tf— , was wounded at Resaca and was transferred to the 3rd Wisconsin .June 8, 1865. (Company G.) He was mustered out July ISth afterward and returned home to die in 1875, from disease incurred in the army. Louis was graduated from tlie High School at Waui)aca in 1888 and entered Lawrence University at Appleton the same fall. Mr. Constance is a man of prominent j)0si- tion in Waupaca and represents a class of for- eign-born citizens whose record and career prove the stability of their devotion to then- adopted country. He is a staunch Republican and cast his first vote for Taylor. »-J»t>--J»t>>^^ «tf5*^- >s?5*f- EROME D. TYLER of East Depere, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 91 was born Dec. 1, 1841, in Craw- ford Co., Pennsylvania and is the son of E. H. and Susan (Holman) Tyler. The fatlier was a native of Chautaufjua, New York, and the motlier was a native of Boston, Mass., and is living in Erie, Pa. The former is deceased. His paternal grandfather, Solomon Tyler, was a soldier in the war of 1812 and died in Con- neautville, Pa., aged 87 years. His maternal grandfather and great grandfather were both born in Conneautville. Mr. Tyler was reared a farmer and enlisted when he was 19 years old, Aug. 17, 1861, in Company H, 83rd Penn- sylvania Infantry at Conneautville for three years. The regiment was assigned to the Army of the Potomac and went to Yorkville where the command participated in the siege and went afterwards to Gaines Mills. Mr. Tyler was in both actions and fought at Hanover C. H. He was injured while on picket in tlie valley of the Ciiickahominy, while assisting a detail to carry a boat, which, falling on him, produced contusion of the back. (The com- mand to which he was assigned was in Porter's division in the army of McClellan.) He was taken to the hospital at Harrison's Landing and tlience to Philadelphia, where he remained in a hospital until discharged. He was released from military .service Oct. 15, 1862, and re- turned to his home. He came to Wiscunsm in November, 1863, and, since the war, has oper- ated as a carpenter and builder. He was mar- ried April 12, 1866, to Emma C. Miller and they have two children — Charles J., born Sept. 27, 1867, and Edna, born May 13, 1871. The mother was born in Depere. Mr. Tyler has three brothers and a sister. Jonathan M. en- listed in the 111th Pennsylvania Infantry. Tlie otliers are named William H. and Charles H. Clara married W. O. Sutton of Erie, Pa. <^5«^-"<^5tf-» •►-:^S^->-^>t^ S^LORENTINE HOTCHKISS, a resi- dent on section 12, Packwaukee town- ship, Marquette county, Wis., mem- ber of G. A. R. Post No. 64, at Mon- tello, Wis., was born May 20, 1839, in Greene, Chenango Co., New York. His father, Willis Hotchkiss, was born Oct. 16, 1806, near Cats- kill, New York, and was the son of a Revolu- tionary soldier ; in 1850 he removed to Green Lake county, Wisconsin, with his family, reach- ing that location in June and, in tlie fall of the same year went to Packwaukee, where he lo- cated on pre-empted land, which he redeemed from its primitive condition, and on which he was a resident more than 30 years, his death occurring on the homestead, April 3, 1881 ; about 1830 he married Samantha Mallory. (See sketch of Simeon Pond.) Their marriage took place in the State of New York, and the wife and mother died on the homestead Jan. 11, 1886, aged 80 years ; four of their five children are still living; Frederick died March 9, 1853, when 18 years old. Mrs. Mary Jane (Hotch- kiss) Weils, lives at Fond du l^ac; Mrs. Pond resides at Westfield ; Harriet married Charles Richards of Wausau, Wis. Mr. Hotchkiss resided with his parents until he entered the army. He was brought up on the farm subject to all the experiences of the son of a pioneer farmer, and was a little more than 21 years old when he decided to become a soldier; he enlisted Nov. 1, 1861, in Company C, 3rd Wisconsin Cavalry, enrolling at Kings- ston, where the company was enlisted, and go- PERSONAL RECORDS. 585 ing to the camp of rendezvous at Janesville. He went thence with the command to St. Louis, where he remained about a month, when or- ders were received to proceed to Fort Leaven- worth, where he received liis horse, which com- pleted his cavalry equipment. Soon after reaching that place, tlie battalion to which his company was attached, went to Fort ScotL, which was headquarters during his period of service. Fort Scott was at that time on the ex- treme frontier. Mr. Hotchkiss was in the charge at "Church in the Woods," and in the skirmish at Montevallo, and afterwards was in the raid under General Blunt to Van Buren. The service which Mr. Hotchkiss performed, including skirmishing with bushwhackers and guard and garrison duty, and he also acted as a scout and escort on emigrant and United States mail trains, and he was in considerable service in Missouri. In September, 1863, he was sent with a detail from his battalion to Baxter Springs to reinforce that post and tliey were attacked by the rebel guerrillas under Quantrell, who rode their horses onto the very breastworks of the fortification. When they left that place, Quantrell and his guerrillas, dis- guised in Federal uniforms, attacked General Blunt with an escort of about 100 men, includ- ing Company I, who were left to face the rebels alone and stood until the rebels advanced to a hand-to-hand encounter and after the fight was over Mr. Hotchkiss assisted in the burial of about 80 of the dead. In Price's raid in Mis- souri in September, 1864, he was with his bat- talion at Lexington under Rosecrans and when Lexington was reached, it was found that Price had fled to the Big and Little Blue Rivers and he was in the skirmishes there, and at Independence and chased Price to Kansas City where Curtis's troops made a stand and were re-enforced by Pleasanton and Price was driven and overtaken at Mine Creek, where a large amount of ammunition and a considerable number of prisoners were captured. On this march the command was short of rations until they met the supply train and the chief part of the detail went with the train to Fort Smith as escort, return- ing to Fort Scott to be mustered out. Mr. Hotchkiss had his first encounter with the reb- els at Montevallo. While doing garrison duty at Fort Scott, Aug. 24, 1863, Mr. Hotchkiss was attacked with chronic diarrh(jea and was in the hospital until the last of the following March. Twice during the time he was offered a discharge. He was discharged at Madison P'eb. 16, 1865, having served more than his period of enlistment by several months. He returned to Packwaukee and resumed his occupation as farmer on the homestead which his father pre- empted and which is still his home. He was married July 21. 1869, to Emma Haddon at Portage, Wis., and they have four children ; Willis E. was born Sept. 3, 1870 ; Flossie, Aug. 29,1874; Lettie, May 20, 1876; Walter, June 5, 1880. ICHOLAS WEILAND, Appleton,Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 183, was born Nov. 20, 1840, at Orenhofen, Trier, Prussia. His father, Leonard Weiland, died in 1842 in Prussia, and the mother, Elizabeth (Plauses) Weiland, came to America with her children in 1856. They arrived at the port of New York May 5th and came at once to Milwaukee, where the son was a farmer near the city limits until 1861, when he located at Appleton and engaged in farming until he determined to enter mili- tary life. He enlisted Sept. 25th, 1862, in I Company, 32nd Wisconsin Infantry at Apple- ton for three years. The regiment left the State about the last of October and went direct to Memphis, Tenn., where it was assigned to Sherman's command and proceeded in the .southward movement to aid in the prosecution of the plans of Grant on Vicksburg. Mr. Wei- land was on the Oxford march when the dis- aster at Holly Springs occurred, and the regi- ment was the first to take possession of the place. His health continued unbroken, not- withstanding the hardship and exposure and the unaccustomed duties to which he was as- signed, and he was a participant in the battles of Moscow, in the Meridian expedition, patroled at Jackson, engaged in the destruction of the Moljile & Ohio railroad, fought a detachment of cavahy there, and afterwards performed an incredible amount of marching. Near Cort- land he was in another fight and, when the 32nd started for the sea under the command of General Sherman, he participated in all the fights and skirmishes, including Atlanta and Jonesboro, and finally went into action at Ben- 586 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF tonville, to lose his right arm by a gunshot wound, wliich necessitated amputation, which was performed on the field. He la\' on the bodies of two dead soldiers through the night after receiving liis wound and was discovered at three in the morning. He was placed on a mule and taken to Goldsborough, N. C, after the operation and thence to Newbern, N. C. He was in a hospital well supplied with wounded rebels and was the single -Union sol- dier in his ward, his cot being placed between those of a sergeant of a Virginia regiment and a lieutenant-colonel of the 5th South Carolina Lifantry. The latter was visited by his sweet- heart who waited on him and broughi him choice food which he divided with Mr. Wei- land. Another rebel in the same ward, belong- ing to a North Carolina command, was hit by a volley of seven balls. His right arm and riglit leg were taken off and his left hand, all but the thumb. When Mr. Weiland left the hospital he was alive and with every prospect of recovery. Mr. Weiland went thence to Morehead, N. C, where the LTnion wounded took the steamer " Northern Light " for New York, and went to Willard's Point iiospital in the North River near Fort Schuyler. On tlie steamer were 1,200 men wlio arrived in New York harbor on the lotli of April following tlie assasination of the President, and they heard the news as they entered the river from the pilot boat. The commotion among the soldiers was an awful sight, the exasperated men ex- pressing their grief and i-age by every possible demonstration, some threatening, others swear- ing and some utterlj' prostrated. Li June fol- lowing, the wounded Wisconsin soldiers left New York on cattle cars for Prairie du Chien. The cause of this atrocity has never been cleared up and the suffering men, who had left beds of long painful and illness, underwent their most bitter experience at the hands of their own friends alter suffering fi-om wounds of the severest character. At Hai'- vard Junction a comrade from an Illinois regiment standing on the platform recog- nized Mr. Weiland as from liis brigade and obtained for him a square meal. (Food had been placed in their car, but it had become spoiled.) This was the only food he received on the route fit for a human being to eat. Mr. Weiland went to the Jesuit College hospital at Old Fort Crawford, remaining until November, 1865, when he proceeded to Madison and acted as Commissary Sergeant for Dr. Greenleaf in charge of the hospital, and was there dis- charged in September, 1866, and returned to Appleton. He was married Feb. 1, 1868, to Margaret Karn, and they have seven children — Mary E., Elizabeth, George H., Henry D., Frank E., Charlotte C. and Katie. A son, named John, died at the age of 10 months. The mother of Mr. Weiland is living with her son, aged 82. (1888). Three brothers and a sister came to this country with him ; two of the former — Adam and Jacob — being enlisted men in the service of the Union. The former was in the 31st Wisconsin and returned in safety. The latter was in the 36th Illinois. Peter Iluberty, the husband of his sister, was in the detacli- ment under Colonel Harnden of the 1st Wis- consin Cavalry, to whom belonged t'ne distinc- tion of discovering the retreat of Jeff Davis. ^ J»tj> -i>J^i^^<5*f-.'^«^^ ENRY 0. FIFIELD, proprietor of the Menonainee Herald, the leading Re- publican journal of the section of his State where he is resident, is a member of G. A. R. Post No. 266. (Lyon.) His father, Sanmel S. Fifield, was born ni New Hampshire in 1801 and was the s'on of Nathan- iel Fifield who went from the Granite State in 1804 and cleared a farm "from the stnni]) " in Maine. Samuel S Fifield married Naomi, daughter of AUiana Pease, noted as a Millerite and a local ])reiicher of repute. Henry O. Fifield was born Aug. 7, 1841, in Corinna, Pen- obscot Co., Maine. Wlien he was 13 years old he accoinj)anied his fatlief and brother, Samuel S., to the West, tlie three locating temporarily at Rock Island, 111., whence they went in the spring of the next year to Prescott, Wis., where the senior Fifield engaged in active business. His son received a common-school education and in 1S58 followed the "bent of his desires" and entered the oftice of the Transcript as a compositor and remained in that connection until enlistments under the first summons of President Lincoln, when he enrolled as a soldier responsive to the call of the chief whose name was to him the slogan of manhood and patriot- ism, and to the spirit awakened in him by the shot on Sumter's wave-kissed walls. Captain PERSONAL RECORDS. 587 W. A. Acker opened an enrolling office at Pres- cott and, April 19, 1861, the name of Henry 0. Fifield was among tlie first to be recorded from Prescott as a defender of tlie integrity of the country, (althougli he was less tlian 21) in the 1st Minnesota Infantry. The regiment rendez- voused at Fort Snelling (where re-enlistment as three years men took place) and proceeded thence to Washington, to be assigned to Heintzelman's Brigade at Alexandria and, July 17th, started to participate in the battle of Bull Run, arriving in time to engage in the fight of the 21st. They also en- gaged in the finale of that action, but had the satisfaction of being mentioned in their chief's report as one of the few regiments to leave the field in good order. They camped about a mile from the Capital and moved thence to fight at Ball's Bluif in October and went next to Poolesville, Md., where tiie winter was passed. In the spring tiie 1st Minnesota accompanied General Sliields to the first fight at Winchester, proceeding later to the penin- sula to make connection with the command of McClellan. Mr. Fifield was in action in the siege of Yorktown, and his regiment went thence to the head of York River where they took possession of Delaware Landing. (The regiment at this date belonged to Sumner's corps and to the division of Sedgwick.) At Eltham, an old Virginia town with a historic graveyard, they fought for possession and the mossy and mouldy old gravestones of the F. F. ^^'s. toppled to the ground and the mounds were torn to pieces by the irrevent bullets of both sides. Joining the main army, a move- ment was made to Cold Harbor, whence the regiment went to the swamps of the Chicka- hominy. They were specially detailed to con- struct the Sumner Grape Vine River bridge, the rebels meanwhile opening a dam above, letting a flood of water onto the flats, the soldiers being compelled to wade in tlie water to tlieir arm- pits to reach higher ground. They fought next at Fair Oaks (Seven Pines) where a por- tion of the troops were in full retreat when they arrived. "Pitching in," the 1st Minnesota "snatched victory from defeat." In the con- templated movement on Richmond, the regi- ment made preparations by throwing up breastworks seven miles from the Confederate capital and the command were in the midst of incessant skirmishing, sleeping on their arms and in constant expectation of hearing the "long roll." On one occasion Mr. Fifield was in a slielter tent wholly unprotected from rebel shells and proposed to Gus Ellison, a comrade, that they protect themselves by getting to the rear of a log building used for a hospital. They were scarcey placed, before a 32-pound shell hurtled through the logs and crushed the head of Elli- son to a jelly. Mr. Fifield was thrown ten feet, with his head and back injured, his tongue bitten through, and his right eye was torn by striking on his face on the ground, and he was picked up lor dead. He passed a few days in the hos- pital and was soon in readiness to pay the rebels for a personal as well as National griev- ance. He is still a sufferer from the effects of the injury, the weather being a faithful moni- tor to remind him of his obligations to rebel hostility. He joined his regiment in time for the Peach Orchard fight and encountered all the miseries of the seven days' retreat. He was in the fight at Savage Station, at Glendale, Allen's farm and, in the last, personally cap- tured the colors of a Virginia regiment. He also fought at White Oak Swamp, Malvern Hill and in others of less importance, and afterwards the "1st" went into camp at Harri- son's Landing to recruit. From there the regiment went again to Malvern Hill and thence on transports to Alexandria preparatoiy to the second Bull Run. The "1st" covered the rear of the retreat and afterwards made a inarch via ^'^ienna, fighting the cavaliy of Zeb Stuart en roide, using their two pieces of artil- lery effectively and killing and wounding 75 rebels with slight loss to thera.selves. (Sep. 2, 1862). Soon after nightfall, a regiment clad in butternut and wearing badges on their arms rode into camp. Responding "1st Maiyland Cavalry" to the challenge, they were immedately fired on. They had forgotten to say "Union" and in the darkness suffered for the omission. Also, the firing attracted attention in other regiments and it being generally supposed that a night attack had been made, dismay po.ssessed the camp and a stampede was only prevented by the coolness and promptness of officers who immediately made the rallying cries which put an end to a threatened disorderly flight. The "1st" crossed into Maryland by Edwards' Ferry, passing over the old camping ground of 1861 towards Frederick, where an arrival was made a few hours after tho Johnnies under Stonewall 588 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF Jackson had left the place. (This was on the day when Barbara Fritchie brought to tlie cheek of the leader "a shade of sadness, a blush of shame.") September 14th the regiment fought at South Mountain where General Reno was killed. The " 1st " was in tlie action at An- tietam and lost heavily. The regiment charged repeatedly through a cornfield and not a trace of the "waving green" was left. They stopped only to bury their dead and followed with Burn- side's command to Frederick,sburg. (McCleilan had been relieved.) Mr. Fifield i-etains hislo}^- alty to and his affection for his commanding officer, and recalls the emotion manifested by the entire command for their fallen chief, many of the soldiers weeping and refusing to be com- forted for his loss. The 1st Minnesota fought at Fredericksburg and camped at Falmouth, where they passed the winter. In the spring they were again in action there and their next battle was the fight at Gettysburg. They ac- complished the distance — .305 miles — in 15 day.s, arriving in time to engage in the fight late on the 1st of July. 325 men went into that fight and left 224 killed and wounded on the field, in- cluding 17 officers, the colonel, lieutenant- colonel, adjutant and major being severely wounded, and Captain Wilson D. Farrell, mor- tally. Tlie loss of the 1st Minnesota at Gettys- burg was 80 per cent, of the men engaged and is acknowledged to be the heaviest loss in any one fight of any troops engaged in any war on record. Mr. Fifield placed his captain's body in a grave dug by his own hands witli a grub- bing hoe, but he now lies in Minnesota, having been removed by his friends afterwards. The colors fell seven times, another color bearer re- placing each as they fell. The 1st Minnesota was one of the regiments that repelled the ter- rific charge of Pickett, and won the special com- mendation of General Hancock, whose pride and boa.st it had become for gallantry in the field. It was detailed next for duty in the enforcement of the draft at New York and suppression of the riots there and sustained its record. It was the first- regiment to take position on Brooklyn Heights and, during the period of its stay there, Mr. Fifield was made drum major and was dis- charged as such. Returning to the front, the 1st Minnesota went from Alexandria to Brandy Station, passing over their old battle field of Bull Run, where the rain liad washed the earth from the bodies of their buried comrades leav- ing the limbs visible. Mr. Fifield fought at Bristowe Station and passed a short time in camp near Brandy Station. In November he was with his conunand in the Mine Run expe- dition which closed the activities of 1863. The regiment was ordered to Minnesota to recruit and marched to Washington to receive special honors from the Minnesotians there resident, and the soldiers were feted by a banquet at the National hotel at which Senator Zack Chandler, Hannibal Hamlin, and others equally dis- tinguished, made speeches. From LaCrosseon their way to St. Paul, the route was made by stage and, arriving at the latter place, the citi- zens received their heroes with an ovation. Mr. Fifield passed the winter at Fort Snelling and was discharged May 19, 1864, his term having expired. He fought in 23 regular battles and countless skirmishes, the regiment being from first to last, always in the post of danger. From an enlistment of more tban 1,700 men less than 500 returned to Minnesota. Mr. Fifield has Ijeen connected with the busi- ness of printing more than 30 years. In 1870 he and his brother, Hon. Samuel S. Fifield, en- gaged in the publication of tiie Bayfield, (Lake Superior) Press and were connected with that journal two years, then removing the outfit to Ashland where they established tlie Press on a permanent basis. In 1873, Mr. Fifield sold his interest to his brother and engaged as local edi- tor of tlie Polk county Press, (Wis.) and after- wards was connected in the same capacity with the Stillwater (Minn.) Lvmhcnncm. In the win- ter of 1878-9 lie was occupied as proof reader on the reports of the Assembly of Wisconsin. March 12tli following, he located at Menominee, Mich., to assume editorial charge of the Herald, then published by James A. Crozer and in June, 1881, he became ])roprietorby purchase and has since managed its business relations and con- ducted its editorial and other departments. He is a Republican of radical stripe and his paper has reached a high standard in popularit}' and influence, having the largest circulation in the county. The building in which Mr. Fifield carries on his business was constructed under his direction in 1886 and is, in every particular, adjusted to the requirements of his business, and arranged with reference to facility and completeness of detail. A Hoe cylinder press is used, and in the job department the fixtures are of the latest and most approved patterns. A conijilete stereotyping outfit is included in the apparatus for printing business and the type PERSONAL RECORDS. 589 fonts contain every variety of material necessary to an office of extensive connections. In short, the plant is on the same scale with ofRces of large interests in the great cities. The proprie- tor has invested $2U,000 in the building and fixtures, and it is a credit to his taste and judg- ment and an honor to Menominee. Mr. Fifield was married Sept. 5, 1SG6, to Emma Ij. Walker. Their only son, Henry Dana, is local solicitor on the Herald. Mrs. Fitield was' born in Illinois and is the daughter of Lewis and Calphurnia (White) Walker, the former a native of the State of New York and the latter of Vermont. Her father removed his family to Minnesota in 1853. She is the granddaughter of Doctor White, who was connected with the Morgan excitement and who was obliged to leave the State in consequence. Hon. Samuel S. Fifield, the brother referred to, has been prominent in the political history of the Badger State for many years. His local connections brought him into prominence and in 1874 his district sent him to the lower house of the Assembly where he was made Speaker and .served in that capacity in the most efficient manner. He represented Ashland district three terms and in 1877 was elected Senator and again in 1880 and 1881. In the autumn of 1881 he was elected Lieutenant Governor of Wisconsin and served in that office by successive re-elec- tions to 1887. His other relations in public life are numerous and important. •-j»»^--jw^.^^>^«f-»<^=iif-» y^y^L^ILLIAM H. HEMSCHEMEYER, "inJ^// a resident at Manitowoc, Wis., and P^ a member of G. A. R. Post No. 18, was born May 19, 1833, in Hanover, Germany. When he was 14 years old he came to America with his parents, 0. H. and Sophia (Rickmann) Hemschemeyer, and they located on a farm in Manitowoc county, Wis., where he assisted his father until he was 19 years old, with the exception of winter seasons, when he attended school. In 1852 he engaged in business, in which he operated until the second call of the President for troops in the first year of the civil war. August 21, 1862, he enlisted in Company F, 26th Wiscon- sin Infantry, at Manitowoc for three years. He passed through the several non-commissioned grades and was commissioned 1st Lieutenant of Company I of the same command, April 13, 1864' Oct. 19th of the .same year he was pro- moted to tile Captaincy of Company I and was mustered out ps such. He was in the first reg- iment raised for Sigel's command in Wisconsin and left the State for Washington, October 6th. He was in tiie movements to Gainesville, and afterwards to Falmouth and did not miss the "Mud Campaign " at a later date. He was in the disastrous battle of Chancellorsville, fought afterwards at Gettysburg, and went with the command to join the troops in the West and was in the action at Wauhatchie on the Ten- nessee. He fought at Mission Ridge and went thence to Kuoxville and back to Lookout, and in May was in the reconnoissance and skir- mishing at Buzzard Roost. He was in the tight at Re-saca, Pumpkin Vine Creek, in the movements at Kenesaw Mountain and in the tight at Peach Tree Creek, in the siege of At- lanta and started with Sherman in November for the march to the sea and traveled through Georgia 34 days, engaged in the varied oper- ations which marked the jirogress of that triumphal march. He was in the fight at Averysboro in March and was under fire at Bentonville, three days later, going thence to Goldsboro and Raleigh, where the command delayed until tlie surrender of General John- ston, when he again took up the line of marcli and journeyed for weary days througli heat and dust to Washington, wiiere he was a par- ticipant in the Grand Review. The regiment left Washington June 13th and reached Mil- waukee on the 17th, where it was welcomed by the German citizens, and was soon after paid off and discharged. After his return home Mr. Hemschemeyer was engaged in the sale of groceries and after- ward in the mangement of a hotel in which lie was occupied 10 years. In 1886 he opened a hotel at Silver Lake, four miles from Manito- woc, at a point which is rapidly becoming noted and popular as a summer resort. He was married August 20, 1856, to Wil- helmina Storch at New Bremen, Ohio. They have had three children, a son and two daugh- ters, all of whom are deceased. Mr. Hemsche- meyer has officiated as City Clerk of Manitowoc and as Register of Deeds of the county. He has acted in the capacity of Justice of the Peace and Deputy Revenue Collector and served his 590 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF District in the State Assembly in 1879 and 1880. He is a citizen of recognized ability and is esteemed and respected for the quality of his service in every public capacity. »>i^^<*5tf- <«5<^- NTHONY ZERWAS, of Shawano, Wis., ^ and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 81 at that place, was born Jan. 17, 1836, at Parole, on the Rhine in Prussia. He came to America with his par- ents in October, 1842, when he was six years of age, going from New York on the Hudson River to Albany and proceeding thence to (Jtica, Oneida Co., New York. They remained in that city until 18-17, when they went to Racine, Wisconsin. In 1853, they made an- other transfer to Mayville, Dodge Co., Wis., and Mr. Zerwas remained there until the death of his father. He and his son-in-law were in- terested in the sale of agricultural implements at that place. Aug. 18, 1859, he transferred his business interests to Shawano, where he ar- rived while Wisconsin was .still a territory. He engaged in shoemaking in which he was occupied until enrolled as a soldier in defense of the country of his adoption. He enlisted Aug. 9, 1862, at Shawano, in Company I, 32nd Wisconsin Infantry for three years and received honorable discharge June 9, 1805, the war being at an end. The regiment went into rendezvous at Osh- kosh and left the State Oct. 30th, to be assigned to Sherman's army and was destined to go to Jackson to co-operate with the plans of the campaign of Grant, but the disaster at Holly Springs terminated the movement. They were on provost duty at Memphis ten months and went thence to LaGrange and in the attack on Moscow, Mr. Zerwas had an experience of nine miles in two hours on the double-quick. He remained with his com- mand, watching the movements of Forrest, and in January, 1864, went to Vicksburg and in February started for Meridian. He was in tlie action at Jackson and in the raids of tlie Meri- dian expedition and returned to V^icksburg, whence he went to Kentucky, expecting to go into action at Paducah and was again in lively movement endeavoring to intercept Forrest. For some months the regiment was in constant movement and in May was in the action at Cortland. He was in two other actions near the same place and in August went to the siege of Atlanta and thence, after the surrender, to tight at Jonesbnro Wliile at Memphis he was ill with chronic diarrhcea and has never re- covered from it. Wliile in the rifle pits at Atlanta he was wounded in his shoulder by a spent ball or piece of shell. He was a member of one of the columns which moved on Sher- man's march through Georgia and was in a tight not far from Savannah. He was engaged in destroying one of the Savannah railroads and went successively to Beaufort, S. C, and to Poco- taligo, and after the march through the Caro- linas began was in the fight at River's Bridge, (Salkaluitchie.) He fought again at Binnaker's bridge, (Edisto) and afterwards at Cheraw. He walked barefooted 150 miles after the battle of Cheraw and went back to his regiment where he remained until his discharge. He returned to Shawano and engaged in shoemaking which he followed as long as he could endure the bench, when he engaged in a saloon and bil- liard room. He is the son of Jacob and Mary (Klassing) Zerwas. His father died in 1873 and is buried at Mayville. Mr. Zerwas was married June 10, 1859, to Mary Fink, and throe of their children named Allie, Bertha and William E. C. are liv- ing. Ida died Oct. 30, 1874, aged 13 years. ■•-^^i^''-i>t^ '^5<^^^^<^^. ^^ STEPHEN MEIDAM, Appleton, Wis., ^^^ was born May 27, 1848^ in Gelder- '^^^/ mallsen, Netherlands, and is the son of Jolin and Rijk (Van Smallen) Meidam. The fatlier and mother were natives of Holland and removed to America in 1851. Tiiey resided in Erie county. New York, two years and in 1853 came to Wisconsin and set- tled in the vicinity of Appleton, at Grand Chute, now included in the corporation and constituting the 6th Ward. Mr. Meidam was a pupil in the public schools until he was 12 years old, after which he devoted his time and strength to the assistance of his father in main- taining his family. His first employ was with Dunn & Brewster, with whom he remained two and a half years, manufacturing staves. PERSONAL RECORDS. 591 He afterwiirds contiimed in the same business in the interests of other parties until he entered the army. He onUsted Aug. 28, 18G4, as a re- cruit in E Company, 5th Wisconsin Infantry at Appleton for one year or during tlie war. He was honoraljly discliarged Sept. 25, 1805, at Stanton hospital, Washington. The reorgan- ized 5th left the State October 2nd for Wash- ington, were there equipped and did guard duty at Alexandria until tlie 20th, wlien they went to Winchester in the valley of the Shen- andoah and Mr. Meidam was in all tlie engage- ments in which the regiment was in action. In December, the command went to the trenches at Petersburg and were in the extension of the lines at Dabney's Mills (Hatcher's Run) in the reserve. In March, Mr. Meidam was in the assaulton theworks in frontof the city and skirm- ished all day on the fir.st day of April. The loss of April 2nd was very heavy and Mr. Meidam was in the thickest of the action in the assault and sustained a wound in the left leg. Ampu- tation was necessary and the ojieration was per- formed in the Held hospital, whence he was conveyed to Judiciary Square hospital at Wash- ington April 12tli and remained until June 20th. On that date he went to Stanton hos- pital to be discharged as stated. He returned to Appleton with his maimed and sliattered bod)', but with the courage and spirit of a man undiminished and has since been one of the honored citizens of the place. He was vai'iously occupied in railroading and in stave factories and others working in wood until he was en- gaged at Riverside Cemetei'y where he worked three years. (See sketch of Dennis Meidam.) He then turned his attention to market gar- dening which has since occupied his time and intere.st. He is present Alderman of the Gtli Ward, once a part of his father's farm. He was married Sept. 14, 1872, to Julia Van Ooyen, a native of New York. Her parenis and their family were on the same ship with those of her husband and she was born after their removal to America. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Meidam are John S. and Henry M. One died in infancy. John and Peter SteenLs, uncles of Mrs. Meidam, fought respect- ively in the war in the 14th and 6th Wisconsin Infantry. Afterwards the former became a member of the 0th and was wounded at Hiitch- er's Run in February, 1865. The latter lost a leg in the battle of the Wilderness. Cornelius Steenis, their brother, fought in a New York regiment. Orey Van Ooyen, her brother, en- listed in the 14th Wisconsin and afterwards in the 32nd. EORGE WARNER, a farmer on sec- ^ tion 13, Plover township. Portage county. Wis., formerly a soldier of the civil war, was born Oct. 27, 1846, in Parishville, St. Lawrence Co., New York. His pai'ents, Alvin M. and Lazette (Goodell) Warner removed from the Empire State to Wis- consin in 1858, and since that date Mr. Warner, has been a resident in the township in which he now lives. He lived on a farm until he en- tered the army and he enlisted Oct. 1, 1864, at La Crosse as a recruit in Company I, 12th Wisconsin Infantry, for three years. He made connection with the regiment soon after enrolling, reporting for service at Chatta- nooga, and he removed soon, after with the command to make connection with the forces of Sherman and went to Savannah in the march to sea. During his progress he was engaged in the heavy work of des- troying railroads, and he performed guard and forage duty, waded swamps and parti- cipated in the varied experiences of the cam- paign until he became ill with erysipelas, which settled in his left foot, and he was sent from the hosjiitai at Savannah to David's Island in New York harbor, where he remained until discharged in June, 1865, when he re- turned to Wisconsin. He is a pi'osperous farmer and a man of probity and good stand- ing. He married Mr.-;. Mary C. McLeod. Wil- liam H. Page, brother of Mrs. Warner, was a soldier in the civil war, and was killed in a skirmish near Fort Gib.son, Kan. Horace O., brother of Mr. Warner, enlisted in the fall of 1863, and was in Sherman's command until the close of the war. ORMAN W. LILLIE, a resident of Weyauwega, Wis., and a member of O. A. R. Post No. 180, was born June 30, 1833, in Salem, Wasliing- ton Co., New York. He is the son of Aaron and Mary (Batchelder) Lillie, both natives of 592 SOLDIERS ALBUM OF New York. In 1836 they went to West Dorset, Bennington Co., Vt., and tliere engaged in farming about 16 years. About 1850 tlie fam- ily came to Weyauwega and settled on a Gov- ernment claim. The father lives in Kansas and is SO years old. The beloved mother died in November, 18^9. Mr. Lillie is the second of 10 children, and when he came to Wisconsin with his parents he settled on a claim on which he pursued farming until he enrolled as a soldier. He en- listed l3ecember 26, 1863, from Wau])aca, for three years, in Company K, Wisconsin Infantry, and was tinally discharged at Madison in 1865, under the General Order disharging all prisoners. The 10th Wisconsin rendezvoused at camp Ran- dall, Madison, where Mr. Lillie was detailed as nurse, contracted erysipelas and his right hand became disabled ; he was transferred to Harvey Hospital and soon after joined his reg- iment at Kenesaw Mountain. The date of his first shot at a rebel was June 30, 1864. He took a ring from the man's finger and gave it to Lieutenant Raffenburg. He was in the battle of Peach Tree Creek, and during the heat of conflict a rebel officer rode between the two fronts crying ■' I am look- ing for a place to plant ray battery." He was fully exposed to the fire from both lines and was instantly killed. After the l)attle wasov^' Mr. Lillie saw a dead rebel leaning against a tree holding a paper in his hand. " The battle still rages— don't call me a coward for I die brave — my pulse has ceased to beat," was written on the paper. He had bled to death. The regiment was assigned to Sherman's command and Mr. Lillie was in the Atlanta campain. He was almost continually in the skirmish line and once a ball pierced his hat, and once while standing behind a cotton- wood tree, it was splintered to pieces by a shell. Mr. Lillie was in seven charges and repulses at Atlanta, and after the battle he assisted in the capture of about 1,700 prisoners and re- turned with his regiment to Marietta, where they were stationed as guards. At Marietta he was transferred to the 21st Wisconsin and joined the Grand March to the Sea. In South Caro- lina, Mr. Lillie and four companies were lost from the command and were chased by rebel bloodhounds ; they killed seven and' were finally captured within hearing distance of their own regiment by Lieutenant Stewart of the 5th Alabama Cavalry, commanding a detail clothed in Federal uniform. Their first order to halt was disobeyed. " Halt, you — Yankee " arrested his steps and he drew his gun to fire, but his captors numbered 32 and he surrendered. A rebel drew on him but was ordered to desist by Lieutenant Stewart, who said "I always treat my prisoners well." Mr. Lillie was robbed of everything in his pos- session, not excepting a knife which had been the property of a dead brother, and which he begged to retain. To prevent the rebels ob- taining his watch he flung it into the river. During the passage through Carthage the people wanted to kill them but the lieutenant pre- vented. One Dutchman who thought himself the equal of a dozen of Sherman's men was soundly thrashed by Mr. Lillie, and convinced of his mistake. The prisoners were taken to Richmond and confined in Libby, 26 days. Mr. Lillie was taken to Annapolis to the parole camp and, two weeks later, went to St. Louis, where he remained two weeks and went home on a furlough, and before its expiration was discharged as stated. After Marietta, Mr. Lillie and a Mexican went on a foraging trip. Tiiey found a cow so wild she could only be caught by the lasso of the Mexican. They had milk in camp about a month and fresh meat when slie was killed. At Kenesaw, the rebels charged the skirmish line, Company K repelled and the)' lost 19 killed, who were not buried for a week. He resumed his farming interests, which he has pursued ever since. His exposure, and hardships in battle, marciiing and jirison have entirel}' destroyed his healtii. He married Eliza Jane Sherman, and they have two daugh- ters and three sons. Mr. Ijillie is a Re})ul)lican, and votes as he siiot. -^:»t5>.-^»;^i^^<=i<^<^«f- EORGE W. BRIGGS, of Oshkosh, Wis., a member of G. A. R. Post, 241, was born at Parish ville, St. Lawrence Co., N. Y., on the 112th anniversary of the birth of the first President of the United States for whom he was named, Feb. 22, 1844. He was 19 years of age when he enlisted to aid in the suppression of armed rebellion. He enrolled as a private in Com- PERSONAL RECORDS. 593 pany K, 11th New York Cavalry at Stock- holm, ill his native county and was mus- tered in by officer Thorndyke at Malone, Franklin County, N. Y. He enlisted for three j'ears or the war, the commencement of his service being Dec. 28, 1863. From Malone, the regiment proceeded to New York, where it was stationed at Park Barracks for three weeks, and sent thence to Fort Schuyler up the East River where it remained four weeks. At the end of that time the soldiers were placed on a trans- port for Alexandria, and their first adventure was the grounding of their vessel off Sandy Hook, where they were detained twenty-four hours. Then were on boai'd an old English transport and numl)ered 1,700 men. After a tedious voyage of six days, they arrived at their destination. The trip was made in Feb- ruary, and its delay and general discomfort were increased by the continuous snow and sleet. The passage should, under ordinary circumstances, have been made in 48 hours. Reaching Camp Relief at Washington, the cav- alry equipments were obtained and the com- mand was sent on to the Muddy branch of the Potomac River and also to Point Lookout in guarding against Mosby and his guerrillas, where the regiment operated for four weeks. Being relieved from this duty, Company K was detailed as escort for President Lincoln to and from his summer residence at Arlington Heights. Mr. Briggs, by this detail, obtained one of the most prized privileges of his life, a familiar acquaintance with the most noted man of that time, as well as with others of distinc- tion. The President was in the liabit of con- versing freely with the members of his escort, refusing to distinguish them from others on whom he relied for assistance. Six months passed in this and similar duties and then the field of their operations was extended. Leav- ing Washington, the command was detailed as escort for the protection of the mails and as guard in the exchange of rebel prisoners from City Point to Annapolis. During the time in which it was occupied in the latter service, 350 Union men were taken to Annapolis and all, without exception, in the most pitiful condi- tion. They were so reduced and emaciated that not one was able to walk, and they were carried on stretchers on board the transports. The detail of men acting as guard numbered 20 in command of Mr. Briggs and they exerted every possible effort for the alleviation of the suffering brought to their notice. It was exasperating to carry back to the rebels their exchanged men, fat and sleek, with a sum of mone}' in the possession of each and receive the Union soldiers in a sadly contrasting condi- tion. About the middle of .June, 1864, General Early started towards Wa.shington with 20,000 men, and the alarm was general. Every avail- able man in the city was sent into service to be ready for the defense of the Federal capi- tal if needed and the cavalr}^ was brought into requisition in every capacity. That of which Mr. Briggs was a memljer was engaged in the pursuit after the rebel invaders of the valley of the Shenandoah in the capacity of infantry. The pursuit continued until the fight between General Wallace and General Early in July, and was a series of skirmishes and severe en- counters, the regiment suffering severe loss. At the second battle of Hatcher's Run, Mr. Briggs' horse was shot from under him and he was thrown violently to the ground. A rebel observed his disaster and plunged forward with a bayonet thrust, catching him in the chin and inflicting a distressing injury. Mr. Briggs drew his navy revolver and shot his assailant. He was seriously injured and was sent to the hospital at City Point. May 12, 1865, he was transferred to the Veteran Reserve Corps and was 'connected with that organization during the remainder of the war. Aug. 21, 1SG5, he received honorable discharge at Washington, D. C. He was present at the Grand Review of troops, May 24th, in Washington, and passed the intervening time in camp and elsewhere, awaiting the arrangement of the ])reliminaries necessary to the disbanding of the United States military, at the close of the most remark- able war in the annals of the world. Mr. Briggs is tlie son of Warren and Louisa (Davis) Briggs. His parents were married Sept. 30, 1841. The father of Warren Briggs died when the son was in childhood. Tlie mother survived and lived to the great age of 108 years. She was in excellent health with the exception of blindness from which she suf- fered for the last 20 years of her life. Slie lived during the latter part of her life in Min- nesota and one of her latest experiences was in a massacre by the Indians, where her life and those of three others were saved by hiding in a hole. The Indians made a charge over their hiding-place. She was the mother of four 594 SOLDIERS* ALBUM OP sons and two daughters and two of the former were soldiers in the war of the Rebelhon. War- ren Briggs set the example for his sons Ijy en- listing and died in September, 1863, at Vienna, Va., from wounds received from one of Mosby's guerrillas. Warren D. Briggs enlisted in the First Connecticut Infantry in 1861. Geo. W. Briggs married Charlotte Rogers at Oshkosh, May 12, 1867. They have four sons and a daughter — George H., Charles, Frank, Albert and Nina. He became a resident of Oshkosh in 1866 and for a period of years was engaged in the business of upholstering in the employ of B. H. Soper. In 1880 he embarked in the same vocation in his own interest. ^f^^^^t^^^t ' OSIAH SMITH, Seymour, Wis., formerly a soldier in tiie civil war, was born March 24, 1843, in Orange Co., New York. He is the son of John and Phoebe Smith, who were born respectively in England and in New York. He was Ijrought up on a farm and was engaged in agricultural pursuits until he went mto the army. He enlisted March 8, 1863, in the 2nd Pennsylvania Heavy Artillary at Towanda. From the rendezvous at Harrisburg, the battery went to Fort Ethan Allen where it remained until the spring of 1864, when its location was transferred to the fi'ont with the Army of the Potomac, and Mr. Smith was in the battles of the Wilderness of that year, and was engaged in the actions in front of Peters- burg. In the battle of the Wilderness he was wounded in the leg and in front of Petersburg lost his right thumb. Later, at Washington, liis left arm was broken in two places, and he was discharged June 25, 1865, on account of disal)ility from gunshot wounds. He was first in the hospital at Washington and was next in Chestnut Hill hospital in Philadelphia, after- wards going to Stone hospital in Washington, where he was discharged. He returned to his farm in Peinisylvania and was married July 5, 1858, at Rome, to Helen Chamberlain, and they have one child, Maudie May, who was born in Black Creek, Sept. 13, 1882. Mrs. Smith lost two brothers in the war. William C. enlisted in the 14lst Pennsylvania Infantry and was killed at Gettysburg. Alonzo C. was an enlisted man in the 2nd Pennsjd- vania Heavy Artillery, was captured in front of Petersburg and died in Andersonville stockade prison. Another brother named Oscar, was in the service and returned home in safety. Mr. Smith removed to Wisconsin in 1882 and located in Black Creek, where he was employed in a saw mill. He is at present occupied as a cheese maker at Shiocton, Wis. He is a Repub- lican in political conneciion. -^r^ -^!^:^^<«5«sf-*'^^«f-* R^'ILLE M. BUCK, of Waupaca, Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 21, was born Feb. 13, 1847, in Vinland, Winnebago Co., Wis., and is the son of Amos P. and Alvira (Pierce) Buck. His father was born in Ohio and came thence to Wisconsin, where he was married in 1846. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Buck are all liv- ing and are named Orville, Sarah, Francis, Effie, Amos and Etta. All are married but the youngest son. The youngest daughter married W. H. Ruhl ; Sarah is the wife of George M. Chamberlain of Waupaca ; Frances married Charles Beadleston of Waupaca ; Effie married Dealon Barnhart of Parfreyville; Adelbert lives in Denver, Col. Mr. Buck of this sketch was married in 1870, to Lucy Ann Brown and they removed in 1871, to Waupaca and, 18 months later, re- turned to Minnesota. Nine years later they fixed their residence at Waupaca. Their chil- dren are named Adelbert, Roy, Dee and Bertha. Mr. Buck is a mason by trade. September 13, 1863, Mr. Buck enlisted in Battery C, 1st Regiment Heavy Artillery at Neenah for three years and was discharged Sept. 18, 1865, at Nashville, Tenn. Battery C left Camp Washburn, Milwaukee, Oct. 30, 1863, and went to the front at Chattanooga and took position at Camp Wood. They changed loca- tion twice while there and in March, 1865, went to Athens, Tenn., and afterwards to Mouse Creek and Strawberry Plains. Mr. Buck was in the action at various points in Tennessee and Alabama and during his con- nection with the Army of the Tennessee, the PERSONAL RECORDS. 595 battery was inspected by the Inspector General, W. S. Bradford, and received special mention for tlieir tine condition and efficiency. ^^^ T^^TENRY H. MANLEY, a farmer ^ 1 " 'K section 30, Ellington Towns ly^^^HI Outagamie Co., Wis., was form fmer on isliip, rmerly a soldier of the Union in the civil war. He was born in New York, March 8, 1825, and is the son of Luke and Charlotte (Streeter) Mauley. The latter was a native of Vermont. The paternal ancestry was from England and the grandfather of Mr. Mauley was a soldier in the Revolution, the family having become identified with tlie history of the country in its earliest days. Li the fall of 1845 Mr. Manley came West and located in Licking Co., Ohio, whence he removed in 1857 to the town in which they now reside. (1888.) In August, 18G4, he enlisted at Green Bay in Company F, 43rd Wisconsin Infantry. After passing four weeks in rendezvous at Camp Washburn, the regiment went to Nasliville, Tenn., and thence to Johnsonville, where Mr. Manley was in the action in which a large quantity of stores belonging to the United States were destroyed on the River. The en- gagement was one of the most unique in the course of the rebellion, consisting of an artillery duel with the 43rd Wisconsin in reserve in the trenches between the two fires. The United States gunboats in the river were burned and to the booming of the guns was added the ex- plosion of the vast quantities of ammunition on board. The casualties in the 43rd were of frightful cliaracter and after the engagement the command was ordered to Nashville to as- sist Thomas and marched to the vicinity to find themselves cut off by Hood's skirmisliers and troops and reaching tlieir destination too late to do any fighting. Mr. Manley was a participant in the scouting and skirmishing in the Cumber- land Mountains and performed the usual du- ties in provost and other varieties of military service. In June he returned to Nashville, where he was mustered out of the service of the United States and returned to Wisconsin. He operated as a shoemaker for 20 years of his ac- tive life when a young man and in the year mentioned became a farmer ou the acres which now constitute his homestead. But three acres were improved when he made his home there and his place is now in well-improved condi- tion. He and his wife are members of the Baptist Ciiurch. He was married July 4, 1845, to Eliza, daughter of Josepii and Elizabeth Elkins. The graudfatlier of Mrs. Mauley was a soldier of the Revolution and she had a brother who was a soldier of the Union in the rebellion. Mr. and Mrs. Manley have nine living cliildren — Charles O-scar, a soldier in the lUO days' service, is a member of Neenah Post and married Loretta Cole. They have four children — Lida, Mertie, Stillraan and Bessie. Orson P. married Emeline Reimer, of Ellington, and tliey have one child — Guy. John married Harriet Scarboro who died two years after ; he lives in Dakota. Martha Jane is the wife of Dr. B. F. Strong and has tliree children — Sophia, Fred and Ben. They live at Seymour. Emma married Walton Cole, of Vinlaiid, and they have one child — Harry. Velma married Frank Glass, of Kaukauna, and their children are named Cora and Blanche. William mar- ried Mary Bower and lives in Datoka. Mary- ett married C. Pew, of Dakota. Leonard lives with the parents. >^<<^'->^*tf- -^W;^*-^!^ EV. GEORGE OLSEN, a resident of De Pere,Wis.,and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 91, was born April lU, 1834, in Norway. His father, Ole Knud- sen Mellum, came to the United States in 1861 and located at New Denmark, Wis., where he died in 1878 aged 71 years. His uncle, Niels, was a soldier m the contest between Norway and Sweden in 1813 and liis grandfather, Ivnud Asklaksen Mellum, was a noted hunter and died at the age of 70 years. His mother was born on Solberg and died when her son was 19 years old. Mr. Olsen remained in Norway until he was 16 when he decided to become a sailor and went to sea, and on his first voyage was gone 14 months. The route he traversed was to Rio de Janeiro, S. A., to Cape Town, Africa, and to Port Adelaide, Australia. The brig left the last named port just 10 days before tbe discovery of gold in Australia. He re- turned home Nov. 14th and started on another voyage, about the middle of February, 1852. 596 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF He sailed on the Oxephia and went to Montevideo and tlience to Rio de Janeiro for coffee, tlience to New Orleans and there took corn for Belfast, Ireland, and went next to Glasgow, Scotland. At the latter port, they took a cargo of gas pipe for Rio de Janeiro and went thence to Bahia on the coast, where they loaded with sugar and went thence to Treast, Australia, and thence to Liverpool and home, after a voyage of nearly 27 months. Mr. Olsen then connected himself with the Norwegian navy and was assigned to a gunboat and drilled in the marine service. In this discipline, forts were even built and destroyed for practice. He was in that service five months and came to New York, Dec. 19, 1855. On the 6th of January following, he shipped again on the brig Lock Loman and went to Gardanis, Cuba, and returned to Philadelphia with a cargo of syrup. He was on this ship three months and acted as ship carpenter. He went next to New York and thence to Cliicago, working at housebuilding in the latter place and attended evening school until his return to Europe in September, 1857. He attended a Normal school in his native land and was fit- ting himself for a teacher. He came back and was a student at the State University at Spring- field, 111., and also studied for the ministry. He was ordained in September, 1801, and com- menced preaching at Manitowoc, whence he went to New Denmark, Wis., and preached there until he was drafted. He had been en- rolling officer in 1861, 1863 and 1864, and was conscripted Oct. 4, 1864, and went to Madison where he was in camp three weeks, after which he went to Chattanooga, Tenn., to join the 18th Wisconsin Infantry to which ho had been assigned. He was a member of Company E, and, soon after arrival there, was taken sick and was relieved from duty and made Chap- lain. He officiated as such until discharged in 1865, and, meanwhile the portion of the regi- ment which had gone to Loudon, Tenn., re- turned and the command moved successively to Nashville, Madison, Indiana, to Columbus, Ky., and to Cincinnati, Ohio, Baltimore and Annapolis, Md. At the latter place the com- mand embarked on transports to Morehead City, N. C. and mnrched to Newbern, where tliey built cabins and remained several weeks. They went next to Kingston, where they were in a three-days fight, took possession of the city and two weeks later went to Goldsboro, where they arrived previous to Sherman. From Goldsboro they went to Raleigh, arriving the day Lincoln was shot. They started after Johnston and were stopped by intelligence that he had surrendered and they went next through Virginia to Washington and marched an average of 35 miles a day for three weeks, until they reached Petersburg. Two successive days before their arrival there, Mr. Olsen was sun-struck but he reached Washington in time for the Grand Review, and lie was again ill and returned to Louisville for discharge. At New- bern he resigned tiie position of chaplain and went into the ranks. Mr. Olsen is a man of cultivation and an accomplished linguist; he has preached in four languages and can speak seven. While at sea he learned Portuguese, Italian, German and English. He removed to Depere in 1877, and located. He has 80 acres of land. He married Marie Christine Jorgen- sen, Jan. 17, 1862. Mrs. Olsen was a native of Denmark, and left him the 3rd of June, 1884, after a consistent Christian life. ■>^>t>-^>t^^^'*^5«f-<■>^*fi^- ATHAN H. LAKE, Belle Plain, Shawano Co , Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 81, was born June 30, 1847, in Granville, Milwaukee Co., Wis., and he was a resident of that town until he became a soldier. He is the son of Jesse and Rebecca (Taylor) Lake, and both his parents are dead. Four of his brothers were in the United States service in the civil war. Ben- jamin enlisted in Company C, 14th Wisconsin, and, after fighting through the war, died at St. Louis. Boyd Lake enlisted in Company H, 32nd Wisconsin Infantry, and died after the war in Milwaukee. Marion is a resident of Missouri and John lives in Dakota.- They en- listed respectively in Company G, 14th Wiscon- sin, and in Company H, 32nd Wisconsin. A sister of Mr. Lake, Eliza, is the widow of George Snyder. Caroline is the widow of Nathan Wheeler and lives in Dakota. Laura T. married John Trentlage, of Fond du Lac county, who is postmaster at Waucousta. Mr. Lake enlisted in February, 1864, at Milwaukee, for 100 days in Company F, 41st Wisconsin Infantry, and was discharged at Milwaukee. He accompanied the command to Memphis and was at that place when Forrest made his PERSONAL RECORDS. 597 midnight raid and performed guard duty in protecting the hves and property of j)retended Unionists who possessed the sort of bravery which incited them to shoot men unawares. After liis return to Milwaukee, Mr. Lake en- listed in Company A, 51st Wisconsin Infantry, for one year or during the war. The com- panies weie forwarded to St. Louis, where they were i5tationed when the events transpired which closed the war, and Mr. Lake was en- gaged in guarding the construction forces on the PaciKc railroad until August, when he was mustered out. When he returned to Wisconsin, he came to Milwaukee and thence went toP^ond du Lac which was his home until 1877 when he located on his farm in Shawano county. In 1867 he was married to Ella Hull, of Ashford, Fond du Lac county, and Kve of their seven children are living. They are named Minnie, Jesse, Clara, Boyd and Daisy. Those deceased were named Marion and Alice. Mr. Lake is a substantial farmer of Sluiwano countv. ■>-^5>^^■•-J5t^^^■<5<^-l•l^^«f-► "ILLIAM H. MULKINS, a farmer in Buena Vista township. Portage Co., Wis., and formerly a soldier in the civil war, was born May 13, 1841, in New York, and lie is the son of .Joseph Mulkins who was born in the Empire State and is still residing in Buena Vista. He married Samantha, daughter of John Upthegrove, and when tlie son was but three or four years old the parents went to Canada. They resided there a few years and removed to Fond du Lac, Wis. Those were the days of tirst things in Wisconsin, and at tliat time there was no rail- road in that part of the State. After a resi- dence there of two years the family removed to Portage county where they iiave since resided. Mr. Mulkins has spent his life in farming, with the exception of the time he has passed in mili- tary service. He enlisted at Buena Vista, November 23, ISfil, in Com[)any G, 1st Wiscon- sin Infantry at Stockton, and was transferred Sept. 20, 18V)4, to Company E, 21st Wisconsin Infantry, and was again transferred to Company E, 3rd \Visconsin Infantry, .June 8,1865. Mr. Mulkins did not serve in the 1st Wisconsin, but made connection with the 21st Wisconsin at Nashville, and was first in action in the trenches at Chattanooga and he remained during the following winter at Lookout Mountain. Pie went with tiie regiment to the Atlanta cam- paign, and was in the battles of Resaca and Pumpkin Vine Creek, after which he was in the fight at Big Siianty and passed several days under fire at Kenesaw Mountain. He was in the battle of Peach Tree Creek where McPiier- son was killed and was next in the siege of At- lanta and in the battle of Jonesboro. He moved with his command in Sherman's forces and was a participant in the destruction, foraging, marching, building bridges, scouting and other varieties of experience and fought at Benton- ville. After the Grand Review at Washington, he went to Louisville where he received honor- able discharge July 18, 18'i5. During his en- tire period of service he did not lose a day nor was he excused from service for any cause. After his return to Wisconsin he engaged in farming in Buena \'ista and has since been occupied in that calling. He was married March 24, 1868, to Mary Galland, who died Dec. 15, 1874, leaving a son, who was born in 1870. His name is Walter. In 1877 Mr. Mulkins was married to Anna Chesmore, formerly a resident of Walker, Linn Co., Iowa. -^>i^ •-^>t>i^^<5 V ^ Plaintield and member of G. A. R. \^pi Po.st No. 197, was born October 11, 1847, in Norfolk, England. When he was two years old he came to America with his })arents, William and Charlotte (Catur) Goult and they located at Ogdensburg, New York, where they remained until 1863, when they came to Wisconsin, and located near Plainfield. While he was in the State of New York the war came on and he made an attempt to enlist but was stopped by his parents. He was only 14 years old but he was determined to witness the scenes of war, but while he was at Camp Wheeler, his father discovered him and put an end to his plans. August 20, 1864, be- fore he was 17, he enlisted as a recruit for the 8th Wisconsin Battery and jonied the command at Murfreesboro where the battery awaited the veterans and recruits. He reached Nashville the day before that on wliich "Pap" Thomas drove out and dispersed Hood's army, was a witness of the hiittle and joined in the chase of the flying rebel chief who never again had a command, and was connected with the pursuit until he reached Murfreesboro. He re- mained at Fort Rosecrans until -January, 1865, when he was transferred to the 6th Wisconsin Battery and served with that command at Chattanooga and thereabouts, until instructions were received for a return to Wisconsin. While at Chattanooga he obtained a view of Jeff 600 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF Davis when he was being taken through the city after his capture. During the months wliicli followed the close of the war, he was a witness of many singular scenes among the re- turning rebel soldiers which displayed their character in the same light as others exhited in their treatment of Union soldiers. He saw one sergeant stabbed to death by his captain because he refused to surrender his fine horse to his murderer. It was one of the rebel regu- lations that privates and non-commissioned of- ficers must surrender their horses while their superiors were allowed to retain them. The sergeant's horse would have become the prop- erty of the authorities, but the captain wanted it and no notice was taken of the small cir- cumstance that he murdered a man to obtain it. Mr. Goult was taken at Chattanooga, with some trouble with his eyes and with others similarly afflicted was in tlie hospital when his battery was discharged and he left the hospital August 24, 1865. He has very nearly lost the sight of his right eye. Since the close of the war he has resided at Plainfield. In 1866 he married Jane Greenfield who died in 1868, leaving two children, who died in infancy. In 186!), Mr. Goult was married to Huldah Wor- den and their children are named Laura, Charles, Ella and Ira. Lizzie, their oldest child, died when she was 12 years old. Mr. Goult has been Supervisor four years and still holds the office ; he is an-out and-out Rej)ublican in politics. -i>t^ -J>i^^^'^5^-»<=«f-' UFUS L. WING, Kewaunee, Wis., a member of G. A. R. Post No. 155, was born August 1, 1832, in Mar- shall, Oneida county. New York. He remained in his native State until 1848, when he removed to Calumet county, Wiscon- sin. Soon after he entered the law office of B. J. Sweet, at Chilton, with whom lie read and studied until 1859, when he established his practice as attorney at Ahnapee, and when the 21st Wisconsin Infantry was raised with Benja- min J. Sweet, his former instructor, as colonel, he enlisted as a private in Company K in Octo- ber, 1862, at Ahnapee for three years. Soon after he was commissioned to raise a company for the 27th Wisconsin regiment, but its ranks were full and his company was disbanded. August 30, 1864, he enlisted in Company I, 43rd Wisconsin Infantry for one year, and was made Orderly Sergeant on the organization of the company. The regiment went to Tennessee in October and camped at Johnsonville on the Tennessee River. This was the depot of sup- plies and there were millions of dollars in every kind of supplies for the use of the Union armies in the West. In November the rebels attacked the place and an important action ensued and the 43rd Wisconsin was under fire. On the last day of the month, the command started to Clarksville, marching through an almost primeval wilderness. They proceeded thence to Nashville aTid the companies went thence to Decherd, where tliey were detailed as guard on the bridges and along the line of the Nashville and Chattanooga railroad, where they remained until they returned to Nashville to be mustered out. After the war, Mr. Wing returned to Ahna- pee, and in 1869 was elected County Clerk and removed to Kewaunee whei'e he has since re- sided. He has also served as District Attorney. Mr. Wing has been prominent in his profession from the beginning of his practice. He is a man whose abilities and character have recom- mended him in his calling to a large clientage and to the service of the public. He is a prom- inent member of the Grand Army of the Re- public and, in February, 1888, was elected Senior Vice Commander of the Department of Wisconsin. In 1886 he was made chairman of the committee appointed by the Department Encampment to investigate charges against State Boards of Pension Examiners in regard to the ill usage of old soldiers presenting them- selves for examination. The work of the com- mittee has been so thorough and efficient that complaints have nearly ceased and justice been secured from the Boards to the applicants. Mr. Wing was married in 1856 to Mary Elliot of Chilton, Calumet county. Wis. George W. Wing, their only child, was born Sept. 1, 1857, and is associated with his father in legal practice. In 1885 he was appointed Countj' .Judge and is still officiating in that position. An interesting fact regarding Mr. and Mrs. Wing is that each belonged to a family of seven children. Mr. Wing is one of three .sons and four daughters, and Mrs. Wing is one of four sons and three daughters. The brothers of Mr. PERSONAL RECORDS. 601 Wing and the husbands of his four sisters and the brothers of Mrs. Wing and the liusbands of her sisters, 14 in all, entered the army. •»-J»»^--^>t^^^«i5«f-.'^5t^;^^S LSON COLE, a former soldier of the ^ civil war and a resident on section 7, in the township of Sigel, Wood Co., Wis., was born .January 17, 1845, in Starksboro, Addison Co., Vt., and lie is the son of Amos and Sally (James) Cole. When he was eight years old he removed to Wisconsin, locating in Dodge county in 1853, and he was a resident there until he entered the army. He enlisted May 16, 1864, in Com- pany K, 39th Wisconsin Infantry for 100 days, enrolling at Atwater, Dodge county. He ac- companied the command to Memphis and his regiment were doing picket duty when Forrest's cavalry raided the city. Mr. Cole in- jured his foot marcliing from the boat to the camp ground ; he was on picket duty tliree times, and the strain resulted in a fever sore on his left heel which was treated by Solomon Blood, S. S. Clark and John H. Benedict, sur- geons of the 39th. Mr. Cole remained with his regiment until his time expired, when he was discharged and returned home. Tlie swellings which had broken out on his right hip and left heel began to discharge after he reached home and he has since been almost wholly unable to walk. In 1877, he located on his farm in Sigel township. He was married to Margaret Heath- cote Dec. 16, 1873. Their children are named William A. and Harry V. Mrs. Cole's father, William A. Heathcote, was a carpenter in the employ of the U. S. Government during a part of the war and Mr. Cole had a brother who fought in the war of the rebellion three years. JT><;^-»-^>t^; >i^J5^*-^»l^ ^fe>^5tfw.>i!5<^* y^^^^ LI SEELY, one of the pioneer citizens I <^ of Winnebago countv, and a mem- \^!^ her of G. A. R. Post No. 241, and one of the first to locate at Oshkosh, where he has been connected with the history of its progress for about 30 years, was born June 1, 1822, in Deerfield, Tioga Co., Pa. He is the son of a farmer and was trained in a knowledge of that vocation, while he was ob- taining his schooling when a boy in his native place. As he advanced in years he was sent to Alfred Academy, in the town of the same name in Allegany Co., N. Y. Before he had reached the age of manhood he had acquired a knowl- edge of the use of tools, being a mechanic by natural inclination, and was a competent car- penter before he was in his teens. He came to Oshkosh in May, 1855, and has since been identified with the citizenship of Winnebago County. In 1858 he engaged in farming in the northern part of tlie county and was still interested in that occupation when the war broke out between the two sections of the Union. In 1861 he left the farm and was located at various points temporarily until he enlisted. Aug. 20, 1862, he enrolled as a private in Com- pany D, 32nd Wisconsin Infantry at Vineland, where he was staying for a short time. He en- listed for three years, or the war, and was in the service until Feb. 9, 1863, when he received a surgeon's certificate of disabihty and was honorably discharged at Memphis, Tenn. He passed some time in the hospitals at Oxford, Miss., and at Jefferson hospital in Memphis and was released from military obligations at the Convalescent Fort at Memphis. The 32nd was mustered in Sept. 25, 1862, and started for active service October 30th of the same year. November 3rd the command was in camp at Memphis. The assignment to the 5th Brigade was made 11 days after and the regiment was attached to the corps of Gen- eral Sherman, leaving for the South, November 26th. December 6th, they went into camp at Hurricane Creek and proceeded to Oxford two weeks later. The action at Holly Springs changed the plans of General Grant and a mes- senger from him arrested the regiment when about two miles from camp and it returned to that place where the command was the first to enter the captured place. The continuous and otherwise severe work in marching and guard duty made terrible havoc with the soldiers of the 32nd and Mr. Seely was among the hun- dreds of able men that succumbed to the hard- ships of the pursuit of Forrest, and he was sent to tlie hos])ital on sick leave to be discharged as disabled. Mr. Seely returned to Oshkosh, and, as soon as sufiiciently recovered, he resumed his busi- ness as a carpenter. He graduall}' enlarged the scope of his operations and has been for a greater portion of the time {)ursuing the busi- ness of a contractor and builder. He has man- aged the construction of a large number of the important and handsome structures which make Oshkosh one of the most attractive places in the Northwest ; 90 buildings in the city and about 50 in its vicinity form a creditable monu- ment to his industry. In nationality Mr. Seely is of English origin. His great grandsire was a native of England PERSONAL RECORDS. 605 and on coming to this country, he located in Connecticut where he reared his family. The grandfather of Eli Seely was a Lieutenant in the Revolution, and his father, Eleazer Heely, was a soldier of the war of 1812 and of tlie Mexican war. The latter was born in Litch- field, Conn., and married Mary Conant, who is his survivor and resides in Deertield, Tioga Co., Pa. She is 8G years of age, (1887.) The mar- riage of Eli Seely to Sarah C'urlis took place Christmas day, 1842. Tiieir children are named Emmaretta, Sarali Maria and Sophia Lovica. The family of Mrs. Seely were of New Hamp- shire origin. Her pai-ents were Daniel and Sarah (Sanderson) Curtis. •-^>»^->^?t^:^^.tf5«f-»«tf5<^ AMES BURTON, who is a citizen of Mar- inette, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 207, was born at Ogdensburg, St. Lawrence Co., New York, Nov. 1, 1844. He is of mixed English and Irish stock, his father, Robert Burton, having been born in the former covmtry and he married Ann Doyle, a native of the Emerald Isle. The marriage took place in America, making the son a native American citizen. He received his educa- tion, consisting of the three " R's ", at the com- mon schools of his native county, and at 11 years of age commenced his practical acquaint- ance with a life of labor. He became a farm- hand and continued that service until he deter- mined to become a soldier. His father having died, leaving a farm and a family of four small children, the place was sold by the mother, and the son, tlien 14, began his service as a laborer in the general interest, instead of being brought up under the care and protection of bis father. He was only three years old when the family inter- ests were removed from Ogdensburg to Wiscon- sin, the journey being made on a propeller on the St. Lawrence River and via the lakes to Milwaukee and thence to Menomonee, Waukesha county, where his father owned the farm referred to. After the sale of the farm, the mother and children went to Lisbon, Waukesha county, and Mr. Burton operated as a farmhand as has been stated. Tiie war was in its second year and he had become convinced of liis duty as a man and citizen prospective, altliough he was only 18. He enrolled Aug. 9, 1862, iu Com- pany A, 28th Wisconsin Lifantry, at Waukesha, for three years. He was discharged in Septem- ber, 1865, at Brownsville, Texas, being finally mustered out at Madison. The first service which Mr. Burton saw was in the suppression of the draft riots in Ozaukee county and in December he found himself incorporated with the struggle at the front, going from Wisconsin to Kentucky. Proceeding to Helena, Ark., in •January, the regiment went next on the White River expedition and was in all the activities of that campaign. They solved the question of the navigability of the river and returned to Helena. The command went next on the Yazoo expedition and was in all the actions, skirmishes and river service pertaining to the movement. It came to an abrupt termination and after being reinforced, another attempt was made to wring success from a forlorn hope, but it failed and the regiment returned to Helena once more. Mr. Burton was in the dis- persion of the rebel cavalry at McNutt and also in the destruction of rebel stores. In May, 1863, the command made another expedition to Cotton Plant, Ark. Matters had been con- centrating about Helena and, on the morning of.July4tb, 10,000 rebels made their appear- ance ready for business. The fight was one of the liveliest on record and the gallantry of the 28th in actual battle became history. The Union force was about 3,500 men. Mr. Bur- ton was also in a skirmish near Pine Bluff, Ark. The marchi'ng performed by the 28th in taking the positions assigned to the com- mand in the "various projected movements of whicii it was a part, if told in detail, would make a considerable account of itself. Finally, the regiment went to Mobile to take part in the action against that point, going thence by the water route; 45 miles of march- ing followed over terrible roads, and they took position in the trendies of Spanish Fort and performed siege and picket duty until the evacuation, proceeding to Blakely to find it had capitulated. Thence the command went to Mcintosh's Blutf, back to Mobile, camping in the city suburbs until ordered to Texas. Iu May, just one month after the surrender of. Johnston, they went to Mobile and thence to Brazos Santiago, Texas, thence to Clarksville at the mouth of the Rio Grande River, and in Au- gust to Brownsville, to be mustered out. They arrived at Madison on the loth of September. 606 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF Mr. Burton was in hospital at Columbus, Ky., where he suffered severely witli typhoid fever. He was in the field hospital and when the com- mand was about to start for Helena, Ark., he was visited by the boys to receive their good- byes, but persuaded his nurse to leave him for a moment, when he obtained iiis knapsack from under the bed and ran for the boat. He was seized with mumps at Helena and was taken care of without going to hospital. His next visitor was the inflammatory rheumatism, which caused his removal to Gayosa hospital at Memphis where he was treated and was obliged to use a cane several weeks. He re- joined his command at Helena and this was his last acquaintance with hospital life. His com- pany lost 22 men with fever, contracted in the river bottom. On arrival at home, he obtained employ- ment as a wood-chopper and in the following spring went to Iowa and Minnesota and re- turned to Menasha where he worked in a spoke and hub factory. In the following season he was engaged in harvesting on Green Lake Prairie, in the county of the same name. In May, 1869, he went to Marinette and became interested in the business which he has follow- ed without intermission since, in the sawmill of the H. Whitbeck company, for whom he has worked faithfully and satisfactorily 19 years. (1888.) His mother is still living at 78 and is keeping the house of her son. His brother Thomas resides in St. Croix county, and his sister, Mrs. Catherine fiuffkin, lives in Dakota. A cousin, Barney Cragin, a soldier in the 32nd Wisconsin, was a Corporal. *^>S>-^w;>^^<5*f^<5*f-* I^^RED BECKER, a citizen of Manito- ' ' " woe, Wis., and a member of Post No. 18, was born March 29, 1823, in Guid- linburg, Germany. He was reared ac- cording to the customs prescribed by law in his native country and, when 19, was conscripted into the Prussian array, in which he served nine years — from 1842 to 1851. He was as- signed to the 27th regiment of tiie line and served as Corporal. He participated in the Rev- olution of 1849, and fought at Lauterburg, Waghisel and Rachstadt. At Waghisel a regi- ment of married men lost upwards of 400 sol- diers. In the siege of Rachstadt, Major Becker was in contiuuous fighting 14 days. Major Becker came to America in 1853 and passed a year in Milwaukee, and in 1854 lo- cated at Manitowoc, which has since been his place of residence. He enlisted at Manitowoc Aug. 20, 1861, in Company B, 9tli Wiscousm Infantry, for three years. On the organization of the company he was made its Captain, and was discharged as such in 1802. He was instru- mental in tlie recruiting of the company and secured the quota in eiglit days. The regi- ment was in rendezvous at CampSigel, Milwau- kee, and left the State in January, 1862, for Kansas and entered upon frontier duty. Soon after reaching Leavenworth, the regiment re- ceived orders to proceed to Fort Scott and marched 166 miles to that point. It was the headquarters of the command during their in- cursions into ludian Territory in pursuit of rebels and Indians who had espoused the rebel cause. Captain Becker became ill from ex- posure and hardships and, under advice of the regimental surgeons, resigned and returned home. As soon as sufficiently recovered, he again interested himself in the work of raising recruits and, associated witli Captain A. Witt- mann, recruited 22 men, with whom they proceeded to Madison to ask for transpor- tation to Little Rock, where the Wisconsin 9th was stationed. Governor Lewis refused the request, desiring the soldiers to be assigned to one of the regiments being formed in the State. Captain Becker refused to serve in any but his former regiment and turned his interest over to his associate, who was assigned with the enlisted men to the 4Sth Wisconsin Infantry. In 1868 Captain Becker was commissioned Captain of a militia company of the 2nd Wis- consin National Guards and occupied that posi- tion until 1885, when he was commissioned Major of the same regiment. His son, Albert Becker, succeeded him in the position of Cap- tain. Major Becker is a thorough soldier, and his service in the armies of his own and his adopted country has been of great service and advantage to the organization of which he is a prominent officer. He was married in Prussia to Ida Bote in 1847. Their first born child, a promising son, is deceased. The daughter, Minnie, is the PERSONAL RECORDS. 607 wife of August Dumke, of Milwaukee. Ida re- mains at home to care for lier inalid mother. ■.-J!»t^-^*^i^^<5«f^<5<^ AVID GORHAM, Shawano, Wi.s., a memher of G. A. R. post No. 81, was born in Mackinaw, Mich., Dec. 25, 1815. He is of mixed EiigHsh and French descent, his father, David R. Gorham, liaving been born of EngHsh parents in New Brunswick, and his mother, Adaline LaPlante before marriage, being of French birth. Early in his life he was left at Mackinaw with a sis- ter, in charge of a governess, the business of his father necessitating the removal of the family to Green Bay, Wis. His father was there en- gaged in the manufacture of the Durham boats, a specie of river craft, whose mode of locomo- tion was impulsion by poles, the only sort available on the Fox at that time. He was employed by the Government and was acci- dently shot by a soldier named Hempstead. David and his sister Mary, aged respectively four and six j'ears, were sent for by their mother and at Green Bay he passed his boy- hood and attended school at the Episcoj)al Mi.s- sion. At 14 he was apprenticed to Charles S. Sholes of the Wisconsin Democrat, the second journal established in the State, to become a practical printer. He acquired a thorough understanding of the craft in all its details and, when the office was removed to Kenosha, he went also, to complete his period of service. He returned to Green Bay, where he was asso- ciated with Charles D. Robinson in the print- ing business, a connection which existed eight years. In 1869 he removed to Shawano which has since been his place of resi- dence, with the exception of a short abode at Oconto, Wis. During his career as a private citizen he was the editor of the Shawano Journal owned by Myron H. McCord. He is now in the office of his son, David Gorham, Jr., the publisher of the same paper. In September, 1861, Mr. Gorham enlisted at Oconto in Company G, 17th Wisconsin Infan- try, for three years. On the formation of his company he was made Orderly Sergeant and received honorable discharge in September of the following year for disabihty incurred in the war, at Corinth, Miss. The muster of the 17th was completed at the rendezvous at Madison about the middle of March, 1862, and it left tlie State a week later for St. Louis and, in April, the regiment went to Pittsburg Landing. Mr. Gorham was a participant in the various tranters and changes in assignment and was active in the siege of Corinth, where he suffered an injury resulting in hernia, whicli neces- sitated his withdrawal from heavy military duty. He was in the hospital at Corinth three weeks and was detailed from there to the Gov- ernment printing office at that place, where he remained two months. Not recovering, he returned to Cireen Bay and passed several months in an endeavor to recruit his health. In September, 1863, he went to Milwaukee to enlist in llie first company of the 35th Wiscon- sin Infantry, Colonel Orff. The organization was finished in Februar}', 1864, and lie was made 5th Sergeant of his compan}\ In the spring, the regiment went to St. Louis and in the last days of April were ordered to proceed to New Orleans, having failed to procure trans- portation to the original destination up the Red River. At the Crescent City the command received orders to move to Port Hudson. There Mr. Graham contracted a chronic disease of the bowels and, two months later, accom- panied the command to Morganzia, then up the White River to St. Charles and thence to Duvall's Bluff, reaching tliere October 18, 1864. There he went to the hospital and he was left by the regiment, disabled from his disease before named. He remained there until their return and in Feljruary the command moved to take part in the later scenes in tliat Dejiart- ment. He was instructed to join his regiment at New Orleans, but it had gone to Mobile and he went into hospital at New Orleans with the same difficulty as before. He remained there until the close of the war and there received his honorable discharge. Mr. Gorham was married in 1848 to Emily Benoit, a lady of French parentage born in Canada. Eight of their children are living. (1888.) Augu.stus D. is Clerk of the Circuit Court of Lincoln county. He married Cather- ine Bridge and they have a son named Willie. Phebe married i. M. Robinson and their de- ceased child was named Alice. Julia married Charles Kreuger and they have a child. Chris- tina married Paul Anderson and has four children. Eliza married John Jenney of Mer- rill and has three children. Matilda married 608 SOLDIERS ALBUM OF John W. Kline of Merrill and has four chil- dren. David married Maiy Andrews and they have one child. Joseph is a.ssociated with his hrother David in the publication of the Journal. Three children are deceased. Gardepie died at Green Bay aged two ; Alice died when a little more than two years old at Shawano, where Louie died when nine years of age. !»i^^<'^*f-'<^^*^- ILLIAM THEODORE GURNEE, of Appleton, Wis., was born July 12, 1829, at Clarkstown, Rockland Co., New York, and is the son of William A. and Estlier (Onderdonk) Gurnee and the former was the son of a soldier of the Revolution. The great grandfather of Mr. Gur- nee, Abraham A. Gurnee, was a prominent politician in the State of New York and served three terms as a member of the New York As- sembly. He was an ardent Whig and " stumped " for Henry Clay in 1844. Mr. Gur- nee lived in Rockland county until he was 17, when he passed six months in Haverstraw, learning the saddlers trade, after which he went to New York and spent three years in acquir- ing a knowledge of the business which he has since followed. He passed two years in New Jersey and came to Wisconsin in 1853, locating at DePere August 29th, and he passed a year there and another at Green Bay, going thence to Neenah and within two years located at Appleton. He enrolled at Appleton August 25, 1862, as saddler in Company A, 1st Wisconsin Cavalry, under the call for men to recruit old regiments, supposing that lie would be dis- charged with his regiment but he was held for three years. He received honorable discharge August 29, 1865, at Madison. Mr. Gurnee served as Company Saddler until September, 1863, when he was promoted to Regimental Saddler, a position for which he was detailed for some time previous. He joined his com- mand at Cape Girardeau, whence he went to Greenville and Patterson and was in the com- mand there under General Steele, and in Janu- ary, 1863, went thence to Newmarket, Barnes- ville and Pilot Knob, and afterwards to St. Genevieve and Cape Girardeau where he was in the battle with Marmaduke, going afterwards to Nashville where the command was assigned to the cavalry wing of the Army of the Cum- berland. He was in a skirmish at Middletown and went to the front under Stanley, the com- mand consisting of 30,000 cavalry and mounted infantry, going successively to Huntsville, Fayetteville and Darkinsville. When they crossed the Elk River, Mr. Gurnee was taken sick with bilious intermittent fe.ver and was sent to Seminary Hill liospital at Nashville, where he remained six weeks. Meanwhile the command had gone to Chattanooga and he re- joined his regiment after the battle of Chicka- mauga. He went next to Stevenson, Ala., where he met General H. E. Paine and took his horse and a mule to the regiment at Chat- tanooga, and from there the command went back to Bridgeport and three weeks later to Greenville wiiere he was promoted. In com- pany with Major Torrey he went to Murfrees- boro and Nashville to draw horses for the regi- ment, and after securing the animals tliey started for Knoxville. While crossing Stone River his horse fell and his right leg was severely injured, but he finished the trip, going through Kingston to Knoxville where he ar- rived about tlie first of January and went tlience to Strawberry Plains. He forded the river and the water being high, the clothing of every one in the command was wet and the}' i"ode all day in the piercing cold with- out changing. Wiiile in camp at Strawberry Plains there was fighting nearly every morning. As a rule the bugle called them to "boots and saddles" before breakfast and they mounted with their hands filled with rye cakes, which they ate on horseback. These cakes were about as solid as the shot encoun- tered in tlie field, there being no saleratus for " lightening " purposes and when they had opportunity they burned corn cobs and used the ashes in lieu of the genuine article. He was in the action at Mossy Creek and Dandrige previous where C. C. Townsend was taken pris- oner. (See sketch.) Mr. Gurnee lost his horse and was captured, but managed to make his escape, and they fell back to the railroad cross- ing, where a second liorse which he had obtained gave out and he walked to Knoxville, where he remained until he drew another horse, when he rejonied his command on the Tennessee River, and went thence to Madisonville, where he re- mained about three weeks. He proceeded thence to Cleveland, where he was in camp about six weeks and went thence on the Atlanta PERSONAL RECORDS. 609 campaign, during whicli he was in a skirmish nearly every day. iVIay 29, lt^^^<5«e-^<5«f-<- ANIEL A. BARTON, Amherst, Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 16, was born in Chemung county, New York, Nov. 12, 1842. His parents, Stephen and Eunice (Root) Barton, were natives of the Empire State. His mother died when he was three years old, and he was placed in a family where his father supposed he would find a good home, but the contrary was the case, and, when he was six years old, he ran away to escape the severity with which he was treated. His father obtained another liome for him, but the family soon after went West, and he was bound to a man in Pennsylvania. The latter's son pos- sessed an ungovernable temper, which he vented on the boy, subjecting him to every im- aginable indignity. At length, in a fit of pas- sion, lie was ordered to leave, and was not slow in obeying the welcome command. He com- menced proceedings to recover his just due, but was persuaded by intimidated friends to aban- don his legal claim. He was his own master and improved tlie privilege by attending the district scliool and, througli the following win- ter, was a pu|iil at a private school in Mansfield, Pa. He was then 17 years old. He had re- tained a remembrance of tlie second family to whom he had been entrusted and, ascertaining their whereabouts, came to Amherst to find them. He was successful in his quest and ob- tained work in a Houring mill, where he re- mained about six months. He went next to Waupaca, where he obtained a chance to go to scliool and to work lor his board. He took ad- vantage of the opportunity and attended school until he enlisted in Company G, 21st Wisconsin Infantry, in September, 1862. While at Mad- ison he had a desire to go to the city and wrote an order,which he took to the othcer in command for his signature; the official looked at the pa- per and asked who wrote it ; on receiving in- formation he told him to wait a few minutes and placed in his care a letter to the mustering officer in Madison. He delivered the message and carried the answer back to Camp Randall, and was informed that he was detailed in the office and was assigned to a desk. He offi- ciated in the position until March 8, 1864,when an order was issued, ordering every able-bodied man to join his regiment at the front and to sur- render their places to wounded soldiers. Mr. Barton made connection with his regiment in winter quarters on Lookout Mountain in Tenn- essee. May 1st, orders were received for the command to join Sherman at Chattanooga, and they left on the following day. The next daj- they encountered the rebels, whom they drove to Tunnel Hill, and was in hot fight for six hours, when the rebels retreated to BuzzardRoost, made another stand and Mr. Barton was in liat- tle two days. The rebels moved to Rocky Face Ridge and took a position on the top of tiie cliff. The 21st Wisconsin followed to the foot and took a position so close to the rocks that many were injured by the stones rolled down upon them from above, while they attracted the at- 612 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF tention of the rebels from the main Hue of Gen- eral Hooker, who made an attack in the rear and captured 1,500. May 12th, the 21st passed through Snake Creek Gap, took possession of the top of the ridge before dny break and re- mained through the night, and the next day marched at three in the afternoon to fight the rebels at Resaca. Mr. Barton was detailed with three other men to return to the Gap to order rations, and returned in the morning after a sleepless niglit. The first orders given were for a bayonet charge and the line moved forward into a ravine with fixed bayonets. The next command was to move on the double quick for a bayonet charge, in which Mr. Burtnn was a participant. The charge met a repulse and several retreated to the rear. He was one to re- main and load, lying on his back. He would wait for a rebel to .show himself and then fire, and lie drew a bead 28 times, a face always dis- appearing afterwards. The next thing lie knew was, that he was hit by a ball in the left thigh, which passed into the vicinity of the spine. He was finally conveyed to the field hospital, where he remained about 14 days, after wiiich he was transferred to the hospital train and car- ried to Cliattanooga and insisted, after three days, on being taken to Nashville. He was sent, contrary to the advice of the surgeons, as it was their opinion he could not endure the journej'. He remained there until Oct. 24, 1864, when he came to Wisconsin on a fur- lough. He had leave for 60 days but became homesick, so to speak, for the associations and excitement of life in the army and went, at the end of 14 days to Madison, and remained in the hospital there until he received final dis- charge in December, 1864. He came home, but soon after received a letter from his former physicians, stating that they would like to have him in the capacity of a clerk at the new hos- pital in Madison, and he went, but was unable to endura the work. He remained in Madison, occupied with insurance business through 1865, and was obliged by impaired health to aban- don that occupation. He went to Amherst and became associated with W. V. Fleming in the construction and management of a sawmill. July 8, 1866, he was married to Wilhelmina Fleming, the daughter of his partner. Her mother before marriage was Catherine Wiley. The family was of Eastern origin. Mrs. Barton was the first white child born at Stevens Point, where her parents were pioneer settlers. Her children include two sons and two daughters. Nellie was born June 16, 1868 ; Mabel was born Sept. 8, 1872. George Fleming and Daniel Wiley, twins, were born in Amherst, May 30, 1884, the memorial day of that year. •-i5>t^ •-^^^i^^ '«F«f-.^<5«f- ETER TUBBS, of Seymour, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 198, was born May 3, 1841, in Newstead, Erie Co., New York. He is the son of Jacob and Clymena (Cottrell) Tubbs and they were born respectively in New Yoi'k and Massachusetts. The father is a member of the family of his only son and is 82 years old ; the mother is living at Am boy, Minn., with her daughters. Mr. Tubbs is a second cousin of Hon. C. C. Washburn, governor of Wisconshi in 1873-4, and twice Representative in Con- gress. He is an only son and had six sisters as follows : — Alaxenia married Charles Knowles and both are deceased ; Sarah Jane married Alfred Merrill and lives at Eagle Lake, Minn.; Sybil Eliza married Allen B. Merrill and is now dead ; Carrie Drusilla married George Cooper and is a widow, residing at Amboy, Minn.; Clymena Delany married Albert Anderson and lives at Amboy, Minn.; Lydia Emogene mar- ried Martin M. Stratton and lives at Amboy, Minn. When seven years old Mr. Tubbs came to Wisconsin with his parents, who located on a 40-acre farm in Lebanon, Dodge county, then a dense wilderne.ss without roads, and he was employed in the labors incident to farm life on the frontier and obtained his education in a log school house built in every way in pioneer style, with split logs for seats wdiose legs were small poles .set in auger holes. These experi- ences were all the variety he knew until the struggle of the South for release from obliga- tions to the Government began, and Mr. Tubbs enlisted August 14, 1862, ia Company I, 29tli Wisconsin Infantry at Neosho for three years. He was then 21 years old and he served until the close of the war, receiving honorable dis- charge at Shreveport, La., and returned to Madison where the regiment disbanded July 17, 1865. The regiment left Wisconsin No- vember 2nd, 1862, for Cairo, 111., where orders were received to proceed to Helena, Ark., and Mr. Tubbs was with the regiment in the varied PERSONAL RECORDS. 613 service conducted by Colonel Gill until Janu- ary, when the command was detailed to accom- pany an expedition up tlie White River and was assigned to the 1st Brigade commanded bj' Colonel McGinnis. Mr. Tultbs was a partici- pant in all the service performed by the com- inand and in all the experiences later, until tlie battle of Port Gibson, when he was under heavy fire and he fought at Cliampion's Hill, siege of Vicksburg, battle of Jackson, and was with Banks in all the service of the ill-fated Red River expedition, fighting in the battle of Sa- bine Cross Roads. Pie was in the actions in the vicinity of Mobile which resulted in the suri'en- der of Spanish Fort and Fort Blakely, and ac- companied the command successively to New Orleans, Shreveport and Wisconsin. After the battles of Port Gibson and Champion's Hill, the brigade commander, then General McGin- nis, spoke with Jiighcst connnendation of the .service rendered by tlie 29th Wisconsin. After the war Mr. Tubbs engaged in farming and for two years worked three farms on shares, when he located on his present homestead on a heavily timbered tract of SO acres, and lie has since added by purchase a 40-acre farm and another one of 80 acres and is now the posses- sor of a highly cultivated and valuable estate called " Woodland Farm," and in 1888, be is engaged in dairying and in traffic in dairy and farm products. Mr. Tubbs is independent in political athlia- tion, but is a Republican of inflexible type. He is chairman ot the Kepublican Committee of his Assembly District, and represents Outa- gamie county on the Repul)lican Congressional Committee. He has always taken an active part in politics and exjiects to remain a Repub- lican until a fair election and a fair count can be secured in the Southern States and as long as the Democrats strive to reduce tiie reveu''" by free trade, instead of paying just due .^ me defenders of the Union. He firml}' believes in the compensation to the soldiers for the differ- ence in the depreciated money in which they were paid, considering the rights of the soldiers in every sense equal to those of tlie bondhold- ers. He was married .Jan. 4, 1800, to Pliebe H. M. Armitage, and their eight children are named Lloyd H. ^-arrie J., Flora F., Mary E., Leonora L., Phebe . ., George P. and John H. Mr. Tubbs has been prominent in local mu- nicipal management and lias served as Chaii'- man. Town Clerk, Treasurer and Assessor; in 1880 he took the census of Seymour; he estab- lished the tir.st postottice in the town of Sey- mour and was first Postmaster; he is the Presi- dent of the Seymour Fair and Driving Park Association. EORGE ALLEN, of Waupaca, Wis., i - > I » and a member of G. A. R. Post No. '^^l 21, was born Feb. 25, 1820, in Star- bridge, Worcester Co., Mass. His parents, Timotiiy and Theresa (Marsh) Allen, were members of tiie I\iritan families who were of stock which settled Ma.ssachusetts when it was the " Bay Colony." Etlian Allen of colon- ial fame, was a member of one branch of the family and General T. S. Allen, a hero of the civil war, whose sketch is to be found on another page, is also connected with them in aneestral origin. Tlie parents of Mr. Allen removed from Massachusetts to Madison Co., New York, when the son was six years old, and the mother died there. His father removed later to Vin- land, Wisconsin in 1847, and died there, aged 66 years. Their family surviving, inchided three sons and three daughters. Mr. Allen of this account is the youngest. He was brought up according to the manner common in the training of a New England boy and was 26 when he accompanied his father to Wisconsin. He bought lantl in Winnebago county and in 1846 returned to his native State, where he was a resident until 1848. While there, he was married to Julia Ann, daughter of Merrick Richmond. They removed to Wisconsin in the year of their marriage and were pioneers of Winnebago county. Tliey encountered all the jieculiar privations and hardships incident to that period of the liistory of the Badger Slate and remained in Winnebago county until 1855 wlien they removed to Dayton, Waupaca coun- ty and engaged in the business of agriculturists. Sep. 13, 1861, Mr. Allen enlisted in Company A, 8tli Wisconsin Infantry, at Waupaca, for three years. (This was the Eagle Regiment, and all the world knows the history and fables about "Old Abe," the kingly bird that went through the war with the command, became the property of the State of Wisconsin and died at Madison in 1882.) The 8th left Wisconsin Gil SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF for the front October 12th for Missouri. The first engagement with tlie rebels in which Mr. Allen was engaged, was at Frederickstown, where Jetf Tiiompson was routed and driven. He was afterwards occupied witli guard duty until March of the next year, w hen the regi- ment was transferred to the command of Gen- ei-al Pope. It was assigned to duty in the vicinity of New Madrid, and in April went to the pursuit of the rebels who were flying after the fight at Island No. 10. The command was afterwards in tiie vicinity of Corintli and Mr. Allen fought in the battle of Furmington. June 20, 1862, he was taken sick and went to Camp Clear Creek and, with other sick, was transferred to luka. After becoming convales- cent he was detailed for detached duty and was in cliarge of the sick who were sent away from luka when Ih-agg made his famous raid into Tennessee after supplies for his famishing army, going to Jackson, Tenn. In the spring of 1863 he went, under orders, to rejoin his regiment at Vicksburg. He reached Memphis and was there detained by General Hurlburt and re- ceived honorable discharge. He was released from military duty Hep. 16, 1864, on the ex- piration of his term. His disease was scurvy, contracted in the first months of his connection with the army and he was so badly aftlicted with it that they would not permit him to veteranize and he returned iiome when dis- charged. He resumed farming after his return to Wisconsin and was occupied in that business until 1880, when he removed to the city of Waupaca, since his place of abode. His only son, Merrick Timothy Allen, has since been engaged in the management of tlie farm. Mr. and Mr. Allen are well and favorably regarded in the community of which they are members. He was a good soldier and has been a good citizen. He was interested in the issues on the battle field and was forbidden to participate to greater extent than he did, on account of his physical condition. HARLES RAHR, of Oshkosh, Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 241, was born Nov. 27, 1836, in Wessel, Province of the Rhine, Prussia. When he was 20 years old he resolved to place himself in a situation where the efforts of his manhood's strength, and the application of his purposes should add to his own interests, as well as to that of the land wherein he was a citizen. Tlie genuiness of his sentiments and the quality of the spirit of patriotism w!iicli lay at the root of his motives is sufficiently demons- trated by tlie fact that he had been a resident of the United States but a few years when he was as much interested in the affairs of his adopted country as if "to the manor born." Tlie 9th Wisconsin Infantry was recruited at Camp Sigel, Milwaukee, and was composed almost wholly of Germans. The enlisting pro- gressed with a rapidity that surprised the authorities themselves, and would have carried a much needed lesson to tlie officials in the "Fatherland" who enforce the compulsory en- rolhnent of every citizen at a certain age. The mustering m was completed in October, and, Jan. 22, 1862, the command left Wisconsin for Fort Leavenworth, Kas. Mr. Ralir enlisted at Green Bay, in the same month in which lie took his leave of his ad- opted State for three years service if need be, in the ranks of war. He enrolled in Company H, and, on the organization of the company he was made Corporal. When mustered in at Milwaukee, he was promoted to Orderly or Commissary Sergeant, and held that position as long as he was in the service. The partic- ular point for which the regiment was destined was 10 participate in the "Southwestern Expe- dition," the troops for which were to assemble at Fort Scott. They reached there after a march of 160 miles, where the command re- mained until the last of May, when the project was abandoned. From that time the regiment was occupied successively in expeditions against the rebels, and Indians connected with the con- federate forces, in skirmishes with jayhawkers, and in making heavy marches. In September, at Newtonia, Company H, with three others, was in a sharp engagement witli the rebels who were ambushed and suffered severely in killed, wounded and prisoners. In the spring the paroled soldiers rejoined the command. The Army of the Frontier, to which the 9th had been assigned, was designed to put an end to the combinations of rebels and Indians, to pro- tect supply trains and to do service in all capaci- ties where needed. Consequently, it performed duties of the most arduous and dangerous character, mucli of which has never been por- PERSONAL RECORDS. G15 trayed on the pages of history. On one occa- sion the brigade took possession of Rheas' flour- ing mills, wliere the men became practical millers until necessity came for serving in their original capacit}' of soldiers. After doing good work in that line, they resumed bread making. In the raid on Van Buren they marched (iO miles in two days, returning thence to the mills. Mr. Rahr was a participant in the sharp action called the battle of Jenkins' Ferry, where the command made a special record for gallan- try on the field. He was mustered out at Mil- waukee, Dec. 4, 1864. He passed through his period of service uninjured, save in one in- stance when, in a tornado of wind, he was blown with violence into a open box of hard- ware, and one of his ribs was loosened. This Jiappened at Fort Scott, and he was in the hospital for six weeks. Mr. Rahr came to America alone. He landed at New York and came thence to Manitowoc, where he operated as a gunsmith about a year and a half. He went thence to Davenport, Iowa, where lie remained some time, similarly engaged. From there lie went to Green Bay, Wis., wiiere he remamed until the date of his eiitering the army. He returned there for a period of two months and then came to Osh- kosh and established the business in which he has since been interested. He is tlie son of Frederick and .Johanna (Huffstadt) Rahr. His father and grandfather were soldiers in the Prussian army. He was married in Green Bay, Jan. 1, 1865, to Caroline Hochgrave, and they have six children — Charles, Caroline, Clara, Annie, Ella Mary and Olga. OSEPH MARTELL, of West Depere, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 91, was born May 2, 1840, at Green Bay, Wis. He is the son of Joseph and Josephine (Bcrdeau) Martell and his parents were born in Canada. One of the sons was an enlisted man in the l"2tli Wisconsin Infantry and died after the war. Charles and Paul are living, and also Eliza and Mary, two sisters. Mr. Martell enlisted at Round Prairie, Wis., Aug. 12, 1862, in Company E, 28th Wisconsin Infantry for three years and received honora- ble discharge Aug. 28, 1865, at Brownsville, Texas. Tiie regiment was first assigned to State duty in the enforcement of the draft and went to Port Washington. The command left the State in December, 1862, and went to Co- lumbus, Ky., moved next to Helena, Ark., and thence to St. Charles. After returning -to Helena, the Yazoo Pass expedition was entered upon and Mr. Martell was left at Helena sick with fever. He was recovered at the time the rebels made an attack on the city after the re- turn of the command and, afterwards accom- panied Steele to Littk' Rock. They went next to Duval I's Blutt', back to Little Rock, pursued Marmaduke to the Saline River and again i-e- turned to Little Rock. During the winter, Mr. Martell was occupied in guarding pontoon bridges and in the defenses of Pine Bluff. He was, meanwhile, in one lively fight, in whicli several hundred rebels were captured. Early in 1865 the regiment was assigned to Canby's troops and went to participate in the actions against the defense of Mobile. Mr. Martell saw the service in the trenches at Spanish Fort, went to Fort Blakely, thence to the Tombigby River, and to Texas, where he went from San- tiago to Clarksville and, later, to Brownsville, where he severed his connection with the army and with military life. He was sick for some time in the course of his service and, finally, a fever sore made its appearance on his leg whicli has caused permanent stitthess of that member. He returned to Wisconsin and engaged as a boatman and shipped on the"Dunlap" and " Nicollet" on which he did duty as watchman and wheelsman and is now captain and part owner of the latter. He was married Jan. 1, 1874, to Hattie Porlier, of Green Bay; tiieir children who are living are named Mary, Kate, Frank, Clara, Pauline, Louis and Hattie. Josephine died in infancy. The mother of Mr. Martell died in March, 1887. '>^^'^**?-*'^5<~* OSEPH GIBBARD, of Brooklyn, Green Lake Co., Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 202, was born July 13, 1826, in Warwickshire, England. He was reared in his native county and, in 1855, came to America. He settled in Green Lake county^ 616 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF where he has since resided, with the exception of the time he passed in the array. In Sep- tember, 1864, he enhsted in Company D, 1st Wisconsin Heavy Artillery, at Princeton for three years and received honorable discharge in August, 1865, at Alexandria, Va., the war being at an end. The battery was organized and mustered Nov. 7, 1863, and went to New Orleans, where Mr. Gibbard joined the com- mand which was after\rards transferred to Fort Berwick near Brashier City and, in June, 1865, went to Washington and was mustered out of service August 18th following. The duties performed by Mr. Gibbard were those common to soldiers in heavy artiller}', performing gar- rison duty. He passed most of the time in heavy laljor in acquiring a knowledge of light and heavy artillery practice and also in in- fantry tactics. He also performed duties in- cident to garrison life and labored on the forti- fications in various capacities. During the time he was in the service he was ill with chronic diarrhea and fever and ague and although he was excused from duty at various times, he re- ceived treatment in camp without going to the hospital. For two years after his return to Wisconsin, he suffered from fever and ague and has never been wholly free from the disease. He is the son of -John and Elizabeth (Neal) Gibbard and his parents passed their lives in England. Mr. Gibbard married .lulia Crosby and their surviving children are named Mary, Elizabeth, John, Thomas, Henry, Catherine, Anna, Frances, Joseph, Esther and l^eter. The oldest daughter is married and a child named Joseph is deceased. EORGE HENRY MEYERS, a resi- K dent at Applelon, Wis., Judge of ^i^^!S)2A ^^^^ If*^'^ Circuit of Wisconsin, com- prising Florence, Forest, Langlade, Outagamie and Shawano counties, was a soldier of the Union in the civil war. He was born Oct. 24, 1824, at Middletown, Delaware Co., New York, and is the son of Samuel and Rachel (Austin) Meyers. His mother was the daughter of Pardon Austin, who married Rhoda Stanton who belonged to the family from which a branch went in the early history of the country, lo- cating near Marietta, Ohio, represented by Sec- retary Edwin M. Stanton, who was the son of the great uncle of Judge Meyers. His grand- father Austin was reared and educated in the cities of Brooklyn and New York, and he after- wards located on the Delaware River, where he pursued the business of a tanner and currier and also operated some years as a manufacturer of boots and shoes, after which he built and operated a sawmill on the head waters of that historic stream. He had a large family connec- tion located in the vicinity of the small lakes in the State of New York. John Henry Meyers, his paternal grandfather, was one of the Hes- sian soldiers who came to America in April, 1776. (In the war with America, England ob- tained troops of the German Government by pur- chase. A portion of the soldiers in the British service was supplied to England from the ranks of the German army, at that date full to over- flowing through the system of conscription in Germany. England paid at the rate of $36 per ca])ita for 17,000 of these soldiers who were among her best troops.) The grandfather of Judge Meyers was among the prisoners taken in the capture of Burgoyne's army, Oct. 17, 1777, and, after the cessation of hostilities, set- tled in this country and married Catherine Shaver. The grandmother was a member of a family whose patronymic is perpetuated in the name of Shavertown on the Delaware River. She belonged to the old stock of Hollanders who settled on the Hudson River when New York was known as New Amsterdam in the days of Peter Stuyvesant and Van Twiller. When Judge Meyers was four years old his pai"- ents removed to Erie county, Pennsylvania. He obtained a sound elementary education in the common schools at Waterford in that county and at Erie Academy and, in the year of his majority, commenced the study of law and read three and a half years in the office and under the guidance of Hon. John H. Galbraith at Erie. He was admitted to practice in the courts of the Ke3'stone State in the May term of 1849. Within the same year he removed to Appleton where he entered upon the practice of law in which he was occupied until he entered the army in the civil war. He enlisted in 1865 in the 50tli Wisconsin Infantry and on the forma- tion of the regiment was commissioned 1st Lieutenant and Adjutant of the regiment. The command left the State in the spring of 1865 under orders for St. Louis and went thence to Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, and afterwards to PERSONAL RECORDS. 617 Fort Rice, Dakota, where the regiment per- formed guard and garrison duty and Judge Meyers was connected witli the command and discliarged the duties of the position until his resignation, August 14, 1865, when ho returned to Madison and was mustered out of tlie United States service. On his return to Appleton he resumed the practice of law. He founded a popular husiness and became prominent as an expounder of law. His connection with impor- tant cases and success in his judiciary relations gave him a substantial repute which was ac- knowledged by Gov. William Smith in his ap- pointment as Judge of the 10th Judicial Cir- cuit of Wisconsin to fill a vacancy caused by the resignation of Hon. E. H. Ellis, to take effect Jan. 10, 1879. In the spring of 1879, Judge Meyers was elected for a term of six years and was re-elected in the spring of 1885 for a term which he is now serving. (1888.) Judge Meyers was married August 25, 1852, to Betsy Ann Hawley and their only child is a daughter named Ada Elizabeth. A son named George Henry Samuel died in 1864, when three years old. Mrs. Meyers was born in Susque- hanna county, Pennsylvania, and is the daugh- ter of Newton and Alcy (Potter) Hawley. Her lineage dates back to the early settlers of Con- necticut. William Teal Meyers, brother of Judge Meyers, was an enlisted man in a Penn- sylvania regiment and received injuries in the service which caused paralysis and he has been an invalid since the war. An uncle, Henry Meyers, enlisted in the regular army of the United States at an early period of the settlement of the West and saw much arduous service on the frontier prior to the Mexican war. His maternal uncle, Free- man Austin, was with John Brown in Kansas and with the Army of the Frontier with Gen- eral Blunt. He was a scout, and a sharpshooter and rendered valuable service in the civil war. A simple account of the life and servicees of a citizen of the Republic, one which displays his relations to his country and locality and estab- lishes the fact that he has sustained the char- acter of a man who recognizes his obligations as a custodian of the institutions of the country, is fittest for the permanent record of any indi- vidual who can say as can Judge Meyers, now that he is on the sunset side of an honorable career, "I recognized and performed my duty." Such a record on a printed page is a fitter me- morial than fulsome inscriptions of personal merit on tablets of brass. ASON BRAYMAN, Attorney at _ ^ Ripon, Wis., late Brevet-General ■>J^J^^^^ of U. S. Volunteers in the civil war, was born May 23, 1813, at Buttalo, New York. His father, Daniel Braj'- man, was a descendant from English ancestry in the fourth remove, and his mother, Nancy (English) Brayman, wasa native of Connecticut. The son was reared on a farm, and in 1831 entered the office of the Buffalo 'Journal to ob- tain a knowledge of the printer's trade. He was not twenty-one when he became editor of the Buffalo Bulletin, and meanwhile studied law with Sheldon Smith. In 1836 he was ad- mitted to practice in the State courts of New York at Buffalo, and entered upon the practice of law in his native city, where he was assoc- iated with Benoni Thompson until his removal to Monroe, Mich., in 1837. He then formed a partnership with J. Q. Adams in the practice of law, and also edited the Monroe \lhneii. He went to Louisville, Ky., in 1840, and became editor of the Louisville Advertise); \in{'\\ his re- moval to Springfield, III, in 1842, where he became associated with Jesse B. Thomas in the practice of law. In 1843 he was appointed by Gov. Ford to act in the capacity !]of State's Attorney in the adjustment of the difficulties between the people oflllinois and the Mormons, who had located at Nauvoo in 1839, and had awakened the animosity of the citizens. In 1844, General Brayman was appointed by the Governor and Legislature of Illinois to revise the laws ; and he performed alone, the labor of preparing and codifying the First Revised Statutes of that State which went into force in 1845. His supervision of Mormon affairs was aided by the presence of two volunteer militia companies — one from Macoupin county ; the other being the famous "Quincy Rifles," Cap- tain J. D. Morgan and B. F. Prentiss, 1st Lieut- enant, both of whom were afterwards Major Generals of Volunteers in the civil war. In 1851, General Brayman became solicitor of the Illinois Central railroad company, drafting their charter and acting as their attorney until the road was completed. He afterwards prac- ticed law at Chicago, associated with John 618 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF Baker, and in 1856 commenced operations in railroad matters in his own interest in Missouri and Arkansas, in whicli he was occupied until 1861. He entered the militar}^ service of his coun- try as Major of the 29th Illinois InfanU\y, Aug. 29, 1861. He was detailed for duty by General McClernand, as Assistant Adjutant General and Chief-of-Staff. He was in the actions at Bel- mont, Fort Henry, Fort Donelson, Pittsburg Landing, Corinth, Jackson and Bolivar, being exposed to the usual contingencies of the ser- vice, without injury, though having horses wounded at Belmont and Shiloh. His enthus- iastic daring was conspicuous at Pittsburg Landing on the first day, when he inspired a disheartened line of Union soldiers, by carry- ing the regimental colors of the 18th Illinois forward to their front and holding the line, while himself exposed to the fire of both armies. At noon Major Brayman was the only officer of the staff remaining for duty. May 15th he was commissioned Colonel of the " 29th " to date from April 6th, for meritorious conduct at Shiloh. September 24th, 1862, he was made a Brigadier-General by appointment of President Lincoln. Until June, 1863, he was in com- mand of the Post at Bolivar, Tenn.; and was next in command at Camp Dennison, Ohio, where he ofliciated in the reorganization of about 75 regiments of Ohio veterans. He was next on duty at Cairo, 111., during the activi- ties of Forrest's career in western Kentucky; was next detailed as President of a Court of In- quiiy into the causes which led to disgraceful and calamitous defeat of General Sturgis at Guntown. July 12th, 1864, he was placed in command at Natchez, Miss.; and in March of the following year, he was ordered to New Or- leans as President of a Commission to examine claims against the U. S. Government and spent three months in that service. His reports of a hundred cases were added to the war records at Washington and afterwards proved of value in deciding upon the validity of numerous claims, which though fradulent, were brought before the Court of Claims for re-hearing and again rejected upon the proofs furnished by General Brayman. In June he returned to Illinois and was mustered out Aug. 24, 1865. May 25, 1866, he was made Major-General by brevet, to rank from March, 1865. After his release from military service he spent several years in looking after his rail- road interests, which had been necessarily re- linquished on the opening of hostilities in 1861. In 1873 he removed to Wisconsin, pur- chasing property in Green Lake, where he built his country place, " Grey Rock." In July, 1876, he was appointed by President Grant, Governor of Idaho, where he discharged his duties in the same careful and conscientious manner which characterised his former career as a soldier. He returned to Wisconsin in 1880 and resumed the practice of law at Ripon. He was married Sept. 6, 1836, to Mary, daughter of Richard and Sophia (Morton) Wil- liams of Cliautauqua Co., N. Y. Of Gen. Bray- man's cliildren two survive : — Ada S., wife of Major W. H. Bailhache, formerly a Major and Quarterma.ster in the army and in 1888 (cur- rent year) a resident of San Diego, Cal., and Mary B., wife of Theodore Gowdy of Kansas City. Mo. Mason, a son died in childhood; and Nellie, wife of C. A. Sharpe of Chicago, died in 1881. The wife and mother died Feb. 19, 1886. She was a descendant of Roger Wil- liams and two of her great uncles — William Williams and John Morton — were signers of the Declaration of Independence. Abner Wil- liams, her oldest brother, was kUled at 18 at the battle of Lake Erie on the flag-ship "Law- rence," Sept. 10, 1813. General Brayman is a gentleman of the old school; pure and simple patriotism was his her- itage, and modesty and decision of character are his ingrained traits. With the heroism of true manhood, he never stopped while in the service to question in any emergency, but went to meet it without considering possible disaster to himself personally. The generations of the future who review the annals of the volunteer service in the civil war, will justly regard him as a represeutative of the Spirit which won the victory of the Union in the Rebellion. *^^^ ILLIAM H. RICE, Plainfield Wis., was born Sept. 11, 1844, in Russell, St. Lawrence Co., New York. When he was 11 years old, in 1855, his parents, Wm. S. and Jennett (Stembing) Rice, removed their family to Wis- consin and located in Waupaca county. Mr. Rice was a little more than 17 years old PERSONAL RECORDS. 619 when he enhsted in November, 1861, at Wau- toma, in Company H, IGth Wisconsin Infantry, for three 3'ears. He was mustered into service in January, J 862, and was transferred to Com- pany I. In November, 1863, he veteranized at Redbone, Miss., and was discharged March 1.5, 1865, on account of disabihty produced by wounds. At the time of his enhstment his pa- rents were ignorant of the fact and, when they ascertained, five weeks later, that lie had en- rolled in an infantry regiment, they made an attempt to secure his release on the ground that he was the only sou capable of rendering them assistance, but they failed in the attempt and he went to make connection with the forces of Grant with his regiment. He was in the battle at Pittsburg Landing and was wounded in his arm. He was sent to the hospital at New- berg, Ind., which was raided by a body of rebel guerrillas and all the inmates of the hospital captured. They were paroled and went thence to the Salt Mills hospital at Evansville, and Mr. Rice rejoined his regiment at Grand Junction, Tenn. The paroled prisoners were sent thence to St. Louis, where Mr. Rice waited some time to be exchanged and, growing tired of staying in St. Louis and, being unable to obtain trans- portation to their regiments, they fell in with a squad going aboard a boat that was going down the river and, while the squad was being counted, they hid in the hold and escaped de- tection ; they finally reached their respective regiments, the 14th and 16th Wisconsin, at Lake Providence. The fact that Mr. Rice was wounded had detained him at St. Louis, while other paroled prisoners had returned to Wis- consin and been exchanged. He did not re- ceive notice that he had also been exchanged, and his officers declined to give him a gun as he would be shot if he was again taken pris- oner. He was determined to resume duty as he said that plenty of time for the exchange had elapsed, and that if the rebels would not do it he would exchange himself. He demanded equipments and promised that the rebels should never have the pleasure of taking him again. He resumed his place in the ranks and he was in the actions in which his regiment was en- gaged after he was well enough to go into bat- tle. He was in the fights at Kenesaw Mountain and on Bald Hill, after which he went to the siege of Atlanta and was in the action of July 22, 1864, known as Peach Tree Creek. He was hit by a shell which killed four men before it struck him and one man afterwards. He was injured in the hips and was permanently dis- abled. He remained 14 months in the hos- pital and, during that time was never able to place his feet on the ground. April 25, 1865, he was mustered out of service and returned to the home of his parents in Waupaca county. Until ] 888, he was a resident of various places in tliat part of Wisconsin, and in that year en- gaged in hotel keeping at Plainfield. Mr. Rice is a constant sufferer from the wound in his hip and also from chronic diarrhea contracted in the army. His parents reside in Little Wolf, Waupaca county, and his father is now 79 and his mother 73 years old. He was married March 31, 1866, to Mary E. Kennedy, and their chil- dren are named Ira A. and Ruel A. Three brothers of Mr. Rice were in the army ; Martin enlisted in the 8th Wisconsin Infantry, Miner in the 42nd and Hiram in the 48th. ..-j»t^ ^^»i^i^^<5«p-> >*5<^-- OHN IHLENFELD, of Ahnapee, Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 242, was born Feb. 29, 1840, in Prussia. He came with his parents to America in 1855 and located at Mishicot, Manitowoc Co., Wis. He remained there until he entered the army and enlisted Jan. 31, 1862, at Milwaukee, in Company H, 2nd Wisconsin Cavalry. The reariment left the State March 24th under orders for St. Louis, where they were equipped. Soon after he was made Corporal and was promoted to Sergeant after a few months. He veteranized Feb. 1, 1864, at Vicksburg, and received final discharge at Au-stin, Texas, Nov. 15, 1865. His battalion was in action at Cotton Plant, Ark., Vicksburg, Helena, Memphis, (Forrest's raid) Yazoo City, Haines' Bluff, Duvall's Bluff, Sny- der's Bluff, Jackson, Oakland, Grenada, Egypt, and in countless skirmishes not named. In Egypt, 1,600 prisoners and a rebel supply train were captured. In the closing months of the service in which Mr. Ihlenfeld was engaged, they were in raiding expeditions under Grier- son and others. The 2nd Cavalry was con- stantly in the field making dashes into the rebel territory, guarding lines of communica- tion and skirmishing. The company to which Mr. Ihlenfeld belonged, acted as body guard of Col. C. C. Washburn, who went out in com- 620 SOLDIERS ALBUM OF mand of the regiment and was afterwards pro- moted to Major General and retained the com- pany as escort. While the regiment was in garrison at Helena, Mr. Ihlenfeld, in common with a majority of the regiment, was attacked with yellow jaundice. His eyes were so much affected that he was led to the hospital by his comrades. Death from the disease was com- mon, of which the men were less afraid than the inevitable " blue-mass " with which tiiey were treated. He was tohl that he would die if he took the medicine, but he resolved to take his chances under treatment, as he was assured by the physicians that it would certainly cure him and that his only chance for life lay in his obedience to their orders. He was much better soon and insisted on returning to the camp, as the ratio of the dying at the hospital was alarm- ingly great. Soon after resuming duty he was made Sergeant of the Guard at headquarters where General Washburn was sick. He was summoned to the sick bed and found the Gen- eral was ill with the same disease and wished to consult him about the remedy. He related his experience and was sent to obtain " blue- mass " for General Washburn. He met the doctor, who was very angry because he had told the name of the medicine, as the prejudice against it was so great. But General Washburn was cured by it. The regiment was at Mem- phis in 1864, when Forrest dashed through the town, raided headquarters and nearly captured Washburn himself, obtaining his uniform. Bugles sounded "to horse" and the men mounted, having time in many instances only to dress partially and chased the rebel cavalry out of the town. The uniform was recovered in the chase. (This settles the uniform story.) At Egypt, the regiment was destroying the Mobile & Ohio Central railroad when rebel de- serters came into camp and informed the cav- alry that the rebels were in force and prepared to meet them. They expected tho.t this intelli- gence would deter the Union soldiers from the encounter and when they saw preparations for the charge they prophesied certain defeat and their own recapture, but tiie action was a tri- umph to the Union arms. The Union troops reached the intrench ments of Vicksburg with their prisoners, hotly pursued to the fortifica- tions by the rebel cavalry. About Dec. 20, 1864, the command removed from Memphis to Arkansas and, while going up a high bank after crossing a creek the horse rode by Mr. Ihlenfeld stumbled and he fell under him, in- juring his right ankle and leg and practically ending his career as a soldier and partially crippling him for life. He rode three da^^s with the command in a raid, with his injured leg thrown over the back of a horse. He re- mained with the regiment nearly a year, until its discharge. He returned to Mishicot where he remained a year. He found himself unable to manage his farm and sold his property, removing to Ahnapee where he is engaged in the wholesale liquor trade and in the sale of tlour and feed. He was married in 1886 to Wilhelmina Weilep at Two Rivers. Amelia is the oldest daughter of Mrs. Ihlenfeld by a former marriage. The children of her second marriage are named Amelia, Richard, Sophia, Alma, Luna and John. OSEPH KITCHEN, of Bovina Township and a member of G. A. R. Post, J. W. Appleton, No. 116, at Black Creek, Wis., was born Nov. 5, 1829, in Cumberland- shire, England. He was bred to the vocation of a carpet weaver in his native country and on coming to America he located for a time in New York, removing thence to Pennsylvania, where he remained until he came to Wisconsin. He located on the farm on whii'h he now re- sides ni 1862. Sept. 29, 1864, he enlisted in Company G, 1st Wisconsin Heavy Artillery for the war. He enrolled at Appleton and was discharged with honor June 25, 1865, at Fort Ellsworth, Va., the war being closed. The record of artillerymen in the service is as little recognized as any other branch of the service can be from the nature of their duties. Wis- consin sent but one heav}- artillery regiment to the war, and several batteries were chiefly sta- tioned for defense in the capital city of the United States. Mr. Kitchen worked as a mason on the construction of forts and, in addition, underwent the heav^' drill and discipline inci- dent to a member of an artillerj' company. He was exposed to privations and hardships which permanently injured his health, as did the ex- cessive labor which was required. He was married Jan. 18, 1861, to Jane Park in Pennsylvania. They have five sons and a daughter, named Geo. W., Albert H., John T., PERSONAL RECORDS. 621 Arthur J., Nathaniel P. and Gertie Bell. Mary E. died at eight, and Agnes I. at 15 years of age. The parents of Mrs. Kitchen came to Wisconsin from Pennsylvania in 1855. ARTIN VAN BUREN THOMP- SON, a farmer on section 5, in the town of Maine, Outagamie coun- ty, Wis., was born April 23, 1843, in the State of New York and is the son of S. A. and Betsy Thompson . He comes of good and patriotic stock, his father having been a cap- tain in the militia of tlie Empire State, his grandfather a soldier in 1812, and his great grandfether fought in the Revolution and was wounded at Bunker Hill. The parents of Mr. Thompson came to Wisconsin when he was 11 years old and located for a short time, on a farm in Neenali. P'rom there they went to Hortonville, where the son was brought up on a farm. When he was 18 years old he deter- mined to enter the army and, October 8, 1861, he enlisted at Milwaukee in Company D, 1st Wisconsin Infantry for three years. This was the three years organization and on leaving the State, the regiment went to Louisville, Ky. During the summer of 1862, the regiment was engaged in guarding trains and communica- tions near Bowling Green, Ky., and, on one oc- casion, when Mr. Thompson was on a detail to escort a train they overhauled a stock of goods belonging to a rebel and rifled it of its contents, starting back to camp witb their knapsacks filled with calico, sheeting,silk, satin, baby shoes, teaspoons, knives and forks, tobacco, tea, coffee, etc., and feeling very rich. At Bowhng Green, the first order that greeted their ears was from the Colonel to " forwai'd the color line — stack arms — inspection of knapsacks." A telegram had preceded their arrival and in a few min- utes, they were marching up and down the streets of Bowling Green, tied together with ropes made of the dry goods, led by the regi- mental band playing the Rogue's March, the music being accompanied by the jingle made by the baby shoes, hardware and cutlery sus- pended on their backs. Tiiey passed the fol- lowing night in the guard house and thus ended their punishment for not obtaining something more appropriate to soldier's use than baby shoes. Mr. Thompson was in the actions at Perryville and at Stone River and in the latter, was disabled and was discharged there March 14, 1863, for disability. He re- turned to Hortonville and gave his attention to the restoration of his health and remained un- til February 2, 1864, when he enlisted in Com- pany G, 3rd Wisconsin Cavalry at Hortonville. Til is was the re-organized command and Mr. Thompson went with the regiment to Fort Leavenworth, from there to Fort Scott and was in the expedition against the Indians in Kansas and in the fight witii them on Walnut Creek, where his horse was killed under liim, and was in all the skirmishes and activity in which his company was engaged until he was dis- charged at Fort Leavenworth, where he was mustered out October 27, 1865. He returned to Hortonville, where he was married October 29, 1874, to' Esther, daughter of Thomas and Roxey Watson. They have five children ; Ellen, Meade, Ira, Thomas and Steven. Mr. Watson was a native of England and came to America when he was small. The ancestors of Mrs. Thompson's mother were born in Ireland but she was a native of this country. Mr. Thompson located in Maine in 1879, where he is a well-to-do and respected farmer and maintains the principles of the Re- publican party. His brother was an enlisted man in the 14th Wisconsin Infantry. *i^^''^5*f-'<^*^ OHN N. HOAGLIN, Oshkosh, Wis., and member of G. A. R. Post No. 10, was born Feb. 25, 1835, in Cohockton, Steuben Co., N. Y. He enlisted in the fall of 1861, at Oshkosh, as a private in Company F, 18th Wisconsin Infantry, for a j)eriod of three years. On the organization of his company, he was made Orderly Sergeant, and accomi)anied his regiment to St. Louis, where the command arrived on the evening of the last day of March, 1862. Affairs were culminating on tlie Ten- nessee River, and the regiment was ordered to join the force of General Prentiss at Pittsburg Landing. The position occupied by that officer was in advance of tlie Union army, and the " 1 8th" arrived at his headquarters about dark on the 5th of April. The soldiers had nearly ex- hausted the rations served to them at St. Louis 622 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF for the trip, and they went to bed without sujv per. All the day following they were in the fight without food, their fast continuing from noon of Saturday, April 5th, to the close of the day's conflict of the 6tli. The attack was wholly unexpected, and the "18th" went into action without warning, without breakfast and witliout experience. But they made a record which has been preserved on the pages of general history. Their organization was broken up and the Colonel and Major were both killed. Only 250 men were left to go into the fight of Monday ; 174 men were missing, most of them having been captured by the rebels. Mr. Hoag- lin was one of the latter number. He was taken prisoner at the muzzle of a rebel gun and, with numberless others, was sent successively to the rebel prisons at* Montgomery, Ala., Macon, Ga., and eventually to Libby prison, in the city of Richmond. With him were 23 others of his regiment, and of that number but 15 survived. When the apportionment and assignment was made of the prisoners, Mr. Hoaglin was placed in charge of about 100, whom he represented, and for whom he tran- sacted necessary business, such as drawing and distributing rations, and in other relations with the authorities, according to the system com- monly used by the rebels in managing the large numbers in their prison pens. To Mr. Hoaghn this occupation, small as.it was, was a means of disposing of a portion of his time and afforded in some degree occupation for thoughts to the exclusion of more troublesome reflec- tions. In December, after eight months of suffering which need not to be detailed, he was paroled and sent to Washington, where he was in the hospital, suffering from the effects of privation and sickness, until February, 1863, when he was honorably discharged on account of disability. In the winter of 1864 he again enlisted in the service of the United States, enrolling in the 46th Wisconsin Infantry. He was commis- sioned Second Lieutenant of Company C. The regiment was not needed for actual hostilities, as events were hastening the termination of the conflict and it was assigned to the Western Division. The surrender of Lee and Johnston had taken place before the command reached its destination, and the soldiers were engaged in guard service while affairs between the North and South were being adjusted. Tlie line of the Nashville & Decatur railroad was under the special supervision of the 46th Wisconsin until the last of September, when the command was ordered to Nashville to be mustered out. Mr. Hoaglin united with Oshkosh Post No. 10, in 1885. -^>t>-^»^.^^s OHN MCMAHON, of Omro, Wis., -mem- ber of G. A. R. Post No. 7, was born in Ireland April 13, 1879, and is the son of Edmund and Mary (McSweeney) Mc- Mahon. They came to America in 1849, and located in Water ville, Maine. He was a laborer there until his removal in 1856 to Racine, Wis. He was married .June 11, 1851, to Hannah Cunningham at Lewiston Falls, Maine. Mrs. McMahon came to America witli her cousins, James and Bridget (McGrath) Cunningham, in September, 1850. Mr. McMahon removed with his family to his present abode in 1856. The children belonging to the Itimilyare Maria, wife of Arthur Richardson of Dakota, James C, liv- ing in Minnesota, John A., a resident of Minne- sota, William H., resident of Fifield, Wis., Ed- mund Shiloh — na med after tlie battle ofShiloh, le was lx)rn on the day after liis father was as fighting on that battle field, Maggie A., wife of Ciuirles Welcher, Lenoraand George Washing- ton. Mr. McMahon enlisted at Omro Sept. 26, 1861, in Company C, 14tli Wisconsin Infantry for three years. The command was in rendez- vous at Fond du Lac and left the State March 8, 1802. He was first in battle at Pittsburg Landing (Shiloii) and was in the successive ac- tions, marches and skirmishes, sustaining a slight wound in the battle of Corinth, but was not thereby disabled from duty. • Ho was in the movement that terminated in a recall after Holly Springs and went to Vicks- burg. On the 2nd day of May, 1863, he was seriously injured and was mentioned in the dis- patches. About 12 o'clock he was wounded in his knee, hip and shoulder and lay on the bat- tle field until sundown on the 3rd, when he was placed on a hospital boat and taken to Young's Point and tlience to the Union hospital at Memphis, whence he was transferred to the Marine hospital at St. Louis and from there to Harvey hospital at Madison, where he received final discharge Dec. 17, 1864, on account of dis- ability and expiration of term of service. He returned to his fadly at Omro with the ball in PERSONAL RECORDS. 623 his shoulder which he still retains as a reminder of his obligation to the rebels. His sons repre- sent their father in phj'sical structure and have been brought up in the principles for wliich their father fouglit. Mr.McMahon is a Demo- cat, but does not believe in free trade or the surrender of the rebel Hags and expects to vote the Republican ticket, having a full under- standing of the condition of labor under tlie European system of government. He is promi- nent in his Grand Army Post and is a firm sup- porter of the principles for which he fought and suffered. Two of his children remain at home. His brother Patrick enlisted in Company G, 32nd Wisconsin Infantry and lost a leg at Ben- tonville, N. C. He belongs by lineage to tlie same i'amily as Marshal McMalion of France. His household attend the Catholic Church. Mr. McMahon belongs to the foreign element that came to this country to enjoy its privileges and sustain its prestige among the nations of the world. He was offered promotion in the army several times, but refused on the ground that he went into the ranks to fight, not to command. ICHOLAS KOLNGEN, of Dale, Wis., and formerly a soldier of the Union army in the war of the rebellion, was born in France, .Jan. 18, 1884, and came to America in 1857 with his parents, proceeding from tlie port of New York to Mil- waukee. There he was brought up and when he was 17 years old, he was made an appren- tice to learn the business of a carpenter. He resided in the vicinity of Milwaukee at Gran- ville Station, when the war commenced and, he enlisted Aug. 20, 1862, at Milwaukee for tiiree years in Company C, 2Gth Wisconsin Infantry and received honorable discharge June 13, 1865, at Washington. He fought in all the battles in which his regiment was involved until his capture by the rebels and, after his release, until the end of the conflict. The data collected by the local historian was written with a pen cari'ied by Mr. Kolngen through the en- tire period of his service and through all the vicissitudes to which he was exposed. The 26th was the 2nd German regiment of Wiscon- sin, and was recruited in two weeks. Mr. Kolngen fought in 16 battles and skirmishes, among which were Frederick.sburg, Chancel- lorsville, Gettysburg, on the Rappahannock, Chattanooga, Resaca, Dallas, Kenesaw Moun- tain and otliers. On the 1st day of July, 1863, he was in the battle of Gettysburg, was wound- ed and captared by the rebels. He was conveyed to Richmond, Va., where he was con- fined in Libby and afterwards to Belle Isle and was held a prisoner of war until Aug. 1, 1863, when he was exchanged and reached his .regi- ment the night before the battle of Chattanooga. The commaiid had been transferred to the De- partment of the West and he went into the fight mentioned on the next da}'. He was also in the battle at Lookout Mountain, his regiment having been assigned to the 3rd Brigade, 3rd Division 20th Army Corps, and he went to the sea with Sherman, fighting in all the battles of the campaign through Georgia and the Caro- linas, among which was Atlanta, where he was injured. While the command was carrying logs to build breastworks, he was detailed for the labor, overworked, became heated and was sent to the surgeon for treatment. He was in the battles of North and South Edisto, at the burning of Columbia, S. C, and at Bentonville witnessing the surrender of Johnston. He was a participant in the Grand Review at Washing- ton and discharged as stated. He returned to Granville, Wis., and was employed as a rail- road assistant until his removal to the town of Dale, March 22, 1868, and located on his larm on which he has since resided. At that time it was unimproved but is now in prosperous and profitable condition. The place has 50 acres in tillage and is supplied with good and suitable buildings. He is a Republican in political principle. Mr. K. still suffers from his wounds. During his imprisonment lie had a taste of all which those confined longer in the dens of the South endured. He was starved, unsheltered and suffering until he found a friend who as- sisted him in obtaining release or he would have passed months in confinement and, prob- ably have lest his life. He belonged to a com- mand which " knew not defeat. " The regi- ment left Milwaukee with 1,022 men, received 275 recruits and leturned with 260 men in 1865. The others were dead, sick, wounded or prisoners. His marriage to Maggie Bouch occurr- ed June 18, 1865, and they have six children : Maggie married Sebastian Kroh- 624 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF ner and resides at Bessemer, Mich., they have one child. Emma, Nicholas, Bernard, Gilford and Laura live with the parents. -^:>*S»-'^'*^^^'^iiS~"^ie^ HARLES E. SPINDLER, Manitowoc, Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 18, was born .June 25, 1841, in Germany, whence his parents removed to America in 1849, and in 1854 they settled at Manitowoc. Mr. Spindler afterwards went to Illinois and located at Champaign, where he was engaged in business when tlie struggle between the North and South arose. He en- listed at Bloomington, July 3, 1861, in Com- pany A, 1st Illinois Cavalry, for three years. The regiment was assigned to the command of Colonel Mulligan, who was sent to re-euforce Lexington, where a large amount of money had been consigned. The rebel Price attacked the place with a large force, the money being the general and specific object of the assault. The attack was nrade Sept. 12, 1861, and Lex- ington was surrendered on the 20th, Mulligan's troops having fought 52 hours without ce.s- sation. His command was made prisoners of war and the rebels captured $900,000. The prisoners were released on parole and went to St. Louis and were discharged from the United States service. When the battle began, Mr. Spindler was two miles from the city on picket. Another picket line was two miles beyond him and tlie attack on the outpost was not noticed. Mr. Spindler had one comrade, the outer picket consisting of four men. Mr. Spindler was satis- fied that trouble was near at hand and galloped to the vidette, who told him that he was only scared and that there was no danger. He gal- loped back to find that his comrade had re- treated and there was nothing for him to do, but to follow suit. His horse was loaded with forage and he was under hot fire before he reached Lexington and rode in with his gun in one hand and reins in the other. His regi- ment was just going into the town witli drawn sabres before the advancing rebels. The com- mand was stationed at the entrance near the hospital outside the works which the rebels had taken and from which they had been fir- ing. Captain Gleason of Company A, with four companies, re-took the hospital twice, but was finally obliged to retu-e behind the breast- works. A guard from each company was on watch to note the movements of tlie rebels when that of Company A called out that a horseman was coming up the hill and he was fired upon by several rifienien. While they waited for the smoke to disperse, a hail storm of shot from the hospital, ravines and trees poured in upon them. Mr. Spindler's comrade on his right was shot through the neck and one on the left through the head and another near by received a bullet in his jaw. Mr. Spindler was afterwards detailed with an officer to take charge of a mine which was to be ex- ploded in case of a charge on the works. The attacking force has been estimated at 30,000 and the garrison at 3,000. The rebels were sheltered by breastworks of bales of wet hemp and they fired into the fort with deadly effect. Tlie dead were constantly falling and the cries of the wounded were frightful. The rebels were within a few feet of the fortifications when he was directed by the lieutenant with him to look after a wounded man ; he had to pass through a narrow space between the works and the hospital, and into an exposed and open space beyond, the bullets meanwhile flying as thick as a swarm of bees. As he reached the open, a squad of Union soldiers fell back across it and half a dozen men fell al- most at his feet, while a revolver in the hands of a boy near him was shattered by a bullet and dismounted. At this instant a white flag ap- peared on the fort and the firing ceased. The flag dropped and the firing was resumed for a few minutes, when the white signal again flut- tered over the ramparts and Colonel Mulligan surrendered. The soldiers of the vidette were cut off, and one of them afterwards stole through the lines to obtiin food. After the surrender, the prisoners were marched 55 miles to Hamilton without food and most of them had had nothing to eat for four days. The last supply of water inside the works had been dr.iined, although it contained dead rats and other vermin. The first night's camp was made near a farm house and the owner gave them 20 sheep for food, but many of the sol- diers were so exhausted that they could not seek for anything to eat. Mr. Spindler was fast asleep on the ground when he was awak- ened by his comrade forcing a piece of raw mutton into his mouth, which he swallowed. Many of the men were too exhausted to pru- Qci.*7't&6- (5^. &B'ii^q.-Q,^' PERSONAL RECORDS. 62S ceed and wagons were obtained among the far- mers to take them to Hamilton. No food was there ' and telegrams were sent to Quincy, 111., whence it came in the form of green coffee, salt ham and crackers. Their guard had left them for fear of capture, liut one rebel family did everything in their power for the suffering men. They went to Quincy, where efforts^ were made to induce the Irish brigade to re-enlist, but they honored their parole and proceeded to St. Louis. The 1st Illinois cavalry had re- ceived only sabres and horse pistols and, after tlie fight commenced, picked up muskets which had been dropped Ijy the dead and wounded. The animals suffered more during the siege than tlie men. They were short of forage and water, and all of the command, including horses and baggage, were in such narrow lim- its as to greatly increase the discomfort and danger. ^Ir. Spindler wont to look after his horse after the surrender, and found him wounded in many places and suffering, but he had to leave him to the tender mercies of the rebels. Mr. Spindler returned after his discharge to Champaign and afterwards located in Chicago, where he became a member of a prominent business firm. In 1883, he ceased connection with active business and located at Manitowoc, on account of impaired health. Mr. Spindler is married, and his family in- cludes three children. •.^5w^*-;>t^^^.^*<^««5t»*^;s»^^^<5«f^<5«fw. "OHN H. FUNCK, of Appleton, Wis., was born in Germany in 1838 and was brought to America by his parents in 1848, who located at Milwaukee. The son was trained on a farm and when the war commenced determined to enlist, as he could see small opportunity to accomplish his hopes of sonae day being a citizen of a country where the rights of one man were as good as those of another. He was 24 years old when he went to Portage to enroll in the military service of his country and enlisted March 17, 1862, in Company D, 19th Wisconsin Infantry, Col. H. T. Sanders, for three years. He was discharged at Portsmouth, Va., on account of disability irom severe injury, in February, 1863. The enlistments in the 19th were com- menced as an independent organization, but before the work was accomplished un Order was issued by the War Department abolishing such formations and the volunteers, to a man, made the necessary changes in their relations to the regiment. The rendezvous was at Camp Utley, Racine, where the formation and mus- tering was completed by April oOth and they went to the State rendezvous at Madison. June 2, 1862, the commaml left tiie State. The duty of the regiment at Madison was the guard- ing of several hundred prisoners of war and when these were transferred to Camp Douglas at Chicago, the 19tli was relieved to proceed to the front. The command arrived at Alexan- dria and went from tliere to Fortress Monroe and thence to Norfolk, Ya. There the regi- ment was detailed as guard for the citizens of Norfolk and Portsmouth, the Colonel being made Provost Judge. While there, Mr. Funck received an injury from which he has never recovei'cd. He was in the upper portion of a buildii,ig in the city of Portsmouth, which was used as barracks for the soldiers. He made a misstep and fell, striking his head in a manner that fractured his skull, producing a terrible wound. The protecting bone of the skull was so injured that a portion of it was removed, leaving an opening into which the surgeon thrust his hand, touching the tissue of the brain. He was taken up for dead and placed in the hospital, where he remained seven weeks, in what was considered a hopeless con- dition. On his partial recovery he was dis- charged and sent home to Wisconsin. The report that he was a deserter soon followed him, the sheriff arrested him and, on the pre- hminary hearing, he was discharged from cus- tody, the entire expenses being paid by those who were proved to be false accusers. Since that time he has been unable to perform man- ual labor of any kind and is the recipient of a pension of $24.00 a month. Sometimes he is unable to walk across a room unassisted. The sight of the left eye is totally gone and the sense of hearing from the left ear. He cannot smell, but disagreeable odors cause nausea and vomiting. He is the .son of John Funck, who died at Strasburg, Langlade Co., Wis., aged 75 years. His children were named Catherine F., Peter, John H., Lena, Nicholas, Joseph, Chauncey and Martha. Catherine and Nicholas are de- 628 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF ceased. John H. Funck married for his first wife, Eva Barbara, daughter of Peter Antliony Weigant, of German Hneage, who died in Illi- nois, aged 75 years. Mr. Funck is a man of estimable character and esteemed bj' all by whom he is known. ■►^»i^ -J»!^^<^<^5«f-*»^«f-» I HILIP BLODGETT,of Plover, Wis.,and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 149, was born August 3, 1846, it Beloit, Rock county. Wis. His parents, E. B. and Martha (Burroughs) Blodgett, belonged to familes who c.nne to Wisconsin ni a very early period. His grand parents on his father's side removed to Beloit from Asiitabula county, Ohio, and those of his mother went from Orange county, New York, to the same place where his parents were married. His father died in 1867, aged 55 years. The mother died at Wausau, Wis., when 45 years old, leaving a family of six children of whom Mr. Blodgett of this sketch is the youngest boy. His parents went to Wau- sau when he was four years old and as soon as he was large enough he was occupied in lum- bering. In 1861 he removed with his father and two sisters to Plover and was engaged in the lumbering business until he enlisted. He was hardly IS years old when he entered the army in 1864. He had made several previous attempts to enlist but had been rejected on ac- count of his age. On the reorganization of the 5th Wisconsin Infantry with its former colonel, he enlisted August 24, 1864, in Company D. (See sketch of T. S. Allen.) He remained a short time at Madison and proceeded to Wash- ington, where the regiment was assigned to the Shenandoah Valley, and he participated in the actions against Early and afterwards joined the command of Grant in front of Petersburg. He was in the actions and operations in front of that city and fought in two actions at Hatcher's Run and at Fort Fisher, where he narrowly es- caped capture. He was in the charge on the fortifications at Petersburg in the early morn- ing of April 2nd and received a shot tiirough the thigh. By this means, a sudden change was made in his operations and he was taken from the field hospital to Lincoln hospital (ward 10) at Washington and remained there until about the middle of June, when he was trans- ferred to Harvey hospital at Madison, and was discharged the last of the same month on a sur- geon's certificate of disability. He returned to Plover and, for a year, was obliged to make use of crutches, and he has since suffered very much from tiie wound. While lying on the field, after receiving his wound, the thunder of the artil- lery entirely destroyed the hearing of his left ear. He lay immediately under the batteries three hours before he was removed and his wound was not dressed until the following day. When sufficiently recovered, he renewed his for- mer business as a lumberman and, in 1883, he engaged in farming, in which he was occupied about four years. In the fall of 1887 he relin- quished his agricultural interests and purchased a iiome in tiie village of Plover. In August, 1884, he was married to Hattie, daughter ot A. C. and Juliette (Arnold) Jenkins, in Portage county. Her parents were born in Massachu- setts and removed to Vermont after marriage, whence they came about 1854 to Portage county. Wis. Oscar, only child of Mr. and Mrs. Blod- gett, was born Jan. 19, 1886. The first wife of Mr. Blodgett, nee Ella Lawrence, died Jan. 27, 1882, in Portage county. T^^ UGH EVJ ^ |[v-x-i l^ promme iy^ farmer,. ANS, of Amherst, Wis., a linent citizen and substantial was born in the Parish of Pennell, Merionethshire, Wales, Dec. 18, 1838. His parents, John and Cath- erine (Jones) Evans, were also natives of that place. His father came to America in 1850, returned to Wales two years later and died in his native country in 1880 aged 65 years. The mother died in 1859 at the age of 41 years. The son was barely 12 years old when he accompanied his father to the United States. The family re- mained a little time in New York and New Jersey, and came thence to Clyman, Dodge Co., Wis. The son remained here when his father returned to Wales and resided with his uncle at Clyman about three years. He afterwards passed some time in other parts of Wisconsin and, about 1858, went to Stevens Point and en- gaged in lumbering. He remained there until he entered the army of the United States. He enlisted Aug. 26, 1861, in Company G, 7th PERSONAL RECORDS. 629 Wisconsin Infantry at Grand Rapids for three years. In August, 1864, he was promoted to Sergeant and receiving honorable discharge Dec. 30, 1863, to enable him to re-enlist as a veteran Jan. 1, 1864, in the same company and regiment. The roster of battles in which he was a participant includes the names of 30 of the 34 actions in which the " Iron Brigade " was engaged to which the 7tli was assigned. (See sketch of General Rufus King.) Among them are Beverly Ford, Gainesville, 2nd Bull Run and South Mountain. In that engage- ment he was wounded and is found in the list in the dispatc!;es. He received a bullet in his knee and was sent from the field hospital to Middleton, Md., and, while in the hospital there, the battle of Antietam was fought. He was next in action at Fredericksburg, Fitzhugh Crossing, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Mine Run and battles of the Wilderness where, on May 5th, 1864, Mr. Evans received an ugly wound in his mouth. The ball passed in at one side and out opposite and the severity of the injury sent him to the hospital at Wash- ington, (Lincoln) where he remained from the date of his wound to Aug. 16th of the same year. He rejoined his regiment in front of Petersburg and was first in action afterwards on the Weldon railroad. He was in the en- gagements at Hatcher's Run, Gravell}^ Run, Five Forks and Appomattox Court House. Feb. 1st, 1863, he was detailed to operate with Battery B, 4th U. S. Artillery, and served with that command until December of the same year. The battery accompanied his regiment, and his service was virtually the same as in his original command to which he returned on veteranizing. He received honorable discharge .July 13, 1865, at Jeffersonville, Ind., and mus- tered out at Madison two days later. He returned to Stevens Point and, Sept. 10, 1865, he was married to Mrs. Sarah E. Jones, daughter of Robert and Sophia (Evans) Jones. She was born in Trenton, Oneida Co., New York. Her grandparents on her maternal side emigrated to this country from Wales in 1796. Her father died when she was six months old and lier mother's death occurred about 1878 at Amherst. Mr. and Mrs. Evans have had four children. The first-born died in infancy. The survivors are Robert M., born May 4, 1868; Catherine Sophia, was born Nov. 6, 1870 ; Wal- ter De Castro was born Oct. 18, 1876. Mr. Evans is a Charter Member of Post No. 16 at laud, .Ian. Amherst and is prominent in all matters per- taining to the well being of the old soldiers. His wife is noted for her generous character and hospitality on all occasions. In his char- acter as a man and citizen, Mr. Evans sustains that he made as a soldier and defender of the flag of his adopted country. ARTIN G. ELLISON, hardware l^3i&J^ merchant at Montello, Wis., and ^^i-^ a member of G. A. R. Post No. 64, was born in Manchester, Eng- 1841. His father, of whom he is the namesake, was the son of James and Ann Ellison, and the grandfather died at Accrinton, England, at 65 ; the grandmother died at the same place when 87 years old. (The family from which James Ellison was descended was known as the "Oakenshaw" Ellisons.) Martin G. Ellison, Sr., was boi-u March 8, 1808, in East Lancashire, England, and was an engraver by profession ; in the summer of 1849, he came to the United States, landing at New York, and proceeded directly from his port of landing to Moundville, Marquette county, Wis. He pre- empted land on which he resided tiiree years, after which he went to Dover, New Hampshire, where he worked at his trade 22 years ; he re- turned to Marc^uette county where he was the owner of a tract of land including nearly one section of a township, and was there resident until his death, Jan. 5, 1878. The motlier of Mr. Ellison of this sketch was Alice, daughter of Christopher and Elizabeth (Grimshaw; Houl- ker ; she was born in Accrinton, Lancaster- 1S06. The family, including three two daughters, came together to James Lllison was born Dec. 31, is a farmer in Bremer county, Iowa ; Christopher, born June 21, 1829, is a farmef at Moundville, Marquette county ; Elizabeth, born Sept. 9, 1835, died at Moundville, April 15, 1857 ; Mary, horn June 13, 1845, married Isaac Smith at Moundville. The mother died at Mound- ville in May, 1882, aged 76 years; Mr. Ellison of this sketch accompanied his parents in their several removals, and he attended school at Dover, N. H., until he was 18 years old, and, in 1858 he returned to Wisconsin. He was a farmer until he entered the army and enlisted shire, in sons and America. 1827, and 630 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF Jan. 4, 1862, at Moundville, in Company E, 2nd Wisconsin Cavalry, and joined the command at Milwaukee; in March, 1862, he started for St. Louis, and went thence to Springfield, Mo., where he joined the forces of General Curtis and remained with his command in the marches through Missouri and Arkansas, where the battalion was stationed until February, 1863, when he went to Memphis and performed duty until the siege of Vicksburg, and in June made connection with the forces of Grant, and scouted on the Yazoo River until the surrender of Vicksburg. In October, 1863, Mr. Ellison was made Corporal of Company E. He went with the troops of Sherman to Jackson, and was in a sharp skirmish with the rebels near Clinton, and took possession of the city of Jackson. He was in the skirmishes near Canton, and went thence to Red bone Church, and about the 1st of September went to a position nearer Vicksburg. Mr. Ellison reinlisted during the winter in the same com})any and regiment, and was promoted to Sergeant, and came to Wisconsin on a 30-day veteran's furlough. When his leave of absence expired, he rejoined his regiment at Vicksburg and remained there until October, 1864, and in that month was detailed to scout in the vicinity of Yazoo City, and was one of 27 who were cap- tured December 1st, 1864. He was removed to Cahawba, Ala., where he was held a prisoner until March 16, 1865; on that day he was paroled, and was soon after exchanged. He spent a furlough of 30 days in Wisconsin, re- joined his regiment at Memphis, and in June, after doing duty as guard, went with the com- mand to Alexandria, and in August commenced a tedious and distressing march of more than 300 miles to Texas, suffering nearly as much on the route from want and privation as he had formerly done in a rebel prison. In October, he commenced another march to Austin, pre- liminary to "muster out" November 15th, when he again started on a march of 100 miles, and afterwards was furnished transportation to Madison, where his connection with military service was severed, December 16, 1865, and he returned to Wisconsin. He resumed his opera- tions as a farmer, and was engaged in that busi- ness until Jan. 14, 1877, when he removed to Montello. At the county election of 1876 he was elected Clerk of Marquette county, and was re-elected three successive terms, filling the position eight consecutive years. In 1885 he engaged in his present business at Montello, which he has since prosecuted with success. He was married Sept. 18, 1867, at Moundville, to Jane B., daughter of Thomas and Ann (Bower) Mills. She was born Dec. 13, 1839, in London, England, and came with her parents when nine years old to Marquette county, Wis- consin. Her father and mother died at Mound- ville, aged respectively 76 years and 86 years. The tbrmer was born March 27, 1798, and died April 7, 1876; the latter was born May 19, 1796. Mr. Ellison is a charter member of the Grand Army Post at Montello, and is a prominent member of the Masonic and Odd Fellows Orders. He is a member of Montello Lodge, F. & A. M., No. 141, of Fort Winnebago Chap- ter, No. 14, at Portage, and of Fort Winnebago Commandery, No. 4, at the same place. He belongs to Lodge No. 232, I. 0. 0. F., at Mon- tello, and Enterprise Encampment, No. 63, at the same place. Mr. Ellison represents the best order of citizenship in this country ; he was born under the British flag, and reared under the influences of a Republican government ; in every relation which he has sustained to the land of his adoption he has proved the quality of his manhood, and his sense of obligation to the country in which his rights and privileges are second to none of whatever place or posi- tion. He has always been a Democrat of the Jacksonian stripe, his first vote for President being for Geo. B. McClellan, and he is a candi- date for County Treasurer on the Democratic ticket. C-t;;;^ IMON B. NELSON, of Oshkosh, Wis., ^S^ik and a member of Phil. Sheridan Post No. 10, was born March 7, 1828, in Roxbury, Cheshire Co., New Hamp- shire. His father, William Nelson, was born in England and came to America in youth ; he married Lucy Batchelder who was born in Massachusetts of parents descended from Scotcli ancestry. Mr. Nelson was educated primarily in the district school and studied two terms subse- quently at an academy. When he was 18 years old, he commenced learning the manu- facture of woodenware at Westport in his na- tive State, which he pursued some years at that place and afterwards operated as a manufac- PERSONAL RECORDS. 631 turer of sash, doors and blinds, in which lie engaged in 1853 with two partners, himself acting in the capacity as general manager of the business. In 1857 ho came to Wisconsin and located at Menasha, Sept. ■28th, and en- gaged as foreman of the Menaslia Woodenware Co., and remained in that employ until he en- tered the army. In the second year of the war he received a commission as a recruiting officer and opened his office at Menasha and recruited for Company I, 21st Wisconsin Infantry, enrol- ling August 28, 1862. On the formation of the company, September 5th, he was made Captain of Company I, and left the State with the regi- ment in September, going to the defense of Cincinnati, thence to Louisville and to Ken- tucky and led his men on the field of Perry- ville. He was with his command in the sub- sequent marches and performed guard duty and other miliary service until December 30th. The brigade train was moving on .Jeffer- son Pike and Captain Nelson was on duty in command of the escoi't when Wlieeler's cavalry attacked the train, which consisted of about 28 wagons and Captain Nelson was taken prisoner and held in custody 36 hours, when he was paroled. He had been meanwhile without food and was almost helpless and was assisted by an Indiana soldier. He went to Nashville and thence to Camp Chase b)' order of General Mitchel. Four months later he went to Benton Barracks, St. Louis, to await exchange and for several months was ill from the exposure and hardships to which he liad been subjected. He resigned April 25, 1863, at St. Louis on account of disability caused by disease contracted in the service. He returned to Menasha, where he gave his attention to recovery of his health, when he resumed his former position as fore- man of the Menasha woodenware factory. He soon discovered tliat his health was too much broken to admit of the active work of the shop and he bought a farm, on which he operated two years and was materially benefitted by the change. In 1869 he was called upon to go to Peshtigo to take charge of a woodenware man- ufacturing business. He went there, managed the adjustment of the machinery and operated the establishment until the autumn of 1871, when his business was closed by the Peshtigo fire. Nine years before to a day (Oct. 8, 1862 — Oct. 8, 1871), Captain Nelson encountered the disaster on the field of Perryville and he states that there was scarce! v a choice between the perils of either place. A short time after the destruction of Pesiitigo he returned to Menasha and again assumed charge of the establishment in which he had formerly oper- ated. Nov. 3, 1877, lie resigned his jwsitioii there and, in April 1878, removed to (Jshkosii, where he formed a business relation with George Kennan, a comrade in the 21st Wisconsin and L. E. Nelson, as the Wisconsin Manufacturing Co. The relations of the concern continued two years, when the Messrs. Nelson purchased the interest of Mr. Kennan and they afterwards admitted H. B. Eldridge to a partnership and their relation with that gentleman continued one year. They bought his interest and con- ducted their affairs jointly until 1883, when the)' purchased a half interest in the Tustin Mill property with S. R. and C. R. Clark and their business relations have since been con- ducted in the same connection. Captain Nelson was married Ma}' 4, 1852, to Louisa M. Bailey of Swanzey, New Hampshire, and they had three children. Eugene F. is deceased; Emma S. and Lulie L. are living. The mother died Feb. 10, 1863. Captain Nelson was married again May 4, 1804, to Lestine E. Holt and their three chil- dren are named Elwin F., Flora May and Roy B. The Captain is a Republican of radical stripe and proud of the record of his party. EORGE FALCK, a prominent citizen ^ of Seymour, Outagamie Co., Wis., was born Nov. 28, 1854, in " Town 9," Washington Co., Wis. He was a pupil in the common schools and obtained a fair education. Afterwards he passed a year in fitting for a business career, at the Spencerian Business College at Milwaukee. His first ven- ture in commercial life was in the sale of agri- cultural implements at Morrison, Wis. He managed his affairs in tiiat avenue for one year alone. He continued two years longer in the prosecution of the same interests there, associ- ated with his cousin, Marx Snyder. He then removed to De Pere, and built a warehouse, while still managing branch establishments at Morrison and Green Baj'. While there he was married, Sept. 27, 1880, to Maiy Hoenish. In October he disposed of his bu.siness to his part- ner, and February, 1881, he transferred his in- 632 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF terests to Seymour, where he has since con- ducted the management of a hotel and saloon. He has been promnient in the local affairs of the place, having been connected with the fire department, and is at present, (1S87) Alderman of the First Ward. The father of Mr. Falck, when he came to America, was 19 years old, and he engaged in peddling, prosecuting his business in New York, Pennsylvania and Ohio. When he was about 26 years of age he settled in Wisconsin, and bought a farm there. In 1«55, he removed to Morrison, where he still lives. He is operating as a merchant and his establishment includes a hotel, located half way between Green Bay and Manitowoc. A few years after the father of Mr. Falck came to America his parents came and settled in Albany, New York. The grand- sire was a soldier with Napoleon a long time and fought at the siege of Moscow, in Russia, wliere he endured the hardships of the winter, tlie snow of which is on record as the most ter- rible in history, and the sufferings ofthe soldiers as unsurpassed. Tlie mother of Mr. Falck, Katherine Hanger before marriage, is still liv- ing. She was born in Germany, in the Rhine Pfaltz in 1828, A. D. The father of Mrs. Falck was a native of Sax- ony, Germany. He came to America when a boy of about a dozen years of age. In the course of the war of the rebellion he was drafted but was rejected from the same cause which had prevented his entering miltary life — a crippled arm. Her mother was born in Germany and was nine years old when she came to America. Her grandfather on the side of her mother died in Chicago, in 1877. When he removed to this country they located in Manitowoc Co., Wis., on a farm. The grandfather died in 1861, and the grandmother lived with Mrs. Falck for 17 years. She died at Seymour, in February, 1885. Mrs. Falck was born in Kellnersville, Manito- woc Co., Wis. She is the mother of two chil- dren — Edwin Jacob, born Sept. 13, 1881, and Grover Ernest, barn Nov. 22, 1884. ARREN SHINGLER of Waupaca, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 21, was born December 24, 1840, in Gaines, Orleans Co., His father, Henry Shingler, was New York. born in Canada in 1817, and went to the State of New York when 16 years old. He was mar- ried in Onondaga county to Mary Kesler and went to Orleans county in 1839. They had eight children, of whom William, .John and Catherine died in early life. Three were sol- diers in the rebellion. Benjamin was a soldier in the 5th Michigan Batter)', Sanmel enlisted in the 12th New York Battery and both these served through the war. Mr. Shingler is of mixed Scotch and German descent. He was reared to manhood in his native State and was a few months past his majority when he entered the army. He en- listed August 4, 1862, in the 129th New York Infantry at Albion in his native county. The regiment was in rendezvous at Lockport, New York, for a short time. The proximity of that place to the Canadian shore made it prominent as a point for deserters to avail themselves of the protection of the English authorities and during the draft, many deserters made their way thence to the Dominion of Canada. Colo- nel Fish of Buffalo, with a detail of 20 men in- cluding Mr. Shingler, was stationed at Suspen- sion Bridge to arrest such as endeavored to shirk their duty* to their country. On one occasion, when Mr. Shingler was on guard, a deserter attempted to pass him and he gave him a close acquaintance with his bayonet, which elicited a threat to shoot and an order to the crowd to get out of the wa}' that no other might be injured, but the would-be shooter "got out of the way" before the crowd did. The regiment went to Baltimore and was con- verted into the 8th N. Y. Heavy Artillery, where the command was detained by General Wool, who was a relative of the colonel in com- mand. The battery staid at Baltimore 22 months, being employed in guarding prisoners, whose physical condition made their duty more dangerous than service on the field, as they were afflicted with contagious diseases of most repulsive type. The battery was assigned to the Army of the Potomac in May, 1864, and joined the command in time to participate in the battle of Spottsylvania. In this battle Mr. Shingler was in his first service and for the first time heard the boom of a passing shell. He was in all the actions of the Wilderness, went with the command to the North Anna River and fought and skirmished all the way to Petersburg. In the battle of Cold Harbor, June 2nd, his colonel was killed and he was PERSONAL RECORDS. 633 severely wounded in the shoulder blade. (His brother and brother-in-law were in the same action.) He was sent to the iiospital at Har- rison's Landing and, three days after, was sent by boat to Harwood hospital at Washington and, soon after, was transferred to the McOlel- lan hospital, where he remained three months. There were so many wounded men that they could not be properly cared for, and Mr. Shingler suffered from gangrene. As soon as he was able, he performed guard duty at the hospital, of which he became tired, and he told his commanding officer that if he was able to do that duty he was able to join his regiment, which he did on the Weldon railroad. He was first in action at Hatcher's Run, and he was in all the actions after that until the surrender of Lee. He was a participant in the Review at Washington and received honorable discharge June 5, 1865, at Bailey's Cross Roads. During his service he went home on a furlough and was married to Jane E. Moore. April 9, 1865, on the day of Lee's surrender, his son, William H., was born. Stephen Lester was born in January, 1867 ; Mary A. was born May 22, 1869; Ambrose E. was born March 29, 1881. In 1868 Mr. Shingler came to Waupaca. He remained three years, going to Michigan in 1871, and located permanently at Waupaca in 1882. Mrs. Shingler is one ot the heirs of the Trinity Church estates in New York City. The grandfather of Mr. Shingler was in the navy during the Revolution and served as powder boy when 13 years of age. *^^''*5,^-"«5*f- " OSEPH HENRIGILLIS, of Depere, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 91, was born Feb. 9, 1840, in Belgium. He is the son of Hubert and Mary C. (Le Gros) Henrigillis and they were natives of Belgium. His paternal grandfather was a native of that country and died in 1852, aged 90 years. The mother died in 1846. The father is still living and is well and strong. Mr. Henrigillis came to America when 18 years of age and was em- ployed on a farm until he entered the army of his adopted country. The father joined the or- ganization know as Home Guards in Missouri and which performed considerable heavy ser- vice. The son was also in the Home Guard and then enlisted Aug. 15, 1861, in Company B, 1st Missouri Cavalry, Hubbard's Battalion, at Jef- ferson Barracks, St. Louis, for three years or during the war. He received promotion as Corporal in 1863, and received honorable dis- charge Dec. 31, 1863, at Little Rock, Ark. He re-enlisted as a veteran Jan. 1, 1864, in the same company and regiment and received final dis- charge Sept. 1, 1865. He was taken sick at St. Louis soon after enrollment and went to the hospital, where he suffered for want of proper food, it being a Catholic convent, and he left it and joined his regiment at Tipton, Mo., and went to Springfield in the command of General Fremont, returning to the same place. He was again ill with fever and was near death. When he was well enough, he rejoined the regiment at Springfield and was in the work of driving the rebels from the State. This was Price's command and was very strong. The rebels re- turned and the battle of Pea Ridge wa.s fought. At Sugar Creek, a friend of Mr. Heni'igillis was injured and he was sent to the hospital with him. The establishment was moved three miles from its first location and the rebels attacked it the 7th of March, 1862, and the building was between the fires of both armies. Two nurses ran away from fright and were captured. From there he went to Cassville, Mo., where he wished to return to his company but was not allowed. He was appointed hospital steward, and went next to Springfield, Mo., and joined his com- pany. He was occujiied in the duty of a scout and was in a detail to chase Colonel Coffee with about 1,300 men. The rebels were driven from the State and the pursuing party returned to Mount Vernon, and went thence with a detail of about a hundred men to gua^d a mill at Newtonia, Mo. They were 33 miles from the Union camp and five miles from the rebel camp, guarding a flourmill. The horse of Mr. Henri- gillis gave out on the second day and the rebels made their appearance about 1,600 strong, form- ing into line of battle ; Captain Adams in com- mand, told them to take care of themselves and Mr. H. jumped into a light wagon and, after running three miles, was captured. He was taken to the rebel camp and put in a pen with about a score of men and was sent thence to Sugar Creek where the prisoners were kept on the bare ground. Their valuables, including clothing, were taken from them and they were afterwards sent to Elm Springs, Ark., under guard and thence to Fayetteville, tlience across 634 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF the Ozark Mountains to Van Buren, Ark., and from there to Fort Stnitli and held there three months, with scarcely any clothing, with bricks for beds and on starvation rations. I'hey went next to Little Rock, Ark., where they were pa- roled and went to Helena, Ark., and remained several weeks. The next movement of Mr. H. was to Rolla where he joined liis battalion. They scouted there awhile and went to Pilot Knob, where they were not delayed, but pro- ceeded to Jackson and encountered Marma- duke, drove him from the State and went suc- cessively to Cape Girardeau and Pilot Knob and soon afterwards took possession of Little Rock. The battalion went next to Benton, Ark., spent the winter in scouting and in the spring started on the Camden expedition. The com- mand of General Steele to which they were as- signed was out 42 days and 15 days without draw- ing rations and were without food four days. Returning to Little Rock, Mr. li. received his veteran's furlough and rejoined his regiment at Little Rock and engaged some months in scout- ing. He was detailed to carry the mail from Camden, Mo., to Washington, Ark., and per- formed the duty while very ill but was afraid to go to the hospital. He returned to Little Rock, where he was disciiarged and was sick several months after returning home. He came, after the war, to Wisconsin and located at De- pere, where he worked two years in a sawmill and bought the farm he now owns, a mile and a half from East Depere, where he has since operated as a farmer and stockman. He was married December 1, 1866, to Mary B. Bormans at Depere. Their children are named Mary T , Mary E., Mary L., Joseph H., Josephine, Henry, Laura, Clara. and Ida. Lucy, Ortaine and Theresa are dead. Mr. H. has served his town as Assessor, Supervisor, Justice of the Peace and District and Town Clerk. *~S>*^-~^*^$^^>^it^-f<^»^-» UGUSTUS PALMER, a farmer on sections 6 and 7 in the township of Brooklyn, Green Lake county. Wis., and formerly a soldier in the civil war, was born July 10, 1835, in Hastings, Otsego Co., New York, and is the son of Elias and Harriet (Rogers) Palmer. His parents re- moved in 1836, to Milwaukee, Wis., and two years later to Hartland, Waukesha county. In 1846, Mr. Palmer became a resident of Green Lake county where he has spent the re- maining years of his life with tlie exception of his army service. He enlisted February 16, 1864, in Company I, 31st Wisconsin Infantry at Dartford for three years, and received hon- orable discharge July 8, 1865, at Louisville, Ky., after the war was over. Mr. Palmer en- listed as a recruit and joined the command in Murfreesboro, Tenn., wiiere he was engaged in provost duty until the regiment went to Nash- ville in June. In Jul}' he went to Duck River Bridge in Tennessee and thence to the siege of Atlanta. After the city was taken, Mr. Palmer was .seized with illness and was sent back to Soldier's Home at Chattanooga, and two days later to the general hospital at Nashville. A month later he went to the general hospital at Louisville, Ky., whence he proceeded a month later, to Jefferson Barracks, Mo., remaining about two weeks. He came thence to Prairie du Chien, where he remained in hospital about six weeks, going thence to New York City and from there by boat to Hilton Head, S. C. His next move was up the Pocotaligo River, and, aftei staying in the swamp four weeks, went to Wilmington and thence to (ioldsboro and Raleigh and joined Sherman just before the command started for Washington, where Mr. Palmer was a participant in the Grand Review. His illness was at first measles and he was afterwards sick with varioloid and chronic diai-rhcea. After the war, he returned to his farm in Brooklyn. He was married Nov. 20, 1855, to Janette Laurie and they have had three children. Marion E. married Fred Thrall. Charles A. is the only son. Agnes H. is deceased. Mr. Palmer has been promin- ent in local office and officiated two years as Postmaster at Bluffton. He has also held vari- ous school offices. John Laurie, brother of Mrs. Palmer, was a soldier in the civil war. . AMES WEBLEY, of Appleton, Wis., is a pioneer of the part of the State of which lie is an honored citizen. He was born Sept. 22, 1822, in Mendon, Monroe Co., New York, and is of English extraction in the paternal line, his father having come to America when 19 years old as a British soldier PERSONAL RECORDS. 635 in the second war with Great Britain. In the course of the couHict lie was taken prisoner and elected to remain in the country of his captors. He married i^lma Roberts, the daughter of a house which dated from tlie earliest history of the colonies. One of her an- cestors, Joseph Roberts, came to Green Bay in 1812 to aid in the control of the Indians. Mr. Webley lived in the place of his birth until he was 14 years old. In 1836 he went to Jackson Co., Mich., the family locating on a farm in Napoleon, 12 miles from the city of Jackson. The father bought a tract of land in a wild state and the son .spent the next seven years in the work of reclaiming the })lace. The father died in 1841 and, two years later, the son set out to carve out his fortunes in the West. He arrived in the north part of Racine county in Wisconsin, Oct. 9, 1842, and obtained employ on a farm. In December, his mother, with the eight younger cliildren joined him and the next spring he bought a quantity of Govern- ment land in Dodge county on which be worked three years. In 1846 he purchased a homestead in Greenville, seven miles west of Appleton, which was his home for 26 years. In 1872 he removed to Appleton and he has been a resident of the State 44 years. (1887.) When Mr. Webley made acquaintance with Greenville, the location was in a perfectly wild ccnditiou. Wild animals of all kinds V)elong- ing by nature to the country were abundant, and his encounters with bears, wolves, deers and wildcats were frequent. The tushes of a bear he killed in 1855 measuring the length of a man's finger, are still in his possession. The pelt was seven feet long and the animal weighed over 300 pounds and was divided among tlie neighbors for food. The claws were three-quarters of an inch wide and two and a half inches long. He received $10 bounty for killing and sold the skin for $7. There was little suggestion of what Appleton now is when he first saw it and when he had his first glimpse at Chicago he would not have accepted a quarter-section for a gift. When the war had been in progress some time and the call for troops to release veterans for active operations was made, he enlisted in Company A, 50th Wisconsin Infantry. He enrolled Feb. 27, 1865, at Appleton for one year, and received honorable discharge June 12, 1866, at Madison. The company to which Mr. Webley belonged was the first to recruit and leave the State on special service for which the command was designed. He went to St. Louis and was quartered at Benton Barracks and went thence to Leavenworth, Kansas, and still later, to Fort Rice in Dakota, where he arrived Oct. 10th and remained in the garrison until mustered out in April, a year after leaving Wisconsin. The duties performed were those incident to the locality, guarding from Indian assaults, protecting property and guard and garrison duty. The Captain of the company was John C. Spooner. Mr. Webley was married to Sarah M. Wood in 1845 and they had two children. James Clark, the eldest, was drowned when a lad of five years. William Casper is a resident of Antigo, Wis.; he married Sarah Leicester and their children are named Everard, Alice May and Eliza. May 7, 1854, Mr. Webley was married to Mrs. Eliza (Casey) Walker, whose first husband died in 1854 and by whom she had five children. The eldest died in infancy ; Sarah Ann died when four years old ; Annie died at 24, leaving a daughter named Ella May ; she was the wife of Thomas Webley ; Margaret married Geo. Leiby and her childreii are named Hattie, Clarence and Alza. Samuel married Rose Stevens and their children are named Bertie, Ora, Frank and Genevieve. Mrs. Webley is the daughter ot Philip and Elizabeth (Cotner) Casey. She was born iia Pennsyvania an^-j»t>^^« -LIVER P. HARWOOD, of Plainfield, ^"^i Wis.,amemberofG.A.R.PostNo.l35, at Wautoma, was born February 6, 1826, in Bangor, Franklin Co., New York, where he resided with his parents until he reached manhood, and was married Septem- ber 24, 1850, to Elizabeth Stienbarger. From 636 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OP this marriage there were four sons, who are married and live in Iowa and Minnesota. In 1851, he came with his family to Wisconsin, locating in Waushara county, where he was a farmer until the war, and he enlisted Fehruary 10, 1862, in Oompany 1, 5th Wisconsin Infantry, at Berlin, for three years. He joined his com- mand while it was a member of King's brig- ade and was soon after transferred to that of General Hancock, and in March started for Manassas, but the action there being at an end, returned to Alexandria, and made connection with the forces of McClellan for the Peninsular campaign. He was in the attack at Lee's Mills on the Warwick River, and went to the battle of Williamsburg, fought in the succeeding ac- tions in which his regiment was involved at Fredericksburg, Yorktown, Rappahannock Sta- tion, Mine Run, Antietam and Gettysburg, and on the first day's fight in the battle of the Wil- derness, he was taken prisoner. He had pre- viously veteranized and taken his furlough and on the day mentioned was one of a detail to guard a train. He was stationed on the extreme left of the skirmish line, when they were at- tacked by a brigade of rebels. He was several rods from his comrades, and when he was cap- tured he informed the rebels that a strong force of troops were lying a little back from the stream ; they believed him and did not advance and by this ruse he saved the wagon train which they would have otherwise captured. He was taken to Orange C. H., where the bulk of his personal possessions were taken from him, and he was removed successively to Gordons- ville, Lynchville and Danville to Andersonville. He was captured May 5th, and reached Ander- sonville May 23d, where he remained until Sep- tember 12th, when he was sent to Florence. Late in the month of February, with a number of other prisoners he was paroled and sent to Wilmington, and for an account of the march of that forlorn troop, see sketch of J. H. Jen- kins on another page. The sufferings of Mr. Harwood were the same as those recounted in numberless other cases on these pages, and his health was shattered in a terrible manner. He had the scurvy so badly that all his teeth fell out and he has never since seen a well day. Tiie hardships to which he was exposed at Flor- ence were much less than those at Anderson- ville, but he suffered greatly from cold as he was at Florence during the winter season. Mr. Harwood states that many men died from lack of ambition and energy sufficient to move about and take care of themselves. He was the first man who did shoemaking at Ander- sonville. For a hammer he had an iron nut or burr, which he stole from a railroad car and on which he put a stick for a handle, and he made lasts of pieces of board. He had previously done some cobbling, but had not learned the trade. He picked up olendent regiment of Colonel San- ders. Among the battles in which lie was a parti- cipant were the slight affair at Dorn's Blutf, Chapin's Farm, the severe fight at Fair Oaks, PERSONAL RECORDS. 639 and in front of Petersburg, and also at the siege of Richmond and of Yorktown. He was also in the conflict with rebel forces at City Point, which was taken by the Union troops and at Deep Bottom. During the time he was in the Chesapeake general hospital three months and was once wounded. He received a flesh wound in the arm at Petersburg. The 19th Wisconsin performed its flrst ser- vice as guard for rebel prisoners at Madison, from which it was relieved in June, and was assigned to the Army of the Potomac. It was stationed at Norfolk, Va., where it re- mained doing provost duty until April, 1863. During this time the soldiers were actively en- gaged in scouting, and on one occasion Com- pany F took a bridge at an exposed point which they held for two months, when the rebels drove them away and destroyed the bridge. At another time the command was separated and the company of Mr. Schmidt was mistaken for rebels by their own soldiers and fired on. It was just at daybreak and the as- saulted party tried every expedient in their power to make their assailants understand that they were Union troops, but for some time without success. The service for which Com- pany F was at once detailed was especially heavy, and it was constantly on duty building fortifications and rifle pits until ordered to Suffolk. The detail was far in advance of the Union lines for some time, engaged in severe and arduous duty, working days in the rain and mud and, having for a part of the time no communication with headquarters, they were without supplies. Once they were out seven days, and four days were without regular rations, obtaining food as they could. They chanced to come across an old mill which they started and ground corn for which they had foraged. Finally they started to advance, and the rebels between them and the river, being in doubt as to their strength, ceased to obstruct their return to the command. In June, 1864, the regiment was transferred to the 2nd Brigade of the 2nd Division and went with General Grant to the siege of Peters- burg, in which they acted as support in the celebrated attack on that city. The slaugliter in the 19th was terrific, but the regiment stood to its guns until driven back. Charge after charge was made and, when, at last, the front line of attack was broken and the falling back commenced, the ground was carpeted with the fallen soldiers of the 19th. At Fair Oaks, the regiment suffered a decimation almost without parallel, going into the action with 180 men and nine officers and coming out with a loss of 136 men and eight officers. Mr. Schmidt's period of enlistment had ex- pired when the order came for the final attack on Richmond. Tiiere was every prospect of a sharp conflict, but the company of which he was a member went into the action, and the regiment was the third in the line of the ad- vance. A few minutes past eight o'clock. Com- pany F was in the heart of the rebel Capital and at the city hall, where its members sup- ported the planting of the regimental colors on the heights of the building. They were the first that floated over the conquered Confeder- acy. A few days later the soldiers whose time was out were sent to Washington where Mr. Schmidt saw Abraham Lincoln, the date being about three days before he was shot in Ford's theatre. He was in Richmond when General Lee entered the city after his surrender at Ap- pomattox. Mr. Schmidt has served successively as Junior Commander, Commander and Vice- Commander of Oshkosh Post No. 10. »-J»t>'^>S>iJ^^>s 7M^ ENRY C. >l .. ., 1 ^ a merab JP^ was bor BUHSE, Manitowoc, Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 18, )rn July 23, 1844, in Ger- many. He was four years old when he accompanied his parents and the family to America. fhey located at Menomonee, Waukesha Co., Wis., where his father conducted his business as a merchant eight years. In 1856 he removed his family and interests to Two Rivers, Wis., where the son was reared. He Was there a resident until he enlisted in the service of his country. He enrolled Oct. 29, 1861, at Milwaukee in Company B, 9th Wiscon- sin Infantry for three years. A few months after the organization of his company he was made Orderly Sergeant and received honorable discharge in December, 1864, at Milwaukee oii account of the expiration of his period of ser- vice. He had been commissioned as 1st Lieuten- 640 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF ant of Comptiny A, 45tli Wisconsin Lifantry in September, 1864, but remained with his companj^ until it was mustered out and did not muster under the commission afterward, as had been his intention when it was received. Following is the roster of his battles: — Indian expedition, Sarcoxie, Newtonia, Cane Hill, Prairie Grove, Camden, Saline Bottom or Jenkins Ferr3^ In a sku'mish at Spoonsville, he received a sliglit wound, too small to compel his going to the hospital which he avoided as a place to be dreaded. At Jenkins Ferry, Company B lost seven killed and 14 wounded out of the 45 with which it went into battle. The rebels were 20,- 000 strong and the Union troops included 5,000 men. In the retreat, charge after charge was made and in one instance a Texas regiment was repulsed with a loss of its colors, which were taken by members of Company B. At Prairie Grove, the company lay where its members could witness a struggle for a battery which was taken three times by the rebels and retaken by the Union soldiers in such quick succession as to preclude the spiking of the guns in toto and when they took it the last time, one of the eight guns remained intact. At Newtonia, the 9th suffered severely. The Lieutenant Colonel, Jacobi, with a force of infantry, a battery and two companies of cavalry, was sent to a point 14 miles from the main army to reconnoiter and found himself in the skirmish line of the rebels, which he pursued until his command encountered a rattle of bullets from behind a stone wall in the vicinity of Newtonia and ad- vanced to meet a charge from behind the wall from a solid line of rebels. The dead and wounded fell in scores and the little troop was utterly routed. The main line came up, turned the tables and drove the rebels to evacuate the town. From 300 of the 9th Wisconsin, only 37 were uninjured or prisoners. Of the killed and wounded, 89 were forever silent at roll call and bivouac. The artillery and cavalry were not involved, and the affair was a clear case of war- fare that was a fair sample of Indian methods of conflict. Mr. Buhse returned after the war to Two Rivers and in 1880 was elected Clerk of Mani- towoc county and removed to Manitowoc to facilitate his discharge of the duties of the po- sition, where he has since been a resident. He was married Oct. 29, 1868, to Matilda Karnopsky, and they have five children — four sons and a daughter. Mr. Buhse has continued to serve as Clerk of Manitowoc county, having been successively re- elected every two years since 1880. OCKRELL SCOTT, Plover, Wis., mem- ber of G. A. R. Post No. 149, was born Sept. 28, 1818. He is the son of Samuel and Frances (Davis) Scott who were born in West Virginia and removed to Illinois when the Sucker State was a terri- tory and sparsely populated. The father died in 1821 in advanced age, when his son was three years old. The mother died in August, 1836, in Illinois. In that year the son came to Dodgeville, Iowa Co., Wis., where he remained about 14 years and located in Northern Wis- consin about 1840. During the first months of the war he enlisted at Grand Rapids, Wis., and was mustered into the service August 29, 1861, a member of Company G, 7th VVisconsin In- fantry, wiiich organized at Madison and pro- ceeded to Washington joining King's Brigade. October 5tli they crossed into V^irginia and passed the winter on Arlington Heights. In the spring of 1862 they went to Manas.sas Junc- tion and returned to Fredericksburg via Cul- pepper and VVarrenton Junction. Mr. Scott was in all the battles and skirmishes under General Gibbon and was in the figlit at Beverly Ford, Suli)hur Springs and Gainesville. He was in the action at the second battle at Bull Run, at South Mountain and Antietam and in December was in the battle of Fredericksbug. In January, 1863, he was on detached service and was assigned to Company B, 4th United States Artillery and passed a year with that command, participating in all its movements until the 1st of January, 1864, when he re-en- listed in the 10th Wisconsin Battery. He was held by Mead and assigned to his former com- mand, attached to the Pioneer Construction Department, being held in that service until March, 1865, when he was transferred to the Veteran Reserve Corps, as unable to perform further active .service. He was discharged July 24, 186."), after the termination of hostili- ties. During his connection with the artillery he was in action at Chancellorsville, Gettys- burg, Wilderness, Spottsylvania, North Anna, PERSONAL RECORDS. 641 Cold Harbor, Petersburg and in numerous skirmishes of less importance. On his return from the war Mr. Scott located at Plover and engaged afterwards in lumbering at different points in Northern Wisconsin and finally fixed his business engagements at Plo- ver. Mr. Scott receives an insignificant pen- sion, in no way commensurate with his services. He has never married. »';^^^»«5^^-<=«^* ICHARD BOTTRELL, of Dale, Wis., and a member of the Union Army through the civil war, was born in tlie parish of North Petlierum, Devon- shire, England, Jan. 31, 1829. His father, Richard Bottreli, was a recruiting sergeant dur- ing the generalship of Wellington, and fought at Waterloo in 1819. The latter removed with his family to America in 1846, and they settled at West Troy, Walworth Co., Wis. The son was married in the tawn of Dale, May 1st, 1851, to Emily Otis, a native of New York, whose father, Enos Otis, was a soldier in 1812. Their children were 12 in number, and livins eight are William A. is married and lives at Antigo. John is a farmer in Dale. Olive mar- ried R. P. Griswold and resides at Clintonville, Wis. Ida married L. Balliet and lives at the last named place. Eddie is a pamter by trade and lives at home. Elettie is at home. Carlos,a miner, lives in Michigan. Milfordisatliome. Two pairs of twins born lo Mr. and Mrs. Bottreli, died in infancy. Until his enrollment as a soldier, Mr. Bottreli was a farmer. He enlisted in 1862 in Company I, 32nd Wisconsin Infantry, on the President's call for "300,000 men." On the organization of the comjmny he was made Ser- geant and served as such until March, 18G3, when he was promoted to Orderly Sergeant, serving as such until February, 1864, when he was made acting Lieutenant of Company I, in which capacity he served and acted as such some months until Sept. 14, 1864, when he re- ceived a commission from Governor Lewis as 2nd Lieutenant, the paper stating that he was promoted from the ranks for conspicuous bravery on the field of battle. He was in all the battles before Atlanta, on the march to the sea, and at the capture of Fort McAllister. He was near capture at Pocotaligo, S. C, where the regiment was surrounded and the colonel wounded, but the command fought tlieir way out. Mr. Bottreli was in the last action at Bentonville, and skirmished all the way thence to Goldslioro, N. C, where he was ordered home by Dr. Noyes of Oshkosh, on account of fllness and disability. During this time. Lieutenant Bottreli had not been absent a day from duty, nor had he missed a single roll-call. He was discharged June 24, 1865, the war being ended. He was in the city of Baltimore on the day of President Lincoln's assassination. Lieut- enant Bottreli was one who never flinched at the post of danger, nor ever shirked duty. His conduct was consistent with his subsequent character and career, and he is a man whose name deserv^edly belongs in the annals of the private soldiers of Wisconsin wlio answered to the call of their country in its peril, and wlio has honored his flag and his manhood through- out his life. He returned to Dale and, as soon as recovered, he resumed active connection with his former business as a farmer. He has been Town Clerk 20 years, and has officiated as Chairman of the Town Board three years, and as Chairnan of the County Board two years, as County Treasurer two years, and now, (1888) occupies the posi- tions of Town Clerk and Justice of the Peace. Ho belonged to the laboring class in his native country, and brought with him to America an ability to work, to struggle and to wait tor the sure re.sults of thrift, honesty and eiibrt which he is now enjoying — a privilege denied to him in his own country. ■•-^N:^'-^*!^; <^5«f-<•>^}<^-^ ILBER F. MERRILL, a citizen of Appleton, Wis., was born in Wilmington, Essex Co., New York. His father, John Merrill, Jr., was descended from New England ances- try, who located at an early period of the his- tory of the United States in Keene, N. H., and in Vermont. They settled near Montpelier, and from there, John Merrill, the grandfather, went to Wilmington in New York. The children of the latter were Susan Hoyt, Samuel, Thos. Jefferson, John and Jane. John mariied Hannah Hickok, daughter of Abiier and Lois Hickok. He was a soldier of 1812. ivir. Mer- 642 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF rill is tilt; oldebt ol' his parent's children, four in number — W. F., William W., Patrick Henry and Hannah Ellen. The second son enlisted in the same company as did the older brother and, during a portion of the period of his ser- vice, was in charge of a blockliouse on the Nashville & Decatur railroad. Mr. Merrill became a resident of Wisconsin in 1862, and enlisted at Oshkosh, Wis., for one year, enrolling Feb. 3, 1865, in Company C, 46th Wisconsin Lifantry. March 2nd, when the regiment was mustered in, he was made Corporal ot his company, and three days later he left Wisconsin vviLii the command for Louis- ville. The regiment was detailed to guard the Nashville & Decatur railroad where they arrived April 24, 1865. Soon after, Mr. Merrill was assigned as color guard. About May 1st he suffered a sunstroke, and at the same time was attacked with chronic diarrhea, on wliich ac- count he was excused from duty by order of the surgeon of the regimental hospital. He was ex- empt from duty about four weeks, and was sent to Decatur, Ala. May 15th he received an order signed by tlie Acting Assistant Adjutant General, to report immediately for duty as \ clerk, and remained in the discharge of the du- j ties of the position until relieved by s])ecial j order No. 7, signed by Lieut. John W. King. | He was mustered out Sept. 27. 1865, at Nash- ville, and he arrived at Madison, Oct. 2nd, where he was discliarged and paid. He was married to Elma W., daughter of Rev. Merritt and Cyrene (Wood) Preston, Aug. 20, 1873, at Appleton. Their children were three in number — Willard Jay, Leroy and John Elmer. The mother died Oct. 9, 1884. Her parents were natives of the State of New York, and were well known in religious circles, and enjoyed the esteem and respect of the com- munity in which they lived. ■>-i>t^ •~^*^^^'^m£~»>^m£-<- "ILLIAM SPIKES, a citizen and business man of Oshkosh, Wis.,and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 241, was born March 17, 1832, in Lon- donderry, in the county of that name in Ire- land. While commenting on the character of a man who served his country in its hour of trial, it may be remarked in passing that tlie birth of Mr. Spikes on the day dedicated to the patron saint of his native country in the place where Irishmen proved their national valor, is a combination of circumstances which deserves recognition. He came to this land in 1819, when 17 years of age. Six years later he went to Oshkosh and has since been identitied with tiie history of the State of Wisconsin. He was 30 j'ears of age when he became a soldier. He enlisted at Oshkosh, Jan. 3, 1862, in Company B, 3rd Wis- consin Cavalry, for a period of three years. In July, 1862, he was made Quarter-Master's Ser- geant and, on October 20, 1863, was promoted to the rank of Orderly Sergeant. He received honorable discharge at Madison, Wis., Feb. 17th, 1865, tliree weeks after the expiration of his term of enlistment. - The regiment was raised and organized by Gen. Wm. A. Barstow. The enlistments ceased Jan. 31, 1862, the companies being full, and went into camp Barstow at Janesville, Wis. March 26th the command left to report to St. Louis. Near Chicago an accident to the train occured and there were 12 casualties. The regiment remained at Bentoii Barracks, at St. Louis, until about May 1st, when it proceeded to Fort Leavenworth, Kas., and there it re- ceived its horses. The commanding officer was made Provost General of the State and the regiment was distributed in various directions in three battalions. Company B was assigned to the 3rd which also included Companies D, K and H. Companies B and H were assigned to duty at Fort J>eavenworth which was liead- quarters for the men who passed the time until May, 1863, in scouting and keeping to the windward of Quantrell's guerrillas. They then set out for Fort Blunt, as escort for one of the post supply, trains. Five companies were de- tailed for this duty, as the trains were long and as they carried large quantities of supplies for the posts, they were specially attractive to the fam- ishing rebels. On the expedition, the guerril- las made themselves lively and entertaining, and, when the train was within four miles of Fort Blunt they made a desperate attack, the marauders numbering 1,50(3 Texans and In- dians. The slaughter of rebels was great and they were totally routed. The escort returned to Fort Scott, where it remanied until June 20th, when it again set out on a similar service. Seven days later, the train was attacked by a much larger force than before while in the ter- PERSONAL RECORDS. 643 ritory in the southeast of Kansas, known as Cherokee Nation. (Cabin Creek.) The rebels were driven across the Verdigris River and tbe train proceeded to its destination. There the companies were assigned to tlic Army of tlie F'rontier, under General l>kuit and, -July 16th, the command started south. July 17th, the battle of Honey Springs, in the Cherokee Na- tion, was fought and again tiie Union soldiers were succesful. The rebels were utterly routed with heavy loss of men and all their artillery. July 19th the command returned to Fort Blunt. Aug. 22nd it was again summoned to active warfare and acted as vanguard to the advanc- ing Union forces, scouting and skirmishing and clearing the route for their progress. The rebels fled before them and, at Perryville, the entire force of the rebels evacuated the place and it was taken and burned by the conquer- ing soldiers. The several companies remauied until October near Tahlequah, the capital of tlie Cherokee Nation, and were occupied in scouting and other miscellaneous duties con- nected with cavalry service. October 16th a raid was made on Waldron, Ark., and the rebels were driven from then- holding there. On the following day, the Indians were driven from the Choctaw Nation, in Arkansas, and the command returned to Van Buren. November 5th it moved towards Clarksville and on the way encountered 1,000 rebels, with whom it had a sharp tight and were again successful. Nov- ember 14th, Waldron and Dallas, Ark., were raided and, on that occasion Colonel Alexander (rebel) was taken prisoner by Captain William Sharp. The winter was passed with Van Buren as headquarters of Company B and from there the business of scouting, guarding trains, patrolling roads in the vicinity and general warfare on bushwhackers and guerrillas was given full attention. In March, 1864, the company with the regi- ment proceeded to near Little Rock, which was headquarters for the same service as has been recounted throughout the summer and fall of that year. A great advantage was gained and from first to last, the command met with so few reverses tliat its whole history seems like a succession of successful movements. In Jan- uary the term of service of Mr. Spikes expired and three weeks later, which he passed in the same active service, he received honorable dis- charge at Madison, Wis., and returned to Osh- kosh. Mr. Spikes })assed the first four years of his residence in America in the city of Boston where lie landed. He acquired a tliorough knowledge of liie business of a cabinet maker there, and in 1858 went thence to St. .Johns- bury, Vt., remaining there two years. In 1855 lie came to Oslikosh and engaged in the prose- cution of his business in which he was inter- ested at the time lie entered the army. Re- turning tiienc.e, he engaged in the business of a dealer in furniture and as an undertaker, in which he has since operated. He has a fine establishment and an attractive stock of goods at No. 31 Main St. Mr. Spikes is a representative of the sturdy race known as Scotch-Irish. James Spikes, his father, married into the famous clan Campbell, his wife being before marriage, Margaret Camp- bell. The grandfather of Mr. Spikes was in the English navy. Matilda Taggert became the wife of Mr. Spikes and they have one child named Lizzie Tucker. -J»i^*-^*^^^>i^*(f-.-«i5«?-» ZRA W. LEONARD, a citizen of Mon- H tello. Wis., and a member of G. A. R. '^^ Post No. 64, was born March 21, ISlo, in Minerva, Essex Co., New York. Jonathan Leonai'd, his father, was born at Hoosick, Rennselaer Co., New York, June 5, 1792, and removeil in boyhood to Essex county ; he died Sept. 2o, 1875, aged 83 years. The mother of Mr. Leonard, Mary West before mar- riage, was born Feb. 29, 179 i, and died at Mon- tello Oct. 17, 1871. They had 12 children of whom the son who is ths subject of this account is the oldest. Tiie family came to Wisconsin and located in the township of Montello with their fsimily, when that section was un- settled and in its primal wilderness condi- tion. There was not a house in the town and the first house in Wisconsin in which Mr. Leonard lived was a log shantj', thatched with wild grass, having a blanket for a door, witii- out floor or windows. Tlie only neighbors were the Indians and they encountered the hardsiiips only known of the first settlers in a new country. As soon as the land was partly cleared and the soil broken, ague prevailed and tiie family sutt'ered severely from that disease. Mr. Leonard remembers that he re- 644 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OP mained 13 days in Milwaukee after the arrival of the household in Wisconsin. He remained at home on the family homestead, until he enlisted as a soldier. He enrolled Oct. 18, 1861, in Company G, 3rd Wisconsin Cavalry and was afterwards transferred to Company B. The regiment or- ganized at Janesville and went thence to St. Louis, whence it proceeded to Fort Leavenworth. Mr. Leonard was there taken sick with lung fever and went to the hospital in August, 1862, where he was discharged Nov. 27th following on surgeon's certificate of disabilit}'. Soon after he reached home, a sore made it- appear- ance on his left leg which disabled him from labor 22 years. He resumed farming, acting principally as overseer of his relations in that business in which he continued until 1882 when he relinquished all attempt to work, and has since managed his affairs without labor. He was married Aug. 12, 1837, to Abigail Segar 'and they have eight children living. Two sons yielded their lives in the service of their country in the civil war ; Thomas James Leonard enlisted Aug. 12, 1862, in Company G, 32nd Wisconsin Infantry, and served with his regiment through the entire period of enlist- ment; he contracted small pox and came home to die. Julius J. Leonard enlisted in the same regiment and company on the same day and died Jan. 9, 1863, at LaGrange, Tenn., of dis- ease and was buried at that place. Edwin I., Charles S., WiUiam I., Sherman G., Julia A. E., Susan A., Amanda F. and Ella A. are the names of the living children. Mrs. Leonard was born in Becket, Berkshire Co., Mass., and when she was 14 years old removed with the family of her father to Warren county. New York, where her marriage to Mr. Leonard took place. She is the daughter of Julius and Abi- gail Segar and her parents were of Massachu- setts stock. Mr. and Mrs. Leonard are spend- ing the days of advanced life in quiet retire- ment at Montello. .►^>t^ -^*tS>'^^'<^'^^ <5.^ ENRY BAUERFEIND, Shawano, Wis., Commander of G. A. R. Post No. 81, in 1888, was born March 9, 1849, at Bergen's Point, Hudson county, New Jersey, and is the son of Ernest and Amelia (Bachmann) Bauerfeind. His father was a native of Bavaria, and his mother was born in Lancaster, Pa., the daughter of Prussian parents. Her father was an organ builder and a man of exceptional skill. The famly removed to the city of New York when the son was ni early childhood, and they went thence to Melrose, and from there successively to Harpers and Bellevue, Pa., and to Buffalo, New York. Mr. Bauerfeind was educated in the common schools, and was 16 years old when the war came on. He made a determination to enlist as soon as possible and, with a friend named Theodore Balew, two months younger than himself, he presented himself at a recruit- ing office in Buffalo, to be rejected on account of his youth and size, as he weighed only 115 pounds. They went to Rochester and endeav- ored to enlist, but encountered like results. They went to Utica, where their experience was repeated, and they proceeded thence to Norwich, where they were passed and enrolled. Mr. Bauer- feind enlisted March 25, 1865, in Company G, 193rd New York Infantry, for three years. The regiment went into rendezvous at Auburn, New York, and when the complement was filled, moved under orders to Summit Point, in the Shenandoah Valley, where they remained two months for military drill, and there received equipments. They went thence to Winchester and Mr. Bauerfeind was attached to the per- sonal staff of the commanding officer. General Romeyn B. Ayres, in the capacity of telegraph Orderly and also officiated as his private Or- derly. After a stay of four months at Winches- ter, the regiment went to Harper's Ferry, where they were on duty until mustered out. Mr. Bauerfeind received honorable discharge Jan. 18, 1866. The regiment performed guard duty during the period of re-construction, and were engaged also in forwarding captured supplies to Washington. Mr. Bauerfeind returned to Buftalo after his discharge and was engaged for four years as a wood worker. He had been employed in a shop previous to his enlistment, and afterwards had become a skilled pattern maker. When he was 21 he entered the employ of the Eagle Foun- dry company at Buffalo, with whom he oper- ated as a pattern maker until 1872, when he came to Green Bay, Wis., and obtained a situa- tion as foreman in a planing mill, where he operated five years. He then engaged as a con- tractor and builder on his own account, oper- PERSONAL RECORDS. 645 ating at Green Bay four years, when he located at Shawano, and engaged in tlie manufacture of sash, doors and bUnds. His business has in- creased until it has assumed extensive propor- tions, and he employs steam })ower in his man- ufactures, which include furniture and under- taking. Mr. Bauerfeind is a substantial and respected citizen of Shawano. -J»S^-^-,?t^.J^^«^%(f.»<:i.t-. HESTER H. DWINELL, of Amherst Junction, Wis., and member of G. A. R. Post No. 16, was born Jan. 11, 1837, at Mill Creek, Erie Co., Penn- sylvania, and is the son of Luther and Caroline (Bryant) Dwinell. The former was born in Marlboro, New Hampshire, Aug. 17, 1806, and went in his early manhood to Massachusetts and was for some time a resident of Boston, whither he went to New York. He married the daughter of Philip and Caroline Bryant of Franklin county where her father was a citizen of prominence and occupied, after he had passed the first years of his manliood, many positions of trust and responsibility. Later in life he re- moved his family to Pennsylvania. During the second war with Great Britain he acted in the capacity of quartermaster. The mother of Mr. Dwinell died Aug. 22, 1881, aged 71 years. She removed with her husband to PeniLsylvania about 1828, wliere they engaged in farming and remained until their removal to Wisconsin in 1852. They located at Fond du Lac, where they maintained a residence about a year. They made another transfer to Stockton, Portage county, where they established their home and passed the remainder of their lives. The father died May 22, 1872, at the age of 65 years. They were the parents of 10 children. Their first born died when four years old and a daughter later, and they were survived by eight children. Two sons entered the service of the country in the civil war. Mr. Dwinell remained at home until he was old enough to engage in business, when he in- terested himself in lumbering until the war. He enlisted in Company D, 4th Wisconsin In- fantry, Aug, 22,_ 1864, as a recruit at Stevens Point and was transferred to Company F, of the same regiment. This was the reorganized command and was in rendezvous at Madison two weeks, whence the regiment went to Wash- ington and to llari)er's Ferry, thence to Mar- tin.sburg and up the historic valley of the Shen- andoah to Wincliester and Cedar Creek, where the command remained about a month. At the end of that time, Mr. Dwinell returned to Washington and thence to Petersburg wliere he was in the trenches all winter engaged in guard duty and fought at botli battles of Hatcher's Run. In April, 186.5, he was in the course of the progress of the regiment to Appomattox, fighting at Sailor's Creek and Fort Fisher and skirmishing on the route in pursuit of the Hy- ing rebels, who surrendered at Appomattox. After that event the regiment went into camp for a week at Burke's Station and thence on a forced march to Danville to reinforce Slierman, who had capitulated before their arrival and they returned to Virginia. Mr. Dwinell was with his command throughout its entire period of service with the exception of six weeks, when he was in the division hospital in the vicinity of Petei'sburg, ill with typhoid fever. He was in the Grand Review and was afterwards dis- charged at Hall's Hill, Va., June 8, 1865. The command returned to Madison ni a body and Mr. Dwinell arrived at his home in Stockton June 25, 1865. He engaged in farming in winch he has since been occupied. He is residing on the home- stead purchased by his fatlier of the Govern- ment. He was married in March, 1859, to Louisa, daughter of Freeman and Celinda (Keach) Nelson, who came with her parents in 1853 to Wisconsin. She was born May 11, 1843, in New York. Mr. and Mrs. Dwinell have six surviving children. Luther H. died when four years old. Charles M. was born Sept. 7, 1861; Mary E., April 28, 1865; Bertram E„ May 30, 1869; Adelia, April 22, 1872; Ashael Aug. 7, 1881; Mabel M., May 2, 1885. The eldest .sons are at Ashland, Wis. Mr. Dwniell is a farmer of excellent standing in the community and is justly considered a sub- stantial and reliable citizen. ILLTAM W. WILCOX, resident at Omro, Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 7, was born m New York October 1, 1836. His par- ents, Elisha and Jane (Hamilton) Wilcox, be- 646 SOLDIERS ALBUM OF longed to the agricultural class and he was reared on a farm; he came to Wisconsin in 1846, while it was still a Territory, settled in the county of Fond du Lac and was a farmer there about 15 years. March 17, 1864, he en- listed at Fond du Lac in Company A, 38th Wisconsin Infantry, and went with Companies A, B, C and D to connect with the Army of the Potomac, where the battalion was consolidated with a battalion of the 1st Minnesota Lifantry. During the month of June he was engaged in escort, construction and picket duty and moved to the front of Petersl)urg, hghting in the battle of the 17tli, when he was severel}' wounded in the right leg and taken to the field liospital. He is mentioned in the dispatches from tlie battle field of tinit day as among the wounded and was sent from Petersburg to Lincoln hos- pital at Washington, where he remained until he was discharged June 8, 1865. He I'eturned to Wisconsin, and in 1866 removed to Adams county, Wis., where he was a farmer until 1871, the date of his removal to Omro, where he has since been a mechanic. He was mar- ried iTan. 11, 1860, at Fond du l^ac to Abbie, daughter of Louis and Anna (Brownell) Wood. They have five children. Clayton H. married Libby Downs and lives at Rockford, 111. Lulu lives at home. Fred resides at Rockford, 111. Harvey is a resident of Oshkosh, Wi.s. Gertie lives witli her father. The mother died at Omro July 12, 1887. Mr. Wilcox is a Prohibitionist in political principles, but expects to vote in the coming election with the party with which he fought, as he considers the Nation as well worth saving in the latter as in the earlier days. All but the two younger children of the family belong to the M. E. Church and are active in their reli- gious connections. Mr. Wilcox belongs to the I. O. 0. F. and is a citizen of good repute. -^>t^-st^^^'* ENRY VAN VAf^KENBURG, of Oshkosh, member of Post No. 10, A. R., was born Aug. 1, 1830, in Fultouham, Schoharie Co., N. Y. He is the son of John and Phebe (Wagner) Van Valkenburg, and is lineally descended from the Hollanders who settled in the valley of the Mohawk in the Empire State. He was brought up to the vocation of a farmer in his native county and in 1855 came to Wisconsin, locating at Plainfield, where he was engaged in agricultural pursuits until his removal to West- field in 18{)1. He returned to Westfield when released from military service and removed in 1871 to Oslikosh. August 15, 1862, Mr. Van Valkenburg en- listed in the 1st Heavy Artillery of Wisconsin. A company of the Wisconsin 2nd Regiment of infantry had been detaclied and placed on duty as heavy artillery in 1861, and it was after- ward reconstructed and recruited as Battery A, First Regiment, Heavy Artillery. The organi- zation was the only one from the State until the summer of 1863, and the regiment was not completed until the autumn of 1864. Battery A, was in active; service for two years previous, and chiefly in the defense of Washington, being successively stationed in forts Cass, Ellsworth, Worth and Battery Rogers. The duties of the artillerymen exposed them to peculiar hard- .ships, as everything connected with their drill and fort defense involved heavy labor. Bat- tery A received especial notice from the in- spectors from the British army who visited the defenses at Wa.shington, for discipline and the character of its armament, which consisted of the heaviest quality of guns common to that branch of military service. Mr. Van Valken- burg was one of 40 men detailed to move to tort Buffalo with three guns, one of them be- ing a 200-pounder, to repulse the rebels during Pope's retreat on Washington. He continued in the service until June 26th, 1865, when he was discharged in accordance with General Order 94. He suffered much from illness and was an inmate of the company hospital for some time. MRS. SUSANNAH VAN VALKENBURG, President of the Women's Relief Corps at Osh- kosh, (1887) and entitled to representation in this work through her connection with the hos- pital service of the war, was born Feb. 1st, 1838, at Mainsburg, Troja Co., Pa. She is the seventh daughter of her parents and the youngest child. She belongs to historic stock, her mother, Susannah Aldeu Richards, having been a lin- eal descendant of John Alden, who married the Puritan maiden, Priscilla. She was married to Henry Van Valkenburg, in Westfield, Wis., PERSONAL RECORDS. 647 Sept. 25, 1860. From the commencement of the war she experienced a strong desii'c to go to the scenes of carnage and to the hospitals as a nurse, and m November, 1S63, she completed her arrangements and proceeded to Alexandria, to enter upon the duties of the career she had cliosen — that of an independent nurse among the suffering soldiers. She is a woman of im- pulses and sympathies and of remarkably sunny disposition. She fully realized all that would be demanded of her and formed her resolutions accordingly. To be of the greatest benefit to the beneticiaries of her elforts was her purpose, and she entered Wolf hospital with her thoughts teeming with wliat she desired to do, and to do in the most effective manner. The opening to her vision of hospital scenes awak- ened her sympathies and she was .soon con- scious of tears. Wiping them away she walked forward to a cot where lay a boy, seemingly un- scious. She touched his forehead softly with the words : " Do you know that I have come all the way from Wisconsin to care for sick and wounded soldiers like yourself? Will you not look up and speak to me? I will try to fill a mother's or a sister's place if you will allow me." He looked up slowly, saying, as if dazed, "Will you?" "Try me and see. Your nurse tells me that you have not tasted food for three days. Think what you would have asked your mother or sister for and, if possil)le, I will get it for you." With an indescribable look on his wasted face he said : — " (Jan you make biscuits like my mother used to make? She assured him that she would if the surgeon con- sented. That official looked at her in amaze- ment and said, accompanying the permis- sion with the name of his Maker softly aspirated on his lips, " give him what- ever he wants; he cannot live." She went away and made the biscuits. On her return, as she passed one of the beautiful residences of Alexandria, she applied to its mistress, who gave her ajar of jelly. Sparkling eyes and an eager smile wreathed the suffering face as she appeared, and the memory of the satisfaction she had been the means of affording the sick youth has never left her. His improvement dated from that day, and as he grew stronger he was accustomed to creep to the window to watch for the "pleasant faced woman" as she was known to the hospital inmates. He was soon sent home. The superintendent of the U. S. Christian Commission, hearing of her gratui- tous, self-imposed work, sent for her and offered her the freedom of the supplies in the custody of that organization, and she was thereafter re - inforced by such materials as she wished to use ■ from the stores. About Jan. 1, 1864, she com- menced her labors in King Street hospital, in which she passed the days in which she con- tinued well enough to carry on her work. Her husband had built a small cottage in Battery Rogers which was their home, and which was such a bower of domestic comfort that Mr. Saw- yer, Captain of the Commission rooms, asked permission to bring a prominent Massachusetts officer in command of the forces at Alexandria, to see, as he expressed it, what a home a Wis- consin woman could make in a soldier's camp. But it was only a room 12 feet square, and con- structed of the plainest materials. At King Street hospital the guards were in- structed by the autliorities to admit Mrs. Van Valkenburg to the wards at anj' hour she de- sired admission, day or night. In May, 1864, wounded .soldiers were being brought in, in large numbers as they were in need of remedies and food to counteract the effects of neglect and im- projter food. She solicited from Battery A a sum of money with wliich to purchase lemons and sugar, and she made lemoniide in large camp boilers, which were carried by two of "the boys" in her husband's battery to the places whei'e she desired to distriljute it, and .several times she visited nearly every hospital in Alex- andria with the coveted mixture. One of her pleasantest memories is the safisfaction which it afforded, and the hearty blessings bestowed on her l)y the recipients of the refreshing drink. Nor was she alone in her gratuitous benevol- ence and efforts. A patriotic woman residing in a fine residence on King Street, saw her pass with her arms loaded with supplies for the hos- pital, and one day sent a servant to her to say that if slie would designate certain days when .soup would be u.seful, she would see that it was prepared. At the apj)ointed time Mrs. Van Valkenburg, with four "boys in blue" called and received two large camp boilers filled with delicious lamb soup. One incident of the hospital experience related by Mrs. Van Valkenburg is pertinent to the purpose of this work in an especial manner, as it illustrates the nature of the "Spirit of the Army" which won the Union victories. At one time numbers of wounded were arriving at the hospital and Mrs. Van ^^^lkenburg stood, watching the in- 648 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF flux of new patients with mingled emotions. On one stretcher lay a poor fellow, apparently un- conscious, with a liole in his head half the size of a man's fist. The investing membrane of the brain was exposed and the pulsations plainly vi.sible. Surgeons looked at him and remarked, "Nothing can be done for him," To the amaze- ment of the observers, the man opened his eyes and rose to a sitting posture. "Well," said he, "you can do as you have a mind to about try- ing to help me but I want to tell you that I intend to live. I came down here to see the end of this war and I expect to see it." And lie did. After he was made comfortable in a cot, Mrs. Van Valkenburg told liim that she stood ready to help him to live to see the end of the war. And, after she was stricken with typhoid fever this man came daily to ask after her. She finally succumbed to the effects of un- timely hours and exertion beyond endurance, as well as to malaria from Potomac swamps and, for two months, lay sick with the disease men- tioned. The lady who had supplied her with soup, sent to the humble cottage and desired to remove her to the palatial home on King street, but Mrs. Van Valkenburg declared her purpose to die, if need be, among the boys for whom she had exhausted her strength. When she was ready to return home she was supplied with the following paper which tells its own stor}'. " U. S. Christian Commission, Branch Office, Cor. of Fairfax and I'rince Sts., Alexandria, Va., Aug. 1, 1864. To whom it may concern. This certifies that the bearer, Mrs. Van Valkenburg, is the wife of a soldier at this place. She has been laboring very effi- ciently in the care of sick and wounded sol- diers in our hospitals under the direction of the U. S. Christian Commission until, by over exertion she became sick herself from which she has barely recovered sufficiently to make an effort to get home. 0. C. Thompson, Su- perintendent of U. S. Christian Commission. " On the organization of the Women's Relief Corps at Oshkosh, Mrs. Van Valkenburg was made its President. December 17, 1886, she was elected Chaplain of the Department at Milwaukee for one year. In her may be seen a type of the mothers wlio reared and arrayed for battle tlie heroes of the Revolution, most of whom passed to an ob- livion in which their names are remembered no more. Large in person, strong in intellect, indomitable in courage and cheerfulness, she is, altogether, such a woman as were tliose who made their memory sweet to the suffering in the bitter hour of National trial. With those who warded off" the disasters of a terrible internal struggle, the names of Mother Bickerdyk ?, Cor- delia Harvey and Susannah Van Valkenburg are on the pages of history. Solomon Richards, the father of Mrs. Ya,n \'alkenburg, was born Oct. 11, 1876, in Cum- ington, Mass., and married Susannah, the daughter of Jacob Allen. The latter was the son of a Revolutionar3'- Patriot and followed his father to war when 11 years old. As he re- fused to return home, the latter made him his waiter until himself was killed in battle. The son remained in tlie service until the end of the war. Solon Richards died March 3, 1885. Mrs. Richards died Dec. 19, 1879, on the same day and in the same house as the only child of Mr. and Mrs. Van Valkenburg. The latter, Nettie R., was born Aug. 30, 1866. -j»t^ •-^•t^^^ii^Jitf-^i^^^f-. ^^Ik-^HOMAS H. chase, a resident of Dale, (pic) Wis., and a former member of the ' Ji ' Union army in the civil war, was born in Orleans County, New York, Dec. 16, 1831, and is the son of John Chase, a soldier in the war with Mexico. He became a resident at Dale when 17 j'ears of age, after he had visited California, Mexico and Oregon, and also Texas. He was brought up on a farm, and has been engaged in agricultural pursuits since the commencement of his active life. He enlisted at Appleton, Wis., Dec. 23, 1863, enrolling in Company I, 3rd Wisconsin Cavalry, with Cap- tain Theodore Conkey. (See sketch.) The command was in rendezvous at Camp Randall, and went thence to Missouri and Fort Scott, went afterward to Fort Riley, and marched in pursuit of Indians 16 nights and made connec- tion with their ambush on Walnut Creek, where they engaged in a severe fight with the red- skins. They were routed and one Indian, who was captured was shot by Zonn of New London in trying to make his escape. Mr. Chase was in all the actions in which his battalion was in- volved until he was injured in a skirmish in the vicinity of Fort Earned, in which his foot and nearly all the ribs on one side were broken '^ ^ 0. ■^'^SsS^ dJlcLJ.. ScL^i^ ^. dl^ti^->-.. PERSONAL RECORDS. 649 by liis horse falling on him, and he was sent to the hospital at Fort Leavenworth, where he re- mained until he went home on fourlough. He was discharged previous to the expiration of his term, and received his papers, dated July 21st. Mr. Chase was married in Dale in 1852, to Catherine Giebel, and they had three children ; David is a resident of Dale and is married. Rosalie is married to G. A. Rheum, and lives in Oregon. Frank is deceased. The mother died in 1862. Li 1866 Mr. Chase was married to Mrs. Mary Jane Hart, the widow of Gustavus A. Hart, who was a soldier in the same com- pany' with Mr. Chase, and who died at Abilene, Kansas, and was buried at Fort Riley. From the second marriage there are two cliildren — Willie M. and Lucius. Both sons are exem- plary young men. When Mr. Chase came to Wisconsin he was in circumstances that necessi- tated the utmost etfort and, through industry and good habits, including excellent judgment and thrift, he has accumulated a comfortable property. His farm was in a state of nature when he became its possessor, and he has now a valuable place supplied with buildings of good character, and the estate is in the best order for successful farming. Mrs. Chase is an estimable lady and retains a loyal memory of her hu.sband who gave his life in defense of his country. She and her present husband are members of the Baptist Church. Mr. Chase is a Republican and "votes as he shot." He is unable to perform any labor. He wishes it recorded that a man who has lived on "horse ration.s" and was without shelter, save a hole dug in the ground, for 20 months during the war, can appreciate a good home. i^^>^**?-"^5<-' AJOR EDWIN R. HERREN, a jirominent business man and in- fluential citizen at Stevens Point, Wis., was one of the charter mem- bers of G. A. R. Post No. 156. He was born Dec. 22, 1838, at Ashtabula in the county of the same name in Ohio, and is of mixed Scotch and Holland lineage. He received his Scotch blood ill the paternal line, his ancestors having been natives of Scotland. His grandfather, Isaac Herren, was a native of New York and Major Herren's father, Robert Herren, was born in that State, Dec. 2.5, 1816. The grandmother of the latter, Catherine Freyer, was born of Holland ancestry and she died in 1887, in Jef- ferson, Ohio, and was about 90 years old. Edward Hill, the maternal grandfather of Major Herren, was born in Connecticut, and came West in the early history of the country and located at Harpersfield, A.shtabula Co'!, Ohio, where his daughter, Mrs. Caroline Her- ren, was born and was married March 1st, 1838. The parents are both living at Luverne, Minn. Their tive children are all living. Major Herren being the oldest. Ellen A. was born June 1, 1840 ; Julia M., June 30, 1842 ; Herbert E., May 16, 1854 ; Addie, January, 1862. Until he was 18 years old, Major Herren was mainly occupied in attending school with the exception of a short i)eriod, when he officiated as a clerk in the postoffice at Beloit, Wis. At the age named he entered the employ of the C. M. & St. P. railroad company, operating in the capacity of check clerk and was afterwards ill charge of the station at Iron Ridge. Joseph Bailey, who afterwards became one of the most famous men in the history of Wisconsin sol- diers, was his friend and associate at Kilbourn City and they were active participants in the opening scenes in the Badger State, when the folly and recklessness of the South culminated ill the assault on the United States flag in Charleston harbor, and the two young men were among the tirst to enroll in the volunteer service. They both enlisted Aj)ril 17, 1861, and were both active in raising the company which was assigned to the 4th Wisconsin In- fantry, as Company B. On the formation of the company Joseph Bailey was made captain, Walter S. Payn, 1st lieutenant and Edwin P. Herren was commissioned 2nd lieutenant, his papers bearing date of April 29, 1861. The recruiting office was at Kilbourn City and the enlistments were under the call for three months troojis. The name of the Company was the Columbia Rifles. The organization went into camp at Racine, and, when orders were issued by the War Department, to muster no more three months men, the organization enlisted in a body as three years soldiers. In Jul}', the regiment went to Baltimore, and was occupied in guard duty on the Baltimore and Ohio railroad, until Octolier, meanwhile making a trip down the Maryland east shore and after returning to Baltimore, the command camped in Patterson Pai'k, where it was engaged in 650 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF obtaining a complete knowledge of military tactics. Feb. 19, 1862, tlie regiment started for Fortress Monroe and Newport News, where tliey remained until the 4th of March, when they were assigned to the command of Butler and joined the expedition to New Orleans, going into rendezvous at Ship Island in the Gulf of Mexico. When the plans for the expedition to New Orleans were couipleted, tlie regiment proceeded thence and, on the 26tli of April, started up the river and, on joining the com- mand of Butler, went to the city of New Orleans. They pressed on thence to Baton Rouge and in their march to Vicksburg were engaged with the rebels at Wari'enton. The command re- mained at Vicksburg a few days and returned to Baton Rouge, afterwards going back to Vicksburg, and on the route thither, by com- mand of General Butler, the force stopped at Grand Gulf and burned the town by way of retaliation for the assault of the rebels on the transport containing the soldiers on their re- turn to Baton Rouge. Major Herren was occupied on Butler's cut-off canal and returned again to Baton Rouge, where the troops under General Williams, had a sharp figlit with the rebels under Breckenridge, the action resulting in unqualified victory for the Union force, although General Williams was killed. Major Herren was seized with malarial fever at Baton Rouge, and remained in the hospital at New Orleans, two months, joining his command at Camp Parapet at Carrolton, in October. Com- pany D was on detached duty on the fortifica- tions until about the 1st of December, when the regiment returned to Baton Rouge and per- formed guard duty until February, when the command moved to the west side of the river. In March, they went back to Baton Rouge and, before the middle of the month, were engaged in the demonstration made under the orders of Banks on Port Hudson. The next movements were successively to Baton Rouge and Algiers, whence a start was made to western Loui.siana, where Major Herren was in tiie two days' fight at Bisland. August 16, 1862, Major Herren had received his commission as 1st Lieutenant and he was in command of a skirmish line at Bisland, where the service he performed was of a character which received the personal ac- knowledgement of General Banks, who wrote a private letter over his own signature to Major Herren, commending his bravery in the two days' fight at Bisland. After the battle the rebels were pursued to Opelousas, where the command obtained cavalry equipments on their own account and continued to chase the rebels and Major Herren went vvitli his com- mand to Alexandria and was in the scout 50 miles up tlie Red River and returned to Alex- andria. They went next to Port Hudson, where they were dismounted and were in the fight at that jioint, the 4tli Wisconsin leading the charge. About 10 o'clock on the 27tli of May, Major Herren received a bullet in tlie right knee and he was taken to the field hospital, where those who were seriously wounded on the field were conveyed. About 4 o'clock in the afternoon, Major (then Captain) Herren underwent amputation of the limb. He was then removed to the boat, travelling 12 miles in an ambulance and thence on the Mississippi River to New Orleans and reached St. James hospital, May 30th. July 4th, Major Herren starteil for the city of New York and continued his journey until he reached his home at Kil- bourn City. He applied for permission to return to the front, wearing an artificial limb, but was not permitted to do so and he received his final discharge Nov. 21, 1863, as Major by brevet. His commission as Captain was dated March 17, 1863. In the winter of 1864, he was associated in business at Kilbourn City with J. E. Dixon & Sons and their relations continued until March 1886, when the establisliment was burned. He went to Davenport, Iowa, and about a year later he engaged with the hardware firm of Sickles & Preston, at Davenport, with wiiom he remained tiiree years, when he went to Chica- go in 1871, and the manufacturing firm of Cronkhite & Herren was organized and he was engaged in tlie business of manufacturing sash, doors and blinds about two years. In March, 1873, he sold iiis interest to his partner and was one of the incorporators of the Wisconsin River Lumber Company, when he went to Stevens Point and budt the first planing mill at that place. In 1874, the business of that cor- poration was re-establi.shed under the style of Herren & Whitney, and this relation was sus- tained until 1876, when Major Herren became sole proprietary owner and he conducted his business interest singly until 1879, when he became associated with Mr. M. Wadleigh. July 1, 1885, the business connection was again changed, Mr. Wadleigh selling his interest and in the same year the concern was incorporated PERSONAL RECORDS. 651 as the Stevens Point Lumber Company. Major Herren is the Secretary and Treasurer of tlie company. He has represented tlie 2nd ward of Stevens Point in the City Council for a num- ber of terms, and in the Board of Supervisors for two terms, and for four years lias been President of the Board of Education, a position which he now holds. He has been the candi- date of his party for the Legislature twice and each time ran aiiead of his ticket. Major Herren was married Dec. 29, 1863, to Maggie Dixon who died in Davenport, Iowa, Jan. 14, 1868. She was the daughter of James E. and Margaret (Paubst) Dixon and left no children. Dec. 14, 1871, Major Herren was again married at Rochester, New York, to Anna A., daughter of Salmon and Eliza Ann (Board- man) Yeomans. Four children have been born of this marriage as follows : — Francis Boardman, Sept. 23, 1874 ; Aiuia Louise, July 21, 1876; Edith Maria, Sept. 22, 1877; Julia Ehza, June 5, 1881. Major Herren has been distinguished through his career as a citizen in the exercise of the honorable and upright qualities which com- pose true manly character. He belongs to a class whose enthusiasm and force of character make them leaders in whatever they under- take. His social and business relations are conducted by him in a manner which reflects credit on his ability and judgment and his manhood and citizenship manifest the same characteristics as did his soldierly j)atriotisra. He is justly considered an iuHuential member of the community where he resides and his business is one of the most extended of tlie many lumbering interests at Stevens Point. His portrait appears on page 648. -Ot^^~;>t^$^^'^i£-*'^i<-* in the paternal line were born in Scotland, and removed to Genesee county. New York, about 1796, where their son, Abraham McKee, was born. The latter was a ininister of the Presbyterian Church and married Mary Van Dyke, a representative of the Knicker- bocker settlers of New York, about 1812. The family removed to Michigan in 1838, and in- cluded 13 children, of wliom Mr. Moore of this sketch, is the youngest. Calhoun county, Mich., was in its earliest conditions, when his parents located there, and lie ])assed his early years in attendance at a small red school house, and assisting his father in the management of a small farm, it being the custom in those days for Presbyterian ministers to look after them- selves through the week and their Hocks on Sun- day. His father died in 1844, and his mother was married a second time to Andrew G. Moore. They removed soon after marriage to Homer, Mich., and he attended school at Hillsdale, Mich., until the war. He enlisted April 16, 1861, in Calhoun county, and was the first man enrolled from that county in Company I, 1st Michigan Infantry, under Captain Devillo Hub- bard, for 90 days, the period for which 75,000 troops were called for by the War Department of the United States. The regiment was in rendezvous at Fort Wayne, Detroit, and went thence to Alexandria, and was in that city at the date of the murder of Colonel Ellsworth. Mr. Moore was in the detail in the construction of Fort Ellsworth, and on the 15th day of July, moved to Centerville to fight and run at the battle of Bull Run, on the 21st. With six companions, he made a contract with a ne- gro, who had a four-mule team, to take them to Washington for five dollars each, but the guard at the bridge would not allow the ne- gro to i)ass and they paid him only ten dollars. The three months expired before the fight at Bull Run, and Mr. Moore returned after- wards with his regiment to Michigan, and was mustered out at Detroit, August 7, 1861. The reception of the regiment and the demonstra- tions of the people of Detroit on their return are remembered by Mr. Moore with peculiar satisfaction. He remained at home until Sept. 5, 1861, when he enlisted in the 2nd Michigan Cavalry, organized by William Pitt Kellogg, then Member of Congress, and was made Duty Sergeant. The regiment was in rendezvous at Grand Rapids, Mich., and, the winter following his enlistment, Mr. Moore passed in recruiting service and in the spring went to St. Louis, and proceeded then to Pittsburg Landing, where he was assigned, about the middle of April, to the 1st California Cavalry, under Colonel E. D. Ba- ker, anil performed duty as Orderly Sergeant with the command of the noble but unfortunate Baker, whii'h was sent to the Army of Virginia. The regiment took possession on Harrison's 652 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF Island and while crossing the river at Edwards' Ferry, which occupied nine hours, the men were constantly falling under concealed rebel fire. Colonel Baker was killed in the action, which was called Ball's Bluff, and the regiment, enlisted for 100 days, was disbanded. Mr. Moore returned home on a furlough and was assigned in January, 1863, to the Brodhead command, with which he fought in the seven days fight before Richmond. He received a bullet through his wrist at Seven Pines, and he was assigned to the Quartermasters Department at Harpers Ferry, being disabled for field duty, Hon. Zach. Chandler, of Michigan, who was a personal friend of Mr. Moore, exercised his in- fluence and the latter was commissioned Cap- tain in the 27th Michigan Infantry, and was acting Quartermaster in the coiimand until he was mustered out as Captain, Oct. 14, 1864. He went immediately after to California, and was 87 days on the trip to Sacramento. He went to tlie mining regions of Arizona and New Mex- ico, and remained until the fall of 1808. when he returned to Michigan. In the winter of 1866 he was in Texas, dealing in cattle and goods for Adams & Pattenson; while there became near losing his life by hanging. Entering into a dispute as to the author of the old war song, "Tramp, Tramp, Trami)," he wasgiven 15 min- utes to leave town; he jumped on a horse and left, saving his neck. A year later, he went to Illinois, where he remained until 1871, when he came to Wisconsin and located at Seymour, Outagamie county. He removed to Plover in 1877, and fixed his permanent residence. In 1872, Captain Moore was married to Adelia Halfrisch, at Cato, Manitowoc county. They have two children ; — Thomas E. was born Sept. 1, 1873, and Ernest L., March 28, 1880. Mr. Moore was brought up to know no other name than that of his step-father, and has never re- sumed his rightful name, McKee. LBERT M. POST, a citizen of Shawano, ^ Wis., and a member of G. A. R Post No. 81, was born Aug. 27, 1837, in "Camelius, New York, and is the son of Eliaz and Experience (Rice) Post. The par- ents lived and died in the Empire State, the mother dying when her sou was in the first year of his life and the father about 10 years later. T'lie latter was a soldier in 1812. Mr. Post has one brother still surviving and Mrs. Harvey Sackett of Appleton is his sister. An- other sister-in-law resides at Miilon Junction — Mrs. Dr. G. W. Post. Mr. Post obtained his education at the common school and was early introduced to the necessity of making his own way in the world. He became acquainted with hard work, through which he understood he was to acquire all the comforts and associations of which he had been deprived Ijy the loss of his parents. He came to Wisconsin in 1859 and was engaged in farming when the war came on, and enlisted June 28, 1861, in Com- pany G, 3i'd Wisconsin Infantry at Fond du Lac for three years or during the war. He was with the regiment through its service and was promoted to Corporal in 1864, (for getting mar- ried, his otticers believing him to be a brave man to do such a thing in the midst of army life.) He received honorable discliai-ge Dec. 2(3, I860, in order to veteranize, and he re-enlisted at Wartrace, Teini., about tbe same date, being the second man to re-enlist in the regiment. The roster of his battles includes Buckton Sta- tion and Wurchester, (ist battle.) He was cap- tured May 25, 1862, in the second battle of Winchester and was conveyed to Lynchburg and afterwards to Belle Isle where he was paroled September loih foll(iwing,and on reach- ing Annapolis he rejoined his regiment in De- cember in Maryland, after which he fought at Gettysburg, and was transferred with the com- mand to the Army of the Cumberland and was in the liatlle of Resaca ; he was in the actions which followed in the neighborhood of Mari- etta and Dallas, was at Pine Knob, Kenesaw, Peach Tree Creek, siege of Atlanta, and in all the actions and experiences in the march to Savannah and through tbe closing operations connected with the surrender of Johnston, aftei'- wards marcliing to Washington with his regi- ment, whose story appears on many pages of this work. Mr. Post went with his regiment from Fond du Lac to Maryland and performed provost duty in the vicinity of Harper's Ferry through the winter, and assisted in the capture of the secession legislature at Frederick. After the three days' figlit at Gettysburg he assisted in the burial of the dead, which was the hard- est experience he endured, notwithstanding the horrors of the Virginia prisons, which still haunt his memory. During the march with PERSONAL RECORDS. 65S Sherman, he was on the tramp night and day, engaged in heavy labor at times and once dur- ing three days had only an ear of corn for food, which he stole from a friendly mule. He was finally discharged Jul}' 18lh, 18G5, while home on a furlough, his regiment reaching Wiscon- sin nearl}^ as soon as he. After his return from the war, he resided some time at Appleton and Neenah and afterwards took a soldier's home- stead in Shawano county. In Nhirch, 1884, he removed to Shawano. He was m^irried Janu- ary 9, 1864, while on veteran furlough, to Mar- garet M. Hartshiem, who was born in Ger- many. Their four living children are named Elford, Oscar W., Elsie E. and Grace P. Anna S., Arthur M. and Everett E. are dead. Mr. Post is Chaplain of William Hawley Post, No. 81, G. A. R., is independent in politics and is a respected and useful citizen. •■-^;st^-'-^s*t?«i^^"^*'^-'>^5'-^>t^^^-i^*:^.«^«^^ Jf^^ DWARD G. HART, a resident at Chil- C r^^ i ' *°"' ^^'is-' Adjutant of Post No. 205, >^^ (1888) was born Feb. 13, 1841, at LeRo}', Jefferson Co., New York. He is the son of James H. and Jane (Whitney) Hai't. He was 13 years old when his father removed his family in 1854 to Rock county, Wisconsin, where the family residence was maintained until their removal in 1858 to Calu- met county. Mr. Hart was engaged on his father's farm until the year in which he reached the age of 20. and he enlisted Oct. 4, 1861, in Company A, I8tli Wisconsin Infantry at Graves- ville for three years. He was afterwards made Corporal and rose to the rank of Sergeant. He veteranized in January, 1864, but could not ob- tain veteran's furlough until November follow- ing. Mr. Hart went with his regiment from Wi-sconsin and proceeded immediately to the battle field of Pittsburg Landing, after which he went to the siege of Corinth and thence to luka, Raymond, Jackson, Champion's Hill, Vicksburg, Mission Ridge, and fouglit at Kings- ton and the actions in which, his regiment en- gaged and went to Goldsboro and to Raleigh and thence to Washington. During the whole course of his service he was not wounded but received a .slight scratch at Corinth. He was PERSONAL RECORDS. 657 not present at the first battle of Corinth and he also missed tlie actions in which the non-veter- ans of tlie regiment were engaged during the Atlanta campaign and on return from veteran furlough, rejoined his regiment in North Caro- lina. He was discluirged .\ugust 4, 18(55, at the close of the war. Mr. Hart was one of the soldiers who took especial jiride in the cleanli- ness of his equipments, and as lie came up to Wasiiington lie placed his gun in the stack while he pitched his tent and when he turned to look for it it was gone, but it was not found in the regiment. He was about to take his place in the parade and as he was obliged to take a rusty old musket and restore its brightness so far as was possible, he performed the necessar}' labor, assisted by peculiar forms of expression in relation to the loss of his former gun. In the fall of 18G3, when the regiment readied Chat- tanooga it was evening, and they went imme diatel}^ into camp to be routed out soon after, with the intelligence that they were in direct range of the rebel guns on Lookout Mountain, and it was nearly morning before they secured a safe position. When it became necessary, Nov. 24, 1863, for Sherman's army to cross tlie Tennessee River, a detail from the 18th Wis- consin crossed in boats in the night with muttled oars, captured the rebel picket line without tiring a gun and in perfect silence, and was followed by the entire corps of General Sherman. After the war Mr. Hart returned to Graves- ville where he has since maintained his resi- dence. He is a skilled mechanic, and in 1882 entered the employ of Dorschel, Scliultz & Co., as a wood tiirisher. He has officiated for the last 10 years as Town Clerk of Charlestown, Calumet county. He was married Oct. 20, 1861, a few days after he enlisted, to Calista Wadsworth, of Brothertown, Calumet county, and they have two children born as follows: — Cora A.', March 26, 1868, and Edgar H., Nov. 18, 1872. OSEPH ARNOLD, Commander of 0.sh- kosli Post No. 10, in 1887, and belonging to Post 241, (1888) was born in Cleveland, Ohio, May 17, 1842. In 1843 liis par- ents removed to Milwaukee, residing there until 1851, when they fixed their residence at Osh- kosh. At the latter place the son grew to man- hood and, after obtaining a fair degree of edu- cation at the common school, he obtained em- ployment in Milwaukee, where he was occupied at the date of the rebel attack on H'ort Sumter. Under the infiuunce of the enthusiasm awakened V)y tliat historic shot, he hastened to enroll him- self as a defender of the flag. His name was on honorable record before Governor Randall was in possession of the authoritj'' of the gen- eral Government to raise a quota of troops from Wisconsni. The date of his regular enlistment was April lOtli, 1861, when he enrolled for three months in Co. H, Lst Wisconsin Infantry, at Milwaukee. The command was assigned to the Army of the Potomac, and the regiment was involved in sever il actions of greater or less importince until .July 2nd, when it partici- pated in the fight commonly designated Mar- tinsburg in official reports, hut better known among the soldiers of the 1st Wisconsin as Fall- ing Waters. The regiment was detained in service until Aug. 21st, when its surviving members received honorable discharge at Mil- waukee. To a reflective nature, even the most limited acquaintance with the responsibilities of actual war carries its lessons, and Mr. Arnold passed a year in awaiting the progress of events. The discouraging features of that time made it apparent tiiat the pressing exigency was for men to do and die for.the restoration of a united country, if need be. About the middle of Au- gust, 1862, he enlisted as a private in Co. E, 26th Wis. \''ols. He enrolled at Fond du Lac for three years service, and his regiment was assigned to the Army of the Potomac, lltli Corps. Mr. Arnold was mide Sergeant, and passed the intermediate grades of promotion to that of 1st Lieutenant, receiving his commis- sion in February, 1865. He was under fire at Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Re.saca, Dallas, Altoona Station, Peach Tree Creek, Savannah, Averysboro and Bentonville, and in numerous skirraLshes and engagements of minor impor- tance, but having all the dangerous and disa- greealjle features of more decided warfare. He passed through the entire period without re- ceiving a wound, and with a brief hospital ex- perience at Benton Barrack.s. In June, 1865, at the termination of hostilities, he was dis- charged and returned to Oshkosh. But there are other contingencies possible in war, and Mr. Arnold was not exempt from some 658 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF of the most severe. He was in the fight at Chancellorsville on the day when "Stonewall" Jackson, the inceptor and prime spirit in the celehrated flank movement on "the right" of the splendid army of General Howard, were drawn up in -'company column" and were thus dis- posed when the unexpected and totally disas- trous attack was made. The route was com- plete, but Mr. Arnold succeeded in preserving the discipline of his squad and the handful of men separated from the command, held tliem- selves in readniess for duty. General Schurz noticed and called to them to "stand firm." There will always be a question about the gen- eralship of that day among the diso ganized soldiery, but tiie little squad from the 26th Wisconsin was in hot battle all tlirough the contest. On tlie first day of the battle of Gettysburg, Mr. A mold was made prisoners of war by the 21st Georgia Infantry, under General Early. His regiment left Eminettsburg July 1st to join the forces under General Meade. On reaching the suburbs of Gettysburg the roaring of the cannon told the story of the situation. The command crossed the town and were ordered at once into the fight. Their onset with the rebels took place at close range, and with such dis- astrous results that the order to retreat followed. In the rush, Mr. Arnold was hurled to the ground and the Major of the regiment and a comrade fell above him,, both wounded. He released himself to be greeted with an order to surrender or die. He did the former, and was marched to the rear with a crowd of other ))ris- oner. Unseen by the guard, he contrived to secrete his revolver and, after dark, he took it apart, separating it into as many pieces as possible to prevent the rebels making use of any portion of it. He distributed tlie fragments among his friends and afterwards reconstructed the weapon. On the following morning, parole was offered to the prisoners, but on consulation witii the ofiicers it was decided to reject it, as the Government discountenanced the method. Accordingly the thousands of captives of a bogus government started to march to Staun- ton, Va., a distance of 170 miles. The march occupied 16 days and, July ISth, tliey reached their point of destination, worn out with the privations and hardships they had encountered, to be stripped of their equipments. They were left to camp in the open field, without protec- tion from the heat, rain or dew. During the next four days 3,100 men were sent to Rich- mond by rail. Mr. Arnold was among those who stayed at Staunton until Aug. 4th, when, with others, he was placed in a freight car loaded with human beings. On their arrival at Richmond the next morning, the officers were sent to Libbj' and privates were placed for a few hours in the tobacco warehouse, where there was neither light nor ventilation and the suttering was intense. They were sent thence to Belle Isle in the .James River. A whole day passed without food. When they did get it, it was meagre in the extreme. Their daily i-ations were about the same as at first, except when the Richmond " ladies " stole their bread on its way to them. But gradually the supply became reduced in quantity and quality, until they ate raw sweet potatoes, corn bread, mice ancl rats. A dog on the premises was killed and its supposed destroyers were condemned to eat its flesh as a punishment. They did so with great satisfaction and asked for the remainder of the dog. Salt sold for 25 cents for a small spoonful. It was a common thing to see men eat ti e rations of sick soldiers, who had swal- lowed them to poor purpose. Men died hourly and no day passed without a brutal murder. Batteries were brought into range, should the prisoners make an attempt to escape. At Christmas their numbers had been so much in- creased by additional prisoners that it was no longer possible for the rebels to count them, and Mr. Arnold took advantage of the fact to draw rations for the squad which he controlled making no deductions for the losses. Thus he drew supplies for 83 men and divided the spoils among 50 poor wretches, thereby keeping them alive. One of the horrors mentioned is, that at one time the dead lay outside of the tents un- buried for 14 days. Their perishing faces were devoured by a drove of hog.s, and the sol- diers, unable to bear the sight any longer, appealed to the commandant at Belle Isle. Two days later the burial took place. Can it be wondered that Belle Isle was called Camp Hell and that its occupants fell into a state of existence below that of beasts? Can those who read these words imagine what joy filled the hearts of the paroled prisoners on the morning of March 7th, 1864, when their eyes saw the Stars and Stripes floating from the masthead of the truce boat, " City of New York ", and they realized that their sufferings were ended ? In December, 1883, Mr. Arnold was elected PERSONAL RECORDS. 659 Senior Vice-Commander ol' O.slikusli I'usL, urnl was re-elected the year following. In December, 1885, he was elected Post Commander and was made his own successor in December, 1886. Mr. Arnold is of unnii.xed German extrac- tion, his parents, Fredericic and Margaret (Mark) Arnold, being of Bavarian hiilli. The former came to America in iSoG and the latter several years later. They were married in this country and became the parents of seven childi-en, Joseph being the second in order of birth. The mother is yet living. The son passed some years subsecjueut to his return from the army in various business interests and in 1872 embarked in the enterprise which he has since prosecuted with success — that of bottling min- eral waters. He was married in 1869 to Matilda, daughter of Win. and Sarah (Slack) Moss. Mrs. Arnold is of pure Euglisii descent, her parents having been born in England. The family in- cludes a quartette of daughters — Nellie Pearl, Lizzie May, Olive Etta and Florence Moss. Mr. Arnold has served two years in the capacity of Alderman of the Second Ward of Oshkosh. •.^>S>-J>i>j^^<5<^>tf5<^ (^ I ?) men I M. was =^ FRANK COOLEY, of Plover, Wis., member of G. A 11. Post No. 149, born Sept. S, 1823, at Pompey, Onondaga count}^ New York. His pai'ents, Lewis and Sophia (Brewer) Cooley, were residents of Massachusetts, and removed from Long Meadow in that State before 1800, locating at Pompey, where they were among the first settlers, and where they passed the re- mainder of their lives. The father was about 95 years old at tlie time of his death, and his wife, who survived him a few years, was about the same age at the time of her decease. Mr. Cooley of this sketch was the youngest of eight children, and he passed his early days on his father's farm. He was sent later to the acad- emy at Manlius, an adjoining town, and was graduated. He securetl a position as clerk in a store in that place and, when about 18 years old, accepted a situation in the office of his cousin, a ship owner at Philadelphia, and remained in his employ as a collecting clerk, and perform- ing clerical duty about two years. At the re- quest of his brother, who was a contractor of extended business relations, he returned to the homestead to manage the interests of his pa- i'ents, and take care of them in their old age, and when he was about 21 years old, he mar- ried Ro.setta B. Benedict, who lived in the ad- joining town of Fabius. The next year, Mr. Gooiey came to Wisconsin and engaged in the management of the agricultural interest of his brother-in-law, who had purchased a tract of land near the present city of Kenosha, and conducted the relations of the estate three years succeeding the admission of Wisconsin to the Union. He had a wife and child and started from his native State, travelling on the Erie Canal to Buffalo, where he took a steamer and proceeded the length of Lake Erie, traversing Lakes Huron and Michigan to Kenosha, or, as it was then called, Soutliport. He conducted his agricultural duties in tlie proper season and taught school winters, during which time he was elected Superintendent of the schools in Kenosha county. He followed these alternate employments seven years, when he became proprietary owner of a tract of land in the same township, and continued teaching winters. By this time he was quite at home, in consid- eration of the fact that many of his former neighbors in the East resumed the same rela- tians by a removal to his vicinity. He sold his interest there about 1855, and went to New Lon- don with his family and household effects, moving with ox-teams. The now attractive and progressive place was a small trading-post on the Wolf River, which was visited at intervals by a small steamer running from Oshkosh. He built a number of houses there, and in the fol- lowing winter engaged in teaching. For a term of years he managed a hotel in New Lon- don, and again engaged in teaching, in which he was occupied until he enlisted, .Jan. 4, 1864, at Appleton, and was assigned to Company L 3rd Wisconsin Cavalry, Captain Conkey. (See sketch.) Soon after his enrollment he was sent by his commanding officer to Madison, and there opened a recruiting office and continued to op- erate as head clerk for Captain Conkey, and was occupied in the work of preparing muster rolls until he was detailed by the Provost .Marshal to assist the paymaster. Major Morgan L. Martin, his specific duty being the payment of the Wis- consin soldiers, who were i-e-enlisting as veter- ans. On one occasion he was sent with an- other clerk to the bank to borrow $10,000 for this purpose, and it was obtained in State 6()0 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF money of all denominations, and Mr. Cooley and liis associate were engaged about three weeks in couniing it. April 19, 1864, the order for all able-bodied men to report to their respect- ive commands, for duty was promulgated, and Mr. Cooley was sent with a squad to Fort Leav- enworth, where he arrived with his charge and reported to the officer in command. He wiis detailed to act in the capacity of cliief clerk in A. G. 0. of the Department of Kansas, Major Gen. Curtiss, commanding. He was in that position when Lincoln was assassinated and, soon after, received an order from the Secretary of War to I'eport to Washington for duty. Upo i his ar- rival, lie was ordered to report toQuarlermaster General Meigs for duty, and was assigned to service in the clothing department under tliat official. He acted as a clerk in the settlement of accounts, and was so employed until the ex- piration of his term of enlisment, when he was mustered out at Madison, and discharged in October, 1865. He i-eturiied to New London, and was variously engaged tiiere as a book- keeper and clerk and operating as contractor for the M. L. S. & W. R. R., from New London to Clintonville. In September, 1877, he removed to Plover and engaged in his present business as hotel-keeper, purchasing the Empire House there. He has conducted a pojiular and pros- perous business in that line ever since. Mr.aiid Mrs.Cooley have five children. Charles F. is a carpenter at Rhiiielander. W. H. Cooley is a prominent conductor on the C. & N. W. R. R. Emma N. married Charles Vesey, of Plover. Frank L. is a decorator and lives at Plover. Addie is also residing with her pa- rents. Mr. Cooley is a prominent and efficient member of the G. A. R. Post at Plover, and is interested in all matters ))ertaiiiiiig to the af- fairs of the old soldiers. He has held numer- ous offices in his town and is at present (1888) a Justice of the Peace. OHN H. OTTO, a resident of Vesper, Wood Co., Wisconsin, and a former sol- dier of the civil war, was born Sept. 12th, 1822, in Prussia. His father, Joseph Otto, after being pressed into the French army hy Napoleon 1st, passed through the hor- rible campaign of the French army in Russia during the winter 1812-1813. After the re- treat he deserted the French, enlisted in the Prussian Army and fouglit against Napoleon at Leipzig, Ligny and Waterloo. His son, John H. Otto served five years in the Prussian Army, acting two years as 1st Lieutenant. He took part in the first war of Prussia against Den- mark in 1877, also in the war of the Revolu- tion in Baden in 184^, under Prince William, late Emperor of Germany. In 1853, he re- moved to America and located in New York City. In 1854 he went to Wisconsin and made Applelon his home. He engaged in the cabi- net business until August 12tli, 1862, when he enlisted in Company D, 21st Wisconsin Infan- try for three years. He was mustered in as 3rd Sergeant Sept. 5th, 1862. He took part in all the battles and engagements of his regi- ment, viz : Perryville, Stone River, Chicka- mauga, Resaca, Peach Tree Creek, Jonesboro and Bentonvilleand numerous smaller engage- ments. After the battle of Perryville, Oct. 8th, 1862, he was promoted to 1st Sergeant. He was promoted 2nd Lieutenant to date from Nov. 22nd, 1862, was promoted to 1st Lieutenant Nov. 28tli, 1864, at Savannah, Ga., and made Captain, April 28th, 1865, at Richmond, Va. He was in command of his Company from the battle of Chickamauga, Sept 19-20, 1863, until the close of the war. During that memorable cold winter of 1863-4, his regiment was sta- tioned on Lookout Mountain. He was one of those lucky fellows who never lost a day's ser- vice and was discharged with the regiment June 8th, 1865, at Washington, D. C, and mus- tered out at Camp Wasiiburn, Milwaukee, June 19th, lS6i. After his return to Appleton he engaged in the hardware trade of which he disposed by sale and accepted the assistant post- mastership at Appleton from 1868 to 1874. He removed to Vesper, Wood Co., Wis., in 1877, where he engaged in farming. His family consisted of a wife and nine children, one of whom died when two years old. Five ol the children were born before the war. EV. J. H. H. BIERBAUM, a clergy- man of Cecil, Wis., and a former soldier of the civil war, was born Oct. 7, 1841, in Femme Osage, St. Charles Co., Missouri, and is the son of Adolph and Mary (Foderhase) Bierbaum. His father PERSONAL RECORDS. 661 was a native of Germany, where he was bred in the manner in which every male child is reared under the laws of " Der Faderland." He was a tailor by calling and after coming to Missouri he became a farmer, in wiiich voca- tion be passed his life after coming to America. He was a man of cultivation and gave his children good educations. Mr. Bierbaum at- tended the Missouri College until the war, and was only 19 years old when tbe troubles in his native State began. Two alternatives lay before him — fight for or against tbe confederacy and be chose tbe latter with- out considering the former. In tbe statisti- cal history coiniected with this work, the service performed in Missouri by the vari- ous regiments raised within her borders for the Union service is, of necessity, faintly outlined. But only those who served or suffered for principles' sake knew what it was to be a Union man in a State which had been the stamping ground of secession for years. The history of that element in Missouri during tbe discussions in Congress, tbe Kansas (iifficulties and tbe en- actment of laws touching the vexed question of slavery in the territories is one that will engage the attention of statesmen and students of his- tory through many decades of the future; and tbe qualit}' of the patriotism which sustained a Union man who took up arms at the very out- set of the internecine ditiiculties in Ijebalf of liberty will be fully api)reciated. Mr. Bierbaum enlisted Sept. 20, 1860, in Company E, Missouri Infantry in the regiment of Colonel Arnold Krekel at St. Charles, Mo., and was discharged in February, LS61, in ac- cordance with an order from Uie Department abolishing the command. In August, 1862, Mr. Bierbaum re-enlisted in tbe State Militia at Marthasville, Mo. He had been, meanwhile, in tbe midst of tbe activities consequent on the struggle of Governor Jackson to com- pel Missouri to follow other slave States in- to secession, and had been a witness of much that had transpired in his native county. After be enlLsted regularly in the Missouri Volunteers and Militia be was in constant action. On the organization of his company he was made Corporal and afterwards was promoted to Sergeant, passing tbe grades of promotion until be became 1st Lieutenant and in 1863 was made Captain of bis company. He was in tbe sharp actions at Mexico, Wright City and Fulton and in numerous skirmishes between the local guerrillas and the Union enrolled troops of Mi.s.souri. His brother Frank enlisted at the same time with himself, was hurl in action at Wright City, and died afterwards. The service differed in some respects from that in tbe regiments of tbe general Government and included bowie knife practice as well as shot gun activities and required men who under- stood tactics not laid down in Hardee andotiier works on military ni.struction. But Mr. Bier- baum lived to see his native State free from tbe element of bushwhackers and guerrillas, and bad the satisfaction of knowing that he did his share to establish law and order in the verv heart of discord and disrule. During the waV he was twice slightly wounded and contracted measles and rbeuma'ism from the effects of which disea.ses he has continued to suffer since. After partial recovery in 1864 and 1865 he weighed 94 pounds; his present weight is 208 pounds. (1888.) After the war was over he resumed bis studies for the ministry of the gospel at the Missouri Seminary and was a student there until May, 1868, when he was ordained by tbe Evangelical Synod of North America and settled in She- boygan, Wiscon.sin. In 1873 he changed his tield of labor to New Holstein where he preached four years. In 1877 be removed to Cecil where he has since officiated. The field of his opera- tions includes a radius of about 20 miles and his influence is of far greater extent, as he pos- sessess the character in bis good work which he displa^'ed in his contest with rebellion. He is a man of e-\cellent business capacity and com- bines executive ability of a high order with his versatile qualifications. He was married Sept. 20, 1870 to Pauline Fiebig, and they have had 12 children, eight of whom have pa.ssed to tbe land of tbe Hereafter. The oldest son, Arminius, born July 5, 1871, died Aug. 28, 1887, of heart disease at the age of 16 years. He was a boy of great jjromise and tbe jiride of his parents. »^<^<=i«f- 1^0 RANK RATHERMEL, a resident at ^^^=^ Plainfield, Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 197, was born April 3, 1825, in the city of New York. He is the son of Frank and Catherine (Mosser) Rather- 6(32 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF niel, and liis father was a musician hy profession. He was a native of New Yorlc and belonged to the orcliestra attaclied to the tlieatre, which was owned by Jolm Jacob Astor and his son, and is still in possession of the contracts signed by suc- cessive managers of that place of amusement. He died of yellow fever when his son was a year and a half old, after which the latter went with Ins niother to Orange county, New York, where she died when Frank was 13 years old. The latter lived on a farm until he was old enough to learn a trade and set out in life as a black- smith. He was married in 1846 to Adeline Stage in Duche.ss county. New York, and they removed West with their two cluldren in 1849, and located in Waushara county. They set- tled on a piece of new land which they cleared and on it raised one of the first crops planted in Waushara county. In 1851, in company with three companions, he crossed the plains to California, the party driving four yoke of oxen. After a stay of 18 months, Mr. Ratliermel re- turned by way of the Isthmus of Panama. During his stay in California, he worked as a blacksmith, and on his return traded off his farm at Wautoma and located in Plaintield, where he has since resided. October 8, 1864, he enlisted in Company I, 1st Wisconsin Heavy Artillery for three years. After the command reached Washington, it was assigned to garrison iluty at Fort Lyon near Alexandria, where Mr. Ratliermel received infantry equipments and was drilled in that variety of military tactics as well as those of light and heavy artillery as he was likely to require a perfect knowledge of either variety of tactics at a moment's notice in the defense of Washington, or to be ordered to any locality where active warfare was in progress. But Early made it necessary for the defenses of the Capital to retain position in close proximity to tlie city, and Mr. Ratliermel spent most of his time in military drill and garrison duty. After the war, he returned to Waushara county and he has reached one of the best positions in this section of Wisconsin as an agriculturist. When he arrived in Waushara county he had just $15 as a cash capital wherewith to begin the world, and when he located at Wautoma to commence farming his resources were consider- al)ly reduced. But he and his wife gave them- selves courageously to the business of bettering their condition and they own a well-improved farm of 420 acres in Waushara county and a half section in Adams county. The farm in Waushara county is well stocked with all varie- ties of farm animals, with agricultural machin- ery and valuable and appropriate buildings. Mr. Rathermel is a Jackson Democrat and be- lieves the doctrine wholesome for the interests of the countr}\ Mr. and Mrs. Ratliermel have 12 cliildren, 10 of whom are married and set- tled in life. They are named in the order of their birth as follows: Charles, Julia Ann, Elizabeth, Catherine, Hannett, Emmett, Deta, Permelia, Frank, Robert, James and Fred; one died in infancy. -J»t^ -^?»i:>^^><=«f->«^<^ ,.;^^>^RANCIS LUCAS, of Appleton, Wis., was born June 3, 1835, in Medina, Ohio. He came thence with his par- ents to Green Bay, Wis., in 1851. He had the training and instruction of a farmer's ■son, and in his native State was an assistant in a woolen factory. At Green Bay he went into the shingle business, in which he operated five years. From that date to the close of 1861 he was engaged as a sailor on the lakes. Dec. 23, 1861, he enlisted in Company G, 2nd Wisconsin Cavalry, at Green Bay, for three years. He was made Corporal after the formation of the company, and was discharged with honor Dec. 15, 1865, at Madison, Wis. During one year of the time he was connected with the service, he operated as the private Orderly of General Daviess, District Commander, where his regi- ment was stationed. The 2iid Wisconsin Cav- alry was organized and mustered into .service in January, 1862. Company G was assigned to the 1st Battalion, which proceeded to Spring- field, Mo., as escort for General Brown. The first action in which Mr. Lucas took part was at Cotton Plant, Ark., where he was in the skirmish line. The command was subjected to all the embarassment of mismanaging officials and was detailed to service which had little re- lation to the work necessary to be done, and for which it should have been hastened forward. Tn November, 1862, the first regular business as cavalry in general use was entered upon, and the command did excellent service in Missis- sippi. In 1863 the battalion of Mr. Lucas went back to Missouri, and passed the time there for a few months, returning to Arkansas and back PERSONAL RECORDS. 603 again and spending the summer. The work of scouting which he performed, was of the sever- est character. He took part in tlie siege of Vicksburg, and at Jackson, wiiere the 2nd Wis- consin was the only cavahy regiment engaged. After veteranizing, he was engaged in patrol work in Mississippi, and in August he pro- ceeded with the regiment into Texas, marching several hundred miles to Hempstead. In Octo- ber, he went with the command to Austin, where they were mustered out Nov. 15th, turning tlieir horses over to other regiments. They made a foot march to Brennan, a hundred miles, and traveled the remainder of the dis- tance to Madison by rail and steamer. After reaching Wisconsin again, Mr. Lucas went into the shingle business eight niiles from Green Bay, where he and his two brothers owned a mill. They continued the work of man- ufacturing eight years and farmed afterwards until 1884. Then he was engaged as an en- gineer on a steam yacht two seasons. (1884 and 1885.) He went to Appleton in May, 1886. He was married July 11, 1863, to 8arah E. Davis, and they have seven cliildren — Minnie, Fay, Carrie, Evan, May, Ernest Albert and Jessie. Daniel and Nancy (Kisner) Lucas, the parents of Mr. Lucas, were born respectively in Connecticut and Germany. The ancestors in the paternal line were in the Revolution and 1812. Abraham Lucas, his brother, has the gun carried by their grandfather in the former war. It is a smooth-boi'c rifle of the best make of that period, as it was made for him to order. The father of Mrs. Lucas was born in Monroe county, N. Y., of Welch parentage. Two of the brothers of Mrs. Lucas were in the same com- pany and regiment with him, and came home safely, with the exception of a slight injury sus- ■ tained by one of them while on provost guard duty. Their father was a recruit of the 32nd Wisconsin Volunteer Regiment, and died at Fort Howard in 1881. '>i^0>^;«^-<5«f- AURICE MCKENNA, of Fond du Lac, Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 130, was born May 31, 1845, at Springfield, Ahiss., and of Maurice and Mary (Mullane) He was 11 vears old when his is the son McKenna. parents came to Wisconsin in 1854, and bought a farm in Fond du Lac county. He was a boy at school when the war opened and, during its progress, his interest was aroused by succeeding events and only his youth prevented his en- listing. In the spring of 1864, when the 100-day troops were called for he decided that his op- portunity had come. He was then 19 and the natural objections of his parents and friends would be dissipated by the character of tiie ser- vice required and, although he was a member of the graduating class of the high school at Fond du Lac that year and was also a com- petitor for a valuable prize in elocution, he yielded to the spirit of adventure and the en- thusiasm of patriotism which filled tiie air and enlisted May 25, 1864, at Milwaukee in Com- pany I, 39th Wisconsin Infantry, for 100 daj'S. This was the first of the organizations raised in Wisconsin for the special service to which they were assigned and the 39th proceeded from Milwaukee to Memphis in June and was as- signed to a station, as guard and picket and Mr. McKenna was a witness of and a partici- pant in the affair at Memphis caused by the raid of Forrest, August 21, 1864. He relates that the infamous individual who has become historic in the quality of spy, was the object of so much attention and conspicuous .solicitude on the })art of the Union officers that many of the men were jealous of his prominence, but when he disappeared, his true mission was sus- pected, and confirmed when he was discovered riding with Forrest at the head of the rebel column. His body was found by the road side after the repulse. Mr. McKenna was among the pursuers of Forrest and found a silver hunting-case watch and chain which he pre- served as a relic of a rebel cavalryman ; it was still running when found. He saw the body of one rebel who had evidently received a whole volley of musket balls, and the upper part of his body, including his face and head, was completely filled with them. Mr. McKenna accompanied several expeditions into the sur- rounding country, but failed in every ca.se to encounter serious danger or find any great de- gree of adventure to .satisfy his ambition. On one occasion, when they were bringing in a few rebel prisoners, they had difficulty in protecting them from a body of negro troops, who were determined to take revenge for the inas.sacre at Fort Pillow. While at Memphis and off duty, he strolled outside the lines in pursuit of black- 664 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF berries; two soldiers from an Illinois regiment left the lines just before him whom he joined as they were about to raid an orcliard ; they called to him to stand guard while they obtain- ed some apples and about tlu! time they were fairly in the trees, he saw a man in grey with a carbine in his hand rise to his feet in tiie or- chard a few rods from their position ; none of them were armed and Mr. McKenna called out to the marauders that they were in danger. He was on the opposite side of a deep gully in a side hill, and in tlie gully was a high board fence from vvliich a board had i)een torn off to admit of passage. The Ilhnois men dropped quickly from the trees and gained shelter behind the fence. Mr. McKenna was fully exposed to attack and as the rebel raised his carbine in his direction he be- gan to dance in a circle and kept himself in motion while the rebel fired successive sliots which he counted, knowing that when he had fired seven times, the ca^iacity of the missile would be exhausted, and when he had counted seven he ran for camp. While the rebel con- tinued to fire he tried to approach, but Mr Mc- Kenna fell back up the hill, facing him and ready to dodge. He did not enjoy the music of the passing bullets and the time seemed very long before tlie carbine was emptied. After Forrest's attack an expedition was organ- ized to go up the St. P'rancis River with a boat load of supplies. The party comprised about 200 volunteers including \Ir. McKenna and everytliing went smoothly until the steamer struck a snag and l)egan to sink. With the help of some colored troops, the boat was un- loaded and the leak stopped. On the return she was taken in tow by another boat and at a landing where she was taking on wood a squad of concealed guerrillas on the bank opened fire. Not anticipating danger, the men had stacked their arms below and were enjoying themselves on the upper deck. The bank of the river was high and the rebel aim was not low enough to do much damage, but after the first volley scat- tering shots were fired, which were returned as the Union soldiers recovered their arms. The engines were reversed and they dropped down stream with the current and made a landing and pursued the rebels who were not overtaken. A gueri'illa was seen standing behind a log and Mr. McKenna and several of the soldiers fired at him without effect ; finally, a lieuten- ant took a musket, steadied it against tlie cabin door, aimed it deliberately and the man dropped. The night following the sinking of tlie boat, the detail of soldiers was employed in the woods on either bank of the river to guard against guerrillas and were so occupied for se\eral days. When they returned to M' mphis their time had expired and the regiment was gone, but was overtaken at Chicago. Mr. McKenna taught school during the win- ter after his return to Wisconsin and came to Fond du Lac the following spring to re-enlist, but the order to enlist no more men was given. He entered the law office of Coleman et Blair of Fond du Lac and read law under their in- structions. In 1870 he was elected Clerk of the Circuit Court of Fond du Lac county and served in that capacity six years. In June, 1876, he was admitted to i)ractice in the State courts and in 1887 was admitted to the United States courts. On his admission to the Bar he opened a law office at Fond du Lac and with the exception of two years passed in Iowa, he has continued his business as an attorney and, since 1880, has been associated with Henrj^ J. Gerpheide, the firm style being Gerpheide & McKenna. Mr. McKenna has served as Super- visor of his ward two terms to which he has been elected without opposition. Mr. Mc- Kenna has been prominent in the literarj' world since early youth. Also he pul;lished a volume of poetry and after more than a score of years' connection with literature he is com- piling his poetical writings in a volume, now (1888) in the hands of his publishers. He was married August 19, 1875, to Nellie Fagan of Taycheedah and the^' have three children nanaed Minnie, Nora and Estella. ■■-^?«^■•-J»»^^^'^*<^-»<^5*^^• /^^ LISHA P. FERRISS, a prominent citi- I ' * zen of Oniro, Wis., formerly a soldier \v^^2^ and a member of G. A. R. Post, No. 7, was born .June 21, 1845, in Lake county, Ohio. His parents, Richard and Zilpha (Hill) Ferriss, were natives of Vermont. His grandfather Ferriss was a soldier in 1812,and his great grandfather served in the war of the Revo- lution under Ethan Allen and was with that officer at the capture of Ticonderoga. Richard Ferriss was an enlisted man in Company C, 14th Wisconsin Infantry, was wounded at Shiloh and PERSONAL RECORDS. 665 died in the hospital at Cairo, 111., on his way home on a furlough. The brother of Mr. Fer- riss of this sketch enlisted in the first call for troops in April, 1S61 , and was captured in Bank's retreat from the Shenandoah Valley. He was held a prisoner at Libby in Richmond about eight month.s, when he was exchanged and re- turned to his regiment and remained in tlie ser- vice until 1865. When the war closed, he en- listed in the regular service of the United States and was connected with the War Department at Washington six years. Mr. Ferriss was reared a farmer and came to Wisconsin when he was five years old and re- sided in Winneconne until 1875, when he fixed his residence at Omro. He was married in Winneconne Nov. 12, lS65,to .Jennie, daughter of Nelson and Lucy (Jones) Olin. Her parents were natives of the State of New York. Her brother, Uriel P. Olin, enlisted April 18, 1861, in Company B, 2nd Wisconsin Infantry, received several promotions and was killed Sept. 17, 1862, at Antietara and was buried on the battle field. Edwin D. Olin, another brother, enlisted Oct. 15, 1861, as bugler in Company B, 1st Wis- consin Cavalry and was taken i)risoner August 3, 1862, at L'Anguille Ferry, Ark., and paroled, receiving discharge Dec. 23, 1862, while on pa- role. He lives at Cincinnati, Ohio. Mr. and Mrs. Ferriss have seven children. Ida J. mar- ried John Leroy of Omro and they have two children. Hattie M. is a teacher and a prominent worker in temperance matters, be- longing to Omro Lodge, No. 48 I. O. G. T. Ar- temusO., Lucy E., Grace B., Annie B. and Cora L. reside at home. Mr. Ferriss enlisted at Winneconne Septem- ber 4, 1864, as a recruit in Company C, 1st Wisconsin Heavy artillery and joined the regi- ment at Chattanooga, Tenn., and was stationed in that vicinity during his term of service. They were first at Camp Wood and, in Decem- ber, 1864, went to Mouse Creek, where a por- tion of the company had been detailed to repair a wreck on the Chattanooga railroad, a train load of corn having been derailed. While engaged in this work he fell and injured his back per- manently. He was sent to the hospital at Knox- ville, Tenn., and was discharged June 10, 1865, returning to Winneconne. He was permanently crippled and since has been nearly helpless from spinal disease, his back being curved like the letter S. The assault on Mission Ridge was made and the battle fought under the protec- tion of the guns from Fort Wood, November 24, 1864. Politically he is a Republican of the most radical stripe. He owns a valuable loca- tion in Onn-o and is managing a fine garden farm. Plis wife and family are esteemed and beloved, and the household can be classed among the best at Omro. •^^!^->-j»t>«i^^»«5.^-^<=«r- AMES FREEMAN, an attorney at Osh- kosh. Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 241, was born March 19, 1828, at Willoughby, Cayuga Co., Ohio. He is a son of Z. R. S. and Susan (Clark) Free- man, his father being a native of Rutland, Vermont, and his mother of Haddam, Conn. Nathan Freeman, his grandfather, was a sol- dier in the war of the Revolution and was with the Continential army at Valley Forge. His father was a soldier in 1812 and served under General Harrison. The calling of the family to which his mother belonged was that of the seafaring class. The early education of Mr. Freeman was that of the common schools and, afterwards he studied at the North Western University at Kirtland, Ohio. He took a course preparatory to pursuing the profession to which his active life has been devoted. Until he was 14 years old he resided in his native place and in 1842, went to Lake county, Illinois with his parents. After four years he went to Cleveland, Ohio, where he read law with Hon. Samuel Stark- weatlier and contmued in his office until he was admitted to the Bar in- December, 1850. He went thence to Waukogan, Illinois and afterwards to Chicago and was occupied in the business of an attorney until the close of 1854. In December of that year he located his busi- ness and interests at Oshkosh, where he has since remained and has been continuously oc- cupied in the relations of a popular and suc- cessful law practice. Mr. Freeman has always honored his obliga- tions as an American citizen, who represents tiie spirit which fought the wars of indepen- dence and assisted in the adjustment of the af- fairs of the early period of the United States. During the summer of 1862, the feeling that the war was a thing of more moment than had been at first hoped, prevailed among the 666 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF reflective classes and Mr. Freeman deemed it his dut}' to add his influence and effbrts to the suppression of the rebellion, which had stag- nated business and demoralized the issues of of the commonest relations of life. He gave his time to the work of recruiting and led to service Companj^ D, 32nd Wisconsin Regiment. The command went to Memphis and was suc- cessively attached to the Corps of Sherman and to the 16th Army Corps under Gen. Stephen Hurlburt. Afterwards the regiment was as- signed to the 17th Army Corps. Captain Free- man was in all the service which "has been re- lated on numberless pages of this work in the personal narrations of soldiers of the 32nd Wisconsin. He served throughout the war and was mustered out at Milwaukee, June 23, 1865. The character of his record as a soldier is fully delinated in the labors and achieve- ments of the most successful campaign in the history of any country or era and which will live forever on historical pages as " The March to the Sea." -^»t>>»-^»t»^^<^*sf-'<5*f- ANH]L G. KIES, of Plover, Wis., a member of G. A. R. Post No. 149, was born April 2Ist, 1831, in Claren- don, Orleans Co., Now York. He is the sou of Ephraim and Celia (Groves) Kies, who were residents of Orleans county and re- moved thence to Columbia Co., Ohio, when the son was in early youth and remained there until he was 10 years of age. In 1841 they re- moved to Wisconsin, locating in the town of Bristol and thence to Portage, Wisconsin, where the parents both died. The demise of the father occurred when he was 98 years old and tliat of the mother July 14, 1870, when slie was 86 years old. Mr. Kies liad four brotliers in the United States service during the course of the civil war. Orrin James was an enlisted man in Company A, 6th Wisconsin, and was killed at the battle of Antietam Sept. 17, 1862. Marshall enlisted in the same organization, company and regiment, and died at Fredericks- burg May 7, 1862, from a gunshot wound. David enlisted in the 12th Wisconsin Battery and died in Mempiiis, Tenn., March 11, 1863. Samuel Webster enlisted June 6, 1861, in Com- pany A, 6th Wisconsin Infantry, passed through the service in which the Iron Brigade was dis- tinguished in all history, and veteranized. He was mustered out July 14, 1865, and, witli his brother, Mr. Kies of this account, was the only one of the five tliat returned from the war. He died in Dane county, Wisconsin, in 1883. In 1856 Mr. Kies went from home to Minne- sota and was there when the war broke out. He enlisted April 29, 1861, in Company I, 1st Minnesota Infantry and had the honor of be- longing to the regiment that led the roll of honor on the battle field, acknowledged de- servedly as second to none in its record. Its enlisted men and its returned men are men- tioned every memorial day all over the land as conspicuous for their sad contrast. (See sketch of H. 0. Fifield.) Mr. Kies enrolled at Wabe- sha, Minn., for three 3'ears and received honor- able discharge April 29, 1864, at Fort Snelling. He re-enlisted July 22nd following, at St. Paul, Minn., in Company G, 5th Miiuiesota Infantry for one year. He received final discharge July 22, 1865, at Montgomery, Ala. The roster of the battles in whicli Mr. Kies was a participant includes 36 names. The command was one of the first to report for duty at the National Capital and reached the Army of Virginia in time to participate in the battle of July 21st or Bull Run, where it retreated in good order and preserved its organization in the action. It was assigned to the service under Butler and was in the fight at Big Betliel and Yorktown and was transferred to the commands of the successive Generals who manipulated affairs in Virginia and was in every prominent action under Burnside, Hooker, McClellan and Meade and was in numberless actions of lesser moment that are not recorded. At Gettysburg Mr. Kies was wounded and passed a week in the hospital at Georgetown. During the service of the 5th Minnesota he was in the fights at Nashville, Holly Springs, Lone Tree, Shelbyville, Brandy Run, Oxford and Mobile. After the evacuation of the last named city, the regiment went to Montgomery, where news of the surrender of Lee and the assassination of the President was received. After receiving final discharge from the mili- tary service of the country, Mr. Kies returned to Plover and has since resided with his brother Geo. W. Kies. An only sister is the wife of Mr. Stahl of Portage county, Wisconsin, and she has two children. Mr. Kies of this sketch is unmarried. He acts as his brother's assist- PERSONAL RECORDS. 667 ant when so disposed and is resting on his laiirt'ls as a brave and fortunate soldier in the crudest war that ever devastated a country or destroyed household ties, as in his case. AWRENCE LENTEN, of Dale, Wis., was born in Germany, Aug. 5, 1837. His mother died when he was in early childhood, and he came to America when eight years old with his father. They remained in the immediate vicinity of Mil- waukee, where the father was occupied in farming two years. In 1852, another removal was ef- fected to Greenville, Outagamie county, and the son commenced working as a farm hand fey the month, in which he was occupied until 1859, when he became the owner by purchase of the farm, which is still his property, and on which he has made his home ever since. He was married Dec. 25, 1859, to Cornelia Bessie. She was born in the State of New York, of ancestry who participated in the early settlement of the country, and were a part of its struggles and trials. Her brother, Marshal Bessie, enlisted in the 1st Wisconsin Battery, and died at New Or- leans. Mr. and Mrs. Lenten had one child — Hattie — who married Robert Voigt, and resides at home with her father. The mother died June 3, 1866. Mr. Lenten enlisted Aug. 19, 1862, at Medina, Wis., in Company I, 32nd Wisconsin Lifantry. The Captain of his com- pany was George R. Wood, who resigned, and the 1st Lieutenant, Norman H. Whittemore, was promoted to the position. The regiment rendezvoused at Camp Bragg, near Oshkosh, and went thence to Memphis, Tenn., arriving Nov. 3rd. On the 26tli the command started in pursuit of Price and drove him out of Mis- sissippi. The next move was for the rear of Vicksburg, and the regiment went into camp at College Hill, whence they moved on the Oxford raid and were interrupted by the intelligence of the disaster at Holly Springs, and were sent back to take the place and did so. Returning to Memphis the regiment performed provost duty from February to November of the same year, and also scouted after Forrest's guerrillas. The first time Mr. Lenten smelled rebel powder and listened to the whi.stle of rebel bullets was at Favette, where the rear guard of the rebel chief crossed the Wolf River. The affair re- sulted in the capture and wounding of several rebels. Aug. 5, 1864, Mr. Lenten accomjianied his regiment from Decatur, Ala., to Atlanta, and on the 10th day of the month was in the skirmish line. The experience was a terrible one, the two lines being at times not more than four rods apart. After the capture of the city, Mr. Lenten engaged in the construction of hospitals. After leaving Atlanta, he was in the remainder of the progress of the conquering columns to the sea, was in the siege of Savan- nah, and in that vicinity a short time after the capture of the city. He was at Bentonville and in the vicinity of Johnston's surrender, went thence to Washington for the Grand Re- view, and received honorable discharge in Washington, June 12, 1865. Twelve days later he received his pay at Milwaukee. He returned to his home and has since devoted himself to his interests as a man, a citizen and a member of society. When he purchased his farm it was in its primeval condition and he cut the first tree and made the first improvements with own hands. He has had the good ta.ste to add a fine set of buildings and the place is in excellent or- der. Mr. Lenten is Assessor, and has held the office several terms. To him the wife of his young manhood and the partner of his early struggles has never grown old or her memory waned. He is on the sunset side of life and looks forward to rejoining her beyond the river. lEUTENANT HENRY MARKS, resi- dent in Greenville, Wis., was born in J, Germany in 1837. He was reared ac- ^ cording to the customs and laws of his native country, which provided for the train- ing of all male children. At 17 he emigrated to America and went direct to the State of New York, remained two years, and from there .went to Missouri. In 1856 he came thence to Wis- consin and located at Greenville. He engaged in the pursuit of agriculture, in which he passed his life in the prosperitv which follows effort and thrift until he enlisted as a soldier in de- fense of the integrity of his adopted country. Jan. 1, 1862, he enlisted at Greenville, and was enrolled in Company I, 1st Missouri Light Ar- tillerv, and continued his connection with that 668 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF organization until the fall of 1862, when he was transferred to the 12th Wisconsin Battery. He fought in the battles that preceded Corinth, and also in the battle of Farinington and, soon after the latter, was promoted to Corporal, and after a further service of five naonths was made Ser- geant. In the fight at Altoona, where his bat^ teiy was attached to the command of the gallant and well-beloved General Corse, he was placed in command of a gun in position to command a passage over a line of railroad. The firing was hot and all his men were either killed or disabled by a rebel who had secreted himself behind a log, and succeeded in picking them off, and he had just carried the last wounded man to a ravine for safety, when he was met by a colonel of the 4th Minnesota Infantry, who told him the gun must be kept going at all hazards. Respond- ing that he would do his best, although the oi'der meant tiie management of a 12-pound howitzer single-handed, he took his post, loaded his gun with solid sliot, sighted at the log which concealed the rebel, and, with a hope for suc- cess that amounted nearly to a prayer, he fired and his foe set forth on "a quick trip to etern- ity." The gun was worked throughout the en- gagemeiit. Lieutenant Marks served with his battery as Sergeant until January, 1865, when he received his commission of 2nd Lieutenant from Governor Lewis for conspicuous braver^' on the field. He served in the position until his dis- charge June 7, 1865. Lieutenant Marks has been twice inarried. His first wife, Elnora Siebert before marriage, was a native of Canada, and her two children — Amanda and Eliza — died in Greenville. She died in that place Feb. 7, 1873. He was wedded to Lena Schrader, Oct. 24, 1878, at Greenville. Harry and Ella are the names of their children. Lieutenant Marks came to America with only the cajiital of his young manhood's strength, and his thrifty, industrious traits of character, and has carved out for himself a fortune which could have never been his in his native land. He is the owner of a fine farm with excellent buildings, and all appliances for successful agri- culture. He is a Republican in political princi- ple, is regarded with kindly esteem and respect by his neighbors, is a member of the German (Church and belongs to the G. A. R. Post No. 133, at Appleton, Wis. His brother, Theodore, was an enlisted man in the 31st Wisconsin Cav- alry. Fred, another brother, enlisted in a New York battery, and was killed in some battle whose name is unknown to his friends. The family of Mr. Marks — wife and children — are such as to make the home delightful for those who enter its portals, and the daughter and son are receiving a training in accord with the character of the parents. •»-^>»^-i>t^* >C5<^-►>tf5<^-« OSIAH EATON BLACKWOOD, a resi- dent of Appleton, Wis., and a member of G. A . R. Post, Geo. D. Eggleston at that place, was born Oct. 12, 1844, in Charlotte, Washington Co., Maine. His father and mother, Obadiah Allen and Lucy Ann (Ast) Blackwood, were natives respectively of New Brunswick and Maine. When he was six years old they removed to Hortonville, Wis., and there his father engaged in farming, in which vocation he was reared and followed it until he enlisted at the age of 18. He enrolled Jan. 23, 1863, in Compau}' I, 3rd Wisconsin Cavalry as a recruit in the company of Captain Conkey of whom a sketch is given elsewhere. While he was in the capital of Wisconsin awaiting transfer to his regiment he was at- tacked by mumps of the most satisfactory char- acter and measles at the same time and was in the hospital three weeks. In February, 1864, he joined the command at Little Rock, Ark., where he received equipments. He was in the company a few months onlj', it being more than full and was transferred to Company A, and was discharged with it Oct. 1, 1865, at Madison after the end of the war. Soon after joining his command he was sent to Balltown in Missouri where the soldiers were engaged in scouting, picketing, forage and escort duty. In March, 1865, the company was .sent on detached duty to capture a camp of guerrillas 40 miles from Little Rock. The results were disastrous and many were killed and wounded, the Cap- tain among them. In April, the regiment was consolidated mto five companies and Company A became Company K. It was mustered out in September at Fort Leavenworth, and dis- charged in Madison Oct. 1, 1865. The final months of service were passed in work made necessary by the guerrillas and much march- ing was done by the company to which Mr. Blackwood belonged. He returned to Hortonville, and was occu- PERSONAL RECORDS. 669 pied in staging from Sliawano to Appleton eight years. In 1S74 lie removed to New Lon- don where he embarked in the ice business and continued operations tliere 12 years. In 1886 he removed his residence to Appleton vvliere he is still operating in the same line, and has three large warehouses and employs five men and two teams. His marriage to Rosetta Manley took place Nov. 25, 18G7, and they had a daughter — Ro- setta Daisy. The mother died Jan. 22, 1870, and Mr. Blackwood was married March 4, 1871, to Emma Jane Foster. Their children are El- mer B. and Ella May. Mr. Blackwood came of fighting stock, his grandfathers having been soldiers in the wars with Great Britain — 177G and 1812. He was a charter member of Post Henry Turner, No. 46, at New London, named for a Captain of the 21st Wisconsin, formerly a resident at Apple- ton. On the side of his mother he is of mixed German and English descent. The former Mrs. Blackwood's parents were natives of Ohio and pioneers of that State. The parents of the present wife were natives of the State of New York. ZIAS M. SHARON, a resident at Gravesville, Calumet county, Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 205, was born July 7, 1843, at Lyme, Jefferson Co., New York, and he is the son of Dennis and Mary Ann (Whitney) Sliaron. He accompanied his father to Rock county, Wis- consin, in 1853, his mother having died in 1843, the same year in which the son was born. In 1857 the father and son located at Graves- ville where the former died in 1873. Mr. Sharon was only a youth when the war of the rebellion came on and he enlisted a few days after the attack on the United States flag in Charleston harbor, in the first company raised in the countj^ and which was designed for ser- vice in the three months call, for troops. The quota of the State was filled when the Gover- nor was notified of the completion of the organ- ization and the members, almost to a man, re-enlisted for three years and the company was assigned to the 4th Wisconsin Infantry as Company K. The first enlistment of Mr. Sharon was April 25, 1861, and his second, May 8, 1861. The outline of his service in- cludes his transfer from the regimental rendez- vous at Camp Utley, Racine, to Baltimore (see sketch of Stewart Newell) where he was on guard duty and he went with the command to Ship Island and thence to the mouth of the Mississippi and, after the surrender of the two forts, went to New Orleans He was in the devastating progress to Baton Rouge and in the first expedition to Vicksburg and was in tlie skirmish at Warrenton and on the return participated in the attack on Grand Gulf. In the next e.xpedition to \'icksburg he helped to destroy Grand Gulf and afterwards worked on Butler's canal. He was in the fight at Baton Rouge, performed garrison duty at Carroltou and fougiit the guerrillas at Bonne Carre Point and went again to Baton Rouge and afterwards to Bayou PhKiuemine. He was in the attacks on Port Hudson and went to Berwick Bay and fought in the battle of Bisland and in the skir- mishes and service after the regiment was con- verted into cavalry. Mr. Sharon served through the whole period of his enlistment and veteranized at Baton Rouge in March, 1864. He was promoted to Sergeant and August 22, 1865, was transferred to Company D, and was mustered out with his regiment May 28, 1866, in Texas. He was the only man of the orignial company who was in the ranks, the balance having been discharged, transferred or passed over to the Great Majority. Since his return to Wisconsin Mr. Sharon has worked as a carpenter and is at present in the employ of the manufacturing firm of Dorshel, Schultz & Co. at Chilton. He was married Nov. 18, 1870, to Emily Wilbur of Charlestown, Calumet county, and their five children were born as follows: — Lillian E., Nov. 30, 1871; John W., in November, 1875; Charles A., April 1, 1879 ; Lottie, May 14, 1884; Marlea, Dec. 14, 1886. ♦-j>f^'-^!»S^jiNfe«^5*f-*>^*cf-» ^j^REDERICK WILLIAM JOHN, a citi- zen of Gillett, Wis., and a former sol- dier of the Union was born Marcii 3, 1827, in Prussia. He is the son of Ludovick and .Justina (Schule) John. His father was a soldier in the Allied Army and 670 SOLDIEtiS' ALBUM OF was 18 when he was conscripted according to the laws of his native country and was in the force that marched to Paris after tiie treaty of peace was signed. He fought at Leipsic, Austerhtz and Waterloo. The grandfather of Mr. John was in the service of Frederick the Great of Prussia 56 years and when he had been con- nected with the German armj' lialf a century received a gold medal from his sovereign. A brother of Mr. John, named August, resides in Iowa. Mr. Jolni was reared in his native country and educated according to the customs there, and when lie arrived at a suitable age he en- tered the German army. He was assigned to the squad of Corporal Obest under Commander Bareli and ReitmasterVadel. The assignment by regiment was the 6th, which was known as the " Steel " regiment from tlie soldiers of that com- mand wearing steel breastplates. It was also call- ed the " Nicholas" regiment, tlie crown prince commanding it in person. He received three flesh wounds in the course of his five years' ser- vice. In 1852 he came to America and located in Oconto Co., Wisconsin. For 22 years he was engaged in the various branches of lumbering in Wisconsin and when he entered upon the career of a farmer he set- tled on tlie farm on which he now resides. He enlisted in July, 1864, in Company G, 38th Wisconsin Infantry at Oconto for one year, and on the formation of liis company was made 5th Sergeant. He received honorable discharge at Washington in June, 1865. The regiment left the State in May, 1864, going to the Capital from Camp Randall, Madison, after four weeks. Soon after arriving at Washington, they went to City Point, Va., and thence to the Wilderness and was first detailed as escort to supply trains to Cold Harbor. They led the advance in Grant's flanking movement to the rear of Richmond, marching day and night until they arrived at Petersburg. They went immediately into ac- tion and were constantly engaged fighting by day, and rebuilding earthworks and fortifica- tions by night, and Mr. John joined the com- mand in time to witness the explosion of the mine July SOtli. The regiment was then re- lieved, and, in August, Mr. John was in battle on the Weldon railroad. He fought at Ream's Station and at Poplar Grove Church and at Hatcher's Run where the 37th and 3Sth Wis- consin were engaged in brisk skirmishing. The 38th went next to Petersburg and in the spring was in the movements through March and in the battle at Five Forks. Mr. John was in the assault at Fort Mahoiie and Fort Sedg- wick and entered Petersburg after their capture. After the pursuit he returned to Petersburg and marched thence to Tenallytown where he went into camp. In tlie Grand Review at Washing- ton, the 38th led tiie advance and returned to Wisconsin to be disbanded. Mr. John was married in 1850 to Henrietta Vokes who died within 2 years. Mr. John was again married to Johanna Deadrech, a native of Brunswick. (Germany.) They have five liv- ing children. Clara died when 32 years old. Mr. John has served three years as Town Treas- urer, Assessor one year, Supervi.sor three years and School Treasurer, 16 years. ■»-Jw:^-^«^ j^^<=«f . |^5<^-^ LONZO D. SCRIBNER, a resident of Remington, Wis., and formerly a sol- dier of the civil war, was born Feb. 10, 1837, in Beekmantown, Clinton Co., New York. He is the son of Lucius and Evaline (Aldridge) Scribner, and his grand- father, Martin Aldridge, was a soldier of the war of 1812. Mr. Scribner removed from the State of his nativity in 1856, to Peru, III., and thence to Wisconsin in 1858. He returned to Illinois in 1861 and enlisted at Peru Aug. 14, 1862, in Company K, 104tli Illinois Infantry for three years, and received honorable dis- charge July 14, 1865, at Springfield, 111. April 22, 1864, he was transferred to the 15tli Bat- talion, Veteran Reserve Corps. Mr. Scribner's regiment was attached to the Army of the Cumberland and he was in all the actions in which it was involved, inctluding Perryville, Stone River, Tullahoma and Chickaniauga, where he was wounded in the back and in the chest. His ribs were severed from the spine and he was taken to the hospital at Chatta- nooga, was compelled to remain in a recumbent position nine months, and did not leave his bed for two months more. He was removed from Chattanooga to hospital No. 17 at Nashville, and was there transferred to the Veteran Re- serve Corps. After he was injured, he per- formed no more military duty in the field, but was on guard at Nashville where he was in the trenches with the convalescents in the assault PERSONAL RECORDS. 671 of Hood, and a ball passed so close to the top of his head as to graze the skin. He returned after the war to Wisconsin. Before the war he operated as a carpenter and, since his removal to Wisconsin, has been interested in farming and owns a valuable cranberry marsh, contain- ing 480 acres on sections 8, 18, 7 and 5 in Town 21, Range 3. The average yield of fruit from the marsh is about 500 barrels year- ly, and in 1885 he harvested 850 barrels. He was married Nov. 20tli, 1873, to Susie Baker. Two of the brothers of Mrs. Scribner, George and Charlie, were soldiers in the United States service through the war. •-i>i>-j:»t^^^>^5«f-.t> -^t>i^^<5*f-. <5,t- APTAIN WELCOME HYDE, of Appleton, Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 133, was born May 23, 1824, in Milton, Chittenden Co., Vermont. He is the son of Eli and Polly (Campbell) Hyde, the former being a native of Connecticut and descended from lineage dating back to the early days in tliat State and originally English. The father fought in the battle of Plattsburg in the second war with Great Britain, and drew aland warrant for his services. His father was a patriot of the Revolution and several ancestors belonging to the generations of both periods were soldiers in the establishment and main- tenance of the Government. The mother of Captain Hyde was born in Brattleboro, Ver- mont, and was the daughter of a soldier of the Revolution, who fought therein several con- secutive years. The Campbell family belongs to the earliest history of the country. They are originally of Scotch descent and are of the ■ clan Campbell lineage of historical renown. Welcome Hyde was brought up to the age of twelve or thirteen in Milton and was a pupil in the common schools. His father removed his family and interests to Oliio in 1838, where he entered the Rock River Seminary as a student. Completing his studies there, he obtained a situation to teach in Edgar county, Illinois, where he was occupied a year and a half. He utilized his earnings as a teacher in the pur- chase of cattle which he drove to Wisconsin in the fall of 184() and located in Sheboygan, where he remained a year and became a citizen. In that year the people of Wisconsin voted in favor of a State Government and Captain Hyde was one of the voters. Soon after, he removed to Winnebago county near Oslikosh and made the afquaintance of Philetus Sawyer. (See sketch.) Captain Hyde was a young man who had used his eyes and opportunities to good purpose and had thoroughly qualified himself as a surveyor. He entered the employ of Mr. Sawyer and operated in his interests in explor- ing the forests of Wisconsin to locate pine lands, a business for which his abilities and education specially fitted him. After a devoted service of about eight years he commenced operations in his own behalf and in 1854 he began locating land and became the posessor of a farm on the limits ot Outagamie and Waupaca counties. The unsettled state of tiie country made it in- cumbent on him to conduct a place of public entertainment and this, in connection witli other bui5ine.ss interests, formed the nucleus of the means to pusli his business. He has since been interested in dealing in real estate and in pine lands. He enlisted in January, 1862, in the lith Wisconsin Infantry, the Irish regiment of Wis- consin. He enrolled at Appleton and, on the organization of Company K, was made its Cap- tain. He accompanied the command to St. Louis and proceeded from Benton Barracks up the Tennessee River, in April to Pittsburg Landing and moved thence to the vicinity of Corinth, preparatory to the action there. The summer was passed in an unhealthy locality and there Caj)tain Hyde {tarticipated iu the duties of the siege and was in the advance in the occupation of the town. On one occasion, while engaged in a lively scrimmage with Rich- ardson's guerrillas he was captured and held a prisoner of war 17 days. At the end of that time he took advantage of a mere chance for escape and succeeded in making his way to the Union lines by running througli a piece of woods at an unexpected time and showing the quality of sinew developed in a Wisconsin woodsman. Captain Hyde afterwards became ill, and resigned his commission iu September 674 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF of the same year. He returned to Appletoii and resumed his former business interests. He was married May 14th, 1846, to Sarah Merckley. Her father, Frederick Mercklej', was born in Kentucky of German Hneage. Her maternal grandfather, Thomas Gill, was a mem- ber of a slave-holding family in Kentucky and left tlie Blue Grass State to locate at Palestine, 111., on account of his principles, which were averse to ownership of property in man. Mrs. Hyde was born in Palestine. Her paternal grandfather was a native of Pennsylvania and represented the stock known to history as Pennsylvania Dutch. Thomas Merckley, the brother of Mrs. Hyde, was prominent, in his connection with the war in its early period. He raised a company at Hudsonville, 111., and was killed in liis first action at Belmont, where he fell wliile leading a charge. His body was sent to his home, where he received all possible honors as a soldier and citizen. Captain and Mrs. Hyde have three childi'en. Frederick Merckley married Libbie Clark and tlieir child's name is Eddie. De Forrest Mills married Inez Angel and they have a daughter. Francis Sarah married James Simpson and her sons are named Earl and Lee. The portrait which is presented in connection with this sketch of Captain Welcome Hyde is a copy of a photograph taken in 188S, and appears on page 672. ¥ -^>t^-^>t^^^^^ X Thomas S. MCMURRA.Y, a resident q) of Cecil, Shawano Co., Wisconsin, and ' formerl}^ a soldier in the civil war, was born Feb. 2, 1842, in the city of New York. He is the son of Thomas and Eliza- beth (Smith) McMurray, and they resided with their family in Hancock, Delaware Co., New York. The son went to Scranton, Pennsylvania, when tiie war of the rebellion broke out and there enlisted Feb. 6, 1862, in Company B, 2nd Pennsylvania Cavalry as a recruit, for three years or during the war. He enrolled at Scran- ton four days after he became 20 j'cars old. He was promoted to Corporal in 1864 and afterwards to Sergeant and received honorable discharge at Warrenton, Va., to i"e-enlist in the same com- mand and he again enrolled on the following day. The 2nd Pennsylvania Cavalry was at- tached to the Armies of Virginia and of the Potomac throughout the period of its service, which was of the most ai'duous character and in- volved all that pertained to the cavalry service in that section, where activities were constantly in progress in the district lying between the Keystone State and Richmond. During the raids on which Mr. McMurray was sent with his command he was often in the saddle for a week at a time with little intermission save such as necessity demanded, and he experienced the privations and hardships always pertaining to sucli service. He was in numerous engagements along^the Rappahannock and Rapidan Rivers, at Bull's Run and Occoquon Creek and on the Weldon railroad, and, during the activities con- nected with the destruction of the latter in June, 1864, he was injured, receiving a bullet wound in his left thigh June 28th, and was sent to hospital in camp for a time and afterwards to hospital at Willett's Point, Long Island, thence to Satterlee Hospital, West Philadelphia, Pa. On his recovery he rejoined his regiment and was finally mustered out of the service at Cloud's Mills, Va., and discharged at Camp Cadwalader, Philadelphia. He performed much detached duty and on one occasion, while carrying a dis- patch for General McLain to the outer picket at Buckley's Mills, Va., while lying in the woods he was poisoned by some reptile or poisonous substance or plant, in the severest manner and has suffered a constant recurrence of the effects eveiy succeeding year at the same season. After the end of tlie war Mr. McMurray re- turned to his home in Hancock, New York, and thence to Pennsylvania. He was still a very young man, witii his life before him and en- gaged in labor as a carpenter and builder, in which he has been principally occupied. In 1886 he came West, locating at Owasso, Michi- gan, and later went to Peshtigo, Wis., where he was a resident until after the great fire at that place in 1871, when he removed to Seymour, Wis., and in 1884 located where he now resides. He is a prominent man in honorable reputation and is serving his generation in the capacity of postmaster at Cecil. Sept. 25, 1870, he was married to Flora F. Mc- Donell of Peshtigo. Wherever he has lived Mr. McMurray has established his character for integrity and uprightness and has received the recognition a man enjoys, who has striven to PERSONAL RECORDS. 675 deserve the good opinion of his fellovvmen. He has served as Justice of the Peace and is a Re- pubhcan of decided principles. OB BOUND, .Jr., a resident at Plainfield, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 197, was born Oct. 4, 18o4, in Broome Co., New York, and is the son of Job and Sarah (Sparks) Bound. He lived in his native State until he was 20 j'cars old, when he came to Wisconsin and he reached Berlin, April 25th of that year. Soon after, he went to Waushara county, where he engaged in farming in the vicinity of Plainfield in the spring of 185."), and he was occupied in that business until he be- came a soldier. He enlisted .Jan. 30, 1SC4, at Pine Grove, Waushara county, in the Stii Bat- tery, Wisconsin Light Artillery, for three years. Mr. Bound enlisted as a recruit and joined the command at Nashville, wiiere it had been assigned to the Artillery Reserve and where the battery was newly equipped on the arrival of the veterans and recruits. The command was stationed at Fort Rosecrans, where the sol- diers wei'e in action at Murfreesboro in the attack l)y the cavalry of Forrest and Wiieeler when Hood was running through Tennessee. Mr. Bound received his discharge Aug. 5, 1865, at the close of the war. He returned to Plain- field and has become one of the substantial farmers in that locality. Mr. Bound was married Nov. 11, 1860, to Caroline Walker of Plainfield and their only child is named Mary Ann. »i^^««5<^*ff;«f-<- BRAM LANSING, of Appleton, Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 133, was born April 26, 1822, in Madison Co., New York. He is a son of Cor- nelius and Katie (Pease) Lansing and came to Wisconsin in 1856. He enlisted Aug 25, 1864, at Oshkosh, Wis., in Com{)any E, otli Wisconsin Infantry. The organization was the re-constructed "Old Filtli" and the companies joined the veterans and re- cruits of the former organization at Winchester. They received their equipments at Wa.shingtou and remained at Alexandria about two weeks, and went thence to Cedar Creek, where they made connection with the command of Slier- idan. In December they joined the army of Grant and were stationed in front of Peters- burg until February when Mr. Lansing was in the fight at Hatcher's Run. He was in the action at Fort Fisher and, on the second day of April, was in the charge at Petersburg ; on the 6th da\' of April he was in the fight at Little Sailor's Greek where the company suffered severely. He returned to Wilson's Station in a worn out condition from severe marching in the pursuit of Lee and received discharge for disability, May 17, 1865, and returned home. He received no wound, but a bullet passed through his belt while loading his gun and, dropping his knapsack, he threw away his whole outfit and went to the rear. At Fort Fisher Mr. Lansing was the second man that entered the fort afler the surrender. After the war Mr. Lansing resumed his husi- ness as a papermaker at Appleton. He was married Sept. 15, 1841, to Mary Ann Knicker- bocker of Cazenovia, New York. They have had four children. Willard Augustus enlisted ft Oshkosh August 16, 1864, in tlie company and regiment to which his father belonged and passed through the same service, receiving a slight wound at Little Sailor's Creek. He re- mained with the regiment and was mustered out at Madison July 3, 1865. Cyrus M. Lans- ing was drowned when 14 years old. The others who are still living are named Augusta Marion, William Andrew and Lucy D. Mr. Lansing's father, Cornelius Lansing, was in the war of 1812 and his grandfather, Garrett Lansing, was in the Revolutionary War. The family was of old New York stock. The family of Mrs. Lansing was the same and her grand- father, Bartholemew Knickerbocker, and his two sons, Harry and Stephen, were soldiers of the Revolution. «tf*tf-*<^**f-» England ••-J»»;^»-^»^, EORGE DALE, M. D., a practicing physician at lola, Wis., Commander of G. A. R. Post No. 99, (1888) was born March 18, 1844, in Durham, His father. Dr. George Thomas 676 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF Dale, married Mary Ann Parish and removed witli liis family to America in 1857, when tiie son was 13 years old. They located at Chicago, where the latter enlisted in the month in which he was 18 years old, March, 1862, in the 2nd Illinois Light Artillery for three years. He had studied medicine under his father's instruc- tions and at Chicago and was within ahout three months of being graduated when he en- tered the army as Surgeon's Assistant. He was in a large proportion of the active service in which his command was involved and was several times wounded. He rose to the rank of 1st Assistant Surgeon, the position being equi- valent in point of emolument to that of Captain. His roster of battles and skirmishes includes Island No. 10, Perryville, Vicksburg, Jackson, Big Black River, Memphis, Paducah, Cham- pion's Hill, Port Hudson, Red River expedition, Yazoo City, and many other locations in which his battery was engaged. At Perryville, he re- ceived a slight wound in his head, and at Champion's Hill in his left arm, neither of which incapacitated him from duty. At Yazoo City in the spring of 1864, he received serious injuries ; he was wounded in the left hip and was entirely deprived of speech and hearing from concussion caused by his proximity to the artillery fire at Yazoo City. He could neither speak nor hear for six months and lias only partially recovered the sense of hearing. His limb was partially paralyzed from the effects of his wound, and when he was discharged, after passing about a year in the hospital, he was on crutches nearly a year and a half. His army experience had given him a thorough under- standing of the practical science of medicine and surgery and, after he was discharged from the army, he engaged in professional duty as a physician in Chicago, wiiere he operated until 1876, when he was obliged to leave the city be- cause of failing health. In 1876 he located at lola where he established his business as a phy- sician and also conducts in connection there- with the business of a druggist. He was made Commander of the Post at tola on its organiza- tion in April, 1888. He was married Nov. 15, 1868, to Sarah A. Lawrence of Chicago. She died July 8, 1881, of brain fever, leaving four children. Mrs. Dale was a woman of sensitive and delicate organization. Tlie initial letters of her name after marriage spelled the word " sad," and . most of her life was saddened by ill health. Her first child was named George L. A., in order that the initials of his name might spell " glad." He is a student at Knox College, Galesburg, 111. The other children are named Lillian S., Bessie L. and William H. Dr. Dale was married July 25, 1882, to Carrie M. Sether, of Scandinavia, Waupaea county. They have no children. Dr. Dale is a successful medical practitioner at tola, and a citizen of good stand- ing and influence. BOUGLAS E. SLOAN, of Omro, Wis., was born July 1, 1844, in Erie count}'. New York. He is the son of William and Betsy (Cross) Sloan, and when he was six years old liis parents re- moved to Wisconsin and he was brought up on a farm in the town of Algoma, Winnebago county. He was a farmer by occupation until he entered the army and he enlisted August 12, 1862, in Companj' C, 21st Wisconsin Infan- try for three years. On the pages of this vol- ume the detailed acount of the operations of the regiment appear on many pages and Mr. Sloan encountered the dangers and difticulties, the battles and skirmishes, the marches and hardships of the entire route without injury, until the last battle before the surrender of Johnston after the regiment had marched through to the sea. He was first exposed to the dangers of the mistaken order which sent the 21st Wisconsin to its first battle field into a position where it received the fire of friends and foes at Perryville ; he was in the battle of Stone River, at Chickamauga, Chattanooga, Mission Ridge and passed the winter on Lookout Mountain. He was in the fight at Resaca and the several actions between that and the siege at At- lanta, including Dallas, Big Shant}', Kenesaw Mountain and Peach Tree Creek, and was in constant action at the siege of Atlanta and in the fight at Jonesboro. He marched through the States which States made historic by Sherman's conquering columns and went into the action at Bentonville, March 19, 1865, and was severely wounded. He received a bullet in his left shoulder and was taken to Golds- boro. He went thence after two weeks to New- bern, and from there to Willett's Point, Long Island. About a mouth after, he was sent to PERSONAL RECORDS. 677 Prairie du Chien, Wis., and from there to Mil- waukee, where he was discliarged .July 4, 1865. He returned to Algoma and was occupied three years as a brakeraan on the C. & N. W. R. R.'s passenger trains, and afterward occu- j)ied a similar position on the C. M. & St. P. R. R. between McGregor and St. Paul. Not long after, he assumed the duties of conductor on the Wabash road. In 1870 lie went to San Francisco and made a trip into the mountains of the Sierra Nevada. When he returned, he was employed on a passenger train on the St. Paul railroad and soon after was employed on the C. & N. W. R. R. on wliich he conducted a train, until 1884. In that year he came to Omro and engaged in the management of a popular and prosperous restaurant business. Politically he is a Republican ; he is a citizen of excellent standing and enjoys a reputation for uprightness and integrity. He is a man of decided temperance principles. He was mar- ried in Omro, Sept. 8, 1884, to Sarah, daughter of Patrick and Sarah (McMahon) Ryan. The family of Mrs. Sloan came from Ireland to America in 1850. .^J!«I^»^J»t^^^<«5*f^-!^•-J»a>^^>tf5<^-^ iiff;*^ * HARLES A. GOSH A, of Appleton, Wis., was born March 21, 1843, in West Stockbridge, Berksbire Co., Mass. He is the son of Frank and Mary (Dupole) Gosha, both natives of Canada, and married in the Dominion. Their ancestors were natives of France. In 1837, the father and mother went to Massachusetts, where the former died March 20, 1848, leaving a wife and eleven children. Mr. Gosha was adopted and reared by his step-father, and was called Charles Cole for many years. He was brougbt up in Stockbridge and in Manchester, New Hampshire, and en- listed at the age of 20. He enrolled at Concord, New Hampshire, as a recruit in the 4th New Hampshire Infantry, for three years, or during the war. He was a brave soldier and preferred to tight in the ranks to being promoted, refus- ing a corporalship which was offered to him several times. He was discharged Sept. 2,1865, at Raleigh, N. C. He made connection with his regiment at Morris Island, S. C, .Jan. 14, 18G4, and was in the first action at Fort Cliat- field. Soon after, the regiment went with the command of Gihnore to Jacksonville, Fla., where they had a bloodless victory and returned to Beaufort, S. C. Gilmore's command next made connection with Butler's Armyof the .James, preparatory to becoming a part of tbe opera- tions of Grant against confederate capital. The 4th New HampsJiire went to Yorktown and in May, started on transports down the York River and up the James to Bermuda Hundred Neck.- They went thence to City Point and were in the sharp action in a fight at Drury's Bluff. The regiment was transferred to the command of W. F. Smith, and on the 30th of May arrived at White House landing on trans- ports, preparatory to the battle of Cold Harbor. On the retreat after the fight, Mr. Gosha was taken ill, his foot became swollen and he was sent to the convalescent camp at Point of Rocks and thence to hospital at Petersburg, where he arrived June 17th, and remained until Aug, 29th, Captain (afterwards Colonel) Parker mak- ing him a visit while there. He was sick with fever and cramj)S from exposure and mn rolling and the malaria which he had contracted on the rivers of Virginia. He joined his regiment in August in front of Petersburg and was first in action in the assault on Fort Malione, (Fort Hell.) He fought at Deep Bottom, and at Chapin's Farm and remained there in winter, where an attack was to be made by the command of General Butler and Mr. Gosha was detailed as escort and guard for Butler and his staff, who made the examination of the fortifications and decided that the long rows of barracks were lines of troops and withdrew very quietly not to disturl) anybody. Tiie 4th New Hampshire returned to Chapin's Farm to go in January on the same service under Gen- eral Butler. The fight was a sharp and vic- torious one. In the spring the regiment went to the Cape Fear River and performed excellent duty in the fighting in the vicinity of Wilming- ton, after which they proceeded towards Golds- boro and recovered about 10,000 released Union prisoners, who were turned loose, the most forlorn troop that ever trod the face of the earth, by the rebels to shift for themselves as they best could. From Goldsboro, the regi- ment went to Raleigh, where the rebels fired into the command and immediate action was taken and the men who did the shooting, were surrendered and hung in the streets of Raleigh. Tbe ■ 4th New Hampshire remained in the lovely city, quartered in the governor's house until their discharge as mentioned. Mr. Gosha returned to Manchester after the war and in 1868, came to Appleton, where he has since been a citizen. He is a carpenter by vocation. He was married in Manchester in 1866, to Pauhne Francois, and their chil- dren are named Pauline, Alice, Andrew, Frank, Albert and Effie. The mother was born in Sherbrooke, Canada, and is tiie daughter of French parents. Mr. Gosha is a Republican in political opinion. He re- sumed his father's name when he was married. His brother, Andrew Gosha, enlisted in Ber- dan's Sharpshooters, was taken prisoner and starved and died in Salisbury prison, where he was buried by a comrade who survived him PERSONAL RECORDS. 681 and returned to tell the story to his friends. Mr. Gosha named his eldest son for him. LEXANDER BESAT, resident at 1^ Gravesville, Calumet Co., Wis., a member of G. A. R. Post No. 205, was born March 21, 1835, in Switz- erland. He came to America in 1850 and located in the State of New York, where he re- mained until the fall of 1857, when he came to Wisconsin and located in Fond du Lac county, where he resided until he entered the army. He was a true son of Switzerland and the dan- ger to the Republic was one which he undei'- stood and felt, and he was among the first to seek an opportunity to enroll in defense of his adopted country. He enlisted April 19, 1861, at Waupun in an organization, which was as- signed to service as Company D, Srd Wisconsin Infantry and, before the regiment left the State, orders were issued from the War Department to muster no more three-months men and the members of Company D, as of every other en- rolled organization in Wisconsin, with one ex- ception, re-enlisted for the tliree years service. The regiment left the State July 12th and went successively to Hagersville, Harper's Ferry, Darne-stown and Frederick. He remained there on guard duty until the spring of 1802, when he went to the valley of the Shenandoah with Banks and was in the action at Win- chester, where he was taken prisoner. He was in the actions at Antietam, Chancellorsville and Gettysburg and went with his regiment to New York during the draft, and after the transfer of the regiment to the Army of the Cumber- land, he veteranized and came to Wisconsin on his furlough. He was next in battle at Resaca and afterwards fought near Dall.as and at Pine Knob and was next m action at Peach Tree Creek and went thence to the siege of Atlanta. Mr. Besat was in the trenches under fire until Au- " gust, 1864, when lie was wounded in the left arm which terminated his active military ser- vice as his injury was serious and his left hand was amputated. At the battle of Winchester, March 12, 1862, he was taken prisoner and was taken to Belle Isle at Richmond. He was held until paroled in September, 1862, when he was soon after exchanged and rejoined his regiment. During his prison life, he experienced the hardships which the reliels were pleased to inflict on Union soldiers. His food was entirely insufficient and of the poorest description. He relates one incident as follows: There was much sickness and one of his comrades who was supposed to be dead was placed in a coffin and, as he was about to be buried, he suddenly sat up and said tliat he wanted food instead of l)urial, but he died not long after. Mr. Bcsat suffered amputation on the field of Antietam and was sent from the field hospital successively to Nashville, Tenn., New Albany, Ind., Springfield and ^Iadison and was dis- charged at the latter place April 8, 1865. After returning to Wisconsin he located in Calumet county where he has since resided. He owns and cultivates a small piece of land and receives a pension. He was married .Ian. 21, 1865, to Susan Gi- rard of Charlestown, Calumet county, who died Dec. 6, 1886, leaving one daughter named Ida L., who was born March 26, 1875. Mr. Besat was married .July 2, 1887, to Emma Heale of Stockbridge, Calumet county, and their daugh- ter, Maud M., was born April 11, 1888. UINCEY A. DANFORTH, Meeme, Wis., a soldier of the civil war, was born February 19, 1842, in Berk- shire, Franklin Co., Vermont. When he was 10 years old, his parents came to Wisconsin and located at Meeme, where the son was brought up and entered the Union army within two weeks after the attack on the forts in Charleston Harbor and the consequent call for troops. He enlisted at Sheboygan April 27, 1861, in Company C, 4th Wisconsin Infan- try, for three years. He was afterwards made Corjjoral and was promoted to Sergeant in Nov- ember, 1862. He received honorable discharge July 9, 1864, at Morganzia, La., on account of the expiration of his term. The rendezvous of the regiment was at Racine and in July it left the State under orders for Baltimore. After various movements in Maryland and Virginia, the regiment was assigned to Butler's command and sent to the Gulf on transports, and Mr. Danforth was a participant in the suf- ferings on the passage and in the operations 682 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF which resulted in the capture of New Orleans. In May, 1863, he was a participant in the occu- pation of Baton Rouge and in a skirmish at Warrenton on the way to Vicksburg and re- turned to Baton Rouge. In June he went to Grand Gulf and was present at the destruction of that place and went afterwards to a position opposite Vicksburg. He returned again to Baton Rouge in July and remained with the command, fighting at Bisland and afterwards went to Opelousas, where the regiment foraged for horses and equipments and, converting themselves into cavalry, pursued a battalion of Texas cavalry. They proceeded next to Fort Hudson, performing service all tlie way and, on arrival there, dismounted and took part in the assault on Port Hudson, Company C being detailed as body guard to General Banks. He was in tlie second attack on Port Hudson and remained near there until July, when the regi- ment was changed permanently to cavalry. On mustering, after the battle at Port Hudson it was found that nearly Iialf of the regiment was killed or disabled and General Paine had suffered the loss of a leg. One night during the siege, Mr. Dan forth, who was acting as dis- patch carrier, was sent to the landing, accom- panied by another carrier. Neither of them knew the route and, near midnight, they found themselves in proximity to a camp in which the men had white blankets. They were in doubt as to the identity of their neighbors, but finally discovered that they were near a Union regiment which had recently taken the field. Another night, when scouting near a piece of woods, Company C was suddenly fired on and, although in doubt as to the number of the rebels in the woods, charged immediately and captured two bushwhackers and their horses and the horse of a third wlio had fled, but who fell into their hands in the morning. The in- cident is stated here to demonstrate the quality of bravery of the Union troops, which dashed into a position in the night which might have l)een defended by a brigade of rebels. Another instance is related for obvious reasons. The Government ordered tlie conversion of the regi- ment into cavalry, but without supplying the mount. The next day after receiving the orders, every man had a steed and the regi- ment presented a curious appearance, owing to the motley character of the chargers which ranged in size from ponies not bigger than sheep, to horses of regulation size. During the expeditions into the surrounding country, every man availed himself of every oppor- tunity to exchange his mount for the better, which was done without reference to the opin- ions of the rebels interested. On one occasion a soldier met two ladies driving a fine horse and he proceeded at once to make an exchange. He replaced theirs with his own, but they de- clined in disgust to drive the substitute, and he left them seated in their carriage, uttering vain protestations against the whole operation. Through tliis system of exchange, the regiment was well mounted in about six weeks and per- formed efficient service until discharged. After the war Mr. Danforth returned to Meeme where he has since resided. He is the owner of a small, well tilled farm and has been engaged 16 years in the manufacture of cheese. He was married in 1872 at Herman, Sheboy- gan county, to Gertrude Silvernail. Their children are named James S., George, Anna, Emma and William. ^;»t3*'-^t^i^^<=«^-^'«*^^ [^0RANCIS MARION ROGERS, one of L-Z^ the business men of Oshkosh, Wis., ^p- and a member ot G. A. R. Post No. 10, was born May 17, 1842, in Lee, Oneida Co., N. Y. When he was 22 years of age he enlisted August 17, 1864, as a private in Company E, 1st Wisconsin Cavalry, for one year. He received honorable discharge July 22, 1865, at Edgefield, Tenn., on account of tlie termination of the war. He passed unharmed through the entire course of his war experience, with the exception of a slight injury in his neck, which he did not consider sufficiently serious to warrant his leaving his post. He joined the regiment to which he belonged as a recruit Nov. 4, 1864, at Louisville, Ky. The portion of the command which was avail- able was engaged in the work of foraging and scouting, and they had some sharp experiences, as the rebel guerrillas were growing fierce with repeated repulses. From November to Decem- ber, the command was in camp at Louisville, Ky., for the purpose of reorganization and being equipped anew.- On the 4th of the month last named, the command set out for Nashville, then in a state of siege by the rebel hordes PERSONAL RECORDS. 683 under General Hood. It was in the action in front of Hopkinsville two weeks later, and its first encounter with the rebels was successful. The regiment went next into winter quarters at Waterloo, Ala., where it remained until the 10th of March. They crossed the Tennessee River on that day and, 12 days later, took up their march for the interior of the State. April 1st, the brigade to which the regiment belonged was detached from the main column and in its march had a skirmish with the reb- els, which resulted in putting them to flight. They crossed the Cahawba at Centerville after a day's march of 40 miles. They encountered Jackson's cavalry the next morning and were driven back. They experienced a good deal of heavy marching and some sharp skirmishing and led the advance to Montgomery, Ala. The march from there was continued and soon after leaving that place they were attacked. The 1st Wisconsin accomplished the defeat of the attacking force alone. Their next encounter had the same result, as they assaulted and cap- tured Fort Tyler, April 16th. Five days after, they went into camp at Macon, Ga. While at Centerville, under orders to hold a bridge at all hazards, Mr. Rogers and three comrades were sent to a point below to secure horses if possible and, during their absence the vidette brought intelligence of the approach of Forrest in full force. The bridge was destroyed by Company E, and they drew back as the rebel army was drawn up on the opposite side of the river. The rebels fired on the little party of four, who returned to the place where they had left their regiment and one of their number was killed. The horse of Mr. Rogers was shot under him and his life was saved by the fall of the animal. He received at the same time a sliot in his neck, which was of little account. Mr. Rogers was but four years old when his parents came to Wisconsin. They located at Summit in Waukesha county, whence they made another removal four years later to Omro in Winnebago county. The son was a pupil in the schools of these towns and later acquired a more advanced education at Ripon, where he attended school three years. While growing to manhood he came a practical carpenter and worked at intervals at that business until he en- listed. After the war he returned to Wisconsin and settled at Whitewater, where he pursued >the business of a builder and contractor for two years. He was similarly occupied for three years at .Jefferson and established himself in the same occupation at Oshkosh in 1876. He has constructed a considerable number of buildings at that place. Mr. Rogers traces his ancestors back to the Mayflower and the landing of the Pilgrims in 1620. The family was descended originally in the old country from Irish progenitors. The early descendants were engaged in the former wars of this country. The forefathers of his mother were Hollanders and were among those known as the Mohawk Valley Dntch. He is the son of Charles L. and Anna (Tubbs) Rogers. July 4, 1862, he was married to Lucinda C. Buck. Their children were nine in number and born in the following order : — Elmer A. (de- ceased), Emma A., lua A., Birdena M., Katie L. (deceased), Dora M., Frank M., Earl (deceased) and Charles. The second marriage of Mr. Rog- ers to Ruth Hopkins took place May 18, 1879. She died, leaving one child — Edna A. His present wife, Alice Rogers before marriage, is still living. ♦^?»^ -J»»^^^<%if-<^*sf-* ILLIAM H. PATTERSON, Plo- ver, Wis., was born in Milford, Pike county, Pennsylvania, Sept. 27, 1844. His paternal grand- father, John Patterson, was a native of Sussex county. New Jersey, and died in that State when 94 years old. His maternal grandfather, James Wainwright, was a native of Monmouth county. New Jersey, and died in 1854, aged 91 years. Virgil Patterson, father of Mr. Patter- son of this sketch, was born April 22, 1810, in Orange county. New York, and married Sarah Wainwright at Milford, Pike Co., Penn., in July, 1834. The mother of Mr. Patterson died in Bradford county, Penn., Nov. 14, 1865, at the age of 54 years. The father died in Chemung Co., New York, in July, 1880. The son remained under the paternal roof until the period of the civil war. The first attack of the South on the United States flag was made a few months after he was 17 years old and he enlisted in Company H, " Morgan Guards ", enrolling October 6, 1861, for three years. Two months later, the regiment was consolidated with the 10th New York Cavalry and Mr. Pat- terson was assigned to Company F. The com- 684 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF maiid was assigned to the Army of the Potomac and sent to Gettysburg, where they were engaged in building barracks. Later they went to Havre de Grace, Maryland, where they guarded the ferry line and were afterwards assigned to pro- vost duty at Baltimore. Li the last of July, 1862, they received their horses and equipments at Fort Lincoln, Washington, and went into camp at Arlington Heights. August 29, 1862, Mr. Patterson performed picket duty through the night at Fairfax Court House and on the next day went into camp at Chain Bridge, where orders were received for the regiment to proceed to Lewinsville, Va. Soon after they moved to the vicinity of Aldee, Middlebury and Upperville, where the 10th New York had an engagement with Wade Hampton's cavalry and they moved from there to Rappahaimock Station, where they skirmished with Stewart's cavalry. Li November, they went into camp at the Virginia Gold Mine, where they per- formed garrison and picket duty and, in Decem- ber, went to Falmouth. Dec. 19, 1862, Mr. Patterson, with 31 comrades, was captured by Lieutenant Jones of Hampton's Legion and taken to Richmond, where they were confined in Castle Thunder. Nineteen days later they were paroled and reported at Annapolis, Md., where they were held until May 4, 1863, when they were exchanged and joined the regiment at Rappahannock Station and Mr. Patterson Avas engaged in the cavalry action at Brandy Station — an action which takes leading rank in the cavalry fights of the war. Mr. Patterson had the satisfaction of capturing Lieutenant Jones, who took him prisoner on a former occasion. The regiment went into camp at Culpepper and scouted until the battle of the Wilderness. The 10th New York opened tlie fight at Todd's Tavern and then started on the Richmond raid, marking their way by destruc- tion along the line of the Fredericksburg and Richmond railroad. He was next in a fight at Bowling Green, skirmishing there with Stew- art's cavalry and also at Poj^lar Grove Chui'ch, where a continual fight was carried on in sight of Richmond; Stewart was killed in this fight. Mr. Patterson was again in action at Malvern Hill and Cold Harbor, crossing the River James with his regiment at City Point. The infantry of the command joined them in front of Peters- burg. In 1864, Mr. Patterson was a partici- pant in the Virginia campaign and was in the fights on the South Side railroad and at Dan- ville. He had been detailed as Orderly for Colonel Avery and performed the duties of the position until his discharge, Dec. 7, 1864, on the field in front of Petersburg. He returned to Pennsylvania after the war and was variously engaged until 1880, when he came to Wiscon- sin and remained at Stevens Point a year. In 1881 he went back to Bradford Co., Penn., and in 1887 made a permanent removal to Wiscon- sin. He located at Plover and entered the employ of the Wisconsin Central Railroad Company. He was married Nov. 20, 1876, to Miss I. V. Stewart of Breesport, Chemung Co., New York. Their children were born in the fol- lowing order : — Leroy, Nov. 23, 1879 ; Pearl, Aug. 11, 1882; Claude, April 13, 1884; Charles, Jan. 20, 1888. ATRICK PRICE, a farmer in Stock- bridge Township, Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 40, was born March 17, 1817, in County Galway, Ireland, and he grew to manhood in his native country. He came to America in 1850, landing in Philadel- phia April 18th, and went to Bucks county in the Kej^stone State, where he engaged to work for a nurseryman. In 1852 he went to Tren- ton, New Jersey, where he remained 10 years. August ]8, 1862, he enlisted in Company C, 11th New Jersey Infantry. The command was assigned to the Army of the Potomac, and Mr. Price was in the first battle at Fredericksburg, fought at Chancellorsville, Mine Run, Wilder- ness, Spotsylvania, North Anna, Cold Harbor and was in the actions in the vicinity of Peters- burg, which resulted in the fall of that city, and was in the fight at Sailor's Creek. At Chancellorsville he received a bullet in his left hand, and was sent from the field hospital to Washington, and thence to Wilmington, Dela- ware, where he remained until August 29, 1863. Just before the battle of Mine Run he was hit his cheek by a buckshot, but did not go on to the rear. Through the campaign of the Army of the Potomac of 1864-5, he was in every battle in which his regiment was involved. He left the trenches at Petersburg to drive an ambulance, and was occupied in that business between Petersburg and Washington. At Bai- Personal records. 685 ley's Cross Roads he was mustered out and re- turned home as soon as he obtained transporta- tion. He was discharged June 7, 1865. In March, 1867, he came to Wisconsin and bought a farm in Stockbridge. He was married in September, 1837, to Mary FoUn, in County Gaivvay, Ireland. They have three children. Ciiristopher was born in 1859, and married Catlierine McDonald ; Mary, born in 1842, married John Nash, and resides in the town of Harrison, Calumet county ; Michael, horn in 1 846, married Ann Maria King. Both sons live in the town of Stockbridge. •K>!^-^>i^i^^<^5*f-*<^*^*tf^ ORRIS REED, a resident of Sey- mour, Outagamie Co., Wis., and twice a soldier for principles' sake, was born July 13, 1846, in Mexico, Oswego Co., New York. He was de- prived of the care of his mother when seven years of age and, his father having a large fam- ily to provide for he was also deprived of many privileges of education and cultivation which might otherwise have been his. Before he was 16 years old his country was involved in war, PERSONAL RECORDS. 68? the attack on Fort Sumter having been made just three months prior to his birthday. Six weeks after that anniversary he became a re- cruit in the regular mihtary service of the United States, enlisting Aug. 26, 1861, in Com- pany A, in Bell's U. S. 14tli Infantry at Oswego. He enrolled for three years and was made a Corporal in September, 1862. lie was promo- ted to Sergeant after the battle of Chancellors- ville for bravery in action and his warrant was read before the command on parade. He was discharged at Noaksville, Va., Feb. 23, 1864, to enable him to veteranize in the same Company and Regiment, and he received final discharge, June 23, 1865, at Fort Trumbull, New London, Conn., on account of disabilities. The roster of the active service of Mr. Reed includes the Siege of Yorktown, Gaines Mills, Malvern Hill, Second Bull Run, Antietam, Leetown, Snickers' Gap, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettys- burg and Mine Run. " His conduct has been excellent" is the dictum of his commanding officer, F. H. Perry, on his first discharge pa- pers. Let it be noted that such an expression from an official of the regular army in behalf of an humble volunteer soldier carries unusual significance. In the dreadful carnage at Chan- cellorsville, Mr. Reed was injured in the abdo- men, a piece of an exploded shell striking him him forward of the right pelvic bone, the missile killing or wounding eight others. He has since been incapacitated from heavy labor and is still a sufferer. He had not yet arrived at man's estate when the war was over and he returned to Mexico, where he performed such labor on a farm as his disabilities allowed, for two years. In 1868 he came to Kilbourn City, Wis., and became in- terested in the cultivation of hops, in which he continued about six months. He then removed permanently to Seymour, where he has since continued to reside. He has been an agricul- turist, and in 1886, he commenced preaching the tenents of the Gospel as understood by the sect denominated Seventh Day Adventists. He has been succes.sful in his ministry and has collected a charge in the vicinity where he is a resident. He was married Aug. 24, 1866, to Marinda Winilgate and they are the parents of two children — Adelbert L. and Myrtle Minnie. John Reed, the father of Mr. Reed, was born in one of the New England States and the greater part of his life was spent in Mexico, N. Y. The grandmother, who died when her grandson was eight years old, was 95 at the time of her decease. Her husband was a soldier of the Revolution and was descended from English ancestry. The mother of Mr. Reed, prior to marriage was Sarah Ann Hotciikiss. John S. Windgate, the father of Mrs. Reed, was born in Boston, Mass., in 1807 and was of English an- cestry ; her mother, Rebecca Conklin, was born in the State of New York in 1810 and was of Dutch lineage. -J'>3S>->-:>t^ >^5^-*»^Jtf-» His AMES S. BRODHEAD, a resident at Gravesville, Calumet Co., Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 205, was born Au- gust 6, 1832, in Ulster county. New York, parents, Abraham V. H. and Helen (Sclioonmakei") Brodliead, remained in the Empire State, where the fiither died in 1882, the mother having died in 1855. In the year following her demise, 1856, her son quitted his native place and came to Wisconsin ; he I'esided two years in Marquette county and removed thence in 1858 to Calumet county and located on a farm in the town of Chilton. He con- tinued his operations as an agriculturist, until he decided to enter the army, and enlisted August 27, 1864, as a recruit for the 16th Wis- consin Infantry and joined the command as a member of ' New Company D." In company with other recruits he made connection with the regiment at Atlanta where Sherman was organizing his command for the march to the sea, and Mr. Brodhead was in the columns of the advancing army and followed Hood to Allatoona, Resaca and Fayette and, after driv- ing the rebel force into Alabama, they returned to Georgia and engaged in the destruction of the railroad and the city of Atlanta, after which the 16tli Wisconsin moved on to Savan- nah. Mr. Brodhead was with the command afterwards and, after reaching South Carolina, was taken prisoner about the middle of February between Orangeburg and Cheraw, while on a foraging expedition. He was with- in sight of his own command, mai'ching along the road, when he heard a sudden clatter of cavalry and a squad of rebels suddenly made their appearance a short distance in front of him. Thinking it was Union cavalry he paid 688 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF no attention to them until they carae nearer, and when he discovered that they were rebels he drew his rifle to his shoulder, but was ordered to surrender. He was assured that he would be well treated -if he surrendered, and he asked for five minutes to hold "council of war" as he was afraid he would be killed, as was common when foraging parties were captured. He had been sick and was unable to run and he finally laid down his rifle and surrendered to half a dozen cavalrymen. They treated him well, and after a few days he was turned over to others and taken successively to Charlotte, N. C, and Salisbury, and thence to Libby prison, where he remained 18 days. He was then paroled and sent to Annapolis and thence to St. Louis and Madison, where he was dis- charged and reached his home April 1st. Dur- ing his short stay in Libby and other prisons he was nearly starved. One day he saw a " galvanized Yank," a Union man who had turned rebel, and who was one of the guards in the prison who had become involved in an altercation with a prisoner and made an at- tempt to stab him. As he drew his knife, a Wisconsin soldier struck him in the back of his head and he was disarmed before he could pick himself up. Mr. Brodhead saw the man who did the striking. One day one of the prisoners left the water running in the prison quarters and retaliation was made on the whole com- pany by withholding the water for some days. Finally, the prisoners informed the turnkey and guards that they would be killed if the water was not turned on, which ended the drouth. Soon after he was paroled, the war ended and he did not rejoin his regiment. When his leave of absence expired he rejwrted at Madison and was sent home, being afterwards dis- charged, his papers being dated June 2, 1865. Mr. Broadhead was married Sept. 21, 1854, to Jane Depuy, a native of Rochester, Ulster county. New York, and she was born Jan. 17, 1837. He started for the West soon after with his bride. They have had seven children and three are deceased. Sarah C. was born Nov. 29, 1858, and was married Feb. 22, 1877, to Mason H. Gray of Antigo. Mary E. was born March 22, 1861, and was married Nov. 2>, 1880, to George Pal- miter of Antigo, Wis. Jason W. was born Nov. 29, 1862. He is a young man of brilliant qualities and thoroughly well educated and went to New York some years ago where he has acted in the capacitj' of stenographer in the mercantile house of A. T. Stewart & Co., and iS now (1888) officiating as the private secretary of Judge Hilton, noted in his connections with the Stewart estate. Madge, youngest child, was born June 8, 1880. ;^^<«5«:^.Stevens Point, Wis.,for one year. He enrolled as a recruit and made connection with the regiment at Little Rock, Ark. He was in his first action at Dardanelles, previous to which he was engaged in camp, garrison, foraging, scouting, skirmishing, patrol and picket duty and as escort ior trains. During the whole of his service he was chiefly engaged in these varieties of military duty on the Ar- kansas border. On the re-organization of the regiment he was transferred, Feb. 1, 1865, to Company A, and went with his battalion in April to Duval's Blutf. In September, 1864, a detail from the recruits was made for the pur- pose of transferring a number of mules to Little Rock, and the men, finding the mwfei ob- jected to their riding, they undertook to lead them, and the scene of a collection of inules and a collection of men with halters for connect- ing links, the attachments at either end pulling in a contrary direction, may be imagined. Mr. Farr remained at Duval's Bluff until June, when he went to Springfield, Mo., and thence to Benton Barracks, St. Louis, where he was dis- charged June 20, 1865. Mr. Farr has held the office of Justice of Peace; is a staunch Repub- lican, and an upright, substantial citizen of in- fluence. AVID RIMEY, a resident of Rem- ington, Wood Co., Wis., and formerly a soldier of the civil war, was born March 7, 1845, in Albany, Green Co., Wis. He is the son of Benjamin and Catherine (McNutt) Rimey, and is the grandson of a man who fought in the second war with Great Britain. He removed from Green county to Remington in 1880, where he is engaged in agricultural pursuits. His farm is located on section 23, of Town 21, Range 3. He enlisted in August,1864,Company H, 38th Wisconsin Infantry,enrolling,for three years,and received honorable discharge at Washington, 690 SOLDIERS' ALBUM Ot* June 2, 1865, the war being closed. He re- joined the regiment in the Array of the Potomac and arrived there in time to take part in the siege of Petersljurg. In the fight at Hatcher's Run he was in a sliarp action. He was over- heated in the trenches Jan. 10, 1865, at Peters- burg and was taken to the hospital at City Point. He was in his most energetic service during the investment of Petersburg, where he fought days and repaired breastworks nights. On the occasion on which he received his injury he had been engaged 24 hours without inter- mission, and has never recovered his health. His brother, Michael, was in the service and was killed at Dalton, Ga., on the march to the sea, receiving a wound in the face and left breast. Mr. Rimey married Barbara Griffith. ♦-j't^-'-j't^iJ ACOB H. VALENTINE, a resident of Montello, Wis., belonging to G. A. R. Post No. 64, was born in Alabama town- ship, Genessee Co., New York, Oct.- 5, 1839. He came from his native State to Wis- consin in 1856 and remained in Buffalo in the county of Marquette until 1861, when he went to Denver, Colorado. He was engaged in mi- ning at Delaware Flats, a small collection of miners' shanties, and he enlisted there in Com- pany A, 3rd Colorado Infantry. When the 2nd and 3rd regiments, Colorado Infantry, reached Missouri, neither had its complement and the two were consolidated and known afterwards as 2nd Colorado Cavalry, receiving equipments at St. Louis. Mr. Valentine was assigned to Company H of the new command and left St. Louis under orders for Kansas City, and, until 1864, operated in that locality against the bushwhackers. In September and October the command was in Missouri under Pleasanton operating against Price at Lexing- ton and Independence, Mo., on the Big and Little Blue Rivers and driving the rear guard of Price across the Arkansas River and after- wards returning to Fort Leavenworth. The regiment was sent thence to frontier service on the plains where Mr. Valentine was engaged in guarding trains of immigrants and the United States mails against the Indians. He remained on the plains until June 19, 1865, when he went with his command under orders to Fort Reilly where he was mustered out. Transportation was limited and Mr. Valentine and eight comrades built a boat on which they floated down the Kansas River to Lawrence and from thence they traveled bj' rail to their respective destinations, Mr. Valentine re- turning to his home in Buffalo, where he ar- rived July 11, 1865. He engaged in farming and afterwards removed to Montello which is still his place of residence. He is still engaged in the management of his farm. He was mar- ried Oct. 9, 1866, at Buffalo to Esther A., daughter of Ebenezer and Margaret Dickson, residents of Buffalo. Mr. and Mrs. Valentine have four children ; Hattie was born Oct. 27, 1867, and was graduated from the high school at Montello in June 1888 ; Zella was born Oct. 17, 1871; Henry, Dec. 19, 1873; Dickson, Dec. 13, 1882. Mr. Valentine is Adjutant of W. D. Walker Post at Montello. -^»t> •^:>»;*>;^^f<^*Cf-»>tf5tf^ FREDERICK W. KUTLER, of Apple- ton, Wis., member of G. A. R. Post, Geo. D. Eggleston, No. 133, was born March 28, 1838, in Zeigeliada, Ouer- furt, Prussia. In 1852 he came to America with his parents, and arrived in Milwaukee, August 11th. He remained in the Cream City three years and learned the business of a baker in all its details. He continued to follow it for a vocation until he became a soldier. In Au- gust, 1862, he enlisted in Company D, 26tli Wisconsin Infantry at Racine for three years. At the formation of his company he was made Corporal. July 2, 1865, he received honorable discharge at Washington, D. C, the war being at an end. With the exception of a single company the 26th Wisconsin was composed of Germans. It was recruited in about two weeks and was one of the strongest and most distinguished of the Wisconsin regiments. It was mustered into service September 17, 1862, and went to Wash- ington in October, making connection with the 11th Army Corps under Major-General Sigel. The command was soon after involved in all the difficulties experienced through the fall and early winter in the toilsome marching to which the Army of the Potomac was subjected, pre- PERSONAL RECORDS. 691 paring for the fruitless operations on the Rap- pahannock. March was passed in preparations again for active warfare and about the last of April the movement preceding the battle of Chancellorsville commenced. The 2Gth went into that disastrous action to suiter as did no other save one — the 119th New York. Mr. Kut- ler was wounded in iiis right hip by a minie ball and, soon after, was taken prisoner by the rebels. He remained in the hands of the con- federates 15 days, attended by Union surgeons who remained with the captured prisoners. At the end of that time General Hooker recovered them under flag of truce and, after being pa- roled by the rebels, Mr. Kutler found liimself once more among Union soldiers. They were conveyed to the field hospital in the ambulances which were sent for them and which were located near Stafford C. H. They remained at Stafford C. H. a month and were transferred to Harvey hospital at Washington. Mr. Kutler stayed there a month and then went across the Long Bridge to the Convalescent Camp near Alexan- dria. When sufficiently recovered, he was trans- ferred to Company I, 24th Veteran Reserve Corps. He was placed with a special detail un- der Colonel McAlvery and was with him for a year. At the expiration of that time he went with the Reserve Corps to Washington and was detailed for guard duty, in whicli he was sub- jected to arduous service in guarding rebel and other prisoners, doing duty every other day. At the time of Early's raid in 1864 he was on duty, and experienced a sunstroke which ren- dered him helpless for a week. After the rebel marauder had betaken himself back to his own holdings, Mr. Kutler returned to barrack duty. During the last four montlis he passed the time on guard at the south end of Long Bridge where he and the entire detail contracted the fever and ague, the land being low and swampy and the atmosphere poisoned with the malaria from the Potomac marshes. The company were still there when the United States troops crossed Long Bridge on their way to the Grand Review. The Wisconsin 26th, his old regiment, passed over while he was there on guard. After being discharged he returned to Racine. In 1869 he went to Appleton where lie has since pursued his business as a baker. His father, Frederick W. Kutler, was a soldier in his native country, conscripted according to the law which controls every German male child. In 1848 he was in the Reserve but was after- wards sent to active duty in which he served two years before tiie expiration of his time. It is probable tliat about the time of our war a lai'ge number of Germans brouglit their grow- ing sons to this country to escape the inevitable conscription, and it is a curious fact that large numbers of the Gernaan soldiers who volunteered for tiie Union service were those who rebelled against a compulsorj' military career in their own country. ILLIAM A. ROZELL, a promi- nent citizen and business man at Plainfield, Wis., and a mem- ber of G. A. R. Post, No. 197, was born Dec. 3, 1826, at Jackson, Tioga Co., Penn- sylvania. He is the son of James and Lucy (Bryant) Rozell. He was reared in his native State and re- moved to Wi.sconsin in 1855, locating in Wau- shara county and engaged in farming in Plain- field township which was then in its pioneer condition. At that date, the inhabitants were situated at remote distances and Mr. Rozell passed through all the experiences of a pioneer farmer and followed that occupation until he entered the army. He enlisted Oct. 6, 1864, in Company I, 1st Wisconsin Heavy Ar- tillery, at Berlin, for one year. The battery went from the camp of rendezvous in Wiscon- sin to Washington, where it was placed in gar- rison atFort Farnsworth. Tlie battery reached there in November and the men belonging to the command were drilled in light and heavy artillery tactics and as infantry, being obliged t& acquire a knowledge of all military tactics, excepting cavalry. They also performed con- siderable labor on the fortitications and held themselves in readiness for service in the de- fense of Washington but happily were not called into service in that direction. It may be added that, in addition to the armament com- mon to artillery service, consisting of heavy siege guns the battery was fullj' equipped as infantr}'. (See sketch of R. H. Runcorn.) At the expiration of the war, Mr. Rozell was mus- tered out of service, June 26, 1865, at Washing- ton and the command returned to Milwaukee where it disbanded July ord following. Nov. 4, 1862, Mr. Rozell was married to Ellen H. Walker, of Plainfield, and their chil- 692 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF dren are named Harry T., Arthur J., Maggie and Verney. On his return from the arm}' Mr. Kozell resumed his business as a farmer and in 1867, became interested as a merchant at West Plain field and transacted a prosper- ous business. Li 1882, he Vniilt a brick store in the village of Plainfield where he operated about two years. He sold that establishment in 1884 and resumed operations at West Plain- field, where he was transacting business on a large scale until disaster overtook him. Nov. 20, 1886, his extensive building was burned, entailing on him a loss of about $6,000. He immediately rebuilt and is once more in prom- ising circumstances. He has been prominent in the management of local affairs and has held various school and town offices. *-^^;^.^5w^^^,^;*^^.^5*f- HARLES A. ABBOTT, a farmer, resid- ing at Grand Chute, Outagamie Co., Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 133, at Appleton, was born in Freedom, in the same county, Dec. 8, 1845. He is the son of ElnorBarnumand Ellen (Webster) Abbott, who were among the pioneer settlers of Outagamie county. The father located and cleared a farm in the township of Freedom, and was a soldier in the 5th Wisconsin Infantry. He was born Feb. 28, 1814, in Connecticut, and died at Shiocton, Wis. The mother was born in Oswego, New York, in 1815. Following is the record of their children. Tlie eldest son, who was named Charles, died in infancy. Wil- liam died Aug. 18, 1883, in Kansas; Alfred A. was a soldier in the 21st Wisconsin Infantry, and died in April, 1864, in Andersonville stockade prison, after a captivity of 11 months; Margaret A. died in April, 1870 ; Mr. Abbott, of this account, is the next in order of birth. Edward and Frank reside in Nebraska ; Susan A. lives at Appleton ; Harriet died in August, 1882; Wilber died in Freedom in 1880 ; Emma lives in Dakota. Another child died in infancy. Like the majority of the survivors of the civil war, Mr. Abbott enlisted before the age of legal manhood. He enrolled at Appleton, Oct. 25, 1863, in Company I, 32nd Wisconsin Infan- try, for three years, or during the war, and was discharged at Louisville, Ky., July 12, 1865. In May previous he was transferred to Com- pany C, 16th Wisconsin Infantry, his term Ijeing unexpired, and his original command mustered out. He enlisted as a recruit and made connection with the I'egiment at Grand Junction, Miss., just previous to Sherman's first advance on bis march through rebeldom. The regiment was sent to rendezvous at Cairo, 111., in March, 1864, and the first active duty in which Mr. Abbott was a participant was in the rein- forcement of the garrison at Paducah, Ky., where the fort was retaken and the town res- cued. In April, he was with his regiment at Decatur, detailed to guard the passages of the Tennessee River. In one instance the rebels had destroyed an iron bridge which the "Feds" had replaced with a pontoon bridge, and this was guarded by the 32nd for about four months. Meantime, Mr. Abbott was one of a detail of 17 men sent to bring into safe quarters a Union family. They were attacked by two companies of mounted rebels, and the Sergeant and 11 men were taken prisoners, and the remainder made their way to headquarters witli their charge. At daybreak, the Provost Marshal, with a detachment fi-om the regiment, made a saily and took prisoners, seven rebels including a lieutenant, which was considered, in some sense as compensation. In August, the regi- ment went to Atlanta and took position in front of the fortifications. Tiie soldiers of the com- mand were in daily action for 18 days preced- ing the surrender of the place. Afterwards Mr. Abbott was in a sharp action about six miles from Atlanta, where victory was achieved by the Union arms. While in camp, preparatory to proceeding with Sherman's troops, Mr. Abbott was in a state of health resulting from illness contracted at Atlanta, which necessitated his being sent to the hospital at Chattanooga. Ten days later he was sent to Nashville, in so enfeebled a condition as to require an attendant iu boarding the cars. He has never recovered from the chronic disorders induced by his arduous service and exposure. While at Nash- ville, that place was assaulted by Hood, with the other occupants of the hospital there, went into the trenches for the defeii.se,remaining four days. He returned to the hospital and soon after was sent to Newbern, N. C. Thence he went to Raleigh and from there to Goldsboro, where he participated in a three days' fight, repulsing Hood's forces, with heavy loss. Mr. Aljbott went next to Raleigh, and from there to Wash- ington for the Grand Review. He was then PERSONAL RECORDS. 693 transferred as stated, and soon after he returned to Madison and tlience home in a hopelessly shattered state of health. His pay and dis- charge were sent to him at his home in Free- dom, Wis. During his military service, Mr. Abbott was hit by rebel bullets on two occasions, the missile, in one instance destroying his gun which he was loading, and also cutting his belt. -.^S^-J>t>j^^<5*f-"<5«j— ENRY E. ZIELLEY, M. D., a prac- ticing physician of Chilton, Wis., was born Feb. 14, 1826, in Mont- gomery county. New York, and is the son of Jacob and Catherine (Cook) Ziel- ley. When he was 13 years old his parents re- moved to Steuben county where he was a resi- dent until 1850, when he became a citizen of the West. He was trained in his profession in the medical college at Geneva, New York, whence he was graduated in 1849, and, im- mediately on receiving his credentials, he opened his practice at Hornellsville in his na- tive State. He came from there to Wisconsin and established his business at Manitowoc, where he operated as a physician until the Pike's Peak mania in 186U, when he went to that land of promise, but remained only a short time, as family circumstances necessitated his immediate return to Wisconsin. At Pike's Peak, he was offered the practice of a promi- nent physician and he thus lost an opportunity to advance himself. July 22, 1862, he received the appointment of 1st Assistant Surgeon of the 14th Wisconsin Infantry and made connec- tion with the regiment at Hamburg between Pittsburg Landing and Corinth in Tennessee. The regiment was in an unhealthy locality and there were a large number of disabled men. The labors of the surgeons and assist- ants, the unwholesomeness of the situation and the need of an adequate surgical force, had brought about an unfortunate condition of things, and Dr. Zielley, on his arrival re- ceived directions to proceed to the hospital and to look the men over and prescribe for them. He received no information as to the cases or method of conducting an army hospital, and with no help but the hospital steward, without advice or experience, he entered upon the duties as best he could. There were a hundred men who answered sick call, and all examination and treatment de- volved upon him. He was obliged to prepare the reports and has a vivid recollection of the trouble he experienced with the first one, as the proper individual for tbe work failed to per- form it. He went thence witli the regiment and performed surgeon's duty in the siege, and states that the I'ebels would have driven tiie Union troops or captured them if they had not exhausted the afnmunition for their artillery. On one occasion, one of the horses attaclied to the ambulance of Dr. Zielley was shot. He was surrounded by rebel skirmishers and approached by two rebel officers who re- marked to him that he would be safer in an- other locality and, as he coincided with their views of the matter, he made haste to get away with his ambulance and material with the ex- ception of a case of instruments he had loaned to another surgeon, which were left behind in the flight. In the action at Corinth, Dr. Zielley was the only surgeon of the 14th on the Held. He remained at his post until incessant duty, unwliolesome climate and the change of water undermined his health. Two days before the fight at Corinth, he was taken sick, but he kept up until after the battle when he ceased his labors. Meanwhile the position of surgeon had become vacant and, although most of the offi- cers of the command urged the governor to promote him, another surgeon received the appointment. He felt this injustice, but re- mained in liis position and discharged his duty as long as possible. In November, 1862, he obtained leave of absence and remained in Wisconsin until February, wiien he rejoined the command, although he was unfit for duty. In April he was again ill and obliged to resign. On his way home he was seized with erysipelas in his head and face, and many months passed before his health was restored. His success in his regnnental practice was entirely satisfactory, as he lost very few patients. When the 48tb Wisconsin Infantry was organized he received an appointment as 1st Assistant Surgeon. He was told by the governor that if lie would delay a few days he would give him a position as sur- geon in another regiment, but he decided to go with the 48th and immediately interested him- self in the work of organizing the regiment and the surgeon-in-cliief did not report for duty until the command had reached Fort Scott. During the summer of 1865, Dr. Zielley was 694 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF post surgeon at Olathe and went thence to the plains and was stationed at Fort Aubrey until March when the last companies of the "Buffalo Hunters" were mustered out at Leavenworth. In that forlorn country where the quarters of the distributed regiment were in dugouts and there Were scarcely better accommodations for the sick, Dr. Zielley realized the importance of keeping Inmself in as good health as pos- sible and managed his own camping apparatus, carrj'ing with him a small camp stove. One night, a non-commissioned officer came to his tent, pretending to be ill and without a proper place to stay, and the doctor sent for his cot and administered a dose of brandy and ginger. In the morning the young man was well, but had the folly to boast how he had fooled the doctor, who was informed of the facts in the case. Some years afterwards, the Lieutenant applied to him for a certificate to assist him in obtaining a pension, citing as proof of his claim his being sick and under Dr. Zielley's care. On application from an attorney and from the commissioner of pensions, Dr. Zielley gave them the truth of the matter. On his re- turn to Chilton he resumed his practice, which he has continued in impaired health. During his leave of absence from the army he was married June 14, 1863, to Arsinoe H. Gibbs of Chilton. Their daughters are named Adell, Irene and Hila. In 1SS5, Dr. Zielley became associated in practice with Dr. J. F. Luce, and their business is conducted under the style of Zielley & Luce. ■^-^W:^•^»S^»^^*C5*^-^■ i=iC-» MAGEE, Marinette, Wis., a iber of G. A. R. Post No. 207, born at Angelica, Alleghany Co., New York, May 4, 1837. He comes ofa valiant and distinguislied family in the paternal line, his father, Henry Magee, be- ing the son of parents born and reared in the strong Protestant element of County Antrim in the North of Ireland. Henry Magee, senior, was born there and married Sarah (Mulhollan) in that county and emigated to America, set- tlh^g in Bethlehem, Pa., among the community of Moravians who were the first settlers in tliat location. There he reared a family of children, lost his wife and married Susan Thompson, a lady of New Haven, Conn. The second family included two sons and two daughters, all of whom are living. He died at the age of 94 years. His father was 104 years old at the date of his death, his mother being somewhere in the "90's" at her demise. The half-brothers of Mr JMagee of this sketch, numbered three and he had two half-sisters. The former were asso- ciated with the chief incidents in the period of the second struggle with Great Britain, and one of them, John Magee, distinguished himself es- pecially in the course of his career. His father, with himself and a brother, Hugh, enlisted in the war of 1812, and their services where of a character that coincided with the race to which they belonged, and their native energy and sympathy with right and justice. John Magee belonged to a company of Mounted Rangers and performed a great amount of service requiring especial daring and bravery as bearer of dis- patches through unbroken and Indian infested country. John Magee was born in 1794 near Easton, Pa., in an almost pathless forest and in 1805, accompanied his parents to Groveland, Livingston, Co., New York, and in 1808 went with the family to Michigan, where he enlisted in the service of his country as related. He went, after the war to Bath, Steuben Co., New York, aiid at the age of 22 began a career in politics and finance, which crowded his after life with incident and crowned his memory with such honor as few men achieve, though they set out in life with all equipments seem- ingly necessary to a career of success. He had no education save such as he had acquired through experience, observation and such de- sultory study as he could devote to his meagre opportunities. His business qualitications in literary respects were the admiration and envy of his compeers and he was successfully chosen to fill the local positions in the municipal government where he lived. In 1826 he became a candidate for Congress and was elected and served so satisfactorily to his constituents, that he was re-elected and in this connection pei'- formed the service which linked him with the history of internal improvements in the Em- pire State in a signal manner. An account of his life is almost a necessity to the history of this country in any of its aspects. He identified himself with the development of the work re- ferred to in every available manner, speaking in season and out of season to the questions then of paramount interest, not only to the PERSONAL RECORDS. 695 locality but to the entire country. He estab- lished stage lines in the face of obstacles that would, by most men, have been considered in- surmountable. In 1840, he was interested ex- tensively in the construction of the Erie rail- road and in the construction of several others now consolidated. He was a banker of exten- sive relations at Bath and conducted his finan- cial afiairs in a manner in which the interests of the public was as much considered as his own. When the coal resources of Tioga County, Pennsylvania, began to be understood and prospective industry in that direction were dis- cussed, he was foremost in their development. The history of his connection therewith is best told in the influence he acquired among tliose most intimately concerned. He died in 1868, and Dec. 1, 1886, at Wellsboro, Tioga county, his monument, raised by those whose benefac- tor and friend lie had been in all senses of those words, was unveiled, the occasion being made one which formed an era in the history of that section of the Keystone State. The Hon. Dan- iel Beach addressed a large concourse of people of all stations in life, in an oration as masterly as the character he commemorated. He num- bered among his personsal friends such names as Horatio Seymour, Samuel Tilden, Ezra Cor- nell and others equally distinguished, who paid to his memory their tributes of kindness and honorable recollection. His life work is placed on these pages as that of one who sti-engthened the Government which he helped to establish and who left to his brothers and later genera- tions a heritage which they hastened to defend when rebellion threatened its disruption. Mr. Magee came to Wisconsin in April, 1868. His father had landed interests in Detroit where the city now stands, and about the date of his locating in that State he came to the Eastern shore of Wisconsin, encountering ship- wreck hi Green Bay in the same year — 1808. At that date the Indians were troublesome and he and his elder children were taken prisoners by them and his house rifled of all its contents. Henry was brought up in Central New York and in early life resided at Bath. He was a citi- zen there when Sumter called the North to arms and in the first year of the war he en- listed, enrolling at Watkins, in January, 1862, in the Seward Infantry, 103rd New York, Com- pany I, for three years. On the formation of his company he was made 2nd Sergeant. The regiment went from the rendezvous at Elmira to Washington whe^ <; the command sailed for Newbern, N. C. They went from there to Cape Hatteras and performed guard duty on special detail and were, later, assigned to duty at the cape lighthouse, where Mr. Magee was taken ill and sent to Newbern, whence he was dis- charged honorably on account of disability in- curred in the service, in December, 1862. The regiment went out under Colonel Baron Egloff- stein, former private Secretary to William H. Seward. The captain of Mr. Magee's company was Wm. M. Crosby for whom Mr. Magee after- wards recruited at Elmira. He was married Jan. 5, 1870, to Louise Percy, of Oconto, Wis. Their children are Flor- ence L., Maud M. and Frances C. Her father was a soldier in 1812. One of his cousins named Gray was taken from school by the Oneida Indians and as soon as old enough, escaped and went home, but his tastes had changed and he was so discontented that he re- joined his ca[)torsand settled in their village of Oneida. Her cousins, Earl and Frank Percy and James H(jdgins, enlisted in New York reg- iments. |f>r^HOMAS S. ALLEN, of Oshkosh, Com- y mander of John W. Scott Post No. ' ' 241 at that place, was born July 26, 1825, in Alleghany Co., New York. He received a substantial primary education and, before he was 18 years old, had acquired a practical knowledge of the printer's art, by means of which he paid his expenses while taking a collegiate course of study. After- wards he was occupied a short time in teach- ing and came in 1846 to Chicago where he obtained a position as foreman on a daily newspaper and operated in that capacity about one year and went thence to Dodgeville, Wis. On arrival at the seat of the mining district of Wisconsin, he engaged in several avenues of business successively, including mining, j^raeti- cal surveying and teaching. He had a work- ing ability which brought him to the notice of the municipality where he was located and, in 1850, he was made Clerk of the County Board of Supervisors in which he officiated two years. Until 1857 he was interested in real estate busi- ness and in railroading. In that year he was 696 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF elected to the Legislature of Wisconsin from the Mineral Point ]5istrict and served one terra. Again his capacity for usefulness and his knowledge of practical real estate matters made him conspicuous, and he was appointed Assis- tant Chief Clerk in the land office at Madison in 18G0. During the season of the Legislature that winter, Governor Randall had brought to the front the impending state of affairs between the two sections of the United States, and when the startling intelligence came from South Carolina, Wisconsin was found in readiness for the crisis. By the time the echoes from the attack on Fort Sumter had mingled with the western breeze at Madison, the local militia was under arms. Enlistments commenced and proceeded with a rapidity which constituted, one of the most glorious tributes to the quality of Americans when their country is in dan- ger ihat appears in the history of any time or people. April 13th, Mr. Allen was an enlisted soldier in the Governor's Guards and paraded in that city when the news of the fall of the forts in Charleston Harbor created a general sentiment of excited enthusiasm. He at once enlisted as a private, but after a few days was elected Captain of a company at Mineral Point, and Governor Randall at once commissioned him. On the organization of tiie several regi- ment from the thirty-six companies that re- ported for immediate service, "Company I" was attached to the organization, which later on became famous for its gallantry — the "Wis- consin Second." The command was in the reserve at Blackburn's Ford and in the route on the third day after — July 21st — it was the last to retreat and displaj'cd its pluck in a man- ner that attracted the attention of the suthori- ties even in that situation of disaster and dis- may. Tiie organization of the " 2nd " was pre- .served at Bull Run, and brought from the field in tolerable order under Captain McKee and Captain Allen, the latter conducting the rear- guard. The regiment was re-organized and August 22nd, L861, Captain Allen was made its Major. A few days later the command re- ceived brigade assignment, under command of General Rufus King. (See sketch.) It went into winter quarters October 5th, General King succeeding General McDowell as Division Com- mander, and General Gibbons taking command of the brigade. Major Allen was with the ex- peditions to Orange Court-House and others to destroy the Virginia railroads. During Gen- eral Pope's campaign, he was engaged with his regiment in several days skirmishing along the fords of the Rappahannock river. At Gaines- ville, the Iron Brigade fought a terrible battle alone, its officers and men alike distinguishing themselves by a quality of fighting that sent tlieir names to posterity as one of the most gallant organizations in the most extraordin- ary contest in the history of the world. The 2nd Wisconsin lost 64 men killed, and 247 men wounded. The brigade lost about 800 men, and all in about an hour and a half, but held the field against three times its own num- ber. Major Allen was twice wounded, but did not leave the field. His injuries were in the neck and wrist. At the Second Bull Run battle, the command again covered the falling back of the assaulting brigade, and were again the last regiment to cross Stone Bridge, Aug. 30, 1862. Col. O'Connor was killed at Gainesville,and Major Allen was promoted Lieutenant Colonel. He fought with honor at South Mountain Septem- ber 14th and at Antietam was acting Colonel of the "Second." He was wounded and carried from the Held September 17tli. January 24th, 1863, he was made Colonel of the Fifth Wisconsin, Colonel Cobb having been elected to Congress, and he reported for the in- cumbent duties two days later. In Februaiy, the "Light Division" was organized which was calculated for a species of service which is obvi- ous from the title bestowed. At Marye's Heights, which the casualties in the attack under Gen- eral Burnside had christened as the Slaughter Pen, the regiments composing that command ])erforrned a most distinguished service. A rebel battery was stationed on the top of the fortifications, others were on the right and left, and several companies of sharpshooters were ambushed behind a stone wall located in front of and below the 8th (Washington) Bat- tery of New Orleans, which celebrated organi- zation of war machinery occupied the main point of attack. The soldiers of the Fifth Wisconsin were depressed over the desper- ate emergencies which they knew were soon to be met, and ' Colonel Allen, in a char- acteristic manner took occasion to cheer them with the assurance that tiiey would be victorious in the assault. He told them when they iieard the order " Forward " to move on the double-quick and not to fire or answer a shot or to halt until they heard a decisive order Qc,jd. £c.^o.id ^. 6d^t^->-J»S^j^^«^5«f-«i^5,t-. 11 li^HOMAS DONA, of Winneconne, Wis., 1 1) was born at St. Mary's, Dominion of I ' Canada, July 24, 1825. He is the son of Bela and Louisa Dona, and his father died when he was so young that he has no remembrance of him. When he was seven years old he went to \^ermont and lived on a farm in Addison county until 1846, when he went to Glenn's Falls, Warren Co., New York. While in Vermont he had become a blacksmith, and pursued that business until he entered the army. August 21, 1862, he enlist- ed at Salem, Washington Co., New York, in Company D, 123rd New York Infantry for three years. The regiment was in rendezvous at Salem until they went to the front in Septem- ber, and arrived at Washington about the mid- dle of the month, where they remained about a month before going to Harper's Ferr}', where Colonel Miles was in command. Mr. Dona was detailed to the quartermaster's department, where he was occupied in shoeing horses and mules, and, not long after, was injured by a kick from a mule in the bowels. He reported to the regimental surgeon and requested to be examined; his request was refused and he was ordered to go to his tent under penalty of hard labor. Orders came the same afternoon for the regiment to leave Harper's Fei-ry, and Mr. Dona Was left behind. He found two of his company who were loading a tent, and he was asked if he wished to accompany the command ; he re- plied that he could not walk or ride, and his Lieutenant told him if he wished to go he would see to the removal of the fixtures of his shop and carry him in an ambulance, but he was not able to go. Alter the regiment had gone he went to tiie hospital and a few days after went back to Washington. He went next to Fairfax Court House where he was examined by a hospital surgeon and discharged on a cer- tificate of disability, Jan. 6, 1863. He returned to New York and in 1860 went to Neenah, Wis., where he worked at his trade seven months. He went thence to Christian county, Illinois, where he managed a farm about eight years. He returned to Neenah where he passed three years and then went to Winneconne. He was married November 6, 1854, in New York, to Mary J., daughter of Edward and Jane (Henderson) Mott, a native of New York. Her father was a soldier in the civil war and her brother James enlisted in the 1st Connecti- cut Heavy Artillery. Clark Mott, another brother, enlisted in Washington county, New York, in the 22nd New York Infantry, and afterwards in Battery I, 16th New York Ar- tillery. Mr. and Mrs. Dona have an adopted daughter named Beatrice ; she was formerly Beatrice Travis, the daughter of an Illinois soldier. Slie was educated at Winneconne and is now a teacher. The maternal grandfather of Mrs. Dona was a soldier in 1812. -^t^»-;»t^^^«tf5tf-»<5«tH. UDOLPII BENCE, of Appleton, Wis., is a native of Switzerland, and was l)orn in Toving, May 17, 1845. He was six years old when he was brought to this country by his parents. His father was named Rudolph Bence and was a weaver by trade. The family landed at New York and went thence to Rochester, Monroe Co., New York, where the son resided twenty- six years. He came thence to Appleton where he worked for the gas company five years. After that he began the business of locating water on farms which he warranted as perma- nent. He followed this business because he understood it, and could employ others to per- form the necessary labor, being incapacitated from hard work by hernia, which was caused by hardship in the army, and in the labor of building forts and breastworks after the fight at Chancellorsville. He was a little past 17 when he became a soldier. He enlisted Aug. 3, 1862, as a private in Company G, 140th New York Infantry for three years at Rochester, New York. He re- mained in the service until the termination of 704 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF the war, and received an honorable discharge at Elmira, N. Y., Julj' 19, 1865. He was per- sonally under rebel fire in manj' skirmishes and in several prominent battles, as follows : Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville and Gettysburg. Mr. Bence was several times an inmate of the hospitals. He was sent to How- ard hospital in Washington, while the regiment was at Culpepper awaiting the movements of the force of the Eastern division, having suf- fei'ed a sunstroke from the unaccustomed heat and exposure. He went also to the Convales- cent Camp at Alexandria where he passed seven months. He was in the former hospital three weeks. After the battle of Gettysburg he went into the 1st Battalion, Invalid Corps. The command was stationed at Washington, D. C, and was in tlie defense of that city at the time of Early's raid. Later, he was sent to Elmira to guard rebel prisoners, and was there still when the close of the war closed his connection with the military affairs of the country. He was married Sept. 14, 1872, to Amanda Sharp, who died June 13, 1876, leaving two children — Mamie and Lillie. Jan. 28, 1878, he was married to Mary Preach. Mr. Bence is a member of Post No. 133, Geo. D. Eggleston. -J!»t^'»-J»»^;^^tf5.^-<- "ILLIAM H. ROZELL, resident on section 13, Seneca township, Wood county, Wis., formerly a soldier in the civil war, was born Sep- 1830, in Union, Broome Co., New York, and he is the son of Michael and Betsey E. (Bacon) Rozell. In 1842, the family removed from New York to Pennsylvania and Mr. Rozell came thence to Wisconsin in 1856, locating in Waushara county. His parents, with other members of their family, removed to the State in 1862. He was a resident there until he be- came a soldier. He enlisted at Plainfield, Au- gust 21, 1862, in Company G, 30th Wisconsin Infantry for three years. The regiment was mustered into service in October and was occu- pied in State service for some months. In May, 1863, Company G was sent to Northern Wisconsin where it remained until the last of August, and in December, went to Daven- port, Iowa. In April, 1864, the company to which Mr. Rozell belonged, went to Min- tember 1, nesota, and he remained at Fort Snelling until June when he started for Dakota and as- sisted in building Fort Wadsworth. In Sep- tember, he commenced the march to St. Paul and went thence on a transport down the Mis- sissippi River to St. Louis, whence he pro- ceeded to Louisville. After that he went to Bowling Green and in January went back to Louisville where he performed provost duty until February and went thence to Frankfort, and in June returned to Louisville where he was on duty during the remainder of his active service. He was taken sick with fever and went to the hospital, where he remained until he was discharged. While marching from Fort Snelling to Fort Ridgely he received an injury which produced hernia which has since been a source of trouble. After the war he re- turned to Wisconsin and located in Seneca township in 1875. Mr. Rozell is an engineer by profession and is following that business in a saw mill near Vesper. He nrarried Caroline Adams and they have had eight children. Sarah B. and Archie L. are the only survivors. The six who are deceased died in early child- hood in the following order: — Julia, Roland, Ada May, Henry, Emma and Carrie Estella. Mr. Rozell was in the service when his son Roland became dangerously ill and he made all possiljle haste to reach his home to meet the procession with the body of his little dead child half a mile from his own door. Mr. Rozell had five brothers who were enlisted men in the civil Vvar. Charles F., George H., Alber- tus L., Orlando and James enlisted and served through their periods of enlistment ; Michael, Jr., enlisted twice but was rejected because lie was too small. Mr. Rozell is the owner of 40 acres of land which is his homestead property and has a cranberry marsh of 160 acres on sec- tion 12 in Seneca township. His grandfather, Jeremiah Rozell, was a soldier in the war of the Revolution seven years. «-^>t^■^^^»^J^^>^5^^-^<^5<^•• ONRAD SCHURI, of Oshkosh, Wis., and a member of Post No. 241, G. A. R., is an adopted citizen of the United States. He was born in Bavaria, Germany, March 25, 1839. He was a little past his 22nd birthday, when the summons came PERSONAL RECORDS. 705 from the President, in April, 1861, for the im- mediate enrollment of an army of men to sup- press the rebellion in the South. The attack on Fort Sumter was on the 12th of April and, two days later Mr. Schuri's name was on the list of defenders of tlie ilag ot his country. He enlisted as a private in Company F, 28tii New York Infantry, enrolling at Brooklyn, N. Y., for tiiree months. The command wms involved in the battle of Bull Run and shared the com- mon fsite of that action. The regiment of Mr. Schuri was mustered out at Brooklyn, .July 28, 1861, its period of service having expired. A short time thereafter, lie came West, locating at Oshkosh. In the fall of 1861, the country was in a state of alarm over the condition of things along the line of action and it was generally feared that all that had been accomplisiied would be in vain. Wisconsin soldiers were rapidly enlisted and tiie feeling in the whole West was perhaps deeper than when the attack was made in the harbor of Charleston. February 13, 1862, Mr. Schuri again enlisted at Oshkosh for three years in the 19th Wisconsin Infantry. He enrolled in Company F, and the I'egiment was sent to Madi.son to guard tbe rebel prisoners who were afterward transferred to Camp Douglas at Chicago. The command left the State for the Eastern division of the army in June and before the. close of the month was as- signed to the region about Norfolk, Va. The Colonel, Horace T. Sanders, of Racine, was ap- pointed Provost Judge at Norfolk, and the sol- diers of his command performed provost duty in the vicinity until April, 1863. They were . transferred to the work of building fortifica- tions in the month named, in which they were engaged until August, when they were assigned to garrison duty at Yorktown. In the fall they went thence to Newbern, N. C, and the com- panies of the regiment were variously stationed, their Lieutenant-Colonel being in command of the fortifications there. Tiie defenses were at- tacked by the rebels about the first of February, 1864, and the soldiers of the 19th repulsed the enemy against fearful odds. The companies were placed on detached duty at various points until April, when the command was ordered to report at Yorktown. It was assigned to the 18th Army Corps, 1st Division, 3rd Brigade. They left for the Army of the James in May and were on duty as constructors of defenses, until the 9th of May, when they were engaged in the destruction of the Richmond & Peters- burg railroad. In the action near Fort Dar- ling which occupied four days, the regiment was in hot fight a portion of the time. The operations on the last day by the regiment made a success of what was seemingly a forlorn hope. One of the prominent actions in which Mr. Schuri was involved, was in the celebrated attack on Petersburg in June, 1864. He also fought at Fair Oaks where nearly the entire command was captured by the rebels. After this the 19th returned to camp at Chapin's Farm and thence to Richmond where, after the fall of that city, it was engaged in picket duty as long as Mr. Sciiuri was connected witii it. A prominent incident in the experience of Mr. Schuri IS the fact tiiat he was one of tiie detail from his command who drove the rebel pickets through Richmond and who unfolded to the breeze, the first Union ttag that floated over the subdued center of rebellion. His period of enlistment expired in February, 1865, but he was not discharged until March 29th following. He was mustered out of the service of the United States at Madison, Wis. Although he was exposed to disease in the first part of his experience as a soldier and in severe fighting when his compau}' was in ac- tion at the various points, he suffered as little from the casualties of war as most of tlio.se who were in a similar service. He did not escape wholly from wounds or sickness, but bullets touched his person with little results thit were serious and once when he went into hospital with ague, he was permitted to take charge of his own case at his own expense, and he was soon well. He was promoted to Sergeant dur- ing the first of his engagement and afterwards was made Corporal of his company. OHN FETZER, a prominent citizen of Forestville, Wis., and an infiuential member of the Grand Army of the Re- public in Northeastern Wisconsin, was born July 8, 1840, in Germany. He came to America witii his parents in 1850, and reached the State of Wisconsin in May, 1850; the fam- ily located in Manitowoc county, where he grew to manhood. In June, 1861, he enlisted and engaged in the recruiting service for the 7th Wisconsin Infantry, but that regiment being ?06 SOLDIEtfS' ALBUM OF filled before his men were presented, his plan was abandoned. On the organization of the 9th Wisconsin, he enlisted, Sept. 14, 1861, in Company B, and was made Corporal on the or- ganization. He was wounded at Jenkins' Ferry, and was breveted Captain for conspicu- ous bravery during the engagement. He was mustered out Dec. 3, 18G4, his term of enlist- ment having expired. Among the prominent fights in which lie was engaged were the battles of Newtonia, Mo., the second battle of Pea Ridge, Fayetteville, Cane Hill, Prairie Grove, Van Bureii, Spoonville, Little Missouri Cross- ing, Prairie d'Ane, Camden, Princeton and Jenkins' Ferry. Li this battle, the rebels were partly attired in federal uniforms and the attack- ing force appeared, driving a flock of sheep in order to fully deceive tlie Union troops. Tliey M'ere unsuccessful in their attempt and in their exjiectation of winning a victory at the crossing. The men fought enthusiastically and Corporal Fetzer was the first man mentioned in the dis- patches from his company. He was wounded twice in the breast and once in his right arm and re- ceived a 60-day furlough instead of being sent to the hospital. After he had recovered he as- sisted in the draft in Manitowoc county. There was much opposition to the draft, in certain lo- calities, especially among the foreign-born pop- ulation. One Sunday night, one of the notify- ing officers was fired on and Mr. Fetzer went the next day into the town of Kossuth. He was met by a woman who begged him to go back, telling him there were a hundred men be- hind the hill and he would be injured or killed, but he rode on without seeing or hearing any- thing to disturb him. He was unarmed and at one place about 15 Irish women confronted him and tried to dismount him while their hus- bands hid behind buildings armed with shot guns. He got away in safety from tlie shot guns and the women. His white horse became known to the people and its appearance was the signal for the disappearance of the party to whom he had a mission. Once he stopped at a house where he was met by a woman, who said her husband had gone to Canada. Mr. Fetzer ob- served a small trap door in the floor which seemed to be in motion, and he stepped for- ward, took his stand on it, pressing it tightly down; he took out his note book and began to write while he talked to the woman. The man below kept quiet and Mr. Fetzer left him un- molested as he was simply ascertaining the sen- timent of the people in regard to the draft. Se- rious difficulty during the draft was only pre- vented by judicious management. After his discharge, Mr. Fetzer returned to Manitowoc county and afterwards went to For- estville, and established a flouring mill on the Ahnapee River and he is still engaged in its management, with both water and steam power. He manages also a general store. He has offi- ciated as Cliairman of the Town Board of Su- pervisors since 1867, with the exception of two years, when he declined. He has served three years as Chairman of the County Board of Su- pervisors, and has filled other local offices. He has been postmaster at Forestville since 1881. In 1884 he was elected to the assembly from Door county, running as a Democrat and win- ning m a District having 1,200 Republican ma- jority. In 1883, he was tlie leading spirit in the establishment of G. A. R. Post No. 97, at Forestville and is its Commander. This Post was the nucleus for the Posts at Ahnapee and Sturgeon Bay. He was married, Nov. 19, 186G, to Anna Fet- zer, and their children are named Henry, Laura and Anna. *^?«*;^J^>(^«^^<^5<^<^5t>>^^i^<^^4 R. Post, No. 40, was born Nov. 5, ^-"^ 1833, in Madison Co., New York. He is the son of Zebulon and Electa (Rhodes) Johnson, and his father died when he was four years old in 1837. Mr. Johnson came West in 1848 and located at Stockbridge, where Lis mother died in 1849. He was engaged in farming until the war, and, when enlisting commenced in Calumet county, he was among the first to enroll. He enlisted April 27, 1861, in Company K, 4th Wisconsin Lifantry, which was the first company raised in Calumet coun- ty. On the formation of his company he was made Corporal, and was afterwards promoted to Commissary Sergeant, after the conversion of the command into cavalry. Later he was ottered a Lieutenant's commission which he thought best to refuse. Mr. Johnson was in all the movements of the regiment preliminary to the capture of New Orleans, and he was present at the surrender of the garrisons in the rebel forts St. Phillips and Jackson; fought at Baton Rouge, went three times to Vicksburg ami twice to Port Hudson; and was in the actions at Warrenton, Grand Gulf, Bisland and in Bra- shier City. After the equipment as a cavalry regiment he was in almost incessant skirmish- ing with guerrillas, and he was in all the actions of his regiment excepting that at Opelousas. Li the action at Port Hudson, June 14, 18G2, he was in charge of the company. He was in a location about 12 feet from the fortifications, and in the charge he was wounded in tlie left shoulder and passed two montiis in the hospital. In other engagements he received other in- juries and at Baton Rouge, a bullet permanent- ly crippled the little finger of his left hand. In that battle the line was formed at 3:40 a. m. by General Williams. The 14tli Maine was a mile and a half away on the left of Magnolia cemetery, and the 21st Indiana was on the right, several regiments being stationed between them and the river ; the 4th Wisconsin was in the arsenal. Picket firing was followed by vol- leys, and the 14th Maine was surprised asleep and chased from their beds and their camp was burned. They retreated in their drawers and shirts to the position occupied by the 4th Wis- consin, where they obtained arms and fought as long as the battle lasted. At the expiration of his time Mr. Johnson was mustered out and received honorable discharge, .4ugust 9, 1804. He was married July 7, 1859, to Mary June Debney of Stockbridge. Mr. Johnson owns a small farm and works at his trade of carpenter ; he is a citizen of good standing and enjoys the confidence of the community where he resides. He has served in the capacity of Justice of the Peace. HARLES F. ELDRED, attorney at Wausau, Wis., was born Feb. 28, 1841, in Warren, Pa. He was four years old when his father and mother removed with their family to the city of Harrisburg and thence they went, five years later, to Betiiany, Wayne county, which was his home until 1871. His father was a man 108 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF who had the welfare of his children uppermost in his interest and the son received the rudi- ments of an English education in the common schools and was graduated from the University of Northern Pennsylvania. He reached the period of legal freedom before the Civil War was a year old, and in July, 1862, he enlisted in a regiment which was designated " Scott's Nine Hundred," or the Eleventh New York Cavalry, and was an independent body until the autumn of 1863. Mr. Eldred enlisted in A Company and when the regiment went to Wasliington the company was assigned to duty as the President's Body Guard, the rest of the command being detailed on provost duty at various points in the city. Company A was stationed at Camp Relief and performed the duties of "Body Guard" until the spring of 1864, when the entire command was ordered to report to General Banks for service in the Red River expedition, but failed to arrive there in season for tliat unavailing service. It was as- signed to the defenses along tlie Mississippi River from Baton Rouge to Carrolton, a suburb of New Orleans, and ojierated as river patrol, skirmishing, driving guerrillas and getting itself into the clutches of the enemy, which latter feat was accomplished Aug. 4, 1864 ; 87 members of the command escaped, Mr. Eldred among them. He had been disabled by a fall of his horse which produced hernia of perma- nent tj^pe and from which he has since suffered. '1 he capture took place at Doyle's Plantation, in the immediate vicinity of Donaldson ville. La., by whicli name the atttur is known to history. After a captivity of several weeks the prisoners were exchanged, the regiment re-organized and in Se})tember was sent to Baton Rouge, where the command was assigned to the brigade of the 4th Wisconsin and others, under General Bai- ley. Later, the regiment was assigned to the command of General Davidson, and with eight other regiments of cavalry went on what was known as the "Sweet Potato" or Pascagoula Expedition, marching 300 miles from Baton Rouge, living on half rations and crossnig for the most part swamps, and journeying through pine woods. The movement was a feint on the railroad and was intended to hold the inter- ested attention of the rebels and thereby pre- vent their interfering with the plans of Sher- man. They proceeded from Pascagoula to Carrollton and thence with new equipments, new mount and rejuvenated, so to speak, to Memphis, and performed guard and picket duty until May 28, 1865, when Mr. Eldred was mustered out. He entered the service as a pri- vate and passed the grades to 2nd and 1st Lieutenant successively and was discharged under the last commission. In 1858 he commenced the study of law and was admitted to practice in the State and Fed- eral courts in December, 1861. He returned to Hethany and resumed bis business and there served two terms as District Attorney. In 1872 he came to Wausau and at once entered upon a successful and popular business in his profes- sion. He has ofttciated as District Attornej' of Marathon county and is present (]ity Attorney of Wausau (1888.) In Pennsylvania he served four years as Assessor of United States Internal Revenue b}' appointment of President Johnson. Nathaniel B. and Sarah M. (Dimmick) El- dred, his parents, were respectively of New York origin and New England ancestry. He is Scotch in the paternal line and English on that of the mother. His father's father was a soldier of the Revolution and died in 1801. Through bis mother, be traces to the May- fiower. The celebrated Bucktails of Penn- sylvania was recruited principally through the eftbrts of his cousin, John A. Eldred, who was made its major on organization. Mr. Eldred was married Oct. 18, 1866, to Emma West, and they have four children as follows; — Nathaniel B., MoUie, Artliur G. and Nina 0. Mrs. Eldred was born in Bethany, Pa., and represents historic stock, her grand- father, Benjamin Wbittaker, having been one of those involved in the Wyoming massacre. After that terrible affair the I'amily crossed tbe Delaware River and located near Deposit, N. Y. The wife and mother died Oct. 31, 1886. Mr. Eldred has been Commander of Cutler Post one term. ■»^»J^»-J»t^^^>^5«f--«^«J-» Cjr^y^ ILLI AM RUSSEL BLOOMFIELD •^y/ of Racine, Wis., was born Oct. P^ 20, 1833, at Utica, New York. He is the son of Joseph Ellis and Mary Frances (Barbaroux) Bloomfield, the latter a daughter of Andreas Barbaroux, of French lineage, who acquired a substantial fortune as a planter on the island of St. Domingo, and PERSONAL RECORDS. 709 later in life, located in Burlington, N. J. The former was the son of Dr. Samuel Bloomfield, a son of Dr. Moses Bloomtield, both being sur- geons in the Revolution. The family has always been distinguished by intellectual abil- ity of the highest order, wliich was recognized and utilized in the formation of the general and colonial governments. Dr. Samuel Bloom- field received permanent injury to iiis health in the service and died young, leaving three sons, two of wliom died in niihtary service. Giles B. was a mere lad, although a soldier, and Ogden B. was killed the moment after captur- ing a British flag in the war of 1812. His lifeless body was wrapped in the flag and car- ried home, the ensign wliich cost him his life long remaining in the family as a prized relic. Joseph Bloomtield went early in life to reside with his uncle, Major-General Bloomtield, after whom he was named. He was a favorite with his distinguished uncle and received the aff^ectionate consideration of a son. General Bloomfield served three terms — 12 years — as Governor of New .Jersey, and was one of the original founders of the "Order of the Cincin- nati." Joseph Bloomfield, an adopted son, re- ceived the badge of the Order and William Russel, as his father's oldest son, and nearest in descent, is now its custodian, and is probably, the only representative of that proud organiza- tion in the State of Wisconsin, to wliich he was admitted July .5, 1875. Josepli Bloomfield was a Captain, then Major, and after being wound- ed in action, resigned to accept the Mayorship of Burlington, N. J., was Presidential Elector in 1793, was Governor, Brigadier-General and Member of Congress. Joseph Ellis Bloomfield was U. S. Consul at Cadiz, Spain. W. R. Bloomfield was brought up in his father's household under the nurturing care of a wise and gentle motlier, and as he approached later youth, was given clioice of a collegiate education or practical business training. He was in the fever of a boy's unrest and in the enthusiasm of dawning manhood and the con- finement, routine and duration of the life of a student presented to his vivid imagination only the irksome phase, and he chose tlie latter alternate, with its promise of immediate activ- ity and certainty of novelty. At 19 he was placed with an extensive cotton commission house, Messrs. Nourse & Brooks, at Appala<'hi- cola, Florida, and continued in that connection two and a half years. His next business ven- ture was at Chicago, where he operated until 1857, when he removed to Milwaukee, witli the purpose of perfecting a system of accounting to be used by the then Prairie du Cliien rail- road corporation under the management of William Jervis, its superintendent. Aug. 8, 1862, he enlisted in Company D, 24tli Wisconsin Infantr}' at Milwaukee for three years. That regiment included two companies of railroad employes — D and T. He served with his company as a non commissioned otficer through the nctions of Perryville, Stone River, Hoover's Gap and Chickainauga, participating in all the hardships and vicissitudes of the command until alter the last-named figiit, when shattered healtii presented the alternative of discharge or an assignment to service of less severity. Accepting the latter, he entered the secret service of the Department of the Cum- berland, where he passed the remainder of his term of enlistment and received honorable, discharge at Chattanooga, Tenn. His only brother, Ogorted a charge at Noon-Day Creek and on the next jierformod the same ser- vice on the slopes of Ivenesaw. From the 22nd to the 26th they protected wagon trains and skirmished at Kenesaw on the 27th, continuing that variety of business until July 2nd, when they went to the " right. " On the 4th they had a heavy skirmish at Nickajack Creek and afterwards continued to skirmish on the Chat- tahoochee on the extreme right as ftir as Sand- town. On the 9th and 10th they went to the " left " and crossed the river at Roswell. On the 18th they were in the skirmish line to- wards Atlanta, passing througli Decatur on the 19t]i, camping four miles from Atlanta on the Georgia railway. On the 21st and 22nd the battle of Atlanta waged heavily and the 66th went into action on the 2'^nd on the double cjuick and at once engaged in the repulse of Hood, McPherson being killed in the charge. For three days after, Mr. Bill was exhausted, but was again in the field on the 28th and was on duty until the 25th of August in front of Atlanta. On that date tlie corps to which the GGtIi had been transferred (loth) were ordered to a tiank movement at Jonesboro and had a heavy engagement there on the 31st. After the evacuation on September 1st, (on the 4th and 5th) they went to Lovejoj' Station and skir- mished in front of Hood's command, returning to Atlanta on the 7t]i, going thence on tlie 26th to Rome, Ga. They burned that place and Nov. 11th went to Atlanta, destroying Ack- worth, Big Shanty, Kingston and all places on the line, arriving at Atlanta on the 15th and leaving next day on the march to Savannah. In front of Atlanta Mr. Bill was wounded in the thigh by a minie ball, but remained with his com[)any. Dec. 10th the regiment reached King's Bridge at tlie junction of the Canonchee and Savannah Rivers, south of Savannah. That city was oc- cupied on the 21st and the next day the 66tli was detailed for provost guard, occupying the old Government barracks until the 14tli of -Jan- uary, 1865. They set out on the march north- ward on the 15th and crossed the Savannah River on the 17th on a pontoon, Ijang ni the mud until the 29th. February 7tli tliey crossed tlie Black Swamp, arriving at Hickory Hill on the 9th, crossed Whippy Swamp, cro.ssed the Edisto on the 12t]i, arrived at Columbia on the 16th, skirmished on the 17tii and took pos- session of tliat place, followed rebel cavalry on the 18th and 19th to Branchville, on the 24tli encamped at Camden, skirmished with cavalry on tiie 26tli, March 5th, crossed the Great Pe- dee at Cheraw, and on the 14th passed through Fayetteville. March 20th, 21st, 22nd, and 23rd they were in the scrimmages in the vicinity of Bentonville, and on the 24th went to Gold.s- boro, N. C. April 11th the regiment cro.ssed the Weldon railwa)', arriving at Raleigh on the 14th. Two days later, they confronted the army of Joe Johnston at Morrisville. On the 18th the news of the assassination of Lincoln reached them and the excitement cannot be described. Many of Lee's paroled troops ap- peared at Morrisville on the same day. On the 21st the regiment returned to Raleigh and on the 25tli were reviewed by General Grant in person. This was followed by peremptory or- dors for preparations for battle and the 66th stood in line through tlie 27th. On the 28th Johnston surrendered to Sherman at Durham Station and on the 29th the regiment went north to Rolesville and on the oOtli went into camp. Mav 7tii liiey went to Petersburg and passed the' 10th, 11th, 12th and 13th at Richmond. March was resumed on the 14th and they en- camped at Alexandria on the 21st. May 24th they participated in the Grand Review at Washington, leaving the Capitol June 4th for Louisville, and arrived at Springfield, July lOth. April 29th Mr. Bill was made hospital steward, and July 4tli, 1865, was promoted to the position of Assistant Surgeon and was mus- tered out as such. He returned to Illinois and studied med- icine in the office of Dr. Jos. Pogue of Edwards- ville about a year, going to the College of Physi- cians and Surgeons at New York in Septem- lier, 1866, where he resumed the regular course until March, 1867, when he commenced to read with Dr. Charles West, of Plymouth, Ind., and remained until September, 1868, in that connec- tion,and also prosecuted a course of literary study in Wabash College, remaining until September, 1870, when he entered the Chicago Theolog- ical Seminary, whence he was graduated April 714 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF 26, 1873. His first charge was at Bethany Congregational Churcli of Chicago, and a year later, he accepted a call to the pastorate he is now tilling. In April, 1885, he went to Beloit, Wis., and preached to the congregation of the Preshyterian Church two years, when he an- swered to a recall to Menominee and com- menced his lahors in May, 1887. The church edifice has been erected since the beginning of his last pastorate and represents the progress and character of the society, in appearance and value. Mr. Bill was married Oct. 19, 1875, to Harriet A Woodford, and their household now includes two children — Clarence and Fanny M. Mrs. Bill was born at West Avon, Hartford Co., Conn., the birthplace of her father, Alonzo Woodford. (1814.) He was the son of Giles Woodford. The mother of Mrs. Bill was Har- riet Newell Thompson before marriage, and she was a native of West Avon. Her great grand- father, Lot Tiiompson, was a patriot of the Rev- olution. The lineage dates to the Mayflower. Lydia Stanley, from whom Mrs. Bill is removed five times, was the mother of Abbie Stanley, who was born in 1762 and was married to .Justus Francis in 1785. He was born in New Brit- ain, Conn., in 1762. Their daughter, Abbie S., was born Nov. 30, 1797, and married Cy- rus D. Thompson, Nov. 24, 1816. Their daughter, Hai'riet M. Thompson, who was born at West Avon, Dec. 14, 1817, and who married Alonzo Woodford, Sept. 23, 1838, was the mother of Hattie A. Woodford. Mrs. Wood- ford resides with her daughter, Mrs. Parsons, in Waterbury, Conn. -J'w^ -J»t>i^^<=*(f-»<5«;^^ I HI LIP? MATTES, who has been a resi- h^=-' dent of Manitowoc county. Wis., for {[^ 21 years, is a citizen of Kiel, and Commander of G. A. R. Post, No. 190. He was born Jan. 4, 1839, in Hesse Darmstadt, Germany. He came to America from Germany in 1854, and located in the town of Rhine, Wis., where he enlisted August 20, 1862, in Company H, 26th Wisconsin Infantry for three years. He went at once to Camp Si- gel, the rendezvous at Milwaukee, and proceed- ed thence three weeks later to Washington. A night was passed there and the regiment went the following day to Arlington Heights. The next day they went to Fairfax C. H., where they were assigned to tlie corps of General Sigel, and performed guard and picket duty until November, when a remove was made to Gainesville, and they were in that vicinity until they went to Falmouth, opposite Fredericks- burg. The regiment went next to Stafford C. H., and remamed until routed to join in tiie " Mud Campaign." Afterwards, the remainder of the winter was passed at Stafford C. H., and late in April, they started to take position for the battle of Chancellorsville. Mr. Mattes was engaged in the three day's fight there and fell back with the regiment to Stafford C. H. once more. In June, orders were received to take up the march Northward, the inviision of Penn- sylvania being imminent, and Mr. Mattes was next in the gallantly fought battle of Gettys- burg. He was wounded by a miuie ball in his left heel on July 1st. He was taken prisoner and was held by the rebels four days, and was then sent to Carver hospital, Washington, D. C, where he remained four months. In No- vember he rejoined his regiment at Knoxville, Tenn., and accom'panied it on the march to Atlanta. He was in the skirmishes at Buz- zard's Roost, and went by way of Snake Creek Gap to Resaca where he was in the fight. On the 15th day of May he was wounded by a minie ball, which struck him in the lower por- tion of the abdomen. He was placed in an ambulance, taken to the field hospital and thence to Chattanooga, and from the hospital there, he was sent to one at Nashville. He was transferred from there to St. Louis and thence to Prairie du Chien, Wis. There he was treat- ed five months and was discharged from Swift hospital, June 30, 1865. He returned to his home in Rhine. He was elected Town Treas- urer and, after serving a term, purchased a farm to which he removed. Mr. Mattes has served in several capacities as municipal offi- cer, among which is that of Supervisor for four years and School Treasurer for eight years. He married Julia Reichart, and their children were born as follows: Philip, Feb. 21, 1868; Katie, July 28, 1870; John, April 24, 1872. The mother died in 1872 and Mr. Mattes was married in 1873 to Theresia Franz. Their children were born in the following order : Jacob, Dec. 22, 1873 ; Louisa, Nov. 21, 1875; George, Oct. 5, 1877; PERSONAL RECORDS. 715 Herman, Nov. 2, 1882; Gustave, March 25, 1886. Two sous and a daughter died in in- fancy. .^-j^. ARTIN T. CRANDALL, a citizen of ^^i^]\ Plainfield, Wis., member of G. A. iJti^V ^- i'ost No. 150, at Hancock, was bom Feb. 28, 1828, in Hector, Tompkins Co., New York. He is the son of Jolni T. Crandall, wlio was born in Ducliess county, New York, and who removed to Plainfield, Wis., where he died in June, 1867, aged 84 years. He was a soldier in the war of 1812, and married Elizabeth Hagaman. She was born July 8, 1800, in Oswego county, New York, and resides at Plainfield. Both parents of Mr. Crandall were personal friends of Captain Molly Pitcher, who served her hus- band's gun after he was killed in the battle of Monmouth in the the war of the Revolution. Mr. Crandall was destined for the profession of medicine and studied some time to that end but, becoming dissatisfied with it, he engaged in farming and has passed the years of his business life in that vocation and as a carpen- ter. Before he became a resident of Wisconsin, he lived in New York and Pennsylvania and came to the Badger State in 1861, when he located at Plainfield. April 1, 1861, he en- listed in the 3rd Battery, Wisconsin Light Ar- tillery. The organization was known as tlie " Badger Battery " and, after the completion of the . organization at Racine, the command moved to jjouisville, Ky., where its membei's received drill through the winter and went on the march to Nashville and thence to Savan- nah, with the intention of re-enforcing Grant during the battle of Pittsburg Landing and arrived at Savannah after the fight was over. They moved successively to the Landing and Corinth and afterwards to luka and Tu.scum- bia and moved north with the Union troops under Buell. They were in position during the battle of Perryville, in which they were in action for the first time and moved afterwards to Mount Vernon and Nashville, whence they went to Stone River and had a skirmish with rebel cavalry on the morning of Dec. olst. January 1st, they opened the battle and were in the action of the next day. Mr. Crandall was discharged Jan. 7, 1863, on account of disabil- ity; he had received several injuries, one of which he sustained at Louisville and was re- ported killed. His hips were injured and at Bowling Green on the way from Perryville to Stone River, he was wounded in a skirmish. He was previously injured at Perryville in his left knee and he was in the hospital at Park Barracks, in Louisville where he wasdi.scharged. He returned to Waushara county and located on his farm near Plainfield, of which he is still the proprietor. He married Amanda, daughter of William and Sarah (Freeland) Crandall in Waushara county and they have a son named William, who was born Sept. 23, 1866. At the time, Mr. Crandall purchased his farm, it was in its original condition and he has placed it under valuable improvements. ■>^:>*^*-;^t^^^<^i' ARREN T. SEYMOUR, residing in Peshtigo, Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 207 at Marinette, was born Jan. 12, 1845 in Dexter, Washtenaw Co., Mich. He is the son of Isaac I. and Mary Ann (Warren) Seymour and, when he was 10 years old, his parents removed from Michigan to Wisconsin, locating in Oconto county where his father engaged in farming and where the son was brought up in a knowl- edge of the same business. December, 5, 1861, he enlisted in Company I, ord Wisconsin Cavalry for three years, en- rolling at Oconto. In 1864 he was made Cor- poral of Company C in the same regiment and received discharge in April 1864 at Little Rock, Ark., to enable him to reinlist in the same regi- ment and he served as Corporal until his final discharge, September 25, 1866 at Madison. Ho was 17 years old when he enlisted in the com- pany of Captain Theodore Conkey. (See sketch.) In March he went to St. Louis with his regi- ment and remained in Benton Barracks until May 3rd, when he went to Fort Leavenworth and was there mounted. His company was as- signed to the 2nd Battalion and was sent to Fort Scott, where the command was placed for the protection of Union people, to disperse guerillas and take notes of the rebel move- ments. In August, the company made a charge through a force of 200 rebels at "Church in the 716 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF Woods" wdthout loss. Mr. Seymour partici- pated in tlie subsequent activity of his com- pany and took part in the battle of Prairie Grove. Li May, 1863, Company I was sent to Fort Blunt as escort for the post supply train and encountered the rebels at Cabin Creek. While performing the same service later, he fought at Honey Springs, and again at Baxter Springs, where the rebels were disguised in Federal uni- forms. The detail confronted the rebels with pistols, carbines and sabres and were nearly all killed, but he was one of the few who escaped death. After reinlisting, he took his furlough, rejoining his regiment in June at Duvall's Bluff and passed the remainder of his service in scouting, performing guard duty, patrolling roads and skirmishing with wandering guer- rillas and bushwhackers. He was in hospital at Fort Scott, was sent thence to Little E-ock and finally to .Janesville, Wis. Mr. Seymour returned to Peshtigo and was occupied in farming until October, 1871, when lie passed through the horrors of the fire which de- vastated that section of Wisconsin and, in addi- tion to his loss of property, was that of his son Levi, who died from the consequences of the heat and exposure. Mr. Seymour married Catherine J. Leslie and their living children are named as follows: — Gordon Edward, Thomas Henry, Leslie R., May, Samuel Spencer, James Alden, Zella, Maria and Chester. ••-J5»^>-^w^;^5^<5«^^l«5«f-»<^iart of 1860 came to Wiscon- sin, locating at Winchester. Meanwhile, Mr. Luck of this sketch had acquired a knowledge of the trade of a carpenter. (His mother died on the ship on the pa.ssage and received ocean burial.) During two years following his re- moval to Wisconsin Mr. Luck worked at his trade in Oshkosh. He resolved to enlist and did so in August, 1862, at Oshkosh, enrolling in Company G, 21st Wisconsin Infantry. He was mu.stered in at Camp Sweet (named for the colonel of the 21st) Sept. 2nd and on the 12th went to the front. He remained nearly a week at Covington, Ky., and went from there to fight at Perryville, the first and last battle in which Mr. Luck participated, and he made his ac- quaintance and final bow in a very short space of time, as he had not been in the action five minutes before he received the rebel com])li- ments in a very decided manner. A bullet struck his right leg and another passed through his body, grazing his left lung and breaking two ribs. This occurred about four in the afternoon of Friday, October 8th, and he lay on the field until 10 o'clock of the following day. He was conveyed to the field liospital, where he remained about a week without the care of a surgeon, when he was taken to a private house in Perryville and, after a stay of two months, went to hos])ital No. 7 at Perryville. Feb. 17, 1863, he was discharged for disability resulting from gunshot wounds. While on the road home he was obliged to make a stay at three hospitals — Covington, Louisville, and Toledo, Ohio. Dec. 1, 1863, he went to Madison where his leg was amputated Jan. 3, 1864, and he re- mained in the hospital until May 12th, when he went to Chicago and had a cork leg fitted at the expense of the Government. The stump is about four inches in length and the artificial member has never been a comfortable adjunct to his movements. He returned home and, Dec. 13, 1868, was married to Henrietta Krantz. Mrs. Luck was born in Germany and came to America in tlie spring of the year in which she was married. She died at Winneconne, May 21, 1883, and left two children — Emmeline and Ottila. Oct. 9, 1883, .Mr. Luck was again mar- ried to Matilda Martin and they have two chil- dren. Frederick W. and Amanda are their names and they are the pride and hope of their parents. Mrs. Luck is the daughter of Freder- ick and Carolina Marten. Her father died in Germany before the daughter came from there alone in 1881. Her mother is still living in " Der Faderland." Mr. Luck has resided in Winneconne since 1882. Since his return from the army he has been able to do very little work. He tried active labor as a mechanic for about three years and then bought 17 acres of 3. ©€. jDU^olia.^, PERSONAL RECORDS. 721 land at Winchester, which he sold in the year mentioned as that of his rennoval to Winne- conne. He is a staunch Republican and a re- spected citizen. He is still suffering from the wound in liis chest which is the cause of more annoyance than the loss of his limb, as the lung was injured. l^pRANCIS AUGUSTINE DELEGLISE, L^ — ' Antigo, Wis., a member of G. A. R. Post No. 78, is one of the most prom- inent citizens of the section of Wiscon- sin where he resides, and where he lias been one of the most influential factors in the pro- gress and settlement for man^ years. He was born Feb. 10, 1835, in Bagne, Valais, Switzer- land. His father, Maurice Deleglise, was a native of the ■" land of Tell", as was also the mother, Catherine Land, before her marriage. The paternal descent is almost unique, tliere being few of the name in Switzerland and those are traceable to the same ancestry. Tliere is a tradition that the name is of Italian origin, but the history of the family' of Mr. Deleglise dates to a period before the recorded history of the country begins. The mother was the daughter of a soldier, who fought in the French army in the Emperor's " Swiss Guard " and, at the time of the revolution in Paris, narrowly escaped witli his life. He afterwards went to Spain, where he was connected with the array and, after his return to his native country, he was married and Mrs. Deleglise is his first child. Her mother died when she was three years old and her father lived in her family until about 1843. Of their children, eight in number, three are living. On coming to America, the elder Deleglise located at Theresa, Dodge Co., Wisconsin. (1848.) The family settled on a piece of wild land and the united labor of the father and sons was devoted to its improvement. (On his arrival with his house- hold in Milwaukee, the elder Deleglise possessed a cash capital of $18, wlierewitli to commence the world.) In 1854 another transfer was made of the family and their interests to another wild farm in Wisconsin, located in Mishicot, the location being now included in East Gib- son, by the division of the town. There the mother died in 1855. Thence the family re- moved to Pella, Shawano county, in 1862. They settled on another farm in the wilderness and from there went to Morris (now) which was named in honor of the christened name of the elder Deleglise, but was given a different orthography. Here tlie youngest .son estab- lished a homestead whereon the father passed the I'emaining years of his life. Mr. Deleglise was 13 when, in 1848, he accompanied his par- ents from Switzerland to America. He had received a careful but limited education in his native country and, being a bright, quick lad, had made good use of his opportunities. When he was 14 years old, he went to the lakes and engaged in tisliiiig, in which he was interested until the next year. He went then as a sailor before the mast on the vessels on the lakes, in which business he continued to operate until the winter of 1854-5, when he returned home, convinced that other and more profitable fields of venture awaited his energies and abilities in the unsettled and untraversed wilds of Wiscon- sin, and he, at once, made preparations to engage in the business in which more than 30 years of his life have been spent. As occasion demanded and opportunity offered, he fitted for a practical surveyor and civil engineer and, as soon as he began to give attention to locating lands, he acted in that capacity in tlie interests of the Bohemian settlers in the towns of Mishi- cot and Gibson in Manitowoc county and in Franklin and Carleton in Kewaunee county. (These names have been assigned to the loca- tions since the date of the transactions referred to and which took place mostly in 1855-0.) In 1858, Mr. Deleglise started from East Gibson with his family and effects for the present location of Leopolis in Shawano county. He intended to drive there with his ox-team but, in the vicinity of Appleton, his team showed the ett'ects of previous hard labor and he stopped to recruit. He remained there until the out- break of the war, when all the inheritance of freedom eveiy Switzer carries in his veins rqse tuii-ultuous to participate in the suppression of the revolt of the rebellious States. He enlisted at Fond du Lac in July, 1861, ill the organiza- tion known to Wisconsin history as " Bragg's Rifles." (Company E, Otli Wisconsin Infantry.) Tlie regiment left the State July 28tli lor Wash- ington and was assigned to the brigade that received the distinguishing title of the " Iron Brigade " in the course of the service whose arduous character, combiued with the quality 722 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF of the soldiers composing it, made that title eminently fit and appropriate. (See sketch of General Rufus King.) Mr. Deleglise was de- tailed in August, 1861, with about 60 men from General Gibbon's command to act as guard of his brigade train at Catlett's Station. On the night of the 22nd an attack was made by Stew- art's cavalry and the guard was aroused from sleep about midnight by the approach of the rebels. Every man flew to his arms and fell into the nearest squad. The detail chanced to be in three squads and that of Mr. Deleglise took position between the right front and the railroad, lying in the grass. A lieutenant passed orders to reserve fire until the word was given and also to disperse afterwards and to rally again at a given point. A charge was made by about 400 rebels, who rode forwards firing re- volvers and carbines and were met by a volley from the squad. Mr. Deleglise halted his fire for an instant and, in the glare of the incessant lightning, was able to discern the horses of the invaders, rearing and plunging in unmanage- able confusion, as he aimed and fired. Three charges were made with, substantially, the same results. Meanwhile, several cavalrymen rode into the camp and gave orders to fire it, assuming to be Federal officers, but even in the darkness they were recognized and their scheme frustrated. One soldier was closely pressed by a cavalryman and threw himself under a wagon; as he did so his pursuer struck at him with a drawn saber, inflicting a wound across his hand. This was tlie only casualty to the little troop of about 60 men who successfully fought about 400 cavalrymen on that night, which has be- come historic from the darkness and the char- acter of the storm, as well as being that of the attack on Pope's headquarters at Catlett's Sta- tion. The second squad was in position in front of the camp and the third was at the left front, and were, also, repeatedly charged upon during the night with practically the same results. The protection of the rear was en- trusted to the guardianship of the raging and swollen river. Mr. Deleglise rejoined his regiment the next morning after the battle of Gainesville and he was in the remainder of the conflict at Manasass where his brigade covered the retreat after the unsuccessful action. He was in the chase into Maryland and fought at South Mountain. He went with his company into action at Antietam. There was a masked battery in the historic cornfield, when the company of Mr. Deleglise endeavored to gain the position. The com- mand lay on their arms all night and, at day- light, formed in line of battle and as the men fell in, a shell dropped and exploded on the immediate right of Mr. Deleglise, sweeping away 18 men on his right and in his rear, leav- ing him the first man on the left of the gap. Directly after, the stentorian order, " close up", came from the lips of Captain Brown of Com- pany E, which were probably the last words he ever uttered as he was killed a few moments later in Miller's orchard. Mr. Deleglise went immediately into the heat of action in the corn- field and, just before the order came from Gen- eral Gibbon to fall back, after a terrific on.setby the rebels, Nicholas Gafthey, a well beloved comrade, received a shot in the stomach. Mr. Deleglise stooped to draw his knapsack under his iiead and passed on leaving his friend for dead. (Gaffney recovered.) Mr. Deleglise looked about him to see how many of his company remained and saw only four besides himself. No oflicer was on the field but Corporal (after- wards Lieutenant) George D. Eggleston. He had partly loaded his gun, wiien the line from tlie company on his right closed down and the first man next him had drawn his gun to his shoulder and aimed, when a ball passed into his left eye and out of liis right ear and he fell without firing. Mr. Deleglise also arranged his knapsack for a pillow and taking the cocked Springfield, fired his comrade's load and at the same instant a bullet grazed his right cheek and broke one of his teeth. He heard the order for the line to fall back and, as he turned to obey, received a bullet in his left thigh. He ran back to a fence at the edge of the cornfield, laid down in a ditch to finish loading and aimed at the color bearer of the apjtroaching solid line of rebels, 60 feet away. At the same instant a ball crashed through his skull, strik- ing him in the upper right side of the frontal bone. Not feeling equal under the circum- stances, to the emergency of a struggle with a solid line of advancing foes, he dropped his accoutrements and ran. He soon came to a fence, behind which he found a line of Union soldiers as solid as that of the approaching rebels and, as Mr. Deleglise expresses himself, he " cannot find words to adequately describe his satisfaction " over the certainty that those who had sent him from the field with three wounds were likely to receive similar compli- PERSONAL RECORDS. 723 ments. He went to a stream in the vicinity to wash, as he was nearly blinded by tbe blood which flowed from his head. As he moved on, he approached a liouse which stood in tlie rear of the battle and which was tilled with wounded from both armies who were receiving every attention from several ladies, tlie oldest of whom remained in her kitclien throughout that da}', cooking for the wounded, and, while she stood unflinciiingly at iier post, seven can- non balls crashed through the room. She paid no attention to the interruptions, e.Kcept to watch the falling splinters until they settled themselves, when she would return calmly to her work. Mr. Deleglise remarks with emphasis on the order which prevailed at the rear. Not a straggler was to be seen and he walked sev- eral miles to Middletown in company with an- other wounded man. His injuries received surgical attention and he went thence in an ambulance to a Jesuit Seminary at Frederick City. He was next transferred to the Chamber of Representatives in the Capitol. A few days later he went to Newark, New Jersej', and thence to the New England Soldier's Relief at New York, 194 Broadway, where he performed hos- pital duty two months and thence rejoined his regiment at Belle Plain, Va., where the com- mand was in winter quarters after the battle of Fredericksburg in December, 1862. In April, 1863, he was in the detail to cross the Rappa- hannock for the purpose of laying a pontoon bridge which was attacked l)y a galling tire from which the detail did not flinch and, the 6th Wisconsin and 19th Indiana pressing forward upon their foes, captured more men than their united numbers. Mr. Deleglise was assigned to the color guard and served in that position until he left the army. He was in his place in the battle of Gettysburg. In the early part of the day the regiment was in the reserve and, as soon as released, moved to the support of the right of the division on the double-quick. The command reached a position 40 rods from the rebels, who made haste to gain a railroad cut, from which they poured a murderous fire into the 6th Wisconsin, which, with two New- York regiments, charged the cut and the rebels surrendered. Mr. Deleglise hadi-eceived a bullet in the calf of his right leg and another struck the knee of the same limb, splintering the bone to the hip. He hopped toward the rear and encountered Lieutenant Mangan of Fond du Lac, whose right leg was shattered. (See sketch.) The latter besought him for aid and Mr. Deleglise laid down beside him, re- clining on his left side and attempted to band- age the injured ankle witli his right hand. But he found his muscles were rigid with the shock of his own injuries and, telling his Lieu- tenant that he could not assist him, he moved along slowly until overtaken by a crowd of rebel prisoners on their way on the double quick to the rear of the Union lines, and he was assisted by them until they encountered two dismounted cavalrymen who took him in charge and carried him to the cellar of a Ijrick house, where numbers of wotmded men were placed side by side on the stone floor, the Union soldiers and the rebels lying promiscu- ously, no longer divided by factional o|)inion but united in a common suH'ering. During the night of the 3nl and 4th of July the rebels were removed by their friends and, in tiie fore- noon of the 4th, Mr. Deleglise was removed to a hotel in the city. An incident that occurred in the cellar illustrates a sentiment that was conspicuous in numberless instances through- out the war. Mr. Delegli.se observed that a shadow had fallen across the light of the open door and, looking up, he saw a rebel Adjutant standing there and looking about him with manifest interest. He was a man of superb physical proportions, more than six feet in height and it was evident that his jiurpose was not an idle one. Presently he moved forward, carefully guiding his steps among the prostrate bodies of friends and foes, until he reached a place where the outlines of two figures could Ijc discerned under a protecting quilt which had been wetted with cold water to alleviate the suf- ferings of the two men it covered. The rebel officer enquired as to their respective com- mands. Ti>e man nearest answered that he belonged to the 25th Georgia; the other man answered "I belong to the Federal Army." The othcer drew from his pocket his canteen filled with milk punch and tirst gave a drink to the Union soldier and afterwards to the man who belonged to his own side. Mr. Deleglise was removed to Baltimore with other wounded in box cars and was placed in West's Buildings hospital, where he remained two months before going to Harvey hospital in the same city and was transferred some months later, to David's Island in New York harbor. He was after- wards transferred to Harvey hospital at Madi- son, where the ball that shattered his leg was 724 SOLDIERS ALBUM 0^ cut from his back, where it had been imbedded 11 mouths. He received his discharge in Sep- tember, the document dating back to August to equahze his time with the date of his enlist- ment. Late in the same month, September, 1S64, he rejoined his family at Appleton. He was married by a Catholic missionary Nov. 29, 1856 at Two Rivers, Wis., to Mary Borova. Mrs. Deleglise was born Jan. 1, 1835 at Taus, and is the daughter of Simon and Dorothea Borova. Following is the record of the children born of this union: — Mary The- resa, Oct. 15,1857; Sophia Emily, May 10, 1859; Francis Joseph, Oct. 26, 1860; John Emanuel, Feb. 14, 1866; (Ash Wednesday); Henry Bene- dict, Dec. 30,1868; Anna Elizabeth, Aug. 1, 1867; Adelbert Augustine, Nov. 5, 1870; Alexis Lambert, Sejit. 17, 1872; Edmund Paul, July 6, 1875. Mary Theresa was married to John Deresch, June 7, 1875 and her husband died August 14, 1883. She was married April 11, 1885 to Samuel E. Leslie. Sophia Emily was married Jan. 30, 1882 to James O'Connor, and their daughter, Margaret Ethel, was born Nov. 7, 1882. Henry Benedict Deleglise died June 8, 1871. Mr. Deleglise resided at Appleton until the spring of 1871 when he removed to Shawano county and f(junded a settlement at Leopolis. Li the summer of 1872 he returned to Apple- ton where he remained until 1877, when he lo- cated the pi'esentcity of Antigo at a point in the wilderness of Northern Wisconsin, " 21 miles beyond the last white woman." He platted the town with an eye to its future appearance as well as to other considerations pertaining to its growth and prosperity. His skill as a civil engineer was brought to bear oathe completion of his plans and he was so enabled to enlist gen- eral niterest that the little municipality soon numbered 500 people and shortly after increased to about 1,000. Its present population (1888) is about 3,300. When Mr. Deleglise founded the city, the Lake Shore railroad was in process of construction northward from New London and Mr. Deleglise presented the corporation about 50 acres of land, which included a num- ber of city lots, the depot grounds and the right of way through the city. In 1881 the road reached Antigo, which was incorporated in 1885. Mr. Deleglise is a man of fixed and decided moral principles which he endeavored to bring to bear in every possible way in the municipal affairs of Antigo. He exerted his influence to prevent the liquor traffic and to this he attrib- utes the wholesome and vigorous growth of the place and was successful in suppressing saloons until 1886. He was largely instrumental in se- curing the location of the M. & L. S. R. R. ma- chine shops at Antigo, which added to the sub- stantial progress of the place in population and financial resources, a condition which has at- tracted other capital to the same point. In the improvement of Nortiiern Wisconsin the name of F. A. Deleglise is insepai-ably con- nected with the history of its advance. In all his efforts he has been instigated by no spirit of selfishness or gain to himself beyond that which is the right and privilege of every American citizen, who has struggled to bring his country to an ideal standard among the Nations of the earth. In political connection and action he is devoted to the principles of the Republican party. The portrait of Mr. Deleglise which appears on page 720 was copied from a photograph taken at Appleton, July 7, 1888. •-^^t^-'-T^;^ »^5«;^>^5«e-f LEMENT TRICKEY, a resident on section 24 in Oasis township, Wau- shara Co., Wis., was born March 28, 1828 in Poland, Maine. His father was a soldier in the war of 1812. He passed his boyhood, youth and early manhood in his native State and was married Nov. 30, 1855, to Ursula P. Gleason. In the year following his marriage he brought his wile to Wisconsin and settled in the township of which he has since been a resident and where he has engaged in successful farming. His parents accompanied him to the State. Feb. 26, 1864, he enlisted in Company F, 36th Wisconsin In- fantry at Germantown for three years. He went into the camp of rendezvous at Madison, where he remained until May and went thence to Washington to join Gibbon's brigade in Han- cock's Army Corps, was on the field of Spotsyl- vania, and joined the army soon after the bat- tle. He was in the action a few days later on the North Anna River, and was in the fight on the 1st of June in which liis company with three others, were on tlie skirmish line and he was in the charge in the afternoon on a rebel battery and, in a few minutes more than half of PERSONAL RECORDS. 725 the advancing force was killed. This was known as the hattle of Turner's Farm and followed the action at Tolopotoray Creek, the companies engaged having been on picket through the previous night. The remnant of the command were in the battle at Cold Harbor and when the advance was made, the 36th, which had been in the rear, took the lead, and when the rebels commenced firing, the regi- ment was ordered to charge, but the rebel fire was so hot that orders were given for the men to lie down and, during the succeeding part of the action, they were between the two fires. The day was excessively hot and Mr. Trickey received a sunstroke from which he has never recovered. He was removed from the field, was transferred to the hospital at Washington and lie rejoined his command in December fol- lowing and did not miss duty a single day un- til the close of the war. He remained in winter quarters until February 5th, when he was in the second action at Hatcher's Run. For some days tiie regiment was without tents or shelter of any kind and during this time witnessed the action, which was conducted by a detachment from a Massachusetts regiment. Here they learned that disaster had overtaken the rebel army and that Lee's command was retreating. The regiment joined in the chase and Mr. Trickey was engaged in the skirmishes which preceded and resulted in the fall of Petersburg and Richmond. He was a witness of the sur- render of Lee and, after participating in the Grand Review at Washington, received honor-- able discharge and was mustered out at Madi- son, July 12, 1865. After his arrival at the Capital of Wisconsin he was sick in hospital about a week. The oldest daughter, Mary, married Ezra Achilles of Almond, Portage county. Their other surviving children are named Edgar, Cora and Frank. The oldest son died when 22 years old. ILLARD CLOUGH, of Oshkosh, Wis., is a descendant of the " Green Mountain Boys", hav- ing been born in Washington, Orange Co., Vt., June 8, 1842. He is a mem- ber of Oshkosh Post, No. 241. He enlisted when he was just 22 years old in the month of June, 1862, as a private in Company B, Seventh Squadron, Rhode Island Cavalry. He enlisted at Norwicii in his native State, where there liad been for many years a military school of the United States, and his squadron was sent to Rhode Island and assigned to the r-avalry com- mand of Major Corliss. His term of enlistment was for three months, but he served four months. He received honorable discharge with the other surviving members of his squadron at Providence, R. I., in October, 1862. On be- ing assigned to their position in tlie Army of tlie Potomac, his regiment was put in the advance and they were tlie first troops to move up tlie Valley of the Shenandoah after the celebrated retreat of General Banks. The Rhode Island Cavalry was the only cavalry in that march. There were two companies — A and B — 180 men. The consternation created by the retreat of General Banks was the cause of rapid enlist- ments in June and July and the need of caval- ry began to press. As soon as it was available, an attempt to repossess the territory from which the Union forces had been driven was made, but .lackson was still on the alert and prevented its accomplishment. It was known that the rebels planned an inva-ion of .Vlar}^- land with Wasliington as their objective point. The fact that .Maryland was open to the invaders caused the greatest alarm tiirougliout that portion of Pennsylvania in pro.xiniity to the border State, and troops hastened foi-ward. The cavalry was in the fight at Harper's Ferry against General Hill, thesiege continuing three days and ending in a Union triumph, the rebels evacuating their works September 20th. They fell back on Winchester and the cavalry- was on picket and skirniisli dut}' until the ex- piration of the period for whicli the squad to which Mr. Clough belonged had enlisted. He had been ill with typhoid fever and his weight had fallen from 180 pounds to 'J7, and he iiad not a hair on his head at the time. The hos- pital at Winchester, Va., was captured by the rebels and guarded until the patients should recover. There were about 300 sick and, as fast as a squad was able to travel, it was dispatched to Richmond. The physician in charge of the hospitiil was Dr. Carpenter. (His name may be of some use in recovering clues for soldiers.) The building occupied was the female seminary at Winchester. In the room in which Mr. Clough were ill there was 16 cots, and while he Was thei'e seven of the occupants died. 726 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF Mr. Clough's time for setting out for the rebel capital came with returning health and he started with 47 comrades under a guard of soldiers belonging to Ashby's Cavalry, con- sisting of eight men. He succeeded in making his escape and proceeded to Providence where he was mustered out. In no history have the hardships of the cavalry been adequately de- lineated. A civilian may possibly imagine what it would be to be on guard or seeking bushwhackers for days and nights in succession without rest and jierhaps without food, but only experience can convey a full understanding of the realities of cavalry service. ••^^!^ -^>t>;S^^'«5tf^<5t>;J^^.ff*C- t>*^^«^^^-»<5»f^ IHr^HOMAS WINTERS, a resident of Rem- e) ington. Wis., was born in England I ' March 12, 1836. He came to Amer- ica in 1850 when he was still a boy and came directly from his port of landing at New York to Chicago, 111., where he remained until 1859 when he removed permanently to Wisconsin. He has been occupied in the va- ried work of a lumberman and has also been interested to considerable extent as a farmer. He is present proprietor of a farm of 160 acres on section 2 in the township of Remington, on which he resides and he is also manager of a cranberry marsh owned by the Muscatine Com- pany of Iowa. He enlisted in February, 1862, in Company G, 12th Illinois Cavalry for three years at Chi- cago, whither he went for the purpose. On the organization of his company he was made Cor- poral and was discharged as such in March, 1864, in St. Louis in order to veteranize in the same command. The regiment was assigned to the army of Virginia and went to West Vir- ginia where Mr. Winters was first in action at Martinsburg and went tlie;^ce with the com- mand of Miles and cut their way out and cap- tured Longstreet's ammunition train near Wil- liamsport, Md. He was in the battle of Antie- tam and afterwards at Gettysburg and soon after his regiment was sent to the West with the troops that were detailed to assist in the operations at the later battles in Tennessee and in the spring of 1864 went to Louisiana with the Red River expedition. He was in the se- PERSONAL RECORDS. 729 vere service of that campaign and in all prom- inent battles and skirmishes in which tiie cav- alry force was involved. One of marked prominence was at Mansura, near Marksville, in whicli he had the satisfaction of assisting in the repulse of a heavy cavalry force. At Alex- andria an incident worthy of note took place. Mr. Winters and two comrades went on a fora- ging expedition and were captured by a band of guerrillas and taken to Slireveport, La., where they were robbed of all they possessed and then turned loose to make their way back as best they could. Their regiment had gone to Galveston, Texas, beyond immediate reach and tiiey were compelled to walk and beg their way until they reached the Mississippi River. Two of them engaged on a boat as deck hands and worked their way to LaCrosse, Wis., and then went on the log drive. The regiment was discharged before Mr. Winters could get back to it and he has never received liis last discharge papers. At Gettysburg Mr. Winters received a bullet in his neck and went to the field hospital where he remained over night without being attended by a surgeon. He became disgusted with the neglect and he returned to his regi- ment where he was cared for by his comrades and recovered without trying any more hospi- tal experiments. He returned after the war to Wisconsin and was married to Frances Gould. Their surviving children are named Anna, Jennie and Melvina. The latter is married. Mr. Winters is the son of Thomas and Anna (Bind) Winters. They were natives of Eng- land. USSELL A. LOOP, a physician at Black Creek, Wis., Commander of G. A. R. Post No. 116, (1887) was born in Russell, St. Lawrence Co., New York, Oct. 15, 1814. He is the son of Da- vid and Sally (Fletcher) Loop, the former a na- tive of Otsego Co., New York, (born near Cooperstown) and the latter a native of Troy, in the same State. The family in the paternal line is of Holland origin and located on the Holland purchase in the Empire State. Dr. Loop was reared in his native place and en- listed Oct. 18, 1861, at Russell in Company L, 9th New York Cavalry, and was made regi- mental farrier on the organization of the com- mand. He received honorable discharge Oct. 19, 1864, after varied and exciting career in the cavalry service of the Potomac. Dr. Loop is made of the stuff from which good .soldiers are constructed ; he ])Ossesses manly reliance and a sense of the absurd, which is the best possible safeguard against demoralized judgment in an emergency. His personal experiences would fill a volume and in detail would fully display the courage, promptness and endurance re- quired in cavalr}' service. His regiment was in the field in the spring of 1862, and Dr. Loop, having been commi.ssioned 1st Lieuten- ant performed much detached duty of import- ant character. He was in the battle of (Gettys- burg and in the 2nd Bull Run, besides i)ar- ticipating in countless skirmishes. At Gettys- burg he was on the per-sonal staff of General Meade and, after the battle, was detailed with 10 men to go to Middleton, Md., to procure hor.ses to transport the wounded to the railroad. The place was filled with rebels but he suc- ceeded in obtaining such animals as he wanted, securing for himself a fine bay horse, and while he was performing his duty, he was frequently fired at while vaulting over fences and in otlier prominent positions. In the valley of the Shenandoah in 1864, he was detailed as commander of ambulance trains. On one occasion he was en route to Harper's Ferry with 54 ambulances filled with wounded soldiers, and he halted at Stony Creek, near which a supply train had been captured and had 24 mounted and 100 dismounted meu as escort. His escort was light as possible and, while moving on, the dismounted men marched on either side of the train while he and his mounted squad led the advance. He was not apprehensive of attack because of the recog- nized rules of modern warfare, which count as barbarism the firing on an ambulance train or in the direction of a hospital flag. The reb- els fully sustained their reputation for utter disregard of every humanitarian principle in warfare and fired a volley at the ambulances. Lieutenant Loop rode to the rear, formed his dismounted men into line,who returned the fire of the rebels, who fired again. "Draw sabers ; carry sabers ; trot ; right cut ; and hold your cut until you can make it deep; charge" was the command of Lieutenant Loop to his cavalry guard and they charged upon the enemy, the dismounted meu firing on the right and left 730 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF flanks. The squad wheeled and the Lieutenant issued the following order : — "Every man pick a man ; left cut and pierce and right cut; make good cuts," and charged back and dispersed the rebels. His HoUand blood was up and he was impatient of the delay and trouble and he enforced Sheridan's order "Never to take a pris- oner witli an ambulance train." He encoun- tered a man named French from his own town who had deserted to enlist in a rebel regi- ment, and who was not held a prisoner. Lieu- tenant Loop lost a finger in this encounter. May 3d, 1864, his command mounted, prepara- tory to a movement froni Culpepper to the Rap- idan, and they were in saddles almost con- stantly for 62 days in numerous skirmishes and in all the services incidental to cavalry experi- ence in the campaign in Virginia, through the summer and early fall of 1864. After leaving the Rapidan, Lieutenant Loop went to Wash- ington, thence to Harper's Ferry and to the valley of the Shenandoah, where he partici- pated in every battle and skirmish under Sher- idan. Dr. Loop came to Wisconsin in 1861, and lo- cated at Black Creek, where he has since prac- ticed his profession. He was married Oct. 15, 1843, to Josephine Steele. His daughter Mary M., married .John Chamberlaui of Kaukauna. His son, G. L. Loop, now of Bessemer, Wis., ac- companied his father to the army when 14 years old and served three years. MOS BOUSQUET, of Appleton, AVis., ^ was born July 16, 1847 at St. Dennis Province of Quebec, Canada. He was twelve years old when he came to the States and enlisted at sixteen. He lo- cated at Putnam, Conn., whei'e he went to school and worked in a cotton mill. A fter en- listing in January, 1865, he went to Trenton, N. J., and thence to Governor's Island, New York iiarbor, where the recruits of his regiment, the 35th New Jersey, rendezvoused. He en- rolled in Jersey City in Company F, and was discharged June 30, 1865 in Washington after the close of the war. The colonel of his regi- ment was Switzer, now of New Bruns- wick, N. J. From the harbor of New York he proceeded to Wilmington, N. C, and thence to Raleigh where he joined his command. From there he went to Fredericksburg and thence to Peters- burg. At Appomattox he was a witness of the surrender of General Lee and the next remove of his regiment was to the rebel capital — Rich- mond. They went next to Washington where they encamped and a month after were dis- charged. From Washington he went to Balti- more and thence to Philadelphia and New Jersey, then to the city of New York where he took the boat to New London, Conn., thence to Dennisville and to Williarasville, Conn., to visit parents where he met with a warm recept- ion from a large assemblage of friends. On resuming connection with the affairs of civil life he learned the art of turning wood and obtained plenty of business in manufacturing bobbins for the extensive cotton mills of that part of Connecticut. Afterwards he went to Spencer, Mass., and learned the business of a shoemaker, wliich he followed as a vocation until 1886. During that time he traveled from place to place as was the custom of his craft. He ar- rived in Chicago in 1871. He was there through the great fire and on Friday after, went to Cincinnati where he remained three years. He also pursued his trade in Columbus for a time and came to Appleton in 1881 where he continued to follow his vocation until 1886. In that year he engaged in the saloon business and conducts an extensive and well regulated establishment in Appleton. He is unmarried. He is the son of Levi and Lucie Bousquet and has four brothers and a sister. -^t^->^>*^j^^«5tf^-«5.^ IMEON B. NELSON, of Oshkosh, Wis., and a member of Phil. Sheridan Post, No. 10, was born March 7, 1828, in Roxbury, Cheshire Co., New Hamp- His father, William Nelson, was born in England and came to America in youth ; he married Lucy Batchelder, who was born in Massachusetts of parents descended from Scotch ancestry. Mr. Nelson was educated primarily in the district school and studied two terms subse- quently at an academy. When he was 18 years old, he commenced learning the manu- facture of wooden ware at Westport in his na- shire. PERSONAL RECORDS. 731 tive State, which he pursued some years at tliat place and afterwards operated as a manufactur- er of sash, doors and blinds, in which he en- gaged in 1853 with two partners, himself acting in the capacity of general manager of the business. In 1857 he came to Wisconsin and located at Menasha, Sept. 28th, and engaged as foreman of the Menasha Woodenware Co., and remained in that employ until he entered the army. In the second year of the war he re- ceived a commission as a recruiting officer and opened his office at Menasha, and recruited for Company I, 21st Wisconsin Infantry, enrolling August 28, 1862. On the formation of the company, September 5th, he was made Captain of Company I, and left tlie State with the regi- ment in September, going to the defense of Cincinnati, then to Louisville and from there to Kentucky, and led his men on the field of Perryville. He was with his command m the subsequent marches and performed guard duty and other military service until December 30th. The brigade train was moving on Jefferson Pike and Captain Nelson was on duty in com- mand of tiie escort wlien Wheeler's cavalry at- tacked the train whicli consisted of about 28 wagons and Captain Nelson was taken prisoner, and held in custody 36 hours when he was paroled. He had been meanwhile without food and was almost helpless, and was assisted by an Indiana soldier. He went to Nashville and thence to Camp Chase by order of General Mitchell. Four months later he went to Benton Barracks, St. Louis, to await exchange, and for several months was ill from the exposure and hardships to which he had been subjected. He resigned April 25, 1863, at St. Louis, on account of disability caused by disease contracted in the service. He returned to Menasha, where he gave his attention to recovery of his health, when he resumed his former position as fore- man of the Menasha woodenware factory. He soon discovered that his health was too much broken to admit of the active work of the shop, and he bought a farm, on which he operated two years and was materially benefited by the change. In 1869 he was called upon to go to Pfcshtigo to take charge of a woodenware man- ufacturing business. He went there, managed the adjustment of the machinery and operated the establishment until the autumn of 1871, when his business wiis closed by the Peshtigo fire. Nine years before to a day (Oct. 8, 1862, Oct. 8, 1871), Captain Nelson encountered the disaster on the field of Perryville, and he states that there was scarcely a choice between the jierils of either place. A short time after tlie destruction of Peshtigo lie returned to Menaslia and again assumed charge of the establishment in which lie had formerly operated. Nov. 3, 1877, he resigned his position there, and in April, 1878, removed to Oslikosh, wiiere he formed a business relation with George Ken- nan, a comrade in the 21st Wisconsin Infantry, and L. E. Nelson, as the Wisconsin Manufac- turing Co. The relations of the concern con- tinued two years, wlien the Messrs. Nelson pur- chased the interest of Mr. Kennan, and they afterwards admitted H. B. Eldridge to a jjart- nership, and their relations with that gentleman continued one year. They bought his interest and conducted their affairs jointly until 1883, when they purchased a half interest in the Tustin Mill property, with S. R. and C. R. Clark, and their business relations have since been conducted in the same connection. Captain Nelson was married May -Itli, 1852, to Louisa M. Bailey, of Swanzey, New Hamp- shire, and they had three children. Eugene F. is deceased ; Emma S. and Lulie L. are liv- ing. The mother died Feb. 10, 1863. Captain Nelson was married again May 4, 1864, to Lestina E. Holt, and their three chil- dren are named Elwin F., Flora May and Roy B. The Captain is a Republican of radical stripe and proud of the record of his party. '^=!iIj^HEODORE H. DODGE, a citizen of I) Shawano, Wis., and a former soldier Ij for the Union in the civil war, was ""^^ born Oct. 8, 1834, in Seneca Falls, N. Y. His parents, Lyman and Emily (Howe) Dodge, are deceased, the former dying in 1882 at the age of 84 years. The latter died in 1857. The father was a drafted man in the second war with Great Britain and arrived at Plattsburg the day following the battle. The son grew up in his native place and came to Wisconsin in the "50s," located in the Northeastern part of the State and has been a factor in its develop- ment. Oct. 4, 1861, he enlisted in Company E, 1st Wisconsin Cavalry at Ripou for three years, and was made Corporal on the formation of the 732 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF company. He received honorable discliarge Oct. 16, 1802 at Cape Girardeau, Mq., on ac- count of general disability from chronic bowel disease and fever. After leaving the State, Mr. Dodge went witli the regiment to St. Louis, Bloomfield and Chalk Bluffs and, until he was seized with illness, he performed his duty as a soldier in all the varied work which the 1st Wisconsin passed through, and which has never received due commemoration from obvious causes, as is always the case with cav- alry and other branches of the service. On returning to Wisconsin after receiving his discharge, he gave his first attention to re- cruiting his healtli and afterwards engaged in business as a lumberman in which he has been foremost and prominent on the Wolf River, his business associates being Christopher Hill and Henry Sheriff of Neenah. He was one of the first connected with the opening of the lumber- ing interests on the Wolf. Mr. Dodge is a typical Western man. He is affable, genial, noted for his good comradeship Avith all, and his sturdy good sense and reliant nature, which make him popular with all classes. He has served in positions of respon- sibility in local government and belongs to G. A. R. Post No. 81. He was a war Democrat, and is a man of conservative ideas, modest, unassum- ing and averse to notoriety of any description. But many friends ot Theodore Dodge will wel- come the most meager account of his busy, well-regulated life in this work. He has three brothers. Frank Dodge was a soldier in the 10th Wisconsin and is a resident of Shawano. Frederick A. is a farmer in Belle Plain. John D. is a lumberman at Chippewa Falls. LBERT K. PORTER, a resident of Sha- ^ wano, Wis., and a former soldier in tlie service of the Union was born in Carbondale, Lausanne Co., Pa., March 18,1835. He is the son of Samuel S. and Parthenia (Siiaw) Porter, and his father is living at Belle Plain. His mother died in Pennsyl- vania. Mr. Porter took the direction of his ca- reer into his own liands at the age of 13 years and has carved for himself an honorable name and a useful life. When he was 21, in 1850, he came to Wisconsin and went to work on the river. Oct. 29, 1861, he enlisted at Ripon in Com- pany E, 1st Wisconsin Cavalry, for throe j'ears. He served until his period expired and received honorable discharge in November, 1864, at Cal- houn, Ga., after three vears of almost unremit- ting active service, having lost but 30 days time. He was made Duty Sergeant and Orderly and during the first year and a half he was occupied in bushwhacking and all which that sort of ser- vice implies, and was in heavy action atChick- amauga and Atlanta. He was with Major Paine, when that most gallant and daring otficer was killed. He fought six days at Mossy Creek in Tennessee. In the beginning of the Atlanta campaign, Colonel LaGrange was ordered to de- velop the strength of the rebels and a severe en- gagement followed. yV charge was made on the rear guard of Wheeler in wliich 52 prisoners were captured, mainly through the instruuien- tality of Sergeant Porter and Captain Smith but, according to the way of things in the army, Col- onel LaGrange receiving the credit. After the war, Mr. Porter went to Shawano, at a time when there were only 75 men in the county. He was the first man who took a log from "Shawano Lake. He has become a sub- stantial citizen and is managing a prosperous business. He is also a farmer. He married Es- tella Morrison of Oshkosh, and their daughter is the wife of F. .J. Martin of Shawano. Mr. Por- ter has officiated in local oflices; he is a man of reliable upright character, and possesses a tem- perament, which renders him popular and promi- nent. He has a nature which reflects its char- acteristics on his friends, and his name is the synonym of good fellowship and good feeling among his associates. He is a Democrat in po- litical connection, but not actively interested in politics. ACOB A. SCHOFIELD, resident at Han- cock, Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 150, was born Jan. 21, 1825, at Wantage, New Jersey. He removed to the West in 1855 and located at Plainfield, Wis., in tiie midst of a region very spar.sely set- tled and remote from railroads and places where there were settlements. When the war came ou he took au interest PERSONAL RECORDS. 733 in the result and resolved to enlist. March 29, 18G4, he enlisted at Plainfield in Company D, 37th Wisconsin Infantry for three years. He was made Corporal and Sergeant of his company successively and .July 'ind, was commissioned '2nd Lieutenant, hut did not muster as such. He went to the front with the six companies who moved to Washington in May, 1SG4, where their services were in immediate requisition. His first duty was in the guarding of prisoners and in June he went to Cold Harhor as guard of a supply train. He went next with his regi- ment to Petersburg and on the day of arrival was in the support of a charging column. He was in the terrific tiling caused by a blunder- ing order and fought next day, being in the terrible actions of June 17th and ISth. Soon after the explosion of the mine on July 30th, the 37th was in the ruined fort where they sus- tained heavy loss. Mr. Schofield was also in action on the Weldou railroad, Poplar Grove Church, Southside railroad, Peeble's Farm, the two actions at Hatcher's Run and Fort Ma- hone. The number of engagements in which Me. Schofield was under rebel fire included eight, of greater or smaller importance. When his company entered Petersburg, he was in command, the other officers being absent. He was mustered out at Washington, July 2G, 18G5, after the termination of hostilities and was dis- charged a few days la'ter at Madison. During his service he was never severely injured but sustained, what, in army parlance, were " scratches." In August, 1864, he was ill in hospital a short time and, while the regiment was at Washington, he was disabled with an injury to his leg, received while performing camp duty. He refused the advice of the sur- geons and did not go to the hospital. He was married May 3, 1857, to Nancy Sher- wood of Great Bend, Pa., and their children are named John, George and William. Tiiey are married and the oldest son resides in Adams county, and the two others in Waushara county. ff^HOMAS DAVIS, a resident of Plover, Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. ' 149, was born Jan. 1, 1840, in Eng- land. He came to America with his parents in the first year of his life and they located in the State of New York whence they removed after a residence of eight years to Ra- cine, Wis., and in 18.53, to Green Lake county where they maintained a residence 14 years, when Mr. Davis went to Plover. He was en- gaged on a farm until the first year of the war and during the first weeks of the struggle, de- termined to enter the military service of the United States. He enrolled June 15, 1861, in Company A, 3rd Wisconsin Infantry, enrolling at Fond du Lac for three years and received honorable discharge July 1, 1864, near Mari- etta, Ga., on account of the expiration of his period of service.' Augu.st G, 1864, he again en- listed in Company B, 3rd Wisconsin Cavalry and was transferred to the re-organized com- pany February 1, 1865, and received final dis- charge at St. Louis in June, 1865. Mr. Davis went from Camp Hamilton at Fond du Lac to the scene of activities in Maryland, and per- formed guard duty at Frederick until the spring of 1862 and during that period was in a skirmish at Harper's Ferry. In March, 1862, after the regiment had been attached to the corps of General Banks, he went into the valley of the Shenandoah and was in the occupation of Winchester where his regiment was after- wards stationed to perform guard duty. He was next in the march to Strasburg and in the action in which his regiment held the rebels in check until the trains of Banks' command had passed and followed on to Martinsburg. He was in the fight at Cedar Mountain and in Sep- tember was in the fight at Antietam. The reg- iment remained in Virginia doing military duty through the winter and made connection April with the forces of Hooker and sus- m taineti a rebel attack in the beginning of the action at Chancellorsville and Mr. Davis was in the actions of the three days fights and the skirmishing, whicli included every day until May 6tb. He was in the fight at Gettysburg and in the subsequent movement of the com- mand with Hooker's forces to make connection with the Army of the Cumlierland and was in the skirmish at Dardanelle where he was wounded and was sent to the hospital at Little Rock and was discharged as stated when his term of service expired. When he enlisted in the cavalry the reginuMit to wliich he was as- signed was at Little Rock, where he made con- nection with the command and was in the ser- vice in connection with that organization until he was finally discharged. In the battle of 734 SOLDIERS ALBUM OF Chancellorsville Mr. Davis was struck by a ball in the breast which felled him to the ground. A hatchet was thrust in hi? belt which pre- vented the bullet entering his body, but left a dint in the iron. AtDardanelle he was injured in the head by a piece of shell and underwent the operation of trepanning and has since car- ried a piece of silver as substitute for regulation skull. After the termination of the war Mr. Davis returned to Plover where he is the pro- prietor of a farm on section 3, town 23, Range 8. He married Maria Ripson. " AMES A. WEEKS, resident at Wautoma, Wis., member of G. A. R. Post No. 135, was born in Priddy, Somersetshire, Eng- land, Nov. 21, 1845. His father and mother, Henry and Bethia (Harper) Weeks, be- longed to the agricultural class in their native country and the son was reared in the same pursuit. He came to America with his par- ents, landing at the port of New York August 7, 1861, and they located at Marseilles, Onon- daga county. New York. He attended school the following winter at Mottville, in the same county, and in the spring of 1862 accompanied his parents to Huron county, Ohio, and his father bought a farm in the township of Green- field. He was much interested in the civil war which was in progress when he arrived in America, and he made several efforts to enlist, but was rejected on account of his youth. In March, 1864, he eni'olled as a soldier at Colum- bus, Ohio. He was sent by the military au- thorities to Nashville, Tenn., and was assigned to the Pioneer Corps, and detailed as a recruit in the 8th Kansas Infantry. The corps was ordered to Huntsville, Ala., wliere the rebels were specially lively in the destruction of rail- road communications and had just succeeded in burning the depot at that place when the Union troops arrived. Tiie next day he re- turned to Nashville, where he was taken sick and was discliarged in September. He re- turned to his father's farm in Ohio, and spent the winter in attending school and trj'ing to recover his health. In February, 1865, he en- listed in Company G, 191st Ohio Infantry, at Greenfield, Ohio. The regiment was organ- ized at Camp Chase, and went thence to San- dusky City for examination and equipments. and they returned to Camp Chase, and two weeks afterwards went to Harper's Ferry, and thence to Halltown in the Shenandoah valley. At Halltown, the command was attacked by the rebels who were repulsed without loss to the Union troops and the regiment was ordered thence to Winchester. While on picket duty near Halltown, Mr. Weeks was taken sick with the measles and remained on picket duty through a heavy rain. He was taken in the morning by his comrades to an old box car where he remained through the following day, receiving no food or water or care of any kind. He was taken to the hospital at Harper's Ferry, and thence to Frederick City, Md., and was dis- charged from the hospital in June, 1865. He returned to Ohio and as soon as he was able to work, he acquired a knowledge of the black- smith, trade which has since been his business. In 1880 he removed to Wisconsin and located at Wautoma. March 1, 1883, he was married at Wautoma to Sarah Ann, daughter of George and Ann (Emery) Weeks. Their son. Earl, was born Oct. 20, 1884. ONRAD RAMMINGER, a citizen of Schleswig, Maiiitowoc Co., Wis., was born Dec. 21, 1840, in Hesse Darm- stadt, Germany. He came from his native land to the New World, in the last year of his minority and enrolled in the military service of his adopted county. He enlisted at Detroit, Mich., Aug. 15, 1861, under the second call for troops by President Lincoln, in Company G, 9th Michigan Volunteer Infan- try, for three years. His regiment left Detroit and proceeded to camp at Monroe's Hill, Ky., near Munfordsville, where the winter of 1861-2 was passed in guard duty and drill. The first movement of the command was to Nashville in the spring, where they arrived in March. From tliat time Fori-est was planning his raids and a few days after their arrival the 9th went to Murfreesboro to assist in repairing the de- vastations of the rebels, and on the 13th of .July sustained a direct attack from the 8th Texas while in camp, and Mr. Ramminger re- ceived a severe wound, his Colonel (Duffiekl) also being injured. The former was struck by a minie ball in his right thigh, and by a buck- PERSONAL RECORDS. 735 shot in his face on the nose near the right eye. His company was in the courthouse, which was surrounded by a Georgia regiment and com- pelled to surrender, after repulsing the rebels twice. Mr. Raniminger was in the hands of his captors three days, when he was paroled and sent to Camp Chase. In October following, his exchange was effected and the Union soldiers were sent to the headquarters of General Thomas as a body-guard. Tlie route was made from Cincinnati to Covington, Ky., Louisville, and Nashville. In December the command was despatched to Murfreesboro to prepare for the battle known as Stone River, on the last day of the year and several of the first days of 1863. The 9th Michigan (being an unassigned com- mand,) was detailed to guard prisoners. They stayed there until the TuUalioma campaign, when they were again in a movement that promised results. But the troops dispersed to meet at Chickamauga, and the 9th Mich- igan went to Chattanooga and the regiment was in the lines of General Sherman in the march through Georgia. Mr. Raniminger was in all the fights, including Resaca, Dallas, Ken- esaw Mountain, and Peach Tree Creek, arriv- ing at Atlanta, where he participated in the siege. A few days after the surrender, Oct. 14th, Mr. Raniminger was honorably dis- charged, his period of service having expired. He is still a sufferer from the consequences of his injuries at rebel hands. He was married to Matilda Ball, at Schles- wig, and they became the parents of nine chil- dren. A son and a daughter died in infancy. Those still living are named Henry, .Jacob, John, William, Anna, Rosa and Margaretha. The mother died and Mr. Ramminger was married to Catherine Wagoner, in Schleswig in 1884. He is one of the prominent, reliable and prosperous farmers of the section of Wis- consin where he resides. AMES B. CRAWFORD, a prominent farmer in Marquette county and a resi- dent in the town of Springfield, Wis., was a soldier in the civil war. Pie was born in Meigs county, Ohio, July 24, 1842, and is the son of Mordecai and Jemima (Barton) Crawford. (An account of the parents may be found in connection with the sketch of John Crawford on another page.) Five of their sons — James, Thomas B., John, William and Charles H. — were soldiers in the civil war. When Mr. Crawford of this sketch was six years old he came to Wisconsin with his parents and lived in Dodge county until 1872, when the family located in Marquette county. The sons were brought up on the farm, and when James was 20 years old he decided to en- ter the army. He enlisted August 15, 1862, in Company A, 1st Wisconsin Heavy Artillery, at Springfield for three years. He enlLsted under Captain Spear and joined the command at Washington. He was engaged in the drill common to heavy artillery, which includes light artillery and infantry tactics, and conse- quently involves three times the labor per- formed by soldiers belonging to the infantry or cavalry service. He was also occupied in labor on the fortifications where he was stationed throughout the war. He remained in the National capital during the entire term for which he enlisted and was stationed at Battery Rogers where he was mustered out August 18, 1865, on account of General Order No. 94. In June and July, 1863, he was in the hospital at Fort Ellsworth five weeks, and in the spring of 1865, was again in hospital, and obtained a pass from the Sergeant in charge to go to Ford's theatre on the night of April 14th, and was present when the President was assassinated ; he saw Booth when he jumped .from the box in which Mr. Lincoln sat, and had a distinct view of the revolver in his left hand and a knife in his right, when he sprang over the balcony onto the stage. After his return from the war, Mr. Crawford entered vigorously into the prosecution of his interests as an agriculturist, and he is the owner of a farm of 257 acres, located on sec- tions 11 and 12 and 14, in town 16, North, range 8, East. He has served liis township six years as Treasurer and one year as Assessor. He married Henrietta Morgan and their sur- viving children are named Henry, Clara, Ford and Mary; Leroy is deceased. The grand- fathers of Mrs. Crawford were both soldiers in 1812. APTAIN LYMAN B. BALCOM, a cit- izen of Waupun, Wis., and a mem- ber of Hans C. Heg Post No. 114, was born Feb. 22, 1831, at Perrys- burg, Cattaraugus Co., New York. His parents, 736 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF Isaac Burr and Clarinda (Noyes) Balcom, were natives of the State of New York and his great grandfather and grandfather served respect- ively in the two wars with Great Britain. His motlier died when he was two years old and he was adopted hy his uncle and aunt, Pitts and Lucia M. (Balcom) Ellis. He resided in his native State until he was 11 years old when he accompanied his adopted parents to Wisconsin, locating in Genesee, Waukesha county. When he was 15 Captain Balcom undertook the re- sponsibilities ot self-sustaining and became an assistant on a farm in which he was engaged three years, attending school occasionally win- ters. In 1849 he olitained the position of sta- tion agent on the M. & M. R. R., which was af- terwards the Milwaukee & Prairie du Chien and is now a part of the St. Paul system. When he was 21 he engaged in buying wheat, asso- ciated with his uncle Ellis and within two years after he formed a partnership with Robert El- liot, of Milwaukee, and prosecuted the same business. In 1859 Mr. Balcom went to Pike's Peak, but his ambition was frustrated by a recall to Wisconsin after six months on account of his wife's illness. He had located his family at Waupun in 1856 and he returned there and obtained a position in the prison where he was occupied until the date of the war. He was a true son of his sires and determined to enli.st as soon as his interest was awakened by the attack on the integrity of the Union in Charleston harbor. He enrolled at Waupun April 22, 1861, in the " Light Guards, " an organization which was assigned to the 3rd Wisconsin In- fantry as Company D. It was a three-month's enlistment and on the abrogation of such by the President, Captain Balcom was among those who re-enlisteitf5^5<^ da, Berkshire count}', Mass. Otis and Lucinda (Yaw) Edson were natives of the Bay State and moved to Ohio about 1840, when their son was about three years old. They were located for a time in Royalton, Cuyahoga Co., Ohio and in 1863 removed to x\shtabula county in* the same State. The mother died tliere in 1868 aged 61 years. The father is still living in Jefferson, Aslitabula Co., Oiiio and is 70 years old. She has been the mother of 10 children, her son of this .sketch being third in order of birth. He was substantial I3' educated and, as soon as he was old enough, engaged in teaching in which he was occupied as a vocation until lie became a soldier. He enlisted Sep. 15, 1862 at New Lyme, Ashtabula county, in Company G, 29tli Ohio Infantry. The regiment went to Wash- ington where it was assigned to the army of ^'irginia and Mr. Edson made connection with his command at Frederick City, Md. He was in the prominent battles in which the Army of the Potomac was engaged in 1863 and was in tlie fight at Chancellorsville and in the sub- sequent actions incident to the preparations to renew the conflict with the rebels after the dis- aster. Lee was maturing his plans to move Nortiiward and the 29th Ohio was among the regiments that moved under Hooker to prevent the invasion of the North. He was in the fight at Gettysburg and when the transfer of troops to the West was made, the regiment proceeded to PERSONAL RECORDS. 741 take part in the Chattanooga campaign. Mr. Edson was in the tight at Wauhatchio and was in tlie hriUiant action at Mission Bridge, fouglit at Lookout Mountain, Taylor's Ridge and in tlie actions of the Atlanta campaign, including Dug Gap, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, Cassville and Dallas and in the fight at Kenesaw, he was wounded June IS, ISGi, in the action at Pine Mountain. A hullet entered his body in his right side, coming out at the pit of the stomach and passing througli his left arm above the wrist, carried away one hone of the lower fore- arm. He was sent to the hospital at Chatta- nooga, whither he was transferred from the field hospital and 20 daj's later was removed to .Jef- fersonville, Ind., where he was under treatment until his discharge Sep. 2, 1864 on account of disability. He was still an invalid when he re- turned to his home in the Buckeye State. In the tall of 1868 he removed to Wisconsin and purchased a farm in Plainfield, on which he has since resided with his family. He mar- ried Elizabeth Guest. She was born in Eng- land and was in childhood when her parents emigrated to the United States. She died in 1876 leaving five children. Mrs. Ruby R. Knapp is the eldest. Flora, Hosea T., Willis H. and Carrie M. are unmarried. ■^■J»S^'>-?»!^^^ii^Mf-»<^5tf^ CT^REDERICK S. BERRAY, a citizen of ^l ^zzX Wautoma, Wis., member of G. A. R. . 1845, in Delaware Co., New York. He came about 1850 to Wisconsin with his father and mother and the family settled in Waushara county. He was five months and six days past sixteen years old when he enlisted in Company H, 16th Wisconsin Infantry, for three years at Wautoma. In the spring of 1862, after passing the winter in military drill at Camp Randall, Madison, Mr. Berray went to the front and was first in battle at Pittsburg Landing. He es- caped the casualties of that action and, in May, went to the siege of Corinth, and remained there until September, when the command changed location and he was in the fight at Corinth and was afterwards in the movements prepai'atory to the siege of Vicksburg and was in the skirmishing on the Big Black River. Mr. Berray veteranized while iu the fortifica- tions at Vicksburg when he took his veteran's furlough. On rejoining his command he was in a march of more than ;]00 miles and was in the actions at Kenesaw, Bald Hill and others until tlie campaign to Atlanta, and he was in the battle of Peach Tree Creek and, afterwards at -Jonesboro. He partici])ated in all tlie vicissi- tudes of the progress of Siiernian's columns through Georgia, Nortii and South Carolijia and thence through Virginia to Washington, where he was in the Grand Review and was mustered out .July 12, 1865. After the siege of Corinth he was taken sick and sent to hosjiiUil at Newburg, Indiana, where the hospital was raided by rebel guerrillas umler A. R. .lohnston and the inmates captured and paroled. Wiien the soldiers had recovered sutlieieiitly after their parole, they made their way to their regi- ments, and when it was learned that they were paroled jirisoners, they were sent back to St. Louis for exchange. Tlie Governor of Wiscon- sin soon after ordered all paroled prisoners back to the State and, after their arrival at Prairie du Cliien, they were organized into two com- panies and sent by way of the lakes to Bayfield, wliere they were in winter quarters, returning to Milwaukee in the spring, where they received notice of their exchange. Mr. Berray and his companions rejoined their regiment at Lake Providence before the fall of Vicksburg. At the battle of Pittsburg Landing he received a slight abrasion on his shoulder which did not amount to a wound and he did not apply for excuse from duty. Mr. Berray was in the ser- vice of the United States nearly four years. He has been a resident of Waushara county since the war. He was married Nov. 6, 1868, to Ida Stratton of Wautoma and they have three children, named Charles, Althea and Anna. Mr. Berray has been prominent in otHciai positions in the local government of Wautoma and in November, 1886, was elected Sheriff of Waushara county. EORGE W. MCINTYRE.merchaiitat ;^ Waupun and a member ofG. A. R. '^^X P^st No. 4, at Berlin, Wis., was born Nov. 27, 1819, at Franklin, Delaware Co., New York. He is the son of Nathaniel and Miranda (Goodrich) Mclntyre, and the former was a native of Massachusetts, representing sires 742 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF connected with the date of the early history of the country. He was lirst married to a daughter of Eben- ezer Allen, a patriot of the Revolution. The mother and second wife was born at Walton, Delaware Co., New York, and was also of old stock which was identified with the same period. Her family was one that was prominent for po- sition and culture and was influential from the date of settlement in this land. Two brothers of Mr. Mclntyre were soldiers in the civil war. Jarvis was an enlisted man in an Illinois regi- ment,' and died in hospital from disease con- tracted in the discharge of duty. James J. was Cliaplain in the 49tb Wisconsin Infantry and was a minister of the Baptist Church; he is, at this writing (1888), residing in Dakota. .Mr. Mclntyre passed the first 18 years of his life in his native place, receiving such advant^ ages of education as that time afforded to the sons of pioneers, the district school being of in- different quality and two miles from his father's homestead. He was reared on a farm and, at the age stated went to Warren, Pennsylvania, and was there resident seven years. He spent the time in farming and lumbering and after- wards returned to Franklin where he was vari- ously occupied as a farmer, carpenter and stone mason until 1852. In the spring of that year he came to Wisconsin and bought a farm 10 miles west of Berlin, where he operated as an agriculturist and as a carpenter also, until he entered the army. March 20, 1864, he enlisted as a recruit in Company 1, 7th Wisconsin Infan- try and became a soldier in the "Iron Brigade." He joined the regiment at Culpepper and passed the time until May in acquirmg a knowledge of military tactics. On the 3rd, the Iron Brigade entered upon the campaign of the Wilderness and two days later encountered the rebels in liot action. The "7th" performed gallant ser- "vice, and suffered the fate of daring and brave soldiers who fight for a principle and faltered nothing in the charges of that day, which is signalized in history. At two o'clock in the af- ternoon, Mr. Mclntyre received a bullet in his left shoulder, which passed through his body, shattering the collar bone and shoulder blade. He was mentioned in tlie dispatches as first on the list of wounded from liis company. He was sent to Emery hospital at Washington and as- signed to ward G, where he remained a few days before he received a 30-day furlough and re- turned to Berlin. His injuries did not improve speedily and his furlough was twice extended, until he had remained at home nearly 90 days. He rejoined his command eight days before his time expired and was sent to the same hospital, where he remained until Dec. 24, 1864, wiien he was sent to the Camp of Distribution and as- signed to Company F, \^eteran Reserve Corps, and went to Laurel Station to make connection with his company. He remained there until after the assassination of Lincoln, when he went to Capitol Hill barracks at Washington with his company, where he remained until the date of his final discharge — July 22, 1865. He returned to Berlin and engaged in farm- ing, performing such labor personally as his wound permitted, and remained in that business until 1882, when lie sold his farm and, Feb. 13, 1888, he removed to Berhn. He commenced his present occupation in a store in the Opera House Block, where he is engaged in a prosper- ous business in general merchandise. He has also been active in local township affairs and has served as Treasurer and Justice of the Peace. Mr. Mclntyre was first married to Harriet Bowens Jan. 1, 1844, and four of their five chil- dren are living. They are named Jane, George, Asa and Mariette. Julia died when eight years old. The mother died and, Mr. Mclntyre was again married Aug. 1, 1887, to Mrs. Mary Priest. The oldest daughter of Mr. Mclntyre is the wife of Edward P. Bonnell, formerly a soldier in the 5th Wisconsin in the late war. Their children are named Julia and George; Carrie is deceased. George, eldest son, married Josephine Bills, and their surviving daughter is named Susan; Harry is deceased. Asa married Harriet Tucker, and their children are named Earl and Mabel. Mariette married John Berry and they have two children, Kittle and an infant. ^^^tS^-^yt^^^t ARVEY BRIDGE, a resident of Grand Rapids, Mich., a member of the Grand Army Post at that place, was born July 17, 1832, in Angel- ica, Allegany Co., New York. His father, Sam- uel Bridge, was a soldier of 1812, and married Anna Baker. The son grew to manhood in New York and Michigan, removing from the former State to the latter in 1845. He resided PERSONAL RECORDS. 743 in Cass county 15 years, removing to Wiscon- sin in ISfiO, locating in Oslikosh. Sept. 11, 18G1, he enlisted at Oshkosh, Wis., in G Company, 1st Wisconsin Infantry, on the re-organization of that command after the ex- piration of its three-months term of enroll- ment. After the completion of the organiza- tion the regiment reported to General Sherman at Louisville, where Mr. Bridge was seized with illness which necessitated his permanent dis- charge May 23d, following. He returned to his home and on recovery liis first active busi- ness was to again enroll in the United States service. He enlisted Aug. 21st of the same year in Company D, 32nd Wisconsin Infantry. He left the State with the regiment the last of October and arrived four days later at Mem- phis, Tenn. The command was attached to the 5tli Brigade and accompanied the forces of Sherman to take part in the southward move- ment under Grant. The regiment was en route to Holly Springs, Miss., when the intel- ligence of the disaster there reached them and they proceeded to take possession of the place, being the first regimetit to enter the village. Mr. Bridge was in the activities of the succeed- ing months and went to Moscow, Tenn., re- turning to Memphis. He was in the march to Meridian and assisted in the destruction of the pontoon bridges across the Pearl River. He aided, also, in the destruction of the railroads on the way to Lockport, and returned with the command to Vicksburg. In the same month the command went to Cairo, thence to Col- umbus, Ky., and towards Union City. There learning that their assistance was not needed, a return to Cairo was made. They went next to Paducah, expecting an attack from Forrest but, as results proved, they went in quest of him up the Tennessee River. They moved from place to place in vain expectation until April,when they went into camp at Deca- tur, Ala., engaging in guard duty and in labor on the fortifications. Mr. Bridge was in the skirmish with the rebels near Courtland and in July was in the action in which a largo force of rebels attempted the capture of a wagon-train five miles from the city. On the day of the commencement of the march to Atlanta Mr. Bridge was struck by lighning. (Aug. 4th.) He was on picket guard and his entire left side and paralyzed, causing loss of sight in his left eye. He was sent to hospital at Decatur, and on par- tial recovery resumed connection with his regi- ment participating in all the actions that pre- ceded the close of the conflict. He was in the Grand Review at Washington in May, 18G5, and was discharged with the regiment at Wiish- ington, June 12th, following. He returned to Wisconsin, where he was a resident until 1.S74, when lie removed his fam- ily to Grand Rapids, Micii., liis })resent resi- dence. He passed his active life before the war in farming and has since been unable to work. He married Emily Girard, and tiieir surviving child named Annie Esther. Tiie father and brother of Mrs. Bridge were soldiers in the war for the Union. (See sketch of Samuel Gi- rard.) OBERT D. SPARKS, a resident of Pine Grove, Waushara Co., Wis., and a member of G. A. R. Post No. 197, at Plainfield, was born Febru- ary 8, 1827, in Schoharie County, New York. He was educated in his native State, where he was trained in a knowledge of the trade of a carpenter and remained at home with his par- ents. In 1854 he removed to Wisconsin and has since been a resident of Waushara county. He made his first location at Plainfield and until he entered the array his active life was passed in farming and working at liis trade. He enlisted Oct. 25, 180 1, in Company F, 16th Wisconsin Infantry at Plainfield for three years. He was one of the Wisconsin soldiers who went to the battle field to find himself, in less than a month, in tiie heavy action at Pitts- burg Landing. On the first day's fight, Sun- day, April 6, 1862, on the first occasion in which he was exposed to rebel bullets he was wounded by a ball in his shouldei". He went to the fieUriiospital and was thence transferred discharged on surgeon's certificate of dis- ability in December 1862. A year later, December 23, 1863, he re-enlisted as a veter- an recruit in the 8th Battery, Wisconsin Light Artillery at Plainfield. He went to Nashville with the veterans and other recruits where he made connection with the battery at Murfreesboro an -i!«^i^^«^5<^'^5<^ ILLIAM R. PROUTYof the township of Peshtigo, Wis., and a former soldier of the civil war, was born Aug. 1, 1837, in the Dominion of Canada. He is the son of Joshua and Nancy (Elrick) Prouty, and, in the year following his birth, they removed to Ver- mont and in 1851 they effected another remov- al to New York, whence they came to Wiscon- sin in 1878 and located in Peshtigo. Mr. Prouty enlisted Jan. 17, 1862, at Pots- dam, New York, in Company F, 92nd New York Infantry for three years. All the record a man requires in the history of his country is that he fought in the " 92nd." From the first to the last of its career it was one of the most conspicuous for gallantry, and was prominent in all the positions to which it was assigned. The regiment made connection with the forces in Virginia in the spring of 1862, was in the siege of Yorktowu, fought through the dis- astrous campaign of the Peninsula, encounter- ing the horrors of the Chickahominy swamps, retreated with the command from Malvern Hill, went again to Fortress Monroe, and thence to North Carolina, where he was in the actions en route through the Dismal Swamp and at Suf- folk, and jiarticipated in the several engage- ments at Kingston, Whitehall and Goldsboro, and retreated with the command of General Foster to Newbern. He was transferred in August, 1864, to Company I, Veteran Reserve Corps, and received honorable discharge Jan. 17, 1865, at Washington, D. C. He was ill a long time as the result of hardship and ex- posure, and went to the hospitals at Yorktown, Carver Barracks in Washington, and to tlie Patent Office hospital, was afterwards at Fairfax Seminary hospital near Alexandria, and was sent thence to Camp Distribution. Mr. Prouty married Jane M. Vandyke and their only cliild is named Herbert M. Agnes M. died Feb. 22, 1864, aged' two years, eight months and 22 days. Her death occurred while her father was in the service. ■'-^>*^'-^t^^^'^i<- <^fe-» Tj^nTENR ENRY HALLAM, of Ahnapee, Wis., belonging to G. A. R. Post, No. 242, as born March 19, 1828, in Lin- colnshire, England. He came to America in 1848, and located in Madison Co., New York, not far from Syracuse ; in 1855 he came to Wisconsin and in 1857 he located at Ahnapee. The place was in its pioneer con- dition and the forests were still in a primeval state. He engaged in the work of reclaiming the land and has been a farmer throughout his business life in Wisconsin. He enlisted Oct. 4, 1861, in Company E, 14th Wisconsin Infantry for three years and received honorable discharge October 16, 1862, at St. Louis on account of disability caused by sick- ness. He was in rendezvous with his regiment and left the State under orders for St. Louis in March. He was in the battle of Shiloh and fought on the 7th day of April, the second day of tlie battle, where the regiment was badly cut up, but he passed through the action un- harmed. Soon after the battle he was taken sick and was sent to the hospital, and later was transferred to the Good Samaritan hospital at PERSONAL RECORDS. 745 St. Louis. His sickness, general debility and hernia, unfitted him for further duty, and he was discharged from tlie service as stated. He returned to Ahnapee and resumed his occupa- tion as a farmer. He was married in 1862 at Ahnapee to Mary Benson. After the above was written, on tlie evening of Nov. 24, 1888, Mr. Hallam was drowned in the Ahnapee River, falling over a defective railing. He was a just and uprigiit man. EREMIAH W. BALDOCK, Commander of B. .J. Sweet Post No. 40, Stockbridge, Wis., (1888) a resident of Brant, Calumet county, was born Marcli 11, 1842, in Cuyahoga Co., Ohio, and he is the son of Ed- ward and Ruth (Fay) Baldock. In 1852, when he was 11 years old, his father removed the family to Wisconsin, and in 1853 tiiey located in Calumet county. His father died in 1879 in the town of Chilton, where the mother is still living. Mr. Baldook enlisted Oct. 8, 1861, in Com- pany A, IStli Wisconsin Infantry at Graves- ville for three years. In March, 1862, he was transferred to Company K. He was successive- ly appointed to the non-commissioned grades of office and was commissioned 2ud Lieutenant July 1, 1865. Jan. 1, 1864, he veteranized at Huntsville, Ala. In the battle of Pittsburg Landing he was captured and held prisoner of war until June, 1862, when he was paroled and reached the Union line at Bridgeport on the first day of the month. He proceeded to Nash- ville and went thence to St. Louis and, when the paroled prisoners were called to Wisconsin he went to Prairie du Chien, where such re- turned men were organized and sent to tiie Northwest where the Sioux Indians were mak- ing trouble. Mr. Baldock was sick and was permitted to go home on furlough, where he remained through tiie winter, and in the spring of 1863 was exclianged and joined his regiment in the rear of \'icksburg. When he reached Miliiken's Bend he, and other Wiscon- sin soldiers similarly situated, took service on the mortar fleet where they were located in the charge on Vicksburg, May 22nd. The regiment was in active service in the rear of Vicksburg and returned to the trenches there about June 1st, when Mr. Baldock went into the ranks and participated in the siege of Vicksburg. On the 1 2th of September lie was with the command in tlie movement to Helena to support General Steele and, finding tliey were not needed they moved to re-enforce Rose- crans and after the battle of Cliickamauga went to Chattanooga. Mr. Baldock was in several skirmishes near Whitesburg, Ala., with the Texas cavalry and he was in tiie fight at Alla- toona, after which he took his furlough, and when he returned to Nashville was sent with his command by rail and steamboat to Golds- boro, and he went to Raleigh. When the col- umn entered Goldsboro he was tlie first man to carry a rtag into the city. (Mr. Baldock states that the story of Siierman's signaling to Corse at Allatoona to "hold the fort" is a palpable mistake from the circumstances, as the signal station was under incessant fire and signalling was an impossibility at any time.) The 18th Wisconsin reached Pittsburg Land- ing April 5, 1861, under orders to report to General Prentiss; after doing so about 100 men under Captain Fisk, of Company D, were detailed for picket dutj' and sent about 80 rods to the front. As they took position, Mr. Baldock saw about a score of men fall back over a liill in their front and called the attention of Lieutenant Colonel Beal to the fact. There was firing on their right at inter- vals through the night and at sunrise they were ordered to their tents. He remarked to the Orderly Sergeant " I am going to sleep to day, even if Abe Lincoln comes." The Or- derly answered that in his opinion a battle was at hand. Less than five minutes after, when he was removing his clothing, the long roll sounded. Mr. Baldock was the first man of his company to take position and, while the lines were forming, the rebels were plainh' visible marching by regiments by the right flank and forming lines of battle, and Mr. Baldock states that the oncoming force swept across the front of the Union lines like a thunder cloud, firing as they advanced. He states that three rouiiils were fired by the 18th Wisconsin, after which it seems, that an order to " about face and fall back " was given, but it was not heard at the right of the regiment. Those who did hear the order and attempted to obey were soon in- volved in a rout. Lieutenant Colonel Beal, at the right, ordered the men to halt and re-form, calling them cowards and indulging in otherepi- 746 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF thets, at the same time drawing two revolvers and firing at the advancing rebels. That part of tlie regiment immediatel)' near him, of whom Mr. Baldock was one, tried to hold their ground, protecting themselves behind trees in Indian style and falling back, believing that the remainder of the regiment would re-form behind the hill. The falling back continued and when Mr. Baldock determined that retreat was a necessity he found himself alone as he fell back through the regimental camp, and he stepped into his tent and took a bible his mother had given him, from his knap- sack, so that his body might be identi- fied if he was killed. As he stepped from liis tent three rebels at the farther end of the camp street, fired at him. He returned their fire and retreated hastily, stopping at a spring to fill his canteen. He was told by a comrade that when the regiment returned on the following Tuesday that the body of a rebel was found in the camp who was doubtless one of the three and killed by Baldock's fire. He states that he never felt such a sense of oppressive loneliness as at that moment. None of his com- rades were insight and rebels were pressing for- ward on the right and others were rifling the tents and, as he finished filling his canteen he heard a cry of agony 10 rods away, and looking around he saw three rebels bayoneting a wounded man of his company named Marsenas Gurnee, who had fallen back with a wound in his knee. Baldock's gun was empty and he could render no assistance. He was told that on the next day Gurnee's body was found in the same place. He fell back from the spring over the hill and, not finding the regiment, went to the rear. A line of battle was advan- cing and an opening was made for him to pass through; nobody spoke to him, as his appear- ance indicated that he had been in action and he was not interfered with. He found two wounded men, to whom he gave some water and an officer at the same moment ordered him into line of battle. He replied that he was looking for his regiment, when the officer drew his sword to enforce the command. Baldock cocked Ills musket and covered the officer, tell- ing him he would blow his brains out if he was not let alone and that he understood what he was about. "Shoulder-straps" withdrew and soon after Mr. Baldock saw his Colonel. He ad- vanced and asked for the regiment and on join- ing the line, he found about 150 men out of nearly 1,000 and that number participated in the remainder of that day's fight. A battery came up and took position, when General Pren- tiss remarked to the 18th "That battery was at Donelson; you stand by it and it will stand by you." Lieutenant Beal answered, "By God, we will, sir." The fighting continued tiirough the afternoon and about five o'clock, Prentiss' com- mand was captured. Mr. Baldock, Captain Miller of Company A and a soldier named Kelley, were behind a huge log and several others wei-e be- hind trees, and just before they were captured, a body of rebels in four ranks marched up the road wiiich had been "our" line, filed to the left and halted so as to leave the colors on the corner. Several rounds were fired at them by Mr. Baldock and his companions which were very effective, and this was the last firing by the Union soldiers belong to the command of General Prentiss. (It is commonly understood by the Shiloh prisoners that Sherman and riurlbut were driven to the river at one o'clock and that Prentiss knew nothing of the disaster and was left in his first position on the old road or the hornet's nest." It is also supposed by them that neither of the named commanders knew of the fighting Prentiss did after that time; the forces to which Prentiss' command surrendered came from the direction of tiie river.) Millard was in command of the 18th, as every field offi- cer was dead or wounded; the regimental or- ganization was destroj^ed; all the men on the field and the colors being captured; and the re- mainder of the regiment a disorganized mob under the river bank, or so reported. At the time of surrender, the shells from the gun- boats were dropping among them, which shows that General Grant did not know of the where- abouts of Prentiss and his command, which had fought all day without support. The prisoners were hurried rapidly to the rear and thence to Corinth, a distance of 25 miles through the mud. They had nothnig to eat on the day of the battle and, on starting for Corinth, each man received a cracker, but no more rations were distributed until they reached Meirphis, three days later. They went thence to Mobile and were variously distributed, Mr. Baldock going to Tuscaloosa, to the charge of Wirz, who afterwards made himself infamous at Anderson- ville. Mr. Baldock states that the cruelties of Wirz cannot be exaggerated. He left Tusca- loosa May 14th and went thence to Montgom- ery, where he was paroled and he joined the PERSONAL RECORDS. 747 Union lines at Bridgeport. While at Tusca- loosa, one of the guards shot a man through the window and afterwards fired at Mr. Bal- dock. When the paroled prisoners were cross- ing the Etowali on a higli bridge, tiiis guard was in charge of the car and one of the pris- oners of herculean strength took advantage of a favorable opportifnity and threw him into the river. Only three men saw the transaction, the other guards believing that he had been left at a station. Mr. Baldock went with the command through Virginia to the Grand Re- view and was fiiiallv discharged August 5, 1865. He was married March 10, 1868 to Maria L. Chapin of Chilton and the record of their chil- dren follows. Luna V. was born Nov. 15, 1868; Leona M.,July 10,1870; Jay W., Sep. 13, 1872 ; O. W., Feb. 10, 1875 (died June 3, 1876); Alta, Feb. 5, 1878; Arthur E. March 29, 1881; Stella S., August 2, 1883; Viola R., Sep. 12, 1887. OHN W. APPLETON, deceased, in whose honor Post No. 116 at Black Creek, Wis., is named, was born at St. Helena, Eng- land, April 16, 1841. He was a babe of 13 months old when he came to America with his parents. He enlisted at Green Bay as a soldier for the Union Nov. 27, 1863, in Com- pany C, 1st Wisconsin Infantry, and was in the re-organized command, joining his regiment at Chattanooga soon after his enrollment. At that date the regiment had become so decimated by disaster in war and by disease that the Colonel could not be mustered. The regiment was assigned to the 14th Army Corps and went to Dalton where the regiment was in action. Mr. Appleton was in the march to Resaca, where he was in heavy battle and fought at Pumpkin Vine Creek. He was in the fight at Dallas and went afterwards to Ackworth and for 16 days was constantly in line of battle. He was in the fight at Big Shanty and went thence to the base of Kenesaw Mountain, where the regiment was under constant fire from the artillery and sharpshooters. He was in the pursuit of the rebels and went into the action at Peach Tree Creek and was wounded July 21, 1864, in that battle. After partial recovery he was transferred, Sept. 19, 1864, to Company G, 21st Wisconsin. He joined that command at Atlanta and was in the chase after Hood. He was in the march to the sea and participated in the various actions until his transfer to the Veteran Reserve Corps April 1, 1865. He re- ceived a minie ball through his shoulder at Peach Tree Creek and tlie missile passed through his body, causing an injury from which he suffered all his life and wliich was finally the cause of his deatli. He died at his home in Black Creek, Dec. 19, 1882. After his return from the war, he was largely engaged in the business of a lumberman and in milling and farming. He was prominent all his life for his devoted relations to all moral and social reforms, being active in temperance work and was a member of the Order of Odd Fellows. He was a Republican in his political connec- tions and independent in religious views. OBERT ALEXANDER SPICE, of Oconto, Wis., belonging to G. A. R. Post No. 74, was born in Quebec, Canada, October 7, 1844. He is the son of Thomas and Ann Jane (Logan) Spice. He came to Wisconsin and obtained employ in a saw mill and as a lumberman near Oconto, where he enlisted when he was 17, June 19, 1861, in Company H, 4th Wisconsin Infantry for three years. The company was first known as the Oconto " River Drivers " and, on its or- ganization, Joseph F. Loy was made Captain. The regiment left the state July 15th, going to Baltimore, where they arrived on the second day after Bull Run and while the excitement was still at its height. They camped at the Relay House and guarded the railroad commu- nications for a time and were detailed for a brief service on the eastern shore of Virginia. They returned to Baltimore and in February, 1862, joined Butler's command and in the spring went to Ship Island, suffering greatly from the confinement on the transports, and went thence to participate in the bombardment of Forts St. Philip and Jackson, and afterwards went up the river and were engaged in the de- struction of the Jackson railroad. They went next to Vicksburg where they were employed in the construction of the famous "cut off." The regiment went next to Baton Rouge to fight in that action and remained there some time, performing military duty. They were 748 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF next assigned to the Tecbe expedition and went to Bervviek City, and were in Camp Bisland, when Mr. Spice was taken sick, passed about six Aveeks in the hospital at New Orleans and rejoined his regiment at Baton Rouge. The reconstruction of the regiment into cavalry had taken place and afterwards the command was engaged in scouting, picketing and other military duty. In May, 1864, Mr. Spice re-en- listed and took his veteran's furlough. He went to Morganzia and afterwards to Clinton, where he was in action, went back to Baton Rouge and in October and November was again in skirmishes at Clinton. In November he went to West Pascagoula, Miss., and returned to Baton Rouge. He was in the cavalry move- ment to the vicinity of Mobile and went thence through Alabama to Eufaula, where infor- mation was received that the rebellion was at an end; they returned to Vicksburg after 70 days in the saddle. During that time they were on short rations most of the tinip, receiving about a pound of meal daily and sometimes only parched corn. They expected to be dis- charged at Vicksburg, but were sent to Texas where they were stationed at San Antonio and Mr. Spice was sent with an exjiedition against the Indians and remained in Texas until the spring of 1866 when he returned to Wisconsin and received honorable discharge. While at Olive Branch, La., he was on picket. The rebels decoyed a squad into an ambush and Mr. Spice received a severe fall. The locality was a mud hole and when his horse fell, the reserve of mounted men tumbled on top of him and he Avas severely injured in his back, from which he still suffers. On returning to Wisconsin he located on a farm on wiiicli he built a house which was af- terwards burned. He is still a resident on the place and was one of the charter members of the Graiid Army Post at Oconto. He was mar- ried October 17, 1866, to Emma Collins, of Osh- kosh. Their children are named Adelbert E., Ollie, Clara, Ernie, Mary, Nellie and Laura. UFUS BISHOP, of Merrill, Wis., a member of Lincoln Post, was born April 24, 1842, in Richland, Oswego Co., New York. He received a common school education and afterwards attended the high school at Pulaski in his native count}^ for three years. His father went to California after tlie death of the wife and mother, and the son came to Wisconsin in 1856 with an uncle, wiio located at Port Washington. He passed two summers in teaming and the winters at school. For a time thereafter he worked in the same capacitj'^ and went later to Dodge county where he passed some time on a farm and was thus employed when he decided to enter the military service. Feb. 26, 1862, he enrolled as a member of the " Badger State Flying Artil- lery " which was mustered into service and ren- dezvoused at Camp Utley, Racine, where he joined the organizition which had been trans- formed into the " 7t,h Wisconsin Light Artil- lery. " In less than a month he was on his way to active .service and while going to Mississippi, had an introduction to the hardships of war- fare in a wearisome march through a wilder- ness of mud. At New Madrid the battery per- formed heavy artillery duty and assisted in the construction of forts. (This was before the ac- tion at Island No. 10.) He went next to Island No. 10 and thence to Union City, and passed the summer and fall at Trenton and Humboldt guarding a railroad. He was in the pursuit of Forrest in December and fought at Parker's Cross Roads. The rebels captured their equip- ments which were left at Humboldt and they went to Jackson for new supplies, after which they remained there through the spring and went next to Corinth. July 1st they went to Memphis and remained there until Mr. Bishop received discharge at Memphis, Feb. 25, 1865, his term having expired. He was in the re- pulse of the rebels in the attack of Forrest on the battery while there. In May previous he was in the right section which accompanied the expedition under Sturgis and was in the tight at Guntown. He was well all the time with the exception of an illness of a month at Island No. 10, when energetic determination alone kept him from going to the hospital. He returned from the war to Juneau and went thence to Oconto county and embarked in the sawmill business which has been his occu- pation since. He is a mechanic of excellent repute and sustains his record creditably as a patriotic citizen. He came to Merrill in 1883. His parents were Thomas and Margaret (Hurst) Bishop and both were born in the State of New York. The latter was of German lineage. His paternal grandfather was a member of the PERSONAL RECORDS. 749 historic Fox family, which made a record in the war of the RevoUitioii and the present repre- sentative reinenihers tlie old flint-lock musket which was carried in tliat struggle. Mr. Bisliop was married Dec. 24, 1868, to Sarah Willower and they have two cliildren^ Hatiie Margaret and Howard Percival. The mother died Feb. 13, 1885, and lies buried at Merrill. She was born in Tioga Co., New York. Her parents were natives of Pennsyl- vania of German descent. ^^>^;«f-'^5«e- T^^TENRY HUTC /I .. J iK township of IL'^I niember of J HUTCHINS, a resident of the 3f Plover, Wis., and a Post No. 156, was born February 24, 1824, in Malone, Franklin county. New York. He is the son of Jedediah and Elvira (Hutchins) liutchins. The paternal and maternal grandfathers of Mr. Hutchins were in the war of 1812, and he and six brothers served in the war of the rebellion. They are named as follows : Alonzo, Dana E., Nathan, Edwin, Lorenzo and Roswell. Mr. Hutchins removed from New York to Massa- chusetts in 1852, where he remained until 1857, when he removed to Plover, Wisconsin. Pre- vious to the war, Mr. Hutchins followed the trade of carpenter until his enlistment, which took place Dec. 16, 1861, in Company F, 18th Wisconsin Lifantry at Plover for three years. He received honorable discharge July 27, 1862, at Corinth on surgeon's certificate of disability. Mr. Hutchins went from Wisconsin from Camp Trowbridge, Milwaukee, with the com- mand, and was in action first at Pittsburg Landing, where the colonel of the regi- ment, James S. Alban, was killed. He went from there to the investment and siege of Corinth, and was sent thence to Milwaukee where he was in the hospital sick with lung fever. After receiving his discharge he re- turned to his family and has since been en- gaged in farming. He is the owner of 80 acres on section 11, Town 23, Range 8, (Plover). He is a man of reliable character, and has sus- tained his record in citizenship as he did as a soldier, performing his duty in a manly and straight forward manner. He married Diana Hawley, and their sur- viving children are named Myron L. and Lillian. Both are married. Benjamin Haw- ley, the brother of Mrs. Hutchins, was a soldier in the war with Mexico, and also fought in the civil war. ■»-J!»t^^-J>i>iJ^^iiC5«f-.<5*Mi AMES W. HUGHES, Plover, Wis.,mcm^ her of G. A. R. Post No. 149, was born at Port Huron, Michigan, June 25, 1838. The family from which his father sprang were natives of Southampton, England, and the sister of his grandfather married Lord Lyons, who was wounded in the battle of Water- loo and died of his injuries. John Hughes, his grandfather, came to the New World and located near Harrisburg, Pa., several years be- fore the war of the Revoluion and was a soldier throughout the course of that struggle. He removed to Michigan about 1832, and was one of the earliest settlers at Battle Creek, where lie died, aged 112 years. He left two sons and two daughters. John M. Hughes, father of Mr. Hughes of this sketch, was born in Penn- sylvania, and removed to Michigan in 1830. He married Charlotte, daughter of John and Sophia (Cole) Smith, who died in 1886, aged 71 years. James W. Hughes of this sketch, is the oldest of their four children. The maternal ancestors of Mr. Hughes came to Canada from Scotland in 1789. The immediate ancestors of the mother were soldiers in the English army, and her uncle, Berais Cole, was killed at Water- loo ; another uncle was wounded in the same battle. Her father was a soldier in 1812, and served throughout that war. The mother of Mr. Hughes came West with her parerits when an infant of six months, and she was 17 when her parents went to Port Huron, Mich., where she was married at the age of 19 years. When her son was four years old, ihe family removed to Chicago and, three years later, to Manitowoc. When he was 14 years old he obeyed his inclinations and became a sailor on the lakes and was engaged in that line of l)usi- ness two years. He then went to New York and shipped as a sailor in the merchant service, in whicli he remained six years, visiting most of the foreign ports in connection with his life as a seaman. He was 22 years old when he joined his family, who had located at Shiocton and, after a short stay at home, he went to Nee- 750 SOLDIERS' ALBUM OF nahjwhere he enlisted October 16, 1861, in Com- pany K, 11th Wisconsin Infantry, lor three years. He was mustered into the United States service at Madison, October 18th, following, vet- eranized in Indianola, Texas, Jan. 4, 1864, and received final discharge at Madison, Sept. 4, 1865. The regiment left Madison for St. Louis and were assigned to guard duty until March, 1862, and while there Mr. Hughes captured the first rebel taken by any member of the com- mand. The regiment was assigned to the command of General Steele and went to Bates- ville and made connection with the com- mand of General Curtis, marching through Missouri and Arkansas, and Mr. Hughes was in his first action at Cotton Plant, and went thence to the fight at Clarendon and next to Helena. During this period he was on detached service as a scout, and at Cotton Plant was wounded by a bullet which passed through his arm. He did not leave his command but was on service in Louisiana, Mississippi and Arkan- sas, and in the winter of 1862-3 was connected with the command of General Davidson in a campaign through Missouri. During that time he was in skirmishes at Bolivar, Neal's Plantation and Greenville and in the spring lie returned to Pilot Knob, where orders were received for the regiment to make connection with the troops of Grant to assist in the siege of Vicksburg. The regiment landed at Milliken's Bend, and in April Mr. Hughes was in a fight at Rich- mond on the plantation of General Johnston. When the transports were sent past Vicksburg and Grand Gulf, Mr. Hughes served as wheels- man, and the next day his regiment was the fii'st that crossed the river en route to Vicks- burg and fought on the same day in tbe battle of Port Gibson. He was next in action at Jack- son and went thence to Champion's Hill and was in the action at Black River Bridge. At this place Mr. Hughes and a comrade were the first to leap into the works whence the rebels fled and about 3,000 prisoners surrendered, more than a third of whom were captured by the 11th Wisconsin. Mr. Hughes was in the action of May 22nd and was wounded twice through the body and once through the tliigh. He still carries a bullet in his body. He was taken from the field hospital to Memphis and remained there until August, when he received 30 days furlough and rejoined his regiment at Brashier City. He was engaged through that winter as railroad guard, acting as Sergeant, in the spring went to Texas, where he located on the Rio Grande. He was in several actions and went to Fort Esperanza, and at Fort Lavaca he received a sabre wound on his hand. He vet- eranized in February, and after his furlough joined his regiment and moved witli it until February, 1865, when the command was as- signed to the 16th Army Corps, which was de- tailed for the operations at Mobile. Mr. Hughes was in the action at Spanish Fort and went thence to Fort Blakely, where he was wounded in the knee by a piece of shell. The regiment went next to Montgomery, and he re- ceived from his commanding officer a leave of absence and necessary papers and came to Madison, where he was mustered out Sept. 4, 1865. While scouting in Arkansas was captured by five rebels. One of his captors propo.sed to fight a duel with him at ten paces and .stipulating that he should receive his free- dom if successful. Mr. Hughes' shot was fatal and after he assisted in the burial of his an- tagonist he was released and joined his com- mand. He returned to Outagamie county and engaged in lumbering. In 1872, he" went to Mitchell county, Kansas, where he remained until 1880. In that year he went to Missouri and remained two years, returning in 1882 to Centralia, and removing thence to Portage county located at Plover. He married Eliza Smith of Appleton, Wis., and their chil- dren are named William R., Delia H., James R., and Walter H. While in the army Mr. Hughes was made Corporal, 3rd, 2nd and Orderly Sergeant and afterwards received a commission as 2nd Lieu- tenant, but was prevented from serving in that capacity on account of his wounds. o/i. '£. (J-yrvviA. yaaaaaaaaiaEBBBiaBcaBiBfe^d^iEBlEBBBBBBaBEiBQEiEiHBEiBy ftaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaiJiaaaaaaoBBBBBBBBaaQaaaaQl^ ;^^*«5«f-i^«<^ -UGUSTUS LED YARD SMITH, a citizen of Apple- % ton, Wis., was born April '' ~ 1833, in Middletown, Middlesex, Co.,Connecticut. ■ His father, Augustus W. Smith, LL. D., was a native of Newport, New York, and represented a family which was prominent in educa- tional, social and intellec- tual position and was a graduate of Hamilton College in the Empire State. He was a man of eminence in educa- tional relations and, from 1826 to 1830, was principal of the Seminary at Cazenovia, New York. In 1831 he accepted a Chair in the Wesleyan University in Middletown, then in process of organization, and was associated with Dr. Wilbur Fisk in the incipient management of that institution. The reputation which it has gained and held for many years is second to none in the country and manifests the char- acter of the projectors and the quality of judg- ment exercised in its establishment. Mr. Smith sustained his relations to the university until 1852, when he was made its President and re- mained such until 1857, when he resigned, to accept a professorship in mathematics in the U. S. Naval Academy at Annapolis, Md., having been appointed by Secretary Tousey and, dur- ing the same year. President Buchanan com- missioned him a Professor of Mathematics of that institution, it being a regular U. S. naval appointment and carrying with it tlie rank of Commodore; the e were but 12 such appoint- ments in the naval service. He continued in that connection until his death in 1866. The forbears of Dr. Smith were from England and were among the earliest settlers in America- The mother of Mr. Smith of this account, Cath- erine R. Childs, was a member of a family dis- tinguishfed in position and descent. She was a lineal descendant of several individuals who became distinguished through patriotism and position in the affairs of this country. The grandfather of Mr. Smitb in three removes was General Ledyard, an officer in botii wars with Great Britain. Colonel Ledyard, his great great uncle, was an officer in the Revolution and is mentioned in all histories of that struggle. He fought at New London and Fort Griswold, Conn., and was killed at Groton in tiie same State. The great grandmother of Mr. Smith was the sister of the latter. Thomas Childs, the pater- nal uncle of Mr. Smith's mother, was a promi- nent officer in the Mexican war and was made Governor of Pueblo de los Angelos, May 15, 1847, on the occupation of that city by the U. S. troops. He had the rank of Major-General. His father, Timothy, was a surgeoii in the army during the Revolution. Mr. Smith was reared and educated in his native place and, at the age of 21 was graduated from the university at Middletown. He came to Madison, Wisconsin, soon after, to take a po- sition as tutor in the State University of Wis- consin, and officiated in that position two years. In 1856 he became connected with the office of School Lands at Madison and through the ef- forts and solicitation of Hon. Horatio Seymour of New York, lie became connected with the Fox & Wisconsin Improvement Company. At that time the office of the corporation was lo- cated at Fond du Lac and Mr. Saiith conducted its relations from tiiat j)oint one year. In 1858 lie transferred the headquarters to Green Bay and, a year later, located at Appleton. The 752 CITIZENS' ALBUM OF Company was organized for the purpose of im- proving the Fox and Wisconsin Rivers from Green Bay to tlie Mississippi River. ■ The chief portion of the contemplated work was building the canals around the rapids and tlie construction of the necessary locks. The Government made a grant of land to Wisconsin for the purpose, and tlie State transferred the grant to the Company under restrictions and stipulated that, on tlie completion of a navi- gable route for vessels from Green Bay to Por- tage City, the title of the included lands should pass to the Company. The stipulations also provided for the sale of these lands under con- ditions that a proportion of the proceeds should be devoted to said improvements. The re- mainder was to be the property of the Company for expenses incurred, and Mr. Smith had charge of the business relations in the capacity of Secretary and Treasurer, representing the State and operating in the same relations to the Company. If no otlier evidence of the abilities and character of Mr. Smith was in existence this simple statement would suffice. The work was completed as far as Oshkosh when, in 1861, the condition of national affairs and the in- activity consequent upon the internal disturb- ance, produced a business stagnation which had its effect on the affairs of the Company and further progress in the work of improvement was temporarily suspended. Mr. Smith ac- cepted a professorship in the U. S. Naval Acad- emy at Annapolis, then removed to Newport, R. I., and was assigned to duty on the steam- frigate, Constitution. It gradually became ap- parent that the United States was equal to the emergency, and contidence being restored, the business of the Company brightened and the services of Mr. Smith became again indispen- sable. He resigned his position at the New- port U. S. Naval Academy, having served from the season of 1861 to the season of 1863, to re- sume the duties of his former relations with the Company. He returned to Appleton and the work of improvement was resumed and con- tinued on the upper Fox. Efforts were also used to induce shippers to become personally interested in the route, to secure additional re- sources for the speedy completion of the im- provements. The advantages from this source were insignificent. The expenditures were largely m excess of the receipts from tolls and sales of lands. The necessary funds were ob- tained through sale of bonds secured by mort- gage on the property of the (Jompany inclusive of its lands. The security was actually a sec- ond mortgage, the State holding its original claim for money expended prior to the organi- zation of the F. & W. I. Company. Nor could the title of the lands pass until the completion of the project. According to original condi- tions, on which the grant was transferred, sutti- cient money liad to be advanced to secure the obligation to the State and, in 18G6, it became necessary for the Trustees of the Slate to fore- close the mortgage bonds, and the sale of the proj>erty under the same, secured a sufficient amount to reimburse the State and to place on deposit with the State Treasurer, money to complete the work in every detail, as originally provided in the Act of Incorporation of the Company, and the conditions of the transfer by the State to them. The purchasers of the property organized the Green Bay & Mississippi Canal Company and, by said jiurchase, they became the owners of the entire franchise of the water powers and the remaining lands of the former corporation. The relations of Mr. Smith to the new corpora- tion were the same as before and he occupied the position until 1872. Not long before the sale, the lands had been divided among the stockholders on a pro rata basis, thus securing to them individual titles, and Mr. Smith now holds (1888) powers of attorney from the sev- eral stockholders to conduct all necessary trans- actions relating to them. He has operated continuously in this relation from 1857. In 1872, a series of public meetings were held in relations to franchises in Wisconsin, Minnesota and Iowa, and which resulted in the transfer of their franchises in the navigation, locks and canals by the G. B. & M. R. Company to the General Government, which, by Act of Con- gress, authorized the purchase. The price was fixed by arbitration, the court being chosen as to two members, respectively by the parties, and a third by those two. The United States, however, refused to accept and pay for the water powers, created by the several dams and that franchise is still in possession of the Com- pany. Mr. Smith still sustains his relations to the corporation and conducts the busiiie.ss. In 1870 he organized the First National Bank of Appleton, and has been since, its chief official. He is President of the Appleton Iron Company, in which he was an original factor in 1870. He is a Director in the G. B. & M. R. Company PERSONAL RECORDS. 75S and holds the same position in the Appleton Woolen Mill Com})any. He is President and Manager of the Appleton Electric Light Com- pany. In the progi'ess and general vvell-heing of Appleton he has been a prominent factor. Li 1870 he was mude Mayor of the cit}'. In 1873-74 lie served us Councilmiin. In 18(36-67 he was State Senator from tlie 6tli District, and in 1867 was created Regent of the State Univers- ity at Madison and iield tlie position six suc- cessive years. He holds, also, the position of Trustee of the Wesleyan University at Middle- town, Conn., his native town and his Alma Master, and is also Trustee of Lawrence Uni- versity, at Appleton. These latter are relations which he justly regards with pride and satis- faction. Mr. Smith was married Oct. 30, 18G0, to Edna J. Taylor of Chicago. They have two sons — Augustus Ledyard and Franklin Taylor. Mrs. Smith was born in Providence, Rhode Island, and is descended from New England ancestry of early date. The portrait of Mr. Smith appears on page 750. RAMSDELL a citizen of Marion, Waupaca Co., Wis., was born in Shorehara, Addison Co., Vt., Sep. 20, 1810. His father, Daniel Ramsdell, was a descendant of one of the illus- trious individuals who took part in the cele- brated tea-party in Boston liarbor in December, 1773. His mother was Miss Lydia Marsh be- fore marriage. Mr. Ramsdell was brought up by his own parents in the home of his nativity and was taught all tluit his forefathers bad ex- perienced in tlieir struggle for liberty and all that was entailed on him as a defender of what they won. At the age of 23 he was married at Wardsboro, Windham Co., Vt.,to Sylvia Rams- dell. The young people set up their housekeep- ing near Shoreham, on a farm which Mr. Ramsdell owned and where he was also inter- ested in the lumber trade. Tln-ee years later, Mr. Ramsdell removed his business to Wards- boro and there followed farming exclusively for about eight years, after which he established in the mercantile business and conducted a gen- eral store. He went thence to Port Henry, New York, where he was interested in political affairs to some extent and was one of the com- mittee which prepared the famous log cabin, where Daniel Webster delivered a speech in the presidential campaign of 1840. Mr. Ramsdell removed to Racine, Wis , in 1848 where he conducted an extensive drayage business and 'bus hne, in which he operated five years. He went from there to Manitowoc, Wis., where he was a resident for several years. While there the war made its unwelcome ad- vent and two of his .sons and three .sons-in-law enlisted and fouglit through the rebellion. He was 50 years old and in the .second year of the war, when, becoming convinced that the con- flict was to be of indefinite length he wrote to his boys asking if he had not better join them in the field and received advice "to remain at home and take care of mother." The sketch of his son Daniel Ramsdell appears in full on other pages of this volume. Irving Ramsdell enlisted in Company E 14tli Wisconsin Infan- try. He died in 1873 (See sketch.) After the battle of Shiloh he wrote to his father "Dan and I are safe and the enemy whipped." Post 79 at Marion is named in his honor. He was a good soldier and brave, and true man and citizen. Mr. Ramsdell removed from Manitowoc in 1856 and located at Marion, where he has since resided. He has been interested in farming and lumbering and has occupied a prominent position in the esteem of all who knew him. His sons have honored the name he transmitted to them and his daughters are his pride and happine.ss. Harriet, the oldest, is not living. Charles is also deceased. The wife of his youth died May 6, 1885. She was a lady of strong character, a true New England woman and sus- tained the position she had long held, that of a most exemplary and patient Christian. Feb. 6, 1887 Mr. Ramsdell was again married to Mrs. Maria Quimby. ENRY HARRISON COMPTON, of Grand Rapids, Wis., was born May 8, 1835, at Catlin, Chemung Co., New York. He is an illustration of a self-made man. He represents a class who form the bone and sinew of this country and who have made and preserved the prerogatives 754 CITIZENS' ALBUM OF of our Nationality. Mr. Compton is one who liad many varieties of adverse circumstances to contend witli and, througli native pluck, perse- verance, industry and probity of character has attained to honorable jiosition. In the fall of 1844, he came with his parents to the West. On arrival at Chicago they found transportation awaiting them in the shape of several teams and on these were loaded the goods and effects they had brought with them. They proceeded to Goodale, a point about 35 miles north of the Garden City and located a farm in the wilderness, where the son was reared to the age of 16 years without means of education or relaxation from labor. His father died and he was introduced to the responsibili- ties and cares of manhood which he assumed in a creditable manner. He took charge of- the homestead farm which he managed 18 years successively and successfully. He maintained his mother, sister and himself and he was occu- pied meanwhile in unremitting toil. In 1862, lie removed with his wife and two cliildren to Grand Rapids, and was variously engaged as a laborer until he entered the army. He became connected with the service of the United States in 1864 and was in the siege of Nashville and assisted in the repulse of Hood, seeing arduous service in the trenches prior to the battle. Mr. Compton was honorably discharged and holds liis credentials from the Government to that effect. Since his return from the service, he has applied his abilities and judgment to the acquisition of a comfortable property in Wood county, consisting in part of six farms, all of which are in excellent agricultural condition and owns also about 1,000 acres of uncultivated estate and owns on the main street of Grand Rapids a double brick store, two stories in height, in which he conducts his relations in trade in general merchandise. He has tele- phone connection with his dwelling and his conveniences for the rapid and accurate trans- action of his business relations are complete. His farms are rented to tenants and he is a careful custodian of the interests of his tenantry as of his own, attending to the facilities for the prosecution of farming in a successful manner, attending to all details of their mutual relations with a keenness and foresight which includes the interests of both. On his home farm, seven miles from Grand Rapids, he has made fine ex- hibits of sheep and horses and its management has been of the highest order, productive of substantial results in the way of profit. This place has developed a large amount of mineral wealth, although never submitted to exjiert ex- amination. The owner has a large collection of mineral si)ecimens forming a curious and valual)]e cabinet, which is displayed in tlie window of his store and attracts much admira- tion. This collection has taken repeated pre- miums at the fairs in Wood and Portage coun- ties and its notoriety has extended until it has become famous. An agent of the Regency of the University at Madison called on Mr. Comp- ton and preferred a request that the collection be transferred to that institution, but he did not respond to the application in the manner desired. The Regents asked him to bring them to Madison for classification and scientific examination as they desired to ascertain the character of the mineral resources of the section of Wisconsin where they were obtained. The offer included expenses incurred. Mr. Comp- ton has not, as yet, (1888) complied with the request. Tliere is every evidence that the iron in the recesses of the earth on his farm is of the best quality, and that turquoise, jasper, jacinth and other chrystalizations are present. The qualifications of Mr. Compton as a busi- ness man and one whose judgment is prompt and reliable, has been recognized by bis gener- ation and he has been called to office in several capacities. He has served four years as under- Sheriff and was elected High Sheriff which po- sition he filled two years and was not re-elected on account of ineligibility under State laws. He acted in the position of Sheriff and Under- Slieriff six years and, during the greater por- tion of the time he was Under-Sheriff, trans- acted a large proportion of the business of the Sheriff proper. He has also officiated as City Marshal of Grand Rapids. At this writing (1888), he is a prominent official of the Ancient Order of United Workmen. Mr. Compton is a man who is relied on by his fellow citizens in times of emergency, and is regarded with respect and esteem. In the spring of 1882 he was injured in the course of the progress of a devastating fire at Grand Rapids, in which the Rablin House was burned. A section of a cornice fell, striking him on the head, and he was laid on the sidewalk as dead, but was restored by efficient medical skill after two months of unconsciousness. He has never recovered entirely, and is still a great sufterer from the broken skull. He has expended up- PERSONAL RECORDS. 755 wards of $5,000 in his efforts for relief, and has consulted many physicians. Mr. Compton is the son of .John and Ida (Hall) Compton, both of whom represented New York stock of early date. Jolm H. Compton, his brother, was killed in action at Shiloh, April 6, 18G2 ; he was Captain of Company G. Mr. Compton was married May 1, 1857, to Frances A. Shepherd, a lady every way fitted for the position she holds. The names of the children surviving to Mr. and Mrs. Compton are Carrie, Charles E.,Celia, Frank, John, Mabel and Ethel. Delia aged 8, .Jolm, aged three, and an infant son died of scarlet fever v.'ithin five weeks. Carrie is the wife of W. T. Jones of Centralia, Wis. Her children are named Delia, Stella, Seth and Charles. Mrs. Compton was born in Phelps, Ontario Co., N. Y., and her ancestors belonged to the families who aided in the development of the Empire State. Renn- selaer Shepherd, her brother, enlisted in an Illinois regiment and served through the civil war. Her parents were Chancellor and Caro- line (Truesdell) Shepherd. Her father was a Methodist minister, and descended from the French Huguenots. He was the son of a man who lived to the age of 104 years, and died when 90 years old ; his mother was 95 years old when she died. -J>;^--^>t^^^>*5*^-►^^5<^-^ /'^^ EORGE WARREN, a prominent citi- t 'j' \ zen of Matti.son, Wis., where he is \^^^4 conducting his agricultural interests ^— "^ was born June 27, 1828, in Lexing- ton, Green Co., New York, and is the son of John and Eliza (Merwin) Warren. He became a resident of Wisconsin in 1856, and has passed his entire life with the exception of unimport- ant intervals in farnaing. He is prominent in local affairs of the section where he resides, and has represented his District in the Assembly of Wisconsin in 1883 — 4. He has also officiated as Town Treasurer of Mattison three years. Mr. Warren made several efforts to enroll as a soldier in the war for the Union, endeavoring to pass the required qualifications in September, 1864, but was rejected. He endeavored to en- list on the first day of the month and he was drafted on the last day of the month to be re- jected upon examination. He was recorded as a loyal citizen before the war and, since that period, has substantiated his position as suc-h. Mr. Warren was married in 1858 to Martha Madison. Their children are named Ruie, Orva, May, Sarah, Charlotte and Hruce. The oldest daughter is married. Two daughters, Lida and Helen, are not living. BRAHAM ANDREWS, of Brillion, Cal- ^ uraet Co., Wis., was born at Ashton, Lancasiiire, England, March 4th, 1822. His father, James Andrew, was a calico printer in England, and, as is the custom in tliat country, the son acquired a knowledge of the same vocation. His mother, Mary Williamson previous to marriage, was born in Ashton. Mr. Andrews had meageV opportunities for obtaining a comprehensive education in his own country and came fo America at the age of twenty. He had a strongly reflective mental organization and at once saw the advantages the customs of this country offered in the way of debates and lectures and, giving all the time he could to such opportunities, he advanced with rapidity in understanding and is one of the best educated men, as a resull, in his sphere. He is what is signified by the term well-posted, having a practical understanding of current literature and current events of the world. He operated as a calico printer in his native town and in the celebrated works at Manches- ter. He landed in this country at the port of New York and at once proceeded to Providence, where lie engaged with Messrs. Richmond & Carroll, proprietors of the Eagle Print works, remaining in tlieir employ until 1850. In that year he came to Manitowoc county and engaged in farming in Kossuth Township, taking up a farm of wild land which he cleared " from the stumj). " The locality was infested with the wild inhabiumts and the wilder ani- mals of the uncut forest and he proceeded to the work of reclamation, with both for compan- ions. He occupied the farm 1 1 years. He had interested himself in the events tliat preceded the war of the rebellion and had been particu- larly active in the election of Mr. Lincoln and contributed his share in rendering Kossuth a 756 CITIZENS' ALBUM OP Republican town. He asked no emoluments, but Hon. A. Scott Sloan secured for him the appointment as lighthoNse keeper at Manitowoc and he held the position four years. To his efforts was attributed largely the credit of changing the county from a stronghold for Democracy to a Republican element. After leaving the lighthouse, he entered the employ of Josepii Vilas & Co., proprietors of a woolen mill at Manitowoc Rapids, and remained in that relation five years. When the mill was burned he went to the Burchard & McFetridge Woolen Mills at Beaver Dan and operated there as scourer and fuller for six months. He went to Brillion at the time the Milwaukee & Lake Shore railway corporation were commencing business there and again took up a wild farm of 80 acres and, although no longer a young man, he cleared a second farm from the wilder- ness. It is still his property and home and in addition to general farming, he is interested in lumbering. The stock on his farm is of excel- lent type and nicludes a dairy and good horses. He is also, the proprietor of a drug store at Brillion, which he manages. His son, Tliomas Paine Andrews, is the custodian of active op- erations on the farm. Mr. Andrews was married Nov. 15, 1849, to Mary Jane Baird and their children are named Thomas Paine, Eliza, William Henry, Helen and Dale Owen. Tlie marriage took place in Providence, R. I., and the wife is a native of Stockport, Lancashire, England. Her father was a dresser in a cotton factory in England. The daughter Eliza is the wife of Job Clark, of Manitowoc, and the mother of four children — Thomas, William, Linda and Dale. Helen married William Litner, of Brillion, and her children are named Leonard A., Eliza and Mary Jane. William is married also. The only relatives Mr. Andrews has in America are a brother, William, of Dodgeville, Mass., (who has become distinguished through his work on " The Constitution of Nature " and others of similar type,) a sister, Hannah Andrews, living in San Francisco and a daughter of another sis- ter, Mrs. Martha Litner, who is deceased. His brother has a daughter. The history and career of Mr. Andrews pre- sent a sample of what a man may accomplish under the influence of the proper proclivities, fostered by the advantages and customs of this country, which present to all, the choice of ad- vancement, and where intelligence, combined with industry and persevering habits, is nearly always certain to place a man somewhere near the top of the ladder in position and apprecia- tion by his fellow-men. -^>S>*^»!^;^^<5*f-*«tf5^-» EVEREND JOHN FAVILLE, pastor of the Congregational Church at Ap- pleton. Wis., was born July 7, 1847, in Milford, Jefferson Co., Wis., and was brought up on a farm. He received his primary education in his native place and after- wards attended school at Lake Mills in the same county. He completed a full course of study at Lawrence University at Appleton, whence he was graduated in June, 1871. Returning to Milford he engaged as principal of a school there, in which position he- officiated one year. At tbe expiration of that time he accepted a similar situation at Two Rivers, Wis., and dis- cliarged its duties one year. In 1873 he entered tiie Theological Department of the Boston University, and received the credentials of the institution in 1876. His first pastorate was filled at Fond du Lac, where he officiated over the congregation of the Colton street M. E. Church one year. He was next as.signed to Fox Lake, Wis., where he preached three years. Tlie Congregational Society there was without a pastor and the two bodies uniting harmoni- ously, he officiated as minister to both. His next appointment was at Waupun and he of- ficiated tiiere tiiree years. He was again sent to Fond du Lac and remained three years suc- cessively. During the third year he accepted a call to the ministry of the Congregational Church at A])pleton. He commenced his labors in tluit relation in 1880, and has realized the reward of the faithful servant of the Gospel in the steady growth and prosperity of the So- ciety. In the course of the second year of his ministry, it was determined to increase the ac- commodations of the church structure, and the work of erecting a new edifice was entered into preliminarily, by the consideration of plans for that jHirpose. A site, eminently fitting and satisfactory, was secured at the corner of Law- rence and Pearl streets, and the corner stone was laid June 10, 1883, with simple but impres- sive ceremonies, and the structure is to be com- pleted in February, 1889. It will rank in de- PERSONAL RECORDS. 757 sign and convenience with other churches in the State and, in addition to an audience room with a seating capacity of about 700, will have a Sunday school room accommodating about 500, and in the lower story a room will be ar- I'anged for young men, who will find a welcome seven days in tlie week. Tire cost of the build- ing, exclusive of the lot, will be $32,000. It is pertinent to this account, which will become historical, to state that the efforts of all who have been connected with the enterprise have been exercised to tlie best and most unselfish advantage. But the building in which the work of the Congregational Society at Appleton has been nurtured and fostered, will always re- tain a permanent place in the memories of those who have been connected with Congrega- tionalism in that city. The Society is equal in numbers and position to any other in Appleton, and Mr. Faville is regarded as a man to whom the interests of the religious body of the city are precious in every sense. Mr. Faville is the son of Elijah and Eliza (Ostrom) Faville. His father was a native of Herkimer Co., New York, where his ancestors of three removes had resided. The forbears of the present generation were of English origin. The mother of Mr. Faville was born in Wayne Co., New York, and belonged to ancestral stock, which was, originally, of Holland Dutch origin. The family included three sons. Rev. Henry Faville, formerly a clergyman of tlie M. E. Church, is a twin brother of Mr. Faville of this sketch. Rush E., is also a brother, and is a farmer at Waterloo, Wis. Mr. Faville belongs to a race that has become distinguished in in- tellectual, educational and social attainments in every part of tiie East and West. He is con- nected by blood with several prominent ftimilies in Wisconsin, and the name luis come to be the synonym for religious, social and intellectual position. Mr. Faville has always been interest- ed in tlie moral reforms of society. He identi- fied himself in the Temperance Reform with the Prohibition Party in the fall of 1881, and at that time and in each succeeding campaign, has spoken on the political platform in defense of the principles of tliat party. He has been a writer m the interest of religion and morality, and has contributed many leading articles to the press of the country, including the Inde- pendent and Advance of New York and the An- dover Review. He is a member of the Ameri- can Institute of Christian Philosophy. He was married Oct. 26, 1876, to Louisa G. Thayer, and their children are named Henry Thayer and Mildred. Mrs. Faville was born in Massachusetts, and is the daughter of Henry and Mary A. (Kelley) Thayer. They belonged to Massachusett stock of early date. Two of the brothers of her mother were soldiers in Massachusetts regiments during the war. OHN .JOHNSTON, the first settler at Ap- /cji pleton, where he is still a resident, was ^li born .July 8, 1822, at Manheim, Herki- mer Co., New York. He grew to man- hood in his native State, and there fiilHIIed the legal obligations he owed to his parents. He was educated in the common schools and, later, completed his education by several terms at- tendance at Fairfield Seminary. When he was 21 years of age he came to Illinois, and [lassed the following winter teaching at a ))lace 50 miles from Chicago. In the fall of 1843, he came to Wisconsin for the first time and re- mained at Lake Mills, Jefferson county, two years, operating as a cabinet maker and in the manufacture of chairs. In the winter of 1845-6 he came to Neenah, and was there married, March 26, 1846, to Janette M. Finch. They re- sided there two years and in August, 1848, Mr. Johnston came to Appleton, then a wilder- ness, which knew not the hand of the pioneer, save that it had l)een platted in June previous as a town, by Amos A. Lawrence, of Boston, rep- resented by Reeder Smith. Not a stick of tim- ber had been cut when Mr. Smith made the survey. The interest of Mr. Lawrence was en- listed through the founding of the Lawrence University. He offered $10,000 to the Uni- tarian Cli'urch Body for the founding of an in- stitution of learning in tliis part of Wisconsin, j)rovided they would rai.se a similar amount. Failing in this and determined not to be baf- fled in bis desire of founding an educational institution of superior character in the North- west, he made the same proposition to the Methodist Episcopal Church if they would es- tablish such a school between Green Bay and Fond du Lac. A committee was appointed to select a site and the beautiful rapids m the Fox River attracted their attention to the claims of the location for beauty of scenery and advan- 758 CITIZENS' ALBUM OF tages as a probable business center at no distant day. The rapids gave the name of Grand Clmte to this locaHty and on the com- mittee rendering their decision, tlie money was paid over by Mr. Lawrence. Tlie next spring, (1849,) Samuel Appleton, of Boston, made a proposition to call the newly fledged town by his name, and promising, if his suggestion be favoraljly received that he would appropriate $10,000 endowment for a library for Lawrence University. Acceptance was signified and the library, with the accretions of the intervening years, is one of the finest in the entire North- west and probably contains more valuable liter- ature than any other in the same section. Mr. Johnston cast his fortunes with the little municipality and drew the first load of lumber into the place from Duck Creek Mills, with an ox-team. He built the first shanty in which people lived, and it was a structure of the most pnraitive character. The lumber was utilized for roof and floor, the sides being open. His bed and table were under shelter and not a night passed without the floor being covered with lodgers. The woods were full of wolves which sometimes became more familiar than agreeable. The lumber for the University was drawn in the winter by Indians. The frame was placed above a stone basement and was raised .July 3, 1849. It was 30x70 feet in dimensions, and on the next day a celebration was held in it. There were about 150 people in Aj)j)leton, including men, women and chil- dren, mechanics and their families, attracted there by prospects of work. The University building was completed and in the fall of 1849, school opened. The first President was the Rev. W. H. Sampson. The first sawmill Wcis erected at Appleton in the fall of 1849. The first postoffice was estal)lished in 1848 at Tayco's Point, two miles from the " Chute, " and the postmaster was Burr S. Craft. In the spring of 1849 it was established at Appleton and Mr. Johnston was appointed postmaster. One mail a week constituted the whole of the business, which was carried from Fond du Lac to Green Bay and back on horseback, and the earlier mails would not fill a man's hat. Mr. Johnston retained his office through the admin- istrations of Presidents Taylor and Pierce, and meanwhile, manufactured furniture for the set- tlers. The first physician was Dr. S. E. Beach, who went afterwards to Kansas and enlisted as Chief Surgeon of the First Kansas Volunteers and died while in the service at Nashville, Tenn. On Christmas Day, 1848, Mr. Joimston gave all his friends a sleigh-ride with an ox- team on roads "swamped" through the woods, the swamp3' places being " corduroyed. " (The term "swamped " in pioneer parlance signified the removal of brush obstructing travel under the trees of the primeval forest. For three years the intercourse between Ap- pleton and Neenah was carried on bj' boats. In 1850 or a year later, a small steamboat was built at Neenah and named the " Billy Bar- low, " which ran on the Lake Butte des Morts, (Hill of the Dead) to Appleton. (An Indian burial place was situated on the north side of the lake of which all traces have been oblitera- ted by the building of the Chicago & North- western railroad.) The water power at Apple- ton was first improved by T. P. Bingham, who built a .sawmill and Messrs. Bowen and Conkey platted that part of the village now included in the ord Ward. This was called the Grand Chute plat and the other the Appleton plat. The fall of 40 feet in the river and the superior claims of the University have acted jointly as an impetus in the progress of Appleton. In the course of the war Mr. Johnston was con- nected with the 21st Wisconsin Infantry in the capacity of sutler. He made a record which goes a long way towards the extinction of a prejudice against the cla.ss who did not always exhibit patriotism and consideration for the ne- cessities of the soldiers. On the contrary, he transacted his business from the standpoint of a friend ofthe Republic and of the men who were engaged in its defense. He a ways assuaged the needs and hardship of the soldiers in action, so far as it was in his power. In the battle of Per- ryville, in which the regiment had no tents, he transformed his own sutler's tent into a shelter for the wounded and his wagon into an ambu- lance. He had the fixed idea that it was his duty to do all in his power for the soldiers of the regiment in active as well as in the other conditions of warfare. He became to them the friend their necessities required; he nursed them while wounded and sick, and gave them the consideration of a father in other respects. He was in tiie habit of taking from his own stores such food as he judged might tempt their dis- ordei'ed appetites and so well known were his benevolence and philanthropy, that his quarters never knew the need of a guard. Just before the fight at Chickamauga the 21st PERSONAL RECORDS. 759 had drawn beef rations in quarters, but receiv- ing sudden orders to move before it could be cut up and distributed, it became necessar}' to leave it on the field. Mr. .Jolfnston took charge of it, took it to the rear and cooked it. He also made four pails of coffee and then carried the whole to the front for the "boys" wlio needed it so sorelj'. This is a single sample of raaii}^ acts of similar benefit to tlie soldiers of the 21st, and for which he is held in grateful remembrance. After the war was over he returned to Ap- pleton and established himself in the business of a hotel keeper. He has pursued various business connections and is now interested at Ishpetning. His residence is retained at Ap- pleton. Mr. Johnston is the son of William and Har- riet (Favdle) .Johnston. Tlie former was born in Ballston, Saratoga Co., New York. Thomas Johnston, the grandsire, was a native of New Jersey, and was the fifth in direct descent from ancestral stock that located in America. In nationality he was of Scotch extraction. The mother was born at Manheim, New York and is of the fifth generation in her lin- eage in this country. Her father was a soldier of the Revolution and did excellent service in the fighting with the Mohawk Indians. On one occasion he led a charge against a band which numbered 75 ; they were entirely routed, losing a large proportion of their "braves" by death and capture. The relics secured by this valiant ancestor are still pre- served by Mr. Johnston. Isaac Finch, the father of Mrs. Jolnaston, was a Major in the War of 1812 and was wounded in the fight at Plattsburg. He was a member of tbe 32nd Congress and was a man of such grace, affabil- ity and dignity, that he was called the Chester- field of that body. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Johnston numbered three. William H. is located at Ishpeming and is Superintendent of the Lake Superior Iron Company. Marion died at four years of age. Emma married D. F. Canfield and is a widow, residing in her father's household. She has two children — Lena and Guy F. Mr. Johnston was the first President of the village when Appleton was incorporated and has officiated in nearly every position in the management of local affairs. In 1856 he was elected Clerk of the Board of Supervisors. He received the support of both parties, having been nominated on the Republican ticket and elected in a community in which the Democra- tic element prevailed. The value of the record of such a man as Mr. Johnston in a work of this cbaracter is one that needs no elaborations at the bands of the historian. He is a philanthropist pure and sim[)le, and in all his operations has exercised the quality of judgment which, in results, bears its own reward. In the army he never forgot the law which should regulate the relations be- tween men. He sympathized with tiie sorrow- ing and mitigated as far as he could the exi- gencies to which soldiers were exposed in the service by such aid as he could bestow. It was the custom of his class to await the cessation of of all danger and appear at the time when necessity with sharp blade, made their wares a desideratum that must rule, and accordingly their harvests accrued in proportion. In local affairs he has won a clear title to the respectful remembrance of the generations to come, through his efforts in behalf of his own. »-J»t^ ►•i>t^*^fel^5«f-»^i«f-» OSEPH SELMA, a resident of Marinette, Wis., was born at Cadiz, Spain, Sep. 11, 1840. He is a native Spaniard and his parents, Marcano and Maria Josefa (Cardevo) Selma were natives of the same coun- try. His father was a fisherman, and as the in- come from tiiat profession was limited, he was early taken from school to assist in the support of the large family. He was trained in a knowledge of the business to which he succeed- ed by natural inheritance, and was occupied as a fisherman until he was 18 years old, when he obtained a position on a steamer which carried the mail from Cadiz to Cuba, thence to Mar- seilles, France, and back to Cadiz. His uncle, Thomas Taguada, was boatswain, and the nephew became captain of the afterhold, man- aging the storage of the baggage in that section of the vessel, and operated in all the duties of the position until he was 20, when he was drafted into tlie navy, being made a petty offi- cer as soon as he reported for duty on account of his exj)erience as a seaman. The name of the boat was tiie Santa Maria, of which he was made Quartermaster after a year of service, when he was transferred to a gunboat, named the UUoa, which went to Mexico in 1862, sail- 760 CITIZENS' ALBUM OF ing with her for 18 months, being at the end of that time examined for tlie station of boat- swain, for which he was peculiarly fitted, being familiar with every variety of seamanship, and was accordingly promoted to one of the most responsible positions in Queen Isabella's navy. He continued in that service two years. Two weeks after the capture of New Orleans by Butler, the Ulloa was sent to that port for the protection of the Spanish consul, subject to h^s orders. In the same year, 1863, he was in the St. Domingo war on the Ulloa, aud during two years was in constant exposure, receiving a splinter wound in action. He left his post be- cause, although a Spaniard, and inheriting a liery and impetuous temperament, he was born with the instincts of a free man and with a tolerant spirit, which would not brook the in- dignities of the service of his native land, and his pride revolted from the debasement accrue- ing to the enforcement of the discipline of flog- ging men as good as himself, who chanced to hold inferior positions. He therefore resigned his boatswainship and embarked on a Scotch banjue bound for Greenock, Scotland, from wlience he accompanied the craft to Madeira, thence back to Scotland, where he shipped on the barque Tassel for the Indies. He went thence to New York after a trip of eleven months and twelve days. He shipped in the U. S. navy in 1867, as an able seaman, serving three years. He was promoted from the lowest petty office to the highest non-commissioned officer, serving as Master, Armorer, Boatswain's Mate, and others in succession. He was dis- charged at Annapolis with honor. He liad all possible opportunity to observe the difference in the treatment of a self-respecting, sober seaman, and received the consideration an individual de- serves, who regards his manhood as his highest responsibility. The continental navies at that date still retained the inhumanities and barbai'- isms of the middle ages, and are little better to-day in some of the European maritime con- nections. He went to Chicago in 1870 and there resided one month, engaging on the lakes as a wheelman. He went to Depere at the end of tliat time and sailed the lakes lor a period of six years. In the seasons alternating, he worked in an iron furnace at Depere, and in 1876 went to Marinette, where he obtained a position as cook, and operated in that capacity in the sailing service, and worked in the woods winters for several years. His next engage- ment was in a boarding house in the interest of the H. Whitbeck Lumber Co., in which he remained four years. He then bought a lot (June, 1886), and erected the Tremont House, a fine, modern building with the best type of fixtures, and remains its sole owner and pro- prietor. It is an inviting and well-managed hostelry in every respect. When he was 19 years old, and before he was drafted into the Spanish navy, he was married to Carmen Chulian. Their daughter, Maria, died when four months old. His wife died in 1862, and he was again married in 1808 to Catherine Barry, and they have five surviving children. Joseph is deceased. Maria Josepliine is a young lady of accomplishments and is a teacher. Thomas is receiving the education of a priest at the Jesuit college at Piairie du Chien. Nellie, William Raphael and Kitty are the names of the others. Mrs. Selma was born in Ireland and came to New York in 1865, while the city was draped in mourning for the death of Lincoln. Her people were fanners, and Thomas Barry, her brother, was a soldier. He was wounded, and is deceased. William is in Chicago. Another brotlier, John, is still in Ireland, and is a retired policeman on a pen- sion. LIVER PERRY DE LAND, profes- sor of the De Land Business Col- ^J/XI lege, at Ap]>leton, Wis., was born April, 29, 1827, at Kirkland, Oneida Co., New York. He is the son of Eli and So- phia (Miller) De Land, both born in Oneida county, New York, and of old New York famil- ies. His uncle, Obadiah De Land, was a sol- dier of the war of 1812. His parents I'eraoved to Chautauqua county. New York, when he was eight years old. They were farmers and his early life was spent on a farm near Forestville, in that county, where he attended the district school. At the age of 17 lie had become pro- ficient in mathematics but wa.s deficient in writing, which he had great ditticulty in ac- quiring. At about this time in the spring, a writing master named J.J.Estey, opened a school at Forestville, and Mr. De Land at once took advantage of this opportunity, walking miles through the mud to attend his class. Much C^a-vi'. cf/^/i.tcIe't-Lt-i^ (2yc;-''u,>-u-e--i. PERSONAL RECORDS. 7G1 to his delight he found tliat he was making sat- isfactory progress and he taught his first wri- ting scliooi tiiat fall. It was a complete success so far as the rapid improvement made by his pupils was concerned, and an event in the life Mr. De Land, as it was his first effort as a teacher and the first money he had earned in his life, he then being but 17 years years old. He has now the reputation of being one of the best penman in the State. This is mentioned as evidence of the fact that conspicuous ability may be developed by industry aud persever- ance when genius seems wholly wanting. Professor De Land afterwards attended an academy at Fredonia, in his native count}', and when he was 18 years old he taught a term of winter school in the south district of Foi'estville, an experience which he recalls with pride and pleasure. Until he was 23 years old he labored snmmers and taught school in the al- ternating winters, and meanwhile tauglit pen- manship in several localities. In 1850, he came to Wisconsin and located at Fond du Lac. In his seasons of labor he had acquired a com- plete knowledge of the trade of carpenter and joiner, and he engaged in the manufacture of sash and doors, this branch of manufacture being carried on by hand. Meanwhile he kept in mind the purpose he had formed to prose- cute penmanship as abusine.ss, and in 1853 he again engaged in teaching public schools, and forming writing classes ■ during vacation pe- riods. In 1860, he a,ssumed the management of a public scliool at Manitowoc as its principal, and officiated in that capacity until the fall of 18G3, when he obtained a position as teacher of penmanship in Bryant & Stratton's Busi- ness & Commercial College at Cincinnati. In 1805, he established a commercial college at Fond du Lac, whicli he conducted with marked success six years and sold his business in the fall of 1871, when he came to Appleton to or- ganize the commercial department of Lawrence University, and it has since constituted one of the promment features of the leading educa- tional institution of the Northwest. He con- tinued to conduct this branch of the Univer- sity five years and, in 1876, taught a commer- cial school at Sheboygan, and the next year en- gaged as principal of one of the ward gram- mar schools of Fond du Lac. In 1883, he es- tablished a commercial school at Appleton, which also includes the commercial depart- ment of Lawrence University, and it is an in- stitution of prominence and receives the recog- nition it deserves. During the time Profe.s.sor De Land has been engaged in liis ])rofessional work he has graduated many young men who are considered as belonging to tlie most efficient business class of men in the North- western portion of Wisconsin. Professor De Land was married Oct. 2, 1853, to Loui.se Maria Brown, and they have two chil- dren — Louis E. and Augusta T.; the latter is the wife of Henry E. Hall, of Fond du Lac, and their is named Georgia. A son of Mr. and Mrs. De Land, named Franklin, died when four years old. Since 1850, Profes.sor De Land has maintained his residence at Foud du Lac. ♦-j>t^^-j»i>^^<«5*^*<^«f.. HILETUS SAWYER. To the present generation to Wisconsin it is quite unnecessary to state that the name which introduces this personal nar- ration is second to none in prominence in the Badger State. It represents an element on which is based the splendid progress and pre- eminence of the Comraonwealtli and typifies the quality of effort and eneregy, coupled with integrity and public spirit which has added irameasuraljly to the advancementof Wisconsin among the States of the Northwest. Mr. Sawyer was born in Rutland (bunty, Vermont, Sep. 22, 1816. He is the son of Ephraim Sawyer, who was born in the Green Mountain State within the period of the in- cipiency of that State and grew up under the influences under which the settlement of \'^er- mont began, at a time when to be within its borders was to be a part of its history and also, a part of that of the adjustment of the affairs of the country as a Nation. He hastened to enlist when the second struggle with Great Britain came on and served as a soldier in 1812. The ancestral stock of Mr. Sawyer dates to the be- ginning of things in the National Government. His mother was born Polly Parks and she was a scion of stock connected with tlie days of first things in the United States. Within a year after the birth of tluiir son, the parents removed their interests to Essex county across Lake (Jham- plain in the State of New York, where his youth was passed. While his father plied his busi- ness as a blacksmith he occupied his time in 762 CITIZENS' ALBUM OF such labor as was incident to the circumstances, and attended school about three months in each year if opportunity served, and he ob- tained such education as he could. When he was 17 years old he "bought his time", a pro- ceeding that has grown almost obsolete in tlie latter days, when the generations coming to the front early assume their own responsibili- ties without recognition of the formulas which seemed to underline the social and business structure of a former era. He paid |100 for the privilege of taiving care of liimself and he hired as a sawmill hand, paying his indebted- ness to his father with the proceeds of his labor. He developed a business discernment as soon as he was in position to realize his responsibli- ties and, as soon as possible, he became a prac- tical lumberman, operating the mill where he had been working, on contract and when he turned his face to the promise of the West, when increasing responsibilities and awaken- ing capacity roused him to a sense of the narrowness of opportunity where he had grown to manhood, he was equipped with means that was then a respectable fortune. In 1847, in the woods and rocks of Northern New York, $2,000 represented a success which challenged admiration and almost awe among the simple minded denizens of the mountain fastnesses of the Empire State, and tiiere was no surprise when young Sawyer set out for a field where he could find the opportunity his business ambi- tion demanded. He came to Wisconsin and located in Fond du Lac county on a farm. During two years of struggle whicli seemed his inheritance from his ancestors and indespensible to a pioneer, he was observing the current of events in Wisconsin and settling on a career of wider scope than the bounds of a farm. In the last month of 1849 he located at Algoma in Winnebago county and soon after resumed connection with the inter- ests of a lumberman. He began in an avenue he understood practically and run a sawmill on contract, afterwards renting the establishment until 1853, when he entered into a partnership with two gentlemen of Fond du Lac and be- came a third owner of the proj)erty by pur- chase. Their relations continued until 1856 and in 1862 Mr. Sawyer became sole proprietor, by the payment to the outgoing member of $70,000 beyond the third the remaining owner had invested. This statement adequately represents several points which it is desirable to present in the personal narration of Mr. Sawyer. They delinate the success which has been the direct outgrowth of his abilities and the quality of the judgment and business acumen of which he is possessed to a remarkable degree, but which are the result of persistpnt application of his capacity and prescience, and not the product of what may be called by some, natural gifts or "luck." Genius is, undoubtedly a desideratum, but the capacity for hard work is in the front rank. Let it be remarked in passing, that the busi- ness career of Mr. Sawyer has been one that has been productive of general interest to many. His example and the assistance he has afforded to more than one struggling fellow man in get- ting on liis feet, have been of wide influ- enee. While he has continued to increase his relations as a lumberman until they em- brace every phase pertaining to them, he has been identified with local affairs as his duty as a citizen has deuianded, and has always hon- ored his obligations to his generation. He was not, in early life, prominent in political connec- tions, but affiliated with the liberal element on whose principles the Republican party was l)ased and, on the organization of that body in American j)olitics, became identified therewith and has remained a consistent supporter of its is- sues. He was made a factor in the administra- tion of local affairs in his municipality and in 1857 and 1861 served in the Legislature of Wis- consin. He acted as Mayor of Oshkosh in 1863-4 and in the latter year was nominated for Con- gress. He received a triumphant support and was successively re-elected in 1866 and 1868. During his career at Washington, his constitu- ency became impiressed with the value of his services in the interests of the State and the necessity to Wisconsin of such influence as he wielded in the developmentof her resources and he was again and again sent to the National Capital until he had served 10 consecutive years in the House. And, during the entii'e time he acted in j)ositions of responsibility, requiring indefatigable industry and other qualifications indisjjensable to an upright and laborious legis- lator. In .June, 1876, Mr. Sawyer was a delegate to the convention which nominated R. B. Hayes, and in .June, 1880, he was a delegate to the Re- publican National convention. He was elected to the Senate of the United States Jan. 26, 1881, and, six years from that date, was again elected PERSONAL RECORDS. 763 to the same position. Tiie archives of the State and Nation contain all the data concerning his l)ub]ic career in tlie National legislative halls, and he has been mentioned more than once as a possible candidate for the Presidency. At this writing Mr. Sawyer has passed tiie limit of man's allotted life. His energies are still iiu- abated and bis value to the community at lai'ge undiminished, but in 189.3, if his life is sjiared, he proposes to give place to others who may sus- tain their relations with the same steadfastness and disinterestedness as he has done, in tiie light of bis stainless record. In this record, Mr. Sawyer aj)i)ears in an atti- tude which has no relation to other connections in which he has been portrayed. lie is all that is included in the statement, " he is a friend of the soldier." To him no Wisconsin soldier has made a vain appeal. Realizing all that he has received at the hands of the men who carried the musket, and thoroughly alive to the double injustice in their payment in a depriciated curi'ency, Mr. Sawyer has made it a point of pi'inciple to devote a ))roportion of his time and means to the furtherance of their claims. His labors in the 49th Congress form one of the brightest pages in bis personal his- tory, as be officiated on a commission and sub- mitted about GOO pension bills witii written re- ports, every one of which were j)assed. His ])opularitj' had the common results and bis business with soldiers increased to such an ex- tent that be has since employed a secretary to attend to it, securing the assistance of a gentle- man who had had 12 years experience in the Pension Office. The latter has given his atten- tion to the matter in a manner co)isonant with the purposes of Mr. Sawyer who, through his abilities and industry has been able to accom- plish a large amount of benefit to the defenders of the Nation. No letter sent to Senator Sawyer is ignored or unanswered. His own character reflects on every individual with whom he has personal contact in his employ and bis courtli- ness, att'aliility and genial ty are of a stamp which prove the effectiveness of a high toned well-bred gentleman in all relations in life. Senator Sawyer was married .lune 18, 1841, to Melvina M. Hadley. They had five chil- dren of whom two are deceased — Ella M. and Earl T. Edgar P., a prominent citizen of Osh- kosb, is the eldest son. Emma married How- ard G. White of Syracuse, New York, and is a lady who honors the father of whom she is the pride and joy. ICrna married William O. Good- man of Chicago. Pending the i)ublication of this account of Senator Sawyer, the wife and mother has passed beyond the border of the illimitable world. She expired at Washington, 1). C, May 21st, 1888, after several years of i)rogres- sive disease which was known from the first to be inevitably fatal. She faced her danger with unfliucing courage, refusing to yield in any degrt'c wbei-e resolute sjiiril. and strength ot j)Urj)ose could lie of any avail. Her life was beautiful in every capacity in which she was called to act. She was a true pioneer's wife, bearing all privations and discouragements with undaunted clu'erfulness and sustaining: lier compainons ni a manner which is still en- shrined in tlieir memories as a precious posses- sion. She was brought back to final rest at Osbkosh, where she had lived many gracious years and where her place will be unfilled for- ever more. Edgar P. Sawyer was married Oct. 18, 1864, to Mary M .Jewell and their two children are named Nina M. and Philetus Horace. The daughter is the wife of C. C. Chase of Oshkosh. The son is the sole representative of his grand- father who will preserve the jiatronymic, being the only grandson. Henry C. and Mary Ann (Russel) .Jewell, the parents of Mrs. Sawyer, were born respectively in Salisbury, Coini. Her father came to Wisconsin in the autumn of 1843 and is one of the pioneer settlers of Green Lake county. He came to Osbkosh in the fall of 1818 and was engaged in lumbering. The great maternal grandfather was on the personal staff of General Washington in the war of the Revolution and was named Russel. Her grandmother in the same remove was named Nichols and was of old Connecticut stock. The family is in the .same line of de- scent from the original representative of the name of Jewell in America as ex- Postmaster Cieneral Je\yell. Mrs. Sawyer is also of the well-known Cliapin family and, recently, a statue of the founder of that family has been erected at Springfield, Mass. He came to America on the AhiyHower. The portrait of Senator Sawyer on page 760 is copied from a photograph taken in 1888. 764 CITIZENS' ALBUM OF USH WINSLOW, M. D., Mayor of Ap- pletoii, Wis., (1888) was born Nov. 7, 1843, at Koshkonong, .Jefferson Co., Wis. He was a pupil in the schools of his native place in childliood and, later, attended the Fort Atkinson high schools in the same county. He was graduated in a course of study there and in 1865 commenced to read medicine with his father. Dr. Joseph Winslow, a practicing physician at that date at Fort Atkinson. After completing a course un- der the direction of his father, he entered Rush Medical College and received the diploma of that famed institution in 1868. He afterwords matriculated at Hahnemann College, where he completed a course in 1869 and went thence to New York where he was graduated from Belle- vue Hospital Medical College in 1871. He estab- lished lus business at Fort Atkinson immediately after obtaining theauthority of Rush College,and was located there until the fall of 1873, when he settled at Appleton and entered under his prac- tice as a physician. He has attained a promi- nent position in his business and in the confi- dence of the community as a social and politi- cal factor in her best interests. In 1882 he was elected Alderman for two years and received re- election in 1884 for the same period of time. In 1887 he was elected Mayor of Appleton and was re-elected in 1888. He is a member of the present State Democratic Committee. (1888.) Dr. Winslow is a lineal descendant of Kenelm Winslow, a native of Worcestershire, England, who came to Massachusetts in 1629 and was prominent in municipal affairs and was the owner of land still in the possession of a de- scendant. He was a brother of Governor Ed- ward Winslow, a man whose gentle and placa- tive character gave him an influence with the Indians that was of great value to the colonists. His son Kenelra, seventh from Dr. Winslow, was also a landholder in the Bay State. Samuel was the sixth in degree of the line, which is complete with the names successively of Thomas, also prominent in Massachusetts ar- chives, Samuel, who went to Vermont, Dr. Joseph, and another Dr. Joseph, who was the grandfather of Dr. Winslow. He was born .July 22, 1778, in Petersham, Mass., and mar- ried Rebecca Fish of Barnard, Vermont. He died Oct. 20, 1815, at Vincennes, Ind. His son Joseph was the father of Dr. Winslow of this sketch. Dr. Joseph Winslow was born Feb. 25, 1810, in Windsor, Vt., and married Sarah Bingham Aug. 20, 1840. She died May 9, 1846, and her husband was again mar- ried Oct. 9, 1860, to Matilda Betsey Rice. He was prominent in position and influence and represented Wisconsin in the Legislature. The only living child by his first marriage is Dr. Winslow of Appleton, who was married Nov. 25, 1878, to Minnie Isabel, daughter of Benjamin Talbot Rogers. Her father was born Dec. 11, 1827, in Chester Co., Pennsylvania, and was the son of William and Ann (Talbot) Rogers, the former a sea captain. Sarah Louise Jolmson, the mother of Mrs. Winslow, was born Feb. 11, 1838, and was a daughter of Lathrop and Sophia (Sage) JohnsoiK The father of the latter, Ebenezer .Johnson, was a naval officer during the Revolution. The children of Dr. and Mrs. Wiirslow are named Margaret and Kenelra. LjiaiaiaiaiaBia!3eit2IE]laIBii!QDaQBBE]BUUUCeb.iti!EiaBGIEICieiGlQBGiaDEIE]BBi3Ba:iaai I GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. I ptiaBaQiaiaQiaBBBaBBBBiuiiatiiaaQEiiai^-i^DaiaaBiLiaiaiaiaaBiaiaiaQiaiaiaayciiauiiiiul m? *->t>-*^»t^«^^i«5<^ <5«f-* I HE order of the Grand Army of the RepubHc was, in the beginning, the di- "^ rect outgrowth of ex- change of reminiscences and sentiments of the veterans of the Civil War, in their chance meetings. There were a mil- lion of men scattered through out the length and breadth of the land who had a common bond of unit}' — their memories of hour of trial, danger and triumph. It is a conceded fact that the initiatory steps to constitute the Order were taken in Illinois. The name of Dr. B. F. Stephenison, Surgeon of the 14th Illinois Infantry, is the first connected with the systematic organization of the Grand Army of the Republic. In the winter of 1865- 66 he discussed with comrades at Springfield, Ills., the feasibility and propriety of an organi- zation of veteran soldiers. In the mass of data from which this account is compiled the state- ments regarding its purpose conflict. One ac- count explicitly states tiiat its object was politi- cal and another declares with equal decision that the plan included no such possibility. But the settlement of the point in no man- ner concerns this narration. At this writ- ing, 1888, only one survivor of the original framers of the ritualistic work of the Order remains. At tiie National Encampment at St. Louis, in June, 1887, Fred J. Dean, of Fort Scott, Ark., stated that he was the oldest living member of the G. A. R. " In February, 1866, myself, together with Drs. Hamilton and George H. Allen, assisted Dr. Benjamin F. Stephenson, the founder of the Order, in compihng the ritualistic work, con- stitution and by-laws, in Springfield, III., and these four assumed the obligations of the G. A. R. at that time. lam the sole survivor of that quartette." According to the decision of Dr. Steplienson and his co-adjutors, the organization was to be secret and it was arranged that signs, passwords and grips should be used as is customary' in se- cret societies. Those present look an oath of secrecy and a ritual was prepared, which in- cluded acereraony of initiation. The further- ance of the new organization was next discussed and the feasibility of organizing Posts througliout the State decided upon. Such a procedure necessitated the preparation of a multiplicity of copies of the ritual; and it was ascertained that the office of the De- catur, 111., Tribune was equipped with eligible men who could be made members, and, under their oath, the required copies could be made, without endangering the privacy which bad 766 GRAND ARMY been made a feature of the organization. Messrs. Coltrin and I'ryor, proprietors of tiic Decatur Tribune and their compositors were made members; and four luuuh'ed oopiesof the ritual were printed and made leady for uh. !*'. Stcjdienson. R. M. Woods, Adjutant General." Posts nuiltiplied and, not long after the pro- mulgation of the aiiovi! docaiment, Dr. Stephen- son issued the call for a meeting of delegates from the various Posts in Illinois to meet at, Springfield, July 12, 1866. At this as.senihly the Department of Illinois was created and John M. Palmer made Dej)artment Com- mander. Soon after, Posts were organized in other States, all acknowdedging Dr. Stephenson as head and front of the Order. The organiza- tion continued to spread; and in the fall of the same year, Dr. Stephenson issued the following : — " Headquarters, Grand Army of the Rei)uhlic, Springfield, III., Oct. 31, 1866, Gi^neral Order No. 13. A National Convention of the (h'iUid Army of the Republic is hereby ordered to convene at Indianapolis, Ind., at 10 o'clock on Tuesday, the '20th day of November next for the i)urpose of per- fecting the National organization, ans badges, etc. Official: J. C. Webber, Adjt. Gen. Depf. Illinois. 13. F. Ste- jihen.son, Com-in-chief, G. A. R. U. S. " Pursuant to the call, eleven States sent- about 'J')!) dolegates to the convention and two days weri' passed in transacting business relative to th(^ systematic organization of the National body. Stephen A. Ilurlburt, of Illinois, was elected first ('ommander-in-Cliief to serve one y(!ar. Dr. Stephenson was made Adjutant- General. A Platform of Principles was adopted which may be found in the various publica- tions of the Order. The second National Encampment was held at Philadelphia, Jan. 15, 1868, and 21 States sent repre- sentiitives. General Logan was elected Com- OF THE REPUBLIC. 767 mander-in-Chief ami Memorial Day was estab- lished. May 13th and 14tli, 1869, a third En- campment was held at Cincinnati, Ohio, and General Logan was re-elected. It had become evident from the reports from the various Posts that some fixtality was at work in the Order and it was revealed in discnssion, that the idea that the organization was regarded as political prevailed, and as such, it might be- come a dangerous piece of machinery in the body politic. The Order was, in consequence regarded with disfavor by the public, who re- fused to countenance it. Reorganization re- sulted and an Article was introduced into the Constitution, which forbade the use of the Order for political ends and also the discussion of political topics in the meetings. At this Encampment the three grades of Recruit, Sol- dier and Veteran were established and a set of rules adopted for the government of the Order, which stated the objects for wliii^h the G. A. R. was designed and also fixed the (lualifications of membership. Soldiers and sailors who were in the service between April 12, 18(51, and Aug. 20, 1866, who had received honorable discharge from the U. S. service in the war of the rebel- lion, were eligible and the .same rule declared the entire ineligibility of all who had borne arms against the United States. The growth and popularity of the Order have had no inter- "ruption since, and at this writing, in 1888, the Order numbers nearly 400,000 menil)ers. At the fourth encampiient held at Washing- ton, D. C, May 11th and 12th, 1870, at which General Logan was again re-elected the badge of the Order was adopted, of which a cut ap- pears on page 142. Every design thereon rep- resents loyalty to. the Flag of the Union. At the fifth encampment, the grade system was abolished and all were admitted to full mem- bership. At the 14th Encampment, Comman- der Earnshaw established the precedent of one term of office, which has since been observed. At the close of 1888, the Order is in a flourish- ing condition. New Posts are being organized in every State and old ones are being resusci- tated. As the veterans " fall out," succumbing to a foe that has never been vanquished, others make liaste to close up the ranks, and the mem- bers .seem drawn closer and closer together as the years move on. The National Encamp- ment, each succeeding year, is received in the places where it is held, with growing enthu- siasm and interest, and the assemblages are proving potent factors in keeping alive the loyalty of tlie people to the purpose of the war fealty to the old flag. The purpose of the Order and the work car- ried on under its auspices is outlined as fol- lows : — 1. Fraternity : — To preserve and strengthen those kind and fraternal feelings which l^ind together the soldiers, sailors and marines, who united to suppress the late rebel- lion, and to perpetuate the memory and history of the dead. — 2. Charity : — To assist such for- mer comrades in arms, as need help and pro- tection, and to extend needful aid to the widows and orphans of those who have fallen. — .3. Loyalty : — To maintain allegiance to the United States of America, based on a para- mount respect for and fidelity to, its Constitu- tion and Laws, to discountenance whatever tends to weaken loyalty, incites insurrection, treason or rebellion, or in any manner impairs the efficiency and permanency of our free insti- tutions; and to encourage the spread of uni- versal liberty, equal rights and justice to all men. Following is a statement of the series of National Encampments, with dates, localities and successive Commanders to 1888. 1866. Nov. 20.— Springfield, III.— Stephen A. Hurlburt, Illinois. 768 GRAND ARMY 1868. Jan 15.— Philadelpliia, Pa.— John A. Logan, Illinois. 1869. May 12.— Cincinnati, Ohio.— John A. Logan, Illinois. 1870. May 1 1.— Washington, D. C— John A. Logan, Illinois. 1871. May 10. — Boston, Mass. — Ambrose E. Burnside, Rhode Island. 1872. May 8. — Cleveland, Ohio. — Ambrose E. Burnside, Rhode Island. 1873. May 14. — New Haven, Conn. — Charles A. Devens, Boston, Mass. 1874. May 13. — Harrisburg, Pa. — Charles A. Devens, Boston, Mass. 1875. Mayl2.— Chicago, 111.— John F. Har- tranft, Philadelphia, Pa. 1876. June 30. — Philadelphia, Pa.— John F. Hartranft, Philadelpliia, Pa. 1877. June 26.— Providence, R. I.— John C. Robinson, Binghampton, N. Y. 1878. June 4. — Springfield, Mass. — John C. Robinson, Binghampton, N. Y. 1879. June 17.— Albany, N. Y.— William Earnshaw, Ohio. 1880. June. — Dayton, Ohio. — Louis Wag- ner, Philadelphia, Pa. 1881. June 15. — Indianapolis, Ind. — George S. Merrill, Lawrence, Mass. 1882. June 2] .—Baltimore, Md.— Paul Van Der Voort, Omaha, Neb. 1883. July 25.— Denver, Col.— Robert B. Beath, Philadelphia, Pa. 1884. July 23.— Minneapolis, Minn.— .John S. Kountz, Toledo, Ohio. 1885. June 24.— Portland, Me.— S. S. Bur- dette, Washington, D. C. 1886. Aug. 3.— San Francisco, Cal.— Lucius Fairchild, Madison, Wis. 1887. Sept. 28. -St. Louis, Mo.— John P. Rea, MinneapoliiB, Minn. 1888. Sept. 12.— Columbus, Ohio.— William Warner, Kansas City, Mo. ♦-J»'^»-S>t^>^^<^*^^<^»<^ DEPARTMENT OF WISCONSIN. The organization of the Department of Wis- consin prior to 1883 is not a matter of record to any available extent. Annual meetings oc- curred in various places and the Order was kept alive from the date of the first Post organized at Madison, which is still in existence and which is the oldest in the United States. The charter of Post Cussius Fairchild, No. 1, was dated June 10, 1800, and remained under that style until 1883, when a petition was made to the Department to cliange it to Post C. C. Washburn, whicli was granted and the num- ber was changed to 11. The first Commander of Post Fairchild was Comrade James Bennett. The organization of Posts in the State was slow. Previous to 1880 only eight had been duly formed. The old Phil Sheridan Post, No. 3, of Milwaukee, whose original charter was dated June 9, 1875, made a surrender in 1880 and reorganized as E. B. Wolcott Post No. 1 ; Abraham Lincoln Post of Darien, was char- ed Aug. 16, 1879; Geo. H. Thomas Post of Delavan was chartered Nov. 28, 1879. The roster of the Department issued in tlie current year, 1888, records the date of the Robert Chivas Post No. 2, of Milwaukee, as June 9, 1875. No data exist regarding the Posts at Berlin and Omro and those of Post No. 10, at Oshkosh were burned in the devastating fire which swept that city. OF THE REPUBLIC. 769 From 1880 to 1882 the interest became more general and in the included two years, the growth of the Order was perceptible. New life was infused into the Posts which were languishing, and new ones sprang into being. Several which had become almost wholly dor- mant were reorganized and the giant growth which has become something surprising in more than one sense, begun. In the roster of 1888, 243 Posts are reported, with a membership of nearly 11,000 at date of the annual Encampment at Milwaukee, in Feb- ruary, 1888. It is impossible to obtain, at this writing, the actual membership, but it is cer- tain that it has reached a much larger total than mentioned. The following table, compiled from the most available data obtainable, shows the growth of the G. A. R. in the Wisconsin Department from 1881 : Year. No. of Posts. Membership. 1881 850 1882 858 1883 59 2,486 1884 132 5,979 1885 190 9,165 1886 215 11,060 1887 228 10,027 1888 246 10,973 Following is a tabulated statement of the Wisconsin Department Encampments and Com- manders elected. 1866. June 7 J. K. Proudfit. 1867. -June 19 H. A. Starr. 1808. Jan. 8 J. M. Rusk. 1869. Jan. 27 T. S. Allen. 1870. Jan. 27 T. S. Allen. 1871. Jan. 11 Edward Ferguson. 1872. Jan. 17 Edward Ferguson. 1873 A. J. McCoy. 1874. Jan. 8 G. A. Hannaford. 1875 G. A. Hannaford. 1876. Jan. 12 John Hancock. 1877. Jan. 25 H. G. Rogers. 1878 .S. F. Hammond. G. J. Thomas. 1882 H. M. Enos. 1883. Jan. 23 PhiHp Cheek, Jr. 1884. Jan. 23 James Davidson. 1885. Jan. 22 Lucius Fairciiild. 1886. Feb. 3 M. Griffin. 1887. Feb. 15 H. Fischer. 1888. Feb. 15 A. G. Weissert. No data could be obtained of the Department in 1879-80-81. - .^»t> »^>^>^>^<5<^itf5«f- ROSTER OF POSTS REPRESENTED IN THIS VOLUME. OsKOSH, No. 10.— Oshkosh.— Date of charter lost. Com. E. C. Owens, Adj. L. G. Crawford. Members: Clark Allen, Walter Allen, W. C. Allen, W. C. Armstrong, G. W. Burnell, A. M. Brainerd, S. A. Bowe, H. L. Bedient, H. L. Bacon, D. C. Bishop, Peter Boswine, G. Brook- ins; H. S. Boyington, J. J. Bray, W. H. Baker, E. E. Bemis, A. W. Ballard, J. A. Bryant, Thomas Blauchfield, C. D. Cleveland, 0. F. Chase, E. F. Cleveland, L. G. Crawford, D. L. Cornish, M. Campbell, G. S. Clemens, E. C. Corthiaen, H. M. Hall, Anthony Collins, R. E. Daniels, E. D. Davies, P. DeCramer, Austin Doughty, Joe DeCramer, Wm J, Dean, A. G. Dinsmore, H. Eggleston, F. W. Follett, T. D. Fairchild, D. Fetridge, Jas. A. Farr, D. G. Free- 770 GRAND ARMY man, Perry Glines, Geo. Holland, R. W. Har- ris, Chas. Hasse, John Hancock, Sara Havener, L. P. Hammond, Herman Hitz, J. G. Halsey, F. A. Hayward, S. Holiister, J. W. Hutcli- inson, Morris Jones, A. Jones, Julius Rusche, Robert Kellet, S. Roeler, Pat- rick Lannon, E. Lindsey, H. Luscomb, E. A. Lewis, W. T. Larish, C. 0. Lewis, W. W. Lake, C. W. Lambert, O. McCorrison, Chas. McCoy, Jas. Moan, Chas. Mayer, Fred. Mayer, F. W. Mase, David McMellan, J. C. Noyes, John Nelson, S. B. Nelson, Ole Oleson, Ed. E. Owen, R. F. Pooler, .John Pettee, S. T. Pitcher, L. R. Pettengill, W. H. Batton, Wm. Pierce, Jas. Pot- ter, Wm. Powers, Fred. Peeper, H. Quacken- busli, T. P. Russell, Robert Redford, Philip Rose, John P. Roe, W. H. Rogers, .James Reynolds, John W. Rowe, E. M. Rodgers, Thos. Rees, Andrew Ripple, E. J. Rickard, A. B, Stearns, F. D. Sanborn, St. F. Staley, H. Stroud, P. H. Soper, Wm. Stalkey, W. 0. Stevens, E. P. Stevens, Ben Smith, T. J. Sutton, D. W. Snell, R. A. Servis, Timothy Swan, Hugo Schottky, Leroy Tarr, L. F. Tliompson, Albert Turk, Ed. Vredenburg, H. Van Valkenburg, H. S. Wood, J. G. Warren, John Ward, L. Washburne, P. Wadkins, C. L. Wood, Mart. Wolverton, J. E. Williamson, 0. Weatherby, R. F. Yost, W. J. Young. Amherst, No. IG. — Capt. L Eckles. Date of charter, April 18, 1880. Com., F. Phillips. Adjt., A. J. Smith. Members: — J. N. Webster, A. J. Smith, Benj. Fleming, Edgar Starks, Hugh Evans, Edson D. York, A. H. Guernsey, Isaac Limcock, Jesse Lee, A. P. Anderson, Franklin Phillips, Daniel Hillstrom, D. A. Bar- ton, Edwin Hathaway, Casper Smith, Jerome Nelson, John Van Scriber, Wesley Mason, Leonard Mason, Albert A. Jeffers, Herman H. Hoffman, Edwin Turner, M. A. Danforth, Lyman Stirling, Chester H. Dwynell, Orson Fancher, Rolla Morrison, Nels Nelson, Geo. H. Worden, Richard R. Fryar, Albert Rendeger, Wm. H. Worden, Joehan Nelson, Louis Loui- son, Alonzo P. Carey, Andrew Peterson, Wm. Bobba, 0. 0. Snyder, Adam Ebert, John Palu- britzki, August Adler, John F. Carleton, Gard- ner Nelson, Nels Oleson, Christian Evansen, S. Brimhall. Manitowoc, No. 18.— H. M. Walker. Date of charter, Apr. 28, 1881. Com. E. S. Redell, Adj. J. F. Reardon. Members: — J. S. Ander- son, J. F. Reardon, W. L Beasant, H. C. Buhse, Frank Stern, H. Liebenen, John Cone, John Mill, W. H. Noble, James Noble, F. C. F. C. Buerstatte, August Gehbe, Chas. White, E. C. Hollenbeck, Carl A. Schaefer, Bryan Ma- son, .John A. Liebert, Geo. F. Barker, H. Greene, E. Darsler, G. Edwards, G. G. Sedgwick, Henry Schmidt, Henry Strauch, Joseph Steible, A. F. Dumke,FredBicker,Wm.Kuck,JohnOrding,J.E. Stirling, Chas. Wilson, Conrad Osterman, Fred Ostenfeldt, A. Dueno, Alonzo C. Pierce, Adolph Hudson, Emery Chase, Peter Swensin, E. S. Bedell, Esrom Knapp, John Norris, Chas. Gus- taveson, Henry Schweitzer, Damet Bu- bolz, A. Wittman, John Scliramm, Knute Prcstrude, Val Vaullier, C. E. Estabrook, H. Henscher, J. L. Miller, Robert Other- sail, Michael H. Eagan, Chas Stebke, Gustav Bloquell, A. Grosstueck, H. A. Aldrich, John Gilbert, Jacob A. Williams, Fred Zeddies, Carl Bull, Alex Jekefalusy, Leonard Benkel- mann, Frank Steiner, Jacob Krueger, Henry Beherns, Richard K. Paine, Willard Rickaby, Edwin R. Smith, Peter Hoffmann, Richard Maguire, J. 0. Tyler, Robert Lee, Frank Grun, Matthias Ewen, Clnis. E. Spindler, George Pow- ell, Thomas Cross, Fred Bruemer, John Sachse, Bernhardt Rhode, W^m. H. Hogan, Clifford King, Chas. Heingarten, Salve Ossofson, John E. Zimmer, August Meinhardt, August Meyer, Wenzel Sweikar, Jacob Schultz, Patrick Kealley, Ole K. Vgen, Edwin Junl, A. J. Patchen, Chas. OF THE REPUBLIC. 771 Fransway, Wm. Commerce, Joseph Wilda, Simon Hyneck, Otis Smith, Ray Flint, James Cross, Reinhardt Bauer, Micliael Kleman, Tufts, Cootway, Edward Schindler, Hughen Riley, Ole C. Oleson, J. P. Stumpges, Louis Olp, Peter T. Stoker, John W. Doolan, August Wilkossky, Q. A. Danforth, Henry Scherer, Carl Fricke. Waupaca, Post No. 2L— J. A. Garfield. Date of cliarter, Oct. 20, ISMO. Com., J. \V. Evans. Adjt., A. J. Van. Epps. Members : — D. L. Man- chester, J. H. Woodnorth, A. B. Cormican, P. A. Ham, W. Chady, G. M. Chamberlain, Wm. Cartright, F. D. Randall, W. S. Bemis, A. P. Buck, H. Ludington, O. H. Rowe, Gilbert Gil- son, A. J. Van Epps, Geo. Allen, J. A. Baxter, 0. M. Buck, C. C. Caldwell, D. L. Kean, G. J. Van Ness, C. Holman, M. L. White, J. 0. Scott, R. J. Woolsey, Robert Emerson, T. L. Jeffers, H. Beulick, J. W. Evans, A. Dildiue, I). Mar- shall, E. Pomeroy, R. Tuttle, John E. Cartright, C. Parker, Geo. W. Lunt, S. Miller, A. F. Ben- nett, R. A. Horton, J. B. Perkins, W. H. Kainy, S. Fitzgerald, W. D. B. McLityre, Warren Shin- gler, W. W. Wells, A. L. Bailey, Peter Oleson, J. H. Smith, Wm. Ward, A. J. Holly, J. F. Stanfield, N. Jorgenson, G. Brunson, Geo. How- lett, Albert A. Stow, K. T. Chandler, S. S. Chand- ler, C. A. Spencer, R. N. Robert, J. H. Jones, M. Buchanan, Hugh Hughes, W. F.Weisenborn, E. S. Donaldson, C. S. Devoin, E. E. Constance, S. F. Wilcox, J. Minton, 0. Bills, W. D. Barber, J. Conroy, J. Swan, Wm. Kemp, J. H. Case, C. S. Safford, W. J. Miner, T. Rich, James Han- son, James Minton, W. Phen, S. R. Sherwin, S. Dox, C. E. W. Felch, T. Court. Grand Rapids, No. 22.— Wood County. Com. B. F. Worthington, Adj. W. H. Getts. Soldiers :— A. M. Atwood, W. H. Brown, Ben- jamin Buck, F. Beadle, Jas. Bagnell, Thos. Burr, R. P. Bronson, F. W. Burt, Wm. Bell, C. W. Briggs, D. Baily, M. D. L. Buck, G. W. Baker, H. H. Balcom, Jos. L. Cotey, D. E. Carey, C. J. Carnal), II. W. Compton, P. Desaint, D. D. Demarais, W. P. Davis, H. Edwards, C. C. Ed- son, Owen Gray, G. R. Gardner, W. E. Keys, L. Kromer, E. A. Keyes, D. P. Kameron, A. J. Landon, H. W. Lord, M. H. Lynn, J. P. Miller, J. Margeson, J. McCann, M. J. McRaitli, E. Ma- honey, J. H. Money, H. Gsteraan, Sam'l Par- ker, H. Pellosell, M. T. Pratt, B. F. Runyan, W. Sparks, E. Sparks, C. Sternbrook, K. Sals- bury, E. C. Swath, A. Turnbull, E. Ticknor, E. Tewant, H. Treadwell, R. Voight, C. Webb, C. S. Warren, Silas Ward. Centralia. — Louis Bouett, Samuel Boles, A. B. Breasted, C. A. Binder, A. J. Basset, A. G. Carey, J. W. Cochran, W. H. Cochran, A. H. Colcord, T. J. Cooper, C. L. Duncan, Elias Eric- son, W. H. Getts, J. D. Gibson, W. E. Gardner, F. B. Hollins, John Havinor, P. Hollinshead, G. J. Jackson, Henry Lambert, Frank Lavigne, Wm. Mullenback, S. C. Moore, Silas A. Payne, .John Phil, Frank Palmatier, Frank Refine, Charles Stoll, Patrick Smith, U. C. St. Amour, Leonard Smith., B. Worthington, Louis Ziemen. (This includes the names of all soldiers and sailors in Grand Rapids and Centralia.) Stockbridge, No. 40. — B. J. Sweet. Date of charter, Oct. (>, 1882. Com., J. W. Baldock, Adjt., Geo. S. Prentiss. Members: Geo. W. Howe, Henry 0. Dudley, Ozias C. Smith, Fred- erick Pringel, Christian Heller, Warren Holt, Geo. A. .Johnson, Royal O. Bigford, James Greeley, Michael .Nlayer, Phineas Drake, John M. Merrill, Wm. L. Eastman, D. A. Knicker- backer, J. A. Howie, Charles Hatch, J. M. John- son, Peter Higgins, C. P. Skidniore, Isaac Otis, Stephen C. Barber, Joel Robinson, 0. R. Norris, John Denny, G. F. Martin, Chas. Bloom, G. B. Pullman, Joel T. Brewster, Henry Muskat, J. H. Haight, W. B. Rii)ley, John Leach, C. W. Dick, Alfred Morgan, L. H. Wattie, S. La Prairie, Joseph Bergemeyer, Henry S. Eldridge, 772 GRAND ARMY Lyinau Fowler, 0. B. Lincoln, J. W. Baldock, Robert Jackson, Thomas Winter, Henry K. Scott, Geo. S. Prentiss, C.W.Thurston, Solomon Niles, Wm. Dignan, E. M. Dick, A. H. Ham- mer, Joseph Cogsgrove, Elias Shelley, Leonard Murdock, Orville A. Hart, Geo. Baldwin, S. Brushel, A. Vogt, F. Gerhart, Patrick Price, B. L. Fuller, Murray Charles, Michael Gebner, Frank Ritzke, Martin L. Jenkins, Oscar John- son, Hiram W. Cliapin, Patrick Keating, Jack Coyhis, Henry Maxey, Elijah Schorner. Mayvillk, No. 43. — Raymond. Date of charter. Sept. 2, 1882. Com., C. R. Hender- son. Adj., John A. Barney. Members: — G.J. Ceake, John Wilde, C. Rasson, J. Zimmerman, A. Klunner, Mike Lehner, Matt Huartle, John A. Barney, Valentine Schwartz, Wm. Bomgree- ber, C. R. Henderson, August Dane, C. Hewett, J. Crapfull, A. Rost, Chas. Griget, L. Lehun, H. J. Snyder, J. Aultmann, P. B. Lamareux, G.J. Clark, Chas. Russell, Chas. Heckert, H. C. Law- rence, E. Barnett, F. Steer, W. A. Miles, M. K. Lehun, J. H. Tidgman. New London, No. 46. — Henry Turner. Date of charter. 1882. Com., J. C. Jacobs. Adjt., R. H. Schult. Members:— J. Buboltz, S. B. Bointon, John Briar, D. Bonnin, G. W. Cornish, Jas. Cornell, Adrian Cornish, A. T. Davis, J. Davis, E. Dawsen, A. Finger, E. Gross, R. Grin- nell, G. Hutchinson, B. Hazer, A. Jubert, C. Koiiperness, J. C. Kroll, J. D. Kleiner, W. Kroll, C. Kisselbach, T. Logan, H. Lion, C. Miley, A. P. Mosher, S. I). Mead, C. Morse, N. Malosso, H. Markey, Wm. Maas, J. Morgan, J. Patterson, E. Slaughter, F. Rappold, A. Tray- ser, L. Narrows, M. B. Patchen, M. Ostermeier, B. S. Shipley, G. Seymour, T. J. Turney, I. Petre, J. W. Pace, P. Raun, P. Stimson, F. Stichman, J. W. Turner, S. D. Woodard, J. W. Dean, Robt. Hutchinson, F. Jacobus, W. Page, Chas. Hellen, Jabez Whelden, A. Piatt, Robt. Schultz, J. H. Griffith, A. P. Ritter, John Tur- ner, John Nickle, Wm. Walker. Wausau, No. 55. — Lysander Cutler. Date of charter, Dec. 5, 1882. Com., Robert .Johnson. Adjt., W. B. Philbrick. Members:— J. P. Briggs, Peter Berg, Chas Birwald, M. H. Bar- num, S. Durkee, James Kitchen, J. D. Wormer, E. B. Crofoot, Wm. Ciemence, Thos. Clark, W. W. De Voe, Wm. Dodge, Robert Johnson, C. F. Eldred, Levi Fleming, Rev. Thos. Green, Rev. G. S. Martin, J. F. Collyer, Ed Fitzpatrick, A. T. Koch, Carl MuUer, W. B. Philbrick, Alonzo Priest, Jonathan Pierce, Geo. M. Pier, A. Rol- lenhager, H. J. Steady, C. Wiskow, Gus Bartz, B. T. Single, H. L. Wheeler, Wm. Morgan, John D. Miller, R. Schilling, Joel Quimby, G. Belling, N. W. Whitmg, J. B. Vaughn, Benj. S. Miller, S. Kerstein, J. L Perry, John Hammond, J. C. Smith, H. M. Taylor, S. P. Ireland, Theo. Goeres, C. P. Dapp, C. Fenhaus, Fred Ashbury, S. M. Quan, E. M. Kanouse, J. F. Booth, W. J. S. Sinpy, Chas. Ingersoll, S. S. Armstrong, Geo. P. Taplin, J. A. Jones, Geo. W. Raey, H. S. Gulick, M. A. Leahy, Joseph Susor, B. S. Philbrick, Rev. B. F. Rogers. MoNTELLO, No. 64.— W. D. Walker. Date of charter, Feb. 27, 1883. Com., John Lewis. Adjt., J. H.Valentine. Members : — .Jason Dan- iels, John O'Donnell, D. K. Devaney, M. G. Ellison, John Lewis, Geo. B. Kipp, F. A. Ilotch- kiss, Ezra Leonard, J. H. Valentine, W. M. Smith, E. Copper, F. H. Couse, Wm. Hartwig, Patrick Croarken, Sim Eastman, Raljih Fox, Stephen R. Fox, C. B. Ayers, Felix McPhilipps, Ernest Koehning, J. A. Howe, A. Wilkins, James Kelley, W. F. Roskie, Gordon Reynolds, Peter Winchell, W. A. McDonald, Wm. R. Hyde, John W. Davis, M. M. Mclntyre, Alexander Hamilton, Robert Kinzel, Leonard Dibble, .Jos. A. Hayes, Geo. Chatfee, Samuel Farrington, Ernest Schultz, Dougal McDougal, Samuel OF THE REPUBLIC. 773 Boon, Edward Dibble, Joliu Hazlip, Jerome B. Brewster. Westfield, No. 65. — T. B. Crawford. Date of charter, Feb. 28, 1883. Com., Simeon Pond, Adj., I. E. Skinner, Members: J. B. Crawford, John Crawford, S. D. Forbes, A. Z. Fuller, Geo. Heduck, D. Hammond, H. Jacobs, H. Klinger, C. E. King, Wm. Shatze, C. Solilegel, J. L. Waldo, S. T. Walsh, H. S. Ball, Joel Weeks, Geo. Waldo, W. P. Fuller, S. Vaughan, F. Meinke, Wm. Dey, E. Sike, C. Frink, S. Pond, W. McGill, A. Carpenter, J. Skinner, R. D. Mallory, L. E. Pond. PiTTSviLLE, No. 73. — James S. Alban. Date of charter. Com., Wm. Downing, Adj., M. F. Hubbard. Members :-B. B. Tar- box, J. W. Vaughn, J. Scorous, Orren Gray, E. Smart, John J. Elliott, M. F. Hubbard, E. S. Vaughn, A. C. Dowd, C. H. Finley, J. W. Knapp, Elmer Eighme, H. M. Montgomery, A. Collier, Loran Shumway; John Merritt, Henry C. Allen, Chas. Galloway, Jas. Robinson, Daniel Kennedy, R A. Krueger, H. N. Robinson, David St. German. Oconto, No. 74. — E. W. Ramsay. Date of charter Com. J. A. Don Levy. Adj. S. W. Bird. Members:— Lewis T. Bailey, James A. Glynn, D. P. Moriarty, E. F. Paramore, Andrew McFadden, Henry Clark, Carl Bentz, Joe Williams, John Follett, W. J. Classon, H. E. Haines, E. Pulford, Henry Sheften, VV. H. Young, C. H. Forestal, R. W. Hubbel, James A. Don Levy, .Joseph Lawe, Antone La Count, Timothy Tliomas, Orson Nickejson, Wm.Luck, Hannibal Tibbett, Peter I^nhardt, Thomas Tourtelotte, Daniel O'Keefe, Paul Prickett, Fred Beyer, Henry Lenlfehr, Josepii Morris, Sam'l Lynes, M. A. Eggleston, Andrew- Ennis, An- tone Guimmer, S. W. Bird, Homer Don Levy, Frank Ruell, Andrew .Jackson, Peter Jacques, Geo. A. Baldwin, Ale.x McGloughlin, Edwin Aldrich, Frank Leneville, Alexander Daupenet, Christopher Farrel, Peter Jessey, Alfred De- beck, Michael Sutton, Robt. A. Spice, J. V. Har- rimann. Antigo, No. 78.— J. A. Kellogg. Date of charter. May 15, 1883. Com., W. H. Blinn. Adjt., S. W. Chamberlain. Members: — Henry Smith, J. B. Beemer, B. F. Dorr, E. Daskam, S. W. Chamberlain, W. H. Blinn, James Kennedy, F. E. Alien, J. A. SpencT, A. 0. D. Keliey, Stephen Scott, Gaul Wood, George Costley, John F. Sacks, A. D. Rice, John W. Goodwin, Peter Hilger, J. N. Keifer, John R. Leykom, Theo. Groves, August C. Ludkey, W. D. Badger, Daniel Sweeney, F. A. Deleglise, L. Zahn, J. A. Keith, Gates Saxton, Ed. Boyle, Mority Muller, Thos. McDonald, H. 0. Beard, E. D. Stewart, Chas. Ferguson, C. H. Steele, Lloyd Breck, C. O'Neil, A. Kiing, H. A. Mills, W. Laing, W. J. Hagan, John H. Reader, Henry Rust, R. J. Hitchcock, D. Fowler, C. G. Burdick, Z. Ham- mond, Geo. Fell], David Dix, C. M. Beatie, John Newberry, Ira Lake, W. W. Wheeler, George .Jones, .Jerry Phelps, H. C. Shipley, .John Dixon, August Schoepke, Wm. Stacey, W. B. Brainard, F. M. Slierman. Shawano, No. 81. — Wm. Hawley. Date of charter Com., H. Bauerfeind, Adjt. C. H. Newton. Members: J. M. Scliweers, C. R. Klebesadil, August Koeppen, Chris. Hill, W. H. Murdock, J. M. Robinson, J. I). Magee, Antone Zerwas, C. H. Newton, B. B. Hunting- ton, Fred. Schweers, Fred. Eberlein, H. J. Wal- lar, W. E. Wescott, N. C. Bruce, Wm. Sciiultz, Chas. Kiliani, J. G. Perkins, John Sears, Samuel Howard, C. G. Schmidt, Chris. Wheeler, Fred'k Mivert, Nathan II. Lake, Clias. A. Culver, David G. Perry, Isaac J. Vosburgh, Simeon Gardner, Eiiwin Lane, 0. A. Risun, A. M. Post, Henry Bauerfeind, Joseph Piaset, Alfred Boyd, August Viliandre, \\'m. Kishkatahpieso, Au- gust Westphal, R. W. Meinhard, W. W. Hol- lister, T. H. Dodge, Chas. Howe, R. W. Jack- 774 GRAND ARMY soir, Daniel Davis, O. H. Huntley, Russell R. Smith, David Gorliam, John Darrow, E. J. Monroe, Michael Devlin, Henry Hayter, Chas. Rasch, William Wolf, John Klickman, James F. Chase, Elmore Lee, Abile Richmond, David Zindas, Abram Denney, John Mills, W. J. Mel- vin, H. Tourtillotte. DePere, No. 91. — Harrison. Date of charter June 18, 1883. Com. J. W. Johann, Adj. J. R. Hoagland. S. V., J. D. Tyler, J. V., Warren Cowing, Q. M., Geo. Moftatt, S. J., P. Weater, C, G. F. Stowe, 0. D., Richard Brighton, 0. G., Richard O'Brien, S. M., 8. Taylor, Q,. M. S., S. Mervton. (List of members not supplied; re- ported as numbering 53.) FoRESTViLLE, No. 97. — Will A. Nelson. Date of charter Com. John Fetzer, Adj. E. B. Rasey. Members: John Fetzer, Wm. Fagg, John B. Smith, Albert Tufts, Richard Perry, Matthew Perry, Wtn. Duwe, Julius Bernhardt, Joseph Machi, John Machi, Chas. R. Coffrin, Joel Ashby, Arnold Wagener, Eli Thompson, Fred Damann, James Wilson, Geo. Lanx, E. S. Minor, H. C. Graham, Edward Keogh, John Noyes, John Falk, Louis Schumacher, James Michael, A. D. Thorp, Ole Oleson, Wm. Jack- son, Philip Stich, J. C. Pinney, Manuel Cardy, P. M. Simons, Peter Dellenbach, Martin Ketz- dinger, E. L. Russell, Albert Wobser, Abe Erland, Louis Machi. Tola, No. 99. — lola. Date of charter, April 21, 1888. Com., Geo. Dale, Adj. B. F. An- drews. Members : Goodman Araandson, Ja- cob Wift", Nels Omit, B. F. Andrews, Peter A. Myher, Hans Howell, Turger Gilbertson, Hor- ace Cleaves, John 0. Wrolstad, Julius Engle- burtson, C. Wipf, Knut G. Bergen, Harrison Warren, H. P. Hatch, John Oleson, O. P. Wol- lum, Joseph Warbig, Chas. Johnson, C. Forbin- son, C. Jackson, George Dalet, Hans A. Myher, H. C. Anderson, Christian Thompson, Lars Jorgenson, Christian Fleck, Hans Anderson, Christian Torsen. Marshfield, No. 110. — Marshfield. Date of charter, Oct. 23,1883. Com., J. R. Baxter, Adj., L. F. Baxter. Members : C. W. Armstrong, J. W. Allen, Wm. Bartels, E. C. Bulhnen, J. R. Baxter, Warren Cady, J. C. Davis, A. L. Elliott, R. M. Franklin, John Felton, John Freidel, J. G. Gussett, C. C. GiHord, Ed. Goodwin, John Gregoire, Frank (iokey, 0. F. Harkness, H. G. Harrower, J. H. Hubbard, Barney Harkin, A. W. Jenkins, Chris Jacobi, Simeon Kayser, A. Kuntz, Fenton Nelson, H. W. Nelson, C. R. Olin, Z. B. Olin, E. G. Schmidt, Dan Sliehan, Geo. Seubert, W. H. Upham, Chas. Vogel, Sr., L. D. Wood, C. Zintenhafer. Waui'UN, No. 114. — Hans C. Heg. Date of charter, Oct. 16, 1883. Com., Jacob Fuss. Adjt., L. D. Hinkley. Members:— John G. Moore, W. H. Parsons, A. S. Clark, Wm. H. Ferris, J. C. Reynolds, M. B. Lucker, C. H. Lindsley, J. W. Oliver, Kd. Padgham, Henry Brooks, Maj. Geo. VV. Carter, Wm. L. Conant, L. D. Hinkley, W. S. Whiting, J. J. Roberts, Capt. L. B. Balcom, Clark Hewitt, R. L. Oliver, J. A. Middaugh, C. R. Brigham, C. Brink, S. R. Morhous, P. Carrington, J. G. Beardsley, W. S. Wilkes, Thos. L. McDonald, Friend Ostrom, J. La Rue, James Robbins, D. J. Ferguson, Barney Smith, Edwin Hillyer, W. A. Welch, 0. F. Baldwin, Whi. Boldt, B. B. Baldwin, Chas. M. Packard, W. W. Flagg, J. Heath, Ira F. Kiliner, Geo. Benway, H. Trowbridge, Robt. M. Cain, D. R. Amadou, J. J. liilbert, Samuel Atkins, J. W. Bartholomew, C. W. Page, C. L. Owens, Fred W. Ward, George Richardson, Ira Clement, R. H. Smith, L. E. Beardsley, Malone Nivison, Wm. Durand, W. M. Bouldray, Wal- lace Cole, ^\'m. L. Johnson, J. Cronk, Gilbert C. Wade, W. H. Wells, Albert L. Streeter, John H. Foster, Wm. McFate. Black Creek. No. 116, J. W. Appleton, OF THE REPUBLIC. 775 Date of charter, Oct. 25, 1883. Com ., T. .J. Bur- dick, Adj. A. G. Nickee. Members : Joseph Norgreen, Michael Stutzman, Cyrus Widger, Andrew Shauger, C. W. Hopkins, Ernest Leo Rietz, Geo. A. McKee, John Singer, T. J. Bur. dick, Geo. W. Stannard, Silas Pierce, Nielson Rice, E. Felino, .J. J. Curtiss, Frank Young, Henry Stutzman, Wm. Mangan, David House, Solomon Gardner, Stephen Rice. Beaver Dam, No. 117. — Geo. Hall. Date of charter, Oct. 29, 1883. Com., 0. F. Weaver, Adjt., M. L. .Johnson. Members : F. D. Owen, L. E. Hazen, F. S. .Johnson, .J. E. Lyon, W. H. Fard, A. M. Grant, Geo. L. Stultz, A. P. Baker, .John N. Snortz, John Daniels, H. W. Klas, John 0. Smith, Conrad Stultz, Christian Thiel, Jacob Bick, John Seward. Alex. McMullen, John Eagan, James Parker, H. W. Fairbanks, O. F. Weaver, Gustavus Hammer, Joseph Winebaum, H. L. Palmer, Thomas Higgins, M. G. Weeks, Horace Grover, J. H. Conlon, John Carroll, James Brazell, Eliziph Young, Abner Hamp- ton, Louis Frank, J. H. Puiieuf, P. Weber, A. B. Cole, Peter Brown, W. W. Allard, Wm. Gunn, Philip Staub, .Jolm Brown, Joseph Hamp- ton, S. W. Dugan, .James Powers, Timothy D. Skinner, 0. M. Davis, W. W. Finch, Henry Kimball, Abraham Antone, M. L. .Johnson, Conrad Petrey. Green Bay, No. 124.— T. 0. Howe. Date of charter, Dec. 29, 1883. Com. J. H. Leon- ard, Adj. Geo. C. Sager. Members :— Denis J. F. Murphy, Joseph Ruliens, A. How- land, B. F. Garlock, Leander Blair, John At- kinson, Alex Gillies, Chas. M. Daggett, J. P. Macy, James Sprague, J. H. Leonard, Clias. Enoch, E. A. Phillips, H. J. Huntington, Nich- olas Gill, Edward Leferbre, John B. Nellis, ("has. Pfotenhauer, W. T. Moger, B. C. Brett, O. L. Harder, .John M. Schoemaker, Ernst Nebel, Wm. Leeson, Alex Robson, Jesse F. ^\'right, John Beth, Joseph Beth, Albert Richards, Wm. Moore, Jos. Scheurer, C. D. Suydara, Peter Jones, D. Cooper Ayres, Jos. Lemieux, Levi Howland, J. H. Baker, Tlios. B. Catlin, F. X. Cliarbo- neau, Wales Perigone, jr., Julius Bauer, David Brunette, Frank Bebal, Amos A. Claflin, Louis Boltick, J. D. Norton, Peter Grogan, Geo. J. Beacii, Geo. B. Smith, Edwin Henderson, Robert Henderson, W. C. Cory, Niels Peter- son, D. I. Follett, Gottfriend AVagner, Alnert Wright, .Joseph Laurent, N. L. Colson, Augus- tine Babcock, Frank L. Lewis, Squire W. Peters, Rasmus Petersen, W. T. Butler, Ed- ward Lawler, E. K. Ansorge, H. C. Wheeler, James Dunlap, E. R. Smith, E. L. Kendall, John J. Tracey, \\'illard C. Bagley, Horace R. Thrall, Andrew J. Bretton, Joseph Langdo, Geo. C. Sager, John Le Rock, Ernst Meister, A. P. Sawyer, Wm. R. Enderby, Chas. W. Brott, Wm. Moran. Nernah, No 129. — H. J. Lewis. Date of charter, Jan. 18, 1884. Com. C. G. Sullivan, Adj. M. McAUum. (Post membership not re- ceived.) Fond du Lac, No. 130. — Edwin A. Brown. Date of charter. Jan 18, 1884. Com. M. Man- gan. Adj. G. D. StiUiton. Members: — W. Abbey, John Ames, Geo. Arheleger, J. 0. Ack- erman, E. R. Abbott, E.S. Bragg, N. Boardmun, Casi^er Buechneer, A. M. Bullock, A. Billing- ton, J. D. Buel, T. H. Baldwin, B. H. Bates, J. P. Bonesteel, Max Brugger, A. G. Bechaud, G. Burkbardt, .John Bell, J. W. Bessey, F. Beaud- reau, T. W. Bethel, C. C. Bergen, II. C. Buetow, W. 0. Butler, C. L. Button, Wm Berry, James Bowe, J. C. Brown, J. J. Barrett, B. G. Bartlett, S. D. Cole, Martin Curran, J. M. Crippin, Henry Chilcote, Elihu Coleman, \V. H. Carpenter, M. F. Carpenter, E. N. Colson, James Clark, Ed. Colman, D. Cliamberlain, A. Y. G)ffman, John Coin, S. H. Cole, John Corbett, Geo. Crosby, Chas. Carberry, D. F. Crandall, A. Demarrer, John Dougherty, E. F. Dodge, F. Delamatter 776 GRAND ARMY Ed. Delany, Jr., S. B. Dilley, C. H. DeGroat, .John Dolan, C. G. DeLand, G. W. Dillie, M. Eweu, Jolin Everling, C. F. Edgerton, .J. Etiniier, Wni Edwards, W. F. Edwards, Her- man Ecke, C. W. Everett, F. Fox, M. V. Fargo, A. F. Fleischer, .J. D. Frank, .James Fischer, Fred Fetter, H. Flannagan, .J. R Feldner, .Jos- eph Fallon, W. R. Foltz, Frank Goria, N. S. Gilson, VV^m. George, G. W. Hines, T. L. Hunt, R. Hubatzciieck, M. Hurlburt, Theodore Herrling, C. .]. Heliner, Peter Heltzel, Frank Hallows, Chas. Henkie, .J. C Horn, J. B. Hughes, .J. M. Hallock, .J. N. Hyde, A. Huelss- man, .James Homes, D. A. Henderson, A -Jones, Geo. M. Johnson, S. S. Johnson, J. R. Johnson, M. B. Jvillam, A. I-Cettler, R. W. Ivirby, Joseph Ivlock, John Luhn, M. L. Lesselyong, Wm. Long, E. H. Little, John Lang, H. B. Lange, Wm. Laughlin, James Lucas, M. Mangan, I. P. Misner, J. W. Meyers, W. H. Moore, Jas. McMa- lion, J. W. Marsh, S. L. Marston, A. W. Martin, J. S. McNair, 8. H. Munroe, Frank Marcoe, J. P. Millard, Frank Murray, L. Mandercheid, E. P. Mead, Nick Meyer, A. F. Maybee, M. Mclvenna, Jos. McCuUock, W. H. Meade, W. H. Mudgett, Philip Madden, Geo. A. Moore, W. P. Ottarson, J. Ordway, Rob't Plant, Loren, Pasco, Rob't Powrie, C. K^. Pier, David Pitcher, Geo. Pfluger, Geo. Perkins, J. B. Palmer, G. S. Rock, Felix Rogers, W. A. Reader, I. J. Reinhart, C. H. Rogers, l^". J. Rose, Peter Rauls, W. S. Russel, Wm. Rosenthrall, S. P.Robinson, E. Rathburn, C. E. Ripley, Richard Roberts, Geo. D. Stanton, G. F. Stewart, A. A. Shepherd, C. H. Skinner, Geo. E. Sutherland, H. Sawyer, C. AV. Smith, W. H. Sears, J. A. Spence, A. Schmidt, Chas. Schafer, -Fred. Steada, J. B. Tripp, S. W. Town- send, L. 0. Trowbridge, P. R. Tiffiiny, W. H. Tripp, Trautfelter, Ira Town, I. Underwood, Anton Vogt, E. H. Walker, S. E. Wade, Fred Weyer, J. D. Walton, H. W. Wheeler, John Weber, J. B. Ward, J. M. Wells, N. Walker, Wm. Wedeman, F. C. White, E. Wescott, A. Walsh, Geo. Willis, F. Wilkes, Anton Whit- ting, M. M. Wells, L. H. Wood, Chas. Wilkin- son, J. Waterman, .James Walker, Wm. Zicker- ick. Mkurill, No. 131. — Lincoln. Date of char- ter, June 24, 1884. Com., D. L. Anderson, Adjt., J. F. Canon. Members :— J. R. Anderson, R. Bishop, J. F. Canon,. James Hart, John Lang- hoff, G. R. Manning, E. N. Torry, Spencer Wiley, Herman Walther, Frank Sherrin, J. H. Barr, John B. Secord, William Averill, Giles B. Hathaway, C. H. Wallace, Valentine Henrichs, Phillip Zipp, L. C. Tyner, R. S. Drew, J. M. Brush, Merritt Stinson, G. A. Washburn, John T. Adams, Miles Swope, R. M. Judd, George Langley, Louis Boyer, Joseph Mitchel, H. W. Boyer, .James K. P. Coon, J. J. Quick, L. Phillip I'ond, A. Lamore, J. E. Young, Richard Smith, F. A. Hanover, Albert Burdick, Edward Carl, JjUther Forsyth, Hiram Roe, Geo. H. Hamlin, N. S. Stiner, N. L. Anson, J. W.Green, William Barr, G. W. Prosser, D. E. Dean, Frank Lee, S. R. Canon, William Shorlread, S. Merrifield, H. W. Wright, P. E. Dewer, B. F. Luce. Appleton, No. 133. — Geo. D. Eggleston. Date of charter, Jan. 31, 1881. Com., Martin Bach. Adjt., F. Heineman. Members: — F. E. Adsit, Charles Abbott, Isaac W. Acker, James Anden, Jolin Ashman, J. G. Brown, Chas. F. Brown, Thomas Burslen, Peter Beeson, Charles Bentley, A. A. Breitung, Rudolph Bentz, L. A. Briggs, Philander Byrus, Samuel Barnhart, J. G. Baker, J. B. Burhy, H. M. Billings, Martin Bach, Charles Boye, F. Bauman, C. Baumann, Henry Bracy, J. H. Cook, A. M. Cole, W. H. Chilson, Jesse Couch, Alden G. Gate, J. D. Cole, E. F. Decker, Joseph Duyer, J. P. Drew, John Derby, Tiieo. Dow, .John Dey, N. M. Edwards, J. M. Elmore, Tlieo. Ferris, Josiah Filler, E. R. Franklin, T. H. Feavel, Wenzel Fischer, Fred Gass, Ferdinand Grupe, F. H, Hoefer, Charles OF THE REPUBLIC. 777 Hancock, G. W. Huckins, Chas. H. Hilfert, Herman Heckert, Ransom B. Ham, Fred Heine- mann, H. M. Jones, Antonie Jesnier, F. AV. Kutler, L. S. Knox, W. B. Kenyon, G. Kirchner, L. M. Kellogg, Jacob Kober, A. B. Lansing, James Lemon, Frank Lymer, Dennis Meidam, Wm. Marzefield, M. D. McGrath, J. H. Mars- ton, G. F. Miller, W. A. Mason, John McNamara, Geo. H. Meyers, Samuel P. Ming, Alex. McCoy, James Monroe, Frank W. May, Henry Marks, Leonard Merkel, G. W. Noble, F. J. Newman, James A. Nichols, August Nitschke, John O'Keefe, L. Olmstead, Daniel O'Keefe, Z. Pat- ton, C. P. Palmer, Silas D. Pearson, Samuel Ryan, J. T. Reeve, L. L. Randall, David J. Ryan, Thomas Reese, John M. Rohr, Abram Russell, Adam Rickert, B. P. Raymond, R. J. Smalley, Oscar Sterling, A. C. Simpson, Peter Stoffels, Wm. H. Smith, S. S. Sheldon, G. W. Stanley, J. M. Stewart, E. Stoppenbach, Wm. G. Steele, Wilber Thompson, Geo. Van Heukelom, Wm. Wilson, G. W. White, E. Wing, L. H. Waldo, Thos. H. Webley, J. A. Wolcott, M. Werner, C. Wolfrom, James Wnig, L. N. Whi- ting, Fred Weimer, E. Weimer, Josepii Yunk, Julius Zuehlke. Brandon, No. 136. — Ben. S. Sheldon. Date of charter, March 7, 1884. Com. L. Ferguson, Adj. Wm. Herron. Members: — Edwin Robin- son, Wm. Marshall, Robt. Williams, James Connor, Edward Stickels, A. E. Austin, A. W. Bly, Herman Giffy, Jacob Carter, Robt. J. Eaton, Lew. W. Rogers, Chas. Bremer, F. Aus- man, E. W. Pride, Wm. Auglum, Louis Davis, F. B. Hunn, E. F. Briggs, Wm. R. Brower, Jo- seph Kimball, Benj. O'Connor, Jolni P. Dumers, Chas. Jacquiers, F. A. Busii, John Butiste, A. H. Carpenter, Canfield Marsh, L. B. Blanch- ard, Edward Meny. Plover, No. 149. Plover. Date of charter, March 21, 1884. Com. S. B. Carpenter, Adj. A. M. Blaisdell. Members :— A. J. WqUou, S. B. Carpenter, J. D. Rogers, Wm. N. Creasy, James A. Morrison, Frank Tyler, N. Ingersoll, Frank Carley, John Sellers, S. G. Done van, A. A. Sherman, Sam'l Drake, James M. Bremmer, S. Clark, H. H. Moore, Simeon Carley, C. Scott, A. Crawfoot, John McGowen, L. B. Farr, W. S. Halladay, Nicholas Grosse, Chas. Upthegrove, L. C. Beach, Perry Foster, B. F. Sanford, John Davis, 0. M. Simons, R. D. Bailey, J. Haas, M. Scanlin, Phil Blodgett, Dan Keyes, L. G. Rice, H. L. .Johnson, J. W. Hughes, C. D.Richmond, J. B. Thurston, J. H. Brooks, S. C. Alban, Hart McGill, S. 0. Bremmer, W. D. Worden, An- drew .Johnson, Ezra Dakins, Walter Whitaker, Frank Walker, Eben Perkins, Asa C. Phelps, Harry A. Ellis, Josepli Pettis, Robt. B. Palmer, Schuyler Whitaker, J. E. Frost, Jerome Adams, Hubbard Moss, Perry Hopkins, Joshua Dicker- son, Henry Smith, A. M. Blaisdell, Chas Wocli- ter, Warren J. Frost, Riley Washburn, Geo. Slack, Sam'l H. Smart, Alfert Buzzard, Leroy Shannon. Hancock, No. 150. — Thos. Eubanks. Date of charter, March 26, 1884. Cora., Thos. Beal, Adj., W. S. Curtis. Members:— John E. Fel- ton, B. S. Hales, F. B. Hamilton, Wm. D. Weld, Tlios. Beal, AV. S. Curtis, Wm. J. Moore, J. A. Rozell, J. K. AVorthing, Henry Edson, Geo. C. Guest, .Jacob A. Schofield, Peter J. Johnson, Wm. Jump, L. D. Marshall, S. Furguson, K. B. AVilkinson, C. AV. Babcock, F. R. Jones, C. W. Moore, James Ordway, 0. Hepburn, D. N. Green, Geo. Hutchinson, D. W. Booth, J. R. Barker, Wm. H. AVelcome, A. D. Hamilton, J. W. Greenfield, M. V. Ferdon, G. P. Bushey, John H. Ostrum, Josepii Boweu, L. M. Brewster^ J. AV. Baker, H. Forman, Thos. Hurst, C. L. Stilwell, E. Winslow.J. L. AVing, S. AVillis, Joliu Whorton, Thos. Parkins, S. Chapel, AVm. Wood^ S. E. Crandall, G. R. Cronkhite, AV. B. LaSelle, S. Foss, J. Ostrander, N. Huugerford, R. Owen, S. Shumway, M. T. Crandall, C. Ellis, L. Zwetz^ 778 GRAND ARMY D. R. Lane, C. A. Green, Geo. Ocain, A. A. Chamberlin, J. T. Aber, R. Rozell, D. Evans, S. P. Ritten house, W. J. Mory, A. J. Potter, Wm. Freeland, M. G. Cook, H. E. Holcomb, J. W. Ramsey, G. W. Baker, H. Kennedy, E. Fancber. F. Mix, J. H. Hopper, H. Gragg, T. Newton, R. DeGross, K. Parkin, E. Wilson, S. F. Bisliop, J. Pells, D. S. Haskins, G. B. Codding, A. Turner^ W. H. Stewart, E. P. Noyes, 0. E. Barber, H.' W. George. Kewaunee, No. 155. — John M. Read. Dale of charter. May 6, 1884. Com. L. Bruemmer, Adj. F. Hlawacek. Members: — Henry Lisch, Fred Schroeder, R. L. Wing, John Dishenaker, John Wrabetz, Thomas Hlawacek, Nicholas Bregger, Fiank Dolensky, Valentine Hoffman, John Lutien, James Mcintosh, Lorenz Lutz, Joseph Moore, Antonie D. St. Peter, Conrad Meyer, Max Jadin, Frank Steiskal, Peter Breg- ger, Joseph Paider, Frank Harbek, John Mc- Nally, Josei)h Woodsedalek, Peter Bentz, Ed- ward Karl, Frank Paulu, Louis Brueraner, Charles Arpin, Dennis Sullivan, Antonie Gokey, Alfred Webber, Patrick J. Rooney, Eben Smith, Edward O'Hara, Frank Ouradnik, Luth C. Outzen, Christ oph Peters, Albert Leske, Fred- erick Vorpahl, John Bettner, William Light, William Lauscher, Henr}^ Bregger, August Kassner, Oscar J. Oles, John Schneider, Carl Scliroeder, Theodore Lichtermann, Peter Arendt, Frank Worth, Adolph Gauthier, John H. Brown, Anton Gallinberger, Gottfried Bohner, Frederick Legge, John Kelliher, Theo- dore Wunch, Martin Plautz, Frederick Sell. Weyauwega, No. 180. — Andrew Chambers. Date of charter, Sept. 6, 1884. Com., J. Rohde, Adj., D. Wafler. Members: — Andrew Gasmore, John Bourgesser, P. L. Van Epps, Albert Smith, Sam Higgins, John Rohde, E. Ensign, B. Vincent, Chas. Gooduori, Enoch Smith, Ephraim Smith, D. Buck, Wm. Reise, Warren Rice, F. P. Syplier, Myron Sherman, Norman Lilly, Frank Conrad, Joseph Meyers, Luke Gates, O. A. Rich, Lyman Howard, J. Funis, Marion Sweet, Fred Schoenick, S. Baker, Henry Water- house, Geo. Zeal, D. Gotham, H. 0. Holcomb, J. W Casey, H. C. Warner, Era J. Weston. Plainfield, No. 197. — W. Waterman. Date of charter, Aug. 22, 1885. Com., R. H. Runcorn, Adj., S. C. Waterman. Members : — R. H. Run- corn, J. B. Mitchell, Peter Mitchell, L C. Herrick, H. B. Holmes, L. S. Walker, R. R. Crowe, R. D. Sparks, S. C. Waterman, L. D. Stillwell, E. M. Pickering, G. B. Fox, Frank Briggs, C. B. Foss, G. D. Foss, B. B. Worden A. Allen, Geo. Goult, J. E. Sherman, A. D. De- witt, John Tibbetts, W. A. Rozell, W. Stillwell, Arad Lincoln, John E. Wilson, J. C. Ransam, Frank Rathermel, J. P. Lane, S. S. Mills, A. M. Pierce, Henry Washbaur, H. C. Wood, W. W. Gillett, John Beacher, B. F. Powell, Joseph Waters, Gideon Crowe, Andre Lutz, James Ro- zell, Louis Thiele, S. Bentley, E. G. Eaton, A. Stevens, John Townsend, John Peavy, L. H. Weldon, A. J. Wood, F. T. Bound, A. J. Phil- lips, L. P. Graves, R. D. Bursell, M. R. Adams, W. J. Rice, W. S. Parsons, John Walters, C. Ham, C. A. Burrows, J. W. Ramsey, Michael • Wagner, Sheridan Kennison, Samuel M. Brown, G. W. Lallemont, F. H. Couse, R. P. Ameigh, Leroy Cornwall, John W. Joslyn, George Mes- sing, Chas. E. Webster, .John Catur, 0. Rozell, David Laut, L. F. Quimby, J. C. Young, F. F. Applebee, A. L. Wright, A. Van Nostrand, .Ja- cob T. Herrick, Albert W. Adams, R. Neale, B. A. Elliott, Louis Young, W. H. Rice, George Grimm, Fred Gross, W. J. Devoe, Job Bound. Seymour, No. 198. — John Granzo. Date of charter, June 24, 1885. Com. A. J. Sherwood, Adj. D. C. Forest. Members:— T. E. Chubbuck, A. J. Thompson, John Kraft, E. C. Buttle, Louis Conklin, A. J. Sherwood, S. P. Armitage, Solomon Bean, Wm. H. Dopkin, Wm. F. Man- OF THE REPUBLIC. 779 ley, F. H. Mitchell, Geo. W. Putnam, Peter Tubbs, Sewel Sliepard, Arnold Carter, .John Knox, Alex Sergeant, James Simpson, Elisha Thompson, Henry Gregory, Michael AUoie, Albert Durkee, James M. Goffen, Herman Shunger, T. C. Purest, H. Rolloff, A. K. Bur- nett, Geo. Row, 0. J. Conklin, H. H. Flinn, F. J. Thilkey, D. A. Kenyon. RiPOiX, No. 199.— H. S. Eggleston. Date of charter, June 13, 1885. Com., S. D. Mitchell. Adjt., H. L. Chadbourne. Members: — John Hill, C. H. Miliiman, Lorenzo Forbes, O. C. Stickle, A. S. Cross, Wm. W. Dana, N. C. Kibby, W. H. Dunham, G. L. Riggs, Alanson Wood, H. L. Barnes, H. C. Welcome, T. A. Sargeant, W. P. Stenns, Fred Bessett, Edward Naylor, H. S. Town, VV. H. Hamley, Albert Rolfe, J. P. Stone, J. Ali, Orlando Francisco, S. D. Mitchell, W. H. Hockenburg, W. F. Butler, H. L. Chad- bourne, W. Clough, J. C. Miller, John Domes, Calvin Hyde, C. H. Upham, L. G. Carr, W. F. Crawford, B. F. Crandall, Sidney S. Hall, Theo- dore Mitchell, M. Brayman, E. B. Soule, Ottman Schallern, Leonard Morners, Julius A. Larabee, Andrew Bedal, Asa Holmes, Levings VVestcott, Wm. Dakin, M. R. Ycrrick, H. D. Steiner, Chas. Cowan, C. F. Fordyce, H. C. Eversz, L. E. Reed. Chilton, No. 205. — Chilton. Date of char- ter, Aug. 28, 1885. Com. R. Schhchting, Adj., E. G. Hart. Members : — Reinhard Schlicht- ing, Stewart Newell, Geo. D. Breed, Thomas Baker, D. D. Ebert, J. B. Reynolds, Chas. Egan, Wm. Chesebro, Wm. Stanton, Michael Huntz, John Lange, J. D. Kerker, Nic Hephner, Edward G, Hart, Ozias M. Sharon, Alex. Besat, Philip Ortlieb, F. 0. Grout, John E. McMullen, N. V. Chesebro, Alfred A. Nugent, Franklin Chesebro, James Plimpton, Pliney E. Jewett, Harvey N. Yule, David LaCount, George Nic- holsen, Joseph Parks, Chas. Luther, Samuel Vincent, Henry Wagner, Patrick W. O'Heren, James Brodhead, Andrew Crawford, James Higgins, John Ludwig, Joseph Kolbe, Anton Chesner, John Prichett, George Reighley, John A. Fidler, Rudolph Bucher, Geo. H. Baker, Albert Ludwig, Jo.seph Stephenson, Richard Andrews, Oscar Rickeby, Henry Johnson, C. H. Oakley, Jeremiah Merrill, Geo. R. Wait, Chistoph Weicliman, Louis A. Shelley, Hiram H. Ward, John Van Bergen, John Honst, Stephen D. Bracket, Michael Rau, Jas. M. Tay- lor, George Westcott, August Pomranke, Con- rad Poppe. Marinette, No. 207. — Sam'l H. Sizer. Date of charter, Sept. 14, 1885. Com., Amos Hol- gate. Adj., C.J.Ellis. Members: — Charles J. Ellis, A. M. Fairchild, Jason K. Wright, Thomas Toohcy, James Ellis, Orlin 0. Reeves, Horace E. Mann, Alex R. Laing, Alonzo V. Howe, John Stratton, Geo. W. Bonder, J. A. Rappe, John W. Miner, I. C. Tyrrell, Amos Holgate, James Y. Roe, C. R. Smith, George Townsend, Jacob H. Bernardy, Albert Gregory, Peter McNally, John A. Chattelle, Joseph T. Dress, Rosco VV. Brown, Sterling A. Ross, Chris Leloch, Henry S. Hunwald, Herbert Fletcher, Charles E. Mcintosh, John Cox, James Burton, Henry Magee, James Leeson, L. E. Fletcher, Chas. H. Tole, Alfred Greenwood, Jean. New- man, Antone Bruette, Daniel McDonald, Charles H. Hahn, Orestes G. Bachelder, Jo- seph Chivolia, Charles M. Kline, Geo. W. Thorne, A. J. Smith, W. P. Stewart, Charles Wallwitz, George Leaman, George Fleck, Peter Legue, Louis Le Roy, Benj. F. Harper, James O'Connell, George Geddes, Louis Grauenhaus, W. J. Agrabrite, Benj. Jones, Charles P. G. Gordon, George A. Williams, John Brabender, Luther B. Noyes, R. C. Berndt, Wm. J. Hamil- ton, Wm. M. Kittle, Donald J. Bell, Martin W. Banister, Stephen D. Barker. Two Rivers, No. 219. — Jos. Rankin. Date of charter, June 16, 1886. Com., B. F., Rich- ter. Adj., Henry Wiemann. Members :— Colice 780 GRAND ARMY Gauthier, Henry Theade, August Ahrens, Louis Hartung, Henry Weimann, Carl Reimers, Anton Dietz, Henry Althen, Fred Sonntag, Henry Beck, John Miller, Cliristoph Miller, Wm. Re- deker, Jacob Mohr, Philip Neumann, Wm. F. Nash, Mitchell Lafond, Frank Lafond, Frank D. Peter, B. F. Richter, Wm. Hurst, Otto Kah- lenberg, Oscar Baum, Carl Diedericks, Fred Sauberk, John Lahey, Ed. Lahey, Gottfried Petzoldt. Brillion, No. 222. — Hiram Gibbs. Date of charter, Sept. 18, 1886. Com., Peter Reuther, Adj., Wm. Mumm. Members: — John Died- drich, Levi Fuller, S. Powl, Thomas Donavan, Aug. Mueller, Stephen Summer, August Finke, Wm. Utka, Nick Faust, Joseph Barth, William Langamak, Herman Werner, Wm. Mumm, John A. Horn, Seth Sumner, Joseph Hoyer, William Mathews, Fritz Pollack, Fiiedrich Kruger, P. C. Enders, Ferdinand Ulrich, Her- man Kalk, A. Muzzy. Sturgeon Bay, No. 22G. — H. S. Schuyler. Date of charter, Oct. 16, 1886. Com., J. Harris, Jr. Adjt., J. R. Mann, Sr. Members: — Joseph Harris, Jr., J. R. Mann, Sr., H. J. Grandy, C. R. Thayer, Geo. King, J. Thorence, J. Fletcher, A. Moulton, F. Berge, G. Wickler, G. Mosman, E. Birmingham, Ole Solrayson, W. R. Lindsley, J. W. Schaeffer, Jerome Wright, F'. B. Parkman, Geo. Foss, J. E. DefFoe, Edwin Daniels, P. Peter- son, R. L. Cook, Solon Birmingham, Richard Ash, Jacob Crass, N. Simon, W. Halstead, B. Belongie, A. Templeton, G. W. Stephenson, A. A. Heilmann, D. Weiland, G. W. Prescott, Allen Higgins, S. Samuelson, Jacob Weismann, Jacob Hermann, H. Van Doozer, Fred Krueger, W. R. Brabazon, John C. Calhoun, Fred Laudo, Daniel Shampo, W. 0. Whaples, Nic Ambrush, Franklin A. Ives, John "Massa, Wm. Hicks, S. Laviolette, SylvesterWead, Henry F. Posh, A. M. Van Wonner, J. 0. Tyler, Julius Warren, Geo. H. Rogers, W. H. Van Wonner, Henry Rhode, John McDonald, Edward Cox, Charles Dixon. Princeton, No. 228. — Wallace Dantz. Date of charter, Oct. 8, 1886. Com., A. Eygabroad. Adjt., E. Harroune. Members : — Frank Tucker, Lauren M. Bennett, Edward Harroun, S. Ste- vens, G. T. Hamer, P. J. Haskins, Julius Rimp- ler, Wm. Santo, Peter Zelmer, A. Eygabroad, Wilson Mayberry, M. C. Russell, W. J. Frank, Jas. Van Buren, Aug. Mittelstadt, Caleb Wash- burn, Frank S. Merrill, George Zuehls, Henry Rose, Aug. Klinert, Sidney M. Parsons, Clias. Montgomery, .Joseph Gibbard, John F. Kuehn, David Tassler, Frederick Sidler. OsHKOSH, No. 241. — John W. Scott. Date of charter, Dec. 22, 1887. Com., T. S. Allen. Adjt., H. H. Clemons. Members: — J. H. Sharpe, Aug. Porath, John Rhyner, John Comling, Chas. Dobbupule, A. C. Rasmussen, Geo. Hasbrouck, Willard Clough, G. R. Cressey, G. R. Belknap, John Blake, J. F. Streeter, John Knasler, G. Gebauer, Emil Schmidt, August Huse, Wm. Spiegelburg, Edwin Clifford, John Lick, Thos. S. Allen, Robert Fetridge, Henry Zinn, Louis De Foe, Louis Center, Chas. Rahr, Charles Noe, L. B. Reed, 0. L. Brow, Thos. Roche, John Strasser, Mat. Weitzel, E. E. White, Wm. H. Wadkins, Geo. Soper, Casper Schmidt, W. A. Gordon, C. W. Johnston, G. W. Briggs, J. F. Chase, Eli Seely, Wm. Perry, E. M. Lull, D. H. Hine, Robert Brand, J. F. Har- nish, S. Ostertag, Conrad Schuri, G. W. Neu- man, J. Staudenraus, R. R. Spink, Wm. Sharpe, Gabe Bouck, T. J. Sutton, R. J. Weis- brod, T. C. Miller, Dick Reed, H. B. Harshaw, C. W. Felker, W. B. Greenwood, Geo. H. Buck- staff, Phillip Blake, Wm. C. Hubbard, John Banderob, John McCabe, Wm. Spikes, Jerry Riordan, John Daggett, Truman Hurl but, Geo. H. Stever, H. Mayer, John Brockway, F. M. Pieper, Adolph Priebe, W. W. Conklin, Richard Reed, Con. McClusker, Anton Schuer, 0. F. OF THE REPUBLIC. 781 Crary, James Freeman, Danl. McKenny, A. F. Baehr, G. H. Robinson, Joseph Arnold, H. H. Clemons, Gust. Behrend, S. Kuhn, Geo. Bau- man, J. H. Jenkins, M. M. Morgan, Columbus O'Dell, H. B. Jackson, Pat. McDermott, L. Lit- tlefield, Gottlieb Vette, L. D. Harmon, Chas. Reynolds, E. Brooks, R. H. Bingham, Henry Bailey, A. Belanger, J. J. Sprague, Julius Kusche, S. C. Spone, Ed. Marden, E. A. Fisher, Wm. Coffin, A. B. Steanes, Jno H. Stever, Geo. W. Athram, John McNair, C. R. Nevitte, E. G. Jackson, W. H. Ford, Joseph Barker. Ahxapee, No. 242. — J. Andregg. Date of charter, Jan. 11, 1888. Com., Frank Kwapih Adj., J. AV. Elliot. Members : — Frank Kwapil, John Ihlenfeld, D. W. Stebbins, Magnus Haucke, Wm. Barrand, Jas. H. Flynn, Michael McDon- ald, Samuel Decker, George Barrand, Henry Bauman, Chas. L. Court, Alvis Chapek, Henry Hallara, John Callahan, Benj. Fowler, Ferdi- nand Seibt, John Pfluger, A. W. Elliot, Fred Dickinson, Edward Richmond, George Marr. Menominee, Mich., No. 266, Lyon. Date of charter, Com., M. Durocher. Adjt., G. A. Priest. Members : — C. Ackerman, A. B. BeDell, Thomas Breen, A. P. Burnham, H. Bangman, H. P. Bird, Bartley Breen, Simon Brown, Philip Bruette, L. Bruette, Norwood Bowers, Tlieo. Boucher, Daniel Bundy, Mathias Bailey, J. A. Crozer, F. D. Crane, George Corbin, A. C. Chandler, Terrence Cassidy, M. Durocher, J. W. Dwyer, C. E. Elliott, Stafford Ellis, H. O. Fifield, F. Forvilly, C. Fournier, Louis Forcier, E. C. Flynn, W. B. Gage, Andrew Gram, Daniel B. Grant, W. N. Goodrich, M. Heck, Lewis Hardwick, B. 0. Hall, George H. Houser, Geo. Hubbard, John Hughes, J. W. Jorneke, C. H. Jones, Henry F. Kingsley, G. W. Longhurst, Henry Losburg, Nelson Laflire, Jacob Leisen, Henry Lavine, Patrick Ludding, J. E. Miller, G. Moreau, Vinton Murdock, A. J. McHenry, John McCarthy, John McGuire, B. Nadeau, D. P. Nason, Henry Nason, F. Olive, S. Oatman, B. T. Phillips, Joseph Peters, Robert F. Peak, Jacob Primrose, Alexander Premo, George A. Priest, I. Pisheon, Enos Renier, Daniel E. Rowe, Dave Remington, James C. Sherman, James A. Stevenson, J. D. Smith, W. P. Sickler, Wm. Selleck, Henry Schroeder, Reuben Tread- well, L. C. Tallman, Thomas Thompson, Geo. H. Tweedy, Hyman Tibbitts, Peter Tart, G. N. Taylor, Octave Tetro, C. Towle, August Vander- vest, A. J. Van Anda, A. Whitehorn, Frank Wiggins, Alex. R. Wells, M. Wolf, John West- fall, Josiah Wilson, John Waltz, D. G. Weaver, Wm. Williams, Thos. Wilson, Wells Woodward, W. E. Wilson. □ DDDDanaaD □:: =1/ (5 ..^o^jluJ^ 'i'MSflio. -ld T.,33nd Wis. I 408 Blinn, W. H. H, 9th N. Y. I 14« Blodg-ott, P.. 5th Wis. I 638 Bloonifleld, W. R..34th Wis. I 708 Bonn, A. W.. 3Tth la. 1 345 Bottrell, R.,33nd Wis. 1 641 Bound, J. ,Ir., 8lh Wis. L. A 675 Bousquet, A., 35th N. J. 1 7.30 Bowe, S. A.,66th III. (W. S. S.) 671 Boyer, H. W., 29th Wis. 1 343 Brahier, J. C. ,27th Mich. 1 515 Brainerd, A. M., 3rd Wis. C 496 Brand, B.,i>th Wis., T 530 Brayman, M., Maj.-Gen. 39th 111. 1 617 Breed, G. D., 4th Wis 319 Breen, T,, 11th. Wis. L. A 360 Breen, B., 11th Wis. L. A 260 Brett, B. C, Dr. 21st Wis. 1 289 Bridge, H, Ist Wis. 1 742 Briggs, J. P., 1st Wis. 1 625 Briggs, G. W., llthN. Y.' C 592 Brockway, J. C ,31st Wis. 1 700 Brodhead, J. S., 16th Wis. I 687 Brothers, D. J., 33nd Wis. 1 697 Bruette, A., 13th Wis. 1 331 Brower, A. J., 7th N. Y. C 530 Brown. W. J., 42nd Wis. 1 502 Browning, C, 7th Wis. 1 391 Bruce, J. W., 7th Wis. 1 166 Buck, D. ,14th Wis. 1 580 Buck, O. M., Ist Wis. H. A 591 Buckstaff, G. H., 1st Wis. 1 313 Budd, G. H., l8t Wis. 1 311 Buerstatte. F. C , 26th Wis. 1 410 Buhse, H. C, 9th W;is. I 639 Bunten, A. A., 1st Wis. 1 310 Burbank, J. W., 17th Wis. 1 205 Burdick, A., 4th Wis. I 374 Burdick, T. J., 1st Wis. C 423 Burghardt, G.,5th Mo. C 187 Burtton, J . , 38th Wis . 1 605 c Caldwell, C, Ist Wis. C 509 Calkins, A. J., 2Ist Wis. 1 374 Canon, J. F., 6th Wis. 1 513 Carey, D. E.,25th Wis. 1 179 Carpenter, S. B., Hth Wis. 1 419 Carpenter, I. D., 187th Pa. 1 638 Carpenter, A., 1st Wis. H. A 215 Carter, N. B., 38th Wis. 1 209 Chamberlain, S. W., 2l8t Wis. 1 291 Chandler, H. H.. 1st Wis. I 346 Chandler, G. A., 37th III. 1 438 Chase, T. H., 3rd Wis. C 648 Cbilson, W. H., 95th III. I ,...531 Churchill, W., 149th Pa. 1 488 Claflin, A. A., llOth N. Y. I 311 Clark, A. B., 37th Wis. 1 561 Clark, H.,10th Wis. 1 443 Clark. S. D., 47th Wis. 1 671 Classon, W. J., 27th Wis. 1 366 demons, H. H., 3nd N. Y. M. 1 677 Clough, W,, 7th R. I. C 725 Coburn, T., 53rd Wis. 1 655 Colcord, A. H., 46th 111. 1 38:1 Cole, A. M., IstMaineC 203 Cole, D. J. Kev., 22 Wis. 1 726 Cole, A., 39th Wis. 1 603 Cole, W., 1st Wis. 1 238 Cook, J. H., 5th Wis. I 288 Cooley, E. B., 1st Wis. C 597 Cooley, C. M., 1st Wis. C 597 Cooley, T. F., 3rd Wis. C 659 Compton, H. H 753 Compton, T.,lI2thN. Y. 1 190 Conkey, T., 3rd Wis. C , 370 Conner, W., 6th Mass. 1 293 Constance, C. B., 21st Wis 1 583 Constine C, lOBth N. Y. I 201 Coon, J. K. P., 85th N. Y. 1 545 Corbin, G., 12th Wis. 1 199 Corey, W. C. Dr , 18th Wis. 1 357 Cornish, B. L 32nd, Wis. 1 339 Cornish, G. W., 1st Wis. 1 418 Costley, G., 33rd Pa. 1 409 Cotey,J. L., 18th Wis. 1 225 Cowling, J., 3l8t Wis. 1 190 Cox, J, 3rd Wis. 1 333 Cox, B. ,39th Wis. 1 703 Crandall, M, T.,3rd Wis. L. A 715 INDEX. 793 Crawford, J., 18th Wis. I. 333 Crawford, J. U.. 1st Wis, H. A 735 Crnarken, P., 3rd Wis. C 810 Crosby, G., nth Wis. 1 536 Cross, D. S., nil Wis. 1 3(18 Crotteau, J., list Wis. 1 304 Crowe, U. R., 3:Jn(l\Vis. I..... 485 Currier, S. H., 18th Wis. 1 809 Curtiss, J. J.,Kth Wis. 1 205 Curtis.H.C, 13th Wis. 1 183 D Dale, G., Dr., 2nd lll.L. A 875 Daney, L. D , In. Scout 391 Dauforth, Q. A., 4th Wis. 1 081 Daniels, A. A., 3Uth Wis. 1 198 Daskam E., Hth Wis. I b"!' Davis. T., ;!rd iVis. 1 733 Davis, J., 7th Md. 1 177 Day. H. C, 33rd la. 1 384 Deffoe, J. E , lith Wis. I 717 Deleg-lise, F. A., lith Wis. 1 731 Denn, R.. 128th N. T 1 359 Denney, A., 5th Wis. 1 4S5 DeLand, O. P., 780 Dey, J., 21st tvis. 1 8.>i De Voe W. W., 8th Wis. H. A 375 Dewar, P. B., 4th Wis. 1 331 Dick, C. W.. 4th Wis 219 Dike, E. ,5th Wi<. 1 3.58 Dickerman, J., 1st Wis., L. A 413 Dodge, T.H., 1st Wis. C 731 Dona, T., 123rd N. Y. 1 703 Don Levy, J. A., 39th Wis. 1 503 Donovan, T., 13th Wis. 1 203 Dorr, U. F., 3adla., C 495 Drake, G. W , Isl Wis. 1 145 Drees, J. T., 12th Wis 1 415 Dumke, A. F.,9th Wis. 1 137 Durlee, J. A.. 170th Pa 1 404 Durkee, S.,7th Wis. I 1)38 Durocher, M., oOth Wis. 1 399 Dwinell, C. H..4lh Wis 645 Dwineil, A. li., 14th Wis. 1.'. 289 Dyer, , J. W., 12th Wis. 1 398 E Edson, H ,.29tliO. I 740 Edwards, N. M., IstN. Y. V. E. C 341 Eighme, E. ,37th Wis. I 740 Eldrod, C. F., 11th N. Y. C 707 Elkins, J. H., 39th Wis. \ all Ellis, C. J., 2nd Maine I .543 Ellison, M. G.,2nd Wis C 829 Euipey, W. J.,3rd Wis. C 4)0 Enderby, W. R.. 12th Wis. 1 195 Eno, A. S., nth Mich. C 410 Enoch, C.,3nd Wis. C 275 Evans, H..7th Wis. 1 838 Evans, J. W.,3rd N. Y. L. A 585 Everts, J., 1st Wis. C 803 F Falck, G 8^51 Karr, ,1. A., 2na Mich. C 433 Farr, L. lJ.,3rd Wis. C 8,sn Faville, J 158 Ferguson, L. S., 4th Wis. 1 470 Ferguson, C. ,3.5th Wis. 1 539 Ferguson, L.,33nd Wis. 1 3.58 Ferrisa, E. P., 1st Wis, H. A (iii4 Fetzer, J., 7th Wis. 1 705 Fifleld, H. O , Ist Minn. I .586 Filler, .1, 40th O. 1 475 Fisher, K. O., U.S. N 490 Follctt, D. I., 47th Wis. 1 386 Forbes, S. D.,33nd Wis. 1 1.58 Forestal,C. H. ,11th 111. I 489 Forsyth, L. ,21st I.\. I :?l/ Hurren, E R,4thWis,l Fox, F., 1st Wis 1 414^Herron, Wrn., 8.5th Ind. I Forvilly, M., 17th Wis. 1 335 Fowler, J. L. ,54th Mass. I ...196 Fraiubach, H. A.inst 111. 1 737 Freeman, J.,32iiil Wis. \ 665 Frost, W. J., 16th Pa. Cav 560 Fuller, W. P.,:th Wis. I 383 FuQck, J. H. ,19th Wis. I 837 G Gardner Gardner Garloek, Gee, H. , S., 33nd Wis. I , G. R. ,48th N y. I. , B. F, 1st Wis. C ... E.,lst Wis. C 164 1.59 369 459 Geets, W. H.,31st Wis. 1 34} Gibbard, J.lst Wis. H. A 615 Gibson, H, 7th Wis. 1 334 Gilson, N. S.„ 12th Wis. 1 164 Girard, S., 3Sth Wis. I ...466 Glines, P. U. 3rd Wis. C 394 Goddard, H. J., 13th Wis. 1 3.'0 Goeres, T. ,4th Wis. 1 356 Goff, W. W, 141st Pa. 1 248 Gorhani, D., 17th Wis 1 607 Gosha, C.,4th N. H., 1 680 Gouldsbury,S. ,17th Wis. I 'Wo Goult, G. W.,8th Wis. Bat .589 Gove, B. R.,6th Vt. 1 397 Grant, A. C. ,32nd Wis. 1 553 Gray, O. ,16th Wis. 1 331 Green, G. G 3>'8 Greene, T., Rev.,7tli Mich. 1 433 Green, J. W. ,11th 111., C 333 Griltith, I. H , sinh N- V. 1 132 Grignon, A.,21st Wis. I !!52 Gross, N.,7th la. 1 454 Harwood, O. P , 5th Wis. 1 635 Haj'ter, H , 3rd Wis I 426 Heath, J. H. ,40th Wis. I 480 Heidenwerth, C 12th Wis. I 348 Heidenwerth, D, 12tli Wis. 1 344 Heincmann, F., 9th Wis. I Helnier. F., 193rd N. Y. I Hemscheineyer, W. H ,36th Wis. I. Henderson, U , lOOlh N. Y. 1 Henrig-illis, J, 1st Mo. C ..383 Grosstueck, A Gurnee, W. T. ,9th Wis. 1 488 1st Wis. C 80S H Hall, Dr. S. S., U. S N Hall; W. J. M.,5th Pa. H. A.. Halliiday. W. S.,3rd Wis C. Halhiila.v, Mrs. U .394 .471 ..51X1 .503 Hallani, H . 141 h Wis. 1 744 Hamilton, W.J. , I4th Wis. 1 380 Hamlin, A. R., 8th Ills. C 3«I0 Hammond, D , 1st Wis. 1 565 Hand, J. T, 43rd N. Y.I 197 Hanover, F. A., 53nd 111. I il57 Harder, O.L.. 31st N. Y. C 331 Harkness, 0. F., I4tli Wis. 1 4.57 Harper, B.F., U. S. N 264 Hart. C. S 518 Hart, E 515 Hart, B. G., ISth Wis. 1 856 Hartung, C, 5th Wis. 1 2.54 8.33 649 230 Hicks, J., 3:ird Wis. 1 355 Higbee, F., Ulth N. Y. 1 396 Hillort, C. H. ,31st Wis 1 477 Hill. Chris, 31st Wis. 1 172 Hitchcock. R. 1., 11th W s. 1 3.58 Hlawacek, T., 39th Wis. 1 5,53 Hoaglin. J. N., 18th Wis. I ()21 Hodge, .1. C, 3.d Wis. C 416 H.)gan, P., 13th Me. 1 353 Hollister, W. W..2nd Wii. C 5.59 Hopkins, C. W., 1st Wis. H. A 369 Home, O., .-)3rd Wis. 1 367 Hotehkiss. F.,3rd Wis. C 5M Howe, C. ,2nd Wis. I : 2,51 Howe, G. W., 17th Wis. 1 718 Howe, D. H , OOth N. Y. I 476 Howe, .4. v., 1.5ih 111. I 487 Howland. L. .Ma,i , 1st Wis. C 423 Hubbard, .M. F., llUh Wis. 1 385 HuUni.in, H. P., 6ih U.S. 1 446 Hu'4h.s. .1. W , mil Wis. 1 749 Humes, 51. F.. 3nd Wis. 1 146 Huntington, B. B.,33nd Wis. 1 578 Hunt/. M., 26th Wis. 1 401 Hiitchins. H, 1.8tli Wis. I. 749 Hurd. A. 1st Wis. H. A SrS Hyde. W. Capt , 17ih Wis. I.., UTi Hyde, Thomas, 38tli Wi^. 1 304 Ihlenfeld, J.,2nd Wis. C .619 •J Jackson, A., 91st N. Y.,1 415 Jaeol)S. W. C, 13th Wis. L. A 399 Jacquot, L.. 47th Wis. I 879 Jenkins. J. H. 31st Wis I 148 John, F. W. S-Jlh Wis I 869 Johns, W. 11,39111 Wis. 1 483 Johnson, A., 11th Wis. 1 491 Johnson, G. A.. 4th Wis. 1 707 Johnson, H. I., 18th Wis. 1 878 Johnson. R. II., 5Sth III. 1 151 Johnston. J. F T57 Jones. J. l.,9ili Ind 1 5M Jones, John, 13ih Wis. 1 386 Jones, C. H , 41st Wis. I 431 Jones, H.S..29th Wis. 1 323 Jones, B. B , I02rid Mich-. Col. I. 237 Jones, D. L , Ulth Wis. 1 181 Jordan, J., 14th N. Y. H. A 571 Jury, F. 20th N. Y. C 315 K Kanouse, E. M.. Dr.. 3rd Wis. A 1.54 Kelley, A. O U., 7.5th Ind. 1 139 794 INDEX. Kellogg, D. D., 1st Wis. 1 313 Kennedy, F. P., 48tli Wis. 1 330 Kennedy, D.,3nd Wis. C 364 Kenyon, D. A., 4th Wis 535 Kern, A.,9tli Wis. 1 441 Kiefer, J. N. ,34th Wis. 1 233 Kies, D. G., IstMinn. 1 6S6 King, Kufus Gen 417 King, Wm. T.,6thU. S. C 337 Kitchen, J., 1st Wis. H. A 630 Kettell, W. M., 41st Wis.) 401 Kleiner, J. D.,5th Wis. 1 506 Kleinkopf.L., 44th Wis. X 373 Kaapp.J. W., 6th Wis. I 344 Knox, L. S.,33ndWis. 1 337 Koch, A. T. 2nd Minn. C 333 Kolngen, N., 36th Wis. 1 633 Kroll.J. C..4'3th Wis. 1 476 Kutler, F. W., 26th Wis. 1 690 Kwapil, F.,36th Wis. 1 538 LaCounte, D. Dr., 14th Wis. 1 363 La Count, Dr. L. B.,.')th Wis. 1 481 Lake, N. H., 41st Wis. I .W6 Laisure J.,60th N. Y. 1 474 LaLonde, E., 18th Wis. 1 2il8 Lansing, A., 5th Wis. 1 675 Loop. K. A., Dr.,Hth N. Y. C 739 Liivalley, J.,3rd Wis. 1 303 Lawe, J. R., 13th Wis. I 383 Leach, H. W.,3ud Wis. N. G 448 Leahy, J. F.,35th Wis. 1 191 Lee, J., nth Wis. 1 177 Loisen, J.,45th Wis. 1 3B4 Lenten, L. 33nd Wis. 1 067 Leonard, E. W., 3rd Wis. C 643 Leroy, L.,.53nd Wis. I 429 Leykora, J. R.. .5th Wis. 1 165 Licbert, J. A., 4th Wis 511 Lillie, N. W., luth Wis. I 591 Lindsay, E., 2nd Wis. 1 255 Lindsley, C. H., 3rd Wis. I , 317 Lucas, F. 3nd Wis. C 063 Luck F. ,21st Wis. I ..730 Luck, W., 13th Wis. 1 650 M Maas, W., 33nd Wis. 1 490 Magee, H., 103rd N. Y. 1 694 Magill, Wm , 36th Wis. 1 361 Mahiney, F., 13th Wis. I 307 Mahoney, W., 4th Wis 318 MaUory,U. D., 19th Wis. 1 338 Mangan, M., 6th Wis. I 170 Manley, H. H. ,43rd Wis. I .595 Marks, H., 1st Mo. L. A 667 Mars, R. W., U. S. N 313 Marston, ,T. H., 6th Wis. 1 247 Martell, J.,38th Wis. 1 0J5 Mason, J. A., 1st Wis. C 699 Mattes, P., 20th Wis. 1 714 McCabe, J.,5th Wis. 1 405 McCaslin, N., U. S. S 519 McDonald, D., 50th Ohio I ,500 McDougal, F. E., ICth Wis. 1 323 McGlachlin, E., 1st Wis. 1 505 McHcnry, A. J., 1st Mich. C 413 McTntyre, G. W, 7th Wis. 1 741 McKee, G. A., 83rd Pa. 1 339 'McKenna, M, 39th Wis. ) 663 McLean, H., 8th Wis. L. A 411 McLees, E., 1st Wis. H. A 493 McMahon, J., 14th Wis. J 633 McMurray, T. S., 3nd Pa C 674 Meidam, D., 13tti Wis. 1 310 Meidam, S., 5th Wis. I 590 Merrill, W. F., 46th Wis. 1 641 Merkel, L., 51 -t Wis. 1 706 Merrill, J. H., 18ih Wis. 1 173 Mills, J.,43nd Wis. 1 ...4.53 Mills, H. A., 1st Wis. H. A 394 Ming, S. P., 3rd Wis. C 335 Mitchell, C, 21st Wis. 1 601 Moger, W. T., 41st Wis. 1 .313 Monroe, J., 6th Pa. t 388 Montgomery, H M., 3rd Minn. U 178 Moore, J. G., 1st Wis. C 307 Moore, H. H., 1st Mich. I 651 Moriarty, D. P. Dr., 33rd 111. 1 402 Moss, I., 8lh Wis. A 180 Moss, E., 33nd Wis. I 183 Mueller, C. H., 1st Mich. 1 316 Muller, G.,3nd Wis. 1 168 Mullen, F. M.,3rd Pa. C 233 Mulkins, W., 31st Wis. 1 597 Meyers, G. H. Hon., .50th Wis. 1 ...61« N Nagreen,,l.,13th 111. 1 185 Nelson, S. U. ,21st Wis. 1 730 Neumann, G. W., 19th Wis. 1 580 Nitschke, A. B. J., 1st Wis. 1 305 Noble, G. W.,31st Wis. 1 569 Noyes, L. B., 18th Wis. 1 56i Ney, F. J., 43rd Wis. I ..688 Newell, S., 4th Wis. 1 3.*i Oatman, S. 3rd Wis. 1 321 O'Conneil, J., 1st Wis. C 514 O'Connell, C . 43rd Wis. 1 3.57 Odell, C.G., B. S. S ,537 Olive, F., 13th Wis. 1 176 Olmstend, L.. 10th Wis. 1 578 Olsen, G. Rev., 18th Wis. 1 595 Oleson.O. R., 21st Wis. I .538 Ostertag, S.,3nd Wis. 1 1.52 Ostenteldt,F., 31st Wis. 1 710 Ohaver, Wm., 2nd Wis. C 303 Olmstead, ,1. J, 3rd Wis C 186 Otto, J. H..21st Wis. 1 660 Owena, E., 1st Wis. H. A 467 Oliver J. W.,33nd Wis. 1 169 P Page, C. W., 3rd Wis. 1 249 I'almatier, F..46th Wis. 1 365 Palmer, C. P., 3rd Wis. G 339 Palmei, A., 31st Wis. 1 634 Patchen,M. B.,KthWis. I 5,50 Patterson, W. H.,10thN. F. C 683 Peak, R. F.,36th Wis. 1 283 Pearson, S. D.,73nd 111. T 444 Peck, G. F., 44th Wis. I ,583 Pendleton, C. T 439 Perry, S. L.,3rd Wis. C 373 Perry, I. J, 8th Wis. 1 547 Perry, R, 14th Wis. 1 719 Peters.S. W.,7th Wis. 1 341 Philbrick, B S., 37th Mich. 1 499 Phil brick, W. B.,8th Wis. B 486 Phillips, E. A., 16th N. Y. 1 168 Pierce, S., D. S. S 353 Platt,S. E. ,29th Wis. I i 507 Pond, S., 1st Wis. H. A 400 Pond, Wm., 1st Wis. H. A 295 Porter, A. K., 1st Wis. C 732 Porter, W. H., 11th Pa. C 638 Post, A. M., 3rd Wis, I .652 Pratt, M. S., 13th Wis. 1 267 Price, P., nth N. J. 1 6,S4 Prouty, W. R.,93N. Y. 1 744 Pulford, E , 13th Wis 1 474 Q Quick, J. J., 18th Wis. I. Quinn, F. 51st N. Y. 1... R .411 .397 Rahr, C, 9th Wis. 1 614 Ramminger, C, 9th Mich. 1 734 Ramsdell, D. A., 14th Wis I ij54 Ramsdell, E 7.53 Ramsdell, I. W., 14th Wis. 1 548 Randall, R. H., 6th Wis. 1 50« Randall, L. L., 6th Wis. 1 484 Rankin, Hon. J,, 37th Wis. 1 434 Rappe, J. A., .33nd Wis. 1 573 Rasey, E. B., 133rd N. Y. 1 601 Rathermel, P., 1st Wis. H. A 661 Raymond, J. 0.,53nd Wis. 1 482 Raymond, B. P., 48th N. Y. 1 153 Reay, G. W., 3rd Md. 1 453 Read, M. J. 14th Wis. I 443 Reed, M., 14th U.S. 1 686 Reeve, O., Ist Wis. 1 454 Renier, E., 37th Wis. I 379 Repe, C, U. S. N .571 Heuther, P., 45th Wis'. 1 331 Rhode, B., 16th Wis. 1 395 Kice, W. H., 16th Wis. 1 618 Rice, N.,2l8t Wis. I 307 Rice. A. D, 38th Wis. 1 343 Richmond, G. N., 3nd Wis. C 181 Richardson, M., 33rd Mass. 1 398 Kietz, E. L, Dr., 36th Wis. I a54 Rimey, D,, 38th Wis, 1 689 Ritter, A. P., 37th Wis. 1 4.58 liobinson, H. O., 48th Wis. 1 686 Roche, T., U. S. N 235 Roe, B. L., 33nd Wis. 1 207 Rogers, F. M., 1st Wis. C 682 Rogers, S. M., 49th Wis. I 364 Rogers, B. F. Rev., 15th Illinois 1 435 Rohde, J. J. L.. U.S. I .561 Rohr, J, M,, 46th Wis. 1 368 Rolfe A., 4l8t Wis. 1 318 Rozell, W, H., 30th Wis. 1 704 Rozell, W. A., 1st Wis. H.A 691 Runcorn, R. H., 1st Wis. H. A 709 Ryan, S,, 3rd Wis. C 385 Ryan, D .1,, 21st Wis 1 470 INDEX. 795 S Saircnt, A., 1st Wis. C 583 Sawyer, P 761 Saxton, G.. Uth N. Y. 1 301 Schetfen, H:, 13lh Wis. 1 .347 !^cliintz, L.,2rid Wis. 1 6.54 ^<~SchIcg-el, C, 1st Wis. 1 196 Sohmiilt, C. Kith Wis. 1 638 Sclim-dt, H., nth Wis. I 543 Schmidt, C. H., ilth Wis. 1 437 Schofleld, J. A., 37th Wis. T 733 il Schuri, C, '.-Slh N. Y. 1 704 Schweer.', F. G., 33nd Wis. 1 499 Schweers, J. M.,3i-d Wis. I 546 Scott, C, 7th Wis 1 640 Scribner, A. D., 104th III. 1 670 Seely. E. 33Qd Wis. 1 604 Selma, J., U. S. N 759 Sell ei-8, M 406 Severns, J. Q., 37th Wis. 1 365 Seymour, W. T.,3rd Wis. C 715 Sharon, O. M.. 4th Wis. 1 669 Shellou, C, 32nd Wis. 1 431 Shepherd, A. A.. 1st Wis. I .533 Sheriff. K., .5th Wis. 1 449 Short, M. C.,3lst Wis. 1 173 Shipley, B. F., 21st Wis. 1 503 Sohultz, C. E., 44th Wis. 1 353 Shintfler, W., 8th N. Y. H. A 633 Simonds, O. M., 32nd Wis. 1 549 Simpson, A. C, 7th Wis. 1 351 Simpson, J., 1st Wis. H. A 1S7 Singer, J., 13th Wis. 1 330 Skidmore, C. P., 4th Wis. 156 Sl4illinff, E., 3nd Wis.C* 233 Sloan, D. E.,21st Wis. 1 676 Smart, S. H., 186th N. Y. 1 579 Smith, H. W.,2nd N. Y. C (Vet.) 567 Smith, S, (iih Me. 1 343 Smith, J. L., 43nd Wis. 1 3.50 Smith, E. C, U. S. N 403 Smith, A. L 751 Smith, J., 3nd Pa. H. A 594 Smith, K. K., loth Mich. C 513 Smith, R., 1st Wis. C 575 Smith, E. R., 3ud W.is. I.... 559 Sparks, R. D., 16th Wis. 1 743 Spencer, J. A., 3rd Wis. C 208 Spice, R. A., 4th Wis. 1 747 Spikes. W. ,3rd Wis. C 643 Spindler, C. E. ,1st III. C 634 Stalker, G. W,,3nd Wis. 1 555 Stalker, E. ^5., 10th Wis. I .555 Stalker, T. F., 35th Wis. 1 5i>5 St. Amour, U. C, 46th Wis. 1 4.58 Staiideurans, J., loih Wis. 1 510 Stannard, G. W. ,32nd Wis. 1 272 Steiskal, F. , 83nd 111 . I .570 Stever, J. H., 18th Wis. 1 479 Stewart, W. T., 2ilth U. S. Col. 1 385 Stiro, F.,51h Wis. I 49'7 Stowe, J. N., 133rd N. Y. I 231 Stowe, F. M., 21st Wis. 1 4:i3 Stowe, S. W., 4th Wis. 1 518 Stratton, J. S., 11th Ind. B 556 Straubtl H. A., nth Wis. 1 334 Strong-, E., 17lh Wis. I 701 Strong, W. H., 1st Wis. C 299 Stutzman. M., 50th Wis. 1 408 Sumner, S., 1st U. S. M. & F 284 Susor, J., 4th Mich. I 513 Sweet, G. E., IStth N. Y 1 480 T Tall man, L. C, 1st N. Y. C 240 Tarbox, U. B., 4th Wis 203 Teal, W. H., 15th IT. S. 1 542 Thilkey, F. .I.,38th Wis. 1 185 Thompson, C. S., 1st Me. 1 716 Thompson R. S.,3nd Wis. I 155 Thompson, M. V. B , 3rd Wis. C 631 Thornton, J. P., 19th Wis. 1 563 Thrall, H. R.,18th Wis. 1 373 Townscnd, W. W.,3rd Wis. 1 333 Townsend, C. C, 1st Wis. 1 149 Tdwnsend, J.,38th Wis 443 Trefetcn, H.,75th 111. 1 536 Trickey, C, 36th Wis. 1 724 Troutwine, H . , ',i2nd N . Y.I 455 Trowbridge, H. II., 1st Wis. 1 239 Tubbs, P., 29th Wis. I 613 Tuc'ier.M. B.,4th Wis. I 216 Turnbull, A.,5th Wis. 1 540 Turner, C. M., 1st Wis. I 324 Turney. J. C, 3rd Wis. C 290 Tuttic, S. D.,6th Wis 685 Twitchell,C M , Uth N. h. I 637 Tyler, J. U.,83rd Pa. I .584 Tyrrell, I. C, 7th Me. 1 280 U Upham, W. H., Maj.2nd Wis. 1 193 Utter, J , 22nd Mich . 1 433 V Valentine, J. H.,3rdCol.1 690 Vanalstinc, J. H., 33nd Wis. 1 637 VanAnda, A. J., 44th In. 1 436 Van Heukelom, G., 141h Wis. 1 4ii2 Van Norman, L. M.,7th Wis. 1 375 Van Valkenburg, Mrs. S. A 646 VanValkiMiburg, H., 1st Wis. H. A 046 Vaughn, J. B.,2ndN. Y. L. A 2;i6 Vaughn, W., 32iul Wis. 1 678 Vaughn,,!. W.. 10th Wis. L. A 383 Vincent, S.. 6th Wis. 1 381 w Wagoner, A., .5th Wis. 1 737 Waite, O. H., 16th Wis. 1 248 Walch, P., 3rd Wis. 1 563 Waldo, M. A. 1st Wis. C 327 Wallace, C H.. 144th III. 1 254 Walther, H., 1st Wis. 1 498 Warner, D. G., 13th Wis. 1 591 Warren, G 755 Weaver, O. F., 4th Mich. 1 204 Webley, J, 50th Wis. I 634 Weeks, J., 7th Wis. 1 3I8 Weeks, J. A., 191st O. I 7:14 fWeiland, N.,32nd Wis. 1 585 Weisbrod, R. J., 8th N. Y. I h'Xt Weissert, A. G., 8th Wis. 1 143 Weitzel, M.,3rd Wis. C 370 Welch, H. E.,91h Ind. 1 473 Werner, H, 9th Wis. 1 157 Werner, M.. 1st Wis. C 390 Wheeler, W. E., 10th Wis. 1 477 Wheeler. A., 33nd Wis. 1 572 Wheeler, J. H. ,27th Wis. 1 450 Whitnaek, S. ,1., 43nd Wis. 1 494 Whitman. H. ('., 3nl N. Y. C 278 Whitt'er, R, Maine C. G 491 Widgcr. C.,37th Wis. 1 393 Wilcox, W. W. ,38th Wis 1 645 Williams, A. L., 50th N. Y. E 420 Williams, G. A., Ind. Bat 376 Wiley, S., 32nd Wis. I 1557 Wilson, D., 31st Wis. 1 717 Winehart, C, 1st Wis. C 366 Wing, R. L., 43rd Wis. 1 600 Win-slow, Hon. R 761 Winters, T., 13th III C 738 Wipf,C.,44th Wis. I 224 Wittmann, A., 48th Wis. 1 529 Wood, C. L., lK.5th N. Y. 1 376 Wood, T. S., 3id Wis. 1 445 Wood, r. L.,8th Wis. 1 301 Wood.G. K.,K7thN. Y. I .378 Woodnorth , ,1 . H ., 21st Wis. 1 175 Woodward, W, U. S.N 318 Worby, J. H.,8th Wis. L. A 268 Worthington, B. T.,.5th Wis. 1 315 Wright, H. W.,-.th Mo. C 450 Wrolstad, J, loth Wis 1 303 .447 Y Young, F. ,61st N. Y. I. z Zcrwas, A.,32nd Wis. 1 590 Ziekerick. W., 13th Wis. L. A 468 Zielley, HE ,, Uth Wis. 1 693 / . ^„ ^Rarr, ,1. H 336 , Beyer, H. W :i3« Briggs, J. P 'Bateman, R. S SKi^Brand, R .528 ■nircthers, D. J.. 'Bonn, A. W 336 '■Brett, B. C. Dr 388 '■'Chandler, G. A. .433 796 INDEX. Chandler, H. H 336 "Herren, E. R.. ■'Crosby, G 52s/Hyile, W. Capt •'Daskam.E 57C 'Delesrlise, F. A 720 Duiiike.A, F 433 Durkee, S 53S ^Eiiwai-ds. N. M 240 "■Elkiiis.J. H 528 -Elnpey.VV.J 432 ■Fei-ji-uson, C 528 FoUett, D. 1 384 VMoni-oe, J ^ Frambach, H. A . "38 'Grant. U. S .. 8 ■Green, G. G 384 tireen, Kev. T. H 432 ■^Hancock, W. S 104 Htandall, L.L '.Johns, \V. B 4SII Kern, A. A 432 Knox, L. S S'.K 'La Count, L. U 4so 'Lincoln. A, From ^Logan, J A 12,s McClellan, G. B ■, xo Meidam, D 3.'i(; 3«4 -'Odell, C. G r,2s 'Palmer, C. P 3;;ii 't'endleton. C. T 432 Peters, S. W 33ii .G4!) -Ilayniond. J. O 480 .(iT2 "llead, J. M 4;!2 'Rice,A. D 338 ■ilogers. Rev. B. F 432 /Byan.S 384 ■lawyer, P VOO ■Schmidt, C. H 433 ■^mith.A. L 750 •^hc-phcrd, A. A 528 ■^Sheridan, P. H 5B ■Sherman, W. T 32 ^rurnbull, A 538 aipham, W. H 192 ^'aii Anda, A.J 432 Sveissert. A. G 142 4H0 Wjttmann, A 528 ^: :^ Prelaee 5 Chronologieal and Statistical History of the Civil War 7 Biog-rapliiual- Soldiers 143 Biographical— Citizens 751 Grand Army of the Kepublio 7(i5 Department of Wis., G. A. R 7ti8 Roster of Posts 7lin Woman's Belief Corps 782 Department of Wis. W. R. C 7S3 Sons of Veterans 784 Batiles of the Revolution 786 Battles of 1812 78!) ijfc- S&. MEMORANDUM. -^!* •?(«• U.. ■SM.- il MEMORANDUM &&- ^^ .^&_ MEMORANDUM '#• -IS' / f ^«.— ^^ MEMORANDUM. 4 • 1 ife- MEMORANDUM .SB. 1 ^I«._ ''/a-- -^&. MEMORANDUM. ^«. ■ill. •»!«• — ;: — ~__ ^ — ^ ^ _^ , , __ ^ ^ , — -^ 5j? MEMORANDUM. LbN'?9 :i^ iii'''t.i:, ,,11 , ■ ■,'i-;,-\ : ■.■,■.„•.■■ ■M-v;'.;:i.l--!-i| t!''-',-i- /,,..|! ■ ■•• ';■■:■■. ■ '''[•\■"^^'^■Awl •;.,!■; :;.;!•';;: .), ;,.,.. (1,1 •••! 1--l';!.(' ^'■m:%:-:,:^.^ i'-^V^vr"t. '.''■l;,'II • 1 ' ■ I'r-, .' '!'.:; t t I-,.:,' '■ .1 .;,, -.■,■.(■■■') '■■(■'(■■'■■''i''''l"i ''I LIBRARY OF CONGRESS iiiii; nil in u nil III 016 098 465 A • itMiitnolU