^■.<^^ 0^ r-^ I ' » ;^ "-n^-o^ *^VP, •l o •>♦ vk f\\\ S5R //>i « ir> -S £=iWilfc:25 »<> A % • < o REWARDS FOR SERVICE UNITED STATES ARMY INSIGNIA AND OTHER INFORMATION Indian Campaign Spanish Campaign Philippine Campaign I I China Campaign Spanish War Service Cuban Occupation Porto Rican Occupation \tma\ T-"' Philippine Congressional Courte V of Quartrrnia t:r Central's Office This copy, which is one of a limited edition, is furnished by i U. S. A rmy Recruiting Officer FIRST AMERICAN GUN FIRED IN FRANCE FOR THE CAUSE OF HUMANITY (Battery "C" 6th Field Artillery, Regulars) n7 of ^m m 14 1920 This booklet gives in general the opportunities and benefits of service in the United States Army. For special information on any subject relating to the Army call or write to the Army Recruiting Officer whose address is given above, or ask your Postmaster. I U.C 53 3 •/]35 Circular I Q I Q rXJ No. 440. War Departme«it, Washington, D. C, September 26, 1919. EDUCATIONAL AND VOCATIONAL TRAINING 1. Educational and vocational training is daily becoming of more importance in the service. Such training is not only of benefit to the individual and to the country at large but is of equally direct value to the military service. Its furtherance will be given the careful attenfion of all commanding officers. 2. The general policy necessarily includes giving, so far as possible throughout the entire service, adequate and immediate opportunity for the educational and vocational training of such men as desire it. It also includes the development of a practical system of coor- dinated educational and vocational training that will fit men for effective military service and for success in civil life. At each place where training is carried on the first year's work must be practical in so far as concerns direct results and present personnel, and creative and experimental in so far as concerns the methods followed, standards of training, and programs of instruction. The main factors in making the year's work successful must continue to be the initiative, resourcefulness and good judgment of commanding officers and of education and recreation officers and their assistants, and the utilization to the best advantage of the Army's own resources in personnel, equipment, and material. 3. The daily duties and regular equipment of the technical services are such as to render it less difficult for them than for the line to teach a large number of vocations of value not only to the service but also to the individual. The troops of the line at present have infinitely fewer opportunities. They will be given especial consideration in this matter from all concerned. 4. An appropriation of $2,000,000 was made by Congress for vocational training during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1920. * * * * * * * 5. Arrangements are now being made to transfer from the surplus equipment of the Army to each divisional camp, each territorial department, and each training center of the line such tools, apparatus, machinery, and supplies as may be needed and available for training purposes. A large number of textbooks, lately used in France in the A. E. F. schools, have been ordered returned to this country and upon arrival will be distributed. Lists of the textbooks required in teaching various vocations are also being prepared. A complete reference library will be provided by the American Library Association for each divisional camp and possibly at other centers as well. The funds allotted should be used mainly in purchasing needed equipment not obtainable on requisition from the supply services and in employing instructors in cases where qualified instructors are neither available among the military personnel nor obtainable otherwise without cost to the United States. Garrisons throughout the United States are generally so reduced in strength that, except on the border, suitable buildings are generally either available for school purposes or can be made available. 6. In addition to such special courses as may be given at the various training centers and in the special arms and services, the following courses will eventually be taught very generally throughout the service: VOCATIONAL TRAINING I Note. — Courses marked * are considered most essential. Courses in parentheses are those which are considered least essential at present.] 1. Automotive Department. L Automotive Department — Continued. *Auto and Truck Repairman. *Tractor Driver. *Tractor Repairman. *Motor Cycle Driver. *Motor Cycle Repairman. *Storage Battery Specialist. *Auto Driver. *Tire Repairer and Vulcanizer. *Truck Driver. *Wheelwright (Automotive). 2 {ConlinueJ on page 4) MEDAL OF HONOR Congressional medal of honor. Ribbon \0 for wear on uniform and rosette for wear on civilian clothes, either to be worn in lieu of the Medal of Honor, is awarded to officers and enlisted men in the name of Congress for particular deeds of most distinguished per- sonal bravery or self-sacrifice above and beyond the call of duty, so conspicuous as clearly to distinguish them for gallantry and intrepidity above their comrades, involving risk of life or the performance of more than ordinarily hazardous service, and the omission of which would not justly subject the person to censure as for shortcomings or failure in the performance of his duty. Consideration of cases for the award of medals of honor will be confined to those made at the time of action or within one year thereafter. The testimony in support of such recommendation must, when practicable, embrace that of at least two eye witnesses, and must be in the form of certificates from officers and affidavits from enlisted men and others, describing specifically the act or acts of gallantry performed. The commanding officer will thoroughly investigate all cases of recommendations for the award of medals of honor arising in his command, and forward these papers, with indorsement of his opinion, to The Adjutant General of the Army, Washington, D. C. Upon the approval of the Secretary of War, the Medal of Honor will be awarded at some time to be designated by the commanding officer in charge of the command in which that person belongs. TThlSTINGUISHED SERVICE CROSS. Rib- i-U' bon for wear on uniform and enameled button for wear on civilian clothes, either to be worn in lieu of the cross, which is awarded to any person who, while serving in any capacity with the United States Army since the 6th day of April, 1917, has distinguished, or shall hereafter distinguish, him- self or herself by the performance of an extraordi- nary act of heroism in connection with military operations against any armed enemy. The recommendation for the Distinguished Serv- ice Cross is given by the immediate commanding officer from the testimony of eye witnesses who witnessed the performance of extraordinary hero- The opporiunilics for travel make Army life particularly attractive for the man who wishes to see interesting countries, particularly now, when great changes are taking place in governments and peoples. Note. — The Civil War and Indian Campaign medals are not shown in this booklet owing to lack of space. DISTINGUISHED SERVICE CROSS VOCATIONAL TRAINING— Continued 2. Electrical Department. *Radio Specialist. *Lineman. *Radio Operator. *Telegraph Operator. *Telephone Operator. *Switchboard Operator. *Telephone Electrician. *Telegraph Electrician. (Power Lineman.) (Interior Wireman.) (Factory Electrician.) 3. Building Department. *Carpenter. *Concrete Worker. *Painter. (Structural Worker.) (Cabinet Maker.) (Pattern Maker.) (Stone Mason.) (Brick Mason.) 4. Textile Department. *Canvas Worker. *Tailor. Cordage Worker. 5. Food Department. *Mess Sergeant. *Butclier. *Baker. *Meat Cutter. *Cook. 6. Animal Transportation. *Horseshoer. *Stable Management. * *Cargador and Packmaster. *Farrier. *Stable Boss. *Teamster. *Wagon Master. 7. Metal Department. *Blacksmith. *Plumber. *Pipe Fitter. (Sheet Metal Worker.) Welder. 8. Printing Department. Printer. *Photographer. Lithographer. 9. Medical Department. ^Pharmacist. *Nurse. *Surgical Attendant. Dental Assistant. X-Ray Worker. Biologist. (Embalmer.) 10. Highway Construction and Topography, ^Surveyor. *Mapping. *Topographer. *Highways and Bridges. *Draftsman, Topographic. 11. Power Department. Dynamo Tender. Gas Engine Worker- Oil Engine Worker. Steam Engine Worker. Refrigeration Worker. Fireman. 12. Music Department. *Musicians. 13. Leather Dept. ^Shoemaker. *Saddler and Harness Maker. Leather Worker. 14. Machine Department. Instrument Repairer. Mechanic, General. *Mechanic, Machine Gun. *Mechanic, Gunsmith. (Machine Designer.) *Draftsman, Mechanical. Freehand Sketching (Machine). (Foundrymen.) . (General Machinist.) (Tool Maker.) (Pattern Maker.) 15. Miscellaneous Department. *Laundryman. Moving-Picture Operator. *Wheelwright (Wagon). 16. Business Department. *Clerk, Pay Roll. ^Stenographer. *Storekeeper. Statistician. *Typist. Bookkeeper. *CIerk, General. (Clerk, Production.) (Purchasing Agent.) (Business Administration,) (Advertising.) (Salesmanship.) 17. Agriculture. *Truck Gardening. *Horticulture. ^Agronomy. *Farm Mechanics. *Farm Economics. *Economic Entomology and Zoology. *.'\nimal Husbandry. L {Continued on pa;e 6) TThlSTINGUISHED SERVICE MEDAL. Rib- iU' bon to be worn on uniform and enameled button to be worn on civilian clothes, either to be worn in lieu of the medal which is awarded to any person who, while serving in any capacity with the Army of the United States since the 6th day of April, 1917, has distinguished, or shall hereafter distinguish, himself or herself by exceptionally mer- itorious service in the Government in a duty of great responsibility. This medal, ribbon, and button is also awarded to enlisted men of the Army to whom the certificate of merit has been granted up to and including the date of the passage of this act (July 9, 1918). The awarding of the certificate of merit has been discontinued since the passage of the act afore- mentioned. The recommendation for the Distin- guished Service Medal is given by the principal or principals under whom the person entitled to same is serving. The Army teaches men, among olher things, how to tal^e care of therriselves. DISTINGUISHED SERVICE MEDAL SPANISH-AMERICAN CAMPAIGN MEDAL, together with service ribbon to be worn in lieu thereof, is authorized for issue to all officers and enlisted men for service ashore in or on the high seas en route to: Cuba, between May 11, 1898, and July 17, 1898- Porto Rico, between July 24, 1898, and August 13, 1898. Philippine Islands, between June 30, 1898, and August 16, 1898. Food purchased for the Army is the best that can be obtained. It is carefully inspected by experts before accept- ance, and again before reaching the cool^s. Inspection of food often ia^es place three or more limes before it is served to the soldier. The Army has special training schools for bakers and cooks. Generally, only men particularly qualified are allowed to prepare thefood, which is selected for its nourishing and palatable food Value. SPANISH CAMPAIGN EDUCATIONAL TRAINING 1. '''Basic Courses. 2. *Advanced Courses. Penmanship. Mathematics. English. General History. Arithmetic. Modern Languages. Spelling. Economics. Geography. Sciences. United States History. Civics. Elementary Science. Note. — Courses in subjects named above and in other subjects of general education will be developed so far as practicable at all posts and stations. 7. On account of shortage of funds, instructors, and special equipment, as well as of military personnel, it is at present impracticable to open at any one camp or post satis- factory courses in all of the subjects named in paragraph 6. Each commanding officer will, however, open or continue such of the courses as it is practicable to teach at present, and such other useful courses as it may be practicable to carry on with the training facilities already existing or which can be obtained. The desires of the enlisted men as to courses should be given full consideration, and every effort made to meet reasonable requests. All educational and vocational training at any camp or post must be under the entire control of the commanding officer irrespective as to how much assistance is or has been received from welfare organizations or other civil institutions. Eventually all civilians employed as educators or for camp activities will be paid for by the Army within the limit of funds available. Courses in educational and vocational training should be coordinated. Each man taking vocational training should be encouraged to take also a related educational course, and should be helped to make a proper choice. The development of suitable courses tending toward raising the general education of the soldier will be given special attention. Each man who successfully completes a course Will he given a certificate by thz local commanding officer or school officer, indicating that he has "satisfactorily completed a course in at A standard War Department certificate will not be adopted for general use throughout the service until such time as it will represent, for each vocation, a certain definite degree of proficiency, uniform throughout the entire service, and fully meeting the requirements of civil life as well as of the Army. The standards adopted will be such that a discharged soldier, character "excellent," with a War Department certificate showing that he has qualified, for instance, as a "carpenter," will need, when seeking civil employment as a carpenter, no further proof either of character or of proficiency. Similarly, War Depart- ment certificates covering educational subjects will, it is expected, be accepted by civil educational institutions as evidence of proficiency in such subjects. 8. The divisional camps are the places where the greatest variety of courses can success- fully be taught. It is intended that eventually all courses listed in paragraph 6 will be taught at each such camp. Training programs will be framed on the basis of such ultimate extension. At each divisional camp, in addition to providing instruction in as many as possible of the 19 departments named in paragraph 6, one or more of these departments will be designated by the War Department as the camp's special field of experiment, with a view to working out for such departments courses and standards that may serve as models for the enMre service. Civilian technical and educational experts have been employed by the War Department to assist in this experimental and constructive work. These experts will be sent to camps to study the educational work, and on request of commanding officers will be assigned as much as is possible to camps to cooperate in the development of courses and methods of instruction. Preference in the assignment of experts will be given at present to the camps at which divisions are now stationed. ******* g {Conlinued on page 8} SPANISH WAR SERVICE MEDAL (new au- thorization), together with a service ribbon to be worn in lieu thereof, was authorized under the provisions of the act of Congress approved July 9, 1918. This medal is made of bronze and will be issued to any ofEcer or enlisted man who served not less than 90 days in the War with Spain be- tween April 20, 1898, and April 11, 1899, and who is not eligible to receive the Spanish Campaign Badge, and whose service was honorable. Application for this medal should be made in duplicate and in letter form, addressed to The Ad- jutant General of the Army, Washington, D. C, setting forth in brief a statement of the applicant's service. In case of the death of a man who, if living, would be entitled to this medal, it may be procured by his family or proper legal representa- tive of the deceased. Aside from the physical and mental benefits derived in the Army there is acquired by the soldier not only an increased spirit oS patriotism }or his country, but also the social ad- vantages and systematic training which come from military experience under our democratic form of government. SPANISH WAR SERVICE |RMY OF CUBAN OCCUPATION BADGE, together with service ribbon to be worn in lieu thereof, is authorized for issue to officers and enlisted men for service in Cuba with the Army of Cuban Occupation between July 18, 1898, and May 20, 1902. Should a soldier not desire to follow the service as an occupation after completing his term of enlistment, the train- ing he has received and such knowledge as he may have gained through Army travel, observation, and experience will be a Valuable asset in helping him to procure lucrative em- ployment in civil life. As evidence of the benefits of Army service you can find in every city merchants, professional men, and others who served in the Army and who are to-day making large salaries. These men unhesitatingly state that they consider their tour of Army service one of the most important events of their lives. CUBAN OCCUPATION VOCATIONAL TRAINING— Continued 9. The commanding general of each territorial department in the United States and overseas, and the commanding general of the United States forces in Germany, will have educational and vocational training carried on so far as practicable at all posts under their respective commands (including the Coast Artillery districts in the case of all depart- ment commanders) in accordance with the general principles stated in paragraph 7. The fact is recognized that it is impracticable to establish courses in a wide range of subjects at small pos^s, most of which, particularly in the United States, have but a small fraction of their normal strength; but even in such cases it will be possible by utilizing existing facilities to give practical instruction in a number of useful vocations as well as, particularly in permanent prewar posts, to meet the reasonable desires of the men for educational training. The overseas departments have their special problems as do the troops serving along the border, in Alaska, and in Germany. 10. The Chief of Coast Artillery, the Chief of Field Artillery, the Chief of Engineers, and the Commanding Officers at Fort Riley and Camp Benning will institute at their respective training centers courses in those vocations which are of special value to their respective arms. Such other courses, particularly in educational training, will be given as may be practicable and desirable. Wherever the facilities and personnel are available or can be obtained, the chiefs of arms and commanding officers will cooperate with the War Department in determining the standards of proficiency to be attained and in developing courses for training instructors. 11. The Chief of Air Service, Chief of Motor Transport Corps, Chief of Ordnance, Chief Signal Officer, Quartermaster General (Director of Purchase and Storage), Chief of Transportation, Chief of Construction Division, Director of Finance, Chief of Tank Corps, and Surgeon General will continue to develop to the greatest practicable degree educational and vocational training in their respective services. In general, subjects related to their work should be given first consideration. The object of the instruction given will be not only to improve the particular service or to train the individual as a member of the service but also to cooperate with the War Department in the determination of the necessary standards of proficiency and, so far as practicable, in the training of skilled specialists for duty as instructors in divisional camps and elsewhere. 12. The Commanding Officer, Fort Leavenworth, Commanding Officers of Disciplinary Barracks at Alcatraz, Fort Leavenworth, and Fort Jay, and the commanding officer of every other post not specifically mentioned herein nor under the control of a department commander or chief of arm or service, will institute such training courses as may be prac- ticable, following the general principles outlined in paragraph 1 . 13. The commanding general of each territorial department, and all other commanding officers and chiefs of arms or services, will make, as early as practicable, a careful survey of the conditions affecting the development of educational and vocational training within their respective commands with a view to obtaining the best possible results in this line. Recommendations, constructive criticism, and suggestions of value to the service will be given full consideration. Reports on training programs, courses, and methods that are found to be especially workable and practical are desired in order that the lessons gained by experience in one command or post may be published or otherwise utilized for the benefit of the entire service. (3S0, A. G. O.) By order of the Secretary of War. PEYTON C. MARCH, General, Chief of Staff. Official: P. C. HARRIS, r/;? Adjutant General. FORTO RICAN OCCUPATION BADGE, to- gether with ser%'ice ribbon to be worn in lieu thereof, is authorized for issue to officers and enhsted men who were in the miHtary service of the United States on June 28, 1915, or at any time thereafter, and who served as officers or enhsted men in Porto Rico with the Army between August 14, 1898, and December 10, 1898. Notwithstanding the influenza epidemic in America and Europe the average American soldier al the end of the fight- ing in 1918 weighed 12 pounds more than he did when he entered the War. This gain in Weight was due to substantial food, excellent sanitary conditions, and regular habits. Ask ony man who has had military training about the normal physical development which he acquired in the Army, as well as the healthful results of his experience. Your tailor will tell you how the physique of returned soldiers has changed even after a few months of training — the former hump or stoop in the bac^ has disappeared, the chest is prominent, waist line trim; the entire figure is erect. Ask any physician or surgeon what he knows of the ad- ditional health conditions arising from military training. Then ask yourself this question: " Can I afford to turn down the opportunity of at least one term of enlistment?" PORTO RICAN OCCUPATION PHILIPPINE CONGRESSIONAL MEDAL was authorized by the act of Congress ap- proved June 29, 1906. The authorization of this medal is for the purpose of issuing to each of the several officers and enlisted men, and families of such as may be dead, who, having volunteered and enlisted under the calls of the President for the War with Spain, served beyond the term of their enlistment to help to suppress the Philippine insurrection and who subsequently received an honorable discharge from the Army of the United States, or who died prior to such discharge. This medal is issued free of charge, and appli- cation for it by former members of the Army should be addressed to The Adjutant General, United States Army, Washington, D. C. Upon application, this medal will be issued to the proper legal representative of any deceased enlisted man of the Regular Army who, if living, would be entitled to it. PHILIPPINE CONGRESSIONAL 127729° — 19 OUR INFANTRY TO-DAY One of the most interesting branches of the service in the Regular Army is the Infantry. The big World War revolutionized many methods of warfare, particularly this branch of the service. The picture below illustrates the fact that practically all branches of modern warfare are now embodied in Infantry regiments, which are in effect A DIVISION IN MINIATURE — - — m — a^^BHH^^^^Bn -^ — "m =■ J jn||||UH^^ m B — — __i *.mm§^^W^^ H^ 11 m m fl 11 ^1 #. ^ r^^ — _ Z^fe»' — _ i S*»^^== ^^^« i'il ^6*" K mik. ^ Wm Sg^-J 1. Browning Machine Gun. Fires .30 caliber ammunition at rate of about 500 shots per minute. Mounted on a fixed base, barrel water cooled to prevent over heating from the high rate of fire. Has a flat trajectory for sweeping the ground. 2. Stokes Mortar. Fires shell 3 inches in diameter. Maximum range, with new and old, 1,200 yards. Has high trajectory to drop shells in enemy trenches and shelters. The man beside the mortar is holding the shell. A special shotgun cartridge is placed in the small projection at the bottom, and the shell dropped into the mortar. On striking the bottom the cartridge is exploded and propels the shell from the barrel. 3. Browning Automatic Rifle. One per squad in each Infantry company. Fires same ammunition as the rifle. Magazines, one of which is held by sergeant at right of gunner, hold 20 shots, which may be fired in less than two seconds. Gun weighs only 15/^ pounds. May be fired from any position that a rifle may and in addition may be effectively fired while advancing at a walk. 4. Intrenching tools, shovel and pick mattox. On taking a new position the Infantry must at once intrench and strengthen it. Every soldier therefore has one of these very use- ful weapons. 5. U. S. Rifle, Model 1903, and Bayonet. Caliber .30 inches, weight S}^ pounds, bay- onet 1 pound extra. Shoots accurately to 2,800 yards, maximum range about 3 miles, magazine holds S cartridges, muzzle velocity 2,300 feet per second. 6. 37 M/M Gun. This is the "heavy artillery" of the Infantry. Fires a shell weighing about 1_J^ pounds. Extremely mobile. May be readily dismounted and carried by two men. May be fired from carriage or, when dismounted, from trench or shell hole. Range 4,400 yards. Used specially to destroy machine-gun nests. 7. Signal flags and field buzzer in front of gun. Communication between various parts of the Infantry regiments is of the utmost importance. Men are highly trained in handling every means of communication — flags, lamps, telephone, telegraph, buzzer, and many other. 10 (Conlinued on page 12) PHILIPPINE CAMPAIGN BADGE, together with service ribbon to be worn in lieu thereof, is authorized for issue to all officers and enlisted men for service in the Philippine Islands between February 4, 1898, and July 4, 1902; Department of Mindanao, P. I., between February 4, 1898, and December 31, 1904. In the following expeditions: Against Pala and his followers, Jolo, P. I., April and May, 1905; against Datu AH and his followers, Mindanao, P. I., October, 190S; against hostile Moros on Mount Bud-Dajo, Jolo, P. I., March, 1908. Also for service in the field against any enemy in any action in which there were killed or wounded on the side of the troops participating. Considering the fact that a soldier's pay is practically clear of all lining expenses, it is doubtful whether in ordinary times there is any class of workmen belter paid than the erJisted man in the United States Army. PHILIPPINE CAMPAIGN /p'fflNA CAMPAIGN BADGE, together with yLJl service ribbon to be worn in lieu thereof, is authorized for issue to officers and enlisted men for service ashore in China with the Peking Relief Expedition between June 20, 1900, and May 27, 1901. All branches of the Army procidejree — Wholesome body-huildtng food. Clean, comfortable, and healthful sleeping quarters. Clothing. Medical attention. Dentist Work. Cheapest life insurance in the World. Education and amusements. Besides, you are now paid $30 per month in cash from the beginning. YOU MAY CHOOSE— Infantry, Cavalry. Field A r tiller y. Coast Artillery Corps. Engineer Corps. Signal Corps. Air Service (including Balloon Corps). Chemical Warfare Service. Tank Corps. Motor Transport Corps. Ordnance Department. Medical Department (including Veterinary Corps). Quartermaster Corps. Construction Division. CHINA CAMPAIGN 11 OUR INFANTRY TO-DAY— Continued 8. Rifle with grenade discharge or ''tromblon, " which is attached to muzzle of rifle. The grenade at the right is dropped in the discharge and an ordinary cartridge placed in the chamber; when the trigger is pulled the bullet passes out through a hole in the grenade and ignites the fuse. The gasses propel the grenade. Range about 200 yards. High projectory to drop missies in hostile trenches. Also in front of the soldier are types of hand grenades, which are thrown by hand and dropped in shell holes or other shelters. They are controlled by the lever which may be seen at the left of the grenades in the picture. This is held in place by a pin during shipment. Before throwing, the pin is removed, the lever being held down by the hand. When thrown the lever is released, the fuse ignited, and the grenade exploded in approximately five seconds. In addition the following, which are not illustrated: Colt Automatic Pistol. Caliber .45 inches, seven shots, magazine in handle. For use primarily at ranges up to 75 yards, but will shoot over 1 mile. Shotgun. Modified, 12 gauge, magazine holds five cartridges. Fitted for 1917 model bayonet. Used largely on and against raids and patrols at night. ^ ARMY PAY TABLE (Average) A few of the grades and pay in several branches of the service as of March 1, 1918. Per month, first enlist- ment. Per month, seventh en- listment. Master signal electrician, aviation mechanician (Air Service) Master signal electrician (Signal Corps) Master engineer, senior grade, Corps of Engineers First sergeant, all branches Regimental sergeant major Master gunner. Coast Artillery Color sergeant, all regiments Duty sergeant of the line Band sergeant Cook, all branches Horseshoer Mechanic, all branches Corporal, all branches '. Private first class, all branches Private, all branches ?121.50 81.00 81.00 51.00 51.00 48.00 44.00 38.00 44.00 38.00 38.00 36.00 36.00 33.00 30.00 3145.00 105.00 105.00 75.00 75.00 72.00 68.00 56.00 68.00 56.00 56.00 54.00 54.00 51.00 40.00 Increasing each new enlistment until seventh enlistment, when increases cease. Additional pay is provided for foreign service to that shown above, as also many special ratings. 12 OTrMY of CUBAN PACIFICATION J' U BADGE, together with service ribbon to be worn in lieu thereof, is authorized for issue to ofE- cers and enlisted men for service in Cuba with the Army of Cuban Pacification between October 6, 1906, and April 1, 1909. The Army Retirement Law provides that after 30 years' service an enlisted man can retire with three-fourths of his pay. For a quartermaster sergeant, senior grade, and for cor- responding grades in certain other branches, this means $74.25 a month, plus $15.75 for clothing, food, and quarters. A man who entered the Army as a private at the age of 18 years Would retire at 48 years of age. If he obtains one of these grades his total retired pay, of $90 a month, includ- ing allowances. Would represent a capital of $27,000 drawing interest at 4%. Think u>hat this means — an income for the balance of a sergeant's life of $90 a month, without saving or investing a dollar. HoW many men do you know in civil life who at the age of 48 can match their income with that of a sergeant's retired pay? CUBAN PACIFICATION MEXICAN SERVICE BADGE, together with service ribbon to he worn in lieu thereof, is authorized for issue to ofEcers and enlisted men for service in Mexico, afloat or ashore, as members of the Vera Cruz Expedition between April 24, 1914, and November 26, 1914. In Mexico as members of the punitive or other authorized expedition between March 14, 1916, and February 7, 1917. Those who were actually present and participated in an engagement against Mexicans between April 12, 1911, and February 7, 1917, in which there were casualties on the side of the United States troops. Those who were present as members of the Mexican border patrol between April 12, 1911, and February 7, 1917, in proximity to an engage- ment between Mexicans, which resulted in casual- ties among their own company, troop, or detach- ment. Those who participated in or who were in close proximity to the engagement against Mexicans near Buena Vista, Mexico, on December 1, 1917, Pilares, Mexico, on or about March 28, 1918, Nogales, Ariz., on August 27, 1918, and at Juarez, June, 1919, MEXICAN CAMPAIGN 13 INFANTRY The Infantry is composed of "Doughboys." Their deeds in the great war are still fresh in the minds of Americans, their valor stands out bright on the glorious pages of the history of our Army. Infantrymen are the assault troops in battle and the spinal column of our Army in time of peace. The doughboy is the "close to nature" man. He is as comfort- able in his tent as in his barracks, and spends most of his time in the fresh air and sunshine. The snappy drill and outdoor exercise add to his vigor, giving him an erectness of carriage and a freedom of movement that distinguish him from his fellows. The Infantryman enjoys his out-of-door hikes. It is true he does most of his traveling on foot, but this means that he is saved the worries of transportation which makes him the more independent. He is constantly seeing new faces, often strange lands and peoples, and these varied experiences make him the typical army traveler. The weapons now used in the Infantry are many and varied. The Infantryman fires his rifle until he becomes a marksman, and uses his bayonet until he feels certain that no trick can penetrate his defense or stay his attack. He knows the modern methods of using the hand granade, automatic rifles, rifle grenades, and signaling. The Infantryman is offered splendid advantages for thorough military training and opportunities for promotion. This branch of the service appeals to vigorous, red-blooded Americans who will enjoy adventure while learning military art. •S CAVALRY The man who loves horses and a life packed full of action in the saddle in the big out of doors will prefer the Cavalry. These fighters are the first to meet the enemy, cutting his lines of communication, and with slashing sabers, carbines, and pistols always throw terror into the advance ranks of the opposing forces or the rear ranks of a retreating enemy. In time of peace the -Cavalry is used in this country and on foreign service for border patrol and to quell any disturbances detrimental to the Flag. The Cavalry is the first of the ground forces to lead in locating an enemy or driving him in pursuit. /There are many schools for Cavalrymen; the chief of these is the Mounted Service Schoof at Fort Riley, Kans., which has many courses of special training, among them swordsmanship. The men in the Cavalry are taught to be expert horsemen. An important branch of animal husbandry, the care and conditioning of horses, is taught in the course of horseshoeing and the duties of a farrier. This work is of considerable value to the mounted soldier who does not intend to remain in the service, but desires to engage in agricultural pursuits after serving his one enlistment. The course for soldiers at the Rock Island Arsenal teaches Cavalrymen the trade of harnessmaker. In addition to the training as a mounted soldier the Cavalryman is given the same general education as the men in other branches of the Army. Many of our most famous soldiers have been Cavalrymen, and the opportunity fot becoming an officer in the Cavalry is excellent. 14 MEXICAN BORDER SERVICE MEXICAN BORDER SER\1CE MEDAL (new authorization), together with a service ribbon to be worn in lieu thereof, was authorized under the provisions of the act of Congress ap- proved July 9, 1918. This medal is of bronze and will be issued to any ofEcer or enlisted man who, under orders of the President, served on the Mexi- can border in the years of 1916 and 1917, and who was honorably discharged. This medal will not be issued to anyone who is eligible to receive the Mexican Service Badge. Application for this medal should be submitted in duplicate, in letter form, addressed to The Adju- tant General of the Army, Washington, D. C, and should contain a brief statement of the applicant's service. This medal will also be issued to the proper legal representative of any deceased enlisted man or ofEcer who, if living, would be entitled to the same. Athletic sports, together with instrumental and Vocal music, theatrical and l^indred amusements ,ma\e Army life attrac- tive and instructive. LAPEL BUTTONS SHOWIN ENLISTED GRADES ARE MINIATURE RIBBON BARS in enameled colors, to be worn with civilian clothing, representing medals and badges. The button at left represents the Distinguished Service Medal. At right the Distinguished Service Cross. In cen- ter replica of Victory Button. (See page 17 for particulars regarding the Victory Button.) A recent announcement from the Surgeon Gen- eral's Office gave the percentage of demobilized troops physically fit as 93.08'^''o. This per cent is based on more than 2.500,000 men recently dis- charged from the United States Army. ON RIGHT ARM ABOVE ELBOV IS FIELD ARTILLERY The Field Artillery is one of the most interesting of the big fighting branches. It com- bines many of the principal features of the other branches. The work is varied — horses to ride, automobiles to drive, mapping, sketching, and many features of engineering to make the work attractive. Over 35 different sub- jects, trades, and occupations can be learned in the Field Artillery, ranging from automobile mechanic to storekeeper. Schools and courses of instruction are open to the man who wants to learn. The job of the Field Artillery is to support the Infantry. Before an attack, the Field Artillery clears the way. It cleans up the machine-gun nests, cuts the wire entanglements, smashes the enemy's strong points, knocks out the enemy artillery, and keeps the enemy infantry under cover. The better the artillery does its job, the easier it is for the infantry. If the artillery falls down, the infantry has a tough time. When the infantry advances, the artillery protects it. CORPS OF ENGINEERS In addition to combat assignments Engineer troops are charged with reconnoitering and surveying for military purposes and the preparation of maps of the theater of opera- tions; planning and superintending of defensive and offensive works of troops in the field; examination of routes of communication lor supplies and for military movements; construction and repair of military roads, railroads, and bridges. Engineers are also charged with the work of military demoli- tions, mining, camouflage; the location, design, and construction of camps, water power and light systems, wharves, piers, landings, storehouses, shops, hospitals, and other similar structures; the con- struction, maintenance, and repair of roads, ferries, bridges, and incidental structures. The construction, maintenance, and operation of railroads under military control, including the construction and operation of armored trains, is also a function of this corps in time of war. During peace the Engineer troops are practically confined to sapper organizations (foot and mounted) and their trains. The men form the nuclei for the special Engineer units required by the conditions existing when hostilities begin, and are trained along the lines of service for which each is best adapted and circumstances permit. The Corps of Engineers maintains for the benefit of the enlisted man diversified courses of instruction, including general education, civilian trades, the sciences, and military sub- jects. In each regiment or separate unit of Engineers schools will be conducted for the train- ing of necessary trades. Students for those schools will be selected from those who have had previous training or experience in a particular trade. A free booklet, "Information Concerning Enlistments in Engineer Organizations," which gives full particulars regarding the various schools, including Camp A. A. Humphreys, Va., will be mailed upon request. 16 VICTORY MEDAL CHE VICTORY MEDAL, and ribbon to be worn in lieu thereof, has been authorized for issue and will be awarded to all officers and enlisted men who have served on active duty in the Army of the United States at any time between April 6, 1917, and Novem- ber 11, 1918, and whose service has been honorable. This medal is in process of design and will be ready for issue at the earliest time possible. The Victory Medal will be obtainable by the sending of the soldier's discharge certificate, or true copy thereof, certified by a civil officer empowered to administer oaths, to The Adju- tant General of the Army, Washington, D. C. In the case of the death of an officer or enlisted man who, if living, would be entitled to this medal, it will be issued to the proper legal representative of the deceased officer or enlisted man upon the application of said representative addressed to The Adjutant General of the Army, Washington, D. C. It is desirable that a brief record of the man's enlistment be submitted with the application, such as the corps, regiment, and company in which he last served, together with his serial number and the highest rank obtained by him. Pending the procurement and issue of the Victory Medal, organization commanders are authorized to permit those serving under them to wear the service ribbon and stars to which they are entitled as shown by their records. It is interesting to know that the amount of ribbon required for the Victory Medal if extended would reach nearly 400 miles, or a distance equal to tb?t from Baltimore, Md., to Boston, Mass. VICTORY BUTTON A lapel button, to be known as the Victory Button, for wear on civilian clothes, will be issued to all officers, enlisted men, field clerks, and members of the Army Nurse Corps who served on active duty in the Army of the United States at any time between April 6, 1917, and November 11, 1918, and whose service was honorable. The button will be silver for those wounded in action and bronze for all others. For the present the Victory Button will be issued at time of honorable discharge to those entitled to it and to those who have already been honorably discharged. Later the button will be issued to all remaining in service entitled to it. Those who were discharged before a supply of buttons was available for issue may secure a button by mailing to the supply officer of the nearest military post, camp, or station, includ- ing a recruiting station, their original discharge certificate or a true copy thereof prepared on the form provided for the purpose, or, in the case of officers to whom no discharge certificate was issued, their discharge order or a true copy thereof. The true copy of a discharge certificate or of a discharge order must be executed by a civil officer empowered to administer oaths and be a full, literal, and complete copy of the original and contain all written or printed matter appearing on both sides of the discharge certificate or discharge order. The certificate of the civil officer must be in the following lorm: / certify that the foregoing is a true and complete copy of the original discharge certificate {or discharge order) of , and contains all written and printed matter appearing on both sides of the discharge certificate {or discharge order). I further certify that I have indorsed on the original discharge certificate {or discharge order) over my signature the following in words and figures: "True copy made by me . . . ■ {date), 191 . . , for the purpose of securing a Victory Button by tnail.^'' 17 COAST ARTILLERY CORPS Big-Gun Action The purpose of this corps is to protect the seacoast and harbors of the United States and foreign possessions. Coast Artillery garrisons are located near the large seacoast cities of the country. A soldier in this branch of the service has time at his disposal to visit places near his station. The work is interesting even for those who do not care to study for higher positions. Men who have a mechanical turn of mind will find many oppor- tunities in the Coast Artillery to develop this talent. The corps offers special advantages to men who have had training and ex- perience in the care of electrical machinery, engines, and boilers; and to those who are qualified in mechanical drafting, map work, photography, and to intelli- gent, ambitious young men who desire to qualify in any of these lines. The Coast Artillery offers the advantage of many comparatively high salary grades, particularly to those who have successfully passed through the training school provided by the War Department. A Department of Enlisted Specialists is conducted at the Coast Artillery School at Fortress Monroe, Va. Here enlisted men who prepare for and pass examinations will be assigned to this school. They may choose instruction in the Artillery, clerical, electrical, or radio courses, and the nautical courses for appointment as warrant officers (second mate and assistant engineer). Army Mine Planter Service. A motor transportation course also prepares men for duty as drivers of passenger cars, motor cycles, trucks, and tractors, and auto mechanics and repairs. Training received is highly skilled and of great value to any man in or out of the Army. During the Great World War the Coast Artillery Corps established a mark of distinction by placing its big guns on railroad mounts and taking them to France, where the corps rendered most distinguished service. Information concerning " Department of Enlisted Specialists," Coast Artillery Corps, may be obtained from any recruiting officer. SIGNAL CORPS The Signal Corps offers opportunities for rapid advancement to men technically qualified for service therein, and to those not qualified the means to acquire a technical education in one of its many schools. The duties of the Signal Corps are diversified and interesting, and consist principally in the transmission of military information by electrical, visual, and other means. Telegraphy (both wire line and radio) and telephony are exten- sively employed, including the construction and operation of under- ground telephone systems; the operation and maintenance of the Alaskan Cable and Telegraph System; radio telegraphy in connec- tion with shore and transport stations; photography; homing pig. eons, and other duties. Opportunity is offered for service in Alaska, Hawaii, the Philip- pines, Panama, and the United States. Many men, having served an enlistment in the Signal Corps, during which they availed themselves of the opportunity offered for theoretical and practical study in electricity and telephony, have returned to civil life better equipped professionally and have been able to secure positions paying a larger salary than would have been possible without this instruction. 18 ARMY INSIGNIA §ATTLE INSIGNIA used by armies is not a modern innovation. In our Civil War distinguishing marks of corps and divisions were used on hats and caps. In the British Army the back of collars were designated as the position for some of their army insignia. The chief purpose of its use is to enable troops who become scattered in combat to recognize their own corps or divisions in order to report back to or be recognized by their own command. The advantage of using vari-colored insignia was early recognized by our Army in France, designs submitted by the divisional commanders being generally accepted by the General Staff. Many of the designs are typically American. Their use unquestionably increased the morale and effectiveness of our Army in Europe. The following illustrations show the various insignia worn by the United States Army while stationed in France, and are frequently seen on the uniforms of officers and enlisted men who have returned from overseas. The designs were taken from the latest official data. In the description of color and in other information there may be some omissions, but those described are substantially correct. ARMIES 1st army Black A, 4 inches high. Special markings for Engineers, Q. M. C, Artillery, etc., worn under the crossbar I' — n 2d army Red and white 3d army Army of Occupation White A, red O, on dark-blue circle CORPS 1st corps White circle on dark blue 2d corps White on blue The eagle and lion symbolize the associa- tion of the corps with British troops A 3d corps Blue points, white center Athletic games are encouraged in the Army, and most camps and posts haoe their baseball and football teams. 19 AIR SERVICE (Including Balloon Corps) Those who have had experience as motor mechanics and machinists, garage men, car- penters, blacksmiths, metal workers, radio mechanics, electricians, tailors, coppersmiths, ' radio operators, chauffeurs, motor cyclists, photographers, vulcan- izers, welders, or those who have a desire to learn all there is to be known about any of these trades, are the men most desirable. The other requirements are principally character, intelligence, and physical condition. Skill as a mechanic is desirable, though not necessary, because of the school system which will train non- specialists. The specialist will be able to go further with his studies. The nonspecialist will be permitted to choose his trade and should graduate a finished and skilled mechanic. Diplomas are given to graduates. The Air Service Mechanics Schools, United States Army, are more completely equipped ■with modern tools necessary for thorough instruction in trades taught than any institutions of their kind in the United States. Every man with a technical education or a desire for one will find congenial work with the Air Service. Applicants for the Air Service will be en- listed for Infantry for assignment to Air Service. Enlisted men of ability will have the opportunity to become fliers. Ask any recruiting officer for a copy of "Join the Air Service and Learn a Trade" and folder "Air Service, United States Army." ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT The Ordnance Department, which is primarily the manufacturing and maintenance branch of the Army, manufactures over 100,000 separate articles; it makes, maintains, and repairs all fighting tools of the Army. It also makes and supplies the ammunition and shell that the Army uses. To make and repair all this equipment the Ordnance Department has manu- facturing plants or arsenals throughout the country, as well as proving grounds to test the guns and ammunition before they are put in use. The Ordnance Department also maintains great warehouses and depots where this material is stored and from which it is issued. It teaches not only manufacturing, mechanical trades, maintenance, and repair work, but also such things as warehousing, shipping, railroading, stockkeeping, supply work, and gives practical experience in the actual work along with teaching. Bright young men who are mechanically inclined and ambitious to learn are offered splendid opportunities in this branch of the Army. Schools of instruction are maintained for their benefit at Raritan Arsenal, Aberdeen Proving Grounds, Rock Island Arsenal, and at other points. If men are not skilled in one or more practical trades necessary in Ordnance, but are am- bitious to become skilled in these trades, further training will be given to them in the course of study, with actual shopwork and practical experience. In addition to these courses a man may continue his common-school education, including reading, writing, arithmetic, etc. In other words, there is a trade and an education for young men in the Ordnance Department. Call at the nearest recruiting office for Ordnance Recruiting Bulletin No, 2, which you will find interesting and instructive. 20 CORPS « 4th corps Blue and white @^ 1st division Red numeral on khaki Sth division Red diamond 5th corps Brown on khaki 6th corps White numeral on blue 7th corps White numeral on blue. 8th corps White numeral and line on blue 9th corps Red on blue DIVISIONS (REGULAR ARMY) 2d division Red Indian head Colorof star and back- ground varying accord- ,,„ . . ,, ing to regimental and ^^1^"^ ^'ripes on blue battahon colors 3d division 3t 4th division Green on khaki ^^ 6th division Red star 7th division Black on red 8th division Silver 8 with gold arrow on blue Note. — Insignia adopted by divisions prior to sailing but not worn is not shown. 21 MEDICAL DEPARTMENT (Enlistments for one or three years) In the Medical Department you are given training which will be of great usefulness in vil life. Military hospitals are provided with excellently equipped chemical, bacterio- logical, and pathological laboratories. Opportunity is afforded en- listed men to become proficient laboratory technicians in any of the following subjects: Bacteriology, pathology, serology, histology, and physiological and sanitary chemistry. Special courses of instruc- tion to men qualifying in special chemistry. Special courses of instruction to men qualifying in special subjects are established at the Army Medical School and in the laboratories of hospitals throughout the country. Privates first class of the Medical Department are eligible for ratings for additional pay as follows: As dispensary assistant, 320 a month; as nurse, $3 a month; and as surgical assistant, ?S a month. Sanitary trains composed of ambulance companies and field hospitals afford an oppor- tunity for training in motor repair and operation, care of animals, horseshoeing, harness making and repairing, and the transportation and care of sick and wounded in the field. It combines training for a useful- occupation with an opportunity for the development cf robust health by a life in the open. Ask for pamphlet "Surgeon General's Office, April 16, 1918," which gives full particulars. DENTAL WORK Men so desiring may select this work. The special training given the man who is se- lected as dental assistant prepares him for advanced rank and more pay in the Army, and also gives him a preparatory knowledge of dental science upon which to base further study if he returns to civil life. Men who join the Dental Corps will be enlisted for the Medical Department, and will be transferred immediately to the Dental Corps. (Circular No. 141, War Department, Mar. 24, 1919.) ^ VETERINARY CORPS The enlisted force of the Veterinary Corps consists of sergeants first class, sergeants, corporals, cooks, horseshoers, farriers, saddlers, wagoners, privates first class, and privates. In this branch an enlisted man is given valuable instruction in the care and treatment of sick horses, and this knowledge is of the greatest usefulness to the soldier for the rest of his life. Men who desire the Veterinary Corps will be enlisted for the Medical Department, and will be transferred immediately to the Veterinary Corps. (Circular No. 141, War Department, Mar. 24, 1919.) 22 DIVISIONS (NATIONAL GUARD) 26th division "Yankee" Dark blue on khaki 7th division Red on black 30th division Blue on red 31st division "Dixie" Red numerals and circle on khaki 34th division "Sandstorm" Red skull 35th division Santa Fe Cross Black on khaki 38th division "Cyclone" Red and blue shield, white letters 40iH division "Sunshine" Gold on blue 2Sth division "Keystone" Red 3 2d division Red arrow "going through theline" 36th division Tan "T" on blue arrowhead (3 29th division Light and dark blue joined in circle o 33d division Yellow on black n 37th division "Buckeye" Red circle, white border /T^/^ 41st division "Sunset" Gold sun, red sky, blue base 42d division "Rainbow" Outer arc red, middle yellow, inner blue 23 TANK CORPS The Tank Corps offers distinctive service. It is both interesting and instructive, and is different from any other branch of the Army. It affords unusual opportunity for the true American spirit to display itself — the spirit which combines indi- vidual initiative, personal courage, and good judgment. The Tank Corps requires men who can use effectively both their heads and hands, and who can and will fight when there is fighting to be done. Tank fighting is by crews of from two to ten men, and each man is essentially a commander. He must be fearless and resourceful, and able to handle both himself and other men under extreme cir- cumstances. An officer or enlisted man of the Tank Corps is rec- ognized the world over as a fighter and a man among men. In the Tank Training Schools at Camp Meade, Md. (between Washington and Baltimore), an unusual opportunity is afforded men to learn skilled trades, and to become highly pro- ficient in gas engines. The famous Liberty motor is the gas engine used in the heavy tanks. One man out of every four must become an expert in gas engines, and the remainder must qualify with a thorough working knowledge. In addition, instruction is given in tank driving, gunnery (with rapid fire and machine guns), wireless telegraphy, reconnaissance, etc. Applicants for the Tank Corps will be enlisted for Infantry for assignment to Tank Corps. ^ MOTOR TRANSPORT CORPS The Motor Transport Corps wants you and will train you for the position you wish to hold in after life. Sixty-eight different vocations are open to you — 40 of these are for the highest type of skilled mechanics. Men in this corps are trained so that they may stand in the front rank of highly paid specialists when they return to civil life. Those who have had previous ex- perience in the different branches of the automotive industry are highly desirable for these courses, but this does not mean that men without experience in these lines are not acceptable. A good com- mon-school education, a quick and receptive mind, are sufficient. Increased pay and advanced grade is quickly earned as only 16 per cent of the Motor Tsansport Corps men are privates. Schools are located in the finest automobile maintenance shops in our country. Courses commence three times each year and give both military and technical training. Graduates are given a certificate of excellence. Post-graduate training is offered to men who come through the first school with high ratings. Applicants for the Motor Transport Corps will be enlisted for Infantry for assignment to Motor Transport Corps. " The spirit icilh which the American soldier is accepted into a community will largely shape the spirit of these new wearers of the uniform." — The Secretary of War. 24 DIVISIONS (NATIONAL ARMY) 76th division Upper half blue with white figure; lower half red. 77th DIVISION New York's Own ' Gold on blue 78th division * 'Lightning'* White on red 79th division Gray Lorraine cross on blue 80th division ''"S!'^'^ "Blue Ridge" „, 1 u 1 ■ uu Red, blue, yellow, or black Blue on khaki, white ' '•', , , ■' t_ J on knaki border 82d division Outer red center blue 83d division Gold monogram" Ohio' on black 85th division "Custer" Red monogram C D 86th division "Black Hawk" Black hawk on red shield 87th division "Acorn" Brown acorn on green ground 88th division Black four-leaf clover 89th division ^^"^^^ gis^ DIVISION "MiddleJVest" 90th DIVISION "WildWes" Black on khaki. Mon- ^^^ Green 90th division Red 93d DIVISION— Light blue hehnet on black 25 92d DWISION "Bufah" Black on khaki QUARTERMASTER CORPS (Enlistments are now being made in this Corps for as short a period as one year) The business of the Quartermaster Corps is to supply the Army with what it needs when it needs it — in or out of action. Its greatest energy is devoted to seeing that the soldier is well fed and clothed. It is the "big business" branch of the Army; its operations run all the way from the factory to the front. Men who enlist in the Quartermaster Corps will find a spirit of cooperation, loyalty, and integrity, from the Quartermaster General down to the latest trained recruit. This corps spirit enabled the men in this organization during the war to break the world's record for rapidity in training and efficiency in supplying millions of troops both overseas and in America with the best food and equipment. There are many interesting features about the Quartermaster Corps that space will not permit description of, but just write the Quartermaster General or ask any recruiting officer for the new and interesting booklet called "Why Not Finish Your Course," which will tell you how to become a soldier in the " big business " branch of the Army. CONSTRUCTION DIVISION The Army now offers an opportunity in its Construction Division for skilled workmen to enlarge upon their knowledge by engaging in the different trades with which they will be- come associated. For the apprentice who desires to learn a profit- able trade and thoroughly fit himself for his return to civil life, this division offers an exceptional opportunity. Go to the nearest recruiting station and request that you be en- listed in the Construction Division of the Army. You will be enlisted in the Quartermaster Corps and then immediately trans- ferred to the Construction Division. For interesting information on this subject write to or call on any recruiting officer for folder which tells all about the Construction Division. CHEMICAL WARFARE SERVICE Instruction in Chemical Warfare Service is particularly interesting to the man who wishes to acquire training under expert chemists in the development of new gases and the methods of protection against gas. The Chemical Warfare Service is concerned with work includ- ing chemistry, electrochemistry, machine-shop work, power-house operation, chemical research and pathological work, and opportuni- ties will be open to men enlisting in this s^-rvice to secure experi- ence along these lines. Chemical Warfare Service men are trained in Infantry tactics. Athletic events will be held and men will be given physical training. Chemical Warfare stations are at Edgewood Arsenal, 20 miles north of Baltimore, Md., and at Lakchurst in the winter resort section of New Jersey. 26 SPECIAL INSIGNIA ADVANCE SEC- SERVICE O? GENERAL HEAD- TION SUPPLY DISTRICT OF QUARTERS Red figure, blue circle S O S in red on blue PARIS Red, white, blue on gray ground Gray on black A TANK SERVICE Upper part yellow lower right blue and left red RAILROAD Letter white, I ini red on black REGULATING STATION Letter white, line yellow .ottt^ r^iPv u^-^pdvtj on black ARTILLERY RESERVE Oozlefinch green, border and track red CHEMICAL WAR- FARE Yellow and blue shield RESERVE MALLET Green ground with yellow figure CAMOUFLAGE Yellow chameleon on black CENTRAL RECORDS OFFICE Gold eagle; red.'white, and blue shield; black ground AMBULANCE White rooster on red 13th ENGINEERS 2d CORPS SCHOOLS , . , , ,,,, . J ., , White ground with red Blue ground, white stars. White ground w.th red ring and blue red castle ring and blue ^,^„g^j letters 27 {ConlinueJ on page 29) OUR ARMY IN PEACE TIMES " We had lost sight — we civilians outside the uniform, of the tremendous potential Value of the Army and the educational institution for training young men to become, not only finished soldiers, but citizens able to earn more and he more after their terms in the Army were finished." — Newton D. Baker, Secretary of War. On August 12, 1919, the War Department authorized publication of the following state- ment by the Secretary of War: Home stations have now been definitely selected, to which the Regular Army divisions that served abroad are being returned for discharge of emergency enlisted men who desire it, recruitment, and reorganization on peace basis. These home stations are: First Division, Camp Taylor, near Louisville, Ky. Second Division, Camp Travis, near San Antonio, Tex. Third Division, Camp Pike, Little Rock, Ark. Fourth Division, Camp Dodge, Des Moines, Iowa. Fifth Division, Camp Gordon, Atlanta, Ga. Sixth Division, Camp Grant, Rockford, 111. Seventh Division, Camp Funston, Fort Riley, Kans. By the last of October the process of actual demobilization will be practically completed in so far as combatant troops are concerned. There will be many details of care and dis- position of surplus property, completing permanent records, looking after the population of the hospitals, that will continue to require the time and attention of many officers and men. But the units of the mobile army which have been overseas will be busied with plans for the future. In these divisional camps, and in the permanent camps in the Southeastern Department and elsewhere, the whole new program of helping the soldier to become a more efficient and useful citizen by reason of his enlistment in the Army will be put into play. Each one of these divisional camps will be a branch of the "university in khaki," as will every other station of a Regular Army unit. As fine a type of young American manhood is now enlist- ing in the Regular Army as ever wore the American uniform. They are going to get out of their enlistment, we hope, a practical benefit that they can turn to use all the rest of their lives. Enlistments for the Regular Army now reach nearly 100,000, and the rate continues at about 5,000 a week. In this work I want to ask the cooperation of the communities where the Regular Army units are stationed. I fear that in the days before the war we had rather fallen into the habit of taking the Regular Army for granted as a permanent police force we could forget about until trouble happened. We had lost sight, we civilians outside the uniform, of the tremendous potential value of the Army as an educational institution for training young men to become, not only finished soldiers, but citizens able to earn more and be more after their terms in the Army were finished. We used to want to persuade all men who enlisted to continue to reenlist and become professional fighting men. There must always be the permanent group of reenlisted men, of course, just as there are always instructors and professors at college. But now, while retaining the training group of commissioned and noncommissioned officers and making their life and pay worth while, we want this group to graduate the majority of the men who enlist back into civil life so much bettered by their service that they can no longer afford to be private soldiers. In this work we need the cooperation of the civilian communities, the constant mindful- ness and helpfulness of the whole citizenship. It is not too much to ask these cities and towns where the Regulars are domiciled to regard the divisional or the regimental camp and the soldier inhabitants as Cambridge regards Harvard, or New Haven regards Yale, or Berkeley regards the University of California, and as all of these college towns regard the students. 28 {Conlinutd on page 30) SPECIAL INSIGNIA— Continued CAMP TANK CORPS PONTAN EGEN Red, yellow, blue POSTAL EXPRESS— Blue with white figure „ . ., ,. . OVERSEAS COURIER-Blue with silver figure ^"^ ^'"^ ^'^"'= ^^"^"^ BANDS AND BANDSMEN The conviction still prevails that the Army must have lots of good music and good mu- sicians. To this end the Army offers many advantages to men of musical talent and tem- perament. Here are some of the opportunities: A choice of 140 bands, in any line branch of the service and in any part of the world; a thorough musical education; a chance to become a band leader; prompt promotion to earnest men; short playing hours; unlimited time for practice; a short enlistment or a life job. It might be interesting to know that some of the highest paid band musicians in America received their musical education in the United States Army. The rates of pay to bandsmen in the United States Army compare favorably with salaries in civilian musical life. -^ ATHLETICS AND AMUSEMENTS Athletics are fostered and encouraged in every branch of the Army. They are com- pulsory in the line branches, and every man is required to participate in some form of recre- ation and muscle building. Hours are set apart on the drill schedules for athletics and physical exercise, and in addition to these ample time is allotted for other recreations and amusements. There are hundreds of baseball, football, and basketball teams in the service. Almost every organization has its teams, and the competition is keen and the play fast. The fields are large and kept in good condition, and the equipment is the best that can be procured. Bowling, soccer, volley ball, and all the minor sports are extensively played and oppor- tunity is given every man to indulge in his favorite amusement. There are company reading rooms, libraries, moving-picture shows, good music, danc- ing, and various amusements at almost every ^ost throughout the Army, and constant efforts are being made to improve and enlarge this field of activities. The importance of recreation — clean, wholesome, health-giving recreation — is nowhere more fully realized than in the United States Army. 29 OUR ARMY IN PEACE TIMES— Continued These young soldiers will be away from their homes, soldier-students who have pledged their services and if need be their lives, in behalf of their country, in return for a pledge of helpful instruction. These communities, even though the high period of war emotion has passed, should make these young soldiers feel that they are remembered and thought for and of, even in these days of peace. They should be welcomed just as the men were wel- comed who came forward for service in 1917 and 1918. The spirit with which they are accepted into these communities will largely shape the spirit of these new wearers of the uniform. The Nation's debt to those splendid units of the Regular Army can never be paid. Each one of them has traditions that should be inspirational in their effect upon the young men who belong to them, working for high standards of service and sound Americanism in the Army and out of it. Let us realize this and show our gratitude by our helpfulness. What I have said about the communities where units of the mobile army are to be applies equally to those communities where other soldiers are going about the irksome tasks of closing up the business of the war that is over. These soldiers, certainly, have the most difficult part to take. Let us not forget them. Let's keep them in mind, cordially and helpfully, through to the end. I would like the citizens in these various communities, through their proper organizations, to take up practically and in consultation with the commanding officers some workable plan of peace-time relation and friendship. Conditions ought to be so arranged that the men who serve in these camps and stations will be glad their training is near such good people and in such kindly surroundings. LIBERAL RETIREMENT PAY Upon the completion of 30 years' service the soldier may retire on three-quarters of the pay he is receiving at the time of his retirement. In addition he will receive ?15.7S, which is the retired soldier's allowance for clothing, subsistence, quarters, fuel, and light. A man who has served the Government as a soldier and is retired has the assurance of these allowances per month as long as he lives, and, besides, his pay in the Army during his service has been increasing, his pay being clear he has undoubtedly saved quite an amount during his 30 years' service, so that when he retires he will have sufficient to enable him to engage in any business, or, if he does not care to engage in business, to do anything he desires. A retired soldier never has to work again unless he wishes to. There are few men who retire with no savings, and not infrequently the savings of soldiers run into the thousands of dollars. A man who entered the Army as a private at the age of 18 years would retire at 48 years of age. Provided he has reached the grade of quartermaster sergeant, senior grade, or corresponding grade in certain other branches, his total retired pay, including allowances, of 390 a month would represent a capital of 3^7,000 drawing interest at 4 per cent. Think what this means — an income for the balance of a sergeant's life of ?90 a month — ■ without saving or investing a dollar. How many men do you know in civil life who at the age of 4S can match their income with that of a sergeant'' s retired pay? Food, quarters, clothing, medical and dental attendance in the Army are absolutely FREE. The cheapest and best life insurance in the world is also offered the soldier at lowest Government cost, besides, he is able to purchase at any time special sales articles or luxuries from commissary sales stores. Should a soldier not desire to follow the service as an occupation after completing his term of enlistment, the training he has received, and such knowledge as he may have gained through Army travel, observation, and experience, will be a valuable asset in helping him to procure lucrative employment in civil life. 30 DECORATIONS ^ The bronze oak leaf cluster is awarded in lieu of a second Medal of Honor, Distinguished Service Cross, or Distinguished Service Medal. CLASPS A bronze star, three-sixteenths of an inch in diameter, will be placed on the service rib- bon for each battle clasp awarded. When an officer or enlisted man has been cited in orders issued from the headquarters of a force commanded by a general officer for gallantry in action not justifying the award of a Medal of Honor, Distinguished Service Cross, or Dis- tinguished Service Medal, he will wear a silver star on the ribbon and on the service rib- bon for each such citation. BATTLE CLASPS 1. To be eligible for a battle clasp the officer or enlisted man must have actually par- ticipated under orders in the engagement. Battle clasps will be awarded for the occupation of a defensive sector and each of the following major operations: CAMBRAI — Between May 12 and December 4, 1917. SOMME DEFENSIVE— Between March 21 and April 6, 1918. LYS— Between April 9 and April 27, 1918. AISNE — On the Chemin des Dames and northeast of Rheims between May 11 and June 5, 1918. MONTDIDIER-NOYON— Between June 9 and June 13, 1918. CHAMPAGNE-]VL\RNE— Between July IS and July 18, 1918. AISNE-MARNE— Between July 18 and August 6, 1918. SOMME OFFENSIVE— Between August 8 and November 11, 1918. ■ OISE-AISNE— Between August 18 and November 11, 1918. YPRES-LYS— Between August 19 and November 11, 1918. ST. MIHIEL— Between September 12 and September 16, 1918. MEUSE-ARGONNE— Between September 26 and November 11, 1918. VITTORIO-VENETO— Between October 24 and November 4, 1918. SERVICE CLASPS 2. Clasps will be awarded to each officer and enlisted man who served overseas and is not entitled to a battle clasp under paragraph 1, as follows: ' FRANCE — For service in France between April 6, 1917, and November 11, 1918. ITALY — For service in Italy between April 6, 1917, and November 11, 1918. SIBERIA — For any service in Siberia. RUSSIA — For any service in European Russia. ENGLAND — For service in England between April 6, 1917, and November 11, 1918. 3 1 (.Continued on page 32) SERVICE CLASPS— Continued The prescribed wound and service chevrons and special individual decorations, such as the Medal of Honor, the Distinguished Service Cross, the Distinguished Service Medal, the Victory Medal, and appropriate ribbon sections, are a part of the uniform. Special indi- vidual decorations from foreign Governments, such as the French Croix de Guerre or similar decorations from other foreign Governments, are authorized. These decorations will be worn as prescribed in Special Regulations No. 41, War Department, 1917. The French shoulder cord known as the Fourragere is, however, a part of the French uniform, and only four American organizations are authorized to wear it — Sanitary Sections 646, 539, and 625, and the One-hundred and Third Aero Squadron. Citations are not sufficient. Special authorization for the Fourragere must come from the French Govern- ment. Such decorations as gold and silver stars on the sleeves, unauthorized campaign ribbons, gold chevrons presumed to denote that the wearer has been a prisoner of war, or denoting any service other than prescribed for such chevrons, are not authorized and will not be permitted. « SOLDIERS PRAISE ARMY SERVICE One way to find out what the enlisted man really things of the Army is to give him a chance to "knochi' to his heart's content without fear of reprimand. An inquiry recently made by the commanding general of one of the largest demobilization camps in the United Stales brought interesting replies. Out of 1,440 questionnaires sent out among enlisted men about to be discharged 89.5 per cent slated in reply that their military training had benefited them personally in one or more Ways. Only 10.5 per cent believed they had not been benefited. It is interesting to note the following extracts from some of the typical answers received: A. "The Army has given me a broader outloo^. One learns to consider the other man as Well as himself. I have never felt better physically in my life. I have straightened up my shoulders, which were bent over, and have got out of the habit of holding at the ground. The Army has taught me when given a job to get it done as quicl^ly as possible and to do it correctly. It has shown me the Value of Wording during WorJ^ing time and using resting lime for rest. I have also learned to k^ep better hours and to appreciate being out in the open air and not staying in all the time." B. "I have a keener sense of duty. I can thinly quicl^er. I have regular habits. I am a better Christian. What I have learned in first aid will enable me to help a friend in time of emergency. When I came into the service I had quite a stomach, but now I am thin around the waist but have a great chest." C. "The greatest benefit was to gel out of the satisfied rut in which I had been living and be made to feel more ambitious and dissatisfied With what I was doing. I consider the mingling of different classes of people in the Army helps them to understand each other much better than could happen otherwise." 32 p D 3 6. THE GUN THAT FIRED THE LAST AMERICAN SHOT IN THE GREAT WORLD WAR. HER NAME IS "CALAMITY JANE" ( 1 1th Field Artillery, Regulars ) ^ A CHANCE FOR YOU— Call at the nearest recruiting office for any special information you desire. Remember this — the Army stands ready to help you. It will pay you to investigate NOW while the best vacancies are open. CALL TO-DAY. Enlistments are being made at "I call a complete and generous education, that which fits a man to perform justly, skillfully, and magnanimously, all the offices, loth private and public, of pzace and War." — John Milton. This Booklet Prepared by Captain Arthur G. Duncan, Q. M. C A G. O. R. S. No. 109— 8-15-19— lOOM. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE ^/2- NEW'EDUCAnON ^ Do you want to see It? I^earn a 'Rade and Live a Strong Heakhfrl,!^! Enlist now-be happy. 1/ou cant heat this Opportunityf V< s * * ' ' o ^°'^^. «^„ * 4 c> .V \.V ^ - " - , * C <^^ c ° " " ■» ■* •^0^ i'-' ►: )BBS BRCTf.LK. IBRARY BINDING C& , INC O ."b^r i-^"' .' aUCUSTINE. fia ''% I ^0 V- ,4 9. \^ .. -^