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MEMOIR 
 
 OF 
 
 SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 • "We are made partakers of Christ, if -we hold the beginning of our confidence stedfast 
 unto the end."— ELEB. iii. 14. 
 
 LONDON: 
 
 WILLIAM AND FREDERICK G. CASH, 
 5, BISHOPSGATE STEEET WITHOUT. 
 
 1855. 
 

 
 LONDON: 
 
 KNIGHT AND SON, PRINTERS, CLERKENWELL CLOSE. 
 
 SO 
 
In presenting the following Memoir to the 
 reader, it is hoped that the example of a per- 
 severing endeavour to serve the Lord Jesus, and 
 the evidence of the sustaining efficacy of faith 
 in Him, will prove a stimulus to the young to 
 surrender themselves to the government of the 
 Prince of Peace ; and also an encouragement to 
 those further advanced in the Christian course, 
 under the conflicts and besetments which may 
 attend them, not to cast away their confidence, 
 tf which hath great recompense of reward." 
 
 K. BACKHOUSE. 
 
 Darlington, 
 
 1855. 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 CHAPTER I. 
 
 1782—1816. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 His Childhood, Youth, and call to the Ministry 1 
 
 CHAPTER II. 
 
 1816—1819. 
 
 Letters from Robert Fowler— Death of his sister R. Sevan, and of 
 his Father — Labours in the work of the Ministry, etc 8 
 
 CHAPTER III. 
 
 1819—1825. 
 
 He quits his Farm and removes to Bristol, where he again 
 engages in business — Death of his Mother — He visits Friends 
 in Wiltshire, with certificate, and travels in France with 
 Robert Fowler— Death of R. Fowler in 1825 22 
 
 CHAPTER IY. 
 
 1825—1829. 
 
 Engaged in putting down the practice of Bull-baiting in the city 
 of Bristol — Visits his relations in the North of England, in a 
 social way — Unites with others in a Religious Visit to the 
 families of Friends in Bristol — Labours for the suppression of 
 a Public Masquerade 31 
 
VI CONTENTS. 
 
 CHAPTER V. 
 
 1829—1834. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Much tried in his business engagements — Labours in the cause 
 of Temperance — Travels in Wiltshire — Attends the Yearly- 
 Meeting — Holds his first tent-meeting , . . . 36 
 
 CHAPTEE VI. 
 
 1834—1838. 
 
 Travels on business in Ireland — Attends the Yearly Meeting 
 there and in London — Holds tent-meetings in the neighbour- 
 hood of Bristol, Bath, etc. — Death of his daughter Rebecca 
 Kidd — Holds meetings in Gloucestershire and Worcestershire 
 — Death of Edward Kidd, jun., and two of his Children — 
 Holds tent-meetings in London 47 
 
 s CHAPTER YIL 
 
 .1838—1841. 
 
 Marriage of one of his Daughters — Resumes his tent-meetings in 
 London — His faith proved by having no means of supporting 
 his Family — Holds meetings in Gloucestershire and Wiltshire, 
 also in Manchester and Liverpool — Illness and death of his 
 son John 69 
 
 CHAPTER YIII. 
 
 1841—1843. 
 
 Labours in Ireland, etc 89 
 
 CHAPTER IX. 
 
 1843, 1844. 
 
 Letters to his Children, etc.— Tent-meetings about Bristol — Yisits 
 the families of Eriends in Birmingham — Death of his eldest 
 Son 120 
 
CONTENTS. Vll 
 
 CHAPTER X. 
 
 1845—1850. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Again visits Ireland— Holds public meetings in Cornwall, etc. — 
 Death of his sister Robson 135 
 
 CHAPTER XI. 
 
 1850,^1851. 
 
 Holds Public Meetings on and near Salisbury Plain — Visits 
 Westmoreland, etc., by appointment of the Yearly Meeting. . . 173 
 
 CHAPTER XII. 
 
 1851, 1852, 
 
 Death of his youngest Son and his Wife — Last labours, and his 
 own Death 199 
 
 A Testimony concerning Samuel Capper 223 
 
MEMOIE 
 
 SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 CHAPTEE I. 
 
 1782-1816. 
 
 HIS CHILDHOOD, YOUTH, AND CALL TO THE MINISTRY. 
 
 Samuel Capper was the son of Jasper and Anne 
 Capper, and was born in London the 2nd of the 3rd 
 month, 1782. 
 
 Eew particulars are preserved of his early life, but 
 it appears that, during his childhood, he gave his 
 parents much uneasiness, especially from his disposi- 
 tion to hide his faults by untruths. 
 
 About the thirteenth year of his age, however, it 
 pleased his heavenly Eather so powerfully to visit him 
 by the Holy Spirit, that he became convinced of his 
 sinful condition, and of his need of deliverance ; and 
 at this period of life, when scarcely emerged from 
 childhood, he was made willing to take upon him the 
 yoke of the Lord Jesus, and to learn of Him ; and it 
 thenceforward became his principal aim to be His 
 faithful disciple. 
 
 Instead of being, as before, impatient of the re- 
 straints laid upon him by his parents, he now was 
 
 B 
 
2 MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 submissive to their wishes, and in many ways helpful 
 to them ; and it was one of his enjoyments to visit 
 and relieve the wants of the poor, by whom he was 
 much beloved. 
 
 As he expressed a desire to be placed in a country 
 situation, a suitable one was found for him in the 
 family of Joseph Naish, a valuable friend, who kept a 
 shop in the village of Congresbury (near Bristol), 
 where he went in the year 1796. 
 
 We have very few notices of his religious experience 
 while a youth, but he appears to have seriously felt 
 this change of circumstance; and he has mentioned 
 that, in the first meeting for worship which he attended, 
 after arriving at Congresbury, he was engaged in silent 
 supplication to be preserved from evil, and rightly 
 directed as to his conduct in life. We have good 
 reason to believe that these secret exercises of his soul 
 were graciously regarded, for he grew in grace as he ad- 
 vanced in years. May this prove an inducement to the 
 young thus to dedicate themselves in their early days ! 
 
 Before leaving his home, Samuel Capper had formed 
 a close friendship with John Whiting, afterwards of 
 Hitchen, with whom he corresponded. The following 
 extracts from two of his letters will show the state 
 of his mind when little more than fourteen years 
 of age : — 
 
 " Congresbury, 29, 5 mo. 1796. 
 
 Dear John, — Though I have not written to thee, 
 I have not forgotten thee. I find that the Christian 
 warfare is a continual one ; for, since I am eased of 
 the burden which I was under when at home, and 
 
MEMOIR OP SAMUEL CAPPEE. 3 
 
 settled in a family where there are few temptations 
 from without, I find so much inclination to levity that 
 I can hardly withstand; yet, through the abundant 
 goodness of the Lord, I sometimes meet with a brook 
 by the way, to strengthen and refresh me. I am sur- 
 prised that the hand of mercy should yet be extended 
 to me. 
 
 Congreshury, 30, 10 mo. 1796. 
 
 Deae John, — I labour under great trial; for the 
 enemy of our souls, who knows the sins which will 
 most easily beset, is very busy to draw off my atten- 
 tion, when I am set down to worship the Author of 
 all good ; and so these opportunities, which would I 
 trust otherwise prove salutary, are rendered dry and 
 lifeless. At other times, out of meetings, when I am 
 favoured with the Divine presence, I make resolutions 
 like this — c O Lord ! if thou wilt help me next time, I 
 will keep up the watch ;' but, when the time comes, 
 the enemy comes in like a flood, and overwhelms me ; 
 and I come away in heaviness. Another temptation 
 I have been favoured, of late, to overcome more than 
 heretofore ; yet I am afraid of boasting, knowing my 
 own weakness, and the craftiness of the enemy; and 
 I think that I write in humility and fear, And now, 
 dear John, though I feel my inability to advise or 
 encourage, yet I think I may say that, on reading thy 
 letter, it struck me that this state of trial may be 
 blest. It is written, i I will allure her into the wilder- 
 ness, and will speak comfortably to her.' Xow the 
 day of our alluring is past, and the day of proving is 
 come ; therefore let us wait patiently for the arising 
 
4 MEMOIR Or SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 of Him who is ' mighty to save and able to deliver ;' 
 for I really believe He will arise in his own time, and 
 make bare his arm for our deliverance. In a fresh 
 sense of His love, which I think I feel extended to 
 thee at this time, as well as to many others, I con- 
 clude, and am, in much affection, 
 
 Samuel Capper." 
 
 During his apprenticeship, he conducted himself so 
 as to obtain the love and esteem of his employer, to 
 whose youngest daughter, Elizabeth, he formed an 
 attachment, and they were married in the early part 
 of the year 1803. 
 
 He commenced business as a draper in Bristol, and 
 had a flourishing trade ; but he was brought into so 
 much exercise of mind by the consideration that he 
 was deriving pecuniary profit from the sale of things 
 which fed the vain mind in others, that he became 
 dissatisfied with his engagement, and concluded to 
 look out for a farm— agriculture being a pursuit which 
 he preferred, both from judgment and inclination. 
 
 His mother, while on a visit to him in 1808, made 
 the following remarks, among her private memoranda : 
 
 " 1808, 10 mo. 27. Much pleased with my simple- 
 hearted son Samuel ; both by his appearance and by 
 his desire to be exactly what he ought to be. 
 
 28. "Went to see a place to which he wishes to 
 remove ; with thirty-eight acres of land and a very 
 poor house. Though I was obliged to tell my dear 
 Samuel that I could not approve of it, I do earnestly 
 desire that, in due time, some way may open for him 
 to be relieved from dealing in the vanities of this life. 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 5 
 
 I desire to be brought into near feeling with him, for 
 I see he is low." 
 
 His affectionate mother's desires for him were soon 
 after granted, as "Wm. Powell, of 2fursteed, near 
 Devizes, agreed to let him a farm, and to build a 
 house on it for him. 
 
 He accordingly removed, with his family, into "Wilt- 
 shire in 1809. He greatly enjoyed the change of 
 employment, which however he soon found was in 
 danger of occupying too much of his attention, and 
 thereby, in some measure, diverting him from seeking 
 "first the kingdom of God and the righteousness 
 thereof." To this snare his eyes were more fully 
 opened by a visit from his sister Rebecca Bevan, who 
 was liberated by her monthly meeting, early in 1812, 
 for religious service in Wiltshire ; and who, in the 
 course of her communication in the little meeting at 
 Devizes, quoted the following verses, from the second 
 chapterof Ecclesiasticus, which were powerfully brought 
 home to his heart : — 
 
 " 1. My son, if thou come to serve the Lord, pre- 
 pare thy soul for temptation. 
 
 2. Set thy heart aright, and constantly endure, 
 and make not haste in time of trouble. 
 
 3. Cleave unto Him, and depart not away, that 
 thou mayst be increased at thy last end. 
 
 4. "Whatsoever is brought upon thee, take cheer- 
 fully, and be patient, when thou art changed to a low 
 estate. 
 
 5. For gold is tried in the fire, and acceptable 
 men in the furnace of adversity. 
 
b MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 6. Believe Him, and He will help thee ; order thy 
 way aright, and trust in Him." 
 
 In allusion to this, he thus wrote to one of his 
 sisters : — 
 
 " Fotterne Farm, 17, 3 mo. 1812. 
 .... It is not usual for me to communicate any of 
 the feelings which I experience, but I am inclined to 
 say that my sister Bevan's visit has produced a humi- 
 liating sensation in my mind, which still attends it ; 
 being convinced that a closer attention to my inward 
 Guide would not have suffered me to remain in my 
 present dwarfish state." 
 
 Samuel Capper had long had an apprehension that 
 he should be called to the work of the ministry ; he 
 had experienced some of the needful preparatory bap- 
 tisms, and now, in afresh yielding his heart to the 
 operation of the Holy Spirit, while he was humbled 
 and brought low under a sense of his own insufficiency 
 for so important a work, his faith was strengthened in 
 the power and goodness of Him who only could give 
 the essential qualification. 
 
 In obedience to the call, he first spoke as a minister 
 in the year 1813. He soon after became concerned 
 for the spiritual welfare of those employed on the 
 farm, whom he was accustomed to collect, to read 
 the Scriptures, etc., to them ; some of which occasions 
 proved deeply interesting. 
 
 The distresses of those engaged in agriculture, about 
 this time, were great ; and, his family being already 
 large, it was no small trial to him to be thus circum- 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 7 
 
 stanced; but the waves of affliction were not per- 
 mitted to overwhelm him, although his difficulties in- 
 duced him to think seriously of going to America. 
 In the midst of his perplexities, he was not unmindful 
 of the great business of life, and writes thus to two 
 of his sisters : — 
 
 "Potteme Farm, 10, 2 mo. 1816. 
 My yert dear sisters E. Bevax akd K. C. — 
 
 Your affectionate letter came to hand to-day. I 
 think I can rejoice when any are anointed for service ; 
 and, perhaps, this is as high a feeling as any that I 
 have been favoured with of late. However, we know 
 that, when the heart is stayed upon the only Source 
 of good, there is often an unexpected watering season ; 
 and I might be encouraged by this reflection, if I did 
 not know that my mind is not so preserved. I believe 
 it is best for me to have but little enjoyment of Divine 
 favour. Perhaps I may have prized sensible enjoy- 
 ment more highly than the blessing of knowing that 
 the work of purification was proceeding. 
 
 It would, my dear Rebecca, be extremely satisfac- 
 tory to me to know how thou feelst, after thy arduous 
 engagement is closed. # Thy kind few lines were re- 
 freshing to me, as I find by them that I am not a 
 solitary instance of frequently, after having done what 
 seemed to be required, being insensible of the incomes 
 of peace, and only just feeling that I have not done 
 wrong. I am, my dear sisters, with much love, which 
 I am thankful to feel, your affectionate brother." 
 
 * Visiting the families of Devonshire House meeting, with Susanna 
 Home. 
 
CHAPTER II. 
 
 1816—1819. 
 
 LETTERS PROM ROBERT FOAVLER — DEATH OF HIS SISTER R. BE VAN, 
 AND OF HIS FATHER — LABOURS IN THE WORE. OF THE MINIS- 
 TRY, ETC. 
 
 Samuel Capper was acknowledged as a minister of 
 the gospel, in 1817, by the monthly meeting of Friends 
 of Wiltshire ; and he soon believed himself called 
 upon to travel in that character. He had a kind and 
 experienced friend and counsellor in Eobert Fowler, 
 of Melksham, to whom he unfolded some of his 
 exercises, and from whose letters extracts will be 
 given. It is believed that Samuel Capper destroyed 
 his own letters, on their being returned to him after 
 E. Fowler's death. 
 
 ROBERT FOWLER TO S. CAPPER. 
 
 "Melksham, 18, 10 mo. 1817. 
 Dear Friend, — As the subject which thou hinted 
 to me has drawn my attention, and raised an affec- 
 tionate solicitude, it may be a relief to myself by a 
 few lines to show that I feel, and desire to feel, sym- 
 pathy with thee. I have pondered thy outward situa- 
 tion ; and, though few and limited may have been the 
 opportunities afforded of proving the gift bestowed, I 
 believe they have not been without profit ; for I am 
 persuaded that, as through watchfulness the mind is 
 preserved within the sacred enclosure, and 6 the boar 
 
MEMOIR OP SAMUEL CAPPEE. V 
 
 out of the wood' kept from wasting it, thus stedfastly 
 looking to the Lord, nourishment is received, and a 
 growth follows, though it may be wholly imperceptible 
 to ourselves ; as surely follows as do the dews of the 
 night surely contribute, with the rays of the sun, to 
 promote the maturity of the plant, in the outward 
 creation ; and, though the branches may not appear 
 to enlarge, yet the root is extending ; for, whilst there 
 is life in the root, growth in some part will be going 
 forward, or the plant be under preparation for it. It 
 seems to me that it would be as reasonable to look 
 for a stop to vegetation, while full degrees of heat and 
 moisture are afforded, as to think that the ' Plant of 
 Renown' ceases to grow, whilst it continues under 
 the ' shadow of the Almighty,' because the branches 
 do not appear to spread. The winter season, which I 
 suppose for a time checks the growth, prepares the 
 plant for increased energy ; and I do believe that thy 
 (in part) sequestered lot, as thy conflicts are rightly 
 endured, will, under the preparing hand, conduce to 
 future strength. Thou wilt possibly plead the want 
 of qualification for so important an engagement as 
 that of an t ambassador for Christ,' beseeching others 
 to be reconciled to God. The instance of the widow 
 of one of the prophets, who came to Elisha, has much 
 instruction in it ; and, to a mind tried by spiritual 
 want, may have much encouragement. She had a 
 debt to pay, and she appeared not to have anything 
 wherewith she could pay it ; yet, under the Divine 
 blessing, a pot of oil was made sufficient to discharge 
 all the debt. In this day, wherein the church has 
 
10 MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPEE. 
 
 known so many of its pillars removed, those who seek 
 her support must be solicitous for the preservation of 
 her borders. Mayst thou, dear friend, be resigned as 
 an instrument in the Divine hand ; and, being built 
 up thereby on the ground upon which these pillars 
 stood, mayst thou become one to go no more out! 
 Perhaps it is proper that I should apologize for the 
 freedom of these remarks ; I think I cannot do it 
 better than by repeating the assurance that I nearly 
 sympathize with thee. Thy affectionate friend, 
 
 EOBERT FOWLEE." 
 
 Samuel Capper obtained a certificate for visiting 
 the meetings of Friends in Somersetshire, etc., but, 
 before he set out, he was called to attend the inter- 
 ment of his beloved sister Rebecca Bevan, who, after 
 a suffering illness, was taken from her young family. 
 He thus writes to one of his sisters, who, for a short 
 time, undertook the charge of them : — 
 
 " Potterne Farm, 22, 11 mo. 1817. 
 My beloved Sistee, — I think I can truly say 
 that both my wife and I are brought into sympathy 
 with thee ; for, under thy circumstances, almost every 
 object must recal thy loss ; and, much as we may and 
 I trust do rejoice in her glorious and eternal change, 
 yet we shall still feel ; and I believe it is good for us 
 so to do. Thou hast judged rightly of my state. I 
 am as poor as any one can be, and not without many 
 temptations, which I believe it is best not to say 
 much about. I go in faith, for I have no sight but 
 the duty of going ; and I trust, however mortifying it 
 
MEMOIR OP SAMUEL CAPPER. 11 
 
 may prove to rne, that my desire for preservation may 
 be graciously answered. Wm. Powell has been as 
 kind as if he had been my father. My dear love to 
 my brother Bevan, and to dear little Mary. 
 
 Taunton, 8, 12 mo. 1817. 
 My dear Sister, — I scarcely know what to tell 
 thee, and thou knowst how subject we are to vicissi- 
 tudes of feeling, at such times as this. My brother 
 Jos. F. Gundry is with me, having kindly offered his 
 company, and I may acknowledge that we have cause 
 humbly to think that we have been graciously helped 
 and condescended to. I feel myself to be but a child 
 in this important work, yet something of the necessity 
 seems laid upon me ; even the woe, if I do not, in my 
 small measure, preach the gospel. Our late dear 
 sister is often mentioned with affectionate regret." 
 
 About this time his wife became indisposed, and 
 while she was from home for the re-establishment of 
 her health, he wrote as follows to her : — 
 
 "Fotteme Farm, 12, 2 mo. 1818. 
 
 My beloved Elizabeth, — As I have been sitting 
 alone, I have thought that we ought to receive even 
 these dispensations with thankfulness ; for they should 
 contribute (as I believe they are intended to do) to 
 our more close union with our dear Redeemer, and 
 establishment upon Him ; and, if this should be the 
 case, we shall indeed have cause to rejoice ; for, as we 
 advance in the experience of his gracious dealings, we 
 shall be more and more bound together, in a conformity 
 with his blessed example. Thine, S. C." 
 
12 MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 His wife's health being restored, lie left home, in 
 order to attend the yearly meeting, and sends her the 
 following memoranda during his absence : — 
 
 " Tottenham, 21, 5 mo. 1818. 
 
 My dear Elizabeth, — It was concluded to set 
 "William Eickman at liberty for visiting Friends in 
 North America. I dined in Mildred Court, with the 
 three Elizabeth Erys, Jos. J. Gurney, his sister 
 Priscilla, Mary Proud, Joseph Storrs, etc. Here I 
 have been much affected with the sense of the loss of 
 our dear sister, who is greatly missed. I feel much 
 for her husband, but I desire to bow to the Divine will, 
 and to believe that the stroke was in wisdom. And 
 now, my dear E., I wish to add the expression of my 
 near affection for thee, and of solicitude that, if right, 
 thou mayst be favoured with health ; and that we may 
 be preserved in simple dependence on Christ, without 
 being disposed too much to consider outward things. 
 
 Stoke JSTewington, 22nd. I was at "Westminster 
 meeting. Eichard Phillips was eminently favoured; 
 it seemed as if his cup was running over. I dined 
 with him, and we had much instructive conversation. 
 
 27th. At John Sanderson's, Hannah Eield ad- 
 dressed parents encouragingly ; also those engaged in 
 the ministry ; and Eachel Eowler addressed me, ex- 
 pressing a desire that I might not be discouraged, and 
 assuring me that I had the unity of the brethren. 
 
 29th. I went into the women's yearly meeting, 
 with Isaac Stephenson, Eichard Phillips, ¥m. Grover, 
 and James Hack. I have only time to say farewell. 
 
 Thine, S. C." 
 
MEMOIR Or SAMUEL CAPPEE. 13 
 
 As Samuel Capper did not keep a journal at this 
 period of his life, we avail ourselves of extracts from 
 his correspondence. 
 
 The following letter from Robert Fowler to him is 
 a touching specimen of humility and condescension, 
 in one who was truly a father in the church toward a 
 younger brother : — 
 
 " Melksham, 14, 9 mo. 1818. 
 
 Dear fklekd Samuel Cappek, — I am afraid that 
 thou hast not so fully relieved thy mind, this after- 
 noon, as would have been desirable to thy friends, and 
 might have left thee without a sense of any remaining 
 debt ; for I think thy communication carried with it 
 an evidence that, like the apostle, thou wast ( a debtor 
 both to the wise and to the unwise. 5 Reverting to 
 the supposed omission of a full discharge of duty, let 
 us a little consider what could give rise to it. Was it 
 that I occupied some portion of time which should 
 have been thine ? If it has been so, I desire that it 
 may prove an instructive memento to me. I have 
 often found that it requires deep watchfulness, to step 
 forward at the right time after the seal is opened, and 
 to stand still when it is Divinely shut. In seeking 
 after this high attainment, I believe many, who have 
 long been following Him who continues to sustain the 
 gracious character of counsellor, can say, ' Not as though 
 I had already attained.' Notwithstanding this may 
 appear 'an hard saying,' yet, dear friend, I believe 
 thou and I may both derive encouragement from re- 
 membering that, although those who are upright in 
 their intentions may fall seven times, yet, as they put 
 
14 MEMOIR OP SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 their trust in the Lord, they will be permitted to rise ; 
 yea, will be lifted up again." 
 
 The health of S. C.'s father, Jasper Capper, was 
 now sensibly declining, and he writes to his sister : — 
 
 "Potterne Farm, 7, 10 mo. 1818. 
 
 My Dear, — A very affectionate letter from my 
 mother yesterday in degree relieved us from anxiety 
 on our dear father's account, though we still feel very 
 nearly both with him and you. I find that he is, at 
 times, much tried by a want of that sense of accept- 
 ance with which I trust he will be favoured. How 
 many probations and reductions we need, before we 
 are fitted for that glorious change which I have no 
 doubt will, through redeeming mercy, be his experience, 
 whenever it pleases the Lord to draw the curtain on 
 his earthly habitation ! May we all be favoured to 
 wait our change with an equal degree of resignation 
 and humility ! I should have written to my mother, 
 but considered that thou couldst convey the contents 
 of this at a time when her spirits may be able to bear 
 it. It may not be right to disturb my father with 
 our concerns, respecting which, of course, thou wilt 
 use thy own judgment. It may seem extraordinary 
 to you that I have not thought of paying you a visit, 
 but thou wilt readily conceive that the momentous 
 concern, to me, of appointing a public meeting renders 
 me unfit for anything more than a sincere and lively 
 sympathy with each of you. I am introduced according 
 to my measure, I trust, into a baptism of spirit by 
 the prospect. The meeting is to be with the inhabit- 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPEE. 15 
 
 ants of a village called Seend. I am sure you will 
 feel for me, for I do sincerely believe that it is hardly 
 possible for a more unqualified instrument to be made 
 use of on such an occasion. I could not, if I would, 
 describe the state of my mind under these circum- 
 stances ; but may say, that I mostly seem to be all 
 poverty and weakness. Wm. Powell is increasingly 
 tender and sympathizing as an elder ; his conduct and 
 conversation frequently remind me of the words, ' All 
 the days of my appointed time will I wait, until 
 my change come.' I believe he has been favoured of 
 late with an increase of sanctincation, in which blessed 
 experience I wish we may all be his companions. 
 
 Thy affectionate brother, S. C." 
 
 E. FOWLER TO S. C. 
 
 "Melksham> 12, 10 mo. 1818. 
 
 My deae Feiend,— Thy letter came to my dear 
 E. TVs hand in my absence. The subject which thou 
 hast laid before us is an important one, and has 
 interested our feelings ; for it is important to invite 
 our fellow-pilgrims to sit down with us in a religious 
 assembly, especially in places where, as a collective 
 body, we are but little known. I say not this with any 
 view to discourage thee in the discharge of religious 
 duty ; but seeing that it is a solemn engagement, I 
 thus convey our feelings and sympathy. 
 
 "When the prospect of religious duties is opened, 
 the mind may be permitted to feel them, while in 
 a state comparable to the fleece which Gideon put on 
 the floor, that was filled with dew ; a deep sense of the 
 
16 MEMOIR OE SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 excellence and purity of the Divine Nature being 
 spread over it, wherein the call may be extended to 
 those who are wandering on the dark mountains of a 
 high profession without humility, or to others who 
 are walking in the broad way. As the mind continues 
 in watchfulness and patient waiting, it is also, at 
 seasons, permitted to feel the evidence confirmed when 
 brought into a state of spiritual poverty and reduction, 
 which may fitly be compared to the fleece when dry ; 
 in these is safety. May every requisite confirming 
 evidence be granted thee, my dear friend, consistent 
 with the faith which finally overcomes ; and mayst 
 thou be favoured to dwell in patience, looking unto 
 the Lord for counsel, and waiting to see whether, like 
 Abraham's great offering, the will be accepted, or 
 whether the sacrifice of full obedience be finally re- 
 quired. Thy affectionate friend, E. Fowler." 
 
 "We have already met with an evidence of Chris- 
 tian interest for the souls of those among whom 
 he dwelt, in the care of the subject of this memoir 
 toward his farm servants ; an example which may 
 well be commended to those similarly situated. 
 
 As he abode under those baptisms which are graci- 
 ously allotted to such as are called to the ministry of 
 the gospel, he felt attracted to the agricultural popula- 
 tion of the neighbourhood ; to invite them to assemble 
 for the worship of God, after the simple way observed 
 in our own religious Society. He was discouraged by 
 a sense of his weakness and inexperience, but a 
 companion in the work being unexpectedly furnished, 
 
MEMOIR Or SAMUEL CAPPER. 17 
 
 he was strengthened to engage in it, as appears by 
 
 the following : — 
 
 "Potterne Farm, 11, 12 mo. 1818. 
 
 Mr dear Sister, — There is no doubt in my mind 
 that thou feelst very much for me ; and I believe that, 
 if ever any poor creature was deserving of sympathy, 
 I am ; for no one, I should think, could apprehend 
 anything to be required, of the qualification to perform 
 which they felt more destitute. 
 
 We have had a very acceptable visit from dear 
 Sylvanus Fox, and I do believe that he is eminently 
 anointed for the service in which he is engaged. I 
 wish I could feel myself to be so. He is travelling 
 with a certificate, authorizing him to hold public 
 meetings. The prospect, which is now under the 
 consideration of my friends, has been mentioned to 
 him, and I believe that he feels bound in his mind to 
 attend the meetings. Thou wilt think these things 
 extraordinary, and so do I ; and, if the precious cause 
 of truth do not suffer, I believe I shall be very 
 thankful. Thou wilt not expect me to say much, for 
 I am as poor as I ever felt. I shall be much pleased 
 to hear of our dear father's health, etc. Thy affec- 
 tionate brother." 
 
 R. FOWLER TO S. C. 
 
 " Melksham, 12, 12 mo. 1818. 
 
 Dear Erie:n t d, — The receipt of thine is a release 
 
 to my mind ; a release, in that I had feared that thou 
 
 wouldst permit conflict and discouragement to do more 
 
 than their proper business. I am truly glad that 
 
18 MEMOIR Or SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 S. Fox is in our borders ; for, as regards myself, I 
 seem to be in that state which neither renders me able 
 nor fit to open the smallest gate into the field of 
 labour ; comparable to a vessel that is out of use, and 
 is laid aside with its mouth downward, to prevent its 
 receiving anything improper. The first prospect of 
 the meetings which are pending sank me still lower ; 
 but I hope a way will now be made, and that they 
 will be held to the honour of the great cause." 
 
 There is reason to believe that this hope was fulfilled, 
 and that Samuel Capper's mind was much relieved. 
 
 About this time he was brought into fresh trial 
 respecting his farm ; produce selling at such ruinous 
 prices that he scarcely knew which way to act. In 
 one of his letters to his youngest brother, he speaks 
 of his thoughts being turned toward America ; but he 
 subsequently writes as follows : — 
 
 "Potterne Farm, 20, 6 mo. 1819. 
 
 My dear John, — I think that, if any light has 
 arisen in my mind, it points toward remaining ; — but 
 I also think that I am willing to act as may be judged 
 best by others. I am not desirous of encountering 
 difficulties ; but, if I were obliged to do it, I hope I 
 should be favoured with patience, fortitude, and per- 
 severance. I allude to crossing the Atlantic. I tell 
 my boys that I intend to make them do some of my 
 haymaking, which is just beginning. I do not know 
 that we are much less cheerful than usual, as we have 
 long felt our situation very much." 
 
MEMOIR OP SAMUEL CAPPER. 19 
 
 Again we find S. C. travelling, and holding public 
 meetings ; as appears by the following to his wife : — 
 
 " Tewkesbury, 28, 8 mo. 1819. 
 
 Mr dear Elizabeth, — I rode here yesterday morn- 
 ing before meeting, and I may say that I never sat 
 down in one with more feeling of entire unfitness 
 for the service. I had not, however, sat long before 
 something opened on my mind, in expressing which I 
 felt relief. My companion, "Win. Gun dry, was more 
 largely engaged, in an edifying manner, after which I 
 thought it right to offer supplication. I feel unusually 
 poor and stripped, which, with the prospect of a public 
 meeting at Cheltenham to-morrow, is not pleasing 
 to my natural inclination ; but I do feel some degree 
 of confidence that we shall be helped, and a hope that 
 the truth may not suffer through us. My dear love 
 to the children ; I hope their conduct will be a com- 
 fort to thee, and not increase thy care during my 
 absence." 
 
 "Potteme Farm, 7, 9 nio. 1819. 
 
 My dear Sister, — I returned home with a greater 
 degree of peace than it is often my lot to feel. We at- 
 tended the meetings of Friends in Gloucestershire, and 
 had a public meeting at Cheltenham, and a large one 
 at Dursley. I need not tell thee that these movements 
 were not made without close exercise of mind, nor do 
 I think that such should ever be made without it. 
 I feel a hope that no harm has arisen to the cause 
 which we wished to advance. Thy report of our dear 
 mother's health is not very encouraging. I hope this 
 
20 MEMOIR OP SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 little account will give her pleasure, for I know that 
 the prosperity of the truth is near her heart, and 
 therefore these things must be interesting." 
 
 TO HIS BROTHER JOHN. 
 
 " Potterne Farm, 11, 10 mo. 1819. 
 .... I was glad to see thy kind letter, and have, 
 for some time, been satisfied that I shall not readily 
 leave this country. My reason for not writing to my 
 father is a wish that thou mayst have it in thy power 
 to take a suitable opportunity of speaking to him on 
 my affairs." 
 
 His father became so ill about this time, that he 
 paid him a visit, much to the comfort of both ; but 
 they felt the parting acutely, as J. C. was evidently 
 near his end. He expired on the 24th of 12 mo., and 
 S. C. attended the interment on the 31st. The next 
 
 dav he wrote as follows to his wife : — 
 
 »' 
 
 " Stoke Newington, 1, 1 mo. 1820. 
 My dear Elizabeth, — Yesterday morning we con- 
 templated, for the last time, the sweet features of 
 our honoured and beloved parent. After about an 
 hour of solemn silence, we proceeded to Winchmore 
 Hill. Our dear mother bore the ride wonderfully, 
 and we found a meeting-house, I believe, filled with 
 those who loved and mourned the late object of our 
 affection. The meeting was a very solemn one ; every 
 one present appeared impressed; and, although we 
 were sensible of a deep wound, and a tender sorrow, 
 yet the persuasion of the blessed and glorious change 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 21 
 
 which was his experience seemed to prevail over all 
 other feelings. At the grave, our dear mother knelt 
 and gave thanks that her strongest earthly tie was 
 broken. It was very affecting, but she was greatly 
 supported. After tea a very comfortable religious 
 opportunity occurred, in which Ann Crowley's testi- 
 mony was extraordinary, as regards our dear mother ; 
 for she said that she had an evidence that, after a 
 few more trials and a little more affliction, she would 
 be received into glory. The evening closed as quietly, 
 and as comfortably, as such an evening could close. 
 
 Thine, S. C." 
 
CHAPTEE III. 
 
 1819—1825. 
 
 HE QUITS HIS FARM AND REMOVES TO BRISTOL, WHERE HE AGAIN 
 ENGAGES IN BUSINESS — DEATH OE HIS MOTHER— HE VISITS 
 FRIENDS IN WILTSHIRE, WITH CERTIFICATE, AND TRAVELS IN 
 FRANCE WITH ROBERT FOWLER — DEATH OF R. FOWLER IN 1825. 
 
 His mother was very desirous that he should relin- 
 quish his farm, and turn his attention to something 
 else ; and an opening, in a business in Bristol, provi- 
 dentially occurring about this time, he availed himself 
 of it ; but it cost him much to give up his favourite 
 avocation, and he was very low in the prospect of 
 making the change. He returned to Bristol after an 
 absence of about eight years, with a family of nine 
 children. 
 
 The portion of his life passed at Potterne was 
 certainly very interesting, and some of his children 
 have the most endearing recollections of him while 
 there; and of the delightful times of reading the 
 Bible to him in the evenings and on first-days. They 
 also read the history of our Society, etc.; and one of 
 them remarks that she has no doubt that it laid 
 the foundation for attachment to it, as they were 
 thoroughly instructed in its principles. She adds, 
 that his own example in the daily occurrences of life 
 was such as was not likely ever to be forgotten. 
 Thus did this lowly Christian, even when comparatively 
 
MEMOIR OE SAMUEL CAPPEE. 23 
 
 young, preach by his watchful, circumspect walk, and 
 by his private labours in his family, as well as in public 
 by word and doctrine. He never sought great things, 
 either for himself or his children ; and he was never 
 permitted to possess much of this world's goods : on 
 the contrary, he had mostly to struggle with adver- 
 sity ; but he believed that it was the food convenient 
 for him, and he received it with cheerfulness. His 
 nature being social, open, and generous, he would 
 have delighted in having to bestow, instead of to 
 receive ; but, seeing that this was not the Divine will 
 concerning him, he submitted with true Christian 
 meekness. His confidence in the Lord throughout 
 was conspicuous, and very instructive ; and it is com- 
 forting to remember that his last days were free from 
 toil and solicitude as to outward things, and that he 
 was able to enjoy devoting his time to the service of 
 his Lord. 
 
 The sudden change from outdoor pursuits to con- 
 finement in a city, at first considerably affected his 
 health, which he thus describes in a letter to his 
 brother : — 
 
 "Bristol, 31, 5 mo. 1821. 
 
 Mi dear John, — Thy kind and affectionate letter 
 was very acceptable, and seems to call upon me to 
 inform thee that I am now well ; owing chiefly, if not 
 entirely, to the kindness of my friend Thomas Stock, 
 who came on some trust business to breakfast with 
 me ; and, seeing me in so relaxed a state, insisted on 
 the absolute necessity of horse exercise ; and, to leave 
 me without excuse, sent a horse to his own stable in 
 
24 MEMOIE OF SAMUEL CAPPEE. 
 
 town, to remain there, on the condition that I keep it 
 exercised. So I ride out every morning ; but I must 
 not long submit to his doing so, though I believe that 
 in some way or other horse exercise I must have. 
 I am more charmed with the scenery around than 
 ever before." 
 
 His mother's death took place, after a long confine- 
 ment, on the 19th of 11 mo. 1821, and he attended 
 the interment, to the great comfort of the family. 
 
 During the next year, Samuel Capper appears to 
 have been again engaged in religious service ; visiting 
 the meetings and families of Friends in "Wiltshire. 
 "Whilst on this journey he writes to his wife : — 
 
 "Melksham, 13, 3 mo. 1823. 
 My dear Elizabeth, — Yesterday those weighty 
 concerns of which thou hast been informed were 
 brought forward, and awakened a deep feeling, under 
 which the meeting appeared to travail in an unusual 
 manner. I spent much of the afternoon in translating 
 Robert Fowler's certificate, etc. I have since sat with 
 his family, Cos. Maria Simpson's, etc., and must con- 
 fess that, notwithstanding my incapacity for such 
 concerns, I have been graciously helped to relieve my 
 mind ; and I do hope that the openings which I have 
 had have not been without their impression on the 
 minds of the visited. Certain I am that I have been 
 deeply affected myself. My present plan is to spend 
 first-day here, and see the Friends of Trowbridge, etc. 
 Thv affectionate husband.'* 
 
31EM0IR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 2o 
 
 The certificate here alluded to, for Eobert Fowler, 
 was one setting him at liberty for religious service in 
 France. He proposed to Samuel Capper to accom- 
 pany him in the journey, but he did not feel that it 
 was his place so to do at that time. Eobert Fowler 
 passed many weeks in Paris during the summer of 
 this year, but not finding his mind relieved, he retained 
 his certificate, and returned to Paris in the spring of 
 1824, whence he writes to Samuel Capper : — 
 
 "Paris, 8, 5 mo. 1824. 
 
 .... This city abounds with foreigners, many of 
 them English, who have been here for some time ; 
 probably not to their own advantage, nor to that of 
 England. I can see only one advantage to the 
 British nation from the present free intercourse, a 
 conciliation of feeling toward each other, which may 
 tend to the preservation of peace. A breach between 
 the nations would be manifestly detrimental to the 
 internal wealth of France. 
 
 Thou wilt probably expect me to say a little about 
 myself: I have little to say. Xo duty appears to 
 open, at present, except the one of being willing 
 silently to suffer : and I am ready to think that every 
 serious and reflecting mind must suffer, on seeing the 
 affinity to that Athenian inscription, which the apostle 
 found on one of their altars ; for, although the present 
 are not times of equal outward ignorance, yet sorrow 
 must clothe the mind, under a fear that many are 
 practically showing forth the import of the declaration, 
 ( AYe have not so much as heard that there is an Holy 
 
26 MEMOIR OP SAMUEL CAPPEE. 
 
 Ghost.' May the day be hastened wherein the people 
 may be availingly pointed to its Divine efficacy ! 
 
 Thy affectionate friend, Robert Fowler." 
 
 During this interval, it appears that Samuel Capper 
 had been passing through baptisms of spirit designed 
 as a preparation for accompanying Robert Fowler to 
 the South of France ; for which purpose he obtained 
 a certificate from his friends. His brother John C. 
 went with him to Paris, where they found R. Fowler, 
 and he and S. C. proceeded together. 
 
 EXTRACTS FROM S. C.'S LETTERS AND DIARY. 
 
 TO JOHN C. 
 
 " Congenies, 17, 7 mo. 1824. 
 
 My dear Brother, — I believe if thou knew the 
 state I am in from the heat, thou wouldst be sensible 
 that it requires a degree of fortitude which every one 
 does not possess to attempt anything but reclining. 
 I rose at five this morning, and at six sat down to 
 write ; but such was the heat, that, with the window 
 open and wooden shutters nearly shut, the flies almost 
 prevented me. The people left the vineyards at half- 
 past ten, the heat being insupportable. Standing on 
 the ground seems like standing on burning embers. 
 Our sail down the Saone and Rhone was gratifying to 
 me. Thy great kindness in coming to Paris with me 
 I often remember with affection and gratitude. I 
 wish that my natural inclination to treat others as I 
 wish to be treated did not lead me to be content with 
 the fulness of my feelings, without saying much. My 
 dear love to my sister ; I hope she will feel assured 
 
MEMOIR OP SAMUEL CAPPER. 27 
 
 that thou wast a great help and comfort to me. I 
 almost wish thou wast here, as I dread the task of 
 interpreting, I think, more than anything else." 
 
 DIARY. 
 
 " 7 mo. 19. Yesterday, being first-day, we were at 
 meeting. I thought it my place to speak first, which 
 I did in French with less difficulty than I expected : 
 after which I interpreted for E. E. 
 
 7 mo. 20. "We yesterday visited eight families, I 
 hope not without Divine assistance ; for, without this, 
 nothing of the kind can be properly performed. Our 
 friends understand Trench but imperfectly, # which is 
 a great difficulty. Congenies reminds me of the houses 
 of the poor at Potterne. 
 
 21. Four laborious visits, in which I think I was 
 more sensible than ever before of the help of the Holy 
 Spirit. "While we were at supper, Lydia M. discovered 
 a beautiful large scorpion on the wall. 
 
 26. We came to JN"ismes, where we wait for Louis 
 Majolier. I can scarcely express the love that I feel 
 for him and his family, nor the earnestness of my de- 
 sire for their happiness ; and that, by submission to 
 the operation of the Lord's power, they may become 
 instruments of good to those who surround them." 
 
 TO JOHN C. 
 # " Xismes, 27, 7 mo. 1824. 
 
 My dear Brother, — On reaching Congenies we 
 found it was supposed unlikely that we could have 
 more than three family visits in a day, as most of the 
 
 * A patois, or provincial dialect, is generally spoken. 
 
28 MEMOIR OP SAMUEL CAPPEB. 
 
 Friends were very busy, and others gone to the fair at 
 Beaucaire ; however, perseverance has overcome all im- 
 pediments. On fourth-day we sat with Louis Majolier 
 and family, which was what some persons might call 
 a memorable opportunity. Before we left, we also had 
 an affecting time, which I trust and believe was a 
 right close to our visit to these interesting people. 
 Some part of the time, my sufferings of mind were 
 great, and I believe that dear E. Fowler felt as much. 
 He was also unwell, which made him very weak. The 
 musquitoes obliged me to pass many sleepless hours ; 
 sometimes with the heat I was kept awake nearly all 
 the night. It is, however, a satisfaction to me to 
 believe that some of the mental feelings were prepa- 
 ratory baptisms. I have delivered sixty or seventy 
 public and private addresses ; and, when I reflect on 
 it, I can hardly think how I ventured with so imper- 
 fect a knowledge of French ; but necessity has no law. 
 If thou incline to write, which would be delightful to 
 me, direct to St. Etienne. "When we left Congenies, 
 there were twelve or fourteen Friends to see us off, and 
 as many other persons ; some of the Friends weeping. 
 It was a new scene to me. 
 
 Paris, 17, 8 mo. 1824. 
 
 We are again in this metropolis, after an absence 
 of about five weeks, during which time I have seen 
 much, and felt much ; and, although seasons of great 
 spiritual favour have not been frequently dispensed, I 
 think we can reverently acknowledge that, from time to 
 time, so much has been granted as to animate us with 
 
MEMOIR OP SAMUEL CAPPER. 29 
 
 the belief that we have been in the way of our duty; 
 and a hope attends me that the right thing in some 
 minds has been strengthened. Under these feelings 
 I cannot but be thankful, although the relief is not 
 so complete as I could desire. What the cause may 
 be I must leave. Having endeavoured to do my best, 
 I ought to be content with the portion of relief allowed 
 me. "We have passed through a wonderful country in 
 Les Cevennes, etc. Thou wouldst much have enjoyed 
 the scenery. 
 
 Paris, 8 mo. 19. "We arrived on the 16th, and 
 found Samuel Tuke and his sister at our hotel. This 
 morning I have been with S. Tuke, to see the Abbe 
 Gregoire. He conversed with us, in a very interesting 
 manner, for two hours ; and informed us, that when his 
 consent to the execution of Louis XVI. was asked, 
 he conscientiously refused to give it. Eobert Fowler 
 and I called on Sigismund Billing, who is much dis- 
 couraged because the nation so evidently retrogrades ; 
 the liberty of the press, etc., being denied. 
 
 21. We called on the Abbe Gaussiere ; a liberal 
 man, who spoke gratefully of the kindness of the 
 English to him and the other French refugees. Lord 
 Arundel's son is his pupil. 
 
 23rd. We left Paris." 
 
 During these travels in France, Samuel Capper was 
 brought into deep feeling and distress of mind, on 
 account of the thraldom in which the people were held 
 by the influence of Popery ; and he earnestly desired 
 their deliverance. In after davs he was induced to 
 
30 MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 devote much time to the examination and publication 
 of the doctrines of the Eoman Catholics, in the hope 
 that this might be the means of opening the eyes of 
 some of them, as he considered that they were pur- 
 posely kept in ignorance. His interest for them con- 
 tinued unabated to the last days of his life ; and he 
 was careful to avail himself of every suitable opportu- 
 nity of exposing the priestcraft which is so largely 
 exercised over the people, and which has such an awful 
 tendency to blind and mislead. 
 
 His dear friend Robert Fowler declined in health 
 after his return home, and peacefully departed this 
 life 27, 4 mo. 1825, at his own house. 
 
CHAPTER IV. 
 
 1825—1829. 
 
 ENGAGED EN" PUTTING DOWN THE PRACTICE OF BULL-BAITING IN 
 THE CITY OF BRISTOL — VISITS HIS RELATIONS IN THE NORTH 
 OF ENGLAND, IN A SOCIAL AY AY — UNITES WITH OTHERS IN A 
 RELIGIOUS YISIT TO THE FAMILIES OF FRIENDS IN BRISTOL — 
 LABOURS FOR THE SUPPRESSION OF A PUBLIC MASQUERADE. 
 
 Iyr the spring of 1825 Samuel Capper thus writes : — 
 
 " London, 28, 5 mo. 1825. 
 My dear Sister, — I have nothing to say of the 
 yearly meeting but what will be better related, viva 
 voce, by some one who has been present. I must 
 therefore tell thee, as that which I know will interest 
 thee, that I have been favoured to partake of much 
 tenderness of spirit in the course of its sittings, and I 
 hope that I shall return home not a little comforted 
 and strengthened. Some peculiar exercises have been 
 allotted me, and I have found peace in resigning my- 
 self to them." 
 
 During this year he was engaged, in company with 
 another Friend, in opposing the cruel custom of bull- 
 baiting in the city of Bristol. In the prosecution of 
 their benevolent design, they were exposed to danger 
 and insult, but their efforts were blessed to the entire 
 suppression of the degrading practice. 
 
32 MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 TWO EXTRACTS FROM LETTERS FROM RACHEL FOWLER 
 TO S. C. 
 
 "Near IlelJcsham, 22, 4 mo. 1826. 
 
 My dear Friekd, — Thy kind mark of sympathy 
 and interest was truly acceptable to us. We feel 
 very grateful for thy friendship, and most sincerely 
 desire that nothing may ever lessen the affectionate 
 concern in each other's welfare, which has, I believe, 
 been mutually felt for many past years. Eespecting 
 myself, I cannot look far forward ; but, as thou loved 
 and honoured their revered father, I feel comfort in 
 believing that, when I may no longer experience the 
 conflicts of time, my beloved children may have the 
 privilege of having thee for their friend. 
 
 Elm Grove, 10, 7 mo. 1826. 
 
 Mt dear Eriend, — I felt a degree of disappoint- 
 ment which I cannot readily express when I found 
 that thy brotherly and Christian interest had not 
 influenced thee, as in former years, to meet thy old 
 friends at our little quarterly meeting at Frenchay; 
 but I am not willing to think that thy good will is 
 lessened toward a poor little meeting by thy residence 
 in a large one. However, setting aside all geographical 
 distinctions, I know we have but one common interest, 
 and I feel assured that thy love for the blessed cause 
 of truth and righteousness remains unchanged. Under 
 all circumstances I can, with sincerity, subscribe myself 
 thy affectionate friend, Eachel Fowler." 
 
 S. C. TO K. B. 
 
 "Bristol, 21, 8 mo. 1826. 
 
 My dear Sister, — I regret that I have never 
 been able to spend any time in the ]N"orth, but I see 
 
MEMOIR OP SAMUEL CAPPER. 33 
 
 no prospect of such an indulgence at present. Things 
 here have both an encouraging and a disheartening 
 aspect. Many of the middle-aged and of the youth 
 among us are, I believe, deepening in religious experi- 
 ence, and becoming more and more conformed to the 
 image of their Lord and Saviour; at the same time, 
 our valiants are less and less called into the field of 
 combat, and the weight of affairs seems to be sliding 
 from their shoulders on to another class. I am learn- 
 ing German, and can read the Bible in it tolerably 
 well." 
 
 His desire to visit the north of England was grati- 
 fied not very long after he had thus expressed it ; he, 
 his wife, and two eldest children going to see their 
 relations there about the end of 1827. Soon after 
 their return home, he writes : — 
 
 "Bristol, 22, 4 mo. 1828. 
 
 My dear Sister, — I have been obliged to pay 
 close attention to business ; and, about a month since, 
 our eight younger children sickened with the measles. 
 They are now recovering, and we ourselves have been 
 favoured with health. I believe that our northern 
 journey very much prepared us for exertion and trial. 
 We have, of late, had the company of J. and M. 
 Yardley, which was very interesting. They bear the 
 mark of discipleship. I feel much love for the Friends 
 in the JSTorth, since our little visit there. 
 
 Bristol, 25, 2 mo. 1829. 
 
 My dear brother Jokf, — I should not like to 
 omit informing thee that I am just entering upon one 
 
34i MEMOIR Or SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 of those arduous and baptizing engagements which 
 require careful attention to the unerring Guide, in 
 order to proceed safely. T. and S. Bigg, Hannah 
 Thomas, and myself, have obtained the concurrence of 
 our monthly meeting to pay a family visit here. 
 
 Bristol, 15, 3 mo. 1829. 
 We have had about eighty-five sittings ; probably 
 one-third of the whole number. I do not know that, 
 in a general way, it is well to say anything about our 
 feelings, under such circumstances ; but I am inclined 
 to tell thee that I have, in a peculiar manner, to walk 
 in a way that I know not ; as I seldom see far before 
 me, but am obliged to go from one stepping stone to 
 another with great care : yet I must acknowledge 
 that I have hitherto been enabled to go along nearly 
 free from condemnation, which is a great favour. I 
 trust it will be continued to the end. 
 
 Bristol, 13, 4 mo. 1829. 
 I felt really grateful for thy kind expression of 
 sympathy with me. We have just paid the last visit, 
 and have been favoured to proceed in much harmony. 
 It is a great relief to my mind ; as I have had it in 
 prospect for several years." 
 
 Notwithstanding that he was thus closely engaged 
 in religious labours, he was brought under so much 
 concern on account of the demoralizing tendency of a 
 masquerade which was held during the Bristol fair, 
 and which was attended with much drinking and pro- 
 fligacy, that he, with the kind assistance of several 
 other Friends, entered upon a series of efforts for its 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 35 
 
 suppression. They had to endure much that was 
 painful to the feelings, but their perseverance was re- 
 warded, after some years, by its being declared a 
 nuisance, and in consequence given up. 
 
 Samuel Capper could also find leisure to sympathize 
 with his near connexions who were in sorrow, as 
 evinced by the following, addressed to J. and K. B. at 
 Yevay, in Switzerland : — 
 
 "Bristol, 12, 7 mo. 1829. 
 
 My dear Brother a^d Sister, — Vfe have deeply 
 sympathized with you under the trial which has termi- 
 nated the earthly pilgrimage of one to whom your 
 hearts were so closely united. To be placed in your 
 circumstances is that which, I believe, few can appre- 
 ciate. I may be more able than some to enter into 
 your situation, in the loss, at such a distance from 
 home, of a sweet, interesting, religious child. I trust 
 that, as regards her, all is well ; I might say, I doubt 
 not it is so. To you, the stroke must be intended in 
 mercy, and I sincerely desire that the gracious design 
 may be fully answered. I cannot but believe, and it 
 is a cheering belief, that so long as the Lord's will is 
 not opposed in the soul, He is carrying on his own 
 great work there, to the perfecting of the saints. 
 How much there is in us which requires his sanctify- 
 ing power, to reduce, and bring into captivity to the 
 Spirit of Christ ; and how favourable are times of 
 affliction for the perception of our wants in this 
 respect! These seasons seem to strip off all unhallowed 
 coverings ; and we may truly bless and magnify the 
 name of our Eedeemer that thus we are dealt with." 
 
CHAPTEE V. 
 
 1829—1834. 
 
 MUCH TRIED IN HIS BUSINESS ENGAGEMENTS — LABOURS IN THE 
 CAUSE OF TEMPERANCE — TRAVELS IN WILTSHIRE — ATTENDS THE 
 YEARLY MEETING— HOLDS HIS FIRST TENT-MEETING. 
 
 Affliction, though of a different nature, was soon to 
 visit him ; and under it he sought, and found, through 
 fervent prayer, the help which he needed. He writes 
 to his brother John, respecting his trials from diffi- 
 culties in carrying on his business : — 
 
 "Bristol, 25, 10 mo. 1829. 
 
 My teey dear Beothee, — Thy affectionate letter 
 reached me yesterday. I believe that suffering has 
 brought us into a state of great humiliation, and that 
 such a state is likely to be beneficial. I trust that I 
 have learnt something of earnestness in prayer ; a 
 precious lesson, worth a great deal of suffering ; yet 
 I can say little more than the thief formerly, ' Lord ! 
 remember me ;' and a degree of trust arises that he 
 will remember me and mine, in his own time. Our 
 dear young men require encouragement and sympathy, 
 for they have been very diligent and industrious. My 
 wife is wonderfully supported, and all seem willing to 
 adopt any mode of proceeding which may be recom- 
 mended." 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 37 
 
 S. C. TO J. AND K. B. AT NAPLES. 
 
 "Bristol, 4, 2 mo. 1830. 
 
 My dear Brother and Sister, — "We are truly 
 thankful for the sympathy and kindness expressed in 
 your letter. I am willing to believe that my present 
 circumstances are good for me, and to accept them as 
 needful discipline. Whether it may please the Lord 
 to relieve us from our solicitude I know not, but I 
 confide in Him, that, if He should not, strength will 
 be afforded in proportion to the intensity and duration 
 of the trial. 
 
 18th. Since I wrote this, such has been the succes- 
 sion of events that I have not been able to resume 
 my pen : — one is the departure of our eldest son for 
 Barbadoes ; the inducement was to accompany, and 
 render service to, our cousin Edmund Xaish. So 
 important a step was not taken without much solici- 
 tude on our parts, and our prayers follow them." 
 
 DIARY. 
 " 1830, 2 mo. 8. My mind has dwelt much in a state 
 of deep poverty, of late, and in a sense that the unto- 
 wardness of my outward affairs is a dispensation 
 needful for my purification. I do not feel condem- 
 nation for the step # which has placed me in this 
 difficult situation, but am enabled to believe it was a 
 right step, and that it will be productive of good to 
 me and to my family. I desire to be preserved in 
 humble, quiet confidence in the mercy and goodness 
 
 * Namely, the quitting of his former business and entering upon 
 a fresh one. 
 
38 MEMOIR OF SAMTTEL CAPPER. 
 
 of Christ Jesus our Lord, and to thank God that He 
 is pleased to keep me in an habitual state of prayer, 
 and seeking for His strength. 
 
 4. I hope I still continue to feel humbled at 
 chastisement, but not disheartened ; and a degree of 
 thankfulness because the Lord's hand is turned upon 
 my children, to bring them into subjection to His 
 purifying power. 
 
 8. A good deal discouraged about business, and 
 tried by the illness of dear little Thomas. During 
 the night, had some consoling views of the mercy and 
 love of God. 
 
 First-day. Awoke under impressions of the love 
 and condescension of God to us ; a comforting feeling 
 of His care and providence prevailed for some time. 
 
 6 mo. 3. Joseph returned from the West Indies. 
 
 10 mo. 9. Went to Bideford, and Barnstaple. 
 
 10. Barnstaple meeting was, I believe, a good time ; 
 I feel very thankful for it. 
 
 10 mo. 25. Left Devonshire. Although I have 
 enjoyed a comfortable share of health during this 
 journey, I have certainly found little inclination for 
 food. I do not know that this indicates my change ; 
 but,- if it should unexpectedly occur, I write this, that 
 my dear wife and children may know that, during 
 great part of the time, I have had an awful sense of 
 my own sinfulness and unworthiness, with a humbling 
 hope that, through Christ Jesus, I may be made 
 partaker of God's salvation. Though sensible of 
 great solicitude about my outward concerns, and 
 desirous of being found discharging my duty in this 
 
MEAIOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 39 
 
 respect, yet ray mind has been in a very solemn 
 frame; and a disposition to continual prayer, even 
 vocally, has been felt; for which I thank my God, 
 even Christ Jesus my Lord, who is over all, God 
 blessed for ever. If this dispensation should pass 
 away, and I still remain here, Lord, enable me to do 
 and suffer thy blessed will, that I may be made a 
 partaker of thy holiness, which is what I long for. 
 My heart praises thee, my God ! and my eyes run 
 down with tears of tenderness." 
 
 TO I. AND K. B. 
 
 "Bristol, 1, 12 mo. 1830. 
 My dear Brother and Sister, — The subject of 
 our petitions is, that we may be rightly directed as 
 to our conduct, and that we may cherish dispositions 
 of humility, submission, meekness, and patience. After 
 all, notwithstanding it is our duty to do all we can to 
 provide a reasonable establishment for our children, 
 yet, if ice are not permitted to succeed, we must not 
 conclude that, to a future generation, the tide will not 
 turn ; and we may hope that the lessons of adversity 
 may be blessed. And, were we sure that calamities 
 of this sort would follow, one upon another, to the 
 latest period of our lives, what right have we to com- 
 plain, when we think of the glorious sufferers in 
 various ages, for their faithfulness to the Christian 
 profession ? True, we have not, apparently, so im- 
 posing a motive to fortitude, and we ought, or at 
 least I ought, to consider much of what I now labour 
 under as possibly the result of a want of sufficiently 
 
40 MEMOIR OP SAMUEL CAPPEE. 
 
 strict adherence to Divine direction ; but it is an 
 inestimable blessing that I am not oppressed by a 
 sense of guilt, or a feeling as if these- were dispen- 
 sations of displeasure. And what can we do better 
 than, quietly and fully, resign ourselves to be operated 
 upon by Divine wisdom and love, and diligently en- 
 deavour to discharge, with cheerfulness, the arduous 
 duties which devolve upon us ? "We have been greatly 
 favoured ; and, should we receive grace, and be enabled 
 to act under its influence, in these difficulties, I trust 
 all will yet be well. "With sincere affection, S. C." 
 
 Great as were his trials at this time, he could still 
 give his attention to that which he thought calculated 
 to promote the good of his fellow-creatures, as appears 
 by the following, addressed to his brother : — 
 
 "Bristol, 23, 8 mo. 1831. 
 
 "When we received the pamphlet, ' To the 
 
 Industrious Poor,' before we knew the author, I was 
 requested, by the Committee of our Temperance 
 Society, to adapt it to working people with good 
 income. I accordingly made some alterations with 
 that view ; I have also made a more important altera- 
 tion, with the intention of placing in a stronger light 
 the absolute necessity for entire and immediate absti- 
 nence, to correct drunken habits. If thou would like 
 it, we will send the manuscript for thy perusal. 
 
 Newbury, 10, 10 mo. 1831. 
 My deah John, — Thy few lines were very accept- 
 able ; I had longed to hear from thee, although I 
 
MEMOIE OP SAMUEL CAPPER. 41 
 
 knew how fully, and I believe usefully, thou hast 
 been occupied. I have considered it right to use 
 such endeavoups as I could to forward the views of 
 the Temperance Society. Of its importance I think 
 I daily become more sensible. I sincerely congratulate 
 thee on the success of your efforts. I know of no 
 temptation, to which man is subject, so likely to inter- 
 cept the light of truth as the habitual use of intoxica- 
 ting liquors ; and I am persuaded that there is not an 
 emancipation which bestows a greater blessing, in a 
 temporal sense, than the emancipation from the sup- 
 posed necessity of using alcoholic stimulus. With 
 regard to our affairs, I hope thou wilt make thyself 
 more easy. This life is a scene of perplexity ; the 
 course, through all, is simple and safe — that is, to do 
 one's best, with perfect integrity of mind. What we 
 earnestly desire is, that we may not be permitted to 
 bring dishonour on the gospel, nor to pain the minds 
 of the true followers of the Lamb. I wish thee to 
 consider me (as is really the case), notwithstanding 
 my difficulties, favoured with calmness and content- 
 ment. Thy affectionate brother." 
 
 DIARY. 
 
 " 1831, 11 mo. 22. At the monthly meeting, I ob- 
 tained leave to go on a religious visit into Wiltshire, 
 Certificates of membership were also given to Benjamin 
 and H. Thomas, George Eaton, and Eebecca Capper, 
 about to visit the West Indies on account of health. 
 
 23. At Bath, on my way to Devizes and Potterne. 
 
 27. A public meeting at Potterne. 
 
42 MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPEE. 
 
 1832, 2 mo. 12. Stephen Grellet and ¥m. Allen 
 were at our meeting. "VV. Allen spoke impressively 
 on the simplicity of the faith of the gospel, and on the 
 danger of rejecting the gospel from a reliance upon 
 our own understanding. S. Grellet gave an awful 
 description of approaching troubles and judgments ; 
 he emphatically exhorted to a preparation for such a 
 time, by a submission to the power of the Spirit, and 
 by building on Christ, the sure Foundation. 
 
 2 mo. 16. We heard, from Nevis, of dear B. Tho- 
 mas's death. 
 
 Bristol, 4, 5 mo. 1832. 
 
 My dear Brother John, — The voyagers have 
 reached their respective homes, and are full of inter- 
 esting information. It is gratifying to see our dear 
 friend, H. Thomas, notwithstanding her bereavement, 
 so much improved by the voyage. We think, too, that 
 Eebecca is not the worse for her residence abroad, 
 which has had a great tendency to enhance the value 
 of home, and the privileges enjoyed in this country." 
 
 To two of his daughters, slipped under their bed- 
 room door : — 
 
 "30, 3 mo. 1833. 
 
 My dear Girls, — I believe you are often made 
 sensible of the love of God in your hearts, and that, 
 under its influence, you are frequently desirous of 
 becoming disciples of the meek and lowly Jesus. I 
 rejoice in this belief, and earnestly pray that the work 
 may be carried on. There is one lesson which it is 
 difficult to learn, and which we often see is imperfectly 
 
ALEMOIE OF SAMUEL CAPPEK. 43 
 
 acquired, even by advanced Christians ; it is the sub- 
 jection of the will, and complete forbearance toward 
 what we apprehend is the weakness of others, but 
 which, if we were sufficiently calm dispassionately to 
 examine, we should often find was our own weakness — 
 or at least a mixture of our own and that of others. I 
 do very much desire that you may be preserved in 
 meekness and forbearance, and thus may grow in grace, 
 and your conduct tend to the preservation of peace, 
 love, and harmony around you ; not, however, yielding 
 to wrong things for the sake of temporary ease, but 
 being ready to suffer inconvenience in little matters, 
 that you may not ruffle the tranquillity of others or 
 yourselves. I am, your affectionate father, S. C." 
 
 Samuel Capper attended the yearly meeting ; and 
 afterwards wrote the following to his brother and 
 sister, "W. and F. INaish :— 
 
 " Bristol, 28, 6 mo. 1833. 
 
 My deab, Beother a:sd Sistee, — It was rather 
 a painful determination that I could not prudently 
 visit you ; but going to the yearly meeting presented 
 itself to my mind a good deal in the shape of a duty 
 that I could not well put by. I would not, however, 
 have you suppose that I did much when there, but I 
 can truly say that I suffered much. I am grieved to 
 see how some are substituting the letter for the spirit ; 
 arguing on a variety of matters about which the most 
 learned are as ignorant as the most unlearned, except 
 so far as it pleases our heavenly Father to reveal them 
 to the babes in Christ. I believe it behoves us all to 
 
44 MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 be deeply watchful, lest we be drawn into any specula- 
 tive views of right things, or into party spirit in con- 
 tending for the faith as held by the apostles and early 
 disciples ; and, since that time, in a great degree of 
 purity, by the members of our Society." 
 
 DIARY. 
 
 " 1834, 3 mo. 24. My mind has been much im- 
 pressed lately, with a peculiar sense of death ; the 
 feeling of its awfulness, and even entering into the 
 sensations of the body, though I do believe that few 
 are in better health than myself. Does it portend, or 
 is it to prepare me for, some close affliction ; or is it 
 for my own preparation for death? "Whatever the 
 design, I desire that it may be fully answered. 
 
 5 mo. 17. Came to London, with my E. C, to 
 attend the yearly meeting. 
 
 19. At that for ministers and elders, missed some 
 of our able and worthy members. 
 
 20. At the Anniversary Temperance Meeting. The 
 bishop of Winchester in the chair. On the whole, 
 satisfactory. 
 
 21. Our American friends are making great exer- 
 tions to procure a liberal education for their }^outb. 
 An excellent object ; yet to be pursued with a proper 
 estimate of its value, or it may lead into too high a 
 regard for the knowledge thus to be acquired, and into 
 a disregard of the leadings of the Holy Spirit. 
 
 22. It was a very solemn part of the meeting 
 when the testimony respecting our late dear friend 
 Eachel Fowler was read ; and I was introduced into 
 
MEMOIR OP SAMUEL CAPPEE. 45 
 
 considerable exercise of mind, in regard to many who 
 still remain in this state of trial and temptation ; and 
 especially on my own account. 
 
 23. Went to Gracechurch-street meeting, in which 
 Stephen Grellet was very beautifully engaged on the 
 whole gospel of Christ. 
 
 5 mo. 25. First-day. In the present circumstances 
 of our Society, there is great danger of party feeling ; 
 and I pray that those who are favoured, amid these 
 conflicts, to keep their standing on Christ, the immov- 
 able Rock, may not be sorely wounded by an endeavour, 
 in their own wills, to resist the blast. 
 
 28. J. J. G-urney made some striking remarks on 
 the subject of bringing our testimony against war 
 home to our minds ; and also on the influence which 
 we ought to use among the poor and degraded of our 
 population. 
 
 30. A solemn concluding sitting. 
 
 6 mo. 20. Edward Kidd, jun., and Rebecca Capper, 
 were married. 
 
 7 mo. 28. Quite fatigued with business ; but calm 
 under difficulties." 
 
 Notwithstanding these commercial trials, Samuel 
 Capper yielded to the belief that he must labour among 
 the poor during the summer ; and thus writes on the 
 subject to John C. : — 
 
 ''Bristol, 20, 10 mo. 1834. 
 
 My very deab Beothee, — Prom some conversa- 
 tion which thou and I had, I think thou wilt not be 
 surprised to hear that I applied to our last monthly 
 
4b MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 meeting for its sanction to my holding a few meetings 
 with the most neglected and destitute portion of the 
 people. This was granted, and a meeting was held 
 yesterday week, in a large workshop. I believe it 
 was a satisfactory occasion, as was also one held under 
 a tent yesterday, in the Dings. Many hundreds were 
 there, and were very orderly, though it was thought 
 that numbers of them had rarely been in a place of 
 worship. It is intended to hold another next first-day. 
 The engagement is a very awful one to me ; but hitherto 
 we have been wonderfully helped, and the people appear 
 to be really thankful for such opportunities." 
 
 This letter contains the first notice of a tent-meeting. 
 It was afterwards found, that to convene the people 
 in a tent, pitched in any suitable locality, was one of 
 the best ways of procuring access to the lowest and 
 most degraded ; the class of his fellow-creatures to 
 whom Samuel Capper's mind was particularly attracted, 
 with the desire to arouse their attention to the in- 
 terests of their souls. His friends, therefore, kindly 
 purchased a tent for his use. 
 
 Samuel Capper was, about this time, extricated from 
 the difficulties with which he had long had to contend, 
 and became temporarily engaged in a well-established 
 commercial house in Bristol. 
 
CHAPTEE YI. 
 
 1834-1838. 
 
 TRAVELS OX BUSINESS IN IRELAND — ATTENDS THE YEARLY MEET- 
 ING THERE AND IN LONDON — HOLDS TENT-MEETINGS IN THE 
 NEIGHBOURHOOD OE BRISTOL, BATH, ETC. — DEATH OF HIS 
 DAUGHTER REBECCA KIDD— HOLDS MEETINGS IN GLOUCESTER- 
 SHIRE AND WORCESTERSHIRE — DEATH OE EDWARD KIDD, JEN., 
 AND TWO OE HIS CHILDREN — HOLDS TENT-MEETINGS IN LONDON. 
 
 Dueing the autumn of this year, accompanied by one 
 of his sons, he travelled extensively in Ireland on 
 business, and was there, as during his continental 
 journey, brought into much feeling on account of the 
 sad effects of Popery on its deluded adherents. He 
 also mourned over the effects of what he denominated 
 " whisky madness." He writes to his wife from 
 
 "Waterford, 1, 12 mo. 1834. 
 
 .... Everywhere they are wonderfully improving 
 the roads ; and, if distillation were prohibited, I see 
 no reason why this should not be one of the finest 
 and most prosperous parts of the united kingdom. 
 
 Cork, 13th. I have had the opportunity of a little 
 conversation with one or two Eoman Catholics, and 
 ascertained that thev are held in the verv bondage of 
 ignorance and superstition, 
 
 21st. I have bought ' The Poor Plan's Manual, 5 
 and ' The Key of Paradise.' Surely the popish clergy 
 will have much to answer for, on account of the follies, 
 not to say blasphemies, which such books contain ! 
 
48 MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 Limerick, 8, 1 mo. 1835. 
 .... I have been a little rheumatic since the sharp 
 frosts ; but, when I see hundreds walking about bare- 
 foot, and behold the cabins which they inhabit, one 
 dare hardly even mention such slight inconveniences. 
 I sometimes feel as if I could almost lay down my 
 life to free them from the chains of idolatry, which 
 still produces the same effects that are so affectingly 
 described by the prophets. 
 
 Milford, 24th. 
 .... I saw in the Bristol paper an account of the 
 death of our dear young friend Wilson "Wright. I 
 have seldom been more affected than at so unexpected 
 and awful an event, and my mind visited, with affec- 
 tionate solicitude, his dear bereaved parents. We know 
 not, by experience, what such a trial is ; but I can 
 enter into close sympathy. I much desire to be pre- 
 sent at the interment. It is pleasant to me to recur 
 to two or three little interviews with Wilson, when I 
 thought I was sensible of the secret exercise of his 
 mind, that he might be preserved from evil." 
 
 Samuel Capper, though so fully prepared to sym- 
 pathize in the sorrows of his friends, had not then, as 
 he states, been called to endure similar privations; 
 but this was subsequently, in rather a remarkable 
 manner, his allotment ; for, besides an unmarried adult 
 son, he followed to the grave three married children 
 and their partners in life ; and had to care for some 
 of the orphans as long as he Kved. 
 
 The loss of his children he deeply felt ; but he and 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 49 
 
 his dear wife were supported under it, in true Chris- 
 tian resignation, and could acknowledge that the Lord 
 doeth all things well. 
 
 In the spring of ,1835, Samuel Capper attended the 
 yearly meeting in Dublin, where he made the following 
 memoranda : — 
 
 " 4 mo. 26. First-day. I felt called upon, in meet- 
 ing, to address several states. John "Warren followed 
 on the same subjects ; and, in the course of his testi- 
 mony, beautifully displayed the mercy of Grod, in 
 Christ, in the propitiatory sacrifice. He also set forth 
 the quickening, baptizing power of the Holy Spirit, 
 and insisted on the necessity of devoted obedience to 
 the teachings of the Spirit. 
 
 4 mo. 28. The state of the Society, as elicited by 
 the answers to the Queries, brought forth some ex- 
 cellent advice, and warm expostulation with those who 
 have been, and still are, the objects of the invitations 
 of Him who hath manifested his love, in that he hath 
 given Himself for us. I felt it right to make some 
 remarks on what appears to me the present extension 
 of tendering visitation to many, especially among the 
 young ; and to recommend a deep and fervent labour 
 after an establishment on Christ; in order that those 
 who have been thus graciously dealt with may be pre- 
 pared for usefulness, and may stand in a day of trial 
 and distress, which is, I believe, at hand. 
 
 29. John TVarren was largely exercised, both in 
 testimony and supplication ; his services were very 
 lively and impressive. My mind is filled with the 
 belief that the gracious Shepherd of the flock is offer- 
 
 E 
 
50 MEMOIR OE SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 ing his Divine protection, and that many will, and 
 some have, come near to be taught of Him. Oh ! the 
 day of calamity will drive some to Him for safety who, 
 if they would give up now, might be favoured to re- 
 main, with confidence, in the ' munition of rocks ' until 
 the calamity be overpast. 
 
 5 mo. 2. Dr. Hancock breakfasted with us; his 
 company was truly delightful. 
 
 3. First-day. Walked to Kingstown, and had labo- 
 rious and searching service. How much real satis- 
 faction those lose who are not willing to let Christ 
 reign! They are, in consequence, the subjects of a 
 tyrant indeed. I hope I was in my place, but it has 
 been a trying day. Returned by railway. 
 
 5. Sailed for Holyhead." 
 
 He was also this year at the yearly meeting in 
 London, and, while there, wrote to a friend in Ireland : 
 
 "London, 21, 5 mo. 1835. 
 
 I believe that thy mind is often exercised 
 
 that thou mayst be found filling up thy place, accord- 
 ing to the will of Him whom thou desirest to serve. 
 My heart has rejoiced in this belief, and my secret 
 prayers have arisen for thy preservation and growth. 
 I believe, my dear friend, that the manifestation of 
 the Lord's will is, when duly waited for, very distinct ; 
 and that He condescends to discover to us the way in 
 which we should walk, in matters which to some may 
 appear almost exclusively of this world. The parti- 
 cular desire which now arises in my mind is, that thou 
 mayst be kept, by His power, faithfully devoted in all 
 
MEMOIR OP SAMUEL CAPPER. 51 
 
 things ; waiting to know His blessed will ; and, without 
 being turned out of the way by others, given up to do 
 it ; and I am persuaded that, notwithstanding the trials 
 which are the needful attendants of every Christian, 
 thou wilt know great joy and peace in following the 
 lowly Jesus, the Captain of our salvation ; and that He 
 will conspicuously own thee as his friend, by showing 
 thee the glories of his kingdom. ' Ye are my friends, 
 if ye do whatsoever I command you.' ' 
 
 Again this summer he held many public meetings 
 near Bristol, Kingswood, etc. 
 
 In his diary, he writes, on the opening of another 
 year : — 
 
 " 1836, 1 mo. 9. I have been particularly impressed 
 with a sense of the extraordinary prevalence of Divine 
 influence in our silent meetings. I think we shall 
 have less preaching, on account of the unsatisfied state 
 of the people, and I trust a more deep ministry, when 
 it is exercised." 
 
 TO HIS SISTER, F. NAISH. 
 
 " Bristol, 13, 2 mo. 1836. 
 ~SLy dear Sister, — I have often thought of writing 
 to thee or my brother, and put it off; but the perusal 
 of thy last letter to A. determined me to write, lest 
 either of you should admit the sentiment that we had 
 suffered our regard for you to diminish. Some cir- 
 cumstances strongly tend to concentrate it. Our circle 
 of acquaintance undoubtedly widens as we approach 
 old age, but the band of intimate friends does not 
 widen with it ; some, among our former intimates, have 
 
52 MEMOIR OE SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 grown rich, and we (without imputing blame to them), 
 by having grown poor, are necessarily placed at a dis- 
 tance ; no doubt, very properly and salutarily for us. 
 Some have become great, and no longer need our 
 humble assistance ; and, though we cannot complain, 
 for they are still kind, and when occasion requires 
 condescending, yet the tenderness of that friendship, 
 which perhaps requires the atmosphere of affliction to 
 thrive in, has abated — we will not say, gone. Some 
 have abandoned the sound and simple views of gospel 
 truth which we early embraced ; which we have found 
 to be on the true foundation, that has stood the 
 storms of time, and still remains unshaken. We love 
 them, and our hearts yearn over them, but we dare 
 not follow them. Thus are our intimate friends cut 
 off from us ; but, among the few who remain, we 
 esteem you of the chiefest. Your path has been 
 hallowed by deep trials, and if just now is permitted 
 a lulling of the elements, you enjoy it with gratitude 
 and chastened gladness. We wish to do so too ; for, 
 though we have yet many sources of solicitude, we 
 are somewhat freed from that perplexing anxiety which 
 attended us for years. Thy affectionate brother, S. C." 
 
 DIARY. 
 
 " 1836, 5 mo. 14. Went to London, to attend the 
 yearly meeting. 
 
 5 mo. 16. The meeting of ministers and elders 
 was opened by a solemn communication from Sarah 
 G-rubb, encouraging those who had come up with 
 hearts turned to the Lord, and looking singly to Him, 
 
MEM0IB OP SAMUEL CAPPEK. 53 
 
 to put their confidence in Him. In the afternoon, 
 Wm. Forster gave a beautiful exposition of true gospel 
 ministry, and of his belief in the guidance of the 
 Spirit, and in the inefficacy of words without the 
 power of Grod, the Anointing, to baptize and contrite. 
 
 17. J. and H. C. Backhouse gave an account of 
 their visit in America : it was weighty, and bore ample 
 testimony to the immediate guidance of the Spirit. 
 
 22. First-day. Wm. Forster spoke powerfully in 
 Tottenham meeting. 
 
 25. At the Peel meeting, my mind was comforted 
 and strengthened by a sense of the unchangeableness 
 of God and of the truth ; and also by a precious 
 uniting feeling of Divine regard. Abigail Dockray, 
 Barnard Dickenson, etc., spoke in a strain of harmo- 
 nious feeling. 
 
 5 mo. 26. H. C. Backhouse and Abigail Dockray 
 visited our meeting, and the former was favoured to 
 deliver one of the most complete and beautiful gospel 
 sermons that I ever heard. 
 
 28. The yearly meeting concluded solemnly, though, 
 throughout, the Divine presence has been more felt as 
 a shield than as a sword," 
 
 Eighteen public meetings were held, near Bristol, 
 during the summer. 
 
 TO HIS AUNT, MARY CAPPER. 
 
 "Bristol, 29, 10 mo. 1836. 
 
 My deae Aunt, — Although we have not yet ex- 
 pressed our sympathy with thee, in thy indisposition 
 and its accompanying depression, my wife and I have 
 
54 MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 thought much of thee. We know something of these 
 feelings ; and are thus somewhat prepared to enter 
 into the sense of entire dependence which, under such 
 circumstances, is realized ; as well as that of unworthi- 
 ness, and of actually deserving such probations and 
 much more. We can, my dear aunt, feel all this ; 
 and, at the same time, when through Divine favour 
 we are not so tried, we can see the wisdom of the dis- 
 pensation ; the cause that we have to praise the Lord 
 for thus dealing with us ; and we dare venture to 
 believe that, when He has tried thee and proved thy 
 love to Him, thou wilt be blest with a sense of his 
 Divine presence ; and in proportion as thou hast seen 
 the depths of thy own poverty, wilt thou rejoice in His 
 riches. 
 
 Do not, my dear aunt, suppose that we imagine our 
 experience to be of the same measure as thine : oh 
 no ; we think that it has been of the same nature, and 
 of a degree apportioned to our child-like state ; yet do 
 we feel as if we might say how much we have felt for 
 thee, and how sincerely we desire — sometimes pray — 
 that thy head may be lifted above the billows. Thou 
 hast had large experience of the love and goodness of 
 the Good Shepherd of the flock ; and we trust that 
 thou wilt be preserved in patience, possessing thy 
 soul's confidence in Him, until the time come when, 
 having drunk the cup appointed thee, thou art made 
 partaker of His peace, which passeth understanding. 
 Though we are thy juniors, we feel ourselves approach- 
 ing the confines of time, and are favoured to look 
 upon its concerns as of secondary importance ; as if 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPEE. 55 
 
 we were likely, at a period not distant, to leave our 
 children and friends, and to enter on that state of 
 existence which is beyond the grave ; and we earnestly 
 desire that we may be favoured to join those who have 
 already passed from this state of trial, in singing 
 praises to Him who has purchased us, and who, when 
 we are unclothed of our righteousness, will clothe us 
 with His own." 
 
 In the spring of 1837 he held some public meet- 
 ings in Bath. He remarks in his diary : — 
 
 " 1837, 3 mo. 26. A very solemn and favoured one 
 in Avon Street. I think I felt too much at liberty 
 afterwards, and perhaps a little inclined to presume 
 on the help afforded. I long to be preserved in true 
 humility. 
 
 28. Quarterly meeting at Melksham. I had a 
 very satisfactory interview with George Withy, who 
 said that he felt very peaceful, and looked forward 
 without fear. In allusion to the attacks made upon 
 our Society, he said, i It is many years since I received 
 the truth, as held by Friends, and from a belief 
 therein I have never swerved ; nor am I at all shaken 
 now." 
 
 S. C. writes to his youngest child, then at school : — 
 
 "Bristol 5, 4 mo. 1837. 
 
 My deae Thomas, — Thy kind and well-written 
 letter gave me much pleasure ; it shows a desire to 
 make progress in thy learning, in which I believe thy 
 brother partakes. It is an advantage which youth 
 
56 MEMOIR OP SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 cannot sufficiently estimate, to be well grounded in 
 elementary learning. Thou desirest some information 
 about the Total Abstinence Society. Last seventh- 
 day I heard James Teare make a very interesting 
 speech. There are now about three thousand members 
 in Bristol. It will be delightful to me to see you 
 making good solid progress in your learning ; and 
 still greater pleasure shall I derive from your conducting 
 yourselves in a way which would lead me to believe 
 that you are truly desirous of avoiding all evil. You 
 cannot do this of yourselves, and I wish you may be 
 sensible how necessary it is for us all to have strength 
 given us by Him who is all-powerful, and which He 
 has promised to us, if we sincerely pray for it. To 
 conduct yourselves consistently with what you think 
 is right, will often introduce you into considerable 
 trial. Foolish boys, and men too, often laugh at what 
 they think is unnecessary particularity ; but, if we 
 are induced to deviate from that which is right in 
 little things, it soon leads to our disregarding it in 
 greater ones. Thy affectionate Father." 
 
 It was during this summer that Samuel Capper was 
 first called to endure the affliction of losing an adult 
 child, by the death of his daughter Eebecca Kidd, 
 which he most acutely felt. Particulars of this affect- 
 ing event, and of the death soon afterwards of her 
 husband and two children, are already before the 
 public, in a small work entitled "Youthful Pilgrims ;" # 
 so that it is only needful here to say that her father 
 
 * W. and F. Gr. Cash, London. 
 
MEM0IB OP SAMUEL CAPPER. 57 
 
 submitted to the bereavement in a truly Christian 
 spirit, and could even rejoice in the midst of his deep 
 sorrow, from a sense of the redeeming mercy extended 
 to his beloved ones. He alludes to the subject hi the 
 following letter to his youngest son : — 
 
 "Bristol, 10, 8 mo. 1837. 
 Mi dear Thomas, — I was disappointed to find 
 that thou hadst gone to school without my taking 
 leave of thee ; I think, however, that thy mother acted 
 wisely, and am well pleased that thou art there. Per- 
 haps thou wilt not find it so agreeable as when thy 
 brother was with thee ; and I shall be pleased to find 
 that thou art disposed to make thyself comfortable, 
 even when things are not exactly as thou mightst 
 wish. Thou wilt find, as those who are older have 
 already found, that it has been wisely ordered that we 
 should have enough, attending our course through life, 
 of the disagreeable, to induce us to be continually 
 looking forward to a better state of being ; as the poet 
 John Scott says — 
 
 ' Enough has Heaven indulged of bliss below, 
 
 To tempt our tarriance in this lov'd retreat ; 
 Enough has Heaven ordained of useful woe, 
 To make us languish for a happier seat ! 5 
 
 We, my dear Thomas, have had a fresh and very 
 interesting exemplification of the truth of these lines, 
 in the instructive and affecting death of thy dear sister 
 Rebecca Kidd. I hope neither thou nor I shall ever 
 forget how delightfully her confidence was fixed on 
 the great mercy and love of God, in Christ Jesus, to 
 her soul ; and let us, at the same time, remember how 
 
58 MEMOIR OP SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 careful she was to fulfil her duties, and to act con- 
 sistently with the simplicity and purity of the prin- 
 ciples of Friends. The nearer she drew to the close 
 of all things here, the more attached she felt to the 
 gospel simplicity of the practices of consistent Friends. 
 In the present day, when it seems to be the custom 
 to make light of the particular views of our Society, 
 and for those who have scarcely made any effort to do 
 right to despise those who have, such an example, in 
 a young woman of superior understanding, ought not 
 to be lost upon us. Let us learn of her that very 
 important lesson, which none who are sensible of 
 Divine regard toward them are too young to practise 
 — to live near to Christ. I believe, my dear Thomas, 
 that thou art favoured with the teachings of his Spirit 
 in thy heart ; reproving thee for that which is wrong 
 and sinful, and pointing out to thee that which is right, 
 and which will produce peace. Let us be attentive to 
 these Divine admonitions ; as dear Rebecca expressed 
 it, ' Let our conduct be more circumspect ; let us live 
 near to our Saviour,' that is, to the dictates of his 
 Holy Spirit; waiting in quiet, day by day, to know 
 Sis will, to subdue our wills. . . . 
 
 Bristol, 17, 8 mo. 1837. 
 My dear Thomas, — Thy letter was very pleasant 
 to us, and we are glad to find that thou thinkst seri- 
 ously of the importance of avoiding temptations. On 
 this point, I wish to say that we commonly are prone 
 to imagine that, in other circumstances than those in 
 which we are placed, we should have less trial. The 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 59 
 
 truth is, that in every situation, if we would preserve 
 an easy conscience, we must expect to be obliged to 
 bear the cross, in order to maintain a right course 
 among those who pursue a different one: and, to be 
 enabled to do this, earnest and continual prayer will 
 be needful; we cannot preserve ourselves from evil." 
 
 Samuel Capper held many meetings in Gloucester- 
 shire and Worcestershire this year. 
 
 TO THE SAME (still at school). 
 
 " Bristol, 7, 2 mo. 1838. 
 My dear Tom, — I have felt a wish to write to 
 thee for some days, but have been prevented by my 
 occupations. I have thought seriously on the great 
 disadvantage which it may be to thee to allow thyself 
 to entertain an estimate of the character of thy teacher 
 which places him in an objectionable point of view in 
 thy mind. I think that any dislike, which we permit 
 ourselves to harbour against any person, generally 
 grows until we are impressed with it far beyond the 
 reality ; and, in this case, it would operate to prevent 
 thee from receiving all the benefit which thou mightst 
 do in thy education ; whilst, on the other hand, if 
 thou wast (or, I hope I may say art) disposed to 
 derive all the advantage thou canst, and to regard as 
 little inconveniences, which is the true light in which 
 they should be viewed, those troubles which at pre- 
 sent annoy thee, at a future day thou wilt be reaping 
 the benefit of the knowledge which thou hast acquired, 
 when the things that now incommode thee are all for- 
 gotten. In cases of unpleasant feeling between parties, 
 
60 memoie or samttel cappee. 
 
 there are generally those, even among boys, who are 
 willing to aggravate the mischief by misrepresenting, 
 and putting bad constructions on, the words and actions 
 of the obnoxious person, where there might be no 
 ground for such conclusions were the subject pro- 
 perly and dispassionately considered. But there is 
 another point, of still more importance, which, how- 
 ever young, we ought seriously to consider ; and that 
 is, that all trying circumstances are intended, by our 
 gracious heavenly Father, for inducing the exercise of 
 patience, forbearance, and other virtues, which would 
 proportionably increase. We must not, however, de- 
 pend on our own fortitude to sustain us under the 
 trials of temper to which we are subjected ; if we do, 
 whether older or younger, we shall be foiled. Our 
 security and preservation are in a dependence on the 
 assistance of the Holy Spirit, or grace of God, which 
 is given to those who ask it in prayer. I believe thou 
 art not insensible to this truth. Prayer may be 
 offered, either in silent retirement before God, or even 
 under circumstances of necessary bustle, by lifting up 
 the heart to the Lord, with sincere desires to be pre- 
 served from yielding to temptation ; or by the ex- 
 pression of the deep feelings of the mind in words — 
 not the words of others, unless they are made our 
 own by lively feeling at the time. 
 
 I am, my dear T., thy affectionate Father." 
 
 DIAKY. 
 
 " 1838, 2 mo. 13. My thoughts much engaged 
 about going to London. I think I must endeavour, 
 
MEMOIR OE SAMUEL CAPPER. 61 
 
 this summer, to have some meetings in Spitalfields, 
 St. Giles's, and other destitute parts of the city and 
 suburbs. I wish to be willing ; but I feel it the more, 
 as I am not in such circumstances as I could desire, 
 with respect to pecuniary matters. 
 
 2 mo. 20. A delightful silent meeting ; a very 
 merciful seal to the efficacy of that worship. 
 
 25. First-day. I was engaged to supplicate that 
 pardon might be granted to those who offered strange 
 fire, and that they might know more of the grace of 
 our Lord Jesus Christ. My mind was also brought 
 into a humbling sense of the nature of the baptisms 
 and trials which await me in the service which I have 
 in prospect in London. 
 
 Bristol, 11, 3 mo. 1838. 
 
 My dear Sister, — I have been desirous that thou 
 shouldst be addressed by some other hand than mine, 
 but our children do not appear much disposed for 
 writing ; neither, indeed, is it likely that they should 
 be equally desirous of communicating with thee as one 
 who has, from circumstances, so much more entered 
 into thy feelings of trial and of enjoyment. We thank 
 thee much for the two books [of our late father's], 
 which we greatly value. The remembrance of our 
 precious father is delightful to me, and I often feel 
 that the time will not be long before I may hope to 
 meet him, through unmerited mercy. 
 
 Affectionately, S. Capper." 
 
 His son-in-law, Edward Kidd, jun., died on the 17th 
 of 3rd month. He was buried on the 23rd, and two of 
 
62 MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 his children on the 1st of 4th month ; the four being 
 swept away in a very short time, and one solitary 
 orphan left. To return to S. C.'s diary, he writes : — 
 " 1838, 5 rao. 22. The prospect of visiting London 
 seems very awful, but not to be put off. The expecta- 
 tion of being again out of business is serious, but I 
 feel that I can trust to Him who provides better than 
 we can. 
 
 5 mo. 29. The visit to London presses upon my 
 mind. I am discouraged by having fresh employment 
 to seek, but calm submission prevails over all the dis- 
 turbing thoughts which arise. 
 
 6 mo. 12. The monthly meeting granted me a 
 certificate. It was a solemn time ; much felt, though 
 few spoke. Dr. Ball said all that I could desire. 
 I do feel it to be a very serious thing ; and I depend 
 solely on Divine assistance to accomplish it." 
 
 TO HIS WIFE. 
 
 "London, 25, 6 mo. 1838. 
 My dear Elizabeth, — I arrived at Plough Court 
 but little fatigued, and found everything most com- 
 fortable. Yesterday I took tea with Thomas Bevan 
 and wife, and very agreeably met the veteran Samuel 
 Bundell. I have just attended the quarterly meeting 
 of ministers and elders. Friends expressed much 
 sympathy with me, and seemed quite disposed to lend 
 a helping hand in the service. I saw many whom we 
 have long loved ; namely, Elizabeth Ery, Elizabeth 
 Dudley, Jonathan and H. C. Backhouse, William 
 Allen, Samuel Gurney, etc." 
 
MEMOIR Or SAMUEL CAPPEK. 63 
 
 TO A YOUNG MAN. 
 
 "London, 25, 6 mo. 1838. 
 
 .... I feel much solicitude for thy welfare, and it 
 has given me some relief to find that thou hast obtained 
 a situation. I am willing to hope that, should it not 
 be exactly to thy mind in every particular, thou wilt 
 endeavour to bring thy mind to it. It is possible 
 that, in days to come, thou mayst see occasion to be 
 thankful for those very circumstances which thou 
 wouldst now gladly have removed. But that which 
 chiefly presents itself to my mind, when I think of 
 thee, is the desire I feel that thou mayst be happy — 
 happy here and happy hereafter; and the conviction 
 accompanies this wish that it never can be accom- 
 plished until thou art brought to hate sin ; not one 
 sin nor the other sin, but all sin ; every deviation from 
 the dictates of that pure Spirit that is, from time to 
 time, reproving thee for the evil of thy ways. It is 
 very humbling, I acknowledge, to feel that we are 
 altogether unworthy of anything but condemnation ; 
 that our title to Divine mercy is the Ransom which 
 has been paid for us ; but, until we come to feel this, 
 there is no hope of our escape from the wiles of the 
 enemy. I think thou knowest something of the un- 
 satisfactory nature of the service of sin, and I pray 
 that God may open to thy view the vileness of 
 human nature, and the rich treasury of his mercy in 
 Christ. 
 
 With affectionate regard, S. C." 
 
64 MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 TO HIS WIFE. 
 
 "Plough Court, 7, 7 mo. 1838. 
 
 My dear Elizabeth, — I have been employed, 
 with a sub-committee, in looking out a place for a 
 meeting, and we have, I believe, fixed on a weaving 
 shop in Quaker Street, Spitalfields. This was the 
 site of the old "Wheeler Street meeting-house, often 
 mentioned by George Fox." 
 
 TO K. B. 
 
 "London, 9, 7 mo. 1838. 
 
 My dear Sister, — I thought that thou and my 
 brother might be pleased to see, under my own hand, 
 evidence that I am here, and getting into work, in my 
 small way. Yesterday I dined at Plough Court, with 
 Jonathan and H. C. Backhouse, after meeting, where 
 the support and success of those engaged to labour in 
 the ministry of the word were sweetly prayed for by 
 Mary Sterry. After dinner they went to a meeting 
 appointed for the nobility, and I to one for the poor 
 in Spitalfields ; how they fared I have not yet heard. 
 [Friends thought the meeting in Spitalfields an instruc- 
 tive one, George Jones took part in the labour. I be- 
 lieve I had just sufficient light clearly to see my way, 
 and just enough strength to pursue it ; and I now feel 
 just such a portion of peace as induces me to believe 
 that, however imperfect the performance may have 
 been, it has been accepted in its sincerity. I greatly 
 desire to be thankful for having been enabled to 
 deliver my own soul of the burden, and that this is 
 attended by feelings which are calculated to keep me 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 65 
 
 humble. Humility is a grace which I think I covet 
 more than any other. You will have heard that we 
 are likely to have the world (a short one, in all proba- 
 bility, to us) to begin again. — S. C. 
 
 London, 10, 7 mo. 1838. 
 
 Mr dear Elizabeth, — This morning I was at 
 South wark monthly meeting; it was a baptizing time — 
 felt to be so, I apprehend, by most present. I then 
 went to see the tent erected, and am now at Plough 
 Court, waiting the time for meeting ; not anxiously, 
 but certainly under a deep sense of its importance, 
 and in fervent prayer for a blessing. 
 
 7 mo. 11. I think upwards of a thousand attended ; 
 the freeness and simplicity of the gospel were declared, 
 and near access was known to the throne of Him 
 whose blessed Spirit did, I believe, in a good degree 
 preside over us. Several kind friends were there, 
 namely, George Stacey, Joseph Neatby, Samuel 
 Darton, Edward Harris, "Wm. Manley, etc. 
 
 13th. Yesterday I went over the St. Giles's district, 
 and fixed on two places for meetings ; one in the very 
 nest of poor, low creatures. The smell of the streets 
 was almost unbearable. I keep scarcely any other 
 memoranda than these letters ; so perhaps thou wilt 
 keep them together, that we may have them to 
 refer to. 
 
 loth. Eirst-day. This morning I walked through 
 Eag Eair (all busy as a week-day) to Eatcliff meeting, 
 which was a refreshing one, both immediately and 
 instrumentally. Many Eriends were at the meeting in 
 
 E 
 
65 MEMOIR OE SAMUEL CAPPEE. 
 
 the tent in Whitechapel burial-ground. It was large 
 and satisfactory. I think the gospel was fully 
 preached. Eliz. Jos. Pry took a share in it. 
 
 18th. Yesterday I attended Plaistow monthly meet- 
 ing, dined at Joseph Pry's, and had some very in- 
 teresting conversation with his wife. I did not feel 
 quite well this morning, but have been at Peel monthly 
 meeting, after which I came here, to the house of my 
 kind and dear friends Thomas Bevan and wife. He 
 has kindly given me some medicine, and I feel better. 
 I hope one of them will go with me to the meeting in 
 Newport Market. My prayers are fervent that, 
 through close attention to Divine guidance, all may 
 be kept in its right place, and the design of the great 
 Head of the church be answered. I feel to be weak- 
 ness itself; and so much the better, if He is pleased 
 to preside. 
 
 21. I have been present at the examination of the 
 Croydon School; a delightful sight! The children 
 appear to be in good order, and under excellent care. 
 I am much better, which is a great favour. 
 
 7 mo. 24. Our dear sister P. Naish arrived yester- 
 day, and we dined at Plough Court, with Daniel 
 "Wheeler. 
 
 27. Yesterday I attended Dr. Sims' s interment; it 
 was an exercising meeting to me. 
 
 28. I cannot say but that I look forward to the 
 meeting to-morrow, in the worst part of St. Giles's, 
 and to one in Bloomsbury on second-day, w T ith great 
 solicitude. May we be favoured with wisdom and 
 courage ! for they are fearful places. 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPEK. 67 
 
 7 mo. 31. Yesterday I went to the parish officer of 
 St. Giles's, with whom the rector happened to be; 
 and I urged upon them the better scavenging of the 
 part of the parish which is inhabited by the Irish. 
 The rector and chief clerk went, with me and George 
 Neighbour, directly into the district, and I think they 
 will try to cleanse it better. 
 
 8 mo. 2. Yesterday I was at Gracechurch Street 
 monthly meeting, which was a time of close exercise. 
 I found some relief in offering prayer. I felt much 
 stript before the meeting in Bunhill Fields, and so 
 deserted, after sitting down in it, that I thought I 
 had scarcely known the like before. At length, I 
 had a gentle intimation to stand up ; and doctrine 
 did, I believe, distil as the dew upon the thirsty 
 souls ; for which I desire to praise the name of 
 Him who alone is able to furnish with strength and 
 wisdom. 
 
 8 mo. 4. Yesterday, at the meeting for sufferings, 
 several interesting matters were discussed. P. Bedford 
 was furnished with books and tracts for distribution 
 on the Continent. ¥m, Allen, Joseph 2s"eatby, and 
 Robert Forster were appointed to wait on Lord 
 Morpeth respecting the Irish tithe bill. I took 
 tea at the house of a friend named Brown, in Bishops- 
 gate Street, where I was very pleasantly and unex- 
 pectedly joined by Samuel and Maria Fox, who 
 attended the meeting at Friar's Mount. Maria was 
 largely, and very acceptably engaged in it, and it 
 ended well. 
 
 8 mo. 5. First-day. I was at Tottenham meeting, 
 
b» MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 in which I hope what was expressed was in the 
 authority of the Spirit, and that we were favoured 
 with access to the Fountain of light and love. Dear 
 M. Fox had good service. I have a few more meet- 
 ings in view, when I return to London ; after which 
 I hope I may be permitted to remain with you, at 
 least for a time, and to see what we ought to do as to 
 mundane concerns. 
 
 Thy affectionate husband." 
 
CHAPTEE VII. 
 
 1838-1841. 
 
 MARRIAGE OF ONE OF HIS DAUGHTERS — RESUMES HIS TEXT- 
 MEETINGS IN LONDON — HIS FAITH PROVED BY HAVING NO 
 MEANS OF SUPPORTING HIS FAMILY — HOLDS MEETINGS IN 
 GLOUCESTERSHIRE AND WILTSHIRE, ALSO IN MANCHESTER AND 
 LIVERPOOL — ILLNESS AND DEATH OF HIS SON JOHN. 
 
 The reason of Samuel Capper's leaving his service in 
 London unaccomplished, was that he might attend the 
 marriage of one of his daughters, who writes thus to 
 one of her aunts : — 
 
 " Bristol, 7, 8 mo. 1838. 
 My deae Aunt, — My dear father returned home 
 last evening, and I do not know that I ever felt more 
 glad to see him. It has been particularly trying for 
 him to be so much from home just now, but it does 
 not seem right to complaim. He has held twenty- 
 one meetings. My aunt Sarah attended many of 
 them, and says that she would have liked to be at all 
 of them, for her own instruction and edification, in- 
 dependently of the love and sympathy which she felt 
 
 for my father. She says, ' I think would have 
 
 rejoiced to hear his tender invitations to the people, 
 and his beautiful description of the fulness and free- 
 ness of the gospel message, as well as the change of 
 heart essential to holiness. It has been to me more 
 delightful ministry than I have often heard.' My 
 
70 MEMOIR OP SAMUEL CAPPEE. 
 
 father appears quite as well as we expected to see 
 hhn. I hope all the family will be present on fifth- 
 day ; but the assembling of us all brings forcibly to 
 mind the last occasion when we met, and the blank 
 which I believe I shall always feel." 
 
 The marriage took place on the 9th, and S. Capper 
 soon after went back to London, and resumed his 
 labours there. When about to return home, he 
 writes to his wife : — 
 
 "London, 19, 8 mo. 1838. 
 
 My dear Elizabeth, — I am truly thankful for 
 the great and unquestionable assistance which has 
 been graciously vouchsafed in this arduous under- 
 taking, and I feel as if I might now retreat for awhile 
 from active service, and attend to the concerns of this 
 life ; in which I trust we may be rightly directed. 
 
 Thine affectionately, S. Capper." 
 
 .» 
 SAMUEL DARTON TO S. C. 
 
 "Dover, 21, 8 mo. 1838. 
 
 My dear Friend,— As I had not the opportunity 
 of being in thy company, I avail myself of a little 
 leisure just to say to thee, in the freedom of Christian 
 interest, how much sympathy and unity I have felt 
 with thee, in thy late labours of love among the poor 
 of our great metropolis ; and now that thou art 
 favoured once more (as I trust) to reach home in 
 safety, may true peace of mind be thy portion. ! 
 
 I have often felt, and do still feel, much for thee in 
 thy outward trials and exercises; and, however un- 
 
MEMOIR OP SAMUEL CAPPER. 71 
 
 worthy I may be to express it, the language has often 
 arisen on thy behalf, c The Lord hear thee in the day 
 of trouble ! the name of the God of Jacob defend thee, 
 send thee help from the sanctuary, and strengthen 
 thee out of Zion ! ' 
 
 May every blessing attend thee and thine is the 
 desire of thy affectionate friend, Samuel Dartof." 
 
 TO A YOUNG MAX. 
 
 " Bristol'^ 24, 9 mo. 1838. 
 
 Dear , I do not apprehend that I can be of any 
 
 use to thee, but I feel too much interested in thy 
 eternal welfare not to write. It appears to me, from 
 thy last very affectionate letter, that thou art not yet 
 acquainted with the nature of sin. I do not indeed 
 know whether thou admits the testimony of the Holy 
 Scriptures as conclusive ; nor whether thou feelst 
 perfect security, in the prospect of an event which 
 will, before long, occur to every one of us ; but, 
 whatever thy present notions are, I wish thee seriously 
 to consider the awfulness of a mistake on this subject. 
 Art thou always peaceful ? Dost thou not find that 
 the lusts of the flesh, the lust of the eyes, and the 
 pride of life, become more and more influential? — 
 Dost thou ever wish to be delivered from their 
 dominion ? Hast thou ever resolved to resist their 
 further encroachments ? Do the discoveries of Divine 
 light occasionally pierce thy soul, and disturb thy 
 confidence in the safety of thy state ? — and hast thou 
 turned from these discoveries ? Seriously and candidly 
 
72 MEMOIB OP SAMUEL CAPPEE. 
 
 ask thyself these questions, and I believe that thou 
 wilt be forced to come to the conclusion that thou 
 canst not save thyself from the dominion of thy lusts, 
 and that the dominion of these is sinful ; that, if thou 
 art ever delivered from them it must be by Divine 
 power ; that the guilt of sin thou canst never escape, 
 and consequently that thou needst a Saviour. Death 
 is certain ; it may be very near. What can be more 
 unwise than to remain in uncertainty as to our 
 state, in prospect, after death ? Hast thou ever 
 prayed that thou mayst have the truth discovered to 
 thee ? If thou hast not, begin without delay ; and I 
 trust that then it will not be long before a different 
 day dawns upon thy mind. 
 
 I had written thus much when I again read thy 
 letter, and I was agreeably surprised to find in it so 
 many expressions of a desire to be more deeply 
 acquainted with the truth of religion ; but I was also 
 obliged to notice what thou dost not appear to have 
 taken into view, that we shall never attain this expe- 
 rience unless we are willing to take up the cross and 
 follow Christ ; unless we are truly willing that He 
 should reign in our hearts. Pray earnestly that thou 
 mayst feel conviction for sin, — for every deviation 
 from the path of known duty, for every unholy 
 thought, — and it will be granted thee. Then thou 
 wilt feel the value, as my dear Eebecca said, of that 
 Fountain which is opened for sin and for uncleanness. 
 And oh! let us remember the humble fortitude, the 
 unshaken confidence, the heavenly voice of praise, with 
 which she repeated the joyful declaration, 
 
MEMOIR Or SAMUEL CAPPER. 73 
 
 1 Lord ! 1 believe thou hast prepared, 
 
 Unworthy though I be, 
 F©r me a blood-bought, free reward ; 
 
 A golden harp for me !' 
 
 That we may be blest with the same happy conclusion 
 of our lives is my earnest prayer. 
 
 Samuel Capper." 
 
 . DIARY. 
 
 " 1831, 10 mo. 2. I am favoured with great calm- 
 ness, though much tried with the prospect of re-com- 
 mencing the world. I feel some assurance of Divine 
 care over us ; and something like an assurance that, 
 if I live, I shall, by some providential means, be 
 enabled to devote my time more to the service of 
 Christ. I wait to see my way. 
 
 10 mo. 16. It seems desirable to record that we 
 have had a time of close conflict ; not seeing in what 
 way, under our present difficulties, we ought to act. It 
 drives us home, I hope, to the footstool of Divine 
 grace. God graciously grant us to see his will, and 
 give us strength to do it ! I can say, with thankful- 
 ness, that I delight in dwelling near unto God in 
 spirit ; that, although He is pleased to keep us (as ice 
 
 feel it) long in suspense, yet I am able to confide 
 in Him. I heartily desire that I may advance in 
 holiness, and attain to greater simplicity, and more 
 entire devotion to His guidance. 
 
 11 mo. 5. Still without much prospect of a pro- 
 vision for myself, yet I cannot but acknowledge the 
 goodness of God, in the confidence which I feel in his 
 protection. 
 
74 MEMOIR OE SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 11 mo. 9. I feel satisfied with the dispensation 
 which has deprived me of my property, and leaves me 
 very poor. I have no doubt of the necessity of it, and 
 thank God for his mercy, in thus keeping me out of a 
 great temptation to ease and carelessness. 
 
 1839. 1 mo. 15. I experience spiritual refreshment, 
 and cannot help believing that I must be more engaged 
 in the work of the ministry ; and that, in the Lord's 
 time, obstructions will be removed out of the way. 
 
 2 mo. 5. Monthly meeting. I obtained leave to hold 
 a few meetings in Wiltshire and Gloucestershire." 
 
 While absent for this purpose he writes to his 
 
 wife: — 
 
 " Swindon, 8, 4 mo. 1819. 
 
 My dear Elizabeth, — It is a privation to miss 
 the company of our friends who are visiting you, but 
 I am somewhat reconciled to it by believing that I am 
 in my right place : the meetings have been favoured 
 and very relieving. I feel not a little about Joseph's 
 health, and would gladly hear again of him. I believe 
 we can now do but little for our children, but what is 
 to be done by earnest prayers on their behalf. 
 
 Farringdon, 14, 5 mo. 1839. 
 
 .... Yesterday my excellent assistants Geo. Withy 
 and James Bowden got the tent erected at Sparshalt, 
 and we had a blessed meeting there, attended by a 
 solemn sense of Divine power and love. 
 
 It is to be remarked that, in Sparshalt, there is no 
 public house nor drinking shop, and I think the 
 effects may be perceived in the countenances of the 
 
MEMOIR OP SAMUEL CAPPEE. 75 
 
 people. — I am glad to say that, this morning, I feel 
 stript of all but a confidence in Him who, I believe, 
 has called me into this service; for there is great 
 danger, after times of favour, of the creaturely part 
 rising up. I am a little disappointed that I have no 
 letter, but I hope to be kept in patience ; sure that 
 all things will work together for good, to those who 
 are seeking first the kingdom of Grod and his righteous- 
 ness. — I cannot tell what to sayabout business. Though 
 I know the necessity of attending to it, I do not 
 think it would be right to neglect my present engage- 
 ment ; nor do I think that I could give my attention 
 to anything else until this is accomplished.' ' 
 
 S. C. returned home soon after this. 
 
 DIAET. 
 
 " Bristol, 1839, 7 mo. 19. A silent meeting, in which 
 I had very particular views of the state of things in 
 the church at large, in our Society, and in our own 
 particular meeting. I see that the Lord will make 
 his name glorious, and that, notwithstanding the un- 
 faithfulness of our Society, He will more and more 
 bring into view its principles, which are the Gospel. 
 
 7 mo. 21. Eirst-day. A most refreshing meeting ; 
 especially so under the ministry of dear Maria Fox, 
 which flowed with much life, to the encouragement of 
 the faithful disciples of Christ. 
 
 22. Took tea with some of our friends. How I 
 long that, to soundness of principle, there were added 
 faithfulness and simplicity of practice ! 
 
76 MEMOIR OP SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 In the 8th month, paid a visit to mj dear aunt 
 Mary Capper. She is aged eighty-four, and very 
 feeble, but exceedingly sweet, and prepared for eternity. 
 I thought it a great privilege to be sensible of the 
 influence of her pure and sanctified spirit, and to look 
 forward to meet her, ere long, in happiness. 
 
 Bristol, 3, 9 mo. 1839. 
 
 My dear Sister, — When at Birmingham, I paid a 
 visit to dear Eachel Lloyd, who, I believe, finds a stay 
 to her soul under no common conflicts ; and I hope 
 she will be enabled to hold fast her confidence to 
 the end. 
 
 4th. We have just received a family visit, which 
 was a time of great favour. How can any one, once 
 a witness of such seasons, admit the belief that there 
 are no distinct and perceptible influences of the Spirit ! 
 no Divine manifestations of the will of God to man, 
 clearly opened in the heart ! The dedication of our 
 dear friend Gawen Ball, in accompanying D. P. H. in 
 this service, seems a delightful evening sacrifice." 
 
 DIARY. 
 
 " 1839, 9 mo. 8. I feel that my mind must be more 
 devoted to the service of the church ; but that the 
 mode will be clearly seen, and the way pointed out for 
 escape from the difficulties which I am under. 
 
 9 mo. 22. I quite apprehend that I shall have to 
 labour in and about London and Birmingham next 
 summer ; but how I am to be provided for, as to the 
 body, I do not yet see. However, I have faith to 
 believe that all will be rightly ordered, and feel, both 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 77 
 
 humblingly and cheeringly, that I can do nothing by 
 way of contrivance. It is a great support to me thus 
 to be made sensible of my own weakness. 
 
 10 mo. 13. A day of depression, and sense of human 
 infirmities ; but not without a feeling that the pre- 
 paring Hand for service was upon me." 
 
 TO ONE OF HIS NEPHEWS. 
 
 "Bristol, 23, 10 mo. 1839, 
 
 My dear ■ , I have been much gratified by thy 
 
 letter ; it gives me hope that thou wilt bend under 
 Divine power. We can never be sufficiently grateful 
 for those dispensations which awaken us to a sense of 
 our real state, and of our danger ; and which make us 
 feel our need of mercy. I hope thou wilt cherish 
 these feelings as tokens for good. Do not endeavour 
 to dissipate the sense of thy own unworthiness ; human 
 nature requires this sort of discipline. I am very sen- 
 sible that it is so ; and I think I may say that there 
 is no state of mind for which I am more truly thank- 
 ful than the one in which I am the most bowed under 
 this sight. How much, even in a short career of 
 folly and forgetfulness of God, there is to be repented 
 of! and how gracious is our God, in arresting our 
 course by his visitations ! Thy affectionate Uncle." 
 
 DIARY. 
 
 " 1839, 10 mo. 25. Much feeling of abstraction from 
 worldly things, and a renewed deep impression that 
 my calling is to service in the church of Christ — active 
 service. Lord ! make the way clear ! Eemove, if it 
 
78 MEMOIR Or SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 please thee, the difficulties ; and may they be removed 
 just in the way that thy will points out. 
 
 11 mo. 24. First-day. I sat in the morning meeting 
 under much exercise of mind, with some clear views, 
 and apprehension of service. While I was waiting 
 to discern the right time to speak, my dear friend 
 Arnee Frank stood up, and very particularly expressed 
 what was on my mind. In the evening, Elizabeth 
 Dudley spoke, and it also was a favoured meeting. 
 
 26. A highly-favoured meeting ; dear E. Dudley was 
 dipped into feeling with various states, and ministered 
 to them. 
 
 12 mo. 1. Eirst-day. The evening meeting very 
 solemn, and nearly silent. Toward the close, my 
 mouth was opened in supplication ; I thought I felt 
 that I was not alone in this exercise, although my 
 voice only was heard. 
 
 31. Eelt the great privilege of prayer, with some- 
 thing like the answer, * In all thy difficulties, my grace 
 is sufficient for thee.' " 
 
 TO ONE OF HIS NEPHEWS. 
 
 " Bristol, 10, 1 mo. 1840. 
 
 My dear , Bemember that religion is a work 
 
 carried on in the heart, and not in the head. Dwelling 
 much in humility and abasement before the Lord, 
 seeking to learn of the Spirit of Jesus, is our safety. 
 "With regard to keeping retired in meetings, I think 
 I have found that, when the mind wanders, as more 
 or less it does at times, an unperturbed return [to the 
 Object of worship] is the most efficacious ; and, as ex- 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 79 
 
 perience increases, it is often permitted that this trial 
 abates. Thy affectionate uncle, S. C." 
 
 DIARY. 
 " 1840, 1 mo. 21. A time of much travail of soul, 
 for the church at large, and especially for our religious 
 Society, which I have seen must be purified. Solemn 
 sight of exercise and labour to be my portion. The 
 will of the Lord in all things be done ! 
 
 2 mo. 4. My mind is weighed down with the pros- 
 pect of religious service in London, etc. etc. My 
 worldly circumstances increase the trial greatly. 
 
 9. Continued solemn views of the service called for 
 from me this summer, and of my own utter incapacity 
 for the work ; with assurance of Divine support and 
 guidance. Much tried about my pecuniary situation, 
 but a secret belief that I shall be led safely along. 
 
 3 mo. 2. At meeting, I mentioned my prospect of 
 religious service in London, Birmingham, Manchester, 
 and Liverpool. More unity and sympathy were ex- 
 pressed than usual. I pray that the cause of Christ 
 may be exalted by his own power, and that people 
 may be turned from the darkness of empty profession 
 to the true Light." 
 
 FROM LETTERS TO HIS "WIFE. 
 
 " London , 1, 5 mo. 1840. 
 
 My dear Elizabeth, — I have been looking out 
 
 for a place to hold a meeting in Pimlico, and had the 
 
 assistance of a sweet old friend, Stephen Fitzgerald. 
 
 1 felt low and timid, yet had a calm belief that I am 
 
80 MEMOIR OP SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 not out of my right place. Greorge Withy has 
 arrived, and will assist. The cordial manner in which 
 Friends here unite in my engagement has felt very 
 encouraging, and gives me a hope that it may prove 
 to have been of Divine origin; and then no matter 
 who or what the instruments made use of in the 
 work. Nothing can exceed the kindness of our dear 
 friends, Thomas Bevan and wife. 
 
 5 mo. 4. Two meetings have been held in Pimlico. 
 I felt peace in the day's work, though but few attended. 
 How good it is for us to feel that, of ourselves, we 
 can do nothing, and to acknowledge His wisdom who 
 so graciously brings down the creature, and humbles 
 us ! A meeting is appointed in Tothill-fields, among 
 thieves and loose people of the lowest sort. I pray 
 that the Lord may be with us." 
 
 The meeting proved a favoured one. In this visit 
 to London he held nineteen, chiefly among the most 
 degraded of the population. Early in the next month 
 he went to Eirmingham for the same purpose, and 
 again had the help of his kind friend George "Withy. 
 Samuel Capper's trial in leaving home was increased 
 by the illness of two of his sons ; but he was enabled 
 to resign all, in order to be faithful unto Him who 
 had called him into this labour of love. During the 
 course of it, he had to endure many conflicts, yet he 
 could say, " The way is certainly prepared ; the word 
 seems to be like showers on the thirsty ground ;" and 
 this caused him to rejoice and give praise where alone 
 it is due. 
 
MEMOIR OP SAMUEL CAPPEE. 81 
 
 Although he makes frequent allusion, in his diary, 
 etc., to the deep exercise, aud the sense of stripped- 
 ness, which he had to pass through, while under pre- 
 paration for speaking to the states of the people, he 
 was by no means gloomy ; but on the contrary, so 
 cheerful as to be a general favourite among the young. 
 He had much talent for social converse, and greatly 
 enjoyed it ; so that he seemed to be the life of the 
 private circle ; but, with relation to his ministry, he 
 was thankful to be made sensible that he had no 
 strength of his own, and that the Lord alone could 
 enable him availingiy to proclaim his gospel, which he 
 rejoiced when he was strengthened to do, especially 
 to the poor ; and he has been heard to say, that he 
 never felt more at home than when declaring to such 
 " the unsearchable riches of Christ." 
 
 On the 20th of 6 mo. he writes to his wife : " We 
 have great cause to be humbly thankful for the 
 wonderful condescension that we experience in the 
 blessed meetings which we have." He was similarly 
 engaged in Manchester and Liverpool ; from the last- 
 mentioned place, he thus describes the concluding 
 meetings : " They were favoured with the over- 
 shadowing of the wing of Divine goodness, and I feel 
 very thankful thus to close my more public engage- 
 ments here. I have much enjoyed Thomas Thompson's 
 company : he is a most kind support to those engaged 
 as I am." 
 
 After his return home, he had to watch the de- 
 clining days of his son John. This dear youth had, 
 some years before, given way to a temptation to 
 
82 MEMOIR OE SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 indulge in novel reading, which unwholesome practice 
 led him into greater evils ; but of this his parents 
 were quite ignorant until a short time before his 
 death, when they were brought into much sorrow and 
 conflict on his account. His serious illness induced 
 great thoughtfulness, and he told his father that he 
 felt, in a way which he had never before done, the 
 absolute necessity of redemption, and the efficacy of 
 the atoning sacrifice which Christ had offered for sin ; 
 adding that he believed, if it should please the 
 Almighty to take him, He would perfect that which 
 He had begun, utterly unworthy as he himself was. 
 He said he was poor and miserable, and wanting all 
 things ; that he believed his illness had been sent in 
 mercy ; exclaiming, " Oh for patience and resignation 
 to His most holy will ! There are many conflicts and 
 deep baptisms to be gone through before I shall be 
 permitted to behold Him who is all purity ; but, if I 
 am permitted, all the pains will be as nothing. 
 Entreat for me, all of you, that I may find mercy. 
 Nothing short of infinite mercy will do." 
 
 He lingered on, for several months, under much 
 suffering of body and mind; occasionally giving ex- 
 pression to his feelings, 
 
 1841, 1 mo. 14th. As his youngest brother, Thomas, 
 sat by him, he said, "I was about thy age when I 
 first went from home, and I was not careful enough 
 to attend to the "still, small voice" within me, in 
 little things. It is by little and little that we go 
 astray ; and, when we have passed the boundary, we go 
 on by rapid strides. I feel very much parting with 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. S3 
 
 you, particularly the younger part of the family. I 
 feel it very tenderly ; I have not set you such an 
 example as I ought to have done ; I hope this may be 
 a warning to you. I went astray, and the Lord has 
 seen meet to lay his hand very heavily upon me. 
 Though this may be the last time that thou wilt see 
 me here, I believe we shall meet again. If ever thou 
 art in difficulty, do not keep it to thyself; always tell 
 one of thy brothers, or thy father, and ask their 
 advice. Xever countenance evi] in any one, but let 
 them know that thou dost not approve of it. Be 
 careful not to indulge in any bad conversation. I 
 desire very earnestly that thou inayst be preserved 
 from evil company ; and do be particular to keep to 
 the plain language, for there is nothing which keeps 
 out of harm more than that does. — If I might be 
 allowed a little ease ! but I desire to suffer all that is 
 allotted me. ' Other foundation can no man lay 
 than that is laid, Jesus Christ.' Oh, I hope tliat is 
 the foundation on which I have built. Oh, when will 
 He arise, and say, Son, thy sins are forgiven thee ! 
 until then, I must wait and pray. And I am sure 
 you will pray for me, that patience may hold out, and 
 that the everlasting Arm may be underneath me in 
 the hour of deep trial. I hope I am not deceiving 
 myself. I feel utterly vile and unworthy. What a 
 warning not to put off preparation until the day that 
 we are called to give up our stewardship !" To one 
 of his sisters he said, " For the last few days, I have 
 been able to apply some of those gracious promises 
 (and I trust that they have not been applied without 
 
84 MEMOIR OE SAMUEL CAPPEE. 
 
 permission), ' I will not leave thee comfortless ; I will 
 come to thee.' Oh! it is all mercy." To his brother- 
 in-law, John Frank, he said, " No one can tell what I 
 have had to account for ; five or six years of sin and 
 misery ! I do not know that I shall do wrong in 
 telling thee (although I am very careful in speaking, 
 because you all think much too well of me) that it 
 was applied to me several times to-day, Son, thy sins, 
 which are many, are all forgiven thee." 
 
 1 mo. 16th. Early in the morning his father was 
 sitting by his bed, when John was much affected, and 
 said, " I would not wish to grieve thee, by bringing to 
 thy recollection my past misconduct ; but I believe 
 that, seeing me as it were a brand plucked out of the 
 fire, all that will be passed over by thee ; and I think 
 I must tell thee that I have reason to be very thank- 
 ful to thee for thy fatherly admonitions. Although 
 they were often received in silence, yet they made an 
 impression on my mind that none knows but myself; 
 and they often kept me from doing evil, only because 
 I knew it would grieve thee. I am afraid of saying 
 too much, but I believe it is right for your encourage- 
 ment to say that, most of yesterday, the language 
 dwelt on my mind, ' Son ! thy sins are forgiven thee.' 
 Oh ! how gracious a God, to forgive my many sins ! 
 I hope, in the last struggle, I shall not find that I 
 have deceived myself, in applying to my own case the 
 words, 'thy sins are forgiven thee.' ' His father said 
 that he thought it could be no deception, when we 
 saw the great change which had been effected. He 
 was sensible how feebly and imperfectly he had per- 
 
MEMOIR OP SAMUEL CAPPER. 85 
 
 formed the duties of a parent ; but, if they might but 
 know that lie was received by the Saviour, all that 
 they could desire, or pray for, would be granted. 
 John exclaimed, " Oh, do not say so of thyself ! 
 Example is beyond precept, and I believe that I am 
 blest for thy sake, and that thou wilt be blest." His 
 father told him he believed that, during the few 
 remaining days which he himself might live, he 
 should be much engaged in endeavouring to spread 
 the dear Eedeemer's kingdom ; but that, at present, 
 the way did not appear for his liberation. " Oh," said 
 John, " He who appoints to the work will also appoint 
 the way." In the evening he said to one of his 
 sisters, " I wish I could do anything, my very tenderly- 
 loved sister, to console thee under this affliction ; but 
 I believe it will be thy greatest consolation to know 
 that, after a life spent in the service of sin, I have 
 been made meet, through the unutterable and adorable 
 merits and mercy of my glorified Redeemer, to become 
 a partaker of a heavenly crown, and to stand before 
 the throne, praising Him whose power is incon- 
 ceivable, and whose love is equal to it. This will be 
 thy consolation." 
 
 A month from this time, he was still on the bed of 
 languishing. His mother being alone with him, he 
 gave her his hand, and remarked, "The Lord is 
 afflicting me sore, but I trust He will enable me to 
 bear it. I feel that I have been very far from what I 
 ought to have been, either as a son or a brother ; but 
 if you have evidence of my acceptance, I know that 
 will be more to you than anything else; and if I 
 
8(3 MEMOIR OP SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 should be received at the eleventh hour, I hope that 
 nothing will be said of me but that I was as a brand 
 plucked out of the fire." 
 
 On the 1st of 3 mo. he twice spoke of the sense 
 which he had that his sins were forgiven, though they 
 had been set in order before him. He mentioned the 
 advantage to sons of having a father to whom they 
 might open their minds about their spiritual concerns ; 
 but remarked, that it was of no service while the mind 
 was not disposed to avail itself of the favour. 
 
 On the 4th, his breathing being difficult, his father 
 asked if anything could be done to relieve him; to 
 which he answered, " Not that I am aware of, except 
 to pray for me." 
 
 Early in the morning of the 6th he was so ill that 
 the family gathered round him, when he signified that 
 he could look to a reconciled Father in heaven. One 
 of his brothers remarking that whosoever cometh 
 unto Christ will not be cast out, he replied, " JN"o ! I 
 have felt this morning that He will never leave me, 
 nor forsake me. It has pleased Him, in mercy, to 
 afflict me, and I have had to bless Him for it ; but 
 now, if He sees proper to say, It is enough, I shall 
 
 be thankful O Almighty Father, be pleased, 
 
 in thy unbounded mercy, to cut short the work in 
 righteousness ! nevertheless, not my will but thine be 
 done! And oh, be pleased to look down with pity 
 on these my very dear relatives, and support them in 
 the hour of trial ! and be pleased to be with me, in the 
 deep valley of the shadow of death ! but I will fear no 
 evil, for Thou hast promised that thy rod and thy 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 8/ 
 
 staff shall comfort rue. Be pleased to grant me 
 resignation !" About five minutes after uttering these 
 words, he most quietly expired, aged nearly twenty-five. 
 On the preceding day his father wrote : — 
 
 "Bristol, 5, 3 mo. 1841. 
 
 My dear Nephew, — Within the last week, we 
 have seen John just on the brink of eternity. He 
 has suffered much, in consequence of some misdeeds 
 which have embittered his mind ; happily, I believe 
 that he has sought and found repentance and recon- 
 ciliation. "What a mercy it is i For the last few days, 
 he has appeared peculiarly sweet and placid, which 
 tends to make me believe that he will, ere long, be 
 taken from us. This all-absorbing subject leaves me 
 hardly any thought for others. 
 
 Thy affectionate uncle, S. C. 
 Bristol, 25, 3 mo. 1841. 
 
 My dear so^" Thomas, — I have often recurred to 
 the scenes which we so lately witnessed ; and, although 
 I am still of the mind that we have great cause for 
 thankfulness, as regards dear John's experience of 
 forgiveness, yet the fearful risk that he ran, by 
 leading so unholy a life, comes frequently over my 
 mind like a thunder-shock, and requires that I should 
 summon the recollection of the sore conflicts which 
 he endured, and of his assurance of forgiveness, in 
 order to relieve my uneasiness. I have often fervently 
 desired his deliverance from evil, when I was in 
 ignorance of the extent of its dominion over him ; but 
 this sad proof of the depravity of human nature makes 
 
00 MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPEE. 
 
 me more than ever solicitous that you who are young 
 may, as thou sayst, take warning ; and, by humbly 
 seeking strength where alone it is to be found, may 
 be preserved from the insidious snares and galling 
 yoke of sin. ' Tears of sin and misery,' he said, poor 
 fellow ! that he had passed ; indeed, they always are 
 companions. 
 
 Bristol, 2, 5 mo. 1841. 
 
 My dear Thomas, — We had not heard from Totten- 
 ham or York for several days till this morning. Thy 
 cousin George Harris died at Tottenham, it appears, 
 on sixth-day, when it was very relieving to have his 
 parents at home with him. They had been detained 
 at York by William's life being so uncertain. Dear 
 George was not able to converse much with them, but 
 he seemed glad of their presence. It is very pleasant, 
 in thinking of this dear boy, to feel satisfied that the 
 truths of religion had made a deep impression on his 
 mind, and that he had experienced that change of 
 heart without which we cannot hope for an admittance 
 into the kingdom of God and of Christ. How delightful 
 it is, when we think of our friends gone before us, 
 to believe that even those who had deeply sinned have 
 washed their garments, and 'made them white in 
 the blood of the Lamb !' and that, should we have 
 the like blessed experience, and not live after the 
 flesh, but through the Spirit mortify the deeds of the 
 body, we may hope to join them in a happy eternity !" 
 
CHAPTEK Till, 
 
 1841—1848, ' 
 
 LABOURS IX IRELAND, ETC. 
 
 Ox the 6 th. of the 4 mo. 1S41, Samuel Capper laid 
 before his monthly meeting a prospect of service in 
 some parts of Ireland, among the poor and degraded 
 of the population ; and a certificate was directed to 
 be prepared. Of this engagement he had had a view 
 since travelling in that country on business some years 
 previously. 
 
 Having received a letter from Ireland, evincing some 
 timidity as regarded the peculiar character of the 
 service contemplated, with reference to the public 
 meetings, he wrote to a friend in that land a letter, 
 from which the following is extracted : — 
 
 "Bristol, 20, 4 mo. 1841. 
 
 .... I am not surprised that Friends, unaccustomed 
 to the peculiar service to which I believe myself 
 called, should be somewhat startled at it ; and it will 
 certainly be my place to acquiesce in the decision of 
 Friends, should they think it best that I should not 
 proceed. Personally, I might be induced to feel that 
 your doubts present an opportunity, which my inclina- 
 tion would be pleased to embrace, of withdrawing from 
 a service by no means gratifying ; at the same time, I 
 would offer a few remarks, for the consideration of 
 
90 MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 thyself and the kind friends who have taken an interest 
 
 in the subject. 
 
 In contemplating this engagement in your nation, 
 
 I could not do otherwise than ponder the points so 
 
 strongly set forth in thy letter; viz., the risk of 
 
 disturbance and personal danger, to others as well as 
 
 myself; but, when these things have come discou- 
 
 ragingly into view, it has been accompanied with 
 
 a feeling that, if we are desirous of being the servants 
 
 of Christ, we must be willing to follow those requirings 
 
 which are made manifest to us. I have been favoured 
 
 not to be uneasy about the issue. It may be, as has 
 
 been much the case in this land, even in the worst 
 
 neighbourhoods, we have often had quiet, satisfactory 
 
 meetings ; nor do I think, were I certain that much 
 
 difficulty and danger would attend, that I dare, on 
 
 that account, abandon the engagement. I shall only 
 
 add, that I am quite disposed to act in accordance with 
 
 the judgment of Friends, but should be uneasy if 
 
 the omission of this apprehended duty were to lie 
 
 upon me." 
 
 DIARY. 
 
 " 1841, 5 mo. 20. First-day. Two very solemn and 
 refreshing meetings, although deeply humbling ; as a 
 sense was given me of the feebleness and imperfection 
 of the creature, also of the fulness and power of 
 Divine grace, and a promise of help and preserva- 
 tion, in the contemplated visit to Ireland." 
 
 Various obstacles prevented his commencing this un- 
 dertaking till the 7th month, when he entered upon it, 
 accompanied by his friends Thomas Doyle and Eobert 
 
MEHOIB OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 91 
 
 Charlton. He and his dedicated helpers had much to 
 pass through during the service. On landing at Cork 
 he had the kind help of some of his friends, whilst 
 others held back, calling it an awful engagement, etc. 
 
 DIAET. 
 
 " 7 mo. 6th. A public meeting was held at Eandon, 
 about fifteen miles from Cork, which was attended 
 by both Protestants and Eoman Catholics. There 
 might be about 500 present, many of them quite 
 young. Several "Wesleyan preachers were there, one 
 of whom thought the tent admirably calculated to 
 meet the prejudices of the people. "We had reason to 
 be thankful for Divine grace and love, and the meeting 
 ended well." 
 
 Writing to his wife, he says, in reference to this 
 meeting: — "I understood that the lender of the 
 ground said that he should have been much grieved if 
 he had not permitted Friends to hold the meeting. 
 He thought that fully half of the people were 
 Romanists. Thou mayst suppose that I suffered 
 much yesterday; though Vm. Harvey, TTm. Martin, 
 and George Cox, all seemed to enter heartily into the 
 matter, I could not forget that some Friends in Cork 
 had expressed their wish that I could be willing to 
 give up a prospect which they consider as truly awful. 
 I am more and more convinced that the disjointed 
 state of [general] society in this country is kept up 
 and heightened by the unwholesome distance at which 
 the Protestants live with the Eoman Catholics ; in 
 which. Friends have their share. 
 
92 MEMOIR OP SAMUEL CAPPEB. 
 
 7 mo. 8. A good monthly meeting. Friends ap- 
 peared rather less disposed to discouragement, and a 
 committee was appointed to assist in carrying out the 
 service. 
 
 9th. Came to Skibbereen, and held a meeting ; about 
 700 present. 
 
 10. "We went to Skull ; and, after a day wherein 
 followed a succession of circumstances calculated to 
 humble us, and to drive us to the Source of all spiritual 
 strength, I retired to rest, confirmed in the conviction 
 that we must look alone to Divine direction and 
 support. 
 
 1841, 7 mo. 11. First-day. "We held a meeting in 
 the tent, but the priest of Bally dehob, who celebrates 
 mass at Skull, publicly cursed us from the altar, and 
 forbade his hearers going to look at the tent ; yet 
 about 400 were present, and a precious season it was. 
 The company appeared to be serious persons, to whom 
 I felt engaged to declare the unsearchable riches of 
 Christ! 
 
 12th. Came to Bantry, where I was disposed to sit 
 with the Methodists, in their little meeting-house, but 
 they were afraid to meet, as several Protestants had 
 had their windows broken, and they feared lest their 
 meeting-house should be pulled down. There is a 
 bitter, malevolent spirit fostered by the priests on the 
 one side, and a great want of love and forbearance on 
 the other, 
 
 25. Kinsale. A beautiful morning ; the air delight- 
 ful! I have had a refreshing night, and woke with 
 renewed confidence that the power and love of Christ 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 93 
 
 will sustain, whatever may be the trials of the day ; 
 bat strongly felt the opposition to the spiritual reign 
 of Him whom the poor ignorant followers of the 
 priests profess to worship, and also the bitterness of 
 the priests themselves. Whether we may be allowed 
 a quiet meeting (appointed in an old brewery belonging 
 to George Dunn, who freely offered it) is very un- 
 certain. The weight of the concern rests heavily on 
 me. I hope I do, above all things, desire that the 
 will of God may be done, whatever of trial and 
 suffering it may involve. 
 
 26. ~We had a truly refreshing, baptizing oppor- 
 tunity with about 200, among whom I cannot doubt 
 that there were some really devoted persons. It was 
 a season of unusual pouring out of the Spirit." 
 
 After holding ten public meetings, he returned home 
 on the 5th of 8 mo. 
 
 DIARY, etc. 
 
 " 1841, 8 mo. 8. First-day. I have enjoyed much 
 peace during the last week ; and, although my mind 
 shrinks from the probability, if I live, of a renewal of 
 the like employment in Ireland next summer, yet I 
 hope to be resigned to it, and that I shall be helped 
 to stand, in the power of Him who cares for every 
 little one among his disciples. 
 
 1842, 1 mo. 1. This year begins with a solemn feel- 
 ing of the uncertainty of my living to see it pass away. 
 I feel humbly dependent on Divine strength, and I 
 desire that the will of Grod, as regards me, may be 
 done. Should I live a few months, I feel that it is 
 
94 MEM0IK OP SAMUEL CAPPEB. 
 
 probable some unusual and trying services may be 
 required of me ; but what is there that we ought not 
 to rejoice to do, for the sake of the despised cause of 
 Christ on the earth ! I do not mean that talking may 
 abound, but the true experience of his blessed pre- 
 sence and teachings. The world may abound in talkers, 
 but it loves not the sufferers for His name. 
 
 Bristol, 15, 1 mo. 1842. 
 
 My dear , It gave me pleasure to find that thy 
 
 mind still continues to pursue the great object of a 
 fuller acquaintance with thy own imperfections and 
 corruptions, and with the grace, goodness, and holiness 
 of G-od; which, when seen, are apt to fill the mind 
 with humility and love. It is a wonderful thing that, 
 as far as I can ascertain, no known growth precludes 
 a farther progress ; and that which, at an early period 
 of a Christian course, appears to be a state of purity, 
 as we approach it, is seen to be but a stage of progress 
 toward a more pure and heavenly condition. How 
 delightful it is to perceive that we are so gently and 
 graciously dealt with that the whole of the designs of 
 perfect wisdom and love toward us are reserved till 
 we are able to bear them ! I think that, amid great 
 trials which cannot well be put upon paper, some of 
 my family are taking steps in this blessed progress ; 
 and I feel that every dispensation which promotes this 
 is a blessing. Joseph's health is far from strong ; he, 
 his wife, and two little girls are with us. There is 
 such a wonderful difference in the construction of Irish 
 and English society, that, without being there, it would 
 be almost impossible to say what we could or could 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 95 
 
 not do, in the way of obtaining comfortably con- 
 ducted public meetings ; however, I believe I must 
 try, if I live till next 5th month. IsLy own feeling is, 
 that if my Cos. John Cadbury and George Withy 
 were willing to accompany me, no persons would be 
 more calculated to surmount the difficulties that we 
 should inevitably meet with. I am quite aware that 
 we go at great risk of insult, and perhaps of some 
 injury to our persons ; but that consideration ought 
 not to deter from a clearly apprehended duty. 
 
 Bristol, 1, ± mo. 1842. 
 "My dear brother, Joh^, — I was pleased to 
 receive a few lines from thee, which I did while at 
 Calne. My wife and I proceeded to 3Ielksham, and 
 attended the quarterly meeting. Our dear old friend, 
 Arnee Frank (much disabled by the seizure which he 
 had eighteen years ago), was paying a visit to Friends. 
 He was wonderfully engaged in stirring up those who 
 may be too much settled in a security in anything 
 short of renewing grace. We are, as thou wilt per- 
 ceive, now returned home, and perhaps may pass a 
 few quiet weeks before I depart for a scene of no 
 small exercise of patience and endurance. Indeed, I 
 know not what may await us in that (all but in name) 
 pagan land. Of course, I speak generally; many and 
 blessed exceptions there are, but the mass is leavened 
 with a spirit at enmity with gospel light. I wish 
 thee to accept of the selections from John Barclay's 
 papers ; however either of us may in any instance 
 differ from him, in any of his apprehensions, we can- 
 not read his records of feeling, or his letters, without 
 
96 MEMOIR OP SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 a conviction of the deep piety and unreserved devo- 
 tion which he cultivated; and I have been greatly- 
 instructed by observing how the beauty and purity of 
 gospel truth were gradually presented to his mind; 
 something resembling what our blessed Lord said to 
 his disciples, ' I have many things to say unto you, 
 but ye cannot bear them now ;' and they were opened 
 unto them as they were able to bear them. Joseph 
 is much relieved from acute pain ; and we hope he 
 will be able to take charge of my little concerns in my 
 absence. Thy affectionate brother, S. C." 
 
 DIARY, etc. 
 
 " 1842, 4 mo. 10. I wish we may all be more and 
 more solicitous to learn of Christ, as He is pleased to 
 teach by his Holy Spirit in our hearts ; thus we shall 
 find that He will discover to us his will, and lead us 
 in the way of the cross, which is the path of fruit- 
 fulness unto G-od ; and we shall know of the doctrine. 
 'By their fruits ye shall know them,' was our holy 
 Redeemer's own rule; beautiful and simple! The 
 fruits of the Spirit are love, but the fruits of the flesh 
 (notwithstanding the highest pretensions and pro- 
 fession of religion) are the love of the world, making 
 merchandise of the profession of the religion of Jesus, 
 persecution, malice, revenge, and every evil work. 
 
 Bristol, 23, 4. 1842. 
 
 My dear sister K. B. — My mind has often been 
 introduced into much feeling with you. "Wisely, have 
 I thought, are we each of us dealt with; just, no 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 97 
 
 doubt, as we require the hand of perfect love and 
 perfect knowledge to be laid upon us ! I have still 
 the same sources of trial ; yet we cannot but say that 
 we are mercifully dealt with. I sometimes think that 
 I have need of faith, rather more lively than I always 
 possess, to leave home on so arduous and solemn an 
 engagement, under all these circumstances. Tet I 
 remember that the way has always been made for me. 
 I was gladdened by the account of my dear brother's 
 amendment ; but, above all, I did feel the preciousness 
 of that gracious influence that preserves you both in 
 calm acquiescence in the Divine will, and supports in 
 patience under suffering. Affectionately, S. C." 
 
 DIARY. 
 
 " 1842, 5 mo. 1. This was a day of spiritual access 
 to the throne of grace, and a very sweet sense of the 
 love of God, and of his care over even the disobedient 
 and unfaithful; in which the offering of prayer was 
 called for, and access known for all." 
 
 Thus was this dedicated servant prepared for enter- 
 ing on his arduous service in Ireland, from which his 
 nature shrank, but which he durst not give up. He 
 attended the commencement of the yearly meeting in 
 London, and then sailed. The following are extracts 
 from letters to his wife, and from his diary, given 
 according to date : — 
 
 "Dublin, 19, 5 mo. 1842. 
 
 My dear Elizabeth,- — It was particularly cheering 
 to find Cos. John Cadbury thoroughly prepared to 
 
 H 
 
98 MEMOIR OP SAMUEL CAPPEE. 
 
 devote bis time and energies to the work before us, 
 and especially comforting to be assured, both orally 
 and by feeling, that his dear wife was perfectly pre- 
 pared to give him up. It is a great deal that he 
 leaves ; a large family, business, etc. It is pleasant 
 to find that he can repose so much confidence in our 
 nephews, A. J. and W. C. Naish, and I sincerely hope 
 that things will go on comfortably in his absence. 
 Our dear Aunt Mary is certainly failing, but still 
 sweet in spirit and warm in love. The meeting of 
 ministers and elders in London was, I think, unusually 
 favoured with heavenly goodness ; under a sense of 
 which William Forster bore a noble testimony to the 
 excellency of that power which so gloriously broke forth 
 at the first rise of our Society. I do deeply sympathize 
 with oar dear Joseph and his wife ; but I feel a confi- 
 dence that, as they are preserved humble and teach- 
 able, and willing to endure chastisement, the time 
 will come when they will be owned as children of the 
 Lord, to their inexpressible comfort. On the journey, 
 I was favoured with some solemn reflections ; and 
 though they tended to prove the great weakness and 
 infirmity which encompass me, I was not without a 
 sustaining assurance that, whatever humiliation or 
 trial might await us, the name and power of the 
 Eedeemer will be exalted, and his kingdom in some 
 degree spread ; and, if so, we may be truly thankful 
 for all that befals us. 
 
 Limerick, 5 mo. 21. In passing through the various 
 towns, on our journey from Dublin to Limerick, it 
 was a great comfort to see, as we were able clearly to 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 99 
 
 do, that the present depressed state of trade has not 
 affected Ireland as it would have done, had it not 
 been for Theobald Mathew's exertions, and the effects 
 produced by sober habits. 
 
 I have thought it best to propose a meeting to- 
 morrow, and earnestly pray that the cause of the ever 
 blessed truth may not suffer, through unwatchfulness 
 or unfaithfulness. A kind and sympathizing interest, 
 manifested by Friends here, tends much to endear 
 them, and to strengthen me to move on in what I 
 apprehend to be right. My heart is deeply affected 
 with a sense of the need and efficacy of prayer, in 
 order to be preserved from error, and to obtain the 
 clear indications of the Master's will. 
 
 5 mo. 23. We held the meeting, which seems to 
 have encouraged Friends much ; about four hundred 
 present ; it was very quiet ; the people seem anxious 
 to attend, but say, ' We dare not come, for fear of the 
 clergy.' 
 
 24th. Whether we may ever be permitted to know 
 that any benefit results to these poor things by these 
 efforts or not, I feel persuaded that a chord is touched, 
 in some of their hearts, which will continue to vibrate 
 toward the blessed influences of Divine truth. Our 
 dear friend Hobert Charlton has arrived. 
 
 5 mo. 25. Yesterday we walked about for several 
 hours, looking into the cabins of the poor, where, 
 with few exceptions, we found cleanliness and comfort, 
 much decent furniture, and good beds, frequently 
 with beautiful white counterpanes ; nearly all, fruits 
 of total abstinence. The gigantic and celebrated 
 ' LcfC. 
 
100 MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 distillery lies desolate, only inhabited by rats. Every 
 brewer but one, in this city of 80,000 inhabitants, 
 has given up the trade ; and that one seeks his limited 
 support beyond the precincts of his own city. 
 
 26. We had a heavenly meeting, under the tent, in 
 Watts' s Foundry-yard, Irish Town, as far as I could 
 judge ; and I think others also felt it to be a blessed 
 opportunity, in which the power of the love of Christ 
 reached the people's minds. The stillness was truly 
 admirable, in which the meeting broke up. 
 
 27. We have a meeting appointed for to-night at 
 Garry Owen. I earnestly desire that the Head of the 
 church may condescend to be with us. Garry Owen 
 is esteemed the most lawless district in Ireland, not- 
 withstanding which the number of women Friends 
 who attended the meeting with me was much in- 
 creased. I am disposed to consider this quite as 
 satisfactory as any which has been held. The high 
 constable attended, as he has done nearly every 
 meeting. He kindly made way for us to retire 
 through the crowd, and remarked the great attention 
 of the people, saying, ' They were afraid to draw their 
 breath, for fear of losing any part of what was said.' 
 He himself behaved with the greatest propriety and 
 kindness. 
 
 31. I proceed in great fear ; not of man, but lest I 
 should, in any degree, be turned out of the right way. 
 There is no part of the all-wise dealings of the Head 
 of the church, with his followers, more salutary and 
 necessary than those which tend to keep us humble ; 
 and for such I feel increasingly thankful. 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 101 
 
 6 mo. 2. Oppressed and weighed down with the 
 horrible darkness of Popery; it seems almost im- 
 penetrable ; but we know not the day nor the hour 
 token, nor the means by which, it may please the Lord 
 to dissipate this thick cloud. We have only to be 
 found watching to know our duty, and faithful to 
 discharge it." 
 
 This was truly his endeavour, but he had much to 
 endure. Considerable opposition was manifested in 
 some of the towns, and, in one, they were assailed by 
 stones, as they were leaving the ground where the 
 tent had been erected ; but no one was materially 
 injured. 
 
 DIARY. 
 
 " 1842, 6 mo. 5. AVe had a solemn and sweet meeting 
 in the Methodist chapel at Tralee ; about three hundred 
 were present, probably one-third Eomanists. 
 
 6th. Friends sought diligently for an inclosed yard 
 to put up the tent in, but without success ; as, although 
 there were several very eligible which belonged to 
 Protestants, they were so fearful of injury, in the 
 way of their business, that they would not permit us 
 to use them. They, however, recommended our trying 
 the Milk-market. "We were doubtful about it, but 
 the tent was set up. The opposition of the priests 
 was soon manifest through their agents. There ap- 
 peared a disposition to demolish the tent, so that, 
 after some of us had sat a few minutes quietly there, 
 while the rest were engaged in preserving it, we found 
 it best to relinquish our intention. There was a 
 
102 MEMOIR Or SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 stronger indication here of malevolent feeling, against 
 those whom they call heretics, than I have seen 
 elsewhere. It is quite clear that Popery is the same 
 now as in the days of Mary. Oh, the darkness of the 
 priests ! The people would be very accessible if it 
 were not for them. 
 
 6 mo. 10. Attended the youth's meeting for Tip- 
 per ary, held at Cahir. I was impressed with the 
 belief that our being there was in the ordering of best 
 "Wisdom ; it was a searching time. About forty men 
 and seventy women were present. These meetings 
 have no exact parallel in England ; they are, in fact, 
 meetings for worship, part of the time being occupied 
 by reading some portions of the approved writings of 
 Friends ; often a share of doctrinal matter, and another 
 of interesting biography. Pauses intervene, and op- 
 portunities are taken to make remarks, or for the 
 exercise of what may be more strictly considered as 
 ministry. 
 
 11. It is very kind of my friends to think so much 
 of us, but we have need of sympathy. 
 
 13. I breakfasted with the widow Jane Jacob ; a 
 very sweet and valuable woman. With her and her 
 daughters I had a refreshing time. After dining at 
 Upper Cahir Abbey on the way, we went to Tipperary, 
 where we held a large meeting in the tent, about 
 five hundred being present, who were most properly 
 behaved and very attentive. We have reason to be 
 thankful that one more meeting has been held in which 
 we believe that the cause of truth has not suffered. 
 
 1842, 6 mo. 14. Held a relieving meeting at Clogheen. 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPEK. 103 
 
 Had ray mind been at liberty for such enjoyment, I 
 should have had much pleasure from the sight of 
 the Knockmeldown mountains, and of the more distant 
 G-altees. It is a fine country, but there are so many 
 sources of painful reflection that the face of it seems 
 marred. 
 
 15. In a neighbouring meeting I was deeply tried 
 to see things let down as they are, and the spirit of 
 the world reigning in those who profess to be the 
 disciples of Him whose kingdom is not of this world. 
 "We had a meeting in the tent, the evening of this 
 day, in an orchard near the castle of the Earl of 
 G-lengall. I believe that about four hundred were 
 present, and it was a satisfactory time to our friends. 
 To myself it was a laborious one, as I felt worn with 
 so much exertion and conflict. 
 
 17. Thurles. An emissary of the priests came to 
 the tent and drove all the people out of it, saying 
 many bitter things. ~We remained a short time, but 
 were obliged to give up the attempt to hold a meeting. 
 I feel low and tried." 
 
 Before leaving Thurles, Samuel Capper wrote an 
 address to the inhabitants, explaining the object of the 
 meeting intended to have been held. He writes to 
 his wife — " Eroin Thurles, we rode eight miles to 
 Templemoor, but the report of our treatment had 
 been carried here, and we found it vain to try to 
 obtain a place for the tent, or a room of any descrip- 
 tion; so we returned to Clonmel." 
 
 He passed the next first-day at Clonmel, and writes : 
 " The remains of Elizabeth Davis were buried. As is 
 
104 MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPEK. 
 
 usual in this country, the interment attracted a great 
 concourse, and I hope the opportunity may be bene- 
 ficially remembered by many. We had a large public 
 meeting in the evening, and I have seldom, according 
 to my apprehension, been present at a more favoured 
 season. A large portion of the company were Roman 
 Catholics, but the sense of the sincerity and devoted- 
 ness of many was such as seemed to open the way for 
 deep instruction ; and, in the end, for such access in 
 prayer as it was truly cheering to experience. 
 
 6 mo. 20. At Urlingford, we sat down with a few 
 quiet, attentive persons, but others were in a very 
 different disposition ; and, when the meeting broke 
 up, they hooted and pelted Eriends, and continued 
 screeching for hours. No conception, without being 
 in contact with it, can be formed of the rancorous 
 i'eeling of the priests and their coadjutors. They feel 
 that their power is in danger, from the increased 
 sobriety of the people, and every nerve is strained to 
 keep out light from their minds. 
 
 22. Anner Mills. Here we are most affectionately 
 entertained, but I feel the effect of the various things 
 which press upon my spirits. I am weighed down by 
 the darkness, oppression, etc., of the priests, which 
 will never be fully known in this state of being ; and 
 by the incompleteness of the relief obtained, etc. etc." 
 
 After holding eighteen meetings he returned home, 
 and had peace in the retrospect of his endeavours to 
 discharge his duty toward the poor benighted inha- 
 bitants of that land, for whom he deeply felt, pur- 
 
MEMOIE OP SAMUEL CAPPEK. 105 
 
 posing, however, to return with the view of attending 
 the quarterly meeting at Limerick, and of holding 
 some farther public meetings in the counties of 
 "Wexford, Cork, and Waterford. He accordingly pro- 
 ceeded again to Ireland in the seventh month, accom- 
 panied by D. P. Hack, who was about to enter upon a 
 general visit to Friends in that country. 
 
 He attended the quarterly meeting for ATunster, 
 held at Limerick on the 17th. Several of the Friends 
 assembled there continued to view the service of 
 holding meetings among the Eoman Catholic popula- 
 tion with so much alarm, owing to the oppositon, 
 difficulty, and danger which had in some instances 
 occurred, that they advised him not to pursue the 
 engagement any farther; and this opinion was so 
 strongly expressed to him at the quarterly meeting 
 of ministers and elders, that, although his mind did 
 not feel relieved, he believed it right to submit, in con- 
 descension to his brethren, and, leaving his burden with 
 them, quietly to return home, and give up his certificate. 
 
 It is a satisfaction to know that the opposition to 
 his prosecution of this work of faith did not arise 
 from any disunity with his ministry or conduct. 
 DIAET, etc. 
 
 "Bristol, 1842, 10 mo. 9. Eirst-day. Elizabeth 
 Dudley was very acceptably engaged in the ministry. 
 
 11. A discourse from E. D. at meeting, which con- 
 firmed me in the apprehension that I must again 
 visit Ireland. 
 
 23. Had a clear view of going there, much against 
 my inclination." 
 
106 MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPEE. 
 
 TO HIS YOUNGEST SON. 
 
 "Bristol, 4, 11 mo. 1842. 
 
 My deab, Thomas, — I do not very often write to 
 thee, though I often think of thee. Of thy possessing 
 as many comforts as fall to the lot of most young 
 men I entertain no doubt, and I think thou art 
 disposed to make thyself master of thy business. I 
 hope thou art also desirous of improving thy mind on 
 subjects calculated to make thee a valuable member 
 of civil society, which I consider a duty that we owe 
 to our fellow-men. I am, however, more solicitous 
 on another subject than on either of these ; and 
 that is, thy yielding to the secret influences of that 
 Spirit manifested in the human heart as a witness 
 for God against our corrupt inclinations ; humbling 
 us, and bringing us, in real contrition, to seek for 
 Divine help to overcome all that is opposed to the 
 holiness in which we are called to walk. Be per- 
 suaded that it is much easier to bear the cross, 
 when early submitted to, than when our wills have 
 grown strong ; and that we best consult our* real 
 happiness by this early dedication." 
 
 DIABY. 
 "11 mo. 14. My mind has, for many weeks, been 
 closely exercised with the conviction that I must again 
 offer myself to the work in which I have been engaged 
 in Ireland ; that deep travail of spirit and sore dis- 
 couragement will be my portion, but that, to some 
 poor creatures, a message of mercy is designed. I 
 must leave all, and live one day at once." 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPEE. 107 
 
 During this summer, the wife of his eldest son died, 
 after a short illness. Her husband, Joseph Capper, 
 had long been in very delicate health ; and, after her 
 death, he and his two little girls took up their abode 
 with his father. This was no small addition to his 
 cares, but it was also a great satisfaction thus to 
 nurse them in his bosom. 
 
 TO HIS YOUNGEST SOX. 
 
 "Neath, 25, 1 mo. 1843. 
 My dear sox Thomas, — Here I am, detained day 
 after day, and I know not when I may be liberated. 
 I received thy affectionate letter, and do not like 
 longer to delay saying that it was very satisfactory 
 to me, as it gave me reason to hope that thou art dis- 
 posed to consider the value of true religion, which we 
 can never do too early. It has a most salutary effect 
 in moderating our expectations, and calming our pas- 
 sions. This is admitted by nearly every professor, 
 but human nature does not so readily admit (at least, 
 not practically) that these blessed effects are only 
 wrought out by the humbling, baptizing work of the 
 Holy Spirit in our hearts ; that this must be prayed for, 
 waited for, and in all sincerity believed in, and obeyed. 
 It is while under this operation that our hearts 
 condemn us, and that we feel the value, preciousness, 
 and necessity of a Saviour ; and are willing to accept 
 of salvation on the terms of submission to the teach- 
 ings of the Holy Spirit. What else do we mean by the 
 prayer, uppermost with every sincere believer in these 
 doctrines, Thy will be done ! — Farewell, my dear son, 
 and the Grod of peace be with thee." 
 
108 MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 TO ANOTHER OF HIS CHILDREN. 
 
 "Bristol, 23, 2 mo. 1843. 
 
 My dear , It has not been because it did not 
 
 awaken my tender sympathy that I have not yet re- 
 plied to thy letter ; perhaps, indeed, the nature and 
 degree of the feelings stirred up may have been one 
 cause of delay. First, I am somewhat in the state of 
 being overpowered with a sense of the undeserved 
 favour which we have enjoyed by being permitted to 
 believe that the two dear children who have been 
 taken from us have known the sanctifying influence 
 of the Holy Spirit — the one Lord, one faith, one bap- 
 tism — at different periods and under different circum- 
 stances ; yet, in mercy, loth saved ! Then the hope 
 that you who are left are, several of you, under the 
 compassionate regard of the Shepherd of Israel, and 
 the trust, which I sometimes am able to entertain, that 
 all may or will be effectually brought to the know- 
 ledge of the truth as it is in Jesus. When I consider 
 how faintly our desire for your spiritual welfare has 
 been felt, how feebly the race has been pursued in 
 your sight, I feel deeply the graciousness of Him who 
 has been pleased, in his rich love and compassion, to 
 stretch out the arms of invitation to you ; almost to 
 be said, in some sort, to compel you to come in. 
 Secondly, the abounding mercy to us, in arresting our 
 career toward what would have been esteemed affluence 
 in this life ; wherein I am sensible there was great 
 danger that lukewarmness might have overcome, to a 
 greater degree than it has done. And, thirdly, the 
 blessing of support under many close trials, and espe- 
 
ME^IOIE OF SAMIJEL CAPPER. 109 
 
 cially in the discharge of those duties to which I have 
 felt myself called. Xow my mind, affected by these 
 thoughts, was prepared, on any fresh manifestation of 
 Divine love and condescension to us, to admit, in a 
 large degree, the sense of our unworthiness, and of 
 the richness of that grace that visits you. I have long- 
 believed that one instance of this unmerited regard is 
 the tendering power of Almighty love on thy heart, 
 attracting toward Himself, and giving the desire to be 
 conformed to His will ; causing thee to sit down and 
 count the cost of enlisting under His banner ; and I 
 now believe that thy path is not altogether hidden 
 from thee. That the path of every true Christian is, 
 and must be, one of self-denial — their exercise, the 
 bearing of the cross — is a truth which I think I may 
 say is daily more fully and abidingly impressed on my 
 mind ; as well as a large perception of the love and 
 power of Christ, to lead, protect, uphold, and preserve 
 his own, who love Him as their chiefest good. My 
 
 very dear love to thee and to , who is, I have no 
 
 doubt, a true help-meet, though it may not be per- 
 mitted you always to see each other's path. I think 
 we are often exercised alone, as the most efficacious 
 mode of producing deep-rooted and permanent growth. 
 Thy very affectionate father, S. C." 
 
 In the fifth month, with the full concurrence of his 
 monthly and quarterly meeting, and accompanied by 
 Robert Charlton, he again left his home for Ireland. 
 On this occasion, in compliance with the strongly ex- 
 pressed wish of his Irish friends, he relinquished the 
 
110 MEMOIR OE SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 use of the tent, though not without some apprehen- 
 sion that hereby he might, at least in some places, be 
 unsuccessful in the attempt to bring together the class 
 who never enter a building appropriated for worship, 
 except the mass-house. On his way, he writes : — 
 
 " Liverpool, 11, 5 mo. 1843. 
 
 My dear erie]sd Joseph Bewlet, — I am in re- 
 ceipt of thy letter dated the 7th, from Dublin, which 
 met me at this place, on my way to you for the pur- 
 pose of endeavouring to relieve my mind of an exercise 
 of some years' abiding on my spirit. 
 
 This communication from you excites no feeling 
 incompatible with brotherly love toward thee or any 
 other Friend in Ireland. ... It may be best for me to 
 say that one expression in thy letter casts a doubt 
 before me whether the object of my visit is distinctly 
 understood ; it is this, that ' no impediment is in- 
 tended to be thrown in the way of my holding public 
 meetings in the usual way.' INow this seems to indicate 
 an apprehension that, if my mind was turned to those 
 persons who are likely to attend, on an invitation in 
 the usual manner to one of our own meeting-houses, 
 or to a Methodist meeting-house, in other cases (and 
 perhaps also, on some few occasions, to court-houses 
 or market-houses), then Friends in Ireland would be 
 disposed to use their endeavours to obtain such meet- 
 ings for me. 
 
 I cannot, my dear friend, at my will, change the 
 object of my mind's solicitude, or surely I have reasons 
 cogent enough to induce me so to do. The object at 
 
MEMOIR CP SAMUEL CAPPER. Ill 
 
 which I aim is to procure meetings chiefly with such 
 persons as are not likely, under ordinary circum- 
 stances, to go into any place of worship at all, or who 
 are only likely to go to the Romish chapel. My 
 limited experience, in somewhat similar service in 
 England, and still more limited experience in Ireland, 
 has fully shown that the observation which I am about 
 to make, applies as strongly on your side the water as 
 on this ; viz., that this description of persons are not 
 to be reached in the usual manner of holding public 
 meetings. It may be as well to add, that if Friends 
 could suggest a better mode of accomplishing my pur- 
 pose, I am by no means attached to the mode which. 
 in consequence of the difficulty of carrying out my 
 views, we have been led to adopt as the most effectual. 
 
 Open air meetings I should like well, but they are 
 liable to several very important inconveniences. In the 
 first place, they are subject to unset tlement ; secondly, 
 in a climate so liable to change, we cannot calculate 
 on being free from copious rain ; and, thirdly, if any- 
 thing be communicated, the needful exertion of voice 
 is much greater than where there is a covering to 
 convey the sound. I entertain a belief that the great 
 Head of the church will visit these poor people with 
 an increase of light, whoever may be the instruments 
 made use of; and if this be not a right movement, 
 may He appoint those which are right ! 
 
 I am desirous of fully acknowledging my sense that, 
 in respect of any fitness in myself for any portion, 
 however small, of the work, I have none ; and, as re- 
 gards my feelings as a man, the release which you 
 
112 MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 offer me would be very agreeable ; but I am, and have 
 been, bound in the spirit, which bond I cannot break. 
 
 I am, thy affectionate friend, S. Capper." 
 
 TO HIS WIFE. 
 
 "Liverpool, 11, 5 mo. 1843. 
 
 My dear Elizabeth, — The letter from J. Bewley 
 came duly to hand, and it gave us some anxiety, prin- 
 cipally because, if we accepted of the proposal to hold 
 meetings in the usual manner, we should virtually 
 abandon our chief object ; and, on the other hand, if 
 we returned home it might appear as if we were not 
 willing to essay to carry out our views without the 
 appendage of the tent. I was so much discouraged 
 that I had serious thoughts of returning home ; how- 
 ever, we concluded to have a conference with the 
 ministers and elders here, who unite in advising us to 
 go to Dublin, and see how far Friends were willing to 
 accomplish the object, by out-door meetings, or in any 
 other way. This we have decided on, and shall cross, 
 I hope, to-night. 
 
 5 mo. 13. Robert and I are well ; he is very kind and 
 encouraging, and I should much feel the want of his 
 company. I think I feel, more than I ever did, the 
 weight of the engagement, and my own particular un- 
 fitness and strippedness ; which makes me count the 
 night watches. 
 
 5 mo. 18. Nearly 800 persons attended the meeting 
 in Sycamore Alley. The next day we had one in Meath 
 Street, which was largely attended ; but the people 
 shouted, whistled, and demeaned themselves as one 
 
MEMOIR OP SAMUEL CAPPER. 113 
 
 might expect from persons accustomed to the mass- 
 house; yet I felt much peace in this endeavour to 
 fulfil my duty, and am not without a belief that some 
 present were favoured to feel their minds brought 
 under the power of truth. The monthly meeting 
 appointed a large committee to assist ; many Friends 
 enter heartily into the thing, and I endeavour to hope 
 that our coming is in right ordering. Our old friend 
 Nathaniel Williams, who lives near the Meath Street 
 meeting-house, was much concerned to see his neigh- 
 bours conduct themselves so indecorously. On third- 
 day we dined at Joseph Bewley's. Yesterday we had 
 another meeting in Meath Street, which was quiet, 
 and a good time." 
 
 He held a very crowded meeting in the Fish-market, 
 at which some hundreds were seated, or standing 
 densely together, under a covered shed. The time 
 that silence could be obtained was very short, and 
 there was an inclination to turn it into a Bepeal 
 meeting ; yet many were disposed to listen. He had 
 the opportunity of placing some gospel truths before 
 those who could hear him, in spite of the noise of 
 others, but, after about half an hour, he and his 
 friends thought it best to retire, and allow the meet- 
 ing to disperse. Alluding to this trying occasion, he 
 remarks : — 
 
 " 5 mo. 19. I have been admiring the condescension 
 of a merciful God in permitting me to feel a great 
 measure of peace in having passed through this con- 
 flict. Both Eobert and myself slept well last night, 
 which I do not think we have done before since our 
 
114 MEMOIR OP SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 landing. We are most kindly accommodated with 
 our friends H. and J. Russell. My love to Dr. Ball ; 
 it is very pleasant that he continues to feel so much 
 interest in our movements. 
 
 5 mo. 22. Friends are extremely kind, and anxious 
 that my mind may be relieved ; but I do exceedingly 
 feel the burden of the concern, as it regards Friends 
 and others. Yesterday we were at both meetings in 
 the city, and that at Monkstown in the evening ; it 
 was a deeply exercising day. 
 
 5 mo. 26, Ballitore. It is a little singular that, in 
 this beautifully situated village, the neatest and most 
 inviting that I have seen in Ireland, where there are 
 ten families of Friends, only one meeting, to which the 
 public have been invited, can be remembered since 
 that held by Job Scott in 1792 ; and it was held by 
 H. C. Backhouse fourteen years ago. 
 
 5 mo. 29, Carlow. At Ballitore, we dined with our 
 kind and excellent friend Elizabeth Barrington. The 
 meeting was well attended ; many of the poor Romanists 
 were there, and it was a good meeting. The Church of 
 England curate and the schoolmaster breakfasted with 
 us at George Shackleton's ; they are solid men, and I 
 hope that no discouragement to the right mind in 
 them was administered. 
 
 6 mo. 3, Cooladine. On third-day evening we held 
 a meeting [in the hall] of one of the mills at Tullow. 
 Friends thought that but few would attend, besides 
 the very few Protestants in the place. "We were, how- 
 ever, favoured with the company of a large number of 
 Roman Catholics, and it proved a good time. The 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 115 
 
 people were intensely attentive, and a great solemnity 
 was to be felt. "We lodged at M. Lecky's, at Kilnock, 
 and the next day were at Kilconnor meeting ; in the 
 evening we had a full public one, wherein was to be 
 felt the powerful influence of Divine love, wonderfully 
 poured out. Here we are at the house of our aged 
 friend Thomas Thompson. I slept well last night, 
 and am well this morning, though the prospect of a 
 public meeting at Enniscorthy, etc., is heavy on my 
 mind. It is a serious thing to be thus exercised from 
 day to day ; and most important are our movements 
 among Friends here, who have been placed in very 
 difficult circumstances." 
 
 6 mo. 13, "Waterford. After enumerating several 
 meetings, he writes : — " ]STone of these were large, but 
 I think we may thankfully say that they were owned by 
 the Divine presence, and they have been, in measure, 
 relieving to my mind, but the darkness of this land, 
 especially in some places, is really to be felt. We 
 meet with some pleasant and religiously exercised 
 Friends, but I fear that a few years more will sweep 
 many into the mass of the people, for they maintain 
 but few of the testimonies into which a love of the 
 Truth led our first Friends. I am well, but I cannot 
 say much of any particular degree of comfort which I 
 enjoy, because I so much feel the sunk and degraded 
 condition of the bulk of the population. 
 
 6 mo. 17, Springfield. We are now under the 
 hospitable roof of our kind friends A. and J. Fisher. 
 Our moving along, since my last, has been under an 
 increasing sense of the dreadful oppression of this 
 
116 MEMOIR OE SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 people by their spiritual rulers. When at Dungarvon, 
 the town was literally filled with a dense crowd from 
 the surrounding country, come to hear mass, and to 
 amuse themselves on a popish holiday. Very few 
 came to our meeting, which was discouraging; one 
 intelligent young Eoman Catholic appeared to be 
 absorbed in deep interest ; he had previously asked 
 E. Charlton for a Testament, for his own perusal. 
 Yesterday we had a beautiful ride over the mountains, 
 to this place. I am tempted to wish that I could 
 believe I might now return home, for it is much 
 against my inclination to go to the city of Cork, etc. ; 
 but I am afraid of leaving undone the little which we 
 may be able to effect, and thereby laying the ground- 
 work for repentance. 
 
 6 mo. 24, Cork. On our return here this morning, 
 after several days' absence, I find thy letters contain- 
 ing much painful information; that which more im- 
 mediately concerns us is respecting our dear son 
 Joseph. I really fear lest his constitution should 
 yield to these repeated attacks. On our arrival here, 
 we were met by our kind friend W. Harvey, who con- 
 ducted us to his house. "We have since been at 
 Macroom, etc. On Lord Doneraile's domain is a 
 very good, well-conducted school for 240 boys, which 
 is maintained at his expense. We have had a trying 
 week, and the prospect of a meeting here, with the 
 people, is very weighty on my mind. 
 
 6 mo. 26, First-day. The meeting with Friends 
 was a very relieving one ; in the evening was a large 
 public one, wherein, I believe, I was enabled to dis- 
 
 
MEMOIR OP SAMUEL CAPPER. 117 
 
 pense some counsel designed for the poor Koinanists, 
 a number of whom were present." 
 
 He had a satisfactory meeting in the Court-house 
 in Mitchellstown ; and afterwards attended those of 
 Friends at Cahir, Clonmel, and "\Yaterford, whence he 
 crossed to Bristol, arriving at home on the 2nd of 7 mo. 
 The next day he writes : — 
 
 " Bristol, 1843, 7 mo. 3. The three last meetings 
 led me more fully to believe that the service was not 
 wholly confined to those out of our Society. I am 
 very desirous that there may be more disposition in 
 many to bow under the chastening and enlightening 
 power of truth, before the rod of judgment may fall 
 heavily on the transgressing nature which is, under 
 various forms, leavening into itself. Though I mourn 
 over Ireland, whether regarded as a land of popery 
 and superstition, or as very much of a desolation with 
 respect to Protestantism generally, or as to the unfaith- 
 fulness among those under our name, yet I feel much 
 satisfaction in not having so yielded to discourage- 
 ment as to omit this effort to discharge my duty in 
 that country. 
 
 Bristol, 12, 7 mo. 1843. 
 My dear brother akd sister Backhouse, — 
 
 My journey in Ireland was attended with circum- 
 stances of peculiar trial, and happily for me, with much 
 to humble and abase ; yet I am enabled to hope that 
 the great and good cause may not have suffered on 
 any occasion, and I entertain a belief that, in some 
 instances, the opportunities will be remembered as sea- 
 sons of Divine favour. At the meetings with Friends, 
 
118 MEMOIR OP SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 I was introduced into a more deep exercise of spirit 
 than I had anticipated, and I think that, if it were 
 only for these engagements, I could not regret having 
 given up to the service. Friends were exceedingly 
 kind. Tour affectionate brother, S. 0." 
 
 TO A FRIEND IN IRELAND. 
 
 " Bristol, 14, 8 mo. 1843. 
 My dear Friend,- — I have often thought that it 
 would be pleasant to me to acknowledge the sense I 
 have of thy great kindness to me, and my companion, 
 when we abode under thy roof. While in your land, 
 I believe that I was sometimes permitted to enter, 
 according to my measure, in suffering with the few 
 deeply concerned members of our little church; and 
 to wrestle, in unison with them, for the blessing. I 
 have thought, my dear friend, that this is often thy 
 portion, under various discouragements, and I desire 
 the strengthening of thy hands. Thou wilt have, I 
 believe, increasingly to feel the reponsibility of the 
 influence of thy character and example : thou hast, I 
 doubt not, seen it, and moved along in Godly fear and 
 sincerity; but my apprehension is, that thou wilt have 
 to take farther steps in the humiliating path of a self- 
 denying follower of the Lord Jesus. I am very sensible 
 that there are many members of our Society in Ire- 
 land who are amiable, kind, affectionate persons; 
 those whom we cannot but love ; and yet they are not 
 faithful servants of Christ. Some live too much in 
 accordance and friendship with the world and its spirit ; 
 professing self-denial, but practising indulgence and 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 119 
 
 self-gratification. There are others who are esteemed, 
 and imagine themselves, far advanced as Christians, 
 but who are more practisers of old customs, and adhe- 
 rents to ancient forms, than renewed in the spirit of 
 their minds ; and who, therefore, are altogether unable 
 to distinguish the work of the Spirit in others ; or to 
 meet, in their own conduct and judgment, those new 
 combinations of opinions and circumstances which are 
 continually arising, and under which nothing short of 
 the newness of life can enable us to stand upright. 
 These two sets of professors occasion wonderful in- 
 consistencies among our little number ; and so it will 
 be likely to continue, until there is a greater devoted- 
 ness of soul, with less of a narrow, prejudiced con- 
 sideration of things, which cramps the freedom of the 
 motions of the Spirit of truth in the heart, and which 
 rests in forms and prescribed rules. My soul desires 
 that a real, deep, and living exercise may arise among 
 you, for the prosperity of the truth as it is in Jesus." 
 
CHAPTEE IX. 
 
 1843, 1844. 
 
 LETTERS TO HIS CHILDREN, ETC. — TENT-MEETINGS ABOUT BRISTOL 
 — VISITS THE FAMILIES OF FRIENDS IN BIRMINGHAM — DEATH 
 OF HIS ELDEST SON. 
 
 S. Capper had the comfort of perceiving that his 
 youngest son was making advances in his spiritual 
 course. He was accustomed to advise freely with his 
 father in his difficulties, and it appears that he now 
 had an apprehension of being called to the ministry, 
 and had written on this subject ; to which letter his 
 father replied as follows : — 
 
 " Bristol, 17, 9 mo. 1843. 
 
 My dear Thomas, — It will not be much surprise 
 to thee that I have taken time for answering thy last 
 letter ; the thing is of too much importance hastily to 
 advise upon. Reflecting on the subject, I have con- 
 sidered that, in every stage of our Christian progress, 
 the enemy is busy with his baits ; there is the danger 
 of abstaining from the performance of what appears 
 right to be done, and the danger of mistaking, and 
 thus running unbidden. There is also the danger, 
 after moving in a right direction, of being betrayed 
 into a wrong feeling, from indulging a desire for a part 
 of the honour due alone to the Head of the church. 
 There is, moreover, the danger of not sufficiently trying 
 the fleece, or of persisting in so doing after the Divine 
 
MEMOIR OE SAMUEL CAPPEE. 121 
 
 will is well known. To escape all these snares requires 
 that we should be watchful for the discoveries of 
 Divine light, and resigned to follow them when favoured 
 with them ; and that, when we have long to wait and 
 to fast, we should wash and anoint, and keep the word 
 of the Lord's patience ; and, as we are each dealt with 
 by our Lord and Master individually, it is most 
 important that we should not be copiers one of another, 
 but know for ourselves what the Spirit saith. In 
 my own case, I had a view of the work for seven years 
 before I believe that the time arrived to enter upon 
 it ; and then I had long to be exercised in a small 
 and feeble way, and to learn that strength is bestowed 
 when we are in the greatest weakness, in order that 
 we may learn to give all the honour where it is due, 
 and to attribute nothing to ourselves. I believe it is 
 much the safest to have few confidants in our religious 
 exercises ; to dwell alone and keep silence on such 
 matters, except when the way seems rightly opened. 
 I am, however, quite comfortable, and even rejoiced, 
 that thou hast such a kind, sympathizing friend and 
 mother as thy mistress, to whom thou canst open thy 
 mind on subjects of such vast importance. Dear 
 Joseph seems discouraged about his recovery, which 
 has a considerable effect on his mind, leading him to 
 solid thoughtfulness about his condition. I don't 
 mean that he has been thoughtless for a long time 
 past ; but there are different degrees of solidity and 
 weightiness of spirit. Patty had a letter from thee 
 on sixth-day, but the contents did not transpire. 
 
 Thy affectionate Father." 
 
122 MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 To another of his children he thus writes : — 
 
 "Bristol, 17, 10 mo. 1843. 
 
 My dear , I think I can, in some degree, 
 
 enter into thy feelings, having been similarly tried 
 myself. Unfaithfulness is an inroad to much evil ; 
 for, if that which is in its origin right be omitted, 
 that which is in its origin wrong will often intrude ; 
 but I believe it is good for us to have much ' searching 
 of heart.' I think, when we are fearful that we have 
 withstood the right motion, it is well to be willing 
 to endure the feeling of penitence ; it prepares and 
 softens the mind for impressions of the Spirit. We 
 can never be too lowly or humble. I am glad to be 
 able a little to sympathize with thee in thy exercises." 
 
 Thus, as a truly Christian parent, did he counsel 
 and nurture his family ; tenderly feeling with them in 
 their various difficulties, and administering to each 
 that which he thought they needed. Surely, on such 
 labour a blessing would rest ! 
 
 Again he writes to his youngest son : — 
 
 "Bristol, 24, 10 mo. 1843. 
 
 ....... Thy brother Joseph continues very poorly. 
 
 The last hours which I passed with him were very 
 pleasant, and I am comforted in the belief that he 
 will be prepared for his change, whenever it may take 
 place. 
 
 My dear son! as regards thy own conflicts and 
 baptisms, thou art doubtless aware, as I am (though 
 perhaps not quite so fully) how unable we are to assist 
 
MEM6IB OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 123 
 
 each other, and that what we attempt, in our own 
 way or time, is very unavailing ; indeed, more frequently 
 tends to weaken than to strengthen. One thing I 
 may safely say, viz., that, when we \ clearly see the 
 Lord's will,' there can be no doubt that it should be 
 done ; yet I have often found that there is, at times, a 
 clear sight of what is to be our actual experience at a 
 future time ; and that we must not only see the thing 
 required, but also the time for it ; and I am disposed 
 to believe that there is, not unfrequently, a great 
 decree of suffering: undergone for want of a true 
 experience of what it is to keep the word of the Lord's 
 patience ; to be found weightily affected in spirit with 
 the preparation for the work, waiting the word of 
 command. That thou mayst be favoured to keep a 
 single eye to the leader of His people is my earnest 
 desire for thee. Self will be creeping in at every 
 opening, and mixing with even that which opened in 
 the light of life. Humility, real nothingness of self, 
 is the only safe place ; I wish thou mayst early find it, 
 and steadily abide in it. What a providential blessing 
 it is that thou wast placed where thou art ! On 
 reading what thou sayst of the refreshment experienced 
 in silence, I have afresh thought, what a privilege 
 those lose who suppose that our spiritual growth is 
 only to be promoted by reading, talking, or hearing. 
 
 Bristol, 24, 10 mo. 1843. 
 
 My dear brother asd sister W. Xaish, — 
 
 We have been closely engaged, as well as very 
 closely tried, with various things. Joseph continues 
 
124 MEMOIR OP SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 very ill, and we begin to be disheartened as to his 
 recovery. He has, by advice, taken up his residence 
 at Weston-super-Mare. He appears peaceful, and to 
 contemplate a short tarriance here with resignation : 
 on the whole, we are comforted about him, though 
 we feel much for his sufferings. 
 
 I wrote thus far early this morning, and now wish to 
 finish, though the day's business has fatigued me. I 
 cannot but unite with my brother in his sentiments about 
 our Society and the professors of Christianity generally ; 
 but I entertain, as I think he appears in degree to do, 
 a firm belief that the day is near when the church 
 militant will take a step in advance. Some great 
 gospel truths will be more fully admitted, and will 
 have the effect of almost overturning the present 
 systems of religion, grafted upon Christianity. One 
 is, that the absolute inconsistency of governing, on 
 any other than Christian principles, will be so generally 
 acknowledged, that many of the practices of politicians 
 will be altogether inadmissible, on account of public 
 feeling ; such, for instance, as going to war, keeping 
 slaves, and the connexion of church and state. 
 Another is, the utter inconsistency of a paid ministry 
 with gospel principles ; and the truth of the guidance 
 of the Spirit, in a sense not now generally received. 
 Tour affectionate brother, S. C. 
 
 Bristol, 14, 12 mo. 1843. 
 
 Mi dear Thomas,- — Perhaps thy master would 
 tell thee that I was at Cirencester, to which place I 
 went at considerable inconvenience, but I did not feel 
 
MEMOIB OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 125 
 
 as if I could comfortably stay away, though we have 
 so many things upon us now at home. Thy mistress 
 told me that thy health is not quite as she would wish 
 it to be, and that thou art often low in spirits. I con- 
 sider it a special favour, when, during the buoyant 
 season of youth, there is such an abiding sense of the 
 holiness of G-od, of our own proneness to forget Him, 
 and of the necessity for receiving daily supplies of 
 Divine grace, from the inexhaustible Fountain, as keeps 
 the mind humble and watchful ; but I believe that, 
 when we are under these solemn impressions, our 
 unwearied adversary takes another mode of assault, 
 and would incite us to such an abstraction of mind as 
 creates a morbid desire to be continually lamenting 
 our condition. "We have duties of various kinds to 
 perform, and we act, as I believe, most consistently 
 with the Divine will when we conscientiously en- 
 deavour to fulfil them all, to the best of our knowledge, 
 applying the respective faculties to their appropriate 
 purposes ; judging of those things which are in the 
 province of reason by that invaluable faculty ; but, in 
 spiritual matters, ever remembering that there are 
 points which reason cannot reach. I believe that one 
 of our prominent duties is to do whatever we properly 
 can, in order to maintain our bodily and intellectual 
 powers in a vigorous state of health, and that this 
 condition is favourable to our spiritual growth and 
 fruitfulness. I would therefore advise thee, as often 
 as right opportunities present, to take exercise, and to 
 cherish the natural enjoyment to be derived from the 
 effects of fresh air, with a thankful heart. I would 
 
126 MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 also particularly recommend thee to fix on one or two 
 desirable acquisitions, and steadily to pursue them, at 
 such intervals as can be appropriated to such pur- 
 poses, without the neglect of other things. Thy 
 mistress told me that thou hadst thought of improv- 
 ing thyself in the French language, and that she 
 thought that thou might st, very advantageously, 
 study arithmetic farther. ISTow both these pursuits 
 are not only very useful, but most desirable ; I might 
 almost say the latter is indispensable. In my circum- 
 stances, if it were not for some knowledge which is 
 not possessed by all, the little matters which I now 
 accomplish would be out of my power. From some 
 observations in thy last, I think thou wilt be likely to 
 unite in these views. I approve of thy caution, in so 
 weighty a concern as that which presents itself to thy 
 mind. I believe we shall not be suffered to go very 
 far wrong, while we are simply and resignedly 
 waiting, without a secret reserve for the fulfilment of 
 our own will. I have often thought that there is 
 a lesson of wonderful instruction in the saying of our 
 blessed Eedeemer, ' My judgment is just, because I 
 seek not mine own will, but the will of Him that 
 sent me.' 
 
 Bristol, 16, 5 mo. 1844. 
 
 My dear Thomas, — I intend going to London, 
 and, if Joseph should continue as well as he is now, 
 may stay a considerable part of the yearly meeting. 
 I feel for thee in the commencement of thy Christian 
 warfare, and think it is well that thou hast so kind 
 
MEMOIR Or SAMTTEL CAPPER. 127 
 
 and watchful a friend as thy mistress ; yet I am 
 pleased to find that thou art aware that it is important 
 not to be hasty in speaking of our exercises, even to 
 those whom we love and esteem. I apprehend that I 
 have known instances where the strength has been 
 wasted by such a practice. I am inclined to believe 
 that the most healthful state is one in which the soul 
 is preserved from dependence on any other help but 
 the arm of the good Shepherd. I have obtained leave 
 to hold public meetings, chiefly near Bristol. JS"ow, 
 as heretofore, I have been not a little discouraged in 
 looking to this service, from a fear lest I should slip 
 aside, in any way, from the performance, in simplicity, 
 of that which is given me to do. 
 
 Martha has told thee how much better Joseph 
 appears. It is cheering to feel that the great end 
 of all affliction has been, at least measurably, an- 
 swered in his case. By what thou sayst, I perceive 
 that thou hast the same ordeal to pass through which 
 others have experienced, and still do experience, and 
 hast to * try the fleece wet and dry.' This is well, but 
 it must not be practised after the object has been 
 attained, viz., the conviction of a service being re- 
 quired ; I have found great weakness to result. H. C. 
 Backhouse's visit has been very acceptable, and I 
 hope edifying. I left thy mother with Joseph at 
 "Weston, where they will probably remain some time. 
 
 Thy affectionate Father." 
 
 He did attend the yearly meeting, and wrote from 
 London to his wife : — 
 
128 MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 "London, 30, 5 mo. 1844. 
 
 Mr dear Elizabeth, — It was quite a relief to 
 have your letters, and I hope there will be no un- 
 favourable change in Joseph's health. Yesterday I 
 went to our old, accustomed place of worship, Grace- 
 church Street. There was a good deal of ministry ; 
 more of the refreshing than of the deep order, accord- 
 ing to my feelings. I dined at C. Hanbury's, with 
 my sister Sarah, John Whiting and wife, and many 
 others. It was very pleasant, and strongly recalled 
 years that are past." 
 
 After his return home he was engaged in holding 
 tent-meetings about Bristol ; and in the autumn he 
 entered upon a visit to the families of Friends at 
 Birmingham, whence he writes to his wife : — 
 
 "Birmingham, 12, 11 mo. 1844. 
 
 My dear Elizabeth, — On my journey, I was 
 much disposed to muse, and little occurred to inter- 
 rupt till we arrived at Cheltenham. There I was 
 joined by a very intelligent woman, of the higher 
 class of society. She discoursed on the state of the 
 church of which she is a member, on the Puseyite 
 tendency of many of the clergy, etc. ; but alas ! amid 
 all this intelligence and knowledge, I could not but 
 apprehend that she was sadly unacquainted with the 
 comfort of the Holy Spirit. She was attending upon 
 a mother, aged eighty-two, at Birmingham, and watch- 
 ing a dying sister, the mother of a family, at Chelten- 
 ham, under the expectation that the latter can only 
 
MEMOIR Or SAMUEL CAPPEK. 129 
 
 survive a few weeks. Ah ! I thought how she wanted 
 the sustaining hope that her sister was prepared for 
 her change ! This, it appeared, she had not, and was 
 depending upon the ministrations of the clergyman. 
 
 Soon after my arrival I was introduced to my friend 
 Mary Lloyd, who has a concern on her mind to unite 
 in the family-visit, which feels very comfortable to me, 
 and she will apply to the monthly meeting to-morrow 
 for leave to accompany me. 
 
 13th. Thou wilt be pleased to hear that this was 
 united with, and we are to commence to-morrow. I 
 have been about an hour with our dear aunt Mary 
 Capper, who is feeble, but calm and peaceful. 
 
 Thy affectionate Husband." 
 
 TO HIS YOUNGEST SON. 
 
 "Birmingham, 19, 11 mo. 1844. 
 My dear Thomas, — I remember thy desire to hear 
 from me, and feel disposed to give thee that proof of 
 my affection. It is now T about 11 o'clock p. m., and I 
 am come up-stairs to rest. Thou mayst have heard 
 that I have been joined, in the solemn engagement 
 of visiting families here, by my dear friend Mary 
 S. Lloyd. Thou wilt apprehend that such a service 
 can hardly be proceeded in without the spirit being 
 often deeply baptized, as it were, for the dead ; the 
 exercises are beyond what I could describe. "We have, 
 however, the comfort to feel that, notwithstanding 
 many infirmities of flesh and spirit, and also much 
 poverty of spirit, there is a peace which passeth the 
 human understanding." 
 
 K 
 
130 MEMOIR OP SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 TO HIS WIFE. 
 
 "Birmingham, 29, 11 mo. 1844. 
 
 My dear Elizabeth, — My present intention is 
 to go to the monthly meeting at Shipston, and to 
 attend some small meetings. 
 
 12 mo. 1. We still have to acknowledge gracious 
 help in the visits ; also to be thankful for the defence 
 of many humbling seasons. 
 
 3rd, Shipston. I came here alone by coach ; the 
 retirement was refreshing, and I think a renewed 
 evidence was granted that I am not moving in my 
 own will. A public meeting is fixed for this evening. 
 
 4th. In the meeting, I was led to contrast the 
 general admission of the right of Christ to reign in 
 his church with the practical denial of that sovereignty, 
 by the appointment of man to offices in the church 
 for which, contrary to Christ's command, they pay, 
 and thus corrupt the office of minister ; also to 
 contrast, in the same way, the individual admission, 
 by Christians generally, of our personal obligation to 
 obey Christ, with the practical denial of this, by not 
 waiting upon the Spirit of truth for direction and 
 strength. I afterwards found that the curate of a 
 neighbouring village, and a Baptist and Wesleyan 
 preacher, were present. 
 
 On fifth-day I was at meeting at Campden ; a kind 
 friend, who had come five or six miles to attend it, 
 took me home in his cart ; it was very pleasant to be 
 under the roof of these simple-hearted people. He 
 has a sweet wife, and four nice little children. The 
 
^XEMOIE OP SAMUEL CAPPEK. 131 
 
 next day, he conveyed me to Tredington. On our 
 way we saw Armscott meeting-house. It is in an 
 interesting situation, in many respects, and I hope it 
 will be clearly seen to be right before a public meeting 
 there, once in the year, is given up. I was met by 
 John Grille tt, of Brailes, with his beautiful little four- 
 wheeled carriage and pair of capital ponies, who 
 brought me to his father's house. We had a public 
 meeting, which, through renewed mercy, was a time to 
 be thankful for. Joseph Grillett, his wife, etc., came 
 over, and the former took part in the meeting. 
 
 12 mo. 9, Birmingham. I was very glad of thy 
 letter, but I wish I knew more clearly how Joseph is : 
 however, I now hope that we shall soon meet. 
 
 12 mo. 14, Leicester. The family-visit at Birming- 
 ham was concluded yesterday with seven deeply in- 
 teresting sittings. I have now entered upon an- 
 other very arduous undertaking ; it will be a close 
 week's work. I am really affected in hearing of the 
 condition of our dear cousin ~Wm. Sundry, of M. Gun- 
 dry, jun., etc. It seems very solemn for the shafts of 
 death to be thus hovering over our friends ; and per- 
 haps, though less visibly, over ourselves. It is quite 
 a relief to me to find that you are all pretty well. The 
 thermometer here varies from 3° to 25°. I do not 
 know how to get on faster than I do. 
 
 Thine affectionately." 
 
 Joseph Capper's health had been so far restored 
 that he had some time previously gone to Exeter, at 
 the request of Thomas Knott, to assist him in his 
 
132 MEMOIR Or SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 business. He returned home during the very incle- 
 ment weather ; and this exposure to the cold appeared 
 to be the cause of a violent attack of erysipelas, which 
 carried him off, after a short season of suffering. 
 He only survived long enough for his dear father to 
 witness his close ; and this was a deep trial to his 
 paternal feelings. Joseph had long been afflicted, and 
 his father had sympathized, not only in his bodily pain 
 and weakness, but in the mental conflicts through 
 which he had been passing; so that it would have 
 been especially comforting for them to have been 
 together when nature was failing, and he was ap- 
 proaching the end of all things here ; but his father 
 had the consolation of a full belief that he had put on 
 Christ, and was found in Him, at that awful moment 
 when no other refuge can avail. 
 
 On receiving the account of his alarming illness, 
 S. Capper hastened home, and arrived there early in 
 the morning of the 21st. To his nephew at Birming- 
 ham, he gives the following account of the scene which 
 awaited him : — 
 
 "Bristol, 21, 12 mo. 1844. 
 
 My dear Arthur, — Thou wilt be grieved to learn 
 that, when I reached home, I found that dear Joseph 
 was nearly blind and deaf, from the erysipelas ; and I 
 am not sure that he recognised me. He was almost 
 unable to articulate, and laboured much in breathing. 
 The medical man thought that he would not live 
 through the day. Thou mayst imagine, but I think 
 canst not to the full conceive, the intense interest 
 with which thy aunt and I, with his three brothers 
 
MEMOIR OP SAMUEL CAPPER. 133 
 
 and Martha, watched his declining powers. He 
 sweetly drew his last breath about two o'clock. My 
 mind, though very calm, is not in a state to enlarge 
 much. "We have our hearts full of grief, for the loss 
 of one whom we loved so much, and of thankfulness 
 in the certain hope of his peace and joy." 
 
 One of his brothers wrote as follows : — 
 
 "Bristol, 22, 12 mo. 1844. 
 
 My dear Aunt, — Thou canst hardly think how 
 relieving and comforting it was to us, to have my dear 
 father at home during the last morning of dear 
 Joseph's life. He accomplished it by travelling in a 
 night train. My mother has been much overdone 
 with anxiety, etc., but I hope that, with rest and 
 quiet, she may soon recover. It is indeed an un- 
 speakable comfort that we are able to believe that the 
 sufferings which my dear brother had long endured 
 have been blest to him, and that he had experienced a 
 change of heart. The irritability occasioned by the 
 disease was great, but he was extremely desirous that 
 he might bear it with patience, and petitioned to be 
 enabled so to do. He was thirty-eight years old." 
 
 SAMUEL CAPPER TO JOHN CAPPER. 
 
 "Bristol 25, 12 mo. 1844. 
 
 My dear Brother, — Thy kind letter reached us 
 this morning, with its enclosure. I am much obliged 
 by thy thoughtfulness, as regards the present neces- 
 sary demand on our resources. It will enable me to 
 do what otherwise I could not, and what I much 
 desired to accomplish. It may be a satisfaction to 
 
134 MEMOIB OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 thee to know that Joseph insured his life, in the 
 Friends' Provident Institution, many years ago, and 
 that we have contrived to keep up the payments. 
 His little girls are with us. 
 
 Bristol, 31, 12 mo. 1844. 
 
 My dear brother Joh^, — Thou wouldst probably 
 hear that the day of interment was such as we are 
 thankful for. Since then, my son Samuel and I have 
 been closely engaged in arranging the matters of our 
 little business, which, during my absence and dear 
 Joseph's illness, etc., had accumulated and required 
 attention. Joseph's particular friend, with whom in 
 1830 he went to Barbadoes, our cousin Edmund Naish, 
 died rather suddenly, on first-day. It is remarkable 
 that their deaths should only be about a week apart. 
 I have not heard any of those particulars which are 
 the most interesting to such as feel that they must 
 shortly follow. The interment is to be in the little 
 burying-ground belonging to the family, at Bourton. 
 How much I should enjoy thy being with us on the 
 occasion ! I made a short visit to our old friend and 
 valued relation Thomas Sanders to-day; it was very 
 pleasant to find that he was familiar with the antici- 
 pation of death, and to believe that, to him, the pale 
 messenger is disarmed of his terrors, and that he is 
 resignedly waiting his dismissal from this state of 
 being. I thought, much as thou didst, of the evening 
 of the 24th, # when our dear father put on a glorious 
 immortality. Thy affectionate brother, 
 
 Samuel Capper." 
 * The anniversary of Jasper Capper's death, 24, 12 mo. 1819. See p. 20. 
 
CHAPTEE X. 
 
 1845—1850. 
 
 AGAIN VISITS IRELAND— HOLDS PUBLIC MEETINGS IN CORNWALL, 
 ETC. ETC. — DEATH OE HIS SISTER ROBSON. 
 
 TO ONE OF HIS DAUGHTERS. 
 
 "Bristol, 11, 1 rao. 1845. 
 
 My dear , It is sometimes agreeable, perhaps 
 
 profitable, to compare our feelings ; it may encourage 
 us to a more simple surrender of our wills to those 
 impressions which we find, by experience, have been 
 in accordance with' the perceptions of others, and as 
 we hope with the Divine will. It may be pleasant to 
 thee to know that I waited for some time, under an 
 apprehension that some one had a commission to open 
 the meeting on fourth-day. At length, I felt that I 
 could not safely wait longer, lest some mistaken 
 person should infringe on right order, and injure the 
 meeting by disturbing the current of life. But I am 
 often brought to the point, from the sense that a 
 meeting may be hurt by withholding, as well as by a 
 mistaken interference. These things require deep 
 watchfulness of spirit. Thy affectionate Father." 
 
 At the interment of his brother Joseph, Thomas 
 first spoke as a minister ; and to this his father alludes 
 in the following letter : — 
 
136 MEMOIE OP SAMUEL CAPPEE. 
 
 "Bristol, 11, 1 mo. 1845. 
 My dear Thomas, — Thou wilt readily believe that 
 I was not unmoved by the circumstances under which 
 thou wast and art placed. I felt much for thee, but 
 it did not appear to me that I could render thee any 
 real service by conversation ; and now I am well 
 satisfied, as I perceive that the dangers on either hand 
 have presented themselves to thy mind. The danger 
 for thee may be having the mind elated ; though what 
 a mistake to be elated at a gift! I remember, some 
 years ago, having a very favoured public meeting, at 
 which was present a missionary from the "West Indies. 
 He seemed delighted with it, and said he longed to take 
 a part in it ; seeming to be unacquainted with the 
 truth that it is only as the Anointing teaches that 
 the word is made effectual ; and that the most able 
 human efforts are unavailing to produce life. But he 
 afterwards told me an anecdote of John Bunyan 
 which was instructive, and is well to remember. I 
 believe he (J. B.) generally preached extempore ; and 
 I also entertain no doubt that, although he was not 
 aware of the necessity of waiting for power from on 
 high, he often did so wait, and was favoured with it. 
 One day he preached a sermon w r hich was greatly 
 admired. Some one met him at the pulpit stairs, 
 and said, c Mr. Bunyan, what a beautiful sermon you 
 have delivered !' — ' Yes,' he replied, ' the devil told me 
 that, before I came down.' 
 
 I have been poorly, but am better. Last first-day 
 was the interment of P. D. T.'s daughter, and last 
 fourth-day of Elizabeth Tuckett, at Erenchay. The 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 137 
 
 principal service lay upon me in both cases. It is a 
 great comfort to me that, on these occasions, I was 
 brought down very low ; and that, in the course of 
 the exercise, I had to follow the opening, sentence by 
 sentence. — My dear love to thy master and mistress. 
 I wish I could have seen Emma when here." 
 
 Thus touchingly and tenderly did he watch over his 
 children ; warning them of dangers, and cherishing 
 their youthful desires to serve the same Lord to whom 
 lie had long dedicated his all, and who had so largely 
 blest him in his spiritual course. 
 
 Soon after the above date, S. Capper, accompanied 
 by his wife, returned to Birmingham, in order to 
 complete his service in those parts, and then proceeded 
 to the yearly meeting. While in attendance there he 
 sent some account of it to Dr. Ball, whence the 
 following is extracted : — 
 
 "London, 5, 21, 1S15. The meeting of ministers 
 and elders was a very solemn one. Bachel Priestman 
 gave in certificates from America, with a lively account 
 of her exercises there. "Win. Eorster gave a short 
 description of his movements in Xormandy, etc., which 
 was to me very interesting, as a wide door seems open, 
 in that country, for the reception of Christian truth, in 
 its simplicity. In the evening I attended the peace 
 meeting. The principles of peace appear to be making 
 way; perhaps as much from a conviction of the 
 impolicy and costliness of war, as from any purely 
 religious sentiment. 
 
 The yearly meeting was opened by a short and 
 
138 MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 simple prayer, from ¥m. Gundry, for Divine assist- 
 ance during the deliberations of the Body. The 
 American epistles appeared to me particularly lively ; 
 and the one from North Carolina mentioned an act of 
 moral courage of which some would hardly have thought 
 them capable ; that of ordering a reprint of the address 
 of our yearly meeting on slavery, for general distribu- 
 tion. When we recollect what an unflinching and 
 pointed document that is, it does prove much decision 
 in the cause of anti-slavery advocacy. The Indiana 
 yearly meeting had also ordered 10,000 of these 
 addresses for general distribution. The epistles con- 
 tained kind and conciliatory expressions regarding 
 those Friends who have separated from them. In 
 the committee, it was concluded that the Friends 
 appointed on the Indiana epistle should be requested 
 to prepare an address of brotherly expostulation with 
 the seceders. The conference on this subject was 
 long, and conducted under a feeling which leads me to 
 be very hopeful of the result. Win. Forster took a 
 prominent part. 
 
 5 mo. 22. Testimonies concerning Wm. Backhouse, 
 Wm. Moyse, Eliz. Fry, etc., were read. I was much 
 struck by the evidence which they afforded of the 
 power of Divine grace, to guide through paths so very 
 various as these Friends were led into, and under 
 such diversified difficulties. One of the most solemnly 
 impressive occasions which I ever witnessed, was 
 our conference on the address to the separatists of 
 Indiana. 
 
 26. The committee on Indiana sat twice this day ; 
 
MEMOIE OF SAMUEL CAPPEE. 139 
 
 the minds of Friends are so deeply interested in the 
 subject that they seem as if they could not quit the 
 consideration until they discover what ought to be 
 done to effect a reconciliation. 
 
 30. This has been a day of solemn exercise, both in 
 the committee and in the meeting, on the subject of 
 Indiana, the result of which was the appointment of a 
 few Friends to pay them a visit, in brotherly love ; 
 viz., Josiah and William Forster, George Stacey, and 
 John Allen. There was an unbroken flow of affec- 
 tionate sympathy with the deputation, and concern 
 for the success of the mission." 
 
 TO A FEIEXD. 
 
 "Bristol, 15, 7 mo. 1845. 
 
 My deae Feiejh), — ]\Xy mind has often visited 
 thee, and retraced the short time spent in thy company, 
 and realized, in serious consideration, thy circum- 
 stances, both of influence in general society, and of 
 relative position in our own religious communion ; as 
 well as the difficulties arising from the tendencies of 
 those with whom thou art necessarily brought into 
 association. In my thoughts on these things, and 
 desires for thy attainment of the fulness of stature 
 designed thee in Christ Jesus, I have felt that in thy 
 case, as in my own and that of every servant, if we 
 would be found truly walking in the way cast up for the 
 redeemed, there will be much of the cross to be endured ; 
 and I have been cheered by the information, contained 
 in thine, of the sweetness with which thou art enabled 
 to ' rejoice in the Lord and joy in the God of thy 
 
140 MEMOIE OE SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 salvation.' I trust that this our confidence will be 
 vouchsafed to us even to the end, through those trials 
 which may yet be our portion ; for I sometimes feel 
 that, under circumstances of discouragement and diffi- 
 culty, when the way appears hedged up, the light 
 withdrawn, and hope very low, there is a secret and 
 blessed confidence (though very humble and often 
 stript of joy), which sustains in a belief that the 
 Lord's arm of everlasting power and love is under- 
 neath, and that He will preserve his own. The belief 
 that we are of the number of his children is unspeak- 
 ably precious. "We ought to entertain it with diffidence ; 
 but I do think that, at times, we may confess to one 
 another, in the freedom of brethren and sisters, that 
 such is our assurance. I salute thee, my dear friend, 
 in gospel nearness, and bid thee good speed on thy 
 spiritual journey, in the name of our blessed Re- 
 deemer. 
 
 The day that thy letter was written, I was, with my 
 wife, attending the interment of an aged aunt, Mary 
 Capper ; one who was full of days (in her ninety-first 
 year) and whose life had been devoted to the service of 
 Him who called her early into the vineyard, and who, in 
 a wonderful manner, delivered her out of strong tempta- 
 tions, and much suffering. Her latter days seemed 
 to be attended with a feeling of almost uninterrupted 
 thankfulness and praise. Since our return home, I 
 have had some close engagements in business, to 
 which I am in duty bound to attend, for the necessities 
 of the body, when not employed in service from 
 home." 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPEE. 141 
 
 DIAEY, etc. 
 
 " 1845, 9 ino. 25. "Was at my niece Maria Grundry's 
 interment. This dear young woman died of typhus 
 fever. 
 
 28. Attended the interment of my sister Martha 
 Grundry ; she died of typhus fever. It was a very 
 impressive thing to be at two interments, in the same 
 family, in such quick succession. ' Be ye also ready ' 
 seems to be sounded in our ears. 
 
 Bristol, 24, 11 mo. 1845. 
 
 My deae beothee and sistee W. and F. Naish, — 
 We were all pleased to find that your journey was 
 unattended by the fatigue which is sometimes expe- 
 rienced when old folks gad abroad. If your visit be 
 as gratifying in the performance and retrospect as 
 that to Bristol, I should hope that you will be satisfied 
 in having devoted so much time to your children and 
 other near relations. Tour company has been a 
 refreshment to me, for, although I readily admit that 
 I have very much to be thankful for, yet my mind 
 is often deeply occupied with personal, family, and 
 Society, not to say national subjects of vast import- 
 ance, which tend to wear the spirits. Not that I 
 apprehend that any way in which I could be engaged 
 would materially affect the happiness, melioration, or 
 prosperity of mankind at large, or of our religious 
 Society ; but I have a strong apprehension that every 
 person has an allotted portion of suffering to pass 
 through, and labour to perform ; and that it is of most 
 serious import, to him or her, to be watchful to know 
 
142 MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 what that is, and faithful to perform or endure it ; 
 and then the results, whether they be great or small, 
 or apparently none, may safely be left. ]Now that I 
 begin to feel my energies on the decline, it seems to 
 me the more necessary to let no time go, in which 
 any little thing may be done, lest no future oppor- 
 tunity should offer to repair the neglect. 
 
 Bristol, 5, 12 mo. 1845. 
 My dear brother John Backhouse, — Thou hast 
 indeed taken the most effectual means of relieving my 
 mind. I have heretofore been sensible of thy great 
 kindness and liberality, having largely tended to soften 
 the difficulties under which I have, for years, been 
 placed. My dear sister will, with thee, be pleased to 
 learn that we hope our circumstances will now be 
 comparatively easy. It is a great relief to me, in the 
 prospect of leaving home for Ireland. I feel a com- 
 fortable reliance that I shall be helped with a little 
 help, from time to time ; and, although sensible of the 
 difficulties and delicacy of the undertaking, am willing 
 to apply myself, with a degree of cheerfulness to the 
 work. Thy affectionate brother, S. Capper." 
 
 Samuel Capper's mind having again been brought 
 under exercise respecting Eriends and others in Ire- 
 land, he obtained a certificate, liberating him for reli- 
 gious service among them, and left home early in 1846. 
 The following are extracts from his letters to his wife. 
 
 "Belfast, 16, 1 mo. 1846. 
 
 My dear Elizabeth, — We had a beautiful run 
 across in twelve hours. Our friend Henry Bragg 
 
ME^IOIE OF SAAtrEL CAPPEE. 143 
 
 came over the water with Daniel Wheeler and me, and 
 has invited us to stay at his house. This appears to 
 be a thriving town; more like an English one than 
 those in the south of Ireland. The hills, in many- 
 places, are wooded down to the margin of the water, 
 and studded with pleasant country residences, among 
 which, that of Sharman Crawford is conspicuous. 
 
 17. We are most kindly entertained. The family 
 consists of H. Bragg's cheerful, contented, aged mother, 
 about eighty-four ; his nephew, an interesting young 
 man, his sweet young niece, and a very kind house- 
 keeper, D. Wheeler intended leaving on second-day, 
 but I believe I must propose to visit families here. 
 Belfast has a population of about 100,000. The dread- 
 ful scourge of popery does not extend over more than a 
 third of the number. In order to stamp its character, 
 no more seems necessary than to observe the effects 
 where it is dominant, which appear on the very surface. 
 
 19. The family-visit was commenced last evening. I 
 do hope that there are those in this place who may, 
 at a future day, faithfully uphold the testimonies of 
 truth ; for so I am thankful to believe they will be 
 confessed to be. 
 
 20. My host, John Pirn, has accompanied me to 
 W. J. Barcroft's, near Grange meeting-house. I 
 paid ten visits at Belfast, to which place I expect to 
 return. Many of these were heart-melting times. It 
 is gracious condescension in the great Head of his 
 church thus to pour out his blessing upon us; the 
 richness of his goodness must be left untold ; it is 
 only to be felt. 
 
144 MEMOIR OE SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 21. Grange meeting reminds me of Claverham ; 
 being mostly composed of persons engaged in agricul- 
 ture. Roan Hill is now only occupied by a caretaker, 
 and an aged female minister. She was unwell, and 
 W. Greer's widow took me to see her, when I was 
 gratified by a sight of the noble domain. Of the 
 meeting for worship I have a peaceful remembrance. 
 
 22. After passing the day at Eich Hill, we returned 
 to Belfast. 
 
 26. "What a variety is met with in such an engage- 
 ment as this ! variety as to outward appearance, as to 
 intellect, and, in an especial manner, as to the state 
 of the mind ! It is not surprising that, in the exer- 
 cises to be passed through in order to prepare for 
 administering to such a variety of states, much con- 
 flict should be needful ; and it is well to be kept in 
 a humble state, that nothing may mar the work. 
 
 30. Yesterday, my kind hostess, who is an elder, 
 went with me to the monthly meeting at Lisburn. 
 Dr. Hancock dined with me at Mary Eichardson's, 
 and was much interested about Dr. Ball, etc. In his 
 usual earnest and affectionate manner, he reverted to 
 the past, and seemed to delight in the remembrance 
 of my parents, sister Eebecca Bevan, etc. The family- 
 visit here is now nearly completed. It will be some 
 trial to part from my kind friends, in whose welfare I 
 take so tender an interest. 
 
 31, Glenmore. Here I have been most kindly re- 
 ceived. The place is complete, as a residence even for a 
 nobleman, and much out of my sphere. I hope, how- 
 ever, to be contented in every condition into which 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMTJEL CAPPER. 145 
 
 my present engagement may introduce me, and to dis- 
 charge with faithfulness all that may be laid upon 
 me. I have not had an idle day, nor a day that has 
 wanted intense interest. 
 
 2 mo. 1, First-day. After the first meeting, which 
 was at eleven o'clock, I was with M. Richardson for 
 about an hour, and went to meeting again at two 
 o'clock. I am not reconciled to this concentration of 
 the time for worship, though there maybe convenience 
 in it. I feel as if the time between the meetings 
 might not always be sufficient to allow the mind to 
 return to the duty with energy. To-day, however, 
 through condescending mercy, I believe I was per- 
 mitted to have my mind stayed on the Source of all 
 good, and I trust and believe that the commission 
 was received to preach the gospel. I dined with 
 Dr. Hancock, which I much enjoyed ; his two amiable 
 daughters were with him. I returned to J. N. Eichard- 
 son's at Glenmore to tea, and the evening has been 
 spent pleasantly, and I hope not unprofitably. 
 
 5, Lurgan. After holding a public meeting at 
 Lower Grange, I visited Eallinderry meeting, where I 
 believe the good Master was pleased to be with us. 
 My kind host, James Green, took me to Jacob Green's ; 
 he has two daughters very unwell. We took coffee 
 in his neat, comfortable little dwelling, and he went 
 with us to Brookfield school, which bids fair to be 
 very useful in affording education to the numerous 
 descendants of those who have, from various causes, 
 forfeited their membership in our Society; many of 
 whom are very poor. 
 
146 MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 2 mo. 7, Banford. My kind friend Eachel Haughton 
 took me to make some calls near Moyallen; among 
 the rest, to John Christy's, who is in affliction. Last 
 night, one of his sons had to cross a river on his way 
 home, and it is supposed that he fell in, his hat having 
 been found near. To-day I have been to Eathfriland, 
 a very interesting ride ; the farm-houses good, and the 
 people well-clad and thriving ; a few ricks of corn on 
 most farms — a thing rarely seen in the south of Ire- 
 land. The distant mountains formed a fine outline. 
 
 2 mo. 9. A large, favoured public meeting at Eich 
 Hill. 
 
 11, Eed Ford. W. J. Barcroft drove me to a 'place 
 where dwell about Hve families of very poor people, 
 most of them members of our Society, some of them 
 having children. They live in small cabins, and occupy 
 a few acres of land. They grow potatoes for their 
 own food, and sell the flax, oats, etc., to pay rent. 
 They also keep a cow or two. Friends are kind to 
 them, and educate their children. They are about 
 twenty in number, and we had, what I hope they 
 might feel, a refreshing opportunity of worshipping 
 with them. I have had a public meeting here. I am 
 very stiff in my joints ; otherwise well ; but find it 
 close work. 
 
 13, Eoscommon. This day, under the care of my 
 kind young friend James Pike, I have travelled up- 
 wards of fifty Irish miles, on the usual car, and am 
 not a little fatigued. I have now finally left the 
 prosperous north, and come among the miserable, de- 
 graded southern people. 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPEE. 147 
 
 14. Came to Ballymurry, to visit two aged widows, 
 etc. One of them had had a fall, which ' considerably 
 destroyed her,' as she expressed it. It was an agree- 
 able interview. 
 
 18. After attending several other meetings, I was 
 at the monthly meeting at Montrath, which was a 
 time of favour. I wish it may not be suffered to pass 
 over as a thing of course, for I have no doubt that 
 these occasions will rise up in judgment against us, if 
 they do not produce fruit. My kind host James Pirn 
 took me to Montrath ; he is a fine, hale old man, about 
 seventy-five, and I believe feels much interest in the 
 welfare of our Society. 
 
 2 mo. 24. [After being at Mountmellick, etc.] It 
 had been suggested that Ballinakil being a very small 
 meeting, I might, perhaps, feel at liberty to omit it. 
 I was, however, glad that I sat down with the little 
 interesting company ; I believe it was right, and in 
 the visit I had peace. I am well, but I begin to think 
 more impatiently of home than I have done before. 
 
 26, Kilnock. Here I am entertained by M. J. 
 Lecky with the most affectionate kindness, and feel 
 that there is a real, deep sympathy in my exercises. 
 
 3 mo. 2, Ballitore. Visited dear Eliz. Barrington, 
 a fine, lively minister, upwards of seventy. 
 
 8, Dublin. First-day. "Was at both meetings, and 
 had a religious opportunity with a large company at 
 Samuel Bewley's, where I slept." 
 
 On the 10th, S. Capper returned home for a few 
 weeks, after which he sailed again for Dublin, and 
 proceeded to Enniscorthy, whence he writes : — 
 
148 MEMOIR Or SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 " 4, 4 mo. 1846. 
 
 My dear Elizabeth,-— Sixth-day was a cold, driz- 
 zling day for my journey here, so that the glen of the 
 Downs, the vale of Avoca, and the meeting of the 
 Waters, did not put on their most smiling aspect ; 
 but even the glimpse of them, all in coldness and tears, 
 is very beautiful. I have been attending meetings at 
 Cooladine and at Ballintore. It has been a day of 
 much exercise of mind, but I am thankful to believe 
 that my desire has been to perform what has been 
 required in simplicity and faithfulness. I think it 
 likely that W. Harvey will be my associate in the 
 family-visit at Clonmel. 
 
 4 mo. 9, New Town, near Wat erf or d. I am in- 
 formed that W. Eennell is dead, and to be buried to- 
 morrow, near Cahir, where I think it likely that I 
 may be, though the prospect is a solemn one. 
 
 11, Clonmel. Yesterday, J. and L. Grubb accom- 
 panied me thirteen Irish miles to the residence of the 
 late W. Eennell, the old seat of the Earl of Grlengall ; 
 and a fine, ancient place it is. We had live miles to 
 go to the burying-place, Ballybrado. I think we were 
 about four hundred persons." After alluding to the 
 multitude attracted by the occasion, he says, " Jacob 
 Green and I thought it right to embrace the oppor- 
 tunity of laying a few plain truths before this poor, 
 priest-ridden people. W. Harvey and I have to-day 
 commenced the family-visit, and I have felt, more 
 clearly than is usual for me, that the labour had been 
 accepted, as a discharge of the debt due. 
 
 16. I feel low and tried this morning, but hope 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 149 
 
 that I shall be helped to the end of this service. 
 "W. Harvey is very kind and sympathizing. 
 
 1846, 4 mo. 17. I have not often felt so much 
 peace as is now granted, after close exercise, and the 
 discharge of the service laid upon me. Perhaps it may 
 be allowed in order to refresh me, after having passed 
 through much. 
 
 20, Limerick. The completion of the family-visit in 
 Clonmel was truly exercising. I trust I am now clear. 
 
 25, Dublin. I am now an inmate with our kind 
 friend H. Eussell. Many English Friends have 
 arrived to attend the yearly meeting: Samuel Tuke, 
 Eobert Lindsay, Joseph Fryer, Martha Thornhill, etc. 
 
 26, First-day. T^e were not without some tokens 
 of the overshadowing of Divine goodness. 
 
 27, The report from Brookfield School was very 
 satisfactory; at the cost of about £6 per head annually, 
 it appears that fifty children are taken in many cases 
 from much exposure to vice, and are introduced into 
 industrious habits, and to the knowledge of gospel 
 truth ; in so much as man has the power to impart it. 
 The results have been very delightful. Most of the 
 children who have left the school are conducting 
 themselves well, and some are very promising. 
 
 Thine, S. C." 
 
 TO HIS YOUNGEST SOX. 
 
 "Lublin, 28, 4 mo. 1846. 
 My dear Thomas, — I must confess that thou hast 
 been less present with me on this journey than on 
 some former occasions ; and indeed I feel as if I had 
 
150 MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 bad enough to do to look to myself. My engagements 
 have been in rapid succession, and of a very exercising 
 nature, and I walk in the midst of strict observers, 
 with dangers on every hand ; much evil resulting 
 from well-intentioned opposition to salutary practices ; 
 so that great care is necessary, in supporting what I 
 believe to be right, not to weaken the hands of those 
 who do not see as I do : I allude chiefly to the practice 
 of total abstinence. I often entertain the hope, which 
 thou expressest, that I may be preserved from injuring 
 the good cause. I am glad of thy mistress's message 
 of love ; we need a little such refreshment, amid the 
 buffetings that we meet with." 
 
 After returning from the Irish yearly meeting, 
 Samuel Capper, accompanied by his wife, was at that 
 in London, whence he wrote to Dr. Ball : — 
 
 "London, 20, 5 mo. 1846. 
 
 My dear friend Gawek Ball, — The yearly 
 meeting of ministers and elders has liberated three 
 Friends for service in Norway, one for the South of 
 France, and one for North America. 
 
 5 mo. 21. Several testimonies concerning deceased 
 Friends were read; among them, one for my aunt 
 M. Capper — a childlike account of a childlike disciple ; 
 and one for Eliz. Fry — a very suitable description of 
 her eventful life. The reading of these documents 
 was instructive, and especially interesting to us, who 
 feel ourselves drawing toward the same solemn period. 
 
 24, First-day. The meetings at Tottenham were 
 large. In the morning there was much communicated ; 
 
MEMOIE OF SAMUEL CAPPEK. 151 
 
 in the evening less, and I thought there was a fuller 
 sense of Divine power. 
 
 5 mo. 29. Samuel Tuke visited the women's 
 meeting. The large committee sat in the afternoon, 
 when there was some variety of opinion ; we cannot 
 but be thankful that the oil was constantly on the 
 waters, both in the meeting and committee. 
 
 Thy affectionate friend, Samuel Cappee." 
 
 Feeling an attraction to attend the quarterly meeting 
 for Cornwall, before entering on a series of public 
 meetings, S. Capper went to Liskeard, whence he 
 writes to his wife : — 
 
 " Liskeard, 3J>, 6 mo. 1846. 
 
 My deae Elizabeth, — As far as Taunton, I had 
 the company of a captain in the army, his wife, etc. 
 He was a pleasing, mild man. I hope that a few 
 observations, which the way opened to make, might 
 recur to him, and occasion serious consideration. I 
 was most kindly received by our valued friends, 
 J. and E. Allen. I rose this morning under great 
 discouragement; but I may thankfully say that, at 
 meeting, so much life and power attended us that my 
 doubts vanished like a mist before the sun. 
 
 7 mo. 1. I have just risen after a comfortable night's 
 rest, never, I think, more impressed with a sense of 
 the necessity for superior help and guidance, even in 
 our deportment one toward another ; that we may be 
 preserved, seasoning each other, and may not be per- 
 mitted, through want of watchfulness, to do or say 
 anything which may fan an unhallowed zeal, or 
 
152 MEMOIR OE SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 strengthen a wrong birth in any. "Wherever there 
 are those who are conspicuous for their love and zeal, 
 and who shine as lights, there the strength of the 
 enemy is put forth to deceive, and to lead out of the 
 way. May the Lord's power shield the living ones 
 against his assaults, and secret invasions ! 
 
 p.m. In the meeting, several were engaged in the 
 ministry, and I believe the spirits of some were re- 
 freshed. It has been a peaceful day. 
 
 3. At Lymington, had a meeting in the tent. The 
 people were serious, and I hope it was in right 
 ordering. 
 
 7 mo. 8, Porlock. A more beautiful country than 
 this I can Jiardly imagine ; rich and fertile in the 
 extreme, with very bold hills, and many of them well 
 planted. But a dark, undisciplined spirit seems to 
 abound. "We have made our way rather to the sur- 
 prise of some, as there is a great fear of the clergy 
 and gentry. Thomas Short seems to enter much into 
 my tried feelings, from the great responsibility of the 
 undertaking, and the daily exercise of mind which is 
 involved in the endeavour to discover our right path. 
 
 13, Ilfracombe. The meetings at Coomb Martin 
 were blest ; it was a day of deep exercise, but I feel 
 as much at the prospect in this place, which is full of 
 company, and I think is a place of high profession. 
 
 15, Torrington. The country is enchantingly beau- 
 tiful, and rich in wild flowers of magnificent growth, 
 At Braunton, the meeting was very large, and I think 
 may be ranked among those where truth predominated; 
 the living being refreshed, and the thoughtless aroused. 
 
MEMOIR Or SAMUEL CAPPER. 153 
 
 I am very well, but I cannot describe the exercise 
 of spirit which I daily undergo. The repetition of 
 meetings does not, I am glad to say, make me feel 
 less solicitude for the anointing that alone can prepare 
 for service ; nor less sensible of the deep responsibility 
 of the engagement. I hope that, when it is fulfilled, 
 I may be favoured to reach home with a belief that 
 the good cause has not suffered, and that Divine 
 appointment, in the matter, has been followed. The 
 meeting at Ilfracombe was, in its external features, a 
 rough one. The place in which we fixed the tent 
 proved too public, being a field through which persons 
 go to the evening promenade ; yet we had a very 
 solemn meeting ; many appeared to be §eriously in- 
 terested, and I believe were deeply solicitous that 
 they might be true spiritual worshippers. To these 
 the language of encouragement was addressed, and, 
 on the whole, it was a relieving time, though gone 
 through under no inconsiderable trial of mind. We 
 came to Braunton yesterday. I hope to be at Stratton 
 on first-day; I received the tracts and maps at Porlock. 
 "We have distributed about one thousand tracts. 
 
 7 mo. 18, Stratton. It is a trying service ; but, if 
 rightly engaged in, all that is to be endured ought to 
 be suffered in patience. 
 
 21, Boscastle. On seventh-day evening, John Allen 
 and his family arrived at Stratton. It was very 
 pleasant to have their company ; they are peculiarly 
 suited to assist and sympathize. I believe that the 
 two meetings at Stratton, on first-day, were satisfactory, 
 Thy affectionate Husband." 
 
154 MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPEE. 
 
 In this journey he held nineteen meetings, princi- 
 pally on the coast of Somerset, Devon, and Cornwall. 
 
 TO A FEIEND IN IEELAND. 
 
 "Bristol, 19, 10 mo. 1846. 
 My deae Feiend, — My mind has often turned 
 toward thee, and the few Friends of your neighbour- 
 hood, feeling much sympathy with you all, and being 
 frequently bowed in earnest desire for your spiritual 
 growth. Called, as I believe thou art, to exercise a 
 beneficial influence among this little company, I am 
 persuaded that the preparation for such service, and 
 the preservation in such service, must be known 
 through dee£ and hidden baptisms of spirit. Through 
 these, my beloved friend, in days past thou hast been 
 borne, and it may be that, at the present time, thou 
 art passing through such. What condescension, in 
 the Chief Shepherd, that He is pleased so to lead us 
 about and instruct us ! even as we are able to bear. 
 It is a painful experience to watch those we love, with 
 solemn solicitude that they may listen to the voice of 
 this true Shepherd, and to see one and another 
 deceived, deluded, and separated from the self-denying 
 flock of the companions of Christ. Yes ! it is truly 
 painful ; and we have need of the cheering rays of the 
 Sun of righteousness, to sustain under the conflict 
 and the grief; especially when, as I believe may 
 sometimes be the case with thee, the language may 
 be, ' By whom shall Jacob arise ? Lord ! what wilt 
 thou do for thy great name ?' Yet I think I feel that 
 there are other times w r hen thy soul rests, in con- 
 
MEM0IB, OF SA31UEL CAPPEK. 155 
 
 fidence, on the consoling assurance that the Lord will 
 arise, and that his enemies shall be scattered ; that 
 in his own time He will come, and will not tarry. I 
 have a sweet belief that thou art regarded with 
 especial care, and that thy feet will be preserved firm 
 on the Eock, amid the trials which may be permitted 
 to await thee. I seem to visit all the Friends near 
 thee individually, with brotherly affection, and to 
 desire the removal of every obstacle to their maturing 
 as Christians. Oh that the faculties and energies of 
 all were devoted to the service of Him whom we 
 acknowledge as our Master! I do not forget the 
 lively young woman who accompanied us, though I do 
 forget her name. The Lord loves early dedication of 
 
 heart. I often mourn for the children of , and 
 
 long to hear that the Good Shepherd has been pleased 
 to extend the crook of his love, and draw them to 
 Himself; that they have been made willing to yield 
 to his gentle attractions, surrendering all those things 
 against which the light of truth discovers that his 
 controversy is. Thy affectionate friend, S* C. 
 
 Bristol, 15, 11 mo. 1846. 
 
 My deau son" Thomas, — "With respect to the most 
 important subject of thy letter, it is no light matter 
 to advise ; but, upon reflecting on it, some thoughts 
 have occurred, to which I may briefly advert. In thy 
 present condition of youth and consequent inexperience, 
 the whole weight of the counsel generally understood 
 by allusion to the example of Gideon, when charged 
 with an important embassy to the children of Israel, 
 in his trying the fleece repeatedly, may safely be 
 
156 MEMOIE OF SAMUEL CAPPEE. 
 
 recommended. Even should thy friends eventually 
 think it right to express their belief of thy being called 
 to the ministry, it may be long before they do so; 
 and, until then, the way for thy putting in practice 
 the views which appear to have occupied thy mind, 
 would be beset with additional difficulties. 
 
 To me, however, the most solemn and weighty 
 matter is the question whether it be truly a birth of 
 the Spirit ; and then, whether the time to bear the 
 burden thyself may have been fully submitted to. If 
 it should be thy portion to know more of this kind of 
 engagement, I believe thou wilt find (at least I have 
 found it so) that there is often a long season appointed 
 to bear the, burden, and that it is sometimes permitted 
 that the prospect should be removed, as it were, to a 
 distance, and again brought near, many times. It 
 may be in order to check a hasty disposition, and to 
 give exercise to patience and submission. I hope thou 
 wilt be favoured to wait ; to seek and to find the right 
 thing, and the right time ; to serve, either by action 
 or by passive submission, the cause of Christ. 
 
 Thy affectionate Father." 
 
 In the summer of the next year Samuel Capper 
 again felt engaged to hold meetings in the south- 
 western parts of England, for which purpose he left 
 his home on the 17th of 6 mo., accompanied by his 
 kind and faithful friend Joseph Eaton. The following 
 are extracts from letters to his wife : — 
 
 "Ziskeard, 19, 6 mo. 1847. 
 
 My deae Elizabeth,— All is in train for two tent- 
 meetings at Looe on first-day. I never felt the prospect 
 
MEMOIR OE SAMUEL CAPPEE. 157 
 
 more humbling, I think I may say awful ; and yet I 
 do not doubt the propriety of making the attempt. 
 I have thought, almost without ceasing (and often so as 
 to adopt it), of our late dear cousin Eliz. Fry's prayer, 
 6 Lord ! keep and help thy servant !' 
 
 We have sat a short time, very pleasantly, with 
 Samuel Sundell and his wife, both in their eighty- 
 fourth year; also with John "Waidge, in his eighty- 
 fifth. I am very well ; the day is fine, and I hope for 
 the best for to-morrow. 
 
 Fowey, 6 mo. 22. On first-day, we were thankful 
 to feel the owning of Divine love and power. Tester- 
 day we came here by boat, and had a good meeting. 
 It is a great comfort to be permitted to believe that I 
 am in my right place. 
 
 25. Yesterday was the marriage of J. Allen's daugh- 
 ter ; and a sweet, solemn, and I believe profitable day 
 it proved. The bride's mother and the bridegroom's 
 brother were both engaged to supplicate in the meet- 
 ing, after which I had to set forth the simplicity of 
 gospel practice, as regards marriage and the ministry ; 
 all being accomplished without the intervention of 
 paid persons. I exhorted the members of our own 
 Society to prize, and faithfully to maintain our privi- 
 leges and testimonies ; and others to be willing, as 
 these Christian blessings were known, to embrace 
 them, and to bear the cross which would certainly 
 attend such a course of conduct. I was then, as 
 George Fox might have said, moved to pray, and had 
 a solemn season of access to the Father of spirits. 
 The meeting was about concluding when John Allen, 
 
158 MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPEE. 
 
 in an address to the company present, among whom 
 were many of the inhabitants of the place, acknow- 
 ledged, very suitably and affectionately, his sense of 
 the kind interest shown on the occasion, and expressed 
 his solicitude for their true welfare and happiness. 
 
 6 mo. 30, Tregony. We have had the melancholy 
 intelligence of the death of our dear friend Nehemiah 
 Moore. I feel as if, had I known of the event, I could 
 hardly have left home ; so greatly do I feel the loss of 
 one who had such a charge upon him ! The distance 
 is so great that I cannot be at the interment, and I 
 could scarcely believe it right to break off from my 
 present engagement. The widow and children have 
 my sympathy very fully. We are now at this desolate 
 place ; a poor, dull, thinly inhabited village, misnamed 
 a town. However, I hope that we are in our right 
 places. 
 
 7 mo. 1. I have again to record the condescending 
 goodness of the Head of his church. The unanimated 
 borough of Tregony, with less than one thousand 
 inhabitants, sent out about half that number to the 
 meeting, which was a satisfactory one. 
 
 7 mo. 5, Falmouth. We were very kindly welcomed 
 here by E. 0. Tregelles and family. Two meetings 
 were held in the tent on first-day, on the Bowling- 
 green, which were very exercising. However, through 
 Divine favour, they ended well, I believe. It is 
 pleasant that Friends here appear to have good unity 
 with the line in which I am led. 
 
 7 mo. 10. We attended the quarterly meeting at 
 
 Liskeard, and were at the interment of John Waidge. 
 
 t 
 
 
MEMOIE OF SAMUEL CAPPEK. 159 
 
 We are now at Helstone, where we expect to have two 
 meetings to-morrow. 
 
 13. Since we left Falmouth, we have had the 
 agreeable company of Charles Fox. 
 
 15, Penzance. A large and relieving meeting was 
 held in the tent here last evening. Edmund Eichards 
 has just come to reside here ; his sister came to the 
 public meeting, and a very agreeable Methodist, from 
 the village of Mousehole. These three sat by me. 
 It would be very hot, if we had not fine sea-breezes. 
 I encourage myself by the consideration that, as the 
 month which we have been absent, with all its trials 
 and perplexities, has passed over, so I may hope will 
 the remaining time allotted to us in this visit. What 
 an emblem of our passage through life ! I sincerely 
 desire that it may hold good ; that there may be the 
 same confident looking forward to rest from our 
 labours. 
 
 7 mo. 23, Trewergies. Last night we held our 
 closing tent-meeting, at Hayle, and Jos. Eaton and I 
 are going to Burncoose. 
 
 28, Plymouth. John Williams most kindly brought 
 us to Truro Yean, where we spent a quiet first-day. 
 It is the monthly meeting here to-day, after which we 
 mean to go to Modbury, and to be at Kingsbridge to- 
 morrow, which closes our engagements." 
 
 Samuel Capper returned home on the 30th. On 
 the 17th of the 8th month, his brother-in-law, John 
 Backhouse, to whom he was much attached, and who 
 had long been a patient sufferer, suddenly expired ; and 
 
160 MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 Samuel Capper attended the interment on the 22nd, 
 at Darlington, where he stayed a few days. 
 
 We have not many more particulars of the remain- 
 der of this year, but may here introduce a letter from 
 T. S. Capper, the youngest of the family, who was 
 still an apprentice with Eobert Simpson : — 
 
 "Melksham, 4, 12 mo. 1847. 
 
 My dear Brothers and Sisters, — I have been 
 led to pray in secret to my heavenly Father, that He 
 would be pleased to preserve and guide me ; and also, 
 more particularly of late, that He would enable me to 
 cherish a right disposition of mind toward others, 
 and especially toward my own family ; that He would 
 grant such a feeling of love for you, my dear brothers 
 and sisters, as would lead me to desire your welfare as 
 my own ; and that we might all of us be kept in that 
 loving disposition wherein we should be willing to 
 acknowledge our faults one to another. I do not write 
 this under a feeling of self-exaltation, not as though 
 my religious attainments were superior to yours ; but 
 from a desire to stir up the pure mind in you by way 
 of remembrance, that we may not, any of us, forget 
 the necessity of a daily watch ; for it was while men 
 slept that the enemy came and sowed tares among the 
 wheat ; and it is at those times, when we are off our 
 guard, that he is particularly assiduous in presenting 
 his baits ; very often trying to persuade us that there 
 is no need for that strict watch that we, at one time, 
 felt constrained to observe. But I feel satisfied that 
 this is a very subtle snare ; one that has led many 
 astray, and kept them back from that field of usefulness 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 161 
 
 which was designed for them by the Head of the 
 church. If these few remarks do apply to any one of 
 my dear brothers and sisters, who may now constitute 
 the family circle, may they accept them in that love in 
 which they are written by your affectionate brother, 
 
 T. S. Capper." 
 
 In the summer of 1848, Samuel Capper held public 
 meetings in "Wiltshire and Berkshire. He writes to 
 his wife : — 
 
 "Swindon, 16, 6 mo. 1848. 
 
 My dear Elizabeth, — We procured a meeting at 
 Ogbourn St. G-eorge, a small village ; it was attended 
 by more than half the population, though many were 
 engaged in sheepshearing and haymaking. "We could 
 not succeed to-day in obtaining a place for the tent, in 
 a neighbouring village, in consequence of the prejudices 
 of the landowners ; so that we were obliged to content 
 ourselves with distributing tracts, which may stir up 
 a spirit of inquiry. "We are arranging for meetings 
 here on first-day. 
 
 Wantage, 28, 6 mo. 1848. 
 
 Thine reached me yesterday at Cheltenham; thy 
 presence would have been more agreeable to me, but 
 perhaps it was best. I assure thee that nothing short 
 of being with us could completely inform any one of 
 the difficulties of such an undertaking as this. It is 
 needful to be armed with patience, in a large degree ; 
 but we have learned that this will overcome almost 
 all obstacles. In one place, as I was going to the 
 tent, a man came up to me and inquired our business, 
 
 M 
 
162 MEMOIB. OF SAMUEL CAPPEB. 
 
 asserting that there were no ministers of Christ but 
 such as had been consecrated by the bishop, that we 
 had no business there ; but added, that he would stay 
 and hear what we had to say. After awhile, he became 
 sufficiently calm to sit down, and a sweet solemnity 
 came over the meeting, under which I knelt down and 
 supplicated. Soon afterwards I arose, and alluded to 
 my apprehension of duty to come and sit down with 
 them, and to speak such things as might be given me 
 for their edification, etc. He stood up and said, 
 ' You are speaking that which is false; you are no 
 minister of the gospel ; you ought not to come sowing 
 disunion in the parish ; the care of the souls here is 
 my charge.' I quietly reminded him that all I had 
 asserted was, that, in my apprehension, this duty was 
 laid upon me, and queried with him whether he 
 thought such an interruption of a meeting for Divine 
 worship was a becoming proceeding. He answered, 
 * Well ! go on ; if you say anything contrary to the 
 word of God, I shall interrupt you.' As he said no 
 more, we may conclude that he did not find the occasion. 
 The people behaved exceedingly well. After the meet- 
 ing, he disputed with Joseph Eaton and W. Brewin, on 
 apostolical succession ; and touched on tithes, women's 
 preaching, baptism, and the Supper. He received 
 suitable answers, while the people in great numbers 
 listened with intense attention, especially the upper 
 class of farmers. There was a vehement demand for 
 tracts, and about four hundred were distributed ; the 
 people calling out, ' Give me one about your principles !' 
 The next day, the discussion appeared to be going on 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPEE. 163 
 
 all over the parish. It will not, I think, do for us to 
 leave this engagement, though it would have been a 
 mournful satisfaction to attend the remains of our late 
 dear friend Daniel "Wheeler to their final resting- 
 place. 
 
 Wantage, 1, 7 mo. 1848. 
 
 We have had several meetings in this vicinity. Last 
 night we had a refreshing one at Sparsholt. I am 
 glad that thou goest to see our dear friend Sarah 
 Allen, to whom my dear love; also to M. and L. 
 "Wright, who so kindly call on thee. 
 
 7 mo. 6, Wallingford. I calculate that we have, in 
 our various meetings, seen in this way about eight 
 thousand people, since leaving home. 
 
 8, Reading. I have made this a day of rest, not to 
 say idling, as I really wanted it. The meetings at 
 Steventon, etc., were, through mercy, seasons likely to 
 be remembered. 
 
 15. We had several meetings last week, concluding 
 at Thatcham ; all favoured with the Master's presence, 
 so we may hope that they will be blest. As to myself, 
 I am poor enough, and feel my reponsibility ; but I 
 trust I am in my right allotment. I often think that 
 the people are like thirsty ground, drinking in showers. 
 We have the kind assistance of Joseph Christy, etc., 
 which is very acceptable, in preparing for the meetings, 
 etc. 
 
 18. The death of Ann Tucker is sudden, and ought, 
 with all other such evidences of the uncertainty of 
 time, to be accepted as a warning against indifference 
 and carelessness. I never remember a time when I 
 
164 MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 felt more solemnly that ' time is short,' and that my 
 summons may arrive unexpectedly. My late meetings 
 have brought peace. To-day we go to the monthly 
 meeting at Henley, and are to have a public one at 
 "Wokingham. I pray that the great Master may be 
 with us in all these engagements. 
 
 21. Last night we had a delightful meeting at 
 Mortimer. I am very thankful that the undertaking is 
 so far got through. Friends are very kind, enter with 
 interest into the tent-service, and seem quite to 
 approve of this mode of reaching people." 
 
 S. Capper returned home on the 25th, and wrote as 
 follows to his brother-in-law W. ]N"aish. : — 
 
 " Bristol, 29, 7 mo. 1848. 
 
 My dear Brother, — I came home last third-day, 
 and found our family in usual health, which I feel to 
 be a great mercy ; especially as we are now so far 
 advanced in years. We all feel much sympathy with 
 you and your dear Anne, in the unexpected solicitude, 
 and deeply interesting anticipations, occasioned by 
 her present state of health. I suppose that, until her 
 arrival at home, you were not aware of the alteration 
 which it had undergone. We know how such trials 
 drive the mind to the only true Foundation of hope 
 and comfort ; and we earnestly desire that this rest 
 may be both hers and yours, be the result what it may. 
 In my late journey we were absent forty-one days, 
 and had thirty meetings ; the aggregate attendance 
 about 13,000. We were at one quarterly and one 
 monthly meeting, and at six meetings for worship with 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 165 
 
 Friends only. We met with much opposition from 
 the Puseyite clergy ; indeed, it is lamentable to see the 
 number of proud, self-important young Eomanists who 
 issue from Oxford, and overrun the rural districts, 
 darkening the spiritual horizon with their superstition 
 and unsound doctrines. They are indefatigable in 
 endeavouring to obtain dominion over the schools. 
 Thy affectionate brother, S. C. 
 
 Bristol, 19, 8 mo. 1848. 
 
 My dear sister jMotjnset, — "We have thought 
 often and affectionately of thee during the protracted 
 illness of our dear brother, and we trust thy mind is 
 now somewhat relieved. We have been favoured with 
 health ; the few interruptions to it which I have 
 experienced have taught me that such suspensions of 
 the usual course of things brings eternity closely and 
 seriously before the mind, greatly to our benefit. But, 
 although our own health has been as good as we might 
 reasonably expect, surrounding circumstances are cal- 
 culated to arouse us to the consideration of the 
 uncertainty of our tenure. Our dear brother and 
 sister JNTaish have been at the Hotwells on account of 
 the declining state of their youngest daughter; we 
 are also much concerned at the rapid decline of Wm. 
 G-undry's (jun.) wife. The person who opposed me, 
 in the meeting to which thou alludest, fell in with 
 Joseph Eaton while he was giving notice of the 
 holding of it. He said that Friends had no ministers, 
 as they had none by apostolical succession. The argu- 
 ment continued about ten minutes, when the parson 
 
166 MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPEB. 
 
 said that he could not spare time for further discourse. 
 This conversation took place at the house of a poor 
 old couple, and the woman, perceiving the weakness 
 of his reasoning, said to Joseph Eaton, ' I am glad 
 you was lamed enough the answer the gentleman so 
 well !' All his family were at the meeting." 
 
 Samuel Capper and his son Thomas attended the 
 interment of A. C. Naish. S. C. afterwards wrote to 
 her brother : — 
 
 "Bristol, 11, 10 mo. 1848. 
 
 My dear Abthue, — We reached home safely. My 
 object in writing is to ask how you all, and particularly 
 thy parents, are, now that the reality of your loss is 
 confirmed by some days' experience ; for I have found, 
 in similar cases, that some time elapses before I can 
 fully comprehend the truth. One lesson I do trust 
 that we shall all learn — the necessity of being in 
 earnest about the work of our salvation; to be ac- 
 quainted with the operations of the Holy Spirit, and 
 to know the guilt of our sins washed away by the 
 mediatorial efficacy of our Saviour's love. 
 
 Thy affectionate uncle, S. C." 
 
 In the summer of 1849, S. Capper held public 
 meetings in Oxfordshire. He writes thus to his wife : — 
 
 " Oxford, 7, 6 mo. 1849. 
 
 My dear Elizabeth, — Our kind relation James 
 Cadbury met us here, and we have taken lodgings for 
 two weeks. After a night of considerable conflict, I 
 have become more resigned and hopeful." 
 
MEMOIR OP SAMUEL CAPPER. 167 
 
 S. C. had the company of his son Thomas, of his 
 long-tried friend Eobert Charlton, and of some others, 
 who kindly gave their assistance. Several meetings 
 were held, to his relief. He writes : — 
 
 " 6 mo. 11th. ¥m. Albright and I took tea with 
 the widow of a clergyman, a very sweet-spirited woman, 
 who lays herself out to do good, and whose mind is 
 much enlightened. 
 
 16, Banbury. "We are now at our kind friend J. A. 
 G-illett's, and feel it to be a day of rest, which I 
 believe I needed. The Wesleyan minister, a very 
 agreeable man, once a minister in the Establishment, 
 has called to impress on me the importance of holding 
 a tent-meeting here. At Bicester, the Independent 
 minister took a deep interest in the concern, and told 
 me that, for ten years, he had earnestly desired that 
 Friends might be sent there ; and he now felt that his 
 prayer had been granted." 
 
 He was diligently engaged for some time in holding 
 meetings in the neighbourhood of Oxford, in a part 
 of which service he had the kind assistance of his 
 cousin Richard Fry. "When the time approached for 
 having one in the city, he deeply felt the respon- 
 sibility of it, and thus writes to his wife : — 
 
 " To-morrow morning (first-day) we are to meet a 
 few persons who would be glad to worship with Friends, 
 were there any residing in this place; and, in the 
 evening, we are to have a public meeting in the 
 assembly-room at the Star Hotel. My mind has 
 
168 MEMOIR OE SAMUEL CAPPEE. 
 
 been not a little tried with the weighty prospect for 
 some days ; a meeting in this centre of Eomanism in 
 the English church ! What I may feel it right to say 
 I cannot foresee, but the state of Christian professors 
 presses heavily on my mind. I have also felt very 
 much exhausted by the daily exercise, so long con- 
 tinued; if, however, we are but permitted to be of 
 any use in the Lord's hand, no fatigue, no exercise, 
 no suffering, ought to be regarded. 
 
 6 mo. 24. The meeting was attended by about five 
 hundred, chiefly members of the Church of England ; 
 several Eriends came from Beading, etc. J. A. Grillett 
 spoke at some length. I had to go into some Puseyite 
 doctrines," and Dr. Pusey was preaching in the city at 
 the same time. One old man said to his wife, ' I wish 
 half the parsons in Oxford had been here.' 
 
 29. The quarterly meeting was well attended ; since 
 which several public meetings have been held ; to-day, 
 one at Deddington, which clears us out from Oxford- 
 shire. Thine affectionately, S. C." 
 
 DIARY, etc. 
 
 " 7 mo. 1. Eirst-day, passed at Sibford school, etc. 
 
 4. A meeting at Potterne. 
 
 5. Eeturned home. 
 
 8 mo. 5. Attended Armscott meeting. Many Eriends 
 were there, and about four hundred and fifty of the 
 people of the neighbourhood. It is to be regretted 
 that better accommodation is not provided, as it might 
 easily be done. 
 
 16. My son Thomas married Caroline Merryweather. 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 169 
 
 8 mo. 19. Susan Howland, accompanied by her 
 husband, attended our meeting. 
 
 Bristol, 30, 8 mo. 1849. 
 
 My dear Sister, — I believe I have never before 
 experienced so large a share of relief, by any engage- 
 ment of the kind, as on my return from my late journey ; 
 and I have certainly seldom, if ever, felt the service so 
 trying. I wish I could do as my brother John has 
 done — pay you a visit in the north ; but, at present, 
 it seems unattainable ; the time may, however, come 
 for it. I hear that W. C. JNaish has also been with 
 you ; I hope to his benefit, every way. "VVe are ex- 
 pecting his parents to take lodgings in this vicinity, 
 as they think themselves too much of invalids to come 
 into a family. Our Thomas and his wife are com- 
 fortably settled. Thy affectionate Brother. 
 
 Bristol, 25, 9 mo. 1849. 
 
 My dear sister Motjnsey, — My wife and I have 
 been nearly a fortnight at Weston, and have enjoyed 
 it almost as much as two young persons would ; for, 
 although our activity is considerably diminished, yet, 
 being alone, we could saunter about as suited us. Our 
 brother TV*. jNaish and his daughter Lucy are near us, 
 chiefly for the benefit of her health, as she is very weak, 
 and has a cough. My last account of our dear sister 
 Eobson was from her own hand ; it was not encourag- 
 ing as to her restoration, but I think I trace the 
 cheering evidence of a state of preparation for the 
 solemn change which awaits us all ; and especially 
 those among us who are so far advanced as myself. 
 
 Thy affectionate brother, S. C. 
 
170 MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 1850, 2 mo. 5. It was our monthly meeting, but I 
 did not attend it, being taken with an insensibility, 
 which caused me to fall on the hearth after breakfast. 
 It appeared quickly to pass off." 
 
 A few weeks after this date, Samuel Capper visited 
 the north, in consequence of the increased illness of his 
 sister Anne Eobson. On his way he attended Leeds 
 meeting, and has left the following memorandum of 
 his exercise there : — 
 
 "3 mo. 17. At Leeds meeting, spoke on the danger 
 of giving up the contest against evil ; and respecting 
 the preparation of the stones for Solomon's temple, 
 as an illustration of the necessity which there is for 
 us to know the perfect work of preparation for our 
 respective allotments in the church. I also spoke of 
 the danger, if such offices were entered upon while 
 the preparation is incomplete, of destroying the beauty 
 and harmony of the building, if not its substantial 
 strength. 
 
 3 mo. 20, Sunderland. My dear sister Anne Eobson 
 died, after a very protracted time of weakness. She 
 was favoured with a confidential trust in the redeem- 
 ing mercy of the Most High, and of its extension to 
 herself; saying, at one time, that she had a blessed 
 hope. 
 
 21. I called on our dear aged friends Elizabeth 
 Eobson and Margaret Richardson. Both appear to 
 be in a state of maturity, waiting for their dismissal. 
 The latter had to express, very sweetly, her sympathy 
 with me, in the prospect of renewed labour, this 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 171 
 
 summer, among the poorer population. I had a sense 
 that the message was from on high ; and that, if I 
 am faithful, the labour will be blest, and the faithful- 
 ness accepted. 
 
 22. At the interment of my dear sister Eobson, 
 Eachel Priestman was acceptably engaged in vocal 
 labour. The subject which dwelt on my mind was, 
 death is a service which we all owe, and my spirit also 
 found relief in supplication. About thirty-four rela- 
 tions afterwards assembled at my brother Eobson' s, 
 and had a sweet religious opportunity together. 
 
 Kendal, 26, 3 mo. 1850. 
 
 My dear sister K. B. — During my journey here, 
 my mind was much occupied with thoughts retrospec- 
 tive and prospective ; I was thankful that I had no feel- 
 ing of condemnation as to the time that we have spent 
 together, and comforted in the belief that we were per- 
 mitted to experience a little harmonious exercise for 
 the spreading of the truth. My thoughts, as to the 
 future, were of a solemn, but not depressing character. 
 As the eldest of the present generation of the family, 
 I see that my abode here cannot be long ; I also feel 
 deeply for my brother Mounsey, whose condition seems 
 to place him almost on a par with me, as to the 
 proximity of eternity. I am at I. and A. Braithwaite's; 
 no friends can be kinder. Thy affectionate Brother. 
 
 Bristol, 22, 4 mo. 1850. 
 My dear Sister, — I have obtained leave, from our 
 monthly meeting, to hold some meetings in towns and 
 villages bordering on Salisbury Plain. It may interest 
 
172 MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 thee to know that the sweet and touching opportunity 
 in which dear Margaret Eichardson expressed some 
 encouragement to me, regarding such an engagement, 
 was truly helpful to me, under some unusually de- 
 pressing views of my unfitness for the work, and of 
 the responsibility of it. Lucy Naish has rather im- 
 proved, and the family has now settled at Bath. 
 
 Thy affectionate Brother." 
 
CHAPTEE XL 
 
 1850, 1851. 
 
 HOLDS PUBLIC MEETINGS OX AND NEAR SALISBURY PLAIN — 
 VISITS WESTMORELAND, ETC., BY APPOINTMENT OF THE YEARLY 
 MEETING. 
 
 Duels' g- this engagement, in which he was accom- 
 panied, and materially assisted, by Bobert Charlton 
 and James Cadbury, he writes to his wife : — 
 
 " Devizes, 6 mo. 8. We have held one meeting, I hope 
 satisfactorily, in a field not far from our burying-ground ; 
 and are going to Potterne, to prepare for to-morrow. 
 
 6 mo. 14. "We had an unusually precious meeting 
 at Urchfont ; and, last night, we had one which was 
 attended by about eight hundred, in a beautiful 
 meadow, with a pond like a lake. The hills were 
 well wooded, and the departure of the people, with 
 their forms reflected on the water, was truly pic- 
 turesque. I believe it had been a good time, but I 
 was less sensibly borne up, in the cause of the service, 
 than on the previous evening. It would be pleasant, 
 if it were right, that some one who felt engaged in 
 mind to share in the work, were occasionally to join 
 us. I hope to receive a better account of Richard 
 Kidd. I suppose he cannot take a turn in this beau- 
 tiful country, and exquisitely clear air. James Hib- 
 bard has been most kind and efficient in his help. 
 
 16, Pewsey. First-day. "We have held two meetings 
 in this pretty little country town. It has been a day 
 
174 MEMOIR OP SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 of much conflict of spirit, from an apprehension that 
 less of Divine favour may have attended us than 
 would fully justify the belief that our proceedings are 
 under the direction of the Holy Spirit ; and yet I can 
 look to no peace in discontinuing the engagement; 
 besides, we must, in honesty, confess that a degree of 
 that help which comes from above has been vouchsafed, 
 and that delightful indications of this have at times 
 appeared : not the least is the sweet solemnity which 
 is generally felt after I have resumed my seat. To-day 
 I have had to labour without the full relief which I 
 could desire; yet I am peaceful. A concourse of 
 about fifteen hundred made it difficult to be heard. 
 A great deal of work devolves on my companions, and 
 their temporary helpers. 
 
 17. Thy account of dear Caroline is what I antici- 
 pated ; it is perhaps well that Thomas does not seem 
 much discouraged. 
 
 6 mo. 19. I should not like anything to be done 
 out of its right time and place, but may say that John 
 and Anne IV s company would be very pleasant on 
 first-day, when I believe we must have two meetings 
 at Enford. We are all in good health, and hoping 
 that we are in the way of our duty. 
 
 25, Amesbury. "We arrived here comfortably, after 
 a relieving meeting at Durrington, in which our dear 
 Thomas was very acceptably engaged in supplication. 
 It is a great satisfaction and support to have S. H. 
 Lury with us ; we were very glad to welcome him and 
 Thomas. Our first-day at Enford was a laborious 
 one ; the meetings were times of great exercise, and 
 
MEMOIR Or SAMUEL CAPPER. 175 
 
 the small public house, where we stayed, was a sadly 
 ill-regulated, drinking place. James Hibbard and 
 Thomas had to rise, at midnight, to quell a fight, and 
 we had much trouble afterwards. In looking forward 
 to the meetings, I often fear lest I should not keep 
 close enough to my Guide. However, I hope to be 
 helped through this serious engagement. 
 
 27, Shrewton. This is a particularly nice village, 
 with a superior population. 
 
 7 mo. 1, Heytesbury. I am willing to satisfy thee, 
 as much as I well can, by writing, but it is not easy 
 to detail the employments, etc., which daily occur. 
 We came here, on seventh-day, after the meeting at 
 Chitterne, which afforded me peculiar relief. The 
 company, of about four hundred, seemed like ground 
 prepared for rain. Many who are looked upon as 
 leaders of the people were present. S. H. Lury and 
 Henry Fowler gave notice in the hamlets round this 
 place, while Thomas Short and I superintended the 
 pitching of the tent, and gave notice in the town. I 
 begin now to see a time of release ; but why should 
 we desire to be laid aside ! "We ought rather to be in 
 that state in which we desire nothing but the accom- 
 plishment of the Divine will. I think I shall try to 
 see Cos. ¥m. Gundry, if I can. We know not what 
 may happen either to him or to me, therefore I wish 
 not to miss the opportunity. All the staff are well. 
 
 7 mo. 2. If thou art at the monthly meeting at 
 Bath, I think thou mightst come to Calne, and I 
 could drive thee home. Yesterday we had a precious 
 meeting at Codford. 
 
176 MEMOIR OE SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 4. I only expect to hold four or five more meetings. 
 
 7 mo. 6, Warminster. "We had a nice meeting at 
 Bratten last night, and are preparing for two here 
 to-morrow. I shall probably come to Calne on fourth- 
 day, and shall hope to see thee there. 
 
 Thy affectionate husband, S. C." 
 
 He returned home on the 10th. 
 
 "Bristol, 18, 7 mo. 1850. 
 
 My dear brother Thomas Moufsey, — I have felt 
 almost reproached for not immediately acknowledging 
 the kindness of thy writing thyself to me, but two cir- 
 cumstances have prevented it: one is that, although I am 
 very much relieved from the care of business, yet, after 
 five weeks' absence, I found several things requiring my 
 attention ; and the other that, however unwilling I may 
 be to allow it, I am much less capable of exertion than I 
 was. I am thankful that, with a full sense of my unpro- 
 fitableness, I have also a sense that the endeavour to 
 fulfil my duty is attended with peace. Thomas was at 
 Bath yesterday, and thought that the invalids there were 
 sensible of the great uncertainty of their condition. 
 When I was with them, they were cheerful. All are 
 much to be felt for, and the parents not the least so. 
 Eachel Priestman has had two satisfactory public 
 meetings ; she appears to have a very acceptable gift 
 for such engagements. I sympathize as much with 
 thee, my dear brother, in thy sufferings and watchings 
 during thy restless nights, as one who has hardly any 
 experience of such feelings can do ; and heartily join 
 thee in desiring that thou mayst be blest with patience, 
 and a continued and continual sense of c the dispensa- 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 177 
 
 tion being one of infinite mercy.' "With dear love to 
 my brother Eobson and his family, etc., 
 
 Tour affectionate brother, S. C." 
 
 DIARY, etc. 
 
 "1850, 8 mo. 4, "Weston-super-Mare. First-day. An 
 extraordinary meeting. 
 
 9. The highest tide which I ever saw in Weston ; 
 the spray covered the road, and the turbulence of the 
 water was wonderful. 
 
 Bristol, 22, 8 mo. 1850. 
 
 My dear Sister, — We hear that Lucy Naish is 
 much as she was — rather on the decline ; William not 
 apparently worse : both evince some preparation for 
 the change; Lucy more particularly. We are im- 
 proved by our residence at Weston ; but the certain 
 inroads of age are evident. I feel them much more 
 than ever. Thomas has removed to a house on the 
 edge of Durdham Down, which we hope will be bene- 
 ficial to Caroline, but I cannot look to her ultimate 
 recovery. Dear M. Mounsey sent me an affecting 
 account of her husband ; but, in the great point, all is 
 well, I believe. I should like to hear when you have 
 accounts from E. P. GTumey, as I feel much interested 
 about her. Thy affectionate Brother. 
 
 Bristol, 29, 8 mo. 1850. 
 
 My dear sister M. Mounsey, — Thy letter was 
 highly appreciated, as a mark of thy sisterly kindness ; 
 that, amid the circumstances which now attend thee, 
 thou hadst devoted so much time and attention to me. 
 We understand that our dear brother is now deprived 
 
 N 
 
178 HEM0IB OF SAMUEL CAPPEE. 
 
 of the power of walking, and we feel every symptom 
 of increased infirmity, as it gains upon him, but are 
 comforted with the belief that his spirit is ripening 
 for those regions where unalloyed joy is to be his 
 portion. Give him the assurance of our sympathy 
 and love, in the warmth of which we often desire for 
 him Divine consolation and support. Our own health 
 is pretty good, but, as I have nearly reached the age 
 at which our honoured father died, I feel as if I had 
 attained to the termination of the lease of my life ; be- 
 sides which, though not much inconvenienced at present, 
 I have some indications of the failure of the intricate 
 machine. I was much gratified by thy account of our 
 dear friend Margaret Eichardson ; it is very sweet and 
 encouraging. Thy affectionate brother, S. C." 
 
 Samuel Capper left home, in a few weeks from this 
 time, in order to unite with the other members of the 
 yearly meeting's committee in visiting Friends in 
 Westmoreland, etc. He writes to his wife : — 
 
 "Kendal, 25, 9 mo. 1850. 
 
 My dear Elizabeth,— I arrived yesterday, and was 
 most kindly received by Isaac and A. Braithwaite. I 
 go forward to Bainbridge. 
 
 28. I met Josiah Eorster and "Wilson Crewdson in 
 the train, and we went together to Eichmond monthly 
 meeting, which I believe was privileged with the 
 canopy of Divine love, and somewhat of the heart- 
 tendering influence of the grace of Grod. We have 
 returned here ; I have been poorly, but could not be 
 better attended. 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 179 
 
 10 mo. 1. At Colthouse meeting, which we may 
 thankfully acknowledge was a favoured time. The 
 ride on the edge of the lake was fine. 
 
 3, Kendal. We came here after the monthly meet- 
 ing at Penrith, which was, I think, as watering a 
 season as any that we have had ; there was liberty in 
 preaching the unsearchable riches of Christ. John 
 and Elizabeth Header were at the quarterly meeting 
 to-day, when the counsel of Divine wisdom flowed 
 refreshingly, I think, to various states. The parting 
 meeting, in the evening, was especially favoured. 
 Our dear friend, J. Header, was much baptized into 
 the condition of those present. 
 
 4. Spent great part of the day in cheerful, and I 
 hope often profitable conversation, especially with 
 J. and E. Header. 
 
 6, Carlisle. At meeting here and at Hoorhouse. I 
 believe I am in my right place, which is a comfort ; 
 more I cannot expect. 
 
 7. We are now at Aldstone, where we have held 
 our meeting in C. Little's parlour; it was a precious 
 time. We are most kindly entertained by C. L., his 
 mother, and young son. The evening has been very 
 boisterous, and the road is much exposed; thou 
 needst not, however, feel uneasy about me, for I am 
 especially cared for, as the elder friend of the com- 
 pany, and am not allowed to walk up the hills ; which 
 indeed I cannot do without making them uneasy, by 
 the difficulty which I have in recovering my breath. 
 In the meetings, the goodness of our heavenly Father 
 has been sweetly felt. As to myself, although sensible 
 
180 MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 of far less fruitfulness than ought to be my experience, 
 yet I trust that the little services in which I am 
 engaged are accepted as proofs of my desire to be 
 found faithful. Our engagements are very close, and 
 allow but little time for writing, as thou mayst 
 imagine ; for travelling thirty miles a day, in this 
 mountainous country, and attending two meetings, 
 besides the desirable intercourse with the Friends, is 
 busy work. I believe I must conclude, for the pre- 
 sent, as we are to be off early in the morning for 
 Cornwood, that interesting place, the birthplace of so 
 many "Wighams ! 
 
 8. Cornwood. We were very kindly received, and 
 attended the preparative meeting, where we had again 
 to commemorate the goodness of the Lord, for He 
 was pleased to break bread among us ; and we now 
 feel peaceful at the close of the day. 
 
 9. Another day of favour. Came to Scotby. 
 
 10. At the preparative meeting of Solport and 
 Kirklington, held at Thornyland, where there is a 
 most extensive view of the country, the mountains of 
 Scotland and Frith of Solway. A day of Divine con- 
 descension, among valuable friends. 
 
 10 mo. 11, Carlistle monthly meeting. A trying 
 day, but not without much to sustain under it. 
 
 12. Came to Wigton, and went to the school. 
 Things seem in good order. It is a capital situation, 
 and excellent building. 
 
 13, First-day. In the morning meeting at Wigton, 
 I was brought into feeling with some who had passed 
 through disappointment, perplexity, etc., and we had 
 
MEMOIB OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 181 
 
 a sweet, and I trust comforting time together. I 
 almost concluded that the previous conflicts through 
 which I have been passing were partly, if* not chiefly, 
 intended to prepare me for a more full sense of the 
 trials of these dear friends. In the afternoon, I 
 believe that access was granted, in fervent prayer, to 
 the Fountain of all true consolation. I was at the 
 Scripture reading at the school. 
 
 15, Allonby. We left "Wigton peacefully yesterday, 
 and came to Bolton, where we had a peculiarly favoured 
 meeting. In the evening, we had a truly baptizing 
 time at Beckfoot, and then came on to this sea-bathing 
 village. James Backhouse, who is with us, has had a 
 letter, by which we find that my brother Mounsey 
 has been exceedingly ill, but has revived. I should 
 hope, if I can contrive it, that I may see him once 
 more ; though I could not think it right to leave this 
 work until accomplished, unless absolutely required 
 so to do, as I feel an increasing assurance that we are 
 owned in it by the Head of the church. 
 
 After meeting, came on to Maryport. It has been 
 a low day with me, but not without a belief that we 
 are in our right places. 
 
 18, Broughton, half-past six o'clock, a. m. Yester- 
 day we came to this sweet village, where we met a 
 small company, and again experienced that the spring 
 of living water is sometimes opened to those who are 
 unworthy. I lodge at Mary Sutton's, who is ex- 
 ceedingly kind; the house is in a fine situation. We 
 are in sight of the church at Brigham, where George 
 Pox convinced many hundreds in one day. I wish it 
 
182 MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 were right that such things should take place now. 
 The meeting at Pardshaw was a deeply interesting 
 and soul-stirring time. A very agreeable company of 
 Friends meet, in a capital house, very near the famous 
 Crag, from which Gr. Fox preached to such numbers. 
 It is a very abrupt front of a rock, which presents a 
 row of terraces. In the midst of one of the upper- 
 most, are two points of rock, about three feet high, 
 which, standing in an angular form, make a natural 
 pulpit, called, since GL IVs days, 'The Preacher's 
 Clint. 5 The most remarkable fact is, that words, 
 spoken from this pulpit in the usual tone, can be very 
 distinctly heard over a large area, which is below this 
 stone gallery and pulpit, and is capable of containing 
 20,000 persons. The country is passing beautiful; 
 the scenery in lake and mountain is sublime. One 
 can scarcely describe the feelings which are awakened 
 by being at these localities, where such extraordinary 
 convincements took place in early days, and where 
 almost every house was the residence of a Friend, and 
 many of them very eminent; as John Banks, John 
 Burnyeat, etc. 
 
 10 mo. 19. A day of unusual peacefulness. At 
 Grreysouthen preparative meeting, ability was felt to 
 entreat some to yield to the purifying operation of 
 Divine love on their souls. 
 
 20, First-day. "Whitehaven. Yesterday I had a 
 delightful account of dear T. Mounsey, who I hope 
 will yet survive so that I may see him. This has been 
 a favoured day, both in and out of meetings. 
 
 10 mo. 21. Went, with Gr. Peile, wife, and daughter, 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 183 
 
 to Pardshaw monthly meeting, when we had again 
 reason to believe that the care of the Good Shepherd 
 was extended, to help the sincere-hearted. 
 
 22. Cockermouth. I came here with Mary Xicholson, 
 and the quarterly meeting has, I think, been a crown- 
 ing opportunity, in which Friends appeared much to 
 rejoice. It seems an appropriate close to our visit. 
 I believe the day was one of salutary encouragement 
 to some, and of counsel to others ; and that the right 
 exercise of the discipline, and care of the church over 
 its members, were promoted. 
 
 23. Arrived at Hendon Hill, where I found my 
 dear sisters Backhouse and Harris, which is very 
 pleasant. Our beloved brother Mounsey is greatly 
 altered, in appearance, and is doubtless near entering 
 his eternal rest. He appears to be calmly, if not joy- 
 fully, awaiting his summons. His company is most 
 delightful ; I hardly seem worthy to have the advantage 
 of it. 
 
 24. I have twice had the pleasure of being with 
 him, which is most refreshing. He is very cheerful, 
 and quite disposed to speak of the mercy and goodness 
 of his Redeemer, and of his prospects of felicity. All 
 his family are about him, and they wait on him most 
 kindly and carefully. Affectionately thine, S. C." 
 
 DIARY. 
 
 " 1850, 10 mo. 25, Sunderland. A day of great 
 comfort, in the company of dear T. Mounsey, who 
 looks forward to our meeting and recognition in a 
 future state." 
 
184 MEMOIR Or SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 S. Capper returned home the next day. The fol- 
 lowing letter, addressed by S. C. to a friend whom he 
 loved and valued, will show his faithfulness and his 
 sympathy, etc. 
 
 "Bristol, 5, 12 mo. 1850. 
 
 My vert dear Friend, — In the love and freedom 
 which our acquaintance warrants, I must with bro- 
 therly affection acknowledge that I thought thy com- 
 munication in meeting yesterday was not attended 
 with that which is sometimes expressed by the word 
 baptizing ; and I hope, my beloved friend, that, after 
 so many instances as we have known of similarity of 
 exercise, thou mayst be disposed to give thy serious 
 consideration to my remarks. I think I know some- 
 thing of the snares which are laid for those who 
 occasionally have tokens granted them of Divine con- 
 descension ; how subtlely the enemy operates on a 
 desire to be found faithful, so as to induce a want of 
 watchfulness against disclosing the exercises of the 
 mind, without the clear pointing of duty so to do. 
 How naturally averse are we to the process of waiting 
 and of proving the fleece ! and yet I have sometimes 
 found that, after much exercise, the injunction has 
 been, Seal the vision, and speak it not. I trust that 
 thou wilt be disposed to consider this free communi- 
 cation of my thoughts as the result of the true friend- 
 ship which I feel for thee ; quickened by an ardent 
 desire that thy spiritual growth may not be impeded, 
 nor thy usefulness marred. I believe that thou 
 occupiest an important post in the place where thy 
 lot has fallen, and my prayer for thee is that thou 
 
MEMOIR OP SAMUEL CAPPER. 185 
 
 mayst steadily pursue thy course, in retiredness of 
 mind, and be a blessing to those around thee ; that, 
 through watchfulness, thou mayst not only escape the 
 fiery darts, but the subtle machinations of the enemy, 
 and close a life of trial in that peace which passeth 
 the understanding of unregenerate man. 
 
 Thy truly attached friend, S. C." 
 
 DIARY. 
 
 " 1850. 12 mo. 9. Keceived an account of my dear 
 brother Mounsey's peaceful departure from this state 
 of being. 
 
 1851, 1 mo. 1. Lucy JNaish died. 
 
 2 mo. 1. Visited Caroline [his son Thomas's wife] ; 
 she is very unwell. 
 
 2. The forty-eighth anniversary of our wedding- 
 day." 
 
 TO RACHEL FOWLER. 
 
 " Melksham, 27, 1 mo. 1851. 
 
 My dear Eriend, — I think thou wilt excuse the 
 intrusion upon thee of some thoughts of an old man, 
 which will be tinctured with a colouring, produced by 
 age and a sensible proximity to eternity, and which 
 may probably appear more suited to himself than to 
 any one else. Time does not allow of my seeing thee 
 again, but I do not like to omit a more full expression 
 of my love and affectionate regard. I felt a wish that, 
 under all circumstances of chastening, all conditions of 
 weakness, our minds may be favoured to gather all 
 the blessing thus purposed to be bestowed upon us. 
 Mercy is one of the attributes (I was almost inclined 
 
186 MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 to write, is the attribute) of our gracious God, and I 
 am persuaded that an abiding sense of love and mercy 
 attends thee. Desiring for thee the fulness of the 
 blessing of the gospel of Christ, I remain, thy affec- 
 tionate friend, Samuel Capper." 
 
 S. Capper left home in the Spring, in order to visit, 
 as a member of the yearly meeting's committee, the 
 meetings in Durham. 
 
 EXTRACTS FROM HIS DIARY, etc. 
 
 " 1851. 3 mo. 20. Set off for Birmingham. 
 
 21. Came to Manchester. Had an interesting inter- 
 view with a priest of the Roman Church. 
 
 22. Came on to Darlington. 
 
 27. The quarterly meeting at Carlisle was remarkably 
 favoured. 
 
 28. Barnard Dickenson, Josiah Forster, ¥m. Miller, 
 and I came to Shotley Bridge, to meeting. Both 
 in the meeting and afterwards, we were favoured with 
 that influence which is not of man, nor can it be 
 commanded by man." 
 
 TO HIS YOUNGEST SON. 
 
 "Hendon Sill, 29, 3 mo. 1851. 
 My dear Thomas, — It may be interesting to thee 
 and Caroline to know that hitherto we have gone on, 
 from day to day, without reason to doubt that some 
 living sense of Divine favour (and we hope some evidence 
 of blessing) attends the daily exercises which are our 
 lot. A considerable portion of the service, in meetings 
 for worship, has fallen to my share. I often think of 
 
MEMOIE OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 187 
 
 you, so differently circumstanced, and yet, we may be 
 permitted to hope, both in our right allotments. I 
 frequently desire for you such a sense of the Divine 
 arm being underneath, and so much of the love of 
 God in your hearts, as may cause all the dispensations 
 of his wisdom to be accepted by you as tokens of his 
 love. My dear love to you both. 
 
 Thy affectionate father, S. C. 
 
 3 mo. 30. John Mounsey accompanied me to New- 
 castle ; at meeting, I think the conditions of some 
 were visited, and things I hope were left well. At the 
 meeting at Shields, Divine mercy was again present, 
 to do us good. I lodged at Jos. Procter's, whose 
 eldest son is very ill. 
 
 31. Had a religious opportunity with this interesting 
 family. Came to Sunderland. Returned home 12th 
 of 4th month. 
 
 4 mo. 27. Vm. Gundry, of Calne, died, aged seventy- 
 four : a great loss to the population of his native town, 
 and to civil and religious society at large. 
 
 5 mo. 16. Obtained a minute for visiting Beds. 
 and Herts, [in company with his sister K. Backhouse]. 
 Came to comfortable lodgings in London. 
 
 20. At the yearly meeting of ministers and elders, a 
 highly interesting report was read of the visit of John 
 and Martha Yeardly to Bohemia, Prussia, etc. 
 
 6 mo. 2. The yearly meeting's committee met ; I 
 was put down for Scotland, and parts of Yorkshire. I 
 thought much of London, which is to be visited in the 
 winter. 
 
188 MEMOIR OP SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 London, 2, 6 mo. 1851. 
 
 My dear Elizabeth, — I am anxious to hear of 
 you ; I hope Caroline will not inconvenience herself to 
 write to me, as I think we may soon meet again. I 
 spent yesterday quietly at Tottenham, and it was an 
 agreeable day. I went to see Susanna Bigg, who was 
 very comfortable and cheerful, and seemed only waiting 
 for her summons. My health has considerably improved. 
 
 6 mo. 5, Leighton Buzzard. I have been but little 
 inconvenienced, since I left London, with my breathing. 
 On third-day, my sister and I were at meeting at 
 Hemel Hempstead, where we were hospitably enter- 
 tained by S. Eosling and his wife, who live in a fine old 
 mansion, surrounded by beautiful grounds. We called 
 on nearly all the Friends, aud I think were enabled, 
 in some degree, to enter into their states. S. Eosling 
 drove us to Berkhampstead, to the house of a particu- 
 larly retired quiet friend, Thomas Squire, a minister. 
 We came last evening to this place, and are most 
 kindly entertained at J. D. Bassett's. Our visit at 
 Berkhampstead leaves a hope that we were rightly there. 
 
 7, Hitchin. We were at meeting at Leighton 
 Buzzard, Ampthill, and Luton : the last I look back 
 upon with gratitude. Here, on first-day, we had 
 meetings of deep, spiritual travail. Our valued friend, 
 Ann Lucas, attended once, after having been confined 
 about five months. "We dined with Samuel and Phebe 
 Allen, both about eighty years old. I stay at John 
 "Whiting's, who, with his three sons and niece, are a 
 valuable family. John himself seems to be one of the 
 pillars of the meeting. 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPEK. 189 
 
 6 mo. 11, Amwell : the far-famed dwelling of the 
 poet, John Scott ; now the residence of his daughter, 
 Maria Hooper. On second-day we were at Baldock. 
 Our old friend John Whiting accompanied us there, 
 and came here with us ; and we much enjoyed his 
 company. After meeting and dinner he returned 
 home. At both these small meetings, a renewal of 
 the refreshing influence of Divine love was vouchsafed. 
 The once beautiful and tasteful garden of J. Scott has 
 become a dense wood ; still, however, it is delightful. 
 The grotto is an extraordinary specimen of art and in- 
 dustry ; but it suggests the consideration whether the 
 object was one of sufficient importance for the expendi- 
 ture of so much time and power of mind. I have been 
 quite nicely in health. Thine affectionately, S. C. 
 
 6 mo. 12. Came to Hoddesdon ; dined at John 
 "Warner's. William Ellis, the missionary, called on 
 me there, and was very interesting. 
 
 14. Came home. 
 
 19. Spent several hours at dear Thomas's ; his wife 
 very ill. 
 
 20. At meeting, Thomas spoke respecting the use- 
 fulness of those who feel themselves as the inferior 
 members of the body. 
 
 29. Went to see dear Caroline ; she is very ill, but 
 seems quite desirous that I should go into Scotland, 
 etc. Her state is truly one of preparedness of spirit ; 
 very sweet and resigned, and so mature that I could 
 not but rejoice, though sympathizing with her bodily 
 suffering, etc." 
 
190 MEMOIR OE SAMUEL CAPPEE. 
 
 He left home the next day, and thus writes to his 
 
 wife : — 
 
 " Manchester, 31, 7 mo. 1851. 
 
 My dear Elizabeth, — I was rather tired with my 
 journey, but feel quite recovered to-day. I dined, etc., 
 at "Wilson Crewdson's. Margaret informed me of the 
 safe return of our friend B. Seebohm from America. 
 
 8 mo. 2, Kendal. I feel as well as when I left 
 home, but I cannot be otherwise than very solemnly 
 sensible of our state, as a family; and shall depend 
 on frequent letters. Thine, S. C. 
 
 Brigflats, 3, 8 mo. 1851, 6 o'clock a.m. 
 
 Mt dear Thomas and Caroline, — I do not know 
 that my writing to you will be any particular gratifica- 
 tion, especially to dear Caroline ; but, if she can with- 
 out fatigue bear this, it will answer my desire in thus 
 early sending you a few lines. Yesterday, W. Crewd- 
 son, I. Hadwen, and I went to Sedberg, among beau- 
 tiful mountain scenery. We walked about a mile and 
 a half, to an isolated farm-house, and called on a Friend 
 and his sisters ; an agreeable and I hope profitable in- 
 terview. We then returned to Sedberg, and Josiah 
 Porster arrived. After dining, we made many calls, 
 and walked to this farm-house, occupied by William 
 Handby and family. All our calls resulted in family- 
 visits, and we may thankfully acknowledge that much 
 of the enlivening influence of Divine love and power 
 was present with us. As I am but a poor walker, I 
 am accommodated here, and the other Friends went 
 back to Sedberg. I hope that I shall soon hear of or 
 from you. With dear love to all, I am yours, S. Capper. 
 
MEMOIR OP SAMUEL CAPPER. 191 
 
 Eawes, 5, 8 mo. 1851. 
 
 My dear Elizabeth, — "We had a fine ride here, of 
 about ten miles, up Dent Dale ; mountains on both 
 sides, and mountain streams near us, rushing over 
 their rocky beds. We had a heart- searching time at 
 meeting, and afterwards paid a visit to a family, mostly 
 grown up. The six children at home are all weak in 
 their intellects. It was a melancholy sight, We 
 made calls on all the families of Friends who live near 
 the meeting-house at Leyeat ; and, in them all, were 
 favoured with such a sense of Divine condescension 
 and softening love as was cause of reverent thankful- 
 ness. It is a mercy that a deep and abiding con- 
 sciousness of the Lord's unmerited goodness is the 
 clothing of my spirit. This day is wet, and my breath- 
 ing difficult. Yesterday, leaving the carriage in the 
 road, we crossed one hundred acres of peat bog and 
 water, stone walls and streams, to call on a Friend 
 who, with her son and daughter, live in this nearly 
 inaccessible place. John Middlebrook's fine old horse 
 carried me steadily and courageously over the rocky 
 streams and stone walls, and through the peat bogs. 
 "We reached this pretty little town about four o'clock. 
 Afterwards we set out to visit an aged Friend. I was 
 accommodated with a gig ; the horse was a young one, 
 unaccustomed to draw, and, in going up a hill, Jos. 
 Baines leading him, he suddenly ran back. I got out 
 and endeavoured to assist Joseph in persuading the 
 fine, well-bred animal to go against the collar, in which 
 we succeeded ; but the affair distressed my breathing 
 
192 MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 considerably for the rest of the evening. A night's 
 rest has, however, quite relieved me. 
 
 8 mo. 7, Sedberg. I am sorry to miss the visit of 
 Thomas Evans and wife, as they are interesting, valu- 
 able characters. Our engagements have been nume- 
 rous, and have closely interested our feelings. At 
 Carperby, the schoolmaster from Eeeth met us ; having 
 walked nine miles for the purpose. 
 
 Thine affectionately, S. C. 
 
 Sedberg, 7, 8 mo. 1851. 
 
 My dear Thomas, — As I give particulars to thy 
 mother, I will confine myself to a few observations 
 which may be as intelligible to thee and dear Caroline 
 as to most. Yesterday we paid five visits, besides 
 attending meeting at Bainbridge. It is wearing to 
 have to feel individually with the states of those with 
 whom we are thus brought into contact ; but we cannot 
 be too thankful for the belief that we are here by a 
 better than human appointment ; although the appoint- 
 ment of the church is, perhaps, as solemn a human 
 charge as we could receive. Many of those whom we 
 visit are far advanced in years, and not a few are out 
 of health, or disabled in body. The few younger 
 persons are situated in very secluded places, and have 
 little opportunity for intercourse of a kind favourable 
 to their spiritual growth. This description may lead 
 you to suppose the arousing, yet often tender nature 
 of the communications which are given in commission 
 to us. The kindness that we meet with could scarcely 
 be described in exaggerated terms, and I believe that 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPEB. 193 
 
 true thankfulness is awakened in many minds. I 
 move along in a peaceful confidence that I did right 
 in coming ; and we go on agreeably together. My 
 dear love to Caroline, etc. I am glad that I am much 
 in your thoughts. Your affectionate father, S. C. 
 
 Kendal, 8 mo. 8. 
 
 My deae, Elizabeth, — Yesterday we went np a 
 mountain-side, to visit some thriving farmers, owning 
 many sheep and cows, etc. AVe had three religious 
 opportunities with these patriarchal people ; after- 
 wards called on a worthy shoemaker, etc., and con- 
 cluded with a solemn meeting at Brigflats. "We left 
 them in much love, and reached this place late in the 
 evening. I am glad to find that our dear Caroline 
 has revived, though aware that the improvement may 
 be of short duration. 
 
 8 mo. 11, Ulverstone. On seventh-day, we came about 
 sixteen miles to Height meeting, at a small hamlet, 
 high up the mountains ; the air extremely pure, and 
 the prospect extending about forty miles. After 
 being most kindly entertained at George Harrison's 
 at Longiands, we drove over the sands to this place. 
 
 Yesterday (first-day), we were at Swarthmore meet- 
 ings, which proved comfortable. They preserve care- 
 fully two very massive oak chairs, given by G-eorge 
 Fox, also the ebony posts of the bedstead which he 
 left, in order that travelling Friends might have one 
 to lie on. I saw a great Bible ; also his gift. It was 
 printed in 1541, and is in good condition. It was 
 formerly fastened, by a lock and strong chain, to the 
 
194 MEMOIR OP SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 gallery rail in the meeting-house. "We went to Swarth- 
 more Hall. I feel as well as usual, and hope that all 
 is comfortable at home with you ; I often earnestly de- 
 sire it. Before leaving our dear friend Hannah Goad's, 
 this morning, we saw the first monthly meeting book, 
 and the first women's preparative meeting book, com- 
 menced at Swarthmore. 
 
 8 mo. 12, Ambleside. We left Ulverstone early 
 yesterday, and drove by the side of Conistone Lake ; 
 there is a very beautiful prospect, but it was much 
 obscured by mist and rain. We made some calls, and 
 dined with some interesting Friends at High Wray ; 
 after which we came on here. To-day we have seen 
 the few Friends of Ambleside, and come to Kendal, 
 where we have paid some visits. 
 
 8 mo. 13. This being a day of rest, I spent it very 
 leisurely, making calls, etc. In order to satisfy our 
 friends, we concluded to take tea twice. I took leave 
 of my grandchildren and their aunts. I felt very poor, 
 but a sense of Divine protection and guidance accom- 
 panied this poverty. 
 
 14. "Was at meeting, and called on our friend Agnes 
 Hadwen, aged ninety-one, and her three daughters. 
 It was a very solemn, sweet, and affecting time. A. H. 
 expressed a desire that her dear love should be given 
 to thee, because she felt so much for thee, on account 
 of our frequent separation. 
 
 8 mo. 15, Penrith. W r e have come here by train, 
 and called on a Friend who has two nice children. It 
 is refreshing to meet with children, and to see a hope 
 of succession. 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPEB. 195 
 
 16, Hope Park, Edinburgh. After visiting Morland 
 and Terril, and having a fine view of Helvellyn, etc., 
 vre came here. Edward Pease and I are at our kind 
 friend William Miller's. 
 
 17, First-day. Both meetings were times of con- 
 descending goodness. The day so wet and dark that 
 I have little idea of this fine city. I have been pretty 
 well of late, by rigidly abstaining from tea and coffee, 
 and very much from fruit. I hope that dear Caroline 
 will be permitted to live till my return home. 
 
 18, "We breakfasted at John Wigharn's, and his 
 wife took us a drive, to see the castle, etc., and along 
 the Queen's Eoad, which winds round Salisbury Crag, 
 and commands an extensive view of the sea, and of 
 the far-famed Lothians, rich with harvest ; the best 
 land, farmed in the best manner; such a view as I 
 never before saw ! We are now at Glasgow. 
 
 Thine affectionately, S. C. 
 
 Glasgow, 19, 8 mo. 1851. 
 
 My deae Thomas axd Caeolixe, — Thomas's letter 
 is very acceptable. We continue to make agreeable 
 progress ; Friends are extremely kind, and most accom- 
 modating. We have attended the meeting of minis- 
 ters and elders here, and I felt much for them, in their 
 stript condition ; yet the word, which arose as I believe 
 for them, was close, though accompanied with hopeful 
 anticipation. 
 
 It is particularly gratifying to me to find that dear 
 Caroline has somewhat revived ; I hope that she retains 
 her strong confidence in the love and mercy that watch 
 over her. Your affectionate father, S. C. 
 
196 MEMOIR OE SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 8 mo. 20. 
 
 My dear Elizabeth, — After attending the two 
 months' meeting, we came to Perth. It is a good 
 town (of 20,000 inhabitants), of a very foreign appear- 
 ance. On the banks of the river Tay were many 
 women, washing clothes in it ; standing almost knee 
 deep in the water. Some had the linen in tubs, in 
 which they danced, and so cleansed it by treading it 
 with their feet. We sat with a small company of 
 tender-spirited persons, one of whom has recently 
 joined our Society. In travelling from Perth to 
 Aberdeen, we had a good view of TJry. I lodge at 
 L. A. Barclay's ; a beautiful situation, with an exten- 
 sive prospect, and I am very kindly entertained. 
 
 8 mo. 23, Aberdeen. AVe have attended the monthly 
 meeting at Kin muck, held in a very rural spot. To- 
 day has been the general meeting of ministers and 
 elders ; it was a time of deep travail of spirit, but I 
 think that light and love prevailed over many in- 
 firmities, and I hope the good cause was helped. 
 
 24, First-day. The morning meeting was an in- 
 structive one, in which I believe the rightly exercised 
 were encouraged. In the evening, we had the com- 
 pany of many of the town's-people. After a consider- 
 able time of silence, I had some liberty in preaching 
 to the assembly, and a season of solemn intercession. 
 Heavenly condescension was, I believe, experienced to 
 the comfort of many. 
 
 25. The business of the half-year's meeting was 
 agreeably conducted, and that for worship was a pro- 
 fitable one. After dinner, I went to look at the 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 197 
 
 market-place, and the Trongate prison, where Eobert 
 Barclay and Alexander Jaffray were confined. Three 
 dismal dungeons are all that remain, but they are very 
 perfect; the chains and locks, of wondrous size and 
 weight, are there, as in ancient days. We took tea 
 at Eliz. Grlenny's and Barbara Wigham's, who live 
 under the same roof; and closed the day with a very 
 sweet religious opportunity with these dear friends. 
 8 mo. 26. Came to Edinburgh. 
 
 28, Hendon Hill, Sunderland. Arrived here yester- 
 day, and in the evening made some calls with my dear 
 sister Mounsey, whom I am about to accompany in 
 her morning walk before breakfast. 
 
 Evening. I dined with my sister K. B. at Dar- 
 lington, and have since come on to Hull, to the house 
 of Esther Priestman. 
 
 29. Attended the monthly meeting. It was a day 
 in which we might commemorate the goodness of the 
 Lord. The aged Friends seem near to heaven, and 
 others useful and hopeful. 
 
 31, Eirst-day. Yesterday we were at North Cave. 
 This has been an exercising and favoured day, for 
 which I am thankful. 
 
 Affectionately thine, S. C." 
 
 Samuel Capper returned home about this time, in 
 order to attend the marriage of one of his sons, which 
 took place on the 9th of the 9th month. He was 
 consequently at home during the visit of the yearly 
 meeting's committee to Bristol, which was satisfac- 
 tory to him, as appears by the following extract : — 
 
19S MEMOIE OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 "Bristol, 2, 10 mo. 1851. 
 
 My dear Sister, — "We had a very acceptable 
 visit from the committee; I do believe that it was 
 blest to many. I had intended to devote more time 
 to Yorkshire, but found that I could not properly 
 return there. I was pleased to hear of dear Margaret 
 Kiehardson being again at meeting: how deeply in- 
 teresting it must have been to thee to be again there 
 with her !" 
 
CHAPTER XII. 
 
 1851, 1852. 
 
 DEATH OF HIS YOUNGEST SOX AND HIS WIFE — LAST LABOL'ES, 
 AND HIS OWN DEATH. 
 
 Samuel Capper's presence at home was particularly 
 valuable at this time, as his beloved daughter-in-law 
 was near her close. To have his company among 
 them was cheering and helpful to his family, and more 
 especially to his afflicted son Thomas. 
 
 DIARY, etc. 
 
 "1851, 11 mo. 4. Went to see Caroline, who is 
 evidently declining. 
 
 10. I received this morning the account of the 
 death of my dear nephew, "W. C. Naish. 
 
 Bristol, 13, 11 mo. 1851. 
 
 My dear Sister, — Our dear Caroline is now in 
 such a reduced state that she does not leave her bed. 
 I went to Bath, to see our dear brother and sister 
 Naish, after the rather sudden death of their son 
 "William. They have much to comfort them in his 
 end. It was only on the 7th that he wrote to me 
 a very delightful note ; and he expressed, within two 
 days of his decease, to a pious neighbour, that he felt 
 all light and joy about him. 
 
 Thy affectionate Brother. 
 
200 MEMOIR OE SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 1851, 11 mo. 14. Attended W. C. JNTaish's inter- 
 ment. 
 
 17. We went to see our dear Caroline. She seems 
 to be peacefully waiting her change. 
 
 19. I attended the interment of Ann Young, of 
 Taunton. It was painful to see so many descendants 
 of Friends in mourning apparel, and having adopted 
 different views. 
 
 22. My wife completed her seventieth year ; we can 
 hardly expect to spend another year together, but I 
 feel a cheering hope that, to me and to her, death, 
 whenever it may come, will prove 'janua vitad? 
 
 12 mo. 11. Dear Caroline departed this life. During 
 her last hour, she conversed sweetly with her husband, 
 and has left us nothing to desire but to follow her. 
 
 12. Wrote many letters, and spent most of the day 
 with our bereaved son, who is serene and resigned. 
 
 14, First-day. Many of Thomas's near relations 
 met quietly at his house. 
 
 19. The interment. 
 
 21, First-day. In the morning meeting Thomas 
 prayed. 
 
 28, First-day. In the evening meeting, he and I 
 both spoke. 
 
 30. I attended the quarterly meeting in London. 
 
 31. Went with several of our family, to the inter- 
 ment of our old nurse, Mary Harding, who died 
 peacefully and in good hope, aged eighty-five. 
 
 1852, 1 mo. 1. The yearly meeting's committee 
 sat twice. When it concluded, a hope sprang in my 
 mind that all had been conducted under a super- 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 201 
 
 intending power that promoted the best welfare of 
 the Society. 
 
 4th, First-day. Attended Tottenham meeting, and 
 spoke." 
 
 This was his last visit to Tottenham. On the 
 3rd his youngest sister, S. Harris, accompanied him 
 to make several calls ; and in every family he was 
 engaged in the ministry — a circumstance rather un- 
 usual for him. His sister was struck with his heavenly- 
 mind edness, and felt it a privilege to be with him, 
 little supposing that it would no more be her lot. He 
 returned home on the 5th. 
 
 DIARY, etc. 
 
 " 1852, 1 mo. 11, First-day. In the evening my son 
 Thomas supplicated. I think I should have done 
 better if I had spoken, but I was careful lest the 
 general topic which had presented itself to my mind 
 should dissipate the excellent preceding matter. 
 
 16. "Went to Gravazzi's lecture. 
 
 17. Finished reading Eichard Baxter's Life. 
 
 22. Young men's meeting at F. Fry's. 
 
 23. "Went to Bath, to attend a public meeting 
 appointed at the Assembly-rooms, by request of 
 P. Green : a comfortable time. 
 
 1852, 2 mo. 3. The monthly meeting granted me a 
 certificate to visit Yorkshire. 
 
 7. Travelled about 210 miles, to Hull, in thirteen 
 hours." 
 
 In part of this journey S. C. was accompanied by 
 one of his sisters, who met him at York, and had the 
 
202 MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 satisfaction of caring for him a little, which his un- 
 willingness to give trouble rendered desirable, in 
 order to induce him to accept the kind attentions of 
 his friends. The state of his breathing had become 
 such as made it unsuitable for him to walk, or to be 
 exposed to cold, etc. He wrote to his wife : — 
 
 " Mull, 8, 2 mo. 1852. 
 
 My dear Elizabeth, — I embrace a few minutes 
 before breakfast to inform thee that I am safely here, 
 with our very kind friends John and Mabel Hipsley, 
 and their son and daughter. The journey was fatiguing. 
 I am, however, well this morning, but feeling the 
 seriousness of the engagement. 
 
 Evening. This day (first-day) has been one r of 
 deep interest, which I hope may be permanently 
 profitable. 
 
 9. Leonard "West accompanied me to North Cave, 
 where we had a baptizing time. In the evening I 
 came to Scarborough. I am encouraged to hope 
 that I am in my right place, and am in good health. 
 
 2 mo. 10, Scarbro'. I have attended the monthly 
 meeting held here, and made some calls. 
 
 11, Malton. I attended Scarborough week-day 
 meeting, and then came to one here. All of them were, 
 I believe, truly favoured seasons, besides several with 
 Friends confined by illness. My friends are extremely 
 thoughtful about me ; as they see that I cannot bear 
 much exposure, they will not allow it. I have a fire 
 in my bedroom, for the nights are very cold. 
 
 Thy affectionate husband, S. C. 
 
MEMOIE OF SAMUEL CAPPEE. 203 
 
 York, 14, 2 mo. 1852. 
 Deae Thomas, — Thy mother gives me but a mid- 
 dling account of thy health, which I hear with concern. 
 I have felt much obliged by thy kind notes. I find, 
 on this visit, with what I believe to be an increase of 
 internal exercise, and perception of the condition of 
 others, an increased sense also of my own infirmities 
 of flesh and spirit ; and of the importance of time 
 being appropriated to the highest objects. 
 
 Thy affectionate father, S. C. 
 York, 14, 2 mo. 1852. 
 
 My deae Elizabeth, — I have an agreeable note 
 from Thomas, which does not touch upon his being out 
 of health. I hope thy apprehensions are more serious 
 than the occasion justifies ; but one thing we know, 
 that He who presides over these things will do right. 
 
 2 mo. 16. The meetings yesterday (first-day), and 
 a sitting in the evening at the boy's school, were all 
 favoured with a sense of the precious visitations of the 
 heavenly Father s love. My sister and I took tea with 
 Samuel Tuke. I hope that, in great simplicity, an 
 endeavour has been maintained closely to follow the 
 opening of life ; and a peaceful sense of poverty attends 
 my mind. "We have been to-day, with our kind 
 friend Caleb Fletcher as guide, and K. jNaish as 
 companion, to Thornton-in-the-Clay, and dined with 
 a cheerful aged friend, Ann Storey. I was much 
 surprised and pleased to meet Robert Sanders and 
 wife, who have lately come here, with their seven 
 children. In the meeting, I believe that visited minds 
 were baptized and refreshed. 
 
204 MEMOIR OE SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 17. We went to Cottingwith meeting, calling, by 
 the way, on Wm. and Alice Webster. This meeting 
 is something like a colony of Websters, with an old 
 soldier, James Wake, to head them. We lodged at 
 Selby, which is a colony of the descendants of our 
 late dear friend Jonathan Hutchinson, of Gridney. 
 
 18. My dear sister and I have returned to York, 
 after an interesting visit to these two small companies 
 of Friends, and we have since been refreshed by sitting 
 with the girls, etc., at the school in Castlegate. 
 
 I am greatly concerned to hear that Thomas is so 
 unwell, though perhaps it is what we might have 
 anticipated, after so much anxiety and watching. 
 
 19. After a religious opportunity in the family of 
 Sarah Backhouse, we came to the meeting at Thirsk, 
 where we called on the Friends in their families. We 
 are most kindly entertained by Esther Smith. On 
 the whole, it has been a laborious but favoured day. I 
 feel the increasing infirmities of age. 
 
 20. Came about 18 miles to Darley meeting, which 
 was an exercising time. Lodged at Spence Walker's. 
 
 21. This morning, accompanied by our kind host, 
 came to Addingham meeting. Here also we had a 
 truly exercising but relieving time. Joseph Smith 
 accompanied us to Eawden. The ride was extremely 
 beautiful. Affectionately thine, S. C. 
 
 Rawden, 21, 2 mo. 1852. 
 
 My pear sister Motosey, — I wish to thank thee 
 
 for thy kind note ; and scarcely need assure thee that 
 
 my sister's company is very pleasant, etc., during this 
 
 daily watching to know the will of the great Head of 
 
MEMOIR OP SAMUEL CAPPER. 205 
 
 the church, even in our little movements. I think we 
 ought to acknowledge that, far beyond our desert, and 
 at least far beyond my expectation, we have been 
 favoured with the evidence of Divine help and guidance ; 
 and we are enabled to believe that, if we are faithful, 
 put our trust in the Arm of everlasting strength, and 
 follow the teachings of the Holy Spirit, we shall be 
 upheld, and directed, to the end of this engagement. 
 I have poor accounts of my son Thomas, and it is 
 trying to me to be from home, under these circum- 
 stances. However, I must hope that the right way 
 will be made clear to me. Thou wouldst, I think, 
 smile at, though probably concur in, the remarks 
 which are made about my sister's motherly care of me ; 
 bat I really do feel very different, bodily, to any former 
 experience. This I expect, and I hope perceive, with a 
 humble trust, that I may be permitted to be of the 
 class * that endure unto the end.' S. C. 
 
 Rawden, 2 mo. 22. 
 
 My dear. Elizabeth, — I lodged at our dear friend 
 John Walker's, and had a precious time in his family 
 this morning. The meetings have been, I trust, times 
 of gracious visitation. We took tea at the school. 
 
 23. Joseph Hustler accompanied us to Keighley, 
 where we met about eighteen persons, but few of them 
 members of our Society ; it was a truly affecting time 
 of refreshment. Thence we went by rail to Skipton, 
 and attended the meeting, at which were many not 
 members, I believe seeking minds ; and I think that 
 our visit may not be without its service, as it respects 
 these interesting persons. I went about two miles 
 
206 MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 with Joseph Smith, to his farm called Close House. 
 He is a very interesting man, and extremely kind to 
 us. He brought us to-day to Grargraves, to visit two 
 brothers-in-law, who live together, and who lost their 
 wives in one day : they were buried last first-day. 
 After sympathizing with them, we came on to Airton, 
 the former residence of ¥m. and Alice Ellis ; a very 
 interesting spot, near a remarkable rock, called Malham 
 Cove. We sat with a few in the comfortable meeting- 
 house built by ¥m. Ellis, and came on to Settle. 
 
 24. To this place my mind has been particularly 
 attracted, and I feel an unusual interest in the few 
 Eriends now left here. In this monthly meeting we 
 have ventured to visit the families, which is a truly 
 solemn engagement. 
 
 25. I am much concerned about our son Thomas's 
 health, and think the aspect unfavourable ; indeed, 
 I always feared the consequence of his anxiety and 
 attention. But we could not have desired that he 
 should either feel or do less for his late affectionate 
 wife ; and now I am willing to believe that all things 
 will be ordered rightly and end well, if we are disposed 
 that the all-wise E/uler should govern in our hearts. 
 
 27. Went to ^Newton-in-Bolland ; a very mountainous 
 country. Here was once a large endowed school, now in 
 ruins. The late Dr. Hancock, and the present John 
 Bright, M. P., were scholars there." After mentioning 
 the visits to Bentham, Leeds, Bradford, and some other 
 places, he adds : " My sister and I feel much satisfied 
 with having been together, and hope that we shall 
 be favoured to complete the engagement peacefully. 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 207 
 
 3 mo. 5, Bradford. We have been to Lothersdale, and 
 attended Settle monthly meeting, held at Dale End, in 
 a meeting-house built by Joseph Smith, of London. 
 We visited fifteen families in this interesting locality ; 
 many of them descendants of the Friends who, in the 
 latter part of last century, endured a long imprisonment 
 in York Castle. We have proceeded as comfortably 
 as we could expect. There is not a little to suffer, 
 but the belief that we are filling up the day's work 
 sustains. Attended the monthly meeting, and came 
 to Huddersfield. 
 
 6. Remained a few hours in the very pleasant 
 company of our aged friend Thomas Eobson, his son 
 Isaac, and family. Here my sister left me, and 
 returned home, feeling excused from proceeding farther. 
 I went on to Halifax. Thine affectionately, S. C." 
 
 TO A. J. NAISH. 
 
 "Halifax, 6, 3 mo. 1852. 
 
 My dear Arthur, — Thou wilt, no doubt, have 
 heard of the serious illness of our dear Thomas, and 
 of his being at Torquay. I have concluded to return 
 home on the 8th, leaving about three weeks' work 
 undone ; intending, should my life be prolonged, at 
 some future time to finish." 
 
 TO HIS SOX AT TORQUAY. 
 
 "Bristol, 11, 3 mo. 1852. 
 
 My dear Thomas, — I. reached home on second- 
 day, having had a public meeting at Halifax. Although 
 we must be sensible of the state of things among us 
 being in many ways discouraging, yet I certainly 
 
208 MEMOIR OP SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 entertain a hope, not to call it belief, that a time of 
 revival, of a more spiritual understanding of gospel 
 truth, and consequently a wide spread of the simple 
 views of Friends, is not distant. I do not sympathize 
 with those who think that our Society is about to 
 disappear, but feel quite a contrary conviction. 
 
 Thy affectionate Father. " 
 
 Thomas having somewhat improved in health, his 
 father returned into Yorkshire, to complete his labours 
 there ; going first to attend the quarterly meeting 
 at Leeds. He writes to his wife from — 
 
 "Ackworth, 27, 3 mo. 1852, 
 My dear Elizabeth, — Thomas Harvey accom- 
 panied me to Pontefract yesterday, and this day I have 
 passed on the school premises. Thomas Pumphrey 
 seemed disposed to make me acquainted with all re- 
 lating to it. 
 
 28, First-day. At Wakefield in the morning, and 
 Ackworth in the afternoon. It is a beautiful sight, 
 when the children are in meeting. Took tea at the 
 Flounders' Institute. It is a fine establishment, and 
 I hope will be blest. Spent some time in the school- 
 rooms, and visited the beautiful cottage where J. and 
 M. Sewell live, w r ho are going to Eawden. Was at 
 the Scripture-reading at the school. 
 
 30, Redgrove, near Barnsley. Yesterday I came 
 to this meeting, which was a very interesting one. I 
 dined at Edward Bromley's ; and Wm. Taylor, who is, 
 I believe, a truly well-concerned man, dined with us. 
 I came to sleep at his house, where I now am. I am 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 209 
 
 going to Dewsbury, and know not a Friend there. 
 This is a lovely place ; W. T. and his sons are farmers 
 and manufacturers, and have all the comforts which 
 religious men can, or ought to, desire. 
 
 I have now been at meeting at Dewsbury. My mind 
 was remarkably led toward a desolate and mournful 
 state, and to point out the consolation to be derived 
 from the certainty that the Lord will bring about his 
 own purposes. I am kindly entertained at Hannah 
 Breary's ; a very agreeable friend, and I believe very 
 near the kingdom. With dear love to all, thine, S. C." 
 
 TO T. S. C. 
 
 " Brighoase, 1, 4 mo. 18-52, at the house 
 of my kind friend Robert Lindsay. 
 
 My dear Thomas, — I was much pleased to receive 
 thy letter ; it is cause of thankfulness that thou art 
 so far improved. I think that, with regard to the 
 exercise of a gift in the ministry, that which may be 
 quite right in one individual may not be so for an- 
 other ; and I do often feel, at home, that silence may 
 be the proper example which I have to set. One 
 thing is clear to me, that I have endeavoured to 
 follow the pointings of the Spirit in the matter, and 
 not to depend on my own apprehensions. 
 
 Thy affectionate father, S. C. 
 4 mo. 1. 
 
 Mi dear Elizabeth, — E. Lindsay accompanied 
 me to Huddersfield, where we were most kindly re- 
 ceived. We were at meeting, and I was comforted 
 by the assurance, from Thomas Robson, that he felt 
 unity with what I had to deliver. After dinner, came 
 
210 MEMOIE OF SAMUEL CAPPEK. 
 
 on to Wooldale, where we met about forty-five persons, 
 and it was a time of no small favour. The Friends 
 who have suffered so much at Holmfirth were there. 
 
 3. After being at Highflats, and lodging again at 
 W. Taylor's, he drove me to Newhill, the residence of 
 a family who live in a capital house, surrounded by 
 fine grounds, falling into decay. Thence I came to 
 Edward Smith's, near Sheffield ; a sweet locality. 
 
 4, First-day. Sat till near the conclusion of the 
 morning meeting, in silence. I then found it best to 
 make a few remarks on the nature of that instruction 
 which is promised, and often experienced, in spiritual 
 things, by those whose expectation is rightly directed. 
 I had also to intreat and exhort the youth to a faith- 
 ful reception of the manifestations of the Divine will 
 respecting them, and to unreserved obedience. In the 
 afternoon, I was engaged to point out the privilege of 
 having impressed on the mind a lively feeling of the 
 words, 'The Master is come, and calleth for thee;' 
 and I had to apply them to various conditions and 
 states. Paid a visit to an aged blind friend. 
 
 4 mo. 6, Exthorpe, near Doncaster, Samuel Eouth's. 
 Yesterday I was at Woodhouse; an interesting and 
 favoured meeting. I also visited four invalids. Edward 
 Hobson came with me to this comfortable abode, and 
 to-day S. Eouth has driven me eleven miles to Thorne, 
 and back. We sat with the little company there to 
 our satisfaction. I hope to be at home on sixth-day. 
 It is about eleven p.m., and I think I must conclude ; 
 including you all in my affectionate remembrance, 
 
 S. C." 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 211 
 
 DIARY, etc. 
 
 " 1852, 4 mo. 7. Was at Doncaster meeting. Dined 
 at Marr, at W. Dent's, and spent the afternoon very 
 agreeably. Saw much to interest me, in the way of 
 country business and information. 
 
 8. After attending Balby monthly meeting, came 
 to A. J. Naish's, Birmingham, where I met A. M. 
 Tracey, the interesting widow of Jonathan Tracey, a 
 lawyer, who sacrificed his life to protect and assist 
 fugitive slaves. 
 
 9. Found all at home as well as I expected, for 
 which I feel thankful. 
 
 Bristol, 12, 4 mo. 1852, 
 My dear sister K. B. — I have been much re- 
 freshed by the company of some valuable friends, and 
 do not feel as if I had omitted any required service ; 
 but I am more than ever sensible how full of imper- 
 fection all our best services are, and how much there 
 is which should cover us with confusion of face. 
 
 Thy affectionate Brother." 
 
 Thomas S. C. being advised to take a voyage, it was 
 concluded that he should sail for Philadelphia, which 
 he did early in the ensuing month. His father 
 accompanied him as far as Gloucester on his way to 
 Liverpool. 
 
 Xo sooner was this engrossing object of his affec- 
 tionate solicitude removed for a time from his view 
 than he again turned his attention to the poor and 
 destitute, believing it right to resume his tent-meet- 
 ings ; in which engagement it was a great comfort to 
 him to have the company of one of his daughters, who 
 
212 MEMOIR Or SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 united with him therein. But, although he was thus 
 engaged, he intensely felt the precarious state of his 
 son, to whom he clung with almost more than paternal 
 love. He was the youngest of his family, and had 
 been strengthened to come decidedly forward, and to 
 advocate the Lord's cause in public ; so that his father, 
 now on the brink of the grave, doubtless hoped that 
 this beloved one would, at a future day, be enabled to 
 labour in the harvest when he was removed from it ; 
 but the Lord's ways are not as our ways, and He saw 
 lit to disappoint these hopes. 
 
 S. C. TO A FRIEND IN IRELAND. 
 
 " Bristol, 15, 6 mo. 1852. 
 
 My dear Friend, — It was particularly acceptable 
 to me to be assured of the affectionate remembrance 
 of those to whom I hope I may say that I have been 
 united in the bonds of the gospel. I often visit you 
 in spirit, and enter into fellowship with thee in thy 
 lonely circumstances. Eut I feel a secret confidence 
 that thou art not left without a sense of the presence 
 of Him who is described by our blessed Lord as the 
 Comforter. I am aware that discouragements attend 
 us all, in this our earthly pilgrimage ; and having been 
 permitted to visit thee in thy own residence, I can the 
 more readily enter into the nature of thy trials, and 
 feel that thou hast abundant need of the wisdom 
 which is profitable to direct, and of the sustaining 
 power of Him who is love. Our dear son Thomas 
 has sailed for America, by the advice of his medical 
 attendants, as his health has been declining since his 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPEB. 213 
 
 wife's death, and they hope a voyage may be restora- 
 tive. We desire that it may please our heavenly 
 Father to grant that it should be so ; as his loss would 
 be a very severe trial to us. I feel particularly grate- 
 ful to thee for the circumstantial account which thou 
 
 wast so kind as to give me of dear 's close. As 
 
 I approach the same period, I feel it an encourage- 
 ment to consider how my friends have been supported, 
 and thus to gather hope as regards myself. It is a 
 precious thought that we know in whom we have 
 believed, and are able to hold fast our reliance on 
 Him, as able to keep that which we have committed 
 to Him. Thy affectionate friend, S. C." 
 
 We now approach the closing scenes of his labours, 
 which were indeed almost unremitting to the last. 
 He held many tent-meetings, at short distances from 
 his home, during the 6th and 7th months. 7 mo. 4th, 
 he remarks : — 
 
 " Frome. First-day morning, held a meeting of 
 four hundred ; in the afternoon seven hundred : telling 
 meetings, as I apprehend, upon the minds of the people. 
 
 11, First-day. Two meetings at Hinton Charter- 
 house. 
 
 12. Came home, much wearied." 
 
 He was indeed much worn with these labours, in 
 addition to his solicitude about his son, who was now 
 on his returning voyage. His wife writes thus respect- 
 ing him, to her sister Mounsey : — 
 
214 MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPEE. 
 
 "Bristol, 14, 7 mo. 1852. 
 
 My deae Sistee, — Thy lines of sympathy were 
 very cordial to us. The accounts which we receive of 
 our precious son are indeed a very bitter cup in 
 prospect, and we are now anxious for the arrival of 
 the vessel. Thou art not mistaken in supposing that 
 it has been a painful duty to my dear husband to 
 follow up his engagement, and I perceive that it has 
 had a very telling effect on his health, for he came 
 home much prostrated in strength. They have held 
 about twelve meetings ; some good, solemn ones : the 
 chief part of what was in prospect is now accomplished. 
 Perhaps thy brother may add a few lines. 
 
 Thy affectionate sister, E. C." 
 
 " As my wife has given thee expectation that I might 
 add something I do not like to omit it, though she 
 seems to have said all that is material, on the absorbing 
 subject of our dear Thomas's state. The only hope 
 which we can encourage is that the voyage home, in a 
 sailing vessel, may have been beneficial, and that he 
 may arrive a little revived. But, although we may 
 perhaps be allowed to indulge the hope, we cannot 
 feel it as an expectation. I do not think that there is 
 anything serious the matter with me ; but if it prove a 
 token of approaching dissolution, we could have nothing 
 to complain of, when I am in my seventy-first year ; 
 having enjoyed almost uninterrupted good health, and 
 being now able to do what many men of sixty could 
 not accomplish. Thy affectionate brother, S. C." 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 215 
 
 DIART, etc. 
 
 "1852, 7 mo. 17. T, S. C. returned, somewhat 
 revived by the voyage. 
 
 7 mo. 24. Passed the day at Street, in mental exercise 
 and prostration of spirit. 
 
 25. First-day. Held two meetings at Somerton ; 
 beautiful opportunities ! much to my relief. 
 
 26. A meeting at "West Camel. 
 
 27. Do. at Castle Gary. 
 
 Castle Gary, 28, 7 mo. 1852. 
 My dear Elizabeth, — Thus far we have proceeded, 
 but not without much conflict of mind, and some 
 exercise of patience and forbearance. It was a large, 
 raw company here last night, but I believe that a 
 gracious influence was over us. I am pretty well, but 
 I look forward with solicitude to the close of this 
 service. I am going shortly to a meeting at Bruton, 
 where Friends have gone to give notice of it. My dear 
 love to all as if named. Thine affectionately, S. C. 
 
 7 mo. 29. A meeting at Shepton Mallet. 
 
 30. Do. at Wincanton. 
 
 31. Returned home. 
 
 8 mo. 3. At the monthly meeting, gave in my 
 certificate. 
 
 Bristol, o, 8 mo. 1852. 
 
 My dear sister K. B. — I have had very constant, 
 and somewhat important, occupations since I last 
 wrote to thee. Twenty-three meetings have been 
 held, at which it is probable that about ten thousand 
 were present. Many trying circumstances attended 
 
216 MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 of one kind or another, but it is a comfort to believe 
 that the meetings were favoured opportunities ; and it 
 is also great condescension that, notwithstanding a 
 sense of our unprofitableness as servants, a degree of 
 unmerited peace is permitted. — Thomas has, of late, 
 appeared to improve in several respects. He is, I think, 
 comfortably circumstanced at his brother William's, 
 on the edge of the Down, where John and Anne 
 Frank also are, at present. 
 
 Bristol, 7, 8 mo. 1852. 
 
 My dear Sister, — When I wrote last to thee, I did 
 not think that I should have so soon to communicate 
 the intelligence of the unexpected dismissal of m y dear 
 Thomas, from his state of languishing and weakness, 
 we believe to a state of joy and rest. This morning 
 early he had a copious haemorrhage, which terminated 
 life in a few minutes. His brothers were with him. 
 Expression was scarcely possible; but it was not 
 needed. My wife and I are able to look at the 
 mercy which is vouchsafed to us in many ways, and to 
 feel calm and resigned under the bereavement. It is 
 most probable that the interment will be on sixth-day. 
 We need hardly say how acceptable thy company would 
 be on the occasion. 
 
 Thy affectionate Brother." 
 
 DIARY. 
 
 "1852, 8 mo. 8, First-day. Spent it chiefly at 
 W. S. C.'s, where the remains of dear Thomas are. 
 It was a solemn season, and I hope also a profitable 
 one." 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 217 
 
 "Bristol, 14, 8 mo. 1852. 
 
 My dear Sister, — "We felt much obliged by thy 
 kind note, and are pleased to find that you had passed 
 a day* in which Divine favour was experienced. "We 
 may, I believe, say the same ; it was a particularly quiet 
 time ; hut the stroke is heavy. Before tea, we had a 
 very solemn opportunity ; not so much perhaps from 
 what was said as from the feeling which prevailed. 
 Among those present at the meeting yesterday were 
 Thomas Sanders and "William Fry ; both I believe, in 
 their eighty-fifth year ! I do not feel equal to writing 
 much more. Thy affectionate brother, S. Capper." 
 
 The death of his dear son deeply affected him ; and 
 we have only to watch him, through the few remaining 
 days of his life, endeavouring to submit in meekness 
 to his heavenly Father's will, and to fulfil every duty 
 of the passing hour, while he constantly felt that his 
 own summons might be sent at any moment. For 
 this he waited in reverent expectation. 
 
 To return to his diary : — 
 
 " 1852, 8 mo. 15. First-day evening, S. C. spoke ; 
 a peculiarly solemn day. Low, but confiding. 
 
 8 mo. 19. Went to Weston-super-Mare, to look for 
 lodgings. 
 
 22. First-day morning, H. Thomas, both in suppli- 
 cation and testimony. Evening, S. C. and M. Water- 
 house. 
 
 23. Came to Weston-super-Mare." 
 
 * The interment of Ann Backhouse. 
 
218 MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 This change was principally intended for the re- 
 storation of his wife's health ; but he remarked, to one 
 of his daughters, that he considered himself much 
 more likely to be taken. Yet his watchful family 
 could not discover any serious symptom; merely a 
 general debility. 
 
 LAST EXTRACT FROM HIS DIARY. 
 
 " 8 mo. 25. At meeting, A. Frank and S. C. spoke. 
 Spent the day chiefly in preparing a short account of 
 T. S. C, which I sent to K. Backhouse. 
 
 Weston, 25, 8 mo. 1852. 
 
 My dear sister K. B. — Thy note reached us at 
 this place, to which we had brought some memoranda 
 of our late dear children, to read and consider ; but it 
 is not improbable that we might have concluded to 
 send nothing to the Editors of the Annual Monitor, 
 hadst thou not brought it under our special considera- 
 tion. We apprehend that there is, at times, danger 
 of surviving relations speaking in unsuitable terms of 
 the departed. However, I have sent what we have 
 put together for thy disposal. I think that we are 
 somewhat benefitted by the two days that we have 
 been here. 
 
 Thy affectionate brother, S. C." 
 
 Full of affection to all his remaining ties, and 
 desirous not to omit anything which he ought to do, 
 whether of greater or less importance, he wrote to his 
 sister Harris: — 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 219 
 
 " Weston-super-Mare, 28, 8 mo. 1852. 
 
 My dear sister Sarah, — I have been thinking 
 this morning that we have somewhat neglected thee, 
 by not replying to thy very kind letter. I now take 
 up the pen, to make such amends as I can. I believe 
 thou wilt be disposed to deal charitably with us on 
 the occasion, sensible that one object has very much 
 engaged our attention for many weeks past ; from 
 which, even yet, we are scarcely able to turn. A 
 departure from Bristol, for a season, seemed almost 
 needful, and I think we are deriving benefit from our 
 sojourn here. We shall probably stay yet a week 
 here. Eternity, a future life, the world of spirits, 
 and analogous ideas, are those which much occupy 
 ♦our minds, though not so as to deprive us of the 
 power of some enjoyment of the beautiful scenery of 
 this place. But, when we see our children exchanging 
 time for eternity, how can we do otherwise than dwell 
 on our own approach, or proximity, to another state of 
 existence!" 
 
 The next day (first-day) he was strikingly and 
 solemnly engaged in the ministry, in the morning 
 meeting at "Weston, and walked to the meeting-house 
 in the evening ; but, upon sitting down, it was 
 observed that he fetched a deep breath, and im- 
 mediately after he leaned upon his friend Robert 
 Simpson, who sat next to him, and expired. Thus 
 suddenly was he called to render up his account, 
 which we thankfully believe that he could do with 
 joy, through the redeeming love of Christ. 
 
220 MEMOIR OP SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 It appears that his two last communications in 
 Bristol meeting were very striking. In one, he spoke 
 of their stript condition, and added that they might 
 become still more so ; but concluded by quoting the 
 words — 
 
 "But, while the dear Eedeemer lives, 
 We have a boundless store, 
 And shall be fed with what He gives, 
 "Who lives for evermore I" 
 
 On the other occasion, just before he sat down he 
 quoted the words — 
 
 "But oh ! eternity's too short 
 To utter all thy praise !" 
 
 In reflecting upon his character, it is deeply in- 
 structive to remember his humility ; his caution in 
 speaking of holy things ; his entire dependence at all 
 times, and especially in the exercise of his ministry, 
 upon the teachings and guidance of the Holy Spirit ; 
 and his earnest love to souls, and desire to win them 
 to Christ. His reverent and fervent engagements in 
 vocal prayer, often conveyed in few words, and in deep 
 prostration of soul, so manifested the advanced Chris- 
 tian, that they are worthy to be recorded as a lesson 
 of instruction to survivors. 
 
 The following extract from the letter of a friend, 
 received by one of his near connexions, during the 
 solemn days which elapsed between his death and 
 the interment, may suitably bring this memoir to a 
 close : — 
 
MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPER. 221 
 
 "3, 9 mo. 1852. 
 
 .... Thou wilt not wonder that we should deeply 
 feel with your large family circle in such a bereave- 
 ment, and that, on the church's account also, our 
 sympathy and concern should be awakened. But, 
 infinitely wise, and abounding in love, as are all the 
 dealings of our heavenly Father, though his children 
 may weep, and the church may mourn, who shall say 
 unto Him, ' "What doest Thou ?' when, like shocks of 
 corn fully ripe, He is pleased to gather his saints into 
 his garner. 
 
 Having so recently, and so largely, shared in the 
 gospel labours of thy dear brother, and had so much 
 cause for thankfulness in witnessing the unction 
 which attended his ministry, in clearly setting forth 
 ' the word of the truth of the gospel,' we can, in some 
 measure, appreciate the loss sustained by his nearest 
 connexions in life, and a large circle of friends, by 
 whom he was much beloved and esteemed. To me, 
 from a variety of circumstances, the solemn and un- 
 expected event comes home with peculiar force ; and I 
 can, very readily, place myself in your midst, now 
 that you are assembled in the house of mourning, and 
 share with you in the varied emotions which, like 
 waves, may succeed each other, in the heart of a 
 bereaved widow, the dear surviving children, and 
 brothers and sisters ; sustained, through all, by the 
 strong consolations of the gospel of Christ. 
 
 Like a good soldier, the veteran has sunk on the 
 field, with his armour on, and has, no doubt, exchanged 
 the banner of the cross for the palm of victory and 
 
222 MEMOIR OF SAMUEL CAPPEE. 
 
 the crown of glory, vouchsafed to those who endure 
 unto the end. 
 
 On his account we can humbly rejoice, and his 
 dear family and near connexions have many sweets 
 mingled in their cup of sorrow ; but oh ! what shall 
 we say for the church ! ' The fathers, where are 
 they ! and the prophets, do they live for ever !' Would 
 that it might please the Lord, when, in his inscrutable 
 wisdom, He sees meet to call away the few remaining 
 Elijahs, to prepare many more of the Elishas to catch 
 the mantle as it falls ; and to pour out a double 
 portion of his good Spirit upon many of our beloved 
 youth, and those in the meridian of life, that they 
 might be rightly qualified to uphold and to magnify 
 the cause of His blessed truth ; the cause of the 
 gospel, full and free ; the cause of genuine Quakerism, 
 which, rightly understood and well guarded, is nothing 
 less (with reverence be it unpresumptuously spoken) 
 than the cause of our God and his Christ." 
 
A TESTIMONY 
 
 Of Bristol Monthly Meeting, concerning Samuel Capper, who 
 died on the 29th of Eighth month, 1852, in the seventy-first year 
 of his age; a Minister about thirty-nine years : and whose remains 
 were interred at the Friars', Bristol, on the oth of Ninth month. 
 
 Otjk beloved friend, Samuel Capper, son of Jasper 
 and Anne Capper, was born in Gracechurch Street, 
 London, on the 2nd of third month, 1782. We are 
 acquainted with few particulars of his youthful days ; 
 but he is spoken of as having manifested an unpro- 
 mising disposition in early childhood : yet it would 
 appear that about the twelfth year of his age, his 
 parents had the comfort of observing that his mind 
 had yielded to the tendering visitations of Divine love. 
 They were induced, at his request, to seek a situation 
 for him in the country; and, in his fourteenth year, 
 he was apprenticed to Joseph Naish, of Congresbury, 
 Somersetshire, under whose roof he enjoyed the benefit 
 of a careful and Christian guardianship. It is believed 
 that the period of his apprenticeship was often re- 
 membered by him with feelings of thankfulness, as 
 one in which his religious character was advanced and 
 deepened. 
 
 At the age of twenty-one he married Elizabeth, 
 daughter of Joseph Naish, and settled in Bristol, 
 
224 TESTIMONY CONCERjSTNG SAMUEL CAPPEK. 
 
 where lie commenced business as a linen-draper. His 
 prospects were encouraging, but the occupation was 
 not adapted to his habit of mind ; and becoming uneasy 
 with the showy and fashionable character of his busi- 
 ness, in about seven years he relinquished the con- 
 cern. The next eleven years were spent in farming, at 
 Potterne, in Wiltshire. On leaving this place, he again 
 settled in Bristol, and continued to reside there till 
 the close of his life. 
 
 He first appeared as a minister in 1813, and was 
 acknowledged in that character by Wiltshire monthly 
 meeting in the second month, 1817. In the year 1824 
 he accompanied our late beloved friend, Kobert Fowler, 
 in a journey to Paris and the south of Prance ; and 
 during the remainder of his life he continued to be 
 engaged in the service of the gospel, both at home, 
 and occasionally amongst his friends in various parts 
 of this country, and in Ireland. 
 
 His communications in the ministry, in our own 
 meetings, were not, for the most part, either frequent 
 or long ; but they were delivered under a feeling sense 
 of the solemn character of the engagement. Whilst 
 embracing within its range many of the various aspects 
 of religious truth, the most prominent feature in his 
 ministry may be said to have been, the concern which 
 he felt to inculcate the inward and spiritual nature 
 of true religion, and the importance of those secret 
 exercises of the soul, which are essential to a growth 
 in grace. Though earnest to prove himself a faithful 
 steward, he maintained, at the same time, a watchful 
 care "not to utter words hastily before the Lord." 
 
TESTIMONY CONCERNING SAMUEL CAPPER. 225 
 
 His public approaches to the throne of grace were 
 peculiarly solemn. 
 
 But by far the larger portion of his gospel labours 
 was bestowed on those beyond the pale of our Society. 
 His mind had long been impressed with deep reli- 
 gious concern for the lowest and most neglected classes 
 of the community, especially such as were not in the 
 habit of attending any place of worship. Endeavours 
 were at first made to give effect to his wishes, by 
 inviting these classes to meetings held in meeting- 
 houses and other buildings ; but as it was found that 
 their attendance could not in this way be generally 
 obtained, he was induced to propose to his friends the 
 holding of meetings in a tent. The proposition met 
 their approval; and a commodious tent was accord- 
 ingly provided : by this means he obtained access, both 
 among our town and country population, to large 
 numbers of those classes which had been the especial 
 objects of his solicitude. During each summer, for 
 the last seventeen or eighteen years of his life, he was 
 diligent in prosecuting this work of faith and labour 
 of love ; and it is believed that within this period he 
 held upwards of four hundred meetings, in many of 
 the larger towns as well as the rural districts of our 
 country ; most of them being numerously attended. 
 
 "We believe that our dear friend was endued with a 
 special qualification for this line of service : and though 
 often moving forwards in it under a deep sense of 
 poverty and unworthiness, and a strong feeling of his 
 own insufficiency, yet, being favoured to know his 
 sufficiency to be of God, he was enabled to preach the 
 
 Q 
 
226 TESTIMONY COFCEBNES'G SAMUEL CAPPEK. 
 
 gospel " in demonstration of the Spirit and of power ;" 
 often dwelling, in a remarkable manner, on the infinite 
 love of God, and the fulness and freeness of that 
 salvation which comes by Jesus Christ. At these 
 gatherings, a solemn and reverential feeling frequently 
 overspread the assembly ; many who came in with a 
 thoughtless air, as if amused with the novelty of the 
 scene, being gradually brought to great seriousness. 
 
 On these occasions, as well as at other times, our 
 dear friend often felt it his duty to speak of the evils 
 which have resulted from the setting up of human 
 authority in matters of religion ; and from the attempts 
 which have at different periods been made to usurp 
 the offices and prerogatives of the Saviour, and to 
 substitute a system of lifeless ceremonies and priestly 
 interference for the simple religion of the gospel. 
 Deeply impressed with the importance of this subject, 
 it was his frequent engagement to direct his hearers 
 to Christ, as being alike the High Priest and Sin- 
 offering, the Teacher and Guide of his people, — the 
 ever-present Head of his own church. 
 
 It was not alone in the capacity of a minister of the 
 gospel that Samuel Capper manifested his allegiance 
 to his Lord and Saviour, and his willingness to con- 
 fess Him before men. Often did he appear as the 
 fearless opposer of evil practices among his fellow- 
 citizens ; and the earnest supporter of measures which 
 he considered calculated to promote their highest in- 
 terests. On several occasions he was zealously engaged 
 in suppressing demoralizing public amusements in this 
 city; as well such as were characterized by coarse 
 
TESTIMONY CONCERNING SAMUEL CAPPEB. 227 
 
 brutality, as those which allured into sin by means 
 less revolting, though equally vicious. Under a deep 
 conviction of the sin and misery resulting from the 
 excessive use of intoxicating drinks in this country, he 
 was for many years earnest in promoting the spread 
 of temperance; and with equal decision did he give 
 his valuable aid to measures for the dissemination of 
 pacific principles among the nations of men. 
 
 He felt a lively interest in the circulation of the 
 Holy Scriptures, and in the labours of the British and 
 Foreign Bible Society. 
 
 The cultivation of his intellectual powers afforded 
 him a large amount of pleasure ; yet he was ever 
 ready to resign such pursuits at the call of appre- 
 hended duty. 
 
 On more than one occasion, in passing through life, 
 our dear friend experienced the trials and uncertainties 
 attending commercial pursuits. It is not for us to 
 decide in what degree these may have arisen from 
 causes under his own control, or how far they may be 
 regarded as having been directly in the Divine order- 
 ing. But in whatever light these vicissitudes may be 
 viewed, his patient and humble submission, under 
 difficulties which appeared to himself intended for his 
 farther purification, and for the benefit of his family, — 
 and his constant desire not to permit them to interfere 
 with those services which he believed to be required 
 by his Lord, — were, to us, highly instructive. Close 
 as were these trials, there is reason to believe he was 
 enabled to avoid further difficulties by availing him- 
 self of the advice of his friends, and by an endeavour 
 
228 TESTIMONY CONCERNING SAMUEL CAPPER. 
 
 to attend to the dictates of an enlightened conscience ; 
 and we may truly say that integrity and uprightness 
 marked his course, and that he was enabled to comply 
 with the apostolic injunction, " Owe no man anything 
 but to love one another." 
 
 In connexion with this subject, we find the following 
 entries in his journal :— 
 
 10 mo. 25, 1830. — " Though sensible of great solici- 
 tude about my own outward concerns, and desirous of 
 being found discharging my duty in this respect ; yet 
 my mind has been in a very solemn frame, and a dis- 
 position to continual prayer, even vocally, has been 
 felt, for which I thank my God, even Christ Jesus 
 my Lord, ' who is God over all, blessed for ever.' If 
 this dispensation should pass away, and I still remain 
 here, Lord ! enable me to do and suffer thy blessed will, 
 that I may be made a partaker of thy holiness, which 
 is what I long for. My heart praises thee, my 
 God ! and my eyes run down with tears of tenderness." 
 
 10th mo. 16, 1838. — " It seems desirable to record 
 that we have had a time of close conflict, not seeing in 
 what way, under our present temporal difficulties, we 
 ought to act. It drives us home, I hope, to the foot- 
 stool of Divine grace. God graciously grant us to see 
 his will, and give us strength to do it. I can say, with 
 thankfulness, that I delight in dwelling near unto God 
 in spirit ; and that although He is pleased to keep us 
 (as we feel it) long in suspense, yet I am able to con- 
 fide in Him. I desire heartily that I may advance in 
 holiness, and attain to greater simplicity, and more 
 entire devotion to his guidance." 
 
TESTIMONY CO^CEENLN'G SAMUEL CAPPEE. 229 
 
 And we believe this our dear friend's desire and 
 exercise was granted. There was in him a growing 
 conformity to the mind of Christ ; and while he was 
 abundant in labours, to the close of his earthly pil- 
 grimage, there was also in his daily walk an evidence 
 that the light grew brighter and brighter, as it advanced 
 towards the perfect day. 
 
 Our dear friend was repeatedly brought into deep 
 affliction by the illness and death of several of his be- 
 loved children. In reference to one of these events, 
 he writes : — 
 
 7th mo. 12, 1837. — " Such a day of joy and sorrow 
 I never passed. May I be prepared to join my dear 
 daughter ! I felt unable to do anything but indulge 
 the tenderest feelings of bereavement, and rejoice with 
 the purified spirit." 
 
 The last domestic sorrow through which he was 
 called to pass, was the protracted illness of his youngest 
 son, followed by his death, only a few weeks before his 
 own. Tenderly as his paternal solicitude was awakened 
 by the declining health of his son, he still felt con- 
 strained to devote several weeks during the summer 
 to that same course of labour in his Lord's vineyard, 
 in which he had been so long engaged. 
 
 At the close of this service he appeared much worn ; 
 and, towards the latter part of the eighth month last, 
 accompanied by his wife, he visited Weston-super-Mare, 
 Somersetshire, hoping to derive benefit from the change. 
 On the 28th of that month he wrote to one of his 
 sisters : — " "We shall probably stay yet a week here. 
 Eternity, a future life, a world of spirits, and analogous 
 
230 TESTIMONY CONCEENINa SAMUEL CAPPEE. 
 
 ideas, are those which much occupy our minds, though 
 not so as to deprive us of the power of some enjoyment 
 of the beautiful scenery of this place. But when we 
 see our children exchanging time for eternity, how can 
 we do otherwise than dwell on our own approach or 
 proximity to another state of existence ?" 
 
 On the following morning (First- day, 29th of 8th 
 mo.), our beloved friend attended the meeting at 
 Weston-super-Mare, and was engaged at some length, 
 in setting forth the necessity of preparation for death, 
 the benefit of sanctified affliction, and the awful con- 
 dition of those who feel themselves to be whole, 
 needing no physician to heal them. In the evening 
 he again walked to meeting, and had scarcely taken 
 his seat in the little company that was gathering, when, 
 at a moment's warning, the spirit was summoned from 
 its earthly tenement to an unseen world, to epend, we 
 reverently believe, an eternity of praise in the presence 
 of his Eedeemer and his God. 
 
 THE END. 
 
 LOXDOX : KJCIGHT A2TD SO>~, rRI>'TERS, CLEEKE>~WELL CLOSE, 
 

MAR 3 1904 
 
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