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 I 8peak literally and in sincerity when I say, that were I at 
 this moment offered the wealth of India, on condition that Phre- 
 nology should be blotted from my mind forever, I would scorn 
 the gift; nay, were every thing I possess placed in one hand, 
 and Phrenology in the other, and orders issued for me to choose ; 
 Phrenology, without a moments hesitation would be preferred. 
 
 Combe. 
 
 PHRENOLOGICAL CHART, 
 
 SIT SUEIiSi &. SXZSR. 
 
A 
 
 PHRENOLOGICAL CHART, 
 
 A DZSCRIFTION OF THE PHENOMENA OF THE H0MAN MIND AS MACrcrBSTSD 
 THROUGH THE BRAIN BY ITS VARIOUS ORGANS, 
 
 SEVEN DEGREES OF DEVELOPMENT; 
 
 ALSO, 
 THE CHARACTER PRODUCED BY THE 
 
 COMBINATION OF THE FACULTIES, 
 ZZ.I.'aSTR^TED BV SITGRAVZXTGSu 
 
 By P.L.BUELL & N.SIZER, 
 PHRENOLOGISTS. 
 
 Authors of "A Guide to Phrenologyj" a variety of "Phrenological Charts^'* 
 . and other productions. 
 
 JP i r 8 i Edition, ": P^ ^ ' 
 
 WOODSTOCK, Vt.: 
 
 PRINTED BY HASKELL AND PALMER. 
 
 (Mercury Press.) 
 
 1843. 
 
 &;^N. 
 

 1 ^-1 O ^ 
 
 Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 18423 
 
 By P. L» BUELL AND N. SiZER, 
 
 in the Clerk's OiBce of the District Court of Massachusetts. 
 
EXPI-AWrATIOK OP THE CHART. 
 
 All heads are large or small, or occupy some interme- 
 diate size : the same is true of each of the organs ; hence 
 in publishing a chart, we recognize seven sizes of the 
 head and of each of the organs, and to indicate the size 
 of the head, or of the organs of the head examined, we, 
 use the written figures 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1. 7, shows that 
 the organ is very large ; 6 large; 5 full; 4 average ; 3, 
 moderate; 2 small \ and 1 very small. 
 
 The sign t (plus, or more) signifies that the organ is 
 a little larger than it is marked. The sign — (minus, or 
 less) placed under a figure, shows that it is less than it is 
 marked. When marked 4 to 5 &c., both sentences may 
 be read, and a medium between the two will be applica- 
 ble. 
 
 In the combinations, the names of the organs are ab- 
 breviated thus : Amat. for Amativeness, Philo. for Philo- 
 progenitiveness, &c. — The reader is requested where it 
 is not written, to supply the ellipsis, ^One having the or- 
 gan large Sfc.^ 
 
 ^di/ejtoloaicai HSiiaVactc^ oi 
 
 0xa?mnec/ ^ 
 
 ■fdA 
 
NAMES OF THE PHRENOLOGICAL ORGANS. 
 
 1 Amativeness, 
 
 2 Philoprogenitiveness, 
 
 3 Adhesiveness, 
 
 4 Inhabitiveness, 
 
 5 Concentrativeness, 
 
 6 Combativeness, 
 
 7 Destructiveiiess, 
 
 8 Alimentiveness, 
 
 9 Acquisitiveness, 
 
 10 Secretiveness, 
 
 11 Cautiousness, 
 
 12 Approbativeness, 
 
 13 Self-Esteem, 
 li Fijrmness, 
 
 15 Conscientiousness, 
 
 16 Hope, 
 
 37 Marvellousness, 
 
 18 Veneration, 
 
 19 Benevolence, 
 
 20 Constructiveness, 
 
 21 Ideality, 
 
 22 Sublimity, 
 
 23 Imitation, 
 
 24 Mirthfulness, 
 
 25 Individuality, 
 
 26 Form, 
 
 27 Size, 
 
 28 Weight, 
 
 29 Color, 
 
 30 Order, 
 
 31 Number, 
 
 32 Locality, 
 
 33 Eventuality^ 
 
 34 Time, 
 
 35 Tune, 
 
 36 Language, 
 
 37 Comparison, 
 
 38 Causality, 
 
 A. Suavitiveness, 
 
 B. Human Nature, 
 
 C. Union for Life. 
 
IF miE li S3" ® Ea ® © "S" 
 
 Phrenology teaches, First, that the brain is the organ 
 or instrument of the manifestations of the mind» 
 
 Secondly. That the mind is not a single power ; but 
 composed of many distinct primary faculties. 
 
 Thirdly. That each faculty is manifested by means 
 of a special portion of the brain as its organ. 
 
 Fourthly. That size of brain (other conditions being 
 equal) is a measure of power in the mental manifesta- 
 tions. These conditions are the health of the brain ; the 
 fineness of its texture and the compactness, activity, and 
 strength of the cerebral mass, which is produced by large 
 and healthy vital organs and a well developed system 
 throughout. The last of these conditions may be ascer-^ 
 tained by observing the temperaments. 
 
 The brain is divided into hemispheres; and the or-* 
 gans, like those of sight, are double; and are generally 
 developed alike in each hemisphere. 
 
 The skull is designed to shield the brain from injury, 
 and is moulded to accommodate it and usually exhibits 
 its size and shape. 
 
 When all the organs of the brain are equally devel- 
 oped the head will be even, but when an organ or class 
 of organs is large and others small, the head is irregular 
 in shape. 
 
 SZZi: OF TSEE HSAD. 
 
 A full sized and well balanced head, should measure 
 in horizontal circumference, twenty two inches, and 
 from the root of the nose over the top of the head to 
 the occipital protuberance at the lower portion of the 
 back-head, fourteen inches, 
 1* 
 
6 TEMPERAMENTS. 
 
 The absolute size of the brain may be very large and 
 the organs of the intellect small^ and the result will be 
 great propelling, with feeble directing power. Such is 
 the case with many Indian Chiefs. 
 
 Persons having charts, therefore, should notice the size 
 of each class of organs^ before summing up character. 
 
 TZ:iM[F£B.il3M:z:XTTS. 
 
 The word temperament, is used to express a certain 
 condition of the body; or the consititution of the physi- 
 cal apparatus, embracing the texture, compactness, activi-^ 
 iy and strength of the system. 
 
 Physiologists recognize four temperaments, to wit : the 
 Sanguine, the Bilious, the Nervous and Lymphatic or 
 Phlegmatic. 
 
 The Vital organs, including the heart, lungs, blood 
 vessels, &.c., constitute the >S^«n^wme temperament : the 
 fr ame-io or k o^ the system, including the bones and mus- 
 cles, the Bilious : the Brain and Nervous system, the 
 Nervous or Mental temperament : and the Glands and 
 Digestive organs, the Lymphatic or Phlegmatic temper- 
 ament. 
 
 We seldom find the temperaments pure. There is 
 generally a mixture of two or more, in every person. 
 Some possess an equal proportion of all the temperaments, 
 which is the most favorable balance; but more fre- 
 quently, one or two are found existing in great predom- 
 inance. Webster has a predominance of the Bil- 
 ious ; Clay of the Sanguine ; Calhoun, Jackson and Wise, 
 of the Nervous ; each, having a mixture of the other. 
 
 The temperaments are distinguished by external signs, 
 including the complexion, and the proportion that one 
 part of the system bears to others. 
 
 Sanguine. The Sanguine temperament, is produced 
 by the predominance of the vital organs and arterial sys- 
 tem, and is indicated by a ruddy complexion, light or 
 sandy hair, light or blue eyes, a glowing countenance, a 
 strong and rapid pulse, a large chest compared with the 
 head and abdominal viscera. 
 
TEMPERAMENTS. 7 
 
 It gives bodily activity, a love of exercise in the open 
 air, great zeal and ardor ; a general buoyancy and a 
 strong current of animal feelings. Persons of this tem- 
 perament are usually averse to sedentary employments or 
 close study. 
 
 Bilious. The preponderance of the muscular portion 
 of the physical system, produces the bilious temperament; 
 which is characterized by an athletic frame ; firm flesh ; 
 a harsh outline of features ; coarse, dark hair and skin ; 
 and a strong, steady pulse. It imparts energy and 
 strength of mind and body ; and power to endure great 
 mental and physical labor. 
 
 Nervous. The predominance o^ ihQ brain and 7ier- 
 vous system, gives rise to this temperament, which is in- 
 dicated by a large brain, moderate sized vital organs, a 
 thin skull, lightness of bones, small muscles, fine hair, 
 thin clear skin, brilliant eyes, and sharp, pointed features. 
 This produces great excitability and activity of the men- 
 tal powers, a disposition to sedentary habits and a passion 
 for mental labor, but weakness of the physical powers. 
 
 Lymphatic. This condition of the system is pro- 
 duced by a preponderance of the glands and digestive 
 organs. It is indicated by corpulency, roundness of 
 form, paleness of the countenance, dullness of the eyes, 
 ash colored hair, softness of muscles, and inexpressive 
 countenance. The brain partakes of the quality of the 
 whole constitution, and produces coolness of passions, 
 and moderate physical and mental manifestations. 
 
 Persons of this temperament, like ease better than 
 eifort, and usually seek it. 
 
 X^iLRKIira OF TISS TXIMFZ]B.a.M££7TS. 
 
 When all the temperaments are marked equally, the 
 person will partake of the bodily and mental qualities of 
 each, in an equal degree; but, if one be marked 6, and 
 another 3, it shows, that double the amount of one tem- 
 perament is possessed over another. The Nervous be- 
 ing marked 7, indicates great mental activity— the 
 Lymphatic 7, great sluggishness. All the temperaments 
 being marked 3, would indicate a fair share of activity ; 
 
8 
 
 CLASSIFICATION OP THE FACULTIES* 
 
 but the person having this combination with a large 
 head, will not manifest much brilliancy of intellect. The 
 Bilious, Sanguine, and Nervous being marked 6, indi- 
 cate, that the person has activity, and strength of mind 
 and body, and the power of enduring great hardship. 
 
 ClL.iiSSIFZ€ikTZOST OF TIXS OUGJiirS. 
 
 Phrenological writers do not agree in the classification 
 of the faculties. Some appear to have changed, merely 
 for the sake of originality without any improvement. 
 The classification, which seems the most consistent and 
 true to nature, is that of the Messrs. Fowler, which we 
 shall follow, and hereby give credit accordingly. It is 
 of little consequence what numbers are employed in a 
 work to designate the organs, as the faculties are not in 
 the least affected by it. 
 
 * The faculties are divided into two Classes, or Orders,' 
 (feelings and intellect) ^and these are subdivided into 
 ^et?eraZ Genera, and these again into several Species,' 
 
 The above cut^ shows the location of the several clas- 
 hes of organs, each of which should be equally developed. 
 
AMATIVENESS. 9 
 
 Order I. Affective faculties or feelings. 
 
 These embrace all those propensities, sentiments and 
 emotions, either animal, human, or moral,which may be 
 denomiuBited feelings,dLX\d constitute the most vivid class of 
 all the mental operations. They spring into spontaneous 
 activity whenever their natural stimuli are presented, and 
 produce the desii^es which demand gratification. All 
 these feelings are blind in themselves, and need the guid- 
 ance of an enlightened intellect, 
 
 CrCnilS I. Propensities. 
 
 These bring man into harmony with nature as an ani- 
 mal being, and impart those desires and emotions which 
 relate to his physical existence. The feelings which 
 induce propagation, love of offspring, self-preservation 
 and defence, are in man, precisely what they are in the 
 lower animals. The propensities as a whole, impart 
 force, efficiency, and general energy of character, and 
 the impetus to act. 
 
 Species !• Domestic Propensities, 
 
 From these arise the social affections, and the desire 
 for society and intercourse, and they lay the foundation for 
 the connubial, fraternal and civil institutions of mankind. 
 
 When these organs are large^the hack part of the head 
 is elongated ; when small, the same region is short and 
 perpendicular, 
 
 1. AMATIVENESS. 
 
 Reciprocal attachment and love of the sexes. 
 
 The cerebellum, (little 6r«m^ situated between and be- 
 hind the opening of the ears in the base of the skull, is 
 the organ of this propensity. It is separated from the 
 brain proper, by a strong membrane called the tentorium. 
 The brain proper and the cerebellum, are brought into 
 connection, by being united to the medulla oblongata. 
 
 The size of the organ is determined, by the downward 
 
10 
 
 AMATIVENESS, 
 
 and backward development of the base of the skull at the 
 back of the neck, and width betv/een the mastoid processes. 
 
 Very Large. One having Amativeness very large, is 
 very tender and attentive to the other sex ; seeks tfieir 
 society, covets their favor, courts popularity with them, 
 makes many sacrifices to please ; will seek friends in the 
 opposite sex ; confide in, and trust them with secrets ; 
 ever speak of them with lively emotions ; and with large 
 Ideality, will celebrate them in song. 
 
 If the whole mind be well balanced, and well instructed, 
 the person will be likely to marry young, and become a 
 devoted, affectionate companion, and be bound up in the 
 family relation. If a father, will desire daughters, and 
 love them more than sons ; if a mother, the reverse will be 
 the case. 
 
 Large. One in whom Amativeness is large, will re- 
 gard the opposite sex with attention and respect ; seek 
 their society ; desire intensely, to be in favor with them ; 
 and try to say, and do things, so as to please ; sooner be 
 unpopular with all their own, than one of the other sex; 
 and always anticipate their convenience and pleasure. 
 
 Combined with large Adhes. and Consci., the person 
 will cling to one beloved object, with strong and fasting 
 love. With large Ideal., will admire those who possess 
 correct taste, ease, elegance, and refinement of manners; 
 and with large Form, Size, Color, and Order added, will 
 admire personal beauty : with large Acquis., will be indus- 
 trious to provide for the wants of that friend, and with 
 large Self-Esteem and Appro., will be ambitious that oth- 
 ers shall appreciate their admirable qualities, and praise 
 them. If the moral and intellectual faculties predominate, 
 the person will regard those who are intelligent, and moral ; 
 and found his choice upon those qualities; but, if the 
 moral and intellectual faculties be weak, and Ideal., Ap- 
 pro., and Adhes., small, the mere animal gratification of 
 this faculty, will be the only bond of union ; and the re- 
 sult will be, vulgarity and obscenity in language and 
 manners ; inconstancy, lasciviousness, and matrimonial 
 infidelity. 
 
AMATIVENESS. 11 
 
 Full. One having Am at. full, will take delight in 
 the society of the opposite sex, and be capable of feeling 
 the keen sting of Cupid's dart; but will have less intensi- 
 ty of this feeling, than is described under Amat. large* 
 With large, or very large Adhes., and large moral organs, 
 will be more steady and constant in connubial attach- 
 ment, than remarkably ardent. 
 
 Average. One having Amat. aterage, combined with 
 an active temperament, will have some ardor of affection 
 for the opposite sex ; but attended with more activity, 
 than intensity, and will not be liable to abuse the faculty. 
 Combined with large moral organs, the person will look 
 upon licentiousness as one of the worst of crimes, and 
 with Destruct. and Firm./wZ/, added, will severely censure 
 those who have fallen victims to the sexual passion, and 
 make no allowance for the easily besetting sin of others. 
 Other motives than the sexual impulse, will operate in 
 determining to early marriage ; expediency, as well as de- 
 sire, will be consulted. If Acquis, be large, will be par- 
 ticular to gratify it^ in the choice. 
 
 With large Appro., and Self-Esteem, will think of the 
 character, and high standing of the chosen one. With 
 the intellectual and moral organs large, combined with 
 very large Ideal., Order, and Appro., will select one with 
 a cultivated mind, acute moral sense, and great delicacy, 
 and refinement of taste and manners ; will even be fastid- 
 ious in this respect. If Caution be large, and Combat, 
 moderate, will be bashful, and timid in the company of 
 the opposite sex; and with large Ideal,, will be chaste in 
 conduct and conversation. 
 
 Moderate. One having Amat. only moderate, will b6 
 rather slow to form attachments to the other sex ; will be 
 controlled by the other faculties in making a selection, 
 and parsimonious of encomiums upon the rosy cheek or 
 manly form, of admirers. 
 
 If Caution be large, and Combat, and Ideal, average, 
 will be retiring, distant and bashful, and lack the power 
 to please, or become captivating to those having the or- 
 gan, full or large ; will be forgetful of the claims of the 
 
m J^HILOPROGENITXVENESS. 
 
 Other sex, and lack the common etiquette of society, and 
 be respected more than loved. With Adhes. average^ 
 will have a general respect for all^ rather than strong love 
 for one. 
 
 Small. One having Amat. small, M^ith an ardent tem- 
 perament, vi^ill occasionally feel the promptings of the 
 amorous feeling, but very rarely abuse it. Will be tem- 
 perate in professions, and wanting in polite attention, 
 and urbanity of manners toward the other sex. 
 
 Very Small. One in whom Amat. is very small, is 
 almost, if not wholly destitute of that feeling which re- 
 gards the opposite sex as such. 
 
 2. PHILOPROGENITIVENESS. 
 
 Parental love, attachment to children, young animals, 
 pets, Sfc, 
 
 The organ is located in the middle of the posterior 
 portion of the head, just above the occipital spine. When 
 large the head is elongated from the opening of the ears 
 backward, and when small, the head is short and perpen- 
 dicular in the back part. 
 
 Very Large. One in whom Philo. is very large, be- 
 comes very strongly attached to children ; will do and 
 sufFei^uch to please and make them happy, and feel the 
 keenest anxiety for their health and general welfare ; will 
 readily get acquainted with, and please the children of 
 strangers ; and if Self-Esteem be moderate, will join in 
 their childish sports, be fond of telling stories to please 
 them, and never feel lonely in their company. With a 
 well balanced development of all the organs, will watch 
 with the keenest anxiety and interest, the expanding pow- 
 ers of the child and also, (like the stork) be kind and 
 tender to parents in their dotage. In the farmer, this 
 organ very large, leads to the raising of young stock , 
 fondness for horses, pet dogs, birds, &c. 
 
PHILOPROGENITIVENESS. 13 
 
 Large. One with this organ large, if a parent, will 
 love children deeply and tenderly ; be devotedly attached 
 to them; minister to their wants in health, and feel the 
 keenest solicitude for them in sickness, and with large 
 Adhes., *'refuse to be comforted" when they are taken 
 «way by death. With large moral organs, will strive to 
 educate their moral feelings, and teach them to *^fear God 
 and work righteousness." With a strong intellect, and 
 weak Acquis, added, will think more of educating chil- 
 dren well, than of leaving them wealthy. Reverse this 
 combination and the reverse will be true in the manifes- 
 tation. 
 
 With Lang, and Event, large, and Self-Esteem moderate, 
 will talk much to children, enter into their feelings and 
 interests, relate anecdotes, and with large Individ., Local., 
 Form and Size added, will describe persons, places, 
 countries, dress and manners, and traditionate them into 
 the history of external nature ; in a word, will become ex- 
 ceedingly popular with children, and be qualified by na- 
 ture for a successful teacher. With a weak intellect, and 
 large Self-Esteem and Appro., will be proud and vain of 
 children, boast of their qualifications, and crowd thern 
 forward to their disadvantage; and with strong Acquis., 
 and feeble moral organs added, will be more anxious to 
 see them rich, powerful, showy and fashionable, than 
 *^only great, as they are good,^^ 
 
 Full. One in whom Philo. is only full, will not be 
 passionately fond of children, or pets, or feel a lively, 
 special interest in children, as such; or have a good fac- 
 ulty to gain their attention and friendship, or to please 
 them when they are ill natured; will lack patience when 
 they are fretful, either in the capacity of a parent, nurse, or 
 teacher. If Firm., Self-Esteem, Destruct., and Combat, 
 be large, will be stern in government, and cause children 
 to fear and respect, more than to love ; but, if Appro, be 
 large, with Firm., Self-Esteem, Destruct. and Combat, 
 only average, the person will readily become familiar with 
 children, and often join in their conversation and child- 
 ish sports ; and with large Adhes. added, will love them 
 dearly, as they become playful, and old enough to be as* 
 2 
 
14 PHIL0PR0GENITIVENESI5. 
 
 sociates and friends, and at the same time, will not be 
 likely to spoil them by indulgence ; but educate, and 
 train them consistently with their station in life. 
 
 Average, will love children, pets, &c., well enough 
 to provide for their wants ; but will not suffer them to 
 rule, or swerve the mind from other objects of attach* 
 ment. Will regard their comfort and general welfare, 
 without being too indulgent for the good of the child, or 
 convenience of the parent, and will seldom play with, or 
 take much trouble to please children. With large Be- 
 nev., Consci., Adhes., andlnhab., combined with moderate 
 Bestruct., Combat., and Self-Esteem, will value home, 
 and the domestic circle, highly ; and be warmly attached 
 to children, and manifest much tenderness and affection 
 for them, and the more so, as they advance in years, 
 wdth large Acquis. ^ and a good intellect added, will de- 
 sire to see children become learned, wealthy and honora- 
 ble ; and feel honored when the child is honored. With 
 the above combination and Acquis, moderate, will sur- 
 render property, and the management of business to a 
 son, and be willing to live with, and lean upon him, in 
 old age. With large Acquis, and Self-Esteem, will 
 choose to hold possession of the homestead, and the man- 
 agement of business till death, and think that a son can- 
 not manage well. 
 
 Moderate, has but little patience with children, and 
 cannot endure their noise and prattle ; is a poor child- 
 nurse, and ought never to become a step-parent, or teach- 
 er of young children. Large moral organs will lead to 
 the performance of the duties of protection and provi- 
 dence, but there will be wanting the thousand little pa- 
 rental cares, and that overflowing tenderness described 
 under this organ large , which is among the very strong 
 est of the social manifestations. 
 
 Small, or Very Small, will show very little love, 
 and no fondness, for children, or pets of any kind. With 
 large Combat, and Destruct., and only full Benev., will 
 be severe, and sometimes abuse, and often, scold them. 
 
ADHESIVENESS. 15 
 
 3, ADHESIVENESS. 
 
 Attachment to" friends ; instinctive desire to love, 
 
 A striking example is recorded in Ruth, 1 : 16, 17. 
 
 This organ is located upward, and outward from Phi- 
 loprogenitiveness, and just above the lambdoidal suture. 
 
 Very Large. One having Adhes. very large, will 
 possess ardent and devoted friendship; cling to friends 
 even in adversity ; have a very strong desire for their wel- 
 fare, and think much of them when absent. Combined 
 with large Benev., and full Acquis., will often sacrifice 
 personal interest, to benefit relatives, or friends; with 
 large Consci., will be sincere, and never forsake a 
 friend ; with large, or very large Caution, and Firm., will 
 be slow in forming attachments, but when once formed 
 they will ''bear the seal of eternity ;" with very large 
 Amat., Philo., and Inhab., will be extremely fond of the 
 domestic circle, and cannot be contented without daily 
 intercourse in that circle, and if obliged to leave it for a 
 few days, will be very unhappy. 
 
 Large, will manifest much affection for relations and 
 friends, and take great satisfaction in advancing their in- 
 terests, and rendering their condition agreeable and hap- 
 py; with large Secret., may love strongly and not make 
 any professions of attachment; with very large Combat., 
 will contend for the rights of friends, and never allow 
 them to be insulted, or wronged, without wishing to re- 
 dress their grievances ; with large Firm, and Consci., 
 will be constant and honest in all professions of friend- 
 ship ; but, with Conscien. moderate, and Secret., and 
 Acquis, large, will be governed much by circumstances, 
 and sometimes prove treacherous to them ; with large 
 Self-Esteem, will seek for associates among the higher 
 classes, and with large Acquis, added, will court the fa- 
 vor of the rich, and look with sovereign contempt on 
 the poor. 
 
16 
 
 ADHESIVENESS. 
 
 Full, will manifest considerable attachment to rela- 
 tives and friends; yet lack that warmth of friendship, 
 which characterizes one with this organ very large. One 
 having Adhes. full,, with large moral organs, will be a 
 sincere, but not an ardent friend ; and if unsuccessful in 
 the matter oflove^will not be much affected by it. 
 
 Average, has a good share of friendly feeling, and 
 manifests considerable ardor of attachment, when the ob- 
 ject of love is present ; yet will not grieve at parting with 
 friends, or take much trouble to visit them when absent; 
 with large Mirth, and Hope, will choose a witty, gay, 
 and cheerful companion or friend ; but with those organs 
 moderate, and Caution, Ven., Benev., and Consci. large, 
 will prefer one who is sedate^ reverential, kind and hon- 
 est. 
 
 Moderate, is not capable of forming lasting friend- 
 ship ; will be cold and distant to relatives ; with large 
 Acquis., will try to gain the friendship of the affluent, 
 and perhaps succeed in his endeavors ; but would prove a 
 traitor, if that wealth which was the foundation of at- 
 tachment, should be lost. 
 
 Small, forms slight attachments ; may appear friendly 
 to some, to gratify the love of gain, or the love of distinc- 
 tion, if Acquis, and Appro, be large; with weak mor- 
 al feelings and strong selfish propensities, will make loud 
 protestations of friendship merely for the sake of popu- 
 larity, and his secret maxim will be, "out of sight out of 
 mind." 
 
 Very Small, is a stranger to the joys of friendship, 
 and the pleasures of social life; may make professions of 
 attachment from sinister motives, but never feels the 
 warm emotions of tender affection. 
 
INHABITIVENESS. 17 
 
 4. INHABITIVENESS. 
 
 Love of country and home^ attachment to place. 
 
 This organ is located between Concentrativeness and 
 Philoprogenitiveness. 
 
 "What makes the home ? is it the shadowed cot, 
 
 The mansion house, the palace, or the spot 
 
 Of mingled beauty, blending in the heart 
 
 Things which create a love, a home of art? 
 
 Oh, no ! This feeling of a home comes forth 
 
 From 'neath the soul's pure throne, as not of earth." 
 
 Very Large, will have a very great regard for home ; 
 cannot be contented without one, will leave it for a short 
 time even, with much reluctance, and, on returning 
 home, after a few months' absence, when the eye first 
 catches a glimpse of native hills ; will experience intense 
 delight. With Adhes. very large, will be homesick when 
 traveling, or stopping with strangers. 
 
 Large, feels strong attachment to native country, 
 leaves home with regret and returns with cheerful de- 
 light; with full, or large Acquis., may go abroad to ob- 
 tain means to make home happy, or to purchase a per- 
 manent place of abode, and when traveling, will receive 
 much satisfaction from the hope, that the pleasures of a 
 home will one day be realized ; with large Ven. and 
 Self-Esteem, will be patriotic ; with large Individ, and 
 Local., will have a strong desire to travel, but love 
 home too well to be a great rover ; with large Combat., 
 Destruct., and Self-Esteem, will think much of national 
 honor, and be willing to contend in the field of battle to 
 secure it. 
 
 Full, desires to have a local habitation, and mani- 
 fests considerable attachment to place of residence; with 
 very large Adhes., will think more of leaving relatives 
 and friends, than any particular locality. 
 
18 CONCENTRATIVENESS. 
 
 Average, is rather fond of the home of childhood, but 
 if urged by large Acquis, and the hope of gain, can leave 
 the place of abode and the home of youth without much 
 regret, and give all local attachment to another, althouo-h 
 the last situation may not be as pleasant as the first. 
 
 Moderate, has no particular regard for any spot on 
 earth, feels but little regret in leaving home and is never 
 homesick; with Adhes. and Philo. very large, and Local, 
 moderate, will have a fixed place of residence, in order 
 to gratify the feelings of attachment to relatives and 
 friends. 
 
 Small, is very indifferent respecting the place of 
 abode, soon becomes weaned from the home of child- 
 hood, feels no uneasiness if obliged to change the place 
 of residence often, and with Individ, and Local, large, 
 and Adhes. only full, will be likely to lead a roving life. 
 
 Very Small, feels at home in any place, forms no 
 local attachments; with Acquis, moderate, will care 
 nothing about owning a house and piece of land, and 
 will be likely to live on hire, and change place of resi- 
 dence often. 
 
 5. CONCENTRATIVENESS. 
 
 This is not classed with any other, as it seems to serve 
 as a balance-wheel, for all the other faculties. 
 
 This organ is supposed to give ^unity and continuity of 
 thought and feeling ; power of entire and concentrated ap- 
 plication to one thing.' Its abuses are, protracted and 
 unnecessary brooding upon one subject, study or 'pursuit, 
 to the exclusion of incidental duties. 
 
 It is located between Inhabitiveness and Self-Esteem. 
 
 Very Large. One having very large Concentrative- 
 ness, can chain the mind or the feelings to a particular 
 study or purpose, and is not satisfied, till every reason 
 
CONCENTRATIVENESS. 19 
 
 and fact are thoroughly examined : will stick closely to 
 a text or proposition, and move surely, step by step, to 
 the conclusion ; often communes with self, and is fre- 
 quently absent-minded. With large Cans., is very fond 
 of truly abstract subjects. 
 
 Large, is disposed to fix the mind upon but one study 
 or work at a time ; in conversation, prefers a leading 
 subject to miscellany ; feels disturbed, if not vexed, if 
 spoken to while reading or writing; wishes to complete 
 an article or chapter before a book or paper is laid 
 aside; and likes to attend to one and hut one thing at a 
 time, and is confused by a multiplicity of cares; frequent- 
 ly becomes attached to difficult, or even disagreeable la- 
 bor or study; when buildinor, always wishes to finish en- 
 tirely; dislikes to have more *'irons in the fire'' than can 
 be well attended to, and prefers a steady business to 
 ^choring,^ 
 
 Full, is able to fix the mind, or to change it from one 
 subject, study or pursuit to another without difficulty or 
 delay, yet generally prefers permanence to change, and 
 likes to leave nothing unfinished. 
 
 Average, is fond of variety, novelty and change; is 
 more intense, than continuous in the application of the 
 mind, or the manifestation of the feelings. 
 
 Moderate, thinks and feels intensely, yet lacks unity ; 
 will anticipate a speaker, and in a book look forward to 
 see how the story is coming out; will crave variety of 
 pursuit, and feel that spirit, which characterizes the 
 American people — a spirit of change and enterprise. 
 
 Small, or Very Small, dislikes close application; is 
 too fond of a change of study or pursuit ; — will leap from 
 premise to conclusion, and fail to supply all the connect- 
 ing links of argument. 
 
20 COMBATIVENESS. 
 
 Species II, Selfish Propensities. 
 
 These desires and feelings terminate upon self, and 
 have direct reference to the promotion of individual inter- 
 est and happiness. When the organs of these propensi- 
 ties are large, the head is broad at its base and rounded 
 above the ears, and when small, the head is narrow. 
 
 6. COMBATIVENESS. 
 
 Spirit of resistance, courage, opposition. 
 
 The organ is located above, and a little backward of 
 the mastoid processes, at the posterior inferior angle of 
 the parietal bones, about an inch and a half upward and 
 backward of the opening of the ears. When large, it 
 gives width to the head a little back of the top of the 
 ears, and may be ascertained by placing the thumb on 
 one side, and the fingers upon the other, and a continu- 
 ation of the width of the head from above the ear back- 
 ward is an indication that Combativeness is large. 
 
 Very Large. One having Combat. t;ery large, has very 
 strong resisting force, and will exert a commanding in- 
 fluence for good or for ill. With an active temperament, 
 will readily Jire up to bold resistance in behalf of self, 
 friends, or property; and has the ability and disposition 
 to defend rights. With large reasoning organs, will be 
 very fond of argument, and contend earnestly for political 
 or religious opinions. 
 
 Large, is courageous, and bold in resistance ; and 
 vv'hen aroused to high excitement by opposition, or by 
 some great occasion, will be intrepid, forcible, and com- 
 manding, in feeling, language, and action. Combined 
 with very large Caution, will not be rash, and will often 
 appear timid, and wanting in bravery. Such a person in 
 the capacity of a soldier, will fight well under cover, but 
 dislike an open field ; when cornered, will be desperate, 
 and with small Caution will be reckless. Combined 
 
COMBATIVENESS. 21 
 
 with a strong intellect, it leads to a love of intellectual 
 combat ; ami with large Appro, and Lang., to assume the 
 opposite merely for the sake of argument. With the 
 intellectual and moral organs only average, and Destruct. 
 large ; fighting and quarreling will be the result. 
 
 Full, will manifest a fair amount of energy, force 
 and courage, yet other organs being equal, will not be 
 quarrelsome, or contentious; can generally take care of 
 self, and maintain personal rights, and will not be tram- 
 pled, or insulted, and bear it in silence. With an active 
 temperament, will be quick tempered, yet will not hold 
 resentment, unless Firm., and Instruct, are very large — 
 ''Peace if we can, war if we must," will be the motto. 
 
 Average, will prefer an even sea, to a storm, and not 
 court opposition ; yet when attacked, or oppressed, will 
 manifest considerable resistance and general energy of 
 character. Will choose to avoid contentious persons, 
 law suits, &c., and desire "peace with all men." If 
 Destruct. and Firm, be large, combined with an active 
 temperament ; will have strong temper when aroused by 
 repealed insult, but when the opposition ceases, resist* 
 ance will also cease. 
 
 Moderate, may get angry, but will not be dangerous 
 or quarrelsome, and will be likely to bear insults and in- 
 juries, till forbearance ''ceases to be a virtue," but can 
 contend for rights to some extent \^ driven to it, and with 
 moderate Caution, will show a tolerable degree of cour- 
 age. With large Firm, and Destruct., and a good intel- 
 lect, will manifest steady resistance, but will not be rash 
 or impassioned, and if forced by circumstances to quar-* 
 rel, will contend on the defensive. 
 
 Small. One having Combat, small, will be too ready 
 to accept of peace at the expense of personal rights, and 
 suffer long before resenting an injury; will lack bravery 
 and efficiency, and with large social and moral organs, 
 and only average Destruct. will be pre-eminently amiable 
 
23 DESTRUCTIVENESS. 
 
 and peaceable ; will fail to carry forward any bold enter- 
 prise of a political or moral character, where opposition 
 is to be met, and overcome. 
 
 Very Small, will be too tame and cowardly, to ac- 
 complish any thing requiring force and courage, whatev- 
 er may be the size of other organs. 
 
 7. DESTRUCTIVENESS. 
 
 Executiveness, indignation^ efficiency , force, severity. 
 
 The organ is located above, and extending a little 
 backward from the external opening of the ear. A large 
 development of the organ, gives width through the head 
 from ear to ear. All carnivorous animals, from the lion 
 to the cat, are very broad through this region of the head, 
 while herliivorous tribes of animals, such as the camel, 
 deer, sheep, and rabbit, are narrow in the same region. 
 
 Very Large. A person having Destruct. ver^ large^ 
 is severe, forcible and indignant when highly excited, 
 and with large Firm., and a bilious temperament, will be 
 able to witness surgical operations, or a sanguine battle 
 field; and with average Caution, and large Combat., 
 would not as a soldier, wince even at the cannon's mouth. 
 Combined with an active temperament, large Combat., 
 Appro, and Seff Esteem, will be quick, and high tem- 
 pered, and require to watch much, against the passion of 
 anger. With small Combat,, and large Firm, and Cau-^ 
 tion, will be '^slow to wrath, but sure when up." 
 
 Large, has great sternness and force of character, 
 when excited, and deep toned indignation toward objects of 
 displeasure. Has much warmth and vehemence of tem- 
 per, and will often utter bitter remarks against enemies, 
 and religious, or political error. With large Consci., 
 Firm., and Combat., will censure injustice, and vice, 
 even in* high places (like Luther, Knox and others.) 
 With strong social organs, and moderate Secret., will 
 
DESTRUCTIVENESS. 23 
 
 love friends ardently, yet be liable to wound their feel- 
 ings, and having weight and force of character, will pos- 
 sess the elements of government. With large Combat., 
 Firm, and Self Esteem, and a good intellect, will be bold, 
 energetic, vindictive, dignified, and persevering, against 
 every opposition ; drive forward and upward to distinc- 
 tion ; carry out great enterprises, and be able to do much 
 good in the world, being qualified by nature for a leader 
 in society. With the above combination, and a feeble 
 moral development, will be cruel and dangerous when 
 excited. If the head be large, and all other organs large, 
 this should be large also, to complete the character. 
 Destruct., when kept under the control of a good intellect 
 and strong moral sentiments, is an agent of good, and its 
 manifestations useful and virtuous. 
 
 Full, is forcible, yet will not cause unnecessary pain, 
 or be very severe when excited; is able to command res- 
 pect, and overcome the common difficulties of life 
 When it is necessary to cause pain, or to take the life 
 of animals, will do it at a blow, causing as little pain as 
 possible, and dislikes to see animals tortured. 
 
 Average, does not willingly give pain to the feelings 
 of others, or to animals, will require great excitement to 
 become severe in word or deed, and then, it will be only 
 momentary — will rarely feel disposed to revenge ; and 
 lack the power to be sufficiently severe, to command re- 
 spect from others. With only average Combat.^ Firm, 
 and Self-Esteem, will be too easy with animals and men, 
 to govern the one, or claim and maintain personal rights 
 with the other, and be likely to be imposed upon by the 
 selfish and overbearing. With large Caution, Secret., 
 Consci., Benev. and Adhes. added, will seldom show 
 anger, and be inoffensive, amiable and peaceable, and 
 too kind and unassuming to command respect, or exert 
 much influence in common society. 
 
 Moderate, will give back when closely pressed by 
 adversity or opposition, and lack efficiency to grapple 
 with 'Hhe ills that flesh is heir to;" cannot carry out a 
 
24 ALIMENTIVENESS. 
 
 well formed purpose, if the necessity to cause pain lies 
 in the way ; as a debater cannot exercise severity, even 
 against error; as a clergyman will rarely preach the ter- 
 rors of the law; as a soldier would sicken at the sight of 
 blood, and would never make a good butcher ; as a juror 
 would lean toward mercy and commutation of punish- 
 ment. 
 
 SiMALL, is too sensitive in view of pain, and has a de- 
 sire to relieve it, but i? too deficient in this faculty to car- 
 ry out such good wishes; seldom, if ever, feels resent- 
 ment or indignation; is too easily controlled by others, 
 and so mild in reproof, that the word lacks force and 
 edge; seldom threatens others, and is not able to rise 
 above the opposition of mankind. 
 
 Very Small, is the reverse of efficient and executive, 
 in any thing; with large Combat., may threaten but wiH 
 never execute. If mankind waited for such persons tc^ 
 butcher for them, they would cease to use animal food. 
 
 8. ALIMENTI VENESS. 
 Desire for food and aliment in generaL 
 
 Located, just forward of the top of the ear. 
 
 Very Large. One in whom this organ is very large, 
 will think much of the delicacies of the culinary depart- 
 ment, and often count upon a rich dinner^ — will be care- 
 ful to provide bountifully for the table, and never die in 
 debt to the stomach. Will need to guard well against 
 habits of intemperance, in all its forms. 
 
 Large, will prize a good cook, or be capable of becom- 
 ing one ; will know how to season a dish, so as to com- 
 mend it to the appetite ; will use many condiments ; and 
 with large Philo., coax children by offering cakes, can- 
 dies, &LQ,. ; seldom forgets the dinner hour, or is absent 
 from duty on that occasion. 
 
ACQUISITIVENESS . 25 
 
 Full, will relish food and drink, very well ; but have 
 less anxiety on the subject than one wiihthe organ large ; 
 will take prudent care in respect to **what we shall eat, 
 and what we shall drink." 
 
 Average, can get along with, or without luxuries; 
 will regard quality more than quantity; is not dainty, or 
 very particular respecting food and drink. 
 
 Moderate, is indifferent as to variety, or luxuries; 
 eats to live, rather than lives to eat. 
 
 Small or Very SiVtall, prefers plainness and simplic- 
 ity, in drink and diet ; and will not be likely to become 
 intemperate, or make a popular cook. 
 
 9. ACaUISITIVENESS. 
 
 Desire to possess, the idea of ownership^ a propensity to 
 acquire^ to have, to keep. 
 
 Located between Constructiveness and Secretiveness, 
 and above Alimentiveness; about an inch and a half up- 
 ward, and forward, of the top of the ear, — on the naked 
 skull it is found at the anterior, inferior angle, of the 
 parietal bone. When large it gives great width to the 
 head, in that region. 
 
 Very Large. One in whom this organ is very large^ 
 sets a high value upon any thing which can be called 
 property: is eager to acquire, to lay up, to have and to 
 save; has a strong thirst for riches; likes to call things 
 inine; is reluctant to part with rhoney, or property ; is of- 
 ten close and penurious ; cannot endure profligacy, or 
 waste ; does business for its profit, and is arduous and per* 
 severing to make money. With very large moral organs, 
 and Appro, and Self-Esteem full; will be honest, as well 
 as eager in the acquisition of property; but if the moral 
 organs be only avcracre, combined with large Destrnct., 
 Combat, and Self-Esteem, the person will be hard faced 
 in deal; always want the best of a bargain, and get it if 
 «5 
 
26 ACQUISITIVENESS. 
 
 possible ; pay a small price for much service ; drive a team 
 beyond its strength ; make ungenerous exactions of la- 
 borers • rise early andttoil late, and make others do the 
 same, and with large Caution and Secret, added, will be 
 on the alert for thieves, hence use many precautions 
 and locks ; will often be suspicious that others wish to 
 cheat in trade, and will watch them closely ; and with 
 only small Consci., Self-Esteem and Appro., will lie and 
 cheat outright, and be strongly tempted to steal. 
 
 Large, manifests much anxiety to acquire, to have and 
 possess; feels a loss keenly and in business deals closely. 
 If the temperament be active, and ihe propelling pow- 
 ers strong, the person will be industrious and active in 
 business, and keep a close eye upon the ways and means 
 to acquire. With large Consci., will be honest, yet eager 
 for gain ; with very large Benev., large Hope, and moder- 
 ate Caution added, will be liberal in distribution-to friends 
 if Adhes. be large — to children, if Philo. be large, and 
 with a good intellect, and large Appro., to great public 
 enterprises, to the endowment of schools, and the like ; 
 and with large Ven., to objects of a christian character. 
 All those who have large Acquis., do not regard money y 
 and make it an idol. The hind of property which one 
 desires, is determined by the other faculties. Neither do 
 all keep money or property, who have the organ large ; 
 distribution being governed by the other feelings. Hence, 
 the scholar, (or one in whom the intellect rules,) acquires 
 books; — one with large Ven. and Marvel., collects the 
 antiquarian cabinet — with large Color, Ideality, Form 
 and Orderj seeks to acquire paintings, flowers, statuary, 
 &c. ; with Appro, large, desires dress, ornamental furni- 
 ture and showy equipage. Large Philo., will task Ac- 
 quis, for the benefit of children; large Aliment., to pro- 
 cure the indulgence of the table, or the cup; large Amat. 
 to gratify that desire. With very large Appro, and Self- 
 Esteem, will sacrifice money for office, station, great 
 name and dignity. If Caution be large, the person will 
 be prudent and saving ; Hope moderate added, will fear 
 coming to want, and cling still closer to what is acquired ; 
 will rarely run in debt, or fail in business ; will never let 
 
ACQUISITIVENESS. 27 
 
 go a sure and steady profit, for uncertain speculations, 
 and will often, through fear of loss, let good opportunities 
 for making money, pass unimproved. If Caution be on- 
 ly average, and Hope and Appro, large, will wish to do a 
 large, and splendid business, to make money on a large 
 scale, and hence will run headlong into rash speculations, 
 and be too careless of the small change^ the ^'little leak 
 that sinks the great ship." 
 
 Full. Acquisitiveness full, imparts to its possessor 
 frugality, economy, and a proper love of possession. But 
 if Consci. be deficient, will often discover the "tricks of 
 trade," over-reach in bargains, disregard the Golden, and 
 go by the Silver rule, i. c. get money honestly if conve- 
 nient, linot, get it. If Benev. be moderate or small, will 
 never be liberal to objects of charity, unless it be for the 
 purpose of making a show. If the animal propensities be 
 strong, will acquire money, and spend it for their gratifi* 
 cation. If the moral organs be well developed, combined 
 with a good intellect, and large Appro, and Self-Esteem, 
 will despise dishonorable means in acquiring property, 
 will be prudent and saving in business transactions, yet 
 manifest a generous liberalitv. With larae Ideal, and 
 Construct., will display a regard both to taste and dura- 
 bility, in buildings, furniture, and in the purchase of 
 property. 
 
 Average, looks upon money rather as a means than 
 as an end; is satisfied with the comforts and conveniences 
 of life ; and has but little ambition to be rich ; but if Ap- 
 pro, and Self-Esteem be large, will crave wealth for the 
 standing, consequence and display it will afford, and spend 
 money freely upon any thing which will feed those feel- 
 ings. With Hope large, and Caution moderate, will buy 
 what is wanted to-day, regardless of to-morrow; make 
 large promises, and be likely to get into difficulty in bu- 
 siness; lets little sums slip through the fingers; can make 
 money better than keep it ; and with the social organs 
 and Benev. large, will be free and generous to friends. 
 With Benev. small, and the social feelings weak, will be 
 
28 SECRETIVENESS. 
 
 selfish, and ungenerous, and although not eager to 
 acquire, yet will be cold and close-fisted. 
 
 Moderate, loves money only for the comforts which 
 it buys ; is not very eager to acquire, and is rather free 
 and liberal in expenditures ; does not make wealth a test 
 of respectability ; governs expenses by present pos.^essions, 
 rather than by a love of cash ; finds it difficult to keep; 
 is rather too free; buys what the other fnculties demand, 
 without much regard to price, and is hardly saving enough 
 to get along well in the> world. With only average rea- 
 soning organs, will get cheated in trade. 
 
 Small, will not be likely to accumulate a fortune, or 
 save one which may have been transmitted, and is too 
 indifferent to property, to lay up the necessaries of life; 
 with moderate Combat, and Caution, will not undergo 
 the toil, necessary to accumulate, but live as it were from 
 hand to mouth, and if Hope be large, will let to-morrow 
 take care of itself 
 
 Very Small, is reckless in respect to property and 
 business matters; pays no regard to price; feels in the 
 pocket for money rather than to labor for it, and when it 
 is empty, runs in debt; is always in debt, and generally 
 out of cash. 
 
 10. SECRETIVENESS. 
 
 Disposition to conceal and suppress thoughts, power of 
 mental reservation. 
 
 This organ is situated next above Destructiveness, and 
 back of Acquisitiveness. 
 
 Very Large. One having Secretiveness very large, 
 will be cunning, crafty and sly ; keep all plans and busi- 
 ness operations, from the view of others ; make private 
 bargains, and conceal all matters relating to self, from 
 the scrutiny of the world; with the moral organs large, 
 
SECRETIVENESS. 29 
 
 will not deceive others to their injury, or vary from the 
 direct line of truth; but with those organs moderate, and 
 Acquis, large, will be well versed in ail the 'tricks of 
 trade/ and take great pleasure in deceiving. 
 
 Large, has the ability to conceal plans; does not 
 speak what enters the mind, without first letting the in- 
 tellect judge of its propriety, or impropriety ; is non- 
 committal, and employs much art, in accomplishing plana 
 which need concealment ; with moderate Consci., will 
 tell a falsehood when the truth would answer the purpose 
 just as well: with large Acquis, added, will take imdcr- 
 handed means to acquire property; with large Appro. 
 and Self-Esteem added, will think much of the good 
 opinion of mankind ; seek popularity; esteem self highly; 
 be much offended when called dishonest, and after having 
 accumulated a fortune by lying, trickery, and false pre- 
 tences, will suffer no remorse. 
 
 Full, will be careful in the expression of thoughts 
 and plans ; can conceal motives; may use art for the pur- 
 pose of effecting something useful and necessary, but not 
 with the intention of injuring any one; with large Cau- 
 tion will often wear a cheerful countenance w^hen the 
 mind is troubled, and with a large development of the 
 moral organs, will not be deceitful or trickish. 
 
 Average, will not manifest much cunning or tact, on 
 ordinary occasions ; but if transacting business w hich 
 requires secrecy, will show considerable adroitness ; is 
 generally frank in the expression of feelings and plans, 
 and with very large Caution , will be more guarded in 
 action, than in the expression of thoughts. 
 
 Moderate, is candid, and always ready to give ad- 
 vice ; finds difficulty in concealing feelings and plans; 
 with large Hope, Combat., and Lang., and average Cau- 
 tion, will always be telling of schemes, and have a blunt 
 mode of expression. 
 
 3* 
 
30 SELFISH SENTIMENTS. 
 
 Small, is not inclined to practice cunning or art, to 
 accomplish ends; speaks in a blunt manner and by so 
 doinsf, often gives offence; with large Combat., Destruct. 
 and Self-Esteem, will be harsh and rough, in language 
 and manner, towards an opponent in debate, and in gen- 
 eral deportment. 
 
 Very Small, has no power to conceal feelings ; will 
 tell of plans and business operations, when they ought to 
 he kept secret; is not discreet in the expression of 
 thoughts, and lacks that prudence of language necessary 
 to general success in the common affairs of life. 
 
 €r€Blil§l II* Human, Moral and religious 
 
 SENTIMENTS. 
 
 These are of a higher, more ennobling and refined 
 character than the propensities, and draw a line, which 
 the lower animals can never pass. In proportion as 
 these faculties predominate over the propensities, the 
 soul soars in the empire of morality, virtue and refine- 
 ment ; but if these be deficient and the propensities strong, 
 there will be more of the mere animal, than human qual- 
 ities. The organs of these sentiments are --situated at 
 the superior portion of the head, and when they are large 
 it is high and broad ; when small, the upper portion of 
 the head is low and narrow. 
 
 Species i. Selfish Sentiments. 
 
 These faculties are superior to the selfish propensities, 
 although they make man selfish, and seek to promote his 
 individual advancement. When the religious and rea- 
 soning faculties are equally large with these, they combine 
 to elevate and perfect the character. They are located 
 together at the back part of the upper portion of the 
 head and when large give height and fulness to that 
 reofion. 
 
CAUTIOUSNESS. 31 
 
 11. CAUTIOUSNESS, 
 
 Sentiment of fear, circumspection, apprehension of danger. 
 
 This organ is located next above Secretiveness, and 
 backward IVom Sublimity, near the middle of each parie- 
 tal bone. 
 
 9. Timid Ladv. 10 Reckless Boy. 11. Mr. *^*^**. 
 
 
 I 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 pi^wHI^^^^^^^^R 
 
 Kl 
 
 
 nB^^^^^B^^feS^^I^^ 
 
 fj 
 
 
 ^^HH^^^ta^^Bl 
 
 
 M 
 
 
 BBBBMiBBBilHBBM 
 
 
 
 B^HWB[[||pBJB[i^^ 
 
 
 J^jBro^HB 
 
 
 
 11 Caution, very Irage. 11 Caution, very small. 
 
 Very Large, will be doubtful, and apprehensive of 
 danger, even where none exists ; deliberate long before 
 coming to a decision on any subject, and fail to enjoy 
 the present moment for fear of future ill ; with small Hope, 
 and a nervous temperament, will be subject to melan- 
 choly ; with moderate Combat, and Destruct. added, will 
 not attempt great things, nor set a high mark at which to 
 
 Note. Cut No. 9, the Tiniid ladij^ shows great height and 
 width at tl)e region of Caution, organ No. 11, with Firm, and 
 Consci. No's 14 and 15, also large. We find many females, 
 especially children, with this development. Cut No. 10, repre- 
 sents the head of a boy only seven years of ngo, whose head we 
 examined at Washington city in ld41. He had frequently pass- 
 ed out of the dormant windows of a three story house and chased 
 the doves to the very verge of the roof, without the slightest 
 signs of fear : to employ the language of his father,''he was 
 always engaged in some dangerous enterprise ; he never seemed 
 to have the sentiment of fear, or to comprehend even the mean- 
 inv of the term." Cut No. ]l,is remarkable for very large 
 Consci., No. 15, and very small Firm., No. 14. It represents the 
 head of a schoolmaster of Conn., who was noted for the most 
 scrupulous honesty, and the utmost indecision. 
 
33 CAUTIOUSNESS. 
 
 aim ; but with large Firm., Combat., Destruct. and Hope, 
 and large reasoning organs, will succeed well, and be 
 distinguished for circumspection, prudence, foresight, 
 and correct judgment. 
 
 Large, will always be on the lookout for danger, and 
 be very careful in action, and hesitate long before giving 
 an opinion; with Firm, large, will be stable in opinions, 
 when Caution is satiijfied that all is right, with large 
 Combat, and Destruct. added, will manifest prudence of 
 character, united with courage, perseverance, and stabil- 
 ity ; but with moderate Combat, and Destruct., will be 
 irresolute and timid. With Appro, and Ven. very large, 
 and Combat, moderate, even if the intellectual organs are 
 large, and the mind well cultivated, will be exceedingly 
 bashful, take a middle walk in life, and lack that force 
 and energy necessary to overcome those difficulties and 
 obstacles which always obstruct the path of man. 
 
 Full, has a good share of caution, and prudence, and 
 as a general thing, looks out for, and guards against dan- 
 ger, and makes provision for the future; with very large 
 Combat, and Destruct., will sometimes appear rash, and 
 careless, and with large Hope and Acquis, added, be like- 
 ly to speculate, and run risks in business; with Acquis., 
 Hope, and Combat, moderate, will seek some employ- 
 ment, which will yield a sure, and steady profit, and will 
 not venture much in speculation. 
 
 Average, has some care for the future but does not, 
 at all limes manifest sufficient caution to guard against 
 accidents ; with large organs of the propensities, and 
 large Hope, will readily embark on new schemes, and 
 enterprises, and pursue them with zeal and efficiency. 
 
 Moderate, has not much prudence of character; lacks 
 that degree of Caution necessary to guard successfully 
 against danger; is apt to be hasty and impetuous, and 
 with a good intellect, will take means to escape impend- 
 ing ills, by the strength of reason, but will not be fear- 
 ful or timid. 
 
APPROBATIVENESS. 33 
 
 Small, is heedless ; pays Jittle regard to the future ; 
 runs into danger when there is no need of it ; meets with 
 many accidents, and *'hair breadth escapes;" with large 
 Hope, will be habitually cheerful ; with moderate Con- 
 sci. and large Acquis., will always be engaging in rash, 
 and injudicious speculations, and be very likely to fail in 
 business. 
 
 Very Small, is exceedingly rash, and impetuous, 
 destitute of fear, and takes but little care for the future. 
 
 12. APPROBATIVENESS. 
 
 Sense of character, love of praise, desire of approval. 
 
 Located on each side of Self-Esteem, and back of 
 Conscientiousness. 
 
 Very Large. One having Appro, very large, values 
 character highly ; is keenly sensitive to the slightest 
 breath of slander; often feels ashamed when it is unne- 
 cessary; cannot bear reproach or ridicule ; is mortified 
 at small mistakes, or accidents in company; often asks 
 what people will think or say of this, or thnt act; and 
 will sacrifice personal ease, to please others. When com- 
 bined with large Caution and Ven., and only average 
 Self-Esteem and Combat., will be very diffident and 
 bashful in society, especially among strangers ; and will 
 fear to act lest some reproach shall follow; be tormented 
 with the fear of giving offence, of losing reputation, or of 
 being laughed at by others, and cannot be independent. 
 Men, having this organ very large, with Combat, and 
 Self-Esteem also very large, will seek office with avidity, 
 and claim it as a matter of right, and be proud, vain and 
 overbearing in office. With Self-Esteem, Combat., Con- 
 sci. and Firm, only average, Mill be controlled by the 
 popular will, right or wrong, and follow the fashion, re-* 
 gardlefes of any consequence, except personal popularity. 
 
 Large. One in whom this organ is large ^ thinks very 
 highly of character and honor; is fond of admiration and 
 approval ; cannot bear censure without pain ; is fond of 
 
34 APPROBATIVENESS. 
 
 making a good appearance^ and a favorable impression ; 
 is ambitious to be noticed and appreciated ; cannot en- 
 dure to be slighted, or neglected, and with large De- 
 struct, and Combat., will contend sharply for reputation, 
 and feel much bitterness towards the slanderer. With 
 large reasoning organs, will be ambitious to excel in in- 
 tellectual pursuits, and to rise to eminence among man- 
 kind, and with large Secret, added, will never acknowl- 
 edge faults, and when they are proved, will plead extenu- 
 ating circumstances. With large Acquis., will have a 
 strong desire for wealth, not only for its own sake, but 
 also for the distinction it affords: will boast of property, 
 and place it in a conspicuous light to make a show in 
 the world, and perhaps boast of rich acquaintances and 
 relatives. If the social organs be large, with large Lang., 
 Ideal., and moderate Self-Esteem ; will be extremely po- 
 lite and affable, and with large Secret, added, will have a 
 winning popular deportment, and the faculty to say and do 
 things, so as to please. With Consci. moderate and 
 Secret, very large, will often be guilty of gross immoral- 
 ities, yet keep a fair exterior, and perhaps for years, sus- 
 tain a good reputation, and with large Yen. added, will 
 make pretensions to religion, and for the sake of popu- 
 larity act the outward devotee to perfection, until truth, 
 reveals the arrant hypocrite, and displays the Pharisee in 
 all his deformity. Such a combination '*makes clean 
 the out side of the cup and platter, while within, they 
 are full of extortion and excess." But when Appro, is 
 large, combined with large reasoning and moral organs, 
 the person will highly regard character and the good 
 opinion of men, and be consistent and honest in all 
 things, and controlled by public opinion and fashion, so 
 far as it is laudable, and no further. 
 
 Full, is ambitious to please, and to excel in labor, 
 study, Sec, yet will not do or suffer much, to gain distinc- 
 tion ; with a good intellect, will prize temperate and judi- 
 cious praise without being vain ; will not be morbidly 
 sensitive to censure, and if Self-Esteem, Firm, and Com- 
 bat, be large, will take a straight forward, independent 
 course, and with large Consci. added, will do right, and 
 please self first, and be glad in so doing, to meet the ap- 
 
APPROBATIVENESS. 35 
 
 proval of others. With a weak intellect, and bad train- 
 ing, will be a *'vain boaster;" set a high value upon 
 dress, show, ornament, praise and popularity. 
 
 Average, is temperately fond of praise; and if well 
 educated, will seek for that approval v/hich arises from 
 good motives and correct conduct. Is not indifferent to 
 character, nor very sensitive in respect to the opinions 
 of others. If Self-Esteem and Combat, be large, and 
 Adhes., Benev. and Secret, moderate, will be too inde- 
 pendent and plain to secure general popularity; will say 
 harsh things to friends, and wound the feelings of the 
 sensitive, and although possessed of fine talents, will be 
 respected more for ability, than ease of manner and 
 suavity of disposition, and have many enemies; and if 
 Acquis, be large, will think more of money than of 
 friends or fame, and be close in deal, and very unpopular. 
 
 Moderate, seeks first to please self, and if the course 
 w^hich seems to be right meets the sanction of others, 
 well — if not, will not lie awake nights on that account; 
 is not troubled by fashion, or the public will, and vriih 
 large Self-Esteem, will study personal convenience, and 
 pay little regard to that of others, will take office or dis- 
 tinction with coolness, and feel insulted when flattered. 
 With large Consci. and small Secret., will often accuse 
 self, and acknowledge faults. 
 
 Small, thinks too little of character; will say and do 
 that which is indiscreet, and censurable. If the moral 
 organs and Combat, be large, will seldom, if ever, con- 
 sult expediency, but take a bold, fearless course, and do 
 what appears to be right if a whole world chides, and 
 every fashion is arrayed against it. With Ideal, and 
 Order small, will be careless in dress, manners, and gen- 
 eral deportment. 
 
 Very Small, is reckless of public opinion, and with 
 strong propensities, serves self on all occasions, and is 
 extremely unpopular, and needs very large moral organs, 
 to keep within the periphery of the civil law* 
 
36 SELF-ESTEEM. 
 
 13. SELF-ESTEEM. 
 
 Self -complacency ^ dignity, personal independence. 
 
 This organ is located on the middle line of the head, 
 adjoining, and backward of Firmness, at that point where 
 the head usually begins to slope backward. (See loca- 
 tion of Firmness.) 
 
 Very Large. One having Self-Esteem very large ^ 
 has much pride of character, and a high sense of personal 
 honor, and individual liberty ; w^illingly assumes responsi- 
 bility ; is independent in opinion; thinks highly of his 
 own judgment ; is fond of dictating others ; loill he his 
 own master and likes to be master of others. With very 
 large Firm., Destruct. and Combat., and a strong intel- 
 lect; will be morose, overbearing and self-willed, haughty 
 and tyrannical; easily aroused to an arrogant, indignant 
 tone of speech, and action ; will drive to "the high- 
 est seat in the synagogue" in spite of circumstances, and 
 in defiance of opposition, and become decidedly unpop- 
 ular. 
 
 Large, has much personal independence ; values self 
 highly; depends upon personal resources; likes to take 
 the lead ; never wishes to be second ; dislikes to be dic- 
 tated ; is disposed to lead off, and beat out a new, and 
 independent track for operations ; avoids any thing low, 
 mean, or degrading; says, and does, few trifling things; 
 maintains identity ; keeps aloof from those who are vul- 
 gar, thinks much of personal honor, will not be brow- 
 beaten ; aspires to say, and do, something worthy of j^elf; 
 takes a commanding, and dignified position in society ; 
 detests dependence upon others, or service ; cannot be 
 enslaved; ^venhows with dignity, and assumes a tone, 
 and manner, calculated to command respect. With a 
 good intellect, strong moral powers and an active temper- 
 ament ; will be worthy of confidence, and general esteem, 
 and with large Combat., Destruct., Firm., Ideal and 
 Adhes. added, will be a natural leader in society, and will 
 be looked up to ; and while respected for a high sense of 
 
SELF-ESTEEM. 37 
 
 lionor, weight, dignity and efficiency of character, will 
 be loved, and admired for talent, good taste, friendship, 
 and high moral worth. But if the intellectual and moral 
 organs be weak, combined with strong propensities, the 
 person will manifest a saucy, proud, overbearing, dictato- 
 rial demeanor, which will merit extreme unpopularity, if 
 not the hatred, and contempt of all mankind. If Acquis. 
 be very large, with large Appro., and only average rea- 
 soning organs, the person will think A?^ property is better 
 than that of others, and be always boasting of what is his ; 
 and what he can do, or has done, and with large Lang., 
 moderate Ideal, and Secret, added, will not only be a 
 great boaster and egotist, but his company and conver- 
 sation will be extremely offensive, and his conduct ridic- 
 ulous. 
 
 Full, sets a fair value upon self; desires to move in 
 an elevated sphere in society, feels a good degree of inde- 
 pendence in word and action, without great haughtiness. 
 If Combat., Firm, and Destruct. be large, and Caution 
 only average ; will be, when aroused, mandatory, digni- 
 fied, and self-possessed, and have much weight of charac- 
 ter; but with the above combination reversed, will shrink 
 from a test of rights and personal dignity, and be easily 
 tamed by one with large Firm., Self-Esteetn and Combat. 
 When Self-Esteem is full, combined with large Ven., 
 Benev., Consci. and Ideal., and /w// social organs, with 
 fair propelling powers; the person will take an elevated 
 rank am<mg men, yet will not be conceited, or arbitrary ; 
 will mingle dignity with condescension, self respect 
 with politeness, and while claiming personal rights, will 
 guarantee the same to others. 
 
 Average. Those having this organ only averngc, are 
 frequently in doubt which way to act ; often ask advice, 
 and are generally governed by it; may think very well of 
 self whe.i alone; but when brought into competition with 
 others, feel unworthy and small, and except Combat., 
 Destruct. and Firm., be full, or large, and highly excited, 
 will not come out in bold relief, (especially in public,) 
 in defence of principles, or personal rights ; but with large 
 4 
 
38 SELF-ESTEEM 
 
 Adhes. and Consci., will boldly defend the rights of 
 friends, and speak for others, better than for self. Pub- 
 lic speakers with this combination, feel embarrassed 
 when they rise to address an audience, but when called 
 out, and aroused, will sustain themselves, and go beyond 
 their own expectations, and that of their friends ; will al- 
 ways wish for a direct invitation to speak ; will fear to 
 trespass upon the attention of others, and think others can 
 speak better than themselves, and more to edification. 
 All persons having this combination, with large Caution^ 
 and only average Combat., will be bashful, and timid 
 among strangers, and even among associates will be re- 
 tiring, and fail to take the station in society to which 
 good talents, may entitle them* 
 
 Moderate, sets too low an estimate upon self; is not 
 proud, or self-confident; values self, temperately, without 
 undervaluing others ; has some dignity, yet is not officious, 
 and has not enough Self-Esteem to give ease and weight 
 of character among superior persons. Combined with 
 large Appro., will be free to associate with all classes, 
 and become familiar, and approach inferior persons with- 
 .out dignity ; will not strive to assume a commanding sta- 
 tion, or a dictatorial manner ; and with a good intellect^ 
 and large Imitat., Lang, and Ideal., and large social or- 
 gans, will become very popular with the middling classes^ 
 and be likely to rise to distinction upon the popular tide. 
 
 Small, has too little self estimation to assume a proper 
 station ; cannot keep aloof from inferiors, or command 
 their respect, or that of society in general ; is too free, and 
 familiar ; says too many trifling things ; lacks dignity, and 
 cannot control others, except by persuasion. With large 
 Caution, will be extremely bashful and timid, and with 
 large Appro, added, will be ashamed, and deeply embar- 
 rassed by trifles. 
 
 Very Small, has too low an opinion of self; dislikes, 
 and shuns responsibility ; gives an important opinion with 
 hesitation ; depends too much upon the advice of others ; 
 is likely to be controlled, and surrender rights ; is not re- 
 
FIRMNESS. 39 
 
 garded with reverence by society, and cannot force man- 
 kind to follow or respect him. Combined with large 
 Appro, and small Firm., will have no self independence, 
 and cannot hold an edge, or carry out any thing, where 
 the popular voice rises against it. With large Firm, 
 and Concent., may silently hold on upon opinions, but will 
 lack independence to assert and maintain them, 
 
 14. FIRMNESS. 
 
 Perseverance^ stability^ tenacity of purpose, S^c, 
 
 This organ is situated on the top of the back part of 
 the head, and is usually the highest portion in the heads 
 of males. Draw a vertical line from the external open- 
 ings of the ears, and it will cross the anterior portion of 
 Firmness. 
 
 Very Large, has extreme tenacity of purpose, and 
 opinion, is set and fixed, and reluctantly abandons 
 schemes and plans when once committed upon them ; 
 perseveres to the last in every undertaking, and with 
 average Consci., will not acknowledge an error, but pur* 
 sue the wrong, to gratify the will; with large Combat, 
 and Destruct., and moderate Ven., will be obstinate and 
 stubborn, but with a large development of the organs of 
 the moral sentiments and intellect added, will have that 
 kind of firmness necessary to true greatness. 
 
 Large, has a great share of perseverance of character, 
 and firmness of purpose and opinion ; is not easily diverted 
 from undertakings ; with large Self-Esteem, will be inde* 
 pendent in every thing ; with large Secret., will not man- 
 ifest to acquaintances and friends a wilful disposition ; 
 with large Consci., Concent, and Self-Esteem, will be 
 stable minded, and always pursue a straight forward 
 course; with Combat., Destruct. and Hope large, will be 
 very energetic, and never relinquish a pursuit, after hav- 
 ing fairly enlisted in it ; but with the above organs mod- 
 erate, will lack force and energy, while firmness of opin-? 
 ion may still remain ; with large or very large Caution, 
 
40 FIRMNESS. 
 
 will look upon all sides of a question, and deliberate lox\g^ 
 before coming to a decision, yet after having decided^ 
 will be firm, and fixed ; with moderate Concent, may 
 appear fickle minded, and perhaps often change one kind 
 of business for another, and at the same time manifest 
 much power of wiJi and purpose; with large or very 
 large, Benev., Consci. and Ven., will persevere in benev-* 
 olent enterprises with great ardor and honesty. 
 
 Full, has considerable fi^rmness of opinion, and fixed-* 
 ness of purpose, yet under great difficulties, will show 
 some want of stability and determination; with large 
 Combat, and Destruct., may be stubborn and obstinate 
 when excited; with small Concent., will be liable to 
 change of mind and lack constancy and stability in the 
 common pursuits of life. 
 
 Average, will generally manifest a good share of sta- 
 bility and firmness, yet readily yreld premises or opinions, 
 •and often ask the advice of others; may manifest will 
 and temper, if Destruct. and Combat, be large, and when 
 excited, contend for a short time with great spirit and 
 earnestness; with moderate Concent, added, will have a 
 temper like a whirlwind— one blast and it will be all over. 
 
 Moderate, is not tenacious of opinions, but readily 
 yields them, and pursues a course of life which has been 
 marked out by others ; is too easily ^'knocked off the 
 track," and may sometimes yield to temptation, knowing 
 it to be wrong ; lacks that firmness necessary to withstand 
 the enticements of the profligate and vicious ; with an 
 average development of the reasoning organs, and small 
 Concent., will be fickle and '^unstable as water." 
 
 Small, is subject to change of mind and purpose; 
 lacks constancy, and determination, and like chaff before 
 the wind, is carried forward by the breath of popular 
 opinion; with large Combat, and Destruct., may possess 
 force and energy, but lack stability and perseverance. 
 
 Very Small, is totally deficient in firmness and sta-. 
 
CONSCIENTIOUSNESS. 41 
 
 bility; manifests no decision or perseverance, and is ea- 
 sily led astray by the artful and designing. 
 
 Species II. Moral and Religious Sentiments, 
 
 Man is not only endowed with all the propensities which 
 are possessed by the lower animals, but he has a moral 
 and religious nature, which they do not possess. He has 
 an idea of a God, and moral obligation, and expects im- 
 mortality. Some few persons may deny this, but moral- 
 ity and religion are inseparable from the human constitu- 
 tion. These faculties are the foundation of all moral, 
 benevolent and religious societies, and point to the fulfil- 
 ment of the dictates of duty between man and man, and 
 form the connecting link between him and his God. 
 
 The organs of these sentiments are situated at the 
 upper portion of the head and when large the head is 
 very high from the eyes and ears upward, but when small 
 it is low. 
 
 15. CONSCIENTIOUSNESS. 
 
 Honesty y sense of justice and moral obligation. 
 
 This organ is situated on each side of Firmness, and 
 between Hope and Approbativeness, 
 
 Very Large, is strictly honest and upright ; suffers 
 much through fear of doing wrong ; censures those se- 
 verely who are dishonest ; has an excessive regard for 
 duty; will not countenance injustice or oppression in the 
 least degree; readily discriminates between right and 
 wrong, and is punctual to fulfil engagements; with large 
 Acquis., will be very eager to accumulate wealth, yet 
 honest in its acquisition ; with large Firm, and Combat., 
 will possess great moral courage and never shrink from 
 duty; with a weak intellect, and moderate Firm., will be 
 liable to be led astray by others, but when convinced of 
 the error will suffer strong compunctions of conscience, 
 
 4* 
 
43 CONSCIENTIOUSNESS. 
 
 Large, will be exact to do justly ; is a great lover of 
 truth and equity, and always intends to be upright and 
 honorable, when dealing with others; will not knowingly 
 cheat, or defraud any one, and believes that '* honesty is 
 the best policy" at all times ; intends to be punctual, but 
 with very large Hope, and average Caution, may some- 
 times promise more than he can perform ; but with large 
 Lang., Secret, and Marvel, added, will be liable to exag- 
 gerate when telling anecdotes; still, when reminded of 
 the fact, will show much penitence and sorrow and at- 
 tempt to reform, yet after many reproofs, will be obliged 
 to guard against the sin of exaggeration, and keep a 
 watchful sentinel at the point which is weak and easily 
 overcome. This combination shows why some persons, 
 who are considered perfectly honest in their dealings with 
 their fellow men^ are guilty of exaggeration, when rela- 
 tinor anecdotes. 
 
 o 
 
 Full, has a good share of honesty of purpose and ia- 
 legrity ; intends to be just in dealing with others, yet may 
 yield to temptation, and knowingly do wrong, but if such 
 should be the case, will suffer remorse lor the actj 
 with the organs of the propensities full^ will be likely to 
 maintain a reputation for honesty and integrity, and gain 
 the confidence and respect of the public. It should be 
 remembered, however, that with the above combination, 
 and a full development of the reasoning organs, the con- 
 duet of the person will depend much upon education, 
 training and associates, and will be equally inclined tow* 
 ards virtue and vice. 
 
 Average, has some right motives, but does not feel 
 much remorse of conscience, and believes that '"'every 
 man has his price;" with large Secret., will equivocate 
 and deceive : with very large Acquis, added, will over- 
 reach in deal, and be dishonest in the acquisition of 
 wealth; with very large Self-Esteem and Appro., will 
 strive to gain the character of an honest individual, for 
 the purpose of being popular, but will not be sensible of 
 
HOPE, 43 
 
 the injustice of evil deeds, nor care any thing about them, 
 if the community are ignorant of the facts, and bis char- 
 acter is not affected thereby. 
 
 Moderate, is seldom conscious of having performed 
 an unjust act; suffers little remorse for evil deeds: thinks 
 that there is no real honesty among mankind ; intends to 
 be as honest as the times will admit, and has a very obtuse 
 moral eye ; with large Ven., will show much devotional 
 feeling and worship from pure motives, and at tlie same 
 time be called hypocritical by the world, and by some acts 
 of dishonesty offend those who have this organ very large. 
 
 Small, discards the ^'Golden Rule,'' and pays little 
 regard to duty or moral principle, and never feels remorse 
 for crimes; with large or full Acquis., will be prone to 
 commit theft; with large Secret, and Hope added, will 
 lie, cheat and steal, and make promises, knowing that he 
 cannot lulfill thern. 
 
 Very Small, has no regard for the principles of hon- 
 esty and tnorality ; is unjust in dealing with others, and 
 with large Destruct. and Acquis., will be likely to mur- 
 der for gain. 
 
 16. HOPE. 
 
 The misernhle have no other medicine^ 
 
 But onhj hope. Shakspeark. 
 
 Located, forward of Conscientiousness, and outward 
 of the front part of Firmness, on each side of the top 
 of the head. 
 
 Very Large. One having Hope vcri/ large, feels a 
 buoyancy of prospect, which imparts at least an imag- 
 inary comfort ; thinks all will yet be well, even when 
 trouble and adversity howl around ; lives in the future; is 
 always expecting something better than present enjoy- 
 ments, and longing for its arrival, and frequently promis- 
 es self, and others, too much. If Caution and Causality 
 
44 HOPE. 
 
 are large, they will check hope, and induce the person to 
 lay a firm basis for expectations, who will be cheerful, 
 yet proceed with care; but if those organs be only full, 
 or average ; will build castles in the air, *'have too many 
 irons in the fire," promise much more than perform, and 
 perhaps get the name of dishonesty ; fall far short of de- 
 signs, and meet with disappointments, and reverses, yet 
 the ardor of pursuit will be increased rather than dimin- 
 ished ; with large Mirth, added, will be lively, gay and 
 merry; and with large Self-Esteem, will plan largely, be 
 enterprising, and feel confident of success ; wiUi large 
 Acquis, and full Marvel, added, will run risks in business, 
 speculate in lithographic city lots, &c., for the sake of 
 large profits; add large Adhes., will promise friends, en- 
 dorse for them&c, With Acquis, moderate, will let the 
 future take care of itself without present effort, and feel^ 
 that "sufficient unto the day is the evil thereof/' 
 
 Large, is buoyant and cheerful ; tramples present 
 troubles ; has bright views of the future; magnifies pros- 
 pects; diminishes difiiculiies; dismisses *dull care' and 
 ^smiles through a tear.' With a good intellect and large 
 Caution, will be prudent in business, and other undertak- 
 ings; attempt what appears probable; and with large 
 Combat, and Firm., will overcome impediments, and 
 master great enterprises. With the above combinations, 
 and Caution only average, with large Self-Esteem, will 
 assume bold responsibilities; lead off in advance of man- 
 kind, and generally succeed well; with large Marvel, 
 added, will lay stupendous plans ; promise largely, de- 
 sign to do, and attempt great things, and to the cautious, 
 appear reckless; will be angry if friends attempt to dis- 
 suade from any rash speculation; always has much unfin- 
 ished business on hand, and with large Construct.and 
 Appro., will study upon inventions to obtain great wealth 
 and a name. With large Benev. and Destruct,, and large 
 social organs, will be a good nurse to the desponding 
 sick, and always try to smoothe the path of adversity and 
 sorrow, by pointing to a bright and peaceful future ; will 
 feel consoled under losses, that the losses are no greater, 
 instead of sinking in despair. 
 
HOPE* 45 
 
 Full, is sanguine and ardent, in view of the future, 
 yet not intemperate in expectations. If the temperament 
 be active, will exhibit clxeerfulness without exhileration, 
 and seldom sink beneath difficulties. With a Bilious 
 Nervous temperament, and large Caution, will be sub- 
 ject to seasons of depression ; have dark hours and low 
 spirits, yet at times, be very cheerful. If Acquis, and 
 Marvel, be large, and Caution only average, will have an 
 enterprising, speculating turn of mind, and run some 
 hazard in business ; will credit promises and expect suc- 
 cess, yet if Caus. be only average, will hope more than 
 reason, phin too largely, and get into difficuhy, but if 
 Caution be large, and Acquis, and Marvel, only full, 
 prudence in business and conduct, will result, and with 
 large reasoning and perceptive faculties will be highly 
 judicious, and if the propelling organs be large, will be 
 eneriretic and forcible^ and accomplish much, and prom-^ 
 ise little. 
 
 Average, is temperate in promises to self and others^ 
 lives rather on the realities of life, than in the regions of 
 fancy ; strives by present effort to have future prospects 
 well founded, and moves on in an even tenor, neither 
 hoping, or fearing without a basis. If Caution be large, 
 will keep near shore, and sometimes feel depressed, 
 especially if combined with ill health, or a Nervous tem- 
 perament. 
 
 Moderate, will expect too little in reference to the 
 future; looks on the dark side of prospects; rmtst have 
 the approval of reason before embarking upon any thing 
 of importance, and if Self- Esteem be only average, will 
 seek, and value the advice of friends ; consult ])recedents, 
 and rely more upon effort, than luck or fortune; is pre- 
 pared to hear of losses and disappointments, and in 
 trouble needs much encouragement. If Caution be very 
 large, will hesitate and balance between hope and fear, 
 till good opportunities arc past; will magnify troubles and 
 minify comforts, and need assistance and help from 
 friends, to carry on business. With large Ven. and 
 Consci., and moderate Marvel, added^ the person wiU 
 
46 MARVELLOUSNESS. 
 
 feel that the earth is truly a vale of tears, and the future 
 will always look dark, and if a professor of religion, will 
 doubt personal acceptance with God, often feel con- 
 demned, and dread a future state, though perhaps in the 
 path of duty, and the road to bliss — reverse this combi- 
 nation, and the feelings and manifestations will be re- 
 versed. 
 
 Small, is not elated at success ; looks for, and expects 
 reverses and misfortunes ; is easily discouraged and bor- 
 rows trouble even in advantageous circumstances. "With 
 Caution full or large, will be subject to low spirits, and 
 indulge and foster melancholy feelings. Persons with 
 this combination, should avoid sedate society, pensive 
 books, or scenery of a mournful and gloomy cast. 
 
 Very Small, expects but little good, and looks upon 
 the future with fear and doubt, and never undertakes any 
 thing involving risk. With large Consci, and Caution, 
 will be timid and irresolute, and never act, fearing to act 
 wrong, and with large Destruct., has the combination of 
 a suicide. 
 
 17, MARVELLOUSNESS, 
 
 Wonder, credulity ^ faith, trust and confidence. 
 
 Located on each side of Veneration, between Imitation 
 and Hope. 
 
 Very Large. One having Marvel, very large^ is 
 eager to hear the news ; is excited with the highest pleas« 
 lire in reading of, or viewing strange phenomena; and 
 has no lack of religious credence or faith. If Secret, 
 be moderate, is liable to be imposed upon by taking for 
 granted whatever may be related, however mysterious or 
 wonderful. Large Secret, and Cans., however, will insti- 
 tute suspicion and doubt; yet accompanied with a strong 
 desire that extraordinary and marvellous statements may 
 prove to be true. If the intellect be weak, the person 
 will believe in omens, dreams^ forewarnings, &c, 
 
MARVELLOUSNESS. 47 
 
 Large. One with large Marvel., manifests a disposi- 
 tion to take upon trust many things which are not sus- 
 ceptible of demonstration by the senses ; has much natural 
 credulity or faith ; delights in the wonderful, uncommon 
 or astonishing in nature or art; likes works of imagina- 
 tion, and though known to be such, they will seem to be 
 reality; thinks much o^ authority and precedent ; is fond 
 of enterprise, renovation, new things, change and im- 
 provement; with large Ven., Comp., Event, Local, and 
 Form, will be fond of collecting antiques, minerals, and 
 curious specimens from the four quarters of the globe, 
 and with large Acquis, added, will set a high value upon 
 them. With a feeble intellect, will be superstitious in 
 religious belief, and in regard to lucky days, dreams, 
 omens and signs. 
 
 Full, is fond of the new and extraordinary, of reno* 
 vation, new buildings, new arrangements and improve- 
 ments ; has a mind open to conviction, and manifests 
 considerable credulity ; has a desire to investigate the 
 wonderful, and wishes that it may prove true ; is naturally 
 confiding and trusts in friends ; believes with less evi- 
 dence than many persons, yet is not blindly credulous. 
 With large reasoning organs, must have clear evidence, 
 yet has sufficient faith, to create that intellectual curiosity 
 which leads to investigation. 
 
 Average. One having Marvel, average, is willing to 
 hear and read both sides of a question, to weigh and in- 
 vestigate any subject, and U'ishes to believe every thing 
 which is susceptible of proof or legitimate inference ; will 
 often doubt, yet desire to believe; question propositions, 
 yet seek for truth. With very large Ven , Benev. and 
 Hope, will look upon the revelation, and prospect of eter- 
 nal scenes with high delight and active faith, and in 
 works of charity, expect the fulfillment of every promise 
 to the merciful* 
 
 Moderate, will yield to good evidence on subjects 
 which savor of the supernatural or extraordinary, and 
 with strong reasoning powers, disbelieve without it; be- 
 
4S VteNERATlbN. 
 
 lieves what can be understood and explaihecJ; is skepti* 
 cal and credulous at times, yet not rigidly so, unless Self- 
 Esteem and Firm.be very large ; dislikes did theories^ 
 and will reject them unities fourided on reason, or very 
 strong probability. 
 
 Small, has t6o little faith ; closes the door of the mind 
 against truth, unless accompanied with an overwhelming 
 Amount of evidence ; will reject probabilities ; dispute 
 analagous reasoning, and with Ven. moderate, will take 
 the ipse dixit of no person as evidence on any doubtful 
 subject, unless backed by reason and probability ; will 
 reject old customs or modes of thinking, and with large 
 Cans, and Self-Esteem, bring everything to the standard 
 of his own conceptions, without regard to high names^ 
 or musty records of human authority. 
 
 Very Small, is a downright skeptic : too narrow 
 and rigid in opinions; doubts almost every thing but his 
 own senses, and even ques:ions the truth of their asser- 
 tions ; will try to account for every thing on natural 
 principles, and reject all which lies beyond their reach. 
 
 18. VENERATION. 
 
 Reverence for Deity, desire toudore and worsMpyfoundu" 
 tion of religious feeling, ^c. 
 
 This organ is situated on the top of the head, between 
 Firmness and Benevolence. 
 
 Very Large, has great reverence for Deity, and when 
 engaged in religious worship, feels vivid emotions and 
 manifests much fervor in devotional exercises; wiih very 
 large Consci. and Firm., will adhere to some particular 
 form of worship; with large Adhes. added, will be fond 
 of social meetings for religious conversation and prayer, 
 and become strongly attaclied to brethren in the cliurch, 
 and despise nil professors of religion who are not strictly 
 moral and honest in all their intercourse and dealings 
 with others ; with large Inhab. and Concent., will have 
 
VENERATION. 49 
 
 strong attachment to place of public worship; with very 
 large Phiio., will have much anxiety about the eternal 
 happiness of children. 
 
 Large, is much inclined to respect religious institu- 
 tions ; thinks much of Deity as manifested in His works ; 
 has much devotional feeling, and treats with deference 
 and respect the aged, the wise, and persons in authority ; 
 with large Consci., will be honest in ail professions of 
 piety and devotion, but with Consci. moderate, will be 
 dishonest, and at the same time fervent in devotional 
 exercises; with an active intellect, will be fond of antiques 
 and the history of the ancients, and with large Acquis. 
 and Adhes. added, will lay up old coins, armor and arti- 
 cles of clothing and furniture which were once the prop- 
 erty of parents or relatives. 
 
 Full, is not remarkable for devotional feelings; pays 
 due respect, however, to religious institutions ; with large 
 Consci. and Benev., and average Combat, and Destruct., 
 will not ridicule religion, or those who make professions 
 of piety, and manifest an ardent desire to do good ; will 
 not be a "Sunday christian" merely, but be consistent 
 in 'Svord and deed ;'* with moderate Marvel, and Hope, 
 and large Caus., will have many doubts in regard to that 
 part of Revelation which treats of the supernatural, and 
 like Thomas Didymus, need much proof to be convinced 
 of truth. 
 
 Average, is capable of enjoying religious feelings, and 
 under favorable circumstances, will manifest considera- 
 ble devotion; with large Marvel, and weak intellect, vvill 
 be rather superstitious, but with large reasoning organs 
 and moderate Marvel., will worship according to the dic- 
 tates of reason, and be void of superstition and blind zeal. 
 
 Moderate, will not be likely to be very devotional, 
 or place much reliance upon creeds or forms of worship, 
 and will not bow the knee to any created object; with a 
 good intellect, and large Consci. and Benev., may have 
 some zeal, but it will be^'according to knowledge:"" with 
 
 D 
 
50 BENEVOLENCE. 
 
 large Combat, and Firm., and full Destruct., Hope and 
 Marvel., will be stable and firm, in religious belief. 
 
 Small, has but little regard for forms of religious 
 worship, or creeds of men ; does not admit any superiors,, 
 and pays little respect to persons in authority; with large 
 Consci., Benev. and Self-Esteem, will think more of mo- 
 rality and kindness, than of forms, creeds, or the opinions 
 of any man, or set of men. 
 
 Very Small, is wanting iri devotional feelings ; treats 
 those in office and power as equals; does not pay due 
 respect to the ministerial office; with small MarveL, will 
 disbelieve the scriptures, and with large Destruct., Self^ 
 Esteem and Mirth, added, will be profane, and ridicule 
 those who are truly pious, and strict in the performance 
 of religious duties. 
 
 19. BENEVOLENCE. 
 
 Kindness, sympathy, philanthropy, mildness of character^ 
 desire to see others happy. 
 
 This organ is situated oii the top of the front part of 
 the head. 
 
 Very LaRge. One having BeneV. very large, has great 
 sympathy for the sufferings and wants of mankind ; takes 
 great delight in relieving distress and rendering assistance 
 to the destitute ; with average Acquis, and Caution, and 
 large Hope, will dispense favors and blessings with a lib- 
 eral hand, and when objects of pity present themselves 
 and plead for help, will have an almost uncontrollable 
 desire to relieve their wants, and will often sacrifice pri- 
 vate interest to benefit others ; with large, or very large 
 Acquis., will not often be liberal with money, and on this 
 account may by some, be called parsimonious, but will 
 often do much good by attending personally to the wants 
 of the sick and needy, which assistance is, in many cases^ 
 preferable to money. 
 
BENEVOLENCE. 51 
 
 Large, has much benevolent feeling, and a strong 
 desire for the happiness of others ; takes pleasure in ad^- 
 ministering relief to those who are in want ; with large 
 Appro, and Acquis., and average Consci., will not give 
 liberally for any benevolent object, unless the praise of 
 men be thereby gained; with large Adhes., will be very 
 kind and obliging to relatives and friends, and take de-- 
 light in witnessing their prosperity and advancing their 
 interests ; with large Combat., will be brave, humane and 
 generous, and will not only feel for the sufferings of oth- 
 ers, but Howard like, visit in person the scenes of dis- 
 tress and suffering, and administer relief. With average 
 Acquis, and Caution, and large Adhes. and Hope, will 
 be free to lend money without good security, and be likely 
 to make himself poor, by acts of liberality and kindness. 
 
 Full, has a good share of kind and benevolent feeling ; 
 desires that others should be happy, and will sometimes 
 sacrifice private interest to benefit the public ; with large 
 Acquis, and Caution, will be rather parsimonious ; with 
 large Hope, Appro, and Self-Esteem, and full Acquis, and 
 Caution, will be liberal and kind to the needy and desti- 
 tute, and with moderate Combat, and Destruct. added, 
 will have many friends. 
 
 Average, manifests on some occasions a good share 
 of kind and tender feeling for the miseries of others, and 
 has some emotions of sympathy for persons in distress ; 
 with large Combat., Destru.ct. and Hope, and full Acquis., 
 will show acts of kindness by attending personally to the 
 wants of the sick ; with large Acquis, and Self-Esteem, 
 and very large Caution, and small Hope, will be penuri- 
 ous, and seldom give any thing for the support of benev- 
 olent institutions, or to relieve the distresses of the poor. 
 
 Moderate, is not much affected by the sufferings and 
 miseries of mankind ; may give his services, but will 
 curse those who ask for cash; with large Appro., will 
 sometimes be libera} for tfce p^rpose of being called 
 f),e^evolen^ 
 
52 CONSTRUCTIVENESS. 
 
 Small, is seldom kind to the sick or the needy ; pays 
 no regard to the sufferings of others, with large Destruct., 
 Acquis, and Self-Esteem, will be cruel, revengeful, mi- 
 serly, self-confident and overbearing. 
 
 VerV. Small, is destitute of sympathy, kindness and 
 pity ; does not desire the happiness of others, and lacks 
 mildness of disposition ; vi^ith very large Adhes., will man- 
 ifest strong attachment to relations; with Philo., to child- 
 ren, but will lack general kindness; wdth Acquis., Com- 
 bat, and Destruct. large or very large, and Caus., Compar., 
 Event., Consci., Caution and Yen. moderate or small, 
 will be more like a brute than a human being, and have 
 no hesitation in committing the most heinous crimes. 
 
 Species III. Semi-Intellectual Sentiments. 
 
 The office of these fiiculties is to elevate and refine 
 the feelings and improve the condition of man, to unfold 
 the beauties of nature, and adapt them to his purposes 
 and happiness. 
 
 20, CONSTRUCTIVENESS, 
 
 Construction in general^ the foundation of all mechanics^ 
 the poiver to manufacture. 
 
 Located forward of Acquisitiveness, on the temples^, 
 upwa^rd and backward of the external angle of the eyes. 
 When large, the head is broad and swells out at this 
 region. 
 
 Very Large. One having Construct, very large, has 
 an extraordinary talent to contrive and design ; intuitive-^ 
 ly detects error in things which are made, and with large 
 reasoning and perceptive organs, Concent, and Imitat., 
 is capable of becoming a mechanic of the first order ; is 
 passionately fond of viewing curious machinery, ingenious 
 inventions, and mechanical operations ; is possessed of 
 an inventive mind, and with large Hope and Appro., and 
 full Marvel., will wander in the intricate mazes of invent 
 
CONSTRUCTIVENESS. 53 
 
 lion, perhaps try to invent a perpetual motion ; will be 
 enterprising as a mechanic, and make improvements in 
 machinery, tools, &.c. 
 
 Large, has a strong theoretical mechanical talent, 
 ingenuity in building, altering, repairing, &c., and read- 
 ily discovers the mechanical uses to which things may 
 be applied, and understands the mechanical powers and 
 forces, well; with large Comp., Cans,, Imitat., Form 
 Size, Weight, Local, and Ideal., will be qualified for 
 an architect, engineer or master mechanic, for drawing 
 plans, making patterns, and working after those patterns, 
 Construct, and Caus., design the things to be made, 
 while other faculties give the ability to carry out, execute, 
 and practically apply the mechanical principles. Form, 
 gives shape; Size, the proper dimensions and proportion; 
 Weight, momentum and velocity ; Order, system of ar- 
 rangement ; and Ideal, gives taste to finish the whole with 
 peculiar elegance. Without a good development of the 
 perceptives, no person will be a good executive mechanic, 
 even with large Construct.; and without a large and active 
 brain, and strong propelling powers, few, if any, will rise 
 to distinction and influence in the mechanical world. 
 
 Full, has a good share of mechanical skill and inge- 
 uuity ; is fond of mechanical operations ; will try to con- 
 trive some better way, some labor-saving process to 
 accomplish ends ; takes an interest in viewing machinery, 
 and improvements in mechanism, and with large Imitat, 
 and perceptive organs, will make a good practical mO' 
 chanic, but will execute better than plan. 
 
 Average, is not a great original inventor ; may improve 
 machinery, styles, fashions, &c., already existing ; should 
 choose some trade or occupation, requiring but little 
 inventive talent. With large Hope, Appro, and Acquis., 
 may try to give to the world something great, but with 
 Caus. only full, will fail to design and complete any 
 thing of much importance; with large Imitat., Form and 
 Size, and good instruction, will be able to succeed well 
 5* 
 
54 IDEALITY. 
 
 in the less difficult trades, but will not, Fulton-like, strike 
 beyond the beaten track and win immortality. 
 
 Moderate, is not an independent mechanic ; will re- 
 quire a plan^ draft, or pattern to work by ; with very 
 large Individ, and Imitat., will copy well, and do what 
 he sees done ; will understand simple machinery, or 
 (when clearly explained) the more complicated, yet can- 
 not, unassisted, trace intricate machinery to its laboring 
 point, or readily adapt new mechanical arrangements to 
 accomplish the same end, but use the old tools and follow 
 the old way; may invent some simple thing, or make 
 slight improvements, but fail on large, original, nice ope- 
 rations, indeed will never make an attempt, unless Self- 
 Esteem be too large. With large Imitat., Form and 
 Size, will be able to learn the executive branch of trades, 
 and succeed well in ordinary business, but with only aver- 
 age Imitat., will be a bungler when out of the beaten track. 
 
 Small, will never be a leader in mechanical opera- 
 tions ; may learn to attend machinery, but be a poor hand 
 to keep it in repair ; with large Imitat. and perceptive 
 organs, may work with a pattern, but not without one, 
 and will be confined to one way of doing things. 
 
 Very Small, is rude in constructing and unskilful in 
 the use of tools. 
 
 21. IDEALITY. 
 
 Imagination ; sense of the perfect, exquisite^ beautiful, 
 ideal; the foundation of good taste, 
 
 -• Located above Constructiveness, backward and joining 
 Mirthfulness, and outward of Imitation and Marvellous- 
 ness. When large, the sides of the upper part of the 
 head, present a great fulness and width. 
 
 Very Large. One having Ideal, very large, has the 
 keenest relish for the beautiful and perfect in nature or 
 
IDEALITY. 55 
 
 art ; real refinement of taste and feeling, and dwells in 
 the regions of fancy and romance. When combined with 
 large Lang., Event., Caus., Comp., Combat, and Appro., 
 will be an orator whose beauty, copiousness and strength 
 of expression will command universal admiration. With 
 large social organs, and Mirth, added, will be highly 
 polished as a writer, either of prose or poetry, and mani- 
 fest an ease and elegance of manner and conversation, 
 which cannot fail to win affection and admiration. With 
 only average reasoning organs, large Appro., and moder- 
 ate Caution, will dislike that which is not romantic, and 
 neglect the more solid and useful, for the gaudy and 
 showy, alike in language, articles of dress, furniture and 
 equipage, and have much more taste than judgment. 
 
 Large, has an active fancy ; is fond of the elegant, the 
 finished and ornamental, of poetry, eloquence, polite lit- 
 erature, the fine arts, &c. With large Color, Form, 
 Size, Local, and Order, will admire paintings, flowers, 
 statuary, landscape views, either natural or artificial; 
 with large Lang., Event., Comp., Appro, and Hope ad- 
 ded, the person will use a glowing, elevated, metaphorical 
 style of speaking or writing; with large Adlies. and 
 Amat. added, will endow the object of love with super- 
 human refinement of qualities, and never admire one 
 who is not elegant in figure and manners, and like Burns 
 and others, will celebrate the idol of the soul, in ecstatic 
 song. As a mechanic, will desire to follow some trade, 
 embracing elegance of workmanship, and true taste and 
 finish. 
 
 Full, has good taste, but will not sacrifice every thing 
 else to beauty and refinement; values the beautiful, in 
 connection with the useful ; regards poetry and eloquence, 
 as well for its strength of thought and correctness of ar- 
 gument, as for its elegance of expression. With large 
 reasoning and perceptive organs, will be disgusted with 
 gorgeous eloquence, except as a vehicle of sound argu- 
 ment and correct principle. 
 
56 IDEALITY. 
 
 Average, is temperately fond of poetry, oratory, ele- 
 gance and beauty, but is influenced on this subject by 
 other faculties. With strong reasoning faculties, will be 
 pleased, if elegance and beauty of expression, are com- 
 bined with vigor and weight of thought, but will prefer 
 the latter to the former when they cannot be combined ; 
 add large Event., and as a speaker or hearer, will prefer 
 straight forward, convincing matter-of-fact, to the beau- 
 ties of diction, yet choose to combine both, the former, 
 always taking precedence. 
 
 Moderate, prefers durability to elegance; a plain, to 
 a gorgeous style of utterance ; values poetry mainly for 
 the strength of thought, love, devotion, or the truth which 
 it expresses, and generally surrenders ornament for util- 
 ity. If Appro, and Imitat. be very large, may seek for 
 show and splendor in dress, furniture, &c., but will lack 
 that refined taste in their arrangement which imparts 
 beauty; may load the person with finery, and the language 
 with swelling words, but both will be ill timed, deficient 
 in good taste, and fail to please those who have the organ 
 large. 
 
 Small, is so deficient in this sentiment as to be coarse 
 and unadorned in expression, and common place in all 
 things. With lar^e Cans., will prefer solid logic to rhet- 
 oric, and often feel disgusted with and reject, that which 
 is presented in glowing language ; cannot be a popular 
 orator, but will be stiff, dry and barren in style, though 
 the matter may be strong and sound ; with large Acquis, 
 and Self-Esteem, and only average Appro., will spend 
 nothing for show or taste, and censure those who do. 
 
 Very Small, is blind to the world of beauty, which 
 "Glows in the stars, and blossoms in the trees ;" 
 lacks that sweet string in the soul, that echoes to the 
 harmony and beauty of nature and art ; is harsh, coarse 
 and vulgar in every thing; may love ardently and worship 
 sincerely, or thunder in the pulpit or forum, but every 
 performance will resemble the rough block of marble 
 more than the polished statue. 
 
SUBLIMITY. 5*7 
 
 22. SUBLIMITY. 
 
 Love of the vast, the grand, the magnificent. 
 
 Sublimity is located between Ideality and Caution, 
 directly above Acquisitiveness. Draw a vertical line 
 from the openings of the ears, and it will bisect this 
 organ, which, when large, gives width to the upper and 
 lateral portions of the head. 
 
 Very Large. One having Sublimity very large, is 
 passionately fond of viewing or contemplating any grand 
 or sublime phenomenon in nature, the warring elements, 
 an awful cascade, loud crashing thunder, the dashing, 
 roarinor ocean-waves, a rucraed rock-bound coast when 
 lashed by foaming surf, the loftiest mountain's ragged 
 crest, and views any thing wild, and sublime, with feel- 
 ings of the highest ecstacy, and reads or hears with the 
 liveliest emotions, that poetry, or oratory which describes 
 such phenomena. One having Sub. very large, com- 
 bined with large Ideal., Cans., Comp., Event, and Lang,, 
 joined with large Combat., Firm., Destruct., Hope and 
 Marvel., will be an orator of the highest order, transport 
 the hearer with high-wrought bursts of commanding elO'* 
 iquence, arouse a tempest of passion and control it at will. 
 Such orators were Demosthenes, Cicero, Chatham, Fox 
 and Henry, and the writings of Homer, Milton Shaks- 
 peare, Byron and a few living poets and orators, strike 
 the same high-toned string in the human mind, 
 
 Large, admires speakers or authors, who manifest 
 energy, strength and fire, in their eloquence; enjoys 
 mountain scenery; contemplates with delight, the uni- 
 verse of worlds rolling in broad immensity, and reflects 
 upon the great Architect ot Nature, as a God of power 
 and glory. With large Local, and Cans., will love, and 
 succeed well in the study of Astronomy. If Caution be 
 large, will have a sense of danger in the storm, yet love 
 to hear the crashing thunderbolt when the danger is past; 
 with large Ideal, and Construct., will view the towering 
 domes of a magnificent edifice with extreme pleasure, 
 
58 IMITATION 
 
 Full, enjoys the grandeur of nature and art, but is 
 not passionately fond of the wild and majestic. If Ideal, 
 be full or large, will relish mountain scenery, and delight 
 to contemplate the beautiful vale beneath; with large 
 Color and Order added, will have a lively taste for the 
 diversified landscape embracing hills, vales, winding 
 streams, villas and lofty mountains in the back ground. 
 As a speaker or hearer, will be pleased with strength, 
 vigor and beauty of expression, now rising to consult the 
 sublimity of nature, then stooping to the tender, the re- 
 fined and beautiful^ 
 
 Average, is not enraptured with sublime emotions in 
 viewing the objects described under Sub. large, and 
 uses but little effort to visit such scenery. If Destruct. 
 and Firm, be large, and Caution only average, will not 
 be highly delighted or intimidated, or feel vivid emotions 
 in view of the sublime. With large Ideal., will prefer 
 the beauty to the grandeur of the world. 
 
 Moderate, has an obtuse conception of the sublimity 
 of nature, or art, and prefers the useful and arable, to the 
 awful. With large Ideal., will admire the tasteful and 
 exquisite, to the exclusion of the vast, and with large 
 Lang, added, will write or speak with ease and ele- 
 gance, rather than power, and prefer poetry whose soft 
 and dulcet strain is more like the gurgling stream than 
 the thundering waterfall. 
 
 Small or Very Small, is wanting in capacity to en- 
 joy any thing which is sublime, and views descriptions of 
 that character, as mere bombast. 
 
 23. IMITATION. 
 
 Ability to copy and make after a pattern, 'power of imi^ 
 tatiug the manners and gestures of others. 
 
 This organ is located on each side of Benevolence, 
 aod next forward of Marvellousness. 
 
IMITATION. 59 
 
 VerV Large. One having Imitat.vcr^ Zar^e, has very 
 great imitative powers, and readily copies the manners 
 and gestures of others; can act out the feelings, and make 
 a person know, from the natural language of the organs, 
 or expression of countenance, without saying a word, the 
 ideas wished to be conveyed; with large Combat., De- 
 struct., Secret, and a good intellect, will have a theatrical 
 talent ; with large Construct., Form and Size, will be 
 capable of excelling in chirography and mechanics. 
 
 Large, has a natural talent to work after a pattern, and 
 can easily imitate the style and manner of others; with 
 moderate Caution, and large Combat.. Destruct. and 
 Mirth, will make many gestures when talking; with large 
 Comp., Event, and Lang, added, will, in relating anec- 
 dotes, tell them in such a manner as to excite laughter and 
 gain the attention of the hearer ; with Form, Size, Con- 
 struct, and Ideal, large, will have the ability to excel in 
 sketching and drawing, and with large Color added, can 
 succeed well in painting; with Tune large, will imitate 
 the brogue of the Irish, Dutch, Scotch, French, &/C., 
 and the natural language of various beasts. 
 
 Full, does many things by imitation ; can copy and 
 make after a pattern tolerably well, and manifests a fair 
 share of imitative talent; with full Construct., and large, 
 or very large Form and Size, will succeed well as a me- 
 chanic, and work with, or without a pattern ; but with 
 those organs moderate or small, will not succeed in any 
 trade which requires ingenuity and skill. 
 
 Average, has some, but not great ability to imitate, 
 copy, or make after a pattern ; in relating stories, will be 
 original in manner ; with large Combat., and moderate 
 Caution, may make some gestures, but they will be made 
 in a style peculiar to self; with average Mirth., may get 
 credit among the lower classes for wit, when in reality 
 it is nothing but oddity. 
 
 Moderate, is not skilful in working from patterns; has 
 but little power to imitate the manners or gestures of 
 
60 MIRTHFULNESS. 
 
 Others; has a mode of relating anecdotes, different from 
 any body else; with large Combat, and .full Mirth., and 
 a strong and well cultivated intellect, will, as a public 
 speaker, gain the attention of auditors by the boldness, 
 singularity, and oddity of manner and expression, and 
 please a popular assembly. 
 
 Small, takes no delight in imitating the manners of 
 others ; has no skill in copying ; is original in action, ges- 
 ture and manner ; and if a good mechanic, will be in- 
 debted to Construct., Form, Size, &c., for success. 
 
 Very Small, is averse to any thing which requires a 
 talent to imitate the works or manners of others ; has no 
 ability to copy; still, with very large Construct., Form 
 and Size, will succeed well as a mechanic, and in some 
 trades be able to excel. 
 
 24. MIRTHFULNESS. 
 
 Wity facetiousnesSy perception of the ludicrous and incon- 
 gruous. 
 
 This organ is situated outward from Causality, and 
 when large, gives a fulness to the outer angles of the 
 tipper portion of the forehead. 
 
 Very Large. One having Mirth, very large, will be 
 remarkably fond of wit and humor ; views every thing in 
 a ludicrous light, and is highly pleased with mirthful 
 stories ; with large Lang, and Event., will recollect, and 
 relate many witty anecdotes; with large, or very large 
 Combat., Destruct., Secret, and Hope, and moderate Cau- 
 tion added, would succeed well as a comic actor ; be for- 
 cible, sarcastic and severe in his mode of expression, and 
 very fond of making people laugh by his witty remarks. 
 
 Large, is much inclined to view things in a ludicrous 
 light, and turn passing incidents into ridicule ; often feels 
 an irrepressible disposition to laugh when and where it 
 would be improper to do it, enjoys mirthful company 
 
MIRTHFULNESS. 6i 
 
 remarkably well, and is capable of making much sport; 
 with very large Destruct., good intellect and average 
 Benev. and Consci., will be very sarcastic and severe in 
 argument; and with large Secret, added, will give many 
 ''sly jokes/' and still appear very sober; with very large 
 Cans, and Comp., and average Lang, and Event, will, as 
 a writer, be humorous, and often speak in such a manner 
 as to please the mirthful, and at the same time convey 
 some important idea ; in argument will hold up an oppo- 
 nent to ridicule ; with very large Caution, may be too 
 modest to give a joke till after the proper time ; but with 
 the same organs average, will be a ready wit; with 
 Caution very large, and Hope moderate, will manifest 
 opposite traits of character, being sometimes gloomy, and 
 at other times, very gay and mirthful. 
 
 Full, is quite fond of the ludicrous, and finds difficulty 
 in refraining from the use of mirthful expressions when 
 in company with those who are quick at repartee; with 
 Lang, and the organs of the perceptive intellect generally 
 small, will not be distinguished for quick sallies of wit; 
 but will sometimes give a *'dry joke," which will be 
 directly to the point ; with large Comp., Amat., Combat., 
 Destruct. and Aliment., and moderate Ven., Consci , 
 Ideal, and Cans., will be vulgar, coarse and harsh in his 
 witticisms ; make many obscene and witty comparisons : 
 and tell falsehoods, if by so doing some one can be held 
 up to ridicule, and thereby cause laughter and merriment. 
 
 Average, is rather mirthful, and fond of making sport, 
 but has not a keen perception of the ludicrous ; likes a 
 good joke well, but is not always ready to give one ; with 
 moderate, or small Imitat., and large Combat., Lang, 
 and Comp., will say many odd things which will make 
 sport and pass among some persons for real wit. 
 
 Moderate, is rather sedate, and not apt to speak in 
 jest, or disposed to view things in a ludicrous light; w^ith 
 large Hope, and moderate Caution, will be cheerful, but 
 6 
 
62 INTELLECTUAL FACtLTIES. 
 
 not witty or fond of laughter; with only average Catig^^ 
 and Comp., and large Appro., will be much displeased 
 if a joke is given at his expense, and with large Combat, 
 added ; will manifest a high degree of temper when ridi- 
 culed, and from this fact, many who have large Mirth., 
 will take delight in teasing him, for the purpose of grati- 
 fying their own fun making disposition. 
 
 Small, has a sober turn of mind; is displeased with 
 those who make sport out of every passing incident, and 
 will not succeed in attempting to give jokes ; with very 
 large Appro., will shrink under the keen sting of ridicule, 
 and be angry with those who indulge sportive raillery 
 against him; with large Combat., Destruct. and Self- 
 Esteem added, will be likely to resort to blows when 
 ridiculed. 
 
 Very Small, has a want of perceiving the ludicrous^j^ 
 and is destitute of mirthful feeling; with large Consci., 
 Ven. and Caution, and moderate Hope, will be very grave^ 
 gloomy and sedate, and be poor company for the mirthful. 
 
 Order II. Intellectual Faculties. 
 
 These faculties observe phenomena, and reason upon 
 the whole physical and metaphysical world, and consti- 
 tute what is called intellect^ understanding ox judgment^ in 
 contradistinction from the feeling or emotions produced 
 by the other faculties: and serve to enlighten and direct 
 the feelings. They impart that thirst for information, 
 that desire to hnow^ that power to observe, remember, 
 classify and reason, which makes man an intelligent and 
 progressive being. 
 
 CreUllS I. Perceptive Faculties. 
 
 These bring man into connection with the materia! 
 world, and serve as a medium of communication to the 
 other faculties. 
 
INDIVIDUALITT. 63 
 
 Species !• External Senses; 
 
 They are Sensation, 
 Sight, 
 
 By these, the mind gains knowl- 
 edge of external things, and the 
 Hearino, y internal faculties receive these 
 Taste, j materials and from them, form 
 
 Smell. j ideas of surrounding objects. 
 
 Species M, Observing and knowing faculties. 
 
 These faculties gather information, criticise surround- 
 ing objects, analyze the intrinsic qualities of material 
 substances, observe general phenomena, impart correct 
 practical judgment, and collect materials for the use of 
 the higher faculties. These organs are located above 
 and about the eyes, in the lower part of the forehead, 
 4and when large, give prominence and width to the head 
 at that region. A receding forehead is produced by 
 large observing organs, and is favorable to superior prac- 
 tical talent. Adams, Calhoun, Clay and Preston are 
 examples. 
 
 25. INDIVIDUALITY. 
 
 Power of observation y desire to see things as mere individ- 
 ual existences. 
 
 This organ is located at the root of the nose, and when 
 large, gives width between the arches of the eyes, and 
 forward prominence. 
 
 Very Large. One having Individ, very large, has 
 very great observing powers, and manifests an intense 
 desire to see every thing that comes within the sphere of 
 observation, and when traveling, lets nothing escape no- 
 tice or scrutiny ; with large Event, and moderate Cans., 
 will be a real starer, observe more than reflect, be very 
 superficial in information, and have a good memory of 
 that which comes under his observation. 
 
 Large, has a strong desire to see every thing within 
 
64 INDiriDUALITr. 
 
 the range of vision ; takes great delight in the mere exam- 
 ination of objects ; with large Event., Compar. and Time, 
 and an active temperament, will be qualified to excel in 
 the study of the natural sciences; with large Lang, added^ 
 will not only have a strong thirst for information, but a 
 talent to impart instruction to others ^ with very large 
 Caus. added, will first notice objects closely, found prem- 
 ises upon the sure basis of facts, and then reason from 
 them, and like Franklin and Gall be qualified to make 
 discoveries in science. 
 
 Full, is generally quite observing; notices objects in 
 bold relief without descending to details and particulars 
 unless the objects are connected with the business or in- 
 terest of the person; with very large Caus., will often^ 
 when traveling, see an object, and while reflecting upon 
 it, pass many things without notice ; with large Event* 
 added, will know much of a few things, or subjects, rath- 
 er than a little of many; with small Event, and Lang., 
 will not be qualified for a general scholar, or excel in any 
 one science. 
 
 Average, is not a very minute observer of things in 
 general, and does not possess the power necessary to 
 acquire knowledge of existing objects with facility ; with 
 large reasoning organs, will gain information from books* 
 and reflection more than by observation. 
 
 Moderate, will fail to notice objects minutely, and 
 when traveling will let many things escape observation; 
 with moderate Event., will, on entering a room, observe 
 the general appearance of furniture, &c., but after leaving 
 it, will be able to give only a vague description of its 
 contents. 
 
 Small, has very feeble powers of observation ; gains 
 knowledge slowly, and when traveling, will pass many 
 objects unnoticed, although they may be conspicuous ; 
 with full Caus. and Event., will be able to gain some 
 knowledge from books, but be deficient in general infor-> 
 mation and practical ability. 
 
FORM. 65 
 
 Very Small, notices but few objects when traveling; 
 has no talent to acquire knowledge by observation ; feels 
 his way through the world, and if all the rest of the intel- 
 lectual organs be large, will fail to become a distinguished 
 scholar in the natural sciences. 
 
 26. FORM. 
 
 Idea of configuration, power of recollecting models, coun," 
 tenances, family resemblances , Sfc. 
 
 This organ is situated near the inner angles of the eyes, 
 and when large, causes great width between them. 
 
 Very Large. One having Form very large, has an 
 extraordinary memory of shapes, form and configuration, 
 is very fond of viewing any object, the form of which is 
 beautiful; with large Individ., will be very observing of 
 persons, and never forget the countenances of those once 
 seen ; with very large Lang, and Size, will have the ability 
 to become a good reader, and deliver a written discourse 
 well before a public assembly. 
 
 Large, will have the ability to judge of the configura- 
 tion of objects with great accuracy and has a good mem- 
 ory of countenances ; with large Individ, and Comp., will 
 readily detect slight differences in the shape of objects; 
 with very large Size added, with point out with great 
 accuracy the want of resemblance and size of two articles 
 intended to have been made alike ; with large Individ., 
 Comp., Event, and Local., will be able to excel in anato- 
 my, mineralogy, geography, &:c. 
 
 Full, has a tolerable good memory of the shape of 
 objects, and of persons' countenances ; with very large 
 Construct., Size, Imitat., Color, Comp. and Ideal., will 
 succeed well in drawing and painting; with large Individ. 
 and Local, added, will be fond of beautiful landscapes; 
 with large Lang, and Event, added, will have the ability 
 to describe natural scenery in minute detail, and of excel-; 
 ling in the natural sciences. 
 6* 
 
66 SIZE. 
 
 Average, will find it necessary to spend considerable 
 time with strangers to recollect their countenances; has 
 only a fair talent to judge of the configuration of objects, 
 and will never excel as a mechanic without the aid of 
 patterns. 
 
 Moderate, cannot recal to mind the countenances 
 even of intimate friends, and when meeting them after a 
 few years' absence, will recognize those only, who have 
 strongly marked features ; with moderate Individ., will 
 miscall many words when reading, and never excel in 
 orthography. 
 
 Small, has a very poor memory of countenances ; 
 cannot retain the shape of objects with any degree of ac- 
 curacy, and often shakes hands with persons whom he 
 cannot recognize. 
 
 Very Small, forgets the countenances of familiar 
 acquaintances ; cannot recognize old neighbors after a 
 short absence from them, and has no idea of the features 
 of absent relatives and friends. 
 
 2 7. SIZE. 
 
 Power to judge of magnitude, distance, height, depth, Sfc. 
 
 This organ is located outward from Individuality. 
 
 Very Large. One having this organ very large^ has 
 a keen, and ready perception of the magnitude of objects ; 
 can determine with great accuracy, the distance of places, 
 or things ; the height of a house, room or tree ; can divide 
 things into equal parts without measuring ; tell the centre 
 of objects, such as a line, square, or circle; in drawing, 
 get the true, the relative, or comparative size of the 
 thing sketched; and do it by the eye, with great precision. 
 
 Large, The organ of size large^ imparts a talent to 
 judge of the magnitude, bulk, distance, and height of 
 things very accurately by the eye ; the person will succeed 
 
WEIGHT. 67 
 
 well ccBteris paribus, in such arts as require good judg- 
 ment of magnitude; and will usually be able to calculate 
 ordinary things without measurement ; or detect the errors 
 of measurement with the eye ; is a good judge of size and 
 proportion in respect to buildings, men, cattle, horses, 
 &c. When combined with large Order and Ideal., 
 will arrange tools, furniture, books, minerals and curios- 
 ities, with due regard to neatness, beauty and proportion 
 of size, of the things arranged. 
 
 Full, is able to calculate size and distance ; to make, 
 compare and arrange things, where judgment of magni- 
 tude is concerned, with a fair degree of accuracy ; and 
 with large Weight added, will judge by the eye of the 
 weight of animals, men and things tolerably well. 
 
 Average, can judge of size and distance, and measure, 
 height, depth, &c., with the eye, to some extent, yet will 
 choose to trust to some rule — cannot carry the dimensions 
 of machines, buildings, garments, men, or animals, in the 
 memory, so as to decide with critical accuracy, in respect 
 to the relative size of a present, with an absent object. 
 
 Moderate, will fail to measure correctly by the eye, 
 the height of mountains, buildings and distances, or the 
 size of men, animals or other objects ; and can only ob- 
 tain a tolerable amount of skill in this respect, by long 
 and persevering practice — as a mechanic or artist, will 
 trust to the rule ; will judge and then measure, and if a 
 mistake occurs in measurement, will not readily detect it 
 by the eye. 
 
 Small or Very Small, judges very inaccurately of 
 absolute or relative size, length and distance, and will 
 place no reliance upon the judgment, in such matters. 
 
 28. WEIGHT. 
 
 The perception and application of the principles of specific 
 
 gravity, momentum^ force and resistance ; of that 
 
 quality of matter called imponderability. 
 
68 WEIGHT. 
 
 This organ is located on the arch of the eye-brow, out- 
 ward of Size. When large, it gives a squareness, and a 
 kind of frowning appearance to the brow, with great 
 prominence to this part of the arch of the eye. 
 
 Very Large. One having the organ of weight very 
 large, is capable of preserving the true balance of the 
 body in any position ; will judge with critical accuracy of 
 the specific gravity of bodies, and the power necessary to 
 propel them ; and whether buildings, trees, masts, stee- 
 ples, furniture, mirrors, maps or pictures are perpendicu- 
 lar ; and feel uneasy if the law of gravitation is violated 
 in the least degree. 
 
 Large, judges very correctly of the weight of animals, 
 men and things, also whether things are reclining ; is 
 offended with leaning statuary, a stooping man, house, 
 fence, steeple, tree, or any thing which ought to be per- 
 pendicular ; has good judgment of weight and resistance; 
 can balance the body on horseback, and if a man, will 
 throw a ball, stone or quoit well, or become a good 
 marksman with little practice. 
 
 Full, can judge tolerably well of specific gravity, keep 
 a balance, &/C.; will notice if things are not perpendicu- 
 lar, or level, but lack nice perception, and mathemati- 
 cal certainty in this respect. 
 
 Average, has not enough of this faculty to judge with 
 accuracy of weight, resistance, momentum and perpen- 
 dicularity; will notice if things are very much leaning, 
 but is not pained at a slight variation ; will frequently 
 trip and lose the balance of the body, and if Caution be 
 large, and Combat, and Appro, moderate, will venture 
 very little in the way of climbing. 
 
 Moderate, will require much practice to judge with 
 any degree of correctness, of gravity and perpendiculars ; 
 will stumble and trip easily, and venture upon high and 
 difficult places, only from imperious necessity, and bal- 
 ance poorly. 
 
COLOR. 6y 
 
 Small or Very Small, is the reverse of what is de- 
 scribed under Weight very large. 
 
 29. COLOR. 
 
 Perception of primary colors, their shades and blending s. 
 
 This organ is located at the centre of the arch of the 
 eye-brow, and when large, gives great upward and for- 
 ward arching to it. 
 
 Very Large. One having the organ of Color very 
 large f is a great observer and lover of colors; a good judge 
 of the nicer shades and blendings of shades; and with 
 large Imitat., Form, Size, Weight and Ideal., is capable 
 of drawing and painting with extraordinary skill, and 
 will be fond of cultivating flowers and collecting paint- 
 ings, shells, &.C., for the beauty of their colors. 
 
 Large, has a ready and clear perception of the nice 
 shades and blendings of colors, and is quite observing of 
 the color of the hair, eyes and dress of persons; has the 
 faculty to combine and compare colors with skill and 
 detect errors in paintings; will manifest good taste in 
 the selection of goods where color is a valuable quality, 
 and with practice, would become a good colorist. 
 
 Full, possesses a tolerable amount of talent to observe, 
 discriminate and judge of the primitive colors, and with 
 practice, will be able to harmonize and blend them with 
 some, but not great skill : in painting, will use bold col- 
 ors, and with large Ideal., will be as fond of mezzotint or 
 Daguerreotype pictures, as colored paintings. 
 
 Average, can distinguish colors and recollect them 
 by giving particular attention, but is not very observing 
 of complexion, the color of the dress of persons, &c. If 
 Form, Size, Order and Ideal, be large, will notice the 
 figure, proportion and delicacy of a person or picture, 
 flower^ dry goods or animals, more than their color, 
 
70 
 
 ORDER. 
 
 Moderate, seldom notices colors, unless the attention 
 is directed to them by business, interest, or some singu- 
 larity, such as a spotted horse, ox or bird , will suffer 
 ordinary colors, to pass without a thought ; with Ideal, 
 and the perceptive organs large, will be fond of pictures 
 and flowers, but other qualities more than color, will be 
 the foundation of admiration. 
 
 Small or Very Small, can never excel in judging of 
 colors, even w^ith practice ; may tell black from white ; 
 an African from an European; but sees little difference 
 in colors, or their blendings. 
 
 30. ORDER. 
 
 Love of arrangement ; desire to have things in their prop- 
 er places. 
 
 This organ is situated between Color and Number ^^at 
 the external corner of the eye, and beneath the origin of 
 the superciliary ridge." 
 
 Very Large. One having this organ very large^ is 
 extremely precise and systematic in arranging clothing, 
 tools, books, &.C.; keeps every thing in its proper place, 
 is very uneasy in viewing disorder, and in many things is 
 over-nice. One having Order very large, combined with 
 moderate or average Ideal, and Caution, will not be very 
 particular about personal neatness ; with large Appro, 
 added will keep the **outside of the cup and platter" 
 clean, and use a great deal of finery to cover up a slov- 
 enly person. 
 
 Large, likes good order and arrangement in all things ; 
 can usually find clothing, tools, &-c., in the dark, if no 
 one has misplaced them ; with large Combat., and a ner- 
 vous temperament, will be angry at others if they do not 
 practice neatness, and keep every thing where it should 
 be; with large Lang, added, will be well qualified for a 
 scold^ and will be likely to use some harsh language 
 when things do not go right ; will be displeased with 
 
NUMBER. 71 
 
 domestics if they are not neat and tidy, and with small 
 Secret., be so blunt with them as to give offence, and find 
 difficulty in retaining their services. 
 
 Full, is rather precise and systematic; values order 
 highly, and generally keeps things in their proper places. 
 With large Ideal. ^ will be quite neat and particular ; with 
 very large Local, will have a particular place for clothing, 
 books, &c. With large Inhab., will want a particular 
 seat at the table and fireside. 
 
 Average, has an average share of order and love of 
 arrangement ; likes to see things iti their proper places, 
 but does not always keep them so ; is not fastidious or 
 over-nice; with large Ideal, and Appro., will be neat in 
 dress and personal appearance, and exhibit more taste 
 than systematic arrangement in general business. 
 
 Moderate, will not appreciate order, or in general 
 arrangement keep things as they should be ; has some 
 order, but more disorder, in respect to keeping clothing, 
 tools, &c., in their proper places. 
 
 Small, is not troubled if things are out of place, and 
 does not appreciate good arrangement ; in writing, will get 
 many blots upon the paper and fail to cross the t's and 
 dot the i's; with large Combat., Self-Esteem and De- 
 struct., and a nervous temperament, will scold at others 
 if they do not keep order, and at the same time lack the 
 ability to arrange things with neatness and propriety. 
 
 Very SxMALl, is not systematic, has no sense of pro- 
 priety in arranging furniture, dress, &/C., always leaves 
 things out of their proper places, in short, has a place for 
 nothing and nothing in its place. 
 
 31. NUMBER. 
 
 Ability to add^ subtract , multipljj and divide^ to count and 
 calculate numbers. 
 
72 NUMBER. 
 
 This organ is situated outward from Order, and a little 
 above the external angle of the eye. 
 
 Very Large. One having this organ very large, has 
 very great powers of calculation ; can reckon figures in 
 the head, with celerity and correctness; solve difficult 
 questions without the aid of rules; with a large develop- 
 ment of the reasoning organs, will have the ability to 
 excel as a mathematician ; with those organs moderate, 
 will succeed well in acquiring a knowledge of Arithmetic, 
 but not in the higher branches of mathematics. 
 
 Large, has the ability to succeed well in the study of 
 arithmetic; reckons figures in the head with ease and 
 dispatch: takes much delight in solving arithmetical 
 problems; with large Local., Form, Size and Comp., will 
 have the ability to succeed well in the studies of surveying 
 and navigation ; with large Cans, and Comp. added, will 
 be able to excel in the higher branches of mathematics. 
 
 Full, can acquire a knowledge of arithmetic with a 
 good degree of facility, and be able with practice, to solve 
 difficult problems, without the aid of a pen or pencil ; 
 with large Caution, will be slow, but correct in calcula- 
 tions, and with large reflective organs, succeed well in 
 the reasoning part of arithmetic, and in the study of 
 mathematics. 
 
 Average, has a fair talent to compute by numbers, 
 but is not very fond of the study of arithmetic ; with large 
 Cans., will be better pleased with mathematics than simple 
 numbering ; with average, or full Individ., cannot become 
 a rapid penman, and will be liable, when trying to write 
 with celerity, to leave out letters, or parts of a letter, or 
 put too many letters into a word ; with large Caution and 
 Order added, will write a stiff, but legible hand. 
 
 Moderate, cannot compute by numbers with ease or 
 facility ; dislikes the study of arithmetic, and will need 
 to study much, to be able to transact common business 
 that requires a knowledge of the science of numbers. 
 
t^OCALITV. 7S 
 
 Small or Very Small, is wanting in arithmetical 
 talent ; cannot learn the multiplication table, yet with 
 large reasoning organs, and an active temperament, may 
 be a philosopher, and possess sound judgment in every 
 thing, except the science of numbers. 
 
 32. LOCALITY. 
 
 Knowledge of direction, and of the relative position of 
 places and things. 
 
 This organ is located above Size and Weight, on each 
 side of Eventuality and Individuality. 
 
 Very Large. One having Locality very large, is anx-^ 
 ious to visit foreign places; desires to understand the 
 minute geography of different countries; has a clear and 
 vivid recollection of roads and places once seen, their 
 relative position, direction or location. With Inhab. 
 moderate, will be passionately fond of traveling, and 
 reading of travels, surveys, 6lc. ; never gets lost in cities 
 or forests, and can direct travelers well. 
 
 Large, is well qualified to enjoy traveling ; or fo pur* 
 s\ie the study of geography understandingly ; will retrace 
 the steps through winding ways without difficulty, and 
 seldom forgets the appearance or location of places once 
 seen. With large Number, Form, Size and Weight, will 
 excel as a surveyor, or navigator; with large Lang, and 
 Individ, added, will excel in describing localities; and 
 with large Ideal., Hope and Marvel, and average Acquis, 
 added, would like to travel the world through, to see 
 curiosities and examine the wonders of the present and 
 ruins of the past. 
 
 Full, has a relish for traveling; likes to get informa- 
 tion respecting nations, places and general geography ; 
 in listening to a fact or transaction, wishes to know tvhere 
 it occurred, and in relating incidents, is particular to tell 
 the place of the transaction, as well as the fact; always 
 has a curiosity to know where persons live, to find out 
 7 
 
74 gEMI-PERCEPTIVE FACtJLTIES, 
 
 the residence of strangers, &c. ; seldom gets 'Hnrned 
 around^^ or loses the point of compass ; generally recol- 
 lects the appearance of towns, direction of roads and 
 streams- the locality of mountains, buildings, places and 
 things. 
 
 Average, feels some desire to visit foreign places \ 
 has ordinary local memory, and requires strict attention 
 to recollect the peculiarities of places. With small Indi- 
 vid., will often pass places a second time without recol- 
 lecting them. With large Inhab., Adhes. and Acquis., 
 will travel only to see friends, or when interest demands 
 it, and will then travel in a cheap way. With large 
 Lang., will remember where things are situated by the 
 language used to describe their location rather than by 
 their absolute situation. 
 
 Moderate, \vill not be fond of roving, or remember 
 roads, places and localities, unless directed by something 
 of special interest. With large perceptive organs and 
 large Eventuality, will readily see things, and remember 
 all that he sees, but not be critical respecting their local- 
 ity. If Inhab., and the social organs generally, and 
 Acquis, be large, the person will travel only from impe- 
 rious necessity and turn the back upon the world and 
 say^ **There's no place like home." 
 
 Small, is liable to get lost when traveling or rather is 
 not disposed to travel at all ; with large Individ., Formp 
 Color, Ideal, and Mjirvel., will be fond of seeing the 
 curiosities which new scenes afford, but will have a poor 
 memory of localities. 
 
 Very Small, has a very poor geographical memory^ 
 and travels only from the urgency of business and the 
 promptings of the other faculties. 
 
 Sp€Cie§ III* Semi-^Perceptive Faculties. 
 
 The organs of these faculties are located across the 
 middle of the forehead j above the simple perceptive, and 
 
EVENTUALITY. ' 75 
 
 below the reflective or reasoning organs, and the facuU 
 ties in their nature are intermediate, those which relate 
 merely to the physical qualities of material substances 
 and those that grasp abstract relations and truly meta- 
 physical subjects. The perceptive faculties gather facts 
 and observe the phenomena of things as simple existences* 
 %vhile the semi-^perceptives take cognizance of their modes 
 of action, and remember what the others observe, and 
 transmit it to the reflective faculties, and thus the per- 
 ceptive and semi-perceptive faculties all combine, to fur- 
 nish data for the reasoning powers, 
 
 33, EVENTUALITY. 
 
 Recollection of facts, actions and occurrences ; power ta 
 » treasure up what the other faculties observe. 
 
 This organ is located in the centre of the forehead, 
 between the simple perceptive, and reflective faculties. 
 
 Very Large. One having Event, very large, pos- 
 sesses a clear retentive memory of facts, historical events, 
 anecdotes, what has happened, &c. With large Individ., 
 is very observing of things when inaction and motion, 
 and has a remarkable memory of such occurrences, even 
 in minute detail. With large Consci., Time and Local., 
 will be a good witness in courts of justice ; will remem*- 
 ber circumstances, and the time and place of their occur- 
 rence, while Consci., Vi'ill lead to the honest relation of 
 the facts. 
 
 Large, asks many questions ; seeks information ; has 
 a prying curiosity to find out and know ; remembers inter- 
 esting events without effort, and has the talent necessary 
 for a good historian. With large Local., will be passion- 
 ately fond of reading of travels and voyages, and with 
 large Ven. added, the biography of distinguished persons. 
 With large Firm., Destruct. and Combat., will like the 
 history of wars, and the rise andf all of Empires ; with large 
 Time and Local., will remember with accuracy the time 
 when, and the places where events occurred ; apd with 
 
76 EVENTUALirr, 
 
 large Lang, added, will remember the language of writers 
 used in the description of events, and be able to Gommti- 
 nicate those facts to others in a clear manner. 
 
 Full, is anxious to read and hear the news and to 
 gather facts; will remember leading events tolerably well, 
 but suffer minor matters, and less interesting particulars 
 to escape the memory. If Acquis., Time and Caution 
 be large, will have a good memory of business transac- 
 tions, and with large Consci. added, be punctual to fulfill 
 encfaofements. 
 
 Average, will require much effort to remember events^ 
 which are not important or interesting. If Acquis., 
 Philo., Adhes., Caution or Appro, be krge, will remen>- 
 ber what concerns the interest of the purse, what relates^ 
 to children, or friends, or danger, or reputation, and will 
 always require some aid of the other faculties to impress 
 upon the mind the recollection of events. With large 
 reasoning organs, will remember ideas and principles bet- 
 ter than facts. 
 
 Moderate, recollects important facts and events only, 
 or where interest is concerned. With large Mirth., 
 Imitat. and Lang., will remember ludicrous incidents and 
 anecdotes, and relate them welt. With very large Indi«» 
 vid.. Local., Time and Form, will remember places, dates 
 and faces, better than events, and recollect events in 
 detail, only by associating them with other appearances 
 and circumstances. 
 
 Small, lacks the power to remember facts successfully 
 even when interest produces a desire to retain; gains but 
 little knowledge from books, because he cannot remem^ 
 ber what he reads. 
 
 Very Small, cannot remember what daily occurs; 
 when a question arises, is obliged to reason out every 
 thing anew, and fails to profit by experience. 
 
TIME. 77 
 
 34. TIME. 
 
 Perception of duration, ability to recollect the time when 
 events transpired, . 
 
 The organ of Time is situated between Locality and 
 Tune, and above Color. 
 
 Very Large. One having Time very large, has a re- 
 markable talent to recollect the precise time when events 
 transpired, the day of the month, the hour of the day, 
 &^c., with great accuracy without the aid of a time piece, 
 and has the ability to become a good chronologist. 
 
 Large, has an excellent memory in respect to the time 
 when events transpired ; in relating anecdotes, will be par- 
 ticular to tell the time of their occurrence ; keeps good 
 time in marching, dancing, and in performing music ; 
 with large Consci. and Firm., will be punctual to the 
 moment to fulfill engagements, and wish others to do like-? 
 wise. 
 
 Full, has a fair memory of dates, and of the ages of 
 friends ; in reading history, will recollect the time when 
 important events have taken place, but will forget the 
 date of events of minor importance; with large Tune, 
 Event, and Number, will have the ability to become a 
 good musician, and keep correct time. 
 
 Average, is not capable of excelling as a chronolo- 
 gist ; cannot tell the day of the week or month, without 
 giving particular attention ; with large Event., will recol- 
 lect a circumstance much better than the date of its oc- 
 currence ; with large Local., Individ., Lang, and Form 
 added, in relating an anecdote will tell the circumstances 
 accurately, the place where and before whom, but forget 
 the time when it occurred. 
 
 Moderate, cannot recollect dates, ages, &c., or tell 
 the time i^Aen events have transpired, without giving great 
 attention ; has not the ability to excel as a chronologist 
 
 7* 
 
78 TUNE. 
 
 or to keep correct time in music; as a public speaker, 
 will clip his words, and speak one part of a sentence with 
 great rapidity and another part slowJj. 
 
 Small or Very Small, finds difficulty in recollecting 
 the ages of near relations; cannot tell the time when 
 important events have taken place ; fails to keep time ia 
 music and marching, and with moderate Number, will 
 forget his own age. 
 
 35, TUNE* 
 
 Sense of melody and musical harmoni/. 
 
 This organ is located forward of Constructiveness, and 
 above and backward of the external angle of the eye. 
 
 Very Large. One having Tune very large^ is very 
 quick to learn tunes by hearing them sung, and recollects 
 them without effort ; witli large Imitat., and average 
 Form, Size, Individ., Event, and Time, will dislike to 
 sing by note ; with large, or very large Ideal., will be fond 
 of soft and gentle airs ; with very large Combat., Amat. 
 and Mirth., will be fond of martial music, love songs, and 
 comic singing ; with small, or moderate Ideal, added, will 
 admire negro songs of a coarse and vulgar nature, and 
 prefer them to elevated and refined music. 
 
 Large, has a good musical ear and by hearing others 
 perform, can learn tunes with facility without the aid of 
 of notes; with large Individ., Local., Time and Weight, 
 will readily learn to perform well on the Piano Forte; 
 with large Benev., Ven., Hope, Marvel., Adhes. and 
 Ideal., will throw the whole soul into music, and perform 
 with great talent and melting melody; with large Com- 
 bat, added, will perform with energy, force and power. 
 
 *NoTE. Tlie organ of Tune occupies a small space in the head, 
 and is covered with the temporal muscles, and for this reason we 
 are not always positive respecting its size; and hence, in giving a 
 Chirt, we seldom mark the organ. In the naked skull, we find 
 ao difficulty on this point. 
 
LANGUAGE. 79 
 
 Full, is quite fond of music and can learn tunes by ear 
 with a good degree of facility ; with large or full Time, 
 Individ., Form and Numb,, will learn tunes readily by 
 note ; with large Mirth, and Hope, and average Caution 
 and Consci., will be fond of gay and lively airs; with 
 average Hope, and Mirth., and large Caution and Consci., 
 will be pleased with plaintive music, and be disgusted 
 with comic songs, dancing tunes and boisterous music. 
 
 Average, cannot readily learn tunes by hearing them 
 performed by others, but can discriminate between good 
 and poor music; with large Form, Time, and Number, 
 and much practice, will be able to play on musical instru- 
 ments, and with a good voice, to sing with the aid of notes. 
 
 Moderate, is not elated at the sound of music and 
 learns tunes with great difficulty; with large Self-Esteem, 
 will like to take the lead; will sing loud, and make many 
 discords and not know it, to the great annoyance of those 
 who have a good taste for musical harmony ; with large 
 Ideal., may be very fond of hearing vocal music, and will 
 think much of the words with which it is connected. 
 
 Small, or Very Small, dislikes music ; has not the 
 ability to distinguish the difference in tones; cannot tell 
 harmonious from discordant strains, or one tune from 
 another, but if Time be large, may do it by the slowness 
 or rapidity of the movement ; as a public speaker, will 
 fail to modify the voice, so as to please an auditory; with 
 small Ideal., will be low and vulgar in feeling and conduct. 
 
 36. LANGUAGE, 
 
 Faculty of committing to memory, power of expressing 
 thoughts and ideas hy means of speech. 
 
 This organ is located immediately over the eyes, upon 
 the super-orbiter plate, and when large, presses the eye 
 outward and downward. 
 
80 LANGUAGE. 
 
 Very Large. One having Lang, very large, has a re- 
 markable talent to recollect words ; is able to speak with 
 ease and fluency, and can commit to memory with great 
 rapidity ; with large Event, and Individ., and moderate 
 Cans., will use a great many words to express a very few 
 ideas, and in relating anecdotes will be prolix; with moder- 
 ate Secret, and Caution and large Hope, will be loquacious. 
 
 Large, has a good verbal memory ; makes use of ap- 
 propriate words to express feelings and ideas ; with large 
 Individ., Event., Hope and Combat., and moderate Se- 
 cret, and Caution, will have a great command of words 
 and be able to communicate thoughts with ease and 
 fluency; with large Cans., Comp., Event., Individ., Imi- 
 tat.. Ideal, and Tune added, will make a good public 
 speaker, be eloquent, and have a faculty to gain the atten- 
 tion of auditors, and be able to excel in the science of 
 elocution. 
 
 Full, can commit to memory with a fair degree of 
 facility ; has a tolerable command of words and, when 
 excited, will be fluent; with large Secre't. and Caution, 
 and moderate Event., Combat, and Hope, will hesitate 
 when talking, and appear to lack Language, and will have 
 a better faculty to write than speak; with small Secret, 
 and Cans., will speak without suflicient thought, and with 
 large Self-Esteem and Destruct. added, will be blunt and 
 harsh in the expression of views and feelings. 
 
 Average, possesses an average talent for committing 
 to memory, and has language suited to ordinary occa- 
 sions ; with large Combat, and Hope, will be fluent, espe- 
 cially when excited ; with large Event., and average 
 Secret, added, will be quite a talker, but lack ease and 
 copiousness of style in the expression of ideas. 
 
 Moderate, cannot learn to repeat words and senten- 
 ces without much labor ; will often be at a loss for words 
 by which to express ideas ; with large Cans., will remem- 
 ber the ideas of a speaker better than the language in 
 
REASONING ORGANS. 81 
 
 which he clothes them, and be conscise in the expression 
 of thoughts either orally or with the pen. 
 
 Small, is slow to commit to memory ; uses language 
 that is common-place ; with full Caution, and average 
 Combat., will often be much troubled for words by which 
 to express ideas ; with a good development of the other 
 organs of the intellect, will, on a slight acquaintance, ap- 
 pear less talented than is in reality the case. 
 
 Very Small, has a very poor verbal memory, often 
 hesitates when talking, for words ; will use inappropriate 
 language, and sentences without any significant meaning ; 
 with Individ, and Form moderate or small, will find much 
 difficulty in learning to read with any degree of celerity 
 or accuracy. 
 
 Crenus H. Reflective or Reasoning faculties. 
 
 These faculties give understanding or reason, and take 
 a general supervision over all the other faculties and give 
 power to reason upon the ideas which they obtain. They 
 impart the power to trace the connection between causes 
 and effects, lead to the discovery and application of first 
 principles, generate resources, invent, adapt means to 
 ends, comprehend truly abstract, metaphysical subjects 
 and create that high order of intellect which makes man 
 a progressive and improvable being, and although weaker 
 than many animals, yet the natural lord of the earth. 
 
 37. COMPARISON. 
 
 2^his faculty compares, illustrates y discovers analogies^ 
 
 resemblances and differences in principles, objects ^ 
 
 Sfc, ; the power to reason from parallel cases, 
 
 to illustrate and classify phenomena. 
 
 This organ is located in the middle of the upper por-^ 
 tion of the forehead. 
 
82 COMPARISON. 
 
 Very Large. One having Comp. very large, possesses 
 a scrutinizing, analytical mind ; extraordinary talent ta 
 illustrate and reason from supposed or similar cases; 
 power to discover and appreciate the nice shades of dif- 
 ference or analogy, of principles, language or things, 
 and with large Lang., will be a real critic in terms. 
 
 Large, has superior power to reason by analogy ; to 
 detect a slight incongruity ; makes appropriate compari- 
 sons, and with very large Caus., will have strong theoret- 
 ical understanding, critical and comprehensive views, 
 and originality and depth of thought. With large Indi- 
 vid., Event., Lang, and Ideal., wdll be apt, and to the point 
 in illustrations, use glowing mataphors, and highly polished 
 proverbial and parabolical expressions; v»^ith large Firm., 
 Appro., Hope, Sub., and Combat, added, will carry ev- 
 ery thing before him in argument and oratory, and be the 
 personification of intellectual greatness ; with very large 
 Destruct., Self-Esteem and Mirth, added, will, when 
 aroused, be sarcastic and his withering criticisms will be 
 bold, censorious and overwhelming. 
 
 Full, has a fair talent to compare and reason by anal- 
 ogy ; but will not detect the nicer differences, the minute 
 and obscure resemblances in principles, arguments and 
 things ; with large Construct, and perceptive organs, will 
 make bold comparisons, and illustrate ideas and princi- 
 ples well by the mechanical powers. With large Mirth, 
 and moderate Imitat., Secret, and Ideal., will be blunt, 
 off-hand and odd, and make many singular and laughable 
 comparisons, but with large Secret., Ideal, and Caus., 
 will be chaste and elegant in illustration and take a few 
 bold points of comparison, and reason from them with 
 success. 
 
 Average, has tolerable ability for analogy and classi- 
 fication ; readily feels the force of such comparisons as 
 are bold and striking, and manifests strength, rather than 
 acuteness in illustration. With large Caus., will reason 
 more from first principles than by a comparison of facts, 
 and with moderate Ideal, and Hope, will rarely use a 
 
CAUSALITY. 83 
 
 metaphor, and is rather dry and abstruse, than eloquent, 
 polished and refined. 
 
 Moderate, perceives and uses in argument, such 
 comparisons only, as are strong and perfectly apparent; 
 is more general, than critical in illustration ; fails to ob- 
 serve minute resemblances and differences in property, 
 ideas or language, and cannot classify thoughts or things 
 closely. 
 
 Small, has but little talent for illustration, and seldom 
 uses, or tries to employ comparisons, and is crude and 
 inappropriate in all such efforts. 
 
 Very Small, is slow and obtuse in analogical percep- 
 tion, even when bold and striking comparisons are pre- 
 sented by others. 
 
 38. CAUSALITY. 
 
 Power to reason, ability to trace the *^ dependences of phe* 
 nomena, and the relation of cause and effect. 
 
 This organ is located outward from Comparison, in 
 the upper and lateral portions of the forehead. 
 
 Very Large. One having Caus. very large, has a 
 very strong desire to know Xheichy andicherefore of every 
 thing; is an original thinker; reasons from first causes; 
 searches deeply into abstruse principles and relations, and 
 is capable of^ investigating and comprehending the most 
 profound arguments: with large perceptive organs added, 
 will observe closely, obtain data from small matters, and 
 upon them found large systems, and thus, like Newton, 
 Franklin and Gall, make new discoveries in science. 
 
 Large, is much inclined to search deeply and find out 
 the causes of existing phenomena, and easily comprehends 
 abstruse principles; with large Individ, and Event., will 
 be fond of natural philosophy ; with those organs moder- 
 ate or small, will like abstract reasoning, yet lack judg* 
 
84 CAUSALITY. 
 
 ment on many practical subjects^ and leafn more ffom 
 books than by observation; with large Combat., will be 
 fond of contending upon metaphysical subjects ; with very 
 large moral organs added, will take pleasure in reasoning 
 on the doctrines of morality and theological subjects. 
 
 Full, will wish to know the causes and reasons of 
 things, but will not be distinguished for deep, original 
 conceptions ; with large Comp. and perceptive intellect, 
 will possess sound judgment and have good practical 
 ability ; with large Firm., full Combat, and Destruct. 
 added, will not only plan well, but have force and efficien- 
 cy to carry out those plans. 
 
 Average, will not possess great power of reasoning 
 upon first principles; with large Comp., Lang., Event, 
 and Individ., will reason plausibly upon many subjects 
 and appear to good advantage, yet be superficial upon 
 those which require deep thinking; and with large Self- 
 Esteem added, will, upon a short acquaintance, get credit 
 for knowing more than he really does. 
 
 Moderate, has but little desire to search into first 
 principles ; lacks the ability to reason upon abstruse sub- 
 jects ; with large Secret., will display considerable tact 
 and shrewdness, but lack the power to lay deep plans and 
 carry them out advantageously. 
 
 Small, has feeble ability to plan and reason, and is not 
 possessed of sound judgment ; cannot understand profound 
 arguments and solid reasoning; with large Ven., and mod- 
 erate Self-Esteem, will feel very lowly in the company of 
 the learned and dignified. 
 
 Very Small, cannot comprehend the most simple 
 reasoning ; is not able to originate any new ideas, and is 
 destitute of common sense. 
 
GALL & SPURZHEIM. 
 
 Francois Joseph Gall, the founder of Phrenology, was 
 born in the village of Tiefenbrunn, within the district of the 
 Grand Duchy of Baden in Germany, on the ninth of March, 1758, 
 and died in the city of Paris, August twenty second, 1828. 
 
 John Gasper Spurzheim, the associate and fellow- laborer of 
 Gall, was born at Longuich, a village on the river Moselle a 
 branch of the Rhine, and within the bounds of the Prussian Km" 
 pire, on the 31st of Dec. 1776, and died at Boston, in the United 
 States, Nov. 10th, 1832, and was honored by the citzens of Boston 
 with a burial and a monument in Mount Auburn Cemetery. 
 
 ODE ON SPURZHEIM. 
 
 BY THE REV. J. PIERPONT. 
 
 Stranger there is bending o'er thee, 
 
 Many an eye with sorrow wet; 
 All our stricken hearts deplore thee; 
 
 Who that knew thee can forget? 
 Who forget what thou hast spoken ?: 
 
 Who, thine eye — thy noble frame ? 
 But that golden bowl is broken, 
 
 In the greatness of thy fame. 
 
 Autumn's leaves shall fall and wither 
 
 On the spot where thou dost rest; 
 'Tis in love we bear thee thither, 
 
 To thy mourning Mother's breast, 
 For the scores of science brought us^ 
 
 For the charm thy goodness gave 
 To the lessons thou hast taught us, 
 
 Can we give thee but a grave ? 
 
 Nature's priest, how pure and fervent 
 
 Was thy worship at her shrine ! 
 Friend of man, — of God, the servant, 
 
 Advocate of truths Divine ; 
 Taught and charm'd as by no other, 
 
 We have been, and hoped to be ; 
 But while waiting round thee, Brother, 
 
 For thy light — 'tis dark with thee. 
 
 Dark with thee ! — no ; thy Creator, 
 
 All whose creatures and whose laws 
 Thou didst love — shall give thee greater 
 
 Light than earth'^s — as earth withdraws. 
 To thy God; thy godlike spirit. 
 
 Back we give in filial trust: 
 Thy cold clay we grieve to bear it 
 
 To its chamber— but we must i 
 
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