Book_JLS: A NEW AND EXPEDITIOUS METHOD FOR LEARNING tJi'fti THE FRENCH LANGUAGE, 3 EXEMPLIFIED BY AN INTERLINED TRANSLATION OF WORDS, IN ENGLISH, OF THE FIRST SIX BOOKS OF THE ADVENTURES OF TELEMACHUS; AND BY A LITERAL VERSION OF IDEAS: To which is prefixed, A COMPLETE SYSTEM OF THE FRENCH PRONUNCIATION AND PROSODY. ALSO, WITH THE VERBS CONJUGATED THROUGH AJJ, THEIR MOODS AND TENSES, AND A NOMENCLATURE OF WORDS MOST COMMONLY USED* BY JOHN THOMAS CARRE. PHILADELPHIA; J. MAXWELL, FOURTH AND WALNUT STREETS* 1822. EASTERN DISTRICT OF PENNSYLVANIA, to wit. BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the 1st day of May, in the forty-sixth year of the independence of the United States of America, A. D. 1822, James Maxwell, of the said district, hath deposited in this office the title of a book, the right where- of he claims as Proprietor in the words following-, to wit: A New and Expeditious Method for Learning the French Language, Exemplified by an Interlined Transla- tion of H ords, in English, of the first six books of the Ad- ventures of Telemachus; and by a Literal Version of Ideas: To whtch is prefixed, a Complete System of the French Pronunciation and Prosody. Also, with the Verbs Conju- gated through all their Moods and Tenses, and a Nom- enclature of Words most commonly used. By John Thomas Carre. In conformity to the Act of the Congress of the United States, entitled, " An act for the encouragement of learning, by securing the copies of maps, charts, and books to the authors and proprietors of such copies during the times therein men- tioned." And also to the act, entitled, " An act supplemen- tary to an act entitled " An act for the encouragement of learning, by securing the copies of maps, charts, and books, to the authors and proprietors of such copies during the times therein mentioned, and extending the benefits thereof to the arts ot designing, engraving, and etching historical and other prints. DAVID CALDWELL, Clerk of the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. NAMES OF NUMBERS WITH A NOMENCLATURE OF WORDS. Cardinal Num- Numerical bers. Letters. 1, one. I. 2, two. II. 3, three. III. 4, four. IV. 5,„ Je* V. 6, six. VI. 7, seven. VII. 3, eight* VIII. 3, nine. IX. 10, ten. X. 1 1 , eleven. XI, i2, twelve. xn. 13, thirteen. XIII. 14, fourteen. XIV, 1 5, fifteen. XV. 1 6, sixteen. XVI. 17, seventeen. XVII. 18, eighteen. XVIII. 1 9, nineteen.' XIX. 20, twenty. XX. 21, twenty-one. XXL 22, twenty-two. XXII. and so on to 30, thirty. XXX. 31, thirty -one. XXXI. 32, thirty two. XXXIL and so on to 4-Oiforty. XL. 4\, forty -one. XLL Les Nombres Cardinaux. un. deux, trois. quatre. cinq, six. sept, huit* aeuf. %iJifty-two, LIL cinquante-deux. and so on lo jusgu'a 60, sixty. LX. soixante. 61, sixty -one. LXI. soixante-&-un. 62, sixty-two. Lxir. soixante-deux. and so on to jusgu'a TO, seventy. LXX. soixante-&-dix. 7\, seventy-one LXXI. soixante-&-onze. 72, seventy-two. LXXIL soixante-k-douze and so on to jusgu'a 80, eighty. LXXX. quatre-vingts. 8 1, eighty-one. LXXXL quatre-vingt-un. 82, eighty-two. LXXXIL quatre-vingt-deux and so on to jusgu'd 90, ninety. XC. quatre-vingt-dix. 91, ninety-one. XCI. quatre-vingt-onze. 92, ninety **%vq. XCIL quatre-vingt-douze. and so on to jusqu'2 100, owe hundred. c. cent. 200, fwo hundred. cc. deux cens. 200,three hundred. CCC. trois cens. 400,/owr hundred. CCCC. quatre cens. 500, Jive hundred. D, or I3. cinq cens. 600, szx hundred. DC, or InC. six cens. 1 00 ^s even hundred, DCC, or sept cens. , I 3 CC. 800,eight hundred . DCCC,or P)CCC. huit cens. 900, wz'tfe hundred* DCCCC, or neuf cens. iocccc • 1000, c?2£ thousand. M, or CI3. mille. Ordinal Numbers. Le S NOMBRES ORDINAUX. lst^rs*. l er . premier, M. premiere, F 2d, second. 2 d . second, M. seconde, F. 3d, M/rt/. 3 e troisieme, M. 8c F. 4th, fourth. 4 e . quatrieme. 5{h,Jifth. 5 e . einquieme. NOMENCLATURE. 6th, sixth. 7th, seventh. 8th, eighth. 9th, ninth. 10th, tenth. 1 1th, eleventh. 1 2th, twelfth. 13th, thirteenth. 14th, fourteenth. 1 5th, ffteenth. 16th, sixteenth. 17th, seventeenth. 18th, eighteenth. 19th, nineteenth. 20th, twentieth. 21st, twenty -first. 22d, twenty-second. and so on, &c. Owe?. Ponce. thrice, four times. Firsts or in the first filace. secondly, or in *Ae second filace. thirdly, or in the third filace. fourthly, or in *Aentence une sentence. •^ period, une periode. .^/2 exertisci un theme. *tf translation, une traduc- tion. Verses, des vers, Prose, de la prose. w4 ofcsX-, un pupitre. Parchment, du parchemiEh Paste-board, du carton. ^ d/of, un pate. •4 pencil, un crayon, T*rgp Plurunum pr e rficit sermo, qui minutatim irrepserlt animo. — SHIN EC A. As truth is the prime object of all useful instruction, it is essential that men should be trained from early in- fancy to the exercise of their own faculties; and, with regard to the opinions which are entertained in matters science, to give their assent to those only which car- ry conviction to the mind. It is by such a process of in- struction alone that we can hope to infuse into the heart a rational and generous ambition, and successfully to cultivate that divine reason which Providence has de- signed as our guide through the intricate and dark mazes of the world; that we can secure our reputation from the artifice of the knave, our lives from the nostrums of the quack, and the education of our children from the vain projects and intrigues of the impostor. It is in the design of favouring the interests of edu- cation, on these principles, that I offer to the public the present voiume, as an introduction to the study of the French language, with some desultory remarks concern- ing the plan upon which it is composed; and the study of languages being a primary object in the affairs of education, being the medium through which all useful knowledge is derived, if i have contributed any thing to the interests of this subject, I shall not suppose myself un profitably en) ployed. At the renovation of arts and belles letters in Europe, numerous methods were imagined, with the laudable intention of removing the difficulties, to be encountered in learning the Latin and Greek classics; but as none of them were founded on the nature of these languages, 2 XIV PREFACE. they served rather to perplex and create disgust, than to encourage the young pupil to proceed with spirit and emulation in his studies. The access to the temple of the muses ought to be made easy and alluring, and not only pleasing to the eyes, but yet so as to strike in- to the mind of every beholder noble and virtuous sen- timents, and a strong desire of observing, with curiosity, the simple but majestic structure of the interior. Sanctius, a celebrated grammarian and philosopher, was the first who perceived the inefficacy of these methods; and, in order to prevent the young students imbibing the many erroneous precepts and undefinable rules, which tended rather to confuse the understanding than to develop its natural faculties, he published in 1585 his Minerva; Sive de causis linguce Latince, to which were added notes by Scioppius and Perizonius: his principles are plain, easy, and luminous; and fur- nished to his successors, to Rpllin, Locke, Dumarsais, and others, the foundation of many ingenious and ex- cellent improvements. Compelled by circumstances, as unfortunate as they were unexpected, to assume the painful and unprofita- ble profession of teacher of languages, I fortunately was not altogether unprepared for this new condition. A desire of acquiring knowledge had incited me to get a thorough acquaintance with the principles which these philosophers had transmitted to us for our instruction. Nature, whom they took for their guide in their inves- tigation of the causes of languages, demonstrated to them that words were only signs of ideas, produced by a previous sensation, or an impression made on our senses; that the mind possessed the faculty of dividing these words into different classes, and of giving them that ar- rangement and application in which consists the art of speaking and writing with grace and elegance. Practice, therefore, in all languages, as well as in arts and sci- ences, has always preceded theory and rules, and this PREFACE XV alone has conducted its followers to the discovery ot useful arts, long before anv theorv of these arts was thought of. Experience of every day evidently proves to a com- mon observer, that children learn by practice alone, and without grammar, their mother tongue. Necessity urges them to endeavour to imitate the voice of their nurses; and after the time marked by nature for the use of their tongue, they utter words. Their faculties, still weak, do not enable them to receive more than one idea at a time; they cannot, therefore, learn more than a word, with its signification, at once e Their provision of words increasing, the expression of their wants be- comes everyday more plain and diversified. Thus by Ihis natural practice they improve themselves in pro- portion as they grow; and lastly, come to speak as well as their parents, without having ever been puzzled by rules, unintelligible to the grammarian himself. Condillac, in his philosophical grammar, says, " be- fore studying the rules of the art of speaking, one must be familiarised with the beauties of a language; it is ne- cessary that he should be capable of speaking well a^out a great many things; and the study of grammar would be more disgusting than useful, if it was begun too soon. In fact, in order to know the rules of the art of speak- ing, it does not suffice to have learnt them by rote, it is of an absolute necessity to have formed a habit of applying them/' In the natural manner of learning our mother tongue, there are three periods to be observed: the first consists in learning words only, with their signification; the se- cond in composing, and the third in speaking with flu- ency and correctness. This observation every father of a family may make, and it is reasonable to suppose that the easiest and shortest method for acquiring a critical knowledge of any language, is that which is the nearest to the natural one. The interlinary translation XVI PREFACE. is certainly the nearest to nature; for it gives, in the first place, the true intelligence of the words of the lan- guage proposed to be learned: in the second place, the pupil learns to compose, and lastly, to speak correctly. In this manner being enabled to study by himself, he loses no time, and not being disgusted by grammar in the beginning, goes on cheerfully, and with a rapidity always proportioned to his natural capacity. As to the Latin, taught by an interlinary translation, I refer the reader for his information to the method of Mr. Dumarsais; as for myself, an experience of more than twenty years has convinced me, that it is more ef- ficacious than any other. I have been the first, in this country, to use it in teaching both Latin and French. The study of grammar I have employed no farther, m thg latter language, than the conjugation of verbs. Practice, and reading with perseverance the best models, as Cor- neille, Racine, Voltaire's Tragedies, and especially his Commentaries on Corneille's Tragedies; his Henriade, &c. and other celebrated writers, will not only enable the student to speak with accuracy, but will develop the faculties of his mind, form his judgment, and give him a taste for the beauties of thought and noble senti- ments, with which these authors abound. Mr. Dumarsais, one of the associates of the French Encyclopedists, was naturally led, by his reflections on the principles of Sanctius, to this invaluable discove- ry: by means of which, the most important difficulties in learning a language, foreign to our own, will disappear. The first fruit of the reflections of Mr. Dumarsais upon the study of languages, was his Exposition d'tute methode raisonnce pour appretidre la langue Latluc; published in one thousand seven hundred and t\vent>- two. He dedicated it to MM. BauftVemont, his pu- pils, who had made the most happy trial of it; one of them having commenced from the alphabet, under the direction of his illustrious roaster, made, in less than three years, the most singular and rapid pi PREFACE. xvu "This method" says D'Alembert in his eulogium of Mr. Dumarsais " has two parts, practice and rea- son. To know a language is to understand the words ot it; and this knowledge properly belongs to memo- ry; that is to say, to that part of the faculties of mind which is first developed among children, and is even more quick at that age than at any other; it may be called the genius of infancy. This faculty ought then to be exercised the first, and ought even to be exercised alone. Mr. Gueroult, proviseur of the Lycee Charle- magne, says, in the preface of a Latin grammar he com- posed after Mr. Dumarsais' method, that it is the only one capable of procuring, in a little time, a thorough knowledge of that language. "The rules of it are simple, uniform, constant; founded on the nature of the lan- guage, and are not subject to exceptions: in fine, they solve all the difficulties of it." This method being approved and sanctioned by the greatest philosophers, and put in practice in the most respectable seminaries of France, since more than a century, I thought proper to adopt it also in preference to any other in my course of instruction. I accordingly put off the study of grammar until the scholar had ac- quired a sufficient number of words to enable him to read and understand every Latin and French author. My pupils, therefore, were first introduced into the learning of the Latin and French languages by an in- terlinary translation, to which succeeded the transla- tion of ideas; and by this plan of instruction, which proceeded from the known to the unknown, I have had the pleasure to witness the most rapid proficiency. This mode requires no other preparation than to know how to read; and the student not being confused and perplexed by complicate rules, gets a taste for reading and instruc- tion, which I have seldom seen or heard to be the case with any of those instructed according to the common method. XVlll PREFACE. Having arrived at that period of life, when the in- firmities of body render a man incapable of any ac exertion, I thought I might still be useful to the ama- teurs of the French language and Frefich literature, in publishing this true and easy method, illustrated and exemplified by the interlmary translation of the six first books of Telemachus. A single inspection of the first page, will, I confidently believe, convince every unprejudiced reader of its superiority over any other whatsoever; for, I repeat it, being the nearest to nature, it must be the best, and the shortest. These six books contain about eight thousand words, with their varia- tions, together with their proper significations. The French text is as pure as it came from the pen of the illustrious Fenelon, being accurately copied from the edition of Didot, made from three manuscripts written with the hand of the author. It^s a matter of the great- est importance, that the books on which a language is to be learned, be plain and simple; that the words be fraught with pure, chaste, and clear ideas, appropriated to every capacity; that the learner may, at the same time he furnishes his memory with words, enrich his mind with useful knowledge, and cultivate the natural sensibility of his heart. There is no book in any lan- guage, in my knowiege, more apt to produce this de- sirable effect than Telemachus. Every page of this incomparable production of the good Feneion, teems with precepts of virtue, expressed in a language, sweet, harmonious, and sublime; ami, at the same time, as sim- ple and beautiful as nature, whose charms are there described with so much splendour and majesty. Those who, on the contrary, pretend to teach the French language on books, expressed in metaplnsc and abstract words, which have no visible prototype existing in nature, and which are equally incompre- hensible to the scholar and to the master himself, may indeed teach any one, willing to lose both his time and & PREFACE. XIX money, and that too without any miracle, to articulate empty sounds, and to form with these sounds a kind of jargon or gibberish; but never can make by such a pro- cess an accomplished French scholar. It may be asked, what time will be requisite for learn- ing the French, by this plan of instruction. To give a peremptory answer to this question, would appear to me to be the highest degree of presumption. I therefore leave it to the quacks; for to them alone, belongs the ef- frontery of promising impossibilities: for the true so- lution of it, I appeal to the natural method, from which children learn their mother tongue: some speak tolera- biy well, though yet in broken language, at two years and a half; some later; and some later still. From these observations it will appear evident to every man of sense, that the progress these children make in learn- ing their mother tongue, does not at all depend on their parents' skill; but, on the contrary, is always propor- tionate to their natural faculties; which it is not in the power of any man to give. Besides, let the method be as easy and as intelligible as can be, the learner cannot be exempt from a proper attention, memory, genius, industry and perseverance. Johnson, in his history of Milton, speaking of t\i& incredible wonders done by Milton's scholars, says, " those who tell or receive these stones should consider, that nobody can be taught faster than he can learn. The speed of the horseman must be limited by the power of the horse. Every man that has ever undertaken to instruct others, can tell what slow advances he has been able to make, and how T much patience it requires to recal vagrant inattention, to stimulate sluggish indifference, and to rectify absurd misapprehension." Therefore, those who are so void of common sense, as to believe that a foreign language can be learned quicker than their mother tongue, will, in the end, find themselves shamefully disappointed. This method being new T in this country, and con- XX PREFACE. trary to the common practice, will, no doubt, be subject to the censure of many; but let the censors consider that I have Locke, d'Alembert, Dumarsais, Condillac, and the most respectable seminaries of France, on my side; and, moreover, twenty years of my o.vn expe- rience; which have fully convinced me of its pre-excel- lence over any other. Locke, in his book on educa- tion, with regard to the learning of Latin, observes: "The reasons against it (meaning the common prac- tice of teaching) are so evident and cogent, that they have prevailed with some intelligent persons to quit the ordinary road, not without success, though the method made use of was not exactly what I imagine the easiest, and, in short, is this: to trouble the child with no grammar at all, but to have Latin, as English has been, without the perplexity of rules, talked into him; for if you will consider it, Latin is no more un- known to a child when he conies into the world, than English: and yet he learns English without master, rules or grammar; and so might he Latin too, as Tully did, if he had some body always to talk to him in this language. — But if such a man cannot be got, who speaks good Latin, and being able to instruct your son in these parts of knowledge, will undertake it by this method; the next best is to have him taught as near tins way as may be, which is by taking some easy and pleasant book, such as Esop's Fables, and writing the English translation (made as literal as it can be) in one line, and the Latin words which answer each of them, just over it in the other. These let him read every day over and over again, till he perfectly understands the Latin; and then go on to another fable, till he be also perfect in that, not omitting what he is already perfect in, but sometimes reviewing that, to keep it in his memory. And when he comes to write, let these be set him for copies, which, with the exercise of his hand, will also advance him to Latin. This being a more imperfect PREFACE. XXL way than by talking Latin unto him, the formation of the verbs first, and afterwards the declensions of the nouns and pronouns, perfectly learned by heart, may facilitate his acquaintance with the genius and manner of the Latin tongue, which varies the signification of verbs and nouns, not as the modern languages do, by particles prefixed, but by changing the last syllable. More than this of grammar, I think he need not have, till he can read himself Sanctii Minerva, With Sciop- pius and Perizonius' notes;*' — And in another place he says: '■ I grant the grammar of a language is sometimes very carefully to be studied, but it is not to be studied but by a grown man, when he applies himself to the understanding of any language critically, which is sel- dom the business of any but professed scholars." — If men were not generally more prone to adhere, with pertinacity, to opinions, destructive of a liberal and useful education, and which are the offspring of a wild and ungoverned imagination, the creation of ignorance and pedantry, having nothing real but their absurdity, I would, very willingly, and cheerfully too s have spared the rational reader the trouble of perusing this long digression: but considering that the preposses- sions in favour of grammar, as a first introduction to languages, are extremely inveterate in the mind of many Teachers; I have been induced to treat this subject perhaps ra titer too profusely, in the hope of persuading those at least, who are well disposed to give to this method a fair trial, being convinced that it would not only turn to their interest and reputation, but would prove the greatest benefit they could confer on the youth trusted to their care. I confess that it re- quires, on the oart of the teacher, more attention and more trouble, than the ordinary method; which requires nothing more than to put a grammar in the hand of a tender and passive being, and see whether, like a par- rot, he has learned the lesson assigned him or not. XX11 PREFACE. With this, on the contrary, both the teacher and the scholar must be active. The professor is not to pass over any proposition or sentence, without being well and clearly explained, and thoroughly understood by his pupils. He must also remember, that he has a duty, the most sacred to fulfil, that is, to unfold the mental faculties of his pupils, to form their judgment, as well as to infuse into their hearts lasting principles of true honour and virtue. Orievtia Umpora not is intruit eoc- emplis. Let him be sensible that the learning of lan- guages would become a painful study of empty and useless sounds, were it not conducive to the solid knowledge of the duties we are bound to discharge faith- fully through life. Nunc adhibe puro Ptctore verba puer, nunc te meliotibus offer. REMARKS ON NE PAS NE POINT. JV% pas, ne point, are translated in the interlinary translation by their proper correspondent in English^ for, according to their natural acceptation, pas signifies in English, a step, and point, a point; and the same difference exists in their metaphorical signification. " «7VV ? says the dictionary of the academy, is a particle which renders a proposition negative, and which always precedes the verb. It is often accompanied by pas or point But what place hpas or point to occupy in dis- course? When is one preferable to the other? Where is one or the other to be suppressed? When must it be done? These four questions must be clearly answered. First question: where are pas and point to be placed? They can be put indifferently before or after the verb, if it is in the infinitive mood. Four ne point souffrir: in order not to suffer. Four ne souff* ir pas. In the simple tenses of other moods they must always follow the verb. II ne sonffre point; he does not suffer. 11 ne PREFACE. XX11I chante pas; he does not sing. On the contrary, in the compound tenses, they are placed between the auxiliary and the participle. II na point souff.rt, il n J a pas chante; he has not suffered, he has not sung. As to the second question, it is to be observed that point denies more forcibly than pas. It may be equally said, il n'a pas cV 'esprit; he has no genius: il n'a point d'esprit; and they can say, il tva i as d 9 esprit ceqwil en fandroit pour une telle place; he has not the genius necessary for such a place. But when it is said of any one, il na print d'esvrii: it is then absolute, and no- thing more can be added* Therefore, poirJ followed by the particle de, determines in an absolute manner, and forms a perfect negation; instead that pas leaves the liberty of res training it. For this reason, pas is better than point before Flus-Moins, Si, Aatant and other comparatives: Ci&ron n'est pas mains relieme: t que Denv sthene; Cicero is not less vehement than Demos- thenes. Denios&hfne ^ est pas si a bond ant que Ciceron; Demosthenes is not so abundant as Cicero." It will easily be observed that this great difference of accep- tation, which these particles have in the French lan- guage, is lost in the English translation. By the same reason, Fas must be prefered before nouns of number. Pas un seul petit morceuu; not a single little bit. II n'y a pas divans; it is not ten years. Vous wen trouverez pas deux de voire avis; you will not find two persons of your opinion. By the same reason still, Fas agrees better with some transi- tory and accidental thing; Point with some permanent and habitual things. II ue lit pas; he does not read, that is to say, now. II ne lit point, that is to say, never." As to the fourth question, which regards the circumstances in which these particles are omitted, I think it unnecessary to trouble the reader with ex- amples; this knowledge he will acquire sufficiently in the progress of his reading. Besides, I may say with XX I V PREFACE. confidence, that after having learned effectually this interlinary translation, he will need no other dictionary than that of the academy; this i recommend to him in preference to any other. Directlo , des deux i j % et des six consonnes qui ont un son double. On a cru devoir mettre ce tableau sous les yeux des maitres et mai- tresses, pous les avertir d'en donner aux enfans les pre- mieres notions. 3 * XXX TRESOR DE LA JKUNESSE. Pour apprendre a distinguer les accents, il ne faut montrer que la co.lonne ou lis se trouvent marques. Ce qui est place a cote d'eux, est destine a instruire la per- sonne qui les enseigne. II faut ensuite tacher de faire entendre, ai'eleve, que les differentes sortes d'c viennent de ce que les accents, dont ils sont marques, ieur donnent une articulation plus ou moins prononcee, parce qu'on appuye plus ou moins sur elles en les prononcant. On a mis en marge des voyelles, marquees d'un accent, des mots qui servent a determiner ia maniere dont le maitre doit faire prononcer chaque voyelie. Pour le decouvrir, il n'a qu'a prononcer les mots qui se trouvent dans les exempies. li faut faire remarquer que la meme lettre se pro- nonce differemment, ties qu'elle est marquee d'un ac- cent aigu, grave, ou circonflexe; et que cette prononcia- lion est differente, lorsqu'il n'y a point d'accent. Dites de vive voix a votre eleve, en lui montrant les accents; il y a trois accents, l'aceent aigu', Taccent grave", et l'aceent circonflexe\ ( *) L'aceent aigu est un caractere qui va de droite a gauche. (A ) L'aceent grave est un canactere qui va de gauche a dFoite. ( A ) L'aceent circor,flexe est un caractere forme des deux autres accents leunis et endosses; il se met sur les cinq voyelles, lorsqu'elles se prononcent ientement, comme dans Its mots: agr, bete y gfle, dome, m&se, Ifc. TRESOR DE LA JEUNESSE. XXXI Dites aussi a voire eleve, sans montrer autre chose que les caracteres ranges perpendicular cment les uns sur les autres, qo 7 U y a deux sortes d't; Vi voyelie et Vj consonne. i L'i voyelie se figure u et se prononce i. j Uj consonne se figure y, et se prononce je. II y a aussi deux sortes (TV; Vu voyelie et Vu con- sonne. u L'w voyelie se figure u se prononce u. v L'v consonne se figure v 3 et se prononce ve. Les deux iy, et les deux uv, se trouvent dans ie mot juive. Faites remarquer qu'il y a trois sortes dV; Ve muet, Ve ferme et Ve ouvert. e LV muet est Ve qui se prononce sourdement; c'est celui qui n'a point d'accent, comme on le peut voir dans les mots lo-ge, firin-ce, &c. e LV ferme est celui qui a un accent de droite a gau- che; c?est Paccent aigu e, corame dans les mots san-te, bon-te '. e We ouvert est celui qui a un accent de gauche a dioite; c/est I' accent grave e^ comme dans les mots ac-ces, firO'Ces, ab-ces. En montrant a votre eieve les lettres au commencement des mots tige, ti- gre, tison. t se pronence si, dans abbatial, ambitieux, ambition, captieux. x se prononce kse, (\zns\dlexa?idre, Alexis. x se prononce gz, dans cxamen, cxaucer, exemp.lt. Instruction pour les personncs qui enseignent a lire, L'eleve connaissant bien exacteraent les cousonnes, les differentes articulations queleur donnent les voyelies a, e, i, o, u, et celles que les voyelies empruntent des ac- cents, il faut lui faire lire de suite la table ou toutes les consonnes sont unies avec toutes les voyeiles. Eiles commencent par ba, be, be, be, &c. II faut lui faire lire d'abord chaque ligne horisontaiementj c'esi-a\iire ba, be, be, be, bi, bo, bu, passer ensuite a la seconde co- lonne: observer sur-tout de ne ie point faire epeier, en l'aidant a prononcer les sons et les syllables; ainsi il ne faut pas lui dire be, a, ba; be, e, be; be, o, bo; mais tout d'un coup, ba, be, bo; l ? avantage de cette roethode est de faire connaitre que les consonnes ont ton jours be- soin d'une voyelle pour etre articulees, que b devant a s'appelle ba; b devant o, s'appelle bo, Sec. Sons, formes (Vune consonne et ffune voyelle. Ba be be be bi bo bu Ca ce ce ce ci CO cu Da de de de di do du Fa fe fe fe fi fo fu Ga Ha g e he S e he he hi ho hu Ja La J e le j e le j e le J 1 ii j° lo j u XXXIV Till :sor DE L\ JEUNESSE Ma me me me mi mo mu Na ne ne ne ni no nu Pa pe pe pe Pi po pu Qua que que que qui quo qu Ra re re re ri ro ru Sa se se se bi so su Ta te te te ti to tu Va ve ve ve vi vo \u Xa xe xe xe xi xo xu Ya ye ye ye yi yo yu Za ze ze ze zi zo zu Instruction fiour les fiersonncs qui enseignent a lire. Des que I'Eleve connait bien les sons differents qui resultent de l'union de toutes les voyelles, avec les con- sonnes, il faut s'uttacher a lui faire lire le tableau al- phabetique des mots de deux syllabes; on s'est attache a n'y mettre que des sons qui se trouvent dans le tab- leau, et qui sont formes d'une con^ojjiie et (Tune voy- elle. II faut suivre le meme procede a la page xxvii; cette page presente une double nouveaute, en ce que, pre- mierement, la voyellequi, a la page xxiii,se trouve apres la consonne £, &c. se trouve ici avant cette meme con- sonne b. Mots de deux syllabes, formes des m ernes sons. Ba le, be te, bi se, bu te, ca ve, ce ne, ci re, co ne, cu ve, da me, de mi, di me, do me, du pe, fa ce, fe le, fi le, fo re, fu te, gage, ge ne, gi te, go be, gue, ha le, he re, hi re, ho te, hu re, TRESOR DE LA JEUNESSE. XXXV Ja va, Je su, jo li, i« gs la ve, le ve, li me, loge, lu ne, ma le, me re, mi ne, mo de, mu le, na pe, Ni ce, no ce, nu e, pa pe, pe re, pi pe, po le; pu cef, qua si, que te, Qui to, quo te, ra ve, re ve, ri me, • ro be, ru se. sa le, se ve. si VCy so le, Su ze, ta xe, te te, ti ge, to me, tu be, va se, ve lu, vi ce, vo le, vu e, Sons formes d'une voyelle et d'une consonne. Ab eb eb eb ib ob ub ac ec ec ec ic oc uc ad ed ed ed id od ud af ef ef ef if of uf *g e g eg eg* !g °g ug al el el el il ol ul am em em em im om um an en en en in on un ap ep ep ep IP op up aq eq eq eq ! q cq uq ar er er er ir or ur as es es es is OS us at et et et it ot irt av ev ev ev iv ov uv ax ex ex ex ix ox ux az ez ez ez iz oz uz Mots des trois syllabes, formes des memessons. Ab ba tu, e be ne, o bo le, ac cu se, e co le, oc cu pe, XXXVI TRESOH 1>E LA JEUNESSE. ad mi re, E di le, i do le, af fu te, ef fa ce, of fi ce, a ga ce, e ga re, i gne e^ al lu re, 6 lo ge, o Ji ve, am bi gu, em bal le, i mage, an rm el, en ne mi, in vi te, ap pe le, ' e pi le, o pe ra a qua ti que, e qui no xc, ar re te, er ro ne, ir ri te. as si c!u, es ti me, Is ma el, Atta le, e to fe, u ti le, a va re, e vi te, o va ie, a xi o me, ex ta se, I xi on, A xi me, Ozee, O zi as, Mots, la plapart de quatre syllabes, formes des sons precedents. Ba di nage, ne ga ti ve, do ci li te, ca pi ta le, en ne mi e, o di eu se, ac ti vi te, * e pi so de, fu li cu le, da ri o le, re vo lu Ti on, of fi ci al, ad di ti on, er ro ne go sier, fa ci li te, se cu ri te, ho ne te te af fi na ge, Es cu la pe, lo jji ci en, Ga ni me de, te me ri te, o li vier, ha bi lu de, e ta la ge, mo no po le, la ti tu de, V r e ro ni que, om bra ge, al li an ce, e va po re, no va ti on, ma gi ci en, bi ga ra de, on da ti on, A ma zo ne ci vi !i te, po li go ne, na ti vi te, ic te ri que, o pi ni on, a ne an ti, di vi ni te, ro tu rier, pa ci fi que, I du me en, or tlio do xe, TRES0R DE LA JEUNESSE. XXXVU a pa na ge, fi de li te, so li tu de, ra ta ti he, 1 phi ge ni e, o sier, sa ga ci te, gi be ci e re, to pi que, as so ci e, Hi po li te, Ot to ma ne, ta ni e re, li mo na de, vo la ti le, at ti tu de, im me di at, no va ti on, va ca ti on, Mi co la 1, ex o de, a va ri ce, in de fi ni, bu co ii que, ex a go ne, pv ra mi de, cu pi di te, be ne fi ce, i pe ca cu a na, oc to go ne, ce le ri te, ri di cu le, du pe ri e, e co li er, i ro ni e, fu ti li te, de fi gu re, si mo ni e, gut tu ra le, e di fi ce, Is sa char, hu mi li te fe li ci te, ti mi di te, lu na ti que, ef fi ca ce, I ta li e, ? ul ce re, ge ne ra le, vi va ci te, mu tu el ie, he ro 1 que, om hi lie, le ge re te, ex i le, nu me ra le, el le bo re, bo ta ni que, ru ba ni er, me de ci ne, co me di en, ur ba ni te, e me ti que, oc ca si on, su je ti on, Instruction pour les pcrsonnes qui enseignent a lire. II y a des mots qui commencent par deux consonnes; on a reuni sous un meme coup-d'oeil les combinaisons differentes qu'elles peuvent former. La colonne qui les renferme est une des plus esse^tielles de cette methode. En prononcant les sons ble^ bre, &c. II faut avoir soin de ne pas faire epeler. An lieu de faire dire a Tenfant, be, elle, ble; be, ere, bre; II faut lui faire pro- noncer toute de suite et sans epeler, ble, bre, comme on prononce la derniere syllabe des mots table, sabre, 4 iXXVlll TRESOR DE LA JEUNESSE. Les pages xli,xliL et xliti,soMcomposees des mots ct de sons formes de plusieursconsonnes etde simples voy- elles. Un enfant n'aura pas grande difficulte a les prononcer lorsqu'il aura ete bien exerce sur les pages xxxviii, xxxix et xl; il faut, pour cela,lui faire prononcer exactement chaque son, sans en decomposer les lettres, en suivant l'ordre des \oyelles; et ensuite perpendi- culairement, c'est-a-dire, en faisant parcourir chaque colonne de haut en bas et de bas en haut. Sons formes de deux consonnes et d*u?ie voyelle. Bla ble bli bio blu bra bre bri bro bru cha cbe chi cho chu chra chre chri chro chru cla cle cli clo clu era ere cri cro cru dra drc drl dro dru fla fie fli flo flu fra fre fri fro fru phra phre phri pha phe phi pho phu pbla phle phli phlo phlu gla gle gK glo glu gna gne gni gno gnu gra gre gri gro gru pla pie P U plo plu pra pre pri pro pru rha rhe rhi rho rhu sga see s^i sea SCO scu spa spe spi spo spu sta ste sti sto stu TRESOR DE LA J BUN iiSSE « XXXIX tha the tbi tho .thu thra thre thri thro tra tre tri tro tru vra vre \ri vro vru Sons formes des memes deux consonnes et d'une voyelle, dins un ordre renverse. Vra vre vri vro tra tre tri tro tru thra thre thri thro tha the thi tho thu sta ste sti sto stu spa spe spi spo spu sea SCO scu sea sge s§i rha rhe rhi rho rhu pra pre pri pro pru pla pie pli plo plu gra gre gri gro gru gna gne gni gno gnu gla gle |U glo glu phla phle phli phlo phlu pha phe phi pho phu phra phre pari fra fie . fri fro fru fla fle Bt flo Bh dra dre dri dro dru era ere cri cro cru cla cle cli clo clu chra eh re chri chro chru cha che chi cho chu bra bre bri bro bru bla ble bli bio blu Xl TRESOR DE LA JEUNESSE. fons formes des deux memes consonnes et cT une voyelle Tha the thi tho thu gla gle gli glo g!u clra dre dri dro dru bla bie bli bio blu sea SCO scu gra gre gri gro gru st a ste sti sto siu pi a pie pli plo plu fla fle fli rlo flu chra chre chri chro chru rha rhe rhi rho rhu tra tre tri tro iru pra pre pri pro pru cha cbe chi cho chu phra plire phri pha phe phi pho phu cla ele cli clo clu vra vre vri vro thra thre thri thro spa spe spi spo spu s^a sc^e sci gna gne gni gno gnu phla phle phli pMo phlu fra fre fri fro fru era ere cri cro cru * bra bre bri bro btu Mots de diffe rentes syllabes, composes des sons precede nts» bl a me, bi e me, bl in de, br a ve, br e ve, br i se, ch as se, ch e ne, ch i le, TRESOR DE LA JEUNESSE. Xli Chr am ne, cl a vier, cr a be, dr a pe fl a te, f r a cas, ph a se, gl a ce, I gn a ce, grape, ph a re, Chr e me, cle men ce, cr e che, dr es s6, fl e che, fr e re, phr 6 ne sie, gl ebe, A gn es, gr e le, ph e nix, phi e bo to mie, phi eg ma ti que, pi a ce, pr a ti que, rh abil le, s§ a vant, Sc a ron, sp a dil le, st a de, Th a lie, Thr a ce, tr a pe, i vr e, pi e ui er, pr e tre, rh e t eur, sc e ne, sc a man dre, spe ci fi que, St e tin, th e me, tr e sor, tr e ve, I v ri, Chr i sti ne, Cl i me ne, cr i me, dr i a de, fli bus tics, fr i se, Phr i gie, gl is sa de, di gn i te, gr i ve, ph i si que, PI i ne, pr i me, Khin, Sci am, Sc ot, sp i ra le, st i le, th im, Tr i po li, bl o que, br o de, ch o se, chr o ni que, cl o che, cr o che, dr 6 le, fl o re, fro te, gl o be, i gn o re, gr o te, ph os pho re, 4 * bl u te, br u ne, ch u te, chr u dim, Cl u ny, cr u che, Dr u i' de, fl u te, fr u gal, gl u ant, ro gn u re, gr u ri e, Xlli TRESOH DE LA JEUNESSE. Pi om be, plume, pr 6 ne, pr u ne, Rh 6 ne, rh u me, sc is si on, sc i u re, sc or pi on, Sc u de ri, sp on de e, stor ax, st u pi de, Th o mas, Th u ci di de, thr 6 ne, tr o pe, tr u se, i vr o gne, Mots de differentes syllabes, composes des sons precedents* bl an ch ir, bl es su re, bl in da ge, br as se lie, Br cs se, br im bale, ch ar ni er, Ch er so ne se, ch if fo ne, cl as si que, cl er ge, cl is te re, cr am po ne, cr es se le, cr is ta lin, dr ag me, Dr es de, dr il le, n 1 a te rie, fl eu ret te, fl ic ti ac, fr an ch ir, ft e qu en ce, ft ic ti on, gl an du le, gl et te, gl is sa de, i gn a re, in di gn e, di gn i te, gr as se yer, Gr e na de, gr i ot te, ph an to me, Ph e ni ci e, ph il tie, pi ai do yer, pi e ni tu de, pi is su re, pr ag ma ti que, pr en dre, pr in ci pa le, Rh a da mante, rh e to ri que, rh i no ce ros, sc an dale, sc e ne, sc i a ge, spatule, spectacle, sp i ri tuel, st an ce, st er lin, st i gm a tea, tr an qu il le, tr en ti e me, tr is t es se, bl on di ne, bl u et te, br on se, br us que rie, ch o co lut, ch u te, TRESQR DE LA JEU3ESSE. Xiiil cl o ch et te, CI it ni ste, cr os se, cr u ci fix, dr o gue, Dr u 1 de, fl o ta ge, flu xi on, fr on de, fr us tre, gl o bu 1c, gl u ti na tif, i gn o re, ro gn ure, gr os se, gr u rie, ph os pho re, ph y si que, pi on ge on, pi u ma ge, pr os cr it, pr u den ce, rh o do mon ta de, rh u ma tis me, sc or pi on, scui p teur, sp on ta ne, spu ta tion, st o ma cal, st u pi di te, tr om pe rie, tr u 1 te, Instruction pour les personnes qui enseignent a lire. Si les consonnes empruntent des voyelles de sons differens, les voyelles unies les unesaux autres, forment avec les consonnes dont elles sont suivies, des sons, in* finiment varies, sur lesquels il est important de fixer. Tauention des jeunes personnes. Les tables suivantes offrent un grand nombre de sons tous formes de Punion de piusieurs voyelles. Afin de sauver aux personnes qui instruisent, l'embarras de les articuler avec nettete, on a mis, a cote de chaque son, des mots dans lesquels sont employes les sons qu'on doit faire prononcer a un enfant. 11 faut faire remarquer aux eleves .les articulations differentes que donnent aux voyelles, les deux points qu'elles portent en tete, comme dans laic aere, 8cc. xliv TRESOR D£ LA JKUxVESSE. Voyelles unies a d'autres voyelles, ou placees a leur suite, etformant avec les consonnes ou les voyelles dont elles sont suivies, une ou plusieurs syllabes. on prononce comme dans on prononce comme dans Ae ae re aoul s aoul sea Ma que aur M aur aen C aen aut £ aut ai bal ai aux ch aux ai 1 ai tiere ay C ay lus ai 1 at c aya attr aya nt aie h aie aye r aye aient p aient ayen Bise ayen ai'eul bis ai'eul ayer beg ayer aide A del aide ayeux B ayeux ail b ail ayon cr ayon aille can aille aim ess aim Ea mang ea ain p ain ean J ean ains m ains eant afflig eawJ aint cr aint eat Bor eat air ch air ear B ear nois aire capill aire eat B eat ais d ais eau gat ear* aYs m ais eaux moin eaux ait fait ee nu ee aix p aix een Idum een ao cac ao ees ach ees aon p aon eia pi ez'a de out A out eide Ner eide aoux Chi aoax eil ort ^i/ au P aw eille bout eille aiis Em aiis tien pleb ezerc aud ch awa* eim Ben /jet 772 aul Paw/ ein fr tin aulx f aulx cindre f eindre TRES0R DE LA JEUNESSE. xlv on prononce comrae dans on prononce comme dans eint p eivt ieme trent ieme eing s eing ien magic ien eio Ang eio logie ieux Br ieux eoir ass eoir ient t ient eois bourg eois ier chart ier eoie alv cole iere tan iere eon pig eon iers f iers eot mig o ier iette d iette eu bl eu ieu I ieu euf b OBuf ieue ban I ieue eufs n eufs ieux p ieux euil d euil 10 CI i'o euille f euille iole bab iole eur p eur ion ambit ion eut p eut iu ab iu cux d eux Dr ya de ey Bug ey yen Ca yen ne eyer grass eyer yer piaido i/fr yon Ba yon nais iable chat iable iade Dr iade oa c oa guler ia mar iu ge oar bez oard ial Offic ial oeil ceuil iam S iam oeufs !ien, croix de buis, crois-moi, cuir ct chair, cuit au four, crue d'eau, dais en l'air, ciain vieux, deuil de cour, deux a deux, dieu des dieux, doigt au trou, doigts courts, doit tout, doux au coeur, doit et haut, eau-de-vie, faim el soif, fais bien, fais-ceaux, fait a tout, fait au tour, faix lourd, feux de bois, feux de nuit, faint et faux, fier et haut, fleur et fruit, foie de veau, foi de Roi, foin et grain, fouet de cuir, four chaud, frais et gai, frein doux, froid noir, fruits et fleurs, fuir loin, gai et gue, gai noir, guet a pied, gueux a rouer, grains et foins, eau de S. Cloud, grue en l'air, eux et vous, groin de truie, ceuf frais, ceufs cuits, ceil de boeuf, haie de buis, haut et fier, hier au soir, houx noueux, lii TRESOR DE LA JEUNESSE. houe de bois, huis clos, huit fois, Jean et Louis, jeu d'oie, jeux de main, j'eus eier, joie au cceur, jouet a jouer, joue a joue, jour et nuit, joug et Juif, Juin et Mai, laid et fou, lait chaud, laie et loup, 1'air et I'eau, lie et Leu, lient tout, lieux saints, lieue loin, loi et loix, loin d'eux, Louis trois, loup et laie, lui et vous, iVlai et Juin mail a jouer, main- te -finis, main-tien, mais au moins, Maur et Louis, maux de cceur, meus et muet, le mien, le tien, mieux fait, muers et muert, mie de pain, niiel doux, moi et eux, mois d'Aout, moins bien, mou-leur, muet et sourd, muids d'eau, nain a pied, neuf et trois, nie et nient, noir de peau, Noel et Jean, iioue et nouent, noue en deux, nous et eux, nuit et jour, nue et nuee, oit et oient, oie et ouais, oui et ouies, oint et saint, ouir et voir, ours noir, pain c.uit, paix de Dieu, pays de Caux, paie de Roi, pair laic, paon en 1'air, peau de chien, Paul et Louis, peur et fuir, peu-a-peu, peint en beau, pieu de bois, pied a pied, pied de Hoi, plait a Dieu, plaint de tous, plein d'eau, pl'e et plient, pi\ ds et poix, poi^ en ileurs, pleurs et pleut, peut-on voir, point ou tout, poing court, poil roux, plaie au cceur, pluie en Fair, prie Dieu, prient tous, proue a l'eau, puits et sceau, quai neuf, quart et quint, quant et quanck quel qiril s>oh, queue de loup, quoi qu'il ait, quint et quart, qu'un y soit, qiron le lie, THfcS Hi DE LA JfcU^ESSE. liii raye et rayent, soif et fairn, raie et reins, soi seul, Reims et Rouen, soin a tout, rien en tout, Rois des Rois, roue et rouet, roux et bleu, rouet et roue, rue St. Louis, sain et sauf, Saint Leu, saute en Pair, sceau du Roi, soir et soie, sois a moi, soit et soient, sourd a tour, sous la main, suie en leu, suit a pied, suit" neuf, suis-moi, taie a 1'ceiK seing et sceaux, taut et tous, sein el saints, tient en noir, sceur de lait, saoui de tout, seul a seul, seuil de bois, scie a main, scieurs de bois, tient bien, tout en haut, toil en feu, trait en tr^is, traits de feu, train de bois, le sien, le mien, trois a trois, Troie et Tours, tour a tour, trou et truie, vaurien, veau cuit, veaux noirs, vain et fier, vain et vieil. voeux au ciel, veut et veux, vie des Saiuts, vien et vient, vieux oin^, voie de iait, voir en haut, voir le jour, vois et voient, vraib et faux, vois et vue, vue et voir, vanne et vanner, Piece de lecture, compose- e de monosyllabes. Dieu a fait le Ciel et tout ce qu'on voit sous les Cieux, tout ce qui est dans les eaux, et en tous lieux. II a fait le jour et la nuit. Dieu voit tout. II voit le bien et le mal qu'on fait II voit tout ce qui est dans nos cceurs. Dieu fait tout ce -qui lui plait. II a fait tout ce qui est dans les airs. II tient tout lesbiens dans sa main. Dieu est le Roi des Rois, le Saint des Saints, le Dieu des Dieux. Nos vceux et nos cceurs sont ce qui lui 5 * Hv TRESOR DE LA JEUNEilSE. plait de mieux. Quand on a la Foi, on croit tout ce qu'il fait pour nous. Instruction pour les personnes qui enseignent d lire. Les sons composes qui terminent les^iiflferents temps des verbes, embarrassent longtemps les enfants. Pour y remedier, on a fait entrer dans les pages 27 et 23, une suite de verbes de deux, de trois et de quatre syl- labes, ranges par ordre alphabetique: on y a rapproche les terminaisons ent, ant, ait et aient^ que les enfants confondent ordinaire rnent. II faut avoir soin de les bien exercer sur ces ditierentes terminaisons; iis n'y trouveront plus aucune difficulty dans la suite. La page xlviii contient une suite de petites phrases, ou l'on a rapproclie les verbes du mot qui n'est point verbe, pour fuire com prendre aux enfants que les trois lettres ent, se prononcent comme un e muet, a la fin d'un verbe; et que ces trois lettres se prononcent toutes a la fin de tous les autres mots. Mots de deux syl? Mots de trois syl- Mots de quatre syl- lobes. ai mer, ai mant, ai ment, ai mait, ai maient, -boi re, bu vant, boi vent, bu vait, bu vaient, labes. ab bat tre, ab bat tant, ab bat tent, ab bat tait, ab bat taient, ba Ian cer, ba Ian cant, ba Ian cent, ba Ian ^ait, ba Ian caient, labes ac cou tu mer, ac cou tu mant, ac cou tu ment, ac cou tu mait, ac cou tu maient, bal bu ti er, bal bu ti ant, bal bu ti ent, bal bu ti ait, bal bu ti aient, chan ter, cha ti cr, ca ra co ler, TRESOR DE LA JEUNESSE. \V Mots de deuce syl- Mots de iroissyl- Mots de quatre syl- labus, labes. labes. chan tant, cha. ti ant, ca ra co lant, chan tent, cha ti ent, ca ra co lent, chan tait, cha. ti ait, ca ra co lait, chan taient, cha ti aient, ca ra co laient. don ner, don nant, don nent, don nait, don naient, en fler, en riant, en fient, en flait, en flaient, for cer, for c/ant, for cent, for cait, for c/aient, de li vrer, de li vrant, de li vrent, de li vrait, de li vraient, ef fa cer, ef fa cant, ef fa cent, ef fa cait, ef fa client, fri cas ser, fri cas sant, fri cas sent, fri cas sait, fri cas saient, de me na ger, de me na geant, de me na gent, de me na geait, de me na geaient, e cha fau der, e cha fau dant, e cha fau dent, e cha fau dait, e cha fau daient, fan fa ron ner, fan fa ron nant, fan fa ron nent, fan fa ron nait, fan fa ron naient, ga gner, gour man der, ges tj cu ler, ga gnant, gour man dant, ges ti cu laot, ga gnent, gour man dent, ges ti cu lent, ga gnait, gour man dait, ges ti cu lait, ga gnaient, gour man daient, ges ti cu laient, ha cher, ha chant, ha chent, ha chait, ha chaient, ha bi ter, ha bi tant, ha bi tent, ha bi tait, ha bi taient, her bo ri ser, her bo ri sant, her bo ri sent, her bo ri sait, her bo ri saienl. lvi TRESOH DE LA JEUNESSE. Mots de deux syl- Mots de trois syl- Mots de quatre syl- labes. jou er, jou ant, jou ent, jou ait, jou aient, lui re, lui sant lui sent, lui sait, lui saient, tabes, jar di ner, jar di nant, jar di nent, jar di nait, jar di naient, la bou rer, la bou rant, la bou rent, la bou rait, la bou raient, labes. jus ti fi er, jus ti fi ant, jus ti fi ent, jus ti fi ait, jus ti fi aient, le gi ti mcr, le gi ti maiit, le gi ti merit, le gi ti mait, le gi ti maieiit, man quer, man quant, man quent, man quait v man quaierit, mas sa crer, mas sa crant, mas sa crent, mas sa era it, mor ti fi er, mor ti fi aiit, mor ti fi ent, mor ti fi ait, mas sa craient, mor ti fi aient, na ger, na geant, na gent, na geait, na geaient, ne to yer, ne to yant, ne to yent, ne to yait, ne to yaient, ne go ci er, ne go ci ant, ne go ci ent, ne go ci ait, ne go ci aient, ou vnr, cu vrant, ou vrent, ou vrait, ou vraient, pein dre, pei gnant, pei gnent, pci gnait, pei gnaient, or don ner, or don nant, or don nent, or don nait, or don naient, par cou tir, par cou rant, par cou rent, par cou rait, par cou raient, or ga in ser, or ga ni bant) or ga ni sent, or ga ni sait, or ga ni saient, phi io so pher, phi lo so phant, phi lo so phcnt, phi lo so phait, phi lo so phaient, TRE50R DE LA JEUNESSE. Ivii Mots de deux syl- Mots ds trois syl- Mots de quatresyl- labes. quit ter, quit tant, quit tent, quit tait, quit taient, ren dre, re n dant, ren dent, ren dait, ren daient, souf frir, souf frant, souf frent, souf frait, souf ii uient, tor dre, tor dant, tor dent, tor dait, tor daient, vou loir, vou lant, vou lent, vou lait, vou laient, labes. que rel ler, que rel lant, que rel lent, que rei lait, que rel laient, re pon dre, re pon dant, re pon dent, re pon dait, re pon daient, sou met tre, sou met tant, sou met tent, sou met tait, sou met taient, labes. ques ti on ner, ques ti on nant, ques ti on nent, ques ti oivnait, ques ti on naient, re com men cer, re com men cant, re com men cent, re com men cait, re com men client, sa cri fi er, sa cri fi ant, sa cri fi ent, sa cri fi ait, sa cri fi aient, te moi gner, tran qui li ser, te moi gnant, tran qui li sant, te moi gnent, tran qui li sent, te moi gnait, tran qui li sait, te moi gnaient, tran qui! li saient, ven dan ger, ven dan geant, ven dan gent, ven dan geait, ven dan geaient, EXEMPLES, ver ba li ser, ver ba ii sant, ver ba li sent, ver ba li sait, ver ba li saient, Quifont voir que Us lettres ent ont le me/ne son que /'e muety a la Jin dec mots auxqueh on fieut joindre Iviil TRESOR DE LA JEUNESSE. lis ou elles; mais qifelles se firononcent a la Jin de tous les autres mots. Les horn mes s'ai ment ra re ment. Les oi seaux cou vent sou vent. Les en fants ai ment le mou ve ment. Les pa res seux s'a ni ment dif li ci le ment. Les hon ne tes gens s'es ti ment mu tu el le ment. Les da mes s'ex pri ment de li ca te ment. Les chi me res se for ment ai se ment. Les de vots dor nie?n mol le ment. Les bons li vres s'im pri ment soi gneu se ment. Les pe tits en fants s'ac cou tu ment fa ci le ment. Les pol trons s'a iar ment ai se ment. Les fous se ren fer ment— — e troi te ment. Les grands de fauts se re for ment ra re ment. Les A va res s'en dor ment dif fi ci le ment. Les mau vais li vres se sup pri ment promp ternent. Les vicil lards s'en rhu ment -fa ci le ment. Instruction fi our les fie rsonnes qui enseigncnt a lire. S'il se trouve quelque enfant qui ne sache point lire apres ces ditferentes lecons, il ne fant pas aller plus loin, parce que les regies et les operations suivantes ne sent destinees qu'a perfectionner la lecture, et a donner aux enfants les premieres idees de l'ortographe et de la prononciation. II n'y a alors d'autre parti a prendre, que de faire recommencer a i'eleve tardif, les elements de lecture qu'il a deja vus, simples ou composes, auivant que les premiers essais auiont plus ou moins reussi. On trouve ici une suite de voyelles et consonnes simples et composees placees suivant l'ordre alpha- betique, avec des exemples qui rendent familkre la TRESOR DE LA JEUNESSE. lix difTerente prononciation de ces voyelles on consonnes. II iaut faire lire cette partie avec le plus grand soin, et y revenir plus d'une fois: le plus sur moyen serait de la fai-e ecrire des que les enfants sont en etat de modeler leurs lettres. On a suivi l'ordre alphabetique pour mettre les eleves en etat de trouver aisement chaque lettre ou son, lorsqu'ils se trouveront arretes sur quelque prononci- ation. Des voyelles longues Les voyelles longues soDt celles qui se prononcent lentement. EXEMPLES. le hale, un matin, un male, une chasse, de la pate, une tache, un hetre, un pretre, un gite, un goitre, un cloitre, une buse, «ne muse, ai se prononce e. On ecrit on prononce. j'aimai je donnai je lirai je ferai j erne, je donne, je lire, je fere, et des voyelles breves. Les voyelles breves, soDt celles qui se prononcent promtement. EXEMPLES. une halle, le matin, une malle, la chasse, une patte, une tache, une herse, une pretresse, le giron, un goinffre, une cioison, un buste, une mule. ai se prononce e. On ecrit on prononce. baisser besser, abaissement abessement, bieser, kessier, ay se prononce ey. On ecrit on firononce, crayon creyon, biaiser caissier niaiser mauvais naitre nieser, mauves, netrc, Il TRESOR DE LA JEUNESSE. rayon payer pays paysan reyon, peyer, pens, peisan. am a quelquefois le meme son qu'em. ambition empire, ample emploi, flamme femme, lampe remplir, tambour temple. ain ein, in y ont le meme bon. dedain, ciessein, destin; essaim, retVein, mutin; grain, feint, fin; faim, p' in, vin; humain, serein, serin; pain, peint, pin; plainte, teinte, singe; sainte, feinte, quinte. m ait re metre, notaire noteie, plane plere. an a quelquefois le meme son quVrc. avant bannir demande fange landes avent, mentir, amende, fente, lente. eau a le meme son que au. anneau nauirage, bateau bedeau caveau flambeau gateau hameau more eau pinceau rouleau taupe, daube, vautour, baume, autel, mauve, sauce, sauteur, Laudes. aen, ean, ent, aon, se prononce an; ils ont le meme son dans Caen, Jean, dent, paon, faon, Laon, excepte taon et taonner. facade glac^on Proven^ale rangon gallon c se prononce s et k. EXEMPLES. arcade, blacon, cascade, flacon, gascon, macon for 5 at concu rinc^ures Macon, placard, vaincu, rancune. TREbOR DE LA JEUNESSE. lxi finale ne se prononce point devant une con- sonne. final se prononce devant une voyelle. EXEMPLES, EXEMPLES. .blanc raisin, du blanc au noir, cierc novice, de clerc a maitre, franc frippon, franc etourdi, pore marc frais, d ? or, pore epi, Marc Entoine. c se prononce a la fin de c ne se prononce point, plus ieurs mots. lorsqu'il est suivi d'une EXEMPLES. consonne. Ii faut ecrire. almanac ammoniac, un estomac plein, estomac tabac, du tabac d'Espagne; aspect avec, mais il faut prononcer aspic syndic, estoma plein, baroc estoc, taba d'Espagne. muse Turc. ch se prononce che et ke. EXEMPLES. chr se prononce kre. EXEMPLES. che ke change, charite, Archange, Eucharistie, Chretien, Saint Chreme, afneheur, choeur, chretiennement, echope, chocolat, chorographie, chorus, Christophe, christianisme, choc, echo, chute, catechumene, chymie, chuchotter, Chinois, chronique, chronographe, chronologie, chrysalide. echarpe, c se prononce quelquefois §\ EXEMPLES. on ecrit on firononce. Claude Glaude, 6 lkii TRESOR DE LA JEUNESSE. cicogne cigogne, second segond, secondement segondement, seconder segonder, secret segret, secretaire segretaire, secretariat segretariat, d se prononce t a la fin des mots, lorsqu'il est suivi d'une voyelle ou d'uneA non aspiree. EXEMPLES. on ecrit on prononce grand apotre grant apotre, grand ecrivain grant ecrivain, grand homme grant homme, second hymenee secont hymenee, second article secont article, quand il boit quant il boit, quand on veut quant on vout, vend-il? vent-il? vend-elle? vent-elle? vend-on? vent-on? se defend-il? se defent-il? perd-elie? pert-elle? On supprime le d dans le mot pied. On dit, mettre fiie a terre, et non pas fiie ta terre. c est ouvert dans tous les monosyllabes termines par une s. II f ant firononcer ces, des, les, mes, ses, tes, comme s'il y avmit ^accent grave, ces, des, les, mes, ses, i)$, II y a une exception pour le discouis familier; on le prononce ferme, comme s'il y avait l'accent aigu. On ecrit on prononce ces livres c6s livres, TRESOR DE LA JEUNESSE. lxili des homrnes des hommes, les femmes les femmes, mesgens mes gens, ses habits ses habits, tes meubles. tes meubles. e est encore ouvert devant quelques consonnes. appel j'appelle, bel belle, cartel il ecartelle, chancel il chancelle, hydromel hirondelle, nouvel nouvelle, amer cancer, enfer Jupiter, hier, fier, mer, &c. € est ferme devant une consonne dans les mots suivans. on ecrit on firononce amandier amandie, barbier barbie, cordelier cordelie, damier damie, j^ardinier jardinie, ouvrier ouvrie, patissier patissie, savetier savetier. eu se prononce comme u. On ecrit on firononce Eustache Ustache, a jeun a jun, gn se prononce gue-me dans plusieurs mots. on ecrit on firononce stigmates sti gue ma tes, augmenter au gue men ter, diaphragme dia phra gue me, enigmatique, e ni gue ma ti que* Ixiv TRE30R DE LA JEUNESSE. gn se prononce gue> on ecrit inexpugnable magnetique gnome. gn se prononce qu on ecrit assignation assigner magnilique signer i on ecrit incognito • ne dans quelques mots. on prononce in ex pu gue na ble, ma gue ne ti que, gue no me. elqutfois simplement n. on firononce assination, assiner, manifique, siner. on firononce incognito, comme dans epargne, epagneul, h aspiree. On firononce Vh dans les mots suivansy hache haro heros hibou hotte htjro housse hautbois houlette Holland e huguenot h ne se prononce point quand on ecrit l'heure l'histoire l'honneur Thumeur h non apiree. On ne prononce point Ph dans les mots sui~vansy habit habile heroine histoire bote heure horloge hopital hotel hostilite humanite. elle est apres une consonne. on prononce leura listoire lonneur lumeur 1RES0R DE LA JEUNESSE. lx? theolog ie teologie ad he re i aderer rheteui reteur Rhin Rin Rhone Rone rhubart >e rubarbe rhume rume. Une / simpl e ou deux // precedes de la voyelle i 9 ont ' un son liquide et mouille. ail aille eil eiUc bail bataille appareil abeille cail canaille conseil corbeille corail ecaille orgueil groseille detail futaille orteille treille email grisaille pareil pareille gaillard hmaille reveil merveille mail muraille sommeil sommeille portail paille soleil oseille seraii tenaille vermeil vermeille vieillard Versailles. vieii vieiile. il ille ouil ouille euil euille Avril anguille fenouil Auteuil babil babille andouille Argenteuil chenil cheville verouil Arcueil gril etrille bredouille cerfeuil fournil famille citrouille Choiseuil mil graine mandille depouille ecureuil nombril quille gazouille fauteuil peril pointille grenouille feuille persil quadrille farfouille seuil sillon gargo«ille veuille exceptions. patrouille Gille ville rouille mil nombre mille sou il lure. subtil subtile. 6 * iXVl TRESOR DE LA JEL'N£1' m se prononcc quelquctbis n EXEMPLES. on ecrit on firona Ambassade Anbassade bombarder bondarder compter coupler combien conbien damnation dannation emmener enmener exempter excnptei importun inportun nombre nonbre ombrage onbrage pompeux ponpeux prompt pronpt Samson Sanson. m se prononce dans les mots suivants; Amsterdam immobile amnistie insomnie calomnie presomptif exemption somptueux hymne somnambule indemnite symptome immediat immense. n a la fin des monosyllabes se joint toujours a la voyelle suivant et a Vh non aspiree. EXEMPLES. on ecrit on firononce bien adroit bien n'adroit bien etourdi bien n'etourdi bien instruit bien n'instruit bien ombrage bien n'ombrage bien utile bien n'utile bien habile bien n'habile TRESOR D£ LA JEUNESSE. Ixvii t>ien heureux bien n'heureux bien historie bien n'historie bien honnete bien n'honnete bien humide bien n'humidie on avance on n'avance Pon.instruit Pon tj'instruit bon -enfant bon n'erilant mon ouvrage mon n'ouvrage rien en tout rien n'en tout son ami son n'ami ton habit ton n' habit mon honneur mon n* honneur. ei se prononce oi et ai. roitelet coupait EXEMPLES. soiree permit •avoir avait tOR on c mptait boire bnvait voirie li ait croisee crorsait Ch inois connais devoir devait Danois Charolais exploit contemplait S.J Francois Fran^ais foire faible Gaulois Bordelais gioire Anglais PArtois Ecossais histoire j'eiais Genois Hollandais machoire machait Sianois Bourbonnais noire connait // n'y a que I'usage qui afifirenne cette difference, ph se prononce f. phrase EXEMPLES. emphatique Phaeton Phebus alpha Prophete Pharaon phenomene asphalte prophetique pharmatie Amphion emphase philtre IxvJii TRESOR DB LA JEUNESSR. amplribie mfetaphore philosophic phosphor© physique fit se prononce aussi fis. EXAMPLES. fit fi s aptitude nuptial adoptif adoption corruptible corruption Egypte Egyptien inepte ineptie presomptif presomption optique °P tion obreptice obreption souscripteur souscription subreptice subreption. fit se prononce quelquefois simplement (. EXEMPLES. on ecrit ° n firononce Apt ville A* bapteme bateme compte c0 » tc ptisanne t' sanne presomptif prosomtif somptueux somtueux sept set septieme setieme symptome symtome sculpteur sculteur sculpture sculture fi se prononce a la fin des monosyllabes, avant une voyelle ou une h non aspiree. EXEMPLES. trop aimable trop habile trop etourdi trop h6roique TRESOR DE LA JEUNESSE. lxix trop insolent trop historie trop opulent trop honourable trop utile nop humain Ji ne se prononce pas avant une consonne ou une h aspiree. trop badin trop hardi trop delicat trop heriss-e trop difficile trop hideux trop colere trop honteux trop durement trop hupe On ne prononce point le fi dans le mot loufi. q se prononce a la fin des mots cinq et coq, lorsqu'Hs sont avant une voyelle ou une h non aspiree. cinq, amandes un CGq etranger cinq homines un coq irrite. q ne se prononce point devant une consonne. On ecrit on firononce cinq figues cin figues cinq pommes cin po limes un coq d'inde un co d'inde. qua se prononce coua dans les mots suivanfs. On ecrit on firononce aquatique accouatique equateur £couateur equation ecouation quadragenaire couad ragenaire quadrangulaire couad rangulai re quad rage si me couadragesime quadrature couadrature quadrupede couadrupede des in-quarto des in-couarto. quinqua se prononce cuincoua dans les mots suivants. On ecrit on firononce quinquagenaire cuincouagenaire quinquagesime cuincouagesime quinconce cuinconce lxx TRESOR DE LA JEUNESSE. Quintilien Cuintilien Quintre-curce Cuinte-curce equestre ecuestre quesleur cuesteur r se prononce doucement a me se prononce point lors- la fin des mots, lorsqu'il qu'il est suivi d'une con- suit une voyelle ou une h sonne ou d'une h aspiree. non aspiree. on firononce sans r. aimer ardemment aimer tendrement servir efficacement servir promptement partir incognito partir secretement parler obligement parler facilement se presenter humblement se presenter hardiment arriver heureusement publier hautement se retirer honnetement. se retirer honteusement. 2 8S entre deux voyelles se s entre deux voyelles prononcent tontes deux. a le son du z. basse base bassin basin boisseau oiseau buisson oison casser causer chausse chose coussin cousin ecrevisse eglise massue masure moisson maison poisson poison rosse rose ruisseau roseau tasse extase vassal vase ilfaut excefiter. chase asdrubal resusciter disgrace TRESOR DE LA JEUNESSE. Ixxi pre seance presentir presentiment s se prononce z a voyelle bons amis grands enemis gros interets petits obstacles anciens usages longues habitudes premiers honneurs apres eux rues ouvrages tes officiers leb affronts leurs amis les ennemis nos eniants bonnes affaires tes offres ses appas tous ensemble tres-eloquent tres-honnete vous et moi ils iront elles en sont. presbytere transiger transaction transition Tisbe transvaser. la fin des mots, lorsqu'il suit une ou une h non aspiree. Exceptions fiour le discours familier, ou Von dit sans s. sages et verteux belles et bonnes bonnes a manger douces au gout comrne s^ily avait sage et vertueux belle et bonne bonne a manger douce au gout. s se prononce toujours * la fin des mots. Agnus Bacchus Bolus Cadmus Cresus Darius Danaus Iris, Mars Momus Phalaris Pirithous Romulus Setniramis. lxxii TRESOR DE LA JEUNESSE. sc se prononce sq dans les sc sc prononce s$ dans les mots suivans. scaramouche scapulaire Scamandre scandale scarification Scaron scribe Scot scorbut scorpion sculpleur scrupuie scrutin. mots suivans. scavant scelerat scene sceptre sceaux scicr science scion scieure faisceaux. on ecrit schisme on firononce chisme. Quelquefois t ne se prononce point a la fin des mots. EXEMPLES. avant aspeet district instinct respect suspect t se prononce a la fin des mots, lorsqu'il suit une voyelle ou une h non aspiree. EXEMPLES. fort aimable fort habile tout entier cent hommes petit ignorant scavant ecrivain savant homtne. aspect agreable district etendu instinct admirable respect infini suspect en tout. t ne se prononce point, lorsqu'il suit une con- sonne ou une h aspiree. EXEMPLES. fort content for honteux tout nouvcau tout hors d'haleinc petit faquin. TR'ESOR DE LA JEUNESSE. Ixxiii II faut aussi dire sans t. un fort imprenable un enfant instruit ui) port a couvert scavant et poli, &c. tia se prononce aussi sza. EXEMPLES. Astianax abbatial bestial initial bestialite Martial tiare nuptial. tiif se^jo^ononee aussi sie. tio se prononce sio. EXEMPLES. EXEMPLES. tie sie tio sio >Ue aristocratie bastion action ami tie baibutier combustion collation amortie democratic gestion taction bostie essentiel question nation. moitie ineptie ortie initier pa me minutie pdtie prophetie deux se prononce toujours ticn se prononce tcujo sieux. tien EXEMPLES. EXEMPLES. ambitieux chretien captieux. entretien facecieux maintien factieux so ut i en seclitieux. a Pexctfition cits de u forme un son separe de l'i dans les mots suivants. ambiguke, aiguille, aiguiser, appui, autrui, aujourd'hui, buisson, conduire, cuivre, fluide, 7 mots. Capetien Egyptien. Yu se confond avec Vi dans les mots suivans. anguille, beguine deguiser, figuier, guide, bequille, Bourguignon, guider, Guillauroe, Ixxiv THES0R DE L\ JEUNESSE. Guise, instruire, luire, muids, nuire, puise, mine, suivre, suicide, traduire, &c. guillemet, guise, sanguinaire, vuide vuider, &c. x se prononce cs dans les x se prononce g z dans mots les mots Alexandre examen Alexis exemple axiome exiler auxiliaire exorde fixer exhumer. taxer. z rend ferme Ve q ui le pre z rend ouvert Ve qui le cede dans les mots precede clans les mots allez-y Sanchez venez-y. Rodriguez. x a le son de deux ss dans x a le son du z dans les les mots mots on ecrit on firononce sixain sizain Auxerre sixieme sizieme Bruxelles. dixain dizain dixieme dizieme x a le son d'une s dans les mots Xaintonge soixante. x a le son du z a la fin des mots, avant une voyelle. beaux yeux officieux ami genereux ennemis precieux office. y a le son de deux ii entre deux voyelles. aboyer Bayonne be gayer y n'a que le son d*un i entre deux consonnes. amygdales collyre diachylon TRESOR DELA JEUNESSE. 1XXV crayonner hydropisie employer lymphe fayancier olympe larmoyier physique moyen sympathie noyer symptomes payer rayonner. Lorsqu'une voyelle a deux points, elle doit etre pro- noncee separement de celle qui la precede, atheisme poete Cain Pirithoiis de'fste Raphael hair Salil Judaique stoi'cien la'ique Moise naif Instruction pour les personnes qui enseignent a lire Pour mieux faire connaitre aux enfants les voyelles longues et celles qui sont breves, il faut enfin leur mettre sous les yeux un petit extrait du traite qu'en a fait Mr. L'abbe d'Olivet. C'est un ouvrage neuf et precieux, qui devrait etre entre les mains de tous ceux qui ont le gout de notre langue. Mr. L'abbe d'Olivet divise les voyelles en longues* breves et dcuteuses; mais pour ne point embarssser let* enfants, on ne les divise ici qu'en longues et breves. PROSODIE FRANCAISE. 5 A, premiere lettre de notre alphabet, long. — Un petit c, un grand a, une panse d'a (*) il ne scait ni a ni b. "('*) Panse veut dire ventre. 11 signifie ici la partie de lettre qui avarice: cela veut dire, il n'a pas fait la moitic d'un lettre. 5XXVI THESOR DE LA JEUNESSR. A, preposition & -verbe est bref. — Je suis a Paris, j'ecris a Rome, il a ete, il a parle, A, long dans acre, age, agnus, ame, ane, anus, apre, kc. A, bref dans apotre, apprendre, altere, il chanta, kc. ALJE, long dans Arabc, astrolabe. ABE, brcf dans syllabe, syllabaire. ABLE, long dans cable, diable, erable, fable, rable, sable, on accable, il habie. ABLE, bref dans aimable, capable, durable, raisonna- ble, table, etable. ABRE, toujours long, cinabre, sabre, il se cabre, deia- breiy se cabrer. AC, toujours bref: Almanach, bac, sac, estomac, tillac. JLes filuriels toujours long's, ACE. long dans espace, grace, on lace, on delace, on entrelace. ACE, bref dans audace, glace, preface, tenace, vorace, place. Mr. Desfireaux ne connaissait point sans doute crtte delicatesse, lorsqifil a fait rimer preface avec grace: Un autevr a genoux dans vne humble Preface, Au lecteur qu'il ennvie a beau demmtaer grace. ACHE, long dans lache, gache, tache, se iacher, nia- cher, relacher, kc. ACHE, bref dans tache, moustache, vache, Eustache, il se cache, kc. ACLE, toujours lonp:, racier, oracle miracle, obfetii spectacle, tabernacle; ACRE, lortfPdans &cii*-'fifguant, sacrc, ozV ACRE, bref dans acre de tcrre, diacre, nacre, sacr- Nvi. ADE, toujours bref; aubacle, casca e, il persuade, kc. TRESOR DE LA JEUNESSE. JxxvH ADRE, long dans cadre, escadre, quadrer, encadrer, mad re. ADRE, bref dans ladre. AFFE, APHE, AFFRE, toujours brefs; caraffe, 6pita- phe, agraphe, saffre, balafTre, 8cc. AFLE, long dans rarle, je rafle, rafler, erafler. AGE, long dans age. AGE, bref dans rage,, page. AGNE, long dans je gagne, gagneiv AGNE, bref dans campagne, Ascagne. AGUE, bref dans bague, dague, vague, extravaguer, &c. AIGNE, toujours bref: dans chataigue, baigner, daig- ne, saigner. AIGRE, long dans maigre, maigreur. AIGRE, bref dans aigre, vinaigre. AIL, bref dans bercail, Detail, evantail, &c. Les filuriels longs. AILLE, long dans bataille, caille, maille, railler, ri- mailler, &c. AILLE, bref dans medaille, emailler, travailler, et aux indicatifs: je detaille, j'emaille, je bataille. AILLET et AILLIR, toujours brefs; maillet, paillet, jaillir, assaillir. AILLON, long dans baillon, haillon, penaillon, nous taillons, &c. AILLON, bref dans bataillon, medaillon, emaillons, de- taillons, travaillons, &c. AINE, long dans ehaine, haine, gaine, je traine. AINE, bref dans fontaine, plaine, capitaine, hautaine, souveraine. AIRE, long dans une aire, chaire, une paire, il eclaire. AIR, bref dans l'aire, chair, eclair, pair. 7 * XXVJU AIS, AISE, AL8SE, caisse qu'ii pahse. AIT, AITE, longs dans il plait, il nait, ii p traits, parfaits, &c. AIT, AiTE, bref dans attrah, ii fait, par- faite, Tctraite. ALE, long dans hale, pale, mile, raler, AL. ALE, ALLE, bteTs dans royal, bah moral, cL noaHe scanciaie, &e. \IVJE, AM ME, longs dans ame, infante, b'ame, ft) mc, nous aimarnes, nous chantames; et tout ttrits, en ames. AME, AMME, brefs dans dame, epigiamme, estamt, 1 ame, enflammei *, j'enflamme, &c. ANE, ANNE, AMN, longs dans crane, les manes, tie ia manne, clamner, condamner, &;c. ANE, ANNE, brefs dans cabane, organe, organise, panne, panneiier. APE, long dans rape, rape, raper. APE, APPE, brefs dans pape, frappe, frapper, sappe, sapper. ARE, ARHE, longs dans avare, barbare, barre, bisar- re, je nregare, tiare, barreau, barriere, larron, carrosse, canieie. ARE, ARHE, bref dans avarice, barbaric, ]t rais, arnarrer, &c. AVE, long da y is conclave, enirave, gravt,, je pave, Sec. AV, AV r E, brefs dans couciaviste, gravier, aggraver, pa v cur, &c. ECS, lowg dans les Grecs, les echecs. EC, bref dans sec Grec, echec. EBLE, EBRE, ECE, brefs dans hieblc, funebre, niece, piece. EC HE long dans beche, leche, gritahf, reveche, p&che y% fruit $ ou Paction de firtmdre Ic fioisson. Ixxis .:-e, fiechc, flamniechc, seche, peche, pecher, - ECEE, EDE, EDEK, brefs dans siecle, tiede, remede, ceder, posseder, &c. EE, toujours longs a la fin dcs mots: pensee, aimee; ft ainsi des autrrs. voyellts suivies d'u?i e mveu lie, joiic, nue, &c. EPS, EFFE* longs dans chef, greffe, he. EF, Ef FE, brefs dans c £ erTet, &c. EPFLE, long cfo/*s neffie, EFFLE, bref dans ireffle, >ng dans college, sacrilege, siege. &c. EGE, EGLE,4ilGLE, brefr ^ r^ie, seigle, EGNE, long dans regne, douegiie, Sec, EGNE, EIGNE, brefs dans irapregrne, peigne, ensei- gne, q u 1 1 feigne. EG RE, EGUE. dans alleguer, begue, coliegue, inte^re, negre. ' ° HIE, EIEEE, longs dans vieil, vieillard, vieillesse. EJL, EILLE, brefs dans abeille, soleil, sommeille, &c, EIN, EINT, longs an /ilur, depeints, desseins, sereins. EIN, EINT, brefs da?is atteint, depeint, dessein, serein, &c. EINE, long dans reine. E, presque bref dans peine, veine. L ' XfE ' toujours long: atteime, depeintc, feinte, Uc, EI THE, longs dans reitre. EEE, EELE, long dans zele, poele, frele, peie-mele, 11 grele, it se fele, paralelie. ELE, ELLE. brefs dans modele, fklele, immortelle, ivbeie, &c. EM, EN, long dans temple, exemple, gendre, prendre, cimenter, tenter. 1XXX TRESOR DE LA JEUNESSE. EM, EN, brefs, lorsque la consonnc est redoublee com?ne dans emmener, ennemi, Sec. et d la Jin des mots item, amen, examtn, hymen, Bethieem. EME, long dans apozeme, bapteme, creme, Diademe. EME, bref dans je seme, tu semes, il seme, Sec. ENE, ENNE, longs dans alene, chene, scene, gene frene, Athenes, antennes. ENE, ENNE, brefs dans qu'il apprenne, etrenne, phe- nomene, qu'il prenne, Sec. EPP, EPRE, longs dans crepe, guepe, vepres. EPRE, bref dans lepre, lepreux, Sec. EPTE, EPTRE, toujours* brefs: il accepte, sceptre, spectre, preceple. EQUE, long dans eveque, archeveque. EQUE, ECQUE, brefs dans Grecques, bibliotheques, obseques. ER, long dans amer, enfer, hiver, verd, leger, &c. ER, bref dans Jupiter, Esther, et dans les in/initifs, louer, manger, Sic. ERC, bref dans clerc, &c. ERE, ERR, longs dans chimere, pere, il erre, il espere, sincere, perruque, nous verrons. ERE, ERR, brefs dans chimerique, esperer, sincerite, erreur, erronne, errata, Sec. ESE, long dans il pese. ESE, bref dans pese-t-il? ESSE, long dans abesse, professe, compresse, on me presse, expresse, cesse, lesse. ESSE, bref dans caresse, paresse, tendresse adresse, Sec. ESTE, ESTRE, brefs dans modeste, leste, terrestre. ET, EST, longs dans arret, benet, foret, genet, pret, acquet, appret, interet, tet, protet, il est, Sec. ET, bref dans cadet, bidet, sujet, hochet, marmouzet, Sec. TRESOl*. DE LA JEUNESSE. Ixxxi Et long dans les filuriels. ETE. long dans be*e, fete, honnete, boete, tempete, quete arrete, &c. ETE. href dans prophete, poete, comete, tablette, hou- lette, ETRE, long dans etre, ancetre, salpetre, fenetre, pretre, hetre, charnpetre, guetre, je me depetre. ETRE, ETTRE, brefs dans diametre, il penetre, let> tre, mettre, &c. EULE, long dans meule, veule, Sec. EULE, bret dans seuie, gueule, &c. EUN'E, long dans jeiine, abstinence. EUNE, bref dans jeune, en fiarlant de la jf'unesse. EURE, long dans cette Jille est majeure, y attends de- fiuis une heure. EURE, bref dans la majeure, une beure entire. EVRE, longcfaws orphevre, levre, chevre, lievre. EVR, EVRE, brefs dans levreue, chevrier, levraut, ci.evreuii. IDRE, VDRE, longs dans hydre, cidre, IGE, long dans tige, prodige, litige, je m*oblige, il s'af- flig-e. IGE, brefs dans obiiger, s'afRiger, &c. ISLE, longs dans isle, et presqu'isie, &c, ISLE, bref part out ai/leurs. IRE, long dans empire, cire, ecrirc, il soupire, ii desire, IRE, bref dans sou pi re r, de-si re tf, &c. ITE, ITRE, longs dans benite, gitc, reg-tle, vile, &c. ITE, I I RE. bref dans benitier, reliefer, titre, arbi- trage, &c. 1VE, IV RE, longs dans tardive, captive, Juive, vivre, ivro, &'c. IVE 1VRE, brefs (fan* captiver, captivite, ivresse, &c. lxXXli TRESOR DE LA JEUNESSE. O, long dans oser, osier, oter, hote, &c. O, bref partout ailleurs et au commencement des mots: hotel, hotellerie. OBE long dans globe, lobe, &c. OB, OBE, bref dans globule, obelisque, et fiartout ail- leurs. ODE, long dans roder, je rode. ODE, bref dans mode, antipode. OGE, long dans le seul mot: le Doge. OGE, bref dans eloge, horloge, deroger, et partout ail- leurs, OGNE, brefs dans je rogne. OGNE, bref dans trogne, Bourgogne, et partout ail- leurs. OIENT, long aupluriel: ils avoient, ils chantoicnt. OIT, bref au singulier: il avoit il chantoit. 01 N, long dans oint, moins joindre, pointe. OIN, bref dans loin, besoin, moins, jointure, appointe. OIR, OIRE, longs dans boire, glcire, dortoir, histoire, memoire. OIR, OIRE, brefs dans espoir terroir, territoire, ecri- toire. OIS, toujours long a la Jin d'un mot: Anglais, bour- geois, Francais. OIS, bref dans bourgeoisie, foison, foisonner. OLE, long dans drole, geole, mole, controle, role, il enjole, il enrole, il vole, de voler en Pair. OL, OLE, OLLE, brefs dans geolier, controlleur, rolet, il vole, (il derobe.) CM, ON, longs, lorsque I'm on I'n n'est pas redoubled comme dans bombe, conte, monde, &c. OM, ON, brefs, lorsque Vm ou Pn est redoublee, comme dans sommeil, connaitre, monnoie; je sonnais. OME, ONE, longs dans atome, axiome, amazone, prone, aumone, &c. TRE30R DE LA JEUNESSE. lxxxiii OME, ONE, brefs lorsgue la consonne est redoublee i somme, pomme, consonne, cuuronne, &c. OR, ORE, OKPS,ORS, longs dans encore, hors, corps, pecore, je decore. OR, ORE, brefs, dans encor, decore, evapore, &c. OT, long dans depot, prevot, entrepot, rot, tot. OT, bref dans despote, impotent, depte, prevotal. OTE, long dans cote, cote, bote, j'ote, nota, maltote. OTE, bref lorsgue la consonne est redouble e, hotte, cotte et dans les mots filotte, note, motet, &c. OTRE, long avec l 9 accent circomjlexe\ le notre, le vo- tre apotre. OTRE, bref lorsqu/il n'a fioint d'accent, notre ami, voire affaire. OUE, OUDRE, longs dans poudre, moudre, resoudre, ii loue. roue. OUL, OUDRE, OUE', brefs dans pondre, moulu, loue, roue, &x. OUiLLE,long dans rouilie, j'embrouille, il debrouille, &c. OUILLE, bref dans rouilie, brouillon, brouiilard, &c. OURRE, long dans de la bourre, il bourre, il fourre, qu'il cuurre. OURRE, bvtf dans bourrade, courrier, rembourre, &c. OUSSE, long dans pousser, je pousse, &c. OUSS, OUSSE, bref dans tousser, je tousse, coussin, &c OUTE, long dans joute, je goute, croute, voute, il se degoute. OUTE, bref dans ajouter, couteau, il doute. OUTRE, long dans coutre, poutre. OUTRE, bref dans outre, outrance, et fiartout ailleurs^ UCHE, longs dans buche, embuche, on debuche, &c. UCHE, bref dans bucher, bucheron, debucher, &c. ixXXlV TRES0R DE LA JELNESSE. UE, toujours long; vue, cohue, tortue, on distribue, & : UE, fires que bref dans It seul mot ecuelle. UGE, long dans deluge, refuge, juge, ils jugent. UGE, bref dans juger, refugier, &c. ULE, long dans bruler, je briile. ULE, ULLE, brefs dans bulle, mule, &c. UM, UME, long dans un, hunible, j'emprunte, par- fums, bruns, nous recu'nes, nous ne pumes, &c. UM, UME, brefs dans un, humblement, brume, par- fume, brune, petun, petune, un, une, dur.es, liunes. URE, long dans augure, parjure, on assure, &c. URE, bref dans augurer, parjure r, assurer, &c. USE, long dans excuse, je recuse, muse, ruse, incluse. &c. USE, bref dans excuser, recuser, refuser, &c. USSE, long dans, je pusse, je connusse, ils accourus sent, &c. UGE, bref dans aumuse, a^tuce, puce,&c. UT,long dans tons les verbes ausubjonctij\ qu'il mourut, ct dans le scul wot fut, &c. UT, bref dans tous les verbes a I'indicatif, il fut, ii mourut, et dans les subs tan tifs, affut, scorbut, &c. BOOK I. TRANSLATION OF WORDS. Calypso ne pouvoit se consoler du depart Calypso not was able heiself to console of the departure d'Ulisse. Bans sa douieur, elle se 4 trouvoit of Ulysses. In her grief, she herself found malheureuse d'etre immortelle. Sa grotte ne unhappy of to he immortal, Her grotto not resonnoit plus de son chant: les Nymphes qui lesounded more of her singing: the Nymphs who la servoient n'osoient lui parle-r. Eile se her served not dared to her speak. She herself promenoil sou vent seule sur les gazons fleuris walked often alone on the turf flowered dont un printemps eternei bordoit son isle; mais of which an spring eternal bordered her island: but ces beaux lieux, loin de moderer sa douieur, ne these beautiful places, far of to moderate her grief, not faisoient que lui rappeiler ie triste souvenir d'UIysse, made but to her to recall the sad remembrance of Ulysses, qu'elle y avoit vu tant de fcis aupres d'elle whom she there had seen so mam of times near of her TRANSLATION OF IDEAS. Calypso could not console herself for the departure of V »es. In herjgrief, she found herself unhappy in being immor- tal. Her gratto no more resounded with her song: the NymphB who waited upon her dared not speak to her. She often walk- ed alone upon the flowery turf with which an eternal spring bordered her inland; but these beautiful places, far from mo- derating her grief, did but recall to her mind the sad remem- brance of Ulysses, whom she had seen there so frequently near her. A 2 TELEMACHUS. Souvent elle demeuroit immobile sur le rivage de la Often she remained immovable on the shore of the mer, qu'elle arrosoit de ses larmes; et eile etoit sans sea, which she bedeiced of her tears; and she was unthout cesse tournee vers le cote ou le vaisseau d'Ulysse, ceasing turned towards the side where the vessel of Ulysses, fendant les ondes, avoii disparu a ses yeux. cleaving the loaves, had disappeared to her eyes. Tout-a-coup elle apper^ut its debris d'un navire Jjjl at a blow she perceived the fragments of a ship suddenly qui venoir de faire naufrage, des bancs de rameurs which came of to make shipwreck, some benches of rowers mis en pieces, des rames eeartees 9a et la sur le put in *piects, some oars scattered here and there upon the sable, un gouvernail, uri mat, des cordages flottant sur sand, a rudder, a mast, some cordages floating on la cote puis elle decouvre de loin deux honimes, the coitst: then she discovers of far two men, dont Tun paroissoit a^e; l'autre, quoique jeune, ef whom the one appeared aged; the other, although young, refsembloit a Ulisse. 11 avoit sa douceur t sa fierte, resembled to Ulysses. He had his sweetness and his pride, avee sa taille et sa demarche majestueuse. La Deesse with his sta'ure and his walk majestic The Goddess comprit que e'etoit Telemaque, fils de ce heros: comprehended that it was Telemachus, son of that hero: mais quoique les Dieux surpassent de loin en but although the Gods surpass of far in She often remained immovable on the sea slioTe, which she bedewed with her tears; and was continually turned towards the side where the vessel of Ulysses, cleaving the waves, had disappeared from her eyes. Suddenly she perceived the fragments of a ship, which had msl been wrecked; benches of rowers broken into pieces, oars scattered here and there upon the sand; a rudder, a mast, and cordages floating on the coast: then she descried at a dis- tance, two men, one of whom appeared aged, the other, though young, resembled Ulysses. He had his mildness and .his loftine.' s, with his stature and majestic gait. The Goddess perceived that it was Telemachus, sou of that hero: but al- though the gods by far surpass in TELEMACHUS. 3 connoissance tousles hommes, ellene put decouvrir qui knowledge all the men, she not could discover who etoit cet hoinme venerable dont Telemaque etoit was that man venerable of whom Telemachus was accompagne. C'est qne ies Dieux superieurs cachent accompanied. It is that the Gods superior conceal aux inferieurs tout ce qu'il leur plait; et Minerve, to the inferior all that which it to them pleases; and Minerva, qui accompagnoit Telemaque sous la figure de Mentor, who accompanied Telemachus under the figure of JV&ntor, ne vouloit' p^s etre connue de Calypso. not was willing step to be known of Calypso. Cependant Calypso se rejouissoit d'un naufrage However Calypso herself rejoiced of a shipivreck qui mettoit dans son isle le fils d'Ulysse, si semblable which put in her isle the son of Ulysses, so like a son pere. Elle s'avance vers lui; et sans faire to his father. She herself advances towards him; and without to make semnlant de savo r qui il est: .D'ou vous vlent, seeming of to know who he is; From whence to you comes, lui dit-elle, cette temerite d'aborder en mon isle? to him said she, that temerity of to land in my isle? sachez, jeune etranger, qu'on ne vient point im- knmo young stranger, that one not comes point un- punement dans mon empire. Elle tachoit de couvrir punished into my empire. She tried of to cover sous ces paroles menacantes la joie de son coeur, under these words threateniiig the joy of her heart, qui eelatoit malgre elle sur son visage. that shone in spite her upon her visage. knowledge aii men, she could not discover who this vene- rable man was by whom Telemachus was accompanied. — It is because the superior Gods conceal from the inferior all that pleases them; and Minerva, who accompanied Tele- machus under the figuYe of Mentor, did not wish to be known b} r Calypso. However Calypso rejoiced at a shipwreck which had put in her island the son of Ulysses, so like his father. She ad- vances towards Lira, and feigning not to know who he is: whence, said she, this temerity to land in my island? know, young stranger, thai no one comes with impunity into my em- pire. Sfrie endeavored to conceal under those threatening words the jojpof her heart, which, in spite of her, shone upon her face 4 TELEMACHUS. Telemaque lui repondit: O vous, qui que *ous Telemachus to her answered: O you, who. ever soyez, mortelle ou deesse, quoiqu'a vous voir on ne may be } mortal or goddess, although to you to see one not puisse vous prendre que pour une divinite, seriez-vous can you to take but for a divinity, icould be yov. insensible au malheur d'un fils qui, cherchant son pere insensible to the misfortune of a son who, seeking his father a la merci des vents et des flots, a vu briser son at the mercy of the winds and of the waves, has seen to break his navire contre vos rochers?quel est done votre pere que vessel against your rocks? who is then your father whom vous cherchez? reprit la Deesse. II se nomme UUsse, you seek? replied the Goddess. He himself calls Ulysses, dit Telemaque; e'est un des rois qui ont, apres un said Telemachus; he is one of the kings who have, after a siege de dix ans/renverse la fameuse Troie. Son nom siege of ten years, overturned the famous Troy. His name fut celebre dans toutela Grece et dans toute PAsie, par aoos celebrated in all the Greece and in all the Asia, bi t sa valeur dans les combats, et plus encore par sa his valor in the combats, and more yet by ftis sagesse dans les conseils. Maintenant, errant dans toute wisdom in the counsels. Noiv, ivandeiing in all 1'etendue des mers, il parcourt tons les ecueils les plus 'he extent of the seas, he overruns all the dangers the terribles. Sa patrie semble fuir devant lui. Penelope terrible. His country seems to fly before him. Pen Telemachus replied to her: O you, whoever you be mortal or a goddess, though to see you, one cannot take you but for a divinity, ..would you be insensible t< misfortunes of a son, who seeking his father at the mer- ino winds and the waves, has seen his ship broke rocks- Who is < hen your father whom you seek? |gplied thq Goddess. His name is Ulyssc :, said Telemac' of the kings who, after a siege of ten years, have overt!! {he famous Troy. Tlis name was celebrated through I and nil \sia, by his valor in combat, and still more by his wisdom in counsel. Now, wandering over the extent of the rribl • TELEMACHUS. 5 sa femme, et moi qui suis son fils, nous avons perdu his wife and I who am his son, we have lost Fesperance de le revoir. Je cours, avec les the hope of him to see again. I run, with the memes dangers que lui, pour apprendre ou il est. same dangers as he, in order to learn where he is, Mais que dis-je! peut-eire qu'il est maintenant enseveii But what say I! perhaps that he is now buried dans les profonds abvmes de ia mer. Ayez pitie de nos in the profound abysses of the sea. Have pity of ours malheurs; et si vous savez 6 Deesse, ce que les desti- - misfortunes; and if you know O Goddess, that which the desti- nees ont fait pour sauver ou pour perdre Ulysse, daignez nies have made for to save or for to loose Ulysses, deign to destroy en instruire son fils Telemaque. of it to instruct his son Telemachus. Calypso, etonnee et attendrie de voir dans une si Calypso, astonished and moved of to see in a so vive jeunesse tant de sagesse et d'eloquence, ne lively youth so much of wisdom and of eloquence, not pouvoit rassasier ses yeux en le regardant; et elle demeu- was able to satisfy her eyes in him looking; and she i&main- roit en silence. Enfin elle lui dit: Telemaque, nous ed in silence. In fine she to him said: Telemachus, we. vous apprendrons ce qui estanive a voire pere. Mais you will inform that which is happened to your father. But l'histoire en est longue: il est temps de vous delasser the history of it is long: it is time of you to refresh his wife, and I who am his son, have lost all hope of seeing 1 him again. I encounter the same dangers as he, in order to learn where he is. But what do I say! perhaps he is now buried in the profound abyss of the sea. Pity our misfortunes, and if you know, O Goddess, what the destinies have done, either to save or destroy Ulysses, deign to inform his son Tele- machus of it. Calypso, astonished and moved to see in so lively a youth, so much wisdom and eloquence, could not satisfy her eyes in looking at him; and she remained in silence. At last she said to him; Telemachus, we shall inform you of what has happen- ed to your father. But the history of it is long, it is time to refresh yourself a2 6 TELEMACHUS. de tons vos travaux. Venez dans ma demeure, ou j.e of all your toils Come in my abode, where I vous recevrai comme mon fiis: venez, vous serez you will receive as my son: come, yon will be ma consolation dans cette solitude; et je terai voire my consolation in that solitude; and Iioillmake your bonheur, pourvu que vous sachitz en jouir. happiness, provided that you know of it to enjoy. Teiemaque suivoit: la Deesse environnee d'une foule Telemachus followed the Goddess surrounded of a crowd de ieunes Nvmphes, au-dessus desquelles *lfc & V^"J* of J young lymphs, above of whom she herself rose de unite la tete, comme un grand cheiie dans une io«et of all the head, as a large oak m « F* eleve ses branches epaisses au-dessus de tons les arbres elevates its branches thick above of all the tiees rises rises . , T qui l'environnent. II admiroit l'eclat de sa beaute, la which it surrounded He admired the lustre of her beauty, the riche pourpre de sa robe longue et fiottante, ses rich purple 0/ her robe long and flowing, he, choveux noues par derriere Degligeratftetrt n>ais avec hair tied by behind negligently but with Strac? le feu qui sortoit de ses yeux, et la douceur qui grace the fire which came out of her eyes, and the sweetness whwh temneroit cette vivacite. Mentor, les yeux baisses, ££]& that vivacity. Mentor, the eyes ****»», softened r eardant un silence modestc, suivoit Teiemaque. Keeping a silence modest, fo llowed Telemachus. after so many toils. Come to my abode, where 1 will receive you as my son: come, vou will be my consolation ,n this solitude, and I shall make yonr happiness, provided you know how to enjoy it Telemachus followed the Goddess, surrounded by a crowd ot young Nymphs, above whom she rose with the whole head as a large oak in a forest elevates its thick branches above the tr.es which surround it. lie admired the splendor of her beautv, the rich purple of her long and flowing robe, he. hair tied behind negligently hut with grace, the fire from her eves, and the sweetness winch ten Mentor, with downcast eyes, keeping a ... lowed Telemachus, TELEMACHUS, 7 On arrive a la porte de la grotte de Calypso, ou They an ived at the door of the grotto of Calypso, where Te emaque i'ut surpris de voir, avec line apparence de Ttlemachus was swyrhed of to see, ivith an appearance of simplu ite rustique, icut ce qui peut charmer les yeux. simplicity rustic -hat which can charm the eyes* On rj'y voyoit ni or, ni aigent, ni marbre, ni co- They not there saw neither gold, nor sliver , nor ma.ble, nor col" J©unts,m tableaux, in slatuess cette grotte etnit tailiee nmns, nor picnics, nor statues: that grotto was cut dans le roc, en vothes pieiues dc roc allies et de the rock, in vaults fall of pebbles and of cequiii. s; ei'e. e oit tapis^ee d'une jttme Vigne, shHls; it was hung with a ayestry of a young vine, qu, ses hra j dour of the sun, a delightful coolness: des i' lit tines, c nu iaiit airec un doux murrnure sur des some fl.untains, flowing with a sweet mumur on some pres semes d'amurantes et de violettes, formoient en tneadoics sown of amaranths and of violets, formed in divers lieux des bains aussi purs et aussi clairs que le divers places soma baths as pure and as clear as the crystal: mille fieurs naissantes emailloient les tapis crystal; thousand flowers rising enamelled the carpets They arrived at the door of the grotto of Calypso, where Telemachus was surprised to see, with an appearance of rustic simplicity, all that which can charm the eyes. There was seen there, neither gold nor silver, nor marble, nor columns, nor pictures, nor statues: the grotto was cut in a rock, in vaults, fail of pebhles and shells; it was hang- ^ ith a young- vine, which extended equally its pliant branches on all side3. The sweet zephyrs preserved in that place, notwith- standing the ardour of the sun, a delightful coolness: fountains, flowing" with a sweet murmur on meadows sown with ama- ranths and violets, formed in several places baths as pure and as clear as crystal: a thousand rising flowers enamelled the green carpet TELEMACHUS. verts dont la grotte etoit environnee. La, on trouvoit green of which the grotto xvas surrounded. There, they found un bois de ces arbres touffus qui portent des pommes a wood of those trees tufted which bear some appUs d'or, et dont la fleur, qui se renouvelle dans toutes of gold, and of which the flower, which itself renews in all les saisons, re panel ie plus doux de tous les parfums; the seasons, spreads the most sweet of all the perfumes; ce bois sembloit couronner ces belles prairies, et that wood seemed to crown these beautiful meadows, and formoit une nuit que les rayons du soieii ne pouvoient formed one night that the rays of the sun not were able percer: la on n'entendoit jamais que ie chant des to pierce: there they not heard ever but the singing of the oiseaux, ou le bruit d'un ruisseau qui, se precipitant birds, or the noise of a brook which, itself precipitated du haut d'un rocher, tomboit a gros bouillons pleins from the height of a rock, fell to large babbles full d'ecume et s'enfuyoit au travers de la prairie. of foam and itself fled to across of the meadow. La grotte de la deesse etoit sur le penchant d'une The grotto of the goddess was on the declivity of a colline: de la on decouvroit la mer, quelquefois kill: fromthtrethey discovered the sea, sometimes claire et unie comme une glace, quelquefois follement clear and smooth as a glass, sometimes madly irritee contre les rochers, ou elle se brisoit en irritated against the rocks where she herself broke in by which the grotto was environed. There was found a grove of those tufted trees which bear golden apples, aud the blossoms of which, being renewed every season, spread the sweetest of all perfumes. This grove seemed tocrownthese beautiful meadows, and made a shade that the rays of the sun could not penetrate. There was nothing heard but the singing of the birds, or the noise of a brook, which, precipitating itself from the height of a rock, fell with large bubbles full of foam, and fled across the meadows. The grotto of the Goddess was upon the declivity of a hill: from thence they discovered the sea, sometimes clear, and as smooth as glass; sometimes madly irritated against the rocks, en which it broke, TELEMACHUS, ^ gemissant et elevant ses vagues comme des montagnes; groaning and elevating her ivaves as seme mountains; cl'uu autre cote on voyoit une riviere oii se formoient of one other side they saw a river where themselves formed des isles bordees de tilleuls fleuris et de hauls peupliers some islands bordered of linden trees flowered and of high poplars qui portoient leurs tetes superbes jusques dans les nues. which carried their heads superb even into the clouds. Les divers canaux qui formoient ces isles sembloient The divers canals which formed these islands seemed se jouer dans la campagne: les unes rouloient themselves to sport in the country: the ones. rolled leurs eaux claires avec rapidite; d'autres avbient une their waters clear with rapidity; of others had a eau paisible et dormante; d'autres, par de longs detours icater peaceable and sleeping; of others, by some long vnnding revenoient sur leurs pas, comme pour remontcr vers came back upon their steps, as for to remount towards leur source, et sembloient ne pouvoir quitter ces bords their source, and seemed not to be able to quit these borders enchanles. On appercevoit de loin des collines et des enchanted. They perceived of far some hills and some montagnes qui se perdoient dans les nues, et dont la mountains which themselves lost in the clouds, and of which the figure bizarre fcrmoit un horizon a souhait pour le plai- figure fantastic formed an ho-irizon to desire for the plea- sir des yeux. Les montagnes voisines etoient couvertes sure of the eyes. The mountains neighbouring were covered roaring- and elevating" its waves as hig-h as mountains: on another side there were formed islands, bordered with lin- den trees in flowers, and hig-h poplars which carried their proud heads even to the clouds. The various canals which these islands formed seemed to sport in the plain: some rolled their clear water with rapidity, some were peaceable aud stand- ing; others, by long meandering^ returned on their course as if to reascend towards their source, and seemed unwilling to quit these enchanted borders. There were seen, at a distaoce, hills and mountains which were lost in the clouds, and of which, the fantastic figure made an horizon, as if formed for the pleasure of the eyes. The neighboring mountains were covered 10 TELEMACHUS. de pampre verd qui pcndoit en festons: of branches of vine with its leaves green which hung in feslo'om: le raisin, plus eclatant que la pournre, ne pouvoit se the grape, more bright than the purple, not leasable itself cacher sous L< s fcuillee, et ia vigne£toit accablee sous to hide under the leaves : and the vine v;a$ overwhelmed under sor. fruit. L<* figuier, ToHvier, le grenadier, et tous les its fruit. The jig tree, the olive tree, the granatf tree, and all the am res arbres, couvroient la campagne, et en faisoient ether trees, covered the country, and cfit made un grand jar din. a large garden. Ca ypso ayant montre a Telemaque routes ces beautes Calypso having shown to Telcmachus all these hfenrfus naturelles lui dit: reposez-vous; vos habits sont mouilles, natural, to him said: repose yourself '; your clothes are xcet, il est temps que vous en changiez: ensuite nous nous it is time that you of them change: afterwards we ourselves reverrons; et je vous raconterai des histoires dont will see again; and 1 to you will relate some histories of which votre coeur sera tonche En tneme temps elle le fit your heart will be touched. In same time she him made entrer avec Mentor dans le lieu le plus secret et le enter with Mentor into the place the most secret and tht plus recule d'une grotte voisine de celle oii la Ik most remote of a grotto neighboring of that where the Goddess derneuroit. Lcs Nymphes avoient eu soin d'allumer en dwelt. The Nymphs had had care of to kindle in with the green branches of vine which huug iu festoons: the grapes, brighter than purple, could not be concealed un- der the leaves, and the vine was overl aded with its fruit. The fig trees, the olive trees, the granate trees, and all the other trees, covered the country and made it like a large garden. Calypso, having shown to Telcmachus all these natural beauties, said to him, repose yourself: your clothes are wet, it is time that \ou should change them: afterwards we shall see each other, and I shall relate to you histories at whieh.vour heart will be touched. At the same tune she made him enter with Mhntor into the place, the most secret and the most remote of a grotto, near to that in which the Goddess lived. The Nymphs had taken care to kindle in TELEMACHUS. 1 \ ce lieu un grand feu de bois de cedre, dont la bonne that place a large fire of wood of cedar, of which the good odeur se tepandoit de tous coles; et elles y avoient odeur itself spread of all sides; and they there had laisse des habits pour les nouveaux hotes. left some clothes for the new guests. Teleiuaque, voyant qu'on lui avoit destine une tunique Telemachus, seeing that they to him had destined a tunic d'une laine fine dont la blaru heur effacoit celle de la of a wool fine of which the vjhiteness effaced that of the neige, et une robe de pouipre avec une broderie d'or, snoiv, and a robe of purple with an embroidery ofgold } prit le plaisir qui est nature! a un jeune homnie, en con- took the pleasure which is natural to a young man, in con- sh'erant cette magnificence. ndtring that magnificence. Mentor lui dit d'un ton grave: sont-ce done la, ^Mentor to him said of a tone grave: are this then there 3 6 TeJewque, les pensees <»ui doivent ocenper le coeur Telemachus, the (houghts which owe to occupy the heart du fiis c'UIysse? Sonuez plutot a sout^nir la repu- ofthe son of Ulysses? Think rather to sustain the refu- tation de voire p<"re. et a vaincre la fortune qui vous tation of your father, and to conquer the fortune who you persecute. Un jeune homme qui aime a se p^rer persecutes. Ji young man who loves to himself deck vaincment comme une femme est indigne de la sagesse vainly as a woman is unworthy of the wisdom that place a lar^e fire of cedar wood, the sweet fragrance of which was spread on all sides, and they had left there some clothes for the new quests. Telemachus, seeing- that they had destined for him a tunic of fine wool, the whiteness of which eclipsed that of the snow, together with a robe of purple embroidered with gold, took the pleasure, which is natural to a young man, in considering' that magnificence. Mentor said to him with a grave tone: are these then, O Telemachus, the thoughts that ought to occupy the heart of the son of Ulysses? Think rather to sustain the reputation of jour father, and to conquer fortune which persecutes 30U. A young man who takes delight in adorning himself, vainly as a woman, is unworthy of wisdom J3 TELEMACHUS. et de la gloire. La gloire n'est clue qu'a un coeur qui and of the glory. The glory not is due tut to a heart w hick sait soufifVir la peine et fouler aux pieds les plaisirs. knows to suffer the pain and to trample to the feet the pleasures. Telemaque repondit, en soupirant: que les Dieux Telemachus answered, in sighing: that the Gods me fassent perir plutot que de soufTYir que la nmllesse me make perish rather than of to suffer, that the effeminacy et la volupte s' emparent de mon cceui ! Nom and the voluptuousness themselves take possession bf my heart! Ac, non, le fi!s d'Ulysse ne sera jamais vaincu par les no, the son of Ulysses not will be ever vanquished by the charmes d'une vie lacheet efTeminee. Mais quelle faveur charms of a life base and effeminate. But what favour du ciel nous a fait trouver, apres notre naufrage? of heaven us has made find, after our shipwreck cette deesse ou cette mortelle qui nous ccmble this goddess or this mortal who us roof of a house ove de biens? of goods? Craignez, repartit Mentor, qu'elle ne vous accable Fear, replied Mentor, that she not you overburdens de maux; craignez ses trompeuses douceurs plus que of evils; fear her deceitful sweetness more than les ecueils qui ont brise votre navire: le naufrage et the rocks ivhich have broken your ship: the shipwreck and la mort sontmoins funestes que les plaisirs qui attaquent the death are less fatal than the pleasure* which aittk and glory; glory belongs but to him who knows how to suffer pain and to trample pleasure under his feet. Telemachus replied, sighing: may the gods cause me to die rather than to suffer that effeminacy and voluptuousness should take possession of my heart! No, no, the son of Ulysses will never be overcome by the allurements of a vile and effemi- nate life. But what favour of heaven has made us find, after our shipwreck, this Goddess, or this mortal, who overloads us with such benefits? Fear, replied Mentor, lest she overwhelms you with evils; fear her deceitful favour more than the rocks which have bro- ken your ship Shipwreck and death are less fatal than the pleasures which attack TELEMACEIUS 13 h vertn. Garclez-vous bien de croire ce qu'elle the virtue. Guard yourself well of to believe that which she vous retcontera. La jeunesse est presomptueuse, elle to you will relate. The youth is presumptuous, it se promet tout d'elle-rneme: quoique fragile, elle to itself promises all of itself; although frail, it croit pouvoir tout, et n'avoir jamais rien a craindre; believes to be able all, and not to have ever nothing to fear; eiic se cGniSe legerem.ent et sans precaution. Gardez- it itself confides , lightly and without precaution. Guard vous d'ecouter les paroles douces et flatteuses de yourself of to listen the icords sweet and flattering of Calypso, qui se giisseront comme un serpent sous Calypso, which themselves will glide as a serpent under lo. fleurs; craignez ce poison cache; defiez vous de vous- the flowers; fear that poison hid; distrust you of you e; et attendez ton jours mes conseils. yourself; and wait always my counsels. Ensuite ils retournerent aupres de Calypso, qui les ■•Afterwards they returned near of Calypso, who them att'-ndoit. Les Nymphes, avec leurs cheveux tresses, waited. The Nymphs, v:\th their hairs braided, et des habits blancs, servirent d'abord un repas simple, and some clothes white, served at first a repast simple, ' mais exqim pour le gout et pour la proprete. On but exquisite for the taste and for the neatness. They n'y voyoit aucune autre viande que celle des oiseaux not there saw any other viand than that of the birds virtue Take care not to believe what she will relate to you. Youth is presumptuous; it promises every thiug of itself; although frail, it believes to be able to accomplish every thing", and never to have any thing' to fear; it trusts lightly and without precaution, fake care not to listen to the sweet and flattering words of Calypso, which will glide as a serpent under the flowers; fear that hidden poison; distrust yourself, and always wait for m\ counsels. Afterwards they returned to Calypso, who waited for them. The Nymphs, with their hair braided, and dressed in white, served up at first a plain repast, but exquisite for taste as well as neatness. There were seen no other viands than of the birds 1 4 TELEMACHUS. qu'elles avoient pris dans les filets, ou des betes qu'elles that they had taken in the nets, or some beasts which they avoient percees de leurs fleches a la chasse: un vin had pierced of their arrows at the chace: a wine plus doux que le nectar couloit des grands vases d'ar- more sweet than the nectar flowed from large vases of sil- gent dans des tasses d'or couronnees de fleurs. On aporta ver into some cups of gold crowned of flowers. They brought dans des corbeilles tous les fruits que le printemps in some baskets all the fruits whith the spring promet et que l'automne repand sur la terre. En promises and which the autumn spreads upon the earth. In m£me temps, quatre jeunes Nymphes se mirent a the mean time, four young Nymphs themselves betook to chanter. D'abord elles chanterent le combat des Dieux «**£. Of first they sung the combat of the Gods contre les geants, puis les amours de Jupiter et de against the giants, then the loves of Jupiter and of Semele, la naissance de Bacchus et son education con- Semele, the birth of Bacchus and his education con- duite par la vieux Silene, la course d'Atalante et d'Hip- ducted by the old Silenus, the race ofJtalantes and of Hip- pomene qui fut vainqueur par le moyen des pommes pomenes who was conqueror by the means of the apples d'or venues du jardin des Hesperides: enfin, la of gold come from the garden of the Hesperides: in fine, the guerre de Troie fut aussi chantee, les combats d'Ulysse war of Troy was also sung, the combats of Ulysses which they had taken in their nets, or of wild beasts which they had pierced with their arrows in the chace. Wine, sweet- er than nectar, flowed from large silver vases, into golden cups crowned with flowers. They brought, in baskets, all the fruits which the spring promises, and which autumn spreads upon the earth. At the same time, four young Nymphs began to sing. At first they sung the combat of the gods against the giants, then the loves of Jupiter and Semele; the birth ol Bac- chus, and his education, conducted by the old Silenus; the race of Atalanta and Hipomenes, who conquered by the means of golden apples from the garden of Hesperides: finally, the % war of Troy was also sung, the combats of Ulysses TELEMACHUS. 15 et sa sagesse furent eleve jfcsqu'aux cieux. La premiere and his wisdom icere elevated even to the skies. The first des Nymphes, qui s'appelioit Leucothoe, joignit les of the Nymphs, ivho herself calltd Leucothoe, joined the accords de sa lyre aux douces voix de toutes les harmony of her lyre to the sweet voices of all the autre s. others. Quand Telemaque entendit le nom de son pere, les When Teltmachus heard the name of his father, the larmes qui coulerent le long de ses joues donnerent un tears which flowed the long of his cheeks gave a nouveau lustre a sa beaute. Mais comme Calypso ap- new brightness to his beauty. But as Calypso per^ percut qu'il ne pouvoit manger, et qu'il etoit saisi de ceived that he not was able to eat, and that he was seized of douleur, elle fit signe aux Nymphes. A Tinstant on griff she made sign to the Nymphs. To the instant they chanta le combat des Centaures avec les Lapithes, et la sung the combat of the Centaurs with the Lapithae, and the descente d'Orphee aux enfers pour en retirer descent t of Orpheus to hell for from thence to draw Eu rid ice. Euridice. Quand le repas fut fini, la Deesse prit Telemaque et When the repast to as finished, the Goddess took Telemachus and lui parla ainsi: vous voyez, fils du grand Ulysse, avec to him spoke thus: you see, son of the great Ulysses, with and his wisdom were elevated even to the skies. The first of the Nymphs, whose name was Leucothoe, joined the harmony of her lyre to the sweet voices of all the others. When Telemachus heard the name of his father, the tears which ran along- his cheeks gave i new brilliancy to his beau- ty. But as Calypso perceived that he could not eat, and that He was seized with grief, she made a sign to the Nymphs. Immediately they sung the combat of the Centaurs against the Lapithae, and the descent of Orpheus to hell, in order to bring back Eurydice. When the repast was over, the goddess took Telemachus and spoke to him thus: you see, son of the great Ulysses, 16 TELEMACHUS. quelle faveur je vous recol£ Je suis immortelle: nul what favour I you rective. I am immortal: no mortel ne pern en'rer clans cette isle sans etre puni mortal not can enter in this island without to be punished de sa temerite; et votre naufrage meme ne vous •/ his temerity; and your shipwreck itself not you garan'iroit pas de mon indignation, si d'ailituis je ne would save step of my indignation, if of besides J not vous aimois. Votre pere a eu le meme bonheur que you loved. Your father has had the same happiness as vous; mais, helas! il n ? a pas su en profiter. Je Pai you; but, alasl he not has step known of it to profit. I him have garde long-temps dans cette isle: il n'a tenu qu'a iui kept long time in this island: it not has held but to him d'y vivre avec moi dans un etat immortel; mais V- of there to live with me in a state immortal; but the aveugle passion de mourner dans sa miserable patrie blind passion of to return in his miserable country lui fit rejeter tous ces avantages. Vous voyez ce qu'il Him made to reject all these advantages. You see that which he a perdu pour Ithaque qu'il n'a pu revoir. II has lost for Ithaca which he not has been able to see again. fJe voulut me quitter, il partit; et je finf vengee par la was willing me to quit, he departed; and I was revenged by the tempete: son vaisseau, apres avoir ete long-temps le tempest: his vessel, after to have been long time the jonet des vents, fut enseveli dans les ondes. Piofitez iport of the winds, was buried in the loaves. Profit the favour with which T receive you. I am immortal; no mor- tal can enter into this island without being- punished W Ins te- merity; and even your shipwreck would not save you from my indigmation, if otherwise 1 did not love you. Your father has had the same good fortune as you: but, ak?s! he has not known how to profit by it. I have kept him a long- time in this island; he was at liherty to live here with me in an immortal state; but the blind passion of returning' into his miserable country, made him reject all these advantages. You, see what he has lost for Ithaca, which he has not been able to see again. lie would quit me, he departed; and I was revenged by the tem- pest: his vessel, after having been a long time the sport of the winds, was buried in the waves. Profit TELEMACHUS. k ? d'un si triste exemple. Apres son naufrage, vous of a so sad example. After his shipwreck, you n'avez plus rien a esperer ni f>our le revoir, ni not have more nothing to hope neither for him to see again r nor pour regner jamais dans Tisle d'lthaque apres lui: for to reign ever in the island of Ithaca after him: consolez-vous de l'avoir perdu, puisque vous trouvez console you of him to have lost, since you find ici une Divinite prete a vous rendre heureux, et un here a Divinity ready to you to render happy, and a royaume qu'elle vous offre. kiixgdom which she to you offers. La Deesse ajouta a ces paroles de longs discours pour The Goddess added to these words some long discourses for montrer combien Ulysse avoit ete heureux aupres to show how much Ulysses had been happy near d'elle: elle raconta ses aventures dans la caverne du ofltr: she related his adventures in the cavern of the Cy elope Polypheme, eVchez Antiphates, roi des Les- Cyclop Polyphemus, and at Antiphates, king of the Les- trigons: elle n'oublia pas ce que lui etoit arrive dans trigons: she not forgot step that which to him was happened in l'isle de Circe, iille du Soleil, ni les dangers qu'il the island of Circe , daughter of the Sun, nor the dangers that he avoit courus entre Scylla et Charybde. Elle representa had ran between Scylla and Charybdis. She represented la dernieretempete que Neptune avoit excitee contre the last tempest that Neptune had excited against by so sad an example. After his shipwreck you have nothing mere to hope; neither to see him again, nor ever to reign in the island of Ithaca after him: take consolation for his loss, since you find here a Divinity ready to make you happy, and a king- dom which she offers you. The goddess added to these words, long discourses, to fehow how happy Ulysses had been with her: she related his adventures in the cave of the Cyclop Polyphemus, and at the house of Antiphates, king of the Lestrigons; she did not forget that which had happened to him in the island of Circe, daugh- ter of the Sun, nor the dangers which he had encountered between Sylla and Charybdis. She represented the last tem- pest that Neptune had excited against IS TELEMACHUS. lui quand il partit d'aupres d'elle. Elle voulut faire him when he departed from near of her < She waswillirigtomake entendre qu'il etoit peVi dans ce naufrage et elie sup- understand that he was perished in that shipwreck and she sup- prima son arrivee dans l'isle des Pheaciens. pressed his arrival in the island of the Pheatians. Telemaque, qui s'etoit d'abord abandonne trop Telemachus, who himself ivas of first abandoned too promptement a la joie derre si bicn traiie de Calypso, quickly . to the joy of to be so well treated of Calypso, reconnut enfin son artifice, et la sagesse des conseils recognised at last her artifice, and the wisdom of the counsels que Mentor venoit de lui donner. II repondit en peu de which JMentor came of to him to give. He answered in ftxo of mots: O Deesse, pardonnez a ma douleur; maintenant words: Oh Goddess, pardon to my grief; now je ne puis que m'aflliger; pcut-etre que dans I not can but myself to afflict; can to be (perhaps) that +in la suite j'aurai plus de force pour gouter la fortune the sequel I shall have more of force for to taste the fortune que vous m'ofifrez: laissez moi en ce moment pleurer which you to myself offer: leave me in this moment to weep mon pere; vous savez mieux que moicombien il merite my father; you know better than I how much he merits d'etre pleure. of to be wept. him when he departed from her. She wished to make him understand that be had perished in that shipwreck, and she suppressed his arrival in the island of the Pheacians. Telemachus, who bad atfirst too quickly abandoned himself to the joy of being so well treated by Calypso, recognised at last her artifice, and the wisdom of the counsels which Mentor had just given him. He replied in few words: O goddess, pardon my grief, now I can but grieve; perhaps I shall have afterwards more force to taste the fortune which you offer me.- at this moment permit me to weep for my father; you know better than I how much he deserves to be lamented. ## TELEMACHUS. 19 • * » # Calypso n'osa d'aoord le presser d'avantage: elle Calypso not dared at' first him to press anymore: she feigirit meme d'entrer dans sa douleur, et de feigned even of to enter in his grie/, «wd of s'aitendrir pour Ulysses, Mais pour mieux connoitre herself to be moved for Ulysses. But for thebeiter to know les moyens de toucher le coeur du jeune homirie, elle the means of to touch the heart of the young man, she lui demanda comment il avoit fait naufrage, et par to him demanded how lie had made shipwreck, and by quelles avemures il etoit sur ses cotes. Le reck de ivhat adventures he was upon her coasts. The recital of mes malheurs, dit il, seioit trop long. Non, non, my misfci tunes, said he. would be too long. No, no, repondit elle; il me tarde.de les savoir, hatez-vous replied she; it to myself delays of them to know hasten yourself de % me les raconter. hile le pressa long-temps. of to myself them to recount. She him pressed long time, E fin il ne put lui resisted et il lui parla ainsi: In fine he not was able to her to resist, arid he to her spoke thus: J'etois parti ePIihaque pour aller deimnder aux I was departed of Ithaca for to go to demand to the autres rois revenus du siege de Troie des nouvelles de others kings returned of the siege of Troy some news of mon pere. Les amants de ma mere Penelope furent my father. The lovers of my mother Penelope were surpris de mon depart: j'avois p v is soin de le leur surprised of my departure: I had taken care of it to them Calypso dared not at first urge him more: she even feigned to participate in his grief and to feel for Ulysses. But the better to know how to move the heart of the young man, she asked him how he had made shipwreck, and by what adven- tures he was on her coasts. The recital of my misfortunes, said he 7 would be too long". No, no, replied she, I am eager to kuow them, make haste to relate them to me. She pressed him a long time. At last, not being able to resist her, he spoke thus: I departed from Ithaca in order to go and ask the other kings, returned from the siege of Troy, news of my father. The suitors of my mother Penelope were surprised at my departure: Ihad, from a knowledge of their perfidy, Uken care £0 TELEMACHUS # cacher, connoissant leur perfidie*\! Nestor, que je vis to conceal, knowing their perfidy. «* Nestor, whom I saw a Pylos, ni Menelas, qui me recut avec amitie dans at Pylos, nor Menelas, who me received with friendship in Lacedemone, ne purent m'apprendre si mon pere Zacedemon, not were able me to inform whether my father 6toit encore en vie. Lasse de vivre toujours en suspcns was yet in life. Tired of to live always in suspeme et dans l'incertitude, je me resolus d'aller dans la and in the incertitude, I myself resolved of to go in the Sicile, ou j'avois oui dire que mon pere avoit ete jete Sicily, where I had heard to say that my father had been cast par les vents. Mais le sage Mentor, que vous voyez by the winds. But the wise Mentor, whom you see ici present, s'opposoit & ce temeraire dessein: il me here present, himself opposed to that rash design: he tome representoit d'une cote les Cyclopes, geants monstreux represented of one side the Cyclops, giants moiistrous qui devorent les hommesj de I'autre la flotte d'Enee et who devour the men; of the other the fleet cfJEneas and des Troyens, qui etoit sur ces cotes. Ces Troyens, of the Trojans, which was upon these coasts. Those Trojans, disoit-il, sont animes contre tous les Grecs; mais sur said he, are exasperated against all the Greeks; but above tout ilsrepandroient avec plaisir le sang du fils d'Ulysse. all they loouldshed with pleasure the blood of the son of Ulysses. Retournez, continuoit-il, en Ithaque: peut-etre que Return, continued he, in Ithaca: may be, that to conceal it from them. Neither Nestor, whom I saw at Pylos, nor Menelaus, who received me with friendship in La-: cedemon, could inform me whether my father was still living-. Wearied with liying always in suspense and incertitude, I de- termined to go to Sicily, where I had heard that my father had been cast by the winds. But the wise Mentor, whom you see here present, opposed this rash design: he represented to me on one side the Cyclops, monstrous giants who devour men; on the other the fleet of ^neas and the Trojans, who were on these coasts. These Trojans, said he, are exasperated against all the Greeks; but specially they would shed, with pleasure, the blood of the son of Ulysses. Return, continued he, to Itha- ca; perhaps TELEMACHUS. 21 votre pere, aime dcs dieux, y sera aussitot que vous. your father, loved cfthe gods, there ii'ill be as soon as you. Mais si les dieux ont resotu sa perte, s'ii ne doit jamais But if the gods have resolved his loss, if he not oices ever revoir sa patrie, clu moins ii faut que vous aliiez le to see again his country, at least it is necessary that you go him \ev)gtri delivrer votre mere, montrer votre sagessA to revenge, to set free your mother, to shew your icisdem a tous les peoples, et faire voir en vous a toute la to all the peoples, aud to make to see in you to all the Grece un roi au^si dig lie de re^ner que le fut jamais Greece one king as worthy of to reign as him was eve? Ulysse lui-meme, Ulysses himself. Ces paroles etoient salutaires: mais je n'etois pas These words were salutary: but I nit was step assez prudent pour les ecouter; je n'ecoutai que ma enough prudent for to them to listen; I not listened but my passion. Le ss^e Mentor m'aimu jusqu'a me suivre passion. • The wise Mentor me loved even to me to follow dans un voyage temeraire que j'emreprencis contre ses in a voyage rash which I undertook against his conseils; et les dieux permireni que je fisse une faute counsels; and the gods permitted that I should make one f,ult qui devoit servir a me eerriger de ma preemption. which ought to serve to myself to coirect of my presumption, Pendant que Telemaque parloit, Calypso regaifloit During that Telemachus spoke, Calypso looked your fafber. beloved by the- gods, shall be there as soouasyou. . But if the gods have resolved his death, if he is never to see his country again, at least it is necessary that \ou go to re- yenge hi;n, set your mother free, show your wisdom to all the people, and cause aii Greece to see in )ou a king as worthy to reign as ever was Ulysses himself. These words were salutary: but 1 was not prudent enough to listen to them; I listened but to m\ passion. The wise Men- tor loved me so much as to follow me in a rash voyage that I undertook against his counsels; and the gods permitted that I should com: it a fault which was to serve in correcting me for my presumption. Whilst Telemachus spoke. Calypso looked at 22 TELEMACHUS. Mentor. Elle etoit etonnee: elle croyoit sentir en lui Mentor. She was astonished: she thought to feel in him quelque chose de divin; mais elle ne pouvoit demeler some thing of divine; but she not was able to unravel sespensees contuses; ainsi el ledemeuroitpleinedecrainte her thoughts confused; thus she remained full of fear et de defiance a la vue de cet inconnu. Alors elle and of diffidence at the sight of that unknown. Then she apprehenda de laisser voir son trouble. Continuez, dit- apprehmded of to let to see her confusion. Continue, said elle a* Telemaque,et satisfaites ma curiosite. Telemaque she to Telemachus, and satisfy my curiosity. Telemachus, reprit ainsi: resumed thus: Nous eumes assez long-tempsun vent favorable pour We had enough long time a wind favourable for aller en Sicile; mais ensuite une noire tempete deroba to go in Sicily; but afterward one black tempest stole le ciel a nos yeux, et nous fumes enve^oppes dans une the heaven to our eyes, and ice were enveloped in one profonde nuit. A la lueur des eclairs, nousappercumes profound night. To the light of the lightnings, we perceived d'autres vaisseaux exposes au meme peril; et nous of others vessels exposed to the same peril; and we reconnumes bientot que c'etoient les vaisseaux d'Enee: recognized soon that these iv ere the vessels ofJEneas: ils n'etoient pas moins a craindre pour nous que les they not were step less to to fear for us than the Mentor. She was astonished: she thought to feel that there was in him something 1 divine; but she could not unravel her confused thoughts: thus she remained full of fear and diffidence at the sight of that stranger. Then she feared to let her trouble be seen. Continue, said she to Telemachus, and satisfy my curiosity. Telemachus resumed thus: We had for some time a favourable wind to go to Sicily; but afterwards a black tempest stole the heaven from our eyes and we were enveloped in a profound night. We perceived, by the flash of lightning, other vessels exposed to the same peril; and we soon knew that they were the vessels of .'Eneas: they were not less to be feared by us than the TELEMACHUS. 25 rochers. Je compris a!ors,mais trop tard,ce que l'ardeur rocks. I comprehended then, but too late, that ivhich the ardour d'une jeunesse impruuente m'avoit. empeche de of a youth imprudent me. had prevented of considerer attentivement. Mentor parut, dans ce danger, to consider attentively. Mentor appeared, in that danger, non settlement ferrne et intrepide, mais plus gai qu'a not only firm and intrepid, hut more gay than to l'ordinahe: e'etait lui qui m'encourageoit; je sentois the ordinary: it twas he icho me encouraged; I felt qu'il nrinspiroit une force invincible. II donnoit that he me inspired a force invincible. H% gave j tranquillemer.t tous les ordres, pendant que le pilote tranquilly all the orders, during that the pilot etoit trouble. Je lui disois: mon cber Mentor, pourquoi as disturbed. I to him said; my dear Mentor, why ai-je refuse de suivre vos conseils! ne suis-je pas have I refused of ^to follow your counsels! not am I step malheureux d'avoir voulu me croire moi-meme ? unhappy of to have been willing me to believe my self, dans un age oii Ton n'a ni prevoyancedel'avtnir, in an age ichere the one not has neither foresight of the future, ni experience uu passe, ni moderation pour menager or experience of the past, or moderation for to manage le present! Ob! si jamais nous ecbappons de cette the present! Oh! if ever we escape of this tempete, je N me defierai de moi-meme comme de tempest, I myself will distmst of myself as of rocks. I understood then, but too late, that which the im- prudent ardour of youth had prevented me from considering 1 . with attention. Mentor appeared in that danger, not only firm and intrepid, but more gay than usual: it was he who encouraged me: I felt that he inspired me with an invincible force. He gave tranquilly all the orders whilst that the pilot was disturbed. I said to him, my dear Mentor, why have £ refused to follow your counsels' am I not unhappy to Lave wished to believe myself, in an age when one has neither fore- sight of the future, nor experience of the past, nor moderation to govern the present! Oh! if ever we escape from this tem- pest, I shall distrust myself the same as 24 TELEMACHUS. mon plus dangereux ennemi: c'esl vous, Mentor^ que my most dangerous enemy: it is you, JUentor, whom je croirai toujours. I will believe always. Mentor, en souriant me repondit: je n'ai garde Mentor ^ in smiling tome answered: J not have guard J am far from de vous repvocher la faute que vous avez faite; of you reproaching the fault which you have made; il sufnt que vous la sentiez, et qir^elle^ serve a it suffices that yon it feel, and that il serves to *etre un#autre fr>is plus modere dans vos desirs. to be an other time more moderate in your desires. Mais rjuaud le peril sera passe, la preemption But when the 'peril will be past, the presumption reviendra peut-etre. Maintenant il faut se will come again perhaps. JVbto it is necessary oneself aoutenir par le courage. Avant €^£de se jeter to support by the courage. Before that\ of one'' self to throw dans le peri', il faut le prevoir et le craindre: mais into the peril, it is necessary it to foresee and it to fear: but quand on y est, il ne reste plus qu'a le mepriser. when one there is, it not remains more than to it to dtspise. Soytz done le digne fils d'Ulysse; montrez un Be therefore the worthy son of Ulysses; show a coeur plus grand que tous les maux qui vous menacent. neart more great than all the evils which yo\L threaten- my most dangerous enemy: it is you Mentor whom I shall al- ways believe. Mentor smiling replied to me: I am far from reproaching- you the fault which you have committed; it suffices that you know it, and that it may serve you another time to be more moderate in your desires. But when the peril will be over, perhaps the presumption will return. Now we must support ourselves by our courage. Before one throws himself into peril, he must foresee and fear it: but when we are in it, nothing- more remains but to despise it. Be therefore the worthy son of Ulysses, show a heart greater than all the evils which threaten you. TELEMACHUS. 25 La douceur et le courage du sage Mentor me Tfie mildness and the Murage of the ivise ^Mentor me charnierent: mais je fus encore bien plus surpris charmed: but I ivas yet very much more surprised quand je vis avec quelle adresse il nous delivra des when I saw with what address he us delivered from the Troyens. Dans le moment ou le ciel commencoit Trcjjns. In the moment when the heaven began a s'eclaircir, et ou les Troyens, nous voyant de to itself clear up, and when the Trojans, us seeing of n'auroient pas manque de nous reconnoitre, il not would have step failed of us to recognise, he arqua un de leurs vaisseaux qui etoit presque ■■ked one of their vessels which teas almost sembiable au notre, et que la tern pete avert ecarte. to our, and which the tempest had removed. Lapouppe en eioitcouronnee decertainesfleurs: il se The stern of it was crowned of certain flowers he himself hata de mettre sur notre pouppe des couronnes de hastened of to put upon our stern some crowns of fleurs semblabies; ii les attacha Iui-meme avec des floicers like: he them tied himself icith some bandelettes de la mqme couleur que celles des Troy- little fillets of the same colour as those of the Tro- ens; il ordonna a nos rameurs cle se baisser le jans; he ordered to our rowers of themself to stoop the plus qu'ils pourroient le long de leurs bancs, more that they would be able the length of their benches i The mildness and courage of the wise Mentor charmed me: but I was still much more surprised when I saw with what address he delivered us from the Trrjans. In the mo- ment when the weather began to clear up, and when the Trojans, seeing us near, would not have failed to know us, he remarked one of their vessels which was almost like ours, and which the tempest had removed. The stern of it was crowned with certain fLwers: he hastened to put upon our stern crowns of like flowers; and tied them himself with fillets of the same colour with that of the Trojans: he ordered our rowers to stoop as much as possible along their benches 26 TELEMACI1US. pour n'etre point reconnus des ennemis. En cet for not to he point recognised of the the enemies. In that etat, nous passames au miliey de leur state, (situation,) we past to the (in the) midst of their flotte: ils pousserent des cris de joie en nous voyant, fleet: they pushed some ones of joy in us seeing, cornme en revoyant les compagnons qu'ils avoient as in stiing the companions whom they had crus perdus. Nous fumes meme contrainls par la believed lost. We were even constrained by the violence de la mer d'aller assez long-temps avec eux: violence of the sea of to go enough long times with them: enfin nous demeurames un peu den iere; eU pendant in fine we remained a little behind; and, whilst que les vents impetueux les poussoient vers 1'AfYique, that the winds impetuous them pushed towards the Africa. nous fimes les derniers efforts pour aborder a force we made the last efforts for to land by force de raines sur la cote voisine de Sicile. of oars upon the coast neighbouring of Sicily. Nous y arrivames en effet. Mais ce que nous We there arrived in fact. But that ivhich we cherchions n'etoit guere moins funeste que la flotte qui sought not ivas step less fatal than the fleet ichich nous faisoit fuir: nous trouvames sur cette cote de us made fly: we found upon that coast of Sicile d'autres Troy ens ennemis des Grecs. C'etoit Sicily of other Trojans enemies of the Greeks. It icas in order that they might not be recognised by the enemy. We passed, in this condition, through the middle of their fleet: they shouted for joy in seeing us, as in seeing again the companions whom they believed to be lost. We were even constrained, by the violence of the sea, to go for some time, with them: finally we remained a little behind, and, whilst that the impetuous winds drove them towards Africa, we made our last efforts to land, by dint of oars, upon the neighbouring coast of Sicily. We arrived there in fact. But what we sought was not less fatal than the fleet which made us fly: we found upon that coast of Sicily other Trojans, enemies to the Greeks. It was TELEMACHU3. 27 la que regnoit le vieux Aceste sorti de Troie. there that reigned the old dcestes come out from Troy. A peine Very little time after, hardly. (Peine signifies properly punishment: hut in an adverbial sense, as in this case, it means hardly, very little time after.) fumes-nous arrives sur ce rivage, que les habitants were ice arrived upon that shore, that the inhabitants crurent que nous etions, ou d'autres peuplesde l'isle believed that ive were either of other peoples of the island amies pour les surprendre, ou des etrangeis qui armed for them to surprise, or some strangers who venoient s'emparer de leurs terres. lis brulent came themselves to possess of their lands. They bum notre vaisseau dans le premier emportement; ils our vessel in the first anger, raving, rage; they egorgent tous nos compagnons; ils ne reservent que slaughter all our companion-:: they not reserve but Mentor et moi pour nous presenter a Aceste, arin Mentor and me for us to present to Jleestes, in order qu'it put savoir de nous quels etoient nos desseins, et thai he might know from us what were our designs, and d'ou nous venions. Nous entrons dans la ville les from whence vie came. We enter in the town the mains liees derriere le dos; et notre mort n'etoit re- hands tied behind the back; and our death not was de- tardee que pour nous faire servir de spectacle a un layed but for us to make to serve of spectacle to a there that the old Acestes, come out of Troy, reigned. Hardly were we arrived at the shore, when the inhabitants thought that we were either other people of the island, armed to sur- prise them, or strangers who came to take possession of their lands. They burn our vessel in their first rage; they slaughter all our companions; they keep but Mentor and me that they t present us to Acestes, in order that he could know from us what were our designs, and from whence we came. We entered into the town with our hands tied behind our backs, and our death \vlu> delayed but to make us serve as a specta- cle to a 28 TRLEMACHUS. peuple cruel, quand on sauroit que nous etions Grecs* people cruel j when one would know that we were Greeks. On nous presenta d'abord a Aceste,qui,tenantsonscep- They us presented at first to Jlcestes, who, holding his scep- tred'or en main, jugeoit les peuples,et se preparoit tre of gold in hand, judged the people, and himself prepared a un grand sacrifice. II nous demanda, d'un ton se- ta a great sacrifice. He us demanded, of a tone se- vere, quel etoit notre pays et le sujet de notre voyage. vere, what was our country and the subject of our voyage. Mentor se hata de repondre, et lui dit: Nous Mentor himself hastened of to answer, and to him said: We venons des cotes de la grande Hesperie, et notre come of the coasts of the great Hesperia, and our patrie n'est pas loin de la. Ainsiilevita de dire country not is step far from there. Thus he avoided of to say que nous etions Grecs. Mais Aceste, sans Fecouter that we were Greeks. But Jicestes, without him to listen davantage, et nous prenant pour des eirangers qui anymore, and us taking for some strangers who cachoient leur dessein, ordonna qu'on nous envoyat concealed their design, ordered that one us would send dans une foret voisine, ou nous servirions en in one forest neighbouring, where we would serve in (as) csclaves sous ceux qui gouvernoient ses troupeaux. slaves under those who governed his flocks. Cette condition me parut plus dure que la mort. TTiat condition tome appeared more hard than the death. cruel people when they would know that we were Greeks. They presented us at first to Acestes, who, holding- his gold- en sceptre in his hand, judged the people, and was preparing himself for a great sacrifice. He asked us with a severe tone, what our country was, and the suhjc( t of our voyage. IVJcutcr hastens to answer, and said to him: we come from the coast of Great Hesperia and our country is not far from thence. Thus he avoided to say that we were Greeks But Acestes, without listening to him any more, and taking us for strangers who concealed their design, ordered that we should he sent to a neighbouring forest, where we would serve as slaves under those who tended bis flocks. That condition appeared to me harder than death TELEMACHUS. 29 Je m'ecriai: O roi! faites-nous mourir plulot que / myself cried out: king! make us die rather than cie nous traiter si indignement; sachez que je suis of us to treat so unworthily; know that I am Telemaque, fils du sage Ulysse, roi des Ithaciens; Telemachus, son of the icise Ulysses, king of the Ithacans; je cherche mon pere dans toutes les piers: si je ne puis seek my father in all the seas: if I not can le trouver, ni retourner dans ma patrie, ni eviter la him to find nor to return in my country, nor to avoid the .servitude, otez-moi la vie, que je ne saurois servitude, take to me the life, which I not would be able supporter. to support. A peine eus-je pronounce ces mots, que tout le peu- Hardly had I pronounced these words, that all the peo~ pie emu s'ecria qu'il falloit faire pie moved themselves cried out that it was necessary to make perir le fils de ce cruel Ulysse dont les artifices perish the son of that cruel Ulysses of whom the artifices avoient renverse la ville de Troie. O fils d'Ulysse! had overturned the town of Troy. son of Ulysses! me dit Aceste, je ne puis refuser votre sang" aux to me said Acestes, I not am able to refuse your blood to the manes de tant de Troyens que votre pere a pre- manes of so many of Trojans whom your father has pre- cipites sur les rivages du noir Cocyte: vous et celui cipitated upon the shores of the black Cocytus: you and this one I cried out: O king, make us die rather than to treat us so un- worthily; know that I am Telemachus, son of the wise Ulysses, king of the Ithacans; I seek my father through all the seas; if I neither can find bim, nor return to my country, nor avoid servitude, take away my life, which I cannot hear. Hardly had I uttered these words, when all the people cried that it was necessary to cause to die the son of that cruel Ulys- ses whose artifices had overthrown the city of Troy. O son of Ulysses! Acestes said to me, I cannot refuse your blood to the manes of so many Trojans whom your father has precipitated on the banks of the black Cooytus; you and he c 2 TELEMACWU& qui vous mene, vous perirez. En meme temps who you leads, you skull perish. In me a a times an vieillard de ia troupe proposa au roi de nous inimo- old man of the crowd proposed to the king cf us to immo- ler sur le tombeau d'Anchise. Lcur sang, disoit-ii, late upon the tomb cf Anchises. Their blood, said he, sera agreable a i'ombre de ce heros: Enee meme, will be agreeable to the shade of that hero: JEneas himself quand il saura un tel sacrifice, sera louche de voir when he wilt know a such sacrifice, will bt Uuched of to see combien vous aimez ce qu'il avoit de plus how much you lovtd that which he had of more dear au monde. to the world. Tout le peuple applaudit # cette proposition, et Ml the people applauded to that proposition, and on ne songea plus qu'a nous immoler. Deja on nous they not thought more but to us immolate. Already they lis menoit sur le tombeau d'Anchise. On y avoit dresse led upon the tomb of Anchises. They there had erected deux autels, ou le feu sacre etoit allume; le glaive two altars, where the fire sacred icas kindled; the sword qui devoit nous percer etoit devant nos yeux; on which ought was us to pierce was before our eyes; they nous avoit couronnes de fleurs, et nulle compassion us had crowned of with flowers, and no compassion ne pouvoit garantir notre vie; e'etoit fait de nous, not was able to warrant our life; it was done of us, who leads you shall perish. At the same time an old man of the crowd proposed to the king to immolate us upon the tomb of Anchises. Their blood, said he, will be agreeable to the shade of that hero: jEneas himself, when he will know such a sacrifice, will be touched to see how much you loved that which he held the dearest in the world. All the people applauded that proposition, and they thought ot nothing else than to immolate us. Already they led us to the tomb of Anchises. There they had erected two alto the sacred fire was kindled; the sword which was to pierc was before our eye?; they had crowned us with (lowers, and no compassion could save our livjs; it was doue with us. TELE MACK US, 3-j quand Mentor demanda tranquillement a parler au when Mentor- demanded tranquilly to speak to the roi. II lui dit: kivg. fie to him said: O Aceste! si le maiheur du jeune Telemaque, qui Jcesies! if the mifortvn? of the young Telemachus, icho n'a jamais porie les arises centre les Troyens, ne not has ever carried the arms against the Trojans, not peut vous toucher, du moms que votre propre is able you to touch, of the less, {at least) let your cv:n interet vous touche. La science que j'ai acquise interest you touch. The science that I have acquired des presages et de la volome des dieux, me fait of the presages and of the mil of the gods, me makes connoifre qu'avant que*trois jours soient ecotiles vous toknoio that before thai three days be elapsed you serez attaque par des peuples barbares, qui viennent will be attacked by some people barbarous, ivho come comme un torrent du baut des montagnes pour inon- os a torrent from the height of the mountains for to inun- der votre ville et pour ravager tout votre pays. Ha- date your eity and for to ravage all your country. Has- tez-vous de les prevenir; mettez vos peuples sous les ten you of them to prevent; put your peoples under the armes; et ne perdez pas un moment pour retirer arms: and not loose step one moment for to withdraw au-dedans de vos murailles les riches troupeaux que within of your walls the rich flocks which when Mentor asked tranquilly to speak to the king, and said to him: O Acestes! if the misfortune of the young" Telemachus, who Dever has carried arms against the Trojans, cannot move you, at least let your own interest touch you. The science which I have acquired of the presages and of the will of the gods, makes me know that before three days be elapsed you shall be attacked by a barbarous people, who come as a torrent from the height of the mountains to inundate your city and ravage all your country. Make haste to prevent them; put your people under arms, and do not lose a moment to withdraw within your ^ lue rich ilocks which 32 TELEMACHUS. vous avez dans la campagne. Si ma predictii you have in the country. If my prediction is fausse,vous serez Iihre de nous immoler dans trois jours; false. you ivillbe free of us to immolate in three si au contraire elle est veritable, souvenez-vous qu'on if to the contrary it is true, remembei you that om ne doit pas oter la vie a ceux de qui on la not owes step to take away the life to those pom whom one his own tient. holds. Aceste fut etonne de ces paroles que Mentor lui Jlcestes was astonished of these words which Mentor to him disoit avec une assurance qii'il n'avoit jamais trouvee said with an assurance that he not had ever found en aucun homme. Je vols bien^repondit-il, 6 etranger, in any man. I see well, answered he, stranger, que les dieux, qui vous ont si mal partage pour tous les that the gods, who you have so ill allotted for all the dons de la fortune, vous ont accorde une sagesse qur gifts of the fortune, to you have granted a wisdom which est plus estimable que toutes les prosperites. En memo is more estimable than all the prosperities. In mean temps il retarda le sacrifice, et donna &vec diligence les times he delayed the sacrifice, and gave with diligence the ordres necessaires pour prevenir Pattaque dont Mentor orders necessary for to prevent the attack of which Mentor l'avoit menace. On ne voyoit de tous cotes que des him had threatened. They not saw of all sides but of the you have in the country. If my prediction is false, you will be at liberty to immolate us in three days; if, on the contrary, it is true, remember that one ought not to take away the life from those to whom he owes his own. Acestes was astonished at these words, which Mentor said with an assurance which he had never found in any other man. I see very well, replied he, O stranger, that the gods, who have so ill gifted you, with regard to the favour of fortune, have granted you wisdom which is more estimable than all pros- perity. At the same time he delayed the sacrifice, and gave with diligence the necessary orders, in order to prevent the at- tack with which Mentor had threatened him. They saw on all sides but TELEMACHUS. S3 femmes tremblantes, et des vieillards courbes, des women trembling, and some old men bent down, some petits enfants leslarmesauxyeux,qui se retirement little {small) children the tears to the eyes, who themselves withdrew dans la viile. Les boeufs mugissants etlesbrebis belantes into the city. The oxen bellowing and the ewes bleating venoient en foule, quittant les gras paturages, et ne came in crowd, quilting the fat pastures, and not pouvant trouver assez d'etables pour etre mis a being able to find enough of stables for to be put to couvert. C'etoient de routes parts des bruits confus de couver. It were of all parts seme noise confused of gens qui se poussoient les uns les autres, qui ne people who themselves pushed the ones the others, who not pouvoient s'entendre, qui prenoicjit dans ce were able themselves to understand who look in that trouble un inconnu pour leur ami, et qui couroient, confusion an unknown for their friend, and who ran sans sa* oir ou tendoient leurs pas. Mais les princi- without to know where tended their steps. But the princi- paux de la ville, se croyant plus sages que les pals of the city, themselves believiiig mere wise than the autres, s'imaginoient que Mentor etoit un imposteur others, themselves fancied that Mentor was an impostor qui avoit fait une fausse prediction pour sauver sa vie, who had made a false prediction for to save his life. Avant la fin du troisieme jour, pendant qu'ils Before the end of the third day, whilst that they trembling woolen, old men bent down, small children with tears in their eyes, who were retiring* into the city. The bellowing 1 oxen and the bleating sheep, came in crowds, quitting the fat pastures, and not being able to find stables enough to shelter them. There was all around but confused noise of people who pushed one another, who took, in that confusion, a stranger for a friend, and who ran, without knowing where to direct their steps. But the principals of the city, believing themselves wiser than the rest, imagined that Mentor was an impostor who had made a false prediction to save his life. Before* the end o^ the third day, whilst they 34 TELEMACHUS. etoient pleins de ces pensees, on vit sur le penchant were full of these thoughts, they saw upon the declivity des montagnes voisines un touibillon de poussiere; of the mountains neighbouring a curling cloud of dust; puis on appercut une troupe innombrable de barba- then they perceived a crowd innumerable of the barba- res amies; c'etoient les Himeriens, peuples feroces, rians armed: they were the Himcrians, people ferocious, avec les nations qui habitent sur les monts Nebrodes, with the nations who inhabit on the mounts Nebrodes, et sur le sommet d'Acrai^as, oii re^ne un hiver que and on the summit of Acragas, where reigns a winter which les zephyrs n'ont jamais adouci. Ceux qui avoier.t the zephyrs not have^ ever softened. Those who had meprise la prediction de Mentor perdirent leurs despised the prediction of Mentor lost their esclaves et leurs troupeaux. Le roi clit a Mentor: slaves and their flocks. The king said to Mentor: j'oublie que vous etes des Grecs; nos eimemis de- 1 forget that you are of the Greeks; our enemies be- viennent nos amis fideMs. Les Dieux vous ont envoyes come our friends faithful The Gods you have sent pour nous snuver: je n'attends pas moins de notre for us to save : I not expect step less of your valeur que de la sagesse de vos conseils; hatez vous de valour than of the wisdom of your counsels; hasten you of nous secourir. us to succour. were full of these thoughts, the} 7 saw on the declivity of the neighbouring" mountains a curling' cloud of dust; then they perceived an innumerable troop of barbarians armed: They were the Himerians. a ferocious people, with the nations who inhabit upon the mount Nebrodes. and upon the summit of Acragas, where reigns a winter which the Zephyrs never have softened. Those who had despised the prediction of Mentor lost their slaves and their Mocks. The king said to Mentor: I forget that you are Greeks; our enemies becomes our faith- ful friends. The gods have sent you in order to save us: I do not expect less from your valour than from the wisdom of counsels; hasten to succour us. TELEMACHUS, 35 Mentor ^montre dans ses yeux une audace qui Mentor shows in his eyes an audacity which etonne les plus fiers combattants. II prend unbouclier, astonishes the most fierce combatards. He takes a buckler , un casque, une epee, une lance; ii range les soldats a m hemlet, a sword, a lance; he ranges the soldiers d'Aceste, il marc lie a leur tete, et s'avance en bon of Acestes; he marches at their head, and himself advances in good ordre vers les ennemis. Ac'este, quoique plcin de order towards the enemies. Actstes, although full of courage, rie pcut dans sa vieiVlesse le suivre que de cow-age, not can in his old age him to follow but of join Je !e suis de plus pres, mais je ne puis eg-ler sa far. I him follow of more near, but I not can equal his valeur. Sa cuirasse ressembloit dans ie combat, a valour. His coatofoiail resembled in the combat, to ]*jmmortelle Egide. La mort couroit de rafig en rang the imrajrtal JEgis. The death ran from rank in rank par-tout sous ses roups. Semblable a un lion de by all, [everywhere) under his blows. Like to a lion of Numidie que la crueHe faitn devores, et qui entre Jiumidia whom the cruel hunger devours, and who enters dans un troupeau de foibles brebis, <1 decbire, il in among a flock of weak sheep, he tears, he egorfke, il nage dans le sang; et les bergers, loin de slaughters, he swims in the blood; and the shepherds, far of Mentor shows in his eyes a boldness which astonishes the bravest combatants. He takes a buckler, a helmet, a sword, a lance; he marshals the soldiers of Acestes; he marches at their head, and advances in good order towards the enemies. Acestes. though full of coinage, can only, in his old age, fol- low him at a distance; I followed him nearer, but I could not equal his valour. His coat of mail resembled, in the com- bat, to the immortal Egis. Death ran from rank to rank every where under his blows. Like a lion of Numidia, whom cruel hunger devours, who enters amongst a Hock of weak sheep, he tears, he slaughters, he swims in blood; and the shepherds, far from 36 TELEMACHUS. secourir le troupeau, fuieut, tremblants, pour se to succour the flock, fly, trembling, for themselves derober a sa fureur. to steal to his fury. Ces barbares, qui esperoicnt de surprendre la ville. These barbarians, who expected of to surprise the city, furent eux-memes surpris et deconcertes. Les sujets were themselves surprised and disconcerted. The subjects d'Aceste, anirn.es par 1'exernple et par les ordres de of Jcestes, animated by the example and by the orders of Mentor, eurent urns v%ueiir dorrj ils ne se Mentor, had a vigour of which they not themstlves croyoient point capables. De ma iance je rem thought point capable. Of, with my lance J overthrew le fiis du roi de ce pe'uple em.emi. II etoitde monaire, the son of the king of that people enemy. He u\:s of my age, mais il etoit plus grand que moij car ce peuple but he was more great, (talhr) than I; for this people venoit d'une race de geants qui etoient de la n.tme came of a race of giants who were of the same origine que les Cyclopes; H meprisoit r,n ennemi a origine that (as) the CycUrpes he dispised an enemy as foible que moi. Maib sans m'etonner desa force weak as I. But without myself to astonish of his force prodij^ieuse ni de son air sauva^e et brutal, je poussai prodigious nor of his air savage and brutal, I pushed ma lance con t re sa poitrine, et je lui fis vomir, en my- lance against his breast, and I him made vomit, in protecting- the flork, fly, trembling", in order to escape his fury. These barbarians, who expected to stirprise the town, were themselves surprised and disconcerted. The subjects of Aces- tes, animated by the example and orders of Mentor, felt a vigour of which they did not think themselves capable. With my lance I overthrew the son of the king of that people. He was of my age,but he was taller than I; for these people came from a race of giants who were of the same origin with the Cyclops: he despised an enemy as weak as I was. Hut without being astonished at his prodigious force s or at his brutal and savage air, I pushed my lance against his breast, and made birn, id TELEMACHUS. 37 explain, des torrents d'un sang noir. II pensa expiring, cf the torrents cf a blood black. He thought (he was m'ecraser clans sa chute; le bruit de like to, near to) me to crush to pieces in his fall; the noise of ses armes relent k jusqu'aux montagnes. Je pris ses his arms resounded even to the mountains. I took his depouilles, et je revins trouver Aceste. Mentor, ayant spoils, and I came back to find Acestes. Mentor, having acheve de mettre les ennemis en desordre, les tailla finished of to put the enemies in disorder, them cut en piece*, et poussa les fuyards jusques dans in pieces, and pushed (drove) the fugitives even (as far as) into les forets. the forests. ■ \\ Uri succes si inespere fit regnrder Mentor A success so unexpected made to look (consider) Mentor eomme un horn me c 1 eri et inspire des as a vian chenshed (tenderly loved) and inspired of the Dteux. Aceste, touche de reconnoissance, nous Gods. Acestes, touched of (with) gratitude, us avertit qu'ii craignoit tout pour nous, si les advertised (warned) that he feared all for us if the vaisseaux d'Enee revenoient en Sicile: il nous en vessels ofJEneas would cume back into Sicily: he to us of them donna un pour rctourner sans retardement en notre gave one for to return without delay into our pays, nous combla de p esents, et nous pressa de country, us overloaded of presents, and us pressed of expiring, vomit torrents of black blood. He was near to have crushed me by his fall; the noise of his arms resounded as far as the mountains. I took his spoils, and returned to Acestes. Men- tor having- finished to put the enemy in disorder, cut them to pieces, and drove the fugitives even to the forests. A success so unexpected cauced Mentor to be considered as a man beloved and inspired by the gods. Acestes, touched with gratitude, warned us that he feared every thing for us in case the vessels of iEneas would come back to Sicily. He gave us one, in order to go back, without delay, to our coun- try, loaded us with presents, and pressed us D 38 TELEMACHLS. parti r, pour pr£venir tous les malheurs qui'il pre- to depart, for to prevent all the misfortunes which he fort- voyoit: mais il ne voulut nous clonner ni un piiote saio: but he not was willing to us to give neither one pilot ni ties rameurs de sa nation, de peur qu'ils ne or of the rowers of his nation, of (for) fear that they not fnssent trop exposes sur les cotes de la Grece. II might be too much exposed upon the coasts of the Greece. JJe nous donna des marchands Pheniciens, qui, etant en to us gave some merchants Phenicians, who, being in commerce avec tous les peuiles du monde, n'avoient commerce with all the people cf the world, not had rien a craindre, et qui devoient raraener le vais- nothing to fear, and who owed (were) to bring back the ves- seau a Aceste quand ils nous auroient laisses en set to rfcestes when they us would have left in Ithaque. Mais les Dieux, qui se jouent des desseins Ithaca. But the Gods, who themselves sport cfthe desig7i$ des hommes, nous reservoient a d'autres dangers. cfthe men, its reserved to of other dangers. to depart, to prevent all the misfortunes which he foresaw: but he would not give us pilots nor rowers of his nation, lest they would be too much exposed upon the coasts of Greece. He gave us Phenician merchants, who, being" in commerce with all the people of the world had nothing to fear, and ought to bring back the vessel to \cestes, when they would have left us in Ithaca. But the gods, who make their sports with the designs of men, reserved us for other dangers. END OF BOOK FIRST. BOOK II. TRANSLATION OF WORDS. Les Tyriens, par leur fierle, avoient in ite conrre The Tyrians, by their pride, had irritated against eux le grand roi Sesostris, qui regribit enE^ypte, et qui them the great king Sesostris, who reigned in Egypt, and who avoit conquis tant de royaumes. Les richesses qu'ils had conquered so many of kingdoms. The riches that they ont acquises par le commerce, et la force de Pimpre- have acquired by the commerce, and the force of the impreg- nable ville de Tyr, situee dans la mer, avoient enfle nable city of Tyre, situated in the sea, had swelled up le co3ur de ces pennies: ils avoient refuse de payer a the heart of these people: they had refused of to pay to Sesostris le tribut qu'il leur avoit impose en Sesostris the tribute which he upon them had imposed in revenant de ses conquetes; et ils avoient fourni des coming back from his conquests; and they had furnished some TRANSLATION OF IDEAS. The Tyrians, had. bv their pride, exasperated against them the great kiug Sesostris, who reigned in Egypt, and who had conquered so many kingdoms. The riches which they had acquired b\ their commerce, and the strength of ihe impreg- nable city of Ty re, situated in the sea, had swelled up the heart of' these people: they had refused to pay to Sesostris the tri- bute which he had imposed upon them at his retuiu from bis conquests; and they had furnished 40 TELEMACHUS. troupes a son frere, qui avoit voulu le massacrer a son troops to his brother, icho had unshed him to massacre at his retour, au milieu des rejouissances d'un grand t'estin. return, in midst of the r(joicings of a great festival, Sesostris avoit vesolu, pour abattre leur Sesostris had resolved, (determined) for to beat down their orgueil,de troubler leur commerce dans toutes lesmers. pride, of to disturb their commerce in all the seas. Ses vaisseaux alloient de tous coies chei chant les PLeni- His vessels went of all sides seeking the Pheni- ciens. Une flotte Egyptienne nous rencontra. comme cians. A fleet Egyptian us met as nous commencions a perdre de vue les montagnes de we began to lose of sight the mountains of la Sicile: le port et la terre sembloient fuir dcrriere the Sicily: the port and the land seemed to fly behind nous et se perdre dans les nues. En menie temps us and themselves to lose in the clouds* In the same time nous voyons approcher les na vires des Egyptiens, ice see to approach the ships of the Egyptians, semblables a une viile flottante. Les Pheniciens les like to a city floating. The Phenicia,ns them reconnurent, et voulurent s'en eloigner: recognised and icislied themselves from them to remove. mais il n'etoit plus temps; leurs voiles etoient meilieures but it not was more time; their sails were better que les notres; le vent les favorisolt; leurs rameurs than the cms; the wind them favoured; thtir rowers troops to his brother, who had desired to massacre him at his return, io the midst of the rejoicings of a great festival. Sesostris had determined, in order to humble theif pride, to disturb their commerce over all the seas. His shins sailed in i. very direction seeking the Phenicians. An Egyptian fleet met us, as we began to lose sight of the mountains of Sicily: the port and the land seemed to fly behind us and lb 1 selves in the clouds. At the same time w ,-roaehir.g the ships of the Egyptians, like a floating- cily. The Phenicians knew them, and wished to remove themselves from them: but >t was too late; their sails were better than ours, the wind fa- voured them; their rowers TELEMACHUS. 41 eto-icnt en pins grfeand nombre: iis nous abordent, nous were in more great number: they us hoard, us prennent, et nous emmenent prisonniers en Egypte, take, and us lead prisoners in Egypt. En vain je b j ur representai que nous n'etions pas In vain I to them represented that we not were step Phe*;ioicns; a peine daisrn* rent-iis m'ecouter: Us nous Phenicians; hard'y deigned they tome to listen: they vs regnrdeY.cnt com me ries esciaves dont !es Fheniciens considered as some slaves with whom the Phenicians trafiquoieht; et iis ne songerent qu'au profit d'une haded; and they not thought but to the profit of a telle prise. Deja nous remarquons leseaux.de la mer suck prize. Mreudy [we remark the waters of the' sea qui blanchissent par Ie melange de ceiies du Nil, et which whiten by the mixture of those of the Nile, and nous vovons la cote cPE.gy.pte presque aussi 'basse que we see the coast of Egypt almost as low as la mer. Ensuite nous arrivons a Pisle de Pharos, the sea. Afterwards we arrive ut the isle of Pharos, voisine de la ville de No. Dela nous remontons le neighbour of the city of JVo. From thence we remcunt the Nil jusqu'a Memphis. »\'ile even to Memphis Si la douleur de notre captivite ne nous eiit rendus If the grief of our captivity not us had rendered insensibles a tous les plaisirs, nos yeux auroient ete insensible to all the pleasures, our eyes would have been were more numerous: they board us, take us, and carry us prisoners into Egypt. It was in vain that I represented to them that we were not Phenicians; they did not even deign to listen to me: they con- sidered us as slaves of whom the Phenicians traded; and they thought but of the profitof such a prize. Already we observe the waters of the sea which whiten by the mixture of those of the Nile, and we see the coast of Eg-ypt almost as low as the sea. Afterwards we arrive at the island of Pharos, near to the city of No. From thence we reascend the Nile as far as Memphis. If the grief of our captivity had not rendered us insensible to all pleasures, our eyes would have been d2 42 TELLATACi; charmes de voir ccttc fertile terre (i'E r ;ypte, st charmed of to see this fertile land cf L tike a. un jardin deiicieux arrose d'un nombic injFnj de ca- ?o a garden dtlighiful watered of a "..umber infinite cf ca- naux. Nous ne pouvions Jeter les yeux sur les deux nals. We not couhl cost the eyes on the two rivages, sans appcrcevoir 'les villes opuler.ie--, ce> banks, without to perceive some toicns opulent, somt nraisons de campagne agreablement situees, des terres houses of country agreeably situated. cfLhe lands qui se couvroient tous les ans d'une moisson which themselves covered all the years of a harvest doree sans se reposer jamais, des prairies gilded without themselves to repose tver of the meadows pleines de troupeaux. des laboureiirs qui etoient acca- full of flocks, of the labourers who were cver- b.es sous le^oids des fruits que la terre epanchoit ic helmed under the load of the fnuls which the earth poured out de son sein. Des bergers qui faisoient repeter les nf htr bosom. Of the shepherds who mode repeal the doux sons de leurs flutes et de leurs chaiu&ieaox I fweel sounds of their flutes and of their pipes t& tous les echos d'ldentrmr. all the echos of all around. Heureux, disoit Mentor, le peuple qui est ronduit Happy, said Mentor, the people icho is comlucted par un sage roi! il est dans Tabondance, il vit heureux, by a lohe king! he is In the abundance, he lives happy, charmed in seeing" this fertile land of Egypt, like a beautiful garden, watered by an infinite number of canals. We cowW not cast our eyes on either bank, without perceiving; opulent cities, country houses agreeably situated, lands which every year were covered with a golden harvest without ever repo* meadows full of docks, husbandmen sinking- under the w of the fruits which the earth poured out of her boson* Shep- herds who caused all the echos around to repeat the sweet s »ands of their flutes and pipes. Happy, said Mentor, the people whom a wise king governs! ;hey live in abundance, they are happy. TELEMACHUS. 4J ne cciui a qui il doit tout son bonheur. C*est ves Mm to whcmhe oives all his happiness. It is ainsi, ajoutoit-il, 6 Te!eni?que, que vnus devez regner, thus, addid he, Ttltmachus, that you ewe to reign*, et fairc la joie de vos pen pies, si jamais les dieux audio mate the joy of your people, if ever the gods vous fort posseder le royaume de votre pere. Aimez you make to possess the kingdom of your father. Love vos peuples comme vos enfa-nts; gouttz le plaisir d'etre your people as your children; taste the pleasure of to be ;.inie d', ux, et faites qu'ils ne puissenl jamais sentir Uved of them, and make that they not be able ever to feel la paix et la joie sans se ressouvenh* que e'est the peace and the joy without themselves to remember that it is uii bon roi qui leur a fait ces riches presents. Les good king who to them has mack these rich presents. The rois qui ne sor.oent qu'a se (aire crardre et qu'a kings who not think bu! tolhemsdves to make feared and but to abattre leurs sujeis pour les rend re plus sou mis ' beat down theirs sv.bjtcts for tlum to render more submissive sont les lleaux clb genre hunvain. lis sont craints are ~ cs °f ^ in{ ^ human. They are feared comme Us le veulent etre; mais i!s sont haVs, de- as they it wished to be; but they are hated, de- testes; et iis out encore plus a craindre de leurs su- tested; and they have yet more to fear from their sub- je's, que leurs sujets n'ont a craindre d'eiix. jects, than their subjects not have to fear from them. and love him to wliom they owe their happiness. It is thus, ad'ied he, O Telemachus, that you must reign and make the joy ofyoiir people, if ever the srods make you possess the king- dom of your father. Love your people as yout children; taste the pleasure of being loved by them, and act fo that they never can feel peace and joy without remembering" that it is a good king" who has granted them ihe^e rich presents. The kings w l .o think but of making themselves feared, aid of humbling their subj f is in order to render them more submissive, are the scourgres of human kind. They are feared a> ihey wished to be; but ihey are hated, detested, and they yet have more to ft nr from their subjects, than their subjects have to fear from them. 44 TELEMACHUS. Je repondois a Mentor: Helas! ii n'est pas ques I answered to Mentor; Mas! it not is step question de songer aux maximes suivant les quelle? on doii of to think to the maxims according to which one m0es regner; ii n'y a plus d'lthaque pour nous; noiib ne to reign; it not there has more of Ithaca for us; we not reverrons jamais ni notre patrie ni Penelope; et shall see again ever neither our country nor Pent lope; and quand in erne Ulysse retourneroit plein de gloire dans son when even Ulysses would return full of glory in his royaume, il n'aura jamais la joiede m'y voir; jamais kingdom, he not will have ever the fy of me there to see; ever je iraurai celle de lui obe*r pour apprendre a com- / net shall have that of to him to obey for to learn to cvm- mandcr. Mourons, mon cher Mentor, nulie autre mand. Let us die, my dear Maxtor, no other pensee ne nous est plus permist: mourons, puisque les thought not to us is more permitted: let us die, since the dieux n'ont aucune pitie de nous. gods not have any pity of us. En parlant ainsi, de profonds sonpirs entrecoupoient In speaking thus, of profound sighs interrupted toutes mes paroles. Mais Mentor, qui craignoit les all my words But Mentor, loho , feared the niaux avant qu'ils arrivassent, ne savoit ce que e'etoit evils before that they arrive, not knew tliat which it was que de les craindre des qu'ils etoient arrives. In- that of them to fear as soon as that they were arrived. Un- I answered Mentor: Alas! it is not a question now to think rf the maxims according to which one ought to rei^n; there is no more an Ithaca for us: we shall never see again neither our country nor Penelope: and even should Ulysses return, crown- ed with glory, into his kingdom, he never will have the joy to see me th?re; never shall 1 have that of obeying him in order to learn how t > command. Let us die my dear Mentor, no other thought is any longer permitted us; let us die since the gods have no pity upon us. In speaking thus, profound sighs interrupted all my words. But Mentor, who feared the evils before they had arrived, did not know what it was to fear them after they were arrived. Un- TELEMACnUS. 4 5 digne flls du sage Ulysse! s' ecroii-il, quoi done! worthy son of the wise Ulysses! himself cried he, what then! vous vous laisscz vaincre a voire malheur! Sachez you yourself let to conquer to your misfortune! Know que vous reverrez un jour l'isle d'lthaque et Penelo- that you will sec again cne day the isle of Ithaca and Penelo- pe. Vous venez dans sa premiere globe celui que pe. You will see in his frsl gl° r y him whom vous n'avez point connu, l'invincibie Ulysse, que la yru iiqi have point fotofew, the invincible Ulysses, ichomthe foi tune ne peat abattre, et qui, dans ses malheurs fortune net is able tooeatdow % i, and who, in his misfortunes encoie plus grands que Its votres,- vous apprend a ne yrt more great than the yours, you teaches to not vous dexo/urager jamais. Oh! s'il pouvoit apprendre, you to discourage ever. Oh! if he was able to learn, dans tes terres eloignees, ou la tempete l'a jete,que in the lands' remote, where the tempest him has cast, that son fils ne scait imiter ni sa patience ni soncourage, his son not knows to imitate neither his patience nor his courage, cette nouvelle l 9 accablerQi«: de home, et , lui that news him would overwhelm of shame, and to him seioit plus rude que tons ies malheurs qu'il soufifre would be more hard than all the misfortunes which he suffers depuis si long-temps. since so long time. Ensuite Mentor me faisoit remarquer la joie et •Afterwards Mentor me made to remark the joy and worthy son of the wise Ulysses! cried he, what then! you suffer yourself to he conquered by jour misfortune! know that you shall see ag-ain one daj*, the island of Ithaca and Penelope. You shall even see in his first glory him whom you have not known, the invincible Ulysses, whom fortune cannot conquer, and who, in his misfortunes, still greater than yours, teaches you never to be discouraged. Oh! if lie could learn, in the re- in >te lands where tempests have east him, that his son knows not how to imitate either his patience or his courage, this news would overwhelm him with shame, and would he to him more hard than a!i the misfortunes which lie suffers since so lerrr a tim^. Afterwards Mentor made me remark the joy and 46 TELEMACIIUS. l'abondance repandue dans tonte la campn^ne d'Kgvptc, the abundance spread in all the country of Egypt, ou i'on comptoit jusqu'a vingt-deux mille villus. where the one counted even to twenty-two thousand town*. II admiroit la bonne police de ces villes: la justice He- admired the good police of these towns; the justice exercee en faveur du pauvre contre le riche; la exercised in faveur of the poor against the rich; the bonne education des enfants, qu'on accoulumoit a good education of the children, that they accustomed to l'obeissance, aq travail, a la sobriete* a l'amour des the obedience, to the work, to the sobriety, to the love of the arts ou des lettres; IVxactiu-de pour toutes les cere- als or of the letters; the. exactitude for all the cere.- monies de la religion; ie desintere^ssment, le desir de monies of the religion; the disinterestedness, the desire of l'honneur, la fidelite pour les holmes et la crainte the honour, the fidelity for the men and the fear pour les Dieux, que chaque pere inspiroit a ses enfants. for the Gods, ichich every father inspired to his children, II ne se lassoit point d'admirer ce bel ordre. He not himself tired point of to admire this beautiful order. Heureux, me disoit-il sans cesse- le peuple qu'un Happy, to me said he without ceasing the people whom a sage roi conduit ainsi! raais encore plus heureux le wise king conducts thus! but yet more happy the roi qui fait le bonheur de taut de peuples, et qui king who makes the happiness of so many of people y and who the abundance spread over all the country of Egypt, where they numbered twenty-two thousand cities. He admired the good police of th; se cities; justice administered in favour of the poor against the rich; the g-ood education of children, whom they accustomed to obedience, to labour, to sobriety, to the love of arts or letters; the exactitude for ail the ceremouies of religion; the disinterestedness, the desire of honour, the fidelity towards men and the fear of the gods, which every father in- spired to his children. lie was not tired to admire this beau- tiful order. Happy, did he continually say to me, the people whom a wise kiag conducts thus! but still more happy the king who procures happiness to so many people, and who TELEMACHUS. 47 trouve le sicn dans sa vertu! II tient les homines par finds the his own in his virtue! He holds the men by un lien cent fois plus fort que ceiui de la crainte; string (tie) hundred times mo ie strcng than that of the fear; c'est celui de Pamour. Non seulement on lui obeit, it is that of the love. Not only they to him obey, nictis encore on aime a lui obeir. II re^ne dans tous but yet they love to him to obey. He reigns in all les coeurs; chacun, bien loin de vouloir s' en the hearts; everyone, very far of to be witling themselves of him defaire, craint de le perclre, et donneroit sa vie pour to rid, J\ars of him to lose, and would give his life for lui. fcm. Je remarquois ce que disoit Mentor, et je sentois / remarked that which said Mentor, and I felt renaitre mon courage au i nd de mon coeur a mesure to' revive my courage to the bottom of my heart to the measure que ce sage ami me parinit. that this vise friend to me speke. Aussitot que nous i'umt's arrives a Memphis, ville As soon as that we were arrived at Memphis, town opulente et magnifique, le i^ouverneur ordonna que nous opulent and magnificent, the governor ordered that we irions ju^ques a Thebes pour etre presenters au roi should go even to Thebes in order lobe presented to the king Sesostris, qui vouloit examiner les choses par lui-meme, Sesostris, who wished to examine the things by him self. finds his cwn in his virtue! He holds men by a tie a hundred times stronger than that of fear, it is that of love. They not I only obey him, but still they love to obey him He reigns in tl»e heart of all; every one, very far from wishing to get rid of I him. fears to lose him, and would give his life for him. I remarked what Mentor said, and I felt my courage revive I in the bottom of my heart in proportion as this wise friend spoke 1 to me. As soon as we were arrived at Memphis, an opulent and [magnificent city, the governor ordered that we should go as far as Thebe in order to be presented to the king Sesostris, who wished to examine every thing by himself, 48 TELEMACriUS. et qui etoit fort anime conire les Tyriens. Nous re- and who was very much animated against the Tynans. We re- mon'itnes done encore le long clu Nil, jusqu'a cette mounted therefore yet the long of Ike Nile, even to that fameuse Thebes a cent portes,* ou habitoit ce famous Thebes to the hundred gates, where inhabited this grand roi. Cette ville nous parut d'une etendue im- gveat king. That city to us appeared (fan extent im- mense, et plus peuplee que les plus fiorissanies villes mense, and more peopled than the most flourishing cities de la Gi'ece. La police y est parfuie pour la of the Greece. The police there is perfect for the propre'e des rues pour le cottrs des eaux, pour la neatness rf the streets, for the course of the waters, for the commodi e dc s bains, pour la culture des arts, et poar commodity of the baths, for the cultivation of the arts, and for la surete publique. Les places sont ornees de fontaines the surety public. The places are adorned of fountains et d'obelisqoes; les temples sont de marbrc, et d'une and of obelisks; the temples are cf marble, and of an architecture simple, mais majestueuse. Le palais du architecture simple, but mijestic The palace of the prince est lui seul commc une grande vilie; on prince is itself alone as a large city; one n'y voit que Colonnes de marhre, que pyractiicles et -not there sees but columns of marble, but pyramids and and was very much exasperated against the Tyriaus. We therefore reascended again along- the Is'ne as far as thai famous Thebes with a hundred gates, where inhabited this great king-. The extent of that city appeared to us immense, and more peo- pled than the most flourishing cities of Greece. The police is perfect (here as to the neatness of the streets, the course of wa- ters, the commodity of baths, the eultivaion of arts, and the public safety. The squares are ornamented with fountains and obelisks; the temples are of marble, of a simple architec- ture, but majestic. The palace of the prince alone is like a large city; they see there but columns of marble, pyramids and TELEMACHUS. 49 obelisques, que statues colossales, que meubles d'or obelisks, but statues colossal, but furniture of gold et d'argent massifs. and of silver solid. Ceux qui nous avoient pris dirent au roi que nous Those who us had taken said to the king that ice avions ete t- ouves dans un navire Phenicien. II had been found in a ship Fhenkian. He ecoutoit chaque jour a eertaines heures reglees tous ■ad every day at certain hours regulated to all ceux de ses sujets qui avoient ou des plaintes a lui those of his subjects who had either some complaints to him faire on des avis a lui donner. II ne meprisoit ni ne io make or some advice to him to give. Be not despised nor net ■ oil personne, et ne cruyoit etre roi que pour rebuked anybody, and not believed to be king but for laiie ciu bien a tous ses sujets, qu'il airnoit comine to do ofUteguod to all his subjects, whom he loved as ses enfants. Pour les etrangers, il les recevoit avec his children. Jis to the strangers, he them received with bonte, et vouloit les voir, parcequ' 1 croyoit qu'on goodness, and wished them to see, because he believed that one apprenriut tou jours quelque chose d'utile, en s' ins- darned ahoays some thing of useful, in oneself in- truisant ues inoeurs et des maximes des peuples strutting of the manners and of the maxims of the people eloi^nes. remote. obelisks, colossal statues, furniture of solid gold and silver. Thosp who had taken us said to the king that we had been found in a Phenician vessel. He listened every day, at certain stntf d hours, to all those of his subjects who had either com- plaints to make to him or advices to give him. He neither des- pised nor repulsed any bod\ , and he believed himself a king- only to do good to al) his subjects, whom he loved as bis children. As for straugers, he received them with kindness, and wished to see them, because he thought that one learned always some- thing useful, in being instructed in the manners and maxims of distant people. £ 50 TELEMACHUS. Cette curiosite du roi fit qu'on nous presenta a That curiosity of the king made that one xcs presented to lui. II etoit sur un trone d'ivoire, tenant en main un Mm. He was upon a throne of ivory, holding in hand a sceptre d'or. 11 etoit deja vieux, mais agreable, sceptre of gold. He was already old, but agreeable, plein de douceur et de majeste: il jugeoit tous les full of sweetness and of majesty: he judged all the jours les peuples, avec une patience et une sagesse days the people* with a patience and a v;isdom qu'on admiroit sans fiatterie. Apres avoir travaille that one admired without flattery. After to have worked toute la journee a regler les affaires et a rend re all the day to regulate the affairs and to render uneexactejustice,il se delassoit le soir aecouterdes an exact justice, he himself refreshed the evening to listen of the hommes savants, ou a con verse r avec les plus bonnetes men learned, or to converse with the more honest gens, qu'il savoit bien choisir pour les admettre dans people, whom he knew well to choose for them to admit in sa familiarity. On ne pouvoit lui reprocher en toute his familiarity. One not was able to him to reproach in all sa vie que d'avoir triomphe avec trop de faste des his life but of to have triumphed with too much of ostentation of the rois qu'il avoit vaincus, et de s'etre confie a kings whom he had vanquished, and of himself to be trusted to un de ses sujets que je vous depeindrai tout-a i'heure. one of his subjects whom I to you will depict all to the hour. This curiosity of the king* caused us to be preseDted to him. He was upon an ivory throne, holding; in his hand a sceptre of gold. He was already old, but agreeable, full of sweetness and majesty: he judged the people every day, with a patience and a wisdom which were admired without flattery. After having toiled the whole day in regulating the affairs aud administering an exact justice, he refreshed himself in the evening by listen- ing to learned men, or by conversing with the most honest men, whom he knew very well how to choose before admitting them in 10 his familiarity. One could not reproach him during his whole life but for having triumphed with too much ostentation over ihe kings whom he had vanqui-hcd, and for having given a confidence to one of his subjects whom 1 shall I lescribe to you. TELEMACHUS. 51 Quanci ii me vit, il fut touche de ma jeunesse; il me When lie me saw, he was touched of my youth; he to me demanda ma patrie et mon nom. Nous fumes etonnes asked my country and my name. We were astonished de la sagesse qui parloit par sa bouche. of the wisdom which spoke by his mouth. Je firi repondis: O grand roi! vous n' ignorez pas I to him answered: great king! you not are ignorant step le siege de Troie, qui a dure dix ans, et sa mine, the siege of Troy, which has lasted ten years, and Us mini qui a coute tant de sang a toute la Grece. Ulysse which has cost so much of blood to all the Greece. Ulysses mon pere a ete un des prineipaux rois qui ont ruine my father has been one of the principal kings who have ruined cette ville: il erre sur toutes les raers, sans pouvoir that city, he ivanders over all the seas, without to be able retrouver 1'isle d'lthaque, qui est son royaume. Je to find again the island of Ithaca, which is his kingdom. I le cherche; et un malheur semblable au sien fait que him seek; and a misfortune like to his own makes that j'ai ete pris. Rendez-moi a mon pere et a ma 1 have been taken. Restore me to my father and to my patrie. Ainsi puissent les dieux vous conserver a vos country. Thus may the gods you to preserve to your enfants, et leur faire sentir la joie de vivre sous un children, and them to make feel the joy of to live under a si bon pere! so good father! When he saw rne he was touched with my youth; he asked me my country and my name. We were astonished at the wisdom which he uttered. I answered him: O great king! you are not ignorant of the siege of Troy, which lasted ten years, and its ruin, which has cost so much blood to all Greece. Ulysses, my father, has been one of the principal kings who have ruined that city: he wan- ders overall the seas, without being able to find again the isl- and of Ithaca, which 16 his kingdom. I seek him, and a misfor- tune like to his own is the cause for which I have been taken. Restore me to my father and to my country. Thus may the gods preserve you for your children, and make them feel the joy to live under so good a father! 52 TELEMACHUS. Sesostris continuoit a me regarcler d'un oeil de com- Sesostris continued to me to look of an eye of com- passion: mais voulant savoir si ce que je dis'ds etoit passion: but willing to know if that which I said ivas vrai, il nous renvoya a ira cle ses officiers, qui fut true, he us sent back to one nf his officers, who was charge cle s'informer, de ceux qui av^ient pris charged of himself to inform, of those who had taken notre vaisseau, si nous etions efTectivement ou Grecs cur vessel, if we were effectively either Greeks ou Pheniciens. S'ils sont Pheniciens, dit le roi, il or Phenicians. If they eire Phenicians, said the king x it faut doublement les punir, pour etre nos ennemis, is necessary doubly them to punish, for to be our enemies, et plus encore pour avoir voulu*nous tromper par un and more yet for to have wished its todrctive by a lache mensonge; si aucontraire ils sont Grecs, je veux base lie; if on the contrary they are Cheeks, I wish qu'on les traitc favorablement, et qu'on les renvoie that they them treat favourably, and that they them send back dans leur pays sur un de mes vaisseaux; car j'aime in their country upon one of my vessels; I love la Grece, plusieurs Egyptiens y ont donr.e des lois. the Greece, several Egyptians there have given of the laws. Je connbis la vertu d'Hercule; la gloire d'Achille est J knew the virtue of Hercules; the glory of Achilles is parvenue jusqu'a nous; et j'admire ce qu'on m' a come even to us; and I admire that which they to mt have Sesostris continued to look at me with an eve of com sion: but wishing to know if what I ^aid was true, he eent us back to one of his officers, who was charged to inform him*' )\\ of those who had taken < ur vessel, whether we were either Creeks or Phenicians. If they are Phenicians, !*nid the king, the}* must be doubly punished, for being- our enemies and yet more tu have wished to deceive us by a base lie; if on the eon- trary they are Greeks, 1 wish them to be treated favourably, to be sent .bark to their country in one of my vesa for I Jove Greece, many Egyptians have given laws there know the virtue of Hercul s; the glory of Achilles hfu . and I admire what has been TELEMACHCJS. 53 raconte de ia sagesse du malheureux Ulysse: mon related of the wisdom of the unhappy Ulysses* my plaisir esi de secourir ia vertu malheureuse. pleasure is of to succour the virtue unhappy, L'ofricier auquel le roi renvoya l'examen de notre The officer to whom the king sent back the examination of our affaire avok Tame aussi corrompue et aussi arti affair had the soul as corrupted and as art- ficieuse, que Sesostris etoit sincere et genereux. Cet fuly as Sesostris was sincere and generous. That officier se nommoit Metophis; il nous interrogea, officer himself named Metophis; he us interrogated, pour tacher de nous surprendre: et comme il vit que for to try of us to surprise: and as he saw that Mentor repondoit avec plus de sagesse que rnoi, il le Mentcr answered with more of wisdom than I, he him regarda avec aversion et avec defiance: car les me- regarded with aversion and with diffidence: for the wick- chants s' irritent contre les bons. II nous separa; ed themselves irntate against the good. He us separated, et depuis ce moment je ne scus point ce qu' etoit and since that moment I not knew point that which ivas devenu Mentor. become Mentor. Cette separation fut un coup de foudre pour moL This separation was a blow of thunder for me. Metophis esperoit toujours qu'en nous questionnant Metophis hoped always that in us questioning related to me of the wisdom of the unfortunate Ulysses: my pleasure is to succour virtue in distress. The officer to whom the king* referred the examination of our affair had a soul as corrupted and as artful, as Sesostris was sincere and generous. That officer's name was Metophis; he interrogated us, so as to try to surprise us; and as he saw that Mentor answered with more wisdom than I, he looked upon him with aversion and diffidence: for the wicked are irritated against the good. He separated us; and siuce that moment I knew not what had become of Mentor. That separation was to me as a thunder-stroke. Metophis always expected that in questioning us k2 LE'AJ vcnus. separement il poutToit nous faiie dire A<& separately he would be abU us torn tie to sny some Ik* contraires; sur-toui il croyoit nVeuiouir p~aa contrary; above nil (especially) lie btluvtd me to dazzle iy promesses flateuses, e.| me faire avouer ce que Men- promises flattering, and me make confess that which Men- tor lui auroit cache, enfin il ne chei xhoit pas de tor to him would have concealed. In fine he r>ot sought step of bonne foi la verite; mais il vouluit trouver quelque good faith the truth; but he wished tofiud some pretexte de dire an roi que nous -eiions clcs Pi eni- prttexls of to say to the king that we were some than- ciens, pour nous faire ses esclaves. En effet, malgre cians, for us to make his slaves. In /act, in spite notre innocence, et malgre la sagesse du roi, il our innocence, and in spite the wisdom of the king hi trouva le moyen de le t romper. Helas! a quoi les found the means of him to deceit e. Jllas! to what tlie rois sont-iis exposes! les plus sages meme sont sou vent kings are they exposed! the most wise themselvts are often surpris. l)es homines artificieux et interesses les surpriseM f. Some ariful and interested them environnent. Les^Pms se reticent* parcequ'iis surround* The good themselves withdraw, because they ne sont ni empresses ni flatteurs; les bons attendent not are neiifier eager nor flatterers; the good wait qu'on les cherche, et les princes ne savent guere les titat they them seek y and the princes not knew little them separately Ijo might make us say contrary Ihii cially he thought to dazzle me by his Battering promises, ami me confess thai which Mentor won td have concealed »V->m him. In Tine he did not seek truth with good faith; bui he wished to >me pretext to teli the king" thai order to make us hi* slaves. In faet, notwil 1 cur cence, and the wisdom of the King-, he found of deceiving* him. AJas! what are not kings ex; to! the wisest even are often surprised. Artful and hi- ed men surround tbem, the good withdraw tb< hey are neithe nor flatter until they w)d tlu princes du not knew how TELE.MAC'L 55 cfteFcher; au contrahe les inechants sout hardis, to go tostek; on the contrary the wicked are bold, trompeurs, empresses, a s 5 insinuer et a deceitful, eager to themselves to insinuate and to plaire, adroits a dissimuler, prets a tout faire centre please, skilful to dissimulate, ready to all to do against V honneur et la conscience pour con tenter les pas- ted honour and the conscience for to content the pas- sions de celui qui regne. Ob! qu' un roi est n>al- sions of him who reigns. Oh! how a king is un- heureux d' etre expose aux artifices des inechants! II happy of to be exposed to the artfulness of the wicked! He esl perdu s' ii ne repousse la flatterie, et s* il n' aime, is lost if he net repels the flattery, and if he not love, ceux qui discnt hardhnent la verite. Voila les time who say boldly the truth. Beheld the reflexions que je faisois dans mon malheur; et je me reflections which I made in my misfortune; and I myself rappelois tout cc que j'avois cui dire a Mentor. recalled all thai which 1 had heard to say to Mentor. Cependant Metophis m' envoya vers les mon- In the mean while Metophis me stum towards the meun- tagnes du desert d* Oasis avec ses esclaves, afin tains of the desert of Oasis with his slaves, in order que je servisse avec eux a conduire ses grands that I should serve with them to conduct his large troupeaux. flocks. to seek lliem; on the contrary, the wicked are bold, deceitful, eajrer to insinuate themselves and to please, skilful in dissimu- JaiiiiGT. ready to do ewry tiling- against nonour and conscience, in order to satisfy the passions t»f him who rei- i - e le soleii pain (< mrdly) the sun ravo is rays. TELEMACHUS. 57 des neiges qui ne fondent jamais et qui font un iriver of the snows which not melt ever and which make a icinter perpetuel sur ie sommot des montagnes; et Ton perpetual upon ike summit of the mountains; and there one irouve seuiement pour nourrir les troupeaux, cles finds only for to nourish (he fivcks some patUfages purrni ies rochers, vers le miM^u du ■pastures among the rocks. towards the .middle of the penchant de ces monthlies escurpees. K Les vahees declivity of thf.se mountains y sunt bi proiondes, qu' a there are so deep, that t-o V pent faipe luire ses 5 able to make to shine his Jc ne trouvai d'-atitres bpnini^ dans ce pays que _ I not fjimd of other men in that country but d:s bergers aussi sauvu^cs que ie pays meme. •: shi j,ii. ids as savage as the country itself. La, je pas-ens Its nuits a deplorer mon maihcu'r, et Tliere, I pussed the nights to a\piore my misfortune, and les jours a suivre un troupeau, pour evittr la tureur the days to fotlow a flock, for to avoid the fury brutale ti'un premier enclave, qui esperant d'obtenir brutal of a first slave, uho hoping of to obtain sa liberie, acrusoit sans cesse les autres, pour faire his liberty, accused wilnoui ceasing the others, for to make valoir a son maitre son zele et son attachemem a. scs lue to his master his zeal and his attachment to his snows which never melt and which make a perpetual winter U;:on the summit of the mountains: and there is only found, to feed the flock-. pastures among the rocks, towards the middle of the declivity of these steep mountains. The valiies are there so deep, thai hardly the sun can cause his rays to shine. I found in that country no other men than shepherds, a> sa- vage as the country itself. There, I passed the nights in deploring mv misfortune, and the days to follow a flock, in order to avoid the brutal fury of a first slave, who, expecting to obtain his liberty, continually accused the others, in order to extol his zeal and his attachment to his waster's TELEMACIIUS. interets. Cet esclave se nommojt Butis. Je devois interests. This slave himself named BiUls. I owed succcnber dans cette occasion: la douleur me pressant, to succumb in tliis occasion: the grief me pressing, j' oubliai un jour rnon troupeau, et je m* etendis / forgot one day my flock, and I myself sketched sur T herbe aupres d' une caverne oil j'attendois upon the grass near of a cavern whtre I expected la mort, ne pouvant plus supporter mes peines. the death, not being able more to support my pains. En ce moment je remarquai que toute la montagne In this moment I remarked that all the mountain trembloit; les chenes et les pins sembloient trembled; the oaks, and the pine trees seemed descendre de son sommet; les vents retenoient ieurs to descend of its summit; the icinds retained their haleines. Une voix mugissante sortit de la caverne, breaths. Ji voice bellowing came otH of the cavern, et me fit entendre ces paroles: fiis du sage Uiysse, and to me made to hear these words: son of the wise Ulysses, il faut que tu deviennes, comme lui, grand par la it is necessary thai thou becomest, as he, great by the patience: les princes qui ont toujours ete heureux ne patience: the princes ivho have always been happy not sont guere dignes de l'etre; la mollesse les corrompt, are little worthy of ittobe;the softness them corrupt, 1' orgueil les enivre. Que tu seras heureux, si the pride them intoxicates. Whom thou will be happy, if interest. That slave's name was Butis. I was about to sink on this occasion; gri )f pressing 1 me, I forgot one day my flock. I stretched myself upon the grass near to a cavern, where 1 expected death, not being able any longer to bear my troubles. In this moment I remarked that the whole mountain trem- bled, the oaks and the pine trees seemed to descend from its summit; the winds restrained their breath. A bellowing voice came out of the cavern, and made me hear these words: — Son of Ulysses, it is necessary that you should, as he, become great by your patience; the princes who have always been happy are not at all worthy of being so; effeminacy corrupts th» intoxicates them. Mow happy wilt you be if TELEMACHUS. 59 tu surmontes tes malheurs, et si tune les oublies thou surmountest thy misfortunes, and if thou not them forgetest jamais! Tu reverras Ithaque; et ta gloire ever! Thou shalt see again Ithaca; and thy glory montera jusqu'aux astres. Quand tu seras le will mount even to the stars. When thou wilt be the maitre des autres hommes, souviens-toi que tu as master of the other men, remember thou that thou hast ete foible, pauvre, et soufTYant comme eux: prends been weak, poor, and suffering as them: take plaisir a les soulager, aime ton peuple, deteste la pleasure to them to succour, love thy people, detest the fl.uterie, et sache que tu ne seras grand qu'autant flattery, and know that thou not loiltbe great that as much que tu seras modere, et courageux pour vaincre as that thou wilt be moderate, and courageous for to conquer tes passions. thy passions. Ces paroles 4&vines entrerent jusqu' au fond demon These words " 'divine entered even to the bottom of my coeur; elk s y firent renaitre la joie et le courage. Je ne heart; they there made revive the joy and the courage. I not sentis point cette horreur qui fait dresser les cheveux felt point that horror which makes erect the hairs sur la tete et qui glace le sang dans les veines quand on the head and which freezes the blood in the veins ichen les Dieux se communiquent aux mortels; je me the Gods themselves communicate to the mortals; I myself thou surmountest thy misfortunes, and if thou never forgetest them! thou shalt see Ithaca a^ain; and thy glory will ascend even to the skies. When thou wilt be the master of other men, remember that thou hast been weak, poor and suffering like them; take pleasure in succouring them, love thy people, detest flattery, and know that thou shalt be great only as thou wilt be moderate, and courageous to overcome thy passions. These divine works penetrated even to the bottom of my heart; there they caused joy and courage to revive, I did not feel that horror which makes the ha.r stand on end upon the head, and which freezes the blood in the veins, when the gods communicate themselves to mortals; I 60 TELEMACf! levai trar.quilie; j'adorai, a ^enoux, les mains levees rose travquil; I adored, to knees, the hands lifted up vers U ciel, Minerve, a qoi je cms devoir cet towards the h'uven, Minerva, to whom I hdieved to vice that oracle. En meme temps je me trouVai un nouvel orach. In msite cle ma j* unesse, Je me for to stop the impetuosity of my youth. fis aimer de tous les ber^ers du desert: ma doucvm •, made love of a!l the shepherds of the dtse.t: my sweeints, ma patience, rion txac^tude, appaiser nt eixfin le my patience, my exactitude, appeased at last the cruel Butis, qui etoit en autorite sur le- aAitrescsclare^, cruel Butis, who was in authority ever the other slaves, et qui avuit voulu d ? abord me lourmenter. undioho had wished of first me to torment. Pour mieux supporter V ennui de la captu-ne et For the belter to support the tiresomeness of the captivity and de la solitude, je cherchai des livres; car j'etois of the solitude, I sought some books; for I was accable de trislesse, finite de quelque instruc:ion overwhelmed of sadness, J or want of some instruction qui put nourrir mon esprit et le sou which would be alle to nourish my mind and it to support. arose tranquil; I worshipped on m\ knees, with my bands lifted up to heaven, Minerva, to whom I believed to be indebted Tor this oracle. In the mean while I found myself to be a new man: wisdom nind: I felt a sweet force to moderate all my \ assions, and to check the impetuosity of my youth. 1 made m\ self beloved by all the shepherds of the desert: m v patience, my exactitude appeased at la t the cruel reus, who had an authority over the other slaves, and who had at first wished to torment me. The better to bear the irksomeness of captivity and solitude 1 sought for ! I was overwhelmed witli sadness, for v, t of some instruction which could nourish aud sustain my mind. TELEMACHUS, 61 Heureux, disois-je, ceux qui se degautent des Happy, said I those who themselves disgust of the plaisirs violen s, et qui savent se contenter des pleasures violent, and who know themselves to content of the douceurs d'une vie innocenter Heureux ceux qui sweetness of a life innocent 1 . Happy those who se divertissent en s' instruisant, et qui themselves divert in themselves instructing, and who se plaisent a cultiver leur esprit par les sciences! themselves please to cultivate their mind by the sciences! En quelque endroit que la fortune ennemie les jette, In whatever place that the fortune enemy them casts, ils portt-nt toujoursavec eux de quoi s ? entretenir; they carry always with them of what themselves to entertain; et Fennui qui devore les autres hommes au and the tiresomeness which dtvour the other men to the milieu meme des deiices, est inconnu a ceux qui savent midst even of the delights, is unknown to those icho knov) s' occuper par quelque lecture. Heureux ceux themselves to occupy by some reading, Happy those qui aiment a lire, et qui ne sont point, comme moi, who love to read, and who not are point, as I y p rive 8 de la lecture! deprived of the reading! Pendant que ces pensees rouloient dans mon esprit, Whilst that these thoughts rolled in my mind, je n,' enfoncai dans une sombre foret, ou j'appercus I myself buried in a dark forest, where I perceived Happy, said I, those whom violent pleasures disgust, and who know hov to content themselves with the sweetness of an in- nocent iiie. Happy those who make instruction their amuse- ment, and who take delight in the cultivation of their mind by the sciences! In whatever place adverse fortune throws them, they every where carry with them what is necessary to enter- tain themselves; and the irksomeness which devours other men even in the midst of delights, is unknown to those who know how to occup\ themselves in reading-. Happy those who love to read, and who are not, as 1 am, bereft of reading. Wtoflst that these thoughts revolved in my mind, I rushed into a dark forest, when 1 suddenly perceived F 62 TELEMACHUS. tout-a-coup un vieillard qui tenoit un livre all to blow (suddenly) an old man who held a book dans sa main. Ce vieillard avoit un grand front chauve in his hand. This old man had a large forehead bald et un peu ride: uffbarbe blanche pendoit jusqu'a and a little wrinkled: a ** beard white hung even to sa ceinture; sa taille etoit haute et majestueuse; son his girdle; his stature teas high and majestic; his teint etoit encore frais et vermeil; ses yeux etoient complexion was still fresh and ruddy; his eyes were vifs et percants, sa voix douce, ses paroles simpies lively and piercing, his voice sweet, his words simple et aimables. Jamais je n'ai vu un si venerable and amiable. Ever I not have seeii a so venerable vieillard. II s' appeloit Termosiris. II etoit pietre old man. He himself called Termosiris. lie was priest d*Apollon, qu' il servoit dans un temple de marbre of jpollo, whom he served in a temple of marble que les rois d'Egypte avoient consacie a ce Dieu that the kings of Egypt had consecrated to that God dans cette foret. Le livre qu'il tenoit etoit un recueil in that forest. The book that he held was a collection d* hymnes en Thonneur des Dieux. of hxjmns in the honour of the Gods. II m'aborde avec amitie: nous nous entretenons. He me accosts with friendship: we ourselves entertain, 11 r contoit si bien les choses passees, qu'on croyoit He related so well the things passed, that one believed an old man who held a book in his hand. This old man had a large and bald forehead a little wrinkled: a white beard hung" down to his girdle; his stature was high and majestic; his com- plexion was still fresh aud ruddy; his eyes were lively and penetrating, his voice sweet, his words simple and agree- able. I never sa^v so venerable an old man. His uame was Termosiris he was the priest of Apollo, whom he served in a 1 em pic of marble which the king of Egypt had consecrated to this god in that forest. The book which he held was a collec- tion of hymns in honour of the gods. He accobted me with friendship: we conversed together. He related so well the things past, that one might believe TELEMACHUS. 63 les voir: mais ii les racontoit courtement, et jamais them to see: but he them related shortly, and ever ses histoires ne m'ont lasse. II prevoyoit Pavenir par his histories not me have tirtd. He foresaw the future by la profonde sagesse qui lui faisoit connoitre les the profound wisdom xchich to him made to know the hommes et les desseins dont ils sont capables. Avec men and the icisdom of which they are capable. With tant de prudence, il etoit gai, complaisant; et so much of prudence, he was gay, (cheerful) complaisant; and la jeunesse la plus enjouee n' a point autant the youth . the most lively (sprightly) not has point so much de grace qu' en avoit cet horn me -dans une vieillesse of grace that of it had that man in an old age si avancee: aussi aimoit-il les jeunes gens lorsqu'ils so advanced: also loved he the young people when they etoient dociles et qu' ils avoient le gout de la vertu. irere docile and that they had the iaste of the virtue. Bientot il rrfaima tendrement, et me donna des Soon he me loved tenderly, and to me gave some livres pour me consoler: ii m'appelcit, mon fils. Je books for me to console: he me called, my son. J lui disoissouvent: Mon pere, les Dieux, qui m'ont to him said often: My father, the Gods, who from me have 6e Mentor, ont eu pitie de moi; ils m'ont taken Mentor, have had pity of me; they to me have donne en vous un autre soutien. Cet homme, semblable given in you an other support. This man, like to see them: but he related them shortly, and Dever have his his- tories tin.-d me. He foresaw the future by his profound wisdom which made him know meet and the designs of which they are capable. With so much prudence, he was cheerful, complai* sant: and the most sprightly youth has not so much grace as this man had in so advanced an age; he also loved the young men when they were docile and had a taste for virtue. He s.;on loved me tenderly, and gave me some books to console me: he called me his son. 1 often said to him, my fa- ther, the gods, who have taken Mentor from me, have had pity on me: they have in you given me another support. That man, like 64 TELEMACHLS. a Orphee on a Linus, etoit sans doute inspire des to Orpheus or to Linut, was without doubt inspired of the Dieux: il me reeitoit les vers qu' il avoit fa>ts, et Gods: he to me recited the verses that he had made, and me donnoit ceux de plusieurs exceilents poetes favorises tome gave those of several excellent poets favoured des Muses. Lorqu'il etoit revetu de sa longue robe cfthe Muses. When he was dressed of his long robe d'une eclatante blancheur, et ciu'il prenoK en main of a bright whiteness, and that he took in hand sa lyre d'ivoire, les tigres, les ours, les lions, venoient his lyre of ivory, the tigers, the bears, the lions, came le flatter et lecher ses pieds; les satyres sortoient him to flatter and to lick his feet; the satyrs came out des forets pour danser autour de'lui; les arbres memes of the foy ests for to dance round of him; the trees themsttves paroissoient emus, et vous auruz cru que les appeared moved, and you would hare believed that the rochers attendris alloicnt descendre du haat rocks made lender (moved) went to descend from the height des montagnes aux charmes de ses doux accents. cfthe mountains to the charms of his sweet accents (harmony.) II ne chantoit que la grandeur des Dieux, la vcrtu He not sung but the grandeur of the Gods, the virtue des heros, et la sat^esse des hornmes qui preferent la of the heros, and the toisdom of men who prefer the gloire aux plaisirs. glory to the pleasures. Orpheus or Linus, was no doubt inspired by the gods; be recited to me the verses which be had made, and jare me these of many excellent poets, favoured by the muses. When be was dressed with his long* robe of a bright whiteness and took his jv or} in his bar*!, ihe tigers, the bears the lions came to flatter him and lick his fret; (lie satyrs came out of the forest to >'■ around him; even the trees appeared moved, and one n ii ive believed that the rocks were g*oing ><> descend from t 1 e height of the mountains to th< charms of his sv 1 le Bung bat the granrfenr of ♦he jrods, the virtue of t!> and the wisdom of men who prefer g"Iorv to picas- TELEMACHU8. 65 11 me ciisok sou vent que je devois prendre courage, He to me said often that I ought to take courage et que les Dieux n'abandonneroient ni Ulysse ni and that the Gods not would abandon neither Utysses nor son fiis. Enfiu, il nvassura que je devois, a i'exemple his son. In fine, he me assured that I ought, at the example d'Apollon, enseigne-r ajx bergers a cultiver les muses. of Apollo, to teach to the shepherds to cultivate the muses. Apollon, disoit-ii, indigne de^ce que Jupiter par ses Apollo, said he, exasperated of that which Jupiter by his foudres troubloit le ciel dans les plus beaux jours, thunderbolts disturbed the heaven in the most beautiful days, voulut s' en venger sur les Cyclopes qui wished himself of him to revenge upon the Cyclops who forgeoient les foudres, et les perca de ses fleches. forged the thunderbolts, and them pierced of his arrows. Aussitot le mont Etna cessa de vomir des tourbillons Soon after the mount Etna ceased of to vomit of the curling clouds de flammes; on n'entendit plus les coups des terribles of flames; they not heard more the blows of the terrible marteaux qui, frappant Tenclume, faisqient gemir hammers which, striking the anvil, made to groan les profondes cavernes de la terre et les abymes de the profound caverns of the earth and the abyss of la mer. Le fer et Tairain, n'etant plus polis par the sea. The iron and the brass, not being more polished by les Cyclopes, conunencoient a se rouiller. Vul- the Cyclops, began to themselves to rust. Vul- He often said to me that I ought to take courage, and that the gods would neither abandon U losses nor his son. Lastly, he assured me that I ought, at the example of Apollo, to teach the shepherds how to cultivate the muses. Apollo, said he, irritated because Jupiter by thunderbolts disturbed heaven during the most beautiful days, wished to revenge himself on the Cyclops, who forged his thunder, and pierced them with his arrows. Etna immediately ceased to vomit curling clouds of flames; no longer the terrible strokes of the hammers were heard, which, striking the anvil, made groan the deepcavernsof the earth and the abyss of the sea. Iron and brass, being no longer polished by the Cyclops, began to rust. Vul- F 2 66 cain, furieux. sort de sa fou'rnaisc: qnoiquc boiteux, il can, furious, comtsout of his furnace: although lame, monte en diligence vers TOlynne; il arrive- suant ec mounts in diligence towards the Olympus; he desert affreux. try was as a dtsert frightful Bientot Apollon montra d tousles ber^ers les arts Soon Apollo shcictd to alt the shepherds the arts qui peuvent rendre la vie agreable. Ii chantojt les which can render the life agreeable. He sung the fteurs don* le printemps se couronne, les parfums fiowers of which the spring itself crowns, the perfumes qu" ii repand, et la ver-ure qui nait sous ses pas. which it spreads, and the verdure which rises under its steps. Puis il chant^itles delicu-uses units de Tele, ou les Thtu he sung the delightful nights of the summer, where the zephyrs rafivachisscnt ies hommes, et ou la rosee zephyrs refresh the m.n, and where the dew desaltere la terre. II vneiuit aussi dans ses chansons quenches the earth. He mixed also in his songs les fruits dunes dont Pantonine recompense les the fruits gilded of which the autumn recompenses the travaux des lahoureurs, et le repos de l'hjver, pen- wnrks of husbandmen, and the repose of the winter, dw- dant lequel la foiatre jeunesse da use aupres du feu. ■ing which the wanton youth dances near of the fire, Enfin il representoit les forets sonibres qui couvrent Finally he represented the foreats dark which cover they Unew nothing* mure than to conduct their sheep, to shear them, to milk them and make cheese; all the country was a frightful desert. Apollo soon taught all these shepherds the arts which can render life agreeable. He sung* the flowers witU which the spring crowns itself, the perfumes which it spreads, and the verdure which uses under its steps. Then he sung the delight- ful nights of the summer, when the zephyrs refresh men, and the dews quench the earth. Me mixed also in his songs the gilded fruits with which the autumn recompenses the la- bour of the husbandman, and the repose of winter, during which the wanton youth dances near to the tire. Finally, he represented the daik forests, which cover 68 TELEMACIIUS. les montagnes, et lcs creux vallons, ou les rivieres. the mountains, and the hollow vallies, where the rivers, par mille detours, semblent se jouer au milieu by thousand meanderings, seem themselves to sport in the middle des riantes prairies. Iiapprit ainsi aux bergers quels of the smiling meadows. He taught thus to the shepherds what sont les charmes de la vie ehampetre, quand on are the charms of the life country, ivhen oue sait gouter ce que la simple nature a de gracieux. knows to taste that which the simple nature had of giacious. Les bergers, avec leurs flutes, se virent bientot The shtpherds, with their flutes, themsdves saw S0071 plus heureux que les rois; et leurs cabanes attitoient more happy than the kings; and their huts drew en foule les plaisirs purs qui fuient les palais doies. in crowd the pleasures pure which fly the palaces gilded. Les jeux, les ris, les graces, suivoient par-tout The plays, the smiles, the graces, followed every where les innocentes bergeres. T-ous les jours etoient des the innocent shepherdesses. Jill the days were some fetes: on n'entendoit plus que le gazouillement des feasts: one not heard more but the warbling cf oiseaux, ou la douce haleine des zephyrs qui se birds, or the sweet breath of the zephyrs who themselves jouoient dans les rameaux des arbres, ou le murmure played in the buughs of the trees, or the murmur d'une onde claire qui tomboit de quelque rocher, of a wave clear which fell from some rock, the mountains, and the hollow vallies where rivers seem, by a thousand meanderings, to sport in the midst of smiling mea- dows. He also taught the shepherds what are the charms of a country life, when one knows how to taste that which simple nature has made agreeable. The shepherds, with their flutes, soon saw themselves more happy than kings; and their cottages allured in crowds the pure pleasures which fly from gilded palaces. The Bports, smiles, and the graces, followed every where the innocent shepherdesses. Every day was a feast: they heard no longor but the warbling of birds, or the sweet breath of zephyrs which played among the branches of trees, or the murmur of a clear wave which fell from some rock, TELEMACFTUS. 69 que which ou les chansons or the songs herders qui suivoier.t shepherds who followed enseignoit a rem porter taught percer pierce Dieux Gods les muses the muses Apollon. Apollo. le prix de to carry the prize of de flechc-s les claims et of arrows the fallow deers and n? ernes devinrent jaJoux des heroes; themselves became jtakus of (he shepherds; inspiroient aux ir.sphed to the Ce Dieu leur This God to them la course, race cerfs. deers. the les the et a and to Les The cette that parut plus douce que toute leur gloire, glory, vie leur life to them appeared more sweet than alt their et ils rappt lerent Apollon dans i'O'lynipe. and they recalled JJpullo in the Olympus. Mon- fils, Cette histoire doit vous iostruire, puisque My son this history ought you to instruct, since vous ttes i'lans i* etat ou fnt Apol.on; defrichez you are in the condition where was •flpollo; clear up cette terre sauvage; faites fleurir commc lui le desert: this land savage; make to fl-. wish as he the desert: apprenez at- us ccs herders quels sont ics charmes tench to all these shepherds what are harmonic; adoucissez leurs c-oeors of the harmony; montrez leur show to them combien il est how it is their soften IVimab e the amiable doux de jouir sweet of to enjoy in the solitude of the vertu; virtue; hearts faites make the charms f'arouches; ferocious; leur sentir them to feel dans la solitude des or the son^s that the muse? inspired to the shef>herd$ who fol- lowed \polo. This god taught thorn to obtain the prize in the race, and to « ierce wUh their arrows the stag's ami the deers. The gods themselves became jealous of the shepherds; that life appeared \n rh^rn sweeter than ail their glory, and they recalled Apollo in^o Olympus. that history ought to instruct you, since you are in the same situation in which Apollo was: clear away this savage lanH: as he, cause this desert to flemish: teach these shepherds what are the charms of harmom; soften their ferocious hearts; show them the amiable virtues; make them feel how sweet it is to enjoy in solitude the 70 TELEMACHUS. pi ai sirs innocents que rien ne peut oter aux bergers. pleasures innocents that nothing not can take to the shepherds. Un jour, mon fils, un jour, les peines et les soucis One day, my son, one day, the troubles and the cares cruels qui environment les rois vous feront regretter cruel which surround the kings you will make to regret sur le trone la vie pastorale. upon the throne the life pastoral. Ayant ainsi parle, Termosiris me donna une flute Having thus spoken, Termosiris to me gave one fiute si douce que les echos de ces montagnes, qui la firent so sweet that the echoes of these mountains, which it made entendre de tous c6t£s, attirerent beintot autour de to hear of all sides, drew soon round of moi tous les bergers voisins. Ma voix avoit une har- me all the shepherds neighbouring. J\Jy voice had a har- monie divine: je me sentois emu et comrne hors de mony divine: I mysrlf ftlt moved and as out of moi-meme pour chanter les graces dont la nature myself for to sing the graces of which the nature a orne la campagne. Nous passions les jours enticrs has adorned the country. We passed the duys whole et une partie des nutts a chanter ensemble. Tous and one part of the nights to sing together. Jill les bergers, oubiiant leui s cabanes et leurs troupeaux, the shepherds, forgetting their huts and their flecks, etoient suspendus <. t immobiies autour de moi pendant were suspended and motionless round cf me during innocent pleasures that no power can take from the shepherds. One day, my son, one day, the troubles and cruel cares which surrouud the kings will make you regret, on the throne, the pastoral life. Having" spoken thus, Termosiris gave me a flute so sweet lhat the echoes of these mountains, who made it heard on all sides, soon drew around me all the neighbouring" shepherds. My voice had a divdne harmony; I felt myself moved and trans- ported in singing- the graces with which nature has adorned the country. We spent wh >le days and parts of the nights in Mnjring together. All the shepherds, forgetting their cottages and their flocks, were suspended and motionless around me whilst TELE M AC H US. 71 que je leur donnois des lemons; ii sembloit que ces that I to them gave of the lessons; it seemed that these deserts n'eussent plus rien de sauvage, tout y etoit deserts not had more nothing of savage, all there was dtfux et riant: la politesse des habitants sembloit sweet and smiling: the ^politeness of the inhabitants seemed adoucir la terre. to sweeten the earth. Nous nous assemblions sou vent pour offrir des We ourselves assembled often for to offer of the sacrifices dans ce temple d'Apollon ou Termosiris sacrifices in that temple of Apollo where Termosiris etuit pretre. Les ber^ers y allojent couronnes de was priest, Tlie sheplierds there went crowned of laurier en i'honneur du Dieu: les bergeres y laurel in the honour (fthe God: the shepherdesses there alifcient aussi, en dansant, avec des couronnes de went also, in dancing, with of the crowns cf fleurs, et port ant sur leurs tetes dans des corbeilles flowers, and carrying upon their heads in of the baskets les dons sacres. Apres le sacrifice, nous faisions un the gifts sacred, dfter the sacrifice, we made a fesin champetre; nos plus doux mets etoient le lait de feast rustic; our most sweet dishes were the milk of nos chevies et de nos brebis, que nous avions soin de our goals and of our ewes, which we had care of traire nous-meme, avec les fruits fraichement cuellis to milk ourselves, with the fruits newly galliered I grave them their lessons; it seemed that these deserts had no longer any thing- savage, all was there sweet and smiling-: the politeness of the inhabitants appeared to soften the earth. We often assembled together, in order to offer sacrifices in that temple of Apollo, whose priest Termisoris was. The shep- herds went there crowned with laurel, in honour of this god. The shepherdesses went there also, dancing- with crowns of flowers, and carrying upon their heads the sacred gifts in bas- kets. After the sacrifice we made a rural feast; our sweetest dainties were the milk of our goat- and ewes, which we took care to milk ourselves, with the fruits frcshlj gathered 72 TELEMACHUS. de nos propres mains, tcls que les datf.es, les ugties et of our own hands, such as the dates, the figs and Its raisins: nos sieves etoient ies t^azons; nos arbies the grapes: our stats were the turfs; our trees tcutlus nous donnoient une ombre plus agreable que tufted us gave a shade more agreeable titan les lambris dores des palais des rois. the roof gilded of the palaces of the kings. Mais ce qui acheva de me reudre fameux parmi nos But that which finished of me to render famous among our herders, e'est qu'uu jour mi ii .e vint se shepherds, it is that one day a lion famished came kuus If jeter sur mon tioupt.au; deja ii commencqit un car- to throw upon My flock: already he began a car- nage afflux. Jo n'avois en main que ma houlette; na S e frightful. I not had in hand but my crook: je m\tvance hardiment. Le lion herisse sa / myself advance boldly. The lion bristles up his crime re, me montre ses dents et ses ^riffes, ouvi e une mane, to me shows his teeth and his claws, opens a gueuie seche et enflammec; ses yeux puroissoient mouth dry and inflamed; his eyes appeared pie ins de sang et de i'eu; il bat ses flancs avee sa full of blood and of fire; lit beats his sides with his longue queue. Je le terrassts: la petite cotte long tail 1 him throw upon the ground: the small coat de mailles dont j'etois revetu, selon la coutume des of mail of which I was clothed, according the custom of the with our own hands, such as dates, figs, and grapes; fur seats were the turfs, our tinted trees g shade more agree- able than the gilded roofs of the palaces of kings. But that which finished to render me famous among 1 our shepherds', was that one day a hungry lion came and rushed in upon my flock; already he commenced a frightful carnage. 1 Iran in baud but my crook: 1 advanced boldly, lie bristles his maoe, shows me his teeth and his claws, opens a parched and inflamed mouth; his eyes appeared full of blood and fire: he b des with his long tail. 1 threw him down: the II coat of mail with which 1 was clad, according ta the CUfttom oi the TELEMACIiUS, 73 bergers d'Egypte, I'empecha de me dechirer. shepherds of Egypt, him prevented of me to tear to pieces. Trois fois je Pabattisj trois fois il se releva: il Three times I him overthrew, three times he himself rose again: he ppussoit des rugissements qui faisoient retentir toutes pushed of the roarings which made to resound ail les forets. Enfin je Pelouffai entre mes bras; et les the foretts. Finally I him smothered between my arms; and the bergers, temoins de ma victoire, voulurent que je me shepherds, witnesses of my victory, wished that I myself revetisse de la peau de ce terrible animal. v :-j M clothe of the skin of that terrible animal. Le bruit de cette action, et ceiui du beau The noise of that action, and that of the beautiful changement de tous nos bergers, se repandit dans change of all our shepherds, itself spread in toute TEgypte; il parvint meme jusqiraux oreilles de all the Egypt; it came even to the ears of Sesostris. II sut qu'un de ces deux captifs qu'on Sesostris. He knew that one of these two captives that one avoit pris pour des Phenicens avoit ramene Page had taken for some Phenicians had brought back the age d'or dans ces deserts presque inhabitables. II voulut of gold in these deserts almost uninhabitable. He wished me voir: car il aimoit les muses; et tout ce qui peut me to see: for he loved the muses; and all that which is able instruire les hommes touchoit son grand coeur. II me to instruct the men touched his great heart. He me shepherds of Egypt prevented him from tearing me to pieces. Three times I overthrew him, three times he rose again: he sent forth roarings which made the whole forest resound; final- ly, I smothered him between my arms; and the shepherds, witnesses of my victory, wished that 1 would put on the skin of that terrible animal. The fame of that action, with that of the happy change of all our shepherds, spread over all Egypt; it went even to the ears of Sesostris. He knew that one of the two captives whom they had believed to be Phenicians, had brought back the gol- den age into these deserts almost uninhabitable. He desired to see me, for he loved the muses, and all that can instruct men touched his great heart. He saw me, G 74 TELEMACHUS. vit, il m'ecouta avec plaisir, et deccuvrit que Metophis saiv, he to me ' tened with pleasure, and discovered that Metophis 1'avoit trompe par avarice. II le condamna a une him had deceived by avarice. He him condemned to one prison perpetuelle, et lui ola toutes les richesses prison perpetual, and from him took all the riches qu'il possedoit injustement. Oh! qu'on est malheureux, which he possessed unjustly. Oh! how one is unhappy', disoit-il, quand on est au-dessusdu rtstedes hommes! said he, when one is above of the rest of the men! souvent on ne petit voir !a verite par ses propres yeux: ojten one not is able to see the truth by his own eyesi on est environne de gens qui i'empecbent d'arriver one is environed of people who it prevents of to arrive jusqu'a celui qui commande; chacun est interesse a even to him who commands; every one is interested to le tromper; chacun, sous une apparence de zele, cache him deceive; every one, under an appearance of zeal, hides son ambition. On fait sembiant d'aimer le roi, et his ambition, They make seeming of to love the king, and on n'aime que les richesses qu'il donne; on Taime they not love but the riches ivhich he gives; they him love si peu, que pour obtenir ses faveurs on le flatte et so little, that for to obtain his favours they him Hatter and t>n le trahit. ihey him betray. Ensuite Sesostris me traita avec une tendre amitie, •Afterwards Sesostris me treated with a tender friendship. be listened to me with pleasure, and discovered that Metophis had deceived him through avarice. He condemned him to a perpetual prison, and took away from him all the riches which he possessed unjustly. Oh! how unhappy a man is, said he, when he is above the rest of men! he cannot always see truth by his own eyes: he is surrounded by people who prevent it coming- to him who commands; every one is interested to de- ceive him; every eye, under an appearance of zeal, hides his ambition. They feign to love the king, and they love but the riches which he gives; they love him so little, that, in order to obtain his favours, they flatter and betray him. Afterwards Sesostris treated me with a tender friendship, TELEMACHUS. 75 et resolut de me renvoyer en Ithaque, avec ties and resolved of me to send back in Ithaca, with some vaisseaux et des troupes pour delivrer Penelope de vessels and some troops for to deliver Penelope from tous ses amants. La fiotte etoit deja prete, nous ne all her lovers. The fleet was already ready, we not songions qu* a nous embarquer. J'admirois 3es coups thought but to us to embark. I admired the blows de la fortune, qui releve tout-a-coup, of the fortune, who raises up again all to blow, (suddenly) ceux qu'elle a le plus abaisses. Cette experience those whom she has the more lowered, (humbled) That experience me faisoit esperer qu'Ulysse pourro.it bien revenir me made to hope that Ulysses might be able well to come back enfin dans son royaume apr£s quelque longue souf- at last in his kingdom after some long suf- france. Je pensois aussi en moi-meme que je pourrois fering. I thought also in myself that I might be able encore re voir Mentor, quoiqu'il eut ete emmene yet to see again Mentor, although he had been carried dans les pays les plus inconnus de TEthiopie. into the countries the most unknown of the Ethiopia. Pendant que je retardois un peu mon depart, pour Whilst that I delayed a little my departure, for tacher d'en savoir des nouvelles, Sesostris, qui eioit to try of him to know some news, Sesostris, who was and determined to send me back to Ithaca, with vessels and troops, in order to deliver Penelope from her suitors. The fleet was already prepared, and we thought but to embark. I admired the strokes of fortune which suddenly elevates those whom she has the most humbled. This experience made me hope that Ulysses might at last return into his kingdom after some long sufferings. I thought also iu myself that I might still see Mentor, although he had been carried into the most unknown countries of Ethiopia., Whilst I delayed a little my departure, in order to learn some news of him, Sesostris, who was 76 TELEMACHUS. fort age, rnoiirut subitement, et sa mort me replongea very old, died suddenly, and his death me immersed dans de nouveaux malheurs. into some neiv misfortunes. Toute PEgypte parut inconsolable de cette perte; Ml the Egypt appeared inconsolable of that loss; chaque famille croyoit avoir perdu son meilleur ami, every family thought to have lost his best friend, son protecteur, son pere. Les vieillards, levant les his protector, his father. The old men, lifting up the mains au cicl, s'ecrioient: jamais PEgypten'eut hands to the heaven, themselves cried out: ever the Egypt not had un si bon roi! jamais elle n'en aura de semblable! one so good king! ever she not one vnll have of like! O Dieux! il faJ.loit, on ne le montrer point aux Gods! it was necessary either not him to show point to the hommes ou ne le leur oter jamais! men or not him fnmthem to take away ever! pourquoi faut-il que nous survivions au why is it necessary that we should survive to the grand Sesostris! Les jeunes gens disoient: Pesperance great Sesostris! The young people said: the hope de P E^ypte est detruite: nos peres ont ete heureux of the Egypt is destroyed: our fathers have been happy de passer leur vie sous un si bon roi; pour nous, of to pass their l%ves under one so good king; for us, very old, died suddenly, and his death replunged me into new misfortunes. The whole Egypt appeared inconsolable for that loss; every family believed to have lost their best friend, their protector, their father. The old men, lifting 1 up their hands to heaven, cried out, Egypt never had so good a king! never shall she have one like him! O gods! you oug-ht not to have shown him to men, or never to have taken him from them! why must we survive the great Sesos! r is' the young men said: the hope of Egypt is destroyed, our fathers have been happy to pass their lives under so good a king; as for TELEMACHUS. ?7 nousue 1'avons vu que pour sentir sa perte. Ses ice not him have seen but for to feel Ids loss. His domesliques pleuroient nuit et jour. Quand on fit les domestics wept night and day. When they made the funerailles du roi, pendant quarante jours les peuples funeral of the king, during forty days the people les plus recules y accumient en foule; chacun the most distant there ran in crowd; every one vouloit voir encore une fois le corps de Sesostris, wished to see yet once more the body of Sesostri$ t chacun vouloit en conserver l'image: every one wished of him to preserve the image: plusieurs vouloient etre mis avec lui dans le tombeau. many wished to be put with him in the tomb, Ce qui augumenta encore la douleur de sa perte, That which increased yet the grief of his loss, c'est que son fiis Bocchoris n'avoit ni humanite pour it is that his son Bocchoris not had neither humanity for les etrangers, ni curiosite pour les sciences, ni estime the strangers, nor curiosity for the sciences, nor esteem pour les hommes vertueux, ni amour de la gloire. La for the men virtuous, nor love of the glory. The grandeur de son pere av6it continue a le rendre si grandeur of his father had contributed to him to render so indigne de regner. II avoit ete nourri dans la unworthy of to reign. He had been nourished in the mollesse, et dans une fierte brutale; il comp- softness, (effeminacy,) and in a pride brutal; he count- we have seen him only to feel his loss. His domestics wept night and day. When they made the funeral of the king-, which lasted forty days, the people the most remote, ran there in crowds; every one wished to see once more the body of Sesos- tris, every one wished to preserve bis image: many wished to be put into the same tomb with him. That which slill encreas^ ed the grief of his loss, is, that his son Bocchoris had neither humanity for strangers, nor curiosity for sciences, nor esteem for virtuous men, nor love for glory. The greatness of his fa- ther had contributed to render him so unworthy of reigning. He kad been brought up in effeminacy and in a brutal pride; he g2 ( a TELEIYXACIIlb. toit pour rien les hommes, croyant qu'ils n s etoieni ed for nothing the men, believing thai they not were faits que pour lui, et qu'il etoit d'une autre nature made but for him, and that he was of an other nature qu'eux; il ne songeoit qu'a contenter ses passions, than they; he not thought but to content his passions, qu'a dissiper les tresors immenses que son pere but to dissipate the treasures immense which his father avoit menages avec tant de soins, qu'a tourmenter had spared with so much of cares, but to torment les peuples, qu'a sucer le sang des malheureux, the people, but to suck the blood of the unfortunate, enfin, qu'a suivre le conseii flatteur des jeunes infine, but to follow the council flattering of the young insenses qui l'environnoient, pendant qu'il ecartoit senseless who him environed, whilst that he removed avec mepris tous les sa^es vieillards qui avoient with contempt all the loise old men who had eu la confiance de son pere. C'etoit un monstre, had the confidence of his father. He was i monster, et non pas un roi. Toute PEgypte gemissQit; and not step a king. Jill the Egypt groaned} %$jH, et quoique le -^{SnVde Sesostris, si cher aux and although the name of Sesostris, so dear to the Egyptiens, leur fit supporter la conduite lkche et Egyptians, to them made support the conduct base and cruelle de son fils, le fils couroit a sa perte; cruel of his son, the son ran to his loss, (destruction;) considered men as nothing", believing* that they were made only for him, and that he was of another nature than them; he thought but to satisfy his passiens, but to squander away the immense treasures which his father had spared with so much care; but to torment the people, to suck the blood of the unfortunate, lastly, but to follow the flattering- counsels or* young senseless men who were around him, whilst that he re- moved with contempt the wise old men who had had bis father's confidence. He was a monster and not a king". The whole t groaned; and although the nume of S so dear to the Egyptians, made them bear the vile and cruel conduct of his son, the son ran to his destruction; TELEMACHUS. 79 et un prince si indigne du trone ne pouvoit and a prince so unworthy of the throne not leasable long-temps regner. iong time to reign. line roe fut plus permis d'esperer inon retour It not to me was more permitted of to hope my return en Ithaque. Je demeurai dans une tour sur le bord in Ithaca. I remained in a tower upon the border de la mer aupres de Peiuse, ou notre embarquement of the sea near to Peluse, where our embarkation devoit se faire si Sesostris ne fut pas mort. Meto- cwed itself to make if Sesvstris not was step dead. Meto- phis avoit eu 1'adresse de sortir de prison, et de phis had had the address of to go out of pri&n> and of se retabiir aupres du nouveau roi: il m'avoit himself to reestablish near of the new king: it me had fait reruermer dans cette tour pour se venger de la made shut up in that tower for himself to revenge of 'the disgrace que je iui avois causee. Je passois les disgrace which I to him had caused. I passed the jours et les nuits dans une profonde tristesse: tout ce days and the nights in a picfound sadness: all thai que Termosiris m'avGJt predit, et tout ce que j'avois which Termosiris to me had predicted, and all that which I had entendu dans la caverne, ne me paroissoit plus qu'un heard in the cavern, not to me appeared more but a songe: J-etois abyme dans la plus amere douleur. Je dream: I was sunk into the most biiter grief. I and a prince so unworthy of the throne could not reign long, it was. no longer permitted me to hope for my return into Ithaca. 1 remained in a tower upon the shore of the sea near Peluse, where our embarkation was to take place if Sesostris had not died. Metophis had had the address to come out of prison, and to reestablish himself near to the new king; he had caused me to be shut up in that tower, to revenge himself of the disgrace which I had caused him. I passed the days and nights in profound sadness: all that which Termosiris had predicted me, all that which 1 had heard in the cavern, appeared to me but a dream; I was sunk into the most bitter grief. I 80 TELEMACIlliS voyois les vagues qui venoient battre le pied de la tour saw the leaves which came to beat the foot of the tower ou j'etois prisonnier; souvent je m'occupois a consi- ivhere I was prisoner; often I myself occupied to consi- derer des vaisseaux agites par la tempete, qui et6ient der of the vessels agitated by the tempest; which were en danger de se briser contre les roches sur in danger of themselves to break against the recks upon lesquels la tour etoit ba'ie. Loin de plaindre ce» which the tower was built. Far from to pity these hommes menaces du naufrage, j'enviois leur sort. men menaced of the shipwreck, I envied tlieir fate. Bientot, disois-je a moi-meme, ils finiront les malheurs Soon, said I to myself, ihey will finish the misfortunes de leur vie, ou ils arriveront en leur pays. Helas! of their life, or they ivill arrive in their country, Mas! je ne puis esperer ni Tun ni l'autre! / not am able to hope neither the one nor the othtr! Pendant que je me consumois ainsi en regrets inutiles* Whilst that I me consumed thus in regrets useless. j'appercus comme une foret de mats de vaisseaux- I perceived as a forest of masts of vessels* La mer etoit couverte de voiles que les vents The sea was covered of sails which the ivinds enfloientj l'onde etoit ecumante sous les coups de swelled; the wave ivas foamy under the blows of rames innombrables. J'entendois de toutes pans des oars innumerable. I heard of all parts of the saw the waves which came to strike the foot of the tower in which I was a prisoner. 1 occupied myself often to consider some vessels agitated by tempests, which were in danger to be broken against the rocks upon which the tower was built. Far from pitying these men, threatened with shipwreck, I envied their fate. Soon, said I to myself, they will finish the misfor- tune of their life, or they will arrive at their country. Alas? 1 cannot hope neither for the one nor for the other. Whilst that I consumed myself thus in useless regrets. I per- ceived as a forest of masts of vessels. The sea was covered with sails swelled by the winds; the waves were foamy under the strokes of innumerable oars. 1 heard on all sides TELEMACHUS. 8i cris confus; j'appercevois sur le rivage une partie des cries confused; I perceived upon the shore a part of the Egyptiens effrayes qui courqient aux armes, et Egyptians frightened who ran to the amis, and d'autres qui sembla.ient alier au devant de cette flotte of others who seemed to go to before of that fleet qu'on voyoit arriver. Bientot je reeonnus que ces that one saw to arrive. Soon I recognised that these vaisseaux etrangers etoient les uns de Phenicie, et vessels strangers ivere. the cues of Phenicia, and les autres de I'isle de Cypre; car rnes malheurs the others of the island of Cyprus; for my misfortunes commencoient a me rendre experimente sur ce qui began to me render experienced upon that which regarde la navigation. Les Egypiiens me parurent regards the navigation. The Egyptians to me appeared di vises entre eux: je n'eus aucune peine a crone que divided between them; I not had any trouble to believe that l'incense Bocchoris avoit, par ses violences, cause une the senseless Bocchoris had, by his violences, caused a revolte de ses sujets, et allume la guerre civile. Je revolt of his subjects, and kindled the war civil. I fus, du haut de cette tour, spectateur d'un sanglant was. from the height of that tower, spectator of a bloody combat. combat. Les Egvntiens qui avoient appele a leur secours The Egyptians who had called to their succours confused cries; I perceived, on the shore of the sea, one part of the Egyptians frighteued, who ran to arms, and some others who seemed to go to meet that fleet which they saw coming. I soon recognized that these foreign vessels were some from Phe- nicia, and the others from the isle of Cyprus, for my misfortunes began to render me experienced in that which regards naviga- tion. The Egyptians appeared to me to be divided among themselves; I had no trouble to believe that the senseless Boc- choris had, by his violence, caused a revolt of his subjects, and kindled a civil war. I was, from the top of that tower, the spectator of a bloody battle. The Egyptians, who had called strangers to their succour. 82 TELEMACHUS. les etrangers, apres avoir favorise leur descente, . the strangers, after to have favoured their descent, attaquerent les autrcs Egyptiens qui avoient le roi a attacked the other Egyptians who had the king to leur tete. Je voyois cc roi qui animbit les siens par their head. I saw that king who animated the his own by son exemple, il pr- oissoit comnie le dieu Mars; des his example; he appeared as the god Mars; of the ruisseaux de sang couloient autour de lui; les roues de rivers of blood flowed around of him; the wheels of son char et6ient teintes d'un sang noir, epais et his chariot icere dyed of a Hood black, thick and ecumant: a peine pouvoient-elles passer sur des tas foamy. hardly 10 ere able they to pass upon cf the heaps de corps mortsecrases. Ce jeuneroi,bien fait,vigoureux, of bodies dead mangled. That young king, ivell made, vigorous, d'une mine haute et fiere, avoit dans ses yeux la fureur of a mien high and proud, had in his eyes the fury et le desespoir: il etoit comme un beau cheval qui and the despair: he was as a beautiful horse icho n'a point de bouche, son courage not has point of mouth, (insensible to the bridle) his c< i le poussoit au hazard, et la sagesse ne moderoit pas him pushed to hazard, and the icisdom not moderated step sa valeur. II ne savoit ni reparer ses fautes, lii his valour. He not knew neither to repair his faults, nor donner des ordres precis, ni prevoir les maux qui le to give of the orders precise, nor to foresee the evils which him after having favoured their descent, attacked the other Egyp- tians, who had the king at their head. I saw this king, who excited his soldiers by his example; he appeared as the god Mars; rivers of blood flowed around him; the wheels of his chariot were stained with a black blood, thick and foamy; hardly could they pass over heaps of mangled carcasses. That young king, well made, vigorous, with a lugh and proud mien, had fury and despair in his eyes; like to a handsome horse who does not feel the bridle, his courage drove him to hazard, and wisdom did not moderate his valour. He neither knew how to correct his errors, nor to give precise orders, nor to prevent the evils which threatened him. TELEMACHU3, 83 menacoient, ni manager les gens dont il avoit Ie menaced, nor to spare the people of whom he had the plus grand besoin. Ce n'et&it pas qu' il nianquat de most great need. It not ivas step that he wanted of genie, Ses lumieres egaloient son courage; mais il genius. His lights equalled his courage; but he n'avoit jamais ete instruit par la mauvaise fortune; ses not had ever been instructed by the bad fortune; his maitres avoient empoisonne par la flat? trie son beau masters had poisoned by the flattery his beautiful naturel. II etoit enivre de sa puissance et dt son natural. He was intoxicated of his power and of his bonheur; il croyoit que tout devoit ceder a ses happiness; he believed that all owed (ought) to yield to his desirs fougueux; la ipdindrd resistance erflam- desires fiery; the least resistance enflam- rnoit sa colere; alors il ne raisonnoit plus, il etoit ed his anger; then he not reasoned more, he was comme hors de lui-meme: son orgueuil furjeux en as out of . himself: his pride furious of him faisoit une bete farouche; sa bonte naturelle made one beast savage (ferocious;) his goodness natural et sa droite raison Pabaiklo inVient en un instant; ses und his right reason him abandoned in an instant; his plus fideles serviteurs etoien* reduits a s* tnfuir; most faithful servants were reduced to themselves to fly away; il n'aimoit plus que ceux qui flatte itnt ses passions. he not loved more but those who flattered his passions, nor conduct those of whom he had the greatest need. It was not because he wanted genius; his knowledge was equal to his courage; but he had never been instructed by adverse fortune; his masters bad poisoned his good natural parts by their flattery. He was intoxicated by his power and happiness; he believed that every thing ought to yield to his impetuous desires; the least resistance inflamed his anger; then his reason forsook him and he was out of his senses; his pride made him a ferocious beast; his natural goodness and his right reason abandoned him in an instant; his most faithful servants were induced to fly from him; he loved but those who followed his passions. 84 TELEMACIiUS. Ainsi il prenoit toujours des partis extremes contre ses Thus he took always of the parts extreme against his veritables interets, et il forcoit tous les gens de true interests, and he forced all the people of bien a detester sa folle conduite. good to detest his mad conduct. Long- temps sa valeur le soutint contre la Long time his valour him sustained against the multitude de ses cnnemis; mais il fut accable. Je multitude of his enemies; but he icas overwhelmed. I le vis perir; le dard d'un Phenecian pe-rca sa him saiv perish; the dart of a Phenician pierced his poitrine; les renes lui echapperent des mains; il breast; the reins of him escaped of the hands; he tompa de son char sous les pieds des chtvaux. fell of his chariot under the feet of the horses. Un soluat de l'isle de Cypre lui coupa la tete; A soldier of the island of Cyprus of him cut the head; et la prenant par les cheveux, il la montra com me en and it taking by the hairs, he it showed as in triomphe a. toute l'armee victorieuse. triumph to all the army victorious. Je me souviendrai toute ma vie d'avoir vu cetie I me will remember all my life of to have seen that tete qui nageoit dans le sang; ces yeux fermes head which sic am in the blood; these eyes shut et eteints; ce visage pule et defigure; cette and extinguished; this visage pale and disfgured; that Thus he always took the extreme parts against his true interest, and forced all upright men to detest his mad conduct. His va- lour supported him a long- while against the multitude of his enemies, but he was at last overwhelmed. I saw him perish; the dart of a Phenician pierced his breast; the reins slipt out of his hands; he fell from his chariot under the feet of the hor- ses. A soldier from the isle of Cyprus cut off his head, and, taking it by the hairs, showed it in triumph to the whole victo- rious army. 1 shall remember, during all my life, to have seen that head which swam in blood; those eyes shut and extinguished; that visage pale and disfigured; that TELEMACHUS. 85 houche entr'ouverte, qui ■ sembld.it vouloir encore mouth half opened, which seemed to wish yet achever des paroles commencees; cet air superbe et msh of the words begun: that air superb and menacant que la mort rneme n 9 avcit pu effacer. menacing thai the death itself not had been able to efface. Toute ma vie, il sera peint devapt mes yeux; et si All my life, he v:ill be painted before my eyes; and if jamais les Dieux me faisoient regner, je n'oublierois ever the gods :iw wade to reign, I not would forget, point, apres un si funeste exempie, qu'un roi n'est after a so fat- 1 at a king not is diirne de commander, et n'est heureux dans sa worthy of to command, and not is happy in his puissance, qu'uutant qu'ii la soumet a la raison. Eh! power, that as much that he it submits to the reason. Mas! que! malheur pour un homme Sretmft ufairc ie bonheur what misfortune far a mm desii-ied to make the happiness public, de n'ctre Ie de tant crhommes que public, of not to be the master of so many of men but pour ies rendre malheurcux. for them to render unhappy. mouth half opened, which seemed yet to wish to finish words begun; that proud and threatening air that death itself could not deface, it shali be dim. g my life p&infed before my eyes, and if ever the gods make me reign, I shall never forget,' after so an example, thai a kiog is worthy to command, and is \ in his power, but as he submits it to reason. Alas! what a mis fortune for a man destined to make the puoiic happiness, to be the master of so many men but to render them miserable. END OF BOOK SECOND. BOOK III. TRANSLATION OF WORDS. Calypso ecoutoit avec etonnement des paroles si Calypso listened with astonishment of the words se sages. Ce qui la cbarmoit le plus etoit cle voir wise. That which her charmed the more was of to see que Telemaque racontoit ingenument les fautes qu'il that Telemachus related ingeniously the faults which he avoit faites par precipitation et en manquant de had made by precipitalicm and in wanting of docilite pour le sage Mentor; elle trouvoit une noblese docility for the wise Mentor; she found a nobleness et une grandeur etonnante dans ce jeune homme qui and a grandeur astonishing in this young man who s 5 accusoit lui-meme, et qui paroissoit avoir si himself accused himself, and who appeared to have so bien profite de ses imprudences pour se rendre sage, well profited of his imprudence for himsilfto render wise, TRANSLATION OF IDEAS. Calypso listened with astonishment to words so wise. What pleased her most, was to see that Telemachus related with candour the faults which he had made through precipitation, and in wanting* docility for the wise Mentor. She found a nobleness and an astonishing grandeur in that young man who accused himself, and who appeared to have so well profited by his imprudences, in order to render himself wise, TELEMACHUS. $7 prevoyant et modere. Continuez, disoit-elle, mon provident and moderate. Continue, said she, my cher Telemaque, il me tarde de savoir comment vous dear Telemachus, it me delays of to know how you sortites de PEgypte, et ou vous avez retrouve le went out of the Egypt, and where you, have found again the sage Mentor, dont vojs avez senti la perte avec tant wise Mentor, of whom you have felt the loss with so much de raison. of reason. Telemaque reprit ainsi son discours: les Egyp- Telemachus resumed thus his discourse: the Egyp- tiens les plus vertueux et les plus fideles au roi tians the most virtuous and the most faithful to the king etant les plus foibles et voyant le roi mort, furent being the most loeak and seeing the king dead, were contraints de cedereaux autres; on etablit un autre constrained of to yield to the others; they established an other roi nomme Termutis. Les Pher.iciens, avec les king named Termutis. The Phenicians, icith the troupes de Tisle de Cypre, se retirerent apres troops of the isle of Cyprus, themselves retired after avoir fait alliance avec le nouveau roi. Celui-ci to have made alliance with the new king. This one rendit ious les prisonniers Pheniciens: je fus compte rendered all the prisoners Phenicians: I was courted comme etant de ce nombre. On me fit sortir de as being of that number. They me made to go out of provident and moderate. Continue, said she, my dear Telema- chus; I long to know how you came out of Egypt, and where you have found again the wise Mentor, whose loss you have so much reason to feel. Telemachus thus resumed his discourse: the Egyptians the most virtuous and most faithful to the king, being the weakest and seeing the king dead, were constrained to yield to the others: they established another king named Termutis. The Phenicians, with the troops of the isle of Cyprus, retired after having made an alliance with the new king. This one sur- rendered alt the Phenician prisoners. I was considered as one of that number. They made me come out of 88 TELEMACIIUS. la tour, je m'embarquai avec les autres, et the tower , I myself embarked with the others, and Eesperance commen^a a reluire au fond de man the hope began to shine again to the bottom of my cceur. Un vent favorable remplissoit deja nos heart* A wind favourable filled up already our voiles; les rameurs fendoient les ondes ecumantes; sails; the rowers cleft the waves foaming; la vaste mer etoit couverte de navires; les mariniers the vast sea was covered of ships; the mariners poussoient des cris de joie; les rivages d'Egypte pushed of the cries of joy; the shores of Egypt s'enfuyoient loin de nous; les collines et les themselves fled away far from w; the hills and the montagnes s'applanissoient peu-a-peu. Nous mountains themselves became level little to little. We commencions a ne voir plus que le ciel et l'eau, began to not see more than the heaven and Ike water, pendant que le soleil qui se levoit sembioit during that the sun who himself rose seemed faire sortir du sein de la mer ses feux etince- to make to go out of the bosom of the sea his fires spark- lants: ses rayons doroient le sommet des montagnes ling: his rays gilded the summit of the mountains que nous decouvrions encore un peu sur l'horizon; which we discovered yet a little upon the horizon; the tower, I embarked with the others, and hope again began to shine in the bottom of my heart. A favourable wind already filled up our sails; the rowers cleft the foaming- waves; the vast sea was covered with ships; the mariners uttered cries of joy; the shores of Egypt fled away from us; the hills and mountains grew level by degrees. We began to see nothing but heaven and water, whilst that the sun, who was rising, seemed to cause his Sparkling fires to come cut of the bosom of the sea; his rays gilded the summit of the mountains which/ sve discovered a little above the horizon: TELEMACHl/S. 89 et tout le ciel, peint d'un sombre azur, nous promet- and all the heaven, painted of a dark azure, to us premis- toit une heureuse navigation. ed a happy navigation. Quoiqu' on m'eiit renvoye comme etant Phenicien, Although they me had sent back as being JPhenician, aucun cles Pheniciens avec qui j'etois ne me connoissoit* any of the Phenicians with whom I was not me knew, Narbal, qui commandoit dans le vaisseau ou l'on Narbal, who commanded in the vessel in which they me mit, me demanda mon nom et ma patrie. De me put, to me demanded my name and my country. From quelle ville de Phenicie etes-vous? me dit-il. Je ne what city of Phenicia are you? to me said he. 1 not suis point de Phenicie, lui dis-je; mais les Egyptiens am of Pheniciaj to him said 1; but the Egytians m'avoient pris sur la mer dans un vaisseau de Pheni- me had taken upon the sea in a vessel of Pheni- cie: J'ai clemeure captif en Egypte comme un Pheni- cia; / have remained captive in Egypt as a Phe7ii- cien; c*est sous ce nom que j'ai long-temps souffert; cian; it is under that name that I have long time suffered; c'est sous ce nom que Ton m'a deiivre. De quel it is under that name that tfiey me have delivered. From what pays etes-vous done? reprit alors Narbal. Je lui country arre you then? resumtd then Narbal. I to him parlai ainsi: Je suis Telemaque, fils d'Ulysse roi spoke thus: I am Telemachus, son of Ulysses king and the whole heavens, painted with a dark azure, promised us a happy voyage. Although i had been sent back as a Phcnician, yet none of the Phenicians with whom I was, knew me. Narbal, who com- manded in the vessel in which I was put, demanded of me my name, and my country. From what city of Phenicia are you? said he to me. I am not from Phenicia, said I to him; but the Egyptians had taken me upon the sea in a Phcnician ves- sel: 1 have remained a captive in Egypt as a Phenician, and it is under that name that I have a long time sftiured; it is under that name I have been delivered up. From what country are you then? resumed Narbal. 1 spoke to him thus: 1 am Telemacbus, son of Ulysses, kiog H 2 90 TELEMACMUS. d'lthaque en Grece. Mdn pere s'est rendu fameux idea in Greece. My father hirmetfix rendered fv entre tous les rois qui out assie^e la vilie de T; among all the kings who have besiegtd the city of Troy: mais les Dieux ne lui out pas accorde de revoir sa but the gods net to him have gra to bee again kis patrie. Je i'ai cherche en piusieurs pays; la fortune country. I him have sought in several co-unlrits;tke / me persecute com me lui; vous voyez nn malhcureux me persecutes as him; you see an unfortunal qui ne soupire qu'apres le bonheur de retourner parrni who net sighs but after the happiness tortturn among les siens, et de retrouver son pere. the his own, and to find again his father. Narbal me regardoit avec etonnement, et il c Narbal me regarded with astonishment, and he bel'uvtd appercevoir en moi je ne sais quoi d'heureux qui vient to perceive in me I not know ivhat of happy which des dons du ciel, et qui n'est point dans le commun of the gifts of the heaven, and iv hich not is point in the common des hommes. II etoit nature! lenient sincere et ger.e- ofthe men. He was naturally sincere and gene- reux; il fut touch6.de mon maiheur, et me pat la avec row; he was touched of my misfortune, and to me spoke with une confiance que les Dieux lui inspirerent pour me a confidence which the gods to him inspired for me sauver d'un grand peril. to save of a great peril. of Ithaca, in Greece. My father has rendered himself famous among all the kings who have besieged the city of Troy: but the gods have not granted him to see his country again. I have sought him in several countries; fortune persecutes us both; you see an unfortunate youth, who breathes but for the happiness of returning among his own countrymen, and find- ing his father again. Narbal looked at me with astonishment, and he thought that ne perceived in me something, I know not of happiness, which comes from ^he gifts of heaven, and which is not in common men. lie was naturally sincere and generous; he was touched willj my misfortune, and spoke to me with a confidence which the gods inspired him with, in order to save me from a great peril. TELEMACHUS. 91 Telemaque, je ne dome point, . , c!e ce que TeUmachvj, ■ I not doubly to ir.e s:-d he, of 'I. at which vous me elites, et je fiti saurais en ciouter; la torn? sui/y and I not waiiUi be at is of it to doubt; the douleur et ia vertu pein'.os ^ir vr,t:e visage ne me anjthe virtue painied uprn your visage not to me defies devous: je sens :t ofy-u: I feet mtrnequeiesDieuxn rsser vis. vous aiment, ntn that tii^ gods w : J served, you love, et q aussi comtne si vous anilikalthii; tfso as ' if yov etiez rnon his: Je v g ; un conseil saiutaire, son. I to y 0,1 wttl gi& one counsel salutary, ct pour recompense je he vo«« dsmande que le secret. and for recompense I u demand but the secret, Ne crai : ::U lui dis-je,"qui j'aie aucune peine *S'ot fear to him said |j that I can have any trouble a me taire surles closes que vous voudr^z me to me to be silent upon ike things niiLh grow iviilwish tome ronfiei: quoique je sois jeune, j'ai deja vieilii dans to trust: Although I be young, I have already grown old in l'haiittude de ne dire jamais mon secret, et encore the Imbit of not to say ever my secret, and yet plus de ne trahir jamais, sousaucun pvetexte, le secret more cf not to betray ever, under any pretext, the secret d'autrui. Comment avez vous pu, me dit-il, vous of ethers. Hoic have you been able, to me said he, you Telemachus, I do not doubt, said he to me, of that which you say, nor could I doubt it; the grief and virtue painted on your countenance, do not permit me to distrust you: I even feel that the gods, whom I have always served, love you, and that they wish me to love you as if you were my own son. I shall give you a salutary counsehand for reward, I ask nothing from jou but secrecy. Be not afraid, said I to him, that I should be at any trouble to keep silence upon the things which you please to trust to me. Although I am young, J have al- ready grown old in the habit of never telling my secrets, and still more in never betraying, under any pretext, the secret of another. How have you been able, said he to me, 92 TELEMACHUS. accoutumer au secret, dans une si grande jeunesse? to accustom to the secret, in one so great youth: Jc serai ravi d'apprendre par quei moyen vous avez / will be very glad of to learn by what means you have acquis cette quaiite, qui est le fondement de la plus acquired that quality, which is the foundation of the most sage condime, et sans laquelie tons les talents sont wise conduct, and without which all Ike talents are inutiies. Quand Uiysse, lui dis-je. partit pour aller au When Ulysses, to him say I, departed for to go to the siege de Troie, il me prit sur ses geuoux et entre siege of Troy, he me took upon his knets and between ses bras: c'est ainsi qu'on me Pa raconte. Apres his arms: it is thus that one to me il has related. lifter m 'avoir baise tendrement, il me dit ces pa> otes, quoique me to have kissed tenderly, he tome said these ivonis, although je ne pusse les entendre: O mcai ii Js, que ies Dieux / not were able them to understand: O my son, let the gods me preservent de te rcvoir jamais; que plulot le me jp» eserve of thee to see again ever; let rather - the ciseau de ia parque tranche ie nl de tes jours iorsqu'il scissors of the fate cuts the thread of thy days whtn it est a peine forme, de meme que le moissonneur tranche is hardly formed, of same that the mower cuts de sa faux une tendre fleur qui commence a eclore; of his scythe one tender flower which begins to . blow; to accustom yourself to secrecy in so blooming a youth? 1 will be very glad to learn, by what means you have acquired this quality, which is the foundauon of the wisest conduct, and Without which all talents become useless. When Ulysses, said 1 to him, departed, in order to go to the siege of Troy, he took me upon his knees and in his arms: it is thus they related it to me. After having kissed me tenderly, he said these words to me, though I could not understand th O my son may the gods preserve me r seeing thee again; may rather the sensors of the fatal sisters cut asunder the thread of thy days when it is hardly formed, the same as a jnower cuts with, his scythe a tender flower which begins to blow, TELEMACHUS. 93 que mes ennemts te puissent ecraser aux ytux de ta let my enemies thee may be able to crush to the eyes of thy mere et aux miens, si tu dois un j<>ur te corrompre rand to the mine, if thou owest one day thyself to corrupt et abandonner la vertu! O mes amis, contiuua-t-il, je and to abandon the virtue/ my friends, continued he, I vous laisse ce fi Is qui m'est si cher; ayez soin de son to you leave this son echo to me is so dear; have care of his enfance; si vous m'aimez, e!oignez de lui la pernicieuse infancy; if you me love, remove of him the pernicious flatterie; eSaseignez-lui a se 'vaincre; (tu'ji soit fiaiic him to himself conquer; let him be eon j me un jeune arbrisseau encore tend re qu'on piie as one young ticlg still tender that one bends pour le redrtsser: sur-tont n'oubliez rien pour le for it to make strait; above all net forget any thing for him rendre juste, bienfaisant, sincere, et fidele a garde r le to render just, beneficent, sincere, andfaiihful to keep the secret. Quiconque est capable de mentir est indigne secret. Whosoever is cnpable of to lie is unworthy d'etre compte au nombre des horn mes; et quiconque of to be counted to the number of mm; and whosoever ne sait pas se taire est indigne de gouvemer. not knows himself to be silent is unworthy of to govern. Je vous rapporte ces paroles parce qtfon a eu soin J to you relate these words because thai one has had care de me ies repeter sou vent, et qu'elies out penetre of lo me them to repeat often, and that they have penetrated may my enemies be able to cut thee to pieces before the eyes of thy mother and mine, if one day thou art to be corrupted and to abandon virtue! O my friends, continue*] he, i leave t! i o'f mine who is so dear to me; take care of his infancy; and if you love me, remove from him pernicious flattery; t how to conquer himself; Jet him he- that is bent In or !er to straighten, it: < hing' pder \o render him just, sincere, and faithful to ! cret. \\ h i 8 capable of lyin^r, is unv. ort: ed in the number or' men; and whosoever does not know how to keep a secret, is unworthy to govern. 1 relate these words to you, because thej have tali en care to repeat them to me often, and th- netratod 94 TELEMACIIUS. jusqu au fond de mon cceur: je me les redis souvent even to the bottom of my heart: I to mt them say again often a moi-meme. to myself! Les amis de mon pere eurent soin de m'exercer de The friends of my father had care of me to exercise ' of bonne heureau secret: j'etois encore dans la plus ten- good hour to the secrecy: I was yet in the most ten- die enfance, et ils me confident cleja toutes les peines der infancy , and they tome trusted already all the pains qu'ils resscntoient, voyant ma mere exposee a im which they felt> seeing my mother exposed to a grand nombre de temeraires qui vouloient l'epouser. great number of rash men who loished her to marry. Ainsi on me traitoit des-lors comme un homme Thus they me treated from thence as a man raisonnable et siir, on m'enti etenoit secretement des reasonable and sure; they me entertained secretly cftht plus grandes affaires; on m'instruisoit de ce qu'on most great affairs; they me instructed of that which they avoit lesolu pour ecarter les preiendants. J'etois ravi hsd resolved for to remove the pretenders. I was very glad qu'on eut en moi ceite confiancej par-ia je me that one had in me that confidence; by there I myself croyois deja un homme fait. Jamais je n'en ai abuse. thought already a man made. Ever I not of it have abused. Jamais il ne m' a echappe une seule parole qui Ever it not from me has escaped one single ivord ichich even to the bottom of my heart: I repeat them to myself very often. The friends of my father took care to exercise me early to secrecy: I was yet in the tenderest infancy, and they confided tome all the pains they felt at seeing- my mother exposed to a great number of rash men who wished to marry her. I was treated thus then as a man reasonable and safe; they secretly conversed with me on the greatest affairs; they informed me concerning what they had resolved on forremo\ing these pre- tenders. I was very glad that they had that confidence in me: thereby I thought myself to be already a man. I never have abused it: never has there escaped from me a single word which TELEMACflUS. 9.3 put decou vrir le moindre secret. Sou vent les preien- cculd to discover the least secret. Often the preten- dants tachoient de me faired parler, esperant qu'un ders tried of me to make speak, hoping that a enfant qui pourroit avoir vu ou enttndu quelque child who might be able to have seen or heard some chose d'important ne sauroit pas se retenir: mais thing of importance not would know himself to restrain: but je savois hi en leur re pond re sans mentir, et sans / knew well to them to answer nythout to lie, and without leur apprendre ce que je ne devois point kur to them to inform that which I not ought point to them dire. to say. Aiors Narbal me dit: vous voyez, Telemaque, la Then Narbal to me said: you see, Telemachns, the puissance des P.eniciens: ils sont redoutabies a toutes power of the Pheniciens: they are formidable to all les nations vo -sines par leurs innombrables vaisseaux: the nations neighbouring by their innumerable vessels: le commerce qu'ils font jusqu'aux colonnes d'Her- the commerce which they make even to the columns of Her' cule leur donne des richesscs qui surpassent celles cutes to them gives of the riches which surpass those des peuples les plus florissants. Le grand roi Se- of the people the most flourishing. The great king Se- sostris, qui n'auroit jamais pu les vaincre par sostris, who not would have ever been able them to conquer by could discover the least secret- Often the pretenders tried to make me speak, expecting" that a child who might have seen or heard something' of importance, would not be able to restrain himself: but I knew very well how to answer them without lying, and without informing them of what 1 ought not to tell to them. Then Narbal said to me: you see, Telemachus, the power of the Phenicians: they are formidable to all the neighbouring nations by their innumerable vessels; the commerce which they carry as far as to the columns of Hercules, gives to them riches which exceed that of the most flourishing people. The great king Sesostris, who would never be able to conquer them by TELEMACFIUS. mer, eut -bien tie la peine a Jes vainer*, par terrc avee ?va, had much of Ike trouble to them to > conqw r by ! se« armees qui avoient conquis tout POrient: il ncus ifa armies ichich hud conquered all tie East: he onus imposa vn tribut que nous n'avons pas lorig-umps impend a tribut.'. whkh ice net have time pave. Les Pheniciens se IrpiivxAcftt trop riches /raid. The Phenklans themselves f rwrt et trop puissants ])our porter >aiien and too powerful for % to bear , and servitude: r.ous r j. L* rrtort the servitude: we ■ d ci:r ne laissa pas a Sesos'ris ie temps nc£ left sOp to Stsoeiris the r contre nous. II est vrai que nGirs to : u a against us. It is true that ire craindre de sa sa ( resse, encore plus q.»i€ /f«r of his irisdom, v.i mais sa puissance passant cut re les : fiUf|. fettf /as power passing between the hands of hie snation notre roi; il les a trempees, ces mains cruelles. dans cur king; he them has dipped, these hands cruel, in le sang de Sichee, marl de Didon sa sc^ur. Didon, the blood of Sicheus, husband of Dido his sister. Dido, pleine du desir de la vengeance, s'est sauvee de full of the desire of the revengt, herself is fled from Tyr avec plusieurs vaisseaux. La piupart de ceux Tyre with several vessels. The most part of those qui aiment la vertu et la liberie Tout suivie: elle a who love the virtue and, the liberty her have followed: she hag le sur la cote d'AfYique une superbe ville qu'on founded upon the coast of Africa a superb city which they nomine Carthage. Pygmalion, tourmente par une c«M Carthage. Pygmalion, tormented by one have been constrained to call us to their succour, to deliver them from that impious and furious king-. We Lave been their deliverers. What glory added to the liberty and to the opu- lence of the Phenicians. But whilst we set others free, we are slaves ourselves. O Telemachus, fear lest you should fall into the h^n.Is of Pygma- lion, our king; he has imbrued his cruel hands in the blood of Sicheus, husband of Dido, his sister. Dido, animated by a strong- desire of revenge, has fled to Tyre, with many vessels. The most part of tho^e who love virtue and liberty have fol- lowed her: she has founded, upon the coast of Africa, a superb city, which is called Carthage. Pygmalion, tormented by an 98 TELEMACHUS. soif insatiable des richesses, se rend de plus en thirst imatitble of the riches, himself render of more in plus miserable et odieux a ses sujets. C'est un more miserable and odious to his subjects. It is one crime a Tyr que d'avoir de grands Mens; l'avarice crime to Tyre that of to have some great goods; the avarice le rend defiant, soupconneux, cruel; il persecute les him render distrustful, suspicious, cruel; he persecutes the riches, et il craint les pauvres. rich, and he fears the poor. C'est un crime encore plus grand a Tyr d'avoir It is one crime yet move great to Tyre of to have de la vertu; car Pygmalion suppose que ies bons ne of the virtue; for Pygmalion supposes that the good not peuvent soufifrir ses injustices et ses infamies; la vertu are able to suffer his injusiices and his infamies; the virtue le condamue, il s'aigrit et s'irrite contre elle. him condemn, he himself sours and himst If irritates against her. Tout Fagite, I'mquieie, ieTonge; ii a peurdeson Every thing him agitates, him disquiets, him knows; he has fear of his ombre; il ne dort ni mm ni jour: ies dieux, pour shadow; he not sleeps neither night nor day: the, gods y for le confbiidre, l'accabiuit cie treso ?. com il n'ose him to confound, him overwhelm of tret,.n s ff which he not dares jouir. Ce qu'il cherciie pour ctrc heureux est to enjoy. That which he seeks for to be happy i $ precisement cc qui I'empechc de i'etre. IJ re^rctte precisely that what him prevent of it to be. He regrets unextinguishable thirst of riches, renders himself m< jv and more miserable and hateful to his subjects. At Tyre the possessions of a great estate is considered as a crime* Ava- rice renders him diffident, suspicious, and cruel; he persecutes the rich, and fears the poor. To be virtuous, is stili a greater crime at Tyre; for Pygma- lion supposes that the good cannot bear his injustice and his infamies; virtue condemns him, exasperates and irrita'. » him. Every thing agitates, disturbs and tortures him; he is afraid of Ins shadow; he sleeps neither night nor day: the gods, in or- der to confound him, load him with treasures which he dares not What he seeks to be happy in,is precisely what prevents bim to be so. He regretj TELEMACHUS. 99 tout ce qu'il donne, et craint toujours de perdre; all that which he gives, and fears always of to lose; il se tourmente pour gagner. he himself torments for to gain. On ne le voit presque jamais; il est seul, triste, One not him sees almost ever; he is alone, sad, abattu au fond de son palais: ses amis memes cast down to the bottom of his palace: his friends themselves n'osent Paborder, de peur de lui devenir suspects. not dare him to accost, of fear of to him to become suspicious. Une garde terrible tient toujours des epees nues et One guard terrible holds always of the swords naked and des piques levees autour de sa maison. Trente of the pikes lifted up round of his house. Thirty chambres qui cornmuniquent les unes aux autres, rooms which communicate the ones to the* others, et dont chacune a une porte de fer avec six gros and of which every cue has a door of iron with six big verroux, sont le lieu oil bolts, are the place iifere he himseh jamais dans laqueile de ces ever in which of these rooms he lays down and on assure qu'il ne couche jamais deux nuits de suite one assures that he not lays down ever two nights to gether dans la meme, de peur d'y etre egorge. 11 ne in the same, of fear of there to be killed. He not connait ni les doux plaisirs, ni Famitie encore knows neither the sweet pleasures, nor thefriendship yet all that he gives, and he is always afraid to lose; he torments himself to gain. He is scarcely ever seen; he is alone, sad, dejected, at the bottom of his palace: even his friends dare not accost him for fear of being suspected by him. A terrihle guard hold always naked swords and pikes lifted up around his house. Thirty chambers which communicate with oue another, and every one of which has an iron door with six. large bolts, are the places in which he shuts himself up. No one knows in which of these chambers he sleeps; and they assure us that be never sleeps two nights together in the same, for fear of being slaugh- tered there. He knows not sweet pleasures, nor friendship still ; door of iron with six big il se renierme; on ne sait /I he himself shuts up; one not knows Z/ ces c^mbres il couche etAf 100 TELEMACHUS. plus douce: si on lui parle de chercher la joic, il more sweet: if one to him speaks of to seek the joy, lit sent qu'elle fuit loin de lui, et qu'elle refuse d'entrer feels that it flies far from him , and that it refuses of to enter dans son cceur. Ses yeux creux sont pleins d'un feu in his heart. His eyes hollow are full of a fire apre et farouche; ils sont sans c j sse errant de ardent and ferocious; they are withnit ceasing wandering of tous cotes: il prete l'oreiile au moindre bruit, et se all sides; he lends the ear to the least noise, and himself sent tout emu; ii est pale, defait et les noirs soucis sont feels all moved; he is pale, dejected and the black cares are peints sur son visage ton jours ri< II se painted upon his visage always wrinkled. He himself tait, il soupire, il tire de son cceur de profo 'nds keepsilen^, he sighs, he draws of his heart some deep gemissfinents, il ne peut cacher les remords qui groans, he not can to hide the remorses which dechirent ses entrailies. Les mcts les plus exquis le ftar his entrails. The dishes the most exquisile him kdegoutent. Ses enfams, loin d'etre son esperance, 'disgust. His children, far from, to be his hope, sont le sujet de sa terrtur: il en a fait ses plus are the subject of his terror he of them has made his most dangereux ennemis. II n'a en toute sa vie aucun dangerous enemies. He not has in all his life any moment d'assure; il ne se conserve qu'a force de moment of sure: he nothimsdf preserves but to (by) force of sweeter: if they speak to him of seeking fur joy, he feels that it flies far from him, and that it refuses to enter into his heart. His eyes are hollow and full of an acrid and ferocious fire; they are continually wandering on all sides; he listens to the least noise, and feels himself terrified; he is pale, dejected, and black cares are painted upon his ever wrinkled face. He speaks not, he sighs, and draws from his heart deep groans, he cannot con- ceal the remorse which rends his howels. The nicest dainties disgust him. His children, far from being- his hope, are the subject of his terror: he has forced them to become his most dangerous enemies. He has not had in all his life a single moment secure; he preserves liimselfonly TELEMACHUS, repandre le sang de tons ceux qu'il craint to shed the blood of all those whom he fears. qui ne voit pas que s» cruaute a la quelle who not confie, le /rusts, him will make to perish! some one of his domestics, aussi defiant que lui se hatera de delivrerle monde se Senseless il se step that his cruelty to the which he himself fera perir! quel-qu'un de ses domestiques, as d{ffi.dent as de ce monster. from this monster. Pour moi, je me, I he himself will hasten of to deliver the world For coute, COSt, donne: given; que de of 1 j'aimerqis J would love au to the roi king qu'ii that he than manquer to fail gardez guard crains les dieux: fear the gods; serai fidele shall be faithful mieux better lui oter la vie, him to take away his life, a le defendre. Pour to him to defend. Jis to vous bien de lui dire yourself well from to him to say quoiqu'ii m'en whatever it to me of it qu ? iis m'ont whom they to me have me fit mourir, me made to die, de */ vous, O Telemaque, you, Telemachus, que vous etes le fils that you ■et and meme even que than are the son he d'Ulysse: of Ulysses; Ithaque, lui Ithaca, vous you espereroit would hope paieroit to him would pay racheter,^et il to redeem, and he qu'Ulysse, retournant a that Ulysses, returning to quelque grande somme pour some great sum for vous tiendroit en prison* you would keep in prison. by shedding" the blood of all those whom he fears: foolish man, who does not see that his cruelty, to which he trusts himself, must cause him to perish! some one of his domestics, as sus- picious as himself, will hasten to deliver the world from that monster. As for me, I fear the gods: whatever it may cost me I shall be faithful to the king whom they have given me: I would rather chuse that he put me to death, than to take away his life, or even to fail to defend him. As for you, O Telemachus, take great care not to tell him that you are the son of Ulysses: he would hope that Ulysses, having returned to Ithaca, would pay him a larg-e sum of money for your ransom, and he would keep you in prison. 12 A TELEMACHL-S'. VVhen id nous arrivames a Tyr, je suivis le conseil we arrived to Tyre, I follow td the counsel de Narbal, et je rcconuus la verite de tout of Narbal, and I recognized the truth, of ail that qu'il m'avoit r a come. Je ne pouvois comprendre which he to me had related. I not was able to comprehend qu'un homme put se rend re aussi miserable that a man could himself io render so que Pygmalion me le paroissoit. as Pygmalion to me the appeared. Surpris d,un spectacle si affreux et si nouveau Surprised of a spectacle so frightful and so na? pour moi, je disois en moi-meme: voiia un homme for me, I said in myself: behold a man qui n'a cherche qu'a se rendrc heureux: il who not has sought but to himself to render happy: he a cru y parvenir par les richesses et kas believed there to come by the riches ant par une autorite absolue: il possede tout ce qu'il by an authority absolute: he possess all that which he peut desirer, et cependant il est miserable par ses can desire, and nevertheless he is miserable by richesses et par son autorite meme. S'il etoit border, riches and by his authority iteelj. If he was shepherd, comme je Tetois naguere, il seroit aussi heureux as I it was not long ago, he would be as happy queje l'ai ete; iljouiroit des plwrs innocents de as I it have been; he would enjoy of the pleanires innocent of When we arrived at Tyre, I followed the advice of Narbai, I recognised »he tnUh of all that which lie had related to me, I conid not understand thai a man could render hiinsi miserable as 1 »n appeared to n e. Astonished at a so frightful and so new to me, I .) nivscb: i*t but to make himself happy; ped to succeed in • the es and by an absolute authority; lie p< t be desire, aed nevertheless^ miserable by his n« even by 'his authority. Wjere beashephen >uld be as happy a- - en; he \s cent i leasurefi of—-- TELLMACIIUS. 103 la campagne, et en jouin^it sans rcmords: i\ ne the country , and of them would enjoy without remorse: he not eraiwlj'tiut ni le fer ni le poison; li aimeroit les would fear neither the iron nor the poison; he would love the homines, il en seroit aime: il n'auroit point ces men he by .them would be loved: he not would have these grandes richesses qui lui sont aussi inutiles que great riches which to him are as useless as du sable, puisqu'il n'ose y toucher; mais il of the sand, since he not dares them to touch; but he jouiroit librement des fruits de la terre, et ne would tnjoy freely of the fruits of the eaith, and not soufFrir&it aucurh veritable besoin. Cet horarae would suffer any true need. That man parojt faire tout ce qu'il veut: mars il s ? en faut appears to do ail that which he wishes: but it itself of it wants bien qu'il ne le fasse; il fait tout ce que veulent much that he not it make; he makes all that which wish ses pasifrms feroces; il est toujours entraine par son his passion* ferocious; he is always drawn by his avarice, par sa crainte et par sts soupcons. II paroit avarice, by his fear and by his auspicious* He appears maitre de tous ies autres iiornmes; mais il n'est pas master of al\ the others men; but he not is step maitre de hu-meme, car il a autant de maitres et master vf himself, for he has as many of masters and de bourreaux qu'il a de desirs violents. of executioners as lie has of desires violent. the country, and would enjoy them without remorse; and would neither fear daggers nor poison: he would love men, and would he loved by them; he would not have these stores of riches which are to him a? useless as eaud, since he dares not touch them; but he would enjoy ireeiy the fruits of the earth, and would not suffer any real want. This man seems to do ail that which he pleases; but very far from it, he does all that which his ferocious passions wish him to do; he is always hurried on by his avarice, by his fears, and b icions. He seems to be the master of ail other men, but he is not master of him- self; for he has as many masters and tormentors as he has vio- lent deb ires. 104 TELEMACHUS. Je resonnois ainsi de Pygmalion sans le voir, xar I reasoned thus of Pygmalion without him to see, for on ne le voyo.it point; et on regarctoit settlement avec one not him saw and one looked only with crainte ces hautes tours, qui eto'.ent nuit et jour fear those high toioers, : which were night and day entourees de gardes, ou il s'etoit mis lui-meme*, surrounded of guards, where he himself was put himself comme en prison, se renfermant avec ses tresors. as in prison, himself shutting up with his treasures. Je comparois ce roi invisible avec Sesostris, si doux I compared that king invisible with Sesostris, so sweet si accessible, si affable, si curieux de voir lesetrangers so accessible, so affable, so curious of to see the strangers si attentif a ecouter tout ie monde et a tirer du coeur so attentive to listen all the world and to draw from the heart des hommes la verite qu'on cache aux rois. ySesos- of men the truth that one conceals to the kings.- Sesos- tris, disois-je, ne craignoit rien, et n'avoifc rien tris, said I, not feared any thing, and not had any thing a craindre. II se montroit a tous ses sujets comme to fear. He himself did shoio to all his subjects as & ses propres enfants: celui-ci crair^out, et a tout to his own children : this one fears* all, and has all a craindre. Ce me chant roi est toujours expose a une to fear. This wicked king is always exposed to a mort funeste, meme dans son palais inaccessible, au death fatal, even in his palace inaccessible, to the I reasoned thus concerning- Pygmalion, without seeing- him; for no one saw him, and they only looked, with fear, at those high towers, which were night and day surrounded by guards where he had put himself as in prison, shutting himself up with his treasures. I compared this invisible Un.g with Sesostris, so kind, so accessible, so affable, so anxious to see straugers, so attentive to listen to every body, to elicit from the hearts of men truths which they rarely discover to kings. Sesostris, said I, feared nothing and had nothing to fear; he showed himself to all his subjects as to his own children: this man fears everything and has every thing to fear. This wicked king is always exposed to a fatal death, even in his inaccessible palace, in the TELEMACHUS. 195 milieu de ses gardes; au contraire, le bon roi Sesostris middle of his guards; to the contrary. the good king Sesostris etoit en surete au milit-u de la fouie cks peuples, was in safety to the middle of the ^i^dr-^o^tne people, comme un bon pere dans sa maison, environne de sa as a good father in his house surrounded of his fanuile. family. Pygmalion donna ordre ue renvoyer !es troupes Pygmalion gave order of to send buck Vie troops de 1'isle* de Cypre qui etoient venues secourir les of the isle of hat were come to succour the siennes aeau^e tie i'ailiance qui e'.o.it entre ies deux his own because of the alliance w hetvetrn the two pennies. [ prit cette occasion de me mettre en people. Narbal took this occasion of me to put in liberie: il me fit passer en revue paring ies soldats liberty: he me made to pass in review among the soldiers Qyprjens; car Ic roi etoit OTnhi»&g , &Ji35 ju .-. . . s les Cyprian; for the king was suspicious &en in the moindres choses. least things. Le defaut des princes trop faciies et inappliqu£s The fault of the princes too easy and unmindful est de se Hytct avec pane aveugie conftance a des is of themselves to give up with cue bit confidence to some favoiis artificieux et corrompus. Le deLut de celui- favourites artful and c les vents tontraires nous retinrent incredible; but the winds contrary us retained assez long-ten) ps a Tyr. enough long times at Tyre. Je profitai de ce sejour pour connoitre les J profiled of that sojourn (or stay) for to know the moeurs des Pheniciens, si celebrts dans toutes les manners of the Phenicians, so celebrated in all the rupted, he did not take the trouble to look for another; think- ing- that another would not be better. The good appeared to hirn worse than the most declared wicked, because he be- lieves them as wicked and more deceitful. To return to myself. 1 was confounded among- the Cypri- ans, and 1 escaped the penetrating diffidence of the king. Narbal trembled for fear 1 would be discovered: it would have cost him his life and mine also. His impatience to see us de- part was incredible: but contrary winds retained us longer at Tyre. 1 profited of that stay in order to know the manners of th« Phenicians, so famous among all 108 TELEMACHUS. nations eonnues. J'admirois l'heurcujfc situation de nations knoion. J admired the happy situation of cette grande ville, qui est au milieu de la mer, dans that great city, which is in the middle of the sea, in une isle. La cote voistne est deiicieuse par sa an island. The coast neighbouring is dtlightfal by Us fertiiite* par ies fruits exquis qrfllie porte, par le fertility by the fruits excellent xcnichit bears, by the nombre de villes et de villages qui se touthent number of cities and of villages ichicli one another touch preeque; enfin, par la douceur de son ciimat, car les almost; infme, by the mildness if its climate, fir the roontagnes meuent cette cote a Fal>rj des vents mountains put that coast at the shelter oft brulant du midi: elle est fafrafbhie par le vent du burning of the scut ft; it is refreshed by the wind nord qui sou0e du cote' de lamer. Ce pays e north which olotos of the side of ike mt. That count y is at pied du Lihan don;: le so- ndlesnueset va the foot of the 'lAhanm ofwhichihe summit cfeavts tlve clouds and gots toucher les astres; une glace eternelle couvrt son front; to touch the stars; an ice eternal covers its brew; des flenves pleins de neiges tombent, comnae des some rivers full of snow fall, as some torrents, des po kites des rochers qui environment torrents, from the points of the rocks ich> sa tete. Au-dessous on voit une vastc foi Us head. Below one sees a vast forest of cedars known nations. I admired the happy situation of this larg-e city, which is in the r.iidJle of the sea, in an The neighbouring- coast is delightful by its \'cel- lent fruits which it hears, by the number of cities and villages which almost touch one another; lastly, by the sweetness of its climate, for the mountains shelter that eu:.st against the burn- ing winds of t lie south: ii is refreshed by the north wind which blows from the sea. That country is at the foot of the Leba- non, the summit of which cleaves the clouds and goes to touch the stars; an eternal ice covers its brow, rivers full of snow fall as torrents, from the poiuts of the rocks which surround its head. Below is seen a vast forest of ancient cedars TELEMACHU3 109 antiques, qui paraissent aussi vieux que la terre oii ancient, which appear as old as the earth where iis sont plames, el qui portent leurs branches epaisses they are planted, and which carry their branches thick jusques vers les hues. Cette fcoret a sous ses pieds even towards the clouds. That forest has under its fee'- de gras paitirages dans la pente de ia montague, some fat pastures in the declivity of the mountain. C'esi ia qu'on voit errer les taureaux qui mugissent, His there thai one sees to wander the hulls which . beil.m, les brcbis qui beient avec leurs tencires agneaux the ewes which bleats with their tender lambs bondibsant sur l'herbe: id couient rniile ruisseaux skipping upon the grass. there flow thousand rivulete d'uue eau claire. Enfin, on voit au-dessous de ces of a water clear. Finally, one sees below of these pal u rage* Ic pied de la 'montagne, qui est com me pastures the foot of the mountain, which is as un jardin: le printemps et i'automne y regnent a garden: the spring and the autumn tfiere reign ensemble^ pour y joindre ies fleurs et les fruits. together for there to join the flowers and the fruits. Jamais ni le soufle empeste du midi, qui seche ^t Ever nor the blast pestiferous of the south, lohich dries up and qui brule tout, ni le rigoureux aquiion. n'ont ose which burns all, nor the rigorous noith wind, not have dared effacer les vives couleurs qui ornent ce jardin. to efface the lively colours which adorn that garden. which appeared as old as the earth in which they are planted, and which carry their thick branches even to the clouds. That forest has under its feet fat pastures, on the declivity of the mountain There they see wandering the bulls which bellow, the bleating ewes with their tender lambs skipping upon the grass. There flow thousand brooks of clear water. In fine, below those pasturages is seen the foot of the moun- tain, which is like z garden; the spring and the autumn reign there together, to join both blossoms and fruit. Never the pestiferous blast of the south which parches and burns every thing, nor the rigorous north wind, have dared to efface the lively colour which adorn this garden. K i 10 TELEMACHUS. C'est aupres de cette belle cote que s'eleve dans It is near of that beautiful coast that itself rises in la mer Pisle ou est batie la ville de Tyr. Cetie the sea the island where is built the city of Tyre. That erande ville semble nager au-dessusdes caux, et etre large city seems to sicim above of the waters, and to be la reine c!e toute la mer. Les marchands y abordent the queen of all the sea. The merchants thtre land de toutes les parties du monde, et ses habitants sont from all the parts of the woild, and its inhabitants are eux-memes les plus fameux merchands qu'il y ait themselves the most famous merchants that it there be clans 1'univers. Quand on entre dans cette vilie, on in the universe. When one enters in that city, one croit d'abord que ce n'est point une vilie qui believes at first thai it not is a city which apparticnne a un pen pie. particulier, mais qu'elle est belongs to a people particular, but that it is la ville commune de tous les peuples, et le centre de the city common of all the people, and the centre of Jeur commerce. Kile a deux grands moles sjmblables their commerce. It has two large mounds like ad^ux bras qui s'avancent dans la mer, et qui toiwo, arms which themselves advance m the sea, and which embrassent un vaste port, ou les vents ne peuvent embrace a vast port, ivhere the winds not can entrer. Dans ce port on voit com me une foret de mats enter. In this port one sees as one forest of masts It is near to this beautiful coast that rises in the sea the isle in which is built the city of Tyre This immense city seems to swim above the water, and to be the queen of the sea. The merchants come there from all parts o( the world, and its in- habitants are themselves the most famous merchants that there are in the universe. When they enter into that city, one be- lieves at first that it is nut a city which belongs to a particular people, but that it is a city common to all the people, and the centre of their commerce. It has two large moles, like to two arms, which advance in the sea, and which embrace a vast port, in which the winds cannot euter. In that port a forest TELEMACHUS. Ill de navircs; et ces navires sont si nombreux, qu'a peine of ships; and these ships are so numerous, that hardly peut-on decouvrir la mer qui lesporte.* Tous les can one discover the sea which them bear. Ml the citoyens s'appliquent au commerce, et leurs grandes citizens themselves apply to the commerce, and their great richesses ne les degoutent jamais du travail neces- riches not them disgust ever of the work neces- saife pour les augmenter. On y voit de tous sary in order them to augment. One there sees of all cotes le fin lin d'Egypte, et la pourpre Ty rienne deux fois sides the fine flax of Egypt, and the purple Tynan twice teinte, d'un eclat merveilleux: cette double teinture dyed, of a lustre marvellous: that double tincture est si vive que le temps nepeut retfacer: on s'en sert is so brilliant that the. time not can it to efface: one of it uses pour les laines fines qu'on rehausse d'une broderie for the wools fine that one enhances of an embroidery d'or et d'argent. Les Pheniciens ont le commerce of gold and of silver. The Phenicians have the commerce de tous les peuples jusqu'au detroit de Gades, et ils of all the people even to the strait of Gades, and tliey ont merae penetre dans le vaste ocean qui environne have even penetrated in the vast ocean ichich surroun toute la terre. Ils ont fait aussi de longues navigajons all the earth. They have made also of long navigations of ships is seen; and these ships are so numerous, that hardly can one discover the sea that carry them. All the citizens apply themselves to commerce, and their great riches never disgust them with the necessary trouble to increase them. There they saw on all sides the fine linen of Egypt, and the double dyed Tyrian purple, of a wonderful lustre. This dou- ble dye is so lively that time cannot efface it: they make use of it for the fine wools, which they enhance with an embroide- ry of gold or silver. The Phenicians have the commerce of all nations as far as the strait of Gades, and they have even penetrated into the vast ocean which surrounds the whole earth. They performed also long navigations 112 TELEMACHUS. sur la mer rouge; et e'est par ce chemin q'i'ils vont upon the sea red; and it is by that way that they go chercher dans des isles inconnues, dc Tor, des pa.r- to seek in some islands unknown, of the gold, some per- fums et divers animaux qu'on r.e voit point aiiicurs. fumes and divers animals that one not sees elsewhere. Je ne pouvois rassasier mes yeux du spectacle / not could satisfy my eyes of the spectacle magnifique de cette grand e v i 11 e ou tout etfoit en magnificent of that great city where all was in mouvement. Je n'y voyois point, comme dans Its motion. I not there saiv, as in the villes de la Grece, des horn mes oisifs et curieux, qui cities of the Greece, of the men idle and curious, who vont chercher des nouvelles dans la place publique, go to seek of the news in the place publique, ou regarder les etrangers qui arrive nt sur le port, Les or to look the strangers who Arrive upon the port. The homines y sont occupes a decharger leurs vaisseaux, men there are occupied to discharge their vessels, a transporter leurs marchandises ou a les vendrc, a to transport their merchandise or to them sell, to j^nger leurs magazins, et a tenir un compte de ce qui iFrange their stores, and to keep an account of that which ieur^ est du par les negotiants etrangers. Lesfemmes to them is owed by the merchants strangers- The women ne cessent jamais, nu de f.ler les laines, ou de not cease ever, either of to spin the wool, or of on the Red Sea; and it is by that way that they go into islands the most remote in quest of gold, perfumes, and divers ani- mals, which are not seen elsewhere. 1 could not satisfy my eyes with the magnificent spectacle of this large city, where all was in motion. 1 saw not there, as in the cities of Greece, idle and curious men, who go into public places to inquire for news, or to look at strangers who arrive in the port. Men are employed in discharging" their vessels, trans- porting their merchandises, or in selling- them; in arranging their stores, and in keeping fto exact account of tin' owed to them b\ foreigu merchants. The women never a either to spin wool or TELEMACHUS. US fcire des dessins de broderie, ou de plier les riches to make some designs of embroidery, or of to fold the rick etoffes. # stuffs. D'ou vient, disois-je a Narbal, que les Pheniciens From whence comes, said 1 to Narbal, that the Phenicians se sont rend us les makres du commerce de themselves are rendered the masters of the commerce of ^ouie la terre, et qu'iis s'enrichissent ainsi aux all the earth, and that they themselves become rich thus at depens de tous les auues' peuples? Vous le voyez, expense of all the other people? You it see, me repontiit-il: !a situation de Tyr est heureuse pour tome answered he: the situation of Tyre is happy for le commerce. C'est notre patrie qui a la gloire the commerce. It is our country which has the glory d'avoir invente la navigation: les Tyriens furent les of to have invented the navigation: the Tyrians were the premiers) s'il en taut croire cequ'on raconte first, if it of it is necessary to believe what one relate de la plus obscure antiquite, qui domt^rsnt les flois, of the most obscure antiquity, tvho tame the waves, long-temps avant 1'a^e de Tiphys et des Argonautes long times before the age of Typhis and of the Argonautes taut vanies dans la Grece; ils furent, dis-je, les 50 much boasted of in the Greece; they were, say 1, the premiers qui oserent se meltre dans un frele vaisseau first who dared themselves put in a frail vessel to make drawings of embroidery, or to fold the rich stuff. VV hence comes it, said I to Narbal, that the Phenicians have rendered themselves masters of the commerce of the whole earth, and that they enrich themselves thus at the expense of other nations? You see it, replied he to me; the situation of Tyre is happy for commerce. It is our country which has the glory to have invented navigation; the Tyrians were the first, if we are to believe what they relate from the most obscure antiquity, who tamed the waves, long before the age of Tiphys and of the Argonautes, so much boasted of in Greece; they were, said I, the first who dared to put themselves into a frail vessel, k2 114 TELEMACHUS ■» a la merci des vagiies et des ternperes, qui sondereivjfr, at the mercy of the loaves and of ike tempests, who sound td les abymes de la mer, qui obser rerent les a at res loin the abyss of the sea, who observed the stars far de la terre, suivant ia science des Egyptiens et des from the earth, according the science gJ the Egyptians and if the Bibyloniens, en fin, qui reunirent taut de peuples que Babylonians, lastly, icho reunited so many of people that la mer avoit separes. Les Tyriens sont industrieux^ the sea had separated. The Tyrinns are industrious, patients, laborieux, propres, sobves, et menaces; ils patient, laborious, neat, frugal, and economical; tiny ont line cxacte police; ils sont parfahement -d'accord have an exact police; they are perfectly of an act or d entr'eux: jamais peuple n*a e?e plus constant, among themselves: ever people not has been more constant, plus sincere, plus fidele, plus su;\ plus commode a ions m-^re sincere, more faithful, more safe, more commodious to all les et rangers. strangers. Voiia, sa*j£ aller chercher d'aufre cause, ce qui Behold, without to go to search ofothei cause, what leur donne I'empire de la mer, et qui fait fleurir zo them gives the empire of the sea, and that make flourish dans leur port un si utile commerce. Si la division lit their port a so useful commerce. If the division et la jalousie se mettoient entre eux; s'ils and the jealousy themselves put among them: if they at the mercy of the waves and of the tempests: who sounded of the sea> Rriioobserved the stars far from the earth, accordrng to the science of the Egyptians ami Babylonia in fine, vvho united together 4 soman) people whom the sea had separated. '1 he Tyriaos are industrious, patient, laborious, neat, sober and economical; they have an exact police, a-^ree perfectly together; never ans people has been more Con- it, more su.cere, more faithful, more safe, more aeeommo- tlatipir to strangers. Behold, without going ai r, to itv other canoes, wrhat u the empire of the sea, and make flourish in their porta so u if .on and jealousy were put among- them; iftl TELEMACHUS. 115 pommenc^ient a s'amollir dans les deuces et began to themselves to effeminate in the ddights and dans i'oisivete; si ies premiers de la nation nAprisoient i:i the idleness; if the first of the nation would despise le travail et Feconomte; si les arts cessoient d'etre the work and the economy; if the arts would ceased of.tobt en honneur dans leur vilie; s*ih manquoient de bonne in honour in their city; ifihey wanted of good foi envers les etrangers; s'ils alteroient tant soit faith towards the strangers; if they would alter ever so pen les regies d'un commerce libre; s'ils the rules of a commerce free; if they cegiigeoient leurs manufactures, et s'ils cessoient de would neglect their manufactures, and if they would cease of faire les granges avanfes qui sont necessaires pour Utke the great advances which are ntctssary in order rendre leurs marchandises parfaites, chacune dans son to render their 6 merchandizes perfect , every one in its p*enre, vous verriez bientot tomber cette puissance kind, you would see scon to fall that poicer que vous admirez. which you admire. Mais expliquez-moi, lui disois-je, les vrais moyens Bui explain to me, to him said J, the true means d'etablir un jour a Ithaque un pareil commerce. of to establish one day at Ithaca a like commerce, Fakes, me repondit-il, comme on fait ici: recevez bien Do, to me answered he, as one does here: receive well would begin to effeminate themselves in pleasures and idle- if tue first of the nation would despise labour and econo- my; if the arts would cease to be in hunour in their city; ii' ifaey want' d good faith towards strangers; if they would ever so little alter the rules of a free commerce; if they would nog-lect their manufactures; if they would cease to make great ad- vances, which are necessary to render their merchandises perfect, everyone in its kind, \ou would soon see fall that power which you admire. but ex; lain to me, said I to him, the true means of establish- ing one day at Ithaca such a commerce. Do, replied he to me, as we do here: receive 116 TELEAIACIIUS. et facilement tous les etrangers; faitcs-Ieur trquyer and with facility all the strangers; make them find dans vos> ports la surete, la comniodite, ia liberie in yoiir ports the safety, the advantage, the liberty entiere; ne vous iaissez jamais enirairier ni entire; not yourselves suffer ever to be allured neither par Pavarice ni par i'orgueil. Le vrai moyen de by the avarice nor by the pride. The true means of gagner beaucoup est de ne vouioir jamais tron to gain very much is of not to be witling ever too much gagner, et de savoir perdre a propos. Faites vous to gain, and of to knoio to lose in a fit time. Make yourselves aimer par tous les etrangers; sourTYez me me quelque love by all the strangers; suffer even some- chose d'eux; craigntz d'exciter leur jalousie par votre thing of them; fear vf to excite tb.nr jealousy by your hauteur; soyez constant dans les regies du com- haughtiness; be constant in tfie iities oftfa com- merce; qu'elles soient simples et faciles; accoutumez merce; let them be simple and easy; accustom vos peuples a les suivre inviolablernent; punissez your people to them to follow inviolably; punish severement la fraude, et meme la negligence* ou ie severely the fraud, and even the negligence or the faste , des marchsmds, qui ruinent le commerce en sumptuousness of the merchants, who rxiin the commerce in ruinant les hommes qui le font. wining the men who it make. the strangers well and with facility; make them find in your ports, surety, ease, full liberty; never surfer yourselves to be allured either by avarice or by pride. The true means to gain much is never to wish to gain too much, and to know how to lose in proper time. Make yourself loved by all the strangers; even suffer something from them; fear to excite their jealousy hy your haughtiness; be constant in the rules of commerce; let them be simple and easy; accustom your people to follow them inviolably; punish with severity fraud, and even the neglect or the luxury of the merchants, who ruin commerce in ruin- ing those who carry it on. TCJEMACHTS. 117 Sur-tout n'er.treprenez jamais de gener le com- Jlbove all not undertake tv.r of to crump the can- merce pour le tourney selon vos vues. li fant merce for it to turn according your views. It is necessary que le prince ne s'en ro£le point, de'pcur de le i'tat the prince not himself of it meddle, cf fear of it ^ener, et qn'il en iaisse tout le profit a ses cramp, and that he of it leave all the profit to his sujets qui en ont toute la peine; uu- rement il les subjects who of it have all the trouble; otherwise he them decou; a^era; il en tirera assez d'avanta^es par les will discourage; he of it will draw enough of more by the grandes richesses qui entreront dans ses etats. Le com- great riches winch will enttr into his states. The com- merce est comme certaines sources; si vous voulez mrrce is as certain sources; so you wish detourner leur.cours, vous les faitcs tarir li n'y a que to turn, away their course^ you them make dry up. It not there has but' le profit et !a commodate qui attirent les etrangefs the profit and the convenience which draw the strangers chez vous; si vous ieur rendez ie commerce among you; if you to them render ihe commerce moins. commooe et n oins utile i Is se retirent Uss advantageous and less useful they themselves ivi'hdraw iusensiblement et ne revjennent plus, -parceque insensibly and not return any more, because d'acitres peoples, profrant de voire imprudence, les some otiur prople, profiting of your imprudence, them Never, especially, undertake to check commerce in order to turn it to y >ur own views. It is neees-ary that the prince should not meddle in it, lest he should check it, and that he should leave all the profit of it to his subjects who have the trou- ble of it; otherwise he will discourage them, he will draw ad- vantages enough from the great riches which will center his states. Commerce is as certain source*; if you wish to turn away their course you cause them to become dry. There are but profit and convenience which draw strangers among you; if you render commerce less advantageous and less useful, they insensibly withdraw themselves and return no more, because other people) profiting by your imprudence, entice Ub 118 TELEMACIIUS. attirent chez eux, et draw among them, and lcs aucouturnent a se them accustom to themselves passer de vous. to go (to do) without you. Ii faut meme vous It is necessary even to you avouer que dermis que'q to confess that since some ue temps la gloire de Tyr time the glory of Tyre est bicn obscurcie. is very much obscured. Oh! si vous l'aviez vue, Oh! if you it had seen, mon cher Telemaque, avant le legne de Pygmalion, my dear Ttlemachus, before the reign of Pygmalion, vous auriez ete bien plus etonne! Vous ne you would have been very much more astonished! You not trouvez plus maintenant que les tristes restes d'une find more now but the sad remains of a grandeur qui menace ruine. O malheureuxe Tyr! grandeur which threatens ruin. unhappy Tyre! en quelles mains es-tu tombed! autrefois la mer in what hands art thou fa Urn! formerly the sea t'apportojt le tribut de tous les peuples de ia to thee brought the tribute of all the people of the terre. earth. Pygmalion craint tout et des etrangers et de ses Pygmalion fears all and from strangers and from his sujeta. Au lieu d'ouvrir, suivant notre ancienne subjects. In stead of to open, according to our ancient cuutume, ses ports a toutes les nations lcs plus custom, his ports • to all the nations the mest among" them, and accustom them to do without you. I must even confess to you that since some time the glory of Tyre is very much obscured. O, if you had seen it, my dear Telema- chus, before the reign of Pygmalion, you would have been a great deal more astonished! You find here now but the sad remains of a grandeur which threatens ruin. O unhappy Tyre! into what hands art thou fallen! formerly the sea brought to thee the tribute of all nations of the earth. Pygmalion fears every thing as well from strangers as from his subjects. Instead of opening; his ports, according to our ancient custom, to all nations the most TELEM.4CHUS. 119 eloignees, dans une entiere liberte, il vein savcir le remote, in an entire liberty, he wishes to know the non.bre cles vaisseaux qui arrivenl, leur pays, le ■number of the vessels which arrive, their country, the nom c!es hommes qui y sent, leur genre de name of the men who there are, their kind of commerce, la nature et le prix de leurs merchandises; commerce, the nature and the price of their merchandises; et le temps Q'u'iis doivent demeurer ici. II and the time thai they owe, (or are) to remain here. He fait encore pis; car il use de supcrcherie pour does still worse; for he uses of fraud in order surprendre les marchands et pour confisquer leurs to deceive the merchants and inoidtr to confiscate their marchandises. II inquiete les marchands merchandises. He plagues (teazes, harass) the merchants qu'il croit les plus opulents; il etablit, sous divers whom he believes the most opulent; he established, under divers pretextes, de nouveaux impots. 11 veut entrer pretexts, some new dalles. He wishes to enter lui-meme dans le commerce; et tout le monde craint himself in the commerce; and every body fears d'avoir quelque affaire avec lui. Ainsi le commerce of to have some. affair icith him. Thus the commerce languit; les Strangers oublient peu-a-peu le chemin languishes; the strangers forget Utile by little the road de Tyr, qui leur etoit autrefois si doux: et si Pyg- of Tyre, which to them ivas formerly so sweet: and if Pyg- remote in an entire liberty, he wishes to know the number of vessels which arrive^ their country, the names of the men who are in them, their kind of commerce, the nature and the price of their merchandises, aud the lime which they are to stay here. He does still worse; for he uses deceit in order to surprise the merchants and to confiscate their merchandises. He harasses the merchants whom he believed the most opu- lent; he establishes, under divers pretexts, new imposts. He wishes to meddle himself in commerce; and everybody is af- fraid to have any thing to do with him. Thus commerce lan- guishes, the strangers forget by degrees the road to Tyre; which was formerly so agreeable to them; and if Pyg- 120 TLLEMACHUS. itialion ne change de conduite, notre glcire et notre malion not change of conduct, our glory and our puissance seront bientot transporters a quelque autre power will be soon transported to same other peuple mieux ^ouvernes que nous. people bitter governed titan we. Je dema"dai ensuite a Nai-bal comment les Tyriens I demanded afterwards to Narbal how the Tyrians s ? etoient rendus si puissant sor la mer: car je themselves were rendered so powerful upon, the sea: for I voutois u'iymoYcr rien de lout cequi sort au gou- wlshed not be ignorant any thing of all what serves to the go- vernemeni d'on royaume. Nous avons, rne repondit- vernment of a kingdom. We have, to me answered il, les ibrets (hi Liban qui nous fournissent les he, the forests of the Libanum which to us furnish the bois des vaisseaux; et nous les reservons avec soin woods of the vessels; and we them keep with cane pour cet usage: on n'en coupe jamais que pour les for that use: one not of it cuts ever. but for the besoins publics. Pour la construction des vaisseaux, wants public. For the construction of the vtsscls, nous avoiis Favantage d'avoir des ouvriers habiles. we have the advantage cfto have some workmen skilful. Comment, lui disois-je^ avez-vous p\i faire pour How, to him said J, havz you been able to do in order trouvcr ces ouvriers? to find these workmen? malion does not change his conduct, our glory and our power soon shall be transported to some other people better governed than we are. I asked afterwards of ISarbal by what means the Tyrians had rendered themselves so powerful on the sea: fur 1 wished to know every thing- that may be useful to the government of a kingdom. We have, he answered, the forests of Libanum which furnish us with wood for vessels; and we keep them with care for that use: they never cut any but for the public use. As for the construction of vessels, we have the advantage to pos- sess skilful workmen. How, said I to him, have you been able to find out these workmen? TELEMACHUS. 121 lis se sont formes, repondit Narbal, peu-a-peu They themselves are fanned, answered Narhat, little by little s le pays. Quand on recompense bien ceux qui in the country. J thai one recompenses well those who excellent dans les arts, on est siir cFavoir bientot des excel in the arts, one is sure of to have soon some hommes qui les menent a leur derniere perfection; car men who them lead to their last perfection; for # les hommes qui out le plus de sagesse et de talent ne the men icho have the most of wisdom and of talent not manquent point de s* adonner aux arts auxquels will fail of -themselves tu addict to the arts to which les granges recompenses sont attachees. Ici on traite : • peat recompenses are attached. Here one treats avec honneur tons ceux qui reussissent dans les arts with honour cdl those icho succeed in the arts et dans les sciences u'lles a la navigation. On consi- and in the sciences useful to the navigation. One consi- dere un bop geometre; on estime fort un habile ders a good geometer; they esteem very much a skilful astronome, on comble de biens un pilote qui surpasse astronomer j they overload of goods a pilot who excels les au t res dans sa fonction: on ne nieprise point un the ofhers in his function: they not despise a bon charpentier; au contraire, il est bien paye et bien good carpenter; to the contrary, he is well paid and well traite. Les bons rameurs meme ont des recompenses treated. The good rowers even have some recompenses They have formed themselves, replied ]>(arbal, by degrees, in the country. When we recompense well those who excel in the arts, we are sure soon to have men who carry them to their last perfection; for men who possess more wisdom and talents do never fail to devote themselves to the arts to which great recompenses are attached. Here all those who succeed in the arts and in the sciences useful to navigation are treated well. They consider very much a good geometrician; a skil- ful astronomer is in great esteem; they load with rewards, a good pilot, who surpasses the others in his function. A good carpenter is not despised, on the contrary, ho is well paid and well treated. Even the good rowers have rewards, L 122 TELEMACHUS. sures et proportionnees a leurs services; on les nourrit 'sure and proportioned to their services; they them noviisk bien; on a soin d'eux quand iis sent malades; en well; they have care of them ivhen they are sick; in leur absence on a soin de leurs femmes et de leurs their absence one has care of their icives and of their enfants; s'ils perissent dansun nan f rage on dedommage children; if they perish in a shipwreck one indemnify leur famille: on renvoie cbez eux ceux qui ont servi their family: they send back at home those icho have sirvtd un certain temps. Ainsi on en a antant qu'on en a certain time. Thus one of them has as many that one of ilum veut: le pere est ravi cV elever son nls dans am si wants: the father is very glad of to bring up his son in £ so bon metier; et, des sa plus tendre jeunesse, il se good trade; and, from his mist tender youth, he hhnstlf bate de lui enseigner a manier la rame, a tendre hasten of to him to teach to handle the oar, to stretch les cordages, et a mepriser les tempetes. C ? est ainsi, the cordages, and to despise the tempests. Jt is thuc, qu'on mene les hommes, sans contrainte, par la re- that one leads the men, without constraint, by the re- compense et par le bon ordre. L'autorite seule ne compense and by the good order. The authority alone not fait jamais bien; la sou mission des infer ie-urs ne does ever well; the submission of the inferiors not suffit pas; il faut gagner les cceurs, et faire suffices; it is necessary to gain the hearts, and to make sure and proportioned to their services; they are well nourish- ed; they take care of them when they are sick; in their ab- sence great care is taken of their wives and children; if they perish in a shipwreck, they indemnify their family: they send back those who have served a certain time. Thus we have as many of them as we wish: the father is very glad to train up his son to so good a trade; and from his tenderest youth he hastens to teach him how to handle the oar, to stretch the cordages, and to desoise the tempests. It is thus that men are to be led, without constraint, by rewards and good order. The authori- ty alone never do well; the submission of the inferior does not suffice; it is necessary to gain the hearts, and cause TELEMACIIUS. 1-23 trouver aux hommes leur avantage dans les choses to find to men their advantage in the things ou l ? on vent se servir de leur industrie. where the one wishes himself to make use of their industry. A ores ccs discours, Narbal me raena visiter tous After that discourse, Narbal me led to visit all les magasins, les arsenaux, et tous les metiers qui the magazines, the arsenals, and ail the trades which serveut a la construction des navires. Je demandois serve i'i the construction of ships. I demanded le detail des moindres choses, et j'ecrivois tout ce the detail of the least things, and I wrote all that que j'avois agce^, de peur d'oublier quelque circon- which I had learnt, for fear cf to forget some circum- stance utile. stance useful. Cependant Narbal, qui connoissoit However, (in the meanwhile) Narbal, who knew Pygmalion, et qui m'aimoit, attendoit avec impatience Pygmalion, and who me loved, waited with impatience mon. depart, craignant que je ne fusse decouvert my departure, fearing that I no! should he discovered ks espions du roi, qui al!6ient nuit et jour par by Vie spies of the king, who went night and day by toute la ville: mais les vents ne nous permettoient pas all the town: but tfie icinds not us permitted encore de nous ernbarquer. Pendant que nous etions yet of us to embark. Whilst that we were men to find their advantage in the thing's in which they want to mak? use of their industry. After these discourses, Narbal led me to visit all the maga- zines, the arsenals, and all the trades which serve to the con- struction of ships. I demanded the detail of the least thing, and I wro*e all that which 1 had learned, for fear of forgetting some useful circumstance. Meanwhile NaT bal, who knew Pygmalion, and who loved me, Waited with impatience for my departure; fearing lest 1 would be discovered by the spies of the king, who went night and day through the whole city; but the winds did not permit us yet to embark. Whilst that we were 124 TELEMACHUS. occupes a visiter curieusement le port, et a in- occupied to examine curiously the port, and to in- tcrroger clivers marcbands, nous vimes vcrrir a nous terrogate divers merchants, toe saw to come to us un officier de Pygmalion, qui dit a Narbal: le roi vient an officer of Pygmalion, who said to Narbal: the king comes d'apprendre d'un des capiiaines des vaisseaux qui of to learn of one of the captains of the vessels who sont revenus d'Eeypte avec vous, que vousavez amene are come back from Egypt with you, that you have brought un etran^er qui passe pour Cyprien: le roi veut qu'on a stranger who passes for Cyprian : the king desire that one I'arrete, et qu'on saehe certainement* lie quel pays him arrest, and that one can know certainly from what country il est; vous en repondrez sur voire tele. Dans ce nio- he is; you of him answer upon your head. In that mo- ment je m'etbis un peu eloiene pour regarder de ment I myself was a Utile gone a little way for to look of plus presles proportions quclesTyriens avoientgardees more near the proportions which the Tyrians had kept dans la construction d'un vaisseau presque neuf, qui in the construction of a vessel almost neiv, which etoit, disoit-on, par cctie proportion si exacte de toutes mds, said they, by that proportion so exact of all ses parties, le meille'tir voillier qu'on eut jamais vu Us parts, the sailor that one had i . occupied to visit with curiosity the port, several merchants: we saw coming towai Pygmalion, who said to Narbal, the king- has just been informed by one of the captains of the vessels who are rein Egypt with you, that you have brought a stranger \i I i Cyprian: the king wishes that he b r (hat it may be known with certainty from what country he is; you insyver for it on your head. In that momcu little aside to examine nearer the proporl Tyrians kiipt in the construction of a vessel almost new, which was, \t w 7 as said, by that proportion, so e: sailor that h a^ < TELEMACHUS. 125 dans le port; et j'interrogeois Vouvrier qui avpit t,i the port; and I interrogated the workman who had re^Ie cette proportion. regulated that proportion. Narbui, surprls et effraye, repondit: je vais iNhrbtd, surprised und frightened , answered: I am going chercher cet eiranger qui est de I'isle de Cypre, to look for that stranger who is from the isle of Cyprus^ Mais quand ii eut perdu de vue cet ofiicier, il courut But when he had lost of sight this officer, he ran vers riioi pour nTavertir du danger ou j'etois: Je towards tree in order me to inform of the danger where I was: I ne I'avojs que trop prevu, me dit-il, mon cher Tele- nor it had but too much forscen, to me said he, my dear Tele- maque! nous sommes perdus! le roi, que sa defiance machus! we are Lst! the king, whom his diffidence tourmente jour et nuit, soupconne que vous n'etes torments day and night, suspects that you not are pas de Tisle de Cypre; il ordonne qu'on vous arrete: of the isle of Cyprus; he orders that one you arrestsi il veut me faire perir si je ne vous mets entre ses he wants me to make perish if I not you put between his mains. Que ferons-nous? O dieux donnez-nous la hands. What should do we? gods give us the sagesse pour nous tirer de ce peril. II faudra, wisdom in order us io draw from this peril. It shall be necessary, Telemaque, que je vous mene au palais du roi; Telcmachus, that I you lead to the palace of the king; in the port; and I interrogated the constructor who had ruled that proportion. Narbal, surprised and frightened, replied; 1 am going to look for that stranger who is from the island of Cyprus. But when he had lost sight of that officer, he ran to me to inform me of the danger in which I was; 1 had but too well forseen it, said he to me, rny dear Telemachus! we are lost! the king whose diffi- dence torments night and day, suspects that you are not from tiie island of Cyprus; he orders that yod be arrested; he wants to make me perish if I do not put you into his hands. What shall we do? O gods give us wisdom to rescue us from this per- il. It shall be necessary, Telemachus, that i Uke you to the palace of the king; 126 TEh£MM%WS. vous soutiendrez que roils eles Cyprien, de la ville you will sustain that you are Cyprian, of the city cl'Amalljonte, fils d'un statuaire de Venus; je of Amathontes, son of a statuary of Vtnw; I deelarerai que j'ai connu autrefois votre pere; et will declare that Ih'ive known formerly your father; and peut-eire que ie roi, sans approfondir davartag-e, vous may be that the king, without examining any farther, you laissera partir. Je nc vols plus d'auires nioyens de will l In fact, she it persuadtd to Pygmalion, and cor* rompit tous ceux qui auroient pn le detromper. rupted all those who would have been able him to undeceive. Comme il n'aimoit point Ies hornmes veneiix, et As he not loved ..'- the men virtuous, and qu'il ne savoit point les discerner il n'etoit that he not knew thtm to discern he not was environne qxjtds gens interesses, artificieux, piets surrounded but by people interested, artful, ready a execugp ses ordres injustes et sanguinaires. De to execute his orders unjust an I sanguinary. Of telles j^ens craignoient Tautorite d'Astarbe, et ils lui such people feared the authority of Jlstaibe, and he her aidoient a tromper le roi de peur de deplaire a cette helped to deceive the king of fear of to displease to that fern me hautaine qui avoit toute sa confiance. Ainsi woman haughty who had all his confidence. Thus jealousy of the king*. Astarbe, feeling* herself despised, gave herself up to her resentment. In her despair, she imagined that she might, make Malachon pass for the stranger, whom the king caused to be searched, and who, thev say, bad come with Narbal. In fact, she persuaded it to Pygmalion, and corrupted all those who might have been able to undeceive him. As he did not love the virtuous men, and that he did not know how to distinguish, he was surrounded but by people interested, artful, ready to execute his most unjust and bloody orders. Such people feared the authority «.>f Astarbe, and they helped her to deceive the king, through fear of displeasing that haughty wo- man, who had all his confidence. Thus 13& TELEMACnt7S.lt Malachon, q connu pour Lydten M.ilachon, although known for ^ $* ville, passa pour lc jenne etra»>er que Narbal avoit city, passed for the young stranger whom Narbal had amene "d'Egypte; et fnt mis en prison. brought from Egypt; and was put in prison. Astarbe, qui craKgrioit que Narbal n'allat parler an Aslarbe, who fared that Narbal not went to speak to the roi et ne decouvrit son imposture, envoya en deli- king and not discovered her impo'ture, sent in dili- gence a Narbal cet officier, qui iui dit res parole-: gence to Narbal this officer, who to him said these xconh: Astarbe vous defend de decouvrir au roi quel est Astarbe -, you forbids of to discover to the king who votre etranger; clle ne vous demande que le silence, your stranger; she not you demand but the silence, et elle saura bien faire en sorte que le roi soit con- and she will know well to do so that the king be con- tent cle vous: cependant, hate z- vous de falre embarquer tent of you: however, hapten you of to make embark avec Irs Cypriens le jeune etranger queilrous avez with the Cyprians the^ young stranger whom you have amene d'Egyptc, arm qu'on ne le voie plus dans la brought from Egypt, in order that one not him see more in the ville. Narbal, ravi de pouvoir ainsi sauver sa city. Narbal, very glad of to be able thus to save his vie et la mienne, promit de se taire; et Foffi- life and the mine, promised of himself to I e silent; and the offi- Malachon, although known over all the city for a I ydian, pass- ed for 1 be young stranger vviiom Narbal had brought from Egypt; he was pat in prison Astarbe, who feared least Narbal would all for la vertu. the virtue. Nous regardions avec horreur un roi livre a We looked with horror a king delivered up to Pavarice et a la volupte. Celui aui craint avec tant the avarice and to the voluptuousness. He who fears with so much d'exces d'etre trompe, disions-nous, merite de Petre, of excesses of to be deceived, did we say, merits of it to he , et Test presque toujours grossierement. II se and it is almost always grossly. ±He himself defie des gens de bien et s' abandonne a des distrusts of the people of gocd and himself abandons to some scelerats: il est le seul qui ignore ce qui se iciclctdmen: he is the single one who is ignorant that which itself passe. Voyez Pygmalion; ii est le jouet d'une femme passes. See Pygmalion; he is the sport of a woman cer, being satisfied to have obtained what he demanded, re- turned to give an account to Astarbe of his commission. We both, Narbai and 1, admired the goodness of the gods who rewarded our sincerity, and who take so tender a care of those who hazard every thing for the sake of virtue. We looked with horror upon that king, abandoned to avarice and voluptuousness. He who fears to such an excess to be de- ceived, said we, merits to be so, and he is always grossly so. He distrust* upright men, and gives himself up to the wicked; he is the only one who is ignorant of what passes. See Pygma* lion, he is the sport of a shameless woman. M 134 TELEMACHUS. sans pudeur. Cependant les dieux se servent without modesty. However the gods themselves use du mensonge des mechants pour sauver les bons, of the lie of the wicked in order to save the good. qui aiment mieux perdre la vie que de mentir. who love better to lose the life than of to lie. En meme temps nous apperciimes que les vents M the same time we perceived that the winds changebient, et qu'ils devejpoient favorables aux changed, and thatihey becjume favourable to the vaisseaux de Cypre. Les dieux se declarers! vessels $& Cyprus. The gods themselves declare! s' ecria Narbal; ils yeulent, mon cher Tel4ma- himself cried Narbal; they are willing, my dear Telnna- que, vous rnettre en surete: fuyez cette terre cruelle chus, you to put in safety: Jly this land cruel et maudite. Heureux qui pourroit vous suivre and cursed. Happy who could you to follow jusques dans les rivages les plus inconnus! heureux even to in the shores the most unknown! happy qui pourroit vivre et mourir avec vous! Mais un who couM live and die with you! But a destin severe m'attache a cette rnalheureuse patrie; destiny severe me attaches to this unhappy country; 11 faut souffrir avec elle: peut-etre faudra-t-il it is necessary to suffer ivilh it: perhaps shall it be necessary etre enseveli clans ses ruines; n'importe, pourvu to be buried in its ruins; no matter, provided However, the gods make use of the falsehood of the wicked to save the good, who choose rather to lose their life than to tell a lie. In the mean while we perceived that the winds had changed, and that they became favourable to the vessels of Cyprus. The gods are declaring themselves! cried Narbal; they wish, my dear Telemachus, to put you in a place of safety; fly this cruel and cursed earth. Happy those who could follow you even to the *hor< -s the most unknown! happy he who could live and die with y»>u! but a severe destiny attaches me to this unhappy country; 1 must suffer with it: it may perhaps be necessary that I be buried in its ruins; no matter, provided TELEMACHCS. _ m 135 que je dise toujours la verite, et que coeur n'aime that I say always the truth, and my*^ heart not loves que la jusiice. Pour vous, 6 mon cher Telemaque, but the justice. For you, my dear Telemachus, je prie les dieux, qui vous conduisent conime par / pray the gods, who you conduct as by la main, de vous accorder le plus precieux de tous the hand, of to you grant the most precious of all les dons, qui est la vertu pure et sans tache, jusqu' the gifts, which is the virtue pure and without spots, even a la mort. Vivez, retournez en Ithaque, consolez to the death. Live, return into Ithaca, consolate votre mere Penelope, deiivrez-la de ses temeraires your mother Penelope, deliver her from her rash amants. Que vos yeux puissent voir, que- vos mains lovers. *\lay your eyes be able to see, may your hands puissent embrasser le sage UJysse; et qu'il trouve be able to embrace the wise Ulysses; and may he find en vous un ii Is qui egale sa sagesse! Mais dans votre in you a son who equal his icisdom! But in your bonheur souvenez-vous du malheureux Narhal, et happiness remember you of the unhappy Narbal, and ne cessez jamais de m'aimer. not cease ever of me to love. Quand il eut acheve ces paroles, je Parrosai de When he had finished these words, I him bedewed of mes larmes sans lui re oondre: de profonds my tears without to him to answer; some profound I always tell the truth, and that my heart love nothing- more than justice. As for you, O my dear Telemachus, I pray the gods, that they, who lead you as by the hands, to grant you the most precious of all gifts, which is virtue, pure and without spots, even unto death. Live, return to Ithaca, console your mother Pe- nelope, and deliver her from her rash lovers. May your eyes see, may your hands embrace the wise Ulysses; and may he find in \ou a son who equals him in wisdom! but in your happiness remember the unhappy Narbal, and never cease to love me. When he had finished these words, I bedewed him with my tears, without being able to answer him: deep 136 TELCMACHUS. . •***/> soupirs m*empechoient fie parler; nous nous em sighs me prevented of to speak: ice ourselves em- brassions en silence. 11 tne mena jusqu'au vaisseau; braced in silence. Heme led even to the vessel; il demeura sur le rivage; et quand Je vaisseau fut he remained upon the shore; and when the vessel was parti, nous ne cessions de nous regarder tandis que gone, we not ceased of us to look whilst that nous pumes nous voir. we were able us to see. sighs prevented me from speaking*: we embraced one another in silence. He led me to the vessel; lie remained on the shore; and when the vessel was gone, we did not cease to iook as long as we could see one a-nother. END OF BOOK THIRD. BOOK IV. TRANSLATION OF WORDS. Calypso, qui avoit ete jusqu'a ce moment immobile et Calypso, who had been until to that moment motionless and transportee de plaisir en ecoutant les aventures de transported of pleasure in listening to the adventures of Telemaque, Finterrompit pour lui faire prendre TelemachuSy him interrupted in order to him to make take quelque repos. II est temps, lui dit-elle, que vous some repose. It is time, to him said she, that you alliez gouter la douceur du sommeil apres tant should go to taste the siveetness of the sleep after so many de travaux. Vous n'avez rien a craindre ici: tout of toils. You not have any thing to fear here: all vous est favorable. Abandonnez-vous done a la to you is favourable. Abandon yourself therefore to the joie; goutez la paix et tous les autres dons des dieux joy; taste the peace and all the other gifts of the gods TRANSLATION OF IDEAS. Calypso, who had been, until that moment, motionless, and transported with pleasure in listening- to the adventures of Te- lemachus, interrupted him to make him take some repose. It is time, said she to him, that you should go to taste the sweet- ness of sleep after so many toils. You have nothing- to fear, every thing- is favourable to you here. Give yourself up, there- fore, to joy; relish peace, and all the other gifts of the gods, m2 138 TELEMACHUS. dont vous allez etre comble. Demain, quand l'Aa- of which you are going to be loaded. To-morrow, when the Jiu- rore avec ses chngts de roses entr'ouvrira les portes rora with her fingers of roses will have open the gates- doreesde i'Orient, et que les chevaux du soleil,sortant gilded of the East j and that the horses of the sun, going cut de Tonde amere, repandiont les flammes du jour of the wave bitter, will spread the flames of the day pour chasser devant eux toutes les etoiles du ciel, for to drive before them all the stars of the heaven, nous rep rend rons, mon cher Telemaque, Thistoire de vie shall resume, my dear Telemachxts, the history of vos malheurs. Jamais voire pere n\a egale votre your misfortunes. Ever your father not has equalled your sagesse et votre courage; ni Achiile, vainqueur d'Hec- vnsilom and your courage; nor Achilles, conqueror of Hec- tor, ni Thesee, revenu des enfers, ni menie le grand tor, nor Theseus, returned of hell, nor even the great Alcide, qui a purge la terre de tant de monstres, Mcides, who has purged the earth of so many of monsters, n'ont fait voir autant de force et de vertu que not have caused to see so much of strength and of virtue than vous. Je souhaite qu'un profond sommeil vous rende you. I wish that a profound sleep to you render cette nuit courte. Mais, helas! qu'elle sera 16ngue this night short. But, alasl how it will be long pour moil qu'il me tardera de vous revoir, de for me! how it, tome will delay of you to see again, of with which you are going to be abundantly gifted. To-morrow, when Aurora with her rosy fingers will opeu the gilded gates of the east, and that the horses of the sun, corning out of the briny waves, will spread the flames of the day to drive before them all the stars of heaven, we shall resume, my dear Telemachus, the history of your misfortunes. Never has your father equal- led your wisdom and your courage; nor Achilles, who conquer- ed Hector, nor Theseus, returned from hell, nor even the great Alcides, who purged the earth of so mauy monsters, have ^eeo so much the force of virtue as you. 1 wish that a profound sleep may render this night short to you. But, alas! Uow long shall it be for me! how shall I long to see you again, TELEMACHUS. 139 vous entendre, de vous faire redire ee que je sais you Itear, of you make to say over again that which I know deja, et de vousdemander ee que je ne sais pas encore! already, and of you to demand that which I not know yet! Allez, man cher Teieaiaque, avec ie sage Mentor que Go, my dear Telemachus, with the wise Mentor whom les dieux vous ont rendu, allez dans cette grotte the gods to you have restored, go into this grotto ecartee, ou tout est prepare pour votre repos. Je remote, where ail is prepared for your repose* I prie Morphee de repandre ses plus doux charmes sur pray Morpheus of to pour his more sweet charms upon vos paupieres appesanties, de faire couler une va- your eyelids made heavy, of to make flow a . va~ peur divine dans tous vos membres fatigues, et de vous pour divine into all your members fatigued, and of to you eiivoyer des songes legers, qui, voltigeaut autour de to send some dreams light, who, hovering around of vous, flattent vos sens par les images les plus riantes, you, may flutter your senses by some images the most smiling, et repoussent loin de vous tout ce qui pourroit vous and repel for of you all that which might you reveiller trop prom pie ment. to awake too quickly. La deesse conduisit elle-meme Telemaque dans The goddess conducted she herself Teltmachus into une grotte separee de la sienne, Elie n'etoit ni a grotto separated from her own. It notiuas nor 1 to hear you, to make you say over again what I already know, and to asfc you what 1 do not yet know! Go, iny dear Teierna- chus, with the wise Mentor, whom the gods have restored to you, go to that remote grotto, where every thing is prepared for your repose. I pray Morpheus to spread over your heavy eye-lids his sweetest charms, to cause a divine vapour to flow through all your fatigued limbs, and to send light dreams to you, which, hovering around you, may flatter your senses by the most agreeable images, and repel far from you all that which might awake you too suddenly. The goddess herself conducted Telemachus into a grotto separate from her own. It was not 140 TELEMACHUS. moins rustique ni moins agreablc. Une fbntaine, qui less rustic nor less agreeable. A fountain , which couloit dans un coin, y faisoit un doux murmure flowed in a corner, there made a sweet murmur qui appeloit le sommeil.Lesnymphes y avoient prepare which called the sleep. The nymphs there had prepared deux lits d'une molle verdure, sur lesquels elles two beds of a soft verdure, upon which they avoient etendu deux grandes peaux, l'une de iion pour had spread two large skins, the one of lion for Telemaque, et l'autre d'ours pour Mentor. Telemachus, and the other of bear for Mentor. Avant que de laisser fermer ses yeux au sommeil, Before that of to let to shut his eyes to the sleep, Mentor parla ainsi a Telemaque: le plaisirde raconter Mentor spoke thus to Telemachus: the pleasure of to relate vos histoires vous a entraine; vous avez charine la your history you has hurried away; you have charmed the deesse en lui explicjuant -les dangers dont votre goddess in to her explaining the dangers of which your courage et votre industrie vous out tire: par la courage and your industry you have drawn out: by there vous n'avez fait qu'enflammer davantage {or there by) you not have done but to enflaine so much more son coeur, et que vous preparer une plus dangereuse her heart, and that to you to prepare a more dangerous captivite. Comment esperez-vous qu'elle vous laisse captivity. How do you hope that she you let less rustic nor less agreeable. A fountain which flowed in a corner, made there a sweet murmur, which invited to sleep. The nymphs had prepared there two bedi> of solid verdure, upon which they had spread two large skins, one of a lion, for Telemachus, and another of a bear, for Meutor. Before that Mentor suffered sleep to close his eyes, he spoke thus to Telemachus: the pleasure of relating your histories hurried you away; you have charmed the goddess in explain- ing to her the dangers from which your courage and your in- dustry have rescued you; you have thereby enfiamed her heart, and prepared a more dangerous captivity to you.. How can you hope that she will sutler TELEMACI1U3. 141 maintenant sortir de son isle. von s qui Tavez enchantee par now go out of her isle, you wh.G her have enchanted sby ie reck de vos averrtures? L'amourd'une vaine g\ orjte the recital of your adventures? The love of a vain glory vous a fait parler sans prudence. E!ie s'etoit you has made speak without prudence. She herself was engagee a vous raconter des hi^toires, et a vous engaged to you to relate some histories, and to you apprendre quelle a ete la destinee ci'Uiysse; elle a to instruct what has been the destiny of Ulysses; she has tronve moyen de parler long-temps sans rien dire, found means of to speak longtime without not hivf tosay, et elle vous a engage a lui expliquer tout ce qu'elle and she you has engaged to her to explain all that which she desire savoir: tel esi 1'art des femmes flateuses et wish to know: such is the art of xoomen flattering and passionnees. Quand est ce, 6 Telemaque, que vous passionate. IViten is it t Telemachus, that you serez assez sage pour ne jamais parler par vanite; shall be enough wise for not ever to speak by vanity; et que vous saurez taire tout ce qni vous and that you will be able to be silent all that which to you est avantageux, quand il rrest pas utile a dire? Les is advantageous, when it not is useful to tell? The autres admirent votre sagesse dans un age ou il others admire your wisdom in a age in which it est pardonnable d'en manquerfVKmr moi, je ne puis is pardonable of it to want: Mfor me, J not am able you to go out of her isle, you who have eDchanted her by the recital of your adventures? the love of vain glory has made you speak without prudence. She had engaged herself to relate to you stories, and to inform you what may have been the destiny of Ulysses: she has found means to speak a long while without saving any thing; and she has engaged you to explain to her all she desires to know; such is the art of flatter- ing arid passionate women. When is it, O Telemachus*, that you wiil be wise enough never to speak out ot vanity; and that you will know how to be silent upon all that which is advan- tageous to you? the others admire your wisdom in an age when the want of it is pardonable; as for me, 1 cannot 142 TELEMACHUS. vous pardonner rien; Je suis le seul qui vous you+ to pardon any thing; I am the only one who you cSnnoisse, et qui vous aime <-ssez pour vous avertir know, and who you love enough for you to inform de toutes vos fautes. Combien etes-vous encore eloigne of all your faults. How far are you still remote de la sagesse de votre pere! of the xoisdom of your father! Quoi done! repondit Telernaque pouvois-je refuser What then! replied Telemachus could I refuse a Calypso de lui raconter mes malheurs? Non, to Calypso of to her to relate my misfortunes? «M>, reprit Ivlentor, il falloit les lui raconter: mais resumed Mentor, it was necessary them to her to relate: but vous deviez le faire en ne lui disant que ce qui you ought it to do in not to her saying but that which pouvoit lui donner de la compassion. Vous pouviez could to her to give of the compassion. You might lui dire que vous aviez ete, tantot errant, tantot to her to say that you had been, sometimes wandering, sometimes captif en Sicile, puis en Egypte. C'etoit lui en captive in Sicily, then in Egypt. h was to her of it dire assez: et tout le reste n'a servi qu'a aug- tosay enough: and all the rest not has serted but to aug- menter le poison qui brule deja son cceur. Plaise ment the poison which burns already her heart. May it please pardon you any' thing; I am the only one who knows you, and who loves you enough to inform you of your faults. How far are you yet from the wisdom of your father. What then! replied Telemachus, could I refuse to Calypso to relate my misfortunes to her? No, replied Mentor, it was necessary to relate them to her; but you ought to do it in tell- ing that which would excite her compassion. You might tell her that you had been sometime wandering, sometime a cap- tive in Sicily, then in Egypt. It would have been saying enough: and all the rest has served hut to increase the poison which burns already her heart. Would TELEMACHUS. 143 aux dieux qne le votre puisse s' en to the gods that the your can, (may be able) itself from it preserver. to preserve. Mais que ferai-je done? continua Telemaque d'un But what shall I do then? continued Ttlemachus of a ton modere et docile. Ii n'est plus temps, repartit tone moderate and docile. It not is more time, replied Meritor* de lui cacher cequi reste de vos aven- Jl£tntor % of to her to conceal what remains of your adven- tu. ■■--: elle en sait assez pour ne pouvoir etre tures: she of them knows enough for not to be able to be troriipee sur ce qu'elle ne sait pas encore; votre re- deceived on that which she not knows step yet; your re- serve ne serviroit qu'a Pirriter. Achevejz done serve not would serve but to her irritate. Finish therefore demain de iui racorter tout ce que ies dieux ont to morrow of to her to relate all that what the god? have fait en votre faveur, et apprenez un autre fois made (or done) in your favour, and learn an other time a parler plus subrement de tout ce qui peut vous to speak more soberly of all that which can to you attii-er qudques iouanges. to draw some praises* Teletnaque recut avee amitie un sibon conseil, et ils Telemachus received with friendship a so good counsel; and they se coucherent. themselves laid down. to the frods that you may be preserved from it! But what shall ' do then? continued Telemachus, with a moderate and docile tone. It is too late, replied Mentor, to conceal from her what remains of you ^ ^Hvnturcs: she knows so much of them, that it will be impose ir.L- to deceive her upon what she does not yet know; your r >uld serve onl} to ir- ritate her. Finish, therefore, to-morrow, to relate to her what the gods have doue in your favour, and learn another time to speak with more moderation on all that which may draw praises upon you. Telemachus received with friendship so good a counsel, and they laid themselves down. 144 TELEMACHUS. Aussitot que Phebus eut repaiidu ses premiers »3s soon as Phoebus had spread his first rayons sur la terre, Mentor, entendant la voix de la rays upon the earth, Mentor, hearing the voice of the deesse, qui appeloit ses nymphes dans le bois, eveilla goddess, who called her nymphs in the wood, awoke Telemaque. U est temps, lui dit-i^ de vaincre le Telemachus. It is time, tc him said he, of to conquer the someih Allons retrouver Calypso: mais defi^z- vous sleep. Let us go to find again Calypso: but district you de ses douces paroles; \>t lui ouvrez jamais votre of her sioeet words; not to her on-u eier your coeur; cmgnez le porsori flatten r de ses louai heart; fear the poison faltering of her pr<: Hier eile vous eleven au-dessus de votre sa$j;e pere, Yesterday she. you elevated above of your wise father, de 1'invincible Achilie, du fameux Thesee, d'Her- of the invincible Millies, of the famous Theseus, of Her - cule devenu immortel. Sentites-vous combien cette cules become immortal. Did T you feel how much that Jouange est excessive? Crutes-vous ce qu'elle praise is extravagant? Believed you that wJdch she disoit? Sachez qu'elle ne le croit pas elle-meme: said? Know that she not it believe herself: elle ne vous loue qu'a cause qu'elle vous croit foible she not you praises but because that she you believes weak As soon as Phebus had spread his first rays upon the earlh, Mentor, hearing- the voice of the goddess, who called her nymphs in the wood, awoke Telemachus. It is time, said he, to conquer sleep. Let us go to meet C.'Iypso; but distrust her sweet words; never open your heart toiler; fear the flattering poison of her praises. Yesterday she raised you above your wise father, of the invincible Achilles, of the famous Theseus, of Hercules become immortak Did you feel how exce that praise is? Did you believe what she said? Know that sht does not believe it herself: she praises you only because she believes you weak TELEMACHUS, 145 et asscz vain pour vous laisser tromper par des end enough vain for you to suffer to deceive by some louanges disproportionnees a vos actions. piaises disproportioned to your actions. Apres ces paroles, ils allerent au lieu ou la Jffter these words, they went to the place where the deesse les attendant. Eile sourit en les voyant, et Itss than waited. She smiled in them seeing, and caciia, sous line apparence de joie, la crainte et concealed, under an appearance of joy, the fear and 1'iinuietude qui troubloient son cceur; car elle disquietude which disturbed her heart; for she prevoyoit que Telemaquc, conduit par Mentor, lui foresaw that Telemachus, conducted by Mentor, from her echapperoit de meme qu'Uiysse. Hatez-vous, dit- wculd escape of the same as Ulysses. Hasten yon, said elle, mon cher Telemaque, de satisfaire ma curiosite; she, my dear Telemachus, of to satisfy my curiosity; j'ai cru, pendant toute la nuit, vous voir partir / have believed, during all the night, you to see depart de Phenicie et chercher une nouvelle destinee dans of Phenicia and to seek a new destiny in Pisie de Cypre: dites-nous done quel fut ce voyage, the isle of Cyprus: ttll us then what was this voyage, et ne perdons pas un moment. Alors on s'assit and not let us lose a moment. Then they themselves seated and vain enough to suffer yourself to be deceived by praises disproportioned to your actions. After these words, they went to the place where the god- dess waited for them, she smiled in seeing them, aod concealed, under an appearance of joy, fears and cares which disturbed her heart; for she foresaw that Telemachus, conducted by Mentor, would escape from her the same as Ulysses. Make haste, said she. my dear Telemachus, to satisfy my curiosity; 1 have believed, during the whole night, to see you depart from Phenicia and to seek a new destiny in the isle of Cyprus; tell us then what this voyage was, and let us not lose a mo- ment. Then they seated themselves down N 146 TELEMACIIUS. sur Fherbe, semee de violcttes, a l'ombre d'un upon the grass, sown ivith violets, under the shade of a Socage epais. grove thick. Calypso ne pouvoit s'empecher de jetter Calypso not leasable herself to prevent of to cast sans cesse des regards tendres et passiormes sur without ceasing some looks tender and passionate upon Telemaque, et de voir avec indignation que Men- Telemachvs, and of tc see with indignation that Men- tor observoit jusqu'au moindre mouvement de ses yeux. tor observed even to last movement of her eyes. Cependant toutes les nyrnphes en silence se However all the nymphs in silence themselves pencboient pour preter 1'creilJe, et faisoient une leaned forwards for to lend the ear, and made a espece de demi-cercle pour jmieux ecouter et pour kind of semicircle for the better to listen and for rnieux voir; les yeux de toute Fassemblee etoient the better to see; the eyes of all the assembly were immobiles et attaches sur Ie jeune homme. motionless and fixed upon the young man. Telemaque baissant les yeux, et rougissant avec Telemachus casting dewn the eyes, and blushing with beaucoup de grace, reprit ainsi la suite de son a great deal of grace, resumed thus the sequel of his histoire. history. Upon the grass, planted with violets, under the shade of a thick grove. Calypso could not prevent herself from casting, continually, tender and passionate looks on Telemachus, and seeing, with indignation, that Mentor observed even the least motion of her eyes. However, all the nymphs bent themselves forwards in silence, in order to hear, and made a kind of semi-circle, the better to listen and to see: the eyes of the assembly were immovable and fixed upon the young man. Telemachus, casting down his eyes, aud blushing with much grace, resumed thus the sequel of his story; TETLEMACHUS. 147 Apeine lc doux souffle d Am vent favorable avqit Hardly the sweet breath of a wind favourable had rempli nos voiles, que la terre de Phenicie disparut filled up our sails, than the earth of Phenicia disappeared a nos yeux. Comme j'etois avec les Cvpriens, dont to our eyes. As I was with the Cyprians,- of whom j'ignorais les moeurs, je me resolus de me twits ignorant the manners, J myself resolved of me taire, de remarquer tout, et d'observer toutes les to be silent, of to remark all, and of to observe all the regies de la discretion pour gagner leur estime. rules of the discretion in order to gain their esteem. Mais pendant inon silence un sommeil doux et But during my silence a sleep sweet and puissant vint me saisir: mes sens etoient lies et sus- powerful came me to seize : my senses were bound and sus- pendus; je goiitois une paix et une joie profonde qui pended; I tasted a peace and a joy profound which enivroit mon cceur. inebriated my heart. Tout-a-coup je crus voir Venus qui All at a blow (or suddenly) I thought to see Venus who fendoit les nues dans son char volant conduit par cleft the clouds in her chariot flying conducted by deux colombes. Elle avbit cette eclatante beaute, two doves. She had that shining beauty, cette vive jeunesse, ces graces tendres, qui parurent that lively youth, those graces tender, which appeared Hardly had the sweet breath of a favourable wind filled up rur sails, than the land of Phenicia disappeared from our eyes, As I was with Cyprians, of the manners of whom I was ignoiant, I resolved to keep myself silent, to remark every thing-, and to observe all the rules of discretion, in order to merit their es- teem. But during- my silence, a sweet and powerful sleep came over me: my senses were bound and suspended; I tasted a peace and a profound jov which intoxicated my heart. Suddenly I thought i perceived Venus, who cleft the clouds in her flying chariot, conducted by two doves. She had that brilliancy of beauty, that lively youth, those tender graces, which appeared 148 TELEMACHUS. en elle quand elle sortit de l'ecume de l'ocean et in her when she come out of the foam of the ocean and qu'elle eblouit lcs yeux de Jupiter meme. Elle de- thatshe dazzled the eyes of Jupiter himself. She de- scendit d'un vol rapide jusqu'aupres de moi, me mit scended of a flight rapid even to near cf me, on me put en souriant la main sur I-'epaule. et mc nommant par in smiling the hand upon the shoulder, and me naming by rnon nom, prononca ces paroles: Jeune Grec, U\ my name, uttered these icords: Young Greek, thou vas enlrer dans mon empire; tu arriveras bicnvot art going to enter into my empire; thou ?hall arrive scon dans cette isle fortunee ou les plaisirs, les Hs, les 'into that island fortunate where the pleasures, the sm£U% the jeux foi&tres naissent sous mes pas. La, tu brOi plays wanton rise under my steps. There, thcu shall bum des parfums sur mes autels; la, je te plott&erai some perfumes upon my altars; there, J thee shall plunge dans un fleuve de delices. Ouvre ton cceur into a river of ddigh- fulness. Open ihy heart to the plus douces esperances; et garde -toi bfen de most sweet hopes; and take great care thou fe sister a la plus puissante de toutes les deesses. *o resist to the most powerful cf all the goddesses. vent te rend re henrcux. wishes thee to render happ En meme temps j'appergus Fenfant Cupidon, dont At the same time 1 perceived the child Cupid, ofxohom in Iter when she came out of the foam of the ocean, and when ■iazzledevcn the. eyes of Jupiter. ^!io descended with a rapid dig-ht towards me, put her hand upon my shoulder, smilinpr, and. naming me by my name, nth &poV young- Greek, thou art ^ointr to enter into my island; thou wilt arrive soon into- that fortunate island, where ftleasuresvsihiles, and wa sports, ri*e under my steps. There thou shalt hum perfumes upon my altars; there J shall plunge thee into a river of delight. Open thy heart to the sweetest hopes; and beware of iv ing the most powerful of all the goddesses, whose pleasures are to make thee happy* At the same time I perceived the child Cupid, whose TELEMACHUS. 149 Jes petites ailes s' aghant le faisoicnt voler autour the small icings themselves agitating him made fly around de sa mere, Quoiqu'il cut sur son visage la ten- of his mother. Although he had upon his face the ten- dresse, ies graces, Tcnjouement de Tenfance, ii avoit derness, the graces, the sprightliness of the infancy, he had je ne sais quoi dans ses yeux percants qui me faisoit / not know ichat in his eyes piercing which me made peur. II riolt en me regardant; son ris etoit ma- off raid. He laughed in me looking; his laugh ivas ma- lm, moqueur et cruel. II tira de son carquois licious, mocking and cruel. lie drew out of his quiver d'or la plus aigue de ses fleches, il banda son arc, of gold the most sharp of his arroivs, he bent his bow. et alloit me percer, qtiand Minerve se montra and went me to pierce, when Minerva herself showed soudainement, pour me couvrir de son egide. Le suddenly, in order me to cover of her ozgis. The visage de cette deesse n'avoit point cette beaute molle visage of that goddess not had that beauty soft et cette langueur passionnee que j'avois remarquee and that languor passionate which I had remarked dans le visage et dans la posture de Venus. C'etoit in the visage and in the posture of Venus. It was au contraire une beaute simple, negligee, morleste; to the contrary a beauty stoiple, neglected, modest: tout etoit grave, vigoureux, noble, plein de force et de all was grave, vigorous, noble, full of force and of little wings being* agitated, made him fly around his mother. Al- though he had upon his face the tenderness, the graces, the sprightliness of infancy, he had, I do not know what, in his piercing eyes which made me afraid. He laughed in looking at me; his laugh was malicious, mocking and cruel. He drew out of his golden quiver the sharpest of his arrows, he bent his bow, and was going to pierce mc, when iVIinerva suddenly showed herself in order to cover me with her aegis. The vi- sage of this goddess had not that soft beauty and passionate lan- gour which I had observed in the visage and in the posture of Venus. Jt was, on the contrary, a simple, neglected, modest beauty; all was grave, vigorous, noble, full of force and jn 2 150 TELEMACHUS. Hiageste. La fleche de Cupidon, ne pouvant pcrcer majesty. The arroiv of Cupid, not being able to piercf l'egide, tomba par terre. Cupidon, indigne, en the aegis, fell by the earth. Cupid, exasperated, fi soupira amerement; il eut honte de se voir sighed bitterly; he was ashamed of himself to see vaincu. Loin d'ici, s'ecria Minerve, loin d*iei conquered. Far from here } herself ciied Minerva, far from her- temeraire enfant! tu ne vaincras jamais que des rash child! thou not v:ill conquer ever but ames laches, qui aiment mieux tes honteux plaisirs souls vile, who love better thy shamfful pk-rr que la sagesse, la vertu et la gioire. than the wisdom, the virtue and the glory. A ces mots Tarnour irrite s 9 envola; et Venus At these words the love irritated himstlffud away; and Venus remontant vers l'OJympe, je vis long temps son char remounting towards the Olympus, J saw long lime her chariot avec ses deux colombes dans une nuee d'or et d'azur; with her two doves in a cloud vf gold and oj azure; puis elle disparut. En baissant mes yeux vers then she disappeared. In casting down my eyis towards la terrc, je ne retrouvai plus Minerve. 'he earth, I not found any more Minerva. \\ me sembla que j'etois transports dans un jardin It to me seemed that I was transported in a garden delicieux, tel qu'on depeint les champs elys€jk En delightful, such as they depict the fields Elysians. In sty. The arrow of Cupid, not being able to pierce through he aegis, fell down upon the ground. Cupid, exasperated, sighed bitterly for it; he was ashamed to see himself conquer- ed. Begone, cried Minerva, begone rash child! thou shalt never conquer but vile souls, who love better thy shameful sures than wisdom, virtue, and glory. At these words Love, irritated, iled away; and Venus reas- -ending towards Olympus, I saw a long time her chariot, with vo doves, in a cloud of gold and azure; then she disappear- In casting down my eyes, I no longer found Minerva. . It seemed to me that i was transported into a delightful gar \ such as they describe p fields. In TELEMACIIUS. 151 ce lieu je reconmts Mentor, qui me dit: fuyez cette place I recognised Mentor, ivho to me said; fry this cruelle terre, cette isle empestee, ou l'on ne cruel this isle 'pestiferous, where the one not respire que la volupte. La vertu la plus breathes but the voluptuousness. The virtue the more courrageuse y doit trembler, et ne se peutsauver courageous there enres to tremble, and not itself can save qu'en fuyant. Des que je le vis je voulus me •is soon as I him saic I ivas willing myself jeter a son ecu pour l'embrasser; mais je sentois to cast to his neck in order him io embrace; but 1 felt que mes pieds ne pouvoient se roouvoir, que that my feet not weie able themselves to move, that mes gencux se cieroboient sous moi, et que knees themselves sU.h from undtr me, and that mes mains s' eft ore ant de saisir Mentor, my hands themselves endeavouring of to seize Mentor, cherchoient unc ombre value qui m'echappoit toujours. a shadow vain which from me escaped always. Dans cet effort je m'eveillai; et je connus que ce -In that effort I myself awoke; and I knew that this songe mysierieux etoit uu avertissement divin. Je dream mysterious was a warning divine. J me semis plein de courage contre les plaisirs ct fctt fuM °S courage against the pleasures and de defiance contre moi-meme pour detester la vie of diffidence against myself for to detest the life molle des Cypriens. Mais ce qui me perca le soft of the Cyprians. But that which io me pierced the this place I recognised Mentor, who said to me: fly this cruel [and, this pestiferous isle, where they breathe nothing- but vo- luptuousness. Virtue the most courageous must tremble here, auJ cannot escape but by digbt. As soon as 1 saw him I wish- ed to cast myself on his neck to embrace him; but I felt that my feet could not move, that my knees failed under me, and that my hands, endeavouring to seize Mentor, sought but a vain shadow which escaped me always. 1 awoke in that effort; and 1 recognised that this mysterious dream was a divine ad- monition. I felt myself full of courage again&t the pleasures, with a diffidence of myself, to detest the effeminate life of the Cyprians. But what pierced me to the 152 TELEMACHUS. eoeur fut que je cms que Mentor avoit perdu la heart toas that I thought that Mentor had lest his vie, et qu'ayant passe les ondes du Styx, il habitoit life, and that having passed the roams of the Styx, he inhabited Fheureux sejour des amesjustes. the happy sojourn of the souls just. Cette pensee me fit repandre un torrent de larmes. That thought me made shed a toirent of tears. On me demanda pourquoi je pieurois. Les larmes, They to me demanded why I wept. The tears, repondis-je, ne conviennent que trop a un malheureux answered I, not accord but too much to one unhappy etranger qui erre sans esperance de revoir sa stranger who wanders without hopes of to see again his patrie. Cependant, tous les Cypriens qui etoient dans country. In the meanwhile, all the Cyprians who were in le vaisseau s' abandonnoient a une fulle joie. the vessel themselves abandoned to a mad joy. Les rameurs, ennemis du travail, s' endormoient The rowers, enemies of ivork, themselves slept sur leurs rames; le pilote, couronne de fleurs, laissoit upon their oars; the pilot, crowned of flowers, left le gouvernail, et tenoit en sa main une grande cruche the rudder, and held in his hand a large pitcher de vin qu'il avoit presque videe; lui et tous les of wine which he had almost emptied; he and all the autres, troubles par la fureur de Bacchus, chant6ient others, troubled by the fury of Bacchus, sung heart was, that I believed that Mentor had lost his life, and that, having- crossed the waves of the Styx, he inhabited the happy abode of the just souls. That thought made me shed a torrent of tears. They asked me why I wept. Tears, replied I, suit but too well an unfor- tunate stranger who wanders without the hope to see his coun- try again. In the meanwhile all the Cyprians who were in the vessel gave themselves up to the most extravagant mirth. The rowers, averse to work, slept upon their oars: the pilot, crown- ed with flowers, left the rudder, and held in his hands a large pitcher of wine, which he had almost emptied; he and all the others, troubled by the fury of Bacchus, sung TELEMACHUS. 153 a l'honneur de Venus et de Cupidon des vers qui to the honour of Venus and of Cupid some verses which devoient faire horreur a tous ccux qui aiment la were to cause horror to all those who love the vertu. virtue. Pendant qu'ils oubiioient ainsi les clangers de la mery Whilst that they forgot thus the dangers of the sea, une soudaine tempete tronbla le ciel et la mer. Les « sudden tempest disturbed the heaven and the sea. The vents decbaines mugissoient avec fureur dans les voiles; winds unchained bellowed with fury in the sails; les ondes noires- battoient les flancs du navire, qui the ivaves black beat the sides of ship, which gemissoat sous leurs coups. Tantot nous mon'tions groaned under their strokes. Sometimes we mounted sur le dos des vjagu es enflees, tantot la mer upon the back of the waves swelled up, sometimes the sea sembl6it se derober sous le navire et nous precipiter seemed itself to steal wider the slip and us to precipitate dans Tabyme. Nous appercevions aupres de nous into the abyss. We perceived near of us des rochers contre lesquels les flots irrites se seme rocks against which the waxes irritated themselves brisoient avec un bruit horrible. Alors je compris broke with a noise horrible. Then I understood par experitv *• ce que j'avois sonvent qui dire a* by experience, that which I had often heard say by t preserved enough of presence d'esprit, ni pour ordonner les manoeuvres, presence of mind, neither in order to order the manauvres, ni pour les faire. 11 me parut. que je devois, en nor for them to make. It to me appeared that I ought t in sauvant ma vie, sauvcr celle- des a Jc pris saving my life, to save that of the others. I took le gouvernaii en main, parceque ie pilote, trouble the rudder in hand, because tkt pilot, disturbed par le vin comme une bacchante, etoit hors d'etat by the wine as a bacchanalian, Mas out of condition de connbitre le danger du vaisseau; j'encourageai of to know the danger of the vessel; J encouraged les matelots effrayes; je leur fis abaisser les voiles; the sailors frightened; I than made lower the Mentor saj', that effeminate men, given up to pleasure, want courage in dangers. Ail our Cyprians were overwhelmed, and wept like women; I heard hut pitiful cries, regrets on the pleasures of life, and vain promises to the gods to make sacri- fices to them if they could arrive into the port. Nobody pre- served presence of mind sufficient to order the manoeuvres, or to direct them. It appeared to me that I ought, in saving my life, to save that of others. I took the rudder in hand, be- cause the pilot, disturbed by the wine as a Bacchanalian, was not in a condition to know the donger of the vessel: 1 encourag- ed the affrighted sailors; I made them lower the sails; TELEMACHUS. \$h ils ramerent vigoureusement: nous passames au they rowed with vigour: we past to the Iravers des ecueiis, et nous vimes de pies cross (across) of the dangers, and we saw of near toutes les horreurs de la mort. all the horrors of the death. Cette aventure parut comme un songe a tous That adventure appeared as a dream to alt ceux qui me devoient la conservation de leur vie; ils those who tome owed the preservation of their life; they me regardoient avec etonnemcnt. Nous arrivames en on me look with astonishment. We arrived into l'isle de Cypre au mois du printemps qm est consacre the isle of Cyprus to the month of spring which is consecrated a Venus. Cette saison, disoient les Cypriens, convient to Venus. That season, mid the Cypiians, suits a cette deesse; car elle semble animer toute la to that goddess; for she seems to animate all the nature, et faire n'aitftS les plasirs comme les nature, and cause to rise the pleasures as the fleurs. flowers. En arrivant dans l'isle, je sentis nn air doux qui In arriving into the island, I felt an air soft which rendoit les corps laches et parresseux, mais qui rendered the bodies relaxed and lazy, but which inspiroit une hnmeur enjouee et folatre. Je re- inspired an humour gay and icanton. I re- they rowed with vigour: we passed between the rocks, and saw near us, all the horrors of death. This adventure appeared as a dream to all those who were indebted to me for the preservation of their lives; they looked on me with astonishment. We arrived into the island of Cy- prus, in the month of the spring which is consecrated to Venus. That season, said the Cyprians, is agreeable to that goddess: for it seems to animate all nature, to give birth to pleasures and flowers together. At our arrival in the island, I felt a mild air which rendered the bodies heavy and lazy, but which inspired a gay and wan- ton humour. I re- 156 TELEMACHUS. marquai que la campagne, naturellcmcnt ferlih marked that the country. naturally fertile and agreable, etoit presque incuitc, tant les habitants agreeable, was almost uncultivated, so much the inhabitants etoient enncmis du travail. Je vis de tons cotes were enemies of the work. I saw of all sides des femmes et de jeunes filles vainement parees, some women and some young girls vainly drtssed, qui alloient, en chantant les louanges de Venus, who went in singing the praises of Venus, se devouer £ son temple. La beaiue, les themselves to devote to her ' temple. The beauty, the graces, la joie, lcs'plasirs, eclatoient egalement sur graces, the joy, the pleasures, shone equally upon leurs visages, rnais les graces y etoient affectecs. their visages, but the graces there were affected. On n'y voyoit point une noble simplicity et u^e They not there saw a noble simplicity and a pudeur aimable, qui fait le plus grand charme tie modesty amiable, phith makes the more great charms of la baeme. L'air de molesse, Fart de composer the beauty. The air of softness, the art of to compose leurs visages, leur parure vaine, leur demarche their visages, their dress vain, their walk languissante, leurs regards qui sembloient chercher languishing, their looks which seemed to stek ceux des hommes, leur jalousie entre elles pour those .of men, their jealousy between them in order marked that the country, naturally fertile and agreeable, was almost uncultivated, so much the inhabitants were averse to work. I saw on all sides women and young girls vainly dressed, who were going, in singing- the praises of Venus, to devote themselves at her temple. Beauty, grace, joy, aud pleasure equally sparkled upon their faces, but the graces were there affected. There was none of that noble simplicity or that amiable modesty, which make the greatest charm of beauty. The air of effeminacy, the art of composing their faces, their vain dress, their languishing walk, their looks which seemed to draw those of men, their jealousy among themselves TELEMACHUS. 157 allumer de grandes passions, en un mot, tout ce to kindle of great -passions, in one word, all that que je voyois dans ces femmes me sembloit vil which I saw in these women to me seemed vile et meprisable: a force de vouloir plaire elles me and despicable: by force, of to he willing to please they me degoutoient. disgusted. On me conduisit au temple de la deesse; elle They me conducted to the temple of the goddess; she en a plusieurs dans cette isle; car elle est ofikem has several in that island; for she is particulierement adoree a Cythere, a Idalie et a particularly worshipped at Cytherea, at Idalia and at Paphos. C ? est a Cythere que je fus conduit Paphos. It is at Cytherea that I was conducted. Le temple est tout de marbre; c'est un parfait The temple is all of marble; it is a perfect peristyle; les colonnes sont d'une grosseur et d'une peristyle: the columns are of a largeness and of a hauteur qui rendent cet edifice tres majesteux: au- height which render this edifice very majestic: a- dessus de l'architrave et de la frise sont a chaque bove of the architrave and of the frieze are to every face de grands frontons ou Ton voit en bas-relief side some large frontons where the one sees in basso-relievo toutes les plus agreables aventures de la deesse. A all the most agreeable adventures of the goddess. At to excite great passions, in a word, all that which I saw in these women, appeared to me vile and despicable: this immoderate desire to please, excited my aversion One conducted me to the temple of the goddess; she has several in that island; for she is particularly worshipped at Cytbera, at Idalia, and at Paphos. It was at Cythera that I was conducted. The temple is all of marble; it is a perfect peris- tyle; the columns are of such bigness, and of a height as to make this edifice very majestic: above the architecture and the frieze are at every face lar^e frontoons where are seen in basso-relievo all the most agreeable adventures of the goddess. At o 158 TELEMACHUS. Ja porte du temple est sans cesse une foule de the door of the temple is without ceasing a crowd of peuples qui viennent faire leurs offrandes. people who come to make their offerings. On n'egorge jamais, dans Penceinte du lieu They not slaughter ever, within the enclosure of the place sacfe, aucune victime; on n'y brule point, comme sacredy any . victim; they not there burn, as ailleurs, la graisse des genisses et des tauraux; elsewhere, the grease of the heifers and of bulls; on n'y repand jamais leur sang: on presente they not there shed ever their blood: they present seulement devant Pautel les betes qu'on offre; only before the altar the beasts which they offer; et on n'en peut offrir aucune qui ne soit and they not of them can offer any who not be jeune, blanche, sans defaut et sans tache: on les young, white, without defect and icithout spot: they them eouvre de bandelettes de pourpre brodees d'or: cover of bandelets of purple embroidered of gold; leurs cornes sont dorees et ornees de bouquets de their herns are gilded and adorned of bunches of fleurs odoriferantes. Apres qu'elles ont ete pre- Jlowers odoriferous. Jifter that they have been pre- sentees devant Fautel, on les renvoie dans un lieu sented before the altar, they them send back into a place the door of the temple is constantly a crowd of people who come to make their offerings. Never any victim is slaughtered within the enclosure of this sacred place; the fat of the heifers and bulls is not burnt there as elsewhere; they never shed their blood there: they only present before the altars the beasts which they offer; and no one is offered which is not young, white, and free from blem- ishes and spots: they are covered with fillets of purple em- broidered with gold: their horns are gilded and adorned with bunches of odoriferous flowers. After their having been pre- sented before the altar, they are sent back to a private place, TELEM^CHUS. 159 ecarte, ou elles sont egorgees pour les festins des aside, where they are slaughtered for the festivals of the pretres de la deesse. priests of the goddess. Oil offre aussi toutes sortes de liqueurs parfumees, They offer also all sorts of liquors peyfumed, et du vin plus doux que le nectar. Les pretres and, of the wine more sweet than the nectar. The priests sont revetus de longues robes blanches avee des are dressed of long robes white with some ceintures d'or et des franges de merne au bas girdles of gold and some fringes of the same to the bottom de leurs robes. On brule nuit et jour sur les au- of their robes. They burn night and day upon the al~ tels les parfums les plus exquis de Porient, et ils tars the perfumes the most exquisite of the east) and they forment une espece de nuage qui monte vers le cieL form a kind of cloud which mounts towards the heavem Toutes les collonnes du temple sont ornees de festons All the columns of the temple are adorned of festoons pendant; tous les vases qui servent au sacrifice sont hanging; all the vases which are used in the sacrifice are d'or; un bois sacre de myites environne le batiment. of gold; a xoood sacred of myrtle surrounds the building, II n'y a que de jeunes garcons et de jeunes filles It not there has but rf young boys and of young girls d'une rare beaute qui puissent presenter les victims of a rare beauty who can present the victims where they are slaughtered for the festivals of the priests of the goddess. They also offer all kind of perfumed liquors, and wine sweet- er than nectar. The priests are clad with long white robes, with girdles of gold, and fringes of the same at the bottom of their robes. They burn, night and day, upon the altars, the most exquisite perfumes of the east, and they form a kind of cloud which ascends towards heaven. All the columns of the temple are adorned with hanging festoons; all the vases which are used in the sacrifice are of gold; a sacred wood of myrtle surrounds the building. There are but young boys and young giris of a rare beauty who can present the victims 160 TELEMACHU3. aux pretres, et qui osent allumer le feu des autels. to the priests, and who can kindle the fire of the altars. Mais rimpudence et la dissolution deshonorent un But the impudence and the dissolution dishonour a J^ temple si mJTgninque. temple so magnificent. D'abord, j'eus horreur de tout ce que je voyiis; Jit first, lhad hoiror of all that which I saw; mais insensiblement je commencois a m ? y but insensibly I began to myself to them accoutumer. Le vice ne m'efTrayoit plus; toutes les accustom. The met not me frightened any more; all the compagnies nrinspiroient je ne sais quelle inclination companies to me inspired I not know ivhat inclination pour le desordre: on se moquoit de rnon inno- for the disorder: they themselves mocked of my inno- cence; ma retenue et ma pudeur servoient de jouet a eence; my restraint and my modesty served of sport to ces peuples effrontes. On n'cublioit rien pour these people shameless. They not forgot anything for exciter toutes mes passions, pour me tendre des to excite all my passions, for to ?ne lay some pieges, et pour reveiller en moi le gout des plaisirs. snares, and for to raise in me the relish of the pleasures. Je me sentois aftoiblir tous les jours; la bonne I myself felt weakened every the days; the good education que j'avois recue ne me soutenoit presque education ivhich lhad received not me sustained almost to the priests, and who dare to kindle the fire of the altars. But impudence and dissolution xlishonour so magnificent a temple. At first, I had a horror of all that which I saw; but I began insensibly to accustom myself to it. Vice frightened me no longer; every company inspired me I know not with what an inclination for disorder: they laughed at my innocence; my re- straint and my modesty served as a sport to these shameless people. They forgot nothing to excite all m\ passions, to lay snares for me, and to awake in me a taste for pleasure. I feit myself weakening everyday; the good education that lhad .ved sustained me TELEMACHUS. 161 plus; toutes mes bonifes resolutions s* any longer; all my good resolutions themselves evanouissoient. Je ne me sentois plus la force de vanished. I not in me felt any more the force of resister au mal qui me pressoit de tous cotes. to resist to the evil which me pressed of all sides. J'avois merne une mauvaise honte de la vertu. J'etois I had even a bad shame of the virtue. i I was comme un homme qui nage dans une riviere profonde as a man who swims in a river profound et rapide: d'abord il fend les eaux et remonte contre and rapid: at first he cleaves the waters and reascends against le torrent; mais si les bords sont escarpes, et s'il the torrent; but if the borders are steep, and if he ne peut se reposer sur le rivage, il se lasse not can himself rest upon the ^bank, he himself tires enfin peu-a-peu, sa force l'abandonne, ses membres at last little by little, his strength him far sokes, his limbs epueses s'engourdissent, et le cours du fleuve exhausted themselves grow benumbed, and the course of the river l'entraine. him drags down. Ainsi mes yeux commencoient a s' obscurcir, Thus my eyes began to themselves to be obscured, mon cceur tomboit en defaillance; je ne pouvoit my heart was falling into a swoon; I not was able plus rappeller ni ma raison ni le souvenir any longer recall neither my • reason nor the remembrance no more; all my good resolutions vanished away. I no longer felt in me the force to resist the evil which pressed me on all sides. I even had a bad shame of virtue. I was as a man who swirns a profound and rapid river, he cleaves at first the waters and reascends against the torrent, but if the borders are steep, if he cannot rest himself upon the bank, at last he gets tired by degrees, his force forsakes him, his exhausted limbs grow be- numbed, and the course of the river drags him down. Thus rny eyes began to grow dim, my heart fainted within me; I could neither recall my reason nor the remembrance o 2 162 TELEMACHUS. des vertus de mon pere. Le songe ou je croyois of the virtues of my father. The dream in which I Relieved avoir vu le sage Mentor descendu aux champs to have seen the wist Mentor descended to the field elysees achevoit de nie decourager: une secrete et elysians finished of me to discourage: a secret and douce langueur s' emparoit de moi. J'aimois deja sweet langour itself seized of my. I loved already le poison flatteur qui se glissoit de veine en the poison flattering which itself glided of vein to veine et qui penetroit jusqu'a la moille de mes os. vein and which pe7ietrated even to the marrow of my bones. Je poussois jrteanmoins encore de profonds soupirs; 1 shed nevertheless yet of the deep groans; je versois des larmes ameres; je rugissois comme un J shed of the tears bitter; I roared as a lion, dans mafureur. O maiheureuse jeunesse! disois- Hon, in my fury. unhappy youth! said- je: O dicux qui vous jouez crueliement des hommes, /: gods who you sport cruelly of men, pourquoi les faites vous passer par cet age, qui est un v:hy the make you to pass by this age, which is a temps de folie et de fievre ardente? Oh! que ne suis-je time of madness and of fever burning? Oh! why not am I convert de cheveux blancs, courbe et proche du covered of hairs white, bent down and near of the tombeau, comme Laerte, mon aieul! la mort me seroit tcmby as Laertes, my grandfather! the death to me would be of the virtues of my father. The dream during which I be- lieved I had seen the wise Mentor descended to the Elysian fields, finished to discourage me; a secret and agreeahle lan- guor took |0?3 ssion of me. I already loved the flattering- poison, which glided from vein to vein, and which peuetratcd even to the marrow of my bones. 1 nevertheless uttered yet deep sighs; 1 shed bitter tears; I roared as a lion, in my fury. O unhappy youth! said I; O god*, who sport so cruelly with men, why do you make them pass through that age) which is ri time of folly and of burning fever. Oh! why am I not covered with white hairs, bent down and near to the grave, as Laertes, my grandfather! death would be TELEMACHUS. 16$ plus douce que la foiblesse honteuse ou je me more sweet than the weakness shameful in which I me vois. see. A peine avois-je ainsi parle que ma douleur s 5 Hardly had I thus spoken that my grief itself adoucissoit, et que mon cceur, enivre d'une folle grew milder, and that my heart, intoxicated of a mad passion, secouoit presque toute pudeur; puis je me passion, shook off almost all modesty; then I myself voyois replonge dans un ahyme de remords. Pen- saw replugged into an abyss of remorses. Dur~ dant ce trouble, je courois errant ca et la ing that trouble, I ran wandering here and there dans le sacre bocage, semblable a une biche qu'un within the sacred grove, like to a hind that a chasseur a blessee: elle court au-travers des vastes hunter has wounded: she runs across of the vast fore is pour soulager sa douleur; mais la flcclie qui forests in order to assuage her pain; but the arrow which Ta percee dans le flanc la suit par-tout; elle porte her, has pierced in the side her follows everywhere; she carries par-tout avec elle le trait meurtrier. Ainsi je courois everywhere with her the shaft murderer. Thus I ran en vain pour m' oublier moi-meme; et rien in vain in order myself to forget myself; and nothing n'adoucissoit la plaie de mon cceur. not softened the wound of my heart. sweeter to me than tiie shameful weakness in which I see my- self. Hardly had I spoken thus, when my grief became milder, and my heart, intoxicated with a mad passion, shook otFall mod- esty; then 1 saw myself replunged into an abyss of remorse. During that trouble, I ran wandering here and there io the sa- cred grove, like to a stag that a hunter has wounded: she runs across vast forests to soften her pain; but the arrow which has pierced her in her side follows her every where; she carries everywhere the murderous shaft. Thus I ran in vain that I might forget myself, but nothing could assuage my heart. 164 TELEMACHUS. En ce moment j'appercus assez loin de fnoi, dans In that moment Iperceived enough far of me, in Pombre epaisse de ce bois, la figure du sage Men- the shade thick of that icood, the figure of the wise Men- tor: mais son visage me parut si pale, si triste et tor: but his visage to me appeared so pale, so sad and si austere, que je ne pus en ressentir aucune *joie. so austere, that I not was able of it to feel any joy. Est-ce done vous, m'ecriai-je, 6 mon cher ami, mon Is it then you,, myself cried I, my dear friend, my unique esperance? est-ce vous? quoi done! est-ce vous only hope? is it you? what then! is it you- meme? une image trompeuse ne vient elle pas abuser yourself? an image deceitful not comes she to abuse mes yeux? est-ce vous, Mentor? n'est-ce point votre my eyes? is it you, Mentor? not is it your ombre encore sensible a mes maux? n'etes vous point shade yet sensible to my pains? not are you au rang des ames heureuses qui jouissent de leur in the rank of the souls happy who enjoy of their vertu, et a qui les dieux donnent des plaisirs purs virtue, and to whom the gods give some pleasures pure dans une eternelle paix aux champs elysiens? parlez, in an eternal peace in the fields elysians? speak, Mentor, vivez vous encore? suis-je assez heureux pour Mentor, live you still? am I enough happy for vous posseder? ou bien n'est-ce qu'une ombre de mon you to possess? or well not is it but a shade of my In this moment I perceived, pretty far from me, in the thick shade of that wood, the figure of the wise Mentor; but his face appeared so pale, so sad, and so austere, that I could not feel any joy at it. Is it then you, cried I, O my dear friend, my on- ly hope? is it you? what then is it yourself? does not a deceit- ful image cornii to abuse my eyes? is it you, Mentor? is it not your shade yet sensible of my motions? are you not among the happy souls who enjoy their virtue, und4o whom the gods give pure pleasures in au eternal peace in the Elysian fields? speak, Mentor, do you still live? am I happy enough to possess you? or is it but a vain shadow of my TELEMACHUS. 165 ami? En disant ces paroles je courois vers friend? In saying these words I was running towards lui, tout transports, jusqu'a perdre la respiration: il him, all transported, even to lose the breath: he m'attendoit tranquiilement sans faire un pas vers for me ivaited tranquilly without to make a step towards moi. O dieux, vous le savez, quelle fut ma joie quand me. O gods, you it know, w.hat was my joy when je sentis que mes mains le touchoient! Non, ce I felt that my hands him touched! No, it n'est pas une vaine ombre! je le tiens, je l'embrasse, not is a vain shade! I him hold, I him embrace, mon cher Mentor! C'est ainsi que je m'ecriai. my dear Mentor! It is thv.s that I myself cried out. J'arrosai son visage cl'un torrent de larmes; je de- Ibedewed his visage of a torrent of tears; I re- meurcis attache a son cou sans pouvoir parler. mained bound to his neck without being able to speak. II me regardoit tristement avec des yeux pleins He me look sadly with of the eyes full d'une tendre compassion. of a tender compassion. Enfin je lui dis. Helas! d'oii venez-vous? rftlast I to him said. Jllas! from whence come you? en quels clangers ne m'avez vous point laisse pendant in what dangers not me have you lefb during votre absence! et que ferois-je maintenant sans vous? your absence! and what would I do now without you? friend? In saying- these words I ran towards him, all trans- ported, even to loee my breath: lie waited for me tranquilly, without advancing" a step towards me. O gods! you know it, what was my joy when I felt that my hand touched him! no it h not a vain shadow! I hold him, I embrace him, my dear Men- tor! It was thus [exclaimed. I bedewed his visage with a torrent of tears: 1 remained fixed on his neck without being- able to utter a word. He looked on me with sorrow and with eyes full of compassion. In fine, I said to him. Alas! whence come you? in what pe- ril have you not left me during- your abseuce! and what would I do now without you? 166 TELEMACHUS. Mais sans repondre a nies questions: fuyez! me But without to answer to my questions: fly! tome dit-il (Pun ton terrible; fuyez! hatez vous de fuir! ici said he of a tone terrible: fly! hasten you of to fly! here la terre ne porte pour fruit que du poison; Pair the earth not bears for fruits but of the. poison; the air qu'on respire est empeste; les hommes, contagieux, ne that ont breathes is pestiferous, the men, contagious, not se parlent que pour se cornmuni- to one another speak but in order to one another communi- quer un venin mortel. La volupte lache et. infame, cate a venom mortal. The voluptuousness base and infamous, qui est le plus horrible des maux sortis de la boite which is the most horrible of the evils come out of the box de Pandore, amoliit les cceurs, et ne s^uffre ici aucune of Pandora, softens the hearts, and not suffers here any vertu. Fuyez! que tardez vous? ne regardez pas meme virtue. Fly! why delay you? not look even derriere vous en fuyant; effaces jusques au moindre behind you in flying; blot out even to the least souvenir de cette isle execrable. remembrance of that isle execrable. II dit, et aussitot je semis comme un nuage epais He said, and immediately I felt as a cloud thick qui se dissipoit sur mes yeux, et qui me ivhich itself was dissipating upon my eyes, and which me laissoit voir la pure lumiere; une joie douce et pleine let see the pure light; a joy sweet and full but without answering 1 my questions: fly! said he tome with a terrible voice; fly! hasten to fly' here the earth bears poison instead of fruits; the air which you breathe is pestiferous; the men, contagious, speak only to communicate a mortal venom to one another. The vile and infamous voluptuousness, which is the most horrid of the evils that issued out of Pandora's box, soften the hearts, and suffers here no virtue, fly! why do you delay? do not even look behiud you in flying! blot out even the least remembrance of this execrable island. He said, and immediately 1 felt as a thick cloud which was dissipating from above my eyes, and which let me see the light in its purity! a sweet joy and full TELEMACHUS. 167 d ? un ferme courage renaissoit dans mon cceur. of a firm courage revived in my heart, Cette joie etoit bien differente de cette autre joie molle That joy was very different of that other joy soft et folatre dont mes sens avoient d'abord ete and wanton of which my senses had at first been empoisonnes: Tune est une joie d'ivresse et de trouble, poisoned: the one is a joy of intoxication and of trouble^ qui est entrecoupee de passions furieuses et de cuisants which is interrupted of passions fut ions and of burning remords: Tautre est une joie de raison, qui a remorse: the other is a joy of reason, which has quelque choser de bienheureux et de celeste; eile est some thing of happy and of celestial; it is toujours pure et egale, rien ne peut Pepuiser; plus always pure and equal, nothing not is able it to exhaust; the more on s'y plonge, plus eile est douce; elle ravit one himself in it plunges, the more it is sweet; it transports Tame sans la troubler. Alors je versai des larmes the soul without it to disturb. Then I shed of the tears de joie, et je trouvois que rien n'etoit si doux que of joy. and I found that nothing not was so sweet than de pleurer ainsi. O heureux, disois-je, les hommes a of to vjeep thus. happy, said I, the men to qui la vertu se montre dans toute sa beaute! peut whomthe virtue herself shoics in all her beauty! can of a firm courage revived in my heart. This joy was very dif- ferent from that other soft and wanton joy with which my sen- ses had been poisoned: one is a joy of intoxication aud confu- sion, which is interrupted by furious passions and burning remorses: the other is the joy of reason, which has something' very happy and celestial; it is always pure and equal; it cannot be exhausted; the more one plunges into it, the more sweet it is; it transports the soul with delight and never disturbs it. I there- fore shed tears of joy, and found that there was nothing so sweet as to weep thus. O happy, said I, the men to whom virtue shows herself in all her beauty! can 1-68 TELEMACHUS. on la voir sans l'aimer! peut on l'aimer sans one her to see without her to love! can one her to love without etre heureux. to be happy. Mentor me clit: il faut que je vous quitte; je Mentor to me said: it is necessary that J you quit; I pars dans ce moment: il ne m'est pas permis de am going in this moment: it not to me is permitted of m'arreter. Ou allez-vous done? lui repondis-je: me to stop. Where are going you then? to him replied 1 ': en quelle terre inhabitable ne vous suivrai-je point? in what earth uninhabitable not you willfollow I? ne croyez pas pouvoir m'echapper; je mourrai plutot not believe to be able me to escape; I sKall die rather sur vos pas. En disant ces paroles, je le tenois upon your steps. In saying these words. I him held serre de toute ma force. C'est en vain, me dit-il, que pressed of all my force. It is in vain, to me said he, that vous esperez de me retenir. Le cruel Metophis me you hope of me to retain. The cruel Metoplm me vendit a des Eihiopiens ou Arabes. Ceux-ci etant sold to some Ethiopians or Arabians. These being alles a Damas en Syrie pour leur commerce, voulurent gone to Damas in Syria for their commerce, were willing se defaire de moi, croyant en tirer une iliemselves to get rid of me, believing from me to draw a grande somme d'un nomine Hazael, qui cherchoit great sum from one named Hazael, who sought any one sec her and not love her! can any one love her and not be happy! Mentor said to me: I must leave you; I depart in this mo- ment: it is not permitted me to stop. Where do you go then 3 replied 1: in what uninhabitable earth shall I not follow you? do not believe you will be able to escape from me; I shall die on your steps. In saying these words, I held him pressed with all my force. It is in vain, said he, that you expect to retain me. The cruel Metophis sold me to the Ethiopians or Arabi- ans. These, having gone to Damas in Syria for tbeir commerce, wished to gel rid o( mc. thinking that they might sell me for a large sum of money to a certain Hazael, who sought TELEMACHUS. 109 pour in order un esciave Grec a slave Greek Grece, et pour s'instruire Greeks, and in order himself instruct of effet Hazael m'acheta cherement fact Hazael me bought dearly. appris dc nos moeurs lui a donne la taught of our manners to him has given the connoitre les moeurs de la to know the manners of the de nos sciences. En our sciences. In Ceque je lui ai What I to him have curiosite de curiosity of passer dans Tisle de Crete pour etudier les sages lois to pass in the isle of Crete for to study the wise laws de Minos. Pendant notre navigation les vents nous of Minos. During our navigation the winds ont contraints de relacher dans 1'isle de Cypre. have constrained of to put in in the isle of Cyprus. attendant un vent favorable, il est venu faire waiting for a wind favourable, he is offrandes au temple: le voila qui offerings to the temple: him behold who vents nous appelientj deja nos voiles come to make en sort; cut of it comes; us En J* ses IUs les s' enflent. call; already our sails themselves are swelling winds us Adieu, cher Telemaque: un esciave qui craint le^ slave who fears son maitre. Les dicux his master. The giis d'etre a moi: si j'eiois of to be to me: if 1 ne serois qu'a vous se not would be but to you alone Adieu, dear Telemachus: a dieux doit suivre fklelement gods must follow faithfully ne me permettent plus permit any longer not to me ajnoi, ils le to me, they it savent know, / a Greek slave in order to know the manners of Greece, and to learn our sciences. Iu fact he has bought me very dear. What I have taught him concerning- our manners has given him the curiosity to pass into the island of Crete, to study the wise laws of Mioo:>. During* our navigation the winds ha> e constrained us to put up in the isle of Cyprus. Waiting for a favourable wind, he i^ come lo make his offerings in the temple: behold him who comes forth from it; the winds call us; already our sails are swelled. Adieu, my dear TYlemachus; a slave who fears the g si faithfully follow his master. The gods do no longer permit me to belong to myself: if I belonged to my* self, ( it. to you aione would 1 belong r 170 TELEMACHUS. Adieu: souvenez vous des travaux d'Ulysse et des Adieu* remember you of the toils of Ulysses and of the larmes de Penelope; souvenez-vous des justes dieux. tears of Penelope; ' remember you of the just gods. O dieux, protecteurs de Pinnocence, en quelle terre O gods j protectors of the innocence, in what land suis-je contraint de laisser Telemaque! am I constrained of leave Telemachusl Non, non, lui dis-je, mon cher Mentor, il ne No, no, to him said I, my dear Mentor, it not dependra pas de vous de me laisser ici: plutot mourir will depend of you of me to leave here: rather to die que de vous voir partir sans moi. Ce maitre than of you to see to depart without me. This master Syrien est il impitoyable? est ce une tigresse dont Syrian is he unmerciful? is it a tigress of whom il a suce les mamelles dans son enfance? voudra-t-il he has sucked the teats in his infancy? will be loilling he vous arraeher d'entre mes bras? il faut qu'il you to tear from between my arms? it is necessary that he me donne la mort, ou qu'il souffreque je vous suive. to me gives the death, or that he suffer that I you follow. Vdus m'exhortez vous-meme a fuir, et vous ne You me exhort yourself to fly, and you not voulez pas que je fuie en suivant vos pas! je vais are willing that I fly in following your steps! I am going parler a Hazael, il aura peut-etre pitie de to speak to Hazael, he ivill have may be {perhaps) pity of Adieu; remember the toils of Ulysses, and the tears of Penelo- pe; remember the just gods. O gods, protectors of innocence, in what land am I constrained to leave Telemachus! No, no, said I, my dear Mentor, it shall not depend on you to learve me here; rather shall I die than see you depart with- out me. This Syrian master, is he unmerciful? Ts it a she tiger whose breast he has sucked in his infancy? Will he tear me from your arms? he must put me to death, or he must suffer that I follow you. You exhort me to fly, and you do not wish that I fly in following your steps! I am going to speak to Hazael, he perhaps will have pity on TELEMACHUS. 171 ma jeunesse et de mes larmes: puisqu'il aime la sagesse my youth and of my tears: since he loves the wisdom et qu'il va si loin la chercher, il ne peut point and thai he goes so far it to seek, he not can avoir un coeur feroce et insensible: je me jetterai to have a heart savage and insensible; I me will cast a ses pieds, j'embrasserai ses genoux, je ne le laisserai to his feet , I will embrace his knees, I not him will let point aller qu'il ne m'ait accorde de vous suivre. go but he not to me has granted of you to follow. Mon cher Mentor, je me ferai esclave avec vous; My dear Mentor, I myself shaU make slave with you; je lui oftrirai de me donner a lui; s'ii me refuse, / to him shall offer of myself to give to him; if he me refuse, c'est fait de moi, je me delivrerai de la it is done of me, I myself shall deliver from the vie. life. Dans ce moment Hazael appela Mentor; je me In that moment Hazael called Mentor; I myself prosternai devant lui. 11 fut surpris de voir un prostrated before him. He was surprised of to see an inconnu en cette posture: que voulez-vous? me dit-il. La unknown in that posture: what desire you? tome said ht. The vie, repondis-je; car je ne puis vivre si vous ne souf- life, answered I; for I not can live if you not suf- frez que je suive Mentor, qui est a vous. Je suis le fer that I follow Mentor, who is to you. I am the my youth and my tears; I shall cast myself at his feet, I shall embrace his knees, I shall not let him go before he has granted me to follow you. My dear Mentor, I will make myself a slave with you; I will offer to give myself up to him; if he refuse me it is done with me, I shall deliver m}'H,olus hurried, disquieted and ardent, His visage wrinkled et chagrin, sa voix menac.ante, ses sourcib epais et and chagrin, his voice threatening, his eye-brows thick and pendants, ses yeux pleins d'an feu sombre et aus- hanging, his eyes full of a fire dark and aus- tere, tcnoient en silence les fiers aquilons et tere, held in silence the fierce north winds and repoussoient tous les nuages. Les immenses baleines repelled all the clouds. The immense whales et tous les monstres marins faisant avec leurs and all the monsters marine (or sea) making with their narines un flux et un reflux de Tonde amere, sortoient nostrils a flux and a reflux of the wave biller, came out majesty, which put to flight the seditious winds and ihe black tempests. The tritons conducted the horses and held the gild- ed reins. A large sail of purple floated in the air above the chariot; ; swelled by the breath of a multitude of lit- tle zephyrs, that endeavoured to push it forward by their br< They saw in the mi. idle of i i his, eager, re- (I *s, and ardent, Fits face wrinkled add Borrowful, his ihre oice, his thick and h ;"b of a gloomy and austere fire, held in silence the fi< all the cloud-. Th( il the sea- making with their nostrils a flux and r< came out, Q 182 TELEMACHUS. a la hate de leurs grottes profondes pour voir Ja to the haste of their grottos profound in order to see the Deesse. goddess. in haste, from their deep grottos to see the goddess. END OF BOOK FOURTH. BOOK V. TRANSLATION OF WORDS. Apres que nous eunies admire ce spectacle, nous Jljter that we had admired that spectacle > we commencames a* decouvrir les montagnes de Crete, began to discover the mountains of Crete, que nous avions encore assez de peine a distinguer that we had yet enough of trouble to distinguish des nuees da ciel et des Hots de la mer. Bientot of the clouds of the heaven and of the waves of the sea. Soon nous vimes le sommet du mont Ida au-dessus -des we saw the summit of the mount Ida above of the autres montagnes de l'isle, comme un vieux cerf other mountaiiis of the island, as an old deer dans une foret porte son bois rameux au-dessus in a forest carries his woody branches above des tetes des jeunes faons dont il est suivi. of the heads of the young fawns of whom he is followed. TRANSLATION OF IDEAS. After we had admired this spectacle, we began to discover the mountains of Crete, which we had still some trouble to distinguish from the clouds of heaven and from the waves of the sea. Soon we saw the summit of mount Ida above the other mountains of the island, as an old deer in the forest carries his branchy horns above the heads of the young fawns by whom he is foJlowed. 184 TELEMACHUS. Peu-a-peu nous vimes plus distinctement les cotes Little by little we saiv more distinctly the coasts de cette isle, qui se presentment a nos yeux of that island, which themselves presented to our eyes comme un amphitheatre. Autant que la terre de Cy- as an amphitheatre. *fls much as the land of Cy- pre nous avoit paru negligee et inculte, autant prus to us had appeared neglected and uncultivated, as much celle de Crete se montroit fertile et ornee de tous that of Crete itself showed fertile and adorned of all les fruits par le travail de ses habitants. the fruits by the work of its inhabitants. De tous , cotes nous remarquions des villages bien On all sides ice remarked some villages well batis, des bourgs qui egaloient des villes, et des built, some boroughs which equalled so,ne towns, and some villes superbes. Nous ne trouvions aucun champ towns superb* We not found any field oii la main du diligent laboureur ne fut imprimee; where the hand of the industrious husbandman not was imprinted; par-tout la charrue avoit laisse de creux sillons: les everywhere the plough had left of hollow furroivs: the ronces, les epines, et toutes les plantes qui occupent brambles, the thorns, and all the pleints which occupy inutilemenl la terre sont inconnues en ce uselessly the land (or ground') are unknown in that pays. Nous consideribns avec plaisir les creux country. We considered ivilh pleasure the hollow We saw by degrees more distinctly the coasts of that island, which presented themselves to our eyes as an amphitheatre. As much as the land of Cyprus had appeared to us neglected and uncultivated, so much that of Crete showed itself fertile, and adorned with all kinds of fruits by the labour of its inhabi- tants. We remarked on all sides villages well built, boroughs which equalled towns, and superb cities. We found no field where the hand of a diligent husbandman was not imprinted; the •lough cv< rvwherevhad left hollow furrows; the brambles, the thorns, and all the plants which uselessly cover the land, are iow n in that country. We considered with pleasui hollow TELEMACHUS. 185 vallons cm les troupeaux de boeufs mugissoient dans vallies where the flocks of oxen bellowed in les gras herbages le long des ruisseaux; les moutons the fat herbages along of the brooks; the sheep paissant sur le penchant d'une colline, les vastes grazing on the declivity of a hill, the vast campagnes couvertes de jaunes epis, riches dons de plains covered of yellow ears, rich gifts of la feconde Ceres; enfin, les montagnes ornees de the fruitful Ceres; in fine, the mountains adorned of pampres et de grappes d'un raisin deja colore, qui branches and of bunches of a raisin already coloured, which promeltoit aux vendangeurs les doux presents de promised to the vintagers the sweet presents of Bacchus pour chairmer ies soucis des hommes. Bacchus in order to charm the cares of men. Mentor nous dit qu'il avoit ete autrefois en Crete, Mentor to us told that he had been formerly in Crete, et il nous expliqua ce qu'il en connoissoit. Cette and he to us explained that which he of it knew. That isle, dit-il, admiree de tous les etrangers, et fameuse island, said he, admired of all the strangers, and famous par ses cent villes, nourrit sans peine tous ses by her hundred cities, nourished loithout trouble all her habitants, quoiqu'ils soient innombrables. C'est inhabitants, although they be (or are) innumerable. It is que la terre ne se lasse jamais de repandre ses biens m that the earth not itself tires ever of to sj)read her goods vallies where flocks of oxen bellowed in the fat herbage along- the brooks; sheep grazing" on the declivity of the hill, vast plains covered with yellow ears of corn, rich gifts of the fruitful Ceres; finolly, mountains adorned with branches of vine and bunches of raisins already coloured, which promised to the vintagers the sweet presents of Bacchus, to charm the cares of men. Mentor said to us that he had formerly been in Crete, and he made us understand what he knew of it. That island, said he. admired by all strangers, is famous for its hu.vdred cities, and nourishes all its inhabitants, although they be innumerablev It is because the earth is never tired to spread her goods q 2 186 TELE7JACI sur ceux qui la culiivent. Son sein fecond ne pei.: upon those who her cultivate. Her bosom fruitful not c«n s' epuiser; plus, il y a d'hommes dans un itself exhaust; the more it there has of men in a pays, pourvu qu'ils scient Jaborieux, plus ils country, provided that they be laborious, the more tiui, jouissent de 1'abondance: iis n'ont jamais besoin d'etre enjoy of the abundance-, they not have ever need of to be jaloux les uns des autres. La terre, cette bonne jealous of the one of the others. The earth, this good mere, multiplie ses dons selon le nombre de ses mother, multiplies her gifts according the number of her enfants qui meritent ses fruits par leur travail. children who merit her fruits by their labour. L'ambinon et 1 'avarice des hommes sont les seules The ambition and the avarice of the men are the only sources de leur malheur: les hommes veulent tout sources of their misfortunes: the men icish all avoir, et ils se rendent maiheurcux par le to have, and they themselves render unhappy by the desir du superflu; s'ils vouloient vivre simplement, desire of the superfluity; if they wished to live in simplicity, et se contenter de satisfaire aux vrais besoins, and themselves to content of to satisfy to the true wants, on verroit par-tout 1'abondance, la joie, la paix, et they would see everywhere the abundance, the joy, the peace, and Punion. the union. upon those who cultivate her. Her fruitful bosom cannot be exhausted; the more there are men in a country, (provided they be industrious) the more abundance they enjoy; they never have need of being- jealous of one another. T . that good mother, multiplies her gifts according to the number of her children who merit her fruits by their labour. The am- bition and the avarice of men are the true sources of their mise- ries: men want to possess all things, and the desire of super- fluities renders them unhappy: would they wish to live with simplicity, and content themselves to satisfy their true wants, everywhere would be seen abundance, •>; peace, and union. TELE.MACHUS. 187 C*est ce que Minos, le plus sage etle meilleur de tous It is that which Minos, the most wise and the best of all les rois, avoitcompris. Tout ce que vous verrez de plus the kings, had comprehended. All that which you will see of the most merveilleux dans cette isle est le fruit de ses lois. marvellous in that island is the fruit of his laws. L'education qu'il faisqit donner aux enfants rend The education that he caused to give to the children renders les corps sains et ' robustes: on les accoutume the bodies healthy and robust: they them accustomed d'abord aunc vie simple, frugaie et laborieuse: on atfirst to a life simple, frugal and laborious: they suppose que toute volupte amollit le corps et suppose that all voluptuousness effeminate the bodies and Pesprit; on ne leur propose jamais d'autre piai-sir the mind; they net to them propose ever of other pleasure que celui d'etre invincibles par la vertu, et than that of to be invincible by the virtue, and d'acquerir beaucoup de gloire. On ne met pas to acquire much of glory. They not put seuiement ici le courage a*, mepriser la rnort dans only here the courage to despise the death in les dangers de la guerre, mais encore a fouler aux the dangers of the war, but yet to trample to the pieds les trop grandes richesses et les plaisirs feet the too great riches and the pleasures honteux. Ici on punit trois vices qui sont impunis shameful. Here they punish three vices which are unpunished It is what Minos, the wisest and the best of all kings, had understood. All that which you will see the most wonderful in this island is the fruit of his laws. The education which he caused to be given to children, renders the body healthy and robust; they were At first accustomed to a kind of living-, sim- ple, frugal, and laborious; they think that every voluptuous- ness effeminates both the body and the mind; never any ether pleasure is proposed to them than that of being invincible by their virtue, and of acquiring great glory. They not only put their courage to despise death in the dangers of war, but more to trample under feet immense riches, and shameful pleasures. Here are punished three vices which are unpunished 188 TELEMACHUS. chez les autres peuples; l'ingratitude, la dissimulation, among the other people; the ingratitude, the dissimulation, et Tavarice. and the avarice. Pour le faste et la mollesse, on n'a jamais besoin As to the luxury and the effeminacy, they not have ever need de les reprimer, car ils sont inconnus en Crete. Tout le of them to repress, for they are unknown in Crete. All the monde y travaille, et personne ne songe a s'y world there works, and person not thinks to himself there enrichir; chacun se croit assez pave de son travail to enrich; every one himself believes enough paid of his work par une vie douce et re glee, ou Ton jouit en paix et by one life sweet and regulated, where the one enjoys in peace and avec abondance de tout ce qui est veritablement with abundance of all that which is truly necessaire a la vie. On n'y souffre ni meubles necessary to the life. They not there suffer neither furniture precieux, ni habits magnifiques, ni festins delicieux, precious, nor habits magnificent, nor festivals delicious, m palais dores. Les jffibite sont delaine fine et de nor palaces gilded. T4e naoits are of wool fine and of belles couleurs, mais tout unis et sans broderie. beautiful colours, but all plain and ivithout embroidery. Les repas y sont sobres; on y boit peu de The repasts there are sober; they in them drink very little of vin: le bon pain en fait la principale partie, avec wine: the good br pad of them makes the principle part, with among' other people, ingratitude, dissimulation, and avarice. As for luxury ai\d efl'tininacy, they never have need of re- pressing- them, for they are unknown in Crete. Every one works there, and nobody wishes to become rich; each one be- lieves himself paid en nigh for his work by a sweet and regu- lated life, whilst they vujoy in peace and with abundance all that which is truly necessary to life. They do sutfer there neither precious furnitures, nor magnificent dress, nor deli- cious feasts, nor gilded pa ices. The habits are of a fine wool, and oi beautiful colour, but all plain and without embroidery. Their repasts are frugal: they drink little wine: good bread makes the principal part of them, with TELEMACHUS. 189 les fruits que les arbres ofTYent com me d'eux-memes, the fruits which ihe trees offer as of themselves, et le lait cks trouneaux. Tout au plus on y and the milk of the flocks. JMl to the most they there mange un pen de grosse viande sans ragout; encore eat a little cf coarse meat without ragout; yet meme a-t-cn scan de reserve r ce qii*iL y a even has me care of to "preserve that which <4h%,tlv re has de meiiieur dans les grands troupeaux de bceufs, of best in the large flecks of oxen, pour faire fleurir 1'agriculture. L?s maisons y for to make flourish the agriculture. The houses there sont prop res, commodes, riantes, mais sans orne- are neat, commodious, smili -g, but without orna- ments. La superbe architecture n'y est pas ments. The superb architecture not there is ignoree; mais eile est reservee pour les temples des unknown; but it is reserved for the temples of the Dieux: et ies hommes n'oserojent avoir des gods: and the men not would dare to have of the maisons semblables a celles des Immortels. Les houses like to those of the immortals. The grands biens des Cretois sont la sante, la force, great goods of the Cretans are the health, the force, le courage, la paix et l'union des families, la the courage, ihe peace and the union of tlie families, ihe liberie de tous les citoyens, 1'abondance des choses liberty of ail the citizens, the abundance of the things the fruits which the trees offer as cf their own accord, and the milk of their flocks. At most they eat a littie of a coarse viand without ragout; and besides, take care to keep that which is the best among* their large flocks of oxen to make agriculture flourish. Houses are there neat, commodious, and agreeable, but without ornament. The superb architecture is not unknown there, bnt it is reserved for the temples of the gods, and men would not dare to have houses like to those of the immortals. The great fortune of the Cretans is health, strength, courage, peace, and the union of families, liberty among all the citizens, abundance of necessary things, 190 TELEJYIACHUS. necessaires, le mepris des superflues, l'habitude necessary, the contempt of the superfluities, the habit du travail et l'horreur -de l'oisivete, l'emulation of the labour and the horror of the idleness, the emulation pour la vertu, la soumission aux lois, et la crainte des for the virtue, the submission to the laios, and the fear of the justes Dieux. just gods. Je lui demandai en quoi consistent l'autorite / to him demanded in what consisted the authority du roi; et il me rtpondit: il peut tout sur les of the king ; and he tome answered; he can all over the peuples; mais les lois peuvent tout sur lui. II a une people; but the laics can all over him. He has a puissance absolue pour faire le bien, et les mains power absolute for to do the good, and the hands liees des qu'il veut faire le nidi. Les lois lui tied as soon as he wishes to do the evil. The laws to him confient les peuples comme le plus precieux de tous confide the people as the most precious of oil les depots, a condition qu'il sera le pere de ses su- the deposits, on condition that he ivill be the father of his sub- jets, Elles veulent qu'un seul horame serve par jects. They wished that a single man serve by sa sagesse et par sa moderation a la felicite de his wisdom and by his moderation to the felicity of tant d'hommes; et non pas que tant d'hommes so many of men; and not that so many of men contempt for superfluities, a habit of work and a horror of idle- ness, emulation for virtue, submission to the laws, and the fear of the just gods, I asked him in what consisted the authority of the king": and he replied to me: he has a full power over the people; hut the laws have full power over him. He has an absolute power of doing good, and his hands are tied as soon as he wishes to do wrong. The laws confide the people to him as the most precious of all deposits, on condition that he will be the father of his sub- jects. They wish that a single man serve by his wisdom nod by his moderation to the felicity of so many men; and not that so many men TELEMACHUS. 191 servent, par leur misere et par leur servitude lache, serve, by their misery and by their servitude base, a flatter l'orgueil et la mollesse d'un seul homme. to flatter the pride and the effeminacy of a single man. Le roi ne doit rien avoir au-dessus des The king not owes (or must) anything to have above of the autres, excepte ce qui est necessaire ou pour others, except that which is necessary either for le soulager dans ses penibles fonctions, ou pour him to help in his painful functions, or for imprimer aux peuples le respect de celui qui doit to impress to the people the respect of him who must soutenir les lois. Dailleurs le roi doit etre plus strain the laws. Besides the king must be more sobre, plus ennemi de la mollesse, plus exempt temperate, more enemy of the effeminacy, more exempt de faste et de hauteur, qu'aucun autre. II ne of luxury and of haughtiness, than any other. He not doit point avoir plus de richesses et de plaisirs, mais must have more of riches and of pleasures, but plus de sagesse, de vertu, et de gloire, que le reste more of wisdom, of virtue, and of glory, than the rest des hommes. II doit etre au-dehors le defenseur of the men. He must be without the defender de la patrie en commandant les armees^et au-dedans of the country in commanding the armies; and within le juge des peuples, pour les rendre bons, sages, the judge of the people, for them to render good, wise, serve, by their miser} 7 and by their vile servitude, to flatter the pride and the effeminacy of a single man. The king must have nothing above the others, except what is necessary either to help him in his painful functions, or to impress the people with the respect for him who is to maintain the laws. Besides, the king- must be more sober, more an enemy to effeminacy, more exempt from luxury and haughtiness, than any other. He must not have more riches and pleasures, but more wisdom, virtue, and glory, than the rest of men. He must be abroad, the defender of the countiy, in commanding the armies; and . at home, the judge of the people, in order to render them good, wise, 192 TELEMACHIS. et heureux. Ce n'est point pour lui-meme que ies and happy. It not is for himself that the Dieux l'ont fait roi; il ne Pest que pour etre gods him have made king; he not him is but for to be l'homme des peuples: e'est aux peuples qu'il the man of the people: it is to the people that he doit tout son temps, tous ses soins, toute son affection; owes all his time, all his cares , all his affection; et il n'est digne de la royaute qu'autant qu'il and he not is worthy of the royally but as much as he s'oublie lui-meme pour se sacrifier au bien himself forgets he himself in order himself to sacrifice to the good public. publk. Minos n'a voulu que ses enfants regnassetit apres Minos net has wished that his children v:ould reign after lui qu'a condition qu'ils regnerqient suivant ses him but to condition that they would reign according his maximes. II airnoit encore plus son peuple que sa maxims. He loved yet more his people than Ids famille. C'est par une telie sagesse qu'il a rendu family. It is by a such wisdom that he has rendered la Crete si puissante et si heureuse; c'est par cette the Crete so powerful and so happy; it is by that moderation qu'il a efface la gioire de tous Ies con- moderation that he has effaced the glory of all the con- querants qui veulent faire servir Ies peuples a leur querors who ivish to make to serve the people to their and happy. It is not for himself that the gods have made him king; and he is a king* but to be the man of the people; it is to the people that he owes all his time, all his cares, and all his affection: and he is worthy but in proportion as he forgets him- self in order to sacrifice himself to the public good. Minos has not wished that his children should reign after him, but on condition that they would reign according to his maxims. He loved still more his people than bis family. It is by such wisdom that he has rendered Crete so powerful and so happy; it is by that moderation that he has effaced the glory of all the conquerors, who wish to make the people serve to their TELEMACHUS. 19S prop re grandeur, c'est-d-dire, a leur vanite; enfin, own gi*andeur, thai is to say, to their vanity; infine, c'est parsa justice qu ? il a merite d'etre aux enfers le it is by his justice that he has merited oftobetoihe hell the souverain juge des morts. Ign judge of the dead. Pendant que Mentor faisdit ce discours, nous Whilst thai Mentor made that discourse, we abordanies dans l'isle. Nous vimes le fameux landed in the island. We saw the famous iabyrinthe, ouvrage des mains de Fingenieux Dedale. l.ibyrimh, work of the hands of the ingenious DedaluSj et qui eloit une imitation du grand Iabyrinthe ich was an imitation of the great labyrinth que nous avions vu en Egypte. which ice had seen in Egypt. considetions ce curieux edifice, nous vimes le peuple considered that curious edifice, we saw the people qui couvroit le rivage, et qui accouroit en foule dans who covered the shore, and who ran in crowd into un lieu assez voisin du bord de la mer. Nous a place enough near of the border of the sea. We demandames la cause de leur empressement; et voici demanded the cause of their eagerness; and behold ce qu'un Cretois, nomme Nausicrate, nous ra- that which one Cretan, named Nausicr ates, to u$ re- conta: lated: Pendant que nous Whilst that we grandeur, that is to say, to their vanity; finally, it is b) his jus- tice that, he has merited to be in hell, the sovereign judge of the dead. Whilst that Mentor made this discourse, we landed in the i. We Ban the famous labyrinth, the work of the hands of the ingenious Dedalus, and winch was an imitation of the grand ♦ la? yriolh which we had seen in Egypt. Whilst that we con- sidered this curious edifice, we saw the people who covered the shore, and who ran in crowds to a place pretty near to the bor- der of the sea. We asked the cause of their eagerness; and here is what a Cretan, named Nausicrates, related to us: R 194 TELEMACHUS. Idomenee, fils de Deucalion et petit-fils de^ Minos, Idomeneus, son of Deucalion and grandson of JSlinos, dit-il, etoit alle, comme les autres rois de la Grece, au said he, was gone, as the others kings of the Greece, to the siege de Troie. Apres la ruine de cette ville il fit siege of Troy. After the ruin of that city he made voile pour revenir en Crete; mais la tempete fut sail in order comeback in CieU; but the tempest was si violente, que le pilote de son vaisseau, et tous les so violent, that the pilot of his vessel, and all the autres qui etoient experimentes dans la navigation, others who were experienced in the navigation, crurent que leur naufrage etoit inevitable. Chacun believed that their shipivreck was inevitable. Every one avoit la mort devant les yeux; chacun voyoit les had the death before the eyes; every one saio the abymes ouverts pour l'engloutir; chacun deploroit abyss opened for them to ingulph; every one deplored son malheur, n'esperant pas meme le triste repos his misfortune, not expecting even the sad repose cles ombres qui traversent le Styx apres avoir of the shades which traverse the Styx after to have recu la sepulture. Idomenee) levant les yeux et les received the sepulture. Idomeneus, lifting the eyes and the mains vers le ciel, invoquoit Neptune: O puissant hands towards the heaven, invoked Neptune'. powerful Dieu, s'ecrioit-il, toi qui tiens l'empire des ondes, god, himself cried he, thou who holds the empire of the waves, Idomeneus, son of Deucalion, and grandson of Minos 5 said he, went, as the other kings of Greece, to the siege of Troy. After the ruin of that city, he made sail in order to come back into Crete, but the tempest was so violent, that the pilot of his vessel, and all the others who were experienced in navigation, believed that their shipwreck was inevitable. Every one had death before his eyes; every one saw the abyss opened to in- gulph hinr, every one deplored his misfortune, not even having the hope of the sad repose of the shades which traverse the Styx, after having received the sepulture. Idomeneus, lifting up his eyes and hands towards heaven, invoked Neptune: O power- ful god, cried he, thou who boldest the empire of the waves. TELEMACHUS. 195 daigne ecouter un malheureux: si tu me fais deign to listen an unhappyman: if thou me causest revoir Pisle de Crete malgie la fureur des vents, to see again the island of Crete in spite the fury of the winds, je t'immolerai la premiere tete qui se I to thee shall immolate the first head which itself presentera a mes yeux. will present to my eyes. Cependant son fils, impatient de revoir son In the meanwhile his son, impatient of to see again his pere, se hat6it d'aller au devant de lui pour father , himself hastened of to go to before of him for Fembrasser: malheureux, qui ne savoit pas que c'etoit him to embrace: miserable, who not knew that it was courir a sa perte! Le pere echappe a la tempete to run to his loss! The father escaped to the tempest arrivoit dans le port desire; ii remercidjt Neptune d'avoir arrived in the port desired; he thanked Neptune of to have ecoute ses voeux: mais bientot il sentit combien ses~ heard his vows: but very soon he felt how much his voeux lui etbjent funestes. Un pressentiment de son vows to him were fatal* Ji presentiment of his malheur lui donno.it un cuisant repentir de son voeu wo to him gave a burning repentance of his vow indiscret; il craigntiit d'arriver parmi les siens, et^ indiscreet; he feared of to arrive amongst the his own, and il apprehcndoit de revoir ce qu'il avbit de plus he apprehended of to see again that which he had of most deign to listen to an unfortunate man: if thou makest me see the island of Crete again, in spite of the fury of the winds, I shall immolate to thee the first head that will appear before my eyes. In the meanwhile his son, impatient of seeing his father again, was hastening to meet him, and to embrace him: unfortunate youth, who did not know that he was running to his destruction. The father, having escaped the tempest, was arriving into the desired port; he thanked Neptune for having listened to his vows: but soon he found how much his vows were fatal to him. A presentiment of his misfortune gave him a burning repent- ance of his indiscreet vows: he was afraid to arrive among his subjects, and was apprehensive of seeing again what he held the 196 TELEMACHUS. cher au monde. Mais la cruelle Nemesis, Deesse dear to the world. But the cruel Nemesis, goddess impitoyable qui veille pour punir les hommes et unmerciful ivho watches for to punish the men and stir-tout les rois orgueilleux, poussoit d'une main above alt the kings proud, pushed of a hand fatale et invisible Idomenee. II arrive: a peine 6se-t-il fatal and invisible Idomeneus. He arrives: hardly darts he lever les yeux. II voit son fils: il recule, saisi raise the eyes. He sees his son: he recoils back, seized d'horreur. Ses yeux cherchent, mais en vain, quelque of horror. His eyes seek, but in vain, some autre tete moins chere qui puisse lui servir de vic- other head less dear which can to him serve of vic- tinie. tim. Cependant le fils ^se jette a son cou, et est tout In the meanwhile the son himself casts to his neck, and is all etonne que son pere reponde si nial a sa tendresse; astonished that his father amwcrs so ill to his tenderness; il le voit fondant en larmes. O mon pere, dit-il, he him sees melting into tears. my father, said he, d'ou vient cette tristesse? apres une si longue from whence comes that sadness? . after one so long absence etes-vous fache de vous revoir dans votre absence are you sorry of you to see again in your royaume, et de faire la joie de votre fils? qu'ai-je kingdom, and of to make the joy of your son? what have I dearest in the world. But the cruel Nemesis, unmerciful goddess, who watches in order to punish men, and especially the proud kings, pushed on Idomeneus with a fatal and invisi- ble hand. He arrives: hardly dares he to raise his eyes. He sees his son, he recoils, seized with horror. His eyes seek, but in vain, some other head less dear which may serve him as a victim. However, the son casts himself on his neck, and is very much astonished that his father answers so ill to his tenderness; and sees him melting- into tears. Oh, my father, said he, whence comes that sadness to you? After so long* an absence are you sorry to see yourself a^ain in your kingdom, and to make the joy of your son! what have I TELEMACHUS 197 prix m'as-tu price me hast thou fait? vous detournez vos yeux de peur de me voir! done? you turn away your eyes of fear of me to see! Le pere, accable de douleur, ne repondit rien. The father, overwhelmed of grief, not answered anything* Ennn, apres de profonds soupirs, il-dit: Ahl Neptune, In fine, after of deep sighs, he said: Ah! Neptune, que t'ai-je promis! a quel what to thee have 1 promised! to what garanti du naufragel rends-moi aux vagues et saved of the shipioreck! restore me to the waves and aux rochers qui devoient en me brisant finir ma to the rocks which ought in me breaking to finish my triste vie; laisse vivre mon fits. O Dieu cruel! tiens, sad life; leave to live my son. god cruel! hold, voila mon sang, epargne le sien. En parlant ainsi behold my blood, spare the his own. In speaking thus il tira son epee pour se percer; mais ceux qui he drew his sword in order himself to pierce; but those who etoient autour de lui arreterent sa main. were around of him stopped his hand. Le vieillard Sophronyme, interprete des volontes The old Sophj'onimus, interpreter of the will des Dieux, lui assura qu'il pourroit contenter of the gods, to him assured that he might be able to content Neptune sans donner la mort a son fils. Votre Neptune without to give the death to his son. Your promesse, disoit-il, a ete imprudente: les Dieux ne piomise, said he, has been imprudent: the gods not done? you turn away your eyes for fear of seeing- me! the fa- ther, overwhelmed with grief, answered nothing-. At last, af- ter deep sighs, he said: ah! Neptune, what have I promised to thee! at what price hast thou saved me from shipwreck! re- store me to the waves and to the rocks, which were, in break* ing me, to put an end to my sad life; suffer my sou to live. O cruel gods! here, behold my blood, spare his. In speak- ing thus, he drew his sword to pierce himself: but those who were around him stopped his hand. The old man Sophronimus, interpreter of the will of the gods, assured him that he might content Neptune without putting his son to death. Your promise, said he, has been imprudent; the goda do not r2 198 TELEMACHUS. veulent point etre honores par la cruaute; gardez-vous wish to be honoured by the- cruelty; guard yourself bien cTajouter a la faute de voire promesse celle de ivell from to add to the fault of your promise that of Paccomplir contre les iois de la nature; offrez a Nep- it to accomplish against the laws of the nature; offer to Ntp- tune cent taureaux plus blancs que la neige; faites tune hundred bulls more white than the snow; make couler leur sang autour de son autel couronne de fleurs; tofloio their olood round of his altar crowned of flowers; faites fumer un doux encens en Phonneur de ce smoke a sweet frankincense in the honour of the make Dieu. god. Idomenee ecoutoit ce discours la tete baissee Idomeneus listened that discourse the Jiead cast down et sans repondre; la fureur etoit allumee dans ses and wffliout to answer; the fury icas kindled in his yeux; son visage pale et de figure changeoit a tout nio- eyes; his visage pale and disfigured changed at all mo- ment de couleur; on voyqit ses membres "tremblants. ent of colour; they saw his limbs trembling. ependant son fils lui disoit: Me voici, mon pere; lowever his son to him said: Me behold, my father; votre fils est pret a mourir pour appaiser le Dieu; your son is ready to die for to appease the god; n'attirez pas sur vous sa colere: je meurs content 'uio upon you his anger: 1 die contented in ; h wish to be honoured by cruelty; take great care not to add to the fault of your promise that of accomplishing' it, contrary to the laws of nature; offer tb Neptune a hundred bulis whiter than snow; cause their blood to flow around his altar crowned with flowers; cause to smoke a sweet frankincense to the honour of that god.' Idomeneus listened to this discourse, his head hanging down and without, answering; fury was kindled in his eyes; his face, pale and disfigured, changed colour at every moment; bis limbs were seen trembling 1 . Jn the meanwhile his son said to him: behold me, my lather, your son is ready to die in order to |p] ease the god; do not draw his anger upon you: I die tented TELEMACHUS, 199 puisque ma mort vous aura garanti de la votre. since my death yon will have saved of the yours. Frappez, mon pere; ne craigncz point de trouver en Strike, my father; not fear of to find in moi tin fils indigae de vous, qui craigne de mourir. me a son unworthy of you, who fears of to die. En ce moment Idomenee, tout hors de lui et In that moment Idomeneus, all out of himself and comme decline par les Furies infermiles, surprend tous as torn by the furies infernal, surprises all ceux qui l'ebservoient de pres; il enfonce son epee those ivho him observed of near; he thrusts his sivord dans le coeur de cet enfant; ii la retire toute through the heart of that infant} he it draws out all fumante et pleine de sang pour la plonger dans ses smoking and full of blood for it to plunge into his propres entraiiies; il est encore une fois retenu par own bowels; he is still once more restrained by ceux qui Penvironnent. those who him surround. JL'enfant tombe dans son sang; ses yeux se The child falls in his blood; his eyes themselves couvrent des ombres de la morr; il les entrouvre a cover of the shades of the death; he them half open to la lumiere; mais a peine Ta-t-il trouvee, qu'il ne the light; but hardly it has he found, that he not pent plus la supporter. Tel un beau lis au milieu can more it bear. Such a beautiful lily to the middle since my death will have saved yours. Strike, my father; be not afraid of finding in me a son unworthy of you, who fears to die. In that moment Idomeneus, entirely out of his senses, and torn by the infernal furies, surprises all those who closely ob- served him: he thrusts his sword through the heart of that youth: he draws it out, smoking" and full of blood, to plunge it into bis own bowels; he is once more restrained by those who surround him. The child falls into his blood; his eyes are covered by the shades of death; he half opens them to the light; but hardly has he found it; than he can no longer bear it. Like a handsome lily in the middle £00 TELEMACHUS. des champs, coupe dans sa racine par le tranchant of the fields, cut in its roots by the edge de la charrue, languit et ne se souiient plus; of the plough, languishes and not itself sustains any longer; il n'a point encore perdu cette vive blancheur et it not has yet lost that lively whiteness and cet eclat qui charme les yeux, mais la terre ne le that brightness which charms the eyes, but the earth not it nourrit plus, et sa vie est eteinte: ainsi le fils nourishes any longer, and Us life is extinguished: thus the son d'Idomenee, comme une jeune et tendre fleur, est ofldomeneus, as a young and tender flower, is cruellement moissonne des son premier age. cruelly mowed down from his first age. Le pere, dans l'exces de sa douleur, devient insen- The father, in the excess of his grief, becomes insen- sible; il ne sait ou il est, ni ce qu'il a fait, ni ce sible; he not knows where he is, not that which he has done nor that qu'il doit faire; il marche chancelant vers la ville, et tohich he must do; he walks tottering towards the city, and demande son fils. demands his son. Cependant le peuple, tofoche de compassion pour In the meanwhile, the people, touched of compassion for Penfant et d'horreur pour Taction barbare du pere, the child and of horror for the action barbarous- of the father, s' eerie que les Dieux justes Pont livre themselves cried out that the gods just him have delivered up of the fields, cut in its root by the edge of the plough, lan- guishes and supports itself no longer; it has not yet lost that brilliant whiteness which charms the eyes, but the earth nour- ishes it no longer, and its life is extinguished: thus the son of Idomeneus, as a young and tender flower, is cruelly mowed down in his first age. The father, in the excess of his grief, becomes insensible: he knows not where he is, nor what he does, nor what he is to do; he walks, tottering, towards the city, and demands his son. In the meanwhile the people, touched with compassion for the child, and horror for the barbarous action of the father, cried out that the gods had delivered him up TELEMACIIUS. o 01 aux Furies. La fureur leur fournit des armes; ils to the furies. The fury tkem furnished of the arms} they prennent des batons et des pierres; la discord e take of the sticks and cfthe stones; the discord sou*He dans tens les cceurs un venin mortel. Les breathes in all the hearts a venom mortal. The Cretois, les sages Cretois, oublient la sagesse qu'ils Cretans , the wise Cretans, forget the whJom that thsy ont tant aimee; ils ne reconnoissent plus le petit- have so much loved; they not recognised any longer the grand-' fils du sage Minos. Les amis c/Idornenee ne trouvent son of wise *Minos. The friends of Idomeneus not find plus ^ de salut pour lui qu'en le ramenant vers any more of safety for him but in him bringing back towards! ses vaisseaux: ils s' embarquent avec lui; ils his vessels: they themselves embark with him; they fuient a la merci des ondes. Idomenee, revenant fly to the mercy of the waves. Idomeneus, coming back a soi, les remercie de Pavoir arrache d'une to himself, them thanks of him to have torn from a terre qu'il a arrosee du sang de son fils, et qu'il earth which he has bedewed of the blood of his son, and that he ne sauroit plus habiter. Les vents les conduisent not could any longer inhabit. The winds them cenducttd vers THesperie, et ils vont fonder un nouveau towards . the Hesperia, and they go to found a new royaume dans le pays des Saientins. kingdom in the country of the Salentinec. to the furies. Fury furnishes them with arms; they take up sticks and stones. The Cretans, the wise Cretans, forget the wisdom which they have so much loved: they no longer know the grandson of Minos. The friends of Idomeneus find- ing no more safety for him but in taking him back to his vessel: they embark with him, and fly at the mercy of the waves. Ido- meneus, having recovered, thanks them for having torn him from a land which he had bedewed with the blood of his son, and which he could no longer inhabit. The winds lead them to Hesperia, and they go to found a new kingdom in the coun- try of the Salentines. 202 TELEMACHUS. Cependant lcs Cretois, n'ayant plus de roi pour In the meanwhile the Cretans, not having longer of king for les gouverner, ont resolu cPen choisir un qui conserve them to govern, have resolved of them to choose one who can preserve dans leur purete les lois etablies. Voici les mesures in their purity the laics established. Behold the measures qu'ils ont prises pour faire ce choix. Tous les which they have taken for to make this choice. Ml the principaux citoyens des cent villes sont assembles principal citizens of the hundred cities are assembled ici. On a deja commence par des sacrifices; on here. They have already begun by some sacrifices; they a assemble tous les sages les plus fameux des have assembled all the wise men the most famous of the pays voisins pour examiner la sagesse de ceux countries neighbouring for to examine the wisdom of those qui paroitront dignes de commander. On a pre- who will appear worthy of to command. They have pre- pare des jeux publics ou tous les pretendants pared of the games public where all the pretenders combattront; car on veut donner pour prix la royaute will combat; for they wish to give for price the royalty a celui qu'on jugera vainqueur de tous les autres to him that they will judge conqueror of all the ethers et pour Pesprit et pour le corps. On veut un roi and for the genius and for the body. They want a king dont le corps soit fort et adroit, et dont I'ame soit of whom the body be strong and active, and of whom the soul be In the meanwhile the Cretans, having no king- to govern them; have resolved to choose one who can preserve the estab- lished laws in their purity. Behold the measures which they have taken in order to make this choice. All the principal citizens of the hundred cities are assembled here. Already they have begun by sacrifices; they have assembled all the wise men of the neighbouring countries, in order to examine the wisdom of those who will appear worthy of commanding. They have prepared public games in which all the pretenders will combat; for they wish to give the royalty as a prize to him whom they will judge conqueror of all the others both with res- pect to genius and bodily accomplishments. They want a king whose body be strong and adroit, and whose mind be TELEMACHUS. 203 ornSe de la sagesse et de la vertu. On appelle ici adorned of the loisdom and of the virtue. They call here tous les etrangers. all the strangers. Apres nous avoir raconte toute cette histoire eton- Sfter to us to have related all that history aston- nante, Nausicrate nous dtt: hatez-vous done, 6 ishing, Nausicrates to us said: hasten you then, O Strangers, de venir dans notre assemblee: vous strangers, of to come in our assembly; you combattrez avec les autres: et si les Dieux destinent will combat ivith the others: and if the gods destine la victoire a I'un de vous, il regoera en ce pays. the victory to the one of you, he will reign in this country. Nous ie suiumes, sans aucun desir de vaincre, mais We him followed, without any desire of to conquer, but par la seule curiosite cie voir une chose si extraordi- by the sole curiosity of to~§ee a thing so extraordi- naire. nary. Nous arrivames a une espece de cirque tres-vaste, We arrived to a kind of circus very vast, environne d'une epaisse foret: le miiieu du cirque environed of a thick forest: the middle of the circus etoit une arene preparee pour les combattants; elle %oas an arena prepared for the combatants; it etoit bordee par un grand amphitheatre d'un gazon was bordered by a large amphitheatre of a turf adorned with wisdom and virtue. They invite here all stran- gers. After having related to us this astonishing story, Nausicra- tes told us: make haste, therefore, O strangers, to come into our assembly: you will combat with the others; and if the gods destine the victory to anyone of you, he shall reign in this country. We followed him, without any desire of conquering, but through curiosity alone of seeing so extraordinary a thing. We arrived at a kind of circus very spacious, surrounded by a thick forest; the middle of that circus was an area prepared for the combatants; it was bordered by a large amphitheatre of fresh turf 204 TELEMACflUS. frais sur kquel etoit assis et range un peuple in - fre ?h upon which was seated and ranged a people m- nombrable. Quand nous arrivames on nous re cut numerable. When we arrived they us received avee honneur; car les Cretois sont les peuples du with honour; for the Cretans are the ' pecple of the monde qui exercent le plus noblement et avec le world who practise the most nobly and with plus de religion l'hospitalite. ():j nous fit asseoir, et most of religion the hospitality. They us made to sit, and on nous in vita a combattre. Mentor s' en they us invited to combat. Mentor himself of it excusa sur son age, et Hazael sur sa foible same. excused upon his age, and Hazael upon his weak .health. Ma jeunesse et ma vigueur m'otoient toute ex- My youth and my vigour from me took all ex- cuse; je jetai neanmoins un coup-d'ceiT "s«r Mentor cuse; I cast nevertheless a blew of eye upon Mentor pour decouvrir sa pensec; et j'appercus qu'il in order to discover his thought; and I perceived that he souhaitoit que je combattisse. J'accept.v clone i'orTre wished that I ivould combat. I accepted then the ojftr qu'on me faisoit: je me depouillai de mes habits; which one me made: I myself shipped of ■ my habits; on fit couler des {lots d'buile douce ei luisante sur they made to flow some floods of oil sweet and shining jipon tons les membres de mon corps; et je me melai all the members of my body; and J myself mixed upon which were seated and ranged an innumerable people. When we arrived we were received with honour; for the Cre- tans are a people of the world who exercise, with the must noble- ness and the most religion, hospitality. They made us sit down, and invited us to combat. Mentor excused himself on account of his great age, and Hazael on his weak health. My youth and vigour took away all excuses from me; I nevertheless cast a glance of an eye upon Mentor, that I might discover his thoughts: and I perceived that he wished that 1 should combat. I therefore accepted the offer that they made me: I stripped myself of my clothes; they caused to flow a flood of sweet and shining oil over all the limbs of my body; and I mixed myself TELEMACHUS. £05 parmi les combattants. On (lit de tous cotes que among the combatants. They said of all sides that c'etoit le fils d'Ulysse qui etoit venu pour tacher it was the son of Ulysses who was come for to endeavour de remporter les prix; et plusieurs Cretois qui avoient of carry the prize; and many Cretans who had ete a Itnaque pendant mon enfance me reconnurent. been to Ithaca during my infancy me recognised. Le premier rombat fut celui de la lutte. Un The first combat was that of the wrestling. A Rhodien d'environ trente-cinq ans surmonta tous Rhodian of environs (about) thirty-five years surmounted all les autres qui oserent se presenter a lui. II etoit the others who dared themselves to present to him. He was encore clans toute la vigueur de la jeunesse: ses bras yet in all the vigour of the youth: his arms etoient nerveux et bien nourris; au moindre were nervous and ivell nourished; at the least mouvement qu'il faisoit on voyoit tous ses muscles; motion that he made they saw all his muscles; il etoit egalement souple et fort. Je ne lui parus he was equally supple and strong. I not to him appeared pas digne d'etre vaincu; et, regardant avec pitie worthy of to be vanquished; and> looking with pity ma tend re jeunesse, il voulut se retirer: my tender youth, he was willing himself to retire: mais je me presentai a lui. Alors nous nous but I myself presented to him. Then we ourselves among- the combatants. They said on all sides that it was the son of Ulysses who was come lo endeavour to carry the prize; and many Cretans who had been in Ithaca during my infancy knew me. The first comhat was that of wrestling". A Rhodian of about five and thirty years, surpassed all those who dared to present themselves before him. He was still in all the vigour of youth; his arms were nervous and well nourished; at the least motion he made, all his muscles were seen. He was equally supple and strong. I did not appear to him worthy of being conquer- ed; and, looking with pity on my tender youth, he wished to withdraw: but I presented myself to him. Then we s 206 TELEMACHUS. saisimes Tun Tautre;- nous nous serrames a perdre seized v the one the other; we us pressed to lose la respiration. Nous etions epaule contre epaule, the breath. We were shoulder against shoulder, pied contre pied, tous les nerfs tendus et les bras foot against foot, all the nerves stretched and the aims entrelaces comme des serpents, chacun s' efforcant entwined as of the serpents, every one himself endeavouring d'enlever de terre son ennemi. Tantot il of to raise up from the ground his enemy. Sometimes he essayoit de me surprendre en me poussant du tried of me to surprise in me pushing of the cote droit, tantot il s'efforcoit de me pencher side right, sometimes he himself endeavoured of me to incline du cote gauche. Pendant qu'il me latoit ainsi, je of the side left. Whilst that he me tried thus, I le poussai avec tant de violence, que ses reins him pushed with so much of violence, that his back plierent: il tomba stir Parene et m'entraina sur bent: he fell upon the arena and me dragged upon lui. En vain il tacha de me mettre dessous; je le him. In vain he tried of me to put under; J him tins immobile sous moi held immovable under me. victoire au fils d'Ulysse! victory to son of Ulysses! confus a se relever. confused to himself to raise up. Tout le peuple cna; Ml the people cried out: et j'aidai au Rhodien and I helped to the Rhodian seized one another; we pressed one another even to lose breath. We were shoulder against shoulder, foot against foot, all our nerves stretched, and our arms entwined as serpents, every one endeavouring" to raise up his enemy from the ground. Sometimes he tried to surprise me in pushing me to the right, and sometimes he endeavoured to incline me on the left side. Whilst he tried me thus, 1 pushed him with such violence, that his back yielded; he fell upon the arena and drew me upon him. lie tried in vain to put me under him; but 1 held him motion- less under me. The whole people cried out: victory to the son of Ulysses! and I helped the confused Rhodian to get up. TELEMACHUS. 207 Le combat du ceste fut plus difficile. Le fils d'un The combat of the cestus icas more difficult. The son of a riche citoyen de Samos avoit acquis une haute re- rich citizen of Samos had . acquired a high re- putation dans ce genre de combat. Tous les autres putation in this kind of combat. All the others lui cederent; il n'y eut que moi qui esperai la to him yielded; it not there had but me who hoped the victoire. D'abord il me donna dans la tete, et puis victory. At first he to me gave in the head, and then dans Testomac, cles coups qui me firent vomir le in the stomach, some blows which me made to vomit the sang, et qui repandi^ent stir mes yeux un epais nuage. blood, and which spread over my eyes a thick cloud. Je chancelai; il me pressoit, et je ne pouvojs plus J tottered; he me pressed, and / not could more respirer: Mais je fus ranime par la voix de Men- breathe; but I was reanimated by the voice of Men- tor, qui me crioit: 6 fils d'UIysse, seriez vous tor, who tome cried out: Oh son of Ulysses, would you be vaincu? La colere me donna de nouvelles forces; vanquished? The anger to me gave of new forces; j'eviui plusieurs coups dont j'aurois ete acc^ble. I avoided many blows of which I would have been overwhelmed. Aussitot que le Samien m'avoit porte un faux coup, As soon as the Samian to me had carried a false blow, et que son bras s' alongeoit en vain, je le surprenois and that his arm itself stretched in vain, I him surprised The combat of the cestus was more difficult. The son of a rich citizen of Samos had acquired great reputation in that kind of combat. All others yielded to him; there was but I who hoped for victory. He gave me at first, on the head and then on the breast, blows which made me vomit blood, and spread over my eyes a thick cloud. I reeled; he pressed me, and I could no longer breathe: but I was reanimated by the voice of Mentor, who cried out to me; O, son of Ulysses, would you be vanquished? Anger gave me new forces; 1 ward- ed off many blows by which I would have been overwhelmed. As soon as the Samian had carried to me a false blow, and his arms were stretching in vain, I surprised him 208 TELEMACHUS. dans cette posture penchee: deja il reculoit, quand in that posture inclined: already he recoiled, when je haussai mon ceste pour tomber sur lui avec plus / lifted up my cestus in order to Jail upon him with more de force: il voulut esquiver, et perdant l'equilibre, of force: he wished to avoid, and loosing the equilibrium, il me donna le moyen de le renverser. A peine he tome gave the mean of him to overset. Hardly fut-il etendu par terre que je lui tendis la main was he stretched by ground that I to him stretched the hand pour le relever. II se redressa de lui-meme, for him to raise up. He himself erected of himself, couvert de poussiere et de sang: sa honte fut ex- covered of dust and of blood; his shame was ex- treme; mais il n'osa renouveler le combat. treme; but he not dared to renew the combat. Aussitot on commeii^a la course des chariots Immediately they began the course of the chariots que Ton distribua au sort. Le mien se trouva that them they distributed to the lot. The mine itself found ie moindre pour la le^erete des roues et pour la the least for the lightness of the wheels and for the vigueur des chevaux. Nous partons: un image de vigour of the horses. We depart: a cloud of poussiere vole et couvre le ciel. Au commencement iust flies and covers the heaven. M the beginning je laissai les autres passer devant moi. Un jeune / . let the others pass before me. Ji young in that inclined posture; already he recoiled, when I lifted up my cestus in order to fall upon him with more force; he wished to escape, and losing" the equilibrium, he gave me the means of oversetting him. Hardly was he stretched on the ground than I extended my hand to raise him up. He rose himself, cover- ed with dust and blood; his shame was extreme; but he dared not to renew the combat. They began immediately the race of the chariots, which were distributed by lot. Mine was found the least on account of the lightness of the wheels and the vigour of the horses; we started; a cloud of dust flies and covers the heaven. I let, at the beginning, the others pass before me. A young TELEMACHUS. 209 Lacedemonien, nomme Crantor, laissoit d'abord tous Lacedemonian, named . Crantor, left at first all les autres derriere lui. Un Cretois, nomme Poly- pe others behind him. A Cretan, named Poly- clete, le suivoit de pres. Hippomaque, parent d'ldo- cletes, him followed of near. Hippomac, relation of Ido- menee, et qui aspiroit a lui succeder, lachant les renes meneus, and xoho aspired to him to succeed, relaxing the reins a ses chevaux fumants de sueur, etoit tout penche to his horses smoking of sweat, was entirely inclined sur leurs crins flottants; et le mouvement des roues upon their hairs flowing; and the motion of the icheels de son chariot etoit si rapide, qu'elles paroissoient of his chariot ivas so rapid, that they appeared immobiies comme les ailes d'un aigle qui fend les motionless as the icings of an eagle who cleaves the. airs. Mes chevaux s' animerent et se air. JTy horses themselves animated and themselves mirent pL j u-a peu en haleine; je laissai loin derriere put little by little in breath; I left far behind moi presque tous ceux qui etoient partis avec tant me almost all those who were gone with so much d'ardeur. Hippomaque, parent d'ldomenee, poussant of ardour. Hippomac, relation of Idomeneus, pushing trop ses chevaux, le plus vigoureux s' abattit, too much his horses, the most vigorous himself fell down, Lacedemonian, named Crantor, left at first the others all behiod him. A Cretan, named Polycletus, followed him close. Hyppomacus, relation to Idomeneus, and who aspired to succeed him, slackening the reins of his horses smoking with sweat, was wholly inclined on their floating manes; and the mo- tion of the wheels of his chariot was so rapid, as to appear im- movable, like the wings of an eagle who cleaves the air. My horses became animated, and by degrees put themselves in breath. I left far behind me almost all those who had gone with so much ardour. Hyppomacus, relation to Idomeneus, pushing his horses too much, the most vigorous fell, s 2 210 TELEIUACHUS. et par sa chute il ota a son maitre l'esperance de and by his fall he took to his master the hope of regner. to reign* Polyclete, se penchant trop sur ses chevaux, ne Polycletes, himself inclining too much upon his horses, not put se tenir ferme dans une secousse; it tomba, was able himself to hold firm in a shake; he fell, les renes lui echapperent; et il fut trop heureux de the reins him escaped; and he ivas too happy cf pouvoir eviter la mort. Crantor, voyant avec des to be able to avoid the death. Crantor, seeing with of the yeux pleins d'indignation que j'etois tout aupres de eyes full of indignation that I was quite near of lui, redoubla son ardeur: tantot il invoquoit les him, redoubled his ardour: sometimes he invoked the Dieux et leur promettoit de riches oflYandes, tantot gods and to them promised of rich offerings, sometimes il parloit a ses chevaux pour les animer: il craignoit he spoke to his horses for them to animate : he feared que je ne passasse entre la borne et lui; car mes that I not would pass between the bourn and him; for my chevaux, mieux menages que les siens, etoient en hqfses, better governed than the his, were in etat de le devancer: il ne lui restoit plus condition of him to pass before; it not to him remained more d'autre resSource que celle de me fermer le passage. of other resource but that of to me to shut the passage. and by his fall he took from his master the hope of reigning*. Foiycrates, bending- himself too much on his horses, could not hold firm in a shock: he fell down, the reins escaped him, and he was very fortunate to be able to avoid death. Crantor, seeing with eyes full of indignation that I was close to him, re- doubled his ardour; sometimes he invoked the gods, and prom- ised to them rich offerings, sometimes he spoke to his horses in order to animate them; he was afraid lest I would pass be- tween the bourn and him; for my horses, better governed than his own, were in a condition to go before him: no other re- sources were now left to him butthat of shutting the passage against me. TELEMACHUS. 211 Pour y reussir, il hazarda de se briser contre In order in it to succeed, he hazarded of himself to break against la borne; il y brisa effectivement sa roue. Je ne the bourn; he there Iroke effectively his wheel. I not sorgeai qu'a faire prompteinent le tour pour n'etre thought but to make quickly the turn for not to be pas engage dans son desordre; et il me vit un moment engaged in his disorder; and he me saw a moment apres au bout de la carriere. Le peuple s'- after at end of the career, The people themselves ecria encore une fois: victoire au fils d'Ulysse! died out yet once more: victory to the son of Ulysses! C'est lui que les Dieux destinent a regner sur nous. It is he whom the gods destine to reign over us. Cependant les plus iilustres et les plus sages However the most illustrious and the most wise d'entre les Cretois nous conduisirent dans un bois from among the Cretans us conducted into a wood antique et sacre, recule de la vue des hommes pro- ancient and sacred y distant of the sight of the men pro- fanes, ou les vieillards que Minos avoit etablis juges fane, where the old men whom Minos had established judges du peuple et gardes des lcis nous assemblerent. of the people and guardians of the laws us assembled. Nous etions les memes qui avions combattu dans les We were the same who had combated in the jeux; nul autre n'y fut admis. Les sages games; no other not there was admitted. The wise men In order to succeed io it, he hazarded to break his chariot against the bourn; he broke there effectual!? one of the wheels of it. I thought but to make quickly a turn that I might Dot be entangled in his disorder: and he saw me at the moment after at the end of the career. The people cried out once more: victory to the son of Ulysses! it is he whom the gods destine to reign over us! In the meanwhile the most illustrious and wisest from among the Cretans conducted us into an ancient and sacred wood, re- moved from the sight of profane men, where the old men whom Minos had established judges of the people, and guardi- ans of the laws, assembled us. We were the same who had com- bated in the games, no other one was admitted there. The wise men 21« TELEMACHUS. ouvrirent le livre ou toutes les lois de Minos sont opened the book where all the laws of Minos are recueillies. Je me sentis saisi de respect et de collected. I myself felt seized of respect and of honte quand j'apptochai de ces vieillards que l'age shame whtn I approached of these old men whom the age rendoit venerables sans leur oter la vigueur de rendered venerable without from them to take the vigour of Pesprit. lis etoient assis avec ordre, et immobiles the mind. They were seated with order, and motionless dans Leurs places: leurs cheveux etoient blancs; plusieurs in their places: their hairs were white; many n'en avoient presque plus. On voyoit reluire not of them had almost none. They saw to shine sur leurs visages graves une sagesse douce et upon their visages grave a wisdom sweet and tranquille; ils ne se pressoient point de parler; tranquil; they not themselves were eager of to speak; ils ne disoient que ce qu'iis avoient resolu de they not said but that which they had resolved of dire. Quand ils etoient d'avis differents ils to say. When they ivere. of opinions different they etoient si moderes a soutenir ce qu'iis pensoient were so moderate to sustain that which they thought de part et d'autre, qu'on aurqit cru qu'ils of part and of other, that one would have believed that they etoient tous d'une meme opinion. La longue experi- were all of one same opinion. The long expert- opened the book in which all the laws of Minos are collected. I felt myself seized with respect and shame wheo I approached to these old men whom age rendered venerable without taking from them the vigour of their mind. They were seated with order, and motionless in their places: their hairs were white; and many had almost none. A wisdom sweet and tranquil was seen brightening on their faces; they were not eager to speak; they said but what they had determined to say. When they were of different opinions, they were on both parts so moderate in supporting what they thought, that one would have believed that thjey were ail of the same opinion. The lang experi- TELEMACH17S. 213 ence des choses passees, et 1'habitude du travail, ence of the things past, and the habit of the work, leur donnoicnt de grandes vues sur toutes choses; to them gave of great views upon all things; mais ce qui perfectionnoit le plus leur raison, c'etoit but that which perfected the most their reason, it was le calme de leur esprit delivre des folles passions the calmness of their mind delivered of the mad passions et des caprices de la jeunesse. La sagesse toute seule and of the caprices of the youth. The wisdom all alone agissoit en eux, et le fruit de leur longue vertu etoit acted in them, and the fruit of their long virtue was d'avoir si bien domte leurs humeurs, qu'ils of to have so well tamed their humours, that they goutoient sans peine le doux et noble plaisir d'ecouter tasted without pain the sweet and noble pleasure of to listen la raison. En les admirant je souhaitai que ma vie the reas&n. In them admiring I wished that my life put s' accourcir pour arriver tout-a-coup could itself shorten for to arrive all to blow (suddenly) a une si estimable vieillesse. Je trouvois la jeunesse to a so estimable old age- I found the youth malheureuse d'etre si impetueuse et si eloignee de unhappy of to be so impetuous and so remote of cette vertu si eclairee et si tranquille. that virtue so enlightened and so tranquil. Le premier d'entre ces vieillards ouvrit le livre The first from among these old men opened the book ence of the past, and the habit of work, gave them great views over all things; but what perfected their reason the most was, the calm of their minds, delivered from mad passions, and from the caprices of youth. Wisdom alone acted in them, and the fruit of their long virtue was, to have so well tamed their hu- mour, that they tasted without pain the sweet and noble plea- sure of listening to reason. 1 wished in admiring them that my life could be shortened in order to arrive at once to so es- timable an old age. f found youth unhappy to be so impetu- ous and so remote from that virtue so enlightened and so tran- quil. The first from among these old men opened the book 214 TELEMACHUS. des lois de Minos, c'etoit un grand livre qu'on of the laws of Minos, it was a great book which they tenoit d'ordinaire renferme dans une cassette d'or avec held of ordinary shut up in a casket of gold ivith des parfums. Tous ces vieillards le baiserent avec of the perfumes. Jill these old men it kissed with respect; car ils disent qu'apres les D;eux, de qui respect; for they say that after the gods, from whom les bonnes lois viennent, rien ne doit etre si sacre the good laics come, any thing not must be so sacred aux hommes que les lois destinees a les rendre bons, to the men than the laics destined to them to render good, sages et heureux. Ceux qui ont dans leurs mains les wise and happy. Those ivho have in their hands the lois pour gouverner les peuples doivent toujours laios for to govern the people must always se laisser gouverner eux-memes par les lois. themselves to let to govern themselves oy the laws. C'est la loi, et non pas l'homme, qui doit regner. It is the law, and not the man, who must reign. Tel etoit le discours de ces sages. Ensuite celui Such ivas the discourse of these wise men. Jlfterwards he qui presidoit proposa trois questions, qui devoient ivho presided proposed three questions, which should be etre decidees par les maximes de Minos. to be decided by the maxims of Minos. La premiere question etoit de savoir quel est le The first question u'as of to know who is the of the laws of Minos. It was a large book which was held shut up in a casket of gold with perfumes. All these old men kissed it with respect; for they say that after the gods, from whom the good laws come, nothing ought to be more sacred to men than the laws destined to render them good, wise and happy. Those who have the laws in their hands in order to govern the peo- ple, ought to suffer themselves to be governed by the laws. It is the law, and not the man, which ought to reign. Such was the discourse of these wise men. Afterwards he who presided proposed three questions, which were to be decided by the maxims of Minos. The first question was to know who is the TELEMACHUS. 215 plus libre de tous les hommes. Les uns repondirent most free of all the men. The ones answered que c'etoit un roi qui avoit sur son peuple un empire that it was a king who had vpon his people an empire absolu et qui etoit victorieux de tous ses ennemis. absolute and who was victorious of all his enemies. D'autres soutinrent que c'etoit un homme si riche Of others sustained that it loas a man so rich qu'il pouvoit contenter tous ses desirs. D'autres dirent that he could content all his desires. Of others said que c'etoit un homme qui ne se marioit point, et that it was a man ivho not himself married, and qui voyageoit pendant toute sa vie en divers pays who travelled during all his life in divers countries sans jamais etre assujetti aux lois d'aucune nation. without ever to be subjected to the laivs of any nation. D'autres s' imaginerent que c'etoit un barbare, Of others themselves imagined that it w as a barbarian, qui, vivant de sa chasse au milieu des bois, etoit in- who, living of his chase in midst of the woods, was in- dependent de toute police et de tout besoin. D'autres dependent of all police and of all want. \ Of others crurent que c'etoit un homme nouvellement affranchi, believed that it was a man newly affranchized, parcequ'en sortant des rigueurs de la servitude because in coming out of the rigours of the servitude il jouissoit plus qu'aucun autre des douceurs de he enjoyed more than any other of the sweetnesses of freest of all men. Some answered that it was a king* who had an absolute empire over his people, and was victorious over all his enemies. Others maintained that it was a man so rich as to be able to content all his desires. Others said that it was a man who never married, and who travelled during- his life into different countries without ever being subject to the laws of any nation. Others imagined that it was a barbarian, who liv- ing upon his chace m the middle of the woods, was independent of all police and of all needs. Others believed that it was a man newly emancipated because thai in coming out of the rig- ours of servitude, he enjoyed more of the sweets of 216 TELEMACHUS. la liberte. D'autres enfin s' aviserent de dire the liberty. Of others in fine themselves fancied of to say qne c'etoit un homme mourant, parceque la mort le that it ioos a man dying* because the death him deiivroit de t^ut, et que tous les hommes ensemble delivered of all, and that all the men together n'avoient plus aucun pouvoir sur lui. not had any longer any power over him. Qne de i'etre; son malheur augmente tous !es jours; worthy of so to be: his misfortune encr eases every the days; il court a sa perte; ei les Dieux se prep arent a he runs to his loss; and the gods themselves prepare to le confo.-sdre par une punition eternelle. Toute l'as- him to confound by a punishment denial. All the as- semblee avoua que j'avois vaincu le sage Lesbien, sembly avowed that I had vanquished the. wise Lesbian, et les vieiUards declarerent que j'avois rencontre le and the old men declared that 1 had met the vrai sens de Minos. true meaning of Minos, Pour la troisieme question, on demanda: lequel As for the third question, they demanded: which des deux est preferable: d'un cote, un roi con- ofthe two is preferable: of one side, a king con' querant et invincible dans la guerre; de P.iutre, un roi queror and invincible in the war; of the other, a king sans experience de la guerre, mais propre a policer icithout experience of the war, but fit to civilize sagement les pcuoles dans la paix? la plupart wisely the people in the peace? the most part repondirent que le roi invincible dans la guerre answered that the king invincible in the war he never has tasted the pleasure of doing 1 good, nor felt the charms of pure virtue. He is unhappy, and worthy to be so; his unhapptness increases every day; he runs to his ruin, and the gods prepare themselves to confound him by an eternal punishment. All the assembly declared that I had vanquished the wise Lesbian, and the old men proclaimed that I had met with the true sentiment of Minos. As for the third question, they asked: which of the two is preferable; on one side, a king, victorious and invincible in war; on the other, a king, without experience in war, but quali- fied to govern wisely the people in peace? the most part an- swered, that the king invincible in war */ £20 TELEMACXIUS, etoit preferable. A quoi sert, disoient ils, d'avoir was preferable. To what serves, said they, to have un roi qui sache bien gouverner en paix, s'il * king who knows well to govern in peace, if he ne salt pas defendre le pays quand la guerre not knows to defend the country vient? les enemis le vaincront tomes? the enemies him will vanquish peuple en servitude. D'autres people into servitude* Of others contraire, que le roi pacifique that the king pacific when the war et reduiront son and icill reduce his contrary, parcequ'il soutenoient, au sustained, to the seroit meilleur, would be better, because he ses soins. his cares. craindroit la guerre et l'eviteroit par would fear the icar and it would avoid by D'autres disoient qu'un roi conquerant Of others said that a king conqueror travailleroit a la gloire de son peuple aussi-bien would work to the glory of his people as well qu'a la sienne, et qu'il rendroit ses sujets «5 to the his own, and that he would render his subjects maitres des autres nations; au lieu qu'un masters of the other nations; to the place (instead) that a roi pacifique les tiendrbit dans une* honteuse them would hold voulut savoir vrished to know king pacific lachete. On cowardice. They repondis ainsi: answered thus: in mon my a shameful sentiment. Je sentiment. 1 was preferable. What avails it, said they, to have a king who knows well how to govern in peace, if he does not know how to defend the country when war comes? the enemies will vanquish him and reduce his people into servitude. Others maintained, on the contrary, that the pacific king' would be the best, because he would fear war, and would, by his care, avoid it. Others said that a conquering king would work for ihc ^lo- ry of his people, as well as for his own, and that he would ren- der his subjects masters of other nations; instead of that a pacific king would hold them in shameful cowardice. They wisiied to know my seutimeuts. J answered thus: TELEMACHUS. 9&\ Un qu'a but to roi qui ne sait gouverner que dans la king who not knows to govern but in the paix ou dans la guerre, et qui n'est pas capable peace or in the war, and who not is capable de conduire son peuple dans ces deux etats, n'est of to conduct his people in these two conditions, not is Mais si vous comparez un roi But if you compare a king guerre, a un roi sage qui, sans war, to a king wise who, without est capable de la soutenir dans is capable of it to sustain in ses generaux, je le trouve preferable his generals, I him find preferable entierement tourne a la guerre entirely turned to the war la faire pour etendre sa it to make in order to extend his demi roi. half king. ne sait que la not knows but the savoir la to know the le besoin the necessity a l'autre. to the other. guerre, war, par by Un A qui who roi king toujours always et sa ! and his VOU droit would vnsh domination domination peupie. A people. To subjugue d'autres subjugate of other sous son pegne? under his reUal q ! i oi what gloife glory soit-ii a seivts it to propr own: u.i a SI if ii ruineroit son he would ruin his peuple que son roi pa pie that their king est malheureux unhappy on. entrament drag toujours always nations, nations, if they are d'ailii urs, les longues guerres besidts, the long wars apres elles beaucoup de des- after them great deal of dis- A king" who only knows how to govern in peace or in war, who is not capable of conducting' his people in these two con- ditions, is but half a king 1 ; but if you compare a king, who knows but war, to a wise king, who, without knowing war, is capable to sustain it in time of need by his generals, I find hirn preferable to the other. A king entirely turned to war, would always wish to make war, in order to extend his domin- ion aid his own glory: he would ruin his people. . What use is it for a people that their king subjugates other nations, if they are unhappy under his reign? Besides, long wars draw always after them a great deal of dis t 2 222 TELEMACHUS. ordres; les victorieux memes se dereglent orders; the victorious ever themselves disorder pendant ces temps de confusion. Voyez ce qu'il during these times of confusion. See that which it en coute a la Grece pour avoir triomphe de of it cost to the Greece for to have triumphed of Troie: elle a ete privee de ces rois pendant Troy: it has been deprived of these kings during plus de dix ans. Lorsque tout est en ftju par la more of ten years. When all is in fire by the guerre, les lois, Pagriculture, les arts, languissent: war, the laws, the agriculture, the arts, languish: les meilleurs princes roeme, pendant qu'ils ont une the best princes even, whilst that they have a guerre a soutenir, sont contraints de farre le plus war to sustain, are constrained of to make the most grand des maux, qui est de tolerer la licence et great of the evils, ichich is of to tolerate the licence and de se servir des mechants. Combien of themselves to make use of the wicked. How many y a-t-il de scelerats qu'on puniroit pendant Iiere has it of villains whom one would punish duri7ig la paix, et dont on a besoin de recompenser the peace, and of whom one has need of to recompense I'audace dans les desordres de la guerre! jamais the audacity in the disorders of the ivar! ever aucun pcuple n'a eu un roi conquerant, sans md people not has had a king conqueror, without order; the victorious themselves become unruly iu those times of confusion. See what loss Greece has sustained for ing triumphed over Troy. It has been deprived of its kings during- more than ten years. When all is in fire by war, the laws, agriculture, and arts, languish; even the best princes, whilst they have a war to sustain, are constrained to do the greatest of evil, which is to tolerate licence and to make use of the wicked. How many villains, whom they would punish during peace, and whose audacity one has need to recompense in the disorders of war! never any people has had a conquer- ing king without TELEMACHUS. *£S avoir beaucoup souffert de son ambition. Un to have very much suffered of his ambition. A conquerant, enivre cie sa gloire, mine presque conqueror, intoxicated of his glory, ruins almost autant sa nation viciorieuse que les nations as much his nation victorious as the nations vaincues. Un prince qui n'a point les qualites vanquished. A prince tww not has the qualities necessaires pour la paix ne peut faire gouter a necessary for the peace not can make to taste to ses sujets les fruits d'une guerre heureusement his subjects the fruits of a tear happily finie: il est comme un homme qui defendroit finished', he is as a man who would defend son champ contre son voisin, et qui usurperoit his field against his neighbour \ and icho would usurp celui du voisin meme, mais qui ne sauroit that of the neighbour . even, but who not would knoio ni labourer ni semer pour recueiilir aucune neither to plough nor to soio for to gather any moisson. Un tel homme semble ne pour detruire, harvest. A such men seems bom for to destroy, pour-j'avager, pour renverser le monde, et non for to ravage, for to overset the world, and not pour rendre un peuple heureux par un sage for to render a peopU happy by a wise gouvernement. government. having suffered very much from his ambition. A conqueror, intoxicated with his glory, almost ruins his victorious nation as the vanquished nations. A prince who has not the neces- sary qualifications for peace cannot cause his subjects to taste the fruits of a war happily finished: he is like a man who would defend his field against his neighbour, and who would usurp even that of his neighbour, but who would neither know how- to till, to sow, nor to gather any harvest. Such a man seems to be born in order to destroy, to ravage, to overset the world, and not to render a people happy by a wise government. £«4 TELEMACHUS. Venons maintenant au roi pacifique. II est vrai Let us come now to the king pacific. It is true qu'ii n'est pas propre a de grandes conquetes; c'est-a- that he not is Jit to of great conquests; it is to dire qu'il n'est pas ne pour troubler le bonheur say that he not is born for to disturb the happiness de son peuple en voulant vaincre les autres nations of his people in wishing to conquer the other nations que la justice ne lui a pas soumises; mais s'il est that the justice not to him has submitted; but he is veritablement propre a gouverner en pa'x, il a toutes truly fit to govern in peace, he has alt les qualites necessaires pour mettre son peuple en the qualities necessary for to put his people in sureie contre ses ennemis. Voici comment: il est surety against his enemus. Behold how: he is juste, modere, et commode a Petard de ses just, moderate, and commodious to the regard of his voisins; il irentreprend jamais centre eux rien qui neighbours; he not undertakes ever against them nothing which puisse troubier la paix: il est Bdele dans ses alliances. can disturb the peace: he is faithful in his alliances. Ses allies l'aiment, ne le craignent point, et ont une His allies him love, not him fear, and have an enriere confiance en lui. S'il aquelque voisin inquiet, entire confidence in him. If he has some neighbour restless, hautain et ambitieux, tous les autres rois voisins, qui haughty and ambitious, all the other kings neighbour, who Let us now come to the pacific king. It is true that he is not fit for great conquests; that is to say, he is not born for dis- turbing' the happiness of his people, by wishing to vanquish the other nation, whom justice has not submitted to him: but if he is truly qualifier! to govern in peace, he has all the necessary qualities for putting his people in safety against their enemies. He il just, moderate, and commodious iu regard to his neigh- bours; he never undertakes against them any tiling which can disturb ttieir peace; he is faithful in his alliances His allies love him, do not fear him, and have in him an eutire confidence. If he has some restless neighbour, haughty aud ambitious, all the other kings his neighbours, who / TELEMACHUS. 225 craignent ce voisin inquiet, et qui n'ont aucune ja- fear tfistf neighbour restless, and who not have any jea- lousie du roi pacifiqtie, se joignent a ce bon lousy of the king pacific, themselves join to that good roi pour Pempecher d'etre oprime. Sa probile, sa king for him to prevent oftooe oppressed. His probity, his bonne foi 5 sa moderation, le rendent Farbitre de tous good faith, his moderation, him render the arbiter of all les etats qui environnent le sien. Pendant que le the states which surround the his own. Whilst that the roi entreprenant est odieux a tous les autres, et sans king enterprising is odious to all the others, and without cesse expose a leurs ligues, celui-ci a la gloire d'etre ceasing exposed to their leagues, this one has the glory of to be comine le pere et le tdteur de tous les autres rois. as the father and the guardian of all the other kings, Voilales avantages qu'il a au-dehors. Behold ilie advantages that he has to 'without. Ceux dont il jouit au-dedans sont encore plus Those of which he enjoys within are still more solides. Puisqu'il est propre a g-ouveruer en paix, je solid. Since that he is fit to got in peace, I suppose qu'il gouverne par les plus sages lois. II suppose that he governs by the mo:t w . , He retranche le faste, la mollesse, et tous les arts qui retrenches the luxury, the effeminacy, and all the arts which ne servent qu'a flatter les v fak fleurir les not serve bat to flatter the vi:e: he causes to flourish the fear this restless king-, and who have jealousy ot'ffjifa pacific king-, join themselves to this good ki in order to prevent him from being 1 oppressed. His probity, good faith, his modera- tion, render him the arbiter of all the other states which sur- round his own. Whilst that the enterprising 1 king- is odious to all the others, and continually exposed to their leagues, this one has the glory of being considered as the father and guar- dian of all the other kings. Behold the advantages which he has abroad. Those which he enjoys within are still more solid. Since he is fit to govern in peace, I suppose that he governs according to the wisest laws. He retrenches luxury, effeminacy, and all the arts which serve only to flatter vices; he causes to flourish the •a 2,26 TELEMACHUa. autres arts qui sont utiles aux veritables besoms de la other arts which are useful to the true wants of the vie; sur-tout il applique ses sujets a Ta^ricultiVre. life; above all he applies his subjects to the agriculture. Par-la il les met dans l'abondance des choses neces- By that he them puts in the abundance of the things neces- saires Ce peuple laborieux, simple dans ses maeurs, sary. This people laborious, simple in their manners, accoutume a vivre de peu, gagnsrot fcicilement sa accustomed to live of little, gaining with facility their vie par la culture de ses terres, se multiplie a living by the cultivation of their lands, themselves multiply to Finfini. Voila clans ce royaunie un peuple innombra- the infinity. Behold in that kingdom a people innumera- ble, mais un peuple sain ux, robuste, qui n'est hie, but a people healthy, vigorous, robust, who not is poini amolii par Les voluptes, qui est exerce effeminated by the voluptuousness, who is exercised a la vertu, qui n'est point attache aux douceurs d'une to the virtue, who not is attached to the sivectness of a vie lache et delicieuse, qui sait mepriser la mort, qui life base and delicious, who knows to despise the death, who aimeroit mieux mourir que de perdre cette liberte ivould love better to die than of to lose that liberty qu'il goute sous un sage roi applique a ne regner which he tastes under a vnse king applied to not to reign que pour faire regner la raison. Qu'un conquerant but for to make to reign the reason. That a conqueror other arts which are useful to the true wants of life; especially he applies his subjects to agriculture. Thereby he puts them in abundance of necessary thing's. This laborious people, simple in their manners, accustomed to live on little, g-aining with facility their living- by the culture of their lands, multi- ply themselves to infinity. Behold in that kingdom an in- numerable people, but a people healthy, and robust, who are not effeminated by voluptuousness, who are exercised to virtue, who are not attached to the softness of a vile and despicable life, who know how to despise death, who would prefer to die rath- er than lose that liberty which they enjoy under a wise king* applied to reign only to cause reason to reign. Let a conquer- ing TELEMACHUS 227 voisin attaque ce peuple, il ne le trouvera peut-etre neighbour attack this people, he not them will find perhaps pas assez accoutume a camper, a se ranger en enough accustomed to encamp, to themselves to range in batailie, ou a dresser des machines pour assieger une battle array, or to erect of the machines for tobesiege a ville; mais il le trouvera invincible par sa multitude, city; but he them will find invincible by their multitude 9 par son courage, par sa patience dans les fatigues, by their courage, by their patience in the fatigues, par son habitude de souffrir la pauvrete, par sa vi- by their habitude of to suffer the poverty, by their vi- gueur dans les combats, et par une vertu que les gour in the combats, and by a virtue which the mauvais succes memes ne peuvent abattre. D'ailleurs, lad successes ever not can discourage. Besides^ si ce roi n'est pas assez experimente pour if that king noi is enough experienced for commander lui-meme ses armes, il les fera to command himself his armies, he them will make commander par des gens qui en seront capables, to command by of the people who of it ivillbe capable, et il saura s' en servir sans perdre son and he will know himself of them to employ without to lose his autorite. Cependant il tirera du secours de ses authority. In the meanwhile he will draiv of the succours of his allies: ses sujets aimeront mieux mourirquede passer allies; his sityccts will love better to die than of to pass king attack this people, perhaps he will not find them accus- tomed enough to encamp, to range themselves in battle array, or to erect machines to be ; lege a city; but he will find them invincible by their multitude, by their courage, by their pati- ence in the fatigues, by their habit of suffering 1 poverty, by their vigour in the combats, and by a virtue which even bad success cannot discourage. Beside.-, if this king is not expe- rienced enough for commanding his aimies by himself, he will cause them to be commanded by men who will be capable of it, and he will know how to employ them without losing his rity. However, he will draw succours from his allies: his subjects would rather prefer to die, than to pass 228 TELEMA'CHUS. sous la domination d'un autre roi violent et injuste; under the domination of an other king violent and unjust: les Dieux memes combattront pour lui. Voyez the gods themselves will combat for him. See quelles ressources il aura au milieu des plus what resources he will have in the middle of the most grands perils. great perils. Jo conclus done que le roi pacinque qui ignore I conclude therefore that the king pacific who is ignorant la guerre es;t tin roi ties impartait, puisqiDl ne sait the war is a king very imperfect, since he not knows point renrplir une cle ses plus grandes fonctions, qui to fulfil one of his most great functions, which est de vaincre ses enneniis: mais j'ajoutc qu'il est is of to vanquish his enemies: but I add that he is neannn/ms iniii.iment superieur au roi conquerant nevertheless infinitely superior to the king conqueror qui manque des qiiaiites necessaires clans la paix, et who wants of the qualities necessary in the peace, and qui n'est propre qu'a la guerre. who not is fit but to the luar. J'appercus dans Tassemblee beaucoup de gens qui I perceived in the assembly many of people wIlo ne pouvoient gouter cet avis: car la plupart des not could relish this opinion: for the most part of the hommes, eblouis par les choses eclatantes, comme les men, dazzling by the things bright, as the under the dominion of another king violent and unjust: the gods themselves would combat for bin). Behold what resources he will have in the midst of the greatest peril. 1 conclude therefore that the pacific king" who is ignorant of war is a very imperfect king, hincc he does not know how to fulfil one of his greatest functions, which is to vanquish his enemies: but I add that he is infinitely superior to tbe conquer- ing king, who wants the necessary qualities during pea^, and who is pnly 'it for \v I perceived in the assembly many persons who could not relish that opinion; for the most part of men, dazzled by splen- did things, as TELEMACHUS. ££9 victoires et les conquetes, les preferent a ce qui est victories and the conquests, them prefer to what is simple, tranquille et solide, comme la paix et la bonne simple, tranquil and solid, as the peace and the good police des peuples. Mais tousles vieillards declarerent police oftlie people. But all the old men declared que j'avois paiie comme Minos. that I had spoken as Minos. Le premier de ces vieillards s' ecria: je vois The first cf these old men himself cried out: I see 1'accomplissement d'un oracle d'Apcllon, connu dans the accomplishment cfan oracle of Apollo, known in toute notre isle. Minos avoit consulte le Dieu pour all our island. Minos had consulted the gid for savoir combien de temps sa race regneroit suivant to know how long of time his race would reign accoi ding les lois qu'il venoit d'etablir. Le Dieu lui to the laws which he came of to establish. The god to him repondit: les tiens cesseront de regner quand un etran- answered: the yours will cease of to reign when a stran- ger entrera dans ton isle pour y faire regner tes ger will enter into thy island for there to make to reign thy lois. Nous avions craint que quelque etranger ne vint laws. We had feared that some stranger not came faire la conquete de l'isle de Crete; mais le malheur to make the conquest of the island of Crete; but the misfortune d'Idomenee, et la sagesse du fils d'UIysse, qui entend of Idomeneus, and the ivisdom of the son of Ulysses, who understands victories and conquests, prefer them to what is simple, tran- quil and solid, as the peace and good police of the people. The first of these old men cried out: I see the accomplish- ment of an oracle of Apollo, known in all our island. Minos had consulted this god, to know how long his race would reign, according to the laws he had just established. This god an- swered him thus: thy race shall cease to reign when a stran- ger will enter into thy island to cause thy laws to reign there. We had feared lest some stranger would come and make the conquest of the island of Crete; but the misfortune of Idome- neus, and the wisdom of the son of Ulysses, who understands u 230 TELEMACHUS. mieux que nul autre mortel les lois de Minos, nous better than no other mortal the laws of Minos, to us montrent le sens de l'oracle. Que tardons-nous shows the meaning of the oracle. Why do delay we a couronner celui que les destins nous donnent pour to crown him whom the destinies tons give for roi? king? better than any other mortal the laws of Minos, show us the meaning of the oracle. Why do we delay to crown him whom the destinies give us for king. END OF BOOK FIPTHt BOOK VI. TRANSLATION OF WORDS. Aussltot les vieillards sortent de l'enceinte du bois Immediately the old men go out of the inclosure oftlie wood sacre; et le premier, me prenant par la main, annonca sacred; and the first t me taking by the hand, announced au peuple, deja impatient dans l'attente d'une de- to the people, already impatient in the expectation of a de~ cision, que j'avois remporte le prix. A peine acheva- cision, that I had carried the prize. Hardly finished t-il de parler, qu'on entendit un bruit confus de he of to speak, that they heard a noise confused of toute l'assemblee. Chacun pousse des cris de j all the assembly. Everyone pushes of the cries of joy. Tout le rivage et toutes les montagnes voisinea Jill the shore and all the mountains neighbouring retentissent de ce cri: Que le fils d'Ulysse, semblable resound of this cry: That the son of Ulysses, like a Minos, regne sur les Cretois! to Minos, reigns over the Cretans! TRANSLATION OF IDEAS. Immediately the old men go out of the inclosure of the sa» cred wood; and the first, taking me by the hand, announced to the people, already impatient of waiting for the decision, that I had carried the prize. Hardly had he done speaking, than a confused noise of all the assembly was heard. Every one shouted cries of joy. The shore, and all the neighbouring mountains, reechoed with this cry: Let the son of Ulysses, like to Minos, reign over the Cretans! 23£ TELEMACHUS. J'attendis un moment, et je faisois signe de la main J waited a moment, and I made sign of the hand pour demander qu'on m'ecoutat. Cependant Men- for to demand that one to me would listen. In the meanwhile Men' tor me disoit a 1'oreille: Renoncez-vous a votre tor tome said to the ear: Renounce you to your partrie? l'ambition de regner vous fera-t-elle oublier country? the ambition of to reign you will make it to forget Penelope qui vous attend comme sa derniere esperance, Penelope ivho you ivaits as her last hope, et le grand Ulysse que les Dieux avoient resolu de and the great Ulysses whom the gods had resolved of vous rendre? Ces paroles percerent mon coeur, you to render? These ivords pierced my heart, et me soutinrent contre le vain desir de regner. and me sustained against the vain desire of to reign. Cependant un profond silence de toute cette In the meanwhile a profound silence of all this tumultueuse assemblee me donna le moyen de parler tumultuous assembly tome gave the means of to speak ainsi: O illustres Cretois, je ne merite point de vous thus: Oh illustrious Cretans, I not merit of you commander. L'oracle qu'on vient de rapporter to command. The oracle that they come of to relate marque bien que la race de Minos cessera de regner marks well that the race of Minos shall cease of to reign quand un etranger entrera dans cette isle, et y when a stranger will enter into this island, and there I waited a moment, and made signs with my hand to ask that they would listen to me. In the meanwhile Mentor whisper- ed to me: do you renounce your country? shall the ambition of reigning make you forget Penelope, who waits for you as her last hope, and the great Ulysses, whom the gods had re- solved to restore to you? these words penetrated through my heart, and sustained me against the vain desire of reigning. However, a profound silence of all the assembly gave me the facility of speaking thus: the oracle which has just been related, marks well that the race of Minos shall cease to reign when a stranger will enter into this island, and TELEMACHUS. fi3& fera regner les lois de ce sage roi: mais il n'est pa* will make reign the laws of this loise king: but it not is dit que cet etranger regnera. Je veux croire said that this stranger will reign. 1 am icilling to believe que je suis cet etranger marque par l'oracle. J'ai that I am this stranger marked by the oracle, I have accompli la prediction; Je suis venu dans cette isle; accomplished the prediction; I am come into this island; J'ai decouvert le vrai sens des lois, et je souhaite que / have discovered the true sense of the laivs, and J wish that mon explication serve a les faire regner avec Phomme my explanation may serve to them to make reign with the man que vnus choisirez. Pour moi, je pretere ma patrie, whom you will choose. For me, I prefer my country, la pauvre petite isle d'lthaque, aux cent villes de the poor little island of Ithaca, to the hundred towns of Crete, a la gloire et a f opulence de ce beau Crete, to the glory and to the opulence of this beautiful royaume. Souffrez que je suive ce que les destins kingdom. Suffer that 1 follow that which the dti ont marque. Si j'ai combattu dans vos jeux, ce have marked. If I have combated in your gaines, it n'etoit pas dans i'esperance de regner ici; c'eto'it pour not was in the hope of to reign here; it was for meriter votre estime et votre compassion; c'etolt afin to merit your esteem and your compassion; it was in order will cause the laws of this wise king* to reign there: but it is not said that this stranger shall reign. 1 am willing to believe that I am that stranger designated by the oracle. I have accomplished the prediction; J have come into this island; 1 have discovered the true meaning of the laws; and I wish that my explanation may serve to cause them to reign with the man whom you will choose. As for me, I prefer my country, the poor island of Ithaca, to the hundred cities of Crete, to the glory and opu- lence of this beautiful kingdom. Suffer that I may follow what destiny has marked. If I have fought in your gamos, it was not in the hope of reigning here; it was to merit jour estc«nt and your compassion; it was in order U 2 234 TELEMACHUS. que vous me donnassiez les moyens de retourner that you tome would give the means of to return promptement au lieu de ma naissance: j'aime mieux quickly to the place of my birth: Hove better obeir a mon pere Ulysse, et consoler ma mere Penelope, to obey to my father Ulysse's, and to console my mother Penelope. que de regner sur tons les peuples de i'univers. O than of to reign over all the people of the universe. Oh Cretois, vous voyez le fond de mon coeur: il faut Cretans y you see the bottom of my heart: it is necessary que je vous quilte; mais la mort seule pourra finir that J you quit; but the death alone will be able to finish ma reconnoissance. Oui, jusques au dernier soupir, my gratitude. Yes, even to the last sign, Telemaque aimera les Cretois, et s' int6ressera a Telemachus loilllove the Cretans, and himself will interest t% leur gloire comme a la sienne propre. • glory as to the his own, A peine eus-je parle qu*il s' eleva dans l'as- Ilardly had I spoken that it itself rose in the as- semble un bruit sourd semblable a celui des vagues sembly a noise confused like to that of the loaves de la mer qui s' entre-choquent dans une tem- of the sea ivhich themselves among shock in a tem- pete. Les uns disoient: est-ce quelque divinite sous pest. The ones said: is it some divinity under une figure humaine? D'autres soutenoient qui'ls a figure human? Some others sustained that they on would furnish mc with the means of quickly returning" to the place of my birth: I prefer to j>bey my father Ulys- ses, and console my mother Penelope, than to reign over all the people of the universe. O Cretans, you see the bottom of my heart: it is necessary that I quit you; but death will alone be able to put an end lo my gratitude. Yes, Telemachus will, to his last wghi love the ' and will take an interest in their glory, as in his own. Hardly had I spoken, when there arose in the assembly a cqnfused noise, like that of the waves of the Bea, which dash against one another in a tempest. Some it is a divinity under a human shape? others sustained that they TELEM4CHU& £55 m'avoient vu en d'autres pays, et qu'ils me re* me had seen in of others countries, and that they me re- connoissoient. D'autres s' ecrioient: H faut tognised. Some others themselves cried out: it is necessary le contraindre de regner ici. Enfin je repris la him to constrain of to reign here. In fine I resumed the parole, et chacun se hata de se taire, ne sachant speech, and every one himself hasten of himself to be silent, not knowing si je n'allois point accepter ce que j'avois refuse if I not was going to accept that which I had refused: d'abord. Je leur dis: nl first. I to them said: t SoufFrez, 6 Cretois, que je/ous dise ce que je Suffer, Cretans, that 1 to you say that which 1 perise. Vous etes le plus sage de tous les peuples; think. You are the most wise of all the people; mais la sagesse demande, ce me semble, une precau- hul the wisdom demands, that tome seems, a precau- tion qui vous echappe. Vous devez choisir, non pas Hon which you escapes. You ought to choose, not 1'homme qui raisonne le mieux sur les lois, mais celui the man who reasons the best upon the laws, but him qui les pratique avec la plus constante vertu. Pour who them practises with the most constant virtue. Jls to moi, je suis jeune, par consequent sans experience, me, I am young, by consequence without experience, expose a la violence des passions, et plus en etat exposed to the violence of the passions, and more in condition had seen me in other countries, and that they knew me. Others cried out: he must be constrained to reign here. Finally I resumed my discourse, and every one hastened to keep silence, not knowing if I was not going to accept what I Lad at first refused. 1 said to them. Suffer, O Cretans, that I tell you what I think. You are the wisest of all people; but wisdom requires, it seems to me, a pre- caution which escapes you. You should choose, not the man who reasons well upon the laws, but him who practises them with the most constant virtue. As for me, I am young, and con- sequently without experience, exposed to the violence of pas- sions, and more fit 335 TELEMACHU3. de m'instruire en obeissant pour commander ua of myself to instruct in obeying for to command one jour, que de commander maintenant, Ne cherchez day, than of to command now. Not do seek done pas un homme qui ait vaincu les autres dans therefore a man who has vanquished the others in les jeux d'esprit et de corps, mais qui se soit the games of the mind and of the body, but who himself bt vaincu lui-meme; cherchez un homme qui ait vos vanquished himself; seek a man who may have your lois ecrites dans le fond de son coeur, et dont toute laws wtitten in the bottom of his heart, and of whom all la vie soit la pratique de ces lois; que ses actions, the life be the practice of these laws; let his actions , plutot que ses paroles, vous le fassent ciioisir. rather than his ivords, you him make to choose, Tous les vieillards, charmes de ce discours } et voyant Jill the old men, charmed of this discourse, and seeing toujours croitre les applaudissements de Tassemblee, always to encrease ihe applauses of the assembly, me dirent: Puisque les Dieux nous otent Pesperance to me said: Since the gods from us take the hope de vous voir regner au milieu de nous, du moins of you to see to reign to the midst of us, of the least aidez-nous a tiouver un roi qui lasse regner nos lois. help us to find a king who makes reign our laws. Connoissez-vousqueUjii'un qui puisse commander avec Know you some one who can command with to instruct myself how to obej, in order to command one day, than to command now. Do not then sect a man ,vho has over- come the others in the games, b\ the exercise of mind and bo- dy, but who has conquered himself; seek a man who has your laws written in the bottom of his heart, and the whole life of Whom be the practice of these laws; let his actions, rather than his words, make jou choose him. Ail the old men, charmed with this discourse, and seeing- the applauses of the assembly continuing 1 to increase, said to me: since the gods take Irom us the hope of seeing you reign in the midst of us, at least help us to find a king who may cause our laws to reign. Do you know any one who can command with TELEMACHUS. 237 cette moderation? Je connois, leur dis-je d'abord, un that moderation? 1 know, to them said I at first, a homme de qui je tiens tout ce que vous avez es- man from whom I hold all that which you have es- time en moi; c'est sa sagesseet non pas ia mienne qui teemed in me: it is his ivisdom and not the mine which vient de parler, et il m'a inspire toutes les reponses comes of to speak, and he to me inspired all the answers que vous venez d'entendre. which you come of to hear. En meme temps toute Passemblee jeta les yeux Jit the same time all the assembly cast the eyes sur Mentor, que je montrois, le tenant par la main; upon Mentor, whom I showed, him holding by the hand. Je racontois les soins qu'il avoit ens de mon enfance, I related the cares that he had had of my infancy, les perils dont il m'avoit delivre, les malheurs qui the perils of which he me had delivered, the evils which etoient venus fondre sur moi des que j'avois cesse de were come to rush upon me as soon as I had ceased of suivre ses conseils. to follow his counsels, D'abord on ne Tavoit point regarde a cause Jit first they not him had considered to cause de ses habits simples et negliges, de sa (or on account) of his habits simple and neglected, of his contenance modeste, de son silence presque continuel, countenance modest, of his silence almost continual. that moderation? I know, replied I at first, a man, to whom I am indebted for all that which you have esteemed in me; it is his wisdom, and not mine, which I have just spoken, and he has inspired me with all the answers which you have just now heard. At the same time all the assembly cast their eyes on Mentor, whom I showed, holding" him by the hand. I related the care he had taken of my infancy, the perils from which he had de- livered me, the misfortunes which had come to fall upon me immediately after 1 had ceased from following' his advice. They had at first not taken notice of him on account of his simple dress, of his modest countenance, and of his silence al- most perpetual, *38 TELEMACHUS. On le questionna, il fut One him questioned, he teas fairc roi. II s en on air froid et reserve. Mais quand on s' appliqua cf his air cold and reserved. But when one himself applied a le regarder, on decouvrit dans son visage je ne sais to him to consider, one discovered in his face I not know quoi de ferme et d'eleve; on remarqua la vivacite de what of firm and oftlevaltd; one remarked the vivacity of scs yeux et la vigueur avec laquelle il faisoit his eyes and the vigour with which he made jusqu'aux moindres actions. even to least actions. admire: On reaolut de le admired: They resolved cf him to make king. He himself of it defendit sans s' emouvoir: il dit qu'il defended {or excused) without himself to move: he said thai he pieferoit les douceurs d'une vie privee a l'eclat de preferred the sweetness of a life private to the lustre of la royaute; que les meilleurs rois etoient malheureux the royalty; that the best kings were unhappy en ce qu'ils ne faisoient presque jamais les biens in that that they not made almost ever the good qu'ils vouloient faire, et qu'ils faisoient souvent, which they were willing to make, and that they made often, par la surprise des flaneurs, les maux qu'ils ne by the surprise of the flatterers, the evils that they not vouloient pas. II ajouta, que si la servitude est were willing. He added, that if the servitude is miserable, la royaute ne l'est pas moins, puisqu'elle est miserable, tlie royalty not it is less, since it is of bis cold and resumed appearance. But when they apply themselves to consider him, they discovered in his face I know not what of firm and elevated: they observed the vivacity of his eyes, and the vigour with which he made even the least ac- tions; they questioned him, he was admired; they determined to make him a king. He excused himself of it without emo- tion; he said that he preferred the sweetness of a private life to the lustre of royalty; that the best kings are unhappy, because almost Dever do the good they wish to do, and that they often made, by the surprise of flatterers, the evils which they did not wish to make. He added, that if servitude is miserable, royalty is uot less so, since it is TELEMACHUS. 339 une servitude deguisee. Quand on est roi, disoit-il, on a servitude disguised. When one is king, said he, one depend de tous ceux dont on a besoin pour se depends of all those of whom one has need for oneself faire obeir. Heureux celui qui n'est point oblige de to make to obey. Happy he who not is obliged of commander! Nous ne devons qu'a notre seule patrie, to command! We not owe but to our alone country ', quand elle nous confie Tautorite, le sacrifice de when she tous confides the authority, the sacrifice of notre liberte pour travaiiler au bien public, our liberty for to work to the good public . Alors les Cretois, ne pouvant revenir de leur Then the Cretans, not being able to come back of their surprise, lui demanderent quel homme ils devoient surprise, to him demanded what man they ought choisir. Un homme, repondit-il, qui vous connoisse to choose. Jl man, answered he, who you know bien, puisqu'il faudra qu'il vous gouverne, et very well, since it will be necessary that he you govern, and qui craigne de vous gouverner, Celui qui desire la who fears of you to govern. He who desires the royaute ne la connoit pas; etxomment en rempiira-t-il royalty not it knows; and how of it will fulfil he les devoirs, ne les connoissant point? 11 la cherche the duties, not them knowing? He it seeks a disguised servitude. When one is king he depends upon all those of whom he has need, to make himself obeyed. Happy he who is not obliged to command! We owe but to our own country, when it trusts to us the authority, the sacrifice of our liberty, in order to work for the pub^c good. Then the Cretans, not being able to recover from their sur- prise, asked him what man they should choose. A man, re- plied he, who knows you well, since it shall be necessary that he should govern you, and who should fear to govern you. He who desires royalty does not know it: and how shall he fulfil the duties of it, not knowing it? he seeks it 240 TELEMACHUS. pour lui; et vous devez desircr un hommc qui ne him; and you ought to desire a man who not f accepte que pour l'amour de vous. it accepts but for the love of you* Tous lcs Cretois furent dans un etrange etonnement All the Cretans were in a strange astonishment de voir deux etrangers qui refusoient la royaute, c/ to see two strangers xoho refused the royalty, recherchee par tant d'autres; ils voulurent savoir sought after by so many of others; they were willing to know avec qui ils etoient venus. Nausicrate, qui les avoit with whom they were come. JS'ausicrates, who them had conduits depuis le port jusqu'au cirque ou l'on conducted from the port even to the circus where the one celebroit les jeux, leur montra Hazael avec lequel celebrated the games, to them showed Hazael with whom Mentor et moi nous etions venus de Pisle de Cypre. Mentor and I we were come from the island of Cyprus. Mais leur etonnement fut encore bien plus grand But their astonishment was still much more great quand ils surent que Mentor avoit ete esclave d'ria- when they knew that Mentor had been slave of Ha' zael; qu'Hazael, touche de la sagesse et de la vertu zael; that Hazael, touched of the wisdom and of the virtue de son esclave, en avoit fait son conseil et son meilleur of his slave, of him had made his counsellor and his best ami, que cet esclave mis en liberte etoit le me me qui friend, that that slave put in liberty was the same icho for himself; and you should desire a man who accepts it but for your own sake. All the Cretans were in a strange astonishment to see two strangers who refused royalty, Bought after by so many others; wish to know with whom they had come. Nausierates, who bad l ■ them from the port to the circus where celebrated the games, showed to them Hazael, with whom id I had come from the island of Cyprus. But their was still greater when they knew that Mentor k that Hazael, moved by the wisdom i. id made him his counsellor and his friend; that thib slave set at liberty was the same who TELEMACHU3. 241 venoit de refuser d'etre roi, et qu'Hazael etoit venu came of to refuse of to be king, and that Hazael icas come de Damas en Syrie pour s^instruire des lois de from Damas . into Syria for himself instruct of the laws of Minos, tant l'amour de la sagcsse remplissoit son Minos, so much the love of the wisdom filled up his coeur. heart. Les vieillards dirent a Hazael: nous bosons vous The old men said to Hazael: ice not dare you prier de nous gouverner, car nous jugeons que vous to pray of us . to govern, for we judge that you avez les memes pensees que Mentor. Vous meprisez have the same thoughts as Mentor. You despise trop les hommes pour vouloir vous charger de les too much the men for to be willing you to charge of them conduire: d'ailleurs vous etes trop detache des to conduct: besides you are too much detached from the richesses et de Peclat de la royaute pour vouloir richess and from the lustre of the royalty for to be willing acheter cet eciat par les peines aitachees au gouverne- tobuy that lustre by the pains attached to the govern- ment des peoples. Hazael repondit: Ne croyez pas, 6 ment of the people. Hazael answered: Not believe , O Cretois, que je meprise les hommes. Non, non: je sais Cretans, that 1 despise the men. JVb, no: I know combien il est grand de travaiiler a les rendre bons how much it is great oj to ivork to them render good had just refused of being- king, and that Hazael bad come from Damas in Syria in order to instruct himself concerning- the laws of Minos, so much the love of wisdom filled up his heart. The old men said to Hazael: we dare not beg you to govern us, for we think that you have the same sentiments as Mentor. You despise men too much to charge yourself with their con- duct: besides, you are too much detached from riches and the lustre of royalty, to wish to buy that lustre with the troubles attached to the government of a people. Hazael replied; do not believe, O Cretans, that I despise men. No, no; I know how great it is to work to render them good x TELEMACHUS. et heurcux; mais ce travail est rempli de peines et and happy; but this work is full of pains and de dangers. L'eclat qui y est attache est faux of dangers. The lustre which there is attached is false et ne peut eblouir que des ames vaines. La vie and not can dazzle but of the minds vain. The life est courte; les grandeurs irritent plus les passions is short; the grandeurs irritate more the passions qu'elles, ne peuvent les contenter: c'est pour ton t hey not are able them to content: it is for apprendre a me passer de ces faux biens, et non pas to learn t& me to pass of these false goods, and not pour y parvenir, que je suis venu de si loin. Adieu. for there to arrive, that I am come from so far. JIditu. Je ne songe qu'a retourner dans une vie I not think but to return into a life paisible et retiree, ou la sagesse nourrisse mon peaceable and retired, where the wisdom may nourish my ^oeur, et ou les esperances qu'on tire de la vertu pour heart, and where the hopes that one draws from the virtue for une autre meilleure vie apres la mort me consolent an other better life after the death me console dans les chagrins de la vieillesse. Si j'avois quelque in the chagrins of the old age. If I had some chose a souhaiter, ce ne seroit pas d'etre roi, ce things to wish for, that not would be of to be king, it and happy; but that work is full of pains and dangers. The lustre which is attached to it is false, and can dazzle only vain minds. Life is short; the grandeur irritate more the passions, than they can content them: it is to abstain myself from these false goods, and not to obtain them, that I have come from so far. Adieu. I think but to return to a peaceable and retired life, where wisdom may nourish my heart, and where hopes, that we derive from virtue, for another better life after death console me in the chagrins of old age. If I had something to wish for, it would not be to be king, it TELEMACHUS. 24S seroit de ne me separer jamais de ces deux hommes would be of not me to separate ever from these two men que vous voyez. whom you see. Enfin les Cretois s' ecrierent, parlant & Men- In fine the Cretans themselves cried out, speaking to Men- tor: dites-nous, 6 le plus sage et le plus grand de tous tor: say to us, O the most wise and the most great of all les mortels, dites-nous done qui est-ce que nous the mortals, say to us then who is it whom we pouvons choisir pour notre roi: nous ne vous laisserons are able to choose for our king: we not you will let point aller que vous ne nous ayez appris le choix que nous go but you not us have learned the choice that we devons faire. II leur repondit: Pendant que j'etois must make. He to them answered; Whilst that I was dans la foule des spectateurs, j'ai remarque un in the crowd of the spectators*, I have remarked a homrae qui ne temoignoit aucun empressement: e'est man who not showed any eagerness: it is un vieillard assez vigoureux. J'ai demande quel en old man en$ugh vigorous. I have demanded what homme e'etoit, on m'a repondu qu'il s' appeloit man it was, they to me have answered that he himself called Aristodeme. Ensuite j'ai entendu qu'on lui disoit Jiristodemus. Afterwards J have heard that one to him said que ses deux enfants etoient au nombre de ceux qui that his two children were to the number of those who would be never to part from tbese two men whom you see. In fine, the Cretans cried out, speaking to Mentor, tell us, O the wisest and greatest of all mortals, tell us then who is it whom we can choose for our king: we will not let you go but after having informed us of the choice which we are to make. He replied to them; whilst I was among the crowd of spectators, I have remarked a man who showed no eagerness: it is an old man, vigorous enough. I have aksed what man he was, they answered me that he was called Aristodemus. Af- terwards I heard somebody telling him that his two children were among the com- 244 TELEMACHUS. combattoicnt; il a paru n'en avoir aucune joie: il a combated ; he has appeared not of it to have any joy: he has dit que pour Tun il ne lui souhaitoit point les perils said as for the one he not to him wished the perils de la royaute, et qu'il aimoit trap sa patrie pour of the royalty, and that he loved too much his country for consentir que l'avtre regnat jamais. Par-la j'ai to consent that the other should reign ever. By that I have cornpris que ce pere aimoit d'un amour raisonnabie comprehended that this father loved of a love reasonable Tun de ses enfcnts qui a de la vertu, et qu'il ne the one of kis children xohohasof the viiiue, and that he not flattoit point 1'atltre dans ses dere^le nents. Ma cu- flaltered the other in his disorders. My cu- riosite augmentant, j'ai demande quelle a ete la vie riosity encreasing, I have demanded what has been the life de ce vieillard. Un de vos citoyens m'a repondu: tf this old man. One of your citizens to me has answered: II a long-temps porte les amies, et il est couvcrt de He has long time can ied the arms, and he is covered of blessures: mais sa vertu sincere et enneraie de lafiat- wounds: but his virtue sincere and enemy of the flai- terie Tavoit rendu incommode a Idomenee* tery him had rendered incommodious (obnoxious) to Idcmeneus, C'est ce qui empecha ce roi de s' en servir dans It is that which prevented that king of himself him to serve in lc siege de Troie: ii craignitun homme qui lui donneroit the siege of Troy: he feared a man who to him would give batants; he appeared to have no pleasure of it; he said that as for one of them he did not wish him the perils of royalty, and that he loved too much his country to consent that the other should ever reign. Thereby 1 have understood that he loved with a rational love one of his children who is virtuous, and that he did not flutter the other in his disorders. My curi« oded what had been the life of this old man. has answered me; he has a long 1 time car- ina, and he is covered with wounds; but his sincere vir- mnity to flattery had rendered him obnoxious to Ido- re vented this king to make use of him iu the ill aid that this man would give TELEMACHUS, £45' de sages coiiseiis qu'il ne pourroit se resoudre a of wise counsels which he not would be able himself resolve tc suivre; il fut meme jaloux de la gloire que cet hornme follow; he was even jealous of the glory which this man ne maiKjueroit pas d'acquerir bientot; ii oubiia tous not would fail of to acquire very soon; he forgot all ses services; II le laissa ici pauvre, meprise des his services; he him left here poor, despised of the hommes grossiers et laches qui n'estiment que les men brutal and vile who not esteem but ' the richesses. Mais, content dans sa pauvrete, il vit riches- But, content in his poverty, he lives gaiement dans un endroit ecarte de Tisle, gaily (cheerfully) in a place remote from the island, ou il cultive son champ de ses propres mains. where he cultivates his field of (with) his own hands. Un de ses fils travaille avec lui; ils s' aiment One of his sons works with him; they themselves loved tendrement, ils sont heureux. Par leur frugalite et tenderly, they are happy. By their frugality and leur travail ils se sont mis dans Pabondance their work they themselves are put in the abundance des choses necessaires a une vie simple. Le sage of the things necessary to a life simple. The wise vieillard donne aux pauvres malades de son voisinage old man gives to the poor sick of his neighbourhood tout ce qui lui reste au-dela de ses besoins et de all that which to him remains beyond of his wants and of him wise councils, which he could not determine himself to fol- low; he even was jealous of the glory which this man would not fail soon to acquire; he forgot all his services; he left him here poor, despised by clownish and mean men, who esteem nothing but riches. But content in his poverty, he lives cheerfully in a remote part of the island, where he cultivates his fields with his own hands. One of his sons work with him; they love one another tenderly; they are happy. By their frugality and their labour, they have put themselves rn abun- dance things necessary to a simple life. This old man gives to the sick poor of his neighbourhood, all that which rests beyond his wants, and x2 TELEiYIACHUS, ceux dc son fils. II fait travailler tous les jeunes those of his son. He makes to work all the young gens; il les exhorte, il les instrtiit; il juge tous people', he them exhort, he them instruct; he judges all les diffe rents de son voisinage; il est le pere de the differences of his neighbourhood; he is the father of toutes les families. Le malheur de la sienne est all the families. The misfortune of the his own is d'avoir un second fils qui n'a voulu suivre aucun de of to have a second son who ivho not wished to follow any of ses conseils. Le pere, apres avoir long-temps souf- his counsels. The father, after to have long times suf- fert pour tacher de le corriger de ses vices, V a feted in order to try of him to correct of his vices, him has enfin chasse: il s' est abandonne a une folle am- in fine expelled; he himself is abandoned to a mad am~ bition et a tous ses plaisirs. bilUm and to all his pleasures. Voila, 6 Cretois, ce qu'on m'a raconte. Vous Behold j oh Cretans, what one to me has related. You devez savoir si ce recit est veritable. Mais owe (must) know if that recital is true. But ±\ cet homme est tel qu'on le depeint, pourquoi if that man is such that one him described, why ^aire des jeux? pourquoi assembler tant 'o make of the games? why to assemble so many d'inconnus? vous avez au-milieu de vous un f unknown? you have in the midst of you a those of his son. He makes all the young people work; he ex- thero; he instructs them; he judges all the differences of hi> j; he is tlie lather of all the families. The his own is to have a second son who has refused illow his advioe. The father, after having- a long- time suf- rrect him of his vices, has at last expelled him: he b ned himself to a mad ambition, and to all . hold, O Cretans, what has been related to me, you must >• whether this recital is true. But if that man is such as ribed, what ? the exhibition of games? why do j ou have in the midst of you a TELEMACHUS. 247 homme qui vous connoit et que vous connoissez; man who you know and whom you know; qui sait la guerre, qui a montre son courage who knows the loar, who has shown his courage non seulement centre les fleches et contre les not only against the arrows and agaii^t the dards, mais contre l'arTYeuse pauvrete; qui a darts, but against the frightful poverty; xoho has meprise les richesses acquises par la flatterie; despised the riches acquired by the • flattery; qui aime le travail; qui sait combien l'agricuiture who loves the work; who knows how much the agriculture est utile a un peuple; qui deteste le faste; qui is useful to a people; who detest the luxury; who ne se laisse point amollir par un amour aveugle not himself suffer to effeminate by a love blind de ses enfants; qui aime la vertu de Pun, et of his children; who loves the virtue of the one , and qui cendamne le vice de Pautre; en un mot, un who condemns the vice of the other; in a word, a homme qui est deja le pere du peuple. Voila man who is already the father of the people. Behold votre roi, s'il est vrai que vous desiriez de your king, if it is true that you would desire of faire regner chez vous les lois du sage Minos. to make to reign among you the laws of the wise Minos. Tout le peuple s'ecria: il est vrai, Aris- Ml the people themselves cried out: it is true. Jlris- man who knows you, and whom you know; who knows war, who has shown his courag-e not only against arrows and against darts, but against frightful poverty; who has despised riches acquired by flattery; who lores labour; who knows how agri- culture is useful to a people; who detests luxury; who does not suffer himself to be moved by a blind love of his children; who loves the virtue of the one, and who condemns the vices of the other; in a word, a man who is already the father of the peo- ple.' Behold your king-, if it is true that you desire to cause the laws of the wise Minos to reign over you. The whole people cried out: it is true,. Aris- ^48 YKLEMACHUS. todemc est tel que vous le elites; e'est lui qui todtmus is siich as you it say; it is he who est digne de regner. Les vieillards le firent is worthy of to reign. The old men him made appeler: on le chercha dans la foule, ou il etoit to call: • they him sought in the crowd, where he was confondu avee les derniers du peuple. II parut confounded with the last of the peuple. He appeared tranquille. On lui declara qu'on le faisoit roi. tranquil. They to him declared that they him made king. II repondit: je n'y puis consentir qu'a trois He answered; I not to it can consent but to three conditions. La premiere, que je quitterai la royaute conditions. The first, that I shall quit the royalty dans deux ans si je ne vous rends meillcurs que in two years if I not you render better than vous n'etes, et si vous resistez aux lois. La you not are, and if you resist to the laws. The seconde, que je serai libre de continuer une vie second, that I shall be free of to continue a life simple et frugale. La troisieme, que mes enfants simple and frugal. The third, that viy children n'auront aucun rang, et qu'apres ma mort on not shall have any rank, and that after my death they les traitera sans distinction, selon leur merite, them will treat without distinction, according to their merit, com me le reste des citoyens. «t the rest of the citizens. todemus is such as you say: it is he who is worthy of reigning-. The old men caused him to be called: he was searched among' the crowd, where he was confounded among the last of the people. He appeared tranquil. They declared to him that he was made king: he answered, I cannot consent to it but on three conditions. The first, that 1 shall quit the royalty in two years if I do not render you better than you are, and if you re- sist the laws. The second, that 1 shall be free to continue a ■imple and frugal life. The third, that my children shall have no rank, and that after my death they will be treated without distinction, according to their merit, as the rest of the citizens. TELEMACHUS. 249 A ces paroles il s'eleva dans Pair mille cris Jit these words it itself rose in the air thousand cries de joie. Le diademe fut mis par le chef des °f 3°V' The diadem was put by the chief of the vieillards gardes des lois sur la tele d'Aristodeme. On old men keepers of the laws on the^head of Jirislodemus. They fit des sacrifices a Jupiter et aux autres grands Dieux. made of the sacrifices to Jupiter and to the others great gods* Arislodeme nous fit des presents, non pas avec la Aristodemus to us made of the presents, not with the magnificence ordinaire aux rois, mais avec une noble magnificence ordinary to the kings, but with a noble simplicite. II donna a Hazael les lois de Minos ecrites simplicity. He gave to Hazael the laws of Minos written de la main de Minos rneme; il lui donna aussi of (with) the hand of Minos himself; he to him gave also un recueil de toute 1'histoire de Crete depuis Sa- a collection of all the history of Crete since Sa- turne et Page d ? or; il fit mettre dans son vaisseau turn and the age of gold; he made to put in his vessel des fruits de toutes les especes qui sont bonnes en some fruits of all the kinds which are good in Crete et inconnues dans la Syrie, et lui offrit tous Crete and unknown in the Syria, and to him offered all les secours dont il pouvoit avoir besoin. the succours of which he could to have need. Comrne nous pressions notre depart, il nous fit As ive pressed our departure, he for us made At these words there arose in the air a thousand cries of joy. The diadem was put on the head of Aristodernus, by the chief of the old men, guardians of the laws. They made sacrifices to Jupiter and, to the other great gods. Aristodemus made us presents, not with the usual magnificence of kings, but with a noble simplicity. He gave to Hazael the laws of Minos, writ- ten by the hand of Minos himself; he gave him also a collection of the whole history of Crete from Saturn and of the golden age; he caused to be put in his vessel fruits of all kinds which are good in Crete, and unknown in Syria, and offered him all the succours he might stand in need of. As we pressed our departure, he caused 250 TELEMACHUS. preparer un vaisseau avec un grand nombre de bons to prepare a vessel ivith a great number of good rameurs et d'hommes armes; il y fit mettre dcs rowers and of men armed; he in her made to put some habits pour nous et des provisions. A I'instant meme habits for us and some provisions. At the instant even il s' eleva un vent favorable pour aller en Ithaque: it itself rose a wind favourable for to go into Ithaca: ce vent, qui etoit contraire a Hazael, le contraignit that wind, which was contrary to Hazael, him constrained d'attendrc. II nous vit partir; il nous embrassa vfto wait. He us saw depart* he us embraced comme des amis qu'il ne devoit jamais revoir. cs of the friends xchom he not owed ever to see again* Les Dieux sont justes, disoit-il, ils voient unc The gods are just, said he, ihey see a amitie qui n'est fondee que sur la vertu: un jour friendship which not is founded but upon the virtue: one day ils nous reuniront; et ces champs fortunes ou they us will reunite; and these fields fortunate where >'on dit que les justes jouissent apres la mort d'une the one says that the just enjoy after the death of one paix eternelle verront nos ames se rejoindre pour peace eternal willsee our souls themselves join for ne se separer jamais. Oh! si mes cendres not themselves separate ever. Oh! if my ashes pouvoient aussi etre recueillies avec les votres! En oould thus be gathered with the yours! In a vessel to be prepared for us, with a great number of good row- ers, and of armed men; and in which he caused to be put clothes and provisions for us. In an instant a favourable wind arose to go to Ithaca; this wind, which was contrary to Hazael, con- strained him to wait. He saw us depart; he embraced us as friends whom he was never to see again. The gods are just, said he, they see our friendship, which is founded but on virtue; one day they will unite us; and these fortunate fields, where it i*l that the just enjoy after death an eternal peace, will see our souls joined together never to part any more. O, if my ashes could also be gathered together with yours! in TELEMACHUS. £51 prononcant ees mots, il versoit des torrents de larmes, pronouncing these words, he shed a torrent of tears, et les soupirs etouffoient sa voix. Nous ne pleurions and the sighs suffocated his voice. We not wept pas moins que lui: et il nous conduisit au vais- less than tu: and he us conducted to the ves- seau. set. Pour Aristodeme, il nous dit: c'est vous qui venez As to Aristodemus, he to us said: it is you who come de me faire roi; souvenez-vous des dangers ou of me to make king; remember you of the dangers where vous m'avez mis. Demandez aux Dieux qu'ils you me have put. Demand to the gods that they m'inspirent la vmie sagesse, et que je surpasse autant me inspire the true wisdom, and that I surpass as much en moderation les autres hommes, que je les surpasse in moderation the other men, as I them surpass en autoriie. Pour moi, je les prie de vous conduire in authority. As for me, I them pray of you to conduct heureusement dans votre patrie, d'y confondre happily into your country, of there to confound Tinsolence de vos ennemis, et de vous y faire voir the insolence of your enemies, and of you there to make to see en paix Ulysse regnant avec sa chere Penelope. in peace Ulysses reigning with his dear Penelope, Telemaque je vous donne un bon vaisseau plein de Telemachus I to you give a good vessel full of pronouncing these words, he shed a torrent of tears, and sighs stopped his voice. We did not weep less than he: and he con- ducted us to the vessel. As to Aristodemus, he said to us; it is you who have just made me king. Think of the dangers in which you have just put me. Ask of the gods that they inspire me with true wisdom, and that I can surpass as much in moderation the other men as I surpass them in authority. As for me, I pray them to con- duct you happily into your country, to confound there the in- fluence of your enemies, and to make you see in peace Ulys- ses reigning with his dear Penelope. Telemachus, I give you a. good vessel full of TELEMACHUS. ramc-urs et d'hommes armes; lis ponrront vous and of men annul; they will be able you mea injustes qui persecutent is men unjust v:ho persecute voire tor, votre sagesse, qui n'a besoin your mother. Ok Mentor, your wisdom, which not has need de ri< ••), ne me laissc rien a desirer pour vous. tiring, not tome leave any thing to desire for you. Alicz tous deux, viv eux ensemble; souven^z Go all two, live happy together; remember vous d' \ ne: et si jamais ies Ithaciens out besoin ycu of Jbristodemus: and if ever the Ithacans have need di s Cietoift, comptez sur moi ju&qu'au dernier of the Cretans, depend upon me even to the last soupir de ma vie. II nous embrassa, et nous ne sigh of my life. He us embraced, and we no* pumes. en es of to cut the mast which was already rompu, et qui, penchant dans la mer, avoit mis le broken, and which, inclining in the sea, had nut the vaisseausur le cote: il jette le mat hors du vaisseau, vessel on the side: he heaves the mast out of the vessel, et s' elancc dessus au milieu des ondes furieuses; and himself leaps upon to the middle of the waves furious; il m'appelle par mon nom, et m'encourage pour le he me calls by my name, and me encourage for him suivre. Tel qu'un grand arbre que tous- les vents to follow. Such as a great tree ivhicfi all the icinds conjures attaquent, et qui demeure immobile sur conjured attack, and which remains imnuvabie upon ses profondes racines, en sorte que la tern pete ne his deep root, in so much that the tempest not fait qu'agiter ses feuilles: de meme Mentor, non makes but to agitate its leaves: of same Mentor, not seulement ferme et courageux, mais doux et tranquille, only firm and courageous, but sweet and tranquil, sembloit commander aux vents et a la mer. Je le teemed to command to the winds and to the sea, I him regret life without seeking- the means of preserving* it, let us not lose a moment to save ours. He immediately I an axe, he finishes to cut the mast which was already broken, and which, hanging on the sea, had put the vessel on ride; he throw8 the mast out of the vessel and rushes down upon it amidst the furious waves; he calls me by my name, and encourages me to follow him. Such as a large oak which all the winds, conjured together, attack, and which remains immovable on ita deep roots, so that the tempest docs but agi- ts leaves; SO [Mentor, not only firm and courageous, but tranquil, seemed tq command the winds and the sea >w Lim. TELEMACHUS, 257 suis. He! qui auroit pu ne le pas suivre etant follow. Oh! who would havebeen able not him to follow being encourage par lui? encouraged by him? Nous nous conduisions nous-memes sur ce mat We us conducted we ourselves upon that mast flottant. C'etoit un grand secours pour nous, car nous floating. It was a grand succour for us, for w e pouvions nous assoir dessus; et s'il eut fallu nager were able us to sit upon; and if it had been necessary to swim sans reiache, nos forces eussent ete bientot without ceasing, our forces would have been soon epuisees. Mais souvent la tempete faisoit tourner exhausted. But often the tempest made to turn cette grande piece de bois, et nous nous trouvions that large piece of wood, and we us found enfonces dans la mer; alors nous buvions l'onde amer, sunk in the sea; then %oe drank the wave bitter, qui couloit de notre bouche, de nos narines et de which flowed from our mouth, from our nostrils and from nos oreiiles; et nous etions contraints de disputer contre our ears; and we were constrained of to dispute against lesflots, pour rattraper le dessus de ce mat. the surges, for to take hold again the upper part of that mast. Queique fois aussi une vague haute comme une Some time also a surge so high as a montagne venoit passer sur nous, et nous nous mountain came to pass over us, and we ourselves Oh! who would have been able not to follow him, being encour- aged by hi;n. We conducted ourselves upon this floating" mast. It was a great succour for us, for we could sit upon it: and if we had had to swim without a relaxation, our forces would soon have been exhausted. But the tempest made this large piece of wood of- ten turn upside dowu, and we found ourselves sunk into the sea: then we drank the briney wave, which ran out of our mouths, of our nostrils and of our ears; and we were constrained to con- tend against the surges in order to seize again the upper part of that mast. Sometime also a wave as high as a mountain came to pass over us, and we 12 TELEMACHUS, tenions fcrme, de peur que, dans celte violente secousse, hi lit firmt of fear that, in that violent shake, le mat> qui etoit notre unique esperance, ne nou3 the mast, which was our only hope, not from us echappat. escaped. Pendant que nous etions dans cet etat aflfreux, Whilst that we were in this condition frightful, Mentor, aussi paisible qu'il l'est maintenant sur ce Mentor, as calm that he it is now upon this sie<^e de gazon, me disoit: croyez-vous Telemaque seal of turf, to me said: bdieve you Telemachus que votre vie soit abandonnee aux vents et aux flots? *hat your life be abandoned to the winds and to the waves? Croyez-vous qu'il puissent vous faire perir sans Believe you that they can you to make perish without l'ordre des Dieux? Non, non; les Dieux decident de the order of the gods? No, no; the gods decide of tout. C'est done les Dieux, et non pas la mer qu'il all. It is then the gods, and not the sea that it faut craindre. Fussiez-vous au fond des abymes, is necessary to fear. Should be you to the bottom of the abyss, la main de Jupiter pourroit vous en tirer. the hand of Jupiter would be able you from it to draiv. Fussiez-vous dans TOlympe, voyant les astres sous Should be you in the Olympus, seeing the stars under vos pieds, Jupiter pourroit vous plonker au fond your feet, Jupiter would be abL you to plunge to the bottom held fast, lest that, in this violent shock, the mast, which was our only hope, should escape from us. Whilst we were in that frightful condition, Mentor, as tran- quil as he is now upon this seat of grass, said to me: do you believe, Telemachus, that your life be abandoned to the winds and the waves? do you believe that they can make you perish without the order of the gods? No, no; the gods determined all tiling. It is then the gods, and not the sea, whom we must fear. Would you he in the bottom of the abyss, the hand of JupiU r would he able to draw you out of it. Would you be in g the stars under your feet, Jupiter can plunge into the bottom TELEMACHC3. 259 de Fabyme, ou vous precipiter dans ies Oammes du of the abyss, or you to precipitate into the flames of the noir Tartare. J'ecoutois et j'admirois ce discours black Tartarus. I listened and 1 admired that discourse qui me consoloit un pen; mais je n'avois pas l'esprit which me consoled a little; but I not had the mind assez libre pour lui repondre. Ii ne me voyoit enough free for to him to answer. He not me saw* point: je ne pouvois le voir. Nous passames toute / not could him to see. JVe passed whole la Hint, trcmblants de froid et demi-morts, sans the night, tremblings of cold and half dead, without savoir ou la tempele nous jetoit. Enfin les vents to know where the tempest us cast. wit last the icinds commencerent a s' appaiser: et la raer, mugissant, began to themselves appease: and the sea, lellowing, ressembloit a une persofine qui, ayant ete iong-temps ir- resembled to a person wlio, having been long time ir- ritee, n'a plus qu'un reste de trouble et ci'emotion, ritated, not has more bfata rest of trouble and cf emotion, etant lasse de se mettre en fureur; elle grondoit being tired of herself put in fury; she growled sourdement et ses {lots n'etoient presque plus que hoarsely and her waves not were almost more but comme les billons qu'ontrouve dans un champ laboure. as the furrows that one finds in a field tilled. of the abyss, or precipitate you into the flames of the black Tartarus. I listened to this discourse, and admired it. which con- soled me a little: but I had not my mind free enough to answer him. He did not see me: I could not see him. We passed all the night trembling" with cold, and half dead, without knowing" where the tempest cast us. Finally the winds began to abate; and the sea, roaring-, resembled a person who, having been a long time irritated, has but a remain of trouble and emotion, being tired of putting himself in fury. She hoarsely growled, and her waves were almost as furrows which are found in ploughed fields. 260 TELEMACHUS, Cependant Taurore vint ouvrir au soleil leb In the meanwhile the aurora came to open to the sun the portes du ciel, et nous annonca un beau jour. gates of the heaven, and to us announced a beautiful day. L'orient etoit tout en feu; et les etoiles, qui avoient ete The east loas all in fire; and the stars, which had been si long-temps cachees, reparurent, et s' enfuirent so longtime hid, reappeared, and themselves fled away a Tarrivee de Phebus. Nous appeixuines de loin at the arrival of Phebus. We perceived of far la terre, et le vent nous en approchoit: alors je sentis the land, and the wind us to it approached: then I felt Tesperance renaitre dans mon coeur. Mais nous the hope revive in my heart. But we n'apperciimes aucun de nos compagnons: selon les not perceived any of our companions: according the apparences, ils perdirent courage, et la tempete les appearances, the lost courage, and the, tempest them submergea tous avec le vaisseau. Quand nous fumes submerged all with the vessel. When we were aupres de la terre, la mer nous poussoit contre des near of the land, the sea us pushed against the pointes de rochers qui nous eussent brises; mais points of rocks which us would have broken; but nous tachions de leur presenter le bout de notre mat: ioe tried of to them to present the end of our mast: et Mentor faisoit de ce mat ce qu'un sage pilote and Mentor made of this mast what a wise pilot In the meanwhile Aurora came to open to the sun the gates of heaven, and announced a beautiful day. All the east was in fire; and Ihe stars which had been hid a long: time, reappeared, and fled at the arrival of Phoebus. We perceived the land afar off: and the wind approached us to it: then I felt hope reviving in my heart. Bul we perceived none of our companions. Ac- cording- to appearances, they lost courage, and the tempest immersed them all with the vessel. When we were near the land, the Bea drov< us against the points of rocks which would have broken u>: but we endeavoured to present to them the end of our mast: and Mentor made with this mast, what a wise pilot TELEMACHUS. 261 fait da meilleur gouvernail. Ainsi nous evitames makes of the best rudder. Thus ice avoided ces rochers affrer.x, et nous trouvames enfin une these rocks frightful, and we found in Jive a cote douce et unie, on, nageant sans peine, nous coast sweet and smooth, where, swimming without trouble, we abordames sur le sable. C'est la que vous nous landed upon the sand. It is there that you lis vites, 6 grande Deesse qui habitez cette isle; c'est saw, great goddess who inhabits this island; it is la que vous daignates nous recevoir. there that you deigned us to receive. makes with the best rudder. Thus we avoided these frightful rocks, and fouud at last a gentle aod levelled coast, where, swimming without pain, we landed on the sand. It is there that you saw us, O great goddess who inhabits this Island! it is there that you deigned to receive. END OF BOOK SIXTH. Verbe auxiliaire Avoir. INDICATIF. Present. Sing. J'ai Tu as II ou elle a. . Plur. Nous avons Vous avez lis ou elles ont. Imfiarfuit. J'avois Tu avois II avoit Nous avions Vous aviez lis ou elles avoient, Preterit dejini. J'eus Tueus II eut Nous eumes Vous eutes lis eurent. Preterit indejini. Pai eu Tu as eu 11 a eu Nous avons eu Vous avez eu lis ont eu. Preterit anterieur. J'eus eu Tu eus eu 11 eut eu Nous eiimes eu Vous eutes eu lis eurent eu. Plus-que-fiarfazt, J'ayois eu Tu avois eu II avoit eu Nous avions eu ♦ Vous aviez eu lis avoient eu. Futur. J'aurai Tu auras II aura Nous aurons Vous aurez Us auront. Futur fiasse. J'aurai eu Tu auras eu 11 aura eu Nous aurons eu Vous aurez eu Us auront eu. 264 CONJUGATION OF VERBS CO-YDITIOMYEL. Present. Paurois Tu aurois i'l a u roil Xous aurions Vous auritz I Is auroient. Passe. J 'aurois eu Tu aurois eu 1) auroit eu Nous a u lions eu Vous auriez eu lis auroient eu. Imfiarfait. Que j'eusse Que tu eusses Qu'il eut Que nous eussions Que vous eussiez Qu'ils eussent. Pieterit. Que j'aie eu Que tu aies eu Qu'il ait eu Que nous ayons eu Que vous ayez eu Qu'ils aient eu. Pius que fiarfuit. On dit aussi: j'eusse eu, Que j'eusse eu tu eusses eu, il eut eu, nous Que tu eusses eu eussions eu, vous eussiez eu, its eussent eu. IMP ERA TIF. Point de premiere personnc. Aie ou aye Qu'il ait Ayons Ayez Qu'ils aient ou ayent. SUBJOXCTIF. Present oufutu?'. Que j'aie Que tu aies Qu'il ait Que nous ayons Que vous ayez Qu'ils aient. Qu'il eut eu Que nous eussions eu Que vous eussiez eu Qu'ils eussent eu INF I XI TIF.— Pre sen t. Avoir. Preterit. Avoir eu. PARTICIPES. Present. Ayant. Passe. Eu, eue, ayant eu. Futur. Devant avoir. CONJUGATION OF VERBS. $65 Verbe auxiliaire Etre. INDICATIF* Je suis Tu es II ou elle est Nous sommes Vous etes Us ou elles sont. Imjiarfait. J'etois Tu etois II ouelle etoit Nous etions Vous etiez Us ou elles etoient. Preterit definu Je fus Tu fus II fot Nous fumes V'ous futes Us furent. Preterit indejinu J'ai ete Tu as ete Ii a ete Nous avons etc Vous avez ete Us ont ete. Preterit anterieur. J'eus eie Tu eus ete U eut ete Nous eumes ete Vojs eutes ete Us eurent ete. Plus-que-fiarfait, J'avoisete Tu avois ete U avoit ete Nous avions ete Vous aviez ete Us avoient ete Futur. Je serai Tu seras II sera Nous serous Vous serez Us seront. Futur fiasse* J'aurai ete Tu auras ete II aura ete Nous aurons ete Vous aurez ete Us auront ete. COMDITIOJYJYJELS. Present. Je serois Tu serois II seroit Nous serions Vous seriez Us seroient. Pasaes J'aurois he Tu aurois ete U auroit ete Nous aurions ete Vous auriez ete Us auroient ete. CONJUGATION OF VERBS. On dit aussi: j'eus ete y tu eusses ete, il eut ete^ nous cussio?is ete, -vous eussiez ete> Us eusscnt ete. IMP ERA TIF. Point de fircmiere fiersonne. Sois Qu'il soit Soyons Soyez Qu'ils soient. SUBJOJVC7IF. Present. Que je sois Que tu sois Qu'il soil Que nous soyons Que vous soyez Qu'ils soient. Imfiarfait. Que je fusse Que tu fusses Qu'il fut Que nous fussions Que vous fussiez Qu'ils fussent. Pre tern ■ Que j'aie ete Que tu aics ete Qu'il ait ete Que nous ayons ete Que vous ayez ete Qu'ils aient ete, Plus-que-fiarfait. Que j'eusse ete Que tu eusses ete Qu'il eut ete Que nous eussions ete Que vous eussiez ete Qu'ils eussent ete Etre. IJYFIJVITIF. Present* Present. Avoir ete. PARTICIPES. Present. Etant. Passe. •Ete, ayant ete. Futur. Devant etre. PREMIERE CONJUGAISON. En er. IKDICATIF. Present. J'aime Tu aimcs II ou elle aime. Nous aimons Vous aimez lis ou elles aiment CONJUGATION OF VERES. 267 A Imfiarfait. J'aimois Tu aimois II aiinoit Nous aimions Vous aimiez lis oa elles aimoient. Preterit dejini. J'aimai Tu aimas II aima Nous aimames Vous aimates Us aimerent. Preterit indefini. J'ai aime Tu as aime U a aime Nous avons aime Vous avez aime Us ont aime. Preterit anterieur. J'eus aime Tu eus aime II eut aime Nous eumes aime Vous eutes aime Us eurent aime. Plus-que-parfait. Pav&is aime Tu avctis aime II avo.it aime Nous avions aime Vous aviez aime' Us avc^ent aime. Futur. JVimerai Tu aimeras II aimera Nous aimerons Vous aime re z Us aimeront. Futur fiasse. J'aurai aime Tu auras aime II aura aime Nous aurons aime Vous aurez aime Us auront aime. CONDITIOXNELS. Present. j'aimerois Tu aimerois II aimeroit Nous aimerions Vous aimeriez Us aimeroient. Passe. J'aurois aime Tu aurois aime II auroit aime Nous aurions aime Vous auriez aime Us auroient aime. On dit aussi: peusse aime, tu eusses aime, il eut aime, nous cussions aime, vous eussiez aimc^ Us ens- sent aime. IMPERATIF. Point de firemiere per somie . Aime Qu'il aime 268 Aimons Aimez Qu'ils aiment. SUBJONCTIF. Present oxxfutur. Que j'aime Que tu aimes Qu'il aime Que nous aimions Que vous aimies Qu'ils aiment. Imfiarjait, Que j'aimasse Que tu aimasses Qu'il aimat Que nous aimassions Que vous aimassiez Qu'ils aimassent. CONJUGATION OP VERBS. Que vous ayez aime Qu'ils aient aime. Plus-que-fiarfait. Que j'eusse aime Que tu eusses aime Qu'il eut aime Que nous eussions aime Que vous eussiez aime Qu'ils eussent aime. infinitif. Present. Aimer. Passe. Avoir aime. PARTIC1PES. Present. Aimant. Prttirit. Que j'aie aime Que tu aies aime Qu'il ait aime Que nous ayons aime Ainsi se conjuguent les verbes chanter, danser, man- ger, afifieler, et tous ceux dont Finfinitif se termine en er. Passe. Aime, aimee, ay ant aime* Futur. Devant aimer. SECONDE CONJUGAISON. EniR. LYDIQATIF. 11 finit Nous finissons Present. Vous finissez Je finis lis ftnissent. Tu finis CONJUGATION OP VERBS. 269 Imfiarfait. Je finissbis Tu finissois II finissoit Nous finissions Vous finissiez Us iinissoient. Preterit defini. Je finis Tu finis II finit Nous finimes Vous finites Us finirent. Preterit indefinu J'ai fini Tu as fini II a fini Nous avons fini Vous avez fini lis ont fini. Preterit anterieur. Peus fini Tu eus fini II eut fini Nous eumes fini Vous eutes fini Us eurent fini. Plus -que-fiarf ait. J'avois fini Tu avois fini II avoit fini Nous avions fini Vous aviez fini Us avoient fini. Je finirai Futur, Tu finiras II finira Nous finirons Vous finirez Us finiront. Futurfiasse. J'aurai fini Tu auras fini II aura finit Nous aurons fini Vous aurez fini Us auront fini. CONDITIOJVJVELS. A Present, Je finirbis Tu finirois II finiroit Nous finirioas Vous finiriez lis finiroient. ^ Passe. J'aurois fini Tu aurois fini II auroit fini Nous aurions fini Vous auriez fini Us auroient fini. On dit aussr. j'eussejini, tu eusses Jini, il eut jini> nous eussions Jini, vous eussiezjini, Us eus sent Jini. IMPERATIF. Point de premier $j\er sonne < Finis Qu'il finisse 270 Finissons Finissez Qu'ils finissent. SUBJOJVCTIF. Present ou Futur. Que je finisse Que tu finisses Qu'il finisse Que nous finissions Que vous finissiez Qu'ils finissent. CONJUGATION OF VERBS. Imfiarfait. Que je finisse Que tu finisses Qu'il finit Que nous finissions Que vous finissiez Qu'ils finissent. Preterit. Que j'aie fini Que tu aies fini Qu'il ait fini Que nous ayons fini Que vous ayez fini Qu'ils aient fini. Plus-que-jiarfait. Que j'eusse fini Que tu eusses fini Qu'il eut fini Que nous eussions fini Que vous eussiez fini Qu'ils eussent fini. Finir. iNFimriF. Present, Preterit. Avoir fini. PARTICIPES. Present. Finissant. Passe*. Fini, finie, ayanl fini. Futur. Devant finir. Ainsi se conjuguent avertir, guerir, ensevelir, benir\ mais ce dernier a deux participes, binit, btnite, pour les choses consacrees par les prieres des pretres: bdni y btnie par-tout ailleurs. Hair; mais ce verbe fait au present de l'indicatif je hais, tu hais, il halt; on prononce je he Sy tu hesy il het. TROISIEME CONJUGAISON, En oir. WDICATIF. Pr6sent. Je recois Tu re$ois II recoit Nous recevons Vous recevez lis recoivent. CONJUGATION OF VERBS; 271 Imfiarfait. Je recevois Tu recevois II recevoit Nous recevions Vous receviez Us recevoient. Preterit definu Je regus Tu regus 11 re gut Nous regumes Vous regutes Us regurent. Preterit indejinu J'ai regu Tu as regu II a regu Nous avons regu Vous avez recu Us ont regu. Preterit anterieur. J'eus regu Tu eus regu II eut regu Nous eumes regu Vous eutes regu Us eurent regu. Flus-que-fiarfait. J'avois regu Tu avois regu II avoit regu Nous avions regu Vous aviez regu Us avoient regu. Futur. Je recevrai Tu recevras II recevra Nous recevrons Vous recevrez Us recevronk Futur p as sex J'aurai recu Tu auras regu II aura regu Nous aurons regu Vous aurez regu Us auront regu. CONDITIOJYJVELSt Present. Je recevrois Tu recevrois II recevroit Nous recevrions Vous recevriez U recevroient. Passe. J'aurois regu Tu aurois regu II auroit regu Nous aurions regu Vous auriez regu Us auroient regu. On dit aussi: j'eusse regu, tu eusses regu, il eut reguj nous eussions regu, vous eussiez regu 9 ils eussent regu. IMPERATIF. Point de /iremierefiersonne.- Regois Qu'il regoive Recevons 279. Recevez Qu'ils recoivcnt. SUBJOjVCTIF. Present ou futur. Que je regoive Que lu recoives Qu'il recoive Que nous recevions Que vous receviez Qu'ils recoivent. Imfrarfait. Que je recusse Que iu recusses Qu'il rtgut. Que nous recessions Que vous recussiez Qu'ils re$ussent. CONJUGATION OF VERBS. Que vous ayez recu Qu'ils aient recu. Plus -quc-fiarf ait. Que ;'eu >i>e rt§u Que tu eusses recu Qu il eut re9U Que nous tussions recu Que vous tussiez recu Qu'ils eussent regu. IJYFIJYITIF. Present. Recevoir. Preterit, Avoir recu. PARTICIPES. Present* Recevant. Preterit. Que j'aie regu Que tu aies regu Qu'il ait re§u Que nous ayons re$u Ainsi se conjuguent afiercevoir, concevoir, devoir ■, fierce voir. Passe. Recu, regue, ayant regu. Futur, Devant recevoir. QUATRIEME CONJUGAISON. En re. INDICJ1TIF. Present. Je rends Tu rends 11 rend Nous rendons Vous renciez lis rendent. Inijiarfait. Je rendols Tu rendois II rendoit Nous rendions Vous rendiez lis rendoicRt. CONJUGATION OF VERBS* Z7$ Prtfirit de/ini. Je rendis Tu rendis II rendit Nous rendimes Vous rendites lis rendirent. Preterit indefini. J'ai rendu Tu as rendu II a rendu Nous avons rendu Vous avez rendu lis ont rendu. Preterit anterieur. J'eus rendu Tu eus rendu Ileut rendu Nous eumes rendu Vous eutes rendu lis eurent rendu. Plus-gue-fiarfait. J'avois rendu Tu avois rendu II avoit rendu Nous avions rendu Vous aviez rendu lis avoient rendu. Futur. Je rendrai Tu rendras II rendra Nous rendrons Vous rendrez Us rendront. Futur fiasse. Paurai rendu Tu auras rendu II aura rendu Nous aurons rendu Vous aurez rendu Us auront rendu. CONMTIONNELS. Present . Je rendrois Tu rendrois II rendroit Nous rendrions Vous rendriez Us rendroient. Passe*. J'aurois rendu Tu aurois rendu II auroit rendu Nous aurions rendu Vous auriez rendu Us auroient rendu On dit zussiifeusse ren- du, tu eusses rendu, il eut rendu, nous eussions rendu , vous eussiez rendu. Us eus- sent rendu. IMPERJ1TIF. Point de premiere fiersonne. Rends Qu'il rende Rendons Rendez Qu'ils rendent. SUBJONOTIF. Pre s en tou futur. Que je rende Que tu rendes Qu'il rende Que nous rendions 274 CONJUGATION OF VEBBS. Que vous rendiez Qa'ils rendent. Imfiarfait. Que je rendisse Que tu rendisses Qu'il rendit Que nous rendissions Que vous rendissiez Qu'ils rendissent. Preterit. Que j'aie rendu Que tu aies rendu Qu'il ait ren/iu Que nous ayons rendu Que vous ayez rendu Qu'ils aient rendu Plus-que-fiarfait. Que j'eusse rendu Que tu eusses rendu Ainsi se conjuguent attendre, entendre, sus/iendre, vendre. Qu'il eut rendu Q le nous eussions rendu Que vous eussiez rendu Qu'ils eussent rendu. WFINITIF. Present. Rendre. PritMt. Avoir rendu. PJ1RTICIPES. Present. Rendant. Passt. Rendu, rendue,ayant rendu. Futur. Devant rendre. CONJUGATION OF VERBS. 275 Des temps firimitifs. On appelle temps pi*imitifs d'un verbe ceux qui ser* vent a former les autres temps dans les quatre conju- gaisons. ♦ «-* .£ CO crt +j •;-• ^ BO 3 CO Cfl # co ^ [n 'g a *G G t £ i*» G 3 *- ^3 rf vl> ^J £ S « £ C 0) Ct) _* CCj vil) — 5 vy G CD CD .9 hhhhh i2^ G u CD .-H CO ~D .5 w « «) « •>— 1 ,-» t-< 1— S 3 > .£ CO "3 cd* co 2 .2 *> "tf ,2"o g .2 U 1-1 C5 y -h :- G* Cu s_ £* ££ *j« O C3r° O O -a »-»■-*>-,»-» ♦-a 1 articipc passe. .9 § 5 ^ SI cd* CD =1 .a ii T3 G =» G CD -G fl$ ^W i* Oh < Ph CO ^ H rt # CU (^#£4 CD • •3 » *-> G g ♦-> c *j Sg§a 4-» G CS > I « 8 S 1 rt cS 2 •*"* G Partii pres E Pu, coC ^ "U co "q G bO CD JS c3 nd „5 ^ &, p* & Cu, u CD 9 <-- .- ft-. a u "S G G .s g 3 § > CD ^ cd ;tS * = "^ -O C *o G G G •- £ T3 «3 Ct> ^ ecj ^CD ^5 . V ... J ^ . J V V "' ^ s R •Si *S ^ 8 O 00 § 1 k 3 Vi V «-> Deacidified using the Bookkeeper process Neutralizing agent: Magnesium Oxide Treatment Date: Sept. 2006 PreservatlonTechnologies A WORLD LEADER IN PAPER PRESERVATIO* 1 1 1 Thomson Park Drive Cranberry Township, PA 16066 •^9-2111 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 003 113 442