PROGRESSIVE MEN Oh THE STATE OF WYOMING ILLUSTRATED A people who take no pride in the noble achievements of remote ancestor^, will never achieve anything worthy to be remembered with pride by remote generations.i-MACAULAY g CHICAGO, ILL. A. W. BO WEN & CO., Publishers and Engbaveh-. 1903 <7S .77 Knowledge of kindred and the genealogies of the ^Ancient Families deserveth the highest praise. — Lord Bacon. WYOMING. The whole land is old. People, plants, animals, of strange appearance and ?ize lived here when the world was new. They died. Long the land lay desolate. Centuries passed. Then came bold heroes of a strange white color, the latest of the many tribes who had crawled over its wrinkled face. They came with noise, with rhythmic shouts and yells, with the sharp talk of strange instruments that breathed smoke and fire. They ran to and fro. They hunted to the death the wild men who had come to the land ages upon ages after the first strange days. They killed, in the vigor of their keen enjoyment, the shaggy beasts that covered the plains even like great swarms of bees. They dug up the ground. They dug great ditches. Their fat kine and their wool-covered beasts everywhere sur- mounted the low hills and plains and ran in the valleys, and the white men waxed fat. But ever they were filled with unrest and ran to and fro. They found vast wealth in the land and in their labors ; but ever they continued to run to and fro ; and, to this day, they are disquieted, seeking more gain, seeking more wealth ; ever runninsr to and fro. And the fame of this land hath encircled the earth. #/^-W] t r There is no heroic poem in the world but is at the bottom the life of a man. — Sir Walter Scott. TO OUR PATRONS. The struggle and accomplishment, the unrest and labors, the depriva- tions and pleasures, the failures and successes of the founders of the state, and of the present Progressive Men of Wyoming, are much better told by themselves than they could be by others in many ponderous volumes of elaborate historical disquisitions. These men of activity, who have in this volume given the unpre- tentious annals of their lives, will, at no far-distant future day, receive a nation's reverence as a race of heroes, "the demi-gods of the dawn of time," the creators of civilization in a desert wilderness, swarming with wild beasts and with wilder men. They will be held in distinctive honor as the founders of families, then equaling in ability, in prominence and in wealth, the most distinguished of those established in the Colonial days of American history by the Cavaliers of Maryland, Virginia and the Carolinas, the Quakers of Pennsylvania, the Knickerbockers of New York and New Jersey, the Pilgrims and Puritans of New England. The short and sim- ple annals, which, taken down from their own lips, are here presented to the reader, will, in the extended course of time, be considered as a priceless heritage by the de- scendants of these "men of mark." In centuries to come this volume, containing their tales of the new land, the unformed but progressive Wyoming, will have a value to all Americans, which we; practical men of to-day, cannot fully realize. It has been well said that the 'custodians of records, who place their knowl- edge, concerning useful men of preceding generations and their descendants, in enduring, preservable and accessible form, perform a valuable public service in thus rendering honor to whom honor is due, and by thus establishing reliable fam- ily histories, which loyal descendants will take a just pride in continuing for the benefit of other generations of their descendants in the centuries yet to come. To this work the publishers and their assistants have earnestly applied themselves, in this volume presenting the results of their faithful labors. They desire to express their thanks to those progressive citizens of the state whose laudable enterprise has rendered possible the publication of this memorial volume. Their grateful acknowledgments are also extended to those whose important and valuable services have been given in aid of the compilation. of this work — men of brains, of thought, of sagacity, possessing pride in their glorious commonwealth — and of the many courtesies extended to them by the Press of the entire state. One of the heartiest cooperators in their labors, the late Governor Richards, the greatest man in this land of great men, gave here his latest information and has passed on to the Silent Land, mourned and reverenced by the people of the whole nation. The engravings scattered through this volume add much to its charm and value. It is to be greatly regretted that others of the prominent citizens of the state are not thus represented, but, not fully recognizing the value thereof, which each successive year will make more apparent, they have not in this manner co- operated with the publishers, often, indeed, failing even to give the necessary data for a memoir. Of many of the oldtime worthies, there, even now, "remains no track nor trace." Trusting that the result of their arduous labors will meet a cor- dial greeting and be fully appreciated, the publishers now hand the book to yon. \ \ Ye setting down of ye events in ye life of a person, should with great care be accomplished. They make up ye record whereof future men shall judge him. — Old Writer. BIOGRAPHICAL. Abbott, J. H 34 Adams, A. E 535 Adams, J. D 307 Adams, W. T 565 Agee, J. W 736 Alexander, E 739 Alger, H. C 308 Allan, R. P 578 Allamand, M. J 714 Allen, C. J 602 Allen, C. Z 604 Allen, H. C 35 Allen, J. W 535 Alsop, Mrs. M. F 309 Alston, F 737 Amoretti, E., Jr 189 Anderson, O. 740 Anderson, D 310 Anderson, L 739 Anderson, Mary J 742 Anderson, O. F 740 Anderson, T. J 741 Andrews, H. A 742 Ankeny, D. E 743 Arnold, H. M 33 Arnold, W 745 Ashley, H. D 37 Ashby, W. H 36 Avent, C 603 Avery, W. S , 536 Atchison, W 39 Austin, R. H 746 Ayres, A. W 626 Baker, N 312 Bailey, F. A 37 Baily, Mrs. L. M 311 Baldwin, Mrs. J 190 Baldwin, M. N 449 Baldwin, R. A 747 Banks, A. 748 Banks, H. W 564 Barber, A. W 450 Barnes, J. F 749 Barrow, M. C 499 Barry, S. F 608 Bath, F. C 605 Bath, H 448 Bath, P. H 314 Battrum, A. P 192 Bawker, I. S 748 Bawker, J. T 750 Beehler, J. G 751 Beeman, N 98 Belknap, C. C 750 Bell, G. A . 752 Bell, T 38 Beitz, E. T 315 Benedict, G. A 753 Bennett, G 605 Benzon, J 755 Bergerson, B 40 Bess, J. L 726 Billcox, J 537 Bird, C 540 Bird, T 606 Black, J. A 40 Blackham, S 313 Blake, C. C .' 607 Blake, M. J 755 Blakesley, L 608 Blight, J 609 Blyth, T 463 Blydenburgh, C. E 610 Boggs, A 41 Bolln, G 316 Bond, F 454 Booth, W. J 756 Borner, J. G 538 Bowers, W. W 455 Boyce, W 317 Boyden, J. B 725 Boyer, J. B 318 Bramel, C. W 162 Brandley, E. J 7.57 Brenning, H. L 42 Bresnahen, L. R 322 Bright, J. N 319 Bristol, A. W 758 Bristol, N. S 320 Brittain, H 43 Brooks, B. B 460 Brooks, L. H 324 Brookman, D 43 Brought S. R 452 Brown, A. E 196 Brown, J 453-760 Brown, J. F 761 Brown, J. H 769 Brown, M. F 612 Brundage, G 462 Brundage, W. H 612 Bucknum, C. K 690 Budd, D. C 715 Buechner, H. E 44 Buell, C. E 321 Bugas, A. P 644 Bull, F 566 Bullock, H. M t. 542 Bullock, 1 457 Bunce, C. A 760 Bunce, U. R 761 Bunn, J. G 46 Burch, G. W 762 Burdick, C. W 461 Burdick, D. C 46 Burgess, J. H 325 Burg, G. A 47 Burger, J 763 Burke, C. E 764 Burke, M 539 Burkhalter, C. C 772 Burkhalter, G. H 767 Burleigh, O. W 766 Burnett, F. G 765 Burns, H 48 Burns, J. C 768 Burton, A. F 613 Burton, T. F 714 Butterfleld, B. S 192 Butterfleld, C. W 191 Butterfleld, G. C 192 Butterfleld, W. H 192 Byrne, J. W 325 Byrne, J. P 537 Byrne, M 456 Call, A. V 616 Call, J. H 771 Callander, H 464 Callaway, H. L 193 Calverly, R 7 73 "Calamity" Jane 965 Cameron, J 54 Canfleld, J. A 774 Cannon, T 775 Cantley, A. N 775 Card, H. B 326 Carey, J. M 27 Carlstrum, C. E 328 Carnahan, T. B 776 Carpenter, W. S 615 Xll INDEX. Carr, J. A 614 Carr, F. P 779 Carragher, J 49 Carroll, W. P 130 Carter, J. V. A 586 Carter, Mrs. M. E 51 Carter, Hon. W. A 50 Carruthers, E 777 Casey, J. G 56 Cashin, W. J 327 Casto, I. F ■ 540 Casto, W. C 199 Cave, S. G 541 Cazier, C. D 780 Chalice, A. T 648 Chamberlain, A. D 330 Chapman, G. F 196 Chapman, J. W 778 Chatfleld, E. E 777 Chatterton, F 22 Cheeseman, H. E 617 Cheney, S 567 Christensen, 1 619 Christmas, H. E 56 Clark, A. T 468 Clark, C. F 329 Clark, F. L 53 Clark, G 472 Clark, H. D 779-781 Clause, J. H 543 Clegg, E "782 Clemmons, C. P 482 Clendenning, H. M 717 Coates, F. W 783 Coble, J. C 57 Cockins, E. V 614 Cockins, S. H 784 Cody, W. F 82 Coffey, W 653 Cole, H 203 Cole, J j 785 Coleman, A. L 787 Collett, F. K ■ 788 Collett, S 200 Collins, C. W 507 Collins, M. R 331 Collins, W. J 619 Collins, W. S 789 Conant, A. A 568 Conley, J. T 467 Connelly, W. L 790 Connors, T 543 Cook, A. D 465 Cook, C. H 467 Cook, F 952 Cook, J. C 542 Cooney, M 618 Ccpman, W. R 791 Corbett, J. F 792 Corn, S. F 469 Cornelison, J. M 332 Cornwell, R 793 Corson, S 333 Cotner, S 620 Cotner, S., Jr 620 Cowhick, D. R 334 Coy, W. B 58 Crawford, J. E 793 Crawford, S. A 473 Creswell, G. W 336 Crocheron, J. A 201 Crompton Bros 795 Crook, W. W 337 Cross, G. H 471 Crout, D. F 198 Crow, A. H 58 Cunningham, H. B 794 Curtis, K. K 200 Curtis, W. G 59 Cusack, E 197 Daly, J. H 61 Daniels, A. B 62 Danielson, C 548 Davidson, J. C 65 Davies, E. B 62 Davis, B. F 64. Davis, C. A 621 Davis, E 716 Davis, G. W 796 Davison, J 63 Davis, W. R 645 DeVall, S. G 796 Dean, J 339 Dean, S. ., 205 Deane, J. W 798 Decker, C 621 DeGraw, F. C 207 Delaney, P. J 797 Deloney, C 206 Deming, W. C 466 Denebrink, F 340 Dereemer, O. A. 727 Dewey, J. C 572 Dibble, A. D 69 Dickey, J. H 70 Dickey, S 341 Dickinson, A. L 800 Dickinson, I. J 622 Dickinson, P. P 204 . Dickinson, W. H 799 Dickson, T. C 67 Dinneen, M. P 342 Dinneen, W. E 342 Dinwiddie, E. R '. 343 Ditlinger, J 798 Ditto, S. D 800 Dodd, W. H 343 Dodge, J. T 70 Dolan, W 345 Dolar, J. W : 72 Donahue, J 549 Doty, S 4T4 Dougherty, J 71 Downs, A 803 Draper, W. F 623 Drury, E. S 73 DuSault, P. E 75 Dudley, Mrs. E. M 74 Duling, J. E 346 Durnford, Mrs. E 347 Durnford, G. T 347 Early, C. J S01 Early, J 544 Eaton, E 546 Ecker, J. B....* 624 Edwards, C. H 674 Edwards, C 570 Edwards, M 803 Elder, B 75 Ellingson, E 209 Ellingson, S. J 208 Emge, J. P 625 Enoch, J. M 805 Erderley, E. C 211, Erickson, A 76 Estes, F. M 804 Eychaner, J. E 209 Faddies, R 807 Faddies, J. W 806 Fairchild, J. E 84* Fairchild, J. E., Jr So Fakler, D. A 810 Farlow, E. J 629 Farlow, J. N 211 Faust, E 625 Faust, W. O 717 Fawcett, F. B 79 Ferris, G 575 Ferguson, I &08 Fenner, Mrs. S. H 78 Fenton, J. J 577 Fenton, R 627 Fiero, J. G 386 Firesione. W. S 212 Fisher, E. E 568 Fisher, J. W 347 Foote, F. M 475 Forbes, G A 631 Foster, J. H 86 Foster, L. B 812 Foster, T. J 349 Fox, G. A 630 Franc, 628 Francis, J 813 Francis, T. A 809 Frank, M 350 Freaney, T 352 Freel, Mrs. E. H 351 Freel, J. H 350 Freeman, W. C. C 77 Frevert, F. W Sll Frost, J. M 813 Fulmer, H 352 Fye, A. H 814 Fye, B. M 744 Gadby, J 815 Gaines, A 213 Gambell, A. D 786 Gamble, C. T 815 Garlock, H. C 89 Gerber, J. A 213 Gerber, J. F 87 Gerdel, P. H 476 Giessler, L. L 817 Gilford, Van L S16 Gilchrist, A '. 355 Gildersleeve, A. M 361 Giltner. M. V S19 Gleaver, J. B 819 Goddard, D. E 353 Godfrey, A. C 214 Godfrey, F. E 357 Godfrey, H. M 820 Good, W 88 Goode, A. M 81 Goodman, J. S 216 Goodman, J. C 358 Goodrich, G. T 477 Goodrich, W. D 821 Gordon, P 88 INDEX. Gotwals, A 634 Gould, J. V 822 Gould, W. B 631 Graham, J 358 Graham, J. R 632 Graham, W 215 Gramm, 66 Grant, D 478 Grant, G. C 91 Grant, L. R 479 Greene, S. D 90 Gregg, M. D. . . 821 Gregory, C.M 90 Gregory, H. J 481 Greub, J 92 Griffin, G. N 545 Griffin, J. H 80 Griffin, J. W 484 Griggs, N. W 546 Grimmett, 370 Grinnell, C. H 530 Groshon, M 483 Gross, C. J 834 Grundy, C. J 823 Guernsey, C. A 486 Guild, C 360 Guild, G. T... 362 Guild, J. A 574 Guild, J. H 823 Guild, J. P 487 Guild, W 217 Gunning, J. C 824 Gunston, T 951 Haddenham, H 718 Haddenham, J 718 Hagbery, J. F 633 Hale, D. N 547 Haley, 488 Hall, P. J 489 Hall, R 490 Hall, T 363 Hamilton, O. A 93 Hamilton, R. R 838 Hamilton, W. F 363 Hammond, F. D 828 Hamner, A. D 94 Hanna, O. P 218 Hanner, D. W 635 Hanscum, J. C 634 Hansen, H 610 Hanson, H. S 223 Hardee, O. P 832 Hardin, S. H '. 221 Hardman, J 222 Harper, J 591 Harper, R. A 97 Harrison, F 364 Harrison, H. H 224 Harsch, P 830 Hart, K. F 825 Harter, W 833 Hartley, G 841 Harvard, H. F 636 Harvey, G. P '. 365 Harvey, R. B 225 Harvey, W. H 491 Hatfield, W. B 835 Hauf , C 95 Hauphoff, J. J 492 Hawken, A. E 847 Hawken, A. G 847 Hawken, C. R 845 Hawken, H. O 846 Hawken, T. R 846 Hawkins, J. T 838 Hawley, J. R. . 225 Hay, H. G 231 Hays, G. Y 828 Haygood, A. W 366 Hecht, R. E 97 Heder, A. G 840 Heder, G 839 Hegge, F. J 368 Heidrich, C 842 Held, H 232 Heller, J 827 Helmer, F. D 833 Helms, H 636 Hemler, A. A 99 Hench, J. M 368 Henderson, A. C 844 Henke, O. R 100 Hepp, C. J 233 Herschler, J. H 234 Hersey, G. P 101 Hewitt, Mrs. A 335 Hicks, T. B 371 Higgins, J. E 826 Hill, A 829 Hinkston, M. A 637 Hinton, W 493 Hocker, W. A 102 Hodgin, H. E 372 Hoge, A 843 Hoge, J. M 728 Holden, C. W 235 Holt, T. D 494 Holliday, W. H 373 Homer, H 550 Hacker, W. A 102 Hopkins, J. D 548 Hopkins, M 840 Hornecker, J. M 831 Hoskins, A. D 103 Hosack, J. S 495 Horr, C. W 376 Howe, M. G 496 Hudson, E. B 236 Huff, J. T 549 Hufford, V 841 Hughes, W. S 836 Hunsinger, 581 Hunt, R. C 573 Hunt, W. F 638 Hunt, W. H 729 Hunter, J 837 Hunter, J. G 497 Hunton, J 377 Hyatt, S. W 551 Hyde, H 836 Iden, Mrs. A 514 Iden, S. A 514 Iredale, John 639 Iredale, Joseph 239 Irvine, W 640 Isherwood, J. P 848 Ives, C 641 Jackson, C. F 369 Jackson, W. E . , 504 James, F. H 500 Jay, T. 237 Jenne, J 505 Jennings, H.*B 104 Jensen, C. E 105 Jensen, G 105 Jensen, J 719 Jensen, P 238 Jesurun, M 501 Johnson, C. W 379 Johnson, E 947 Johnson, J 107 Johnson, L. E 849 Johnson, 108 Johnson, W. G 240 Johnson, W. W 849 Johnston, J. L 503 Johnston, J. R 502 Johnston, M. R 380 Jones, C. H 505 Jones, D. J 241 Jones, H. R 552 Jones, J 381 Jones, J. T 851 Jordan, H 660 Judson, C. E '. 382 Kane, R . . . , 852 Kastor, 1 383 Kastner, J . . . . .' 853 Keas, A. M 383 Kearns, F 109 Keister, S. A. D 242 Kelley, J. L 641 Kelly, W. T 243 Kenast, F 854 Kenington, W. H 855 Kendall, A 108 Kennedy, J. H 384 Kennedy, R. M 385 Kershner, A. A 854 Kershner, C. B 580 Kershner, G. W. 719 Kessler, J. A 244 Keyes, W. L no Kilpatrick, R. J .' 506 Kilpatrick, S. D 506 Kilpatrick, W. H , 506 Kimball, E. H 856 Kimball, W. S 553 Kime, J 562 Kinney, J. R 859 Kinney, P. J 387 Kipping, P 246 Kirkpatrick, J Ill Kirkpatrick, J. W 245 Kise, S 858 Klassert, H 508 Knight, J 509 Knittle, R. H 511 Knobs, A 859 Krauss, L 861 Kriiger, J. D. C 247 Kueny, B. F. A 248 Kun.tzman, G 112 Kuykendall, W. L 115 Kuykendall, H. L 860 Lacey, J. W 24 Lachapelle, C 865 Lane, A. D 249 Lannen, W 388 Larsen, H 120 XIV INDEX. Lathan, G. 390 Lavell, C. E 119 Lawyer, W. P 661 Lehmberg, A 554 Lelimer, L 729 Leifer, 178 Leman, D. W 391 Lester, H 392 Levers, E. E 393 Lewis, J. F 250 Lewis, J. H 864 Lewis, J. L 869 Lewis, R. H 720 Lindsey, J. J 868 Lippoldt, H 862 Logan, G 723 Long', A. W 863 Lord, G 395 Loucks, J. D 395 Loughran, J 251 Lovat,t, J. A 290 Loveday, I 867 Low, 724 Lowe, B. F 251 Luce, W. W 450 Lufkin, C 663 Luman, A 194 Luman, J ' 910 Lund, J 254 Lundie, F 864 Lusk, F. S : . . 117 Lytle, J 643 McAllister, D 118 McAuley, R 555 McAvoy, J. A : 255 McCaffrey, B 256 McCallum, D 397 McCarell, J. J 661 McCannel, D. C '. 662 McCormick, J. J 721 McCoy, J. L 402 McCreary, L 869 McDonald, D ■. 257 McDonald, K 113 McGee, T. H 512 McGee, T. L 871 McGinnis, W. J 575 McGrath, M 261 McGraw, J. A 870 Mcliquham, J. J 120 McLennon, D 665 McLaughlin, J. R 666 McLoughlin, J 513 McNay, O. W 664 McNeil, W 962 McNiven, J 664 McNish, J 264 McPhee, H. M 121 McPhillamey, R 964 McReynolds, W 498 McWhinnie, C. H 122 MacFarlane, W. F 260 Maghee, G. H 730 Maghee, T. G 210 Magoon, J. H 123 Major, S. T 265 Manley, M 515 Mann, E. W 516 Manorgan, J. A 517 Manning, W. F 871 Marcliessault, A. R 262 Marquette, G 666 Marialaky, M 557 Marrin, J. J 556 Marshall, E 872 Martin, A. J 667 Martin, L. E 518 Martin, S 124 Marston, C. A 668 Mason, A. H 125 Mason, I. G 669 Mason, M 875 Mass, P 146 Mathews, F. M 398 Matthews, J. B 873 Matthews, T. N 263 Maxwell, W 874 May, J. 1 558 May, J. M 127 May, R 731 Mead, G. S 670 Meeks, C. D 876 Megeath, E. Y 877 Megeath, J. G 877 Megeath, T. A 877 Mellor, W. H 131 Melloy, A. R 127 Mendenhall, W. H 529 Merrill, G 878 Merrill, J. L -879 Metcalf, G. W 520 Meyer, Mrs. B 560 Meyer, J. S 559 Middaugh, I. 519 Miller, A. L 398 Miller, C. F 403 Miller, G 669 Miller, H. C 880 Miller, H. E 880 Miller, J. M 560 Miller, J. W 884 Miller, R 265 Miller, R. A 723 Miller, W. H 399 Mills, S. A 133 Mitchell, F. S 518 Mitchell, G 521 Mondell, F. W 646 Moody, S. V 883 Moore, J. R 129 Moran, J 405 Morgan, O. C 565 Morgareidge, C. W 267 Morsch, W. J 523 Morton, J 400 Morris, D. M 561 Morris, W. E 671 Morrison, C. A .'....' 134 Morse, R. A 670 Moslander, C 722 Moss, W. H 401 Mott, J 135 Moyer, C. A 136 Murphy, M. H 405 Murphy, M 802 Murray, E. S 961 Murta, F. J 724 Muzzy, F. H 659 Myers, A 571 Myers, G. A 563 Myers, W. S Nagle, E 354 Nagle, G. H 355 Nansell, L 883 Neel, S. R 137 Neilson, A 266 Neilson, R 138 Nelson, T. F 673 Neuber, A. F -. 139 Newcomer,. E 140 Newell, F. M 524 Newell, G. H 406 Newell, H. J 268 Newell, M. A 407 Newman, J. M 338 Newman, R. L 140 Nichols, M 142 Nickerson, H. G 114 Nickerson, O. K 269 Nicol, F 882 Nietfeldt, H 885 Nihart, F. L 143 Niland, Vv T 886 Nisbet, A 411 Noble, E. R 576 Noble, F. F.... 270 Noble, J. M 579 Noble, W. P 434 Noble, Z. T 569 Norton, E. D 409 Norwood, C. C 408 Nottingham, W. W 272 Nowlin, D. C 866 Nylen, C. W 410 O'Brien, J 886 O'Brien, J. D 144 O'Donnell. W. H 887 O'Flvnn, T. D 412 O'Neal, C 888 Olsen, P. 827 Packard, W. H S89 Padget, J. W 270 Padgett, W. H 890 Pahlow, R 891 Painter, J. R 672 Palmer, C. C 271 Pardee, G. B 275 Parks. S. C 732 Partridge. C. E 145 Patten, J. .1 582 Patzold, O. A 14S Paul, H. R 431 Paulson, P 432 Paxton, G. E 433 Payton. J. W 892 Pearce. W. H 894 Peay. W. W 676 Pease, W. D 433 Pearson. J 147 Perdue. E 14S Perkins. B. F 436 Perkins. H. L., Sr Perkins. H. L.. Jr 945 Perry, H 437 Peters, E. E 150 Petersou, G. H 893 Petersen. H 897 INDEX. xv Petty, J 43S Pflster, G. F 441 Phelps, S. E 276 Phillips, A. W 439 Phillips, J. B 439 Phillips Bros 439 Pickett, W. D 897 Pingree, G. W 150 Pollard, C. A 123 Pollock, G. N 151 Pomeroy, R. R 273 Porath, F 277 Porter, A 895 Porter, G. M 899 Porter, W. 1 901 Potter; C. N 458 Powell, G 153 Powers, A 441 Powers, T. G 900 Prat ley, J 153 Preator, R. L 676 Price, J 902 Purdy, J 152 Putnam, A. L 442 Quealy, P. J 654 Rae, R 903 Ragan, A. B 903 Ralston, W. H 157 Ralli, P. A 904 Rath, R. B 678 Rathbun, D. B 154 Rawhouser, R . . 905 Reals, O. A 443 Redman, G 279 Reel, A. H 278 Reel, Mrs. S. B 278 Reese, D. H 279 Reid, C 444 Reid, J 677 Reid, J. M 850 Reid, Mrs. E 445 Reynolds, W. M 738 Rhein, W. H 280 Rice, C 155 Richards, DeF 19 Richards, J. DeF 445 Richardson, A 906 Richardson, J. B 156 Rideout, E. N 907 Reitz, C. F 907 Riner, J. A 26 Ripley, A. L 908 Ritterling, H 680 Roadifer, W 681 Roberts, A 583 Roberts, F 909 Roberts, T. H 281 Robertson, A. B 682 Roberson, C. F 418 Robinson, A 157 Robinson, B 683 Robinson, R. D 911 Robinson, W 912 Rogers, B. G 683 Rogers, W 158 Rohrbaugh, B. P 446 Rooney, W. D 912 Rose, J .'.. 583 Royer, D. C 447 Rowlands, W 913 Rowlands, Mrs. K 913 Rue, F. I 584 Russell, G. H 914 Russell, Geo. S 679 Rutherford, A 158 Rutherford, U 915 Rutledge, T. J 159 Ryan, J 915 Sabin, G. H 918 Sackett, J. H 411 Sackett, Mrs. M. A 411 Safely, G 413 Salathe, F ,770 Salmela, J.. , 916 Sandercock, H. A 415 Sandercock, T. B 414 Sawyer, I. B 920 Sawin, M. L 282 Saxton, Eli '284 Saxton, Mrs. M. H 284 Schleuning, F 918 Schoonmaker, C 917 Schuneman, J. W 416 Scott, G. W i 284 Scott, N. H 585 Scully, D. T 684 . Seaman, J 684 Senff, F. L 735 Senff, Mrs. P 736 Sedgwick, J 589 Shafer, P. W 160 Shaw, C. B 686 Shaw, J 919 Shaw, J. C 587 Sheehan, J. H 921 Shepard, P. A 163 Sherlock, J 588 Sherlock, P. R 588 Sill, W. L 161 Simmons, A 163 Simmons, Mrs. E. L 164 Simonson, E 922 Simpson, J. P 922 Simpson, J. S 285 Simpson, W. L 686 Sims, J 920 Slack, E. A 220 Slaughter, J. R 166 Sliney, G. M 706 Small, S. C 923 Smalley, E. J 416 Smiley, E. E 29 Smith, A 165 Smith, A. W 242 Smith, C 687 Smith, F 289 Smith, I. N 167 Smith, G. H 286 Smith, H 287 Smith, H. F 924 Smith, J. R 167 Smith, J. T. H 688 Smith, O. C 168 Smith, J. J 925 Smith, L. L 689 Smith S 689 Smith, S. F 926 Smith, R 287 Smith, R. C 926 Smith, W. F 170 Smith, W. J 927 Smyth, O. J 417 Sneddon, T 291 Snow, G. W 419 Snow, J. T 292 Solliday, W. H 172 Sodergreen, C. F 171 Somsen, H. J 928 Spence, W 175 Spencer, G. W 173 Spencer, J. C 174 Spinner, B 692 Spinner, K 175 Spratt, T 693 St. John, B. T 283 Stahle, J ■. 420 Steed, A. A 590 Stein, C 929 Stitzer, F. A 30 Stoll, G 525 Stoll, W. R 421 Stone, E. W 32 Stoner, J. "W 292 Storrie, J 591 Stough, C. L. 930 Stover, W. J 694 Strickler, S 693 Strong, F. S 697 Strong, F. W 526 Strong, H 930 Strong, J. E 176 Strong, J. H. W 696 Sullivan, J. H 931 Sullivan, P 527 Summers, W. M 642' Sutherland, A , 932 Sutherland, G. A 698 Sutton, E 176 Swan, L. J 528 Swanson, P 934 Swanson, C 179 Sweney, H. K 695 Sweney, R 933 Sweet, T. P 531 Tait, R 422 Taylor, C. B 423 Taylor, H. J. B 933 Taylor, W. B 937 Terry. G 936 Thatcher, J. D., Jr 593 Thatcher, N. D " 939 Thayer, D. M 177 Thayer, R. L '. 592 Thayer, W 697 Thayer, W. H 293 Thomas, C. S 532 Thomas, D. G 593 Thomas, H. J 935 Thomas, L. R 179 Thompson, B 181 Thompson, F. O 938 Thorne, J. A .' 93S Thraus, J 698 Tibbets, G. W 754 Tidball, L. C 297 Tisch, H <-. 294 Tisch, 295 XVI INDEX. Tolman, J. M 941 Trimmer, T. S 699 Turner, E 700 Turpin, B 424 Tuttle, R. M 940 Twitchel, J 595 Twitchel, B 595 Van Dyke, E. E 652 Van Noy, T. L 940 Van Orsdel, J. A 229 Van Patten, W 942 Vandervoort, F 944 Vanorii, V 700 Veitch, A. L 943 Vible, J 598 Venter, E 881 Virden, F. H 944 Wade, J. B ■ 946 Wagstaff, A 182 Wall, J 597 Wallace, D. D 650 Wallace, Mrs. J 651 Wain, R. A 701 Wain, W. S 534 Walters, J 651 Ward, J. H.. 950 Warner, M. H 702 Warren, F. E 226 Warren, J. B 734 Waters, I. U.. 703 Watson, J. D 657 Weaklen, R. S 425 Webb, L. A 947 Webel, C. C. P 948 Weber, J 949 Webster, W. P 703 Wedemeyer, J. T 426 Weintz, J 704 Welch, J. M 296 Weller, D 708 Weltner, F '. . 297 Weltner, J. C . . 297 Wendt, H 183 Werlin, J 953 Wernli, W. J 299 Wfston, J 954 Whalon, N. H 658 Whalon, R 955 Wheeler, W. L 435 Whitney, J. M 300 Wickmire, B. F 599 Wilcox, J. F 180 Wilde, A 957 Wilde, J '. 427 Wilkinson, A 258 Wilkinson, J 274 Willadsen, M 301 Willey, J. W 428 Williams, A 302 Williams, F. 598 Williams, F. M 705 Williams, H. H 184 Williams, Mrs. M 303 Williams, W. R 708 Willson Bros 188 Willson, E. B 188 Willson, G. L 188 Wilson, J. M 429 Wilson, Mrs. M 600 Wilson, Mrs. M. B 709 Wilson, R.. 303 Wilson, S. T 957 Wilson, Z 959 Wolbol, M 430 Wolf. F. G 187 Wolff, J. M 710 Wood, L 594 Wood, N. D 818 Woodruff, D. P 710 Wright, J. M 958 Wrisinger, J. W 960 Wyman, W. H 186 Wvmer, J. A 959 Yount, H. S 711 Yensen, S , 713 Youmans, H. M 306 Young, E 602 Young, J 305 Young, W. 961 Yoder, H. Z 304 Yoder, P. J 185 Zummack, C 183 ILLUSTRATIONS. Allan, R. P 578 Ayres, A. W. 626 Borner, J. G 538 Beeman, N 98 Bresnahen, L. R 322 Bramel, C. W 162 Bucknum, C. K 690 Carroll, W. P 130 Carter, Judge W. A 50 Clemmons, C. P 482 Cody, W. F .. 82 Deming W. C 466 Early Life in Wyoming 546 Edwards, Chas. H 674 Ferris, G 575 Fiero, John G 386 Gramm, Otto 66' Grimmett, 370 Gross, Chas. J 834 Hansen, H 610 Held, H 232 Held, Mrs. Henry 232 Iden, Mrs. Alice 514 Iden, S. A '. . . 514 Kime, Jas 562 Leifer, Otto 178 Luce, W. W 450 Luce, Mrs. W. W 450 Luman, Abner 194 Maghee, Thomas G 210 Mass, Philip 146 McCoy, John L 402 Mondell, F. W 646 Moslander, Charles 722 Murphy, M 802 Nagle, E 354 Newman, J. M 338 Noble, W. P 434 Nowlin, D. C 866 Quealy, P. J 654 Reynolds, Wm 738 Richards, DeF 19 Roberson, C. F 418 Sliney, Geo. M 706 Smith, A. W 242 Summers, Wm. M 642 Tibbets, Geo. W . 54 Warren, F. E 226 Wilkinson, Anthony 258 Wilkinson, John 274 Wood, L 594 Wood, Mrs. M. J 594 Youmans, H. M 306 PROGRESSIVE MEN -OF- THE STATE OF WYOMING. gov. Deforest richards. When on April 28, 1903, the tolling bells in- dicated the departure from its mortal tenement of the ethereal essence of the late Gov. DeForest Richards, a great commonwealth was enshrouded in gloom. A great man had passed from earth. The chief executive of a vigorous, important and progressive state had no longer anything to do with the stirring activities in which he for so long a period had borne a most conspicuous part, and the mighty commonwealth felt crushed and paralyzed under the loss of one of its most ar- dent champions and strongest friends. All over the broad land thousands upon thousands of peo- ple felt a personal anguish, not only in the loss of the governor of the state, but from the thought that one of the strongest and truest personal friends of the people of the whole state had ceased to exist, that his loving words of welcome would no more greet them, that his sunny smile would never again beam on them, that his earn- .est endeavors would never again battle for the people's cause. New England has contributed many notable men to the country west of the Mis- sissippi River. The sturdy spirit which rescued New England from the wilderness and, the sav- age, and made it the cradle of civilization on the western hemisphere, has to a large extent built up the states of the new West. The most ener- getic and adventurous of the sons of New Eng- land, having in their veins the blood of cen- turies of Puritan ancestry, have left the hillsides of their native East and have come to the rolling plains of the West, bearing with them the con- trolling spirit of free institutions which was brought over by the Pilgrims in the Mayflower. They have planted here in the outposts of civ- ilization the seeds of full freedom, have beaten back savagery and laid the foundations of great and prosperous states. A fine type of the stalwart sons of New England who have written so large a page, not only in the history of America, but of the world, was Hon. DeForest Richards, late governor of Wyoming. No man in the state was nearer to the hearts of the people and no man better deserved their affection arid respect. Gov- ernor Richards, was a large man, physically and mentally, and he possessed all the sterling traits of character of a long line of the best New Eng- land ancestry. A native of Charlestown, N. H., where he was born on August 6, 1846, his an- cestors have borne an honored and prominent part in the business and public life of New Eng- land for many generations. The original Ameri- can emigrants of the Richards family arrived at 20 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. Cape Cod, Mass., in 1630, only ten years after the historic landing of the Pilgrim fathers at Plymouth and his maternal ancestors, of the well- known Jarvis family, came to 'the Massachusetts Bay colony about 1640. No history of New Eng- land can be written without frequent reference to the achievements of members of these two fam- ilies during early Colonial times or during the stormy period culminating in the Revolution. The great-grandfather of Governor Richards, Dr. Charles Jarvis, was an intimate friend and close political associate of Samuel Adams, John Han- cock, John Adams and Gen. Joseph Warren, and of others whose achievements are a noble part of the story of mankind's struggle for liberty. In the contest with the tyranny of King George, the ancestors of Governor Richards were prom- inent among those who bore the heat and burden of that momentous day and won immortal fame in the patriotic service they rendered to man- kind. The maternal grandfather of Governor Richards, William Jarvis, a son of Dr. Charles Jarvis, was one of the leading men of Massa- chusetts for many years, being appointed by President Jefferson in 1802 as consul to the city of Lisbon, Portugal, and acting charge d'affaires to that kingdom. A man of progressive ideas, always planning to benefit his own country and the industries of her people, it was entirely through his efforts that the first Merino sheep were brought to America from Spain. This great service to the sheep and woolgrowing in- dustries of the nation has been fittingly recog- nized and acknowledged in the. reports of the agricultural department of the government. In the report of 1892 occurs this statement: "Con- sul Jarvis was successful in his efforts to amelio- rate the trouble to which our shipping was sub- jected, so that at the commencement of the Peninsular War he secured the immense neutral trade of the armies engaged in that conflict. It was fortunate also that he possessed a mind com- prehensive enough to see the great advantage to his country of the acquisition of the Merino sheep, and the energy of character necessary to secure them. There can be no question that his example in securing some of the best sheep in Spain, not only for himself, but for others, was a great incentive to the trade in them that im- mediately followed, by which so many thousand sheep were transferred to this country to increase her wealth and encourage her manufactures of fine woolen goods." The father of Governor Richards was J. DeForest Richards, a Congrega- tional minister and one of the leading educators of the United States. In later life he was the president of the Ohio Female Seminary, at Col- lege Hill, Ohio, and afterward president of the Alabama State University at Tuscaloosa. The Governor's mother, whose maiden name was Harriet Bartlett Jarvis, is still living at the ad- vanced age of eighty-three years and is a woman of strong character, whose faculties are as clear as in her younger days. During his early life, his parents removed from Charlestown to Weath- ersfield, Vt. This place is situated on the Con- necticut River, just below the old town of AA'ind- sor, where in 1777, the independence of Ver- mont, then known as the New Hampshire Grant, was originally declared. Young Richards early entered the Kimball Union Academy, at Meriden. N. H, where he pursued a thorough course of study and was graduated with distinction, later becoming for one year a student of the well- known Phillips Andover Academy of Massa- chusetts. In youth he gave promise of the strong and manly character he became in later years. Thorough in his studies and devoted to his books, he was yet first in all manly sports, ex- celling both in the classroom and on the campus. Even when a lad he was noted as an athlete and his devotion to outdoor sports laid the founda- tion of the vigorous health he enjoyed up to recent years. At the close of the Civil War. in 1865, he accompanied his father to Alabama, where on the father's plantation in Wilcox county he engaged in raising cotton. After getting the enterprise fairly started, the father left the plan- tation in full charge of his son and returned to his northern home. For three years young Rich- ards ably conducted the plantation, with varying success. The father in the meantime had re- turned to Alabama, and was at the head of the State University for several years, dying, howev- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 21 er, at Mobile in 1872. His estate was found to be so badly involved that there was practically nothing left for the heirs. In 1867, just after he had attained his majority, DeForest Richards was elected a member of the first state legislature of Alabama under reconstruction. In 1868 he was the sheriff of Wilcox county, and served as such four years. He was then elected county treas- urer and served two terms in that capacity. He then retired from politics and engaged in the operation of a tannery, in which he became heav- ily involved in debt through no fault of his own. With his sterling honesty he determined to meet his obligations in full, resolutely set about a re- organization of his business and after working day and night at the shoemaker's bench for two years, he was enabled to pay his debts in full and have $1,500 as a capital with which he engaged in merchandising at Camden, Ala., where by his industry, perseverance and good judgment he built up a large and profitable trade. In 1885 he decided to remove his residence to Nebraska and previous to his leaving Camden, the mayor and city council of that place tendered him a ban- quet, at which they presented him with a marble statuette, suitably engraved, with expressions of their regret at his departure and good wishes for his future welfare. Upon coming to Nebras- ka, he established himself in both merchandising and banking at Chadron, and in 1886, he organ- ized the First National Bank of Douglas, Wyo. He was elected president of the latter institution, a position which he held until his death. Sub- sequently he was elected treasurer of the county of Dawes, Neb., and upon the expiration of his term of that office, he removed to Douglas, Wyo., where he has since made his home. Governor Richards became largely interested in extensive livestock and mercantile operations at Douglas, and was the owner of mercantile establishments at Casper also and other points in northern Wyoming. He was the president of the Platte Valley Sheep Company and of the Lander Transportation Co., which conducts very exten- sive freighting and transportation, employing sev- eral hundred teams and a large number of men, and during 1901 handled over six million pounds of wool. From these various financial enter- prises fortune came to him in no unstinted meas- ure. Governor Richards was ever a stanch ad- herent of the Republican party, one of the ablest and most trusted of its leaders in the western states. He was a most eloquent champion of the cause of Republicanism in both state and Na- tion, foremost in the advocacy of all honorable measures calculated to promote the welfare of that political organization. During his residence in Wyoming, Governor Richards held many posi- tions of honor and trust. He was the mayor of Douglas for one term, from 1891 to 1894 he was the commanding officer of the State National Guard, he was a member of the convention that framed the constitution of the state, and a mem- ber of the State Senate in 1892 and 1893. In 1898, he was first nominated and elected governor of Wyoming, this term of his exalted office ex- piring on the first Monday of January, 1903. At the time of his lamented death he was serving in his second term of office as governor, having been reelected in November, 1902. In 1871, Gov- ernor Richards was united in marriage at Engle- wood, N. J., with Miss Elise J. Ingersoll, a na- tive of Alabama, who is of Puritan and Hugue- not descent, her father having been born in Pitts- field, Mass., a member of the famous New Eng- land family of the name, and her mother being a representative of a distinguished Huguenot fam- ily of the Carolinas. She received her educa- tion at Camden Female Institute, one of the most select educational institutions of the southern states. Two children were born of this union. The son, J. DeForest Richards, resides at Doug- las, Wyo., the vice-president of the First Na- tional Bank. The daughter is married and re- sides in California. Governor Richards was an honored member of the Masonic fraternity. He was worshipful master of the Masonic Lodge at Camden, Ala., an honor not often conferred upon a northern man in that state. In Wyoming he has served as grand master of the Grand Lodge and belonged to the Commandery, the Consist- ory of Scottish Rite Masons and to that Ma- sonic club, the Mystic Shrine. His funeral ser- vices, conducted by the Masonic fraternity, were .22 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. the most impressive ever held in Wyoming. Bet- ter than any words of ours, the utterances of those Wyoming people who have known the late Gover- nor long and well, will portray his nature, charac- ter and the position he occupied in public and pri- vate life and in the hearts of the people. The Cheyenne Tribune voices public sentiment in the following words : "Governor Richards is gone. This great man, who has done so much for Wyo- ming, has passed beyond, yet how truly it can be said : 'His works will follow him.' ' The loss to the state of a man of such sterling worth is indeed a public calamity. That loving hand which was ever extended to aid the deserving is for- ever helpless, yet how sweet will be the remem- brance of those who have been blessed by that hand with deeds prompted by the noblest of hearts. In the death of Governor Richards Wyo- ming has lost one of its most ardent champions. Not only within its borders have his good words, deeds and influence been felt, but in his travels, which have been of wide scope, the state of which he was chief executive was ever brought to the front ; and how unselfishly he performed his good work, spending his time and money in trav- ersing the country to tell the people of its great resources and advantages. He loved success, and what an example of success his life has been. Beginning in a humble way, he fought life's bat- tles manfully, and how beautifully he has shown to the world what crowning there is in honest, steadfast, noble effort, backed by unswerving character. As a friend Governor Richards was loyal, ever. No truer friend ever lived. One of the gems in his lovable character was his loyalty to his friends against all possible influences. This is one of the grandest tests of manhood. All hearts are sad, very sad, today." The following was written by an individual fully competent to justly estimate the life, services and character of the distinguished gentleman who so courteous- ly and ably filled every station in life to which he was called, domestic, civic, social, state or national : "The state mourns. Death has re- moved its chief executive, but the grief, which is felt as keenly in the remotest hamlet as in the capital city, springs not so much from the ti- dings that the Governor is dead as from the real- ization that DeForest Richards is no more. The people's grief is that of friends for a friend, to those who knew him the greatness of this man as director of the commonwealth palls before the nobility of his life as a private citizen ; in the hour of his soul's departure we grieve for DeFor- est Richards, who honored, was not honored, by the title of chief executive. Death has taken him away, but the memory of his beautiful char- acter can not die. As governor he was a states- man, a rare combination, but his character as a man was rarer still ; he was one of the few of each generation who love, and are loved, by all mankind. Death came to him softly while his devoted wife and daughter were at his side. His son, himself sick in a city a thousand miles away, was unable to be present." HON. FENIMORE CHATTERTOX. This honored gentleman, who fills with dis- tinction the high office of secretary of state of Wyoming, and by reason of the lamented death of Governor Richards is now the acting gover- nor, is a typical representative of the choicest element of New England manhood, although not of New England birth. He comes of an old Vermont family, the lineage of which goes back to an early period of that commonwealth. He in- herits in a marked degree the sterling mental characteristics for which his ancestors were long noted. Rev. Germon Chatterton, the father, was a native of the Green Mountain state and for many years filled the chair of literature in Middlebury College. Later, in Oswego, N. Y., he practiced law for some years, subsequently retiring from that profession for the purpose of pursuing the theological course in the Auburn Theological Seminar) - , one of the leading Pres- byterian educational institutions of America. He became an able and scholarly divine, filled a number of prominent pulpits and earned an en- viable reputation as a leader of religious thought in his denomination. A man of wide culture and varied attainments, he impressed his personality on every community in which he lived, winning PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 23 a permanent place in religious, educational and professional circles. After a long and useful ca- reer, he resigned his professorship, relinquished ministerial labors and is now living a life of honored retirement in the state of New York. Leveret Chatterton, the paternal grandfather of the one of whom we now write, was born in Rut- land county, Vt., and passed all his life within the confines' of his native state. He served with distinction in the War of 1812 and lived to a ripe old age, dying in 1874. Ama Mazumon, wife of Germon Chatterton and mother of the Hon. Fenimore Chatterton, was also of Vermont birth and died in 1867. Fenimore Chatterton was born in the city of Oswego, N. Y., on July 21, i860. When he was but a young child his parents moved to Washington, D. C, in which city he spent the years of his childhood and youth and also received his preliminary discip- line in the schools of the national capital. The training thus acquired was supplemented by a full course in Columbiana college, from which in- stitution he was graduated with an honorable record as a student. Finishing his intellectual education, Mr. Chatterton took up the study of law in Washington, D. C, but was not admit- ted to the bar until some years later, breaking off his professional research in 1878 for the pur- pose of seeking his fortune in the West. In that year he came to Wyoming and accepted a clerk- ship in the poststore at Ft. Steele, in which capac- ity he continued until purchasing the stock and ' becoming sole proprietor some time later. He conducted the business with encouraging finan- cial results until 1888,. when he disposed of the establishment to enter upon his duties as pro- bate judge and treasurer of Carbon county, to which offices he was elected in the fall of that year. Mr. Chatterton discharged his dual func- tions until 1890, when he resigned both positions and took his seat as senator in the first session of the State Senate. He served with credit in that body, was a careful and conservative mem- ber and his name was associated with the im- portant committees, rendering much valuable service to his constituents and to the state. He served three terms 'in the Senate and his career as a lawmaker fully met the high expectations of the people, who honored him with this sig- nal mark of their confidence and favor. Actuated by a laudable desire to strengthen and enlarge his legal knowledge, Mr. Chatterton in 1892 en- tered the law department of Michigan Univer- sity, from which he was graduated the following year. Meantime he had been admitted to the bar and, opening an office at Rawlins, he soon won a respectable standing among the successful practitioners of Carbon county. Shortly after his election as secretary of state he associated with himself L. E. Armstrong in this legal prac- tice and the partnership thus constituted still ex- ists, and it is needless to say that this firm takes high rank at the bar of the state. It is not mere partisan praise or adulation, nor is it overes- timation, to say that Mr. Chatterton is at the present time one of the most scholarly and best- equipped barristers of the bar where he practices. As a lawyer, he is sound, clear-minded and well- disciplined, intellectually and professionally. The limitations which are imposed by Federal pow- ers are well understood by him. With the long line of decisions from Marshall down to Fuller, by which the constitutions have been expounded, he is familiar as are all thoroughly skilled law- yers. He is at home in all the departments of the law, from the. minutiae of general practice to the greater topics, wherein are involved consid- eration of the ethics and philosophy of jurispru- dence and the higher concerns of public policy. But he is not learned in the law alone, for he has studied long and carefully the subjects that are to the man of affairs of the greatest im- port, the questions of finance and political econ- omy, in which he has kept abreast of the best thinking men of the state. In the management of cases he is actuated by the best interest of his client, being felicitous and clear in statement of legal principles involved, forcible and thoroughly earnest in argument, full of vigor of conviction, never abusive of adversaries, always imbued with becoming courtesy, yet a foe worthy the steel of the ablest opponent. From 1894 to 1896 Mr. Chatterton served as county attorney and in 1898 was elected by the Republican party of PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. Wyoming - to the high office he now holds, sec- retary of state. His previous intellectual discip- line in one of the most noted educational insti- tutions in the land, and his training in the intri- cacies of the law, both, combined with a natural aptitude for the undertakings requiring abilities of a high order, have peculiarly fitted Mr. Chatterton for the very important station with which his fellow citizens have so honored him. His administration of the office has demonstrated the wisdom of his election and it is safe to affirm that the state has never had a more capable, obliging or popular public ser- vant. For some years past Mr. Chatterton, with others, has been largely interested in the min- ing industry. He was instrumental in organiz- ing what is now known as the Kurtz & Chatter- ton mine in the Grand Encampment district and about 1900 he organized the Kurtz and Chat- terton Mining Co., and erected works for the de- velopment of a large area of valuable mineral property. He has also interests in various other mining enterprises and has become one of the leaders of that industry in Carbon county and elsewhere. In politics Mr. Chatterton yields an unwavering allegiance to the Republican party and has served as chairman of the central com- mittee of his county at different times. He is public spirited in all which the term implies and has done much to advance the material and in- dustrial interests of both his county and state. All enterprises having for their object the intellec- tual and moral good of the body politic find in him a zealous friend and a liberal patron and he keeps in close touch with the trend of thought on all the great questions of the day, national and international. In a fraternal way he has advanced to high degrees in the ancient and noble order of Freemasonry, having attained the Thir- ty-second degree of the Scottish Rite. From 1894 to 1896 he was the grand master of the Grand Lodge of Wyoming, in addition to which exalted position he served as potentate of the Mystic Shrine and as deputy grand commander of the Grand Commandery of Wyoming. Mr. Chatterton's fidelity to the high duties of citi- zenship has been signally manifested in every re- lation of life in which he has been placed. His is a broad mentality, his a strong, loyal, and sym- pathetic nature, and his aim has been unmistak- ably to live as nearly to his possibilities and ideals as has been in his power to do, both in private and public life. Such men deserve much more than a modicum of respect and honor, and that these have not been denied to Mr. Chatter- ton is evident to one who has marked even in a cursory way the leading facts in this brief record. HON. JOHN W. LACEY. Hon. John W. Lacey, ex-chief justice of Wyoming and for a number of years a distin- guished lawyer of the Cheyenne bar, was born in Randolph county, Indiana, on October 13, 1848, the son of Rev. Henry J. and Elizabeth (Thompson) Lacey, the father being a noted Methodist divine who passed a long and eminent- ly useful ministerial life in the Hoosier state and is now living in a superannuated relation in the county of Randolph. William Lace} - , father of Henry J., was a native of Georgia, but in an early day he moved to Wayne county, Ind., where he passed the greater part of his life, dy- ing there a number of years ago. The Judge is one of a family of four sons and three daugh- ters, of whom three of the sons are living. In his youth he enjoyed such educational privileges as were afforded by the public schools of the different places where his father was stationed, but, being of a studious nature and a great lover of knowledge, he determined to prosecute his in- tellectual researches under more favorable condi- tions. Accordingly he entered De Pauw Uni- versity at Greencastle, Ind., where he made a creditable record as a student, completing the prescribed course in 1871. After graduating Mr. Lacey turned his attention to teaching, but a limited experience in that calling induced him to choose some other profession for his lifework. Having early manifested a decided taste for the law he began preparing for the legal profession by a course of preliminary reading under the direction of Isaac Van Devanter, o.f Marion. Ind.. whose office he entered in 1875 and with whom PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 25 he continued his studies until his admission to the bar the following year. Prior to 1875 he had read law at intervals in the office of William O'Brien of Noblesville, but his most substantial progress was made in the later period. Judge Lacey began legal practice at Marion, Ind., and by close application and conscientious fidelity to the interests of his clients soon won a conspic- uous place among the successful lawyers of the Grant county bar. For ability, as well as for suc- cessful effort, he was excelled by few of his professional brethren, as the large amount of business which came to him attested. He con- tinued at Marion with a constantly increasing clientele until 1884, when President Arthur ap- pointed him chief justice of Wyoming, in which high office he served with eminent ability until the latter part of 1886. In November of that year he resigned his office and resumed the prac- tice of law at Cheyenne, effecting a copartnership with W, W. Corlett and Judge Riner under the firm name of Corlett, Lacey & Riner, which as- sociation lasted until the death of Mr. Corlett four years later. Messrs. Lacey and Riner con- tinued to practice as partners until the latter's appointment to the district judgeship in 1890, af- ter which Judge Lacey was alone until he be- came associated with Mr. Van Devanter, the firm of Lacey & Van Devanter lasting to the present time. Judge Lacey has ever been a close student of his profession and his management of a case at once demonstrates his careful and painstaking preparation and his thorough mas- tery of the situation, being well-grounded in the underlying principles of jurisprudence and pos- sessing the ability and tact to apply his theoret- ical knowledge to practice, he is quick to notice the weak points in the argument of an opponent and notes with avidity every detail and its prob- able bearing in the case, never, however, losing sight for an instant of the important points upon which the decision of every case finally turns. He comprehends with little or no effort the rela- tion and dependence of facts, and so groups them as to enable him to throw their combined force upon the point they tend to prove. Judge Lacey met the high expectations' of the people as chief justice and his record while in that office not only added to his reputation as an able jurist, but gave him distinctive prestige with the bar throughout the state. At the present time the firm of which he is a member has a practice of great magnitude and wide scope, his name ap- pearing in connection with nearly every impor- tant case in the courts of Laramie county. He is frequently retained as counsel in cases of large moment in other parts of Wyoming, his fame as a scholarly and erudite lawyer being known in every county of the state. In addition to his professional and judicial career Judge Lacey has a military record, having served as a soldier during the latter years of the Civil War. He first enlisted in 1863, joining Co. F, One Hun- dred and Thirty-seventh Indiana Infantry, but did not long remain with that command, being mustered out before the expiration of the year. In 1864 he enlisted in Co. B, One Hundred and Fifty-second Indiana Infantry, with which he served until the close of the war, the regiment principally doing guard duty in various parts of Virginia. Turning to the domestic pages in the story of Judge Lacey's life we find that he was happily married at Marion, Ind., in 1878 with Miss Elizabeth Van Devanter, a native of that state and a daughter of his former precep- tor in the law, Isaac Van Devanter, and of their felicitous -union six children have been born, Herbert V., Walter M., Ruth, Elizabeth, Louise and Margaret. In politics Judge Lacey has always been a pronounced Republican, earnest and unwavering in the support of his political convictions. A potential factor in local and state affairs, he has contributed much to his par- ty's success as an advisor, planner of campaigns and as an energetic worker in the ranks. He is very prominent in the Masonic fraternity, having taken the Thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite, and he also belongs to the commanderv. The Judge is a public spirited citizen, deeply interested in everything pertaining to the wel- fare of his city and state and he has been a leader in inaugurating and carrying to a suc- cessful completion various public improvements. His life has been a very busy and useful one and Wyoming acknowledges her indebtedness to him in many lines of advancement . 26 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMIXG. HON. JOHN A. RINER. In no profession is there a career more open to talent than in that of the law and in no field of endeavor is there demanded a more careful appreciation of the ethics of life or of the un- derlying principles which form the basis of all human rights and privileges. Unflagging appli- cation, an intuitive wisdom and a determination to utilize fully the means at hand are the neces- sary concomitants which insure personal success and prestige in this great profession, which stands as the stern conservator of justice, and into it none should enter without a recognition of the obstacles to be overcome and the battles to be won, for success does not attend all persons who enter the competitive fray, but comes only as the sequel of- capacity and unmistakable ability. The subject of this review is one who has won dis- tinctive precedence in the legal profession and whose abilities and attainments have placed him in some of the most distinguished official positions within the gift of the state. Hon. John A. Riner, a son of John and Mary (White) Riner, was born in Preble county, Ohio, in 1850. The father, a millwright by trade, was also a native of Ohio, but left that state in 1868, emigrating to Butler county, Iowa, where he passed the remainder of his life, dying in 1899. His father, whose name was also John, was born in Virginia but moved to Ohio in an early day, being one of the pioneers of Preble county. Mrs. Mary Riner, the mother, was of New Eng- land birth and when young she was brought from her native state of Vermont 'to Preble county, Ohio, where she grew to maturity, mar* ried and reared a part of her family, thence re- moving to Iowa where she departed this life about 1897. The youthful life and discipline of Judge Riner was similar to that of the average boy reared in country or town. He assisted his par- ents as long as he remained at home and attended the public schools, in which was laid the foun- dation of the broad and liberal intellectual cul- ture which he gained in later years. He con- tinued to be thus employed until attaining the age of young manhood, when his quickened am- bition prompted him to select for a lifework the profession in which so many of the world's great- est men have achieved distinction. After a pre- liminary course of reading of legal textbooks, Mr. Riner entered the law department of the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor, from which he was graduated with the class of 1879, the same year beginning the legal practice in Cheyenne, Wyoming. Inheriting a decisive and reliant nature, it was not long until he forged to the front and built up a remunerative busi- ness. In 1 88 1 he was elected city attorney, the duties of 'which he discharged satisfactorily to all concerned until the expiration of his term, meanwhile attending closely to his constantly growing private practice. When it became ne- cessary to fill the office of U. S. district attor- ney for Wyoming, Mr. Riner was one whose talents and success caused him to be prominently mentioned as in every way fitted for the position. Accordingly in 1884 he was appointed to the place and immediately entered upon the dis- charge of his official functions. He acted in that capacity for one year and in 1886 was elected by the Republican party to the upper house of the General Assembly, where he made an honorable record as an able and discreet legis- lator. He introduced a number of important bills which, becoming laws, had a decided bear- ing in promoting the interests of the state in many ways, and he also served as president of the body during the session. He labored faith- fully for the welfare of the people, for with him patriotism has always been above party and loy- alty to his constituents paramount to every other consideration. Retiring from the legislature. Judge Riner resumed his practice, which in vol- ume, scope and importance at that time was sec- ond to none in the state. Ever a forceful factor in public affairs, he was elected in 1S80. a mem- ber of the constitutional convention, in the delib- erations of which he took a deep interest and act- ive part, serving on the judiciary committee, where his eminent legal talents were of especial value. One year later he was again elected to th State Senate, but resigned before the legisla- ture convened, in order to accept a place upon the PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 27 U. S. district bench, to which he was appointed on September 23, 1890. His career on the bench more than met the high expectations of his friends and the public, for he so discharged the duties of his high office as to receive the warm and hearty approval of the bar and all who had business to transact in this court. His rulings were fair and characterized by depth of legal knowledge, attesting a familiarity with the law, while but few of his decisions ever suffered re- versal at the hands of the Supreme Court. The Judge was married in 1882, with Miss May Jil- lich of Ohio, and they have four children, Ida M., Gertrude, Dorthra and John A. Fraternally, Judge Riner has long been prominent in Ma- sonic circles, having risen to the Thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite, being also an active worker in the Commandery. For some years he has been affiliated with the Pythian Brother- hood in the lodge ot Cheyenne. Judge Riner has been associated in the practice of law with va- rious prominent and eminent members of the Cheyenne bar, among them being Judges Potter and Lacey and W .W. Corlett, the last named dying in 1890. For a period of seven years he was an attorney for the Union Pacific Railroad, in which capacity he demonstrated abilities of a high order, discharging the often complicated duties coming within his sphere in such a way as to add to his already firmly established reputation as one of the state's leading legal minds. The Judge possesses high intellectuality, broad human sympathies and tolerance, and is imbued with fine sensibilities and clearly defined principles. Honor and integrity are synonymous with his name and he enjoys the respect, confi- dence and high regard of the people of his adopt- ed city and state. His eminent success in the line of his profession offers the best evidence of his intellectuality and mastery of his chosen call- ing. In his political adherency the Judge has been a lifelong Republican. As a member of the state central committee his council and leader- ship were effective in promoting harmony and strength and giving the party a prestige which resulted in victory in more than one campaign. His fame is secure as a patriotic citizen. HON. JOSEPH M. CAREY. Upon the magnificent roll of the founders and builders of the prosperity and existence of the young state of Wyoming stands no more con- spicuous or worthy name than that of Hon. Jos- eph M. Carey, whose services to the territory and state have been of most distinguished order, and whose prominence and power in public, civic and industrial circles have been far-reaching and distinctive from early pioneer days until the present. It is not our desire to enter into a pro- lix encomium upon this sterling, symmetrical, many-talented man, but to record in plain and concise form the statement of his life to serve as memorial and incentive in after years, as a portion of the just history of Cheyenne and the state. Senator Carey descended from the old- time English family of that name, its residence on American soil, however, dating back to an early period in the settlement of the Old Domin- ion, where it soon attained position and standing. The ancestors of ex-Senator Carey inclined to merchandising and agriculture and became mer- chants of Delaware, where his grandfather, Jos- eph Carey, was born and passed his life in mer- cantile and agricultural pursuits. He died in 1838. The father of the ex-Senator Carey, Rob- ert H. Carey, born 181 1, died 1891, succeeded to the merchandising interests of his father and conducted successful business in Sussex county, Del., in which state he also passed his life, mar- rying there Miss Susan P. Davis, born 1813, died 1881, also a member of an old Colonial family, and rearing four sons and two daughters. The subject of this sketch was born on January 19, 1845, m Sussex county, Del, and here he re- ceived his early educational training at public and private schools. Following these advan- tages he became a student at the Fort Edward (N. Y.) Collegiate Institute, where he was fitted for Union College, located at Schenectady, N. Y., where he was in diligent study from 1863 until 1865. This college' made him an honorary chancellor in 1894 and conferred upon him the degree of Doctor of Law. He began the tech- nical study of the law in the office of Benjamin 28 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. F. Temple in Philadelphia, Pa., thereafter con- tinuing instruction under the direction of W. L. Dennis and Henry Flanders, leading attorneys of that city, and in the law department of the Uni- versity of Pennsylvania, acquitting himself with credit and being graduated therefrom in 1867. Being thus well fortified and equipped for his chosen profession, he was engaged in legal prac- tice in Philadelphia until 1869. During this pe- riod he had an admirable preparation for his sub- sequent useful career in Wyoming, as by active practice and attention to business matters in Phil- adelphia he was well educated for western life. When he was a student in the lawyers' offices in Philadelphia and after his admission to the bar he made political speeches and canvassed portions of Pennsylvania and New Jersey. In May, 1869, Wyoming was organized as a terri- tory, Mr. Carey becoming the first U. S. attor- ney for the new territory and he took an active interest and part in bringing order out of chaos. He was well qualified for the position. He pros- ecuted violators of the law in all the counties of the new territory. His official labors were dis- charged with ease, promptly and always with satisfaction to the people and the government he represented. In recognition of his ability and services, in 1871, when he was less than twenty- eight years of age, he was again honored by Pres- ident Grant by an appointment as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the territory. This office he held until 1876, fidelity to his dit- ties and an appreciation of their responsibilities marking his full term of office. The centen- nial year witnessed the retirement of Judge Carey from both judicial office and the practice of law, his energies thereafter being expanded in the development of the state's great industrial enter- prises. He was one of the earliest to realize the inexhaustible resources of Wyoming as a stock- growing state and he was one of the leaders in this field of wealth, in company with his brother, R. Davis Carey of Philadephia, in 1871 he en- gaged in stock raising, their operations being very large and while they were interested in sev- eral large companies, among these the Penn Cattle Co. and Carev Co., their chief business has been conducted under the name of J. M. Ca- rey & Bro., which firm still has very large live- stock interests in Wyoming and the Dakotas. The citizens of Cheyenne honored themselves, as well as Judge Carey, when in 1880 they elected him the mayor of their progressive city, increas- ing this honor in 1881 by his second election to the same official station, while in 1882 they crowned their action by choosing him as mayor without opposition for the third time. In the mayoralty he inaugurated and carried to com- pletion important improvements, constructed valuable water and sewer sytems and placed the young city easily at the front of cities of similar size and importance in the Northwest. In 1884 he was chosen the delegate of the territory to the Forty-ninth Congress, serving with such clear-sighted statesmanship that he held the of- fice by successive reelections through three eventful terms, it being his hand that drew up and introduced to the favorable consideration of Congress the important bill which created the state of Wyoming. It is very easy to see that, following services of this momentous and ac- ceptable character, that, in 1890, at the first ses- sion of the state legislature, the distinguished delegate of the state should receive still further honors in his election as Wyoming's first U. S. Senator. In the dignified body of the country's leading statesmen Senator Carey took his seat as to the manor born, discharging the duties in- cumbent upon him to the certain welfare of his state, dignifying the commonwealth by his con- ceded ability and holding the honors of this ex- alted position until 1895. His record here is surely an enviable one. Among other measures of vital importance to the great West he intro- duced and brought to successful passage the leg- islation entitled the Carey Arid Land Law, the first existing declaration of Congress upon this important question. He also was successful in obtaining the necessary legislation under which several government buildings were constructed in Wyoming, including the magnificent struc- ture in Cheyenne, and in securing the establish- ment of four of the goverment land-offices in the state. But to recapitulate his accomplishments PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 29 in the U. S. Senate would be to write a volume ; suffice it to say, that here as elsewhere he won high laurels. He lost a reelection to the Sen- ate because of his stand in favor of the gold standard, and in this connection he said he never proposed to be compelled to apologize to his con- science In business life in Cheyenne and in the state, Senator Carey has ever been an imposing factor. He was one of the organizers of the Wyoming Development Co. in 1885, and of this corporation, organized to develop and advance the value of the land owned by the state, he was the honored president. He was also the president of the Wheatland Roller Mill Co. or- ganized in 1897, the Wheatland Industrial Co., and with many other kindred enterprises he has been primarily and usefully connected. His firm, J. M. Carey & Bro., erected the Carey block in Cheyenne in 1876, the Delaware block in 1883, the opera house block in 1896, and they purchased and rebuilt the Davis block in 1896. The}- have from 1876 almost even- year added to the city in the way of the erection of resi- dences of which the citizens are proud. As a member of the Republican party the Judge has shown unfailing fealty, being long a member of and for many active years the chairman of the Republican State Central Committee, while for twenty years he was a working member of the Republican National Committee. On September 2 7> I 877, Judge Carey married Miss Louisa David, a native of Dubuque, Iowa, and a daugh- ter of Edward C. and Eliza J. David, natives of Isew Hampshire and Missouri. The family be- came residents of Cheyenne in 1876 when the father was the surveyor general of the Wyoming territorv. Two children were born to Judge Carey and his wife. Robert Davis and Charles David. The oldest one is a graduate of Yale University, the class of 1900, and is now at Careyhurst, Wyoming, the manager of the J. M. Carey & Bros.' cattle interests at that place, while the younger son was educated at the Hill school in Pennsylvania and at Yale Uni- versity. We have here given a brief synopsis of- the more salient points of the unusually full and busv life of this most eminent citizen of Wy- oming. His character in its relation to his public and business career has been sufficiently indi- cated in the preceding narrative and in its rela- tion to his private life it has ever possessed the added grace of uniform courtesy, kindness of heart and a sympathetic nature, binding him by the strongest ties to his family and friends. In both of these relations he has stood unwaveringly an earnest and true man. ELMER E. SMILEY. One of the leading educators of the West and one whose career gives great promise of fu- ture achievement, is Elmer E. Smiley, the presi- dent of the State University of Wyoming. A man of liberal views and large humanitarian- ism, he is a profound scholar and a fine execu- tive officer, devoted to his work, having the best ideals of life both in private place and public sta- tion. His emigrant American ancestors were of Scotch-Irish descent, a stock which has contrib- uted so many distinguished men to American history. They settled first in New Hampshire in 1727. The family took an active and patriotic part in public affairs during the Colonial period of New England history and three of them were active participants in the Revolutionary War, one being a minute man, and one a soldier at the battle of Bunker Hill. During the late Civil War there were descendants of the family on both sides of the conflict, but the parents of Pres- ident Smiley were patriotic adherents to the Union cause. He is a native of New York, born in the city of Syracuse on August 6, 1862. His parents, Alpheus and Rosetta K. Smiley, were ardent admirers of Col. Elmer E. Ellsworth, the gallant young Union leader who was killed at Alexandria, Va., at the beginning of the Civil War, and named their son in honor of the dead hero. The father of President Smiley was en- gaged in the coopering business at Syracuse at a time when the barrels containing Syracuse salt were shipped to all parts of the world. As a young boy, Elmer E. Smiley was of studious habits and gave promise of a brilliant future. Pie attended the common schools but later was 3° PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. sent to the celebrated Onondaga Academy, where he pursued a thorough preparatory course of study, and was graduated as the valedictorian of the class of '79. At the same academy, founded as early as 1813, Thurlow Weed and Horatio Seymour received their early education, and many other of its sons have borne honored part in their country's history. After completing his course at the academy he engaged in pedagogic labors for a time and then matriculated at the famous Syracuse University, where he entered upon the full classical course. Although com- pelled by circumstances to suspend his studies from time to time for the purpose of teaching in order to earn funds to meet living expenses, he persevered in his ambition to acquire a thorough education and was graduated with the degree of A. B., as a member of the class of '85. From his previous experience in teaching he was en- abled to secure a good position and at once be- came the principal of the East Bloomfield Free Academy in western New York. Fie continued in that position for two years and met with con- spicuous success.- He then tendered his resigna- tion to take a post-graduate course in the Se- ' mitic languages at Yale University, under the instruction of Prof. William R. Harper, then one of the leading professors at Yale and now pres- ident of the Chicago University. At the end of a three-years' course of study he received the degree of B. D., with special honors. Having decided to enter the ministry, he remained an- other year at Yale and pursued a course in the- ology, philosophy and sociology. He soon ac- cepted a call from Vancouver, Wash., where he became the founder of the Pilgrim Congrega- tional church. He was very successful in this chosen work and acquired a high reputation as an elocmerit preacher. In 1894 he received a call from the First Congregational church of Chey- enne, Wyo., which he accepted, and then removed his residence from the city of Vancouver. For many years this church had been distinguished by the able and eloquent men who had occupied its pulpit, among others being the Rev. J. D. Davis, D. D., now of Doshisha College, Japan, and the Rev. Tosiah Strong, D. D., author of "Our Country," and the high standard of excel- lence which they had established was continued during the administration of Doctor Smilev. In 1898, he was elected ' to the presidency of the State University of Wyoming, and resigned his pastorate for the purpose of accepting that re- sponsible position. Since he has been at the head of the State University that institution has had a remarkable advance in power and influ- ence and is rapidly becoming one of the leading educational institutions of the West. His man- agement has been characterized by ability of a high order and its influence for good has been largely extended throughout the state. On June 17, 1 89 1, before coming to the West, Mr. Smiley was united in marriage with Miss Edith Con- stance House, of Lysander. X. Y., and his wife has been a great help to him in his lifework, be- ing a woman of strong character and of marked literary tastes, ability and high culture. To their union have been born two children, Hollis B. and Dean F., two bright lads who give promise of being worthy successors of their father. The home of President and Mrs. Smiley is the center of a gracious and refined hospitality, which they take pleasure in dispensing to their large circle of friends. Doctor Smiley is comparatively young and is evidently destined to have a long and distinguished career of usefulness. The honorary degree of A. M. has been conferred upon him by Yale University and the degree of Doctor of Divinity by his alma mater. He is one of the strong men of the educational world and his future career will be watched with in- terest. GEN. FRANK A. STITZER. Distinguished as a soldier in one of the greatest struggles in the annals of warfare. equally prominent as a civilian and as an official, filling worthily positions of honor and trust. Ad- jutant-General Stitzer has won a prominent place among the public men of Wyoming. He was the tenth in a family of thirteen children born to John and Sarah (Sticknor) Stitzer. natives of Pennsylvania, and dates his 'life from August PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 3i 28, 1840. He first saw the light of clay in Berks county, Pa., and for a very limited period only attended such schools as his neighhorhood af- forded, being- thrown upon his own resources at a very early age. He earned his first money by driving a team on a canal, and after fol- lowing this means of livelihood for several years, he engaged with a party to learn paperhanging, in which he soon became an efficient workman. He was thus employed when the ominous clouds of impending Civil War darkened the national horizon and threatened the destruction of the Union. When the conflict broke out and the President appealed to the loyal sons of the North for volunteers, he was one of the first in his part of the. country to respond, enlisting early in 1861. Entering the service as a private he was soon made first sergeant of his company and by suc- cessive promotions rapidly rose to the ranks of first and second lieutenant and captain, while la- ter in the same year he was commissioned major of a Pennsylvania regiment and with this rank he participated in several noted campaigns, dis- tinguishing himself in a number of bloody bat- tles, among which were South Mountain, Bull Run and Antietam. He served four years and four months without receiving an injury and retired from the army with a record for bravery and gallantry of which any soldier might well feel proud. At the close of the war Captain Stitzer resumed paperhanging and decorating, contin- uing in that line of work until 1869, when he ac- cepted a clerical position with the Lehigh Valley Railroad. After filling that place for some time he resigned and for sixteen years thereafter, he served as U. S. deputy revenue collector with headquarters at Easton, Pa. At the expiration of that period he came to Wyoming in the same ca- pacity, having received the appointment in this state through the instrumentality of the collector for Colorado, and continued to discharge the duties of the position during the ensuing seven years. In 1890 he was appointed adjutant-gen- eral of Wyoming, which office he has since held with credit to himself and to the entire satis- faction of the people of the state. In connection with his duties as adjutant-general he holds the important position of superintendent of the State Soldiers' Home at Cheyenne, Wyo., to which he was appointed on August 9, 1895. In this, as in other official relations, he has dem- onstrated a wise judgment and a far-reaching sagacity of a high order and acquired a reputa- tion second to that of none other of the state's public men. Since he was old enough to wield the elective franchise he has been an ardent supporter of the Republican party, earnest in the defense of his convictions and active in promot- ing the interests of the cause in local, state and national campaigns. He has proven himself an able and an efficient organizer and an untiring worker, and while contributing to his party's suc- cess in not a few campaigns, his course as a poli- tician has always been honorable and free from the methods to which so many professional par- tisans resort. He is identified with several fra- ternal organizations, notably the Masonic and Pythian orders, belonging to the Uniform Rank in the latter, the Grand Army of the Republic and Loyal Legion of the United States. As a gallant and intrepid officer on some of the blood- iest battlefields of the Southland he proved his loyalty to the government, in public and private life he commands unusual respect and esteem, while as a neighbor and a citizen his name has long been synonymous with integrity and honor- able conduct. General Stitzer is a self-made man, and as such easily ranks with the most en- terprising and public spirited of his compeers. It is not too much to say for him that no man in the city of his residence enjoys a greater de- gree of popularity and, as he is still in the prime of life, his friends look for him to receive still further honors, although he can well afford to rest on the laurels already earned. On January 1, 1866, at Cressona, Pa., Captain Stitzer and Miss Josephine Hause, a daughter of Peter H. and Hannah Hause of that state were united in the bonds of wedlock, the union resulting in three children, Edgar P., who holds a position in the U. S. custom-house at New York City; Frank P., engaged in the insurance business at Cheyenne; Emily D., a professional stenogra- pher of Cheyenne. 32 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. EDWARD W. STONE. Public honors as well as financial success have attended the career of the substantial busi- ness man and representative citizen whose name furnishes the caption of this biographical re- view. For a number of years prominently iden- tied with the commercial business of his own city and other towns and also having mineral interests in various sections of the state, he has been a forceful factor in the industrial develop- ment of Wyoming, besides taking an active part in political and public affairs as a leading poli- tician and as an official empowered with honor- able trusts. Edward W. Stone is a native of Ohio, a state which doubtless has furnished the West more clear-brained men of of definite pur- pose than any other section of the American commonwealth. He was born in the town of Belpre, Washington county, on February 8, 1862, being the only child of Loring and Joanna Stone, natives of Ohio and Indiana respectively. By occupation Loring Stone was a miller, in connec- tion with which trade he also carried on the mercantile business in Belpre. He was a man of considerable local prominence and the success which marked his business career shows him to have been the possessor of judgment, discretion and capacity of no mean order. At the proper age Edward W. Stone entered the public schools of his native town and in due time completed the full course, graduating from the high school with an honorable record as an industrious and consecutive student. Actuated by a desire to prosecute his studies still further, he afterwards entered Oberlin College, where he pursued the higher branches of learning for two years, thus laying a substantial foundation for the active and successful career which followed in due course of time. At the age of twenty he began working in his father's flouring mill at Belpre and after spending one year in that capacity, came west, arriving at Cheyenne, Wyo., in Jan- uary, 1884, where he soon became bookkeeper for Mr. J. S. Callins, one of the city's leading bus- ness men. Mr. Stone continued in the employ of that gentleman about five years, when he be- came associated in the grocery business with Pitt Covert, the firm thus constituted lasting tm- til Mr. Stone sold out to his partner and ef- fected a business relationship with John E. Vree- land. The well-known business house of Vree- land & Stone is still in existence, being one of the largest and most successful commercial firms of Cheyenne, with a branch store at the town of Uva, which carries on an extensive trade in that section of the state. While meeting with success in his business affairs such as few merchants at- tain, Mr. Stone has by no means devoted all of his time and attention to private interests. Mind- ful of the duties which every true citizen owes to the community in which he lives, he early began taking an active part in the public affairs of his city and county, and in recognition of valuable services rendered to his party, as well as by rea- son of his eminent qualifications for the office, he was elected in 1889 the treasurer of Lara- mie county. This was the first election under the present constitution, consequently to Mr. Stone belongs the honor of serving as the first custodian of the public funds after Wyoming was admitted to statehood. In the fall of 1898 he was elected on the Republican ticket a mem- ber of the upper house of the General Assem- blv and his senatorial experience was character- ized by a faithfulness to his constituency that won him the high regard of his district and. when he retired from that body he carried with him the good will of the people, irrespective of polit- ical affiliation. His career as county treasurer was also above reproach, for he discharged the duties of that office with a fidelity to the interests of the public, which earned him the reputation of being one of the ablest officials by whom the county was ever served. Mr. Stone has ever main- tained an enviable standing among the business men of Chevenne and by a course of conduct beyond adverse criticism has proven himself emi- nently worthy of the high esteem in which he is- held. He is a true type of the successful self- made man, having risen to his present place in business and political circles with no assist- ance beyond his own talents and well-directed energies. In the true sense of the term he has PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMLXG. 33 been "the architect of his own fortune" and, meas ured by the correct standard of success, his life affords many lessons, which, if properly studied, cannot fail to lead others into the highway whose ultimate goal is position and competency. Mr. Stone is a Thirty-second degree Mason and oc- cupies a conspicuous place among the leading members of the fraternity throughout Wyoming. He has also held distinguished positions in the Pythian order, having been grand chancellor ; be- sides in other capacities contributing to the suc- cess of the local lodge with which he is identi- fied. Mr. Stone is a married- man, having a comfortable and attractive home in Cheyenne, where he delights to meet his many friends and dispense a generous hospitality which bespeaks the large mind, warm heart and liberal hand. His wife, whom he married at Belpre, Ohio, in January, 1888, was formerly Miss Mary Harri- son, the accomplished daughter of Capt. Jack- son Harrison, for so many years a popular steam- boat man, plying the Ohio and other rivers. HENRY M. ARNOLD. Henry M. Arnold, the subject of this sketch, is one of the few pioneers of the Great West remaining to weave the thread of personal in- cident into the historical fabric of the past, and he has led a life of great activity replete with interesting experiences at times bordering upon adventure and dangers. Henry M. Arnold is a scion of an old Colonial family that came to America a number of years prior to the War of Independence and settled in one of the Atlantic States. They were Germans and when the Revolutionary War broke out several of the family joined the American army and fought bravely until independence was secured. Later others distinguished themselves in the War of 1812, and when the safety of the Union was threatened by the armed hosts of secession, Joseph H. Arnold, the subject's father, re- sponded to the call for volunteers and gave up his life while defending the flag. In an early day Mr. Arnold's grandparents moved to In- diana and later to Iowa, in which state Joseph H. Arnold was reared to manhood. He there married Martha Osburn, a native of Ohio, and made a livelihood by devoting his life to agri- cultural pursuits. He entered the army at the breaking out of the Civil War, enlisting in the First Iowa Cavalry, and, in 1864, while taking some soldiers to St. Joe from St. Louis, was captured at Centralia, Mo., by a band of guer- rillas under the notorious Bill Anderson and the whole company, being unarmed was lined up and shot, but one succeeding in making his escape. Shortly after her husband's death Mrs: Arnold went to Ohio where she lived for about twenty years, removing to York, Neb., where now is her permanent home. Henry M. Arnold was born in Lee county, Iowa, on January 30, i860, and when quite young he was taken by his mother to Ohio and remained in that state until the fall of 1875 when he returned to Iowa to live with an uncle, a physician of Council Bluffs. He was in the employ of this relative for a period of four and one-half years, meantime supplementing his early educational discipline by attending the public schools of the above city. In March, 1880, Mr. Arnold left Iowa and came to Wyoming, passing some- time thereafter prospecting in the vicinity of the Raw Hide Buttes and riding the range in that and other localities. In July of the fol- lowing year he drove cattle to Montana and after his return, resumed prospecting until the spring of 1884, when he engaged in gardening on the Raw Hide, spending one summer at that vocation. Subsequently in company with Charles Young, afterwards his partner, for thir- teen years Mr. Arnold traveled over the greater part of Wyoming and Montana in the cattle business, and in 1886 became a cook on a large ranch, leaving Mr. Young to look after their stock interests. Lie passed the seven ensuing years in Montana, cooking and doing ranch work and in the fall of 1895 went to Nebraska where his partner had gotten together quite a number of cattle, spending the succeeding winter in that state. The following spring this partnership was dissolved, after which Mr. Arnold brought his share of the cattle to 34 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. Wyoming and put them on land on die Platte Valley which he had previously leased. He ran stock there until 1898 when he purchased a ranch one mile east of Tobington, where he has since remained, meanwhile improving his land and building up a very prosperous stock business. When Mr. Arnold took possession of his place a considerable part of the land was comparatively bare and of little value for grazing purposes, but by a successful system of irrigation it has been rendered very fertile and productive, and by reason of this and other improvements the ranch is now one of the model properties of the kind in his part of the country. It embraces an area of 480 acres much of which is devoted to the raising of hay, which Mr. Arnold has found quite a profitable industry. He also keeps a fine lot of high grade cattle, and everything to which he addresses himself appears to prosper. As stated in the initial paragraph Mr. Arnold is one of the few old range men left in this part of the state, and by reason of long residence and extensive travel he is widely and popularly known throughout Wyoming and the greater part of Montana. He is a fine example of the wide-awake, enter- prising Westerner and has done much for the material improvement of Laramie county and the promotion of the cattle industry in this and other sections. Mr. Arnold is a single man and appears to enjoy his independent life of bachelorhood. He enjoys the confidence of his friends and neighbors and all with whom he has relations speak in high terms of his in- tegrity and honorable business methods. JOHN H. ABBOT. One of the leading commercial men and mer- chants of Carbon county, a resident of Hanna, Wyoming, John H. Abbot was born in Massa- chusetts, having been born in 1855, the son of Ezra and Caroline (Lincoln) Abbot, both na- tives of that state. His father, a native of Es- sex county, Mass., was born in 1807, and was graduated from the medical school of Harvard University, and practiced his profession at the town of Canton, Mass., attaining a high repu- tation and standing, until his death in 1871. He was the son of Ezra Abbot and his mother's maiden name was Hannah Poor, a member of the well-known family of Massachusetts. The Abbot family resided on land originally granted to a great-great grandfather of the subject of this review by George III, and he took an active part in the colonial life of the old commonwealth. The mother of John H. Abbot was born in 1837 and passed away from earth in 1879. being the mother of four children, of whom he was the second. She was the daughter of Abraham and Martha (Howard) Lincoln, the former a native of Massachusetts, and the latter of Maine. Her father early made his home in Bath. Maine, and one of his sons, Frederick Lincoln, was at one time mayor of Boston. John H. Abbot grew to manhood in Massachusetts and received his early education in the public schools, after which he pursued a course of study in pharmacy and was graduated in 1876, then removing to Omaha, Neb., where he obtained a position in a drug store and remained in this employment for about three years, thence removing to Osceola, where he engaged in the drug business for about two years. He then sold out the drug store for the purpose of engaging in merchandising in the western portion of the state. He continued in that business for about fourteen years, then dis- posed of his interests and property in Nebraska, and removed to Wyoming, where he established himself at Hanna, Carbon county, where he was first a clerk in the Union Pacific Railway Com- pany's general store, and was soon appointed as manager of the local business, in which capacity he has continued since that time. He has been successful, and is ranked as one of the leading merchants of this section of this state. In 1885 Mr. Abbot was united in marriage with Miss Tessie Gunncll, a native of Illinois, and the daughter of O. and Harriet (Mitchell) Gunnell, well-known and highly respected citizens of Il- linois, who subsequently removed to Nebraska, where the father was for many years one of the representative business men of his section, but is now retired from active business, and residing PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 35 at Osceola, Neb. To Mr and Mrs. Abbot have been born four children, Amy G., Harriet M., George and John, all now living except John, who died in 1894. Mr. Abbot is a stanch mem- ber of the Republican party, one of the trusted of the leaders of that political organization in Carbon county. Popular, progressive, and highly esteemed by all classes of his fellow citizens, he might, if he so desired, be the recipient of public honors in the state. He is one of the most valued citizens of the community in which he maintains his home. HENRY C. ALLEN. Intimately associated with the professional life of the thriving city of Rock Springs, and taking a prominent part in the public affairs of the county, Henry C. Allen has not been tinder- estimated by a people who have learned to ap- preciate his true value as a forceful factor in the body politic. His father, Hon. Henry N. Allen, was born in Rochester, N. Y., in 1847, reading law he was early admitted "to the bar and within a comparatively short time became one of tthe most brilliant and successful men of the pro- fession in Western New York. He was elected from time to time to various high official po- sitions, notably among them being judge of the municipal court of Rochester, and he adorned every station he was called to fill. For several years he was a political leader, and was a shrewd campaigner and an - eloquent speaker, and be- fore juries and upon the hustings he had few equals. Had it not been for his premature death hastened by exposure while delivering an oration in the campaign of 1881 he doubtless would have achieved national distinction as a lawyer, orator and publicist. Hon. Henry N. Allen was the son of Dr. Newell Allen,. a native of New Hampshire and for many years a lead- ing physician and surgeon of Rochester, N. Y. Gertrude (Hall) Allen, wife of Doctor Allen, was born in the state of New York, and is re- membered as a woman of strong mentality and varied and cultured attainments. She made a special study of scientific subjects 'and became noted as a chemist, and in this way was a val- uable assistant to her husband in his professional work, her knowledge of materia medica having been extensive and profound. She was vig- orous physically, as well as mentally, a splendid specimen of symmetrically developed woman- hood and lived to the age of seventy-eight years. The maiden name of the mother of H. C. Allen was Fannie Van Alslyne. She was born in Albany, N. Y., in 185 1, the daughter of N. J. and Sarah (Pease) Van Alslyne, both parents being natives of the Empire State and of Dutch descent. Mrs. Allen is still living, a cultured and refined lady, and has long been active in re- ligious and charitable work, being a devoted member of the Congregational church. Henry C. Allen was born in Rochester, N. Y., on Jan- uary 24, 1873. After acquiring a knowledge of the elementary branches in the excellent schools of Rochester, he prosecuted the higher courses of study in the University of Pennsylvania, and in 1892 was graduated with honors from the law department of that institution, soon there- after going to Colorado, where he opened a law- office at Montrose, and during the ensuing eight - years built up a lucrative practice and took high rank as an attorney. Meanwhile he took an active interest in public and political affairs and served as chairman and secretary of the Repub- lican Central Committee, and also held the office of city attorney for three terms, and served one term as deputy district attorney. In the .spring of 1 90 1 Mr. Allen located at Rock Springs, Wyoming, where he has since been actively en- gaged in legal practice, his abilities winning him a conspicuous place among the leading lawyers of the Sweetwater county bar. At this time he is attorney for the Sheepmens' Association and for various other corporations, and is the sec- retary of the Business Men's League. As a lawyer he is successful and has a practice wide in scope and remunerative. He is well-grounded in the underlying principles of jurisprudence, a safe and reliable counselor, prepares his cases with the greatest care and spares neither time nor pains in looking- after interests intrusted to him. He is a gentleman of pleasing address, 3& PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. fine social qualities and undoubted integrity. Studious and attentive in matters of business, he is not unmindful of his duties to the community as a citizen, consequently his name appears in connection with nearly every enterprise having for its object the material, intellectual and moral welfare of the city of his residence. Fraternally he belongs to the Elks Lodge at Rock Springs and politically supports the Republican party. Mr. Allen and Miss Helen Cobb, of Philadelphia, were united in the bonds of wedlock in 1896. Mrs. Allen is the daughter of Mark Cobb, for many years editor of the Philadelphia North American and a noted figure in Pennsylvania journalism. ' He served as chief clerk of the United States Senate during the latter years of the Civil War and was also private secretary .of Hon. Simon Cameron when that distinguished statesman was at the head of the war depart- ment in President Lincoln's cabinet. W. H. ASHBY. The buoyant life and daring energy which so unmistakably is shown in the development of the Great West springs in large measure from the coming hither of the bravest people of all nationalities, who bring the best elements of their respective countries and localities, form- ing a composite civilization of the highest value. This is notably shown in the young, pro- gressive state of Wyoming, and in this volume, especially dedicated to the "Progressive Men of Wyoming," such men demand consideration. Among this number in the county of Converse we must particularly give attention to W. H. Ashby, who, a native of England, has cast in his lot and given his mental strength and physi- cal abilities to the task of aiding in the re- deeming of the state from its primitive condi- tion of unproductiveness by replacing the wild beasts with domestic animals and thus ex- ploiting the numberless resources of the state in the interests of civilization. Mr. Ashby comes of an oldtime sterling family of England, his birthplace being in Northampton, where he was born on June 15th, 1848, a son of George and Mary A. (Starmer) Ashby, his maternal grandfather William Ashby, being a shoemaker, while on the paternal side his grandfather was a farmer, as was also his father, who continued in that honorable vocation all the days of his life. The eldest of the seven children of the family, Mr. Ashby early had great conceptions of the advantages presented in the wonderful land of America, and at the early age of four- teen crossed the mighty ocean and made his residence in the scenic city of Ottawa, Canada, soon however crossing the international line, he passed two years in New York occupied with freighting, at the termination of this em- ployment migrating to Iowa, being there in- dustriously engaged for two years, thence re- moving in 1868 to Wyoming, then in the first period of pioneer occupancy. Cheyenne was but a small town of tents, but here Mr. Ashby found congenial friends, and employment for a time on the Union Pacific Railroad and later in the dangerous life of a freighter. The In- dians were then roaming in numbers over the vast plains and frequently made hostile demon- strations on the freighting outfits they con- sidered they could easily overpower, and in this connection Mr. Ashby had manifold adventures. In 1872 he engaged in range riding, continu- ing this life of intrepidity and excitement until 1890, thence going to Grant, Oregon, and en- gaging in distilling for three years, when a mighty flood swept away, not only the distil- lery, but the entire town. Returning to Wyo- ming, for eighteen months he was in charge of the Van Tassell cattle outfit, thereafter com- ing to the La Prele valley and purchasing the interests of George La Vassar on the upper La Prele, where he is building a most attract- ive hc/me and conducting a fine stock business, having 320 acres of well located land, a por- tion being under effective irrigation, and rais- ing large crops of alfalfa, etc. His residence, barns and other accessories to good husbandry are creditable additions to the estate, and the whole form a most desirable home. For a num- ber of years Mr. Ashby was the efficient fore- man of the Bridle Bit outfit of the Union Cattle PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 37 Co., running 35,000 head on the Platte River. Miss Mona Furnall and Mr. Ashby were mar- ried on January 1, 1890. She is a native of Ohio, where her father has long been con- nected with coal mining. FRANK A. BAILEY. A varied career has been that of Frank A. Bailey, now residing at Laramie, in the state of Wyoming. A native of Orange county, N. Y., he was born in 1847, tne son of Harrison and Mary (Randall) Bailey, both natives of that state. His father responded to the call of his country for defenders during the trying times of the Civil War, in 1861 enlisting in Co. C, One Hundred and Tenth New York Regiment. In the sanguinary battle of Gettysburg he was killed and was buried at Florida, N. Y., being a son of Silas and Sarah (Harrison) Bailey, both natives of New Jersey. Silas Bailey followed the occupation of blacksmithing during his life time, and died in 1866 at the age of eighty- two years, also being buried at Florida, N. Y. Sarah (Harrison) Bailey, the paternal grand- mother of Frank A. Bailey, was the daughter of George A. Nater, a native of Germany and a respected citizen of the state of New York. The mother of Mr. Bailey was the daughter of John and Sarah Randall, oldtime residents of New York state. In early life Mr. Bailey was practically without any s'chool privileges what- ever and being compelled to commence to earn his own livelihood at the early age of ten years he became a driver on the Erie Canal for two seasons. He then went into a machine shop at Pittsburg, Pa., as an apprentice to learn the trade of machinist. He remained in this em- ployment for about six years and then in 1873 enlisted as a private in Co. B, Eighth United States Infantry, and in the following year he was stationed with his regiment at Cheyenne, Wyo., and subsequently he was transferred to Fort Saunders and still later to Fort Lara- mie, where he remained for about eight months and was then ordered to California, where he was mustered out of the service at Angel's Island. He then secured employment on a cattle ranch in California, for the purpose of acquiring a practical knowledge of the cattle business, with a view to entering upon that pur- suit. He remained in California for about four years, then came to Oregon and later to Idaho and Montana. In 1888 he purchased a ranch on the Powder River in Johnson county, Wyo., and there engaged in ranching and cat- tle raising, four years later disposing of his ranch and cattle interests to good advantage, when he accepted a responsible position on the Union Pacific Railroad. He has remained in this employment up to the present time (1902). Mr. Bailey has never been married. He is a highly esteemed citizen of the community where he maintains his home. HENRY D. ASHLEY. Among the leading business men of the city of Encampment, Wyoming, Henry D. Ashley is one whose enterprise and public spirit have done much to build up that young city. He was born at Acushnet, Bristol county, Mass., on May 3, 1862, the son of Calvin and Rebecca (Davis) Ashley, both natives of that state. His father was born at Lakeville, Mass., and early established his home at Acushnet, where he engaged in farming and was also interested to quite an extent in the whale fisheries, his home being adjacent to New Bedford, formerly the great center of that industry in America, and he remained there until his death in 1868. He left a family of six sons and four daughters and after the death of his father, Henry D. Ashley removed with the other members of the family to Taunton in the same state, where he grew to manhood, received his early educa- tion in the public schools and learned the trade of wood-turning, at which he was employed in Taunton until 1890 when he removed to Iowa, where he located at Sioux City, and continued to work at his former occupation for about four years. At the end of that time he removed to Des Moines and engaged in the bakery busi- ness for two years, when he sold out and came 38 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. west to Colorado Springs, Colo. He made his home at this place for about one year and in January, 1898, came to Encampment, Wyo., where he has since made his home, being one of the pioneers of the place, then in its infancy. From his first arrival here he has been uni- formly successful in business. He first engaged in conducting a lodging house and continued successfully in that pursuit up to the spring of 1902. In 1901 he engaged in the real estate and insurance business, associating himself in busi- ness with Mr. Leo Davis under the firm name of Davis & Ashley, the former attending to the mining brokerage department and the latter giving special attention to insurance and real estate. On May 3, 1884, Mr. Ashley was united in marriage at Taunton, Mass., with Miss Min- nie F. Moxon, a native of Massachusetts, and the daughter of Frederick and Emma A. Moxon, well-known and respected citizens of Taunton. Her father was a native of England who came to America in 1850, and established his home in the city of Taunton. Mr. and Mrs. Ashley are the parents of two children, namely: Jennie M. and Carleton H., both of whom are still living, and their home is one of the most hospitable in the city of Encampment. Mr. Ashley is largely interested in the Vulcan Cop- per Mining Co., of which he is vice-president. This company has valuable mining claims situ- ated within a few hundred feet of the celebrated Ferris-Haggarty copper property, and gives promise of being equally valuable. He is also the secretary of the Grant Copper Mining Co., located at' Pearl, Colo. He is the representa- tive of several of the leading insurance com- panies, among others the Liverpool, London & Globe, the Providence Washington Insurance Co., the Phoenix Insurance Co., of Hartford, Conn., the Niagara Insurance Co., of New York, and the Fire Association of Philadelphia. Although engaged in business but a short time he has won the confidence of the business com- munity by his energy, industry and attention to all the details of his business, and he has been steadily adding to it from month to month. He is one of the leading business men of the locality and has done much to build up the new city of Encampment. He was a member of its first city government and was reelected in 1902. He is also a member of the school board and prominent in all matters that affect the public welfare or promote " the general good of the community. THOMAS BELL. The subject of this sketch is a native of the Dominion of Canada, having been born at Port Neuf, on November 20, 1863. He is the son of Peter and Elizabeth (Webb) Bell, the former a native of Scotland, and the latter of Liverpool, England. His father came to Canada from his native country when a young man, and remained there until the year 1867, when he removed to Colfax county, Neb.. where he engaged in farming and stock rais- ing operations up to the time of his decease, in 1877. He was a man of education and one of his brothers is at the head of one of the leading" educational institutions of Edinburg, Scotland. The mother is still living at Nor- folk, Neb., at the advanced age of seventy-nine years. She was the mother of fifteen children, of whom Thomas was the eleventh. His boy- hood days were passed in Colfax county, Neb., and there he received his education until 1878, when he left Nebraska, came to Wyoming and located at Cheyenne, and se- cured employment as a range-rider. He fol- lowed this occupation for many years, and ac- quired a thoroughly practical knowledge of the stock business. A considerable portion of this time he was in the employ of the Swan Cattle Co., one of the largest concerns in Wyoming. He began business for himself in 1894 and pur- chased the Node ranch situated about twelve miles east of Lusk. He shortly afterward also purchased the Handson property and is now the owner of about 3.000 acres of land, well stocked and improved, and is conducting a suc- cessful and profitable business. His cattle are principally Herefords crossed with Shorthorns, and he has a fine herd of 4.000 head, which PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 39 is being added to from year to year. On De- cember 7, 1892, Mr. Bell married with Miss Cora L. Root, a native of Vermont and the daughter of B. A. Root, a well-known and highly respected gentleman, now residing at Lusk. To their union have been born five chil- dren, Lionel Everard, Thomas Lloyd, Floyd Cecil, Maxwell Keith and Cora Irene. Their home is one of the most hospitable in the state. Fraternally, Mr. Bell is affiliated with the Ma- sonic order, having attained the Thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite, and he is also a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fel- lows. He takes an active interest in the fra- ternal and social life of the community where he maintains his home, and is looked upon as one of the solid business men and substantial property owners of Converse county, being held in high esteem by his fellow citizens and worthy of their confidence. WILLIAM ATCHISON. One of the best ranches in Laramie county, Wyoming, is that belonging to William Atchi- son and situated on the Laramie River eleven miles west of the Fort, where he has been liv- ing since 1898. He was born in Williamstown, Indiana, on February 21, 1850, a son of Walter and Margaret (Craigmyle) Atchison, natives of Kentucky. The Atchison family is an ancient English one, representatives of which came to America in early Colonial days, the descendants later making their home in Ohio, whence they scattered to various parts of the country — Atchison, Kansas, receiving its name from David Atchison, a 'relative of William. The Craigmyle family is of Irish extraction, and the immediate maternal ancestors of William Atchi- son were also early settlers in America. Walter Atchison, father of William, was a merchant in Zionsville, Boone county, Ind., where he was quite prominent and lived until 1868, when he went to Minnesota and shortly afterwards to Iowa, where he settled on a farm six miles from Des Moines, where he followed agricultural pur- suits until his lamented death in August, 1881, his remains being interred in Polk county. His widow still resides in Des Moines and makes her home with a daughter. William Atchison received his education in Indiana and at the ■age of seventeen years went to Minneapolis, Minn., and there worked at the carpenter's trade for two years, becoming an expert in this handicraft. In the fall of 1868 he went with his father to Iowa and assisted him on the farm until the latter's death in 1881. In De- cember, 1881, he came west with his wife and took up his residence in Colorado to recuperate his health, which had become impaired. Here he purchased a ranch about five miles from Fort Collins and embarked in the cattle busi- ness in combination with farming, in which he continued until March, 1887, when he sold out and came to Wyoming, and here was employed on the T V ranch with the people on Chug- water until 1898, in the fall of which year he purchased his present ranch, where he has since been most successfully engaged in cattle rais- ing. This ranch is one of the best managed in the county and his dwelling of the most modern construction. William Atchison was united in marriage at Des Moines, Iowa, on September 15, 1875, with Miss Esther E. Kitchel, a na- tive of Indiana, and the accomplished daughter of John and Esther (Peck) Kitchel, natives of New Jersey and New York. Mr. Kitchel, a farmer in Indiana, removed to Iowa, becoming a pioneer of Warren county, and was there en- gaged in farming until his death on March 3, i860, his remains being interred in Warren county. His widow, now eighty-eight years of age, lives with a daughter in Page county, Iowa. The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Atchi- son has been blessed with three children, Nellie L., now Mrs. Roach; Clara M., now Mrs. Clou- ser, and Walter K. The family worship at the Methodist church and are classed with the best people of Laramie county and of the state, be- ing foremost in moral and religious work. As a citizen, Mr. Atchison is recognized as a Re- publican and a most useful citizen, inasmuch as he is ever among the foremost to contribute toward public improvements and to advocate / 40 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. their introduction when their necessity becomes apparent. Recognition of the ability of Mrs. Atchison to successfully administer public af- fairs has been made by the United States gov- ernment in her appointment as postmaster of Grey Rocks postoffice, the duties of this office being discharged with great acceptability and the satisfaction of the postoffice department and the patrons of the office, with whom she is distinctively popular. BERT BERGERSON. The young state of Wyoming owes much to her citizens of foreign birth, those men of rugged type who have brought to their new homes in the West those admirable traits of industry, economy and thrift which they learned in the homes of their childhood beyond the sea. Prominent among this class in his section of the state is Bert Bergerson, who is a native of Nor- way, having been born on October 14, 1855, the son of Berger and Carrie (Thoreson) Berger- son, both natives of that country. His father followed the occupation of farming until his death in 1887, and now lies buried amid the scenes of his active life. The mother resides at the old home in Norway. Bert Bergerson grew to man's estate and received his early education in the schools of his native county, afterwards following the occupation of farm- ing with his father, until he was twenty-six years old, then the limited business opportuni- ties of his home and the reports which had come to him of the splendid possibilities in the new world across the Atlantic Ocean influ- enced him to seek his fortune in America. Therefore, in June, 1882, with such small sav- ings as he had put aside from his years of toil, he took ship and sailed away to the land of promise in the West. Arriving in America in due course of time, he proceeded first to Fayette county, Iowa, where he had acquaintances and secured employment as a farm hand, and re- mained in that vicinity engaged in that pur- suit, until the spring of 1886, when he went to Cheyenne county, Neb., and took up a home- stead claim, and entered upon the business of farming for a year when he came to Cheyenne, Wyo., where he remained for about one year and then secured employment at the ranch owned by Andrew Gilchrist, on South Crow creek, where he continued for a number of years, returning, however, each spring and fall to his homestead entry in Nebraska until he had fully complied with the requirements of the laws of the United States and had acquired a government title to the land. In the spring of 1895 he made an extended trip through Montana, Oregon and Washington, to find a desirable location to engage in ranching and stockraising, but he was unable to find any that equalled Wyoming. He therefore returned and in the fall of 1895 secured a lease on his present ranch situated on Middle Crow creek, about twenty miles west of Cheyenne. Here he has since remained engaged successfully in the business of raising cattle and doing general ranching. He is still the owner of his home- stead in the state of Nebraska and his wife is also the owner of a ranch on the table lands near Pine Bluffs, Wyo. On June 13, 1900, Mr. Bergerson was united in matrimony at Salem, Wyo., with Miss Nathalia Anderson, a native of Sweden and the daughter of Lars and Katie Anderson, both natives of Sweden. This esti- mable married pair are members of the Lutheran church, and take an earnest and sincere inter- est in all works of religion and charity in the community where they maintain their home. They are the best type of citizens, honest, in- dustrious, law-abiding and devoted to the in- stitutions of their adopted country. Politically, Mr. Bergerson is identified with the Republican party, and as every good citizen should, takes an active and patriotic interest in all matters calculated to affect the public welfare. HON. JOSEPH A. BLACK. A resident of Wyoming for nearly a quarter of a century and occupying during much of that time a position of commanding influence in the civil and political councils of the territory and PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 4i state, Hon. Joseph A. Black, of the Big Piney section of the country, has been a potential force in the settlement and development of his portion of the state, and has exhibited in his work here the self-reliance, strength of mind, courage and general resourcefulness he ac- quired in a varied and eventful experience else- where. On August 23, 1853, in the state of Indiana his life began as the son of B. F. and Louisa (Matthews) Black, the former a native of Kentucky and the latter of Indiana, both being children of ministers in the Christian church and prominent men. The father was also a minister of that faith and a veteran of the Civil War, in which he served as master of transportation in his command. They were the parents of eight children, five boys and three girls, of whom six are yet living. Joseph A. Black was educated in the public schools of Indiana and at a reputable private school in Iowa, whither his parents had removed before he was of age. In 1873 he sought the free and adventurous life of the plains in Texas where he rode the cattle ranges and followed trail work, continuing this in. every state and ter- ritory west of Missouri until 1890, a part of the time serving as foreman in charge of extensive interests. In 1881 he came to Wyoming and within her promising and rapidly improving bounds he has since resided, carrying on a pros- perous and extensive stock industry on a tract of 320 acres of land which he owns and has well improved, and on which he has fine herds of graded Hereford cattle and on which he has resided continuously since 1890. Mr. Black is a Freemason, belonging to Evanston (Wyo.) Lodge, No. 4, and he manifests great interest in its progress, although so situated that he is unable to be a frequent lodge attendant. He was elected a member of the Wyoming legis- lature in 1900 and was re-elected in 1902. His course in the body was highly commended and his services to his constituents were of great and appreciated value. Although a Republi- can in politics, he is free from extreme partisan- ship and sees the interests of his county with breadth of view and in an enterprising spirit. He was married on January 1, 1887, with Miss Mary Jaycox, a native of Illinois, at the time of the marriage living in Wyoming. They have five children, Ida, Orline, Edna, Joseph A. and Mary. Mr. Black is one of the leading citizens of the state and takes an active and in- telligent interest in all her affairs. He has been a resident of Wyoming since 1880 and has made substantial contributions to her development and improvement. ALEXANDER BOGGS. A successful ranch and stockman of Albany county, Wyoming, is- the subject of this sketch, Alexander Boggs, whose residence is at Pol- lock, in that county. A native of Indiana, he was born in 1848, a son of Matthew L. and Amanda (Stackhouse) Boggs, both natives of Pennsylvania, where the father was born on March 4, 181 3, and followed railroading in his native state as a conductor on the first railroad built in the state. He later established his home in Shelby county, Indiana, where he engaged in farming, in 1857, disposing of his farm he removed to Illinois and continued agricultural pursuits in Coles county until 1878, when he removed to Kansas, where he was occupied in the same pursuit up to the time of his wife's death, then he sold his farm and now makes his home with his children. He was the son of Alexander and Magdaline (Shafer) Boggs, both natives of Pennsylvania. Alexander Boggs, the grandfather, passed all his life in Pennsylvania, living to the age of 89 years, his wife Magdaline living to the remarkable age of 106 years. The mother of the subject of this writing was born in 1827, was married in 1844, and died in Kansas in 1886, being the mother of eleven children, four boys and seven girls. Alexander Boggs of this review attained man's estate in Illinois and there received his early education in the public schools. At the age of eighteen years, he was compelled by poor health to leave school and engage in business for himself, first following the occupation of farming in Illinois, later removing to Minnesota 42 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. and still later to Kansas, continuing in farm- ing and stockgrowing operations until 1880, making his residence in the county of Rooks. In the spring of 1880, he came to the territory of Wyoming and settled on a ranch in the vicinity of Laramie and devoted his full energy to the business of raising cattle. In this pursuit he has met with success, increasing his holdings both of land and stock from year to year since that time, and he is now the owner of a fine ranch, well fenced and with good improvements, suitable buildings and surroundings for a suc- cessful ranching and cattleraising business. In 1890 he was united in holy matrimony with Miss Delia Eychaner a native of New York and the daughter of Milton and Magdeline (Haram) Eychaner, of the same state. The father of Mrs. Boggs is still living, engaged in farming in Iowa, but the mother passed away in 1879 at the age of forty-six years. She was the mother of nine children and was the daugh- ter of John and Mary (Sawyer) Hamm, both natives of Germany. To Mr. and Mrs. Boggs four children have been born, namely, Fay, Pearl, Ethel and Roy, all of whom are living. Politically Mr. Boggs is identified with the Re- publican party and takes an active and patriotic interest in public affairs. He has never sought or desired political position, preferring to give his time and attention to the management of his business interests. Pie is one of the most respected citizens of the community where he resides. H. L. BRENNING. In every flourishing community there are certain men, who, by their enterprise, straight- forward business methods and public-spirit, maintain the prosperity and progressiveness of the place, and, when to these qualifications we can add the mechanical and technical skill of an architect and builder, we can see how forms of beauty in wood and brick will arise to beautify the town and by its improved appear- ance attract a desirable element to become its citizens. These reflections arise when consider- ing the eminently useful life and labors of Henry L. Brenning, the popular architect and builder of Douglas, the monuments of whose architectural skill are everywhere patent to the observer. Mr. Brenning was born in the old town of Norwood, Mass., on March 25, 1851, the son of Thomas and Catherine (Hitchins) Bren- ning, natives of Norwood and New Hampshire. His paternal grandfather came from Quebec to Massachusetts, becoming a lifelong resident of the state, his son Thomas following farming in Norfolk county and raising a family of eight sons and three daughters. Henry L. Brenning was the youngest child of this family, and after receiving an excellent education he thoroughly learned the trades of carpenter and bridge builder in the extensive car shops at Norwood, there applying himself to labor in these lines and the acquisition of technical instruction in this connection until 1879, when he was carried to Leadville, Colo., on the wave of excitement over the rich mineral discoveries in that camp, there engaging in profitable employment as a bridge builder on the line of the Denver & Rio Grande Railway, in 1880 making his home in Denver. Not long thereafter he came to Boulder, Wyo., where he passed two years, thence removing to Cheyenne, and engaging in contracting and carpenter work in the construc- tion of dwellings, etc., continuing in that city until 1886 when he was attracted by the pros- pective advantages of the new town of Douglas and removed thither as one of its very earliest settlers, his wife being the first woman resident of the town. From that time to the present Mr. Brenning has been one of the busiest men of the place, having been the builder of every structure constructed of brick erected in the city, the first one of importance being the at- tractive building containing the First National Bank, since which construction his services and skill have been in constant requisition, erect- ing many business houses and numerous resi- dences costing from $10,000 upwards. He has just completed the fine high school building of three stories. 35x104 feet in size, which was commenced in 1887. and is now giving atten- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 43 tion to the erection of the elegant Unity Tem- ple, which is 75x120 feet in size and of two stories, constructed of pressed brick. These and other notable specimens of his handiwork will long stand as monuments to his artistic taste, his work being of solid and enduring character and his industry and painstaking strongly mani- fest. Mr. Brenning belongs to both the Ma- sonic and Odd Fellows fraternal societies and he is connected with Wyoming's leading indus- try as one of the three associates in the Table Mountain Sheep Co. He was married on De- cember 1, 1875, at Fremont Temple, Boston, Mass., to Miss Annie E. Davis, a native of Quincy, Mass., and a daughter of Benjamin Long Davis, a descendant of early and honor- able families of the Plymouth and Massachusetts colonies. Their family consists of an adopted son, Roy F. Among the people of the section none stand in higher repute or have more numerous friends than Mr. and Mrs-. Brenning. HARMON BRITTAIN. A frontier farmer and stockgrower, a valiant Nimrod in these western wilds when they were not as yet much broken to civiliza- tion and game was plentiful, with an excellent record to his credit in each capacity, and a secure and enviable place in the regard of his fellowmen, Harmon Brittain of near Dayton in Sheridan county, Wyoming, can look upon his life in both prospect and retrospect with a large measure of satisfaction, having always met its responsibilities with a manly and cour- ageous spirit and having at hand and before him enough of worldly wealth and cor sideration to give safety and sunshine to his declining years. He was born in Indiana on March 7, 1839, hi s parents, William and Rachel (McReynolds) Brittain, natives of Kentucky, having settled in that state in early times. There when he was six years old his mother died, and ten years later, in. 1849, his father moved to Iowa and in 1855 removed his family to Grundy county, Mo. After a residence of some years in that county he settled in Bates county in the same state and there in 1889 in the fulness of years he died and was laid to rest. Harmon Brittain grew to manhood and was educated in Missouri, and for more than a quarter of a century was there engaged in farming. In 1886 he removed to Wyoming and, locating on Pass Creek in Sheridan county, prosecuted a vigorous and profitable stock industry, handling and raising horses, until 1895 when he removed his base of operations to Johnson county, thirty miles south of Buffalo, where he carried on the same enterprise. In June, 1902, he came to Dayton and purchased a ranch adjacent to the town of 160 acres of superior land, highly improved and in an excellent state of cultivation, where he has a fine herd of Shorthorn cattle and also nearly 200 horses of good breeds. A special feature of his ranch and the industries thereon conducted is an apiary of unusual proportions, value and productiveness. It is one of the best in this section of the country and has attracted the attention of men interested in bee culture in many places. On his land he raises large crops of alfalfa and other farm products, and his beau- tiful residence is one of the ornaments of the neighborhood. Mr. Brittain was first married in Grundy county, Mo., in i860, with Miss Julia E. Leonard, a Kentuckian,' who died on December 27, 1900, leaving two children, Wil- liam F., the postmaster at Sheridan, and Sarah C, now wife of Arthur Cossit of Pass Creek. On January 1, 1902, he was again married, on this occasion to Mrs. Nettie Shadduck, a na- tive of Pennsylvania, the- marriage being solem- nized at Buffalo. In his career as a hunter Mr. Brittain has killed twenty-two bears and 300 deer and elk. ' He still pursues the sport with all the ardor if not all the vigor of his early days and brings home many trophies of his skill and prowess. DAVID BROOKMAN. This well-known gentleman is one of Wyo- ming's honored pioneers, having been actively identified with the industrial history of the Great West from 1867. He is an American by 44 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. adoption, being a native of England where his birth occurred in 1827. His father John Brookman, was a blacksmith for the greater part of his life residing in the city of Newport, England, where he enjoyed the reputation of an able and skillful mechanic. The mother died when David was two years old after which he lived with a sister, Mrs. Griffins, for some years, later making his home with an aunt, also a Mrs. Griffins. When still young he began to learn blacksmithing, in which he soon acquired more than ordinary efficiency and skill, work- ing at his trade in various places and carefully husbanding his earnings with the thought of emigrating to the United States, of which coun- try he had read much and heard many favorable reports, and in 1849 ne to °k passage on a vessel bound for the New World and in due time reached his destination, where he entered upon a new career under conditions radically different from those of England. Being master of an honorable and useful calling, from the time of his arrival until 1861 he worked at his trade in Pennsylvania. When thand a very necessary contributor to its support. He secured employment as messenger for the firm of Russell, Majors & Waddell, at that time the most extensive freighters in the United States. His duties obliged him to visit every fort and military post west of the Missouri, and his fidel- ity, capacity, courage and modesty soon made him a favorite with the plainsmen and soldiers, while his experience educated him rapidly in knowledge of human nature, independence of thought and action, self-reliance and readiness for emergencies. It was during this time, too, that he had his first experience in fighting Indi- ans, shooting one dead when he was only eleven years old. In November, 1863, he was summoned home by the serious illness of his mother, who died not long after his arrival. For a number of years she had kept a wayside inn in Salt Creek Valley and had made its name, "The Valley Grove House," a synonym for all that involves comfort and abundance in entertainment, high character and strict propriety in a public house. By this time the Civil War had begun and young Cody enlisted in the Seventh Kansas Cavalry and acted as scout for that regiment until the close of the war. Upon his discharge from the army he became one of the famous pony-ex- press riders, being the youngest boy who ever crossed the plains in that capacity. In 1866 he married at St. Louis, Mo., with Miss Louisa Fredricie, a bright, beautiful and accomplished young lady of that city, and their union has been blessed with four children, two of whom died in infancy. After his marriage he severed his con- nection with the pony express line and engaged in business near Leavenworth. But his mind was too large, his nature was too resourceful and his habits of restless activity were too well fixed for this quiet life, so he soon disposed of his in- terests and again started west. Locating at Fort Hayes, Kansas, he entered the employ of the Kan- sas Pacific Railroad, then in course of construc- tion, and some little time later took a contract to furnish meat for the railroad builders. While filling this contract he acquired the title of "Buf- falo Bill" from the great number of buffaloes he slew, 4,280 in eighteen months. He had become a dead shot with the rifle and never missed his mark. After the completion of the railroad he enlisted in the Ninth U. S. Cavalry, and was as- signed to duty as a scout and guide, with head- quarters at Fort McPherson, Neb. In this ser- vice he took part in many battles with the In- dians and had numerous hair-breadth escapes. Before its conclusion he was made chief of scouts for the Department of the Missouri and the Platte, a well-earned and universally approved promotion for merit. While stationed at the fort he was also elected to the Nebraska legislature from that district. During his brilliant military career he served under nearly all of the great 8 4 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. generals of the time and met many noted charac- ters of his own and other lands. He acted as guide for the Grand-Duke Alexis of Russia in his celebrated hunting expedition, piloting the party through the whole of the trip and bringing it back unharmed and loaded with game. For this service he was richly rewarded and received from the Grand-Duke, as a personal souvenir of the expedition, a scarfpin studded with precious stones. In 1870 Colonel Cody obtained leave of • absence from the government, organized his first theatrical venture, and for a few years thereafter played in the principal cities of the United States with phenomenal success. In 1876 the Sioux war commenced and, disbanding his show, he joined the Fifth U. S. Cavalry and took an active and leading part in that sanguinary contest. In a furious hand-to-hancl fight in the battle of Indian Creek, he killed Yellow Hand, one of the most noted and dangerous - of the Cheyenne chiefs. After this war he reorganized his exhibition on a larger scale than before and in 1882 added new features, rebaptizing the organization as "Buf- falo Bill's Wild West and Congress of Rough Riders of the World." With this aggregation he has since been on the road, except when oc- casional calls have enlisted his aid in suppress- ing minor Indian uprisings, and has made many successful tours of the United States and Europe. But, although for years busily occupied with this gigantic enterprise, he has not lost interest in the welfare of his country, nor lacked indus- try or zeal in pushing forward the development of that section of which he is so truly typical. In the autumn of 1894 he became a resident of Bighorn county, Wyo., founding there the flour- ishing town which bears his name, near which he owns numerous fine ranches, all stocked with his own superior grades of horses and cattle. He has erected one of the most elegant, most com- pletely equipped and best conducted hotels in •the state ; holds interests in many commercial and in- dustrial enterprises at Cody ; is president of the Shoshone Irrigation Co., which has been instru- mental in placing under cultivation thousands of acres of choice land ; and in every possible way has helped along the development and improve- ment of the region in which he has cast his lot. His services in this respect have been of inestim- able value and the town of Cody, with the healthy progress, rich productiveness and advanced cul- tivation of the country around it, forms the best monument to his enterprise, ability and patriot- ism. What an interesting career has been that of this man ! Born to the destiny of toil and obscurity of the frontier and inured to all its dangers, hardships and privations, deeply schooled in its rugged life and bearing the marks of its burdens, it has yet been his lot to be courted, feted and honored by the rich and the titled of earth's gayest capitals, to have the very flower of the most advanced civilizations wait upon his presence and Royalty itself bidding for his smiles. The delight of innocent childhood, the inspiration of budding youth, the stimulus of vigorous manhood, and the entertainment of ret- rospective old age, the diversion of the rich and the festival of the poor, his show has ministered to the enjoyment and the instruction of all classes and conditions of men. It has transported the wild flavor of our western plains and mountains to the busy marts of the East, carried the wild life of the New World into close contact with the culture of the Old, mingling the barbarism of the one with the refinement of the other, and so brought the ends of the earth together. And through all his varying experiences, his fidelity to chity in every field, his courageous endurance in every difficulty, his early trials and later tri- umphs, his mighty successes and the adulation which follows them, he has remained the same strong, true man, preserving unimpaired the firm fiber, high tone and unbending dignity of his American citizenship and the loyalty of his faith with his country, his manhood and his fame. Tried by all extremes of fortune he has never been subdued by any. JOEL E. FAIRCHILD. The gentleman to a brief review of whose career these lines are devoted is one of the re- cent comers to Wyoming, having been a resi- dent of the city of Kemmerer since 1899. ^ e PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 85 is a scion of one of the old Colonial families of North Carolina, but traces his paternal ancestry- back to Massachusetts, where the Fairchilds had settled in a very early age as emigrants from Scotland. Mr. Abigail Fairchild, the paternal grandfather, was born in Massachusetts, but when quite young went to North Carolina, where he married, reared a family and passed the remainder of his life, being a blacksmith and following that calling for many years in Wilkes county, where he also devoted some at- tention to agricultural pursuits. He was a lad of thirteen when the colonies declared their in- dependence, and throughout the seven years War of the Revolution he served as a soldier in a North Carolina regiment, taking part in a number of battles and bearing himself bravely until the Briton was driven forever from Ameri- can shores. He had a son by the name of Abigah, whose birth occurred in the county of Wilkes on July 4, 1804. Abigah Fairchild, Jr., was married in his native state to. Miss Catherine Vannay, a daughter of Jesse W. and Mary (Kelly) Vannay, both parents descendants of old and well-known families of Wilkes county. Mr. Fairchild became a well-to-do farmer and lived to the ripe old age of eighty-six. As a staunch Democrat he took a lively interest in public and political affairs and is remembered as a man of wide intelligence, good common sense and sound judgment. He always mani- fested a pardonable pride in his home and fam- ily and dying left to his descendants a name and reputation above the shadow of anything dishonorable. Mrs. Fairchild died at the age of forty-nine years and by the side of her de- voted husband she sleeps beneath the quiet shadows of the New Hope churchyard near their old home. JOEL E. FAIRCHILD, Jr. Joel E. Fairchild of this review is a son of the Abigah and Catherine Fairchild referred to above. He was born in Wilkes county, North Carolina, in 1836, and was reared to agricultural pursuits on the family homestead. He early be- came familiar with the varied duties of the farm and grew up in the full understanding that man should earn his bread by honest toil. Under the tutelage of honorable God-fearing parents he laid broad and deep a foundation of usefulness and endeavored to make his life cor- respond to his highest ideal of manly conduct. After remaining under the paternal roof until his twenty-third year he started out for him- self, choosing for a vocation the ancient and honorable calling of husbandry, which he fol- lowed in his native state until the national at- mosphere became murky with the smoke of impending Civil War. When the great struggle of the sections ensued young Fairchild espoused the Southern cause and in i860 enlisted in Co. B, Thirty-seventh North Carolina Infantry, with which he served until the Confederacy ceased to be, sharing with his comrades all the vicissitudes and fortunes" through which his regiment passed, taking part in many noted campaigns, especially in Virginia, and partici- pating in some of the bloodiest battles in the annals of modern warfare, among them being the Seven Days' fight in the Wilderness and the terrible battle of Gettysburg, receiving a severe wound in the latter. Mr. Fairchild en- tered the service as a private, but for bravery under many trying and dangerous circum- stances was gradually promoted until he be- came first lieutenant of his company, in which capacity he was discharged when the Southern cause went down with the surrender at Appo- mattox. After the war Mr. Fairchild returned to North Carolina and resumed agricultural pursuits, remaining in his native county until 1869, when he sold out and migrated to Boone- ville, Mo. Purchasing a farm near that place, he engaged in agriculture upon quite an exten- sive scale and continued the active prosecution of his labors until 1898, when he disposed of his place and retired from further labor. As a farmer Mr. Fairchild ranked with the enterpris- ing and successful men of his county, and by close application and good management he acquired a liberal share of worldly wealth, suffi- cient, in fact, to place him in independent cir- 86 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. cumstances, so that he can pass the remainder of his days in the enjoyment of that rest and quietude, which only men who have battled long and successfully with the world know how to appreciate. After selling his farm he moved to Booneville, where he made his home until 1899, when for the purpose of recuperating his health he changed his residence to Kemmerer, Wyo., where since that year he has lived greatly to his physical advantage, the clear, bracing moun- tain air being peculiarly adapted to the building up and revivifying of his declining energies. Mr. Fairchild was married in 1854 with Miss Frances Phillips of North Carolina, a daughter of William and Jemima (Yates) Phillips, both natives of that state. This union was termi- nated by the death of Mrs. Fairchild, who en- tered into' rest in 1873, at the age of forty-two, leaving six children : George W., May, Hamil- ton, Ellen, Katie and John. On December 31, 1876, Mr. Fairchild was again married, choos- ing for his companion Miss Lucy Waller of Missouri, a daughter of Benjamin and Lucy Waller, natives of Kentucky, a union which has resulted in one daughter, Ray Fairchild. In politics Mr. Fairchild has been a Democrat ever since old enough to cast a ballot and sees no reason why he should not continue to support the old historic party of the people. He has never been an aspirant for official honors or public distinction, but has labored earnestly for his friends with ambition in those directions. He has borne well his part in life and exer- cised a wholesome moral influence wherever his lot has been cast. A man of unquestioned veracity and pronounced integrity, he has won a place in the esteem of his fellows which time will strengthen, and all who have the pleasure of his acquaintance speak in complimentary terms of his sterling qualities and manly worth. J. H. FOSTER. Combining in his veins the chivalric devo- tion, gallantry and courtesy of the South, the vivacity, grace and geniality of France, and the rugged virtues of the Scotch-Irish race, and having taken conspicuous part and prominence in various realms of human activities not often the lot of man to experience, J. H. Foster of Manville, Wyoming, is one whose life and career present unique features. He was born on March 26, 1854, in Nicholas ville, Ky., the son of Robert and Mary (St. Clair) Foster. His paternal grandfather came to America in the early part of the nineteenth century from the north of Ireland, and after a residence of some time in Indiana made his permanent home in Kentucky. The father was reared in Kentucky and in 1861 enlisted in the Confederate service under the famous General Zollicoffer, with great loyalty following the fortunes and mis- fortunes of the Confederate forces until the close of the war which saw their defeat. His wife was a lady of most admirable qualities, born and educated in Paris, France, and was a mother capable of impressing her children with the principles of right, justice and honor. When peace came Robert Foster joined his family in Illinois, whither the sad fortune of war had driven them from Kentucky, where he was en- gaged in agricultural pursuits until his death, leaving a family of ten children and surviving his wife for fifteen years. When our subject was fourteen years old he went with an uncle, John Foster, a celebrated clown connected with John Robinson's circus, to be his understudy and learn the business. In this connection he made such rapid progress that in two months time his proficiency was so great that his uncle, who was advanced in years and was at this time taken ill, persuaded him to take his position and allow him to retire. For four years there- after Mr. Foster accompanied the John Robin- son's circus and as a clown was equal to any in the country, acquiring a high reputation and a great popularity, in his life demonstrating that "a circus man," could be a man of character and good morals, for during his life as a clown he never used tobacco, never used intoxicants and never used profane language. His life on the sawdust ended, Mr. Foster learned .the painter's trade and for five years was the fore- man of the Chicago & Alton Railroad shops at PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. %7 Bloomington, 111., thereafter serving for three years most efficiently on the police force of that city, then tendering his resignation to remove west to try the benefit of the western climate on his wife's impaired health, coming at once to Manville, Wyo., the place of his present resi- dence, and here he has been successfully and prominently connected with the stock industry, at present running a fine brand of Hereford cattle, and has been an active, useful and popu- lar citizen, holding at this writing the office of county assessor, to which he was first elected in 1900. He was the secretary of the McLean county (111.) Agricultural Society, and the cour- teous secretary of the Converse county Fair Association for six years, while in 1900 he was the U. S. census enumerator for the Manville district. The duties of his several important official positions have been discharged in a manner highly creditable to his ability, honor and integrity, also exhibiting his great natural tact and power of easily acquiring friends. He is a Republican in political creed. On Septem- ber 20, 1880, Mr. Foster and Miss Ida M. Port- lock, a daughter of the genial proprietor of the Palace Hotel at Gales'burg, 111., were mar- ried. Their children are Clyde E., train dis- patcher at Livingston, Mont. ; Capitola, now Mrs. A. E. Smith, of Manville, Wyo.; William P., a telegrapher at Whitehall, Mont.; Mil- ton, cartoonist ; and Bertha Grace, Ernest and Eva St. Clair, who are at the home at Manville where the family most charmingly entertain their numerous friends and acquaintances. Milton has demonstrated a rare talent as a car- toonist. J. FREDERICK GERBER. J. Frederick Gerber, of Granite Canyon, Wyo., is a native of Switzerland, and was born in that land of liberty on June 1, 1845, tne son of John and Katheryn (Ernst) Gerber, both natives of Switzerland. He grew to manhood amid the mountain surroundings of his early home, receiving there a good education and assisting his father in the work and manage- ment of his little farm. He remained at home until he had attained to the age of twenty-one years, when reports of the wonderful new world beyond the sea coming to him, he resolved to seek his fortune there. Leaving the home of his childhood with little or no capital save good health and a determination to succeed, he ar- rived in New York in March, 1866, and soon came west to Omaha, Neb., then a small town on the extreme western frontier, and here he soon secured employment as a butcher. He fol- lowed this occupation until June, 1867, when he accepted a position with the Union Pacific Rail- road, then under construction, on the station it was erecting in Omaha, and was also em- ployed in other work connected with the build- ing department of that company. In 1868 he returned to the meat business in Omaha, and there followed that vocation until 1876, when he came to North Platte, Neb., -and after a three months' stay went to Sidney, where he entered the employ of the Pratt & Ferris Cat- tle Co., with which he remained until the spring of 1877, working during most of that time as a teamster between Sidney and Fort Robinson. In 1877 he was for five months engaged on a large beef contract at Fort Robinson, then pro- ceeded to Fort Custer, Mont., subsequently going to Bozeman, where he worked at butcher- ing for the company which had the contract for supplying beef to the military post at Fort Cus- ter, remaining there until May, 1878, when he returned to the south and came to Cheyenne, where he secured employment at his trade for about three years. He then removed to Den- ver, Colo., where he followed the same occupa- tion until 1893, then he located a homestead about twenty miles north of Pine Bluffs, Wyo., and engaged in cattleraising, improving his land and steadily extending his business and in- creasing his herds. Through hard work, habits of economy and careful attention he built up a prosperous and successful business which gave promise of growing to large proportions, but in the spring of 1902 his health, which had been failing for some years, became so poor that he was compelled to give up active business and PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. dispose of his ranch and stock. He has since been living a quiet and retired life, making his home with his brother John A. Gerber at Gran- ite Canyon. Fraternally, Mr. Gerber is af- filiated with the order of Red Men, being a member of the lodge at Denver. Politically, he is a member of the Republican party, and is a man of many admirable traits of character, and from his long experience on the western frontier he can relate many interesting reminis- cences of life on the plains, especially of the early days of the construction of the Union Pacific Railroad through Wyoming, Nebraska and Colorado. WILLARD GOOD. Born on April 3, 1858, in Bartholomew county, Indiana, the son of Thomas and Lucy A. (Piersol) Good, removing with his parents to the frontier of Iowa when but a small boy, and beginning life for himself at the age of fourteen, William Good of Crook county has passed almost his entire earthly existence among pioneers, surrounded by the scenes of new countries as yet undeveloped and just awaking to systematic production and improve- ment. His father was a native of Indiana and his mother of Pennsylvania. The father farmed in Indiana until 1870 when he removed his fam- ily to Jefferson county, Iowa, and there fol- lowed his regular vocation for a period of seven years at the end of which he went to Missouri for a time, then returned to Indiana where he has since resided. Willard Good re- ceived a limited education in the public schools of Jefferson county, Iowa, remaining at home and working with his father on the farm until he was fourteen years old. He then left the parental roof and taking up the burden of life for himself, proceeding to the northern part of the state and working on farms for eighteen months, thence going to Davis county, Mo., where his parents were living, and worked on a railroad for a year and a quarter, in 1880 coming to South Dakota, where he located at Spearfish for nearly a year, then went to Central City in that state and made mining his occupa- tion for a year, and going to Missouri to spend the winter. In the spring of 1884 he found a permanent resting place in Crook county, Wyo., locating on the ranch he now occupies two miles northwest of Sundance, where he has since been engaged in raising cattle and de- veloping the agricultural features of a tract of land on which nature lavished a wealth of fruit- fulness which only needed the hand of the hus- bandman to make it ready for enjoyment. It comprises 700 acres and has been well improved with necessary buildings and careful cultiva- tion, diligence and skill having made it one of the most desirable ranches in this portion of the state, as it was one of the first to be taken up, there being when Mr. Good settled here very few residents in the section. On March 1, 1883, at Bethany, Mo., he married Miss Melissa Piles, a native of Kentucky. They have two children, Alice and Willard. Mr. Good is an ardent Democrat in politics and gives to his party a zealous and devoted loyalty, yet seeks not for himself its places of honor and in- fluence, being content to push forward the ad- vance of his section of the state as a worker in the ranks of progress. PETER GORDON. Peter Gordon, of Kemmerer, Wyoming, a prominent and well-known man, was born in Scotland in 1843, tne son °f James and Maggie (Grant) Gordon. His father, a shoemaker by trade, was also a native of Scotland and like man)- others of his name and craft was promi- nent in the affairs of his country,' dying in 1879 at the hale old age of 86. The name of Gordon has always been prominent in the annals of Scotland, and our Mr. Gordon traces his an- cestry in that land for many generations. His mother was a most devoted mother, a member of the Protestant church and of most excellent traits of character. She died in 1876 at the age of 82. Peter Gordon received his early educa- tion in Scotland, where he followed the work of a farmer in Banffshire and Murravshire, until PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 89 1872, when he emigrated, coming to Boston, Mass., where he took up railroad work for two years in the neighborhood of Boston and then went to New York for a year after which he crossed the international line into Ontario and continued railroad work for eight years on the Great Western Railway thence coming to Waterfall, Wyo., he worked two years longer on railroads and opened a general store and saloon in Fossil, Wyo., which he conducted for ten or eleven years. There he sold out two years ago and established a business at Big Piney which he was able to sell to good ad- vantage in February, 1902. Returning to Fossil he again engaged in a business, which he still owns. In September, 1902, he engaged in the saloon business at Kemmerer, at which place he now makes his home, being a Republican in his politics. He married in i860 with Miss Jessie Herd, like himself a native of Scotland. She died four years ago, leaving these children : James, Maggie, Elsie, Anna and Peter. HARRY C. GARLOCK. No life characterized by activity and in- dustry can fail to be instructive and useful for if merits are revealed it is a good example, if faults are conspicuous it is useful as a- warning, but in the career of the enterprising young man, Harry C. Garlock, to whom this review is de- voted, the reader will find much to commend and little to criticise. He belongs to that large and practical class of men whose minds and energies are enlisted in the great livestock in- dustry, and, inheriting as he does a natural apti- tude for the business, .he has already won a conspicuous place among the successful cattle- raisers of his county. Wesley J. Garlock, the fa- ther of Harry, is a native of New York, removing to Michigan when a young man, and, locating in Livingston county, for many years he enjoyed the reputation of being one of the most ex- perienced and successful stockmen of the state, and passing a goodly portion of his life there as a farmer and stockraiser, devoting especial attention to fine grades of sheep, and being the first breeder of Shropshire sheep in that state. He served as judge at many state and inter- national fairs and expositions, and was con- sidered one of the best judges of sheep in the whole United States. In 1893 he disposed of his interests in Michigan and coming to Wyo- ming took up land in Albany county and gave his attention exclusively to stockraising. He also purchased a residence property in Laramie for a winter home, but by reason of failing health was obliged to seek a more congenial clime ; accordingly in 1901 he removed to Cali- fornia, where he now lives. His wife is a na- tive of Scotland and a woman of character and ability. Harry C. Garlock was born in Livings- ton county, Mich., in November, 1875, and dur- ing his youthful years he attended the public schools, and early in life began working with his father, whose ripe experience in the live- stock business early influenced the young man to turn his attention to that important and profitable industry. He accompanied his par- ents to Wyoming and resided with them until his twenty-first year, when he began life for himself as a mail carrier for the U. S. govern- ment, later choosing cattleraising as the surest means of acquiring a fortune. In the fall of 1897 he took up a ranch on Blue Grass Creek, twenty-four miles southwest of Wheatland, Wyo., which he stocked with cattle and on which he has since lived in the active prosecution of a business in every respect encouraging in its financial results, his estate consisting of 760 acres of meadow and 1000 acres of grazing land, unexcelled for situation and richness of herb- age and the large herds of cattle which feed thereon affords abundant evidence of the con- tinued prosperity of the enterprising proprietor. Mr. Garlock is truly a progressive young man, not only in business, but as a public spirited citizen, for he is interested in whatever tends to build up and improve the community. Thus far he has more than realized his financial ex- pectations, and those who know him best pre- dict for him a continued prosperity and he en- joys a large measure of public confidence and esteem. 90 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF IVY MIX G. SAMUEL D. GREENE, M. D. A leading physician of Saratoga, Wyoming, and one of the rising professional men of the state is Dr. Samuel D. Greene, who was born at Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, on February II, 1867, the son of John and Ellen (Leewey) Greene, the former a native of Canada and the latter of Ireland. The paternal grandfather was a native of Scotland, and came to America from his native country in the early part of the nineteenth century. He was a British soldier of the War of 181 2, and after the termination of that conflict, he engaged in agricultural pur- suits in Ontario. His son John Greene was long engaged in lumbering in his native country of Canada, and retired with a competency some years ago. He now makes his residence at Arnprior. Ontario. Dr. Greene attained man- hood in his native city of Ottawa, and there acquired his elementary education in the public schools. When he had completed his prelimin- ary preparation, he matriculated at the Queen's University, at Kingston, and pursued a special course of study for about two years, when he entered the medical department of the same in- stitution. After completing his course he was graduated in the class of '90, with the degree of M. D., C. M., and entered upon the practice of his profession at Bancroft, in County .Hast- ings, Ontario. He remained here for about three years, meeting with marked success, then disposed of his practice and removed to the town of Arnprior, where he continued in practice for about five years, when he located in Nebraska. Remaining here about six months, he removed to Rawlins, Wyoming, where he opened an of- fice and was engaged in successful practice for about one year. In the year 1899 ' ie disposed of his practice at Rawlins and removed to the city of Saratoga, Wyo., where he has since made his home and been continuously engaged in medical practice. He has been uniformly successful, has built up a large practice in Sara- toga and the surrounding country, and has an extended reputation. Fraternally the Doctor is affiliated with the Knights of Pythias, holding the position of prelate in his local lodge ; and with the Fraternal Order of Eagles, and the Modern Woodmen of America, of which he is the physician. He is the examining physician for the New York Life Insurance Co., and the Mutual Life Insurance Co., of New York, and is often called in consultation by physicians in other sections of the state. He is a hard student, thoroughly familiar with the most mod- ern theories and treatment of disease, having the fullest confidence of the people in the com- munity where he maintains his home and is deservedly popular with all classes of people. CHARLTON M. GREGORY. One of the leading, public spirited and pro- gressive men of Albany county, Wyoming, is Hon. Charlton M. Greg'ory, a prominent citi- zen of Centennial and the subject of this re- view. A native of the state of New York, he was born in 1838, the son of Samuel K. and Cynthia (Blanchard) Gregory, the former a na- tive of New York, and the latter of Yermont. The father followed farming in his native state and subsequently removed his residence to Wis- consin, where he continued in the same pursuit, still later removing to Iowa, where he remained until his decease, which occurred in 1880. He was the son of James Gregory of Scotch descent, who lived to a very great age in his native state of New York, and not being less than 101 years old at the time of his death. The mother of the subject of this sketch was born in 1815. the daughter of Willard and Sally (Schley) Blanch- ard, well-known and respected residents of Yer- mont. She passed away in 1902, having attained the age of eighty-seven years. C. M. Gre- gory grew to manhood in the states of New York and Wisconsin, and received his early education in the public schools of the com- munities where the family resided during his childhood and youth. At the age of sixteen years he became a teacher in the public schools of Wisconsin and continued in that calling for some years. Desiring then to acquire a knowl- edge of merchandising, he gave up teaching PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 9i and secured a position in a Wisconsin mercan- tile establishment, in which he remained until 1861. In that year he emigrated to the Pacific coast, returning in 1865. In 1866 he accepted a position as a commercial traveler, going on the road as a salesman for about ten years. He then engaged in the mercantile business for himself in the city of Warren, 111. Here he re- mained for some three years and met with varying success. At this time he was nominated and elected to the office of county treasurer, serving in that capacity with conspicuous ability for three successive terms. At the expiration of his term of office he disposed of his business interests in Illinois and removed his residence to South Dakota. Here he was engaged in farming for a time, and was nominated and elected as a member of the Board of County Commissioners of the county of which he was a citizen and was a member of the Constitu- tional Convention in 1885. Disposing of his in- terests in South Dakota in 1890, he came to Wyoming and engaged in ranching and mining in the vicinity of Centennial. He has been suc- cessful in his business ventures and is a man of high character and fine attainments. Politically he has all his life been actively identified with the Republican party, and has been one of its trusted leaders in no less than three states. Since making his home in Wyoming, he has been twice nominated and elected as a mem- ber of the legislative assembly, and many' measures of legislation beneficial to the peo- ple of the state were enacted during his term of office, standing as monuments to his ability and patriotic devotion to public duty. He is one of the most capable men of his state in con- nection with all matters affecting the public welfare and his ability and popularity are such that should he desire further political honors they would be gladly conceded to him by his fellow cit- izens. In 1867, at the city of Warren, 111., Mr. Gregory was united in marriage with Miss Julia Suprise, daughter of Louis and Julia Suprise, well-known and honored residents of Illinois, the father being a Canadian by birth, who re- moved from his native country to the city of Lockport, N. Y., and subsequently established his home at Warren, 111. Both of the parents are living, making their home in Colorado. Mr. and Mrs. Gregory have five children : Charl- ton L., Myron S., Francis W., Albert E. and Louis A. Their home is noted for its sur- roundings of culture and -refinement, as well as for the generous and gracious hospitality there dispensed. GEORGE C. GRANT. ' Among the younger generation of pro- gressive business men of the state of Wyoming, upon whom must devolve the future develop- ment and government of the commonwealth is George C. Grant, of I slay, who was born on July 24, 1875, in Portage county, Ohio, and the son of William H. and Ella E. (Allyn) Grant, the former a native of Indiana, and the latter of Ohio. His father in early life was engaged as a carpenter and builder in Portage county, Ohio, and in 1878, he removed his residence to Iowa, settling in Dallas county and engaging in farming, in which he continued until 1886, when he removed to Nebraska, where he es- tablished his home in Hayes county, still con- tinuing farming. He remained there until 1894 when, owing to the severe drought, he sold out and moved to Ozark county, Missouri. Here he continued in agricultural operations until the fall of 1901, when he moved to Kansas, and made his home in Stafford county. Here he has since maintained his residence, and is still following the occupation of farming. The mother passed away on July 6, 1899, and is buried in Stafford county. George C. Grant re- mained at home with his parents until he had attained to the age of eighteen years, receiv- ing his early education in the schools of Iowa and of Hayes county, Neb. In the spring of 1894, having an ambition to make his own way in the world and to try his fortune in the new country farther west, he left his home in Nebraska and set out for Wyoming for the purpose of learning the cattle business and he soon secured employment at the ranch of O. 9 2 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. Harris on the Running Water Creek for about five months, and in the fall of the same year he accepted a position on the ranch of R. S. Van Tassell in Converse county. He continu- ed here for about three , years, engaged during the greater portion of that time in riding the range, and in this capacity he acquired a thor- ough knowledge of the business of handling range cattle, so that now he is considered one of the most capable men on a cattle ranch in his section of Wyoming. In November, 1897, he made a visit to his parents at his old home, remaining with them until January, 1898, when he returned to Wyoming and became the man- ager of the ranch where he had formerly been employed. He remained here about one year, conducting the business with great success, and in the spring of 1899 he was given entire charge, with a working partnership interest, of the ranch where he now resides, on North Crow Creek, about twenty miles northwest of Chey- enne. This property is also owned by Mr. Van Tassell, and is one of the finest places in that section of the state, comprising about 5,100 acres of land, with a large adjacent range and extensive improvements and a large tract of the best hay land. On November 23, 1898, Mr. Grant was united in the bonds of marriage, at Crawford, Neb., with Miss May A. Sides, a native of Pennsylvania, a daughter of Joseph and Delia C. (Miller) Sides, both natives of the state of Pennsylvania. Removing from their native state to Nebraska, the' parents of Mrs. Grant established their home in Dawes county, where the father engaged in the busi- ness of cattle raising, in which he is still oc- cupied. The mother passed away in Dawes county on August 29, 1890, and is buried in Crawford, Neb. To the union of Mr. and Mrs. Grant two children have been born, Ida I. and Roy A., both of whom are living. Fraternally, Mr. Grant is affiliated with the order of Modern Woodmen of America, being a member of the lodge at Harrison, Neb. Politically, he is a stanch adherent of the Republican party, and is an active and prominent factor in the party in his section of the state. He is a good type of the progressive, ambitious and successful young stockmen of Wyoming. Industrious, clear-headed and also having marked business ability, he is sure to be heard from in the future business life of his section of the young com- monwealth. JACOB GREUB. For nearly a quarter of a century con- tinuously was Jacob Greub a resident of the Crazy Woman Creek district of Wyoming, be- ing among the first white men to "stick their stakes" in this region at a time when it was cer- tainly an unbroken wilderness, given up to the successive ravages of ferocious beasts and pred- datory bands of savage men. He has seen it come kindly and generously into the ways of civilized life, yielding its tribute gladly to sys- tematic cultivation, as it had heretofore done to sporadic and thriftless violence. And if honor is accorded to one who inherits the triumphs and traditions of a long line of ancestry, surely not less does it belong to one who founds a race or helps to establish a dynasty in a new land. Such is the tribute due to Mr. Greub, who was born on July 12, 1861, at St. Joseph, Mo., the son of Rudolph and Elizabeth (Ofelder) Greub, natives of Switzerland, who came to America late in the 'fifties and settling near the city of St. Joseph, engaged in farming until 1864, when they removed to Boulder county, Colo., and there passed the remainder of their lives in the same peaceful occupation. Their son Jacob grew to the age of seventeen in Boul- der county, assisting his parents on the farm and attending the district school until 1878, when, assuming the duties of life for himself, he went to Larimer county and found employ- ment for a year on a cattle ranch. In the sum- mer of -1879 he came with his brother-in-law to Crazv Woman Creek, driving a herd of cat- tle, and like the children of Israel in respect to Canaan, they found that the land was good and determined to make it their home. They squat- ted on the virgin soil and at once began an industry in raising cattle. They were the first PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 93 settlers in all this region and, in spite of tempta- tions and seemingly strong inducements to go elsewhere, they steadily remained here until 1896, pursuing their chosen vocations, improv- ing their land and adding to the conveniences and the value of their homes until they made the "wilderness blossom as the rose" veritably. In the year last mentioned Mr. Greub sold his ranch and removed to a leased one on Little Piney Creek, fifteen miles north of Buffalo, it being the homestead taken up by his father-in- law, George Hepp, in earlier years. Mr. Hepp moved into this region in 1882 and was en- gaged in ranching and cattleraising until his death on October 10, 1901. When the weight of years became heavy and he wished to retire from active pursuits, he took up his residence on an adjoining ranch which he owned, leasing his home place to Mr. Greub. It is now a part of his estate to which there are two heirs in addition to his daughter. It comprises 800 acres of excellent land and is one of the finest ranches .on the creek. He has also a ranch on Shell Creek which he leases. On November 24, 1885, in Johnson county, Wyoming, occurred the marriage of Mr. Greub and Miss Elizabeth Hepp, a native of New York city and daughter of George and Elizabeth Hepp, natives of Ger- many. Her mother is still living at her home in Buffalo, Wyo. In politics Mr. Greub is a Republican, one of the highly respected old- timers of the county, and he has the esteem and confidence of its people, not only as one of the founders and builders, but also as one of the most substantial citizens of their county. O. A. HAMILTON. Every honorable profession or vocation has its legitimate place in the scheme of human ac- tivity and constitute.s a part of the general plan whereby life's methods are pursued and man's destiny ultimately achieved. While all repu- table callings are needful, the actual importance of each is largely determined by its relative usefulness. So dependent is man upon his fel- lowmen that the worth of the individual is de- termined by what he has done to benefit his kind and in the main a man succeeds best in a single vocation, yet there are many who have achieved prominence in different lines of effort. The gentleman whose name appears above be- longs to the latter class in that his career has been a varied one, devoted at different times to different pursuits. As a civilian he has been a forceful factor in business and industrial affairs and as a soldier in the greatest civil war of history he did valiant service for his country, earning a record of which any defender of the Union might feel justly proud. O. A. Hamil- ton was born in Beaver county, Pa., in 1848, and his father, Milton Hamilton, was also a Pennsylvanian by birth and for a number of years a distinguished teacher in his own state and Ohio. He moved to Ohio about 1853 and until his death thirty-one years later was princi- pal of schools at various places, his last field of labor being the town of Middleport, where he departed this life in 1884. He was the son of Robert Hamilton, a native of Scotland who emigrated to America in an early day and settled in the Keystone State. Sophia Lyon, wife of Milton Hamilton and mother of the sub- ject of this review, was the daughter of Samuel and Katherine (Eaton) Lyon, all three born in Pennsylvania and the father a farmer by occu- pation. O. A. Hamilton was a lad of five years old when his parents moved to Ohio and he grew to maturity and received his educational training in that state, remaining at home until the breaking out of the Civil War when realiz- ing that the country had need of all the aid her loyal sons could render, he joined the army as an artificer, being too young to carry arms and perform the duties of a soldier, entering the service when only fourteen years and ten months old. A little later he served as private in the Fourth Independent Battalion, Ohio Vol- unteer Cavalry, and at the expiration of his period of enlistment joined the Second Ohio Cavalry, being promoted corporal of his com- pany. Mr. Hamilton's military career covered five years of time, during which he saw much active service and took part in a number of 94 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMIXG. campaigns, participating' in some of the blood- iest battles for which that great struggle is noted. When the war closed he enlisted in the Fourth U. S. Infantry, serving until 1870 and passing the greater part of the time in the western territories. He was discharged at Fort Laramie, Wyo., in 1870 and immediately began freighting and ranching. He followed this life for a number of years, meeting with many inter- esting and thrilling experiences but was always exempt from personal danger, as witness the Ute outbreak of 1879 * n which he lost his en- tire freighting outfit. In 1890 he engaged in sheepraising in Wyoming and continued the business until the fall of 1894, when he sold out and purchased the Natrona County Tribune, which he edited and published for one year, then, severing his connection with journalism, he engaged in mining at South Pass and he has devoted his energies to that business to the present time. Mr. Hamilton has led a very act- ive and strenuous life . Experiencing all the hardships, clangers and other vicissitudes of war, he discharged his every obligation with commendable fidelity, never shirked a responsi- bility however onerous or dangerous, and left the service cheered by the consciousness of duty bravely and uncomplainingly performed. His business career has also been varied and at times not as successful as he could have desired but in the main satisfactory from a financial point of view. He has realized a handsome in- come from his mining operations, having lo- cated and developed some valuable properties, besides owning others which promise large re- turns. Mr. Hamilton has taken an active part in the political affairs of Sweetwater county, being one of the prominent Republicans in this part of the state. Recently he was elected the superintendent of Water District No. 4, and at the present writing is a member of the state board of control. He also served as sergeant- at-arms of the House of Representatives of Wyoming, and in various other capacities has been brought to the public gaze. In 1876 he- was united in the bonds of wedlock with Miss Maggie Higley of Ohio, daughter of Austin and Eliza (Smith) Higley, the union resulting in the birth of four children : Clara, who died in 1894 at the age of seventeen, Milton A., Lilia N. and Maggie. Mr. Hamilton has always had the welfare of the community at heart and as a public spirited man of affairs lends his sup- port and active cooperation to every measure for the general good. He has upheld worthily an honored ancestral name and has been faith- ful to every trust confided to him, loyal in his friendships and devoted to the best interests of his family, friends and country. He possesses broad humanitarian principles and is essentially a man of the people. As a citizen none stand higher and his relations with his fellow men are characterized by courtesy, suavity, culture and good breeding. His manners are kindly, and all who come within the range of his personal influence acknowdedge his fine social qualities and speak of him as a true type of the generous and free-hearted gentleman. ARCHIE D. HAMNER. One of the progressive and rising young men of Albany county, Wyoming, is the subject of this brief sketch, Archie D. Hamner, whose address is Spring Hill. A native of the state of New York, he was born in Hamilton county, August 19, 1866, the son of Charles and Hulda (Jordan) Hamner, both also natives of the Em- pire state. His father was a farmer in his na- tive state until 1883, when he disposed of his property and removed to Iowa, establishing his home in Butler county and there continued life as a farmer until 1886. when he went to the territory of Wyoming, settled in Horseshoe Creek Park, and there engaged in cattleraising. Here he continued up to the year 1894. when he disposed of his property in Wyoming to good advantage, and returned again to his early home at Long Lake, Hamilton county, N. Y., where he has since made his home. The mother passed away in November, 1899. and awaits the resurrection in the burial ground at Long Lake, New York. Archie D. Hamner grew to man- hood in his native slate and received his earlv PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 95 education in the public schools of Long Lake. In 1883 he came to Iowa with his parents and there remained until 1886, assisting his father in the work and management of the farm. In the latter year he followed his father to Wyo- ming and took up the home ranch which he occupies on Horseshoe Creek, in Albany county, about twenty-eight miles west of Glen- do, 'engaged in the cattle business and there re- mained until 1892, when he removed to Dead- wood, South Dakota, for about four months, but not meeting with the success there he had anticipated, he returned to his ranch on Horse- shoe Creek and continued in his former business of cattleraising until the spring of 1894, when, selling his cattle, he purchased a large band of horses which he drove overland to Iowa and then shipped them to New York. Owing to the low price of horses this business venture did not prove to be successful and he returned to his ranch and again engaged in the cattle busi- ness. By hard work, energy and determined perseverance he has retrieved his losses and built himself up, until he is now counted one of the prosperous business men of that section of the county. In the early part of 1900 he purchased one-half interest in a sawmill near his ranch, and was a partner in that business until June, 1902, when he disposed of his interest in the mill to good advantage. Since then he has de- voted himself exclusively to the cattle business. In 1899 he visited his parents in New York and was there at the time of his mother's death. Mr. Hamner has a fine home ranch, consisting of 480 acres of land, well fenced and improved, having all the equipments for the successful car- rying on of the cattleraising business. Mr. Hamner has recently purchased a claim -in the mountains adjacent to the land there owned by him, which makes him the owner of 640 acres in the hills, where he has a summer range for 1,000 head of stock, but as he could cut but 150 tons of hay, and realizing that he must use much more than that quantity, he bought a ranch of 320. acres at the mouth of Horseshoe Creek, twenty miles below the hills, which can be made to produce 500 tons of alfalfa hay, and with this property he obtained 900 acres of leased land. There is a weed that grows in the hills which is so poisonous that it frequently kills the cattle that eat it during the six weeks of the spring season that it is attractive for food, so Mr. Hamner, by having a ranch in the valley where he can keep his stock during this period, can avoid the loss he has heretofore suf- fered from this cause. He has just completed a fine modern residence of nine rooms, where he and his attractive wife generously entertain their numerous friends. On April 24, 1889, at Douglas, Wyo., Mr. Hamner was united in marriage with Miss Mary E. Newell, a native of Iowa and the daughter of George and Adelia Newell, prominent citizens of Black Hawk county, Iowa, of which state they were pioneers and later, in 1886, they removed their residence from that state to the territory of Wyoming, where they established their home on Horse- shoe Creek, where the father was a stockman up to the time of his demise, the mother still residing at the home ranch. Mr. Hamner has made a study of the important subject of ir- rigation, and is one of the best informed men on that subject, which is of such vast import- ance to the western country. Fraternally, he is affiliated with the order of Woodmen of the World, as a member of the lodge at Douglas, Wyoming. In politics he is identified with the Republican party, and is taking an active and prominent part in the party in the section where he resides, being held in high esteem by all who know him. CHRISTIAN HAUF. One of the leading stockmen of Laramie county, who has recently engaged in the busi- ness, having formerly been a prosperous busi- ness man of Chicago, 111., is Christian Hauf, whose residence is at Glendo, Wyoming. A native of Germany, he was born on May 8, 1856, the son of George and Maragratte (Rof ) Hauf, both natives of the Fatherland, where his father was the proprietor of a distillery, who removed his residence to America in 1866, 96 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMIXG. establishing his new home in the city of Chi- cago, 111., where he engaged in mercantile pur- suits and as a manufacturer of matches, in which he remained active up to 1883, when he removed to the territory of Dakota and entered into the occupation of farming, remaining here for about eight years and in 1891 disposing of his farm and property in South Dakota and re- turned to Chicago. Here he remained for about one year and then came to Wyoming to take charge of the large cattle interests which his son Christian had acquired in that section. He continued in this occupation until 1902, the year of his decease, which occurred on the 16th day of March, and he lies buried in the cemetery situated near his former home at Glendo. The mother departed this life on October 28, 1899, and she is buried by the side of her husband. Christian Hauf passed his early childhood in the Fatherland and received his early education there. Coming to this country with his parents at the age of ten years, he completed his edu- cation in the public schools of Chicago, leaving school in 1873 an d becoming an apprentice to the butchering business. Subsequently he had employment with various large meat markets of the city, was there during the great fire and saw the practical destruction of that city and he has also been a witness to its marvelous rebuild- ing and to its marvelous growth and develop- ment. In 1883 he came to the territory of Dakota and located at the town of Blunt, as a farmer, continuing in that occupation for about five years, when he disposed of his farm and other property interests in Dakota, and took a trip of combined business and pleasure to the Pacific coast. Returning in the spring of 1888, he established himself in Chicago in the whole- sale and retail meat business on Commercial avenue. In this enterprise he met with remark- able success, and added to his operations from year to year until he became the owner of three large markets situated in different portions of the city. He was also the owner of a fine resi- dence, valuable real estate and other property. In T901 he became interested in the cattle busi- ness on the ranges of the western countrv and came to Wyoming to acquire an interest in that class of property. The ranch and property which he now owns and occupies was at that time for sale and he purchased it from its former owner. It is situated on Horseshoe Creek, about thirty-five miles southeast of Douglas, Wyo., and was formerly known as the Bob Walker ranch, having been located in the early days of the terri- tory, being one of the first ranches taken up in that section of the country and it is one of the historic places of Wyoming. After acquiring this property, he returned to Chicago and dur- ing the following year his father came to Wyo- ming to take charge of its management and they engaged extensively in cattleraising. Chris- tian Hauf still retained his large business interests, in Chicago, Illinois, but came to Wyo- ming twice each year to assist his father in the handling of their cattle interests. In 1900 he closed out his business in Chicago and removed his family to Wyoming, establishing his residence at the ranch on Horseshoe Creek, and he has since that time made that place his home. His cattle business has grown to enor- mous proportions, and he is now the owner of one of the finest ranch properties in Wyoming, having at his home ranch about 1,400 acres of land, well fenced and improved, with more than a thousand acres under irrigation. He has a large modern residence, with the improvements and comforts usually found in a well appointed modern city home, and large barns and build- ings for the handling of his immense herds of stock. He is exclusively engaged in the cattle business and devotes his attention chiefly to the Durham breed. He is one of the solid business men and property owners of Laramie county, and is well known as a successful cattle man throughout the entire state, being held in the 'highest esteem by. all classes of his fellow citizens. On December 7, 1879, in Chicago, 111., Mr. Hauf was united in the holy bonds of wed- lock with Miss Susan Fries, a native of Indiana, and the daughter of Michael and Gertrude Fries, both natives of Germany. Her parents emigrated from the Fatherland to America in 1854. and first located in Chicago where they PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 97 remained for a short time, then removed to Indiana, where they settled in Lake county, and engaged in farming, in which pursuit they remained up to the time of their deaths, the father passing away on April 29, 1898, and the mother on March 26, 1902, and both are buried at Schererville, Ind. Mr. and Mrs. Hauf have six children, namely, George, Elizabeth, Matilda, Charles J., William and Frederick C. All are living except George, who died in 1884 at the age of five years and six months, being buried at Pierre, S. D., and Elizabeth, who died at the age of thirteen months and is buried at Blue Island, 111. The family home is one noted for its genial and generous hospitality, and the family are members of the Roman Catholic church and take a deep interest in all works of charity and religion. Fraternally Mr. Hauf is affiliated with the Knights of Pythias, being a member of a Chicago lodge, and Mrs. Hauf is a member of U. C. O. F. A stanch ad- herent of the Republican party, Mr. Hauf is a loyal supporter of the principles of that politi- cal organization, although never seeking or de- siring public office. He is one of the foremost men of his section of Wyoming in developing its resources and building up its industries. ROBERT A. HARPER. Young, energetic, progressive and successful, Robert A. Harper, one of the prominent ranch- men of Weston county, who never shirked a duty or turned his back upon a foe, is a credit to the community in which he lives and one of its forceful and productive activities. In the province of Ontario, Canada, on April 20, 1857, he came into being, the son of Irish parents who had settled in the Dominion some years before. They were George and Ann J. (Spears) Harper, who left the hard and cramped condi- tions of the Emerald Isle for the ampler oppor- tunities of the New World, and after a life of usefulness as farmers were laid to rest beneath the soil of their adopted land, the mother in 1886 and the father in 1893. Their son Robert remained at home until he was twenty-three, attending the public schools and assisting on the farm, thereafter in the spring of 1880 com- ing to Wyoming and locating at Cheyenne, he went to work for Sturgess & Goodell, who in the fall sent him to the Stockade Beaver Creek section in their interest, they having ranches and cattle .there. He remained with them, rid- ing the range and looking after their interests until 1886, then went to work for J. C. Spencer on his nearby ranch and was his capable fore- man until 1889. He then entered the employ of W. H. Fawcett, whose ranch adjoins the one now owned by himself, and had charge of his property until August, 1900. In 1897 he pur- chased the ranch on which he now resides on Stockade Beaver Creek, eight miles east of Newcastle, and gradually stocked it while in the service of Mr. Fawcett. In 1900 he settled on his own ranch and has since devoted his entire time to its development and cultivation and to his cattle interests. With steady progress he has added to the improvement of his property and the size and quality of his herd, making them more and more worthy of regard and more in keeping with his ideas of a comfortable homestead, his last addition being a good new residence, which was erected in the summer of 1902. In politics Mr. Harper is a Democrat and, although earnestly interested in the suc- cess of his party, believing in its principles and the wisdom of its policies, he does not seek offi- cial preferment, being content to exercise his force as a citizen in advancing the general wel- fare of his community without regard to per- sonal honors. On November 11, 1899, at Phil- adelphia, Pa., he was united in marriage with Miss Sallie Swalm, a native of the Keystone state, where her parents, Joseph and Augeline Swalm, were also born and reared. Uutil his death in 1898 her father was a prosperous mer- chant in Philadelphia, Pa. Her mother is still living in Tioga, a suburb of that city. REINHOLD E. HECHT. A prosperous and successful ranchman and stockowner of Albany county, Wyoming, who is now residing at Centennial, in that county, is Reinhold E. Hecht, the subject of this sketch. 9 8 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. A native of Pennsylvania, of German descent, he was born in 185 1, the son of William and Elizabeth Hecht. The father came to Penn- sylvania from the Fatherland during the early fifties and engaged in farming, subsequently re- moving to Ohio, where he continued in the same pursuit up to the time of his decease, which occurred in 1862. The mother emigrated from Germany in early life to Pennsylvania, where she resided until her marriage and re- moval to Ohio. She died in Ohio in 1878, aged seventy-eight years, being the mother of five children, two girls and three boys. Reinhold Hecht grew to manhood in Ohio, and received his early education in the schools of that state, principally at the city of Defiance. At the age of nineteen years he was compelled by the force of circumstances to leave school and make his own way in the world, and taking his de- parture from Ohio he came to Cheyenne, Wyo., and secured employment in the freighting busi- ness between that city and Deadwood, Dakota, continuing to be thus employed for about five years, meeting with varied experiences and with some success. At the end of that time he re- turned to his former home in Ohio for a short time, and then the desire to again return to Wyo- ming became so strong that he could no longer resist it and he soon found himself in the neigh- borhood of Laramie, where he located a home- stead and entered upon the business of raising horses and cattle, in which he has continued up to the present time. He has met with success, and by hard work, perseverance, industry and good judgment has built up a large and profit- able enterprise, which is being steadily in- creased from year to year. He is now the owner of a fine ranch of over 2,000 acres of land, well fenced and improved, with suitable buildings and appliances for the proper maintenance of a suc- cessful ranching and stockraising business. From small beginnnings his business has grown until he is now counted as one of the substantial property owners of his section of the county, and takes especial pride in producing and show- ing the best grades of Hereford cattle and well- bred heavy draught horses. In 1878 Mr. Hecht was united in wedlock with Miss Lena Sass, a native of Germany and the daughter of Henry and Frederica Sass, both natives of the Father- land. The father emigrated in early life and settled in Ohio, where he made his home in the city of Defiance, following merchant tailoring. He resided in Toledo, Ohio, at the time of his death, engaged in the same business. Four children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Hecht, namely, William, Henry, Mabel and Myrtle, all now living. They have lost two children, Eliza- beth and Elma, who passed away in Defiance, O., where they were buried. The family are highly respected in the community where their home is located, and are among the most esti- mable citizens of Albany county. NEWELL BEEMAN. Newell Beeman, a prominent merchant and man of affairs of Evanston, Wyoming, was born at Phelps, Ontario county, N. Y., in 1844, the son of Thomas and Elvira (Colwell) Bee- man. His father was born in Hackensack, N. J., on January 7, 1804, going to Phelps when a boy of ten years, where he lived on a farm till 1867, when he moved to Fenton, Mich., where he died in September, 1884. His poli- tics were Democratic until 1856 when he joined the new Republican party, and he was an active member of the Presbyterian church, as was his wife, who was born at Seneca Castle, N. Y., in 1810 and died at Fenton, Mich., in 1893. She was a homeloving woman and the mother of five children, four of whom survive, one having died in infancy. Mr. Beeman's paternal grand- father, Josiah Beeman. a coppersmith by trade, was born in Connecticut but moved to New Jersey when young and later to Phelps, N. Y., where he died. His wife Sally (Crane) Beeman was a native of New Jersey. Going to Michi- gan from New York at the age of 92 years she died at Williamstown in that state, aged 94 years. The parents .of Elmira Colwell Beeman, mother of Newell Beeman, were Daniel and Thankful (Payne) Colwell. natives of Rhode Island. Daniel moved to Seneca Castle. N. Y., " enr- /Toy !ar-J.~ Chic = .^i^^o*^-*^^ PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 99 where he lived the life of a farmer until his death at the age of 75. Thankful Payne left Rhode Island with her parents, who settled at Seneca Castle, N. Y., where she was married with Mr. Beeman and lived to be 87 years old, being- a very charming- and refined old lady. Newell Beeman received his early education at the district school of Phelps, N. Y., and fol- lowing this he attended the Phelps Union Classical School and Bryant & Stratton's Com- mercial College, from which reputable school he was graduated in 1863. His first employ- ment was in a hardware store in Buffalo, N. Y., where he remained for a year and then was engaged in the store of the Russell & Erwin Manufacturing Co., in New York City. Here he remained three years and then went to Ouincy, 111., and worked for the hardware com- pany of Chas. E. Allen about four years, dur- ing which time he was quite an extensive traveler. His next change was to St. Louis where he kept books,, about a year and then re- turned to New York to work in the office of Clark, Wilson & Co., where he remained until 1871, then came to Almy, Wyo., and worked for the Rocky Mountain Coal & Iron Co. for two years, following this employment he took a trip to Texas, staying about a year and re- turned to Almy to resume labor with the com- pany he had left, but this time as super- intendent, and so . he continued until 1886. Meanwhile he had engaged in mercantile ven- tures at Almy and was interested in a store at Evanston, now known as the Beeman & Cashin Mercantile Co. The company he represented as superintendent and manager closing its busi- ness in May, 1900, in 1892 Mr. Beeman moved with his family to Salt Lake City, which city has since been his home. He is a man of business and to business he gives close attention. In addition to the interests already noted he has a branch drygoods store at Rock Springs, Wyo., and is 'interested in the Commercial National Bank of Salt Lake City, having been a mem- ber of its board of directors for several years. Politically he is a Republican and has held county offices in Uinta county at various times. Mr. Beeman was first married in July, 1872, at Phelps, N. Y., with Miss Damaris Peck, a native of Phelps and a daughter of Hiram and Louisa (Wetmore) Peck, her father being a prominent Democrat, at one time sheriff of Ontario county, N. Y., where he passed his life and was buried, his death occurring in 1890. His wife was a native of Western New York, an active member of the Baptist church and a strong temperance worker who died in 1895 and was buried at Phelps. Mrs. Beeman died in 1877 and is also buried at Phelps. She was a noted singer and an active worker in the cir- cles of her Baptist church, being survived by her husband and two daughters, Edna L., Mrs. W. H. Dayton of Salt Lake City, and Damaris A., who resides with her father. Mr. Beeman married his present wife in 1877 at Quincy, III., and she was formerly Miss Anna J. Harvey, born in Ouincy, a daughter of Samuel and Annie G. Harvey. Her father, born in England in 1805, came to the United States when a young man, settled near Ouincy, 111., and fol- lowed farming until his death in the eighties. His wife, Annie G., was born in Germany and came to this country when a child with her parents, who also settled at Quincy, 111., where she is still living. Mr. Beeman has one child by his present wife : Alice J. Beeman. AMBROSE A. HEMLER. From the hills and valleys of southern Penn- sylvania which teem with a thrifty, self-reliant and resourceful population, to the prairies and ranges of eastern Wyoming, as yet almost un- tenanted, which promise bountiful returns for the zeal of the husbandman and ample oppor- tunity for all, is a long step in longitude and conditions, but it is one that rewards those who make it, most repaying them for the loss in volume of associations, number and com- pleteness in educational and civic agencies, set- tledness and security in fiscal and government surroundings, with boundless scope for skill, limitless openings for enterprise, an uncramped field for personal dominion and unmeasured 100 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. readiness and responsiveness of market for every ware they have to offer, whether it be of labor or its fruits. This step has been taken by Ambrose A. Hemler of Crook county, to his ad- vantage. He was born in Adams county, Pa., on September 16, 1852. There his parents, George and Catherine (Smith) Hemler lived and pros- pered, as their forefathers had done for genera- tions; and there in 1871, after a useful life which was ended before its energy was spent, the moth- er was laid to rest. The father is a plasterer by trade, and although advanced in years is still pur- suing his serviceable craft in the place of his na- tivity. Their son Ambrose was educated in the schools of his native county, and two terms in the Conowago Preparatory School in the same state. He then had to quit his studies on account of failing eyesight, and began his business career as a clerk and salesman in a store at Port Carbon in the same state. He followed his service in this capacity with two years of hard work as a fireman on the Philadelphia & Reading Railroad and in 1879 started for the great West, reaching Kansas in the fall and halting there for the winter, the next spring going to Missouri where he worked on a farm for a year. The next year was passed in similar work in Illinois and the next still in Nebraska. In the spring of 1882 he came to South Dakota and during the following two years was employed on a farm near Spear- fish. He then passed two more years working in a sawmill in the Black Hills and in 1886 came to Wyoming and to Crook county. His first employment here was for eighteen months in the service of a large cattle company on Powder River. He then took up the ranch on which he now lives, ten miles north of Sundance, where he has remained and built up an expanding indus- try in ranching and cattleraising, adding to his land as. circumstances permitted or required, now having a considerable body by deed and and more by lease. He is one of the commanding and representative stockmen of the section, and has influence of weight in all the affairs of the county. No enterprise of moment for the im- provement of his portion of the state but feels the impulse of his quickening hand and has the benefit of his wise and active mind. As an evi- dence of his productive and developing tenden- cies, it should be stated that in 1883 he dared danger and exposure in helping to build the telephone line from Deadwood to Custer and Rapid City, S. D. On May 16, 1885, Mr. Hem- ler married with Miss Laura E. White of Spearfish, S. D., where the marriage took place. She was a daughter of Thomas O. and Mary F. (Jack) White, former residents of Missouri where she was born and where her mother died. Her father then removed to Spearfish and there passed the rest of his life. He was a veteran of the Mexican and Civil Wars and a highly esteemed citizen of two states. Mr. and Mrs. Hemler have six children, Francis, George, Charles, Chester, Bryan and Clara. His father was also a veteran of the Civil War, seeing active service in that contest as a member of the One Hundred and Fifty-second Pennsylvania In- fantry. O. RUDOLPH HENKE. The German element in our national life has been prominent in many lines of industrial ac- tivity, also making itself felt in the arts, sciences and not a few of the learned professions and America has not been slow in recognizing and appreciating its eminent influence. The gen- tleman whose name appears above is the son of a typical representative of the Teutonic char- acter and he embodies many of the sturdy phys- ical characteristics and mental attributes for which his ancestors were noted. Richard Henke, father of O. Rudolph Henke, is a native of the province of Posen, Prussia, born on August 3, 1846. He was reared in the town of his birth, and after receiving a strict educational training in the public schools was apprenticed to the trade of machinist, in which he acquired much more than ordinary skill. After working for some years in various shops in his native coun- try he went to Scotland and from 1869 until the breaking out of the Franco-Prussian War he was similarly employed in Glasgow. When the great struggle between Germany and PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 101 France became unavoidable, Mr. Henke re- turned home and joined the German army, with which he served gallantly until Prussia defeated her hereditary enemy after one of the most no- table, and to France one of the most humiliat- ing wars of modern history. For bravery -dis- played in some of the bloodiest battles of the war Mr. Henke received two medals of honor and a bombadier's commission, and when the war closed he returned to his mechanical pur- suits in Glasgow, in which city he was married in 1872. with Miss Christina Appal, a native of the province of Hanover, Germany. After fol- lowing his chosen calling in Scotland until 1881 Mr. Henke came to America, and for about three months worked at his trade in Grand Rapids, Mich., then came to Laramie, Wyo., and obtained a position in the Union Pacific shops, which he held until 1896, and in 1885 he bought a ranch on Sybylle Creek, which he stocked with cattle and placed in the charge of his sons while he continued his work in the shops at Laramie. In 1886 he disposed of his first ranch and in 1888 purchased the improve- ments and filed on his present ranch in the Sybylle district of Laramie county, twenty-four miles southwest of Wheatland, moving to the property eight years later. Since 1896 Mr. Henke has made his home on the ranch and in partnership with his son, who manages the es- tate, he has been engaged in cattleraising upon quite an extensive scale. His life has been active and busy, attended at times by thrilling episodes, especially during his military life, and from the beginning to the present time his ca- reer has been upright, straightforward and in every respect honorable and praiseworthy. He proposes to pass the remainder of his days in the health-inspiring, free outdoor life of the ranch and to enjoy here some of the fruits of his many years of honest industry. While retaining many tender recollections of the Fatherland and losing no jot of his loyalty to its govern- ment, Mr. Henke is a true American and mani- fests a most profound regard for the laws and institutions of his adopted country. He is an excellent citizen, true to his ideals of right, and his character and integrity are above reproach. He is well liked in the community where he lives and enjoys the unbounded confidence of all. Mr. and Mrs. Henke have had five children, Reinhold, Pauline, Rudolph, Richard and Rose. Rudolph Henke, who is his father's partner and business manager, was born in Glasgow, Scot- land, on May 29, 1876, and was about five years old at the time of the family emigration, con- sequently the most of his life has been, spent in the west, under conditions favorable to sturdy physical and mental development. His educa- tional discipline embraces a knowledge of the branches constituting the public school course, but his training in the rugged school of experi- ence has been of a wider range and much more practical nature, eminently fitting him for the duties of a very active and successful business life. Since moving to the ranch in 1886 he has been associated with his father in cattleraising and has earned the reputation of a very careful and far-seeing business man. The place which the two jointly own contains 420 acres of valua- ble grazing land, much of which is susceptible of tillage, though but a small portion is devoted to agriculture. Rudolph Henke is one of the intelligent progressive young men of Laramie county, and has a prosperous business career before him. He is a member of the Modern Woodmen of America, belonging to the local organization at Wheatland. GEORGE P. HERSEY. George P. Hersey, a prominent and success- ful stockgrower of Johnson county, came to Wyoming in 1881 and has since resided within her borders. He was then without capital except his determined and resourceful spirit and his ex- cellent health and experience he has gained in hard knocks in various parts of this country, but he is now one of the substantial and wealthy men of his county. Whatever he has now in worldly possessions he has accumulated in Wyoming and he may therefore be truly called a production of the state as well as a developer of her industries and natural re- 102 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. sources. He was born in far away New Hamp- shire, the son of Stephen and Caroline (Thomp- son) Hersey, natives of Massachusetts. He grew to manhood and was educated in his native state, living on the old homestead and assisting in its health-giving but unremunerative toil, until he was twenty years old. In 1879 he came to Colorado and went to work in a mill and after two years of this occupation removed to Johnson county, Wyo., settling on the Brace ranch. He also took up land in company with Fred Han- chett. In 1886 he sold out to the 4 H Ranch Company and then bought an interest in the en- terprise. He was interested with this outfit ten years when it sold out and in 1887 Mr. Hersey bought a ranch on Rock Creek which he still owns, in 1887 settling on the ranch which is now his home, which consists of 2,200 acres of land under deed and 8,000 acres of leased prem- ises. On this wide expanse of territory he has large herds of fine cattle, the most of his output being high-grade Herefords. In all matters of benefit and utility to the section in which he lives Mr. Hersey takes an earnest interest. He is treasurer and one of the leading stockholders of the Clouds Peak Reservoir Co., and has given much time and energy to its development and the proper application of its benefits. In 1891, at Butler, Mo., he was married with Miss Georgia Basma, a native of Michigan. They have one child, their daughter Myrtle. Their home is one of the pleasant resorts of the neighborhood, where their friends always find a hearty welcome and a generous hospitality and where the stranger can confidently enter an open cloor and find pleasant entertainment. HON. WM. A. HOCKER, M. D. It is indeed a truism 'that "He serves God best who best serves his fellow men", and there is no branch of human endeavor or profession existence wherein its truth is so fully demon- strated as in the medical profession. The highest type of man is the successful physician, who through love of humanity gives freely of his time and talents to the relief of tbe afflicted. Among this high class Doctor Hocker stands out prominently, for he is one of the ablest re- presentatives of this noble profession in the state, having for a series of years been identified with extensive medical practice in various portions of Wyoming and also having been worthily intrusted with public office and responsibilities of a grave and momentous character. He is now an honored citizen of Kemmerer, where he is established in the practice of both medicine and surgery. He was born in Lincoln county, Ky., a son of Tillman and Sarah (Morrison) Hocker, natives of Kentucky but of Virginia ancestry. His father was a farmer and stockman and his mother traces her lineage in a direct line to William Tell, the hero of Switzerland. To the early educational training of Doctor Hocker at the schools of Hustonville, Ky., a literary course was added at the Christian College and thereafter he gave his definite attention to the technical and scientific studies necessary to obtain a thorough medical education at the celebrated Bellevue Med- ical College of New York City, from which su- perior institution he graduated in 1868. Engaging in practice for his initial location at Harrison- ville, Mo., he soon demonstrated that he was well and ably equipped for his high profession, five years thereafter changing his location to Evans- ton, Wyo., and here there was but a brief pas- sage of time before popular recognition of his talents and professional worth was accorded and his reputation as one of the representative med- ical men of the state stands in evidence of his just deserts. He soon became the physician and surgeon of the Union Pacific at Evanston and acquired a large patronage from the best citi- zens of the community. After twenty-five years of residence in Evanston he removed to Kem- merer, where he is now actively engaged in medical duties. In addition to a large and in- creasing list of private patrons he is the phy- sician and surgeon of the Kemmerer Coal Co., and of the Oregon Short Line Railroad. A pro- nounced and outspoken Democrat, he had not been long in the state before recognition of his ability as a wise counsellor was shown, and he was elected as a countv commissioner and his PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 103 two years' service in this office was followed by his election to the lower house of the State Legis- lature, and he was there distinctively honored in his election to fill the dignified office of president of the council. Thinking that his services to his constituents and state would be of more advan- tage if given on the floor of the house he declined the high honor and did faithful labor for two successive years as a, working member in the house. The results he obtained were so marked that the people of his district elected him in due season to the Senate where he displayed the same statesmanship and legislative qualities as in the house, winning high commendations both as a speaker and as a far-seeing, conservative, yet public-spirited legislator. His earnest efforts in helping to organize and secure the establishment of the State Insane Asylum will long stand to his credit with the people of Wyoming and its organization was very largely due to his earnest efforts. Upon its creation he became its super- intendent for two years, doing excellent service in this formative period of its history by plac- ing its administration on broad and scientific foundations. He personally attended to the re- moval of the state's insane wards from Jackson- ville, 111., to Evanston, and although there were two full carloads of patients there was not an accident nor a death while in transit. His party associates in Wyoming have held him in high honor, for during his incumbency of the chair- manship of the Democratic County Committee the party won every campaign, and he has been a delegate to every state convention since be- coming a citizen of the state, being also a dele- gate from Wyoming to the Democratic National Convention at Cincinnati where General Hancock received the presidential nomination. He also held the appointment of register of the U. S. land office at Evanston for four years during the administration of President Cleveland. Fraternally Doctor Hocker is identified with the Knights of Pythias at Diamondville, is a char- ter member of the lodge at Evanston and a past chancellor commander of the order. He is also a member of the Eagles, the United Workmen and of the Home Forum. Dr. Hocker wedded with Miss Alice Reynolds at Evanston on March 13, 1873. She is a daughter of John and Alice Reynolds and was born at Galveston, Tex., where her parents died of yellow fever when she was an infant. She was thereafter reared to womanhood in the cultured home of her maternal uncle, Col. R. C. Wood, a prominent Confederate officer. Their family embraces these children ; Robert, a popular dentist of Kemmerer; Woody, wife of Frank Manley, chief engineer of the U. P. Coal Co., at Rock Springs ; Edith, wife of Frank Lander of Evanston ; Effie, wife of Thom- as Davis, the master mechanic of the U.P. mines at Cumberland; Jennie, a student of the state university in the class of 1901 and 1902 and Florence and Reynolds, who are attending the Evanston high school. Doctor and Mrs. Hocker are acknowledged leaders in those social circles where refinement and culture are in evidence and the entire family enjoy a marked popu- larity. In the midst of the multitudinous de- mands placed upon him by the practice work of his profession and the high official trusts he has held, the Doctor has never failed in thoroughly reading the best literature of his profession, keeping fully abreast of the wonderful advances in the sciences of medicine and surg'ery, and per- sonally contributing to such advances through his experiences in clinical work and his original thought and investigation, though his innate modesty and unpretentious attitude are such that he is signally free from self-adulation. A. D. HOSKINS. This gentleman, who at the present writing is conducting a prosperous mercantile business at Granger, Wyoming, where he is also the pop- ular and efficient postmaster, has experienced the varying conditions of life in the Mississippi Valley, of a range rider in Nebraska and of a successful and prosperous business man in Wyoming. Through all the devious windings of these various states of existence Mr. Hoskins has kept steadily one object in view, to attain a station of high financial standing and probity, and, like all things steadily and persistingly fol- 104 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. lowed, this result has been attained, Mr. Hos- kins being one of the prominent and representa- tive business men of a wide extent of country. In the attainment of his purpose he has how- ever never sacrificed the amenities of life to gain, but has been generous and public-spirited and has acquired and kept a large circle of friends, who value him for his intrinsic worth. He was born on February 17, 1861, in Marshall county, 111., where his father for years con- ducted agricultural operations, but now main- tains his home near Fairfield, Neb. He was the son of Leonard and Lottie (Taylor) Hoskins, both being natives of Ohio. His paternal grandfather, John Hoskins, a son of Silas Hos- kins, a Virginian, a saddler by trade and a sol- dier of the War of 1812, was a native and a long time resident of Ohio, where he married Eliza Bonham, and was a farmer. He showed the patriotic and military spirit that apparently has been the heritage of the family for many past generations, and gave loyal service to his country under Generals Scott and Taylor in the hotly contested battles of the Mexican War. A. D. Hoskins was the third of eight children com- posing his father's family and three others are now living, Florence A., now Mrs. Charles L. Lewis of Fairfield, Neb. ; Fairy R., Mrs. Charles Rau of Fairfield, Neb.; Elizabeth T., Mrs. Charles Randall of Lincoln, Neb. After his . education was acquired in the Illinois schools Mr. Hoskins identified himself with western life in Nebraska by becoming a range rider, con- tinuing to be thus employed from 1879 to 1890, acquiring skill in this employment of hardihood and giving honest and satisfactory returns for his wages. His advent in Wyoming was in 1880, his Nebraska life being of short duration. From this- time onward he was engaged in vari- ous occupations at Evanston and elsewhere, which under his manipulation gave satisfactory financial results. He gave initiation to his mer- cantile life at Hilliard, where for five years he was engaged in trade, in the fall of 1897 he lo- cated at Granger, and he has here conducted a business which is rapidly assuming proportions of great scope and importance. In 1899 he opened his present store and in October was commissioned postmaster, still retaining its in- cumbency. A full line of general merchandise, selected for and well suited to the demands of his large range of patrons is here displayed, and also a comprehensive stock of groceries, dry- goods, light hardware, etc., etc. The success of the undertaking indicates that the future will be fraught with decidedly advantageous com- mercial operations. He has also business inter- ests of importance at Kemmerer. He is fra- ternally connected with the Odd Fellows as a member of the Evanston lodge, and holds mem- bership with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks at Salt Lake City. On February 5, 1899, in Ogden, Utah, Mr. Hoskins was united in marriage with Miss Rose Davidson, a daughter of Thomas and Nancy A. (McBride) Davidson, natives of Indiana and now residents of Eldo- rado, Kan. In all the relations of life Mr. Hos- kins holds an exalted position, winning and re- taining the friendship of the community, while his home is a center of gracious hospitality. In political relations he is an active and assiduous member of the Republican party. HARRY BURT JENNINGS. The gentleman whose name opens this bi- ography, although young in years, has attained considerable prominence in Carbon county, Wyoming, where he is now serving as county clerk, having been elected in 1901 on the Re- publican ticket. He was born in 1872 at Ris- ing Sun, Polk county, Iowa, and is a son of James B. and Mary L. (Raybuck) Jennings. James B. Jennings was born in Green county. Pa., in 1840, and served an apprenticeship at blacksmithing, and worked at that trade until the breaking out of the Civil War, when he en- listed in the Fifth Pennsylvania Cavalry, in which he was appointed first sergeant. He served with undisputed bravery and commend- able devotion to duty until captured by the en- emy and confined in Libby Prison at Richmond, Va., until released in 1863. He was mustered out in 1865 with the rank of brevet-lieutenant, in PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 105 recognition of valiant conduct on the field. After the close of his war services Mr. Jen- nings came to Wyoming as quartermaster for the Indians at Bryan's Station, where he re- mained until 1 88 1 ; then he went to Rock Springs, Sweetwater county, for a short time and in 1882 came to Rawlins. He is now en- gaged in active mining operations at Grand En- campment, which he is prosecuting with his usual energy, untiring vigor and satisfactory results. He is a strong Republican in politics, has served his party one term (1895) in the Wyoming legislature and is very popular throughout Carbon county. Mrs. Mary L. (Raybuck) Jennings, the mother of Harry Burt Jennings, was born in Washington county, Pa., in 1840, and is a daughter of John P. and Mary L. (Harmon) Raybuck. She was reared, edu- cated and married in her native state and in early womanhood was a prominent teacher. After coming to Wyoming she served several years as school superintendent for Carbon county when it comprised all the territory ex- tending from Colorado to Montana, and was probably one of the most intellectual women of the far West. Harry Burt Jennings was gradu- ated from the Lincoln Business College in June, 1888, and almost immediately afterwards en- tered the office of the Union Pacific Railroad at Rawlins as messenger, and from this humble position was promoted regularly to ticket agent, his promotions being earned through at- tention to duty and personal merit. So satisfac- tory were his services that he was retained in the employ of the company for ten years, and he left only to enter upon the field of politics and public life, which his growing popularity had made peculiarly alluring and tempting. The first public position held by him was that of doorkeeper of the Wyoming senate. This posi- tion he relinquished to become secretary for J. W. Hugus & Co. at Rawlins, which he sat- isfactorily filled for six years. He next served for two years, to the eminent satisfaction of all concerned, as city clerk of Rawlins and in 1 90 1 he was elected on the Republican ticket county clerk of Carbon county — the position he still so ably fills. H. B. Jennings was most hap- pily united in marriage on June 21, 1894, with Miss Ethel Maxfield, the accomplished daugh- ter of C. W. Maxfield, the present county com- missioner of Carbon county. To this felicitious union have been born two children, Richard and Estella. Mr. Jennings has been very fortunate since coming to Carbon county, but this is chiefly owing to his personal merits and close attention to the interests of those by whom he has been employed, and to the able manner in which he has performed the duties pertaining to the various positions he has filled, backed by unswerving integrity. GUSTAVE AND CLEMENT E. JENSEN. Among the successful young business men of Wyoming who are doing so much to develop the resources of the young commonwealth and to lay here the firm foundations of one of the great states of the Union, none stand higher than the subjects of this brief review, the brothers Gustave and Clement E. Jensen of Saratoga. They are natives of the old historic city of Green Bay, Wisconsin, and are the sons of Clement E. and Jennie A. (Blickfeldt) Jen- sen, the former a native of Christiana, Norway, and the latter of the city of Bergen, in the same country. Gustave Jensen was born on April 15, i860, and Clement E. on August 2, 1870. The father, who was engaged in commercial pursuits in his native land of Norway, disposed of his interests there and emigrated to America during the fifties. He first located in the city, of Quebec, in the Dominion of Canada, soon, however, removing to Buffalo, N. Y., where he was in business for a number of years, thence removing to Green Bay, Wis. Here he estab- lished himself in business and was for many years the representative of the well-known house of A. Booth & Co., being their purchas- ing agent for Wisconsin and Michigan, and car- ried on a large and extensive business in that line. Subsequently he engaged in business for himself, and in all his enterprises met with marked success, being one of the leading busi- io6 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. ness men of that section of the country. Gus- tave Jensen, the older of the two brothers, grew to man's estate in his native city of Green Bay, and received his elementary education in the public schools of that place. When he had at- tained to the age of seventeen years the desire to make his own way in the world induced him to leave school and to seek his fortune in the far West. He therefore left the home and scenes of his childhood and early manhood and removed to Nebraska, where he remained for about five years engaged in ranching and stock- raising with an uncle who was a resident of that state. In 1883 he disposed of his interests in Nebraska to accept a government position in the then territory of Dakota. He remained in this occupation for four years, and then re- moved to the western portion of Nebraska, where he engaged in mercantile pursuits. Owing to the dry seasons which there prevailed for some years, his business was not as profit- able as it otherwise would have been, and in 1891 he sold to good advantage and removed to Wyoming. Here he established himself at Saratoga, where he has since remained, becom- ing one of the most successful and progressive business men of that section of the state. His firm does an extensive business, and its opera- tions extend throughout the state. Clement E. Jensen, the junior member of the firm of Gus- tave Jensen & Bro., passed his early days at Green Bay, Wis., and he there attended school until he was prepared to enter upon his career in the mercantile world. After completing his education he accepted a position in a hardware store in Green Bay and for a number of years was there engaged in that occupation. In 1891 he came to Wyoming and entered into business with his brother for about two years, when he returned to Wisconsin and became manager of a company controlling three mercantile establishments, with head- ■ quarters at Iron Mountain, Mich. In February, 1898, he resigned this position and again joined his brother at Saratoga, Wyo. They then formed the well-known firm of Gustave Jensen .. & Bro., which has since been engaged in busi- ness at that place, and has been uniformly suc- cessful in all its operations. They handle hard- ware, furniture, farm implements and mining supplies, and also conduct an undertaking de- partment. In the latter branch they are the pioneer business men of Saratoga. They oc- cupy and own a large two-story brick block' in the business center of the city, having large show windows and a great amount of room for the accommodation of their extensive stock. In addition to their other property holdings, the older brother is the owner and proprietor of the Jensen opera house at Saratoga, and he is serving his second term in the responsible posi- tion of postmaster. The younger brother was a member of the first city government of Sara- toga and in all matters calculated to promote the public welfare, the brothers always take a foremost place. In January, 1896, Gustave Jensen was united in marriage at Cheyenne, Wyo., with Miss Mary Stoy, the daughter of the Rev. W. H. Stoy, an Episcopal clergyman, who is now residing at Marysville, Calif. To their union have been born two children, Anna and Regena, both of whom are living, and the family home in Saratoga is noted for the generous and re- fined hospitality which they take pleasure in dispensing to their large circle of friends and acquaintances. On March 8, 1899, Clement E. Jensen was married at Eaton Rapids, Mich., with Miss Mary P. Leisenring, the daughter of John W. Leisenring, a well-known and highly respected citizen of Michigan, who is engaged in contracting and building. The two Jensen brothers are numbered among the ablest and most enterprising business men of their section and enjoy the confidence of all classes. Progres- sive, courteous in their relations with their pa- trons, and unfailing in the discharge of every business obligation, they have built up a large and steadilv increasing business and are among the most valued citizens of their county. They have mining as well as commercial interests, and Gustave Jensen is the president of the Badger State Mining and Milling Co.. which owns valuable mining property which it has been operating with considerable success. By PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 107 their enterprise and public spirit they have done much to build up the city of Saratoga and to settle up the surrounding country. Fraternally the brothers are affiliated with the Masonic fra- ternity and take an active interest in all char- itable and fraternal matters. Politically they are stanch members of the Republican party, conscientious and able advocates of the prin- ciples of that political organization. Their suc- cess demonstrates what is possible of accom- plishment in this country by men of ability, un- failing integrity and determined purpose. JOHN JOHNSON. One of the extensive cattleraisers and rep- resentative business men of Laramie county, is John Johnson, an American by adoption, his birth occurring on June 23, 1857, in far away Sweden, being the son of Olaf and Mary (Olson) Johnson, both natives of Sweden, and the father a farmer. The early life of Mr. John- son was passed at and near the place of his birth and he grew to maturity familiar with the varied duties of farm life, and on attaining his majority began life for himself as a tiller of the soil, remaining in his native land until 1882. when he came to the United States and for a limited period stoppped in Cheyenne, Wyo., thence going to Horseshoe Creek, where he took up land and engaged in raising a fine breed of cattle. During the ensuing seven years he devoted his attention closely to this business and realized liberal returns, accumulating a fortune of no small magnitude. In the fall of 1888 he added to his- possessions by taking up land on Mule Creek, one mile from his present ranch, and brought his cattle to the place in the spring of 1889. After two years in that lo- cality in 1 89 1 he took charge of the Jones ranch of the Swan Land and Cattle Co. and has man- aged the business affairs of that corporation ever since, looking after his own large stock in- terests at the same time. Mr. Johnson is a man of acknowledged business ability, and as foreman of the above ranch has demonstrated his aptitude and capacity for large undertak- ings. While managing the company's affairs with consummate skill, he does little active work, the condition of his health being such as to prevent him from doing anything except to direct the labor of others. In consequence of his invalid condition much of the responsibil- ity of his own and the company's business has fallen upon his son Victor, a young man of ex- cellent judgment and superior business qualifi- cations. Mr. Johnson has also in his wife an able assistant and willing coadjutor, she being a lady of much more than ordinary mental en- dowment and possessing abilities of a high or- der, she has borne her full share of responsibil- ity in carrying out her husband's plans, and much of the success with which his efforts have been crowned is directly attributable to her wise counsel and cooperation. Mr. Johnson and family own a large amount of valuable grazing land, 720 acres of which lies on Mule Creek in the immediate vicinity of the home- stead. Their cattle interests are extensive and yield them a large income in addition to the liberal remuneration received for managing the 500-acre ranch of the Swan Co. The latter ranch is also heavily stocked and no little abil- ity and energy are required to conduct the busi- ness successfully. The Johnson family is widely and favorably known throughout the county of Laramie and enjoys more than local reputation in business and social circles, standing high in the esteem of all who know them, the sons and daughters by their courteous conduct winning also an abiding place in the affections of their numerous friends. Mrs. Johnson's maiden name was also Johnson, her parents being John and Anna Johnson, both of Scandinavian birth, and her birth occurring in Sweden, where she was married with her husband on November' 14, 1877. Her children are as follows: Anna B., Victor J., Minnie H., died September 28, 1898: Oscar J. and Mary J., twins. The family are members of the Lutheran church and noted for their piety and zeal, while Mr. Johnson is also identified with the Woodmen of the World, the son, Victor, belonging to the Modern Woodmen of America. io8 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. OSGOOD JOHNSON. A progressive ranch and cattleman of Lar- amie county, Wyoming, is Osgood Johnson, whose address is Uva. A native of Maryland, he was born in Baltimore, on January 6, 1862, the son of James H. and Sarah E. (Jones) Johnson, the former a native of Massachuetts and the latter of Maryland. The father was en- gaged in business as a commission merchant in the city of Baltimore, Md., in which he was oc- cupied up to the time of his decease, which oc- curred in 1884, and his remains lie buried in Baltimore, where all his active life was passed. The mother passed away in 1871, and is buried by the side of her husband. Osgood Johnson grew to man's estate in his native city of Balti- more and received there his early educational training, subsequently attending the academy situated at Kennett Square, Pa., where he pur- sued a thorough course of study for three years, when he returned to his Baltimore home and com- pleted his education. He then engaged in business with his father for two years, when desiring to make his own way in the world he came to the then territory of Wyoming, arriving in Cheyenne in the spring of 1882, soon after securing a po- sition with the National Cattle Co., for the pur- pose of acquiring a practical knowledge of the business. Later, when this company was merged in the Swan Land and Cattle Co., he continued in the employ of the latter company until 1886. He then purchased a ranch on Fish Creek about twenty miles west of Uva, Laramie county and entered upon the business of raising cattle, in which he remained, having a marked success and making this place his home until 1895, when he purchased the ranch on the Laramie River about two and one-half miles west of Uva where he now resides, and thither removed his residence although still remaining the owner of both places. Here he has very successfully contin- ued in the business of raising cattle and is now the owner of 640 acres of land, well fenced and improved, with a large herd of cattle, and is con- sidered as one of the substantial property owners and one of the most enterprising cattle men of that section of the state. On September 23, 1896, at Cheyenne, Wyo., Mr. Johnson was united in marriage with Miss Minnie L. Gape, a native of Ohio and the daughter of Joseph and Sarah Gape, both natives of England, who emigrated from their native country in early life and settled in Ohio, in 1878 removing their resi- dence to the territory of Wyoming, where they established their home in Cheyenne where they are still residing, highly respected citizens of their adopted state. The family are members of the Protestant Episcopal church, and are sin- cerely interested in all works of religion and charity in the community where they reside. Mr. Johnson is affiliated with the Masonic order, be- ing a member of the lodge at Wheatland, Wyo., and politically he is a stanch member of the Republican party, and a loyal supporter of the principles of that organization. He has never either sought or desired public position, pre- ferring to give his entire time and attention to the care and management of his extensive busi- ness interests. He is held in high esteem by all -classes of his fellow citizens. AUGUSTINE KENDALL. In the life of Augustine Keadall whose honorable course as a business man and citizen has conferred dignity upon himself and added to the good name of the city in which he resides, the reader will find a practical exemplification of those deep underlying principles of sterling man- hood that seldom fail to win success. Of strong mentality and invincible integrity, he has so entered into the business life of this section as to make his presence felt as a director of thought and molder of opinion in all matters coming within his special province. Honored by being placed at the head of one of the impor- tant monetary institutes of the state, he has now much more than local repute as an enterpris- ing man of affairs and is widely known among the leading financiers of Wyoming - . His birth occurred on July 26, 1863, in Ontario. Can., but his father, Daniel S. Kendall, was born in Bos- ton, Mass., in 1814, the son of a former mayor of PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 109 that city who owned a large and very valuable estate there and in the immediate vicinity. D. S. Kendall was the owner of a line of ships and in the spice trade he acquired a large fortune. At the breaking out of the Civil War he sold his vessels and moved to Ontario, where he lived in retirement until his death in 1877. His wife, Margaret (Greggan) Kendall, was born in Ireland, and departed this life in 1897 at the age of sixty-two and now lies by her husband in the beautiful cemetery at Boston. Augustine Ken- dall passed the years of his childhood and youth in Ontario with the best educational advantages his native place afforded. At the age of eigh- teen he went to Laramie, Wyo., and accepted a clerical position in the Wyoming National Bank, the duties of which he discharged for about one year. He then entered the First National Bank of Laramie and after remaining with that institu- tion for four years came to Rock Springs as cashier of the Sweetwater County Bank since then merged into the First National Bank. Mr. Kendall continued in the capacity of cashier un- til the death of the president, when at the earnest solicitation of the directorate he was elected to the vacancy and has since been the executive head of the bank. He is familiar with every detail of the banking business and possesses soundness of judgement, keenness of discrimination and a comprehensive knowledge of the principles of finance. He is active and vigilant in his care for the interests of stockholders and depositors. Though prudent and at all times conservative in the management of his important trusts, he has carried financial success with all his enterprises, and by 'judicious investments and skillful over- sight has acquired an ample fortune. Aside from banking he is largely interested in the sheep industry, which returns him a liberal in- come, and is connected with other business en- terprises. In a marked degree he possesses those sound and practical qualities which secure and retain the confidence of the people, and his per- sonal and social habits win public esteem. His well balanced mind has been developed and strengthened by liberal culture and reading, and all who come within the range of his personality pronounce him a true type of the courteous and dignified gentleman. His friendships are deep and strong, his disposition cheerful and genial, and his character open and frank. These admir- able qualities combined with a strong sense of honor, an earnestness of purpose that hesitates at no difficulties, may be classified among the more prominent characteristics in the make up of this man, whose life, measured by the true standard of excellence, has been and is destined to be a potential power for good in the business and social world. Although well informed con- cerning the great issues of the day and having earnest convictions upon the public questions now before the American people, Mr. Kendall has no political aspirations; preferring his busi- ness and the domain of private citizenship to any official honors within the gift of the people. He is deservingly popular with the citizens of his town and county and in a quiet and unobtrusive way has done many kind acts of charity of which the world knows nothing. Fraternally he is a Freemason, being one of the brightest members of the lodge meeting in Rock Springs. ' FOSTER KEARNS. One of the progressive citizens of Carbon county, Wyoming, whose enterprise has con- tributed much to the development of that sec- tion of the state, is Foster Kearns, whose ad- dress is Collins, Wyo. A native of Clearfield county, Pa., he was born on January 1, 1861, the son of Foster and Eliza (Dillon) Kearns, the former a native of Ireland and the latter of the Keystone state. The father came from his native country in early life and established his home near Phillipsburg, Pa., and engaged in coal mining. He lost his life from an accident in a mine shortly after the birth of his son Foster, who after the unfortunate death of his father availed himself to the best advantage of his limited opportunities for obtaining an edu- cation. He was compelled to leave school in early life and find employment to aid in the support of his mother and the family. Securing a position in a lumber yard for a time he no PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMIXG. learned the trade of millwright, an occupation for which he had a natural aptitude. When he was sixteen years of age he was run over by a logging team and so seriously injured as to necessitate the amputation of his left leg. He was confined for some time in the hospital and later returned to the lumbering business, in which he continued until he was twenty-one years old. He then left Pennsylvania and re- moved to Kansas for one summer, then going on to the then territory of Wyoming, arriving there in the fall of 1882. Establishing his head- quarters at Laramie City, he engaged in freighting from that place to the mines of the Encampment district, and continued in this pur- suit with considerable success for about two years, when he removed to Beaver Creek in Carbon county, located a ranch and engaged in ranching and kindred pursuits. Subsequently he disposed of this property and located an- other place on Encampment Creek, later taking up a second place on the same creek. These ranches he improved and developed, subse- quently sold for a good figure and again re- moved to Beaver Creek, where he remained es- tablished in the stock business until 1901. Dur- ing this time he became quite extensively inter- ested in both cattle and horses, and carried on a successful business. In 1901 he disposed of his interests and devoted his time largely to mining. From 1888 to 1898 he was engaged in developing a claim he had in the copper belt at the head of Little Beaver Creek. In the lat- ter year he organized the Kearns Consolidated Copper Mining Co., to operate this property more extensively. He is its president, and the com- pany controls 240 acres of mining ground, 160 acres platted as a town site and a large amount of development work has been projected. The. town is named Dowington, in honor of the Dowington Bros, of Denver, who are largely interested in the company. In addition to his other important holdings Mr. Kearns is the owner of several other valuable claims in the vicinity, which promise to make him one of the wealthy men of that section. In August, 1901, lie erected a store building at Dowington and engaged in general merchandising. This ven- ture has proved to be a success, and his busi- ness is steadily increasing from the rapid set- tlement of the adjacent mining country. On April 19, 1885, Mr. Kearns was united in mar- riage with Miss Celestia Piatt, a native of Iowa, and the daughter of Henry Piatt, a na- tive of Washington county, Pa. Her paternal grandfather was also a Pennsylvania!!, who re- moved to Ohio, where he established his resi- dence in Guernsey county and engaged in farm- ing, in which he continued up to the time of his death. Her father then removed to Rich- land county, Ohio, where he remained for a number of years, and then resided in Iowa until 1885, when he removed to the then territory of Wyoming. He is still residing in this state, in the enjoyment of good health, although he has reached the advanced age of eighty-three years. Mr. Kearns is a director in the Copper State Bank of Encampment, one of the heav- iest stockholders in that institution. He is a successful man of business, whose energy and ability have been very instrumental in drawing the attention of capital to the great resources of this section of Wyoming, and in settling up the country and building up its industries. It is such men as he that build up prosperous com- munities throughout the western country and bring civilization out of barbarism and sav- agery. His activity and business success, in spite of the physical misfortune which he sus- tained in early life, have been remarkable, and lie is held in high esteem. WILLIAM L. KEYES. A successful breeder of fine stock giving special attention to the Shorthorn breeds, is the subject of this sketch, William L. Keyes, a leading citizen of Albany county. Wyoming, whose residence is in the vicinity of Tie Siding", about twenty-five miles south of the city of Laramie. He was born in Nova Scotia in 1845, the son of William and Sarah Jane (Logan) Keyes, both natives of the same country. The father was born in the vear 181 8 and followed PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. in farming in his native country until 1884, when he retired from business life and made his home with his daughter, Mrs. W. R. Williams, in the vicinity of Tie Siding, Wyo., where he passed the evening of his long and useful life in the ease and comfort to which his years of indus- try and unremitting effort had so justly entitled him, dying in November, 1894. He was the son of James and Ann (Whittier) Keyes, also natives of Nova Scotia, the mother being born in 1814, the daughter of William and Sarah (Ellis) Lo- gan, both natives of Nova Scotia. The father's life business was civil engineering, but he was also a successful teacher for a portion of his life. He passed away in 1862, at the age of seventy years, and was buried in his native country. William L. Keyes grew to manhood in Nova Scotia, receiving his early education in the public schools of that province. Upon arriving at the age of twenty-one years he left the home of his childhood and began life for himself, engaging in farming in the vicnity of his former home for a short time. Believing that he could improve his condition and find better business opportunities in the United States, in 1865 he came to Massachusetts and in the county of Middlesex engaged in farming for two years. He moved from Massachusetts to Minnesota, where he engaged in lumbering with varying success for about five years. He then returned to his old home in Nova Scotia, where he remained for about three years engaged in farming. During this time he married in 1876 with Miss Nancy Carroll, a daughter of John and Jane (Greno) Carroll, her parents as well as herself being Nova Scotians, the birth of her father taking place in 1810 and his death in 1879. Mr. Keyes removed with his family from Nova Scotia to the territory of Wyoming in 1879. I n the vicinity of his present residence in Albany county he located a ranch and began the business of raising cattle, also purchasing a hotel property at Tie Siding and conducting it in connection with his ranching operations about eight years, then purchased the ranch which he now occupies, where he has since been engaged in cattleraising, being now the owner of a fine, well improved ranch and having a good herd of Shorthorn stock. Mr. and Mrs. Keyes have five children, Carrie, Harry, Amy, Willis and an infant (deceased), the family be- ing one of the most respected in the commu- nity where they reside. JAMES KIRKPATRICK. For the voyager who has been true to his course, however storm-tossed and weary, there is even on this side of the grave a haven where wind and wave disturb not, or are felt but as gentle undulations of the unrippled and mir- roring- waters. This haven is a serene and hale old age. The tired traveler has abandoned the jostling and crowded highways of life. The din of traffic and of worldly strife have no longer magic for his ear. He has run his race of toil, or trade, or ambition. His day's work is accomplished and he has come home to en- joy, tranquil and unharassed, the splendor of the sunset, the milder glories of late evening. Such as this is the condition of James Kirkpat- rick of near Banner in Sheridan county, who being now near the age of fourscore is enjoy- ing the few remaining years of a useful life in peace after many trials, having comfort after much of hazard and privation. He was born in Ohio on October 12, 1826, the son of Abraham and Mary (Marrett) Kirkpatrick, who emi- grated from their native state of Pennsylvania to Ohio in the early days of its history, and were pioneers there, as their son has been in two states since their day. He was reared on the* farm and educated at the little country schoolhouse near his home. When he reached the age of twenty-one he engaged in farming near his father's place, but in 1854, moved by the frontier spirit he had inherited from his parents and their ancestors, he moved into Il- linois, then a newly opened country in the far West, and locating in Adams county not far from the great Father of Waters, he there passed near- ly thirty years as a successful farmer, beholding that country come forth at the persuasive voice of systematic cultivation to fruitfulness and 112 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. comeliness and contributing his due portion of the labor and care necessary to bring about that result. He enlisted at Quincy, 111., in the Union army in September, 1861, served three years, was in several battles and in one was badly wounded by a gunshot and still carries the ball. Another ball passed through his body from above the right hip, coming out above the left hip, his horse being killed under him at the same time. He was mustered out at Little Rock, Ark., in August, 1864, being in the Third Missouri Cavalry. In 1883 he came to Wyom- ing and settled in Sheridan county, where he took up a homestead and engaged in farming and stockgrowing until he retired a few years ago from active pursuits. He has a fine farm and is well-to-do and safely established in the affectionate regard and esteem of his fellows among whom he has lived and labored. For thirty-five years he has been a member of the Masonic order, always taking great interest in its progress and the meetings of his lodge, at- tending when he could and keeping alive in his memory and his life its exalted teachings. In 1847 ne was married in Ohio with Miss Eliza- beth Hoskins, a native of that state, who for fifty-three years walked life's troubled way with him and then, in 1900, passed over to those ac- tivities that know no weariness, leaving six children surviving her, William, a resident of Durango, Colo.; Albert; James W., a prosper- ous stockgrower of this county ; Lillie M., mar- ried to Charles B. Holmes, county clerk of Sheridan county ; J. F., a farmer and stock- grower of this county, with whom Mr. Kirk- patrick now makes his home; Ella E., the w,ife of Oscar Mull of Quincy, 111. Another daugh- ter, Mary, is deceased. GEORGE KUNTZMAN. One of the leading young business men of the important mining town of Encampment, one who has done much to build up that place and to draw the attention of capital to the resources of this section of the state, is George Kuntzman, the sub- ject of this sketch. He is a native of Dubuque, Iowa, born on April 9, 1867, the son of George and Margaret (Schmidt) Kuntzman, both na- tives of Germany. The father came to America from the Fatherland in early life and located for some time in the city of New York and then re- moved to Iowa, where he established his home in Dubuque, and engaged in a successful boot and shoe business, and continued in trade until his death in 1882. His son George giew to manhood in his native city, acquired his elementary edu- cation in the public schools and then entered the Bayless Business College and pursued a thorough course of study and training for a business ca- reer. Here he was distinguished for his pro- ficiency in his studies, especially so for his superior penmanship, being one of the finest pen- men ever graduated from that institution. His skill in this respect was so marked as to be the subject of frequent comment by his instructors as well as by his business associates and friends, and even now he has few if any superiors in that accomplishment. Upon completing his course at the business college, he entered the employ of Peter Kiene & Sons, the leading real-estate firm of Dubuque, and remained with that house for about four years. His superiority as a business man and accountant was . so marked, that he was offered and accepted a position as accountant for the Reliance Mutual Insurance Co., which had been organized by some of the leading busi- ness men and capitalists of the city, resigning that position after five years service to accept a position with the Iowa Mutual Building and Loan Association and was practically the busi- ness manager of that company for six years. His close attention to business was such that his health failed, and he was compelled to re- sign his position and remove to Colorado Springs, Colo. Here he remained for some time, and his health improving, he removed to the new town of Grand Encampment, Wyo.. in 1897. among the earliest settlers of that place, where he opened a real-estate office, handling both real- estate and mining property in the vicinity. In partnership with Hon. C. P. Clemmons. now mayor of Saratoga, he organized the first min- ing company of Grand Encampment, and has PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. "3 teen very "successful in his operations in both mines and real-estate. He was the promoter and one of the chief owners of the Moon Anchor Cop- per Mining Co., which owns one of the most promising copper mines in that section of the state, of which he is the vice-president and fiscal agent. He also organized the Sun Anchor Copper Mining Co., which controls valuable copper prop- erty in the Encampment district. Besides his other property interests in this section of Wyo- ming, he is the owner of a large number of town lots in Grand Encampment and has property ad- joining the townsite, which is rapidly increas- ing in value, being one of the large property own- ers of the county. On September 1, 1893, Mr. Kuntzman was united in marriage at Dubuque, Iowa, with Miss Annie Driscoll, the daughter of Daniel and Marie Driscoll. The parents of Mrs. Kuntzman passed away while she was an infant, and she attained womanhood in the fam- ily of elder sisters. Mr. and Mrs. Kuntzman are the parents of a son, George, Jr., born August 7, 1902. Fraternally Mr. Kuntzman is affiliated with the Masonic order, being a member of Cheyenne Consistory No. 1, and the secretary of the lodge at Encampment. He is also a member of the Modern Woodmen of America and the Knights of Pythias, and has "passed the chairs" of the latter order. He is a man of abil- ity, progressive and 'enterprising in business, and foremost in every movement for the ad- vantage of his section of the state. He is one of the pioneers of the community where he maintains his home, and is held in the highest esteem by his fellow citizens. KENNETH McDONALD. How many times the student of Scottish his- tory has read with bated breath of the gallant and romantic exploits of the McDonalds, as for generation after generation they have had no small part in forming and deciding great af- fairs of s'tate by their valor, their statesmanship, and even by their misfortunes. The name has ^ch^Uj /jf^M?-*^^^ PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 163 career has furnished a high example of civic virtue, alike creditable to himself and honorable to his state. PATTEN A. SHEPARD. Conspicious among the representative agricul- turists of Laramie county and enjoying marked prestige as a citizen is the well-known and popu- lar gentleman, a review of whose life is presented in the following paragraphs. Patten A. Shepard in a native of Ralls county, Missouri, where his birth occurred on February 9, 1869. His parents William B. and Nancy (Wilson) Shepard, were natives of Indiana but moved to Missouri at the close of the Civil War settling in Ralls county where they lived until their removal to the county of Audrain about 1880. William B. Shepard was a farmer and stockraiser and wherever he lived earned the reputation of being a good man and useful citizen. He followed agriculture in Missouri until 1894 when he came to Laramie county, Wyo., purchasing a farm about two miles north of Wheatland where he lived until his re- tirement from active life a few years ago. His home is now in the town of Wheatland, where in rest and quietude he is enjoying the fruits of his many years of activity. Mrs. Shepard departed this life in Missouri and was buried near her former home. Patten A. Shepard was reared in Missouri on the home farm and enjoyed the ad- vantages of a common school education. He as- sisted his father with the manifold duties neces- sary to the successful prosecution of agricultural labor and in 1894 accompanied the family to Wyoming since which time he has been busily engaged cultivating the farm on which they set- tled. When his father retired from active life he took possession of the place which he now owns. He has brought it to a successful state of cultivation, made many valuable improvements and by industry and good management has be- come one of the successful agriculturists and re- presentative men of his county. On .June 14, 1900 was solemnized the marriage ceremony of Mr. Shepard and Miss Hulda Akerblade, a native of Nebraska and a daughter of Isaac and 10 Matilda (Anderson) Akerblade, both parents having been born in Sweden. Mr. Akerblade and wife came to the United States in 1869 and for some time thereafter lived in Brooklyn, N. Y. Later they moved to Polk county, Neb., settling at Osceola, whereMr. Akerblade worked at his trade of tailoring. Some years ago he changed his abode to Laramie county, Wyo., where he is still living, his wife dying at Wheatland, on De- cember 29, 1897. Mr. and Mrs. Shepard have one bright and winsome daughter, Vesta May. Mr. Shepard is an earnest supporter of the Re- publican party, but has no aspirations for official honors or public distinction. Fraternally he is identified with the Modern Woodmen of Amer- ica, belonging to Wheatland Camp, No. 449. The family is associated with the best society circles of the community, and he is an up-to- date farmer with the true western spirit of en- terprise, and discharging the duties of citizenship as becomes an intelligent and loyal American. ANEN SIMMONS. Among the early pioneers of Wyoming, whose endeavors and sacrifices in behalf of good government did so much in building up the institutions of the state, and who have passed away from the scenes of their activity, no one left behind him a name held in higher esteem than did Anen Simmons, the subject of this review. ■ He was a type of the best citizen- ship of foreign birth, for coming to this country at the early age of ten years, he brought with him from his native country of Norway, the habits of thrift, loyalty to principle and fidelity to established institutions which characterize that hardy race, and which enabled him to carve out for himself in this country of his adoption a career which should furnish a model for his children and his children's children for many generations. He was born on September 13, 1848, and emigrated from Norway to this coun- try with his parents in 1858, they first settling in Minnesota, near Duluth. Here the father en- gaged in farming for some time, and then re- moved to Iowa, where he settled upon a farm 164 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. near Cedar Rapids. The son Anen attended the public schools of Minnesota and Iowa, and received such early education as the limited op- portunities of that time permitted. But the most of his studying was done at his home, where his habits of industry enabled him to ac- quire a good practical education, and he was noted in after life for the breadth and accuracy of his information. In 1866, when but eighteen years of age, filled with an ambition to make his own way in the world, and to carve out for himself a fortune in the new country of the West, he left his Iowa home and came to the frontier territory of Nebraska. After remain- ing there a short time he continued his journey into Wyoming, being the first man to arrive at Camp Carlin, at the time the Union Pacific Railroad was in construction through that coun- try. Here he secured employment as a cook for the army officers stationed at that camp, at which employment he continued for some time, and then removed to Cheyenne, Wyo., and in 1869 opened the Eagle Hotel in that city. This was one of the first hotels of Cheyenne, and he conducted it successfully and prosperously for five years until his hotel building was destroyed by fire in 1874. Not discouraged by his loss, the following year he erected a larger and bet- ter building on the same site, and continued to conduct a popular hotel business. His hotel was located on Seventeenth street and was one of the leading hostelries of Cheyenne. In 1886 he disposed of his hotel property at a handsome figure, and purchased the fine ranch now owned and conducted by his widow, Mrs. Elizabeth Lawrence Simmons, and their son, William A. Simmons, on the Middle Crow Creek, about twenty-one miles west of Cheyenne, and here he continued to be engaged successfully in cat- tleraising until his lamented death, which oc- curred on June 19, 1899, and he was buried in the city of Cheyenne, the capital of the state which was the scene of the activities of his busy and useful life. On September 13, 1871, at the city of Cheyenne, Mr. Simmons was united in marriage with Miss Elizabeth Lawrence, and the daughter of John and Mary (Pierce) Lawrence, both natives of England where she was born. The father was a mechanic for long years in his native country. He emigrated to America in 1857 and settled first at De Soto, Wis., as a mechanic. In 1868 he removed his residence to Nebraska and established himself in business at Columbus. Here he remained until 1885, when he went on a visit to his old home in Eng- land and while there was taken with sudden ill- ness and died, leaving considerable property at his home in Columbus, Neb. The mother is still living and makes her residence in Cheyenne. Two children were born to bless the union of Mr. and Mrs. Simmons, Alena, who died at the age of eight years and is buried at Cheyenne, and William A., who resides on the home ranch and admirably carries on the business estab- lished by his father. Anen Simmons was a stanch adherent of the Republican party, ever loyal to its principles and its candidates. Dur- ing his residence in Cheyenne he took an active and leading part in public affairs, and his sup- port was eagerly sought by those ambitious to be elected to public office. He never sought or desired any political position for himself, preferring to devote his time and ability to the management of his private affairs. He was a whole-souled, deserving and successful man, whose judgment was seldom in error and whose friendship was valued by all. He was true to his friends, faithful to his obligations and un- failing in his support of every measure calcu- lated to benefit the community or promote the public welfare. His industry and ability accu- mulated a handsome fortune for the loved ones whom he left behind. His widow, compelled bv delicate health to remove from Wyoming after the death of her husband, now resides in the beautiful city of San Jose, California, where she has a pleasant home and is surrounded by all the comforts that wealth and the devotion of her children can supply, being a devout mem- ber of the Presbyterian church and deeply in- terested in its works of charity and religion. The son, William A. Simmons, under whose management the Wyoming business is now con- ducted, and who resides at the old home at PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 165 Hecla, is one of the prominent young business men of the state and a worthy successor of his father. Since the death of the latter the son has had entire charge of the business, and has carried it on along the lines mapped out by the father with marked ability and success. He has steadily added to the value of the property and is destined to become one of the. wealthy men of Wyoming. On April 3, 1901, he wedded with Miss Marie H. Laubli, a native of Switzerland, the ceremony taking place in Cheyenne. Their home is one noted for its many comforts and evidences of refinement, and they find pleasure in here dispensing a generous and gracious hospitality. Mr. Sim- mons is affiliated with the Modern Woodmen of America, and with the Woodmen of the World, holding membership at Cheyenne. Po- litically, like his father, he is a stanch member of the Republican party and a loyal supporter of its principles. ALFRED SMITH. While Wyoming is more generally known by reason of its great mineral productions, un- developed mines and natural resources, it also enjoys a high reputation for extensive ranches devoted to the production of high grade cattle, horses and sheep, an industry that has engaged the attention of capitalists from abroad and been the means of placing the thrifty settler in the front rank of prosperity. Agriculture has also come rapidly to the front as one of the chief sources of wealth and in connection with the stock business it has 'served as the founda- tion of general prosperity and not infrequently of fortune to those engaged in it. Among the successful agriculturists and stockmen of Laramie county, who have won recognition and added luster to the localities in which they re- side, Alfred Smith of Banks is a conspicuous example. He comes of an old eastern family and traces his genealogy in this country to an early period in tbe history of New Jersey. His parents, Peter and Mary (Daly) Smith, both natives of that state, soon after their marriage went to New York, and in 1832 to Champaign county, Ohio, where the father engaged in farm- ing and there and in Logan county he lived and flourished until 1850, when he sold his inter- ests and removed to Mahaska county, la., where he followed farming until his death on June 26, 1 891, his wife surviving him until 1895, when she, too, was laid to rest in the cemetery at Oskaloosa. Their son Alfred passed his childhood and youth on the family homestead in Iowa, whe-re he was born on March 1, 1853, enjoying such educational privileges as the pub- lic schools afforded and remaining at home until nearly eighteen years old, assisting his father with the varied labors on the farm. In 1 871 he went to Marshalltown and found em- ployment as a farm hand and continued work- ing in that capacity until 1875, when after spending the winter in Missouri, he returned home and again assisted his father on the farm. From the fall of 1876 until 1883 he resided in Illinois, when he once more took up his abode in his native county as a farmer. This business he conducted there with success until some years later he located in Scott's Bluff county, Neb., where he took up land and devoted his at- tention to farming until April, 1893, when he came to Wyoming, there entering the employ of the Swan Land & Cattle Co., as foreman of Rock ranch on the Platte River and holding this important position until December 3, 1901, when he resigned and took up his residence on an adjoining ranch which had come into his possession in 1897. Previous to locating on his own place he erected thereon a fine two- story stone dwelling, fitted with modern con- veniences, it being the first and by far the largest and most complete structure of the kind on the Platte River. He also built substantial barns and other outbuildings, and made other essential improvements so as to properly equip the place for properly carrying on farm- ing and stockraising on an extensive scale. In addition to his home place, which consists of 300 acres of rich tillable land twenty-three miles east of Fort Laramie, he owns 390 acres in Scott's Bluff county, Neb. He is deeply and earnestly in- 1 66 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. terested in breeding and rearing fine grades of live stock and has large herds in excellent con- dition. He has spared no pains or expense in beautifying and adding to the attractiveness of his elegant home, and having one of the finest landed estates in the county, he is well situated to enjoy the fruits of his many years of labor and success. In numerous ways Mr. Smith has exhibited a public spirit and that desire for the general good which marks him as a man of broad and enlightened ideas, one that intuitively sees the needs of the community and suggests the means of providing for them speedily and effectively. He has been a stimulating force to his people and through his influence the ma- terial interests of his section have been largely enhanced and its social conditions correspond- ingly benefited. He is 'widely known and highly esteemed and his dealings with his fellowmen have been characterized by the integrity and sense of honor always to be found in the true gentleman and the really enterprising and wise man of affairs. He was married at Toulon, 111., on December 24, 1881, with Miss Mattie Mc- Compsey, daughter of Charles and Mary C. (Godfrey) McCompsey, natives of Illinois but now residents of Scott's Bluff county, Neb. The Smiths have an interesting family of five chil- dren, Eunice, Benjamin F., Ada, Ettie and Hazel. JOSEPH R. SLAUGHTER. Among the successful and industrious ranch- men of his section of the state, Mr. Joseph R. Slaughter is one of the most popular. For over twenty years he has maintained his home in Wyoming and is a true pioneer, for he has been during all these years connected with stock- growing, and knows full well all that life can present in that field of endeavor, in which he has attained prosperity and the good opinion of his associates. He was born in Athens count}", Ohio, on February 5, i860, the son of John and Mary (Durant) Slaughter, the father being a native of the same state and the mother of Pennsylvania. The family came to Denver when Joseph was but a few months old, so that prac- tically all his life has been passed in the West, his father dying within a short time after mak- ing Colorado his home, after which the mother with an older daughter and her young son made her residence in Denver, there remaining and being the mother of two sons by a second mar- riage, and all of them retain their home in Col- orado. The early youth of Mr. Slaughter was passed in Boulder and Longmont, Colorado, and in 1878, he went to the eastern portion of the state, where he remained until the fall of 1880, and then came to Wyoming, in which state he has since resided, and was employed on a ranch situated northeast of Cheyenne for a year, then coming to Converse county, he was in the em- ploy of the H Company for nearly ten years as a range rider, he being well fitted for and enjoy- ing that strenuous life. Having by this time ac- quired a thorough and practical knowledge of the range and its possibilities in the way of stock- raising, he engaged in business for himself, de- voting his attention largely to the sheep industry, but also having a bunch of cattle, taking up a homestead on Deer Creek, where he continued to make his headquarters until 1900, then selling this property, he in association with O. A. Pat- zold purchased 960 acres of land on Box Elder and Willow creeks and they have since con- ducted the sheep business there with success and a rapidly increasing prosperity, usually running 10,000 head. Mr. Slaughter thoroughly under- stands his business and is in constant touch with all the improvements of the day in relation to Wyoming's great agricultural resources, being a member of the executive committee of the Glenrock Wool Growers' Association. In fra- ternal relations he is a master mason and a member of the Modern Woodmen of America, and the Woodmen of the World. His sympa- thies are actively in favor of the Republican po- litical party, was elected a member of the lower house of the seventh state legislature from Con- verse county in November progressive man and 1902. leinsr a a good citizen he has many friends. Mr. Slaughter has been twice married, first on Tune 21, 1886, to Mrs. PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 167 Ella Slaymaker, a sister of Mrs. Chas. Rice of La Prele, (see sketch). She died on February 19, 1899, an d ° n J u ly 10, 1901, he married with Miss Emma Kimball, a daughter of E. H. and Elizabeth M. (Smith) Kimball, of whom ex- tended mention is made on other pages of this book home in Glenrock Mr. and Mrs. Slaughter maintain their IRVIN N. SMITH. The prolific grain and hay region of Wyo- ming, known as Canyon Creek Prairie, yields abundant harvests to the toil and hopes of the husbandman. Nature there is generously prov- ident, asking only that her reasonable require- ments in the way of care in planting and judg- ment in cultivation be met, and she responds with the fullness of plenty to all proper efforts. The needs of the section in this respect are well supplied by the energetic, progressive and diligent population whom favoring fortune has led to its fertile acres ; and among them, conspicuous for skillful farming and judicious activity in stockraising, is Irvin N. Smith, who has come to his present estate through efforts in many lines of work and several promising lo- calities. He was born at Carlinville, Macoupin county, HI., on January 30, 1865, the son of John and Louisa (Clark) Smith, also natives of Illi- nois. The father was a prosperous farmer in Macoupin county until 1882 when he removed with his family to Hamilton county, Neb., and there took up land on which he lived and farmed until his death in August, 1898, and the mother is still living there. Mr. Smith received his education in the public schools of his native county, and in 1882, when he was seventeen, he accompanied his parents to their new home in Nebraska, remaining with them until he was of age and working on the farm. In 1887 he began his advance toward his present home, passing two years in Colorado, working in different parts of the state, generally on ranches. He then came to Wyoming and after working one season in a hotel at Buffalo, lo- cated at Cambria, attracted bv its coal mines in which he worked for eight years. In 1897 he homesteaded a part of his present ranch on Can- yon Springs Prairie, nineteen miles northeast of Newcastle, and from that time he has de- voted his energies to ranching and cattleraising, building- up a profitable industry and adding to his estate until he now has 480 acres, a large portion being under cultivation and yielding ex- cellent crops of grain, hay, potatoes and other farm products, the residue providing a desir- able range for his cattle. Mr. Smith is looked upon as a leading man in his lines and his aid and advice in matters of public local interest are' much sought and valued, while in politics he is an active Democrat and gives his party good service. On February 29, 1887, at Hamp- ton, Neb., he was married with Miss Nannie Zook, a native of Illinois and daughter of David and Lydia (Shick) Zook. Her father was a farmer in Ohio and afterwards in Nebraska. For a number of years he was also engaged in business in Hampton as a dealer in agricul- tural implements. For some years now he has been living retired from active pursuits, en- joying the rest he has richly earned, surrounded by a large body of admiring friends and fellow citizens. Mr. and Mrs. Smith have two chil- dren, S. Elgin and L. Ariel. Their home is a center of generous hospitality and they have a host of friends throughout the surrounding country. Just in the prime of life, with all his faculties in full vigor and secure in the esteem of his fellowmen, Mr. Smith has a promising fu- ture of credit and usefulness before him. JOHN R. SMITH. A pioneer of Wyoming, settling within her wild and unbroken domain in 1866 when the adventurous foot of the white man was first invading it, John R. Smith, one of the leading stockmen and farmers and an influential and productive force in public local affairs in John- son county, has seen the beginning of the state's history, has watched her progress, has aided in the development of her civil, industrial and commercial institutions and has helped ma- 1 68 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. terially to form and build her political and edu- cational institutions. He was born in Belmont county, Ohio, on April 25, 1844, the son of George and Elizabeth (Shoup) Smith, the for- mer a native of Maryland and the latter of Germany. When he was eleven years old he removed with his parents to Indiana and there lived until 1861, attending school and assisting on the farm. When the great cloud of the Civil War darkened our land he promptly enlisted in defense of the Union in Co. H, (Morton Rifles) Thirty-fourth Indiana Regiment, and served four years and seven months, participating in many hard fought battles, even to the very latest struggle, in which he bore a creditable part. He was the color-bearer of his regiment, and always in the thick of the fight. He also saw arduous and very trying service against the Indians, and bears upon his body the scars from wounds received on the field. After the close of the war he came to Wyoming, es- tablishing headquarters where the town of Buffalo now stands and conducted a freight- ing business between Fort Phil Kearney and Fort Smith for a time and later between Sedg- wick in Kansas and Denver and Golden in Colorado, thereafter returning to Wyoming and locating at Horseshoe near Fairmount, there engaging in farming and raising stock until the Indians burnt him out, when lie went to the mining districts and mined for a short period, then entered the service of the U. S. govern- ment carrying despatches from Camp Stamba to Fort Washakie. In this vocation he had many thrilling adventures with the Indians and constantly carried his life in his hands. The savages were hostile, alert and determined ; he was vigilant, courageous and resourceful. He triumphed over all their arts, demonstrating the superiority of the trained intellect over natural cunning. In 1876 he joined General Crook's expedition against the savages, coming with this great commander to Wyoming as a scout. He also conducted a sutler's store in this cam- paign and later had a contract to furnish beef for Crook's army. In 1887 he settled where he now lives, locating on the first government land taken up in the neighborhood and digging the first irrigating ditch in this part of the coun- try. From the first he has been actively en- gaged in raising cattle and horses and improv- ing his land. He now owns 720 acres, admir- ably adapted to ranching, and here breeds fine Percheron horses, conducting the business with vigor and success. In politics Mr. Smith is an ardent and zealous Democrat, but in local af- fairs is more of a patriot than a partisan. He was one of the first board of commissioners for Johnson county and helped to organize the new county and his war experience and the as- sociations and recollections belonging to it have made him a loyal and enthusiastic mem- ber of the G. A. R. In November, 1870, he married with Miss x\gnes D. Delaney, a native of Ireland. They have four children, Alfred M., a prominent stockman of Johnson county ; Mary E., Wyoming and George E. All are natives of Wyoming and residents of the state, contributing to its advancement and adorning its citizenship. OLIVER C. SMITH. A typical representative of the best element of New England life, Oliver C. Smith is a scion of one of the oldest Colonial families of Massachusetts. His ancestors were among the early English emigrants of that grand old com- monwealth and their names figure prominently in the early annals of New England. Oliver Smith, his great-grandfather, held a captain's commission in the American army of the Revo- lution and was one of four brothers that took part in that struggle. He was born in the Massachusetts Colony, where his father settled in 1 O36. Among the children of Captain Smith was a son, also named Oliver, whose birth oc- curred in Walpole, Mass., in 1762. He joined the Colonial army at the age of sixteen and distinguished himself for brave and gallant service in the Revolutionary army until inde- pendence was secured. When a young man he married Hannah Fails and turned his atten- tion to agricultural pursuits which he followed PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 169 until his death. David Smith, son of Oliver and Hannah Smith, was born in Walpole on February 26, 1798, and also' following farming as a vocation. He married Miss Maria Cook, whose birth occurred at Wrentham, Mass., in 1799, and died when his son, of whom we now write, was about eight years old. Mrs. Smith was the daughter of Reuben Cook, born in 1768, the son of Daniel Cook, both natives of the Old Bay State. Reuben was also a tiller of the soil and passed most of his life near the place of his birth and died at Belchertown in 1849, Mrs. Smith dying in 1877. She was a woman of strong mentality, beautiful Christian character and actuated by a laudable ambition to succeed in the world and to have her children win useful stations in life. David Smith is re- membered as a kind-hearted, good-natured man, whose aim in life was to provide well for his family and do the right as he saw and under- stood the right. He was industrious, honor- able and upright, and a most excellent and ex- emplary citizen. Oliver C. Smith, the direct subject of this review, was born in Pelham, Mass., on April 19, 1825. Early deprived of a father's care he was reared by his mother, who spared no pains in looking after his edu- cation and instilling into his young mind those principles of moral rectitude by which his life has been so largely controlled. He was reared to share the labors and pleasures incident to farm life and after acquiring a preliminary training in the common schools, continued his education in Amherst Academy, an institution noted for the high order of its instruction. On quitting school Mr. Smith taught for two years in Orange county, N. Y., and then took up the carpenter's trade which he followed for six years in his native state, then engaging in rail- road construction, taking contracts in various parts of the United States and continuing the work until about 1874, when he came to Rock Springs, Wyo., and entered the mercantile busi- ness. He was one of -the pioneer merchants of Rock Springs and did a large and lucrative business, by diligent application and successful management, amassing a competence of suf- ficient magnitude to enable him to pass the remainder of his life in honorable retirement, retiring at the close of the nineteenth century. His life has been a notable example of those sound and correct business principles which secure success and retain public confidence and esteem, and no man in Rock Springs enjoys in greater measure the high regard of all classes of people or has shown himself more worthy of this regard. Mr. Smith has been twice married, the first time in 1845, a ^ Enfield, Mass., with Miss Jane Rass, a daughter of Rev. Robinson C. and Mary Ann (Pickum) Rass. The father being a native of Smithfield, R. I., and for many years an able minister of the Baptist church, passing nearly all his active life in Massachusetts and dying in 1850, at the age of fifty, his wife living to be eighty-six years old. Mrs. Smith departed this life in 1862, leaving five children, Mrs. Henrietta Thayer, Eugene, Mrs. Fannie Gable, Gilbert and Oliver. Mr. Smith's second marriage was solemnized in 1868 with Lucy Wellman, who bore him one daughter, Fredda. In 1901 the angel of death again invaded the household and took there- from this devoted and faithful wife, leaving him desolate indeed. Cheered by an abiding faith in Him who doeth all things well and believing that the afflictions and bereavements of this life are a part of God's wisely ordained plans, he bows submissively beneath the rod, looking forward to a joyful reunion under happier con- ditions than the poor earth-life can afford. Mrs. Smith was a devoted Christian lady, whose life, consecrated to the service of the Master, was influential for great good in the home, the church and the community. Mr. Smith is a man of strong religious convictions and abid- ing faith. He helped to organize the first church established in Rock Springs and has been an active member to the present time. He has also been quite prominent in public and political affairs and for eleven years faithfully served as postmaster of his city. He possesses a cultivated mind, enriched by study and in- telligent observation, and has long been a leader in local intellectual circles. In private life he I/O PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. is genial, urbane and a courteous gentleman of the old school. His attractive home is the center of a free and genuine hospitality ; here, surrounded by friends endeared to him by years of kind deeds and agreeable association, he finds that solace and repose in the inter- change of neighborly offices without which life would be divested of much of its charm. WILLIAM FARRALL SMITH. Prominent among the progressive ranch- men and cattlemen in, the Redwater section of Crook county, where he conducts farming and a stock ranch, where he is raising cattle and horses, leading the pleasant life of a country gentleman, William F. Smith has been one of the developing and inspiring forces of mental, moral and commercial advancement for his county and one of the political agencies which have given its public policy proper trend and healthy growth. He is a native of Wallasey, Cheshire, England, where he was born on June 26, 1845, a son of Samuel and Mary (Farrall) Smith, also natives of that interesting region. His father was an intelligent and influential farmer who came with his family to the United States in 1850, landing at New Orleans and proceeding from there to Warren county, Ohio, where he again engaged in farming for five years, in 1855 removing to Audubon county, Iowa, then on the far frontier, where he took up government land and followed his customary vocation until his death in 1869, his devoted wife preceding -him to the spirit world in 1857. Their son William F. Smith was educated in the schools of Audubon county and Des Moines, Iowa. In 1861 he enlisted in Co. L, Fourth Iowa Cavalry, and followed the flag of his adopted country through the awful experi- ences of the Civil War, being honorably dis- charged on September 2, 1865. Most of his service was in the department of the Mississippi under General Grant, and in the battles fought by that great commander he bore himself with conspicuous bravery, especially at Vicksburg, where as a sharpshooter he was exposed to con- stant danger of death and in 1864 he was pro- moted to company bugler. At the close of the war Mr. Smith's restless energy required suitable occupation amid the fruitful pursuits of peace, for his four years service in the field, which be- gan when he was sixteen and brought him to face a brave and determined foe in more than twenty battles and a large number of skirmishes, and gave him every form of military experience where hardship, privation or hazard was at hand, had for a time at least, unfitted him for a humdrum life. He engaged in commercial business but soon finding this too monotonous, sold out his interest and drove an ox team across the plains to Denver, finding in the trip the very spice of danger that his spirit required. In Colorado he went to work on a ranch at $52 a month and his board and from that time until the summer of 1884, when he located on the homestead near Spearfish which he now oc- cupies, he was oscillating between the West and the East, now living at his old home in Exira, Iowa, and again at Cheyenne, where he found the population too tough for his enjoy- ment, then he was at the end of the Union Pacific tracks at Medicine Bow River and next at Iron Mountain, whither he went with Her- man Haas for a load of iron ore to be sent east for analysis, braving the dangers of hostile Indians who were then on the warpath, elud- ing their vigilance by traveling at night, secur- ing his load of ore and returning safely with it to Cheyenne, in Colorado, working on the same ranch that had previously 'had his services, at Greeley, at Bentonville. Ark., back in Iowa, where he was married on January 1. 1873, with Miss C. A. Hamlin of Exira, return- ing- with his bride to Greeley and remaining un- til May, 1879, when he again took up his resi- dence in Iowa and for two years farmed his father-in-law's farm. In 1S81 his health failed and he applied for a pension for disabilities in- curred in service. He received this in 1882, the arrears amounting to $1,317. and. buying a team with necessary equipment, he started in December, T883. for the Black Hills of Wyo- ming, wintering near Chamberlain, S. D.. ami PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 171 arriving at Spearfish early in the following spring. Near there he took up a preemption claim of 160 acres, bought twenty-one head of cattle and went to work as a farmer ; later tak- ing up a homestead claim of 160 acres adjoining his preemption, and he is still living on the land, conducting a farming and stock business of expanding value and importance, improving his land and its appurtenances and keeping its ap- pliances up-to-date in every particular. Not- withstanding his busy and adventurous life, Mr. Smith has never lost interest in public af- fairs, contributing freely of his time and energy to the welfare of every enterprise for the ad- vancement of the community. He is an ardent Republican in politics, and has done yeoman service in the cause of his party in many hotly contested campaigns. He has served his peo- ple as road supervisor, is now school trustee, and in November, 1900, was elected to the state legislature by a majority of 196 votes, this being twenty-five or thirty more than his party's strength. Mr. Smith has high standards of conduct and is a gentleman of character and standing. He is a total abstainer from intoxi- cants, never gambles or sports in any way and, like his father and all other members of his family, has never been arrested or had a law- suit. His family consists of himself, his wife, three sons and one daughter. The daughter, Irene J., is a popular teacher, and he has one adopted daughter, Lillie, aged 15 years. The eldest son, William Edwin, was born in Colo- rado in 1874; Ralph Farrall in 1878; Charles Farrall in Crook county, Wyo., in 1884. Two of the brothers of Mr. Smith were also soldiers for the Union in the Civil War, each serving four years, and another could not go because too young. The postoffice of Farrall, which Mr. Smith had established and which bears his mother's maiden name, was conducted by him for four years and a half. His home has been a center of generous but unostentatious hospitality, giving cheerfully to the guest and stranger alike the best of its entertainment, and from it have emanated influences of great benefit to the community in fostering schools. churches and other moral agencies, healthful commercial enterprises and every element of safe and substantial progress. A candid, out- spoken man, of positive convictions and fearless courage in asserting them, Mr. Smith is free from the despotism of opinion, both from others over him and from him over others. CHARLES F. SODERGREEN. A successful stockman of Albany county, Wyoming, and one who is prominent in the Grand Army circles of the state as well as in the councils of the Republican party, Charles F. Sodergreen is one of the leading citizens of Woods Landing, Wyo. Born in 1842 he is a native of Sweden, and the son of Charles and Susanna (Johnson) Sodergreen, both natives of the same country. His father was born in 1817 and followed the occupation of farming in his native country until 1852, when he came to America. Here he first established his home near the city of Jamestown, N. Y., and there engaged in farming for about one year ( when he removed his residence to Warren county, Pa., there continuing agricultural pursuits and residing .until his death in 1901. The mother was born in 1818 and was the parent of four children, two boys and two girls, and passed away in Warren county, Pa., in 1861, her maiden name being Johnson. The subject of this sketch received his early education in the public schools of Warren county, Pa., availing himself of such -limited educational opportuni- ties as were at his command. In 1861 he re- sponded to the call of President Lincoln for troops to defend the integrity of the Union, and enlisted in Co. D, One Hundred and Eleventh Pa. Regiment, for service in the Civil War. He served for over one year and then was seriously wounded at the battle of An- tietam and taken to the army hospital at Smoke- town, Md., where he remained for some time re- covering from the effects of his injuries, and in 1863 he was mustered out of the service on ac- count of his wounds and returned to his Warren county home. Here he resided as a farmer until 172 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 1868, when believing that he could improve his condition and possibly make his fortune in the new country then being opened to settle- ment west of the Missouri River, he came to the city of Cheyenne, Wyo., and for about two months he was endeavoring to secure the best information as to a place for location and then came to the city of Laramie. He resided here about one year and then accepted a position in the construction department of the Union Pacific Railroad in western Wyoming, and was engaged in that employment about one year. In 1870 he removed to Colorado and remaining there for one year he returned to Wyoming and to Laramie, once more entering the employ of the Union Pacific. He continued in this labor until 1874, making his headquarters at Laramie. In 1874 he purchased a ranch and engaged in raising horses and cattle, and this profitable line of endeavor he has continued to the pres- ent time, and has met with marked success, being the owner of a fine ranch of over 1,400 acres of land, well improved, fenced and pro- vided with the buildings and appliances for suc- cessful stockraising. He owns a large herd of cattle of the finest graded quality and takes especial pride in his stock of three-fourths Here- ford and one-fourth Durham, finding that cross to produce animals of the best grade, and his herd is a noted one in that section of Wyoming. In 1872 Mr. Sodergreen was united in mar- riage to Miss Johana M. Headmall, a native of Sweden and the daughter of Johnson Headmall, a respected citizen of that country. To their union was born one child, William, who is still living. She passed away in 1891, and is buried at Laramie. In 1893 ne was again married, his present wife having been Miss Tillie Ander- son, also a native of Sweden. They have one son, Axel L. Mr. Sodergreen is an active mem- ber of the Grand Army of the Republic, deeply interested in all matters affecting the welfare of that great organization. Politically, he is a stanch adherent of the Republican party, prominent in the councils of that party in Albany county. He is one of the most highly respected citizens of his section of the state. WILLIAM H. SOLLIDAY. It requires the highest natural ability and a constructive energy of unusual force to produce a self-made man even in these days of Amer- ica's wonderful opportunities, and when we find a man of that character it becomes at once a matter of public interest to know how and by what means he has climbed the ladder of suc- cess and attained a marked prominence in busi- ness and social circles. The career of William H. Solliday of Opal, Wyoming, offers us ample material for such a story. He was born in Mont- gomery county, Pa., nine miles from Philadel- phia, on June 25, 1852, the son of Sylvester and Sarah (Krier) Solliday, the father being a na- tive of Berlin, Germany, and the mother of Irish extraction. Sylvester Solliday was a well-ed- ucated man and a cabinetmaker of more than ordinary skill. With strong mental powers and force, he had many original ideas and did not care whether his thoughts and expressions found favor with others or not. He was a veteran of the Confederate army, was placed under arrest as a confederate in the plot of assassinating Pres- ident Lincoln, and died soon after the close of the Civil War, his widow surviving him until September, 1877, when she closed her eyes to earthly scenes in the old Pennsylvania home. They had thirteen children, of whom William H. was the sixth, and five are now living. The devastations of the Civil War made an early im- pression on the life of the subject of this review. His parental home was in the state of Delaware, exactly in the line of the advance of the northern troops, who freed the negroes and destroyed all the destructible property on the home estate and forced the family from their home as fugitives. Mr. Solliday was then a lad of but ten years, and with a maturity far beyond his years he commenced the struggle for existence for him- self by making his way to Texas where he was engaged on a cattle ranch until 1873, in the free life of the range developing those powers of endurance and hardihood that have been pow- erful aids to his success. In 1873 he went to Nebraska, continuing range riding there until PROGRESSIVE MEN 'OF WYOMING. 173 1878,. then coming to Wyoming he followed the same vocation until 1896, acting also as a messen- ger or carrier for Beckwith, Quinn & Co., from 1881 to 1885. Daring, resolute and courageous, he possessed the necessary elements of character to render his services most valuable as a supporter of law and of order and for four years of his messenger life was a most capable deputy sheriff under Sheriff Joseph Kane. The education of schools and its advantages were denied to Mr. Solliday, yet in the school of actual experience and through observation and his own efforts he' has received a better education for his purposes than that obtained solely from books. In 1896 he engaged in the livery, feed and stage busi- ness at Opal and forthwith found his services and teams in great demand in the transportation of tourists to the National Park. He has been prosperous and acquired enough of this world's goods to be counted among the leading and solid men of his section of the state. He is now the owner of the livery and of the saloon, both well paying properties, has quite a large interest in the Hydro-Carbon Co., owning and controlling 20,000 acres of the most valuable oil, gas and coal lands, located near the fossil oil fields of Uinta county, and other properties of value. He is one of the country's progressive citizens and his influence as an oldtimer is far reaching, and as he has always taken a conspicuous part in public matters, he has been able to accomplish much good. Socially he has a large number of friends and fraternally he is connected with the Knights of Pythias as a member of Manila Lodge at Diamondville, Wyoming. In political relations he is strongly in accord with the Republican party, whose principles and policies he has done much to advance. The family relations of Mr. Solliday are extremely pleasant, he having been united in matrimony with the capable and intel- ligent Mrs. Lourinda (Cole) Lancaster at Salt Lake City, on June 5, 1899. She is a daughter of Charles Cole, a pioneer settler of Ord, Neb., and her first husband was William Lancaster, a native of Indiana and a skilled cabinetmaker. The family circle of this felicitous union con- tains five children, Margaret, Mrs. C Harden- burg of Opal, Wyo. ; Merrill, now of Ogden, Utah; Lula; Earl; Fern; the last three residing with Mr. and Mrs. Solliday. Mrs. Solliday has many valuable qualities of estimable value in this new section and, like her husband, enjoys the esteem of the community. GEORGE WHISTLER SPENCER. Born in the city of Philadelphia, Pa., on March 8, 1854, the childhood and youth of George W. Spencer, one of the representative and progressive ranchmen of Canyon Springs Prairie in Weston county, Wyo., were darkened by the dense shadow of the Civil War, which de- prived him of both parents and left him to the care of strangers when he was ten years old. His parents were George and Mary A. (Bene- dict) Whistler, also Pennsylvanians by nativity. The father was a bricklayer by trade and his peaceful industry was broken up by the call for volunteers to defend the integrity of the Union and he enlisted in 1861 as a member of Co. K, Ninety-first Pa. Infantry, serving in the field until he was sent home on account of injuries received in the South, and on March 1, 1864, he died from those injuries in a military hospi- tal in Philadelphia. Twelve days later, on March 13, 1864, his widow followed him to the spirit land, leaving her son George, then ten years old, to the care of his uncle, Stephen Spencer, of Indianapolis, Ind., who adopted him and gave him his name. There the sorrow- ing orphan found a comfortable home and at- tended school until 1868 when his uncle re- moved to Newark, N. J., and he continued his education in the schools of that city. At an early age he left school and went to work in a hat factory in New York City. In 1870 he came to Cheyenne, Wyo., and engaged in a commission business, hauling his goods, which consisted mainly of garden vegetables, from Colorado with his own teams. His business was extensive and profitable and in its exacting re- quirements he found pleasant occupation and the basis of his present financial independence. From 1878 to 1880 he was at Omaha, Neb., i?4 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING: dealing in hogs for the packing houses of that busy emporium. In the autumn of 1880, after working a few months in New Mexico for the Rio Grande Railroad, he located on a home- stead in Rooks county, Kan., and farmed it until June, 1891, when he came to> Wyoming, intending to locate on Canyon Springs Prairie, but was unable to homestead there because of his preliminary proceedings of the same char- acter in Kansas. But as soon as he was able to establish the fact that he had not proved up on his Kansas claim he took up his present ranch twenty-five miles north of Newcastle, which has since been his home and the re- cipient of his energetic labors. It consists of 200 acres of superior farming and grazing land and yields abundant harvests of cereals and hay and supports a fine herd of cattle, besides being a center of comfortable hospitality for all who come that way. Mr. Spencer was married in Cheyenne on December 20, 1876, with Miss Hattie Allen, a native of Iowa and a daughter of William and Charlotte (Sams) Allen, a sister of Mrs. Josiah E. Strong of this county, more- extended mention of her parents being made in the sketch of Mr. Strong on another page of this volume. Mr. and Mrs. Spencer have three children, Bertha W., now Mrs. P. W. Shaffer, Martha W. and Lizzie W., now Mrs. H. G. Ackley. In politics Mr. Spencer is a Republi- can, but no partisan zeal narrows his vision in matters which affect the welfare of the com- munity, for he is eminently broadminded, pro- gressive and enterprising. JOSEPH C. SPENCER. Orphaned in childhood by the cruel hand of death which removed his mother when he was three years old and his father when he was twelve, and reaching manhood thereafter with but little aid from fortune's favors or adventi- tious circumstances, Joseph C. Spencer, of Wes- ton county, Wvoming, one of the most extensive stockbreeders of this section of the country, is essentially a self-made man, his career being the product of his own thrift and enterprise, business acumen and clearness of vision. He is a native of Syracuse, N. Y., where he was born on April 14, 1845, tne son OI Joseph C. and Lucy A. Spencer, both New Englanders by nativity, the former from Massachusetts and the latter from New Hampshire. In 1847 tne mother died and nine years later, in 1856, the father, who had been a prosperous merchant in Syracuse, fol- lowed her to the other world. After his death Joseph C. Spencer went to live with a sister at Middleport, 111., there attended the public schools for a short time in the winter months and later going to the college of Ypsilanti, Mich., as a student for two years, leaving college to take a course of special business training at the Bry- an & Stratton Business College in Chicago, after completing that course accepting a position as messenger in the First National Bank of Chicago. He was employed in this bank seven years and rose to the post of paying teller. He longed however, for a freer life and larger individual opportunities, and turned his back upon the drudgery of financiering for others and began operations leading to business of magnitude for himself, in 1879 coming west to Deadwood, S. D., where he engaged in mining and prospect- ing for two years, thence coming to Wyoming in 1 88 1 and after spending a year in the oil in- dustry in the vicinity in which he now lives he turned his attention to cattleraising, taking up a portion of his present ranch, six miles from Newcastle, on what is known to old-timers as Stockade Beaver Creek. In the twenty years which have elapsed since he settled here he has gi-eatly improved his ranch until it has become one of the finest in the Northwest, has enlarged it to an extent of 4,000 acres, of which 700 are under skillful cultivation, has equipped it with desirable appliances for its proper utility and fruitfulness, made it comfortable with a sub- stantial residence, excellent barns, sheds, etc.. adorned it with trees, shrubbery and with verdant lawns, and devoted it to the production of su- perior herds of Hereford cattle. In addition to the interests here involved, Mr. Spencer has ex- tensive oil holdings in the fields of the Eagle Oil Co.. and valuable mining properties at Dead- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 175 wood. He was married at Hot Springs, S. D., on December 12, 1900, with Miss Abbie Jennings, a native of that state and daughter of R. D. and Mattie Jennings. Heir father makes his home at the Hot Springs, being one of the directors of the compaity that has control of that resort. He is a pioneer of that section of the country as Mr. Spencer is of his. The Spencers have one child, their winsome daughter, Marjorie, and they are members of the Episcopal church. Mr. Spencer is a Republican in politics, a gentleman of breadth of view, progressive spirit and com- manding influence in local affairs, earnestly de- voted to the welfare of the community and deeply interested in the good of his fellow men, among whom he is highly esteemed and generally re- spected. He is the largest individual stockman in this part of the state. WILLIAM SPENCE. William Spence, one of the worthy citizens of Evanston, Wyoming, in whose suburbs he resides on his ranch of fifty-four acres, is a na- tive of Bedfordshire, England, having first seen the light there in the year 1847. He was reared in the great city of London, whence in 1864 he emigrated to' America and coming to Salt Lake City, he engaged in farming and con- tinued in it for six years, afterwards taking employment on the Union Pacific Railroad, with which company he has continued ever since, leaving out some twelve or fourteen years devoted at intervals to other affairs. By his steady devotion to the right and careful industry, Mr. Spence has prospered in his own af- fairs and endeared himself to all that knew him. He is the son of Benjamin and Hannah (Day) Spence and was married in 1874 with Mrs. Elizabeth (Dudley) Sommers, widow of Steven Sommers, by whom she had four children : George F., Fannie E., Emma and Steven D. Sommers. She has borne three children to Mr. Spence : Hannah E., died on December 6, 1901 ; John T., died in 1882; Charles W.,,died in 1880. Mrs. Spence is a native of Leicestershire, Eng- land, born in 1839, the daughter of Thomas and Elizabeth (Bowley) Dudley, of Sheepshead, England, where the father was born on May 5, 1806, and died on April 14, 1875. He was the son of John Dudley, born in 1770, died in 1854, and Sarah (Fullylove) Dudley. His wife, Mrs. Spence's mother, Mrs. Elizabeth (Bowley) Dudley, was born on September 3, 1809, and died January 19, 1856. She is buried at Sheeps- head, England. KARL SPINNER. By reference to another page of this volume the reader will find a record of the life of B. Spinner, an elder brother of Karl Spinner, whose biography is here presented, and where further allusion is made to Amand and Cresia (Schmer) Spinner, the parents, and to which biography the reader's attention is respectfully called. Karl Spinner was born in Germany in 1850, and at the age of twenty-three years came to the United States, and at once, in 1873, came to Green River, Wyo., and engaged in the butchering business with his brother, B. Spin- ner, which he followed until the spring of T876; thence he went to Wind River, where he follow- ed the cattle trade for a year and returned to Green River, and entered into the brewing busi- ness, in which he held an interest until 1892. He then engaged in sheepraising, in which bu- colic enterprise he has ever since been engaged with unvarying success, being also the pro- prietor of the Green River opera house, a source of no inconsiderable income. In poli- tics Mr. Spinner is an out-and-out Republican, and in 1890 was appointed county commission- er, and so faithfully and ably did he perform the duties of the office that he was elected to fill the same office 'for the full term of two years. In 1893 he served as a member of the state legislature, and from 1890 until 1899 filled the office of town treasurer. In the interval in 1897 he was appointed postmaster of Green River, a position he filled most satisfactorily until August, 1902, when he resigned. Mr. Spinner has had military experience, serving in the Franco-Prussian War of 1870-71 in Co. 176 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. Eleven, One Hundred and Fourteenth Prussian Infantry, his entire military life lasting three years. Fraternally Mr. Spinner is a member of the A. F. & A. M. and the A. O. U. W., and he was joined in matrimony on November 6, 1896, with Miss Margaret Roenfeld, a daughter of Andrew and Anna (Mute) Roenfeld. Her father was an officer in the Prussian army, but after seven years of service retired, came to America and followed farming near Harrisburg, Pa., dying in 1891 at the age of eighty-seven years. He was a grand and noble man and was honored wherever known. Her mother was born in Southern Germany of noble descent, and she passed away in 1895 at tne a ? e of eighty-two years, both herself and her husband being devoted members of the Lutheran church, and their remains lie at rest side by side near Hamburg. The Spinner and the Roenfeld fam- ilies for many generations have maintained a high position in the esteem of the people, and the Spinners of Green River may be mentioned especially as among the most useful and re- spected residents of their section of the country. JOSIAH E. STRONG. Orphaned at the age of four years by the death of his mother, and reared thereafter until he was nineteen under the careful supervision of his father, Josiah E. Strong, of Boyd, Weston county, Wyoming, has displayed in his creditable career the sterling qualities of manliness and self-reliance for which his father and his familv were distinguished. He was born on June 2, 1853, in Delaware county, N. Y., the son of L. and Rachel A. (Bradley) Strong, natives of New York, where the father prospered as a butcher in Otsego county until his death in Sep- tember, 1874, the mother having passed away in 1857. He attended the schools of Otsego county, N. Y., and aided his father in his busi- ness until he was nineteen years old, then in the autumn of 1872 he joined the march of empire westward, coming to Nebraska and near Ne- braska City engaged in farming for four years, from there going to Kansas and taking up land in Rooks county, where he remained nine years, struggling against adverse circumstances, dry seasons and other discouragements to make his venture successful, but sold his place in the fall of 1888 and the next April was led by a favoring fortune to Canyon Springs Prairie in what is now Weston county, Wyo., and in that fertile region, when as yet but few had knowledge of its possibilities and it was almost unoccupied, he took up his present ranch about twenty miles northeast of the site of the present town of New- castle, for which at that time not a stake had been driven. Here bountiful harvests have re- warded his skillful labor and his farm of 320 acres is now one of the best on the prairie, well improved and equipped with the necessary ap- pliances for its cultivation and the proper care of the superior stock which finds a home on its verdant expanse. Mr. Strong is one of the suc- cessful farmers of the state, his care, skill, in- dustry and progressive ideas entitling him to the good results he achieves in his work, while his public spirit and enterprise in every element of improvement in the community secure for him a high regard in the estimation of his fellow cit- izens. On December 6, 1885, he was married with Miss Nancy Jane Allen, a native of Iowa, and a daughter of William and Charlotte (Sams) Allen, the marriage being consummated in Rooks county, Kan. Mrs. Strong's parents settled in Iowa when they were young and were married there, the father becoming a prosperous millman and a citizen of influence. In 187 1 they removed to Rooks county, Kan., and engaged in farming and now live at Montrose, Colo. The Strongs have six children, Sarah E., William E., Char- lotte M., Russell F., R. Maria and Claud F. In politics Mr. Strong gives his allegiance to the Republican party. EDWARD SUTTON. One of the distinctively young, but decidedly progressive ranchers of Uinta county, Wyo- ming, must here be mentioned, Mr. Edward Sutton, who. although associated in the exten- sive cattle industry of his father. William Sut- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 177 ton, for many years, has only conducted in- dividual operations since 1899. William Sutton is well-known throughout Wyoming as a rep- resentative stockman and a valuable citizen. He was born in England, as was also his wife, whose maiden name was Ann Moe. About 1870 occurred their emigration from England and the establishment of a new home in the country of their adoption, where the years have passed lightly over them, and they are now residing on their productive ranch on Green River, where his cattle business is assuming large scope and importance. He has been prospered in his un- dertakings and is counted one of Uinta county's highly respected citizens. Edward Sutton was born at Carbon, Wyo., on June 28, 1878, and he has acquired a most valuable practical educa- tion on the range and in the free life of the open plains, gaining strength of body and men- tal activity in the outdoor life. In 1901 he en- tered into matrimonial relations with Miss Mary Ann Morris, a daughter of Luke and Mary A. (Lamb) Morris, natives of England, but now residents of Kemmerer. In 1899 Mr. Sutton initiated a successful stock business on one of his father's ranches, located eight miles north of Kemmerer, and here his close and con- secutive attention to business and his discrimi- nating care and attention to his stock is bring- ing a prosperity which is sure to be cumulative in increase of values as years pass by. Mr. Sut- ton is, however, by no means fully absorbed in moneymaking, but takes great interest in all public matters of a local nature, and is popular with all classes of a somewhat wide acquaint- anceship and fully merits his prosperity. DWIGHT M. THAYER. Dwight M. Thayer, the gentleman whose name furnishes the caption of this review, is a creditable representative of New England manhood, combining in his intellectual and moral makeup many of the sturdy virtues and sterling characteristics of his Puritan ancestry. He was born in Massachusetts in the year 1847, the son of Rufus and Lucretia (Pettingill) Thayer, both parents natives of the Old Bay State. The father was a son of Reuben Thayer, also of Massachusetts birth and a descendant of an old and highly esteemed New England family of Braintree, the history of which dates from an early period in the annals of the com- monwealth. When Dwight M. Thayer was a youth of fourteen he suffered an almost irrepa- rable loss in the death of his father and after that sad event became an inmate of his brother's household, continuing with the latter a number of years, devoting his time and ener- gies to farming. At intervals during his mi- nority he attended the public schools and ac- quired a good knowledge of the English branches and also obtained a fund of valuable practical knowledge by coming in contact with the world. He continued agricultural pursuits in Massachusetts until 1877 when he came to Rock Springs, Wyo., and entered the employ of the Beckwith Commercial Co., with which he remained for fourteen and a half years. His long tenure with the firm attests his efficiency and faithfulness, and it was with great reluct- ance that his resignation was accepted when he became a bookkeeper for Gottsche & Co. After continuing in the latter capacity three years he engaged in the manufacture of flour, operating a mill with success and financial profit until July, 1901, when he was commissioned postmaster of Rock Springs. Mr. Thayer is a skillful accountant, possessing a soundness of judgment and a comprehensive clerical knowl- edge which mark him as an able, wise and dis- creet business man. Familiar with the under- lying principles of commercial and financial law and possessing a practical knowledge of finance, he plans well and his judgment is sel- dom at fault. He is a notable example of those correct principles which invariably secure suc- cess, while his genial traits of character are such as to win and retain the confidence of his employers and the public. As a public official Mr. Thayer discharges the duties of his posi- tion in an able and' praiseworthy manner and though but recently appointed to his position he has won an excellent reputation for ef- i 7 8 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. ficiency. Financially he has been successful in that he has provided well for his family, secured a pleasant and attractive home and accumulated a sufficiency of this world's goods to place him in independent circumstances. The marriage of Mr. Thayer with Miss Henrietta Smith, daugh- ter of O. C. and Jane (Ross) Smith, natives of Massachusetts and early pioneers of Rock Springs, was solemnized in the year 1867. Mrs. Thayer was also born in Massachusetts and has presented her husband with three children, Mrs. Mary Morris, Oliver P. and Hazel, deceased. Few men in Sweetwater county are better known and none stand higher than Dwight Thayer in public esteem. He has borne his share in advancing the county's material pros- perity and has been ready and willing at all times to lend his influence and support to meas- ures calculated to promote the people's inter- ests. He is well informed relative to state and national politics, has pronounced views on the leading questions of the day and is generally found on the right side of every moral issue, and he is broad minded, liberal and tolerant towards others, and his family has a large num- ber of warm friends in the best society circles of the city and county. OTTO LEIFER. Now a prominent and respected business man and citizen of Salt Lake City, Utah, Otto Leifer has also a good record to his credit as a pioneer and civilizer in Wyoming, having been one of the very first settlers on Big Piney Creek in Uinta county, there aiding in transforming the wilderness into an abode fit for civilized man and making it an element in the progress and growth of our country. He was born in Germany and lost his mother by death in his infancy and when he was but four years old his father left his desolated home and came to the United States, locating first in Baltimore, Md., from there removing to Frederick county, Ya., and four years later he left his orphan boy in that county and returned to the Fatherland. The son grew almost to manhood in his now 1 home, receiving his education in its public schools. In 1861 he made his way to Iowa and after attending school at Fremont for a year, he joined an expedition going across the plains with ox teams and reached Auburn, Ore., in the fall of 1861 after having been three months on the road and experienced consider- able trouble at the hands of hostile Indians, and near Rock Creek, Utah, while trying to rescue ' some horses that had been stolen, the expedi- tion had eight men killed and sixteen wounded. After his arrival at Auburn Mr. Leifer drove a government team from Walla Walla to Fort. Boise during the summer of 1863 and then went to Montana and engaged in mining at Virginia City until 1865, when he moved to the Bitter Root valley and started a stockgrowing in- dustry, owning and using the celebrated ranch which was later the magnificent estate of the late Marcus Daly. In 1878 Mr. Leiffer came to Wyoming with Edward Swan and settling on the Big Piney, he there took up land and began raising cattle. He and Mr. Swan were the first settlers in this part of the state and for years they were obliged to freight every article for their use from Green River, 100 miles distant, and also to get their mail there, it being the nearest postoffice until one was established at Bis: Piney, after which thev had a weekly mail. In this locality Mr. Leifer lived and prospered, enjoying the free life and the growth and de- velopment of the country until 1896. when on account of his wife's failing health he removed to Salt Lake City, where he is carrying on a laree real-estate and mining business and win- ning golden opinions as an enterprising and public spirited citizen. In MaVch, 1887, Mr. Leifer was married with Miss Delia M. Sollers, a native of Winchester. Ya., and a daughter of William R. and Anna Sollers. also natives of Virginia. Mrs. Leifer died at Salt Lake City on July 7, 1902. aged forty-eight and one-half years and her remains were laid to rest beside those of her parents at Schuyler. Neb. She was universally esteemed as a lady of refine- ment and tender sensibilities, very affable in dis- position and courteous in manner. Mr. Leifer II ( PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 179 owned a fine farm of 368 acres near Schuyler which he sold in 1902, receiving a cash price of $20,350. In Salt Lake City he occupies his ele- gant home at 122 N street. The story of his life is very incomplete without the statement that he fought valiantly and was wounded in the great battle with the Nez Perces Indians in 1877, at Big Hole, Mont., a fact greatly to his credit, which he modestly withholds from pub- lic notice. LLOYD PALLISER THOMAS. Lloyd P. Thomas, the gentleman whose brief biography is herewith presented, belongs to the younger generation of the Great West and for some years he has been actively identi- fied with the commercial interests of Sweet- water county. He is an Englishman but was born in a country remote from the land of his ancestors, although included in the wide do- main of the British Empire, his birth occurring on December 21, 1861, at Seal Cote in the northwestern provinces of Hindustan, where his father, John Nelson Thomas, then a colonel in the East India military service, was at that time stationed. John Nelson Thomas was a native of Wales and after serving in the army for a number of years he was made superintendent of woods and forests in India in which capacity he continued until he died. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Caroline Judd, was born in Yorkshire, England, and is still living, having reached the age of seventy-two years and at the present time she makes her home in Brighton, Sussex, England's most favorite watering place and summer resort. Lloyd P. Thomas received his early educational train- ing in Normandy, France, and at the -Royal Military College, Sandhurst, England, and he re- mained in England until 1881, when he came to the United States and located temporarily in New York, subsequently leaving that city for the west, with Wyoming as his objective point. For some years he lived at Green River, but in January, .1902, changed his residence to Rock Springs, where he opened a news agency in connection with a general book and stationery store ; handling in addition to a full stock of those articles, a complete line of tobacco, cigars and sundries of various kinds. He ranks with the most intelligent and progressive business men of the city of his residence and in every relation of life he has earned a reputation for probity and correct conduct that has won for him the esteem of his fellow citizens. In poli- tics he is a Republican and as such was elected clerk of the county, an office he filled with credit to himself and satisfaction to the people for four years. He was married in 1901 with Miss Margaret E. Sutton, a daughter of Thomas and Tabitha (Betts) Sutton, all being natives of Pennsylvania. Mr. and Mrs. Thomas have three children whose names are Lilian, Irene and Caroline Letitia. It is here proper to state that Mr. Thomas possesses great force of char- acter and a pleasing personality, which com- bined with fine social qualities make him not only a useful man in the community but a popu- lar one in all classes and conditions of people. In private life he is sociable but unobtrusive in demeanor and within the precincts of his home, surrounded by friends and loved ones, he is the soul of hospitality and genial companion- ship. He numbers his friends by the score and the position he has reached in the business and public world is indicative of the still greater and more influential career which awaits him in the future. HON. CHARLES SWANSON. A leading and representative citizen of Rock Springs, Wyoming, Hon. Charles Swanson, was born on October 7, i860, in Tjellmo Ostergotlan, Sweden, the son of August Targuy Swanson, a leading citizen of that country, who was an en- terprising and prosperous stonemason. The pa- ternal grandfather was a soldier of the Swedish army, passing all of his mature life as a member of the military family of Sweden. Mr. Swanson 'himself was one of a family of six children, and grew to man's estate in his native country, re- ceiving his early education in the public schools i8o PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. of his boyhood home. When he had attained to the age of eighteen years, he resolved to seek his fortune in the New World, and he came to Amer- ica. His first location in this country was in Wisconsin, where he established his home ana engaged in lumbering, subsequently removing to the Lake Superior region, where he was inter- ested in mining for about two years, when he removed to Colorado, where he located at Tellu- ride, San Miguel county, and engaged in min- ing. In 1883 he went to Boulder county, where he remained until 1885. He then came to the territory of Wyoming, settling at Atlantic, where, for a time he followed contracting, subsequently removing to South Pass, Wyoming, where he engaged in the retail liquor business, and re- mained until 1887. He then removed to the new mining camp of Blairtown, and continued in the same pursuit. He met with success in his busi- ness enterprises and in 1889 he erected his pres- ent brick building in the business center of Rock Springs, and here he has continued in trade to the present time. He is one of the successful and representative men of his section of the state, enterprising, public spirited and progressive. In January, 1898, Mr. Swanson was united in mar- riage with Mrs. Kate Anthony, a native of St Louis, Mo., where her parents were well-known and highly respected residents. The father of Mrs. Swanson was a native of Ireland, coming from his native country in early life, and estab- lishing his permanent home in St. Louis. To Mr. and Mrs. Swanson have been born two children, Carl Clark Otto, and Frank Mondell Swanson, the last named being now deceased. The home of Mr. and Mrs. Swanson is noted for its genial and generous hospitality, which they find pleas- ure in dispensing to their large circle of friends and acquaintances. Fraternally Mr. Swanson is affiliated with the Benevolent and Protective Or- der of Elks, the' Fraternal Order of Eagles and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, arid takes an active and prominent part in the fra- ternal and charitable life of the community. Politically he is a stanch member of the Repub- lican party, one of its trusted and able leaders in Sweetwater countv. For two terms he has been a member of the city council of Rock Springs, and foremost in all matters calculated to promote the welfare of the community or to develop the resources of the country. In 1896 he was elected as a member of the Legislative Assembly of the state, serving with ability and fidelity. At the end of hi-s first term of office his record was such that he was renominated and reelected. He was faithful in the discharge of every duty as a member of the legislature, and many measures of great importance to the peo- ple owe their origin to his ability and conscien- tious discharge of public duty. He stands de- servedly high among the public men of Wyo- ming, and is respected for his many sterling traits-Jsf character. He is a fine type of the Swedish-American citizen, true to his friends and loyal to the institutions of his adopted country. JOHN F. WILCOX. This gentleman is one of the leading stock- men of southern Wyoming, a pioneer of that section, and one who has seen the state grow through all the stages of frontier experience up to its present condition, and is now residing at the brisk young city of Encampment. He is a native of Council Bluffs, Iowa, his birth occurring in June, 1854, and he is the son of Hiram and Adaline (Clark) Wilcox, both na- tives of New York, from which state the father removed in early life to Wisconsin, where he married and established his home. Subse- quently he removed to Iowa, where he engaged in successful stockraising, and was also inter- ested in the manufacturing of boots and shoes. He had a family of four sons and one daughter. John F. Wilcox attained manhood in Iowa, and received his early education in the city of Coun- cil Bluffs. When he 'had reached the age of fifteen years, he left his home to make his own way in the world, going to northeastern Mis- souri, where he remained about one year and then removed to the then territory of Colorado, where^ he located at Fort Collins and secured employment as a cowboy, for the purpose of PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 181 acquiring a practical knowledge of the cattle business, intending to engage in that occupa- tion as soon as his circumstances would permit. He remained in Colorado until 1874, when he came to Wyoming and was one of the first range riders in this territory, and for many years he had nurnerous exciting experiences with the Indians, having not a few narrow es- capes where his life was seriously imperilled. He was for a time in the employ of Abner Loomis, a large cattleman of the frontier days, now engaged in banking - at Fort Collins, Colo. He subsequently held a responsible position with the Swan Land & Cattle Co., and con- tinued in his chosen employment up to the year 1890, having the reputation of being one of the most capable and efficient cattlemen in Wyoming. In 1890 he concluded to go into business for himself, and took up a ranch on Cow Creek for that purpose. Here he met with immediate and gratifying success until 1901, when he disposed of his ranch property to advantage. At that time he was the owner of a fine ranch of over 500 acres of land, well fenced and improved, and entirely under irriga- tion. He made a specialty of the best grades of Shorthorn and Hereford cattle, and thoroughbred Norman-Percheron horses. At one time he was the owner of some of the most valuable ani- mals in the state, and he is still the owner of a large band of cattle, and is counted as one of the substantial business men and' property owners of the state. In January, 1883, Mr. Wilcox was united in marriage with Miss Emma Baggett, a native of England and the daughter of Amos Baggett, a large and successful stock- man formerly residing on Cow Creek, Wyo., but now making his home in the city of Sara- toga. Five children have come to bless their home life, namely, Belle, Adna, Amos, Frank and Mabel, all of whom are living. They have just completed a fine modern residence in En- campment and their home is noted for the gen- erous and gracious hospitality which they take pleasure in dispensing to their large circle of friends and acquaintances. Mr. Wilcox has done much to assist in the development of this section of Wyoming. His great success in busi- ness has been due to his energy, ability, and unerring judgment in all matters affecting his interests and the growth of this portion of the state. EDWARD THOMSON. Among the enterprising and progressive men who have settled in the favored valley of the Stockade Beaver Creek, and there tickling the responsive land with the hoe, have seen it laugh with the harvest, none is better known or more generally esteemed than Edward Thomson, a na- tive of the Dominion of Canada, in whose his- toric province of Quebec he was born on No- vember 2, 1855, the son of Thomas and Mary A. (Murray)' Thomson, the former born in Scot- land and the latter born in Ireland. They were brought to the New World in childhood and in Quebec province were reared, educated, married and employed in successful farming until the close of their useful lives, the mother surren- dering her trust at the behest of the Great Dis- poser in 1 89 1, and the father in 1899. Both rest under the sod of a beautiful little cemetery at Magog in the land of their adoption and their serviceable labors. Edward Thomson remained with his parents attending school and working on the farm until he was eighteen, then learned the manufacturing of cheese, afterwards conduct- ing a cheese factory for about two years. He then passed two years more with his parents, and in 1878, accepting our government's generous offer of a farm to every enterprising worker, came t© Fargo, N. D., and homesteaded a quar- ter section of good land in that vicinity, on which he lived for eight years, farming the land and raising some cattle. He and his brother also conducted a water route in Fargo from 1879 to 1885. In 1886 he sold out his interests in Dakota and in August arrived in Wyoming, soon after taking up the ranch on which he now lives on Stockade Beaver Creek, thirteen miles north- east of Newcastle. Here he has lived and flour- ished from that time, engaged in ranching and cattleraising, aiding in developing the country, 1 82 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. directing its moral and commercial agencies along the lines of healthful progress and hold- ing its political activities unto symmetrical and shapely growth. The winter of 1881-2 he passed in visiting his parents in his old Canadian home. The rest of the time has been devoted to his ranch, which consists of 480 acres of deeded land, containing a wide expanse of excellent hay meadow. On January 26, 1884, at Fargo, N. D., Mr. Thomson was united in marriage with Miss Joanna Cavanaugh, also a native of Canada and daughter of Edward and Margaret (Kirwin) Cavanaugh, emigrants from Ireland to the Do- minion early in their married life. Seven chil- dren have joined the Thomson household, Mary A., Thomas E., Sarah A., Daniel R., James, William and Loretto. The family are Cath- olics in religious faith and Mr. Thomson is a Republican in politics. ALEXANDER WAGSTAFF. Far from the scenes, the inspirations, the friendship and the old traditions of his native county, which he left at the age of eleven years for a new home far across the sea and almost as far across the land, making the entire trip of several thousand miles without an associate he had ever seen before he started, Alexander Wagstaff of Crook county, Wyoming, is es- sentially a product of the American frontier, of American institutions, of American oppor- tunities and lines of thought and action. He was born in "Merrie England" on June 13, 1866, on the banks of one of her romantic rivers, the son of Alfred and Emily (Price) Wagstaff, the father English and the mother being Scotch- Welch by nativity. His father is a prosperous farmer in England, as he is in the United States, with the substantial difference that the former's unit of measure in land is a foot while the lat- ter's is an acre or a mile, so different are the conditions and the chances in agricultural pur- suits in the two countries. In 1877, when he was but eleven years of age, Alexander dared the heaving ocean and the long trip across the American continent to Iowa where he had friends, and locating at the thriving little town of Indianola in Warren county, went to work on a farm, attending school in the winter months and here remaining six years, finishing his education with such facilities as were con- veniently available and preparing for a wider sweep of vision and a larger business activity. In 1883 he came farther west to North Dakota and worked two years on a stock ranch near Jamestown and run the ranch for three years more. At the end of this period he removed to Montana and for four years was on a ranch near Deer Lodge, foreman for nearly all that time, then for a number of years rode the range in that state, still being a foreman. He then began traveling through Idaho. Utah. Nevada, California and other states, keeping up his wanderings until 1892 when he settled in Wyo- ming, and after a few months' work on a ranch on Powder River, of which he had partial charge, he took up the ranch on which he now lives in Crook county nine miles south of Sun- dance. He has steadily improved and develop- ed this ranch, reducing it to fertility and pro- ductiveness and building up on it an increasing stock industry, which is now one of the most desirable in his section of the county. In 1898 he enlisted in the state militia for the Spanish- American war, but his regiment was not called out. He, however, served his three years' term, in the meantime as he had opportunity pushing his ranch and stock business and he now owns 640 acres of excellent and well located land and is a successful and prosperous stockman. On July 4, 1895, ni hi s home county, he was united in marriage with Miss Julia Waite, a native of Iowa and daughter of James and Emily Waite who removed to Crook county. Wyo., from Iowa and are now prominent farmers. Mr. and Mrs. Wagstaff had four children. Edgar, Robert, Ethel and Daisy. On October 18, 1901, the faithful wife and mother died and was buried at Sundance. In politics Mr. Wagstaff is a zealous Republican, not an active worker in the party ranks, finding more congenial occu- pation in his home and its interests, preferring the general good of the community to any par- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 183 ticular party advantage. He is highly esteemed as a leading- and influential citizen whose voice and aid are on the side of every good enter- prise and whose helpful friendship is available to all who seek it in the proper spirit. CHARLES ZUMMACH. A well-known and successful stockman, a representative citizen, a stimulating and pro- ductive commercial force and a conservative social inspiration, Charles Zummach of the Middle Fork of the Hay Creek section of Wyom- ing, with a beautiful ranch pleasantly located near Eothen, seven miles west of Aladdin and twenty-eight north of Sundance, has diligently improved his opportunities for advancement in the New World and exemplified in an impres- sive way the sterling qualities of head, heart and physical energy for which his ancestry was noted. He is a native of Germany, where he was born on December 6, 1844, the son of William Zummach. His father was a distiller in the Fatherland and came to the United States with his family in 1855, locating in Milwaukee, where his son got a little education by attend- ing school for a short time, but was thrown on his own resources very early in life, becoming self-supporting at the age of fourteen. He worked at different occupations in Milwaukee until 1862, having a willing, a capable and a skillful hand at almost any kind of a job he was never without one. In 1862 he went to Chicago and to St. Louis, where he secured employment on Mississippi River steamers for two years, then coming to Montana, making the trip up the Missouri by boat to Fort Benton, 3,500 miles, and from there going to Alder Gulch, near what is now Virginia City, then a newly discovered Eldorado for the treasure-seeker, and worked in the mines. While going from Fort Benton to Alder Gulch in 1864, on June 20, Mr. Zummach was one of a party of four who sunk the first prospect hole sunk on the site of Helena, getting three cents to the pan. After twelve years of toil in this rich field, with fluctuating success, he returned to Milwau- kee, making a nine months' visit to his old home and friends. From there in his second Argonautic expedition, he landed at the Black Hills in South Dakota, and after a year of al- most fruitless search for wealth in the mines started a roadhouse between Deadwood and Spearfish, which he conducted until 1884, then sold out and came to Crook county. Here see- ing in the vocation of the old patriarchs a good promise of fruitful returns, he located on the ranch he has since occupied on the Middle Fork of Hay Creek, and began an industry in farming and cattleraising, which has grown with the flight of time to gratifying proportions and most welcome returns. He has 880 acres of land, with plenty of meadow for hay, upland for grain and hills for range, and by studious industry he has brought his possessions to a high degree of productiveness and adaptability to their proper purposes, has improved them with commodious and comfortable buildings and adorned them with tastefully arranged grounds and shrubbery. Mr. Zummach is es- sentially what we have called him, a representa- tive citizen. He is a Republican in politics and while never seeking office, is identified in a leading way with every movement for the good of the county and state. He was married on December 23, 1885, at Deadwood, S. D., with Mrs. Louisa Hohlfeld, a native of Michigan. They have one child, a winsome daughter, Erma C. In fraternal relations Mr. Zummach affiliates with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, belonging to a lodge in Milwaukee. HENRY WENDT. Numbered among the leading and most pro- gressive citizens of Sweetwater count}', Wyo- ming, is the one to whom this brief review is dedicated. Prof. Henry Wendt, the popular ed- ucator and capable principal of the schools of Green River. He was born at Petersburg, Ger- many, on December 15, 1868, a son to the mar- riage union of Hans and Anna (Kortum) Wendt, descendants of families that for centuries had been residents of the Fatherland. The father, 184 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. born in Halisteen in 1831, in 1856 married Alma Kootum, a young lady of twenty years of age, and engaged in agricultural pursuits in Germany until the emigration of the family in 1874. Their first American location was at Clinton, Iowa, they thereafter making a permanent residence at Walnut, in the same state, the father there en- gaging in the same quiet vocation he had fol- lowed in his native land. They were people of that peace-loving, unassuming type oi character with which Germany has so often enriched this country, earnest Lutherans in their religious be- lief, while the father was equally as earnest a Democrat in politics, never having sought pub- licity nor official place or emoluments, the mother possessing strong domestic tastes, and finding in the activities around her fireside and in the care of her children her highest enjoyment. They are still living in their pleasant Iowa location, se- cure in the esteem of all the people. Henry AVendt was a lad of but six years of age when he accompanied his parents across the Atlantic to their new home in Iowa, and his youth was the same as that of hundreds of farmers's sons until he was eighteen years old, aiding in con- ducting the farm work and attending as circum- stances admitted the country schools of the com- munity. He was a natural student however, and his leisure moments were passed in study and in reading, his progress in educational lines be- ing so pronounced that when he was eighteen he was employed as a teacher in western Iowa, continuing this vocation with marked success for four years, and securing popular approval for both his work and methods. For a year after this experience he was employed in a clerical capacity in a real-estate office in Nebraska, and having a desire to more fully supply the de- mands of his. nature for an education, he then became a student in the college at Fremont, Neb., where he diligently pursued his studies, and was graduated from the scientific department in 1896 and from the classical course in 1898. Being thus thoroughly equipped to take solid ground in pedagogic work, he was for one year the as- sistant principal of the schools of Lander, Wyo., thence coming to Green River to take charge of the schools of that progressive town, and here he has since been busily employed, doing most excellent work and receiving the commendations of educators throughout all of this section, ed- ucational interest being increased under his ad- ministration both among pupils and parents, while the community at large acknowledges the high standards here maintained and the steady progress of the students and the schools. A clear-headed, logical Democrat in politics, Mr. Wendt holds strong convictions, which, however, he never obtrudes on others, and at one time he gave most efficient service as a deputy county clerk of Shelby county, Iowa. Fraternally he is a valued member of the Masonic fraternity, the Knights of Pythias and he is also a Modern Woodman. On July 24, 1902, Professor Wendt wedded with Miss Rose McMahan, a native of Pennsylvania and a daughter of J. P. and Cath- erine (Condon) McMahan, who were residents of Pennsylvania from about 1840 where the fa- ther was a carpenter. He died in 1876 and his cherished wife is now a resident of Denver. HERBERT H. WILLIAMS. One of the leading citizens of Bighorn, Sher- idan county, and one who has won his place in the regard and confidence of his fellows by merit, is Herbert H. Williams, a prominent and suc- cessful stockgrower and business man. He was born in Ohio, on February 20, i860, the son of Daniel and Mary J. (Burns) Williams, the for- mer a native of Pennsylvania and the latter of Ohio, who were early settlers in Iowa, but when their son Herbert was five years old they moA r ed to Decatur county, Iowa, where they remained three years, in 1868 moving to Kansas and in 1878 to Texas where Herbert received his first experience in stockraising on a large scale, be- coming a range rider and giving his attention to cattle in an active and exacting manner. He was robust and strong, and the arduous exercise was of advantage to him, building up his con- stitution and developing both physical power and mental readiness and resourcefulness. In 1881, bidding: adieu to the southern country he came PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 185 first to Ogalalla, Neb., and soon after to Chey- enne, Wyoming, where he engaged to take charge of a herd of cattle to North Dakota, after com- pleting this engagement, working in Montan? on the ranges until 1894, when he came again to Wyoming and took up his residence on a ranch near Bighorn which is still his home. On this he is actively and successfully engaged in the stock business, conducting one of the leading industries of its kind in the county. Mr. Wil- liams married at Miles City, Montana, in 1886, with Miss Cora M. Bray, a native of New York. They have four children, Viola M., Berta B., Orda and Rose, all of whom are at home, valued members of the household. Mr. Williams has sought neither political preferment nor social distinction. His business has occupied him wholly and has satisfied all his desires for mental or physical activity. Yet he has risen by his gen- eral worth and manliness to a high place in the good will and esteem of his friends and neigh- bors, and has not failed to bear his due share of the burdens of improving and advancing the community, and working his county toward the position its natural resources and the enterprise of its people entitle it to hold. PHILIP J. YODER. Among the most highly respected and sub- stantial citizens of the state of Wyoming is Mr. Philip J. Yoder, who resides at Phillips. He is a native of Ohio, a state which has fur- nished so many men of sterling character to the country farther west. He was born on January 3, 1836, near Shanesville, Ohio, the son of Jacob and Barbara (Miller) Yoder, both natives of Ohio, where his father was a successful farmer, long owning one ol the finest farms in his section of the state, and being a prosperous citizen. He died there in 1892 and the able mother passed away at the same place in 1871. They are buried side by side near the scenes of their active and useful lives. Philip J. Yoder received his early education in the schools of Tuscarawas county, Ohio. After completing his education he remained at home, assisting his father in the work and management of the farm, until he had arrived at the age of twenty- two years. He then engaged in business for himself as a dealer in cattle and horses, buying from the farmers of his county and those ad- joining, and driving or shipping to the cities of the state which offered the best market. He carried on this business for over three years with considerable success. In 1863 ne disposed of his property in Ohio and removed to Henry county, Iowa, where he engaged in farming and stockraising until 1881, when desiring to enter more extensively into the stock business, he sold his Iowa farms and came to Cheyenne, then in the territory of Wyoming, looking for a suitable location for his enterprise. He re- mained for two years in Cheyenne and in 1883 purchased his present ranch property on Bear Creek, about twenty miles east of Chugwater, Wyo., and embarked largely in cattle and horseraising. In this he was very successful, and now is the owner of a fine hay and stock ranch in one of the most favored sections of the state, having 960 acres of patented land, with adjacent land for range purposes, and several thousand acres which he holds under lease from the state. On October 9, 1863, Mr. Yoder was united in -marriage at Shanesville, Ohio, with Miss Cinderella Hattery, a native of Ohio and the daughter of Joseph and Liddy Hattery, both natives of the same state. Her parents died when she was a small child and she grew to womanhood in the family of a relative. Eight children have come to the home of Mr. and Mrs. Yoder, Benjamin F., Amanda, Jesse, Oscar, Clara, Ida, Sadie and Nina, all now living except Nina, who passed away from earth at the home of her parents on December 26, 1900, at the age of sixteen years. Mr. and Mrs. Yoder are active members of the Methodist Episcopal church and are deeply in- terested in all measures calculated to promote the work of religion and charity in the commu- nity where they reside. No worthy object de- signed for the improvement of the condition of the unfortunate or to contribute to the gen- eral welfare of the church goes from them with- 1 86 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. out substantial aid and assistance, and they are noted for their many acts of charity and helpfulness to others. Politically, Mr. Yoder is affiliated with the Republican party and is an earnest supporter of the principles of that organization, although he has never sought or desired political preferment. During the long years of his residence in the territory and state of Wyoming, Mr. Yoder has demonstrated his ability as a business man and his worth as a citizen, being faithful to every responsibility that has rested upon him and unfailing in the performance of every duty. Though firm and un- yielding in what he believes to be right, he is ever considerate and just in his dealings with others and has commanded the unqualified re- spect of all who have come in contact with him. By his energy, perseverance and un- swerving fidelity he has established himself as one of the most substantial and highly esteemed citizens of Wyoming, and it is to such men as he that the state owes its rapid growth, develop- ment and prosperity. WILLIAM H. WYMAN. The first American ancestor of this family was the German emigrant, Erastus Wyman, who came to the Massachusetts Colony before the Revolutionary War, in which his son, Eras- tus, was also a conspicuous actor in the patriot army, holding the rank of captain. He was the grandfather of William H. Wyman of this re- view, and he established himself at an early date subsequent to the Revolution in the almost unbroken wilderness of St. Lawrence county, N. Y., where he lived a successful and use- ful life and developed by his industry, and that of his sons, a comfortable home and estate from the heavily timbered acres of the primeval forest. Henry Wyman, a son of the Revolu- tionary hero and St. Lawrence pioneer, was reared among the pleasures and discomforts of a pioneer home, where hard and constant labor was not only the rule of existence, but a neces- sity of the times. He remained for years on the ancestral acres, continued the improvements so ably commenced by his parents and had the pleasure of beholding broadstretching fields producing ample crops take the place of the original wilderness. In 1835, however, he re- moved to Whiteside county, 111., there becom- ing one of the earliest settlers and tendering his services to the Federal Government at the time of the Black Hawk War. He married a Miss Vienna Olds, born in St. Lawrence county, N. Y., in 1 81 9, who, after years of unceasing indus- try in which she has exemplified the finest quali- ties of Christian womanhood, is passing the quiet evening twilight of her life in her Illinois home. Her paternal grandfather, John Olds, born in and a lifelong resident of New York state, was of German descent, a carpenter and cabinetmaker . by trade. His wife. Elizabeth (Spencer) Olds, was the daughter of William Spencer, and of English extraction. Thejr son, Thomas A. Olds, was the father of Mrs. Wy- man. Henry Wyman was an old-time Whig, a strong supporter of Gen. William H. Harri- son, and in 1856 he voted with the Republican party, then first presenting a presidential can- didate to the country. His great love for home prevented him from ever engaging in strife for political office for himself. He died in 1861, aged forty-seven years. William H. Wyman, the youngest of the five children of Henrv and Vienna (Olds) Wyman, was born on August 18, 185 1, in Whiteside county, 111., and there received the education given in the district schools of the place and period, continuing to abide at his Whiteside home engaged in agricultural pur- suits until the pioneering proclivities of his race sent him westward to Colorado. After a short stay in that section he came to Wyoming in 1874 and at first engaged in the wild, rough, yet fascinating labors connected with prospect- ing and mining, pursuing these vocations for several years, being prospered in his under- takings. Later he became a pioneer in an- other industry, holding the first head of cattle ever held on the Rattlesnake range of moun- tains, then a part of Sweetwater county but now in Fremont county, being then in the em- emplov of the large stockfirm of Beckwith. Quinn PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 187 & Co. In 1885 Mr. Wyman located a ranch on Bear River, five miles north of Cokeville, Wyo., where he successfully engaged in raising horses, during 1897, however, erecting the hotel at Cokeville, of which he is the present popular and genial landlord. Republican in politics, his sterling- ability was recognized by his party in 1900 by his nomination for the responsible of- fice of member of the lower house of the state legislature, to which he was elected by a very flattering vote, serving with conceded benefit to his constituents and to their general satisfac- tion. Among his other possessions Mr. Wy- man has oil and copper claims of high prospec- tive value, but he has never married. FREDERICK G. WOLF. One of the pioneer citizens of Wyoming and the proprietor of the leading hotel of Car- bon county is Hon. Frederick G. Wolf, of Saratoga. He is a native of Germany, born in the old state of Wurttemberg, on December 27, 1845, tne son °f Frederick G. and Margaret (Nebelmesser) Wolf, both natives of Wurttem- berg, and well-known and prominent residents, his father being the burgomaster of the city for eighteen years and also being the revenue officer of the German government and for many years the leading citizen of his district. His father, Frederick G. Wolf, was also prominent and long followed the occupation of wine- gardening. Of a family of ten children, the subject of this review was the eldest son. He grew to man's estate in his native city, and ac- quired his early education in its public schools. When he had completed his school life, he was entered as an apprentice to the trade of a gardener, continuing in this employment until he had attained twenty years, when he was drawn into the German army for a period of six years, and in this service in 1866 he took part in the war between Austria and Southern •Germany against both Prussia and Italy, and par- ticipated in the battle of Tauler Bishopsheim, in which he was severely wounded, being badly shot in one of his legs and compelled to remain in hospital for eight weeks before he was able to rejoin his regiment. After returning to act- ive service he took part in the battle of Wurz- burg and was later in the battle of Ashaffinburg. In the latter engagement he was the leader of a patrol and was surprised and attacked by a larger force of the enemy, and during the con- flict which followed one of his men was shot and captured, and Mr. Wolf received a lance wound in the hip and it was only by shooting his assailant that he was enabled to save his life and to escape to the camp of his regiment which was two miles away. The wound he re- ceived proved a serious one, upon reaching his camp his boot was full of blood, and he was again confined in hospital for two months. Upon his recovery he returned to his home, peace hav- ing been declared. He continued in the army until 1869, when his term of service expired and he determined to seek his fortune in the New World. Arriving in the city of New York on December 31, 1869, he came direct to Indiana and located at Michigan City in the employ of the Michigan Central Railroad, where he re- mained until 1873. He then resigned his po- sition and removed to Rawlins in the territory of Wyoming. Here he became a foreman on the Union Pacific Railroad and was continued in that position until 1876, when he opened a wholesale and retail liquor store in the city of Rawlins, Wyo., continuing successfully engaged in that business until the spring of 1882. He then disposed of his business and property in . Rawlins and removed to the Platte Valley, where he was engaged in the cattle business until 1887 and during this time he had frequent difficulties with the Indians, who were trouble- some and caused him some losses by reason of their thieving propensities, but he had no more serious difficulty with them than the loss of some stock. As he suffered severely from rheumatism, he was compelled to retire from the cattle business, and went to Saratoga for the purpose of trying the waters of* the hot springs there for his trouble, soon opening a liquor store at that place and conducting it up to 1892. He then disposed of this business to i88 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING, good advantage, and going to Cheyenne dur- ing the session of the Legislature, he was elected sergeant-at-arms of the House of Representa- tives, serving in that capacity until the close of the session. Upon his return to Saratoga he erected his present large brick hotel and en- gaged in the hotel business. In this he has been very successful and has steadily increased his accommodations and added to his facilities, until he has now the very best accommodations for 160 guests, and is here already carrying on a large and remunerative business, for his great en- terprise, public spirit and genuine popularity have given his place a wide reputation among the traveling public, as well as among the people of the vicinity, and his hotel is the most popu- lar resort in his section of the state. In Janu- ary, 1869, Mr. Wolf was united in marriage with Miss Christiana Waldeman, a native of Wurt- temberg, Germany, where her parents were well- known and highly respected citizens. To this marriage have been born four children, Carrie, now Mrs. Alexander Munz of Petersburg, Colo., where her husband is engaged in real- estate operations ; Freddie, now Mrs. A. J. Dog- gett of Denver, Colo. ; Frederick W. (de- ceased) ; Henrietta, still at the parental home. The son, Frederick W. Wolf, a young man of great promise and held in the highest esteem in the community, was accidentally drowned in July, 1 90 1, while bathing in the Platte River, and his unfortunate death was mourned as a public calamity. Fie was one of the leading young men of his section of the state, and at the time of the breaking out of the Spanish- Ameri- can War was the first to enlist in the local com- pany raised for Torrey's regiment of Rough Riders. After being mustered out of the serv- ice he had returned to Saratoga, and was con- nected in the hotel business with his father up to the time of his death. His funeral was conducted by the Knights of Pythias of Saratoga, of which he was vice-chancellor. Mr. Wolf is one of the leading citizens of his section of the state, and has done much to develop its resources and build up its industries, always taking a foremost part in the promotion of every enterprise which is calculated to benefit the public and contribut- ing of his time and means to all worthy meas- ures for the good of the community, he stands high in the respect of his neighbors and of all the people of that portion of Wyoming. He has been very successful and is counted one of the solid business men and substantial prop- erty owners of Carbon county. WILLSON BROTHERS. One of the most substantial and best known stock industries of Wyoming is that of the Will- son Brothers, of Manville, Converse county. The firm consists of George L. and Eugene B. Will- son, both natives of Illinois and sons of George C. and Arathusa (Parkhurst) Willson, who were born in Massachusetts, their paternal grand- father, Luther Willson, being a native of the old town of Braintree, and one of the leading ministers of the Unitarian faith in the common- wealth and one of the founders of Unitarian- ism in America. In 1836, when in very early manhood George C. Wilson removed to the state of Illinois, then on the extreme western fron- tier of America, he was so highly pleased with this new country that he determined to make it his future home, in 1837 returning to his native state, where he married and im- mediately returned with his bride to Illinois. He established his home at Como, Whiteside county, and was elected as a justice of the peace at that place. George L. Willson was born in Whiteside county, 111., on November 1, 1848, and Eugene B. Willson was born at the same place on October 18, 1852. They received their early educational training in the public schools of the vicinity of their boyhoods' home, and there attained manhood. In 1870 Eugene B. Willson left his native state and came to Chey- enne, in the territory of Wyoming. This was then in the frontier days of Wyoming, and there were few habitations where the city of Cheyenne now stands. In 1872 George L. Willson joined his brother at Cheyenne, and in 1873 a still younger brother, Edmund, came here also. The brothers engaged in the responsible duties of PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 189 surveying, under the general direction of the firm of Hay & Thomas, U. S. surveyors, and continued in this occupation for several years, until in July, 1880, they concluded to engage in the stock business and made a settlement on their present holdings in Converse county, to which on November 1, 1880, they brought the first band of sheep ever taken into the north- ern section of Wyoming. The business was conducted under the firm name of Willson & Rasmussen until 1888, when George L. and Eugene B. Willson purchased the entire in- terest of Mr. Rasmussen and formed the firm of Willson Bros., which has continued its operations to the present time and has met with a gratifying success. The firm is also interested in horses, having a large band of fine Hamble- tonian thoroughbreds and also run a fine herd of Hereford and Shorthorn cattle. They own several thousand acres of land, with large meadows, and grow each year many hundreds of tons of alfalfa and other hay, which is used in the care of their own stock. They are among the most progressive and successful stockmen of Wyoming. An older brother, William, also served with distinction in the Civil War, and died February 27, 1864, from an illness con- tracted during his army life. An unmarried sis- ter, who has an interest in her brothers' busi- ness, has made several visits to them from her eastern home and she has always shown a keen, and intelligent interest in their operations. Eugene B. Willson was united in marriage on July 23, 1890, with Miss Isabel Mack, a native of Ohio. She is a graduate of Wolfe Hall in Denver, Colo., and her first visit to Wyoming was made in her childhood when Cheyenne could boast but few trees and none of the fine buildings of today. She also holds a diploma as a trained nurse from a prominent hospital in Chicago, where she was engaged for four years in city missionary work. To their union have been born four children, Eugene Parkhurst, Edna Lucille, Kenneth Mack and Frederick ' Brooks. The family is held in high esteem by a large circle of friends and acquaintances and the Willson Brothers stand in the front rank of the representative citizens of Wyoming, and their enterprise and energy have done much to develop the resources and promote the wel- fare of the section of the state in which they have established their residence. EUGENE AMORETTI, JR. Although Wyoming is the youngest in our galaxy of states, and her history covers scarcely more than a generation of men, she has never- theless contributed to the business and social forces of the country a liberal share of produc- tive energies and live, active, influential men. Among the latter Eugene Amoretti, Jr., of Lander holds a deservedly high place, to which he has easily risen by reason of his scholarship, his urbanity of manner and his genuine business capacity. He was born at South Pass, Fre- mont county, Wyo., on January 12, 1871, the son of Eugene and Mary Amoretti, descendants of a royal line of Italy and natives of Venice, that rare beautiful city which rose like Aphrodite from the sea. What he is, therefore, although of noble lineage, he is all Wyoming's own. His parents came to the United States in the early forties and to Wyoming in 1868. He was edu- cated at the University of Notre Dame at South Bend, Ind., at the College of the Sacred Heart at Denver and at the Friends College at Omaha. On leaving school he engaged in the business of raising and selling cattle and sheep, taking up a place of 240 acres on Horse Creek in Fremont county, which he still owns and on which he conducts an extensive cattle business. He is also an important factor in the affairs of the Stock Growers' Bank at Bridger,. Mont., of which he is vice-president, and holds a large interest in the Lander Electric Light Co., being its manager and giving to its devel- opment the full benefit of his superior executive ability. In addition to these enterprises he is manager of the large rollermills at Lander and carries on an extensive real-estate business in the town and county. Having a taste and a decided capacity for public affairs, Mr. Amo- retti gives to the welfare of the community and 190 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. its proper development due attention, and his potential voice is always heard in reference to matters touching the progress and improve- ment of his section of the state. He served the city two years as councilman and the county two years as treasurer, and, although his serv- ices were valuable and highly appreciated and he was urged to continue them, he declined on account of his personal interests, which were engrossing, to stand for a reelection. He is a member of the Masonic order and has pursued its mystic ■ and symbolic teachings up to and also including the Thirty-second degree of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite. He is also a noble of the Mystic Shrine of Corean Temple at Rawlins and a member of the local lodge of the Knights of Pythias. On Novem- ber 18, 1891, he was united in marriage with Miss Eloise Creedon of Omaha, Neb., where the nuptials were celebrated, the bride being a daughter of P. J. and Margaret (Clark) Creedon of Pennsylvania. Her mother is deceased, but her father now lives in Omaha, Neb. Two chil- dren, Margaret and Eloise, have blessed the union and enlivened the beautiful home of Mr. and Mrs. Amoretti. MRS. JOSEPHINE E. BALDWIN. The life of the hardy pioneer in the wilds of a new country is a hard one and it has little to relieve its monotonous round of toil, peril and privation. It is however frequently relieved and blessed by the helpful presence of a devoted Avoman, who leaves the pleasures and securities of civilization to cast her lot in the west with the man of her choice, braving whatever fate awaits her by his side. This is in brief the story of Mrs. Josephine E. Baldwin of Lander, the widow of the late Major N. Baldwin, one of the earliest pioneers of Wyoming and the first white woman seen in this part of the country. She was a daughter of Joseph and Eveline (Leak) Wright, natives of New York, Friends in religion and well esteemed wherever they were known. Pier father was a wholesale leather merchant in New York City, where he died of cholera in 1832 soon after his daughter, the younger of his two children, was born. In 1835 her mother again married with Philemon Canfield, a prominent contractor and builder. In 1849 he ar >d Mr- Baldwin yielding to the persuasive voice of California offering her newly discovered golden treasures to an eager world, left their native heath for the distant Eldorado. In 1854 Mr. Canfield returned to ''the States" for his family, and soon after their arrival in San Francisco Miss Josephine Wright became Mrs. Noyes Baldwin, the nuptials being solemnized on Sep- tember 5, 1854. She had been well educated at private schools in New York, and having in- herited from a determined and self-reliant ances- try a resolute spirit, was read}' for any emer- gency that might arise in her new home. Mr. Baldwin was born on September 8, 1826, at Woodbridge, Conn., the son of Lyman and Marie (Beach) Baldwin, being a contractor and builder. After a short period in California sub- sequent to his marriage, he took his wife to her native city, and returning to the Pacific coast, bought a brig and left for Valparaiso, Peru, to make divings for sunken treasures in the Pacific. When he got back to California he sent for his wife and they remained in the state until 1857, then again returned to New York, where he went into business with Mrs. Baldwin's step- father until 1859, when they again made their home in California, a short time later removing to Nevada where he opened a hotel at Silver City, and conducted it until the Civil War broke out, when he raised a hundred volunteers for the service and was made captain of Co. B, First Nevada Cavalry. He soon rose by merit to the rank of major, was ordered with his command to Fort Churchill and soon after was sent to Camp Douglas, near Salt Lake City, on account of the Mormon uprising. In 1863 he was trans- ferred to Fort Bridger, Wyo., and from there to Provo, Utah, and after passing a short time among the Danites, returned to Fort Bridger, where he was placed in command of the post. During his military service he entertained a num- ber of officers afterwards distinguished in the Federal army, anion"' them Generals Sheridan PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 191 and Miles. Towards the end of 1863 he and Captain Skelton organized a band of prospectors, but owing to the hostility of the Indians the pro- ject was abandoned after a few claims were lo- cated at South Pass, Wyo. In July, 1865, he was mustered out of service and came to Lander Valley, making his own roads, and began trading with the Indians for furs and skins which he took overland to Salt Lake, leaving his family in Lander Valley during his absence. In 1868 he erected and opened the first store at South Pass and bought goods by the carload at Benton or old Fort Steele, his wife attending to the store in his absence. About this time he started a news- paper in company with Col. E. A. Slack, now. a resident of Cheyenne. They received gold dust as money, and it being hard to make change, he issued tickets good for the requisite amount in goods at his store. In 1868 he built a new house on Baldwin Creek, and the Indians soon after becoming hostile, about sixty miners came down from Miner's Delight to protect him and his family and rescue them from a perilous situa- tion, and while on their way the miners found seven men who had been killed by savages and hastened to convoy the Baldwins to South Pass. Two years later the U. S. government sent troops to Fort Brown and in 1872 Fort Stanbaugh was established, and the major appointed posttrader and postmaster, remaining there in that dual ca- pacity for ten years having many thrilling exper- iences with the Indians. In 1879 ne returned to the valley and built the house now occupied by Mrs. Baldwin, having a year previous sent P. P. Dickinson forward with merchandise to sell on commission. In 1883 he took charge of the en- terprise and built the store now conducted by his son, Melvin Baldwin, to whom he sold it in 1890. On January 12, 1892, after a career of unusual adventure and usefulness, he died at his late home and was laid to rest with every demonstra- tion of popular affection in the beautiful region he had done so much to civilize and fructify. He was a valued member of the Masonic fraternity and also of the Grand Army of the Republic. Throughout their eventful married life Mrs. Baldwin entered fully into all of his aspirations and designs, proving herself a worthy com- panion for the bold, resourceful and produc- tive man whose name is a synonym for the best qualities of the very highest type of American pioneer and soldier. They have nine children, all living, Almonto, wife of Sylvester Read, now de- ceased ; Evelyn, wife of Dr. Thomas G. Maghee of Rawlins, Wyo., Melville, merchant at Lander; Stella, wife of John Chittham , of Lander ; Louisa, wife of J. Ludin of New York City; George, the first child born in Lander Valley, now at Lander ; Josephine ; Grace ; Florence, wife of Griffith Magee, of Rawlins. CUSHING W. BUTTERFIELD. Nothing in the history of the American peo- ple is more remarkable or more indicative of their real character than the lofty courage, stern endurance, unflagging industry and readiness for every requirement shown by the pioneers or early settlers in all parts of our land. Every town of consequence, which is not the sudden and recent product of trade conditions, venerates the memory of some sterling, though it may be rug- ged founder, who anticipating the tide of emi- gration which has been flowing from the Atlantic seaboard steadily toward the sunset until it has overspread the whole country, planted his foot in the wilderness and hewed out a new home wherein his hopes might expand and flourish. To this, class belonged the late Gushing W. Butterfield of Crook county, Wyoming, who was one of the substantial and forceful elements in the early settlement and civilization. He was a native of Vermont, coming with parents to Iowa late in the sixties he passed a number of years at Durant, Cedar county, and there he met and married with Miss Hattie C. Collier, a na- tive of Ohio, and they soon after removed to O'Brien county in the same state where he was engaged in farming until 1882. At that time he came overland to Wyoming, bringing his young family and arriving at Beulah in July. Within a month after his arrival he located the ranch on Red Water Creek, eighteen miles northeast of Sundance, which is now owned by his sons, 192 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. George C. and Burdette S. Butterfield. Only three ranches were occupied and under cultiva- tion on the creek when this family settled there and the country was yet the primeval wilderness the habitat of the savage and wild beast. All the privations and dangers of remote pioneer life were to be encountered and all the conveniences and blandishments of cultivated life to be fore- gone. Yet with resolute hearts and lofty courage the family entered into a contest where men, beasts and nature seemed arrayed against them, and went steadily forward from victory to vic- tory. They began an industry in raising cattle and horses which was conducted under the direction of the father until 1888 when he turned it over to his sons and went to Nebraska. He remained there but a short time, then re- turned to Wyoming where he died in September, 1890. His widow survived him eleven years dying in 1901. No residents of the county were better known or more highly esteemed. Mr. Butterfield was noted far and wide for his great industry and his stern and unyielding integrity. He was always active in politics as a Republican but never sought office for himself, being a man of lofty public spirit and the most progressive ideas. The family consists of four children. William H. Butterfield, the eldest son, born in 1868, is perhaps the best-known man of the name in the live stock circles of the state. He was one of the early range riders of the county, riding for a number of large cattle companies and winning high commendation for his skill and courag"e. He is now a wealthy stock dealer and cattle feeder on a very extensive scale at Wisner, Neb., where in 1891 he married with Miss Bessie L. Mansfield and has since made his home there, taking occasional business trips to Wyoming. Burdette S., the second child, was born in 1870 and was married in 1899 to Miss Ella Douglas, a Crook county lady, resident in the county since she was six months old. Mr». Minnie B. Rich, the third child and only daugh- ter, was educated at the State Normal School at Spearfish, S. D., and was for a number of years one of the county's most popular teachers. She married on June 10, 1899, Henry E. Rich, a prosperous ranchman and resides eight miles north of Sundance. The youngest son and child, George C. Butterfield, was born in March, 1876, at Sheldon, Iowa, and grew to manhood in Crook county and was educated at the public schools supplemented by instruction at the State Normal School at Spearfish, S. D. After leaving school he joined his father on the farm and since then has been occupied with its work and improvement. In 1897 he and his brother Bur- dette S. formed a partnership for conducting a stock business and since have been engaged in raising cattle and horses on a scale of increas- ing magnitude. They have 880 acres of land in addition to the fine home ranch on Red Water Creek which their father took up, the properties being well improved, with good buildings and cultivated with assiduous industry and skill. They understand their business thoroughly, hav- ing had years of practical experience, and are well acquainted with localities and with people in northern Wyoming and adjoining states. They are Republicans in politics but have never al- lowed office to be thrust upon them. The brothers all belong to the Modern Woodmen of America, B. S. and G. C, all holding membership in the lodge at Beulah, except W. H. whose affiliation is at Wisner. Young, active, progressive and highly esteemed, with a full and accurate knowl- edge of their business and tireless energy in push- ing it, as social factors welcomed in every desir- able circle, being in accord with the best tenden- cies in civil affairs, the Butterfield brothers are 011 the threshold of a fruitful and promising future. Burdette has made his home on the ranch and George has been dealing in stock as a com- mission merchant in addition to his ranching interests. ALEXANDER P. BATTRUM. Every clime and every land has given of their people to develop the Great Northwest of the United States, and no element in the inter- esting conglomerate of our population has firm- er fiber or greater fertility of resources than that coming from old England, and among PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 193 those who owe their ancestry to that country Alexander P. Battrum, now prominent in financial circles and the public life of Fremont county, Wyoming, has an honored place. He is a native of County Suffolk, England, born on December 12, 1838, his parents being Thomas and Esther (Parker) Battrum, mem- bers of families long resident in that part of England and of standing and influence. The father was a merchant and farmer and had his son Alexander, the sole survivor of his three children, educated with care. When he was seventeen years of age, in 1855, the young man determined to seek the smiles of fortune for himself in the New World and he set sail for the United States, locating on his arrival in Boone count)', 111., where he found profitable agricultural pursuits ready to his hand. After a short time he removed to Hancock county, and there followed his chosen vocation until the beginnning of the Civil War, when he promptly enlisted in Co. I, Sixteenth Illinois Infantry, with which he took part in a number of im- portant engagements, in 1862 reinlisting in the same regiment. Receiving an ugly saber cut at the battle of Corinth soon after, in December of that year he was discharged on account of physical disability and returned to his home in Illinois. In the spring of 1863 he came to Ne- vada and found congenial employment in the lumber business and a little later in teaming, which he followed for three years. He then took a turn at mining and hotelkeeping at Treasure Hill, near Shermantown, which lasted two years, then in the Freyburg district he fol- lowed mining and teaming for a year, then, after mining a season in California, he returned to Freyburg, thence a short time later remov- ing to Pioche, where he was occupied in min- ing and stockraising for five 3'ears. In 1880 he came to Wyoming and started a permanent stock business, having sent a band of horses into the state two years before in care of Messrs. Atkins & Gillis. He bought the land near Lander on which he has since lived, con- sisting of the 400 acres located about six miles east of the town, which he has recently sold, and there he built up and conducted a profitable and expanding trade in graded Hereford cat- tle and desirable breeds of thoroughbred horses, having a fine barn and outbuildings. He is still interested in a similar enterprise on 960 acres of land on Green River in Uinta county, and is keenly alive to every element of progress in the county and every financial, intellectual and moral support of the advancing tides. In 1900 he was elected county commissioner and at the organization of the board was chosen president. His services to the county in this position have been universally commended as wise and valua- ble. He is a member of the order of Odd Fel- lows, holding the rank of past grand in the lo- cal lodge, and belongs to the Grand Army of the Republic. On August 1, 1886, he married Mrs. Elizabeth Clark, of Lander, the capable widow of William Clark, who was frozen to death in this county. In their attractive resi- dence in Lander a warm genialty and generous hospitality are ever present. They have had two children, Viola E., a student at the Boul- der, Colo., Normal School, and Leslie A., killed by a horse in 1899. By her first marriage Mrs. Battrum had five children, four of whom are living. HON. H. L. CALLAWAY, M. D. The ancestry of the distinguished citizen of Fremont county, Wyoming, whose name heads this review, traces back through two genera- tions of gallant Kentuckians to prominent fam- ilies of Virginia, domiciled in the Old Dominion from an early Colonial period. The Doctor pre- sents in his character the best characteristics of both states, being a polished, courtly and cultivated gentleman of rare professional skill, possessing practical business qualities of a high order. These qualities, combined with his great services in connection with the develop- ment and the building up of the state of Wyom- ing have given him a warm place in the esteem of the people, which his capable and effective services in the State Senate has intensified and enlarged. Doctor Callaway was born in the 194 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. cultured city of Lexington, Ky., on October 2J, 1864, the son of Dr. J. B. and Ella (Logan) Callaway, both of ancient English lineage, Americanized and improved by a long connec- tion with the thrilling events of Virginia Colo- nial and Revolutionary history and with fron- tier life in the Blue Grass state, the father being a "physician and surgeon of skill and promi- nence. The atmosphere of his home, which after the war period was removed to Missouri, was keenly intellectual, and of his family of six children, three sons engaged in medicine or dentistry. Dr. L. H. is a practicing physician of Nevada, Mo. ; Dr. H. L. of Lander, Wyo. ; Frank B. of Nevada, Mo. ; Dr. William L., a dentist of Nevada, Mo. ; Sarah, wife of G. R. Godfrey of Nevada, Mo. ; Ella, wife of Eugene Parish, also of Nevada, Mo. Dr. H. L. Calla- way received his early literary training in the schools of Nevada, Mo., suppplementing this by a three-years' course of study at the Central College of Fayette, Mo. Thereafter he matric- ulated in the St. Louis Medical College, pur- suing the scientific and technical studies neces- sary to the complete equipment of a physician and surgeon for two years, then continuing these studies at that noted institution, the Uni- versity of Louisville, Ky., for one year, then devoting one year to hospital practice in the Missouri Pacific Railroad Hospital at St. Louis, Mo., still further pursuing his investigations and medical study for another year at the Beau- mont Medical College of St. Louis, from which he was graduated in 1890 as M. D. With this splendid preparation and mental equipment, Doctor Callaway began an active professional life at Lander, Wyo., in 1891, and here he has since resided, enjoying a marked personal popu- larity and controlling a large and representative patronage. He keeps in touch with the marked advances of the sciences of which he is the local interpreter by reading the best and latest litera- ture and through his connection with medical societies, and his skill as a physician and sur- geon has often been demonstrated. The Doc- tor has been a very prominent factor in the de- velopment of this section of Wyoming, is inter- ested to some extent in its stock industry, in its oil territory and in its mining and is one of the promoters and founders of the thriving town of Thermopolis. Indeed, all things which he has touched have seemed to prosper, while in all ways he stands as one of the best representa- tives of the professional and cultured people of the state. In 1896 his talents and zeal in the cause of the people had become so manifest that he was placed in nomination by the Democratic party as its candidate for state senator, being successful at the polls by a triumphant majority, holding the office for four years. Fraternally the Doctor has attained the Knights Templar de- gree in the Masonic order and is affiliated with the Knights of Pythias. At the present writing he is a member of the city council of Lander, and he is at all times and under all circum- stances a liberal contributor of time and means to the advancement and interests of the city, his county and his state. He has a host of friends, winning and retaining them by his ad- mirable qualities of head and heart. ABNER LUMAN. The immediate progenitors of Mr. Luman were in the true sense representative men and women, whose integrity, moral worth and in- tellectual endowments gave them standing and influence. His father, James Luman, was a native of Ohio and an industrious tiller of the soil who followed agricultural pursuits in Ohio for some years and then changed his residence to West Virginia where he continued his chosen calling until his removal in 1855 to Kansas, where he passed the remainder of his life, dying in 1865 at the age of fifty-six. He was an honorable and upright man of un- impeachable character, a great lover of home and a liberal provider for his family. He never aspired to public distinction but was content to pursue the even tenor of his way as a plain, honest farmer, and to be known only as a pri- vate citizen. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Matilda Anchram. was born in Pennsyl- vania, was married in Ohio and departed this s£. PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 195 life in St. Joseph county, Mo., in 1880. She possessed a beautiful Christian character and was a zealous worker in her church and early instilled into the minds of her seven children the principles of religion by which her own life was directed. Abner Luman was born on February 23, 1849, i n West Virginia and ac- companied his parents to Kansas when but six years old. His boyhood and youth sped away on the farm, and in the public schools he secured his first instructions in the mysteries of education. At an early age he became ani- mated with a desire to see something of the world, and when a mere youth he made a trip to New Mexico and shortly after his return went to Denver, Colo., in the vicinity of which city he remained until September, 1866, then went fur- ther west, passing the winter in various parts of Utah, then made his way to Montana, where for ten years he was engaged in staging and freighting. While thus employed Mr. Luman drove to all the principal points of the western states and territories, meeting with thrilling experiences, not always free from adventure and danger. On discontinuing the above work he began trailing cattle and sheep for different parties from the northwest to Cheyenne and after two years at this business he gave up his position and engaged in the stock business upon his own responsibility, locating a ranch in Sweetwater county, Wyo., in 1880, from which time dates his career as an independent factor in the business world. Mr. Luman began by buying cattle and sheep, and in due time ex- tended his operations until he had a large and well stocked ranch and was on the high road to prosperity. In purchasing stock he traveled extensively over nearly every part of the west, coming in contact with the leading cattle and sheep raisers, every day becoming more and more experienced as a close observer and far- seeing business man. Without going into de- tails, suffice it to say that from the beginning his business met his most sanguine expecta- tions and each year his operations grew in mag- nitude until he became known as one of the enterprising and most prosperous stockmen of 12 Wyoming. He continued dealing in cattle and sheep and since 1896 he has largely extended his operations in sheep. Mr. Luman's success has been commensurate with the efforts he has put forth, owning several large ranches in Wyoming and Idaho, besides valuable prop- erty throughout the west, including a fine resi- dence in Salt Lake City, where his family reside. Of a persevering and indomitable nature, he has sturdily and persistently held to his course; obstacles he has encountered and many of his best achievements were wrested from condi- tions which would have insured certain defeat to men of less courageous resolution. To rise equal to emergencies and to overcome difficul- ties have been among his chief characteristics, and being a man of sound judgment and prac- tical expedients he seldom addresses himself to an undertaking without careful plans for carrying it to a successful conclusion. He is a man of action rather than of words. His mind is strongly analytical and in its scope deep and wide. He is decidedly utilitarian, energy of character, firmness of purpose and unswerv- ing integrity being among his most pronounced traits. He looks searchingly and comprehen- sively into the nature of probable results and possesses the rare faculty of seeing with ac- curacy the end from the beginning. Indefati- gable and with earnestness of purpose, he goes forward where others hesitate, is confident where others doubt and wins success where others would see nothing but discouragement, if not disaster. A sanguine disposition has enabled him to take advantage of circumstances and where opportunities are lacking he pos- sesses the power to create them. As a citizen Mr. Luman is popular with all classes and in his home life few are as happy and contented or as comfortably situated. His home at Salt Lake is one of the beautiful and attractive pri- vate residences of the "city and no business or worldly cares are permitted to disturb the quiet of the domestic circle or to interfere with its peace or serenity. It is presided over by a ladv of culture and refinement, with whom he was wedded on October 22, 1885, her maiden 196 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. name being Jennette Snedden, and she is the daughter of Robert and Mary (Monteith) Sned- den, natives respectively of Scotland and the United States. She has borne her husband seven children, Eugene, Jennette, Kenneth J., Mary, Phillis, Richard, Frank and Rock, all living but the two last named, who departed this life when they were eleven years and eleven months old respectively. Mr. Luman has every reason to feel proud of his family, the domes- tic circle in many respects approaching the ideal in the mutual love and interest which the dif- ferent members manifest. He has provided for his children the best educational advantages obtainable and considers no reasonable sacri- fice too great to fit and prepare them for useful stations in the world. These laudable efforts are heartily seconded by the wife and mother, and both parents and children have harmoniously cooperated for this desirable end. GEORGE F. CHAPMAN. George F. Chapman, one of the leaders of the enterprising citizens of Evanston, Wyo- ming, comes of sturdy Yankee stock, for his parents and grandparents were all natives of Massachusetts, where he himself was born in Canton, in i860, his father being Oliver S. Chap- man, born at Belchertown, Mass., in 181 1, and during his mature life he was always interested in railroads and railroad building, aiding in the construction of the first railroad in Massachu- setts and being a member of the first board of directors of the Union Pacific Railroad. Politi- cally he was a Republican, and his life ended in 1879, his remains being buried at Canton, Mass. His wife, the mother of George F. Chapman, was Elizabeth Everett, born in 181 7 at Canton, Mass., where she was married and lived until two years ago, when she also passed away. Her remains rest beside those of her husband. Her father, Leonard Everett, and her mother also were natives of Massachusetts and their remains also rest in the attractive ceme- tery at Canton. George F. Chapman was edu- cated at Canton and in the Massachusetts Me- chanical University of Technology. Graduat- ing from the latter in 1878, he came to Omaha, Neb., engaged in railroading, and at the time he closed his connection with this road he was the master mechanic of the Union Pacific Rail- road, with headquarters at Evanston. Having become largely interested in ranching property in company with his brother, J. E. Chapman, he ably engaged in the active management of its affairs and also with a meat business in Evans- ton, which was started fifteen years ago, and at the present writing the brothers own 56,000 acres of land in Rich county, Utah, which they devote principally to sheepraising. In politics Mr. Chapman is a Republican, and he was elect- ed a member of the legislature of Wyoming in 1892 and served with credit to himself and bene- fit to his constituents, manifesting legislative qualities of a high character. Mr. Chapman Was first married in 1882 to Eliza Copen, who, like himself, was a native of Canton, and de- scended from Colonial families of Massachu- setts. Her parents were George and Clara (Boy- ton) Copen, whose mortal remains were buried in their native place, Massachusetts. Mrs. Chapman died about four years ago, leaving her husband with four children : Ruth, George H., Elizabeth L. and Frederick. About two years ago Mr. Chapman again entered matrimony with a member of the distinguished old Ames family, which has furnished so many notable people of the state and nation, being prominent in every generation from Colonial days. She was Alice Ames, a daughter of Frank and Cath- erine (Copeland) Ames, of whom the father is dead and the mother a resident of Boston. ADIX E. BROWX. This well-known stockman, whose ranch is located seven miles north of Evanston. Uinta county, Wyoming, was born in Summercoates, Derbyshire, England, on December 19. 1853, a son of William and Hannah (Clark) Brown. The father was engaged in mining in England ami is now a farmer in Providence, Utah, being a member of the Latter Dav Saints church. PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 197 Mrs. Hannah (Clark) Brown was called front earth at Almy on January 25, 1882, at the age of forty-six years, and her remains were there interred. James and Martha (England) Clark, the parents of Mrs. Hannah Brown, were also natives of England, the former being a son of Josiah and Mary (Skevington) Brown and an engineer by profession. In 1871 the Brown family came to the United States and settled in Utah. At the age of nine years Adin E. went to work in the mines of England, and mining was his occupation until he had attained his majority, when, about 1873, he entered eighty acres of his present homestead, which is now jointly owned by himself and wife and is located in Almy. Mrs. Harriet Brown, wife of Adin Brown, owned 160 acres at Hilliard, Wyo., about twenty-five miles south of Evanston, which is now jointly owned by herself and hus- band. Adin E. Brown was married in Almy on September 28, 1873, to Miss Harriet Bower, a daughter of William and Martha (Davis) Bower, natives of Bunsley, Nottinghamshire, England, who came to Uinta county, Wyo., on July 4, 1872. The father of Mrs. Brown was a son of Christopher and Helen (Housley) Bower, also natives of England. William Bower was born on July 19, 1832, was a farmer, and died at Croydon, Utah, on July 21, 1890; his widow now resides in Dempsey, Idaho. Mr. and Mrs. Adin E. Brown had twelve children, of whom one was the wife of William Nisbitt, and departed this life on March 10, 1894; Wil- liam H. married Miss Nellie Aikten, and is liv- ing in, Lafayette, Colo.; Herbert is married to Mabel Godber and resides in Hilliard, Wyo. ; Annie E., wife of Benjamin Benjamine of Spring Valley, Uinta county, Wyo. ; Maud M., died in infancy; Adin, Jr., died July 7, 1900, aged seventeen years, nine months and sixteen days; Frank married Elizabeth Boan and lives in Spring Valley, Wyo. ; Charles Milton, died an infant; Harriet H. and Lyman are still liv- ing, and the two others died in infancy. Mr. Brown is one of the most enterprising farmers and cattlemen in Uinta county and by his in- dustry he has done much to develop the pros- perity of the community. The family enjoys the esteem of all their neighbors, and the neat- ness and thrift which characterize his ranch are matters of universal admiration and com- mendation. He is the "architect of his own fortune," and deserves all the praise which is accorded him. He is the kind of a man that a newly settled section of a country most profits by in securing as a resident, and the citizens of Uinta county may well congratulate themselves at having his presence among them. EDMUND CUSACK. An energetic, progressive and widewake stockgrower and liveryman of Thermopolis, one of the first public officials of his county, helping to fix the metes and bounds and estab- lish the character of its political and official de- partments and always actively and practically interested in the welfare of his community, Ed- mund Cusack is thoroughly identified with the growth and development of Wyoming and has a good record of faithful service to his credit wherever he has lived. He is a native of Leav- enworth, Kan., born in 1859, the son of John and Mary Cusack, who came to that state from their native Ireland soon after they were mar- ried. In 1867 they removed to Cass county, Neb., where their son Edmund was reared and educated. In 1885 he came to Wyoming, locat- ing first at Cheyenne and later in the Bighorn basin. Here for years he rode the range and in 1887 located a homestead at the mouth of Owl Creek, where he engaged in stockraising, farming and carrying the U. S. mail under con- tract, having the first route from Lost Cabin. He has given up his contract for carrying the mails, but still retains his ranch of 320 acres and carries on his stock business, handling- large bands of horses and cattle. In 1898 he engaged in merchandising at Thermopolis, but sold out in 1900. Two years later he started his present livery business in the town and, by his careful attention to its requirements and his enterprise in meeting them, he has expanded it to a large and busy enterprise, up-to-date in 198 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. every respect and one of the finest of its kind in a large scope of country. In politics Mr. Cusack is an ardent Democrat, always lending aid to his party's campaigns. He was a mem- ber of the first board of county commissioners elected in Bighorn county and was one of the first justices of the peace in this part of the country. In the administration of both offices he had important functions to perform and won general commendation by his fidelity, intelli- gence and breadth of view. He belongs to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Modern Woodmen of America. At Meeteetse, in 1890, he was married with Miss Almyra Adams, a native of Ohio, who died on June 10, 1899, leaving one child, their daughter Mary. In all the essentials of good citizenship Mr. Cusack has fully satisfied the requirements and as a business man and public official he has ex- hibited an uprightness and force of character worthy of emulation and approval by all classes of the people. DAVID F. CROUT. A prominent stockman and rancher of Wyoming,' and one of the most progressive and enterprising citizens of his section of the state is David F. Crout, whose address is Collins, Wyo. A native of Jackson county, Mich., he was born on October 14, 1861, the son of Wil- liam and Melissa A. (Bryant) Crout, natives of New York. The paternal grandfather, John Crout, was also a native of the Empire state, removed to Michigan in his early life and was one of the pioneers of that state and remained there engaged in agriculture up to the time of his death. The father also followed farming in Michigan until 1861, when he enlisted as a member of the First Regiment of Michigan Cavalry, for service in the Civil War, in which service he received a promotion for gallantry in action, and by a re-enlistment he was con- tinued in the army and detailed to guard the stages on the old overland stageroad to Cali- fornia. He began this service in 1866 and served in it for about three years, having many exciting experiences on the frontier and being frequently engaged in skirmishes with the In- dians, with several narrow escapes. In 1869 he was mustered out at Fort Douglass near Salt Lake City, Utah, and came to Laramie, Wyo., and engaged in the hotel business, and his place, the Frontier Hotel, was one of the fa- mous resorts of the early days. He carried on this business successfully for thirteen years, improving his property from time to time, as his patronage demanded and the country grew in population and business. In 1883. he located the ranch on Beaver Creek which is now the property of W. R. Hunter, and there engaged in ranching and the raising of sjtock, continuing in this to the time of his decease, which oc- curred in 1896. He was a representative man of the community and was held in high esteem by a large circle of friends and acquaintances. David F. Crout was the youngest son of his father and grew to manhood in Wyoming, hav- ing come hither in 1869. He received his early education in the primitive public schools, and remained with his parents until 1883, when he located his present ranch, and moved unto it shortly afterward. Here he engaged in ranch- ing and stockraising, and was successful. He gradually improved his property, adding to his holdings each year both land and cattle, until he is now the owner of one of the finest ranches in that section of Wyoming, with about 340 acres under irrigation and raising great quan- tities of alfalfa each year, often putting up 500 tons for the use of his own stock. He has a fine herd of graded Shorthorn cattle, being the owner of some of the most valuable animals in the state. He is one of the large property own- ers and substantial business men of that section. On November 30, 1892, Mr. Crout was united in marriage with Miss Jennie M. Hunter, a na- tive of Illinois and a daughter of Thomas W. Hunter, a well-known business man, who was extensively engaged in stockraising both in Illin- ois and other states. To this union were born two children. William H. and Marion Grace. In 1898 the health of Mrs. Crout began to fail and in spite of every effort that affection could suggest PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 199 or money command to restore her to health she passed away from earth in 1900. Frater- nally, Mr. Crout is affiliated with the Independ- ent Order of Odd Fellows, the order of Macca- bees, the Modern Woodmen of America and the Yeomen, and takes an active interest in the fra- ternal life of the community where he resides. His ranch is situated on Beaver Creek, about eleven miles from Encampment, near the new mining districts where several large mines are now being' developed, being in the center of one of the best sections of Wyoming. Mr. Crout is an enterprising, progressive and successful man, who has done much to develop the re- sources of this portion of the state, and is- high- ly respected. WILLIAM C. CASTO. Every man who earnestly works into practi- cal form the expression of great thoughts and of inspiring and lofty ideals is a benefactor to mankind. His operations for success in his par- ticular field of labor help to educate each suc- cessive generation, and such records of life, work and success supply the most inspiring and disin- terested motives to the highest exertion in the present and in the future. We are led to these reflections in contemplating the life and activi- ties of William C. Casto, now of Fort Bridger, Wyoming, who is a native son of the west, born at Montpelier, Idaho, on April 14, 1869, a son of James and Sarah (Odekirk) Casto. His mother was born in Missouri and his father in Indiana when he long conducted the saddlery bus- iness. He was of French origin, while his wife, a daughter of Isaac and Eliza (Dutcher) Ode- kirk, was of German descent, although her par- ents were natives of Ohio. James Casto early became identified with the church of Latter Day Saints and crossed the plains in the second pil- grimage of Mormons in 1850, settling in Provo Canyon, Utah. They removed to Idaho some time in the early sixties where James Casto was a trapper and hunter until his death which oc- curred in 1870, at the age of fifty-five years. Of their union nine children were born, and after the demise of her husband, Mrs. Casto married William Hendrick and they have two living chil- dren. In crossing the plains in 1850 Mrs. Casto drove an ox team the entire distance from the Missouri River to Fort Bridger. Her death oc- curred at Fort Bridger in July 1897, at the age of sixty-four years. Mr. Casto was early left an orphan by his father's death and was brought to Wyoming by his mother at the age of two years. Here his educational discipline was acquired in the common schools and after his school days were over he became a rider on the range, fol- lowing this vocation for many years and he was daring, intrepid and successful. In 1895 he made his home at Fort Bridger, where he has since been connected with various branches of busi- ness, and is now engaged in merchandising. He is a man of great activity, energy and practi- cality. He combines fine taste with his practical qualities and as an evidence of this has the finest residence in Fort Bridger. He is identified to a certain extent with cattleraising and is gen- erally interested in anything that adds to the value or welfare of the community. Fraternally he is identified with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, holding membership with the lodge at Rock Springs. In political relations he is strongly pronounced in favor of the Demo- cratic party, and does earnest work for its candidates, although desiring no position elective or appointive. ' The secret of his successful life can be comprised in the statement that he has ever been a man of well-directed, steady and per- sistent energy, always sincere and honest, and intensely loyal to his friends. He has ever been kind-hearted, hospitable, generous to the needy and diligent and faithful to all his trusts and friendship. As a business man he stands in a high rank. The marriage of Mr. Casto occurred on October 27, 1898, when he was married at Fort Bridger, Wyo., to Miss Rosanna Pearce, a daughter of William and Mary M. (Clucas) Pearce, natives of New Jersey and Missouri. They also are Mormons. Taking the long and wearisome journey across the plains to the prom- ised land in i860, with a handcart train, they are still enjoying life in their home in the west. The home of Mr. and Mrs. Casto is brightened by two children, William Charles and Pearl N. 200 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. KENT KANE CURTIS. The Curtis family has been prominently con- nected with the progress of civilization in America from the earliest days of the Massa- chusetts and Connecticut colonies, and scat- tered all through the county to-day are prom- inent professional men, captains of industry, literary men of high standing, as well as more humble and unpretentious but equally as able representatives, all bearing the name of Curtis. In 1760 there was born in Connecticut a lad who was named Hull Curtis, and he attained early manhood in the most troublous days of the Connecticut colony, and when the effort was made to throw off the British yoke, Hull Cur- tis, then being seventeen years old, became a soldier of the Continental army, seeing much service in bloody engagements and being cap- tured in the battle of Long Island and held a prisoner for months in the old Sugar House prison of New York City. He lived, however, to become once more a free man and to see the British power driven from the land. His son, Philo Curtis, was born in Vermont and became a pioneer farmer in the new lands of New York, where he married Hannah Miller, had sons and daughters, and both of the parents died and were buried in the state of their adoption. Their son, Simon Curtis, was a man of brilliant intellectual powers and a deep and thoughtful student. Having the advantages of a liberal edu- cation, he supplemented this by a thorough course in the medical college at Albany, N. Y., where he made marked progress and was grad- uated with a high standing. Being thus fully equipped for his chosen profession of medicine and surgery, he commenced its practice at Hoosick, N. Y., soon acquiring distinction as a most highly gifted practitioner. This small town could not long contain him and his re- moval to Troy but enlarged the sphere of his usefulness and reputation. His exhausting la- bors in his very large practice caused his com- paratively early death in 1867 at the age of fifty years. His wife was Alcha Cottrell, a daughter of Jonathan and Alcha (Case) Cottrell, the father being born at Hoosick, N. Y., in 1799 and dying there in 1847. He was a farmer and an ener- getic factor in the affairs of his section, being an active and influential Democrat. His wife was born in Hoosick in 1802, where she also died in 1837. Her paternal grandfather was Samuel Cottrell of Rhode Island, and his wife was originally Huldah Southwick. Her mater- nal grandparents were Nathan Case and Sarah Center, of Dutch extraction. At the age of sixteen years Kent Kane Curtis went to sea, but two years of this life was sufficient for him, and he thereafter learned the machinist's trade in Brooklyn, N. Y., becoming a skilled work- man he was employed in New York City, Al- bany, Hoosick, Portland and Astoria, Ore., be- ing expert and well versed in the technique of his vocation. In 1890 he crossed the continent and coming to Wyoming he took up a home- stead at his present location, where he made his permanent home in 1900, his productive ranch residence being located twelve miles north of Kemmerer, and here he is devoting his time, to his cattle interests, which are steadily in- creasing, as well as his estate, his original homestead having been much enlarged. His landed estate now takes up most of his time. On April 27, 1889, Mr. Curtis wedded Miss Matilda Schultz, a daughter of William and Mary (From) Schultz, her father coming from Germany to New York City when only eigh- teen years of age, and by his own endeavors be- coming the proprietor of a large merchandising house in Brooklyn, devoted entirely to the sale of artists' materials, etc. Mr. and Mrs. Curtis enjoy the unqualified respect of their associates and dispense a truly western hospitality in their pleasant home. SYLVANUS COLLETT. The first American ancestor of the prom- inent Collett family of Wyoming and Utah was Daniel Collett, the English emigrant, who made his home in the new lands of Iowa at an early day in its settlement as a pioneer farmer and was later a farmer in Missouri, where was born PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 20 1 his son, Sylvanus. A carpenter and builder by trade, he did much of this work in a widely ex- tended territory and erected the first Christian church of the Cherokee nation, removing to Utah in 1852, where his death took place in 1894 at the age of eighty-six, long surviving his wife, Esther, an English lady of Welsh extrac- tion, whose character was one of rare beauty and excellence. After passing some years on the Missouri homestead with his father, Syl- vanus Collett plunged into the wilderness coun- try of Montana, whither its" mineral treasures had commenced to gather the people of the earth, and as a miner contended with the num- berless privations and dangers of those primi- tive days when the Indian as well as the buffalo swarmed the plains, and when the "road agent" had scarcely commenced to realize the power of the "Vigilants." Under these educational forces he soon developed into a hardy moun- taineer, keen of sight, quick and unerring as a shot, ready to meet the audacious Indian with equal audacity or his cunning trickeries with subtler wiles. From i860 to 1872 he followed agriculture in Utah, removing to Idaho and engaging in stockraising and farming for a time, soon, however, returning to Uinta county, Wyo., in 1874, there locating on a fine ranch of 160 acres and successfully operating in cattle, conducting his operations with rare discrimina- tion and care and being greatly prospered in his undertakings. A sterling Democrat in politics, his great ability made him a positive force in the development of whatever section might be his home, and he was prominent in the creation of Uinta county, and one of the first justices of the organization. At his hospitable home every one was welcome and no better example of western courtesy existed in many a long mile of distance. He married with Miss Lydia Karens, a native of Iowa and a daughter of Thomas and Elizabeth Karens, the father com- ing from the Isle of Man to America- and ulti- mately making the permanent family home in Utah, where both himself and wife lie buried in Salt Lake City. Their daughter, Mrs. Col- lett, died in 1865 and her burial place is in Cache county, Utah. Their f our children bore the following names : Esther A., Lydia, Syl- vester and Thomas K. Sylvester Collett, son of Sylvanus and Lydia (Karens) Collett, was born on July 23, 1863, in Cache county, Utah, and his early years were passed in the acquisi- tion of the practical knowledge of Utah farm- ing and the details of successful operations in stockraising, and at the age of sixteen, while some of the eastern youths would be conning over books or studying bookkeeping in a com- mercial school, he was a man of independent business, raising cattle for himself, an occupa- tion that s'oon tests both the physical and men- tal equipment of the operator. Mr. Collett was steadily successful and on his preemption claim at Cokedale, Wyo., he has placed fine improve- ments and is considered one of the prominent cattlemen of the section, his operations being of wide scope and importance, and demonstrat- ing his wise supervision and care. A Repub- lican in politics, he has worthily held the office of justice of the peace for six years and also that of school trustee, while fraternally he is a valued member of the Woodmen of the World. In 1888 Mr. Collett was united in matrimony with Miss Nora Tanner, a native of Wyoming and a daughter of William and Lucy (Snider) Tanner, early settlers of the territory, and they have one child. JAMES A. CROCHERON. One of the prosperous stockmen of Carbon county, Wyoming, and one of the representative citizens of that state and also a native of the state of New York, James A. Crocheron was born in Richmond county, in January, 1838, the son of Nicholas and Sophia C. (Guyon) Croch- eron, both natives of Staten Island. The Crocheron and Guyon families were of Hugue- not stock and members of both families came to America and leaving France soon after the St. Bartholomew massacre, they settled in New York during the seventeenth century. His father spent the greater portion of his active life on Staten Island, holding a position under the 202 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. U. S. government as the resident customs officer, the position being one of importance and respon- sibility, and he discharged its duties with the full approval of his superior officers. He had a family of four sons and six daughters, of whom James received his elementary education in the public schools of the community where his boy- hood's home was located on Staten Island and in early life he removed to Alabama, where the family of a brother was located. Here he be- came a clerk in the office of his brother, William H. Crocheron who was engaged in a general mercantile business and subsequently he was ad- mitted to a partnership. Upon the breaking out of the Civil War, while not a believer in the prin- ciple of secession, he yet espoused the cause of his adopted state and enlisted in the Third Ala- bama Infantry, under Col. J. M. Withers. The regiment was ordered to Norfolk, Virginia, where they had charge of the navy yard and during the first year of service it was occupied in garrison duty. Mr. Crocheron saw his first active service on the James River in Virginia, and was a witness of the historic naval battle be- tween the Monitor and the Merrimac. After that engagement his regiment was ordered to Eichmond, then menaced by the Monitor, was transferred to the brigade of Gen. William Ma- hone and subsequently took part in the battle of Fair Oaks or Seven Pines, being then assigned to the Alabama brigade of General Rhodes. Later he was a participant in the Seven Days Fight in Virginia and took part in all the princi- pal engagements of the armies of the Potomac, his regiment being under command of Stonewall Jackson. In his military service he was wounded three times, first at the battle of Fair Oaks, second at the battle of Boonesborough Gap, and third at the battle of Gettysburg. His injuries at Fair Oaks were not serious and he soon re- covered, but at Boonesborough Gap he was shot down, left upon the field and made a prison- er by the Union forces, taken to the U. S. hospital at West Philadelphia, and upon his recovery after some time was exchanged and re- turned to his regiment. At the battle of Gettys- burg, he was still more seriously wounded, was again made a prisoner, but again paroled after three months captivity. At the close of the war he returneed to his Alabama home and accepted a position as a clerk in the city of Montgomery where he remained for some time, subsequently removing to Mobile, where he again engaged in business with his brother William. He remain- ed here successfully engaged in business for about five years, when he removed to Galveston, Tex., and was there engaged in commercial pur- suits up to the year 1887, when he came to the territory of Wyoming. Here he established him- self on Cow Creek, about seven miles north of the city of Encampment, and engaged in ranch- ing and stockraising. In this enterprise he has met success and is now the owner of one of the finest ranch properties in his section of the state, and he is known as one of the leading citizens of Carbon county, being held in high esteem. In August, 1871, Mr. Crocheron was united in marriage with Miss Mary E. Kelly, a native of Louisiana and a member of one of its prominent families. To their union were born three children, Laura, now Mrs. Brewer, who resides at Denver, Colo. ; Annie. Mrs. Kling. whose home is on Cow Creek, Wyo. ; Sophia G., now living in Denver, Colo. Mrs. Crocheron died in 188 1, and in 1886,, while in the state of Texas, Mr. Crocheron was again married, the bride being Miss Helen Owen, a native of Connecticut, whose parents were highly re- spected citizens of that commonwealth and of ancient Welsh lineage. She is an attractive lady, whose graces of culture and refinement center in the home life and embellish it. making it also a center of most gracious and generous hospi- tality. Mr. Crocheron has not in recent years taken an active part in political life, preferring to give his entire time and attention to the care and management of his ranch interests, although he has been solicited by his party friends and as- sociates to become a candidate for positions of trust and honor. Just after the close of the war he was elected an alderman of the city of Mobile. Ala., and served in that capacity with capability and the satisfaction of his constituents. He is a wearer of the bado-e of the Southern Cross of PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 203 Honor, a mark of distinction which means much to the soldiers of the Confederacy, and which ex- emplifies the heroic services he rendered to the Lost Cause, a progressive and spirited citizen, doing much in a private capacity to advance the interests of the community and to promote the general welfare of the public. HORACE COLE. The wild plains and ranges of the Great Northwest of the United States have not given to the world style in dress or fashion in man- ners, but they have given to American citizen- ship some of its firmest fiber, best brain, stur- diest brawn, most resolute spirit and wildest sweep of vision. The great army of industrial progress which has overspread them and made them fruitful in all the products for comforta- ble living, enterprising in all the elements of commercial greatness and rich in all the bless- ings of political freedom, has dealt with great problems in human destiny and sown mighty harvests for human good. Among the silent units of this loud sum of manly enterprise, Hor- ace Cole of near Sundance, Wyoming, has a well- established rank and is entitled to due considera- tion as an old settler and a progressive and public spirited citizen. He is a native of Putnam county, N. Y., born on March 17, 1844, the son of Horace B. and Betsey (Cummings) Cole, the former a native of New York and the latter of Connec- ticut. The father was a well-to-do farmer in New York, where he passed his entire life with the exception of a short time spent in Ohio just previous to his death, which occurred on Janu- ary 11, 1844, about two months before the birth of his son Horace. The mother lived until 1887, having made her home with Horace in Wyoming, where she died. After her husband's death she resided in Putnam county, N. Y., until 1848, then removed her family to Ohio to live on a farm which her husband had bought in Ashtabula county, where Horace grew to the age of seventeen and received his education. On November 26, 1861, he enlisted in the Sixth Ohio Cavalry in defense of the Union and served in that regiment until December, 1864. He was in the Army of the Potomac and saw arduous and exhausting service in the field and on the march, being most of the time the com- missary sergeant of his company. In July, 1864, he was captured and confined in Libby prison until near the end of that year, when he was paroled and returned to Ohio, where he engaged in farming until 1869, then removing to Missouri he bought a farm in Harrison county, which he cultivated until the spring of 1873, then took another flight toward the set- ting sun, halting in Harlan county, Neb., and farming and raising stock there until 1877. At that time the Black Hills was the Mecca of all Argonauts and he joined the rush to that re- gion and passed five years prospecting and mining in and around Deadwood. In 1882 he again sought the cultivation of the soil as an agreeable occupation and coming into north- ern Wyoming, took up a homestead seven and one-half miles northeast of Sundance and ad- joining the ranch on which he now lives. There he raised cattle and farmed his land until 1897, when, having been elected to the office, he qual- ified as sheriff of the county and took up his residence at Sundance. At the end of one term he retired from public life against the wishes of his party friends in order to devote his time and energies entirely to raising cattle, settling on the ranch which is his present home and which he had bought in 1895. ^ consists of 960 acres of fertile and well located land, all in one body, considerable of it under cultivation. He raises nothing for market, however, feeding all his grain and hay to his stock. He has a pleasant and convenient cottage residence on the ranch, with good barns, sheds, corrals, etc. From his advent into the neighborhood he has taken great interest in the growth and develop- ment of the county and he has made substan- tial contributions of time and counsel to its advancement. The country was very thinly set- tled when he came to it, but under the inspira- tion of such examples and such impelling forces as his it has been rapidly occupied and built up. 204 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. He is a Republican in politics, giving his party loyal and zealous service, and while averse to official life, he has yielded to importunity and accepted the position of commissioner of the State Soldier's Home in addition to his office of sheriff. On September 28, 1879, at Central City, S. D., he was married with Mrs. Maria (Ogden) Randall, a native of Illinois and a daughter of David and Mary Ogden of that state. Her parents came to the Black Hills in the spring of 1877 and in 1882 located in Crook county, Wyo., where they conducted a leading stock industry until the death of the father. By her former marriage Mrs. Cole has one child, Roy R. Randall. The Coles have had four chil- dren, Wavie, Daymond and Raymon, twins, the latter of whom died on June 17, 1897, at the age of four years and five months, and Ralph. The family attend the ■ Methodist Episcopal church at Sundance and are active in its works of benevolence and charity. PETER P. DICKINSON. Exhibiting in the creditable, and highly ap- preciated discharge of the duties of his impor- tant public office as county treasurer of Fre- mont county the sterling qualities of progres- sive citizenship, ability and integrity which he inherited from a long line of patriotic ancestors, Peter P. Dickinson is one of the most useful and esteemed public men of Wyoming. His life in the commonwealth began in her early days when men were few and difficulties of liv- ing were many. He was born in New York on September 25, 1845, a son °f William and Katharine (Richtmyer) Dickinson, natives of New York, the former of English origin and the latter belonging to the old Dutch families of New Amsterdam. The father, a wheelwright by occupation, worked industriously at his trade except when public duty called him to the field of battle or the forum of civil activity. The grandfather, Moses Dickinson, who came from England to the United States when he was three years old, was a soldier in the Revolution and fought side by side with his father in that great struggle. Conrad Richtmyer, Mr. Dick- inson's maternal grandfather, also an American patriot, on many a bloody battlefield under the banner of the Continental army displayed the valor that made his country free and her citi- zen soldiery respected throughout the martial world. Mr. Dickinson attended the district schools of his native state and finished his school education with a course at Eastman Business College in New York, then came west to Denver, Colo., in 1863, and for seven years endured the hardships and privations of a miner's and teamster's life. During the next three years he was engaged in the care of stock and in mining for Major Baldwin and Mr. Kline at Camp Stanbaugh, in 1874 removing to Lander, where he has since resided, busily fol- lowing mercantile pursuits until 1882, after which time he entered upon a large cattle and real-estate business. He owns 180 acres of ex- cellent land on the north fork of the Popo Agie and an additional tract of eighty acres of hay land nearby, all well improved and in a high state of cultivation. Being a firm believer in the success and continued prosperity of Wyo- ming, he has invested the fruits of his labor in real-estate in the town of Lander, of which he was one of the founders, and has already real- ized the wisdom of his choice in the growing greatness and importance of the town. In con- nection with his son he conducts the Eureka meat market and handles a large number of cat- tle. He belongs to the Masonic order in vari- ous of its branches, holding membership in Hugh de Payen Commandery, K. T., of Lander, and Corean Temple of the Mystic Shrine at Rawlins. In public affairs he has always been active and forceful as a Democrat, rendering good service to his people and his party amid the rank and file and in responsible official sta-' tions. He was from 1888 assessor of his county for a number of years, was mayor of Lander during an important time in its history and was elected to the legislature without his consent but declined to accept the seat. In 1900 he was chosen county treasurer of Fremont county, being reelected in 1902. and has con- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 205 ducted his office to the satisfaction and com- mendation of citizens of all shades of political opinion. On August 18, 1875, he was married with Mrs. Margaret Heenan, the widow of Michael Heenan, who was killed by the Indians near Miner's Delight in September, 1872. They have had four children, William H., a merchant at Lander; Byron P. and Herman C, twins who died in infancy ; Margaret N., now a law student at Ann Arbor (Mich.) University. By her first marriage Mrs. Dickinson had three children, Mary, now the wife of George Jackson, a prosperous stockman of Fremont county ; James B. Heenan, also a stockman conducting an extensive and profitable business ; Emma, now the wife of William G. Johnson, one of Lander's leading meat merchants. STRAUTHER DEAN. The unending versatility of the American mind, which can mold a shapely destiny out of any plastic conditions that fate may fling be- fore it, is well illustrated in the career of Strauther Dean of Crook county, Wyoming, one of the first settlers in his part of the coun- try and one of the valiant men of Wyoming who have come up through tribulation. His life for years was one continuous succession of dan- gers and difficulties, constantly threatened by savage beasts and still more savage men, be- ing exposed to the ravages of hunger and thirst, the rage of storms and the violence of floods, with no companion in the untrodden wilds but nature's hostile children and no covering at night but the canopy of heaven, black with clouds or beaming with stars as the weather willed. In Westmoreland county, Pa., on De- cember 23, 1840, his eventful life began and early in its history he was earning his "keep" by working in the mines. His parents were Philip and Rachel (Maheney) Dean, the former a native of Virginia of probably Scotch ances- try, and the latter born and partially reared in the Emerald Isle. The father owned and worked valuable salt mines in Pennsylvania and also worked at his trade as a constructing millwright. He was a man of fine mental en- dowment and superior talent in mechanics and lived a very useful life in the midst of a pro- gressive people until 1872, when he was called to his final rest. His widow survived him ten years, being summoned in 1882. Mr. Dean re- ceived a limited education in the schools of his native county; but nature, having marked him for instruction in her own great schools by field and fell, forest and stream, did not permit him to linger long under the guidance of human pedagogues. He began mining- long before "manhood darkened oh his downy cheek," and afterwards learned his trade as an engineer. He remained at home until he was twenty-two years of age and in 1862 went to Washington, D. C, to aid in constructing a canal of which that city was one of the terminals. In this work he was oc- cupied about eighteen months when he returned to Pennsylvania and resumed his mining opera- tions, working there and in Maryland, Virginia and Ohio until 1865. Then, soon after the assassination of President Lincoln, he went to the oil regions of West Virginia and there re- mained until the spring of 1866 when he began making his way westward, reaching- Fort Ben- ton, Mont., in July. For ten years he lived the wild life of the Northwest in this section and British Columbia, hunting and trapping, trad- ing and mining, and in 1876 he came to the Black Hills, making his headquarters at Dead- wood and Spearfish and prospecting through "The Hills." At one time he owned many valu- able mining claims in that section, but never worked them extensively. In 1884 he came to Crook county and located on the ranch he now occupies, which has been his home ever since, although he has not given much attention to ranching, but has rather followed his inquisitive bent by prospecting throughout the surround- ing country, and for a period of years he owned 160 acres of the best coal land in it on Hay Creek. His ranch is eleven miles north of Sun- dance and contains 160 acres, being capable of being brought to great fertility and high culti- vation, well located and pleasantly diversified in surface and soil and adapted to both farming 206 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. and cattleraising. Mr. Dean is held in high es- teem, is a leading citizen, full of that worldly wisdom learned only in the hard school of ex- perience, but always available in every public and private need. He was elected to the state legislature on the Populist ticket in 1892, in the ensuing session giving his constituents faithful and appreciated service, working for the good of his section and the advancement of the state. In fraternal relations he is connected with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, holding membership in the lodge at Spearfish, S. D. He is vigorous and active, even for his years, notwithstanding the strenuous life he lived in his early manhood, the mark of which he bears in three wounds made by Indian bullets at dif- ferent periods in his scouting and hunting days. His knowledge of woodcraft is extensive and ac- curate ; his knowledge of men is wide and com- prehensive ; his grasp of elemental principles of government and social relations is intuitive and direct. He has, therefore, without effort or os- tentation, been a force potential in shaping the trend of affairs in his locality and giving color and tone to civil institutions. HON. CHARLES DELONEY. Prominent in official and private life, suc- cessful in business and in agricultural pursuits. a gallant soldier in the Civil War and contrib- uting a gallant son to fight against the armies of Spain in the Spanish-American War, giving the impress of an enlightened and farseeing un- derstanding of local civil affairs, Hon. Charles Deloney of Uinta county, Wyoming, has well served his country and well deserves the uni- versal esteem and respect in which he is held. He is a native of Mount Clemens, Mich., born on August 27, 1837, his parents, Richard and Mary (Shabinow) Deloney being Canadians by birth, having moved into the states in their early mar- ried life. The mother died when her son was but a lad, and thereafter he was reared by his father who was a sawyer in the lumber mills, and held in high esteem as a public spirited man. In 1861 he espoused the cause of the Union and enlisted in the Eighteenth Michigan Infantry, but before his term of enlistment was out he was disabled by sickness and sent home, dying from his disability in 1864. The son remained at home until he was of age, getting what schooling he could in a little log schoolhouse near by, and in 1864, taking up the role of pa- triotism where his disabled father laid it down and receiving from his dying hands the Bible which that father had carried through his own arduous sendee, the son enlisted in Co. B, Twen- ty-ninth Michigan Infantry, and was in active service until the close of the war, being mus- tered out at Murfreesboro in the fall of 1864 and receiving his discharge at Detroit, Mich. While at Murfreesboro in the campaign against Hood and Forrest, his command had their supplies cut off and the men lived on what they could gather by foraging and on parched corn for six weeks. After the war Mr. Deloney engaged in the lumber business for a year and in 1867 came west, locating at Evanston, Wyo., and working in the logging industry on Green River. He ran the first log drive ever made on Bear River and was making good profits until the financial de- pression of 1869 carried away in its flood of dis- aster all the accumulations from his labors. In that year he and his party got out of food and lived for sixteen days on dried snails and Indian potatoes, himself and a companion were sup- posed to have perished and were near starva- tion when they were rescued. After his calam- ity he made a new start and conducted a thriv- ing barber business for some years, then spent twenty vears in the liquor industry at the same time ranching and stockraising at Cokeville on Smith's Fork. He now owns in addition to considerable city property in Evanston a ranch of 640 acres at Cokeville, Uinta county, Wyo.. and one of 160 acres within three miles of Ogden, Utah, both of which are in a high state of cul- tivation and well furnished with good improve- ments. Mr. Deloney's public spirit and knowl- edge of affairs early marked him as a man of superior qualifications for public life, and he was elected to the territorial legislature of Wyoming for two terms, rendering invaluable service in PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 207 aiding the territory to throw off her swaddling clothes and assume the more dignified garb of statehood, and he capably served in the State Senate in 1895-8, in that body giving ardent and most helpful support to the candidacy of Hon. C. D. Clark for the U. S. Senate. Mr. Deloney was nominated twice for sheriff and was several times elected constable but refused to serve. In 1898 he was commissioned captain for service in the Spanish-American War, but on account of the illness of his wife he was unable to ac- cept the appointment and was made superin- tendent of the Teton County Forest Reserve but after a tenure of the office which was full of active duty, he was obliged to resign on account of disabilities incurred in fighting fire in the re- serve. Since then he has been engaged in a commercial business at Jackson, where he has an extensive stock of general merchandise and lays a considerable scope of country under tribute to his trade. He is also occupied more or less with mining interests. Mr. Deloney is quite a land- mark in the community. When he first came to Evanston the town consisted of a tent which was both a saloon and an eating-house. He was mar- ried in Evanston on November 21, 1871, with Miss Clara Burton, a native of England and a daughter of Rev. Wm. G. and Hannah (Tregal- lis) Burton, her mother being a lineal descend- ant of the Rev. Trebo Tregallis, archbishop of Canterbury in the ninth ' century. They have had ten children of whom eight are living : Clara C, the first child born in Evanston, who was educated there and there married John Mills of that city. She is a cultured musician and teaches the science of music; Hannah R., wife of Charles Cook, a painter and decorator at Evanston ; William Charles, a soldier in the Span- ish-American and Philippines Wars, coming out of the service as an orderly sergeant and carry- ing through it the Bible which his father re- ceived from his father when he entered the Union army in 1864, now being a missionary of the Mormon church and stationed in Kentucky; Nephi J., married and living at Evanston ; Hiram W., a graduate of the Ogden Business College, although but fifteen years old; Rhoda Viola, Maud and James, all living at home. Another son, Charles R., died at the age of two months at Evanston, and still another, Joseph T., was killed in a railroad accident in January, 1900. Mrs. Deloney's family was one of the first three to settle at Piedmont, Uinta county, and her father taught the first district school at that place, which was the third taught in the county. He is now a missionary for the Church of the Latter. Day Saints in England at the age of seventy-five years. The Deloneys also belong to this church and are active in its meetings and ceremonials. Mr. Deloney has an interest in the flouring mill at Evanston and gives its affairs close personal attention. He belongs to the or- ders of Freemasonry, Odd Fellowship and to the Grand Army of the Republic. He attended the last grand encampment of the last named or- der at Washington, D. C, and' was a delegate to the encampment at Pueblo, Colo., Governor War- ren appointed him marshal at the time of the his- toric riots against the Chinese, and in this office he effected a settlement of the difficulties at Ev- anston and was appointed marshal of the town and given control of a force of men to protect the lives of prominent citizens whowere in danger. At the little postoffice of Wilson, just across the river, where he owns forty acres of land, he is making preparations to lay out a town site and call it Roosevelt. His son, Hiram, is a stock- holder in the Piedmont Oil Co., a busy and en- ergetic corporation with good prospects in its oil fields and with headquarters at Piedmont. FREDERICK C. DeGRAW. This well-known citizen of Uinta county, Wyoming, a prominent ranchman, a native of the Dominion of Canada, was born in Ontario county in 1837, the son of Cornelius and Mar- garet .(Hendershot) DeGraw, natives of the state of New York. Cornelius DeGraw, the father, was a farmer by calling in the state of New York, where he was born, but removed to Ontario county, Canada, when he was quite a young man, there married Miss Hendershot and passed the remainder of his life. Mrs. 208 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. Margaret DeGraw passed her girlhood in her native state and she was unmarried when taken by her parents to Canada, where her marriage took place. Frederick C. DeGraw was reared to agricultural pursuits and followed farming in his native country until eighteen years of age, when he felt himself to be sufficiently com- petent to begin life on his own account. He accordingly bade farewell to his native country and sought a home in the states, locating in the new, fertile and uncultivated land of Minnesota, which state was then comparatively a wilderness. His first employment in that state was in the timber lands, where, being of a hardy and robust constitution, and inured to toil on the farm, he excelled and followed a woodman's life for ten years. He then returned to Ontario, Canada, where for five years he was employed in drilling for oil. Then ■ Mr. DeGraw again concluded to try his fortune in the states and went to Jackson county, Iowa, where he was employed in agricultural pursuits quite successfully for three years and the next year he was similarly employed in Page county, Iowa. The state of Missouri next became his home and agriculture was his calling there for four years ; then Kansas attracted his attention and for twelve years he farmed in Smith county, that state ; in 1892, the newly admitted state of Wyoming opened up to him her charms and he took up a ranch on La Barge Creek, among the mountains and valleys of Uinta county, where he has since made his home, made his living, and achieved a name which is honored wherever it is mentioned. During the decade that Mr. DeGraw has made his home in Uinta county, fortune has smiled upon him and pros- perity followed his footsteps. His skill as a farmer and indefatigable industry have met with a well-earned reward and he may well congratu- late himself upon his undeviating course of prosperity. Mr. DeGraw was united in mar- riage in Jackson county, Iowa, in 1870 with Miss Mary Woodard, daughter of Alpheus and Ang-eline (Bailey) Woodard, natives of Ver- mont, Alpheus Woodard was a farmer, which vocation he followed in Vermont, Canada and Iowa. He was a son of Pollas and Rachel (Rey- nolds) Woodard of Vermont, and died in Shelby county, Iowa, in 1892, having attained the great longevity of eighty-five years. Mrs. Angeline (Bailey) Woodard, the mother of Mrs. DeGraw, was a daughter of James and Mary (Abercrom- bie) Bailey, formerly of England. The children that have blessed the union of Mr. and Mrs. De- Graw are eight in number and the family are among the most respected residents of the La Barge region. SIVERT J. ELLINGSON. One of the oldest and most respected citi- zens of Islay, Laramie county, Wyoming, Sivert J. Ellingson, a native of Norway, was born in that country on October 31, 1828, the son of Elling and Ingeborg Ellingson, both natives of the same country, where they followed the occupation of farming, continuing in that pur- suit up to the time of their deaths. Their son Sivert received his early education in the Nor- wegian schools, then served an apprenticeship at the trade of shoemaking and followed that occupation in the old country up to 1871, the time of his departure for America. Upon ar- riving here, he and his family located first at the city of Monroe, Wis., where he established himself at shoemaking, and remained engaged in that occupation for nine years, thence, in 1882 removing to the territory of Wyoming, where he at once purchased a ranch, the same property he still owns and occupies, situated on Pole Creek, about twenty-three miles northwest of Cheyenne, and entered upon the business of cattleraising. By reason of hard work, fru- gality, and good business judgment he has gradually built up from small beginnings a fine property and is now the owner of one of the best ranches in that section of the county, con- sisting of 752 acres of deeded land, well fenced and improved, and a large portion of it under irrigation. He also, owns a large herd of fine cattle, to which he is adding from year to year. On June 30, 1866, in his native country of Norway. Mr. Ellingson was united in marriage with Miss Ellen Knutson. a native of the same PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 209 country, born on Nevember 20, 1843, the daugh- ter of Knut and Tonette Knutson, old-time resi- dents of Norway. The parents of Mrs. Elling- son were engaged in farming in the old coun- try up to the time of their demise. To the union of Mr. and Mrs. Ellingson have been born two children, Lena Ellingson Chadwick, and Edgar Ellingson. Both are living and the son, Edgar, is residing at home with his par- ents, and now has the management and direc- tion of the business at the ranch. The family are devout members of the Lutheran church, and take a sincere and earnest part in all works of religion and charity in the community where their home is located. The subject of this sketch, now in advanced years, has retired from active business pursuits, although still enjoy- ing good health, and he has turned over the management of the business and the large prop- erty which he has accumulated through his long life of industry and economy, to his son. In the community where he resides no one is held in higher esteem or is more deserving of the deference paid him by his large circle of friends and acquaintances. HON. J. E. EYCHANER. Descended from patriotic ancestors of the Colonial days who helped materially to win our national independence, and some of them sealing their devotion to the cause with their blood, it is fit and proper that Hon. J. E. Eychaner, of Ranchester, Sheridan county, Wyoming, a prominent and successful rancher and stock- grower, should have been among those who won this western country from savage domi- nation and primeval wildness and made it fruit- ful with the products and inestimable blessings of peace. His forefathers found the Atlantic slope a wilderness and aided in bringing it into subjection to the will and the needs of civilized life ; they found their adopted land a depend- ency on a tyrannical foreign government and assisted in releasing it from thralldom and in erecting it into a separate and self-sustaining political entity. He and his generation found this western part of our great heritage given up to untamed and treacherous barbarism, and forced its savage tenants to "stand ruled ;" they found it all unfilled and waste, and have brought it under systematic cultivation and planted and peopled it with beneficent activity and enduring productiveness. Mr. Eychaner was born in Wisconsin on February 2, 1858, the son of Milton and Mary (Hamm) Eychaner, na- tives of New York and early settlers in Wis- consin. After a residence of some years in that state they removed to Iowa, where the mother died and the father is still living. Their son, J. E. Eychaner, was educated in Iowa and there grew to man's estate, soon after reaching his majority, coming to Wyoming, reaching the' ter- ritory in 1879 and making it his home continu- ously since that time. In 1888 he removed to Sheridan county the stock business he had been for years successfully conducting elsewhere in the state, and located on the ranch which was so long his home, taking part of h up as a homestead. This property comprises 360 acres one half mile southeast of Ranchester, and is beautifully located on Tongue River. Here he pursued the peaceful and independent vocation of a prosperous farmer and stockgrower until he sold it on February 1, 1903, his business ex- panding with the flight of time and increasing in profit and importance. It had his careful and studious attention, yet gave him leisure to look well to the welfare of his community and take the active and zealous interest in local affairs of government which it is the duty of every American citizen to show. Upon the sale of his ranch he became a member of the mercantile firm of Lord & Pollat, of Sheridan, Wyo., the largest dealers of the state in hardware and ag- ricultural implements. In politics he is an unwavering Democrat and in T898 his capabili- ties for official life were suitably recognized by his election to the lower house of the State Leg- islature, one of the three Democrats holding seats in the body. At the close of his legisla- tive term he was elected county assessor and is now filling that position with credit to himself and satisfaction to the people. In 1889, at Big 2IO PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. Horn, Wyo., he married with Miss Delia. Dewey, a native of Wisconsin, a daughter of James M. and Pirena P. (Bayley) Dewey, also Vermonters by nativity and closely related to Admiral George Dewey, of whom her father was a first cousin. Her mother belongs to the celebrated Putnam family of Revolutionary fame and Mrs. Eychaner's great-grandfather, Captain Pratt, was an aid-de-camp to General Washington. Her father died in this state in 1899. Among the fraternal societies numerous among men Mr. Eychaner belongs only to the Knights of Pythias. HON. THOMAS G. MAGHEE, M. D. This gentleman, the most experienced medi- cal practitioner in Rawlins, Wyo., was born in Evansville, Ind., in 1842, and is a son of Joseph B. and Mary (Jacobs) Maghee. Joseph B. Maghee was born in 1814 in Bucks county, Pa., not far from the county and city of Philadelphia and was reared to a mercantile life. In his early manhood he went to Texas, thence came north and made his home in Evansville, Ind., where he passed the remainder of his life, dying in 1889, holding then the exalted position of the head of the Temple of Honor in the United States. He also rendered service to the Union army in the medical department. William and Martha (Plolme) Maghee, the parents of Joseph, came from Scottish ancestors who settled in Pennsylvania in 1749, the entire family being of agricultural proclivities and the greater num- ber of them practical farmers. Mrs. Mary (Jacobs) Maghee was born in Evansville, Ind., in 1819, and was the first white child born in Yanderburg county, being the daughter of G. W. and Hannah (Sampson) Jacobs, pioneers of the county. G. W. was a native of Vermont and a son of Nathaniel, who was born in the same state in 1757, and was wounded at the battle of Bennington in the Revolutionary War yet lived to be 106 years old. G. W. was a cap- tain in the War of 1812, but attained the rank of major at the battle of Lundy's Lane, where, too, he was wounded. Thomas G. Maghee at- tended Hanover College until about nineteen years of age, when his patriotism was aroused at the breaking out of the Civil War and he at once relinquished his studies to take up arms in the defense of the Union by enlisting in Co. F, Twenty-fourth Indiana Infantry, in which he served with bravery and fortitude for two and one-half years, winning the unstinted praise of his superior officers and the admira- tion of his comrades. After his return from the army, Mr. Maghee resumed his studies in his native state and was graduated as a physi- cian and surgeon in 1873, and was at once as- signed as an assistant surgeon in the U. S. army, was attached to various posts at different times, and in May, 1873, was assigned to Camp Brown, now Fort Washakie, Wyo. He received honor- able mention from the Secretary of War in 1874 for gallantry 'in action with Indians in Bates' fight in the Big Horn Mountains on July 4, of that year. Resigning in 1878, he lo- cated in Green River, Wyo., and was elected to the territorial legislature in the same year. In 1880 he changed his residence to Rawlins, and here he has since been favored with a large and lucrative practice and standing at the front of his profession. Doctor Maghee has been twice married, in 1866 to his first wife, Miss Mollie Williams, a daughter of James L. and Ellen (Smith) Williams. This lady was called away in 1884 at the age of thirty-five years, leaving four children: Thomas G, who died in 1892, a cadet at West Point ; Morgan M., an electrical engineer, served in the Spanish- American War as captain of Troop K, of Torrey's Rough Rid- ers ; Griffith H., pharmaceutical chemist ; Torrey B., also a cadet at West Point. In 1885. the Doctor took unto himself a second wife in the person of Evelyn Baldwin, a native of New York City and a daughter of Major Noyes and Josephine E. Wright Baldwin. This union has been blessed with one child, Yalliere B. Doc- tor Maghee is a member of the American Medi- cal Association, the Pan American Medical As- sociation and the Colorado State Medical As- sociation, and he has been the surgeon for the Union Pacific Railroad Company with hut brief PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 211 intervals since 1878. He has been highly com- plimented for his successful treatment of a sur- gical and dermatological case, which in 1886 came under his care, the subject being a Mr. Geo. Webb, for whom he restored an almost entire face, forming a new nose, new lips, new lower jawbone and new chin. Doctor Maghee is a very genial gentleman as well as a skillful physician, and fraternally is a Freemason of the Thirty-second degree (about as high as or- dinary mortals reach). He is also a Knight of Pythias, an Odd Fellow and an Elk, and as a citizen he is honored and esteemed wherever his name is known. His brother, Lieut. Joseph B. Maghee, of Saratoga, Wyo., came out in 1879. EDWARD C. ERDERLEY. As one of those modern knights errant, the commercial travelers, who keep in active move- ment the currents of trade and of invention, dis- covery and progressive thought throughout the territory covered by their periodical wanderings, Edward C. Erderley, of Thermopolis, Wyoming, sees much variety in human life and business and renders valuable service to his kind in mercan- tile and social circles. He is a Wyoming pioneer of 1887, and since that time has been contin- uously a resident and also one of the developing forces of the state. The place of his nativity is Des Moines, Iowa, where he was born on October 16, 1862, the son of Christian and Cath- erine (Gassett) Erderley of that city. There he was reared and educated, on leaving school be- ginning the struggle of life for himself by go- ing to Brown county, Nebraska, where for a number of years he was engaged in the drug business, thence removing to Box Butte county, where he again conducted a drug business until 1887, when he came to Wyoming and in 1893 he settled at the mouth of Owl Creek, and opened and carried on the first merchandising estab- lishment of the neighborhood. After some time passed in successful and prosperous business at that point he was robbed of a large part of his possessions by midnight marauders and soon thereafter, when the town of Thermopolis sprang 13 into being, he removed to that place and opened and conducted its first general store. In 1899 ^- e disposed of his business and accepted employment as a traveling salesman for Ferdinand Weslen- heimer, of St. Joseph, Mo., and he has continued in this employment ever since, building up a large trade in his territory. His labors in his mercantile ventures and in other domains of ac- quisitive efforts have not been fruitless, notwith- standing serious reverses which have come to him at times, for he owns a very attractive home and a whole business block in Thermopolis, and two well improved and productive farms in Fre- mont county. In 1889, in Box Butte county, Neb., he was united in marriage with Miss Ad- die Walters, a native of Marshalltown, Iowa. They have two children, their sons Earl and Wesley. Mr. Erderley's success as a salesman and in building up business for his house is neither accidental nor procured by adventitious circumstances, for it is the legitimate result of great business capacity, knowledge of men, thorough acquaintance with trade conditions and requirements and his genial and obliging dis- position. He is a "prince of good fellows" among his craft in the better sense of the phrase, and is cordially welcomed as a valuable addition to any social circle where he is known. He is also energetic, knowing and resourceful, always ready for an emergency and always master of the sit- uation. JAMES N. FARLOW. A leading member of the city council of Lander from time to time, a member of the Sec- ond Legislative Assembly of the state of Wyo- ming, and at present chief of the city fire depart- ment, and for nearly twenty years a prominent merchant of the town, James N. Farlow has made his impress on the life and history of his city and county in a way that gives him great credit and will not soon fade away. On November 5, 1858, in Dallas county, Iowa, his life began as the son of Isaac J. and Martha E. (Bringham) Farlow, natives of Indiana and descendants of Colonial families of North Carolina and other southern states, representatives of whom ren- 212 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. dered valiant service to their country in times of its severe trial in Revolutionary days, in the War of 1 812, and also along the frontiers against the hostile Indians. The father was a prosper- ous farmer, stock merchant and shipper in In- diana and is now in Iowa, where they are living, and where he has a potential voice in the affairs of his section. James N. Farlow, the second of their eight children, seven of whom are still liv- ing, received a limited edtication in the public schools of his native county and, in 1880, hark- ening to the call within him for larger oppor- tunity and greater freedom of action, he came to Wyoming, settling at Lander which was then but a village, and began operations in the stock business which he followed until 1886, when he bought the harness and saddle manufactory which he has so successfully conducted ever since and which is now one of the leading in- dustries of its kind in this part of the country, carrying a large stock of superior quality and great variety. He has prospered in his business by close and intelligent attention to its needs and the taste of his patrons, whom he has firmly at- tached to him bv r his probity of character and urbanity- of manner. The people of the com- munity have recognized in him superior quali- fications for public life and have not been back- ward in demanding his services in their behalf in this way. They made him a member of their city council and elected him to the Second Leg- islature of the state. In both bodies he justified their confidence and established a solid and grat- ifying reputation as a useful and representative citizen. He is now efficiently serving his sixth term as a school trustee and at the present writ- ing is chief of the Lander fire department, in this position also rendering most valuable ser- vice to the community. He was a charter mem- ber of Lander Lodge, No. 10, Knights of Pyth- ias, is now one of its trustees and also belongs to the uniform rank. By judicious care of the fruits of his labor and thrift he has acquired much valuable property in the town and county. On October 3, 1886, he was married to Miss Ada Trosper of Dallas, Wyo.. a daughter of W. B. and Annie (Evans) Trosper, natives of Eng- land, then living at Dallas, but now residents of Lander, and they have three children, Wil- liam I., Clarice N. and Clark N. WINFIELD S. FIRESTONE. Born near Pittsburg, Pa., on June 28, 1858, and soon after left entirely to the care of strangers by the death of his mother when he was an infant and the enlistment of his father in the Union army at the outbreak of the Civil War, Winfield S. Firestone, now one of the most public spirited and substantial merchants and citizens of Lander, is virtually the product of his own natural faculties, properly developed by exercise through being thrown on his own resources throughout an active and' useful life. He received a limited education by attending the public schools of West Virginia during the win- ter months for a few years and when he was fourteen left the home in which he had found shelter to learn the trade of a cabinetmaker, on completing his apprenticeship, journeying to Missouri, there to begin work at the craft in which he had prepared himself. His father served through the Civil War, participated in many battles, was twice wounded and after the conclusion of the struggle he married again and reared a large family, Winfield having been the only child of the first marriage. In 1884 Mr. Firestone removed from Missouri to Rawlins, Wyo., and engaged in the furniture business in company with H. Rasmusson ; and in 1886 he came to Lander and opened an establishment in the same line as a member of the firm of H. Rasmusson & Co. In 1900 he bought the inter- est of Mr. Rasmusson and since then has con- ducted the business alone, increasing its facili- ties, adding to its features, enlarging its trade and expanding its popularity by his excellent business methods and the pleasing manner for which he is esteemed. He combines with deal- ing in furniture the business of a funeral direc- tor, and in both lines of enterprise enjoys a well earned celebrity. His stock of furniture, queensware and other articles of household utility, is large and varied, embracing the new- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 213 est designs and conveniences and covering a wide range of styles and qualities, while in his supplies and work as a funeral director he is studious to meet the requirements of the most exacting taste. He is also the collector of the electric light plant of the city, giving the wants of the community in this respect careful and intelligent attention. In fraternal circles he takes an earnest interest in Lander Lodge, No. 10, Knights of Pythias, of which he is an enthu- siastic member and at the present writing mas- ter of finance. He also belongs to the uniform rank of the order. His zeal for the welfare and progress of the town is shown by his hav- ing served twice as its mayor and several times as a member of its council, in both positions rendering service of great value and highly appreciated. In 1885 he was married to Miss Mary E. Nave, a native of Indiana, the mar- riage being solemnized at Rawlins. They have five children, Winfield S. Jr.; Guy, Dora, Wal- ter and Vainer. Mr. Firestone has long been a director of the Lander Building and Loan As- sociation and for two years was its treasurer. ALBERT GAINES. Springing from an ancestry that grew and flourished in the Blue Grass region of Ken- tucky and in the Old Dominion, born and reared on the frontier of Missouri and coming to Wyo- ming in 1867, just after the march of civiliza- tion had reached the territory, when what is now Cheyenne consisted of one tent and had not a house, Albert Gaines of Dayton is a typical pioneer, identified with the history of the state almost from its very beginning. He was born on November 19, 1837, in Randolph county, Missouri, whither his parents had removed from Kentucky, his father William Gaines, being a native of that state, and his mother, nee Annie Dickson, of Virginia. They were well-to-do farmers of their time and section and on their Missouri estate their son Albert grew to man- hood, attending the public schools of the neigh- borhood as he had opportunity for a few months in the winter. When he reached man's estate he began life for himself by following the fam- ily pursuit of cultivating the soil in his native state for a few years of varied success, then relinquished it and in partnership with William Paxton engaged in contracting on the construc- tion of the Union Pacific Railroad, continuing their operations until it. reached Cheyenne in 1867. At that time, as has been noted, the only human residence was but a single tent, and the wildest imagination without previous experi- ence would not have predicted the early plant- ing and rapid growth of the inchoate city. For some years after his arrival at that point he conducted vigorous and prosperous freighting operations, then for some years kept a saloon and in 1901 removed to Dayton in Sheridan county, where he has since resided and carried on a flourishing livery business, the leading enterprise of the kind within a considerable scope of country. Mr. Gaines has seen all the phases of frontier life and borne his share in its privations and dangers. Nothing that it brings to man in the way of alternate hope and fear, success and failure, peace and peril, full- ness and want, has been missing from his meas- ure of its gifts, and now that all its hazard is past and he is secure in the comforts of this world, and approaching the sunset of life in peace and prosperity, his present estate is all the more enjoyable because of the toils and hardships through which it was attained. His fund of reminiscence is rich and varied, the in- terest taken in his narratives of time and of scenes now forever passed away never flags; while the confidence and esteem of his fellowmen which he enjoys is the best assurance of the use- fulness and uprightness of his life. JOHN A. GERBER. A native of Switzerland, having been born in that little mountain republic on November 13, 1858, John A. Gerber, of Granite, Wyoming, is the son of John and Katheryn (Ernst) Gerber, both natives of Switzerland, where his father fol- lowed the business of farming up to the time of his death, which occurred in 1878, and in 1895 214 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. the mother also passed away, and both are buried in their native land. John A. Gerber received his early education in the schools of his native coun- try, and at the age of twenty entered the army of Switzerland as a soldier, serving in that ca- pacity for three years. In 1881 seeking to better his fortune he came to the New World, and soon found himself in Cheyenne, Wyo., where he se- cured employment in a brickyard for about three months, then accepted a position on the Union Pacific, near Potter, Nebraska. In the spring of 1883 he located a homestead on Pole Creek, two miles west of Pine Bluffs, Wyo., and engaged in farming, soon adding cattleraisng to his other in- dustries and remained largely occupied in that pursuit until the fall of 1893, when, owing to the unusually dry season, he moved his cattle to his brother's place about twenty miles from Pine Bluffs, where he remained about four and one- half years with varying success, and in the spring of 1898, he purchased a ranch property about three miles northeast of Egbert, Wyo., contin- uing his stock operations here until the winter of 1900, when he disposed of his ranch and his stock and removed to Cheyenne, where he con- tinued until April, 1901, when he purchased his present ranch on South Crow Creek, about six- teen miles west of Cheyenne, and here he is^ now successfully engaged in cattleraising. On June 20, 1900, Mr. Gerber was united in marriage at Cheyenne, Wyo., with Mrs. Rachel R. (Vin- ton) Brown, a native of Canada and the daugh- ter of Hezekiah and Sarah 1 (Ousterhout) Vin- ton, natives of New York. Her father was for- merly engaged in farming in New York, but early removed to Ontario, Canada, where he continued in the same employment until his decease in 1864. The mother nf Mrs. Gerber passed away in 1863, and both of the parents lie buried in the Province of Ontario, Canada. In 1866 Mrs. Gerber came to Colorado, where she remained about four years, coming to Fort Lar- amie, Wyo., in 1870. She was born in 1840 and received her education in Canada. She is one of the most prominent of the pioneer women of Wyoming, and it is largely due to the influence and the efforts of women of her type that the state has recently made such rapid strides in moral improvement and civilization. She is a wo- man of strong character and humanitarian char- acteristics, and she has been of great assistance to her husband in his various enterprises. Mr. Gerber is a stanch member of the Republican party, taking an active interest in public affairs, having been taught during his early life in Swit- zerland that it is the duty, of every citizen under a Republican form of government to lend his as- sistance to the management of the public business. He has many of the sturdy and sterling char- acteristics of the brave race of William Tell, and is a worthy, progressive, and highly respected citizen of the state. ALFRED C. GODFREY, M. D. On American scholarship and scientific and professional knowledge the judgment of the intellectual world, slow to concede anything for a long time, has finally set the seal of its high approval ; and when the theoretical and practi- cal attainments of our professional men are backed by genuine American enterprise, there is no limit to their success except the boundary of their opportunities. Dr. Alfred C. Godfrey, in the almost untrodden fields of a new region, has won substantial recognition as a close and careful student, a skillful and successful prac- titioner of the healing art and a master of the scientific principles on which it is based. For- tune did not favor him with adventitious cir- cumstances or robust health, but made up for her niggardlyness by a generous endowment of natural adaptability to his surroundings and natural qualifications for the work to which she assigned him. Born and reared in the little rural hamlet of Benton, Wis:, where nature in her untamed luxuriance might minister to his spirit, he grew up with the breadth of view and self-reliance she begets in her true children and she taught him to turn to her as the source and fountain of inspiration in every condition. His life began on July 24, 1867. as the son of Dr. Hr T. and Eliza (Footner) Godfrey, natives of Montreal, Canada. The mother, a ladv of do- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 215 mestic tastes and tender devotion to the inter- ests of her family, was called away from her im- portant duties in 1891 at the early age of forty- four. The father is still living and engaged in active practice at Galena, 111., where he is the division surgeon of the Illinois Central and Chi- cago & Northwestern Railroads, and is presi- dent of the board of pension examiners and of the Jo Daviess County Medical Association, being a prominent man in his profession and in public affairs and as the surgeon of the One Hundred and Thirty-first Illinois Regiment of the Civil War held the rank of major. Dr. Albert Godfrey was well educated in the public schools of Galena, Illinois, receiving his profes- sional training" in Rush Medical College, Chi- cago, from which he was graduated in 1890. During the next eighteen months he was house surgeon in the Presbyterian Hospital in that city and the following year was surgeon at the iron mines in Minnesota. He was then ap- pointed demonstrator of anatomy at the Creigh- ton Medical College at Omaha, and also sur- geon to the Presbyterian Hospital there. At the .end of his first _ year of service in these capacities, he became ill from pulmonary trou- ble and sought relief in the more favorable climate of Denver, Colo., where he was as- sociated with the Denver Medical College as demonstrator of anatomy for three years, being" also in active practice at the same time. He then received an appointment as assistant sur- geon in the U. S. Army and was assigned to duty at Fort Washakie, Wyo. In 1900 he re- signed and located at Lander for the purpose of pursuing vigorously a general practice of his profession, in which he has since been most energetically engaged, having drawn to him- self a large and representative body of patrons and won a high and cordial regard in the es- timation of all who have the pleasure of his ac- quaintance or enjoy the benefit of his professional services. He is the official physician of Fre- mont county, the physician in charge and the manager of the Lander Hospital, being one of the most eminent practitioners in this part of the West. He has also extensive interests in the stock business. Fraternally he is connected with the Masonic order through the lodge (of which he is at the present writing the senior warden), the chapter and the commandery. He also belongs to Lander Lodge, No. 10, Knights of Pythias. On September 30, 1893, he was united in marriage with Miss Sarah Coats- worth of Galena, 111., a daughter of James and Martha (Walton) Coatsworth, natives of Eng- land. Three children have blessed this union, Alice E., who died at Lander when she was six years old, Helen and Ruth. Doctor and Mrs. Godfrey are zealous and useful members of the Episcopal church and are looked upon as among the best and most representative citizens of the town. WILLIAM GRAHAM. The subject of this review is a successful stockraiser of Uinta county, Wyo., and his life affords a commendable example of what may be accomplished by thrift and perseverance when directed and controlled by correct moral prin- ciples. His parents, Joseph and Elizabeth (Robinson) Graham, were born in England, and Joseph Graham was a son of Benjamin and Sarah Graham, both of English-Scotch extrac- tion. He was a native of County Durham and a tiller of the soil. In 1883 he came to the United States and settled in New Mexico where he engaged in railroading. His life after com- ing to this country was of short duration as it ended in Silver City, N. M., in the fall of 1886. Mrs. Graham was to have joined her husband the following spring, but learning of his un- timely death she decided not to make the trip, consequently she still lives in the land of her birth, having reached the age of sixty-six years. Mr. and Mrs. Graham were members of the Church of England and faithfully endeavored to bring up their children in that faith. Of the six who were born to them, three have joined the father in the other world, one of the others is living in the old country and Wil- liam is the subject of this sketch. He was born on December 5, 1865, in England and enjoyed 2 1 6 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. the advantages of a good practical education in the schools of his native county. He re- mained with his parents until twenty-one and then became an engineer, a profession to which he had previously devoted several years of very diligent study. After becoming proficient in the use of instruments he found abund- ant opportunities for the exercise of his pro- fessional talents in his native country and con- tinued there in various departments of work. In 1886, impressed with the idea that America afforded a better field for engineering than England, he came to the United States in com- pany with a sister, and for six months after his arrival, followed railroading and freighting in New Mexico. From that territory Mr. Graham went by San Francisco to Alaska and spent one summer in and around Juneau variously em- ployed, on his return staying one winter near Yakima, Washington Territory, then coming to Wyoming and taking up 160 acres of land about fourteen miles north of Opal on Slate Creek, where he has since resided. Subse- quently Mr. Graham added to his original pur- chase until he now owns real estate to the amount of 420 acres, on which he keeps quite a large herd of sheep, many cattle and a num- ber of fine horses. He began stockraising in a modest way, but has gradually enlarged the business until he is now well situated, with a prospect of continuous prosperity and a much larger growth in his future undertakings. His place is well located for the purposes to which it is devoted, contains quite a number of sub- stantial improvements and is one of the com- fortable and attractive homes of the community as well as one of the most valuable. Mr. Gra- ham was married on November 9, 1892, with Mrs. Katie Pyle, the widow of William Pyle and a daughter of Martin and Christina (Beighey) Hyle, natives of Germany. Mrs. Graham was born in Pennsylvania and married her first hus- band there ; by this marriage she is the mother of two children, Frederick D. and Guy E. both students of Logan College, Utah. Her union with Mr. Graham has been blessed with one child, Myrtle. JOHN S. GOODMAN. One of the oldest families connected with the development of civilization in the Eastern states of the Union and particularly identified with the Massachusetts Colony, is the Goodman f amity; and the name is now prominent in the leading circles of business, commercial, political and manufacturing departments in Massachusetts and New Hampshire. It has ever been a name of power and its representatives have taken con- spicuous part in law, literature and loyalty, in the French and Indian Wars, in the Revolutionary struggle, the War of 1812 and on the sanguinary battlefields of the Civil War and extensive rec- ords tell of the patriotic devotion, heroic self- sacrifice and manifold suffering experienced as the result of their devotion to principle. Such are the antecedents of the subject of this sketch, John S. Goodman, now a prominent citizen of Mill Creek Valley, whose elegant modern res- idence and attractive home ranch is located twen- ty miles south of Evanston, AVyoming. Mr. Goodman is a native of Niagara county, N. Y., where he was born on November 27, 1846, a son of Elias and Sarah C. (Cook) Goodman. His paternal grandparents were John and Re- becca (Bascom) Goodman, who were represen- tatives of prominent early families and natives of Virginia, descending from old Colonial stock. Elias Goodman was born in Pennsylvania, and by his marriage with Sarah C. Cook, a daughter of Seelye and Sarah (Swartout) Cook who was born in New York, he became connected with an interesting old New England family. In 1872 Elias Goodman came to Wyoming directly from New York, first locating on Green River ; one year later, however, he removed to Hilliard, where he was extensively engaged in stockrais- ing until his death in 1896, at the age of seventy- two years. He was a prominent Freemason, by which brotherhood his funeral rights were con- ducted and his remains lie buried in the Masonic cemetery at Evanston. Elias Goodman while peacefully engaged in agricultural pursuits in his native state in 1861 patriotically responded to the call of his country to defend the Union and PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 217 Constitution against the assaults of the Confed- erates, and loyally and gallantly served as a member of the Seventeenth New York Battery until the close of the war. His widow is still living at the age of sixty-nine. This worthy couple are parents of four children, all sons, the eldest of whom was John S. Goodman, who re- ceived his early education in the excellent edu- cational institutions of New York state and early became initiated into the labors and life per- taining to agriculture in the older settled sections of the East, being employed in farming in New York state until 1877. His married life com- menced on November 1, 1867, when he was united in matrimony with Miss Caroline Kidney, a daughter of William and Abigail (Whitcomb) Kidney, who was born in New York and a de- scendant of a family for many years established in that state. In 1877 Mr. Goodman, becoming convinced of the superior possibilities and ad- vantages of the industrial development of the new West, exchanged his residence in New York for one in Wyoming, where he made his first location in Evanston, but one year later, in 1873, he purchased 320 acres of Union Pacific Railroad land and established his present home. In this beautiful locality, which he has largely improved and developed, he is extensively en- gaged in agricultural operations, particularly de- voting himself to the raising of cattle and horses, and in this field of industrial activity he has been very successful, conducting his affairs with thrift, discrimination and more than ordinary foresight. A person might travel through miles of pleasant country and not discover so iinp a home as Mr. Goodman has here developed. He is a man of most excellent judgment, of exact in- formation, public-spirited in the true sense of the word, and his popularity and influence in busi- ness and social circles are very great. He is a de- voted and earnest worker in all measures of pub- lic welfare and gives frequently and freely of his time, means and influence to all matters and causes which his judgment shows him are for the benefits of his community, the state or of the nation. He is prominently identified with the Republican party, in whose interests and contests he has labored most loyally. His wife has ably as- sisted him by her wise counsel and unintermitting labors and by her cheery presence she has given an added charm to the bounteous hospitality dis- played in their home. This worthy couple has reared a large and interesting family, who now by their irreproachable lives and their industrious habits do honor to their parents and the illus- trious stock from which they have sprung. Their names are Charles ; Elias U. ; Addie S., now Mrs. Cummington, of Cumberland, Wyo. ; Fred; John Arthur, who maintained the patriotic rec- ord of the family by his services as a member of Troop L, in Colonel Terry's regiment of Rough Riders in the Spanish-American War ; Jennie A., now wife of Walter A. Cummington, of Mill Creek, Wyo. ; Gertrude ; Edwin G. ; Harry ; Clinton Seelye. The following maxim happily exemplifies we think the active and useful life of Mr. Goodman : "All experience shows that the great highway of human welfare lies along the old road of steadfast well-doing, and they who are the most persistent in their endeavors, working in the truest spirit, will invariably be the most successful, for success treads close upon the heels of every right exertion." WILLIAM GUILD. There is perhaps no better representative of the business interests of this section of Wyo- ming, or one better informed in all matters of civil, religious and literary improvement in the state, than the accomplished gentleman whose name heads this review. His ancestral history is fully delineated in the personal sketch of his honored father, Mr. Charles Guild of Piedmont, Wyo., which appears elsewhere in this volume, and to which the reader is referred. William Guild of Lyman, Wyo., where he owns a com- fortable home and eighty acres of fine alfalfa land of marked productiveness, was born on the Guild homestead at Piedmont, Wyo., on May 29, 1873, a son of Charles and Mary M. (Cardon) Guild. He received his preliminary scholastic training in the schools of Uinta county and sup- plemented this by a three years' course at the 21} PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMIXG. Brig-ham Young College at Logan, Utah, by his attention and unusual mental endowments mak- ing rapid progress and attaining a high pro- ficiency. Being deeply devoted to the doctrines and principles of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, his manifest qualifications for the position caused his appointment as a mis- sionary of that faith to Germany. There he passed about thirty months in very active but pleasant service which was fraught with marked results, winning many converts to the faith. In 1900 he became associated in business with his father and brothers, and is now the secretary of the Guild Mercantile Co., and also of the Guild Land & Live Stock Co. Mr. Guild still holds active .relations with his church, being an hon- ored elder in its communion, also filling the dual office of first assistant superintendent of the Sunday-school and superintendent of the religion class of Lyman ward. ' During his collegiate years he was for one year the professor of art and of elementary mathematics in the institu- tion he was attending. A man of great activity and enterprise, he keeps a vital interest in all that concerns the public weal, and is a strong supporter of the principles and policies for which the Republican party stands sponsor. On March 6, 1901, in Salt Lake City, Mr. Guild "took un- to himself a wife" in the person of Miss Nettie Heiner. a daughter of George and Mary (Hen- derson) Heiner, the father of German and the mother of Danish ancestry, and they have one child, Kenneth H. Guild. OLIVER P. HANNA. This representative gentleman who was the very earliest arrival and settler in what is now Sheridan county, Wyoming, was born at Meta- mora, 111., on May 10, 185 1, the son of Harvey and Nancy (Taylor) Hanna, natives of Pennsyl- vania who came to Illinois in 1850, making the trip by way of the Ohio river. The father was a first cousin of the father of Hon. Marcus A. Hanna, the distinguished U. S. Senator from Ohio. In the Illinois home they had chosen the Hannas lived and worked out a destiny of peace and prosperity, such as was available in those early days in what is now the great prairie state, encountering the perils of frontier life, wherein men, beasts and even nature her- self seemed arrayed in arms against their hopes and their very safety and here their son Oliver was reared, from the experiences of his wild life drawing in that strength of body and firm- ness of spirit which prepared him for many subsequent contests with man and nature on the later frontier to which his love of adventure hurried him. His path from the beginning of his career has been beset with difficulties, but his soul and physique were hardened to meet them, dangers forming the very spice of his life. He has been a hunter of mighty prowess, a pathfinder of skill and intrepid courage,, a re- deemer of the wilderness from its savage con- dition and a promoter of the enterprises of that advancing civilization which builds common- wealths and enriches peoples. In 1868, when he was but seventeen years of age, he started out in life for himself, making the long and haz- ardous trip across the plains from Fort Scott, Kan., to the Deer Lodge valley in Montana, there joining the army of miners working in the rich placer grounds now covered by the city of Helena. Thence' he went in a short time to the valley of the Yellowstone and for eight years in that prolific region was engaged in hunting and trapping on an enormous scale, when joining the government survey under Professor Hayden, he aided in laying out the Yellowstone National Park and in naming its natural curiosi- ties. ■ Under General Custer he was a trusted scout and was in the command of that renowned chief of scouts, Mich Bowier. After a short visit to his old home in 1S75 ne returned to the west- ern frontier, joining General Crook's command and accompanying it to what is now Sheridan county, where he was placed in charge of a wagon train drawing supplies to Fort Fetter- man. The next year he went with the supply train to the Red Cloud agency and in 1878 started with a pack outfit for Bozeman. Mont., but when he reached Fort McKinnev he took a contract to supply the soldiers with 3,500 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 2ig pounds of elk and deer meat per month during the winter. He kept his contract faithfully, kill- ing all the game himself and employing teams to haul it to the forts. In 1879 he accompanied James White on a hunting expedition, on the Yellowstone River near Miles City, in which they killed 2,200 buffaloes in six weeks. During that winter, it is said, there were slain on the Yellowstone 225,000 of these noble animals, and he and Mr. White killed more than any other two men. At the expiration of three months of this profitable sport the Indians drove the hunters away, but Messrs. Hanna and White had 5,000 buffalo hides to take with them. In 1879 Mr. Hanna came back to Wyoming and located on a ranch he had taken up near the site of the present Bighorn in Sheridan county. In the intervals between his labors in improving his ranch he acted as guide for parties of tour- ists and hunters. During his first year's resi- dence at Bighorn he killed sixteen bears, being crippled in his arms ever since from a danger- ous encounter with one of them, within this year he also made a trip of 700 miles with a team to Cheyenne and return for the purpose of buying a plow, garden seed and seed grain. He started in February and returned in April, camping- out all of the way, and with the plow thus secured through so much toil and effort he made the first furrow turned with a plow in Sheridan county. The plow is still in his possession, a valued souvenir of a period of difficulty and danger happily forever past. He raised a crop of oats which he threshed with a flail, in the spring of 1880 selling the grain at ten cents a pound. On his ranch, remote from civilization and with but few of the comforts of life about him except such as were secured by his own efforts, he lived for some years, improving the property and hunting. Mean- while the advance guard of the oncoming army of settlers was approaching his domain, and ac- cepting always the opportunity of the moment, he laid out the town of Bighorn and christened it with the name it now bears. He built the first cabin erected in the present Sheridan county and helped Mr. Mason build the first one erected in the town of Sheridan. In 1890 he sold his ranch and in 1892 purchased a store at Sheridan which he conducted until 1900, from the time of his purchase until 1896 being post- master of the town. Mr. Hanna has always been active in local affairs where he has lived and taken a deep interest in politics. He is a Democrat in political faith, in 1900 being elected to the state legislature, the only man of that party who was elected in the state. At the close of his term in 1901 he accepted a po- sition with Armour & Co., of Chicago, as travel- ing salesman, a position which he still holds. He owns a residence and considerable other property in Sheridan and makes that place his headquarters. Fraternally he is connected with the Knights of Pythias and the Order of Elks. Qn June 27, 1885, lie married at Miles City, Mont., Miss Dora Myers, a native of Blooming- ton, 111. They have three children, Tressie M., aged 16; Jesse, aged 14, a student in the mili- tary school at Kearney; and Laura, aged 12. Mr. Hanna has had a remarkably interesting and adventurous career and he has met all the requirements thereof with an unyielding forti- tude and constancy to duty. He is essentially a child of nature and has reveled in her wild and virgin luxuriance, yet has had an unswerv- ing fidelity to the requirements of civilized life, daring dangers of every kind in their behalf. Whether sharing the lowly couch of "Big Nosed George," a notorious road-agent, acting a part of necessary cunning while a private detective of the Union Pacific Railroad, whether founding a town and establishing its civil functions or marching in the Bozeman-Rosebud expedition against the Sioux Indians, who under the com- mand of Sitting Bull kept them fighting for twenty-seven days ; whether hunting wild beasts alone in the forest or on the plains or helping to arrest and imprison lawless men of desperate character ; whether gliding down the turbid Missouri for hundreds of miles with a few faith- ful companions, the mark of frequent shots of hostile savages all along the course, or pursuing in solitude the daily vocations of his quiet ranch ; in all the exigencies of his existence he has borne himself bravely and with becoming dignity. 220 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMIXG. HON. E. A. SLACK. One of the men, who for more than thirty years has been and still is one of the "powers behind the throne" in Wyoming is Hon. E. A. Slack, of Cheyenne, editor of the Cheyenne Daily Leader and receiver at the U. S. land-office in that city. Broadminded and comprehensive in the view which he takes of public affairs, he is the confidant of U. S. senators and congressmen, and consulted by the political managers of the great political party to which he belongs, who have not infrequently taken their "cue" from him as to the proper issues and plans for political campaigns in Wyoming, conferred with by gov- ernors in reference to appointments to office, and, as a matter of fact, often naming many of the appointees in the first instance, and, in one in- stance, actually naming every appointment made during the term. Mr. Slack has been recognized for more than a quarter of a century as a most remarkable man, one who has probably had more to do with the matter of pushing Wyoming for- ward to the very enviable position which it now occupies among the far western states of the American Union than any other person in Wyo- ming. Edward Archibold Slack was born at Owego, N. Y., on October 2, 1842, but while yet a mere child his parents removed to Peru, 111. His father, who was educated at Norwich, Vt., was a civil engineer of considerable distinction and a confidant and close friend of General Sickles, Gen. G. M. Dodge and also other distin- guished men, and in many cases he was associ- ated with them in important enterprises. ' His mother was the late Mrs. Esther Morris (she having married a second'time) one of the noblest women that ever lived in the far West and who has not inappropriately been termed "the mother of women suffrage in Wyoming." At the age of fifteen years Mr. Slack began to learn the print- ers' trade at Peru, 111., and later went to Chi- cago for the same purpose, but on May 1, 1861, when but eighteen years of age, he enlisted in the Nineteenth Illinois Infantry, in which organi- zation he served during the Civil War until about the middle of June, 1864, when, his term of en- listment expiring, he returned to Chicago, having served faithfully and with credit in the cause of his country. Shortly after returning from the war Mr. Slack entered the sophomore class of the Chicago University, where he remained for two years, later completing his collegiate course at Fulton, 111. While attending the Chi- cago University, Mr. Slack, under orders from General Sweet in command at Camp Douglas, then filled with Confederate prisoners of war, or- ganized a great company of cadets of which he was given command ; it being apprehended that an attempt might be made by the prisoners to break up the camp and escape. In the spring of 1868 Mr. Slack came to Wyoming and located at South Pass, where he engaged in the newspa- per business and in due time became clerk of the District Court. Early in 1871 Mr. Slack was married to Miss Sarah F. Neeley, she being a sister of Mrs. Gen. John M. Palmer, who was at that time governor of Illinois, the mar- riage ceremony being performed at the city residence of the governor in Springfield, 111. In the early fall of 1871 Mr. Slack came to Laramie City in Albany county, Wyo., where he began the publication of the Laramie Daily Independent (later the Laramie Sun), and at about the same time he began to take a very active part in politics as a leader and worker in the political field, not in the way of aspiring to office himself, but in March, 1876, he moved his plant to Cheyenne, where having bought the Cheyenne Daily News, he consolidated the two and began the publication of the Cheyenne Daily Sun. In 1895 he purchased the Cheyenne Daily Leader outfit. For a time the daily published by Mr. Slack was known as "The Sun-Leader," but later the name was changed again and it is now known as "The Cheyenne Daily Leader," being one of the ablest edited and most influential newspapers in the far West. While never having linn what might be called an aspirant to public office, he was nevertheless appointed receiver of the U. S. land-office in Cheyenne in 1898 by the late President McKinley and was reappointed in [902. He has discharged the duties of that posi- tion witli satisfaction to the government and PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 221 with credit to himself, being now (May, 1903) in the incumbency of the office. As a public spir- ited citizen, whose impulses are always in the right direction, and as a husband and father, Mr. Slack may be pointed to as a model. In the broader field of public affairs it may be said that scarcely a measure can be named, which has been originated for the benefit of Wyoming and carried to successful consummation within the last quarter of a century, where he has not been among the first and foremost, and sometimes the only leader in the fight. His paper, of all pa- pers in Wyoming, was the first to advocate state- hood ; he fought single-handed and alone for free textbooks in the schools of Wyoming and carried his point; he moved forward first in the lead in organizing the State Editorial Associa- tion of which he is the president, and, in a reso- lution introduced by him in that body, took the lead in the State Industrial Convention move- ment, and it is a well-known fact that the idea of having Wyoming properly represented at the St. Louis Louisiana Purchase Exposition ema- nated from that body. He also organized and set on foot the Pioneer Association, of which he is the chairman, and from this association came the idea of holding the annual Frontier Day cele- brations at the capital of the state, now a per- manent feature, as celebrations have been held annually, beginning with 1897. In local enter- prises, those which pertain more particularly to Cheyenne, Mr. Slack (we might say Colonel Slack, for so he is usually called, having held several positions in the Grand Army of the Re- public, which gave him that title, to say nothing of his having been commander of the cadets at the Chicago University, which we presume also entitled him to that rank) has always been among the first and foremost in advocating just and necessary measures and enterprises, such as the establishment of a water and sewer system, the organization of a building and loan association, the payment of better wages to teachers in the public schools, the lighting of the streets of the city by electricity, etc. At present Colonel Slack is erecting not only a number of medium-sized office buildings on the southwest corner of Capi- tol avenue and Seventeenth street, in Cheyenne, but he is also erecting a large and commodious building just north of the Inter-Ocean Hotel on Capitol avenue, into which, when completed, he will transfer his extensive printing plant, at the same time putting in new machinery to make of it one of the best and most thoroughly equip- ped newspaper establishments in the far West. But we must stop at this point, for want of space will not permit us to elaborate. We can only say in conclusion that which we have already said before, that Col. Edward A. Slack is one of "the powers behind the throne" in Wyoming. SAMUEL HOWES HARDIN. Born in the city of Cambridge, Massachu- setts, on November 16, 1846, the sixth son of Seth W. and Reliance (Howes) Hardin, Samuel H. Hardin comes from the best strains of early colonial New England settlers. His parents re- moved to Chicago, 111., in 1847, an d in 1849 to Peru, where his father engaged in the lumber and grain business, Samuel, at the age of fif- teen, returning to Chicago to enter the real-es- tate office of his brother, Seth W. Hardin, Jr. In 1864 he was employed in the banking-house of Cushman, Hardin & Bro., in which house his brothers, Seth W. Jr., and Isaac N. were part- ners. He remained in this bank until 1868 when he became a teller in the William F. Coolbaugh Bank (Union National) of Chicago, then the largest bank west of New York City. Nature equipped Mr. Hardin for a prominent position in the affairs of men, and as a banker he wouid no doubt have attained a conspicuous and exalted place had he chosen to devote his energies to this calling, but his nature yearned for the wider fields of action that in 1871 attracted his atten- tion in the far west and southwest. The price of cattle at that time in remote parts of Texas was as low as $1.00 per head for cattle and land in unlimited qualities could be purchased at ten cents per acre, and in 1878 he determined to en- gage in the cattle industry and in 1880 he found- ed the firm of Hardin, Campbell & Co., and lo- cated their range and ranch on the Tongue River, 222 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. Wyoming, near the Montana line and at the base of the Big Horn Mountains, a then very far distant and unsettled country, abounding in buf- falo and other wild game and the coveted home of the Sioux and Crow Indians. Thus his pioneer life began amidst scenes, deprivations and hard- ship, that only the pioneers of that period can understand. He brought into this new life those characteristics that stamped him then, as now. a leader among men. The great cattle industry of the west soon after became the center of attraction for the capitalist and men of courage and enterprise from the East, West and South- west and from Europe and Canada until all the ranges became stocked with great herds of cat- tle. Mr. Hardin became prominent in all mat- ters pertaining to the cattle industry. He or- ganized the first live stock association in Wyo- ming north of Cheyenne and was its president for several years. He also rendered valuable as- sistance in the later organization of the Montana Live Stock Association and served many years on the executive committee of that association from Wyoming at the time when Theodore Roosevelt, now President of the United States, served on the same committee from Dakota. Few men who then entered into the cattle busi- ness have so continuously remained in it as has Mr. Hardin. He now owns the same ranch and brand of cattle that he located and established twenty-three vears ago. His success in his chosen field is marked in man}- ways. The brand of cattle he started in 1880 has for man/ years had the distinction of rare quality, command- ing the highest prices on the markets. His firm established in 1880 was succeeded by the Hardin- Hysham Cattle Co.. in 1898, and this company in 1900 by the present firm of S. H. Hardin & Co., consisting of S. H. Hardin and his stepson, John Grieves Mcllvain. Mr. Hardin is the present president of the Old Settlers' Club and takes great interest in the organization. He was nominated for the legislature in 1902 without his knowledge or consent, was elected by a very large majority and in the Seventh Legislative Assembly served his people and his state with marked ability. His nomination for eovernor in 1906 is generally spoken of. He is not, nor ever has been, in politics and should the high office of governor of his young, virile state be tendered him, it will no doubt fail to induce him to enter the field of politics. "Hardin Cabin" the familv home is located on his ranch, being; built on an eminence at the confluence of the Tongue River and Wolf Creek, commanding a grand view of mountains, hills and valleys for miles in every direction. It is a most spacious and charm- ing country home, having few if any equals in the Rocky Mountain region. Mr. Hardin mar- ried in 1895 with Mrs. Jessie Grieves Mcllvain. a native of Philadelphia, Pa., a daughter of Charles Brown and Christina (Dubois) Grieves of that city, and their charming and hospitable home receives from her supervision a most de- lightful addition of cultured refinement. JAMES HARDMAN. One of the pioneer stockmen of Albany county, Wyoming, who have here met with suc- cess is_ James Hardman. the subject of this sketch, who is now a prominent citizen of Lara- mie. A native of England, born in the year 1837, he is the son of Richard and Sarah (Wyld) Hardman, both natives of England, where the father was a calico printer, following that occu- pation at Bury, in his native country, up to the time of his death in 1867. at the age of fifty-nine years. In politics he was a Liberal, and was the son of James and Bettie Hardman, both natives of England, where the mother was also born in 181 1, a daughter of James Wyld. a leading cit- izen of Bury, who was engaged in the dual vo- cations of farming and butchering. She was a woman of extraordinary character and the moth- er of thirteen children, eight of whom are now living. She passed away in 1804 at the great age of eighty-three years. James Hardman passed his early life in his native country and received such limited schooling as his opportuni- ties permitted in the public schools in the neigh- borhood otVBury. At the early age of eight years he was put to work in the woolen mills at that place, where he remained for a short time, at the PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 223 age of fourteen years entering upon an ap- prenticeship to the trade of machinist. He pur- sued this employment for about seven years in England, then accepted a position with an iron- works company, and traveled in the interest of that house for six years. In 1864 he came to America and located first in New Jersey, secur- ing employment as a machinist for about one year and then removed to the interior of the state of New York, where he continued in the same occupation until 1871, when he resolved to come to the western country, and soon found himself at Greeley, in the territory of Colorado. At this place, he followed his former occupa- tion and ranching for a short time, thence com- ing to the territory of Wyoming, where in 1874 he accepted a position in the shops of the Union Pacific Railroad at Laramie. Here he remained for twelve years, being one of the most trusted employes of that company. In July, 1886, he resigned his position with the railroad and lo- cated a homestead near his present ranch prop- erty, about eighteen miles southwest of Lara- mie, where he engaged in raising cattle and in ranching. Here he has remained up to the pres- ent writing engaged in the same pursuit and has met with marked success, being now the owner of a fine ranch of over 900 acres of land, well fenced and with. modern improvements, build- ings and appliances for the carrying on of his business. He takes a special pride in the raising of thoroughbred and graded stock, and makes a specialty of the white-face line of cattle. In 1861, in his native country, Mr. Hardman was united in marriage with Miss Mary Dent, a native of Durham, England, and a daughter of William Dent, one of the leading. residents of that place. To their union were born six children, Sarah, William, Emma (now deceased), Edwin, Anna, Bessie (deceased). Mrs. Hardman passed away from earth in 1882 and was buried at Laramie, Wyo. In 1884, Mr. Hardman was again mar- ried, the bride being Mrs. Alice (Buckley) Kent, a native of England, and a daughter of John and Elizabeth (Brooks) Buckley, both natives of the same country, who had one child by her first marriage. Her father was a master boiler- maker in England, and followed that occupation up to the year 1869. He then disposed of his boiler-making business and entered into partner- ship with his father in the cotton waste and gro- cery business which he followed until his death, in the year 1897, when he had attained to the age of seventy-three years. He was the son of John Buckley, who long successfully followed dealing in groceries and cotton waste in his native coun- try of England. Mrs. Hardman's mother passed away on July 22, 1890, and her father was named David Brooks, who was also a successful busi- ness man of England. To the union of Mr. and Mrs. Hardman have been born two children, James B. and Alice H., both of whom are living. Politically, Mr. Hardman is a stanch member of the Republican party, taking an active part in public affairs. Fraternally, he is affiliated with the Free Masons and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, being one of the leading men of his section of Wyoming and enjoying the re- spect of nearly all classes of people. HENRY S. HANSON. One of the leading citizens of Salem, Wyo- ming, is the subject of this brief sketch, Henry S. Hanson, a prominent ranchman and stock- owner who is a native of Sweden, born in that country on July 11, 1870, a son of John and Mar- tha (Olson) Hanson, both natives of the same country, where his father followed the occupa- tion of farming until his emigration to America which occurred in January, 1888, for leaving his family at the old home in Sweden, the father then came to the New World, locating first in Henry county, Illinois, where he established him- self in farming and a few months later as soon as he had arranged his new home for their ac- commodation, he sent for his wife and children to join him. ttere they remained engaged in agricultural pursuits until 1892 when in the fall the family removed to Wyoming, and there im- mediately took up the ranch which the subject of this sketch now owns and occupies, situated about fourteen miles northwest of Pine Bluffs. Soon after establishing themselves at this place. 224 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. they purchased a small band of cattle and en- gaged in a modest way in cattleraising. The father continued in this occupation with con- siderable success until 1898, when he disposed of his interest in the ranch and cattle to his son, Henry, and removed to Minnesota, purchasing a farm in the county of Isanti, and there he has continued forming until the present writing. Henry S. Hanson grew to manhood in his na- tive country and there received his early edu- cation in the public schools. Coming to Amer- ica with his mother in 1888, he continued to re- side at the family home in Illinois, until 1889, when he left home and, going to the northern part of Wisconsin, he there secured employ- ment in a sawmill until the spring of 1890, when he then returned to Henry county, Illinois, and engaged in farming there until August, 1895, thence coming to Wyoming on a visit to his par- ents, who were then residing at their ranch about fourteen miles from Pine Bluffs, and here he remained for a short time, assisting his fa- ther in the work and management of the ranch and cattle. Afterward he removed to Colorado, where he located in the vicinity of Greeley, se- curing employment as a farmhand. Here he re- mained acquiring a thorough knowledge of ranching and stockraising until 1898, when he returned to Wyoming, and purchased from his father the home ranch, with the cattle and all other property interests, and since that time he has been continuously employed in the manage- ment of his ranch and prosperous cattle business, during a portion of the time being associated with his brother, Joseph, who. has now a small interest in the business. By hard work, close at- tention to business and careful management and personal supervision of all details Mr. Hanson is building up a good paying property. Po- litically, he is a stanch adherent of the Repub- lican party, ever active in the political life of the section where he resides. In 1898 he received the appointment as postmaster at Salem, giving entire satisfaction to the public until 1901, when he tendered his resignation that he might make a visit to his native country where he remained for three months, rapidly visiting the scenes of his childhood and early manhood, and then re- turned again to his Wyoming ranch and cattle interests, where he has since been fully occupied, being one of the rising young stockmen of Lar- amie county. HAROLD H. HARRISOX. The postmaster and leading merchant of Au- burn, Uinta county, Harold H. Harrison, is a native of Utah, born on April 4, 1863, the son of Henry J. and Sarah E. (Burningham) Har- rison, natives of England, who came to Utah in i860, crossing the plains with handcarts, theirs being the second train of this kind to make the trip. The father was a mason by trade and worked at his craft as diligently and faithfully in his new home as he had done in the old. He put up the first brick house built at Bountiful and now divides his time between this place and Salt Lake City, still working at his trade al- though past seventy years of age. His parents, James and Judith (Edgerton) Harrison, came from England to Utah some time after his ar- rival there and Mrs. Harrison, Harold's mother, was a daughter of Thomas and Sarah E. Burn- ingham of England. She died in L T tah in 1887, aged fifty-three years. Harold Harrison was the eldest of the eight children of his parents and was educated in the public schools of Utah. He learned the trade of his father and worked at it with his father in his native place until 1892 when he came to Auburn, AYyoming, and en- gaged in merchandising, purchasing the store and stock of Charles Kingston, now a resident of Evanston. Wyo., and settling down to busi- ness, being one of the earliest residents of the town. His venture prospered and his trade in- creased to such an extent that in 189S he was obliged to build more extensive accommoda- tions, and he accordingly erected a commodious and convenient two-story store building, in which he gathered and arranged for advantageous dis- play and for convenient handling as large, varied and well-selected a stock of general merchandise as can be found anywhere in this part of the country. This storehouse is complete in equip- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 225 ment and has under it the best cellar in the val- ley. From his settlement here Mr. Harrison has been the postmaster of the town and for six years was also a justice of the peace. He was married at Salt Lake City on September 21, 1882, with Miss Clara Mold, a native of Eng- land and a daughter of Thomas and Jane (Spencer) Mold, who came to Utah in 1870 with her widowed mother and the rest of the family. Mr. and Mrs. Harrison have six children, Lil- lian Clara, Harold Roy, Ross Leo, Ona Alvin, Vivian Cecil and Rex Leland. The head of this house is one of the leading citizens of this county, being universally respected and esteemed. ROBERT B. HARVEY. On "Caledonia's rugged hills" for generations have lived the ancestors of Robert B. Harvey of Mountain View, Wyoming, his father being the first of the family to leave their native Scotland and cross the Atlantic to secure a home in the United States, eventually locating in the city of Muscatine, Iowa, where, on July 23, i860, Rob- ert was born. His parents were William H. and Agnes (McCulloch) Harvey, and they gave to their children such educational advantages as were available at the time, Robert attending the public schools until 1877, when he courageously took up the duties of life for himself and coming to Fort Bridger, Wyoming, he engaged to ride the range for Philip Mass, following this stren- uous occupation for him for three years, and two thereafter in the Big Horn country. From there he returned to his former home in this state and there forming a partnership with his uncle, he took charge of a band of cattle on shares. He prospered in his undertaking and at the end of three years took up a tract of 160 acres of land on Smith's Fork, about one mile from the little village of Mountain View, where he is now lo- cated permanently and where he has since in- dividually conducted a cumulative industry in raising cattle and horses, having fine grades of each, and in addition has valuable real-estate in- terests in the town of Mountain View. By his earnest and forceful energy and integrity Mr. Harvey has risen to importance in local public affairs, having been the capable and efficient road supervisor of the southeast district of Uinta county during the past four years, discharging his duties to the satisfaction of the people and the benefit of the community. In politics he is allied with the Republican party, and fraternally he is connected with the Woodmen of the World through his membership in the local lodge at Fort Bridger. On November 25, 1883, in Sac- ramento, California, he was united in marriage with Miss Emma Forehand, a daughter of Am- nion and Annie (Webster) Forehand, natives of Litchfield, 111., pioneers of that state. The chil- dren of Mr. and Mrs. Harvey are Robert W., George E., William R., Ralph A., and Hazel S., who died at the age of seven years in February, 1902, Edna, who died in infancy in November, 1899, Frederick A. and Edith E. JAMES R- HAWLEY. The capable, accurate and very efficient time- keeper for the Union Pacific Railroad at Raw- lins, Carbon county, Wyoming, was born in Liv- ingston county. New York, in 1838. His father, James Hawley, was born in Delaware county in the same state in 1806, but died in Livingston county in 1897, being a son of John and Mary (Robinson) Hawley, the farmer of whom was a native of Scotland, • who settled in the state of New York in 1801 and there passed the re- mainder of his life. The mother of James R. Hawley bore the maiden name of Mary Ruth- ven and was born in Scotland, married in New York state and died in 185 1, the mother of ten children. James R. Hawley received his prep- aratory education in the public schools and then attended the Western New York Seminary at Lima, N. Y., from which he was graduated in' 1859. The following ten years he passed in teaching school in his native state and then he turned his attention to farming, in 1875 coming to Laramie, Wyoming, and entering the employ of the Union Pacific Railroad as clerk and hold- ing this position two years, then coming to Rawlins, where be has since lived, with the ex- 226 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF 1VY0UIXG. ception of six years, and is employed by the Union Pacific as time-keeper. In 1868 Mr. Haw- ley married with Miss Olivia Doty, who was born in New York in 1840, a daughter of Smith Doty ; but she was called from earth in 1878 leav- ing four children, Frederick E., James G., Cecil, Charlotte, deceased. Mr. Hawley is an ener- getic member of the Republican party and has done his share of active party work, on more than one occasion being largely instrumental in its success at the polls. His personal popularity has been demonstrated by his election to several of- fices of trust, honor and prominence, chief among them being justice of the peace of Rawlins, pro- bate judge of Carbon county and county treas- urer, in all of' which offices he has fully come up to the expectations of his constituents and met with the approbation of the public. Mr. Hawley is a gentleman of great mental capacity, which has been plainly manifested in every po- sition he has held, and it is within the scope of reasonable supposition that higher honors await him in the near as well as the ultimate future. He is public-spirited and broadminded, and ever ready to contribute of his available means and to lend a helping hand to all enterprises that have a tendency to advance and improve the general prosperity of the community. He is a member of the Masonic fraternity and lives strictly in accordance with the teachings of that grand organization. As a citizen he is univer- sally respected, for he conscientiously 'performs every duty entailed upon him and as a man he counts his friends by the hundreds. HON. FRANCIS E. WARREN. The foremost citizen of the state of Wyo- ming, and one of the leading public men of the United States, is Senator Francis E. Warren. For many years he has been identified with the commercial and political life of the territory and state and has been a prominent factor in develop- ing the resources and laying the foundations of the commonwealth of Wyoming. A resident of Wyoming since 1868, he has seen it grow from its then primitive condition to the civilization and prosperity of the present day. Savagery and barbarity have passed away and the desert and wilderness have given way to settled and prosperous agricultural districts and industrial centers alive with the busy ways of trade and commerce. In this marvellous growth and de- velopment Senator Warren has borne a foremost part for more than thirty-four years. Coming to the territory when but twenty-four years of age, he held the responsible position of mana- ger of the extensive mercantile interests of Mr. A. R. Converse, then one of the most extensive operators on the frontier. At that time the city of Cheyenne was a typical western town, hav- ing all the characteristics of frontier life on the plains. It had no buildings save tents and tem- porary frame structures and there was little re- gard for law or for social order. The great change that has come about during the years which have followed has been due in no small measure to the energy and progressive spirit, the organizing ability and strength and the firm- ness of character of Senator Warren. A native of the old commonwealth of Massachusetts, he was born in the city of Hinsdale on June 20, 1844. His father was Joseph S. Warren, a member of the distinguished New England fam- ily of that name. They were among the early set- tlers of Massachusetts and bore an historic part in the early Colonial history, of the American republic, Gen. Joseph Warren who fell at the battle of Bunker Hill being a representative of the family. The mother of Senator Warren, Cynthia E. Abbott, was of English descent, and her family were among the pioneers of the Massachusetts colony, the name often occurring in early, as well as later, New England histon . The father of Francis E. Warren was always a farmer and trader, a shrewd and successful man of business, but while in many respects a man of liberal ideas, he did not believe in the higher education, and thought the training of the com- mon schools, which was all that he himself pos- sessed, was sufficient for anyone. lie therefore encouraged his children to master the details "I practical things ami to acquire a knowledge of commercial ami industrial life rather than to HON. F. E. WARREN. PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 227 devote their time to an academical and classical education. Consequently young Warren had little opportunity of acquiring an education in his early life, his schooling being confined to a few weeks' attendance upon the district schools during the winter season and the rest of his time occupied with work on the farm. At fifteen years of age he attended Hinsdale Academy for one year, and that marked the end of his school life. He was then placed in charge of a dairy farm for a year, and at the age of seventeen years he enlisted in Co. C, Forty-ninth Mass. Infantry as a soldier of the Union army of the Civil War. His regiment was ordered into in- struction camps at Pittsfield and Worcester, there drilled and prepared for service, then they were ordered to New York City for garrison duty, later going to New Orleans, being assigned to the nineteenth army corps. The regiment was soon detailed for service at the front ana took part in the siege and capture of Port Hud- son and in other important engagements in- cluding Donaldsonville. During the siege of Port Hudson, Corporal Warren, for he had been promoted, participated in one of the most gallant actions of the war, and in later years Congress recognized the heroism of the few survivors, awarding them medals of honor. It had been determined to storm the Confederate position, and the Forty-ninth Mass. was called upon for volun- teers to precede the main force of the at- tacking army and fill with fascines a large trench which formed a part of the enemy's defences and must be passed by the Union forces in making the proposed attack. Young Warren was one of the first volunteers for this dangerous service. As soon as the purpose of this advance force was observed by the enemy, a fire so terrific was opened upon it that about three-fourths of the little band were either killed or wounded, but the resolute remainder, the "forlorn hope," ac- complished its purpose, although at an appalling sacrifice of life, and prepared the way for the successful assault. While the firing was at its height, the fascine carried by Corporal Warren was struck by a cannon ball and the blow knocked him down and rendered him uncon- 14 scious for several hours. To this circumstance he doubtless owes his life, for under the deadly fire of the enemy every commissioned officer of the command was killed and the entire de- tachment practically annihilated. Remaining in the service until the close of the war, Senator Warren then returned to his native state and was the manager of a large stock farm until the spring of 1868, when he determined to seek his fortune in the far west and came to Iowa, where he became a foreman of construction work on the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad, soon however going to Cheyenne, Wyo., where he at once engaged in mercantile pursuits and also became interested in the live stock business. From the first his energy, untiring perseverance and indomitable resolution to make for himself a high place in the business and public life of the new country brought to him a large measure of success. In 1871 was formed the large mercan- tile firm of Converse & Warren, which for years carried on an extensive business in Cheyenne and adjacent territory. Subsequently he purchased the interest of his partner and continued the business as F. E. Warren & Co. - Several years later the operations of this house became so ex- tended that it was incorporated as the F. E. Warren Mercantile Co., Senator Warren being its president. This company has been for many years the leading mercantile house of Wyoming and its business transactions extended throughout the entire state. Mr. Warren is one of the pioneer stockmen of the west and has done much to de- velop that industry not only in Wyoming but in adjoining states. During the decade from 1873 to -1883 he gave attention to the raising of cattle and sheep, and was a member of the live stock firms of Guiterman & Warren, Miner & Warren and Post & Warren, all having large in- terests in Wyoming and Colorado. In 1883, he organized and became the president of the War- ren Live Stock Co., one of the heaviest com- panies of the west, having extensive holdings of lands, horses and sheep in Wyoming and Colorado. Mr. Warren has shown his public spirit and his confidence in the future of Cheyenne by erecting several of the largest 228 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. blocks and most important buildings of the city, among them are the Warren Block, First Na- tional Bank Building, Atlas Block, Commercial Building, Union Block, Phoenix Block, the station of the Cheyenne and Burlington Railroad and numerous residences. He is also the presi- dent of the Cheyenne Light, Fuel & Power Co., which owns the electric light and gas-works of that city. Always foremost in the advocacy of all measures calculated to promote the interests of the city, or to develop the resources of the state, he has shown his faith by his works, and has invested the profits of his business enter- prise in the building up of the city of his resi- dence and the state of his adoption. Seldom has his judgment been in error, either in business or public affairs, and he is considered as one of safest and most conservative, as well as the most progressive and enterprising, of the leading men of the west. During his residence of thirty-four years of life in the territory and state he has been called upon by his fellow citizens on many occasions to accept positions of honor and trust. In 1872 he was elected as a trustee of the city of Cheyenne and shortly afterward was elected one of the members of the Territorial Legis- lature, also serving as president of the Senate before he was thirty years of age, while for six years he was treasurer of the territory. In 1884 he was tendered and declined the unani- mous nomination of the Republican party as a candidate ' for delegate to Congress. In 1885 he was elected mayor of Cheyenne and while ser- ing in that position was appointed as governor of the territory by President Arthur. During his term of office the anti-Chinese riots occurred at Rock Springs, Wyo., and by his decisive and statesmanlike action in enforcing the laws and protecting the Chinese he earned the commenda- tion of good citizens, not only in Wyoming but throughout the United States. Owing to his criticism of General Land Commissioner Sparks, which he saw fit to make in his official report as governor, he was removed from office by Presi- dent Cleveland, but in 1889 was again appointed governor by President Harrison, and served un- til the admission of Wyoming as a state. At the state election in 1890 he was elected the first governor of the state, and upon the convening of the legislature received the high distinction of an election as one of the first U. S. Senators from the state. He took his oath of office on December 1, 1890, and his term expired on March 4, 1893. In 1895 he was again elected by the leg- islature to that office, receiving the unanimous vote of the Republican members of the legisla- ture. When the legislature convened in 1901, Senator Warren was occupied with official duties at Washington, D. C, but nearly all the members of the legislature wrote to him pledging their support for his reelection. He therefore did not return to his state and was duly reelected his own successor for the term ending March 3, 1907. His record in the United States Senate has been distinguished by great ability and tire- less activity. He has been loyal to every interest of his constituents, while guarding the welfare of the people of the entire country. No sacrifice has been too great, nor has any expenditure, either of time or energy, been considered by him in the performance of his patriotic duty to the people of his state and nation. While not a speech-maker and considering himself only a plain man of business, he has nevertheless so impressed himself upon the U. S. Senate by his force of character and clearness of statement, that he is considered one of the leaders of that body, and is always listened to with reverence and respect. Devoted to the interests of the west and believing that no greater question was ever presented for the consideration of the thoughtful men of America than the irrigation of the arid lands, it was largely through his ef- forts that the Congress passed the present na- tional irrigation law. He is chairman of the Senate Committee on Claims, one of the most important committees of Congress and is also a member of the following important committees, Appropriations, Agriculture and Forestry, Irri- gation and Reclamation of Arid Lands, Military Affairs, Public Buildings and Grounds, Indus- trial Expositions. He is one. of the strong men of the west, a practical man of large affairs, possessing broad views and statesmanlike char- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 229 acter, whose service in the U. S. Senate has been of inestimable value to the people of his statu and to the entire country. Successful in business, straightforward in his methods, both in busi- ness and in public life, unselfish and unswering in his devotion to public duty, he is loyal to his friends, faithful to the people of Wyoming, and a' patriotic and distinguished representative of the American republic. HON. JOSIAH A. VAN ORSDEL. Standing out as one of the central figures in the recent history of Wyoming is the name of Hon. Josiah A. Van Orsdel. Prominent in the public and political affairs of the state, with a reputation as a jurist second to none of his compeers and possessing those abilities eminently fitting him for high station, there are few men of his age that have achieved as marked distinc- tion in professional and official life. Although a young man, there is in him a weight of char- acter, a native sagacity, a far-seeing judgment and a fidelity of purpose to the various private and public trusts with which he has been iden- tified, that commands the unbounded respect of the people, irrespective of political creed. Of indefatigable enterprise and fertility of resource, he has carved his name deeply upon the records of Wyoming and no compendium, such as the province of this work defines in its essential limitations, will serve to offer a complete record of his life, character and accomplishments. Josiah A. Van Orsdel, the attorney-general of Wyoming, is a native of Lawrence county, Pa., where he- was born on November 17, i860. He is a scion of an old Colonial family, tracing his lineage back to an early period in the history of his own state and Virginia. His father, Ralph L. Van Orsdel, was born in Adams county, Pa., on May 9, 1812. His mother, whose maiden name was Margaret Randolph, was a native of Beaver county, Pa. The father was a son of Cornelius Van Orsdel of Virginia, a Revolu- tionary soldier, who distinguished himself in some of the most noted campaigns of the his- toric struggle for independence, participating in a number of battles as a private and the col- orbearer. He bore a gallant part in the action at Eutaw Springs and at the close of the war was awarded by an act of Congress a large tract of land in western Pennsylvania, for brave and meritorious conduct in that memorable engage- ment. When independence was achieved he moved to Adams county, Pa., thence in 1823 to Beaver county, where he died in 1826. He followed agricultural pursuits in his native state until his death in 1891, Mrs. Van Orsdel dying in 1886. Ralph and Margaret Van Orsdel had ten sons and one daughter, Josiah A. being the youngest, of this large family only six are now living. In his native county and state and in the public schools Josiah A. Van Orsdel ac- quired his preliminary education, which was supplemented by a full classical course in West- minster College at New Wilmington, Pa., from which he was graduated with an honorable rec- ord in 1885. For one year thereafter he en- gaged in teaching, then entered the office of Dana & Long, prominent attorneys of New- castle, under whose instruction he had been prosecuting his law studies from' the time of his graduation. Upon completing his legal course he turned his face westward and engaged in business for a time in Gage county, Neb., where he was admitted to the practice of his profes- sion. In 1 891 he came to Cheyenne and formed a partnership with Hugo Donzelman which lasted one year, during which time the firm built up a large and lucrative legal business. The partnership dissolving, Mr. Van Orsdel and R. E. Esteb became associated in a legal prac- tice and the same fall he was elected county and prosecuting attorney, the duties of which of- fice he discharged in an able and satisfactory manner for two years. He soon took high rank among his professional brethren of the Chey- enne bar and became a prominent factor in local and state politics, his prestige as a leader of the Republican party in Laramie county bring- ing him conspicuously to public notice. In the fall of 1894 he was elected to represent Laramie county in the lower house of the State Legisla- ture, and he then took a leading part in the de- 230 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. liberations of that body, earning the reputation of being an able, discreet and judicious law- maker. By reason of his superior legal attain- ments he was given places on some of the most important of the house committees, notably that of lands and irrigation; as chairman of this committee he was instrumental in framing and passing a bill providing for the acceptance by the state of the million acres granted by the U. S. government under the Carey act, accom- plishing great good to the state in the way of redeeming and making habitable large areas of country formerly deemed valueless, this induc- ing an industrious class of people to purchase them for agricultural and grazing purposes. In February, 1895, Mr. Van Orsdel was also made chairman of the commission appointed by the government to compile, revise and codify the laws of Wyoming. This service, which was not completed until 1899, bears evidence of scholar- ship and great legal erudition. Mr. Van Ors- del's record as a legislator is replete with duty ably performed in the interest of his constitu- ents and the state at large, and he retired from the office with 'the approbation of the people, regardless of political complexion. In January, 1898, he was further honored by being ap- pointed attorney-general of Wyoming to fill the unexpired term of Hon. Benjamin F. Fowler, and on April 1 of the following year he was chosen his own successor for a full term of four years. In the exalted office he now holds Mr. Van Orsdel's career has fully demonstrated the wisdom of his appointment and his course has been eminently satisfactory to the people of the state. He has more than met the high expecta- tions of his friends, and so discharges the duties of the position as to receive the hearty approval and warm commendation of the bar of Wyo- ming, as well as the populace. He is independ- ent, fearless, honest and singularly painstaking, discharging his duties in strict compliance with the law, without fear or favor. It is but just to say, and infinitely to General Van Orsdel's credit, that no personal or political bias, pre- judice or zeal has ever been able to deflect his mind from its honest and intelligent convic- tions. His written opinions attest his fitness for judicial position. His style is lucid, unstrained and vigorous ; his statements full and compre- hensive, his analysis perspicuous and complete ; his opinions show research, industry and care, and challenge approval. As a lawyer General Van Orsdel has stood high ever since his ad- mission to the bar. He has a large practice and has been signally successful. He evinces a fa- miliarity with legal principles, a ready percep- tion of facts and the ability to apply the one to the other which obtain for him the reputa- ton of an able and judicious practitioner. Xo one knows better than he the necessity of thorough preparation in the trial of causes and no one is more industrious and painstaking in this respect. Always courteous and deferential to the court, kind and forbearing towards his adversaries, he conducts his cases with becom- ing dignity, never resorting to low personalties, vituperation or abuse. Loyal to his client, he leaves nothing undone in his behalf, and in the treatment of the case in hand is always clear and exhaustive. He has a ready command of language and in arguing a cause presents his facts in logical order, enforcing them with strong appeals to reason and judgment, fre- quently rising to true eloquence. Reference has already been made to him as a politician and political leader. He is an able and aggres- sive campaigner and there are always great de- mands for his services on the hustings in state and national contests. He stumped the state in 1894, making friends and winning votes wherever he addressed meetings. As a mem- ber of the Republican State Central Committee he was largely instrumental in leading his party to success in several campaigns. At the present time he is the chairman of the committee, con- ducting his third successive campaign as such officer. In this capacity he has shown marked executive ability, leading his party to victory in each campaign. As a party manager he is fully appreciated by the party leaders, as well as by the rank and file of the party throughout the state. In March, 1895. General Van Orsdel formed a partnership with C. W. Burdick, PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 231 which still exists. When not attending to his official duties he gives close personal attention to the extensive business which has come to the firm, and he may be said to be one of the busiest as well as one of the most successful lawyers of the Wyoming bar. He is in the prime of life, popular with all classes as a law- yer, official and citizen, and it is safe to predict for him a prosperous and distinguished career in years yet to be. In his domestic life he is fortunately situated, enjoying the companion- ship of an intelligent and refined wife, to whom he was married on July 28, 1891, at Blue Springs, Neb., her maiden name being Kate Barnum. They have a beautiful home in Chey- enne, where their cultured hospitality is always in evidence. General Van Orsdel is a member of the Presbyterian church of Cheyenne and he has served on its board of trustees for ten years. HON. HENRY G. HAY. Through many lines of productive activity, in mercantile life, the stock industry, banking, mining and real-estate dealing on an extensive scale and through a large acquaintance with cus- toms, interests and peoples in various parts of our country, Hon. Henry G. Hay, the state treasurer of Wyoming, has come to his present commanding eminence in this part of the world and his fitness and great capacity for influence and high standing anywhere. He was born at Indianapolis, Ind., on October 31, 1847, tne son of George D. and Harriet H. (Axtell) Hay, the former a native of Lancaster county, Pa., and the latter of Geneva, N. Y., his father being a prominent merchant of the city of his nativity. Soon after his birth the family removed to Vin- cennes, Ind., and there the father continued for a number of years the business so successfully carried on at Indianapolis. Some years later he took up his residence at New Orleans and made that Southern metropolis the base of his mercan- tile operations until the beginning of the Civil War drove him through the blockade to seek a home for his declining years among the people holding the sentiments which were dear to him and who were defending them. The autumnal evening of his life descended quietly and peace- , fully to the tomb, the end coming on the Atlantic seaboard at a pleasant resort where his remains were cremated, from whence the ashes were brought to his former home at Vincennes and buried beside those of his wife who had died a number of years before. Their son, Henry G. Hay, attended the Vincennes (Ind.) University until he was seventeen years old, then went east for a course in the German language with the Harmony Society at Economy, in Beaver county, Pa. At the close of his year there he entered the Eastman Commercial College at Poughkeepsie, N. Y., from which he was graduated in 1866. He then came west to Missouri and was made super- intendent of a lead mining company at the age of nineteen, holding the position four years, there- after removing to Cheyenne, Wyo., being there appointed a deputy U. S. surveyor under Dr. Silas Reed, the first surveyor-general of the ter- • ritory. In this capacity he surveyed the first mile of the government survey of Wyoming, it being on the eighth guide meridian, about twelve miles east of Cheyenne. He served five years as a deputy surveyor, in the meantime going into the ranch and stock industry nine miles south- west of Cheyenne, in partnership with John B. Thomas, under the firm name of Hay & Thomas. They continued in this business until 1883 when they sold out to Senator Warren transferring to him one of the best managed and best known stock industries to be found in those days, this the Senator yet owns and he has al- lowed it to suffer no diminution in volume or de- pression in standard. In the fall of 1875, in part- nership with I. C. Whipple as Whipple & Hay, Mr. Hay started a large grocery enterprise and engaged in outfitting for the Black Hills and the ranches. In 1883 this business was sold to the Union Mercantile Co., which still owns and con- ducts it. After the sale of these two enterprises Whipple & Hay formed the Laramie River Cat- tle Co., and engaged extensively in the live stock business, until 1894. Before this industry began operations, in 1881, Mr. Hay, Thomas Sturgis 232 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. and J. M. Carey organized the Stockgrowers' Na- tional Bank at Cheyenne, with Mr. Hay as cash- ier. This position he held until 1894 when he became its president and he has served in this capacity continuously since that time, having been a director since the organization of the bank. This financial house is one of the strongest and best managed banking institutions in this part of the world, and is a source of perennial blessing to the city and county. Its resources include a capital stock of $100,000, with $90,000 surplus, loans and discounts aggregating over $900,000 and deposits amounting to $1,500,000. It was the only bank in Cheyenne that survived the panic of 1893 and it has come forth from every financial trial untarnished and maintained an exalted reputation for great fiscal resources, prudent and skillful management and a spirit of generous accommodation. Mr. Hay owns considerable real-estate of high value in different parts of the state and mining properties and town lots and houses. In politics he is an ardent Republican, everywhere regarded as one of the leading and most forceful and effective workers in his party. He was a member of the conven- tion which framed the constitution of the state, was one of the commissioners from Wyoming to the Columbian Exposition at Chicago in 1893, and was elected state treasurer in 1894, carrying every county in the state. He .served in this office four years and then retired, but in 1902 he was again elected state treasurer, repeat- ing his wonderful achievement of eight years be- fore, even improving on it by the size of his ma- jority. In fraternal relations he is an enthusias- tic Freemason, and has mounted on the mystic ladder step by step to the Thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite, belonging also to chapter, commandery, council and the Mystic Shrine. Of the Blue Lodge at Cheyenne he has been a mem- ber for more than thirty years. He is also affili- ated with the order of Elks and the Sons of the Revolution, belonging to one of the leading societies of this organization in Pennsylvania and eligible to membership through Revolutionary ancestors on both sides of his house. He is besides a charter member of the Cheyenne Club, belongs actively to the Denver Club and to the Denver Athletic Club in Colorado. In each of these organizations he takes a leading part and renders highly appreciated service. But life has not for Mr. Hay been all work and contest. He early bowed beneath the flowery yoke of Eros, marrying with Miss Ella O. Bullock, a daughter of James S. and Nancy (Barrows) Bullock, na- tives of Massachusetts. The marriage occurred on November 18, 1874, and Mrs. Hay died at Cheyenne on November 6, 1895. Her birth- place was Vermillionville, 111., and her remains were buried at Cheyenne, the place where she passed the most of her mature life, and where her charming graces and efficient society labors will long be remembered. Two children sur- vive her, Henry C, and Mildred. Henry G. Hay, Jr., received his academic education at the Cheyenne high school and was prepared for professional life in the law department of Ann Arbor University, Mich., from which he was graduated in 1896. He was admitted to practice in all the courts of the state at Cheyenne and is now connected with his father's bank. He was married on October 12, 1897, to Miss Bessie Robins, an adopted daughter of W. A. Robins, who was for many years secretary of the Union Mercantile Co., of Cheyenne. They have one child, Henry G. Hay. Miss Mildred Hay was educated in the schools of Cheyenne and at Philadelphia, Pa., and she assists in dispensing a generous and refined hospitality. HENRY HELD. There is no element of American citizenship that has been more productive of real good to the country, whether considered as a promoter and builder of industrial and commercial in- terests or as a moral and educational force in the community, than that we have received from the thrift and enterprise of the industrious Ger- man. Of this fact Henry Held of Sheridan. Wyoming, is an impressive illustration. He was born in the Fatherland on November 22, 1852, but when he was but fourteen years of age came to the United States. He lived for a short time HENRY HELD. MRS. HENRY HELD. PROGRESSIVE. MEN OF WYOMING. 233 with an uncle, and then enlisted in the Union army of the Civil War for a term of three years. He was discharged from the service at Fort Kearney in Nebraska and for a time thereafter engaged in railroad construction work on the Union Pacific, working on this until the road was completed. He then returned to Cheyenne, and was in the employ of the U. S. government until May 7, 1882, when he came to Sheridan and built his blacksmith shop, the first horseshoeing establishment in Sheridan, and was one of the five men who laid out the town and he gave it its name of Sheridan and on a portion of it the town of Sheridan has risen to its present fine proportions. After working at his trade for a number of year's he leased his shop and went into the real-estate business. In May 1900 he went to Alaska and is still there, his business in Wyoming being well managed by his wife. In Alaska he has discovered coal mines of value and has other interests of magni-v tude which he is developing. At Sheridan he owns 430 acres of land, also the Mount Hope cemetery, the building occupied by the court- house, and other property which is steadily in- creasing in value. Mr. Held was married at Cheyenne on October 10, 1875, to Miss Nettie B. Nail, a native of Fayette, Arkansas, being a daughter of Larkin and Rebecca Nail, natives of Kentucky and Tennessee. The father died in 1 86 1 and the mother now lives in the Indian Territory. In the absence of her husband Mrs. Held manages all his business in this state and has exhibited business capacity of a high order. Everything prospers in her hands, this being not the result of accident but the legitimate fruit of skill, care and ability. Both herself and her husband are highly respected and esteemed in the community and are fully worthy of the re- gard in which they are held. Mrs. Held is a member of the Pioneers Association and a valued contributor to the interest of its meet- ings being also a charter member of the New Era Association of Sheridan, holding also the vice-presidency of the society. Mr. Held is a Freemason, with membership in the lodge at Sheridan. Mr. and Mrs. Held have one child, Virgie N., wife of John H. Ladd, station agent at the Crow Agency, Mont. CHRIS. J. HEPP. Born in Bavaria, where his ancestors had lived for generations and where his mother died when he was but a child, coming to America with his father when he was eight years old and living for a time in Baltimore, later in Cincin- nati and still later in Chicago, then turning his back when he was but eighteen years of age upon all the allurements and conveniences of the centers of civilization and making his home on the wild frontier of the far west, helping to conquer hostile Indians, destroy lawless stage robbers and punish sneaking horse thieves, and giving himself and his energies to the develop- ment of the country and the multiplication and improvement of its civilizing influences, Chris. J. Hepp, of Kearney in Johnson county, has seen almost every phase of human life and has gathered wisdom from all his observation. The story of his adventurous and busy life, although fruitful in the elements of both comedy and tragedy, can here be told only in commonplace details. He was born in Bavaria on May 2, 1857, the son of Karl and Elizabetha (Koch) Hepp, also natives of the same land. His mother died when he was a young child and in 1865 he accompanied his father to America, landing at Baltimore, Md., and after passing a few years in that city removed to Cincinnati, Ohio, and somewhat later to Chicago, 111., at- tending the schools of these cities as he had opportunity, working between times until 1872 when he went to . northern Wisconsin to begin the struggle for supremacy among his fellows on his own account and he was there em- ployed in the lumber industry and at farming for three years. In 1875 he came farther west and during the next two years courted the smiles of fortune in the mining regions of the Black Hills. During the gold excitement of 1877 he came to the Big Horn Mountains in 234 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. the second party of gold-seekers who invaded this almost unknown region, and after a summer of unsuccessful prospecting engaged in hunting and trapping on Powder River and other streams near Fort McKinney for two years. In the meantime, in 1878, he had taken up a home- stead on Little Piney Creek, twenty-three miles southeast of Sheridan and fifteen from Buffalo, on what is now the main road in Johnson county, it being' a part of the ranch on which he now lives. In 1879 he went to Laramie for im- plements and materials for farming and return- ing to his ranch, on which he had built a house during the previous year, he began to cultivate and improve the land and has made of it a comfortable and desirable home. He owns 1,000 acres, the most of it under cultivation, and all devoted to his principal industry, rais- ing cattle, in which he has been -continuously en- gaged since he settled here. At the time of his occupancy of the land the public survey had not been made, and he had but one neighbor, T. J. Foster, on the creek. His land adjoined the old Fort Phil Kearne)' reservation and con- tained the remains of the soldiers and others who fell in the bloody massacre near this loca- tion. These have since been taken up and buried on the Custer battlefield. His first years of residence here were far from quiet. Stage robbers and horse thieves gave him trouble, roving bands of Indians looked upon his enter- prise with unfriendly eyes, wild beasts contested his right to peaceful possession of the soil he was bringing into fruitfulness, but he reso- lutely persevered in his efforts to gain a firm foot- hold and conquered every obstacle and found himself surrounded with other hardy adven- turers for whom also the rugged frontier wore a winning smile. The section in which they live is one of great historic interest and is often vis- ited by tourists on this account, it will ever be known as a locality where great tragedies of human life have been enacted and Mr. Hepp has a large and interesting collection of souvenirs of the events and personages that have made the region renowned. In the winter of 1885, at Grand Island, Neb., Mr. Hepp was united in marriage with Miss Rosa Weller, a native of Germany. They have six children, Rosa, Ellis, Elsie, Lora, Clara and Chris. In April, 1898, he enlisted in- Co. C, First Wyoming Infantry, and served in the Philippine Islands in battles and engagements with Spanish forces in 1898, the assault and capture of Manila on August 13, actions with Filipinos in 1899, the battle of San Pedro, Macati, February 5, battle of Guada- lupe February 22, battle of San Juan Del Monte March 7, engagements at Maraquina and Anti- polo June 3-4, Zapote, in siege of Bakor and Imus June 15, the capture of San Nicholas June 20, continuing in service until the fall of 1899 when the regiment was brought back and he was mustered out as first sergeant of his company, having made an excellent record for gallantry and other soldierly qualities and having had a gold medal and a bronze medal presented to him. He silenced a Filipino battery single handed at the battle of San Juan Del Monte on March 7, 1899; crawling within 200 yards of this battery he fired into the battery and silenced it. as he was the best shot in his company, having the best score in target practice of any one in Co. C. JACOB H. HERSCHLER. One of the leading ranchmen of his sec- tion, who as a raiser of stock has acquired both reputation and financial success on his fertile ranch at the head of Fontenelle Creek, thirty-five miles from Opal. Mr. Herschler is a native of Lee county, Iowa, where his birth took place on June 28, 1861. His parents, John and Eliza- beth (Pfeiffer) Herschler, are both natives of Germany, the father being a cooper by trade. John Herschler and family came to this country and early settled in Lee county. Iowa, where he has since been a farmer and stockraiser, his home being in the town of West Point, where he is living in retirement, his companion hav- ing departed this life in August, 1872, at the age of forty-three years. Their family orig- inally consisted of eight children, of whom five are living, Jacob being the eldest one of the survivors. He was born near the town of West PROGRESSIVE MEN OF. WYOMING. 2 35 Point, Iowa, and grew to young manhood on his father's farm, enjoying the advantages of a common school education and also receiving instruction in a private institution of learning. He was his father's valuable assistant as long as he remained under the parental roof and on reaching- the age when young men are ex- pected to make their own way in the world he left home and engaged in agricultural pursuits upon his own responsibility in his native state until 1886, when he went to Montana and for two years drove stage between Helena and White Sulphur Springs. Resigning his position with the stage company he came to Uinta county, Wyo., and took up the ranch on Fonte- nelle Creek, where he now lives, subsequently adding to his place until it embraced 500 acres, its present area. Mr. Herschler's land is ad- mirably adapted for grazing, containing a dense growth of rich, nutritious grasses and a plenti- ful supply of water for all stock the ranch will accommodate. He has made substantial im- provements in the way of buildings and in other lines and runs a large number of sheep and cattle and also devotes considerable atten- tion to horses. On September 26, 1886, at West Point, Iowa, was solemnized the marriage ceremony of Mr. Herschler and Josephine Ful- ler, daughter of J. G. and Helen M. (Coggshall) Fuller, the father being a native of Massachu- setts and the mother of Pennsylvania. The Ful- lers are a very old family of Scotch-Irish descent, the progenitors of the American branch com- ing to this county in a very early day. Jedu- than Fuller was a son of John and Sarah (Cobb) Fuller, of Connecticut, where in 1762 was born Nathaniel Fuller, who with his wife Mary were the immediate progenitors of John. How long before that date the family was represented in the Connecticut colony is not known, but its advent there was at a very early date. Mr. and Mrs. Herschler's home is brightened by one son and three daughters, whose names in order of their succession are as follows : Helen E., Francis L., Edgar F. and Emma H. The do- mestic circle is a happy one and all the love and affection the parents possess are unselfishly devoted to the best interests of their offspring. JUDGE CHARLES W. HOLDEN. It is difficult to bring into the limitations of a biographical sketch even the outlines of a life so replete with travel,, adventure and ardu- ous activities as have fallen to the useful and fruitful career of the subject of these notes. Born with the best of ancestral blood flowing in his veins, with a rich store of mental and moral qualities for his heritage, he has shown himself faithful and worthy of all trusts devolv- ing upon him. Scotch and Irish lineage com- mingled with Quaker principles have in him made a personality that has been an uplift to every community in which he has lived. A na- tive of Illinois, born in Hennepin, Bureau county, on January 4, 1838, a son to Miller and Zipporah (Thompson) Holden of Ohio, and being a grandson to Thomas and Elizabeth (Miller) Holden, he was on his father's side a lineal descendant of old Colonial families of Scotch and Quaker parentage, while on his mother's side he inherits that touch of Irish pluck and wit which has ever made the Sons of Erin aggressive workers and fighters. On both sides of his parentage ancestors took part in the Revolutionary War, and "Grandpa" Holden fought in the battle of Trenton. The Judge's father was a preacher and farmer, dying at the age of seventy-seven in 1888 and he was buried in Indiana, where his mother was also interred. He might be said to have received "samples" of district school instruction, having attended schools in Ohio, Michigan, Indiana and Illinois before he was seventeen, when he began life for himself -as a farm hand, having a debt of over $50 and for his services received but $14 per month. For a year he engaged in blacksmith- ing, removing to Dewitt county, 111., about 1858, during which time he commenced the study of law, which he began to practice in Marion be- fore moving to Clinton, the county seat, where he "remained until June, 1861, when he enlisted in Co. F, Forty-first Illinois Infantry, and served as a gallant soldier of the Union army of the Civil War until August, 1864, when he was mustered out at Springfield, being then hospital steward of the general hospital. He 236 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. participated in the bloody engagements of Forts Henry and Donelson, Pittsburg Landing, Cor- inth and at Holly Springs, where he was cap- tured by General Van Dorn, but fortunately he was paroled at once. Having some knowledge of medicine he was made drug clerk in the hos- pital, and later promoted to hospital steward. At Fort Donelson he received signal marks of service, being wounded in both legs, but not seriously. After the war he resumed his law practice at Clinton until 1875, when he drifted about for some time through California, Ore- gon, Idaho, Utah and Washington, in the last named territory being a deputy county auditor under Captain Ewart of Whitman county until the fall of 1876, when he came to Green River, Wyo., opened a law-office and indulged in some literary work, founding the Daily Evening Press of that place, which he continued to edit until he went to Fontenelle Creek in 1877, and took up a homestead and where he now owns personally 560 acres, and with the family 5,000 acres in the county, supporting on his land 200 head of cattle and 100 head of Clydesdale horses. Through his influence was organized the Opal and Big Piney Telephone Co., of which he is the president and general manager and largest stockholder. A consistent, intelli- gent but enthusiastic Republican from the or- ganization of the party, he was naturally chosen delegate to the constitutional convention of Wyoming territory and worked zealously for female suffrage, an independent supreme court and the irrigation scheme, all of which were in- corporated in the constitution. He was after- ward made a delegate to several other conven- tions and his forceful speeches for female suf- frage largely helped to win that cause in Wyoming. Notwithstanding his active and in- fluential service in the formation and growth of his county and state politically, having been a member of the first state board of control, assist- ing in its organization and in the formation of the rules which still govern its action and also took a leading part in the formation of the dis- tricts for La Barge and Fontenelle and for twenty-three years continuously was a member of the school board, yet he always refused of- fice. Through his influence the mail route for that section was established in 1879 an d his wife was appointed postmistress in 1895. He married in Clinton, 111., March 9, 1857, with Miss S. J. Lane, a daughter of John and Rebecca (Thompson) Lane, the father being a son of Tillman and Ritta Boone, a sister of the fa- mous pioneer and scout, Daniel Boone, all be- ing natives of Kentucky. Mrs. Holden's mother was a daughter of Roden and Elizabeth Thompson, born in Tennessee and of Colonial stock, originating from German and Irish an- cestors. Mr. Lane was a strong Abolitionist and the family has been noted for its strong political work in Kentucky. Mr. and Mrs. Holden have had ten children, five of whom are living. One son, Charles B., was mur- dered in 1 89 1 while acting as deputy sheriff, and Minnie F. was the first white child born on Fontenelle Creek. When the Judge began his life at Fontenelle his capital did not exceed $500, but a life of prudent foresight, unceasing activity and superior, judgment in financial mat- ters have brought him a large competency, and his keen mentality, farseeing wisdom and prac- tical attainments have been unselfishly used freely for the good of the people of his county and state, and have given him a position and an influence that can not be measured by dollars and cents, but which easily mark him as the most popular as well as one of the foremost representative men of the state, whom all citi- zens of Wyoming, irrespective of party, delight to honor. EMORY B. HUDSON. This experienced cattleraiser and rancher has resided eleven miles east of Fort Laramie since 1890 and is about as well and favorably known as any cattleman in the country. He was born in Washington county. Virginia, on January 8, i860, a son of Hiram and Nancy (Gobble) Hudson, whose ancestors located in the Old Dominion in Colonial days, the family being in each generation very prominent in the PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 237 state. The father of Emory B. was a teacher, which profession he followed until his death in 1861, when his remains were interred in Washington county, Va., while his widow sur- vived him until May 5, 1902, when she too passed away, her remains being deposited in Laramie county, Wyo., where she had made her home with her daughter, Mrs. Knott, for two years previous to her death. Emory B. Hudson lived until eighteen years old with his mother in Virginia, in the meantime acquiring an edu- cation. -On attaining this age he made a trip to Kansas and Nebraska, working in those states until the fall of 1879, when he changed the field of his operations to Colorado, there located near Fort Collins and went to work for Cross & Harris, dealers in and importers of horses. He left this employment in the spring of 1884 and took a position on a ranch near Cheyenne, for about eight months, then re- turned to Fort Collins, where he remained until March, 1886, most of the time running a ranch. In the spring of 1886 Mr. Hudson came to that part of Wyoming where he now resides and entered the employ of the Pratt & Ferris Cat- tle Co. on one of their ranches until the fall of that year, when he was appointed foreman of their two ranches on the Platte River, a posi- tion he held to their great satisfaction until the spring of 1899, when he came to his present ranch, eleven miles east of Fort Laramie, which he had taken up in 1890. He has 280 acres of land under irrigation, 475 head of cattle, fifty head of horses, and has just completed a fine cottage and is now well prepared to settle down to the enjoyment of the comforts of life, to which his long career of industry justly entitles him. Emory B. Hudson entered into the bonds of matrimony on February 14, 1879, in Wash- ington county, Va., with Miss Cynthia E. Gar- rett, a daughter of Samuel and Elizabeth (Pur- cell) Garrett, all natives of Virginia. This happy marriage has resulted in adding to the population of Wyoming seven interesting chil- dren, F. Ray, Clara M., Pearl F., Mabel L., Leslie R., Hazel and Lillian E. These children have all been well educated and reared to be use- ful members of society and a credit to the coun- try. Mrs. Hudson is a devout and useful mem- ber of the Christian Baptist church, being an active participant in its good works, and in politics Mr. Hudson is a staunch worker for the Democratic party, in which he has implicit faith. He is a public-spirited and patriotic citi- zen and an intelligent and enterprising ranch- man, well deserving the high esteem in which he is held. TOM O. JAY. A capital type of the adventurous and pro- gressive Englishman, whose operations in all parts of the world and in every field of human endeavor has met with conspicuous success and ever been for the promotion of civilization, Mr. Tom Ovingdon Jay, is now a representative young stockman of Islay, Wyoming. He was born on December 26, 1867, in London, Eng- land, a son of Tom S. and Elizabeth (Pawson) Jay, both descendants of ancient families of England. His father was for many years a prosperous furrier of London, but he has been for several years retired from active business\. as a gentleman of leisure passing his life at his home in Putney, a suburb of London. Always fond of fine horses, he is now the owner of a racing stable containing some of the finest ani- mals in England. He won the Liverpool Cup in 1 90 1, one of the great prizes of the English turf, and he has also won many other valuable trophies in this "sport of kings." The subject of this sketch grew to manhood in his native country and received his early education in the schools surrounding London, subsequently pur- suing a course of study at Lausanne, Switzer- land, where he remained for about two years. In 1883 he returned to London and shortly aft- erward took ship for New Zealand, where he intended to learn farming and stockraising and ultimately enter upon that business in that country, which he believes to be one of the most attractive in the world. After two years of New Zealand life he concluded to have a look at America, and took ship for San Francisco, Calif., arriving there in 1885, from there coming to 2 3 8 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. the city of Rawlins, Wyo., where he accepted a position on the horse ranch owned by Messrs. Carrington & Brooks, about seventy-five miles from Rawlins, in the year he there remained acquiring a practical knowledge of the horse- raising business. He then resigned this position and took employment on a large cattle ranch, situated on the Sweetwater River, where he rode the range as a cowboy, and in the two years he gave to his learning he became thoroughly familiar with the details of that busi- ness also. He then came to Laramie county, Wyo., and rode the range in that vicinity until the fall of 1889 when he took ship for London to visit his old friends and home. For three years he remained in Europe and during a portion of that time he was engaged in learning the silk business in the south of France. In 1892 he re- turned to Wyoming and again secured employ- ment on ranches and in the stock business until 1895, when he purchased a ranch on the head of the Main Chug and entered upon the business ot cattleraising. One year later he disposed of his ranch and stock, and for a year was engaged with financial success in buying and selling cattle and horses. In the fall of 1897 he dis- posed of his property in Wyoming and with his wife visited his parents in England. They passed their time in London and vicinity until the spring of 1898 and returned to Wyoming, where Mr. Jay again engaged in buying and selling horses and cattle until the spring of 1902, when he purchased the fine ranch property which is now his home, situated about twenty miles northwest of Cheyenne. This property, located on Pole Creek in Laramie county, is one of the best appointed and improved ranches in that sec- tion of the state, consisting of about 6,000 acres of land, with fine house, barns and buildings, having all modern improvements, and is entirely devoted to stock-raising. On April 15, 1895, Mr. Jay was united in marriage at the city of Cheyenne, Wyo., with Miss Minnie Mathews, a native of Wyoming and the daughter of Fran- cis and Rachel (Taylor) Mathews, nntivp*; of Missouri. Her parents removed from their na- tive state, Missouri, to the territory of Wyo- ming in 1873, and have since been meeting with marked success in ranching and cattleraising, and they are now residing in Granite Canyon. Mr. and Mrs. Jay are members of the Pro- testant Episcopal church and among the most respected residents of the community where they maintain their residence they are classed, while an atmosphere of generous hospitality ever surrounds their attractive home. PETER JENSEN. One of the contributions of the sterling land of Denmark to the productive forces of the United States and particularly of Uinta county, Wyoming, Peter Jensen is here doing most ex- cellent service in the grand work of developing the industrial resources of the land of his adop- tion, and with the assistance of his most capa- ble wife, whose intuitive knowledge of the prin- ciples underlying correct business transactions far exceeds that of many financial operators, he is engaged in stockraising, and under the espe- cial care of his gifted wife and with her shrewd manipulations, is rapidly forging forward to a distinctive place and prosperity. He was born in Denmark in June, 1855, the son of Jens and Mary A. Jensen. In 1867 the father, whose birthplace was Aalborg, Denmark, emigrated from his native land, making his destination as a faithful Mormon in the fair land of L T tah. After one year's residence here he went to Omaha, Neb., and for fifteen years there con- ducted a most prosperous mercantile busi'ness, amassing wealth and returning to* L T tah he made his home at Pleasant Grove, where at the age of seventy-five years he closed his eyes in death in 1880. The faithful wife, who was also a devoted adherent of the Church of the Latter Day Saints, now makes her home at Pleasant Grove, surrounded by loving friends and the devotion of her children. From his eighteenth year Peter Jensen has wrestled for himself with the opposing forces of life and has grown strong and athletic in the struggle in which he has been a 'winner. He was connected for a time with his father in Utah, and in Omaha he PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 2 39 was identified with the Republican Office Co. for nine years, being active, alert and dis- criminate in his methods and winning commen- dations for his ability. Returning to Utah he engaged in freighting, making Pleasant Grove his headquarters, continuing this until he went to Evanston in 1890 and transferred his ener- gies to the field of merchandising, in which he is now traveling with his wares on a defined circuit and reaping substantial rewards. He located a homestead claim of 160 acres of fer- tile land on Hams Fork, fourteen miles north of Kemmerer in 1898, and here he and his esti- mable wife are developing rapidly one of the commodious and substantial homes of the country. It was a fortunate day in Mr. Jen- sen's life that marked his marriage with Miss Christina (Hairup) Peterson, a daughter of Christian and Sarah Peterson. Christian Peter- son was born in Denmark in 1838, and after his death in 1884 his widow came to the United States and is now living at the age of sixty- five years at Bear Lake, Idaho. Mrs. Jensen's people in Denmark have for many generations been representative people, thrifty, honorable and industrious members of the community and of a deeply religious nature. Mr. and Mrs. Jensen have many friends and their pleasant home is a center of hospitality. HON. JOSEPH IREDALE. Holding worthy prestige among the public men of Wyoming, enjoying personal popularity locally and maintaining a representative posi- tion as a citizen, Hon. Joseph Iredale is a worthy representative of the younger genera- tion, whose talents and energies have so mate- rially affected the Great West by directing its material and industrial development. As an able and discreet legislator his name is asso- ciated with many important measures bearing upon the prosperity of Wyoming, and what he has accomplished is prophetic of a still greater career as a faithful public servant. He is a native of England, born in Flinnby, County Cumberland, in i860, where his parents, John and Matilda (Cooper) Iredale, were also born and reared. They are noticed at length on other pages of this volume. When quite young their son Joseph was brought to the United States' and much of his early life was passed in Stark county, Ohio. After receiving a good literary education he studied engineering, becoming proficient therein, and turned his knowledge to practical account, prosecuting his labors as. an engineer in various capacities for several years in Stark county, then coming to Wyoming and locating at Carbon. For two years he served as engineer for various parties at Carbon, then secured a position with the engineering depart- ment of the Union Pacific Railroad, with head- quarter at Rawlins. After one year with the road Mr. Iredale resigned his place and located at Rock Springs, where he has since been ac- tively engaged in his profession when not at- tending to his official duties as a member of the state legislature. He is a master of his calling and easily the peer of the most skillful men of his profession in the West. He has done much fine technical work in railroading, mining and other industries requiring very great proficiency and skill and his labors have ever been satisfac- tory. • He possesses rare mathematical ability and has never been contented to occupy a sec- ond place where profound knowledge and profes- sional efficiency are involved. Mr. Iredale early became interested in politics and shortly after locating at Rock Springs was recognized as a potent factor in local and state affairs. An un- compromising Republican, he soon became a leader of his party and had much to do in shap- ing its local course. In 1892 he was elected to represent Sweetwater county in the lower house of the General Assembly, serving two terms as a member of that body, taking active part in its deliberations and holding leading posi- tions on the most important committees. His course as a legislator proving satisfactory to his constituents, he was subsequently honored by being elected a member of the State Senate, in which he served during its fifth and sixth ses- sions, acquiring an added reputation there as an able and painstaking lawmaker. Deeply in- ' 240 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. terested in good government, he patriotically sought the enactment of laws most conducive to the general welfare, and his name is insep- arably connected with legislation for the great good of the state. In both branches of the as- sembly he was one of the Republican leaders, and his career there is an open book, in which the people find little to criticise and much to commend. He always subserved private inter- ests to the public good, was untiring in behalf of the people of his own section and ever mind- ful of the interests of the state. During its last session he was vice-president of the senate, in that capacity being frequently called upon to preside over the deliberations, in which duty he demonstrated an ability and dignity bespeak- ing a natural leadership of men. He is now a member of the Republican State Central Com- mittee, where his wise counsel and businesslike methods have been productive of successful re- sults in more than one hotly contested cam- paign. In local affairs he has long been a' force- ful factor, ever lending his influence to what- ever is calculated to advance the intellectual and moral interests of the community. For eight years he was the efficient chief of the Rock Springs' Fire Department, doing much to build up the department and enhance its ca- pability. Mr. Iredale has been twice married, first in 1881 with Miss Annie Ball of Ohio, who died in 1883 at the age of twenty-three years, leaving one child, Joseph C. Iredale. She was a daughter of Isaac and Kate (Cliff) Ball, na- tives of England, but for a number of years residents of Stark county, Ohio. In 1887 Mr. Iredale married his present wife, Agnes Patter- son, daughter of John L. and Ellen (Willey) Patterson, the father being a native of Scot- land and the mother of England. John L. Pat- terson came to America about 1866 and is now engaged in agricultural pursuits in Boone county, Iowa. The children of Mr. Iredale's sec- ond marriage union are Fulton C, Hazel A. and Lucille P. Iredale. Leading" an active, indus- trious life from his youth nearly every hour at Mr. Iredale's disposal has been diligently em- ployed. He early laid broad and deep a foun- dation of usefulness and his fidelity to every trust (and of trusts there have been many) brought its certain and substantial reward in friends, remunerative employment, responsible official station, material wealth and success. He is easily the peer of any of his fellows in all that constitutes true and virile manhood, and during his residence in Sweetwater county his name has been synonymous with every- thing honorable and upright in citizenship. He is truly a self-made man in the best sense of the term and too much credit can not be awarded him for the indomitable courage and unflagging perseverance with which he has won a conspicuous place among the leading men of his county and state. WILLIAM G. JOHNSON. Prominent in business, political and social ■ circles, and generally recognized as one of the leading citizens of the community. William G. Johnson of Lander, Fremont county, was born in Connecticut on October 4, 1861, the son of M. W. and Ellen (Raymond) Johnson, both descended from Colonial families prominent and influential in their section and both con- spicuous in the Revolution. The father's an- cestry belonged to the Rhode fsland colony and the mother was of Huguenot origin. Her parents were Milford and Abigail C. (Tracy) Raymond. From very early childhood William Johnson was left almost wholly to the care of strangers, for his mother died when he was less than two months old, and his father was a sea- captain engaged in the African trade. Soon after the birth of his son he lost his vessel by reason of the Civil War, and then gave up the sea and moved to Iowa, where he died in Jan- uary, 1890, leaving a widow and seven children of his second marriage. William Johnson was educated in the public schools of Connecticut and when he was sixteen years old began life for himself as a range rider in Colorado, for five years following this life of varying monotony and excitement in the Centennial State, in 1882 removing to Wyoming, and from PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 241 that time until 1891 he was a range rider in this state, sometimes herding his own and some- times other people's cattle. In 1891 he sold his interests and passed a few years in travel, then for five years managed his father's farm in Iowa, in 1899 returning to Wyoming and open- ing- a meat business at Lander in partnership with Peter P. Dickinson, and he has in addition to this an interest in cattle in the county. Theirs is the only mercantile enterprise of the kind in the town and it has a large and appreciative trade. But because there is' no competition its proprietors do not assume the right to draw on the indulgence of their customers. They are as conscientious and attentive in their business as if they had several rivals, being firmly con- vinced that this is not only their best policy but their duty towards those whom they serve. It is the probity of his character, as well as his pub- lic spirit and progressiveness, that has secured for Mr. Johnson a high place in the regards of his people and -induced them to seek his services in their behalf both as mayor of the city and county commissioner, places which he has filled with credit to himself and advantage to every interest in the community. Fraternally he is con- nected with the Masonic order, holding member- ship in Wyoming Lodge, No. 2, at Lander and in Garfield Chapter, No. 3, and Ivanhoe Com- mandery, No. 4, at Rawlins. In 1892, on Octo- ber 4, he married with Miss Emma M. Dickinson of Lander, a daughter of his partner in business, Peter P. Dickinson, and his wife Margaret (Heenan) (Burke) Dickinson. Five children have blessed their union, all of whom are living, Ellen A., Nicholas W., Burke, Raymond and Emma. Their pleasant home at Third and Canyon streets is one of the ornaments of the town and one of its centers of cordial and re- fined hospitality. DAVID J. JONES. One of the foremost citizens of Lander, whose beautiful residence at the corner of Main and Second streets is one of the archi- tectural triumphs of the town and a center of refined and gracious hospitality, is David J. Jones, a most successful cattleman, farmer and capitalist, whose business acumen, breadth of view and force of character have done much to develop the resources and promote the welfare of Wyoming. He is a native of Wales, born on February 13, 1840, the son of John and Elizabeth (Williams) Jones, also born and reared in Wales, where the father was a pros- perous farmer and where the mother died when she was about forty years of age. In 1855 the father emigrated with his family to the United States and settling in Ohio, there continued in in the vocation of the old patriarchs until his death in 1870 at the age of seventy-six. There were eight children in the family, all of whom are still living. David J., the third in the order of birth, received a primary education in the schools of Wales and when he came to America he began working for wages in Dayton, Ohio, for John W. Harris of that city, in 1861 coming west to Colorado,' having lost his earnings in disastrous mining ventures in 1862 he removed to Montana and began new mining operations on Grasshopper Creek, where Bannock now stands. Here he was successful and continued to work for four years then gave his attention for four more to the cattle business, when he went to the Black Hills and mined with success for a year, in the meantime retaining his cattle in Montana. In 1876 he passed four months in San Francisco, then returned to Montana and transferred his cattle to Wyoming, where he has remained and prospered ever since. He now owns about 600 acres of land, all meadow, some of- it very close to the town, and in addi- tion some fifty acres within its limits. On his ranch the staples are cattle and horses, graded Durhams being his favorite in cattle. In mat- ters affecting the advancement and improve- ment of the community he is deeply interested and applies to their proper management hi9 foresight and enterprise, omitting no effort on his part necessary to secure the best results in every way. He is a stockholder and director in the First National Bank of Lander and has been one of the most forceful elements in en- 242 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. larging its usefulness and multiplying its re- sources. On October 15, 1884, he was united in marriage with Miss Martha M. Boyd, a daughter of Thomas and Mary Boyd, natives Of Missouri. They have had three children, D. Eugene and Fannie M., twins (the latter of whom died at the age of seven), and Anna D. In his early days in the far West Mr. Jones had many thrilling adventures, encountering both savage Indians and unscrupulous road agents, and giving contenance and support to the movements of the Vigilantes in their efforts to subdue and punish, the lawless. At times he lost heavily in cattle from thefts by Indians, one year losing fully $7,000, but in every dan- ger and mishap he preserved a brave and cheer- ful spirit, and triumphed finally over every dis- aster. AMOS W. SMITH. One of the prominent citizens and progres- sive, enterprising stockmen of Uinta county, in the Bigpiney section, Amos W. Smith beholds the products of his intelligence and public spirit blooming and growing fruitful around him in the excellence of the industrial, educational and civic forces he has helped to put in motion, and the elevated tone of the social life he has aided in quickening into healthy and vigorous activity. Missouri is his native state, where his life be- gan on October 7, 1846. His parents, Samuel and Sarah (Groom) Smith, were natives of Ten- nessee and Kentucky respectively, but both de- scended from old Kentucky families who were among' the first settlers in that state. They set- tled in Missouri soon after their marriage, there engaged in farming and reared their family of five children, three of whom are yet living. Amos W. Smith received a common-school edu- cation in his native county, and when he was eighteen years old he left the paternal fireside and, journeying westward, found promising em- ployment in the mines and mining districts of Idaho and Nevada for eight years. At the end of that time he gave up mining and turned his attention to stockgrowing, in 1879 coming to Bigpiney as one of the first settlers in this now favored region, where he homesteaded the nucleus of his present ranch of 640 acres and at once be- gan to give it the appearance and accommoda- tions of a home for civilized man and he has steadily continued to improve it and add to its acreage since. He now owns in all about 2,800 acres of good hay and pasture land, and has made it, by judicious improvement and cultivation one of the finest ranches in this part of the state. He is extensively engaged in raising graded Here- ford cattle and superior breeds of horses, keeping his standard up to the requirements of an ex- panding market, which he has helped to create and make exacting. He is a gentleman of fine public spirit, seeing in the advance of the com- munity in which he lives one of the best contri- butions to the general weal, withholding from the service of his people no aid he can give in counsel or in active effort toward its progress. For five years after his arrival he served as post- master for the convenience of the people and has ever been at their command for any good he can do them. He was married in this county on September 15, 1885, to Miss Frances Griggs, a native of New York and daughter of Reuben and Asenath (Aikens) Griggs of that state, where the mother is still living, the father having died in 1892. STEPHEN A. D. KEISTER. The exigencies and the opportunities of life in the great Northwest of the United States be- get a great variety of actrvities. many of them frequently combined in the same person. In the case of Stephen A. D. Keister of Lander is found an apt illustration, he being prominent in the drug business, in insurance, in mining, in real-estate and in politics. He is a native of West Virginia, born at Huntington on March 28, 1865, a son of William J. and Lavina (Cobb) Keister. also natives of that now rich and grow- ing commonwealth, where both are still living and where the father is a prosperous farmer, merchant and stockman. He is a descendant of Dutch ancestors and the mother comes from old # V ^C^^r PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 243 Colonial families of Virginia and North Caro- lina. Of their ten children nine are living, of whom Stephen received a common school edu- cation in his native state and then attended an excellent academy at Point Pleasant. After leaving school he taught for two years while taking a special course of instruction at the completion of which he removed to Missouri and again engaged in teaching and in clerking in a drugstore, remaining there learning the drug business until 1890. After passing some time in business for himself, he sold out and came to Wyoming, locating at Lander, where he was employed as a clerk in the drugstore of James I. Patten until 1893. In that year he was appointed postmaster and held the position un- til 1897. At the conclusion of his term he bought one-half interest in the pharmacy of Harry P. Brower whom he soon after bought out, since when he has conducted the business alone, carrying a large and complete stock of superior drugs and a full line of attractive toilet articles, pure liquors and the wares us- ually found in a first-class drugstore. Mr. Keister is also diligently engaged in the life and fire insurance business and does considerable work in both branches, representing a number of the best companies. In addition to these ex- acting occupations he is the president of the Sweetwater Placer Mining Co., which controls seven miles of the Sweetwater River through the mining district. Moreover, he has some cattle and considerable country and city prop- erty to which he gives a personal attention. All matters of public interest engage his earnest and fruitful efforts, no man being more zealous in behalf of the advancement of his section of the state. In politics he is an ardent Democrat, and has rendered his party good service as a member of the county and state central commit- tees. In 1900 he was one of its nominees for the state legislature, and, although there was an adverse majority of 375 against his party, he was defeated by only twenty-eight votes. In fraternal relations he is an enthusiastic Free- mason, holding membership in the lodge, the chapter, the commandery and in that Masonic 15 club the Mystic Shrine. He is also a* Knight of Pythias, belonging to both the lodge and the Uniform Rank. In this order he is the grand chancellor of the state. He is also a valued and very useful member of Rock Springs Lodge of Elks. On July 12, 1893, he was married at Lan- der with Miss Pearl Simpson, a daughter of John P. and Maggie (Sullivan) Simpson, now resi- dents of Jackson, Uinta county, and both stand high in the leading social circles. WILLIAM T. KELLY. Among the essentially self-made men of Laramie county who have distinguished them- selves for their ability to master opposing con- ditions and wrest from fortune a creditable measure of success and an honorable name, is William T. Kelly, who as a soldier and a civil- ian has made records of which any man might well feel proud. He was born in the city of Baltimore, Maryland, on March 19, 1857, the son of Hugh and Susannah (Parson) Kelly, the father a native of Ireland and the mother of the United States. By occupation Hugh Kelly was a brickmaker, who worked at his trade for many years in Baltimore and there died on May 20, 1873. Mrs. Kelly still lives in Balti- more, dividing her time among her several chil- dren. The childhood and youthful years of William T. Kelly were passed in his native city and when quite young he began earning money at various kinds of labor, in the meantime at- tending school and acquiring a fair knowledge of the branches taught, but at the age of nine- teen left the home fireside in quest of his own fortune, and on January 17, 1877 he enlisted in Co. D, Seventh U. S. Infantry, and shortly thereafter accompanied his command to Camp Baker, Mont., later known as Fort Logan. In 1878 the regiment was transferred to Fort Snel- ling, Minn., and from there in 1879 to the upper Missouri, thence in the fall of 1879 returned to Fort Snelling, where it remained until 1880, and then was sent to the Bad Lands to guard the railroad during the trouble with the Sioux In- dians and it remained there until the fall of 244 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 1 88 1, when it marched to Fort Laramie, Wyo., where Mr. Kelly remained until the expiration of his period of enlistment, when he received his discharge on February 16, 1887. He saw much active service in the course of his military ex- perience, discharged his duties as became a brave and faithful soldier and left the army with the rank of sergeant. After receiving his dis- charge Mr. Kelly opened a general store at Fairbank, Wyo., was made postmaster at that place and he carried on business for about ten years with encouraging success, at the end of that time selling an interest to another party and retiring from active participation in the business. He was united in marriage with Miss Kate Tomaichel on May 17, 1886, the ceremony taking place at Fort Laramie. Mrs. Kelly was born in Illinois, the daughter of John A. To- maichel, who for eighteen years was hospital steward at Fort Laramie, himself and his fam- ily still living at that place. Mr. and Mrs. Kelly have a pleasant and attractive home in Fairbank, its brightness being heightened by five children, whose names are Corelia E., William T., John A., Lundia and Fred. No man stands today among his fellow citizens with a wider circle of warm and true friends than -does Wililam T. Kelly, for he is favorably known throughout this region as a gentleman of unimpeachable integrity and a high sense of honor, while his career in the service of his country is without a stain and nothing savoring in the slightest degree of disrepute has ever attached to his name as a civilian.' He is de- cidedly a man of the people, having their in- terests at heart and hesitating at no reasonable sacrifice to promote the material and moral welfare of the community in which he lives. Popular with all classes and enjoying the un- bounded confidence of those who know him best, it is proper to speak of Mr. Kelly as a fine example of the intelligent and progressive class of typical Americans, whose remarkable enterprise has done so much to transform the Great West and to develop its wonderful re- sources. JOHN A. KESSLER. One of the very earliest of the pioneers of the section of the country where he maintains his home, having settled there in 1878 and hav- ing been a resident of Wyoming for more than twenty-eight years, John A. Kessler, of Meri- den, Wyoming, was a pioneer of pioneers, for at the time he first came to the territory of Wyoming there were very few white settlers north of Cheyenne. The most of the country now occupied as a range for cattle, and now dotted here and there with the homes of pros- perous ranch and stockmen, was then a barren waste, over which the buffalo roamed at will in great herds of many thousands and the Indian pursued his wild vocation of the chase. He has had many thrilling experiences on the frontier, and it is interesting to hear him relate the his- tory of the days during which he has been an eyewitness of several of the most remarkable changes that have marked the development of the West. He has been an important factor in the bringing about of these changed conditions and contributed his full share in the great evolu- tion of his section from savagery and outlawry to its present advanced stage of civilization. Mr. Kessler is a native of Hawkins county, Ohio, born on January 9, 1846, the son of Felix and Christina Kessler, both natives of Germany, who upon coming to America, first settled in Ohio, where the}' followed the occupation of fanning, subsequently they removed their residence to Johnson county, Iowa, where they were among the earliest pioneers of that section of the state and developing a fine farm where the mother died in 1876, and the father lived until 1898, when he too passed away at the age of seventy-seven years, both being buried in Johnson j county, Iowa. John A. Kessler received his early academic training in the schools of Johnson countv and remained with his parents until he had attained the age of twenty-one years, then began life for himself and in 1867 he worked for wages as a farmhand, but in 1868, taking his small savings, he came to Chevenne. Wvomnig, PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 245 then on the extreme frontier and not finding anything satisfactory in employment he pushed on south and eventually reached the town of Big Thompson in the territory of Colorado, where he engaged in ranching for five years with varying success. In the spring of 1874, he concluded to return to Wyoming , and joon found himself in the vicinity of Horse Creek, Wyo., where he secured employment and win- tered with Mr. Frank Preguer, in the spring he worked on the cattle round-up between Horse Creek and Fort Robinson and for three years following he rode the range with various out- fits, thus acquiring a thorough and practical knowledge of the business in which he after- wards became interested. These were the ideal days of the cowboy in Wyoming, for great herds roamed at will over the ranges and no fence obstructed the movements of stockmen. Since then conditions have changed materially in the stock business in this section of the country, for large areas of land are now owned under patent from the United States and are carefully fenced to prevent intrusion from tres- passers. In the spring of 1878 Mr. Kessler took up his present ranch property on Bear Creek, about thirty-one miles east of Chugwater, and has since resided there, engaged in the cattle business. He has endured the hardships and shared in the good times incident to life on the extreme frontier and now has a fine ranch of 480 acres, with a fine adjacent range. Part of his land is under irrigation, and it makes an ex- cellent hay and stock farm. On November 7, 1888, Mr. Kessler was married at Fort Laramie, Wyo., to Miss Catherine Yoder, a native of Indiana, a daughter of Samuel and Barbara Yoder, both natives of that state. The parents of Mrs. Kessler, upon leaving Indiana, lived for some years in Iowa, in 1884 removing to Wyo- ming, where they settled at Goshen Hole and engaged in the cattle business, in which they continued until the father's death in September 1900. Since that time the mother has made her residence with Mr. and Mrs. Kessler. To this worthy pair two children have been born, A. Raymond, aged fifteen years, and Charles B., aged thirteen years. Mr. Kessler is counted one of the prosperous and successful stockmen of his section of the state. He is thoroughly posted on frontier life of the country where he resides and is one of the best informed men of the state on all matters connected with its early history. No one in the community is more highly esteemed and respected than Mr. and Mrs. Kessler. JAMES W. KIRKPATRICK. One of the most interesting and picturesque regions in northern Wyoming is that through which runs Prairie Dog Creek, formerly called Peno Creek by hunters and trappers. Nature has done much for it in wild and varied beauty, and this fact alone would make it interesting to the tourist, but man has also placed his stamp upon it and made it many times more interesting. History has wandered down the vale and tinged the water with human blood, for along its banks one tragic day ninety-six brave men under the gallant Fetterman fell fighting to redeem Wyoming from savage dominion, and though the battle and massacre marked somewhat the sunset of a dying race, the fate of those who perished in the awful tragedy was none the less sad and deplorable. Money has been ap- propriated by the government to mark the spot and commemorate their memory, and it will be a tribute also to their bravery, for more than 300 of their barbarous assailants under the renowned Sitting Bull fell in the engage- ment. Since then the hand of the husbandman has moulded the valley into prolific and syste- matic productiveness and it now blooms and glows with the broad harvests of cultivated in- dustry. In this fertile and highly favored region lives James W. Kirkpatrick on a ranch which he has redeemed from the wilderness and brought into service for man, strewing his pathway with its flowers and filling his table with its plenty. Mr. Kirkpatrick is a native of Clayton, Adams county, 111., where he was born on December 3, 1857. There his parents, James and Eliza- beth (Houskins) Kirkpatrick, settled in the 246 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. early fifties, having left their native Ohio for the frontier. And there they remained engaged in mercantile business until 1884, when they joined their son on a new frontier in what is now Sheridan county, Wyo., and took up a body of land on Prairie Dog Creek, sixteen miles southeast of the town of Sheridan, and lived together on it until 1901, when the mother passed away, her remains being interred at her old Illinois home; which the surviving husband visits every winter. He is still living on the ranch and is actively engaged in raising cattle. James W. Kirkpatrick was educated at Clay- ton, 111., and when he was seventeen years old he went to Kansas and lived one year with an uncle, then went into Texas and the Indian Territory and became interested in the stock business. In 1880 he came to Wyoming and settled on the ranch he now owns and which has been his home since that time. The coun- try was sparsely settled and his land was unsur- veyed, but the next year the government sur- vey was completed and he homesteaded a part of his present estate. His property lies eigh- teen miles southeast of Sheridan and is lo- cated along the historic stream already men- tioned. He was the fourth man to here locate and is now the oldest settler on the Prairie Dog, and the little log cabin which he built when he first came still occupies a prominent place on his ranch, although as a residence it has given way to a much more pretentious structure. Fort McKinley then furnished a ready market for all sorts of farm products and Mr. Kirkpatrick busied himself to secure va- riety as well as abundance in his crops. He sowed grain, paying seven cents a pound for the seed. His enterprise was rewarded with a yield which kept annually increasing in volume and rising in quality and his example was fol- lowed by others. He has since the early days, however, given his attention mainly to raising cattle, increasing his holdings of land to 1,400 acres, which he has under deed, having in ad- dition a large body under lease. Nearly all of his own land is well irrigated and yields ex- tensive crops of hay and as much grain as he cares to sow. The range is wide and the loca- tion favorable to the stock industry, supporting now under cultivation with generous supplies many more cattle than the number of wild ani- mals that once wandered over it and furnished very large quantities of excellent game. In politics Mr. Kirkpatrick is a Republican, warm- ly attached to the principles and policies of his party, but he is in no sense an office-seeker and has always refused to be a candidate, giv- ing his interest to public affairs for the benefit of his community rather than from personal ambition. He belongs to the Knights of Pyth- ias at Sheridan and takes an active part in the proceedings of his lodge. On September 8, 1886, at Clayton, 111., he was united in marriage with Miss Nora McMurray, born in that state, as were her parents, John H. and Anna G. (Murphy) McMurray. Her mother died in 1898 and her father in 1901. Her own domestic altar has been blessed and brightened with two children, Alta M., and Florence A., who still abide in the parental household. PAUL KIPPING. Among the younger ranchers and stock- men who have brought the cattle industry of Wyoming to a high state of development and made the excellence of its products favorably known throughout the stock markets of the country, none, is entitled to more credit for his years of experience, and none has expended his time to better advantage in building up this great industry and establishing himself se- curely in the esteem of his neighbors and as- sociates than Paul Kipping of near Boyd. Weston county. Wyo., whose ranch of 320 acres in South Timber, near Beaver Creek, is becoming a model of systematic development, skillful cultivation and tasteful improvement. creditable alike to the section in which he lives and to his thrift, industry and intelligence as a husbandman. He was born on March l6, 1872, at Cincinnati. Ohio, where his parents settled soon after their marriage, having left their na- tive Germany with high hopes for a successful PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 247 career in the New World. In the Ohio metrop- olis they lived and flourished and were rearing their young family with care and discretion, when in 1880 the father was lost by an un- timely death and laid to rest in the city he had learned to love as a home. Two years later his son Paul, when he was but ten years old, removed with his mother to Kansas City, and there completed the education he had begun in Ohio. After leaving school he continued to re- side at home, but learned and worked at the trade of a machinist, part of the time at Little Rock, Ark., until 1890, when he came to Wyoming with his mother and stepfather, who took up land on Salt Creek, where for three years he industriously assisted on the home farm, in 1893, when he was twenty-one years old, homesteading land adjoining his mother's, on which he lived and worked until his mar- riage in 1897, after that important event set- tling on the ranch he now occupies, which his wife had taken up before her marriage. This he has improved with an attractive cottage resi- dence, good barns and other outbuildings, and has gradually brought to a state of great fruit- fulness and fertility. Their land comprises 320 acres, agreeably diversified in surface and soil features, yielding good crops of grain and hay and furnishing excellent pasturage and range for their herds of superior and profitable cattle. On October 25, 1897, Mr. Kipping was united in marriage with Miss Mary L. Fawcett, a na- tive of Kansas and a daughter of Frank B. and Martha C. (Armstrong) Fawcett, and her father's sketch and the 'family history appear on other pages in this volume. Mrs. Kipping was born on the same day as her husband, and is his mate in diligence, energy and breadth of view, as she is his exact equal in age. She was educated in the schools of Kansas and at the Northwestern Normal School at Stanberry, Mo., being graduated from this institution with honors, after which she taught in the Wyoming schools near her father's home for a number of years. They have three children, Karl F., Kate E., Emily L. In politics Mr. Kipping is a Re- publican and, although not an active partisan, has shown such public spirit and capacity for local public affairs that a public career is open before him if he will consent to enter upon it. Young, energetic and knowing, with integrity and • force of character, acquaintance with men and a genial manner in dealing with them, he is just entering upon a life of usefulness and elevating citizenship that must bring honors to him and decided advantage to his county and state. JOHN D. C. KRIIGER. One of the progressive and successful busi- ness men of Saratoga is John D. C. Kriiger, the cashier of the State Bank of Saratoga, Wyo- ming. A native of Germany, he was born on November 1, 1868, the son of Henry F. and Doris (Block) Kriiger, both natives ■ of the Fatherland, where his father followed the occu- pation of carriage-making, having inherited the business from his father, and he continued in that pursuit until 1883, when he emigrated with his family to America, establishing his first American home at Clinton, Iowa. Here he established a carriage-making business, hav- ing received from the sale of his property in Germany about $10,000. Two years later he disposed of his business and removed to Omaha, Neb., where his health failed, and his condi- tion was such as to warn him to seek an occu- pation which would enable him to spend more of his time in the open air. He therefore re- mained only one year in Omaha, and then pur- chased a farm about seven miles west of that city, where he made his home and was occupied in farming and stockraising for a number of years. His health being considerably improved, his desire to give his children better facilities for acquiring an education than they could have on the farm induced him to return to Omaha, and he has since then made that city his permanent home. His family consists of six daughters and three sons. Two of the sons are engaged in a successful plumbing business in Omaha and the family is highly esteemed. During his younger days in Germany, the 248 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. father served for a time in the German army, and during the war with Denmark in 1846, was made a prisoner with many of his fellow soldiers by the Danes. They were finally released and his associates have always attributed their release and the fact that they were not shot, to his thorough familiarity with the Danish langauge and the earnest and eloquent manner in which he pleaded their cause with the Danish author- ities. John D. C. Kriiger grew to manhood in his native country, and there received his ele- mentary education. Upon coming to America in 1883, he visited his uncle, Ferdinand Block, who had served with distinguished gallantry as a non-commissioned officer in the Union army of the Civil War and was residing at Ida Grove, Iowa. This uncle was a representative farmer of that section of Iowa, and desired his nephew to make his home with him. Desiring however to engage in commercial pursuits, his thorough knowledge of the English and French languages, as well as his native German lan- guage, enabled him to secure a responsible posi- tion in the mercantile establishment of Lusk & Davis, then the leading merchants of Ida Grove. Here he remained for two and one- half years, and was held in high regard by his employers. At the end of that time he resigned that position for the purpose of accepting a more responsible one in the United States Na- tional Bank of Omaha, Neb. Here his promo- tion was steady and rapid, until he reached the position of first teller. He served in this posi- tion with marked ability and with satisfaction to his employers for about two years, when he resigned to engage in business with his brothers in their plumbing enterprise, which had grown to large proportions. He remained in this firm for two years, when he disposed of his interest and accepted a position with the great packing house of Armour & Co. at South Omaha. He continued there about one year and was offered and accepted his present position as cashier of the Saratoga State Bank, at Saratoga, Wyo. Coming here in 1899 he has since that time had charge of the business and management of this banking institution, and has carried on its af- fairs with great success, extending its opera- tions and largely increasing its deposits. He has established himself as one of the leading business men and one of the safest and most conservative bankers of that section of Wyo- ming, and is foremost in the advocacy of all measures which are calculated to build up the country or promote the welfare of all the peo- ple of the community where he maintains his home. In September, 1892, Mr. Kriiger was united in marriage at Omaha, to Miss Minnie Lehmann, the daughter of Henry Lehmann, one of the prominent business men of that city, who was one of the pioneers of Nebraska, first establishing his business in Omaha in 1868. To the union of ~Mr. and Mrs. Kriiger have been born two children, namely, Henry J. W. and Carl, of whom both are living. Their home is noted for the gracious and generous hospitality which is there dispensed, and the family is highly respected, especially for the many acts of charity to those less fortunate than themselves. Mr. Kriiger is one of the rising men of the state, des- tined to take a prominent part in the future pros- perity of the commonwealth. BENJAMIN F. A. KUENY, M. D. Dr. Benjamin F. A. Kueny of Dayton, Sheridan county, is a native of Sunny France, where he was born in December, 1842, the son of Francis A. and Anna Mary (Mathis) Ken- ney, also French by nativity, and descended from long lines of ancestry of 600 years in that country. When he was seven months old his parents came to the United States and located near Chicago, 111., but soon removed to Lock- port in the same state. There the Doctor was reared, educated and lived until 1861. On May 25, of that year he enlisted in defense of the Union in Mulligan's Brigade Later he enlisted in the Second Artillery under Captain Hartsuff in command of the noted General Custer. He served three full years in the Civil War and had arduous duty on the march and in the field, experiencing every form of military hardship and privation except wounds and imprisonment. PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING 249 being honorably discharged .on May 25, 1864 He then returned to Illinois and began the study of medicine. He studied, and after a time prac- ticed, until 1878, when he was graduated from the Hahnemann Medical College of Chicago, and after practicing a year in Illinois subse- quent to his graduation, he removed to Kan- sas and locating at Lenora was actively en- gaged there in practice until 1884. He then came to Wyoming and in Sheridan county took up a homestead, but continued to practice his profession. From 1887 to 1894 his base of operations was at Sheridan, and in the year last named he took up his residence at Dayton, where he has since resided and been in almost constant demand to administer to the sick and alleviate human suffering. His practice is large anH representative, while in professional circles he is much esteemed for the skill and knowl- edge he exhibits, and for the exalted standard he maintains of professional ethics. Exacting as his practice is, it does not prevent the Doc- tor from finding relief from its more serious claims and entertainment for another class of mental faculties in conducting a ranch and stock business, which his wife owns, and look- ing after his valuable town property. t In poli- tics he is an ardent Republican, having been twice elected county coroner of Sheridan county. While residing at Sheridan he was engaged in the drug business in connection with his pro- fessional duties, pharmacy always having had a strong attraction for him, and while thus oc- cupied he formulated and placed on the market the celebrated Kueny whisky cure, which has been found of great value as a specific and has a large sale. The Doctor was married at Lock- port, III, in 1864, with Miss Mary A. Wank, a native of France. They have had three chil- dren, Emma V., wife of Martin D. Shields of Santa Cruz, Calif. ; Charles J., who died on April 28, 1901, and Francis, now a ranger on the Wyoming Forest Reserve. Doctor Kueny's life has been one of toil and trial, but is also full of triumph, as that of any active physician must be. The literature of his profession has en- grossed his attention, but he has been a thoughtful and observant reader, not an omni-* verous one, and has carefully applied in his practice the suggestions found in his reading and study, eliminating with rare judgment and discrimination what appeared of little or no value. He is much esteemed as a wise and skill- ful practitioner, a useful citizen and an honora- ble, educated and cultured gentleman. ALBERT D. LANE. Albert D. Lane, the merchant, banker and stock grower now doing business at the Sho- shone Indian agency, located in Fremont county, Wyoming, was born at Sacketts Harbor, N. Y., on October 8, 1847, a son °^ Charles and Fran- ces (Hellier) Lane, natives of England who came to the United States about 1835. The father was a merchant and a prominent man in local affairs during a long and useful life and his family consisted of seven children, four of whom are living: Albert D. ; Henry J., a mer- chant at Sacketts Harbor, Charles E., a dealer in real-estate at Despatch, N. Y., and Anna M., also living at Despatch. Mr. Lane was educated at the public schools of his native town and at two good academies, one at Belleville and the other at Adams, N. Y. After leaving school he was engaged in business with his father for a short time, then came to Wyoming in 1873 and in company with Worden P. Noble, whose inter- esting career is recorded elsewhere in this vol- ume, passed four years in doing contract work for the government. In 1877 they came together to this valley and in 1880 started the store at the Shoshone agency which Mr. Lane now conducts with so much enterprise and success. Five years later they engaged in a similar enterprise at Lan- der and in 1890 established the bank there under the name of Noble, Lane & Noble, Fred Noble, a brother of Mr. Lane's other partner, being the third member of the firm, and Mr. Lane being the president. He is also interested in the Lane & Curtis Sheep Co., which owns several thousand sheep and carries on a flourishing business in this branch of the stock industry. All his busi- ness ventures have prospered, but his success is J 250 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 'the legitimate fruit of his energy, capacity and excellent judgment, and it has been achieved without the aid of adventitious circumstances or fortune's favors. He has neither inherited nor found, but has hewed out his opportunities and has been essentially the architect of his own for- tune. In commercial, social and political circles he is highly esteemed and has commanding in- fluence where he chooses to exert himself. When a young man he became a member of the Masonic order at Sacketts Harbor, N. Y., where he still holds his membership in both the Blue Lodge and the Royal Arch Chapter. There also he was married on June 23, 1869, with Miss Sarah J. Noble, a native of that place and a daughter of William and Jane A. (Payne) Noble, being a sister of his partners in the bank at Lander. They have one child, William Noble Lane, a ris- ing lawyer of Denver, Colo. This brief narrative of a useful life which has been one of the con- quering forces of the wilderness and one of the productive and directing elements of all the com- mercial, educational and social progress of this portion of the state, cannot even suggest in any commensurate manner the danger of life and property which in early days frequently menaced Mr. Lane, the privations that had to be endured, the strenuous efforts to keep the currents of business in motion often made necessary by un- usual difficulties and hard conditions, nor the indomitable spirit which triumphed over every obstacle and turned even seeming disaster to advantage. They are the inevitable concomitants of successful pioneer life to which this section of cur country is so accustomed in recital, if no longer in experience, that they awaken no more than a passing interest, but they are none the less heroic. JOHN F. LEWIS. A farmer in times of peace and a soldier in time of war, born and reared in the most pop- ulous and progressive section of the Mississippi Valley, and making his permanent home as a pioneer on the frontier of Wyoming, John F. Lewis, of Bighorn, for years a leading farmer and stockgrower of Sheridan county, and now conducting a thriving and far-reaching livery business at his home town, has seen many phases of American life and has exhibited adaptability and readiness in them all. He is a native of In- diana, where he was born in May, 1839, a son ' of William and Mary J. (Van Meter) Lewis of that state but natives respectively of Virginia and Kentucky. His grandfather, William Lewis, was a descendant of parents who came from Wales to Virginia, and he became an extensive planter and slaveholder there and there died after a long life of usefulness. John F. Lewis began his education in the public schools of his native state and finished it in those of Iowa, whither his family moved when he was fourteen years old. When the Civil War broke out he enlisted in 1861 with the state troops of Iowa, in 1862 re- enlisting and becoming a member of Co. F., Twenty-ninth Iowa Regiment, in which he served until June 22, 1865, when he was honor- ably discharged, having seen hard service in the field and still harder as a prisoner for ten months at Camden, Ark., and at Tyler, Tex. After his discharge he returned to Iowa and was there oc- cupied in farming until 1883 when lie came to Wyoming and followed the same pursuit in con- nection with stockraising, for five years being in charge of the Government experiment station at . Sheridan. He has ever taken active and unflag- ging interest in local affairs and has represented his party from time to time in its county and state conventions, being a member of the state convention which nominated a woman for state superintendent of public instruction, the first wo- man elected to a state office in the United States. In 1901 he retired from his farm and moved to Bighorn where he has since been engaged in a livery business which is one of the most extensive and representative in this part of the state. This occupies his time and his faculties as much as he wishes, leaving him some opportunity to en- joy the pleasures of his beautiful home in the town and the society of his friends, whom he numbers in hosts. For many years he has been a devoted Freemason, standing high in the es- teem of the fraternity. He was married at Bed- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 251 ford, Iowa, in 1861, to Miss Almira Gardner, a native of Ohio and a daughter of John and Lois (Webster) Gardner, who were born and reared in New York. The Lewises have two children, L. F., living at Basin City and W. R. Lewis. Mr. Lewis is an elder brother of Joseph H. Lewis, whose biography appears on another page of this volume. Both are creditable to the state of their nativity and serviceable as well as cred- itable to that of their present residence, present- ing upright citizenship and commendable enter- prise. JOHN LOUGHRAN. John Loughran, the gentleman whose name heads this article, is one of Laramie county's en- terprising stockmen, owning a well-improved ranch on the Platte River about eleven miles east of Fort Laramie, where he has been engaged in the cattle industry since 1885, being a native of Ireland and the son of Michael and Catherine (Slane) Loughran, both of whom were born and reared in the Emerald Isle, and the mother sleep- ing her last long sleep in the old ancestral burial ground in County Tyrone. Michael Loughran was a well-to-do farmer and land owner of that county and a man of considerable prominence. Possessed of much more than ordinary intelli- gence and judgment, he became an adviser among his friends and neighbors in matters of business, in no small degree being a molder of public opinion. In 1864 he came to the United States and engaged in mining near Wilkesbarre, Pa., leaving his family in Ireland until he could provide a comfortable home for them on this side .of the water. After passing eight years in suc- cessful mining operations in Pennsylvania he re- turned to Ireland and brought his family to Wilkesbarre, where he continued his work until 1 88 1, when he disposed of his interests there and moved to Denver, Colo., thereafter carrying on mining at Leadville and vicinity and he was thus engaged when his death occurred on May 8, 1884. He was buried at Leadville. His wife died on November 5, 1895, while on a visit to the land of her birth and, as already stated, rests beneath the green turf of the beautiful island which she loved so well. John Loughran was born in County Tyrone, Ireland, on May 19, 1859, and received bis educational training in the schools of his na- tive place and at Wilkesbarre, Pa. When old enough to do manual labor he began working with his father in the mines and remained with him until twenty years old, when he started in quest of his own fortune, meantime accompany- ing the family to Colorado. After working for some months in a commission-house at Denver, he went to Leadville, near which place he was engaged in mining until his father's death in 1884. He came to Wyoming in 1865 and took up bis present ranch in Laramie county, and since that time he has been largely interested in cattle- raising, meeting with encouraging success in this important and rapidly growing industry. Mr. Loughran's ranch lies in a beautiful section of country, and it is all irrigable, the greater part being susceptible of tillage. He has improved his place in various ways, has a comfortable home, in which he takes great pride, as well as in his lucrative business, which returns him a liberal . income. He is a man of progressive ideas and broad views, easily the peer of the leading ranch- ers of the district in which he lives. His success as a stockraiser has been commensurate with the energy he has displayed since engaging in the business, and to him as much as to any other man is due the credit of giving an impetus to the in- dustry in this section of the state. Mr. Loughran has never married. He was reared in the Cath- olic faith and remains true to the teachings of the church. In politics he is a Democrat and while active in his work for the party has no aspirations for office or public distinction. BENJAMIN FRANKLIN LOWE. It was a race of heroes that redeemed the wilderness of the Great West from ferocious savages and made it fruitful and fragrant with the products of civilization, that founded fam- ilies, that created mighty commonwealths, estab- lished politics, started great cities and set in mo- tion all the currents of commercial, industrial, 252 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. moral, social and educational life. High on the roll of this heroic army should be placed the honored name which heads this review of a ca- reer at once interesting and inspiring, a patriot- ism that is pure and purifying, a citizenship that is elevated and elevating. Benjamin Franklin L.owe, the present county assessor of Fremont county, Wyoming, one of the best known men in the whole Rocky Mountain region, was born in Crawford county, Indiana, on June 28, 1840, and nine years later accompanied his parents, Benjamin W. and Mahala (Cotton) Lowe, from that state to Iowa. His father was a native of Pennsylvania and his mother of Tennessee. Aft- er a residence of five years in Iowa they removed to near Kansas City, Mo., and there remained during the troublous times incident to the set- tlement of -Kansas. When a reasonable degree of peace and security had been reached along the border, they took up their residence at Tecum- seh in Shawnee county, Kansas, and there lived in comparative peace and comfort until the end of their lives. Their son, Benjamin, was active in the development of the section and took an active part in the conflicts that arose from time to time, being ever diligent and energetic, in the intervals of school attendance turning his hands to any kind of useful labor. He helped to make the brick used in building the court-house at Te- cumseh, they being molded . and burnt in the midst of almost daily contests between the rival factions that were struggling for the mastery, and as the messenger of one side he was fre- quently exposed to critical danger. In 1858 he took charge of a wagon train carrying supplies for General Johnston, who had been ordered to Utah to settle the difficulties between the U. S. Government and the Mormons, and remained in the farther West, beginning his career there as a trader with the Indians near the site of South Pass City, Fremont county, and continued this business until 1861. The country was alive with the friendly Shoshones, Blackfeet and Bannocks, and with the hostile Cheyennes, Sioux and Ara- pahoes. Mr. Lowe acted as scout for a consid- erable part of the time, making firm friends of the Indians on both sides, especially of that In- dian Nestor of the region, Washakie, with whom he had a lasting and serviceable friendship until the death of the old chief in 1900. He witnessed many a bloody conflict between the tribes and recalls with more than usual interest the Burned Ranch Fight, which lasted all day. It was a com- bined attack on the Shoshones by the Sioux, Cheyennes and Arapahoes, and in the battle the Sioux were almost annihilated. Although it was won by the Shoshones, it cost them many a braye, including their war-chief, a son of Washakie. In 1862, on August 10, while at Fort Hall, Idaho, on his way to Montana, a messenger reported that a train of gold-seekers from Colorado and the East had been attacked near the head of the Port Neuf and Ross Fork Rivers by some 400 West Shoshone and Bannock Indians. With 120 men from the fort and vicinity Mr. Lowe proceeded to the scene of the attack and on their approach the Indians withdrew. Eleven graves of white men still show where the fight took place and a large number of Indians were killed. The train was escorted to Fort Hall safely. Immed- iately afterwards Mr. Lowe went to Salt Lake City, being four days on the road alone and pass- ing through these very Indians without trouble of any kind, which angered the Mormons, as they had often suffered at the hands of the same sav- ages. At Salt Lake City Governor Hardin in- formed him of the near approach of General Connor with his California volunteers. The Gen- eral wintered at Fort Bridger and early in the spring started with 105 teams under command of Hugh O'Neill, Mr. Lowe acting as guide, for Bannock, Mont., the discovery of whose immense gold deposits had electrified the world a few months previously. They reached this new El- dorado on April 25, 1863, and there Mr. Lowe found fortune's favor awaiting him. He mined with success and finding the means of communi- cation with the outside world very limited, he established a pony express between Bannock and Fort Bridger, a distance of 400 miles, but carried only letters and valuable packages. The venture was profitable but full of danger. The Indians were hostile and eager for gain and the road agents, who were keen-scented for the fruits of PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 253 other men's toil, were on the lookout for every chance to rob a rich consignment and held human life as cheap as those of deer. At Soda Springs, in partnership with Harry Richard from Camp Douglas representing General Connor, and Bill Hickman, the noted Danite chief and outlaw, Mr. Lowe established the Eagle Rock ferry on Snake River in the place afterwards known as Tay- lor's Bridge, and now Idaho Falls, which was a great financial success, the receipts often reach- ing $1,000 a day from the toll received from the immense number of emigrants, gold-seekers and freighters crossing Snake River. While he was at Fort Bridger he took part in the fight on Bear River, near Franklin, Utah, between the troops under General Connor and the Western Shos- hones and Bannocks under the gallant and crafty Pocatello, where 400 of the Indians were killed in righteous retribution for the fight they had provoked and begun. In the fall of 1863, the pony express was abandoned, the discovery of gold in Alder Gulch, Mont., having turned the tide of travel thither and a stage-coach line estab- lished. Thereafter Mr. Lowe gave his attention to the ferry and his mining claims at Bannock and Virginia City, Mont., until September, 1864, when he sold the ferry and removed to Deer Lodge, Mont., the activity of the "Vigilantes" in executing Henry Plummer and nearly fifty of his associate road-agents and outlaws having made life in that territory reasonably secure for law abiding citizens. Three years were passed in trading with- the Indians at Fort Bridger and elsewhere, a portion of the time Mr. Lowe being in the employ of Ecoffe & Cuney, extensive con- tractors and Indian traders, and after the cele- brated massacre at Fort Phil Kearney he went to Kansas City on a visit to his former home, re- turning a few months later and resuming busi- ness at the old ranch, five miles east of Laramie, where he remained until the whole outfit was burned in July by U. S. troops, causing a loss of about $60,000 to Ecoffe & Cuney. After this he went to Denver en route to Julesburg, at that time the western terminus of the Union Pacific Rail- road. As they passed the site of Cheyenne the surveyors were laying out the town and one of the surveying party was killed by the Indians. From Denver he was conveyed by stage to Jules- burg, then the only means of travel, and the route was full of difficulty and danger. Wells, Fargo ; & Co. ran three coaches out together, the hostil- ity of the Indians making it necessary to use every available precaution. The route had been robbed of horses and it was therefore necessary to run all the teams through without change. The coaches were held at either terminus until a full complement of passengers was secured and then proceeded in V shape, like the flight of wild geese, for additional safety. Mr. Lowe's party consisted of thirty-six passengers and ten em- ployes, drivers, messengers and .guards. They met the Smoky Hill coaches which were riddled with bullets and had some of their horses shot; but Mr. Lowe's party passed through without mishap, only to find at Julesburg a worse con- dition, for the roughs of the town were "on a rampage" and "shooting wild." The town was then wholly a canvas city and the coaches af- forded the best protection against stray bullets and the passengers remained in them. Omaha at the time of his visit was a typical western town, dance houses and gambling dens being open all the time and every form of dissipation in full vigor. Mr. Lowe remained there a short time trying to get some satisfaction for his em- ployers from the government authorities for the loss of their property near Cheyenne, but not seeing much prospect of success he returned hop- ing to recoup for his own losses, which amounted to about $8,000. He then entered the employ of the Northern Pacific Railroad where he remained until the Bear River riot, when he went with Mr. Decker to Pueblo, Colo., and bought cattle to bring to Wyoming. But not being able to get horses with which to drive them he sold out in the spring and came to South Pass to engage in mining. Water for the purpose not being avail- able he located a hay ranch nearby on Pine Creek. Indian outbreaks were yet very numerous and in the spring of 1870 Camp Stanbaugh was es- tablished for the better protection of the miners of South Pass, Atlantic City, Miners' Delight and the surrounding ranchers. On account of 254 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. the outbreaks Mr. Lowe abandoned his ranch on Pine Creek in 1870, and took charge of a lumber business at Atlantic City for a Mr. Hinnman, a government contractor who furnished the lum- ber for Fort Stanbaugh. In September, 1872, he was one of the persons who negotiated the Brunot Indian treaty, going to Utah and bring- ing the Shoshone Indian village to Fort Wash- akie for this purpose. Congress was three years in ratifying the treaty and the rights of the white settlers on the south side of the Shoshone reser- vation and in Lander valley were not definitely fixed until the end of that time. In the fall of 1874 Mr. Lowe located on what was still Indian land and during the next three or four years out- breaks were frequent and life was very uncertain. In the spring of 1875 a postoffice was established at this point, and Ms. Lowe suggested that it be named Lander, in honor of General Lander, an army officer greatly favored by the Indians. Two years later, when the government survey was made, Mr. Lowe filed on a portion of the land on which the town stands, organized the Lander Townsite Co., became president of the or- ganization, a position which he still holds, and began to sell lots from a part of the town which he had made in accordance with some of the streets already laid out and buildings already erected. In 1877 he was elected to the legislature and in 1884 was a member of the commission ap- pointed to organize the new county of Fremont, becoming the first sheriff of the new political di- vision by election on April 22, 1884. H. C. Nick- erson was elected county treasurer, J. A. Mc- Avoy, county clerk, A. H. Bright, county attor- ney, J. W. O'Neill, county assessor, and Messrs. Hall, Blim andMcDonald, county commissioners. In 1897 he was again a member of the legislature and in 1900 was elected county assessor, having filled the office during the two previous years by ■ appointment. On February 18, 1867, at Kansas City, Mo., Mr. Lowe was united in marriage with Miss Sarah A. Wright, a native of New York, who died in Denver, Colo., on February 13, 1897. On October 4 next ensuing, at the Shos- hone Agency he contracted a second marriage, his choice on this occasion being Mrs. Laura F. Cleveland, of Chicago. They have an adopted daughter, now Mrs. Nora.E. Walter, wife of Daniel S. Walter, of Pratte, North Dakota. JACOB LUND. A substantial business man and stockowner of Swedish birth, whose residence is situated about twenty-six miles southwest of Laramie City, Wyoming, is the subject of this sketch, Ja- cob Lund, of Wood Siding, in Albany county. Born in Sweden in the year 1843, ne i s the son of Lawrence and Catherina (Burie) Lund, both natives of Sweden. His father followed the oc- cupation of farming in his native country and passed away in 1896, at the age of seventy years. The mother passed all of her life in Sweden, her decease occurring in 1894, at the age of about seventy years. She was the mother of three chil- dren, of whom the subject of this sketch is the only one surviving. He grew to man's estate in his native land and received his early educa- tion in the public schools there. His opportun- ities in his younger days for acquiring an edu- cation were somewhat limited, but he improved them to the best advantage and laid the foun- dation for an intelligent business career in the vears to come. In 1861, when he had attained to the age of eighteen years, he was compelled by circumstances to leave school in order to make his own way in the world and secured em- ployment as a sailor. He remained in this pur- suit for a period of about fourteen years, and during that time he had a varied experience and saw many portions of the world. Returning again to his native country in 1873 ^ or a visit he determined to seek his fortune in the New World beyond the sea and. leaving the home of his cbildhood and early manhood, he came to Amer- ica. Here he located first in Michigan and en- gaged his services as a sailor on the Great Lakes. He remained in this employment for a period of about three years, when he disposed of his prop- erty in Michigan and removed his residence to the then territory of Wyoming, locating at the city of Laramie. Here he engaged in mining and railroading, and continued to be thus employed PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 255 for about seven years. He then purchased his present ranch property and settled down to the business of cattleraising, in which he has since then been continuously engaged. He has met with satisfactory .success and is now the owner of a fine ranch, consisting of about 1,000 acres of land, well improved, with a large herd of cattle, which is constantly being increased from year to year. By industry, perseverance and careful attention to business, he has built up a fine prop- erty and he is one of the prosperous business men of this section of the county. In 1881, at Lar- amie, Wyo., Mr. Lund was joined in wedlock with Miss Lena Peterson, a native of Sweden and a daughter of Jess and Elizabeth Peterson, well- known and respected residents of that country. To their union two children have been born, Ef- fie and Elva, both of whom are residing at home with their parents. Politically, Mr. Lund is a stanch member of the Republican party, and takes an active interest in all public affairs, al- though never a candidate for any official position. He is one of the highly respected citizens of Albany county. JAMES A. McAVOY. Through a variety of occupations, adventures, and the study of human nature in a number of longitudes, sustaining himself in all circum- stances by the force of his character and the re- sourcefulness of his self-reliant nature, James A. McAvoy has come to the estate of comfortable prosperity in worldly affairs and esteem in the hearts of his fellows which he now enjoys. He was born at Cambridge, Ohio, on January 17, 1842, a son of Daniel and Mary (Noble) Mc- Avoy. His father, of Scotch-Irish ancestry, was a pioneer farmer and freighter between Ohio and Baltimore, Md., before any railroad had crossed the virgin soil of Ohio and had a consequence and prosperity commensurate with his position as a leading common carrier of that day. His wife, nee Mary Noble, was a daughter of Rev. Thomas Noble, an esteemed minister of the Methodist Episcopal church stationed at Cam- bridge. They were the parents of twelve chil- dren, James being the eldest and of whom eleven are still living. He was educated in the public schools of Ohio and at the Wesleyan University at Washington, Iowa, leaving school at the be- ginning of the Civil War to take charge of a farm belonging to a friend who had enlisted in the Union army, and conducting this until the close of the war. He then taught school for a number of years in eastern Iowa, going from there to Kentucky and teaching there also for a short time, while following that he traveled as a salesman through New England for a year and then joined Barnum's circus, traveling with that outfit as a vaulter and tumbler for a season. In 1868 he came west, and stopping at Cheyenne secured employment in the office of the Case- ment Brothers, who had a contract for the track at Logan, for the Union Pacific Railroad then in progress. He remained in this employment until the road was completed and in 1869 came to South Pass City, Wyo., and engaged in min- ing for two years. From there he removed to the Wind River Valley, assisting in the con- struction of the Shoshone Indian Agency, set- ting up the first steam-engine run in the valley and sawing the lumber for all the buildings in the agency. Next he engaged in freighting from Fort Stanbaugh to various places, in 1873 located on Willow Creek and farrhed for three years, raising one good crop, the next two being de- stroyed by grasshoppers. Discouraged by this misfortune, he abandoned farming and put up the first sawmill of his neighborhood and carried on a flourishing business with it for a few years. He then sold out and again followed freighting un- til 1884, when, upon the organization of Fremont county he was elected county clerk, filling the office until 1895, six successive terms. During the next two years he was engaged in prospect- ing on Green and Snake Rivers, and in 1897 was appointed postmaster at Lander, an office which he has held continuously since that time. He was with the expedition that captured Reverend Coolidge, who was sent east to be educated and is now the Indian minister at the agency. Mr. McAvoy was a charter member and one of the organizers of Fremont Lodge, No. 11, I. O. 256 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. O. F., and has given active service to it in many ways, being also affiliated with the Daughters of Rebekah and the Knights of Pythias. From 1894 to 1897 he was a member of the Board of Trustees of the University of Wyoming and a member of and the secretary of its finance com- mittee. He owns a valuable tract of land ad- joining the city on which he resides and has ex- tensive oil lands adjoining the Bonanza and the old Murphy property, both good producers, hold- ing a patent on the Diana gold mine at Atlantic City in Fremont county, and a controlling in- terest in the stock of the Sweet Grass Placer Min- ing Company. b. McCaffrey. One of the leading and most progressive busi- ness men of Wyoming, one who has done much to develop the great resources of the state, B. McCaffrey, of Encampment, Wyoming, is a na- tive of the Dominion of Canada, and was born in the city of Belleville, on March 18, 1844, the son of Edward and 'Mary (Doyle) McCaffrey, natives of Ireland. His father left the land of his nativity in 1840, coming to County Hastings, in the Province of Ontario, Canada. Establish- ing his home at Belleville, he engaged in the man- ufacture of lumber, in which he met with a reas- onable success. He was a man of marked abil- ity and energy and was a representative busi- ' ness man of that section of the country. Of a family of eight children, all now living, the sub- ject of this sketch was the youngest. He grew to manhood in his native city and received his education in her public schools. When he had completed his school life, he served an ap- prenticeship at the trade of manufacturing leath- er. He continued in this business for some time and became manager of the leather manufactur- ing establishment of Grant & Perkins at Galena, and of the Lapham & Waterbury factory in the city of Kalamazoo, Mich. In 1870 he resigned this position for the purpose of going into busi- ness for himself as a manufacturer of agricultu- ral implements and remained in that pursuit for seven years. At the end of that time he closed out his manufacturing business, engaged in the general merchandise business in the southwestern portion of Kansas, in which he continued for about some four years. Owing to the severe drouths prevailing throughout that section of the state this business was not a success, and dispos- ing of his property in Kansas, he removed to the territory of Utah, where he located in the city of Ogden, and there formed a partnership asso- ciation with Hon. Willis George Emerson, which has continued to the present writing. They were largely interested in real-estate at Ogden, and that section of country, and continued operations there for about one year, then acquiring large interests in the vicinity of Idaho Falls, Idaho, and removed their main office to that place. Here they were the organizers and promoters of the great irrigation system of the Snake River val- ley, the principal canals of which were the Great Western and the Idaho Falls Canal. The first named represented an investment of $750,- 000 and is over 10b miles in length, irrigating a vast area of land, being of enormous benefit to that section of the country. The Idaho Falls Ca- nal is about eight}" miles in length, and also sup- plies a great extent of country. Their operations in real-estate, both in city and country property were at this time very extensive, and they were very successful and are still large holders of property in that section. Subsequently, they re- moved their main office to Chicago, 111., where they established their headquarters for about seven years. During this time, they were largely interested in real-estate operations and were promoters of emigration and colonization in the western country. From their offices in the Cham- ber of Commerce Block, Chicago, they conducted a very extensive and profitable business for many years. During the gold excitement in the Crip- ple Creek district in Colorado, they removed their headquarters to Colorado Springs and acquired large interests at Cripple Creek and vicinity. Thev remained here about one year and removed to Denver, still continuing in the same line of business. While here, their attention was called by Mr. E. L. Lomax. general passenger and ticket agent of the Union Pacific Railroad, to the PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 257 advantages offered at Grand Encampment, Wyo., and they opened a branch office at that place where they acquired large interests, becoming the owners of the townsite and of large tracts of land in the vicinity. They maintained their office at Denver, until February, 1902, when they disposed of their interests in that city, removing their main office to Grand Encampment, where they have since been making their headquarters. In con- nection with their real-estate ana tuwnsfte opera- tions, they have also organized a smelting, power and light company which was suDseqitently turned over to C. E. Knapp, of Chicago. They incor- porated the Ferris-Haggarty Copper Mining Co., and the aerial tramway which is to trans- port the ores sixteen miles from these mines to the smelters. The firm at present has the con- tract for transporting these ores, the capacity of the tramway will be about goo tons per day, and succeeded in buying the F. H. mine in August, 1902, for $1,000,000. They were also the or- ganizers of the city Avater-works company, and have been very active in promoting every in- dustry calculated to benefit the community in which the}- - maintain their headquarters. They . are largely interested in the Encampment Smelt- ing Co., a capacity of 500 tons per day, and in the Electric Light Co.. Power Co. and Trans- portation Co., and their operations have not only been remunerative to themselves, but of vast im- portance to this section of the state. On January 17, 1867, Mr. McCaffrey was united in marriage with Miss Florence Vane Hunt, a native of Ohio, daughter of prominent residents of that state. The marriage took place in Galena, 111., when Mr. McCaffrey was engaged in business in that city. To this union has been born one child, Anna E., now Mrs. C. M. Hanna, who re- sides at East St. Louis, 111., where her husband . is a member of the National Stockyards Asso- ciation and is one of the leading business men of the city. Fraternally, Mr. McCaffrey is affili- ated with the Masonic fraternity and takes an active interest in the social life of the community. He has steadily declined to become a candidate for any position of trust or honor in the gift of his party, although he has been often solicited by his party friends and associates to permit the use of his name for that purpose. He has pre- ferred to devote his entire time and energy to the care and management of his extensive busi- ness interests and the development of the great resources of the Great West. Public spirited, progressive, always foremost in the advocacy of every movement to advance the industrial life of the state, he is one of the leading citizens of Wyoming. donald Mcdonald. A native of Argyleshire, Scotland, born on August 26, 1844, Donald McDonald, now of Diamond, AVyoming, is the son of Donald and Margaret (Campbell) McDonald, also na- tives of Scotland. His father was a tailor who followed that occupation in Argyleshire until his death, which occurred in 1865. The mother passed away in 1873 and both lie buried in Ar- gyleshire, where their busy lives were passed. Their son, Donald, grew to manhood amid the rugged surroundings of his native Scotland, early being taught by his parents the virtues of industry, thrift and economy. The family was poor and almost from childhood was he com- pelled to contribute by his labor to the assistance of the family. This was a training which, al- though severe, was of great value to him in after life. It taught him as no school could have done, the dignity of honest labor and its supreme im- portance as the most powerful factor in the de- velopment of the man. His people were types of those hardy sons of Scotland, who wherever they have established themselves have never failed to impress upon the community a high character for integrity, loyalty of purpose and an indomitable determination never yielding to defeat. Mr. McDonald received his early educa- tion in the schools of Argyleshire and remained there until he bad attained the age of twenty- five years, during most of this time being en- gaged in farming. Hearing many tales told by the firesides of Scotland of the New World over the sea, he resolved to go there in the pursuit of the fortune which severe conditions seemed to 2 5 8 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. deny him in his native land. Therefore in 1869 he took ship for Canada, arriving in the Prov- ince of Ontario later in that year. Here he worked for about seven years as a farmhand, doing a little farming on his own account, but not meeting great success. His habits of fru- gality, however, stood him in good stead and he was enabled to save a considerable sum out of his earnings. In 1876 he concluded to go west in the hope of bettering his conditions and came to Laramie Plains, Wyoming. Here he secured employment on sheep ranches for five years, in January, 1881, leaving his employment at Lara- mie Plains and in February taking up his present ranch on the Chugwater, fifty-five miles north of Cheyenne. Here he began the business of cat- tleraising in which he is still engaged. His be- ginnings were humble. With the money he had saved through long years of labor and rigid economy he purchased a few head of stock, which he has slowly but surely added to from year to year, until now he is one of the most prosperous and successful ranchmen of his section of the state. He is a type of the hard-working, sober- minded, earnest and deserving men to whose ef- forts is mainly due the rapid development of the west. On his home ranch he has a fine two-story stone residence, with all modern conveniences, with about 3000 acres of patented land, well fenced, with many thousands of acres of adja- cent range for his stock. Over 300 acres of his place are in alfalfa, and each year he cuts im- mense quantities of hay, the greater portion of which is consumed on his ranch by his own cat- tle, sheep and horses. n January 13, 1882, at the city of Cheyenne, Wyo., Mr. McDonald mar- ried with Miss Jane Cameron, a native of the Dominion of Canada and a daughter of Duncan and Mary (Black) Cameron, natives of Argyle, Scotland. ' Her parents emigrated from Scotland in 1846 and settled in Ontario, Canada, there following the occupation of farming and stock- raising, in which they continued until their death. The father died in 1865 and the mother in 1892, and both lie buried near the old family home in Ontario. Mr. and Mrs. McDonald have four cbildren, Robert Daniel, Hugh, Maggie J. and Duncan N., all are living, and residing with their parents. Mr. McDonald is a member of the Masonic order, being affiliated with the lodge at Wheatland, Wyo., and politically, he is identi- fied with the Republican party. He has often been solicited to accept political honors at the hands of his fellow citizens, but has invariably declined to do so, preferring to devote his entire time to the supervision arid management of his private business, which has, grown to such pro- portions and is so extensive as to make very ex- acting demands upon his attention. In addition to his other interests, he has over 8,000 acres of land leased from the state, and is now one of the largest individual stockowners of Wyoming. The family belong to the Presbyterian church, being earnest and devoted in their interest in all church and charity work and in assisting and providing for the needs of those less fortunate than themselves, being held in the highest es- teem by their neighbors as respected and sub- stantial citizens. ANTHONY WILKINSON. A type of the successful man of business who has fairly earned his present prominence in the business world by his energy, industry and perseverance, Anthony Wilkinson, an in- fluential citizen of Egbert, one of the leading stockmen of the state of Wyoming, was born in Yorkshire, England, on July 4, 1838, the son of Anthony and Alice (Savers) Wilkinson, na- tives of Yorkshire. His father was engaged in dairy-farming - and continued in that occupation in his native country until 1890, when he emi- grated and joined his sons in the state of Nebraska. He died at a ripe old age at Archer, Wyo., in 1894, being buried in Cheyenne. The mother now makes her home at the residence of her son, the subject of this sketch. Anthony Wilkinson grew to man's estate in his native country, receiving his early education in the schools of Yorkshire, remaining with his par- ents until lie had attained to the age of six- teen years, being filled with an ambition, even at that early age, to make his own way in the PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 259 world, he secured employment as a farm hand on farms near the parental home, remaining there engaged in that occupation for three years, then received an appointment as game watcher at Rookby Park in Yorkshire, where he remained for about two years, in 1863 going to Scotland and being appointed gamekeeper at Tolloch Castle, Rosshire, in which capacity he continued for four years. He then returned to Yorkshire and remained with his parents, assisting- his father in the work and manage- ment of the farm until 1873, when he left his old home in England and took passage for America. Arriving here, he first went to Dorchester, Neb., where he engaged in operat- ing a meat market for about three years, send- ing wagons to the surrounding country and to adjoining' towns and transacting an extensive and profitable business. At the end of that time, he removed his residence to the county of Cus- ter, and there took up a homestead, and be- gan in a small way the raising of cattle and sheep. He also owned and conducted a general meat market at Ansley, Neb., his farm adjoining that place. In this business he met with suc- cess, but desiring to have a larger field for his stockgrowing operations, he removed to the then territory of Wyoming. In 1878 he pur- chased a ranch near Archer, and engaged in a successful business in the raising of cattle and sheep. He remained here until 1891, when he purchased his present ranch property on Muddy Creek, about one mile southwest of the city of Pine Bluffs. Here he entered more ex- tensively upon his chosen occupation, extending his operations from year to year until. now he is one of the heaviest dealers and largest prop- erty owners in the state and being one of the largest landowners in the western country, having 8,500 acres at his home ranch, about 16,000 acres on Big Horse Creek, and about 8,000 acres a short distance south of his home ranch, making about 32,500 acres of land which he owns in Wyoming. He also owns large tracts in the vicinity of Ansley, Neb., and is interested jointly with his brother, John, in the ownership of other lands in northern Wyoming. 16 In 1900, desiring to unify his large business holdings, he organized and incorporated the A. Wilkinson Live Stock Co., having a capital of $150,000. Mr. Wilkinson owns a controll- ing interest in this company and as its president usually directs its policy, although endeavoring to retire from active business. This company has been increasing its cattle interests, and is also entering more largely into sheepraising and woolgrowing, finding this department more remunerative and paying a better return for the capital invested. Mr. Wilkinson is a man of progressive spirit, public enterprise and great confidence in the future greatness of the com- monwealth which he has done so much to build up. Having business interests scattered all over the state and having been among the fore- most of her citizens in developing the resources of both the territory and the state, he has yet done more for the industrial progress, com- mercial growth and advancement of the county of Laramie than for any other section of Wyo- ming. Here has been his home for many years, here his large interests have been centralized and the business life of this section of the state owes much to his intelligent foresight and cap- able management. It is to the pluck, energy, and good business judgment of such men that the great western country owes its steady ad- vancement from a condition of sagebrush bar- renness to cultivated fields, with happy homes and villages and cities springing up everywhere. He has been instrumental in bringing capital into the country to develop the resources and has liberally contributed of his means to every worthy purpose calculated to promote and ad- vance the best interests of the community in which he has maintained his home. He is a member of the Protestant Episcopal church, being one of the most prominent in the sup- port of religion and charity, for the relief of the unfortunate and the promotion of the welfare of the public. Politically he is a stanch ad- herent of the Republican party, and for many years has been a loyal supporter of the princi- ples' and policies of that political organization, giving unwavering support to its candidates 260 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. and his time and means to the party's success. He has done this as a matter of patriotic duty, not with any view to seeking any political hon- ors for himself. Often solicited to become the candidate of his party for positions of honor and trust, he has steadfastly refused to do so, preferring to give his entire time and atten- tion to the direction and management of his extensive business interests. His standing in the business world, and the high' esteem in which he is held by his fellow citizens, would place with- in his reach almost any position of honor with- in the gift of the people, if he desired to be- come a candidate for political distinction. WILLIAM MacFARLANE. One of the leading men of Laramie county, whose efforts have done much to develop the re- sources of this section of Wyoming, Hon. Wil- liam F. MacFarlane, of MacFarlane, is a native of the city of Montreal, Can., born on September 7, 1852, the son of William S. and Mary (Fer- rier) MacFarlane, the former a native of Perth, Scotland, and the latter of Canada. The father removed from Scotland to Canada in 1834 and engaged in the wholesale grocery business in the city of Montreal. Subsequently he engaged in the wholesale hardware business in the same city, and later in life also retired from merchandising to engage in the real-estate business, operating largely in property in the city of Montreal and Canada, up to the time of his death, which oc- curred on February 22, 1886. He lies buried in the city where he passed most of his active and useful life. The mother passed away in 1874, and lies at rest by the side of her husband. Wil- liam F. MacFarlane grew to man's estate in the city of Montreal and acquired his early education in the public schools of that city. After complet- ing his education he took a position in a whole- sale crockery store in his native city for the pur- pose of acquainting himself with the mercantile business, remaining in that employment for about three years. When he had attained to the age of twenty-one years, he determined to seek his* for- tune in the far west, and came to the then terri- tory of Colorado in 1873, and in the fall of that year settling near Fort Collins as a rancher and raiser of cattle and horses. Here he carried on this business with success until 1879, when he disposed of his interests and removed to Wyo- ming territory where he took up his present ranch on Horseshoe Creek, about seventeen miles west of Glendo, and forty-four miles northwest of Wheatland, and there continued the raising of cattle. He has since been continuously engaged in the cattle business at this place and has stead- ily added to his holdings, both of lands and cattle, until now he is the owner of one of the finest pieces of ranch property in that section of the state, comprising about 1,200 acres of patented land and thousands of acres leased from the state. He has a large and handsome home, with all modern conveniences, and his barns, buildings and improvements are the finest in that section of the country. About 700 acres of his ranch are under irrigation and he raises great quantities of hay each year, as well as fruits and vegetables of many varieties. His extensive experiments in fruitgrowing and in the successful raising of vegetables have conclusively demonstrated that these products can be grown in Wyoming with the greatest success. He has disabused the minds of many of the impression that the finest of grains, fruits and vegetables cannot be suc- cessfuly grown in this latitude. In cattle he con- fines his attention chiefly to registered Hereford stock and is the owner of some of the most valu- able animals of that breed in Wyoming. His place is one of the landmarks and showplaces of the county, and no man in the state has done more to draw the attention of men of capital to her wonderful undeveloped resources, or to en- courage the growth and settlement of the newer portions of the commonwealth. On October 4, 1888, at the city of Cheyenne, Wyo.. Mr. Mac- Farlane was united in marriage with Miss Jessie A. Whalley, a native of Yorkshire, England, a daughter of Jonathan A. and Annette (Gars- tang) Whalley, both natives of England, and her father being a manufacturer of woolen goods in Yorkshire, up to the time of his death, which oc- curred in 1894. Her mother died in December, PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 261 1867, and both the parents were buried in Yorkshire. Mr. and Mrs. MacFarlane have two children to bless their home life, Florence and William Stewart, and the home is widely noted for its gracious and generous hospitality. The family are members of the Protestant Episcopal church, active and foremost in all its works of religion and charity. No worthy object ever goes from them without assistance, and they are well known and honored for their many acts of helpfulness. Mr. MacFarlane has been for many years one of the most trusted of the leaders of the Republican party of the state, being a conscien- tious believer in the principles of that political organization, and he is an eloquent advocate of all measures which are calculated to promote the public welfare. In 1896 he was nominated and elected by a handsome majority to the Legisla- tive Assembly of the state, and was there dis- tinguished for the ability and fidelity with which he served his constituents and the state. Many measures of large public interest, especially of a beneficial nature to the live stock interests of Wyoming, owe their origin to his patriotism as a member of the legislature. The people of the state would be fortunate if his services could be again commanded in her legislative halls, for he is recognized by men of all parties as one of the foremost men of the state, whose ability and loyalty to the best interests of Wyoming are un- questioned. He is a type of the best citizenship and his successful life, as well as his public ser- vices, should be an inspiration to the young men of Wyoming. HON. MARTIN McGRATH. Although born in Pennsylvania and reared there to the age of fourteen, Hon. Martin Mc- Grath of Thermopolis, a member of the legisla- ture of 1903, is essentially a western man; thoroughly identified with the interests of the section and imbued with its spirit. He has given himself up to the wild life of its plains as a range rider, has been one of its potential and pro- gressive mercantile factors and has had a voice of influence and force in its politics. His life began on November 9, 1864, and when he was fourteen his parents, Thomas and Margaret (Hines) McGrath, natives of Ireland but resi- dents of Pennsylvania from their early matu- rity, removed to eastern Kansas and two years later, in 1880, to Wyoming, locating at Dale Creek, where Martin nearly reached his majority and completed his education so far as schools were concerned. In 1884 he came to. Fort Fet- terman and for three years rode the range with the most hardy and fearless riders, gathering strength of body, independence of spirit, acute- ness of perception and readiness for any emer- gency from its life of exposure and strenuous effort. In 1887 he migrated to Glenrock and en- gaged in mercantile business until 1895, when he came to Thermopolis and started his present mercantile enterprise, one of the most extensive and progressive of its kind in this part of the state. It is a comprehensive general or depart- ment store where is to be found everything that necessity can demand or taste desire in the way of merchandise, and by its very fullness and variety of stock, wisdom of selection and su- perior quality in its wares and the grace and courtesy of manner in which they are offered to the public, it has become one of the most pop- ular emporiums of trade in the Northwest. In addition to this Mr. McGrath is one-half owner with Mr. Higgins of 10,000 sheep and has con- nection with other valuable industries in his county and elsewhere. A gentleman of Mr. McGrath's enterprise and public spirit, which have been exhibited by his active and forceful interest in the welfare of his community and whatever tends to its advancement, could not be overlooked as an element of usefulness and a power for good even in the maelstrom of politics, and he must perforce be drawn into it willingly or unwillingly, unless he should resist the impor- tunities of the public with the utmost positive- ness and constancy. In 1902 he was elected to the lower house of the State Legislature, in the ensuing session he sustained in that trying, and to him new forum, the reputation he had already made in others for readiness in resources, ten- acity of purpose, tact in management and know- 262 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. ledge and breadth of view in public affairs. His services to his constituents were of great value and his influence on general affairs of the state through legislation was wholesome and consider- able. He was married first at Glenrock in 1890, with Miss Minnie Thomas, a native of Iowa, who died at Thermopolis on December 25, 1900, leav- ing two sons, Roy and Lester. In 1902 he was married a second time, being united with Mrs. Dora Barker, also a native of Iowa. He is a stockholder in the electric light plant of the town, having given his aid to the installation of the system in order to secure its benefits for the com- munity and help along the progress of the town. And in the same way he is connected with var- ious other public utilities and private enterprises which contribute to the general weal, although by no means ostentatiously a philanthropist or promoter. ARCHIE R. MARCHESSAULT. There have been no greater factors in the development of the Great West and Northwest than the brave Canadians of French extraction who have everywhere distinguished themselves by their daring and brave pioneering and by the civilization that has never failed to follow in their footsteps. Mr. Marchessault is one of the men of this race who has manifested in the pres- ent generation the progressive characteristics shown so often by his ancestors in the preceding periods of our history. His life and activities find a fitting place in this volume, as he is a strong, self-reliant man, who, having been de- pendent upon himself since early youth, has come to regard ordinary obstacles in the way of his progress as but trifles that vanish like shadows when attacked by zeal and ' determination. Archie R. Marchessault, now a prominent stock- man of Uinta county, Wyoming, his highly im- proved and developed home ranch lying on Smith's Fork, near the pleasantly located town of Mt. View, was born near L'Acadie in the Dominion of Canada, on March 13, 1857, a son of Simon and Florence (Beauchard) Marchess- ault, both natives of Canada and of French line- age, their ancestry running back for generations into tented fields and knightly endeavor in the fair land of France. The father was a farmer, adding to the slender produce of the sterile acreage by his diligent handiwork as a black- smith, his father, Levi, being for long years the proprietor of a small hotel. The fourth in a family of ten children, seven of whom are now living, the luxuries of life were not in great evidence for Archie, but in the parish school he acquired a correct knowledge of the French language, which formed a solid base for the education he has diligently pursued under his own instruction in the United States, a know- ledge of scholastic English being a portion of the curriculum. When but thirteen years of age the courageous youth crossed the international boundary, and as he possessed a strong vitality, he could and did find employment in brickyards and icehouses, the heavy toil' there necessary only hardening his muscles and being a fitting pre- paration for his after life and labors in the far west. Feeling assured that in that free land be- yond the great western plains were opportu- nities for carving out a successful career, in 1876 Mr. Marchessault took the long trail for the west, never stopping until he reached the terri- tory of Utah, his initial employment here being mining in the camps of the Atlas and Frisco dis- tricts. A year later he was in the mining region of Nevada, where he tried both farming and mining, not meeting success enough however to prevent him from saying farewell and leaving Elko, his last location, and pressing on to the Wood River country of Idaho, where he mined and freighted for a year and then came to Evanston, Wyo., where he became identified with railroading as a brakeman and a fireman on the Union Pacific, "leaving the road" to become an employe -for a j'ear of the great stockman "Phil Masson, his operations being conducted on Henry's Fork. Being thus well equipped with the technical knowledge necessary to a success- ful and profitable adventure for himself in the cattle industry, Mr. Marchessault secured a squatter's right on a portion of the land now constituting his fine landed estate, and engaged PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 263 in the stock business, in which he has shown rare skill and judgment and in which he still con- tinues, being bountifully prospered in his opera- tions, his herds increasing from year to year un- less diminished by sale, which only tends to his prosperity. When the reservation land was thrown open to settlement, he filed on the place now constituting his home ranch, which estate consists of 240 acres of excellent meadow land under intelligent improvement of a high order, while three miles below he is the owner .of an- other choice 160 acres. He has raised horses, cattle, and sheep and is known as one of the daring operators in his line. He has at present a large number of cattle, mostly milk cows, while his sheep have been reduced by sale to two bands. He has won his way to wealth by an earnestness and a xletermination that few men possess, while, being courteous in his manner, entertaining in his conversation and generous in his impulses and hospitality, he has made warm and lasting friendships and his family holds a high place among the people of the entire county. He is particularly happy in his domestic life and has no desire to exchange . it for political honors, al- though loyal and energetic in his support of the Republican party as a member in the ranks. On March 9, 1885, occurred the wedding of Mr. Marchessault with Miss Belle, J. Harvey, a daughter of William and Agnes (McCulloch) Harvey, natives of Scotland, her native place however, being Muscatine, Iowa. The children of this congenial couple are Florence A. ; Clyde W. ; Robert R. ; Max A. ; Victor G. ; Myrtle R. ; Grace W. M., and a beautiful fragrance of hos- pitality emanates from the' home. THOMAS MATTHEWS. Progressive in all which the term implies and holding distinctive prestige as a business man and citizen Thomas Matthews is a splendid ex- ample of the wide-awake, enterprising class of men who in recent years have done so much to develop the wonderful resources of the Great West and advertise its manifold advantages to the world. Although a resident of anothei state he has large and important business interests in Wyoming and during the last twenty years has been very closely identified with' the material development of the county of Weston. His par- ents, William and Nancy (King) Matthews, were among the very earliest pioneers of Southern Texas, settling in Gonzales county about 1835, where the father became one of the most 'exten- sive cattleraisers of that region, owning at one time nearly 5,000 acres of land, the greater part of which came into his possession by reason of his service as a soldier during the Mexican War. He was one of the successful and influential men of his county, accumulated valuable property and became widely known throughout Southern Texas as a farmer and stockman ; he died in 1856, his widow surviving until 1892. Thomas N. Matthews was born in Gonzales county, Tex., on April 14, 1849. He was a lad of six years when his father died, and to his mother's faith- ful care and guidance is he indebted for his early training and for much of the success with which his riper years have been crowned. At the proper age he became a pupil of the public schools and until eighteen years old remained with his mother on the home farm, looking after her in- terests and assisting to run the place. On April 23, 1867, when but little past eighteen years of age he was united in marriage with Miss Fannie Walker, a native of Tennessee and a daughter of Allen Walker, the ceremony being solemnized in the city of Gonzales, Upon the division of his father's estate about 1,000 acres fell to his son Thomas, who, on this, set up his first domestic establishment and began his long and successful career as a cattleraiser, building up a large and lucrative business and for a number of years ranking with the leading stockmen and successful farmers of his native county, also earning the reputation of an intelligent and public spirited man of affairs. He continued in Texas until 1881 when he sold a part of his extensive in- terests there and brought a large number of cat- tle to Wyoming, purchasing the fine ranch near Gillette which he still owns. Since transferring his interests to this state Mr. Matthews has re- doubled his diligence, gradually forging to the 264 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. front until he became one of the most extensive stockmen in Weston county, beside holding large and valuable possessions elsewhere. His family joined him in 1889, when he disposed of the res- idue of his property in Texas, and in 1895 he moved to his present home in the town of Spearfish, South Dakota. Mr. Matthews owns a large amount of fine grazing land in South Dakota, which is well stocked with cattle and horses, his son Thomas being jointly interested with him and giving personal attention to the business in Wyoming. Mr. Matthews has steadily increased his realty and his business con- tinues to grow in magnitude and importance with each recurring year. His various ranches are admirably situated and with the improve- ments which he has added from time to time are now among the most valuable properties of the kind in the west. He owns an elegant modern residence in Spearfish, abundantly supplied with the comforts and conveniences calculated to make life desirable, and in addition thereto has nearly 1, 000 acres of land in close proximity to the city. In many respects the subject of this sketch is more than an ordinary man, for his career has been attended with financial success, such as few achieve and he has made his presence felt as a forceful factor in business circles and in the public affairs of his city arid state. His methods have always been honorable and in his relations with his fellow men no shade or sus- picion of a questionable transaction has ever attached to his good name. His private char- acter is above reproach and as a neighbor, friend and citizen his record will bear the closest and most exacting scrutiny. By deeds of gen- erosity and kindness extending through a long period of years he has won and retained strong personal attachments, and it is doubtful if a more useful or popular individual can be found in the city of his residence, or in any part of the country where he is so well and favorably known. Mr. Matthews' first wife, to whom reference is made in a preceding paragraph, bore him five children and departed this life in August, 1894; her body was taken to Gonzales, Tex., where amid quiet scenes and peaceful shades, it will sleep until awakened by the angel- of the resur- rection. The following are the names of her children James, Thomas, Addie and Ida, twins, and Cora, all deceased except Thomas. His second marriage was solemnized on April 1, 1895, in Deadwood, S. D., with Carrie Minegh, a native of Illinois and a daughter of George Minegh, Esq. Mrs. Matthews is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church of Spearfish and has a large acquaintance among the best social cir- cles of that city. While not personally identified with any religious organization, Mr. Matthews believes in the church as a great moral force and is a liberal contributor to its beneficences. All other enterprises having for their object the im- provement of society or the elevation of the standard of citizenship also find in him a zealous friend and liberal patron. JOHN McNISH. This gentlemanly and accommodating post- master at Viola, Uinta county, Wyoming, now at the entrance of the prime of manhood, was born in Green county, Wis., a son of Alexander and Elizabeth (Chadwick) McNish, a native of Glas- gow, Scotland, the father coming to the United States in 1856, following here the occupation of blacksmith and farmer until his death in 1890, at the age of seventy-six years. He was one of the pioneers of Wisconsin, and with the usual foresight, skill and thrifty habits of his country- men, became one of the most prosperous and re- spected citizens of his adopted county of Green. The mother of John McNish, born in Pennsyl- vania, was united, in marriage with her husband in Wisconsin and there she died in 1872. John McNish had just attained his majority when he came to Wyoming and for the first eleven years after his arrival in the state he was employed as a drover, and then, in 1884, having acquired some capital, he entered a desert claim on La- barge Creek and began the raising of cattle on his own account. Here he has made many im- provements and has one of the best ranches in the country. Straightforward in all his dealings he has established for himself a reputation for PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 265 integrity unsurpassed in the county. The mar- riage of John McNish to Miss Lillie Price was celebrated in 1891. She was the accomplished daughter of Joseph and Elizabeth (Mott) Price, and a native of Missouri. But Mr. Mc- Nish was untimely bereft by the loss of his help- mate, and to his fatherly care there were left two children, Venus and Ellis, to whom he de- votes solicitous care and tender attention. It is now about six years since Mr. McNish, a zealous Democrat in politics, was appointed postmaster at Viola, but in the performance of the duties of this office he has given eminent satisfaction to the public and the Postoffice Department. SHERMAN T. MAJOR. In the lineage of this genial and energetic member of the firm of Nickerson & Major, pro- prietors of the Palace Pharmacy of Lander, the versatility and vivacity of the Canadian and the industry and thrift of the prairie farmer of Illi- nois unite. His life began on June 8, 1865, in Vermilion county, 111., where his father, Samuel Major, a Canadian by birth, died in 1890 aged sixty years, after a career of patriotic and pro- ductive usefulness. At the call of his country he enlisted in the Twenty-third Illinois Infantry in defense of the Union and served three years, engaging in many important battles and accom- paning Sherman on his renowned march to the sea. His wife, Margaret (Smith) Major, who was born and reared in Illinois, survived him un- til June, 1891, and then died while on a visit to her son in Wyoming. They were the parents of two sons, both of whom are living in this state. Sherman, the elder, attended the district schools of Illinois until he was fourteen years old, then, beginning the business of life for himself, he removed to Kansas and passed three years and a half as a clerk and salesman in a mercantile establishment. From Kansas he made his way to Minnesota where he worked for a year in the livery business. He then returned to his home and during the next three years worked for his parents on the farm. In 1888 he came west to Wyoming and accepted employment with Mr. McLaughlin on his ranch near Lander for a year, then rode the range for another year, at the end of which he entered the service of the U. S. government with the Shoshone Indian agency, where he remained four years and two months. During the following two years he con- ducted the hotel at Fort Washakie, after which he was engaged for two years in the cattle busi- ness in the Big Horn country in company with F. K. McCoy. In 1900 he joined his present partner, Oro K. Nickerson, in the purchase of the stock and store of the Palace Pharmacy at Lan- der, in which he has since been actively and pro- fitably occupied. This establishment, both in the stock it carries and the manner in which it is conducted, is a credit to the town and is much appreciated by its large and expanding list of patrons. Mr. Major is a capable and enterpris- ing business man, keenly alive to the needs of his trade and section, genial and obliging in man- ner, earnestly interested in the growth and de- velopment of his city and county and of firm faith in their continuing prosperity and advance- ment. He is a member of Lander Lodge No. 10, Knights of Pythias. On January 6, 1892, he married with Miss Mary A. Shere of Fort Washakie, a lady of English ancestry and they have one child, Sibyl A. Major. ROBERT MILLER. The sons of "Bonnie Scotland" are every- where found in the leading ranks of human en- deavor, and they have played a distinguished part in the toils and endurance, the labors and the achievements that have resulted in the creation of the great west. Perhaps in no field of indus- trial activity has their beneficial presence been more marked than in the mining of coal, one of the most important branches of our present in- dustries, for Scottish energy, intelligence and thrift, combined with a thorough technical knowledge of mining, and indefatigable industry, if given a good opportunity, rarely fail to win a success worthy of the name. A notable ex- ample of this is presented in the life of Robert Miller, now a prominent and esteemed citizen of 266 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. Evanston, Wyoming, who was born on February 3, 1861, at Knightswood. County Dunbarton, Scotland, being a son of David and Elizabeth (Dougherty) Miller, and descending from fami- lies running back an unknown number of genera- tions in his native land. David Miller, born in Scotland in 1819, a son of Walter Miller, a life- long resident of Dunbarton county, acquired a solid education in the national schools, and for many years was engaged in coal-mining, which vocation he diligently followed until coming to the United States in 1883, marrying and rearing a family of nine children in the old country. Mrs. Elizabeth Miller, born in 1823, a faithful and beneficial wife and mother, passed from earth to those activities that have no weariness, at Al- my, Wyo., at the age of seventy-eight years, long surviving her husband, who died and was buried at Evanston in 1890. After a residence of two years at Echo, Utah, their life in the West was passed at Almy, Wyo., where they were highly esteemed members of society and de- voted members of the Presbyterian church. Ro- bert Miller had the Scotch desire for knowledge, availing himself of all the school advantages he could obtain and supplementing these by observ- ant reading of valuable authors. Of course his environments made him a miner and he became well grounded in its technical knowledge which was assisted by constant observation and a keen intellect. Preceding his parents to this country by one year, in 1882 he became identified with mining at Echo, Utah, for three years, thence proceeding to Almy, Uinta county, Wyo., and continuing the industry there for mdre than a decade. For three years he was employed in the silver mines at Park City, Utah, coming from that place to Frontier, Wyo., where he followed mining until his special qualifications and fitness for public life caused him to be placed in re- sponsible positions of trust and confidence. In 1892, as a Republican, he was elected State Sena- tor for the county of Uinta and served his con- stituents well and faithfully in the Legislatures of 1893 and 1895. He was decidedly a working member of the Senate, carrying the same indus- trv and integrity into his official life that were prominent characteristics of his every day exis- tence among the people and he has won many friends. In 1900 he was elected clerk of the District Court and in 1902 was again the choice of the Republican party for the same office, to which he was again elected by one of the largest majorities ever given to any candidate in the county and he is now holding the office, being very popular with the people, the court and the legal fraternity. By his marriage on January 29, 1889, with Miss Ellen G. Hunter, a native of Pennsylvania, he has four children; Mary A. ; David H. ; Goldie M. ; Robert N. Mil- ler, their mother being the daughter of Robert N. and Mary (McDonald) Hunter, and her pater- nal grandfather, John Hunter, of Scotland, bet- ter known in the old country by his popular name of "Clydeside Johnnie," at one time lived in the United States, being a man of wide experience and great power as an orator, acquiring distinc- tion for his sterling advocacy of all causes tend- ing to the amelioration of the condition of the miners of Scotland. Her father was born in Scotland, but he has lived for more than forty years in America and now resides, a respected citizen at Cumberland, Wyo. ANDREW NEILSON. The general public has ever taken an in- terest in tracing the career of a man starting in life handicapped in many ways, but who not- withstanding obstacles or unfavorable environ- ment, pushes courageously to the front until he finally reaches the goal of success. The life of the self-made man whose name appears above affords an impressive example of what energy, when properly directed and controlled, may ac- complish in surmounting unfavorable conditions and lifting its possessor from a lowly station to affluence and usefulness. Andrew Neilson is a typical representation of sterling Scottish man- hood and, although of foreign birth, is none the less loyal to the government under which he now lives or none the less a lover of the country in which his most pronounced success has been achieved. He was born in Rutherqlend. Scot- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 267 land, on September 28, 1861, the son of Andrew and Elizabeth (Grant) Neilson, natives of that country. For facts concerning Andrew and Elizabeth Neilson the reader is respectfully re- ferred to the biography of Robert Neilson to be found elsewhere in this volume. Andrew Neil- son passed his childhood and youth in his native land, at an early age being apprenticed to learn the painters' trade. After serving his appren- ticeship and becoming an efficient workman he came to the United States with his parents and for some time thereafter followed his trade in Pittston, Pa., where he remained until 1885, in November of that year coming to Laramie coun- ty, Wyo., where for several weeks he stopped with a cousin, Duncan Grant, meanwhile looking over the country to find a favorable locality wherein to settle. Leaving his relation, Mr Neilson went to Cheyenne and after remaining there a few months invested his means in a herd of cattle, which he drove to the mountains near Laramie Peak to pasture until the following spring. The winter being excessively severe fully one-half of his cattle died, entailing a heavy loss which would have disheartened a less courageous man. Returning from the mountains with the remainder of his herd, he took up his present ranch on Sybylle Creek, seven miles southwest of Wheatland, and purchasing more cattle, he resolutely faced the future, determined if possible to retrieve his fortune. In this laud- able ambition he has been eminently successful, now easily ranking with the leading stockmen of that part of Wyoming where he operates. Mr. Neilson began cattleraising in a modest way and notwithstanding the severe experience at the commencement his business has gradually ad- vanced until today he has accumulated a nice lit- tle fortune, which places him in independent cir- cumstances. He is familiar with every detail of the industry and the success of his past endeavors is an earnest of still larger transactions and con- tinued prosperity in years to come. Mr. Neilson pays especial attention to blooded stock and on his place may be seen some of the finest thorough-bred cattle in his section of the coun- try. His ranch, which contains 640 acres, is finely situated for live stock purposes, the greater part being quite level and overgrown with a rank growth of nutritious grasses well adapted for grazing and for hay. In addition to this he leases other lands. Mr. Neilson's ranch contains a number of substantial improvements and the condition of everything on the premises indicates the spirit of thrift and progress. His home is comfortable and attractive, no pains has been spared to make it the dearest spot on earth to the inmates. A man of enterprising spirit he takes an active interest in whatever tends to build up the community materially or otherwise and as a neighbor he is popular, as a friend loyal and steadfast, while in every relation of life his conduct has been upright, manly and above reproach. Mr. Neilson was most happily married on March 28, 1900, with Miss Ivy Curtis, a daughter of Wells A. and Caroline (Wemple) Curtis, the ceremony being solem- nized at the pleasant residence of Mrs. Mor- ris, a sister of the bride, whose father was born in New York, her mother in Pennsyl- vania, their marriage occurring in Iowa, of which state they were early pioneers. After the death of his wife in 1877 Mr. Curtis went to Colorado, locating at Fort Collins near which place he en- gaged in the stock business. He died on March 7, 1896, and was buried at Fort Collins. Mrs. Neilson is a native of Iowa and has borne her husband one child, Andrew A., whose birth oc- curred on April 4, 1901. Mr. Neilson is a mem- ber of the Masonic fraternity and in politics sup- ports the Republican party. The Congregation- al! st church embodies his religious creed, him- self and wife being members of that com- munion. CHARLES W. MORGAREIDGE. The conquest of man over nature, an inspir- ing theme in all its phases, is in nothing more complete, perhaps, than in the propagation and distribution of choice varieties of fish, and this industry has grown to enormous proportions and is exceedinglv interesting as a subject of obser- vation and studv, either in general or in detail. 268 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. The limits of this publication do not allow specific attention to the subject farther than to say that its control and management must be in competent hands and then good results are sure to follow. In this respect the State Fish Hatch- ery of Wyoming is most fortunate in having at its head the accomplished gentleman who forms the subject of the present writing, Charles W. Morgareidge, who is closely identified with the history of the state, having passed more than a generation of human life within her borders. He is a native of Ohio where he was born in 1855, the son of Simeon and Eliza (Coffee) Mor- gareidge, also natives of Ohio. When he was about fifteen years of age his parents came to Nebraska, settling at Rawlins, and in 1870 their son Charles came to Wyoming and soon entered the employ of the Union Pacific Railroad as a boilermaker and continued as a brakeman. He remained with the company four years, then was engaged in the stock industry for twelve more years, when he came to Sheridan and opened an establishment as a furniture dealer and under- taker which he conducted successfully until 1898. He was then appointed superintendent of the State Fish Hatchery by Governor Richards, hold- ing the position continuously since that time and having to his credit a record of fidelity and skill in the discbarge of his official duties, under which the business of the institution has greatly prospered and the state's interests have not only been well protected, but expanded in value. Mr. Morgareidge was married in 1885, in Johnson county, Wyo., to Miss Nellie V. Harris, a daugh- ter of B. B. Hairis of Colorado, a cousin of the late Hon. Benjamin Butterworth, for many years a distinguished member of Congress from Ohio. They have three children, Blanche, C. B. and Annie. Since 1899 Mrs, Morgareidge has been the postmistress at Wolf, where they live, and has conducted the office with general accepta- bility. The head of the house still owns his residence property in Sheridan City, with other holdings of value. He is an active member of the Masonic fraternity and takes great interest in the progress and proceedings of its lodges. In 1876 and 1877 he was in the service of the U. S. Government, packing provisions for the troops in the field. Always and everywhere he has been ready and willing to take his part in any move- ment for the good of the community, the benefit of his county, his state or his country. His in- fluence is generally recognized in local affairs, and his zealous, upright and serviceable citizen- ship furnishes an inspiring example to his fellows. HARRISON J. NEWELL. One of the oldest residents of Albany county, Wyoming, and one of the representative citizens of that section of the state, is Harrison J. New- ell, whose address is Spring Hill. He was born October 12, 1831, a native of Wayne county, in the state of Ohio, and the son of James and Elizabeth (Coder) Newell, the former a native of Ohio and the latter of Pennsylvania. His fa- ther was a farmer in Wayne county, Ohio, and removed from that state to Iowa in 1837, where he settled in the county of Louisa, being one of the earliest of its pioneers. He was a resident of the state during the Indian wars and all of his life was passed on the frontier. In 1847, he re- moved to Black Hawk county, where he engaged in farming and continued in that pursuit up to the time of his death, in 1872. The mother passed from earth in 1838, and was buried in Louisa county, Iowa. Harrison J. Newell grew to man- hood in Iowa, and received his earl}- schooling in Louisa and Black Hawk counties, although his opportunities for attendance in school in those pioneer days were very limited. He did his best to acquire an education and was enabled to a large extent to supply the deficiencies of his early training. He remained at the paternal home as- sisting his father in the work and management of the farm until he had attained to the age of twenty-one years. He then set out in life for himself and in 1852 purchased -a farm in Black Hawk county, Iowa, near his old home, and en- gaged in both farming and stockgrowing with fair success in his operations until 1881 when he , removed his residence to the then territory of Wyoming, there establishing his home in the vi- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 269 cir.it>- of Eagle Mountain and engaged in pros- pecting and mining until the following year, when he returned to Iowa and brought his fam- ily to his new home at Eagle Mountain. He continued mining until the fall of 1882, then seeing a favorable opportunity to engage in the cattle business, he returned to his former Iowa home and purchased cattle which he brought to Wyoming, and located upon his present ranch in Horseshoe Park, lying about thirty-five miles south of the city of Douglas. He has since that time been continuously engaged in raising cattle and horses, and has been very suc- cessful, being now the owner of a large, well im- proved ranch, well fenced and with suitable buildings for the convenient operation of his ex- tensive stock, business, and is one of the progress- ive and representative men of his section of Wyo- ming. On November 20, 1856, Mr. Newell was united in marriage in Black Hawk county, Iowa, to Miss Sarah Jane Benham, a native of Ohio, and a daughter of William and Sarah (Prickett) Benham, also natives of that state, standing among the best known arid respected citizens. Mr. and Mrs. Newell have had seven children, Martha (deceased), Mary M., Frank -M., Em- mett M., F. Elma (deceased), Eva M. (de- ceased), Gut H. The three deceased daughters are buried in Black Plawk county, Iowa. Mr. Newell is a stanch adherent of the Democratic party, and a conscientious advocate of its prin- ciples. During his long life - he has sometimes taken an active and leading part in public af- fairs, but has never sought or desired public of- fice. He is one of the substantial and conser- vative business men of Albany county, whose long life has been full of usefulness to his fel- low men and he is held in high esteem. His popularity only exemplifies his real merits. ORO K. NICKERSON. Unquestionably one of the prime necessities in a community is a good and reliable drugstore, and it adds much to the peace of mind and com- fort of the community to know that such an in- stitution in its midst is properly conducted. The people of Lander have this source of comfort in the excellent pharmacy conducted in their' town by Messrs. Nickerson & Major. The sen- ior proprietor, Mr. Oro K. Nickerson, was born at Miners' Delight, Wyoming, on August 30, 1877, the son of Herman G. and Hattie J. (Kel- sey) Nickerson, natives of Ohio from whence the father emigrated to Wyoming in 1866 and the mother in 1872. They are still living in the state of their adoption, the father being at this writ- ing Indian agent at the Shoshone agency, near Lander. He has always been a man of pro- gressive views and commendable activity in pub- lic affairs. Oro K. Nickerson received his schol- astic education in the public schools of Fremont county and afterward attended the Stout Manual Training School of Wisconsin and the depart- ment of Pharmacy at the University of Minne- sota. He was graduated in pharmacy in 1896 and at once was employed as a druggist's clerk in Minneapolis where he remained two years. At the end of that period he came to Wyoming and went to work in the same capacity for Mr. Keister, of Lander. In 1900 he and Sherman T. Major bought the stock and store of the Palace Pharmacy, which they are still conducting in first-class style and with a complete line of the best drugs and chemicals. They give special at- tention to compounding prescriptions, using none but the best and freshest drugs, combining them with great care and skill. They carry also a full and attractive stock of liquors, toilet goods and fancy articles, such as are usually found in an up-to-date drug store and by their enterprise and close attention to the tastes and needs of their patrons they satisfy the exacting demands of a large and growing trade. Mr. Nickerson is a gentleman of breadth of view and public spirit, taking a deep and serviceable interest in all mat- ters of general concern for the advancement of the community. He is an earnest and zealous Odd Fellow, holding membership in Fremont Lodge No. 11, I. O. O. F. On August 22, 1900, in Wisconsin, he yielded to the flowery yoke of Eros and was united in marriage with Miss Es- sie E. Cook of that state, a daughter of George R. and Julia (DeMoe) Cook, and one child, Oro K., Jr., has blessed their union. Mr. Nickerson is the captain of Co. B, Wyoming National Guard. 270 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. FRED F. NOBLE. The youngest of six children and left an or- phan by the death of her father when she was but seven years old, Fred F. Noble, one of the proprietors and the cashier of the banking in- stitution of Noble, Lane & Noble, one of the leading commercial enterprises of the little town of Lander, has brought himself into conse- quence and public esteem in spite of adverse cir- cumstances and the want of fortune's favors. He was born at Sacketts Harbor, N. Y., on August ■I, 1862, the son of Mr. William N. and Jane A. (Payne) Noble, prosperous farmers of that vi- cinity. His father, who was a native of Eng- land, practiced civil engineering in connection with his farming operations and was an in- fluential man in the community, when at the age of forty-five an untimely death ended his useful- ness, leaving his young family to their own re- sources. His widow, a native of New York, sur- vived him until 1892, when she died at the age of sixty-seven years. Their youngest son, Fred F. Noble, attended the public schools of his na- tive place until he nearly reached his maturity and then secured a course of business training at an excellent commercial college at Gibson, N. Y., from which he was graduated in 1882. Fie at once came to the west and, settling in Wyo- ming, began his creditable business career as a bookkeeper for Noble & Lane at the Shoshone Indian agency. Eight years of active and profit- able service there secured him general esteem as a business man and in 1890 he removed to Lan- der, there entering upon duty as cashier of the bank with which he is still connected and to whose development he has essentially contrib- uted. He also has valuable interests in the stock business in connection with the Noble, Carmody & Ivens Live Stock Co., which, without ostenta- tion, carries on an extensive and profitable trade in that commodity which has made Wyoming great and respected in the commercial world. Mr. Noble was married on February 13, 1895, at Lander, with Miss Isabella C. Ewing, a daughter of John and Eleanor Ewing, natives and residents of Grimsby, England, where their families have been people of standing and in- fluence for generations. Mr. and Mrs. Noble have two children, Everett E. and Marie, and are active and useful members of the Episcopal church, having a firm hold on the regard of the community in both a social and a public way. Their home is a center of refined and genial hos- pitality, contributing as much to the amenities of life in the town as Mr. Noble's business does to its financial and mercantile welfare. JOHN W. PADGET, M. D. Prepared for public and professional life by a thorough collegiate and technical education, and having gathered wisdom and experience from an extensive practice of his professiop in half a dozen states. Dr. John W. Padget, of Lander, is justly entitled to the eminence he holds in his life-work and fully justifies by natural ap- titude, acquired knowledge and skill the high re- gard in which he is held as a physician. He was born in Dallas county, Missouri, on April 14, 1863, a son of Elias M. and Orlena (Holson) Padget, who removed from Tennessee to Mis- siouri in their early married life. The Doctor re- ceived a careful academic education in the Mis- souri University at Cobia, and in the medical department of that institution and of the Mis- souri Medical College at St. Louis he was well prepared in both the theoretical and the clinical departments of his profession, being graduated from the latter institution in 1883. After prac- ticing for one year at Winfield, Kan., he returned to his native state and practiced at Louisburg un- til 1888. At that time he was appointed physi- ian at the Nez Perces Indian agency in Idaho, remaining in that position until October 25, 1889, when he removed to Palouse, ^Yash., and practiced there until June, 1895. During the next three or four years he was located at differ- ent times at Caldwell, Idaho, Anaconda and Bridger, Mont., and elsewhere. In November, 1899, he located at Lander, where he has since resided and built up an extensive and profitable practice, taking a leading place in the ranks of the profession and in the general regard of the PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 271 people, socially as well as professionally. He participates actively in public affairs, serving on the staff of the commander in the Wyoming National Guard as a first lieutenant, freely giv- ing his voice and influence in behalf of every good enterprise for the advantage of the county and state in which he lives. On October 10, 1885, he was united in marriage with Miss J. Ellen Carter, a daughter of Dr. James E. and Hepseby Carter, natives of Tennessee and be- longing to families long prominent in that state. Three of their four children are living, Elias Monford, Ernest Edward and Orlena; Clare died at the age of six years in Spokane, Wash., one year after the. death of her mother, who passed away on February 1, 1895, at Palouse in that state. CHARLES C. PALMER. In this enlightened and utilitarian age, when men of industry, energy and merit are rapidly pushing themselves to the front, those who by their own unaided efforts have won favor in po- sitions of trust may properly claim recognition. Within the last quarter of a century there have come to the Great West men of moderate finan- cial resources but evincing that sturdy independ- ence and determination which entitles them to a place in the history of the section with which they have been identified. The career of Mr. Charles C. Palmer forcibly illustrates the pos- sibilities open to a man possessing keen intelli- gence and sterling business qualifications and it proves that neither wealth, social position, nor the assistance of influential friends is at all req- uisite in placing an individual on the road to success. Charles C. Palmer, manager of the Pratt, and Ferris Cattle Co.'s interests in Lar- amie county, Wyoming, was born in Washing- ton county, Rhode Island, on January 6, i860. His ancestors came to this country in an early day from England, settling in Rhode Island where the family has been represented for a great many years. Oliver G. Palmer, the father of the one of whom we are now writing, was born and reared in the above state, passing all of his life in the county of Washington, dying in March, 1863. By occupation he was a shoe- maker ; his wife, formerly Miss Lydia Lewis, was also a native of Rhode Island, and some time after his death she went to Illinois, thence to Nebraska, dying in the latter state in December, 1887. Charles C. Palmer was quite a small child when his father died and to his mother's careful training is he largely indebted for the in- struction and admonition which gave bent to his destiny for good. When ten years old he accom- panied her to Piper City, Ford county, 111., where the family lived from 1870 until 1880, Charles meanwhile attending school. The educational discipline acquired at Piper City was supple- mented by a .full course at Grand Prairie Semi- nary, Onarga, 111., where he pursued his studies until attaining his majority, when he engaged in agricultural pursuits in Ford county, where he remained until 1886, when he accompanied his mother to Cheyenne county, Neb., now Scotts Bluffs county, and entered a tract of govern- ment land. He retained this place until 1891 when he came to Wyoming, settling in Laramie county, where he carried on agriculture until the spring of 1892, then going to the northern part of the state and, engaging in ranch work near the town of Sheridan, he continued in that ca- pacity during the ensuing six years. In 1895 ne accepted a position with the Pratt and Ferris Cattle Co., to take charge of the ranches near the above place and from that time to the pres- ent he has looked ' after their interests in va- rious parts of the country. For three years he was foreman of the Big Red ranch, the home and headquarters of the company, one of the larg- est and best improved properties of the kind in the state. In the spring of 1898 he was trans- ferred to the ranch on Platte River, twelve miles east of Fort Laramie, of which he has been superintendent to the present time. This is also a large and valuable property, having the finest buildings of any ranch in this section of the state and being one of the most important of the company's possessions. As foreman and man- ager of the large interests intrusted to him Mr. Palmer has demonstrated not only sound judg- 272 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. ment and executive ability of a high order, but has also become one of the most experienced stockmen in Wyoming. By making his employ- er's interests his own, he has won their un- bounded confidence and in all matters of busi- ness pertaining to the ranch with which he is connected his advice and counsel have much weight. His experience has been such as to gain not only the good will of the company, but that of other stockmen of this part of the state, among whom he is held in high personal es- teem. Mr. Palmer has maintained a lively in- terest in all that pertains to the legitimate ad- vancement and material prosperity of the county in which he lives, believing in enterprise in all the term implies, he has bent all of his energies in that direction and in many ways has contrib- uted to the industrial and general development of his part of the state. In addition to the high position he holds, Mr. Palmer owns a ranch which he rents, the property returning him a liberal income besides annually advancing in value. By industry and economy he has suc- ceeded in acquiring no inconsiderable fortune, being now in comfortable circumstances as far as finances are concerned and well situated to enjoy the fruits of his labors. A gentleman of unimpeachable integrity he discharges the duties of citizenship as becomes a loyal American and true lover of his state and nation. He was mar- ried in Ford county, 111., on January 13, 1881, with Miss Jennie McLeod of that state, and is the father of two children, Miss Fannie E. and Harry M. Mr. Palmer has now the charge of two ranches on the Platte, and both under his able management have become among the most valuable of the several large properties which the Pratt and Ferris Company own. WILLIAM WILSON NOTTINGHAM. After years of interesting and not un- profitable wandering in various states and ter- ritories and trying his hand at a number of different occupations, William W. Nottingham found near unto Bighorn, Sheridan county, Wyoming, a location suitable to his taste and an occupation that has engaged his faculties in a pleasing as well as a profitable manner. He is one of the prosperous and progressive farmers and stockgrowers of the state and, what is far more to his credit, his estate, both in worldly wealth and public esteem, is the legitimate fruit of his own energy, capacity and upright, useful citizenship, being essentially a self-made man in the better sense of the term, having gathered his stores of wisdom in an exi- gent personal experience and through a large acquaintance with men and conditions. Mr. Not- tingham was born on May 22, 1841, in Vir- ginia, where the families of his parents, Henry and Martha Nottingham, had long been domi- ciled, coming over from England in Colonial days. He lived on the farm with his parents and when he was sixteen years of age he came west with his oldest brother and married sister, by the consent of his parents, to Iowa, where he worked on a farm and attended school in the winter, completing there the education com- menced in Virginia. His parents went to Iowa from Virginia in 1871 and there the father died in 1882 and the mother in 1883. In i860 Mr. Nottingham joined the stampede to Pike's Peak, crossing the plains with ox teams, and after his arrival engaged in prospecting and mining for a time, then went to farming near Denver, in 1864 & onl 8' to Boise, Idaho, and soon after to Virginia City, Mont., where were passed two years in mining, after which for twelve years he conducted a freighting enter- prise with ox teams. He had government con- tracts, in addition to his private business, and was able to make the venture profitable, not- withstanding the continual hazard attending it. While he was conducting this business, he also had a stock ranch and carried on an in- dustry in cattle with vigor and energy. In 1879 he removed to the Yellowstone and se- cured a contract from the government to supply hay to the military posts in the country near by. In 1880 he returned to his old Iowa home and, buying land there, remained actively occupied in farming it until 1886, when he sold out and again came west, locating in Sheridan county, Wvo., PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 273 on the place which is now his home and on which he is engaged in farming and stockraising on a scale of magnitude commensurate with his enterprising spirit and his excellent facilities. He has 1,400 acres of deeded land and 880 acres un- der lease. On these tracts he has large herds of cattle and other stock and, while keeping pace with the demands of the market in the volume of his products, he is zealously raising his stand- ard to the highest degree of excellence. But exacting- and interesting as is his business, it has not taken all of Mr. Nottingham's time and energy, for he is sedulously interested in the welfare of the community and has not spared his efforts in that behalf. He served four acceptable years as county commissioner and has given much attention to educational affairs. In 1881 was solemnized in Iowa his marriage to Miss Belle Eads, a native of that state. They have five children, all sons, S. Bu- ford, J. W., George D., Don D. and Cecil Clay, and all assisting in his business or building up industries for themselves. Mr. Nottingham enjoys in a marked degree the esteem l of his friends and acquaintances and stands high in the good will and confidence of the public. RONEY R. POMEROY. The world judges a community by the char- acter of its representative citizens and yields its tribute of admiration and respect to the genius, learning or work of those whose actions consti- tute the record of prosperity and substantial ad- ■ vancement. It is this record that offers for our consideration the history of men who, in their character for enterprise, probity and the kindly virtues, afford to the young examples worthy of emulation and among this class stands Roney P. Pomeroy, a native of Illinois, whose life has been one of consecutive endeavor in business af- fairs, entitling him to representation among the useful citizens of the county in which he now lives. He is a lineal descendant of an old New England family that figured in the annals of Massachusetts during the Colonial period. His father, Justin Pomeroy, a farmer, being a native of that state and the mother, who bore the maid- en name of Amy Runyon, was also of New England birth. A number of years ago the father moved to Pickaway county, Ohio, where he followed agricultural pursuits until about 1862, giving special attention to broom-corn. From Ohio he moved to Titusville, Pennsylvania, where he run several stage lines and a hotel and livery. In 1867 he came to Wyoming and located at the mouth of Fontenelle Creek, where he remained five years and about 1872 returned to Kansas, two years later moving his family to his former location in Wyoming and subsequently changing his abode to Evanston, where his death occurred on October 14, 1890; his faithful companion fol- lowing him to the grave one year later. They were the parents of six children, three living at the present time, R. R. Pomeroy being the second born. He is a native of Clay county, 111., born on January 10, 1844. Reared to agricultural pur- suits he assisted his father as soon as old enough to be of practical service and remained at home until manhood came, when he began life for him- self, choosing husbandry also for his vocation. By utilizing every advantage of the winter terms of school he acquired a familiar knowledge of the branches usually taught. After farming in Kan- sas for four years he came to Wyoming and, in 1874, took up 160 acres of land on Fontenelle Creek, Uinta county, for stockraising purposes. Eater he purchased from time to time contiguous land until his place now embraces 600 acres, nearly all irrigable and constantly increasing in value. Mr. Pomeroy began his stockraising in a modest way but he has built up a very lucrative business, - running now from 300 to 600 head of cattle, in addition to sheep and horses. He raises considerable grain and thus far has met with financial rewards commensurate with the energy and perseverance put forth. His ranch lies in a rich grazing district and abounds in all natural advantages with the added one of the many im- provements he has made. He has a pleasant home, and is well situated to enjoy life and judging by what he has already achieved in a business way his future prosperity is assured. He has ever maintained interest in public affairs 274 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. and is an earnest advocate of internal improve- ments, especially those having direct bearing up- on the development of the country's resources. He discharges the duties of citizenship as be- comes a true American, is loyal to his state and nation, being a sanguine believer in the future of the great west. Since becoming a resident of Uinta county his life has been very closely identi- ed with its interests, and in all probability the community in which he now lives is destined to be his home during the remainder of his earthly pilgrimage. Mr. Pomeroy is a man of strong domestic tastes and does all within his power to make home what it should be, the dearest and happiest spot on earth to himself and those de- pendent upon him. In this laudable aim he is heartily seconded by his good wife who, since their marriage on September 3, 1868, has cooper- ated with him in all of his efforts, not a little of his success being due to her wise counsels and encouragement. Her maiden name was Amanda Mcllvain and she is the daughter of Mills and Rebekah (Stuart) Mcllvain, natives of Dele- ware . and Kentucky, and her marriage t6ok place in Lucas county, Iowa. This worthy couple have had five children, four of whom are now living, Eva V., wife of Cyrus Bowman of Evanston; Fanny, now Mrs. William Tomlinson of Evanston ; Frank J. ; Florence. JOHN WILKINSON. The state of Wyoming, while one of the youngest states in the Union, is one of the rich- est in natural resources, and offers the greatest rewards for energy, pluck and ability. While rich in opportunities and promise, she is richer still in the men who by their skill, foresight and business ability have amassed great fortunes from small and humble beginnings. Wyoming "points with pride" to scores of her leading citizens, who, coming into her territory with lit- tle or no capital save clear heads, strong hands and indomitable courage and perseverance, have built cities and established great business enter- prises with the material which they found ready to their hands. The entire western countv, with its marvelous resources of forest, mine and field, has offered splendid opportunities to the men of daring and intrepid spirit who found conditions in the country farther east less inviting and gener- ous and no section has held out greater promise to the hand of honest endeavor than Wyoming. Among the men of strong character and stead- fast purpose who were attracted to the then ter- ritory of Wyoming, none came with clearer head, firmer judgment, more confidence in the future than John Wilkinson, now of Pine Bluffs, Wyo., who is to-day the largest individ^ nal sheepowner and woolgrower of the state. In 1887, when he first came to Wyoming, he had only a small band and was practically with- out means or financial backing. But he was a man of great energy, industrious and perse- vering, and was neither ashamed or afraid of manual labor. The conspicuous success which has crowned his efforts has not been the resuit of accident or chance. It has been the logical outcome of conditions which he found and of circumstances which he created. The union of these two elements, brought about by his shrewdness, business judgment, mental grasp and keen financial acumen has naturally pro- duced his present prosperity, and established for him one of the largest business enterprises of his state. Coming to Wyoming only a few years ago a poor man, he is now one of the solid and most substantial of the business men of the commonwealth. His great success has been fairly won and is richly deserved. Prac- ticing economy in his younger days, he is now in his maturer years able to enjoy the fruits of his frugality and self-denial. The example of his successful life should furnish a lesson to the young men and women of his state of much greater value than any that can be taught by school or college. It is the lesson of persever- ance, of self-denial, of industry and unswerving integrity. Of the kingdom of Great Britain is John Wilkinson a native, having been born in Yorkshire. Eng., on October 3, 1845. tne son °* Anthony and Alice (Sayer) Wilkinson, both natives of England. His father was for many vcars engaged in successful stockraising and ^L (%~^jc^, PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 275 dairyfarming in Yorkshire, where John, his son, grew to manhood and received his early educa- tion, lived with his parents and aided in the support of the family until he had reached the age of twenty years. From that time until he was twenty-six he worked for wages on differ- ent farms in Yorkshire and at the age of twen- ty-six married, and engaged in stockraising and farming on his own account in the neighbor- hood of his birthplace, being interested in both cattle and sheep. He remained in this industry until 1882, when he came to America, going first to the vicinity of what is now the town of Ansley, Neb., where his brother, Anthony, then largely interested in sheep growing, at that time maintained his residence. There he re- mained until 1887, when he brought a small band of sheep into Wyoming, settling near Archer, but afterward removing to ■ Spring Creek and to the ranch where his son, James R. Wilkinson, now resides.' In 1897 Mr. Wil- kinson established his home at his present resi- dence at Pine Bluffs, and in 1899 ne purchased a fine ranch here, on which he made extensive improvements, enlarging the house and erect- ing new barns and buildings until he has now one of the most comfortable and best equipped country residence properties of the entire state. From small beginnings his holdings have grown until he now owns and controls one of the largest and best paying stock enterprises of the west, being the owner of about 60,000 acres of land in Wyoming, besides a fine stock farm in Hall county, Neb. Since coming to America Mr. Wilkinson has steadily devoted his energies to sheep and woolgrowing. On January 12, 1871, at Yorkshire, Eng., he was tinited in marriage with Miss Deborah Pratt, a daughter of James and Ann Pratt, natives of Yorkshire. Her father was a prosperous farmer and stockraiser and resided in Yorkshire unfil his death. The mother also there lived her life and died at the old home. To Mr. and Mrs. Wilkinson were born eight children, Alice A., James R., Agnes, Isabelle, Margaret, Dora, Elizabeth J. and Ada L. Mrs. Wilkinson passed away on May 13, 1896, having been in the best sense a helpmeet 17 to her husband, assisting him in the building up of their fortune and having raised and educated an interesting family of children. She was in- terred in the city of Cheyenne, and both herself and husband were members of the Protestant Episcopal church. Politically Mr. Wilkinson is affiliated with the Republican party and takes an active interest in all matters affecting the public welfare, although in no sense a politi- cian. Still bearing in affectionate recollection the memory of the land of his nativity, one of the most admirable characteristics of the Eng- lish-speaking race, he is yet a loyal and pa- triotic citizen of the land of his adoption, firm in the conviction that it offers larger rewards for industry and manly .endeavor than any other land in the world. GEORGE B. PARDEE. Born and reared in California, a pioneer of Wyoming in 1881 and having passed his whole life in this part of the world, George B. Pardee, the prominent liveryman, enterpris- ing commercial factor and leading citizen of Thermopolis, is altogether a Western product. For nothing is he indebted to the East, edu- cation, training, habits, tastes or methods of thought, except so far as is incident to the close communication now obtained between every part of our country and every other part, for he was born on December 22, 1854, in Cali- fornia, whither his parents, R. S. and Abbie Pardee, natives of Pennsylvania, came in the great modern Argonautic expedition of 1849. He grew to man's estate and received his edu- cation on his native soil, when he was twenty- one years of age leaving the parental home- ■ stead to seek a new section where his individual hopes might grow and flourish and his enter- prise and thrift might win success. He went to Oregon and locating in the Harney coun- try, began stockraising and farming, which he followed for some years in that country, but his operations were interrupted by the Ban- nock Indian War of that section, in which he bore a conspicuous and gallant part. From 276 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. there he went to the Salmon River country of Idaho and from there to Montana. In 1881 he came to Wyoming and took up his residence on Grey Bull River. He again started a stock industry and conducted it in that locality until 1890, then came to Owl Creek and took up land whereon to continue his stock business, but in 1899 sold out and removed to Thermopo- lis. Here in 1902 he initiated his present enter- prise in the livery line and he has built the busi- ness up to large proportions and furnished him- self with all the necessary appliances for it, his horses being good, and his carriages, buggies, and other properties of the most modern pat- terns, superior quality and always in condition for service. His stables are commodious and well ventilated, while every attention is given to sanitary conditions and other precautions necessary to secure the best results and give his patrons full satisfaction. Mr. Pardee is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fel- lows and also of the Modern Woodmen of America. He is an enterprising and progres- sive citizen, one of the substantial aids to be depended On whenever an effort is to be made towards securing any new element of com- mercial, social or educational force in the com- munity. A western man in every sense, he believes in the West and is willing to back his faith in it with his energy and capital to aid in developing her resources and establishing in- terests of every kind in every line of productive activity. SPENCER EUGENE PHELPS. One of the rising lawyers and mining men of Carbon county, Wyoming, and one who is doing much to develop the resources of this section of the state, is Spencer Eugene Phelps, whose address is Encampment. A native of Iowa, he was born at McGregor, on January 14, 1870, the son of Moses L. Phelps and Erne- line E. Phelps, the former a native of Maine and the latter of Ohio. His father removed his residence in early life from Maine to Wiscon- sin and there engaged in lumbering, but subse- quently removing to Iowa, where he continued in the same pursuit. He made his home in the latter state for a number of years and was suc- cessful in his business operations, but having an opportunity to dispose of his business and property in Iowa to good advantage, he did so and removed to Nebraska, where he again engaged in the same business, and again met with success. Some years ago he retired from active life and is now residing in Nebraska, en- joying the ease and comfort so well earned by his long life of activity and success. Spencer E. Phelps grew to manhood, in Iowa, his na- tive state, and acquired his early academical education in the schools of McGregor, which he attended until he had attained to the age of twelve years. He then attended the high school at Randalia, Iowa, for a number of years, after which he entered the Gibbon Collegiate Insti- tute at Gibbon, Neb., and pursued a thorough course of preparatory study at that institution and being graduated in the class of '89. He then matriculated at the Wesleyan University of Nebraska, took a full course at that leading in- stitution of learning, and was graduated there- from with the class of '94. Desiring to thor- oughly prepare himself for his chosen profession of the law, he then went to Chicago, where he entered the law department of the Lake Forest University and, completing the full two years' course in one year, was graduated in 1895, be- ing then admitted to the bar of the Supreme Court of the state. Returning to the city of Shelton, Neb., he was there admitted to the Nebraska bar and entered upon the practice of his profession. He remained here, engaged in a successful legal practice for five years and by that time he had acquired mining interests in Wyoming which promised so well that he disposed of his business and property in Shel- ton and removed to Wyoming, where he es- tablished himself at the city of Encampment, one of the growing mining and commercial cen- ters of southern Wyoming, and in March, 1900. opened a law office at that place. His mining interests, however, required so much of his time and attention that he associated with himself PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 277 in his legal business, Charles E. Winter, for- merly an attorney of Omaha, Neb., under the firm name of Phelps & Winter. The firm does a large and successful business and are among the leading attorneys of that section of the state. On October 7, 1807, ^ r - Phelps was united in marriage, at Sioux Falls, South Da- kota, with Miss Hermae Sterrett, a daughter of Alonzo H. and Amelia Sterrett, natives of Pennsylvania, and now highly respected resi- dents of Sioux Falls. The domestic life of Mr. and Mrs. Phelps is a very happy one, their home being a center of a gracious and generous hospitality. Fraternally, Mr. Phelps is af- filiated with the Masonic fraternity and with the Order of Modern Woodmen of America, and he takes an active interest in the fraternal life of the community. His mining interests have grown to large proportions and promise to make him one of the wealthy men of that section of the state. He is the secretary and treasurer and a large stockholder of the Calu- met Mining and Milling Co., which owns valua- ble property five miles south of Grand Encamp- ment, about one mile east of the Kuntz-Chat- terton property. He is also the secretary and treasurer of and a large stockholder in the Co- operative Mining and Milling Co., with mines located nine miles southwest of Encampment. The Elk Mountain Mining and Milling Co. is also one of his enterprises, being the secretary and treasurer of that company and largely in- terested in its stock. The property of this com- pany is situated on Elk Mountain, about thirty- six miles from Encampment and seventeen miles southeast of Walcott. It is now shipping ore from this property and the returns are high- ly satisfactory. He also has other important interests, being one of the foremost mining men of that section and the owner of the fine build- ing in which the office of his firm is located, the first building erected with a brick foundation in the city of Encampment. In addition to its law business, the firm of Phelps & Winter repre- sents several of the leading fire insurance com- panies of the country, conducting an extensive business in that line. Mr. Phelps is one of the progressive, energetic and successful young men of southern Wyoming, doing much to de- velop the resources of that rich section of coun- try and to attract the attention of outside capi T tal. Public spirited, enterprising, yet safe and conservative, he is a business power in the com- munity and is destined to become an important factor- in the future history of that portion of Wyoming. FRED PORATH. The great and progressive Prairie State, Illi- nois, once the faraway frontier in the westward course of civilization, but now the busy, produc- tive and commanding empire of the Mississippi Valley, the home of an all-daring, all-enduring, all-conquering people, has contributed of her teeming millions many men of enterprise, in- dustry and skill to the settling and the convert- ing into states of the Great Northwest, helping to transfer the pioneer activities of the army of industrial progress which once camped upon her own fruitful soil to the undeveloped and al- most boundless domain on either slope of the Rocky Mountains and among the number who have borne her name to credit and her influence to worthy ends in the farther West, must be mentioned Fred Porath, a well-to-do and enter- prising farmer and stockman of near Bighorn, Sheridan county, Wyoming. His life began in Illinois on April 29, 1877, his parents, Charles and Bertha Porath, having settled in that state on their arrival in this country from Germany, where thev were born and reared. There he grew to manhood, received a limited education in the public schools and learned to use his head and his hands to advantage in the struggle for supremacy among men. When he was ap- proaching his legal majority, he heard the voice of the farther West calling for volunteers to aid in subduing her wild conditions to systematic fruitfulness and joined the detachment of her recruits then on the march to the Black Hills of South Dakota. There he engaged in mining, thereafter in 1896 coming to Wyoming, locat- ing near Newcastle and for six years in that 2/8 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. vicinity he applied his service to others and to his own advantage, rapidly learning the lessons of thrift and skill required in the sheep industry. In 1902 he took up. his residence in Sheridan county on land he took up for the purpose, and began farming. His ranch near Bighorn, in the extent and character of the improvements he has made and the state of cultivation to which he has brought it, gives evidence of the dili- gence of application he inherited from his Ger- man ancestry and of the enterprise he has de- veloped in America. In 1902 Mr. Porath was married at Sheridan to- Mrs. Verlinna Valen- tine, also a native 'of Illinois, like himself a pioneer in Wyoming. He has not sought pub- lic notice or political preferment, but has given his energies to the faithful discharge of the daily duties of his life, thereby rendering his due measure of service to his kind and his com- munity. But he has ignored no enterprise for the advancement of the county in which his lot is cast and has given in his quiet way the ex- ample and the incentive to be found in the life of a good citizen. Fraternally, he is connected with the Knights of Pythias and takes an earn- est interest in the welfare of the order and the proceedings of his lodge. MRS. SARAH ELIZABETH REEL. Alexander H. Reel, (deceased) was in his day one of the most enterprising and daring of the oldtime drovers and cattledealers that ever crossed the American desert. He was born in Jacksonville, 111., in 1837 an d m the early sixties left his native state and engaged in freighting from Omaha, Neb., to Salt Lake City, Utah, via Denver, Colo., and finally located in Cheyenne, Wyoming, where for thirty-three years he made his headquarters as a cattledealer and drover, making twenty-one trips from Omaha to Salt Lake City and fighting Indians all the way. His escapes from death were many and a record of his desperate and sanguinary conflicts with the bloodthirsty and treacherous wild men of the plains, and with the almost equally bloodthirsty white desperadoes of the same region, would oc- cupy a greater space than can be here afforded. On his settling in Wyoming permanently Mr. Reel took up a desert claim six miles southeast of La Barge P. O., Uinta county in 1890, and there his death took place in October, 1900. He was one of the most prominent Democrats of the ter- ritory and state of Wyoming, and did as much as any man in his day to bring the territory within the sisterhood of the states. Being exceedingly popular, he was elected to every office within the gift of his constituents, notwithstanding that he was a dyed-in-the-wool Democrat. His intellect and personal magnetism seemed to overcome all opposition on the part of his adversaries and vic- tory seemed to find an inevitable restingplace on the standard of his party when he bore it aloft. Thirteen times was he chosen to represent the people in the lower house of the State Legisla- ture, and twice was he sent to the Wyoming State Senate, and had his life been prolonged he would, beyond a doubt, have ascended to still higher positions within the gift of Wyoming citizens, for his election was ever a guarantee of an honest, capable and faithful discharge of every duty pertaining to the office. He always en- deavored to be of service to his fellow citizens, and in the less prominent but useful offices of a member of the Cheyenne city council and mayor of the city, he acquired a most enviable reputa- tion. Of German descent, he possessed all the tenacity of purpose which characterized his father, Alexander Reel, who was a native of Virginia and a true descendant of the sturdy Teutonic race. His widow, Mrs. Sarah Eliza- beth Reel, still resides on the Reel homestead east of La Barge, where she is managing in a most capable manner the estate which is now her property. She was born in Missouri and was married to A. H. Reel in 1869, being a daugh- ter of Edward and Ibby (Strong) Davison, the former of whom was a native of Kentucky. Ed- ward Davison was one of the early pioneers of the West, having proceeded to California in 1849 a "d he died there in 1850. regretfully mourned by the very many warmhearted friends whom his genial temper and other manly qual- ities had closely drawn to his side. Mrs. Ibby PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 279 (Strong) Davidson was also born and married in Kentucky, and after the death of Mr. Davi- son she married Mr. George Manning and died in Colorado in 1871 in the faith of the Christian church, of which ,she had long been a consistent and prominent member, her remains being in- terred at Monument, Colo. She left to mourn .her loss eight children. Mrs. Sarah Elizabeth Reel is mother of two sons, Hector Sidney, (who went to Florida in the winter of 1902-3 for his health and there died in St. Augustine on Jan- uary 4, 1903,) and Charles Alexander. GEORGE REDMAN. If extensive travel and varied employment gives experience in the affairs of life, George Redman, a resident of Green River, Sweetwater county, Wyoming, is one of the best posted men in the West. He was born in Germany in 1843, a son °f Michael and Maria (Russman) Redman. The father, a son of Jacob and Mary Redman, a farmer by vocation, served the usual length of military service in the Prussian army and died in 1841 at the early age of thirty-eight years, in the faith of the Catholic church, his remains being interred in Bavaria, of which country his wife was a native and where she died at the age of thirty-two, also in the same faith. George Redman was but two years of age when he was bereft of his mother, and he was then placed in charge of a guardian, Andrew Kusdsfes, with whom he lived on a farm until he had attained the age of seventeen years, when he went to Lor and learned the baker's trade. Thirty months later he went to Witts- burg, Bavaria, and worked at his trade for two months, then went to Bamberg, where he wrought one year, then was in Baden for one more year and then for seven years he was in Swinefurt. In 1867 he came to the United States and for two years was occupied at his trade in Cincinnati, Ohio ; then he passed one month in Platte Center, Neb., and came to Wyoming, whence after two weeks in Cheyenne he returned to Cincinnati, staying there one year and coming back to Wyoming, he located at Bryan and there followed railroad work for three years. From Bryan Mr. Redman came to Green River and opened a saloon, which he successfully conducted ten years, and then en- gaged in ranching on Henry's Fork for one year, thence returning to Green River and opening a bakery and general store, which he conducted for ten years, when he entered the employ of the Union Pacific Railroad and work- ed for that company until the strike of 1894. The enterprising Mr. Redman then went to Rock Springs and opened a boarding-house, which he prosperously conducted two years, and then came back to Green River, where he has worked for the Union Pacific ever since. He was united in marriage in 1873 with Miss Mary Wartmann, a native of Bavaria, Germany, but this lady was called from earth about 1899 at the age of fifty-seven years, being in the faith of the Catholic church, and she left to mourn her loss, five children beside her husband, namely, Mary, Mrs. Frank Motch ; George, Jr. ; Louisa ; Clara; Rosa. George Redman is naturally a man of great energy and a good citizen, and in 1901 he served on the United States grand jury. In politics he is a Republican, but has never sought public office, and the family is highly es- teemed by their neighbors, with whom they live in quiet and friendship. DAVID H. REESE. David H. Reese, proprietor of the Star Val- ley Hotel at Afton, Uinta county, and of the livery and feed-stable attached thereto, the lead- ing enterprise of its kind in the town, has had a varied experience, being essentially and whol- ly a product of the Northwest. He was born on November 25, i860, at Logan, Utah, where his parents, David and Martha (Eynon) Reese, have lived since 1857. They came to Utah from Wales, where they were born and reared, in 1853. Tbe father built the first house in what is now the city of Logan, and the mother was the first white woman of that vicinity. The elder Reese also built the first house of enter- tainment of Logan, the Reese Opera House, 280 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. and by his public spirit and enterprise gave such an impetus to the growth of the place as to make its progress sure and continuous. Both are now passing the evening of their lives in the city where their labors have abundantly fructified around them, secure in the high re- gard and esteem of the entire community. Mr. Reese's mother, grandmother of David H. Reese, nee Ann Hopkins, followed her son to Utah in 1864 after the death of her husband. David H. Reese was one of five children, of whom all but one are living. He was educated at Logan and Provo, Utah, attending the Brig- ham Young Academy for a short time at the conclusion of the public school course, and then engaged in range riding for a number of years. He first came to Wyoming in 1879, driving cat- tle through the territory and passing over sev- eral uninhabited tracts where large and pros- perous cities now stand. He also railroaded for several years, and in 1887 he entered the employ of the U. S. government at Ft. McKinney, after six years of faithful service there being trans- ferred to Fort Custer in Montana and being in the same employment at that post for two or three years. He was next engaged for a short time in the electrical construction and supply business in Butte, from there went to Mont- pelier, Idaho, and conducted a grocery store in that town until 1898, when he came again to Wyoming and worked at various occupations at Afton and Kemmerer until 1901. Among the things he did during this time was to assist in the construction of the Bell electric line be- tween Glencoe and Oakley. In 1901 he took up land at the junction of John Gray's River and the Snake River. This he has greatly im- proved and raised in value, making it one of the most desirable in the neighborhood. He also owns real-estate at Auburn and Kemmerer in Wyoming and at Logan in Utah, and has some stock on the ranges. As proprietor of the Star Valley Hotel he has made an excellent reputa- tion as a boniface of wisdom and skill, with a full and accurate knowledge of the human ani- mal, man, and the proper means of catering to his comfort. His hostelry is excellent for the town and has a wide popularity among those modern knights errant, the commercial tour- ists, who seek its entertainment whenever they come this way, and with the public generally. In fraternal relations Mr. Reese is connected with the Order of Eagles, holding his member- ship in the lodge at Kemmerer. He was mar- ried at Miles City, Mont., in 1895, to Miss Gus- sie Greisenbeck, a native of Chicago and a daughter of William Greisenbeck, a prominent butcher. Their only child, David H., died in infancy, and the mother died in October, 1897, and was laid to rest at Logan, Utah. In 1898 Mr. Reese contracted a second marriage, being then united with Mrs. W. D. Rimes of Paris, Idaho, where the marriage was solemnized on May 24. ■ The second Mrs. Reese was the wid- ow of W. D. Rimes, and the daughter of George and Celestia (Greene) Davis of Auburn, and by her first marriage she had three children, John R., Myrtle and Lillie. She is a model land- lady, ably and industriously seconding her hus- band's efforts to make their hotel a good one, and supplementing them with care, diligence and attention. WILLIAM H. RHEIN. In many parts of America the thrifty and resolute German has left his mark as a pro- ductive and improving force, first in the older states and later in the new ones, as the tide of immigration has steadily advanced toward the setting sun. A scion of this race, who has con- tributed substantially to the progress and de- velopment of two great states in the American Union, is William H. Rhein of Lander, the third mayor of the town and one of its most esteemed and useful citizens. In the old German city of Reading, Pa., he first saw the light of day on November 5, 1850, his parents, Henry R. and Emma R. (Swartzwelder) Rhein were Pennsylvanians, being persons of consequence and standing in their community, where the father was an industrious cabinetmaker and a skilled accountant. After years of usefulness, in Reading, he transported his family across the PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 281 Alleghanies and a part of the great Mississippi Valley to Burlington, Iowa, where he worked and prospered, and, in 1887 died. There the mother is still living, secure in the respect and esteem of all who know her, being more than seventy-five years old. Their son, William, was one of seven children, three of whom are still living, the others being his sister Susan and his brother John E. Rhein, who has been treasurer of Des Moines county, Iowa, continuously for sixteen years. William was educated in the public schools of Burlington, Iowa, and after leaving school learned the trade of a tinner. In the spring of 1880 he removed to Denver, Colo., and there passed nearly four years, working at his trade during the winter months and pros- pecting in the summer. In the autumn of 1883 he changed his base of operations to Cheyenne, Wyo., and after three years of diligence at his trade came to Lander and opened a business enterprise as a partner and the foreman for Messrs. Arp & Hammond of Cheyenne. Since then Mr. Hammond has retired from the firm. The establishment is one of the largest and best stocked hardware and grocery emporiums in the Northwest, a special feature of its busi- ness being a department of machinery, which is justly celebrated for its comprehensiveness and completeness. The home of this progres- sive commercial entity is a large brick building, furnished and equipped with all the latest appli- ances, so arranged as to afford the greatest con- venience for the proper display and handling of its wares. Mr. Rhein, although devoted to his business and desirous of achieving the largest and best results in it, does not allow it to en- gross all of his time, for he gives a due share of attention to social matters and public affairs, seeking recreation from the sterner duties of life in the pleasing embraces of the fraternal orders. He was the instigator and one of the charter members of Lander Lodge, No. 10, Knights of Pythias, and is also actively identi- fied with the Uniform Rank of the order, and is at present one of the trustees of the lodge. He is also an enthusiastic Freemason, being a member of Wyoming Lodge, No. 2, having been the high priest of the local chapter and the eminent commander of Hugh de Payert Commandery, No. 7. On February 14, 1884, he was married in Burlington, Iowa, with Miss Eliza W. Mercer, a daughter of William and Sarah Mercer of that city. They have one child, Horace W. Rhein, and both are active members of the Episcopal church. THOMAS H. ROBERTS. Thomas H. Roberts, a prominent merchant and stockman of Afton, Uinta county, Wyoming, was born on Dcember 4, 1852, at Derby, Derby- shire, England, from whence his parents, Samuel and Mary (Peat) Roberts emigrated to the United States in the early sixties and in 1866 came across the plains to Wyoming by ox teams. Thomas was the oldest of their children, and received the greater part of his education in the district schools of his native land, after his ar- rival in America began his apprenticeship to the printer's trade, and after completing it worked at his trade on the Deseret News of Salt Lake City for more than twenty years, thus enlarging a scholastic education which had necessarily been limited and insufficient. In 1889 he gave up print- ing and engaged in mercantile business in com- pany with his brother, Arthur. The partnership continued seven years when it was peaceably dis- solved, and since then Thomas has been conduct- ing the business alone. He carries a large and varied stock of general merchandise, well-selected and up-to-date in every respect, and does a thriv- ing business. He is also interested in a leading way in the stock industry, and owns a fine ranch near Auburn, and is at this writing, building a large creamery near Afton, Wyo. In business he is energetic and progressive, in public local af- fairs active, enterprising and broad-minded and in social and church work influential, popular and effective. While not seeking official station of any kind, his administrative ability and genius for affairs have made him school trustee and treasurer for the district in which he lives and also a member of the Afton city council. In all these positions he is proving the wisdom of the 282 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. choice, rendering satisfactory service. At Salt Lake City, on September 22, 1873, Mr. Roberts was united in marriage with Miss Sidonie Bunot, a native of Switzerland and a daughter of Joseph and Adelaide (Perrenoud) Bunot, who emigrated to Utah in 1862. The father was of French an- cestry and the mother of Swiss. Mr. and Mrs. Roberts have had thirteen children, nine of whom are living. The living are : Edgar T. and Carl, both married and living at Afton, and Ernest P., Frank, Haworth, Florence, Grace, William and Clarence, living at home. Those deceased are Samuel and Joseph, twins, the latter dying in infancy and the former being killed at the age of thirteen at Salt Lake City, Mabel, who died at Afton aged eight years and Albert, who died here aged two years. In every branch of the good work of their church Mr. and Mrs. Roberts take an active part and the force of their in- fluence and activity is felt all along the line. Mr. Roberts is president of the Stake choir and con- ducts its affairs with excellent judgment and discrimination. Here, as. in his own business and his official positions, he is wise, vigorous, progressive and conscientious, impelled by a sense of duty and guided by discretion and breadth of view. MARCELLUS L. SAWIN. . The pioneers of the great United States in the northwest were heroes in war, privation and adversity of every kind, and princes in prosper- ity, whether or not fame has blazoned their names abroad or courtly habiliments have clothed them'. They endured whatever befell them with courage, they accomplished whatever they undertook with a good measure of success, they recognized every proper man as a friend and brother and treated him as such, sharing with all who were in need what they had for themselves and per- mitting no one to be in want while supplies were obtainable for themselves. This is written in the past tense, for the race alluded to has well nigh past away, and the conditions of life are altogether different from what they were when the oldtimer held sway in every section. Fate has spared some of them yet to give to their fel- lows of a later day the benefit of their narratives of times past and the force of their impressive examples, although they claim no superiority, but are as modest about their worth as they were resolute in periods of peril in showing it in action. To this class of fast-fading heroes and men of mighty conquests belongs Marcellus L. Sawin of Sheridan county, Wyoming, who has reached the limit of human life as fixed by the sacred writer, but is still preserved in vigor and good spirits to see the fruits of his time of strenuous activity blooming and flourishing around him. He was born in Adams county. 111., on March 15, 1833, and .in that state his parents, Isaac and Elizabeth (Paine) Sawin were early pioneers. He was a native of New York and she of Ohio. They reached Quincy at the very be- ginning of its history and built the first house in the town. There the father engaged in mercan- tile business and farming until 1842, when they removed to Brown county, Kan., where the father died in 1857, on his farm. The mother survived until 1890. In 1849 Isaac Sawin went to California, his son Marcellus accompanying him and in that country of golden sands they remained one year. Mr. Sawin of this review looks upon this trip as one of the most valued experiences of his life, for they went across the plains with ox teams, returning by the Isthmus of Panama. They had a perilous trip down the Sacramento 'River in a pirogue, passing through the Giant's Causeway and barely escaping with their lives. They were warned by an Indian on the river's bank that there was danger ahead, but did not realize what terrible danger they were encountering until they were on the brink of a roaring cataract, which they passed over safely, but they saw several dead bodies lodged in the brush below and learned afterwards that nine men had there lost their lives a few days before. Marcellus L. Sawin was educated principally in the schools of Galesburg, 111., and accompany- ing his parents to Kansas when he was twenty- one years old assisted his father on the farm until the death of the latter. He then personally took charge of the farm for his mother and long con- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 283 ducted its operations. In 1859 he was drawn unto Colorado by the Pike's Peak excitement. Denver then being but a city of tents. In 1865 he made his home near Golden City, Colo., and carried on a farm for five years. For the next ten years he was engaged in his favor- ite pursuit of cultivating the soil near Fort Collins in the same state. In 1880 he came to northern Wyoming and located on a ranch on Prairie Dog Creek four and one-half miles east of Sheridan, where he lived and worked as a farmer and fruitgrower and also raised stock until May, 1902. He then sold the place and is making for himself another home wherein to pass the evening of his days in peace and pleasantness after all his toil and trials, and in the midst of the scenes and associations which have been hallowed by his fruitful labors. Agri- culture has not solely occupied his energies, for in various fields of industrial endeavor he has made his mark, being at the present writing secretary and treasurer of the Sheridan Commercial Co., a wholesale and retail mercantile corporation. He was married at Fort Collins, Colo., on Decem- ber 31, 1876, to Miss Clara J. Barlow, a native of Massachusetts and a daughter of James and Sarah (Stone) Barlow, also natives of that state and early settlers and prosperous farmers of Colorado. Mr. and Mrs. Sawin have five chil- dren, Elizabeth, Franklin O., Bertha, Alice and Laura. Mr. Sawin has always been a zealous Republican, active at all times in the local affairs of his county and in the general politics of the state and nation. He stands high in the esteem of his neighbors and acquaintances, and is held in cordial regard as one of the best citizens of his section, a fine type of the real oldtimer. EDWARD T. ST. JOHN. Having been one of the pioneers of western Wyoming and among the early arrivals in the state, reaching Laramie when there was but one log building in that now prosperous city, Edward T. St. John has seen the growth and development of this promising commonwealth from a very humble beginning to its present substantial and expanding prosperity and has contributed his due share to the gratifying con- ditions that now obtain. It was on January 12, 1844, in the state of Indiana, then practically as undeveloped as Wyoming is now, that his life began, where his parents, Edward T. and Percis (Sampson) St. John, natives of New York, had settled soon after their marriage and they were there living the life of comfortable farmers when in 1852 the father crossed the plains to California, engaged in mining with moderate success and remained on the Pacific coast until his death in 1894. Of his six chil- dren two are living. Edward T. was attending the public schools in Illinois when the Civil War broke out, and although he was less than eighteen years old, he promptly enlisted in de- fense of the Union, becoming a member of Co. I, Tenth Illinois Cavalry, on October 26, 1861, serving in this regiment until December 31, 1864, and during his service he confronted the unrolling columns of a determined foe on many a hard-fought field. When he was mustered out he engaged in mechanical work for a year in a shop in Illinois and then came west, locat- ing in Wyoming in 1868 and passing a year teaming in Laramie, when, as has been noted, there was but one log building in the town. From there he came to the South Pass mining district and followed mining two years. In 1872 he removed to Lander and began a suc- cessful career as a farmer and stockraiser, which is still in progress on his two ranches near the town, one comprising 260 acres of superior hay and grain land and the other six- ty-five acres adjoining the town on the south- east. Mr. St. John is a member of Thomas A. McCoy Post, G. A. R., and has served his peo- ple in various public capacities, notably as dep- uty sheriff of the county. During his tenure of this office he assisted in a dangerous and skill- ful arrest of a noted band of Black Hills high- waymen and robbers, and in their safe conduct to secure and proper custody. He was married at Lander on July 16, 1877, to Mrs. Elizabeth Bowman, widow of John Bowman, and a Mis- sourian bv birth. They have had five children, 284 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. of whom four are living, Edward A . married and a prosperous farmer of Fremont county, and Dee, Percis B. and Addison A., living at home. By her first marriage Mrs. St. John had two children, Zada, now the wife of S. A. Bith- ell, and Franklin, both residents of Fremont county. In addition to his ranch business Mr. St. John conducts a thriving mercantile busi- ness on Main street in the city in one of the numerous business properties belonging to him. ELI SAXTON. We take little heed of the passage of time when our memory reverts to those whom Prov- idence in inscrutable wisdom has connected with our lives and destinies for a series of years, and then suddenly calls them away from places of fina'ncial trust and management, where their services seemed invaluable, from social posi- tions of the noblest character, where their lives and actions were daily inspiring new hopes, new ambitions and new endeavors for the upraising of humanity, from cherished homes, where their loyal tenderness, helpfulness and affection were exercising their noblest powers in the comfort of their families and in their potent influence in raising their children in the fear of the Lord. The long, far-reaching distances of many years is covered in an instant and we are with the dear departed once more and in their presence. The late Eli Saxton of Almy, Wyoming, was one of that class and in the preparation of this volume it seems most fitting to include a brief record of the man, his attainments and his per- sonal relations, that something may be pre- served in durable form to hand his name down to coming generations as an example of the good qualities we have heretofore mentioned. He was born in Derbyshire, England, on Feb- ruary 2, 1846, the son of Thomas and Rebecca (Slater) Saxton, the father being born in 1822 and the mother in 1827, both coming of families that for many generations have occupied Eng- lish soil. Brought up to habits of industry and thrift and educated as well as the exigencies of the period afforded, Mr. Saxton early became interested in the doctrines of the Church of the Latter Day Saints and accompanied a party to the promised land of Utah in 1864. He here became identified with coal mining, with which he was prosperously connected in Utah until 1883, when he made his home at Almy, Wyo., continuing the same vocation until 1888, when, purchasing a ranch, he passed his closing years in the development of his rural home. He was not spared long to enjoy communion with Mother Nature in this agreeable occupation, as his death occurred on October 8, 1890. Dur- ing his residence in Utah he was often called to be a soldier in the fierce Indian wars of that time, and bore himself most valiantly in this hazardous service. He possessed a deeply re- ligious nature and was a highly valued worker in the ranks of the Mormon church, aiding and fostering its religious and beneficent work. His marriage with Miss Martha H. Moore, a daugh- ter of Wright A. and Helen (Palmer) Moore, a most estimable lady, whose exertions in the care of her family and in the practical duties of life have caused her to receive the universal praise of the community. She was born in Cache county, Utah, in 1864, of parents who were among the earliest English emigrants to Utah. She maintains her residence on the homestead ranch and manifests a truly western hospitality. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Sax- ton are ten in number : Thomas W., Uilate M., deceased; Elizabeth, deceased; Eli B., deceased; Elijah B., Philip R., Angelo M., Eli M., Wright T. and Helen, deceased. GEORGE W. SCOTT. Born and reared at Georgetown, District of Columbia, on the banks of the historic Poto- mac, where the life of the nation centers, and which was during the Civil War an almost un- broken line of battle, having served his country in the signal corps and weather bureau in many places, George W. Scott of this service and an artistic photographer at Lander, has a wide and varied experience. His birth occurred on March 21, 1854, a son of John and Sarah C. PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 285 (Bingey) Scott, the father a native of Washing- ton, D. C, and the mother of New Jersey, the father being a prominent merchant in the Fed- eral City, where he died in 1897 at the age of eighty, his wife having preceded him to the grave in 1863, when she was but thirty-si-x. Of their eight children, but two are living, John T., an honored official in the National Museum at Washington, and George W., who was edu- cated in the public schools of the District of Columbia, and with a course of business train- ing at Duff's Commercial College at Pittsburg, Pa. Later he worked in the glass factories at Pittsburg, making good wage's, although he was but fifteen years old, and learned the paint- er's trade, at which he worked for five years. He then joined the U. S. signal service, and after passing through its school of instruction he was stationed successively at Pittsburg, Washington, Philadelphia, New York, Duluth, Bismark, N. D., Fort Bennett and Deadwood, S. D., where he quit the service and engaged in the photograph business in 1883. He passed four years in the business in that city, and then reentering the signal service was stationed at Omaha for seven months and thereafter at Deadwood until that station was abandoned in 1888, when he was sent to Bismark, then to Fort Yates, N. D., for three }^ears, and from there in 1891 to reopen the abandoned station at Yankton and take charge of the weather bu- reau at that place, where he remained three years, going thence to Des Moines, Iowa, for a short time and finally in 1894 coming to Lan- der as the head of the bureau of that brisk young city. Soon after coming here he started a photographic business and leased the tele- graph line and has conducted both of these es- tablishments almost continuously since then. He has the only photograph gallery for the pat- ronage of Lander and many miles of adjacent territory, and by his skill and attention to busi- ness has secured a large and profitable trade. He is a progressive and enterprising man, earn- estly devoted to the welfare of his country, and finding its best security in the proper adminis- tration of local affairs, in these he takes great interest. He is president of the city board of education, an officer in the National Guard of the state, being the captain of Co. B, and the popular observer of the Lander weather bureau. He belongs to the Ancient Order of United Workmen in Yankton and to the Woodmen of the World in Lander. On January 12, 1885, he was married at Deadwood with Miss Kittie A. Wilson, a daughter of James A. and Sarah M. (Edwards) Wilson, natives of Michigan. They have five children, Lee E., George E., James, Ruth A. and Lew. Both parents are active members of the Methodist Episcopal church and Mr. Scott is a gentleman of prop- erty, a progressive and enlightened citizen, a faithful and capable official, an accomplished artist, the family being welcome additions to all social circles. His residence on Lincoln street is one of the comfortable and attractive homes of the town. JAMES S. SIMPSON. Born and reared in the farther west and studying and following at different times various pursuits, James S. Simpson, now of Jackson, Uinta county, illustrates in his career and char- acter the wonderfully fruitful conditions of life in this part of the country and the versatility of the American mind, which can mold a shapely des- tiny out of any plastic environment that fate may fling around it. His life began at Denver, Colo., on July 26, 1875, a son of John P. and Marga- ret S. '(Sullivan) Simpson, early settlers in the state of whom more extended mention is made in the sketch of their son, William L. Simpson, on another page of this volume. James S. Simpson began his education at Loveland and Denver, Colo., and finished it at Lander, Wyo., where he rode the range, studied law and phar- macy and was deputy-postmaster. During his residence in Lander, intervening between his range-riding and his permanent removal to the Jackson Hole country, he attended school, studied law one winter, that of 1892-3, and in 1894 and 1895 studied pharmacy. Later, in 1896 and 1897 he was the assistant postmaster 286 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMIXG. under S. A. L. Reuter, his brother-in-law, for nearly nine months. Between his school life and his connection with the postoffice his services were in demand as a highly capable and respon- sible guide. In 1889, when he was but fourteen years old he first came to the Wind River country and there rode the range with cattle. In 1893 he came to Jackson Hole and since his permanent residence here has acted as guide for hunting parties, an occupation which is agreeable to him and in which he still engages. In 1897 he took up the place of 240 acres of good pasture and hay land on which he lived until recently and de- voted the greater part of his energies to its de- velopment and improvement. He also owned a house and ten acres of land in Jackson, and gave to both properties the care of a judicious owner, until his sale of all, excepting one acre near the townsite, on which he has a nice building spot. On March 12, 1899, he married Miss Edith M. Younger, a native of Kansas but reared in Indi- ana, where her parents, William and Dora M. (Dowdy) Younger, were born and are now liv- ing. Mr. and Mrs. Simpson have one child, their daughter Helen May. GEORGE H. SMITH. George H. Smith, member of the firm of Slane & Smith, that conducts one of the leading mercantile enterprises in the town of Ther- mopolis, Fremont county. Wyoming, is a typi- cal pioneer, having all the characteristics of the class in his make-up, and of all its daring and achievement to his credit. He came to Wyo- ming when it was a portion of Dakota, before any continued or systematic lines of survey or civilization had been established within its bor- ders. The frontier and the frontier life was to his taste, and he cheerfully relinquished cul- tivated society for the opportunity of having communion with its wild forms of nature. And here he has remained continuously since his first arrival in t868, identifying himself with the advancing development of the section and. content with the pleasures and comforts which it affords, seeks no renewal of his former con- nection with the outside world. For twenty- six years he has not seen a railroad nor cared for a glimpse of the crowded East with all its boasted triumphs of art and taste and progress. He was born in Germany in 1839, and when he was twelve years old he went to sea as a cabin bov, rising there by merit to the position of able seaman, and for ten years he was at the mercy of wind and wave, going to almost even- part of the world. In 1861, at the beginning of our Civil War, his vessel was blockaded at Xew Orleans and soon after he enlisted in the Thirty-first Louisiana Infantry, C. S. A. He remained in the service until his capture at the battle of Jonesboro, being then taken to Chi- cago and was confined until the close of the war. When he was released in 1865 he came west to Utah and remained there until 1868. In that year he came to Wyoming and, locating at South Pass, engaged in mining for a short time. From there he removed to near the present site of Lander, taking up land and starting in stockraising and farming. This enterprise he continued until 1877, when he moved to Fort Washakie and conducted a dairy farm until 1880. The next ten years were passed on Owl Creek in farming and stockraising. In the hard winter of 1886 he lost heavily, but still con- tinued his operations until 1890. in the mean- time carrying on a merchandising business and serving as postmaster at Embar. In 1890 he took charge of a hotel at Lander and conducted it for two years, then lived on a ranch at Red Canyon until 1897. when he took up his resi- dence at Thermopolis and. in partnership with Air. Slane, opened the business they are now conducting. Air. Smith owns the block in which this store is conducted and other valuable property in the town, being much esteemed as one of the community's most substantial and enterprising citizens. He was married at Lander in T875 to ATrs. Lin C. Fairfield, a native of Ohio. In his eventful career he has had many a brush with the Indians, at times has had diffi- culty to get off unhurt, but through all dan- gers and privations he has stuck to the frontier. helping greatly to make the state of Wyoming PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 2S7 what it is today. Seeking no prominence or honors for himself, he is yet at the front in be- half of any improvement to the town or county, always willing to give time and effort to se- cure its safe and healthy establishment. Such men are the bone and sinew of a community, the ones on which it must rely for enduring life, activity and its real growth. Though others may be the architects they are the real builders of towns and states. HYRUM SMITH. The chronicles of the Mormon church, if they were published, would show examples of heroic endurance, arduous struggle, unquailing courage, unyielding self-reliance, inexhaustible resourcefulness, and most triumphant success of every kind, equal to those of any other people in human history. To this great organization, which firmly planted its advancing foot in the wilderness when driven from the boundaries of civilization by the mailed hand of unreasoning persecution, there setting up its altars and es- tablishing its homes, carving a new dominion of surpassing excellence out of the most un- promising conditions, belongs Hyrum Smith, now of LaBarge, Uinta county, Wyoming, and in his life and work he exemplifies its sterling and most commendable traits. His life began at Salt Lake City on February 22, 1853, whither his parents, W. J. and Mary A. (Frear) Smith, had come from England, their land of their nativ- ity and the home of their ancestors, among the first settlers in Utah. They were prominent in church work, the father being an officer in the councils of the church for many years, and they had ten children, of whom six are living. Hyrum Smith has the usual experience of coun- trv boys on the frontier — a limited attendance at the public schools of his neighborhood, plenty of work to do on the farm and at other occupations, and the expanding aspirations in- cident to a new and undeveloped territory. On leaving school he engaged in the sheep industry in his native state for fifteen years, then, in 1889, came to Wyoming and bought the place on which he has since resided near LaBarge. It consists of 1,000 acres of good hay and graz- ing land, and has been well improved for the purposes of the stock industry, in which he is extensively engaged. Until the spring of 1902 he had an average of 1,000 head of cattle, but then sold them and turned his attention to raising horses, which he is still doing on an ascending scale and with promise of abundant success. On January 31, 1888, at the great Mormon metropolis, Mr. Smith and Miss Susan Garrett were united in marriage. She was born in England, and in 1866 accompanied her par- ents, William and Maria (May cock) Smith, to the United States, from the Atlantic coast where they landed coming to Utah, crossing the plains by means of ox teams, and experi- encing the apprehension and risking the dan- gers, if not actually suffering the horrors of at- tack by wild beasts and wilder men. Mr. and Mrs. Smith have four children, Jean L., Quest, Grace and Pearl. HON. ROBERT SMITH. To present in connected detail the leading facts in the life of one of Wyoming's distin- guished men and throw light upon some of his more prominent characteristics is the task in hand in order to place before the reader the following brief biography of Hon. Robert Smith of Rock Springs. Since 1873 he has been ac- tively identified with the political and industrial history of the state, winning a conspicuous place in public affairs and impressing his strong per- sonality upon the community where for a quar- ter of a century he has been a forceful factor in directing thought and molding opinion. He is descended from a long line of sturdy Scotch ancestors and inherits many of the sterling vir- tues for which that people have long been noted. His father, Robert Smith, was born in the Highlands of Scotland, where during the- greater part of his life he had charge of a large landed estate near the place of his birth. He possessed excellent qualities of head and heart, enjoyed distinctive prestige as an intelligent, 288 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. energetic man of affairs and died in 1865, when sixty years of age. He was a son of James Smith, also a native of the Highlands and a farmer by occupation. Barbara Abercrombie, who became the wife of Robert Smith, Sr., and the mother of Hon. Robert Smith, was the daughter of John Abercrombie, a farmer and sheepraiser, who lived and died in Scotland. Robert Smith of this review was born on May 1, 1848, in Aberdeen, Scotland, and spent the years of his childhood and youth on his native heath. After receiving a preliminary education in the schools of Braemar and Banff he entered the academy at Fordyce, Banffshire, from which he was graduated in 1864 and immediate- ly thereafter accepted a position with the pub- lishing house of William McKenzie, Glasgow. After remaining in that gentleman's employ for two or three years he resigned his position and went into the shipping house of Hutchinson & Brown, with which he continued three years, leaving the firm while holding the responsible position of cashier. Mr. Smith next went to London, England, where for four years he held the position of correspondent with the firm of Sir Charles Price & Co. Severing his connec- tion with that company he decided to go to America, and in 1873 he left the old world and in due time reached his destination, proceeding direct to Uinta county, Wyo., where he ac- cepted the position of cashier with the Rocky Mountain Coal and Iron Co., having headquar- ters at Almy. He continued in that capacity about three years, when he went to Salt Lake City and engaged in silver mining in the Stock- ton district, but did not long remain there, re- turning to Wyoming in the latter part of 1877. In 1880 Mr. Smith entered the field of journal- ism by starting at Green River the Sweetwater Gazette, a weekly paper devoted to local and state interests. The venture proved successful and within a comparatively short time a large number of subscribers were secured, also a lib- eral advertising patronage. The Gazette soon became the official organ of Sweetwater county and was a recognized power in local and state politics. It continued its periodical visits under the original caption until 1887, when the plant was moved to Rock Springs, fifteen miles east of Green River, in the same county, the name being changed to the Miner, and as such it has since been published under the able manage- ment of Mr. Smith. The Miner has come rap- idly to the front as one of the strongest and best edited local sheets in the state, and is an ardent exponent of the principles of the Repub- lican party. Neither time nor pains have been been spared to make it a welcome visitor to its patrons, and its editor and publisher easily ranks with the most successful newspaper men of the West. He has long been recognized among his contemporaries as possessing ability of a high order, wielding a polished and trench- ant pen, being thoroughly informed upon the political history of parties and familiar with the great questions of the times, national and inter- national. His editorials have now wide pub- licity, while upon all matters of controversy he is considered a formidable though courteous antagonist, never stooping to personal attacks nor resorting to anything savoring of undig- nified journalism. Mechanically, the Miner is a model of neatness and typographical art, and as the office is well supplied with the latest mod- ern appliances, the plant has become one of the most valuable newspaper properties in this sec- tion of the country. Through the medium of his paper and otherwise, Mr. Smith has long been a potent force in state politics. In 1S75 he served in the lower house of the General Assembly and in 1887 represented Sweetwater county in 1 the Territorial Council. His record as a lawmaker justified his constituents in the wis- dom of their choice, as he succeeded in bring- ing about much needed legislation, prominent among which was the Mechanics' Lien Bill, introduced by him and passed principally through his efforts. He was one of the leading members of both bodies, took an active part in the general deliberations on the floor and made his presence felt on some of the most important committees. He was chief clerk of the house of representatives of the Seventh State Legisla- ture and honored bv the unanimous vote of PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 289 that body for the position. While deeply inter- ested in state affairs, Mr. Smith has not been unmindful of the claims which the community has upon its citizens. He has been an earnest worker for every enterprise that tends to the development of the social, educational and moral interests of the city and county and every measure having the public welfare for its ob- ject finds in him a zealous supporter and liberal patron. Being- a well-educated man, he has been especially interested in the matter of schools, realizing that intelligence generally diffused, is one of the state's most important safeguards. He has served several terms _ as school trustee and is at present clerk of the Board of Education. He has spared no ex- pense in providing for his children the best edu- cational advantages and personally looks after their intellectual development. The eldest of his two children, after completing his literary course, entered Rush Medical College, Chicago, where he is now finishing the fourth year of his professional studies. The younger, Georgina, made a creditable record as a student in the home schools and is a young lady of culture and varied attainments. Mr. Smith was mar- ried in 1879 to Miss Georgina Kidd, a daughter of George and Margaret (Sanderson) Kidd, all being natives of Scotland. George Kidd was a prosperous merchant in Glasgow and Mrs. Kidd's father was a seafaring man, who for many years commanded a vessel in Eng- land's merchant marine service. He con- tinued in this vocation until reaching the age limit, after which he lived in retirement to be quite an old man. Mrs. Kidd also lived to a good old age. Mr. Smith belongs to the Ancient Order of United Workmen, the Benev- olent Protective Order of Elks, to the Mac- cabees and to the Woodmen of the World. His has been an active life, throughout which he has endeavored to live according to his highest standard of manly conduct. Few men in Wyoming are more widely known and none have shown themselves more worthy of the high esteem in which he is held. Although deeply engrossed in business affairs, Mr. Smith never carries them into the quiet atmosphere of the domestic fireside. As soon as he turns the door of his office, he throws aside all the cares and worries of the day and goes happy to a home comfortable in. its appointments and restfulness. There environed by the tenderness of family ties and for the time shut from the busy world without, he finds in his home, his books and the company of his friends the rest and pleasure which only very busy men know how to appreciate. FRANK SMITH. The third of the daring pioneers who first invaded the primeval wilderness of what is now Weston county, Wyoming, by his labors and his influence aiding largely in reducing the soli- tude to civilization and systematic productive- ness, holding in his own right 480 acres of its fruitful soil and having under lease a large ad- ditional acreage, on which he conducts a lead- ing cattle industry, Frank Smith, of the Stockade Beaver Creek region, has well earned the honor- able mention among the builders and makers of this state which it is our pleasure to here give him. He inherited from a long line of progres- sive ancestors a true pioneer spirit and enthu- siasm, his parents, Anthony and Rachel (Freel) Smith, having been among the first settlers in Warren county, Iowa, where he was born on April 6, 1853, both his father and his mother having been brought there by their parents in early life, and having been reared in that county when it was a part of the very far West. There the father, although a mechanic, followed farm- ing successfully until his death in 1861, and there the mother is passing the evening of her days, rich in recollections of what seems a re- mote past because measured by conditions rather than years, and realizing as none but actual ob- servers with experience can, the all-conquering spirit of American colonization. Mr. Smith re- mained with his mother, attending school and assisting on the farm until he was twenty years 290 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. old. He then rented a farm in his native county and farmed it for four years. In 1877 he sold out and removed to Nebraska, taking up a pre- emption in Buffalo county in that state. After three years of varying success as a farmer there, he again parted company with his land and came to his present location on Stockade Beaver Creek, making his home for a while with J. H. Freel on the ranch adjoining the one which he now occupies himself. He at once went - to freighting and put his energies to work in the line of enterprise incident thereto, hauling sup- plies to various towns in the hills for two years. In the spring of 1882 he located on his present ranch, ten miles northeast of Newcastle, and since then has devoted his entire time to ranch- ing, and improving his property, increasing its boundaries, developing its resources, making it comfortable and complete as a home, and placing its products, both animal and vegetable, on the market in a way that has brought them high ap- preciation and him gratifying returns. He saw almost the beginning of civilized man's estate in the section, being the third to settle there and he is the only survivor of these who began its in- spiring history. When he "stuck his stake" on the banks of the creek, Laramie county extended along the entire eastern boundary of the terri- tory from Colorado to Montana. On March 3, 1874, Mr. Smith was united in marriage with Miss Josephine Freel, a native of Warren county, Iowa, where the nuptials were solem- nized, and where her parents, J. B. and Margaret (Portez) Freel, were prosperous farmers and pioneers. Mrs. Smith did not hesitate to walk life's dangerous way with him into the wilder- ness and has contributed her share to the growth and improvement of the section in which they live. He is a Republican in politics, serving his people as county commissioner in 1892 and 1896. Fraternally he belongs to the Knights of Pythias and the Woodmen of the World, holding mem- bership in lodges of these orders at Newcastle. In addition to his ranching and cattle interests he has valuable holdings in oil properties with the Rattler and the Custer City oil companies. J. ANSDELL LOVATT. It was at a very troublous time in our history that the gentleman whose name stands at the caption of this reiew came into the world. He was born on March 21, i860, when all the ele- ments of public sentiment North and South were in preparation for the most disastrous . and mo- mentous civil war of human annals, when even the most hopeful looked forward to the outcome of the storm-darkened skies with fear and trem- bling. It is not to be supposed however that this circumstance dominated his life, for that, in the main, has been peaceful and its contests have been along the lines of productive industry. Al- most before "manhood darkened on his downy cheek" the wounds of that war were healed through a better fraternal feeling than had ever before prevailed between the sections. J. Ans- dell Lovatt is a native of Long Island, N. Y., whither his honored parents, William and Elizabeth (Ramsden) Lovatt, came directly from their native England and from whence they crossed the plains in 1861 to Utah. In that then very remote and almost unknown country the father worked at his trade of boiler- making, and there, in Salt Lake City, at the age of sixty-six years he died. There also the mother died at the age of fifty-five. Ansdell was the third of their six children, and was reared and educated in the Mormon metropolis-. After leaving school he engaged in teaming in Utah and followed this line of activity until 1882. In that year he came to Wyomnig and, locating in what is now Fremont county, worked for three years in the mines at South Pass. He then again engaged in teaming and contracting, with that vicinity as headquarters until 1890, when he lo- cated on his present ranch ten miles northeast of Newfork. This now consists of 320 acres of good meadow land and he owns another of the same size five miles southwest of Newfork. On these fine ranches he raises a large number of superior Hereford and Shorthorn cattle, with immense crops of hay. Both are. well improved, as to buildings and other appli- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 291 ances for their proper purposes, and both are being brought to an advanced state of cultivation by skillful husbandry and the ener- getic application of the best modern methods of agricultural work. Mr. Lovatt is an extensive shipper of cattle to the eastern markets and his brand is well-known in all the eastern stock- yards. The Newfork country was new to civi- lization and culture when he came into it and what it is now is due in large measure to the in- telligent and progressive ideas he, and others like him, have put into vigorous activity in the community. Nothing of value to his section escapes his attention or long waits for his active assistance. It is to such men as he that Wyo- ming, one of the youngest of the states, owes so much of her progressiveness and advanced state of commercial, educational and social de- velopment. In fraternal relations he is connected with the order of Elks, holding membership in Rock Springs Lodge, No. 103, and takes great interest in the meetings and growth of the order. THOMAS SNEDDON. This gentleman is one of the most expe- rienced coal miners in the state of Wyoming, be- ing the efficient superintendent of the Diamond Coal and Coke Co., of Diamondville. He was born on October 13, 1855, in Fifeshire, Scotland, a son of Robert and Janet (Harrower) Sneddon, the former of whom was born about 181 5, a son of John and Margaret (Hunter) Sneddon, and was a school-teacher. Robert Sneddon was a leader among the miners in his native land, was also a great lover of his home and a consistent member of the Mormon church. He died in Scotland on June 16, 1876, sixty-one years old, but his wife survived until September, 1890, when she also died in Scotland at the age of seventy- four years. Thomas Sneddon received his edu- cation in Scotland, attending the public schools, at Oakley, Fifeshire, and was twenty-five years old when he came to the United States and first located at Almy, Uinta county, Wyo., where he was engaged in coal mining for fourteen years. He then came to Diamondville and opened up the mines here in September, 1894, as the mine fore- man and in September, 1898, he was elected superintendent, which is his present position, the duties of which he performs in a manner al- together satisfactory to all concerned. Mr. Sneddon has also been honored by being elected vice-president of the First National Bank ar 'Kemmerer. In politics Mr. Sneddon is a Repub- lican and in 1890 was elected to represent his people in the lower branch of the State Legisla- ture, having been on the school board for twelve years, also serving as mayor of Diamondville for three terms and also as a member of the mining board, first as a practical miner and then as the superintendent. On December 31, 1877, M r - Sneddon married in Oakley, Fifeshire, Scotland, Miss Christina Newton, a daughter of John and Margaret (Murray) Newton, and to this mar- iage have been born eleven children, Margaret, now postmaster of Diamondville ; Robert, time- keeper for the Diamond Coal and Coke Co. ; John, who died at the age of sixteen months ; Janet ; Christena Cecilia ; Thomas ; Jane ; Mary ; Eliza- beth and Ruth. The parents are members of the Church of Latter Day Saints, and are steady going, upright citizens, and Mr. Sneddon is possessed of all the sterling qualities that inva- riably characterize Caledonia's children, being sa- gacious, industrious and conscientious in the dis- charge of his duties, and standing high in the esteem of the company, as well as in the respect of the company's employes. Such men as Mr. Sneddon constitute the factors that build up the prosperity and elevate the character of the com- munities when they cast their lot in a new country, and to such hardy pioneers too much credit cannot be awarded. Mr. Sneddon greatly appreciates the benefits to be derived from prop- erly applied industry and discriminating skill in and knowledge of his calling, and favorably com- pares the compensation given in this country with that in the old country for the same class of labor and knowledge. He is well satisfied with America and the country is well satisfied with Mr. Sneddon. 292 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. JOHN T. SNOW. One of the most widely known and popular ranchmen of Laramie county, Wyoming, and who has resided in the Platte River Valley since 1878, John T. Snow was born December 27, 1852, in Barren county, Kentucky, a son of William and Mildred (Penick) Snow, both of old Ken- tucky stock and well-known families in the Blue Grass state. The father was a carpenter by trade and in 1859 removed from Kentucky to Texas, locating then near Paris, where he worked at his trade and later at farming, which latter vocation he followed until his death which occurred in 1863, in Lamar count}', Texas. Mrs. Mildred Snow still survives and makes her home with her son, John T. Snow. John T. Snow received his early education in Lamar county, Tex., there continuing to reside with his family and working also at various occupations until 1872, when he came northwest to Idaho with a drove of cattle and located on the Snake River for over a year, riding the range, the following year he returned to Texas and worked on his mother's range an- other year, then, in the spring of 1875, he came from Texas to Wyoming, again driving cattle, and on reaching Cheyenne went into the employ of the Cray ton Cattle Co.. with which he re- mained until March, 1878. Later in the spring of this year he entered the employ of the Pratt & Ferris Cattle Co., on their Platte River ranch and rode their range until September, 1883. In the spring of 1884, Mr. Snow took up land on the Cottonwood and engaged in the cattle and horse business on his own account and in the fall of 1888 he purchased his present ranch on the Raw- hide, eleven miles from the Platte River, and in the spring of 1889 to °k U P bis residence on this property, which has since been his home, and where his cattle and horses have since occupied his attention. He has been re- markably successful in stock-raising, has now about 1,000 acres of land devoted to this purpose and is clearly regarded as one of the largest and most prosperous cattleraisers of the valley. His ranch is a model one, perfect in every respect, and bis dwelling is one of the finest in the section. Mr. Snow was married on December 20, 1882, near Fort Laramie, Wyo., to the amiable Miss Elizabeth McGinnis, a native of Illinois, and a daughter of John and Catherine (Mullens) McGinnis. The late John McGinnis was also a stockman and came to Wyoming from Omaha, Neb., in 1875. He indefatigably prose- cuted the business and met with continuous suc- cess until his death in 1880, his remains being in- terred at Fort Laramie. His widow now makes her home at Lusk, Converse county, Wyo. J. T. Snow was one of the first settlers on Rawhide River and is consequently one of the best known ranchmen in the valley and for miles around. His name stands above reproach and he is looked up to by his neighbors for that kind of advice which his long experience in the neighborhood enables him to give. In politics he is a Demo- crat, but not a bitter one, allowing to all the privilege of holding opinions with the same free- dom they, exercise in breathing the air of the sur- rounding mountains. JOHN W. STOXER. John W. Stoner, leading merchant and the postmaster of Cokeville, in Uinta county. Wvo- ming, is a native of "Maryland, my Maryland," where he was born on Xovember 1, 1837, his parents being John and Mary (McFerran) Stoner, Pennsylvanians by nativity and pros- perous farmers not very far from the Maryland line. The parental lineage runs back to Colo- nial days in this country, three brothers of the family then coming to America from Germany. There were eight children born to the house- hold of Mr. Stoner's parents, of whom he was the fifth in order of birth, and seven are now living. He was educated in the district schools of Maryland and Pennsylvania, finishing his course at an advanced institute in the latter state. He began life for himself as a farmer in his native state and also taught school. In 1861 he made a trip to California by the Isthmus of Panama, and soon after his arrival removed to Nevada. In 1865 he went to Montana and mined in that territory until T877. His success PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 293 in mining was only moderate and a short time later he took up his residence at Soda Springs, Idaho, settling a few months thereafter at Cokeville, Wyo., where he has ever since re- sided. In 1878 he started the mercantile enter- prise which he is still conducting and has been in charge of it continuously from its inception. Thus for a quarter of a century he has lived among this people, contributing to the devel- opment and advancement of their country and growing strong in their good will and esteem. He has kept in vigorous action the sterling qualities of thrift, industry, integrity and com- mon sense which he inherited from a well-to-do ancestry, noted wherever they were known for plain and upright manhood. In 1881 he was appointed postmaster and has held the office continuously since that year except during the Cleveland administrations, when he resigned. This office he consents to hold only because he can thereby be of service to the people of the town. Other political positions, he steadfastly refuses to take, although he is somewhat firm and zealous as a Republican. Mr. Stoner's store is a model of completeness, convenience and tasteful arrangement. His stock of gen- eral merchandise is large and well selected and so disposed about the commodious rooms as to be easy of access and inspection, and to pro- claim its merits to the best advantage. He is also extensively interested in the stock industry, owning 4,200 acres of land in a body, which is well improved and makes one of the finest farms in this county. Here he has large herds of registered Durham and Hereford cattle and many horses of superior breeds. His herds are undoubtedly among the best in the state. In addition he owns the townsite of Cokeville, a valuable residence in the town and considerable stock in the 'bank at Montpelier, Idaho, of which he is the vice-president. In fraternal re- lations Mr. Stoner affiliates with the Independ- ent Order of Odd Fellows, belonging to the lodge at Evanston, of which he has been a member for twenty-seven years. On April 5, 1892, he was married in Maryland to Miss Nan- nie Fogder, a native of that state, a daughter of Cortip and Sarah (Geiser) Fogler, also Marylanders of German ancestry. Mr. and Mrs. Stoner have two children, Roscoe F. and Sarah. The experience of this gentleman is an oft told tale in the history of the Great West. He came to this section of the country when it was unsettled, unsurveyed, and uninhabited by white men, and began his residence in it by trading with the Indians. He has seen it yield rapidly to the commands of civilization, speedily assuming fertility and comeliness at its behest, and bringing forth with abundance for man's enjoyment whatever is useful, nourishing and valuable. And it is much to his credit that the results are due in large measure to his own diligence and enterprise and the activity of the developing forces which he has set in mo- tion and kept in active operation. WALTER HERSEY THAYER. The civilization which the Pilgrims of the Mayflower brought to America was that of the highest, and wherever we find descendants from its prominent families we may safely assume that they stand for all that represents integrity, intelligence, public spirit, indomitable persever- ance, unstinted energy and all correct business methods, and in the ancestry of Mr. Thayer we find three of the very earliest of the Old Colony people, while he was born at the quaint and beautiful old town of Beloit, Wisconsin, the date of his birth being September 12, 1861, and his parents Isaac H. and Eliza (Cooper) Thayer, the father a native of Brickfield, Me., and the mother of Paris, in the same state. The ma- ternal great-grandfather was born in Plymouth of good Colonial stock, the paternal grand- father tracing back to the Thayers of Bristol county, Mass., but passing all of his life in Maine. He was a farmer and a soldier in the War of 1812, and his widow, born a Hersey, long drew a pension on account of his services. In this connection we will state that a maternal uncle of Mr. Thayer, William K. Cooper, is now receiving a pension for, his services in the Civil War, in which two of his brothers also served, 294 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. while an elder brother received such injuries during his military services in the Mexican War that he died soon after his return to his home. A number of the Thayers did loyal service in the Union ranks in the Civil War, and the father, Isaac H. Thayer, manifested great musi- cal talents and early left Maine for Massachu- setts, where he devoted much time to music, in fact continuing to do so throughout his life, and becoming a band master. After some years' resi- dence in the Old Bay State and other years passed in traveling he was for some years lo- cated in the merchandising of boots and shoes at Beloit, Wis., thereafter removing to Ionia, Mich., where in association with George S. Cooper, he was prosperously engaged as a merchant for twenty years, then retiring and coming to Wyoming, where he took up the present home ranch of his son, Walter, and made it his residence until his death in Octo- ber, 1892. Walter H. Thayer, the eldest child, after his graduation from the high school at Ionia, Mich., in the class of '80, engaged in pedagogic work in Ionia for one year, then was for three years conducting a grocery trade in Ionia, after which he started westward, ultimately locating in Wyoming in association with his fa- ther in the stock business, their ranch being situ- ated eight miles southeast of Glenrock, on Hut- ton's and Batt's Creeks, and extending to Box Elder Creek and containing 2,000 acres of patented land, they controlling through leas- es and in other manner about 10,000 acres. To this property the title has now entirely accrued to Mr. Thayer, who is very rapidly adding to the improvements thereon and possessing val- uable adjudicated water-rights, he is from year by year extending the amount of land under irrigation. His ranch is known as Cannondale and is a very attractive place, having good buildings and a truly homelike apppearance, which is further advanced by the genial and un- obtrusive hospitality which is everywhere in evidence. Mr. Thayer is prominent among the stockgrowers. His favorite breed of cattle is the Black Polled Angus, but as it is not possi- ble to raise that stock on the range, where there are so many varieties, and maintain its purity, he devotes his attention to Herefords, of which he is running 500 head, annually, however, in- creasing the number, and having a choice band of horses, and he has recently introduced a fine strain of running stock. Among the most pro- gressive and valuable citizens of the state, Mr. Thayer must be classed, for in all public mat- ters and private improvements he manifests the same qualities of calm, clear judgment, execu- tive ability and wise discrimination that have brought him such success in his business. ■ In matters political he acts and votes with the Republican party, while he holds fraternal re- lations with the Independent Order of Odd Fel- lows, the Woodmen of the World and the Free- masons. The marriage of Mr. Thayer and Miss Rosa Wilkins, a native of England, and daugh- ter of Enos Wilkins, Esq., of Devises, Wilt- shire, England, occurred on December 27, 1898. They have two winsome daughters, Minnie Belle and Mabel Jeanette. The parents of Mrs. Thayer were long connected with the raising of flowers and with the florists business in Eng- land and acquired a reputation of marked value in that connection. HENRY TISCH. A pioneer of three states and a fine type of the German-American citizen, Hon. Henry Tisch is one of the leading residents of Wheat- land, Wyoming. Now retired from active busi- ness pursuits and enjoying in the evening of his well-spent life the ease and comfort to which his many years of industry and business activ- ity justly entitle him, he is still associated in business with his sons, and his heart is as young and his ambitions as keen for his chil- dren and for the welfare of the "community in which he and they reside as in the days of his young manhood. A native of Germany, he was born in the Province of Oldenburg, on Febru- ary 9, 1831, the son of Joseph and Christiana (Klee) Tisch. both natives of the Fatherland. His father was a mechanic in the old country and after his emigration to America in 1851 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 295 continued the same trade. The family settled first in the city of New York, where they re- mained until 1854, when they removed to the state of New Jersey, the father still working as a mechanic. In 1855 the family removed to Wisconsin, establishing their new home in the county of Manitowoc. Here the father died on February 10, 1881, the mother having passed • away on July 31, 1866, and the old people lie buried side by side in the county of Manitowoc. Henry Tisch grew to man's estate in Germany, acquiring an education much more thorough than falls to the lot of most young men. After completing his school education he learned a trade, which he followed in the state of New York and afterwards in New Jersey. In 1852, Mr. Tisch left his parents in New Jersey and came to Mishicott, Wis., then a new and unsettled community, and there purchased a farm as a home for his parents, who in 1854 removed to their new home in Wisconsin. Upon arriving there Mr. Tisch formed a business partnership with his brother and they opened a general store at Mishicott, which they conducted with success for a number of years. Subsequently he was engaged in teaching school in that vi- cinity for three years, later becoming the en- gineer of a large sawmill, where he remained for some time. On August 21, 1862, during .the great Civil War, he enlisted in the Twenty- seventh Wisconsin Regiment and was engaged in active service with that regiment from the time of enlistment until the close of the war. He was in many engagements, was often under fire, but fortunately escaped without sustaining serious injury. Upon being mustered out of the service he returned to his former occupation of teaching. Soon after he was elected to vari- ous, positions of trust and honor in the city of Mishicott, in all of which he served with credit and distinction. In those years he took an active and leading part in the public affairs of that section of the state, being one of the prom- inent leaders of the Democratic party. In 1873 he removed to Kewaunee, Wis., there engaged in the hardware business for seven years, and during- this time he was nominated and elected to the responsible position of register of deeds of that county, holding that office for six years continuously, being elected each term by in- creased majorities, showing his great popular- ity. In 1886, in association with his son, Otto, who is now associated with him in business in Wheatland, he established a German newspa- per in the city of Kewaunee, which they con- ducted for about one year, then disposed of the plant and in 1889, they removed to Nebraska, where they settled in the town of Crawford and engaged in merchandising. They continued in this business for two years and sold their busi- ness to good advantage and returned to Ke- waunee, where they remained until 1894, when they again returned to Crawford, and later Mr. Tisch, in company with his sons, Otto and Henry, came to Wyoming, where they settled in the city of Wheatland, then in its infancy as a business community, there erected a store building and engaged in the drug business, in which they have ever since been interested. After successfully establishing this business Mr. Tisch left it in charge of his sons and re- turned to Crawford, Neb., where he remained until 1897, when he returned to Wyoming, pur- chasing a ranch about nine miles south of Wheatland and engaged in raising cattle and horses with marked success until the spring of 1 901, when he rented his ranch property and moved his home to the city of Wheatland, where he has since maintained his residence. Here he has a comfortable home, and while he still remains as the senior member of the old firm of H. Tisch & Sons, which transacts a large and successful business in drugs, he leaves its act- ive management to his eldest son, Otto, who has carried it on with conspicuous ability since the doors were first opened in 1894. Mr. Tisch is also the owner of large tracts of real-estate in Wheatland and vicinity and owns the brick block in which the drug store is located. In this, business his sons, Otto, Henry and Erwin, are all interested, and are rising and successful young business men of that fine section of the country. On April 6. 1866, at Mishi- cott, Wisconsin. Mr. Tisch was united in mar- 296 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. riage with Miss Alma Manger, who was a na- tive of Germany, and a datighter of Henry and Laura (Miller) Manger. The parents of Mrs. Tisch emigrated from their native Ger- many in 1852 and settled first on a farm near Mishicott, Wis., and soon after they removed to the city of Mishicott, where the father was a tanner until his death in 1872. The mother is still living and resides with a daughter in Kewaunee, Wis. Mr. and Mrs. Tisch have had six children, namely, Amelia, their eldest child, died January 10, 1870, aged three years ; their second child, who died at the age of three days ; Otto, Henry, Erwin, who are all engaged in business with their father at Wheatland, and the youngest daughter, Hattie, who died on June 3, 1894, aged sixteen years. The little daughter, Amelia, is buried in Mishicott, Wis., and Hattie is buried at Crawford, Neb. Mr. Tisch is affiliated with the Masonic fraternity, being a member of the lodge at Wheatland, and also of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows of the same place. He is a member of the order of the Sons of Herman at Kewaunee, Wis,, and of the Grand Army of the Republic. Otto Tisch, the eldest son of Henry Tisch and his successor and chief manager in business matters, was married on February 3, 1892, at Crawford, Neb., to Miss Minnie G. Thompson, the daughter of a prominent resident of that place. They have two children, Hazel and Ray- mond. Otto Tisch was one of the first men to erect a building and engage in business in Wheatland and he has had much to do with the building up of the city and the surrounding country. His courage, confidence in the future of this section of the state and his business sa- gacity and public spirit, have contributed largely to the settlement and improvement of the com- munity, attracting capital and men of enter- prise. He has built up, in association with his brothers, a large and successful business, which is constantly increasing. It is largely to the efforts of such men that the young state of Wyoming owes her present prosperity, as well as her future promise. They are among the foremost of the progressive young business men of the state and are sure to be heard from. JOSEPH M. WELCH. There is scarcely any class of men or any phase of human life which is not served at some time or other by a good livery stable. It waits upon the needs of the commercial tourist, read- ily helps the hurried man of business, pours out its sweat for the political orator, favors the votary of pleasure, gives opportunity to the love-sick swain, and attends with becoming so- lemnity the burial of the dead. To all these and others Joseph M. Welch has gracefully minis- tered since 1899, when he opened the excellent livery and feed stables he now conducts, which he has greatly popularized by his excellent ap- pliances for the business and his enterprising and obliging service in the use of them, for he not only exhibits a knowledge of the require- ments for present needs but a determination to keep the establishment up-to-date and always in the front rank. He was born in Tuscarawas county, Ohio, on April 13, 184S, the son of Joseph and Caroline (Shamel) Welch, also na- tives of Ohio, where the father was a prosperous miller until 1854, when he removed with his family to Illinois and was there engaged in the milling of flour until his death. The mother died when her son Joseph was eleven years old and two years later he left home to begin the battle of life for himself, then coming west by wagon to Oregon in 1876, and after working for years at various occupations in divers places, he engaged in freighting from The Dalles to the John Day country and on to the Malheur agency, continuing this enterprise for three years. The next two he passed in the same work in Idaho and from there came to Lander and drove stage for two years, going to Ari- zona in 1881 and working there until 1891, when he returned to Lander and after farming and raising stock for eight years, he sold out in 1899 and started the livery business, into which he has since put the most of his time and energy. He still owns, however, a farm located about a mile and a half east of the town, on which he raises a good quality of horses and cattle. In 1890 he was married in Lander to Mrs. Fosephenia Dollard, the wife of Mr. Mark PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 297 Dollard and a daughter of David and Euphemia Sartin, natives of Missouri. By her first mar- riage Mrs. Welch had four sons, John, James, Edward and Charles, and by the last, has four sons and one daughter, Joseph M., Leo E., Alonzo William, Agnes B. and George H. WELTNER BROTHERS. Among the most extensive and progressive stockgrowers in the state of Wyoming are the Weltner Brothers, J. C. and Frederick, whose ranch is located on the Prairie Dog, three miles east of Sheridan. They conduct their business on a very large scale and according to the most approved methods in every way, having their ranch of 1,400 acres equipped with every appur- tenance desirable for its purposes, and the part of it which they have under cultivation has been brought to a high state of fertility and fruitful- ness. They were born in Pennsylvania, J. C. in 1856 and Frederick in 1852. While they were yet young their parents removed the family home to Iowa, and there the brothers grew to manhood and were educated. In 1879 they came together to Leadville, Colo., where they remained four years engaged in the water business. In 1883 they settled in Wyoming on portions of the land they now own and at once started a vigorous en- terprise in the stock industry, handling cattle principally. Their business has prospered and in- creased with rapid strides and by constant accre- tions, and has grown to enormous value. Their herds are for the most part pure-bred Herefords. They are close students of the stock industry and are judicious in the application of what they read and observe concerning it and conducting their operations on scientific principles and with systematic industry the results of their efforts are commensurate with their outlay of time, tal- ent and intelligence. Their ranch comprises, as has been noted, an extent of 1,400 acres, and they have in addition 7,000 acres of leased land. The place is one of the most majestic in its sweep and variety of feature in this part of the coun- try, and the home which they have erected on it is one of the attractions of the neighborhood. It is much to the credit of these gentlemen that they have built up by their own enterprise and skill an industry of such magnitude, and much more to their credit that they have set in motion forces which have enabled and are enabling oth- ers to do something of the same kind. But it must also be noted that they have been identified in a leading and most serviceable way with every good project for the improvement of the com- munity, omitting no effort on their part needed to aid in giving life and spirit to every movement for advancement which they have deemed worthy of vitality. Such as they have brought out the tremendous commercial, industrial and manufac- turing forces of the immense Northwest into vigorous and productive activity and guided all of its political and moral agencies forward along the lines of healthy and enduring prog- ress; and such as they are entitled of all men to honorable mention in any record of the achieve- ments and the aspirations of the progressive men of the state in which they live. HON. LEWIS C. TIDBALL. Successful in business, prominent in politics and highly esteemed socially, the conditions of life would seem to be altogether favorable for Hon. Lewis C. Tidball, who lives on the oldest settled ranch on Soldier Creek, it being a fine property and located three and one-half miles northwest of Sheridan, Wyo. He was born on June 25, 1848, in Muskingum county, Ohio, being the son of Andrew B. and Eliza (Gil- keson) Tidball, both natives of Pennsylvania, who settled in Ohio in early days and were prosper- ously engaged in farming there, not far from Zanesville, until 1864, when they removed to Illinois. After six years of successful farming in that state they took another flight toward the sunset, locating in Jasper county, Mo., where they still followed farming until their death, that of the father occurring in 1889 and that of the mother in 1890. Their son Lewis taught school in Illinois, then followed his parents to Missouri where he worked on the farm, taught school and attended the high school at Carthage, then 298 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. he, in the spring of 1874 entered the law-office of Mr. Hamilton at Carthage and read law for four years. His father, being a great politician of the ultra Democratic kind, his son Lewis came into politics by inheritance. In 1876 he broke away from the paternal party and joined the new "Greenback" organization, casting his first vote (and the only one in his township) for Peter Cooper, the presidential candidate of that party. He then entered vigorously into the Greenback movement in Missouri, but in 1879, owing to the great excitement concerning Lead- ville, Colo., he took the mining fever, leaving Missouri before he was admitted to the practice of law, later being admitted to the bar at Sheri- dan, Wyo., although he never practiced. He first went to Mexico but remained only a year. From that country he went to Leadville, Colo., but remained there also but a year. In 1881'he settled in Gallatin county, Mont., and there en- gaged in farming and in the raising of stock for two years. In 1883 he closed out all his in- terests in Montana and then removing to Sheri- dan county, Wyo., took up the ranch on which he now lives, which is the oldest in ■ this section of the state, it having been first settled on by the P. K. Co., by whom it was used as a stage station on the line between the terminal of the Northern Pacific and Rock Creek on the Union Pacific Railroad, their old stable and stag"e-house being still in good preservation, notwithstanding the flight of time and the tempests that have swept over them in their lonely and deserted condition. Other buildings have been erected for the needs of the ranch, which is now highly im- proved, well cultivated, and made as homelike as thrift, good taste and the circumstances of the case will admit. It is a very desirable property, and the historic name it had as a place of en- tertainment has not suffered or been obscured under the management and control of its present hospitable and genial owner. The principal busi- ness which Mr. Tidball conducts here is raising stock in which he is very successful, his product being kept in good condition and holding a de- servedly high rank in the markets. Mr. Tid- servedlv hisrh rank in the markets. Air. Tid- March 6, 1881, to Mrs. Jennie (Kelly) Kimmel, a native of Iowa. She is a women of splendid attainments, having very extensive social rela- tions, and she is held in high esteem by all who know her, being regarded as one of the leading intellectual women in northern Wyoming. She is now the president of the Woman's Club of Sheridan. They have four children, Lewis C. Jr., Jean V., Vernon M. and Benjamin W. The two oldest sons are attending the Wyoming Uni- versity, and they are regarded as the leading students of that splendid educational institution. In politics the head of the house affiliated with the Populist party and gave it good service, both as a worker in the ranks and in responsible official stations, for he was elected to the State Legis- lature on its ticket in 1892, and his ability and knowledge of affairs were so well established in the belief of his associates that he was chosen Speaker of the House in his first term. In 1896 he was again elected to the Legislature, and in the ensuing term more than sustained his repu- tation as a capable and farseeing legislator, ren- dering his constituents well appreciated service and doing excellent work for the interests of the state in a general way, While in the Legislature the first time he first introduced an amendment to the state constitution which provided for the "Initiative and Referendum" but it then failed to pass. In his last term he was the first one in the State Legislature to urge the passage of the "free-textbook" measure which later became a law and has given more satisfaction than any other law ever passed. In the Legislature of 1897 he advocated the building of free bath- houses at the hot springs of Thermopolis by aid of the state and his plan was then laughed at, but in 1903 the state actually commenced the erection of three of the same free bath-houses he then ad- vocated. In 1894 Mr. Tidball was made the Populist candidate for governor of Wyoming and he wrote the following plank in the Populist platform of that year. "Demanding that the Federal government should build reservoirs in the arid regions to hold the waste water for irri- gation," the very first demand of the government in that line ever written. After the dissolution PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 299 of the Populist party Mr. Tidball entered the Socialist movement and is now regarded as one of its leaders in northern Wyoming. Mr. and Mrs. Tidball have a fine city residence in Sheri- dan, where they now reside, for Mr. Tidball and his two oldest sons have entered the newspaper field. His newspaper is called The Independent Press. In politics it is an uncompromising Socialist publication, but in addition to politics, he is trying to make it a newspaper of high stand- ing with the intelligent aid of his gifted wife and the assistance of his two bright sons. WILLIAM J. WERNLI. One of the leading business men and prop- erty owners of the new town of Encampment, Wyoming, William J. Wernli, is also a pioneer of that enterprising place. He is a native of Wis- consin, born in the city of Oshkosh, on January 5, 1856, the son of Jacob and Anna Maria (Steiner) Wernli, both natives of Switzerland. The father came to America in 1855, and estab- lished his home in Oshkosh, where he continued to reside for a number of years, and then re- moved his residence to Waupaca. Here he be- came the capable principal of the city schools, and later being elected the county superinten- dent of Waupaca county. He made his home at that place for about five years and then he removed to Milwaukee, and there held the po- sition of the principal of the public schools of the second ward of that city for two years, thereafter removing his family to Platteville, Wis., where he was elected as assistant principal of the first state normal school which was lo- cated at that place. He continued here for two years and then went to Galena, 111., where he founded the Northwestern Normal College, of which he was the principal and manager for five years. He then disposed of his Galena property and made his home in Chicago, 111., where he retired from professional labors and successfully engaged in the wholesale and retail book and stationery business for two years. He then sold his business to advantage, and went to Lemars, Iowa, where he purchased a section of land and engaged in agricultural pursuits until his death in 1901. During a portion of his res- idence here he was principal of the city schools and also the county superintendent of public in- struction. Being a man of wide information and of high standing as an educator, his services were in constant demand as a lecturer before teachers' institutes. He was highly esteemed by all classes of his fellow citizens, and was deeply mourned by a large circle of friends and rel- atives. He had been twice married, and left a family of thirteen children. William J. Wernli was the eldest child of the family and attained to manhood in his native state of Wisconsin and in Illinois and Iowa and receiving his education in the schools of those states remaining at home until 1879, when he became the secretary and chief bookkeeper of the Plymouth Roller Mill Co., at Lemars, Iowa. He remained in this po- sition for ten years, then removed to Rapid City, South Dakota, and engaged in a prosperous busi- ness as a grain and produce dealer for two years, and then returned to Lemars, where he embarked in the sale of farm implements, later dispos- ing of that business and removing to Correction- ville, Iowa, after residing at Lemars for some three years, he engaged in the milling business. He was burned out one year later and lost every- thing. Again returning to Lemars, he engaged in real-estate and insurance until 1898, when he removed to the vicinity of Encampment, Wyo., and there occupied himself in prospecting and mining for about two years, passing through some very trying experiences and on one oc- casion he and his family came near perishing in a severe storm which suddenly overtook them in the mountains. In 1900, he purchased the Fairchild stock of hardware at Doggett, Wyo., and removed it to Encampment, where he erected a small building and engaged in a small way in the hardware trade. By hard work, perseverance and business enterprise he has gradually built up an excellent trade and has extended his opera- tions until he is now the owner of one of the largest mercantile establishments in his section of the state. Originally his store building was only sixteen feet square, and hs> resided with his 300 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. family in small apartments at the rear of his store. Now he occupies a fine store building, de- voting twenty-four feet by seventy to his hard- ware department, and forty-eight by sixteen to his drygoods department, the second story being occupied by the Masonic order as a lodge room. He carries a large stock of merchandise, has a constantly increasing patronage and is one of the substantial merchants of his section. He is also the owner of large warehouses in connection with his mercantile business. He attributes very much of his success to his wife, who by her ad- vice, counsel and assistance has materially aided him in all of his plans and undertakings and has been most loyally a helpmeet in the fullest sense of the word. In November, 1879, Mr. Wernli wedded with Miss Belle M. Stough, a native of Iowa and a daughter of Calvin P. Stough, a prominent business man, who was long engaged in the furniture business in Lemars, and was a leading factor in the commercial life of his city and county. Now retired from active business pursuits he is residing at Galena, Kan. To Mr. and Mrs. Wernli have been born two chil- dren, Winnie B., wife of G. E. Heber, of Im- perial, Calif., and Laura M. Fraternally, Mr. Wernli is affiliated with the Freemasons as a member of the chapter at Encampment. He takes an active part in local political affairs and is the city treasurer of Encampment. Besides his other business enterprises, he is largely interested in mining, being the secretary of the Moon Anchor Copper Mining Co., and of the Rambler Mining Co., both of which give promise of being valuable properties. He is one of the foremost men of his county and is progressive and prominent in all measures calculated to benefit the city of his residence, or to develop the resources of the sur- rounding country. JAMES M. WHITNEY. This gentleman is one of the most exten- sive stockraisers and dealers in Laramie county, Wyoming, and has risen to his present emi- nence in this line 'entirely through his personal efforts. He was born on August 14, 1856, in Marion county, Iowa, a son of H. C. and Elvira E. (Sheldon) Whitney, the former being a native of Massachusetts and the latter of New York. Both parents were taken to Ohio when children, there attaining maturity and were there married, from Ohio removing to Marion county, Iowa, in 1851, being among the pioneers of that section of the country. In 1866 the family removed from Iowa to Kansas and located in Montgomery county, where the father followed farming until 1874, when the family home was made in Del Norte, Colo., where the father passed away a week later, on July nth, 1874, and was there buried, the mother also dying in Colorado on August 3, 1876, while on a visit to a daughter and her remains were also interred at Del Norte. James M. Whitney was educated in Mont- gomery county, Kan., and later accompanied his parents to Colorado, from whence after the father's death the mother and the three sons came to Wyoming and located in Cheyenne, where James M. again attended school for a few months. Another son, Frank S., had been living in Cheyenne ever since the town had started, engaged in the transfer business, so that the mother was not altogether among strangers. She, however, at once took up a ranch on Crow Creek, eighteen miles west of Cheyenne, and on this ranch the three brothers conducted stockraising until the mother's death. In 1878 James M. Whitney came to Laramie county and in 1880 went into the employment of T. A. Kent, then proprietor of the ranches now owned by Mr. Whitney. In 1883 he left the range and engaged with G. A. Draper, wholesale grocer of Cheyenne, with whom he remained until January 1, 1884, shortly after which date he began running a road ranch for the Teschemacher & Billier Cattle Co., on Lara- mie River, where L T va is now situated, in 1887 he took entire charge of the Uva business of this firm, managing their hotel and store until 1892. when the firm sold out. Mr. Whitney next bought 480 acres of the land formerly owned by T. A. Kent, lying on the Laramie River, one mile west of Uva, and entered into PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 301 the stock business. By diligence, good man- agement and ability he has increased his hold- ings until he is now one of the principal cattle- men of his section of the country and the owner of the ranch on which he was formerly an employe. He was joined in matrimony on January 17, 1883, at Cheyenne, with Miss Elizabeth Bon, a native of Nebraska, being a daughter of Stephen Bon, one of the' oldest set- tlers of Cheyenne and also father of Stephen (Jr.) and Frank Bon, shoe-dealers of that city. To Mr. and Mrs. Whitney were born two chil- dren, Stephen H. and Frank, but the mother was called from earth on June 13, 1887, her remains being interred in Cheyenne. The sec- ond marriage of Mr. Whitney took place on February 12, 1890, at Denver, Colo., with Annie (Bills) Stewart, a native of Tennessee. Fra- ternally, Mr. Whitney is a member of the Modern Woodmen of the World, affiliated with Camp No. 5,449, of Wheatland, and politically he is a member of the Republican party, in which he is an active and energetic worker, but has always declined all solicitations to become a candidate for office. As a citizen, Mr. Whitney is broad minded and public spirited, and en- joys the respect of the entire .community and as a business man he probably has not an equal in Laramie county. MARTIN WILLADSEN. One of the progressive and successful men of foreign birth who have made their mark in the business world of Wyoming, is Martin Wil- ladsen, a resident of Granite Canyon, one of the prominent stockmen of that section. He was born in Denmark, on April 4, 1859, the son of Willads and Mary (Bentsen) Willadsen, both natives of that country. His father fol- lowed the occupation of farming in Denmark but in 1883, emigrated to America in company with his son, Martin, and other members of his family, and established his residence on a ranch near the place now owned and occupied by Martin and there engaged in cattleraising up to the time of his death, which occurred in 1892. The mother' passed away in February, 1902, and both were buried in Cheyenne. Mr. Martin Willadsen grew to man's estate and re- ceived his school education in Denmark, where he remained with his parents until he had at- tained to the age of twenty years, and p then engaged in farming operations for himself until 1883. At a 'family conference held in 1882 it was determined that the entire family should emigrate to the New World, and therefore. in that year the mother and. her son Anton took ship and sailed away to establish a new home beyond the sea. Soon after arriving in America, they proceeded to the territory of Wyoming, and subsequently the father and other mem- bers of the family followed them, and in the spring of 1883, Mr. Willadsen took up his pres- ent ranch on Lone Tree Creek, about twenty- one miles west of the city of Cheyenne, and has since remained there, prosperously engaged in cattleraising. He has met with marked suc- cess and is one of the solid business men and substantial property owners of his section of the state, where he was one of the earliest set- tlers. He is now the owner of some 3,000 acres of fine land, improved, well fenced, and irrigated, with large herds of cattle on Lone Tree Creek and also on Crow Creek, with ample barns and buildings. By his industry, thrift, economy and attention to business the ambi- tions of his boyhood in Denmark have been more than realized, and he is rapidly accumu- lating a handsome fortune. Before coming to this country he united his fortunes in happy marriage with Miss Anne B. Jensen, a native of Denmark, one of the playmates of his child- hood, a daughter of Anders and Anne (Ander- sen) Jensen, both natives of that country. Mrs. Jensen's father was a lifetime farmer in Den- mark, dying in 1865. Of the nine children of Mr. and Mrs. Willadsen seven are surviving, as follows : Anders, Knud, James, Julia, Ma- rius, Andreas, Stevens. The other ones who have died are : Henry, who passed away on October 17, 1901, at the age of five years; and Henri, who died on May 21, 1902, at the tender age of five weeks. The family are 302 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. members of the Lutheran church, being reg- ular attendants and devoted adherents of that faith. In all good work in the community where they reside, they are among the fore- most. Politically, Mr. ' Willadsen is identified with. the Democratic party, although he is not a strong partisan, and makes it his practice to support the best men for public office. He is called one of the most liberal minded and respected citizens of his section of the state. ALLEN WILLIAMS. The strength and resourcefulness of the American character has often been remarked up- on and wondered at. No danger daunts it, no difficulty deters, no toil intimidates. Whatever the emergency of the moment requires is fur- nished as if by spontaneous action and always meets the requirement in a masterly way. And when long endurance or application is demanded, that also is furnished to the last degree, unless mental alertness supplies an easier and more profitable way around the labor and sacrifice in- volved. Perhaps no reason for this universal readiness and commanding adaptability is more potent than that found in the cosmopolitan char- acter of our population. Every civilized country under the sun has sent brain and brawn to make and mold this people and in the very multitude of counselors and capacities may reside our greatest safety and power. From the picturesque and historic Province of Nova Scotia came Allen Williams, now of near Hamilton, Sheridan coun- ty, Wyo., one of the representative, progressive and substantial citizens of that section of the state. In that Canadian province for generations his family had lived and flourished, there his immediate parentage, Patrick and Mary (Wal- lace) Williams came into being, achieved a cred- itable career as energetic and prosperous farm- ers, and in the fullness of time were laid to rest in their native soil, the mother dying in 1892 and the father in 1901. There Allen also was born, his life beginning on March 28, 1859, and there he lived until he was eighteen years old, attend- ing the schools of the neighborhood, and looking forward to a life-long career in his native heath. But for him the elements had arranged a differ- ent destiny. About the time of his leaving school and being confronted with life's responsibilities and a world of hope and aspiration, but of toil and struggle no less, his attention was earnestlv drawn to the unusual opportunities for individ- ual effort and advancement in the Great West of the United States, and he determined to there seek his fortune. He did not, however, im- mediately come hither, but for a number of years gave attention to various lines of industry in oth- er parts of the country. But in 1877 he made the final and decisive move, for on April 16, of that very same year, he arrived in Wyoming, stopping for a very short time near Chevenne, then a straggling village baptized into be- ing only a few short years before, and with all of its now acquired destiny to win. He lingered there until fall and came to Powder River in Johnson county, and from his rude but comfortable headquarters on its banks freighted and hauled wood in the vicinity until spring. During the next five years he was actively en gaged in freighting and hauling lumber, wood and other commodities, now from Rock Creek to Fort McKinney, anon between Rawlins and White River, again to Laramie City or Buffalo, always busy with his hard work, always willing to endure the exposure, always looking forward tc an easier life and better compensation for his labor. In 1883 the opportunity for this came his way and he seized it with alacrity. He filed on a portion of the ranch he now occupies on Big Piney Creek, twenty-two miles northeast of Buffalo, and near the present town of Hamilton, settled on his claim and at once began improving the land, making a comfortable home for himself, and building up a cattle industry for his future business and support. In this aspiration he has succeeded admirably. His ranch has been in- creased to 320 acres and fashioned into comeli- ness and fertility, while his stock industry has expanded into very gratifying and profitable pro- portions. He has risen to consequence also in the estimation of his fellow men and become one of the most respected and influential men PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 3°3 of his part of the county, with a potent voice in its politics as a Republican, but not an active partisan, and with an earnest desire and a con- stant readiness to be of service to every good enterprise undertaken for the benefit of the com- munity. On April 8, 1891, at her home in the county, Mr. Williams was married to Miss Wino- na Condit, a native of Iowa, but for one year previous to her marriage a resident of Wyoming. They have three children, Claude, Jennie and Ethel. MRS. MINNIE WILLIAMS. The general liberalizing of thought and ele- vation of women due to the free institutions ot America have opened to the gentler sex man}- lines of intellectual and physical activity which through all the previous centuries were closed against them ; and one of the striking justifica- tions of the movement is found in the case of Mrs. Minnie Williams, the receiver of the U. S. land-office at Lander, whose management of the important public position to which President Mc- Kinley appointed her in December, 1898, has given general satisfaction and been productive of appreciated movements in administration. Mrs. Williams was born at Frewsburg, Chautau- qua county, New York, a daughter of William F. and Emily (Thornton) Tinkcom, also natives of New York. Her father was a blacksmith, progressive and public spirited, who, after suc- cessfully prosecuting his chosen occupation for years in his native state, came to Montana as head blacksmith for the large mines at Red Lodge in Carbon county. In the state of his adoption his breadth of view and interest in pub- lic affairs gave him local distinction as chair- man of the board of county commissioners for a long time. Prior to making his home in Mon- tana - he followed his vocation at Fort Dodge, Iowa, in a leading way. He was a son of Water- man and Harriet (Thayer) Tinkcom, natives of Massachusetts who removed to western New York in its early history, while yet the Indians and wild beasts held sway in that section and gave them and their neighbors many thrilling adventures and hair-breadth escapes from violent deaths. Mrs. Williams's mother, Emily R. (Thornton) Tinkcom, was a daughter of Albert and Mary (Green) Thornton, both scions of Revolutionary families, the father being a direct descendant of Matthew Thornton, one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence, while in the genealogy of the mother the Boltwoods of Boston mingled with the Greens of Rhode Island. Mrs. Williams was educated in the pub- lic schools at Fort Dodge, Iowa, and after com- pleting her course she engaged in teaching in that state. On April 25, 1878, she married with Marion Williams, a son of John C. and Lydia (Pierson) Williams, the latter a daughter of Rev. Pierson, one of the first Quaker preachers in Iowa. The Williamses were natives of Ohio and among the first settlers in Iowa. Mr. Wil- liams is an engineer by occupation, and has been in charge of important work in Iowa and also in Wyoming. In 1891 he came to Wyoming and settled in the Big Horn basin where he took up land and began operations in the cattle business, running principally graded Herefords and having control of 5,000 acres of land. Like his wife he always takes an active interest in public affairs and gives to the advancement of the community the fruits of his best thought and energy. He belongs to the Woodmen of the World. Mrs. Williams has been identified with the Women of Woodcraft since its organization in Lander hold- ing the position of Guardian Neighbor for two years. In addition to his regular occupation he superintends the improvement of their extensive property at Cody and elsewhere, while Mrs. Wil- liams gives her undivided attention to the ad- ministration of her office. They have had three children, Frank M., cashier of the bank at Cody, and Clarence A., who are living, and Donald C. who died at the age of four years. ROBERT WILSON. One of the most skilled and expert black- smiths of Rawlins, Wyoming, is Robert Wil- son, who in his early, active and practical days usually held the position of foreman, but he 3°4 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. has now virtually retired from the exertions of the trade. He was born in Yorkshire, Eng- land, in 1838, a son of John and Sarah (Davis) Wilson, both also natives of Yorkshire. John Wilson was born in 1810, being a son of Rob- ert and Sarah (Fearnley) Wilson, the latter of whom was a. daughter of Sergeant Fearnley of the battle of Waterloo fame. Sarah (Davis) Wilson was born in 18 12 and died in 1870. John Wilson 'survived until 1849. He had held dur- ing nearly all his life, the very responsible po- sition of manager of the silkmills at Boothtown, and he and his wife were firmly attached to the established Church of England and to their home. They were the parents of four children, of whom Robert is the only living represen- tative. He acquired his education in England and there also learned his trade of blacksmith. He came to America in 1867, stopped for a short time in Montreal, Canada, and then went to Toronto, where he was employed as inspect- or of rollingmills for the Grand Trunk Rail- way for two years. After a short stay in Ham- ilton he came to the United States and passed one year in a navy yard in California, whence he went to Omaha, Neb., and for one yea'r was in the employ of the Union Pacific Railroad ; then was employed in railroad work at Ter- race for a short time, after this coming to Wyoming, where he worked at Laramie for the Union Pacific for four years. Mr. Wilson came to Rawlins, which has since been his home in 1876. For twenty-five years after hi? arrival he held the very responsible position of foreman, but is now so financially situated that he can live in comfort without further labor. He was married in Omaha, Neb., in 1870, to Miss Elizabeth Cherry, daughter of Blain and Catherine Cherry, natives of Ireland who had settled in Ottawa, Canada, and were employed in farming. In politics Mr. Wilson is a Re- publican and quite popular with his party. He has served with great credit to himself as a justice of the peace for two terms, but he is not a chroitic office-seeker. In Masonic circles Mr. Wilson is quite prominent, having held the elevated position of grand master of the order of the state of Wyoming, subordinately, he is a charter member of Rawlins Lodge, which he has served as worshipful master for four terms. He owes his present comfortable po- sition in life entirely to his own industry, tem- perate habits and upright course in life ; and the respect in which he is held by his fellow cit- izens is simply an acknowledgement of merits manifested in his every word and act. HENRY Z. YODER. Henry Z. Yoder, of Meriden, Wyoming, is a native of Holmes county, Ohio, born there on January 18, 1844, the son of David and Bar- bara Yoder, the former a native of the same state, and the latter of Pennsylvania. His pa- rents were farmers in Ohio until 1869, when they moved to Johnson county, Iowa, where they continued in the same pursuit during the remainder of their lives, the mother dying in 1886 and the father in 1887. Henry Z. Yoder remained with his parents, assisting his father in the management of the farm until 1872. when he engaged in farming for himself not far from their residence in Iowa. Here he remained with varying success for ten years. In 1882, desiring to better his fortunes, he started on a trip through the West looking for a suitable lo- cation to engage in the stock business. Arriv- ing in the city of Cheyenne in the summer of that year, he there remained until the following spring, when he visited the Bear Creek sec- tion of Wyoming, and took up a ranch, and immediatelv engaged in the raising of cattle and horses. By hard work and careful attention to business, he extended his operations from year to year, and built up a prosperous and successful business. In 1899, he disposed of all his interests at this' place to Mr. Mullen and removed to his present home ranch on Bear Creek, which he had purchased in 1890. It is situated about twenty-seven miles east of Chugwater, Wyo.. and is one of the best lo- cations possible for a stock ranch. Here he has successfullv continued in his business of stockgrowing, and now owns a fine property. PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 305 having 560 acres of patented land, most of which is irrigated, together with adjacent range and 800 acres of leased lands, on which he grazes his herds. On May 6, 1884, Mr. Yoder was united in marriage in Washington county, Iowa, to Miss Sarah A. Luke, a native of Ohio and a daughter of Samuel and Mary (Mettler)- Luke, both natives of Pennsylvania. Emi- grating from their native state when young to Ohio, the parents followed there the occupa- tion of farming for some years, but in 1862, they moved to Iowa, settling first in Johnson county, where they continued in the same pur- suit, and later they removed to Washington county, where the father is still residing, the mother having passed away in July, 1891. Mr. and Mrs. Yoder have two children, Mary E. aged seventeen years, and Ollie K., aged four- tee.n years. The family belong to the Method- ist Episcopal church, and take a deep interest in church and charitable work. Mr. Yoder gives his political allegiance to the Republican party, and is actively interested in public affairs, being one of the substantial .and most respected citizens of his section of the state. JOSEPH YOUNG. Among the men who have nobly contrib- uted to the development and prosperity of Wyoming, none occupy a more exalted place in the hearts of the people or have been more earnest or conscientious in their efforts to pro- mote the public welfare than Joseph Young, whose success in the business world has only been surpassed by his personal popularity. He is a native of England, where he was born on August 3, 1844. His father, also by name Joseph, was born in the West Indies, but lived in England from his childhood until his removal to the United States in 1866. By oc- cupation he was a farmer and as such met with fair success both in England and this country. On coming to America he settled in Illinois where he made a specialty of stockraising until his death in 1879. He was a most amiable and agreeable gentleman, a great lover of family and home and he spared no pains to instil into the minds of his children the principles of moral rectitude, which bore fruitage in correct deportment and upright conduct. The paternal grandfather was Joseph Young, who passed his life in the West Indies as an overseer of large plantations owned by wealthy parties. He died in the Indies and left to his descendants the heritage of an honorable career and a worthy name. The maiden name of the mother was Ann Turner ; she was born in Westonzoyland, Somersetshire, England, and is still living, hav- ing reached the ripe old age of eighty-two years, her home being at this writing in Kan- kakee county, 111., and, with the exception of blindness with which he has been afflicted for some years, she retains in a fair measure her physical and mental powers. To Joseph and Ann Young were born sons and daughters, namely : William ; Albert ; Charles E. ; Joseph ; Susan, wife of C. Holmes ; Sarah T. ; Eliza J. : Mary ; Elizabeth, and Lucy ; of whom all but Charles are living. Joseph Young, of this re- view, received his early education in the schools of his native place and at the age of twenty-two accompanied his parents to the United States. During the seven or eight years following his arrival he was associated with his father in op- erating a meat market and at the expiration of that time he engaged in the same business up- on his own responsibility. After remaining in Illinois until April, 1877, he came to Wyoming, locating at Rock Springs, near which place he subsequently purchased a ranch and engaged in sheepraising. From that time to the present day Mr.< Young has devoted his time largely to the sheep business, meeting with a financial success such as few stockmen attain. For sixteen years he was also identified with the commercial interests of Rock Springs, running a large general store in partnership with Tim- othy Kinney, the firm becoming widely and fa- vorably known throughout a very extensive region. He personally superintended his differ- ent business interests and brought them to a very flourishing condition. In various ways he was brought in close touch with the people of so6 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING.. Sweetwater county, and he enjoyed their im- plicit confidence, his dealings being such as to give them the highest opinion of his intellect and honor, a reputation of which he feels justly proud. Possessing rare business qualifications, he rose step by step from comparative obscu- rity to affluence, achieving his success by per- sonal application of well directed industry and successful management. Mr. Young has long been one of the leading political workers of Sweetwater county and in recognition of his services to his party as well as by reason of his fitness for the place, he was elected by the Republicans in 1884 and reelected in 1886 to the office of sheriff. He discharged his official functions in an able and praiseworthy manner and at the expiration of his term of service re- tired with the good will of the people, irrespect- ive of political ties. He proved a fearless and conscientious public servant and, by bring- ing a large number of the criminal class to the bar of justice, did much to check the preva- lent evils and inspire a wholesale respect for law and order. Mr. Young has been called by his party to other positions of honor and trust and in all his record fully met the expectations of the public. He served several years as a justice of the peace, was also a member of the board of county commissioners for one term and as a member of the local board of edu- cation he was untiring in his efforts to build up the school system of Rock Springs and increase its efficiency. Some years ago Mr. Young sold his ranch near Rock Springs but still has much valuable property in the city and throughout the state, also owning real-estate of value in Cheyenne, Green River and Salt Lake City, with grazing lands in various sections of the West and farm property in Illinois. He is in independent financial circumstances, being the possessor of a sufficient fortune to enable him to pass the remainder of his life free from care or anxiety, being one of the wealthy men of Wyoming, while every dollar in his possession has been earned by his own efforts and by honorable business methods. He makes his home in Salt Lake City, though retaining his citizenship in Rock Springs, where he passes a considerable part of his time. He was mar- ried in 1885 to Miss Clara Matthews, daughter of Samuel and Lena Matthews, and is the fa- ther of two sons, William Lee and Joseph, the latter deceased. He is a member of the Ma- sonic fraternity and of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and in both organizations he has filled important official stations. His life has been a practical exemplification of the sub- lime teachings of these orders, and his straight- forward course as a business man is without a flaw, his career as an official above suspicion and his every relation with the world has been marked by a spirit of rectitude, characteristic of the high minded, courteous gentleman. HEWITT M. YOUMANS. The subject of this sketch is a native of Schoharie county, New York, where he was born on February 19, 1845. He is the son of Nathaniel P. and Olive (Porter) Youmans, both natives of the Empire state. His father fol- lowed the occupation of farming in Schoharie county, and was the son of James and Aline You- mans, both of whom were natives of New York state. The subject of this personal mention was the eldest of a family of nine children, two of whom are still living. During his childhood his parents removed their residence from New York to the state of Ohio, and still later to Wisconsin, and he received his early education in the public schools of those different states. Compelled by circumstances to leave school before he had ar- rived at man's estate in order to assist in the support of the family, he secured employment as a farm hand in the vicinity of his boyhood's home, and for a number of years was engaged in that pursuit. In the year 1863 he enlisted as a mem- ber of Co. G of the Second Regiment of Minne- sota Cavalry, in which he served up to the 29th clay of December, 1865, when he received an honorable discharge and was mustered out of the service. During this time he was engaged for the greater portion of his term of service in fighting the Sioux Indians in Minnesota and jflfc 09^ f^lg^ryfit ytC , ffy (724^)0 cvn± PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 307 Dakota, and was in many engagements, although he never sustained any serious injury. After leaving the military service he followed the com- bined occupations of farming and stockraising for a number of years, and in 1877 cam e to the then territory of Wyoming, where he engaged in the business of hunting and trapping. Sub- sequently, he took up a ranch near the present site of the town of Dubois, Wyoming, and also located a desert land claim on Horse Creek. He continued here for a number of years and met with considerable success. He disposed of his ranch property recently to good advantage, and formed a partnership with George Y. Hays, for the purpose of engaging in general merchandis- ing at Dubois, Wyo. Mr. ' Youmans is an en- terprising and public spirited man, who has had an extended and varied experience in the western country and on the frontier, and may be called one of the pioneers of Western Wyoming. He has contributed largely to the building up and development of the resources of his section of the state, and is held in high esteem by all classes of his fellow citizens. J. DANA ADAMS. Go where you will the trader and the money changers are there and must be, or no extended or consecutive civilization is possible without them. It is one of the inevitable conditions of human life that men shall aggregate in societies and there must be mediums and centers of ex- change among them. The men therefore who plan, organize and conduct such enterprises, who gather the commodities of the marts together, whether they are the merest necessaries on the far frontier or all the products of art and fashion in the metropolitan centers, do actually in their measure bridge the chasms between men and are essentially benefactors of mankind. To this class belongs J. Dana Adams of Sheridan, presi- dent of the Sheridan Commercial Co. and active manager of its enormous general merchandise business with headquarters at Sheridan, who was born on December 21, 1842, in Maine, a son of 19 Henry K. and Margaret F. (Webb) Adams, the former born and reared in Massachusetts and the latter in Maine. Mr. Adams was educated and reached years of maturity in his native state, and in 1862 came west to Marshalltown, Iowa, and there began a mercantile career which is pictur- esque in its variety of feature and its uniformity of success. His beginning was the humble one of a minor assistant and salesman, but with the self-reliance and energy of his nature, he also carried on an independent ' business of his own by purchasing and also shipping to Chicago on commission various articles of produce. Tiring of this business he then en- gaged in farming for a few years, and in 1872, realizing that the opportunities for this line of industry were better in the farther West, he came ,to Colorado and, locating in Larimer county, car- ried on an extensive stock business. In 1881 he took up land near Sheridan, Wyo., on which he continued his farming and stockraising industry until 1892, then returned to mercantile life, or- ganizing the Sheridan County Commercial Co., of which he was the general manager for ten years. In 1902 the company was reorganized and came forth as the Sheridan Commercial Co. with Mr. Adams as its president and manager. This corporation conducts a large department store, carrying all kinds of merchandise, and in the number and completeness of its features and volume of its business it is one of the most ex- tensive and important establishments of its kind in the state. In connection with the enterprise is a product exchange which also does a large and profitable business. But while thus giving close and persistent attention to his commercial business, Mr. Adams has not neglected his stock interests for he owns 920 acres of superior land near Sheridan, running large herds of thorough- bred Galloway cattle. Mr. Adams was married in Iowa in 1872 with Miss Dora D. Brannan, a native of Wisconsin. They have three children, Henry K., Mary H. and Josephine D. Mr. Adams is a member of the Old Settlers' Club of Sheridan, identified also in a leading way with every effort for the improvement of the town and 3 o8 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. county. He is essentially patriotic, views with alarm every attempt to invade the principles he believes in in national legislation or policy, and is always outspoken and vigorous in opposition to them. So firm were his convictions against the policy of free silver in the national campaign in 1896 that he compiled a chart on the money ques- tion which was used as a textbook all over the country in that campaign, being a concise and cogent statement of the issues of the contest, analyzing clearly and forcibly the Democratic and Republican platforms, and drawing deduc • tions therefrom in connection with financial his- tory that seemed irresistibly conclusive. Mr. Adams is one of the best informed men in the state on financial questions, and was able to pre- sent his subject with a wealth of learning and a force and grace of diction that gave his chart especial value and made it unusually pleasant as well as very valuable reading. It at once became a classic in Republican circles, hold- ing firm place in the popular regard today, although the logic of events has long since con- firmed the wisdom of its conclusions. Its prep- aration was a labor of love for its author, for he is not a' violent partisan nor an office-seeker, and he wrote from a strong conviction of the rig-ht- eousness of his views and a keen sense of duty in proclaiming them. HON. H. C. ALGER. Among the illustrious public men of Wyo- ming who have stamped the impress of their character and personality, not only on the busi- ness, political and social circles of the im- mediate locality of their residence, but upon those of the whole state, none is entitled to greater consideration than that distinguished gentleman, Hon. H. C. Alger, the representa- tive banker of Sheridan. He comes of the best American lineage. The "History of Plymouth county, Mass.," says that ''Thomas Alger, the first of the name in tins country, was one of three men of that name who settled in New England during the seventeenth century. The exact time of his arrival is not known, but it was some time previous to 1665, as at that date we find him at Taunton, Mass., near the Three Mile River, a stream flowing through the eastern part of Taunton. On November 14, 1665, he married Elizabeth Packard, a daugh- ter of Samuel Packard of Wymondham, Eng- land, who with his wife and child came to America in 1638 in the ship Diligent, and set- tled in Hingham, then Bridgewater, Mass." Other authorities give the date of the immigra- tion of the first American Alger as 1636, and this seems substantiated. From that early pe- riod the family has been connected with the highest life of the country, every generation furnishing men unusually prominent in every domain of the country's prosperity. The battle rolls of the Revolution contain their patriotic names as do those of every war in which this nation has been a contestant, the Spanish- American War producing that of Hon. Russell M. Alger, one of this family, as the occupant of the eminent position of Secretary of War. Everywhere and under all circumstances the family has rendered conspicuous and patriotic service in all lines of public and private enter- prise and generosities, each succeeding genera- tion maintaining well the record of its predeces- sors. It has intermarried with the best blood of New England, the Ames, the Morse, the Russell, the Howard, the Brewster and the Parker families among others, all feeling pride in this relationship. Hon. Horace C. Alger, was born in Lowell, Mass., on April 15, 1857, a son of Edwin A. Alger, Esq., and Amanda M. Buswell, his wife, the father being a native of New Hampshire and the mother of Vermont, the maternal grandfather Morse having taken part in the battle of Bunker Hill. Edwin A. Alger, after his academic education became a student of law, locating upon his admission to the bar in the bustling manufacturing city of Lowell, where for long years he maintained high rank both in his profession and in citizen- ship, holding prominently and capably most im- portant offices and commissions, representing bis wealthy city with great acceptability on the war commission of the state during the momen- tous era of the Civil War. Two uncles of Mr. PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 309 Algety were killed at Malvern Hill, Va., while bravely fighting in the Union armv. Two of his cousins served with credit through long en- listments in the same period of contest. Mr. H. C. Alger received the educational advantages of classic New England, being graduated from Harvard University in the class of 1879. The sphere of commercial activity and finance at- tracted his attention and, soon after his grad- uation, he came westward in the interests of an eastern commercial house, after a year passed in Iowa coming to Montana and Wyoming. In the spring of 1885 he came to Sheridan, Wyo., becoming identified with the Bank of Sheridan as its cashier, here being connected with that important element of the commercial activity of this section, the firm of E. A. Whit- ney & Co. In 1893 the Bank of Sheridan was merged with the First National Bank of Sher- idan, and in this new and more important mon- etary institution, Mr. Alger was the efficient vice-president. His business qualities had early been manifest to the people of his county, who manifested their appreciation of his ability by electing him as county treasurer, their trust being amply verified by his most capable ad- ministration. Thereafter he was engaged in varying activities until the close of the nine- teenth century, real-estate and irrigation enter- prises being among the number. On September 20, 1 90 1, he opened the doors of the new State Bank of Sheridan as its cashier and now holds that connection with the bank, his financial skill and momentary reputation adding largely to its prestige. Eminent as an energetic and far-sight- ed financial operator and the inceptor and inaugurator of large industrial propositions and public improvements, Mr. Alger has been equally conspicuous as a statesman, publicist and political leader, besides in an unusual de- gree being a director of thought and a molder of opinion. An active Democrat, he was elected to the state legislature in 1895. He served with great acceptability for two terms as mayor of the city of Sheridan, while in 1898 he was placed in candidacy for the high office of governor of 'the state, and after a closely contested cam- paign showed a very complimentary vote at the polls, but failed of an election. Mr. Alger has touched every link of the fraternal chain of Freemasonry up to the Thirty-second degree and occupies an exalted place in the order of Knights of Pythias and also in the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, of which he was a charter member of the local lodge. In all the relations of life he is an unostentatious gentle- man, of fine physique and mental endowment, who possesses the warm friendship of the lead- ing men of the state' by reason of his numerous good qualities and character. No public or private benefaction or enterprise, will ever languish from his non-support. MRS. MARY F. ALSOP. One of the pioneer women of Wyoming, whose late husband, Thomas Alsop, was one of the leading frontiersmen and pathfinders of the western plains and also one of its leading and prosperous stockgrowers. Mrs. Mary F. Alsop, whose postoffice is Laramie, Albany county, by her courage, devotion and her earnest and practical sympathy was a very great sustainer arid assistant to her husband who always took a very prominent part in the early settle- ment of Wyoming and was one of the earliest pioneers in the cattle industry on the Laramie plains. He was a native of England, born in 1836. His parents emigrated from their native country when he was five years old, settling in the state of New York, where his father William Alsop was a prosperous farmer. He grew to manhood in the Empire State and there acquired his education and remained with his parents, occupied in farming operations on the home farm. In i860 he determined to seek his fortune in the far West, and came to the territory of Wyoming, then on the extreme western frontier and hun- dreds of miles farther west than railroads had been constructed. From Wyoming he went to Salt Lake City, Utah, remained for a short time, and then returned to New York. But his spirit of adventure and enterprise was too strong to permit him to remain contented in New York 3io PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. and in 1864 he again came west, at Omaha ac- cepting a position with a large outfit, engaged in transporting freight overland from Omaha to Salt Lake. He remained in this occupation for some time, his business leading him frequently over the section of Wyoming which afterwards became the scene of his stockgrowing industry, and he was the first person to note the superior advantages of the country in the vicinity of Lara- mie as a cattleraising locality. Leaving the em- ploy of the freighting company he settled on the Big Laramie River, about eight miles from Lara- mie City, and entered upon the business of rais- ing cattle and horses. He met with conspicuous success in his undertakings and soon engaged extensively in raising horses, cattle and sheep, and for many years was one of the largest oper- ators in that section of the western country. He continued to reside at his orginal settlement on the Big Laramie until 1882, when he removed to the Little Laramie River, where the present ranch property of Mrs. Alsop is situated, and re- mained there until his death which occurred in 1889. He was truly one of the leading stockmen of Wyoming, being the owner of thousands of cattle, horses and sheep, and he made a specialty of raising the finest grades of Shorthorn and Durham cattle. Politically, he was a stalwart Democrat, and ever took an active and foremost part in public affairs, although he never sought or desired public office. He consented to ser/e the people for a number of years on the board of county commissioners, but he steadfastly re- fused to accept any other political office, pre- ferring to devote his entire time and attention to the care and management of his extensive busi- ness interests. During the early days of Wyo- ming he was ever at the front in the advocacy of every measure for the benefit of the commu- nity or the state. He was a great hunter and plainsman, and his experiences during the fron- tier days being of a varied and interesting char- acter. His father resided in New York up to the time of his death in 1895, when he was eighty- three years old. In 1871, Thomas Alsop was united in marriage in Dcs Moines, Iowa, to Miss Alan- F. Bringolf, who was born in Missouri in 1848, the daughter of Jacob and Mary (Hop- kins) Bringolf, the former a native of Pennsyl- vania and the latter of Indiana. Her father re- moved his residence in early life from his native state to Missouri and later to Iowa, where he engaged in farming in which he also continued until his death which occurred in 1889. He was the son of Melcher Bringolf, a native of Holland. The mother of Mrs. Alsop passed away on April 5, 1865, at the age of forty years, being the daughter of Daniel and Hester (Duncan) Hop- kins. The Hopkins family were allied to the Polk family, of which President James K. Polk was perhaps the most distinguished member. To Mr. and Mrs. Alsop four children were born, John D., Marie L.. William J. and Thomas J., all now living and the country home of the fam- ily, situated about fifteen miles west of the city of Laramie, is widely noted for its hospitality, as . well as its picturesque surroundings and its many evidences of comfort and refinment. DAVID ANDERSON. The sons of Scotland inevitably make their mark in whatever part of the world they may happen,' through the mutations of time and travel, to cast their lot, and the able gentleman whose name opens this biographical record is no exception to the rule. David Anderson, the contractor and builder at Evanston, Uinta county, Wyoming, was born in Glasgow, Scot- land, on January 2, 1853, a son of David and Margaret (Ferguson) Anderson, the former of whom was born in 1797 near the city named, where he was reared a farmer. The father died in Glasgow, December 31, 1852, a devout mem- ber of the Presbyterian church, his remains being interred at the little village of Chryston. Mrs. Margaret (Ferguson) Anaerson was a daughter of James and Margaret (Connel) Fer- guson, who were also farming people. James and Margaret Ferguson were married in 1810, and were probablv born about T774. The mother, Margaret Anderson, died on December 21, 1884, in Glasgow, where her remains were interred in ]anefield cemetery. David Ander- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 3" son was the youngest in a family of three boys and three girls, who all had the advantage of a solid education in the excellent public schools of Glasgow. After quitting school, young An- derson learned the trade of a joiner, after which he engaged in the manufacture of fur- niture in Glasgow for about five years, and a few years later, in 1885, came direct to Evans- ton, Wyo., and at once entered upon the career of contracting and building which he has since carried on with eminent success, many of the finest buildings in Evanston and the surround- ing country being the result of his handicraft. Mr. Anderson makes many judicious ventures in real-estate, principally in city lots, on which he erects buildings adapted to business or dwelling purposes and is the owner of some of the finest edifices of Evanston. He was united in marriage, in Evanston, on December 21, 1894, with Miss Annie B. Black, an adopted daughter of John and Elizabeth (Ferguson) Black, which union has been blessed with four children, namely : David and Elizabeth (twins) born November 4, 1895, but of these. Eliza- beth died at the age of five months; John B., born June 14, 1897; Margaret, born March 16, 1900. The parents are members of the Presby- terian church, to the support of which they are munificent in their contributions and in which faith they are rearing their children and them- selves strictly adhere. When Mr. and Mrs. An- derson came to Evanston, John Black, an adopted brother of Mrs. Anderson, had been a resident of the city for over a year, acting in the capacity of bookkeeper for Blyth & Fargo; but he was called away from earth on Novem- ber 24, 1894, and his mother on the 28th day of December 1895, the remains of both being interred in Evanston. The Anderson family is . classed with the pioneers of the city, being highly esteemed for many personal virtues. MRS. LOUISA M. BAILY. A highly respected resident of Centennial Valley, Albany county, Wyoming, Mrs. Louisa M. Baily, is there conducting a large and success- ful business in ranching and cattleraising. She is the widow of the late Jason D. Baily, a prosper- ous cattleman of Albany county for many years, but who passed away in 1894, at the age of for- ty-five years, he being a native of Pennsyl- vania, and also the son of Humphrey and Fi- lena (Davis) Baily, both being natives of that state. During his youthful years the parents of Mr. Baily removed from Pennsylvania to Iowa, where they engaged in farming. Here he grew to man's estate and received his early education in the public schools. He .continued to reside in the state of Iowa until 1873, when he disposed of his property in that state and re- moved to the city of Laramie, Wyo., and ac- cepted a posititon in the shops of the Union Paci- fic Railroad, and continued there employed until 1879, when he purchased ranch property near Sheep Mountain which he occupied about four years. He then disposed of that property and took up a homestead in Centennial Valley, where he continued to reside up to the time of his de- cease, and where Mrs. Baily now resides. He was successfully engaged in the stock business during the remainder of his life, and left a large estate to his widow and children. In politics he was a stanch member of the Republican party and an earnest advocate of the principles of that political organization, although he never sought or desired a public office, preferring to devote his entire time and attention to the care and management of his private business interests. But he conceived it to be the duty of every American citizen, under our form of govern- ment, to interest himself in the conduct of public affairs to an extent sufficient to guar- antee the safe and economical carrying on of public business. He was a very progressive, en- terprising and useful citizen, and his prema- ture death was a serious loss to the state and he was deeply mourned by his family, his busi- ness associates and fellow citizens. Mrs. Baily was born in 1858, in Illinois, a daughter of Ash- bell and Almeda (Vining) Mapes. Her father was a native of Ohio, and was engaged in the occupation of farming. He moved to Henry county, 111., when a young man and was married 3 I2 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. there, and later in life he removed his residence to Kansas, where he continues in agricultural pursuits. Her mother, a native of Pennsylvania, died in 1901 at the age of sixty-two years. Mrs. Baily's paternal grandfather was William Mapes and her grandmother was Sarah (Messenger) Mapes, both natives of the state of New York, and well-known citizens. The ancestors of Jason D. Baily were among the earliest of the pioneer settlers of Pennsylvania, being members of the colony of Friends which first began the civiliza- tion of the Keystone State. Mr. and Mrs. Baily were united in marriage at Laramie, on Decem- ber 2, 1877, and six children were born to bless their home life, Edwin, Philena, Myrtle, Susan, Joel J., deceased, and Emily. The family is one of the most respected in the section of country where their home is situated. Mrs. Baily is car- rying on the business along the same successful lines as those pursued by her husband, and is meeting with corresponding success. Her ranch is one of the best managed properties in Albany county and is being added to each year. She deserves great credit for the ability she has dis- played in the care and management of her prop- erty and in the careful education of her children. HON. NAT. BAKER. Among the prominent and well-known men of Wyoming, is the mayor of the thriving city of Lusk, Hon. Nat. Baker, who comes of old Southern stock, a native of Plantersville, Texas, where he was born on June 17, 1859, the son of Isaac B. and Jane Pinxton Baker, both na- tives of Alabama, his paternal grandfather be- ing Isaac Baker, and his maternal grandfather. Lucien Pinxton, both well-known and prominent citizens of Alabama. His grandfather Baker removed from Alabama to Texas many years ago, where he became the owner of an exten- sive plantation and a large slave-holder, and permanently resided. The father of our sub- ject continued to reside in Texas, following the occupation of planter and merchandising, being the father of five sons, of whom Hon. Nat, Raker, the third one, grew to manhood in his native state and received his early education from private tutors and the neighboring schools. Subsequently he matriculated at the Bailey University, at Waco, Texas, and pursued a course of study at that institution. Having had the misfortune to lose his mother when he was but two years old, and his father when he was but ten, after he had completed his education he removed to the city of Sherman, Texas, where he was employed as the deputy clerk of the district court for a short time, then joining the stampede to the new mining camp at Lead- ville, Colo., which was attracting adventurous spirits from all sections of the country. He remained at Leadville but a few days and re- turned to Denver, where he became the ticket agent of the Denver and Rio Grande Railroad and the Atchison, Topeka and Sante Fe Rail- road. He continued in these positions for about three years, and then engaged in contracting for tin, slate and galvanized-iron roofing. In this business he met with success for about two years, when he sold out to good advantage and, in January, 1886, came to Lusk, Wyoming, and engaged in merchandising and stockraising. He continued in these pursuits with marked success up to 1895, when his stock interests had grown to such proportions as to require his entire time and attention, and he disposed of his mercantile holdings and has since devoted his energies to the care and management of his live stock business. In February, 1884, Mayor Baker was united in marriage with Miss Eliza Dunnica, a native of Missouri, and to their union had come two children, Nat, Jr., and Leona J., and their home life was a notably happy one until death called for Mrs. Baker on January 9, 1899. Fraternally, Mr. Baker is affiliated with the Masonic order, is a mem- ber of the lodge at Denver, Colo., being also a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He takes an active interest in pro- moting the fraternal and social life of the com- munity and is always foremost in acts of char- ity and public spirit. For many years Mayor • Baker has been considered one of the leading public men of Wyoming, In 1890. after the PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 3 J 3 admission of the territory as a state, he was elected a member of the first legislative as- sembly of the state, discharging the important duties of that position with such ability and dis- tinction that he was reelected in 1892. He was one of the leaders of the House during his entire term of service, trusted by his party as- sociates and respected by the opposition. In 1892, he was prominently mentioned as a can- didate for the governorship of the state, and his following among the people is second to that of no man in Wyoming". Many measures of useful legislation now on the statute books of the state witness to his industry and devotion to the public interest. His enterprise and pub- lic spirit have done much to build up and de- velop the state's resources and few have con- tributed more to its settlement. The people owe him a debt of gratitude which they are more than willing to pay and they will not fail in the future to confer upon him suitable dis- tinction. He is now serving his second term as mayor of the city of Lusk, and his admin- istration has been marked by success, substan- tial growth and improvement to the city. He is one of those rare public officials whose ser- vices to the welfare of the general public can illy be dispensed with. SAMUEL BLACKHAM. One of the oldest and most respected citi- zens of Evanston, Wyoming, and a pioneer frontiersman, Samuel Blackham, was born in Stockport, Lancashire, England, on September 28, 1834, a son of Samuel and Martha (Robin- son) Blackham. The father was born in Stafford- shire, England, in 1800, and died in 1873 at Stockport, where he is also buried. He was a blacksmith and the son of another, blacksmith, an- other Samuel, also buried at Stockport, who lived to be ninety-three years of age. His wife, grandmother of Samuel of Evanston, was Lucy, born in Staffordshire and buried in the same place. Martha (Robinson) Blackham was born in Lancashire, England. She was a Mormon and came to Salt Lake City, Utah, whither she brought her family to America in 1856, leaving her husband in England. Her father was James Robinson, and she died in 1889 at the age of eighty-two and is buried at Moroni, Utah. Samuel Blackham of Evanston went to work in the mills of England at sixteen years and continued to be there employed until he reached the age of twenty-one, when he came with his mother to America. While she went to Salt Lake City he stopped at Laramie, Wyo., working for the government the first winter. In the spring he went to Leavenworth, Kan., and in 1858 to St. Joseph, Mo., in the vicinity of which place he remained two years, and here in i860 he married, then moving to Allegheny City, Pa., to work at the trade of stone masonry which he had learned in America. In 1862 he went to Salt Lake City and remained six years, and afterwards was in Kaysville, Utah, for two years. He first came to Evanston in 1870, being engaged in mining for some years, but after- wards and ever since he has followed his trade as a stone-mason. He has occupied his present, prettily situated and attractive home continu- ously for the past thirty- two years. In poli- tics Mr. Blackham is a Democrat, and at pres- ent he is the constable of the town. He was its first marshal, and has held the position of special deputy for the county for sixteen years. He is an Odd Fellow and a charter member of the first encampment founded here. As al- ready noted Mr. Blackham was married in i860. Mrs. Blackham was formerly Mary A. Lamb, a daughter of Alfred and Mary A. (Crew) Lamb, being born in Lancashire, England. She came to the United States with her parents in 1853, and she is qualified by birth and breeding to be the wife of a pioneer. Her father when a lad came home one day to find his stepmother beating his little sister, who was sick at the time. He interposed and struck his stepmother and this so angered his father, a wealthy and titled gentleman of London, that he disinherited Alfred, whom he, however, sent to college. On finishing his course the boy still refused to apologize for his earlier conduct to his step- mother and the father then cast him off. There- 3H PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. upon the youth started out for himself in the world, his brothers, Benjamin and James, leav- ing home with him. At the junction of the streets in the great city of London the three brothers shook hands and parted, each taking a. different road, but hoping that the fates might some time bring them together again. James became a colonel in the army and Benjamin a sea captain, but he has never since seen Benja- min. He has never forgotten the harsh con- duct of his father and stepmother, nor can he ever forgive the unjust treatment he received. Alfred Lamb was married in England to Mary A. Crew, a woman cast in the finest of heroic molds, ever ready to help the needy, and a fa- mous nurse of the afflicted. She nursed in County Manchester during the cholera epi- demic and in London when the black fever was raging there. She and her husband nursed each other in turn when the plague overtook them. Mr. Lamb came to America in 1853 and left his family at Mineral Point, Iowa, and went to L T tah to there make a home for them, but he was a Quaker and could not tolerate the be- liefs and practices of the Mormons, and so started back alone to his family at Mineral Point, having only his gun. A hardy and de- termined man, he shot his living on the way through the wilderness, across which he had to travel. Coming to the Platte River with its treacherous quicksands, he pinned up a note saying that if he succeeded in crossing safely he would pin another announcement to that effect on the opposite bank, but if he failed to cross successfully he asked the finders of the first note to warn his wife and children not to come to a fate so detestable as. awaited them in Utah. He, however, succeeded in reaching his family safely after his hard and perilous journey. So incensed was he against the Mormons that he destroyed the records of his property locations, which were in the center of what is now the city of Ogden. From Mineral Point, Iowa, Mr. Lamb went to St. Joseph, Mo., where he en- gaged in the shoe business. Later he moved to Kansas City and still later to Evanston, Wyo., where he remained until his death, which oc- curred in 1873, at the age of eighty, his wife dy- ing in the same year, aged seventy-three. Both are buried in Evanston. Mr. and Mrs. Black- ham, of whose forebears we have tried to give some account, find their chief delight at home. Mrs. Blackham is a purely domestic woman and both, as parents, have a family in which they may well take both pride and joy. The children have numbered twelve : Samuel, Mary, Eliza- beth, Benjamin, Rosetta, Lydia, Lucy, Martha, Alfred, Olive, Thomas and Dolly, and nine sur- vive : Martha, Alfred and Dolly having passed away. The girls are not only the pride of their parents, but the joy of all that know them, hav- ing that lively, cheery disposition that brings gladness wherever they may be. Their father is among the oldest pioneers in this section, and yet a hale, hearty, well-preserved man. PHILIP H. BATH. A prosperous ranchman and stockgrower of Albany county, Philip H. Bath, whose ad- dress is Mandel, Wyoming, was born in New York City, in 1859, the son of Henry and Cath- erine (Fisher) Bath, well-known and highly re- spected residents of that metropolis. He grew to man's estate at Laramie, and received his early education in the public schools of that vicinity. When he had completed his educa- tion and attained to the age of twenty-one years he entered upon the business of ranching and stockgrowing in Albany county. 'Starting with onlv 160 acres and a small band of cattle, he has gradually increased his holdings, both of land and cattle as well as horses, until he now is the owner of a fine ranch comprising about 1.200 acres of land, well fenced . and improved, with suitable buildings and appliances for the carry- ing on of successful stockraising operations and having large bands of both horses and cattle. By hard work, perseverance and close attention to all details of his business, he has built up a profitable enterprise which is rapidly assuming extensive proportions. In 1882 Mr. Bath was united in marriage with Miss Anna Puis, a native of Germany and a daughter of Carl PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 3*5 and Lucy (Stenes) Puis, both natives of the Fatherland. The father of Mrs. Bath was born in 1834 and died in 1897, being buried at Leigh, Neb. Her mother passed away in the year 1886, and is buried in Germany. Mr. and Mrs. Bath have five children, Mabel, Caroline, Irene, Henry P., and Beatrice, and their home is especially noted for its generous and genial hospitality. As a stanch adherent of the Democratic party, Mr. Bath is a loyal supporter of the principles and candidates of that political organization, although he is in no sense an office-seeker, having often de- clined to accept political honors tendered him by his party. The management of his large and fast growing business requires his entire time and attention and the only public office which he has ever been willing to hold is that of postmaster of Mandel, Wyoming, a po- sition he is now occupying. Fraternally, he is affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, taking a deep interest in all its fraternal work. Mr. Bath is one of the solid and substantial business men and property owners of Albany county and one of its most respected citizens. In his stockgrowing opera- tions he takes especial pride in the breeding of fine Shorthorn cattle and Clydesdale draught horses, owning a large number of the most val- uable animals of his section of Wyoming. He is one of the foremost men of his county and has done much to promote its advancement and develop its resources. HON. ELMER T. BELTZ. - One of the most efficient public officials of Wyoming, whose management of the Laramie postoffice has given him a reputation extend- ing far beyond the limits of his state, Hon. El- mer T. Beltz, was born in Bedford county, Pa., on July 19, 1861, the son of Adam and Naomi (Gordon) Beltz, both natives of the Keystone State. His father followed the occupation of a tanner and was one of the most highly re- spected citizens of Bedford county. At the time of the breaking out of the Civil War he was among the first in his county to respond to the patriotic call of President Lincoln, en- listing in Co. E, One Hundred and Thirty- eighth Pennsylvania Regiment, and in his very eventful service in the Army of the Potomac, he participated in many engagements during the early years of the war, and at the battle of Cold Harbor, Va., in June, 1863, he was killed in action, patriotically giving his life to his country. When his son, Elmer, was five years of age he was placed in the Soldier's Orphan School of Pennsylvania, and there received a thorough education, being graduated from the institution at the age of sixteen. He then ac- cepted a position as an apprentice for the pur- pose, of learning the milling business, remain- . ing' in this service for four years, then he en- gaged in the mercantile business at Spring Hope, Pa., for one year and met with consid- erable success. During this time he received an appointment as postmaster of that place from President Garfield, and it was a source of much regret to the people of Spring Hope when he decided to remove from that state, but be- lieving that business conditions would be more favorable in the country farther to the west he disposed of his property and business and came to Nebraska. Here he established his home at the town of Edgar and engaged in loaning money and handling live stock. In 1884 he dis- posed of his business to good advantage and re- moved to Laramie, Wyo., where he entered upon the real estate and insurance business, in^ which he has since" been interested. After com- ing to Laramie he filled a position as a railway mail clerk for a period of one year, his duties requiring him to run between Cheyenne, Wyo., and Ogden, Utah, and Huntington, Ore. In June, 1898, he received the appointment of postmaster of Laramie from the late President William McKinley, and he has since given the greater portion of his time to the discharge of the duties of that important office. During his incumbency of that position he has thor- oughly reorganized the business, adding con- siderably to the working force, and also mater- ially improving the efficiency to the public. 316 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. The letter-carrier service and also the system of free rural delivery have been so highly improved upon as to bring his management of the Laramie postoffke to the especial attention of the postoffke department, and to occasion very much favorable comment throughout the country. Special agents have been sent to Laramie to receive instructions in the methods of work inaugurated under the direction of Postmaster Beltz, with a view to adopting a similar system in other places. Politically, he has ever been a stanch member of the Repub- lican party, and for many years he has been one of the most active and trusted leaders of that political organization in Wyoming. He is an eloquent advocate of the principles of Republicanism, believing they are for the best interests of the country, and he is ever foremost in the promotion of measures calculated to ad- vance the interests of the party. Enterprising and deeply interested in the public welfare, he is held in high esteem by all classes of his fel- low citizens, without reference to party affilia- tions, and is one of the most valued citizens of his section of the state. In 1882, at the city of Cumberland, Md., Mr. Beltz was united in marriage to Miss Mary Hounihen, a native of that state, where her parents were long well known and .highly respected. They have one son, Warren E. Beltz, a young man of fine ability and much promise. The home of Mr. Beltz is a popular gathering place for his politi- cal and personal friends, and he takes pleasure in dispensing there a generous and genial hos- pitality to all. No man enjoys a wider popu- larity, and if he so desired, there are few places within the gift of the people that he might not attain. Fraternally, Mr. Beltz is affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Order of Red Men and with the Modern AVood- men of America, and has an active interest in the fraternal life of the city of Laramie. In all works of fraternity and charity, he takes a foremost part, being unfailing in his assistance of movements for the public good. No man in Albany county has a record more deserving of public commendation. GEORGE BOLLN. Conspicuously identified with the mercantile and public interests of Converse county, and having seen a great diversity of life in this new country of his adoption, George Bolln, the pro- gressive and up-to-date merchant of Douglas, Wyoming, deserves a place in any volume pur- porting to treat of the "Progressive Men of Wyoming." Mr. Bolln was born on September 16, 1847, m the ancient maritime city of Ham- burg, Germany, which lies so picturesquely on the banks of the Elbe, the son of Joachin Bolln and Catherine (Heitman) Bolln, both being na- tives of Hamburg and of sterling old German ancestry, devoting their lives to agriculture in their native land. After his education at the gymnasium and other excellent schools of Hamburg, Mr. Bolln learned the baker's trade in his home city, emigrating, however, in 1876, and coming almost immediately after his arrival in America to Cheyenne, thence soon going to the Black Hills for a year, and, in the expressive language of the West, "going broke." Return- ing to Cheyenne, he gave three years in that city to the baking business, thereafter driving forty cows from Cheyenne to Leadville, Colo., and starting a dairy business, which he sold four months later, while subsequently at Chey- enne he purchased 210 steers and heifers, and within a year all of this stock but three were stolen. This insignificant remainder, with a few- horses he possessed, he sold and secured em- ployment in a hotel, at the end of six months leasing the hotel, conducting it with financial profit for three years, then selling all of his property, furniture, etc.. and removing to Fort Fetterman, where he purchased the mercantile establishment of Altaian & Co., carrying on at this place until 1888 a brisk and profitable trade in general merchandise. In the last named year he removed his stock to Douglas, purchased one of the store buildings he now occupies, and bas since been engaged in the sale of general merchandise at both wholesale and retail, his business attaining wide scope and importance, beinsr numbered araoiF the leading;- mercantile PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 317 houses of the entire county. Here Mr. Bolln now has two large stores with a frontage of fifty feet, one' being devoted exclusively to the drygoods trade and the other to his groceries, hardware, crockery, etc. Mr. Bolln has two capacious warehouses, one being 100 feet in length, and carries a large stock of all the goods suitable to the representative patronage he en- joys. In 1900 he invested in sheep, and from his ranches of about 500 acres on the Platte River he runs a fine band. A staunch Demo- crat in political faith, he has been an efficient worker in his party, his eligibility for official station being distinctly recognized by his elec- tion for two successive terms as a member of the board of county commissioners, serving with conceded ability for one term as chairman- of the board, while in the city he has held the office of councilor and mayor to the satisfac- tion of the most critical and to the advancement of the city's best interest. In 1894 he was the nominee of his party for state treasurer, but owing to the exigencies of the campaign was not elected, although polling a handsome vote. He was one of the organizers of the First Na- tional Bank of Douglas and a member of its directorate. On April 1, 1887, occurred the wedding ceremonies uniting Mr. Bolln and Miss Pauline Muegel, a native of Bohemia, and the\ have two winsome children, Henry and Esther. Their hospitable residence is a fine brick struc- ture, modern in style and architecture, and here this worthy gentleman delights in entertaining his numerous friends. Mr. Bolln is affiliated fraternally with the Odd Fellows and is con- sidered as one of the leading citizens of Doug- las, being public spirited and generous to a high degree and one of the most progressive and successful citizens of the city. WILLIAM BOYCE. Prominent among the progressive and well- to-do early settlers of Wyoming, who have ac- cumulated handsome fortunes in that country of great business opportunities, is William Bovce, a resident of Box Elder, in the county of Laramie. Born on April 15, 1854, he is a native of County Armagh, Ireland, and the son of William and Mary (Orr) Boyce, also natives of that county. His father was a farmer m the old country up to the time of his death, which occurred in September, 1883, the mother having passed away in 1862, and both lie buried in the sod of County Armagh, Ireland, near the scenes of their lives' activities. William Boyce grew up in his native county, receiving schooling there until he had attained the age of fifteen years, when he went on a visit to relatives in America, who were residing in Franklin county, Mo. Arriving there in 1869, he secured employ- ment in a large vineyard with a view to acquir- ing a practical knowledge of the winemaking and grapegrowing business, which was then a great industry in that section. He continued in this employment for five years, thoroughly famil- iarizing himself with that business, and in 1874, desiring to see more of the country further west, he accepted a position with a government sur- veying party, with which he came to the then ter- ritory of Wyoming. Here he remained during the summer and passed the winter at Camp Robinson, in the following spring going to Cheyenne. Accepting employment on a ranch owned by Henry G. Hay, on Lone Tree Creek, he remained there for eighteen months, acquir- ing a good knowledge of stockraising. In 1876 he resigned, his position, to engage in business for himself and came to the section of coun- try where he now resides. Here he bought out the right of a party who was then occupying the land constituting a portion of his present ranch, and made a government filing upon it in his own name, subsequently purchasing it from the United States. This property is sit- uated on Box Elder Creek, about twenty-eight miles west by south of the city of Cheyenne. He also owns a considerable tract of adjacent land in Colorado, his residence being only about one-fourth of a mile north of the state line. Since that time he has made his residence continuously at this place, and has been en- gaged in the combined vocations of dairying, gardening and cattleraising. He has been very 3i8 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. successful, being now the owner of over 4,200 acres of the finest stock land in that section, with over 200 acres under cultivation of grains and vegetables. His gardening and dairy departments have grown to very extensive propor- tions, and he finds a profitable market for all his produce in all of those lines in the city of Cheyenne. His cattle are among the very best grades in the state, those used in his dairy being of high graded Shorthorn Durham stock, and his range stock being most thorough-bred Herefords. He has always found that the better grades of stock pay a higher return on the in- vestment, than those of a lower type. On No- vember 14, 1879, Mr. Boyce was united in wed- lock at the town of Marble Hill, Bollinger coun- ty, Mo., with Miss Salina Mayer, a native of that state and a daughter of Alfred and Louisa Mayer, the former being a native of France and the latter of Germany. The father of Mrs. Boyce was a watchmaker and jeweler, who for- merly resided in Memphis, Tenn., and subse- quently removed his residence from that city to the town of Bollinger, in Missouri. After a residence of some years in the latter place ho again returned to Memphis, where he remained up to the time of his death in 1872. He is buried in that city. The mother passed away at the home of her daughter in Box Elder in 1891, and is buried at Virginia Dale, Colo. Eight children have blessed the union of Mr. and Mrs. Boyce, Louisa, William A., Edward A., Alice G., Emelia, Lee, Hattie and May, all of whom are living. Mr. and Mrs. Boyce are members of the Methodist Episcopal church, and active participants in all church and charity work. Fraternally Mr. Boyce is affiliated with the Order of Modern Woodmen of America, being a member of the lodge at Cheyenne. Politically, he is identified with the Republican party, and for many years he has taken a prom- inent part in the local councils of that part}'. He has never held public position, or had desire for office, although he has been often solicited by his friends and neighbors to become a can- didate for important positions. His private business has fully occupied his time and atten- tion and satisfied his ambition, and his energy and good judgment are fast building up one of the most substantial and best paying properties in the state, while his successful career and sterling traits of character have won for him the highest respect and esteem of all who know him. JAMES B. BOYER. There is scarcely any occupation among the handicrafts that engage the industry of man more important or more pressing in continuous necessity than that of flourmilling ; for what- ever other elements of happiness may be at hand, the requirement for bread is as old and as universal as the human race. And those who contribute in supplying this demand in good quality and measure, especially where the con- ditions are more or less unfavorable, must be reckoned among the benefactors of mankind. It is gratifying to make specific mention of one of the most successful and useful of these peo- ple in this record of the life and achievements of James B. Boyer of Wheatland, one of the progressive men of Wyoming and a potential force in its development and progress. He is- a native of that part of the Old Dominion which now forms the great state of West Virginia, having been born in Upshur county in 18C3. His parents were W. C. and. Eliza (Queen) Boyer, natives of the same locality, where the father was a millwright and followed his trade until just before his death in Parkersburg on June 13, 1899. His wife survived him a year, dying in 1900. Their son, James, was educated in the public schools of his native state, com- pleting his course at Parkersburg, where he remained until he was nineteen years old. In 1882, hearkening to the voice of the awakened West calling for volunteers in the great army of industry she was gathering to develop and make fruitful her mighty domain, he came to Lincoln, Neb., and there entered the employ of the Burlington & Missouri Railroad as a surveyor. His work covered much of Nebraska and Kansas and occupied three years in time. In 1885 he left the service of the railroad com- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 319 pany and, locating at Cawker City, Kan., went into the flourmilling- establishment of the Jack- son Bros. Co. at that point and remained there nine years, learning the business thoroughly in every detail, constructive, mechanical and financial. In 1894 he removed to Plainville, and in partnership with the Burrough Brothers, built large mills and carried on a very active business, laying an extensive scope of country under tribute to its expanding volume and con- stantly increasing its gratified patronage. In 1897 he sold his interest to his partners and came to Wheatland, Wyo., where he erected the mill he now owns and conducts, one of the best in the state in character and completeness of equipment, and he does the leading business of that section of the country in its line. At Cawker City, Kan., on June 19, 1889, he was united in marirage with Miss Ida M. Blanken- ship, a native of Missouri. They have four chil- dren, 'Stella, John, Emil and Stacy. Mr. Boyer is energetic and zealous in several fraternal or- ders, being a Woodman of the World, a United Workman, with a membership at Stockton, Kan., an Odd Fellow in the lodge at Wheatland and a Freemason, affiliated with Wheatland Lodge at Wheatland, Royal Arch Chapter and the Consistory of the Thirty-second degree, Scot- tish Rite, at Cheyenne. In politics he is a con- sistent Republican, and although averse to public life, allowed himself to be elected county commissioner of his county in November, 1900. JOHN N. BRIGHT. This respected retired stockraiser, having a ranch located twelve miles west of Fort Lara- mie, and situated on the Laramie River, al- though a resident of that section for only three or four years, is widely known and exceedingly popular. He was born in Franklin county, Ohio, on September 13, 1846, a son of Rev. Jesse D. and Rebecca (Vinrick) Bright, natives of Pennsylvania. The father was a minister of the Methodist church for forty years and at various times was stationed in different middle and eastern states, being recognized as a zeal- ous, ardent and eloquent expounder of the Gos- pel and a pious Christian. He had been living near Independence, Kan., about three years when his untimely death was caused by a run- away accident on July 3, 1872, to the unspeaka- ble grief of his family and of a large circle of warm-hearted friends. The remains of the un- fortunate divine were sadly lowered into their last resting place in the consecrated earth at- tached to the house of worship in which the flock over which he had presided in life paid their devotion, and deep and bitter was the mourning at his loss. His widow did not long survive him, but passed away in 1877 and was buried in Linn county, Kan. John N. Bright was educated in Illinois and Kansas and, as his father had a farm near Independence, Kan., John N. aided in the cultivation of this until he went to Missouri and engaged in farming near Sedalia on his own account in i865. He prospered fairly until 1869, when he returned to Kansas and entered a homestead in Mont- gomery county, cultivated it until 1878, and then went to the lead mines in the southeastern part of the state, thence he crossed the line into Colorado, where he engaged in mining for about three years. In February, 1883, Mr. Bright came to Wyoming and settled on his present ranch and embarked in cattleraising, in which he did a large business until the fall of 1899, when he turned over its management to his two sons, who have proved to be worthy successors of their father. Mr. Bright, how- ever, keeps a general supervision over the af- fairs of the ranch, passing his leisure hours at his model home in Hartvillle. He has been a good business man in every sense of the word, and has valuable real-estate. Besides his resi- dent property, he owns several lots in Hart- ville, which he does not fail to turn to good ac- count, and his ranch of 360 acres bids fair soon to become increased in its dimensions, as his sons continue to prosper. John N. Bright was married on November 18, 1866, in Georgetown, Mo., to Miss Frances A. Barnes, a native of Missouri and a daughter of Joseph and Mary G. (Coy) Barnes, who came from their native 320 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. state of Tennessee to Missouri in a very early day. Joseph Barnes was a loyal Unionist and served in the Seventh Missouri Infantry during the Civil War and, after returning from the per- formance of his duty in the military service of his country, he settled down in Cedar county, Mo., and engaged in farming until called away by death in November, 1870. His remains were interred in the county in which he died ; his widow died in January, 1895, and was buried in Saline county, Mo. To the marriage of John N. and Frances A. Bright have been born six children, Delia, who died August 8, 1878, when but thirteen months old, and whose remains lie buried near Independence, Mo. ; Alta (Gard- ner) ; M. Rosa (St. Clair) ; Oba and Ora, twins, of whom Ova died October 16, 1881, when six- teen months old, and was buried beside her sister Delia. John N. Bright is a public-spirited citizen and a loyal Union man. In 1864 ne volunteered in the One Hundred and Forty- third Illinois Infantry to aid in defending the integrity of the nation, but served four months only on account of ill health, yet he has prompt- ly aided all measures of a local character de- signed to promote the welfare of the com- munity. N. S. BRISTOL. Prominent among the business men of his section of Wyoming is Mr. N. S. Bristol of Casper, who is closely identified with the inter- ests of the city and surrounding territory as merchant, banker and stockraiser. A man of keen discrimination, sound judgment and ex- ecutive ability, his excellent management and his personal popularity have brought to him success of more than ordinary character. The progressive and yet the conservative policy he has carried out in all his business plans and methods, commends itself to the people and tends to give him a large patronage in his mercantile trade. He docs not confine his en- ergies to this line, for he is an able financier and is also accounted a representative agriculturist and stockraiser, while in former years he evinced patriotism of a distinctive order by his gallant service as a Union soldier on Southern soil in the Civil War. Mr. Bristol wa§ born in Belvidere, 111., on August 27, 1843, his parents being C. C. Bristol, a native of Rochester, X. Y., and Augusta (Stowell) Bristol, who was born in Waitsfield, A'ermont. The wife of his pa- ternal grandfather was before her marriage a Miss Woodward, her paternal uncle being an aide-de-camp of General Washington in the Revolutionary War, while she attained the re- markable age of ninety-six years. The father of N. S. Bristol, born in 181 1, in 1829 went to Illinois during the exciting episode of the Black Hawk War, which continued until 1832, and there made his home at Belvidere, seventy-eight miles northwest of Chicago, where he acquired large landed estates and resided for over forty years, then migrating with two of his sons to Nebraska, where he died in 1874 at the age of seventy-seven years. N. S. Bristol was the old- est child of the family and his youth was passed at the Belvidere home of his parents. On July 25, 1862, his loyal nature responded to his coun- try's call for soldiers, and he enlisted in Co. J, Ninety-fifth Illinois Infantry, and he gave most faithful and unremitting service until he was honorably discharged in September, 1865, his army life taking him down the Mississippi to Columbus, Memphis, Jackson, Vicksburg, Xew Orleans, the Red River Expedition, being pres- ent at the fall of Vicksburg, and at the taking of Natchez. Participating in most of the his- toric battles and engagements of the Army of the Mississippi, they were with General Stur- gis, when at Guntown, Miss., they had their most desperate engagement, over 600 men go- ing into action and only seventy men and one commissioned officer coming out, all the others being killed, wounded and imprisoned. They were after this in pursuit of General Price from Arkansas to Cape Girardeau, Mo., taking prominent action in the great defeat of Price at Warrensburg, thereafter being at Nashville and in pursuit of Hood's army, then again at Xew Orleans and thence at Mobile Bay, where they aided in the capture of the city, performing great feats of endurance and exhibiting the PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 3 21 valor and soldierly qualities of the finest sol- diery of the world, from Mobile going north- ward and on to Springfield, 111., for muster-out. In the greatest war of many centuries Mr. Bris- tol and his comrades acquitted themselves as bravely and performed as valuable a service as any other of the organizations of the Union army. On returning to civil life Mr. Bristol engaged in merchandising at Ripon, Wis., for two years, on September 17, 1867, marrying with Miss Sarah A. Cloyd, a native of Chicago, and then removing to Belvidere, 111., where he remained until 1872, when he migrated to Boone county, Neb., where for the long period of fourteen years he was busily and profitably engaged in the buying and selling of grain and in the sale of agricultural implements, being prospered in his undertakings, which also in- cluded farming and stockraising. In 1885 he changed his residence to Hay Springs, Neb., where he was in the grain and livestock busi- ness until 1888, when, in the month of March, he located in Casper, Wyo., as a merchant, still continuing his profitable business operations in Nebraska, to which an elevator has been added. From his coming to Casper Mr. Bris- tol has been a conspicuous figure in the business activities of the community and his influence has largely extended into the progress of the brilliant young city. In 1891, by the admis- sion of W. A. Denecke as a partner, the mer- cantile house became N. S. Bristol & Co., while, as Mr. Bristol is an equal partner in the bank with Mr. Denecke, the banking firm is W. A. Denecke & Co. In this city Mr. Bristol intends to make his home, and at this writing is erect- ing a residence commensurate with his idea of home comfort, that will be a valuable addition to the many attractive homes of the place. In company with his son, Elmer J., Mr. Bristol ■owns a large ranch in Deuel county, Neb., where they now have 1,500 head of superior cat- tle, Herefords being their favorite breed, and they also have on this place about 20 head of standard-bred Clydesdale horses. Mr. Bristol does not allow political strife or ambition to draw him from legitimate business. He is a loyal Republican, however, supporting the prin- ciples and candidates of his party with the same earnestness shown in all things in which he en- gages, and for six years he has been one of the regents of the State University of Wyoming. Fraternally he is actively interested in the Grand Army of the Republic and has ascended the lad- der of Masonry to the Thirty-second degree of the Ancient Scottish Rite. The father of Mrs. Bristol, John Cloyd, was a native of Eng- land and came to America when a young man, at once locating in Troy, N. Y. Afterward he moved to Michigan, where he was mar- ried. He died in Nebraska. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Bristol are Elmer J. of Ne- braska,. Lilly E., wife of C. H. Townsend, a merchant of Casper, and Harry C, who- remains at the paternal home. CHARLES E. BUELL. No man's destiny and not even his occupation can be predicted with certainty in our free re- public with its boundless wealth and variety of opportunity. Many a one has left his home in the thickly settled sections and plunged boldly into the wilderness, with no thought of doing more than finding opportunity and perhaps for- tune for himself, and has become by force of cir- cumstances the founder of a town, the builder of a county, the leader of a people. Such as this has been in some measure, the history of Charles E. Buell, who came from his native state of Wisconsin to Wyoming in 1878, and the next year located where Buffalo now stands. He helped to found and name the town and erected the first house built within its limits, the build- ing now occupied by the Transportation Co., which he erected for the Trabing Bros. Mr. Buell was born in Bloomfield, Wis., on July 25, 1855, the son of William I. and Frances M. (Matthews) Buell, natives of New York and Ohio. The father is still farming in Wisconsin, where the son was educated and grew to man- hood. In 1878 he came west to Laramie City, Wyo., and a year later removed to Johnson county, working in both places at his trade of 322 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. carpenter, which he had learned in his native state. In his new location he found plenty of work at his trade although the facilities for doing it were lacking in many respects. The first building in the town, already alluded to, was built from foundation to roof and fully com- pleted without the use of a nail. Mr. Buell worked a year for the Trabing Bros., after which he built what is now the Occidental Hotel and opened it to the public. When the next spring came he took a partner in the business in the person of A. J. McCrea and for years there- after the hostelry was conducted under the firm name of McCrea & Buell. The latter finally sold his interest to Mr. McCrea and settled on a ranch he then owned on Shell Creek, which he had taken up as a homestead, and was the first to be taken up in the county. Here he prospered as a farmer and stockgrower until 1893 when a disastrous fire burned him out and compelled his removal to another ranch he owned. A little later he located on the one which he now occupies and which is known as the Somnesburger ranch. In all he owns 640 acres of excellent land, com- prising a desirable variety of meadow and range, and on this he raises cattle, horses and sheep in considerable numbers of superior quality. He is an enterprising and progressive citizen, fully alive to every chance to advance the interests of his community, and with the requisite public spirit to secure the acceptance and proper use of the chance. On October 17,- 1882, he was united in marriage with Miss Jennie B. Herrick, a native of Wisconsin, in which state the marriage occurred. They have had five children, Helen E., the first white child born in Buffalo; Mabel G. ; Frances L. ; Clarence, deceased ; Miles W. Mrs. Buell's father, Miles Herrick, a native of Xew York, is dead. Her mother, Lutheria Her- rick, resides in Buffalo. HON. LAWRENCE R. BRESNAHEN. One of the leading business and public men of the state of Wyoming, Hon. Lawrence R. Bresnahen, who has been four times mayor of the city of Chevenne, was born at Clummell, Ire- land, in 1850. When he was seven years of age his mother, together with the family, came to America in the hope of bettering their condi- tion in the New World, the father having died in Ireland when our subject was a child. Upon their arrival in this country they settled at Phelps, Ontario county, N. Y., where Mr. Bres- nahen attained man's estate and received his early education in the public schools. When he was sixteen years of age, impelled by the spirit of adventure, he left school to make his own way in the world. Bidding farewell to the scenes of his childhood and early manhood he set out with a young man of about his own age with whom he had attended school to seek his fortune in the far West. Going first to the fron- tier town of Julesburg, Colo., then at the height of its prosperity, he secured employment with Moore & Stanton in a meat market. In 1867 he purchased the business from his employers, and in November removed the establishment to Cheyenne, Wyo., establishing himself there in business and erected one of the first buildings in that place. By his industry, perseverance and careful attention to his business he rapidly built up an extensive and profitable trade, and soon came to be looked upon as one of "the leading business men of that section of the country. For thirty-five years he has been engaged in active business and financial affairs in Cheyenne and the country tributary to that city and has been one of the most important factors in the build- ing up of the town and in laying the foundations of the commonwealth of \\ yoming. No man has done more for the advancement of Cheyenne or to promote the growth and development of the territory and state of Wyoming. Foremost in every enterprise, progressive and public spir- ited, loyal to every interest of the city of his residence and the state of his adoption, he is one of the most prominent men of Wyoming and enjoys the gratitude and esteem of all classes of his fellow citizens. In 1875 ne was elected to the council of the Fourth Territorial Legislature and made a highly creditable record in that position. In 1S76 he was elected mayor of the city of Chevenne. This was a most im- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 3*3 portant year in the history of that city, for it was the year when the patent for the town-site was issued by the United States and the place was just beginning to outgrow its proportions and characteristics as a frontier town. It was largely through the able, far-seeing and unre- mitting endeavors of Mayor Bresnahen that the city waterworks plant was completed and became the actual property of the municipality. He was selected as one of the able commit- tee of twelve to prepare the new city charter for Cheyenne in 1878, immediately after its adoption being elected again to the office of mayor, run- ning on both the Democratic and Republican tickets, showing the esteem in which his services to the public were held by all classes of the peo- ple. At the expiration of this term of office he was again elected to the same position without opposition. He performed the duties of the office with ability and distinction, and to the en- tire satisfaction of his constituents of all parties. At the time of the construction of the state cap- itol building Mr. Bresnahen was the chairman of the commission having charge of the matter and took upon himself the duties of superintend- ent of construction. While the east and west wings of the capitol building were being erected he gave the greater portion of his time to the supervision of the work, greatly to the detri- ment of his private interests. No sacrifice was too great for him in what he conceived to be - the conscientious discharge of his duty to the people of the state, and it was largely due to his efforts, his practical business ability and his untiring devotion to the thorough supervision of the details of the work that such a perfect building was secured for the uses of the public business of the state. In recognition of the great service which he had thus rendered to the state, the state capitol building commission, at a meet- ing held in Cheyenne on January 17, 1888, unani- mously adopted the following resolution, which was ordered spread upon the records of the commission: "Resolved, That the commission desires to place itself on record as being grate- ful in the highest degree to L. R. Bresnahen, 20 the chairman and superintendent of construc- tion, for his zeal, energy and skill manifested in behalf of the capitol ; that to him the people are indebted in large measure for the thoroughness of the work performed on both the east wing and the west wing of said capitol. J. C. Baird, Secretary of the Capitol Building Commission." Such a record falls to the lot of but few men. In addition to his other large property interests in Cheyenne and else where, Mr. Bres- nahen is the owner of a fine stock ranch, com- prising about 2,000 acres of land, which is sit- uated a short distance from the city, and here lie is extensively engaged in handling stall-fed cattle. In this enterprise he has associated a nephew, Mr. Smith, as a business partner and they have met with marked success. In every field of activity, in business, in social life and in public station Mr. Bresnahen is one of the most prominent and successful men of his city and one of the most honored citizens of Wyo- ming. While he was mayor he had Judge Mc- Laughlin draw up, a bill to be forwarded to W. R. Steele, then the delegate to Congress, authorizing the city to purchase 640 acres of land about one and one-half miles west of Cheyenne, which is now very valuable, and forms the base of the water supply of the city. In 1876 he had reserved a large tract of land at the eastern part of the city, since then im- proved as Lake Minnehaha Park. In settle- ment with the railroad company in 1876 he ob- tained a deed to four blocks, now converted into the beautiful city park in the heart of the city and also of land for cemetery purposes with- out cost to the city. In 1891 and 1892 he built the Central avenue viaduct and Snyder street subway and completed the water system. All lands thus acquired are now very valuable, be- ing taken up years ago. These far-sighted oper- ations and labors show a rare and intelligent foresight, and generations yet to come will honor the memory of this wise philanthropist, who was mindful of their welfare before their lives began, planning their happiness with a thought- ful prevision that few would have possessed. 324 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. LYMAN H. BROOKS. Beautifully located on the border of two great states of the American Union, Wyoming and Montana, with the murmuring waters of the romantic Tongue River winding about his ranch of 4,000 acres, comfortably housed in a fine modern residence recently built, whose architectural graces, convenient arrangement, complete equipment and its artistic adornment proclaim his good judgment and excellent taste, with the fruits of his enterprise and thrift bloom- ing and ripening around him and the benefits of his progressiveness and public spirit manifest in the commercial, educational and moral feat- ures of the community he has aided in building up, Lyman H. Brooks of Sheridan county, Wyo., can almost defy the frowns of fortune and feel secure in the prosperity that has crowned his labors and the general esteem he has won from all classes of his fellow citizens. He was born at Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada, on May 5, 1856, the son of Dr. Samuel J. and Lucy (Mills) Brooks, the former a native of Stanstead, Quebec, and the latter of Lunen- burg, Vt. His paternal ancestors have been prominent in American history for generations, and have dignified and adorned every walk of life in their respective times and localities. Their original American progenitor, Thomas Brooks, came to this country in 1636 and set- tled near the present site of the city of Boston, and of his two sons, one located at Cambridge and the other at Worcester. - Lyman H. Brooks belongs to the Worcester branch of the family, and of the Cambridge branch the Rev. Phillips Brooks has been perhaps the most distin- guished religious representative. The Worces- ter Brookses continued to reside in that city, engaged in mercantile pursuits until the grand- father of our Wyoming ranchman removed to Sherbrooke, in the Province of Quebec, and there passed the rest of his life. His son, Sam- uel T. Brooks, was educated at Dartmouth Col- lege, N. H., and after his graduation entered the medical department of McGill University, Montreal, from which he was graduated with the degree of M. D. Practicing his profession at Sherbrooke until 1862, he removed to St. Johnsbury, Vt., and there continued a profes- sional career which was a credit to the family and a benefit to the community. His youngest brother, Edward, was for years a member of the Canadian parliament, and later was ap- pointed to a life position on the supreme bench of the Dominion. In 1894 the Doctor and his wife made their son a visit in Wyoming, and two years after he died at the age of seventy- two, leaving a family of four sons and three daughters. Lyman H. Brooks, the eldest of this family, was graduated from the academy at St. Johnsbury, Vt., and immediately found employment in the counting-room of the Fair- banks Scales Co. as paymaster. In 1880 he quit the hoary traditions, bustling activities and cramped conditions of his New England home, and journeyed westward to the boundless- wealth of material resources, commercial op- portunities and agricultural possibilities as yet undeveloped in the newer states of our great domain, and locating near the site of Sheridan, Wyo., formed a partnership with Frank H. Kil- burn for conducting the cattle business, he hav- ing purchased and brought with him from Colo- rado 100 cows for that purpose. They pitched their tents on the banks of the Tongue River, and their partnership lasted until 1889, when Mr. Brooks bought out the interest of Mr. Kil- burn in their properties. In the meantime, in 1882, foreseeing that when a town was to be located in the neighborhood that Sheridan would be its nucleus, they purchased the old George Reid place covering that locality and also took up a homestead adjacent to it. making that their headquarters. At the same time they sold their cattle and Mr. Brooks en- tered the employ of the Scott & Hank Co. as bookkeeper, remaining there until 18S6, then becoming the manager for John Conrad & Co., whom he served in that capacity for three years. In 1889, when he bought out his partner, Kil- •burn, he also purchased the properties of Mr. McCrea, and formed a new partnership with Alf Diefenderfer, who had been McCrea's part- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 3 2 5 ner in the hardware business, and they continued to conduct business until 1900. In 1893 they bought a ranch and some stock on Tongue River and in 1900, when they dissolved partner- ship, Mr. Diefenderfer took the hardware and other mercantile interests and Mr. Brooks the ranch and cattle, having now 300 to 500 head of superior stock, principally Shorthorns and Herefords. While living and doing business in Sheridan Mr. Brooks took a leading part in the development of the town. He was the pro- moter of the electric light plant, installed in 1894 and in which he was a heavy stockholder until 1902, giving also inspiration and valuable aid to other municipal improvements. He was one of the founders of the Bank of Commerce, in which he has still an important interest. On June 11, 1889, he was married with Miss Kate Ruth Ivey, a native of Wisconsin, whose father, John Ivey, died at his home at Mineral Point in that state, after which the family removed to Wyoming. Three children have blessed this union, Herbert Ivey and Ruth Sanborn, who are living, and Norman Mills, deceased, being one of the principal founders of the town. - JAMES H. BURGESS. Although but a recent acquisition to the bar of Wyoming, and not much more than free from the cap and gown of his graduation in law, James H. Burgess, county attorney of Sheridan county, is sufficiently far from shore to be under full sail in his profession, and has given abun- dant evidence of his capacity to steer his barque to its desired haven. He is a native of Nevada, born on June 16, 1876, the son of James H. and Jane (Pierce) Burgess, natives of Kentucky and early emigrants in 1851 to California, where for a number of years the father engaged in mining and then removed to Nevada, settling at Austin, where he followed the same vocation until his death in 1879. Two years later his widow married J. Wagoner, and removed with him to Wyoming. They made their home at Big Horn in Sheridan county, -and there the son James H. was educated primarily in the public schools. In 1896 he entered the State Univer- sity of Ohio and in 1900 was graduated from its academic or literary department, then began the study of law at Ann Arbor (Mich.) University, and was graduated from the law department of that institution in 1902. Returning to his Wyo- ming home he located at Sheridan and entered actively on the practice of his profession, and in the ensuing fall, that of 1902, he was elected county attorney on the Republican ticket, secur- ing a handsome vote and every assurance of the confidence and esteem of the people. Mr. Bur- g'ess is one of the best educated young men in the county, being also progressive and en- terprising, not only in his profession but in every other interest which engages his atten- tion. He earns the success that he is winning at the bar, by being a careful and diligent stu- dent of legal science and very painstaking and conscientious in conducting his cases. Feel- ing keenly his responsibility as the representative of his client, and as well the intellectual stimulus which the contest gives, he omits nothing that is available on his part to secure success. And yet, while recognizing that the law is a jealous mis- tress, he does not allow her to engross his whole time and energy, but seeks alike, as he has oppor- tunity, the pleasant recreations of social life and the sterner contentions of politics. He is socially a cultivated and entertaining gentleman, but in public affairs is unrelenting in enforcing his con- victions. He still makes his home with his mother and stepfather at Sheridan. In the Old Settlers' meetings and proceedings he takes an active interest as the secretary of their club. All indications bespeak for him a useful and a bril- liant future, socially, politically and, more than all, professionally. JOSEPH W. BYRNE. One of the leading, prosperous and truly representative ranchmen of western Wyoming is the one of whom we now write, Joseph W. Byrne, whose valuable and well-improved home ranch and residence is located on the Big Muddy, six miles south of Piedmont in Uinta 326 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. comity, Wyo. He was born in Ogden, Utah, on August 26, 1855, the oldest child of Moses and ' Catharine (Cardon) Byrne, of whom in- dividual mention is made on other pages of this volume. Acquiring the foundation of a solid education in the common schools of Wyoming, he early engaged in practical business as a freighter, conducting this occupation for him- self and in the employ of others for four years. Seeing the great possibilities of stockraising in Wyoming, in 1881 he took up a desert claim of government land and engaged in ranching, in 1887, he made his permanent home on the school section, where he now resides, this he has finely improved and developed, adding to its acreage until his home estate contains three sections and a half. He also owns 280 acres located thirty miles north of Piedmont, and his whole landed possessions comprise about 3,000 acres. His specialty in. stockraising has been horses, of which he has produced and owns large numbers, some of them being of the very finest strain. The wealth of Mr. Byrne's landed ' estate does not consist entirely in its agricul- ture and stockraising possibilities, for on his property is some promising and valuable oil territory. Always active in public affairs, Mr. Byrne's time and counsel has frequently been asked and given in matters relating to the pub- lic welfare. He has performed the duties of school trustee with conceded ability, while his fitness for the position, his energetic character and other qualifications has made him a nomi- nee of the Populist party for state senator and in' the election he received a very complimen- tary vote. At Aspen, Wyo., on September 30, 1884, Mr. Byrne was united in marriage with Miss Winifred L. Mumford, a daughter of Hice and Robie N. (Washburn) Mumford, natives of Pennsylvania and descendants of old Colonial stock, active in its early history and the Revo- lutionary period of that commonwealth. Mr. and Mrs. Byrne have had seven children, of whom five are now living. Their names are C. Leslie, Cecil M., Lenora A. (died at the age of eleven years), Myrtle A., Ralph L., Cardon (died in infancy) and Joseph N. Mr. Byrne has shown great energy and wise judgment in the cultivation and improvement of the new lands he has purchased and developed and has be- come known as one of the leading stockmen of this section of the state. His sound judgment and common sense have been manifested in all departments of his personal affairs and also in those of public character with which he has been connected. Successful in business, happy in his family relations, with a large circle of friends who appreciate his many good quali- ties, Mr. Byrne's condition in life is enviable. HARRY BARTON CARD. One of the foremost business men of Con- verse county, an excellent type of the men of energy and progressive spirit who have been so largely instrumental in building up the western portion of the United States, Harry Barton Card was born on February 16, 1861, in Toledo, Ohio, the son of Thomas Card and Harriet (Burr) Card, the former being a native of Plainville, Ohio, and the latter of Madison, in the same state. His paternal grandfather, Piatt Card, was the first settler of Manhattan, now a suburb of Toledo, and was the promoter of a line of railroad to the former place before the city had been founded and it was then thought that Manhattan, instead of Toledo, would be the principal place of business. Piatt Card was one of the leading business men of northern Ohio and a large holder of real-estate. Thomas Card early entered the employ of the postal service of the United States, and has continued in that oc- cupation to the present writing, being now a trusted attache of the postoffice at Toledo and the oldest living employe of the P. O. Depart- ment of the United States. In the later nineties of the last century he was tendered a banquet by the leading business men and postal employes of Toledo upon the completion of fifty years of continuous service in the department. He is still active, one of the honored citizens of Toledo, and of Ohio. The mother of Mr. Card was a member of the famous Burr family, which has taken such a prominent part in American history, PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 327 and of which Aaron Burr was a conspicuous figure. Of the Card family, there were five children, Mr. H. B. Card and his twin sister, Ida Amelia, being the youngest members. His education was acquired in the public schools of Toledo, and owing to ill-health in the spring of 1878, he left school, and removed to the then territory of Wyoming. Here he located in the city of Cheyenne, and accepted a position with the Union Cattle Co., with which corporation he remained the most of the time until 1886, when he came to the vicinity of Lost Creek, in what is now Converse county, and engaged in the cattle and horse business, continuing there until 1892, when he disposed of his interests and invested in sheep, making his headquarters in Manville, and carrying on his operations from that point. In 1900, he organized the Card Sheep Co., of which he was the vice-president and manager. This company under his direction has been very successftd, being now the owner of 2,000 acres of land adjoining the townsite of Manville and handling between 30,000 and 40,000 sheep. On April 25, 1888, Mr. Card was married with Miss Edith M. McLaughlin, a native of Illinois, a daughter of Charles McLaughlin, a native of Scotland. Mrs. Card comes of a long-lived race, her great-grandmother being still living at the advanced age of ninety-two years. To their union have been born four children, Nathaniel Forest, Iva May, Julia Elmira and Alma Stella, and all are living. The family home at Manville is noted for its genuine hospitality and their residence is the largest and finest in that section of the state. Fraternally, Mr. Card is affiliated with the Order of Modern Woodmen of America, and also with the Woodmen of the World. The family are active and prominent members of the Methodist Episcopal church, take a leading part in all work of religion and benevolence in the community where they reside and are held in the highest esteem. WILLIAM J. CASHIN. One of the most enterprising and successful merchants of Evanston, Wyoming, William J. Cashin, is a native of New York state, where he was born on Long Island in 1849, his parents being Michael and Margaret (Doheny) Cashin. The former was born in Wexford, Ireland, and came to America the year that William J. was born. He -engaged in the business of nursery- man, having been foreman of a nursery in Ox- ford, England, and he conducted it with success at Flushing, L. I., until his retirement about twenty years before his death, which occurred in March, five years ago, at the age of seventy- six. He was a man of broad views, refined tastes and courageous bearing. His politics were Democratic, but though often urged to stand for public office, he always refused. His wife, whom he married in Ireland in 1846 and brought to •America in 1849, survived only until 1852, dying at the age of twenty-five. She was a very affectionate woman, wholly devoted to her home and family. Husband and wife were both devoted Catholics. William J. is the only survivor of their union, their other child, John B., having died young. William J. Cashin re- ceived his early education in Whitestone, L. L, and he later attended the academy at Flushing. After graduating he went into the wholesale house of John D. Lock & Co. and remained in it for fourteen years, and until the firm ceased to operate. Being then possessed of the high- est testimonials, the result of untiring devotion to duty, he went to Portland, Conn., and was given charge of a department of a wholesale house there. He remained in this employment for six years and then went to Middletown, Conn., and bought a nickel electro-plating- busi- ness, which he conducted with complete success for twelve years until, at the urgent request of the late J. E. Cashin of Evanston, Wyo., he came here on May 30, 1886, to become a part- ner in the business then conducted in two rooms. Under his able management this es- tablishment has grown into a mammoth de- partment store, carrying also a large line of agri- cultural implements. The firm is now Beeman & Cashin, the present Mr. Cashin's original partner having passed away. Mr. Cashin is a remarkably successful man of affairs, having varied interests. He is secretary of the Uinta County Natural Gas, Oil and Pipe Co., is in- $2l PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. terested in valuable oil properties in Wyoming, was one of the original stockholders of the old flouringmill, now abandoned because no grain was raised for it, has stock in several Utah mines and is one of the directors of the Ohio and Wyoming Oil Co., organized in Cincinnati, Ohio. In politics he is a Democrat. He held the office of coroner for two terms and he has several times been asked to stand for other of- fices ; but his business affairs are too engross- ing to permit his holding public office. He is a member of the fraternal order of the Macca- bees, of the Safety Fund and Insurance Co. of New York and of the Bankers' Alliance of Des Moines, Iowa. Mr. Cashin's family consists of his wife and these eight children : Edward J., assistant bookkeeper for his father's firm ; William J., a telegrapher for the Union Pacific Railroad ; Joseph ; Frank ; Alice ; Leo ; Norvall ; Roella. Mrs. Cashin was formerly Ellen Mc- Auliffe, a native of Portland, Conn., where she was married in May, 1889. She was born in 1859, daughter of John and Abigail (Grandon) McAuliffe, both still living in Portland, where Mr. McAuliffe is now retired. They were na- tives of Ireland and came to the United States in 1845 an d settled in Portland. Mrs. McAu- liffe is a loving motherly woman, who has given untiring devotion to her family. CHARLES E. CARLSTRUM. Prominent among' the citizens of foreign birth who have contributed so largely to the building- up of the varied industries of the county of Laramie, Wyoming", is Charles E. Carlstrum, one of the leading residents of Pine Bluffs. He was born in Sweden, which has given so many men of the best type of citizen- ship to the American republic, on November 4, 1861. He is the son of Carl and Annie (Sam- uelson) Carlstrum, both natives of Sweden, where tbe father was engaged in farming in the province of Smaland, and is still residing, fol- lowing the same pursuit. Charles E. Carlstrum grew to manhood and received his education in the schools of his native province, remaining with his parents until he had attained to the age of sixteen years, when he commenced serv- ing his apprenticeship to the trade of shoemak- ing, and he worked at this trade in Sweden until he was twenty-two years old. He then entered the army of Sweden and served for over one year, receiving his discharge in the fall of 1883. In the spring of 1884 he took ship for America to seek his fortune in the New World. He went first to the city of Holdridge, Nebraska, and there he secured employment at his trade and there remained for about one year. In May, 1885, he left Holdridge, Neb., and came to Wyoming, locating at Pine Bluffs. The pres- ent thriving community had then scarcely made a beginning, the only buildings erected being the railroad station and one or two small frame structures for temporary use. Securing em- ployment as a salesman in a store, he was en- gaged in that occupation until January 1, 1887, when he located a homestead about two miles north of Pine Bluffs and entered upon the busi- ness of raising cattle and horses. At the same time he opened a shoeshop at Pine Bluffs, and worked at his trade during a portion of the time, making his residence, however, on his homestead. In 1890 he removed his residence into the town, where he purchased a store building and then engaged in a general boot and shoe business. In 1895, having exceedingly prospered, he added a stock of merchandise to his line of boots and shoes and his operations have rapidly extended from year to year. In 1900, his business had grown to such an ex- tent that he found it necessary to erect a new building to accommodate his increased stock and the large number of his patrons. His pres- ent store building, completed in that year, is a model of its kind, having every convenience for the carrying on of a large merchandising trade, and would do credit to a place much larger than Pine Bluffs. It is a monument to the enterprise and progressive spirit of Mr. Carlstrum. On October 27, 1891, at Cheyenne, Wvo., Mr. Carlstrum was united in wedlock with Miss Christiana Anderson, a native of Sweden and a daughter of Tohn and Charletta PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 329 (Swansbn) Anderson, natives of that country. To this union three children have been born, Elvira L., Alfred E. and Hazel, and all are liv- ing. The family are members of the Swedish Missionary church and take an active interest in all works of charity and religion in the com- munity. Mr. Carlstrum is a staunch adherent of the Republican party and for many years has been prominent as one of the leaders of that political organization in his section of the state. In 1894 and 1895 he served the public as a justice of the peace, a position of great re- sponsibility and importance in a new commu- nity, giving the utmost satisfaction to the pub- lic. He declined a reelection, owing to the in- creasing demands upon his time and attention of his business interests. He also served for three years on the board of school trustees. During the entire time of his residence in Pine Bluffs and vicinity he has been one of the fore- most in working for the public welfare, and in contributing of his time and means to the up- building of the city and the development of the surrounding country. He is one of the oldest settlers now residing in Pine Bluffs and is one of the leading merchants of that part of Wyo- ming. In addition to his other property interests he is a large owner of real-estate, improved and otherwise, in Pine Bluffs and vicinity. To his efforts is due in large measure the present sub- stantial growth and prosperity of the city where he maintains his home, and he has the grateful appreciation and high regard of all of the citi- zens of the community. CHARLES F. CLARK. Viewed in the light of what he has accom- plished, Charles F. Clark, of Spring Valley, Uinta county, Wyoming, well deserves a place - on the honor-roll of successful and self-made men. By the dint of his native abilities, energy, perse- verance and thrift he has achieved a success of which he may justly be proud and attained to a position commanding the respect of all who know him. He was born in Manchester, Iowa, on July 15, 1871, a son of Dealton A. and Mary A. (Baker) Clark, who were natives of Illinois. Dealton A. Clark was a son of O. D. Clark, both parents being natives of Iowa and of English descent, and he is a brother of U. S. Senator Clarence D. Clark of Wyoming. The family however has been domiciled on American soil since the early Colonial days of New England, an ancestor being a veteran of the Revolutionary War and other members of the family have been participants in every war in which this country has been engaged. Dealton A. Clark and his brother, Dyer O., distinguished themselves by patriotic service in the Union army of the Civil War and Dealton was for some years in charge of the commissary department of his military division. Dyer O. Clark was seriously wounded in the service, and an uncle of Charles F. Clark, James Tisdale, was also a soldier of the Civil War, holding the commission of lieutenant. Mr. Clark was a bookkeeper and removed with his family to Wyoming in 1870, where he was mana- ger of the Union Pacific Coal Co.'s store at Rock Springs for a period of time and then was the head clerk of the establishment until his death, which occurred on May 15, 1890, at the age of forty-six years. Mar) r A. (Baker) Clark, is a lady of fine intellectual tastes and education, capably and efficiently filling the office of county superintendent of schools of Sweetwater county, Wyo. She is now residing at Rock Springs, Wyo., at the age of fifty- four years. Dealton A. Clark and his estimable wife were parents of five children, two sons and three daughters whose names we here produce in order of their birth, Charles F. to whom this review is particu- larly devoted ; Florence, now Mrs. Arthur M. Gildersleeve of Rock Springs ; an infant that died unnamed ; Harry D., of whom an individual sketch appears on another page of this volume; Mabel. Charles F. Clark received the educa- tional advantages of the public schools of Rock Springs, Wyo., and early was engaged in the adventurous life and occupation of riding the range on the Wyoming plains near Rock Springs for Nelson Morris, of Chicago, 111., and in his 33© PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. employ he was satisfactorily engaged for five years. At the end of that time and service he became connected with "Tim" Kinney & Co., as clerk, continuing in this employ until 1896, when he went to Alma, Wyo., in the capacity of mine clerk for the Union Pacific Railroad and in 1901 he was transferred to Spring Valley, where he was engaged in the same capacity. Re- taining this position, giving good and valuable service, identifying himself thoroughly with the interests of his employers and becoming con- versant with the needs and requirements of the people of this section of the state, he established a business for himself in a line of merchandising, conducting a news, tobacco and confectionery stand, which he opened in February, 1902. ' He has shown wise and discriminating care in the establishment of this business and is enjoying a marked degree of success. He is a popular citizen and has a large circle of friends, being an active member of the Red Cloud Tribe No. 8, of Red Men, of Spring Valley. Mr. Clark was united in matrimony at St. Joseph, Mich., on July 24, 1 891, with Miss Ivy Henderson, a daughter of Porter A. Henderson. Her father was a native of Pennsylvania and her mother of Virginia, and after the death of the father the mother made her home in Norfolk in the Old Dominion. Mr. Clark is prominently identified with the Republican party and while actively in- terested in its campaigns, policies and elections, has steadfastly refrained from accepting any public or political office or trust, finding in his legitimate sphere of business ample scope for the exercise of his abilities. He is a man of a genial and social temperament, strongly at- tached to his friends, and in all his relations bears himself as a whole-souled, large-hearted, conscientious individual. He is progressive in his views on all subjects, and in whatever he en- gages works with a determination and a will which never fails to bring success. He has a strong, well-developed physique and with his cordial greeting, friendly demeanor and manly character commands universal respect. In deal- ing with his fellowmen his motto is invariably that expressed in the Golden Rule. A. D. CHAMBERLAIN. The intense intellectual energy and restless- ness of New England, after subduing its own region to fruitfulness, has been for generations implanting its ideas and principles, ever bene- ficial in the cause of civilization, upon other countries and sections of the world, especially the new lands of the Great West, and in this way it has been of immense advantage in set- tling, developing and building up this vast terri- torial domain of our great country, and there is scarcely any part of the Union where Yankee enterprise, thrift and capital has not been in evi- dence and New Englanders found as the direct- ing forces and leaders in its professional, me- chanical and industrial activities. A prominent example of this enterprising spirit is found in the record of A. D. Chamberlain, one of the leading citizens of Converse county. Wyo., where he has be^en prominently identified with many of the state's best representatives in en- terprises of "great pith and moment," and has conscientiously discharged important public trusts. He was born in the old town of Dal- ton, Mass., on June 25, 1841, the son of Albert S. and Martha (Mitchell) Chamberlain, natives of the same old town, although his grand- father, Ezekiel Chamberlain, was born in an- other ancient town, Colchester, Conn. The Chamberlains run back in New England history to the infant clays of the Massachusetts colony, members of its various generations being con- spicuouslv connected with its affairs of state, its operations in Indian, Revolutionary and other wars, while with the great manufacturing life of that section it has been closely inter- twined. The house in which our subject was born was erected by an ancestor in 1707. it hav- ing been in possession of the family from that period, a sister of Mr. Chamberlain being now its occupant. In this old mansion are treasured many relics of bygone days, antique articles whose history leads back to Revolutionary and earlier days, among them being a brace of pis- tols presented by General Lafayette to John C. Clark in consideration of his being a nephew PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 33i of his' intimate friend, Judge John Chamberlain, who was a particularly influential man in Mass- achusetts and especially active in the Colonial cause. The father of Mr. Chamberlain was a prosperous agriculturist and manufacturer, a highly respected citizen, who put himself in touch with all the events of the times, never leaving his native state. All of his three chil- dren are .living. A. D. Chamberlain had the educational advantages of the noted public schools of Massachusetts, thereafter devoting his attention to the paper manufacturing busi- ness, in which his father was largely interested, until the Civil War broke out, when he enlist- ed in the U. S. navy, serving through the entire Civil War and receiving an honorable discharge in April, 1865. From that time until 1881 he was engaged in the manufacturing of paper at Westhampton, Mass., thence coming to Wyo- ming and locating at Cheyenne and becoming in- terested in the stock business, in connection with A. R. Converse and Silas Doty, forming the firm of Chamberlain, Doty & Co., and- being the active manager of its operations until 1886, when, coming to Douglas as a pioneer, he transferred his energies to operations in lumber for three years and then engaged in unproduc- tive coal and gold mining, selling his interests in the Cheyenne outfit in 1893 and in 1895 en- gaging in the sheep business, which he still con- tinues. Mr. Chamberlain has been a positive force in public matters and political circles, po- sitions of decided trust and responsibility com- ing to him by reason of the confidence of the people and his particular aptitude for adminis- tration, and he served with dignity, integrity and conceded ability one term in the State Sen- ate of Wyoming, being elected to that high office in 1890, while in 1895 he was appointed register of the U. S. land office at Douglas by President Cleveland and reappointed by Presi- dent McKinley in 1900. He is especially promi- nent in Freemasonry, having been a member of that honored fraternity for over thirty-five years and attaining the Knights Templar de- gree and also the Thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite. In every relation of life and offi- cial connection Mr. Chamberlain has stood for all that represents the best elements of civili- zation as a strong friend, a genial companion and -an efficient officer. In November, 1889, he was united in marriage with Miss Jennie Mc- Reynolds, a native of Nebraska, who presides over the family home with graceful dignity and a charming hospitality. M. RAVLIN COLLINS. A natitve of Iowa, born in Dallas county, on November 9, 1868, M. R. Collins is the son of Albert and Mary (Ravlin) Collins, the former a native of Madison county, N. Y., and the lat- ter a native of Chautauqua county in the same state. His paternal grandfather Emery Collins, was a native of the Green Mountain state, who removed in early life to New York, where he en- gaged in farming, in which he continued up to the time of his death. The father of Mr. Collins removed his residence from New York to Aurora, 111., in 1858. Here he resided until the breaking out of the Civil War, when he enlisted in the Chicago Dragoons, commanded by Cap- tain Barker, and for a time was a member of the body-guard of Gen. George B. McClellan. Sub- sequently he enlisted in Co. A, Thirty-sixth Illi- nois Regiment, one of the two companies of cav- alry connected with this infantry regiment. He saw much active service, participating in the bat- tles of Rich Mountain. Pea Ridge, luka, Corinth, Siege of Yicksburg, Pleasant Hill, and was en- gaged in many skirmishes. At the battle of Pleasant Hill his horse was killed under him and he had numerous other narrow es- capes from death. He was often promoted for gallantry in action and honorably discharged at the end of the war with the rank of captain. He then returned to his former home in Illinois, soon after removing to Dallas county, Iowa, when he engaged in merchandising, in which he con- tinued until 1874, when he sold out to good ad- vantage and returned to Illinois. He subse- quently moved to -Kansas, where he made his home until T882, when he established himself in Nebraska and resided there until T890, when 332 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. upon the death of his wife, he joined his son, the subject of this review, at Lusk, Wyo., where he has since made his home. There were three sons and three daughters in the family, Mr. M. R. Collins being the eldest son. His early education was received in the public schools of Illinois, completing his education in the city of Aurora. He remained in Illinois un- til 1886, when he removed to Wyoming, locat- ing at Lusk, and became a clerk in a mercantile establishment, continuing m this position until 1893, when he formed a partnership with Mr. Nat. Baker, the present mayor of Lusk, and carried on a large merchandising business un- til 1898, when he purchased the interest of his partner and organized the Collins & Snyder Mercantile Co., which operated successfully while it was in existence. In July, 1902, he purchased the interest of Mr. Snyder and in- corporated the Collins Commercial Co., which now occupies a large store-room and extensive warehouses in Lusk, and is one of the most suc- cessful mercantile houses in that section of Wyoming. He is also associated with his brother, E. A. Collins, in the firm of E. A. Col- lins & Co., which carries on an extensive lum- ber business in the same place. In addition to his other business interests, Mr. Collins is the cashier of the Bank of Lusk, giving the greater portion of his time to the active' man- agement of that solid financial institution. This bank is among the safest and most conserva- tive banking establishments of the state. Polit- ically, Mr. Collins is affiliated with the Dem- ocratic party and his popularity in his county is attested by his election on two occasions as a member of the board of county commisioners in spite of the fact that the county is largely Republican. Fraternally, he is a member of the Masonic order, having attained the Thirty- second degree of the Scottish Rite, also be- longing to the Woodmen of the World, ever tak- ing an active and leading interest in all mat- ters calculated to advance the social and fra- ternal life of the community. On November 6, 1895, Mr. Collins was united in marriage with Miss Florence Jenks, a daughter of W. S. Jenks, who formerly had business interests in both Wyoming and Utah, and to this marriage one child, Florence, was born. Mrs. Collins passed away from earth on May 31, 1898. Mr. Collins is one of the most successful of the young business men of Wyoming and will be a prominent factor in the upbuilding of the commercial and industrial future of the state. JESSE M. CORNELISON. Born and reared amid the cattle ranges of eastern Texas and occupied in their leading in- dustry from his childhood there and elsewhere, Jesse M. Corhelison of Weston county, Wyo- ming, one of the prominent and successful cattle- men on Black Thunder Creek, may be said to have been born to his business and to have passed his life in acquiring the facility he shows in conducting it. His life began on December 9, 1871, at Collinsville, Grayson county, Tex., where his parents, George W. and Mary E. (Rigen) Cornelison, the former a native of Ten- nessee and the latter of Alabama, had lived from their young married life. The father came to Texas when he was a child and, having been educated in Cherokee county, settled in Grav- son county when he was twenty-three years old and at once started business in the cattle indus- try. He remained there until 1901, when he re- moved to Oklahoma, and locating at Erick, continued stockraising operations, his wife hav- ing died in Texas in 1878. Jesse M. Corneli- son remained with his father until he was nearly of age, working on the ranch and attending the district schools as opportunity offered, in 1891 going to the Indian Territory, there passing three years in the cattle industry. In the spring of 1894 he came to Cheyenne, Wyo., and fol- lowed the same business there until January, 1896, when he brought cattle to Weston county and located them on the celebrated O. S. ranch, at the junction of Black Thunder Creek and the Cheyenne River, one of the oldest and most widely known ranches of this section of the country. Here he has since carried on a thriv- ing business, raising both sheep and cattle, find- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 33.3 ing the products of his farm holding a high place in the market and more and more es- teemed as he has improved their grade and quality. In 1900 he .bought a home in New- castle and has since then lived in that city, mak- ing frequent trips to his ranch. He owns about 1,300 acres of land and has several sections leased in addition. Giving to his business in- telligent and studious attention, providing for its proper management and development every facility available, omitting no cost of time or energy necessary to secure the best results, he has steadily risen to leadership in the industry and easily maintains his supremacy. On Sep- tember 27, 1897, at Hot Springs, S. ■ D., Mr. Cornelison was united in marriage with Miss Carrie Wilson, a native of Iowa. Her parents, James and Melissa (Jackson) Wilson, being re- spectively natives of Iowa and Indiana. The fa- ther farmed in Iowa until 1890, then engaged in raising cattle at Hot Springs, S. D., for a year, after which he transferred his interests to Weston county, Wyo., and has since had a pleasant home on Black Thunder Creek, and carrying on an extensive business in sheeprais- ing. His wife died in 1894. Mr. and Mrs. Cor- nelison have had two children, Meryl, who died in infancy on April 23, 1901, and Carol M., who was born on February 16, 1902. Mr. Cornel- ison is one of the representative men of the county, being foremost in every enterprise for the improvement of the political, civil, mercan- tile and educational condition of the com- munity. He is a member of the board of county commissioners, elected in November, 1900, as the candidate of the Republican party. Fraternally, he is connected with the Knights of Pythias, holding membership in the lodge at Newcastle. SAMUEL CORSON. Samuel Corson, the able, public spirited and prominent business man of Cheyenne, Wyo- ming, is a native of Scotland, and was born at Girvan, on June 16, 1857, being a son of Rev. William and Aitcheson (Dobbie) Corson. He attended the school of his native town and the Dumbarton Academy until he was sixteen years of age when he began clerking for the firm of John Orr Ewing & Co., cotton^ manufacturers at Glasgow, with which firm he remained for eight years. He was next with Handasyde, Dick & Co., an East India mercantile house, with which he remained two years, and then came to the United States, in 1883. Having been thoroughly trained in business habits and knowledge in his native land, Mr. Corson found no difficulty in securing a situation in this coun- try and was first employed by the Kansas City, Fort Scott & Gulf Railroad as a clerk in their office in Kansas City, Mo. He did not remain in the railroad office long, but resigned his po- sition and came to Cheyenne, where he entered the employment of the Union Mercantile Co. with which concern he has ever since been iden- tified as a stockholder and its secretary and treasurer. Being a shrewd, all-around business man, with a quick eye to perceive business openings as they offered themselves and a com- prehensive mind capable of grasping financial opportunities as rapidly as they were develop- ed, it may well be imagined that Mr. Corson is a busy man who does not permit the grass to grow under his feet. His political career has been an elevated as well as a useful one, typical of the character of the man. He has served three years as a Republican member of the Cheyenne city council and one term in 1895, as a member of the Wyoming House of Repre- sentatives, and as a member of the State Sen- ate in the sessions of 1897 and 1899, in both bodies making his mark as a wise and judicious statesman. In 1900 he was elected county com- missioner and was chosen chairman of the board, a position he still retains. Fraternally, Mr. Corson stands very high. He was "made a Mason" in Cheyenne Lodge No. 1, became in due course of service its worshipful master and later the grand master of the State of Wyo- ming, being also a member of Wyoming Chap- ter No. 1, Royal Arch Masons, of which or- ganization he was high priest for three consec- utive terms. He is also a past eminent com- 3.34 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. mander of Wyoming Commandery No. i, Knights Templar, is a Mystic Shrinef and has attained the Thirty-second degree of Scottish Rite Masonry. He was united in marriage at Girvan, Scotland, in 1888, with Miss Mary Gray and has a family of two children, Wil- liam A. and Samuel Corson, Jr. DALLAS R. COWHICK. The present age is essentially utilitarian and the man of action is everywhere in evidence. Theories look well on paper and have a musical sound when proclaimed from the ros- trum, but in the end it is practice that tells and it is activity by which social, commercial and industrial conditions are to be revolutionized and regenerated. The present day demands men of brain, as well as brawn, to direct and control wiselv and well the varied interests of the body politic. That such men are ever ready to respond to demands is attested by the re- markable advancement along all the lines of professional, industrial and commercial activity which has marked the recent development of our national domain, especially that part pop- ularly designated as the Great West. Here the evidence of the man of progress, enterprise and matchless energy is plainly apparent and it is to a consideration of such lives that this volume is especially devoted. Among the progressive men of Wyoming who have achieved, not only financial fortune, but public recognition for valuable services rendered the communities in which they reside, is the worthy gentleman whose biography is herewith submitted. Dai- las R. Cowhick is a native of Virginia, born at Ralls Mill, on June 20, 1848, the fourth of seven children constituting the family of William and Elizabeth Cowhick, natives respectively of Pennsylvania and Ohio. The father was a merchant and miller, a man of no small con- sequence in the community in which he main- tained his home. The early life of Mr. Cow- hick was comparatively uneventful. Until the age of fourteen he attended the public school of his native place and then began working in his father's mill, where in due time he became an expert in the manufacture of flour. After working at this trade about five years under his father's direction he went to Bryan, Ohio, where for about fifteen years he had charge of the largest flouring mill in that part of the state. In June, 1880, Mr. Cowhick severed his connection with his employers at Bryan and went to Cheyenne, Wyoming, where he en- gaged in the drygoods trade, conducting a large establishment with success and financial profit until 1898, when he disposed of his business in order to enter upon his duties as countv clerk and register of deeds to which offices he was elected that year. Mr. Cowhick had not been long in Cheyenne until he became actively identified with the public affairs of Laramie county as one of the leading Republican pol- iticians of this part of the state. It was par- tially in recognition of his sendees to the party, but more on account of his peculiar fitness for the position, that he was nominated and tri- umphantly elected to the county clerkship, the duties of which he discharged in a manner highly creditable to himself and satisfactory to the public until 1900, when he was reelected his own successor. His official record is with- out a blemish and as a public spirited man. deeply interested in whatever tends to benefit his city and county in a material way. he is easily a peer of any of his fellow citizens. In addition to the functions of his office Mr. Cow- hick has been intrusted with other responsible positions, among- which is that of treasurer of the local school board. In this capacity there pass through his hands every year about S30.- 000 of school funds, in the proper distribution of which he has been most careful and exact, thus rendering an invaluable service to the edu- cational system of the district. To say that Mr. Cowhick is one of Laramit county's best and most representative citizens is small praise indeed. But words were never more fitly spoken than these and the statement will meet with unqualified endorsement by a wide circle of personal and business acquaintances and by the people of the county generally. A strong PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 335 man of affairs; of pronounced ability and scru- pulous integrity, he has within a comparatively short time won for himself a place second to that of no other citizen of the county, to the good of which he has devoted some of the best years of his life. Mr. Cowhick has not only been interested in business and official affairs, but he has encouraged every enterprise for the social, intellectual and moral advancement of the community. He is an active member of the Methodist church of Cheyenne and for some years past has been the efficient superintendent of the Sunday-school. His religion is that broad and catholic spirit that refuses to be confined by denominational lines, consequently he is a friend of all churches and to the limit of his ability ministers to their prosperity. He holds fraternal relations with the Masonic order and Woodmen of the World, being a leading work- er in both organizations. He was married in 1873 to Miss Mary F. Over, of Ohio, a union that has resulted in the birth of one son and two daughters, namely : Ora, Lariie and Glenn. The last named was for three years private sec- retary of Senator Warren at Washington City and is now taking a law cours; in Columbia College. He is a young man of strong men- tality and superior educational discipline and gives every promise of a useful and distinguished career. MRS. AGNES HEWITT. ' All honor and reverence is due and is most heartily given to those courageous women who, daring all of the uncounted dangers of the West- in pioneer days, sacrificed the delights, comforts and amenities of life in the established commu- nities of long years of settlement, to aid in found- ing the new nations which have arisen in the Rocky Mountain region and the Pacific Slope. Of this number, no one is held in higher esteem or has done her part more bravely in the great contest between civilization and barbarism, than the admirable lady whose name heads this re- view, and who is now the truly hospitable hostess of the unique Harvey Hotel, at Mount- ain View, Wyo. It is with great pleasure that we herewith transcribe a very brief synopsis of her eventful life for the perusal of, coming generations and the present gratification of her numerous friends. Mrs. Agnes Hewitt was born near Wigdon, Scotland, on April 22, 1837, a daughter of Robert and Mary (McGill) Mc- Culloch both descended from families identified with Scottish history from time immemorial. The family was a prominent one, entitled to bear arms, and owning vast estates in past generations. The great-grandfather of Mrs. Hewitt, Robert McCulloch, was a sea-captain and his son, Peter, who married a Mary Brown, was a well-to-do farmer on his own land. Her father, a farmer, emigrated from his native land in 1865 and lo- cating in Montgomery county, Iowa, both par- ents resided there until their deaths, and they now await the resurrection in the little cemetery at Villisca. They were zealous Presbyterians, bringing up their children in the fear of the Lord. There were eight of these, and the five now liv- ing, met in reunion at Muscatine, Iowa, in 1900. Mrs. Hewitt acquired a solid education in the Scottish and English schools and came to the United States in 1855, where her first residence was made for three years in Connecticut. Here she met and married with her old schoolmate and quondam sweetheart in Scotland, William Har- vey, he being a son of James and Isabel Harvey, natives of County Wigton, the family having em- igrated thence in 185 1, locating in Rye, N. Y., where the father's death early occurred. Mr. Harvey was a contractor on the New York and New Haven Railroad, and in the fall of 1857 he and his wife removed to Iowa and engaged in agriculture, where was the family home until the death of Mr. Harvey at Muscatine, on Octo- ber 23, 1873, at the age of thirty-three years. He left four children, Robert B., William H., George P. and Isabel J., now the wife of Archie Marches- sault, all married and living near their mother. On March 23, 1878, Mrs. Harvey contracted a second marriage with Avery C. Hewitt, a native of Virginia of old Colonial stock, his mother's ■familv, the Averys, being among the first settlers of Massachusetts, and founders of the Connect!- 336 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. cut colony, while Hon. Abram Hewitt, of New York, was a cousin. They continued farming operations in Iowa until Mr. Hewitt's death in 1883, and in 1884 his courageous widow and family took up their westward march of hun- dreds of miles, over the dreary plains to Wyo- ming, she locating here 160 acres when the res- ervation was thrown open for settlement, being extremely fortunate in her choice as she has since sold much of it for townsite purposes, reserving, however, forty-two acres and two town lots for herself. By her second marriage she had one child, Ethel M., now Mrs. R. R. Ham- ilton of Smith's Fork, Wyo. Mrs. Hewitt has been a veritable mother in Israel all through her life. She has reared her children loyally and well, living to see them occupy responsible and creditable positions in society and in inde- pendent financial circumstances. To the weary "stranger within her gates" she has ever ex- tended a mother's kindness, and no one is more beloved or cherished than she in a large extent of country. That the autumn of her life may pass pleasantly and happily is the hearty wish of her numerous friends. HON. GEORGE W. CRESYYELL, M. D. The most successful and still rising young physician and surgeon of Buffalo, Johnson county, Wyoming, is George W. Creswell, M. D., who was born in Randolph, McLean county, 111., on January 25, 1871, a son of William and Elizabeth (Thompson) Creswell, natives of Londonderry, Ireland, and the state of Virginia. William Creswell, the grandfather of Doctor George W., was the first of this family to come to America ; he settled in Quebec, Canada, where he passed the remainder of his life, his widow and her family subsequently removing to Illinois. William Creswell, the father, has long been engaged in the stock business, in which he has had experiencee in various states, being at present located in Crook county, Wyo., where he owns an extensive ranch and is still engaged in the cattle trade. Dr. George W. Creswell acquired his elementary education in the public schools of Bloomington, 111., and when fully prepared entered the Commercial College in the same city, from which he was graduated in 1891. Being thus well grounded in the principles and practices of business life, he entered the Northern Indiana University in the same year, took a full four years' course and was graduated from the medical department in 1894. ■ He then entered Rush Medical College in Chicago, where he was graduated with hon- ors and at once entered upon the active prac- tice of his chosen profession in the commercial metropolis of the Prairie State, and for one year met with very flattering success. In the fall of 1898 Doctor Creswell, believing that the less crowded professional fields of the Far West offered inducements superior to those afforded in the densely populated cities of the East, where physicians "most do congregate," came to Buffalo, Wyo., to try his fortunes and here his success has been so satisfactory that he has seen no cause or reason to regret his de- cision, as his medical talents has been fully rec- ognized and his professional ability appreciated to the extent that unvarying success invariably enforces upon the general public or onlooking laymen. In 1901, Doctor Creswell took up an academic course of study in the postgraduate college of New York, thus adding to the med- ical erudition and experience he had acquired by his previous study and practice, which has been and still is of a general character. In politics Doctor Creswell is very active in his par- ty's counsels and extremely popular with its rank and file, as well as with his fellow citizens gen- erally. In rgoo he was elected to represent his district in the State Legislature of Wyoming and in 1901 was elected mayor of Buffalo, in both of which offices he gave unqualified satis- faction, as he performed their various duties with the tact of a practiced veteran. Doctor Cres- well was most happily joined in matrimony on January 19, 1902. with Miss June J. Holloway. of Buffalo, Wyo., a daughter of the late Henry Holloway, of Buffalo, Wyo. Doctor CresweTs outdoor practice extends all over Johnson countv, in addition to which his office practice PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 337 is reaching- very extensive proportions. In ad- dition to the handsome income derived from this practice, the Doctor has a source of profit from a stock ranch in Crook county, m which he has a large interest. The Doctor takes a lively interest in the prosperity of his town and county and the progress of the state is to him a matter of commendable pride, and the result of his patriotism is that he has reached the very apex of public esteem. W. W. CROOK, M. D. No occupation among men brings more re- lief from human suffering, greater or more timely help in the hour of need, or more effec- tual solace in sorrow than that of the medical profession. And when its practitioner has ac- quired a thorough knowledge of the science by close and diligent study, and fortified that by intelligent observation and a large and accurate knowledge of human nature gained through mingling with men, he is indeed a public ben- efactor. And such is presented for the contem- plation of the readers of this work in the life story of Dr. W. W. Crook, of Cheyenne, who, thrown on his own resources early in life, learned self-reliance and knowledge of others and was strengthened for the later battles of his calling through the efforts then made for advancement. He was born at tne little rural village of Spillman's store, in Madison county, Ky., on October 20, 1836. Until he was twelve years of age the family continued to live at his birth-place, and then, by the laborious but inspiriting process of an overland journey with teams, removed to Buchanan county, Mo., and there he remained at home, attending school in the country as he had opportunity and assisting on the homestead as he was needed. In 1855 he began life's work for him- self, and in 1857 taught school at Easton, Kan., for five months, as a stepping stone to a higher place in the world than he then had. At the end of his tenure there he went to Chil- licothe, Mo., and after a thorough examina- tion secured a first-class certificate as a teacher and during the next three years he taught in the schools of Livingston county, Mo., at the same time making diligent use of his oppor- tunities for the study of medicine, although left in # this matter almost wholly to his own course. In the spring of 1861 he returned to Kansas for the purpose of prosecuting his medical studies, but the pressing need of ready re- sources made his progress slow and difficult, bringing him face to face with many unexpected dilemmas in his efforts. His resolute spirit and determined perseverance, however, triumphed over every obstacle, and in July of that year he settled at Council Grove, Kansas, "hung out his sign" and began the practice of medicine and surgery. His success was immediate and considerable, both in acquiring patients and in treating them, for his reputation was s'oon es- tablished as a skillful and progressive practi- tioner, the financial returns were of gratifying and helpful measure, and four years later he was able to pursue a regular course in medicine and surgery at the University of Iowa, then lo- cated at Keokuk, and was graduated from that institution with credit. The next ten years were passed in an active and representative medical practice at Doniphan, Kan., and in 1875 the Doctor removed his family to Wyoming, where he has since lived, settling at Cheyenne in 1877. Here he has grown into popular favor as a physician, ministering to the wants of a large and characteristic body of patients, and has be- come well established in public esteem a-s a citizen and a social factor. He is an active and zealous member of the American Medical As- sociation and at this writing (1902) the president of the Laramie County Medical Society, the lead- ing organization in the state in his profession. He is also a clear and forcible writer on pro- fessional topics and has contributed many in- teresting and instructive articles to the medical magazines and journals. On May 25, 1864, Doc- tor Crook was united in marriage with Miss Mi- randa H. Kirby, of Louisville, Ky. They have had six children, but all have died except the oldest daughter, Fannie Crook, now the wife of Dr. O. K. Snvder, of Cheyenne. In the local 338 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. civil affairs of the community in which he lived the Doctor has always manifested an intelli- gent and influential interest, although not a partisan or office-seeker. He was elected the mayor of Doniphan, Kan., in 1870, and gaye the town a model administration. While hold- ing no official station since his arrival in Wyo- ming, he has been a factor of substantial ben- efit in the development and progress of his home city and county. HON. JAMES M. NEWMAN. One of the most popular men in Laramie county is James M. Newman, who is one of the county commissioners of Laramie county and whose residence is in the city of Cheyenne. He is one of the most progressive and enter- prising of the business men of that city. He is a native of the state of Wisconsin, born at Juda, in Green county, on January 25, 1854, the son of Jefferson J. and Lydia S. (Chadwick) Newman, both natives of Pennsylvania. His father long successfully followed the occupa- tion of farming and is now retired from active business pursuits, enjoying the ease and com- fort earned by his many years of industry and activity. Hon. James M. Newman, trie eldest of a family of eleven children, grew to manhood in his native state and received his early edu- cation in the district schools in the vicinity of his boyhood's home. When he had attained to the age of eighteen years he entered the Sellsby Business College of Janesville, Wis., and pursued a thorough course of business training at that noted institution, being grad- uated therefrom at the age of twenty-one years. When he had completed his education, he re- turned to his home in Green county and as- sisted his father in the work and management of the farm for about three years, then in March, 1879, having resolved to seek his for- tune in the country farther west, he came to the then territory of Wyoming and here ob- tained employment on the stock ranch of his uncle, James M. Chadwick, in Laramie county, and remaining there, acquired a thorough knowl- edge of the business there successfully con- ducted in two years. At the end of that time, he engaged in the feeding and sale of live stock, in which he continued with varying success for a number of years ; in 1889, he branched out into a real-estate, live stock and commission business, and continued thus employed for about two years, meeting with considerable success. In 1891 he disposed of his real-estate and commission business and purchased a livery stable, which he conducted for a number of years. Disposing of his stable to advantage, he formed a partnership with John P. Shafer and entered into the business of dairy farming, in which he is still largely interested. In this venture they have been very successful, and Mr. Newell is now counted among the solid busi- ness men and substantial property owners of Cheyenne. In addition to his dairy-farm prop- erty, he is the owner of valuable real-estate in and about Cheyenne, and is also largely in- terested in productive mining property in other sections of the state. In 1883 Mr. Newman was married in Wisconsin with Miss Clara E. LaBoard, a daughter of Peter and Phoebe La- Board, well-known citizens of that state and to this union has been born one child. Cecil Ray, a bright and promising young man, who gives promise of being a worthy successor of his father. The Newman home is noted for the genial and generous hospitality which they take pleasure in dispensing to their large circle of friends and acquaintances. Fraternally Mr. Newman is affiliated with the Masonic order, being a member of Cheyenne Lodge. A. F. & A. M., and a Thirty-second degree Mason of the Scottish Rite. lie is also a member of the Woodmen of the World and of the Ancient Order of the United Workmen, and takes an active interest in the fraternal and charitable life of the community. He is an active mem- ber of the Baptist church, foremost in all re- ligious and other work calculated to be of benefit to the people of his neighborhood. He is a stanch adherent of the Republican political party and an eloquent advocate of the principles of that organization, being one of its ablest i PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 339 and most trusted leaders in Laramie county. In 1900 he was nominated and elected as a member of the board of county commissioners, and is now serving in that capacity. He has made a faithful and conscientious public official, discharging the duties of his responsible posi- tion in a manner creditable to himself and •highly satisfactory to the people and taxpayers of the county. He is held in high esteem by all classes of his fellow citizens, irrespective of party affiliations, and no man in the county has a larger following of warm personal friends and admirers. It is a remark often heard in Lara- mie count)- that further honors are in store for him, of which he is well worthy. JOSEPH DEAN. For long g-enerations has the trade of cot- ton spinning been handed down as an industry in certain families located in County Cheshire, one of the northwestern counties of England. Long established in this locality and intimately connected with this industry, has been the Dean family, of which Joseph Dean, the popular ho- tel proprietor and postmaster of Spring Valley, Uinta county, Wyoming, is the sole American representative. His parents were John and La- vina (Oldfield) Dean and his birth occurred in Cheshire, England, on March 21, 1854, and he was the youngest of three children. Orphaned by the death of both of his parents when he was a lad of about three or four years of age, he was reared by and made his home with his aunt, Harriet Oldfield, until his marriage in 1875. Devoting all that could be spared of the early years of his life to diligent attendance at the government schools of Cheshire, where he acquired a good practical education, he then became connected with the carding department of a cotton mill, with whose operation he was connected for about eight years and until his emigration to America, which occurred in 1881. His first American home was at Garden City, Rich county, Utah, where he was engaged in agricultural operations for four years, remov- ing then to Alma," where he was employed around the mines for the same period of time. He then was placed in charge of the mining company's stock, holding this responsible po- sition until the fall of 1901, when he resigned of the hotel at Spring Valley, receiving also the appointment of postmaster of the Spring Valley postoffice in April, 1901. In conducting his hotel, as in all other labors that he has un- dertaken, he has spared no pains to place his business upon a high foundation and in this he has notably succeeded, having attained a high reputation as a genial landlord and a pleasant host which has gone out over a wide extent of country and has brought him a profitable pat- ronage. Mr. Dean was married in England on May 22, 1875, to Miss Mary J. Ingham, a daughter of Alfred and Margaret (Dow) Ing- ham. Her father, a native of England, was a son of John and Mary Ingham, and was a sta- tionary engineer, at which trade he passed many years. Her mother was born in Ireland and Mrs. Dean was the eldest of their family of nine children, two boys and seven girls, of which three of the children came to the United States. Her father died in England in 1894 at the age of sixty-six years, while her mother is still re- siding there at the age of seventy-seven. To Mr. and Mrs. Dean have been born ten chil- dren, their names in consecutive order of birth being : Alfred, died in England at the age of three years and three months ; Lavinia ; John I. ; Joseph ; Margaret E. ; James D. ; Edith V. ; Effie E., died in Alma at the age of eight years and two months ; Myrtle I. ; Hugh E. There are no more devoted adherents to the Church of Latter Day Saints than are the worthy sub- ject of this sketch and his family. He has in every way manifested a devout character and strong religious principles and these, united to marked executive business ability, has caused him to be elevated to the high office of bishop of his local church. In social relations and in the home circle Mr. Dean is a most genial com- panion, himself and wife dispensing a graceful and bounteous hospitality to the many numer- ous friends who esteem and honor both of these worthy people for their many winning 340 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. traits of character. Fraternally, Mr. Dean is a valued member of the Ancient Order of United Workmen, with which brotherhood he is affil- iated at Spring Valley and in which he has held the office of master workman. Mr. Dean has always takes a prominent part in public and educational affairs, and, while actively engaged in the management of his business interests, he has never shirked from the duties of citizen- ship and has often been entrusted with matters of great importance and official place and re- sponsibility, where the possession of true honesty and integrity was demanded, and in it he has never been found wanting. He is a very stanch supporter of the political doctrines ever incul- cated by the Republican party and has always been a strong defender of its principles, pol- icies and candidates, laboring with earnestness for its success in its campaigns and elections. When in the fullness of time the historian shall gather in the name of those who in their sep- arate spheres of life have wrought with earnest- ness successfully and well in the building up of a high moral and religious culture in this por- tion of the great American Republic, not low- est nor least in its importance will be the name of the venerable gentleman whose life we have just reviewed. He has a large concourse of friends who appreciate him for his sterling- worth, his ability and his numerous personal traits of high order. Conspicuous among these qualities, however, must be noted his devo- tion to his family and the care which he has given and is still giving to the rearing of his children to become useful and valuable citizens, being honored and reverenced by all. FRANK DENEBRINK, M. D. This eminent and prosperous young phy- sician and surgeon is a native of Wapello county, Iowa, and is now a resident of Sher- idan, Wyoming, where he has built up an ex- tensive and lucrative practice, being recognized as one of the most capable medical men of his years in the county and state. He was born on April 3, 1864, a son of Frank and Theressa Denebrink, natives of Westphalia, in Prussia, whence his paternal grandfather accompanied Napoleon on his disastrous expedition to Mos- cow, Russia, as a member of the Westphalian contingent of the French emperor's army and was one of the very few who returned ; later he became a member of the Prussian army un- der Blucher, to expel Napoleon from Prussian soil, being among the first to reach the field of Waterloo, while still later he served for a number of years in the Alexander regiment, the pride of Berlin. Frank Denebrink, father of the Doctor, was also a military man and served about fifteen years in the Prussian army, hold- ing the rank of captain. In 1861 he came to America on a furlough to improve himself in military science and tactics by making personal observation of the methods used in the Civil War then in progress, and was attached to Gen- eral Hancock's division. The American gen- eral became warmly attached to the Prussian captain, and Doctor Denebrink kas now in his possession a number of friendly letters the father received from General Hancock. Captain Den- ebrink eventually resigned his commission in the Prussian army and was appointed to an equally high rank in the Union army of Amer- ica and took an active and conspicuous part in all of the battles in which his company was engaged up to and including the battle of Get- tysburg. After the close of the war. Captain Denebrink settled in Iowa and engaged ex- tensively in farming until called away by death in 1879. Doctor Denebrink received his elemen- tary education in Iowa, and after due additional preparation was admitted to Prairie du Chien, (Wis.) College, where he took a full classical course of six years and was graduated in 1884; he then passed six months in study at the Wis- consin State University at Madison, and then went abroad to finish his medical studies, which he had already begun in America. He was graduated from the medical department of the University of Munich, Bavaria, in July. 1891, and almost immediately returned to America. Here he accepted the position of medical ex- aminer for the Burlington Railroad Co., which PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 34i position he held until 1896, in the meantime being stationed at various points. The Doctor then came to Wyoming and settled in Sheridan, where he now stands at the head Of his pro- fession, having an extensive practice with the best class of citizens. His methods of treat- ment are well abreast of the times, as he is thoroughly posted in all modern discoveries in hygiene, chemistry, electricity, etc., keeping himself familiar through the best medical litera- ture of the day with the experimental practice of the leaders in the sciences, who are contin- uously seeking new processes for the ameliora- tion of pain and the more rapid bringing about • of permanent cures. The Doctor is medical ex- aminer for the New York Life Insurance Co., The Mutual Life Insurance Co., of New York, The Union Mutual Life Insurance Co., the Washington Life, The Northwestern Mutual Life of Milwaukee, also of the Etna and other insurance companies and his offices are among the finest and best fitted up of any in the city. Fraternally, the Doctor is a master Mason and a Knight of Pythias, and politically he is a Democrat. Doctor Denebrink was united in marriage in November, 1896, with Miss Myrtle Compton, of Spearfish, S. Dak., a de- scendant of one of the first families of Vir- ginia, while her grandfather was one of the earliest settlers of St. Joseph, Mo., where he owned a large estate. Two children have blessed the marriage of the Doctor and his wife and are named Francis and Gerald. SAMUEL DICKEY. An ex-sheriff and a prominent and worthy citizen of Evanston, Wyoming, and the young- est child of John and Margaret (Rutherford) Dickey, of Oxford, Pa., Samuel Dickey de- serves more than a mere mention in this work. His father was born in York, Pa., and lived there until Samuel was eight years old, being a butcher by trade. In 1854 he left Pennsylva- nia and went to St. Louis, Mo., and after va- rious changes finally located at Webster Grove and followed his business there as a butcher until his death in 1874 at the age of sixty. He was a Democrat in politics, a member of the Presbyterian church, a generous man and a kind father. His wife was a native of Ireland, born in 1814, who was brought when young to Ches- ter county, Pa., by her parents and here she married and became the mother of nine chil- dren, dying at the early age of thirty-six, be- ing a devoted member of the Presbyterian church. Samuel Dickey was born in 1847 at Oxford, Chester county, Pa. He got his early education in the schools of Missouri and in 1863 he returned to Pennsylvania and enlisted in Co. F, Fifth Penn. Cavalry, serving in the Civil War until May 20, 1865, when he was mustered out at Richmond, Ya. He then re- turned to Missouri and again attended school for a short time until he went into the butcher business at Kirkwood, Mo., in which he re- mained until 1871, after which he came west to Fort Bridger, Wyo., where he was employed by Judge W. A. Carter, until 1874, when he came to Evanston and entered the employ of Crawford & Thompson, wholesale meat deal- ers, remaining in the meat business until ap- pointed deputy sheriff under Sheriff Pepper in 1877, .serving four years as deputy under Sheriff Pepper, he was then himself elected sheriff in 1881 and served one term and he was also during this time and for eight years a deputy L T . S. marshal. At the expiration of his term as sheriff he went into the Union Pa- cific's office at Green River as a clerk for six months, when he returned to Evanston and went into the employment of the Neponce Land and Live Stock Co. After this he served the city of Evanston as marshal and then returned to clerking in the freight office of the Union Pacific here in 1890 and remained at it ever since, and in 1900 he was promoted to agent of the same road at Evanston. Mr. Dickey has always been an efficient officer, giving his best efforts to the work of his office. His interest in public affairs has been marked ; and he is an ex- tremely popular man with his acquaintances and constituents. He has been a member of the governor's staff as an aide under Governor 342 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. Barber, Ex-Governor Richards and" the late Governor Richards, being also chief clerk of the State Senate in 1899. He is a member of the Wyoming Consistory, A. A. S. R. of the Masonic fraternity and belongs also to the Mac- cabees. Mr. Dickey was married in 1867 at Web- ster Grove, Mo., to Emma Kalffus, a native of Baltimore, Md., a daughter of William and Su- san (Chandler) Kalffus; and five children have blessed the union : Mary, Lillian, Clara M., Robert and Samuel. Robert died in 1888 and Samuel in 1898. MAURICE P. DINNEEN. At one time the proprietor of the largest grocery house in the city of Cheyenne, Wyo- ming, which he conducted in partnership with an elder brother, William E. Dinneen, Maurice P. Dinneen, now deceased, was one of the most popular business men of the city as well as a highly esteemed citizen. He was born on August 25, 1868, in Newman, Jefferson county, Kan., being a son of Maurice and Margaret Dinneen, natives of Ireland and the parents of four chil- dren, of whom Maurice P. was the youngest. He was educated in the public schools of Kan- sas and of Cheyenne, Wyo., to which city the family came in 1879, where the father at once en- gaged in stockraising in the vicinity. When the son, Maurice, had attained the age of eighteen years he relinquished school attend- ance and joined his father on the ranch, and five years later the family returned to Kansas, where Maurice P. again lived for three years, in 1889 coming back to Cheyenne, where with his brother, William E., he opened a small grocery in 1890. But their patronage rapidly increased (and they may be said to have done a thriving trade from the start) until the death of Maurice P., which occurred on March 24, 1901, at which time they were doing the largest business in their line of any firm in Cheyenne, or even in the state, and since his lamented death the business has been prosper- ously continued by William E. Dinneen. In politics Maurice P. Dinneen was a stanch Dem- ocrat, and extremely popular with his party as well as with the general public. He was once nominated on the Democratic ticket for repre- sentative of his district in the state legislature, but with the rest of the ticket he was defeated by a small majority. He was president of the Jef- ferson Club and wielded a vast influence over the Democratic ranks of Cheyenne, and if his life had been prolonged he would surely have attained the high position for which he had once been nominated. In religion Mr. Dinneen was a devout and faithful member of the Ro- man Catholic church and affiliated with a num- ber of its socialities, chief among them was the order of the Catholic Knights of America, of the local branch of Avhich he was the president. He greatly enjoyed athletic sports and exer- cises of all kinds and as long as his health would permit he practiced them and for many seasons he was manager of the local base-ball club, being himself an expert player. In the social circles of Cheyenne he was ever a prom- inent figure, and his many virtues made him as popular in these as his paramount business qualifications did in mercantile affairs. His loss to the community is irreparable and is deeply mourned by his late fellow citizens, regardless of nationality, politics or religion. WILLIAM E. DINNEEN. An elder brother of the late Maurice P. Dinneen, whose life-record is made in the pre- ceding sketch, and in which the family geneal- ogy is given, William E. Dinneen was born in Kansas on March 11, 1861, the second of the four children that blessed th^ matrimonial connection of Maurice and Margaret (Williams) Dinneen. He attended the public schools of Kansas until he reached the age of eighteen years, when in 1879, he came with the family to Cheyenne, Wyo., and was employed here by the Pacific Express Co., for about four years, after which he engaged in the grocery business in partnership with his brother, Maurice P. Din- neen. This grocery trade soon afterward at- tained mammoth proportions, being now the PROGRESSIVE MEN OE WYOMING. 343 most extensive in its line, not only in Cheyenne but in the state. The marriage of Mr. Din- neen was solemnized' in 1890, in Cheyenne, with Miss Katie Tiereny, this union being now blessed with five children, born in the follow- ing order: Roy, Maurice, Margaret, Willie and Annie. In religious thought the family are devout Catholics, in politics Mr. Dinneen is a sound Democrat, while fraternally he is a mem- ber of the Woodmen of the World and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. Socially Mr. Dinneen and wife mingle with the best circles of Cheyenne and the many amiable qual- ities and generous impulses of the parents are matters of unreserved laudation. In the fall of 1901 Mr. Dinneen purchased the livery busi- ness of J. M. Newman, one of the most ex- tensive in the state, consisting of two livery barns and one feed stable, having up-to-date turnouts and other first-class properties, which the traveling public appreciates. HON. E. R. DINWIDDIE. Hon. E. R. Dinwiddie, who represents Sher- idan county in the State Senate, is one of those substantial business men of Wyoming who give force and direction to the various productive activities of the state, and show forth in their manhood and achievements the fiber of which her people are made. He was born in Indiana on April 13, 1862, and on the soil of that great state he grew to man's estate and in her ex- cellent public schools he received his scholastic education which has been deepened, broadened and made practical by varied and interesting experiences among men. In 1883 he came to Wyoming and located a homestead, now a por- tion of his beautiful home on Tongue River, one mile south of Dayton. The ranch com- prises 1,400 acres, and he has in addition a large amount of leased land which furnishes abund- ant pasture, food and range for the large herd of high-grade cattle which he has on it, consist- ing of some 500 head, giving ample scope for the pleasant exercise of the faculties of his act- ive and resourceful mind, but the business is now so systematized as to relieve him from un- due attention to its details. He thus has free- dom and opportunity to devote his energies to other industries with which he is largely con- nected and to public affairs, in which he has always been deeply and studiously interested. His services to his party have been valuable and unremitting from his early manhood and have made him its leader in his county and po- tential in its councils in the state. He is a Re- publican and in 1892 was a delegate to the Na- tional Republican Convention. In 1900 he was elected to the lower house of the State Legis- lature, and at the end of his term, in 1902, was enthusiastically chosen to the State Senate. In the lower house his services to his constit- uency were valuable and conspicuous, for he ever met the requirements of his office with lofty integrity and manliness, exhibited in the dis- charge of its duties a knowledge, readiness and resourcefulness which fully gratified, but did not surprise his political friends, and compelling the admiration of his opponents. His record there gives earnest of what may be expected in the more exalted position to which he has attained. Senator Dinwiddie is identified in a leading way with almost every institution of usefulness in the community and in all he is an earnest and intelligent worker, counting no sacrifice of his personal interests where the general welfare is at stake. He was married at Sheridan in De- cember, 1893, to Miss Fanny L. Fulmen, a na- tive of Nebraska. They have one child, their daughter. Georgia. WILLIAM H. DODD. The genial and accommodating manager of the Antlers' Hotel at Newcastle is justly en- titled to the cordial regard of the traveling pub- lic and the high esteem of the .business world which he enjoys. He is essentially the archi- tect of his own fortune and in the struggle for supremacy has well learned the complicated structure known as human nature, his education being not so much the teachings of the schools as the development which comes from contact 344 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. with real difficulties and the lessons taught in the hard but effective school of experience. He was born on April 16, 1863, at Stratford, On- tario, the son of Robert Fulton and Isabella (Sanderson) Dodd, of Scotch and Irish nativ- ity, respectively, who emigrated to Canada soon after their marriage and located near Gait, in the province of Ontario. The father was an expert cooper and followed the craft he had so successfully learned all his days, dying at Stratford on January 7, 1874. His widow sur- vived him fifteen years and died in Toronto in 1889. Their family consisted of five sons and two daughters, William being the very youngest. He was limited in his attendance at school by the death of his father and when he was thir- teen years old was obliged to go to work as a packer in a flouring mill at one cent a barrel for his labor, which was also arduous and confining, but enabled him to earn about a dollar in a day of fifteen hours. In the fall of 1877 he went to Hastings, Neb., joining an older brother who was in business there, and during his residence at that place he was never without employment, being for a portion of the time an assistant in the office of the county clerk. In the spring of 1885 he removed to Indianola, in that state, to accept a place as deputy county clerk and ab- stractor of titles, and on December 1, 1886, he went from there to Aurora as abstractor of titles in the employ of the Aurora Abstract & Investment Co., and after serving that company faithfully for six years he was deputy county clerk for two years. In February, 1896, he re- moved to Cambria, Wyo., and took charge of what was known as the Club House which he still conducts, and in August, 1902, in company with Meyer and August Frank, purchased the Antlers Hotel and organized the Antlers Hotel Co., which was incorporated with Mr. Dodd • as manager, a position which he acceptably filled from that time to the present. The Ant- lers is a first-class hostelry, equipped with mod-' ern devices for the comfort and welfare of its guests. It contains fifty well furnished rooms, is heated by steam and lighted by electricity, and is conducted with every consideration for the proper entertainment of those who find shelter beneath its roof. The building is of brick, two stories high with a basement under its ground floor, having ample sample rooms and good stabling attached. Being the leading hotel within a radius of many miles, it is very popular as a resort for all classes of proper people. Stately men and lofty ladies have trod its halls, the commercial tourist has been warmly welcomed to its comforts and repose, the business conference, the political caucus, the professional inquiry, shunning the sunlight of publicity, have found shelter within its walls, and "moist, merry men have used it for their mirth when they were festive." The enterprise lacks no personal attention from its genial and capable head, but his mind is of such a char- acter that no one interest can engage its full force, and he is accordingly connected with many other industries in a leading way. He or- ganized the Cambria Live Stock Co., in De- cember, 1898, and has been president of the corporation since its organization. It has a capital stock of $40,000 and does an. extensive business throughout a large scope of country. Mr. Dodd has also a deep and serviceable in- terest in public local affairs, having been the president of the school board during the last six years, in that position being of estimable service to the educational forces of the town. Every enterprise of value in which the welfare and advancement of the community are in- volved has his warm and helpful support. Fra- ternally, he is now connected with the Modern Woodmen of America, the United Workmen and the Knights of Pythias. He was grand prelate of the last named in 1901 and has taken an active interest in all. ' On July 12, 1885, at Hastings, Nebraska, he was united in marriage with Miss Jennie G. Aken, a native of Penn- sylvania, and daughter of Lewis and Elvira (El- lis) Aken, the former born and reared in that state and the latter in Michigan. Mr. and Mrs. Dodd have had five children, of whom the only one living is their son, Frank Eugene. Those deceased are Arthur, Gertrude, Harriet and Fulton. PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 345 WILLIAM DOLAN. Among- the earliest of the pioneers of Wyo- ming, and among the most successful, also, was William Dolan, now deceased, but formerly a leading citizen of Pine Bluffs. A native of Ire- land, he was born in County Kildare, on March 4, 1825, the son of Martin and Annie (Dunn) Dolan, both natives of the same country, where they lived until their deaths. William Dolan grew to man's estate in County Kildare, and received his early education in its schools. He remained at home with his parents until he had attained to the age of twenty-six years, but in 185 1 the misfortunes of Ireland, and the im- positions and persecutions practiced upon the people of that land by the ruling powers, com- bined with the reports which had come to them of the land of opportunity and freedom beyond the ocean, created a great exodus of the young Irishmen from the soil of their nativity to America, and William Dolan was among the number who came to the New World to seek their fortunes amid surroundings where polit- ical persecutions were unknown, and all men stood as equals before the law. Upon arriving in the city of New York he secured employment at various occupations until 1856, when he en- listed- in the U. S. navy in which connection he served for seven years, being in many engage- ments during the Civil War and was wounded at the taking of Fort Morgan in Mobile Bay. His record was one of conspicuous gallantry and in 1864 he was detailed as one of the watch- men at an important naval station on the coast of Florida, where he remained until 1867, when, having married, he then resigned from' the naval service and with his family came to the city of Cheyenne, Wyo. This was during the con- struction of theUnion Pacific Railroad and he obtained a position in the construction depart- ment of that company, remaining in its em- ploy for about nine years. In 1875, he took up a ranch on the Muddy Creek, about nine miles southwest of Pine Bluffs, which he owned and occupied up to the time of his demise. This place he stocked with cattle and left them in charge of employes for about two years, remain- ing himself in the employ of the Union Pacific. In 1877 he resigned his position and removed his residence to the ranch, where he continued to reside until his decease, which occurred on September 14, 1895. On November 1, 1866, Mr. Dolan was united in wedlock at Warrington, Fla., with Miss Margaret Kerwin, a native of Ireland and the daughter of James and Mary (Hession) Kerwin, natives of the same country. Her father was engaged in farming in his na- tive land until 1847, when, after the death of his wife, he emigrated to the New World. Upon his arrival in America he made his home in the city of New Orleans, La., where, in 1853, he was taken ill and died on August 10 of yellow fever. Mrs. Dolan removed from New Orleans to Florida and made her residence in that state up to the time of her marriage. Mr. and Mrs. Dolan had seven children, James, Mary E., William (deceased), John, Thomas, Edward and Joseph. The married life of this worthy pair was a very happy one and since the death of the husband and father, the widow and children have continued to carry on the business along the same lines as those pursued by him, and have met with the same gratifying success. The family own large tracts of land in Colorado, as well as the extensive holdings which they have in Wyoming, and are among the most prosperous and progressive of the citizens of Wyoming. They are devout members of the Roman Catholic church and take a deep in- terest in all works of charity and religion in the community where their home is located. No . worthy object ever goes from them .without substantial assistance. Public spirited, progres- sive, and industrious, devoted to the public wel- fare and loyal to the interests of their neighbor- hood, they are fine types of the best citizenship of the state. Mr. Dolan was a staunch adherent of the Democratic party, and ever took an active and leading part in public affairs. While never seeking political place for himself, he was devoted to his friends, and grudged no effort, 346 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. sparing neither time or money to serve them or to advance the cause of his party. He was a good man and an honored citizen, loyal to his friends, generous to his foes, having a pa- triotic interest in the public welfare. JOSIAH E. DULING. Born and reared on the wild Western fron- tier, spending his childhood among the Indians where he was the only white child in what is now the populous, opulent and progressive city of Sioux Falls, South Dakota, and passing all of his subsequent life amid the excitements, the ar- duous struggles, the privations and the substan- tial triumphs of pioneer life, Josiah E. Duling of Newcastle, Wyoming, is essentially a product in all particulars of the advance guard of civiliza- tion and has been a potential armor wearer in its ranks. His life began at Fort Randall, S. D., on September 14, 1865, a son of Jefferson and Mary A. (Rook) Duling, the former a native of Kentucky and the latter of Indiana. The father was a prosperous farmer in Iowa when the dread alarm of armed resistance to the integrity of the Union in 1861 called him to the field in its de- fense as a member of Co. C, Sixth Iowa Cavalry-. Instead of going to the South to fight the Con- federate forces, he was ordered with his com- mand to the frontier in Dakota to aid in sup- pressing uprisings by the Indians, who had timed their hostilities opportunely when the armies of the country were supposed to be needed else- where. He was stationed at Fort Randall and various other places in this country until 1864, seeing much active service, and when mustered out was appointed posttrader at White Swan just across the Missouri from Fort Randall, holding this position until 1869 when he removed to Sioux Falls, then known as Fort Dakota, to carry the mails from that point to Yankton, S. D., and Luverne, Minn. He continued his residence at Sioux Falls until his death in May, 1873, then being killed in a cyclone. His widow passed the rest of her days there, dying in August, 1894. Josiah E. Duling remained in Sioux Falls with his mother until he was twenty vears old, attend- ing school and assisting in the work of the house- hold until he was seventeen, then he went to farming in the neighborhood on his own account and two years later engaged in freighting and dealing in horses. His was a necessary enter- prise in the section in those days, and its patron- age was correspondingly generous and profitable. Yet he felt that there were better opportunities and more desirable engagements farther west, and in 1885 he sold out and came to Sundance, Wyo., and giving himself up to the especial in- dustry of the country, rode the range with zeal and diligence for two years. In 1887 he and Fred N. Coates formed a partnership in a liverv business in Sundance, and after two years of suc- cessful operation there they also started one at Tubtown near Newcastle. In September, 1889, when the enterprise and the public spirit charac- teristic of the neighborhood laid at Newcastle the foundations of a new municipal entity, thev bought lots in that town and there began a livery business, the first of its kind in the place and now a leading one in a large scope of the surrounding country. The barn was the building which has since been remodeled and rebaptized into the more respectable and dignified capacity of a county courthouse. In 1892 Mr. Camplain purchased Coates's interest, and the firm was thereafter Duling & Camplain for a year, when Mr. Duling sold his interest to Mr. Camplain and inaugurated a hack line between Newcastle and Cambria, which he carried on for two years. In the meantime, in 1891, he was appointed a deputy sheriff of Weston county, in 1893 being reappointed. Three years later he was nomi- nated on the Republican ticket for sheriff, but although he received a large vote, he was unable to overcome the big adverse majority then in the county. In 1896 he sold his hack line and in 1897 went to the Black Hills and there passed two years prospecting and mining near the town of Lead, S. D.. returning in 1899 to Newcastle, where he again entered the livery business in the building which he now occupies, and which he has continually used for the purpose from that date. He carries on a draying and transfer busi- ness in connection with the liverv, and has made PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 347 of the .two the principal enterprise of its char- acter in this whole section of country. In politics Mr. Duling is an unfaltering- Republican and has always taken an active part in public affairs. In 1900 he was elected county commissioner, and in May 1902 was chosen a member of the Newcastle city council. He is now serving in these two of- fices to the satisfaction of his large body of con- stituents and the people generally. On October 19, 1893, at' Sundance, Wyo., he was united in marriage with Miss Luella Murphy, a native of Laramie, this state, and a daughter of Francis M. Murphy. Her father removed to the state from Iowa in 1858, having" been one of the first settlers, and for many years he was engaged in hunting and trapping and working at his trade as a blacksmith. He now lives on Beaver Creek, about six miles from Newcastle. Fraternally M r. Duling is a Knight of Pythias, holding mem- bership in the lodge at Newcastle. In his early life among the Indians he learned their language so that he could speak it fluently, and acquired facility in many of their sporting and athletic accomplishments. MRS. EMILY DURNFORD. This estimable, progressive and truly repre- sentative lady is the widow of George T. Durn- ford. a prominent and much beloved citizen of Evanston, who was greatly identified with its history and took an important part in its mak- ing. He was born in 1841 in Somersetshire, England, and there learned the trade of stone masonry. He came to the United States in i860, going to Salt Lake City, Utah, where he followed his trade for five years. Following this he lived for a time in Summit county, Utah, and then came to what is now the city of Evans- ton in the employ of a coal company, but soon became a contractor in his own line of work, and he was connected with the building of near- ly all of the brick structures of the town, thus making himself one of the most useful of its citizens. Mr. Durnford was a man of marked honesty and generosity, devoted to both home and country. He was well posted in the politi- cal affairs of his adopted country and a Demo- crat in his politics ; but he never sought and would not accept political office. He took a great interest in inventions and was ever ready to avail himself of their advantages in his busi- ness. He died April 22, 1900, and is buried at Evanston. He was married in 1865 at Salt Lake City, and besides his widow, he leaves the following sons and daughters: Helen A., now Mrs. Miller ; George T. ; Walter J. ; Curtis W. ; Emily J., now Mrs. Goodman; Florence E., now Mrs. Daily. Another child, Frank, died at the age of one year and is buried in Summit county, Utah. Mrs. Durnford is comfortably situated and she lives pleasantly in one of the comfortable suburban homes of Evanston. She was born on the Hudson River in Orange coun- ty, N. Y., the daughter of Ross R. and Helen (Curtis) Rogers. Her father was a native of New York City, a cabinetmaker by trade, and became one of Utah's early pioneers, crossing the plains with his ox team in 1851 and settling at Provo. There he became interested in saw- mills and furniture making, remained two years in Provo and then went to Iron county, where he was also interested in a mill and in a fur- niture factory. He was interested in mills in various parts of Utah, but he finally went to Arizona and lived at Hades Ferry, where he owned land which he took pride in improving, and he developed a fine orchard and also de- voted himself to stockraising. He died there in 1891. He was a Republican in politics and held a number of offices, being a member of a Masonic lodge and of the Mormon church. Mrs. Durnford's mother, Mrs. Helen Curtis, was born in 1821 in Danbury, Conn. She was mar- ried in New York City and died thirty years ago and is buried in Summit county, Utah. She also was a member of the Mormon church and a woman devoted to her home. \ JOSEPH W. FISHER. Eminent as a jurist and conspicuous as a soldier, the late Joseph W. Fisher was one of the most remarkable men that ever had a home 348 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. in Cheyenne, Wyoming. His birth took place on October 16, 1814, in Northumberland, Pa., and he was the younger of two children born to Joseph W. Fisher, who was a native of Hol- land. Both parents died when Joseph W. was quite young and the future jurist was cared for by an uncle during his schoolboy days, which ended when he had reached the age of fifteen years, his attendance having been at the common schools. He then worked on a farm until he was eighteen, when he began clerking in a general store. At the age of twenty-one years he began business on his own account by opening a tailor and clothing establishment, which he conducted until 1848, but while thus engaged he devoted every spare moment to the study of law and was duly admitted to the bar and in 1848 he was elected as a Republican to the state legislature of Pennsylvania, and so satisfactory was his course while a member of that dignified body during the session to which he was first elected, that he was twice chosen to succeed himself. He then practiced law with eminent success until the breaking out of the Civil War, when, as he felt it to be his duty to take up arms in defense of the integrity of the Union, he enlisted, but before his company was ordered to the front he was elected its captain and by his request the company was christened the Cookman Rangers in honor of a popular Methodist minister in the neighborhood. The company was ordered to rendezvous at Harris- burg and the camp was named after Governor Curtin, who was an intimate friend of Captain Fisher, and it was also n'amed at the latter's request. His company was atttached to the Fifth Pennsylvania Reserves, in which regi- ment Captain Fisher was promoted to the rank of lieutenant colonel before it started for the front. Among the battles in which the regi- ment took part was the great Seven Day's Fight before Richmond, Va., in which the colonel was killed and Lieutenant Colonel Fisher assumed command until placed in command, of the Third Brigade with the rank of brigadier-general, and in his service he was twice wounded and received his honorable discharge in 1865. During a furlough home, while still suffering from his wound, this gallant and courageous soldier did not lose sight of his country's cause, but or- ganized there the One Hundred and Ninety-fifth Pennsylvania Infantry, and his valuable serv- ices while in command of the Third Brigade are noticed in a most complimentary manner in the "Personal Memoirs of Gen. U. S. Grant." On returning from the army, General Fisher resumed the practice of the law, Which he fol- lowed with unprecedented success until 1868, when, his abilities having brought him prom- inently before the people, he was elected a state senator. In 1870, he came to Wyoming, having been appointed by President Grant an associate justice of the Supreme Court of Wyoming. After officiating at two terms of court he was made chief justice and occupied the bench with dignity and impartiality until he resigned in 1879, when he resumed his legal practice with unequivocal success, retiring in 1890 on account of failing health, being sub- sequently elected prosecuting attorney. The marriage of General Fisher took place on Au- gust 16, 1836, at Milton, Pa., being united with Miss Elizabeth R. Shearer, a daughter of Maj. James R. Shearer, a patriot of the War of 1812, and his wife, Rebecca (Rupert) Shearer,, and of the eight children who crowned this union four are still living, viz. : Thomas M., an attorney at Seattle, Wash.; Tunis J., the present clerk of the district court of Cheyenne ; Harry L. and Sara M. The lamented death of Gen. Joseph W. Fisher occurred on October 18, 1900. in the faith of the Episcopal church. Fraternally he was a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Grand Army of the Republic and the Loyal Legion, and at his death passed away one of the brightest intellects and noblest souls that ever had an existence in Wyoming. Tunis J. Fisher, the sixth child in the family of Gen. Joseph W. Fisher, was born on Novem- ber 1, 1850, at Columbia, Pa., where he attended school until sixteen years of age, and then be- gan an apprenticeship at the printer's trade, at which he worked in Lancaster, Pa., until 1871. when he came to Wyoming and worked in PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 349 Cheyenne until he was appointed deputy sheriff and deputy U. S. marshal, which positions he held in the years of 1876, 1877, 1878, and in 1879 was appointed clerk of the U. S. District Court, which office he held three years, he was then ap- pointed as deputy count}' treasurer of Laramie county, performing the duties with his usual abil- ity, unswerving, integrity and faithfulness until 1895. In 1897, so exceedingly popular had he become, that he was elected clerk of the Dis- trict Court, being reelected in 1899 to succeed himself, receiving the largest majority of any candidate on the Republican ticket. Fraternally, Mr. Fisher is a member of the Elks and of the Maccabees, and is a wholesouled and public spirited citizen. He was married on October 24, 1874, at Laramie, Wyo., to Miss Kate O'Brien. To this felicitous union have been born two children, Joseph W. and Loretta M., who are like their mother, ornaments to the so- ciety circles in which they move. THOMAS J. FOSTER. Thomas J. Foster of Sheridan is one of the highly respected citizens of Northern Wyoming, coming to his estate of worldly competence and the esteem of his fellowmen through severe trial, many hardships, great endurance and fidel- ity to. every duty. In knightly parlance he has "won his spurs" and worthily does he wear them. He is the son of a pioneer family of Ohio, where he was born on October 27, 1843*. His parents, Robert J. and Rebecca (CondiO Foster, were natives respectively of Ohio and Pennsylvania, and when they began their career in life on the soil of that great state it was little more than the primeval wilderness, still under the dominion in large measure of wild beasts and savage men, its luxuriance ungoverned, its wealth of productive- ness and hidden stores waste and unclaimed, and all the forms of civilization unknown to its hills and vales now so teeming with the fruits of cul- tivated life and so it was in Wyoming, when their son, Thomas J., came here in 1876, a veritable ' pioneer of pioneers in this section, and one of the founders of the present greatness of the state. When Mr. Foster was five years old his parents removed to Missouri, settling in Holt county, and two years later his father was moved by the prevailing gold excitement to cross the plains to California, and the mother and children went to Ohio to await his return. In 1853 ^ e joined them there and they again took up their resi- dence in Missouri. For seven years they pur- sued the peaceful vocation of agriculture, and when in 1861 our land was darkened with the awful shadow of the Civil War, following their convictions both father and son joined hands with the Confederacy and enlisted in its arm}''. The father served until 1864, when he returned home and went to Montana. Mr. Foster re- mained in the service until the last flag of the Lost Cause came down at the surrender of Gen. Kirby Smith, and then returned to his neglected home in Missouri, soon after going back to Ohio. In 1868 he also made the long trip across the plains, seeking the newer land of promise, Montana, from whence after a short time he went to the Boise Valley, Idaho, and engaged in ranch- ing. In 1874 he was united in marriage with Miss Alice Davidson, a native of Iowa but reared in Oregon, and two years after his marriage he came with his family to Wyoming, passed two years at Laramie City and Cheyenne, engaged in freighting, and in 1878 returned to his ancestral vocation. Locating in what is now Johnson county, he took up land on the site of the aban- doned Fort Phil Kearney and went to farming and raising stock, remaining until 1901, serving in the meantime four years as register of the land-office at Buffalo. In 1901 he sold his ranch and took tip his residence in Sheridan, where he has a beautiful home, which is much sought as a center of refined hospitality and genial compan- ionship. Mr. and Mrs. Foster were the first actual permanent settlers in Johnson county and when they located on their ranch their nearest neighbors were on Powder- River, and also at Fort Custer, one place seventy miles distant and the other 180. It goes without saving that Mr. Foster has had many thrilling experiences with road agents and in every other form of danger. For an account of one adventure see the life of 35° PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING Frank Girard. He is a member of the Knights of Pythias and the Old Settlers' Club of Sheri- dan. The family circle contains in addition to Mr. and Mrs. Foster, their son, Ellery D., who is a skilled bookkeeper, and an adopted daughter, Vinnie. MEYER FRANK. One of the leading commercial factors and essentially a founder and builder of Weston county and its seat of government, the city of Newcastle, Meyer Frank now of that city is en- titled to the high place he holds in the confi- dence of the community and the regard of its people. His life began in Germany on Febru- ary 22, 1854, where his parents, Michael and Sarah Frank, passed their lives and where their families had been respected and esteemed for generations. He remained at home until he was sixteen years old, attending the public schools and absorbing the commercial spirit by close and studious observation of the business of his father, who was a prosperous grain mer- chant. In 1870 he came to America and joined an elder brother at Jeff ersonville, Ind., there obtaining a position as clerk and salesman in a store at the munificent salary of $6.00 per month, and his board. Subsequently he re- moved to a small town in Alabama and re- mained there about six years engaged in mer- cantile business. In 1882 he came to the Black Hills and secured employment in a mercantile establishment at Central City, S. D. Two years later he established the firm of Frank Brothers at Sundance, Wyo., which is still in active busi- ness and has grown with the needs and growth of the town to large proportions and firmness as a necessary institution in the community. It has been incorporated as the Ogden-Frank Mercantile Co., Mr. Frank being its vice-presi- dent. He is also A'ice-president of the Black Hills Live Stock Co., secretary and treasurer of the Weston County Live Stock Co., vice- president of the Wyoming Live Stock Co., vice- president of the Antlers Hotel Co. and the cashier and principal stockholder of the Bank of Newcastle, which he organized in t88g, with a capital stock of $10,000, that was increased in 1902 to $50,000. In politics Mr. Frank has been especially active, but not as a partisan, his efforts in public life being directed solely to up- building and developing the material, educa- tional, mercantile and social forces of the com- munities in which he has lived and giving their civil affairs a healthy and proper trend. He assisted in laying out the city of Newcastle and in organizing the county of Weston, and was the first treasurer of these respective municipal organizations, as county treasurer being ex- officio probate judge. In this capacity he sol- emnized the first marriage ceremony performed in the new county. He was county treasurer for three successive terms, and was mayor of Newcastle in 1900 and 1901. Having faith in the future of Sundance, he was an early and enthusiastic advocate of its progress, buying the first lot sold in the town site and erecting the first two business blocks within its limits. He was also a member of the convention that formulated the state constitution of Wyoming in 1889, and rendered valuable assistance in placing the new commonwealth properly in the company of her sisters and firmly on her feet for the career of honor, prosperity and patriot- ism which was plainly before her. In all the essentials of good citizenship and enlightened humanity he has been an example and an in- spiration, quickening with the touch of a master hand every impulse for good, and concentrating and energizing every element of civic power and progress. Among the many useful citizens of his county he stands conspicuous. JOSEPH HENRY FREEL. When the record of a human life is made up and sealed we should ask not whether it has been successful or unsuccessful according to a vulgar standard of success, whether broad lands have re- warded its toil or all has at the last been swept from its grasp. We should rather ask whether it has subdued and harmonized its erring pas- sions, has it been a true, genial and useful life. Tried even by this exacting standard, the late I. PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 35i J. Henry Fred of Newcastle, Wyoming, whose untimely death, September 25, 1891, at the early age of forty-two, occasioned universal sorrow where he was known, is entitled to a high re- gard. He was born on April 4, 1849, in Warren county, Iowa, the son of James and Margaret (Portis) Freel, natives respectively of Ohio and North Carolina. They were farmers in Iowa, and their ashes repose under the sod of that great state. J. Henry Freel even as a boy exhibited great resolution of spirit and self-reliance, and at the age of eleven years left his paternal roof, making his way to Denver, Colo., and after passing a short time there, engaged for service with a freighting outfit traversing the wild and pathless stretches of Nebraska, Wyoming and the Black Hills country, the first enterprise of the kind known in those parts. The country was rugged and untrodden, the Indians were hostile and numerous and the freights were of great value at times. There were numberless adven- tures and many engagements with the savages in some of which Mr. Freel received wounds, the marks 'of which he carried to his grave. He continued his freighting operations however un- til the country opened up and became more set- tled, and then having outfits of his own made regular trips between Cheyenne and the Black Iiills. In 1878 he located a ranch in the vicinity of the Jenny stockade on Beaver Creek, and settling on it for the purpose of farming he gave his teams in charge to his brother who con- tinued the freighting business between Sidney, Neb., and Deadwood, S. D., he continuing as owner of the outfits and having an interest in the business until 1881 when he sold out and gave his attention entirely to his ranch and cattle industry. In those days the conditions of life and business were hard and trying. Road-agents were numerous and bold, the civil authorities being unable to restrain them, and the centers of population were few and it was far between them. The stages were held up almost every day, and the dangers of persons using them were greatly intensified as the value of their freight was increased. In 1878 the notorious Charlev Carey and his gang made the memorable hold-up of the Deadwood and Cheyenne stage when it had in custody a large amount of bullion, and the Vigilantes seemed either powerless in the presence of this band of outlaws or to be in col- lusion with it. Even on the ranch, where the only near neighbors Were wild beasts and the usual visitors were highwaymen, the nearest resi- dent white families being fifty miles distant, the days were full of excitement and the nights of apprehension. But the Freels worked on with a resolute purpose to make their venture good and as time passed beheld the natural ruggedness of the landscape melt away under the persuasive hand of intelligent industry which they had put in motion for the purpose, the*}' being the second permanent settlers in that portion of the state. Mr. Freel continued his ranching operations until his death, and was then laid to rest in the ceme- tery at Newcastle with every demonstration of popular esteem and affection. He was an ardent believer in the principles and policies of the Democratic party and, although never seeking or accepting official station of any kind, had an earnest and continuous interest in public affairs, which found expression in useful attention to the needs of the community and an intelligent guidance of its civic forces. On July 22, 1878, he was united in marriage with Miss Effie Hen- Ian, the nuptials being solemnized at Fort Lara- mie. Mrs. Freel is a native of Pennsylvania where her father, John C. Henlan was also born and was a merchant until 1884, when he removed to Shelton, Neb., and there was engaged in the furniture business until his death in November, 1897. Her mother, nee Helen Goddard, was born in Paris, France, and in her infancy she was stolen from her home and brought over to the United States where she was brought up as an adopted child. She is now living in Colorado. Mr. and Mrs. Freel had five children, Bessie May, now Mrs. Bodey; Lucia Florence, deceased; Effie Edith ; John Henry ; Charles A. Since the death of her husband Mrs. Freel has resided in Newcastle, having leased her Beaver Creek ranch. She has a beautiful residence in the town and other property there besides interests in Nebraska which she inherited from her father. 35^ PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. At a recent picnic of the old settlers of Crook and Weston counties she was presented with a chair as the oldest settler in the two counties. She is an active member of the Episcopal church. THOMAS FREANEY. The highly esteemed resident of Glendo, Laramie county, Wyoming, Thomas Freaney, is a native of Ireland, born in County Mayo on December 23, 1843, the son of Thomas and Winifred (Moran) Freaney, both natives of Ire- land, where the father followed the occupation of farming up to the time of his decease, which occurred in 1850. • His mother survived until 1886, when she passed away and both are buried in their native county. Thomas Freaney grew to manhood in his native land and received his early education in the government schools. After he had completed his education, he re- mained with his parents, assisting his father in the work of the farm, until he had attained to the age of twenty-one years. He then went to Yorkshire, England, secured employment on a farm, and remained there until 1867, when he set sail for America. After his arrival in this country he remained for about eleven months in the state of New York, employed in farm work until June, 1868, then migrated to the territory of Colorado, where he settled first at Central City, but soon went to Boulder coun- ty, where he engaged in mining and cattlerais- ing. He met with success and in 1873 he re- moved his residence to Larimer county, near Fort Collins, where he purchased a ranch and engaged in farming and stockraising. He here continued in this pursuit until 1881, when he removed to the Horseshoe Creek country of Wyoming, where he located his present ranch, situated about ten miles southwest of Glendo, and still continued in the cattle business. He has been successful, steadily increasing his holdings of both land and cattle, and is now one of the prosperous stockmen and property owners of Laramie county. In 1899 he pur- chased the old road ranch, one of the former stao-e stations on the old overland trail to Cali- fornia, and one of the historic spots of this por- tion of Wyoming. He is the owner of about 600 acres of land, having over 200 acres under irrigation, and all modern improvements for the successful carrying on of a general ranching and stockgrowing business, and is largely inter- ested in both horses and cattle. Mr. Freaney is a member of the Roman Catholic church and one of the most valued citizens of Laramie county. Politically, he is identified with the Democratic part}', but has never taken an act- ive part in political affairs. HARRY FULMER. The leading druggist of Sheridan and one of the prominent and representative men of the community, Harry Fulmer, learned wisdom in the hard school of experience, and was broad- ened, deepened and made resourceful by years of dangerous and difficult service as a stage- driver and foreman for a large cattle outfit. He is a native of Pennsylvania, that great hive of industry which has sent its active and produc- tive men into every part of this country, and was born on November 11, 1861, the son of W. F. and Rebecca (Michner) Fulmer, also na- tives of that state. When he was eleven years of age they removed to Omaha, Neb., where he lived until he reached the age of eighteen years^ then, in 1879, he came to Wyoming, a pioneer in truth and fact, and for five years engaged in stagedriving. In 1884 he stopped this line of action and took a position with the P. K. Cattle Co., in their service rising by merit to the post of foreman and filling it for a number of years with great satisfaction to the company. He re- mained in their employ eighteen years, resign- ing in 1902 to locate at Sheridan and engage in the drug business. His store is one of the attractive ones of the town and the con- venience of its arrangement and the disposition of its commodities makes it especially service- able and agreeable to its patrons, who may always feel sure of finding in it the best of every article of staple and standard drugs, patent medicines, toilet requisites, perfumes and rubber PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 353 sundries, and other lines of goods allied by cus- tom with the drug business. The firm name is Fulmer & Suits, and the business is conducted on strictly up-to-date principles, as is every- thing Mr. Fulmer does 1 . In politics Mr. Fulmer is a steadfast Republican, having for many years been active in the service of his party. He was a member of the First State Legislature of Wyoming and has been forceful and influ- ential in party circles while not in office. He is not a narrow partisan, nor in any sense an of- fice-seeker, for he prefers the substantial wel- fare and advancement of the community to any party triumph and the post of private citizen- ship to any official station. He was married in 1884, at Bighorn, Sheridan county, to Miss Ella Burgess, a native of California, who came to the county in 1880. They have three children, Alice, Wilbur and Harry. Mr. Fulmer holds membership in the Old Settlers' Club and takes an active part in its proceedings. His long residence in this section of the state and the wide range of experience he has had have made him generally known and given him an accu- rate and comprehensive knowledge of the sec- tion and its people. All his attainments are at the service of his fellows, and the esteem in which he is held is abundant evidence of the uprightness and the usefulness of his life, the genuine worth of his character and the agree- ableness of his manner. DANIEL EVERETT GODDARD. It has been well said that all human achieve- ments, all human weal and woe, all things with- in the mental ken, are but mirrored back from the composite individuality of those who have lived and that the accomplishments of the men of the present generation had "their germ and origin in the character of their ancestors. In entering up a record of the career of one who has played well his part in the great drama of life, and who has left the impress of a strong character upon the communities wherein his lot has been cast, it is always pleasant to note that he can trace his lineage to people of good parts, intelligent mentality and superior ability, so in writing of Mr. Daniel E. Goddard, who' is holding important office at Lusk, Wyoming, we gladly make record that his ancestry was of a superior order, being an old and cultured fam- ily of the great metropolis of England, where representatives of each generation have held honored positions in some branch of the world's great activities. Daniel Everett Goddard was born in London, England, on June 28, 1858, the son of Daniel E. and Elizabeth (Cockins) Goddard, the father being a native of Ipswich and the mother of Christ Church, Hampshire, where her father, Thomas Cockins,- was also born, the paternal grandfather, Daniel Hale Goddard, also having had his nativity in Ips- wich. He was employed in the Bank of Eng- land as a young man in a clerical capacity, and, after some years of service, he was trans- ferred to Bristol and was then the subagent of its branch bank, thereafter being promoted to be agent at their branch bank at Newcastle-on- Tyne, which exacting and responsible financial position he held with distinguished honor for twenty-five years and up to the time of his death. His son, Daniel E. Goddard, the father of our Wyoming- postmaster, also entered the service of the Bank of England as a junior clerk, and after successive promotions and forty-five years of most acceptable service, he was re- tired on a pension in February, 1901, and is now living" a retired life in his pleasant rural home at Wallington, in Surrey. His early intention was to become an analytical chemist, for which he thoroughly qualified himself by attendance and graduation from the celebrated Kings Col- lege University, thereafter entering the Jarrow Chemical Works, where he was in receipt of a fair salary, when at the request of his father he took the position offered him in the bank. He always maintained his interest in science, being a Fellow of the Royal Microscopical So- ciety and a Fellow of the Royal Society, both highly distinguished bodies of England. Daniel Everett Goddard was the eldest of the seven children of his father's family, and received a liberal education at Trinity College, Wallington, 354 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. graduating therefrom in the class of '74, there- after passing the civil service examination and going out in the service of the British govern- ment to the Fiji Islands, where he remained for thirty months in pleasant employment in the custom-house department, enjoying to the full- est extent the very beautiful country and learn- ing the Fijian language. After his return home he concluded to emigrate to America, and six months thereafter was on his way to Kansas, where he located in Osborne county and en- gaged in the stock industry, continuing his resi- dence there until 1884 and meeting with suc- cess. Removing to Alton, Kansas, he there formed an association with C. C. Dale in the practice of law which continued for four years with satisfactory results. In 1888 he came to Lusk and here established himself in the real- estate and insurance business. In 1890 he was appointed U. S. land commissioner as a Re- publican and still continues in the incumbency of that office. In 1890 he was commissioned post- master, and, witn the exception of four years under Grover Cleveland's administration, he has held the office until the present time, and is also city clerk. Mr. Goddard was united in marriage with Miss Matilda Spain, a daughter of Bartholomew and Charlotte (Kebble) Spain, of Kent, England, on March 12, 1879. She de- scends from an old and influential family long resident in the beautiful, garden-like county of Kent, owning large estates there and also at Seven Oaks, England. The children of this union are Elizabeth W., wife of James S. Bons- velle, a rancher of Lusk; Daniel E., a promi- nent stockman of Lusk; Edith M., assistant- postmaster. The Goddard family have many friends, being intimately connected with all the affairs of the community, in which they occupy a high place in the regard of the people. Mr. Goddard is slightly interested in the stock busi- ness in company with his son and also transacts a large amount of real-estate business, being now the administrator of several large estates, and is the local representative of numerous leading fire and life insurance companies, hav- ing transactions of scope and importance in this line. Fraternally, Mr. Goddard is an Odd Fellow, his religious affiliations being with the Episcopal church, in which he has taken great interest from childhood, being then a chorister, while for the past two years he has had charge of the St. George's Episcopal church at Lusk as a lay reader, and here he has organized a full choral service, a vested choir of twenty-two voices. ERASMUS NAGLE. This once famous business man of Cheyenne, Wyoming, was born in St. Clairsville, Belmont county, Ohio, on October 30, 1833. a son of George and Elizabeth (Ewing) Nagle, both na- tives of Ohio and the latter a descendant of Rob- ert Ewing, the famous Scotch divine. Erasmus Nagle received his literary education in his na- tive town, where he resided until he had attained his majority, when he proceeded to Chicago, 111., where he graduated from Bryant & Stratton's commercial college and also learned the sad- dler's trade at Monmouth, 111., later becoming a traveling salesman, handling harness and sad- dlery for several manufacturers, next engaging in business on his own account at Central City, Colo., in the lumber business until 1868, thence coming to Cheyenne, where he became a partner in the grocery trade with M. E.Post, as Post & Nagle, but soon afterward secured control of its affairs on his own account, becoming one of the most extensive wholesale grocers in the then territory of Wyoming. He also largely invested in cattleraising in partnership with Charles Wolf- jen on Sybylle Creek. Mr. Nagle sold his in- terest in this cattle business in 1882. but up to the time of his death continued to be a heavy stock- holder in various cattle companies. In 1884 the Union Mercantile Co. was organized by the con- solidation of the three largest grocery houses in Cheyenne, those of Erasmus Xagle, of Pease & Taylor and Whipple & Hayes, and of this com- pany, which later absorbed the large grocery of George A. Draper. Mr. Nagle was the president until his death which occurred on January 24, 1890. The sterling business qualities and prac- tic abilities of Mr. Nasrle were recognized in his I ^-o ou**. PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 355 pointments to positions of trust. In 1876 he was elected as one of the board of county commission- ers; serving in this position with exceptional abil- ity and fidelity. In 1881 he was tendered the nomination of delegate to Congress by a con- vention of the Republican party, but declined to accept it. He was however in that year appoint- ed one of the state penitentiary commissioners and was made chairman of the board. In 1886 he was appointed as one of the capitol building commissioners and then became chairman of the commissioners during the construction of that beautiful edifice, and to its supervision he devoted much faitful service, for which the state owes him a debt of gratitude for his careful attention to details and thorough mastery of architectural knowledge could not have been well dispensed with. In 1886 Mr. Nagle began the construction of the most beautiful private residence of Chey- enne, for when fully completed, equipped and furnished, its cost approximated $50,000, being built of stone, its architectural elegance and fin- ished workmanship has rarely been rivaled in the largest cities. He was most happily united in marriage at Cheyenne, on November 24,, 1874, with Miss Emma Houseman, an accomplished daughter of Henry and Ellen Houseman, who were among the earliest settlers in Wyoming and well-known, being especially prominent in Chey- enne. To this felicitous union was born one son, George H. Nagle, who was born in Cheyenne, Wyo., on September 1,- 1876, and attended the public schools of his native city until he was fourteen years of age; next he' attended a pre- paratory school at Rock Island, 111., and then re- ceived the benefit of an Episcopal college. He then went to Europe with a competent private tutor, made the "grand tour," on his return to his native land attended school in California and also Wallace's Business College in Denver, Colo. At the age of twenty-one years, being then fully qualified for the task, George H. Nagle assumed full charge of the estate left by his father and also succeeded him in the presidency of the Union Mercantile Co., all the duties of which he has discharged most successfully. Fraternally, he is a "Mason of high degree," while politically he is a Republican and has served his party as a member of the Fifth Legislature of Wyoming. His marriage took place at Ogden, Utah, on March 19, 1898, being then united with Miss Mabel C. Yates, a daughter of Francis D. and Hattie (Brown) Yates, the father was born in Albany, N. Y., in July, 1846, a son of Richard Yates, a banker. After graduating from the Geneva (N. Y.) College, Mr. Yates came to the West, for a while lived in Denver, Colo., where he clerked in a trader's store for four years. He was then appointed by the U. S. Department of the Interior the Indian trader at Spotted Tail agency, where he served two years, and then was transferred to the Red Cloud agency, where he seved another term of two years. He then re- turned to Denver and became interested in mines in various parts of Colorado. He married Hattie F. Brown in January, 1875, at Cheyenne, to which union have been born two children, Mabel C, now Mrs. George H. Nagle, and Lillie M., now Mrs. A. T. Corey, her husband being one of the firm of Corey Bros., the well-kown rail- road contractors, who still have their residence in the East. ANDREW GILCHRIST. One of the leading men of Wyoming, one who did more perhaps for the development of its resources and to promote its settlement and growth than any other citizen, Hon. Andrew Gilchrist, late of the city of Cheyenne, was a native of Scotland, a fine type of that race which has written so large a page in the history of the world's progress and contributed in such large measure to the promotion of civilization. Born on March 4, 1844, in Ayrshire, Scotland, he was the son of Andrew and Catherine (Pollock) Gil- christ, both natives of the same country, where his father was one of the largest and most suc- cessful breeders of high-grade cattle in Scotland. He continued to reside there up to the time of his death, leaving his native country only once, when he came to America to visit his son, Andrew. For more than forty years the father was the effi- cient quartermaster sergeant of the English Yeo- 356 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. men Cavalry, and he ever took great interest in military affairs. The subject of this sketch him- self served from the age of seventeen to nineteen years as a member of the Queen's Life. Guards. He grew to man's estate in Ayrshire, receiving his early education in the country schools, and remained with his parents until he had attained twenty-one years of age. In 1865, with no capi- tal except energy, ability and determination to carve out a successful career, he came to Amer- ica. Here he attended, as his means permitted, a business college situated near Hartford, Conn., for the purpose of acquiring a practical know- ledge of doing business in the land of his adop- tion, and subsequently he accepted a position at South Manchester, Conn., being the outdoor superintendent of Cheney Brothers, silk manu- facturers, remaining in this employment for five years, he then organized a colony in Connecticut and came to Greeley, Colo. He was chosen as the head of this colony and they purchased a large tract of land in the vicinity of Greeley and engaged in cattleraising. They also erected a sawmill, and manufactured lumber, continuing in that business until the spring of 1872. Mr. Gilchrist then entered upon the business of rais- ing cattle on his own account and continued in that pursuit until 1877, when he removed to the then territory of Wyoming. Driving a large band of cattle from his former range in Colo- rado, he took up land on Crow Creek, continued in the cattle business, and this was the beginning of his remarkable financial career in Wyoming. From the beginning he prospered, his habits of thrift, perseverance and industry enabling him to succeed where others failed. He added to his landed holdings until he became one of the largest landed proprietors in the western portion of the United States, owning vast tracts of many thousands of acres, on one occasion purchasing 130,000 acres from the Union Pacific Railroad. He was one of the first among the stockmen of Wyoming to enter upon the improvement of the grades of cattle, importing large numbers of thoroughbred Herefords for that purpose, and was largely instrumental in bringing about the change from the inferior grades of range stock which were then handled in this portion of the West. During the early eighties he acquired a large interest in the stock of the Stockgrowers National Bank of Cheyenne, and was made a director of that institution. Subsequently, he was elected its president and, by his ability, business management and strong financial resources he conducted the institution through the years of financial distress and panic in Wyoming, it being the only banking house in the city of Cheyenne that did not close its doors during the financial crisis of 1886. Always enterprising, active and progressive, he was the first to conceive the idea of building up the city of Wheatland, and it was largely through his efforts that the change, so beneficial to all the people of that section of Wyoming, was brought about. Ever foremost in advancing the public welfare and in pressing forward all measures intended to be of advantage to the people or to develop the natural resources of the state, Jie never seemed to think of his own interests, working untiringly and very unsel- fishly for the general good. To his patriotic efforts, put forth at all times with an eye single to the advancement of the state he loved so well, the people of Wyoming owe him a debt of grati- tude which can never be fully paid. The future commonwealth, teeming with prosperity, the plains once barren now covered with happy homes and occupied by a population of thousands of well-to-do citizens, will be his best monument. To him, more than to any other man, will these results be due and all honor should be given by the men and women of Wyoming to the brave and far-seeing pioneer, whose clear vision caught the future possibilities of the state, and whose un- erring judgment enabled him to shape the con- ditions of his time so that generations yet unborn might reap the benefit of his intelligent efforts in tbeir behalf. All his life a Republican in politics, he gave of his time and means freely for the pur- pose of aiding Republicanism, believing that in so doing • he was best serving his state and nation. During his early residence in Wyoming, he served for several terms as a member of the Legislative Assembly, and much legislation of benefit to the state, and especially to the live stock PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 357 industry, owes its origin to his wisdom and patriotism. Often solicited by his friends and part}- associates to accept positions of trust and honor in the gift of the political party with which he was affiliated, he steadfastly refused to be- come a candidate for any other place than that of member of the legislature, and during the latter years of his life he declined to serve in that capacity, for he was of the opinion that he could be of greater service to the people, and better promote the interests of the state, by re- maining a private citizen. He was always plan- ning some measure of great public benefit, seem- ingly without any reference whatever to his own personal interest, save as he might share in the prosperity common to all, and in his untimely death the people of Wyoming lost their greatest benefactor. On February 13, 1866, in Glasgow, Scotland, Mr. Gilchrist was united in marriage with Miss Mary Gemmell, a native of that city and a daughter of Archibald and Janet (Eadie) Gemmell, natives of Scotland. The father of Mrs. Gilchrist followed the occupation of farm- ing, and was never a resident of America, al- though he travelled here in search of health when a young man, both of her parents living and dying in Scotland. Among other important public matters with which Mr. Gilchrist was con- nected was the location of the state capitol, and he was largely instrumental in having it placed upon its present site in the city of Cheyenne. It is situated about one block from the residence now occupied by the widow of Mr. Gilchrist, which was erected by him in 1883. She is also the owner of a large block of land near her resi- dence, and of a fine stock ranch situated on Middle Crow Creek. Her husband left a large estate, now controlled by the widow, who shares in the high esteem in which Mr. Gilchrist was held by the people of Wyoming. DR. F. E. GODFREY. One of the leading professional men of Western Wyoming and one of the most prom- inent young men of the state in both business and political life, is Dr. F. E. Godfrey of Lan- der, Wyoming. His profession is that of den- tistry and he is one of the foremost of that pur- suit in the western country. The Doctor was born at Nevada, Mo., on March 5, 1876, a son of G. R. and Sarah M. (Calloway) Godfrey, both natives of Kentucky. His father was a drug- gist and broker and the son of a prominent citi- zen of the Blue Grass State. The family, which was of Scotch and English descent, was well known during Colonial days, and took an act- ive and leading part in the War of the Revolu- tion. Doctor Godfrey was the eldest of a fam- ily of three children, the others being named Lillian L. and Grover C. He grew to man- hood in his native state and received his ele- mentary education in the public schools of Ne- vada. Subsequently, he attended the Western Dental College at Kansas City and still later was graduated from the University of Tennes- see, in the dental department, he receiving there his degree in dentistry and also an honorary degree in surgery in 1898, being the youngest member of his class. Upon completing his uni- versity education he established himself at Ne- vada, Mo., in the practice of dentistry, but soon came to Lander, Wyo., where he has since re- sided, having been very successful in business and building up a large and constantly growing practice. He has large and luxurious offices in the Amoretti Building, over the postoffice. The mother of Doctor Godfrey was a direct descendant of Daniel Boone, and he has largely inherited the dauntless courage, industry and enterprise of that great pioneer. In addition to his professional pursuits, he has found time to give no little attention to business, and is interested in some promising oil properties near Lander, which are likely to bring him handsome returns. Fraternally, he is affiliated with the Masonic order, being a member of Wyoming Lodge, No. 2, and also of the 1 Eastern Star; he is also a member ox the Knights of Pythias, and vice-chancellor of the lodge at Lander. He is also a member of the Woodmen of the World, and takes an active and leading part in the social and fraternal life of the community. Pol- liticallv, he is identified with the Democratic 353 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. party, and is one, of the most trusted leaders of that organization in Western Wyoming. In 1900 he was elected as an alternate delegate from Wyoming to the Democratic national con- vention at Kansas City, and in the same year was a delegate from Fremont county to the Democratic state convention at Rawlins, Wyo. He has a large and enthusiastic following among the young men of the state, and is des- tined to become one of the leading factors in the future of the Democratic party of Wyom- ing. JOB C, GOODMAN. A native of Niagara county, N. Y., where he was born in 1852, his young life shadowed by the dark cloud of the Civil War, and removed from the home of his childhood to the wild West in his early youth, Job C. Goodman of Evans- ton, Wyoming, has seen much of change and adventure, and had opportunity to study man- kind and human characteristics in many longi- tudes. His parents were Elias and Sarah (Cook) Goodman, the former a native of Pennsylvania and the latter of the Mohawk Valley, N. Y. At the beginning of the Civil War the father en- listed in the Union army as a member of the Seventeenth N. Y. Heavy Artillery in the ranks. He saw active and arduous service, was a partici- pant in many important engagements, and at the end of the contest was discharged as a sergeant, having been promoted for meritorious conduct. After the war he engaged in contracting and in the line of this business removed to Hilliard, Wyo., in 1874. There he found profitable busi- ness in building flumes which occupied him for a year. He then removed to Evanston and con- tinued contracting until his death in 1895 at the age of seventy-two, from disabilities incurred in the war. Mr. Goodman's grandfather Good- man emigrated from Holland to Pennsylvania when a young man, and after a residence of some years there removed to Weston, N. Y., among the earliest settlers of that place. His wife was a native of Pennsylvania, but the ma- ternal grandfather, Seely Cook, was born and was reared in New York state. He attained promi- nence in politics and filled the office of justice of the peace for a number of terms. Mr. Goodman received his early education in the public schools of his native county, remaining at home until he reached his legal majority, then farming in New York for a year or two, thence he came to Wyo- ming, locating for a time at Green River and then removing to Evanston, where he engaged in raising cattle and sheep for a number of years, his family meanwhile residing in the town and on his ranch of 3,200 acres lying about twenty miles southeast. He has been intensely active and in- fluential in politics on the Republican side, and has rendered his party excellent service both as a private in the ranks and in the official stations to which he was chosen because of his sterling worth and superior ability. He was county assessor in 1899 and 1900 and in the fall of the latter year was elected county treasurer, assum- ing the duties of the office on January 1, 1901. His capability and fitness for the office were so manifest in his administration of the duties con- nected therewith that he was reelected in the fall of 1902 by an increased majority. He also takes great interest in church matters. He was married in 1871 to Miss Amelia Brewer, a native of New York and daughter of AYilliam and Eve (Nerber.) Brewer, and they have two children, Arthur D. and Albert. JAMES GRAHAM. "Canny Scotland" is very largely represented in the names of the progressive, industrious and highly successful men who have been interested and by their labors eminently useful in the de- velopment of the wild West into the highly pro- ductive and wealthy realm of civilization that, through their efforts, it has become. Among their number there is perhaps none other more worthy of individual mention than the prosper- ous James Graham, now of Willow Bank ranch, which is situated on Willow Creek, Uinta coun- ty, Wyo., one mile and a half east of the pros- perous town of Hilliard. Mr. Graham was born in Kirkcudbrightshire, Scotland, on Feb- ruary 23. 1841], Ins parents being Robert and PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 359 Janet (McLeod) Graham, both of whom were descendants of highly intelligent and respected families, identified for generations with the in- dustrial interests of that country. His father, a carpenter by profession, was extensively known and highly esteemed and died in Scot- land in 1876, at the age of seventy-six, his wife surviving him only by one year, when she, too, passed from earth at the age of seventy years. James Graham received a solid education in the Scottish public schools, supplementing this by an attendance at the night schools of Edin- burgh, where he took a thorough business course, while in the day-time he was pursuing his labors in the necessary business connected with his employment in a nursery. At the age of seventeen years he assumed the personal re- sponsibility of life for himself, and, after two years and a half of steady application to vari- • ous pursuits in Scotland, the attractions of the New World and its possibilities for suc- cess to active, energetic young men, induced his emigration to the United States. He crossed the Atlantic in 1870, stopped for a short time in New York state and then he took the long journey across the continent, making "his destination Rawlins, Wyoming. Here he became identified with the Union Pacific Railroad by entering its employ in the capacity of yard- master. His ability, good judgment and steady attention to the interests of the company soon caused his promotion to section foreman, which responsible position he held for eight years. Always desirous of improving his condition in life, and alert in securing a position of advance- ment, while performing the duties of his last named position he learned telegraphy, and from foreman on the road became the night opera- tor in the company's station at Carter. Soon becoming conversant with the duties of station agent, after a period of time passed as operator at Carter and Bryan stations, he became station agent at Bridger, where for three years he gave valuable and appreciated services to the com- pany. From Bridger he was sent to Aspen, where he was agent and also had charge of the watering tank until 190*1, when his relations with the company were amicably closed. One of the characteristics of a true son of Scotland is the desire to become the owner of a portion of real-estate on which to establish a permanent family home. This idea had been carried into practice by Mr. Graham some years before clos- ing his railroad life, and he had acquired 'the nucleus of his beautiful home, Willow Bank ranch, in 1887, and on this he established him- self in the raising of cattle and horses. He has added to his estate by subsequent purchases until he now owns in fee simple nearly 2,600 acres of land and controls an extensive range. Here his persistent efforts and determined skill have developed a large and profitable business. In his catttle 'ranches he makes a specialty of Hereford stock, which he raises in large num- bers and of best quality, while some individual specimens of his horses are unexcelled in qual- ity by any stock in this section of the state. Mr. Graham has made many and valuable improve- ments on his ranch, bringing it into a high state of cultivation, with care and discrimination im- proving it with a special view of making it an ideal one in the line of agricultural industry to which he is devoting his attention. He has erected a commodious residence and all the outbuildings necessary to comfortably house and care for such of his. stock as he chooses to provide for in this manner. His agricultural and stockraising operations are conducted in such a manner as to bring in a very profitable annual return, and he is considered one of the representative stockmen of Western Wyom- ing. On May 9, 1877, Mr. Graham was mar- ried, with Miss Elizabeth Gordon, a daughter of James and Jane (Millroy) Gordon, natives of Scotland. Mrs. Graham was also born in Scot- land and came to this country in 1877. The family of Mr. and Mrs. Graham now consists of three children, one having died at the age of nine years. Their names are Jane M., now a successful teacher in the schools of Aspen, Wyo. ; Nellie, deceased ; Robert G. ; James H. With his usual energy of character Mr. Graham has attached himself to the fortunes of the Re- publican political party and has done much to 3 6 ° PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. aid and further its success in local, state and national affairs. Mr. and Mrs. Graham stand high in the estimation of the people of the com- munity, not only on account of their intelli- gence, zeal in public affairs and their many ad- mirable social qualities, but also from their great activity, which is manifested in their co- operation with and participation in all matters intended to improve the condition of that por- tion of the community with which they are con- nected. They have long been members of the Presbyterian church. Mr. Graham is one of those strong, self-reliant men, who, having been dependent upon himself since early youth, has come to regard ordinary obstacles in the way of his progress as mere trifles, *which vanish like shadows when attacked with zeal and de- termination. CHARLES GUILD. Wherever one goes in traveling over the broad extent of the American continent, the Scotch element appears prominently connected in its civilization with not only the learned pro- fessions, but also as leaders in large and ex- tensive commercial operations and industrial organizations and combinations of high order. The industry, thrift, sagacity and strong mental powers so characteristic of the Scottish race in its native land, are here developed to an ex- tent that causes it to dominate and take the leadership and to control the affairs that it is connected with and conduct them to gratifying success in every department of commercial ac- tivity. We are led to these reflections in con- templating the life of Charles Guild, now a resi- dent of Piedmont, Wyoming, who is not only a man of successful business undertakings, but deeply permeated with a highly religious spirit, is an honored and useful member of his com- munity and his church. He was born in Dun- dee, Scotland, on April 14, 1826, a son of James and Agnes (Gordon) Guild, representatives of families that for a long series of years have been identified with the old "land of the heather and the hill." His paternal great-grandparents were David and Isabel (Wanlass) Guild. David Guild became a weaver by profession and voca- tion and, as is customary in the old country, his son Charles (who married Margaret Smith) as well as his grandson James, became weavers, and this honorable vocation has been success- full)- and diligently followed for many genera- tions. Charles Guild, even when but a child, was employed in some of the departments of the weaving trade, by his industry here adding to the general earnings for the family support. As he was thus fully occupied he had little opportunity to acquire the needed education of the schools and books. He, however, became thoroughly conversant with all the details of his trade and was occupied in weaving in Scot- land until his emigration to the United States in 1854. Immediately upon arriving in the United States he took his course to Utah, where, with the same industry and conscien- tious fidelity to his work, he was engaged in weaving and farming for fifteen years in Ogden and Lehi. In 1868 the first survey of the Union Pacific Railroad was conducted, and Mr. Guild then came to Wyoming and located his home and family on the stage road, close to the toll- gate, four miles below Piedmont, which was their residence for about four years. When the town of Piedmont was located, the family re- moved thither and Mr. Guild established the first mercantile business of the town, which he successfully conducted until his buildings and stock of goods were destroyed by fire. Not dis- couraged by this ill-fortune, however, he at once turned his attention to ranching - , taking up a tract of government land in 1884, a portion of his present home. Since that time he has added to his landed possessions until in this ranch he owns 640 acres of valuable and highly productive land. This property he has largely improved and developed into one of the finest homes in this section of the state, and here he has erected a commodious residence containing twenty-three rooms. The necessities of the public seemed to demand that this residence should also be utilized as a hotel, and as such it has been popularly conducted by Mr. Guild PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 361 to the satisfaction of his numerous patrons. In many directions the energies and business ca- pacities of Mr. Guild have been demonstrated. He was one of the founders and corporators of the Guild Land and Live Stock Co., of which he has held the office of president, and he also es- tablished upon a firm foundation and basis the Guild Mercantile Co. He has been a strong supporter of the Republican party and has taken a very active part in the affairs of the county, while he has performed the duties of a justice of the peace with conceded ability. Mr. Guild has been for many years a conscientious and valuable member of the Church of Latter Day Saints, active in its services and he is now filling the highly responsible office of elder of the church at Piedmont. At Ogden, Utah, on February 19, 1855, Mr. Guild was united in matrimony with Miss Mary M. Cardon, a daughter of Philip and Martha M. (Turner) Cardon. She was born in Piedmont, Italy. Her father was a native of France and her mother of England. They became residents of Utah in 1854, and there resided until their respective deaths which came at Logan. To Mr. and Mrs. Charles Guild have been born eleven chil- dren, eight are now living. They are Mary, wife of John Cross of Piedmont, where he is a merchant and holds the office of postmaster ; Charles - A., died in infancy at Slaterville, Utah; Joseph P., noted on other pages of this work : James H., engaged in stockraising; George T., also mentioned in another part of this volume ; John A., married and resides at Lyman, Wyo., where he is the popular postmaster and a mer- chant ; Lovina A., who died in infancy at Utah ; Emma, wife of Daniel Gambell, Union Pacific station agent at Carter, Wyo.; Ida E., wife of D. C. Swartsfager, Union Pacific station agent at Knight, Wyo. ; William 0., connected with merchandising at Lyman ; Katie A., a young lady of brilliant promise, who, after graduating at Brigham Young College at Logan, Utah, died at Piedmont, on November 23, 1898, at the age of twenty-two years and nine months, and was buried in the Guild cemetery on the Piedmont ranch. Favored with sons whose abilities were equal to the successful achieve- ment of the diversified kinds of business in which Mr. Guild is interested, he has practically retired from their operations and is enjoying the society of his numerous friends during these advancing years of his life. He has ever been a man of exemplary habits, kind-hearted, hos- pitable, generous to the needy, sympathetic with the suffering and diligent and faithful to all his trusts. He is gifted with a wonderful in- tuitive knowledge of mechanics and has in- vented a number of useful articles, notably a combination door lock which can be changed to 220 different combinations, and he has been successful as a logical sequence of the com- monsense, industry and capacity he has mani- fested during a long series of years. His wife has been truly a loyal helpmeet and they main- tain in their pleasant Wyoming home a gener- ous western Hospitality. ARTHUR MACDONALD GILDERSLEEVE. It is a fact patent to all that the character of a city or community depends largely upon the standing of its business men, their reliability, energy, integrity in contracts and agreements, together with the esteem in which they are held by the public. In many respects the city of Rock Springs has been fortunate in its citizens, many of whom have now not only a large share of public confidence in the immediate community, but much more than local repute in their various lines of activity. Among the city's substantial men of affairs no one is held in higher personal regard than Arthur Macdonald Gildersleeve, who, although young in years, has so im- pressed his personality upon the vicinity as to maintain the reputation of a representa- tive citizen. He is a native of Kingston, Can- ada, being a son of James and Julia (Rose) Gildersleeve, both parents being born and reared in that country. For a great number of years James Gildersleeve was a prominent barrister of Kingston and in addition to his profession de- voted considerable time to the marine trade, hav- ing: run a line of steamers on the Great Lakes to 762 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMIXG. various points in Canada and the United States. He was a man of fine literary attainments and a profound scholar, when a young man being' graduated with honors from one of the principal educational institutions of his native country, after which he passed several years in studious traveling over various parts of the world, visiting the chief places of note in America and Europe, thus broadening his faculties and adding to the knowledge acquired in school and college. Mrs. Julia Gildersleeve was the daughter of I. N. Rose, one of the pioneer steamboatmen of Canada, a man widely and favorably known throughout that country and the northern por- tion of the United States. His home was in the town of Morrisburg, Canada, at which place the mother of Mr. Gildersleeve was also born and reared. Arthur Macdonald Gildersleeve was born on December 10, 1819, and received his pre- liminary education in the public schools of his na- tive city. The training was supplemented by a full literary course in Upper Canada College, Toronto, from which he was graduated with a creditable record at the early age of eighteen. On quitting college, Mr. Gildersleeve entered the Merchant's Bank of Canada as a clerk, and after filling various positions to the satisfaction of his superiors for five years, he resigned and came to Rock Springs, Wyoming, as the assis- tant cashier of the First National Bank, remain- ing with the latter institution about the same length of time with which he served his former employers, and becoming widely acquainted with the leading business men of the city and the country. At the expiration of five years of faith- ful, conscientious service he tendered his resigna- tion for the purpose of filling some large tie con- tracts which he had secured from the Union Pacific Railroad, and since that time has devoted his attention largely to mining and stockraising. It is a compliment worthily bestowed to speak of Mr. Gildersleeve as one of the progressive } oung men of a city noted for the high order of its business talent. He has led an active life but has always found time to devote to the social duties and public claims which every com- munity expects of its citizens. He is affable and pleasant in his relations with others, strictly con- scientious in the performance of duty, and, to a decidedly marked degree, enjoys the respect of the people of his home city, regardless of class or condition. He has a very charming household in Rock Springs, Wyo., which is pre- sided over with gentle dignity by the ladv in every respect duly qualified to be his com- panion and helpmeet. Her maiden name was Florence Adele Clark, daughter of Dealton and Mary (Baker) Clark, and the ceremony which made her Mrs. Gildersleeve was solemnized on September 29, 1898. She is a faithful and de- voted Christian and an active member of the Episcopal church and she has been a factor in the religious work of the city ever since she took up her residence therein. They have two chil- dren, Dorothy and Arthur. GEORGE T. GUILD. A quiet, unassuming man, with methodical business methods and also a sagacious and suc- cessful merchant, with original and profitable methods of operation, George T. Guild of Pied- mont, Uinta county, Wyoming, who has served as treasurer of both the Guild Land and Live Stock Co. and of the Guild Mercantile Co., especially deserves something more than a passing notice at the hands of the reviewer. He was born in Lehi, Utah, on January 5, 1863. the son of Charles and Mary M. (Cardon) Guild. For details concerning the ancestral his- tory of Mr. Guild we would refer the reader to the sketch of Charles Guild, appearing- in an- other part of this volume. George T. Guild received his education in the excellent public schools of L T tah. and then engaged in active operations in connection with the industries of the Guild ranch. For the last thirteen years, however, his mercantile tastes and ambitions have led him to become identified with the oper- ations of the Guild Mercantile Co.. particularly devoting himself to the affairs of the Piedmont store. Under his administration the business has been wisely and judiciously conducted and has met with srratifvinq- success, he retainin<'- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 3^3 the confidence of the public and a commensu- rate share of its business patronage. Mr. Guild has loyally supported the principles and policies of the Republican party, with which he has been connected since attaining his majority. but has not cared to leave the legitimate fields of business to seek the uncertain rewards of the struggle for political honors for himself. On December 28, 1892, Air. Guild entered into matrimonial relations with Miss Annie Swart- fager, who was born in Canada in 1868, a daughter of H. L. Swartfager, her parents being natives of Canada and of German descent, and Mr. Swartfager, surviving his wife, is now liv- ing in the province of Ontario, Canada. Two children, George Leonard and Leslie T., con- stitute the family of Mr. and Mrs. Guild. A keen observer of affairs, an extensive reader, Mr. Guild keeps himself fully abreast of the times in knowledge, and very intelligently dis- charges all of his duties as a citizen. An able business man, a warm-hearted friend and com- panion, he has the friendship and esteem of a wide circle of friends. THOMAS HALL. One of the rising young cattlemen of Lara- mie county is Thomas Hall, whose address is Glendo, Wyoming. A native of Ireland, he was born on January 17, 1872, in County Galway, the son of Edward and Martha (Sale) Hall, na- tives of that country. His father followed the occupation of farming in Ireland and at the present writing he is still engaged in that calling in his native land. His mother passed away in 1888. and she lies at rest in County Galway, Thomas Hall grew to manhood in his native country and received his early academical train- ing in the public schools. After completing his education he remained with his parents assist- ing his father in the work of the place until he had arrived at the age of twenty-one years. He then determined to escape from the forbidding business conditions which prevailed in his na- tive country and to seek his fortune in America. He therefore, in company with other young men of the same age and ambition as himself, left his old home and his parents and set sail for the New World. Upon arriving in America he proceeded to Wyoming, where he visited his uncle, Patrick Hall, then residing on Horseshoe Creek, and secured employment at the latter's place for about one year. At the end of that time he located his present ranch, about three miles southwest of Glendo, on the Horseshoe Creek, Laramie county, and began to improve it as fast as his circumstances would permit. In the meantime, as his means were limited, he secured employment on cattle ranches in the vicinity during a portion of the time in each year until 1898, when he established his pre- manent home on his ranch, and has continued there ever since successfullv engaged in the cattle business. He has added to his acreage and is now the owner of about 400 acres of land, well fenced and improved, with about ninety acres under irrigation, having one of the best-equipped small cattle ranches in that sec- tion of the county. His industry and perse- verance are bearing fruit, as those sterling qual- ities of character always do, and he is making a success of his chosen occupation. He is a member of the Roman Catholic church and a highly respected citizen of the community where he resides. Politically, he is identified with the Democratic party and is a conscien- tious believer in the principles of that political organization, although never a candidate for public position. He prefers to give his entire time and attention to the care and management of his private business interests and his energy and ability are sure to win for him the success they deserve. Progressive, straighforward and faithful in the discharge of every duty as a neighbor and a citizen, he is held in high es- teem. W. F. HAMILTOX. The Hamilton family is an illustrious and an- cient one of England, Scotland and the north of Ireland, one authority telling us that it came from Normandy with AYilliam the Conqueror in 1066 and is recorded in the Doomsdav Book as re- 3 6 4 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. ceiving valuable apportionment of English land from that monarch. The first American resident of the immediate lineage of W. F. Hamilton, now of Douglas, Wyoming, was his Scotch-Irish paternal grandfather, who, settling in Allegheny county, Pa., manifested the thrifty and manly qualities characteristic of his race and developed a fine estate from the tangled wilderness of his purchase. His son, W. R. Hamilton, on attain- ing manhood, married in his native county one of its fair daughters, Miss Annie Hamilton, bear- ing the same name, but not related unless in a very remote degree, who was also of Scotch-Irish extraction. Thereafter the young wedded pair made their home in New Bethlehem, Pa., where Mr . Hamilton was long engaged in farming operations and in merchandising, in a quiet way taking an interest in public affairs, never seek- ing official station or accepting office. His oldest son, Samuel, gave patriotic service for his coun- try in the Civil War as a member of the One Hundred and Third Penna. Infantry, being taken prisoner at Roanoke, and being confined for twelve months in the prison pen of Libby, the deprivations there endured so debilitating him that he was ever afterward unfit for duty, re- ceiving an honorable discharge at the termina- tion of his second enlistment. W. F. Hamilton was the fifth child of his parents and passed his youth as country lads of his day were wont to do, gaining strength and development in the farm labors of the parental homestead in the summer and attending the creditable public schools dur- ing their winter sessions, supplementing the in- struction there received by two years attendance at a college in Scio, Ohio, after which he re- turned home and was in the employment of his father until 1876. At intervals his time there- after was given to pedagogic work, in which he was quite successful, until 1879, when, to try the effect on his failing health, he came to Cheyenne, Wyo., and engaged in sheep husbandry for a vear. His health improving under the salubrious air and the conditions here surrounding him, Mr. Hamilton removed to the vicinity of Fort Laramie, continuing there until 1886 when he came to the site of the healthful little city of Douglas and was one of the pioneer inhabitants, being one of the first to raise a tent within its borders. Here he has since made his home and the headquarters of extensive stock interests, demonstrating by many ways his business ability, his devotion to the public weal and other char- acteristics which entitle his classification to be in the ranks of the city's best citizenship, and he has given great satisfaction to the people, not only as a private citizen, but also in his official station as one of the city government. He was one of the promoters and originators of the Platte Valley Sheep Co., to which he sold his ranch and sheep interests near Orrin Junction in 1894, thence transferring his activities to an- other ranch on the La Prele Creek, twelve miles from Douglas, and here he has instituted many improvements and a large amount of irrigation, and usually runs about 10,000 sheep. Oil has been discovered on this property and at this writing development work is being done, the prospect being good for an extensive pool of petroleum. Mr. Hamilton was particularly for- tunate in his marriage. On October 24, 1883, he wedded with Miss M. M. Vincent, a daughter of the Rev. Dr. G. C. Vincent, a prominent min- ister of the United Presbyterian church and the founder of the college of that persuasion located at New Wilmington, near Newcastle, Pa., where Mrs. Hamilton was carefully edu- cated. Their children are Martha. Artie B., George R., James and William. In their hand- some home an air of cultured refinement pre- vails, and a rare hospitality is extended to the numerous friends. FRANK HARRISON, M. D. The life of a country physician is full of toil and hardship, but it has compensation in the reflection that it is also full of benefaction to the community which he serves and that no effort in behalf of suffering humanity is thrown away. Among the prominent and highly es- teemed physicians of Evanston, Wyoming, Dr. Frank Harrison is in the front rank. He was born in 1842 at Toronto, Canada, the son of PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 365 William and Mary (O'Connor) Harrison,' the former a native of England and the latter of Ireland. Both were brought by their parents to the New World in childhood, it being the desire to secure for them better opportunities than were afforded in their native land. The families settled at or near Toronto, where they prospered and reared their offspring. Doctor Harrison received his academic education at the public schools of his native country and be- gan his medical training at the Toronto Univer- sity. He continued it at St. Michael's Medical College in Toronto, and fully completed it with another two-years' course at Bellevue Hospital Medical College in New York City, and from which he was duly graduated on March 1, •1866. On March 1, 1865, he had ■ been ap- pointed a medical cadet in the service of the U. S. government, a class of officials which the government had created and to which under- graduates were admitted as assistant surgeons. His first assignment was on board the transport S. R. Spaulding, which conveyed sick and wounded soldiers to New Haven, Conn., where a military hospital was located. He remained at the hospital until November and the experi- ence he had there has been of invaluable serv- ice to him in his subsequent practice. Af- ter his graduation from Bellevue College he came to Denver, Colorado, at that time a city of not far from 4,000 inhabitants. He passed his first summer in the West in traveling and then came on to Cheyenne, following the rail- road in his professional work as far as Wasatch. He next went to the Sweetwater mines, there passed two years in the practice of his profession and then removed to Evans- ton, where he has been in an active medical practice for more than thirty years. At the first election held after his arrival the total poll of voters, men and women, numbered only 300. In politics Doctor Harrison is a Democrat and has been very active in the interest of the party. He has been honored with several places of re- sponsibility in public life, discharging the duties of all with fidelity, intelligence and zeal. In 1871 and 1872 he represented Sweetwater county in the Territorial Legislature, and from 1876 to 1880 was one of its county commissioners. In Uinta county he was probate judge for six years and county treasurer from 1884 to 1890, being also mayor of Evanston for three years. He is also a valued member of the Grand Army of the Republic, being very much esteemed as a leader in all of its meetings. On January 1, 1875, he was united in holy marriage with Miss Mary A. Creed, a daughter of James Creed, a native of Illinois, and whose father died in 1896 at Clinton, Iowa, and the mother, whose maiden name was Egan, is still living, her resi- dence being at Dixon, 111. Doctor and Mrs. Harrison have four children, James F., Mary, Helen and Fred W. Doctor Harrison ranks high in his profession as a physician and sur- geon, as a close student and as an intelligent practitioner. GEORGE P. HARVEY. Born and reared in the healthful and in- vigorating atmosphere of the farm, gaining from its abundant out-of-door exercise full physical development and strength of muscle and thus being well fitted for active operations in any field that gave him opportunity to en- gage therein, George P. Harvey brought to Wyoming from his Iowa home when a youth the qualifications for winning success in the in- dustry he has chosen as his life work, and is bringing to bear in his labors a vigor of body and a clearness of mind that are certain every- where to win success of a high order. While his childhood and youth were passed in Mont- gomery county, he was born in Muscatine,. Iowa, on May 19, 1867, the son of William H. and Agnes (McCulloch) Harvey. Something of his parents and their ancestors is given on other pages of -this work in connection with the re- view of the active career of his elder brother, Robert B. Harvey, to which we must refer the reader. Receiving a good common-school educa- tion in the schools of Iowa, at the age of seventeen years, in 1884, Mr. Harey came to Wyoming and to Fremont county, where 3 66 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMIXG. he rode on the range for the Carter Cat- tle Co. under the competent instruction and direction of his mother's brother, Peter McCul- loch, the capable superintendent of the com- pany's extensive operations. Three years were there passed, Mr. Harvey rapidly assimilating the practical knowledge there afforded, then, coming to Uinta county in 1887, he here con- tinued in the employ of the same firm in the same capacity until the Fort Bridger Indian Reservation was opened for settlement, when he took up a homestead, an integral portion of his present ranch of 240 acres, and here he has conducted stock operations of pronounced im- portance and developed one of the pleasant and valuable homes of the section, all of his land being under ditch, furnishing an ample supply of water for all his purposes. Two years of his time were given to merchandising at Mountain View and in June, 1902, he opened a store at Carter, where he is now conducting a lucrative business. Mr. Harvey has recently embarked in the culture and breeding of Bel- gian hares, having quite a stock of registered animals. He is one of the substantial cit- izens of the county and has manifested in good measure the sterling qualities of head and heart of the intelligent and thrifty Scottish race from which he descends. Every demand on his time in public matters or private business has been fully met, every emergency has found him ready, every duty of good citizenship has been prompt- ly and fully performed, and he stands well with his fellow men. He married with Miss Hettie Hendrie of Mountain View, on April 30, 1894. She is a daughter of William and Sarah (Oder- kirk) Hendrie, the father being a native of Ohio and the mother of Indiana. Their home circle is brightened by a winsome daughter, Dora H. ALLEN W. HAYGOOD. The state of Wyoming, one of the youngest in the Union, but also one of the most pros- perous, most progressive and promising, owes much to the men of enterprise, daring, and in- trepid spirit, who during recent years have come from the eastern and the southern states, estab- lishing here new industries and laying strong and deep the foundations of the commonwealth. One of the most prominent of these men, now enjoying the quiet evening of a well-spent life, is Allen W. Haygood, whose residence is near Granite Canon, Laramie county. His native state is Georgia, as he was born in Montgomery county, December 4, 1835, the son of Appleton and Mary R. (Lovelace) Haygood, natives of that state. His father was for many years one of the most prominent of the oldtime Methodist Episcopal ministers of the South, one of the old circuit riders of Georgia, the degree of Doctor of Divinity having been conferred upon him on account of his distinguished services to the cause of religion and education in the southern- states. In 1 841 he removed his residence to Alabama, where he established himself in Ma- con county, and remained there as the pastor of the Methodist church up to the time of his death, which occurred in 1865. He was a most devoted adherent of the Confederacy- during the Civil War, for several years being the alert quartermaster of the Seventeenth Alabama Regiment of the C. S. A. The mother passed away in 1857, and both father and mother were buried in Alabama. Allen W. Havgood grew to manhood and received his early education in the public schools of Alabama, attending for some time the graded school at Chunnynuggee. In 1856, having arrived at years of maturity, he left Alabama and went to Kansas, where he took up land and engaged in farming about six miles southeast of the site of Topeka, the cap- ital of the state. Here, in addition to his farm- ing enterprise, he also engaged in carrying the mails under contract with the U. S. govern- ment. He was among the very earliest of the settlers of that section of the state and saw the second house erected in Topeka. Some of the first letters that found their way from civiliza- tion to friends then living on the extreme wes- tern frontier, were carried by him during those years. In 1862 he disposed of his Topeka in- terests and going to Leavenworth, then one of the chief outfitting points for overland travel. PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 367 he provided himself with ox teams and the nec- essary outfit and started on the overland trip to Central City, Colorado. He made the trip in safety, traveling through a country which was very dangerous to travelers, owing to the depredations of hostile Indians, disposed of his goods at a handsome profit, and returned to Kansas. In the spring of 1863, he engaged in freighting from points on the Missouri River to the different military posts of the West. This business grew to large proportions, was very profitable and he remained in it until 1868, when having an opportunity to dispose of it at a large profit, he did so and, associating himself with other parties, he established an extensive agri- cultural implement business in the city of At- chison under the name of Dennison, Haygood & Co., subsequently by a change of partners it became Robbins, Haygood & Co. This busi- ness was continued with great success until 1 87 1, although Mr. Haygood was engaged in various other enterprises at the same time. In 1868, he accompanied one of his ox trains into the territory of Wyoming, which at that time had only a few white settlers and was the fa- vorite residence of the wild Indian and the buf- falo, and took up land where the U. P. rail- road station now stands at Granite Canon, Wyo. Here he was engaged for some time both in cattleraising, and in contracting on the Union Pacific Railroad, the pioneer railroad of the West, and in furnishing supplies and materials to the construction department of that road. In 1871 he returned to Atchison, and disposed of his interest in the agricultural implement house, returned to Wyoming and continued in his contracting and cattleraising operations. In this he was very successful and remained at his ranch near Granite Canon until 1880, when he sold out at that place and purchased his pres- ent ranch property on Lone Tree Creek, about twenty-three miles west of Cheyenne, where he has remained since, still being engaged in cat- tleraising. Pie has been largely interested in horses, at one time being one of the largest stockmen in the western country and the owner of several thousand head of both cattle and horses, but he was obliged to dispose of a part of his holdings and limit his operations, owing to a lack of range. He now controls about 1,600 acres of fine land, well fenced and im- proved, and has other property throughout the state. He still continues in the mail contract- ing, which occupied so much of his earlier life on the frontier in Kansas, and now controls the contract between Granite Canon, Wyo., and Vir- ginia Dale, Colo. On February 14, 1870, in the city of Atchison, Kansas, Mr. Haygood was united in matrimony with Miss Saphronia A. Bishop, a native of North Carolina and a daughter of John H. and Martha S. (Watson) Bishop, natives of that state. Her father was a merchant of Murfreesboro, N. C, and re- moved from that state to Kansas in 1856, set- tling in Tecumseh. He was there engaged in merchandising until 1862, when he moved to Atchison, continuing the same business there un- til 1873, then removing to Cheyenne, Wyo., where he was for many years actively engaged in trade, and where he and his wife are now (1902), carrying on a large millinery and supply business, occupying one of the first business houses erected there. To Mr. and Mrs. Hay- good eleven children have been born, eight of whom are living, namely : Henry R. ; Ada ; A. Wesley; Arthur L. ; Nora; Alzada ; Florence - ; Theodore. The deceased are Bertha, Walter and Mary. Mr. Haygood is affiliated with the Masonic order, being a member of Cheyenne Lodge. He was early "made a Mason" at Te- cumseh, Kan., in 1862, and in 1868, he took the Thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite in St. Joseph, Mo. He also belongs to the com- mandery of Knights Templar, No. 1, of Chey- enne, while Mrs. Haygood is a member of the Order of the Eastern Star of Cheyenne. Mr. Haygood has ever been identified with the Democratic party, and is prominent in its coun- cils, although never seeking honors at its hands. He has often been largely instrumental in as- sisting his friends to places of high distinction, but has always refused to become a candidate for any position, preferring to devote his time and attention to his extensive business inter- 3 68 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. ests. He is one of the most substantial busi- ness men and property owners of his section of the state, and is in the enjoyment of the high respect and esteem of the public. FERDINAND J. HEGGE. ' One of the progressive young cattlemen of Laramie county, Ferdinand J. Hegge, whose address is Glendo, Wyoming, is a native of Germany, born in the province of Holstein on April 5, 1864, the son of Julius and Caroline (Sivers) Hegge, natives of the Fatherland. His father is still following the occupation of farm- ing in the province of Holstein, and the mother passed from life in October, 1899, and is buried in the province of Holstein, where her son, Ferdinand, grew, to man's estate, and received his early education in the government schools. When he had attained the age of seventeen years he set forth for the New World and upon arriving in this country he located at Lincoln, Neb., and secured employment with an uncle near that place and remained there for about one year. He then came into Lincoln, where he accepted a position in a grocery and kept busy in that trade until 1884, then he, removed to the western part of Nebraska, where he se- cured employment on a large cattle ranch that he might acquire a practical knowledge of that business. In that connection he rode wild the ranges of Nebraska, Kansas, Colorado and the Indian Territory until 1889. He then gave up this occupation for the time being, and went east to Chicago, where he entered the employ of Christian Hauf in one of his large meat- markets in that city, and remaining there about two years, then coming to Wyoming to take charge of the cattle interests of his employer on Horseshoe Creek in Laramie county, and was one year the manager. In 1894 he resigned this position and secured a lease on a cattle ranch on Elkhorn Creek, where he carried on business for himself until 1896. Then relin- quishing his lease he took up his present ranch ranch on Elkhorn Creek, six miles northwest of Glendo, and has since been there occupied in successful cattleraising. He has added to his holdings, both of lands and stock, from year to year, and is now the owner of one of the finest ranches for the cattle industry in that sec- tion of the county. He has 640 acres of land, well improved, with good fences, and a large portion of it under irrigation, and is counted among the rising stockmen of that locality. On December 2, 1891, in Chicago, 111., Mr. Flegge was united in marriage with Miss Ella Avery, a native of Indiana and a daughter of Charles H. and Ruth (Weston) "Avery, the for- mer a native of New York and the latter of Indiana. Her father was long engaged in rail- roading in Indiana, being occupied in that pur- suit until his death in 1900. He was buried at Rossburg, Ind. Her mother now makes her home in the city of Newport, Ind. JOHN M. HENCH. Well may any man take pride in a worthy ancestry, and in keeping inviolate everything which exemplifies the sturdy and the honorable characteristics that rendered them of good re- pute and of value to the community, he indi- cates that he is a true scion of the ancestral stock, and will himself be found possessing a character distinct and clear in its individuality and showing the dignifying elements of gentle breeding. Mr. Hench is numbered in this cate- gorv and he has during his mature life been identified with affairs of importance and his career has ever been characterized by. upright- ness and integrity. He was born in Juniata county, Pa., on December 8, 1858, of a paternal ancestry for long generations connected with the maintenance of freedom in their native re- public of Switzerland, but domiciled in Pennsyl- vania from the Colonial days of that common- wealth, his parents. William and Jane (Mc- Laughlin) Hench, being natives of Juniata county, that beautiful and historic portion of their native state. The McLaughlins were of that resolute, independent Scotch-Irish stock which is ever noted for its intellectuality and brilliancy, the emigrant ancestor coming to / PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 369 America before the American Revolution, in which members of the family participated. William Hench was a man of more than or- dinary education and mental powers and was engaged in civil engineering and architectural construction from his early manhood until re- tiring from business a few years since, among other enterprises aiding in and supervising the construction of some of the largest bridges in the state. He was a large-hearted person, a great believer in education and interested in all public affairs, particularly those of a local na- ture and appertaining to Juniata county. Eight children comprised his family, of whom the eldest, Samuel H. Hench, became an em- inent citizen of Fort Wayne, Ind., where he was for eight years the prosecuting attorney of his county, a member of the legislature for two terms, chief of the law department in the state comptroller's office for four years, judge of the criminal courts for seven years, and judge of the Superior Court for the very long term of twenty-three years. After a graduation from the excellent schools of Fort Wayne, John M. Hench began the reading of law under the superior tutelage of his brother, continuing in diligent application to his study until 1885, dur- ing a portion of this time acting as bailiff in his brother's office, and then, after a creditable examination, being admitted to the bar of the state, thereafter coming west, where he trav- eled for two years, then located in Kansas, but the climate not agreeing with him, he returned to the East, some time thereafter locating in Dixon county, Neb., where he was in active and successful legal practice for over ten years, holding the position of county attorney for more than four years with conceded ability and highly gratifying success. In January, 1901, Mr. Hench removed to Wyoming, establishing his home and office in the thriving young city of Casper, where his professional abilities and skill promptly met with recognition, a large and valuable clientage has already attached itself to him and he is now engaged in the full activ- ities of a very extensive professional practice. In the qualities connected with citizenship of the highest type, Mr. Hench stands exponent in his daily life and in the estimation of the people of the county, who render a clue meed of praise to both his standing as a man and as an attorney, prosperity coming to him as a result of this estimation. In political circles his counsel and active c ervices are given to the Republican party, and in the fall of 1902 he was elected prosecuting attorney of Natrona county. Fraternally, he is numbered with the Knights of Pythias and the Modern Woodmen of America. On June 2, 1897, at Ponca, Neb., Mr. Hench and Miss Anna Rakow Avere mar- ried. She is the daughter of William Rakow of Dixon county, Neb., where she was born and where her father is a leader in agricultural and stockgrowing circles of the state. Their only child is Samuel M. Hench, a bright child of four years. C. F. JACKSON. A pioneer farmer's boy on the frontiers of two states, a soldier in the active service of his country during the Spanish-American War and now an enterprising and successful stockgrower and farmer, C. F. Jackson, of near Bighorn, has been tried by all phases of fortune and has not been seriously disturbed by any, exhibiting a readiness for every emergency, an adaptabil- ity to any condition, and a willingness to do the best he could under all circumstances. He was born in Page county, Iowa, on June 17, 1868, and while he was yet a child his parents, Hon. W. E. and Amanda (Davis) Jackson, re- moved from that state to Kansas. After a short residence there they returned to Iowa, in 1880 followed the march of progress west- ward, coming to Sheridan county, Wyo., where their son grew to manhood and was educated in the public schools. When the clarion call to arms sounded in consequence of Spanish ag- gressions, he promptly volunteered as a mem- ber of Colonel Torrey's Rough Riders, and served throughout the war, experiencing much hardship and privation and performing his full share of arduous and dangerous duty in the 37o PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMIXG. field. After the war he returned to Wyoming and resumed, on his fine farm of 320 acres, the peaceful pursuits of agriculture and stockrais- ing, which he had begun before the war cloud enveloped our land. He raises both cattle and horses, being very successful and progressive at the business. His place is well adapted by- location and conditions to the industry and he has made it as attractive by its improvements as it was by its natural features, equipping it with every convenience for its purposes and providing it with a very comfortable and tasteful residence, which is one of the hospitable homes of his section of the county. Mr. Jackson was married in Sheridan county, Wyo., on March 23, 1889, to Miss Ella L. Hayes, ■ a native of Missouri but for some years a resident of this state. They have four children, Pauline, Ed- ward, Charles and Jay L. T. Mr. Jackson is regarded as one of the enterprising and pro- gressive young cattlemen of the state, and has rapidly grown in public esteem as an upright, serviceable, broadminded and influential citi- zen, with years of usefulness before him in many lines of activity, local and general, and future distinctions awaiting him if he should care to have them. In politics he is a Repub- lican. ORSON GRIMMETT. Having lived almost his entire life far out on the frontier, and having crossed the plains four times when the trip was full of hazard and hard- ship, Orson Grimmett, one of the leading cit- izens of Lander, Wyoming, is very essentially a pioneer and path-blazer for the advance of civ- ilization. He was born in Birmingham, Eng- land, on March 5, 1850. a son of John and Sarah (Passey) Grimmett, also natives of England. The father was a ship carpenter who did an ex- tensive business in his line and in 1855 brought his family to the United States, following the banner of his religious faith into the western wilds, and locating in Utah. He was an ardent believer in the doctrine of the Reorganized Church of the Latter Day Saints, holding a very prominent place in its councils. In this coun- try, far from any need for his services in his ac- customed handicraft, he pursued the quiet and independent life of a farmer and stockraiser, for a while in Utah, then in Missouri, and later in Idaho, where he died in 1897, aged seventy years, his wife dying in 1881 at the same piacc. The fourth of their eight children, Orson Grim- mett, was educated in the public schools of the various places where the family happened to be living during his school age and when he was ready for the active pursuits of life he engaged 'in mining in Utah, following that precarious, but stimulating occupation for seven years, then quitting it for the more promising and congenial field of stockraising, which he conducted in Idaho until 1878 and has since been actively en- gaged in near Lander, on his excellent ranch of 440 acres on Squaw Creek, which is mostly good farming land. He has also a considerable body of leased land, all well improved for its pur- poses and in a high state of cultivation so far as is desired. He raises fine grades of horses and cattle, the products of his ranches having a high rank in the market. He also owns val- uable property in the city of Lander, including a profitable livery barn and a desirable residence on Main street, besides extensive interests in oil lands, the Garfield gold mine at South Pass and other mineral lands in various places. In pub- lic life he has had a creditable career, hav- ing been deputy sheriff, city marshal and sheriff of the county from 1885 to 1887 and again from 1889 to 1 89 1. In 1887 he was nominated for a second consecutive term, and although the tide was strong against his party, he was beaten by onlv seven votes. At the expiration of his second term he retired to private life and has since giv- en his undivided attention to his business. He is a member of Lander Lodge. No. 10. Knights of Pythias, and of the uniform rank of the or- der, also belonging to White Mountain Lodge, No. 624. B. P. O. E., at Rock Springs. On No- vember 27. 1876. he was united in marriage with Miss Ella Barnaby, of Idaho, a native of Kan- sas, a daughter of Robert and Jane Barnaby, the former a Kentuckian by birth, and the latter a native of Ireland. They have had two chil- dren. Orson, who died in infancy, and Albion A., who is married and a resident of Lander. ■ QjU^Ji^ ^^n^^^^^^LoC> ii PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 37i TRUMAN B. HICKS. One of the leading bankers and business men of the state of Wyoming, Truman B. Hicks, who for nearly twenty years has been the president of the First National Bank of Cheyenne, is a native of New York, where he was born at Caldwell, Warren county, on Sep- tember 25, 1844, a son of Westel W. and Cor- delia C. (Ketchum) Hicks, natives of the Em- pire State. His father was a merchant of Caldwell and a prominent citizen of that com- munity. Young Hicks grew to manhood in the state of New York, and attended the public schools of Caldwell until he had attained to the age of thirteen years. He entered the Lansley Commercial College, at Rutland, Vt., at twenty years of age and pursued a thorough course of business training at that institution, being grad- uated that year. He was later employed for a short time as a bookkeeper in his father's mercantile establishment, and then he was ten- dered a position as bookkeeper in the Second National Bank of Galesburg", 111., and came west for the purpose of looking into the mat- ter. Concluding to accept this position he re- mained there for about three years, then re- signing to become cashier of the First National Bank of Kewaunee, 111. He subsequently re- signed this place and removed to Chicago, where he accepted a position in the Third Na- tional Bank of that city. He remained in that bank five years and during the last year he was its assistant cashier, and earned a wide rep- utation as a successful banker. In 1878, he ac- cepted the position of assistant cashier of the First National Bank of Cheyenne, Wyoming, and established his home in the city of Chey- enne, where he has resided since that time. In 1885 he was elected as president of the bank, a position which he has since held continuously, and in which he has shown himself to be one of the leading bankers and financial men of the western country. For many years he has been a prominent factor in the banking and business life of the territory and. state of Wyoming, hav- ing had much to do with building up her in- 23 dustries, developing her resources and laying upon a safe and conservative basis the com- mercial foundations of the commonwealth. No man has done more to promote and advance the business interests of Wyoming or to attract the attention of outside capital to the great re- sources of mine, forest and field. He is largely interested in the live stock business and for many years was president of the Converse Cat- tle Co., one of the largest owners of cattle in the West. He was president of the Business Men's Association of the city of Cheyenne, be- ing a public spirited citizen who takes active interest in the welfare of the city in which he maintains his home. For twelve .years he has served as a member of the school board of Cheyenne, and has given no little of his time to the service of the public without any com- pensation, or any expectation of reward, except the consciousness of having well performed his duty as a member of society. During his long residence in Wyoming he has been often so- licited by his friends and party associates to permit the use of his name for public position of honor and trust, but has invariably declined to do so, preferring to devote his time and at- tention to his extensive business interests. His- prominence and standing with the people of his state are such that he might appropriately aspire to any position within the gift of the people, if he so desired. He has entertained the opinion that he could be of greater service to the community and to his fellow men in a pri- vate station than in any public position, and his progressive and public spirited course for so many years has seemed to justify his judg- ment. Certainly the power which he has wielded for the advancement of the best in- terests of the community at the head of his banking house, has been much greater than that of any public official. While a resident of Galesburg, 111., on September 15, 1868, Mr. Hicks was united in marriage to Miss Augusta M. Beers, a daughter of Stephen D. and Ann Eliza Beers, well-known residents of that city. To them were born two children, Francis A., who died in 1894, and Anna C, now Mrs. 372 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. Ledru J. Brackett, who resides at West Rox- bury, Mass. Mrs. Hicks died in 1884 an d in 1886 Mr. Hicks was again married, his second wife being Mrs. Clarence W. Converse, the widow of Amasa R. Converse. She also passed away, dying in September, 1899. Fraternally, Mr. Hicks is affiliated with the Masonic order, and is one of the foremost Masons of the United States. Few men are more advanced in the work of great fraternity or are held in high- er esteem by the members throughout the country. "Made a mason" at Galesburg, III., in 1866, the chapter and Knight Templar de- grees were conferred upon him after he had re- moved his residence to Cheyenne. He has served as right eminent commander of Wyo- ming Commandery No. 1, for two terms, and subsequently he was elected as right eminent grand commander of the Grand Commandery of Wyoming, serving in that position for two terms. In 1896, he took the Scottish Rite and Thirty-second degree in Wyoming, and in 1899 he was made a Thirty-third degree Mason at Washington, D. C. In 1901, he was appointed deputy inspector general of Wyoming, and is now the treasurer of the four Scottish Rite bodies composing Wyoming Commandery No. 1. The work which he has done to advance the cause of Masonry in the West has been of high value to the order and has met with due appreciation. Progressive and yet conservative as a banker and business man, an able leader in commercial enterprises, a promoter of large business enterprises and a safe adviser to his friends and associates, he is decidedly one of the foremost men of his state. HARRY E. HODGIN. It is with a high degree of satisfaction that the biographer takes up the life story of the gentleman whose name forms the caption of of this article, a man widely known as one of the honored citizens of Laramie county, Wyoming, and who, though comparatively young, has be- come prominently identified with the varied in- terests of the part of the state in which he lives. His well directed management of im- portant business interests and his sound judg- ment and keen discrimination have brought a large measure of prosperity and his career demonstrates what may be accomplished by a man possessing the ability to take advantages of opportunities. In all relations of life he commands the confidences of those with whom he has been brought in contact and this volume, devoted to Wyoming's representative men of affairs would be incomplete without a record of his life and achievements. Harry E. Hodgin, farmer and stockraiser, was born on November 30, 1874, in Warren county, Iowa. His par- ents, David and Sarah (Hiatt) Hodgin were natives of Indiana and early settlers of Iowa. Moving to Warren county when that part of the state was a new and comparatively undevel- oped country, David Hodgin has passed all of his life as a blacksmith and farmer, and still pursues those vocations in the above county, where his good wife is also living. The direct subject of this review was reared on the Iowa farm and his early life was marked by no special incident worthy of note. He grew up to fill the requirement of earning his daily bread by honest toil, and as long as he remained at home contributed his share to the support of the family. His educational training embraced the common school course, but in subsequent life he has acquired in the school of experience a practical knowledge of business affairs such as colleges and universities often fail to impart. When old enough he assumed the responsibility of the farm's management in order that his father might work in the shop and in this way assisted his parents until he was twenty-two years of age. In 1895 he came to Wyoming, settling on the Wheatland Flats, about four and one-half miles west of the city of Wheatland, in Lar- amie county, where he took up land and turned his attention to stockraising and agricultural pursuits. By persevering industry he has re- duced his place to a successful state of tillage and, by adding substantial improvements from time to time, he made it one of the finest ranches in this part of the state. As a farmer PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 373 Mr. Hodgin takes leading rank and he has also earned distinctive prestige as a raiser of cattle and horses, having a fine herd of the former and more than a sufficient number of the lat- ter for practical purposes. He has steadily ad- vanced from a modest beginning, and his ca- reer, since locating on his present farm, pre- sents a series of successes which bear evidence of his sound judgment and practical wisdom in business affairs. On October 27, 1897, Mr. Hodgin and Miss Hattie L. Argesheimer, of Pennsylvania were united in marriage in the city of Cheyenne. Mrs. Hodgin being a daugh- ter of John and Harriet (Wallace) Argesheimer, natives of Germany and Pennsylvania respect- ively. These parents moved from Pennsylvania to Missouri, thence in 1872 to Wyoming, set- tling first at Fort Laramie, where for some years Mr. Argesheimer was chief musician of the Third U. S. Cavalry stationed at that post. In 1879 he was transferred to Fort Russell and later accompanied his company to 1 Arizona, where his death occurred in 1884. Mrs. Arges- heimer now makes her home in Cheyenne. Po- litically, Mr. Hodgin is a pronounced Democrat but has never taken a very active part in po- litical or public affairs. His religious faith is represented by the Presbyterian church, of which body his wife is a consistent member. She has been her husband's valued assistant in business matters and is a woman of beautiful Christian character, possessing much more than ordinary mentality. Her life has been de- voted to good works and all who have the pleasure of her acquaintance are profuse in their praise of her many amiable qualities and sterling virtues'. She moves in the best social circles of the community and lends her influ- ence as well as material assistance to all worthy benevolence and is an active worker in the re- ligious congregation to which she belongs: HON. W. H. HOLLIDAY. The ofttold tale of pioneer life in the great Northwest of the United States, replete with thrilling: dramatic features, rugged with out- lines of hardship and danger, rich in tints of poetry and romance, and filled with alternate hope and fear, never loses its interest in the narration or grows stale on the fancy. Well may we challenge the history of all the past and invoke the heroism of all peoples and periods to match the daring, equal the achieve- ments, reach the height of endeavor or surpass the volume of good recorded to the credit of the army of axmen and trailblazers who opened the way for the march of civilization in this western world and for transforming a wilder- ness into a garden of the gods, laughing, clap- ping its hands and bringing forth in sponta- neous abundance everything brilliant, fragrant and nourishing. All honor to the pioneers in every section ! Whatever future generations may accomplish or create, they wrought nobly in their day and left a priceless heritage of ben- efaction, enduring pain and privation that others might enjoy peace and plenty, sowing in toil and tears that others might reap in glad- ness and smiles. One of this number whose invading footsteps were among the first in his section, and whose achievements are among the most substantial on business lines, through civic interests and in social circles, is Hon. W. H. Holliday of Laramie, who has been a leader of men, a creator of commercial industries and an impelling force in every relation of life. He was born on May 21, 1843, in Hamilton county, Ohio, a son of Eli and Mary Annetta (Bogart) Holliday, the former also a native of Hamilton county, Ohio, and the latter of Long Island, N. Y. The father was a prosperous farmer in his native county and in 1852 made a trip to California, going by boat to Council Bluffs, Iowa, and from there across the plains and mountains by teams to what was then the land of promise to all quarters of the globe. In 1855 he returned to his home by the Panama route and in 1858 removed to Douglas county, 111., later making his home in Jackson county of that state. In 1868 he made a visit to his son in Wyoming and while there prospected in Douglas Creek, now in the Keystone mining district, being among the first to become inter- 374 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. ested in mining there and the first recorder of the district. He died on November 22, 1868, near Sherman, Wyo., and two years later his family became residents of the territory. He was a gentleman of influence in business and social circles during his life and enjoyed the esteem of all who knew him. His father, John Holliday, in 18 10 took his family down the Ohio River by flatboat from Western Pennsylvania, whither he had moved from his native state, New Jersey, and settled about ten miles west of Cincinnati, which at that time was more gen- erally known as Fort Washington. It was on the far frontier, this family being among the early emigrants to the state. His wife, nee Mary Lynn, was born in Ireland in 1772, being a woman of heroic spirit, fit companion for a hardy pioneer in a most trying period of the history of the Middle West. William H. Hol- liday inherited from his parents the sterling qualities of character which have marked his long and successful career, these were devel- oped and trained by the exigencies of frontier life, and thus fitted by nature and training for vast undertakings, it was to be expected that he would build up, wherever he might locate, en- terprises of magnitude and importance. Con- ditions in the vast uncultivated domain of Da- kota, from which four or five mighty states have since been carved, were favorable for a master- mind, and Mr. Holliday was the man for their proper concentration and development. His education in the schools had been limited, but he had a goodly store of the worldly wisdom gained only from experience. Thus equipped for the contest, in 1865, when he was but twen- ty-two he boldly challenged fate into the lists against him and making his way to Denver overland with a freighting outfit he entered up- on active duty according to its call and worked away cheerfully in that region until 1867, when he came to Wyoming with a sawmill outfit, and soon after it was installed in the mountains near Sherman to manufacture lumber with which to build Fort Russell and carry on construction work along the line of the Union Pacific Rail- road. He remained in the sawmill business, managing mills for contractors, and for himself in contract work until 1870, and then, in com- pany with his brother Jethro T. Holliday and William R. Williams, he purchased an entire outfit and began independent operations on a scale of magnitude. From 'its inception this firm prospered and had orders for lumber often beyond their utmost capacity. A large portion of what was used in building Greeley, Colo., in its early days was here furnished by them, and all the surrounding country laid their facilities un- der tribute. In 1872 Mr. Williams retired from the firm and a year later Mr. Holliday pur- chased his brother's interest and, leaving the mills to the care of others, he took up his res- idence at Laramie to manage a lumber yard that they had previously established there and to look after the general interests of a business which was rapidly expanding. Since then his many commercial and industrial enterprises have grown to almost gigantic proportions through the skill of his management and the wealth of his resources in capacity, adaptability and tire- less energy. To lumber he added contracting and building, later furniture, to furniture hard- ware, and to hardware groceries and other lines of merchandise, also including farm implements, wagons, harness, machinery, etc., until it was deemed best to incorporate the business to give it proper breadth, firmness of foundation and flexibility of function. Accordingly in 1886 The W. H. Holliday Co., was formed with a paid-up capital stock of $250,000, and this corporation absorbed all the lines of mercantile enterprise with which Mr. Holliday was previously con- nected, including business properties valued at more than $100,000 and a number of dwellings in different parts of Laramie. In addition to its mercantile features, the company carries on a general contracting and building industry and has erected many of the finest business blocks and residences in the city. This immense com- mercial enterprise stands as an impressive mon- ument to the progressive and resourceful spirit of its founder and principal conductor, for while Mr. Holliday has had intelligent and cap- able partners and most valuable assistants in PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 375 his wofk, he has been and is the presiding genius, the real lord of the heritage. The main store building of the company is a three-story and basement block, 72x132 feet in dimensions, constructed of stone and brick at a cost of $30,- 000. The carriage and implement repository is 96x112 feet in size and two stories high; while the lumber yard, planing mill, etc., cover an entire city block of ground. From its or- ganization Mr. Holliday has been the president and managing head of the corporation, and to him must be attributed the remarkable expan- sion and continued success of its business. It is conceded that he is one of the most capable, far-seeing and prudent business men of the state, with a large sweep of vision, a knowledge of details and conditions and a readiness in re- sources that are not surpassed anywhere. Yet, although his commercial interests are enor- mous and exacting, they have not lessened his zeal or stayed his hand in behalf of the civil affairs of his community and the. proper ele- ments of public improvement and advancement. In politics he is an unwavering Democrat, loyal to his party, throug-h firm convictions of the wisdom of its policies and the correctness of its principles, and devoted to its welfare as the best guaranty of governmental good. Acting on such convictions, he has not hesitated to give to its counsels his best attention and to its service his best energies,. and has thus been as closely identified with the political history of the state as with its fiscal and industrial de- velopment. He was a member of the Terri- torial Legislature for ten years, of the lower house in 1873, and of the upper from 1875 to 1879, an d again in 1884, serving as president of the body in the last term. At an election held in 1880 he and his opponent had an equal number of votes. In 1884 he was nominated for Congress, but was unable to overcome the large Republican majority in the territory. In 1888 he was again elected to the legislature, and in 1892 was chosen to the State Senate for a term of four years. He afterwards resigned the senatorship for the purpose of accepting his party's nomination for the position of govern- or in 1894. Again the adverse majority was too great for him to overcome, although he ran far ahead of his ticket. In 1887 he was ap- pointed to represent Wyoming at a convention held at Philadelphia to provide for celebrating the centennial of the adoption of the Constitu- tion of the United States, and in 1890 was chosen by a meeting of public spirited citizens at Cheyenne as one of a committee of two, Judge Samuel T. Corn being the other member, to go to Washington and assist Hon. J. M. Carey, the territorial delegate in Congress, to secure the admission of Wyoming into the Union as a state. From 1896 to 1900 he was a member of the National Democratic Com- mittee, and in 1896 did very effective work in the campaign which carried the state for a national Democratic ticket for the first time in its history. He has been for years a con- spicuous figure at all the conventions of his party, always aiding in guiding their delibera- tions and frequently presiding over them, being chosen with enthusiasm as president of the first Democratic state convention after the ter- ritory had donned her robes of statehood. All local interests, without regard to party have had his earnest and helpful attention. From 1876 to 1878 he was a county commissioner and the president of the board. For a long time he was on the Laramie school board and for a number of years was its treasurer. He was also appointed by Governor Warren as a mem- ber of the first board of trustees of the Wyo- ming University. On May 5, 1865, at Fort Scott, Kan., Mr. Holliday was united in mar- riage with Miss Emily R. Coykendall, a native of Wisconsin and a daughter of Orson and Maria (Hanchett) Coykendall. Her father was a native of New York who removed from that state to Ohio and afterwards to Wisconsin, Michigan, Illinois and last to Kansas, where he died in 1893. Mrs. Holliday was born in 1849 and died in 1887. She was the mother of eleven children, of whom seven are living: Catherine F., married to Russell Butler, who is employed in one of the Laramie banks ; Guy R. and Al- bert E., who have immediate charge of the 57< PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. hardware department of the Holliday company's business ; Lois A., married to Edward E. Fitch, chief accountant of the Holliday company ; Elizabeth C, married to Harry George, a news- paper man of Laramie; Ruth, a student at the Wyoming State University, and Margaret, at- tending the schools in Laramie. Mr. Holliday's second marriage occurred on February 20, 1897, when Miss Sarah E. East, a native of New Bed- ford, Ind., became his wife. She had been a teacher in the public schools of Wyoming for several years and they have two children, Mary Ethel and Helen. The life of Mr. Holliday has been full of activity, industry and usefulness to his kind. It has been conducted along lines of lofty rectitude, with a broad view and a consid- erate regard for the welfare, the rights and the enduring good of his fellow men and has been so ordered that his sterling worth and unswerv- ing fidelity to every duty have endeared him to all classes of the people, as well as bringing him an immense measure of success in business, a high standing in public esteem and approba- tion and a sure place in the affectionate regard of all who have experienced the inspiration of his presence or the bounty of his liberal nature. CHARLES W. HORR. Whether the causes of success in life em- anate from essential elements in the individual or are quickened by extraneous circumstances and influences it is difficult to determine with exactitude, but there can be naught but praise for the man who attains success by worthy means, commanding confidence and esteem by his integrity of character and honest endeavor. Such an individual is Mr. Horr, who merits place in this compilation as a successful rancher and stockraiser and as an honored citizen of Converse county, Wyoming. Charles W. Horr was born near Parkersburg, Butler county, Iowa, on May 28, 1864, the son of Recellus R. and Alena (Townsend) Horr. The grand- father Horr was of old New England stock and moved from Massachusetts to New York, where his son Recellus was born in the town of Denmark, Lewis county. The mother's Townsend ancestors migrated from Pennsylva- nia to Ohio in very early days, being among the first settlers of the state and her grand- father, Nathan Townsend, of English lineage, who was born in Pennsylvania, married in Ohio and there passed his days, holding conspicuous positions of public trust. Recellus R. Horr early went to Iowa and in 1859 there joined an expedition fitted out for a journey to Pikes Peak, later returning to Iowa, where he made his home, a pioneer settler. He was distinct- ively an active public citizen and worked hard for the election of Abraham Lincoln as pres- ident, voting for him and all candidates on the Republican ticket. His patriotism would have made him a soldier in the Civil War, but de- fective teeth caused his rejection. He died from an accident at the age of sixty-four years. Charles W. Horr was the eldest of the five chil- dren of the family and after his school life in Iowa was ended he came to Colorado and for a year was engaged in ranching on the Cache la Poudre River, thereafter, in March, 1883, coming to Wyoming, and entering the employ of J. H. Kennedy on the La Prele, remaining in that connection as a rangerider for six years, when, on February 20, 1889, he took unto him- self a wife, marrying Miss Uree D. Adamson^ a native of Iowa, whose father, Samuel Adam- son, was engaged in agricultural operations in that state. Immediately after his marriage, Mr. Horr purchased the relinquishments of a settler on his present home ranch, homesteaded it and engaged in stockraising on his own re- sponsibility. His location is a pleasant one on the La Prele River, 18 miles southwest of Douglas and now comprising 900 acres of deeded land, in addition to which he controls 960 acres of leased land. The home ranch is almost entirely under effective irrigation aivl producing alfalfa and hay in abundance, while a comfortable residence, with substantial barns. sheds, corrals, etc., combine to make the prop- erty a model one for the purpose of carrying out the special branch of industry in which Mr. Horr is engaged, the raising of fine cattle of a PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 377 superior quality, Herefords being his favorite breed and his herd showing some thorough- breds. With his surroundings and the pros- pects of cumulative success attending his care- ful and intelligent efforts, Mr. Horr can justly feel that "his lines are cast in pleasant places." He is a pronounced Republican in his political relations, belongs to the fraternal order of the Woodmen of the World, has held the office of school trustee for years, his family comprises three children, Bessie, Stewart and Ruth, and he is held in high esteem as a successful rancher, a courteous neighbor and friend and a valuable citizen. JOHN HUNTON. No better eulogium can be pronounced up- on a community or upon its individual members than to point out the work they have accom- plished. Theories look fine on the printed page and sound well when proclaimed from the plat- form, but in the end it is effort in the various lines of industrial activity which proclaims the man and benefits the world. This is essentially a utilitarian age and the man of action is every- where and very much in evidence. Such a man is John Hunton, the subject of this review, and as such it is both pleasant and profitable to con- template briefly his career and character. In- timately associated for many years with the business interests and industrial development of Laramie county and taking an active part in its public affairs, he has not been underes- timated by the people, who have learned to ap- preciate his true value as a potential factor with the body politic. It is well for any man if he can trace his family history to a substantial and creditable ancestry. In this respect John Hun- ton is peculiarly fortunate. He comes of two old and highly esteemed Virginia families, trac- ing his lineage in unbroken succession back to the sixteenth century on the father's side and to the early' part of the seventeenth century on the side of the mother. The Huntons are English and the family has been prominent in the public affairs of Virginia from Colonial times to the present day. Not only does the name occupy a conspicuous place in local an- nals, but a number of the Huntons appear to have achieved a state reputation by reason of distinguished service in various avenues of pub- lic life. Alexander Hunton, "father of John Hunton, was born and reared in Madison coun- ty and attained to high standing as a citizen. He spent all of his life in his native county and lived to be quite old, dying in February, 1898, at the age of eighty-six. Elizabeth Carpenter, wife of Alexander Hunton and mother of the one of whom we are now writing, was a native of the same county and state in which her hus- band was born, and survived him but a few months, departing this life in August, 1898. She was also eighty-six years old at her death, and, as already indicated, belonged to one of the oldest families in the county of Madison, being descended- from German ancestors. John Hunton is a native of Madison county, Va., and dates his birth on January 18, 1839. Like the majority of country lads he grew up familiar with the various details of farm labor and in the schools of his neighborhood acquired a good practical education. Nothing occurred to break the even tenor of his life until the na- tional atmosphere became murky with the ap- proaching clouds of Civil War, when he joined a local militia company which was ordered to Harper's Ferry during the celebrated attack on that post by John Brown. When the great struggle finally broke out he espoused the cause of the South, enlisting in Co. A, Seventh Virginia Infantry, with which he shared the for- tunes and vicissitudes of war until the Con- federacy went down at Appomattox. During his military experience Mr. Hunton took part in some of the most noted campaigns that marked that troublous period, participating in a number of the bloodiest battles of the war, in all of which his conduct was all that could be expected of a brave and gallant soldier. Among the more notable actions was that of Gettys- burg, where his regiment formed part of Pick- ett's Division, and it fell to him to follow that brave and chivalrous leader in one of the most gallant and fearless assaults in the annals of 378 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. warfare. At the close of the war Mr. Hunton went west, stopping first in Missouri, thence a little later going to Nebraska. For about one year he was engaged in freighting across the plains and in the spring of 1867 arrived at Fort Laramie, Wyo., where during the ensuing four years he held the position of clerk of the post- trader. In 1871 he severed his connection with the fort and turned his attention to cattleraising at Bordeaux, on the Chugwater, where he had charge of a road ranch for about seventeen years, meeting with encouraging success the meanwhile. In August, 1888, he was appointed posttrader at Fort Laramie, and held that posi- tion until the fort was disbanded in 1890, when he purchased its various buildings from ' the government and engaged in general merchan* dising. He has remodeled several of the build- ings, and now uses for a residence a house for- merly occupied by one of the officers of the post, having converted the structure into a fine modern dwelling and supplied it with many of the comforts and conveniences of life. In addition to his local business he is engaged in cattleraising, owning a valuable ranch about ten miles west of his place of residence, which is well stocked and under his personal care. He also holds the office of U. S. commissioner for this district, and in connection with its duties and his enterprises already mentioned does quite a business. Being one of the oldest settlers in the vicinity of Fort Laramie, he is familiar with every part of Laramie county and is con- sidered an authority on all matters relating to its lands. He is consulted by parties desiring to locate in this section of the country and his advice and counsel have been of especial value in assisting homeseekers and those who come west for the purpose of engaging in cattlerais- ing and other lines of industry. Mr. Hunton was married in his native county and state on October 5, 1881, to Miss Blanche Taylor, a daughter of. John W. and Mary (Crawford) Taylor of Virginia. Like his own family his wife's people are also highly connected, having long been closely identified with the history of Madison county. Mrs. Hunton is of Irish de- scent and traces her lineage back to an early period in this country, and still more remotely to the beautiful Emerald Isle, from whence the family originally came. She is a lady of varied culture, a member of the Episcopal church and of the Daughters of American Revolution, and has faithfully cooperated with her husband in his various business enterprises. Mr. Hunton is a Freemason of high standing, having taken a number of degrees, including those of chapter and commandery. He is one of the most affa- ble and genial of men and his popularity is bounded only by the limits Of his acquaintance. Hospitable and generous, he is a typical west- ern man of the best class, and his influence has long been felt for good in the community where he lives. He is an extensive reader, a close observer and a deep thinker, and it is not too much to say that there are few as intelligent and well-informed men in the West. This state- ment is made advisedly, in view of the fact that he has one of the the largest and most care- fully selected private libraries in the state. When not otherwise engaged he spends his time among his beloved books, where, shut in from the world, he holds converse with the greatest and the wisest minds of all times and countries through the medium of their writings. He also keeps himself well posted on current events and upon the great questions and issues of the day he has decided opinions, which he expresses freely when occasion requires, al- though by no means of a contentious nature. He always has the "courage of his convictions" and, like men of his intelligence and strong per- sonality, is in a large measure a director of thought and a molder of public opinion. Few men in the county are as widely and favorably known and none stand higher in the confidence of their fellow citizens or have shown them- selves more worthy of the esteem in which they are held. In closing this sketch it is proper to state that no man in Wyoming is as well ac- quainted with the early history of Fort Lara- mie and its vicinity as is Mr. Hunton. This most famous of western posts forms an inter- esting part of the history of Montana 'and of PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 379 all this section of the Rocky Mountain region, and for many years it figured prominently in the annals of the nation. Mr. Hunton was a con- spicuous figure during the clays of its prosper- ity, witnessed with regret its abandonment, be- ing now the only one left to weave the thread of personal incident into the woof of its long and interesting history. CHARLES W. JOHNSON. The subject of this sketch is a native of Sweden, born in that country on March 20, 1874, the son of Peter A. and Sophia P. (Lar- son) Johnson, also natives of Sweden, where the father followed the occupation of farming until 1880, when, thinking to improve his condition in the New World beyond the sea, he left his old home in Sweden and came with his family to America. Here he first settled in Saunders county, Nebraska, where he engaged in farming and stockraising, which he continued until 1886, when he disposed of his property and removed his residence to Wyoming, where he took up land about two miles south of Pine Bluffs and immediately again entered into the raising of cattle. This he followed with considerable suc- cess until 1900, when he sold his cattle and other ranch property and removed to Pine Bluffs, and engaged in the livery business, in •which he has continued down to the present writing (1902). Charles W. Johnson attended the Nebraska schools and also those in the vi- cinity of Pine Bluffs, but at the age of twelve years he left school and secured employment in a store in Pine Bluffs, that he might acquire a knowledge of merchandising. Here he re- mained for about six months and then engaged himself on a ranch in the 'vicinity, where he remained up to 1890, when he was offered and accepted a position in the store of Mr. F. M. Peterson at Pine Bluffs, and was connected there with the merchandising business for five years. During this employment he studied te- legraphy during odd times, and in 1896, he se- cured a position as telegrapher at Archer, Wyo. Subsequently he was an operator at different points on the line of the Union Pacific in Wyoming, among other places having a posi- tion at Pine Bluffs. In the fall of 1897 he re- signed his position with the railroad company and accepted an offer to become the manager of the store of Mr. C. J. Gross at Grover City, Colo. He remained here, doing a general mer- chandising business, for about eight months, at the end of that time resigning this position for the purpose of engaging in business for himself at the city of Pine Bluffs, where he purchased his present store building and immediately put in a large stock of merchandise and embarked in merchandising. Shortly after this he received an appointment as postmaster of Pine Bluffs, a position which he has held since that time, being a successful, progressive and promising young business man, destined to become one of the prominent factors in the commercial and political life of that section of the state. In- dustrious, ambitious, with keen business ability and foresight, he is rapidly coming to the front as one of the leading business men of the county. On March 14, 1900, Mr. Johnson was united in marriage at Pine Bluffs to Miss Al- bertina L. Bloom, a native of Iowa, and a daughter of Carl M. and Christiana Bloom, na- tives of Sweden. Her parents are now living at Pine Bluffs, Wyo. Politically Mr. Johnson is a staunch member of the Republican party, one of the active leaders of the party in Lara- mie county. No one is more trusted in the party, and he is ever in the front ranks in the advocacy of every measure calculated to pro- mote its interests. Many positions of trust and honor have been tendered him during his resi- dence in Pine Bluffs, but he has usually de- clined to consider them, but he consented to become a member of the board of school trus- tees, is now serving in that capacity and is the treasurer of the board. He is also a notary public and he finds the latter position of con- siderable convenience. Mr. Johnson is an ex- cellent type of the self-made young business man, who has raised himself by his own efforts to a position of prominence and influence and his marked abilities will continue to be shown. 3 '8o PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. MART R. JOHNSTON. In making a brief record of the useful and successful career of the accomplished and skill- ful superintendent of the Wyoming Develop- ment Co., the largest and most important irri- gating enterprise in the state, which owes much of its success and growth to his efficiency and clearness of vision, the annalist cannot fail to note in his makeup qualities of natural endow- ment far more valuable to the man of practical affairs than the lessons of the schools. He was born at Dayton, Ohio, on November 17, 1857, the scion of old Irish families, whose names are glorious in the civil and military history of the Emerald Isle, from which land his grandfather came to the United States and settled in Mont- gomery county, Ohio, among its early pioneers. There he followed the peaceful and independent vocation of the patriarchs and reared a family, among whom was Thomas B. Johnston, the father of Mart R., who was a farmer and fruit- grower. While yet quite a young man he mar- ried Elizabeth Shellabarger, whose ancestors had come from Germany three generations be- fore, and added to the developing forces of the pioneers of Montgomery county. There Mrs. Johnston was born and reared, there she and her husband reared a family, several members of whom became distinguished in various lines of life and there he died in 1884 and she in 1899. Their son, Mart R. Johnston, passed his boy- hood in the manner usual with the sons of pros- perous farmers, and as soon as he was old enough he became his father's capable assist- ant in the farm work. When he was eighteen years old he left the homestead and making his way to Denver, Colo., was about to begin an energetic effort in the struggle for supremacy among men when a serious illness overcame him and delayed his beginning for a year. Up- on his recovery he was appointed deputy sheriff of Larimer county, Colo., and, after a year of official life, entered the employ of the Denver & Rio Grande Railroad as a rodman in the pre- liminary surveys for the road. In 1879 he left the service of this company to take a place with the U. S. government engineers, who had in charge the official survey of parts of Colorado and New Mexico, with whom he continued three months. His first work as a surveyor was done on the Larimer county, Colo., irri- gating ditch, on the part located in Jefferson county, and this was done in 1877. This prac- tical experience, together with close and 'ob- serving study, gave him easy facility in various branches of civil engineering. In 1881 Mr. Johnston returned to Dayton, Ohio, and there, on January 10, 1882, he was married to Miss Anna Miller, a native of Ohio, and a daughter of Abram and Lena Miller, emigrants from Pennsylvania. He settled near Dayton and en- gaged in farming and in raising stock, in which he was very successful. In February, 1888, his wife's health requiring a change of climate, he disposed of his property in Ohio and removed his family to Cheyenne, and from there, a few weeks later, to Wheatland, where he has since made his home. In November, 1888, he was appointed superintendent of the Wyoming De- velopment Co., an organization formed for the purpose of irrigating and fitting for cultivation and use as pasturage large tracts of barren land. The company began operations in 1884, and two years later the first water was run through the ditches, which had been construct- ed at great expense to the stockholders. Since then more than 60,000 acres of desert land have been reclaimed and made fruitful, rewarding the faith of the husbandman with rich annual crops of fragrant alfalfa and golden grain, furnishing room for hundreds of happy homes for thrifty immigrants and returning to the stockholders at the same time large dividends on their invest- ments. The great utility of this mighty enter- prise is due in a considerable measure to the executive ability and skill of the superintendent in conducting its affairs. It has become so popular and productive of good that active steps have already been taken to vastly increase the volume of its operations. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Johnston are Edna T. and Frank D., both of whom are living at Wheatland. Mr. Tohnston stands high in Masonic circles, hold- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 381 ing membership in Lodge No. 416 at Wheat- land, and in the Royal Arch Chapter and Com- mander}', No. 1, Knights Templar, at Chey- enne. He is also a noble of the Mystic Shrine of Korem Temple at Rawlins, and has ascended the symbolic ladder of the Scottish Rite up to and through the Thirty-second degree. More- over he is a member of a lodge of Modern Woodmen of America at Wheatland, while in politics he is an uncompromising Democrat, who has given valiant and valuable service to his party in many a hard-fought local, state and national campaign. He has large private interests in the state, chief among them being a live stock industry conducted on a large and profitable scale on a ranch which he owns a mile south of the town. He has three brothers in Cheyenne, all of whom are prominent and suc- cessful. G. P. Johnston is one of the leading physicians and surgeons of the state, E. S. Johnston is one of the capital city's most enter- prising and successful merchants, F. D. John- ston is chief clerk in charge of the several di- visions of the railway U. S. mail service enter- ing Cheyenne. Each is a potential factor in the development and progress of the state. JOHN JONES. Among those to whom has come marked success in connection with the industrial activi- ties of Wyoming, there is no one more worthy of the prosperity which is his than John Jones, the honored subject of this review, who is not only one of the pioneers of the commonwealth, contending with the hostile Indians for its oc- cupancy, but also one who worthily wears the appellation of self-made, since he has depended upon his own exertions for his maintenance from early childhood, coming to America from his native England as a stranger in a strange land and here acquiring wealth through his life of industry and inflexible integrity and win- ning the confidence, esteem and friendship of the people with whom he has been thrown in contact. John Jones was born in Hereford- shire, England, on August 15, 1840, the son of Samuel and Ann Jones, who removed from their native land of Wales to the rich agricul- tural region of England, where they continued farming operations until their death. Mr. Jones was the youngest of nine children, and is now the sole survivor of the family. He re- mained in England until he was twenty-eight years old, engaged for the most part of the time in superintending brickmaking, as fore- man for a brother, who was largely engaged in filling construction contracts. In 1868 Mr. Jones left England for America, his first loca- tion being at Rochester, Minn., where for two years he engaged in farming, thence removing in 1 87 1 to Colorado, locating as a farmer and stockraiser between Greeley and Fort Collins, where he was successfully engaged until 1877 when he came to Wyoming and located on Horseshoe Creek, practically having only the numerous Indians 'for his neighbors, and they not tnose of the most friendly kind. During the first winter of his residence there were many contentions between the rival races and three men were killed from- ambush by the Indians, on Horseshoe Creek. The next spring E. K. Reel's "bull team" outfit was burned and his foreman shot. Being ahead of the freighting wagons, the train was cut in two by the Indians, and the . wagons in the rear surrounded and later burned, the fight lasting for a day and a night. These instances will serve to indicate the conditions under which Mr. Jones passed the three years of his residence in that locality. Thereafter he removed to the Wagon Hound Creek, there maintaining his headquarters until 1883, when he came to La Prele, making his base of operations at J. H. Kennedy's ranch, he ran his cattle on the then almost limitless range, continuing to be thus employed until 1898, when, having acquired a splendid financial return for his earnest labors and deprivations, he sold his interests and retired from business, later passing some time in Colorado and in visiting other sections of the Great West and keeping free from all business until 1901, when,, tiring of having no definite object or occupa- tion, having been all of his life a most diligent 382 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. worker, he purchased the George ranch, on the upper La Prele River, fifteen miles west of Douglas, and consisting of 960 acres, and again engaged in stockraising operations, which he is conducting with his oldtime vigor and suc- cess, usually running 500 head of Shorthorn cattle, and being a representative citizen and an honored pioneer. His ranch is a very avail- able one, having a large irrigation ditch and a large acreage of his estate being under effect- ive irrigation and noted for its crops of al- falfa. There is a commodious two-story dwell- ing on the ranch, with good barns and other outbuildings. CHARLES E. JUDSON. A leading stockman of Wyoming, who for many years was active in the commercial world in the city of Chicago and other eastern busi- ness centers, Charles E. Judson, whose resi- dence is at Mandel, Albany county, was born on December 21, 1843, at Plattsburg, N. Y., the son of Aaron and Sophronia (Mason) Jud- son, both natives of Troy, N. Y. His father was a leading Presbyterian minister of the east- ern portion of New York and who followed that profession up to the time of his decease, which occurred about 1852, at the age of thirty-nine years. He was buried in the city of his birth. The mother survived until 1879, when she, too, passed from earth at the age of seventy years, being the mother of three children. Charles E. Judson attained man's estate in his native state of New York and received his early education in her public schools. In 1857 he matriculated at Union College, at Schenectady, in that state, where he remained for four years, pursuing a full course of study at that noted institution, being graduated as a member of the class of '61. After the completion of his college course he went to the city of Savannah, Ga., to take charge of a contract to remove a large quantity of stores which had been wrecked during the Civil War and was sunk in the harbor at that place. He remained at Savannah and vicinity for about one and one-half years, then estab- lished his home in the city of Scranton, Pa., where he accepted a position as the secretary and treasurer of the Scranton Gas and Water Co., and continued in that business for twelve years. He was then advanced to be the man- ager and treasurer of the corporation and held that responsible place for several years. He then resigned his position and removing his residence to the city of Chicago, 111., he was there elected to the presidency of the Con- sumers' Gas Co. and held that responsible trust for about twelve years, when he accepted the presidency of the Lake Gas Co. and that of the Chicago Economy Fuel and Gas Co. Shortly after this he came to the then territory of Wyoming and engaged extensively in the land and cattle business, becoming the chief owner of the Empire Land and Cattle Co., one of the heaviest corporations operating in Wyoming. He has been very successful in the stock busi- ness, being now the owner of over 10,000 acres of land, well fenced and improved, and con- stituting one of the finest cattle ranches in that section of the state, with large herds of cattle, as well as of other extensive business interests in Wyoming. In 1877 Mr. Judson was united in marriage, in Pennsylvania,' with Miss Mary Black, a native of that state, and a daughter of Robert and Caroline (Perkins) P.lack, prom- inent residents of the city of Scranton. Her father was long engaged in business in that city as a drvgoods merchant and also as a coal oper- ator, being one of the leading business and finan- cial operators of his section of the state. To Mr. and Mrs. Judson one child was bom. Ro- berta, now deceased. Mrs. Judson is a superior woman, who has had much to do with the suc- cessful business career of her husband, for since his illness from partial paralysis, she has prac- tically assumed the entire management of their large property interests, and is conducting the business along the same successful lines as those pursued during former years. Mr. Jud- son is identified with the Republican party, and for manv years was one of the leaders of that political organization in Wyoming. During the period of his active life, he was often solicited PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 3S3 by his party associates and friends to accept positions of trust and honor within the gift of the party in the state, but he invariably de- clined to hold public office, for which his ability and education so well fitted him. He is one of the most respected citizens of Wyoming, and the family hold a high place in the esteem of the community. ISIDORE KASTOR. A leading commercial man of Evanston, Wyoming, who was born. in i860, in Kaisers- lautern, Rhine Bavaria, Germany, his parents being Salomon and Babette (Alenberg) Kas- tor, Isidore Kastor well deserves the pen of the local historian. His father was born in 1834 in Wattenheim, Germany, where he be- came a prominent merchant, and" was at one time a sergeant in the Bavarian cavalry, hold- ing that position for several years. He also served as a commissary in the Franco-Prus- sian War in 1870-71. He was an imposing per- sonage, of commanding figure and strong phys- ical makeup, but, better than all, a devoted hus- band and parent. He died at the age of fifty- eight and was buried at Kaiserslautern. Mrs. Solomon Kastor took that name by marriage at the age of eighteen. A domestic woman, caring only for her family, she is still living at Kaiserlautern, aged sixty, with her son, a brother of Isidore, who is in business there. Isidore Kastor was educated in German col- leges and he engaged in commerce at the age of sixteen and came to America at the age of twenty-two, and spending his first nine, months in mercantile work in New York. Thence he went to Pocahontas, Ark., and there was simi- larly employed for two years, after which he came to Evanston, Wyo., and started business for himself in a clothing and general store in December, 1885, and he has conducted it with signal success ever since. He is a wide-awake, up-to-date business man of genial personality and engaging manners, consequently of great popularity. In addition to his regular business, he is interested in several oil and mining prop- erties. He is affiliated with numerous fraternal bodies, being a member of the Masonic lodge of Evanston, also of the Scottish Rite Hall of Cheyenne, of the Woodmen of the World and the Modern Woodmen of America. He also holds the degree of Honor and is a member of Ancient Order of United Workmen. He was married in December, 1889, with Miss Fannie Lewis, a native of Germany and a daughter of Isaac N. and Sarah (Frank) Lewis. Her father was born in Kibarty, Prussia, and was formerly in business in Evanston, but is now in Salt Lake City. Mr. and Mrs. Kastor have three children : Louis, Selma and Shirley, and the family stands in most genial relations with the most progressive element of the community. ALFRED M. KEAS. Among the first to recognize the natural re- sources of this section of Wyoming and to cast in his lot with its people was Alfred M. Keas, now a prominent resident of the vicinity of Wheatland, one of the most successful farm- ers of Laramie county. Born on July 2, 1858, he is a native of Mercer county, Pennsylvania, a son of Michael and Catherine (Miller) Keas, natives of that state. In early life his father followed the occupation of farming in Mercer county, and subsequently he removed his resi- dence to Venango county, where he continued the same pursuit up to the time of his death, in 1898. He was buried in Cooperstown, in that county. The mother passed away in 1873, and lies at the side of her husband. Alfred M. Keas grew to man's estate in Venango county, Pa., and received his early education in its pub- lic schools. In early life he assisted his father in the work of the farm, and 5" T875 he began life for himself, at first securing employment from his brother, who was a farmer in Venango county, remaining in his employment for three years. He then left the farm and went to the oil regions, near Oil City, where he secured work and remained until the spring of 1878, when he went to Iowa and located in Craw- ford county for a few months, then going on to 384 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. Kansas. Here he took up land in the county of Rooks and engaged in farming, being one of the very earliest settlers of that county. He con- tinued in agricultural operations here until 1889, when he disposed of his farm and removed his residence to the city of Plainville, where he en- gaged in the livery business for five years. In the spring of 1894 he visited Wheatland, Wyo., on a trip of inspection, and having fully satis- fied himself as to the resources of the surround- ing country, he returned to Plainville, disposed of his property there, removed to Wheatland and purchased the ranch which he now owns, situated about five miles southwest from that place, on what are called the Wheatland Flats. Here he engaged in the business of cattlerais- ing with considerable success and by experi- menting he found that the raising of hogs was more profitable than cattleraising, and recently he has- been disposing of his cattle, and entering more extensively in the raising of hogs for the market. He has met with a marked success and has a fine farm, well improved, with suita- ble buildings, an excellent residence, and is counted one of the solid and substantial busi- ness men of his section. On April 18, 1880, Mr. Keas was united in marriage to Miss Addie M. Gentry at Plainville, Kan. She is a native of Missouri, the daughter of Henry C. and Mary (Gentry) Gentry, the former a native of Missouri and the latter of Kentucky, being a member of the well-known family of Ken- tucky Gentrys. Her father followed farming in Missouri until the outbreak of the Civil War, in 1861 being commissioned captain in a Mis- souri volunteer regiment of the Union army and served throughout the entire war in that capac- ity being in many engagements, but escaping without serious injury, he was mustered out at the end of the war. He then removed to Kansas, and established himself in the county of Wyan- dotte in farming. Here he remained until 1879, when he disposed of his property in that county and removed to Plainville, where here he still continued farming operations in the vicinity of Plainville until 1895, when he removed to Okla- homa Territory, whore he continued the same pursuit until his death in 1899. He was buried at Nora, in that territory. The mother of Mrs. Keas is still living and makes her home at the town of Nora. To Mr. and Mrs. Keas five children have been born, Charles, Arthur M., William O., Pearl M. and Minnie B., all are living and their home is notably one of the most comfortable and hospitable in their section of the state. Fraternally, Mr. Keas is affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and with the Modern Woodmen of America, be- ing a member of Wheatland lodges. Politically, he is identified with the Republican party, and takes an active and prominent part in public affairs, although never seeking or desiring posi- tion, his private business affairs fully occupying his time. By his industry, perseverance, good business judgment and management he is rapidly accumulating a competency. He stands high in the public estimation as a man of high character, thoroughly reliable and trustworthy in every relation of life. JOSEPH H. KENNEDY. One who perceived the wonderful possibili- ties for financial success in the undeveloped potentialities of stock-raising in "Wyoming and who has availed himself of them with good judgment and skillful discrimination, being now counted one of the leading stockmen of the section of the state where he has made and now maintains his home on the La Prele River on his productive ranch of 1,000 acres of eligibly located land, situated sixteen miles southwest from Douglas, Wyo., Joseph H. Kennedy well deserves more than a passing notice in a vol- ume treating of the Progressive Men of Wyo- ming. He was born on January 12, 1847, in Vir- ginia, where his ancestors on both paternal and maternal sides had lived for generations, and is the son of John and Jane E. (Strickland") Ken- nedy, the father dying at the early age of thirty- three years and leaving a family of three chil- dren. In 1856 the widow with her children re- moved to Iowa, having previously remarried, locating in Marshall county, the stepfather hav- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 38; ing been engaged in merchandising. Remaining at the Iowa homestead until 1872, the energetic spirit of Mr. Kennedy led him to make the long and dangerous journey across the plains to Colorado, where he located in Larimer county, and began his long career in connection with the live stock business and was prospered in his undertakings for the five years of his residence in that locality. In 1877 he removed to Wyoming, and to his present scene of opera- tions, in connection with others buying several squatters' rights and taking up other lands. Here they laid the foundation for operations of scope and importance, continuing in a cumula- tive business of prosperity for many years, Mr. Kennedy purchasing the interests of his part- ners in 1897 and 1900, thus creating his present ranch and holdings, having a large acreage, well-irrigated and yielding bounteous crops, especially of alfalfa, as Mr. Kennedy raises a large amount of this kind of hay, for he feeds his cattle during the winter months. Here he has erected, fine buildings, barns, sheds, corrals, etc., including an elegant residence of the latest style of architecture, modern in all respects and finished in natural oak and cypress and fur- nished with all modern improvements, including the latest methods of heating, lighting and sani- tation, it being one of the finest country resi- dences of the state. Mr. Kennedy entered mar- ried life on January 8, 1896, being united with Miss Josie Shockley, a native of Kansas and a daughter of A. D. Shockley, who, after passing a few years in Wyoming, is_ now maintaining his home in South Dakota. They have one son, John Albert. Mr. Kennedy is a representative citizen of Wyoming in the best sense of the word. His motto has been progress from the first, for starting with Texas cattle in his first adventure in the state, he has steadily advanced the quality of his herds, and has now some fine thoroughbred Hereford bulls and usually runs 500 head of that celebrated breed. When they were on the public range they sometimes had 7,000 head. He keeps thoroughly in touch with the development of the stock industry of the country through the best literature of the day, intercourse with leading stockmen and by affil- iation with the Converse County Stock Grow- ers' Association and the Wyoming Stock Grow- ers' Association. He is one of Converse coun- ty's strong men, having a large number of friends, while his political relations are with the Republican party. Clearly defined purpose, consecutive effort and practical ability of a de- terminate order are the qualities which have made Mr. Kennedy one of the leaders of the industrial activities of his section of the state and have brought to him the uniform esteem of his fellow men, his career having been one of well-directed energy, strong determination and honorable methods. RICHARD M. KENNEDY. A contributor in a leading way to the prog- ress of the various communities in which he has lived, always interested in the general wel- fare and progress of his county and state, it is eminently fit that Richard M. Kennedy, of John- son county, Wyoming, should now be the con- servator of the peace, government and dignity of the state, which as sheriff he upholds with a firm hand and a judicious exercise of his official powers. He was born in New York state on September 3, 1848, the son of Michael and Mary (Burke) Kennedy, who left their native Ireland early in life for the greater freedom, larger opportunity and more agreeable political conditions of the United States, were married in this country, and after spending a few years near the Atlantic seaboard came west to Iowa in 1854, when their son Richard was six years old. Here he grew to manhood, attended school and. from time to time assisted his father in his carpentry and building operations. In 1872 he made a trip to New Orleans, but soon sought aeain the Northwest, coming to Montana. The next year he located in Johnson county, Wyo., and began operations as a contractor and a dealer in timber. From 1882 to 1884 he served as deputy sheriff, during the next five years was an extensive dealer in real-estate, while in 1889 he was again appointed deputy sheriff and. after 3 86 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. serving two years, went to Portland, Ore., and passed the next two years dealing in real-estate in that city. He then again came to Johnson county, where he has since resided. In 1897 he was made one of the custodians of the U. S. forest reserve, and in 1900 was elected sheriff of the county as >a Republican. He was re- elected in 1902 and has since been adding to the excellent record in his official duties which he had previously made. He has been successful in business and owns valuable real-estate in city property and farm lands. He is also interested in mines of value and has very promising hold- ings in the Wyoming oil fields. In 1881 he was married to Miss Fannie Stroder, a native of Missouri, but at the time a resident of Buf- falo, Wyo. Both have hosts of friends and their home is a popular resort for them, being a center of gracious and refined hospitality and of intellectual and social intercourse. JOHN G. FIERO. John Gillispy Fiero, a prosperous and well- known citizen of Evanston, Uinta county, was born on November 16, 1836, in Ulster county, N. Y., amid the impressive scenes and sugges- tions of the Catskill Mountains, at the little town of Woodstock. His parents were Dr. John Gillispy and Mary (Hall) Fiero, whose family consisted of six children of whom five reached maturity, Mrs. Harriet Hyde, now de- ceased ; John G. ; Wright E. ; Mrs. Zemira Trombley ; Mrs. Margaret O. Stephens. Dr. Fiero died at the early age of thirty-six years, after a record of great credit and success as a physician and surgeon and after his death his wife, with her young children, removed to Mount Clemens, Mich., the home of her par- ents, where her husband had also owned prop- erty. Here she lived to the age of eighty-four years and at her death, in 1894, she was buried in the beautiful cemetery of this well-known city. She was a lady of excellent character and disposition, well-known and well-beloved, whose life was passed in good deeds. Her father, a prominent and successful physician and sur- geon, was a man of affairs and connected with numerous business enterprises. He married Olive Rich, a native of Connecticut of English parentage and both lived to old age, the Doc- tor being eighty-five and his wife eighty-seven at death. Among the industrial enterprises with which the Doctor was connected was a glass factory which he built and operated at Mount Clemens. John G. Fiero after leaving the academy at Mount Clemens, where he finished his education, was apprenticed to the ma- chinists' trade in the Detroit Locomotive Works and worked there until the shops closed during the panic of 1857. He spent the follow- ing summer in the U. S. Coast Survey on Grand Traverse Bay, Michigan, and after that worked at carpentry for some time. He was next en- gaged at the Canada oil springs drilling oil wells and in this line of work was a verv suc- cessful operator. In 1864 he entered the U. S. army as an engineer and was assigned to duty in the construction corps, building bridges, rail- roads and other necessary works. . In March. 1865, he left the army and returned to his for- mer home in Michigan, thence in June of the same year he started west across the plains to prospect for oil in the service of a company which failed before he reached his destination. but nothing daunted by its failure, he came to Fort Bridger, Wyo., and became the pioneer oil prospector of the state, boring the first we'll within its limits, locating valuable oil fields and opening and operating them in partnership with the late Judge Carter of Fort Bridger. In 1876 he removed to Evanston and beginning work as a carpenter became a builder and con- tractor in this line and also established a busi- ness in drilling and piping oil wells, being from his long and practical experience in this line of activity a master of it in every detail. Mr. Fiero has prospered in business, is securely es- tablished in the respect and esteem of his fel- lows and has rendered signal service to the various communities in which he has lived. He owns valuable property in Evanston, in Xorth- ville and in St. Louis. Mich. In politics he is an active and devoted Republican, standing by the 'C^i. ,#. £&. Cj&W? PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 387 principles and candidates of his party and ren- dering loyal service in all its campaigns. In fra- ternal relations he is a master mason, and be- longs to Evanston Lodge, No. 4, with which he affiliated to aid in its organization as a char- ter member. He is a Presbyterian 'in religious belief and an elder in his church. On October 6, 1891, he was united in marriag-e with Miss Mary Landol Bowen, the marriage occurring at Nashville, Tenh., where she was born on February 3, 1863, the only child of James Lan- dol and Rachel (Kernell) Bowen. She is a highly educated lady, a graduate of Ward's Seminary at Nashville, Maple Hill Seminary and Doyle College, all celebrated educational institutions of Tennessee. In art especially she is richly endowed and has been very successful as a teacher, working directly from nature by the freehand system. Her work has had honor- able mention wherever it has been shown, win- ning high commendation at the Nashville ex- hibit. She is also prominent and active in the W. C. T. U. organization, having been the presi- dent of the local union at Evanston and its secretary for many years. She has good busi- ness qualifications and manages her estate with skill and judgment. Her property in Nashville is valuable, and she also owns 2160 acres of timber and prospective oil land in DeKalb county, Tenn., located about three miles from Smithville, the county seat, which is in the Pennsylvania-Texas oil belt. Mr. and Mrs. Fiero have a pleasant home at 398 Lombard street, Evanston, one of the attractive social resorts of the town, and a center of intellectual culture and genial hospitality. PETER J. KINNEY. The restless and productive energy of the Irish people proclaims itself, wherever they se- cure a footing, in the improvement of the sec- tion and the multiplication of the elements and evidences of civilization. Among the men of that gifted race who have been of especial bene- fit in developing the great Northwest and mak- ing it merry with the music of industrial prog- 34 ress and bright with the products of diligence and taste, none is more entitled to honorable mention than Peter J. Kinney of Newcastle, prominent in the annals of the town from its founding as a commercial and a civil force. He was born on Christmas day, 1861, in Boston, Mass., where his parents, Peter and Catherine (Norton) Kinney, had settled when in 1848 they left their native Erin and sought a home in the United States, and where they were profitably engaged in gardening until their deaths, that of the mother occurring in 1869 and that of the father in 1888. Mr. Kinney was educated at Brighton, a beautiful suburb of the New Eng- land metropolis, where he lived quietly with his parents until he was twenty years of age. In 1881 he caught the Western fever and crossed the wide and lonely plains to Colorado, locat- ing at Fort Collins, where he went to work on a cattle ranch in that neighborhood, remaining six months. In 1882 he removed to Cheyenne and during the next three years rode the range and herded cattle in the employ of various com- panies. In 1885 he went to the Black Hills and settled at Spearfish, S. D., where he clerked in stores until 1889, in the meantime making a visit to his old home. In July, 1889 he came to what is now Weston county, W3^o., halting at Tub Town, three miles from where Newcastle now stands. This was then a virgin country, almost untrodden by the foot of civilized man, but it was not long before there was a healthy sprinkling of desirable settlers in its midst and at least one mining industry in vigorous growth. The Kilpatricks were then opening their coal mines and thereby attracting both labor and capital to the section. Mr. Kinney en- gaged in business at Tub Town until fall, and then, Newcastle being founded, he bought one of the first town lots sold within its limits and began a residence there which has continued until the present time. After three years passed here as clerk and salesman, he determined to make a start in business for himself. Accord- ingly, in 1892, he bought property and opened a liquor business in which he is still engaged. He prospered in this venture, and looking al- 3 88 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. ways to the best interests of the town and its people, in 1898, with his characteristic energy and public spirit, he put in an electric light plant, and has found it a much appreciated, a very serviceable and profitable improvement. He is now putting in a telephone system, for which the populace has longed and which will not only connect them with the rest of the world in a close and beneficial way, but will stamp the community as a progressive and up- to-date one, even in this day of colossal com- mercial enterprises. It is thus with Mr. Kinney all along the line of development and advance- ment. Scarcely any undertaking of pith and moment in the whole section of country to which he belongs has been without the quicken- ing impulse of his master hand or the guiding wisdom of his fertile mind. In addition to the stand for his mercantile business, his residence and the other property already mentioned, he owns valuable real-estate in the town and county and has interests elsewhere. In politics Mr. Kinney is an unfaltering Democrat, most active in the councils of his party and easily its most esteemed and astute local leader. In 1894 and 1895 he served as a member of the Newcas- tle city council and in 1898 he was appointed mavor to fill a vacancy, serving eight months. In May, 1902, he was elected to this office for a full term and is now discharging the duties of his position with an eye single to the welfare of the community, but at the same time holding under due consideration the rights and interests of the individual citizen. On November 12, 1896, he was married with Miss Ethel Bailey, a native of Iowa, but at that time a resident of Newcastle, where the marriage occurred. Both are members of the Catholic church. WILLIAM LANNEN. Among the younger generation of progres- sive and successful business men of the state of Wyoming, a prominent place must be given to William Lannen, who, a native of the county of La Salle, 111., was born on June 1, 1859, the son of David and Mary (Hunt) Lannen, natives of Ireland, and from them he inherits the ster- ling qualities of industry, pluck and persever- ance which have characterized the best people of the Irish race wherever their activities have- taken them. David Lannen, the father, was one of the earliest settlers of the western portion of the United States, being a pioneer of four states and taking a leading part for many years in lay- ing the foundations of civilization in those com- monwealths. Emigrating from Ireland in early life, he came to America and settled in the coun- ty of La Salle, on the Illinois frontier. Here he engaged in farming and remained for some. years, when he removed, in the fall of 1859, to Kansas, where he settled first near the site of the city of Topeka. Here he took up government land and engaged in farming. Later he purchased a larger farm in Franklin county in the same state, and moved his family to the new home. At this place he was occupied successfully for a number of } T ears in both farming and stock- raising, then disposing of his interests he estab- lished his residence in Osage county, where he continued, in the same occupations up to 1871, when, desiring to engage in the stock business upon a more extensive scale than the settled condition of the country permitted in Osage county, he sold his business to good advantage, and started with his family on an overland trip to the then territory of Wyoming, the winter of that year being passed in Colorado, where for a time he thought seriously of making his home, finally concluding to carry out his original inten- tion of going to Wyoming. In the spring of 1872, he arrived at the vicinity of the present city of Cheyenne and took up a ranch on the overland trail, it being the same place now owned by his son, William, the trail passing immediately in front of where his residence now stands. Here he engaged in cattleraising, having brought from Kansas quite a fine herd of animals. He met with immediate success in his operations and as soon as the land was surveyed by the govern- ment, he laid claim to it and subsequently ac- quired it by purchase from the United States. He also purchased large tracts of land from the rail- road company and other parties, as his needs re- i ; PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 389 quired, and his business was extended, until at the time of his death in 1891, he was the owner of over 12,000 acres. He was one of those practical, rugged men, having a keen business ability and indomitable resolution, who conquer all difficulties and carve success out of any con- ditions that confront them. Coming into the country in those early days when it seemed like a desert to those accustomed to the landscapes of the East, with green fields and waving trees, he saw the possibilities of Wyoming, had un- bounded confidence in the future and went to work with a will to build his home in the new West. By his efforts, his unfailing industry and his courage and perseverance in the midst of vi- cissitude, he changed the desert into a garden and saw his fortune grow from small beginnings un- til he became one of the most prominent stock- men of his state. Long before the close of his arduous and successful life the correctness of his judgment was vindicated by events and the bar- ren plains of Wyoming were covered with thou- sands of cattle, horses and sheep, and the sparsely settled community of his early life became an important state in the Union. He did much to build up Wyoming when a territory and when a state, and it was through the hardships and sacrifices of such men that the foundations of civilization here were laid strong and deep and the wa) r prepared for the generations which are to follow. A debt of gratitude which can never be paid is justly due to these hardy pioneers and builders of the great Middle West. Mr. Lannen passed away at the old home on May 7, 1891, loved by his family and friends and respected and honored by all, being buried in the city of Cheyenne. The mother survived until 1899, dying on January 19, of that year, being buried by the side of her husband. Working together in life, gathering a large fortune and raising an interesting family of children to comfort them in their declining years they are not separated in death. Both were devout members of the Ro- man Catholic church, ever foremost in all works of helpfulness and charity. Of their family of six children, the eldest, Mrs. Ellen Lannen Dial, passed away on February 15, 1901, at Ogden, Utah, aged fifty- four years ; Mrs. Julia Lannen Hinkston is now a resident of Ogden ; Edward died on January 27, 1881, at the age of twenty- seven years, and was buried in the city of Cheyenne ; Mrs. Mary Lannen Holt is the wife of Thomas D. Holt, one of the leading stockmen of Wyoming, residing at Hecla; William, the im- mediate subject of this review; Mrs. Katie Lan- nen Owen, now residing in Laramie, Wyo. William Lannen grew to manhood and re- ceived his early education in Wyoming. Leaving school when nineteen, he then took an active part in the management of the ranch and the stock interests owned by his father and continued in that employment until his father's death, hav- ing for several years previous to that time the control and entire charge of all the operations, carrying them on the lines formerly followed by his. father, and meeting with the same success. After the death of the father the estate was divided among the heirs and the home ranch, of some 12,000 acres, became the property of William Lannen. A considerable portion of this great tract is under irrigation and each year im- mense quantities of hay, both timothy and al- falfa, are grown, most of which is consumed on the property by the cattle belonging to Mr. Lan- nen, who is the owner of several large herds of , fine stock, confining his operations to cattle, and having both thoroughbred and graded Herefords, finding the latter the best stock for range cattle. It is a matter of historical interest that old Fort Walbach was formerly located on the home ranch of Mr. Lannen, the site being near his resi- dence, and the cellars of the post still remain. Several soldiers who in the pioneer days were killed by the Indians lie buried in the vicinity, and there are many evidences of savage and frontier life in the sparsely settled days of the country by white people. Even in recent years the Indians have been troublesome from their cattle stealing propensities, and the ranch has sustained quite serious losses from that source from time to time. On October 20, 1897, Mr. Lannen was united in marriage at the home of the bride's parents to Miss Matilda J. Tait, a na- tive of Wyoming, and the daughter of Robert 39° PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. and Agnes (Finlayson) Tait, prominent resi- dents of that section of Wyoming, and they have one child, Erne Agnes. Politically, Mr. Lannen is a stanch member of the Republican party, and takes an active interest in all public affairs. Fre- quently he has been solicited by his neighbors and friends to become a candidate for public office, but he has consistently declined to do so, his private business interests fully occupying his attention and requiring all of his time. He is a progressive and popular citizen of that section of Wyoming where his home is located, admired and respected by all for his high character and ability as an enterprising man of business, and is destined to become one of the wealthiest men of the state. GORDON O. LATHAN. The oldtimers of Wyoming, as of the entire western country, are fast being removed from the stage of action, and the heroism and pathos of their lives are rapidly becoming a part of their country's history, but the scenes which have known them in the past and witnessed their deeds of valor and achievement on the frontier, will soon know them no more forever. Their numbers are steadily growing less, but what 'they accomplished in the settlement of the West will grow brighter as time goes on. Among those who have blazed the way in Wyoming, no one stands higher than Gordon O. Lathan, now a prominent resident of Iron Mountain, Laramie county. Coming into the territory at a time when the Indian and the buf- falo were practically the sole possessors of the land, he has watched its development and done his full share in the great work, from a condi- tion of barbarism to its present condition, as one of the most prosperous and progressive of the states of the American Union. Born on May 24, 1840, in Sandusky, Ohio, the son of Stanton and Lois (Small) Lathan, both natives of Massachusetts. Mr. Gordon O. Lathan in- herits the spirit of adventure from an ancestry ever forward in the van of civilization, his grand- parents being pioneers in New England, while his father was a pioneer and frontiersman of Ohio, Michigan and Iowa, who, settling in Ohio during its early days of settlement, there carved a home from the almost untouched forest wilder- ness before 1840. while later he was for fourteen years a frontiersman and a hunter in Michigan, in 1854 removing to Jackson county, Iowa, where he also continued life as a farmer. Here he remained until 1861, when he removed to Missouri, serving in the army of the Civil War as one of the home guard for four years. Sub- sequently he engaged in farming in that state until 1884, when he came to Wyoming, and made his home with his son, Gordon, for two years, then removed to Johnson county, where he owns a ranch and resides there with two of his children, being still (1902) an active man at the advanced age of eighty-eight years. The mother died in 1852, being buried in Genesee county, Mich. Gordon O. Lathan came to the then territory of Colorado in 1859, and engaged in prospecting and mining in Colorado, Utah, Arizona and New Mexico for about eighteen months, then established himself on a ranch on the St. Bravin River, near Boulder, Colo., and engaged in cutting hay and selling it in the mining camps until 1867, when he removed to Fort Laramie, Wyo., and entered the employ of the United States government at that mili- tarv post. Here he acted as hunter, scout and guide until 1868, when he went to Fort Halleck and hunted under contract from the Union Pa- cific Railroad for about five months. Return- irfer to Fort Laramie he hunted for the com- missary department of that post during the win- ter of 1868-69. In the spring he purchased a ranch on Horse Creek on the stage road be- tween Cheyenne and Fort Laramie, where he conducted a road ranch and stage station, and for four vears carried on his former business of hunting. Cheyenne was his chief market and, during the days that game was plentiful in the vicinity of his place, he found the occupa- tion a very remunerative one. In 1874 he took up the ranch now owned by Mr. McLaughlin on Horse Creek, and engaged in cattleraising. hunting, however, a portion of each year. PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 39i Eighteen months later he disposed of this place and bought the Stone ranch, near his former place, and remained there until 1880, engaged in the profitable business of raising cattle and horses. Here he also did considerable hunting and also acted as guide for the officers at Fort Russell, being considered the most efficient guide in that section of the West and as having a better knowledge of the geography of Wyom- ing and of its game preserves than any other man on the frontier. In the spring of 1880 he disposed of his ranch and stock interests to good advantage and in the fall went to Florida, in the hope of recuperating his failing health. Here he remained for about eighteen months, during which time he owned and operated a . transfer line from the St. John's River to In- dian River, Fla. In the spring of 1883 he re- turned to Wyoming and in the fall took up his present ranch on Chugwater, about forty miles southwest of the city of Cheyenne. He has been continuously engaged here in the business of raising cattle and horses and has been very successful, having a fine ranch of over 2,500 acres, well fenced and improved, with barns and buildings, and about 400 acres of the best hay land in that vicinity. He owns a large herd of cattle and many range horses, and is stead- ily increasing his holdings from year to year. Among the experiences of his early life which are full of historic interest, we will mention that he was a member of an' expedition sent out from Fremont, Neb., in 1859, against the Paw- nee Indians, who were on the warpath and com- mitting many outrages and depredations upon the settlers. Captain Hazen was in command . of the company and General Thayer was at the head of the expedition. They overtook and punished the Indians severely, capturing many prisoners and crushing the warlike spirit of the tribe, so that from that time they caused little trouble to white settlers. On April 27, 1870, Mr. Lathan was united in marriage at the city of Cheyenne, Wyo., to Miss Ellen Armstrong, a native of Otsego county, N. Y., a daughter of William and Eunice (Gibson) Armstrong, na- tives of that state. Her father was a stone- mason and contractor, who removed to Ohio, where he followed business with great success and died at Wakeman, Ohio, at the great age of ninety-nine years. Her mother also died at the same place in 1884 at the age of eighty- four years. Mr. and Mrs. Lathan have no chil- dren of their own, but have one adopted child, William McDonald Lathan, aged thirty-three years. They are members of the Christian church taking an active interest in all works of religion or charity in the community where they reside. Politically Mr. Lathan is a member of the Repub- lican party, and all of his life has taken an active interest in public affairs. The history of his life and experiences on the plains of the West during nearly half a century would have an absorbing interest and be of enduring value, for he is a pioneer of pioneers, one of that heroic band who conquered the West for civil- ization. DENNIS W. LEMAN. \ It is a most pleasing task to preserve for coming generations somewhat of the lives and activities of those who by their thrift, their ability and their wise development have laid and are laying the foundation stones of the prosperity of the state. A man of strong char- acter and one whose life has been of signal use- fulness, Mr. Leman, now of Converse county, Wyoming, well deserves our notice as a sterling and progressive citizen. He is of ancient- Eng- lish lineage and was himself born on July 31, 1854, in the "tight little isle," his birthplace be- ing in* Gloucestershire, the son of James and Jane (Wilkins) Leman, both being natives of Somerset. The father was a fine representa- tive of the English farmer, intelligent, well-read and progressive. The sixth of the seven chil- dren of the family, when twenty years of his life had been numbered, Dennis W. Leman shook off the ties binding him to the land, of his nativity and sailed westward to try the op- portunities of obtaining a financial standing in the New World. Fortune has been his friend and he was wise in making his way across the 392 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. great Mississippi Valley to the far West, his first stopping place being Denver, Colo., but in 1877 ne came to Wyoming and was for four years identified with ranching and cattle inter- ests on Wagon Hound Creek, following which employment he founded his permanent home at his present location by filing on a homestead, securing a desert claim and acquiring other land by purchase until his ranch now consists of over 500 acres, a portion of it being thor- oughly irrigated and producing alfalfa hay and grain in great abundance. His ranch is located on the La Prele River, twenty miles southwest of Douglas. Through his broad understanding of the principles underlying success in stock- raising, Mr. Leman has been successful, having an attractive and productive place, a commo- dious and conveniently arranged residence and an equipment of barns, sheds and other out- buildings, harmonious with and commensurate to the needs of his special branch of agricul- ture, the raising of superior cattle, and here he is giving personal attention and care to his large herd of thoroughbred and graded Short- horns, being considered one of the thoughtful leaders of the cattle industry, giving time and labor to the improvement of the stock interests of the state and taking part in the wise endeav- ors of the Converse County Stock Association and the State Association of Stockmen. In po- litical matters Mr. Leman gives support to the Democratic party, although not a partisan, he is active in his support of public matters of a local character and is numbered among the wide-awake and progressive men of the county and state, being well and extensively known as a representative citizen as well as a stockman. He takes great interest in educational matters and has given useful and acceptable service in various school offices. The potentialities of Mr. Leman's life were largely increased on Sep- tember 15, 1896, when he married with Miss Bessie Mills of Nebraska, a daughter of Favious and Louise (Copsey) Mills, who has been a most capable assistant in his far-reaching plans and activities, their family circle being enlarged by three charming daughters, Grace, Edith and Ruth. HENRY LESTER. It is not to the soldiery, with its pomp, pa- rade, glitter and clash of arms, not to the poli- ticians, with their naisy oratory, fiery declama- tions and invectives, that American liberty owes and will owe its preservation and perpetuity. These are but the foam and froth on the surface of a deep and powerful river, while the current, bearing on in strength and to safety the free in- stitutions of our land, is best typified by such a person as the one of whom we now write. The class of which he is a type will control the destiny of the country so long as right is tri- umphant and honor manifested in the transac- tions of men, for he is emphatically a man of the people and a representative man in all respects. Without parade, without noise, quietly and stead- ily, conservatively and consistently, he has ever aimed to know what was transpiring around him, and, knowing, to use his best judgment in choos- ing a course adapted to produce "the greatest good to the greatest number," yet ever dominated by that deep religious principle, which has come to him as a precious heritage from a long line of devout ancestors and makes him intensely loyal and useful to the church in which he holds an elevated position. Henry Lester, of Hilliard Flats, Uinta county, Wyoming, was born in Not- tinghamshire, England, on May 11, 1857, a son of Henry and Ann (Hankin) Lester. The father was a son of William and Mary (Brad- ford) Lester and the parental grandfather of the Wyoming Lester was a native of Sheephead, Derbyshire, England, and Mary Bradford Les- ter was born in Derbyshire. William Lester was a successful stocking manufacturer, which business he conducted for a long term of years, while Henry Lester, Sr., was an agriculturist as were his wife's' people. He is still living in Eng- land. The mother of Mr. Lester came of a long line of English agricultural forebears. She was born on July 22, 1830, and died on November 30, 1898, in England. Of their ten children, four came to the United States and Henry was the eld- est son of the family. He received a comprehen- sive education in the public schools of England, for some vears in early life was engaged in PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 393 agriculture, following this with about three years labor in the coal mines. He then became an able seaman, soon, however, enlisting in the Royal Sherwood-Forest Second Battalion of the English army, in which he served with honor and credit for four years. Following this he learned the trade of lacemaking, but after two years of steady application to this sedentary occu- pation, in 1884, he emigrated to the United States, settling in Almy, Wyoming, where he was employed in the mines until 1890. Desiring to have a home of his own, and a place that would be a permanent habitation for his family for coming years, in 1890 he took up 160 acres of government land, a portion of his present very desirable ranch, to which he- has since also added 320 acres purchased from the rail- road, and eighty acres more of desert land. This land he has improved and developed to meet his necessities and requirements and here he is suc- cessfully engaged in extensive and profitable cat- tleraising. He is very public-spirited, being one of the school trustees and a person whose judg- ment and strength of character make him prom- inent in the community. He is financially con- nected with several extensive ditch companies, of which he is the president. On October 7, 1882, Mr. Lester was married in England to Miss Mary A. Powell, a daughter of James and Mary (Bebb) Powell, natives of Wales. The family of this worthy couple consists of six living chil- dren, one having been called away by death. They are James H. ; Mary ; Joseph ; William P. ; Evan Arthur, died on November 27, 1892, aged one year and ten months ; Walter L. ; Merle. Mr. and Mrs. Lester are faithful members of the Church of Latter Day Saints and Mr. Lester a second counsellor to the bishop and also super- intendent of the Sunday-school. In political re- lations Mr. Lester is stanchly arrayed in the ranks of the Democratic party, using discrim- ination however in the support of candidates and not blindly following the dictates of any individ- ual. He is considered one of the representative citizens of the community and holds a high place in the regards of a wide circle of friends, and the hospitality of the Lester household is known throughout an extensive area. ERNEST E. LEVERS, M. D. Ralph Waldo Emerson affirmed that "a man is what his mother made him," yet, much of truth as there is in that statement, it does not express the entire truth, for bygone generations as well as parental influences are concerned in the building of the man. Physical characteris- tics, traits of individuality and mental tenden- cies have been transmitted and come down to him from a long series of ancestors, and, wherever these have believed in improving their own intel- lectual powers, in cultivating and developing a healthy and vigorous physical organism and in elevating their moral nature by watchful self- discipline, they were not only benefiting them- selves, but making it possible for distant gener- ations of their posterity to be the stronger, not only in body, but in the higher department of intellect, better fitted in every way to make a vigorous appearance upon the stage of life. So, in writing oLDr. Ernest E. Levers, it is well to consider that the energy of past generations is his also. Running back through several genera- tions of American ancestors residing in Ohio and Pennsylvania, both his parental and maternal an- cestral lines cross the Atlantic Ocean and are found connected with the great German Father- land for so many years that the memory of man knows nothing of any other origin. Many of the characteristics of the deep thinkers, brilliant scientists, and painstaking medical men and scholars of that leading nationality are shown in him and verify the reasoning we have presented. Ernest E. Levers, the popular physician and surgeon of Spring Valley, Uinta county, Wyo., was born in Stark county, Ohio, on April 21, 1871, a son of William and Liew (Hassler) Levers. His paternal grandfather, David Lev- ers, a native of Pennsylvania, soon after his mar- riage became a pioneer farmer in the heavy for- est wilderness of Ohio, where, by his industry and persevering efforts through a long series of years, he transformed the face of nature and de- veloped a large extent of productive acres of val- uable land. Here he reared his children to be good, industrious and patriotic citizens, and at his death besides his material possessions, left 394 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. them the precious heritage of an honorable name. His son William also followed agriculture in Ohio, and by his marriage with Miss Liew Hass- ler, also of German lineage, established a home to which came two sons and three daughters, the second one in order of birth being the subject of this sketch. Intensely loyal in his nature, when the storm of civil war burst over the coun- try William Levers became one of the soldiers of the Union and served with honor for two years in the 114th Ohio Volunteers. He and his es- timable wife are now living in Ohio, where they hold an honored place in the regards of the com- munity. The early educational discipline of Doc- tor Levers was obtained in the excellent public schools of Ohio, and, being a natural student and having a desire to become a thoroughly educated physician, he entered Heidelberg University, at Tiffin, Ohio, and took a full classical course of study at this reputable institution, graduating with the class of 1895. Having thus laid a solid foundation for the technical study of the sci- ences of medicine and surgery, he pursued his medical education at the Ohio Medical Univer- sity of Columbus, Ohio, and, acquitting himself with credit, was graduated therefrom as M. D. in 1898. His qualifications for a successful pro- fessional career were so marked, even in his col- lege days, that upon graduation he became in- terne in the hospital at Columbus, which position he successfully filled for one year, therein ac- quiring a practical experience that has since been of great value. Succeeding this service, deem- ing that the new West afforded opportunities for usefulness and profit that would be in accordance with his wishes, he came to Wyoming and was the house surgeon of the Wyoming General Hos- pital for six months, meeting with good success and acquiring a valuable acquaintance. In 1899 he made his permanent residence at Almy, Wyoming, and established himself in the general practice as a physician and a surgeon and soon his abilities were manifested in the acquisition of a valuable circle of patrons coming from the representative families of that section. Here he was actively engaged in medical labors until 1901, when he removed to Spring Valley to become the local surgeon and physician of the U. P. Coal Co., which position he is now filling. He is also an assistant surgeon for the Union Pacific Rail- road, while an extensive and lucrative individ- ual practice has already been built up. Doctor Levers keeps himself fully in touch with the lat- est developments and discoveries and .is a close and thoughtful student along all lines of med- ical progress. He is a member of the board of U. S. Pension Examiners, of the state board of Med- ical Examiners and has held the distinguished office of president of the Wyoming Medical Soci- ety, of which he is an active member. Doctor Levers reads, travels and thinks. He is an in- tense radical in support of everything, in public, professional or private life, which has for its object the improvement, the development or the advancement of the community or the people. He holds advanced opinions on all subjects, can sup- port them ably and pungently with tongue or pen, and is active in all matters and particularly so in his support of the Republican party, in whose success he takes great interest. In the fall of 1902 he was a candidate of his party for the State Senate and was elected by a flattering majority. Fraternally, he holds membership in Evanston Lodge, No. 4, A. F. & A. M. Doc- tor Levers consummated a very fortunate matri- monial alliance, when in Columbus. Ohio, on December 29, 1899, he wedded with Miss Bessie M. Long, a lady of education and culture, a daughter of the Rev. M. DeWitt Long, D. D., and his wife Pauline (McCahoon) Long. Her parents were natives of Ohio, her father of German extraction and her mother of Scotch:. Doctor Long is now the venerated pastor of the Knox Presbyterian church of Omaha. Nebraska, where is his family home. Mrs. Levers is the possessor of a very musical voice, of great range and capabilities, being extensively known as a vo- calist. She passed the winter of 1901-2 in the cultivation of her voice in one of the best schools of voice-culture in New York City. Doctor and Mrs. Levers occupy a high place in social circles and have a large number of friends to whom they extend a charming hospitality. A strong friend and a kind neighbor. Doctor Lev- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 395 ers is one of the most highly-valued citizens of the county of his home and worthily has the universal esteem and confidence of its leading men, both as a medical man, an official and as a citizen. GEORGE LORD. George Lord, a prosperous ranchman and for years an active business man of Sheridan, was born on September 30, 1861, in Clinton count}'. New York, the son of George and Jane (Hare) Lord, also New Yorkers by nativity. The fa- ther was a well-esteemed hotel man at Saranac, N. Y.. who while on a trip through Colorado in 1884 died in that state, his remains being taken to his native county for burial. Some years later the mother followed her son to Wyoming and now resides at Sheridan. George Lord was edu- cated in the schools of his native county and in 1878 came west to Omaha, then new and promis- ing, and went to work on a farm not far from the city. After some time, however, he took to rail- roading, working on the Union Pacific through Nebraska and Wyoming. His first advent in Wyoming occurred in 1880, when he had a run on the road between Rawlins and Green River. The next year gave up railroading and came to northern Wyoming with a herd of cattle, locat- ing them on what is now the site of Sheridan, attending them there, riding the range and look- ing after the interest of the business for eight years. In 1890 lie took up his residence and in- vested his money in property at Sheridan, and engaged actively in business. Since that time he has been more or less interested in real-estate and commercial business in the town, but in 1901 he bought a ranch on Tongue River, eighteen miles northwest of Sheridan, and started a stock industry of considerable proportions. In the au- tumn of 1902 he sold both the stock and ranch and returned to Sheridan to live and look after his interests in the city. Here he has valuable properties and is again engaged in mercantile business. In politics Mr. Lord has always been a firm and faithful Democrat, serving his party well without seeking its honors or emoluments. He did however serve in the citv council of Sher- idan for seven years as a matter of accommoda- tion to the citizens and for the benefit of its best interests. In county and state politics his voice is potential in his party, and his knowledge of men and methods is much appreciated. Frater- nally he belongs to the Order of Elks, holding membership in the lodge at Sheridan. He was married on April 15, 1893, to Miss Louisa Bru- nig, a native of Illinois, then living at Buffalo in this state. They have three children, Edwin. Leo and Elinore. JOHN D. LOUCKS. In the rush and hurry of our workday life in America, it is not given to many men to leave an enduring record or substantial memorial of their work, however useful or important. John D. Loucks, of Sheridan, Wyoming, is an excep- tion to the rule, and has in the city of his resi- dence an enduring monument, for he is essen- tially the father of the town. It was he who laid out the city ; he. was its first postmaster, its first school director, its first mayor, its first news- paper founder and proprietor, and its leading citi- zen. The first election within its corporate limits was held at his house and at the origin of every feature of its existence he has been present with paternal and vitalizing force. He came to Wyo- ming in 1880, his native state being New York, and his life began there in November, 1845. His parents, Adam and Jane (Collier) Loucks, were also natives of that state and when he was one year old they removed to Michigan. Six years later they took another step westward to Marshall county, Iowa, where after years of use- ful and upright life as prosperous farmers they died. And there on the farm their son John lived and worked during youth and young manhood, attending the schools of the district as he was able, scooping up however, but a handful of the grateful, invigorating waters of knowledge as they danced and bubbled across his pathway. In March, 1863. when he was but seventeen years of age he enlisted in the Union army in Co A ; Sixth Iowa Cavalry, and in that command served during the Civil War. Its field of operations was 396 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. in the Northwest, where he saw dangerous ser- vice against the hostile Sioux who took advan- tage of the Civil War to rise against the Gov- ernment. He also helped to build Fort Rice and traversed the Yellowstone Valley and other portions of the farther West, at the close of the war returning to Iowa, where he passed some time in Sioux City. In 1872 he removed to Kan- sas, settled in Smith county, helped to locate and lay out Cedarville, but in 1873 sold his interests and returned to Iowa, where for seven years he conducted a brick- yard and a drug business in Bedford. In 1880 he made a round trip with teams from Bedford to Bozeman, Mont., and in 188 1 he went by steamboat up the Missouri to Miles City. There he wintered and in the ensu- ing spring drove a team to the present site of Sheridan, Wyo. He took up preemption and des- ert claims on the Big Goose Creek, and soon af- ter his arrival, discerning there the promise of a growing settlement, with Mr. Rhodes he plat- ted and surveyed a townsite which the} 7 named Sheridan, and for the survey Mr. Loucks fur- nished the necessary means. He also bought a grocery store which Mr. Rhodes had been oper- ating, and enlarging its scope to include general merchandise, he carried it on for a number of years. For awhile his customers were almost wholly Indians, they were not unsatisfactory, for they paid for what they got and seldom created disturbance. Prices were high, trade was active and profits were good. Flour was ten cents and bacon and sugar each twenty-five cents a pound. Freights were also high, not less than five cents a pound from Rock Creek, Wyo. In 1888 he sold his business and disposed of the ground on which he had conducted it to the First National Bank of Sheridan and this corporation gave lots to settlers as an inducement to bring population to the town. Mr. Loucks retired to his ranch and busied himself with an active and interesting stock industry, conducting at the same time a flourishing furniture business in Sheridan. In 1901 he built the Loucks block on Main Street, a fine two-story brick edifice, the first floor of which is occupied by stores, and the second by offices and the rooms of the Young Men's Chris- tian Association. This organization, which he was one of the leading spirits in forming and of which he is now the president, is practically his guest in the building, as he does not allow it to pay any rent. He owns much other property in the city and in 1902 sold his ranch and took up his residence in the young municipality he had founded. In 1882 he was appointed postmaster of Sheridan, and was obliged to walk fifteen miles to take the oath of office. He served until 1885, being in the meanwhile elected school di- rector and mayor of the city. The last office he held for a number of terms in succession and, whether in or out of office, his interest in school matters never flagged. His first election as mayor was held at his own house, it being then the headquarters for every form of political and public activity in the community. In 1886 he was elected a member of the upper house of the Territorial Legislature and during his term of office had the satisfaction of securing the organ- ization of Sheridan county, with his town as the county seat. Mr. Loucks is a prominent mem- ber of the Grand Army of the Republic, and was influential in organizing John Schuler Post. He is also very prominent in the benefi- cent and the evangelizing work of the Meth- odist Episcopal church, and is prominent by influence and example in every charitable enter- prise in the community. In 1872, in Iowa he was married with Miss Annie Clark, a native of Pennsylvania, and they have three children, Annie, wife of C. W. Garbett, superintendent of the Wyoming Forest Reserve, Homer and Flor- ence, all being residents of Sheridan. Among the enterprises with which the public spirit and progressiveness of Mr. Loucks must be credited is the first newspaper published in Sheridan, the Sheridan Post, of which he was the founder and for years the proprietor. In reality, there is scarcely any element of advancement or means of improvement, any engine of commercial, educa- tional or moral development that has not been quickened by the touch of his tireless hand or broadened bv the force of his active mind. PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 397 DUGALD McCALLUM. As his name unmistakably indicates, the most extensive and successful lumber merchant in his part of the state, one of the leaders in this branch of commercial enterprise in the Northwest, Du- gald McCallum of Wheatland in Laramie county, is of Scotch ancestry, and his career proves that he has inherited the thrift, resourcefulness, self- reliance and productive power of his race and family. In 1844 his parents, Dugald and Isa- bella (McLarty) McCallum, emigrated from Paisley, Scotland, to Canada, then locating in the Province of Quebec, where the father engaged in farming until 1847. From thence he removed to Owen Sound, Ontario, and there followed the same pursuit until his death in 1878, his wife having died in 1862. Their son Dugald was born in Quebec, Canada, on November 18, 1845, the year after his parents came to the New World. He was educated in scholastic learning in the public schools of his native land and in morals and manners by his careful and conscien- tious parents. Reared to farm life, he learned early the dignity and importance of labor and while yet a youth made a full hand on the home- stead, where he remained as an employe until he was twenty-four, when he took charge of it, thus enabling his father to enjoy a needed rest, and soon after he purchased the place and culti- vated it until 1 87 1, when he sold it and engaged in the livery business at Kincardine, Ont., for two years. In 1873 he disposed of his livery and gave his attention to contracting and build- ing with headquarters at Kincardine. After four years of successful operations in this line he sold his outfit and came to Wyoming, locating at Cheyenne, beginning an active and prosperous bridge-building enterprise, which he conducted for the Union Pacific Railroad until 1880, during the next three years being employed in the car shops of the company. He then left the service of the company and soon was conducting a large and lucrative business as a contractor and builder at Cheyenne, and to his credit in this capacity are many of the best buildings in the city. In 1888 he sold out his business and became man- ager of the Cheyenne Lumber Co., having charge of its affairs until the yards were closed in De- cember, 1892. He then followed contracting un- til February, 1894, when he became associated with H. E. Crain in the lumber business at Wheatland. On March 12, 1900, he purchased his partner's interest and has since carried on the business alone, Mr. Crain engaging in a sim- ilar enterprise at Guernsey. Mr. McCallum has steadily enlarged his business and increased its importance to the community until ; t is now one of the most extensive of its kind in the state. He has financial ability of a high order and a prac- tical wisdom, broad and serviceable in every line of mercantile and mechanical thought. Although his commercial and industrial affairs have been engrossing, they have not kept him from exhib- iting a zealous and fruitful influence in behalf of all public improvements of merit and every un- dertaking for the advancement of the community in moral, intellectual and material strength. In fraternal relations Mr. McCallum is connected with the Freemasons in all branches of the order, holding membership in the symbolic, capitular, cryptic and templar bodies, also having taken the Thirty-second degree in the Scottish Rite. He also belongs to the Woodmen of the AVorld, and to Castle Hall Lodge, No. 2, Knights of Pythias, at Cheyenne, being initiated in 1878. In church membership he is an ardent Congregationalist and in politics a firm and faithful Republican, yet not an offensive partisan nor an office seeker, having in his long and interesting career con- sented to hold no official station, except that of justice of the peace at Wheatland, in which he served, two years and exhibited qualifications of a high order. On February 22, 1872, at Milton, Halton county, Ontario, he was married to Miss Annie Lawson, a native of the Dominion and daughter of William and Agnes (Akins) Law- son. Her parents were natives of Scotland who came to Canada in early days and settled in Hal- ton county, Ont., where the mother died in the early sixties and the father in 1876. Mr. and Mrs. McCallum have had two children, William N., born on December 30, 1872, and died March 5, 1894, and Neil John N., born at Kincardine 39§ PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. on February 27, 1875, who is his father's part- ner in business and has assumed much of the burden of controlling the various and respon- sible interests which the firm has in charge. In addition to the mercantile industry which en- gages them they have a fine farm a mile and one-half north of Wheatland, to which they give special attention and which they have brought to a high state of improvement. FRANCIS M. MATHEWS. Of the many oldtime stockmen of Wyoming, whose industry, thrift and enterprise have laid strong and deep the foundations of that common- wealth, none are held in higher esteem than Fran- cis M. Mathews, of Granite Canyon, a native of Davis county, Mo., born on January 1, 1843, the son of Greenfield and Hannah (Nash) Math- ews, the former a native of Tennessee and the latter of Kentucky. His parents were among the earliest of the pioneers of Missouri, and followed the occupation of farming in Dekalb and Davis counties. The father died in Dekalb county in 1852, and the mother died in Davis county in 1876. Francis M. Mathews attained manhood in Davis county and there received his early edu- cation. In 1862, answering to the patriotic call of President Lincoln for troops to defend the flap- of the country from dishonor, he enlisted in the Sixth Missouri Cavalry of the Union army, and served continuously until the close of the Civil War, being mustered out of service in April, 1865. He was in several hotly contested engagements, but escaped without receiving se- rious injuries. After the war he engaged in farm- ing in Davis county. Mo., remaining there in that occupation until 1873, when he disposed of his farm interests in Missouri, and removed his' residence to the then territory of Wyoming. Here, in May, 1874, he settled on his present ranch, situated on the South Crow Creek, about twenty miles west of the city of Cheyenne and here he has since resided, being engaged success- fully in the business of cattleraising. He was one of the earliest settlers of that section of coun- try, by bis industry, attention to the details of his business and good judgment, building up a fine property, which is increasing from year to year. •On February 2, 1868, in Davis county, Mo.. Mr. Mathews was united in marriage with Miss Ra- chel Taylor, a native of Missouri, and the daugh- ter of William and Mary A. (McCoy) Taylor, natives of Iowa. Her father was long engaged in farming in Davis county, Mo., but in 1868 he removed to Oregon and later to Idaho, where he again engaged both in farming and stockraising, and where he remained until his decease in Au- gust, 1896. He was also buried in Nez Perces county, Idaho, near his pleasant Idaho home. The mother now resides in Nez Perces county. To Mr. and Mrs. F. M. Mathews six children have been born, William G., George W., Minnie (Jay), Arthur, Gertrude and Laura. Politically, Mr. Mathews is a stanch adherent of the Repub- lican party, and for many years he has taken an active and patriotic interest in public affairs, al- though never seeking public position. He leaves partisan politics and office-seeking to others, find- ing contentment and sufficient gratification in at- tending to his business affairs, building up the handsome fortune which he now possesses. His sterling traits of character, and his useful life, which has been marked by industry, thrift and fidelity to every duty, and crowned with flatter- ing success, have earned for him a high place in the esteem of his fellowmen. A. L. MILLER. A prominent figure in the business life of Converse county, being the general manager of the large mercantile establishment of Barron Brothers, at Lusk, Wyoming, Mr. A. L. Miller, a native of Jackson county. Mo., was born on June 25, i86t, the son of William H. and Mary Frances (Adams) Miller, the former a native of Virginia and the latter of Maryland. His pa- ternal grand c ather, Nathaniel Miller, was also a native of Virginia, where the family for many generations was prominent in its business and social life. The father of our subject was a graduate of the I'. S. military academy at Vest Point, but did not enter the army, preferring PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 399 law as a profession. In 1 he parly fifties he left Virginia, and removed to Missouri, where he maintained his residence until 1862, when of course his sympathies were with the Confed- eracy, and he took steps to. raise a company for active service in the army of the South. Yield- ing, however, to the earnest entreaties of his friends and of his relatives, he relinquished this idea, and sought dame fortune in the far West, where wonderful discoveries of gold had just been made and, going overland to Alder Gulch, Montana, he established himself for a time at Virginia City, and later, upon the placer dis- coveries in Last Chance Gulch, on the present site of the city of Helena, he removed thither and resided for some time. In the early days of the settlement of Wyoming, however, he re- moved to that territory, made headquarters at Cheyenne, continuing there in the practice of law for many years and taking from the first a leading part in the professional and public af- fairs of the territory and state. From 1876 to 1878 he was prosecuting attorney of his county, and largely aided in establishing the capital of the territory at Cheyenne. In 1881 he removed to Beuna Vista, Colo., and was active in the legal and mining affairs of that state up to the time of his death, December 28, 1893. He was a man of ability and prominence, reckoned among the leading men of the pioneer life of Montana, Wyoming and Colorado. He was the father of five children, the subject of this review being the third. After his leaving for the West in 1862 the residence of the family was still maintained in the city of St. Joseph, Mo., and here A. L. Miller passed his boyhood and received his early education. In June, 1878, he came to Wyoming, and for seven years made his headquarters at Cheyenne, being occupied during most of that time in riding the range, there acquiring a practical knowledge of the cattle business, in which it was his ambition to engage as soon as circumstances would permit. He then came to the vicinity of Lusk, and in 1890 engaged in merchandising at that place. For a time he was in the employ of the Baker Brothers, and then was the cashier of the bank of the Barron Brothers. He remained in this position about twelve months, until the bank changed hands, then removed to his ranch on Old Woman's Creek, about ten miles north of Lusk, and followed the cattle business for about five years. In 1895 he became the general man- ager of the large mercantile house of the Bar- ron Mercantile Co., located at Lusk, Wyo., and he has since continued in that position, al- though still owning his ranch property and there carrying on an extensive sheep and woolgrow- ing business. On September 15, 1890, Mr. Miller was united in marriage to Miss Lizzie C. Daley, a native of Iowa and a daughter of the late Daniel Daley, formerly a prominent stock- man of Converse county. To their union have been born seven children, William Daniel, Flor- ence Leon, Edward Nathaniel, Kenneth Greg- ory, Thomas Ollie, Lee Gerald and Donald. The family home is a center of genial and re- fined hospitality, with many appointments of luxury and comfort. Fraternally, Mr. Miller is affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and with the Woodmen of the World, and takes an active interest in the social life of the community. He is one of the most pro- gressive and capable business men of his sec- tion of the state, and is held in high esteem. WILLIAM H. MILLER. In this great land of hope and promise, of multitudinous opportunity and bountiful reward, every citizen is a sovereign, therefore liable to be called at any time to the administration of public affairs ; and for the proper discharge of official duties each is well prepared by a con- tinual participation in the thought and activities on which the government is founded. William H. Miller of Newcastle, Weston county, Wyo- ming, one of the leading cattle and ranchmen of his section of the state, who has demon- strated his fitness for public business by close and careful attention to his own and the good results achieved thereby, is no exception to the rule ; that he has made an ideal official is no surprise to those who have known him in pri- 400 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. vate life. He was born in Noble county, Ohio, on January 16, 1864, the son of William and Elizabeth (Rogers) Miller, of the same nativity as himself. The father owned a large sawmill in Lawrence county, that state, and fdr a num- ber of years did a profitable business with it in that thriving and progressive -section. In 1872 the family removed to Guthrie county, Iowa, and there engaged in farming until 1878, when they took a flight toward the setting sun, alight- ing in Colorado and settling at Villa Grove, at the base of the Sangre de Cristo Mountains, a range rich in mineral deposits of enormous value. There the father discovered the Bo- nanza mine, one of the largest and most pro- lific silver mines in the state, and gave himself zealously to the work of developing it. He has since sold part of his interest, but owns the greater portion of this fruitful holding and still makes his home at Villa Grove. William H. Miller received his education in Guthrie county, Iowa, remaining there until 1876 when he re- moved to Cheyenne, Wyo., but after a short stay in that city went to the Black Hills and engaged in freighting, going from that region to Sidney, Neb., and there riding the range in the cattle industry until 1882. In 1883 he came to Crook county, Wyo., with cattle and rode the range in care of them for three years. In 1886 he started a cattleraising industry of his own, taking up a ranch nine miles south of Sun- dance, to which he has since made additions until it now comprises 640 acres of the be^t grazing and range land in that portion of the state. He is a stockholder and trie vice-pres- ident of the Cambria Live Stock Co., of New- castle, one of the largest and most enterprising organizations for handling sheep in the North- west, controlling immense bodies of land and carrying on a business of great scope and ac- tivity. He is also a half owner of the Meek & Miller Cattle Co. Mr. Miller also owns stock in and is vice-president of the Coffee Oil Co., of Newcastle, whose fields of unctuous wealth lie southwest of the town and freely yield up their treasures to the industrious seeker. He owns much desirable property in the residence sec- tion of the city and has interests of value else- where. In 1894 he removed his cattle from Crook to Weston county and there ran them until 1 901 when he disposed of them, still hav- ing a large number of horses in Crook county. From 1892 to 1898 he was extensively engaged in the dairy business near Cambria and in the latter year was elected sheriff of Weston county on the Republican ticket. He so bore himself in this responsible station that he won the re- gard of all men officially as he had already done personally and in a business way and was re- elected in November, 1902, demonstrating the popularity he has acquired among the voters. On March 30, 1887, in Crook county, Wyo., Mr. Miller was united in marriage wi'th Miss Anna McMoran of that county, a native of New York and a daughter of Robert G. and Mary McMoran, the former of Scotch and the latter of English ancestry. Her father was a brave and faithful soldier for the Union in the Civil War, who removed his family to Wyoming in 1883 and added his forceful energy to the cat- tleraising industry until his death in 1S99, his widow still making her home in Crook coun- ty. The Millers have five children, Mary E., Helen B., Sidney A., C. Raymond and A. Ruth. Mr. Miller is a member of the Knights of Pythias at Cambria and the order of Red Men at Newcastle and both himself and his wife are members of the Episcopal church. JOHN MORTON. One of the best representatives of the great sheepraising industries of Converse county. Wyo- ming, is Mr. John Morton, who by his energy, industry and strict fidelity to all business and social relations of his life has raised himself to a well-earned prosperity and now stands securely founded in the good graces and the esteem of his associates in all the departments of existence. He was born on September 3, 1862, in Dekalb county. 111., of German ancestry, and has shown throughout his busy career the thrift and indus- try, the patience and the self-reliance characteris- tic of the German race. Having onlv the cduca- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 40 i tional advantages of the common schools, he la- bored on the parental homestead until 1878, when he made the long journey to Rawlins, Wyo., and identified himself for three years with the care of sheep in various localities, then, securing a band of his own, he ranged them near Rawlins until the fall of 1880, when, removing to Doug- las, he there established his home and the center of his operations, ranging his. rapidly increasing flocks between Douglas and Jeannette. In this industry his skill, ability and wise personal su- pervision have brought tangible results, and he is at this writing one of the leading sheepmen of the state, aside from his individual holdings, carrying a large interest in the John Morton Sheep Co., of which he is president, and also being the senior partner of the firm of Morton & Jennings, also running large flocks of sheep. On February 8, 1894, Mr. Morton was united in marriage with Miss Sarah E. McDearmid, a na- tive of New York and of old Scottish ancestry and they have three children, John Robert, Will- iam M., and Margaret. Mr. Morton is a strong upholder and supporter of the Republican party in politics and an active and generous contrib- utor to all public matters of a local character, holding a high place in the esteem of the people and being a valued member of the Masonic fra- ternity. WENTWORTH H. MOSS. The character of a state being but the sum and total of the individual characters of its citizens, every man's individuality has a peculiar interest for us when writing of the attainments and pros- perity of its commonwealth. For many centuries in England has the name of Moss been connected with feats of valor, movements of statesmanship, industrial progress and professional achievement. Emigrating from the mother country to Massa- chusetts in the early days of anxiety, privation and suffering, three brothers named Moss estab- lished on New England soil the same character- istics appertaining to the English family. One of these brothers was the great-grandfather of Wentworth H. Moss, of Uinta county, Wyoming. In America, as in England, the family has been noted for its intelligence, culture and beneficent interest in public affairs and for its integrity and superior business qualifications. Wentworth H. Moss was born on March 20, 1843, in what is now the beautiful manufacturing village of Sandy Hill, Washington county, N. Y., where is located one of the largest manufactories of wall paper in the world, a son of Edward and Mary (Carter) Moss, both of whom were natives of New York state. Edward Moss was a good type of an intelligent New England farmer, and, in addition to his vocation of agriculture, took quite an active part in the conduct of public affairs. He removed with his family in 1846 to Boone county, 111., where for a long term of years he was a superintendent of schools. His father, Edward Moss, was a soldier of the American Revolution. Six children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Moss, of whom Wentworth was the third. His eldest brother, James Moss, distinguished himself and maintained the patriotic record of the family in the Civil War by his loyal service as captain of Co. B, Fifty-eighth Illinois Volun- teers and lost his life in the memorable engage- ment at Red River Crossing, Louisiana. Went- worth H. Moss received his elementary literary education at the public schools of Illinois, supple- menting this by an attendance at a somewhat celebrated private academy. In 1865, his inde- pendent business career was initiated by his ser- vices as a bookkeeper at Salt Lake City and later he was an U. S. wagonmaster, with headquarters at Forts Laramie, Sedgwick and Russell and also McPherson and Camp Carlin. Following this employment he made his home successively in Laramie and Cheyenne, Wyo., devoting his time to the carrying out of the various government contracts he had undertaken. In 1884, he estab- lished the family residence in Uinta county, Wyo., on the headwaters of the Big Muddy, six miles south of the village of Piedmont. This has con- tinued to be his home, and here he owns 160 acres of land which he has developed in a wise and- systematic manner to meet the demands of the cattle and horseraising departments of agricul- tural industry to which he has devoted his land. 402 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. He has still continued and is now engaged in ex- tensive contracting operations, having a large acquaintance with men and affairs, not only in Western Wyoming, but far beyond the bounda- ries of the state. He is an active member of the Democratic party, prominent in its councils and in its campaigns. Without any desire however for political honors or emoluments for himself, he has accepted and done valuable service as postmaster, deputy U. S. marshal and as a wa- ter commissioner. Fraternally, he has attained to the Royal Arch degree of the Masonic order, and is also identified with the Benevolent Protec- tive Order of Elks, holding membership in the first at Eyanston, Wyo., and in the second at Rock Springs. In Norfolk, Neb., on December 22, 1875, occurred the nuptial ceremony uniting Mr. W. H. Moss and Miss Mattie B. McClary, who is a daughter of David and Almy McClary, who also trace their lineage to very early New England families, themselves however being like their daughter," native in the state of New York. Universally- esteemed for his gen- ial ways, his sterling worth and integrity, Mr. Moss is one of the best types Wyoming can pro- duce of a self-made man. His success is the result of steady industry, business thrift and en- terprise reaching over an active period of years. He has ever been benevolent and hospitable, a patron of educational interests, a public-spirited citizen and an exemplary member of society. With numerous friends in official circles and among the leading representative .men of western Wyoming, no man is in a position to exercise a greater influence in the direction of business in- tegrity or in shaping the affairs of this section of the state, then is this representative of an old time family, Wentworth H. Moss. JOHN L. McCOY. John L. McCoy, stockgrower and capitalist, and one of the leading men in the state of Wyo- ming, is a native of Pennsylvania, where he was born on March 11, 1853, the son of John and Elizabeth (Steele) McCoy, the former a native of Ireland and the latter of Pennsylvania. He was reared at the paternal home until he was twelve years old, when, as his father was -a poor laboring man, it became incumbent' on him to go to work on neighboring farms and this he continued to do until he was twenty years old, for the first four years receiving only his board and clothes and the privilege of attending the winter schools for three months each winter. Shortly after he was twenty he engaged his ser- vices in the construction department of the W. U. Telegraph ' Co. and remained in that connec- tion and employment for about eight months and until the panic of 1873 caused the suspension of labor in this department of the company's opera- tions. In 1874, when he had just reached his majority, he determined to start afresh for him- self and in another field of endeavor from that in which his parents had toiled, and he went to California, locating in the Santa Clara Valley, passed three years in farm work there and then entered the service of the U. S. government as, a civil engineer to do surveying work under contract. In 1881 he ran the first line surveyed in the Bighorn basin, the established guide from the Seventh standard to the Twelfth, and. from this line as a base, this entire section of country has been subsequently surveyed. He remained in the government service in this capacity until 1884, when he came to Fremont county and lo- cated on Owl Creek, determined to return to the pursuits of his forefathers, and engaged in farm- ing and stockgrowing. His ranch is the well- known Keystone ranch, and he has a. wide celeb- rity as being one of the most extensive cattle- growers in the state. Pie is also the heaviest property holder in the town of Thermopolis. and has been of inestimable service in the develop- ment and improvement of the town. He built the Keystone Hotel, a fine modern structure of stone, which cost $10,000, and a massive and ar- tistic two-story stone business block, besides making numerous other desirable improvements. He owns large blocks of stock in the First Na- tional Bank of Thermopolis. also in the electric light plant, and is connected in a leading way with almost every appreciated enterprise in the community. Being a progressive and -broad- [ t M *$ cHf PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 403 minded man, with an intensely patriotic devotion to his section of the country, he is ever deeply in- terested and always willing to be actively help- ful in whatever .may tend to build up the town and county in which he lives, or advance the comfort, happiness or well-being of its people. On his ranch he raises principally graded Here- ford and Galloway cattle, and his product, in addition to being one of the largest in the county, is also one of the best and best known in this part of the world. Mr. McCoy is essentially a self-made man, the outgrowth of the inherent qualities of business capacity, clearness of vision, quickness of apprehension and readiness in ac- tion with which he was endowed by nature, and which the exigencies of his struggle for suprem- acy among men have developed and trained. He reached California with not more than ten dollars in greenbacks as the sum of his worldly wealth, and in that state at the time the pur- chasing power of his money was somewhat be- low par. But he had in himself a better capital than wealth, and this he has coined into various forms of property and substance by judicious use, at the same time securing, by deserving it,' the approbation and esteem of his fellow men, wherever he has cast anchor even for a short time. By the people among whom he has lived longest and labored most assiduously he is uni- versally regarded as one of the most advanced and progressive, as well as one of the most up- right and elevated of their citizens. HON. CHARLES F. MILLER. Safely anchored in that quiet, peaceful haven found by countless numbers even on this side of the grave, a serene and hale old age, where the storms of life beat not or are felt only in gen- tle undulations of the unruffled waters, Charles. F. Miller of Cheyenne, one of the makers and build- ers of Wyoming, can look back over the troubled and toilsome way he has come with additional satisfaction and pleasure because of the very struggles, privations and dangers through which it led. A child of the sunny South, imbued with the political principles taught and revered in that section of our country and of suitable age to bear arms in the Civil War, when the long threatened storm broke over the land, he warmly espoused the cause of his people and gallantly followed their banner through that awful baptism of blood and disaster, beholding its proud folds wave in triumph at Manassas and Harper's Ferry and Chancellorsville and Monocacy, close in sorrow at South Mountain, Antietam and Gettysburg, and go down in irretrievable disaster at Peters- burg and at The Wilderness and Appomattox. Then coming to the farther West, when the coun- try was new and just awakening to life and throb- bing activity, he has seen its wonderful growth and development, within the short space of one generation of men, from an almo=t unbroken wil- derness to many might)- states marching majestic- 'allv onward on the highway to empire and en- during greatness. In this contest also he has borne his full share of the labors and burdens and wears their marks with pride and not un- pleasant recollections. He was born in Rappa- hannock count)-, Ya., on April 27, 1833, his par- ents, Henry and Elizabeth (Crigler) Miller, being natives of Virginia, whither his grandfather, John Miller, came from Germany as a young man, ,the two brothers who accompanied him settling in Pennsylvania. He was soon married to a Miss Hitt, and together they prospered as planters and raised a family of ten or twelve children. Mr. Miller's parents also became wealthy in Virginia as farmers and died there at good old ages, as did his grandparents. He was himself reared' on a farm in his native county and educated in her public schools. When he was nineteen he left home, became clerk in a store belonging to the father of Hon. Gibson Clark, now of Chey- enne, which was located in a neighboring county, and two or three years later he removed to Mis- souri and made his home in Atchison county. While living there he became interested in a store in Iowa which was operated by his part • ners. In 1859 ne was appointed sheriff of Atch- ison county, Mo., and later was elected to the office, serving in all two and one-half years. At the end of his term, in March, 1861, he returned to Virginia on a visit, passing through Washing- 404 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. ton on the day after Lincoln's first inauguration, which he was prevented from attending by the wreck of his railroad train in Illinois, being there- by delayed many hours. Soon after he reached home the Civil War broke out apd he promptly enlisted in Co. G, Forty-ninth Virginia Infantry under Col. "Extra Billy" Smith, formerly gover- nor of the state. The Colonel was then over sixty years old and soon after the battle of Gettysburg resigned. Mr. Miller's regiment belonged to the army of northern Virginia, and was in the thick- est of the fight during the entire war, and he participated in all the leading battles and num- berless skirmishes which marked its gory prog- ress. At Antietam he received a gunshot wound in the side, which was prevented from being very serious if not fatal, by a small Bible and a pair of scissors which he was carrying in his inside pocket. The bullet tore the Bible to fragments and bent the scissors. Even with this protection Mr. Miller was incapacitated from active service by the wound for three or four months', then he rejoined his regiment and remained with it until he was captured in front of Petersburg about two months before the close of the war. He was taken as a prisoner first to Washington and later was detained at Fort Delaware until the coming of peace released him, being at the time of his capture a first lieutenant of his company. When released from the Federal prison he returned to Missouri and in November, 1867, came to Wyo- ming, then a part of Dakota territory. The ter- minus of the railroad was forty miles east of Cheyenne, but its builders were pushing its con- struction as rapidly as possible, and every form of enterprise was on the boom. Mr. Miller se- cured employment in a large merchandising es- tablishment conducted by Stephen F. Nuckolls, then one of the merchant princes of this part of the country. Soon after he took charge of a traveling store for this establishment and fol- lowed the advance of the railroad. Cheyenne was then the distributing point of freight and commerce for a very large scope of country, but the rough and lawless elements of society were abundant and daring. Mr. Miller carried his store through to Corinne, Utah, but along the line of his progress he had many thrilling experiences and narrow escapes in the railroad camps. At Bear River a severe fight occurred with some of the graders, several men being killed on both sides, but he escaped unhurt. In the autumn of 1869 he returned to Cheyenne and remained in the employ of Mr. Nuckolls until 1872. The business was then sold to Erasmus" Nagle and Mr. Nuckolls went to Utah. Before this occurred, however, Mr. Nuckolls was sent as a delegate to Congress and during his absence at Washington Mr. Miller had entire charge of the extensive business, and for two or three years after Mr. Nuckolls removed to Utah Mr. Miller was in charge of the collections and of set- tling accounts. During this time he had also acquired an interest in the store which he still retains. In 1875 he started a cattle industry and in 1876 was elected probate judge and county treasurer, to which office he was reelected in 1878, holding the office four years and during the time he was also vigorously pushing his cat- tle business, having 2,500 to 4,000 cattle on the ranges. He sold his stock interests in 1897 and since then has lived retired from active business, but he still owns considerable A r aluable real-estate. Having never married and being therefore free from domestic responsibilities, Mr. Miller has been able to largely devote himself to the ad- vancement of the prosperity of the community in which he has lived, showing great enterprise and public spirit in this direction. He was one of the promoters of the introduction of gas into the town and has been connected in a leading way with other projects of value to the city and county. Fraternally, he has long been connected with the Masonic order and he has gone through all its branches. He was "made a Mason" at Rockport, Mo., in 1857 and is now a Thirty-sec- end degree member of the Scottish Rite, as well as active in the chapter and commander v to which he belongs. In politics he is a consistent and un- wavering Democrat, devoted to the interests of his party, always ready to bear his portion of its burdens in campaigns both local and national. His useful life has won him the esteem of all his fellows. PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 405 JOHN MORAN. One of the successful pioneer ranch and stockmen of Laramie county is John Moran, whose address is Glendo, Wyoming. He is a native of Ireland, where he was born in County Mayo, on December 18, 1845, the son of James and Mary (Scanlon) Moran, natives of that country. The father followed farming in his native land until 1848, when he emigrated to America and established his home in ■ Potter county, Pa., and there again engaged in farm- ing, which he followed up to the time of his death in 1899. The mother died in 1893, and both parents lie buried near the Potter county home. John Moran grew to man's estate in the Keystone state and received his early schooling in Potter county. He remained with his par- ents until he had attained to the age of nine- teen years, then in 1865, he resolved to seek his fortune on the western frontier, and bid- ding farewell to his parents, and the scenes of his childhood and early manhood, he came to ■ the city of St. Joseph, Mo., then the principal outfitting point for overland travel to the West. Here he secured employment with a large over- land freight train and drove a team as far as the inchoate city of Denver, where he remained for only a short time and then proceeded to Black Hawk, Colorado, where he engaged in mining until 1869. During this time and in association with a cousin, he had purchased a ranch on Coal Creek, Colo., which they had stocked with cattle and left in charge of an employe, while they continued their mining op- erations. During the winter of 1 870-1, Mr. Mo- ran removed to Erie, Colo., where he continued until 1872, then disposing of his mining- in- terests, with his partner he went to New Mex- ico, where they purchased cattle, which they brought to their Coal Creek ranch. In 1873, they disposed of this property and moved their cattle to Laramie county, Wyo., purchased an- other ranch, and continued there in the cattle business, meeting with success, until 1876, when they disposed of their property and went east to visit the Centennial Exposition at Philadel- phia. In the spring of the following year they returned to Larimer county, Colo., and in the vicinity of Fort Collins entered upon the cat- tleraising business, remaining there about two years. They then brought their cattle to the Horseshoe Creek country, of Wyoming, and lo- cated the ranch now owned by Mr. Moran on Horseshoe Creek, about eight miles southwest of Glendo. He was one of the pioneers of that section of Wyoming, being the third settler on Horseshoe Creek, and has seen the country change from the wild and savage condition of that time to the civilized and settled condition of the present, when it is considered one of the most favored stockgrowing- regions of Wyo- ming. He is the owner of 480 acres at his home' ranch, about 1,000 acres on Elkhorn Creek, having other lands in various sections of the state and being considered one of the solid business men and substantial property owners of Laramie county. He handles both cattle and sheep, taking an especial pride in his grades of Shorthorn and Hereford cattle, own- ing a large number of the most valuable an- imals in AVyoming. His largest property in- terests are in cattle, although he operates ex- tensively in sheep. He is a member of the Ro- man Catholic church, and takes a deep interest in all measures calculated to be of benefit to the people of the community where he resides. He is also a member of the Douglas Lodge No. 15, I. O. O. F., at Douglas, Wyo. Po- litically, he is identified with the Republican party, being a conscientious believer in the prin- ciples of that political organization, but he has never 'taken an active part in political manage- ment, and in local matters often votes for the men rather than the party, holding that men of right thoughts will do right. M. H. MURPHY. One of the most active and progressive citizens of Albany county, Wyoming, is M. H. Murphy, a resident of Laramie, who is a na- tive of Pennsylvania, born in 1845, the son of John and Helen (Howard) Murphy, natives of 406 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. Ireland. The father emigrated from his native country when a small boy and resided first in the city of New York, and later in Pennsylva- nia, where he engaged in farming during his active life and dying there in 1845, the y ear of the birth of his son, M. H. Murphy. The mother also in Pennsylvania passed all the years of her active life where she was married. She survived her husband for many years and died in 1888, being buried at Binghamton, N. Y. The subject of this sketch grew to man- hood in his native state, and received his early education in its public schools. At the early age of fifteen years he left home and secured employment in the lumbering business, in which he continued for a number of years in Penn- sylvania. Leaving the state of his nativity in 1847 he came to the then territory of Wyo- ming ; this was in the early days of civilization, and he was among the first band of the pion- eers within its lowly borders. Securing em- ployment on the line of the Union Pacfiic Rail- road, then being constructed through that coun- try, he remained in its employment for a number of years. In 1871 he came to Lar- amie, Wyoming, and soon thereafter established himself as a wholesale and retail liquor dealer, in which business he has continued to the pres- ent writing (1902). From the first he prospered and is now numbered one of the substantial property owners of Laramie. Ever foremost in matters of public enterprise, law-abiding and energetic, he has the respect of all classes of people, and is one of the best citizens of the community where, he maintains his home. In 1873," Mr. Murphy was united in marriage with Miss May Fee, a native of Ireland who came to America with her parents from their native country when a small child. She died on May 30, 1898, and was buried at Laramie. Seven children were born to bless the home life of Mr. and Mrs. Murphy, namely: Thomas, deceased; Kate; Nellie; James; Edward; John; George. This worthy couple were exceptionally happy in their home, which was a center for a generous and kindly hospitality which they delighted to dispense to their large circle of friends. Po- litically, Mr. Murphy is a stanch adherent of the Democratic party and his life has been active and prominent in the councils of that po- litical organization. Before the admission of Wyoming as a state he served one term in the Territorial Legislative Assembly, there making a most creditable record. Fraternally, he belongs to the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and also to the Ancient Order of United Workmen, taking an enthusiastic interest in all measures calculated to promote the fraternal life of Lara- mie and being a prominent and a representative citizen. GUY H. NEWELL. One of the progressive and prosperous young ranch and stockmen of Albany county, Wyoming, resides . at Spring Hill, in that county, where he is successfully engaged in the business of raising cattle and horses at his ranch in Horseshoe Park, situated about thirty-five miles south of Douglas, Wyoming, being none other than Guy H. Newell, who was born on October 19, 1875, in Black Hawk county, Iowa, the son of Harrison J. and Sarah J. (Benham) Newell, natives of Ohio. His parents removed from their native state to Iowa during the early days of white settlement -vest of the Mississippi River, and were among the earliest pioneers of that section of Iowa, where his father followed the occupations of farming and stockraising first in Louisa county and later in Black Hawk county, where he remained busily employed in that pursuit until 1880. when he removed his family to the then territory of Wyoming and engaged in mining for a short time, and then entered upon the prosperous occupation of ranching and the raising of livestock, in which he is still engaged at Horseshoe Park. Guy H. Newell came from his native state of Iowa with his parents in 1880 and grew to manhood in Wyoming; receiving here his early education, and after the completion of his schooling he remained at the paternal home assisting his fa- ther in the management of his- properly until 1897, when he took up the ranch he now owns PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 407 and occupies on a tributary of the Labonte Creek, in Albany county, adjoining his father's place and there devoted himself to the business of raising cattle. He has succeeded in his venture, and is looked upon as one of the rising young stockmen of that part of the county. By hard work, perseverance and careful atten- tion to the smallest details of his business, he is rapidly forging to the front and is destined to become one of the representative cattlemen and property owners of the county. On July 10, 1900, Mr. Newell was married at Douglas, in the state of Wyoming, to Miss Myrtle Chap- man, a native of Wyoming and a daughter of Leon and Mattie (Newell) Chapman, natives of Missouri. The parents of Mrs. Newell re- moved their residence from their native state in 1880 to Wyoming, where they now reside, being classed among the most respected cit- izens of their section of the state. Mr. and Mrs. Newell have one child, Sarah A. Their home is one of the pleasantest and most hos- pitable in Horseshoe Park and the family is held in high esteem. Politically, Mr. Newell is a stanch member of the Democratic party, and is actively interested in the public welfare. He is an energetic and enterprising young business man, destined to take a leading part in the business and political life of his section. MARCUS A. NEWELL, M. D. One of the leading and favorite physicians of Sheridan, Wyoming, is Marcus A. Newell, M. D., who was born in Saratoga county, N. Y., on September 8, 1866, a son of James and Julia A. (Sullivan) Newell, also natives of Saratoga county. His grandfather, David Newell, was born in Ireland, who on coming to America settled at Saratoga Springs, N. Y., and he passed the re- mainder of his life engaged in, farming in Sara- toga county, and there died at the age of seventy- five years. James Newell, the father of Doctor Newell, was also a farmer in Saratoga county, and there died in 1891, when sixty-eight years old. He had three brothers who served in the Civil War, two of whom are still living-, and there were eleven children in the family. Doctor Newell's mother was born in Saratoga county, N. Y., her parents being natives of Ireland, where her father, J. P. Sullivan, was born in Dublin and there highly educated in the celebrated Uni- versity of Dublin, becoming one of the most noted historians of his day and also very prominent in public affairs. His family consisted of one son, J. P., Jr., and three daughters. J. P., Jr., also being a distinguished public person and for six vears he was an U. S. Consul in France under President Grant's administration. Doctor Mar- cus A. Newell passed his youthful days on the home farm, rendering such service as he then was capable of performing, and attending the public schools, and the education he there obtained was supplemented by further study at the Academy for Young Men at Saratoga, from which he was graduated in 1886 at the head of his class, being awarded a special prize for Latin. In the fall of 1887 he entered the medical department of Co- lumbia University in New York City and was therefrom graduated in June, 1890, being among the first ten in a class of 150. During this period of study he spent eighteen months in the Roose- velt Hospital, out-patient department, as an un- der-graduate receiving this appointment in con- sideration of his high standing in his class. His vacations he had passed at Saratoga Springs in the offices of Charles S. Grant, M. D., assisting that eminent practitioner and devoting all his available spare time to study. After graduating Dr. Newell leased the Saratoga Sanitarium, which he conducted during the summer of 1890, during the same fall he came to Wyoming under con- tract with the Umion Pacific Railroad as physi- cian -to the mining camp at Hanna, where he re- mained eighteen months and was transferred to Salt Lake City, Utah, as assistant surgeon. But the Doctor was not pleased with this selection and resigned his position in November, 1892, came to Sheridan, Wyo., in 1893 and was appointed sur- geon of the Burlington Railroad, an office he re- signed in 1897 to enter upon the practice of his profession, in which he rapidly secured a lu- crative patronage and is now holding the largest clientele of any physician in the city, standing pre- 4o8 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. eminent as a surgeon. He is practically the ex- aminer for all the oldline life insurance compan- ies that do business in this section of the country, but his private practice is in itself sufficient to keep him full employed. He keeps fully abreast of the progress made in modern surgery, has great faith in the use of the Roentgen treatment, and has the only X-ray instrument in the state. He was joined in marriage on June 15, 1895, with Beal Leaventon of Pennsylvania, a daugh- ter of the late James Leaventon, a pioneer and prominent business man of Sheridan, who was a leading factor in the development of Northwest- ern Wyoming and died in 1896. One child has blessed this marriage, Marjorie A. The Doctor is largely identified with the fraternal societies of Wyoming as a master mason and has filled some very high positions in other organizations, being a past chancellor commander of the Knights of Pythias and also a past exalted ruler of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, and, po- litically, he is an active Republican and has ably served as county health officer and occupied the position of assistant surgeon on the staff of Gov- ernor Richards, being also a staff officer of the Wyoming National Guard. The Doctor is very public-spirited and takes great interest in the prevailing industry of the country and is the principal stockholder in the Sheridan Sheep Co. ; he is also one of the chief stockholders of the Wessick Mercantile Co., of Sheridan. CHALMERS C. NORWOOD. The genial, courteous and accomplished super- intendent and principal of the schools of Eyans- ton, Wyoming, Prof. C. C. Norwood is a native of the- state of Alabama, having first seen the light there in 1853, in what was then Pike county, but is now known as Bullock county. He knows but little of his parents, his mother dying when he was an infant of a few months and his father when be was only a child. His father, Joseph Norwood, was a native of Georgia and died a valiant soldier in the Civil War in the Con- federate service. His mother, Sarah (Munn) Norwood, was a native of South Carolina, whence she moved to Alabama on her marriage to sur- vive only a few months. Her remains are bur- ied at Perot, Ala. Chalmers C. Norwood was reared by his maternal grandparents and was educated in Davidson college, N. C, and in the Johns Hopkins University of Baltimore, Md., from whence he was graduated in 1878. For two years he was a professor in Davidson College and in the Agricultural College of Maryland he occupied a professor's chair for four years. He entered the Department of the Interior of the United States under President Harrison and was an examiner in the U. S. patent-office for five years. Following this he went to Utah and taught in the New Jersey Academy at Logan for two years and in the Agricultural College one year. After that he came to Evanston, Wyo., and here he has been the superintendent and principal of the schools for the last four years, serving with great credit to himself and ex- treme satisfaction to his fellow citizens and his associates in the work of educating the young. A man of learning and ability, he enforces precept by example. He is a man of fine manners and of practical accomplishments as well, being a highly valued member of the State Board of Edu- cation. Mr. Norwood and his wife, with whom he married in 1889, are members of the Presby- terian church. They have one child, a daughter, named Helene. Mrs. Norwood was Mary Tut- hill, a native of New Jersey, and a daughter of Captain Benjamin C. and Margaret (Harrison) Tuthill. She comes of good Revolutionary stock as is evidenced by her membership in the Daugh- ters of the American Revolution. Her great- great-grandfather, Christopher VanDeventer and his seven sons were able soldiers in the Con- tinental army of the Revolution, one of the seven being the great-grandfather of Mrs. Norwood. Indeed the family has always given of its best talent and wealth to the country. Mrs. Nor- wood's own father was a sea captain, following the waves until his retirement from active life. During the Civil War his vessel, the John Lin- thall. was in the service of the U. S. Govern- ment and he was a participant in the Burnside expedition. PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 409 . EUGENE D. NORTON. The Nortons have ever been conspicuous in connection with Massachusetts and Amer- ican history from the first days of the old Bay Colony, members of the name holding- public office in every generation and being represented in the early French and Indian wars, the Rev- olutionary period and in every contest waged by the United States from that time to the pres- ent; while in professional and scholastic life and as learned representatives of the law, the family has ever been in distinct evidence. The paternal ancestors of E. D. Norton located in Western New York in the first quarter of the nineteenth century as pioneer settlers of that section, David Norton, his grandfather passing his entire life from a young man as a farmer at Wales Center, in Erie county, while his father, E. S. Norton, was a prominent merchant of the same county, taking a leading part in public matters and for several years he was a member of the board of supervisors of this important county, of which the great city of Buffalo is the county seat. E. D. Norton was born at Wales Center, Erie county, N. Y., on March 10, 1861, the son of E. S. and Matilda (Weaver) Norton. He received a thorough academic education at the State Academy at East Aurora, then entered him- self as a student of law in the office of those leading lights of the legal fraternity of Buffalo, Messrs. Hawkins and Gibbs, under whose com- petent instruction and through his industrious studies he succeeded in mastering the founda- tions of legal principles as applied in the laws of New York, and also the necessary technical instruction incident to knowledge of the law, making such progress that he very easily passed the requisite examinations entitling him to admission to the bar before he was of age, being precluded on that account from receiving the desired certificate. In 1882 he migrated to South Dakota, where he was soon admitted to practice at Plankinton, and he there established an office and engaged in legal practice, his ser- vices being in demand from the first, and a representative clientage soon attaching itself to him. For twelve years he held a leading po- sition before the courts of Aurora and adjacent counties, holding the esteem of the jurists and the members of the bar by his frank and cour- teous demeanor, his legal abilities and his suc- cess as an advocate. From 1887 to 1889 he was the prosecuting attorney of Fall River county, and his fitness for official place and du- ties were often recognized in the conventions of his party by his nomination to various of- fices of honor and trust, but, as he was a Dem- ocrat in an overwhelming Republican section, his defeats came as expected occurrences, he sharing the fate of the other nominees on the same ticket. He was particularly active, how- ever, in the Democratic cause in both state and national politics, often being a member of the State Central Committee. In 1894 he came to Casper, Wyo., and has been in continual prac- tice of his profession unto the present writing, from 1897 to 1899 holding the office of prose- cuting attorne)'', and he has built up a fine and lucrative practice, being also a forceful factor in the movements of the Democratic party of the state and a member of the State Democratic Committee. In the fall of 1902 he was the Dem- ocratic candidate for judge of the Second Ju- dicial District, at the polls reducing the usual Republican majority of 1700 to 300, but failing of election. Mr. Norton is thoroughly a lawyer. He had from the hand of nature the material requisite for the outcome of the actual lawyer and man that he appears today. But that did not make him such a man. His ready mastery of the facts constituting the case, his thorough un- derstanding of the law involved, his quick ap- prehension, his keen discrimination, his clear and pointed processes of logical reasoning, his fertility and aptness of illustration, are proof sufficient that he has not happened into what he is, but that he has developed as the result of a definite purpose early formed and pursued with a most rigorous persistence, by study, by painstaking discipline and the cultivation re- quisite for the attainment of such a result and his present standing is only the symmetrical se- quel of the laws governing human development. 4io PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. On June I, 1887 Miss Sadie Eaton, a native of Hillsdale, Mich., and Mr. Norton were wedded, her family residing at Hot Springs, South Da- kota, at the time of the marriage. They have had three children, Eugene (deceased), Donald and Arthur. Mr. Norton is evidently a broth- erhood man, belonging as he does to the Ma- sonic fraternity, the Woodmen of the World, and the W. of W. G. From his extensive range of acquaintance and the popularity all members of his family enjoy it may easily be adduced that a bounteous hospitality prevails in his attract- ive home, which is one of the extremely pleas- ant residences of the city. CHARLES W. NYLEN. A prominent citizen and stockman of Con- verse county, Wyoming, Charles W. Nylen, whose address is Orin, in that state, is a native of Sweden and was born on March 18, 1855, the son of Gustaf and Annet (Landquist) Ny- len, both natives of that country. The father was a minister of the gospel in Sweden and con- tinued in that profession up to the time of his decease in 1893. The mother survived until 1902, when she passed away on the 20th day of January, and both of the parents lie buried in Sweden. Charles W. Nylen passed his early years in his native land and. there received his academic training in the schools of the vicinity of his bovhood's home. When he had attained to the age of fifteen years, the spirit of adven- ture led him to leave school and seek his for- tune in the New World. So he set out for America and upon his arrival here in 1870 he located in Chicago for a short time, then went to the city of St. Paul, Minn., one month later going to the city of Duluth, where he secured employment in a hotel for about three months, and at the end of that time securing a po- sition on the Northern Pacific Railroad, which he held for a short time. He then held a po- sition on a farm near Rochester, Minn., until the spring of 1871 when from Winona he, in company with another young man, took a boat down the Mississippi River as far as the city of Fulton, 111. From this place they went to Chicago, and about two weeks later continued on to Burlington, la., where he secured employment on a farm for a short time and then engaged in harvesting in the southern portion of Minneso- ta, completing the season near St. Paul. After this he became a brakeman on the Northern Pacific Railroad and remained in that employ- ment until 1873. In October of that year, he went to work for the U. S. government as a teamster at Fort Abercrombie, N. D., and in 1874 he was early transferred to Camp Carlin, Wyoming, and had charge of an outfit of mules and wagons for the use of General Crook's ex- pedition against the Sioux and Cheyenne Indians who were then on the warpath. He remained in the employ of the government until 1878 and during that time served as the messenger for the quartermaster at Camp Carlin. In 1879, he be- came clerk for the sutler at Camp Carlin and remained in that occupation up to 1881, in the spring of which year, he removed to Denver, where he opened and conducted a restaurant for about three months. He then disposed of that business and came to Cheyenne, Wyoming, soon accepting an offer to take charge of a merchandis- ing establishment at Hartville, Wyo., and he was engaged in the management of that enterprise for about one year and then resigned to engage in business for himself. In the winter of 1882 he opened a store in Hartville, as a dealer in gen- eral merchandise. He conducted this busi- ness with varying success until 1885, when he disposed of it to advantage and in the spring of 1886 came to the Platte River and took up his present ranch, situated about two miles southeast of Orin Junction, Wyo. Here he has continued in the occupation of cattleraising since that time, meeting with marked success and being now the owner of a fine ranch and a large herd of cattle, and he is adding to his business from year to year. In July, 1879, Mr. Nylen was united in wedlock with Miss Mary E. Butler, a native of New Jersey and a daughter of Thomas and Elisa Butler, natives of Ireland. Her father during the Civil War served as a soldier in the Thirty-ninth New Tersev Infantry. Soon after the PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 411 war was- over, he enlisted in the Fourteenth U. S. Infantry, was stationed in Arizona, and here while engaged on escort duty he was killed by the Indians. After the death of the father the family removed to California, where they resided for a short time and in 1869 came to -Cheyenne, Wyo. The city was then in its infancy composed principally of tents. Subsequently the family re- moved to Omaha, where they remained until 1874, when they again returned to Wyoming where they still reside. The mother died on No- vember 6, 1891, and at the time of her decease she was making her home with her daughter at the ranch on the Platte River, and there she is buried. Mr. and Mrs. Nylen have had six chil- dren, Alice G., Charles P., Gustaf E., George, James R. and Thomas L., all now living except George, who died in 1888, at the age of four years and six months, and was buried near their home. Politically, Mr. Nylen is identified with the Republican party, active in the local councils of that political organization. He has often been requested by his party friends and associates to become a candidate for public office, but has con- sistently declined to do so, preferring to give his entire time and attention to the management of his private interests. The family is held in the highest respect and esteem. ALEXANDER NISBET. This worthy and industrious citizen of Evans- ton, Wyoming, was born at Knightshood, Dum- barton, Scotland, on January 27, 1865, the son of Alexander and Isabella Nisbet, natives of Scotland. The father came to the United States in 1830 but returned to Scotland in his latter days and died there on November 28, 1887, where his remains lie buried at Maryhill. In 1890 his widow returned to America and re- mained about three years, once more making an ocean voyage on her return to Scotland where she abided for a time but quitted it again for America in 1900, since when she has made her home in Salt Lake City. Alexander Nisbet, of this review, received his early education in Scotland and there gave diligent heed and atten- tion to the occupation of a miner. Coming to the United States in October, 1888, he located for a time in Wellston, Ohio, whence he came to Almy, Wyo., where he engaged first in coal- mining, and later, and for the last three years of his stay, as a coalweigher. In politics he is a Democrat, and from his capability for the place he was appointed deputy county clerk un- der James Brown in 1895, and he has con- scientiously held the place from that time on the present writing. He was married on June 24, 1892, with Miss Maggie Campbell, a native of Scotland and a prominent member of the Cnurch of Latter Day Saints, and by this mar- riage four children have been born, Alexander, Matthew, Maggie and James. The last named died in September, 1900, being buried at Ev anston, Wyoming. MRS. MARTHA A. SACKETT. Mrs. Martha A. Sackett, widow of the late John H. Sackett whose untimely death in 1893 at the early age of forty-eight years, four months and twenty days cut short a career of great ac- tivity and usefulness and was universally de- plored, is a native of Illinois being a daughter of Silas and Betsey A. (Wooley) Burd, natives of Peru, N. Y., and early emigrants to Illinois, in which state Mrs. Sackett grew to womanhood, and on March 15, 1871 was united in marriage with John H. Sackett, also a native of the Em- pire state. The very next year they left the blan- dishments of civilization and all its comforts be- hind them, to become pioneers on the frontier of Nebraska. For three years they wrestled -with fate in that state and for three more in Colorado. In 1878 they came to Wyoming and settled at Cheyenne, in 1880 taking up their residence in Sheridan county, adjoining the site of the pres- ent town of Bighorn, which they founded and nursed through its infancy. They here took up a homestead and engaged in farming, and also erected and operated a saw and shingle mill and a planer. These were the first enterprises of the kind in the county and Mr. Sackett was in fact the first in many good movements for the benefit 412 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. of this part of the state. On his farm was held the first industrial and stock exhibit or fair in Wyoming, he started the first school in Sheridan county, he was one of the organizers and the first president of Wyoming College located at Bighorn, and was the president of the first coal- mining company in the state, while Mrs. Sackett was interested in the organization and manage- ment of the first creamery in the county. He be- longed to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and helped to organize the first Wyoming lodge of the order. He was also an enterprising mer- chant and for years was engaged in merchan- dising in partnership with Charles Skinner at Bighorn. Since his death, which occurred in 1899 when all his faculties were in full vigor and his usefulness to the community was great and constant in many lines of activity, his widow, who shared in all of his trials and triumphs, and who was closely associated with him in all of his diversified undertakings, has carried on the farm and has also kept the business of the stock industry going in the same full vigor and on the same high standard of excellence in material and methods that he had reached with it. The farm comprises about 800 acres and has a good quality of land with sufficient variety to give ample rang'e for the stock and ample food for their winter maintenance. It is well im- proved with good buildings and is equipped with all the needed appurtenances for conducting its operations with enterprise and success. Of the seven children born to the family six are living : Lee, in the employ of the U. S. government at Manila, holding membership in the OddFellows Lodge at Bighorn; Carl L., a graduate of the State University of Ohio, receiving the degree of B. L. On June 19, 1901, he was admitted to the bar of the Supreme Court of Ohio, in Janu- ary, 1902, admitted to practice in the courts of Oklahoma, in February, 1903, admitted to the bar of Wyoming. He is now the junior member of the law-firm of Metz & Sackett at Sheridan, the leading law-firrh in practice in Northern Wyoming; Ursula J., married to T. J. Gatchell of Buffalo, Wyo., was a graduate of the Wyo- ming College and one of the leading teachers of the state for several years thereafter; Clyde E. ; Hugh O.; Ross R. One other child, Loren E., is deceased. The children who are living at home assist in conducting all the business of the ranch which includes, in addition to the farming interests, the care of a fine herd of cattle and an increasing drove of good horses. This business is carried on with great system and care and is eminently successful, Mrs. Sack- ett justifying in her management of it the ex- pectations that were raised when she took hold of it and the encomiums that have been passed up- on her skill since then. She fully understands the business and puts her knowledge to active practical use in every detail of its various and exacting phases. She also stands high in social circles and assists in much unobtrusive charity. HON. THOMAS D. O'FLYNN. Descended from distinguished lines of Irish and Scotch ancestry, who bore their part well in all the relations of life wherever they lived and contributed to the advancement of their countrv in many ways in both civil and military life, Judge Thomas D. O'Flynn of Evanston, Wyo- ming, has been true to the traditions of his fam- ily and exemplified in his own career the best features of its history. He was born on June 15, 1844, in the province of Ontario, Canada, the son of John L. and Nancy (Murdoch) O'Flynn, the former a native of Ireland and the latter of Can- ada. The father followed teaching for thirty years in his native country and upon retiring from that vocation was elected mayor of Belle- ville, the county-seat and most considerable city of County Hastings, where he died in 1862. The paternal grandfather of the Judge was born in Ireland and emigrated to America in his young manhood, locating in Canada and after a long and successful career in business there, returned to the land of his birth to die. The maternal grand- father was born and passed his life engaged in active pursuits in Scotland, dying there at a good old age. Judge O'Flynn came into the United States at the age of eighteen, and en- listed in Co. B, Ninth N. Y. Heavy Artillery in PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 413 the Union army, and rendered good soldierly ser- vice to the land of his adoption from 1862 to September 29, 1865, when he was mustered out in command of Co. I, Second N. Y. Regiment, having entered the service as a private and risen to this position by promotion for meritorious con- duct and gallantry. He was in General Mc- Kinley's brigade and saw active and arduous ser- vice, participating in more than a dozen serious engagements, among them Cold Harbor, James River (Seven Days Fight), Winchester and the battles around Petersburg and Richmond up to Lee's surrender. At the battle of Winchester he was severely wounded. After the close of the war he returned to Canada and engaged in the retail grocery business at Colborne and was twice elected mayor of the town. In 1883 he came to Wyoming and, locating at Evanston, en- tered the employ of Beckwith & Quinn, grocers, with whom he remained two years. He then formed a partnership with one Waynick, and they as O'Flynn & Waynick conducted a retail grocery for two years. In 1890 and in 1900 he was U. S. census enumerator and in November of the latter year was made the county judge of Uinta county, being designated soon after by the city council of Evanston to serve the city as police justice. In politics he is a Republican, deeply imbued with the principles of the party. He is active in its service and his judgment is highly appreciated in its councils. He belongs to the /Grand Army of the Republic, being also the local adjutant of Post No. 53 of the Depart- ment including Colorado and Wyoming. He was married in 1870 in Ontario, Canada, to Miss Maggie Lutman, a daughter of John and Eliza- beth (Spencer) Lutman, natives of the province and both now resting beneath its sod. Mrs. O'Flynn died in 1887 and her remains were bur- ied beside those of her parents. She left two children, John L. a barrister at law at Sault Ste. Marie, Canada, and Blanche, who lives with her uncle, a prominent banker of Ontario. In the land of his adoption Judge O'Flynn is thor- oughly domesticated. He is firmly attached to its institutions and cordially interested in its wel- fare, being patriotic in all respects and exhibiting the best traits of American citizenship. GRANT SAFELY., M. D. Of sturdy Scotch lineage, but himself a true son of the West, his birth occurring at Boulder, Colo., on May 9, 1869, Doctor Safely has had an eventful career and has shown the characteristics of the family for adventure and pioneer life, but he is now located at Douglas, Wyomnig, busily occupied in attending to a large and representa- tive medical and surgical practice which has come to him from his superior skill, knowledge and ability, and, as he stands well upon the list of the. reputable practitioners and surgeons, a record of himself and somewhat of his ancestry is here- with presented. The Safelys of Scotland have been prominent as skillful machinists, so when Thomas Safely of Edinburg, a grandson of Wil- liam Safely and son of Robert, emigrated, it was only natural that he should make Cohoes, N. Y., the terminal point of his journey. Re- maining in this brisk manufacturing city for ten years, he removed thence to Iowa, and here we will mention a strange fact. He had four brothers and four sisters and the five sons, Thom- as, John, James, William and Andrew, all located near Cedar Rapids and became known as the "Safelys of Sugar Grove." Not far from them were located five brothers and five sisters named Safely, who came also from Scotland but were scions of a different branch of the same ancestral tree, and these were the "Safelys of Red Oak." The Sugar Grove Safelys were pioneers in all that the term implies, they wrought at the dif- ferent industries that prosper in a new country (Thomas being a blacksmith as well as a farmer), became owners of fine estates and grew old after lives of good repute, the great-grandmother of the Doctor attaining the age of 104 years: Thomas Safely died at the age of seventy-eight. His son Alexander Fenwick, born at Waterford, N. Y., on June 30, 1841, left Sugar Grove at the age of nineteen in i860 for the West, taking the first stamp-mill erected in Boulder county, Colo., with him on his long and hazardous journey across the plains with an ox-team. He engaged in mining in Colorado until 186 1 when he en- listed in the Union army at Central City, in Co. H, First Colorado Infantrv, which later became 4 i4 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. the First Colorado Cavalry. With this organiza- tion he assisted in preventing the invasion of the territory by Confederate Texans and also had hostile Indians to contend with. His regiment delivered Colonel Canby when he was besieged at Fort Craig, N. M. and drove the Texans out of the country. Mr. Safely was then made chief of scouts and he was the only man of two regi- ments who possessed sufficient courage to -volun- teer as a bearer of dispatches from Denver to Fort Union. He made three of these perilous trips, the distance between the points being 350 miles, had many thrilling experiences and nar- row escapes and on his safe return from his third trip was complimented by the colonel, who said that he was the bravest man he ever met and re- fused to allow him to make the trip again. Mr. Safely then volunteered to perform another dan- gerous service, that of locating the camp of the hostile Indians, and after fourteen days of ad- venture he found them at Sand Creek, ninety niiles below Denver. Reconnoitering the Indian village he rode to Denver and at six o'clock in the evening of the day of his arrival he was again in the saddle as the guide of his regiment. At daybreak the village was attacked and by noon 800 of the savages were dead. This was in 1864 and no more trouble was given by Indians for many months. Being mustered out of ser- vice at the close of hostilities as a second lieuten- ant, he made his home in Boulder, where he now resides, an honored citizen, engaged in mining and serving as postmaster from 1884 to 1889. By his marriage with Miss Jennie Anderson, a native of Pittsburg, Pa., he had two sons, of whom the Doctor was the eldest. When fifteen years old the Doctor entered the Highland Military , Academy of Worcester, Mass., there- after matriculating at the University of Colo- rado at Boulder, here taking a special technical course of study preparatory to a medical course, then he became a student of the Colorado School of Medicine, the medical department of the Uni- versity, after taking a two-years' course here re- moving to Nicaragua, Central America, where he passed two years in medical practice, thence re- turning; to Boulder and matriculating' in the School of Medicine for a three-years' course, two years of which time were given to hospital prac- tice as house surgeon, securing also the honors of his class by an average percentage in his studies of 93.6. After his graduation in 1900 he located at Osceola, Wyo., as surgeon for the Ferris-Haggarty Mining Co., removing .to Doug- las in April, 1901, where he is now in successful practice, also being the medical examiner of the Mutual Life and the Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Companies. He has acquired a fine reputation as a surgeon, having performed some very delicate and successful operations in abdom- inal surgery. During his student life at Boulder the Doctor raised a company of seventy-eight men for service in the Spanish-American War, but as the quota Of the state was full it was transformed into the National Guard, the Doctor being chosen captain and resigning the office after one year's service. He was also three years in the post- office of Boulder, one year in the U. S. Railway Mail Service, one year in the surveyor general's office and a deputy assessor for four vears. The Doctor enjoys a high degree of popularity, and is affiliated with the Masonic fraternity and with the Modern Woodmen of America, of which he is examining surgeon. THOMAS B. SANDERCOCK. In the daily laborious struggle for an honor- able competence and a successful career on the part of the average business or professional man. there is little to attract the reader in search of a sensational chapter. But to the mind thor- oughly awake to the reality and meaning of hu- man life there are many noble and imperishable lessons in the career of an individual, who, with- out other means than a clear head, strong arms and true heart, directed and controlled by devout principle and sound judgment, conquers ad- versity and finally wins, not only pecuniary re- ward, but, what is of far greater value, the re- spect and confidence of those with whom his ac- tive vears have brought him in contact. Such an individual was the late Thomas B. Sander- cock of Fort Laramie, whose honorable career PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 415 as man and citizen reflected credit upon himself and family and added to the good name of the place of his residence. Mr. Sandercock was a native of Wayne county, Pa., where his birth occurred on April 12, 1844. His parents, George and Mary (Bellamy) Sandercock, were born in England and came to America in the early forties, settling in the above county and state, where the father engaged in agricultural pur- suits. George Sandercock met with fair success as a farmer,, earned the reputation of an honor- able citizen and after a long and useful career departed this life in 1885 and his widow is still living on the Pennsylvania homestead, having reached a ripe old age with the retrospect of a well-spent life behind her. Thomas B. Sander- cock was reared to farm labor, early became familiar with the varied phases of agriculture and remained under the parental roof until his marriage, which was solemnized on September 5, 1867, with Miss Hattie A. Schenck, a native of the same county in which he first saw the light of day. After his marriage he engaged in farming and in connection therewith operated a sawmill, meeting with encouraging success both as a tiller of the soil and a manufacturer of lum- ber. Subsequently, about 1871, in partnership with a brother, he opened a store in the town of Ariel, Wayne county, and was thus engaged for five years when failing health obliged him to dis- continue sedentary life and seek a more whole- some and congenial clime. Accordingly in 1879 Mr. Sandercock disposed of his interest in the firm and came to Wyoming, locating first near Cheyenne, where he embarked' in the sawmilling business and also dealt in lumber. In 1881 he was joined by his family in Cheyenne and one year later he went to Utah to purchase cattle, leaving his wife and children in the city. On his return he stopped at Fort Laramie and was there offered the position of engineer in a large saw- mill, which commanding a liberal salary he saw fit to accept. In due time his family removed to Fort Laramie and from 1882 to his death he con- tinued his duties as an engineer, providing well for those depending on him, besides laying up a comfortable surplus for future contingencies. Mr. Sandercock was a man of energy and pos- sessed sound judgment and business ability of of no mean order. He discharged worthily every duty coming within his sphere, enjoyed the es- teem of his employes and all others with whom he mingled, and his death, which occurred on December 20, 1886, was an event greatly deplored in the city of his residence. Fraternally, he was an active member of the Masonic brotherhood, belonging to the lodge at Salem, Pa., in which he was inducted into the mysteries of the order when a young man. Mrs. Sandercock is the daughter of John H. and Mary (Hoel) Schenck, both parents natives of Wayne county, Pa., and descendants of German immigrants who settled in that part of the Keystone State prior to the Revolution period. The Schencks and Hoels were represented in the War of Independence, members of both families joining the Colonial army at the breaking out of the struggle, fighting bravely and gallantly until the British and their hirelings were forever driven from the land. John H. Schenck was a farmer and fol- lowed that useful calling with varied success until his death in 1876; his wife survived him until 1883 when she too entered into rest. The former is buried near the old family home in Pennsyl- vania, but the latter sleeps in the cemetery at Fort Laramie, having been an inmate of her daughter's household at the time of her death. Since the death of her husband Mrs. Sander- cock has lived at Fort Laramie looking after her children's interests, superintending their educa- tion and managing their business affairs in an able and most praiseworthy manner. When Fort. Laramie was dismantled and abandoned she purchased her present home and at the open- ing of the reservation filed on land which has since greatly increased in value. Her sons also took up claims and, with an eye to each other's interests, they have mutually cooperated until they are now in affluent circumstances, owning over 1,000 acres of land, on which they have a large number of cattle. In keeping their children together and bending all of her energies in the direction of their benefit, Mrs. Sandercock has displayed wisdom and forethought as rare as 416 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. they are admirable, and the success the sons have achieved in their various undertakings is directly attributable to her wisely-directed efforts in their behalf. She not only possesses business abilities of a high order but a beautiful moral character, which, with her many other admir- able qualities, have won her many warm friends among the best social circles of the city and made her popular with all classes and conditions of people. The following are the names of the children : George, Mary A., William M., Thomas E., Otis A., Stella G., Florence S., C. Meade. EDWIN J. SMALLEY. To the subject of this review, Edwin J. Smalley, belongs the distinctive honor of being the first child born in Cheyenne, his parents Benjamin H. and Mary J. Smalley, having been the first couple to enter the marriage relation within the present limits of the city. The father was a native of New York and the mother, who carried the maiden name of Mary J. Castle, was born in Pennsylvania, both of them coming west in 1867. Edwin J. was born on June 27, 1868, and with little exception his life has been very closely interwoven with the history of his native town. After attending the public schools until his eighteenth year and acquiring a practical educa- tional discipline, he accepted a clerkship in the grocer}' house of A. C. Snyder, where he re- mained one and one-half years. Severing his con- nection with that gentleman, Mr. Smalley then passed two years in the grocery business with E. H. Lenby and at the expiration of that time he entered the employ of G. W. Stanley, a grocer with whom he remained until the stock passed into the hands of Mr. E. S. John- son, when he accepted a similar position with the latter party. After continuing five years with Mr. Johnson, Mr. Smalley effected , a co- partnership in the general grocery trade with C. M. Denmark, which, as Denmark & Smalley la steel one year, at the expiration of which time Mr. Smalley sold to his associate and accepted a lucrative post with the Union Mercantile Co. of Cheyenne. After remaining 1 in the wholesale de- partment of that large firm for five years, he was appointed sheriff of Laramie county to fill the unexpired term caused by the death of John P. Shaver, entering upon the discharge of his offi- cial duties on August 6, 1901. The year pre- vious he was the Republican nominee for sheriff against Mr. Shaver, but the county being reliably Democratic he failed of an election. Mr. Smalley is a gentleman of strong individuality, an accom- plished business man and has acceptably filled many important positions and ably discharged every duty coming within his sphere. His rec- ord since taking charge of the office which ht now so acceptably holds, has fully met the high expectations of his friends and the public, irre- spective of politics, although he is uncompromis- ingly a Republican and does ail within his power to promote the interests of his party. Mr. Smal- ley has been an eye-witness of the remarkable growth of his native place, and to the extent of his ability has ever contributed to the general advancement along all lines of commercial and industrial activity which has marked the city's prosperity. He is truly public spirited, takes an interest in all laudable enterprises and in many ways has been a factor in the progress which has characterized the last decade in this section of the state. He holds fraternal relations with the Knights of Pythias, Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and with the Woodmen of the World and for several years he was a member of Co. B, Wyoming National Guards. JOHN W. SCHUNEMAN. The treasurer of Laramie county. Wyoming, who has been twice elected to the responsible office he still so capably fills, John W. Schuneman was born on December 14, 1869, near Buffalo. N. Y., the second of the four children that graced the marriage of John H. and Effie (Wheelock) Schuneman, who were also natives of the Em- pire state. He received his preliminary education in the public schools of Boone, Iowa, from which he was advanced to the high school and after being graduated from the latter, was himself a teacher until he had attained the age of eighteen PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 417 years, when he became bookkeeper for various firms in Boone and Cheyenne, being an ac- countant of more than ordinary merit. His resi- dence in Cheyenne began in 1884, where his abil- ities were speedily recognized, his first election to the county treasurership by the Republicans taking place in 1898 and his second election to the same office occurring in 1900, his competent performance of duties during his first term de- terring the ' Democratic party from even nomi- nating a candidate against him. Fraternally he is a member of the Woodmen of the World, An- cient Free and Accepted Masons and the Benev- olent Protective Order of Elks. Mr. Schuneman was united in marriage in 1890 in Boone, Iowa, with Miss Lizzie Metcalf, who has borne him one child, Edgar. O. J. SMYTH. Born and reared on a farm in Illinois, rural life has from childhood been no novelty to O. J. Smyth of Sheridan and, being a pioneer in this state, among the earliest to settle on her soil, hav- ing come here in 1878, no phase of Wyoming life is unknown to him. In fact he is thoroughly identified with the history of this section of the country from the beginning of systematic efforts at settlement and development of its great re- sources. He is a native of Illinois, where he was born on December 30, 1854, and where his par- ents, Samuel and Mary (Jolley) Smyth, natives of Ireland and Illinois settled soon after his father's arrival in the United States. While he was yet quite young his mother died and he was left much to the care of strangers, thus early learning the lessons of self-reliance and indepen- dence which have been of great importance in his subsequent career. He was sent to school in the neighborhood of his father's farm, and when necessary worked on the farm until he grew to manhood. In 1878 he yielded to a longing which had possessed him for some years and sought a frontier life in Wyoming, locating near Fort Mc- Kinney, where he entered the employ of E. V. Snyder as posttrader, and later was employed by J. H. Conrad in the same capacity, holding the position six years. At the end of that period he went to Buffalo, this state, and for a short time was engaged in the livery business and later in the liquor business. Closing out the latter he settled on a farm near the town and conducted it and his livery business in Buffalo for two years. He then returned to Buffalo to live, but in 1894 moved to Sheridan and opened a furni- ture emporium, in which he now has one of the most extensive and best selected stocks in his line to be found in the Northwest. In connection with this establishment he conducts an active business as an undertaker and an embalmer at Buffalo. In both departments of his enterprise he is energetic, up-to-date and progressive, for nothing that public taste demands or personal convenience requires in his way is wanting to the completeness of his stock and equipment, and naught that the most progressive business methods involve is omitted from his management and mercantile spirit. Fraternally Mr. Smyth is connected with the Odd Fellows, the Elks, the Knights of Pythias, Modern Woodmen and the Royal Neighbors. In all of these his member- ship is active and serviceable, and in the affairs of his county in general he is foremost in sub- stantial aid for their advancement and improve- ment. He was married at Buffalo on February 23, 1883, to Miss Minnie V. Lomery, a native of California. They have had five children, Grace P., Carl H., Walter M., Clifford, deceased, and an infant also deceased. Mr. Smyth is a zealous member of the Old Settlers' Club and takes a prominent part in all its proceedings. This or- ganization, which is one of the social features of Sheridan, is also of great usefulness in a more practical way by collecting and preserving the record of past events and personal experiences relating to the early history of the county and state, which are fast fading from human recol- lection and would otherwise soon be entirely lost to the knowledge of men through the death of those who participated in them. To this work of the club Mr. Smyth contributes time and at- tention, and in it he takes a great interest. 4i* PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. CHARLES F. ROBERSON.. This extensive, progressive and prosperous proprietor of the Opal Stock Farm, at Opal, Wy- oming, is truly a self-made man, having attained a high degree of prosperity through his intelli- gent industry, far-seeing and sagacious methods of business. He is one of the finest types of suc- cessful stockmen, not only of the state, but of the entire Rocky Mountain region. Every foot of the way he has traveled, from a poor boy to the culmination of his life's work in the magnificent industrial enterprises wherewith he is connected, affords both incentive and example to other worthy young men struggling on the rough road of financial progress. Mr. Roberson was born in Livingston county, N. Y., on March 8, 1847, a son of Samuel O. and Mahala (Trimmer) Roberson, natives of New Jersey. The father, who was originally a millwright in the fertile wheatraising Genesee Valley of New York, later devoted his attention to farming and stockrais- ing. He was a well-educated, public spirited man, taking prominent part in the conduct of public matters of a local nature, being descended from intelligent English stock, domiciled on American soil from the days of the Mayflower. He traced his descent in a direct line from Jona- than Roberson, the original emigrant. After a long life of useful activity he died in 1864. His first wife, a faithful helpmeet, preceded him to the Silent Land, after which he consummated a second marriage. Charles F. Roberson was the second of three children, the brother, John T. Roberson. exemplifying his patriotism by a long and faithful service and in many a bloody action on southern battlefields as a gallant soldier of the Union army of the Civil War. He is now en- gaged in agricultural pursuits in New York. A sister, Jennie, rounded out the number, while a half-brother, William Roberson, is now deceased. Charles F. Roberson received his educational training in the excellent schools of Livingston county until his father's death, when commenced his personal connection with the business oper- ations of life. He diligently applied himself for two vears to farm work and then learned car- pentry, at which he became a skilled artisan, working steadily and consecutively at this trade in Chicago until 1876, coming then to Cheyenne, Wyoming, and following the same occupation in that city during the summer season, then becom- ing identified with the Union Pacific Railroad . and continuing in its employ as a carpenter until he came to Green River, where his skill was re- quired in the erection of the courthouse. In the spring of 1877 he came to the then unsur- veyed section of the state where is now his home, made a settlement on the creek and engaged in putting up hay. After the government survey of 1881 he located on his present place, and to his original acreage he has added until he has a magnificent estate of 5,500 acres in one body, 1,500 acres of it being rich bottom land. Here he has developed one of the finest properties in an extent of many miles, it being well improved with all the buildings and accessories necessary to the successful carrying out of his special branch of husbandry, the raising of fine herds of horses and cattle, and being provided with a modern residence of thirteen rooms, conven- iently arranged and supplied with the latest im- provements, while the same taste and enterprise is shown in the massive barns, yards, corrals, etc., with which the place is bountifully provided, the whole constituting a model stock farm. Mr. Roberson is here giving great discrimination and care to the elevation of the standard of his stock, steadily raising the quality of both his horses and his graded Hereford cattle, and is perform- ing a mission of value to the whole country by his earnest and intelligent efforts in this direc- tion, while yearly his flocks are assuming larger and larger proportions, and being of a better strain of blood. He has attained prosperity be- cause he is worthy of it, and no other result could come from his scientific methods, carried to a le- gitimate conclusion by careful attention to all departments and details of his domestic economy. He is the owner of another superior tract of land comprising 1,674 acres on Green River, at the month of Fontenelle Creek, and is also large- ly interested in. and the treasurer of the Wyo- ming - Hvdro-Carbon Co.. owning 2,000 acres of PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 419 coal, oil and gas land in the great fossil oil-fields of Wyoming. Although his domestic tastes are strong, and home is ever the dearest place on earth, still Mr. Roberson is a man of broad and generous public spirit, aiding and encouraging all objects for public improvements or private benefaction. His political affiliations are strong- ly with the Republican party and fraternally he is connected with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. On January 20, 1884, Mr. Roberson entered married life, selecting as his companion Miss Emma M. Wright, a daughter of James M. and Avis (Robinson) Wright, natives of Ver- mont, but for many years residents of Uinta county. They are now residing on Hams Fork, a few miles from the city of Kemmerer, being held in honor and esteem, not only on account of their many excellent qualities, but from the respect due to the old settlers. Mr. and Mrs. Roberson have had three children, Charles Opal, died on September 10, 1902 ; Avis P. and Oscar C. In their delightful home this charming fam- ilv dispenses a genial and a pioneer hospitality. GEORGE W. SNOW. Born at Lyme, Grafton county, N. H. on No- vember 20, 1853, Mr. George W. Snow, of Goldsmith, Wyoming, is the son of Elijah P. and Nancy (Quinty) Snow, both natives of New Hampshire and his forefathers for many generations have been natives of that state, where his father was a farmer during all the years of his long and active life. Retiring from active business in 1891, when nearly eighty years of age, he disposed of his property in New Hamp- shire and removed to Wyoming, where he has since made his home with his children there residing, passing the greater portion of his time at the home of his daughter, Mrs. E. Hawes. He is now (1902) ninety years of age and still in the enjoyment of good health. The lnother passed away in 1890 at the age of seventy-two years, and is buried in the old town of Lyme, N. H. George W. Snow grew to manhood, and received his early education in. Lyme, and after completing his course of academical training in 26 the schools of that place, remained with his par- ents until he had attained the age of twenty years. In 1874, he began life for himself and secured employment as a practical farmer in the vicinity of the parental home. Here he con- tinued for three years to work for wages, ac- quiring a thorough knowledge of agriculture, and carefully saving his earnings, with a view to engaging" in business at a later time on an in- dependent basis. Here he learned those habits of thrift, industry and economy which have char- acterized his subsequent career, and to which may be attributed most of the successes achieved in the business world of today. In the spring of 1877 -he removed from New Hampshire to the then territory of Wyoming, where his older brother, E. P. Snow, had already established his home, having come to the frontier at the time the Union Pacific Railroad was first in construc- tion. Here Mr. Snow secured employment on a ranch near Cheyenne and there remained for two and one-half years. In the fall of 1879, he pur- chased a small band of sheep and established himself on a ranch at the headwaters of Horse Creek, Wyo., the same property now owned by Mr. Charles Smith. He remained here about one year and in the fall of 1880 took up his present ranch on the Bear Creek, about fourteen miles south of Chugwater, on the old Fort Laramie stage road, there being a stage station and a transfer point on the ranch at that time. This was on the line of the famous Denver, Cheyenne and Fort Laramie overland trail, and was the main line of overland travel prior to the con- struction of a railroad. Here he continued suc- cessfully in the sheep and woolgrowing business, until 1885, when he disposed of his sheep hold- ings for a handsome sum and embarked in rais- ing draft horses and graded Hereford cattle. He has met with marked success and up to 1886, when the railroad was built through to the north- ward, he maintained a large stage station and road house on his ranch on Bear Creek. He has now 700 acres of patented land and holds lands under lease, his place being one of the finest and best-appointed stock ranches in the state. On October 30, 1882, Mr. Snow was 420 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. united in marriage to Miss Effie Sawyer, at the city of Cheyenne, Wyo. She also is a native of Lyme, N. H., and a daughter of Edmund and Elizabeth (Carpenter) Sawyer, the ' former a native of that state and the latter of Vermont. The father was a contractor and builder in Lyme, during all the years of his active life, and in 1889, he retired from all active business, with his wife then removing to Wyoming, to here make their home with Mr. and Mrs. Snow. Since then, with the sole exception of one year, when they returned east to visit at their former family home in New. Hampshire, the old people have resided with their daughter in Wyoming. On May 25, 1899, the mother died but the father is still living at an advanced age. Mrs, Snow's family has a distinguished history in the Colonial period of New England. Some of her forefathers came to Plymouth, Mass., in the Mayflower. The maternal ancestors of her father were Thompsons, who bore a prominent part during the early settlement of Massachu- setts. Of her father's paternal ancestors, five brothers of the Sawyer family settled on the Connecticut River during the earliest Colonial days and were among the prominent and in- fluential pioneers of their section of New Eng- land. Her mother's family, the Carpenters, were also prominent in Colonial clays, and her ances- tors on both her parental sides were participants in the Revolutionary War, her great-grandfather, Abel Sawyer, having been an army surgeon and her great-grandfather, John Thompson, being a colonel of one of the American regiments. Seven children have come to the home of Mr. and Mrs. Snow, Clyde M., Ralph E., Ernest H., Ethel G., LeRoy G., Florence M. and Elmer E., all of whom are living except Ethel, who died in infancy in July, 1893. Mr. and Mrs. Snow are active members of the Congregational church, and take a deep interest in the religious and charitable life of the community where they re- side. Politically, Mr. Snow is a stanch Repub- lican, and for many years he has taken a very active part in the public affairs of the state. He has been a member of the water commission of bis district ever since 1891 and for several years he has served as a justice of the peace for the township where he maintains his home. In 1898 he was elected as a member of the State Legislature, receiving the highest vote for that office of any one then elected in Wyoming. He served one term, making a most creditable rec- ord, and declined to become a candidate for a reelection. He is one of the foremost business men, as well as one of the most trusted leaders in public affairs, of the state. JACOB STAHLE. Now a retired citizen of Evanston, Wyoming. Jacob Stahle is a native of Switzerland, who was born near Berne on December 10, 1828. His father, a good man and born in 181 1, came to America in 1862, and met his death in the same year while on his way across the plains from St. Louis to Utah. His mother, who was Miss •Krise before her marriage, survived her husband only a few months, dying in Utah in the fall of 1862, being originally a member of the Eng- lish Lutheran church, but she joined the church of the Latter Day Saints in Utah before her death. Jacob Stahle was with his parents on the overland journey to L T tah, where he finally ar- rived with his mother. He took up fanning in that state and continued it for about two years, when he went to Idaho and farmed a small place for himself. It is now twenty-seven years since he moved thence and came to Evanston, Wyo., and engaged in sheepraising, a business in which he has been very successful. He now owns two sections of land and the comfortable home in Evanston in which he is now living in retirement with his wife and family; bis sons having the ability and the willingness to manage the ranch. Mr. Stahle was married in 1863 in Davis county. Utah, to Bertha Munc, a daughter of Henry and Margaret (Munc) Munc. Her parents were both born in 1805 in Switzerland and her mother died at the age of fifty, but her father lived to be seventy-five years old. He had been a suc- cessful commission merchant, a keen and practical man of business, but also a man of scholastic tendencies and great intelligence. Mr. and Mrs. PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 421 Stable are both members of the Church of Latter Day Saints and their union has borne fruit in a family of eight children, one of which died in infancy. The others are as follows : Emma ; Jacob, Jr., born in 1866, died in 1887 and buried in Evanston ; John ; Lula ; Eliza ; Henry ; Charles. Though now living a very quiet life in his retire- ment, Mr. Stable remembers man)- stirring in- cidents of the days of his pioneering and takes pride, as well he may, in recalling them. HON. WALTER R. STOLL. There are no specific rules for the building of character; neither are there infallible plans for the achievement of success. The man who can rise from the ranks to a position of eminence is the one who can see and utilize the opportunities at his command. Hon. Walter R. Stoll is one of the fortunate few who know how to mold cir- cumstances to suit their purposes and in the ab- sence of opportunities possess the power to create them at will. His life forcibly illustrates what can be accomplished by a young man actuated by a laudable ambition directed and controlled by correct motives. Few achieve success in more than one calling or profession and when the exception is found it is good evidence of ability of a very much higher order than is possessed by the bulk of the great majority. Wal- ter R. Stoll is of Eastern birth and combines in his mental attributes very many of the best elements of the New England life. His father, Moses Stoll, was a representative of an old New Jersey family and his mother, who bore the maiden name of Cornelia Riggs, was also a native of that state. These parents had a family of five children, Walter being the third in order of birth. He was born at Deckertown, N. J., on February 14, 1858, and received his preliminary educational discipline in the schools of his native place. That he made satisfactory advancement in his various studies is attested by the fact that at the early age of seventeen he was sufficiently qualified to pass the required examination and secure a license entitling him to teach in the pub- lic schools. After an experience of two years as a teacher he discontinued pedagogic work and in 1876 took the competitive examination for ad- mission to the U. S. Military Academy at West Point, being the only one out of a class of thirty that successfully stood the test. He entered the Academy in June, 1877, and was graduated there- from on June 11, 1881, and immediately there- after received his assignment to Co. I, Ninth U. S. Infantry, stationed at Fort McKinney, Wyo. In August, 1882, he was transferred to Fort Russell, where he remained until re- signing his commission, in the meanwhile devot- ing all his spare time to the study of law, which he had wisely decided to make his life work. In June, 1884, he was admitted to prac- tice in the Third Judicial Circuit of Wyoming and the following November bade farewell to military life and was admitted to the bar by the Supreme Court of the state. On leaving the army Mr. Stoll opened an office in Cheyenne and at once began an active practice of his profes- sion. His abilities soon won him recognition at the Laramie county bar and in due time he succeeded in building up a large and lucrative business, earning the reputation of an able coun- selor and judicious practitioner. In 1886 he was elected prosecuting attorney of Laramie county, the duties of which office he discharged in such a satisfactory manner that at the ensuing election, two years later, he was chosen his own successor by a greatly increased majority. At the expiration of his second term he resumed legal practice and continued it with a series of uninterrupted successes until 1896, when he was for a third time the Democratic nominee for pros- ecuting attorney, failing of election because there were two candidates in the field against him, a Republican and an Independent Democrat. In 1898 he was nominated for State Senator, but the county being reliably Republican, he did not overcome the formidable opposition. In 1900 he was again his party's choice for the position of prosecuting attorney and in the election of that year was elected by a very decisive majority. His administration of the office has been marked by signal ability and during his incumbency many notorious lawbreakers have been brought to the 422 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. bar of justice and sentenced to long terms in the penitentiary. Mr. Stoll is well grounded in the principles of his profession, familiar with all the devious details of practice. He studies his cases with the greatest care, prepares his legal papers with the most scrupulous exactness and never enters upon the trial of a cause without a thor- ough mastery of its every, detail. He is cour- teous in demeanor towards court and opposing counsel, never resorting to unfair advantage to gain a point and nothing savoring of disrepu- table practice has ever been laid to his charge. As prosecuting attorney he has discharged his every duty regardless of fear or favor, and it is the opinion universally expressed that the county has never enjoyed the services of an abler or more faithful and judicious official. He has long been a recognized leader in the Democratic party of Wyoming and as such has contributed much to the success of the ticket, locally and throughout the state. Fraternally, he stands high in Masonic circles and is considered one of the brightest members of the lodge with which he holds membership. He has risen to the Thirty- second degree in the Scottish Rite, and in that capacity has come in close personal touch with the leading members of the order in Wyoming and other states. He is also identified with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, and be- longing to the Cheyenne Lodge. Personally, Mr. Stoll is a most affable and courteous gentleman, having an attractive presence and always easily approachable. His long and vigorous military discipline developed in him a commanding dig- nity, which added to the power of his personality, makes him a natural leader of men. He is popu- lar with bis fellow citizens irrespective of party, and has so demeaned himself as to be worthy of the large measure of public esteem he enjoys. ROBERT TAIT. It would be impossible to write the history of Laramie county, and difficult indeed to write the history of Wyoming, without making substantial reference to that sturdy pioneer, successful man of business and high-minded citizen, Robert Tait, of Islay, Wyoming. Emigrating to this coun- try from Scotland after he had arrived at years of mature manhood, he brought with him to the land of his adoption those habits of industry, fru- gality and perseverance which everywhere char- acterize the Scottish race and which have en- abled it to take a prominent place in the world's history. Wherever civilization has gone, there the men of Scotland have been, with their keen intellect, their clear judgment, and their indomit- able courage and determination, overcoming ob- stacles, conquering difficulties and achieving vie-' tories. Robert Tait is a worthy representative of the sterling traits of national character that have marked the men and women of that land ever since the beginning of their history. Coming into the then territory of Wyoming with only a few hundred dollars as his total capital, he has by his energy, perseverance and good judgment grown to be one of its largest property owners and most successful men. A pioneer of Lara- mie county, he has had much to do with building up the industries and laying the foundations of the commonwealth. A native of Scotland, he was born on February n, 1842, the son of Sam- uel "and Matilda (Service) Tait, natives of Scot- land. His father followed farming in his native country up to the time of his decease, and on his farm Robert Tait grew to man's estate and re- ceived his early education in the schools of his native country. He remained with his parents until he had attained the age of twenty years, then entered service as an apprentice to the trade of carpentry. After the death of his par- ents, which occurred soon after he was prepared to begin life for himself, he removed to Edin- burg, and there continued labor as a carpenter and builder. In 1872, he determined to seek the bettering of his fortunes in the New World, and emigrated with his family to America and upon arriving at the city of Xew York, there secured employment at his trade for about three months, the.nce removing to Chicago, where he engaged in the same calling until the following year, when he then removed his residence to Colorado, where lie purchased a farm and for a short time was engaged in agricultural occupations. Subse- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 423 quently he was employed on the railroad which was then in construction, then went to Fort Collins, where he assumed charge of the con- struction of a water-power plant for a saw- mill near that place. He remained there about one year, and then was employed in the erection of the first bank building of Fort Collins. Sub- sequently, he accepted a position on a large sheep ranch near Fort Collins, and was engaged in that employment for about one year. In May, 1876, he came to Wyoming and located a ranch on Pole Creek, near where his present ranch is now situated. Here he engaged in ranching and stockraising, and continued in these vocations, meeting with great success, up to 1884, when he purchased the ranch property he now owns and occupies on Pole Creek, about twenty-seven miles northwest of Cheyenne, and still continues in the raising of horses and cattle, being now the owner of one of the finest ranches in that section of the state, comprising about 6,000 acres, well fenced and improved, with fine buildings and all modern improvements. He is one of the largest individual cattleowners of Wyoming, and has many other property interests throughout the state. On December 31, 1869, in Edinburg, Scot- land, Mr. Tait was united in marriage to Miss Agnes Finlayson, a native of Scotland and a daughter of John and Jane (Padie) Finlayson, both being natives of that country. Mrs. Tait's father followed the occupation of shoemaking in his native land until his death at an advanced age. Mr. and Mrs. Tait have had two children, Samuel, who died in infancy, and is buried in Edinburg, Scotland, and Matilda J., now Mrs. Lannen. Mr. Tait is one of the earliest of the pioneers of his section of Wyoming. There was not a house between Cheyenne and his ranch when he there first established his home. He has seen the surrounding country advance through all its stages of development and has contributed largely by his own efforts to its settlement and improvement. Politically, he is a stanch Republi- can and for many years he has taken an active part in public affairs. He has never sought any political positions, but his fellow citizens, recognizing his eminent fitness, have insisted up- on his acceptance of certain positions of public trust. During the years of 1897, 1898, 1899 and 1900, he served as county commissioner of Lara- mie county, but at the end of his second term of service he declined a reelection. For twenty- three years he has served the people as the treas- urer of the school board of his district, believ- ing it to be the duty of every citizen to give a portion of his time to public service. He is rec- ognized by all classes as not only one of the solid business men and substantial property holders of Wyoming, but also as a citizen whose high char- acter and sterling worth entitle him to the re- gard and esteem of all men. CHRISTOPHER B. TAYLOR. It is a far cry indeed from being a machinist in a New Jersey machine shop to a hotel propri- etorship at Fort Bridger, Wyo., but after many changes and migrations, this is the very fortune that has come to Christopher B. Taylor, who was born at Springtown, N. J., on April 9, 1856, a son of William and Sarah (Bowers) Taylor, natives of New Jersey and descendants of families living on the soil of that state from an early date in Colonial days and taking part in all of the wars in which this country has contested, from the French and Indian wars of the early period of life in this continent down through the Revolution, the War of 1812, in which an ancestor of Mr. Taylor on the paternal side was an American officer, unto the Civil War. His paternal grand- father was John Taylor and his maternal grand- father was Henry Bowers, of Hardport, N. J., all being of Dutch descent. His father, originally a farmer, was much in public life and position, and at the birth of his son Christopher, was the popular landlord of a comfortable inn or tavern in Springtown. Christopher B. Taylor, after at- tending the public schools until he was old enough to learn a trade, was apprenticed as a machinist in the large manufacturing plant of the New Jersey Mowing Machine Co., at Philipsburg, and here acquired an excellent technical and practical knowledge of machinery and its making and re- pairing, and then engaged at the trade in the 424 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. Lehigh Valley railroad shops at South Easton, Pa., continuing there employed for two years, when he started on the long route across the continent, making several well-defined stops how- ever on the way. He was in Chicago for a time, again was at work in the Northern Pacific shops at Brainard, Minn., removing then to Minneap- olis, thence in 1875 to Sydney, Neb., where he became a driver with an ox-team outfit going to the Black Hills. In 876 he was working for the famous Homestake Mining Co., and in this connection he "set up" one of the first stampmills that company put in operation, in Bobtail Gulch, thereafter continuing engineering and the put- ting up of machinery until 1877, when he visited New York City and his New Jersey home-, soon however returning to Kansas City and on to El Paso, Texas. For a time Mr. Taylor was here in the service of a railroad, following this by be- coming foreman of the roundhouse at Chihuahua, Mexico, from there two years later proceeding to California, where he held a situation with the Central Pacific Railroad in its Sacramento shops until 1882 when he came to Utah and engaged in prospecting and also the sale of machinery for about a year, thence making his way to Idaho Falls, where at the old Eagle Rock he was em- ployed in the shops of the Utah & Northern Railroad, now the Oregon Short Line Railroad, for several years. Relinquishing his trade Mr. Taylor took up the first ranch developed on Sand Creek in the Snake River Valley. Still later he was a justice of the peace and a real-estate oper- ator at Idaho Falls for several years. He has been a resident of Fort Bridger since 1894, and his enterprise and business ability have here been manifest in the successful prosecution of the sale of farm implements and as a genial landlord of the only hotel of the place, the Taylor House. These occupations have not monopolized his time for he has done much prospecting to a good pur- pose. His town property consists of two blocks of three lots each on opposite sides of the street, on one stands the Taylor House and on the other a small warehouse. He is also interested in sev- eral hundred acres of oil and gas land. Always active and alert in the cause of his political party. he has taken great interest in public affairs and was the candidate of the Democratic party in the last election for representative in the State Legislature. Mr. Taylor was united in marriage, in Idaho, on December 25, 1886, to Miss Anna Nord, a native of Sweden and a daughter of Ole and Ella (Nelson) Nord, her father now being a farmer near Kristianstad, but he was for twelve years a soldier in the Swedish army. His name was originally Jensen, but, as he served in the army as a substitute for a man named Nord, the latter name naturally attached to him. One of her uncles, Jens Manson, was an influential member of the Rixstag, the Swedish Legislature. Of the six children of Mr. and Mrs. Taylor the two youngest were born at Fort Bridger. Their names are Eleanor B., Raymond N., Martha P., Beulah E., William C. and Edith A. BRYANT TURPIN. A pioneer of Wyoming, one who during fron- tier days, before the time of the railroads, car- ried on an extensive freighting business, Bryant Turpin, whose address is now Junction, Laramie county, Wyo., is a native of Wayne county, Ken- tucky, and the son of Bailey and Martha (Dan- cey) Turpin, the former a native of Kentucky and the latter of Ohio. The father followed the occupation of farming in Kentucky up to 1856, when he removed to his residence in the state of Texas, settled in Johnson county and engaged in farming and stockgrowing, remaining there until 1866, thence removing to Red River count} - , where he continued to be in the same occupation up to the time of his death, which event oc- curred in 1875. The mother also died in 1858 and she was buried in Johnson county, Texas. Bryant Turpin was born on February 18. 1848, coming early with his parents from Ken- tucky to Texas, having had very iittle oppor- tunity for acquiring an education in early life, being compelled to leave school at the early age of nine years and earn his own livelihood. From that age he worked on ranches in the vicinity for about three years, and showed those qualities of self-reliance, industry and perseverance which PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 425 have so largely characterized his subsequent career. At the age of twelve years he was em- ployed by parties engaged in shipping cattle to eastern and southern points to gather up stock cattle for that purpose, and he continued in this employment for about three years, when he en- gaged in farming for two years and then again engaged in gathering cattle for shipment. In this employment he made frequent trips from Texas into Arkansas and other states and in 1867 he determined to seek his fortune in the country farther on the frontier and removed his residence to the then territory of Colorado. Here he engaged in freighting and freight con- tracting on his own account, operating chiefly be- tween the city of Cheyenne, and commercial points in Colorado. He continued in this busi- ness, with considerable success, until 1876, when he removed his headquarters from Colorado to Cheyenne, and there engaged in freight con- tracting between that city and the Black Hills country of Dakota. He also hauled supplies for the government to the various military posts of Wyoming and Dakota and remained engaged in this pursuit until 1889, when the con- struction of railroads to all important points vir- tually destroyed the old-time business of overland freighting. He was one of the oldest freighters in the western country and was well known to and respected by all of the military officers and frontiersmen during the many years he followed that occupation. In 1883 he located a ranch on the Cottonwood Creek, about twenty-two miles northwest of Wheatland, Wyo., and in 1886, he moved his family hither and made it his perma- nent home. He did not however actively engage in the cattle business until some years later. In 1889 he disposed of a portion of his large freight- ing outfit and since that time has devoted atten- tion to the cattle business at his ranch on the Cottonwood, although he was still employed to some extent in freighting. Since 1899 he has given his entire time to the cattle business, has met with success and is now the owner of one of the best and most thoroughly-equipped ranch properties in that section of Laramie county, and is considered as one of the substantial business men of the community. On October 31, 1876, Mr. Turpin was united in marriage at Fort Col- lins, Colo., to Miss Hattie Burt, a native of Ver- mont and the daughter of Henry Burt, a well- known and respected citizen of that state. Six children have come to bless their home life, Olive Belle, who died in 1879, and was buried in Cheyenne; James F. ; Bessie S., died on June 28, 1902, aged twenty years ; Grace A., died on De- cember 26, 1899, both the latter being buried at Wheatland ; Abbie B. ; Lizzie L. Mr. Turpin is affiliated with the Order of Fraternal Union of America. He is one of the prominent pioneer citizens of Wyoming, and is held in high esteem by all classes of his fellow citizens. RICHARD S. WEAKLEN. This progressive and enterprising young stockman, residing at Glendo, in Laramie county, Wyoming, is a native of Pennsylvania, born on February 20, 1862, the son of Peter and Mar- garet (Miller) Weaklen, also natives of the Keystone state. The father followed the occu- pation of farming in his native state and in 1865 removed to Iowa, where he established his home near Charles City and engaged in the same pursuit. Subsequently he moved to Clay county, where he has continued in the same calling up to the present time (1902). The mother died in 1877, and lies buried in Clay county. Richard S. Weaklen grew to manhood in Iowa and re- ceived his early academical training in the pub- lic schools of that state. When he had com- pleted his education he remained with his father, assisting in the work and management of the farm, until he had attained the age of twenty- one years. He then secured employment on dif- ferent farms in that vicinity until 1886, when he determined to seek his fortune in the country farther to the west and located in the Horseshoe Creek country of Wyoming and secured employ- ment on cattle ranches to learn a practical knowl- edge of the cattle business. He continued here in this employment until 1895 and earned the repu- tation of being one of the most efficient and capable men employed in the cattle business. In 426 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. that year he located his present ranch on the North Elkhorn Creek, about ten miles northwest of Glendo, and entered into the business of rais- ing cattle and horses. In this enterprise he has met with success and is now looked upon as one of the representative young stockmen of that section of Wyoming. He is the owner of a fine ranch to which he is steadily adding each year and he is destined to become one of the foremost business men of his county. Capable, enterpris- ing and energetic, he is coming to the front in his chosen pursuit and his sterling traits of char- acter would make him a representative man in any community. He is a member of the Roman Catholic church and takes an active interest in all measures calculated to be of benefit to the people among whom he maintains his home. Politically, he is identified with the Republican party, being a conscientious believer in the prin- ciples of that political organization. He has however neither sought nor desired any public office and has preferred to give his entire time and attention to the care and management of his private business interests. JOHN T. WEDEMEYER. Human life at its largest estate is brief and it is far better if it can be said of a man, when its fitful fever is over, that he did his duty well and was a benefactor of his kind, than to have erected to his memory the costliest mausoleum or loftiest monument of the ages. Such as this may truthfully be the utterance of both the indulgent friend and the judicious critic in relation to the character and career of the late John T. Wede- meyer of Laramie county, Wyoming, whose un- timely death at the full maturity of his powers when less than fifty-seven years of age was uni- versally regretted. He was born at Kiel, Ger- many, on January 6, 1838. and there grew to manhood. Like most of German youths he was apprenticed to a trade, and while yet young be- came a proficient weaver of fabrics. Later he learned photography and followed that as an oc- cupation in his native city until the beginning of the Franco-German War, when he promptly en- tered the army in defense of his country and served through the war, seeing much hard ser- vice and enduring many privations. He was married at Keil on November 6, 1869, to Miss Dorothy M. Voight, a daughter of Joseph F. and Maria Voight, natives of Prussia, the father be- ing a prosperous shoe merchant for many years in Kiel and deeply interested in the affairs of the city. A year after his marriage Mr. Wedenieyer came to the United States and after living for a year at Davenport, Iowa, came to Wyoming and entered the employ of the Union Pacific Railroad at Cheyenne. For twenty-one years he rendered faithful and valuable service to this great trunk line, and when he resigned in 1892 was the oldest employe of the road in continuous connection with it. After resigning he purchased a small ranch at the head of Horse Creek and turned his attention to stockraising, adding to his real-estate from time to time as his business grew. His oldest son lived on the ranch and assisted in con- ducting it, but the rest of the family had their residence in Cheyenne, occupying a house pre- viously purchased of ex-Governor Baxter, one of the finest homes in the city. By close atten- tion to his business and intelligent application of his broad and practical knowledge, he built up an enterprise of leading scope and influence in the state and earned the reputation of being a shrewd and far-seeing business man of high in- tegrity and progressive ideas. His genial man- ner, obliging disposition and his attractive so- cial qualities rendered him universally beloved and gave him a very strong hold on the con- fidence and in the esteem of the people among whom his useful life was passed. To the pub- lic affairs in his county and throughout the state he was zealously attentive, devoting, es- pecially to the cause of education, the time, wis- dom and means which resulted in gratifying and substantial benefits to the community, while in reference to all matters of material, moral and social advancment he was wise and helpful, re- straining undue zeal, stimulating the flagging, directing the forceful and conserving every ser- viceable element. In his domestic life he was singularly blessed. His hospitality was generous PROGRESSIVE MEN. OF WYOMING. 427 and considerate, his disposition was cheerful and tolerant, his manners were easy, dignified and cordial, all marking him as a gentleman of superior culture and elevation of character and aiding in establishing him in the affections of his family and the sincere and high regard of his neighbors and friends. His life was a force for good that cannot die. In fraternal relations he- was affiliated with the order of Odd Fellows and was a useful and influential member of his lodge. His family consisted of eight children, of whom Theodore, the first born, was killed in a railroad accident at Pocatello, Idaho, on September 18. 1 89 1, being at the time a railway mail clerk. The others are Maria, a highly educated lady, Avho after attending colleges in California and Colo- rado and teaching in the high schools of Chey- enne for five years, started on a course of special instruction at Columbia University, N. Y., in which she is still engaged ; Bertha is also well educated and now holding an important position in the school system in Colorado ; Frank, Fred- erick and Ernest, are connected with the manage- ment of the ranch and the stock business of the es- tate ; Edward, who has been in the railway mail service on the Union Pacific since 1900; John, the oldest living son, since the death of his father has been in charge of the estate and has been conducting its very extensive business with prudence and success, zealously aided by his brothers. He learned the trade of a machinist at Cheyenne, and for eight years worked at it for the Union Pacific. In the spring of 1901 the ranch at the head of Horse Creek was sold and the one now occupied on the Laramie River ■twelve miles west of Wheatland was purchased This embraces 1,400 acres of land, most of which is excellent for pasturage, and in addition the brothers have 1,300 acres leased. At the time of the purchase the home in Cheyenne was sold and a portion of the proceeds was invested in cattle. The Wedemeyer brothers are among the most successful and highly esteemed cattlemen in the county, much of their success is attribu- table to their mother, who has been a safe and judicious advisor in the management of the business, possessing clearness of vision, force of character and business capacity of a high order. JOSEPH WILDE. VVilhout a thought of disparagement for the many excellent people in and around Fort Lara- mie, perhaps none on the whole are more note- worthy or as extensively known as the genial and popular gentlemen whose name introduces this article. He belongs to the younger and aggres- sive generation which in the last quarter-century has done so much to develop the natural and in- dustrial resources of one of the wealthiest parts of the American nation. Joseph Wilde was born on May 14, 1855 * n Cook county, 111., and is the son of John and Kate Wilde, both parents being natives of France. By occupation the father was a tailor and worked at his chosen calling in va- rious towns and cities in the United States, mov- ing in 1857 to Minnesota and settling in Hender- son, where he lived for a number of years, run- ning a shop for some time in that place but he passed the latter years of his life in St. Cioud where his. death occurred in 1867, his wife pre- ceding him to the other life in 1859. Through the death of his parents Joseph Wilde was thrown upon his own resources at a comparatively early age. He attended school in the different towns and cities where his parents lived and after the father's death entered a butcher shop in St. Paul, where he worked for two years at the meat business, becoming quite proficient in the trade. In 1873 he went to Colorado and secured a posi- tion in a meat market in the city of Denver, later going to Pueblo. After remaining in that state until the fall of 1876 he came to Fort Laramie, Wyoming, and from that time until the latter part of the next year he was in the employ of the U. S. government. In 1877 he began freighting from Cheyenne to the Black Hills and other points and continued that business until 1890, when he disposed of his outfit and located at Fort Laramie, where he has since lived and prospered. Mr. Wilde opened a house for the entertainment of the traveling public here and also engaged in the mercantile business in which his success has been most gratifying-. He also carries on a blacksmithing shop, handles a full line of stoves and hardware, besides being largely interested in live stock, owning a large 428 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. ranch of 600 acres at the forks of the river near the fort and one containing 240 acres a short distance to the southwest. In his various enter- prises Mr. Wilde has displayed unusual energy and financially has met with success such as few attain. He is one of the leading stockmen of the Fort Laramie district, having a large num- ber of fine cattle, horses and sheep on his ranches, while as a merchant and a hotelkeeper he ranks with the most enterprising business men of the place. As indicated in the initial paragraph Mr. Wilde is a gentleman of genial nature, inheriting manv of the admirable qualities and much of the vivacity for which his French ancestors were noted.' He is popular with all classes and con- ditions of people, being a whole-souled com- panion who delights in relating the thrilling ex- periences and daring adventures which marked the early times throughout the West. His life has been an eventful one, fraught at times with much that was thrilling and dangerous, and his name is destined to live with the local history of this region as one of the noted characters of Fort Laramie and vicinity. He has managed his affairs successfully, being today the possessor of a fortune of sufficient magnitude to place him in independent circumstances, every dollar of which was earned by honorable and straigh for- ward business methods. Mr. Wilde is a mar- ried man, the father of one child, Louis, who was born on November 14, 1884, at Fort Laramie, Wyo. His wife, to whom he was united in mar- riage near the city of Cheyenne on the 6th day of August, 1883, was formerly Miss Mary Neit- feldt, a native of Germany. Mr. Wilde is a mem- ber of the Cheyenne . Lodge of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and his name also adorns the records of Cheyenne Camp, No. 144, Woodmen of the World. JOHN W. WILLEY. Born on March 12, 1850, on an Iowa farm which had been taken up as a homestead two years before by his parents, who came as pioneers to the interior of the state in 1848, and reared and educated in the rural section which was his birthplace,., j.nd now living on one of the finest and most e^rable ranches on the Prairie Doe Creek in Wyoming, whither he came as a pioneer, John W. Willey has had a career of vary- ing success and interest. His native place was Marion county, Iowa, near the town of Gosport, and his parents were Hezekiah and Sarah (White) Willey, the former a native of New York and the latter of Massachusetts. His father was an enterprising farmer in Marion county and afterwards in Lucas county, whither the family removed when their son John was sixteen years old. In that county he finished the common-school education he had begun in Mar- ion and after leaving school worked with his father on the farm until he was twenty-five. At that time he was married to Miss Lora Wright, a native of Iowa and a daughter of David S. and Mary (Roseman) Wright, natives of Ohio, whose parents were emigrants to this country from Ireland. He then settled down on a farm for himself in Lucas county, Iowa, and conducted its operations with profit and success until 1885, when he came to Wyoming and located on the ranch he now owns and occupies and which lies beautifully along Prairie Dog Creek, and eight miles south of Sheridan. His father continued to farm in Iowa until his death in 1888 and one year later the mother followed him to the grave. He had thus two incentives to remain in the state of his adoption and to push his business with ardor and energy. All the old family ties were severed and his property, under his very skillful and vigorous management and the spirit of im- provement he had inaugurated and applied to it with assiduous attention, was rising steadily in value and he was becoming firmly established in the good will and esteem of the people around him, who, like himself, had come to the neigh- borhood when it was in the very infancy of its development and had helped, as he had, to build it up and make it populous and civilized. He inaugurated, as soon as he got his land into con- dition for the industry, a flourishing cattle busi- ness, which he has been conducting continuously and successfully since that time. Mr. Willey has always been active in politics, but more from PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 429 earnest interest in the welfare of the community than from any partisan or factional spirit, al- though he gives a cordial and loyal support to the Republican party. He has however stead- fastly declined all overtures for seeking or filling political offices himself, preferring much to any station of that kind the honorable post of a pri- vate citizen. He is a representative citizen of the county and has influence in behalf of any pro- ject for its advancement which commends itself to his judgment. His marriage occurred on December 17, 1876, in Lucas county, Iowa, where his wife's parents still live and carry on a flourishing farming and stock enterprise. Mr. and Mrs. Willey have four- children, Allen B., Fannie L., Elsie May and Chester. Their home on the ranch is one of the well-built and attrac- tive residences of the section, while the ap- purtenances of the farm in general are in keeping with it ; the air of genial hospitality which per- vades it and the taste and culture which emanate ■from it are among the social features of this part of the county. J. M. WILSON, M. D. The history of a state is chiefly the chronicle of the lives and activities of those who have con- ferred honor and dignity upon society and the world judges the character of a community by that of its leading citizens, yielding its tributes of admiration and respect for the genius, learning and virtues of those whose works and actions con- stitute the record of a state's prosperity and pride. The gentleman whose name stands at the head of this review is considered as one of the representative men of the state, in many and widely varying ways having added to the well- being and prosperity of the people, standing high in their estimation, not only by reason of his conscientious professional life, but also through •the result of his business sagacity and his unsel- fish and useful public services. Doctor Wilson was born at Newluce, Wigtonshire, Scotland, on February 25, 1854, the son of John and Mary (Ross) Wilson, both representatives of ancient Scottish families of good repute, his paternal grandfather, also John Wilson, being a barrister of long and successful practice in the courts of Scotland, while his father was a civil engineer, who, after retiring from his labors of many years of activity, emigrated and made his subse- quent home in America until his death in 1862. Receiving his elementary literary education in Al- bany, N. Y., and Woodsfield, Ohio, Doctor Wil- son supplemented this by an attendance at the Wesleyan University at Delaware, Ohio, there- after matriculating at the Jefferson Medical Col- lege of Philadelphia, Pa., there devoting his at- tention to the special scientific and technical in- struction necessary for a thorough equipment in the sciences of medicine and surgery, being graduated from this excellent institution in the class of 1878 and with the degree of M. D. Com- mencing his professional life at Harrisville, Ohio, he there soon gave definite demonstration of his ability as a physician and surgeon, acquiring a representative practice and winning many friends by his excellent personal qualities. In 1886 Doc- tor Wilson located in Douglas, Wyo., continuing medical practice there and acquiring the reputa- tion of being well skilled in his profession, re- maining very actively employed in his expanding practice until 1896, when he ceased his profes- sional labors, his time and energies being trans- ferred to other spheres of usefulness and activity. About 1893 the potentialities of the wealth wrapped in the great stockraising department of the industries of the state attracted the atten- tion of Doctor Wilson, who made investment in sheep, having his ranching headquarters three miles from Orin Junction, and being associated with Gov. DeForrest Richards in the Platte Valley Sheep Co., the business being cumulative and attaining great scope and importance, running bands amounting sometimes to 30,000 head, and highly improving their ranch property by suitable irrigation and other methods and by en- gaging in the somewhat extensive raising of alfalfa. This enterprise has thriven, having been conducted with conservative and judicious care, and is in a highly prosperous condition. Ever active and alert for the good of the community and the welfare of the state, Doctor Wilson was 43Q PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. one of the leading spirits in the organization of Converse county, taking interest in both state and national politics, earnestly working for the suc- cess of the principles of the Republican party, but he has steadily refrained from allowing his name to be placed in nomination for any political office, although often requested so to do. He is unselfish in his action, and for this reason stands high among his fellow citizens, who value him for his true elements of worth. He has touched every link of the fraternal chain of Masonry to the Thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite and is a highly valued member of the Odd Fellows and of the Woodmen of the World. He was ap- pointed by Governor Richards to a place on the state's first board of sheep commissioners, in that connection doing valuable service, and he was one of the members of the first city government of Douglas. He also served as one of the or- ganization commissioners of Converse county by the appointment of Governor Moonlight, during territorial days. On December 30, 1880, Doctor Wilson and Miss Laura J. Moore of Harrisville, Ohio, were wedded. She is a lady of grace and culture, whose father, Jacob Moore, was the son of an early pioneer of that section of Ohio, the fine estate he there acquired still remaining" in the possession of the family. The two children of this marriage are James Byron, a student of Oberlin College, Ohio, in the class of '05, and Charles M., now pursuing his preparatory edu- cation for college at Oberlin Academy. MADS WOLBOL. One of the leading ranch and stockmen of Albany county, Wyoming, is Mr. Wolbol, who, born in 1841, is a native of Denmark, the son of Nels and Mary (Larsen) Wolbol, both natives of that country. His father was born in 1805 and followed the occupation of farming in his native country, up to the time of his decease, which occurred in 1881. He was the son of Mads and Marguerita (Grady) Wolbol, both natives of Denmark. The mother was born in 1815 and passed away in 1899, having lived to the age of eighty-four vears. She was the daughter of August and Dora (Christensen) Larsen, both natives of Denmark. Mads Wolbol grew to man's estate in his native country and received there his early education, attending the public schools and when he had completed his education he engaged in farming in Denmark, assisting in the support of his mother and the family, until 1 87 1. He then resolved to try to better his con- dition and to seek his fortune in the New World beyond the sea and, leaving his relatives and the home of his childhood and early manhood, with the scanty savings which he had been able to ac- cumulate he took ship and came to America, coming directly to Omaha, Neb., where he re- mained for some time, gathering information as to the resources of the surrounding country, then came to Laramie, Wyo., and secured em- ployment on the Union Pacific Railroad, and re- mained in that occupation for about three years, when he resigned his position and purchased a ranch of 200 acres of land. Using all the capital which he could command, he gathered together twenty head of stock cattle and embarked in the business of raising cattle. He has continued in the same business down to the present time (1902), steadily adding to his enterprise from year to year, until now he is the owner of 2.500 acres of land, well fenced and improved, with suitable buildings and appointments for the car- rying on of a large and extensive ranching and stockraising business. He is also the owner of a large herd of cattle, which is steadily being in- creased, and he is one of the solid business men and most prosperous stockgrowers of his section of the state. His successful career illustrates what industry, perseverance, and careful atten- tion to business can accomplish in any branch of industrial development. In 1873, Mr. Wolbol was united in marriage with Miss Catharine Iversen. the daughter of Iver and Dorothy ( Lauritsen) Iversen, a native of Denmark. To their union five children have been born, Dora, Laura. Xels, Walter and Eva, all of whom are living. Nels and Walter being twins. The family is greatly respected in the community where they reside and Mr. Wolbol is held in high esteem by his business associates and friends. PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 43 1 H. R. PAUL. An honored veteran of the Civil War and for the past ten years occupying the responsible position of the cashier of the First National Bank of Douglas, H. R. Paul stands high in the es- teem of the community as a man of financial ability, personal integrity and a representative citizen interested in all public matters that tend to the advancement of all of the better interests of the city of his residence and the equal bet- terment of the state. Mr. Paul was born in Dubuque county, state of Iowa, on March 24, 1842, when the city of Dubuque was a mere hamlet, the son of John Paul, a native of Ken- tucky, and Diana (Jordan) Paul, his wife. The father came in 1827 to Galena, 111., and became identified with mining in the lead mines." The lands west of the Mississippi were then in the possession of the Indians, no white men being allowed to touch the deposits of lead in their do- main. As soon as they were opened to the oc- cupation of the whites through treaty, the father made his family home at Dubuque, which on their arrival consisted of one log cabin only. He engaged in mining, and resided in Dubuque county until 1866, thence moving to Waterloo, Iowa, and to Jamesville in the same state where he and his wife resided for the rest of their days. H. R. Paul was the eighth child in a family of eleven children and after receiving the advan- tages of the public schools of Dubuque county he gave one year of faithful study in the Methodist Seminary of Epworth, Iowa, thereafter joining the Union forces of the Civil War by enlisting in June, 1862, in Co. H, Twenty-fourth Iowa Infantry, with which organization he saw active service in Missouri, later taking part in the Vicksburg campaign, often being in battle and undergoing severe privations innumerable. From Vicksburg, after the surrender of the city, their field of operation was in the lower Mississippi region and in Texas, making headquarters at various times in New Orleans and taking part in the disastrous Red River expedition under. Gen- eral Banks, later being in the Mobile campaign, their command there capturing the two almost impregnable forts, Blakey and Alexis. Return- ing to New Orleans they were mustered out at Baton Rouge, in August, 1865. In many of the bloody and historic battles of the Army of the Mississippi his command was engaged, showing valor and intrepidity, being often mentioned in official communications for their brave gallantry. J W. Paul, a brother of H. R., died in Memphis, Tenn., while in service with a three months regi- ment. In 1866 Mr. Paul entered the employ of the Dubuque and Sioux City Railroad, which afterward became a part of the Illinois Central system, where for fourteen years, he gave faith- ful and appreciated service, for thirteen years be- ing the efficient station agent at Janesville, Iowa. Meeting with an accident which so in- jured his right hand as to permanently cripple him to a degree, he tendered his resignation and for five years conducted merchandising, then coming to Douglas, Wyoming, he accepted a clerical position with the firm of C. H. King & Co., g'eneral merchants, having first a tent at Fort Fetterman and a $16,000 stock of goods, and subsequently he was a bookkeeper for eigh- teen months for G. W. Metcalf. His business capacity, accuracy and fitness for the position having been clearly ' shown, in 1892 he was of- fered and accepted the responsible position of cashier of the First National Bank of Douglas, which he has now continuously held for fully ten years, from his absolute honesty, strict in- tegrity and high moral character steadily adding to the well being of the community, no one stand- ing higher in the esteem of the best citizens. He maintains his interest in the Civil War by his connection with the G. A. R. organization, and he is also identified with the Odd Fellows fra- ternity. In political relations he is in full accord with the Republican party in national and state matters. On Christmas day, 1868, Mr. Paul and Miss Harriet J. Wood, a native of New York state, were joined in marriage and they have four children : Rosa M., wife of H. S. Datesman, the popular postmaster of Douglas ; Jessie F., Mrs. W. Anthens of Douglas ; Ned Henry, deceased ; Frank W., a native of Wyo- ming. 432 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. PETER PAULSON. A representative pioneer ranch and stockman of Laramie county, Wyoming, who was long prominent in the upbuilding of this section of the state, the late Peter Paulson, formerly a leading citizen of Glendo, was born on December 13, 1836, in Sweden, and grew to man's estate in his native country, where he received his edu- cation in the public schools and learned the trade of wheelwright and remained in that employ- ment in his native land up to 1870, when he set out for America. Upon his arrival here he went first to Nebraska, where he established his home first in the city of Omaha, where he remained for about one year, thereafter removed his res- idence to Big Springs, where he accepted a paying position with the Union Pacific Railroad. Here he remained for about four months, in the fall of 1872 coming to Cheyenne, in the then territory of Wyoming where he was employed as a wheelwright by the U. S. gov- ernment at Camp Carlin, Wyo. in the building of wagons for the use of the U. S. troops on the frontier during the Indian wars, remaining here for eleven years. During a large portion of this time the Sioux and Cheyenne Indians were on the war-path, and he was a witness to and a participant in many exciting scenes of frontier warfare. In 1883, he left the employ of the United States and came to the vicinity of Horse- shoe -Creek, Wyo., and settled with his family upon the ranch which was his residence for many years, and where his widow now resides. He was one of the earliest settlers in this section and also one of the first to recognize its superior advantages as a cattle country. He immediately engaged in raising cattle and horses, in which he met with marked success, increasing his holdings of lands and stock from year to year, until he became one of the leading property owners of that vicinity, and was looked upon as one of the substantial business men of Laramie county. He did much for the development of the resources of the section and his sudden death was a great loss to the community. He was widely known and was honored by all classes of men for his many sterling traits of character, and his life of in- dustry, thrift, and good deeds furnishes a high example for the emulation of others. Keen of judgment, able in his business transactions, loyal to his family and friends, true to every obligation of duty in both private and public life, he was a fine type of the useful citizen who makes the world better. Frugal in his habits and successful in his undertakings, he left a large estate to his widow, who now manages the business and cares for the property along the same prudent lines followed by her husband. The home ranch of 820 acres of land, well fenced and much of it under effective ^irrigation, is one of the finest places in that fertile section of the state, and was a highly prolific source of satisfaction to Mr. Paulson. On June 8, 1872, he was. united in wedlock at the town of North Platte, Neb., to Miss Johanna Olson, a native of Sweden,' whose parents were highly respected citizens of that country. Three children were born to bless their home, Oscar A., born on July 3. 1874, died on September 17, 1901 ; H. Gertrude, now Mrs. Mitchell; Lloyd R., born on January 5. 1878, died on April 20, 1880. Their home life was a notably happy one, and their place of residence was notable for the gracious and generous hos- pitality which they dispensed to their many friends. Mr. Paulson and his family were devout members of the Lutheran church, deeply in- terested in all works of charity and religion in the community where they maintained their home. He was active and prominent in the work of the Sundav-school, and wherever there was an op- portunity to promote the welfare of his fellow men he took a foremost part. He was. a good man. a member of the Woodmen of the World and a citizen that the community could illy afford to lose. He was a stanch member of the Repub- lican party, a strong and conscientious supporter of the principles of that political organization, being one of its most trusted leaders in his sec- tion of the state, but ne\ er sought office, prefer- ring to devote his time and attention to the care of his business interests. His widow continues to reside at the old home, ably demonstrating that she is capable of managing the large prop- erty in a manner worthy of her late husband, beine held in the highest esteem. PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 433 GEORGE E. PAXTON. This well-known citizen of Evanston, Wyo- ming, was born in Berlin, N. Y., the son of George and Catherine (Rivenburg) Paxton, in 1862, his father being a native of Yorkshire, Eng- land, where he was born in 1830, coming to Berlin, N. Y., when eighteen years old, becom- ing then a very successful farmer and hop- grower and an active Republican, serving as town assessor for twenty-one years. His wife was born in Albany, N. Y., in 1832 and died at Ber- lin in 1896, being the mother of three children. Both husband and wife were devoted Methodists. George E. Paxton received his early education in the public schools at Berlin coming to Evans- ton, Wyo., at the age of twenty-four, there first taking employment as a clerk for Blyth & Fargo. In 1893 he went into the hotel business in which he has been remarkably successful. It takes special qualifications to conduct two hotels suc- cessfully in a town such as Evanston ; but. Mr. Paxton exhibits all of these qualifications in a high degree in his management of the Pacific Hotel and the Marks House, being also a part- ner in the firm of Paxton & Hilard of Ogden, Utah. Mr. Paxton is an active and influential Republican, being a member of the State Cen- tral Committee of that political party, and he is also affiliated with the Freemasons of Ev- anston and also with the Elks of Salt Lake City. He was married in 1886 with Anna Saun- ders, a native of Salt Lake City, Utah, who has borne him two sons, Ellsworth and Sidney. WALTER D. PEASE. One of the leading civil engineers of Wyo- ming, Walter D. Pease, of the city of Cheyenne, was born in Broome county, N. Y., on November 21, 1833, the son of Ephraim B. and Caroline (Barnes) Pease, natives of the Empire state. He was the eldest of a family of three children, and grew to man's estate in Broome county, and at- tended the district schools near the parental home until he had attained seventeen years of age. He then occupied his time during the winter sea- sons in teaching school, while during the sum- mers he worked on his father's farm in Broome county. He continued to be thus employed until he arrived at the age of twenty-two years, when he left the home of his childhood and early man- hood for the state of Illinois, establishing him- self in Altona in Knox county, in the grain and lumber business. He remained here for over two years, during a portion of the time being a teacher in the public schools of Altona. At the end of that time he removed his residence to Pike's Peak, joining the great stampede thither. Subsequently he went to Denver, Colo., where he was appointed assistant postmaster, after he had served for a time as a clerk in ' the postoffice. During the Civil War he enlisted in the Third Colorado Cavalry, expecting to be ordered to the front but the U. S. government refused to re- lease him from his position in the postoffice until 1865, when the war was practically over. He was thus prevented from becoming an active participant in the Civil War, notwithstanding his earnest desire to do his country military ser- vice. Upon leaving the postoffice in 1865 he engaged in freighting from Denver to Cheyenne and the Missouri River and continued in this pursuit for about two years. The Indians were very troublesome along the lines of his travel and he had many exciting experiences and dan- gerous encounters, but escaped without serious injury. In 1868, during the early days of Chey- enne, he there established himself in a grocery business, in which he continued until 1881. He then disposed of his mercantile establishment, and settled on his ranch near Cheyenne, that he had entered as the first homestead in Wyoming, where he engaged in stockraising and dairy farm- ing for some time and sold his ranch to the city of Cheyenne as a site for the municipal water- works. He then opened an office as a civil en- gineer and the greater portion of his time since has been occupied in the practice of that pro- fession. Subsequently he was appointed state water commissioner for the district of Laramie county, holding that position about twelve years. For three terms he has held the office of county surveyor of Laraiiiie county, at the present writ- 434 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. ing (1902) being the efficient and popular in- cumbent of the position. In 1899 he was ap- pointed as city water commissioner and city en- gineer of Cheyenne and still occupies those posi- tions, discharging their duties with entire satis- faction to the people and to the city government. Mr. Pease has been a lifelong member of the Re- publican part)-, a stanch advocate of its princi- ples and a loyal supporter of its candidates. In public life and private station he enjoys the re- spect, confidence and regard of all classes of ru c fellow citizens, being affiliated with the Masonic fraternity as the only, surviving member of the charter members of the Cheyenne Lodge of A. F. & A. M. He is also a member of the Grand Army of the Republic, holding the position of quartermaster of his local lodge. He is both a member and a trustee of the Methodist Episcopal church and one of the most valued citizens of the community. In 1857 m the state of Illinois Mr. Pease was united in marriage to Miss Lucy Note- ware, whose parents were well-known and highly respected residents of that state. To their union was ■ born one child, Mary L., now Mrs. John Storrie. Mrs. Pease died in 1872, and about two years later Mr. Pease married with Miss Sarah E. Cory, of Cheyenne, Wyo. They have one child, Bertha M., now Mrs. George E. Harri- son of Wheatland, Wyo. Mr. Pease is one of the most highly respected citizens of Cheyenne, of which he was one of the founders and earliest settlers. He was a pioneer of the western coun- try and has contributed his full share in chang- ing it from its pristine condition of wildness and savagery to its present civilization. WORDEN P. NOBLE. A man of force and influence in the financial and business circles of two states, holding im- portant and extensive interests in both, and so- cially well esteemed wherever he is known, Wor- den P. Noble, of Lander, Wyoming, and Salt Lake City, LTtah, is an impressive illustration of the possibilities open to pluck, business capacity and integrity in the new communities of the Northwest, and his example is an incitement to struggling merit everywhere. He was born at Sacketts Harbor, N. Y., on December 24, 1847, a son of William and Jane A. (Payne) Noble. His father, an influential and prosperous civil engineer and farmer, died at the age of forty- five, and thereafter his family had to make their own way. The mother, a daughter of Worden and Augusta (Warder) Payne, being a descend- ant of old Colonial families, accepted her fate with commendable heroism, and by devoted ef- forts kept her children together and provided for their wants until they were able to help them- selves. She lived to see them all well established and applying in every day life the lessons of thrift and frugality which she had so carefully inculcated, and in 1892 her useful life ended at Lander, Wyo. Their son Worden was the sec- ond of their six children, all of whom are living, and one, Fred F., is mentioned at length on an- other page of this volume. Worden Noble re- ceived a common-school education in New York state, and later was graduated from the Commer- cial College at Watertown. In 1866 he turned his back on the home and associations of his childhood and youth, and sought a new location towards the setting sun in which his hopes might expand and flourish. For three years prior to 1866 he had tried business life in the East, in a sutler's store in Washington, but tiring of this, he came to St. Joseph, Mo., and there engaged to work his way to Omaha as cabin boy on a Missouri River steamboat, and, liking the ex- perience, he remained on the boat during the summer. In the fall of 1866 he became the night clerk at the Herendeen hotel at Omaha, and passed the winter there in that capacity, coming on, in the spring, to the country now embraced in Wyoming, where, at Fort Laramie, he took charge of the business of Jules, Ecoffey & Cuny. government contractors, with whom he remained about a vear. At that time Cheyenne had not an existence, and in the spring of 1868 he re- moved to Atlantic City and engaged in general merchandising, hauling his goods from Fort Laramie and Point of Rocks. He did a thriv- ing business for a year, then sold it and engaged in government contracting and teaming, haul- ! PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 435 ing with ox teams nearly all the lumber used in the erection of Camp Stanbaugh. During this time he had a number of thrilling experi- ences with the Indians. At one time one of his men was killed and he frequently lost cattle and horses by the raids of the savages. In 1877 he started a little cattle business for himself, and the next year sold his freighting outfit and gave his entire attention to his stock interests which were thriving on the Sweetwater. In 1880 he removed his stock to Nowood, and in the win- ter of 1882 sold them and again began merchan- dising, keeping an agency store at the Indian res- ervation as a member of the firm of Valentine & Noble. Soon after starting this enterprise he purchased the interest of his partner Valentine and associated a Mr. Lane with the business. In 1885 he and Mr. Lane started their store at Lander, and in 1890 established the bank at the same place, taking Mr. Noble's brother Fred in as a partner and making the style of the firm Noble, Lane & Noble. This was a much needed institution and has been of great service to the community. In 1882, Mr. Noble again turned his attention to cattle, starting with a good herd and a flock of 2,000 sheep. He has increased this number to 60,000 head of sheep and greatly added to and improved his herd of cattle, hav- ing also sheep interests at Noble and Carmody. He is also extensively engaged in business in Nevada, and in the autumn of 1883 he removed to Salt Lake City. Seeing opportunities there for new business enterprises, he at once put forces in motion for the organization and incorporation of the Commercial National Bank in that city, becoming its vice-president, as he also is of the bank at Lander. By careful investments, Mr. Noble has acquired considerable valuable real- estate in the Mormon city, and has extensive similar properties at Nowood in Bighorn county, Wyo., being also connected there with Fred Bragg in the mercantile business. Everything pertaining to the welfare and progress of the state enlists his earnest attention. His interest in public affairs induced him to accept the office of county commissioner of Sweetwater county, at a critical time in its historv, and he srave to its needs close and fruitful care. He has also served as a member of the state legislature, and in Salt Lake City has been a valued member of the city council. In that body his vigorous disciplinary powers were of great service as chairman of the police and fire commission. On December 25, 1869, he was married at Atlantic City to Miss Maggie Holloran of Irish ancestry, who died in California in July, 1893, at the age of forty-seven years and was buried at Salt Lake. She left sur- viving her four children, Ida J. ; Fred W., man- ager of the large ranch in Nevada belonging to the Clover Valley Land & Stock Co., of which Mr. Noble is the president, and which owns 60,- 000 acres of land; Edith, now the wife of Robert Smith of Salt Lake ; and Mayme. WM. L. WHEELER. After long years of strenuous life in buffeting with the world on the vast plains of the West, William L. AVheeler, an honored pioneer and successful stockman on Beaver Creek, Wyoming, his valuable ranch being eligibly located a short distance south of the little village of Lone Tree, is passing the evening twilight of his life in the beautiful home his energy has evolved from the primeval wilderness, surrounded by choice herds of excellent stock and he has the satisfaction of knowing that his own ability, industry and men- tal action are responsible for this pleasant condi- tion of affairs and that he is beholden to none other than himself in the acquisition of his prop- erty. He was born on July 11, 1837, in Columbia county, N. Y., a son of William and Phoebe (Bennett) Wheeler, and is the sole survivor of his father's family. Attending the New York schools until he was twenty years of age, in 1857 he entered upon his long and eventful western life by crossing the continent from St. Louis to Casper, Wyo., with an ox-train, which was carrying supplies for the Deer Creek Indian agency. He continued in this freighting until 1861, then at Pike's Peak, Colo., he engaged in mining to some extent, soon reverting however to freighting, pursuing these employments until 1870, when he came to Fort Bridger, and for 43^ PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. twenty years thereafter was a faithful and re- spected employe of Hon. W. A. Carter and the Carter estate, only closing his connection there- with to found a home and conduct stock opera- tions for himself. In 1890 he located on the quarter-section of government land that is now his home and here he has devoted himself to the raising of a superior class of cattle, having at the present time a choice herd of finely graded Here- ford stock, being prospered in his undertakings as the result of his care, his discrimination and his superior knowledge of the business. His ranch is most eligibly located and in an advanced state of improvement, his land consisting of excel- lent meadow ground which returns him boun- teous crops of hay. He is held in high esteem as a citizen and a neighbor and in a quiet way he takes great interest in public matters of local in- terest and supports the Democratic political party. B. F. PERKINS. An attorney-at-law and also the capable presi- dent of the Bank of Commerce at Sheridan," Wyoming, Mr. B. F. Perkins was born in Balti- more, Md., on September 15, 1857, being a son of Benjamin B. and Margaret R. (Emory) Perkins, both natives of the state of Maryland. Benjamin B. Perkins maintained his residence in his . native state until about 1880, and from there he removed to Philadelphia, where he still re- sides. He was a graduate from -the Jefferson Medical College of Pennsylvania and also took a postgraduate course in the Homeopathic Col- lege of Philadelphia. He was a very successful physician and achieved a high reputation, and it was not until he had attained the age of sev- enty-eight years that he retired from active practice. In 1900 he and his wife celebrated the anniversary that marked their fiftieth year of happy married life, or in other words, they celebrated their golden wedding. Their family comprises eight children, of whom three arc still living. B. F. Perkins was educated in Phil- adelphia and, after leaving school, entered a conveyancer's office, where he was soon inducted into the practical application of business rules. and while still in that service he was admitted into the law department of the University of Pennsylvania, from which he was graduated in 1882, the same year being admitted to the Phil- adelphia bar. Owing to rapidly failing health, however, Mr. Perkins was absolutely compelled to look for a change of climate, and accordingly left Philadelphia on May 30, 1883, and at once came west, locating at Cheyenne, Wyoming, and there he resided until September, 1883, when he removed to Buffalo, in the same state. His health having improved at once and con- tinuing to improve steadily, he changed his resi- dence shortly afterward to Mead Creek, thirty miles distant from Buffalo, and there passed one winter. In the spring of 1884 he removed to Sheridan, being employed by J. D. Laucks in the grocery business, and he also engaged in the real-estate business for himself, in connec- tion with the practice of law until the fall of 1884, when he was elected justice of the peace. In the spring of 1885 he severed his connection with Mr. Laucks and engaged in the same line of business exclusively for himself and so con- tinued until 1888, when he was appointed post- master of Sheridan, an office he satisfactorily filled for four years. During his incumbency of this office he formed a partnership with E. L. Mills and started a small store in conjunction with the postoffice and also continued acting in his office of justice of the peace. After the ter- mination of his term of service as postmaster. the business of his store having largely in- creased, Mr. Perkins and his partner continued merchandising as E. L. Mills & Co., until Mr. Perkins was appointed as the clerk of the District Court, when he sold out his interest to Mr. Mills. Upon the organization of Sheri- dan county and the admission of Wyoming as a state of the Union, Mr! Perkins was elected and reelected to the same office. In 1803 he re- signed this position and was elected vice-presi- dent of the Bank of Commerce, of which finan- cial institution on July 13. 1893, he was elected president, his present office. In the meantime he had filled all the other official positions of the bank, teller, cashier, etc., having reached PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 437 his present exalted and responsible position strictly through his merits. He now owns a controlling" interest in this bank, the condition of which at this writing may be stated as fol- lows : Capital stock, $30,000; surplus, $25,000; undivided profits, $40,000 ; deposits, $270,000 ; loans, $290,000. The first marriage of Mr. Per- kins took place on December 6, 1887, with Miss Clara Cotten of Lawrence county, Pa., a sister of the late Thomas Cotten, one of the respected early settlers of Sheridan and an able lawyer, who held many prominent positions in the county. Mrs. Perkins was called from earth in July, 1900, and his second marriage was cele- brated on January 15, 1902, -the bride being Miss Rose Hann of Sidney, Iowa, one of the most popular teachers of Sheridan. Mr. Per- kins in 1893 served as the mayor of Sheridan and has also been town trustee and town presi- dent, and may be truthfully designated as one of the most popular men in Sheridan county. He is a Knight of Pythias and is also an able member of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. In society circles Mr. Perkins and fam- ily move in the highest, while as a citizen no man is more highly esteemed in the city or county of Sheridan than this very pleasant gen- tleman and financier. HENRY PERRY. While we cannot, except in a relative sense, call anything old in the civilization of the west- ern states, or claim for it the merit of antiquity, yet there has been crowded into the history of the Great Northwest so much of heroic effort and heroic achievement that the mark of its advancement is as high as those of man)' sec- tions on which rests the majesty of centuries. Surely no race of men have anywhere accom- plished more, braved more, endured more than the pioneers of this state, and among the heroic "oldtimers" of the pioneer period on whom time has set the seal of approval, which seldom comes' except to the departed, no one is more entitled to honorable mention than the venera- ble Henry Perry, who is now living a retired life on Henry's Fork, Uinta county, surrounded by children and children's children, who delight to do him reverence. He was born in St. Louis county, Mo., on January 28, 1830, a son of John and Theresa (Marshall) Perry, natives of Can- ada and Missouri. The father descends from an ancient family of France, the name originally being Paria. Locating in Missouri when a young man, the father there married and re- sided until his death in 1859, his farming opera- tions being broken only by his participation as a soldier in the early Indian wars, wherein he acquitted himself most nobly. His son, Henry, was the ninth of a family of twelve children and, as his childhood's home was on the very fron- tier, he had absolutely no advantages for educa- tion in the schools, for he early engaged in driving mules for the U. S. government, con- tinuing this in the Santa Fe region for two years, then individually conducting freighting with ox-teams from Independence, Mo., to Santa Fe, at that time belonging to Mexico. Returning to Missouri at the end of a year of freighting he remained in his native state until 1851, when he became a "pioneer of pioneers" in Wyoming, where for six years he followed trapping for beaver and hunting buffalo. The Indians were in full possession of the country and many were the wild adventures and thrill- ing were the experiences that fell to the lot of Mr. Perry in the strenuous life of the new lands. Once his train and another one which joined it were attacked by combined bands of Comanches and Kiowas on the Santa Fe trail, the result being the repulse of the Indians. At another time he was in a fight with Indians near the present Sweetwater, where again the whites were successful, the savages having a large number killed. But a volume would scarcely contain all the exciting episodes in which Mr. Perry had part. For many years he conducted a profitable stock business, a few years ago re- tiring from active labor, secure from adverse fortune and firmly fixed in the regard and es- teem of his fellows. He was a resident in his present locality in 1854, when the Mormons built Fort Supply and during the three years of 438 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. their occupancy of it he frequently bought vege- tables of them. When he came across the plains he had six yokes of oxen attached to two wagons, and among his companions in hunting and trapping were Tim Goodwell, Mitchell Harden and Joe and John Baker, the noted Indian scouts, and he was also himself a scout and a guide against the Indians' with the regular troops in 1857, when they were called thither by the report of the Mountain Meadow massacre. On May 17, 1865, and at Virginia City, Montana, Mr. Perry was united in holy marriage with Miss Louisa Wade, a daughter of James and Sarah (Elliott) Wade, natives of Illinois, four of their five children are now living, Sarah, wife of George Herford of Henry's Fork ; Mary T., wife of Charles Eberhart of Rock Springs ; James G. ; Laura, wife of Thomas Casto, a prominent sheepman of Uinta county, Wyo. The youngest, Lillie, who married E. Mason of Lander, is now deceased. James G. Perry, the son of Henry and Louisa (Wade) Perry, was born in the mining camp of Rochester Gulch, Mont., on December 19, 1868, and from the exigencies of the situation his edu- cation in textbooks was necessarily limited. But by diligent study and judicious reading at every opportunity he has acquired a valuable fund of knowledge. He early engaged in the stock business, following it successfully until April 1, 1902, when he transferred his. energies to merchandising at Mountain View, where the qualifications which won his success in his for- mer vocation are still in evidence, showing sat- isfactory results. • He still owns his well-im- proved ranch of 320 acres and five town lots, two at Mountain View and three at Piedmont. His first claim and location of 160 acres was made on Smith's Fork, five miles southwest of his present residence. In politics he is a firm believer in the policies of the Republican party, and gives to its needs an earnest, thoughtful and helpful attention. He married with Miss Nellie Hendrie, a daughter of William M. and Sarah (Oderkirk) Hendrie, at Fort Bridger, Wyo., on April 15, 1893, and their family con- tains two children, Lillie L. and Albert G. The Perry family is one of the long established and sterling families of Uinta county and in the pleasant homes of its various branches a truly pioneer hospitality is graciously displayed. JOHN PETTY. The record of a busy and successful life must ever prove of interest and profit when scanned by the student who would learn of the intrinsic essence of individuality. "The proper study of mankind is man," says one of England's most distinguished poets, a fact demonstrated by all history, for history is but the record of the lives and achievements of men in their relations to one another. In the life of the gentleman whose name furnishes the caption of this re- view there are no thrilling pages, yet it con- tains a record of activity, laudable endeavor and duty well done, which, if properly contemplated, must prove interesting and profitable reading. John Petty is one of the best-known and most popular men of that part of Laramie county, of which he is an honored resident. A south- erner by birth, he is to all intents and purposes a western man, belonging to that large and en- terprising class that has done so much in recent years to develop this part of the American com- monwealth. He was born in Fannin county, Ga., on March 10, 1856, the son of Elijah and Sarah (Parker) Petty, natives of that state. The father, a well-to-do farmer of Fannin county. spent all of his life there, dying on April 27, 1 881, the mother long surviving him, and dy- ing on August 19, 1897. Mr. Petty was reared to agricultural pursuits in his native county and there acquired a fair knowledge of the Eng- lish branches under competent instructors. He grew up a continued help to his father, whom he assisted on the farm until attaining his 'ma- jority, when he began life for himself, choosing for a vocation the time-honored calling of agri- culture, and on March 27, 1881, he was united in marriage with Miss Angeline Woody of Fan- nin county, a daughter of Conrad and Elizabeth (Hunt) Woody, and he immediately thereafter took his bride to the farm he had previously PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 439 been cultivating. The place formerly belonged to his father and came into the son's possession about the time he left home to engage in agri- cultural pursuits upon his own responsibility. Mr. Petty remained in Georgia until 1887, when he sold his place and came to Wyoming, locat- ing on Sand Creek, Laramie county, where he carried on agriculture with success and finan- cial profit until 1891. In that -year he changed his location to the Wheatland district, near which place he followed his chosen calling until be- coming foreman of the ranch on Sybylle Creek, belonging to the Swan Land and Cattle Co., when he moved to that place, which is about seven miles west of Wheatland. As manager of the company's large interests on Sybylle Creek Mr. Petty displayed fine business qualifi- cations and executive ability of a high order. Untiring in his efforts, he has added much to the company's prestige and has extended the scope of its undertakings, proving most efficient and faithful in the discharge of his duties. The ranch is devoted mostly to the raising of hay during the summer and fall and to the feeding of stock in the winter, and embraces an area of hundreds of acres, being one of the largest and most important properties of the kind in this section of the state. In connection with his work as manager of the above ranch Mr. Petty has land of his own on the Wheatland Flats, where for several years he has been en- gaged in cattleraising for himself. He has done well in a financial way, accumulating a liberal competence and surrounding himself with many of the conveniences which make life in the west- ern country pleasant and desirable. He has a comfortable home and his place, although not as large as some others in the district, is well im- proved and presents attractive features, be- speaking the residence of a family of energy and thrift. Mr. Petty takes an active interest in the public affairs of his county and aids and encourages all enterprises tending to its prog- ress and development. In politics he is a Dem- ocrat, and while not a zealous party worker, he keeps himself well posted on the questions and issues of the day, having no hesitancy in ex- pressing his opinions when it becomes necessary to do so. Mr. and Mrs. Petty have ten children, whose names are as follows : Sarah, Elizabeth, Joseph, Victoria, Ran, Hattie, Rosa, John, Car- rie and Cora. Mrs. Petty's father and mother still live on the old family homestead in Fannin county, Ga., where their lives have been spent. They have reached a ripe old age and take great interest in the welfare of their grandchildren who are growing up in the West. THE PHILLIPS BROTHERS. In the development of the great West it is noticeable that many of those who have been at the head of the leading industrial enterprises and other departments of its strenuous en- deavor and limitless possibilities have been cool and well-balanced sons of England, who here find scope for their rugged activities and set the citizens of America object lessons of rare value. And so, when mentioning the leading factors of a new industry of great prospective value to the county of Converse and the city of Douglas in particular, we find the Western Oil Co. (limited) and the Labonte Oil Syndi-. cate of Douglas, pioneer institutions in the de- velopment and exploitation of the petroleum fields of this section of the state, and that their interests are well conserved, protected and for- warded by the Phillips Bros., who have large investments therein and hold the important offi- cial positions of the corporations, in the com- pilation of a volume reviewing the "Progressive Men of Wyoming," they must be catalogued. The Phillips name has ever stood in advance for all that represents high intellectual attain- ments, brilliant commercial ability and citizen- ship of the very highest and most unselfish char- acter, in America some of the most notable ones being that wonderful orator and humanitarian, Wendell Phillips, and the philanthropic founder of those great preparatory schools of New Eng- land, the Phillips Andover and Phillips Exeter academies. The name in England has been synonymous ever with the best civilization, has ranked with the nobilitv and been ranged in the 440 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMIXG. assemblages of knighthood. The subjects of this article descend, through a younger branch, from one of the oldest of Welsh families, which numbers among its members several princes of Wales, who were foremost in aiding the strenu- ous efforts of the Welsh people to preserve the independence of their country, and who were successful in so doing, until the union with Eng- land under Edward I. The family still retains the patriotic motto: "Ducil amor patrice." J. Bevan Phillips, the eldest of the three brothers, who came to Wyoming in the eighties, ranks as a most skillful and successful architect. The love of art and architecture is apparently hered- itary, as within the last two centuries several members of the family have been very prom- inent in the artistic professions.. Thomas Phil- lips, the great-great-grandfather of the Phillips Brothers, held the post of royal architect to his majesty, King George II, and was in charge of all public works under that monarch. He was also an enthusiastic collector of fine pic- tures, which he kept at his country seat in Ox- fordshire. His son, William, was prominent in London as an architect and engineer and there erected many well-known public works. He was killed by a highwayman in 1776. His son William, who was a mere lad at his father's death, followed in his footsteps and prospered exceedingly in the same line of business. John, his son, was very successful as a mining en- gineer until his death, which occurred while the subjects of our sketch were yet children. He married Jane Atkins, who came of a family re- nowned for their legal learning, as is in evi- dence on monuments erected in Westminster Abbey, London. Mr. J. Bevan Phillips, the eldest son of John and Jane (Atkins) Phillips, was born in London on July 21, 1857, received his elementary discipline in that city, supplement- ing this by a five-years' attendance at celebrated schools of Germany, a portion of this time be- ing passed as a student of art at the Royal Academy of Arts at Dresden, Saxony. On his return to England he was apprenticed to Alfred Waterhouse, R. A., L. L. D., remaining with him in the further study of architecture for eight years, being a regular attendant during this pe- riod at the Royal Academy. Following these years of study Mr. Phillips came to America in 1886 and settled in Denver, Colo., where he carried on his profession for many years, erect- ing during that time a number of the most prominent buildings in that city. In 1895 ne came to Wyoming to look into the mining in- dustries of the state. In the course of his in- vestigations he traveled over the greater part of the state, till finally, on the discovery of indi- dications of oil in Converse county, he joined his brother, Arthur W. Phillips, at Douglas, in his efforts to secure the development of this field. Mr. Phillips holds memberships with the Masonic lodge, chapter and commandery at Denver, Colo. Arthur W. Phillips was born in London, England, April 18, 1862, and was edu- cated in England and Germany, afterward pass- ing four years at sea in the merchant-marine service. In 1885, learning of the great oppor- tunities presented to capital, energy and indus- try in ranging cattle in Wyoming, he came hither and established himself in the stock busi- ness, his brother, Lawrence C. Phillips, joining him a year later, and in association they con- tinued ranching until 1891. In 1887 Mr. Phillips married Miss Edith M. B. Greenwood, a daugh- ter of Judge Henry C. Greenwood. Esq., of Stoke-on-Trent, England. They have a family of four girls. Mr. Arthur W. Phillips may justly be called the pioneer in the oil development of Converse county, as he it was who located the first claim in the county. Much credit is due to him and his brother Bevan for the strenuous and unremitting efforts made to interest neces- sary capital, notwithstanding the greatest dis- couragements and often most unreasonable op- position. Lawrence C. Phillips, the third broth- er already mentioned, is a solicitor of the Su- preme Court in ' England. After joining his brothers in Wyoming and passing several years in cattle and horseraising in Albany and Con- verse counties, he again took up the practice of profession in 1891. After a year's residence in Laramie, he finally settled in Denver, Colo., where he devoted himself principally and with PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 44i marked success to the investment business. He married in 1895 Miss S. J. Gates of Laramie, elder daughter of Mr. J. E. Gates, who was joint proprietor with the late Judge Hayford of the "Sentinel," the oldest newspaper of Wyoming. Mr. L. C. Phillips has two children, a girl and a boy. GEORGE F. PFISTERER. The owner of 160 acres of productive land on the bench near Mountain View and having the honor of being a veteran of the Spanish- American War, wherein he very bravely served against a barbarous enemy in the far-away Philippines, George F. Pfisterer has seen much of strange lands, peoples and customs since his birth in New York City on Christmas day, 1864, a son of David and Louisa (Miller) Pfisterer. the father being a native of Wurtemberg, Ger- many, and the mother of Bavaria. The father came to Xew York in 1853 and there conducted a flourishing business as a tailor until he died in Brooklyn on February 18, 1884. He left thir- teen children, of whom the following are living, Henry, George F.. Herman, a soldier in Co. G, Seventeenth U. S. Infantry; Fred, a bridge- builder in New York City ; John, living near Lyman, Wyo. ; Rose, wife of Peter Olsen of Huntsville, Utah ; David, of Nevada. In 1892 the widow married with Harry Weitzel, a retired soldier, of Huntsville, Utah, where they are now living. George F. Pfisterer after his graduation from an excellent high school in New York learned and followed his father's trade of tailor, becoming noted for his skill in the departments of cutting and fitting, and he was associated in business with his father as manufacturing tailors until the death of the parent in 1884. Two years later, on July 6, 1886, the son enlisted in the military service of the United States as a pri- vate in Co. H, Twenty-first U. S. Infantry. Soon after he was made tailor for the company and accompanied the command to Fort Bridger, Wyo., remaining there until the abandonment of the post in 1890, when he accompanied it in its various movements to Salt Lake City, where he was discharged in 1891 at Camp Douglas, from there going to South Dakota, to Buffalo and on to Plattsburg, N. Y., where at the bar- racks he reenlisted in April, 1898, in the same regiment but in Co. E, for service in the Spanish- American War. In Cuba he participated in the historic battle of San Juan Hill, upon his return to New York being transferred to his old com- pany H on February 22, 1899, with which he proceeded to the Philippines, where he was in constant and active service, taking part in the fierce battle of Zapodia Bridge, with the ex- pedition sent from Marong to Paete on July 16 to 20, 1899, in the engagement at Calam- bra on July 26, 2j and 30 and also the later one at Bantanges, being honorably discharged at Laguinoc in the province of Tayabas, Luzon, in April, 1901, immediately coming to the United States and locating temporarily at Huntsville, Utah, from whence he removed to Uinta county, Wyo., in 1902, and settled on his present site. An intelligent citizen, a gallant soldier, a pro- gressive and enterprising commercial force, the community is honored by his residence among its people. He is politically connected with the Republican party and fraternally belongs to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, holding membership at Plattsburg, N. Y., having in his heart the full knowledge of its teachings. ALEXANDER POWERS. One of the proprietors of the active livery business of J. B. Powers & Co., at Sheridan, Wyo., the p'incipal business of the character within a very large scope of country, Alexan- der Powers was born in Gentry county, Mis- souri, on July 29, 1871, being the son of J. B. and Rebecca J. (Whitten) Powers, natives of Virginia who came to Missouri after the close of the Civil War, when their native state was still suffering deeply from the awful effects of that sanguinary contest. The father was a skill- ful blacksmith and an enterprising man who es- tablished a shop for working at his trade in Gentry county and conducted it with vigor until 1893, when he removed to Wyoming and at Sheridan opened an enterprise of the same kind, 442 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. a little later .purchasing the livery barn and outfit which two of his sons are now conducting. He personally carried on his shop and livery busi- ness until his death on July 9, 1901. His son Alexander received a common-school education in his native county and at an early age went into the blacksmithing business in partnership with his father and remained with him until his death, accompanying him to Wyoming in 1893, after that time being connected with him in all his undertakings under the firm-name of J. B. Powers & Co. A few months after the death of his father Mr. Powers took his brother, J. D. Powers, into partnership with him and the es- tablishment was reorganized and has since been conducted under the style of Powers Bros. The business is flourishing and deserves the success it enjoys, for the gentlemen at the head of it understand well all its requirements, sparing no effort to meet them. Their vehicles and rigs are modern in pattern, sufficient in number and of the proper quality to satisfy the demands of an exacting taste as well as to perform the arduous duties often made necessary by distance of travel and inclemency of weather. In politics, Mr. Powers is an ardent Democrat and takes an act- ive part in the campaigns of his party. Its in- terests are always near his heart and his service never flags at the important time of close and effective work. Ye.t he seeks and desires no political office for himself being content to work as a soldier in the ranks. He is also deeply and intelligently interested in everything that per- tains to the welfare of the community, being one of the enterprising citizens who believe in the the future of Sheridan and are willing to give their time and energy towards bringing it for- ward as rapidly as circumstances will' permit. On April 15, 1890, in Hickory county. Mo., was solemnized his marriage with Miss Lillian Dougherty, a native of that state and daughter of William P. and Armelia Dougherty, old set- tlers in their section of old Missouri, where the further carried on a prosperous business as a blacksmith. Three children have blessed their union, Esten, Avery and Verda. They are living at home and brighten and cheer the household. Mr. Powers is distinguished for his common- sense and breadth of view. Neither partisan nor factional interest warps his vision where the general good is concerned, his independence and public spirit being of a strong fiber and excellent grain. He takes hold of any public enterprise with vigor and pushes it with pertinacity. PROF. ARTHUR L. PUTNAM. In every section of our country the influence of New England has been felt, especially in the spread and growth of our educational institu- tions. Wherever her people have planted their family altars they have sent upward to greet the morning sun the curling column from the schoolhouse chimney which proclaimed that the schoolmaster was at hand and invited all comers to his ministrations. And this is well. Our immense educational facilities have been the strength and support of our civil institu- tions. The public school is the sheet anchor on which our ship of state relies with its. confi- dence and hope. Among the educational forces of this western world, particularlv of Wyoming, that are entitled to high regard and honorable mention everywhere, Prof. Arthur L. Putnam is conspicuous by reason of his scholastic at- tainments, his progressive spirit, his valuable services in school work and his creditable rec- ord in public life as an esteemed official in an important position. Professor Putnam was born on August 20, 1858, in Dane county. Wis., the son of George W. and Martha R. (Brewer) Putnam, natives of Vermont, and members of families resident and influential in New England from the earliest Colonial times. George W. Putnam being the first of the line to leave the land of his fathers and seek a home in the West, locating in Dane county. Wis., in 1854. He was a carpenter by trade, but in the West was engaged mostly in farming. He was a near relative of Gen. Israel Putnam of Revolutionary fame, and of other patriots of the name whose deeds adorn the civil and military annals of America in historic periods, showing gallantry in everv war and wisdom in every civil crisis. PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 443 The Am'erican progenitor of this line came to Plymouth, Mass., in 1634. He was Peter Put- nam of sturdy old English ancestry, and ex- emplified in his services to the colony the qual- ities of manliness, self-reliance, breadth of view and lofty courage which have ever distinguished his descendants. They have always been people of positive convictions and stern adherence to them. The professor's father was one of the charter 'members of the Republican party, being a delegate to its first state convention in Wis- consin -in 1856, and following its doctrines through the Civil War as a soldier in the First Wisconsin Heavy Artillery. After the war he settled in Richland county, Wis., and was a farmer there until 1893, then he returned to Vermont to pass the rest of his days, and there died in March, 1899, aged seventy-three years. While living in Richland county, Wis., he held various public positions and in them all gave satisfactory service. He was twice a mem- ber of the State Legislature, was once county clerk, twice being the county superintendent of public instruction. His wife died in 1892 and reposes by his side in the soil of her adopted state. Professor Putnam grew to manhood in Richland county, Wis., and there received his scholastic training. He completed his education at the Richland Center high school, teaching in the neighborhood between times to get the necessary funds. In 1881 he went to Minnesota and remained until 1890, teaching in Olmstead and Ramsey counties. In the fall of 1890 he came to Wyoming as prin- cipal of the schools at Newcastle, a position which he filled continuously until January, 1895, when he resigned to qualify as county clerk, having been elected to that office in the fall of 1894. He has since filled it acceptably, winning in this responsible official station the same measure of public esteem that he had secured through his educational service. In 1896 he was elected as member from Wyoming on the board of directors of the National Educational Association, and still holds firmly to his inter- est in the cause of public education. He is also part owner and the editor of the Newcastle News-Journal, a weekly paper devoted to the advancement of Republican politics and the general welfare of the county. This publication was begun in 1889 when the town of Newcastle was started, and has ever since been the county organ of its party. Professor Putnam has been connected with it since 1893 and he also has an interest in the Garland Mercantile Co. of Gar- land, Neb., and in other commercial enterprises of value. Fraternally he belongs to the Knights of Pythias and the Woodmen of the World at Newcastle and to the Red Men and the Modern Woodmen of America at Cambria, Wyo. On December 23, 1893, at Sundance, he was mar- ried to Miss Eva T. Ogden, a native of Ne- braska and daughter of David and Mary Og- den, emigrants to that state from Illinois. They came to the Black Hills as pioneers in 1876, and Mrs. Putnam's father was a minister in the M. E. church and a merchant at Central City, S. D. They afterward moved to Crook county, Wyo., where he died in 1897, and his widow is now living at Sundance. The Putnams have one child, A. Lorraine, born at Newcas- tle on November 7, 1897. Mrs. Putnam is an active member of the Methodist Episcopal church, earnest in its good works. HON. CHARLES A. REALS. There is no more popular or highly re- spected citizen of Albany county, Wyoming, than the present efficient treasurer of that coun- ty, Hon. Charles A. Reals, who is a sturdy type of the best citizenship of the state and a pub- lic official withoat reproach, whom his fellow citizens delight to honor, and a man whose name is a synonym for probity, fair dealing and popu- larity. He was born in Onondaga county, N. Y. on October 19, 1843, being a son of William A. and Catherine (Foltz) Reals, natives of the Empire State. He was the third of a family of six children and grew to man's estate in Onon- daga county, attending the public schools in the vicinity of his home until he had attained to the age of eighteen years, when he was among the first to respond to the patriotic call of President 444 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. Lincoln for troops to defend the integrity of the Union, and enlisted as a member of Battery F, Third New York Artillery for service in the Union army of the Civil AVar and he was in active service for four years, until the close of the rebellion. He was in many important en- gagements and saw some of the greatest move- ments and slaughter ever seen on a field of battle, but was fortunate enough to escape without ser- ious injury and was mustered out of service as a non-commissioned officer in 1865. Returning • to New York he remained there but a short time before he accepted a position on the railroad at Scranton, Pa., and thither removed with his family. He remained there until 1869 when he removed his residence to the then territory of Wyoming. Here he entered the employ of the Union Pacific Railway as a locomotive engineer and for twenty-nine years he continued in that position, one of the most trusted employes of the road, being frequently called upon for special service when unusual skill and care were re- quired. He had the fullest confidence of his em- ployers and the highest regard of the people of .the community in which he maintained his home. Upon the admission of Wyoming as a state in the Union, Mr. Reals was nominated and elected as a member of the First Legislative Assembly of the state, and served one term in that capacity. He was a faithful and able representative of the people, devoted to the interests of his con- stituents. Several important measures of legis- lation especially affecting the railroad interests of the state were introduced by him and through his efforts and influence were enacted into laws. He also served as a member of the board having charge of the Wyoming Soldier's Home, being an earnest and conscientious member. In 1898 he was nominated and elected county treasurer of Albany county, and discharged the duties of that responsible position in a manner so satisfactory to the people, that in 1900 he was renominated and reelected by an overwhelming majority. He has earned a wide reputation as one of the most faithful and efficient officials of the state and his friends have suggested that his record in office has been so high as to fairly entitle him to become a candidate for the office of state treas- urer. Politically, he has all his life been an ar- dent member of the Republican party and one of the leaders in public life in both county and state. Fraternally, he is affiliated with the order of Freemasons, being a member of the chapter, commandery and Mystic Shrine. He also be- longs to the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, also to the Grand Army of the Republic and to the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers. He has been twice the representative of the local division of the latter order in the International Division and is held in high esteem by the Brotherhood. In 1864, Mr. Reals was united in marriage with Miss Lizzie Rice, at Syracuse, N. Y. Mrs. Reals was a native of New York, her parents being well-known and highly re- spected residents of that state. Mr. and Mrs. Reals have two children, Frank and Harry, both of whom are living and the home is noted for its generous hospitality. Mr. Reals is one of the foremost men of his section of the state, and one of the most valued citizens of Wyoming. CHARLES REID. One of the prominent stockmen of Converse county, Wyoming, the late Charles Reid, for- merly a resident of Spring Hill, was a native of Alabama, born in the city of Montgomery on July 5, 185 1. His father was a very prominent planter and one of the leading citizens of Ala- bama, where his son Charles attained to years of maturity and received his early academical training in the public schools. After complet- ing his education he remained with his parents until he had attained twenty-one years, assist- ing his father in the management of the planta- tion. In 1872, he resolved to seek his fortune in the far West, and came to the then territory of Colorado and engaged in mining in the vi- cinity of Leadville for about three years, meet- ing with success. At the end of that time he removed his residence to another portion of Colorado, where he engaged in ranching and stockraising. He continued in this occupation in Colorado until the spring of 1883, when he PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 445 moved to Wyoming. He first located on Rock Creek, in Albany county, where he remained, until the following- year and then went to Fort Fetterman, and entered into the hotel business and was also the owner of a freighting line be- tween Fort Fetterman and Buffalo, Wyo. At the same time he served as a deputy sheriff of the county, remaining there until 1886. He then took up a fine ranch on a branch of Labonte Creek, where he established his home and re- mained for seven years actively engaged in rais- ing cattle and horses. In this venture he was very successful and in March, 1892, he dis- posed of his ranch and stock to good advantage and removed his residence to the city of Doug- las, where he continued to reside until his de- cease. During the summer of 1892 he pur- chased a large band of sheep and engaged ex- tensively in sheepraising and woolgrowing in Converse county, and also purchased the Elk restaurant at Douglas, which he was conducting with profit when he died. He was the owner of about 1,500 acres of land before his death, being one of the leading business men of his section of the county. While looking after his stock interests in Nebraska he was there taken with a sudden illness and died on March 15, 1899, and was buried at Douglas, Wyo- ming. Politically, he was a stanch Repub- lican, and took an active and prominent part in the councils and management of his party. He was one of the most valued citizens of Converse county and his death was a serious loss to that section of the state. On October 7, 1880, Mr. Reid was united in mar- riage with Miss Eliza Collins, a native of In- diana and the daughter of Peter and Nancy (Blair) Collins, also natives of that state. Her father followed the occupation of farming in his native state and removed from the.re in 1867 to Kansas and, settling in the southeastern sec- tion of that commonwealth, continued there in the same pursuit up to the time of his decease, which occurred in 1873. The mother is still liv- ing and now makes her home in Missouri. Mr. and Mrs. Reid have four children, Charles, George, Margaret and Florence, all of whom are at home with their mother. After the death of her husband Mrs. Reid continued to reside at Douglas, carrying on extensive operations in sheepraising and woolgrowing, but in June, 1902, she purchased a ranch on Mill Creek, about twenty-five miles south of Douglas, where she has since made her home. She is now the owner of about 2,200 acres of land and controls large tracts of leased lands and her business has proved to be very profitable. Her two sons, now young men of nearly twenty years of age, still remain with their mother and assist in the management of the property. She is a member of the Episcopal church and is a superior woman of great force of character,, being held in high esteem. J. DE FOREST RICHARDS. Standing solidly in the front rank of the monetary institutions of Wyoming is the First National Bank of Douglas, which was established in 1886 with a capital of $75,000 and has been a pronounced and helpful factor in the develop- ment of Converse county, showing now the healthful condition of Douglas and surrounding country in its deposits of $300,000, and intimately connected with the affairs of the bank for the past five years ,has been J. De Forest Richards, who was born in Camden, Wilcox county, Ala., on November 28, 1874, the only son of the late governor of Wyoming, Hon. De Forest Richards. (See his sketch elsewhere in- this volume.)' The son received his educational discipline in the place of his birth until he was twelve years of age when the family home was removed to Nebraska, where he attended the public schools for two years, thereafter becoming a student at the St. Paul's School of Concord, N. H., from which he was graduated in the class of 1892. Coming then to Wyoming he was for two years identified with merchandising in the store of Richards, Cunningham & Co., at Casper, thence going to Ann Arbor, Mich., and matriculating in the University of Michigan, located at that place, finishing there in 1 Beinsr thus equipped for the activities of life he came to 446 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. Wyoming, became the assistant cashier of the First National Bank of Douglas, and in January, 1901, he was elected its vice-president. The commodious building occupied by the bank was erected in 1886 and is constructed of brick with stone facings, the ground floor being fully taken up by the bank proper, its banking rooms and vaults. Everything is in harmonious taste and arrangement, and the whole is an ornament to the city. The business has been steadily in- creasing, during the last four years forging rapidly ahead and the finances are in very healthy condition with a bright outlook, the deposits, as before mentioned, now touching the $300,000 mark. Mr. Richards is interested in the stock business as treasurer of the Richards-Coombs Co., which deals exclusively in sheep, their ranch property lying south and west of Douglas, which is their headquarters, and also as the treas- urer of the Chambers Live Stock Co., their ranch being located on the Cheyenne River in Weston county. Fraternally, Mr. Richards is a Free- mason and politically he supports the Republican party with a strong, persistent energy. E. P. ROHRBAUGH, M. D. In the character of Doctor Rohrbaugh are to be seen many of the elements derived from the strong, sturdy Pennsylvania-Dutch ancestry from which he has descended. He is now in medical practice at Casper, Wyoming, recog- nized as an able, scholarly and a talented mem- ber of the professional ranks of the state. He was born in York county, Pa., on December 25, 1858, the son of Peter and Elizabeth (Bortner) Rohrbaugh, both of whom and their ancestors were residents of that extremelv fertile county, where they followed agricultural pursuits. His parents had ten children and at the time of the Civil War the father was too old and the sons too young to bear arms, but a brother-in-law, Daniel Krout, served through the war and now carries a bullet received in his service. Edwin P. Rohrbaugh received his preliminary educa- tion in the public schools of York county and, beino- a close and avidious student, his taste led him to fit himself at once for professional life, and after his graduation from the high school at Glenrock, York county, he entered the peda- gogic field for two years and then commenced his preparation for medical knowledge by studying under the competent tutelage of Doc- tor Gladfelter, supplementing this by an at- tendance at and graduation from the University of Maryland on March 3, 1881, his class stand- ing and his clinical worfc evincing his natural qualifications for his chosen field. His first field of practice was at Glenrock, Pa., and the people of this place, who had known him as boy and youth, soon found him to be a man of worth and integrity, possessed of skill, good judgment and professional ability. For six years he held here a representative practice and then he essayed a westward flight to Ellis, Kan., and until his removal in 1891 to Chey- enne, Wyo., he was the local surgeon of the Union Pacific Railroad at that place. From 1 89 1 until 1899 ne held the same position at Cheyenne with the Union Pacific as at Ellis, in connection therewith acquiring an extensive practice among a distinctively flattering class of patrons, holding also the position of county physician and winning many and valuable friends in social life. The marked advantages of the thriving city of Casper appealing to him, in 1899 he established himself here as a physician and surgeon, and here he isnow in active and ex- tensive practice, having- acquired a valuable clientele, drawn to him by his unusual profes- sional skill, as manifested in diagnosis and treatment and his coolness and steadiness as well as deftness as a surgeon. He is a member of the State Medical Society, the medical ex- aminer for the New York Mutual, the Equita- ble, the Union Mutual, the Germania and the Hartford Life Insurance Cos., holds the posi- tion of "medical appointer" for the state of Wyoming for the Providence Assurance Co., and is also the county physician. He is also a U. S. pension examiner, receiving the appoint- ment from President McKinley. and was re- cently appointed by Governor Richards as a member of the State Medical Board. Doctor PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 447 Rohrbaugh has maintained his student habits and keeps in touch with the rapid advances, made in the sciences of medicine and surgery, as well as in all literary and other scientific thought. ' His ability in his professional life, his personal characteristics and his exalted con- nection with the fraternal organizations have caused him to be one of the best-known men of the state, for in the brotherhood of Freemasons he has been for one year the grand master of the Grand Lodge of Wyoming, and he has also in the Scottish Rite received the Thirty-second degree. He is a member of the Woodmen of the World and of the United Workmen. Doc- tor Rohrbaugh was united in marriage on March 31, 1881, with Miss Ella J. Hengst, a daughter of Henry Hengst, a prominent citi- zen of York county, Pa. Their children are Anna C, Mrs. R. F. Potter of Douglas, Wyo., to whom was born a daughter, now deceased; Charles H., deceased; Ada B., wife of A. J. Cun- . ningham, a banker of Casper, and Harry Wil- liam. Doctor Rohrbaugh has commodious and finely equipped offices fitted up to enable' him to take advantage of the treatment of disease by electrical and compressed air processes, and has in use the latest and best improved appa- ratus and appliances. His high standing in the community and state rests not alone on his professional worth, but in the sterling qualities manifested in his every day life. PROF. DANIEL C. ROYER. The proud position occupied by America among nations of the world is largely attribut- able to the high standing and superior excel- lence of her enormous educational facilities, which now comprise the best products of public spirit, private benefaction and enlightened in- vestigation in every department from the rural common school to the highest university, and as well the most systematic and practical courses of special training for the various pursuits of life, particularly in commercial and industrial lines of activity. Whatever other countries provide in the way of educational privileges for the young, we are blessed with many and excellent institu- tions, designed for instruction and training in the practical duties of life, and in them the un- flagging diligence, the clear insight and the con- scientious devotion of their "devoted army of teachers make up a force for good that is im- measurable in value although often, even by its beneficiaries, unappreciated in usefulness in its true proportions. Among the men who have achieved success and popular esteem and ap- proval in one of these special departments of education, in the state of Wyoming, none is more entitled to honorable mention and high praise that Prof. D. C. Rover, principal and proprietor of the Cheyenne Business College, the only in- stitution of its kind in the state. He is a native of Lanark, 111., where he was born on May 12, 1862, the youngest of the seven children of Daniel and Sarah (Butterbaugh) Rpyer, and until he attained his majority he resided at home, attending the public schools in his neigh- borhood and by diligent application acquiring such a fund of useful information and such a systematic mental development that he was able when he left school to pass the required ex- amination and secure a teacher's certificate of high grade. After teaching for three years in the district schools of Iowa he removed to Colorado and engaged in educational work at Cheyenne Wells, but soon accepted a position as instructor in the Central Business College of Denver, en- tering upon his duties in 1890 and retaining the place for six years. In 1896 he left this institu- tion and started a commercial school of his own at Cheyenne, but soon after, with a view of pre- paring himself for more effective work as a teacher of all branches included in the course of a first-class business college he entered the Atheneum at Chicago, where he pursued a full commercial course, and also took a postgraduate course in stenography at Dement's famous Short- hand school in the same city. In July, 1899, ne founded the commercial department of the Wyo- ming State University at Laramie and had charge of it for two years. He then reestablished the Cheyenne Business College at the capital city, and has been its guide and its inspiration, 448 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMIXG. its directing force and its vital breath from the first. This institution has had almost unprece- dented success and from its halls, hallowed by labors of conscientious teachers and earnest and ambitious students - , have gone forth to all parts of the country young ladies and gentlemen thoroughly trained in the science, the practice and the ethics of business life, and capable of meeting worthily its calls to duty in every field. As an instructor in the various branches making up the curriculum of his school Professor Royer has a well established position in the front rank." He is endowed by nature with a strong mentality and has been thoroughly trained by intellectual and professional discipline, so that he has mas- tered the rare and priceless art of imparting in- stuction in the best form and with the least loss of effort on the part of giver and receiver. He has moreover a winning personality which at- tracts and retains warm friendships and enables him to secure for each pupil in his care the best- results attainable. The school grows steadily in the number and character of its patrons, and has exerted a beneficial influence in business circles in Cheyenne, and other cities and towns within its reach, enormous in volume and priceless in quality. In a very large and appreciable sense Professor Royer has been a benefactor of his kind, for by supplying the means of superior business training, he has prepared many young people for useful and honorable stations, who otherwise might have struggled through life in unwelcome subordinate positions, with adverse circumstances ever a barrier to loftier success. His record already written is but a forerunner of his larger and farther-reaching usefulness in the future, and embodies the promise of the greater school into which his present enterprise is destined to surely grow. Professor Royer was united in marriage with Miss Gusta Ellis, a daughter of S. J. Ellis of Adel, Dallas county, Iowa, a well-known farmer near that place and ' at one time sheriff of the county. The mar- riage was celebrated in Adcl in 1885, and brought to the Professor the aid of a cultivated lady in his life work, which she brightens by her presence and lightens by teaching ably in the shorthand department of the school. They have one child, a son named Russell, born in Denver, Colo., on July 14, 1890. HENRY BATH. The subject of this brief sketch is one of the pioneers of Wyoming and an active factor in the building up of the industries of the state. He came to Laramie as early as 1868 and erected the first frame building at that place. Through all the stages of development he has been a leading participant, and has watched the develop- ment of the country from a wild and barbarous state to its present condition of prosperity, and civilization. He was born November 25, 1832, in Germany, the son of Herman and Hannah (Miller) Bath, also natives of the Fatherland, where his father was born in 1796 and followed the occupation of hatter up to 1848, when he re- moved his residence to America and settled in the city of New York, where he resided en- gaged in his business of manufacturing hats until 1866. He then removed with his family to Iowa and there remained until 1880. when he again moved his residence, coming to the then territory of Wyoming and locating in Laramie. Here he died at the advanced age of eighty-four years and was buried there. The mother passed away at the age of seventy-six years and was also buried at Laramie. Henry Bath grew to man's estate in his native land of Germany, and received • there his early educational training in the public schools. At an early age he cam? with his parents to New York City, where he learned cabinetmaking. and continued in that occupa- tion in New York until the commencement of the Civil War. He then enlisted in Co. B. Forty- fifth New York Infantry, and served for four vcars. being a most gallant soldier until the close of the Civil War. After being mustered out of service, he went to Iowa, where he estab- lished his home and remained in business until 1868. He then concluded to seek his fortune in the far West and coming to the then terri- tory of Wyoming, he established himself at Laramie and immediatelv there erected the first PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 449 framed house of the infant town and conducted a successful hotel business for about two years, when he sold out and purchased a ranch on the Little Laramie River, about fifteen miles north-' west of Laramie, and engaged in ranching and stockraising. In this enterprise he has met with substantial success, and is now counted as one of the solid business men and property owners of that section of the county. The industry, thrift and frugality which he inherited from his Ger- man ancestry have enabled him to build up a fine property, and in. the evening of his long and useful life, he is enjoying the fruits of his many years of activity, being held in high esteem by all classes. In 1858, in New York City, he was united in marriage with Miss Catherine Fisher, a native of Germany whose parents were highly respected citizens of that country. She died in 1897 at the age of sixty years, being also buried at Laramie. To their union were born eight children, William, Philip, Alfred, Fred- erick, Lucy, Herman (deceased), Emma, Kath- erine. The family are highly respected in the community as ranking among the best citizens of Albany county. MELVILLE N. BALDWIN. One of the most serviceable, not to say nec- essary occupations among men is that of the merchant. Whatever else may happen, the wants of man in the way of food, clothing and necessary implements of toil must be supplied, and the purveyor or dispenser of these is a real benefactor, even if he should carry on his busi- ness primarily for his own profit and advantage. One of the leading merchants of Fremont coun- ty, in this state, and one who has rendered sig- nal service to his fellows in this capacity is Mel- ville N. Baldwin of Lander. It may with pro- priety be said that he was born and bred to the business, for, although he was well educated at one of the best of the eastern colleges, all the tendencies and environments of his life from childhood inclined him to the line of activity in which he has found expression for his facul- ties and their proper and congenial employ- ment. Mr. Baldwin was born in the state of Nevada on July 3, i860, the son of Major Noyes and Josephine (Wright) Baldwin, the father be- ing a native of New York and the mother of Connecticut. In 1866 they removed from Ne- vada to Wyoming, settling on the site of Lan- der, and here their son Melville attended the primitive schools until he was old enough to go to college, when he was sent to Emmitsburg, Md., for a full academic course at Mount St. Mary's Colleg-e, an old and renowned institu- tion of learning under the control of the Catho- lic church, which has many of the most distin- guished men of the country on the roll of its alumni. After leaving college he returned to Wyoming 'and began active business life as a clerk and salesman in his father's store. In due time he became well established in the confi- dence and esteem of the community and was chosen county treasurer. This office he filled for four years and, on retiring from it in 1890, bought his father's interest in the store and has since personally conducted this growing mer- cantile enterprise. The store is a general one and the stock embraces everything needed for a community of such varied pursuits and con- ditions of life as obtain at Lander, and, al- though large and varied, is kept up-to-date in every respect, Mr. Baldwin being a close stu- dent of the wants of his patrons and a gentle- man of great enterprise in supplying them. Under his directing skill the business has flour- ished steadily, the highest standards in goods and methods have been maintained, strict prob- ity, politeness and considerate attention to- wards customers on the part of employes have been enforced, all of the elements of a good business management have been preserved and exemplified, and this has given to the establish- ment its great popularity in the community and to its proprietor his high standing in the commercial world. On September 24, 1884, at Lander, Mr. Baldwin was united in marriage with Miss Mary Ewing, a native of England and daughter of John and Elizabeth Ewing, also English by nativity. Four children have blessed their union and added sunshine and merriment to their pleasant home. Harry N., Chester E., Eleanor and Marion. 45° PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. WILFORD W. LUCE. Born in the interesting and progressive Mor- mon metropolis, which in its origin and its growth is one of the wonders of this land of wonders, and living there until he was thirteen years old, and since that time at various times a resident of Montana, Idaho and Wyoming, Wilford W. Luce, a leading citizen and promin- ent stockgrower of Fremont county, with head- quarters on Green River twelve miles east of Bigpiney, is in all respects a product of the great Northwest and an excellent representative of the citizenship and business activity of that section of our country. His life began at Salt Lake City, Utah, on January 4, 1865, where his parents, Wilford W. and Anna (Quamby) Luce, are still living. They were respectively natives of Maine and England, and came to Utah late in the for- ties. The father after he grew to manhood cul- tivated a farm and drove a pony express and also an overland stage in the early days of settle- ments and their family consisted of eight chil- dren, of whom three are still living. -In his na- tive city Mr. Luce attended the public schools un- til he was thirteen years old, then, taking up the burden of life for himself, he went to work on the Oregon Short Line Railroad, following its course in parts of Wyoming, Idaho and Montana. At Idaho Falls (Eagle Rock) he located a home- stead, on which he lived three years, thence re- moving to Boise but there remained but a short time. From Boise he came to Uinta county, Wyo., and in 1888 located on the ranch he now occupies in Fremont county, which is one of the desirable tracts of land in the fertile Green River valley, situated about twelve miles east of Big- piney. It consists of 960 acres of fine meadow land, is well improved, and under careful culti- vation yields abundant crops, while large herds of Hereford and Shorthorn cattle here are amply provided for and for which it is the home. Mr. Luce is largely engaged in the cattle industry, being an extensive skipper of his product to the Eastern markets. As might naturally be in- ferred from his standing in business circles, be is a man of affairs and takes great interest in the development and progress of the community. The county and the state are indebted to him for valuable aid in all the best esteemed avenues of educational and commercial activity, his in- fluence and example being of great weight among all classes of the people in whose midst he lives. On October 24, 1898, Mr. Luce was married to Miss Essie Wilson, who was born and reared in Illinois, the daughter of John C. and Elizabeth A. (Mallory) Wilson, natives of Kentucky and Illinois respectively, her father being a popular dealer in agricultural implements. The family home is brightened and enlivened by three chil- dren, Wilford, Frank and Vivian. HON. AMOS W. BARBER. One of the young men of Wyoming whose success has been notable, and whose career has been crowned with distinguished honor, is Doctor and former Governor Amos W. Barber, now a leading physician of Cheyenne, who was born at Doylestown, Bucks county, Pa., on April 26, 1 861, a son of Alfred H. and Asenath (Walker) Barber, also natives of the Keystone State. For many generations the family has borne a promi- nent part in the life of the American Republic, participating with distinction in many trying scenes of the country's history. During the War of the Revolution and in the War of 1812, the ancestors of the Doctor were conspicuous for their gallantry and patriotic devotion, while dur- ing the Civil War the father of Doctor Barber was an important figure in the special secret ser- vice work of the U, S. government, often re- ceiving from his superiors in office' distin- guished marks of their approval of the faithful and efficient manner in which he had performed delicate and difficult duties. Amos W. Barber was the fifth of a family of six children growing to manhood in his native town, and he received his early scholastic training in the academy lo- cated at that place. After completing his aca- demic course he matriculated at the University of Pennsylvania, and there pursued a full literary and medical course of study, being graduated in the class of '83. His career as a student was '/.LUCE N. W. LUGE PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 451 marked by distinction, and upon his graduation he was tendered a position as regular resident physician at the University hospital, was ap- pointed staff physician at the Childrens' hospital and the Pennsylvania hospital and was made a substitute resident physician at the Episcopal hospital. He served in these highly responsible positions for two years and acquired great credit for the very able manner in which he discharged his duties. In 1885 he was selected to take charge of the military hospital at Fort Fetterman, Wyo., and shortly after his arrival at that post, he received an appointment as an acting assistant surgeon in the U. S. army. While serving in this capacity, he was directed to accompany the noted military expedition com- manded by General Crook to Arizona and, upon his return from that arduous service, he was stationed at Fort Russell and afterward at Fort Fetterman. During this period he acquired a high reputation among the settlers residing in the vicinity of those military posts as a physician and surgeon, especially for 'his skill in treating gunshot wounds and also rattlesnake bites. His treatment of the latter was by means of perman- ganate of potassium, suggested by S. Wier Mitchell, M. D., and he met with marked suc- cess in counteracting the insidious poison of the reptiles by this treatment. Faithful in the con- scientious discharge of every professional duty, never sparing himself when extraordinary effort became necessary to bring relief to those in dis- tress, he soon became one of the most popular men in Wyoming. It is said that on one occa- sion he rode over fifty miles to attend the young daughter of a frontier ranchman who had been bitten by a rattlesnake, and upon finding that she could not have the treatment at home which the severity of the case required, he carried the child the fifty miles of distance to his office, where the proper remedies were applied and a cure affected. In 1886 his private practice had so expanded that he resigned his commission in the army that he might give his entire time and attention to medicine and surgery and en- tered upon general practice. He was soon after tendered the position of physician in charge of 38 the hospital of the Wyoming Stock Association, and was engaged in a highly successful medical practice throughout the entire territory until 1890. Upon the admission into the Union of Wyoming as a state in that year he received the nomination of the first Republican State Con- vention for the office of secretary of state, and at the succeeding election he was elected by an overwhelming majority. On the same state ticket with him in 1890, the present U. S. Senator, Hon. Francis E. Warren, had been elected to the high office of governor, and at the session of the First Legislative Assembly under the state government Senator Warren was chosen U. S. Senator. In accordance with the provisions of the state constitution the secre- tary of state then succeeded to the official duties of the governor, and Doctor Barber thus became' the acting governor of the state. His adminis- tation was a notable one in the history of the state, and was characterized by ability and fidelity in the performance of the responsible duties of that high office. During his term of office there were several crises in the history of Wyoming, which for a time threatened to im- peril the safety of her institutions, among them being the great Pine Ridge Indian outbreak of 1 89 1 and the serious difficulties between the cattle and sheepowners of Wyoming in 1892, called the Rustler War. In each instance acting Governor Barber acted with firmness and de- cision, at once calling out the militia to suppress insurrection, protect life and property and to en- force the laws. He also called upon the Federal Government for assistance and, by the prompt- ness and strength of his official action, quelled the uprisings, prevented mob violence and main- tained peace and the dignity and the majesty of the laws of both the state and the nation. Had an official of less determination and force of char- acter then occupied the gubernatorial chair, re- sults might have followed so serious to the re- putation of Wyoming as to set the state many years backward in its march of progress. The people of the state of Wyoming and of the entire West owe a debt of gratitude to Governor Bar- ber for the efficient and efficacious manner in 45 2 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. which he stood for law and order and enforced respect for the laws. Time, which sets all things right, has long since vindicated him from thoughtless criticisms of his action which came from certain quarters, and in the future prosper- ity of Wyoming and her reputation as a law- abiding state will be a lasting monument to the wisdom and nobility of his official action while its chief executive. While in official position Doctor Barber continued his professional prac- tice and at the end of his term of service as governor, he again gave his full attention to his medical practice. In this he has met with dis- tinguished success and for many years he has been one of the leading members of his profes- sion in the West. Possessed of literary tastes, he has contributed largely to medical journals on the treatment of gunshot wounds- and snake- bites, with' which his long experience in the army and on the frontier have made him so fa- miliar, and he has also contributed stories and articles on western life to Harper's Weekly and other publications. In 1892 Governor Barber was united in marriage with Miss Amelia Kent, a daughter of Thomas A. Kent, a leading citi- zen of the .city of Cheyenne, and their home in that city is a center for a hospitality that is as warm and generous as it is gracious, cultured and refined. At the beginning of the Spanish- American War, Doctor Barber again entered the service of the United States as an assistant surgeon, receiving this appointment at the hands of Surgeon-General Sternberg, and continues in that service, while pursuing his general practice. He has accumulated considerable property, and is foremost in movements calculated to benefit the city of his residence or the state of his adop- tion. Public-spirited, progressive and success- ful in his profession, as well as in general busi- ness transactions, he is one of the most popular men of Wyoming, and one of the state's most prominent citizens. Fraternally, he is affiliated with theMasonic order as a member of the Com- mandery of Knights Templar and a Thirty-sec- ond degree mason of the Scottish Rite, having the ethics and the teachings of the fraternity as his cardinal rules of action. . BISHOP S. R. BROUGH. The Church of Jesus Christ of the Latter Day Saints has ever retained in its far-reaching service and manifold labors for the propagation of its faith the consecrated efforts of the most zealous and self-abnegating disciples. Xo pri- vations, no obstacles and no dangers have ever been sufficient to deter its missionaries from carrying their message to the uttermost corners of the earth ; no person has been so humble as to be denied its succor and kindly ministration, and its noble emissaries have also been the lead- ers in the industrial labors and activities that have to such a remarkable degree transformed the western deserts into smiling gardens and lands teeming with bounteous harvests. Among those who have earnestly and faithfully labored in both the material and the spiritual depart- ments of the life and progress of this religion, and been signally favored in both ministerial labors and industrial activities, Bishop Samuel R. Brough of Lyman, Wyoming, stands forth conspicuously. His great-grandfather, Richard Brough, descended from an ancient family of England, and his son Richard, the grandfather of the Bishop, was a soldier under the Duke of Wellington at the battle of Waterloo, and re- ceived a pension for his army service until his death. Thomas Brough learned both the ma- son's and carpenter's trades, but after his mar- riage until he came to America in 1858. he chiefly conducted farming. He married Jane Patterson, a native of Scotland, and to them, on August 20, 1857, on American soil, in Madi- son county, 111., near the city of Alton, was born a son, Samuel R., now Bishop Brough. Seven years of his childhood were passed in Illinois, and then the family came on the long dreary journey across the plains to L T tah. utilizing ox- teams for their carriage. In Morgan county they located, and there in 1882 occurred the death of the father at fifty-four years, the moth- er still surviving him in that state. Of their nine children Samuel was the fourth, and after receiving his educational discipline in the merit- orious schools of Utah he engaged in lumbering PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 453 in Morgan county for five years, in that con- nection also running a sawmill and manufactur- ing shingles and other lumber. Then, becoming an elder of the church of his belief, his prose- lyting spirit carried him across the Atlantic to England, Scotland and Ireland, where he did yeoman service as a preacher of his faith for four years, gathering man)- converts into the fold and being greatly blessed in his labors. As is the custom in his church, all of his expenses were defrayed by himself, which fact indicates the strength of this devoted missionary's loy- alty. After this effective and exhausting cam- paign Elder Brough returned to Utah, poor in purse and almost homeless, and labors equal- ly as vigilant and energetic were demanded in the. strenuous struggle for existence, so he came to Uinta county, Wyo., where the virgin soil waited but the touch of skilled husbandry to awake its bounteous capabilities, and made claim to 160 acres of government land at Ly- man, which from its advantageous location, was later set aside by the leaders of the church for a town site. Here he has given his atten- tion to farming and to raising superior strains of stock, making specialties of graded Durham and Jersey cattle and of thoroughbred Berk- shire and Poland-China hogs, being prospered in his industry and having rapidly increased the size of his droves and herds. He is now the owner of 560 acres of land in his home place, all under fence, with a sufficient quantity of water permanently available to answer all de- mands for many years. His ranch is one of the superior homes of the county, being well equipped with residences of convenient size and of modern architecture, outbuildings, sheds, corrals and other essentials to successful farm- ing in this state. He also owns his own thresh- ing machine, which greatly facilitates the mar- keting of his bounteous crops. In addition to his farming and stock operations he has con- ducted successful merchandising here, and con- tinues the enterprise to some extent in the sale of farm implements, machinery, etc. To show the extent of the prosperity that has come to the good Bishop since locating here it is only necessary to state that on his arrival he was compelled to borrow the money necessary to complete the filing of his land. Bishop Brough was installed in his bishopric of the Lyman ward in 1898, and he has discharged its functions with signal ability in both a spiritual and an execu- tive way, and the church has thriven greatly un- der his ministration, having now a membership of 600 and the largest church edifice in the state. Bishop Brough was first married in Salt Lake City on June 2, 1881, to Miss Phoebe A. Cherry, daughter of James and Laura (Brat- tan) Cherry, natives respectively of Kentucky and Iowa, while her grandparents, Benjamin and Margaret Cherry, were also lifelong residents of the Blue Grass state. Their children are Thomas J., Samuel J., Ernest L., Wallace C, Laura A., Nettie M., Byron C, who died on September 1, 1891, and an infant that died un- named. A second marriage occurred in Octo- ber, 1886, in Utah, to Miss Eliza Carter, a daughter of Samuel and Sarah (Day) Carter, natives of England. By this marriage are six children, Horace, Franklin R., Viola, Chester, Eveline and Hiram. JAMES BROWN. James Brown, a prominent citizen and man of affairs of Evanston, Wyoming, was born on May 24, 1861, at Calderbank, Lanarkshire, Scotland, the son of James and Isabella (Dick) Brown. His father was also a native of Lan- arkshire, having been born in Carluke, of that shire, on September 21, 1834, but his education was received at Glasgow up to the age of fif- teen years, when he was apprenticed to the trade of mechanical engineering, which he fol- lowed until 1882, or near his fiftieth year. At this time he came to America, and journeyed west to Evanston, Wyo. It was no longer nec- essary for him to continue work at his trade, and he spent the last ten or twelve years of his life in retirement in Bear Lake county, Idaho. He died on his birthday in 1896, being exactly sixtv-two years old. His remains lie buried in the cemeterv in the town of Libertv, Idaho. Mrs. 454 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. James Brown, nee Isabella Dick, mother of the present James, was born on August 10, 1838, in Carmyle, Scotland, a daughter of John and Elizabeth (Brown) Dick, and was married in i860. She died in Bear Lake county, Idaho, on the morning of July 4, 1894, a little over two years before her husband. Her father also emigrated from Scotland to America, crossing the plains by ox-teams to Salt Lake City, where he lived the life of a farmer. James Brown, the subject of this notice, came to the United States in 1878, being then seventeen years of age and master of the blacksmith's trade. He located first in Salt Lake City, where he followed his trade of blacksmith for a year and a half, and from Salt Lake City he went to the Almy coal mines in Wyoming and remained there six months, thereafter in Evanston, Wyo., he con- tinued at his trade for thirteen years. Here he was appointed deputy county clerk under John R. Arnold, and in the fall of 1894 he was elected county clerk of Uinta county and has been three times reelected to that office. He is a Democrat in his political affiliations and a man of enterprise and energy in every relation. He is president of the Medical Butte Oil Co., and the secretary of the Last Chance Oil Co. He was ordained a bishop of the Church of Latter Day Saints of Evanston on November 11, 1883, by Apostle Albert Carrington, of Salt Lake City and has since held this office. He married on July 27, 1882, Miss Christiena Hun- ter, born in Salt Lake City, a daughter of Adam and Elizabeth (Patterson) Hunter, who came from Scotland and crossed the plains in an ox wagon. This union has been blessed with seven children, James, Elizabeth or Bessie, Isabella, Tiena, Adam, William G. and Frank. FRED BOND. Distinguished as a professional man and of- cial and holding marked prestige as a citizen, Fred Bond of this review during the last twenty years has been actively identified with the his- tory of Wyoming. Called to fill positions of honor and trust he has shown himself worthy of the confidence reposed in him and in the high office he now holds has won a conspicuous place among the leading public men of the state. He is a son of Avery J. and Adaline (Dennis) Bond and was born in Johnson county, Iowa, on June 30, 1856, the father being a native of Pennsylvania and the mother of Ohio ; these parents had four children, Fred being one of twin brothers, also having one brother older than himself and another younger. Fred Bond spent his childhood days and youth in the fertile county of his birth and until the age of seventeen he attended the public schools, in which he laid the foundation of the thorough intellectual training he acquired in subsequent years. Actuated by a laudable desire to increase his scholastic knowledge he entered the State University of Iowa at Iowa City, in which he completed the prescribed course, being graduated therefrom on June 23, 1880, with a creditable record. One year later he accepted the position of bookkeeper in a wholesale house at Des Moines, which he held until 1882 when he re- signed and went to Cheyenne, Wyo., where dur- ing the three ensuing years he was employed as a draughtsman in the surveyor-general's office. After resigning that position Mr. Bond passed some time as bookkeeper for different banks in Cheyenne and subsequently entered the land-of- fice where he was employed for some years in an important clerical capacity. For four years, be- ginning with 1889, he was the city engineer and during his incumbency constructed the present water-works system and built the viaduct, both enterprises demonstrating engineering skill of a high degree. At the expiration of his term he went to Buffalo, Wyo., where he remained four years, during which time he served as official engineer of that city and constructed the water- works, besides doing much other important en- gineering, which added greatly to his already well-established reputation as a master of his profession. Returning to Cheyenne when his official term expired, Mr. Bond became the chief clerk in the U. S. surveyor's office, a position he PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 455 subsequently resigned to accept the office of state engineer, to which he was appointed on July, 1899. This high and important trust came to him in recognition of his efficiency as an able and skillful engineer rather than as a reward for political services rendered his party, although for years he had been one of the leading Republi- can politicians of the state. His elevation to the office has received the unqualified approval not only of members of his party, but also of those opposed to him on political grounds, for it is a position in which partisan affairs have little or nothing to do and he discharges his duties fear- lessly and conscientiously. His career thus far establishes the fact that the state will greatly profit by his wise administration of the office. He brought to his work as an engineer a mind thoroughly disciplined by severe intellectual and professional training, and his ambition to excel in whatever he undertakes has been fully real- ized as the nature of his work attests. He is a man of great sagacity, rarely mistaken in his judgment of men and things, foresees with great clearness future possibilities and determines with a high degree of accuracy the outcome of present action. By reason of his large professional suc- cess, his unblemished character, his just and up- right life and the universal esteem in which he is held, he may without invidious distinction' be called one of Wyoming's most honored and dis- tinguished citizens. In March, 1886, at Des Moines, Iowa, was solemnized the ceremony which united Mr. Bond and Miss Clara William- son in the bonds of wedlock. This marriage, a most fortunate and happy one, has been blessed with three bright and interesting children, War- wick E., Kenneth W. and Frederick. The house- hold is almost an ideal one and to see Fred Bond at his best is to meet him in the bosom of his family, where his easy dignity and cultured bear- ing mark him , as the high-minded, courteous gentleman. The family are favorites in the best social circles of Cheyenne and their home is a favorite resort for kindred spirits, who frequent- ly enjoy the hospitality there dispensed with a generosity which sweetens the welcome. W. W. BOWERS. A native of Clark county, Indiana, and born in 1868, W. W. Bowers, the chief of the fire de- partment of Laramie, one of its leading citizens, is the son of George B. and Margaret (Hay- maker) Bowers, natives of the state of his birth. His father, born in 1838, followed the occupation of farming in Indiana and was for many years prominent in the Democratic party, holding the office of county commissioner of the county of Clark for six years, being the son of Daniel and Elizabeth (Hostetter) Bowers, natives of North Carolina, who were among the earliest settlers of Indiana, where Daniel Bowers erected the first brick house built in that part of the state and also took an active part in suppressing the In- dian outbreaks of that time and served as an of- ficer in the serious wars which finally terminated in the breaking of the power of the savages, thus preparing Indiana as a safe place for the resi- dence of civilized men. W. W. Bowers grew to manhood in his native state and received his early education in the public schools in the neigh- borhood of his boyhood home. Subsequently he attended college at Lexington, Ky., pursuing a partial course of study there. Compelled to leave college at the early age of eighteen years, he engaged in mercantile pursuits in Lexington for a short time, and then removed to the city of Chicago, 111., where he continued in the same business for about two years. In 1891 he left Chicago, and. came to Wyoming, where he es- tablished himself in Laramie in the business of buying hides for a large eastern concern. He conducted this business with marked success for about ten years, when he succeeded to the busi- ness upon the death of the owner. In this ven- ture he has been very successful, and is now conducting one of the most extensive and pros- perous enterprises of his section of the state. He is one of the rising young business men of Wyoming, having the respect and confidence of all the people. He is very popular with the ranch and stock men of the state, and has a practical monopoly of his business in the Lara- 456 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. mie section. In December, 1901, Mr. Bowers was united in marriage to Miss M. A. E. Jones, the daughter of C. A. and Emily (Richardson) Jones, prominent residents of Laramie, and their home is the center of a hospitality as gen- erous as it is gracious. Mr. Bowers is a stanch adherent of the Democratic party and has taken a foremost part in the councils and management of the party in his section of Wyoming. For a considerable period of time he has been very ca- pably holding the position of chief of the fire department of Laramie, a position he still occu- pies, discharging its responsible duties of the office to the entire satisfaction of the citizens. MOSES BYRNE. There is nothing more interesting than to make an examination of the life of a self-made man, and to analyze those principles that have enabled him to pass on the rugged highway of life many who, at the outset of their careers, were more advantageously endowed by fortune. Few men who sought prosperity in the wild West in the pioneer days were men of wealth. Generally speaking their only capital was two strong arms, a determined will and executive ability, and this was the class of men who made the great states of Utah and Wyoming, yes, and other western states, what they are today, men who faced hard- ships and privations and have converted the des- erts covered by sage into productive ranches and who have aided in bringing the state of Wyo- ming into its present progressive and prosperous condition. These are the men who deserve to have their names honorably inscribed on the pages of "The Progressive Men of Wyoming," and among them all there is none more deserv- ing than the venerable gentleman whose name heads this review. The paternal ancestors of Mr. Byrne run back in an unbroken line for many generations in Ireland, where the family has been connected with the agricultural activi- ties of the Emerald Isle. Moses Byrne, now a retired merchant of Piedmont, Wyoming, was born in Laftsvich, England, on June 2, 1822, and he was a son of Dennis and Jane (Sease- brick) Byrne, who were natives of Ireland, where they were married. Mr. Byrne was named from his paternal grandfather, also Moses Byrne, and until he was sixteen years old he somewhat intermittently attended the government schools of England and at that age he was apprenticed on a merchant vessel sailing the Atlantic, to ac- quire a knowledge of seamanship. Following the seas for a number of years, he had some notable adventures and narrow escapes from death, but received no injuries that disabled him. Meeting some faithful missionaries of the Church of Latter Day Saints in 1853, he became interested- in their doctrine and becoming a con- vert to their religion he cast in his lot in life with them, emigrating to the United States in 1854, and, crossing the long miles of weary distance, arrived in Utah on October 29th of that year. Here he assumed family relations and formed the nucleus of a permanent home by his mar- riage union on October 21, of the same year to Miss Catherine Cardon, a daughter of Philip and Martha N. (Turner) Cardon, and engaged in agricultural operations near Salt Lake until 1861. Mrs. Byrne was a native of Piedmont, Italy, and her parents were for a long time resi- dents in the romantic valley of Piedmont. Her father was of French ancestry and her mother of English origin, but the Cardon family existed in France previous to 1600, when the family made its home in the beautiful valley of Pied- mont on the borders of Italy and France, in order to avoid the persecution they as Hugue- nots were receiving in their native land on ac- count of their religion. In 1861, Mr. Byrne removed to Wyoming with his family and for a number of years was a railroad contractor in the construction of the Union Pacific Railroad. He immediately located with his family at Piedmont, named from the Italian valley, and engaged extensively in the manufacturing of charcoal, in the transportation of which he utilized over fifty teams. The magnitude of his operations and the necessities of the community and his employes caused him to open a mer- cantile establishment at Piedmont, which he suc- cessfully conducted until his retirement from PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 457 business operations a few years since. During the forty years of his residence in Wyoming, Mr. Byrne has steadily and without exception main- tained the character of a worthy, reliable and honest citizen. For years his counsel upon any and all questions of public interest has been im- plicitly relied upon by all who have known him. His political faith has been that of the Demo- cratic party and in its cause he has labored earn- estly and well. Fraternally, he is identified with that ancient order, the honored Brotherhood of Free and Accepted Masons, with which order he became affiliated in England, the place where he is still maintaining his membership. Mrs. Byrne, although a very modest and unassum- ing lady, is noted for her strength of char- acter and business ability, and has been in every way a true helpmeet to her husband and has had much to do with his unqualified success. They have had thirteen children, eight are now living. We here enter a brief record of them in order of birth : Joseph W., who resides six miles south of Piedmont, and of whom a per- sonal sketch appears in another part of this work; John P., also personally reviewed on an- other page of this volume; James B., who died at the age of sixteen years ; Alice, widow of the late Thomas Hinshaw ; William H., who is married and living on a ranch twenty miles north of Piedmont; Charles L., died in igoi at the age of thirty-seven years ; Albert, who died at the age of twenty-eight years ; Edwin W., who maintains his residence at Woodruff, Wyo. ; Francis, who is a resident of Piedmont; Arthur, who died in infancy ; Minnie and Mary, twins, of whom Minnie is now the wife of Fred W. Kendall, of Uinta-, Utah ; while Mary died at the age of two years and' seven months. The youngest child, Katie, married Sanford Fife, of Riverdale, Utah, where they are now residing. None of the present generation of Uinta county has been more identified with its every phase and development during the last half-century or has to-day a higher place in the esteem and love of its people, than the honorable and venerable Moses Byrne. His life during the whole of his long residence here has been one of activity, not only in his own interests but in those per- taining to the public weal. He is a representa- tive of that energetic class of men who have made the western portion of the United States famous on account of the enterprise and deter- mination with which they have undertaken and pushed to completion plans for the betterment of their own and children's material condition and also the business and moral interests of the communities where they have resided. ISAAC BULLOCK. The son of early pioneers and a native son of Wyoming, having been born on September 19, 1857, on Willow Creek, at old Fort Supply, then located near the present site of the little town of Robertson, Mr. Bullock is most surely entitled to the name of a pioneer. And well has he justified the name, for he has from childhood battled witn the rugged elements of undeveloped nature, and by his own efforts has Wrung prosperity and a cheerful home out of most adverse appearing conditions. His par- ents were Isaac and Electa (Wood) Bullock, natives of New Hampshire and of Ohio, his pa- ternal grandparents being Benjamin and Mar- tha (Kimball) Bullock, farmers of New Hamp- shire. Isaac Bullock, Sr., was a man of strong mental powers, possessing great magnetism and energy, and as a leader of the Mormon church exercised a position of influence. He came to Utah in very early days, in 1849, ar >d here he met and married, his bride having pre- ceded him to- the land of hope and promise, coming hither in 1848. After their marriage they located at Fort Supply in 1856, and the father was thereafter high in the councils of the Church of the Latter Day Saints and had the lofty distinction of being the president of the high priests' quorum for several years be- fore his death, which occurred in 1891. His widow is now a resident of Provo, Utah. Isaac Bullock, Jr., was the eldest of the children of his parents and received the educational advan- tages of the schools of Utah, thereafter en- gaging in farming,' to which and to stockraising 458 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMIXG. he has steadily and successfully devoted him- self, making the base of his operations in vari- ous portions of Utah, even his present residence being in that commonwealth. He came to this section in 1882 and took up the 160 acres which formed the nucleus of his present valuable es- tate of 538 acres, and here his stock .operations have been extensive and of great scope and im- portance, bringing him annually satisfactory re- turns and being of swift cumulative growth, his choice herds of cattle being the admiration of all beholders. Mr. Bullock became the head of a family on November 23, 1862, the date of his marriage to Miss Mary Webb, at Salt Lake City, Utah. Mrs. Bullock is a daughter of Par- don C. and Jane (Lee) Webb. She has been an able helpmeet to her husband and their pleasant home is a center of cordial hospitality, both occupying a high position in the regard of their numerous friends. They have seven chil- dren, Erne, Lucille, Owen, Electa, Irene, Gid- eon W. and Allen L. Mr. Bulloch is a devoted adherent to the fortunes of the Democratic party, but is not an aspirant for political or pub- lic office, honors or emoluments. HON. CHARLES N. POTTER. Among the distinguished men whom the state of New York has furnished to the Great West appears the name of Hon. Charles N. Potter, the present chief justice of Wyoming. For over a quarter of a century his life has been very closely interwoven with the profes- sional and judicial history of this common- wealth and the distinction achieved in many po- sitions of honor and trust has made him one of the most illustrious figures before the public. He was born in Otsego county, N. Y., on Oc- tober 31, 1852. His family history is traceable to an early period in the history of that part of the Empire state, his grandfather, Royal Potter, having been reared in the county of Otsego, where his ancestors settled many years ago, removing to that county from Rhode Island. George W. Potter, the father of the chief jus- tice, was also a native of the same count)- and there married Mary J. Marcellus, a representa- tive of one of the county's earliest families, and followed mechanical pursuits for a livelihood and about 1854 moved to Michigan, locating in the city of Grand Rapids, where his death oc- curred nine years later. His wife, who is still living, bore him two children, one son and one daughter, the name of the former furnishing the caption of this review. Judge Potter was about two years old when his parents moved to Mich- igan, where he attended the public schools, and there made commendable progress, and after finishing the branches there taught he took up the study of law under the direction of compe- tent instructors. Subsequently, in 1871, he be- came a student in the law department of the State University of Michigan, from which he was graduated in 1873, an d immediately thereafter began the practice of his profession in Grand Rapids. By diligent application he succeeded in winning recognition at the Kent county bar, and continued in practice there under favorable auspices until 1876, when he decided to seek a new field in the rapidly growing West, and came to Wyoming and became associated in legal practice with E. P. Johnson, the firm of Johnson & Potter continuing until the death of the senior member in October, 1879. For several years Mr. C. N. Potter practiced with Judge Riner, after the dissolution of this firm he was in practice alone until 1886, when he effected a copartnership with Willis Van Devanter. which lasted until 1888. From that time until 1891 he was again without an associate, but in the latter year became the partner of T. F. Burke, with whom he remained until his elevation to the judgeship in 1895. Meanwhile the Judge built up a legal business of great magnitude and wide scope and won distinctive prestige as one of the most erudite and successful members of the Wvoming bar. His practice embraced an extensive territory and for a number of years his name was associated with nearly every im- portant case tried in the courts of Laramie county. He also took an active interest in the public affairs of the city and state, and in recog- nition of his abilities and peculiar fitness he was PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 459 called from time to time to various positions of honor and trust. In 1878 he was appointed city attorney, the duties of which office he dis- charged until 1 88 1, when he was made attorney of Laramie county for a term of two years. Again in 1888 he was appointed to the former position, in which he served until 1891, when he was further honored by being chosen as at- torney-general of the state. His career in that high office covered a period of four years and was replete with duty ably and conscientiously performed to his own credit and to the satis- faction of the people. In 1889 he was a member of the convention which framed the present constitution of Wyoming, bore his full share in the deliberations of that body and his services on the committees on education, corporations and the judiciary left the impress of his ability. From 1888 to 1897 he served on the school board of Cheyenne and for five years of that time was its president. In this capacity he was instrumental in arousing an interest in educa tion and building up the school system of Chey- enne until, in point of professional ability on the part of the teaching force and the high standard of work done, it stood unexcelled by that of any other city in the state. In 1886 the Judge was made a member of the board of commissioners empowered to select appropriate sites and draw plans and specifications for the state capitol. In this as in every other trust confided to him his proceeding was straight- forward and truly businesslike, and met with the approbation of the authorities, by whom he had been selected. From 1887 to 1900, in- clusive, he was a member of the board of trus- tees having in charge the Laramie county pub- lic library, and he has been identified at differ- ent times with various other enterprises for the intellectual and moral advancement of the city of his residence and the state at large. He re- signed the attorney-generalship in 1895 to ac- cept the position of justice of the Supreme Court of the state, and has since served in that high office, becoming chief justice in 1897 on the death of Flon. A. B. Conaway, fully meeting the expectations of his friends and proving one of the able and distinguished jurists of his day. His professional career throughout has been highly creditable, and he occupies a conspicu- ous place among the leading members of a bar long noted for the high order of its legal talent. As a lawyer he is well grounded in the prin- ciples of his profession, while the high character he attained as a practitioner is attested by a large volume of business which came to him while actively engaged in his chosen calling. The honorable distinction acquired at the bar has been heightened by his judicial experience as the head of the highest tribunal in the state. His record since his elevation to the position he now holds has been noted for the soundness of his opinions, for his comprehensive knowl- edge of the law and the depths of judicial reas- oning in his decisions and for great breadth of thorough and legal erudition. In the discharge of every duty coming within his sphere, he ex- ercises* his functions with a dignity becoming the honorable station to which he has been called, and the impartiality in dispensing jus- tice has made him popular with the bar of the state and with the people whom he serves. He possesses a vigorous personality and a pleasing presence and impresses all with whom he comes in contact as a typical representative of sym- metrically developed manhood, one of the best products of American soil and American insti- tutions. With all his eminent ability as a law- yer and judge, he is entirely without ostenta- tion and to the humblest of his fellows he is easily accessible. Profound as a jurist and popular with the people in the private walks of life, it may truly be said that he is one of the notable men of the state which he honors with his citi- zenship. Judge Potter was married in 1877 with Miss Ireland, a native of Canada, the union resulting in the birth of three children, of whom but one, Ada A., is living. Politically, the Judge has been a lifelong Republican, and it was by reason of his loyalty and eminent services to his party, as well as on account of his intellectual and professional fitness, that many of his public honors came to him. He has been a member of the city, county and state Republican central 460 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. committees, and in 1892 was a delegate to the Republican national convention, which met at Minneapolis, serving in that body as the chair- man of the Wyoming delegation. He has long been prominent in Masonic circles and takes high rank in the order, having risen to the Thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite, and he is a member of the Mystic Shrine. He is also an enthusiastic member of the Pythian Brother- hood, in which he has filled all the chairs and in 1887 was elected grand chancellor of the state, holding the office with dignity. BRYANT BUTLER BROOKS. Bryant Butler Brooks, of Casper, Wyoming, is an able representative of the best type of American manhood. He is widely and favorably known throughout the state, his abilities well fitting him for leadership in business, political and social life. The terms progress and pat- riotism are indicative of his character, for throughout his career he has labored for the im- provement of every line of business or public interest with which he has been associated, and at all times has demonstrated that he is ever actuated by fidelity to his commimity, his state, his country and his friends. Mr. Brooks de- scends from the celebrated Massachusetts fam- ily of his name that has ever been prominent in the various departments of New England life. The birthplace and early home of B. B. Brooks was at Bernardston, Franklin county, Mass. ; where, on February 5, 1861, he was born, a son of Silas N. and Melissa M. (Burrows) Brooks. His paternal grandfather, John Brooks, M. D., being a native of Vermont, who removed to Massachusetts when a young man and was long in successful medical practice at Bernardston, be- ing an honored and prominent citizen, serving in the legislature of the state for many years with great ability. His son, Silas N. was a manu- facturer of farming implements and also repre- sented his town in the Massachusetts legisla- ture and his district in the State Senate. In 1871 he removed to Chicago, 111., there being for twentv-seven vears a member of the firm' of Sargeant, Greenleaf & Brooks, the very extensive manufacturers of safe and timelocks. He was a man of culture and education, straightforward and charitable. His family consisted of three sons and one daughter. The eldest son, John, is in the wholesale drygoods business in Albany, N. Y., and is also associated with B. B. Brooks in his Wyoming enterprises. The second son, Halbert G. Brooks, is the manager of the Rochester, N. Y., business of Sargeant, Green- leaf & Co. B. B. Brooks is the youngest son of his parents and was educated in Chicago. After passing a year in Nebraska he came to Wyoming and thoroughly familiarized himself with the stock business by actual experience on the range. In 1883 he organized the cattle firm of B. B. Brooks & Co., with headquarters on the Big Muddy Creek, eighteen miles southeast of Cas- per, and here under his personal supervision has been conducted an enterprise of great scope and importance in the raising of high grade cattle, his favorite breed being the Polled- Angus, and through his efforts in maintaining the high stan- dard of his stock, he has acquired a national re- putation, cattle from this ranch securing the first prize for the best specimens of Polled- Angus cattle exhibited at the -Fat Stock Show in 1902, while on beef cattle sold on the Chicago mar- kets he has on several occasions received the highest price paid on that day. This ranch is a splendid estate, containing as it does 7,000 acres of patented land with a large proportion under good irrigation, on which he raises annu- ally over 2,000 tons of hay and alfalfa. To his extensive herds of cattle, in 1892 Mr. Brooks added sheep, and he is now running 15,000, the Rambouillet type of merino being his favorite. He has also a band of Percheron horses of ex- cellent quality. Upon this estate Mr. Brooks has erected a country residence, having' all modern improvements and latest sanitary appliances, with pure water in all parts, being lighted throughout with acetyline gas. The recognition of Mr. Brooks as an able public man and official has not been lacking. A stalwart Republican, he was one of the delegates to the National Re- publican convention that at St. Louis nominated PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 461 William McKinley for president, and he held the distinguished position of presidential elector on the occasion of President McKinley's second election. In various local offices he has rendered valuable service and as a member of the Wyo- ming legislature evinced statesmanlike qualities of no common order. Fraternally, Mr. Brooks has a far-reaching acquaintance in the Masonic order, having attained to the Thirty-second de- gree of the Scottish Rite and also to the Knights Templar degree. He is also affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and with the Woodmen of the World. On March 11, 1886, Mr. Brooks wedded Miss Mary N. Willard, a native of Ohio and a daughter of Judge L. D. Willard, for years an eminent jurist of Ohio, later removing to Nebraska and engaging in stockraising, becoming a noted breeder of Short- horn cattle, having a very extensive farm in Thayer county. The children of this marriage are Jeanie W., a student of Wellesley, Mass., Abby B., Lena N., Melissa M. and Silas N. It has been well said that the strong men of a true people are always benefactors. Their usefulness in the immediate and specific spheres of their activity can be measured and guaged, but the good they perform through the forces they set in motion, and through the inspiration of their presence and example, is immeasurable by any finite gauge or standard of value. In this class and with this influence we must reckon Mr. Brooks, while the rare atmosphere of cultured hospitality surrounding his home is a delight and charming pleasure to the extensive circle of the friends of the family. HON. CHARLES W. BURDICK. This distinguished gentleman, who so ca- pably discharged the duties of secretary of state of Wyoming, is a native of Ohio, born in Lucas county on August 15; i860, a son of Leander and Celia (Williams) Burdick, the father having birth in Pennsylvania and the mother in Ohio. Leander Burdick located at Toledo in 1839 an d since that time he has been prominently identi- fied with the manufacturing and banking inter- ests of that city ; filling also many positions of public confidence and trust. Charles W. Bur- dick was the only child of his parents and he was educated in the public schools of Toledo,, at the Friends' school of Providence, R. I., and at the Ohio Wesleyan University. His profes- sional education was acquired at the University of Michigan, where he graduated from the law department of that institution. In 1879 Mr. Burdick was induced by the many attractions of western life and the hope of improved health to locate in Wyoming, and for some, years he here devoted his attention to the live stock busi- ness, until restored physical energy permitted him to undertake the practice of his chosen pro- fession. From the year of Mr. Burdick's ar- rival in Wyoming dates his active interest in the political and public affairs of the state. He was a member of the Territorial Legislature of 1889 and of the convention which framed the present state constitution, and, like the typical and pro- gressive western man, he has always taken an active interest in such projects and enterprises as aid in developing the resources of the state. In 1890, upon the admission of Wyoming into the Union, Mr. Burdick was elected auditor of state, the first man to hold that office, and dis- charged the duties of the position for a period of four years, retiring therefrom in 1894 with an enviable record for efficiency and prompt- ness in the transaction of business. In the lat- ter year he was again honored by a signal mark of public favor in being elected secretary of state, which office he held for one term of four years. As state auditor he rendered valuable service to the state, especially in protecting the people from the operations of certain fraudu- lent bond companies, and as -secretary of state he was instrumental in securing an increased revenue from corporation fees and in putting before the public in attractive form literature descriptive of the state's resources. Mr. Bur- dick was married in 1885 with Miss Harriet Fuller of Ohio, who has borne him one daugh- ter, Margaret. In his political adherency Mr. Burdick is an unswerving Republican and he has been a potential factor in the counsels of zl62 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. his party throughout the state, being one of its recognized leaders. He has done much effec- tive service in campaigns and has received man) 7 honors from his party, in every instance dem- onstrating his worthiness for these marks of favor. In 1894 he became associated in the practice of law with Hon. Josiah A. Van Ors- del, and the firm thus constituted still exists, being recognized as one of the leading, law firms of the state. Professionally, Mr. Burdick is rec- ognized as a safe and careful lawyer, command- ing the confidence of his clients and the respect of the courts. His laudable ambition to excel in his profession, Coupled with industry, close application and a clear comprehension of the principles of jurisprudence, have resulted in a clientage representing many of the largest property interests in the state. In addition to his professional work, he has interests in live stock and banking, and possesses that practical business knowledge and experience which qual- ifies him for the position he occupies in the pro- fessional and business circles of Wyoming. His fraternal relations are with the Masonic order. In the domain of private citizenship Mr. Bur- dick is essentially a western man, enjoying to an eminent degree the confidence and esteem of all with whom he associates. GEORGE BRUNDAGE. Born and reared on what was at the time the frontier of Ohio, and since then a pioneer in four states, George Brundage of near Sheri- dan, Wyoming, has seen stirring times and aided in bringing many regions from barbarism and primeval wildness to civilization and the blessings of cultivated life. He was born in Seneca county, Ohio, not far from the present thriving and progressive city of Tiffin, his life beginning on November 18, 1832. His parents, Thomas and Osee (Depew) Brundage, were na- tives of New York, who settled in Seneca county in 1824 among the first white people to plant a domestic shrine in that then far western region. There they passed their lives actively engaged in farming, the mother dying in 1878 and the father a year later. In his native county Mr. Brundage grew to manhood and received his education, and after leaving school assisted his father on the farm, teaching school in the winter. He remained at the parental home un- til 1864, and then becoming infected with the gold fever that spread like wildfire from Vir- ginia City, Mont., he set out for that distant region, traveling overland from Grinnell, Iowa, by way of old Fort Laramie and the Big Horn mountains with a large train of 150 wagons and Mr. Brundage was made sheriff of the train. They had one brisk fight with Indians and lost four men. He reached his destination footsore and weary, but with high hopes and undaunted spirit. He remained at Virginia City four years engaged in teaming and prospecting, then, in 1868, left for a new land of promise that had just opened around Omaha. From Fort Ben- ton he went down the Missouri to this place, and a short time later returned to his Ohio home on a visit. In 1869 he again sought op- portunity in the West and, locating in Bates county, Mo., for eleven years he was actively occupied in cultivating the farm he had there purchased. In 1880 he sold out in Missouri and went- to Gunnison, Colo., where he followed the lumber business for a year. He then set out for Cheyenne and from there went to Dead- wood, S. D., and in June, 1881. came to north- ern Wyoming and took up his present ranch on Little Goose Creek, two miles south of Sheri- dan. The country was new and wild and he was one of the first to try to place it under cultivation. For a year he furnished logs for the fort by contract, later giving his whole at- tention to his farming and stock industries, im- proving his ranch and developing his business by everv proper effort on his part. Of the T.000 acres of good land which he owns. 270 acres are irrigated and brought by skillful farming to a high state of cultivation. He conducts here a prosperous and well-managed stock business, and his son, Howard, following his lead, has land in the Bighorn basin, where he also is engaged in the cattle industry on a scale of increasing magnitude, and with correspondingly PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 463 gratifying" results. Mr. Brundage is a zealous and active Democrat. He has been constant and useful in the service of his party and brought credit to its ranks while acting as a justice of the peace, county commissioner and a member of the State Legislature. To the last office he was first elected in 1893 an d was re- elected with enthusiasm and increased support. In the fall of 1902 he was nominated by his party for the position of state senator from his county. As showing his vigor and resourceful- ness in the discharge of official duty, it should be noted that on one occasion while he was serving as justice of the peace, a fugitive from justice who was making his escape across a swollen river was promptly committed to cus- tody by Judge Brundage, who held his court on one side of the creek while the sheriff and the prisoner were on the other side. After the evidence was in the court fined the prisoner. Mr. Brundage was married in Seneca county, Ohio, on January 1, 1857, to Miss Mary E. Hall, a native of New Jersey, and a daughter of William and Catherine (Jones) Hall, also natives of New Jersey, who came as early set- tlers to Ohio, and soon after their arrival the father died. To the Brundage household six children have been born and all are living. They are Howard, Thomas, Lora, George F., Mary and Virgil A. In public life and private station the head of the house has borne himself with commendable manhood and has exemplified the best elements of the most admired citizenship. THOMAS BLYTH. One of the leading and most enterprising citizens of Evanston, Wyoming, who was born in County Kirkcaldy, Scotland, in 1842, Thomas Blyth is the son of Peter and Catherine (Hax- ton) Blyth, both natives of the same country. The father was a sea-captain and sailed the seas until the time of his death, which occurred in 1864 at the age of forty-eight. His remains were buried in the West Indies. He was a member of a lodge of Freemasons at Glasgow, Scotland, and his father, grandfather of Thomas, was a Scotch weaver. Mrs. Caroline. (Haxton) Blyth, the mother of Thomas, was married in the coun- ty of her birth and survived her husband until 1887, when she died at the age of seventy-one and her remains rest in her native county. She was a devoted member of the Free church of Scotland and her parents were Thomas and Catherine (Pringle) Haxton, natives of Kirk- caldy county, and her father, like the paternal grandfather of Thomas Blyth, was a weaver, and had charge of a weaving plant, living until 1847, when he died at the age of seventy-six and was buried in his native county, as was his wife who died in 1843, aged sixty-eight. They were both devoted, deeply religious and conscientious members of the Free church. Thomas Blyth was educated in Scotland and at the age of six- teen he took employment in the steamship office of Brown & Hutchinson at Glasgow and re- mained for nine years and at the time of his leaving he had attained the position of pay- master and shipping clerk. He emigrated to the United States in 1868, coming first to Chicago, in a few days however going to Iowa, where he remained about three months. Coming from there to Wyoming he took employment as a clerk for the Wyoming Coal and Mining Co., at Car- bon and in the following March he left for Sher- idan, Kan., where he clerked for Seller & Co., until August, when he departed for California. Thence he visited various places, finally return- ing to Carbon to take up his former work, con- tinuing at this until 1872, when he took a trip to Scotland for some months, returning in October of the same year to settle in Evanston where he established a merchandise business, with which ' he has ever since been occupied. The establish- ment is one of the finest in Evanston, conducted under the name of Blyth & Fargo, Mr. Blyth be- ing the president and manager. Careful and de- liberate in all his undertakings, the result of his efforts is such that he may well be proud of them. He has been a county commissioner for eight years and is a valued member of the Ma- sonic order. He was first married in 1874. His wife was Isabella Carmichael, a native of Glas- at the age of gow, Scotland. She died in 1 464 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. thirty-eight and was buried at Evanston, and her children are : Thomas, Catherine, Charles, Wil- liam and Isabella. She was the daughter of Robert and Anna (Dicky) Carmichael, natives of Scotland, and now deceased. Mr. Blyth mar- ried again in 1892, then taking to wife Miss Fanny Anderson, a native of New York and a daughter of James and Emily (Brockbank) An- derson, the former a native of New York and the latter of Connecticut. The father is now dead and buried at Canandaigua, N. Y., while the mother lives in Evanston. HUGH CALLANDER. One of the leading citizens and business men of Converse county, Wyoming, Hugh Callan- der, now the president of the Bank of Lusk, was born at Bannockburn, Scotland, on December 25, 1845, the son of John and Mary (Stevenson) Callander, natives of Scotland. Both his pater- nal and maternal grandfathers were weavers and skilled in that pursuit, and his grandmother, Margaret Nelson, was related to the Nelson family of Thomas Nelson & Sons, the great pub- lishing house of Edinburg. In 1861 the father of Mr. Callander disposed of , his home and property in Scotland and with his family came to America, settling at Rice Lake, Minn. Here he engaged in farming for' many years and his family consisted of six children, Hugh of this sketch being the youngest. Receiving his early education in Scotland, his opportunities for at- tending school instruction after his arrival in America were limited, and soon after the es- tablishment of the family home in Minnesota Mr. Callander enlisted as a member of Co. B, Mounted Minnesota Rangers, commanded by Colonel McPhail, his company commander be- ing Captain Austin. The regiment was mus- tered in at St. Peter for one year's service, the greater portion of his time being spent in Da- kota in service against the Sioux. The regi- ment had manv engagements with the Indians and were compelled to do much scouting serv- ice. Their principal engagement was the Battle of the Big Hills, at the junction of Apple Creek with the Missouri River, which continued for three clays. In this battle many of the soldiers were killed and wounded and the losses of the Indians were very severe, many being drowned in the Missouri in their efforts to escape. At the end of his term of service he reenlisted in Co. L, Second Minnesota Cavalry, and was mustered in at Fort Snelling. The commander of the regiment was Colonel Pfender and the commander of his company Capt. H. S. Bing- ham. The regiment saw much active service on the frontier, where it was stationed until 1866. During the latter part of his term of service Mr. Callander was on detached duty and had no serious engagements, receiving an honorable discharge in Ma}', 1866. After his military life was ended he removed to Minneap- olis, where he secured a position as a clerk in a grocery store, in which employment he re- mained for about two years. He then returned to Rice Lake and engaged in farming in com- pany with his father, remaining there for three years, thence removing to the state of Indiana, where he was in the drygoods business for a short time, soon, however, beginning the study of law and in due time he was admitted as a member of the bar of Kosciusko county, Ind., and established himself in legal practice at Syracuse, Ind., where he remained from April, 1877 to 1882, and during four vears of this time he served as a justice of the peace. In 1882 he removed his residence to the then terri- •tory of Wyoming, entered the employ of the Union Cattle Co., with headquarters at Chey- enne, and remained there for about two vears, when he returned to the East. In February, 1887, he returned to Wyoming and located in the town of Lusk, becoming the cashier of the Bank of Richards Bros., continuing in this po- sition up to the time of the retirement of the firm in 1893. In the spring of 1894 he formed a partnership with Bartlett Richards and they conducted a successful banking business ui Lusk up to 1899, when the growth of the busi- ness of the bank had been such that a corpora- tion was formed, known as the Bank of Lusk. Mr. Callander being the cashier and Mr. Rich- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 465 ards president. In July, 1899, Mr. Callander purchased the interest of his partner and be- came president of the institution. Through his enterprise and conservative business judgment the bank has grown from small beginnings until it now does a large and constantly increasing business and has cordial relations with all re- sponsible banks, both of the state and the coun- try. The bank building and equipment, burg- lar-proof safes, with the latest improved auto- matic time-locks, etc., are among the finest in Wyoming, having also a large number of safety deposit boxes for the accommodation of its customers and patrons, and doing a liberal, yet a safe and conservative business. Mr. Callan- der is one of the most substantial and success- ful business men in his section of the state. On February 8, 1872, Mr. Callander was united in marriage with Mrs. Isabella Sprague, a na- tive of Ohio, and they have one daughter, Jes- sie. Mr. Callander is a member of the Grand Army of the Republic, and is also affiliated with the Masonic order. He is one of the leading business men of Wyoming and has done much in the development of the resources and the building up of his section of the state. A. D. COOK. The world judges the character of a com- munity by its representative citizens and yields its admiration and respect to those whose works and actions constitute a state's prosper- ity and pride. Among the representative men and also faithful officials of Converse county, Wyoming, is Mr. Cook, who, by his own efforts and determined industry and integrity, has been the builder of his own prosperity and maintains an honored position in the esteem of the citi- zens of the county. He was born in Edinburg, Scotland, on June 19, 1861, a grandson of Arch- ibald Cook and the son of John and Margaret J. (Johnstone) Cook, both natives of Scotland. The Cooks were of comparatively recent Scotch origin, the family removing thither from Eng- land, where it had long existed. The maternal grandfather, Thomas Johnstone, possessed a Scotch lineage reaching back beyond the mem- ory of man, yet he married with the attractive daughter of a German sea-captain by the name of Smith. The paternal grandfather was long a prosperous merchant at Cross Gates, Scot- land, and there the father remained until his emigration in 1868, learning masonry and be- ing engaged in contracts on railways and stone bridge work. He then came to America and was identified with coalmining at Barclay, Pa., for thirteen vears, after which he removed to Iowa, where he passed ten more years in pros- pecting and mining and then returned to Penn- sylvania, where he lived a retired life the rest of his days, dying on November 18, 1889, leav- ing eleven children to mourn his loss. A. D. Cook was the eldest child, and in the national schools of Edinburg and the public schools of Pennsylvania were obtained his educational acquirements, which were solid and effective in securing a position in a clerical relation in a mercantile house at Barclay, he thereafter in Iowa engaging in prospecting for coal and in railroading for several years, then starting for the brilliant land of promise, the Black Hills country, where his energies were given to prac- tical mining and employment in the amalga- mator and mills, remaining thus occupied for several years, when he returned to Iowa, be- ing shortly afterward, in 1886, employed by the Chicago & Northwestern Railroad to make a prospecting trip through Converse county, Wyo., and in this congenial occupation he con- tinued for eighteen months, becoming well ac- quainted with the mineral and industrial re- sources of the county and forming a warm friendship with many of its citizens, this proving of great benefit to him in later years. Follow- ing this employment Mr. Cook made a per- manent location in the new county-seat town of Douglas, his first activities there being the supplying of the people with meat, in which use- ful vocation he successfully continued for three years, relinquishing this to become the engineer of the newlv established water-works, in which he did faithful service until 1891. He is also a stockholder in the Easterbrook Galena Min- ing Co., which is operating near Laramie Peak. Being always interested in public matters and 466 PROGRESSIVE MEX OF WYOMING. political questions he had given earnest support to the Republican party, and in 1891 was nomi- nated by that party for county clerk and regis- ter of deeds and was successful at the polls, holding those responsible dual offices with pub- lic approval and by successive elections until 1897, when to those offices was added that of clerk of the court and Mr. Cook received the flattering commendation of a reelection, and until the present writing from year to year the satisfaction of the people has been recorded by his annual election to attend to the same du- ties. His activities have by no means been con- fined to his official duties ; he has been an active factor in every public enterprise for the benefit Of the city or county. In 1891 he reorganized the Douglas band and has been its leader from that time, by his labors and executive ability, in connection with his talent as an instructor, so raising its moral standard that it has made great progress, being now generally admitted to be one of the leading bands of the state, and it was appointed in 1901 the military band of the First Regiment of Wyoming. In August, 1880, IMiss Florence H. Hartman and Mr. Cook were united in marriage. She was born in Findlay, Ohio, a daughter of Amos A. Hartman, and is a worthy descendant of one of the original set- tlers of Ohio, the family often appearing in the pioneer days in connection with deeds of bravery and daring. Their children are Arthur H., Ethel, Douglas, Beatrice and Xell Marga- ret. The family is active in the social life of the city and Mr. Cook prominently connected with, the Woodmen of the World and with the Ma- sons, being at this writing the "tyler" of his Masonic lodge, while in Odd Fellowship he has "passed the chairs" and is district deputy grand master and chief patriarch of the Encampment. We can no better close this review than to re- peat what has heretofore been written: "Mr. Cook is a man in the prime of life who has many of the best traits of the Scottish race, and is and officer and citizen of whom Converse coun- ty may well feel justly proud. He is a produc- tion of the best element of the citizenship of Wyoming." WILLIAM C. DEMIXG William C. Deming, of Cheyenne, Wyoming, was born at Mount Olivet, Ky., on December 6, 1869. His father. Judge O. S. Deming, was born in Xew York state and ■ entered the Union army at a very early age. and settling in Kentucky just after the Civil War. He mar- ried with Miss Leona C. Rigg, a highly cultured, artistic Kentucky woman. Judge Deming is still a leading Kentucky Republican and has held many positions- of honor and trust. William C. Deming, the eldest son, attended the public schools of his native town and entered Alleghenv College, Meadville, Pa., in September, 1886. at the age of sixteen years. He was graduated in June, 1890, as the president of his class. He re- ceived the degree of Bachelor of Arts at his graduation and that of Master of Arts three years later. After graduation he studied law in the office of his father and was admitted to the Kentucky bar in 1893. During his law studies he did the editorial work on the Robertson County Tribune. In March, 1894, Mr. Deming was asked to help organize a company to pur- chase the Warren (Ohio) Daily Tribune, and upon its formation, he was made its editor and later bought the interests of his associates. He continued to edit that paper until 1901, when, though continuing the ownership of the War- ren (O.) Tribune, he came to Cheyenne, Wyo., to accept the editorship and management of the Wyoming Daily Tribune. Under Mr. Deming's management the Tribune has become the lead- ing paper of Wyoming and he has become a heavy stockholder in the paper. At the election in Wyoming in November, 1902. Mr. Deming was elected to the legislature and was one of the active members of the House. He is a writer of articles for Eastern papers and a lecturer of some ability. Under the law creating the "Wyo- ming Commission of the Louisiana Purchase Ex- position'' the late Governor Richards appointed Mr. Deming a member of the commission. Upon organization Mr. Deming was elected the secretary of that body. Though operating two daily papers, one in Ohio and one in Wyoming, W. C. DEMING. PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 467 Mr. Denting finds time to take an active interest . in everything looking to the development of the young and growing state of Wyoming. C. H. COOK. One of the prominent and successful stock- growers and farmers of Johnson county, Wyo- ming, living on Johnson Creek, eight miles west of Buffalo, C. H. Cook, can smile at fortune's freaks and rest content in the secure and com- fortable anchorage he has found in a snug and safe harbor after many buffets of adverse winds and tides. For he has challenged the capricious dame into the lists and dared her worst assaults. He is a native of Arkansas where he was born on April 2, 1850, the son of Jefferton and Polly (Jones) Cook, who were born and reared in Tennessee and removed to Arkansas soon after their marriage, where the mother died while her son, C. H. Cook, was yet a small child. Thus left an orphan at a very early age, Mr. Cook was closely attached to the fortunes of his father and when five years old 'accompanied him to Texas where two years were passed. . Together they then returned' to his native state and in 1867 they turned their faces to the Pacific coast, load- ing their worldly possessions on wagons they drove their ox-teams to San Diego county, Calif., and there engaged in farming until the death of his father, after which, in 1872, he made his way to Salt Lake and from there to Colorado, hunting buffalo and gradually working towards his old home in Arkansas. In 1873 he returned to California and five years later came to Wyoming and in this state and Colorado furnished hay to the U. S. government under contract. In 1883 he determined to locate permanently on a ranch, selected the one on which he now lives and at once began improving it and aiding in the devel- opment of the surrounding country. He built the first wire fence put up in what is now Johnson county and was one of the organizers of the North Fork Ditch Co., which has constructed an irrigation ditch fifteen miles long, through its aid reclaiming over 7,000 acres of arid land. Mr. Cook has 160 acres of excellent land and is carry- 29 ing on an extensive stock industry with gratify- ing returns and expanding volume. He was married at Denver, Colo., in 1872 to Miss Mary Pauley, a native of Arkansas. After thirteen years of happy wedded life she died at Buffalo, Wyo., in 1885, leaving six children : Annie, mar- ried to Frank Yarwood ; Fannie, deceased ; Mag- gie, married to Frederick Fernacase ; Hampton ; Plerbert; May; all the living ones being residents of Johnson county. In 1889 he contracted a second marriage with Mrs. Phoebe Boyce, a na- tive of Wisconsin and at the time of her mar- riage with Mr. Cook a widow with two children, William Boyce and Retta, now Mrs. Edward Holloway of Johnson county. The Cooks have five children living, Blanche, Benjamin, Churchie, Jennie and Melvin. Mr. Cook's life has been busy and adventurous. He crossed the plains thirteen times with teams when every hour was full of hazard, and while contracting at different places saw much of danger and disaster. He was at Fort Steele when the White River mas- sacre occurred, and like many another, became so inured to peril that it seemed at times to al- most lose its impressiveness. He is now one of the leading and most highly esteemed citizens of the county he has helped to build, having well earned his place in the regards of his fellow men. JOHN T. CONLEY. John T. Conley, the postmaster of Bighorn and a leading merchant of the town, has had a varied and trying experience. Fate has not dealt overkindly with him at any time, and often she has been severely against him, but his in- domitable will and unyielding resources have enabled him to triumph over his > worst estate and come forward to the next encounter with cheerfulness and undaunted courage. He was born at Galesburg, 111., in 1844, his parents, John and Susan (Carr) Conley having settled in that region when they sought in this country a larger opportunity for advancement and greater freedom of action than was available to them in their native Ireland. In the town of his birth he grew to the age of eighteen and was educated in 468 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. the public schools. In 1862 he enlisted in the Federal army in Co. D, One hundred and Second Illinois Infantry, and served to the close of the Civil War, seeing hard service in the field and on the march, attending Sherman in his triumphant progress to the sea and being mustered out in 1865. He then returned to Illinois and engaged in farming for awhile in his native county and later in Ford county. In 1873 he was taken sick with an illness that was serious and lasted seven years. When he recovered his health in some measure, he engaged in the drug business for two years. In 1875 he removed to Knoxville, Iowa, and there for eight years conducted a merchandising enterprise with success and vigor. In 1883 he sold out and removed to North Dakota, where he was occupied with an exten- sive and prosperous real-estate business. From 1885 to 1901 he was in charge of a fruit industry in southern Missouri and in 1901 also he came to Wyoming and took up his residence at Big- horn. In 1902 he was appointed postmaster, having previously opened a merchandising es- tablishment, which he is still conducting and which meets the requirements of a large, ex- panding and exacting trade. Mr. Conley was married at Henderson, 111., in 1867 with Miss Ruth McMurtrey, a native of that state and a daughter of James and Eliza (Rice) McMurtrey. They have four children, Minnie S., James, George and W. O. In all the relations of life Mr. Conley has met his responsibilities in a manly and self-reliant manner and among all classes of people he has sustained himself with commendable independence and force of char- acter. He is a member of the order of Free- masons, belonging to Willow Springs lodge at Willow Springs, Mo. In the welfare of the order he takes an earnest interest, as he does in the progress and improvement of his home com- munity and in that of his state. ANDREW T. CLARK. Andrew T. Clark, of the firm of Black & Clark, contractors, builders, planing-mill and lumberyard proprietors at Cheyenne, Wyom- ing, is a native of Canada and was born on Prince Edward Island on April 22, 1859, a son of Ewen and Marjorie (Robbins) Clark, natives of the same place and parents of six children, of whom Andrew T. is the eldest, the father be- ing a farmer and stockman. Andrew T. Clark attended a public school until seventeen years of age and then learned the carpenter's trade. After having finished his apprenticeship he worked in Boston, Mass., one year as a jour- neyman, then came west and for two years worked in Central City, Colo., as a carpenter and millwright, and in 1883 came to Cheyenne, Wyo., and worked at his trade until 1891, when he formed a partnership with P. J. Black in a general contracting and building business under the firm name of Black & Clark, in which they engaged in operating a planing-mill and in 1 900 added a lumberyard, in which they' han- dle not only all kinds of lumber, but everything pertaining to the building industry, and con- stantly employ from twenty to thirty men in the various departments of their now extensive business. In politics Mr. Clark is a prominent Republican and exceedingly popular with his party as well as with the general public. He was a member of the Second State Legislature in 1892 and 1893, was very vigilant in caring for the interests of his constituents and also served on several of the most important com- mittees appointed by the Speaker, being like- wise very active on the floor of the House, tak- ing part in all debates upon matters of general importance, and proving himself a shrewd par- liamentarian and an eloquent and convincing orator. Mr. Clark has likewise been a member of the city council of Cheyenne for the past six years, and as chairman of the water committee he has made a profound study of the important subject of water supply, and is at present be- yond a doubt the best posted man in Wyoming on the various systems of water supply in the state. Fraternally. Mr. Clark is a member of the Knights of Pythias and the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks and the Who's Who Order, being a favorite with all from his genial good-natured temperament and being con- trolled in all his actions by charitable considera- tion of the impulses and acts of his fellow men. PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 469 The marriage of Mr. Clark was solemnized in July, 1885, at Cheyenne, with Miss Mary Hunt, the accomplished daughter of Thomas and Catherine Hunt of Darlington, Wis., and to this happy union have been born three children, Marjory, who unfortunately was called away in April, 1901, Harry and Catherine. Mr. Clark is one of the most energetic, reliable and indus- trious residents of Cheyenne, and his residence in the community is a matter of general con- gratulation. HON. SAMUEL T. CORN. It is not an easy task to follow in detail the career of a man who has led an eminently act- ive and busy life and attained to a position of high distinction in the more important and ex- acting fields of human endeavor. But biog- raphy finds its justification in the tracing and recording of just such lives, and it is with a full appreciation of all that is demanded as well as with a feeling of satisfaction, that the writer essays the task of now touching briefly upon the salient facts in the career of the distinguished public servant whose name furnishes the cap- tion of this review. Whatever may be said of the legal fraternity, it cannot be denied that members of the bar have been more prominent in public affairs than those of any other profes- sion or vocation. The ability and learning which qualify a man for this most exacting of all callings also qualify him in many respects for duties which lie outside the strict path of his profession and which touch the general in- terests of society and the business world. Hold- ing marked precedence among the distinguished jurists of the West, with a reputation extend- ing beyond the confines of his state, Hon. Sam- uel T. Corn, an associate justice of the Supreme Court of Wyoming, has long been accorded an honorable place in the judicial history of vari- ous states of the American commonwealth. A man who "stands four-square to every wind that blows," and whose strength and service are as the number of his days, much might be writ- ten upon his life and yet much more touching his active, useful and eminently honorable career still be omitted. In view of this fact it is in- tended that the following lines shall contain but a brief epitome of the life, professional rec- ord and public services of this typical Ameri- can, who has so deeply impressed his person- ality upon the state in which he now holds such high official station. Samuel T. Corn was born in Jessamine county, Ky., on October 8, 1840, and is a descendant of one of the early settlers of that part of the state. His paternal grand- father, Solomon Corn, was a pioneer of Ken- tucky, settling in Mercer county when the coun- try was new and bearing his full share of the hardships and privations peculiar to the period in which he lived. Ellis Corn, father of the Judge, was born in Kentucky and spent all of his life there, dying in Jessamine county in 1854. His wife, who bore the maiden name of Emily Thompson, was also a native of the Blue Grass state and a representative of one of the oldest families of the county, in which she was born and reared ; she survived her husband several years, departing this life in 1863. Of the chil- dren born to Ellis and Emily Corn, five are liv- ing at the present time, two sons and three daughters, the Judge being the only one resid- ing in Wyoming. Judge Corn was reared in his native state and into his mind were early in- stilled the lessons of integrity, honor and in- dustry, which have borne fruit throughout all the years of his active life. His preliminary educational discipline, acquired in the home schools, aroused in his mind an ardent desire for knowledge and a laudable ambition for the means, of its gratification. Desirous of furnish- ing him the best advantages obtainable, his mother in 1858 sent him to Princeton College, in which institution he prosecuted his studies until completing the prescribed course, receiv- ing his degree two years later. With his mind well fructified by intellectual discipline, Mr. Corn on leaving college began the study of law at Nicholasville, Ky., under the direction of W. R. Welch, a prominent attorney of that place, and in 1863 he was formally admitted to the bar. He opened an office in Lancaster, where 4/0 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. he soon took rank as an able and judicious law- yer, building up a lucrative practice in the courts of Garrard and neighboring counties and winning recognition at a bar long noted for the high order of its talent.. After spending about three years in the above place Mr. Corn in 1866 went to Carlinville, 111., where he practiced his profession continuously until 1886. These twenty years of laborious, conscientious work brought with them not only increase of prac- tice and reputation, but also that growth in legal knowledge and that wide and accurate judgment, the possession of which constitutes the more marked excellence, of the really great lawyer. Probably there was no attorney in the district where he resided whose opinions were more largely sought, or were more widely re- spected than his own, and • his reputation, as well as his clientele, increased in magnitude and importance with each recurring year. In 1872 he was elected state's attorney and served in that capacity two terms, retiring from the office in 1880. In 1886 Mr. Corn was appointed by President Cleveland an associate justice of the Supreme Court of Wyoming and served in that high position with distinguished ability until 1890, when he retired and resumed the active practice of his profession at Evanston, Wyo. He remained at the latter place until 1896, when he was again elevated to a place on the su- preme bench and has served in that capacity ever since, with credit to himself and with sat- isfaction to the state. While engaged in the practice of law Judge Corn was regarded as one of the foremost representatives of the legal profession of the different places where his talents were exercised. Thoroughly versed in the science of jurisprudence, with a profound knowledge of every branch of the law, he be- came an able councilor and a shrewd but ju- dicious practitioner, and easily stood among the most scholarly and erudite members of the bar. In the trial of causes he was uniformly courte- ous to the court, his opponent and witnesses. He cared little for display and never lost a point for the sake of creating a favorable im- pression, but sought to impress the jury rather by weight of facts in his favor and solid argu- ment than by appeals to prejudice. In discuss- ing principles of law he was remarkable for frank clearness of statement and candor, sought faithfully for firm ground on which to stand and, when once he found it, nothing could drive him from his position. His zeal for his client never led him to urge an argument which in his judgment was not in harmony with the law. His conceptions of legal, principles were clear- cut and he preserved intact that perfect bal- ance of judgment which characterizes the mas- ter of the profession. Judge Corn's career on the supreme bench has been eminently satisfac- tory and, as already stated, it has won him dis- tinction as one of the eminent jurists of the West. His written rulings are incisive, entirely incapable of misrepresentation. His written opinions, couched in forcible English of the purest diction, are models of legal literature. With a full appreciation of the majesty of the law, he exemplifies that justice which is the in- herent right of every individual, and fearlessly discharges his duty with a loyalty to principle that knows no wavering. He has the sincere respect of the bar throughout the state and enjoys the unlimited confidence of the public. Not only as an eminent lawyer and distin- guished public servant is Judge Corn known to the people of his adopted state, but in the do- main of private citizenship his record has been open and kept free from blotted pages. He is a gentleman of dignified but pleasing address, easily approachable and, being a man of the people, he has ever had their interests at heart. In many ways he has contributed to the indus- trial advancement of the state, ready and will- ing at all times to lend his influence in behalf of whatever tends to promote the moral and in- tellectual condition of the people. Politically, he has been a lifelong Democrat. Believing thoroughly in the principles and doctrines of his party and the dignity of its mission, he has ren- dered valuable service to its nominees, both state and national, as an eloquent and effective campaigner. He made thorough canvasses of Wyoming in 1890, 1892. 1804 and 1896, ad- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 471 dressing large assemblages at the leading cities and towns, winning' votes wherever he went, besides adding to his own reputation as an ora- tor.' In business the Judge has met with en- couraging financial success, being the possessor of a competence of sufficient amplitude to place him in independent circumstances. He belongs to the Masonic fraternity and, like all true members of the mystic tie, squares his life in accordance with its principles and teachings. Judge Corn was married in 1876 with Miss Emma Blackburn, and is the father of four liv- ing children, namely, Thompson, Margaret, Annie and William A. Corn. HON. G. H. CROSS. The genealogy of this well-known ranchman and cattleraiser of Converse county, Wyoming, runs away back into the darkness of the past in Scotland, but, sufficient for the purposes of this review, we will state that the family long resided in the parish of Old Monklands, Scotland, and that Hon. George H. Cross was born in Mon- treal, Canada, on September 15, 1854, the son of Alexander Cross, of Braehead House, Glasgow, Scotland, and Julia Lunn, his wife, a native of Montreal. His paternal grandfather .was Robert Cross, who married Janet Selkirk, the great- grandfather being John Cross, both natives of Glasgow. Alexander was the youngest born child of Robert Cross and was born on March 22, 1820. He came to Canada in 1826, settled on a farm on the Chateaugay River and close to the battle ground of Chateaugay and later studied law under the competent tutelage of the erudite J. J. Day, Q. C, at Montreal, and, called to the bar in 1844, was made Queen's Counsel in 1864, and on August 30, 1877, appointed judge of the Queen's Bench for the province of Quebec, from which distinguished office he retired in 1892 with a high reputation, being looked upon as one of the great jurists of Canada, dying on October 17, 1895. His marriage with Julia Lunn, daughter of William Lunn, whose brother, John Lunn, was a captain in the English navy, occurred on July 30, 1851, and she was born on March 21, 1820. She was a great-granddaughter of Philip Embury, the founder of Methodism in the United States. They had nine children, the eldest son, Selkirk, being now a member of the law-firm in Montreal, of Hall, Cross, Brown & Sharp. George H. Cross was the second child of the family. His early educational training was ob- tained in Montreal, this being' supplemented by an attendance at the Upper Canada College at Toronto, thereafter passing some time as a stu- dent at Nicollet College, at Nicollet, Quebec, here particularly giving attention to the study of the French language. After his college days were ended, in 1875 ne came to Colorado and in 1877 to Wyoming, where he made his residence in Converse county, where he has since been an active citizen and operator in the stock line, lo- cating on his present ranch in 1884. He is a leading and a representative stockman. His fa- vorite breeds are Hereford and Durham and at the time he was associated in this enterprise with D. W. Leman, they ran as many as 2,500 head. Since the'range has been over-occupied he has decreased the size of his herds, which are now limited to a few hundred. Upon the organi- tion of Converse county in 1888, Mr. Cross was elected a member of the first board of county commissioners as a Democrat, his associates be- ing Maj. Frank Wilcott and Edward David, while in 1894 he was elected for the "short term" in the State Senate. In 1896 he was nomi- nated as presidential elector, but resigned prior to election, being the same year nominated for the State Senate and after a close and exciting campaign elected by a majority of 31 votes, the result ,of his great personal popularity, the Re- publican state ticket receiving a large majority in the county. Although a member of the minor- ity party of the Senate, Mr. Cross showed the qualities, of a true legislator and did good ser- vice in the interests of his constituents and the people of the state, introducing many bills anH serving on important committees. Mr. Cross was united in marriage on January 30, 1884, with Miss Lea Levasseur, a native of Quebec, where her people were engaged in farming. Her father, Benjamin Levasseur, was a magistrate of that 4/2 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. province and also followed farming pursuits. She possesses the vivacious nature and charming manners of the French nation, from which she descends and with her husband extends a cour- teous hospitality to their numerous friends. They have had eleven children, Margaret Adele, de- ceased, Julia Irene, deceased, Margaret, Julia Mary, Elsie Corrinne, Alzire Evelyn, Alexander Selkirk and Robert Benjamin, (twins), Eliza- beth May, William Hutchinson, George H., Lea Emma Adele. Mr. Cross possesses all the ele- ments of good citizenship and is distinctly and deservedly popular. He is a man of the people, an energetic and scientific worker in the state's leading agricultural industry and a valued com- panion of the state's most eminent and philan- thropic workers for the public weal and the ad- vancement of the commonwealth. HON. GIBSON CLARK. An enumeration of the men of the present generation in Wyoming who have won public recognition for themselves and at the same time have honored the state to which they belong would be incomplete were there failure to make due reference to the distinguished gentleman whose name appears above. Gibson Clark has long enjoyed prestige as a lawyer, jurist and soldier, and in these and other capacities he has borne himself with such signal dignity and honor as to gain the esteem and confidence of his fellow men. He has been and still is distinctively a man of affairs, and as such he has wielded a wide influence and left the impress of his strong individuality deeply stamped upon the state of which he is an honored citizen. Judge Clark was born on December 5, 1844, in Clarke county, Va., the son of James H. and Jane A. (Gregory) Clark ; the father' being a native of the Old Dominion, and the mother of North Carolina. James H. Clark was a merchant and was in pros- perous trade nearly all of his life in Virginia, dy- ing there in 1876; his wife entering into rest some years prior to that date, departing this life in 1859. Their son Gibson spent his childhood and youth in his native state and received his educa- cational discipline in such schools as the town af- forded. Reared in the South he naturally es- poused the cause of the Confederacy when the destructive Civil War broke out, joining the Parker Battery, with which he loyally served in Longstreet's Division until the last and final sur- render at Appomattox. He took part in many of the most noted of the Virginia and Ten- nessee campaigns, participating in some of the bloodiest battles of the war, including among others Chickamauga, the Siege of Knoxville, Spottsylvania C. H., Gettysburg, Cold Harbor, Petersburg and all the engagements around Richmond. When the flag of the Confederacy went down in defeat, Mr. Clark returned to his home in Virginia, but did not long remain there, going thence in 1866 to St. Louis, Mo., where he engaged as clerk in a mercantile house, where he remained until October of that year. L T pon leaving St. Louis he went to Fort Laramie, Wyo., then in Dakota, which place he reached on De- cember 4, 1866, having driven a six-mule team across the plains from Nebraska City. At Fort Laramie he was employed as a clerk and book- keeper in the post-sutler's store, owned by Seth E. Ward, until 1872, when he went to Nevada and Utah and was there engaged in mining until June, 1883. . While in Utah Mr. Clark read law at intervals and was admitted to the bar of that territory in 1880 but did not begin legal practice until three years later, when he opened an office at Fort Collins, Colo. After remaining at that place until January, 1886, he came to Cheyenne, Wyo., where in due time he built up a lucrative business and won an enviable reputation as a sound lawyer and successful practitioner. Fie was soon in the most important litigation in the courts of Laramie and other counties, becoming recognized among his professional brethren of the Cheyenne bar as a lawyer possessed of a strong legal mind, extensive and varied reading and decided ability. His career from the begin- ning presents a series of continued successes sel- dom equalled, as is attested by the fact of his hav- ing been elevated to a place on the Supreme Bench after nine years of practice. It is doubt- ful whether the history of jurisprudence in this PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 473 country "can furnish an example of such rapid advancement in the face of untoward circum- stances, and certainly the legal annals of Wyo- ming are without a parallel case. Mr. Clark was appointed associate justice of the Supreme Court in 1892 and discharged the functions of that exalted station for two years, when he re- signed for the purpose of accepting the position of U. S. district attorney, to which he was ap- pointed in August of 1894. Judge Clark entered upon the duties of the latter office in the Septem- ber following his appointment, and discharged its responsible duties in an able and praiseworthy manner until 1898, in September of which year his term of office expiring he resumed his large private practice in the city of Cheyenne. He was associated in legal practice with J. M. Davidson for some years, later forming a partnership with R. W. Breckons under the firm-name of Clark & Breckons which continued until February, 1902, and he has since been engaged in the prac- tice at Cheyenne, Wyo. In addition to his pro- fessional and official careers, Mr. Clark has been actively identified with all political and public af- fairs ever since comng west. He served in the Territorial Legislature during the sessions of 1 87 1 -2, being elected to the same by the Demo- cratic party, of which he has been an active sup- porter ever since old enough to vote. He still takes a prominent part in local, state and national politics, and has been one of his party's success- ful leaders for a number of years, contributing much to its strength as a shrewd and able cam- paigner. Of Judge Clark much might be said and written. In many respects he is far in ad- vance of the average lawyer, as his remarkable career exemplifies. He is constitutionally honest and true and the various high stations with which he has been honored came to him in re- cognition of merit, rather than as a reward for political service. He has a high conception of manhood and that genuine pride of character which renders distasteful anything sordid or dis- reputable. A man of deep and profound con- victions, he maintains the right as he sees and understands it and endeavors as closely as pos- sible to live up to his high standard of manhood. Intellectually he is direct, incisive and critical and is never imposed upon by intellectual sophis- tries. He has always been actuated by a laudable ambition to rise in his profession and, consider- ing the circumstances under which he was obliged to labor in order to make a beginning, his advancement partakes of the nature of the phenomenal. He easily ranks with the ablest at- torneys of a bar which numbers among its mem- bers some of the strongest legal minds of the West, and in his practice he has been connected with many of the most important causes ever tried in the courts of Cheyenne. Personally he enjoys great popularity in his city, and through- out the state, and possesses the faculty of win- ning and retaining warm friendships among all classes, regardless of political affiliations. So- cially he and his estimable wife are highly es- teemed and move in the best society circles of the city in which they have their residence. In 1 881 Judge Clark was united in wedlock with Miss Frances Johnston of Iowa, the ceremony be- ing solemnized in Utah. Four children have blessed the union, James H., Francis C, John D., Robert C, and all are living. SAM A. CRAWFORD. A prominent business man and a valued member of the Grand Army of the Republic, who is now residing at Laramie, Wyoming, Sam A. Crawford, is a native of Ohio, where he was born on December 30, 1838, the son of John and Elizabeth (Anderson) Crawford, the former a native of Ireland and the latter of Ohio. The father in childhood came from his native country to America with his parents, Samuel and Mary (McClung) Crawford, they locating in Adams county, Ohio, where the grandfather, Samuel Crawford, followed the oc- cupation of farming and was also engaged in a prosperous contracting business. His son John followed the same pursuits as his father, dying in Kentucky. The mother, who was a daughter of John and Julia (Ewing) McClung, died in 1888, at the age of seventy-four years. The subject of this sketch grew to man's estate 474 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. in Kentucky and there received his early edu- cation. When his school days were ended he engaged in farming and contracting and at the breaking out of the Civil War enlisted in the Fifty-third Kentucky Mounted Infantry, being commissioned captain of Co. K. He served about eight months and was mustered out at Louisville. He later engaged in the grocery business in Kentucky and subsequently removed to Ohio, where he followed mining until 1886, when he removed to the then territory of Wyoming and established himself at Laramie. Here he secured employment in the rollingmills for about one year, when he engaged in the transferring and express business at the same place, continuing in this employment for about two years and then entering into the retail coal business, in which he has since been engaged and met with marked success. He also owns and conducts a fine ranching and stockraising property, situated about ten miles southwest of Laramie. In 1869 Mr. Crawford married with Miss Edith Corum, a native of Kentucky arid a daughter of William C. and Edith (Passmore) Corum, also natives of that state. Her father was the county clerk of Greenup county, Ky., for many years, being first elected to that responsible position in 1827. Mr. and Mrs. Crawford have had five children, John William, George A., Charles C, Samuel F. and James, the last three named are deceased. Mrs. Crawford died in 1896, being buried at Laramie, Wyo. In 1901 Mr. Crawford led to the matrimonial altar Miss Rose J. Osborne, one of the most estimable ladies of Wyoming. Mr. Crawford is a staunch adherent of the Republican party and for many years he has been active and taken a leading part in public affairs, being also the first coro- ner elected after the organization of the county where he now maintains his home. He is af- filiated with the Grand Army of the Republic, as a member of Post No. 1 at Laramie, is the present quartermaster of his post and has been its commander. In all matters connected with the well-being of the great order of the Grand Army of the Republic he is an enthusiast, while he is ever foremost in the promotion of all meas- ures for the advancement of the city and county where he resides. He is one of the most re- spected citizens of Albany County. SILAS DOTY. Enjoying distinction as one of the largest arid most successful cattlemen of Wvominsr, Silas Doty of Lakeview, Laramie county, has far more than a local celebrity. In business circles widely and favorably known in the Northwest, to him as much as to any other is due the credit of bringing Wyoming to the front as a great live stock producer. He is a scion of One of the oldest families in the Lnited States, tracing his ancestry back in an unbroken line to Edward Doty, a member of the original Plymouth colony, who came over in the May- flower in 1620 and was a warm personal friend of Capt. Miles Standish, whom he afterwards accompanied on a voyage of discovery along the New England and Virginia coasts, receiving for his services in this regard a tract of land adjacent to Plymouth. He came to. the New World a young man twenty-one years old and unmarried; but on January 6, 1635, he was united in marriage with Edith Clark, who bore him eight children. The youngest of these was Joseph Doty, progenitor of that branch of the family to which Silas belongs. Silas Doty, the father of the subject of this writing, was born and reared in Vermont, and in his early man- hood removed to New York and there, on Sep- tember 13, 1826, married with Miss Zerna Par- ker, a descendant on her mother's side of the Spragues of New England, famous in all the annals of the section from Colonial times. Mr. Doty the elder was for many years a farmer in Wyoming county, N. Y., but later in life mi- grated to Calhoun county, Mich., and there passed the rest of his earthly existence, dying on July 6, 1879. His widow survived him until April, 1894. Their son, Silas, was born in Cal- houn county, Mich., on October 1, 1847. He was reared to farm labor, educated in a log schoolhouse near his home, and remained on the homestead until he was twenty-one vears PROGRESSIVE HEX OF WYOMING. 475 old. Like many other young men, he turned longing eyes on the apparently boundless wealth of resources and opportunities of the far- ther West, and in 1888 came to Wyoming, then a wild and sparsely settled land. After spend- ing a few months in Cheyenne he made his way to Laramer county, Colo., where he remained until 1874, devoting his time to ranching and freighting, becoming familiar with the manners and customs of western life. In 1874 he returned to Wyoming and was employed as the manager of the National Cattle Co.'s interests on the Sybylle and Chugwater, and in addition he ran cattle of his own, thus laying the foundation of a business which in a few years grew to large proportions. In 1881 he formed a partnership in the cattle industry with Albert Chamberlain, and the firm was incorporated as Chamberlain & Doty. The firm the same year purchased the T H ranch on the Platte River, in Laramie county. By reason of his engagement with the National Cattle Co., which refused to part with his services as manager, Mr. Doty was unable to give personal attention to this venture, but left everything connected with it to the super- vision of his partner until 1883, when he severed his connection with his employers and turned his attention wholly to his own affairs. In the same year his firm purchased a ranch on Cherry Creek; eleven miles south of Fort Laramie, and soon developed into one of the largest and most successful establishments in the Wyoming cat- tle business. They had the whole extent of country range practically to themselves, and here during the middle eighties they usually ran from 10,000 to 18,000 cattle, the largest number owned by any one firm in the state at that time. Of this enormous business Mr. Doty assumed the direct management until 1893, when they sold their stock and wound up their business, dissolving the partnership a year later. It is but just praise of the management to state that with a single exception this was the only firm in this part of the country engaged in the cat- tle business that successfully wintered the finan- cial storm of 1886 and came through with credit untarnished and assets free from assault. In 1894 Mr. Doty again embarked in the cattle business on a somewhat smaller scale. He retained the ranch on the Platte and the home place on Cherry Creek, and now owns 21,000 acres of excellent stock land, of which 17,000 acres are well fenced. At present (1902) he has the largest herd of cattle belonging to any one man in Laramie county, and is justly accounted one of the shrewdest and most successful oper- ators in the live stock business. Moreover, he carries into the general interests of the com- munity the same integrity, breadth of view, en- ergy and progressive spirit which characterize him in his business and the sterling qualities of manhood he everywhere exhibits have won him a high place in the regard of his fellows and given him a potent voice for good in advancing every meritorious public enterprise. On Feb- ruary 10, 1885, Mr. Doty married Miss Elinor Welch of Princeton, 111., a daughter of George and Louisa W. (Charlton) Welch, the father being prominent as a lawyer at Princeton. Mrs. Doty, having lost her parents in early life, was reared under the care of a guardian, and care- fully educated. She came to Wyoming in 1871, and has since traveled through many states and the territories. Mr. Doty is a zealous and en- thusiastic Freemason, holding membership in the lodge, chapter and commander}- at Chey- enne, having taken the Thirty-second degree in the Scottish Rite. He and his wife are ac- tive members of the Episcopal church. FRANK M. FOOTE. This gentleman who is one of the most prom- inent citizens of Evanston, Wyoming, was born in 1846 at South Bend, Ind., the son of Alexis and Christiana (Millis) Foote. His father was a native of Connecticut where he lived until his twentieth year when he went to Indiana and es- tablished a boot-and-shoe business in South Bend, retiring from this later to a farm about four and one-half miles south of the town where he died in 1859, his remains being interred in South Bend. He was an active Republican. Mrs. Foote was born in Saratoga, N. Y. beinsr the 4 ;6 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. daughter of James and Almira (Gill) Millis, and she died on March 20, two years ago and is bur- ied at South Bend, Ind. She was a devoted and active member of the Methodist church. Frank M. Foote was educated in the Northern Indiana College and the Indiana Normal School at Val- paraiso. Fie was fifteen years old when Fort Sumter was fired on and the event so stirred his patriotic young blood that he tried to enlist as a soldier in the defence of the Union ; but his youth barred him and he failed of acceptance on its account, and later he was employed at book- keeping for some years. In 1871 he came west and obtained a clerkship with the Union Pacific Railroad at Bryan, Wyo., where he remained in this capacity for thirteen months and then took the' place of agent for the same road at Evans- ton. This responsible position he continued to hold for seventeen years, when he was appointed a receiver of public moneys under President Har- rison for four years, after which he was elected the assessor of Uinta county for two years on the Republican ticket, being reappointed receiver of public moneys by President McKinley in June, 1897, but resigned the office on May 2, 1898 to take command of a battalion of Wyo- ming troops in the Spanish-American War, this giving proof that the patriotic fire of his youth was kindled in the depths of his nature. In this command he acquitted himself well, serving with gallantry in the battle at the taking of Ma- nila on August 13, 1898, at the fight at San Pedro-Macati, Guadalotipe and at San Juan del Monte, in the Morang expedition, and in many other battles, engagements and skirmishes. Mr. Foote has distinguished himself in several fields of undertaking. His military record though brief is full of fruitful activity. His political record is both long and strong. From 1876 to 1880 he was the probate judge of Uinta county. From 1881 to 1884 he was deputy sheriff; and we have already noted the filling of man}' later years' service' in other work civil and political. His social and fraternal attainments have been the very highest possible to any man. In 1879 he was grand master of the Odd Fellows of his state; in 1880, grand master of the Freemasons; in 1895, grand commander of the Knights Templar of the state. He has taken thirty-three degrees of Masonry. He is an active member of the Supreme Council S. J. of U. S. and a mem- ber of the Salt Lake City Lodge No. 85 of Elks. Mr. Foote married in 1873 at Waterloo, N. Y., with Ida L. Deuel, a native of the state of New York and a daughter of J. T. and Emeline Deuel. Four children have blessed this union : Mary E., Grace S., Robert P., and Frank. The last named was born in July 1876 and died on October 5, 1881, his remains being interred at South Bend, Ind. PETER H. GERDEL. There is no toiler in any field of enterprise who surpasses the sturdy German, for he has application without stint, and husbands his re- sources so as to make the most of them and under his indomitable industry all obdurate conditions give way and the fruits of his labor are manifest. To this hardy and industrious race belongs Peter H. Gerdel of Sheridan, one of the highly respected citizens of the town, a man of property and consequence, which he has gained in this state and solely by his own ef- forts. .He was born in the Fatherland in 1848,- in the place where both his father's and mother's family had lived for generations, and there he attended school, grew to manhood and learned his trade of shoemaker. In 1872 he came to the United States and passed five years at Louisville, Ky., in working at his trade. On March 15, 1877, he started for the Black Hills, where gold had recently been discovered in great quantities, and whither the eager multi- tude, which always moves toward the place of such a discovery, was flocking, by way of Chey- enne, where his party fitted out a wagon train for transportation to the Big Horn Mountains. At Antelope Springs the Indians stole their stock and they were obliged to walk the rest of the distance to Deadwood, on the way suffering many hardships and privations, being frequently threatened by hostile savages. He did not re- main Ions: in the Black Hills, but returned to PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 477 Cheyenne, where and at Laramie he worked at his trade until 1878. On March 15 of that year he arrived in whabis now Sheridan county, and locating - on a homestead which he took up near Bighorn, he engaged in raising stock un- til 1 90 1. He then sold his ranch and stock and took up his residence in Sheridan, where he had built a handsome home, and since that time he has lived here retired from the active pursuits of life, enjoying the comforts he has earned and the esteem and companionship of the large circle of friends acquired through his sterling qualities of head and heart, his unyielding in- tegrity, progressive public spirit and elevated citizenship. Mr. Gerdel was married in Ger- many in 1871 to Miss Theresa Saur, a native of that country, belonging to families long resi- dent there. She was the first white woman to locate within the present limits of Sheridan county, and loyally endured with her husband the dangers and hardships of pioneer life. They have five children, Emma, the first white child born in the county, now the wife of William Nerlinger of Whatcom, Wash. ; Herman, a prosperous blacksmith at Sheridan ; Eda, first married to Otto Sulgar, since deceased, and now the wife of Oscar Nelson ; Isabelle and Louise. Mr. Gerdel is connected fraternally with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, holding membership in the lodge at Bighorn, and belongs to the Old Settlers' Club of Sheri- dan. Coming to this country when it was al- most entirely unsettled, he was obliged to en- counter many difficulties from natural condi- tions, the hostility of the Indians and the law- lessness of the road agents. He was also con- nected in a leading way with almost every en- terprise for the development of the country around him. He furnished horses for the first postal service at Bighorn and for the first ex- press and was instrumental in starting the first store at the town. He owns a considerable amount of desirable real-estate in both Big- horn and Sheridan, and his useful life has made him highly respected on every hand and by all classes of people. GUSTAVUS T. GOODRICH. Prominent among the early self-made men of Laramie county who have won success by surmounting conditions and overcoming ob- stacles calculated to discourage and deter, is the well-known gentleman whose name intro- duces this article. Although a comparative re- cent comer to this part of Wyoming, he has been a resident of the West since 1883, and from that year to the present time his life has been very closely identified with the growth of the states of Wyoming and Colorado. Gustavus T. Goodrich was born on August 4, i860, in Racine county, Wis., and is a son of Gustavus and Jane P. (Thompson) Goodrich, natives re- spectively of New York and Massachusetts. These parents went to Wisconsin when quite ' young, their respective families being among the pioneer settlers of Racine county. There they were married and there until the outbreak of the Civil AVar the father carried on agricul- tural pursuits. When the stability of the gov- ernment was threatened by the armed hosts of secession Mr. Goodrich responded to the call for volunteers by organizing Co. H of the Twen- ty-second Wisconsin Infantry of which he was elected captain and commissioned. His military experience, which proved of brief duration, was terminated by a fatal illness, contracted shortly after going to the front and returning home he died shortly, thereafter on April 14, 1863, being buried at Mound Center in Racine county. The untimely death of the head of the family threw the responsibility of running the farm and rais- ing the three children on the shoulders of the mother, who nobly discharged these manifold du- ties until her sons were old enough to assume part of the burden. In due time Gustavus and his elder brother took the management of the farm and thus cooperated until the latter mar- ried, after which Gustavus assumed the entire responsibility, although then but sixteen years old. He continued to work the place and look after his mother's interests until his majority, when he went to Iowa and accepted the posi- 478 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING.. tion of salesman with a mercantile -firm at Sioux Rapids. He arrived in that city in 1882 and con- tinued in the above capacity until the spring of the following year when he resigned his place and went to Greeley, Colo., where he remained until the spring of 1884. The preceding fall he purchased a farm at what is now the town of Goodrich, and moving to it the next spring he engaged in agricultural pursuits, which he car- ried on with fair success until 1893, when he sold out and opened a grocery store in Greeley. He conducted the latter business about four years when he disposed of his stock and in 1897 came to Wyoming and took possession of the farm, five miles west of Wheatland, which he had pre- viously purchased and on which he has since re- sided. At the time of the organization of Mor- gan county, Colo., he was appointed a county commissioner, an office wljich he held until his removal to Greeley in 1893. Mr. Goodrich has devoted his attention very closely to agriculture during the latter years, meeting with success commensurate with the efforts he has put forth. His farm which is well situated, contains some of the most fertile land in this part of the coun- try, and the high state of cultivation to which it has been brought and the various improvements made thereon bespeak the presence of a man familiar with every detail of successful and prac- tical husbandry. Mr. Goodrich is enterprising and progressive, as the condition of his home attests, and takes high rank- among the represent- ative farmers of Laramie county. In addition to tilling the soil he pays considerable attention to raising stock, from which source he derives no small part of his income. The marriage of Mr. Goodrich was solemnized in Greeley, Colo., on June 13, 1888, with Miss Rose Ward, a native of Noble county, Ohio, and a daughter of Mark E. and Jane (Laughlin) Ward, also natives of the Buckeye state. Four children have been born to this union, Rosalie and Pearl, twins, G. Ward, Dorothy. Mr. Goodrich holds member- ship with the Knights of Pythias and the An- cient Order of United Workmen, belonging to the lodges at Greeley, Colo., where he was in- itiated. In politics he is a Democrat and in re- ligion a Methodist, his family also belonging to that church. His life has been one of great ac- tivity and the success with which his efforts have been crowned has been fairly and honorably earned. An eminently creditable career is the brief record of this industrious and upright citi- zen, who starting under adverse circumstances has built up a respectable fortune by the exertion of his own brain and muscle and he owes his prosperity to himself alone. He has borne and is bearing well his part and, standing high in the esteem of his neighbors and friends, he is accounted one of the progressive men of the county which he honors with his citizenship. DUNCAN GRANT. Natural endowments arid large experience in practical affairs have eminently fitted the sub- ject of this review for positions of trust and pre- pared him for the duties of the useful career which has ever marked his life. In Mr. Grant's veins flows the blood of a long line of sturdv Scotch ancestors and in his personality have been reproduced many of the sterling qual- ities for which his forebears of long - ago were noted. His parents, Robert and Sarah (Mitch- ell) Grant, were natives of Lanarkshire, Scot- land, the mother dying when Duncan was quite young and the father subsequently emigrating to the United States where the remainder of his life was passed. Duncan Grant was born on May 22, 1854, in Lanarkshire, Scotland, and be- ing early left motherless, he was reared by his father, who spared no pains in providing him with a proper education and left nothing undone in the way of instruction to fit him for the prac- tical duties of the life before him. After pass- ing the prescribed course in the schools of his native place young Grant entered the office of the Uddington Iron Works. Lanarkshire, where he remained about two years in a clerical capac- ity, and in May, 1869, in company with his fa- ther, he came to the United States and during the ensuing five years they lived near LaCrosse. AYis., the father devoting his time to agriculture and the son dividing his time between cultivating PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 479 the soil and clerking in a store. In the spring of 1874 the)' came to Wyoming, where Duncan soon entered the employ of the McFarland & Mcllwain Cattle Co., which then owned a ranch on the Chugwater in Laramie county. After continuing with that firm for some time Mr. Grant engaged with Hunter & Abbott, cattlerais- ers, in whose services he remained until 1879, when he resigned to accept a position with the Swan Brothers Cattle Co. From a subordinate station he was soon given charge of the roundup work, and with such ability and fidelity were his duties discharged, that in 1883 he was promoted foreman of all the company's ranches in this section of Wyoming, a position of great respon- sibility and only given to men of recognized executive ability and who by practical experience have demonstrated their fitness not only as man- agers, but who have also proven their moral worth as custodians of important trusts. Mr. Grant held this position to the satisfaction of his employers until the fall of 1889 when he resigned the station and took up a ranch on Sybylle Creek, ten miles southwest of Wheat- land where he has since been engaged in the cat- tle business upon his own responsibilit} r . He has added greatly to the attractiveness of his place by substantial improvements, including a beautiful and comfortable residence, recently re- modelled, and at the present time owns 760 acres of land, well situated as to markets and admir- ably adapted for stock purposes. His ranch is well stocked and since beginning business for himself his progress has been most encouraging and his success as rapid and substantial as he could reasonably expect or desire. He has ac- quired a competence of no small proportions and enjoys the distinction of being one of the oldest settlers in this part of the state, at the same time holding marked prestige as one of the best known cattle men in Laramie county and those adjacent. His long connection with the cattle industry has brought him into close personal touch with many of the leading stock- men of the state, which, with his own experience and observation, has made him familiar with this great and far-reaching industry in its every de- partment and detail. Mr. Grant is .a public- spirited man and has always exerted his influ- ence in behalf of whatever tends to promote the material welfare of the community and state. He takes an active interest in public affairs but has no political aspirations nor desires to. distin- guish himself in an official capacity. Politically he supports the Republican party and fraternally belongs to the Masonic brotherhood, Ancient Or- der of United Workmen and to the Woodmen of the World. On January 3, 1892, Mr. Grant and Mary E. Regan were united in marriage, the ceremony being solemnized at Union Springs, N. Y. Mrs. Grant was born in the state of New York, her parents settling near the city of Au- burn when they came to this country from Ire- land. Mr. and Mrs. Grant have three children, Margaret M., George R. S. and Ellen L. Dur- ing- the greater part of his life Mr. Grant was closely associated with his father, both in busi- ness and in residence, they never being sepa- rated for a longer period than one month in forty-six years. ' Coming to this country together they worked pleasantly and harmoniously to- gether and to each others interests until the death of the father, who departed this life on February 10, 1900, at the age of eighty-four and now lies in dreamless sleep on the ranch where he so happily passed the latter years of his long and useful life. HON. LEROY GRANT. Out of the depths of his native wisdom, Car- lyle wrote "History is the essence of innumer- able biographies." Another almost equally dis- tinguished writer said "Biography is the most complete form of history." In .view of these statements, which are facts, the world has a certain property interest in every life, the im- portance of the interest depending • upon the rel- ative value of the individual to the community, the state or to the nation. "Ceaselessly to and fro flies the deft shuttle which weaves the web of human destiny, and into the vast mosaic fab- ric enter the individuality, the effort, the accomp- lishment of each man, be his station lowly or one 480 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. of distinction and power. Within the textile folds may be traced the line of each individual- it}-, be it one that lends the beautiful sheen of honest worth and honorable endeavor, or one that, dark and zigzag, finds its way through warp and woof, marring the composite beauty by its blackened threads,, ever in evidence of the shadowed and unprolific life." The study of the successful life is always interesting and profitable, serving as a stimulus to greater en- deavor on the part of those whose destinies are yet to be achieved. There is no impropriety in scanning the acts of any man as they affect his social, business or public relations, for in so doing his career may serve as a beacon, lighting others to the pathway leading to the goal of suc- cess. These thoughts are suggested while con- templating the career of Hon. LeRoy Grant, who has figured conspicuously in the recent political history of Wyoming and whose course as a leg- islator and official has had a decided bearing upon affairs of state. He is a native of Columbia, Her- kimer county, N. Y., born September 7, 1847, and his father, Conrad Grant, who was a farmer and merchant was born in the same state as was also his mother, who bore the maiden name of Elizabeth Vrooman. Of their two children Le- Roy was the first born and the public schools of his native town gave him his education until he was fourteen years old, when he became a stu- dent of Whitesborough College, from which he was graduated at the early age of eighteen. Shortly after completing his collegiate course. Air. Grant engaged in the oil business at Rouse- ville and Oil City, Pa., there devoting the ensu- ing three years in an attempt to realize a for- tune from a source in which few succeed and many fail. At the expiration of the above pe- riod he abandoned the oil fields and went to Chicago, where he took up a course of study in Eastman's Business College and after graduat- ing kept books and worked for different mercan- tile firms as clerk and traveling salesman for a number of years, finally engaging in business for himself. Investing his capital in a stock of gro- ceries, he began that line of trade in Chicago, under very favorable auspices, and continued with encouraging success until the great fire swal- lowed up his establishment and left him, like hundreds similarly engaged, stranded upon the rugged reefs of financial disaster. With a spirit not easily discouraged, he rallied from the loss and in due time opened a second grocery store, which he conducted with gratifying results until 1876 when, by reason of failing health, he left the business temporarily and came to Wyo- ming for the purpose of recuperating his worn- out bodily energies. After passing one vear in the West to the great benefit of his health, Mr. Grant returned to his business in Chicago which he continued to carry on until 1879 wnen he s °ld out to make Wyoming his permanent home. In the pursuance of this resolve he purchased a ranch about one mile from Tie-siding station in Albany county, and engaged in the cattle and sheep business; which he carried on at that place during the five years following, when he moved his family to Laramie, where in addition to a very extensive livestock business he was con- nected with a large general store. In 1S89 Mr. Grant was appointed by President Harrison a receiver of public moneys, which position he held four and one-half years, when, by reason of a change in the national administration, he was removed and the place given to a Democrat. Meanwhile in 1886 he was elected as mayor of Laramie, the duties of which office he discharged satisfactorily to all concerned for one term. Early taking an active interest in local and state politics he soon became one of the Republican leaders in Albany county. In 1884 he was elected to the lower house of the General Assembly and two years later was further honored by being chosen a member of the State Senate. His course in these bodies meeting the unqualified approval of his constituents he was elected his own successor in 1888 and nine years later, in 1897, for a third term lie represented Albany county in the lower house. His career as a legislator not only justi- fied the people in the wisdom of their choice, but he there demonstrated abilities which won him a conspicuous place among the distinguished publi- cists of the state. He was honored with places on the most important committees, where his influence was instrumental in consummating much important legislation, while on the floors PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 481 of both houses he was easily the peer of his as- sociates and a recognized leader on the Republi- can side. He retired from the assembly with a record free from the slightest taint of suspicion and a gratifying reputation as a sound and dis- creet legislator, in which his numerous friends have ever since taken a just pride. Appreciat- ing his ability and value as a public servant, his party in 1899 called him from retirement and made him the state auditor, which important trust he has since held. The success which has attend- ed the career of Mr. Grant since he became a citizen of Wyoming has few parallels in the his- tory of the state. From the beginning he rap- idly forged to the front, and that, too by the sheer force of his own will and genius, until he became not only a controlling factor in the coun- cils of his party, but a leader in many matters with which politics has little to do. A man of unimpeachable character and unusual intellec- tual endowments, possessing distinctive patience, urbanity and industry, he has succeeded in win- ning a high place in the public regard, and, as a faithful and conscientious public official has so discharged his functions as to conserve in the largest measure the general good. His popular- ity is state-wide and many of his warmest per- sonal friends are members of the party that an- tagonizes him politically. Rich in the honors and respect which follow an upright life that has been ever true to its ideals and highest possibil- ties, a life that has been of preeminent benefit to his fellowman, Mr. Grant has well earned the esteem in which he is held and bids fair to be called to still higher stations in the future. He is a Mason of a high degree and has long been prominent in the work of the fraternity. He was married at Chicago on November 25, 1877, to Miss Ida A. Buschwah, and this union has been blessed with four children, LeRoy N., Albert P., Hattie E. and Ida Adelaide. HERBERT J. GREGORY. Among the younger business men of Uinta county, Wyoming, none stands in better favor with the public than Mr. Gregory, the capable and popular manager of the commercial interests of the Lone Tree Mercantile Co., whose busy headquarters are located at the thriving village of Lone Tree. His business policy has ever been in accord with the highest ethics, he possesses untiring energy, is keen and quick in his percep- tions, forms his plans rapidly and accurately, and success comes to him as the very natural se- quence of the operations of these very rare quali- ties. He is a native of Manchester, England, born there on September 23, 1875, a son of James and Susanna (Jones) Gregory, and his parents are still residing in the land of his birth, his father being a successful commercial trav- eler. Herbert J. Gregory came to the United States in 1890, having received an excellent edu- cation in the famous public schools of England, and made his first location at Salt Lake City, where he engaged in merchandising. In 1898 he became one of the interested principals in the Lone Tree Mercantile Co., 'and took up his resi- dence here to attend to the practical details of its management. As has been mentioned before, success has attended his efforts, and he has also won the respect and confidence of the patrons of his. store. In their ample store buildings is displayed a full line of drygoods, -groceries, hardware, farm implements, everything necessary to satisfy the trade of a well-to-do and yet prac- tical class of patrons. The postofhce of Lone Tree is located at this store, Mr. Gregory having been commissioned the postmaster in 1898, and his administration of the duties incumbent upon him in that connection meets with popular favor. He is interested in all things that make for the uplifting and the betterment of the community aiid is" the present clerk of the school board. On July 14, 1890, at Salt Lake City, Utah, Mr. Gregory formed a matrimonial alliance with Miss Lavina S. Easton, a daughter of George and Susanna (Mclntyre) Easton, natives of Scot- land. Her mother passed to the Silent Land in April, 1900, and her father has returned to Scot- land. Their children are Herbert and Alma. Mr. Gregory owns a ranch in the Teton basin of Idaho and also one in L T tah, on both of which he conducts stock operations. Mr. and Mrs. Greg- 482 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. ory occupy a high position in society and have many friends and their home is a center of most gracious hospitality. HON. CHARLES P. CLEMMONS. One of the leading men of Wyoming, at pres- ent mayor of Saratoga in that state, Hon. Charles P. Clenimons, a native of Nebraska, born on Jan- uary 22, 1866, is the son of Travers and Cynthia (Powell) Clemmons, both natives of Ohio. His paternal grandfather was John Clemmons, a prominent citizen of Ohio, who removed from that state to Nebraska in territorial days, being one of the earliest of the pioneers west of the Missouri River. He was a prosperous farmer and for many years prior to his decease was one of the representative men of Nebraska, having his home near Rock Bluff in Cass county. His son, Travers Clemmons, was a young man at the time of the removal and grew to manhood in his new home, residing near Rock Bluff 'until 1887 when he disposed of his property at that place and changed his residence to Fairbury in Jeffer- son county, where he has since resided and been one of the prominent business men of the place, although he is now practically retired from active pursuits. During recent years he has been en- gaged principally in railroad construction work under contract, helping also to build the first railroad in the state. Hon. Charles P. Clemmons was reareddn Nebraska and received his element- ary education in the public schools near his boy- hood home. Subsequently he pursued a course of study at the business college at Dixon, 111., and then entered the law-office of Hambell & Hessty at Fairbury as a student. This was one of the leading law-firms in that section of the state, in- terested in much important litigation, especially in connection with the. operations of the Burling- ton & Missouri Railroad, for which it acted as counsel. Therefore Mr. Clemmons had an op- portunity in this office to thoroughly familiarize himself with the theory and practice of the law under skilled preceptors, -and he improved his opportunity to the best advantage. In 1888 he was admitted to the bar of Nebraska and soon afterward removed his residence to Colorado Springs, in the neighboring state of Colorado, where he became associated in the practice of his profession with J. K. Goudy, a prominent member of the bar of that state. He remained there about two years and then removed to Grand Encampment, Wyoming, and there en- gaged in mining for another period of two years. He was successful in his mining enterprises at times and was also largely interested in the town- site company at Grand Encampment. In 1892 he removed to Saratoga, where he now lives, and there formed a partnership with Dr. Price in a drug business at that town. His partners health began to fail soon thereafter when he took charge of the business and conducted it with steadily in- creasing success. At the same time he was largely interested in mining and was instrumental in negotiating several large deals in mining prop- erty, notably that of the famous Ferris-Haggarty mine, which was sold for $1,000,000. He is at present a stockholder and actively interested in several of the largest and most promising mines in southern Wyoming, has done much to bring outside capital into the section, and been fore- most in all measures which promised to promote the development of the surrounding country and benefit the people of his county and the state. In January, 1899, Mr. Clemmons was united in marriage with Miss Mamie Miller, a native of Indiana and a daughter of I. C. Miller, president of the Rawlins National Bank of Rawlins, one of the leading citizens of that portion of the state. Their union has been blessed with two children, Isaac Russell, named for his maternal grandfather, and Charles Powell Clemmons, Jr. Their home is widely noted for the gracious and generous hospitality which the}' have pleasure in dispensing to their large circle of friends and acquaintances and all' of the members of the family are held in high esteem. Fraternally Mr. Clemmons is affiliated with the order of Elks and takes a deep interest in the proceedings both of his lodge and the order. In political faith Mr. Clemmons is a stanch Democrat, one of the ablest and most trusted of the leaders of the party in his state. The esteem in which he is held by his PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 483 neighbors and fellow-citizens, and their confi- dence in his business ability and capacity for pub- lic affairs, is fully attested by his -election to the office of mayor of his home town, and his tri- umphant reelection to that position over a strong and representative Republican. His municipal administration has been characterized by fair- ness, abilitv, progressiveness and fidelity to the best interests of the entire community, without regard to party or personal considerations. His course has been progressive and enterprising, at the same time being safe and conservative, and the growth and improvement of the community have been marked and gratifying under his wise guidance and management of its affairs. In 1898 he was the candidate of his party for the office of county attorney, and in 1900 for that of repre- sentative in the state legislature, but, owing to the large adverse majority in the county, he failed of an election,' although he made an excellent run and received a very flattering vote. In the fall of 1902 he was nominated for member of Congress from his state but, although making a handsome showing at the polls, the conditions were unfavorable to his party and he was not elected. He is one of the rising men of Wyo- ming in business and in public life and is des- tined to continue a prominent figure in public af- fairs. He is progressive, able, faithful to every trust, and loyal to his friends and constituents. Among the younger men of Wyoming he is eas- ily in the front rank and is one of those on whom the commonwealth must depend for safety and advancement at home and distinction abroad. In every walk of life he has shown high character, unyielding integrity, lofty citizenship, admirable capacity and a charming personality, while in every portion of the state he is regarded as a leading and most representative man. MAURICE GROSHON. It is a pleasure for a historian to turn aside from the narration of events to chronicle the record of a self-made man, an industrious and useful person, who by his own ability and hon- est dealing has placed himself high upon the list 30 of business men as having achieved a justly mer- ited success. And just such an individual is Maurice Groshon of Fort Bridger, "Wyoming. He is a son of William and Helen F. (Stubbs) Groshon, and was born in the city of St. Louis, Mo.,' on June 22, 1859. His father was a native of New Jersey and a son of Peter Groshon, who comes of a long line of ancestors tracing back to early Colonial stock and one of whose uncles was a Colonial governor, several members of the family serving with valor, not only in the French and Indian wars, but in the Continental army of the Revolution. His mother was' a na- tive of England, where the family has long been resident. William Groshon was an early resi- dent of the city of St. Louis, and, having learned the hatter's trade side by side with Mr. Dunlap, the celebrated hat manufacturer, he opened the first store for the manufacture and sale of hats in the city of St. Louis, which he successfully conducted x for many years. William Groshon and wife had six children, three boys and three girls, and three of them are now living, namely, Mrs. Marie A. Fowler, of St. Louis, Mo., who is the mother of one child ; Cleveland, who is married and has one child and also resides in St. Louis ; a*nd Maurice Groshon of Wyoming. Mr. Groshon received his preliminary education in the city schools of St. Louis and supplemented the valuable instruction there obtained by at- tendance in the Washington (Mo.) University. After his educational discipline was thus acquired he was appointed manager of the U. S. ware- houses under his father, who for some years held an important office in the U. S. customs. After two years passed in the capacity of manager, Mr. Groshon engaged as clerk on a steamboat running on the Mississippi and Ohio rivers from St. Louis to Pittsburg. He continued this voca- tion for six months and then became identified with the Simmons Hardware Co. of St. Louis, continuing to be thus occupied for two years until his health began to be impaired, when on this account, he concluded to seek the better cli- matic conditions of the West and in 1880 came to Wyoming and located seventy-three miles north of Rawlins. Here his first connection with 484 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. the industrial enterprises of Wyoming was on a cattle ranch for a short period, being also a bookkeeper in Rawlins during the winter of 1881 and 1882. In the spring of 1882 he came to Fort Bridger and followed his former occupation of cowboy on a ranch for several months, when he was given the position of clerk in the post- trader's store in the employ of Mrs. W. A. Carter. By his ability, attention to business and personal qualifications he was soon made manager of the store and held that important position until the post was abandoned in 1889. Since that time he has been independently engaged in ranching and cattleraising, owning 480 acres of highly im- proved and valuable land beautifully located on Smith's Fork, in Uinta county, opposite Mount- ain View, and here he has made many improve- ments on this place, which he has developed in a wise and discriminating manner to correspond with the requirements of the special industry he conducts, and here he runs a band of fully five hundred high bred Shorthorn cattle. Mr. Gros- hon takes great pains in the purity of the cattle he raises and is considered to possess one of the finest herds in the state and his ranching opera- tions cover the raising of fine crops of grain and hay. He also owns and operates an' exceedingly valuable traction engine and threshing machine. Mr. Groshon has always taken very active part in political affairs, being pronounced in the sup- port of the Democratic party, and he has strongly battled for the success of its principles and its policies. That he is considered a wise, discrimin- ating and intelligent man of affairs is shown when we state that he has held with great accepta- bility the position of U. S. commissioner for Uinta county for the last ten years. His long continuance of office is the strongest evidence possible of his capabilities, his honesty, his de- votion to duty, and also of his popularity as a man who is noted for' his industry and useful qualities, sound judgment and practical common sense, and he enjoys the esteem of a large ac- quaintance for his many sterling qualities. On October 30, 1884, Mr. Groshon was joined in matrimony with Miss Lulie L. Carter, a daugh- ter of Judge William A. and Mary E. (Hamil- ton) Carter, natives of Yirgina. For full ances- tral history of Judge Carter see a separate article elsewhere in this volume. Mr. and Mrs. Groshon have one of the most beautiful and pleasant homes in this section of the state, and here they entertain their large acquaintance and numerous friends with a bountiful hospitality, with gener- osity also giving to all worthy objects of pub- lic interest or sympathy coming to their notice. JOHN W. GRIFFIN. One of the leading hotel men and stockdeal- ers of the state of Wyoming, being also one of its most progressive citizens, John W. Griffin, of Cheyenne, is a native of Ireland, receiving his birth near the beautiful lakes of Killarney, where he passed the first ten years of his eventful life. The spirit of adventure was so strong in him in childhood that he ran away from home at the early age of ten years and crossed the Atlantic to the city of New York. Born on October 23, 1848, in the winter of 1858 and 1859 ne found himself alone in the city of New York, having no friends or relatives to assist him and with his own way to make in the new, strange world, but the spirit of determination which has attended him through all of his life, and to which may be attributed a large measure of his success, was with him at that time and he found employment and started to learn the trade of coppersmith. In three months' time he concluded that he was not fitted for that trade and engaged in other work. During this time, while denied the privi- leges of school life, he availed himself of every opportunity to acquire an education and to im- prove himself. He was ever a close and a care- ful observer and by his industry and attention soon became possessed of a more accurate knowl- edge of men and things than most boys who have all the advantages of school. In the sum- mer of 1862 he was still in New York and wit- nessed the terrible scenes of the great riots, which made a deep impression upon his young mind and taught him in a manner which he never for- got a respect for the law and for the preserva- tion of life and property. In July. 1862. he PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 485 went to Pennsylvania, where he secured em- ployment as brakeman on a railroad. He con- tinued in this occupation for some time and in 1864 was promoted to conductor. During 1864 and 1865, he was in charge of a train running out of Cleveland, Ohio, on the Atlantic and Great Western railroad, remaining in the employ of that road until 1867. In November of that year he removed his residence to Cheyenne, Wyo. This was during the frontier days of Wyo- ming and Cheyenne was then in its infancy as a city. Upon arriving here he accepted a posi- tion as foreman in the car department of the railroad shops of the Union Pacific Railroad, which was then under construction. He was engaged in this employment until 1871, when he was transferred to Sidney, Neb., to take charge of the railroad car shops at that place. Here in 1872 he organized the firm of Griffin & Hark- son, and entered upon the cattle business, hav- ing headquarters at Sidney. This firm did a very large business and for many years was among the most extensive operators in the west- ern country. In 1874 he erected the Metropol- itan hotel at Sidney, long a well-known hostelry of that section and soon thereafter purchased the Grand Central hotel at the same place, con- ducting both places at the same time. He was also still holding his position with the railroad company, and handling his cattle business. In November, 1874, his own interests became so extensive as to demand his entire time and at- tention and he resigned his position with the Union Pacific. He continued in his hotel and cattle business, meeting with great success, up to 1880, when he disposed of his stock interests at a large profit, and early in 1881 he also sold his hotel property in Sidney, and removed his resi- dence to Cheyenne, Wyo. Here he purchased the Metropolitan hotel on Ferguson and Fif- teenth streets, and has continued since that time in a successful hotel business at that place. He has much enlarged his hotel building, and made extensive improvements until now he has one of the largest and most modern hostelries in the state, and enjoys a flattering patronage from the best classes of people. In 1887 he again became interested in the cattle business, purchasing a large tract of land on Crow Creek, about six miles west of Cheyenne, stocking it with range cattle. He also purchased land on Spring Creek for the same purpose and is now the owner of about 6,000 acres of fine ranch land, well fenced and improved, besides controlling several thou- sand acres under lease from the state, and is ex- tensively engaged in raising cattle and horses. He is also a large holder of city property in Cheyenne, being one of the most enterprising and representative men of that city. He has always been foremost in all measures calculated to promote the welfare o'f his city or of Wyo- ming. On November 18, 1869, at Davenport, Iowa, Mr. Griffin was united in marriage with Miss Margaret Mclnerney, a native of Ireland, whose parents were well-known and respected residents of that country. Mrs. Griffin came to America at the age of fifteen years with her brothers and other relatives and made her home in Davenport until her marriage. To their un- ion nine children have been born, Thomas F., who, at the age of sixteen years, on December 4, 1886, was accidentally drowned; John A., who is in charge of his father's ranch and stock inter- ests ; Mary E., died on July 15, 1890; Frederick E., died in 1888, aged six years; James died in 1882, aged two years; Joseph H., at the pa- rental home and attending school; Edna, died on July 1, 1890, aged fourteen years; and Wil- liam, who is also at home with his parents. Their home is one noted for its generous hospitality, and all through his life Mr. Griffin has been noted for his good-fellowship and his charity and helpfulness to those less fortunate than him- self. The family are members of the Roman Catholic church, and take an active interest in all works of beneficence in the community. Mr. Griffin is a stanch Republican and for many years he has taken a leading part in the councils and management of that political organization in Wy- oming and Nebraska. Always interested in the public welfare, and prominent in every move- ment for the improvement of the city of Chey- enne, or' the development of the resources of the state, he has never sought or desired to hold 486 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. public position. Often solicited by his party friends and associates to become a candidate for office, for which his business ability and popu- larity so well fit him, he has steadfastly declined to accept any position, except to serve the city of Cheyenne for several terms as a member of the city council. In this position he has been very useful to the community, and has won the re- spect of his fellow citizens. He is one of the foremost men of Wyoming, a pioneer, one of the strong representative men who on the frontier have solidly laid the foundations of one of the best and most promising states of the Union. HON. CHARLES A. GUERNSEY. For countless ages History recorded only or mainly the bloody aspects of human life. Her heroes were the men of might and arms, > and these she made' the staple of the student's daily aspirations 'and nightly dreams. American en- terprise and skill have called her vision to new fields of conquest .and given to her glowing pen a theme of broader and more spiritual inspiration. The victories of peace, the triumphs of man over nature on our soil have quickened her pulse and made the substance of her story. She has in large measure deserted the heroes of destruction to portray and commemorate those of construction. The career of one of these it is the pleasing pur- pose of this writing to briefly outline. Hon. Charles A. Guernsey of the town which was named in his honor, and which is the product of his fruitful brain, successful enterprise and in- dustrial generalship, is a native of Oneida coun- ty, N. Y., his parents, Morrell and- Betsy Ann (Merrill) Guernsey, being also natives of that state, where in its capital city the father car- ried on an extensive and prosperous mercantile business until his death in 1861. The mother is now living in Otsego county, in the state of New York, where she was born. Mr. Guernsey was forced early in life to look fate firmly in the face with almost no dependence but his own resources. At the age of sixteen, when most young men of intellect and scholarly ambition are contending for degrees and honors at college, he left the public schools and became a clerk in a wholesale establishment in Albany, N. Y. Herein he also found his proper bent and soon developed ability of a high order for the busi- ness and was given charge of the sales and col- lections of the firm, a position of great responsi- bility for so young a man, but one in which his capacity was more fully demonstrated than be- fore, for responsibility educates rapidly where the fiber is fruitful, and he rose to every demand of his place without apparent effort. Commercial life was, however, too narrow and inflexible to satisfy the demands of his aspiring mind, and he sought in the great empire of the Northwest a wider field of enterprise, coming to Wyoming in 1880. Here was an agreeable and propitious conjunction of a new field of boundless undevel- oped wealth and opportunity and a young man of resolution, firm self-confidence and lofty as- piration. He took up land on the Cheyenne River at the southern part of the Black Hills, and started an industry in cattleraising which he con- ducted successfully for nearly nine years. But he was designed for a different domain and when the hour came he heard the voice that called him to it. In 1889 he located in •the section of his present home with a view of developing its min- ing interests and located mines of iron and cop- per in the Hartville and Sunrise districts and or- ganized companies to work them. They proved productive and valuable and were soon leased by the Colorado Syndicate which is now oper- ating" them. He continued his search for mineral deposits by active prospecting and from time to time located other mines of value, which he has since developed by his individual enterprise and capital. These cluster around a conven- ient point for the town necessary to their success- ful operation and an inevitable outgrowth there- of, and this, humble and unpretentious at first, as all mining towns must be, under the influence of his energy and the spirit of improvement en- gendered thereby, has become a beautified, thriv- ing and promising little city ; and popular senti- ment appreciating his enterprise in the matter, has suitably baptized the growing infant, giving it the name of its real father. Guernsev. He PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 487 owns much of the town and all of the land sur- rounding it for some distance, and takes great interest in its welfare and growth. But while mines and industrial development have largely engaged his attention and activities, Mr. Guern- sey has never lost interest in the stock industry and now owns many of the best and most judic-. iously located ranches on the Platte and some of the finest stock in the state. In justice to his public spirit and breadth of view, even if in contravention of his modesty, it must be said that neither his mining operations nor his ranch in- dustries have been conducted solely or mainly with a view to his own interest. He has been essentially a promoter of the progress of Wyo- ming along the lines of healthy and steady growth, and has carried on his business in such a way as to attract to his localities an excellent class of immigrants and get them started as fac- tors in his commendable design. However much he might personally wish it otherwise, in a coun- trv like ours, particularly in a new state of the West where the population is sparse, it is in- evitable that a gentleman of Mr. Guernsey's ability, resources and diversity of interests, con- trolling the comfort and powers of many per- sons who must look to him for direction and lead- ership, should become by force of circumstances, if not otherwise, deeply and actively interested in the politics and legislation of the state. Real- izing this fact, he has accepted his share of public duty and performed it with conscientious devo- tion and fidelity. A firm and intelligent believer in the principles of the Republican party, he has done what he could to make them the ruling power in Wyoming, and their application to the civic forces of the state as beneficent as possi- ble. He has served one term in the lower house of the Territorial Legislature, one in the Terri- torial Council ; one in the lower house of the State Legislature, and is now a member of the State Senate, being also its president. In each of these bodies he has been animated by the same lofty standard of ethics and sustained by the same wealth of knowledge and breadth of view which have characterized him in other depart- ments of human energy, and the benefits of his legislative career are felt and appreciated all over the state. In the very responsible and im- portant position which he now occupies as pres- ident of the Senate, he has displayed readiness, fulness of knowledge, skill in interpretation, great firmness in decision and withal the most un- broken courtesy of manner, qualities which have won him universal commendation, but which have not surprised those who know him. Mr. Guernsey married on June 11, 1900, at Chicago, 111., Miss Mary V. Bryant, a native of Ohio and a daughter of Henry V. and Lucy (Stratton) Bryant. Her father was one of the founders of "the chain of Bryant & Stratton business colleges established around the country which have done so much to improve and systematize business methods in this country. Two children have blessed their union, H. Bryant and Antoinette. No man is better known in Wyoming than Sen- ator Guernsey and none is more highly or more generally esteemed. JOSEPH P. GUILD. One of the leading business men of his sec- tion of Wyoming and prominently connected with one of the largest mercantile houses of the state, is Joseph P. Guild, of Fort Bridger, Uinta county. He was born at Spanish Fork, Utah, on March 7, 1859, a son of Charles and Man M. (Cardon) Guild. He received the educational advantages that were afforded by the public schools of Wyoming and was diligent in obtain- ing the benefits thereof. He was a bright, ener- getic boy, with confident hopes and firm resolves, and was inspired by an honest and ceaseless ambition. Conscious of the capacity to exert his faculties in useful labor and feeling a loyal re- sponsibility as to the use of time, he seemed to have an intuitive dread of idleness from the mo- ment he was prepared for industry. With such a spirit he early engaged in cattleraising with his father, with whom he is still connected and of whom an individual sketch appears elsewhere in this volume. By his energy and business ca- pacity he was largely instrumental in produc- ing the rapid and almost phenomenal growth of 4 88 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. their extensive stockraising and commercial op- erations. On the formation of the Guild Land and Live Stock Co. he became very active in its operations and, upon the retirement of his fa- ther as president of this corporation in 1900, he succeeded him in this office. This company now •controls and owns about 6,000 acres of land, on which they raise immense herds of high-grade cattle. The unexceptional habits and tireless ap- lication of Joseph Guild to business, his quick perception of what was right and what was wrong, his undeviating integrity, the simplicity of his methods and his unbounded confidence in the results of legitimate industry, gave him an early and valuable reputation for sound judg- ment and as a successful business man this has been amply demonstrated in the progress and building up of the Guild Mercantile Co., of which he is the president and also manager of its Fort Bridger store. The 'Guild Mercantile Co. car- ries a large stock of general merchandise in am- ply equipped stores located at Fort Bridger, Pied- mont and Lyman. The largest stock is displayed at the Fort Bridger establishment and consists of, not only general merchandise, but agricultural implements, hardware, etc. To obtain control of valuable patrons and bring success in merchan- dising requires an ample understanding of the fundamental laws of trade and of the legitimate means of success. No young man of the state has more thoroughly mastered these laws and ob- served them than has the subject of this review. Mr. Guild has always taken a very active part in public affairs, and as a Republican the political combinations of his county and his state have re- ceived the full strength of his vigor. He is prominent in the councils of his party, by the voters of which he has been twice elected county commissioner of Uinta county, the duties of which office have been most faithfully performed under his administration. He has also rendered valuable service in educational matters in his position as one of the school board of Fort Bridger. Mr. Guild was married on Saint Val- entine's day in 1884, in Piedmont, Wyo., to Miss Lucy B. Eiden, who was born in Loraine county, Ohio, being a daughter of Nicholas and Maggie (Laux) Eiden, natives of Germany, who emi- grated to America and settled in Ohio, in which state her widowed mother still resides. Mr. and Mrs. Guild have had three children, Nora, Charles, who died in infancy at Piedmont, and Robert E. The family holds a high position in social circles of Fort Bridger, entertaining gracefully their numerous friends. Mr. Guild has ever manifested a deep interest in public im- provements and as a business man he has been and is successful, while as a member of society he is respected and beloved. HON. ORA HALEY. One of the most successful stockmen and largest individual landowners of Wyoming is Ora Haley, a prominent citizen of Laramie, whose home is at 417 Thornburgh street. He was born at East Corinth, Me., in 1845, the son of Benjamin and Nancy J. (Rollins) Haley, the former a native of the state of New Hampshire and the latter of Maine, where the father followed the occupations of farmer and drover and was en- gaged in those pursuits until 1866, when he moved to Malaga, New Jersey, where he con- tinued to live up to the time of his demise on March 17, 1887, at the venerable age of seventy- three years, and he was interred at Malaga. The mother passed away in 1849 an d was buried at East Corinth, Me. Hon. Ora Haley grew to manhood in his native state and received his early education in the public schools, taking a course of study in the East Corinth Academy. At the age of eighteen years he accepted a posi- tion in a mercantile establishment in Bangor, Me., for the purpose of acquiring a knowledge of mercantile pursuits preparatory to embark- ing in business for himself. He passed two years in this employment and then went as a substitute in Co. A in the state militia during the Civil War and for a period of sixty days he was employed on garrison duty at Fort Mc- Cleary in the regular army. After his muster- out he removed his residence from Maine to Waukon, Iowa, where he secured employment and remained until 186^, when he joined the PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 489 stampede 'to Pike's Peak in search of gold and drove a five-yoke ox team from Wisconsin to Denver. In 1866 he went to Black Hawk, in the then territory of Colorado, where he leased a meat market and started in business. He remained at this place meeting with financial success until the town went down, when he engaged in freighting from the Cache la Poudre River td the city of Cheyenne, Wyo., and along the grade camps west of Cheyenne, furnishing hay for the grading" outfits who were then constructing the line of the Union Pacific Railroad, continuing in this occupation until January, 1868, when he removed his residence to Fort Saunders. To this place he brought a band of catttle and soon engaged again in the meat business, continuing it with considerable success until 1871, when he located his first 160 acres of land on the Little Laramie. This was the first land he owned in Wyoming, and he has increased his landed hold- ings until now (1902) he is. the owner of 50,000 acres of land in Wyoming and 2,500 acres in Colorado. He is also the owner, in association with B. F. Saunders of Salt Lake City, of large tracts of land and cattle in Arizona, also having extensive stock interests in Wyoming, Colo- rado and Arizona, being one of the leading stockmen of the western country. He takes a special pride in the breeding of thoroughbred and graded Hereford cattle. Mr. Haley is a staunch member of the Republican party and for many years has borne a leading part in pub- lic affairs, being one of the most prominent and trusted of the party leaders of his state. He was elected as a member of the Second Legisla- tive Assembly of the territory of Wyoming and was a member of the State Senate during the first legislative session meeting after the admission of the state to the Union. While a member of the Legislature he served his constituents and the state with conspicuous ability, many of the provisions of the present statutes of Wyoming owing their origin to his industry and patriotism. For many years he has been a member of the state board of live stock commissioners, and has given a consid- erable portion of his time to the public service without compensation, or hope of reward, other than a consciousness of having discharged his duty as a public-spirited citizen of his state. Fraternally he is affiliated with the Masonic or- der, being ever interested in any measure cal- culated to promote the welfare of that order or to advance and conserve the fraternal life of the community. On January 8, 1872, Mr. Haley was united in marriage to Miss Augusta Peifier, a native of Missouri and a daughter of Frank and Susan Peifier. Mr. and Mrs. Haley have had four children, Annie G. and Addie J., twins, Hattie B. and Ora B. Addie J. died on Septem- ber 30, 1902, at the age of thirty years, having been an invalid for a number of years. The Haley house is noted for its comforts and the many evidences of refinement which surround it, and for its charming hospitality. Mr. Haley is one of the most advanced and progressive business men of Wyoming, and the success which he has achieved is a fitting tribute to his ability and worth as a citizen. He has done much to build up the state and, if he should de- sire it, there are few honors within the gift of the people which might not be within his grasp, for few men in Wyoming stand higher in the estimation of all classes of the people. PATRICK J. HALL. One of the most prosperous cattlemen of Laramie county, Wyoming, is Patrick J. Hall, whose address is Glendo, in that county. He was born on March 18, 1849, the son of Thomas and Ann (Murray) Hall, natives of County Gal- way, Ireland. His father followed the occupa- tion of farming in his native country up to the time of his decease, and Patrick grew to man's estate in County Galway, where he was born, and received his early education. After he had finished his training in the public schools he remained with his parents, assisting his father in the work and management of the farm, until he had attained to the age of eighteen years, when he began life for himself on farms in the neighborhood for a short time. In 1869 he re- solved to free himself from the hard business 490 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. and unjust political conditions that prevailed in his native country, and with a number of other young men of similar aspirations "and plans bade farewell to the home and scenes of his childhood and early manhood and took ship for the New World. He remained about eight months in the city of New York and then came to Omaha, Neb. Stopping here only a short time, he came on to Cheyenne, in the then territory of Wyoming, where he arrived in 1872. Not finding business conditions there as favorable as he had antici- pated he went on to Denver, in a short time re- turning to Cheyenne, where he became the stew- ard of the Dyer House, at that time one of the leading hotels of Cheyenne. He remained in this position until 1875, when he resigned to en- gage in the business of raising cattle, and com- ing to the North Crow Creek country, about twenty-one miles west of Cheyenne, he located a ranch and entered upon his chosen pursuit with considerable success, continuing there in the same business until 1879, when he disposed of his ranch to good advantage and removed his residence and stock to Horseshoe Creek, where he took up the ranch where he now resides and which has been his home continuously since that time. Here he continued in the cattle business and he has been very successful, increasing his business from year to year and improving his ranch until he is now the owner of one of the finest and best-equipped cattle ranches in that section of the state, having over 420 acres of land, with large and suitable buildings for the convenient and successful carrying on of an extensive stock business. He has 220 acres un- der irrigation and grows large quantities of hay, chiefly alfalfa. When he came to the Horseshoe Creek country and began business it was prac- tically in a state of nature, there being but two other white settlers in the vicinity. Game of all kinds was abundant and it was neccessary to bring all supplies from Cheyenne, a distance of 140 miles. He has seen this section of Wyoming pass through all of its stages of de- velopment, from the wild and savage condition in which it then lay up to its present settled and civilized state, and he has been engaged exclu- sively in cattleraising. On October 26, 1878, at the city of Cheyenne, Wyo., Mr. Hall was united in marriage with Miss Sophia Heck, a native of Wyoming and a daughter of Charles and Wilhelma Heck, natives of Germany. Her parents were highly respected citizens of Chey- enne, being early pioneers of Wyoming. To this union have been born two children, Wil- liam and Sophia A., both of whom are residing at home with their parents in Laramie county. The family home is one of the most hospitable in that portion of the state. The family are members of the Roman Catholic church and take a deep interest in all works of charity and religion. Politically, Mr. Hall is a staunch mem- ber of the Republican party and a loyal and able advocate of the principles of that political or- ganization, although never seeking or desiring any public position. ROBERT HALL. A respected stockman and a representative member of the Grand Army of the Republic, Robert Hall, whose address is Centennial. Wyoming, is a native of Fulton county, N. Y., and he was born on July 17, 1842, a son of Thomas and Margaret (McCuen) Hall, natives of Ireland. The father emigrated from his na- tive country at the age of eighteen years and first settled near Montreal, Canada. Here he remained for a short time and removed to Troy, N. Y. Purchasing a farm in Fulton county he engaged in the occupation of farming for fifteen vears, then sold his farm and removed to Sara- toga county, where he was engaged in the same calling for a number of years. Subsequently he made his home in Otsego county in the same state, where he remained up to'the time of his decease at the age of eighty-two years. He was the son of William and Mary Hall, natives of Ireland. The mother of the subject of this sketch also passed away in New York at the age of seventy-five years. She was a noble woman of marked traits of character and was the mother of nine children. Robert Hall grew to manhood in his native state of New York and PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 491 received' his early education in the public schools. When he had completed his education he learned the trade of ■blacksmithing and en- gaged in that business in Troy for about five years, removed to Otsego, continuing there in occupation for about three years. At the break- ing out of the great Civil War he responded to the call of his country and enlisted in Co. I, Twenty-first New York Cavalry, and served in the Union army for three years. After being mustered out of the service he remained for a short time in New York and removed his resi- dence to Minnesota, where he continued to re- side until 1 88 1. He then came to the then terri- tory of Wyoming, locating at Laramie and en- gaging in the blacksmith business for a period of twelve years. He then located on the Little Laramie River and engaged in ranching and stockraising, in which industries he has con- tinued to the present time (1902). In 1867 Mr. Hall was united in marriage with Miss Rosanna Hunt, a native of the city of Troy, N. Y., she being a daughter of Enoch and Mary (Clapp) Hunt, also natives of that state. Her father was born in 1803 and followed the occu- pation of blacksmithing in his native state up to the time of his decease. He was the son of William Hunt, a native of New Jersey, who was a master mechanic during his active lifetime. The mother of Mrs. Hall was born in 1809 and died in 1865. Mr. and Mrs. Hall have had four children, Rosa, Edwin, John F. and Enoch. The last two named are deceased. Politically, Mr. Hall is identified with ' the Populist party and is an earnest advocate of the principles of that political organization, also being a highly re- spected citizen of the community where he maintains his home. WILLIAM H. HARVEY. Among the men who in industrial activities and commercial operations have attained dis- tinctive success and prestige in Uinta county and are recognized as representative citizens of the state, William H. Harvey, the popular mer- chant of Mountain View, where he maintains his pleasant home, is entitled to a high regard ; and although there may 'be no thrilling or ex- citing chapters in his life story, his career has been singularly true to high ethical standards and prolific of individual and objective good. He was born at Muscatine, Iowa, on March 29, 1863, a son of William and Agnes (McCulloch) Harvey, of whom due mention has been made elsewhere in this volume in connection with the sketch of an older 'brother, Robert B. Harvey. William H. Harvey had excellent school advan- tages in Iowa until he was seventeen years old, thus laying a solid foundation for the broader education that he has acquired in later years by commingling with men of action and affairs. In 1880 he came direct from Iowa to the Fort Bridger section of Wyoming, where he passed the winter, in the spring going to the Big Horn country with the Carter Cattle Co.'s outfit, and in the employ of that company was a range rider for two years, and afterwards for a year served it in the same way in Montana, becoming an ex- pert in all branches of the stock business. Re- turning to Fort Bridger he became a stockraiser and has continued in that business to the pres- ent, running both cattle and horses with pro- nounced success. When the reservation was opened for occupation and settlement Mr. Har- vey located 160 acres' of land immediately east of Mountain View, making that his home and center of operations, and his real-estate now consists of 200 acres of agricultural and bench land and a number of rapidly appreciating busi- ness and residence lots in Mountain View, where he first erected the present hotel as a residence for himself, and where in 1899 he established the first general store of the place. This he is still conducting, with a steadilv increasing trade and an expanding stock of goods. Mr. Harvey is well known in the county and throughout a wider area, and such has been his course in life that he has ever enjoyed the esteem of the best elements of the community, both he and his wife, a lady of high cultivation, occupying lead- ing places in the best society circles of the state. Though never aspiring to the honors or emolu- ments of public office, he is a strong and valued 492 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. factor in the counsels of the Republican politi- cal party. His interest in the welfare of the community and its progress has, however, in- duced him to accept a purely nonpartisan office, that of school trustee, which he has capably filled for a number of years. On May I, 1900, he was married at Villisca, Iowa, with Miss Ida B. .Gourley, whose parents were John and Caro- line (Baker) Gourley, natives respectively of Pennsylvania and Iowa. In the last named state Mrs. Gourley 's maternal grandfather was the first judge of Adams county and her family has been important in the history of Iowa from early pioneer days. Mr. and Mrs. Harvey have had four children, three of whom are living. Rex E., Lisle D. and Zelda, while another daughter, Ethel, died at the age of five months. The home is the center of a most genial hos- pitality and the aid of the family is freely given to all good causes. JOSEPH J. HAUPHOFF. The biographer writing for the future, as well as for the present generation, would be un- mindful of his duty if he failed to commend to the young the example of such a career as the life of the worthy subject of this review affords. Commencing with little capital beyond well de- vised plans to succeed, and paving the way to honorable position and well established pros- perity with the solid groundwork of honest in- dustry, genuine personal worth and upright con- duct, he has achieved success in the face of every obstacle and made a name, which when transmitted to posterity, will shine with the ra- diance emanating from a life of integrity and duty faithfully and uncomplainingly performed. Joseph J. Hauphoff is one of the sons of the German Fatherland and in a marked degree in- herits the sterling characteristics which for cen- turies have made his nationality noted among the people of the world. His father, Herr Nicho- las Hauphoff, was a merchant in the city of Virl and never left the land of his nativity, passing the greater part of his life at the above place, be died there in 1883. The maiden name of the mother was Elizabeth Baker. She was also born, reared and was married in Germany and in 1837 she entered into her eternal rest at Virl, where her body now lies beside the remains of her husband. Joseph J. Hauphoff was born on February 13, 1831, and until his eighteenth year remained at home attending the government schools and assisting his father as a clerk. In 1849 he followed the example of many of his countrymen by leaving the Fatherland and com- ing to the United States, where he was led to believe that prosperity, if not a fortune, awaited the young man of laudable ambition and prop- erly directed energy. During the three years following his arrival in the New World, young Hauphoff was a clerk in a mercantile house in Baltimore, but at the end of that time, in 1852, he joined the U. S. navy as one of the crew of the Powhatan, which was attached to the squad- ron under Commodore Perry when that bold and intrepid commander compelled the Japanese government to open the port of Yeddo. Mr. Hauphoff recalls many incidents of that noted expedition, being an eye-witness of the thrilling scenes preceding the opening of the ports of the hermit nation to the commerce of the world. Upon his return from his trip, which covered a period of three years, he quit the sea and for some time thereafter lived at Norfolk, Ya., going thence to Baltimore, where he was en- gaged in the restaurant business until 1859, then he sold his establishment and during the en- suing two years taught school at Louisville, Ky. He was in that city when the great War of Secession broke out and immediately left the schoolroom and assisted in organizing three companies of home guards, which be afterwards drilled and fitted for effective service in the field. Subsequently he was made captain of Co. C, Sixth Kentucky Infantry, and as such served in General Rousseau's division until May, 1862, when, on account of impaired health, he - was obliged to resign his commission and retire from military life. Returning to Louis- ville after leaving the army Mr. Hauphoff opened an auction store, which he conducted until 1868, when he closed out the business and PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 493 made his' way to the West. Reaching Chey- enne, Wyo., at that time a young and rapidly growing frontier town, he engaged in the shoe business with encouraging financial results and continued the same until 1874, at which time he opened a hotel at Fort Laramie. Mr. Ffaup- hoff acted in the capacity of "mine host" about four years, disposing of his house in 1878 and removing to the ranch on the Platte River, where during the three following years he was engaged in cattleraising. In 1881 he started a lumberyard on the present site of Guernsey, at that time the center of a populous district, and commanded a fairly successful trade until the following year, when he disposed of the business and opened a house for the accomoda- tion of the trading public at the town of Sun- rise. In connection with his hotel he also ran a grocery store, devoting considerable time to mining, having succeeded in locating several very valuable mineral properties. Selling his claims in 1888 and disposing of his business in- terests at Sunrise, Mr. Hauphoff took up his residence in Badger, Wyo., where he erected a good hotel, which, in connection with the mer- cantile business, he still owns. While much of his business interests is at the above place and his family resides there, Mr. Hauphoff makes business headquarters at Hartville, near which he has large and valuable mining claims, includ- ing 160 acres of land thickly underlaid with a fine quality of onyx, which, when properly de- veloped, will doubtless prove the source of a fortune of large magnitude. In addition to the varied interests referred to he owns a fine ranch, on which may be seen some of the best breeds of cattle and high-grade horses to be found in this part of Wyoming. All of his busi- ness enterprises have been fruitful of liberal financial results and his large fortune is a credit to the ability, good judgment and acumen dis- played in whatever he has undertaken. Mr. Hauphoff was married in Louisville, Ky., to Miss Mary Hartman, a native of that state and the daughter of Joseph and Mary (Smith) Hart- man. Twelve children have resulted from this union, the eldest of whom died in infancy, un- named ; the others being Rosia, deceased ; Jose- phine ; John, deceased ; Lulu, Minnie M., Albert, Daniel, Charles, William, Earl and Nicholas. In the range of political life Mr. Haup- hoff is pronounced in his allegiance to the Dem- ocratic party, believing its principles to be for the best interests of the people. He reads much and his mind is stowed with a fund of valuable information rarely to be met with outside of scholastic or professional lives. Well versed on political questions, particularly those relating to state and national legislation, his opinions carry weight and in a "large measure he has be- come a leader in shaping and directing the pol- icies of his party in Laramie county. By no means an aspirant for public office, he has been honored at different times with positions of trust, having served for some years as a U. S. commissioner, also as a justice of the peace, while from the day Hartville was incorporated he has been mayor of that thriving town. With the people he is universally popular, old sol- diers and sailors holding him in especial es- teem and regard. He was reared a Roman Catholic and has always remained loyal to the teaching of the mother church, his wife and chil- dren also being' devout members of the same communion. In his social relations Mr. Haup- hoff is a model of kindness and generosity. His home, a most pleasant and happy one, is always open to his friends and the stranger never fails to share his full-handed hospitality. He believes in looking upon the sunny side of life and, be- ing kind and courteous in demeanor, naturally wins warm friendships. WILLIAM HINTON. This gentleman one of the old, oldtimers of Evanston, Wyoming, was born May 1, 183 1, in Scott county, Ky., the son of De Alfred and Betsey (Sutton) Hinton. DeAlfred Hinton, who was also a native of Scott county, Ky., was also a man of affairs, being a financier and capitalist as well as interested in mercantile business. He died in 1866, aged sixty-five, and is buried at Newport, Ky. His wife, the mother of William 494 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. Hinton, was born in Virginia of English parents. She was married in Kentucky where she lived until 1834, when she died and now lies buried at Christiansburg, Shelby county, also in that state. Both she and her husband were members of the Baptist church. William Hinton acquired his education in the public schools and in the old Augusta Methodist College in Kentucky, where he took a three year's course. His father wished him to become a physician and with this end in view he entered the office of Doctor Muzzey, a prominent physician of the time, but after a year of diligent study in this connection the gold fever, which was then raging strongly, caught him and he started for San Francisco by the Panama route. This was in 1850 and in the fall he went from San Francisco up into the mining countries, first to Feather River and later to the Yuba. He also established a trading-post in Sandy Gulch between the forks of the Mokel- umne River. In 1856 he went to Hannibal, Mo., and engaged in coalmining, in which he continued until I Selling; out he went to Miongona, Iowa, where he was also interested in developing coal mines, but having only a small vein of coal he again sold out and went to Chicago. Here he conducted an auction store until 1868 when he came to Carbon, Wyo., and was given the charge of all the mines of the Wyoming Coal and Mining Co. ' This position he held for two years and then started in coal mining for himself at Almy, Wyo., continuing his endeavors for about three years. His first year was successful but he soon found that the railroads were hard competitors and held the upper hand of him by their charg'es for trans- portation, and be was thus forced out of the busi- ness. Since then he has been engaged in specu- lating and lending money, making his home in Evanston, but he is now practically retired from active business, maintaining an office chiefly for his convenience and comfort. Mr. Hinton was married in 1858 to Margaret L. Marsb, a native of Ohio. Tins union resulted in one child, James P., of Hannibal, Mo., now engaged in the wholesale ice and coal business in that city and also in office as the cashier of the Hannibal Bank. Mr. William Hinton is the very oldest or almost the oldest one of our settlers, for there was but one log cabin and one tent in the town when he first came to and located at Almy. His life has been one of great usefulness, while with the prosperity which he has earned have come honors increasing with his increasing years. THOMAS D. HOLT. As a fine type of the self-made man and an illustration of what hard work, attention to business and unswerving fidelity to every busi- ness obligation will accomplish, no better ex- ample can be found than Thomas D. Holt, the subject of this review. Losing his parents in early childhood, and being thrown entirely upon his own resources, without friends or relatives to aid him as he began the hard struggle with the world, he has fought his way successfully through every hardship, conquered every ob- stacle that confronted him and is now (1902) in a fair way to become one of the leading stock- men of Wyoming. Born in Freo county. Tex., on March 5, 1857, he is the son of Robert and Pheta A. Holt, long-time residents of the state of Texas, where his father followed blacksmith- ing, being engaged in that business in Freo City up to the time of his death, which occurred in 1864. The mother died in the same town only one year later, and both were there buried. When he was nine years of age Thomas D. Holt left his home in Freo City and lived for a time in the western part of Texas, earning his living in various ways, then removed to Dodge City, Kan., where he found employment as a farm hand and remained engaged in that voca- tion until he was nineteen years old. He had little opportunity of attending school, but im- proved his spare time and thus acquired a fair education through his own efforts. In July, 1876, he left Kansas for Wyoming. Arriving first in the city of Cheyenne, then the Mecca for so many adventurous seekers of fortune, he re- mained there a few days and then went out into South Dakota, where he secured employment with a freighting outfit then doing business be- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 495 tween Sidney, Neb., and the country around the Black Hills of Dakota. He continued in this business until 1880, when he returned to Chey- enne, subsequently going to the Middle Crow country of Wyoming, where he entered the em- ploy of A. B. Blue as a range rider. He con- tinued in this employment for three years and seven months, and then resigned to accept a better offer from McGee & Haygood, who then had large stock interests in the vicinity of South Crow Creek. He remained with this firm for nine years, practically having charge of their cattle interests during the greater portion of that time. In 1890 he resigned this position for the purpose of engaging in business for himself and purchased his present ranch. He began with little capital, purchasing the place mostly on credit, but by hard work, perseverance and strict attention to all the details of his business, he has been enabled to overcome the difficulties attendant upon the hard times of the early nineties and to place himself upon a sound finan- cial basis. In this he has been generously as- sisted by the friendship of Mr. Daniel Arnold, from whom he purchased the place. He has now a fine ranch property, consisting of 3,560 acres of land, well fenced and improved, with suitable barns and buildings, and with about 300 acres of the best hay land in that section of the- country. Having passed successfully through the great period of depression in business he is now in prosperous and satisfactory circum- stances and on the way to the full achievement of his youthful ambition, being destined to be- come one of the leading stockmen of the state, as he is now one of its most respected and hon- ored citizens. On December 31, 1882, Mr. Holt was united in marriage at Cheyenne, Wyo., with Miss Mary A. Lannen, a native of Illinois and a daughter of David and Mary (Hunt) Lannen, natives of Ireland. Her parents were among the earliest pioneers of the West. Emigrating early from Ireland, they first settled in La Salle county, 111., where they engaged in farming. In the fall of 1859 they removed from that state to the then territory of Kansas and settled near the present site of Topeka, here engaged in farming and resided until 1871, when they start- ed overland to Wyoming, where they arrived in 1872, being among the first settlers and pio- neers of that section. Here the father engaged in cattleraising with great success up to the time of his decease, which occurred in 1891. He left a large estate, consisting of over 12,000 acres of land and large herds of cattle and horses, being one of the leading stockmen of Wyoming. The mother died on January 19, 1899, and lies buried by the side of her husband in the city of Cheyenne. Six children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Holt, viz : Guy E., Maud, W. David, Hilga H., Eugene and Cora W., and their home life is conspicuous for the many evi- dences of consideration and affectionate regard shown by all the members of the family in their friendly relations. The marriage union of this worthy couple has been an exceptionally happy one, and Mrs. Holt has been in the best sense a companion and helpmeet to her husband, be- ing consulted by him in his business transactions and much of his success being attributable to her wise counsel and conservative judgment. Mr. Holt is affiliated with the order of Wood- men of the World as a member of the lodge at Cheyenne and takes an active interest in the social and fraternal life of the community. JOSEPH S. HOSACK. Among the many successful stockgrowers of Wyoming, is Joseph S. Hosack, whose ranch is located four and one-half miles south of Granite, in that state. A native of Pennsylvania, he was born on May 17, 1850, in Armstrong county, the son of John M. and Mary A. (Woods) Ho- sack, also natives of that state. His father was a millwright, who removed from Armstrong county to Clarion county, where he still lives re- tired from active business. The mother died in 1893, and was buried in Clarion county. Joseph S. Hosack grew to manhood and received his early education in the schools of his native coun- ty, and there he remained residing with his pa- rents, until he was seventeen years old, when he accompanied them to Clarion county. Here he 496 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. continued and completed his education, and he accepted an apprenticeship under his father to the trade of millwright, which occupation he followed until he had attained to the age of twenty-two years, when he purchased a sawmill, and engaged in the manufacture of lumber. In this business he met with considerable success, but at the end of two years, having an opportunity to sell out at a handsome profit oxx his investment, he disposed of the property and immediately pur- chased a farm in Armstrong county, Pa. Here he pursued farming and the growing of stock until 1882, when he disposed of his farm and removed to the then territory of Wyoming. Af- ter his arrival at Cheyenne he traveled over var- ious sections of the territory, looking for a suit- able location for the live stock business. Subse- quently, desiring to acquire a practical knowledge of the business before starting in it independ- ently, he secured a good position on the ranch of Hay & Thomas located on Lone Tree Creek, and remained with them for about fourteen months. The firm then disposing of their ranch and stock interests to the Warren Live Stock Co., Mr. Hosack accepted from the latter com- pany the responsible position of foreman of their horse department. Here he remained for nearly four years. In 1886 he resigned this position and entered the employ of G. B. Goodell, being appointed as foreman of his large trotting-horse establishment, that was located on Lone Tree Creek, about nine miles west of Cheyenne. Here he remained until January, 1889, when resigning his position to go into business for himself, soon after purchasing his present ranch property on Duck Creek, about twenty-five miles southwest of Cheyenne, where he engaged in highly suc- cessful cattleraising, and has continued in it up to the present time (1902), being now the owner of over 1,850 acres of fine land, patented, while he controls several thousand acres of leased state land. He is steadily enlarging his operations, and has one of the finest hay and stock ranches in that section of the state. He puts up each' year large quantities of the finest hay, most of which is consumed on the place by his own stock. On Christmas day, T872, Mr. J. S. Hosack was united in marriage in Armstrong count}-. Pa., with Miss Carrie J. Baughman, a native of that state, daughter of David and Barbara (Nulph) Baughman, also natives of that state. Her father was a prosperous farmer of Armstrong county, where he resided until his death, which occurred in 1895. Her mother is now making her home with her children that are living in Armstrong county. To Mr. and Mrs. Hosack six children have been born. Minnie M., Clara, William, Eva, David and Bruce, and all are living. Mr. Hosack is a member of the Repub- lican party, who for many years has taken an active and prominent part in public affairs. He served one term as constable of his township with credit to himself, and has been often soli- cited to accept other positions of trust and honor, but has steadily declined to do so, preferring to devote his time and energy to his private busi- ness affairs. By industry and strict attention to his business, Mr. Hosack has built up a fine property from small beginnings, and his admir- able traits of character have won for him the re- spect aUd esteem of all with whom he has been associated. MARRIOT G. HOWE. One of the leading ranch and stockmen of Converse county, who has done much to develop the resources of that section of Wyoming. Hon. Marriot G. Howe, whose address is Orin, Wyo., was born on June 19, 1858, at Sharon. Windsor county, Yt., the son of Marriot G. and Dollie (Tinkham) Howe, the former a native of Massa- chusetts and the latter of the Green Mountain state. His father followed the occupation, of farming in Vermont and there remained en- gaged in that pursuit up to the time of his de- cease, which occurred in T883. The mother died in 1889, and both were laid to rest at Sharon, near the scenes of their long and useful lives. The immediate subject of this review grew to manhood in his native state and received his early education in the public schools of Sharon, until 1876, when he left his old home and went to New Hampshire, where he secured employment PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 497 in the White Mountains for about one year, in the spring of 1877 he went to Illinois, and located near the city of Aurora and there found work on a farm in its vicinity for about one year, thence removing to Nebraska, where at the town of Beatrice he engaged in the sheep busi- ness for about one year and then returned to Aurora and again took up the occupation of farming. In the spring of 1881 he resolved to seek his fortune in the far West and removed his residence to the then territory of Wyoming, where he soon found employment on a ranch near the city of Laramie for one year, when he was placed in charge of the management of the ranch of the Mechanic Live Stock Association, situated near Laramie Peak, Wyo. He man- aged this property successfully until 1885, when he resigned his position that he might engage in business for himself. Taking up a ranch at the head of Horseshoe Creek, near Laramie Peak, he entered upon the business of sheep- raising and wool growing, in which he continued with marked success until 1888. He then dis- posed of his ranch to good advantage and re- moved his sheep to Crawford, Neb. Here he continued the same business for about fifteen months and returned with his stock to Converse county, Wyo., carrying on the business with large profit until 1892, he then sold all his hold- ings and in the fall of 1894 came to Orin Junc- tion, where he purchased the buildings and prop- erty which he now occupies, and engaged in the hotel and livery business, in which he is still largely interested. In all of his enterprises he has been conspicuously successful and is count- ed as one of the solid business men and sub- stantial property owners of that section of the state. In 1900 he again entered largely into the sheep and woolgrowing industry on his ranches on Walker Creek. On September 5, 1885, Mr. Howe was united in marriage at Bethel, Vt, with Miss Mabel B.' Spalding, whose parents were well-known and highly respected citizens of Vermont, where she was born. Of their union was born one child, Mollie E., who re- sides with her father, the mother having died on July 4, 1888, being buried at Crawford, Neb. On September 2, 1890, at Douglas, Wyo., Mr. Howe was again married to his present wife, who was then Mrs. Emma J. Churchill, a na- tive of Connecticut. Two children by her for- mer marriage, Amy R. and Harry D., were adopted by Mr. Howe and make their home with him. Mrs. Howe is a most estimable woman, being a member of the Congregational church, active and foremost in all works of re- ligion and charity in the community. Their home is extensively known for the gracious and generous hospitality which they take pleasure in dispensing to their large circle of friends and acquaintances, and the family enjoys the high esteem and affectionate regards of all who know them. Mr. Howe is affiliated with the Masonic order as a member of the Blue Lodge at Doug- las, Wyo., and also with the Woodmen of the World, and he takes an earnest interest in the fraternal life of the neighborhood where he maintains his home. He is a staunch member of the Republican party, one of the most trusted of the supporters of that political organization in both Converse county and the state. Always prominent in the party, he has been often solic- ited to become a candidate for positions of trust and honor in the public service, but has stead- fastly declined to do so, except on one occa- sion, when in 1896 he consented to become a candidate, for the State Legislative Assembly and was elected by a handsome majority, serving in that capacity for one term with distinguished ability and with fidelity to the interests of his constituents. Many measures of legislation now on the statute books of Wyoming owe their origin to his wisdom and the patriotic manner in which he discharged his public duty. At the expiration of his term of office he declined to become a candidate for reelection, his exten- sive private business interests requiring all his time and attention. J. G. HUNTER. A leading and an erudite practitioner of the law, a successful farmer of Sheridan county, one of the board who laid out the town of Sheridan and presided over its birth and infancy and one who is identified with every enterprise for the 49 8 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMIXG. advancement and improvement of his town, county and state, J. G. Hunter is a potential factor in the professional, commercial, social and political life of Wyoming, and has to his credit a record of good service in behalf of all these that any citizen might be pleased to have. He is a Wyoming pioneer of 1880 when he brought to its needs and the duties that awaited him here a wide and valuable experience gathered on other fields of action. His life began in 1846, near Philadelphia, Pa., where his parents, Wil- liam and Lucy L. (Orrey) Hunter, resided for many years, the former being a native of Ireland and the latter of England. When they came to the United States they took up their residence sixteen miles south of Philadelphia, and here and in the city of Philadelphia their son passed his childhood, and attended school until he was ten years of age. In 1862 he went to Canada to live and the family thither followed him one year later, and in that country his father died in 1874 and his mother in 1886. After leaving school J. G. Hunter engaged first in farming and later in railroad work until 1869, wdien he mar- ried with Miss Charlotte E. McAllister, a native of Canada, and soon thereafter they removed to Montgomery county, Kan., where he took up a homestead and occupied, improved and culti- vated it until 1875. He then went to Colorado and conducted a freighting business until 1880, when he came to Wyoming and "stuck his stake" adjacent to what is now the town of Sher- idan and there farmed until 1888. At that time be took up the study of law and pursued it with such application and constancy that he was ad- mitted to practice in the subordinate courts in 1890. and since then he has been actively en- gaged in professional work, being in 1897 ad- mitted to practice before the- Supreme Court of the state. To his professional duties Mr. Hunter has given the same care in preparation, the same vigor and intellectual force in management, and the same judicious application of scientific prin- ciples that distinguished his other labors and with the same gratifying results. It has been noted that Mr. Hunter was one of the board who laid out the town of Sheridan. The interest in the wel- fare of the municipality he thus exhibited has never w r aned. He owns and retains his original tract of land adjacent to the town site, having increased it to 210 acres, but his land is not nearer to the city than its best interests are to his heart. He served its people for two terms as justice of the peace and has given freely of his time and energies to the needs of the progressive city in a public way on all occasions. He also owns valuable property within the city limits. There have been two children born to Mr. Hun- ter and his wife, Franklin C, a highly re- spected resident of Sheridan; and Effie M., who resides near Boston, Mass., and is the principal of an important public school of a high grade. Mr. Hunter procurred a divorce from his wife in 1874, and has since remained unmarried. He is a member of the Old Settlers' Club and takes an active part in its proceedings, contributing to the interests of its meetings and aiding in col- lecting and preserving its valuable records of a past that is fast fading away to come no more. WILLIAM McREYXOLDS. One of the representative business men of Converse county, Wyoming, is William McRey- nolds of Manville, the president of the Man- ville Mercantile Co. He was born on August 26, 1869, in McLean county. 111., the son of Perry and Susan .(Eaton) McReynolds, both na- tives of Indiana. The family is of ancient Scotch individuality, his paternal great-grandfather be- ing a native of bonnie Scotland, who removed to Kentucky when a young man and was truly one of the earliest pioneers of that state, where he followed stockraising. His son, Leonard Mc- Reynolds, the grandfather of the subject of this sketch, removed in early life to Indiana, where he married, subsequently removing with his fam- ily to Illinois. His son, the father of Mr. Mc- Reynolds, still makes his home in that state, be- ing the owner of a fine farm near Stanford. He has practically retired from business and is passing the later days of his life in the ease and comfort earned by his many years of activity. He is one of the leading citizens of his section PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 499 of Illinois and has been the mayor of the town of Stanford. . Mr. McReynold's mother is also living at the family homestead near Stanford. Of the family of six children born to his worthy parents, Mr. McReynolds is the third child. He received his preliminary education in the public schools in the vicinity of his boyhood's home in Illinois, and subsequently attended the Pres- byterian University at Lincoln in that state. Upon leaving that institution he engaged in farming and remained with his father until 1888, when he came to the state of Nebraska, where he remained for about five years, engaged in farming and stockraising with considerable suc- cess, in the spring of 1893 coming to Wyoming, and to Manville, where he has since resided. Here he embarked in the raising of stock, which he followed with great success up to the spring of 1901, when he disposed of his extensive hold- ings and made a visit to his old home. Upon his return to Wyoming he organized the Man- ville Mercantile Co., of which he became the president, and erected a fine store building at Manville for the accommodation of the large stock and business of this house. The build- ing is large and modern and the company car- ries an extensive and well-selected stock of gen- eral merchandise, and conducts a profitable and constantly increasing trade and Manville post- office is located at their store. On August 18, 1881, Mr. McReynolds was united in marriage with Miss Martha Simpson, a native of Tazewell county, 111., and a daughter of Henry Simpson, one of the representative men of that county. To their union have been born five children, Abbie, now the wife of C. W. Roush of the busi- ness college at Brokenbow, Neb. ; Delia, Alice, Perry, and Mertin, deceased. , They all are prom- inent in the social life of the community where they reside and Mr. McReynolds has recently completed a large and fine modern residence at Manville, which is the center of a generous and genial hospitality. Fraternally, he is affiliated with the order of Modern Woodmen of Amer- ica and also with the Woodmen of the World. Politically, he has served the people of his county and district as a member of the board of 31 county commissioners and also as a school trus- tee, and takes an active and prominent part in all public affairs. He is one of the leading fac- tors in the business and public life of his sec- tion of the state and one of the progressive, suc- cessful and rising men of Wyoming. MERRIS C. BARROW. Newspapers are most powerful factors in the development of any community and upon their early establishment the rapid growth of any in- cipient city largely depends, and where the one who stands as the directing head is a man of wis- dom and sagacity, its power is multiplied and the journal reaches into a larger area as a force- ful power in the advancement of the weal of the state. Among the unique, original and very ably edited newspapers of Wyoming, Bill Barlow's Budget takes no second place, and in this volume devoted to the review of the Progressive Men of Wyoming, its editor and proprietor has a well- defined place. Mr. Barrow was born at Canton, Bradford county, Pa., on October 4, i860, the son of Rev. Robert C. and Helen (Harding) Barrow, the father being a native of New York. The father was early educated for a ministerial life, as a young man going to Pennsylvania, and there entering the ministry of the Christian church and also forming his matrimonial relation. In 1861 he went to Missouri and two years later to Nebraska for a two year's residence in that state at Nemaha, concluding his migrations by a residence in Johnson county until his death in 1896. Merris C. Barrow was the eldest of the four children of his parents and his school edu- cation was acquired in Nebraska, he thereafter learning the printer's trade at Tecumseh in that state, in 1876 leasing the Tecumseh Chieftain. Two years later, receiving the appointment of U. S. postal clerk, he removed to Omaha, .run- ning from there until 1878, being then transfer- red to Wyoming with headquarters at Laramie, continuing in the postoffice service until 1879, when he became the city editor of the Laramie Daily Times, and was filling this position when "Bill" Nye started the Laramie Boomerang on 5oo PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. March 17, 1880. Mr. Barrow became the city editor of this new candidate for popular support and when, early in 1882 Mr. Nye severed his connection with the sheet, Mr- Barrow became the managing editor, continuing to hold this situ- ation until 1884. In September, 1884, he went to Rawlins, Wyo., to take the editorial and busi- ness management of the Wyoming Tribune, and early in 1886, he came to Douglas and established his present weekly journal, the unique Bill Bar- low's Budget, the initial number appearing June 9th, three months before the railroad was com- pleted to the town. The paper was a "hit", its success was assured from its first issue and it has attained prosperity and much more than a local reputation. It may be proper to remark incidentally at this point, that Mrs. Barrow is a thoroughly practical newspaper worker, who dur- ing Mr. Barrow's absences of official duty or otherwise takes full charge of the newspaper, showing talent and ability and being justly en- titled to a large share of the credit for the suc- cess of their periodical. A stalwart Republican, when the U. S. land-office was established at Douglas in 1890, Mr. Barrow was appointed its first receiver by President Harrison, and was in charge of the public moneys until removed in 1894 by President Cleveland, thereafter, on June 12, 1897, being reappointed to the same of- fice by President McKinley and later, in 1901, ap- pointed as his own successor by President Roose- velt for the term he is now serving. In the ses- sions of the State Legislature of 1894 and 1896, he was the chief clerk of the house, but since that time he has not been eligible for the office as he was in U. S. service. He has also been the mayor of Douglas for two successive terms and was the worshipful master of the local Masonic lodge in 1899, 1900 and 1 901, being a Knight Templar, and a noble of the Mystic Shrine in that frater- nity. On March 17, 1877, Mr. Barrow and Miss Minnie F. Combs, a native of Macomb, 111., were wedded and they have had three children, Lizzie M., now Mrs. H. B. Fay, who maintains her home at C. P. Diaz, Mexico ; Merris C. Jr., who died on November 10, 1884; Helen M., now Mrs. Fred N. Brees, of Douglas. FRANK H. JAMES. The popular and efficient sheriff of Uinta county, Wyoming, whose name heads this arti- cle, is a native of Wisconsin, having been born about eight miles from Waldwick in that state in 1 86 1. His parents were Richard and Emily (Rowe) James, natives of England, whence the father, Richard James, came when young with his parents to America. They settled first in Pennsylvania, later moved to Wisconsin and followed farming, but in 1849 Richard took an ox team and crossed the plains to the goldfields of California, where he was successful and later returned to his farm life in Wisconsin, and at present he is living near Mineral Point in that state, being among the early settlers of that state, where he is now a prominent school officer and an active Republican in politics and also an ever-ready helper of the poor and needy, as he has ever been. His wife, who was also brought from England by her parents in early life and was married in Wisconsin, still lives with her hus- band in the state of their mutual adoption. Frank H. James learned his trade of harness- making at Mineral Point, Wis., where also he first engaged in business on his own account, but selling out in 1886 he went to Omaha and worked a few months for Marks Bros., whence he came to Evanston, Wyo., arriving here on May 30, 1887. Here he was employed at A. C. Beckwith's training stables as harnessmaker and remained at this employment until March 1, 1888, when he again went into the harness busi- ness for himself, at the urgent request of Cash- man & Co. of Evanston, however, he soon quit this and assumed charge of their large harness and saddlery department, continuing here in this employment for nine and one-half years, mak- ing a record of which to be proud. From Evan- ston he went to Kemmerer. Wyo., and estab- lished a harness and saddlery business for him- self, which he continued until the fall of 1900, when he was elected sheriff of Uinta county on the Republican ticket. He has since held this office to the complete satisfaction of his fellow citizens and the increase of his own renown. PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 501 serving also in 1900 on the board of county com- missioners, filling the vacancy left by George Gill. Socially, Mr. James is affiliated with the Freemasons and with the Maccabees. He is a man of sterling worth, well-known and highly esteemed, being a man of good cheer, a loyal citizen and a true friend, always frank and open, he is also careful and prudent and a safe busi- ness man and conservative adviser in financial matters. He was married in 1885 with Miss Mary Uren, a native of Wisconsin, who has borne him five children, of whom three survive, Henry M., Nellie and Mildred. Two others have passed away, one, Cora, died at the age of two at Mineral Point, Wis., where she had been taken in the hope of benefit. The other, Rich- ard R., a general favorite everywhere he was known, was drowned at the age of eleven and one-half years while crossing the Ham's Fork River in a wagon, being in the company of an- other boy and the driver of the team. The driver escaped, but both boys and the team per- ished. Mrs. James is the daughter of William C. and Ellen (Riley) Uren. The mother died in November last, aged fifty-five years, and is buried at Mineral Point, Wis., which is the home of the father, a native of England. MORTIMER JESURUN, M. D. The potency of lineage and environment are strongly exemplified in the life of this learned physician and pioneer citizen of the city of Douglas, Wyoming, for he traces his ancestry back in an unbroken line to the twelfth century and to a distinguished prime minister of the king of Spain, the family from that time being numbered among the proudest in Spain's proud chivalry. Doctor Jesurun was born on July 18, i860, in Curacao, South America, the son of M. Jesurun, who was born in Venezuela on the north coast of South America, and his cultured wife, Luna (Peixotto) Jesurun. His maternal male ancestors were all noblemen of Spain and Fonseca Peixotto, president of the republic of • Brazil, was a near relative of his mother. In 1864 the father, who had been U. S. consul at the port of Curacao from 1857, made his home in New York City, becoming a shipowner and hav- ing large shipping interests with which he was identified until his death in 1880. The mother is still living. Dr. Jesurun received his early liter- ary education from special tutors at his own home, at eleven years of age going to Germany to continue his studies, which were pursued in the gymnasium and higher educational insti- tutions of the famous old maritime city of Ham- burg, during his summer vacations making many trips over Europe and voyages to various ports connected with the commerce of Ham- burg. In the course of time he voyaged to Bra- zil and from there came to the United States, and in 1878 became a resident of Fetterman, Wyo., and embarked in the stock industry. To this he gave his personal attention and services in the summer seasons, returning to New York for the winters and there devoting himself to the study of medicine under competent tutelage, thereafter matriculating at and receiving in- struction in the medical department of the University of the City of New York, being also graduated from that creditable institution in March 1892, with the degree of M. D. The Doctor was one of the original settlers of the town of Douglas, has aided in its growth and advancement and has been associated with its prosperity as one of its leading and most pro- gressive citizens, showing administrative qual- ities of a high order during his acceptable ser- vice as mayor of the infant city. In his pro- fession Doctor Jesurun has attained high rep- utation and a representative practice of the best character, while during the Spanish-Amer- ican War he won prestige by his professional services as major chief surgeon of the Second U. S. Volunteer Cavalry under Col. J. L. Torrey, and as chief surgeon of the hospital of the Third Division of the Seventh Army Corps under Gen. Fitzhugh Lee. In multitudinous ways is Doctor Jesurun an honor to the state of his adoption. He is aiding in the improve- ment of the stock interests of Wyoming through his connection with the Fetterman Hereford Co., which on its extensive ranches is devoting 502 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. care, skill and capital to the raising of thorough- bred Hereford cattle, while as a member of the last Territorial House of Representatives he ex- hibited truly statesmanlike qualities in his leg- islative action, also in an intellectual and ed- ucational way he is doing good service on the board of trustees of the State University. In the midst of his great activities he has taken time to gather one of the most valuable col- lections of skins of native birds ever collected, taking great interest in the Douglas Gun Club and being its leading spirit. He is a member of the American Ornithologists's Union and of the Linnaean Society of New York City. His political affiliations are with the Republican party, while fraternally he is associated with the Freemasons as a Knight Templar and in his pleasant home, hospitality reigns supreme. JAMES R. JOHNSTON. Unfortunately but few of the earliest pion- eers of the far West, those who blazed the trails for civilization as early as 1849 anc ^ I 8S0, are now among the living. As a class, they were unique in the history of the world. They were Argonauts, explorers, frontiersmen, builders of highways for those who were to come after them. Brave souls they were, filled with the spirit of adventure, afraid of no danger or hard- ship, aflame with enthusiasm and determined to conquer the desert and the wilderness and to make them willing servants of civilization. They were appalled by no danger, discouraged by no defeat, unconquerable under every vicissitude. We who come after them and enjoy without effort the fruits of their sacrifices and of their heroic endeavor, must be blind and ungrateful indeed, if we do not accord to them the full need of commendation and just praise for what they have done for the welfare and the com- fort of the present and all future generations. Prominent among the men of this class, fore- most in every movement fraught with danger and adventure on the frontier, being formerly a res- ident of Little Horse Creek, Wyoming, was the late Hon. James R. Johnston. He was a pioneer of three states, first going overland to California in 1849, thence to Oregon and subse- quently returning to Wyoming, through which he had passed many years before on the old over- land trail on his way to the Pacific coast. He had an extraordinary career and his life was full of experiences rare even in the history of the West. He was a strong character, who always rose superior to his surroundings, no matter how hard or forbidding. When danger men- aced, his courage rose with the occasion ; when difficulties threatened to defeat his purpose, his resolution and strength increased with the ne- cessity and he crushed down all opposition. Born on June 17, 1827, amid the mountains of Allegheny county, Pa., he was early accustomed to the hardships of frontier life and learned in the hard school of experience the wholesome lessons of industry and frugality. He grew to manhood in the rugged surroundings of his early home and received there his education, although the opportunities of schooling were limited. He, however, acquired a fair common- school education. Upon completing his school life, he engaged in farming in Allegheny county until 1849, when reports of the fabulous dis- coveries of gold in California having reached Pennsylvania and created so great excitement among the young men of that locality, that Mr. Johnston and his brother, the late John L. Johnston, resolved to go to that distant land in search of their fortune. They procured an outfit for overland travel and started on the long journey across the continent. With a large company of emigrants they followed the old overland trail which passed through what is now Wyoming, passing by Fort Laramie, thus travelling very near the scenes of his later busi- ness activities. Arriving in California, the brothers opened a store at Weavertown, where they did a prosperous business for one year. They then engaged successfully in the livestock business near Sacramento, where they contin- ued until 1853. They then engaged in the lum- ber and sawmill business some miles east of Sacramento. This enterprise they conducted successfully for seventeen years, supplying a PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 503 large portion of the lumber and mining timbers used in that section of California. In 1870, they sold their mill and lumbering interests to good advantage and engaged in farming and stockgrowing in Butte county, until 1873, when they drove a large band of cattle into Oregon, where they established themselves in Grant county in cattle and horseraising. In 1878 they disposed of a portion of their stock in Oregon and drove a large band of horses over- land to the East, disposing of the greater por- tion of them in the cities of the Middle West making a handsome profit. Returning to the West, they remained in Denver until October, 1880, when they came to Wyoming and took up large tracts of land on Horse and Little Horse Creeks, and engaged in their former business of cattle and horseraising and in gen- eral ranching, being among the early settlers of that section of Wyoming. In 1883 Mr. Johnston purchased the fine ranch property on Little Horse Creek which he largely added to and improved and owned and occupied up to the time of his death, on January 20, 1897. His brother, John L., with whom he had so long been associated in business, died December 16, 1897. United not only by ties of blood, but by many years of toil and struggle side by side in their endeavors to accumulate a fortune on the frontier, the affection which existed between the two men was such that it was the subject of frequent remarks by all who knew them dur- ing their long and busy lives together. As- sociated together in a way so marked by broth- erly love and fidelity during all of their lives, they are not separated in death, both being buried in the cemetery of Cheyenne, Wyoming. Both of these men were admirable types of the hardy pioneers of the West and their memories will long be honored in the localities where they lived. On January 22, 1861, Mr. Johnston was united in marriage at Pine Grove, Calif., with Miss Lizzie Dane, a native of Boston, Mass., and a daughter of John and Elizabeth Dane, also natives of Massachusetts. Her parents emigrated from Massachusetts to California in 1856 where they resided until they died. Mr. and Mrs. Johnston had seven children, one of whom, Mary M., died at the age of one year. Those living are : Phebe J., now Mrs. Kracaw, and residing at Telluride, Colo. ; George D., a prosperous ranchman of Wyoming, who has been traveling for a number of years ; Homer H., now engaged in the mining business at Cripple Creek, Colo. ; J. Lafayette, one of the leading ranch and stockmen of Wyoming; James H., now mining at Cripple Creek, Colo. ; Elizabeth C, now Mrs. Buck, and residing at Telluride, Colo. Five of the children were born in California, while the two youngest are natives of Oregon. Mr. Johnston was a life-long mem- ber of the Democratic party and for many years he took an active part in party affairs. He was early elected to the office of justice of the peace, which in the pioneer days of the West was a position of great importance in its relation to the welfare of the community and the pres- ervation of public order. He served as post- master from 1884 until his death, and in every relation, either of public or private life, he was a capable and conscientious officer, a good business man, successful in his undertakings and a highly respected citizen. J. LAFAYETTE JOHNSTON. J. Lafayette Johnston, of the Little Horse Creek, Wyoming, is one of the leading stock- men of that state. He is a native of the county of Butte and state of California, born on Septem- ber 1, 1871, the son of James R. Johnston, one of the prominent pioneers of California and Wyo- ming, and Mrs. Lizzie (Dane) Johnston. The reader' is referred to the preceding sketch of the eventful history of James R. Johnston. Immigrating with his parents into Wyoming when he was nine years of age, he received his early education from his mother, who was a very superior woman and from the primitive schools of the district where he resided. To his moth- er's excellent teaching, however, he owes most of his valuable training and his early knowl- edge of books." After completing his education he remained at the home ranch, assisting his 5°4 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. father in the management and conduct of their extensive stock interests, since 1896 he has had the full control and supervision of the prop- erty of the family. This comprises four large ranches, including, with lands held under lease,, about 20,000 acres, stocked with large numbers of cattle, horses and sheep. Their chief hold- ings are in cattle, and while his brothers are interested with him in the business, all is con- ducted under the name of J. Lafayette Johnston, being wholly under his management and con- trol. He has been very successful in- the cat- tle business and is looked upon as one of the most thorough-going and progressive stockmen of Wyoming. Inheriting from his father his characteristics of pluck, perseverance and in- tegrity, he has very largely increased the former holdings and is steadily adding to his already extensive interests. On September 20, 1899, Mr. Johnston was united in marriage at Greeley, Colo., to Miss Maud Ewing, a native of Pennsylvania and the daughter of James W. and Anna M. Ewing, also natives of that state. Her parents came from Pennsylvania to Greeley, Colo., in 1882. Here the father en- gaged successfully in dairy farming and is still (1902) following the same pursuit at that place. The mother died in 1894, being buried at Greeley. To Mr. and Mrs. Johnston one child has been born, William R., the date of his birth being October 21, 1900. The young man al- ready gives promise of being a worthy successor of his father and his grandfather. Fraternally, Mr. Johnston is affiliated with the Masonic order as a member of the lodge at Cheyenne. While still a comparatively young man, Mr. Johnston has already made for himself an hon- ored place in the business life of Wyoming and is highly esteemed in the community where he resides. Born and raised in the West, he is thoroughly Western in every respect, having the sturdy elements of character, energy, keen intelligence, push and level-headedness peculiar to the successful men of that section. He is looked upon as one of the rising men of his state and as destined to occupy a prominent place in its future history. HON. W. E. JACKSON. The competent and efficient superintendent of the Big Horn Forest Reserve of Wyoming was born in Indiana on March 7, 1843, tne son of William and Hester (Copeland) Jackson, the father being a native of Hamilton county, Ohio, where he was born in 1818, his death occurring in Iowa. The mother was a native of Pennsyl- vania, born in 181 1. She died in Illinois in 1848, the family having settled there a short time before. In 1859 the elder Jackson removed his family to Iowa, locating in Page county and there engaging in farming and raising stock and there the son, W. E. Jackson, finished the ed- ucation in the public schools which he had begun in those of his former residence and, in 1861, when the Civil War broke out, he enlisted in the Union army as a member of Co. A, Fourth Iowa Cavalry. He served faithfully through the war, performing his full share of its arduous duties and bearing the marks of its burdens, hav- ing been wounded twice, once near Little Rock, Ark., and once at Guntown, Miss. The wound received in Arkansas was in the wrist and the other in the breast, and in that portion of his body he still carries the bullet that brought him low. He was discharged at the close of the war as first sergeant of his company, having ri'sen to this rank by meritorious service. He re- turned to his Iowa home and a short time after- wards came west to Denver, and for three years was engaged in mining at Central City. He then returned to Iowa and was married. From there he went to Kansas and passed seven years cultivating the soil, of Lincoln county, serving also a part of this time as sheriff of the county. In 1880 he came to Wyoming and, locating near Bighorn, took up a homestead and began to cultivate and improve it. He has increased his land to 500 acres and has a large and valuable lot of stock. He has always taken an earnest interest in county affairs and the improvement of his neighborhood, was one of the promoters of the irrigating canal in his part of the county and served as a county commissioner of Sheri- dan countv and also held the same office in Tohn- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 505 son count}' before it was divided. In these offi- ces he gave excellent service and general satis- faction, an unusual occurrence, for the office of county commissioner is one of the most difficult and exacting in the gift of the people. As a member of the board he helped to organize Sher- idan county and get the new political division safely on its feet. In 1896 he was elected to the Legislature and in that body actively championed the usury law of the state, which has been of great assistance apd protection to the borrowing class. At the end of his term he was appointed the superintendent of the Big Horn Forest Re- serve, and is filling this office with diligence, in- telligence and with conscientious devotion to his duties. Mr. Jackson belongs to the Masonic or- der through blue lodge, chapter and comman- dery relations, being also an Odd Fellow and he finds much pleasure in the meetings of the orders. In 1869 he was married in Iowa to Miss Amanda Davis, a native of Missouri and a daugh- ter of Matthew L. and Mary (Whelpley) Davis, natives of Kentucky. The father died some years ago in Iowa and the mother makes her home with her daughter. Three children have come to the union of Mr. and Mrs. Jackson, Minnie, mar- ried with L. E. Martin, of Bighorn, of whom specific mention is made elsewhere in this vol- ume ; Frank, a prosperous stockgrower of Uinta county; Edna, wife of Dr. W. B. Carver, of Denver, Colorado. JACOB JENNE. This energetic and prosperous sheepman, whose modern residence of graceful architecture is one of the attractive features of the thriving town of Douglas, Wyoming, was born in De Kalb county. III, on July 1, 1870, being the son of J. W. and Rosa (Schmidt) Jenne, who came from Germany early in their married life and be- came successful agriculturists of DeKalb county, 111. Jacob received a practical education in the public schools of his native county and thereafter was employed at farm labor in Missouri, in 1891 coming to Wyoming and at once engaging in sheepherding, continuing to be thus employed for two years and becoming skilled in all depart- ments of the sheep industry. He then started in the same line for himself, making Converse coun- ty his headquarters and being prospered as the logical result of his care and his discrimination, later making Sand Creek his permanent center of operations, where he has continued to give his personal attention to the care of his flocks, running as high as 20,000 head. On October 18', 1889, Mr. Jenne married with Miss Annie Elrod, a native of Indiana, and they have one son, Frederick. Mr. Jenne holds distinct opinions on public matters, joining himself to the Republican political party as the best exponent of his politi- cal faith, but having no desire for the acquisition of public office for himself, content to be a pri- vate citizen, who enjoys the good will, confidence and esteem of a large range of acquaintances, being a loyal and valued member of that worthy organization, the Woodmen of the World, him- self and family also taking a distinct place in the social circles of their friends, while a hospit- able welcome is extended to all comers at their beautiful home, which is elegantly located on the eastern declivity of the hill overlooking the city, commanding a lovely view. Mr. Jenne is an example of the success obtainable in the fair state of Wyoming by a man who is willing to lead a hard-working, painstaking life, and en- counter hardships and deprivations for a few years, and he is successful because he deserves success, having acquitted himself manfully in all relations of life. CHRISTOPHER HARRISON JONES. One of the most successful ranchmen and stockgrowers of Albany county, Wyoming, is Christopher H. Jones, who is a resident of Lar- amie. He was born in Ireland in 1S53, the son of John and Eliza (Stevenson) Jones, natives of that country. His father continued in ag- ricultural pursuits in Ireland until his death, which occurred when he had attained to the age of seventy-one years being buried in Glas- 506 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. gow, Scotland. He was the son of John and Margaret (Harrison) Jones, residents of Ire- land. John Jones was of English descent and had moved from his native country of England and established his home in Ireland in early life. The mother of the subject of this sketch was a woman of remarkable character, living to the age of seventy-three years and being the mother of eleven children, seven boys and four girls. She died in Glasgow, Scotland, and lies buried there by the side of her husband. Her fattier, Rev. Archibald Stevenson, was a native of Scotland, and at the time of his death, in Ireland, was rector of the parish church at Cas- tle Ellis, County Rexford, Ireland. Christopher H. Jones grew to man's estate in his native coun- try and received his early education in the pub- lic schools of the vicinity of his boyhood's home. When he had attained to the age of twenty-one years, he determined to free himself from the hard business conditions which surrounded him in his native land, and to seek his fortune in the free country of America. He therefore left the old home, and with a number of other young men of adventurous spirit, set sail for the New World, proceeding first to Michigan, where he remained for about one year, and then removed to Ohio, where was his home until 1876, when he came to the then territory of Wyoming. Locating at Laramie, he secured employment with the Union Pacific Railroad, afterwards accepting a position with the W. H. Holliday Co., a leading mercantile house, as bookkeeper, remaining in the latter employment until 1881, when he purchased his present ranch property and entered upon the business of cattleraising. He has been very successful, being now the owner of one of the finest stock ranches in that section of the state. Beginning in a small way he has added to his holdings, botli of land and live stock, until he now pos- sesses a large and model place and his barns and buildings are the largest and best equipped in that section of Wyoming. His success has been clue to his industry, perseverance and keen busi- ness ability, and he is now counted as one of the solid business men and substantial prop- erty owners of the county.' In 1881 Mr. Jones was united in marriage with Miss Mary Mc- Kinley, a relative of the late Pres. William Mc- Kinley, one of the most estimable women of the community where they maintain their home. She is a daughter of Andrew and Margaret (Wilson) McKinley. The father from Scotland emigrated to Canada in a very early day, where he still resides and is one- of the prosperous and well-known farmers of his section. His wife died when Mrs. Jones was but a child. To their union nine children have been 'born, Bruce S., John M., George A., Harrison C, Charles, Mary E., Archibald, Margaret and Helen, all of whom are living, excepting Margaret and Helen, who died in childhood. The home is one noted for its hospitality and for the gra- cious and generous good cheer which they take pleasure in dispensing to their wide circle of friends. The family are highly esteemed in Al- bany county. Mr. Jones is a stanch adherent of the -Republican party, and an earnest advo- cate of the principles of that political organi- zation. In 1902, his capability for efficiently holding public trust was recognized by his party, who nominated him as its candidate for county commissioner. The people emphatically ratified that nomination at the polls on Novem- ber 4th, bv a gratifying vote and his election, Mr. Jones having the honor of receiving the highest vote on 'the county ticket with one ex- ception, the popular candidate for coroner lead- ing him. He is deeply interested in educational matters and has served his district as a mem- ber of the school board, devoting much time to that service without expectation of reward except the consciousness of having discharged his duty as a public spirited citizen. No man in his section of the state holds a higher place in the regard of his fellow citizens and none have done more to promote the growth and de- velopment of that portion of Wyoming. KILPATRICK BROS. & COLLINS. The great American republic has in many ways reset the conditions of life and changed long established beliefs in numerous lines of thought and action. Until the gigantic enter- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 507 prises which distinguished the development of her enormous Northwestern territories were put into successful operation, no one thought of looking for mercantile or business industries of magnitude outside of the mighty marts of com- merce. America has taught the world that they can be conducted on an enormous scale in the very heart of an almost unbroken wilderness and one of the most impressive illustrations of this fact is furnished by the career and achievements of Kilpatrick Bros. & Collins, a firm consisting of William H., Robert J. and Samuel D. Kilpat- rick and Chester W. Collins, which is doing an enormous business and covering an immense extent of country, having its headquarters at Cambria, Wyoming. The business enterprises which they have put in motion and conducted to emphatic success are of such a character and magnitude as to forcibly engage attention and almost stagger belief, even here in the West where men have their vision adapted to colossal proportions in everything. Yet, while their op- erations are vast in scope and far-reaching in variety, they are so systematized that it is as easy for these gentlemen to conduct them suc- cessfully and without friction as it would be for many a man to carry on a corner grocery ; for to them the science of industrial development in all its bearings has seemed as easy of mastery as the acquisition of their native tongue. They be- long to the class whose mental capabilities run naturally to the acquisition and large use of money, who handle propositions involving its manipulation on scales of magnitude with due caution, yet with a facility and a fruitfulness sur- ■ prising to all who witness the operations. The leading industries which engage their attention and are the offspring of their fecundating finan- cial ability are the Newcastle Mining and Im- provement Co., having a capital stock of $1,000,- 000, the Cambria Mining Co., with a capital stock of $300,000, the Newcastle Water Supply Co., with a capital stock of $100,000, the Wyoming Trading Co., with a capital stock of $60,000 and the Wyoming Farming and Live Stock Co., with a capital stock of $50,000. All of these corpora- tions have assets far in excess of their capitali- zation in value and, while their fiscal boundaries may be definitely stated, the employment they give to labor, the brawny arms and busy brains they keep in action, the homes they furnish with the comforts of life and the otherwise widening currents of active goodness they continually pour out among men, may be conjectured, but not ex- pressed in figures or in words. The firm con- sists of William H. Kilpatrick, whose home is in Newcastle, Wyo., Robert J., whose headquar- ters are at Beatrice, Neb.; and Samuel D., who calls Cambria his home, but is seldom allowed to be there long at a time, the exigencies of the business keeping him on the road most of the year. Mr. Collins lives in Brooklyn, N. Y. The first business enterprise of the Kilpatricks was a general contracting industry, mainly connected with railroad work, their oldest brother, John David, deceased, being at its head and its opera- tions extended over the entire Northwest. In 1887 they came into Wyoming to prospect for coal and finding good promise of abundant stores of this valuable mineral in the section which they are now developing with such gratifying results, they bought largely of the land appearing to con- tain it, some 18,000 acres in extent, nearly all in one body, and at once began to bring forth its product for the market, using the name and style of the Cambria Mining Co. They found the coal too hard to be worked by hand and equipped the mines with machinery for the pur- pose, making their first shipment on December 4, 1889. Since then the mines have steadily increased their working's and enlarged their out- put until they now are the largest in Northern Wyoming carrying 700 men on their payrolls and yielding annually half-a-million tons of superior coal, the most of which is used by the Burlington Railroad and Black Hills enterprises. Their op- eration is conducted on thirty-five miles of un- derground track, all steel, requiring ten miles of wire cable, with an ever-increasing demand in these respects. For some time they have been replacing mules with compressed air locomotives as draft-power in a part of their workings. They also have in successful operation a coking plant with seventy-four bee-hive ovens, their coal be- 5 o8 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. ingf the onlv variety now mined in the state that will produce coke. The output of this industry, amounting to about 17,000 tons annually, is used by the Golden Reward Smelting Co. of Dead- wood. Early in their experience they were con- fronted with a scarcity of water for the mines and the other enterprises incident thereto. Know- ing that Nature has always in her bounteous ar- cana immense stores of whatever is needed for the sustenance and use of her children and that she yields them without stint when properly im- pleaded, they went to work with systematic dili- gence to supply the want, and sunk an artesian well to a depth of 2,345 feet. This yielded water with a wealth more abundant than the rock in the wilderness, when smitten by Moses for the famishing children of Israel, and the little coun- ty seat in the range of the Black Hills, near the border of two great states, was enriched with a generous portion of the sparkling fluid. The water from the well is lifted to the surface and distributed through its conduits by" means of compressed air and supplies the mines, the town of Newcastle, and the Burlington & Missouri River Railroad. The pressure is 900 pounds to the square inch and the length of pipe to the tank is 1,840 feet. The well has been in operation since December, 1901, with an unfailing flow. W. E. Mouck, the present superintendent of the mines, has been in charge since February, 1893, succeeding Joseph Hemingway, the former su- perintendent, and he has been connected with the mining company from its organization. L. T. Wolle was made secretary also in February, 1893, and is now the company's chief representative at Cambria. He was previously for years assistant chief engineer for the Union Pacific system. He is a man of mark, recognized as a resourceful and accomplished engineer wherever he is known, being also esteemed for the sterling vir- tues and force of his private character. In ad- dition to the mining interests proper the Kilpat- ricks own all the buildings, stores, and commer- cial agencies appurtenant thereto, and under the name of the Wyoming Trading Co. carry on an extensive mercantile business. They are also largely interested in stock, conducting an im- mense business under the name of the Wyoming Farming & Live Stock Co. Until recently they owned the Antlers Hotel at Newcastle, which was established in a brick building which they erected and equipped when the town was started. They are still carrying on their contracting busi- ness on a scale of great magnitude, having the name of being the largest and most responsible company in this line on the American continent. As a silent partner in these enormous industries Chester W. Collins is a potential aid, but the man- agement, both in general and in detail, is in the hands of the Kilpatricks, whose capabilities are equal to its requirements, whose success is com- mensurate with its magnitude and whose fame therein is coextensive with the country. HENRY KLASSERT. Among the citizens of the state of Wyo- ming who are of foreign birth, whose industry, thrift, and enterprise have done so much to build up the institutions of the commonwealth, is Henry Klassert, now a prominent resident of Wheatland. A native of the great German empire, his birth occurring on June 10, 1849, he is the son of John J. and Eva (Stumpf) Klas- sert, both natives of Germany. The parents emigrated from their native country to Airier- • ica in 1859 and established their home in Wood- ford county. 111., where they engaged in farming, the same pursuit they had followed in the land of their nativity. Here they resided until their deaths, the father passing away in 1887 and the mother surviving until 1900. They are bur- ied in Woodford county. 111., near the scenes of their long and useful lives, both having lived to the age of eighty vears. Henry Klassert grew to man's estate and received his early ed- ucation in Woodford county, where his parents resided. After completing his education in the public schools, he remained at home, assisting his father in the work and management of the farm, until he had attained twenty-six years of age. Then desiring to establish an independent position in business he went to Saunders coun- ty, Nebraska, and engaged in farming until PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 509 1886, when he removed his residence to the county of Cheyenne, in the same state. Here he purchased a farm, and continued in agricul- tural pursuits until 1895. Then disposing of his property in Nebraska, he came to Wyoming and purchased his present ranch property, sit- uated about five and one-half miles south of Wheatland, and engaged in stockraising. In this business he has met with marked success and by hard work, perseverance and attention to his business, he is building up a fortune, and is already counted as one of the solid stock- men and substantial property owners of his section of the state. On August 16, 1876, be- fore setting out for his new home in Nebraska, in Woodford county, 111., Mr. Klassert wedded Miss Jane Lincoln, a native of that state and a daughter of John E. and Rachel (Davis) Lin- coln, the former a native of Michigan and the latter of Kentucky. Her parents were among the earliest of the pioneer settlers of Illinois, the father conducting farming operations in Woodford county up to the time of his decease, which occurred in 1871. He is buried in the county where he had passed all his active life. After the death of the father, the mother re- moved to Saunders county, Neb., where she is now living at an advanced age. Mr. and Mrs. Klassert have four children, John H., Charles A., Samuel and Edward, all of whom are liv- ing. The family are devout members of the Roman Catholic church and take a deep interest in all work of religion and charity in the com- munity where they maintain their home, being among the most deserving citizens of the state of their adoption. HON. JESSE KNIGHT. It has been well said that the law is a jealous mistress and demands of her votaries an un- divided loyalty and singleness of purpose and this is exemplified in the career of every con- scientious man who chooses this most exacting of all professions for a life-work. The bar of Wyoming has ever maintained a high standing and among- its individual members in Laramie county is Hon. Jesse Knight, associate justice of the Supreme Court, who enjoys distinctive precedence as one of the leading jurists of the state. A native of Oneida county, N. Y., he dates his birth on July 5, 1850, being the son of Jesse and Henrietta (Guion) Knight, both parents having been born in the Empire state. Paternally, the Judge is descended from an old sturdy New England ancestry, his grandfather, Isaac Knight, claiming Rhode Island as his place of birth and in this commonwealth the emigrant forefathers of the family settled in an early day. Isaac Knight migrated to New York, locating in the wildwoods of Oneida county, where he lived the life of a pioneer tiller of the soil to the end of his days. In the same year in which his son, now the Hon. Jesse Knight, of this review, first saw the light of day, Jesse Knight started for California by the Isthmus of Panama, but did not live to reach his destin- ation, contracting the Panama fever, which re- sulted in his death while crossing the isthmus. Judge Knight is indebted to the public schools of his native county for his preliminary edu- cational discipline and subsequently he pursued the higher branches of learning in the Falley Seminary, at Fulton, N. Y. When about sev- enteen years old he severed home ties and went to St. Peter, Minnesota, where he lived with an uncle until 1869, then made his way to Omaha, Neb., and accepted a clerkship in a mercantile house, later becoming the head bookkeeper for the firm, removing to South Pass, Wyoming, in 1871, and entering the employ of Sydney Tick- nor. He remained in that gentleman's estab- lishment about one year, when he • was ap- pointed clerk of the court for the Third Ju- dicial District, in addition to which he was also made postmaster of South Pass, Wyo. He dis- charged his dual duties until 1874, at which time the district was reorganized, necessitating his removal to Evanston, where he continued as clerk of the District Court for ten years longer, meanwhile devoting his leisure to the study of law, being duly admitted to the bar in 1877, and some time thereafter he opened an office at Ev- anston and entered upon the active practice of his 5i° PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. profession in the courts of Uinta county. In 1888 he was elected county attorney and served in that capacity until 1890, making an honor- able record as an able and judicious official, adding to his already well-established reputa- tion as one of the successful attorneys of the Evanston bar. In the latter year at the time of the first state election he was further hon- ored by an election to the district judgeship, in which position he exhibited judicial abilities of a high order and won much more than a local repute by his faithful and conscientious administration of the office, his career on the district bench demonstrating great aptitude and capacity for high judicial station. Accordingly after seven years of service in this connection he was appointed in 1897 to fill the unexpired term of Judge Conway as associate justice of the Supreme Court and a year later he was elected his own successor for a full term of eight- years, and is now efficiently discharging his official functions with credit to himself and to the entire satisfaction of the people of the state, by whom he has been so signally honored. Judge Knight's rapid rise in his profession has scarcely been paralleled in the annals of juris- prudence. From the beginning of his career to the present time his course has been a series of advancements, as his elevation to the high- est judicial tribunal in the state abundantly tes- tifies. He possesses a keen, incisive intellect, broad capabilities and carries forward to suc- cessful completion every undertaking to which he addresses himself. As already indicated he won by patient study and indefatigable industry a leading- place at the bar of the state, and his position as a profound lawyer and distinguished jurist is fully assured. In the practice of law he was able and patient in the preparation of his cases, and in their trial skillful and success- ful, while in the preparation of a case and its presentation to court or jury he has had few equals in discovering in advance all of the con- trolling points and so marshalling the testimony and handling it in argument as to .produce the conviction that the cause of his client is just and ought to prevail. He is a good judge of human nature and remarkably conversant with the modes of thought on the part of juries. With these, and other equally meritorious qualifica- tions, together with his ability in the way of public addresses, he is forcible and successful in jury cases. Judge Knight brought to the Supreme Bench not only a personal reputation, but a character for integrity unquestionable and unquestioned, a wide knowledge of the law and of the difficulties which attend its administra- tion and practice ; a mind, which while it does not readily adopt for his own opinion the opin- ion of others, is quick to comprehend an argu- ment and ready to follow it to a logical con- clusion, however far that conclusion may differ from an opinion previously entertained. What has been said regarding his character and at- tainments as a lawyer, affords the key to his career on both the Circuit and the Supreme Benches. To his many friends throughout the state, who have carefully scrutinized his work as a jud^'e, no word is necessary: to the gen- eral public it need only be said that the same careful, conscientious application of thought and study is given to his official duties as judoe as secured his success at the bar : the result be- ing uniformly satisfactory alike to litigants. the legal profession and the people. In the capacity of an able, unbiased arbiter of justice, he has served with the fullest appreciation of the duties and responsibilities imposed upon him by the exalted station with which he has been honored. Outside the line of his profes- sion the Judge has long been identified with the public affairs of Wyoming j n a prominent way. He was a member of the constitutional con- vention of 1890 and took an active interest in its deliberations. In politics he is an orthodox Republic n of the Lincoln. McKinley and the Roosevelt school, and as such has been prom- inent in the councils of his party local, state and national. Tn matters pertaining to the in- dustrial improvement of the state he is by no means a passive spectator, but to the limits of his ability he has aided and abetted all the move- ments and enterprises having a laudable object in view. Tn the private walks of life his name PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 5 11 stands above reproach and those who knew him best are not only proud to have won, but ap- preciate his citizenship. He is one of the most prominent Freemasons in the West, having risen to the Thirty-third degree in that ancient and honorable fraternity, a distinction which but few attain. He is also identified with the Commandery and the Mystic Shrine, having been honored with high official position in the dif- ferent departments of the order. He is also a member of the Ancient Order of United Work- men and of the Maccabees. Referring to the domestic life of Judge Knight it is learned that he was united in marriage on February 14, 1876, with Miss Mary L. Hezlep, of Ohio, a union blessed with five children, namely : Har- riet, a graduate of the State University, and the New York School of Journalism ; Jesse, Mar- garet, Joseph C. and Dorothy E. ROBERT H. KNITTLE. The Knittle family is of German lineage, the first American representative settling in Schuyl- kill county, Pennsylvania, early in the eighteenth century, where he established a manufactory, the family continuing to follow industrial mechanics down to the grandfather of the subject of this me- moir, Dan Knittle, who passed his active life in the same vocation as did his fathers. The great- grandfather and several of his brothers were ac- tive patriots of the Revolutionary period and on the Colonial side. Robert H. Knittle is a son of Frank and Emily F. (Allison) Knittle, and was born in the same locality as were all of his American predecessors, Schuylkill county, Pa., the father being a prosperous merchant of Port Carbon for many years, but earlier enlisting in 1 86 1 at sixteen years of age in the Ninety-sixth Pennsylvania Infantry, and following the guid- ons of his command in the Army of the Potomac through some of its most sanguinary battles, be- ing wounded at-Spottsylvania and made a pris- oner, thereafter passing gloomy months in Libby prison, being entered on the records of his com- pany as "missing in battle." Escaping from Libby, he lay sick in a farmhouse for many weeks, returning as soon as his slowly recovering health would permit to his home and later being replaced on the muster rolls of his regiment and honorably discharged, although he never fully recovered from his wounds. His son, Robert H. Knittle, was the eldest of the seven children of his parents and, in connection with his at- tendance at the public schools, he acquired a knowledge of merchandising in his father's store, thereafter becoming a commercial traveler for some years, then in the fall of 1888 coming to Wyoming and locating at Douglas, in the service of C. P. Organ, and here he has since resided and been in constant business. Purchasing Mr. Organ's stock in 1890 he organized the Douglas Hardware and Lumber Co., of which he was the general manager until 1897, when, by reorganiza- tion, the company became the Florence-Howe Co., Mr. Knittle becoming the general manager and secretary of the new company, which has a large and well-appointed store building on Sec- ond street, where is displayed their extensive stock of hardware, while on city lots they own adjacent to their store, is located their black- smith, machine and woodworking shops, their lumberyards occupying six or seven city lots in close proximity to the shops. Their business is one of great scope and importance, a large annual trade being conducted and their products going into a wide-spread area of country. Mr. Knittle is a wide-awake and popular gentleman, count- ing his friends in number as his acquaintances and, possessing those traits of personal character that are most available in action for the public good, he has been the efficient treasurer of the city since 1899 an d nas a l so held position as one of the city fathers. In 1894 he was nominated, and elected by a complimentary vote, as the can- didate of the Republican party for member of the State Legislature. He is high in favor with his brother Freemasons and Odd Fellows, hold- ing membership in the local lodges. On July 17, 1894, were consummated the nuptial rites uniting Mr. Knittle and Miss Gertrude King, who was born in Illinois and is the daughter of the prom- 512 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. inent C. H. King of Casper, Wyo. Their chil- dren are Florence, Markie and Frances. The family holds distinctive precedence in the best society of the city and has a wide range of loyal friends, not bounded by city or county lines. THOMAS H. McGEE. No man in the state of Wyoming has had a more interesting, varied or exciting experience in his life on the frontier than Thomas H. McGee, for he freighted into Fort Laramie as early as 1856, long before many of the large cities of Wyoming were dreamed of and many years before there' was a railroad within the boundaries of the present state. A native of Morgan county, Mo., he was born on November 3, 1838, a son of Thomas and Susan (Donald- son) McGee, the former a native of Kentucky and the latter of Tennessee. Both his parents came to Morgan county when children, and they met and were married in that county and here the father engaged in farming operations up to the time of his death, in 1846, and he lies buried in that county, where he had passed the greater portion of his active life. The mother survived him until 1898, when she also died and. was bur- ied in Comanche, Tex. After the death of the father the family remained in Morgan county for about three years and then removed to Johnson county in the same state. Here the son, Thomas, received his early education and remained at home until he had arrived at the age of fifteen years when, desiring to make his own way in the world and also to assist his mother in the support of the family, he secured employment with an overland freight train and came across the plains to old Fort Kearney, Neb., soon there- after returning to the city of Leavenworth, Kan., whence he set out on another freighting expedi- tion to Fort Riley. In the fall of 1855, he re- turned to Johnson county, Mo., remained during the winter and in the spring of 1856 joined an- other freighting outfit and came to Fort Laramie. The next winter also he passed in Missouri and in the spring of 1857 he engaged in freighting for the U. S. government, following the army under command of Gen. Albert Sidney Johnston, which was then marching across the plains to Utah, and furnishing supplies to the troops. On this expedition Mr. McGee went as far as In- dependence Rock, Wyo., again returned to Mis- souri, where he also passed the next winter and, once more, in the spring of 1858, he set out with another overland freight train to Fort Laramie. During this season he made two trips to that fort, wintering this year on Sybylle Creek, Wyo., building for this purpose the first cabin ever erected in that vicinity. During the season of 1859 he continued freighting operations for the U. S. government from Fort Laramie to Salt Lake City, Utah, and passed the winter of that year at Fort Worth, Texas. In the spring of i860 he was employed to drive a herd of cattle overland from Fort Worth to Chicago, and was occupied for five months with this employment. The following winter was passed at his old home in Johnson county, Mo., and in May, 1861, he enlisted for a period of six months in a Missouri regiment for service in the Confederate army. After serving out his term of enlistment he re- mained at his Missouri home until June, 1862, when he engaged in freighting from Fort Leav- enworth to New Mexico, making two trips that year. The next year he freighted from Fort Leavenworth to old Fort Garland and in 1864, he again joined the freighting line from Fort Leav- enworth' to Fort Laramie for some months and was then employed by Erwin, Jackman & Co. in riding the range. In 1865 he had charge of an overland freight train bound for Salt Lake City, Utah, and returning to Fort Leavenworth. In 1866 he was Occupied in freighting from Fort Leavenworth to Fort Saunders and Fort Casper, passing the winter at Fort Laramie. In 1867, he returned to Johnson count)'. Mo., where he remained for four years -engaged in farming. In 1871 he came to Greeley. Colo., and later he brought a large herd of cattle to Wyoming, where he remained for three years as foreman on the cattle ranch of S. D. Hunter, located at Antelope Springs. In 1874 he went to Iron Mountain, where he was the manager of a large horse ranch for one year. In August, 1875, he PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 513 left that' position that he might engage in busi- ness for himself, and took up his present ranch on South Crow Creek, Laramie county, Wyo., about seventeen miles west of Cheyenne. Here he has since made his home and has been contin- uously engaged in cattle and horse raising, giving his attention chiefly to cattle. He has met with marked success in his operations and is now the owner of a fine ranch of over 4,000 acres of land, with many thousands of acres of leased lands, which he holds from the state. Mr. McGee handles mostly the Hereford breed of cattle, find- ing that line the most profitable. He has a large band at the present time (1902) and is constantly adding to his large stock holdings. On March 5, 1869, Mr. McGee was married in Johnson county, Mo., to Miss Sreldia Jackson, a native of Illinois and a daughter of James and Mary (Heska) Jackson, the former a native of Ken- tucky and the latter of Pennsylvania. Her fa- there was long an extensive contractor and build- er, first operating in Illinois and later in Mis- souri. In 1873 ne removed from Missouri to Wyoming, and settled on Horse Creek, where he engaged in ranching and cattleraising until 1878, the year of his death. The mother died in 1900 and both were buried in Cheyenne. Four children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. McGee, Lula M., Maud I., Hugh W. and J. Hobart. Mr. McGee has all his life been identified with the Democratic party and, while taking a patriotic interest in public affairs, he has never been a strong partisan or sought political preferment. He is a man of sterling traits of character, whose long and varied experiences of life have enlarged and liberalized his views, and it is both interesting and instructive to hear him relate the story of his early life on the frontier. For many years he has seen the making of history in the West and has assisted materially in that making. Dur- ing many of his early freighting expeditions, the Indians were hostile and very troublesome and he had many escapes, which now seem almost miraculous. His good judgment and courage Often carried him through places where men less strong and dauntless would have perished. Al- though engaged in many skirmishes with the In- dians on the plains during those exciting days, he was never seriously injured and was always ready to go back over the trail by the next over- land train and try his luck again. His industry and business ability are building up for him and his children a fine property, while his admirable and manly qualities have earned for him the good opinion and high regard of all with whom he has ' come in contact. JAMES McLOUGHLIN. One of the pioneers of Wyoming and also one of the representative stockmen of that state, who has now retired from active business and turned over the management of his extensive stock interests to his sons, James McLoughlin, a leading citizen of the city of Cheyenne, was born on April 26, 1846, in County Westmeath, Ireland, the son of James and Bridget (Ger- aghty) McLoughlin, also natives of Ireland. The father was engaged in merchandising at the town of Moat, through a long life and up to the time of his decease, which occurred in 1846. The mother died in the same year and both were buried in the land of their nativity. Left an orphan during infancy by the death of his parents, James McLoughlin was received into the family of an uncle, and there he grew to man's 'estate, receiving his early education in the schools of Moat in his native land. He was educated for the priesthood, but was compelled to leave school at the age of nineteen years and before he had cbmpleteci his education. In 1865 he left the home of his childhood and early manhood and came to America to seek his for- tune' in the New World. After arriving in New York, he soon started for Omaha, Neb., and up- on arriving at that place ■ secured employment in the construction department of the Union Pacific Railroad, then building through that section of the country and continued in that occupation continuously until 1886. In 1875 ne was transferred. from Sidney, Neb., to the town of Otto, Wyo., remaining there during his sub- sequent railroad work. In 1886 he purchased the ranch property which he now owns, sit- 5i4 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. uated on Duck Creek, about twenty-five miles from the city of Cheyenne, Wyo., and which is extensively known as the Twin Mountain ranch. This is one of the historic spots of Wyoming, it having been formerly an important station on the old overland Laramie stage road, being one of the first ranches established in the early days of Wyoming. It has been the scene of many exciting experiences of frontier life, and is known to all the frontiersmen of the Western country. Here he engaged in cattleraising with great success, adding to his holdings, both of stock and land, until now he is the owner of a fine ranch, comprising some 3,600 acres of land, well fenced and improved, one of the finest hay ranches in that section of the state. A leading and representative stockman of that portion of Wyoming, he is counted as one of the solid business men and substantial prop- erty owners of the state. In 1901 desiring to withdraw from the cares of active business pur- suits, he turned over the management of his ranches and cattle interests to his three sons, who now control them and handle the prop- erty along the same successful lines followed by the father. He then removed his residence from the ranch to the city of Cheyenne, where he now maintains his comfortable home and is enjoying the ease and repose to which he is justly entitled after his industrious and well- spent life. On May 7, 1876, at Lincoln, Neb., Mr. McLaughlin was united in marriage with Miss Sarah Daly, a native of that state and a daughter of James and Ann (Scott) Daly, natives of Ireland. Her father came to America from his native country in 1823 and the mother came in 1824. The father always followed the occupation of blacksmithing during the active years of his life, dying in the city of Wheatland, Wyoming, in 1899 at the advanced age of ninety-six years. The mother still survives and makes her home in Denver. Mr. and Mrs. McLoughlin have had five children, Thomas F., Catherine E., now Mrs. McPhee, Theresa A., now Mrs. Murray; James G. and Maurice F., all of whom are living. The active and industrious sons are all residing at the original home ranch on Duck Creek, Wyo. The family are members of the Roman Catholic church, and take an earnest part in all works of religion and charity in the community where they reside. Politically, Mr McLoughlin is identified with the Democratic party, and takes an interest in public affairs, but has never sought or desired public office, pre- ferring to give his entire time and attention to the management of his extensive business in- terests and the care of his family. MRS. ALICE IDEN. Mrs. Alice Iden, a prominent member of the Old Settlers' Club and a welcome addition to the best social circles of Sheridan, who is the widow of the late S. A. Iden, whose death in that city on November 17, 1901, removed from its citizen- ship one of the most useful, most esteemed and most picturesque of its members, is a native of Wisconsin and a daughter of William G. and Louisa (Westrope) Snead, the former born and reared in Tennessee and the latter in Jackson county. 111. Her mother's father was a nephew of Daniel Boone and in Illinois in the time of the Black Hawk War he bore a gallant and highly appreciated part. Family tradition tells us that ancestors of her father came over in the May- flower and in all the early history of New Eng- land they were conspicuous in peace and war in the service of their adopted land. They were hardy, thrifty people and boldly took their place in the front rank of every movement for the development and improvement of the country, clearing the forests, fighting Indians, establishing governments, commencing schools and building churches. They were men of enterprise in mer- cantile affairs and some of them went "down to the sea in ships," daring the dangers of all the oceans. Mr. Iden was born in Virginia on May 23, 1827, a son of James and Margaret (Rus- sell) Iden, descendants of old families that had lived in the Old Dominion from Colonial times and had done in that section for the advance- ment of American progress and development what Mrs. Iden's forefathers had done in New England and elsewhere. And when the strnsrele S. A. IDEN. MRS. ALICE IDEN. PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 515 for Independence came, members of both lines warmly espoused the cause of the Colonies and fought for their release from foreign domination until it was accomplished. When Mr. Iden was seven years old the family moved to Ohio and when he reached the age of eighteen he made his residence in Illinois and there started in life. He was married soon after to Miss Elmira Robinson, and settled down on a farm where he worked and prospered for many years, going however dur- ing this time to California where he devoted five years to mining and returned to Illinois. In 1869 his wife died and two years later he was married to Miss Alice Snead. Soon after their marriage they moved to Hopkins, Mo., and en- gaged in farming and stockgrowing, for a time also conducting a merchandising enterprise with success. In 1882 they came to Wyoming and, taking up some of the choice land on Big Goose Creek near Beckton, continued in this more fa- vorable field the stockgrowing and farming in- dustries they had begun in Missouri. In these they were very successful, increased their land to 1,300 acres and improved it as time passed until it became one of the most productive and beauti- ful places on the creek. In 1900 advancing age made Mr. Iden desirous of retiring from active effort and the ranch was sold, a handsome resi- dence was built in Sheridan and there they hoped tc pass long years of quiet retirement in the evening of . life, surrounded with every comfort and secure in the esteem of their hosts of friends, but two years later Mr. Iden died and since that time his widow has occupied the Sheridan home. Mrs. Iden has had an eventful career. She was the first white woman who settled on Big Goose Creek and was called on to meet all the exactions and bear all the hardships of a life so entirely lonely and pioneer, being often alone and sur- rounded by Indians. But she was of resolute spirit and not only met the requirements bravely, but aided vigorously in subduing the wilderness and making it fruitful. She was also practically a pioneer in Missouri, for when they moved to that state the part where they located was un- developed and sparsely settled, and there she be- came inured to frontier life and learned to endure its privations with patience. 32 MARK MANLEY. This versatile gentleman is well classed among the leading spirits and sterling pioneers of Wyoming and he is a true son of the West, having been born at Salt Lake City, Utah, on November 17, 1865, a son of James and Sarah (Myers) Manley, his father being a native of Zanesville, Ohio, born on March 2J, 1827, and his mother of Nauvoo, 111., where she was born on March 16, 1845, a daughter of George and Anna (Yost) Myers, who were Pennsylvanians of Holland ancestry and farmers by vocation. James Manley was a glassblower by trade and he came to Utah with General Connor when he brought his California volunteers to quell the Mormon uprising, remaining in Utah until 1867. He then came to Fort Bridger and engaged in merchandising' in the old town of Merrill. An energetic, educated and public spirited person, he was an important factor in all matters affect- ing the public weal and when Uinta county was organized, with the temporary county seat at Merrill, he was the first deputy county assessor of the new organization. His marriage occurred at Salt Lake City, in September, 1864, and three children came to them, Mark, Sarah B., now re- siding in California, the wife of David E. Stay- ton, and Blair, who died in infancy. Both of the parents died at Fort Bridger, the mother on February 12, 1873, and the father on April 8, 1874, and they were interred at Salt Lake City. Mark Manley attended the public schools of Salt Lake City, attaining such proficiency as to en- able him to engage in teaching, at the age of six- teen,' however, coming to Fort Bridger and be- coming the mail-carrier between the Fort and Carter and Henry's Fork. Later he for two years taught very successfully in schools at Hil- liard and Burnt Fork, assuming then a clerical position in the poststore at Fort Bridger, in which he continued for two years, winning many friends by his courtesy, attention to business and his numerous good qualities. Deeming it desir- able to have an independent business, he started ranching, taking up the land of his present home, where he is nicely arid eligibly located, owning 320 acres of productive land and happily occu- 5 i6 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. pied in caring for his fine herd of graded Here- ford cattle, which is yearly increasing in size and importance. He is considered one of the able and reliable citizens of the county, being a valued member of the Woodmen of the World and prominently allied with the Democratic party and was the candidate of his party in 1894 for member of the State Legislature, receiving a very complimentary vote but, owing to the su- perior numerical strength of the opposing party, he failed of an election. He has, however, done excellent service as a deputy assessor. Where non-partisan issues are. in discussion his judg- ment and opinions are carefully weighed and con- sidered. At Ogden, Utah, on January 11, 1889, were solemnized the marriage ceremonies unit- ing Mr. Manley.and Mrs. S. M. Hamilton, the widow of R. H. Hamilton, of Michigan, and a daughter of Philip and Sarah LaCroix, also na- tives of Michigan. Three children brighten the beautiful home over which Mrs. Manley presides with grace and entertains with hospitality. EDGAR W. MANN. The subject of this sketch, Edgar W. Mann, has had so successful a professional and official career that it marks him as one of the distin- guished men of the city in which he resides. In one of the most exacting of the learned profes- sions he has won a prominent place among the ablest of his contemporaries, while as a legisla- tor his record has become a part of the history of Wyoming. He is a native of Dane county, Wis., and one of the leading members of the Cheyenne bar, being the son of Robert and Har- riet N. (Warner) Mann, and was born near Mad- ison, on November 18, 185 1, and after the death of his parents, which occurred before he had reached his tenth year, he found a borne with his grandparents by whom he was reared to man- hood. His primary education acquired in the public schools of his native county was supple- mented by a full course at Beloit College, enter- ing the preparatory department of that institu- tion at the age of fourteen and from this educa- tional institution he was graduated in 1873. De- ciding to make legal business as his life-work, he entered the law department of the State Uni- versity at Madison, graduating therefrom in 1874, and the same year was admitted to the bar, after which he entered the office of J. C. McKen- ney of that city, remaining with him for six months, when leaving Madison, he entered the office of Bingham & Jenkins at Chippewa Falls, Wis. After practicing there until March, 1876, he came to Wyoming and accepted a clerical po- sition with W. W. Corlett, one of the leading law - yers of the Laramie county bar, subsequently opening a law-office of his own and being in prac- tice for four years, at the expiration of which time he was appointed register of the L T . S. land- office, entering upon his duties of the position in April, 1880. Mr. Mann held the above office four years and four months, retiring therefrom in August, 1884, and the following fall was further honored by being elected county attorney. Mean- time, in 1879, he had served as a member of the Territorial House of Representatives, in which body he took an active part in the proceedings, serving on several important committees and par- ticipating in the public discussions during the open sessions. At the expiration of his term of service as county attorney, he resumed his pro- fession. On December 15, 1896, he was ap- pointed city attorney of Cheyenne, which office he still holds, having been reappointed on Febru- ary 8, 1899. In politics Mr. Mann is a stanch supporter of the Republican party, ready and earnest in the defense of his convictions, and is one of its recognized leaders in the city and county. He has contributed much to the suc- cess of the local and state tickets, taking an act- ive interest during the progress of campaigns as an adviser and worker with the rank and file. In his profession Mr. Mann may be regarded as standing in the front rank at a bar long noted for the high order of its legal talent. As a prac- titioner he has few equals among his associates, as the success which has invariably attended his efforts abundantly attest. He is a man of pro- nounced individuality and untiring industry, and his opponents often find when a case comes to trial that the questions involved are entirely dif- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 517 ferent from what they had previously conceived them to be and, as a consequence, discomfiture usually follows. In the trial of suits he is in the main successful, for his careful arrangement, his watchfulness, his ability to perceive and lay hold of the strong points of his cause and, above all, his acknowledged honesty of purpose make him an exceedingly strong and formidable opponent before either court or jury. He is also consid- ered a safe and reliable counsellor and as a con- sequence has built up a lucrative business aside from the duties of the office which he so accept- ably fills. Mr. Mann is an ardent believer in re- vealed religion and for a number of years has been an active and' consistent member of the Congregational church. He has always endeav- ored to measure his life by the true standard of Christian manhood as found in the Sacred Scrip- tures, and all who know him bear witness that his daily walk and conversation are in harmony with his profession as an humble disciple of the man of Nazareth. He has been a member of the board of trustees of the local Congregational church and untiring in his efforts to build up the congregation and promote its usefulness. Fraternally, he is one of the leading Odd Fel- lows of Wyoming, having served as grand mas- ter of the grand lodge, also as grand patriarch of the Grand Encampment of the state. In these official capacities he became widely known among the fraternities throughout Wyoming and his name is a familiar sound wherever an organiza- tion of either brotherhood meets. Mr. Mann was happily married at St. Joseph, Mo., on May 18, 1881. The maiden name of Mr. Mann was Emma J. Corlett; she is the daughter of Wil- liam and Ann Corlett and has borne her husband two children, Walter C. and Mary E., both of whom inherit many of the sterling qualities of head and heart for which their parents are noted. JOSEPH A. MANORGAN. A leading merchant and representative cit- izen of Converse county, Wyoming, Joseph A. Manorgan, whose residence and place of busi- ness is at Manville, is a native of Newport, Ky., where he was born on September 22, 1865, the son of Margaret Manorgan, the former a native of Scotland and the latter of England. Shortly after the birth of Mr. Manorgan the family removed to Cincinnati, where in a few months he lost his father, when the mother re- moved with her family to Henry county, 111., where they made their residence until her son, Joseph, was six years old when she also died. He was then taken in company with his broth- ers to Athens county, Ohio, where he received his early education in the public schools. Sub- sequently in company with his older brother, George, he went to Taylor county, Iowa, where he resided for about five years, then in Ring- gold county, Iowa, he was employed for two years as a clerk and later engaged in buying grain. In 1886 he removed to Sydney, Neb., and in the same year came to the then territory of Wyoming, locating at the town of Manville, where he was employed in different occupa- tions for a time and then engaged in railroad- ing. He continued in this pursuit up to the fall of 1893, when he gave up this employment for the purpose of engaging in mercantile pur- suits. In June, 1894, in company with Mr. William McReynolds, with whom he is still associated in business, he started a general store at Manville, which was continued until the fall of 1896. At that time he purchased the interest of his partner in the establishment. In 1901 the Manville Mercantile Co. was organized, Mr. McReynolds becoming the president and Mr. Manorgan the treasurer of the company, which erected a commodious building in Man- Ville^ in which they carry an extensive stock of general merchandise, and conduct one of the largest and most successful mercantile enter- prises in that section of Wyoming, which has been built up very largely by the ability, en- ergy and the careful attention to business of Mr. Manorgan, who is looked upon as really one of the representative business men of Wyo- ming. On December 7, 1893, Mr. Manorgan was united in marriage to Miss Lizzie E. Kern, a native of Illinois, who for some time had been engaged in teaching in the public schools of 5i8 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. Wyoming. To their union has been born three children, only one of whom is living, Harold G., and their home is one noted for its sur- roundings of refinement and comfort. Fra- ternally, Mr. Manorgan is affiliated with the Modern Woodmen of America. He was one of the organizers of the First Methodist church of Manville and has ever taken an active and leading part in all work calculated to promote the moral and religious wellbeing of the com- munity. He assisted in the organization and is at present the superintendent of the Sun- day-school in connection with his church, and his earnest endeavors have been toward the upbuilding and education of the people. Suc- cessful in his business affairs and giving a large portion of his time and energy to the public welfare, Mr. Manorgan is a fine type of what an American citizen should be, high- minded, public-spirited, and enjoying the re- spect and confidence of his fellow citizens. FERGUSON S. MITCHELL. Among the progressive men of the younger generation of stockmen of Wyoming, and one who is sure to be a prominent figure in the future industrial life of the state, is' Ferguson S. Mitchell, whose address is Uva, in Laramie county. He is a native of Scotland, born in Aberdeenshire, on May 3, 1873, the son of George and Barbara J. (Shives) Mitchell, na- tives of Scotland, where his father was a farmer, and engaged in raising thoroughbred and graded cattle, in which pursuit he con- tinued in his native land until his death, which occurred in 1892, being buried in Aberdeen- shire. The mother is still living in the city of Aberdeen, although she is at present (1902) paying a visit to her sons in Wyoming. Fer- guson S. Mitchell grew to man's estate in his native country, and received his early educa- tion in the schools of Aberdeenshire, attend- ing during most of the time the institutions of the city of Aberdeen. When he had completed his education, he entered the employ of a large woolen factory in Yorkshire, England, having in view the possibility of following that pur- suit in after years, and remained there for about three years. The death of his father in 1892, however, changed his plans for the fu- ture, and shortly after that unfortunate event, he determined to go to America and seek his fortune. Arriving here in 1892, he proceeded to Casper, Wyo., and engaged in sheep hus- bandry for about two years, when he came to Laramie county and entered into partnership with his elder brother, George Mitchell, form- ing the Mitchell Cattle Co., and they there con- tinued in that business up to the spring of 1898, when he sold his interest to his brother George, and purchased the ranch property which he now owns and occupies on the North Laramie River, about five miles west of Uva, in Laramie county. Here he engaged in rais- ing cattle, and he has since that time been con- tinuously engaged in that occupation. In this enterprise he has met with success and is now the owner of a fine, improved ranch property, with a modern residence and all suitable and necessary barns and buildings for the carry- ing on of a general ranching and cattleraising business. He is yearly adding to his holdings, both of land and cattle, and is counted as one of the rising young stockmen of Wyoming. Fraternally, he is affiliated with the Masonic order as a Thirty-second degree mason of the Scottish Rite, a member of Consistory, No. I, and also of Commandery No. 1, of the city of Cheyenne. Politically, he is identified with the Republican party, and takes an active interest in public affairs, although not to the extent of either seeking or desiring political office. He is one of theorising men of Laramie coun- ty, being held in the highest esteem by all classes of his fellow citizens. L. E. MARTIN. L. E. Martin, a prosperous and enterprising ranchman and stockgrower of Sheridan, located near Bighorn, Wyo., is a native of Pennsylvania, where he was born on June 17, 1857, and where also his parents, Robert and Catherine (Emery) PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 5i9 Martin, were born and reared. He grew to manhood on his father's farm and had the usual experience of country boys in his class and sec- tion, working at home during the summers and attending the district schools in the winters. When he reached the age of twenty-one he be- gan farming for himself and followed this occu- pation in his native state until 1878. He then removed to Kansas and for two years was en- gaged in farming in that state. In 1880 he made another change of base to Boulder, Colo., there conducting an active business as a contrac- tor. After three years of success in this line he came to Wyoming in 1883 in charge of the Colo- rado colony, which had land near Bighorn and had constructed a large irrigating ditch for its proper supply of water. He bought a farm in the same neighborhood and settled down to cul- tivate it as well as to act as manager and superin- tendent of the interests of this colony. In this capacity he was employed until 1890 and since then he has been doing contract work in build- ing reservoirs and raising stock, handling both horses and cattle, and he has an interest in the •Bighorn creamery. His farm is a valuable and productive one, well located and highly improved. He is a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and of the Modern Woodmen of America. On February 16, 1888, he was mar- ried to Miss Minnie Jackson, a native of Iowa and a daughter of W. E. and Amanda (Davis) Jackson, natives respectively of Indiana and Missouri. Mr. and Mrs. Martin have two chil- dren, Lona and Edward, both of tender years. IRA O. MIDDAUGH. Few are there among the younger generation of business and professional men of the state of Wyoming who hold a higher place in the pub- lic esteem, or have brighter prospects for the future, than Hon. Ira O. Middaugh, the editor and popular proprietor of the Wheatland World of Wheatland. He is a native of Michigan, born in the city of Kalamazoo, on February 13, 1868, a son of Harmon and Maria (Graham) Middaugh, the former a native of the Domin- ion of Canada, and the latter of Rochester, N. Y. The father was one of the very earliest pioneers in Michigan, having come to that state in 1831, when his parents settled in the county of Oakland. In 1845 ne married and removed to Kalamazoo county, where he en- gaged in farming up to the time of his de- cease in 1898. He lies buried at Richland Cen- ter, Kalamazoo county. The mother passed away in September, 1882, and was buried by the side of her husband. Ira O. Middaugh grew to man's estate and received his early education in the graded schools of Kalama- zoo, pursuing a thorough course of study. In 1883, after the death of his mother, he went to Beloit, Kansas, to make his home with his older brother, John, who was r siding there, engaged in the practice of law. Here he com- pleted a course of study in the Beloit high school, and subsequently, when at the age of sixteen years, he secured employment in a printing-office at that place, and entered upon his • career as a newspaper-man, in which he has made a conspicuous success. He re- mained in this position for two years, at the same time reading law in the office of his brother. In 1886, he left Beloit and went to Abilene, in the same state, to accept a po- sition in the office of a daily paper, continuing in that employment at Abilene and Harper, Kansas, until 1888. In the latter year he de- termined to seek his fortune on the Pacific coast and went to Seattle, Wash., where he be- came a member of the Typographical Union, and held various positions on daily papers. The following year he returned to Kansas and purchased the Plainville Times, which he con- ducted successfully until 1894, when he dis- posed of his interests in Kansas, and removed to Wheatland, Wyo. Here, in October, 1894, he issued the first number of the Wheatland World, a progressive and popular newspaper, which he has conducted with great success from the date of its first issue. Its circulation has gradually grown from year to year until now it is among the largest of the country pa- pers of the state. This has been due to the 520 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. energy, fairness and progressive spirit in which the paper has dealt with the public in its busi- ness relations and the manner in which it has discussed all questions concerning the welfare of the community in which it is published. Politically, Mr. Middaugh is a stanch adherent of the Republican party, having affiliated with it from the time he became a voter, and the Wheatland World being one of the- principal Republican organs of Wyoming. In 1896 Mr. Middaugh was elected a member of the Leg- lature of Wyoming from Laramie county and served a term in that capacity. His record dur- ing that time was such as to do credit to his party and to his county, and to reflect honor upon himself, much of the legislation enacted during that session standing as a monument to the able and patriotic manner in which he performed the duties of his office. In May, 1897, he was appointed postmaster at Wheat- land, and has continued in that position to the present time. During his residence in Plainville, Kansas, he was elected as city clerk of that place and served in that capacity up to the time of his removal to Wyoming. On April 8, 1890, at Plainville, Kansas, Mr. Mid- daugh was united in marriage with Miss Allie M. Kerns, a native of Illinois and the daugh- ter of David and Mattie E. (Wilson) Kerns, both natives of Ohio. Emigrating from Ohio, the father of Mrs. Middaugh settled in Stark county, 111., and there followed the occupation of farming until the death of his wife, which occurred on December 27, 1879. She is buried at Wyoming, in that state. Shortly after this unfortunate event he removed to Kansas, es- tablished his home in Rooks county and en- gaged in farming and stock-raising. He con tinued in this pursuit until 1895 when he dis- posed of his property in Rooks county and retired from actual business, making his home in Topeka, Kan., where he died on May 1 1, 1901, and where he is buried. He was a suc- cessful man of business affairs, who enjoyed the esteem of his neighbors and large circle of friends and did much to build up the commun- ities in which he made his home. To Mr. and Mrs. Middaugh have been born three daughters to bless their home life, Florence M., Kath- leen M. and Marjorie L., all of whom are liv- ing. Their home in Wheatland is noted for its comfortable surroundings and for the gra- cious and refined hospitality there dispensed. Fraternally, Mr. Middaugh is a prominent member of the Masonic order, being a charter member of Wheatland Lodge, A. F. & A. M., and having been its first worshipful master. He is also a member of the commandery of Knights Templar, the chapter and consistory at Cheyenne, having taken the Thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite. He is also a charter member of Wheatland Lodge of Odd Fellows, and is past grand of that lodge. He is also affiliated with the Modern Woodmen of America and the Woodmen of the World at Wheatland, and takes an active interest in all matters calculated to promote and advance the fraternal life of the city where he maintains his home. In addition to his other business in- terests Mr. Middaugh is interested in fire in- surance, loans and collections, and is one of the most active and enterprising business men in his section of the state. He is progressive, popular, successful and enjoys the admiring es- teem and support of a large and growing con- stituency. GEORGE W. METCALF. Descending from very early Colonial stock of New England, both sides of his lineage having been conspicuously identified with the movements leading up to the Declaration of Independence and to the Revolutionary War and also with the campaigns and battles of that heroic struggle for independence, one of his maternal ancestors being the distinguished Colonel Chadwick in whose memory, for his gallantry in that contest, a handsome monument was erected in Worcester, Mass., and is still standing, an historic landmark of that city. George W. Metcalf, the represent- ative merchant of Douglas, Wyo.. has inherited many of these New England qualities of intelli- gence, thrift, business sagacity and ability, which PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 52i placed "its sons at the very front of the business operations of every locality where circumstances have located them. Mr. Metcalf was born on January 25, 1855, in the intellectual village of Northfield, Vt., a son of A. D. and Martha J. (Chadwick) Metcalf, both being natives of the old town of Barton in that state. His maternal grandfather was a leading merchant of his sec- tion of Vermont, while his father was a contrac- tor and builder of Northfield, passing there all ' the years of his manhood until his death. He fre- quently represented Northfield in the State Leg- islature and was very active in town and public matters.' George W. Metcalf was the eldest son of the family. His early literary training was acquired in Northfield, thereafter attending the Norwich (Vt.) University and later entering the University of Vermont at Burlington, from the failing of his health being forced to terminate his studies, to relieve his illness coming to Wyoming, where he was so pleased with the country and its climatic purity that in 1880 he became a per- manent citizen of the state, locating first at Fort Laramie, then in Johnson county, there signing the petition for its creation, in 1882 making his residence at Fort Fetterman, where in 1884 he engaged in merchandising and was commissioned postmaster. After four years of successful busi- ness life there he removed to Casper, trading there as Metcalf & Williams until 1890, when purchasing Williams' interest he continued busi- ness individually until 1899, when was formed the Webel Mercantile Co. In 1885 Metcalf & Williams had opened a clothing store in Doug- las, which, with the before-mentioned interests, became the full property of Mr. Metcalf in 1890, and this store he still conducts. He has been a resident of Douglas since the creation of the town, and the second store- building of Casper was erected by him. He holds a large block of the stock of the Webel Mercantile Co. and is the president of the company. It could hardly be expected that a man of Mr. Metcalf 's practical eye to business results would confine his attention to merchandising during the long years of his Wyoming life, when the great potentialities of that most alluring and profitable source of rev- enue, the stock industry, presented their attract- ive features. And he did not do so. He owns a ranch of great value on Sand Creek, fifty miles north of Douglas, having twenty miles of water, one on the Cheyenne River and yet another place in Weston county, all devoted to stockraising, Mr. Charles H. Weely being his partner in the sheep and ranching business, and they are run- ning over 20,000 head of sheep. On February 22, 1888, Mr. Metcalf was married to Miss Susan Webel, a sister of his associate in the Webel Mercantile Co. and they have two children : Mil- dred and Catherine Eleanore. In Douglas Mr. Metcalf has erected a modern brick store 45x100 feet in size, with a basement, and in this is housed and displayed an extensive stock of dry- goods, clothing, groceries, boots, shoes, etc., all well suited to the wants of the people of the sur- rounding country, having also a large warehouse, 25x100 feet, beside the railroad and a substantial brick residence of neat architectural design and modern equipment, all showing the prosperity of his financial condition and adding to the favor- able appearance of the flourishing city of his home. In political relations Mr. Metcalf has been of faithful adherence to the principles so dominant in his former New England home and is a pronounced Republican, although always conceding to every man the certain right to cast his ballot in accordance with his own convic- tions. In Masonic circles he is not only a Knight Templar, but he has also attained to the Thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite, being widely known to the brotherhood of the state. He is also a member of the Woodmen of the World, being also a representative of the best commercial operators of the state, a fortun- ate and successful business man and a good citi- zen, standing well in the esteem of the leading- people of a wide extent of country. GEORGE MITCHELL. One of the most prominent stockmen of the state of Wyoming is George Mitchell, whose ad- dress is Uva, in Laramie county. He comes of the Scottish race, which has contributed so 522 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. many of the successful men of America, and es- pecially of the state of Wyoming. Still a young man, he is already a leading figure in the business and industrial life of the state and is destined to take a still more prominent part. He was born April 28, 1859, ™ Aberdeenshire, Scotland, a son of George and Barbara J. (Shives) Mitchell, also natives of Aberdeenshire. His father followed the occupation of the breeding of thoroughbred cattle in his native country and was also a gen- eral farmer. He was a successful man of busi- ness and a highly respected citizen of Scotland, where he resided until his death in 1892. He is buried in Aberdeenshire, near the scene of the ac- tivities of his long and useful life. His widow resides in the city of Aberdeen, being at the pres- ent time (1902) on a visit to her sons in Lara- mie county, Wyo. George Mitchell attained man- hood in his native county of Aberdeenshire and received his schooling chiefly in the city of Aber- deen. He remained at school until he had ar- rived at the age of eighteen years and then re- mained with his parents for about two years, as- sisting his father in the work and management of the home business. In 1879 he concluded to seek his fortune in the New World, and upon ar- riving in America made a visit to his uncle, the late Alexander Mitchell, the great banker and railroad president, residing in Milwaukee, Wis. While here he accepted a position with a large lumber company and was engaged in that em- ployment about two years. In 1881 he removed his residence to the then territory of Wyoming, establishing his headquarters in the city of Chey- enne. He looked over the country with a view to securing a satisfactory location and engage in business on his own account, and in the spring of 1882, he organized a joint stock company, known as the Milwaukee & Wyoming Investment Co. and incorporated it under the laws of Wisconsin and Wyoming. He became a stockholder in this corporation and was elected manager. Soon af- ter he purchased the ranch property on the North Laramie River, which he now owns and occupies, situated about eight miles west of Uva, Wyo., where the company engaged exclusively in rais- ing cattle and carried on very extensive opera- tions. He remained as manager of the company for about eight years and conducted its business with great success. In 1889 he resigned this po- sition, although holding an interest in the stock of the corporation, and removed to Casper, Wyo. Here he became the owner of an interest in the Wyoming Lumber Co., which operated exten- sively in that section of Wyoming, having yards at Casper, Douglas and Lusk. He erected the first building in Casper, occupying it both as an office and as a place of residence, and was the manager of the affairs of the lumber company at that place. In 1890 he was elected the first mayor of Casper, and continued in business there until 1892. Then he disposed of his lumber in- terests and returned to Scotland, whither he was called by the death of his father. He remained in Scotland for about two years, engaged in set- tling up his father's estate and during this time he was married. In 1894 he again returned to Wyoming accompanied by his wife, and became once more the manager of the cattle company which he had organized in 1882. In 1894 he pur- chased the entire capital stock of the company and carried on the business as an individual un- til 1896, when he organized the Mitchell Cattle Co., associating his brother, Ferguson S. Mitch- ell, with himself in the business. In 1898 he pur- chased the interest of his brother, and since that time has practically been the sole owner of the stock of the corporation. He has met with great success in his business operations and is con- sidered as one of the leading stockmen of the state, being the owner of a fine home ranch, com- prising some 4,000 acres of land, and controlling many thousands of acres under lease from the state. He confines his operations exclusively to cattle, and is a large owner of both range and stall-fed stock, having a large feeding ranch near Shelton, Neb.; where he prepares his cattle for the markets of the East and South. His ranch on the North Laramie River is one of the the finest in that section of the state, having a large modern residence and all the necessary buildings and improvements for the convenient handling of a large cattle business. On April 30, 1894, at his boyhood home in Aberdeenshire, PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 523 Scotland, Mr. Mitchell was united in marriage with Miss Jeannie Moir, a native of that country and the daughter of Robert and Jane (Fiddes) Moir, natives of Scotland and highly respected residents of Aberdeenshire. The father of Mrs. Mitchell followed the occupation of farming up to the time of his decease, which occurred in 1871. Her mother is still living, making her home in Aberdeenshire. To Mr. and Mrs. Mitchell three children have been born, Ruth, Jeannie and George R., all of whom are living, and their home is noted for the generous and gracious hospitality which is there dispensed to a large cir- cle of friends. Mr. and Mrs. Mitchell are mem- bers of the Presbyterian church, and are deeply interested in all measures of religion and charity in the community. Fraternally, Mr. Mitchell is affiliated with the Masonic fraternity, being a Thirty-second degree Mason and a member of the commandery of 'Knights Templar, No. 1, and of the consistory, No. 1, of the city of Chey- enne. He takes an active and prominent part in the fraternal and social life of his neighborhood. Politically, he is a stanch member of the Repub- lican party, one of the most trusted leaders of that political organization. In 1886, he repre- sented Laramie county in the Legislative Assem- bly of the territory and served the people during his term of office with ability and distinction. While a resident at Casper, Wyo., he was clerk of the District Court, and wherever tried, either in private or in public life, he has discharged his duty as a citizen, and as an official with ability and fidelity. Progressive, enterprising and suc- cessful, he is always interested in every measure calculated to promote the welfare. of the state, to develop its resources, or improve the condition of its people. No man in Wyoming holds a higher place in the esteem of all classes. WILLIAM J. MORSCH. Among the energetic stockmen of Con- verse county, Wyoming, none stands any higher in public esteem or is reaping better results from his industrious and persistent effort's than the very public spirited gentleman whose name heads this review. He comes of that good German stock whose qualities of thrift, indus- try and correct citizenship have been factors of great benefit in the building up of the Great West, his paternal grandfather, the emigrant, settling in LaSalle county, 111., in the early part of the nineteenth century and there passing his life in agricultural pursuits. His son, Ja- cob Morsch, a native of Baden, Germany, came in childhood with the family immigration, laboring in the homestead until his marriage with Elizabeth Smith, who was also a native of Baden, continuing his residence in LaSalle county until 1868, when he removed to De- Kalb county, where he and his wife still reside, having followed profitable farming all of his days, and having four sons and two daughters, of whom William J. was the second son. Edu- cated in the public schools of DeKalb county and remaining on the homestead farm of 600 acres, in 1892 W. J. Morsch came westward to Wyoming and direct to Douglas, engaging im- mediately in the raising of sheep, successfully following that vocation, with headquarters on his extensive ranch in Weston county, eighty- five miles distant from Douglas, until the pres- ent time, conducting his operations "with care and discrimination, being prospered as the symmetrical result of his systematic endeavors and maintaining a prominent and pleasant re- lation with a large number of business asso- ciates and friends and also being- held in high es- teem for his companionable and social qualities. He holds connection with the Republican 'political party, while fraternally he is united with the Freemasons, the Woodmen of the W r orld and the Modern Woodmen. On December 15, 1886, he was united in marriage with Esther A. Beitel, who was born in DeKalb county, Illinois, the daughter of a prominent farmer, Julius T. Bei- tel, a native of Pennsylvania. Their residence in Douglas is an artistic two-story building of modern architecture and improvements, beau- tifully situated and surrounded by a fine lawn and shade trees, making a lovely and attractive home for the three children, Edna E., Jesse J. .and Esther, while it is a center of gracious 5 2 4 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. and profuse hospitality. In business, social and society circles this family takes a harmo- nious place, every plan for social enjoyment or neighborhood betterment meeting their con- currence and aid. FRANK M. NEWELL. One of the most progressive and well-to-do ranch and stockraisers of Albany county, Wyoming, Frank M. Newell, whose address is Spring Hill, in that county, was born on Sep- tember 24, i860, in Black Hawk county, Iowa, being the son of Harrison J. and Sarah J. (Ben- ham) Newell, natives of Ohio. His father came to Iowa when he was a small child and was one of the earliest pioneers of the state, having been there during the Indian wars and at the time of the first white settlements west of the Mississippi River. In 1847 he removed his residence to Black Hawk county and en- gaged in farming operations, in which he con- tinued up to 1880, when disposing of his farm and other property in Iowa he came with his family to the territory of Wyoming. He pros- pected and mined for about four years in the vicinity of Eagle Mountain with varying suc- cess and in 1884 took up land on Horseshoe Creek, and entered upon the business of rais- ing cattle. He has continued there, engaged in the same pursuit "down to the present time, and has met with great success, being" now one of the representative business men and property owners of that section of the state. Frank M. Newell grew to manhood in Black Hawk county, Iowa, and also received his early education in its public schools. His opportunities for obtain- ing an education were somewhat limited dur- ing his early life, owing to his having to as- sist in the work and management of the home farm in Iowa, but he improved every oppor- tunity that was offered and has all his life been a student and a reader of books, thus making up in large measure the deficiencies of his childhood's early education. After coining to Wyoming he was occupied in prospecting and mining at Eagle Mountain and. vicinity until 1884, when he took up the ranch he now owns and occupies, situated in Horseshoe Park, one of the most favored sections of Wyoming. Here he engaged in raising cattle and has since been interested in that business, although not all of the time giving his personal attention to it. For two years he was occupied in the saw- mill business, and a portion of the time his other engagements required him to be in the East. During recent years, however, he has had his residence on the ranch on Horseshoe Creek, and for the greater portion of his time has given his personal attention to the man- agement of his property and stock interests. He is the owner of one of the finest ranches in that section of the state and is interested in both cattle and horses. He has a large and modern residence, with all modern conveni- ences, and his ranch is equipped in the best manner possible for the successful carrying on of an extensive livestock business. On De- cember 23, 1 881, Mr. Newell was united in marriage in Black Hawk county, Iowa, with Miss Eliza J. Stanton, a native of New York, who died on June 21, 1891, being buried at the family burying ground near their home. On May 21, 1893, he was again married at Doug- las, Wyo., his second wife being Miss Maggie Silver, a native of County Waterford, Ireland, and the daughter of Patrick and Catherine ( Mauraney) Silver, both natives of Ireland, and well-known and highly respected residents of that country. Her parents left their native land in 1866 and established their residence at Cedar Falls, Black Hawk county, Iowa, where they resided up to the time of their decease. The father passed away in December, 1894, and the mother also in March, 1902, and both are buried at Cedar Falls. Politically. Mr. Newell is identified with the Democratic party and takes an active and prominent part in public affairs. Without seeking or desiring public of- fice, he believes it to be the duty of every citi- zen to interest himself in the public business sufficiently to see that it is conducted honestly and in an efficient manner. He has often been solicited by his friends and party associates to PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 525 become a candidate for public position, but has invariably declined to do so, preferring to give his entire time and attention to the care and management of his large interests. He is a highly respected citizen of the community where he maintains his home and one of the' leading business men of Albany county. GEORGE STOLL. In reviewing the life-work of the "oldtimers"' of Wyoming there are many things to interest, entertain and instruct. To become a pioneer of a new country involves a life of hardship and en- durance, but it required the "pick and choice" of the country to attempt to become a pioneer of the Great West. Courage, endurance and skill had here to be combined with constant watchful- ness against a merciless and savage foe, whose attacks were made insiduously and without warn- ing, while nature here put on her most unpromis- ing mood, demanding incessant vigilance and an unremitting industry to unlock her portals of wealth. Mr. George Stoll, now of Henry's Fork, near Burnt Fork postoffice in Sweetwater coun- ty, is a true type of the early western pioneers and his experience covers a wide range of life, from the early gold operations of California to the quiet life of ranching in Western Wyoming. It is with the biographies of such men that the true historv of the state is connected, and the material prosperity that has come to him is but the natural reward of the labors wrought among the many dangers encountered in long years of activity and of the manifold hardships endured while assisting to lay broad and deep the founda- tions of civilization. Mr. Stoll was born in Germany on December 26, 1836, a son of John and Elizabeth (Lohr) Stoll. being the second of their three boys. His mother died when he yvas but eight years old and George very soon there- after crossed the Atlantic with his uncle, George Lohr, whose name he bore, and for about four years he was a member of the Lohr family in New York. When he was about fourteen years old the resolute and adventurous spirit of the lad induced him to take the voyage to California, and he sailed thither with Captain Madigan, on the good ship John Baring, arriving at San Francisco in May, 1 85 1, after a voyage of nine months. He at once yvent to the mines, where he successfully conducted mining for fully eleven years, amassing a fine return for his labors. In j 862 he went to the Nevada mines, folloyved min- ing until in 1863 he enlisted in the First Nevada Cavalry in General Connor's command, and with his regiment yvas in service at Fort Churchill, Salt Lake City and Fort Douglas during the time of the military operations brought on by the actions of the Mormons. In the spring of 1864 the troops came north, crossing the mountains near Burnt Fork and taking up their quarters at Fort Bridger, yvhere they acted as escorts and guards for the L T . S. mail-carriers until 1866, when they- returned to Fort Douglas and were mustered out. Mr. Stoll then engaged in the brewing business at Bridger, conducting this un- til 1868, when he yvent to Burnt Fork, taking up the place he noyv occupies as his home in 1870 and in 1873 he located here as the second perma- nent settler, Philip Mass being the only one resident here on his arrival. Mr. Stoll noyv holds in fee-simple 360 acres of most excellent land, yvhich he has brought to a high degree of im- provement, and here he for a long series of years has carried on lucrative cattleraising operations of large scope and importance. He has here yvrested a fortune from yvhat but a feyv years since yvas an unproductive yvilderness, and has recently practically retired from active business. He has ney-er taken an active part in politics nor sought political preferment, but has taken a deep interest in matters of the public and in local af- fairs, and has served most capably as a deputy sherift in the furtherance of layv and order for a number of years. He yvas married in Salt Lake City on March 20, 1866, to Miss Mary A. Smith, a daughter of William and Mary (Grimshaw) Smith, natives of England. Of the eleven chil- dren that came to the Stoll household, nine are living : George ; William ; John, yvhose family home is at the Shoshone agency in Wyoming ; Alice, yvife of H. E. McMillin ; Robert; Eliza- beth, wife of Fletcher Kirkendall, resides in $26 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. Idaho; Mary, now Mrs. Thomas Welch, of the Henry's Fork district; Edith and Lillie, while Daniel was killed by a deer at the age of six years and an infant died in early life. The busi- ness career of Mr. Stoll has been eminently for- tunate, and himself and family are good exem- plars of citizenship, enjoying the esteem and con- fidence of the public, while an air of bounteous h6spitality surrounds his attractive home, which is presided over with true womanly courtesy and dignified by the .cherished wife and mother. William Stoll, the second child of George and Mary A. (Smith) Stoll, was also born at Fort Briclger, on April 3, 1869, when it was an incor- porate part of the great territory of Dakota, and his education was acquired in the schools of Uinta and Sweetwater counties, supplemented by diligent home study and general reading. It may be said that he came up in the cattle busi- ness, as he was at an early age a valuable coad- jutor to his father in his operations, soon ac- quiring a competent knowledge and an experi- ence that was of value to him in his own later op- erations of raising and shipping horses and stock. Iv, 1894 he took up a homestead on the creek ad- joining his father's ranch, and, after properly arranging matters and providing a suitable resi- dence, on March 10, 1897, he was united in mar- riage with Miss Ida Sadlier and established bis bome upon his own ranch, which he has steadily and rapidly improved into a convenient and pleasant property and residence. Mrs. Stoll is a daughter of William and Emma (Edwards) Sadlier, her father being a native of Georgia and her mother of Utah. She herself was born at Melville, Utah, and they have three children, Ray W., Ruth and Edgar. Mr. Stoll is quite ex- tensively operating in the raising of graded Shorthorn and graded Hereford cattle, for ten years conducting a business of importance in shipping horses from Wyoming to Iowa, Mis- souri, Kansas, Nebraska, Colorado, Tennessee, Mississippi and Louisiana. His business life has been active and irreproachable and he is counted as one of the representative citizens and stockmen of this part of the state of Wyoming. George Stoll, Jr., the popular and ever agreeable postmaster of Burnt Fork postoffice, was born at Fort Bridger on April 20, 1867, and his parents are the venerable pioneers, George and Mary A. (Smith) Stoll, whose interesting life history is briefly outlined on preceding pages. Receiving the best advantages given in the district schools of Uinta and Sweetwater counties, it was an in- evitable result that he should become identified with stockraising, for this is the chief industry of this section of country and his father was one of the largest stockmen. He, however, conducted merchandising for a short time, abandoning it to give his entire- attention to his herd of finely graded Hereford cattle. In this industry he has been successfully employed from that time, giv- ing some time however to the shipping of horses to the eastern states. He took up his homestead in 1 901 and has commenced a systematic devel- opment of its possibilities, using care and a wise discrimination in all of his methods. He was made postmaster in 1895 and is now in office. Miss Lillian McDougall, a daughter of James and Jane (McColloch) McDougall, became his wife at Evanston, Wyo., on November 4, 1890, and their family consists of four children, Earl S., Frederick M., Alta M. and an infant un- named. Mrs. Stoll was born in Iowa, her pa- rents and a line of uncounted generations of an- cestry having been natives of Scotland.' The family is one of the highly respected ones of this section and laudably give assistance to every worthy cause of public or private character. FRANK W. STRONG. Among the rising young men of Laramie and the state of Wyoming, who by their en- ergy, enterprise, and progressive spirit are rap- idly coming to the front in the business life of the countv and doing so much to promote the development of the state, is Frank W. Strong, who is a native of Iowa, his birth oc- curring at Marshalltown on July 12, 1877. He is the son of Wesley A. and Mary E. (Smith) Strong, the former a native of Ohio and the latter of Illinois. His father was long engaged in railroading; in Iowa and removed his resi- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 527 dence in 1885 to Nebraska, where he estab- lished his home in the county of Cheyenne, purchased a farm and engaged in its cultiva- tion until 1895, when he disposed of his prop- erty in Nebraska and removed to Wheatland, Wyo., where he purchased a farm on Wheat- land plats, about five miles south of the city of Wheatland, and there continued successfully in farming and stockraising until March, 1901, when he sold his property on the Wheatland Flats and removed to the city of Wheatland, where he has since resided. Frank W. Strong received his early education in the public schools of Marshalltown, Iowa, and Cheyenne county, Neb., growing to manhood in the latter state. Coming to Wyoming- at the age of eighteen years he remained at home, assisting his father in the work and management of the farm at Wheatland Flats until 1898, when he engaged in farming on his own account in the same vi- cinity and also in cattleraising. The following year he disposed of his farming interests and took service with the Wyoming Development Co. of Wheatland, remaining in its employ until June, 1901. He then saw a favorable op- portunity to engage in business for himself in Wheatland and, resigning his position, at once began the erection of the buildings which he now occupies and upon their completion en- tered upon the livery and feed business, in which he has since been engaged. He has met with marked success in his undertaking, and although only one year has elapsed since he opened his place of business, he has by hard work, faithful attention and careful methods built up his enterprise until now he is trans- acting the principal part of the business in his line in the community where he resides. His success is an illustration of what pluck, indus- try, and business ability can accomplish in bringing a young man to the front in any pur- suit. Fraternally, Mr. Strong is affiliated with the Modern Woodmen of America, being a member of the lodge at Wheatland, and is also a member of the Fraternal Union of America. In all matters connected with the fraternal life of the community in which he resides, as well as in all measures calculated to benefit the city or promote the public welfare, he takes an active interest. He is one of the men who are sure to have a leading position in the business and public life of that section of Wyoming. HON. PATRICK SULLIVAN. Born in County Cork, Ireland, on March 17, 1865, no better representative of the abil- ity, wit, unbounded energy and the alert mental powers of the enthusiastic Irish race is found in a wide range of country than the distin- guished Patrick Sullivan of Natrona county, Wyoming, where his home and center of busi- ness activities. is maintained in the prosperous young city of Casper. His ancestors from time immemorial were Irish farmers, owning their own small estates and being people of character and consideration in their community. The four generations of the family that are sufficient to trace the lineage back to the eighteenth century are his great-grandfather, John Sullivan, his grandfather Timothy, his father John and then himself. His parents were John and Margaret (McCarthy) Sullivan and his early life was passed on the ancient home-' stead, lying in a most beautiful location, sixty miles west of the city of Cork on the beautiful bay of Bantry, where the tides of the great At- lantic ocean agitated the waters daily. Emi- grating in 1888, in that same year Mr. Sullivan came to Rawlins, Wyo., and at once identified himself with the sheep industry of the state. By his indefatigable diligence and by his earn- est zeal in whatever his hands found to do, he soon became proficient in the care of sheep, as conducted on the plains and in the valleys of Wyoming, and in 1890 he formed a partner- ship association with John Mahoney in stock operations, they purchasing a band of sheep in Uinta county and conducting operations, in a very prosperous way for two years, their flocks increasing in a highly satisfactory man- ner and their operations rapidly extending. In 1892 Mr. Sullivan made his home in Casper, where he has erected a model residence on the 528 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. border of the city, it being of the most recent architectural design, embracing all modern im- provements and conveniences, and being one of the attractive homes of the town, a place where the generous hospitality of the owner finds frequent exemplification, his numerous friends considering it one of the "bright spots'' of enjoyable life," the sunshine of the host be- ing amply increased by the courtesy and enter- taining society of the mistress of the house, who was, previous to her marriage to Mr. Sul- livan, on July 7, 1893, Miss Nan Mahoney, also of County Cork, Ireland, and born near the birthplace of her husband. Their children are named Margaret, Eileen, Catheline, Patricia and Evangeline. In business Mr. . Sullivan has never scattered his energies, sheep being his sole care and solicitude, and they have gener- ously repaid the efforts he has so long persist- ently and discriminately bestowed upon his en- deavor, feeding large bands in summer in the Big Horn Mountains and in winter on Salt Creek and numbering ofttimes as many as 30,000 sheep under his ownership. He is ac- counted one of the most brilliant and success- ful operators in his line in all this section of ■the state. Not alone as a leading stockman and public-spirited citizen, but as a man who has capably and efficiently served in places of high official station, Mr. Sullivan must be men- tioned. He has given two creditable adminis- trations as mayor of Casper, while in 1894 he was elected to. the lower house of the State Legislature, being again nominated to succeed himself, but declining the nomination, in 1898, however, being again elected to this office, while in 1901 the voters of his senatorial dis trict elected him to represent them in the State Senate for a term of four years. He has been conspicuous in his attention to the proper leg- islation for the interests of the people and the wishes of his constituents, and has ever been able to clearly set forth his reasons for his course, and his arguments for or against any proposed measure, in a manner to attract at- tention and win converts. Mis labors have • been 'marked and effective in the passage of laws beneficial to the sheep industry and his course has met public approval irrespective of party lines. At the present writing (1902) Mr. Sullivan is a member of the Governor's staff. Fraternally, he is a Thirty-second degree Ma- son, an Odd Fellow and a Woodman of the World. His business life has been one of con- tinued success, his sound practical judgment, shrewdness and sagacity have been clearly demonstrated, his keen, intuitive perception and reading of all phases of human nature are extremely accurate, and these qualities, cou- pled with an open-handed, generous disposi- tion, and an honesty of purpose in all his deal- ings that no love of gain could swerve, have won for him a great popularity and the unlim- ited esteem ^nd confidence of the public. LEWIS J. SWAN. Few residents of Wyoming can boast of a longer line of direct ancestry without broken link than can this representative sheepman and ster- ling citizen, whose residence and headquarters are located in the brisk little city of Douglas, Wyo. Existing documents show these facts : Charlemagne, the great Christian Emperor of the West, who was born A. D. 742, married for his third wife Hildegarde, and the complete gene- alogical record, tracing down from this marriage to Col. Charles Swan, son of John Swan, born in Loudoun county, Virginia, is in Mr. Swan's possession, the record having been compiled by the late Col. S. D. Swan, of Creston, Iowa, with the assistance of Henry Swan of Council Bluffs and Florence Swan Stever, the daughter of the late Col. S. D. Swan. For the purpose of our work, however, we will only trace the family to John Swan, who was born in Loudoun, Va., in 1721, the son of Joshua Swan, who married Elizabeth Lucas, had ten children and died in T799. Col. Charles Swan was the sixth child. born in Loudoun county in 1749. in 1772 he mar- ried with Sarah Van Meter. He was a man of large estates, a colonel in the Revolutionary War and is mentioned in connection with many im- portant and historic events oftentimes in old PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 529 documents, and about 1800 he purchased 1,300 acres of land in Kentucky, comprising the site of the present city of Lexington. So much of ancient history. L. J. Swan, now of Douglas, Wyo., was born in 'Greene county, Pa., on Octo- ber 19, 1846, the son of Jesse and Phebe (Jen- nings) Swan, both being natives of the Keystone state. Jesse Swan was the son of Charles Swan, a goodly portion of whose life was passed in Ohio and Kentucky. Jesse Swan removed from Pennsylvania to Illinois, rearing seven sons and three daughters and being a citizen of note until his death in 1857. The rest of the family remain- ing in Illinois, Mr. L. J. Swan came to Wyoming in 1874, locating in Cheyenne, making that city the headquarters for his extensive and cumula- tive stock business for about twelve years, in 1890 changing his base of operations to Douglas, having been in this vicinity since 1878, and con- tinued to run large herds of cattle until 1886, when he changed his cattle for sheep, in which he is now carrying on operations with success, his well-improved ranch property lying at the head of Box Creek, where he is running from 10,000 to 15,000 head of sheep. In May, 1886, occurred the marriage of Mr. Swan and Miss Emma Dyke, a native of England. They have one son, Roland. In 1862 Mr. Swan enlisted for service in the Union army of the Civil War, in Co. A. Seventy-seventh Illinois Infantry, with his regiment joining the Army of the Cumber- land at Covington, Ky., and accompanying it to Louisville and later to Memphis, from there in December, 1862, going to Vicksburg, where, un- der General Sherman, they were engaged in the fruitless efforts to capture the city, thereafter, under General McClelland, being engaged at the battle of Arkansas Post on January 11, 1863, thence returning to Young's Point opposite Vicksburg, where General Grant was organizing an expedition for the lower part of Mississippi, which they joined, taking part in the fierce bat- tles of "Fort Gibson, Champion Hills and Black River Bridge, then swinging back in the rear of Vicksburg, reaching the lines enveloping that doomed city and holding position until after the surrender of the" city on July 4, 1863, the next day joining the forces in pursuit of Joe Johns- ton, participating in the battle at Jackson, Miss., after the evacuation of Johnston returning to Vicksburg, where they remained some time, thereafter proceeding to Northern Louisiana and clown to New Orleans, then by the Gulf of Mexico to Matagorda Bay, Tex., returning to New Orleans in March 1864, and going with General Banks on the disastrous Red River ex- pedition, where on April 8, they were engaged in the bloody battle and defeat at Sabine Cross Boads, then returning to New Orleans, there remaining through the winter of 1864 and 1865, guarding the rebel prisoners in that city, in the spring of 1865 aiding in the capture of the city of Mobile, they were present at the surrender of Gen. Dick Taylor and then remained at Mobile until the close of the war and they were mustered out of service in July, 1865. Mr. Swan's cousin, Col. S. D. Swan, served through the Civil War, winning by, his gallantry promotion to the colonelcy of the Fourth Iowa Cavalry. Two of Mr. Swan's brothers were in the Civil War, Thomas in the Fourth Illinois, and John in the Seventy-Seventh Illinois. The latter died in the hospital in St. Louis in 1862. WILLIAM H. MENDENHALL. A soldier in the great Civil War and still bearing in his own person the marks of its bur- dens, William H. Mendenhall has a deep and abiding interest in the country he fought for and he has given the best efforts of his life to- ward its development and advancement wher- ever, he has lived. Comfortably located now, far from war's dread alarms, on a fruitful farm in the fertile region of Wyoming, known as Can- yon Springs Prairie, about twenty-five miles northeast of Newcastle, he gives himself to the triumphs of peace there won over obdurate nature through the application of skill and industry in the vocation of the husbandman. He was born on September 26, 1841, in Morgan county, Ohio, the son of Isaac and Jane (Kinsy) Men- denhall, the father being a native of Pennsyl- vania and the mother of New York. Early in 53Q PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. their married life they settled in Ohio, then the home and pregnant hope of the hardy pioneer, and. there were engaged in farming until death ended their labors, those of the mother in 1848 and of the father in 1891. Their son, William H. Mendenhall, remained on the homestead un- til he reached his majority, attending the pub- lic schools and doing his share of the farm work, and in youth learned the trade of a stone- mason, at which he worked in his native county until 1880, then came west to Nebraska and settled on a farm he bought in Webster county, where he was successfully engaged in farming for fifteen years, in 1895 removing to Wyoming, taking up his present ranch on Canyon Springs Prairie, which he has vastly improved both in the matter of its cultivation and its equipment for the purpose. It is a desirable property in location, in resources and in the improvements with which it is furnished and adorned. In 1861 Mr. Mendenhall promptly enlisted in Co. H, Twenty-fifth Ohio Infantry, as a soldier for the Union in the Civil War and remained in the service a year, until he was discharged on ac- count of disability caused by a wound received at the battle of Cheat Mountain, W.Va., after a military career as gallant as it was short. On January 3, 1863, in Morgan county, Ohio, he was married to Miss Mary Fowler, a native of that state, of Mar}dand ancestry,- her father, Joseph Fowler, having been born in Maryland, a scion of a family long and prominently known in its annals. Her mother was Avis (Rossell)' Fowler, the daughter of a prosperous shoe mer- chant of Morgan county, Ohio, who conducted a leading business there until the death of his wife in 1851, when he removed to Virginia, and in that state passed the remainder of his days, dying in 1 Mr. and Mrs. Mendenhall have had nine children, Leicester B., deceased ; Emily Luella, Joseph J., deceased; Charles O., Rachel A., Clarence H. E. V., James F., Maggie M., Nina A. Two of the sons, Charles and Herbert, have farms adjoining that of their parents, while James works at home in a leading way. Mr. Mendenhall belongs to the Orientals in fra- ternal relations and he is an ardent Republican. C. H. GRINNELL. To New Bedford, Massachusetts, we look in part for the ancestry of C. H. Grinnell, the alert and capable city marshal of Sheridan, Wyoming, the subject of this sketch. The rest- less population of that city, whose all-daring and well nigh all-conquering enterprise lays Arctic seas and western wilds under tribute as proper fields for its triumphs, has been the chief source of the whale-fishing industry in this country for nearly two centuries. It has also gone forth to many frontiers as the advance guard of the coming army of civilization, win- ning in contest with the difficulties and trials there encountered victories as signal, as con- tinuous and as comprehensive as any there may be to its credit in other domains of energetic action. Mr. Grinnell was born at New Bedford on October 22, 1847, tne son 0I Frank and Marion W. (Johnson) Grinnell, the former also a native of New Bedford, and the latter of Ra- leigh, N. C. The father was born in 1820 and the mother three years later. She died in 1893 at the age of seventy years ; he is still living, aged eighty, at Yellow Springs, Ohio, whither he removed from his native city in 1855, when his son, C. H. Grinnell. was eight years old. There the son was educated and passed his youth and early manhood. After leaving school he was employed in railroad work for three years and then engaged in farming in Ohio until 1875. At that time he moved to Illinois, and, settling near Chicago, for five years con- ducted a dairying business with success and profit, although the competition was sharp and active. In 1880 he came to Wyoming and took up a preemption claim of land on a portion of which the city of Sheridan now stands. He at once began an enterprising stock industry, which he carried on vigorously and successfully until 1899, serving also during a large part of the time as superintendent of the Grinnell Live Stock Co. In T899 lie turned his especial at- tention to building and contracting, laying out the Grinnell addition to Sheridan, and erect- ing many of the best and most substantial PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 53i houses in the town. He still owns 150 acres of land, much of which is in the city limits of Sheridan, and he also owns valuable residence and business property in the town. The city and the county and all that affects their welfare are dear to his heart, and to their advancement he has given active and intelligent support. In politics he was a Democrat until 1896, when he came out of the cataclysm of that year trans- muted into an ardent Republican, and has held to the faith of his new party continuously from that time. On its ticket in 1902 he was elected city marshal and the water commissioner of Sheridan, and is at this writing (1903) in the active discharge of his duties, performing them with satisfaction to the community as well as with credit to himself. In fraternal relations Mr. Grinnell is a member of the order of Free- masons and of the order of Elks. He was mar- ried in Chicago in 1873 to Miss Clara Saberton, a native of that city and daughter of Joseph and Eliza (Hodson) Saberton, natives of Eng- land. They had three children, Marion W., deceased ; Joe S., a civil engineer in Alaska ; Lawrence R. The marshal is a member of the Old Settlers' Club. Mrs. Grinnell died in March, 1902, aged forty-seven years. THOMAS P. SWEET. One of the first three settlers in the neigh- borhood where he lives, and the only one of the oldtimers left, Thomas P. Sweet of the Beaver Creek region, is a connecting link be- tween the peaceful present and the not dis- tant but exciting fruitful past' of Eastern Wyoming. He has been so closely identified with the growth and development of that por- tion of the state, and in so leading a way, that he is looked up to by all as a patriarch in its history, and his own record is largely written, in enduring and pleasing phase, in its fertility, productiveness, commercial activity and su- perior civil and educational features. He came from far away Rhode Island, where he was born on December 18, 1846, in Providence county. There also his parents, Thomas P. and Amey (Wade) Sweet, had their nativity, and there they were engaged in successful farming, as farming goes in New England, un- til their death. Thomas P. Sweet remained on the homestead, attending the public schools and assisting with the farm work until he passed the seventeenth anniversary of his birth, then, in February, 1864, he enlisted in the Union army as a member of the Third Rhode Island Artillery, and served until the close of the war, being mustered out in August, 1865. His army experience was almost wholly in the far Southern states, his command being nearly all the time in South Carolina. After his dis- charge he returned to his native county and there engaged in farming and lumbering until the autumn of 1868, when he made a trip to California by the way of the Isthmus of Pan- ama. He passed six years in California min- ing, hunting, trapping and farming and in 1874 removed to Oregon, where during the next two years, he followed the same pursuits. In the spring of 1876 he returned to Rhode Island and, after a visit of a year among his old friends and the scenes of his childhood and youth, again turned his face westward and came to South Dakota, locating at Battle Creek, where he passed a year prospecting and placer mining. He then removed to Custer county in that state and in the fall of 1878 was elected sheriff of the county. When he qualified and entered upon the duties of his office, he took up his residence in the town of Custer and soon after the end of his two-years' term came over into Wyoming and settled on a ranch near the one which he now occupies on Stockade Beaver CreeK. He did not at first fancy cattleraising, but began to cultivate the soil for market gardening and was quite successful at the business, not only seeing his labors rewarded by abundant yields, but find- ing a ready and profitable market lor all his products. There were but two ranches on the creek when he settled there, the great expanse of country being still virgin and untamed, and he is the only one now left of those who first laid it under tribute to civilized man's necessi- 532 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. ties. His was the breadth of view that saw its possibilities and his the guiding spirit that called them into being. Whatever the region is as an agricultural domain, a herdman's com- fort and a civic entity, it owes to him and kin- dred spirits, who built the foundations of its coming greatness and breathed its ethical and political form into sentient and responsive life. In 1882, one year after his location in the neighborhood, he took up his present ranch on the Stockade Beaver, seven miles east of Newcastle, and after devoting his energies for a number of years to market gardening, he be- gan raising stock, at first horses and after- wards cattle, in both of which he has had good success. In 1884 he erected a sawmill near his ranch, harnessing a fine water-power to its uses, and since that time has conducted it in connection with his other industries. Mr Sweet is a Republican in politics, but not an active partisan. He is deeply interested in the welfare of the community but is principally oc- cupied with his own affairs, giving attention to local matters in a general rather than a party way. He is a member of the Grand Army of the Republic, but is not actively con- nected with any other fraternal organization. On March 8, 1892, at Newcastle, Wyo., he bowed beneath the flowery yoke of Eros and was united in marriage with Mrs. Viola (John- son) Hannum, a native of Ohio and daughter of Levi and Frances (Roach) Johnson. Three children have blessed their union, Stella M., Fred T. and Delia Naomi. Mrs. Sweet's par- ents were of old Ohio and Pennsylvania stock, sturdy and substantial, where they lived and were imbued with the spirit of enterprise that has sent the pioneers forward all over our land and replaced the wilds with the fruits, the flowers and the enduring blessings of enlight- ened and progressive civilization. CHARLES S. THOMAS. One of the prominent business men of the state of Wyoming, one whose energy, enter prise and business ability are rapidly accumu- lating for him a handsome fortune and giving him a place in the foremost ranks of the prop- erty owners of his section of the state, Mr. Charles S. Thomas, a leading stockman of Egbert, Wyo., was born on February 12, 1859, a native of Wales, Great Britain, and a son of Cadwallader and Ellinor (Morris) Thomas, both being natives of the little mountain country, whose sons and daughters in so many in- stances have won distinction, in all portions of the world and in every walk of life. Flis father was engaged in farming and cattledealing in his native country and for many years of his active life he was quite largely interested in contracting and upon an extensive scale. He was one of the large contractors who had charge of the great work of constructing the first tunnel through the mountains of the Alps, between France and Switzerland, and was en- gaged in many like enterprises, both in Great Britain and on the continent of Europe. In 1878 the parents of Charles S. Thomas emi- grated, coming to America. Upon arriving in this country they first established themselves at Cleveland, Ohio, where the father engaged in merchandising successfully up to the time of his death in March, 1880. The mother sur- vived for many years and after the death of her husband removed to Wyoming, where she made her home with her son, Charles, until she passed away at a ripe old age on August 26, 1899, and she is buried in the city of Cheyenne. Mr. Thomas grew to man's estate in his na- tive country and received his early academical training in the schools of that country and England. After completing his course of study in the graded schools, he matriculated at college and enjoyed the benefit of a thorough course of collegiate training before coming to America. When he had attained to the age of nineteen years, he accompanied his parents to the New World and established his home with them in the city of Cleveland. Ohio. Here he first secured employment in a large meat market and he remained there following that employment for about one year. In 1879, believing- that in the country further west he PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 533 could find large opportunities for advancement in business, he removed to Denver, Colo. Here he became a foreman for Chamberlain & Acher, wholesale and retail dealers in meats and sup- plies, and one of the largest houses operating in that section of the country. He remained in that position until the spring of 1880, when he resigned and came to the city of Cheyenne, Wyo. Arriving in that city in April he accepted a position as manager of the large business house then opened there by James Tynan, a capitalist and merchant, who dealt in cattle, hides and general supplies and had a large gov- ernment contract to furnish beef supplies for the military post at Fort Laramie. Mr. Thomas had entire charge of this extensive business for about two years, then purchased the business and carried it on with marked success up to 1896. He gradually extended his business oper- ations, dealing in cattle, hides and supplies and carrying a large stock of merchandise in the line of groceries and provisions, his business be- ing one of the most extensive in that section of the country. He also had contracts from the United States for the supply of beef to the mili- tary post at Fort Russell and other military posts in Wyoming'. During this time he became interested in the business of ranging and cattle- raising, which he conducted with great success, his ranches and herds being in charge of a fore- man, while he was personally supervising his extensive merchandising operations. In 1896 his cattle interests had increased to such an ex- tent and had proved so profitable that he dis- posed of his store and business in Cheyenne for the purpose of giving his personal attention to his live stock interests, and then removed his residence from Cheyenne to his present ranch property, about twenty-nine miles east of that city. Here he has made his home since that time and has been very successful in all his business enterprises, owning large interests in both cattle and sheep and being one of the heav- iest individual cattledealers in the state. He is now in partnership in business with his brother, John Thomas, and they are owners of large tracts of land in Laramie county and elsewhere in Wyoming and, in addition to their live stock holdings, are part owners in several successful merchandising establishments in Cheyenne. They are also largely interested in real-estate in that city, being the owners of a number of business blocks and city residences, and are considered as among the substantial business men and property owners of the state. On June 1, 1892, at Stockville, Neb., Mr. Thomas was united in marriage with Miss Meroa Riggs, a native of Iowa, the daughter of Charles and Lillian (Stowitts) Riggs, both natives of New York. Her father is a successful contractor and builder, who removed from New York to Iowa, where he engaged in contracting for a number of years and then moved to Nebraska, where he has since been engaged in business at Stock- ville, where he maintains his home. He is one of the leading citizens of that section of Ne- braska. Mr. and Mrs. Thomas have four chil- dren, Robert M., John C, Grace L. and Lewis Charles, all of whom are living, and the family home is noted for its many comforts and for its gracious and generous hospitality. The fam- ily are members of the Methodist Episcopal church and are deeply interested in all works of charity and religion in the community where they reside, being noted for their many acts of kindness and charity to the unfortunate. Po- litically, Mr. Thomas is a stanch adherent of the Republican party and takes an active and prominent part in the party and in the conduct of public affairs. He is one of the most trusted of the leaders of the party in Wyoming and has been largely instrumental in shaping the policy of that political organization in Laramie county during recent years. For many years he held the highly important position of state sheep in- spector and discharged the duties of the position with ability and to the entire satisfaction of the. stockmen of Wyoming. He has often been solic- ited by his neighbors and political friends to ac- cept other positions of trust and honor within the gift of his party, but he has firmly declined to permit his friends to bring him forward, pre- ferring to devote himself to the management of his large business enterprises. No man in his 534 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. section of Wyoming stands higher in the esti- mation of the people of the state, or could more easily achieve high public honors. WINFIELD S. WALN. One of the most favored sections of Wyo- ming is the Horseshoe Creek country in Laramie county. It would be difficult to find anywhere in the entire West a section better fitted by na- ture for the cattle industry, and its advantages have naturally attracted a large and prosperous settlement of thrifty and successful men. Promi- nent among this number is Winfield S. Wain, whose address is Glendo, Wyo. A native of Put- nam county, Indiana, he was born on June 6, 1852, the son of William, and Leah (Wilkinson) Wain, both natives of Ohio. His parents re- moved from Ohio in very early life to Indiana, where the father was engaged in contracting and building. Subsequently they removed to Keo- kuk, Iowa, where the father continued in the same pursuit until 1854, when he removed to Osage county, Kan., still following the same call- ing. At the time of the breaking out of the Civil War, he enlisted as a member of the Kansas militia for the defense of the Union, and was killed in battle in 1864, near Lawrence, during Price's raid through Eastern Kansas. After his death the mother disposed of her property in Kansas and returned to Putnam county, Ind. A year later they removed to Iowa, purchased a farm in Marion county, and there remained up until the mother's decease, which occurred in September, 1898. She is buried at Knoxville, Iowa. Winfield S. Wain grew to manhood in Indiana, Iowa and Kansas and received his early education in the public schools of the two former states. His opportunities for attending school were very limited for he was early compelled to contribute by his labor to the support of his mother and the family. He remained at home on the farm in Iowa until he had attained to the age of seventeen years, and in 1869 determined to seek his fortune in the country farther west and came to Cheyenne, Wyo. Securing em- ployment on a sheep ranch near that city, he re- mained in that occupation for a short time and then accepted a position with the oldtime freighter, John Hunton, and conducted freigh- ting operations between Cheyenne and the com- mercial points farther to the north. He contin- ued in this business for about one year and in 1870 returned to his former home in_ Iowa, where he remained for about one year managing his mother's farm, at the end of that time he re- turned to Wyoming. Here he engaged in freighting between Cheyenne and the northern points until 1883 and for most of this time he was in business for himself. In 1881 he pur- chased a place adjoining his present ranch on Horseshoe Creek, and used it as a stop-over point in his freighting operations. In 1883 he disposed of that place and located the ranch which he now owns and occupies, about thirteen miles southwest of Glendo. Here he has since been continuously engaged in cattleraising, in which he has met with great success. He is now the owner of one of the best stock ranches in that section of the state and his business is steadily increasing. On February 28, 1880, in Marion county, Iowa, Mr. Wain was united in marriage with Miss Clara Goodwin, also a native of Putnam county, Indiana, and a daughter of James and Catherine (McVey) Goodwin, also natives of that state. The father of Mrs. Wain was long engaged in farm- ing in Putnam county and afterwards he re- moved to Marion county, Iowa, where he con- tinued in the same pursuit up to the time of his decease, which ' occurred in 1881. The mother now makes her home in Marion county. To Mr. and Mrs. Wain have been born eight chil- dren, Arthur, Edith, Walter, James, Benjamin H., Eunice, George F. and Roy, and the home is one noted for its hospitality and for the enter- tainments given there to the young people of the community. The family are members of the Methodist Episcopal church, and take an active interest in all works of charity and religion in the neighborhood where they reside. Politically, Mr. Wain is identified with the Republican party, and is a conscientious believer in the politi- cal principles of this organization. PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 535 AMOS E. ADAMS. A native of Kane county, Illinois, where he was born on August 16, 1842, and a member of the celebrated Massachusetts family of the name which gave two presidents to the United States, Amos E. Adams of Lander has well sustained the traditions and forceful qualifications of man- hood in the great state from which he hails and the renowned kinship to which he belongs. His parents, Elisha and Eliza (Allen) Adams were born and reared in New York where the father was an industrious and faithful blacksmith and a devout preacher in the Methodist Episcopal church. They were the parents of eleven chil- dren and, after years of usefulness in their native state, removed to the West, where they died, the mother in 1878 and the father in 1888. Amos E. Adams, their eighth child in the order of birth, was educated in the public schools of Iowa, where the family was domiciled at the time, later attending for one term the State University at Fayette in that state. He was, however, obliged to leave school and make his own way in the world, so learned the miller's trade and worked at it while yet a boy in Illinois and Nebraska. In 1880 he came to Wyoming and, locating at Lander, built a mill in that town which he con- ducted for five years. Finding the business un- profitable, he sold out and became a stockman and rancher, his favorite breed being thorough- bred Herefords. With these he has been suc- cessful, and, while giving the best part of his time and energy to their care on the ranch, in or- der to secure good school facilities for his chil- dren he has a winter residence in Lander, at the corner of Garfield and First streets, a fine stone house of ample size, and pleasing proportions and adornment. On June 20, 1874, he was mar- ried at Geneva, 111., to Miss Jane I. Middleton, a daughter of Thomas and Jeannette (Fair) Middleton, and a descendant of two of the old families that figured prominently in the long wars of the Scottish border. Mr. and Mrs. Adams have had three children, all of whom are living, William T., the register of the land-office at Lan- der, of whom more extended notice is given on another page of this volume, Lillie M., now wife of S. P. Asbell, a prominent cattleman of Uinta county, and Edward L., still at home. Mr. Adams is a progressive, wide-awake man, full of business energy and capacity, who illustrates in his make-up and record the sterling qualities of the daring pioneer and the useful citizen. JOSEPH W. ALLEN. ■ In the veins of Joseph W. Allen of the Sol- dier Creek region of Wyoming the blood of the sturdy Englander and that of the courtly Vir- ginian are commingled, for his father, George H. Allen, was an Englishman by nativity and his mother, Lamira J. (Oliver) Allen, was born and reared in the Old Dominion, the daughter of a family long resident there and bearing its due part in behalf of the state and its people in peace and war. Mr. Allen's life began on Nor vember 3, 1856, near Salt Lake City, Utah. His father was one of the first settlers in the Mor- mon dominions and suffered all the hardships and privations that attended this wonderful peo- ple in their early days in this part of the world. He was married in Salt Lake City and passed the remainder of his days near that city en- gaged in farming. He was gathered to his fathers in 1867 and buried at Ogden, amid the scenes and institutions he loved and had helped to make glorious through trial and triumph. His widow survived until 1900, dying then at Butte, Mont., where her remains repose. Their son, Joseph, was educated in the Salt Lake City schools and, after completing as much of their course of training as his opportunities allowed, he removed in 1870 with his mother and six of her other children to southeastern Nevada, where he worked in the mines. In 1880 he came to Wyoming and after spending about six months in Johnson county, returned to Nevada and remained two years. In 1882 he went to Custer county, Mont., and there rode the range for three years. At the end of that time he came again to Wyoming and, taking up his resi- dence in that portion of Johnson county that is now Sheridan county, he rode the range and 536 PROGRESSIVE MEN. OF WYOMING. worked on a ranch until July, when he took up the ranch he now owns and occupies on Sol- dier Creek, about eleven miles west of the city of Sheridan. The next year he settled perma- nently on his ranch and has made it his home continuously since that time. He has 300 acres under cultivation and raises large herds of su- perior cattle. In the management of his es- tate he gives exhibition of skillful husbandry and a studious attention to all modern thought and experience in his business, winning success on a liberal scale and deserving it all. The ranch is highly improved and is considered one of the most valuable and attractive places along the creek. Mr. Allen was united in marriage with Miss Annie J. Allen at Sheridan, Wyo., on January 3, 1898. She seconds by her skill and graceful hospitality in the house all his enter- prising and progressive efforts elsewhere about the place, joining in making their home the fa- vorite resort it has been for their numerous friends. In politics Mr. Allen is a confirmed Democrat, but not an office-seeker or narrow partisan, seeking the welfare of the county and country in which he lives rather than the suc- cess of any party faction, and being esteemed for his good business capacity, high character and agreeable social qualities. W. S. AVERY. A sterling descendant of one of the founders of the Connecticut colony, whose ancestors have been distinguished people in almost every line of professional and industrial activity in the Nut- meg state from early colonial days, the ancient and solid residence of James Avery, the English emigrant and founder of the American family, which was erected before 1700, being recently burned on the old Avery homestead in the town of Groton in that state, William S. Avery, the capable young manager of the Frontier Supply Co. well merits attention. Members of the fam- ily have been conspicuously identified with the military service, both as officers and as privates, in every war America has conducted from the French and Indian Wars and the King Philip's War of New England down through the Revo- lution, War of 1812 and the Mexican War to the great Civil War of 186 1-5 and the recent Span- ish-American contest. Equally important has it shown itself in civil fields of enterprise, every- where and on all occasions presenting loyalty, business capacity, integrity of purpose, manly courage and sterling independence. William S. Avery, now of Frontier, Wyoming, was born in South Windsor, Conn., on September 26, 1864, the son of Henry W. and Abigail (Ladd) Avery, his mother being a daughter of Samuel T. and Amelia (Bearce) Ladd, also descendants from ancient families of the colony. Mr. Avery was the fourth in a family of five children, and re- ceived an excellent education in the graded and high schools of Manchester, Conn., paying espec- ial attention to the technical study of engineer- ing. In 1 88 1 he came to Wyoming and identified himself with the engineering, department of the Union Pacific Railroad at Cheyenne as a civil en- gineer, continuing to give most excellent satis- faction, and here he remained for eight years. He then became the manager of the store of the coal company at Van Dyke, one year later going to Montana where he was engaged in merchan- dising for two years, thence returning to Wyo- ming in 1897 and locating at Frontier and assum- ing the duties of his responsible position as man- ager of the store. When the postoffice of Fron- tier was established in 1900 he was commissioned as its postmaster, and to the duties of these posi- tions he has devoted his entire attention, being a man of excellent business capacity and one well worthy the success which has attended his ef- forts. As a Democrat he takes an active part in politics and in public matters, while fraternally he has ascended the Masonic stairway to the Knights Templar degree, also to the Thirty-sec- ond degree of the Scottish Rite, being also a noble of the Mystic Shrine. Mr. Avery wedded in Connecticut on October 31, 1894, Miss Nettie House, being a daughter of Whiting and Alcina (Shurtliff) House, all natives of Connecticut. Tn their home the old fashioned virtues of their New England ancestry bloom and flourish in a PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 537 JOHN P. BYRNE. The second son of Moses and Catherine (Cardon) Byrne, who is extensively engaged in stockraising on his productive ranch on the Big Muddy, two miles south of Piedmont, Uinta county, Wyoming, was born in Slatersville, Utah, on March 31, 1857. Inheriting from his able ancestors keen perceptive faculties, courage, self-reliance, thrift and sagacity, his practical spirit led him in early youth, after receiving the educational advantages of the public schools of Wyoming, to devote himself to acquiring a knowledge of stockraising by connecting himself with that industry as a herdsman of cattle. Dur- ing the years in which he followed this vocation he acquired a valuable knowledge of the busi- ness and, in 1884, he located himself upon a des- ert claim of 120 acres, where he still maintains his residence. This property he has greatly im- proved and developed, adding to it by purchase 640 acres of land, while in his agricultural oper- ations he utilizes a large amount of acreage which he leases. Mr. Byrne has devoted himself to the raising of cattle Of a high grade as a specialty, and has made valuable improvements upon his property to afford suitable accommo- dations and facilities for his profitable branch of stockraising. He has a business acquain- tance extending over a wide area of country, and is familiar with the resources as well- as the needs of the section. His perseverance and de- termination, coupled with intelligence and capa- bility have wrought out for him a degree of suc- cess of which he may well be proud. On St. Valentine's day, in 1884, a happy concourse of friends in Piedmont, Wyo., witnessed the nuptial ceremony of Mr. Byrne and Miss Edith A. Clair, a native of England, a commencement of a wed- ded life that has continued to the present with the utmost harmony. Eight children are living of ten that have b.een born of their union. The ' names in order of birth are as follows : John W., died at the age of two years; Maud I., Lewis P., Nellie C, died at the age of seven years ; Mabel V. ; Robert C. ; Edna M. ; Walter M. ; Mamie E. ; Henry R. In political matters Mr. Byrne affiliates with the Democratic party, and with his family is connected with the Church of the Latter Day Saints. In using his privi- leges as a citizen he looks more to men and principles than to party, and supports for office only those whom he believes to be worthy. By persevering industry and consecutive attention to the line of business activity he early marked out for himself, he has attained competence, a position of influence, is surrounded by material evidence of prosperity, being now honored and respected by a large circle of friends, while his home is noted for its hospitality. JOHN BILLCOX. Among the excellent citizens of South Pass City, Wyoming, no one occupies a higher place in public regard, or is more entitled to commem- moration as a gallant defender of the Union in the great Civil War, than the unassuming gen- tleman whose name stands at the head of this article. Mr. Billcox was born in England on February 12, 1844, a son of Joseph and Eliza Billcox. From the exigencies of existence he left his parental home in very early life, coming to Canada when but five years of age, here ac- quiring his education and being employed in var- ious laudable occupations until the opening of the war between the states on this side of the in- ternational boundary, when his sympathies being interested on the side of the Union, he enlisted in 1862 in Co. A. Ninth Vermont Infantry, im- mediately accompanying it to the army of the Po- tomac and participating in the most sanguinary series, of battles known to history, bravely con- ducting himself in the face of the enemy and be- ing captured at Harper's Ferry and paroled on the field. Thereafter he was at the taking of Richmond and in that celebrated capital of the Confederacy he was honorably discharged from service on June 13, 1865. Returning to civil life he was located at Chicago until 1868 and in 1869 he came to South Pass City, Wyo., and en- gaged in mining. Here he has since resided, on October 20, 1873, adding to his prosperity by his happy marriage with Mrs. Ellen (Dawson) 538 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. Cary, a native of Ireland and the daughter of Martin and Mary (Ryan) Dawson, her father dying in her early infancy and she coming to the United States a few years later, in 1863, with her mother and stepfather, Patrick Flynn, thereafter marrying John Cary and removing to South Pass City in 1869, being the mother of two chil- dren by this marriage, Mary A. who died in in- fancy, and Nellie A., now the wife of Joseph Gaston of South Pass City. From the vicissi- tudes of his army life and the manifold ex- posures connected therewith, about fifteen )^ears ago Mr. Billcox lost his sight, an event of more than ordinary misfortune to a person of his active temperament, as he was a very public spirited in- dividual, taking earnest part in and sustaining methods and plans for increasing the welfare of the community, and an earnest worker in the ranks of the Republican party. Mrs. Billcox is a lady of great intelligence and practical ability, having received a good education and through reading of the best literature she is keeping her- self well informed on the vital questions of the day, excelling also in the matronly duties of the fireside and the care of her children. She is the owner of the Franklin mine, has long been pros- perously connected with the cattle industry of the state and in the pleasant home a bounteous hos- pitality is ever in evidence. Six children have come to her present union, Emma, wife of Lloyd McGettrick of Dubois, Wyo. ; Jennie T., wife of Guy Hoisington of South Pass ; Mary L., wife of Elmer Vosburg ; Mina E., wife of John McOmie of South Pass; Josephine M., wife of Silas Yardnell ; John William. JOHN G. BORNER. One of the highly respected and well-to-do farmers and stockgrowers of Bighorn county, whose career furnishes an interesting theme for the pen of the biographer, is John G. Borner, whose beautiful and well-improved ranch of 360 acres is located at the mouth of Grey Bull River and is almost wholly the product of his individ- ual enterprise, thrift and systematic industry. All the scenes and associations of his early life are foreign to our country and the hopes that animated his childhood and youth probably had no American coloring, for he was born, reared and educated in Saxony, Germany, where his par- ents, Tobias and Annie (Gerhart) Borner, long lived and flourished, and where the bones of his ancestors of countless generations rest. When he reached man's estate he longed for a sight of the great world that lay beyond his native hills and vales, and with the courage and deter- mination of his race resolved to have it. The great republic across the Atlantic was then the land of hope and promise to all the European world, and to this he came in 1859, finding a home and profitable occupation on a farm in Wisconsin. In 1861 he promptly obeyed the first call for volunteers and enlisted in Co. A, Twelfth Wisconsin Infantry. After a service of two years in this regiment he was dicharged and returned to his Wisconsin home. But the war was at its height and the feeling of patriotism strong in his breast, so he reenlisted in the Fif- tieth Wisconsin, and served in that command until the close of the war. Then, when the great armies of the contending sections were again resolved into the ordinary currents of life and seeking among the white harvests of peace- ful industry forgetfulness of the red fields of battle, whereon great questions of human des- tiny had been settled, Mr. Borner came across the plains and settled at Salt Lake City. Two years later, in 1867, he came to Wyoming and, locating at South Pass, engaged in mining for two years. From that point he moved to the present site of Lander and homesteaded land which is now a part of the county poorfarm. On this he passed ten prosperous years engaged in raising stock and farming, bringing his land to a high state of development and furnishing it with good buildings and other improvements, and in 1887 he sold it to the state. He then took up his residence in the Bighorn basin on the land which he now occupies at the mouth of Grey Bull River, and to the development of this property he has since devoted himself. He owns 360 acres of good bottom land, much of which is under cultivation and vields abundant tSSM J. G. BORNER. PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 539 crops, and he handles on it large bands of fine cattle and horses. While absorbed in his busi- ness and giving it close, careful and systematic attention, Mr. Borner welcomes the recreation and enjoyment which comes from social and fraternal intercourse. He is an interested mem- ber of the Masonic fraternity and of the Grand Army of the Republic, and an active supporter of all good enterprises for the benefit of the community. At Lander in 1871 he was married to Miss Lena Canary, a native of Ohio. They have seven children, May, Tobias, Frances, The- resa, Hannah, Bertie and William, all living. MILO BURKE. Milo Burke, one of the leading stockmen and most influential citizens of his section of Wyo- ming, has been identified with the stock industry all of his mature life. He was born on January 10, 1866, at North Platte, Neb., whither his pa- rents, John and Margaret Burke, came from Germany soon after their marriage, and where they lived and prospered, rejoicing in the en- larged opportunities they enjoyed in the land of their adoption, and making the most of them through thrift and industry. There, in his na- tive place, their son Milo grew to manhood and was educated, and there he engaged in the stock business as soon as he left school and continued in it until 1883, when he came to Wyoming and took charge of the X Cattle Company's interest in this part of the country until 1887, giving ex- cellent service to the company and also securing for himself a high reputation as a stockman of superior capacity and fertile in resources, as well as a man of fine integrity and straightforward- ness in every relation of life. In 1887 he started a stock enterprise for himself, locating on Ten- sleep River, where he now lives and where he has a ranch of 1,300 acres, well improved and brought to a high state of cultivation. When he settled in the neighborhood it was as yet almost unsubdued to the uses of civilized life, needing the application of just the energetic and sys- tematic industry he has given it, under which it has been made to "blossom as' the rose" com- pared with its former condition. Here, from the very waste and heart of the wilderness he has carved out an estate of such proportions, natural and acquired beauty and symmetrical improve- ment and cultivation, that it is considered one of the most beautiful and desirable stock ranches in the state. In justice it must be said also that his cattle and horses are in keeping with the ver- dant and picturesque acres on which they have their home. He has 600 fine, well-bred cattle and 100 horses of superior breeds, all kept in the best condition by abundant food and the most careful and intelligent attention. He has also on his estate a sawmill of good proportions, which is kept busy at all times by the demands of this growing and productive portion of the county. In these ways, and others, Mr. Burke has con- tributed, and is contributing, to the development and improvement of Bighorn county, especially his immediate surroundings. His public spirit and breadth of view in local affairs, and in all that pertains to the welfare of the community in which he lives, have long been manifest in every line of productive energy and have made a visible and permanent mark on the commercial and industrial activities. In things that conduce to the advancement of his neighborhood and the convenience of its people he has ever been active and forceful as a promotive factor. He was among the potent influences in installing the. telephone system in Tensleep, being a member of the company which controls and conducts it. Fraternally, he is associated with 'the Modern Woodmen of America, and in politics is a ser- viceable and zealous Democrat, but is by no means a seeker of official position. He was once elected to the state legislature, but declined to serve. On August 27, 1887, he was married to Miss Bessie Tannehill of Kansas City, where the marriage occurred. She was a native of Illinois, and a daughter of John A. and Elizabeth (Lynn) Tannehill, natives of Pennsylvania and Ohio. Her mother is dead and her father now resides with Mr. and .Mrs. Burke, who have four chil- dren, Cecil G., Bessie M., Milo, Jr., and Lynn. 54Q PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. ISAAC F. CASTO. Among the distinctively self-made men of Fremont county, Wyoming, who by his per- sistent energy and his business endeavors has raised himself from a poor lad to a position of competence, standing now as one of the pros- perous stockmen of the section, we must espe- cially mention Isaac F. Casto, whose productive and well-improved home ranch is located on the Little Popo Agie River, twelve miles south of Lander, Wyo. He was born at St. Joseph, Mo., on November 19, 1850, a son of James and Sarah (Odekirk) Casto, his father being a repre- sentative frontiersman and a most successful pioneer hunter and trapper. A harnessmaker by vocation, his adventurous disposition pre- vented him from conducting this trade in any one place, for he was a man of action, never happy unless in motion. He served gallantly as a soldier during the Mexican war, receiving quite a severe wound in one of the hotly con- tested engagements on Mexican soil. In 185 1 he made the long western trip across the plains to Fort Bridger, his wife and family making the same dangerous journey later in the same year. Going the next season to Utah, he there met with an accident which crippled him for life, and, in 1869, removing to California, he survived only a few years. His widow remarried with •William Wallace Hendry, and their home was at Fort Bridger, where Mr. Hendry was acci- dentally killed. Mrs. Hendry died in Uinta coun- ty, Wyo., in July, 1898, at the age of sixty-four years, being a true type of the industrious and hospitable frontier woman, whose heart and home were ever open to relieve suffering. Mr. Casto was the eldest of the nine children of his parents, and from their migrating habits and frontier life he was deprived of school advan- tages, his only attendance at an educational in- stitution being one month's time at a public school in Utah. But in the school of practical experience, and in battling with the world, Mr. Casto has acquired an education of better ad- vantage to his situation than that received from books. This he be° - an as a herder in Utah at an early age, and the strenuous life brought vigor and experience, and in 1868 he had been so prospered that he purchased a yoke of oxen and engaged in freighting, making Bear Lake Valley, South Pass, Evanston, Green River and Fort Hall his objective points, conducting this enterprise successfully for five years. There- after he was engaged in timber contracts at Piedmont, Wyo., for about five years, when, hav- ing invested some of his earnings in cattle, he ran them in the Fort Bridger country until 1879, conducting his operations with skill and dis- crimination and with cumulative results, in the last mentioned year coming to Willow Creek, where he located, soon selling out, however, and making his permanent home at his present lo- cation, where he is the owner of 200 acres of productive land and is still engaged in the stock industry, running a band of about 150 head of graded Shorthorn cattle, and enjoying the repu- tation of being a shrewd man of affairs and a' good citizen, being interested in all matters of local and public x interest as a member of the Republican political party and socially in ac- cord with all things tending to the benefit of the stock industry and the community. In Utah, on August 13, 1875, occurred the marriage of Mr. Casto and Miss Martha Williams, a native of Wales and a daughter of Joseph and Susan (Wellen) Williams, who were members of an- cient Welsh families. She was a most estimable woman, an affectionate mother and wife, and held in high esteem. Her death occurred at the home ranch on April 21, 1901. Of the six chil- dren of Mr. and Mrs. Casto, four are now liv- ing, Amy, who died at five years of age ; Alice, now Mrs. Mrs. William A. Hancock; Mary E., Mrs. Arthur Hallett ; William F. ; an unnamed infant, also deceased; Minnie. These have brought great joy to the household. CHARLES BIRD. From everv section and every state of our Union have come the men and women of nerve and endurance who have settled this great west- ern land and made it an important factor in the PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 54* wealth and progress of the world. The parents of Charles Bird, a prominent stockman of Uinta county, Wyoming, living near Midway, were natives of Illinois and North Carolina respect- ively. They were Doctor Franklin and Perlina M. (Huff) Bird, and were among the early set- tlers of Iowa, where their son Charles was born in Pottawattamie county, on October 4, 1868. The father rendered valiant service in defense of the Union during the Civil War and after his return settled down on his farm in Iowa and devoted himself to cultivating- it and the rearing and education of his family of thirteen children, of whom eleven are living. Charles Bird was educated in the public schools of Iowa and » there learned his trade of blacksmith. When he reached his majority, in 1889, he left his home and passed a year in Nebraska, working at his trade. From there he came to Wyoming and, locating at Fontenelle, worked on ranches until 1896, when he took up a portion of the place on which he now lives, which at this time comprises 1,000 acres of good land, with a large part of it well ditched. He has improved it with a new two-story, twelve-room house of modern de- sign and conveniences, with suitable outhouses, sheds, corrals and also other necessary appurte- nances. Here he raises cattle on a commensu- rate scale and carries on quite extensive farming operations. On October 1, 1893, at Midway, he was married to Miss Lula C. Holden, a daughter of Judge C. W. and Jennie S. (Lane) Holclen, now living at Fontenelle. Four chil- dren have blessed their union, Clara M., Hilda V. and Elsie J., who are living, and Lillian, who died in February, 1898, aged about two years. Two years or more of Mr. . Bird's life were passed in running the stage and mail line be- tween Cora and Opal. He is an enterprising and progressive man and well esteemed among those who known him. SAMUEL G. CAVE. Born and reared amid the commercial activi- ties of Great Britain, pursuing fortune's winning smile in mercantile life in that country and our own from the time when "manhood darkened on his downy cheek" until after he had passed the half-century mark on the dusty highway of hu- man endeavor, Samuel G. Cave of Weston coun- ty, Wyoming-, turned easily and naturally to the domain of agriculture and the peaceful and pleas- ing- scenes of rural life for the remainder of his days when the hour and the opportunity came into his life. His parents, Eli and Margaret (Morton) Cave were residents of Bristol, Eng- land, where the father was a leading hand in cotton manufacturing and there the subject of this writing first saw the light on March 15, 1844. He grew to manhood in his native land and received his education in the excellent schools of Lancashire, where his ancestors had lived for generations, and where the remains of his parents repose, his mother having died in 1876 and his father three years later. After finishing his education Mr. Cave engaged in mercantile business at Manchester, handling a line of superior fancy goods in that busy mart, and later passed three years as a commission merchant in Ireland. This venture was not, how- ever, to his taste, and he returned to Manchester and again started his former enterprise, con- ducting a similar one also at Bradford in York- shire. In 1892 he closed out all his mercantile interests and coming to the United States, set- tled at Omaha, Neb., where he carried on busi- ness until 1897. He then removed to Wyoming and homesteaded his present ranch on Canyon Springs Prairie twenty-six miles north of New- castle, where he has 6ince been actively engaged in farming and stockraising. Two of his sons came' with him to the new state and his change of vocation, and they have farms adjoining his. On December 6, 1865, in Manchester, England, Mr. Cave was united in marriage with Miss Elizabeth J. Williams, a native of England of Welsh ancestry. They have eight children, Ada, Beatrice, Gertrude, Harry, Maggie, Arthur S., Samuel W. and Richard. Beatrice is married and living in England. All the others are resi- dents of the United States. In politics Mr. Cave is a Republican, having a deep interest in the welfare of his party but without desire for its 542 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. honors or emoluments. He and his wife are act- ive members of the Episcopal church and are connected in a helpful way with the benevolent and charitable enterprises in which the church has an interest, and with whatever concerns the good and progress of the community. JOSIAH C. COOK. One of the leading merchants of Basin in Bighorn county, and a citizen prominent and active in other lines of productive enterprise, is Josiah C. Cook, a pioneer of 1882 and since then a devoted worker for the advancement and improvement of Bighorn county, earnestly in- terested in everything that pertains to her gen eral welfare. The state of his nativity is Ohio, where he was born on March 13, 1858. His parents, Thomas J. and Jane (Workman) Cook, were also natives of Ohio, where they passed their lives in the tranquillizing and peaceful vo- cation of the old patriarchs as tillers of the soil. In his native place their son Josiah attained the age of eighteen years and received a common school education. In 1876 he left the parental fireside and boldly stepped out into the world to make his own way, coming west to Kansas. He spent two years in that state and then went for an extended tour of observation through New Mexico and Arizona. Four years were passed in this adventurous expedition, at the end of which he came to Wyoming, reaching the state in 1882 and taking up land where the town of Lovell now stands. By assiduous effort he secured the establishment of a postoffice at that point and for a number of years thereafter he served as postmaster. The community was sparsely setttled at first, but through his efforts, and those of others, in providing for its uses many of the conveniences of life, that would oth- erwise have been long delayed, it built up and im- proved rapidly, and its present prosperous and progressive condition is the proof of their wis- dom and the result of their enterprise. He es- tablished a general store, one of the first in the Bighorn basin, which has kept pace with the times and is now one of the leading mercan- tile enterprises of its kind in this part of the county. In 1894 he sold this business and re- moved to Basin, where he at once opened a similar store, which he has been conducting since with an expanding volume of trade and a corresponding increase in its scope and equip- ment, adding new departments, as occasion re- quired and enlarging his stock to meet the growing demands of a progressive community, keeping it up-to-date in every particular. In addition to his merchandising business, he has been a mail contractor, and in this capacity he has been able to render the outlying country material service by increasing its mail facili- . ties in many ways. He also built and conducts the Antlers Hotel, and has a large and well- equipped feed and livery barn. All his work in the town, in the way of improvements, has been well done and stands to the credit of his fore- sight and public spirit. His store is a fine two- story stone structure, which not only gives room for the advantageous display of his large and varied stock of goods, but adorns in an architectural way the portion of the town in which it is situated. He has left without his active aid and support no enterprise for the improvement of the town or the convenience and comfort of its people. When it was pro- posed to introduce water into the city, he was among the first to give the project encourage- ment and substantial assistance and he is now the heaviest stockholder in the company which controls the works. On September 18. 1894, he was married at Billings, Mont., to Miss Char- lotte A. Anderson, a native of Sweden, but since 1881 a resident of America, living since 1891 in Wyoming. H. M. BULLOCK. Born in Provo, Utah, on May 28, 1862. and the son of early Mormon emigrants, who, in their devotion to their conception of right, en- dured the dangers and perils of the long journey across the wearying distance of the great plains and the resulting hardships of the establishment of civilization in an apparently barren desert, PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 543 Harry M. Bullock, now a representative stock- man of Uinta County, Wyoming, has seen much of both the pleasant and the unpleasant sides of pioneer existence. His parents were Jarred J. and Rhoda L. (Greene) Bullock, his father being a native of New York and his mother of Illi- nois. The conditions of his childhood were those of the place and period, attendance at the primitive public schools intermingled with labor and youthful sports. His father removed to Uinta county in 1872 and established a stock business on the then almost illimitable range. He was prosperous, and when Harry was twenty years old he embarked in the same un- dertaking, in 1888 taking up the land forming the original center of his finely improved tract of 480 acres, which is not only eligibly located, but well improved, with a commodious residence and barns, sheds, corrals and the necessary ac- companiment's of an increasing and prosperous stock business. By his energetic efforts Mr. Bullock has greatly improved his estate, making it most desirable in attractiveness and comfort, as well as in productiveness, and has brought it fully up to the highest standards of a stock- man's home. He is interested in public matters as a member of the Democratic political party, and exercises a beneficial influence in his com- munity in furthering all schemes and plans of public and private improvement. He is consid- ered as one of the most useful citizens of the com- munity and his family are accorded position in the ranks of the best society. By his marriage with Miss Nancy C. Johnson, a daughter of Snelling M. and Sally H. (Greer) Johnson, na- tives of Georgia, he brought the southern qual- ity of courtesy to grace his home and also a willing and cheerful companion and helpmeet. His widowed mother resides at Meadowville, Utah. Their children are, Evan M., Lionel and Rhoda M. THOMAS CONNORS. The ancestors of Mr. Connors have for gen- erations been residents of Ireland, where he himself was born in the citv of Cork, the son of Thomas and Mary (Meegan) Connors, both natives of the same city. The four children of these worthy parents are now widely separated, "scattered to the four winds of heaven," neither of them knowing anything concerning the others. Thomas Connors was early engaged in mining, but still earlier assisted his father in his lumbering operations until his death about 1856. Coming to the United States in early life it was not long before Mr. Connors was en- gaged in arduous but profitable labor in the coal mines of Pennsylvania, after some years remov- ing to Ohio and there continuing the same vo- cation until 1873, when he came to Laramie, Wyo., and was connected with the labor of the rollingmills until he came to Kemmerer in 1885 and resumed his old trade of mining, being prospered in his undertakings and having many friends, particvdarly in the fraternal order of the Red Men, of which he is a member. In politics Mr. Connors supports the Democratic party as the best for the country. HON. JAMES H. CLAUSE. The present very efficient and popular mayor of the city of Rawlins, James H. Clause, was born in Springfield, 111., in i860, where he was reared and educated. His father was Joseph Clause, a native of Germany, who, on coming to the United States, settled on a farm in Illinois, where he passed the remainder of his life, dying at the age of sixty-five years. Joseph Clause married in Illinois, Miss Elizabeth McClure, a native of Ireland, who passed away in 1882, at the age of seventy-two, the mother of six chil- dren, among whom was the present mayor of Rawlins, James H. Clause, who had lived in Springfield until the death of his mother, then came to Wyoming, as presenting a field in which a young man might find scope for the develop- ment of his innate ambition, or, at all events, of bettering his conditions in life. He arrived in Rawlins in March, 1882, and at once became en- gaged in the saloon business, with which he has been ever since connected, and also became identified with the Osborne Live Stock Co., and 544 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. with the real-estate business, the ice business, the grain trade and mining, in all of which he still retains his interests, and in all of which he met with invariable success, thus realizing the anticipations of his early years. It is perhaps necessary to say however that this success has been due to his own superior business qualifica- tions, foresight, shrewdness, tact in availing him- self of opportunities as they presented them- selves, and also indefatigable industry, with all of which faculties Mr. Clause is happily endowed. In 1890 Mr. Clause was united in marriage with Miss Ella Omeria, a native of Ireland and a daughter of Robert and Julia Omeria, who came from Ireland to the United States in 1882 or- 1883 and settled in Rawlins, where both parents passed the remainder of their lives and died at the same age, seventy years, in 1901. On Feb- ruary 11, 1901, Mrs. Ella Clause was called away by death, being a devout Catholic, an affectionate wife, a very loving mother and possessing most domestic habits. She left behind her, to mourn her irreparable loss, her disconsolate husband and five children, who are named William, Esther, Vinson and Veronica (twins) and James R. Li politics Mr. Clause has been a* stanch Demo- crat ever since he has been old enough to exer- cise his franchise, and his faithful work for his party bas culminated by his being rewarded in his election to his present exalted office of mayor of Rawlins to which on April 14, 1903, he was elected for another term by a highly gratifying and complimentary vote. But he has served ex- cellently well in other public positions, such as city trustee for six years and city treasurer for two years, and his faithful performance of the duties pertaining to these offices* bas, it will be seen, culminated in his election to his present honorable and highly useful office. JAMES EARLY. In the review of the life of Mr. Early we are to write a brief synopsis of the activities of a brave soldier, much of whose life has been passed in dangerous campaigns against wily savages, who has been in numberless "perils by land and sea." He is now a useful citizen, per- forming in the "plain times of peace" the same earnest attendance to the call of duty and the same industry in its performance. He is now the owner of a pleasant home of 160 acres of land, and engaged in ranching and stockraising. James Early. was born in County Tyrone, Ire- land, in March 1829, the son of Hugh and Sarah (Kearney) Early, descendants of old-time honored families of the Emerald Isle. In 1854 Mr. Early emigrated from Ireland to the United States and soon after landing enlisted in the U. S. military service, in which connection he was sent to Oregon and to Fort Vancouver, passing six years of eventful life on the coast and meeting with many thrilling experiences. After his muster-out he reenlisted in Xew York City in June, i860, and for a time was engaged in drilling recruits in that city, not long there- after being assigned to his old organization, Co. K, Fourth U. S. Infantry, whose eventful for- tunes he followed for three more years, receiv- ing an honorable discharge at Fort Sedgwick, Colo., in 1863, soon reenlisting, for his third term of service, and proceeding to Laramie, Wyo., and from there to Frankfort, Ky., where was passed the remainder of his enlistment. Once more a free man, he almost immediately reenlisted in the same company and accom- panied it to Fort Wayne, Mich., and to Omaha Neb., but soon, on account of Indian troubles, it was despatched to the far West. In 1871 he was stationed at Fort Bridger under General Flindt. His term of service here expiring, he again became a soldier by another enlistment in his old company. This term was a compara- tively quiet one, as his regiment was kept on garrison duty at Fort Bridger until again he received his discharge. Mr. Early saw the va- rious wars with the Nez Perces, the Kiowas, the Spokanes and other hostile tribes, and from 7855 and i860 valiantly participated in some hard fighting and met with many hardships and thrilling episodes. A brave old soldier, he ever enjoyed the confidence of his comrades and of- ficers, being for a long time sergeant of his company. In 1876 he located t6o acres of gov- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 545 eminent land a short distance below Fort Brid- ger, and made that his home and at the pres- ent writing (1902) he is looking after the 160 acres owned by his daughter immediately at the old fort. He has ever been a stalwart Republican and with his family are faithful mem- bers of the Catholic church. In 1861 he mar- ried Miss Ellen B. Norton, who shared his joys and sorrows for thirty-eight years and died on December 19, 1902, at her home in Fort Bridger. By this marriage there has been four children, Christopher J., who lives near his father; John F., who died on September 11, 1896; Mary D., a professional nurse of Salt Lake City ; Kath- erine. C, a stenographer of the same city. It must be pleasant indeed after so long a life of discipline to have the bands relaxed and to live in peaceful quiet in the consolation of having done life's work well and blest with children who occupy useful and honored positions in society. May the twilight of life be long and filled with sunshine for this old veteran. GEORGE N. GRIFFIN. Long the assistant superintendent of the Diamond Coal and Coke Co., at Diamondville, Wyo., and now the efficient superintendent of the plant of the Washoe Copper Co., at Storrs, Mont., Mr. George N. Griffin is a native of Lowestuft, England, where he was born on July 16, 1861, a son of William and Susanna (Nichols) Griffin, the former of whom followed the precarious and dangerous calling of a fish- erman and sailor, to which he superadded the fish commission business, although his parents were farming people. William Griffin was a devout member of the Congregational church and also an able associate of John B. Gough, the famous apostle of temperance, and died in King Park county, Colo., having first settled in Illinois when coming to the United States in 1879. William and wife had born to them eight children, George N. being the youngest, and of these eight there are seven still living. George N. Griffin received a common-school ed- ucation in his native land and this was supple- mented by an attendance in the schools of America, to which country he came in 1880. He had started at work when ten years old in the coal mines in his native land and was well trained to his calling, which experience has stood him well in hand throughout his later years. He came to Wyoming in 1886, was elected as a member of the First Legislative Assembly of the state from Uinta county, and about this time became a fire boss, which position he held for eighteen months when the mines were shut down and Mr. Griffin changed his residence to Colorado, was there engaged in a coal mine for about nine months and then accepted the position of mine foreman for the Sheridan Fuel Co., at Higby, Wyo., the duties of which he most satisfactorily administered for three years. Mr. Griffin next bought an interest in the Felix Coal Co., and for two years was the superin- tendent of the plant. He then went to Diamond- ville and acted as foreman of No. 1 mine about two and one-half years, and after a highly ap- preciated service here of time passed as fore- man and assistant superintendent, he became the superintendent of the entire plant of the Washoe Copper Co., located at Storrs, Mont., his present position. In 1890 Mr. Griffin was elected on the Republican ticket as a member of the Wyoming State Senate, an office which he filled from the first to the credit of himself and to the unalloyed satisfaction of his con- stituents. Mr. Griffin has not confined his ser- ices in behalf of his fellow citizens to his leg- islative functions alone, but is also president of the State Arbitration Commission, also being a member of the school board, and a member of the town council of Diamondville. He finds his place of worship inside the doors of the Meth- odist Episcopal church, of which his wife is also a devoted member. Fraternally, Mr. Griffin is a member of the A. O. U. W., in the work of which he takes an active and interested part, and in his domestic relations is a model family man, Mrs. Griffin furnishing him in her per- son one of the ablest of auxiliaries in this re- spect and making of the home an earthly par- adise. The marriasre of G. N. Griffin was eel- 546 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. ebrated in Rock Island, 111., on May 8, 1882, with Miss Catherine Proud, a daughter of John and Hannah (Wilkes) Proud, natives of Eng- land, and to this happy union have been born nine children, of whom eight are still living, Edith, Arthur, Maud, Ruth, Bessie, Harry P., Philip A. and Walter. Mr. Griffin has taken a course in the correspondence school of Scran- ton, Pa., and holds a certificate from that school as a graduate from the mining course, which is a guarantee of his standing on a high plane in mineralogy. EDWARD EATON. Edward Eaton, of Tensleep, the stock fore- man of the Osage Cattle Co., of Bighorn county, has come to his knowledge of the stock business through a wide and varied experience, embrac; ing every phase of it as exhibited in various places and under a great variety of circum- stances. He rode the range in Colorado and Wyoming in his earlier years, he was active in the industry under the summer sun of New Mexico, he has served in several capacities with a number of the leading cattle companies of the Northwest, so that he is through long practice a thorough stockman, and he had by nature and early inclination a decided aptitude for the business. Among the men engaged in it in this part of the world few are better known or hold a higher rank for practical knowledge of its different branches. Mr. Eaton was born on February 6, 1858, in the state of New York, the son of William and Anne (Blackner) Eaton, the former a native of Kentucky and the latter oi Massachusetts. When he was three years old they removed to Minnesota and in 1868 farther west to Kansas, locating in Marshall county, and there he attended school at intervals be- tween work on the farm and reached the age of seventeen. Then, in 1875, he took up his residence in Colorado and for three years rode the range in the cattle industry in that state and Wyoming. He also spent a year in New Mexico connected with the same industry. In 1879 ne came to Wyoming and settled here per- manently, living until 1892 in Johnson county and working for the 71 Cattle Co., and other cattle outfits. In 1892 he came to the Big Horn basin and for a number of years was with the Bay State Cattle Co., in a leading capacity, aft- er which he became a stock foreman for the Osage Cattle Co., a position which he still fills with great credit to himself and to the satisfac- tion of the company. In this capacity he has general charge of the stock belonging to this great organization and all the facilities which his long and varied experience has given him are called into play. The duties are exacting and responsible to a high degree, great readi- ness and resourcefulness being required in their proper discharge. There is scarcely an hour in the day or night when some unexpected emer- gency may not arise and the man in charge must ever be on the alert. Mr. Eaton's famil- iarity with all phases of the business and his knowledge of the men engaged in it, give him special fitness for the successful supervision of a large outfit like the one with which he is connected, and make his services of unusual value in this regard. It is much to say of any man who is employed in a place of great trust and responsibility that he meets its require- ments in a complete and masterful manner ; but this is true of Mr. Eaton, and it is but a just tribute to merit to place it on record here. NORRIS W. GRIGGS. Beginning the battle of life for himself at the age of twelve and since then making his own way in the world, Norris W. Griggs, of Bigpiney, Uinta county, Wyoming, got his ed- ucation in the hard school of experience and fully paid the price of that exacting school- master in toil and struggle for every foot of progress he has made. He was born on De- cember 29, 1864, in the state of New York, where his parents, Reuben and Asenath (Aik- ens) Griggs were born and reared, flourished and grew old, the father, who was educated for the ministry but followed farming as an occupa- tion, dying in 1892. He was a man of great o § o PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 547 public spirit and popularity and had an honor- able record in many official stations. The mother still lives in New York and both were of old Colonial stock of English ancestry. Mr. Griggs was one of a family of six children, five of whom are still living. He attended the pub- lic schools at intervals until he was twelve years old, and then going to live with a sister, worked for himself from that time forward. At the age of sixteen he came west and locating on the Fontenelle, engaged as, a hand on a ranch. In 1880 he came to his present location and for four years was employed by McKay & Budd. After this he worked for A. W. Smith five years while he had the "circle" cattle. In the mean- time he had taken up land and at the end of his employment with Mr. Smith he began a cattle business on his own account. Devoting himself assiduously to his work, bringing to bear on its improvement all his natural facul- ties of mind' and body, he has built up his in- dustry to proportions of magnitude and value and increased his landed estate to 1,000 acres. His land is fertile and bountiful in product, yielding large annual crops of excellent hay and much grain. His cattle are graded Herefords and his horses of superior breed. He is rec- ognized as one of the leaders in the business and has high standing among the people who know him in business or socially. On January 6, 1895, Mr. Griggs was united in marriage with Miss Marcia Merrill, a native of Ohio and a daughter of Orson and Rebekah (Allen) ■ Mer- rill, the father a native of Maryland and the mother of Ohio. The)' emigrated from Ohio to Utah and died in that state. Mr. and Mrs. Griggs have two children, Percy M. and Norris R. Their home is a pleasant resort for their many friends who find in it an inspiring and gracious hospitality. DUDLEY N. HALE. Coming to Wyoming on the verge of his early manhood, and when he was but nineteen years of age, and since then being closely iden- tified with the exhilarating life and progressive institutions of the Northwest, contributing on every field of duty to their advancement and development, Dudley N. Hale, of Bighorn coun- ty, a highly esteemed citizen of Basin, has won the place he holds in the regard and confidence of his fellows and demonstrated his right to hon- orable mention on the roster of the progres- sive men of Wyoming, wherever it is displayed. He was born in Wisconsin on June 2, 1861, the son of Nelson and Jeannette (Curley) Hale, the former a native of Pennsylvania and the latter of New York. When he was eleven years of age the family moved to Kansas and he re- mained in that state until 1879, attending the public schools and assisting his parents on the farm. He then started out in life for himself and, after a year of effort in Kansas, in 1880 came to Wyoming, where for a year he enjoyed the free and exciting existence of a hunter and trapper in the primeval solitude where the foot of civilized man had seldom rested. At the end of that year he went to Custer county, Mon- tana, and for a few years there followed the same occupation. In that county he was ap- pointed deputy sheriff and served two years. Returning in 1888 to Wyoming, he located a ranch and until 1900 resided on it, actively en gaged in the stock business. He was then ap- pointed sheriff of Bighorn county and at the end of his term he sold his ranch and stock and took up his residence in the town of Basin, in which he has since been a forceful and poten- tial element in matters of public enterprise and improvement and managed his large and val- uable mining properties. He is a stockholder in the Bighorn Canal Co., and was one of the orig- inators and promoters of its enterprise. He is also connected in a leading way with other industrial and commercial factors in the life of the community, and to every duty of an ex- alted citizenship gives due and conscientious attention. In 1884, in Custer count)', Mon- tana, Mr. Hale was married to Miss Sarah E. Scott, a native of Minnesota, whose parents were early settlers in the Northwest. They have three children, Nettie, Rosa B. and Bessie E. The head of the house is a prominent mem- ber of the Modern Woodmen of America and also of the Royal Neighbors of America. 548 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. JOHN D. HOPKINS. John D. Hopkins, now one of the prominent stockgrowers and farmers of Bighorn county, living near Bigtrails postoffice, is a Western man in every particular and glories in the prog- ress,, development and potency of the section to which he belongs. He was born on October 14, 1862, at Santa Rosa, California, the son of Richard and Mary Hopkins, and when he was a year old they removed to Arizona. There he lived to the age of sixteen and received his ed- ucation. In 1878 he came to Wyoming and, lo- cating in the vicinity of Cheyenne, he rode the range in the cattle industry for several years. He then went to New Mexico and trailed cat- tle to this state, for three years repeating this work and getting his cattle at different places in the South. In 1882 he settled on Bridger Creek and laid the foundations of Deranch, and two years later came to the Bighorn basin and passed two years in the service of the X Cat- tle Co., one with Milo Burke and one with the Embar Cattle Co. In 1888 he entered the em- ploy of the Bay State Cattle Co., and remained with that organization until 1892. For three years he served as deputy sheriff of Johnson county, at the close of his term of office en- gaging in the stock business for himself on land he had taken up and which he has since improved with good buildings and fences, sup- plied with every appliance for his work and beautified and adorned as a home for himself and his family. His ranch comprises 480 acres and his herd at this writing consists of 600 fine cattle and seventy-five horses of superior breeds. In public local affairs he has always been deeply and intelligently interested, endeavoring to lead the progressive thought of his community along the lines of healthy development, freely giving his aid to all good enterprises tending in this direction. Imbued with this species of public spirit he has not hesitated to take his place either in the ranks of the people or in official station, as circumstances seemed to de- mand, and to work towards the desired end. He was the first assessor of Bigfhorn county and administered thei affairs of the office with a ju- dicious discrimination, looking both to the wel- fare of the county and the rights of private cit- izens. In 1894, at Redbank, Wyo., he married with Miss Stella Goodrich, a native of Colorado, and a daughter of Jacob and Martha Sartain, natives of Indiana and Missouri, and three daughters have blessed their union, Elsie, Mar- garet and Bessie. To the beautiful home in which they live, which is one of the architect- ural and artistic triumphs of the neighborhood, they add sunshine and grace and aid in making it one of the most attractive homes of- the county. CHARLES DANIELSON. One of the most popular as well as prosper- ous farmers and stockmen of Uinta county, Wyoming, Mr. Charles Danielson, has his home- stead on Bear River, about twenty miles south of Evanston. He was born in Sweden in De- cember, 185 1, and is the tenth child in the pro- lific family of Daniel Oleson, who was a son of Ole Watson. Charles Danielson was edu- cated in the excellent schools of his native land, which the law compelled him to attend until he was fourteen years of age, after which he was engaged in mining until 1887, when he came to the United States, settling in Wyoming and found employment in Evanston, where he re- sided until 1897, when he came to his present location and purchased a homestead of 320 acres, where he has since devoted his time and attention to raising and dealing in cattle. He was joined in marriage in Sweden in 1872 with Miss Sophia Israel, daughter of Israel Johnson, and this union has been graced with eight chil- dren,- Selma B., who died in Sweden at the age of five years, eleven months ; Anna, now the wife of Henry Snow, and living near Evanston, Wyo. ; Carl G. ; Mary E., who died in Sweden at the age of four years ; Mary Wilhelmina ; Hy- rum and Joseph, twins ; Halmer. The parents are members of the Mormon church, active in following all of its beneficent teachings, and in the good work of the church they take an act- ive part. To the industry and enterprise of PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 549 such men as Mr. Danielson the prosperity of all new states is due, for the reason that the na- tives of Europe are trained to useful manual occupations, which in after life are employed practically in the development of the resources of the new countries in which they pass their remaining years, as the recompense for their labor far exceeds that which they would receive for the same exertions in their native land, and results, as a rule, in retirement in advanced life on comfortable competences. The success of Mr. Danielson is perhaps to be envied, but all credit should be given to him, as well as to all others who overcome frontier hardships. JOHN T. HUFF. John T. Huff, of Atlantic City, Wyoming, descends from old Colonial stock, his great- grandfather Van Houten gallantly participating in the War of the Revolution on the roster of the Patriots, while his grandfather showed equal patriotism in the War of 1812. The mil- itary record of the family was broken by the death of Mr. Huff's father early in the Civil War, but he himself had experiences enough of a soldier in that great contest to amply main- tain prestige for the family. Mr. Huff was born in Waterloo, N. Y., on' February 12, 1842, a son of Richard and Hannah (Van Houten) Huff, both natives of New York state, the father be- ing a carpenter and diligently pursuing that trade until his death in 1862 at the age of fifty- six years, the mother surviving him until 1869 when occurred her death. The common schools of New York furnished the education acquired by her son, John T., who early became inter- ested in practical life by migrating westward and identifying himself with railroading as a fireman oh the C. B. & Q. Railroad, soon there- after relinquishing this position to enlist, in August, 1862, in Co. E, Eighty-ninth Illinois Infantry, whose historic fortunes on tented fields and bloody marches he was connected with until transferred in 1863 to the First Mis- sissippi Marine Brigade, serving with this or- ganization until its muster-out in February, 1865. The war record of Mr. Huff was a noted one. ' He was a participant in numerous hotly contested battles, took part in the historic siege of Vicksburg, also accompanied General Banks on the disastrous Red River expedition, and was in many lesser engagements and con- tests with bands of guerrillas. On the return of peace he returned to railroading and to firing and was employed in that capacity on the Chicago and Northwestern in Iowa before that road was completed to Council Bluffs. In the spring of 1867 he entered the civilian service of the United States and was employed in the construction of the fort at Cheyenne, Wyoming. One year passed in government service and then he came to Atlantic City, engaged in suc- cessful mining and here he has since made his home and been associated with various branches of business activity. From 1873 to 1885 ne con " ducted the brewery, and for a time he was quite extensively connected with sheepraising, being now the owner of a fine ranch of 640 acres of land on the Big Sandy River, where he is con- structing an irrigation ditch at the estimated cost of $8,000. Fie is now the genial landlord of the chief hotel of Atlantic City, besides being in the saloon business. He is an active mem- ber of society, interested in all matters of gen- eral and local improvement, and is prominently identified with the principles and policies of the Republican party. Mr. Huff is a good cit- izen, a popular townsman and a business man of integrity and sterling honesty. In May, 1872, the marriage rites uniting Mr. Huff and Miss Ellen McCarty were celebrated. She was a native of New York. They have four chil- dren, Maud, wife of Henry Williams ; Alma ; Viola E. ; Ellen. The family holds distinctive rank in the social circles of the town, the home being a center of attractive hospitality. JOHN DONAHUE. The ancestry of John Donahue, originally from Ireland, was established in Indiana early in its history, and in that state his father and his mother, William and Tempie (Mendenhall) 55o PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. Donahue, were born and reared. They became residents of Iowa and there in 1847 their son John was born. When he was nine years old they removed to Linn county, Kan., and there he received a limited education in the public schools. When he reached the age of fifteen he started in life for himself, going to Dakota and becoming a postrider in the service of the U. S. government and serving in that capacity for a number of years. From Dakota he soon went to Texas and for a time was a range rider in that state. He made seven trips from Texas north with cattle and in 1877 he came to Wyoming, settling in the Sweetwater country where he again rode the range, continuing the occupation until 1892. He then for a short time was en- gaged in farming and raising stock on Powder River, within the same year coming to the Big Horn basin and began in that section of the state the farming and stockgrowing operations which he is still conducting with success and profit, handling from sixty to fully one hundred head of fine-blooded cattle. He also owns and manages a hotel and a feed-stable in Hyattville, Wyo., being popular as a boniface and as a caterer, while his stable is a great resort for persons having need of its accommodations. Mr. Dona- hue has been active in politics wherever he has lived long enough to acquire a residence and his counsel as a party adviser has been much sought and appreciated. He was one of the early deputy sheriffs of Johnson county and as a pub- lic official fully sustained the esteem in which he was held as a private citizen and business man and one of the forceful and enterprising fac- tors in the community. He was married in Hyattville on February 11, 1893, to Miss Callie Hatten, a native of Ohio. HENRY HOMER. This veteran stockman, whose ranch is on Bear River, eighteen miles south of Evanston, Uinta county, Wyo., was born in Milwaukee, Wis., on April 12, 1850, a son of Andrew and Ingabar (Adams) Homer, both natives of Nor- way and who came to the United States in 1848. Andrew Homer was a farmer by calling and on coming to America he located in Salt Lake coun- ty, Utah, in i860, after having passed the inter- vening time in the East, and later came to Uinta county, Wyo., dying, however, in Utah in 1890, his remains being interred in Mill Creek Ward cemetery. He has been a very prominent leader in the Church of the Latter Day Saints and was also very active in the management of the local affairs of his county, filling several minor offices with the sole purpose of being of use to his fel- low citizens, rather than for the sake of the emol- ument they afforded. Mrs. Ingabar (Adams) Homer died in Wisconsin in 1854 and was buried in Milwaukee. She had borne her husband five children, as follows : Henrietta, the deceased wife of H. O. Young, of Park City, Utah ; Ellen M. ; Netta; Malinda; who all died young, and Henry, whose name heads this biographical narrative. By his second wife, Jennie, to whom he was married in 1855, in Wisconsin, Andrew Homer had four other children, Jerry, now liv- ing in Kansas, Summit county, Utah ; Andrew, a well-known resident of Bigpiney, Uinta county, Wyo. ; Maggie, now residing in Salt Lake City ; Hiram, whose residence is in Park City, Utah. Henry Homer was educated in Utah and after quitting school he was steadily engaged in min- ing in that state for about seven years. He next engaged in farming and stockraising, which he continuued to follow in Utah until 1884, when he came to Wyoming and entered the homestead in which he now lives, where he owns a ranch of about 800 acres, which he devotes to cattlerais- ing. He was united in the bonds of matrimony in Utah, on October 8, 1874, with Miss Kate Johnson, daughter of Andrew and Mary Eliza- beth (Johnson) Johnson, both natives of Norway. Her father was a son of Andrew and Elizabeth Johnson and the mother a daughter of Christo- pher Johnson. Mr. and Mrs. Homer have had a family of eleven children, viz : Elizabeth H., who died at the age of six years and whose re- mains were interred in Summit county, L T tah; Irene M., wife of Robert McClaren, of Park City, Utah, died July 24, 1896, at the age of twenty- two years, and was buried in Park City ; William H., who died at the age of two years and was buried in Marysville, L T tah ; Henry W. : Rodney PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 55* F. ; Emma E. ; Frank T. ; Curtis L. ; Ralph C. ; Burtch D. ; Robin J., all still living. The father of Mrs. Homer died on March 27, 1896, in New Mexico at the age of seventy-four years and her mother is now living in that place at the advanced age of eighty-four years. She bore her husband five children, as follows : Margaret, now the widow of Rodney Dutcher; Kate, who is Mrs. Henry Homer; Mary A., wife of Albert Farns- worth of New Mexico ; James, deceased ; Emma, wife of James Jensen, of New Mexico. Mr. Homer has been very successful as a cattleraiser and dealer since he took up his abode in Wyo- ming, and is now one of the prominent citizens of Uinta county. He is a very public spirited citizen, being ever ready with his means to aid in the promotion of improvements of all kinds and encourages all projects designed for the increas- ing the comforts of the general public, by whom he is held in the highest esteem. SAMUEL W. HYATT. It is much to any man's credit to well sus- tain the institutions, the interests, the reputa- tion and the spirit of the community in which he is born and reared, and help to carry for- ward by his character and industry its life and activities along the lines of healthy progress and beneficence. But it is perhaps a far higher tribute to his credit to carry those activities into a new country, to there establish them in full force and vigor as a new center of civilization and benefaction, from which may radiate their good influences for the stimulus of every com- mercial, educational and moral force throughout a large environment. That he has done this is in brief the life story of Samuel W. Hyatt, of Hyattville in Bighorn county, a pioneer in that vicinity and the founder of the town which bears his honored name. He was born in North Car- olina, April 2, 1838, the son of George W. and Mahala (Hammons) Hyatt, the former a native of Maryland and the latter of Pennsylvania. His parents took him to Georgia in their re- moval thither when he was but seven years old and he there resided until he reached the age of nineteen and was educated there. In 1857 he went to Browiiwood, Tex., and in 1861 en- gaged in merchandising, continuing this busi- ness Until he enlisted in the Confederate army in which he gave most gallant service and at- tained the commission of colonel of the Sixteenth Texas Volunteers, C. S. A., during his military life receiving four wounds. In 1884 he came to Buffalo, Wyoming, where he conducted a mer- cantile enterprise until 1886, when he removed to the location which he now occupies and opened a store as the nucleus of a settlement and se- cured land around his buildings. As time passed the need of a definite town organization become more and more urgent and, with char- acteristic public spirit, he laid out the town site which was named in his honor. He was its first postmaster, its leading merchant, its impelling spirit and its vital breath for a number of years, and has the satisfaction of seeing his faith and works therein realized in the beautiful and thriving political entity to which it has risen. When he was appointed postmaster of this of- fice he was the only postmaster in the Big Horn basin, which indicates the undeveloped con- dition of the country and the courage and en- terprise of the man who was willing to forego all the advantages of a more advanced civiliza- tion and endure the privations and perform the labors necessarily incident to life on the fron- tier. He- was just the man for the time and the place. He worked assiduously in getting mail routes in this part of the country and, in con- nection with the late Governor Richards, estab- lished and put into operation a system of gen- eral public education, having the dark smoke of schoolhouse fires ascending to greet the morn- ing wherever the circumstances required. On his arrival in this locality he took up home- stead and preemption claims and increased the volume of his land to 400 acres by subsequent acquisitions. Hyattville was laid out in 1887 and he continued to merchandise there until his store was destroyed by fire in June, 1900. Since then he has given his attention mainly to the interests of his ranch and his stock business. It need scarcely be said that his ranch is one of the features of the neighborhood, impressive in its extent, its variety of soil, elevation and 552 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. products, also in the advanced state of im- provement to which it has been brought, with its attractive buildings arranged with a view to the convenience of the work on the place and also for artistic unity and picturesqueness. His cattle and horses are of good quality and well- bred, the standard being high. In addition to the interests concentered on the ranch Mr. Hyatt conducts a livery and feed business in the town, and he also owns valuable land in Texas. In the town he founded he has always a deep and a serviceable interest, ever forward in aid- 'ing whatever may be conducive to its welfare and progress. He was potential in its creation and he has been zealous and constant in stim- ulating its growth and directing the trend of its moral and mercantile energies. He is also connected in a leading way with the Basin Wat- er-works, giving to the affairs of the company a due share of his attention and time. In fra- ternal relations Mr. Hyatt is identified with the Ancient Order of United Workmen. His first marriage occurred in Texas in i860 when he was united with Miss Emeline Majors, a native of Tennessee, who died in Texas. They had six children, of whom three are living, Mattie, Lee and Emeline. His second marriage was to Miss Sarah Johnson, then of Paris, Texas, where she died. He married a third time in Texas, on this occasion with Miss Melissa Bradshaw of Paris. She died at Buffalo, Wyoming, leaving one child, Ida. The fourth marriage, which was to Miss Elizabeth Calhoun, took place at Lead- ville, Colo., on November 27, 1890. They have one child, Samuel C. Mrs. Hyatt is a native of Virginia, but has long been a .resident of the Northwest and, one of the leading ladies in her portion of the state, she is active in works of benevolence and highly esteemed in social circles. In his military service Mr. Hyatt was wounded at Shiloh, was in the siege of Vicks- burg, participated in the successful Red River campaign, was active in the battle of Pea Ridge and at New Orleans, and was connected with numerous other hotly contested and his- toric battles of the Civil War,' serving under Generals Scurry, McCullough and Kirby Smith. H. R. JONES. A prosperous stockman of Carbon county, Wyoming, and a pioneer of that section of the state, H. R. Jones, of Encampment, is a native of Ashtabula county, Ohio, born on April 24, 1845, the son of H. L. R. Jones and Cornelia (Richard- son) Jones, natives of Connecticut. His father's family were prominent in the Colonial history of America and many of them bore distinguished part in the- early days of the republic. His pater- nal grandfather, Drayton Jones, was a native of Connecticut, one of its leading citizens. His pa- ternal great-grandfather, Israel Jones, a colonel in the Revolutionary army, was with Washington at Valley Forge, and gallantly served until the in- dependence of the colonies was conceded bv Great Britain. His mother's family also took a foremost part in early American history, his maternal grandfather, Gideon Mills, a lieuten- ant in the Colonial army, being one of the heroes of that memorable contest. Both the Jones and Richardson families removed to the Western Reserve of Ohio, among the earliest of the pioneers of that lovely section. Col. Israel Jones was also an officer in the War of 1812 and one of the foremost American patriots of his time. The Jones family followed dairying in Ohio, while the Richardsons were chiefly en- gaged in lumbering and sawmill industries. The father of H. R. Jones disposed of his Ohio property in 1854 and removed to Wisconsin. He remained there one year and then went to Iowa, and soon passed on to Minnesota. Here he engaged in farming and dairying for a num- ber of • years, meeting with considerable suc- cess. In 1865 he disposed of his farm in Min- nesota, and traveled over the long trail to Col- orado. Here he remained one year, then es- tablished his home in Kansas, where he followed agricultural pursuits for a number of years, thence removing to Wyoming, where was his home for about four years, when he moved with his family to Salt Lake City, Utah. Here he was residing at the time of his decease, which occurred in 1899. He left a family of four chil- dren, the subject of this sketch being the eldest. PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 553 His early life was passed in Minnesota, where he received his education. In October, 1861, he enlisted in Co. K, Third Minnesota Infantry, and was mustered into the U. S. service under Colonel Lester, at Fort Snelling, and was then sent to Louisville, Ky., and assigned to the Western Reserve of the Federal army. He served with this department until the close of the war and participated in the siege of Vicks- burg, the battle of Green River, and other en- gagements. He was mustered out at Duvalls Bluff, Ark., on September 2, 1865, and then made his home in Denver, Colo., where he re- mained until 1867, when he came to the ter- ritory of Wyoming, at first making his head- quarters at Fort Saunders. Here he carefully looked over the country to select a favorable location for his operations in a cattle and live- stock industry and finally located on his present ranch, situated about seven miles northwest of the city of Encampment. He has here been en- gaged in general ranching and stockraising, and has met with success, being now the owner of a fine property with a large herd of cattle, and he is constantly adding to his holdings of both land and stock. On November 14, 1880, Mr. Jones was united in marriage to Miss Florence Brewer, a native of Bureau county, 111., and a daughter of William and Rosalie (Bartholomew) Brewer, the former a native of Indiana, and the latter of New York. The paternal grand- father of Mrs. Jones, Richard Brewer, was also a native of Kentucky, being one of its leading citizens. The ancestors of the American branch of the Bartholomew family came from Holland and were prominent in the affairs of that little country, which has filled so large a page in the world's history. ' Mr. and Mrs. Jones have three children, Maud, Frank and Florence and they all are living. Their home is noted for its gen- erous and genuine hospitality. W. S. KIMBALL. While the race is not always to the swift or the battle to the strong, the inevitable laws of destiny accord to tireless energy, industry and ability a successful career. The truth of this as- sertion is abundantly verified in the life and busy activities of Mr. Kimball, the popular druggist of Casper, Wyoming, who, by diligent attention to the business at hand, determined purpose and laudable endeavor, has risen rapidly to a promi- nent standing as a newspaper man and a repre- sentative commercial factor of'Converse and Na- trona counties. He has been conspicuous among his associates, not only for his success, but for his probity, fairness, honorable methods and un- bounded energy. Wilson S. Kimball, son of Emerson H. and Lizzie M. (Smith) Kimball, was born in Sandwich Centre, Carroll county, N. H. under the shadow of the majestic Sand- wich range of the White Mountains, on July 22, 1866. For ancestral history and family narra- tion the reader is referred to the biographical sketch of Emerson H. Kimball, on other pages of this volume. The eldest child of his parents, the early educational discipline of Mr. Kimball was acquired in the schools of Iowa, this being ■ supplemented by a thoroughly technical training in the "Art preservative of all arts" under the competent tutelage of his distinguished father of which he availed himself for some years and for one year after the home of the family had been transferred to Wyoming. Then Mr. Kim- ball returned to McDonough county, 111., where on May 29, 1887, he was wedded with Miss Edness Merrick, a lady of high culture and education, who for several years had been a highly successful teacher in the public schools of Illinois, the state of her birth. She is the, daughter of John and Mary C. (Leach) Mer- rick, early citizens of McDonough county, 111. Immediately on his return to Wyoming, Mr. Kimball engaged in newspaper work in Glenrock, continuing to be pleasantly and profitably thus employed for three years, when his editorial and business ability became so manifest that the leading citizens of the brisk city of Casper, per- suaded him to establish a newspaper plant in their midst and for this purpose a stock company was organized for a paper, of which Mr. Kim- ball was made "editorial manager" and the out- fit for which he purchased in the east. Then 554 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. and thus was founded the Wyoming Derrick, and for one year Mr. Kimball's energies were given to this vigorous, young aspirant for public recog- nition, he then becoming interested in a small drug business, conducted in a building 14x16 feet in size, and, to give his time to this, he tendered his full resignation of his newspaper position. Things were moving on under his guidance so satisfactorily that the company was loth to let him go and at the urgent solicitation of the stockholders he consented to remain for a time, but two months later the drug business had as- sumed such proportions that he was forced to de- vote his whole time to its interests. Two years later, when the trade had largely increased, Mr. Kimball purchased the interests of his partner, C. F. G. Bostelman, and has since conducted it in his individual name and with almost marvel- lous prosperity. The insignificant structure it first occupied has been replaced by a large, com- modious and up-to-date building in the center of the city, affording adequate accommodations for the very extensive trade there conducted in the wholesaling and the retailing of drugs, paints, oils, glass, etc., and with a large side line of jew- elry of the most attractive character, employ- ing quite a number of clerks and also a com- petent and highly skilled jeweler and watch-re- pairer, receiving a most gratifying patronage of scope and importance of a decidedly cumulative character. Mr. Kimball is also fortunate in the great stockraising industry of Wyoming, having a fine band of sheep on the range and also being the owner of a desirable and eligibly located ranch of 480 acres of land on the Platte River, six miles east of Casper, on which he is now con- structing an irrigating ditch, which will shortly convey to the ranch an ample supply of water for its thorough irrigation. He is also the owner of some of the best city property in Casper, his resi- dence, of modern design and architecture, being one of the finest in the city and an ornament to the place, while he has quite a number of desir- able properties which he devotes to tenement purposes. A sterling Democrat, his political creed has found an able and convincing advocate in Mr. Kimball and he has led the cohorts of his, the minority party in his legislative district, evincing his personal popularity in the number of votes polled for him for member of the Legisla- ture, although failing of an election, and he has given an admirable administration as mayor of his home city for one term. In 1903 he was elected mayor a second time. There was a con- test on councilman, but he was endorsed on both tickets, no other candidate being nominated on any ticket. When in the spring of 1903 the Cas- per Chamber of Commerce was organized with a membership of over 100 men of prominence in the county, Mayor Kimball was unanimously chosen president of this organization. Frater- nally, in Masonic circles he is a Knight Templar and past master of his local lodge, and he is also a member of the Woodmen of the World. His home circle is completed by two interesting chil- dren, Wilson S. and Edness M., and here their parents disperse- a cultured and generous hospi- tality to their numerous friends. C. AUGUST LEHMBERG. There is no more steady or persistent worker in any field of labor or mine of learning than your sturdy Prussian. Wherever the German nationality makes a stand, unfavorable conditions vield, natural forces come forth and obey, hidden resources of wealth and power are brought to light and usefulness, and the flowers and fruit of advancing civilization are seen on every hand. It is with this people that C. August Lehmberg of the Star Valley of Wyoming, claims kindred, for he was born in Prussia on November 5, 1830, the son of Johann G. Lehmberg. both parents be- ing natives of that country and belonging to fam- ilies long domesticated on its fruitful soil. He received a limited education in the state schools of his native land, then worked in the mines near his home until 1866 when he came to the United States and. locating in Utah, engaged in farming on shares for eleven years, persevering in his laudable efforts in spite of several suc- cessive destructions of his crops by grasshoppers. In 1887 he abandoned Utah on this account and came to Wyoming and settled in Star Valley PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 555 when there were few residents within its limits, his nearest neighbor being five miles distant. He took up a quarter-section of government land and, by thrift and industry and a studious atten- tion to its needs and skill in supplying them, he has transformed its wild luxuriance into the sys- tematic productiveness of a well conducted farm, improving it also with good buildings and with tastefully arranged shrubbery and grounds. His land is mostly meadow and is well adapted to the cattle industry in which he is actively engaged. He also carries on a dairying business of large proportions with prudence and judgment, giving it close attention and prosecuting it vigorously. In the circles of the Church of Latter Day Saints he is prominent, active and influential. His services to the organization have been extensive and are highly appreciated. He is one of the elders and has a well-established place in the es- teem and confidence of the church people. In No- vember, 1854, in his native land, he was united in marriage with Miss Amelia Krinkey, who was born and reared there, a daughter of Karl and Amelia Krinkey. Mr. and Mrs. C. A. Lehmberg have nine children, of whom three are living : Harmon, married and residing near his father's place ; Charles, living at home ; Sarah, now wife of Sorcle Rolph of Lower Star Valley. The others are Franklin Oscar, died in Prussia in in- fancy; Joseph William, died on the plains in in- fancy ; John William, died in infancy in Utah ; Robert, died in Utah at the age of fifteen ; August, died when six years old ; Mary Rebecca, who also died in infancy. ROBERT McAULEY. More than thirty-five years have passed since Judge McAuley became identified with life in the West and during the counting of all of these links in the chain of time has he been known as one of its alert, public spirited and useful resi- dents. Each successive year has but increased his reputation in all that constitutes the well-be- ing of a new country and his experiences in the wild epoch of Indian ferocity has given him a marked prestige among the now fast vanishing class of pioneers, while his unselfish zeal in all matters pertaining to the public weal have placed him in the ranks of the state's most valued citi- zens. Not to know him is to acknowledge one's self a "tenderfoot" in this section of the West. Judge Robert McAuley, who acquired his honor- ary title by his unusually long tenure of the office of justice of the peace at Atlantic City, Wyo., was born in East Troy, N. Y., on November 22, 1837, a son of George and Mary (Miller) Mc- Auley, the father being the son of Gen. William McAuley, a distinguished officer of the British army and a native of Scotland, who was long in command of the troops stationed in Dublin, Ire- land, where he displayed great diplomatic powers, winning great popularity as well as military prestige, and the mother was a native of Edin- burg, Scotland. George McAuley came to America immediately after his graduation from Trinity College in Dublin and was for years a confidential bookkeeper and a successful teacher in New York, and in later life made his home in Illinois. He had seven children, the only sur- vivors now being the Judge and his brother John, of Chicago, 111., who before the great fire was there prominent in the boot-and-shoe trade. Robert received a limited education in the coun- try schools of Illinois, but, being a youth of early mental maturity, he was engaged in the manufacture of fanning mills for himself before he was fourteen years of age, continuing his studies through the winter months and attend- ing and graduating at the age of eighteen from the first commercial college ever established, Bell's Commercial College of Chicago. Soon after this school experience he became a buyer for a Chicago lumber syndicate, in this service visiting, examining and purchasing much timber land in Wisconsin and Minnesota, later becoming a pilot of rafts on the Black and Mississippi Rivers, in 1856 removing to Kansas and being a participant in the exciting events of that troublous period of Kansas' history, then engag- ing in the practice of law at Fort Scott in asso- ciation with Hon. G. A. Crawford, later governor of Kansas, thereafter, on account of failing health, crossing the plains to Pike's Peak with an 556 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. ox-team train, pursuing mining from 1858 to i860, then with his brother returning to Chicago to enlist' in the Union army, but on- arriving there found that his younger brother, who was in command of the Chicago Board of Trade regiment, had been seriously wounded at the bat- tle of Shiloh, having been shot twice, once through the body, and had returned to Chicago within three months from the departure of his regiment in a sad state ' of invalidism, and he then took care of him, and, later, as three of his brothers were already' in service, he did not en- list, but gave his time to the care of his parents until the close of the war. After the war he came west, engaging in freighting to Denver and the Rockies, and also establishing himself in merchandising thirty miles west of Julesburg, Colo., here having much trouble with the Indians. Once he discovered a "band of fifty Indians try- ing to stampede his horses and mules, and with two of his men he drove off the savages, the Judge killing the foremost one and the others retreating. The Indians soon met his partner, Watson Coburn, and were about to kill him when the Judge killed the horse of the leader, the ball passing through both of the legs of the Indian while he was in the act of shooting Coburn who escaped. The famous "Jene" Baker, who was driving a stage on that route, came up at that time with the government escort of soldiers and the situation was relieved, the story of the con- test being later published in the Rocky Moun- tain News. His place was the only one on the entire stage route that was not captured by the Indians. This is but one of the many Indian episodes in which the Judge has taken active part. He then in 1868 moved to Julesburg, later going to Cheyenne where he was occupied with government contracts for a year, in 1869 coming to Atlantic City, where for thirty years he was in merchandising, then selling out and now liv- ing retired. For many years the Judge was in- terested in the stock industry and in mining ven- tures. Atlantic City was at one time a place of great activity, the population numbering 1,500 for several years, Judge McAuley's store being the center of greatest interest, he keeping two scales for weighing gold-dust. He was also the efficient and popular postmaster for twenty-four years, the justice of the peace for sixteen years and he still holds a commission as notary public. He was one of the founders of the Republican party of Wyoming and a delegate to- the first Republican convention of the territory, it conven- ing at Point of Rocks in 1869, and he was nomi- nated as the member of the Legislature at large and made an interesting campaign, running ahead of his party's normal strength by over 1,900 votes, but failing of the election by thirty- six ballots. His membership in the Masonic order dates back many years, his affiliation being with the lodge at Nebraska City, Neb. Possess- ing quite a literary taste, the Judge writes fluently and easily and is a frequent contributor to various magazines and periodicals. In Ne- braska City, Neb., on May 3, 1865, occurred the ceremony uniting the Judge in matrimonial bonds with Miss Lydia E. Cook, a native of Indiana and a daughter of Stephen and Patience (Marshall) Cook, natives of North Carolina. Their children are Robert S., born in Cheyenne, Wyo., on November 5, 1868, now married and maintaining his home in Atlantic City : John, al- so making his home in the same place; Lydia May, died in infancy. One more incident of life on the frontiers seems appropriate to mention here. In connection with an older brother and one Wilkinson the Judge went to locate the oil springs on Little Popo Agie River. The Indians were endeavoring to drive off stock and fired upon the party from a ridge. Thinking they had killed the Judge they started to capture the team, but he shot the first one and reached the camp safely. As the Indians numbered nearly 500 they carried off the stock of the camp, but the Judge safely escorted the women and children to Atlantic City, where they were safe. JOHN J. MARRIN. One of the stirring, energetic and capable business men of South Pass City, Wyoming, is John J. Marrin, who was born in Luzerne county, Pa., on October II, i860, a son of John PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 557 and Mary E. (Lane) Marrin, natives of Ireland, the father long pursuing the dangerous work of a Pennsylvania miner and dying in that state in 1875, at the early age of forty-six years, the mother surviving him and now maintaining her home at Nashville, N. C. Mr. Marrin was the fourth in order of birth of eight children of his parents and received the educational advantages of the locality of his birth, early in life becoming acquainted with machinery, soon attaining suf- ficient competency and proficiency to secure a position as a stationary engineer, continuing to be thus employed, and in other technical mechani- cal operations, until he came to Park City, Utah, in 1885 to take the superintendency of the Crisso mine at South Pass, later taking a bond and lease of the mine and working it with profit for a year when he disposed of his interest. Taking a trip to the East at this time, on his return he engaged in his present business at South Pass City, having a wide acquaintance and many friends. He has other and profitable business undertakings in mining and stockraising opera- tions and is justly considered as one of the solid and reliable citizens of the community, being an active and generous supporter of all matters of public improvement of a local nature and hav- ing' a generous and kindly disposition. Fraternal- ly, he is a prominent member of the Catholic Knights of America, while he is in political ac- cord with the Republican party. On September 30, 1887, Mr. Marrin was united in holy matri- mony with Miss Nettie McOmie, a native Of Utah and a daughter of John and Jeannette McOmie, natives of Scotland and early pioneers of Utah. One son completes the family of Mr. Marrin, a bright lad who carries the ancestral name, John Marrin. MICHAEL MARIALAKY. A scion of a noble ancestry and born in Debreczin, Hungary, on June 22, 1853, Michael Marialaky, the one of whom we write, is a son of Michael and Julia (Nenctky) Marialaky, but he has become an American citizen and a stirring man of business in this new hemisphere, where a man's success and reputation depend not on titu- lary honors or personal emolument, but on the dignity of his character and the inherent powers of his own personality. In this diversified field Mr. Marialaky has shown himself of equal powers with the keenest of his business competi- tors, having wrought out a success, that is not only very satisfactory in a financial point of .view, but also greatly redounds to his personal credit as a business man of eminent ability. His honored father was a son of Michael and Susan (Kollat) Marialaky, and the noble family has been entitled to bear arms since 163 1, having distinguished record in books of heraldry. His preliminary education was acquired under com- petent tutors and his advanced education was re- ceived in Rosser College, at Buda-Pesth, the beautiful twin-city capital of Hungary, which is charmingly located on the banks of the Danube. He was one of sixteen children, of whom seven are still living. Mr. Marialaky is the only one now living and bearing the name of Michael in the family, which has been the name of all the noblemen of his house. After his school days Mr. Marialaky held the position of second book- keeper in the government bank at Buda-Pesth for a short time, and then received a govern- mental position in the custom-house which he filled with great acceptability for about three years. He then, in 1873, came to the United States and located at Carlstadt, N. J., engaged in agriculture for a time and then, proceeding to Utica, N. Y., he there worked on a farm for a few months. His ambition however was to go to the West where opportunities were greater, and his' chances for success were not so circum- scribed. In Missouri and Iowa he followed agri- culture and then worked in Davenport, Iowa, as a steam-fitter. Neither of these occupations fully tealizing his ambition, he came still further west to Wyoming and to Cheyenne. Here he was fascinated with and enjoyed life on the plains as a cowboy, and from 1863 he continued this occu- pation in Uinta County for two years. In 1885 he took up 160 acres of government land, where he now resides and to'which he has since added until his estate now comprises 280 acres. On 558 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. this property, which he has developed and im- proved in a high degree, he has since been suc- cessfully engaged in raising horses and cattle. His diligence, attention and care and the dis- criminating methods of procedure which he has employed could bring but one result and that he has attained, success. In 1889 Mr. Marialaky returned to Hungary, where, on July 4, of that year, he wedded Miss Emelia Fabry, a daughter of Frank and Rosa (Varga) Fabry. -Her grand- father, Frank Fabry, was a wholesale iron mer- chant who married Caroline Burknod, of German ancestry, and his son, Frank, her father, was also successful in merchandising as a wholesale grocer. Mr. and Mrs. Marialaky are the parents of two children, Viola E. and Charles, and the home circle is noted for its thoroughly western hospitality. Both of his parents died in his na- tive land, his father on Christmas day, 1865, at the age of. sixty-five. Mr. Marialaky is the oldest settler on Hilliard Flats and is held in the highest esteem by all who have the pleasure of his acquaintance or with whom he has business transactions. He is a loyal American, being thoroughly imbued with the principles of this great republic and the spirit pervading Ameri- can institutions, and he expects to pass the re- mainder of his life as a citizen of the United States. He is a living exemplification of the truth that "blood will tell." His scorn of all trickery, dishonesty and deceit is a fundamental trait of his character, and has been a potential factor in his life. No consideration of self-in- terest or policy ever prevailed against it or in- duced him to condone, either in public or private life, actions or tendencies in the slightest degree repugnant to his sense of justice. Mr. Marialaky is in fullest accord with the principles advocated by this young American republic, and loyally sustains its cause. He is also an honored mem- ber of the Church of the Latter Day Saints, in which he holds the office of one of the Seventy. JAMES I. MAY. Prominent in church, social and business cir- cles and occupying his position of influence and consequence as the result of his natural ability, lifelong industry and thrift and the force of character for which he is well-known, James I. May of Gros Ventre, or Ditch Creek Flat, post- master at Grovont, Uinta county, presents in the story of his useful life an interesting and suggestive theme for the student of history and the observer of human nature. It was at Bountiful in Davis county, Utah, on November 29, 1857, that his life began, his parents, James and Martha (Allen) May, being there pros- perous and successful farmers, the father being also a leading man in the affairs of the Mormon church. He was a native of England who, com- ing to America as a convert to the doctrines of that faith, took firm and actiye hold of its in- terests and rose by merit to be a high priest and counsellor to the bishop at Call's Fort, and is president of the high priests' quorum at Alberta, Canada, where he makes his home. The mother, who was born in Iowa, a daughter of Jude and Mary A. (Nichlos) Allen, is also living. The father was a farmer of the state of New York and died while crossing the plains to Utah in 1852. Mr. May w T as one of fourteen children, of whom all but one are living. He was allowed by the exigencies of his early life to attend the public schools of his native state only about six months, getting his education mainly from read- ing, observation and contact with the world. In 1880, when he was twenty-three years old, he removed to Idaho and went to farming and raising cattle on land which he took up near American Falls. He continued this enterprise in that section until 1896 and then finding the range too limited he sold his interests in Idaho and settled in the Jackson Hole country of Wyoming, taking up land which he has since expanded to 320 acres, and which by skillful cultivation yields him large annual crops of grain, hay and other farm products, and handsomely supports Ids extensive herds of cattle. His farming and stock interests are considerable and exacting, his church work occupies much of his time and his best energies, his social duties claim a due share of his attention, but no personal business or pleasure can obscure or overbear his interest in all that concerns the welfare of the community, in the service of which he is constant, intelligent PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 559 and influential. He has been a justice of the peace in Idaho and a gamewarden in Wyoming. He and his wife are active and zealous members of the Church of the Latter Day Saints. Two years of his life were spent as a missionary in Mississippi in behalf of the church and he has been a ward teacher and a Sunday-school teacher for years. He is now and has long been an elder, is one of the Seventy, and has been set apart as a presiding elder. On January 29, 1876, Mr. May was united in marriage with Miss Elizabeth A. Henrie, a native of Utah and daughter of Joseph and Susanna (Lasley) Henrie, the father of English ancestry and the mother de- scended from old Maryland and Virginia fam- ilies. Four children have blessed their union, James Henrie, Ira A. and Joseph A., who are living, and Archeantus, who died at Rockland, Idaho, when nine months old. JACOB S. MEYER. The record of a well-spent life is a glorious legacy to leave to a man's children, and among the honored pioneers and active public men of the state, long connected with its advancement and its public institutions, creating and maintaining an unblemished record, the name of the late Jacob S. Meyer will long be remembered for his grand work as a citizen, and the financial success which rewarded his honorable and diligent ef- forts, leaving as he did a valuable estate to his widow and children, and also the far more valu- able heritage of a noble life. Mr. Meyer was born in Holt county, Mo., on March 10, 1856, a son of George and Mary A. (Kunkel) Meyer, the father being a native of Baden, Germany, and the mother of Pennsylvania. The parental grandparents of Mr. Meyer, Andrew and Mary Meyer, who emigrated from Germany about 1833, located eventually in Holt county, Mo., where their son George was long engaged in farming* and stockraising, and with his cherished wife is still residing, being retired from business and tranquilly passing the evening of their lives in the beautiful home their industrious energies have created. In his earlier years George Meyer was much in public life and was a valiant sol- dier of the Union in the bitter struggle of the Civil War. His wife was a daughter of Jacob and Barbara (Acton) Kunkel, natives of Penn- sylvania and descendants of German and Eng- lish ancestors, her father being a farmer and stockman and a prominent man in the commun- ity. This worthy couple had thirteen children, five of whom are living. Jacob A. Meyer, after instruction in the public schools of his home dis- trict, attended a commercial college at Leaven- worth, Kan., thereafter being identified with merchandising in the employ of his father, soon becoming associated with John A. Ross as a partner in their store at Forbes, Mo., where they were successfully engaged in trade. On account of failing health in 1878 Mr. Meyer visited Wyo- ming, where the invigorating climate, so restored him that. in 1880 he returned to Missouri and sold all of his interests in that state to become a permanent resident of this young, vigorous commonwealth. Here he at once engaged largely in the raising of sheep, subsequently changing his flocks to herds of cattle, and continuing in this profitable branch of agriculture until his kv mentable death on July 30, 1898. His own busi- ness, although of scope and importance, did not occupy his time and energies, for his aid and personal influence were largely given to the sup- port of measures and operations of public in- terest and utility, being long a most useful mem- ber of the board of State Farm Commissioners and its honored president. In many other ways, and in widely varying directions, were his ser- vices rendered for the public good, and at the time of his death he was very efficiently holding the superintendency of the State Experiment Farm. In the higher relation of social and re- ligious life Mr. Meyer held a conspicuous place. He was prominently connected with the organi- zation and upbuilding of the Methodist Epis- copal church of Lander, where' he held member- ship and was an efficient and liberal officer of the same. In* Masonic circles he was held in high regard, being affiliated with the lodge at Lander and with the Woodmen of the World in the same city. On his homestead, on which he filed 560 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. in 1880, having bought the improvements already made on the place, he made valuable improve- ments, increasing the acreage until it now con- sists of 480 acres of prolific meadow land, pos- sessing plenty of water and timber for all its needs, containing a most productive orchard of excellent varieties of select fruit. In this branch of his husbandry Mr. Meyer took great interest and was of practical benefit to the community, by the object lesson afforded by the result of his horticultural endeavors. On December 22, 1880, Mr. Meyer and Miss Carrie B. Blum were united in marriage. She was born on October 26, 1858, at St. Joseph, Mo., a daughter of Henry -and Theresa (Westerman) Blum, na- tives of Germany, her father, a cabinetmaker by trade, coming to the United States when a young man and, after a valiant service in the Mexican war, making his home in Missouri and becom- ing an active man of affairs, holding many pub- lic offices with pronounced credit, serving among the number as councilman and sheriff. Both her parents are now residing in the fulness of years in their Missouri home at St. Joseph, her pater- nal grandfather, Henry, and his good wife also passing their later life in the same state. Mr. and Mrs. Meyer were parents of three children, Julia A., Minnie P. and Nellie P., and on the pleasant, homestead, sanctified to her by so many associations of her dear departed husband,, Mrs. Meyer maintains her home, cheered in her lone- liness by the thought that the entire section of the county of her residence remembered her hus- band as a loving husband, an affectionate father and a worthy citizen of unblemished character. JOSEPH M. MILLER. It is with pleasure that the historian takes pen to trace the life of a truly self-made man, who, after long years of toil, exertion, deprivations and thrilling experiences, at last finds himself in independent and prosperous circumstances, maintaining a position of honor and dignity among his fellows, and having the satisfaction of knowing that this has been brought about by bis own industry, his own thrift and the daily exhibition of valuable characteristics of the best citizenship. These sage reflections have passed through our mind in considering the life and ac- tivities of Joseph M. Miller, a prosperous ranch- man on Smith's Fork at Robertson, Wyoming, who has well earned the noble position in which he stands among his 'neighbors, who have known and prized him for many years. Mr. Miller was born near Hagerstown, Md., on May 5, 1.851, and he has consequently more than rounded out a half-century of useful activities. His parents were Michael and Wilhelmina (Powley) Miller, his paternal grandfather, Jacob Miller, being a worthy descendant of his German ancestors who came to Pennsylvania in years far antedating the American Revolution. Both the Powley and Miller families continued to inhabit Pennsylvania soil for generations and here both the father and mother of Mr. Miller had birth. Being doubly orphaned at an early age, his home for some years was with one of his aunts in Pennsylvania, but, while yet in his teens, his spirit of indepen- dence induced him to take his fortune in his own hands and carve out his livelihood and acquire wealth by his unaided efforts. So he engaged in rafting on the Susquehanna River and soon commenced his long western journey by remov- ing to Missouri, where were given his initial efforts in the care of stock, a business ultimately to become one of great importance to him. He also was there connected with railroading, mov- ing on to Kansas, he was there industriously en- gaged in agriculture until 1881, which year marks the date of his entry to Wyoming. Mak- ing his home at Fort Bridger, he was in the em- ploy of the Carters for a time, and had a con- tract to put up hay on the adjacent meadows, continuing this until the reservation was thrown open for settlement, when he made the third claim on the land of the reservation, filing on and thus securing the 160 acres where is now his home, which is but a short distance from the site of Fort Supply, which was built by the Mor- mons in the first exodus to Utah. His ranch is quite a hive of industry, for in addition to his fanning and stock-raising operations, Mr. Miller owns and conducts a store, at which is located PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 56i Robertson postoffice, of which Mrs. Miller is the capable postmistress, she having been commis- sioned to that office in 1893, upon the establish- ment of the office, and being in tenure of that position until the present time, with the excep- tion of an interval of two years when she resigned it. Mr. Miller married Miss Helen Creekmore, a daughter of Calvin L. and Mahala (Ross) Creekmore, near Winston, Md., on November 1, 1880. Her father was a son of Horatio and Lourania (Meadows) Creekmore, both natives of Virginia, tracing their lineage back to France but through long years of American residence, while her mother's parents were John and Eliza- beth (Chitwood) Ross, also natives of Virginia. Her father was a lawyer of reputation and ability, being a popular county attorney for eight years, still later acquiring added dignity by his admin- istration of justice as a circuit judge of Whitley county, Ky. An honored and esteemed couple, himself and wife are pleasantly passing the evening twilight of their lives at Richmond, Ky. Mr. and Mrs. Miller have had ten children, Clyde M., died in infancy ; J. Nestor, deceased; Mabel M. ; Maud J. ; Nellie W. ; Clara ; Wilhelmina and Joseph M. (twins) ; Agnes; Hazel, all living ex- cept the first two named. Mr. Miller is one of the school trustees of his district, and his in- fluence is strongly felt in all important matters of the community. In business operations he devotes himself principally to his fine herd of thoroughbred and graded Hereford cattle and is one of the representative stockmen of his district. DAVID M. MORRIS. For more tha twenty-seven years this gen- tleman has resided in Wyoming and his name is inseparably connected with the almost illimit- able cattle interest as one of the oldest and most experienced range men of the state. He is thor- oughly western in his spirit and his loyalty to his employers and his ability to discharge worthilv important trusts long since gained the unbounded confidence of the large corporation he formerly served, besides winning for him a permanent place in the esteem of the- public. Among his leading characteristics are his fine sense of or- der, complete system and the habit of giving care- ful attention to details, without which success in any undertaking is never an assured fact. He is a gentleman of high intrinsic worth, being well entitled to mention in this compendium of biography devoted to Wyoming's representative men of affairs. David M. Morris is a native of Greene county, Pa., where his birth occurred on October 6, i860. His father, Jonathan Morris, is also of Pennsylvanian birth and a descendant of old families represented in the United States ever since Colonial times. By occupation Jona- than Morris is a farmer and is still pursuing that calling in his native county and state. He served gallantly during the great Civil War as a lieutenant in a Pennsylvania regiment, entering the army at the beginning of the struggle and remaining with his command until its close, par- ticipating in many of the bloody battles of the rebellion. Charlotte Rinehart, wife of Jonathan Morris and mother of the subject of this review, was born in Pennsylvania, there married her hus- band in Greene county, where she is now living. Their son, David M. Morris, remained with his parents until fifteen years old when he left home and entered the struggle of life upon his own re- sponsibility, coming to Wyoming in 1875 an ^ shortly after his arrival entered the employ of the Swan Brothers Cattle Co., at that time under the management of S. Doty, who initiated the lad into his new line of duty. He remained un- der Mr. Doty for three years but continued with the company ■ until 1898, the name of the firm changing three times during the intervening time, the last style being the Swan Land & Cat- tle Co. During the last seven years passed with this corporation, Mr. Morris was the roundup foreman, in which capacity he had full charge of all the range work, spending the greater part of the time on the Chugwater. His repeated pro- motions from a very subordinate position to the most important station within the gift of the firm was a glowing compliment to his integrity and bore eloquent testimony to his ability and sound judgment as a manager of that very im- portant work. He won the unbounded confi- 562 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF IVY MIX G. dence of his employers and was frequently con- sulted by them relative to the business policies to be pursued. His record while thus engaged is without the shadow of suspicion, and, when he resigned his position in 1898, the management parted with his services with much reluctance. After severing- his connection with this company, Mr. Morris in the above year took up a home- stead about nineteen miles southwest of Wheat- land, Wyo., and engaged in cattleraising, one year later purchasing a ranch on Sybylle Creek, in the same locality, which from that time to the present he has occupied, devoting the sum- mer seasons to putting up hay and passing the winters in running cattle on the range, with his headquarters on the homestead ranch. The lat- ter place consists of 160 acres of fine range land, the ranch on the creek embracing an area of 240 acres, all well irrigated and finely adapted for the raising of a superior quality of hay. The two places join and together form a fine estate, which in time will become one of the most valu- able landed properties in this part of Laramie county. Mr. Morris was married in Laramie, Wyo., on August 21, 1897, to Miss Daisy M. Curtis of Iowa, a daughter of Wells and Caroline (Wemple) Curtis, natives respectively of New York and Pennsylvania. For five years prior to her marriage Mrs. Morris taught in the pub- lic schools, principally in the county of Laramie, and was favorably known as an experienced and successful instructor. She is the mother of one child, Jonathan M. Morris, born August 14, 1901. JAMES KIME. A typical pioneer, with a frontier experience of thrilling interest in at least two states, a serv- iceable and valued public official, with a genius for administration, ably displayed at critical times, a business man of capacity and breadth of view, an enterprising, progressive and estimable citizen, James Kime has exemplified the sterling traits of character belonging to long lines of dis- tinguished ancestry, which have at all times won recognition in the annals of the great Northwest. He was born in Chester county, Pa., on March 7, 1836, the son of John and Catherine (Urner) Kime, natives of Pennsylvania, descended from old Colonial families that emigrated from Hol- land in very early American times. Both fami- lies distinguished themselves in the Revolution and made honorable records in all the subsequent wars of our country ; both have held also high places in every line of civil and official life. John Kime was a hotelkeeper and farmer in his na- tive state, and there were reared his family of five children, three of whom are now living. James Kime attended the public schools and as- sisted on the farm and in the hotel until he was twenty-one years of age, then sought the large field and waiting opportunity presented in the fair virgin West as it existed then, himself and his brother, Levi Kime, being among the first white men to turn over the sod of Nebraska, where Levi continues living. He remained in that region two summers and also one winter. In 1858, under the gold excitement of the period, he joined an expedition to Pike's Peak, arriving on Cherry Creek about the middle of November and camping on the ground now covered by the city of Denver. There he bought lots and built cabins, intending to make the place his home for a while, but in the spring of 1859 the gold ex- citement swept over the settlement and he joined the stampede. After an experience of three years in the mountains he concluded that mining was not his proper calling, and moving to the vicinity of Colorado Springs, he engaged in ranching. Owing to bad health he soon after abandoned this enterprise and started a mercan- tile business, in its interest traveling through southern Colorado and New Mexico. While do- ing this he stopped for a year at Leadville or Oro City, and also passed one season on Cache Creek, a tributary of the Arkansas. This was in 1866, when the Union Pacific was building. When news of the laying-out of Cheyenne reached him he went there with two teams, arriving at the place while it was yet but a city of canvas, hav- ing only one house and that built of logs. The railroad was then 100 miles from the tented city and Mr. Kime conducted a freight and pas- senger line from its terminus to Chevenne. con- JAMES KIME. PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 563 tinuing the business until the great highway reached the town, then engaging in a transfer and express business in the city. In the midst of his prosperity, and while he was pushing his pro- fitable business for all it was worth, he was laid up with a severe attack of rheumatism, which kept him a prisoner for three years, much of the time m a helpless condition, and exhausted 'the most of the earnings of his life so far, the balance be- ing taken by a trusted but unfaithful employe. With two small teams and wagons, all that he had saved from the wreck of his fortunes, he came to South Pass City, Wyoming, locating at Atlantic City, and began hauling material and cordwood to the Miner's < Delight. region, follow- ing these commodities after a short time with general merchandise. In 1871 he there estab- lished a small store, and in 1872 he was appointed postmaster at Miner's Delight. This position he held continuously until 1900, a period of twenty- seven years. He kept on merchandising until 1 90 1 when he removed to his ranch on the Little Popo Agie, twelve miles south of Lander and one west of Dallas. In 1873, and for some time af- terwards, he owned a controlling interest in the Miner's Delight mine, mill and other appurten- ances, and during this time the Indians were very troublesome, the Arapahoes making at least monthly raids for the stealing of stock. Fre- quently they killed settlers and destroyed prop- erty which they did not carry off. In one raid ten or twelve men were killed and four of Mr. Kime's mules were stolen. Mr. Kime has at all times taken an earnest and an intelligent in- terest in all community affairs and in 1872 was elected the county commissioner of Sweetwater county on the Democratic ticket. This large county at that time embraced an immense extent of country, including all of the mining camps, Green River, Rock Springs and several hundred miles along the line of the Union Pacific Rail- road and it extended as far north as the Yellow- stone Park. The duties of his office were prodig- ious in volume and difficult, yet he discharged them with such intelligence and fidelity and with such general satisfaction, that he was re- elected in 1874 and made chairman of the board. 35 In 1886 he was elected to the lower house of the Territorial Legislature and in 1892 was chosen State Senator from his county. In the larger forum thus opened to him he well sustained the reputation for knowledge of affairs and skill in administration which he had won in a smaller one. Fraternally, he is identified with the order of Freemasons, having been made a Mason in 1864 at Colorado Springs, Colo. He was mar- ried on April 11, 1874, -to Miss Caroline Chapin, a native of Baden Baden, Germany, where she was born on July 3, 1828. The ceremony was performed at South Pass City, where the bride was then living. She owns a ranch of 160 acres on Twin Creek and Mr. Kime has one of 320 on Little Popo Agie. Both of these ranches are de- voted to the production of superior breeds of cat- tle and horses and both yield large returns. Mr. and Mrs. Kime occupy an exalted place in pub- lic esteem and are ornaments to the social life and citizenship of the county. GEORGE A. MYERS. A native son of the West, as a child and a man witnessing its marvelous and unparalleled growth and prosperity, by his enterprise and in- dustry and successful business operations taking an active part in its development, George A. Myers of Fort Bridger, Wyoming, was born on August 7, 1865, in that portion of Utah, that by later segregation is now Wyoming. He is the son of John W. and Sarah Myers, both natives of England, and was the youngest of their five chil- dren, whose names we will here record : Mrs. Leonard ; George ; John, deceased ; Mary, de- ceased ; Frank B., of Alamogordo, N. M. ; Nellie, wife of W. L. Leonard of Evanston ; George A. The father was a pioneer of Utah and one of the makers of its civilization. In England he re- ceived an excellent technical education in the trade of carpentry on the estate of an earl and in this new part of the world his services were greatly in derrtand. He was a man of strong character, took a leading part in the affairs of the Democratic party and was conspicuous as a mem- ber of the Church of Latter Day Saints. He i 564 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. possessed a fine stock ranch on the Bear River, where he gave careful attention to the extensive raising of superior breeds of cattle and horses, dying, after an unusually active life, on April 27, 1901, being survived by his wife. In the pub- lic schools of Hilliard, Wyo., George A. Myers received the foundation of his education, but the knowledge there acquired has been largely sup- plemented by self-culture, extensive reading and in the comprehensive school of experience. In 1894 he engaged in sheepraising, purchasing as his initial band 500 lambs. Under his careful oversight they rapidly increased and he now runs a band of over 3,000 sheep, being prospered in his undertakings as a result of his discriminating care and watchful attention. Mr. Myers and partners are the owners of a fine sheep range of 8,400 acres situated in -Summit county,' Utah, which is well-watered by mountain streams and very suitable for the conduct of this branch of agricultural enterprise. He is an esteemed mem- ber of Shelton Lodge, No. 92, Knights of Pythias, located at Shelton, Neb., joining this lodge during a residence at that place from 1889 to 1894. Aside from this period of time his en- tire life has been passed in the West, and here he has made many friends and is in the full tide of a prosperous enterprise that bids fair to bring him wealth. Mr. Myers is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church and a man of broad and accurate judgment in religious, politi- cal and civil life. He is allied in politics with the Republican party, but has no desire for politi- cal office or emoluments, being one of the best types of the citizens of the state. HENRY WILLIAM BANKS. This representative citizen of Hilliard Flats is a native of England, where he was born in Staffordshire near Bilston, on July 5, 1838, a son of William and Lydia (Cooksey) Banks, natives of England, where his father was an im- portant man and a successful mine owner for a long term of years, and where his death occurred at an advanced age. His mother also came of an oldtime English family and, like his father, died in England. Henry William Banks received the advantages of a public school education and also instructions under tutors and at excellent pri- vate schools during his early youth and, upon assuming the responsibilities of life for himself, engaged in the grocery business which he con- ducted for about five years. He was a thought- ful and a devout youth and while engaged in merchandising prepared himself for a classical life by close application to and study of religious and theological works and, entering the ministry of the Primitive Methodist church, he preached with great acceptability for about five years. De- voting himself then to civil engineering he be- came interested in mining and to this important enterprise he devoted about twenty years of his active life, and then, in 1882, emigrated to the United States and settled at Alma, Wyoming, where his first connection with American in-, dustries was as one of the bosses of the pit in a mine. In 1885 he came to Hilliard Flats and lo- cated 160 acres of government land and also pur- chased a ranch also containing jc6o acres, it be- ing one of the finest on Hilliard Flats, and on this fine estate he has since made his home and developed the property into a profitable and at- tractive ranch, which he conducted with eminent success for some years but, fortune having favored his efforts, he is now living practically retired from active business operations, and his home is one of the pleasantest places of L T inta county. On October 18, 1862, Mr. Banks was married in England to Miss Elizabeth Robinson, a daughter of Thomas and Elizabeth (Wastel) Robinson, natives of Yorkshire, England, where her father was a farmer. Mr. Banks has al- ways taken an active part in political affairs, and has been prominently connected with the Re- publican party with whose principles and policies he has been in pronounced accord and to which he gives his active support. His intelligent pre- sentation of public matters has caused his opinion and judgment to be highly respected and won him a host of friends in his party relations. He has not placed himself as a seeker for political office, but has accepted the useful position of school trustee and is also the justice of the peace PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 565 for his precinct. In local circles he is widely known as a public spirited man and a leader in all public enterprises to which his time, atten- tion and financial support are freely given. Leadership and prominence do not come to in- dividuals as occurrences of chance, but, like everything else, they are subject to the universal laws of development and selection, and arise from powers inherent in and concentered in the organ- ization of the man himself. The leader places his individuality upon a movement, and its suc- cess is well-nigh assured. Men everywhere flock to second the efforts he has originated and to support him by their combined energies and creative skill. Such has been the history of many successful causes and of critical epochs in the lives of nations. The same qualities are re- quired to originate and develop affairs and plans of action in small communities and in the smaller civil and political divisions as to forward national affairs to success. The difference is merely one of degree, and Mr. Banks has ably demonstrated by his successful results in the past that he possesses the necessary elements of character and abilities to win honors in a wider field and amid larger opportunities. WILLIAM T. ADAMS. Prepared for business and public usefulness by careful training in the public schools of Alma, Neb., and by association through life with en- terprising and progressive men, William T. Adams, register of the U. S. land-office at Lan- der, Wyoming, is realizing the promise of his youth and exemplifying the lessons of his com- munion with men. He was born at Geneva, Kane county, III, on July 2, 1871, a son of Amos E. and Jennie I. (Middleton) Adams, the latter of whom was born on the Atlantic during the passage of her parents from England to the United States. Their eldest child, William T. Adams, after completing his education, entered commercial life as a clerk and salesman for E. Amoretti, Sr., following his usefulness to him with valued service in the same capacity for Messrs. Baldwin & Earle, whose employment he left to accept the position of deputy county clerk, which he held for nearly two and one-half years. He was then in charge of the electric lighting plant of Lander for nearly a year and passed the next five years as clerk and book- keeper in the lumber business. On December 14, 1898, he was appointed by President McKinley as register of the U. S. land-office at Lander, a position of great responsibility and importance, as its operations cover all transactions within its scope in Bighorn county and portions of Fre- mont and Uinta counties. In the discharge of his official duties he has won golden opinions as to his capacity and fidelity from all classes of people, and given satisfactory service to a large body of patrons, fully justifying the expecta- tions concerning his efficiency raised from a long and active participation in public affairs in the county and state, this being fully demon- ' strated when in 1903 he received a reappoint- ment as register at the hands of President Roosevelt. He has served acceptably as secre- tary of the Republican county central committee and its executive committee in important cam- paigns, and has contributed essentially in that position to the welfare of his party, in 1902 be- ing the unanimous choice of his party for the office of county clerk and clerk of the District Court. He has also secured by industry and thrift a considerable interest in the stock busi- ness of Natrona county. Fraternally, he is affiliated with the Masonic fraternity in Lander Lodge No. 2, holding membership also in the order of the Woodmen of the World at Lander. • OYER C MORGAN. Oyer C. Morgan, proprietor of the Mountain View Hotel and the Black Horse livery barn, and also of the leading meat market in Basin, and owner and manager of one of the most pro- ductive and desirable ranches on the No Wood, is one of the 'influential, enterprising and pro- gressive citizens of Basin, to whom the town and surrounding country owes much of its advanced state of development and improvement. He was born and reared in Iowa, living, from his birth 5 66 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. on February 7, 1846, to his legal majority on a farm in that state which belongs to and was worked by his parents, Anson D. and Sarah A. (Bonine) Morgan, who settled there on moving from their native Illinois in their early married life. His first venture in business on his own account was farming in his native county, which he followed for years, then moved to Dakota and farmed there for two years more, at the end of that time returning to Iowa, where for four years he was engaged in a fruit and confec-' tionery business at Perry. In 1884 he went to California and after a residence of two years in that state came to Wyoming, locating at Hyatt- ville. There for two years he was clerk and salesman in the store of S. W. Hyatt and then moved to Bonanza, where he conducted a hotel for two years. Tiring of this business, he located the fine ranch which he still owns on the No Wood, and which comprises 240 acres of excel- lent land, admirably adapted to the stock in- dustry in which he has since been actively en- gaged, handling both cattle and horses of high grades. He also carries the mails by contract between Garland and Basin and Basin and Hyattville. In 1902 he took up his residence at Basin, becoming proprietor of the excellent hos- telry known as the Mountain View Hotel and of the Black Horse livery and feed-barn, both of which he has since been conducting with enter- prise and breadth of view, keeping them up-to- date in every particular, and extending their, patronage and popularity with a steady and un- broken enlargement. Since coming to the town he has also opened a rr;eat market, which is one of the mercantile features of the place and en- joys a large and valuable trade among the best people of the community, it being conducted, as all his enterprises are, with integrity, close at- tention to the wants of its patrons and a strict application of good business principles. In fraternal relations Mr. Morgan is an esteemed member of the Independent Order of Odd Fel- lows and the Modern Woodmen of America. He was married at Buffalo, Wyo., on June 16, 1887, to Miss Belle Gabbert, a native of Iowa. They have two sons, Noel and Ursal C. FRANK BULL. The spirit of resolute determination, religious independence and restless, all-conquering energy that drove the Pilgrim Fathers from their native land into the dangers and privations of the New World, enabling them to build in the very wil- derness an empire imbued with their lofty ideals of freedom and their unconquerable spirit, sur- vives in their descendants with the modifications engendered by circumstances and shows itself wherever they plant themselves in opposition to adverse conditions. The Doty ancestors of Frank Bull of Rome, Wyoming, a member of the firm of O'Neall & Bull, merchants and cattlemen with headquarters at that place, came over in the May- flower with the first pilgrims, and were zealous and energetic in all the subsequent history of New England. Both the military -and the civil annals of' that section of our country are bright- ened by their patriotic devotion to the interests of their adopted land and every walk in which they have been found has been dignified and adorned by their presence. Mr. Bull was born on February 3, 1855, in the state of New York, where his parents, Henry and Rebecca C. (Doty) Bull, were also born and where he lived until he reached man's estate, was educated and prepared for the duties of life. At the age of twenty- one he left his paternal roof and started to make his own way. in the world. He came west to Chicago and there for four years was employed as a stenographer in the passenger department of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad. In 1885 he came to Wyoming, located at Chey- enne and was there employed as bookkeeper for a cattle company for a number of years. From there he went to South Dakota and remained un- til 1893, when he came to Casper, Wyo., and be- came bookkeeper in the banking establishment and store of Richards & Cunningham. He served them faithfully until he was elected coun- ty treasurer of Natrona county. This occurred in 1896 and he was reelected in 1898. In 1900 at the end of his second term he removed to his present location and in company with Charles O'Neall (see sketch elsewhere in this volume) PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 567. started an active and high class stock business and a merchandising enterprise of commanding proportions and wide scope. Their stock is var- ied and extensive, complete enough to cover all the requirements of the neighborhood, for which it is especially selected with great care and ex- cellent judgment, being served to their patrons with a considerate attention and a courtesy of manner that gives additional pleasure in purchas- ing it. On their large and well-improved ranch they have a herd of nearly 300 fine cattle, well- kept and very carefully looked after, and which, through the attention bestowed on them from first to last, easily hold high place in the cattle markets. These enterprising gentlemen have awakened a new spirit of progress in the com- munity by their breadth of view and generous attention to every public interest and have stamped themselves indelibly on the public mind as leading citizens and promoters of the best ele- ments of citizenship. Mr. Bull is a member of the orders of Freemasons and Odd Fellows, be- ing active and influential in the councils of both. He was married at Council Bluffs, Iowa, in 1898, to Miss Lovina \< T anhorn, a native of Kan- sas. His home, like that of his partner, Mr. O'Neall, is a center of generous hospitality and good taste. He and his wife are esteemed mem- bers of the best social circles and connected with every good work in the community in which their lot has been cast. SELAR CHENEY. One of the customs of our country, which has general approval 'and is almost universally followed, is to commemorate in local geography the names of the daring pioneers whose invad- ing footsteps first stir the wild luxuriance of natural growth and start the annals of civilized man in a new country. Selar Cheney, of South Park in the Jackson Hole country of Wyoming, prominent in ranching and the cattle industry, influential in the affairs of the Mormon church, of which he is the presiding elder in his district, and a leading man in social circles, is thus me- morialized in the name of the postoffice over which he presides as the first postmaster, which was established in May, 1902. He was bom at Springville, Utah, on June 16, 1859, 'a son of Elam and Talitha (Garlic) Cheney, the former a native of Seneca county, N. Y., and the latter of the then Bedford county, Pa. The father was a farmer but learned the trade of a carpenter. He built a flouring mill and long conducted it in Utah and he is still living in Arizona. The mother died in Idaho in April, 1902, aged sev- enty-nine years. Selar Cheney was educated in the public schools of San Pete county, Utah, and after leaving school engaged in farming there until 1888 when he removed his family to Wyo- ming, and located on their present estate of 240 acres, being among the first settlers in the region and having since made in it an enduring mark of progress and improvement. On August 10, 1879, Mr. Cheney was united in marriage with Miss Mary A. Wilson of Utah, a daughter of Sylvester and Mary Wilson, whose career is re- corded on other pages of this work. The Cheney family consists of six children : Selar S., mar- ried and living near his father ; Ralph W., David H., Joseph H., the first white boy born in the Jackson Hole region ; Talitha C. and John F. Another daughter, Mary E., died in 1888 at the age of four and one-half years. As indicative of the early advent of this family into this sec- tion of country it may be noted that Effle Wilson, a daughter of Ervin and Mary J. Wilson and a granddaughter of Mrs. Mary Wilson, was the first white child born therein and her cousin, Jo- seph H. Cheney, was the first white boy. Mr. Cheney has been successfully engaged in ranch- ing and stockraising on an ascending scale and has made his home an attractive and valuable property. He has also given an impulse of quickening power to all enterprises that seemed likely to improve or advance the community, has taken active and fruitful interest in the cause of education and good government and aided by both precept and example every moral influence. In politics he is a firm and consistent Republican, but is a patriot rather than a partisan, a good citi- zen rather than an active official, discharging his duty in each capacity without fear or favor. 568 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. ALBERT A. CONANT. Through the struggles and triumphs of war and peace, through the contests of the unrolling columns on bloody battlefields and the milder and less strenuous, but more beneficent and produc- tive battles in commercial, industrial and politi- cal life, Albert A. Conant, of Basin, has come to his present estate of competence and comfort, of tranquillity and public esteem, among the peo- ple in whose midst nearly thirty years of his life have been passed. He was born in the state of New York on November 14, 1836, the son of Shubael and Clara (Hill) Conant, natives of Connecticut. In his native state he grew to the age of seventeen, working in the factories from childhood and in 1853 removing with his pa- rents to Michigan. They located near Grand Rapids, and he assisted in the work of the forest farm on which they settled until 1861, when in April, soon after the bombardment of Fort Sumter, he enlisted in the Union army as a member of Co. F, Third Michigan Infantry, ' and served in that regiment until he received at the battle of Fair Oaks a wound in the hand from a minie ball which crippled him for life. He was then discharged and returned to Michi- gan, the next year, 1863, he went to Kansas where he remained a year, then crossed the plains to Montana, reaching Alder Gulch, or Virginia City, after a long, tedious and dangerous trip, and there for three years he engaged in ranching and mining. But the spirit of adventure, awak- ened and nourished by his past experience in daring and hazardous pursuits, could not rest in the quiet of such an existence and he again started forth in search of something different. He and two companions brought to notice the geysers in what is now the celebrated Yellow- stone Park and he found himself ere long there- after at Eagle Rock, Idaho, now Idaho Falls, where he engaged in mining - for a time and then went to Arizona where he remained a year and a half. From there he came to Utah, and from Utah to Fort Hall, Idaho, where he bought a herd of cattle which he brought to Bighorn county, Wyo., where he settled and prosecuted a vigorous business in raising stock until 1882, then selling his stock and again engaged in min- ing, following this exciting but precarious in- dustry for three years. In 1885 he became in- terested in the Bonanza oil-fields and is now a large stockholder in the company organized to develop them. He also owns 160 acres of ex- cellent land on No Wood River, which he is steadily improving and developing, and has valuable holdings in the Owl Mountain copper mines. When Mr. Conant came to this part of the country it was as yet almost wholly unset- tled, the Indians being bitterly hostile to the encroachment of the whites on their domain. There were many conflicts between the con- tending forces and, in one of these which took place near where the city of Lander now stands, Mr. Conant received a dangerous wound, the marks of which are still prominent and the ef- fects are frequently felt. He had many other thrilling experiences during the period of this hostility, being in many places and situations of great danger. For a number of years he has been connected with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Grand Army of the Re- public, in the meetings of both finding much pleasure and profitable entertainment. ERNEST E. FISHER. A pioneer of 1879 m Wyoming, Ernest E. Fisher, of near Jordan, in Bighorn county, has been identified with the history of the state and one of the forceful factors in its development for nearly a quarter of a century. His native state is Illinois, and in that great empire of the Mississippi valley he was born on September 30. 1862. his parents, John W. and Nancy A. (Musser) Fisher, being natives of Pennsylvania who in their early married life settled in Illinois. When he was two years old they removed to Wisconsin and in that state he grew to the age of sixteen, attending the schools of his district as he had opportunity and assisting on the farm. He then began the battle of life for him- self by coming to Cheyenne and riding the range for the M. O. Cattle Co., and after three PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 569 years of this service, in 1881, he returned to Wisconsin, and from there went to Arizona in the employ of the North Crow Cattle Co., in 1888 driving their cattle to Nebraska, where he was a feeder for them until 1891. He was then with Becker & Deacon and had charge of their yards in South Omaha until 1894, when he took charge of Hake Bros. & Heish- am's cattle in northwestern Nebraska, in 1895 coming to the Bighorn basin, Wyoming, and locating on the No Wood River, where he en- gaged in cattleraising on his own account. He has 480 acres of ranch land and 100 fine cattle on it. He is also interested largely in oil lands, and has connection in a leading way with other industrial arid commercial enter- prises, being an active citizen, always wide- awake for any element of progress or improve- ment in the community. Such opportunities re- ceive hospitable entertainment at his hands and have his earnest and intelligent support. And while he holds unwavering allegiance to the Democratic party, in all the essentials of good citizenship in local affairs he foregoes party considerations for the general welfare of the community. Yet he renders his party good service as a worker in the ranks, and on oc- casions as its standard-bearer. In 1902 he was its candidate for county assessor, and has never shrunk from his full share of labor and responsibility in connection with its interests. He is an active worker in the order of the Knights of Pythias and in that of the Modern Woodmen of America. At Central City, Neb., in 1891, he was married to Miss Nettie M. Verigg, a native of Nebraska. They have one child, their daughter Erna. • ZACHARY T. NOBLE. The sturdy independence and love of liberty which impelled the followers of William Penn to leave the home of their forefathers and plant their domestic altars in the unbroken wilderness of the New World, daring danger, courting toil and cheerfvrily enduring all privation incident to the change, have furnished forth for the civiliza- tion, development and aggrandizement of the unknown land to which they came many of the most valuable and productive elements of our citizenship and many families of our most es- teemed citizens in different parts of the Union. One of the number, who is entitled to a high regard on account of his own sterling worth and because of the forces for good which he has set in motion by his influence and example, is Zach- ary Taylor Noble of the Bigpiney district of Uinta county, who, born at Burlington, Iowa, on No- vember 7, 1848, the day on which "Old Rough and Ready" was elected to the Presidency of the United States, very properly bears his honored name. His parents were Richard and Elizabeth (Carroll) Noble, the father a native of Pennsyl- vania and the mother of Ohio. Mr. Noble is descended from an old Irish family, some mem- bers of which left the uncongenial soil of their native Erin and came to America with the great Quaker leader, William Penn, and settled in that part of his domain now Washington county. There the family lived and flourished, pursuing with commendable industry and frugality the fruitful vocations of peace, but, although fer- vently patriotic and deeply imbued with the spirit of freedom, never taking part in any of their country's wars because of their Quaker faith. In the course of time they spread out over the new country lying to the west of them and, in this way, Richard Noble, the father of Zachary T., became a resident of Ohio. He there carried on prosperous business as a farmer and stockgrower and also worked at his trade of bricklayer. In 185 1, he crossed the plains to California, reach- ing the terminal of his long journey after much difficulty, being- obliged to walk all of the last thousand miles, although he had the best outfit that crossed the plains that year. After three years of successful mining and prospecting, he returned to New York by way of Cape Horn and soon after found an agreeable home in Des Moines county, Iowa, where he at once became prominent in politics, being the first represent- ative to the State Legislature from that county. He died there in 1891, aged eighty-three years. Zacharv T. Noble was reared and educated in 57o PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. Iowa and when he left school began farming in that state. After following this occupation there for five years, he removed to Nebraska in 1871, and, three years later, by reason. of the hard times then general throughout the country, he was obliged to relinquish all of his interests in the place where he was residing and locating then at North Platte, where he at once engaged in rid- ing the range for various large compan- ies, among them Bratt, Coe & Carter. He also rode with Cody and North and afterwards conducted an outfit out of Cheyenne for the Fron- tier Co. for five years until that company went broke. Then on account of his wife's failing health he removed to Uinta county, Wyo., and, purchasing the claim of Walter Nichols, located on the land he now occupies. His ranch con- sists of 1,120 acres, the entire tract being fenced and ditched and the property well improved. It is one of the pleasant and desirable homes of the section, largely owing its attractiveness to his industry and skill in. caring for and improving it. He also owns 320 acres in the Fall River basin. He is largely engaged in raising Hereford and Shorthorn cattle and superior breeds of horses. In fraternal relations Mr. Noble is connected with the order of Freemasons, holding member- ship in a lodge at Danville, Iowa. At Mount Pleasant, Iowa, on October 8, 1872, he was mar- ried with Miss Sarah E. Webster, a native of Lee county, Iowa, and a daughter of Caleb and Margaret A. (Wiggins) Webster, natives of Ohio. Her father was a cousin of the great American commoner, Daniel Webster. They have no children save an adopted son, Charles Powers, whose mother died at the time of his birth, and his father, a railroad engineer, was killed in the performance of his duty in a wreck on the road. This adopted son, Charles Powers, was born at Joplin, Mo., on April 28, 1880. CORNELIUS EDWARDS. The little country of Wales has sent many of her sons to the United States and they invari- ably prove sterling citizens, intelligent, industri- ous and manifest forces for usefulness in the ' communities where they have established their homes. Cornelius Edwards, the popular and ef- ficient chief engineer of the Kemmerer coal mines is one of this class. He was born in South Wales hi August, 1856, a son of Thomas and Elizabeth (Thomas) Edwards, who descended from fam- ilies resident in Wales from time immemorial. At an early age becoming practically acquainted with the theories of engineering, it did not take Mr. Edwards long to acquire the actual workings of that trade and, after the family migration to Utah in 1873, as a portion of the Mormons yearly addition to the population of the Prom- ised Land, which he accompanied, the new home was made at Evanston, Wyoming, where the mother is now residing, the father closing his stay on earth in October, 1895, at the age of seventy-eight years. Cornelius Edwards, one of the ten children of his parents now living, was thoroughly equipped for his life in the West by , his complete knowledge of his trade and took the position of chief engineer at the U. P. mines at Almy, Wyo., holding this with great capabil- ity until the mines were closed as the result of the great explosion, following which he was en- gaged in the same capacity at Spring Valley, performing here his duties in the same compe- tent manner that had characterized his work at Almy. In 1900 he took charge of the mining machinery at Frontier, and is the present incum- bent of the chief engineer's office, being sober, industrious and capable and one to whom the higher trusts can be safely given. He is a public- spirited citizen, popular in the community and in the fraternal societies of the United Workmen and the Woodmen of the World. His earnest la- bors in the business field have brought him satis- factory financial results, tangible evidence of this being shown in his fine residence at Evanston and the productive ranch on Black's Fork in the Fort Bridger country, where he is quite exten- sively engaged in profitable stockraising. In Evanston, Wyo., on April 22, 1874. Mr. Ed- wards and Miss Eliza Blight, a daughter of Philip Blight, were joined in matrimony and from that union has resulted eleven children. Mary |., the wife of Arthur E. Robinson of PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 571 Frontier ; Christmas, married and living at Ev- anston, where he is employed in the railroad shops; Gertrude, wife of George Fife of Evans- ton; Cornelius; Hattie ; Philip; Simon; Edna; Otto and Effie (twins) ; and one who died in infancy. The family occupies a distinguished position in the community and are in the mem- bership of the Church of the Latter Day Saints in Evanston, being loyal to their church, them- selves and the well-being of society. AARON MYERS. One of the leading attorneys of Southern Wyoming, one who is earning a high rank as a mining and an irrigation attorney, is Aaron Myers, now of the city of Encampment, Carbon county. A native of Urbana, Ohio, he was born on October 27, 1872, the son of Wildey and Eliza (Waugh) Myers, the former a native of Ohio and the latter a native of the county of Orange in Virginia. His paternal grandfather, whose name was also Aaron Myers, was also a native of Virginia, who removed to Ohio during the early period of the settlement of that com- monwealth, being one of its earliest pioneers. He established his home in the county of Cham- paign and followed farming. His maternal grandfather, Alexander Waugh, also a native of Virginia, enlisted as a private in the U. S. army of the War of 18 12, and served with distinction, being promoted for gallantry in action and being mustered out at the end of his service as cap- tain. At the close of the war he returned to his former home in Virginia and there remained un- til his death in the later fifties. He was a large property owner, the proprietor of one of the great plantations of Virginia, and the owner of many slaves. The father of Aaron Myers was a prominent scholar of Ohio, and a professor in various institutions of learning of the state up to the time of his death, which occurred at the early age of thirty years. He possessed ability and high attainments and his untimely death was a distinct loss to the cause of education. He left but one son, Aaron. After the death of the father, the mother disposed of a portion of her property in Ohio, and with her son removed to Kansas. Here she purchased a large farm in which she still owns, and where she has since the Snokomo Valley, in Wabaunsee county, Kan., resided. Here her son passed his early boyhood, and acquired his elementary education. At the age of eleven years, his mother placed him in the preparatory department of Washburn College, at Topeka, Kan'. Here he pursued a thorough course of study and was graduated from the in- stitution in 1891 at the head of his class. He then entered the Johns Hopkins University at Baltimore, Md., there remained two years, his principal studies being Roman law, history and political economy. When he had completed this course he accepted a position as a professor in the New Windsor (Md.) College, after one year resigning this position, to enter the law depart- ment of the University of Maryland, where he pursued a full course of study. He was gradu- ated in the class of '96, which contained sixty- five members, among which he ranked as fifth. He was admitted to the bar in that year in the Baltimore courts. The death of his grandfather occurring in Ohio, he went to that state for the purpose of settling up the large estate and was occupied for several years in this. In 1899 he came to Denver, Colo., bringing with him a strong letter of recommendation from Hon. George R. Peck, the well-known railroad at- torney, which gave him standing and he entered the office of the law-firm of Rodgers, Cuthbert & Ellis, and remained with them about two years, being associated with the firm in a large amount of important litigation, and having an opportunity to familiarize himself with many im- portant points of practice. He was very success- ful in' his methods of procedure, was a close stu- dent and earned for himself an enviable position at the Denver bar. In 1901, having acquired some important interests in the new copper min- ing camp of Encampment, Wyo., he came there and concluded to remain there in the practice of his profession. He opened an office, and has met with great success. While engaged in the general practice of the law, he has confined his investigations, so far as he was able to do so, to 572 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. mining and irrigation law, believing that these are the most important branches of the law in the West. He has recently (1902) received the ap- pointment of city attorney for Encampment, and is fast earning for himself a high place in the legal profession. Fraternally, he is affiliated with the order of the* Modern Woodmen of America and takes an active interest in the fra- ternal and charitable life of the community in which he maintains his home. He is held in high regard by all classes of his fellow citizens, and is destined to become a prominent factor in the business and professional life of the state. JOHN C. DEWEY. A leader of thought and action in many ways, always first, or among the first, with any project for the advancement of his community or the benefit of its people, quick to see, vigorous to apply and intelligent to observe results, when any new effort is made or suggested for the mul- tiplication of the fruits of labor, John C. Dewey of Fairview, Uinta county, proprietor of the Dewey House, the only hotel in the place and also prominent as a farmer and merchant, is justly entitled to honorable mention in any rec- ord of the progressive men of Wyoming. Utah is the state of his nativity and he was born on April 12, 1859, his parents, John C. and Mary (Allen) Dewey, being natives of England and Iowa respectively, who came to Utah in 1852. The father was a farmer and a citizen of great enterprise and public spirit. In 1855 he settled on land now occupied by the city of Dewey and saw the town develop and grow to size and con- sequence around him. He was the bishop of the Mormon church in that district until his ■ death in 1897. His wife was the daughter of Jude and Mary A. Allen, who were born and reared in Iowa and came to Utah in 1847. Her father was a prominent man in local affairs, with influence in every circle of thought and effort. Mr. Dewey was one of tbe thirteen children of his mother, bis father having married twice and being the parent of nineteen. Twelve of these are living and prospering in various lines of enterprise. John was educated in the public school of Brig- ham City and after there completing his stud- ies he engaged in both farming and stockgrow- ing until 1888, when he travelled to Wyo- ming, and, here locating on government land before it had been surveyed, immediately be- gan to experiment in raising grain, princi- pally wheat and oats. He was the first man to make the attempt to grow the cereals in this val- ley and his experiment was watched with close attention. In time he came to be recognized as the model farmer of the neighborhood, for his example was in many ways stimulating and help- ful to others. In 1896 he purchased a property suitable for the purpose and started a mercantile business which he has since been conducting. He also bought the hotel property now known as the Dewey House, and has from his purchase conducted it as a hotel of excellent character and complete and comfortable equipment. It is the only hotel in the town, but is not on that account neglected by its management, or left short of anything required for its proper conduct and the welfare and enjoyment of its guests. Mr. Dewey still owns his home farm, a highly improved tract of eighty acres, one-half its original size. He is interested in cattle, being also a busy and forceful promoter of many utilities for the bene- fit of the community. He is president of the Fair- view Waterworks Co., was one of the committee to get the local telephone plant installed, they be- ing obliged to guarantee an annua! revenue for it of $2,500 to secure it and he was on the commit- tee charged with the construction of tbe Stake tabernacle at Afton. From youth he has taken an active part in politics and also in church af- fairs. He has served as chairman of the county central committee of his party and also as pre- cinct chairman and was the postmaster at Fair- view for six years. In 1900 he was nominated for the lower house of the State Legislature, but notwithstanding his popularity was unable to overcome the large hostile majority which is normal in his county. In church affairs he has been prominent and influential, serving from 1889 to 1898 as the first bishop of his ward, and giving freely of his time and energy to church PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 573 work in many other ways. A few years ago, conceiving the idea that fruit could be success- fully grown in this valley, he set out a number of trees and was eminently successful in the ven- ture, having had the pleasure of raising the first apples ever produced in this section. His or- chards are 'young, but very promising and their product is of superior quality. On January 24, 1878, at Salt Lake City, Mr. Dewey married with Miss Sarah A. Child, a native of Utah, daughter of Orville R. and Sarah U. (Rawson) Child, the former born and reared in New York and the latter in Illinois. The father was a man of intelligence and breadth of view, highly es- teemed as a citizen and very active and useful in the councils of the church. He was a coun- sellor to the bishop for a number of years and at one time was a missionary among the Indians. Mr. and Mrs. Dewey have had ten children, six are now living. They are : Annie Urinda, "now the wife of Chester Sessions of Fairview ; Mary Eliza, now the wife of Joseph Manghan of Pres- ton, Idaho; John C, attending the Brigham Young College at Logan, Utah ; and George W., Horace R. and Jennie Myrtle, living at home. Those deceased are Orville L., who died in Sep- tember, 1898, aged thirteen ; Ida Matilda, who died in July, 1901, aged thirteen; Joseph V., who died in September, 1901, aged seven; Lula, born on April 26, 1903, and died the same day. REGINALD C. HUNT. Holding a leading place among the busi- ness men of Fremont county, and with an ac- quaintanceship extending among the represen- tative people of the state, Reginald C. Hunt, the popular and efficient postmaster of Atlantic City, Wyoming, finds here the lines.of life run- ning in smooth and symmetrical grooves. Hold- ing a high place among the citizens of this sec- tion, by his natural ability, his superior educa- tion and his correct manner of living a record of his life is demanded in this record of the pro- gressive men of Wyoming. Descending from families for long generations holding high rank in commercial circles in England, his fa- ther being a wealthy shipowner and merchant, buying and selling entire cargoes of vessels, Mr. Hunt was born in London, England, on Jan- uary 26, 1 87 1, a grandson of Robert C. Hunt and a son of Joseph C. and Jemima L. (Wild) Hunt, the father dying when Reginald was but three years of age, while the mother still main- tains her home in London, two of her three children also residing in England. The young- est of the family, on the education of Reginald C. Hunt much pains and money were well ex- pended. He was a natural and enquiring stu- dent and, following the early educational dis- cipline he received in the ablest preliminary schools of London and Germany, he was ma- triculated at the celebrated University of Heid- elberg, where he took and maintained a high rank, and was duly graduated therefrom. Re- turning to London he soon emigrated to America, coming to Wyoming in 1888, and en- gaging in various occupations until 1893, when he formed a business association with J. J. Steffen in a drug establishment, and, being prospered and making many friends, not long thereafter he purchased his partner's interest, becoming the sole proprietor, adding to the stock and departments of trade until he has now a complete line of drugs and medicines, and a valuable stock of clocks, watches, jewelry, etc., having an appreciative patronage and possessing a rapidly increasing trade of cumu- lative dimensions. His business methods have met the approval of the people and on August 16, 1900, he was appointed the postmaster of Atlantic City and is now the incumbent of that responsible office, meeting with general ap- proval in his administration. He is a very public spirited gentleman, taking interest in and aiding every movement for the benefit and moral uplift of the community, and has efficient- ly, filled the office of city marshal. An active member of the Republican party, his services are loyally given to -the support of its candidates and principles, while fraternally he belongs to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, hold- ing membership at Douglas. In social and society life the family of Mr. Hunt takes prom- 574 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. inent station, standing among the leaders in entertainments and social functions, his mar- riage with Miss Lenora Harsch, on March 8, 1899, connecting him with the best pioneer elements of the state, her parents, Philip and Elizabeth Harsch, being oldtimers, and she a native of Atlantic City. For ancestral data of Mrs. Hunt, the reader is referred to the his- tory of Mr. Harsch, appearing elsewhere in this volume. Mr. and Mrs. Hunt have a widely extended acquaintance, which covers a large area and is not confined to Wyoming, and among their personal friends are the lead- ing citizens of the state. JOHN ALBERT GUILD. One of the active, progressive sons of the West, whose enterprising spirit is a decided factor in the business, social and political circles of Ujnta county and in its surrounding territory, John A. Guild, of Lyman, Wyoming, can well feel assured that he has a large num- ber of strong and effective friendships among the people of his section, who esteem him not only for his marked business capacity and financial shrewdness, but also on account of .his many winning and pleasing qualities of head and heart. His parents are Charles and Mary M. (Cardon) Guild, honored pioneers of Pied- mont, and their interesting careers and ances- try are preserved on other pages of this volume. Their son, John A. Guild, was born in Lehi, Utah, on January 4, 1865, and in early life he came with his parents to Wyoming. He has grown with the growth of the state, acquiring his education not only in the public schools, but in the broad and comprehensive school of experience that his diversified business opera- tions have brought him through. His initial commercial activities were undertaken at Rock- Springs, Wyo., where he conducted a mercan- tile establishment until 1900; and during the years from 1890 to 1894 he was in a business association in butchering and selling meat with A. Luman. For the first year of his stay at Rock Springs he was also the manager of the meat business of Charles Guild & Sons, at that place. In 1900 he disposed of his interests there and, then removing to Lyman, became the superintendent and manager of the store of the Guild Mercantile Co., being one of the di- rectors of the corporation and also a director of the Guild Land & Live Stock Co., being also the president of these two companies for the year ending February 1, 1903. Mr. Guild is a working member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, giving freely of his time, means and energy to advance its cause, and. is the present superintendent of the religion classes of Woodruff Stake. Always in terested in public issues and political questions from a Democratic point of view, he has been much in evidence in the local counsels of his party, where his influence has often been a de- cisive feature. He was once the Democratic candidate for State Senator, but the large ad- verse majority in the county was too much for even his popularity to overcome, and he was defeated, but by only 48 votes. At another time he was his party's nominee for treasurer of Sweetwater county and showed his strength among the people as a minority candidate by the remarkable feat for a Democrat in that county by coming within thirty-two votes of an election. He has clone good service as a school trustee and, on October it, 1900, he was commissioned by President McKinley as the postmaster of Bench, and when the name of the office was changed to Lyman, he was re- commissioned on December 14. igoi. In Og- den, Utah, on December 18, 1888. was solem- nized the marriage of Mr. Guild and Miss Mina Anderson, the parents of the bride being Peter and A'lartha (Hanson) Anderson, natives of Norway. Three children, Ethel, Yeda and Har- old Kensel. have come to the family home, where their many friends always receive a cor- dial reception and a bounteous hospitality. The Guild Mercantile Co. has recently erected a new and commodious building in which to display the extensive stock they carry, which comprises a large line of drygoods, groceries, furniture, boots and shoes, hardware, agricul- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 575 tural implements, in fact all things their great range of customers desires, and the business is conducted along legitimate and logical lines of procedure and holds a representative patron- age, expanding its growth and prosperity with that of the country. WILLIAM J. McGINNIS. The affable gentleman whose name heads this review and whose wife is the present post- master at Midway, Uinta county, Wyoming, and who has most efficiently filled the position since December 23, 1898, Mr. William J. McGinnis was born in Adair county, Ky., in 1848, a son of Anderson and Nancy (Preston) McGinnis, also natives of the Dark and Bloody Ground. An- derson McGinnis was of Irish parentage and was a planter. From Kentucky he moved to Nebraska, and then to Davis county, Mo,, where his death occurred in 1900 at the age of eighty- one years, his remains being interred at Wins- ton, Mo- Nancy (Preston) McGinnis was of Scotch descent, bore her husband six sons and four daughters, of which family five are still living. Of these ten children, William J. was the fourth and the eldest boy. The mother of this family was untimely called away in 1865 at the comparatively early age of forty-one years. Mr. McGinnis was educated in Kentucky and in early manhood emigrated to Utah and Nevada, where for about twenty years he was engaged in silver mining. In 1887 he came to Wyoming and took up a preemption claim of 160 acres, and a desert claim of 240 acres where he now lives and which he has all under irrigation, and, it is needless to add, under a good state of culti- vation. Here he also owns a large herd of cattle. Mr. McGinnis was joined in matrimony in Salt Lake county, Utah, in 1876, with Miss Mary H. Moore, a daughter of Samuel and Mary C. (Hawke) Moore. Samuel Moore was born in Massachusetts on January 19, 1804, died on October 26, 1883, and was buried in Utah. The maternal grandfather of Mrs. McGinnis was William Hawke, a native of Pennsylvania. The marriage of William J. and Mary H. McGinnis has been crowned with eight children, of whom seven are living, Caroline M. of Nebraska; An- derson L. ; Miranda ; Lucilla A. ; William J. ; Olive H. ; Frank R. E. The deceased child, Asa E., was born on July 17, 1889, and died at La- Barge, Wyo., November 15, 1890. Besides en- during the hardships of frontier life in the far West and assisting materially in the development of the country, Mr. McGinnis served as a Union soldier in the great Civil War in Co. C, Thirteenth Kentucky Cavalry, having enlisted on December 26, 1863, and being mustered out on March 1, 1865, during which period he partici- pated in many a hard-fought battle, among them that of Salt Works, Ky. Since his residence in Wyoming, Mr. McGinnis has done much toward the development of the country, with three others taking out the first irrigation canal in the Green River Valley, and in the promoting of its pros- perity, and with this prosperity his own has kept pace. He is public spirited and enterprising, ever ready to extend a helping hand to' the in- coming stranger. He believes in progress, and few men in Uinta county take a greater interest in its development. HON. GEORGE FERRIS. The gentleman whose eventful life it is now our high privilege to review, was during his life- time one of the best-known citizens of Carbon county, Wyoming, and one of the most honorable and enterprising cattlemen of the Platte River valley. He was born on a farm in Michigan, where he received the usual education of farm- ers' lads and passed his early manhood in the pur- suit of agriculture. He was a son of Samuel Ferris, a native of New York, who was born in 1800 and came with his wife, Sally (Spears) Ferris, to Michigan, in which state he died when nearly eighty-six years old. He was truly an American patriot and at the breaking out of the Civil War he flew to the defense of the flag of his country, enlisting in Co. D, Seventh Michi- gan Cavalry, served four years and was mus- tered out as lieutenant, having been promoted from the ranks for meritorious conduct in the 576 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. presence of the enemy. This muster-out took place at Camp Douglas, Utah, from which point Mr. Ferris returned to Michigan. Mr. Ferris shared in all the marches, battles and engage- ments in which his regiment took part and was never known to shirk his duty or to be absent from his post, except when laboring under a dis- ability caused by sickness or wounds. On his return to Michigan he remained there one year, then came to Carbon county, Wyoming, and em- ployed himself for a short time in hunting and prospecting, but soon entered into the all-per- vading cattle business, in conjunction with Joe Hurt, securing a ranch on the Platte River, twelve miles below Fort Steele. In 1889 Mr. Ferris sold out his cattle interests and turned his at- tention to sheepraising, which occupied his time until four years ago, when he sold his interest in this industry. Among his other experiences in the mines of Wyoming in which he had taken an interest, Mr. Ferris and his associates once grub- staked Ed. Haggarty, who later discovered the now famous Ferris-Haggarty mine. Soon after the discovery of this mine, before much work had been done, one of his associates offered to sell his interest to Mr. Ferris, which offer was quickly accepted by him, and he at once, with that indomitable pluck and energy so character- istic of him, devoted his whole time and means to the development of the mine ; with what suc- cess can be best judged from the fact that in September, 1902, the Ferris-Haggarty mine was sold to the North American Copper Mining Co. for $1,000,000; and to George Ferris belongs the credit of the stability of the mining industry, as it exists in Carbon county today. In politics Mr. Ferris was a stanch Republican and twice repre- sented his party in the Wyoming Legislature as well as in the constitutional convention which admitted the territory of Wyoming into the sis- terhood of states. Among minor offices he held that of county commissioner and he was always a faithful and intelligent official in every capac- ity which he was called upon to fill. He died full of honor in August, 1900. Mrs. Julia Ferris, the honored widow of George Ferris, who bore the maiden name of Julia Cbilds, was born in New York, a daughter of John Childs, a native of the same state, who died in i860, when but forty-seven years of age, being also a son of Jonas Childs, himself a native of New York. The mother of Mrs. Ferris was born in Ohio and passed away in 1864 at the age of forty-four. As Mrs. Ferris was very young when bereft of her parents she was kindly taken in charge by J. Ar- nold, a warm friend of her father, and by him was tenderly reared to womanhood. To Mr. and Mrs. George Ferris were born these chil- dren, May, deceased ; Edna, deceased ; Frank Ray ; Yern ; Ralph ; Cecil. EUGENE R. NOBLE. What was to the last generation a living, struggling, controlling reality, to this one a fad- ing, but still potential, entity and institution, and what will be to the next a memory and a remin- iscence, the cowboy of the wild West, is interest- ing from even- point of view. Poets have car- oled about him, historians have fixed his place in the course of empire in this new domain, nov- elists have made him their engaging theme, and dramatists have gladly welcomed his coming up- on their mimic stage "to bold, as 'twere, the mirror up to nature." It is not within the prov- ince of these pages to deal with types abstractly, but to take them in concrete form and to show thereby how they have aided, all, in building here great states and polities, a refuge and a home for men of every clime and kin. Eugene R. Noble of Bigpiney, Uinta county, Wyoming, is a cowboy of the olden time, having good service to his credit in every phase of the range rider's wild life, exhibiting in himself all the essential traits and holding fast to all the traditions of the class. Mr. Noble was born on May 3, 1854, in Henry count}', Iowa, where his parents, Richard and Elizabeth (Carroll) Noble, had settled and were engaged in farming. His father was a native of Pennsylvania and his mother of Ohio, but only one generation removed from Scotland, the home of her ancestors, her father having emi- grated from that country to America when he was in youthful years. Their son, Eu- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 577 gene, was educated in the good public schools of Iowa and, leaving school at quite an early age, he at once began farming and rais- ing stock near the paternal home, remaining there until 1877, when he removed to Nebraska and there devoted his energies wholly to the cattle in- dustry. He helped to drive the first herd that went in on the Middle Loup River, 100 miles north of North Platte City. This herd belonged to D. R. Rankins, now living in Missouri, and contained about 9,000 cattle. In the spring Mr. Noble returned to North Platte, during the next three years working there for Nichols, Beach & Co., riding the range, herding cattle and perform- ing the other duties of the alert and accomplished cowboy. Following his service for this firm, he worked for two years in the employ of Coe & Carter in Nebraska, then went to Missouri to buy cattle and set up in business for himself. Find- ing the stock there in poor condition he went to Wisconsin and bought a herd which he drove to Nebraska, which, after herding and feeding them for two years, he sold to advantage and again engaged in range-riding for Mr. Rankins. He kept at this in Mr. Rankins' employ for two years and then engaged to work on Hat Creek for Richard Fruin, taking a herd of cattle to the Missouri River. There he was in the service of Mr. Fruin's brother, Morton Fruin, driving 9,500 head of cattle from Buffalo, Wyo., to the North- west Territory, Canada, remaining there in charge of the outfit for a year, when he returned to Ne- braska and later to his former home in Iowa, where he passed the winter. In the spring he came west again, taking charge of an outfit in Colorado and Wyoming for Nelson Morris of Chicago. Soon after, finding that the range in the neighborhood where he was located was eaten out by sheep, he came to Uinta county and took the management of the 67 outfit and con- tinued in charge of it until 1897 when he home- steaded on part of the land he now owns and occupies, increasing his holding by purchase un- til it now embraces 1,000 acres, most of it ex- cellent meadow land and admirably adapted to stockgrowing, in which he is extensively en- gaged, running principally graded Herefords, but he also raises horses of a superior breed. He has prospered financially by his care and know- ledge; his close attention and fair dealing, and has grown strong in the esteem of his fellow men. His interest in the affairs of the community has been constant, earnest, serviceable, and his influ- ence for good on every enterprise for the welfare of the people has been potent and active. He is connected with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and holds his membership in Lodge No. 55, at Cozad, Neb. On New Year's Day, 1900, he was married in Iowa, to Miss Margaret A. Pence, a native of that state and daughter of William and Mary (Thomas) Pence, the mother being a native of Wales and the father of Lycom- ing, Pa. Mr. Pence belonged to an old Colonial family, whose members have always been at the front in the service of their country, whether called by military or civil life. One of his ances- tors fought under Washington at Fort Duquesne where Braddock fell, and he and others followed that great commander through the Revolution. The family settled in Iowa in 1838, and were pioneers where they "pitched their tents." JOHNSON J. FENTON. Prepared for his arduous and trying duties by a long experience in hazardous occupations which quickened his faculties, taught him self- reliance, developed and established his courage, and gave him a knowledge of men which is extensive and exact, Johnson F. Fenton is par- ticularly well qualified for the position of sheriff of Bighorn county, Wyoming, to which he was elected in 1902 and which he is filling with great credit to himself and to the satisfaction of the public. He is a pioneer of 1888 in the state and for nearly two decades has been iden- tified with its history and the interests of its people, acquiring their habits of thought and action, sharing- their ambitions, filled with their local patriotism and firmly attached to their in- stitutions, which he has helped to make, pro- tect and develops Mr. Fenton was born on October 30, 1867, in Pennsylvania, of parents also natives of that state, his father being John 578 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. and his mother Rebecca (Harris) Fenton. When he was yet an infant they moved to Marshalltown, Iowa, where they resided until 1881. From that time until 1888, their home was at Grundy Center ; and at these various places he received a common-school education, and was trained for the duties of life in active experience in various useful employments. In 1888 he came to Wyoming and, entering into the spirit and attaching himself to the prin- cipal pursuit of the region in which he had sought a new home, he became a rangerider and followed this exhilarating but dangerous occupation for a period of two years in the vi- cinity of Pratt and for three more near Fort Collins, Colo. Five years sufficed to give him all the experience in- this line he desired and, at the end of that time, he became a railroad con- tractor in Nebraska, a business in which he continued until 1894. In that year he came to the Bighorn basin and bought a ranch on Shell Creek, comprising 320 acres of good land, on which he has since been actively engaged in conducting a flourishing stock industry, run- ning an average of 150 cattle and other kinds of stock. Throughout his career he has been a zealous and progressive developer of the re- sources of the section in which he has lived and a willing contributor to the visible proofs of enterprise. He built the first frame house in the town of Otto and three of the early structures erected in Basin. The houses in Basin still belong to him and he has other prop- erty in the county. He is one of the heaviest stockholders in the city water-works, and was one of the most active and influential pro- moters of the, introduction of the plant. His general excellence as a citizen, his wide ex- perience in life and the manly qualities which distinguish him have given him force and potency in political affairs, also marking him as a suitable man for the administration of official duties of a responsible and important character; so, in the fall of 1902, he was elected sheriff of the county, entering upon the dis- charge of the work of his office with the full confidence of the public that he would perform it well and that confidence he has fully justified. He was married at Fort Collins, Colo., in 1892, to Miss Zuna Ames, a native of Michigan. They have three children, Verna, Zula and Ora. ROBERT P. ALLAN. Among the many successful, progressive and enterprising men of the state of Wyoming who have accumulated fortunes in the cattle busi- ness, no one stands higher or is held in greater esteem than Robert P. Allan, of Iron Mountain. Coming into the then territory in 1881, when a young man, with little or no capital, save his energy, ability and a determination to succeed in the new country which he had adopted as his future home, he has steadily increased his busi- ness operations from year to year, adding to his holdings from time to time, as opportunity of- fered and his means permitted, until now he has perhaps the finest ranch property in his section of the state, and is considered as one of the most substantial business men of Wyoming. He is a native of the city of Glasgow, Scotland, that land which has contributed so many of the names most prominent in American history, as well in business as in the professions and in public life. He was born on March 5, 1854, the son of John and Margaret (Perrie) Allan, natives of Scot- land, where his father followed mining. The family emigrated to America in 1869, first going to Pennsylvania, and soon after arriving there the home was established in Luzerne county. Here the father became superintendent of one of the mines of the Pennsylvania Coal Co., and re- mained in that position for over twenty-five years, then received a promotion and is still in the em- ploy of the same company. The mother died in 1875, and lies buried in Avoca, Luzerne county. Robert P. Allan received his early academical training in the schools of Glasgow, Scotland, and of Avoca, Pa. He then accepted a position in the mines of Luzerne county and remained in that employment until the .spring of 1881, when the spirit of enterprise led him to seek his for- tune in the West. He came to Cheyenne. Wyo., and soon secured employment on a ranch then SP /faz^ PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 579 owned by Mr. Andrew Gilchrist, about sixteen miles west of Cheyenne. Here he continued until the fall of that year, when in company with a friend, R. B. Anderson, with whom he had come from Pennsylvania, he purchased a ranch on Middle Crow Creek, about sixteen miles west of Cheyenne, and together they embarked in cattle- raising. They remained in this business for about one year when Mr. Allan sold his interest to his partner and came to Iron Mountain, where he took up a ranch on Chugwater, about forty- five miles northwest of Cheyenne, very soon thereafter, however, he disposed of an interest in it to Andrew Gilchrist and others and a stock company was organized for the purpose of enter- ing into the cattle business on a large scale, Mr. Allan becoming manager of the company. He continued in this position one year when he sold his stock and resigned his position. In the year 1884, he formed a partnership relation with J. C. Baird and they purchased a ranch on the Chugwater and engaged there in the cattle busi- ness, Mr. Allan having entire charge of the busi- ness. He remained here until 1892, the enter- prise growing in extent. There was a dissolu- tion of the partnership arrangement and a di- vision of the joint property in 1892, Mr. Baird retaining the lands and Mr. Allan taking the horses and cattle as his portion. He then re- moved to Bear Creek and there established him- self on a ranch about three miles from his pres- ent ranch, buying more stock and entering ex- tensively into stockraising. Since that time he has steadily added to his holdings; both of lands and stock, purchasing ranches adjoining his orig- inal place, until now he is the owner of over 3,500 acres of fine land well fenced, well irrigated and improved, besides controlling leased lands, used by him for range purposes. Of recent years he has confined his operations mainly to cattle, finding that that line yields a larger re- turn on the capital invested, and he now is the possessor of the finest ranch property on Bear Creek, one of the leading stock sections of Wyo- ming. His beautiful home at that place (which he occupies only as a summer residence, residing in his spacious home in Cheyenne during the 36 winter months) has all modern improvements, and the family dispense here in summer a gen- erous and refined hospitality to their many friends. On June 6, 1886, Mr. Allan was united in marriage at the city of' Cheyenne, to Miss An- nie W. Brown, a native of Scotland, a daughter of James and Elizabeth (Hunter) Brown, natives of that country. The parents of Mrs. Allan em- igrated to America in 1867, and settled at Avoca, Pa., where they were later neighbors of the Al- lan family, and Mr. and Mrs. Allan have known each other from early childhood. The father of the latter, who was engaged in mining, passed away in August, 1883, and was buried at Avoca, where the mother is still -living. Mr. and Mrs. Allan have had but one child, Alexander B., born on October 11, 1888, and giving promise of a bright and vigorous manhood, yet he suddenly sickened and died when but twelve years of age, on October 17, 1900, and was buried in the city of Cheyenne. Mr. Allan is affiliated with the Masonic order, as a member of the lodge at Chey- enne, and also with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows at Cheyenne. He is identified with the Republican party and is a loyal supporter of its principles and candidates. He takes an active part in the management of party affairs, being prominent in conventions and a leader in all movements calculated to advance the welfare of the party, but has never desired or sought po- sition for himself, preferring to give his entire time and attention to the management of his large business interests. By reason of his habits of thrift and industry, inherited from a long line of Scotch ancestry, as well as by good judgment and fine business ability, he has built up one of the most extensive and best paying ranch and stock properties in Wyoming, and there is no more substantial business man, or more highly respected citizen in his section of the state. JAMES M. NOBLE. One of the substantial and progressive men of Fremont county, Wyoming, whose impress is seen on all the elements and evidences of advancement and improvement in his section 58o PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. of the state, and whose public spirit, enterprise and breadth of view have helped to raise the standard of citizenship in the farther West, is James M. Noble, a prominent rancher and stockgrower on the New Fork near Cora, Wyo. He is a native of Burlington, Iowa, where he was born on January i, 1863, and where his par- ents, Richard and Elizabeth (Carroll) Noble were for long years highly respected and influential citizens. The father was a native of Pennsylva- nia and the mother of Ohio. They came to Burlington early in life, where the father fol- lowed his chosen pursuit as a stonecutter and contractor, also building and operating the first flouring mill in Burlington, then but a small, yet promising town not far from the frontier, just beginning to have an extensive river com- merce. It was a promising field for the elder Noble's enterprise and public spirit and there he flourished and rose to prominence, was one of the leading business men of the inchoate city, chosen by its people to represent them in the state legislature from time to time. In 1894, after a career of usefulness and honor, he passed away at the age of seventy-seven, and his remains were buried amid the scenes he loved and had helped to make interesting, be- side those of his wife who preceded him to the other world by a quarter-of-a-century, she hav- ing died in 1869, aged forty-five. Both were of old Colonial stock, natives of the state of New York and of Scotch and English ancestry, whose sterling traits they well exemplified. Their son, James M. Noble, was educated in the public schools of his native city and at Howe's Academy at Mount Pleasant in the ad- joining county. On leaving school he removed to Nebraska and there for eight years was en- gaged in ranching and raising stock. At the end of that time he sold his interests in Ne- braska and tried his hand at mining in Colorado, Utah and Idaho until 1895, when he came to the Bigpiney region of Wyoming, and for two years conducted there a stock industry. In 1897 he settled in the locality where he now re- sides and on a portion of the land which now forms his very valuable and attractive ranch of 640 acres of good meadow land, which 3'ields him large annual crops of hay, an increasing acreage of grain and generously supports his extensive herds of superior cattle. The in- terests of his ranch are extensive and exact- ing, but they are not sufficient to occupy all his time or engage all the faculties of his active and comprehensive mind. Accordingly he has recently built a commodious store building and is conducting a mercantile establishment of great promise with energy and vigor. A gen- tleman of fine public spirit, Mr. Noble takes a great and helpful interest in all the affairs of the community in which he lives, being closely identified with every movement for its progress and improvement. He was made postmaster at Cora in 1899 and has conducted the affairs of the office with signal ability and close atten- tion. In this, as in everything else, he has ex- hibited excellent business qualifications, com- mendable breadth of view, a generous consider- ation for the comfort and welfare of his fel- lows and an exalted standard of citizenship. He has had much to do with the development of the county and state, much that is of value in local institutions stands to the credit of his in- fluence and inspiring example. He was mar- ried on Bigpiney in December, 1897, to Miss Pauline Rahen, a native of Switzerland. They have three children, Ida, Frieda and James R., all living at home and adding to the bright- ness and cheer of a home known far and wide as a center of genuine and gracious hospitality, where friends are always cordially received and reputable strangers are not unwelcome. No citi- zen stands higher in public regard. CHARLES B. KERSHNER. Charles B. Kershner, the county assessor of Bighorn county, came to Wyoming in his youth, completed his education in her schools and en- tered upon the active duties of life and citizen- ship as a part of her body politic, thus being closely identified with her history, her interests, her development and her progress. He first saw the light of this world on November 14, PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 58i 1872, in Illinois, whither his father, George W. Kershner, had come from Ohio, the state of his nativity, and where he had met and married Miss Cynthalia Layton, the capable mother of Charles. The parents were well-to-do farmers in Illinois and a record of the father's life is given in another part of _this work. When Charles was nine years old the family removed from Illinois to Kansas and, after a residence in that state lasting six years they came to Wyo- ming, locating where the father now lives on Horse Creek. Since then Charles has been continuously a resident of Wyoming and from her soil he has drawn his stature and his strength. When he left school he began work- ing for himself at various occupations and by thrift, energy and frugal living, acquired the means for a more ambitious undertaking than working for others at a salary. In 1893 he lo- cated a homestead on White Creek, not far from his paternal fireside, and there proceeded to de- velop and improve his property and also to ex- pand a very modest cattle industry which he there started. After a few years of diligent and profitable .labor on this place, he sold it and bought a partially improved ranch on Beaver Creek, which he still owns, and on which he conducts a nourishing stock business, handling horses principally, and also doing a good busi- ness in general farming. His ranch comprises 160 acres of excellent land, well adapted to his uses, and in its well improved and highly cul- tivated condition it is largely the product of his enterprise and skill, the expression of his taste and wisdom in the occupation he has chosen. His fellow citizens of the county have found him capable and worthy, and have shown their convictions on this score by electing him as- sessor for the county, choosing him to fill this office in 1902, finding since then in his admin- istration of its duties abundant evidence of the wisdom of their choice. On January 5, 1898, he was married to Miss Nellie Trone, a native of Maryland, but living at the time of her mar- riage at Sheridan, Wyo., where the nuptial rites were solemnized. They have three children, Minnie, Jennie and Myrtle. OSCAR HUNSINGER. Born and reared in Ohio and when he reach- ed manhood making his way to the Northwest and halting in several states for different periods as he came, working at various occupations here and there, but always in the country, it may be said that Oscar Hunsinger, of the Hyattville re- gion in Bighorn county, has passed all of his life in rural pursuits and belongs essentially to that class, which is the hope and salvation of every country in every crisis, the rural popula- tion. His life began on October 23, 1869, in the same neighborhood in which his father, Henry Hunsinger, and his mother, nee Mary Newell, were born and reared in Jackson county, Ohio. He remained at home until he was twenty years old, being reared in the city of Jackson, attend- ing the public schools for a few years in the winter months and assisting on the farm at other times. As he grew toward manhood he yearned for a view of some of the world that lay beyond his native hills and vales, and accordingly he came west, where there were immense tracts of unoccupied land and hundreds of mines of every mineral just opening their mouths to pro- claim their hitherto hidden stores of wealth, also vast forests long waiting for the blade of the axeman ; where mercantile enterprise, commer- cial energy and industrial activity were harness- ing art and human intelligence to the car of prog- ress, with small supplies of brawn and brain to direct their forces. In due time he reached Mon- tana and, after a short stay in that state, came to Wyoming, locating in the Bighorn basin, where he was engaged in rangeriding and farming for others for a time, and until he entered into a partnership with F. P. Carr for the purpose of carrying on a stock business of good proportions. The partnership lasted until 1903, when Mr. Hunsinger sold out, went to Hyattville and opened a busineess in merchandising which he is still conducting with vigor and success. In the development of the town and the promotion of good enterprises for its advancement he takes a lively interest and in political affairs gives a loyal and active service to his party. He was 582 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. married at Hyattville, on December 25, 1900, to Miss Maud Hammond, a native of Utah, and Mrs. Hunsinger is the postmistress of the town. They have one child, a daughter named Mary. JAMES I. PATTEN. Born and reared on farms in the Mississippi Valley, serving a useful apprenticeship as clerk and salesman in a Chicago store, submitting for a short period to the stern discipline of the army and daring the dangers of war in that period, subsequently crossing the plains with a team and in various places carrying on mercantile enter- prises of differing magnitude and character, en- during at the same time all the privations of frontier life, James I. Patten of Basin, a pioneer of 1867 in Wyoming, and now one of its promi- nent and successful merchants, was trained to resourcefulness, accuracy and self-reliance by an experience more varied and more filled with instructive and helpful features than that which falls to the lot of most men. Amid the peaceful scenes of rural life in Ohio he first saw the light of this world on February 4, 1840. His parents, Alexander and Elizabeth (Hunter) Patten, were born and reared in Pennsylvania and in the strength and hopefulness of their early married life they came as settlers to Ohio. From their home in that state, when their s"on James was two years old, they removed to Illinois and, in 1855, thirteen years later, took another flight to- ward the farther West to Iowa. In these two states the boyhood and youth of Mr. Patten were passed and in the latter state his first efforts in his own behalf to secure a foothold among men were made after he left school. In 1864 he went to Chicago and worked as clerk and salesman in a shoestore for a short time, and then enlisted for service in the Civil War in Co. C, One Hun- dred and Thirty-fourth Illinois Infantry. At the end of his six-months' enlistment he was dis- charged and returned to his former position in Chicago where he remained until 1866. He then determined to seek a home and larger op- portunities in the unsettled domain lying under the shadow of the Rocky Mountains, driving for this purpose a four-horse team across the plains to Colorado in the employ of Captain Taylor. Upon his arrival in that country he went to work diligently at mining, prosecuting his labors with energy and some success for a year. In 1867 he came to Cheyenne, and the next year to Laramie. There he opened a drug-and-confec- tionery store and carried on the business until 1 87 1 when he was appointed teacher of the Shoshone Indians at Fort Washakie. He con- tinued his pedagogic ministrations for three years, and then for three more was engaged in raising stock and farming near Lander. In 1877 he took charge of the Shoshone reservation as Indian agent by the appointment of President Hayes. At the expiration of his term in 1880 he returned to the farm and resumed control of its operations. He also opened a general store at Lander. This he closed out in 1896, and then located at Meeteetse, where he conducted a simi- lar enterprise for a year, in 1897 coming to Basin, where he started the drug-and-stationery business which he is now so successfully con- ducting. His establishment is one of the select ones of the town, largely patronized. by an ap- preciative body of customers, who are always sure of finding in its stock all kinds of staple drugs and chemicals, with the latest novelties in stationery, and everything new and attractive in fancy articles and toilet perquisites, such as are usually kept at a first-class drugstore, and of having the goods offered with courtesy and con- sideration, which adds materially to the pleasure of making purchases. Mr. Patten has always been active in local public affairs where he has lived, and has borne his share in the burden and had his portion of satisfaction in the triumph of developing the new country which has been his home during the greater portion of his life. He was the first postmaster at Lander and one of the earliest justices of the peace in the count}-. For years he has been an enthusiastic and work- ing Freemason and also an active member of the Grand Army of the Republic. His first mar- riage, which was to Mrs. Anza C. (Gamble) Haynes, a native of Kentucky, occurred at Lara- mie in 1868. She died at Lander in 1883, leav- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 583 ing two children, Lois S., wife of H.. S. Boulder, of Colorado ; and Fanchon, postmistress at Basin. The first husband of Mrs. Patten was drowned in a serious flood at Cherry Creek, Pa. The sec- ond marriage of Mr. Patten took place at the Shoshone agency in 1887, being then united with Mrs. Anna (Dodge) White, a native of Wisconsin. They have one child, Winifred. In politics Mr. Patten is an ardent and loyal Re- publican, and as such was elected a member of the Territorial Legislature of Wyoming in 1887. He served in the body with credit, but declined a reelection. JOHN ROSE. From the proud little kingdom of Portugal, on the very edge of the Atlantic, which was once almost the mistress of the ocean, and was the head of a vast colonial empire, and which was also among the first of the Euro- pean powers to give intellectual hospitality to the project of Columbus to voyage in search of a new world, came John Rose, a pioneer in 1883 of Wyoming, and now a prosperous and successful stockgrower and ranchman, living eleven miles northeast of Sheridan. He was born in 1850, a son of Alexander and Mary Rose, also natives of Portugal, who descended from long lines of ancestry in that historic land. In his native country he was educated and grew to man's estate, where he settled down to a life of useful toil and with no pros- pect of seeking another home for many years. But ever and anon he heard the voice of Amer- ica calling to him with proffers of open-handed bounty, until finally, in 1872, when he was twenty-two years of age and all his faculties were in the strength of early manly vigor and hope and aspiration still sat high on his brow, he determined to heed the call, came to the United States and for three years worked on a farm in Massachusetts. In 1875 ne ^t the Atlantic far behind him and sought a better destiny in California, where he labored in the gold mines until 1881. He then returned to Portugal for a visit and remained two years, but in 1883 he came again to America and turned his attention to farming and stockgrowing. Locat- ing a homestead in Wyoming, which is a part of the land he now owns, he at once began im- proving it, making it habitable for human kind and bringing it under systematic cultivation. His ranch is beautifully located on the Prairie Dog and comprises 320 acres of excellent land admirably adapted to the business which he is so successfully conducting on its broad ex- panse, and satisfying to the taste by its variety of scenery and natural beauty. His herd of cattle is large and continually increasing in size, notwithstanding his annual shipments, which are considerable in extent, and the grade he handles is high, and kept rigidly up to its standard. Mr. Rose was married in Massa- chusetts in 1883 with Miss Theresa Vieira, like himself a native of Portugal, and they have four children, Flora, John, Nellie and Theresa. Al- though he lived long in his native country, and has many of the most pleasing recollections connected with it, Mr. Rose is warmly attached to the land of his adoption, rejoicing in its opportunities, glorying in its freedom and its institutions, and proud of its progress and ad- vancement. He takes great and active interest in the affairs of his community and county, and is always well pleased with an element or an evidence of improvement to which he can give assistance or encouragement. ARTHUR ROBERTS. One of the leading citizens of Uinta county, Wyoming, and one of the representative busi- ness men of that state, Arthur Roberts, of Afton, is a native of England, born on June 13, 1859, a son of Samuel and Mary (Peat) Roberts, both natives of England. His paternal grandparents were Thomas and Harriet (Orwith) Roberts, the former being for many years a prominent merchant of Derby, England, and the scion of a highly respected family of that section of the old country. The parents of Mr. Roberts came to America in 1866, the fa- ther believing that he would here find a more inviting field for his occupation of printing and 3 8 4 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. publishing, and established the family home in Salt Lake City. The devoted mother passed away in 1869, at the age of forty-four years and there the father still resides, having retired from active business. The family consisted of seven children, of whom five are living. Ar- thur Roberts received his early education in England, subsequently attending the public schools of Salt Lake City, later learning the oc- cupation of locomotive-engineer, which he con- tinuously followed in Utah and other adjoining states for about ten years. At the end of that time he saw a favorable opportunity to engage in the mercantile business at Afton, Wyoming, and resigned his railroad position and em- barked in business. He has been very success- ful and now is the owner of one of the largest and most successful mercantile establishments in that section of Wyoming, or in the entire West. He carries a large stock of general merchandise, and his operations are very ex- tensive in the western portion of the state. He is also interested quite extensively in cattle- raising and stockgrowing, being the owner of a fine, improved farm situated in the valley a few miles from Afton, where he resides. He is one of the solid business men and substantial property owners of Uinta county, and has met with uniform success in his business enterprises. On January 5, 1884, Mr. Roberts was united in marriage to Miss Martha E. Reese, a native of Utah and the daughter of David and Martha (Eynon) Reese, both natives of Wales. The parents of Mrs. Roberts were among the ear- liest pioneers of Utah, being among the most highly esteemed of its citizens. Mr. and Mrs. "Roberts have five children, Kate, Mary, Homa Reese, Gean Valeria and Samuel Edward, all living. The family home is noted for the gen- erous and genial hospitality which is there dis- played. Mr. Roberts is a man of marked pub- lic spirit, his enterprise and activity have been largely instrumental in developing the resources of Western Wyoming and in contributing to the growth and settlement of the community where he has maintained his home. While never seeking political position, he is yet al- ways interested in public affairs, at present serving as the city treasurer of Afton. He has discharged the duties of that responsible po- sition with conscientious fidelity, zeal and abil- ity. His standing as a representative business man and public officer were recognized by President Roosevelt in February, 1902, by an ap- pointment to the position of postmaster at Afton. Mr. Roberts is one of the foremost factors in the public, as well as the business life of Western Wyoming, and his future will be watched with interest by a large circle of admiring friends and acquaintances. FRANK I. RUE. Able as he was to get but a few small draughts from the stream of knowledge as it gleamed and sparkled across his path, so far as booklearning is concerned, Frank I. Rue, county clerk of Big- horn county, is nevertheless a well-informed and well-educated man in the better and less tech- nical meaning of the term. He has been well taught in the hard, exacting but thorough school of experience, and from that has gathered good store of the every-day wisdom dispensed in no other. He became a resident of Wyoming more than twenty years ago and, during the period of his citizenship here, a period which has been most prolific in achievement, in invention and dis- covery, and in the elevation of mankind in gen- eral, prodigious in the triumph of human intelli- gence over nature and the beneficent fruits of the conquest in this region in particular, he has been a potential factor in the advance of civiliza- tion and the development and improvement of the section in which he has lived. Mr. Rue's parents were William H. and Martha (Lake) Rue, the former a native of Ohio and the latter of Michigan. The father left his native state in earlv manhood and came to Minnesota, then a part of the farther West, where he began to build his fortunes with hope and confidence on the virgin soil of his new home. There he met and married with the lady of his choice, and there his son, Frank, was born on December 15, 1867. When Frank was four years of age the PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 585 family removed to Colorado, where for a num- ber of years they resided, living at various places. In 1881 they came to Wyoming and passed a year at the Shoshone Indian agency in Fremont- county. In 1882 the parents changed their residence to Park City, Mont., but Frank remained another year in this state in the employ of the D. D. Cattle Co. In 1883 he, too, went to Montana, and in that state and Wyoming was a daring and skillful rangerider until 1896, when he came to Bighorn county, locating at Cody. There for two years he was in the employ of Col. William Cody as the general foreman of his great cattle interests and other ranch busi- ness. In 1899 he was appointed deputy sheriff of the county and changed his residence to Ba- sin. At the end of his term he was appointed deputy county clerk and, in 1902, was elected clerk for a term of two years, his qualifications for the position being generally recognized by the community, whose confidence has been fully justified by the manner in which he discharges his official duties. On April 20, 1898, he was united in marriage with Miss Charlotte M. Burns, a native of Bighorn county and a daughter of John L. and May (Martin) Burns, who came to Wyoming in 1896 from Montana. Mr. and Mrs. Rue have one child, their winsome daugh- ter, Faie. Mr. Rue belongs to the Modern Woodmen of America and to Lodge No. 35, I. O. O. F., of which he is the capable treasurer. He takes a serviceable interest in the affairs of both fraternities, especially the meetings and proceedings of his own lodges. NELSON H. SCOTT. One of the leading merchants of Carbon county, Nelson H. Scott, whose address is Medicine Bow, Wyoming, is a native of the state of New York, where he was born in 1862, the son of James and Mary (Harris) Scott, na- tives of Scotland. His father was a carpenter, but for many years of his early life he was a sailor on the high seas, in that capacity having many thrilling experiences in and among the different countries and people of the world. Subsequently he settled in the state of New York, where he engaged in both farming and carpentering, continuing in those pursuits up to the time of his decease, which occurred in 1900, at the age of about seventy-eight years. He was a Republican in politics, a leading cit- izen of the community in which he maintained his home. At various times he held the office of supervisor, was also town clerk and held other positions of honor and trust in the gift of his fellow citizens. The mother of Mr. Scott passed away while he was still a small boy, be- ing buried in the state of New York. Attain- ing manhood in New York Mr. Scott received his early education in the public schools of the vicinity of his boyhood's home, but at an early age he was compelled to leave school and con- tribute by his labor to the support of the fam- ily. Securing employment in a cheese factory, he remained in that employment for three years, when he determined to seek his fortune in the far West, and came to the territory of Wyoming. Here he located at first at Laramie City, where he remained for a short time, but not finding business conditions as favorable as he had anticipated, he left there in company with T. H. Hood, a builder and contractor and together they aided in building and practically built the entire flourishing town of Saratoga. Mr. Scott established a home here to which he took his bride. After a few years, times being dull, he procured work in different localities in Wyoming and Colorado, arriving in time at Fort Steele. Here he secured a position with Cosgriff Bros, as a carpenter, clerk and for gen- eral work. Soon after he was offered the po- sition of manager of the merchandising estab- lishment of his employers at Medicine Bow, which he accepted, and has since that time re- sided at this place, engaged in that business. He has been successful and is one of the rep- resentative men of that section of the state. He is the postmaster of Medicine Bow post- office and held in high esteem by all classes of his fellow citizens. In 1893 Mr. Scott was united in marriage, at Laramie City, with Miss Lida Hood, a lady of education and culture, 586 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. who had been for ten years a popular teacher in the schools of Wisconsin and Wyoming, being a native of Wisconsin and the daughter of J. M. and Mary (Seiders) Hood, the former a native of Pennsylvania and the latter of Ohio. Her father came in early life to the state of Wis- consin, where he established his permanent home, dying in 1882. He was engaged in the occupation of farming, was a man of high char- acter and one of the most active workers in the cause of the Christian religion in the community where he resided. In the Civil War he early responded to the call of President Lincoln, en- listing as a member of the Sixth Wisconsin Battery, and served throughout the war. He participated in many of the historic engage- ments of that great contest, and at its close was mustered out with an honorable discharge, showing the gallant service he had rendered to his country. He. was the son of S. B. and Jane (Miller) Hood, also natives of Pennsylvania, who removed to Wisconsin, and made their home there during the later years of their lives, the father being for many years one of the leading educators of that state. The moth- er of Mrs. Scott, who is still residing in Wis- consin, at the age of sixty-two years, is the daughter of Joseph and Eliza (Keifer) Seiders, highly respected citizens of Ohio, the former passing away in 1890 at the age of seventy-seven years, while the latter is yet living at the age of ninety years, making her home in Wisconsin. The first years of their married life were passed in their home at Saratoga, Wyo. Mr. and Mrs. Scott have had four children, Crystal died in in- fancy, and the youngest, Dale, dying at the age of three weeks, on September 5, 1902, and Win- field Scott. Their home is noted for its gracious and generous hospitality, the family being prominent in the social life of the different com- munities where they have lived. Progressive, public spirited and energetic, Mr. Scott has done much to draw the attention of capital to the great resources of this section of Wyoming and has taken a foremost part in all matters calculated to promote the interests of Carbon county, or to develop the resources of the state. J. VAN A. CARTER. It is a saying as true as it is old that Death loves a shining mark, and the force of it is sel- dom more fully exemplified than it was in the case of the late J. Van A. Carter of Uinta county Wyoming, who was ever a positive force for good in the state and an inspiration to others in the wide variety and masterful character of his use- fulness and his influence. Whether viewed as a public official or a private citizen, as the friend of the Indian or the advisor of the white man, as the agent of each in matters of business or the arbiter of both in the settlement of disputes, as the trusted employe or the manager of his own business, he presents a pleasing aspect of high integrity, unbiased fairness, excellent judgment, lofty courage and all-around accomplishments. He was born, reared and educated in the state of Missouri, and there also pursued a course of studies as a preparation for the practice of medi- cine and surgery, but never chose to engage act- ively in the profession. He came to Wyoming in 1866 with one of the overland caravans that was hauling freight from the Missouri River to Fort Bridger, and soon after his arrival he se- cured employment as bookkeeper for the exten- sive mercantile establishment of the late Judge Carter, who was then the post-trader at this point. Here fortune seems to have sought him with a double benefaction, giving him desired occupation and making him acquainted with the Judge's daughter, Miss Anna Carter, a most es- timable lady with whom he was, a few years later, united in marriage. The domestic shrine which was thus set up was sanctified by the birth of one child. Nelson Carter, who, inheriting many of the inestimable qualities of both parents, is now prominently engaged in business, in which his success is as pronounced as his efforts are dil- igent and skillful and his worth is well known. When Mr. Carter came into the territory there were but few white men living here and the con- ditions of life were hard and exacting. Its con- veniences were 'few and very costly, its ordinary adornments were altogether unattainable, its com- forts and even its necessaries were difficult to PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 587 get, and naught but the resolute and determined spirit of the people made it tolerable. Under such circumstances a man who had the vision to see and the power to do what was required for ' any emergency, who knew men and methods, and was masterful in dealing with both, who had the accomplishments of cultivated life and the skill to make them subservient to the needs of a new community in the wilderness, was in all respects a very useful personage, and such was Mr. Carter. His services were in continual de- mand in many ways. He could write records in the county clerk's office, draw legal papers, make surveys and maps, conduct negotiations of magnitude and drive bargains in small trade, keep books and traffic in merchandise, converse in several languages, civilized and savage, and do almost everything else that occasion might require of a ready and resourceful man. In 1868 he was employed by the famous Indian chief Washakie as his interpreter in making the treaty between the U. S. government on the one hand and the Shoshone and Bannock Indians on the other, and his services in this work and the high character and lofty manliness he displayed throughout the transactions won him the unwav- ering regard and confidence of the Indians, as he had that of the whites in every relation throughout his whole life in this country. In i878,or about that time, he moved into Evanston and engaged in the drug business. Here also he became a builder and developer of the town, erecting a row of brick buildings opposite the office of the Herald and adding to the progress and advancement of the community in many other ways. He was chosen for a number of terms in succession to serve the people in the important office of probate judge and county treasurer, and was frequently and urgently solic- ited to accept offices of greater prominence and more extended power. But he was averse to public life and preferred the peace and personal comfort of a private station. During the last few years preceding his early and lamented death, he was employed as the head accountant in the large mercantile house of the Blyth & Fargo Company at Evanston, where he died in his fifty- eighth year after a severe illness of about ten days. His remains were laid to rest at Fort Bridger in the western land he loved with a con- stant devotion, under the shadows of the Uinta range whose lofty peaks had often been spoken of by him as among the inspirations and delights of his early manhood, and amid the scenes which tinged and beautified the early years of his do- mestic joys. All who knew him lamented his departure and still remember him as one who was faithful to every charge, diligent in every duty, a friend to all mankind and worthy of every en- comium upon proven and established merit. JAMES C. SHAW. James C. Shaw, one of the leading and rep- resentative stockmen of Converse county, with his well-equipped and very completely furnished ranch of 1,600 acres lying on Platte River four miles southeast of Orin Junction, was born in Williamson county, Texas, on March 17, 1852, the son of John and Elizabeth B. (Norton) Shaw, the former a native of Lincoln county, Mo., and the latter of Somerset, Ky. In her young womanhood the mother emigrated from her native state to Missouri where she met with and married Mr. Shaw and in the fall of 1851 they moved to Texas, where her husband en- gaged in the stock business and where they passed the remainder of their lives, dying at advanced ages and being buried beneath the soil on which they had long lived and labored. The Shaws were of Scotch-Irish ancestry, the grandfather of James C, also named James, be- ing a native of Ireland. James C. Shaw, the sixth in order of birth of the twelve children of his father's household, was reared on the pa- ternal ranch in Texas, receiving a limited common-school education. He remained at the paternal home until he reached his majority, then, on his own account, attended school two years at Elgin, Tex. After that he worked on a ranch for several years and in 1879 came to Wyoming and found employment as a rangerider for two years. In 1881 he became the range manager for the Teschemacher & De- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. Billier Cattle Co., continuing in that capacity, until 1892, when the company went entirely out of business. His services were very valuable to this firm and were highly appreciated by all of its members, who were truly unstinted in their commendations of his skill and of his fidelity to their interests. In the meantime, in 1887, he had taken up the nucleus of the fertile ranch he now owns and occupies and, at the conclusion of his engagement with the above- named firm, he settled on this ranch and it has since been his home. He has added to its area until it now comprises 1,600 acres, as has been stated, and about 200 acres are under ir- rigation and have been brought to great fertil- ity and productiveness, yielding good annual crops of grain and hay. He usually has about 2,000 cattle and 300 horses and is one of the substantial and well-to-do stockmen of the county. He landed in Wyoming with two or three ponies as the sum-total of his earthly possessions, but he had a strong determination to win in the battle of life and was armed with a stout heart and a clear head for the purpose, having plenty of energy and self-reliance, and the contest was never a losing one for him from the beginning. He was married on De- cember 21, 1885, to Miss Elizabeth Dodson, a native of Lincoln county, Mo., a daughter of James and Margaret (Norton) Dodson, Ken- tuckians by birth and early settlers in that part of Missouri, where they remained until death ended their useful labors. Mr. and Mrs. Shaw have six children, Margaret I., Clay D., Willie Patti, Paul N., Roscoe and Dewey. Mr. Shaw belongs to the Odd Fellows lodge at Douglas, while in political faith he is a Republican. J. & P. R. SHERLOCK. Of mingled Scotch and English ancestry, these worthy and enterprising citizens of South Pass City, Wyoming, inherited the best traits of these grand races and, by their intelligent and successful efforts in the varied fields of productive endeavor, have attained a prominent position in the industrial activities of Wyoming and occupy a representative station in the ranks of intelligent producers, being prospered in the agricultural and commercial activities with which they have allied themselves. John and Peter Sherlock are the sons of Richard and Janet (McOmie) Sherlock, the father being an Englishman, while the mother claims nativity in the Highlands of Scotland, coming to the United States in 1853 and the father in 1861, . both becoming residents of Utah, where they were married, and where Mr. Sherlock was con- nected with the manufacture of lumber and with merchandising until his coming to South Pass in i860, here continuing trade until his death in 1873, being much in public life and the first constable of the town of South Pass. He was a son of John and Margaret (Banks) Sher- lock. To Richard and Janet (McOmie) Sher- lock were born five children, Margaret, frozen to death in a blizzard in 1883; Peter R. ; Janet; John ; William H., now a stockman in the vicinity of Lander. Peter R. Sherlock, a son of the above mentioned couple, was born in Utah, and after receiving a preliminary education at the pub- lic schools of his native place and further in- creasing his mental acquirements at Creighton (Neb.) College, he engaged in mining near South Pass, Wyoming, following this with en- ergy and successfully until 1887, when, from the effects of an accident which occurred while he was assisting in the construction of the Granier ditch, he lost its eyesight, since which lamentable occurrence he has devoted his at- tention to the mercantile business, in associa- tion with his mother and brothers, being known as a sterling citizen of great popularity and strict integrity. He is much interested in public matters of general and local interest and is ever ready to aid in perpetuating everything of value to the community, being a strong supporter of the principles of the Democratic party, with which he stands identified. John Sherlock, another son of the able Sherlock fam- ily, brother of Peter R., was born at South Pass, Wyoming, on July 30, 1869. After attending the public schools until he attained a suitable age, he gave his services to the supervision and PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 589 care of the large ranching and trade interests of the family, himself, his brothers and his mother holding their possessions in common, owning in addition to their flourishing mercan- tile house a valuable ranch of 640 acres on the Sweetwater River, where they are raising large numbers of excellent horses and sheep, having also the only feed-barn of South Pass, where they also run some cattle and a band of 1,000 sheep. Mr. Sherlock was married on Septem- ber 22, 1897, with Miss Lida M. Carr, a native of Colorado, and a daughter of James A. and Emily (Rhodes) .Carr, early pioneers of Col- orado, where they now reside. They have three children, Richard J., James L. and Donald. In 1872, Mrs. Janet Sherlock con- tracted a second marriage, being then united with James Smith, one of the pioneers of South Pass and a native of Ireland, a genial, wide- awake and progressive man, who gave splendid service as a soldier of the Mexican War, re- ceiving several wounds at the storming and capture of the city of Vera Cruz. He died in 1895, leaving two children. Anna, now wife of B. N. Fibbals, manager of the Cresso mine, and James E., who is devoting his energies to mer- chandising. The family has ever been identified with the development and improvement of the community and stands high among its people. JOHN SEDGWICK. Conspicuous among the representative busi- ness men of Rock Springs is the worthy young eentleman whose name introduces this article. Being so well-known he needs no formal intro- duction to the people of Sweetwater county, but for the information of coming generations and the perpetuation and transmission in tangible form of his history and personal characteristics, the record herewith presented is placed before the public. Like many of the sturdy energetic citi- zens of the great West, Mr. Sedgwick is of English birth, for John Sedgwick, his father, was a native of Yorkshire, and by occupation a stock- raiser; the mother, who possessed the maiden patronymic of Alice Wilkinson, was also born in Yorkshire, being the daughter of Anthon and Alice (Sayers) Wilkinson, and this highly worthy couple were also married in their native coun- try where they happily resided until 1889, when they came to the United States and settled near Cheyenne, Wyoming. Subsequently Mr. Sedgwick engaged in cattleraising but later trans- ferred his business to Colorado, where he carried on stockraising quite extensively for a number of years. ■ The parents of John Sedgwick, Sr., were John and Betty (Mangham) Sedgwick, who were born and who passed all of their lives in Yorkshire. In 1886 the maternal grandparents of the John Sedgwick of this writing, Anthon and Alice Wilkinson, left their native land for America, locating on a cattle ranch not far from Cheyenne, Mr. Sedgwick himself being born on January 20, 1870, in Yorkshire, England, where he received his educational training. He grew up a continual source of helpfulness to his par- ents and especially proved a valuable assistant to his father as long as he continued a member of the home circle. _ He accompanied the fam- ily to America in 1889 and remained under the parental roof until he attained his majority when he started in business for himself by opening a meat market in the city of Rock Springs. This enterprise was continued with success and finan- cial profit until 1899, when Mr. Sedgwick sold his establishment for a liberal price and invested his capital in sheep. The latter enterprise has also been successful and bids fair to increase in magnitude and importance with each successive year. In addition to his regular business of sheepraising, Mr. Sedgwick is connected with the Sweetwater Land Co., and has been active in promoting its interests in various ways. Public spirited in all the term implies, he takes a lively interest in all enterprises tending to the improve- ment of the country and the development of its- resources, and may properly be classed with Sweetwater county's most intelligent and ener- getic men of affairs. He possesses sound busi- ness abilities, keen discrimination and the abil- ity to foresee with remarkable accuracy the out- come of his various transactions. When he ad- dresses himself to any undertaking, he never lies- 59° PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. itates short of successful consummation, a char- acteristic which in a great measure accounts for the advancement he has made since engaging in business upon his own responsibility. Mr. Sedg- wick married in 1894 with Miss Sarah Lewis of Pennsylvania, a daughter of David and Ann (Thomas) Lewis,, their union being blessed with four children, David, Alice, John and Henry. Mrs. Sedgwick's parents are natives of Wales. They came to the United States about 1870 and settled in Scranton ; Pa., near which place Mr. Lewis engaged in coal mining. He followed that business until about 1898, when he moved to Idaho, where he is now living the life of a farmer. His wife died in Pennsylvania and was buried in the cemetery at Scranton. Fraternally, Mr. Sedgwick is an active and influential member of the order of Elks, his name also appearing on the records of the local lodge of Masons. To speak in fulsome praise of such a man as Mr. Sedgwick is entirely superfluous. The record of his career thus far on life's journey is the best possible evidence that his success has been brought about by that natural and inherent qual- ity of determination which marked his early ef- forts and has ever demonstrated to those with whom he came in contact that nothing could swerve him from a purpose when once formed. He is a young man of many admirable traits, notably among them being energy, integrity and an earnest desire to do as he would be done by. His relations with his fellowmen have been most pleasant and agreeable and, wherever he goes, friendships warm and loyal are sure to be formed. ARTHUR A. STEED. This popular and enterprising resident of Uinta county, Wyoming, one of the most prom- inent self-made men of the county, was born in 1858 in Farmington, Utah, a son of Thomas and Laura L. (Reed) Steed, the former of whom was a native of England, born in 1826, where he was reared to gardening, in 1838 coming to the United States, settling in Illinois, where he fol- lowed farming for five years and engaged in other vocations until 1850, when he located at Salt Lake City, Utah. He was next located in Davis county, L T tah, where he became a very prosperous agriculturist and was classed among the representative citizens, being a missionary of the Mormon church, standing high in politics as a Republican and by vocation a farmer. He took an active part in public affairs and was ever foremost among the promoters of local improve- ments and public enterprises, among the latter may be mentioned the Davis Stake academy, of which he is a trustee, to the establishment of which he freely contributed financially. In 1876 he toured the world in the interest of the Mor- mon church in the work of proselytism and re- turned in 1880. Laura L. (Reed) Steed, mother of Arthur A. Steed, was born in Ohio in 1829 and still survives, a representative on the paternal side of the Reed family who found a footing in America on Plymouth Rock. The boyhood of A. A. Steed was passed in school in Utah until he was nineteen years of age, when he was em- ployed in trailing sheep from California to Wyo- ming, Colorado and Omaha for five years, during which period he experienced many startling ad- ventures, a relation of which would fill a large volume of print. At the end of the five years thus passed, Mr. Steed entered into the sheep business for himself, in this he continued until about 1900, when he sold out and embarked in the cattle trade. He had become interested in the Wyoming country in 1887, bought his pres- ent place of 1,290 acres in Uinta county and also engaged in a mercantile business at Farmington. He has likewise extensive interests in merchan- dising in Ogden, Utah, is a director in the Boyle Furniture Co.'s store at Ogden and owns a ranch of 20,000 acres in the Province of Alberta. Can- ada, just over the international line. His modern and imposing town residence is in Ogden, Utah. The marriage of A. A. Steed took place in 1877 at Farmington, Utah, when he was united with Miss Mary Florence Bigler, a native of Florence county. Neb., and a daughter of Adam and Eliz- abeth (Compton) Bigler, which union has been blessed with seven children born in the following order : Arthur A., Grace Florence, Burton PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 59 1 Franklin, Stanley Stanford (deceased), Mattie Frances (deceased), Harry Hanna and Nellie Virginia. In his political views Mr. Steed is a Republican but, while loyal to his party, never seeks public office nor any other reward for his loyalty, although he has frequently been solicited to become a candidate for remunerative official positions. He has been content to devote his attention to the transaction of his personal af- fairs, of which he has made so grand a success, and the pleasure afforded by the family circle constitute all that contribute to make up the sum of his earthly happiness. JOSEPH HARPER. Joseph Harper, a prosperous and successful farmer and stockgrower living on one of the finest farms in his section of Sheridan county, not far from Banner postoffice, was born in In- diana on June 22, 1841. His parents, John and Mary A. (Kelso) Harper, were natives of Penn- sylvania and early settlers in Ohio and later in Indiana. When their son, Joseph, was eleven years old they took another flight westward, lo- cating in Iowa where he grew to manhood and was educated in the public schools. When he was twenty years old he started life's business for himself as a soldier of the Union army of the Civil War, enlisting in Co. C, Thirty-third Iowa Infantry, during the three years of his term seeing much active and arduous service, but escaping unhurt save by the hardships he was obliged to endure. On his return home he began farming and raising stock in Iowa and later in Kansas (where he married in 1869) he conducted this business until 1884, when he came to Wyoming and, homesteading on a por- tion of the land he now occupies, continued in this new field and on a larger scale the industry he had successfully conducted in his former home, now owning a well located body of 560 acres of superior land, with a pleasing variety of meadow and range, having on it a good res- idence, well-built barns, sheds and corrals, and a large herd of fine cattle. He early identified himself with the local affairs of his section here as he had done in Iowa, and was elected county commissioner at ? critical and important time in the history of the county. He served with great acceptability, but declined a re- election, preferring to give his time and atten- tion to his private interests, which were large and exacting, and to promote the welfare of his community from the more desirable post of private citizenship. Mr. and Mrs. Jeannette R. Harper had three children, Clara B., now the wife of Perry Surrena of Sheridan county ; William Ray and Frederick, 'both residents also of this county. Mrs. Harper was a native of Illinois and died in 1879. ^- n : 882 Mr. Harper was married a second time, his choice on this occasion being Miss Emma Fulkerson, a na- tive of Kansas. They also have had three chil- dren, Clyde, Floyd and Marion, all now living. JOHN STORRIE. One of the leading men of Converse county, Wyoming, is John Storrie, born on October 12, 1846, he is a native of the city of Edinburg, Scotland, and a son of Adam and Catharine (Ramsay) Storrie, both natives of the same city, and the family has been long and honor- ably known in Scotland. The father was a man- ufacturer of corks in his native country and held at different periods the offices of freeman and bur- gess of the city of Edinburgh. He was the fa- ther of five children, John, being the eldest son, received his early education in the city of Edin- burgh, attending the George Herriot's Hospital, upon his graduation from that institution matric- ulating at the famous Edinburgh University, there pursuing a course of study under the direc- tion of Professors Black, Pillens, Calderwood and others of the prominent educators of this cele- brated school. Upon leaving the university, he engaged for a number of years in the produce business in Edinburgh. In 1876 he disposed of this business and came to the United States. Upon his arrival in this country he proceeded first to St. Louis, Mo., in a short time going to Texas. Here he determined to acquire a prac- tical knowledge of the stock business, and se- 592 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. cured employment on the ranges of that state in charge of both cattle and sheep. He remained in this employment for three years, thoroughly fa- miliarizing himself with all the details of raising live stock. In 1879, he removed to Cheyenne, Wyoming, and entered the employ of the Swan Bros., then among the most extensive stock oper- ators of the West. He worked on the range for a time, then resigned his position and became a salesman in a store, in which employment he continued for. about three years. In .1883 he re- moved to the vicinity of Hat Creek, Converse county, and located the ranch property which he now owns and occupies. Here he engaged act- ively in the mercantile business and also in cat- tleraising. Since that time he has remained con- tinuously in the same business and has met with marked success, being now the owner of about 2,000 acres of patented land and controlling some 5,000 acres of land under lease from the state. His ranch is well improved, a large portion of it being under ditch, and he grows great quantities of hay, most of which is consumed on the place by his own stock. He is the owner of a fine herd of Hereford cattle, averaging 1,500 head, among which are some of the best thoroughbred stock of the state. He is also the owner of a large number of high-class Clydesdale horses and takes great pride in his notably fine stock, in the growing of which he has been conspicuously suc- cessful. In August, 1 Mr. Storrie was united in marriage with Miss Mary L. Pease, a daugh- ter of Hon. Walter D. Pease, of Cheyenne, Wyo., one of the leading citizens of the state. To their union has been born one child, namely, Walter, and their home is noted for its generous and gracious hospitality, the family being the fore- most in all works of progress and charity. Mr. Storrie is a stanch member of the Republican party, although in no sense a politician. He has ably served his fellow citizens as county com- missioner and for four vears he has been a mem- ber of the Republican State Central Committee. He is held in high esteem by all who know him, and is looked upon throughout the state as one of the most substantial, successful and deserving men of Wyoming. RICHARD L. THAYER. One of the pioneer citizens of Western Wyo- ming, and one of its enterprising and progressive business men, Richard L. Thayer, whose postof- fice address is Dubois, Fremont county, is a na- tive of the state of Michigan, born at Sault Ste. Marie, on February 21, 1853, the son of Simeon and Nancy (Pace) Thayer, the former a native of the state of New York and the latter of Penn- sylvania. His father was of Irish descent and his mother a member of an old Quaker family that was among the earliest settlers of Pennsyl- vania. His father followed the manufacturing of fine cutlery and was long engaged in an active and a very prosperous business in Michigan and Indiana until the Civil War, when he re- sponded to the first call for troops made by Pres- ident Lincoln and enlisted in a regiment of Indi- ana infantry and during the second year of the war he was killed in battle and he now rests in an unknown grave in the South. In addi- tion to his son, Richard, he left a daughter, Mary, who is now the wife of John Scanlan, a promin- ent business man of Sault Ste. Marie, Mich. Mr. Thayer, by reason of the death of his father, was obliged to leave school at an early age for the purpose of contributing to the support of his mother and the family. In 1867, he engaged in teaming and freighting in Michigan and subse- quently came west to the Black Hills, Dakota, later going to the yet virgin territory of Mon- tana. Here he engaged in the hunting of buffalo, then a lucrative business in that territory. Later he embarked in freighting, which occupation he followed in Montana for a number of years and he was freighting for the U. S. government at Fort Keogh at the time of the subjugation of the Sioux by General Miles. Subsequently to this he engaged in the livery business at Sheridan. Wyo., and also at Bighorn, Sheridan county, where he had the misfortune to be burned out. so, in 1898, he came to Otto, on the Grey Bull River, where he established his home and remained two years. In 1900, with a number of other business men, he came to the site of Dubois, where they secured and now own the townsite and are building up PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 593 a prosperous city, which gives promise of a steady growth. On May 6, 1884, Mr. Thayer was united in marriage with Miss Arilla Soper, a native of Canada. To their union have been born two children, namely, Ada and Simeon. Their home at Dubois is noted for its generous western hospitality. Mr. Thayer is a progres- sive and public spirited citizen, active and suc- cessful in business, and is doing much to develop the resources of his section. DAVID G. THOMAS. One of the most widely known and most progressive inhabitants of Spring Valley, Wyo- ming, David G. Thomas, is a native of Pitts- burg, Pa., where he was born in 1857, the son of John F. and Margaret (Griffith) Thomas. John F. Thomas was a native of Wales and worked as a puddler in the iron-works of that country. He came to America in 1854 and worked first in the coal mines at Myersville, Pa. From there he went to Pittsburg, where he remained until 1857, when he went to West Virginia, and was employed there in the coal mines until 1861. Then he moved his family to Ohio, where he mined until 1865, when he moved to Fulton county, 111. In 1869 ne went with his family to Macon county, Mo., later making the family residence at Cheer, Iowa, where he remained until his death at the age of fifty-seven. His character is well expressed in the sobriquet of "Honest John," given to him by his neighbors. He was a Republican in pol- itics. His father was David Thomas, an iron- worker, who was born, lived and died in Wales. Margaret Griffith Thomas was also born in Wales. She came with her parents to Pennsyl- vania, where she was married, and is now liv- ing in Missouri, as is also her mother. Her fa- ther, David Griffith, died there. David G. Thomas was reared to follow the calling of his father and worked and travelled with the latter as a coal-miner. At the age .of twenty-one he was working in the Ohio mines. In 1878 he went to Salt Lake City for his health and re- mained there about nine months, thence he went to Rock Springs, Wyo., where he was em- ployed as a foreman miner from November, 1878, to August 19, 1901. He belongs to the progressive type of man and is always ad- vancing. He is a Republican in politics. He was state inspector of mines from 1890 to 1897. While employed as foreman miner he was also studying law, and he was admitted to the bar in 1897. In 1898 he was elected prosecuting attorney of Sweetwater county, resigning the office in March, 1900. He was mayor of Green River in 1900. He was a member of the last Territorial, Legislature, 1889-90; and it was he who introduced the bill giving to incorporated towns ■ the right to regulate gambling within their limits, superseding the former county reg- ulations. Mr. Thomas took the responsible po- sition of superintendent of the mines at Spring Valley, Wyo., for the U. P. Co. in 1891, and re- signed the same on August 1, 1902. Mr. Thomas is a member of the Knights of Pythias and of the Masonic lodge of Rock Springs, Wyo. He married in 1893 with Lizzie Jones, a native of 'Wales, a daughter of David and Elizabeth Jones. She met Mr. Thomas in Mis- souri and was married there. Mr. and Mrs. Thomas have one child who bears the eupho- nious Welsh name of Margaret Myfanwy. HON. JOHN B. THATCHER, JR. "The mother of states and of statesmen," old Virginia, has given to every part of our country men of heroic mold and lofty character, and they have aided in developing the section where they have settled and starting it forward on the line of healthful and judicious progress. Among those who trace their lineage to the Old Domin- ion in Wyoming is Hon. John B. Thatcher, Jr., of Star Valley, near Bedford. His life began at Payson, Utah, on May 22, 1859, where his par- ents, John B. and Rachel H. (Davis) Thatcher, were living and where his father was then carry- ing on a large industry in merchandising, later be- ing a stockgrower in Idaho. He is now living at Thatcher in that state aged sixty-eight years, being a native of Virginia and his wife of Ohio. 594 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. He was early in life deeply interested in public affairs and became prominent in his locality. His paternal ancestors came to America in 1650, the party consisted of husband, wife and the three grown sons. The ship was wrecked on the coast of Massachusetts and the sons were all drowned. The parents were cast on an island, where they lived two years, then took up their residence on the mainland and a son was born to them, al- though they were fifty-two years old. John B. Thatcher, Jr., was educated in the district schools of Logan, Utah, but his opportunities were lim- ited and the schools were very primitive, both in method and equipment. He had a great thirst for knowledge and did all that he could to satisfy this by private study and much thought- ful reading after leaving school. His first occupation was that of a fireman on an engine on an Idaho railroad. He followed this with shop-work in the employ of the same com- pany for two years, then began ranching and dairying and, in 1890, removed to Wyoming and took up a ranch three miles above the town of Bedford, on which he has since successfully and profitably engaged in stockgrowing and dairy- ing. His ranch is one of the best in this section, comprises 320 acres and is improved with a good house of eight rooms and all the needed out- buildings. His herd is a superior one of graded Durhams, their product having a high place in the market. As a means of adding to its value and also serving the community with a needed industry, he promoted the establishment of the creamery at Bedford and has been one of its main sources of supply and a large part of its inspiration and guiding force. In public affairs he has always taken an active and useful interest. He served as justice of the peace for a number of years and in 1896 was elected to the lower house of the Fourth State Legislature. Though much averse to official station, he has not escaped the demand for good men in this line, and in the fall of 1902 was nominated on the Democratic ticket for the State Senate, but was not elected, the state going Republican. Mr. Thatcher may properly be called the father of the town of Bed- ford. He put in motion the forces that called it into being, and over its childhood he watched with assiduous care. He was also instrumental in getting the state lands in this vicinity ceded back to the government and opened up for set- tlement. For years he has been the bishop of the ward and has given the affairs of the Church of Latter Day Saints close and careful attention. He was married at Salt Lake City, in November, 1882, to Miss Nellie Muir, a native of Utah and a daughter of William S. and Ellen (Berry) Muir, residents of Bountiful, and now dead. The Thatchers have eight children, William Wal- lace, Frank, John B., Rachel, May, Preston, Es- telle and Elise. LEVI WOOD. This worthy gentleman, who is one of the progressive and representative stockgrowers and farmers of Sheridan county, Wyoming, with a well-improved and conveniently equipped ranch of 280 acres, pleasantly located along Little Goose Creek, has come to his present state of competence and prosperity through a varied ex- perience and after many struggles and difficul- ties, triumphing over every adversity by reason of his pluck, enterprise, perseverance and business capacity. He was born at Coshocton, Ohio, on August 10, 1828, and remained there until he was twelve years of age, when he came west to Missouri where he worked on farms to earn his living, and managed to attend the public school for a few weeks in the winter months. In May 1848 he left DeKalb county, Missouri, for Fort Leavenworth, where he enrolled as teamster to carry supplies to our soldiers stationed at Santa Fe. Guarded by U. S. troops, he with the other teamsters traversed the vast region between Kan- sas and New Mexico. Herds of buffalo were seen almost every day. While on this trip, his coffee was seasoned with grasshoppers, conse- quently he has not tasted the beverage since After an absence of six months he returned to Missouri. After a residence of twenty years in Missouri, in which he gradually won his way in the contests of life, he came in 1880 to Wyo- ming-, and for two vears he lived on Horse Creek LEVI WOOD. MRS. MARGARET J. WOOD. PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 595 ir Laramie county, engaged in the stock busi- ness. He then returned to Missouri for a two years' stay, and, in 1882, again passed through Wyoming, this time going into the Gallatin Valley in Montana, where he purchased stock with the view of making operations in that line of industry his permanent occupation. In the autumn of 1882 he settled on the ranch on Little Goose Creek, which is now his home, and on which he has since resided and carried on a flourishing stock business, raising and handling good breeds in large numbers, caring for his products in such a way as to make them worthy of and secure in the high rank in the markets which they soon reached after he began his en- terprise. Mr. Wood was married on July 3, 1850, to Miss Margaret J. Estes, of Maysville, Mo., and they became the parents of ten children, five of whom are living: William S., married to Miss Susan Jones, and living at Custer, S. D. ; Thomp- son ; Daniel J., married to Mrs. Luella Prigle, and living at Big Horn in this state ; Neri D., married to Miss Sallie Jennings and living at Hyattville, Wyo. ; and Frank, unmarried and liv- ing at Red Bank, Wyo. The children deceased are Andrew T., Rachel, Eli, Levi W. S. and George B. After forty-seven years of wedded life and most faithful performance of every duty toward her family, her neighbors and to all hu- manity, Mrs. Wood died in 1897 at the age of sixty-eight years. Mr. Wood comes of a long- lived family, for his father, Andrew Wood, a native of New York state, was sixty-five years old when he died, and the mother, whose maiden name was Nancy Thompson, and who was born and reared in Ohio, was ninety-nine at her de- cease. Mr. Wood himself has passed by nearly five years the limit of human life as fixed by the sacred writer, as he will be seventy-five on Au- gust 10, 1903. But he is still hale and vigorous in body, cheerful in disposition, clear and forc- ible in mental power, and self-reliant in spirit. The evening of life is upon him, but it is irra- diated and cheered by the recollection of well-em- ployed time in the past, by well-assured comfort in the present, and by the knowledge that his memory will linger long and pleasantly in the 37 minds of his hosts of friends, and of the people among who he has lived, after he shall have lain down to his long sleep. In politics he has ever been Democratic in principle, and now is a be- liever in and an advocate of Socialism, the com- ing benefaction to humanity. He has never taken an active part in campaigns or sought office of any kind. The work of his ranch and other duties have satisfied his desires for employment, and filled his aspirations except where the wel- fare of the community has been involved, and then he has been serviceable to every interest. He still owns the homestead (which has one of the best water-rights in the state), but resides with his son D. J. Wood, of Big Horn, Wyo. JOSIAH TWITCHEL. Quietly engaged in prosperous ranching on the LaBarge Creek, seven miles north of west from Viola postoffice, Uinta county, Wyo., Mr. Twitchel, after a life of adventurous existence and hard manual labor, can now take his ease, and recount the story of his activities in earlier years as incentives to the younger generations. And that they may not be lost to posterity we will permanently preserve a review of his event- ful life in this memorial volume. Mr. Twitchel was born in McDonough county, 111., on May 20, 1842, being a son of Ephraim and Phebe M. (Knight) Twitchel, both of whom are natives of Illinois. The father was a farmer and a stock- man, being also a descendant of an early Eng- lish emigrant who came to the Massachusetts colony in very early days of the Colonial period, descendants of whom have battled pa- triotically for the Union in every war in which this country has been engaged, from the early French and Indian wars and the Revolution to the Spanish-American War. Mr. Twitchel, one of the ten children of the family, was only six years of age when he accompanied his par- ents, who were among the earliest to take part in the most remarkable religious emigration and immigration of modern times, to Utah, they accomplishing the long and hazardous journey across the plains with ox teams, and his young- 596 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. er sister, Sarah C, now the wife of William Manhart, of Beaver City, Utah, was the first white child born in Ogden, where the company of immigrants built the first house of the place and established their homes. Ephraim Twitchel was a man of strong character, very energetic and a thorough American. In 1849 ne took his family to California, and, incidentally, we will mention that he aided in the erection of the first American house built in Sacramento, re- ceiving ten dollars a day for his labor. Going from that place to the now historic Sutter's Mill, he received at first $25.00 a day, and later $50.00 a day, while later he was further offered $100.00 a day to haul sawlogs to Sutter's saw- mill with two yokes of oxen and an old Spanish cart, but refused the offer, as he was anxious to become established in a house of his own. Dur- ing their residence here, Mr. Twitchel and one of his brothers used to steal away on Sunday and wash out gold at the mill, procuring at least three dollars in gold for each hour's labor, then they would hurry back so as not to be missed, for their father was very strict in the observance of the Sabbath by his family. In crossing Humboldt River they had to use the wagon-boxes for boats, paddling them across and swimming the stock, in their further journey, coming to the Sierra Nevadas, over which they drove on the hard snow as on a pavement. The winter of 1849-50 was passed on the Sacramento River at Vernon, where Mr. Twitchel took up a placer claim, from which he took out $150 and abandoned it. In 1852, while carrying $800 in $50 gold "slugs" in a belt buckled around him, he was attacked by the noted Mexican bandit, Joaquin, who had just broken out of Stockton jail. Mr. Twitchel saw him in time however to draw his pistol in advance of the robber, who then gave spurs to his horse and rode off without his expected booty. When the United States assumed pos- session of the land Mr. Twitchel's family was the first one to raise the American flag. The Spanish had been troublesome, causing the lit- tle colony of settlers under Mr. Twitchel's di- rection to do much drilling with arms, and, al- though the Spanish declared that they should not raise the flag, they had a celebration and the flag-raising without having any need to protect themselves by arms. Mr. Twitchel later engaged in ranching and stockraising, but soon returned to Utah and there he continued to be identified with church work. His wife died there in 1857 and here his life's labors also came to an end at an advanced age. Josiah Twitchel had about three months' schooling in California and when about twenty years of age he commenced his personal business life by en- gaging as an ox-driver on the long trail that reached from Salt Lake City to the Missouri River, traveling this to and fro until 1863, when he devoted himself to stockraising, in which he has since continued. In crossing the plains they saw on every trip millions of buffalo, there being scarcely an hour of the day when they were not in sight, and once the buffalo came near running over the train. In this vocation he saw many hardships. The Indians were on the warpath. Once the train passed through a village of 500 lodges full of warriors, who yelled and tried to stampede the oxen, but each driver held fast to the lead oxen's horns and yoke, and by this means preventing the animals from stampeding. He has had other and thrill- ing - adventures in his wild, western life and once their stock was stampeded by the Snake Indians, they losing nearly all of it, recovering only a small portion. In 1880 he came to Wyoming and located on Green River and in 1887 he worked at sheepshearing in the Fon- tenelle country, making $7.75 a day net. In 1890. in connection with his ranching he bought a sawmill on La Barge Creek, which he profitably conducted. His landed estate now comprises 320 acres of excellent land and he is running valuable herds of both cattle and horses. On August 20, 1865, at Beaver City, Utah, Mr. Twitchel assumed the bonds of matrimony with Miss Elmina Mangrum. Her mother, now Mrs. Stephens, is living at Green River City, at the patriarchal age of more than eighty years. Mr. and Mrs. Twitchel were parents of eleven children, five of whom are living ; P. P. ; O. M. ; PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 597 Mary E., wife of Joseph Beattie of Bigpiney; Alven L. ; Nettie E. Alven L. is one of the greatest broncho riders of the country. He rode for a prize in a riding contest on July 4, 1902, which, however, ended as a draw. Mrs. Twitchel was a most excellent woman, possess- ing those qualities of both head and heart that caused her to be acknowledged as a most de- voted wife and mother. She was held in great respect by all who knew her, and, on her death, on April 28, 1897, she was universally mourned. She was buried at Green River City, Wyo. Mr. Twitchel has ever shown great public spirit, devoting himself heartily to the support of those objects that have for their ultimate re- sults the improvement of the community, and is staunchly arrayed in support of the principles and policies of the "Doing Right" party, doing to all so far as it is given to him to know, the practical doctrines of the "Golden Rule," while he is a consistent member of the Mormon church, with which he has been identified for many years. He is held in high esteem, not only as a man and citizen, but as one of the best types of a class now rapidly passing away, the old frontiersman of the plains. Mr. Twitch- el tells of one startling incident on the plains well worth recording. While driving in an ox- train in 1863, lightning struck the old U. S telegraph wire, from which it jumped to a wagon loaded with stoves, setting the wagon on fire and killing five oxen. JOSEPH WALL. The fair land of Sweden has given to the development and settlement of the Great West some of its most valuable citizens, who by their probity, their industry and their great intelligence have been a credit and an honor to the land from which they came, and are alsb among the representative citizens of the land of their adop- tion. Notably is this the case with Joseph Wall, whose well improved and valuable estate is located two and one-half miles north of the brisk and prosperous town of Lyman, Wyo., where he is engaged in stockraising on a scale of scope and importance. He was born in Os- tertollen, Sweden, on August 15, 1848. His parents, Joseph and Johanna Wall, came to Utah in 1873, as part of a Mormon colony, and there they passed their remaining years, the mother dying in January, 1885, and the father in January, 1899, and both lie buried in Cot- tonwood ward cemetery. Joseph Wall was the second of their six children. Receiving his ed- ucation in the excellent Swedish schools, he came to Nebraska in 1871, and lived there un- til 1882, when he came to Utah and here ap- plied himself to carpenter work until 1892. Then he removed to his present location in Wyoming and homesteaded eighty acres of land, his right to more having been forfeited by his previously taking eighty in Nebraska. In Wyoming he has been prospered in his specialty of stockraising, his operations so expanding that he has been forced to lease large tracts and he now farms about 600 acres of land and is developing a fine estate, on which, at the present writing (1902), he is constructing- an elegant residence of twelve rooms, modern in style and architec- ture, and is also adding other necessary im- provements to his property. In Nebraska, on January 14, 1873, occurred the marriage of Mr. Wall and Miss Christina Larson, a daughter of Lars Larson, of Sweden, and to them were born four children, Albion, who died in Ne- braska in infancy; Joseph ; Anna M., now wife of Henry Voss, residing near Lyman, and Hattie V., now the wife of Oscar Erickson, of Mountain View. Mrs. Christina Wall died in Utah on April 26, 1881, at the age of thirty- three years and was buried in Big Cottonwood cemetery. On July 21, 1881, at Salt Lake City, Mr. Wall wedded Miss Jensine Hendrickson, a daughter of Henry Peterson and his wife, Anna Jenson, natives of Denmark. Her father de- parted this life in his native country and in 1871 his widow and family came to Utah. There are four children of this marriage, Joseph W., Ed- win M., Leonard and Charlotte O. Both par- ents are faithful and consistent members of the Church of Latter Day Saints at Lyman and Mr. Wall has had the distinction of beina: one 598 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. of the priests of the Seventy. During the practice of polygamy he had two other wives, by one of whom, Tomina Peterson, he had seven children, Elizabeth M., Lawrence C, Sina M., Hannah T., Clara A., Henry W. and Francis L. By the other,. Ellen Anderson, he had six children, Cora S., who died in infancy, Raymond A., Nana V., George A., Marietta N. and Eunice M. JOHN VIBLE. The first settler at what is now the town of Newfork, Wyoming, for years its justice of the peace and conservator of order, now its effi- cient postmaster and leading merchant, John Vible can most justly be called one of the es- sential institutions of the town as well as its father and founder. He is a native of Den- mark, where he was born on January 23, 1857, and where his parents, Oliver and Christina (Terkelsen) Vible, passed their entire lives, as their forefathers had done generations before them. The father was a prosperous farmer and died at his home in 1874, at the age of seventy- three. The mother died there at the age of six- ty-three in 1885. John Vible was the youngest of his parent's family of four children, all of whom are living, and was reared and educated in his native land. As he grew to manhood he worked on the farm, and later saw three years active ser- vice in the German army. In 1884 he came to the United States and at once made his way towards the farther West, stopping in Iowa three months to work on a farm, and then proceeded to Mon- tana, where he engaged in railroading during the winter. In the spring of 1885 he went to Washington territory and passed two months railroading, at the -end of which time he en- gaged in similar work in Wyoming and Idaho, being employed by the Oregon Short Line until the autumn of 1887, serving one year as section foreman. Growing tired, of railroading and longing- for a more independent life, with larger opportunities, in the spring of t888 he located on the ranch he now occupies, which he has expanded to 640 acres. In addition to the business connected with it and with his exten- sive cattle industry, he conducts a general store and since 1899 has also been the postmaster at Newfork, which was made a post office in 1891. For ten years he has been a justice of the peace, and as such he had a wholesome and stimulating effect on the peace and prosperity of the community. His store is the center of the commercial activity of a large scope of country, his farm and cattle interests are among the most extensive and progressive in his part of the county, his place in the regard of his fel- low men is second to none and his usefulness to the town and surrounding country have been from first to last of commanding value. On August 12, 1890, Mr. Vible married with Miss Kate Broderson, a native of Denmark and daughter of Nelson H. and Anne Broderson. Four children have blessed their union and added to the sunshine and life of their pleasant home. The children are : Oliver N., Louis J., Anna C, J. M. and John F. FRANK O. WILLIAMS. One of the leading mining and stock men of Southern Wyoming, one who has borne a prom- inent part in the business and public life of the state, Hon. Frank O. Williams, of the city of Encampment, Carbon county, Wyo., was born in Litchfield county, Conn., on April 27, 1848, the son of Orville and Minerva (Gillette) Williams, the former a native of Massachusetts, and the latter of Connecticut. His paternal grandfather, Jesse Williams, was also a native of Massachu- setts and a prominent man of that common- wealth. His maternal grandfather, named Al- mond Gillette, married with Miss Laura Adams, of the famous Massachusetts Adams family. His great-grandfather, Benoni Gillette, was a son of Joseph Gillette, a distinguished officer of the Revolution, who served during the entire conflict. His great-great-grandfather Adams was also in the Colonial army and bore a part in the troublous times of that, period. Frank O. Williams grew to manhood in his native state, and received his early education in the PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 599 public schools of the vicinity of his boyhood's home. In 1865 the spirit of adventure led him to seek his fortune in the far West. Leaving his old home in Connecticut, he came to Kan- sas, where he remained until the spring of 1866, then proceeded to Denver. Soon after he left that city and came to the Laramie Plains, then on the extreme frontier of Wyoming. Here he located at one of the regular road-houses on the old overland Laramie and California trail, secured employment and was soon after placed in charge of the business of the place. At this time the country was wholly unsettled and the Indians were very troublesome. It was neces- sary to go fifteen miles for wood and timber, and while carrying on the place he had many thrilling experiences and narrow escapes. For several years he led an adventurous life, and saw much western country. In 1870 he met his present partner in business, Mr. H. R. Jones, in Denver. They formed a partnership, which has continued to the present time, and came together to Wyoming. Here they first engaged in mining and prospecting, taking up the ranch which they now own and occupy as a side issue and a place for headquarters, while pursuing their mining operations. They lo- cated and developed the Charter-Oak mine, aft- erwards sold for a large figure to an English syndicate. They also opened up the Bridget mines that were situated in the old Bridger pass, which they disposed of to eastern parties and they are still the owners of a large number of fine mining properties in that vicinity. While conducting their mining operations they also improved their ranch, and engaged extensively in the stock business. They are now the owners of a fine ranch, comprising about 1,500 acres, all practically under irrigation, and they grow great quantities of alfalfa and of small grains, most of which is consumed on the place by their own stock. They handle cattle and horses, dealing in thoroughbred Herefords and Nor- man-Percherons, and are the owners of some of the most valuable animals in that section of Wyoming. They are among the most progres- sive and enterprising of the stockmen of the state, and have done much to improve the breed of range cattle and draft horses. They are among the solid business men and substantial property owners of Carbon county. Mr. Wil- liams is one of the leading men of his adopted state. At the time of the Columbian World's Exposition at Chicago, in 1892, he received the appointment of Commissioner from the state of Wyoming, and served in that capacity with credit both to himself and to the state. He he also served as a member of the Territorial Legislature, and upon the admission of the state he was elected as a member of the first State Senate. Since that time he has several times been elected to the State Legislature, and has served in that body with great distinction. Many measures of useful and beneficial legisla- tion now upon the statute books of Wyoming owe their origin to his industry and patriotic devotion to public duty. No man in the state stands higher in the estimation of the people, and the leading part which he has taken in developing the resources and laying the foun- dations of the state has been such as to give him a permanent place in its history and in the gratitude of its people. Loyal to all the in- terests of the state, and successful, straightfor- ward, both in private and in public life, he is held in high esteem by his fellow citizens and, if he desired to seek other public honors, might achieve any office within their gift. Progres- sive, enterprising, and inspired by public spirit, it is to such men as he that the West owes its rapid development from savagery to civilization. In Wyoming he has seen it progress through all the various stages from the wilderness and the barren plain, inhabited only by the Indian and the buffalo, to its present condition of civ- ilized happiness and prosperity. B. F. WICKMIRE. B. F. Wickmire, one of the prosperous and well-esteemed stockmen and farmers of the Hyattville neighborhood of Bighorn county, Wyoming, came to this state in 1882, and has made it his residence continuously since that 6oo PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. time, being closely identified with its history and a contributor to its prosperity and devel- opment for more than twenty years. He is a native of the state of New York, born on De- cember 19, 1863, the son of Nathan and Oline (Root) Wickmire, the former a native of Connec- ticut and the latter of Rhode Island. In 1875, when he was twelve years old, the family came overland to Nebraska and located in Red Wil- low county where the father took up a home- stead and spent a number of years in farming. Before she had been many years in her new home the mother died, and in 1882, the son came to Wyoming and in the county in which he now lives rode the range for three years in the employ of John Luman. He then took up a homestead on the Medicine Lodge and, until 1897, carried on there a flourishing and ex- panding stock business. In that year he took a drove of horses to Alaska, going through Canada to the Arctic Ocean and from thence to Priest River where he left the horses. He then continued his journey of hardship and privation to McKenzie River, from there to Porcupine River and on to Dawson. The trip was full of peril and almost every mile in the Arctic portion of it was clouded by the shadow of death. He got through however without serious mishap, and returned to his home in 1898, since which time he has been busily occupied with his farming and stockgrowing operations, con- ducting them on a scale of increasing magnitude and with more and more gratifying results from year to year. He has a tract of 160 acres of land which is naturally fertile and yields generously to the persuasive voice of the hus- bandman, and much of it is under cultivation. His cattle are of good quality and well bred and his horses are of a high grade. Mr. Wickmire was married at Hyattville in April, 1896, to Miss May Rawson, a native of California. He is a member of the Modern Woodmen of America and takes an active interest in the affairs of his lodge. Although he has seen less than half-a-century of life Mr. Wickmire has had experiences numerous and various enough to make a volume in the telling of them, and the narrative would be full of tragedy and the interest that is inseparable from perilous or high adventure. As a boy he took the long and wearying trip across the plains that was always attended with daily peril and uncer- tainty, and monotonous as it must necessarily have been much of the time, did, nevertheless, present variety of scene and incident sufficient to keep the interest on the alert. He assisted in the burial of the bodies of Rogers and Leeper, who were murdered on No Water, in 1883. As a man he has dwelt in a new country, helped to reduce it to civilization and fruitful- ness and also made the journey to Alaska al- ready alluded to. And now with the recollec- tion of all the sights he has witnessed, all the privations he has endured, all the dangers he has passed, he is living the life of a peaceful tiller of the soil, with its pleasing round of daily duties that make up the prose and poetry of rural existence. MRS. MARY WILSON. There is scarcely any spectacle among the various phases of human life that more excites and solidifies admiration, wins respect and commands considerate attention, than that of a heroic, resolute woman, who, taking hold of adverse fate with a firm and ungauntleted hand, dominates its hard and unpromising conditions to her service and advantage. The pen of the biographer lingers with interest over such an individual, and, although it is an oft-told tale in this western land, it is none the less full of inspiration and high example. This inspiring theme is found in the life-story of Mrs. Mary Wilson, of South Park in the Jackson Hole country of Wyoming, the widow of the late Sylvester Wilson, who was during life a prom- inent ranchman, a brave Indian fighter, a hardy pioneer and a progressive, public spirited man, and whose death in August, 1895, at the age of fifty-five was due to disabilities incurred by ex- posure in the troublous times of his early resi- dence in the wilds of the West. Mrs. Wilson and her sister-in-law, the wife of her husband's PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 60 1 brother, Nicholas Wilson, were the first white women to live in the valley they now inhabit, and well did they earn the honored name of pioneers. Mrs. Wilson was born in Yorkshire, England, on November 2, 1844. Her parents were George and Rebecca (Shaw) Wood, both of Yorkshire ancestry. Her father was a weaver by trade and, being an expert musician, was for a long time a band-leader. He came to the United States in 1844 and was drowned while returning home, just nine weeks before his daughter was born. Her mother came with her young family of four children, of whom Mrs. Wilson was the youngest, to Utah in 1855. Bravely she took her place in the battle of life and, after rearing her family and giving them the high incentive to exertion embodied in her own career, and seeing them well estab- lished among men, she passed away at the ven- erable age of eighty-four years, on September 1, 1900. She was a daughter of Joseph and Mary Shaw, descendants of a family long res- ident in Yorkshire and honorably connected with the civil history of that section. Mrs. Wilson received a limited education in her na- tive land and in Utah, her mother being obliged to pay fees for her tuition in both countries. On May 26, 1861, she married in Cache Val- ley, Utah, where her mother was one of the first settlers, with Sylvester Wilson, a native of Illinois and a son of Elijah and Martha (Kelley) Wilson, who settled in Utah in 1852. The Wilsons who are the subjects of this writ- ing, lived in Cache Valley for six years, then eight years at Round Valley, now Oxford, Idaho, and after that for eight more at Swan Lake, Idaho. Fifteen years were then passed farther south in Emery county, Utah, at the end of which period they moved north and were going to settle in the Snake River Valley in Idaho, but were unable to get hay for their cattle, and they had been assured by Nicholas Wilson that there was plenty of this necessity to be had for the making in the part of Wyo- ming to which they moved, which was then, as has been noted, an unsettled region, into which they were almost the first intruders. Here they filed on 160 acres of government land which Mrs. Wilson now owns, and which has proven to be a judicious choice, as it is well adapted for their leading industry of stock- raising, being largely meadow and yielding cheerfully to the persuasive hand of skillful hus- bandry. Mr. Wilson's death in 1895 left his. widow at the meridian of life, with her faculties well trained in pioneer needs, her energies re- sponsive and enduring, her business capacity in full vigor and her self-reliance sufficient for every emergency. She has since carried on the business successfully along broad lines of progressive activity, holding her own in the mercantile contests incident thereto and im- pressing her worth and spirit on- the commun- ity far and near. Her husband had lived a strenuous life amid the scenes of savage cruelty and treachery, had met the Indians on their chosen ground and baffled them with their own tactics, had aided in redeeming the wilderness to fertility and systematic productiveness, and as a bishop of the Mormon church and prom- inent in its councils, had spread the light and comfort of his religious faith among the people whom his presence helped and cheered. And she has been at his side, with ever present aid, in all of his arduous labors and soul-harrowing experiences, so that her knowledge of human nature and of affairs was both comprehensive and practical. They were the parents of twelve children of whom eight are living and exempli- fying in their lives the lessons taught in his. They are : Mary A., married to Selar Cheney, of South Park ; Rebecca A., married to James Robertson, of Cheney ; Martha, married to Harmon Curtis, of Utah ; John H., living half- a-mile south, and Charles living two miles north of their mother's farm ; George A. and Elias, living at home ; Melvina E., who is yet at school. Those deceased are : Sylvester, who died in infancy ; Ervin, who left a widow and five children and was buried by the side of his father ; Sarah E., who died when thirteen years old ; Joseph, who died at the age of ten. Mrs. Wilson is a well-preserved lady, whose vigor of body, clearness of mind and sprightliness of 6o2 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. spirit give no suggestion of the years she has lived or of the hardships she has suffered. She is a very interesting survival of the devoted, heroic, all-daring and all-enduring pioneer women, a type that is fast passing away from human sight and personal knowledge. EDWARD YOUNG. If the ancient adage be true that "He who causes two blades of grass to grow where only one grew before is a public benefactor," what must be said of such a man as Edward Young, of the Little Popo Agie country of Fremont county, Wyoming, who, by his intelligent la- bors, his far-seeing judgment and unusual dis- crimination, has demonstrated to the peoole of his state that successful fruit growing is one of of the future prominent industries, and that Wyoming stands second to no other common- wealth in the yield of its fruit, in the range of its variety or in the flavor and character "of the magnificent productions of its orchards. Mr. Young is the pioneer and leader of the horticul- ture of Wyoming and his success has been hon- estly acquired. He is entitled to the gratitude of the entire commonwealth for his successful endeavors in this direction. Edward Young was born in Germany, on August 12, 1844, and in 1863 came to the United States, first locating in New York, thence, in 1868, coming westward to Nebraska, a year later, in company with Dr. Harrison, now of Evanston, he engaged in mining operations at South Pass, where he con- tinued to abide until 1871, when he made his permanent home on a portion of his present beautiful estate, situated fifteen miles south of the thriving city of Landers. Here he com- menced his labors, first being a gardener and stockraiser, soon however, taking up the spe- ciality in which he has been so prospered and made such a reputation by setting out and ex- perimenting with fruit-trees, through his sa- gacity, care and perseverance, being now the proud possessor of the finest orchard of the state, taking the first premium for his exhibit at the state fair in 1890, and having in success- ful cultivation and bearing 2,000 trees, includ- ing apple, pear, plum, apricot and cherry trees, and numerous small fruits, grapes, etc. Mr. Young has 400 acres of excellent land in his home ranch, finely improved with a comfort- able dwelling, suitable buildings and accessories for his extensive agricultural operations, hav- ing also 400 acres in one body closely adjacent to the homestead, while in addition to these tracts he controls 1,200 acres of leased land. Upon this property he raises horses and cattle of a superior character, in the latter stock de- voting his attention to the graded Durham and Hereford breeds, being also a successful agri- culturist and enjoying the reputation of being one of the representative farmers of the state. Incidentally in this connection we will mention that he has a large water-wheel of twenty-two feet in diameter which lifts the water used on his home ranch from the Little Popo Agie River. Mr. Young has worthily acquired his pres- ent prosperity by his own ability and occupies a high position in the esteem of tne people, by his originality, his public spirit and his intelli- gent development of the resources lying dor- mant in the country winning and retaining many friends and adding to the wealth and prosperity of his community. In political re- lations he is in active sympathy with the Dem- ocratic party, supporting its candidates and principles, but never seeking political or public stations for himself. CHARLES J. ALLEN. Dwelling at Moran on the shore of Jackson lake in Uinta county, Wyoming, on the south- ern border of the Yellowstone National Park, in the midst of a region so beautiful that one can almost feel contact with the celestial soul that lights the smile on Nature's lips, and hav- ing by inheritance from a long line of thrifty ancestors and through practice on his own ac- count excellent business capacity, Charles J. Al- len, prominent in his section as ranchman, stock- man, merchant and hotel proprietor, and securely established in the regard and good opinion of his PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 603 fellow men, has in himself and his surroundings the elements of prosperity, comfort, cultivation and happiness. He was born at Bountiful, Utah, on May 31, 1853, a son of J tide and Mary A. (Nichols) Allen, natives of Ohio who crossed the plains to the Mormon state in 1852, and there the father took high rank as a public spirited man, with a knowledge of affairs and a deep and serviceable interest in church matters. He was a ranchman also, and prosperous in his business. His wife, a daughter of Josiah and Mary A. Nichols, of Ohio, died in 1862 at the age of thir- ty-five, while he lived to be eighty-two, passing away in 1891. They had twelve children, of whom eight are living. Charles J. Allen was educated in the public schools of his native state and then engaged in ranching on its fertile plains until 1 88 1, when he removed to the neighbor- hood of American Falls, Idaho, and there contin- ued his ranching industry until 1896. In that year he sold his interests and, locating at Jack- son, Wyo., bought a farm of 160 acres and set- tled on it for the purpose of carrying on ex- tensive farming operations, at the same time acting as a guide for tourists through the pictur- esque and impressive natural scenery surround- ing him. He also then bought a ranch of 160 acres on which he now conducts a profitable stock business, having sold the one at Jackson. He is besides engaged in merchandising on an extensive scale and keeps a fine hotel on the government road to the National Park, where full lines of tourists' supplies are to be had and where the comfort of both man and beast are carefully provided for. On January 22, 1873, he was married in Utah to Miss Maria Lish, a native of that state and daughter of Enos and Maria (Alexander) Lish. They have had eight children, all of the living ones being residents of Grovont, Wyo., except the youngest three : Orpha M., now wife of George Kelley; Charles J., drowned at Rockland, Idaho, when he was eleven years old; Mary A., now wife of James Budge; Sarah Avilla, wife of Albert Nelson; Eunice C, wife of Harry M. Smith; and Jude Valdez, Andrew M. and Neil D., who are liv- ing at home, Neil D. being at school. In 1892 the Aliens had a postoffice established at their home and Mrs. Allen was appointed postmistress in July of that year. The family stands high in social circles, have commanding influence in the business world, are leaders in all public en- terprises, and exemplify in their daily life the most admired elements of American citizenship. CICERO AVENT. Long ago, almost at the dawn of American history, the ancestors of Cicero Avent settled in the sunny Southland of our country, and there, throughout the subsequent annals of Georgia and Mississippi the family names appear with hon- orable mention in every relation of life and ev- ery line of productive activity. His father, F. M. Avent. was a native of the former state and his mother, whose maiden name was Harriet Humphrey, of the latter. Early in their mar- ried life they moved to Texas, and there, on March 14, i860, their son Cicero was born. In his native state he reached the age of eighteen and received a limited common-school educa- tion. In 1878 he left the parental household and assumed life's burdens for himself, working in the cattle industry with an earnestness and zeal which indicated that he was looking upon it as his permanent occupation. Two years later he came north with cattle to Laramie county, Wyoming, and in that section of the state he rode the range in the employ, of the yy and other cattle companies for four years, then came to the Bighorn basin as foreman in the same busi- ness for G. W. Baxter. He remained in his em- ploy until he sold out in 1887 and in 1888 was foreman for Otto Franc, or Franc Cattle Co. In 1889 and 1890 he was deputy sheriff of Fre- mont county and at the end of his term again en- tred the service of Mr. Baxter, remaining with him two years. In 1893 he went to Chicago and secured a position as foreman for the Bay State Cattle Co., whose headquarters in Wyoming were at Tensleep. During the next three years he gave this company faithful and appreciated service, and in 1896 settled on land he had lo- cated in 1889, which is a portion of the extensive 604 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. ranch of 1,400 acres he now owns and occupies. The beginning of his independent enterprise was small and the business was conducted under un- usual difficulties. He dwelt in a tent and con- tended with Nature's obdurate and untamed conditions almost single-handed, lacking nearly all the mechanical appliances needed for his work, and assailed at times by hostile forces of savage men, wild beasts and warring elements. But his faith was firm, his courage was strong, his perseverance was unconquerable. And so, before long, on the soil where he planted his foot as a humble though hopeful invader, he stood erect as a controlling lord and master. His business prospered and grew in magnitude, the hard con- ditions of his situation yielded to his energy and skill, values rose as mastery extended, and he is now one of the leading stockmen of the com- monwealth and his home is one of its choice and most highly improved estates. He has also writ- ten his name in enduring phrase on the institu- tions of his county, which owe much of their high character and vigor to the wise and stimulat- ing attention given to their interests by him and other men of the same far-seeing and pro- gressive spirit. The Grey Bull River valley has no more serviceable or more highly esteemed cit- izen, nor is there any one whose place in the public regard has been more honestly won or is more modestly enjoyed. Mr. Avent was united in 'marriage with Miss Fannie Aid en of Shaw- nee, Kan., where the marriage occurred on Dec- cember 13, 1893, and where she was born, but for a number of years prior to their union she had been a resident of the Northwest. They have three daughters and two sons, Agnes, Maud, Hattie, Alden and Monroe, whose pres- ence enlivens their beautiful home which is a cen- ter of attraction to their hosts of admiring friends. CLARK Z., ALLEN. One of the first settlers on Canyon Springs Prairie, taking up land for a home in that most fruitful section when it was an almost untrod- den wild, Clark Z. Allen, of Boyd, has seen it re- deemed from its virgin condition and blossom- ing as the rose for the sustenance and happiness of man, and has the satisfaction of feeling that his own labors and his enlightened and progress- ive spirit have been protential elements in the gratifying change. His life began on January 22, 1852, in Clinton county, Iowa, the son of Allen and Charlotte (Sams) Boyd, natives of Ohio, from whence they removed to Iowa among the early pioneers of Clinton county. There the father farmed industriously for years, having as part of his farm much of the present town-site of Clinton on which he hunted deer long after his arrival. From Iowa he removed to Rooks coun- ty, Kan., in the summer of 1872 and there passed seventeen years in farming ; but the restless spirit of the pioneer still possessed him and in 1891 he left the civilization, which had grown up around him, and once more turned his face toward the wilderness, coming to Wyoming and taking up land on Canyon Springs Prairie, three and one- half miles west of his son's farm. He cultivated this land until 1899 and then went to Colorado and located in Gunnison county, where he now has a fruit farm. Clark Z. Allen was educated in the public schools of Clinton county, Iowa, re- maining there until he was sixteen years old. In that year he went to Kansas and took employ- ment on the Santa Fe Railroad, working for that enterprise until fall and then going to Rooks county where his father lived, and farm- ing there and in Iowa until 1876. He then came west to Idaho and after working three months for the Union Pacific Railroad, he removed to Montana and passed the time until 1883 in hunt- ing and trapping in all parts of that state. In 1884 he came to Wyoming and took up land near Sundance in Crook county. He farmed there until 1888, then settled on his present ranch on Canyon Springs Prairie, twenty-four miles north by east of Newcastle, being one of the first of humankind to invade this fertile section, but be- ing joined by three other settlers within the year. Since locating here he has been industriously engaged in cultivating the soil, improving his ranch, and the other land which he owns near by, and building up the section in all material, moral, educational and social attributes. His PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 605 ranch is one of the most desirable in that portion of the state, and has a name throughout wide- spread markets for the excellent quality of the horses raised on it with special care by its pro- gressive owner, . who is a public spirited man, independent in politics, looking- chiefly for the good of the community through governmental agencies rather than by the triumph of any set of political theories. His influence and example and his active efforts have been productive of much advantage to his people in all proper lines, and he is well esteemed. FRED C. BATH. Among the progressive young business men of Albany county who are fast taking the places in the commercial and industrial life of the coun- ty of the older generation, is the subject of this sketch, Fred C. Bath, a prominent stockman and cattleowner, whose fertile ranch is situated about eleven miles west of the city of Laramie, Wyo- ming. A native of the state of Iowa, he was born in 1868, and is the son of Henry and Cath- erine (Fisher) Bath, well-known and highly re- spected residents of Wyoming. Coming to the territory with his parents when but three months old, Fred C. Bath 'has passed all his life in Wyo- ming. He has seen the conditions change from those of the rude frontier to the modern civiliza- tion and development of today, and has had many interesting experiences on the plains. He received his early education in the public schools of Laramie and subsequently attended the State University of Wyoming, pursuing a course of study at that institution. During his college life he gave a good deal of attention to athletic ex- ercises, and was prominent as an athlete among his fellow students. He took many prizes on field days and was especially noted as a horse- man, capturing the first prize for skill in horse- manship. When he had completed his course of study at the university, he at once engaged in ranching and cattleraising, and is now the owner of a fine ranch, consisting of about three thousand and forty acres of land, well fenced and improved, with a considerable herd of cattle which is being increased from year to year. He takes an especial pride in breeding fine graded stock, and is the owner of some of the most valu- able animals in his section of the state. Mr. Bath is still unmarried. Fraternally, he is affil- iated with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, and is an enthusiastic member of that great order, and takes a deep interest in the fraternal life of the community where he maintains his home. Politically, he is a stanch member of the Democratic party, and takes a leading part in the councils of that political organization, both in his county and in the state. He invariably gives loyal and earnest support to the principles and candidates of his party, and, believing it to be the duty of every good citizen to give a portion of his time to the public welfare, he has yielded to the solicitations of his political friends and associates on more than one occasion, and accept- ed nominations at their hands, although without any hope of succeeding at the election, his party being in the minority. He is highly respected in his portion of the state by all classes of his fellow citizens, and enjoys the loyal support of a large circle of friends, irrespective of political affiliations. He is a man of force and ability, popular, progressive and enterprising, and is one of the most prominent of the rising young men of Wyoming, being unanimously elected school director of District No. 4 at the last election. GEORGE BENNETT. One of the practical stockmen of Laramie county, who has acquired a thorough knowledge of the cattle business by years of experience on the range, and whose business operations on his own account are sure to be attended with suc- cess, George Bennett, a native of the state of Texas, was born in Williamson county on De- cember 21, 1856, and is the son of James and Margaret (Hamilton) Bennett, the former a na- tive of Kentucky, and the latter of Indiana. His father removed from his native state to Texas in early life, there established his home in the county of Williamson, where he engaged in the occupations of ranching and stockraising, and re- 6o6 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. mained engaged in those pursuits until 1898, when he removed his residence to the state of Wyoming, where the parents have since made their home with their son George. Passing the years of his childhood and early manhood in his native county of Williamson, Texas, he then at- tended the public schools and acquired his early educational training. After completing his edu- cation, he remained at home with his parents, assisting his father in the work and manage- ment of his ranch and stock interests until he had attained to the age of twenty-five years. He then left home and engaged in business for him- self. He secured employment in his native state for a short time and then, believing that he could improve his condition, and place himself in po- sition to acquire a fortune, he determined to come north and engage in the cattle business. Arriving in Wyoming in 1883 he secured em- ployment with the T. & B. Cattle Co. in the vicinity of Uva, Laramie county, for the purpose of acquiring a practical knowledge of the busi- ness before he entered upon it on his own ac- count. He remained with this company until about 1891, when he accepted an engagement with the Milwaukee & Wyoming Investment Co., at their North Laramie ranch, well known as the H. R. ranch, and continued there up to 1896. He then left the employ of that company .for the purpose of engaging in business for himself, and in the spring of the following year took up his present ranch, situated on the Platte River, about three miles east of Glendo, in the county of Lara- mie, Wyoming. He has remained here since that time, engaged continuously in the cattle bus- iness, and is rapidly building up his business. By hard work and perseverance and a practical knowledge of all the details of his occupation, and the keeping down of expenses, he is. making a success of his undertaking and putting it on a paying basis. He has about 100 acres under irri- gation, and is steadily adding to his holdings and improvements. Politically, he is a stanch member of the Democratic party, and a loyal ad- vocate of the principles of that political organi- zation, being held in high esteem in the section of the county where he maintains his home. THOMAS BIRD. One of the eminently successful and sub- stantial ranchmen and leading stockowners of Al- bany county, Wyoming, U. S. A., is Thomas Bird, whose postofhee address is Centennial, Wyoming. A native of the great Dominion of Canada, he was born in 1846, and is the son of William and Ann (Dodd) Bird, both natives of England. His father emigrated from his native country to Canada when a young man, where he engaged in the pursuit of farming. Subsequently he re- moved his residence to New York, and there continued in the same occupation, up to the time of his demise, which occurred in 1881, at the age of eighty-seven years and the mother passed away in 1862, aged fifty- four years. She was" a woman of remarkable strength of character, and was the mother of thirteen children. The subject of this sketch grew to man's estate in the state of New York, and there received his early education in the public schools. Leaving school at the early age of sixteen years, he de- termined to make his own way in the world and,- leaving the home of his childhood in New York state, he came to the then territory of Colorado. Here he engaged in mining, which he followed for a period of about four years and- in 1869 he came to Wyoming" with a view to en°fag;inp" in the business of raising cattle. Locating' first in the neighborhood of Laramie, he secured employ- ment on the large cattle ranches in that section for the purpose of acquiring a practical knowl- edge of the business. In the meantime, he was looking about for a suitable place to select as a headquarters for his enterprise, and. in 1883, de- cided upon the ranch which he now owns and occupies, situated about three and one-half miles south of Centennial. Here he purchased at first (v|o acres of land, his means being limited, and with a small band of cattle made a modest begin- ning in his chosen pursuit. By hard work, per- severance and reasonably good judgment, he has gradually built up his business, adding to his holdings both of land and stock each year until now he is the owner of a good ranch property, comprising over 4,700 acres of land. This prop- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 607 erty is carefully improved, well fenced and irri- gated, with considerable tracts under cultiva- tion, and with large barns, buildings, appliances and appointments for the convenient carrying on of a general ranching and stockraising business. His place is well known as one of the finest in that section of the state. He takes especial pride in the breeding of the best grades of Hereford cattle, and he is the owner of some of the finest animals in Wyoming. He has never married. No citizen of Albany county is held in higher es- teem, or is more deserving of the good opinion of his fellow citizens. CHARLES C. BLAKE. Although but a recent acquisition to the bar of Bighorn county, Charles C. Blake, of Basin, is sufficiently far from shore to be under full sail in his profession, and has given abundant evi- dence of his capacity to steer his barque to its desired haven. His story is like that of thousands among us everywhere, similar in the general trend, differing in the specific details, which for- cibly illustrate the wonderful possibilities of American life and the no less wonderful versatil- ity of the American mind. ( Entering upon the stage of action at his maturity in one profitable capacity, the requirements of which carried him through many scenes and events of thrilling in- terest, he is found after a few years pursuing a very different vocation, equally profitable per- haps, or more so, and prolific, too, of scenes and incidents of thrilling interest, but which confines him and his energies to a limited territory and an atmosphere of intellectual rather than of phys- ical activity. Mr. Blake was born on June 12, 1876, in the state of Iowa, and is the son of Isaac W. and Nancy (Keiser) Blake, the former a native of Illinois and the latter of Iowa. In 1884 they moved, to Sundance in this state where the father engaged in the stock industry, and where the parents are now living. There the son Charles grew to manhood and was primarily educated in the public schools of the vicinity. He was able to supplement the rather limited educational facilities thus afforded by a three- years' course of special training at the State Normal School of South Dakota located at Spearfish. After leaving this institution he was occupied in teaching until 1898, when he enlisted in the volunteer army of the United States for service in the Spanish- American War, becoming a member of Colonel Torrey's Rough Riders and remaining in this command from June until October. His valor and capacity in this service won for him the special attention and interest of his colonel, and, after quitting the command, the Colonel furnished him the means to prepare himself for the legal profes- sion. He entered the law school at Lincoln, Neb., in 1889, and two years later was graduated therefrom. He then returned for a short time to Colonel Torrey's Embar cattle ranch, and was soon afterward admitted to practice in the courts of Wyoming. He located at Basin and began his professional duties as a member of the firm of Blake & Lonabaugh, with an office at Basin in his charge and one at Sheridan in charge of Mr. Lonabaugh. Their practice is growing rap- idly in volume and value and, in the forensic or legal contests in which he is called upon to engage, Mr. Blake conducts himself with a man- liness and vigor, and displays a degree of legal knowledge and practical ability, that are win- ning golden opinions from all classes of observ- ers. He has time also for some mercantile busi- ness, in addition to the professional claims upon him, and is the secretary and treasurer of the Basin Land Co. The military instinct which led him to the front in times of danger finds food for activity and practice in the art of war through his membership in the Wyoming National Guard, in which he is the captain of Battery B- He also belongs to the Modern Woodmen of America. On November 10, 1902, he was married at Smithwick, S. D., to Miss Julia Pearl Betts, a native of Hardin county, Iowa, the daughter of Giarles and Rosa (Marple) Betts, natives of Ohio and Illinois respectively. Mr. Blake is also a member of the bar of Nebraska, and has had interesting cases before the courts of that state in which he has acquitted himself with great credit. 6o8 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. LOU BLAKESLEY. Lou Blakesley, principal of the public school at Otto in Bighorn county, and holding an ele- vated place in the regard of the public as a suc- cessful farmer and stockgrower and a progres- sive and public spirited citizen, came to Wyo- ming in 1890 and has since that time been closely connected «with and potential in her develop- ment and the multiplication and improvement of her civilizing forces. Lie was born in Illinois on April 8, 1868, the son of Edmund and Olive (Lake) Blakesley, early settlers in that state, the former a native of New York and the latter of Ohio. He grew to manhood in Kansas, whither the family moved while he was yet a child, and there he was educated and learned something of farming on a large scale. In 1890 he came to Wyoming and engaged in teaching at Lander, remaining in charge of the school in that town until 1893 when he came to the Big- horn basin and founded the Otto Courier, which he edited and managed until 1900. He then sold the newspaper and turned his attention to farm- ing and raising stock, having taken up a home- stead in the neighborhood. His farm comprises 160 acres of good land 'and he has a herd of high-grade cattle. His stock business is pros- perous and increasing in proportions, and his land is appreciating in value every year by the improvements he is making and the advanced state of cultivation to which he is bringing it. He is still principal of the school at Otto and in this capacity is giving the community valuable and appreciated service, raising the standard of its education as time passes and facilities in- crease, and putting in motion in the community widening streams of benefaction to all classes of its people. In the local public affairs of the county he has, from the beginning of his residence here, taken a deep and active interest, and has shown very commendable wisdom in counsel and en- ergy in connection with all movements for the improvement or advancement of his neighbor- hood. He was one of the organizing commis- sioners of Bighorn county in 1896, and in 1897 was appointed the postmaster at Otto, serving in this position until 1902. In June of that year he was appointed the supervisor of the Yellow- stone Timber Reservation, but resigned the office in the following October. Since the organiza- tion of the county he has been chairman of the county central committee of the Republican party in Bighorn county, having been of great service to the party in organizing its forces and conduct- ing its campaigns. In fraternal relations he be- longs to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, being prominent in the order and closely and in- telligently attentive to its interests. He was also the first noble grand in Bighorn county and through his capable administration the organi- zation was quickened into a more vigorous life and activity and its prosperity largely increased. He is also a member of the Modern Woodmen of America. At Lander he was united in mar- riage in 1892 with Miss Louella Knott, a native of the town in which the marriage occurred. They have three children living, Edna, Francis and Hazel, all residing at home. In February, 1903, Mr. Blakesley was tendered the position of superintendent of the State Water Division, No. 3, by the late Governor DeForest Richards, which office he finally accepted. This is a posi- tion of great importance, having to do with all irrigation matters in his division, and as such superintendent, he has full control of all water used either for irrigation or other purposes. SYDNEY FIELD BARRY. An old English family of good repute and standing is that of Barry, being long established at the Priory. Orpington, in Kent, and for gener- ations connected with maritime interests in the south of England. The parental grandfather of Sydney F. Barry was long a ship-owner of con- siderable extent, whose eldest son. Sir Francis Barry, Baronet, has for a series of years repre- sented Windsor and Eton in the British Parlia- ment. Sydney F. Barry was born at Bromley in Kent, England, on June 23, 1864. and is the second son of the late Charles Barry, whose eld- est son is now a resident of New Zealand, where he is the manager of the Waihi Gold-mining Co., PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 609 whose immense plant and operations, already the most extensive and lucrative of any gold- mining proposition in the world south of the equator, bid fair to outstrip all others, even in the North. Sydney F. Barry was educated at Tunbridge Wells and at Hatcham College, there- after passing a few years in a London mercantile house engaged in the over-sea trade with Russia and South America. The narrow limitations and close confinement contingent on this voca- tion not appealing to Mr. Barry's tastes, he came to America in 1886, entering into a partner- ship with the Phillips Bros., under the firm name of Phillips Bros. & Barry, in the stockraising business on the Laramie plains, where, as the re- sult of hard winters and the bad condition of the stock business prevailing during the late eighties he went "broke," as did so many other Western men about that time. Never despondent, Mr. Barry slowly struggled back to a solid financial footing and, in 1900, purchased a ranch on La Prele Creek in Converse county, Wyo., where, with a herd of about 200 head, he is now engaged in raising Hereford cattle. Mr. Barry is a well-educated gentleman of cultured tastes and practical, progressive methods and is justly con- sidered as one of the useful citizens of the coun- ty. He married on June 23, 1894, with Miss Effie Williamson, a native of Saint Andrews, Scot- land, but who was educated in London and is the daughter of the late James Williamson, bar- rister at law, and they have two daughters, Mar- garet and Constance. JAMES BLIGHT. Another of the upbuilders of Uinta county, Wyoming, of English birth is James Blight, an enterprising farmer residing three-quarters of a mile west of Almy, who was born in Devon- shire, England, on November 12, 1845, a son of Philip and Jane (Britton) Blight, also natives of the same shire and the parents of six children. Philip Blight, a son of John and Ann (Farley) Blight, was a farmer by calling. He was born in Devonshire in 1819 and came to the United States in 1872, with his second wife, whose maiden name was Ann Harding. For one year they lived in Salt Lake City, Utah, thence they came to Almy. but now reside in North Evans- ton, being members of the Church of Latter Day Saints. James Blight while a resident of Almy followed his trade and earned sufficient money to purchase the ranch he now owns, which he purchased about 1900, and' where he is now de- lightfully situated, employing his time in the profitable pursuits of farming and cattleraising. His ranch comprises 160 acres, and no tract of land, of equal proportions, in the neighborhood is kept in better condition or presents a more pleasant prospect to the eye of the passerby. In belief Mr. Blight is a Freethinker, with which school he is popular in the extreme. He has also served his fellow citizens on the school board of District No. 2, Almy, with very marked ability. James Blight was married in England on Decem- ber 13, 1867, to Miss Eliza Overbury, daughter of John and Sarah (Farley) Overbury, natives of Gloucestershire, the former of whom was a son of John and Ann (Done) Overbury, natives of the same country. The marriage of James and Eliza (Overbury) Blight was crowned with nine children, Sarah, who died in Salt Lake City, Utah, on August 26, 1871, at the age of one and one-half years; James, born on March 17, 1874, died in Randolph, Utah, on March 22, 1874; William, Jr., born on August 5, 1876, died in Almy, Wyo., on February 19, 1895 ; Oliver, born on February 12, 1879, died in Almy on April 14, 1879; Rose Ann, born on November 27, 1880, is the wife of Peter N. Hood, of Scofield, Utah; May, born February 19, 1883, married Enoch Turner, of Evanston, a farmer ; Eliza, born February 4, 1885 ; Bessie, born December 5, 1887; Philip, born on May 25, 1890, died in Almy on November 24, 1890. The family are all members of the Church of the Latter Day Saints, in which Mr. Blight is first counsellor of his ward and also a teacher, being an industrious and prosperous farmer, and is indeed the winner, through his perseverance and good management, of all his present good fortune. He has gained the unqualified esteem of all his neighbors, and his walk through life, which has always been up- 6io PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. right, fully entitles him to the high place he holds. He is made of the best stuff from which is built the substantial frame of a young and growing state, and his presence in Wyoming has been one of usefulness to its citizens, as well as of profit to himself. HON. HANS HANSEN. The Dane of whom this brief sketch is made is by no means of the melancholy stamp, but is a wide-awake, active and leading business man now of Rawlins, Carbon county, Wyoming. He was born in Denmark in 1855, and his parents were Hans Clausen and Mary (Skaubo) Han- sen, also natives of Denmark. The father was a son of Claus Frandsen and was a general la- borer until the last few years of his life, when he engaged in hotel-keeping, continuing this vocation until his death in 1900, long outliving his wife, who died in i860, when she was only thirty years of age. Hans Hansen was edu- cated in Denmark and there learned the trade of watchmaker, which for a number of years he conducted in his native land and for seven years in Germany, it being the European custom for young workmen to make a tour through differ- ent parts of the continent in order to perfect themselves in their trades by coming into con- tact with others of the same craft and profiting by their experience and methods. In 1883 Mr. Hansen reached Rawlins, Wyo., and engaged in watchmaking and a general jewelry business, which he continued until 1896, when he entered into the grocery trade, to which in 1898 he added drygoods. In 1891 The Hansen Mercantile , Co. was organized and possession taken of the Hansen block, a handsome brick structure, the first to be erected in Rawlins, and here he has since transacted a thriving business, being especially fitted by nature for the vocation of merchandising. He is an excellent salesman, being suave, affable and desirous of pleasing, and is strictly honorable in all his transactions, never misrepresenting his wares nor overcharg- ing his patrons. Mr. Hansen has been twice married. First in 1878 to Miss Anna Ernestine Locht, who was born in 1858 and died in Oc- tober, 1882. This marriage was crowned with three children, Walter, who died on May 25, 1879; Walter C, born October 25, 1880, died October 15, 1893; Hedwig, born July 15, 1882, died December 2 1 /, 1882. His second marriage was with Miss Else Marie Jensen in 1883, also a native of Denmark, and this union has been blessed with three children, Alfred, Julius, Anna. In politics Mr. Hansen is a stanch Re- publican and has ever been an ardent worker for his party's principles and triumphs. He has held several local offices of trust and honor, having served as city treasurer of Rawlins for one year, treasurer of the school board for seven years, chairman of the county committee for two years, and in 1890 was elected a mem- ber of the state legislature, while in the fall of 1902 he was elected to serve a term of four years in the State Senate. Socially Mr. Hansen and family move in the best circles of Rawlins, and as a business man and citizen his name stands without a blemish. CHARLES E. BLYDENBURGH. Charles Edward Blydenburgh, the leading at- torney at law at Rawlins, was born on March 19, 1854, in Brooklyn, N. Y., the son of Ben- jamin Brewster Blydenburgh, merchant, and his wife, Mary (Brower) Blydenburgh, a daughter of John H. Brower, Esq. The founder of the Blydenburgh family in the United States was named Augustine Blydenburgh, who, with his wife Silvestia, settled in what is "now New York City in 1676 and there died in 1686, being the father of five children,. Joseph, William, Benja- min, Samuel and Mary, wife of Harmon King. Of these children, Joseph in 1693 bought of Thomas Lloyd, of Philadelphia, the property in New York on which now stands Trinity church. In 1697 he equipped ten or twelve mariners for an expedition under Captain Kidd of the ship Adventurer, with a general roving commission as privateers. From Joseph and his first wife descended a daughter, Silvestia, and a son Rich- ard, who, born in 1694, died in 1772, married PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 611 Mary lirewster, born in 1708 and died, in 1767. They had six children, William, Benjamin, Mary (or Mollie), Alma (or Amy), Samuel and John. Benjamin Blydenburgh, son of Richard, was born in 1730 and died in 1775. For his first wife he married Ruth Norton, and to this union two children were born, Mollie (or Mary) and Almy (or Amy), by his second wife, Ruth Smith, five children were born, Ruth, Betsy, Richard, Benja- min and Isaac. Isaac (or Isaiah) Blydenburgh, son of Benjamin, was born in 1775 and died in 1858. He first married Susannah Smith, daugh- ter of Ebenezer Smith, who bore him Ebenezer S., Richard, Elizabeth, Isaac and Ruth. Richard Blydenburgh, son of Isaiah (or Isaac), born in 1798 and died in 1873, first married Ruth Smith, daughter of Judge Joshua Smith, to which union were born Benjamin Brewster, Robert S., Charles Edward and Alma Amelia. His second marriage was with Charlotte Mills, who was born in 1802 and died in 1856, and of this marriage was born one child, Hannah Mills. By the third marriage of Richard to Hannah Green there was no issue. Benjamin Brewster Blydenburgh, son of the above mentioned Richard, was born in 1821 and died in 1892. He married Mary D. Brower, a daughter of John H. Brower, who was born in 1824 and died in 1867, the mother of the following children, John Brower, Amelia, Ann Brower, Charles Edward, Harry Duryee, Benjamin Brewster and Morgan Brower. Charles E. Blydenburgh, son of Benjamin B. and Mary D. (Brower) Blydenburgh, was born in Brooklyn, N. Y., on March 19, 1854, and was educated at private and boarding schools, the academic department of Princeton College, class of 1874, Columbia University School of Mines, where, in 1878, he received the degree of C. M., having attained at Princeton in 1877 that of A. M. He early manifested great interest and skill in the use of arms, was a member of the celebrated International Rifle Team of 1876 and 1877, making the best score in the great inter- national match at Creedmoor in 1877. His has been an eminently active life, the confines of this review only affording space for the barest outline of his many activities and official stations. 38 He came to Wyoming in the summer of 1878 to take charge, with J. G. Murphy, of the Ter- ritorial Assay Office at Rawlins and also to practice mining engineering. Thereafter he was engaged in cattlerajsing, the publishing business and in prospecting for minerals until May, 1889, when, being admitted to the practice of law in the courts of Wyoming he opened a law-office at Rawlins, in the business thereto accruing de- voting his attention to the present writing. In 1 88 1 and 1882 he was the very efficient county superintendent of schools of Carbon county, in 1888 was sent to the Legislature as a Democrat tc represent the people, in 1897 he was the coun- ty and prosecuting attorney of Carbon county, was a member of and the presiding officer of the city council of Rawlins in 1892, 1893 and 1894, has been the city attorney of Rawlins for sev- eral terms and is at the present writing in the incumbency of the office. He ran as the Demo- cratic candidate for justice of the Supreme Court of Wyoming in 1898, was the chairman of the Democratic State Central Committee in 1896 and 1897, was a member of the State Board of Law Examiners in 1899 and 1900, holding now that position. In 1900 he was a delegate from Wyo- ming to the National Democratic Convention held at Kansas City, and was the Wyoming mem- ber of the committee on resolutions. He is also financially interested in and the secretary and treasurer of the Jack Creek Land and Cattle Co., extensively operating in a ranching and a cattle and sheep industry. A Knight of Pythias since 1880, Mr. Blydenburgh has been a past chan- cellor in the order since that year and has held all of the offices of the subordinate lodge. He was a charter member of Rawlins Lodge, No. 609, Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, at its organization in August, 1900, being at this writ- ing its exalted ruler. His religious associations have been with the Presbyterian church, with which he formerly affiliated. At Rawlins, Wyo., on June 21, 1894, Mr. Blydenburgh wedded Miss Isabel Cannon, a daughter of Thomas Can- non, and a lady of brilliancy and education, whose accomplishments have made the marriage union a highly felicitous one, dispensing as she 6l2 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. does in the attractive home a hospitality as gen- erous as it is cultured and refined. The chil- dren gracing the household are named Elener Mary, who was born on May 27, 1895 ; Annabel Brower, born on September 23, 1896; an un- named daughter, born on December 13, 1897, died at four weeks of age; Charles Edward, Jr., born August 30, 1899. The facts recorded in this brief review clearly show that Mr. Blyden- burgh possesses a well-defined and symmetrical character, the persistent force of. his strong indi- viduality causing him to accomplish every task his varied and complex official duties present to him, his scholastic acquirements and mental abil- ities placing him in the front rank of civil, so- cial, business and domestic existence, while his upright manner of life entitles him to commen- dation. His life in all departments has been dig- nified by a strict conformity to the highest stand- ard of ethics and his broad and genial nature has won for him a host of friends. MARION F. BROWN. Marion F. Brown, of Thermopoiis, Wyo- ming, prominent in the stock business, and as a pioneer of 1886, who has contributed his full share to the development and improvement of the country, is a native of Illinois, where he was born on March 17, 1869, .a son of John E. and Mary Brown, the former a native in Illinois and the latter in Ohio. While he was yet quite young his parents removed from his native state to Kansas, and there he grew to the age of fifteen years and received his limited common-school education. At that age he started out in life for himself, coming first to Colorado, and in 1886 to Wyoming, driving cattle to the Bighorn basin. In that region he rode the range for others for a period of five years and then started a stock industry for himself which he conducted successfully until 1897. At that .time he sold his land in the basin and located on the Bighorn River, only three miles below Thermopoiis, on a ranch, which has been his home continuously since that time. This is a fine estate, which he has improved with good buildings, sheds, cor- rals, etc., and on which he handles about 600 cattle. He also conducts a butchering business at Thermopoiis and owns considerable revenue- producing property in the town. He is a mem- ber of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and is the noble grand of his lodge at Thermop- oiis. He also belongs to the Modern Woodmen of America and takes a leading interest in the affairs of the order. He was married at Ther- mopoiis in 1895 to Miss Mollie Smith, a native of Missouri, who died on December 25, 1901. Mr. Brown is well-to-do in worldly wealth, and he has an estate of far more value in his posses- sion of the general confidence and esteem of his fellow men, among whom he has lived and la- bored so long and so well. WILLIAM H. BRUNDAGE. William H. Brundage, a leading citizen and successful ranchman and stockgrower of near Irma in Bighorn county, Wyoming, came to this state in 1881, and since that time has been closely and forcefully identified with its growth and development, especially in his own county. He built there the first wire fences and con- structed the first ditch on Irma Flat, and in all the lines of good progressive citizenship he has been in the first rank from the beginning of his residence in this section. He was born in Ohio on November 22, 1857, being the son of George and M. E. (Hall) Brundage, the former a native of Ohio and the latter of New Jersey. In 1868 the family left the very fertile and well-developed land of their long-time residence and removed to Missouri, locating in Bates county. There they were engaged in farming with varying suc- cess until 1879 when they made another move, going to Colorado and two years later they came to Wyoming, and, taking up land in Sheridan county, began stockraising. William Brundage "homesteaded" near his father's land, and on this property as headquarters he conducted a farming and stock industry until 1890. In that vcar he removed to Poverty Flat and located on the land he now occupies and which is the ■home of his successful and growing stock busi- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 613 ness and of his farming operations. He is also interested in mining properties of value, and gives attention to many other kinds of business enterprise. In matters affecting the welfare and progress of the community he has always been zealous and active. For a number of years he has served as justice of the peace and been an important factor in the conservation of order and the supremacy of law among this people. He is held in high esteem for the breadth of view with which he deals with questions that come before him in his official capacity. He was married at Bighorn, Sheridan county, in this state, in 1883, to Miss Edith J. Martin, a daughter of Benjamin F. Martin. She was born and reared in Iowa and came with her parents from that state to Wyoming in 1882. Mr. and Mrs. Brundage have eight children, Mollie, Ben- jamin, William H., Jr., George, Frank, Dorothy, Winifred, Durnard A. Brundage. ARTHUR F. BURTON. All circles of intellectual and moral activity in and around Afton, Uinta county, commercial, social, educational and religious, are indebted to Arthur F. Burton, of the firm of Burton & Sons, leading merchants, for inspiration and high ex- ample. In every good line of productive energy for the benefit of the community he has ever been prominent and potential, while in consequence thereof he well deserves the exalted place he holds in the estimation of the public. He is a native of Ogden, Utah, where he was born on June 30, 1873, and where his parents, William W. and Sarah A. (Fielding) Burton, are now living. It might appropriately be said that he was bred to • the mercantile life, for he has been familiar with it from his childhood, his father having been from his own early youth engaged therein. The elder Burton is the head of the establishment with which Arthur is connected, and is also the president of the Ogden Implement Co., besides having interests of value in other commercial en- terprises. He was one of the originators of the Consolidated Implement Co., an outgrowth of the brisk firm of Burton, Herrick & White, successors of W. W. Burton & Co. His par- ents were James and Isabella (Wharton) Bur- ton, natives of Bradford, England, who came to Utah in 1856. His wife is a native of Utah, her parents, Joseph and Hannah (Greenwood) Field- ing, being among the very first to cross the plains to the new home of the Latter Day Saints when the inhospitality of other sections made it ne- cessary for them to seek one. They also were natives of England, who emigrated to America early in their married life. Mr. Burton's father, William W. Burton, has been prominent and act- ive in public local affairs in his city and county, and is recognized as one of the leading citizens. Arthur F. Burton was one of thirty children, fifteen sons and fifteen daughters, born to his father who was married three times. Twenty- three of the number are living and variously en- gaged in pursuits of usefulness and value. Ar- thur was educated in the Ogden Central School and at the Weber Stake Academy, from which he was graduated in 1892. After leaving school, he went into the employ of his father in the store and there acquired the methodical and extensive knowledge of mercantile business for which he is widely known. From the position of clerk and salesman he rose to that of partner in the establishment where he was engaged, and attained this position solely through merit, for his father was a strict disciplinarian and demanded even of his sons value for his approval. The stock han- dled by the firm at Afton is as extensive and varied as the conditions of life there require and, not only meets the demands of the trade, but leads the- taste of the community along the lines of commendable progress. They embrace in their operations general merchandise of all kinds, while the volume of their business is large and the character of their patronage high, yet they satisfy fully the demands made upon them, no effort being omitted to keep the establishment clown-to-date and completely equipped. Mr. Bur- ton, in addition to his interests in this firm, has other mercantile matters of moment under his control, among them being the Afton creamery of which he is the manager. He is an active and zealous member of the Church of Latter Dav 614 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING Saints, from his early manhood having been closely identified with its government. He is one of the presidents of the Seventy of the quorum of the Star Valley Stake, the first assistant su- perintendent of the Sabbath-school, and the first assistant superintendent of the stake superinten- dency of the Mutual Improvement Association. In every phase and branch of church work he takes a leading part, using wisdom with his zeal and much skill with his diligence. On October 10, 1894 at Salt Lake City, he married with Miss Kittie C. Dixon, a native of Utah and daughter of Harvey and Kittie E. (Pritchett) Dixon, the father being a native of Utah and the mother of Virginia. Their family consists of four children, Mabel, Arthur D., Calpurnia and Helen. E. V. COGKINS. Prominent in business, active in religious and educational work, highly esteemed in social cir- cles and connected with projects for the devel- opment and improvement of his community, E. V. Cockins, of Burlington in Bighorn county, Wyoming, is one of the valued and serviceable factors in the multiform life and activity of his portion of the state. He is a pioneer of 1891 in Wyoming, and since he took up his residence in the state he has entered into her spirit of prog- ress with energy and enthusiasm, espousing her cause in every respect with patriotic devotion and giving his best efforts to her advancement. He was born in Ohio on July 24, 1874, the son of Thomas C. and Clara (Monroe) Cockins, who were also natives of Ohio. His father died when he was twelve years old and he was left to shift for himself, and worked for his uncle on a farm and attended school in winter until 1891, when he left his native state and began to tempt fortune in various ways for himself, coming to Wyo- ming and remaining for a year, when he returned to his Ohio home, but after a residence there of two years came back, resolved to make Wyo- ming his permanent home and the seat of his career. He had tasted the independence, the self-reliance, the freedom and the breadth of view which the frontier life engenders, and, like many another, found the older civilizations flat and unsatisfying, their pleasures insipid, their pursuits wearisome, their conventionalities, du- ties and mutual dependence tedious, their oppor- tunities limited in number and narrow in scope. He located in the Bighorn basin and for nearly ten years devoted his best energies to educa- tional labors in that section of the state. In 1902 he laid aside the hornbook and the ferule and embarked in mercantile life by opening a gen- eral store at Burlington, which he is still con- ducting, and which enjoys a large and growing trade among all classes of the people resident within an extensive range of country. His stock is carefully selected with a clear and discrimin- ating knowledge of the wants of the community, and is kept down-to-date in every particular, while his methods of doing business, and his very courteous and considerate manner toward all customers, are such as to satisfy the most ex- acting requirements. In matters affecting the welfare and progress of the town and county he is active and serviceable, and, although yet a young man is regarded as one of the leading and representative citizens of Wyoming. JAMES A. CARR. In the review of this venerated pioneer of the West we have to touch upon various import- ant phases of character. Mr. Carr is not only one of the honored representatives of the stock- raising and mining industries of Western Wyo- ming, but his life has been one of more than or- dinary value to the country through his loyal services as a soldier in the great Civil War, in which his whole family showed patriotism of a high degree. After an active and adventurous life of beneficial industry and productive useful- ness, he is now passing the evening twilight of his earthly career on his productive estate, which is located two and one-half miles south of Lan- der, on the Big Popo Agie River, secure in the esteem and good wishes of the entire community. James A. Carr was born in Belmont county, Ohio, on December 3, 1833, in the heavily tim- bered wilderness of that new state, his parents PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING 615 being Archibald and Elizabeth (McElroy) Carr, the father, an energetic farmer, adding to his possessions by lucrative contracts in the construc- tion of the turnpikes and canals with which Ohio was honeycombed at an early date. As his fa- ther was left an orphan in childhood and left his immediate relatives, all knowledge of the family lineage is lost. From Ohio the family re- moved to Van Buren county, Iowa, in 1849, there to undergo another pioneer experience. Here the industrious parents developed a fine home and passed their later lives, the father dy- ing in 1863, at the age of sixty-five years, and the mother surviving him until 1897, when she also died, having attained the patriarchal age of ninety years, and both are resting in the cem- etery at Farmington, Iowa. Of their fourteen children, James was the second, and only three are now living. Three of the sons were soldiers in the Union army of the Civil War, James be- ing a member of Co. D, Third Colorado Cavalry, William, now living at Loveland, Wyo., served in the Second Colorado Cavalry and was wounded in service, and John, who died from wounds and sickness shortly after returning to his Iowa home from his military service with Co. B, Third Iowa Infantry. Mr. Carr crossed the plains in the wild unsettled days of 1853, coming up the Sweetwater valley of Wyoming on his way to California, where he engaged in mining with more than average success and re- mained until 1857, then and thence removing to Colorado during the Pike's Peak gold excitement, passing through Denver, then a small, straggling place not as large as the present Lander. En- gaging there in mining, farming and in trade, when war came his patriotism led him to join the military arm of the government, as hereto- fore mentioned. The Indians were extremely hostile at this period and occasioned very much trouble and annoyance to the settlers, keeping the soldiers in great activity. After the war, Mr. Carr engaged in contracts for constructing the roadbed of the Union Pacific Railroad, build- ing that portion extending from Cheyenne to Longmont, Colo., later being occupied in the same capacity on the Colorado Central Railroad. In 1885 he moved to Wyoming with his family and devoted his energies entirely to stockraising, farming and mining, locating his home on his present ranch, where he is possessed of 160 acres of excellent meadow land, now under fine im- provement, and where he is running handsome bands of cattle and horses, in the former line raising very fine graded Durhams of an excel- lent strain. He holds interest in the Susie and Hidden Hand mines at Lewiston, and is one of the reliable citizens of the county, maintaining great interest in all matters intended to advance the prosperity of the community, and being greatly interested in public matters as a valued member of the Democratic party, although never seeking political honors or office for himself. On December 13, 1857, in Iowa occurred the wedding of Mr. Carr and Miss Emily J. Rhodes, a native of that state, and a daughter of Joseph and Elizabeth (Burdick) Rhodes, both natives of Kentucky. Seven of their eight children are now living, Frank B., who resides in this county; Platte H., a resident of Montana; John M., now a large stockgrower. He has rode the range upward of twenty-three years and is one of the best-known cowboys in the West.; Elizabeth K., wife of Charles Bates of South Pass ; William J., living at South Pass ; Lydia S., wife of John Sherlock, of South Pass; Lou E., at home with parents near Lander ; Lillian, who died in in- fancy in Colorado and was buried at Boulder. WILLARD S. CARPENTER. Perhaps the finest ranch in the state of Wyo- ming is that of Willard S. Carpenter, which is situated on the Horse Creek, about twenty-eight miles north of the city of Cheyenne. Mr. Car- penter has a beautiful home, a large frame resi- dence with all modern conveniences, surrounded by attractive grounds shaded by large trees, and with, a small lake in the foreground. On every side are evidences of thrift and prosperity, as well as of refined taste and culture. Mr. Car- penter is a native of the good old state of Dela- ware, having been born near • Milton, Sussex county, on December 16, 1856, being the son of 6i6 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING Benjamin Carpenter and Mary (Painter) Car- penter, both natives of Delaware. Benjamin Carpenter was long a prosperous farmer of Sus- sex county, Delaware, where he followed the occupation of farming up to the time of his death in 1898. The mother also passed away in Sussex county in the same year. Willard S. Carpenter remained at the family home in Sus- sex county attending school and working on his father's -farm, until he attained to the age 'of twenty-one years, then, in 1877, filled with a spirit of adventure and desiring to see the world, he shipped on board a merchant vessel as a sailor. He remained in this occupation for three years, visiting nearly all of the Atlantic seaports and acquiring a large experience of the world. In 1882 he came to the territory of Wyoming, and secured employment at once at the ranch where he now resides, which was then owned by the Carey Co. He remained with this company for three years, riding the range and acquiring a thorough knowledge of the stock business. In 1885 he resigned this position and accepted one in the employ of A. D. Adamson, at that time one of the leading stockmen of Wyoming. He remained with him for seven years, latterly hav- ing practical charge of the business. In 1892 Mr. Carpenter purchased a ranch situated on Horse Creek, seven miles from his present resi- dence, and engaged in cattleraising on his own account. He was very- successful and extended his business until 1900, when he sold his ranch and cattle to Mr. D. B. Whitteger. In October, 1901, Mr. Carpenter, in partnership with his brother-in-law, Duncan Clark, purchased his present ranch property from Mr. A. D. Adam- son, and they have since increased their business very largely. They now own 3,000 acres of fine land, with fine adjacent range, lying along Horse Creek, and are counted among the leading stock- men of the state. Mr. Carpenter gives his atten- tion exclusively to the raising of thoroughbred Hereford cattle, and has been very successful, now having a large herd, and owning some of the very finest animals in the United States. On October 28, 1892, Mr. Carpenter was united in marriage at the home of his wife's parents on Horse Creek, Wyo., to Miss Cafherine Clark, a native of Canada and the daughter of Donald and Jane Clark. The parents of Mrs. Carpenter are of Scotch descent and prominent pioneers and prosperous residents of Wyoming. Two children have been born to them, Mary J., aged seven years, and Earl W., aged five years. Mr. Car- penter is one of the most substantial, prosperous and progressive citizens of the state of Wyo- ming. Coming hither as a young man, with- out means or influence, he has brought himself by his own unaided efforts to a position of influ- ence in the state of his residence, and has al- ready amassed a handsome fortune. He is an example of what industry, unremitting attention to business, and integrity and strength of charac- ter will do in raising a man from obscurity to prominence and power in the business world and in giving him an assured position. ANSON V. CALL. The mayor of the thriving little city of Al- ton, Wyoming, distinguished in his ancestry and his record, capable in business, zealous in church affairs, influential and forceful in public local matters, and an esteemed member of his social circle, Anson V. Call, of Afton, Uinta county, is easily one of the leading citizens of his section of the state and worthy of the high standing he has attained among its people. He is a son of Anson V. and Charlotte (Holbrook) Call, and was born at Bountiful, Utah, May 23, 1855. The family history of his parents is told at length in the sketch of his brother, Joseph H. Call, on an- other page of this volume. Anson Y. Call was the second child and the first-born son of the family, which consisted of ten children. He was reared by his grandmother, and, after prepara- tory attendance at the public schools of his vicin- ity, was educated in the Deseret University, now the University of Utah, and had the honor of being the first student graduated from that insti- tution. After leaving college he taught at Boun- tiful for about seven years, then accepted a po- sition as manager of the cooperative store at the same place and filled it for three years. He was PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 617 then sent to Europe on a two-years' mission for the church, and, on his return in October, 1887, located at Afton, Wyo., and engaged in carpen- tering and building, he and his brother, Joseph, furnishing the material and putting up all of the best houses in the valley, among them being his own residence, which is considered the best one in this section of country. He now conducts there a house of entertainment for which the home is well adapted. It contains twelve rooms besides closets, bathrooms and halls, and is also equipped with every modern convenience. The hostelry is known as The Call, and is a popular house of entertainment. He also has a large business as a carpenter and builder, and deals ex- tensively in hardware and building materials. Mr. Call has always been deeply interested in the cause of education and while in Utah served for some years as county superintendent of pub- lic instruction in Davis county. In the church organization he is one of the counsellors of the stake presidency at Afton. He was married at Salt Lake City on May 17, 1876, to Miss Alice Jeannette Farnham of Utah, a daughter of Au- gustus A. and Caroline (Pill) Farnham, natives of New York, and ten children have blessed their union : Anson V., married and living at Afton, at present writing (1902) on a mission to Phil- adelphia, Pa., for the church ; Adolphus A., mar- ried and living at Afton; Alice M., married to Thomas F. Burton of Afton ; Claude, who died in infancy ; Ella, married to Carl Cook of Afton ; and Caroline Charlotte, Farnham L., Chester A., an infant died unnamed, and Lorna Louise, liv- ing at home. HARRY E. CHEESEMAN. Harry E. Cheeseman of Bighorn county, liv- ing near Sunshine, has been a resident of Wyo- ming since 1882, and, while occupying the same ranch all of the time, has lived during that per- iod in three counties, and owed obedience to one territorial and to one state government, so rapid- ly do boundaries and conditions change in this western world, where the march of events tran- scends in activity anything in human history. When he "stuck his stake" in the soil of this state as the first settler on Wood River, his near- est postoffice was Fort Washakie, 150 miles dis- tant; and when in the early days he was elected county commissioner, he was obliged to go to Lander, an equal or even greater distance, to attend the meetings of the board. He is a native of the state of New York, where he was born on Christmas day, 1857, his parents, George and Harriet (Brewer) Cheeseman, being English by nativity. They came to the United States soon after their marriage, settling on a farm in New York. Here their son, Harry, was reared and educated, and had the customary experience of country boys of that portion of the country in those days. He attended school in winter and assisted on the farm between the terms, mean- while looking forward to an opening for himself of greater promise than his home surroundings promised, and for this he did not linger long after reaching man's estate. In 1879, when he was twenty-two, he left home and made his way to Leadville, Colo., where he engaged in mining for two or three years with moderate suc- cess. In 1882 he and nine companions got to- gether a pack outfit and prospected through Col- orado and Montana for a location where they could settle and build up homes and prosperous industries in the stock business. Fate led them to Wood River in this state and their sagacious judgments at once determined them to remain. The region was indeed the primeval solitude of the far West, so much spoken of in song and story. No sound of civilized man's presence, save those they made themselves, broke in on Nature's wild life, but they immediately began to make a mark in this wilderness that would indicate the hour of man's dominion had come. For want of better means they dragged at the saddle-horn the logs wherewith to build their rude shacks, and, overcame by assiduous industry whatever pangs of regret or loneliness their vol- untary expatriation caused, and, thus applying the universal panacea for care, found comfort and even happiness in their work And our Mother Earth, ever kind, ever responsive to the proper appeals of the husbandman, returned with 6i8 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. interest all they committed to her care. Forth from the virgin soil rose smiling gardens to re- ward their faith, and in a little while their cattle and horses made other duties for them and gave companionship on all the neighboring hills. A new settlement was born into the world and other home-seekers were not long in coming to a share in its benefits and its struggles. In honor of its founder it was baptized Cheeseman and began its existence as a center of new homes and new- productive industries with confidence and hope. The land where they settled was unsurveyed and, when the survey was made a few years later, a portion of it was found to be a school section. They, however, retained it, proceeded with their improvements and development, and todav Mr. Cheeseman has one of the most beau- tiful and most highly improved ranches in his section of the state. It comprises 920 acres of well selected land, much of which has been skill- fully tilled, and contains a fine residence and other necessary, buildings in keeping. Here he handles a large herd of superior cattle and many excellent horses of high grade. Mr. Cheese- man has prospered in his venture and he is now one of the substantial men of the county. He has done much, too, to build up his section and give it every advantage of modern progress. He is a director and the vice-president of the First National Bank of Meeteetse and owns con- siderable property in the town. He has been con- nected in a leading and potential way with ev- ery public enterprise for the benefit of the com- munity, and has never hesitated to take his place > in the ranks of the promoters, or in any official station wherein he could be of service. He was elected county commissioner of Fremont county in 1892 and won great credit for the diligent and faithful manner in which he administered his office. The county was of enormous size and the claims upon the time and energies of its com- missioners-were of corresponding magnitude, but he met them all without thought of his personal sacrifices, being deeply interested in the devel- opment of the county and in the welfare of its people, and he also served some years as the post- master of Cheeseman. For many years he has been an active working Freemason, is an Odd Fellow,, an Elk, a Woodman of the World and a Modern Woodman of America. He was mar- ried on November 30, 1891, at Salem, Indiana, to Miss Belle F. Lusk. a native of that state. They have three children, Harrv A., Elmer W. and Anna J. In addition to his ranch and other interests already mentioned, Mr. Cheeseman is connected with mining properties of value at Kir- win, and was one of the organizers of the Big- horn Stock Association of which he is now sec- retary and treasurer. MIKE COONEY. This veteran Indian fighter and miner, now a resident of Green River, Sweetwater county, Wyoming, was born in the state of Louisiana in 1820, a son of Mike and Margaret (McCannon) Cooney, the former of whom was born in Ire- land, and was quite young when he came to the United States and located in Alabama, in which state he for a time followed the saloon business. From Alabama he removed to Louisiana, where he passed the remainder of his life, dying at Baton Rouge, La. Mrs. Margaret (McCannon) Cooney was also born in Ireland, but her mar- riage took place in Mobile. Ala., and her death also occurred at Baton Rouge. La. Mike Coon- ey. the one whose name opens this biographical record, began his active business life in St. Louis, Mo., whence he went to the state of New York, where he followed farming for three or four years, he next went to New Orleans. La., and thence on to California, where for some time he was engaged in mining, but while there he en- listed under General Lane as a volunteer against the savage and hostile Indians on Rogue River. and for one year and ten months he fought the red skins with coolness, determination and un- flinching courage. For thirty-three years Mr. Cooney followed the laborious and precarious work of mining, principally in California, but he also spent two years in Australia with fair suc- cess. He came back to America and mined in the Comstock lode in Nevada for eight or ten years with very gratifying results. He next PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 619 went to the Black Hills, where he remained two years, and then came to Wyoming and here for six years followed the trade of mason at Rock Springs, and then came to Green River, where he still resides. In politics Mr. Cooney is a Re- publican and while a resident of California, in 1858, served as a deputy sheriff. In 1866 he was elected to the Nevada Legislature and served two years, and he was a justice of the peace at Washoe for another period of two years. Mr. Cooney has never married but, outside of matri- mony, he has experienced a varied and venture- some life, as will be seen by the foregoing record. Although now over fourscore years of age, he is still quite hale and hearty, and many years of enjoyable life appear to be held in store for him. He has lived temperately and honestly, for his promise, once made, has never been violated. He enjoys the warm friendship of a host of friends, who admire him for his strict integrity and respect him for "the dangers he has passed through." He is still a useful member of society, being broad-minded, charitable and generous, his extensive experience shutting out such nar- row views as exist in the careless minds of less traveled citizens. His bearing through life is well worthy imitation by the rising generation, and when the end shall come, as it must in the due course of nature, no man in the state will be more sincerely mourned. WILLIAM J. COLLINS. Descended from old Irish ancestry on his father's side and from a Pennsylvania family of consequence resident in that good old common- wealth from Colonial times, William J. Collins of Fen ton, embodies in himself the versatility of the Irish and the thrift and persistency of appli- cation of the industrious Pennsylvanian. His life began on October 13, 1853, and when he was three years old his parents, William and Delia (O'Connell) Collins, the former a native of Ireland and the latter of the Keystone state, moved to Chicago. Amid the stirring activities of that great commercial mart he grew to man- hood and in its schools he received his education. After leaving school he engaged in freighting and contract work of various kinds in and around the city for awhile, then farmed in Illin- ois for a period of five years. In 1896 he came to Wyoming with the Cody colony and located on Stinking Water River, where he remained a year or two and then moved to Grey Bull River near where he now resides. In 1900 he bought his present home of 160 acres, which is beauti- fully located -along the river in the neighborhood of Fenton, is well improved and highly cultivat- ed, and rewards his labors with immense crops of grain and hay and a generous support for his valuable herds of well-bred stock. Mr. Collins has been twice married. .By the first union he has four children, Andrew ; William, who is a law student in Chicago ; Susan and Thomas. His second marriage was to Miss Minnie Hayes and occurred in Chicago in 1896. They have one child, their daughter, Marian. Mrs. Collins is a native of Alabama, and is a refined and culti- vated southern lack', exemplifying in her de- meanor the best features of the section of our country in which she was born and reared. IVOR CHRISTENSEN. The capable postmaster of Hanna, Carbon county, Wyoming, is a progressive and capable young business man. A native of the Father- land, Ivor Christensen was born in 1869, and is the son of Andrew and Mary (Ericksen) Chris- tensen, both natives of Germany. His father was -born in 1840 and has always followed the oc- cupation of farming in his native country, where he is still living. He was a soldier in the Ger- man army during the war with Denmark in 1864, the war with Austria in 1866, and the Franco- Prussian War in 1870 and 1871. He was the son of Hans Christensen, also a native of the Fatherland, as was also the mother, who was born in 1843, and is still residing in Germanv. Their son, Ivor, grew to man's estate in his native country, and received his early education in the public schools in the vicinity of his boyhood's home. When he had completed his education, he resolved to seek his fortune in the New 620 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. World beyond the sea, and bidding farewell to his father and mother he took ship and came to America. Upon his arrival in this country, he proceeded to the then territory of Wyoming, and joined his brother, Hans, who was residing at Carbon in Carbon county. Soon after arriv- ing there, his brother was taken with serious illness and he soon died. Ivor was unable to speak the English language, but he made the best of the situation, and occupied himself in ranching and mining, both in Wyoming and Colorado, for about two years. At the end of that time he returned to Carbon county and se- cured employment as a fireman in one of the mines and soon became familiar with all the ma- chinery connected with mining operations. He also occupied all the time that was at his com- mand in study, and acquired a general knowledge of the English language. In 1901 he met with a serious accident in the mine where he was em- ployed, and was therefrom confined to the hos- pital for seven months. Upon his recovery from his injuries, he came to Hanna and was appoint- ed the postmaster at that place. He was familiar with the duties of this position, from the fact that previous to his injury he had been the postmaster at Carbon for about two years. He had also served as a member of the city council of Car- bon during his residence in that place. In the year 1900 Mr. Christensen was united in mar- riage to Miss Bertha Stephenson, a native of England, who came to America with her parents in 1880, when but two years of age, they made their home in Illinois until 1888. Disposing of their property at that place they moved to the then territory of Wyoming and settled in the town of Carbon, Carbon county, where Mr. Ste- phenson and family are well-known and highly respected citizens. To this union has been born one child to bless their home life, William E. Their home is noted for its generous and genial hospitality. Mr. Christensen is affiliated with the order of Knights of Pythias, and takes an active interest in the fraternal life of the community where he resides. He is also a stanch member of the Republican party, and is one of the most active and prominent among the leaders of that political organization in Carbon county. He has been often solicited to become a candidate for positions of trust and honor in the gift of his party, but thus far has consistently declined to do so, preferring to devote his entire time and attention to the care and management of his private business interests. He is held in high esteem by all who know him, and is looked upon as one of the rising young men of that section of the state. SAMUEL COTNER, Jr. While Samuel Cotner has been a resident of AVyoming for a period of little more than eight years, he brought to the state and his business among her people a ready adaptability to condi- tions, a thorough knowledge of men and a broad and accurate acquaintance with the stock indus- try, acquired in an extensive experience in other states and amid kindred pursuits. He was born on December 20, 1865, in Indiana, but when he was only nine months old, his parents, Samuel and Sarah V. (Briscoe) Cotner, the former a native of Indiana and the latter of Pennsylvania, removed to Nebraska and located in Sarpy coun- ty, where for some years the father was engaged in farming and in 'teaching. Later he conducted a mercantile establishment in that countv for a time, then moved to Omaha, in the adjoining county of Douglas, and has since been residing in that city engaged in the livestock commission business, being now a member of the firm of Paddock, Cotner & Lattin of South Omaha. Samuel Cotner, Jr., was reared and educated in Nebraska, and when he was ready for the business of life he became active in the grain and livestock industries with which he was connected until 1895. He then came to Wyoming, and lo- cating where he now lives, began a stock business which has steadily prospered, grown to large pro- portions and risen to a high standard, both in the quality of its output and the manner in which it is conducted. He has a beautiful ranch of 320 acres, which is well improved and large portions of which are under skillful cultivation, and has also one-half interest in 160 acres of coal land, PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 621 which is producing fine coal for domestic pur- poses. On his ranch he has a considerable num- ber of well-bred cattle and horses, being an enter- prising citizen, whose aid is always given freely and in good measure to projects for the improve- ment of the community or county, his faith in the future of his section of the state is practically manifested by very liberal investments in its industries and in his zealous service in the be- half of its worthy institutions of every bene- ficial kind. The impress of his energy and wis- dom has been plainly made on every line of act- ive usefulness about him, and is seen in the spirit of progress and development which animates the people among whom he lives. In the city of Omaha, in 1888, he was married to Miss L. Theissen, a native of that city and a daughter of Daniel and Christine Theissen, both of German nativity. Their family consists of three children, S. Orville, Daniel T. and Victor, all of whom are living at home. CHARLES DECKER. From the land made glorious by decisive and most timely triumphs in our struggle for inde- pendence, yes, from the land of Monmouth, and Trenton, and Princeton, from New Jersey, re- nowned also in all the annals of industrial pro- duction and elevated scholarship, came Charles Decker, one of the extensive and prosperous stockmen and farmers of Sheridan county, who ■ was born in that state in 1853, the son of Thomas B. and Matilda (Barnacutt) Decker, the former a native of New York and the latter of Philadel- phia. The father was a man of decided promin- ence and stood high as superintendent of the West Shore Railroad and as a social and civil force of influence. The son was reared and educated in his native state and when he left school was employed in the railroad service as a bookkeeper. For three years he clung to the uninteresting monotony of this life and then found relief from it by an engagement as civil engineer and surveyor for the railroad company in Ohio, in which capacity he was engaged for four years. In 1883 he came to Wyoming in the employ of the P. K. Cattle Co., and, during his two years of service with . that corporation, he located land for himself with a view to its permanent occupancy in the near future. He was appointed district clerk in 1885, subsequently served as deputy county clerk and deputv comity treasurer, and at the end of his term indulged his long-cherished desire to engage in farming and stockgrowing. In the meantime he had in- creased his landed estate and has since increased it until he now owns 1,600 acres of fine land and has 500 acres in addition leased. On this he raises cattle and horses in large numbers and of superior grades. While pushing his business with enterprise and vigor, Mr. Decker has also been duly attentive to the welfare of the com- munity in every way and has given freely of his time and energies to the promotion of every good enterprise for its improvement and devel- opment. He has an exalted place in and a firm hold on the esteem of his fellow men where he is known, and is regarded as one of the leading citizens as well as one of the most extensive stockgrowers of his section of the state. He belongs to the organization known as the Knights of Pythias and takes an active part in the pro- ceedings of the fraternity, but in political cir- cles has never desired or consented to accept of- fice except those already mentioned. CHARLES A. DAVIS. Orphaned by the death of his father when he was but fourteen years old, and then with his- widowed mother leaving the scenes and associa- tions of his childhood, seeking a new home far away in the undeveloped West wherein the do- mestic altar's might be again raised, and their hopes might once more expand and flourish, Charles A. Davis has proven by his subsequent career on the new soil that the move was a wise one, and that he had the inherent qualifications for success whatever the conditions might have been. He met his affliction and the consequent change of residence bravely, he endured with fortitude the hardships of his hitherto untried condition and out of the circumstances of his 622 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. new environment has made a substantial success in life, which fixes his place well up on the roll of the progressive men of Wyoming. Mr. Davis was born in Indiana on June 25, 1857, the son of Oliver P. and Mariah G. Davis, natives of Ohio who settled in Indiana early in their mar- ried life. There they prospered as farmers and were highly respected until 1871, when, with untimely hand death ended the father's labors and left his family bereft. The next year the mother gathered her family and effects together and came to Montana, locating in the Gallatin Valley, where they were engaged in stockgrow- ing and farming until 1882. In that year Charles came to Wyoming and located a homestead in Bighorn county, a portion of the tract of 360 acres, lying on Wood River fourteen miles south- west of Meeteetse, on which he now lives. This has been his home continuously since that time, and on it he has expended to good purpose his energy in labor and his skill in husbandry, bring- ing what he has cultivated to a high state of cul- tivation and completely furnishing it for its principal purpose as a base of operations for a flourishing cattle business which he is conducting with vigor and pronounced success. In addition to his herd of fine cattle he also runs a large number of good horses, by judicious culling from year to year keeping the grade up to his desired standard. From the sterner duties and more ex- acting cares of business Mr. Davis finds recrea- tion in the Odd Fellows lodge to which he has belonged for many years, and in other associa- tions of a social character. He takes great in- terest in the proceedings of the lodge, and has a genial social disposition, which welcomes to his hearth, not only his hosts of friends, but any ac- ceptable strangers whom fortune brings his way, and many such have gone on their journey well warmed and cheered from his hospitable fire- side. He was married at Billings, Mont., in May, 1893, to Mrs. Lillian Ellenbolt, a native of Canada. Tn the life of the frontiersman, such as Mr. Davis has lived, there is always necessar- ily a large and constant element of danger, and he has had his share of this. Many times a vio- lent death has come near him at the hands of savage foes, and often, too, the wild beasts of the forest and plain have threatened disaster. But his resolute spirit has sustained him in every trial and his ready resourcefulness has brought him through without serious mishap. He is a typical pioneer who has dared all, endured all and won all his circumstances have offered. ISAIAH J. DICKINSON. Amid the tranquilizing, elevating and peace- ful scenes and pursuits of rural life, in one place or another, almost the whole of Isaiah J. Dickin- son's existence so far has been passed. He was born in Pennsylvania on September 23, 1851, the son of Jonathan and Mary (Hams) Dick- inson, also natives in that state, and on the farm they owned and operated there he lived until he was seventeen years of age, assisting in its labors as soon as he was able and attending the public schools of the vicinity as he had oppor- tunity. When he reached the age of nineteen he started in life for himself, seeking his chance for advancement in the far West, and spending ten years in the wild, exhilarating and profitable occupation of hunting buffalo and trapping other game, in his experience running its whole gamut of trial and triumph, and gathering from its open air life, and calls to sudden and strenuous action, the strength of body, independence of spirit and resourceful readiness which it engen- ders in its true and loyal votaries. In 1884 he came to Crook county, Wyoming, and for seven years was actively engaged in conducting a flourishing business in dairying, raising stock and general farming at Sundance, in Crook county. In 1895 he came to the Bighorn basin and took up a desert claim one and one-half miles west of Burlington, and spent a number of rears in reclaiming this desert from the waste and making it fruitful with the products of sys- tematic husbandry. He then moved to Grey Bull River, along whose banks he has 280 acres of fine bottom land, and on that estate, as well as on his original tract of eighty acres, has since been carrying on the leading industry of the region, raising cattle and horses of high grades PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 623 and good breeds, and improving and farming his land with assiduous and skillful energy. His land has responded generously to his persuasive industry, and its condition in fertility and pro- ductiveness gives proof of his diligence and in- telligence in tilling, while its well-built and con- veniently arranged improvements bear impres- sive testimony to his good judgment and taste. His interest in the general welfare of the com- munity has been felt in many ways of active ef- fort in behalf of the development and progress of its civilizing and cultivating forces, and the firm establishment and healthy growth of its civil and political institutions. He was married in the state of Kansas in 1878 to Miss Cornelia Heller, a native of Iowa, and eight children have blessed their union : Elva, Roy, Eugene, Don, Carrie, Maggie, Isaiah and Maud. WILLIAM F. DRAPER. Cut off in the very acme of his usefulness, when life was at its meridian height, by an un- timely death, which was universally lamented wherever he was known, and, leaving to his peo- ple and the state of Wyoming, as his best legacy, the priceless record of a clean and well-spent life, which is a comfort to those of mature years and an inspiration to the young, and being in a civil way connected with the political activities, educa- tional forces and moral agencies of Crook county, a new creation among the municipal entities of the state, established on a firm and broad foun- dation, their metes and bounds definitely fixed, their trend determined along the lines of true and healthful development and all their future full of promise, William F. Draper, of Sundance, was blessed both in his life and in his death. For, as he was fortunate in being useful and es- teemed in the one, so was he fortunate in escap- ing the other until time had set on his fame the seal that is seldom given except to the departed. He was a native of Indianapolis, Ind., where he was born on December 4, 1838, the son of Ira and Celia (Means) Draper, natives of Kentucky, who settled in Indiana soon after their marriage, and followed farming until 1850, when they re- moved to Iowa, and, after fourteen years of agri- cultural enterprise there with moderate success, they came farther west, locating in Richardson county, Neb., and there passed the remainder of their lives engaged in the cultivation of the soil. The mother died in 1887 and the father in 1893. Their son, William F. Draper, was edu- cated in the schools of Iowa and accompanied his parents to Nebraska in 1864. He took up a homestead in Richardson county in that state and there engaged in farming and raising stock until 1879, then sold out and removed to Central City, S. D., and carried on a freighting enter- prise until July, 1880, when he again sold out and came to Wyoming. Again he homesteaded, locating near where the town of Sundance is now proceeding along her prosperous course toward commercial influence and political importance, there being- at the time no dream of a county- seat on that site. He made this location his per- manent home, remaining on his ranch and carry- ing on a prosperous and expanding stock indus- try until his death on October 1, 1889. He was laid to rest, in the town he had helped to found, with every manifestation of popular respect and esteem, and amid universal expressions of sorrow over the loss the community had sustained by his death. He had not only been .a leading and representative man in -his line of business, but a citizen of potential influence in the councils of the community, and as notary public, register of the land-office when the county was formed, and as one of its first board of county commis- sioners, he gave vital and most valuable service in shaping the new county government and giv- ing proportion and stability to its political insti- tutions. He was an ardent Republican in politics and gave his party his best efforts in all its im- portant campaigns, whether occupying an official station or being simply ■ a worker in the ranks. He had special capabilities for official life, and was called to fill several positions of trust and re- sponsibility. He was for years a notary public, and when the new county of Crook was formed from Laramie, he was appointed by Governor Hale to take charge of the land-office until the county was fully organized and at work freely as 624 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. a separate political existence. He was also the county assessor, and, as has been noted, one of the first county commissioners. On September 14, 1867, Mr. Draper was married at Falls City, Neb., to Miss Lenora Hatcher, a native of In- diana and a daughter of Charles and Lucinda (Shaffer) Hatcher, emigrants to the Hoosier stats from Tennessee, who removed to Iowa and farmed near Des Moines until the father's death in December, 1884. The mother still lies in Iowa, having her home at Prairie City. After the death of her husband Mrs. Draper took up her residence at Sundance, where she has an elegant home. She also owns the ranch which her husband took up when he settled near Sun- dance, which is now under lease, and one twenty miles south of Sundance. Both are in excellent condition and well improved with the necessary buildings, fences, etc. Mrs. Draper takes an act- ive interest in the social and charitable affairs of the town, and gives enthusiastic attention to the local chapter of the order of the Eastern Star, of which she is a valued member. JOHN B. ECKER. John B. Ecker, stockgrower and farmer, rep- resentative citizen and leading man in many ways, located near Jordan in Bighorn county, has been a resident of Wyoming continuously since 1878, and came to the state, or the coun- try embraced within its present limits, first in 1867, being then a soldier in the Regular U. S. army and stationed at Fort Cheyenne. He is a native of Baltimore, Maryland, where he was born on March 4, 1844, and where his parents, John and Margaret (Kirts) Ecker, settled on their arrival from Germany. His childhood and youth were passed in Maryland and Pennsyl- vania and his education was received in the schools of these states. In 1861, when armed resistance threatened the integrity of the Union, he responded to the first call for volunteers in its defense and enlisted in Co. E, Second Mary- land Infantry, and served in that company to the close of the war, participating in many of the hardest fought and most trying 1 battles of the conflict, notably South Mountain, Antietam, Sec- ond Bull Run and Fredericksburg; all in fact in which the command to which he was attached was engaged. At the close of the war he en- listed in the regular army as a member of the Thirtieth Infantry, and was in Richmond, Va., and Washington, D. C, until the command was ordered to Fort Cheyenne, Wyo., in 1867. From there after a short time the regiment was sent to Fort Kearney, Neb., and in 1868 it came to Fort Steele, where, his term having expired, he was discharged. He then worked for the gov- ernment and afterward rode the range and freighted until 1878, when he came to what is now Buffalo in Johnson count} 7 . He remained in that part of the state until 1900, actively con- nected with the stock industry in various capac- ities and with a wide range of experience. In iqoo he settled in the Bighoi'n basin and started a stock business which he is still conducting with cumulative profits and gratifying success. He has a large herd of cattle and pushes his busi- ness with vigor and industry, taking advantage of every favorable circumstance and with skill avoiding the pitfalls and mishaps that attend the course of such an enterprise in all human ex- perience. Mr. Ecker seeks relief from the stern- er duties of life in two of the fraternal societies so numerous in this country, being a member of the Knights of Pythias and the Modern Wood- men of America, taking great interest and find- ing much pleasure in the meetings of his lodges. His life has been an eventful one from the open- ing of his young manhood until now. The awful shadow of the Civil War rested darkly on its earlier years, and in the midst of unrolling col- umns he was face to face with death on many a bloody field. After that he again encountered danger in horrible forms and almost constant presence in subduing a savage foe on the plains of the Northwest, having many hair-breadth es- capes and many trying experiences. After war in all its forms folded its wrinkled front for him. the business of his daily life brought new responsibilities and trials, as well as new efforts and triumphs, and he can now enjoy the compe- tence he has Avon by his own efforts, and the PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 625 esteem of his fellow men which he has gained by his merit, with all the greater pleasure by the recollection of the hard and rugged road on which he has traveled to them, the journey hav- ing ended in prosperity. JOSEPH P. EMGE. Joseph P. Emge is a native of Indiana, where he was born on January 2, 1863, the son of George and ^Catherine Emge, the former a na- tive of Germany and the latter of Germany. He lived at home until he was nineteen, attending school when he could, and as soon as he was able learning the trade of a blacksmith. When he finished his apprenticeship, in 1882, he sought at once a new field of enterprise in the West and coming to Colorado, worked at Jiis trade for a period of three years. In 1885 he came to the Bighorn basin in Wyoming, and located on No- wood River, where he worked at his trade with industry and profit. Mechanics were scarce and all who came had plenty to do. Mr. Emge be- ing handy could do other mechanical work than blacksmithing, and soon found himself in great demand as a helper in many lines of activity. He also followed the prevailing custom of the country by locating government land and engag- ing in raising cattle. As time passed he pros- pered in his business and bought land on Spring Creek where he now owns 480 acres of excellent land into which he has put in the way of im- provements, the fruits of his previous labors and its own surplus products, making it one of the desirable, well developed and well cultivated ranches of the section of the county in which it is located. Here he has a herd of 400 well-bred and healthy cattle, always kept in prime condi- tion and fitted for the market from time to time with every care known to the business, deserving from the start the high place they hold in the regard of the purchasers. No effort is spared to make his land fertile and productive and to use its natural advantages to the utmost extent for the benefit of his herd, and nothing that proper attention and intelligent care can supply for the comfort and improvement of the herd is with- held. But his ranch and his cattle industry do not absorb all of Mr. Emge's time or energy. He has an active and zealous interest in the wel- fare of his community, and gives to local affairs affecting that welfare due attention and his por- tion of the burden which they entail on all good citizens. He is a stockholder in the telephone company operating at his home town, and is prominently connected with other enterprises which furnish forth either the sinews and means of commercial growth or the conveniences and comforts of life for the people in general. His wise, judicious and helpful citizenship has been potential for good in the county, and is much ap- preciated by all classes of the people. EMANUEL FAUST. Like the mild and pleasing sunset after a very stormy day, the evening of life descends upon Emanuel Faust, of Bighorn county, as he moves calmly toward the end of his earthly labors after a career of adventure, trial, danger and toil, and the pleasures of the evening are heightened and its softened radiance is rendered more soothing by the recollection of the stormy past and the consciousness of present and enduring peace. Although he came to Wyoming but little more than ten years ago, he was even at the late day of his arrival a pioneer in the state, where he found an untamed frontier ready to afford plen- ty of work for his progressive and developing spirit. His ancestry, while not emblazoned per- haps, on the roster of the world's titled nobility, is nevertheless noble and stands high on the aris- tocratic roll of industrial art among the knights of labor whose achievements have so signally blessed mankind and increased the sum of hu- man happiness. For he is a direct descendant of that Johann Fust, or Faust, who in company with Gutenberg and Schoeffer, about the middle of the fifteenth century, invented the art of print- ing from movable type, that mighty transformer of the mental world which, by its subsequent de- velopments, has brought the best literature to the knowledge and use of the common people of the civilized world. His first American pro- 626 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. genitor on his father's side was his grandfather, Philip Faust, a native of Berlin, who came to the United States in his young manhood and set- tled in Pennsylvania, where Emanuel was born on November 18, 1828, the son of John and Han- nah (Sipe) Faust of that state. In the place of his nativity Emanuel Faust grew to manhood, was educated and learned his trade as a black- smith. In .1849, when he had just passed his twenty-first birthday, he devoted eager atten- tion to what was then a wild portion of the yet unbroken prairie of the far West, and came to Freeport, 111., as to a place of hope and promise. He remained there industrious at his trade until 1854, then joined in the steady tide of emigration to California. But on his ar- rival in that territory he did not follow the al- most universal vocation of its people, but con- tinued at his trade for two years and then re- turned to Illinois. On September 10. 1861, he enlisted in the Union army as a member of Co. B, Forty-sixth Illinois Infantry, and served until October 9, 1864, participating in many of the most desperate and important battles of the aw- ful contest between the sections of our unhappy land. After the battle of Shiloh he was pro- moted to the position of second lieutenant for meritorious service and later reached in the same way that of first lieutenant, which he held when he was mustered out. After leaving the army he again resumed his trade in Illinois, remaining there until 1865, when he removed to Iowa- In 1884 ne came a little farther west, settling in Seward county in the adjoining state of Nebras- ka, and in 1892 located in the Bighorn basin of Wyoming, where he has since continuously re- sided. He took up a homestead and a desert claim near the town of Otto and started an enter- prise in the stock business which he is still con- ducting, which has prospered and grown great. His ranch of 320 acres is well improved, much of it is carefully cultivated, and he has a large herd of well-bred cattle which are kept up to a high standard in quality and condition. Mr. Faust is an interested member of the Grand Army of the Republic and the Masonic order. He was married at Freeport, 111., on June ]2, 1856, to Miss Sarah Runkle, who is like himself a native of Pennsylvania. They have had seven children, Lucy, John H., William C. (see sketch on another page), Alberta J., living, and Cyrus and Etta, deceased. In politics the father has been a loyal and devoted Republican from the very foundation of his party, and in church af- filiation is a Methodist Episcopalian. He takes an earnest and active interest in both political and' church affairs, and has made his religious faith practical by helping to organize congregations and build churches in the portion of the state in which he lives, one notable product of his zeal ,and energy being the first church of this faith erected in the Bighorn basin. In business connections, in political lines, in social circles and in church associations he is highly esteemed, and has the respect and confidence of the com- munity in every way as a useful, progressive, far-seeing and upright citizen. ALVAH W. AYRES. Among the prominent stockraisers of Con- verse county, Wyoming, must be numbered Mr. Ayres, for he is conducting a business of great scope and importance in the raising of horses and cattle. His operations are sure to be of in- calculable value to the country for he is exercis- ing great care and discrimination in the quality of his stock, thus aiding the entire community to benefit themselves by the improvement of their herds through his invaluable labors. He was born in Luzerne county, Pa., on December 28, 1 841, the son of James L. and Patience M. ( Vincent) Ayres, both parents having their na- tivity in the state of New York. His paternal grandfather dying when the father was but four years of age, a definite genealogy of the Ayres family has not come down to the present gen- tration, but on the mother's side it is known that the \ incents are of old Colonial stock, many of the name standing high in professional, indus- trial and commercial circles, one of the most prominent of recent years being the noted Rev. John H. Vincent, bishop of the Methodist Epis- copal church and chancellor of the great Chau- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 627 tauqua Assembly and University. Mrs. Patience (Vincent) Ayres is in a well preserved physical condition with bright and vigorous mental facul- ties and is maintaining her home in Nebraska, having commenced her married life on a farm and removing with her husband to Luzerne coun- ty, Pa., there following agriculture for many years, then moving to Illinois and eventually to Gage county, Neb., where he died. In i860 Alvah Ayres came west to Colorado, there following teaming until 1882, the last four years doing busi- ness for himself and making his first trip to Wyo- ming in 1865, Fort Laramie being his destination and in 1867 coming to Fort Fetterman and being exceedingly troubled by Indians upon the trip. In 1882 he located on his present home ranch on the LaPrele river, twelve miles west of Douglas, in the midst of rare scenic attractions, the Natural Bridge being on his estate ; the LaPrele running through the property irrigates over 200 acres of the fertile soil on which Mr. Ayres is raising fine crops of grain, alfalfa, etc. In this home ranch are over 600 acres of available land, while he has under lease and in his control over 2,000 acres, where he is running a herd of horses of a thoroughbred strain, while his drove of cattle numbers fully 500 head. Mr. Ayres is a quiet and unobtrusive citizen, ever earnest in public matters as a member of the Republican party, and, while by no means an office-seeker, his capa- bility for the proper discharge of public trusts was so manifest that he has been elected to the offices of school commissioner and representative in the State Legislature, discharging these trusts to the satisfaction of his constituents. On April 6, 1890, Mr. Ayres and Mrs. Sallie O. Button, a native of Virginia, were married, her maiden name being Clay and her first husband being William D. Button, a native of Vermont. Mr. and Mrs. Ayres have one son, Andrew Clement, who was born of her first marriage. Mrs. Ayres traces her American ancestry to the seventeenth century, when four brothers, John, Charles, Henry and Thomas, emigrated from England, all the Clays of this country being their de- scendants. Her ancestors migrated to Virginia, her grandfather, Rev. Charles Clay, a brother of the grandfather of the eminent Henry Clay of Kentucky, being one of the first Episcopal clergy- men of America, having to cross the Atlantic to London to be ordained. He was a close and in- timate friend of Thomas Jefferson and Mrs. Ayres possesses an autograph letter of that dis- tinguished patriot written to her grandfather. ROBERT FENTON. Robert Fenton, a prominent farmer and rais- er of well-bred stock in Bighorn county near the town of Fenton, of which his mother was the first postmistress and which was named in his honor, is a native of England where he was born on July 28, 1 86 1, the son of John and Amelia (Fen- ton) Fenton, also natives of that country and sci- ons of families which had lived there from time immemorial. In 1870 his father died in his na- tive land, and in 1875 the mother came with her family to the United States. Soon after her ar- rival in this country Mrs. Fenton married with Jacob Cunnington. Four years later they reached Wyoming and located at Lander where they re- mained for sonfe years, after which they lived for some time in. turn in Washington, Utah, Oregon and Idaho. In 1887 Mr. Cunnington was killed by the fall of a horse which he was riding, and one year afterwards, in 1888, Mrs. Cunnington and children located where they now live on Grey Bull River. Here they have an estate of 320 acres and carry on a flourishing stock busi- ness, handling some 150 cattle and a large num- ber of horses of high grade. The family con- sists of Mrs. Cunnington and her three children, Robert, John W. and Annie A. From their na- tive land they brought the energy and persistency in application, the thrift and frugality in living, and the intolerance of opposition to their laudable aspirations characteristic of the English people and with these qualifications for success began the work of subduing the untamed wilderness, to which the)' had come, here building up an estate of worldly competence and public esteem in their new home, moving forward in the effort with confidence and steady progress. Hard con- ditions yielded to their determined enterprise 628 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. and diligence, the wild luxuriance of nature be- came comely and obediently productive, and the social, educational, moral and political forces of the community soon began to feel the impulse imparted by their force of character and resource- ful energy. Their farm is a model of agricul- tural management, a silent but effective teacher of the benefits of forecast, calculation, thorough knowledge and faithful application ; their devo- tion to the land of their adoption is manifest in their great and abiding interest in everything that pertains to the welfare of their neighbor- hood, county and state; and in their relations to their fellows and their business methods they are exemplars of integrity, of amenity and of a cordial and generous humanity to those arormd them. They have a high place in public esti- mation and a healthful and stimulating influence on every phase of productive activity. OTTO FRANC. When we speak of the inscrutable ways of Providence often we only accuse our own short- ness and imperfectness of vision. Our very dis- asters are not unfrequently the gateways to bet- ter fortune and a more enlarged or elevated life. Otto Franc, of near Meeteetse in Bighorn coun- ty, the owner and manager of the celebrated Pitchfork cattle ranch, was sent to Wyoming on the advice of physicians to recuperate and recover if possible his failing health. Banished, so to speak, from all the blandishments of culti- vated life, separated from his brothers and friends in the Eastern metropolis, taken away from a business in which his energies and tastes were alike enlisted and consigned to a life of loneliness and privation in the western wilds, it must have seemed to him that fate was hard in- deed, and had little left in store for him that was agreeable. And yet, out of these very unpromis- ing conditions, lie was able to carve a new des- tiny, and by taking advantage of the opportuni- ties which they presented, rise to a far greater height of financial and commercial supremacy than he had formerly enjoyed, at the same time receive a return of his strength and his elasticity of body and spirit. He came to Wyoming in 1878 and, during the quarter of a century which has followed, he has been closely and forcefully identified with the history of the state and its leading industry, the cattle business, standing now among the very leaders of this business, con- trolling in large measure its destinies in his part of Wyoming. Mr. Franc is a native of Germany and was born on August 2, 1846. He was reared and educated in his native land, and in 1866, when he was twenty years old, came to the United States, locating in New York City, where, in company with his brothers, Charles A. and C. B. Franc, he engaged in the fruit business, im- porting the commodity from South -America. In 1872, in the interest of the firm and its business, he went to South America, but his health failed there and he returned to New York, remaining six years. In 1878, finding his health again failing, his physicians again advised him to pass some time on the plains of the far West, and he came to Wyoming, stopping where Thermop- olis now stands. He had engaged the services of "Texas Jack" as a guide, and while riding about the country learned much of the possibil- ities for profit in the cattle industry in this coun- try. He returned to New York to enlist the aid of his brothers in the business, and after much persuasion they consented to embark in it with him, but onlv on the condition that he would re- main on the ranch five years and give the enter- prise his personal attention. In 1879 ne came west again, bought cattle in Montana and drove them to Meeteetse Creek, where he wintered them. In the spring he moved them to where he now lives and quartered them on unsurveyed land which he took up, this being the first settlement on the Grey Bull River. As soon as the land was surveyed he entered his claims and all the while pushed his enterprise with vigor and excel- lent judgment. It throve and prospered, and in 1896 he bought out his brothers and became sole owner of t,6oo acres of the best ranch land in the state, which he has made into what is fre- quently spoken of as the most highly improved ranch in Wyoming, and is known to all who are closely connected with the stock industry as PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 629 the "famous Pitchfork ranch." The land is all graded, irrigated and relieved by a complete sys- tem of underground drainage, and it produces enormous crops of alfalfa and timothy. He has generally about 2,000 cattle, three-fourths of them being well-bred Shorthorns and Herefords. A gentleman of the business capacity and enter- prise possessed in every way by Mr. Franc, in a country where populations are small and leaders few, could scarcely avoid being drawn into the vortex of politics at least in a local way. And so, for the good of the community, he has been obliged to serve as justice of the peace from time to time, being one of the first justices within a large radius and his jurisdiction covered an immense sweep of country. He was compelled to travel 150 miles to take the oath of office the first time he was elected, so few were public of- ficials in this country in those days, and so far was it between- them. In fact, when he "staked his claim" here the county seat was 350 miles from his home. While enlarging and developing his business, and making every energy and factor of his resources subservient to its most pronounced success, Mr. Franc has not neglected his personal comfort or withheld the expression of his good taste in the improvements on his ranch. He has erected thereon a substantial and architecturally beautiful stone residence with numerous commodious and well arranged barns and other outbuildings. Everything about the es- tate proclaims that it is the product of thrift, en- terprise, great business capacity and refined taste, applied with admirable results in a practical way to the solution of the alwa)^ difficult prob- lem of making modern civilization bloom and fructify on the wild western frontier. It goes without the saying that Mr. Franc is one of the best-known and most highly esteemed men in the section of the state in which he lives. EDWARD J. FARLOW. Having passed three years of his life from the time he was seventeen years old as a cowboy on Laramie plains when the country was very wild, and having since achieved a substantial success as a stockman and farmer, holding service as a justice of the peace, mayor of his home town, and in other official capacities, Edward J. Farlow, of Lander, has risen by natural progress, and through an extensive and varied experience in the exigencies of life on the western frontier, to the high place he now holds in the esteem and regard of his fellow men. He is a native of Dallas county, la., where he was born on January 2, 1861, being the son of Isaac J. and Martha E. (Bringham) Farlow, yet esteemed citizens of Iowa, the former a native of Indiana and the latter of Kentucky. Edward J. was the third of their eight children, seven of whom are living, one brother, James N., a resident of Lander, be- ing specifically mentioned on another page of this work. Mr. Farlow received a ' good com- mon-school education in his native county, fin- ishing his course at the Adel high school. In 1878, when he was seventeen, he entered into act- ive life as a cowboy near Laramie, Wyo., and for three years cheerfully endured all the hardships and privations and thankfully received the phys- ical and intellectual benefits of that strenuous oc- cupation, in the meantime frugally saving his earnings and investing them in stock for himself, so that at the end of his service there he was able to go into the stock business on his own account. He has developed his enterprise from a small be- ginning to a full-fledged and vigorous vitality of gratifying dimensions and comfortable profits. He owns eighty acres of very fine meadow land just inside the city limits of Lander, and has a large acreage of leased land. On this he raises sheep and cattle of superior grades, selected with care and reared with every consideration for their comfort and the best mercantile results. His land is well improved and equipped with every device and accommodation for the successful conduct of his business, and with the desirable comforts and tasteful adornments of a modern home. From this coigne of vantage he is able to look out upon the community in which he has cast his lot and devote to its interest and advance- ment the benefit of his wide experience, good judgment and ripened common sense. He has served this people as mayor of their city, as a 630 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. member of their school board, as a justice of the peace and as a United States commissioner, in each position having important functions to perform and doing his duty in a way that has won high commendation from all classes of citi- zens. On September 23, 1883, he married with Miss Elizabeth Lamoreaux, a native of Wyo- ming and daughter of Jules and Elizabeth Lamo- reaux of Lander, who were among the earliest pioneers of the state and this particular valley. Two children have blessed their union, Jules E. and Albert J. GEORGE A. FOX. For more than sixteen years a resident of Wyoming, and during all of that time closely identified with the progress and development of the state, contributing of both brain and brawn to make her waste places glad, her mercantile interests prosperous, her civic life useful and true, and now conducting on a large and sub- stantial basis a business of great service and im- portance to the community in which he lives, George A. Fox, of Gillette, may well be spoken of as one of the forceful and productive factors among the civilizing influences of this section. He was born on June 26, 1851, in Floyd county, Iowa, where his parents, John and Jerusha A. (Colson) Fox, were early emigrants from Illin- ois. There they settled when the county was on the frontier, and there they lived until it had yielded to the persuasive voice of progress and ' become an old and well-settled communitv. Then again they turned to the undeveloped West and removing to Richardson county, Neb., in 1865, they homesteaded on the unbroken prairie and redeemed their portion of it to fertility and pro- ductiveness. In 1885, renewing their love for the wilder phases of our great public domain, they took up their residence in Crook county, Wyoming, and there the mother died in 1887. The father then returned to his old home in Nebraska and passed the remainder of his days amid the scenes he had so long enjoyed, dying in T899, after spending the sunset of a useful life in peaceful retirement from toil and care. George A. Fox was educated in the schools of the place in which he lived from time to time as he grew to manhood, and worked on the farm with his father until he was eighteen. He then engaged in farming on his own account in Ne- braska until 1882, when he opened a livery busi- ness in Humboldt, that state, and conducted it for two years. In 1884 ne removed to Sherman county, Kan., and there took up a homestead, but after two years of occupancy of this, came to Crook county, Wyo., where his parents were at the time, and "homesteaded" six miles from Sun- dance. On the land thus taken up he started a cattle industry, and also engaged in freighting between Rapid City, S. D., and the Black Hills country. For five years he followed this exciting and profitable life, and thereafter devoted his en- ergies entirely to the development and improve- ment of his cattle interests until 1896, when he sold both ranch and stock and came to Gillette to engage in the livery business. His progress in this enterprise was safe, but slow at first, ow- ing to a vigorous competition, but in 1899 he bought the barn he now uses for his business and, enlarging it and his stock, he has since done an extensive work in his line, being one of the best-known men in all this part of the country. In addition to a business which necessarily brings him into contact with all classes and conditions of men, Mr. Fox gained knowledge and become known through his activity in politics as a Dem- ocrat and in local public affairs as a progressive and enterprising citizen for many years. He has been serviceably interested in all projects for the advancement of the community, and has more than contributed his share in inspiration and in more substantial ways for their successful operation. On July 1. 1877, at Forest City, Mo., occurred the first marriage of Mr. Fox, being then united with Miss Fannie Gird, who, after an unusually happy wedded life of nineteen years, was called from earth, leaving four chil- dren. Nora, Lottie, Eddie ami Teddy. At Sheri- dan, Wyo., on May 23, 1900, Mr. Fox married with Mrs. Annie McClure. a widow, born and reared in Iowa, by whom he has had one son, Tay R. Fox. In fraternal relations he is united PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 631 with the lodge of Odd Fellows at Gillette, and, besides his livery business, he owns a ranch near the town, where he runs a considerable band of horses. He is as highly esteemed as he is widely known, and well merits his success in a commer- cial way and his hold on the regard of his fellows. GEORGE A. FORBES. This popular leader of the Republican party in Kemmerer county stands today one of the foremost men among the builders of Wyoming. Lineally descended from good Scottish stock, through George A. Forbes, who emigrated from Glasgow, Scotland, in Colonial times, he inherits all the strength of character, canny virtues and heroic bravery which led his great-grandfather to cast his fortunes with the New York militia of the Continental forces and to rise to distinc- tion in its ranks. He is a native of the state of Ohio, having been born at Litchfield, Medina county, on October 22, 1849, a son of Alexander and Cornelia (Randall) Forbes, of Syracuse, N. Y., Among his American forefathers were prominent lawyers and successful farmers, his own father following the latter occupation, both in New York and in Ohio, and dying at the age of eighty-five years on September 22, 1897, being buried at Litchfield five years after his wife had been laid to rest in the same place. Well edu- cated in the public schools of Ohio Mr. Forbes began his business career in 1863 as a govern- ment employe, becoming a mailing clerk at Nash- ville, Tenn., for two years, when he returned to Ohio and became an engineer in a sawmill,, continuing this occupation for eighteen months and until he was engaged as a fireman by the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Railroad, be- ing there soon promoted to the position of loco- motive engineer, which he held until November, 1875, when he came to Evanston, Wyo., and was engineer for the Union Pacific, remaining with that road in the freight and passenger service until 1894, only to leave it for the less exacting and more peaceful pursuits of farming and stock- raising. He has been constable for the Kem- merer precinct for three years and as a party leader for his county, it goes without saying that he must have good judgment, courage and a wise precaution to inspire confidence and merited esteem, which is now his in great measure. Fra- ternally, he is in full accord with the Masonic Lodge, No. 4, of Evanston, Evanston Chapter No. 2 and Evanston Commandery, No. 4, besides being an active member of the Maccabees and al- so of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers. In October, 1876, he married his first wife, Miss Susan Sparks of Bushnell, a daughter of Thomas and Sarah (Sparks) Bushnell, natives of Illinois, assistant principal for seven years of Professor Howe's college at Mt. Pleasant, Iowa. She died on September 13, 1881, and was buried on the same day as was President Garfield, leaving one child, Susan Alice, now a graduate of the State University at Lincoln, Neb., and a teacher in that institution. In the second marriage the lady of the choice of Mr. Forbes was Miss Alice Lenehan, of Toledo, Ohio, a daughter of Thomas and Mary (Lenehan) Lenehan of Ohio. They have one daughter, Laura M., who graduated from the Evanston high school with the class of 1902. The practical business qualities of Mr. Forbes have enabled him to acquire an enviable share of this world's goods and he owns 800 acres of valuable land near Evanston, the fam- ily residence in the city, and city property in Ogden, Utah, and Kemmerer. His career has been one of success and one of which he may well be proud, marked as it has been by energy, probity, loyalty to home and native land and a pleasing geniality which has gathered around him. many warm friends who class him among their honored citizens. WILLIAM B. GOULD. One of the prosperous, enterprising and pro- gressive stockgrowers and general farmers of the Bighorn basin, who has made his own way in the world from an early age, and has won a substantial competence for life and a secure and exalted place in the confidence and esteem of the public, is William B. Gould, who lives near Otto on the Grev Bull River, on a fine ranch 632 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. of 520 acres which he has redeemed from the wilderness and made to "blossom as the rose." Mr. Gould was born in Indiana on January 1, 1853, the son of Steven and Almeda (House) Gould, the former a native of Ohio and the lat- ter of Indiana. He was reared and educated in his native state, and he approached man's es- tate engaged in farming there on his own ac- count. He followed this vocation in Indiana un- til 1883 when he went to southwestern Missouri and continued it there for five years longer. In 1888 he came to Wyoming and located a home- stead, which is a part of the ranch on which he now lives and on which he conducts a large and profitable stock business, having some 300 head of fine cattle and sixty horses of superior breed and high grade. The ranch has been well im- proved with good buildings and other appliances and much of it is an advanced state of cultiva- tion. The changes made in it through the in- dustry and skill of its owner are gains over bar- barism and the wild and wasted luxuriance of nature by the forces of civilization and systematic labor. When Mr. Gould took up his residence on this land the whole region around him was as yet practically untouched by the molding hand of enlightened man. but from him, and others like him, early invaders of its primeval solitude, it received an impulse which soon began to bring it to comeliness and array it in garments suited to the dignity and the requirements of its new lord and master. As the land was developed and made fruitful, the other concomitants and fostering forces of civilization and progress were called forth and made effective. Schools and churches were established, roads and bridges were built, marts of trade were opened and the conveniences of modern life were gradually made available. In this work Mr. Gould took an active and very productive part. He and his brother James, of whom a sketch appears else- where in this volume, joined hands in the ex- hilarating task of planting the wilderness with the beneficent activities of cultivated life, by their example stimulating others so that the work went forward rapidly, considering all the conditions. The interest in the welfare of the communitv. thus exhibited in its early life on the part of Mr. Gould, has never abated and he is now as ready as he ever was to aid in the development of any enterprise which may tend to advance or improve his neighborhood. He was married in Shelby county, Indiana, in December, 1877, to Miss Mary E. Mann, a native of that state. They have six children, Orrin, Franklin, Elmer, Opal, Alva and Amy. JOSEPH R. GRAHAM. Prominent among the younger generation of ranchmen is the well-known and highly esteemed gentleman whose name furnishes the caption of this review. Thrown upon his own resources at an age when the majority of lads are the espec- ial objects of their parents' anxious care and so- licitude, and making his own way in the face of experiences calculated to try the mental and moral fiber and develop what is of genuine worth in the individual, he gradually surmounted an unfavorable environment, forging to the front by the sheer force of will, has now not only a fan- measure of pecuniary success, but the right to worthily wear the title of self-made man. Joseph R. Graham, who lives near Fort Laramie, was born on May 4, 1868, in the city of Leavenworth. Kan. His father, Joseph Graham, was a native of Kentucky, and his mother, who bore the maiden name of Mellie J. Foster, was also born and reared in the beautiful Blue Grass state. Soon after the close of the great Civil War these parents emigrated to Missouri, thence a little la- ter to Kansas, there settling on a farm in Leavenworth county, where the father carried on agriculture and stockraising until his removal in 1890 to the territory of Oklahoma. Mr. Gra- ham is still a resident of Oklahoma, where, as in his former places 'of residence, he is engaged in cultivating the soil and raising live stock, meet- ing with encouraging results in his busi- ness affairs. The childhood days and early youth of his son, Joseph R. Graham, were spent under the parental roof and as opportunities afforded he attended the public schools, acqirnng a fair knowledge of the branches constituting the cur- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 633 riculum. He grew up a continued help to his parents, but possessing a somewhat restless na- ture, and being actuated by a desire to see some- thing of the world, he severed the bonds which united him' to his home at the early age of thir- teen and made his way to Idaho. Soon after reaching his destination he went to work run- ning cattle, and was thus engaged in the south- ern part of the above territory until 1882 when he went to Nevada. Here he soon became a full-fledged, and thoroughly experienced cowboy, and continued as such in Nevada until 1884, in the spring of which year he came to Wyoming, and engaged with a ranchman near Cheyenne, in working there on the range until the latter part of the year following. In 1885 he came to the section of the country which he has since made the base of his operations in the cattle busi- ness, from that date until 1895 working the range over various parts of Montana, South Dakota and Nebraska. In 1895 he began ranch- ing in this part of the state, and, after following that work until 1900, he took up his present ranch on the Platte River, two miles northwest of Fort Laramie and engaged in cattleraising upon his own responsibility. He had experienced an in- teresting and an adventurous career, frequently marked by experiences of a thrilling character, and his wild, free life on the range has had a wholesome effect in building up a healthy, vig- orous physique and in developing a spirit of self- reliance peculiarly helpful to a man of his call- ing. He began life for himself in a limited financial way, but by his shrewd management, discriminating judgment and wise foresight he gradually much increased the magnitude of his business and is now on the straight highway to highly deserved success. On April 3, 1903, he was married at Fort Laramie, Wyo., to Miss Emma Kenast, a native of Germany and also being a daughter of Frederick and Wilhelmina (Borman), who came to Wyoming from the Fatherland in 1891. Mr. and Mrs. Graham also have one child, a bright boy. named LeRoy, who was born on November 26, 1893. Mr. Graham has a pleasant residence on his attractive ranch and is well situated to enjoy the comforts and conveniences of life which he has accumulated. Personally he is a most pleasant and affable gen- tleman, popular with all who know him, and possesses the happy faculty of making and re- taining warm friendships. Young in years, but old in experiences, full of energy and enthusiasm, it is eminently proper to predict for him a long and useful, as well as a financially successful ca- reer in years to come. Mr. Graham and wife are members of the Lutheran church and endeavor to make their lives correspond with their faith. J. F. HAGBERY. One of the progressive and enterprising stockgrowers and farmers of Bighorn county, who has won the respect and confidence of all his fellow men who know him by his correct business methods and upright life, and who has established himself securely in the stock business by his industry, thrift and capacity, is J. F. Hagbery, now living near Sunshine, Wyo., on a ranch which he took up as a desert claim and which he has brought to fertility and productive- ness of a high order. He is a native son of Iowa, born in that state on July 2, 1844, the son of Frederick and Anna Hagbery, both natives of Sweden. For some years after leaving school he worked on farms and conducted farming enter- prises of his own in his native state, and in 1878 he removed to Kansas, settling in Rooks county. He there engaged in farming and raising stock, continuing his operations along these lines in that count}- until 1884. He then moved to Colo- rado and continued in that state the same sort of business he had conducted in Kansas, remaining there until 1893, when he came to Wyoming and took up on a desert claim a portion of the land which is now included in his ranch, and again engaged in stockraising and farmnig. His ranch comprises 320 acres of land, which he has made good and fruitful, and on it he sup- ports liberally and keeps in good condition 400 high-grade cattle. He is a public spirited and progressive citizen, taking a serviceable interest in all the advancement of the community. 634 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. ABRAHAM GOTWALS. As a volunteer in the Union army during the Civil War and a soldier in the regular array for three years after the close of that sanguinary conflict, and in the latter service participating in many Indian battles and skirmishes, Abraham Gotwals of Bighorn county, residing on a fine and well-developed ranch near Hyattville, gave his country good service throughout seven years of his young and vigorous manhood, and since that period has been actively engaged in building up and improving the portion of her wide do- main in which he has cast his lot. He came to Wyoming in 1865, when the wealth, which for ages had been hidden from the sight of man, was just beginning to attract the attention of the adventurous advance guard of civilization in this western world, and, during the nearly forty years of his residence in the state, he has been a potential force in her progress and in the development of her commercial, industrial, educational, social and political institutions. He was born in Montgomery county, Pa., in 1841, the son of Joseph D. and Mary (Kratz) Got- wals, also natives in that state. In his native county he reached the age of twenty years, re- ceived a common-school education and assisted his parents on the farm. In 1861, on May 4, just fifteen days after the riot in Baltimore, he enlisted in Co. E, Twenty-seventh Pennsylvania Infantry, for a term of three-years' service m the Union army, or during the war, if it should not last so long. He saw the full three-years' service, being in many important battles during its progress and, nothing undaunted by the dan- gers he had passed and the privations and hard- ships he had suffered, at the end of his term he immediately reenlisted as a member of Co. B in the One Hundred and Ninety-ninth Pennsyl- vania, with which he served to the close of the war. Being now inured to military life, finding in it much that was attractive, especially as there was promise of continued peace, he agajn en- listed, this time as a member of the regular army in the Second U. S. Cavalry for another term of three vears. In the Civil War he was wounded at the battle of Cross Keys, in Virginia, but was not long disabled for service. After his enlist- ment in the regular army he was sent west with his regiment, in 1865 arriving in Wyoming. While here the troops were almost continually harassed or called into activity by the hostility of the Indians, and Mr. Gotwals had many nar- row escapes from death and capture. In 1868 he was discharged at Fort Russell, and then set- tling at South Pass, in what is now Fremont county, Wyo., he engaged in mining until 1876, when he went back to Pennsylvania and passed a year in Philadelphia. In 1877 ne a g am came west, stopping at Deadwood in South Dakota, where he remained fifteen months busily occu- pied in mining. In 1880 he took up his residence in Wyoming for a second time, locating at Lan- der. From there he came to Bighorn county in 1883 and, taking up as a preemption claim a part of the ranch on which he now lives, set to work to improve his land and build up an in- dustry in the stock business. He owns 320 acres of good land in one body and has about 2,000 acres under lease. His herd consists usually of some 300 head of well-bred cattle, while he also runs a large band of superior horses. He is a typical pioneer and has given to the state of his adoption his best efforts for her advancement while pushing his own interests ; and she has re- warded his service with a wealth of opportunity to win fortune in material possessions and to se- cure the lasting esteem of his fellow men, which he has done. JOHN C. HANSCUM. Born at Oswego, N. Y., on August 28. 1868. Mr. Hanscum is the son of John C. and Mary A. (Collins) HanscUm. both natives of that state. His father was of English descent, and the paternal grandfather was born in a town in the North of Ireland, his mother being a native of England. John C. Hanscum was long engaged in the business of printing and publishing, and was an active and progressive business man. He passed away in Chicago, 111., in 1876, at the early age of fortv-four. The mother is still liv- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 635 ing and makes her home at Newark, N. J. Mr. Hanscum was the second of a family of five children. He received his early education m the public schools of Chicago, whither his family had removed from his native state of New York. He left home at the age of fourteen years, and for two years he was engaged in the state of Missouri in farm work, for a time being em- ployed in a merchandising establishment. Subse- quently, he traveled somewhat extensively in no less than twenty-eight states and territories. In 1893 ne came to the state of Wyoming, and ac- cepted a position as clerk with J. K. Moore, and continued in that employment up to the year 1899, when he purchased the hotel business at Fort Washakie. In July; 1892, he embarked in the stage-and-mail business between the Fort and Dubois, Wyo. In addition to his other business enterprises, he is the owner of a feed and livery stable at Fort Washakie, and is also considerably interested in the business of raising cattle. He is a public spirited, progressive and prosperous business man, and has done much to develop the resources of this section of the state. On Sep- tember 12, 1899, Mr. Hanscum was united in marriage at Lander, Wyo., to Miss Jennie De- Wolf, a native of Wyoming and a teacher in the Indian schools. She is the daughter of Henry and Lizzie (Ramsey) DeWolf, the form- er a native of the state of New York and the latter of the Dominion of Canada. They were among the early pioneers of this section of Wyoming, and are among its best citizens. To the union of Mr. and Mrs. Hanscum has been born one child, Irene M., and their home is sur- rounded by many evidences of comfort and re- finement. They are held in high esteem by a larg-e circle of friends and acquaintances. DAVID W. HANNER. All of the mature life of David W. Hanner has been passed within the limits of Wyoming, and nearly all of it in Bighorn county. He as- sisted in the formation of this county, and has been an element of power and productiveness in its development and in the establishment and im- provement of all its civilizing forces. It was in the state of Nebraska, and on July 29, 1866, that his life began, and his parents, John and Martha (Hanger) Hanner, were natives of Indiana and Missouri, respectively, and who were settled in Nebraska soon after their marriage. David was reared and received a limited education in his na- tive state, and as soon as he was able, there be- gan to ride the range, continuing this occupation until 1887, when he came to Wyoming. Locat- ing at Buffalo, in the northern part of the terri- tory that was then making rapid strides toward the dignity and the consequence of statehood, he there found profitable employment as a team- ster for awhile, and then proceeded to the neighborhood of Laramie and there re- turned to his earlier vocation of range riding, which he followed in that part of the state until 1889, when he came to Bighorn county and continued it here in connection with a freighting business until 1894. Thus having spent his years of preparation for conducting the business of life on his own account in the stock industry, he might almost be considered a true product of it as well as a very worthy repre- sentative of the business. In 1894 he located a homestead on the Grey Bull River, and has since resided on it, making extensive and valuable improvements as time passed and build- ing up one of the best-managed and most re- munerative stockgrowing enterprises of its mag- nitude in this portion of the Northwest. He has 320 acres of good land well adapted to the business, and runs a band of some 4,000 sheep and has also large numbers of well-bred cattle. His brand is well-known in the cattle and sheep markets and the products of his ranch have a high rank. Mr. Hanner is a member of the Modern Woodmen of America, and takes an in- terest in the proceedings and prosperit)^ of the order, but he belongs to no other fraternal or- ganization. He was married in Bighorn county, Wyo., in July, 1894, to Miss Mary Williams, a native of Minnesota and daughter of John C. and Janet Williams, who have been residents of Wyoming since 1884. Mr. and Mrs. Hanner are highly esteemed in social circles and stand 636 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. high in the good will and general regard of the community in which they have lived and labored so zealously and so effectively, both for the gen- eral good and advancement of -every enterprise. SYDNEY F. HARVARD. The great state of New York has been able to supply from her redundant population, filled with ambition for conquest among men, a multi- tude of volunteers for the army of industrial progress which has done so much to settle and civilize the northwestern territories and states of the Union. And wherever they have halted in their triumphant march they have left ' the impress of their presence, and have planted the seeds of the enterprise and public spirit which distinguishes their own state. In this multitude, Sydney F. Harvard, of Tensleep, has an honored place, for, although but a recent addition to the population and developing force of Wyoming, he has already justified the esteem in which he is held by her people, who have now knowl- edge of him, and has shown himself a true citi- zen by the interest he has manifested in the state of his adoption. He was born in New York in i860, where his parents, William and Mary J. (Duck) Harvard, natives of Yorkshire, Eng- land, settled on their arrival in the United States. When he was six years old they removed to Wisconsin, and there the father was called to rest, the mother being now living in Bighorn county, having a ranch on the No Wood River. Mr. Harvard remained in Wisconsin until he reached the age of nineteen, securing scholas- tic training in her public schools and drawing in- spiration for freedom and independence from her excellent civil institutions. In 1879 ne came to the West and for a number of years rode on the range and acquired all of the benefits of physical vigor and sharp mental acuteness that the life of a cattleman gives. He then set- tled on a ranch in Brown county. Neb., and there engaged in stockgrowing until 1895. In that year he came to Wyoming, locating in the Big- horn basin, there continuing the industry he had begun in Nebraska. Six years later he bought the ranch on which he now lives on No Wood River, which is a beautiful tract of 320 acres, and has been brought to a high state of cultivation and also well improved by him. He has there a comfortable and attractive residence, with out- buildings of every needed kind to correspond, and is well fixed to keep in excellent condition the 100 or more cattle and the band of horses which he handles on the place. He was married in Brown county. Neb., in 1887, to Miss Jennie Pettijohn, a native of Minnesota. They have seven children, Clyde, Lewis, Frederick, . Frank, Harry, Nellie and Alice. Mr. Harvard's farm is an evidence of his skill and husbandry and his progressiveness in improvement, for it is a model of convenience and completeness, its nat- ural beauties having been enhanced by judi- cious use of good taste in arrangement of build- ings, shrubbery and other appurtenances. His interest in the welfare of his new home has been shown by his careful attention to local affairs, with a lofty view to the general good, rather than to the advantage of any personal or fac- tional interest. And in social life his course has been marked by a spirit of real accommodation to all who come in contact with him, as well as by a genial and entertaining manner. HENRY HELMS. While the lessons of adversity are not al- ways salutary, and sometimes awaken the dark- er passions born of a sense of injustice, as a rule they stimulate to extra activity, calling out from their hiding"-places in the deeper being, un- known powers and unsuspected resources. When a man of real grit and fiber is thrown for reliance on his unaided capacities, he develops strength with their exercise, and he grows into something beyond his former self. Henry Helms was left an orphan by the death of his parents in his in- fancy, and, thus left to the care of strangers through childhood and youth, he was necessarily dependent on his own exertions for advancement in the world, and bravely he accepted the situa- tion and has honorably made his way. He was born in Germany in 1853. the scion of old Ger- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 637 man families long resident in the Fatherland, and when he was nine years old he was brought to the United States and located in Iowa. There he grew to man's estate and was educated to a limited extent in the public schools. In 1877 he sought better opportunities and larger hopes in the West, making his way to Colorado. In that state he worked at his trade as a baker which he learned in his former home. In 1878 he accompanied the O. R. & N. Co.'s sur- veying party to Idaho, and, in 1882, in company with Henry Lovell, he drove cattle to Wyoming. They wintered at Rawlins, and, in the following spring, Mr. Helms entered the employ of the Deranch Cattle Co., and remained in the service of that organization until 1884. He then ac- cepted a place as cook with the II Ranch Com- pany, and was with that outfit until 1890. In that year he took up the land he now occupies and on it started the industry in stockraising and farming, which he has continued ever since, and which has grown from a small beginning to a business of size and importance. He has 240 acres of land, which, by his skill and industry, he has brought to a good state of cultivation, and made it serviceable in support of his herds of well-bred cattle, which number 150 head on an average. He also runs a good-sized band of horses, and is. careful to keep, the breed up to a high standard. His farming is only incidental to his stock business, but it is conducted with skill and enterprise, and rewards his care and labor with fine annual crops of cereals, hay and other farm products. He has improved bis place with substantial buildings, and supplied with the necessary machinery and appliances for its prop- er management. A comfortable residence adorns it, which is always open to the needy, and spark- les with genuine and vivacious hospitality for the friends of the family. In 1895 he was married to Miss Eda Smith, a native of Kansas and a daughter of Thomas Smith, formerly of that state, but for years a resident of Missouri. They have one child, their son Virgil. Through toil and struggle, through hardship and difficulty, hope and endurance, Mr. Helms has arisen to his present estate of worldly competence, and his enjoyments of the comforts which surround him is all the greater by , recollection of the trials through which he reached them. The land of his adoption has been generous in opportunity to him, and he has returned her benefactions by patriotic devotion to her interests and the service and stimulus of an example in worthy, upright and well-esteemed citizenship. M. AUGUSTUS HINKSTON. M. Augustus Hinkston, foreman of the Em- bar Cattle Co. of Fremont county, Wyoming, has, it is claimed, rode more miles on horseback than any other man in the world. Certain it is that he has been for many years most of the time in the saddle, and at times has seemed like the Centaur, almost a part of his horse, so well and so gracefully does he ride, and so contin- ually is he in position. He is a pioneer of 1867 in this state, and was born in Illinois on September 27, 1847, the son of Danforth and Ursula (French) Hinkston, natives of Ohio who emigrated to Illinois in their early married life. Their son, M. Augustus, reached the age of twenty years in his native state, and received a limited common school education there, and in 1867, longing for the free wild life of the frontier, and communion with Nature in her primeval luxuriance, he came to Wyoming, lo- cating near Cheyenne, and began a career of range riding which has continued in unbroken course to the present day, is unparalleled in the history of the stock industry and worthy of special , notice as the record-breaker of all time in this line of activity. For more than thirty-five years, for 365 days in the year, with the extra day in leap years thrown in, he and his galloping- steed have been a picturesque feature of the land- scape, as inevitably present as the turf on. which they traveled and the sky under which they were riding. In that period he. has owned a number of favorite horses which he has broken to his use, has had them as constant companions, and has seen them grow old and die. His preferred color is bay, but any good horse possesses for him the right color. Among the noble animals which 6 3 8 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. have borne him proudly onward, he well remem- bers Yellow Jack, ridden from 1870 to 1880, a fine cut-out horse, tender-mouthed, always rid- den with a rope or string around his neck. He would come at rider's call ; Old Honesty, ridden eight years, very nervous ; he ran away with rider at daylight one morning, slipping on the ice and breaking his leg and knocking his rider senseless for twenty-four hours. When the rider recovered consciousness Old Honesty was grazing close by, walking on his broken bones ; Buck, a fine cow horse, in roping cattle he would put his rider's knee against the cow's left ribs, also would come at the rider's call and was ridden eight years by Mr. Hinkston. During the nine- ties he rode Showdown, Roan Dick, Brown Jug and dozens of others, all noble animals, well qualified for their place in life, and, as Mr. Hink- ston sometimes thought, only lacking the sense of speech to equal the capabilities of man. Mr. Hinkston has been foreman for a number of large cattle companies, and has seen active and exciting service in the employ of them all. The dan- gers of Indian warfare and Indian treachery have been many times present ; actual hostilities in the mass and actual pursuit, the capture and punishment of individual marauders have not been uncommon ; and, when the untutored wild man of the plains was not troublesome, the law- less renegade from civilization and fugitive from justice was abroad, insulting the lone majesty of night with his unwelcome presence and by stealthy crimes. At times the rage of the ele- ments combined with the wickedness of man to make the life of the cattleman a burden, and at others disease, drouth and other disasters de- stroyed the fruits of his labor. All forms of adventure, every kind of hazard, every phase of work incident to his calling, have been in the lot: of this renowned cattleman, and through them all he has preserved unsullied his good name for uprightness of life and character, his fairness in dealing with everybody, humanity to fallen foes and resolute spirit in confronting every phase of fortune. For ten years he was a foreman with the X Cattle Co.; in 1886 he came to Buffalo, Wyo., and spent two years as assistant foreman for the Pratt-Jervis Cattle Co., then came to the Bighorn basin and passed two years in the employ of H. P. Rathmell, at the end of which time he became foreman for the Embar Cattle Co. and has since then remained with them as their range foreman. In fraternal relations he has found enjoyment and intellectual and social profit as a prominent member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and domestic happiness has smiled upon him through his marriage at Cheyenne on January 2, 1877, to Miss Julia Lanan, a native of Kansas. They have two chil- dren, their daughters, Mabel I. and Mona E., both of whom are graduates .of the Wyoming State University, being accomplished and tal- ented young ladies adorning society, possessing grace and wit as well as sterling sense. WILLIAM F. HUNT. The tragic and yet useful and productive Hie which forms the substance of this memoir was begun in orphanage and under the terrible shadow of our Civil War, William F. Hunt hav- ing been born on May 30, 1863, in the state of Wisconsin but a few days after his father, a gallant soldier in the Union arm}-, was killed at the siege of Vicksburg. His parents were Charles and Augusta (Lang) Hunt, natives of Germany, who came to the United States soon after their marriage. They at once, and readily, imbibed the spirit of our institutions, becoming devoted adherents to the fortunes of their adopt- ed country and when armed resistance menaced its continued harmonious existence, the father went forward promptly as a volunteer in its de- fense and served until on one black day in the latter part of May, 1863. a Confederate bullet completed the sacrifice of his life to patriotism in one of the awful contests of American valor in the South. The helpless orphan, then sacred as the nation's charge, was reared in a home for soldiers' orphans at Davenport, Iowa, until he reached the age of fourteen, and he there ac- quired the rudiments of an education. At that early age he started out in life for himself, com- ing to Colorado, in that state learning the car- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 639 penter trade and working at it and also con- ducting a farm for a number of years. During four busy years he was a bridge carpenter for the Union Pacific Railroad in Nebraska and, in 1891, he came to Wyoming and located where he now lives in Bighorn county, near the town of Lovell. He has a well-improved ranch of 160 acres and a profitable business in cattle and horses, and owns valuable property in the town. He is well-esteemed as a progressive and broad- minded citizen and has served his people as a justice of the peace for a number of years, being at the same time a notary public. He is a mem- ber of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, belonging to and taking great interest in the proceedings of the lodge of the order at Den- ver. In 1888, at Glenrock, Wyo, he was united in marriage with Miss Pearl Godfrey, a native of Nebraska and a daughter of H. M. and Annie (Godfrey) Godfrey, a sketch of whom appears elsewhere in this work. Mr. and Mrs. Hunt have two children, their daughters, Fannie and Eva. During his residence at Lovell Mr. Hunt has much of the time been actively engaged in busi- ness as a contractor and builder, and has erected many of the best buildings in the town and vi- cinity. Whether working- at his trade, conduct- ing his stock business or discharging the duties of his official positions, Mr. Hunt has been faith- ful and upright in every respect, and has en- joyed in a marked degree, for many years as he enjoys now, the confidence and esteem of his fellows and the respect of all classes of every community in which he has lived. JOHN IREDALE. The subject of this sketch has figured promin- ently in the history of Wyoming during the last quarter of the century and is well entitled to notice among' the state's, enterprising men of affairs. He is a native of England and the son of Joseph and Elizabeth Iredale. The father was born in the city of Carlisle and the mother in County Cumberland. By occupation Joseph Iredale was a farmer and as such accumulated a competence. He was a man of broad intelli- gence, an active politician, and for a number of years was a conspicuous figure of the Liberal party of the community where he lived. He never left the land of .his birth, dying in County Cumberland in 1870 at the age of sixty-six. His wife survived him until 1898, at which time she entered into her eternal rest, having reached the ripe old age of eighty-two years. Joseph Iredale, father of the above Joseph, was a dis- tinguished soldier in the British army and lost his life in the East Indian mutiny. John Iredale was born in County Cumberland in 1839, anc ^ at the tender age of nine years began earning money by working in the coal mines. He re- ceived a fair education in the schools of his na- tive place and, after following mining for some years, he entered upon an apprenticeship to en- gineering. By diligent application under the di- rection of competent instructors, he soon mas- tered the technique and principles, in due time becoming proficient in every detail of the pro- fession. When his ability became recognized, he was employed in various kinds of engineering in his native country, and while still a young man acquired much more than local repute where work involving skill was required. Mr. Iredale followed his profession in England until 1874, at which time he came to the United States and settled in Ohio where he continued civil engin- eering during the ensuing thirteen years. At the expiration of that time he went to Iowa, thence nine months later to Colorado, where he re- mained for eighteen months, devoting the time to professional labor. About twenty-six years ago Mr. Iredale came to Rock Springs and has made his home in this city ever since, using his time and services as an engineer for which skilled talent there has always been great demand. As an expert in mining he was especially valuable and so long as he was physically able to dis- charge his duties, there were more demands for his services than he could meet. He continued employed uninterruptedly until about 1899, when he decided to forego further activity in the line of professional work and retire to private life. Having always led a strenuous life, he soon found idleness hanging heavily upon his hands, 640 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. accordingly he asked for and secured the appoint- ment of janitor of the city building, the duties of which he has since discharged. In 1897 Mr. Iredale was appointed by the governor the super- intendent of Irrigation District No. 4, and .he continues to look after the duties incident thereto in connection to his regular employment. For eight years he has been a member of the Gover- nor's personal staff, in which capacity he keeps in close touch with the leading state officials, among whom he is held in high esteem. Mr. Iredale has long been prominent in public affairs, both local and state, and is a factor of no incon- siderable consequence in matters pertaining to Rock Springs and Sweetwater county. His long residence in this section of the state, as well as his professional labors throughout the country, have brought him in contact with all classes of people, and his wide and varied acquaintance has . ripened into many warm and loyal friend- ships. Like the majority of enterprising men he is a member of the Masonic fraternity and has risen to prominent station in the brotherhood ; he also belongs to the Independent Order of Red Men and to the Odd Fellows, having been honored by both societies with important official positions. In 1856 Mr. Iredale was united in marriage to Miss Matilda Cooper, a daughter of Archibald Cooper, an engineer and machinist, who came from Scotland to the United States in 1872, settled in Ohio and lived there until his death, which occurred at the age of eighty. The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Iredale has been blessed with ten children, Joseph, Archibald, James, John, William, Garfield, Elizabeth, Annie, Helen and Mary. Archibald, the second son, died from injuries received in an accident about eighteen years ago, while in the discharge of his duties as a railroad conductor. WILLIAM IRVINE. The gentleman to a brief review of whose life and characteristics this sketch is devoted, is a native of the beautiful and romantic Emerald Isle, the land of story and song, of fair daughters and warm-hearted, strong-armed sons, whose deeds of valor have been sung in every country and clime. William Irvine was born in County Down, Ireland, on July 10, i860, and is the son of Edward and Mary (Hanna) Irvine. These parents belonged to the farming class and never left the shores of their native land, where their son, William, was reared as a tiller of the soil and early learned those lessons of industry and thrift, which have ever had such a marked influ- ence in determining the course of his subsequent life. In such schools as his neighborhood afford- ed he received the rudiments of a practical edu- cation, and when old enough to be of service began working with his father, whom he helped to cultivate the little home farm until reaching the age of twenty. As it is well known the condi- tion of the Irish peasantry was anything but en- couraging, and for a young man, who was born and bred under such conditions, to rise superior to his environments, seems well nigh impossible. Realizing this state of affairs existed in his na- tive land and being cognizant of the fact that abundant opportunities awaited young men of energy and determination in America, a countrv where class distinction proves no bar to advance- ment, young Irvine at the age of twenty, left his native island and came to the United States, landing in the harbor of New York, in Septem- ber, 1882. Within a short time after his arrival he secured employment in the Bloomingdale Hospital for the Insane in New York City, and continued to hold a position in that institution until November, 1885. The day on which he gave up his place witnessed his departure for the Pa- cific coast, which he reached in due time, and immediately thereafter he secured employment, and also purchased property in a small town near Los Angeles. Calif. After spending about a month there he sold out and went to Omaha, Neb., thence migrating a little later to the citv of Lincoln, where he secured a position in the State Hospital for the Insane. Mr. Irvine ably discharged his duties in the asylum until Jul} - 5, L890, when he resigned, procured an outfit and proceeded overland to Wyoming, arriving on Blue Grass Creek in Albany county on the first day of August. He soon located on his present ranch. PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 641 twenty-five miles southwest of Wheatland, but the land being unsurveyed, it was not until the fall of 1 901 that he was enabled to perfect his claim. Immediately following his settlement, Mr. Irvine invested his means in cattle, and from that time to the present he has been engaged in the live stock business, meeting with encouraging results in all his business affairs. He also raises horses, which has proven a profitable industry, and his future is bright with promise in all- lines of the business endeavors in which he is engaged. He is a gentleman of courteous demeanor, and thus far in life his career has been one of activity and usefulness. He bears an unsullied reputa- tion in business circles, and his integrity and ster- ling honesty have gained the unqualified approv- al of all with whom he comes in contact. En- tirely free from ostentation, he is kindly and gen- ial in his social relations, and has the friendship of his fellow citizens who esteem him for his genuine personal worth. Fraternally he is a Mason, belonging to the lodge at Wheatland. CHARLES IVES. Coming to Crook county, Wyoming, soon af- ter reaching his majority, and living within her borders ever since, Charles Ives of Pleasant Val- ley, five miles north of Sundance, has passed nearly the whole of his mature life as a product- ive and improving factor in the civilization and development of this portion of the state. His native home was in Kankakee county, Illinois, where he was born on August n, 1861. His parents, Myron and Mary (Yorks) Ives, were engaged in farming in that county for a number of years and then removed to Howard county, la., where they again farmed, passing fourteen years at that occupation in that county. In 1882 the}-' sold their interests in Iowa and took another flight towards the setting sun, locating at Spear- fish, S. D., where they remained four years, culti- vating the soil also there, at the end of that time moving to Crook county, Wyo., where the father took up a ranch adjoining the one now occupied by his son, Charles, and engaged in ranching and cattleraising until his death in June, 1900. Since then the mother has made her home with her children in Crook county and at Spearfish, S. D. She was born at Jersey City, in the state of New Jersey, and in childhood came west to Indiana with her parents, later removing to Illin- ois, where her - husband was born and reared and where they were married. Charles Ives grew to manhood and received his education in Howard county, IoAva, and accompanied his par- ents to Spearfish, S. D., in 1882. There he worked on ranches and on the farm with "his fa- ther until they came to Wyoming, when he home- steaded the ranch on which he now lives, which is one of the desirable places in a region of great fertility and beauty, the well-known Pleasant Valley, on which nature has smiled with lavish kindness. His ranch is five miles north of Sun- dance and yields as the results of his labor and its fertility good annual crops of grain and hay, and furnishes a substantial basis for his stock industry and bountiful provision for his herds and flocks, which are constantly expanding in volume and value. In addition to the land he owns he has several ranches rented, the most of which he also has under cultivation. On No- vember 11,. 1896, Mr. Ives was united in mar- riage with Miss Edna Allen, a native of Minne- sota, but then living at Spearfish where the mar- riage was solemnized. Her father, Abner Allen, is a resident of Pelican Rapids, Minn., where he is engaged in newspaper work. Two children have blessed the home of Charles Ives, Winifred B. and Erva C. Mr. Ives is a Republican in poli- tics and is always active in the service of his party. He and his accomplished wife are highly esteemed by a large circle of friends, who find their pleasant home a center of refined and grac- ious hospitality of true Western character. J. L. KELLEY. J. L. Kelley of Bighorn county, living near Burlington, prominent as a farmer and a breeder of high-grade stock, also active and influential in the organization and the work of the Baptist church, is a product and an admirable represent- ative of life on the western plains. He was born 642 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. in 1858, in the state of Missouri, the son of Reuben and Catherine (Haskett) Kelley, natives of Indiana. In his native state he lived until he was twenty years old and received a common- school education, in 1878, on setting out in life for himself, he went to Kansas and worked on a farm for a year, then returned to Missouri, and, after a residence near his former home for two years, removed to Custer county, Neb., where he was engaged in farming until 1894. In that year he made his advent in Wyoming, and, lo- cating on the farm which has since been his home, he started a cumulative farming and stock- growing enterprise which he is still conducting. His beautiful farm of 160 acres is situated two miles northeast of Burlington, and there he has a fine herd of cattle and a drove of excellent high- grade horses. He is esteemed as one of the far-seeing and progressive men in the stock in- dustry, and a useful citizen who supports with ardor every good undertaking for the benefit of the community in which he lives. In frater- nal relations he is connected with the Modern Woodmen of America. His first marriage oc- curred in Missouri in 1881, when he was united with Miss Lucinda Gradwell. The fruit of their union was two children, Emma and George, both living. In 1893 he married a sec- ond time in Missouri, his choice on this occasion being Miss Laura Sarver, a native of Pennsyl- vania and born in Pittsburg. Thev have four children, Cassius C, Gail H., Elmo J. and Fran- ces R., who grace and enliven the home. WILLIAM M. SUMMERS. No one is more worthy of determinate repre- sentation in this record of progressive men of Wyoming as an example of sturdy character than is this sterling citizen of Lone Tree, Uinta county, Wyoming. His connection with life on the plains dates back to a period of forty years ago and his childhood days were con- nected with the pioneer existence of his father's family in various new countries of the Missis- sippi Valley. Mr. Summers was born in Wash- ington county. Mo., on December 10, 1843, an ^ his parents, Samuel R. and Ginsey J. (Isgrig) Summers, were natives of Pennsylvania, of Dutch lineage on the maternal side, while the lather descended from Irish and French ances- tors. His paternal forebears were among the early pioneers of Kentucky, accompanied Dan- iel Boone in his emigration thither, and Mr. Summers well remembers the intense interest he took as a child in listening to the thrilling adventures they early experienced in the Dark and Bloody Ground and of their being forced to uietly travel at night and keep concealed dur- ing the day to avoid the tomahawks of the mer- ciless savages. His father was a son of Sam- uel Summers and he visited St. Louis when it was but a small aggregation of unpretentious houses. He was a man of character, serving as sheriff of Washington county for many years, in that connection selling two white men at public auction, because they would not sup- port their families, one of them bringing $250 for a year's service and the other $150 for the same length of time. He was later marshal of Brownsville, Neb., to which state he removed with his family in 1854, locating in Nemaha county, where their useful lives ultimately ceased their activities. W. M. Summers was one of a family of fourteen children, and gath- ered the elements of an education from the primitive schools of Missouri and Nebraska until he was eighteen, when he became a per- sonal factor in the business life of the west by engaging in 1856 in freighting operations from Brownsville, Neb., to Denver, Colo. In i"863 he went to Montana and followed mining in its new camps for three years, acquiring enough wealth to finely establish himself in the freight- ing business with an excellent outfit. This hard and exhausting but profitable industry he pur- sued until 1868, being prospered in his under- takings, but passing through some thrilling ex- periences. In 1868 he was employed by the Union Pacific Railroad, and thereafter, until 1872, he was in the employ of the U. S. govern- ment, conducting freighting outfits and in peril- ous scouting, in which connection his life was often in great peril. On one occasion, in T870, ^w^^^tf PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 643 in the Sweetwater country, he had a fight with seven hostile Sioux who had stolen twelve mules. This was the day on which Lieutenant StanbaUgh was killed. In the engagement, de- spite the great odds against him, Mr. Summers was successful, killing three of the 'Indians and driving the others away. He has frequently passed days without eating, from lack of food, and he has participated in several notable bat- tles with Indian adversaries, once, in 1868, hav- ing a running fight that lasted the whole day. He had as many as 164 mules engaged at one time in his freighting outfits and one night he came very near losing all by marauding In- dians. In 1872 Mr. Summers came to Fort Bridger and from this place as headquarters did much work for the U. S. government, and was the trusted guide of the U. S. geological surveying party in its researches in the Yellow- stone Park region in 1872 and 1873. He was the ' pioneer settler of Lone Tree, taking up his resi- dence and claim here in 1873. There was a single cottonwood tree standing close to the present site of his house and Mr. Summers gave the place the name of Lone Tree, and, when in President Cleveland's first administration he secured the establishment of a postoffice, he suggested this name and it was adopted by the postoffice department. Mrs. Summers was com- missioned as the first postmaster and was the incumbent of the office for nearly five years. Mr. Summers has been much in public life. He was a member of the territorial legislature from Uinta county in the Eighth and Ninth Terri- torial Assemblies, took a conspicuous part in connection with the "maverick" bill and was also very energetic in securing proper legisla- tion in the interests of schools and of irrigation. In many ways his legislative action tended largely to the benefit of the people and he also gave able assistance toward securing the loca- tion of the State Insane Asylum at Evanston. He is a Democrat in politics, has been a justice of the peace and a school trustee of the Lone Tree district for a number of years, and he joined the Odd Fellows years ago. His home is one of the model places of western Wyoming and he now owns two ranches on' Henry's Fork, aggregating 1,280 acres, all under fence, to- gether with valuable realty in Evanston, con- sisting of a large brick residence, a large frame dwelling and a commodious barn, 30x90 feet in size. In addition to his home ranches he con- trols an area of leased land, which he uses as range in his extensive stock operations, that have attained magnificent proportions, he own- ing large herds of finely-graded Hereford cat- tle and excellent horses. • Mr. Summers was married at Evanston, Wyo., in December, 1873, with Miss Annie Hoops, a daughter of John and Mary A. (Baldwin) Hoops, natives of Illi- nois and Missouri, her own birth occurring in Provo, Utah. They have three children, Lola May, wife of "Gus" Custer of Park City, Utah; Sterling, married with Kittie Legert, and living at Lone Tree ; Grover, a student of the Evans- ton high school in the class of 1903. JOSEPH LYTLE. It has been very truthfully said of an emin- ent man of the olden time that he did things worthy to be written about, that he wrote things worthy to be read, that he, by his life, contributed to the benefit of the people and to the happiness of mankind. Any man on whom this transcen- dent eulogy may be truthfully pronounced, in even a modified degree, is entitled to the profound gratitude of his fellows, and, nowhere in the ex- tended expanse of the commonwealth of Wyo- ming, can there be found an individual to whom this statement will apply in greater degree than to the gentleman whose name heads this brief review, for there is not a line of activity, mental, moral or industrial, existing in all of the region of his residence, in which his energetic nature has not made a beneficial impression, or which has failed to receive the potent stimulus of his aid and influence. Business, political, moral, in- tellectual, society and social endeavors, all, have been profited by his forceful service, while the progressive civilization of the rapidly expand- ing section of Wyoming, where is located the seat of his fruitful accomplishments, has been 644 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. largely benefited by his wise counsel and sympa- thy, in both municipal and county affairs. The suggestive ideas that have emanated from his fertile brain, expressed both in conversation and in print, have been not only sought and appre- ciated, but have ever proved a pregnant source of help. While his forceful activity in these di- rections would of themselves entitle him to dis- tinctive representation in this volume, it has been his deep sympathy with all forms of suffer- ing, and his sincere and abiding interest in his fellow men, his desire for the general and indi- vidual uplift of the community which has espec- ially endeared him to all. He has ever rejoiced in the good fortune and happiness of others, and no man has ever been more ready to aid in tan- gible evidences of sympathy in times of distress or, in accordance with his means, more liberal in his benefactions. Joseph Lytle was born in Mis- souri on July 22, 1870, being the second son of Henry and Virginia D. Lytle. The family re- moved to Kansas in 1874 and to the Black Hills ten years later, arriving at Sundance, Wyo., on June 3, 1884. Young Lytle attended the coun- try and city schools, and at the age of sixteen years successfully passed the examination for a teacher's certificate. Being of poor parentage, he worked for wages during the summer months and in this way, not only contributed to the sus- tenance of the large family of which he was a member, but also managed to earn sufficient funds to keep himself in school. Like most early settlers on the frontier, young Lytle was sub- jected to privations which severely tested his mettle, and which showed him to be a boy of indomitable courage. In early life his paramount desire was education, and many a day he walked without overshoes to and from school, a distance of two and one-half miles, through snow two feet deep, when the mercury hovered between thirty and forty degrees below zero. In April, 1 89 1, he began work in the mechanical depart- ment of the office of the Sundance Gazette, and, two years later, was united in marriage to Bertha Aree, the younger daughter of Attorney and Mrs. Melvin Nichols. In January, 1895, he es- tablished at Sundance the Crook County Moni- tor, a weekly newspaper, which he has personally edited and managed since its initial number was issued. In the early history of the Monitor, Mrs. Lytle was connected with its publication, being herself a practical printer, and she was instru- mental in tiding the paper over the adversities incident to its early existence. The Monitor has been the official newspaper of Crook county from the time of its establishment, being one of the most profitable business enterprises in Sundance. Mr. and Mrs. Lytle are the parents of one 'son and three daughters, Marvin, Blanche, Ruth and Mae, who add to the attractions of the pleas- ant home by their winsome grace. ANDREW P. BUG AS. The one whom we now have pleasure in placing before the readers of this work by a short review of his instructive and useful career, and whose name stands at the commencement of this writing, is Andrew Paul Bugas, a native of Austria, in Europe, in which country many gener- ations of his forefathers have been born, have labored usefully in various fields of intellectual, military and industrial activity aiid passed away to a long, dreamless sleep under the grasses of the country or in the ancient cemeteries of the cities and towns, which, walled or unwalled, thick- ly dot the surface of that rich and fertile state. His birth occurred in 1867, his parents being John and Anna (Rose) Bugas. The father, born in 1833, followed agriculture in some of its de- partments all of his very active life, until 1878 in Austria, later in Schuylkill county, Pa., until the failing health of his esteemed wife caused his return to Austria, where occurred his death on February 22, 1902. He was a resident of the United States for twenty years of useful activity, proving himself an intelligent student of the pol- icies of the young republic of America, a good citizen, a generous lover of his kind and a man devoted to his home and its inmates. John Bu- gas was a son of Lieut. Paul Bugas. a gallant officer of the Austrian armv, and his wife, Mary PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 645 Bugas. Lieutenant Bugas died In the early fif- ties, having accomplished sixty years of life, standing high in the military circles of the em- pire by reason of his learning, his military prow- ess and his unquestioned bravery. The mother of Andrew P. Bugas was a daughter of John and Anna (Ficquot) Rose, Austrians by birth and a lifetime residence. At the age of sixty-five years she is now maintaining her home in the land of her son's birth, where she was herself born, educated and married, and where her lat- er life is passing in labors tending to the eleva- tion of the home life and the amelioration of the condition of those in lower circles of life than hers. Andrew Paul Bugas, the son of these worthy parents, crossed the Atlantic in the fam- ilv emigration from Austria when he was seven- teen years old, from that time until 1885 being occupied in diligent industry in the state of Penn- sjdvania, acquiring there a facility in the English language and familiarizing himself with the man- ner and methods of conducting business opera- tions in this rapid land of the West, where Old World conditions nor methods obtain to any ex- tent, thence coming to Rock Springs, AVyoming, and engaging first in railroad work and, later, for about twelve years being one of the great army of miners here assembled. Thirsting for an education of more than a common order, at va- rious times during his mining life, he attended the night schools established for such aspiring individuals as himself, later going to Fort Scott, Kan., and availing himself of the educational ben- efits of the State Normal School there located. He had carefully husbanded his earnings, deposit- ing them in a bank as available resources to de- fray the expenses of his further education. The panic of 1893 swept the bank out of existence, his money earned by so much labor was lost to him and his further school attendance was thus prevented. Stopping not to mourn over the un- attainable, Mr. Bugas returned to mining, at which he labored until 1898, when, having ac- cumulated a small, but valuable, capital, in as- sociation with two partners, he engaged in trade in the several branches of grocery, bakery and saloon business. After two vears of this associa- tion in trade, he formed a partnership with M. Riddle in a saloon which they have conducted with a large patronage from that time in their present location. From his first life in America Mr. Bugas has been in political harmony with the Republican party in both general and local politics, and by his wise counsels and strong personal endeavors, he has been a source of strength to his party in the county, which he now ably represents in the State Legislature, to which he was elected in the last election previous to this writing. Never having assumed matri- monial relations, Mr. Bugas finds some compen- sation for this loss in the social circles of the following fraternal organizations, in which he holds memberships : The Knights of Pythias, Ancient Order of United Workmen, the Eagles, and the National Slavonic Society of the United States. WILLIAM R. DAVIS. Almost an insignificant speck on the map of the world, that little portion of Great Britain, from time immemorial holding its racial integrity and name as the land of Wales, has exercised a weight}'- and most potent influence upon the life of the great empire of which it is a most val- uable constituent part. Its people ever have been active and alert in the maintenance of their lib- erties, the diminutive kingdom never losing its autonomy until the vastly superior number of its opponents had well nigh exterminated its brave sons. From early days the Welsh people have been leaders in the realms of iron and tin manu- facture, employing, in its mines of these metals and of coal, the finest product of its citizenship and manhood. A marked characteristic of this country and one source of its wonderful influ- ence upon other people, an influence entirely out of proportion to its diminutive size, is the custom of giving its boys the advantage in life of a full, technical knowledge of some good trade, by which, and through which, they may not only maintain and retain their financial independence, but largely add to the wealth of any community in which thev may establish their homes. Their 6 4 6 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. path in life may not be marked by marble mile- stones or wind along the dizzy heights of- fame's perilous eminences, the mighty ones of earth may not stand in awe of them, or even note their ex- istence, but, in a quiet, productive, but truly un- ostentatious manner, they go forth into the world and become most valuable citizens, adding to the wealth, the happiness and the security of the land they live in. The truth of this statement is exemplified every day and has been exemplified in every year in Wyoming since the pioneer fron- tiersman first wakened its echoes to the songs of civilization. In this review we propose to give a brief synopsis of the salient events in the an- cestry and life of one of the most highly respected of the quiet workers of Rock Springs, who for many years has been a producer and not a con- sumer of the labor of others, who has for thirty years walked the streets of his resident cities of this' state, leading such a life and doing such deeds that the tongue of slander or scandal has never dared to roll his name as a sweet morsel in its evil course and causing all good citizens to consider him as a man void of offense toward God and man. We allude to William R. Davis, who was born in 1844 i n the southern part of Wales, as a son of the marriage of Joseph and Elizabeth Davis. The ancestral lines of both parents for centuries had been riveted to the mountains of Wales, where the families had ever been conspicuous in love of liberty and in the useful activities with which they were con- nected. Joseph long lived on his native soil, la- boring steadily at his trade of carpentry until the year of his death, 1885, when death took him before he had attained sixty years of life. He long survived his wife, who died not long after the birth of her son, William. Until he was six- teen years of age, William R. Davis remained in his native land, then was called across the At- lantic by the siren voice of the mighty western continent, yet scarcely awake to the greatness and splendor of its existence. Amply equipped for the competitive struggle and life of a new existence in a land of strangers by a thorough knowledge of blacksmithing and ironworking, after his landing in New York in 1867, Mr. Da- vis followed blacksmithing in Trumbull county, Ohio, for five years, in Brazil, Ind., for fifteen months, in 1873 coming to Rock Springs and becoming identified and connected with its mam- moth coal industry for a few months, and then, for a brief period of time, again, at Cheyenne, working at his trade, thence returning to Rock Springs, and, from that time to the present, be- ing employed as a blacksmith by the Union Pa- cific Railroad. A quiet gentleman, the rough elements of society have no attractions for him, but in the teachings and the exemplifications of the work of the local lodge of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, he finds instruction and enjoyment. In 1872 occurred the marriage cere- monies of Mr. Davis and Miss Sarah Thomas, also a native of the south of Wales, being a daughter of Thomas and Anna (Lewis) Thomas, also natives of Wales. After a happy wedded life of thirteen years, Mrs. Davis, who was a lady of deep religious life and experiences, who also greatly enjoyed to be employed in the work of making her home attractive and in adding to the comforts of its inmates, was called to a high- er life in 1885, at the age of forty years, being the mother of the following named children : Thomas, Joseph, Elizabeth, Anna, Edward and Morgan, now living; William, Rachel and an infant child being with the mother on the other side of the dark death river. HON. FRANK WHEELER MONDELL. Our great mother Nature flings her bounties with lavish and seemingly capricious hand before her children, and then apparently abandons her benefactions, leaving them to any fate that may befall them. But in the eye of a true discern- ment she bears them ever in her faithful memory, and, when the proper moment comes, brings forth the powers to develop them and put them in circulation, and provides the required leaders for those productive forces. In what is now the new, but growing and progressive, state of Wyoming she laid away ages ago a mighty wealth of mineral resources and favored it with a surrounding empire of agricultural and com- Ej-Q by H=nr H ' /yuyf\ PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 647 mercial possibilities. And when the hour was ripe, she sent an industrial army here to occupy and subdue the untamed domain and develop, people and possess it. Among the great captains of this army, of later if not of the earliest date, is Hon. Frank Wheeler Mondell, a native of St. Louis, Missouri, where he was born on Novem- ber 5, i860, who has been since 1887 a useful citizen and a leader of thought and industrial activity in Wyoming, as well as of development, Mr. Mondell's father became one of the verv early settlers at Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin, and removed from there to St. Louis with his family in 1858. During the Civil War he was a cap- tain in the First Missouri Volunteers and saw much active and arduous service in the South- west. He was a man of great natural ability, and noted for his courage and unusual physical strength. The mother before her marriage was Miss Nancy Gould, of Cold Springs, Wisconsin. She was a woman of earnest Christian faith and great amiability and sweetness of character. In 1864 she died, and Mr. Mondell was doubly- orphaned by the death of his father, a year and a half later. When the family was thus broken up, the other children, two girls and three boys, remained in St. Louis, while Frank was taken by his stepmother to her relatives near Monona, Iowa. With them he lived until her death, about two years later, and then went to make his home with the family of a Congregational minister named Upton, on his homestead in Dickinson county, Iowa, remaining there until 1878, and while Mr. Upton was engaged in preaching in the neighborhood the youth was developing the homestead and carrying on the farming oper- ations. He attended school in St. Louis a short time before leaving that city, and while living with his stepmother's relatives near Monona had the advantage of two or three terms' school- ing. There were no schools in the vicinity of the Upton homestead in Dickinson county, un- til several years after he went there, but by judicious reading and study, under the superin- tendence of Mr. Upton, he acquired a fund of useful information, and by his labors on the farm and the hunting and trapping incident to the life of the frontier, he developed firmness of fiber and flexibility of function, resourcefulness and self-reliance, and armed with these and an indomitable spirit, being moreover, discouraged with farm life by the continued ravages of grass- hoppers and a series of droughts, he dared fate into the lists by going to Chicago in 1878 on a cattle train to make his own way in the world, beginning the battle of life for himself with less than two dollars as the sum of his worldly wealth. He remained in the great city nearly two years, employed in various capacities in mercantile es- tablishments, but, dissatisfied with the outlook, he came west to Denver in 1880. There he ac- cepted the first opportunity for employment that offered, engaging as teamster for a firm doing construction work and rapidly rising within a few active months to the position of manager. This firm early going out of business, he ob- tained employment with one engaged in railroad building in the mountains of Colorado, beginning as commissary clerk and "stable boss" in one of their camps and continuing in their employment as foreman, manager, etc., until the autumn of 1887, when he came to northeastern Wyoming, with a view of prospecting for and developing coal properties. Thus on September 12, 1887, Mr. Mondell's useful life in this state began. He built his cabin about four miles northwest of where Newcastle stands, and began the develop- ment work which resulted in the opening of the Cambria mines, the establishment of the town of Newcastle, the extension of the Burlington & Missouri Railroad to that point and through northeast Wyoming, and the quickening and ex- pansion of every element of industrial, commer- cial, political and social progress in that sec- tion of the country. The winter of 1887-8 was spent in prospecting and late in 1888 the Cam- bria coal field was definitely located ; then fol- lowed, under Mr. Mondell's inspiration and management, the developing of the mines, the location of the town and the opening of the oil resources of the region. At the first city election in Newcastle in 1889 he was elected mayor of the town and served four successive terms. In 1890 he was elected state senator to represent 648 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. Crook county, which then included what is now Weston county, in the First State Legislature, and in the Second Legislative Assembly was elected •president of the senate, being at the time the youngest member of the body save one. In 1894 he declined the nomination of his party for governor of the state, but accepted that for representative in the Federal, Congress and was triumphantly elected. Two years later the silver wave lost him his seat, he being the only Repub- lican member of the- Fifty-fourth Congress from the Inter-Mountain states who ran as a straight Republican in the election of 1896 and supported McKinley for President. In the fall of 1897 he was appointed assistant commissioner of the gen- eral land office at Washington and served with credit until March 3, 1899, resigning on that date to resume his place as a member of the U. S. House of Representatives from his state, having been elected in the preceding fall by a large ma- jority. He was reelected to the Fifty-seventh and Fifty-eighth Congresses, receiving in the last contest the distinctive majority of 6,916. Mr. M on dell's record in Congress has ever been highly creditable to himself and very serviceable to the people of his state and the whole North- west. He received early recognition as a very well-posted man, particularly with reference to the public lands and other western matters, and as an earnest and efficient member and a logical and forceful speaker. His legislative zeal and acumen have been crystallized in a number of laws of great value to the West, his most notable work in this respect, perhaps, having been his championship and management of the national irrigation law which was approved by President Roosevelt on June 17, 1902, and is the most im- portant legislation for the West that has been enacted since the homestead law. At every stage of this great legislative creation, from its incep- tion to its final approval by the President, Mr. Mondell's close personal attention was unremit- ting and most potential for good. He reported the bill to the house from the committee on irri- gation, had charge of it during the debate and its passage through the house, defended its pro- visions in a logical, forceful and convincing speech, in opening the debate, and Avith great energy and astuteness thereafter from time to time, watching over it with a sleepless vigilance until its approval was formally reported from the Executive Mansion. On May 13, 1899, Mr. Mondell was united in marriage with Miss Ida Harris, a daughter of Dr. William Harris, of Laramie, and has one child, his daughter, Doro- thy, born March 27, 1900. Doctor Harris is one of the most substantial and influential citizens of the state. His professional labors have been arduous and serviceable beyond the common ex- perience, his citizenship has been strong and stimulating, and his activity in behalf of every good enterprise for the advancement of the com- munity has been helpful and wise to a marked degree. Mr. and Mrs. Mondel are social factors of prominence and influence both in Wyoming and in Washington. Their home at each place is a center of refined and gracious hospitality. ALEXANDER T. CHALICE. A silver thread of harmony and law runs through the entire mass of nature, inert and sen- tient. The attraction of the sun holds all of the planets and their revolving satellites in unerring courses, while equally powerful and effective is the law of mentality and the power of mind over matter. Not less pronounced nor less savoring of energy is the effect of matter upon mind. As an illustration, note the effect of mountain scen- ery upon humanity. This affects, not only indi- viduals, but communities and peoples. Dwellers in mountainous countries appear to draw from the lonely grandeur and firmness of these eleva- tions their characteristics, manifesting to the other nations of the earth a love of liberty stronger than that of life, a firmness akin to that of the granite pinnacles towering above them, an earnestness and faithfulness unequaled by that of the sentinel peaks that have watched the courses of the sun and stars from the dawn of creation. The mountains have preserved and perpetuated the republic of Switzerland. The mountains are responsible for the rugged virtue of the Scots. In the frugality, industry, honesty PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 649 and patriotism, which have ever been the lead- ing traits of this eminently sagacious, wise and also eminently practical and successful people, is reflected the influence of Ben Nevis, the Gram- pian Hills and the thousand other lone and ma- jestic peaks that rear their forms heavenward, piercing the dense mist-clouds that hover on their sides. The Scotch mountains have sent thou- sands of their typical sons to impress their at- tributes upon the new home of freedom on the western side of the Atlantic, and they have done, and are doing, their work well in all parts of this great republic. The cities of- the East own their strength and influence, the Ohio, Mississippi and Missouri valleys have felt their potent, vivifying agency, while the plains and mountains of the Farther West, as well as the Pacific coast, re- spond to the sympathetic touch of a people so akin to their own rugged, energetic and powerful conditions. Everywhere the Scotchman is in evidence. Everywhere he is doing something, occupying public stations most capably, build- ing railroads and new centers of industrial activ- ity, delving in the bosom of Mother Earth for her hidden treasures. One of these sons of Scotland, who has long been connected with the latter de- partment of Wyoming's industries, is Alexander T. Chalice, of Rock Springs, Sweetwater county, who for long years has given of his industry, his intelligence and his ability to mining and other enterprises, and stands to-day a representative and useful citizen of the state of his adoption and the city of his residence. He was born in Scotland in 1856, a son of John and Charlotte A. (Thompson) Chalice, whose ancestors from the early dawn of time trod the rough land of his nativity, active factors in its feuds, its wars and its peaceful pursuits. In the western part of Scotland the ancestral home was situated. Here the father was born, a son of an older John, who became a believer in the new faith of the Latter Day Saints, that changed his inherited Pres- byterian belief into new channels of religious thought and wafted him across the broad At- lantic to Illinois, whence, after several years of agricultural life, he crossed the wide western plains on the long emigrant trail, locating for his last days in Utah, where he was a diligent farmer until his death. His wife, Ann, whose mind could not be drawn into the new channel of religion, remained i'n Scotland until her death. The father of Alexander brought his family to America under the same mystic influence that caused the emigration of his father, from 1868 to 1875 conducting agriculture in Utah, then, at Rock Springs, Wyo., devoting ten years of most diligent application to labor, thereafter return- ing to the land of his birth, where he died in 1887, aged sixty-nine years. A quiet, home-loving man, aside from his religious books, he was an appreciative reader of scientific and industrial works. Ever a man of piety, he was one of the best of citizens. His wife, Charlotte, born in Scotland, was early instructed and well-grounded by her mother, Margaret, in the tenets of the Presbyterian faith, to which she adhered faith- fully through life, becoming the faithful mother of twelve children and dying at Rock Springs in 1885, at the age of seventy-one years. Her son, Alexander, came in childhood to Utah with his parents, and, on their little farm in that new land, early became familiar with work and the responsibilities of life, at an early age becoming connected with mining operations at Eureka, Utah, in the spring of 1873 migrating thence to Rock Springs and there following mining until 1883. For the next six years he was a popular saloon proprietor, in 1889 turning his attention to the livery business, in which he is still occu- pied. Always a man of the people, he has ever been a consistent Democrat in political faith, and, in 1886, he was elected as a member of the terri- torial Legislature. In 1889 occurred his mar- riage with Miss Anna Wooley, whose father, James, was a native of England, and her mother, Sarah, of Canada, where Mrs. Chalice herself was born. Her parents came from their Cana- dian home to Greeley, Colo., where they located their permanent residence. A daughter, Irene, and a son, George H., round out and complete the Chalice homestead circle, Mr. Chalice being also a member of the following fraternal soci- eties : Modern Woodmen of America, Ancient Order of United Workmen and Royal Neighbors.. 650 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. DARWIN D. WALLACE. Among the successful stockmen of Laramie county, Wyoming, is the subject of this review, Darwin D. Wallace. Trained to mercantile pur- suits, he was compelled by failing health to en- gage in the more healthful occupations of ranch- ing and stockraising, and he has met with a most gratifying success in his new field of endeavor. He is a native of the Empire state, born in St. Lawrence county, on October 28, 1859, being the son of William D. and Charlotte E. (Lewis) Wallace, both natives of New York. His patern- al grandfather was a native of Scotland, who came to America in early life, settling first in New Hampshire, but afterwards removing to the state of New York, where he engaged in farm- ing in St. Lawrence county, in which county his son, William D., also followed the same occu- pation until his death, which occurred there on June 28, 1 901. The mother's death occurred in March, 1881, and she awaits the resurrection in the pleasant village cemetery, resting by the side of her husband. The subject of this sketch grew to man's estate in St. Lawrence county, and _ there received his early education in the public schools. Subsequently, he attended the academy at Watertown, N. Y., and, upon completing his course of study at that institution, entered a mili- tary academv at Buffalo, that state, where he re- mained in close study for two years. In 1877, upon the completion of his education, desiring to engage in mercantile pursuits, and believing that the opportunities in the states farther west were greater than in his native state, he left his patern- al home and came to Iowa. Here he established himself in the city of Mechanicsville, where he opened a merchandising establishment, which he conducted successfully for about five years. In 1882 he disposed of his business and property in Mechanicsville, and removed his residence to the city of Chicago, where he became a traveling salesman of the large wholesale drug house of H. E. Bucklen & Co. He remained with this concern about one year and then came to the city of Cheyenne, Wyo. Here he became connected with the wholesale grocery house of G. A. Draper, and remained in his employ until 1884, when he accepted a responsible position at Camp Carlin in the employ of the U. S. government, in which he continued until 1887. He then resigned this position, and entered the employ of E. S. John- ston & Co., grocers, as a salesman, remaining with that firm five years. He then withdrew from that business for the purpose of engaging in business for himself, and in 1892 he came to the site of the city of Wheatland. He was one of the earliest of the pioneers of that section, there being then but three houses in Wheatland. -He at once entered upon the hotel business in that new place, putting up a suitable building, which he named the Globe Hotel. He conducted a suc- cessful and popular hotel business for three years, and his progressive spirit and public enterprise did much to build up Wheatland and the sur- rounding country. In 1895, his failing health warned him that he must engage in out-of-door pursuits, to restore his strength and health, which had been seriously endangered by his close at- tention to business. He therefore sold his hotel property and purchased the ranch which he now occupies, situated about four miles south of the city of Wheatland. Here he has a fine place, well fenced and improved, with a modern brick cottage residence, and is successfully engaged in the raising of horses and cattle. He also does considerable business in the buying and selling of cattle and horses, and is looked upon as one of the substantial business men of the county. On March 25, 1884, Mr. Wallace was united in marriage, at Mechanicsville, Iowa, with Miss Car- rie L. Park, a native of Iowa and a daughter of George and Margarita (Brunton) Park, natives of Indiana. The parents of Mrs. Wallace emi- grated from their native state to Iowa in the early fifties, and settled in the city of Mechanicsville. where the father was engaged in the dual busi- ness of contracting and building until his death, which occurred in 1870. He was buried at Me- chanicsville, where his widow is now living. To their union one child was born. Hazel, who died on May 20, 1901, at the age of eleven years, and was buried in Wheatland. Fraternally. Mr. Wal- lace is affiliated with the order of the Woodmen of the World at Wheatland, Wyo. Politically, he is a stanch adherent of the Democratic party, PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 651 and while he has never sought or desired political preferment, he takes an active interest in all matters calculated to promote the public welfare. He is a man of education and refinement, whose sterling qualities of character have won for him a high place in the esteem of his fellow citizens, and whose business ability, thrift and public spirit have given him a foremost place in the ranks of successful business men. j MRS. JENNIE WALLACE. The subject of this sketch is the widow of Otis Wallace, who was long a prominent ranch and stockman, residing about twenty-five miles southeast of Laramie, Wyoming, where Mrs. Wallace now resides, engaged in conducting a successful and prosperous stock business. Otis Wallace was a native of Nova Scotia, where he was born in 1853, being the son of Thomas and Elizabeth (Bennett) Wallace, both natives of Nova Scotia, where he grew to manhood and received his early education. When he had ar- rived at the age of nineteen years, he made the long journey across the continent from the home of his youth in Nova Scotia to Box Elder, Colo., where he remained for a short time, and then came to Dale Creek, Wyo., where he purchased a ranch, on which he engaged in the business of raising cattle. In 1885 he was united in mar- riage with Miss Jennie Williams, purchased the ranch now occupied by the widow, and there con- tinued in the successful management of his ex- panding cattle business. In 1886 he was taken suddenly ill of a disease from which' he died soon after, leaving the fine ranch property to the wid- ow, Mrs. Jennie Wallace. She also is a native of Nova Scotia, where she was born in 1855, the daughter of Patrick and Mary Ann Williams. The father was also a native of Nova Scotia, born in 1812. He resided in his native country, • engaged in farming up to the time of his de- cease, which occurred in 1891, and lies buried in Nova Scotia. He was the son of John and Fan- nie (Hays) Williams, the former a native of Ire- land, and the latter born in the United States. The mother of Mrs. Wallace was a native of Nova Scotia, born in 1819. She was married in 1837, passed away from earth in 1893, and was buried in her native country. She was the daugh- ter of John and Mary (Fenton) . Wallace, the former a native of Scotland and the ! atter of London, England. She was a remarkable wo- man and the mother of thirteen children, of whom ten are now living, Mrs. Wallace being her ninth child. Mr. Wallace was an active and prominent member of the Republican party, and took a lead- ing part in public affairs. Had he survived, his conspicuous ability would have given him a prom- inent place both in the business and political life of the community where he maintained his home. His untimely death deprived the state of a val- ued citizen, and the business world of one who would have made his mark as a successful man- ager of large business enterprises. The fine prop- erty which he left has been largely added to by his widow since his decease, and she has proved herself a competent and able business woman. She enjoys the respect and esteem of a large circle of friends and acquaintances, beingone of the substantial property owners of her section. JOHN WALTERS. Among the developing, producing, civilizing elements of the great American people none is entitled to more credit, or has been of more sub- stantial service than the thrifty and all-subduing German. He is one of those great toilers in any field of labor, whose energy never flags, whose patience never falters, whose courage never quails and whose industry never tires. With a hand, kind as well as skillful, he smooths the rugged surface of the wilderness and persuades it to comeliness and fertility. If a mine is to be de- veloped, he digs and delves, with unwavering fidelity, until its treasures are laid, open to the light of day and made ready for the use and bene- fit of man. If a state is to be built, he aids in laying its foundations, broad and deep, on the common sense of human needs, erecting its super- structure along the lines of civil and moral ex- cellence. A scion of this sturdy race, John Wal- ters, of the Canyon Creek Prairie, of Weston 652 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. county, Wyoming, has well exemplified in his career in this favored region, the sterling traits of his ancestry and the most desirable character- istics of good citizenship. He is a native of the Fatherland, where he was born on August 21, 1852, and where his parents, John and Mary ( Wurster) Walters, passed their childhood, youth and early maturity, and where their ancestors had lived from time immemorial. In 1854 the parents emigrated to America, and, locating in what is now Grant county, Wisconsin, in their day a wild western frontier, they entered into the spirit of conquest of the wilderness that was char- acteristic of the place and time, and gave their loyal- efforts to the development of the country. The father followed sawmilling, farming and millbuilding, industries much needed in a new region as yet almost untouched by the ax of the woodsman, continuing these occupations until his death, in 1892, and, in the section hallowed to her by his labors, his widow still resides. Mr. Walters remained with his parents on the home- stead until he reached his majority, attending the public schools of the neighborhood and assisting his father at the mills and on the farm. In 1873 he started his own life work, going to Nebraska, and, after remaining in Beatrice two years, he removed to Kansas and took employment with the surveying outfit of the Burlington & Mis- souri Railroad. Three and one-half years he spent in this service, then followed freighting from Buffalo Gap to Newcastle and Cody until 1885. In that year he took up land on Divide, near Newcastle, and remained on it one year, then, during the next five years time, he was in the employ of the Kilpatrick Brothers, teaming and freighting, in 1901 purchasing his present ranch on Canyon Creek Prairie, lying twenty- one miles from Newcastle, where he has since been engaged in farming and raising stock, be- ing recognized as one of the representative citi- zens and leading farmers. At Newcastle, Wvo.. on October 8, 1898, he was united in marriage with Miss Emma Bonte, a native of Illinois, of French ancestry. They have one child, a son, who bears his father's name, John. Mr. Walters is a Republican in politics and gives all matters of public local interest his careful and conscien- tious attention, rendering valued service in every enterprise for the improvement of the community and the development of its needs and resources. EDWARD E. VAN DYKE. Edward E. Van Dyke, now of Cody, Bighorn county, one of the most renowned hunters and guides in this part of the world, is a native of New York state, where he was born in 1863. He attended school until he was about sixteen years of age, then started on an extensive tour of the United States,' visiting every section and every state by easy stages, lingering here awhile , and working there a little as inclination or ne- cessity moved him, having a good time in his own way and in his own manner, gathering the fund of that extensive general information con- cerning men and places, which makes him so shrewd and successful in his chosen vocation, and so entertaining a raconteur. In 1877 he came to Wyoming, and, making Cook City his headquarters, he engaged actively in hunting and trapping, serving also as a guide for tour- ists and hunting parties as occasion gave op- portunity. In 1883, desiring to have a more set- tled occupation and a permanent home, he came to the Bighorn country, and, taking up land on which he now lives, he there began an industry in cattleraising, which he has since then conduct- ed and greatly increased in volume and value. His ranch is a good one, well located and well adapted to his purposes, and his herd is com- posed principally of well-bred cattle. He owns 640 acres of land, which furnishes sufficient vari- ety in character and products, to make him a suc- cessful farmer, and provide both winter food and convenient headquarters for his operations, which have an extensive range for his stock. He still follows hunting and trapping, and, as had been noted, is renowned in these lines throughout -a wide extent of country. In fact, his fame as a hunter and guide is coextensive with the continent, he having piloted hunting parties through this region from all parts of PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 653 the country. Like the game he hunts, he is fleet of foot and strong of limb, quick and keen of perception, and, when in search of a quarry he never fails to make a good "find." He seems to be a woodsman by instinct, and his natural en- dowment in this respect has been well trained and developed by long and trying practice. He was married at Deer Lodge, Mont., to Miss Nel- lie Caple, a native of Michigan. They have one child, their daughter, Edna. WILLIAM COFFEY. A native of Ireland, where his birth occurred in 1849, William Coffey is descended paternally from French ancestry, his mother's people being of English lineage. William Coffey, his paternal grandfather, was born in France and there mar- ried Marcely Plunkett, or Plonquette, also a na- tive of that country. Shortly after' their mar- riage this couple removed to the Emerald Isle, wdiere they reared their family and passed the re- mainder of their lives, both dying a number of years ago in County Westmeath. Among their children was a son by the name of John, who was born in the above county and there died in 1854. His wife, also a native of Westmeath, bore the maiden name of Rose Dotten. She was the daughter of Michael and Bridget (Reed) Dotten, of England, both going to Ireland when young and living the rest of their days in that country. Mrs. Coffey spent all of her life in County West- meath, dying there about nine years ago at the age of sixty-three. William Coffey, of this re- view, is the son of John and Rose Coffey, men- tioned above. He remained at home until he had attained the age of sixteen, when he left the parental roof and went to England, where, during the ensuing five or six years, he worked at coal mining. In 1882 he came to the United States, and, soon after landing, made his way to the coal regions of Pennsylvania, where he was engaged in mining for a period of five years. Hearing favorable reports from the mining dis- tricts of Wyoming, and being desirous of taking advantage of the opportunities which obtained there, he severed his connection with his Penn- sylvania employers in 1887 and came to Sweet- water county, this state, engaging in the mining business near Rock Springs soon after his ar- rival. He continued mining with encouraging success until 1897, when, by reason of injuries which materially affected his eyes, he was com- pelled to retire from active life and seek easier em- ployment than manual labor. Meanwhile, in 1892, he was elected on the Democratic ticket as a justice of the peace for Rock Springs, and, on retiring from the mines, he devoted his entire attention to the duties of this office, which he has continued to hold by successive reelection to the present time. He has proved an able and exem- plary judicial officer, much important litigation having been brought to his court and properly adjudicated therein. His decisions are character- ized by a strict adherence to the statutes govern- ing the cases tried before him and few of them have suffered reversal at the hands of higher courts. He is well versed in the fundamental principles of jurisprudence, has a profound re- gard for justice, and endeavors always to be guid- ed by equity, as well as by the law, in rendering judgments. As a man, Mr. Coffey is genial and courteous in his social relations but very positive in his convictions of right. He is thoroughly de- voted to the interests of his city and county, as- sists to the extent of his ability all measures hav- ing for their object the material, moral and intel- lectual improvement of the community and stands high in the confidence and esteem of his fellow citizens. Fraternally, he holds membership with both the Knights of Pythias and Order of Eagles, being an active worker in each organization, and at different times he has held in them important official positions. Mr. Coffey is a married man, the father of- four children, whose names are Christopher, Rosanna, John and William. Mrs. Coffey, formerly Miss Catherine Langdon, is a native of Pennsylvania and a daughter of Patrick and Bridget (Bilbo) Langdon, both parents hav- ing their birth in Ireland. The very felicitous marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Coffey was solemnized in 1887. 654 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. PATRICK J. QUEALY. The founder of the town' of Kemmerer, Wyo- ming, as well as one of its most prominent citi- zens and men of affairs, is a native of Ireland, himself and his ancestors, for over 200 years back, being native in County Clare of that Emerald Isle. Patrick J. Quealy was born on March 17, 1857, the youngest of the eight children of John and Margaret (Fennell) Quealy. John Quealy was born in 1808. He learned the trade of carpen- try, but, shortly after his marriage, he turned to farming in his native land, purchasing the land adjoining the old homestead, then occupied by his eldest,, and only, brother Michael. The old homestead was not only the most valuable, but al- so the most beautiful property in the village of Kiltrelig. This was the ancient home of the Quealys and of' all of Patrick J. Quealy 's ances- tors on that side of the house. Its occupants have been the agents and representatives of the Peck- ington estate as far back as the family can be traced, this estate being the largest and most val- uable one in the west of Clare. The family was, therefore, the most prominent and influential family residing in that section. Being over gen- erous during the famine of 1848, the pestilence, and the hard times that followed, his estate be- came so reduced that he emigrated to America in 1863 and settled in Newtown, Conn., where he turned to the lines of his early trade for an occu- pation and was employed in car building in va- rious places in the Eastern States. In 1876, he came to Wyoming to join his three sons, Michael, Lawrence and Thomas, all of whom had emigrat- ed to Wyoming in 1868, and who had become leading and influential citizens. He spent the re- mainder of his days in retirement at Carbon, where he died on June 3, 1883, his interment oc- curring at Laramie. He was an honest, loyal man, and following the faith of his ancestors, he was a devoted member of the Catholic church. His parents were Michael and Margaret (Gor- man) Quealy. Margaret (Fennell) Quealy, the wife of John and the mother of Patrick J. Quealy. was born in 1812. She was married in her native county of Clare, and she died in Carbon, Wyo., in 1 891, having survived her husband about eight years. She also is buried at Lara- mie, beside her husband and her son, Thomas, who was accidentally killed at Como, Colo., on June 11, 1866. She was a member of the Cath- olic church, to which,, and to her family she was most devoted. She was the daughter of Thomas and Nora (Keane) Fennell, of Fodera, Ireland, where the- old homestead of the Fennells and her father is still maintained as the home of her eld- est brother, John. This homestead has succeed- ed to the eldest son of the family for over 300 years. She was herself the mother of eight chil- dren, all of whom lived to do her homage, and to become themselves respected, and, some of them distinguished, citizens. Michael Quealy, the eldest son, is a most pro- gressive man and a distinguished citizen of Car- bon county. He led the way for the younger boys, who followed his example and his business inclinations by taking up coal mining in Mis- souri, thence came to Wyoming in 1868 and took charge of the Wardell mines at Almy, near Ev- anston, then supplying the Union Pacific Rail- road. He remained with the Union Pacific Coal Co., which absorbed the Wardell properties, until he took up ranching and stockraising in Carbon county, where he' now makes his home, having ac- cumulated an ample fortune. Lawrence Quealy, the second son., followed in the footsteps of Michael in the coal mines of Missouri and Wyoming, took to ranching and stockraising, distinguished himself as a member of the Legislature of 1884, having therein cham- pioned several important measures which are now upon the statutes as laws. Thomas Quealy, the thircTson, followed Mich- ael's footsteps in coal mining. He was a natural engineer and was considered one of the ablest men in his line in the state. Before he was twen- ty years old he was given charge of mines in Missouri, and continued to rapidly advance in his profession until his accidental death at Como, Colo., which occurred while he was in charge as superintendent of the Union Pacific Coal Co.'s interests in that state. His death took place on Tune 11, 1886. bv falling accidentally from the .-^a** / PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 655 roof of a box car, which he was dropping over the grade from his office to the mine dump. Thomas was the most talented and promising young man in the family,, as well as the most be- loved and exemplary. Of the four daughters of the family two were married in Connecticut in good families. Mar- garet to Thomas Lynch, Catherine to Daniel Lynch. The Lynches were first cousins, and both of them died in Danbury, Conn., in 1903. Margaret (Quealy) Lynch died in 1873, leaving four children, two boys and two girls. Cather- ine (Quealy) Lynch survives her husband, has five children, one of whom was recently or- dained a priest of the Jesuit order. All of the other Lynch sons and daughters are good citi- zens of Connecticut and New York City ; show- ing by their progress themselves to be worthy of their good old ancestral stock. The remaining two daughters, Mary (Quealy) Sullivan, and Bridget (Quealy) Pyle, were married in the West, Mary in Missouri and Mrs. Pyle in this state. Mrs Pyle, now a widow, resides very com- fortably situated on her homestead near Silver Creek, Neb., together with her only daughter,. Margaret. Mrs. Sullivan is the mother of four children, three boys and one girl, all natives of Wyoming, and living comfortably with their par- ents on their homestead in Carbon county, where the family is quite a prosperous one. Their only daughter, Margaret, was educated at St. Mary's Academy, Salt Lake City, and became the prin- cipal of the schools at Rawlins, but, yielding to the wishes of her parents, she now enjoys life at the paternal home. Patrick J. Quealy received his first schooling in the national schools of Ireland, later he attend- ed the public schools at Hannibal and Bevier, Mo., and still later Johnson College, of Quincy, 111., and, finally, in 1874, he was graduated from the Gem City College of the same city. Immedi- ately after his graduation he came to Evanston, Wyo., but to stop only for a few months. Going from there to Carbon, he remained at that place until September, 1875, whemhe went to Renton, Washington, where he spent two years in coal mining. Thereafter he went to British Columbia and passed one year, most of the time in the coal mines at Wellington and Nanaimo on Vancou- ver's Island, from there going to Seattle, Wash- ington, where he engaged in real-estate operations and in produce shipping. Here his attention again reverted to coal mining,, and he served two years, from 1878 to 1880, as the general foreman of the Seattle Coal & Transportation Co.'s mines at New Castle, after which he returned to Wyo- ming and accepted the position of superintendent of mines of the Union Pacific Railroad Co. at Grass Creek, Utah, Rock Springs and Carbon, Wyo. From December, 1880, to May, 1884, he was employed by the Union Pacific Coal Co. at intervals, in examination of the coal measures of Montana, Idaho, Utah and the Dakotas. In 1884 he resigned this position to engage in coal mining on his own account, making his headquarters at Bozeman, Mont. After successful operations at Timberlane, for a period of two years, he sold his interest to his partner, Hon. C. W. Hoffman, of Bozeman, having in previous years, and while he was operating in Montana, become heavily inter- ested in cattle and in ranching with his brothers in Carbon county. His brother, Thomas, dying in 1886, the administration of his estate devolved on Patrick, who, meanwhile, had been appointed state inspector of coal mines, in which office he served one year, resigning after settling up the estate of his brother, Thomas. In 1887, immed- iately after resigning as state inspector, and upon the passage of the act of Congress creating the Interstate Commerce Commission, and upon the assurance of Mr. Tom Potter, then the general manager of the Union Pacific Railroad, that he would receive fair treatment,, he organized the Rock Springs Coal Co., but, unfortunately for him, Mr. Potter soon died, and it was only by the exercise of the most heroic effort that he was able to continue with any fair degree of success, but he kept the mines in operation until the close of the year 1894, when he disposed of this valuable property for a satisfactory consideration. Upon the consummation of this deal Mr. Quealy im- mediately began to invest his capital in Uin- ta county coal lands, and, finding that more capi- tal than he could personally control, was neces- I 6 5 6 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. sary to develop the Uinta enterprise, he went east and, meeting Mr. M, S. Kemmerer in New York, he induced him to join him in forming the copartnership, this being the most important step of his life from a financial standpoint. Returning to Wyoming with ample financial becking, he continued to acquire territory, and, upon the segregation of the Oregon Short Line from the Union Pacific, in the spring of 1897, he proceeded to Boston, and arranged with, Pres. Samuel Carr, of the Oregon Short Line, to build the necessary tracks, and, upon his return to Wyoming, the development of the Kem- merer properties began. Ground was broken in grading for tracks in the latter part of June and on October 5, of the same year, the first coal was shipped to the extent of 4,000 tons for that month. The output was increased at the rate of 4,000 tons per month from No. 1 mine, until an output of 57,000 tons for one month was reached, with a total for the year ending April 30, 1901, of 513,- 329 tons, which is the largest output ever pro- duced in any one year from any one mine in either Wyoming or Utah. In the organization of the Uinta county enterprise it became necessary to organize The Kemmerer Coal Co., The Uinta Improvement Co., The Frontier Supply Co. and the town of Kemmerer, together with the copart- nership of Quealy & Kemmerer, while the com- bined assets of these corporations aggregate over $1,000,000. Mr. Quealy, as is shown in this sketch, is essentially a man of affairs, possessed of boundless activity ; but his grasp seems equal to his ambition, broad as this is. In 1900 he saw the necessity of a bank in Kemmerer to accommo- date the rapid growth in population, and the ex- panding commerce, which was then attracting the trade of the territory covering 200 miles north to the National Park. With Mr. Kemmerer he constructed a beautiful two-story stone structure to accommodate this institution, and invited the business men of the town and surrounding coun- try to join them in subscribing to the capital stock of the First National Bank of Kemmerer. Upon its reorganization he was made its president, which position he still occupies, while the bank- is one of the most prosperous financial institu- tions of the state. Mr. Quealy is also president and manager of the Frontier Supply Co., the vice- president and manager of the Kemmerer Coal Co., the vice-president and manager of the Uinta Improvement Co., the vice-president and secre- tary of the Short Line Land & Improvement Co. But these positions do not measure all of Mr. Quealy's interests. He owns one of the -largest ranches in Carbon county, having over 34,000 acres, all well stocked with" cattle and horses. He is interested in the Uinta county oil fields, being president of two of the important companies. He is the president of the Oregon-King Mining Co., one of the best mining properties in the state of Oregon. Politically, Mr. Qealy is a Democrat. His name was on the electoral ticket in both the Cleveland and Bryan campaigns and he was pres- ident of the electoral college at Cheyenne. He has many times been offered nominations for high political office, but has steadfastly refused to ac- cept, his business affairs requiring his entire time and attention. Mr. Quealy was married in 1900, with Miss Susie Quealy, a daughter of P. J. and Delia (O'Connor) Quealy, of Omaha. Neb., where Susie was born, on January 17, 1870, of parents who were natives of Ireland, and her father was for ten years a soldier in the Eng- lish army, serving with such efficiency as to be many times rewarded and decorated. with med- als for his bravery, and being also wounded in the service. He was the son of John Quealy. of County Clare, Ireland, and came to the Lhiited States after his army service. He located first in Boston, thence traveled west until he finally settled in Omaha. Neb., where he engaged in manufacturing, from which he has now retired with an ample supply of this world's means to provide for himself and family. He is a promi- nent church man,- a Republican in politics, and he is actively interested in school affairs. Mr. and Mrs. Patrick J. Quealy have been blessed with four children, all sons, only two of whom survive. Jay Ambrose and Mahlon Kemmerer, Thomas Adilis died at the age of five years in Novem- ber, 1898, and John Handy, in May. 1895. aged only thirty days. They passed away from earth in their early innocence. PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 657 JOHN D. WATSON. One of the keen, enterprising, wide-awake, progressive men of Uinta county, Wyoming, John D. Watson, now located on the old government meadow at Black Fork, three miles south of Fort Bridger, well merits review in this volume. He was born at Culpeper, Va., on April 6, 1856, a son of Joseph and Elizabeth (Brennan) Wat- son, both natives of Virginia and descending from families that have made their home in the land through the earlier and later Colonial epochs, have been distinctive factors in various departments of the state's public movements for many generations and participants in all the wars of the state from the Revolution onward. His paternal grandfather, Walter Watson, who married with a Miss Margaret Ficlau, was not only the proprietor of a large flouring mill run by water power, but -had an extensive ac- quaintanceship by means of his ownership of a popular stage line, running from Fredericksburg to Washington. The Watsons were originally from England, but the mother of our subject was of Irish extraction, her ancestors coming to America long before the Revolution. She was the daughter of Daniel and Mary J. (Abbott) Brennan, and became the mother of three sons, John D., Daniel S., and William V. She has long survived her husband, and now maintains her home with the subject of this review. John D. Watson received his educational discipline in the Virginia schools until he was nineteen, when he entered the employ of a government contrac- tor, with whom he remained from 1876 to 1880, thence proceeding to St. Louis and becoming identified with railroading until November, 1883, when, passing the succeeding winter at his old Virginia home, in the spring he went to Colo- rado, where for a year he was engaged in the nursery business. Coming to Fort Bridger in May, 1885, his first employment here was the superintendence of the fine herd of thoroughbred Hereford cattle owned by Doctor Brewster, which continued with mutual satisfaction for sixteen months, when, finding an opportunity to engage in the government transportation service as an assistant to the veteran contractor, Lot Winston, he accepted the chance. After giving accept- able labor in this direction, in 1887, he succeeded Mr. Winston as contractor in the transportation of government supplies from and to various points, but more especially to Forts Bridger and Duchesne. That the government deemed the contract an important one is evidenced by the fact that Mr. Watson furnished a bond of $10,- 000 for the faithful performance of his duty. Under his administration, however, there was no delay nor trouble. His record was the clean- est one on the books of the various posts, and, contrary to the former practice, not one of the posts was ever delayed one day in the receipt of the expected supplies. In 1888 Mr. Watson, in association with David Kay, the well-known commisssion man of Ogden, Utah, contracted to furnish fuel, feed and forage to Forts Bridger and Duchesne in Utah, Fort Russell, in Wyo- ming, and Forts Sydney, Niobrara and Robin- son, in Nebraska. It may be mentioned as of in- terest, that in one item alone, that of wood, they furnished 10,000 cords at prices varying from $4.60 to $9.00 per cOrd. In 1890 Mr. Watson individually contracted to construct four miles of the Utah Northern Railroad and applied all of his energies and capital to the task. Unfore- seen difficulties were encountered, however, and the contract proved disastrous, sweeping away all of his financial accumulations. Disappointed, but not disheartened, Mr. Watson returned to Fort Bridger, and, when the reservation was opened for settlement, he filed claim to the land where he had previously located, and there en- gaged in raising a high grade of horses, cattle and sheep. His mother also acquired a tract of 160 acres of land on the reservation which is added to the acreage he- controls. Here his ad- mitted skill and judgment is of most excellent service, and in this profitable industry he is again forging rapidly to the front, being one of the truly representative stockmen of the county. He owns a registered prize-winning ram, which car- ried off the first premium at one of the Domin- 6 5 8 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. ion exhibitions of Toronto, Canada. It sheared to within a small fraction of twenty-five pounds of wool in the spring of 1902. His herds are of the finest strain, the horses being graded Clydes- dales and his cattle, graded Durhams, and in these lines of finely-bred animals, he is truly a public benefactor, entitled to the high credit he is receiving. On February 9, 1888, Mr. Wat- son wedded with Miss Mary Sheehan, a daugh- ter of Daniel and Margaret (Connell) Sheehan, emigrants from Ireland, her mother being a daughter of Daniel Connell and a granddaughter of Daniel Ha fey, the popular Celtic poet, the families being intermingled with those of his- toric luster and patriotism. Of their children we note: Francis J., died an infant; Daniel X.; John A. ; William B. ; Marguerite Mae ; Michael C. ; Peter A. ; Elizabeth L. NICHOLAS H. WHALEN. Among the valuable contributions that Eng- land has made to the business industries of Wyo- ming, we most especially mention the gentleman whose name heads this review, Nicholas H. Whalen, who is the popular and efficient mana- ger of the U. P. Coal Co.'s store at Spring Val- ley. He is a native of England, where he was born in County Cumberland, on February 16, 1876, a son of James and Mary (Sinott) Wha- len, who were natives of Ireland and descendants from a long line of reputable ancestry in that country. James Whalen was born in 1 841, near Dublin, Ireland, a son of Luke Whalen. After an industrious life, fraught with many changes and incidents, he died at Carbon, Wyo., in 1898. He early acquired skill as a miner and wrought in the mines of England until coming to Amer- ica, where he performed the labors of a timber- man at Carbon, Wyo., until his death. His wid- ow is still residing in Carbon, at the age cf sixty-four years. The children of James and Mary (Sinott) Whalen are James, who is weigh- man at the mines of Carbon, Wyo.; Elizabeth, who is -now Mrs. John Byrnes, of Butte, Mont.: Edward, also of Carbon ; Katie, wife of Antonin Castagne, of Butte, Mont. ; James, who died in Denver, Colo., at the age of twenty-six years ; Thomas, who maintains his family residence in Butte; Nicholas H., the subject of this sketch; Luke, who died at Carbon at the age of eleven years. Nicholas H. Whalen received in England the rudiments of an excellent public education which was completed by a diligent attendance at the public schools of Carbon, Wyo. At an early ao-e, however, he commenced bv his labors to add his quota to the sustenance and maintenance of the family, engaging in the U. P. Co.'s mines at Carbon, where, among his other duties, he also drove mules for about a year. He then became connected with the mercantile department of the company's interest, his initiatory work being as the driver of the store team. He Avas soon, how- ever, promoted to a clerkship, in which he was retained for about two years, by his intelligent and capable performance of his duties render- ing himself so valuable that he was advanced to the responsible position of head clerk in the com- pany's store at Rock Springs. His devotion to the company's interests, and his intelligent com- prehension of the principles underlying mercan- tile transactions, and, also, the personal traits of character which made him so popular with the patrons of the store, caused his elevation to the managership of the Spring Valley store after satisfactorily filling his position at Rock Springs for nearly two years. As a manager, Mr. Wha- len has continued to faithfully contribute to the interests of the company, and has shown himself to be preeminently a clear-headed business man of sound integrity and a successful merchant. Un- der his administration the affairs of the store are conducted to the entire satisfaction of the company and are rapidly increasing in the amount (if the business transacted. Mr. Whalen has pos- itive views and convictions on all subjects, and in public matters his attitude is never doubtful, ■ for whatever enlists his energy, is ardently pur- sued to successful completion. He is identified with the Republican party and with the Catholic church. All in all, he is a representative of the progressive and self-made men who are mak- ing distinct improvements and impressions upon the industrial and commercial life of Wvomingf. PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 659 FRANK H. MUZZY. Frank H. Muzzy, now of Meriden, Wyoming, is a native of Illinois, having been born in that state in Will county on December 19, 1852, being also the son of Benjamin F. and Persis (Templeton) Muzzy, who were both natives of the state of New York. His father followed the occupation of farming in the state of Illin- ois, and in 1858 removed to Minnesota, and lo- cated near Mankato. Here he engaged in farm- ing until 1864, when he removed his home to Nicollet county, where he continued in the same occupation until 1893. Then he disposed of his farms and other interests, and has since been retired from active business, passing the greater portion of his time in travel and in visiting his children and relatives in different states. The lather and mother of Mr. Muzzy since 1893, when not occupied in travel, have made their residence with their son at Meriden, Wyoming. Frank H. Muzzy received his early education in the schools of the state of Minnesota, and at the age of twenty-one years he attended the State Normal School at Mankato, remaining there as a student for two years. After com- pleting his education there, he returned to his father's farm, where he resided and assisted in the management of the affairs of the family for one year. During the year of 1877 he was engaged in teachingin Blue Earth county, Minn., and in the summer of 1878, believing that he could do better in the country farther west, he visited the city of Cheyenne, Wyo. Not meet- ing with satisfactory employment at that place, he continued his way into Colorado, where he remained for two months, and then returned to Wyoming, locating on Upper Horse Creek. Here he secured employment on a sheep ranch, and remained in that employment for three years, thoroughly familiarizing himself with all details of the business of sheepraising and wool- growing. In the fall of 1881, not having been able to engage in business in Wyoming to his satisfaction, he resolved to return to Minnesota and make that state his home. Upon returning to Mankato in that year he engaged in farming, at which he continued until the fall of 1882. The attractions of the ranges and plains of Wyo- ming were still strong upon him, however, and he could not resist the longing to again try his fortunes in that favored section. Therefore, in November, 1882, he again returned to Wyoming, bringing with him his young wife, to whom he had been married less than a year. Upon their arrival they purchased the same ranch on Horse Creek where Mr. Muzzy had formerly been em- ployed, and here engaged in sheepraising and woolgrowing. In the spring of 1883 he took up his present ranch on Bear Creek, lying twenty- five miles southeast of Chugwater and fifty miles northeast of Cheyenne. The winter of 1883 and 1884 was a very severe one in Wyoming, and his loss, as was that of many others, was very heavy, his entire flock being practically destroyed, leaving him in the position of having to com- mence at the very bottom of the financial hill. He was not discouraged, however, and at once set to work with an energy, perseverance and industry which has ever marked his entire career, to repair his damaged fortunes. He then en- gaged in the cattle and horse business, and by good judgment, economy and careful attention to the management of his affairs, he has suc- ceeded in building up a handsome property and business, and has amassed a handsome compe- tency. He now owns a large and fine herd of cattle, has 440 acres of patented land, with ca- pacious areas of leased and range lands adja- cent, and well appointed barns, sheds and build- ings. Nearly all of the home ranch is under irri- gation, and Mr. Muzzy's home and surroundings bear many evidences of prosperity, thrift and re- finement. On April 4, 1882, Mr. Muzzy was united in marriage at Mankato, Minn., to Miss Pauline S. Gates, a native of Minnesota, and the daughter of Arad and Sarah (Bemis) Gates, both natives of Vermont. The parents of Mrs. Muzzy were formerly residents of the county of Nicollet, where they were engaged in farm- ing with considerable success. Later they re- moved to Blue Earth county, where they con- tinued in the same pursuit. Here her father passed away from earth in 1886, and lies buried 66o PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. in Nicollet county. Her mother is still living and resides in Mankato. Mr. and Mrs. Muzzy have four children, Chester J., Carrie E., Frank G. and Pearl L. Fraternally, Mr. Muzzy is affil- iated with the Woodmen of the World, being a member of the lodge at Cheyenne. Both he and his wife are members of the Baptist church, very active in church work, taking a deep interest in the social and charitable life of the community where they reside. Mr. Muzzy is a stanch Re- publican, ever taking an active interest in the affairs of his party, although he has never held a public office or sought political preferment. He enjoys the society of the large circle of devoted friends, to whom he has endeared himself by his many admirable traits of character and his ex- cellent record as a man. He is held in the high- est esteem by all who know him for his sterling integrity and worth. HENRY JORDAN. In a new country, where population is very sparse and the conditions of life at best are hard and full of privation, where as yet only the scouting party or advance guard of the army of civilization has encamped and is busily en- gaged in blazing and opening the way for the progress of the main body, every man who has a special craft, particularly one that ministers es- sentially to the comfort and well-being of his kind, is a most welcome addition to the camp, and-, to the full measure of his capacity and the usefulness of his special function, he is en- throned among his fellows as a potential bene- factor. Something like this has been the fate of Henry Jordan, who was the first practical flour-miller in Wyoming, who superintended the erection and equipment of the flouring mill at Sheridan, one of the earliest ones of the state, and, who, after its construction, faithfully oper- ated it for a number of years. Mr. Jordan was born in Pennsylvania in May, 1843, the son of Alexander and Margaret (Macom) Jordan. His father was also a native of Pennsylvania and of German ancestry, while his mother was born at sea of Trish parentage. The Jordans were early settlers in this country, the great- grandfather of Henry having fought in the Rev- olutionary War, and the family having previous- ly been active in patriotism throughout the Co- lonial period of our history. The grandfather of Henry Jordan was a gallant soldier in the War of 1812, and in all the trials and triumphs of peace the line has had its contributory share wherever it has been found. In his native state Mr. Jordan was reared and educated, and there also he learned and worked at his trade as a miller. In 1865 he came west to Iowa and in that state passed three years working at his trade. In 1868 he came to Wyoming but soon returned to Iowa, passing three years at Guthrie Center, occupied with his duties as a miller. At the end of that time he returned to his native state and for eight years was engaged in mill- ing there. But the longing for the West re- mained with him, and its pleading voice, al- though frequently obscured by others, would not be entirely silenced, and so he came again to Wyoming and settled at Sheridan. There he superintended the building and furnishing of a flour mill and later bought an interest in it, which he conducted with profit to himself and great satisfaction to the people of that neighbor- hood until 1895, when he sold his interest and removed to his present location. Here he erected a complete flour mill of the latest model, equipped it with machinery of the latest kind for making flour according to the most approved methods, and has since been operating this. It is the only patent process mill in the Bighorn basin. He has also taken an interest in land where he has lived, locating a preemption upon Wolf Creek when he came to Sheridan county, then John- son county, and this he sold later. But he now owns 180 acres of land near his mill, and on it has built an attractive and comfortable resi- dence. He also owns property in Sheridan, but his mill is the principal industry which occupies his time and attention. It has a capacity of eighty barrels and is of great benefit to the com- munity, much of its output being consumed at home, where its quality and excellence are well known and highly appreciated. Mr. Jordan is PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 661 a very enterprising citizen, a liberal contribu- tor to every movement for the advancement or elevation of his community. While not osten- tatious in his public spirit, he is never back- ward in his active support of any project that commends itself to his judgment as promising good to the general interests of the neighborhood or county. In regard to such matters his coun- sel is much sought and cordially esteemed. For many years he has been a member of the Masonic order,' zealous and useful in his lodge. He was married in Pennsylvania in 1874, to Miss Eliza- beth Simonton, a native of that state, who has ever been a faithful wife and an agreeable and valuable helpmeet. This worthy couple stand high in the esteem of the public. ,, JESSE J. McCARELL. Born in the Northwest since the close of the Civil War and reared and educated in this sec- tion of the country, and having passed almost all of the productive period of his life in the cattle business, Jesse J. McCarell, of near Otto in Bighorn county, is a product and a represent- ative of the era of peaceful conquest and subju- gation which has come upon our country, and of the region in which it has won its noblest and most extensive triumphs, as well as of the line of fruitful activity which is one of the leading industries of that region. He is a pioneer of 1882 in Wyoming, but was born in Nevada, on January 14, 1868. His parents, Jesse and Fan- nie (Clift) McCarell, were natives of New York and Maryland, respectively, and were early settlers in Nevada. Their son, Jesse, received a limited education in his native state, and when he was only twelve years old he came to Wyoming and started in life as a rangerider in the vast cattle business of the territory. He followed this invigorating, but exacting and dangerous, occu- pation for seven years in various places, and in 1887 came to the Bighorn basin and continued it in that prolific and favored portion of the state, being engaged in it there until 1895. In that year he took up land near Burlington and started a cattle business for himself. He has 280 acres of land on which he has made extensive and valuable improvements, and conducts a thriv- ing industry in raising stock and general farm- ing, running about 100 head of fine cattle and a large number of high-grade horses. He also carries on a mercantile enterprise at Otto with success and profit, and has mining properties of value and productiveness in various localities. On February 24, 1900, Mr. McCarell was united in marriage with Mrs. Hannah Crandal, a native of Massachusetts, but at the time of the marriage a resident of Burlington, where the ceremony was performed. They have one child, their son, Jesse, Jr. While conducting his numerous busi- ness interests with success and vigor, Mr. Mc- Carell has not been inattentive to the claims of the community on his time and energies. He has manifested a deep and serviceable interest in the welfare and progress of his neighborhood and county, and has given without stint his active support to all movements which he has consid- ered worthy and likely to aid in promoting the general weal. He has also conducted himself in all the relations of life so as to secure and retain the confidence and high regard of his fellow men wherever he is known, and the respect of the general public throughout the state. WILLIAM F. LAWYER. The subject of this review is one of the many" western men whose lives have been largely spent on the range and who, in one of the most whole- some, free and independent of vocations, have provided well for themselves and for those de- pendent upon them. William F. Lawyer is a native of Pennsylvania, born in the town of Ber- wick on July 22, 1873. His father, Adam Law- yer, also a native of the Keystone state, is a machinist and worked at his trade in Pennsyl- vania until 1874, when he moved to Joliet, Illin- ois, where for a number of years he held an im- portant position in the Joliet Steel Works and later changed his abode to the town of Elburn, where he and his wife are living at the present time. The maiden name of Mrs. Adam Lawyer was Susan Emerick ; she likewise was born and 662 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. reared in Pennsylvania, and is a descendant of old families of that commonwealth. The child- hood and youth of William F. Lawyer were spent with his parents, but at the age of fifteen he left home to make his own way in the world. In 1888 he came to Wyoming, making a part of the journey on foot, meeting with many interesting experiences before reaching his destination at Cheyenne. Not long after his arrival, he found employment on the range and from that 'time until within a comparatively recent date he rode for various parties running cattle in different parts of Wyoming and other territory. In No- vember, 1898, he took up his present ranch, eight miles east of Fort Laramie and adjoining the one owned by his father-in-law, John Weber, and engaged in cattlerai.sing upon his own re- sponsibility. He has made commendable prog- ress since taking possession of his place, having a large number of cattle and horses in prime con- dition, with every prospect of continued prosper- ity as the years go by. His long experience on the range has made him familiar with every de- tail of the stock business and in all matters per- taining to cattle and horses, he is considered not only an excellent judge but an unfailing au- thority. By close attention to his business and good management, he has succeeded in placing himself in comfortable circumstances, having a surplus laid by for the proverbial "rainy day," which soon or late comes unto the lives of the majority of men. Mr. Lawyer is essentially a western man, all his tastes and inclinations lead- ing him to the kind of life .to which his time and energies have so long been devoted. Spend- ing his more mature years under conditions pe- culiar to this part of the country, he takes broad views of life and things and lays his plans in har- mony therewith. He possesses tact and judg- ment in business affairs, and in all transactions with which he has been connected his course has been open and straightforward, his personal honor and integrity being above suspicion. By correct methods he has succeeded in his under- takings and easily ranks with the most enterpris- ing and successful stockmen of the district in which he operates. On December 8, 1898, was solemnized the ceremony which joined Mr. Law- yer and Miss Margarette Weber, daughter of John and Mary Weber, in the bonds of holy wed- lock. They have two children, Mary and John. DONALD C. McCANNEL. The subject of this sketch is one of the lead- ing stockmen of the district in which he lives and for a period of twenty-three years he has been very closely identified with the industrial and business interests of Laramie county. The name McDonald indicates Scotch origin and, tracing his history, it is learned that he is de- scended from old families that for many gener- ations lived in the romantic land of the "heather and the heath." Archibald McCannel, the father of Donald, was born in Scotland but came to America in 1848, settling in Ontario, Canada, of which province he was an early pioneer. By oc- cupation he was a tiller of the soil and by his industry and frugality he accumulated a valu- able estate, becoming one of the thrifty farmers of the section of the country in which he lived. His wife, also a native of Canada, bore the maiden name' of Barbara McDougall. Donald C. McCannel was born in Ontario, Canada, on June 24, 1857, and received such educational discipline as the schools of his native county could impart. He was reared in close touch with nature on the farm, became familiar with the varied duties incident to agriculture and grew strong and vigorous of body, with an in- dependence of mind and determination of will which eminently fitted him for the course of life he afterwards pursued. Until his twenty-first year he remained at home assisting in the work of the farm, but, on attaining his majority he started into the world for himself, coming to Wyoming in 1879 and settling in the county of Laramie. During the six years following his ar- rival in this part of the country, Mr. McCannel was in the employ of T. A. Kent, a prominent stockman, who owned ranches near Uva, and he became experienced in every detail of cattle- raising, proving most capable and faithful in the discharge of his varied duties. Severing his PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 663 connection with the above gentlemen, he en- gaged in contracting for ditching work on the ranches of the Union Cattle Co. and after some time passed in that capacity, he took up land of his own in Laramie county, seven miles west of Wheatland, but did not settle on this until one year after obtaining possession. This was in 1886, and from that time to the present day he has lived where he originally located, gradually extending the scope and magnitude of his busi- ness and enlarging the area of his lands until he and his family now own over 1,500 acres, much of which is irrigable and in a successful state of tillage. That portion devoted to graz- ing purposes is admirably situated, for Mr. Mc- Cannel had abundant opportunities to make a judicious selection, there being but four ranches in all this part of the county when he located his claim in 1885. Mr. McCannel devotes his time and attention to the raising of cattle, horses and hogs, and has met with most gratifying suc- cess, building up a large and lucrative business and earning the reputation of standing as one of the most enterprising stockmen in this part of the state. His judgment is sound and dis- criminating, and, possessing the ability to fore- see with remarkable accuracy the outcome of transactions in which he engages, "he seldom fails in carrying them to successful conclusion. As a citizen he enjoys the esteem of the com- munity, while in every relation of life, he has ever so comported himself that his integrity has never been assailed, nor the correctness of his motives questioned. Believing in progress and improvement, he has used his best efforts to these ends, aiding all enterprises calculated to build up the country and to develop its natural and industrial resources. On March 3, 1890, Mr. McCannel was married in the city of Chey- enne to' Mrs. Margaret (Wilson) Cazaubon, the daughter of William Wilson, of Ontario, Can- ada. Mrs. McCannel was there born and reared and there married her first husband. Her father was a farmer but her mother departed this life in Ontario a number of years ago. Mrs. Mc- Cannel has one daughter by her first marriage, Mrs. Emma Rice, who was graduated from the Cheyenne high school and later from a college of photography, and is now the leading photogra- pher of Cheyenne, Wyo., located at No. 1717 Eddy street. She is an owner of property and there conducts a very successful business. M'rs. McCannel's grandson, Templeton Rice , is a bright child of four years of age whom she is now raising and who is a great favorite with both herself and husband. Politically, Mr. Mc- Cannel is pronounced in his allegiance to the Republican party, but is not a partisan in the sense the term is usually understood, much less an aspirant for the honors or emoluments cf office. He is an enthusiastic member of the In- dependent Order of Odd Fellows, belonging to the Wheatland lodge, and is identified with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks at Chey- enne. Additional to these two organizations his name also adorns the records of the Wheatland Lodge, Modern Woodmen of America, in which he is a leading spirit and active worker. Of Mr. McCannel personally, much could be said in the way of truthful compliment and praise, for he is quite popular throughout the country, well liked by all with whom he comes in contact, and no one questions his right to be classed with the wide-awake and energetic representative men of the county of Laramie. CHARLES LUFKIN. The substantial unity of purpose and feeling which pervades our united country since the wounds of the Civil War have been healed and its scars hidden by many white harvests of peace- ful industry, is well illustrated in the common impulse whereby the people of the Northwest, gathered from all parts of the land, and from every foreign country, move forward in the work of developing the new domain which they in- habit, and the constancy and loyalty with which they apply in this section the lessons of patriot- ism, local pride, obedience to law and devotion to the common welfare they learned in their earlier homes. Charles Lufkin of Fenton is a native of Maine, who has lived in several other states of the Union, having interests and pleas- 66 4 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. ant associations in each. But he is as devoted to the progress and general weal of Wyoming as if her soil were his native heath, and he had never resided beyond her borders. He was born in 1853, grew to manhood and was educated in Maine, but soon after reaching years of matur- ity he moved to Pennsylvania and resided in that state, Minnesota, Dakota and Montana succes- sively until 1883, when he came to Wyoming, and he has since made his home among her peo- ple. He located in the Bighorn basin and was engaged in freighting until 1899, when he took up land on Meeteetse Creek and started a busi- ness of a more pretentious character and greater promise in the stock industry. He raises cattle and horses of good breeds and excellent quality, having generally about 100 cattle and a large number of horses. His farm is well-improved and much of it is skilfully cultivated, the residue furnishing a good range for his stock. Mr. Luf- kin is a valued member of the Independent Or- der of Odd Fellows at Meeteetse. He is regular and interested in his attendance at the meetings of his lodge, and manifests an intelligent and commendable zeal in behalf of the progress and welfare of the fraternity in general and of his own lodge in particular. In 1886, he was mar- ried on Owl Creek to Miss Nancy Appison, a native of Missouri, but a resident of Wyoming since 1884. They have one child, their son, Em- ory, born on May 3, 1888. OSCAR W. McNAY. The state of nativity for Oscar McNay, a prominent stockgrower of Bighorn county, locat- ed near Hyattville, is California, where he was born on April 6, 1857, but he did not long re- main there. When he was two years old his parents, H. W. and E. M. McNay, natives re- spectively of Ohio and New York, went by the isthmus route to New York, and from there after a short time came to Kansas. They spent two years at Wyandotte, two at Fort Leavenworth, and from there they removed to Council Grove in Morris county. In that town their son, Oscar, was reared and educated, and when he was twenty years of age he went to Texas, from whence, after due preparation, in 1878, he trailed cattle north to the Big Bend of the Missouri River. From there he returned to his Kansas home, and in 1879 went to St. Joseph, Mo., and took a course of special training in a business col- lege. After leaving the college he worked for two years for the Western Union Telegraph Co. and then went by way of San Francisco to The Dalles, Oregon. At that point he accepted em- ployment ^from Henry Lovell and in his service drove cattle to the Bighorn basin in Wyoming, where he tarried and rode the range for a number of years, and in 1887 engaged in "the stock busi- ness for himself, limiting his operations to cattle. In 1896 he located land on No Wood River, the ranch on which he now lives, comprising 160 acres, on which he has 100 good cattle, well cared for and kept in excellent condition. He also has a drove of superior horses, and they, as well as the cattle, give evidence of the intelligent atten- tion bestowed upon their raising. Some years ago his father died. His mother is still living on the family homestead in Kansas. JAMES S. McNIYEN. Bishop James S. McNiven of near Burling- ton in Bighorn county, a prominent stockgrower and farmer of this fertile region, and also an active and successful worker in the Church of the Latter Day Saints, is a native of the High- lands of Scotland, where he was born on June 22, 1848, and exhibits toward the land of his adop- tion, and especially the portion of it in which he lives, the same loyalty and devotion that • his forefathers did to the clan and its interests, of which they were conspicuous and serviceable members in the stirring times of the border wars between his native country and the lowlands. His parents were John and Jeannette (McNiv- en) McNiven, scions of old Scottish families. When he was three years old his father died, and ten years later his mother emigrated with her children to the United States, heroically braving the perils of the sea, at the time increased and intensified by the Civil War in this country, and PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 665 afterwards resolutely undertaking and enduring the long and dangerous trip across the plains to Utah, where they settled in Morgan county, where her son, James, was reared and educated. As soon as he was able to conduct an independent enterprise he went to farming and carried on the business for some years. He was then sent to Arizona on a church mission and remained two years. At the end of this period he came back to Utah and located in the southern part of the territory, where he carried on a thriving industry in farming and raising stock until 1894, when he moved to Wyoming and took up his residence on the land which he now owns and cultivates, two miles southeast of Burlington. Here he has a beautiful farm of 240 acres, and raises cattle and horses in large numbers and good crops of cereals and hay. He is a man of great public spirit, deeply interested in the wel- fare of his section of the state, holding a con- siderable portion of the assets of the Townsite Co. of Burlington, and using it. to good advan- tage in the development and improvement of the town. Since 1886 he has been a Republican in politics, and has given to the affairs of the party attentive and serviceable devotion, serving as chairman of his precinct organization. In church work he has been loyal and zealous from his young manhood, and by the merit of his services on missions and in other respects has risen to influence and consequence in church circles, hav- ing been the first bishop set apart in the Bighorn stake, and being st.ill in the full exercise of his official duties. He was married in 1872, at Salt Lake City, to Miss Lydia Littlefield, a native of England, but during the greater part of her mature life a resident of Utah. They have five children living, James R., Violet, Jeannette, May and Sylvia D. duncan Mclennan. From the mountains of Scotland to the mountains of Wyoming is an immense leap in longitude and not much less in conditions and surroundings, as many of the sturdy men of Scotland have learned, among them Duncan Mc- Lennan, an enterprising and prosperous stock- man of Clear Springs, nine mile's north of Coke- ville in Uinta county. In this country he has found a wealth of opportunity and a freedom of action undreamed of in his native land, and, with the characteristics of his race, he has taken advantage of them and used them well for his own benefit and for the welfare of the commun- ities in which he has lived. He was born at Conon Bridge, Rosshire, Scotland, on December 29, 1863, his parents, Donald and Catherine (In- nis) McLennan, being also native there and de- scended from families long resident in the shire. His father was a railroad inspector, and this led his thought to machinery as a study, in conse- quence of which, after completing his education in the government schools of his vicinity, he learned the trade of a machinist. In 1882, when he was nineteen years old, he left the paternal roof and came to the United States, making his way by easy stages to Idaho and locating at Montpelier, where he worked for a year at his trade in the railroad shops, after which he opened a store, and for the next eleven years, he gave all his time and energies to its management and de- velopment. It was a successful venture, bring- ing him both prominence and means. In 1895 he sold out his business and came to Wyoming, locating on the farm which he now owns and occupies, not far from Border. This comprises 480 acres of well-improved land, devoted to the cattle industry, which he carries on with vigor on a large scale. In addition to this enterprise, which is one of increasing magnitude, he owns real-estate at Montpelier, and has other valu- able interests in this state and Idaho. From his early manhood he has exhibited an earnest and serviceable interest in the community in which his lot happened to be cast, and, while residing in Idaho, he served as postmaster and justice of the peace from time to time. He was married in that state in February, 1888, to Miss Marguer- ite J. Morgan, a native of Wales and a daughter of William and Catherine Morgan, who are now living at Cokeville. One child has brightened their household, their daughter, Jessie Kate. Mr. McLennan is one of the substantial and influen- 666 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. tial citizens of the county, held in high esteem by all who know him, and worthy of the regard he so generally inspires, while Mrs. McLennan numbers her friends by the host, being warmly welcomed in the social circles of her home town and elsewhere by her acquaintances and all who appreciate good company. john r. Mclaughlin. The subject of this sketch is one of the suc- cessful, enterprising and public spirited men of Fremont county. His stock farm, situated about one and one-half miles northwest of Lander, is one of the finest places in that valley, and there he is successfully engaged in the business of rais- ing improved grades of Hereford cattle. He is the owner of a large herd of high-class stock, among which are some of the most valuable ani- mals in the state, and he is looked upon as one of the leading business men of Western Wyoming. He is a native of Sacketts Harbor, N. Y., having been born there on January 27, 1849, anc ^ ^ s tne son of John and Catherine (Wright) McLaugh- lin, both natives of Ireland. His parents came from their native country to America in 1847 and his father followed the occupation of farm- ing, and was the son of Robert McLaughlin, a member of a well-known family of Ireland. John R. McLaughlin grew to manhood in his native state and received his early education in the pub- lic schools. Upon the completion of his school life, he secured employment as a sailor on the Great Lakes, and remained in that occupation for about seven years. At the end of that time, he engaged in farming in the state of New York, and continued in that vocation there up to the year 1878, when he removed his residence to the state of Minnesota. Here he purchased a farm and made his home for nearly two years, when he disposed- of his property and removed to the then territory of Wyoming. Upon his arrival in this new country, he settled at once in the valley where he now resides and engaged in stockraising. In 1883 he purchased his pres- ent ranch property, and has continued in the stockraising business here since that time. His place, comprising about 300 acres of land, is one of the most valuable pieces of property in that section. On January 27 ,1876, in the state of New York, Mr. McLaughlin was united in mar- riage with Miss Edith A. Noble, a native of the Empire state, and a daughter of William and Jane A. (Payne) Noble, both being natives of that state. Mr. and Mrs. McLaughlin have an adopted child to bless their home life, Worden P. McLaughlin. Their home is noted for its fine western hospitality, and the family are held in high esteem by a large circle of friends. GEORGE MARQUETTE. For more than a generation of human life this successful and energetic stockman and farmer has lived in Wyoming. He came here in 1868, when the country was in truth and fact the "wild West,'' with no evidences of civilization, save here and there the lone cabin of the daring squatter, the dugout of the hardy trapper, the stockades of the military post or the humble meet- inghouse of the Christian mission. And to the settlement, development and improvement of the section he has given his life and energies since that time. Mr. Marquette is a native of Ohio, where he was born in 1841. His parents were Peter and Catherine Marquette, natives of Ger- many, who came to the United States soon after their marriage and settled in Ohio, and there en- gaged in farming. Their son lived at home until he was seventeen, attending the schools of the neighborhood and assisting on the farm. At the age mentioned he sought a new home in the West, a land of abundant promise but exacting conditions, and, locating in Minnesota, farmed for a time in that state and also for a time in Wisconsin. During his stay in this part of the country he worked at intervals on the rivers and in the pine woods. He has been bred to indus- try and, knowing hard work from his childhood, he was not afraid of it in any form, but with the true education which Nature gives her offspring who commune with her in proper spirit, stood ready with a hearty will to do whatever came his way and was remunerative, however ardu- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 667 ous, and apart from a sense of duty repulsive, it might be. In i860 he removed to Missouri, and, not anticipating the troublous times that were almost at hand, settled down to a quiet farmer's life in that state. The next year when armed re- sistance threatened the existence of the Union, he enlisted in its defense as a member of Co. C, Fifth Missouri Militia, and during the two years of active service under arms which he saw had many exciting and. dangerous experi- ences, confronting the organized forces of the Confederacy in the field, following the path of ruin and devastation of the guerrilla Quantrell, guarding the supply trains of his command and protecting life and property on every hand. At the close of his term he returned to Minnesota, and after a year of labor there again enlisted, this time as a member of Co. H, Eleventh Minne- sota Infantry, and served in that command until the end of the war. He then engaged in rafting on the Mississippi for some months, after which he went to Council Bluffs, Iowa, and aided in the construction of the Burlington & Missouri River Railroad. In 1868 he landed at Cheyenne, Wyo., finding it a straggling village with high hopes, but only a few unpretentious houses as yet. From there he went to Laramie and worked at making and selling railroad ties for a period of six years. In 1874 he began a three-years' industry in hunting, trapping and prospecting with headquarters in North Park, Colo., and in 1877 returned to Wyoming, stopping at Sher- man until the spring of 1878, when he came by way of Fort Fetterman to Lander, going from there to North Park again and later to Rawlins. There he joined the Patti Mining Co. for the summer and in the fall returned to Lander. He soon after located on the Bighorn and built the first house in the Bighorn basin near the mouth of No Wood Creek. From here- he hunted, trapped and prospected for three years, and in 1 88 1 located on the South Fork of the Shoshone River. After a season passed there he removed to near his present ranch, took up a homestead and began farming in earnest. In 1890 a post- office was established at Marquette and named in his honor. It was the first postoffice on the South Fork, and he was appointed postmaster, an office which he has held continuously since that time. Mr. Marquette has a fine ranch on the river and carries on a profitable and progres- sive stock business. His home is beautifully lo- cated, and, by the systematic improvements he has made and is still making, is fast becoming one of the best and most attractive in this sec- tion of the county. While he has been a great hunter and trapper in his time, and still has all the spirit and cunning of the craft, and has lost none of his intuitive knowledge of the woods- man's needs and methods, he has readily adapted himself to the changed conditions and settled down permanently to farming and raising stock. In 1901 his brother, Philip, of Ohio, made him a visit, and gave him the first sight of a mem- ber of his family since the war. He had not seen any of them for forty-three years. His bachelor home, while lacking the elegance and style of the city drawingroom, has an abundance of homely comfort, cordial hospitality and genu- ine good fellowship for all who find shelter un- der its pleasant and attractive roof. ANDREW J. MARTIN. Andrew J. Martin, of near Marquette, in Bighorn county, was born in Iowa on October 23, 1872, and came to Wyoming in 1882, so that more than two-thirds of his life has been passed in this state. He has made it his home, the scene of his efforts and the location of his hopes, he has grown with its growth and prospered with its prosperity, contributing to the good results of the enterprise and public spirit of its people and aided in bringing it from primitive condi-' tions to something of mature development, from an infant state to a great and progressive com- monwealth. His parents were Benjamin F. and Elizabeth Martin, natives of Missouri and Indi- ana, respectively. When he was four years old his mother died and when he was ten his father removed with his family to Wyoming, and, tak- ing up a homestead near Bighorn' in Sheridan county, engaged in farming and stockg-rowing: For eight years he there resided, rearing and 668 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. educating his children and battling with the hard conditions of life on a new frontier. In 1890 he removed to Bighorn county and settled on the North Fork of the Shoshone River, and in 1893 brought his family to the new location. The family consists of five children : Mary E., now the wife of James T. Glascow ; Eda, now the wife of W. H. Brundage, of this county ; An- drew J. ; Dorothy, now the wife of Thomas S. Trimmer, whose career is recorded elsewhere in these pages; and Christopher E., a resident of this county. Mr. Martin grew to manhood and was educated in Wyoming, as has been noted, and in 1893 located on a homestead which is a part of his present ranch. He has added to its extent until he owns 400 acres of excellent land on the river, and his father has 320 and his brother, Christopher, 160 acres adjoining his. Here, from the time of his location on the land, he has been busily engaged in improving his ranch and building up a profitable stock industry, raising cattle principally, but handling in addi- tion a number of horses. His herd of cattle numbers some 400, of good breeds and kept in excellent condition, his land yielding abundance of feed and pasture. He is connected with the Modern Woodmen of America, holding member- ship in the lodge of the order at Cody. In 1895, at Bighorn in Sheridan county, he was married to Miss Zona Thomas, a native of Iowa. They have two children, their daughters, Elizabeth and Loraine. Mr. Martin is prosperous and progressive, a useful citizen, a good business man, an ornament to the county. Everything about his ranch proclaims his enterprise and skill as a farmer and his taste as a man. It is a beautiful place and is well-improved. CHARLES A. MARSTON. From povertv to affluence, from destitution in which he had not whereon to lay his head to shelter beneath his own vine and fig tree, with all the 'comforts of life and not a few of its lux- uries about him, this is in brief the history of Charles A. Marston, of near Marquette, in Big- horn county, a prominent ranchman and stock- grower and a leading citizen of the county; and while his is an oft-told tale in this western world, its interest never flags, its elements of tragedy and triumph are ever present, its potent and in- spiring example is always worthy of note and emulation. Mr. Marston was born in Maine on April 11, 1855, a scion of two substantial and thrifty families of that state. His parents were Gilbert B. and Martha M. (Shosey) Marston, who also were born and reared in Maine, and whose genealogy in that part of our country runs back in unbroken lines to Colonial times. He attended the country schools of his day and neighborhood, learning life's duties and getting his training for them rather in the daily experi- ence of a woodsman's humble home than in academies of learning, scooping, as it were, but a handful here and there from the grateful, in- vigorating waters of book knowledge as they danced and sparkled across his toilsome way, and when he was nineteen years of age, with the self-reliance and independence of his race and section, he left his paternal home and took up the contest with fate and the world for himself. He proceeded to California, reaching there in 1875 and remaining until 1880 engaged in dairying. He then removed to Oregon and entered the employ of John W. Chapman in the stock busi- ness. In his service he came to Montana, and two years later went into the Yellowstone Na- tional Park and there conducted a butchering business for two years. In 1884. he came to Bighorn county, Wyo., without a single dollar of money and with nothing else to rely on but his own resolute spirit, physical health and general capacity for usefulness. He again entered the employ of Mr. Chapman and continued to work for him and a Frenchman, Count Dti Dore, the owner of a large cattle ranch on the Shoshone River. In 1887 he took up homestead and desert claims on the North Fork of the Shoshone River and began for himself a farming and stockgrowing industry, in which his progress lias been steady, sure and noticeable. He has 320 acres of good land on which he has been raising cattle and horses, replacing the common stock as rapidly as he could with graded Here- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 669 fords in cattle and with superior breeds .in horses. In the meantime he has greatly im- proved his place by good fences and buildings, brought much of it into a high state of cultiva- tion, producing the cereals, alfalfa and hay in profitable quantities, and making it a suitable home for a progressive, wide-awake and ener- getic American citizen. Where water was need- ed it was brought into his service from the Shoshone River, he and C. L. Green, of this county, being the first to irrigate from this source of supply. Mr. Marston is a Freemason, holding membership in Shoshone Lodge, U. D., of Cody, Wyo. He was married on May 27, 1901, to Mrs. Hattie F. Marston, who is, like himself, a native of Maine. IRA G. MASON. Ira G. Mason, of the firm of Mason & Son, prominent and successful stockgrowers on Buf- falo Creek, not far from the town of Thermop- olis, although in Bighorn county, is a pioneer of 1890 in Wyoming and a native of Oregon, where he was born on September 11, 1874. His par- ents are Levi and Narcissa (Rowe) Mason, the former born in Illinois and coming from that state to Oregon when he was a boy, crossing the plains with ox teams in 1849. In Oregon he was reared and educated, and there he was married to Miss Rowe, a native of the state. He engaged in farming and lumbering in Oregon until 1878, then removed to Pullman in the state of Wash- ington, where he again engaged in farming, fol- lowing this vocation until 1890. In that year he sold his interests in Washington and came to Wyoming. He located at Otto and opened a general merchandising establishment in associ- ation with his son as a partner. In 1902 they determined to give up merchandising, sold their goods and interests in this line, took up land on Buffalo Creek and returned to the stock indus- try as a business. They have now 360 acres of land and an average of 150 head of fine cattle. The land is improved with good buildings, fences, etc., and the portions under cultivation are culti- vated with skill and diligence, rewarding the toil of the husbandman with abundant crops of the usual -farm products in this portion of the state. Ira G. Mason, the junior partner in the firm, was educated in the public schools of Wash- ington, and, leaving the state when he was six- teen, he then abandoned his school, the opportun- ity for a mercantile career in partnership with his father having been offered to him. Previous to entering upon this, however, he took a special course of training for it at the Gem City Business College at Quincy, from which he was graduated in 1897. He is a member of the Modern Wood- men of America, while his father belongs to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. Mr. Mason has demonstrated that he has fine business ca- pacity, with active enterprise, commendable public spirit and breadth of view. He is earnestly in- terested in the development and progress of his county and stale, and active in behalf of any proj- ect for furthering their interests, as he is in any movement for the benefit and advancement of the great industry with which he is connected in a business way. The firm of L. H. Mason & Son is one of the mercantile and industrial insti- tutions of the county, whose rank in the com- mercial world is deservedly high, whose name is as familiar as household words throughout this part of the country. Its business is conducted on an elevated plane of integrity and progressive- ness and with a spirit of courtesy and consid- eration toward its numerous patrons. GEORGE MILLER. Having come to Wyoming when he was but thirteen vears old and having passed in this state the whole of his subsequent life, George Miller of the Bighorn basin might not inappropriately be esteemed a product of the state, even if not ''to the manor born." His life began in Utah in March, 1867, and his parents were Armenius and Cornelia (Clossen) Miller, the former na- tive in Illinois and the latter in New York. When their son, George, was seven years old they re- moved to Nevada and in 1880 came to Wyoming, settling in Carbon county where they engaged in raising stock. They remained in Carbon 670 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. county until 1883 and then removed to Sheridan county, where the father located a homestead and the parents now reside. George Miller was educated in the public schools of Wyoming and when he left school he engaged in freighting and also joined the great army of the state's in- dustrials who are connected with the cattle busi- ness. He rode the range for a few years, by thrift and energy acquired an excellent ranch in Sheridan county and stocked it with a fine grade of cattle. In 1895 he sought a new field for his energy and enterprise in the Bighorn basin and in this field he has since been carrying on a stock business of magnitude with vigor and suc- cess. He is one of the esteemed citizens of the section and is connected in a leading way with every enterprise for the advance and more rapid development of the county, especially this por- tion of it in which he lives. He belongs to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Mod- ern Woodmen of America and takes an active in- terest in both orders. Looked upon as one of the most progressive young men of the county, and justifying this opinion in every way, he has a promising future before him. GEORGE S. MEAD. It is a maxim more true even than it is old that in civil society either law or force must pre- vail. And as it has been agreed by universal consent that law shall reign, it is needful that the officers who enforce it, and especially those who have to do with the administration of its punitive features, shall be men of integrity, capac- ity and discriminating judgment, able to make the lawless fear them and the rest of mankind respect and have confidence in them as the guard- ians of the peace and the conservators of order. Deputy Sheriff George S. Mead of Basin, Big- horn county, is an official of this character, and stands high as such in the confidence and es- teem of the public whose interests he has in charge. He has long been identified with the history of the state, being a pioneer of 1877 in Wyoming. He was born at Racine, Wisconsin, October 9, 1861, a son of G. G. and Katie (Kar- rigan) Mead, the former a native of Connecticut and the latter of Ireland. From Wisconsin they removed to Chicago, and there the father was in business three years until the great fire destroyed all his possessions. They then returned to Wis- consin, and from there soon after to Taylor coun- ty, Iowa, where he lived until 1877. I 11 triat year he came to Wyoming and settled at Raw- lins. He passed three years in rangeriding and freighting with that city as his headquarters, and in 1879, when the Ute Indian outbreak oc- curred, he went to work for the U. S. government as a teamster, and rendered good service in that capacity until 1883. He then returned to Raw- lins and was engaged in various occupations un- til 1887, when he went to ranching, at which he continued until 1894 when he sold out. The next year he came to Bighorn county, and, locat- ing land on the Bighorn River, went to stock- growing and farming. His ranch comprises 400 acres of good land, which is well-improved, and he has a fine herd of cattle and a large number of horses. He conducts the ranch under his personal supervision and management, but has his residence in Basin where he owns a home. He is interested in public improvements of all kinds and is a stockholder in the water company of the city. His official experience has been ex- tended and varied, he was four years constable and deputy sheriff, serving at the same time as tax collector and in 1903 he was appointed dep- uty sheriff and jailer of the county, his fitness for the position being universally recognized. In fraternal relations he affiliates with the Indepen- dent Order of Odd Fellows, and is recognized as a serviceable member of the fraternity. In 1877, at Ferris, Wyo., he was married to Miss Carrie M. Hill, a native of Wisconsin. They have five children. Lulu M.. Minnie A., George H, Nellie and Ethel E. RICHARD A. MORSE. Having but recently passed the half-century mark in the number of his years, Richard A. Morse of Lander, prominent in business and pub- lic life, has achieved more in the way of a sue- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 671 cessful career than many a man on whom rests the burden of hoary age. He was born on Feb- ruary 15, 185 1, in Maine, the son of Mason W. and Priscilla C. (Rankin) Morse, also natives of Maine and descended from old Colonial stock of English ancestry. The father was a black- smith and farmer, and after pursuing these voca- tions for many years in his native state he re- moved with his family to Minnesota, where his wife died in 1880 and he in 1891. Their son, Richard, was the third of nine children and was educated in the public schools of Minnesota. Af- ter leaving school he engaged in farming for five years, at the end of which time he entered upon an apprenticeship to the blacksmith's trade un- der his father, with whom he worked for seven years. He then came to Wyoming and passed four years as a blacksmith in the employ of the U. S. government, two of them at Fort Steele. The next five years he was employed by the gov- ernment at Fort Washakie, after which he be- gan operations in the cattle business on New Fork, which he continued for three years, but was obliged to suspend after the hard winter of 1890-91, which froze nearly all his cattle to death. He then accepted employment with the government again for a short time at Fort Wash- akie, being employed in carrying the mails from and to Meeteetse for three years, after which he conducted the hotel at the fort for two years when he sold but and worked at his trade of blacksmith at the agency for two more years. In 1898 he was .elected sheriff of Fremont coun- ty and removed to Lander, where, at the end of his term, he opened and established the City Blacksmith & Wagon Shops, since giving his at- tention fully to that enterprise, in which he has built up a gratifying and profitable trade and secured the confidence and esteem of the busi^ ness community. He has also taken an active and useful part in public affairs, serving in the city council acceptably and employing his influ- ence in the development of every good enter- prise in the town and county. In fraternal rela- tions Mr. Morse is a devoted member of the Masonic order, belonging to the lodge, chapter and commandery, and exhibiting a zealous and productive interest in the welfare of each body. He is at present (1902) the eminent commander of the local commandery of Knights Templar, which he has represented in the Grand Com- mandery, and is a valued member of Corean Temple of the Mystic Shrine at Rawlins. In October, 1872, he was married to Miss Amanda Fanning of Minnesota, a daughter of Samuel Fanning, an esteemed resident of that state and a native of Illinois. Mr. and Mrs. Morse have an adopted child, Rolla Morse. WILSON E. MORRIS. Born and reared in West Virginia, Wilson E. Morris of Bighorn county, Wyoming, resid- ing near Hyattville, saw much of the hardship engendered by the Civil War, and enjoys with increased satisfaction in consequence the com- fortable peace and its productive conditions in which he is now embosomed. He first saw the light on February 6, 1858, and on the West Vir- ginia farm owned and operated by his parents, Henry and Jane (Wilson) Morris, he grew to manhood and was educated. On leaving school he engaged in farming and lumbering in the state of his nativity, which was just then awak- ening to a knowledge of her great wealth in forestry and minerals, which it has since been pouring through the channels of trade in streams of benefaction to the commercial world. In these occupations he there continued until 1890, when he came to Wyoming, and locating on Paint Rock Creek and later on the Bighorn, en- gaged in the leading industry of this prolific section, ranching and raising stock. After a few years of successful business he sold out and went to Colorado, where he passed four years busily occupied in various pursuits, then returned to Wyoming and bought the fine farm he now occu- pies, comprising 160 acres of good land, well- improved, and much of it highly cultivated. He runs a herd of 300 cattle and a large drove of good horses and mules. This industry has his close and intelligent attention, and he is also interested in other properties of value and var- ious kinds. In company with two others he owns 672 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 2,000 acres of land on the mountain. In the af- fairs of the community in which he lives and the county to which he owes allegiance Mr. Morris takes an abiding and serviceable interest, giving to the Republican party good service in its cam- paigns, and holding himself in readiness to aid in the development of every good enterprise for the benefit of his section. He was first married in West Virginia, on December 25, 1879, to Miss Sarah M. Bain, a native of that state, who died in Colorado on December 6, 1894, leaving these children, Ashford Lee, Creed R., William F., Maud and Zara. On September 28, in Lara- mie, Wyo., he contracted a second marriage, his choice on this occasion being Miss Elizabeth William, a native of Iowa. Mr. Morris stands well in the esteem of his fellow men, and has an excellent reputation for probity and uprightness, good business capacity, intelligence and public spirit, and attractive social qualities. He is one of the representative citizens of the neighbor- hood, and has won his position as such by merit and real usefulness. W. S. MYERS. W. S. Myers, of Burlington in Bighorn coun- ty, is a native of Kentucky, born on March 10, 1848. His parents were John and Polly (Find- ley) Myers, also Kentuckians by nativity, and prosperous and highly respected farmers of that state, in which their son was reared and edu- cated. In 1869, soon after passing his twenty- first birthday, he emigrated - to Missouri and be- gan farming and raising stock on his own ac- count. His business prospered and he continued it in Missouri for fifteen years. In 1884 he re- moved to Custer county, Neb., and for ten years thereafter there carried on the same line of enterprise, again scoring a success, and with com- mendable frugality and care saving the proceeds of his labor for more ambitious ventures else- where. In 1894 he came to Wyoming and, find- ing in the location where he has since made his home a suitable place for conducting his chosen occupation on a more enlarged scale than before, he settled on a homestead claim, which he has made valuable and attractive with well-arranged and well-built improvements, and reduced to sys- tematic and prolific productiveness by careful and judicious cultivation. His ranch comprises 160 acres of the best land in the basin, being located one mile west of the promising little town of Burlington. On this he has a large herd of fine cattle and a band of excellent horses, and here he conducts one of the most progressive and skillfully managed stock and farming industries in this portion of the county. He is interested in the Farmers' Canal Co. in a serviceable and leading way and is always active in behalf of any good enterprise for the benefit of the neigh- borhood in which he has cast his lot. With good judgment and careful investigation he gives his support to the spirit of progress and aids in directing the trend of its operations. In poli- tics he is an ardent and working Democrat, and has a potent voice in the counsels of his party, although not himself a claimant of its honors or official positions. In 1872, while living in Missouri, he was married to Miss Nannie Mc- Clain, a native and resident of that state. They have five children, Thomas E., Eva, Arthur S., Fred F. and Vernie. Wherever Mr. Myers has lived he has made a creditable record and won the esteem of his fellow men as a man of integrity and character, a business factor of enterprise and capacity, a citizen of public spirit and breadth of view and a social element of wide knowledge, genial manners, attractive personality and enter- taining conversational powers. JOHN R. PAINTER. One of the most progressive and influential capitalists in the state is John R. Painter, of Cody in Bighorn county. He is a mine owner, a stockgrower and a general developer of the natural resources of any region in which he happens to be living. He is the president and principal owner of the Sunlight Copper Mining Co., which has an immense amount of valuable mining property, and he also owns other mining properties of high value, being one of the largest holders of mining interests in the state. He or- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 673 ganized the Sunlight Co. and did the first work in its mines, stocking it at his own expense and building roads and other works of construction for the development of its properties. Mr- Painter is a native of Maryland, where he was born on October 12, 1861, a son of John W. and Elmira (Robinson) Painter, the former born and reared in Pennsylvania and the latter in Maryland, where both of his parents died. When he was seventeen years old he went to Philadelphia with the object of beginning life for himself. For a while his occupations were obscure and his pay small, but he worked hard, practiced econo- my and frugality, kept his eyes open and his hand ready for better opportunities. In 1881 he start- ed an enterprise in the importation and sale of Swiss musical instruments, and conducted it with success and satisfaction to himself and his trade until 1896. In 1895 he came west on a hunting trip, and while seeking sport stumbled upon fortune. He discovered mining outlooks of promise, and, selling his business in the East, came to Wyoming and purchased claims from the original locators and located others. He at once set to work developing them and has given this work his personal supervision from the be- ginning. The mines have large bodies of cop- per, silver and gold-bearing ore, and the yield is of a high percentage. In addition to his mines Mr. Painter owns a well-improved and highly cultivated ranch, on which he raises stock and conducts a progressive farming industry on a liberal scale. He has demonstrated that the cer- eals can be successfully and profitably grown in this section of the state, at an elevation of 7,052 feet, and has found the solution of agricultural problems to the advantage of the people and the county. As one of the most progressive men in the Northwest, his activity and his example have been potential for good in the advancement and improvement of the country, his enterprise has pushed forward works of great utility and value and opened the way to others, and his genial disposition and breadth of view have given to social and educational influences a vigor of life and an exaltation of standard. On March 5, 1885, in Philadelphia, Pa., he solemnized his marriage with Miss Mary E. Taylor, a native of that city. They have three children, Mary E., Marguerite M. and William T. The family resi- dence is on the ranch, which has a wide celeb- rity for being a center of refined and gracious hospitality, generous in volume and character. T. F. NELSON. For nearly twenty years a resident of Wyo- ming, and during all that time contributing es- sentially to the growth and development of the section in which he has lived, T. F. Nelson, of near Hyattville, is far from the land of his an- cestors, but he is exemplifying in the country of his nativity the lessons of thrift, industry, and productive usefulness for which the} were dis- tinguished in their native Sweden. He was born in Nebraska in April, 1859, the son of Lasce and Mary (Olson) Nelson, who came thither from the land of their birth soon after their marriage. While he was yet a child they removed from Nebraska to Utah and there he was reared and educated. When he reached the age of seven- teen he started in life for himself, by going to Idaho and engaging in the stock business. For ten fruitful years he followed this business in Idaho and, in 1886, with the earnings of his la- bor and acquired business acumen, he came to Wyoming, and, locating where he now resides, continued in the Bighorn basin the same enter- prise he had carried on so successfully in Idaho. He has a fine ranch of 320 acres of fertile land, 200 head of cattle and a number of superior horses and his ranch and stock operations are carefully and considerately conducted with close attention and a due regard to the comfort and best conditions for his stock, and to secure the largest returns for his outlay of time and labor. The improvements he has made in the way of buildings and fences, machinery and other ap- pliances for the farm work he has about him, all the elements of the industrial part of the estab- lishment, as well as the general appearance and character of the place, proclaim the excellence of the management and the intelligence of the hus- bandry, and the results are commensurate with 674 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. the energy and skill employed in their produc- tion. Mr. Nelson was united in marriage with Miss Rachel Lee, a native of Utah, but at the time of their union living in Idaho, where the marriage took place. They have three children, Alvin, Willis and Merle. The competency Mr. Nelson has wrung from the hard conditions of pioneer life, the substantial contributions he has made to the progress and development of the county of his residence, and the general esteem in which he is held by the people among whom he has lived, all unite to attest him as being one of the reliable, useful and worthy citizens of the state, and a noteworthy element in that body of our citizenship derived from the land of Gusta- vus Adolphus, which in so many parts of our country has done so much for its improvement. CHARLES H. EDWARDS. Among the more prominent of the earliest pioneers of Wyoming is Mr. Charles H. Edwards of Iron Mountain, a native of the old common- wealth of Massachusetts, his very eventful career commencing at the city of Marblehead on June 26, 1838, the son of Charles and Mary E. (One) Edwards, natives of the same state. He comes of an ancestry distinguished in the history of America for its services to its state and country and especially so for its devotion and loyalty to the cause of liberty and independence during the Colonial period. According to family tra- dition the maternal ancestry is traced through all its American generations to the old world through emigrants landing here in the May- flower, and the spirit which inspired them has ever characterized their descendants. His ma- ternal grandfather, Azor Orne, was a colonel in the American army of the War of the Revolution, making a distinguished record for gallantry and earning for himself a permanent place in the history of his country. He also took a leading part in the exciting and dangerous times im- mediately preceding the Declaration of Indepen- dence, and was instrumental in a large measure in shaping the policy of the colonists in Massa- chusetts at that time, having been chairman of the general committee appointed by the people to consider the infamous Stamp Act of Great Britain. The house in which he resided still stands on Orne street, Marblehead, and is pointed out to sightseers as one of the interesting spots in that old town, so rich in historic places. Col- onel One's brother, Joshua, also took a prom- inent part in Massachusetts during early Co- lonial times. His paternal ancestors were little less conspicuous in the services they rendered to their country during those trying times. The father of Mr. Edwards was one of the leading educators of New England, having charge of institutions of learning at Marblehead and else- where for many years, and many of the leading men of Massachusetts and other states have been at times under his instruction. In 1847, on ac- count of failing health, he came to St. Louis, in the hope that the change would be beneficial to him. He remained there until 185 1, following his profession, in the latter years removed to Belleville, 111., where he accepted an important position in the public schools. His health rapidly failed, however, and he died in 1852, and lies buried in Belleville. The mother of Mr. Ed- wards died at Marblehead in 1847, an d she was buried there. Losing his parents at this tender age, his uncle, Col. Adoniram Orne, was early appointed as his guardian. Always of a self-reli- ant nature, Charles disliked to be dependent upon his relatives and resolved to make his own way in the world. Having this desire and being full of the spirit of adventure, he took service at the age of seventeen years on a whaling vessel bound on a three years' cruise on the Atlantic and In- dian oceans, for he was determined to see the world, as well as to establish himself in an in- dependent position. At the end of three years he returned to Marblehead, having had many and varied experiences in some of the remotest sections of the globe. Three months after his return, in November, 1858, he sailed on a whal- ing vessel bound for the Indian Ocean. The ship arrived there in due time, but not meeting with success, and having a captain whose treatment of the sailors was such as to make life intoler- able to men of spirit, Mr. Edwards and another PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 675 sailor deserted the vessel and swam in the night- time over two miles to the Isle of France. This was a most dangerous feat, for the waters about the ship were filled with sharks, but the two ad- venturous youngsters reached land in safety. Here he remained for thirteen months employed iii various occupations, and shipped on a vessel for Liverpool, Eng., by the way of Bombay, Mad- agascar and Zanzibar. In 1861 he came again to the United States and in October enlisted as a seaman in the U. S. navy and was assigned to the gunboat New London, and during the en- tire time of his service until his discharge on account of illness in 1863, he was under the command of Admiral Farragut. Returning to Marblehead to recuperate his health, which had been badly undermined during his service in the navy, he remained there for some time and then went to St. Louis, to visit a sister. In 1886 he opened a boot and shoe store in St. Joseph, con- tinuing in that business there until July, 1867, when, selling his mercantile interests, he went to Julesburg, Colo., then one of the most active towns of the West. Not finding the oppor- tunities here equal to his expectations, in Sep- tember, 1867, he located in the city of Cheyenne. This was during the earliest history of that town, and Mr. Edwards was one of the first merchants to engage in business there. He opened a general boot and shoe store in Cheyenne in a small frame building made of very rough lumber, which was freighted 150 miles by bull teams and cost $150 per thousand. He still has pictures of the old store, one of the first erected in Cheyenne, which he values very highly. Here he continued in merchandising until 1870, when in the great fire of that year, which destroyed so large a portion of the city, he lost his entire stock of goods. Having now to commence again at the bottom of the financial ladder, Mr. Edwards took a po- sition on the Union Pacific Railroad, where he remained for three years, but in 1875, he took up a ranch seven miles west of Cheyenne, and engaged in dairy-farming, which he followed with great prosperity for ten years, then disposed of this property, purchased his present ranch on Chugwater, about forty miles from Cheyenne, 42 and engaged in cattleraising. He has since de- voted himself to this business, and has met with great success, at this writing (1902) having a ranch of over 2,000 acres patented and well fenced and improved, besides several thousand acres which he controls under lease from the state. He is counted as among the solid and sub- stantial stockmen of Wyoming. On November 17, 1867, Mr. Edwards was united in marriage with Miss Anna Thurston, at St. Joseph, Mo., who died on October 25, 1878. She was a na- tive of Missouri and a daughter of Doctor and Mrs. Lucy A. Thurston, the former a native of North Carolina and the latter of Missouri. ■ The parents of Mrs. Edwards were of old Southern stock and among the earliest of the pioneers of Missouri. To this union four children were born, Anna, Bessie, Charles H. Jr., and William C, all are now living. The daughters are both married, and Mrs. Anna (Edwards) Davidson enjoys the distinction of being the first living white girl born in the city of Cheyenne, the date being January 30, 1868. The son, Charles H. Edwards, Jr., resides at the home ranch and assists his father in the management of their extensive stock interests. On November 7, 1879, Mr. Edwards was married at Marbleheaa, Mass., with Miss Mary Rodgers, a native of that place and a daughter of William and Eliza- beth (Martin) Rodgers, both natives of Massa- chusetts, and representatives of old Colonial fam- ilies. Mr. Edwards is affiliated with the Be- nevolent Protective Order of Elks and also is a member of the Grand Army of the Republic, also of the Union Veterans' Union. It is well known that no one can become a member of the latter organization who was not under fire in the great Civil War. Politically, he is a stanch Re- publican and during all his life he has taken an active and prominent interest in public affairs. For a number of years being the popular postmas- ter at Iron Mountain. His career, from earliest boyhood to the present, has been crowded with unusual experiences and he has seen life in many phases, and in all quarters of the world. His extensive travels and adventures by land and sea have given him a great fund from which to 676 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. draw interesting reminiscences, and it is a de- lightful pleasure to listen to them. He is a man of sterling character, loyal to his friends, indus- trious, persevering and unfaltering in his de- votion to principle. His fine traits. of character, inherited from his Puritan ancestry, and culti- vated during his long life of struggle and en- deavor, have won for him the respect and ven- eration of all who know him and made him de- servedly popular among a very wide circle of warm personal friends. R. L. PREATOR. R. L. Preator, of Burlington, Wyo., head of the mercantile house of Preator & Griffin, which is one of the best-known and most imposing com- mercial institutions in this part of Bighorn coun- ty, this state, is a pioneer of 1890 in Wyoming and in all respects a product of the Northwest. He was born on August 27, 1857, in Utah, whith- er his parents, Richard and Mary (Harper) Preator, came from their native England a year preceding his birth. His father became promin- ent and influential in the Mormon church, and is now one of the council of the Seventy in its government. He lives at Independence, in the state of Missouri. His wife died in Utah on February 28, 1878, and was buried in that state. R. L. Preator was reared in his native state and received a limited education in its public schools. On leaving school he learned the blacksmith's trade and for a number of years worked at it in connection with work in the mines and the quartz mills. He then went to Nevada and was employed on the Denver & Rio Grande Railroad until 1883, when he removed to Cassia county, Idaho, and remained there seven years engaged in farming. In 1890 he came to Wyoming and settled in Star Valley, and, on September 5, 1893, located in the Bighorn basin on the land which is now his highly improved ranch and adjoins the townsite of Burlington. On this place he has since been occupied with a growing farming and stock industry and aiding in building up and developing the town and surrounding conn- try. He was the first postmaster at Burlington, holding the office five years. In 1899 he opened a mercantile establishment in the town and con- ducted it for a short time, then sold it and en- gaged in railroad construction under contract, building the road into the Bighorn basin. In 1902 he formed a partnership with Henry Griffin and they purchased the merchandising business in which they are now jointly engaged. They carry a large stock of general merchandise and supply the wants of a large and appreciative trade throughout an extensive range of country. Mr. Preator also owns 320 acres of excellent land and a considerable part of the townsite of Burlington. He is active in local public affairs and in the councils and work of the Church of the Latter Day Saints. In this organization he belongs to the order of the high priesthood and has rendered in many ways signal service to the interests of the church. On February 1, 1884, he was mar- ried in Cassia county, Idaho, to Miss Margaret Mcintosh, a native of Utah. They have nine children living, Rodney, Ray, Alice, Sarah, Eu- gene, Theresa, Joseph, Wallace and Maude. Mr. Preator is one of the leading citiens of Burlington and is highly respected by all classes of the peo- ple of his own and adjoining counties. W. W. PEAY. The multiform activity of the human mind and its great functional adaptability, provide a genius for every sphere, an architect for even- needed structure, an artisan for every piece of work that human life and human history re- quires. In the wide diversity of duties involved in the building of a state, or conducting any sort of complicated enterprise, every man and every form of human capacity can find scope, for to some are given one work and to others another. In the social and civil economy of Wyoming and other portions of the Northwest, it fell to the lot of W. W. Peay to employ both the talents nature gave him and the attainments he had se- cured by study and practice, not in unveiling hidden stores of mineral wealth, in operating gi- gantic commercial establishments nor by inaug- urating and developing great industrial enter- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 677 prises, although he has been more or less con- cerned in all of these, but his special function seems to have been to lay out the land and definitely fix its metes and bounds for the pro- tection of public and private interests, and aid in administering the laws which govern both. He is the county surveyor of Bighorn county and he has been occupied with civil engineering and surveying of one kind or another in various places from his early manhood. The place of his nativity is Little Rock, Arkansas, and he was born there on June 29, 1853. His father, Gordon N. Peay, was a native of Kentucky, and his mother, whose maiden name was Olive Mont- gomery, was born and reared in Arkansas. In i860 they moved to Wilson county, Kan., and there reared and educated their son, his academic training being received mainly in the public schools, and his professional education coming almost wholly through his own private study and through active practice. In 1880 he came to Wyoming and, locating at Laramie, was em- ployed at civil engineering on government sur- veys under Downey & Grant. In 1883 he opened an office at Rawlins for the practice of his pro- fession as a civil engineer and surveyor, and soon after was elected county surveyor of the county in which he had settled. He filled this office until 1887, and at the end of his term came to the Bighorn, locating on the river three miles below Basin, and in 1889 he moved to Bonanza, where he remained two years. In 1891 he home- steaded a portion of the land which now forms his residence and since then he has been engaged to a limited extent in the cattle business. In 1898 he was appointed a commissioner of the District Court, a position which he still holds, and in 1900 he was elected county surveyor of Bighorn county, and reelected in 1902. He has also served four years as justice of the peace and for a long period as a member of the school board. But while busily occupied as a surveyor, fixing the boundaries of district and counties, as well as the limitations of private holdings, at the same time establishing the "forms and putting into beneficent activity the forces of civil power, he has not neglected commercial interests. He is a stockholder in the Bonanza oil fields, and is connected influentially with other mercantile enterprises of magnitude and value. He is a Freemason in fraternal relations, being enthus- iastic in his devotion to the order. He was married in Kansas in 1879 to Miss Lissa Thayer, a native of Minnesota and a teacher in the public schools of that state. They have seven children, Shirley, wife of W. A. George ; Elda, Anna, Ro- land W., Mabel, Paul and John. Mrs. Peay has been postmistress at Jordan since December, 1900, and has discharged her official duties with credit to herself and satisfaction to the patrons. JOHN REID. A leading citizen of Albany county, and one who is also prominent in the public affairs of the state of Wyoming, is the Hon. John Reid, whose address is Hatton, Wyoming. A native of Scot- land, he was born in the city of Glasgow, in 1846, and is the son of George and Jeannette (Kellie) Reid, both natives of that country. His father was born in 1819, and was engaged in the busi- ness of contracting in Scotland, following that occupation in the city of Glasgow down to 1882, when he disposed of his property in his native country and removed his residence to America, where he located in the city of Laramie, and there remained up to the time of his decease, in May, 1884. The mother passed away in Scotland in 1879 at the age of fifty-eight years. She was the mother of five sons and three daughters and a woman of great strength of character. John Reid grew to man's estate in his native country, and received his early education in the public schools of Glasgow. When he had completed his school life he engaged in business with his father and remained at home until he had ar- rived at the age of twenty-three years. He then set sail for the New World. Upon his arrival in America he proceeded to the state of Wisconsin, where he established his home in Milwaukee, and secured employment in the rolling mills operating at that place. He here continued in this em- ployment until 1875, and in February of. that year, he removed his residence to the city of 678 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. Laramie, Wyo. Here he again entered into the service of a rolling-mills company, and remained in that business until 1884, when he resigned his position for the purpose of engaging in ranching and stockraising. Purchasing a ranch on the Little Laramie River, in Albany county, where he now resides, he entered into the stockgrowing industry, in which he has from that time been continuously engaged. He has met with great success, having steadily added to his holdings, both of lands and cattle, until now he is the owner of a fine ranch of over 1,700 acres of land, well fenced and improved, and with all the necessary buildings and conveniences for the carrying on of an extensive stockraising business. In 1869 Mr. Reid was united in marriage with Miss Margaret Bailey, a native of Scotland and the daughter of William and Agnes (Chapman) Bailey, both natives of that country, and highly respected citi- zens of the city of Glasgow. No children have been born to them, but they have reared and given a good home to not less than six adopted children, and their home is noted for the gener- ous and very gracious hospitality which they take pleasure in dispensing to a large circle of friends and acquaintances. Mr. Reid is affiliated with the Masonic order, and takes a deep interest in the fraternal life of the community where he resides, being especially active in all work of charity and helpfulness to those less fortunate than himself. Politically, he is a stanch member of the Republican party, and for many years has been active and prominent in the councils and leadership of that political organization in both county and state. Oftentimes he has been urged by his fellow citizens to become a candidate for public office, but has usually declined to do so, preferring to devote his entire time and attention to the care and management of his extensive pri- vate business affairs, but, recognizing the fact that, under our system of popular government, it is the duty of every citizen to interest himself to some extent in public affairs, at least to the extent of perceiving that its legitimate business is carried on with honesty and with efficiency, he consented to become during a period of four years an active member of the board of county commissioners of Albany county, and also as a member of the State Legislative Assembly for a period of four years. To the pub- lic service he brought the ability, integrity and painstaking care that have ever characterized his business career, and gave to the public business the attention and fidelity that have made him so conspicuously successful in his own business transactions. Many measures of legislation, use- ful to all the people of Wyoming and especially so to the live stock interests of the state, owe their origin to the ability, industry and patriotism of Mr. Reid and to the conscientious manner in which he discharged the duties of his public trust. He is one of the foremost citizens of his state, both in business and in public life, always prom- inent in the advocacy of every measure calculated to benefit the people of his county or to promote the best interests of the state. No man in his section of Wyoming has done more to develop the resources of the state or to serve the wel- fare of the people, for he is progressive, popular, and always actuated by patriotic moth^es. ROBERT E. RATH. Robert E. Rath, of Shell, on Shell Creek in Bighorn county, is a pioneer of 1881 in Wyo- ming, who has been of great service in helping to develop and build up several portions of the state. He is a native of Jersey City, New Jer- sey, belonging to families long resident in Ger- many, and active for generations in making it the great and busy manufacturing and commer- cial empire it has become. His life began on April 27, 1862, and when he was two years old his parents, Charles and Mary Rath, who had come to the United States from the Fatherland soon after their marriage, moved to Monroe county. Wis. At the age of ten Robert left home to make his own way in the world, going to Minnesota and, after remaining four years in that state working at various occupations, he se- cured steady employment in a flouring mill where he remained five "years, rising by merit in the scale of his employment and mastering by dili- crent attention every detail of the business there- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 679 in conducted. In 1881 he came to Bismarck, Dak., and soon after brought a band of horses from there to Montana, disposing of them at Miles City, and taking up his residence tempor- arily at Huntley in that state. From there in June of the same year he came to the Bighorn basin of Wyoming with a partner, locating on Stinking Water River, and there built the first cabin in the spacious area that is now Bighorn county. In 1882 he began an eight-years ser- vice in the employ of Henry C. Lovell, for a considerable portion of the time being his ranch foreman. Learning thoroughly in this engage- ment all about the stock business, as he had learned in his former one all about the milling business, in 1892 he located on his present ranch on Shell Creek with a view of conducting there a general farming and stock industry. This he promptly inaugurated and since then he has been vigorously carrying on these enterprises with in- creasing herds and rapidly expanding agricul- tural operations. His ranch comprises 160 acres of fine land, which he has improved with judic- ious and systematic labor and expenditures .in buildings and equipment, which supports with bountiful provision for their welfare his cattle and horses. He is one of the wide-awake and progressive men of his section, and the condition of his land, the character of the improvements he has made and the excellent condition of his stock all unite in testimony of the fact. Frater- nally, Mr. Rath is connected with the Modern Woodmen of America, and is vice-chancellor of his lodge. He was united in marriage with Miss Eliza Pense, a native of Illinois, on April 19, 1894, the marriage occurring at Shell, where the lady was then living. They have had four chil- dren, the first born, Lottie M., died in childhood. The living are Robert E., Jr., Vina M. and Ralph. Mr. Rath has been a public spirited citizen and has given constant and careful attention to the welfare of the community in every' way. When he first took up his residence in this part of the country it was infested with thieves and rob- bers, who had become bold by their continued success and apparent immunity from punishment. As a member of the first jury summoned in the county, and by vigorous pursuit and defiance of the lawless element in other ways, he was of great assistance in ridding the county of their presence and making it an unsafe harbor for evil-doers. The spirit of vigorous enforcement of the law thus awakened has been conspicuously active ever since, resulting in making Bighorn one of the best governed counties in the state. GEORGE S. RUSSELL. A scion of old Pennsylvania families, active and serviceable in the history of the state from early Colonial times, the son of parents who left their family associations and the scenes and tra- ditions of their native state and became early settlers in Ohio, where he was born on August 15, 1850, and, passing his childhood there and on the prairies of Illinois, and his youth and early manhood among the mountains of Colo- rado, George S. Russell, of Ishawood in Bighorn county, has had a varied experience -and seen many phases of human life. When he was five years old his parents, Benjamin O. and Mary (Lytle) Russell, who had moved from Washing- ton county, Pa., to Ohio, again moved with their young family to Whiteside county, 111., and re- mained there two years. At the end of that time they took another flight toward the setting sun, locating in Gilpin county, Colo., where their son George was reared and partially educated. As he approached years of maturity he was entered at the Worcester (Mass.) Military Academy, and in that institution received the finishing courses of his education, and, soon after leaving its classic halls he' began to learn the trade of a carpenter. When he had finished his apprentice- ship he worked at his trade in Colorado until 1885. He then came to Wyoming and located at Lander, now the countyseat of Fremont county. Here he found profitable employment at his spec- ial craft, for in a new and growing country the mechanical branches of usefulness are always in great demand. He remained in Fremont county until 1897, carrying on a thriving farming indus- try in connection with his carpenter work. In that year he removed to Cody, and in 1900 to his 68o PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. present residence on the South Fork of Stink- ing Water River, near the town of Ishawood. Here on a valuable homestead, which he then took up, he has since resided and carried on with vigor and success an expanding stock busi- ness, keeping it up to an elevated standard and pushing its development with the energy and breadth of view characteristic of himself and his ancestry. In the same year he was elected county commissioner for a term of four years and is discharging his official duties at this writing (1903) with great credit to himself and advan- tage to the people and the county in general. He was married at Empire, Colo., in 1879, to Miss D. H. Kirkland, a native of the state. They have five children, Erald, Mary C, Lydia O., Bertha O. and Abby L. Mr. Russell is an active and esteemed member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Woodmen of the World, taking an earnest and appreciative interest in the proceedings of both orders. His active and useful life has made him secure in the confidence and good will of his fellow citizens of the county, while his business capacity, breadth of view, pub- lic spirit and progressiveness have given him a high place in public estimation as a forceful, wise, enterprising and safe public official and representative man in his community. HENRY RITTERLING. This well-known gentleman is one of the sturdy American citizens to whose intelligence, sterling honesty and sturdy industry the great West is indebted for much of the prosperity which it today enjoys. He is a native of Han- over, Germany, and dates his birth upon March 4, 1845. His parents, also natives of Hanover, were George and Mary (Blanck) Ritterling, the father for many years being a manufacturer of flour in the land of his nativity. Both parents passed their lives in Hanover and, side by side, they sleep the dreamless sleep of death in the same old cemetery in which rests all that is mortal of many generations of their ancestors. Until his fourteenth year Henry remained with his parents and attended the public schools. At that early age he was thrown upon his own re- sources and during the seven years following worked as a farm hand. On attaining his major- ity he joined the Hanoverian army and served as a soldier until the consolidation of the different German countries into the German empire, when, not caring to remain longer under the govern- ment thus established, he left the Fatherland and came to the United States, where, for some time after his arrival, he worked in a grist-mill at Rochester, N. Y., and later was employed in a lamp factory in the same city until occurred his enlistment on September 12, 1870, when he joined Co. L, Fifth U. S. Cavalry. He was first ordered to Fort McPherson, Neb., where the command remained one year, being then trans- ferred to Camp Grant, Ariz., at which place it was stationed until 1875, then going into camp at Graham Mountains, where Mr. Ritterling passed one summer and the following winter saw considerable active service fighting the Indians who had become very troublesome. The regi- ment was kept quite busy operating against the wily foe until the next spring, when it was or- dered to Fort Lyons, Colo., remaining there until transferred to Fort Robinson in 1876. It was on the latter march that Mr. Ritterling passed through the part of Wyoming which he subse- quently selected for his home. From Fort Rob- inson he accompanied his command to Fort Mc- Pherson, and, in 1877, was sent to Fort Wash- akie, Wyo., and thereafter marched to join the forces under Generals Sherman and Crook through the Big Horn country, passing on the way over the country of Custer's disastrous fight on the Rosebud and also witnessing many other points of interest. After fighting the Indians to a finish and spending the winter of 1877-78 at Fort Russell, Mr. Ritterling's regiment was sent against the savages in the northern part of Wyo- ming, in the fall of 1878 returning to Fort Wash- akie, where it remained until 1880. The next move was to Fort Robinson, when the period of enlistment of Mr. Ritterling expired and he re- ceived his discharge at that place on September 12, 1880. Mr. Ritterling's military experience in this country covered one of the most exciting: PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. periods in the history of the West and, from the time of entering the army until honorably dis- charged, he proved his loyalty and bravery by faithful, conscientious and dangerous service. He was with his command in many thrilling and dangerous • situations, but never shirked a duty, however onerous, and was ready to march against the foe whenever it was necessary so to do. In his own country he also saw much active service and has in his possession the discharge which speaks of faithful performance of duty and hon- orable conduct during his period of enlistment. On severing his connection with the army Mr. Ritterling spent the following winter on a visit to the familiar scenes of his native land, but re- turned to the United Statesjn 1881 and accepted a position as an ambulance driver with General Crook's command at the military post of Owaho, Wyo. In the fall of the above year he was em- ployed by the government to drive a number of mules to Fort Collins, Colo., and, after remain- ing at that place until the spring of 1882, he came to Laramie county, Wyo., and purchased his present ranch, located three miles west of Fort Laramie, where he has since been engaged in cattleraising. His ranch is situated on the Lar- amie River and among its improvements are a building and a corral, which were erected about forty years ago when the place was a station on the old California trail. Mr. Ritterling has made many additional improvements on his land and now owns 600 acres, all lying on the Laramie River and especially well adapted for cattle rais- ing. It is also a historic location and is far the best-known ranch in this part of the state. Mr. Ritterling is very widely and favorably known among the successful live stock men of the coun- ty in which he lives. He was married in the summer of 1883 to Miss Margaret Hars, of Germany, the ceremony being solemnized in the city of Cheyenne. After a short but happy wed- ded experience, Mrs. Ritterling was called to her reward, dying on July 9, of the year following her marriage. She possessed excellent traits of character and was a devoted member of the Lutheran church. Mr. Ritterling is also identi- fied with that body of worshipers. WALTER ROADIFER. With a well-improved, thoroughly irrigated and skillfully cultivated ranch of 120 acres of good land lying four miles north of Sundance in Crook county, now under lease to a good ten- ant, and another one of 200 acres on Canyon Springs Prairie, on the Sundance and Newcastle road, half way between these towns, which he occupies as his residence, Walter Roadifer would seem to be beyond the reach of adverse fortune and secure in comfort and plenty for the remain- der of his days. He is also well-established in the regard of his fellow men, whom he has served by both precept and example in all that exempli- fies the best elements of American citizenship. He was born on December 31, i860, in La Salle county, Illinois, being a son of William O. and Helen (Laughlin) Roadifer, natives of Ohio and Illinois respectively. Until 1872 the father was a merchant in Iroquois county, 111., and at that time he removed to Jasper county, Ind., where he passed a 'number of years in farming and is now dealing in grain on a large scale. Walter Roadifer attended the public schools of Iroquois county, 111., until he was twelve years old, when he removed with his parents to Indiana and there finished his education. After leaving school he farmed in Indiana until he was twenty-four years of age. In 1885 he came to Wyoming and locat- ing at the town of Sundance, then newly created, in Crook county, which only a year before had been segregated from its former allegiance and risen to the dignity of a separate political entity, he preempted a claim about a mile from the town and there pushed a vigorous industry in farming for three years. In 1888 he disposed of his property and returned to Indiana, where he farmed for five years, being married during that period, on September 9, 1891, to Miss Anna L. Hecox, a native of the state and daughter of Melso and Mattie (Curry) Hecox, her father being one of the prosperous farmers of Jasper county and a representative citizen of the Hoosier state. In 1893 Mr. Roadifer returned to Wyo- ming and settled on a ranch he took up four miles north of Sundance, and there he continued his 682 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. farming operations and stock industry, also con- ducting a dairy business which was extensive and profitable. In May, 1901, he removed from his old homestead to a new home on Canyon Springs Prairie, on which he now resides, and carries on a thriving business as a progressive farmer. This place consists of 200 acres and is well improved and carefully and skillfully cultivated. His tastes running, however, to livestock, he is about to re- turn to the stock business and give his attention to that in a large measure. His family consists of two children, Arthur V. and Harold M. He is an active member of the Methodist Episcopal church, as is his wife, and he is an ardent Repub- lican in politics. He is a gentleman of influence and standing in his community and has rendered material and substantial aid in the development of the county of his adoption. No person in the wide extent of Wyoming has rendered more faithful service in all lines of life's duties. ASAHEL B. ROBERTSON. Conspicuous among the enterprising live stock men of Laramie county is Asahel B. Robertson, a New Yorker by birth, but from his early youth a resident of Wyoming, with which common- wealth the interests of his life has been closely identified. In his veins flows the blood of long lines of sturdy Scotch ancestors, and he combines in his individuality many of the sterling traits of that strong and virile nationality. His parents, John L. and Agnes E. (Mungle) Robertson, were natives of Scotland, but came to the United States in 1852, settling in Delaware county, N. Y., where the father engaged in agricultural pur- suits. In 1884 they moved to Pine Bluff, Wyo., where Mr. Robertson became interested in the live stock business, but, after remaining there about thirteen years, he returned to his former home in New York, where he spent the remain- der of his days, dying on May 2, 1902, and his widow' is still living there in Delaware county. Asahel B. Robertson was born in the county of Delaware, N. Y., on March 1, 1866. and passed the first eight years of his life at the place of his birth. In 1884 he was brought to Wyoming by his parents and during the thirteen years fol- lowing he lived at and near Pine Bluffs, devoting his time to ranch work with his father. When his parents returned to New York in 1897 he remained in Wyoming, having the preceding year taken up his present ranch, which is situated nine miles east of Fort Laramie in Laramie coun- ty. On taking possession of his place Mr. Rob- ertson at once turned his attention to cattleraising, which he followed for a time and abandoned. His ranch is well adapted to all kinds of agricul- tural purposes and quite a number of substan- tial improvements have been made thereon by the enterprising proprietor within the last few years. It also lies in one of the best grazing sec- tions in this part of the state, and affords rich pasturage for many more cattle than the area now accommodates. Mr. Robertson is a young man of energy and determination, imbued with progressive ideas, who, by his own efforts has won a large measure of success, being now well situated in life and with a promising future be- fore him. He annually raises and sells each year a large amount of hay, which business he has found quite profitable. Of Mr. Robertson, per- sonally, much might be said in terms of praise. His character is irreproachable, his integrity has always been above the shadow of anything savor- ing of dishonor, and his influence, exerted on the right side of every moral question, has been potent for good in the community. While living at Pine Bluffs he' served two terms as a constable, aside from which he has held no public office, nor has he any political aspirations, preferring the more quiet and eminently more satisfactory life of a private citizen. The Presbyterian church represents his religious creed, himself and wife being devoted members of that body of worshipers. Mr. Robertson was happily married on May 29, 1900. to Miss Mary A. Sandercock, of Fort Laramie, Wyo., a daughter of Thomas B. and Harriet A. Sandercock, both natives of Pennsylvania, the nuptials uniting them being celebrated at Greeley, Colo. They have a bright little son, Earl. Mrs. Robertson has been her husband's active colaborer in all of his under- takings and presides over the household with an PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 683 ease and grace which sweetens the welcome of all who claim the generous hospitality of their home. She is highly esteemed by her neighbors and her numerous friends and is interested in religious and charitable work throughout the county. . She is a member of the Order of the Eastern Star, belonging to Alpha Chapter, No. 2. BENJAMIN ROBINSON. A prominent ranch and stockman of Lander, Fremont county, Wyoming, is the subject of this sketch. A native of the state of Tennessee, Mr. Robinson was born near the city of Knoxville, on August 6, 1840, and is the son of Richard and Mary (McMillan) Robinson, both natives of Tennessee, where his father followed the occu- pation of contracting and teaming and passed away in 1850, leaving a family of four children, of whom Benjamin of this review was the eldest. Being thus orphaned and left without means of support, he was obliged to leave school at the early age of ten years and was actively engaged in farming during the years immediately ante- cedent to the Civil War. He then enlisted in Co. F, Third Tennessee Infantry, C. S. A., and participated in many engagements during the war ; among others the desperate battles of Bull Run and the siege of Vicksburg. During the greater portion of the time he was in the service he acted as a scout, and was seven different times made a Federal prisoner, but each time made his escape. At the close of the war he removed his residence to Texas, where he continued to make his home until 1883, when he removed to Wyoming, and took up the place where he now resides. Here he engaged in ranching and stock- raising, in which he has met with success, being now the owner of one of the finest and best improved ranches in that section of the state. He grows large quantities of alfalfa and handles the best grades of cattle. By his energy, close attention to business and tireless industry, he has built up a successful business, and is counted among the prosperous citizens and substantial property owners of Fremont county. In October 1866, in the state of Georgia, Mr. Robinson was united in marriage with Miss Margaret Hobbes, a native of the state of Tennessee, and the daughter of Thomas and Jane Hobbes, prominent citizens of that state. To their union have been born seven children, Laura, now the wife of Charles Mortimer, residing in the state of Ore- gon ; C. Barto, also residing in Oregon ; Ollie, the wife of William Slain, of Fremont county, Wyo. ; Oscar ; Cora ; James ; Ora. Mrs. Robinson, who was* a woman of fine character, and a devoted wife and mother, passed away from earth in 1897, being buried at Lander, Wyo. Mr. Robinson is one of the representative men of Fremont coun- ty, and is held in high esteem by all classes. BARNETT G. ROGERS. Barnett G Rogers, of near Basin, stockgrow- er, farmer and mail contractor, a pioneer of 1884 in Wyoming, is a native of Boone county, Ken- tucky, where he was born on August 25, 1858, the son of Owen and Elizabeth (Carter) Rogers, also natives of Kentucky. He was reared and educated in his native state, and, after leaving school, be- gan life for himself in the operation of a farm, the vocation to which he had been trained by apprenticeship and long application on his fa- ther's place. ' In 1883, when he was but fifteen years of age, he went to Texas and for a vear en- gaged in the stock business in that state. In 1884 he came to Wyoming, and, locating at Lander, was .occupied for three years in the lumber busi- ness and then spent one year in California. In 1889 he returned to Wyoming and took up his residence in Bighorn county, homesteading a por- tion of the land on which he now lives, and giving his energies at once to its improvement and de- velopment. He has increased his ranch to 320 acres, and has made it a beautiful home, enhanc- ing its many natural advantages of scenery and feature by a judicious. location of buildings and arrangement of trees and fine shrubbery. It lies along the Bighorn River, which not only enriches its meadows with annual freshness and verdure, but affords water for its other uses and gives variety to its outline and landscape. Here he runs a herd of 100 fine cattle and a large number 684 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. of horses of good breeds and high grade. He also has a one-half interest in a coal mine near the ranch which is full of promise and is already yielding good returns for the labor expended on it. In addition to his other interests and occupa- tions Mr. Rogers has for years carried the mails under contract between Thermopolis and Basin. Fraternally, Mr. Rogers is connected with the Masonic order, and has been for twenty years. He finds much pleasure in the social features of the order, and thoroughly enjoys the teachings of its mystic symbolisms. He was married in Bighorn county in 1898 to Miss Nina Mason, a native of Illinois. They have one child, their son, Alva. In the upbuilding and development of a new country, where every man is obliged to bear his portion of the burdens and is entitled to his share of credit for the results, in the full measure of his capacity and his activity, Mr. Rogers would anywhere have won a high stand- ing as a man of public spirit and enterprise. Here he has made a record that is creditable to himself through work along the lines of healthy prog- ress for the communitv and which has been of great benefit to the neighborhood in which he lives. And in this department of public service, aiding and sustaining whatever tends to the gen- eral weal, he is ever foremost and zealous, wise in counsel and diligent in action. He is highly esteemed throughout a large circle of friends and acquaintances, and stands well and popidar in the general public confidence. JOHN SEAMAN. No man's destiny, scarcely his vocation, can be predicted with certainty in this great re- public. He who starts out at twenty-one a law- yer, doctor or farmer, is very likely to be found at forty years, following a very different voca- tion. The land is full of opportunity to energy, thrift and self-reliance, and he who has a clear bead, a stout heart and a willing hand can make his way successfully, albeit with many a strug- gle and privation, which will only sweeten the triumph when won. Something of this has been the fate of John Seaman, a prosperous and ex- tensive rancher and stockgrower of Bighorn county, Wyoming, who was born on October 23, 1859, m Pennsylvania, where his parents, Elias and Emilia (Ludwig) Seaman, were also native. The circumstances of the family did not afford John much opportunity for attending school, and, when he was fourteen years of age, desire and duty combined to impel him to seek his fortune where there was a wider range of opportunity, so he left home for Illinois, which was then a portion of the West. Through effort and strug- gle he reached that haven of his hopes and ac- cepted employment on a farm. For six years he made a comfortable living in that state at that occupation, then, in 1879, when he was twenty, looked farther toward the sunset and came to Greeley, Colo. Ten years later he sought a new field of operations in Wyoming, locating at Bo- nanza in Bighorn county, where he spent five years in the mercantile business in partnership with Ferd Bernstein. He then located on 320 acres of land on No Wood River, and began rais- ing stock and farming. This dual enterprise he continued on that land until 1899. He then sold out and purchased the place he now occupies, which comprises 400 acres of good land well im- proved and a large part of which is under an ad- vanced state of cultivation. His herd consists of 200 cattle, which are well-bred and well cared for. Mr. Seaman's business is exacting, but it does not wholly absorb his attention and time, for he seeks recreation in the meetings of the lodge of Odd Fellows to which he has belonged for a number of years, and in various other organiza- tions social in character. The affairs of his neighborhood and county also have their due share of his interest and all good enterprises have his active aid for their advancement. In 1899, at Bonanza, he was married to Miss Eliza Spratt, Irish by nativity, but for many years a much esteemed resident of this country. DANIEL T. SCULLY. An experience full of interest, and contain- ing many years of heroic service for his country, has been that of Daniel T. Scully, a prosperous PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 685 stockg-rower and respected citizen of Boxelder, Wyoming. A native of the old city of Natchez, Mississippi, he was born there on January 30, 1848, and is the son of James and Elizabeth (Ev- erett) Scully, the former a native of Ireland and the latter of Mississippi. The father was a tailor by occupation, and followed that calling up to the time of his death, which occurred in Mem- phis, Tenn., where he was then residing, in February, 1899. The mother passed away in the same city in November, 1901, and both lie buried in Memphis. The father, during his long and va- ried career, had been a great traveler, for emi- grating from his native country of Ireland when a very young man, he first settled in Mississippi and engaged in tailoring, then in 1849, he joined the great stampede to the newly discovered gold fields of California and remained in that state for some years, subsequently returning to the East, where, in the state of Louisiana, he resumed his business of tailoring. In his later years he re- moved to the city of Memphis, where he remained during the closing years of his life. Daniel T. Scully grew to man's estate in the city of Natchez, Miss., and there received his early education in the public schools. At the age of seventeen years he went from Natchez to Memphis, where his parents were living. The great Civil War, which was then raging, filled him with a spirit of pat- riotic enthusiasm, and in October, 1863, he en- listed as a soldier in the Eighty-ninth Indiana Infantry, and began that service to his country in which he was destined to pass so many of the best and most active year's of his life. His en- listment was for "three years, or during the war," and, after atime,he was transferred to the Twen- ty-sixth Indiana Infantry, with which he served until the close of the war. During most of this time he was with the Army of the Cumberland. He was engaged in a number of battles and in the engagement at Pleasant Hill, La., he was se- verely wounded. He, however, recovered from his injuries and continued in the service. At the close of the war Mr. Scully enlisted in the regular army at Indianapolis, Inch, on March- 2, 1866, was appointed a corporal and assigned to the Eighteenth U. S. Infantry. In 1869, his term of service having expired, he reenlisted, this time being assigned to the Seventh Infantry. He served in this regiment for five years, acting as sergeant during the greater part of that time. At the end of this term of service, he again en- listed and became a member of the Ninth Infant- ry, serving five years as a sergeant in that regiment also. In July, 1879, he was mustered out at the expiration of his term of enlistment at Camp Carlin, in the city of Cheyenne, Wyo. While a member of the regular army he served at different forts in the territories of Montana, Utah and Wyoming, and had many thrilling adventures on the frontier and in engagements with the Indians. After his final discharge in 1879 ne purchased a ranch on Lone Tree Creek, about nine miles southwest of Cheyenne, and there entered upon the business of cattleraising. His efforts were attended with marked success, and, in 1883, he disposed of his ranch on Lone Tree and established himself on his present ranch property on the Box Elder Creek, situated about twenty-five miles west of Cheyenne. Here his success has continued, and he is now the owner of a fine large ranch, well fenced and improved, with large tracts of hay land and an extensive range, with a comfortable place of residence, with all modern conveniences. He is one of the pros- perous and successful ranchmen of his section of country, and by reason of hard work, perse- verance and strict attention to business, has ac- cumulated a fine property, to which he is making additions from year to year. On July 6, 1873, Mr. Scully was united in marriage at Helena, Mont, with Miss Elizabeth Confrey, a native of Ireland, the daughter of Patrick and Julia (Burns) Confrey, both natives of that country. The parents of Mrs. Scully were residents of Dublin, Ireland, where they remained up to the time of their death. In the company of relatives and friends who were emigrating from Ireland to America, she came to this country in 1866, and came to the territory of Montana about 1871. Mr. and Mrs. Scully have no children. They are devout members of the Roman Catholic church, and are deeply interested in all church and char- itable work among the poor of the communities 686 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. where they have resided. Politically, Mr. Scully is identified with the Republican party, and fre- quently takes an active part in public affairs, be- lieving this to be the duty of a good citizen. It is most interesting to hear him relate his varied experiences in the army and on the frontier dur- ing the most exciting period in the settlement of the western country, and his rugged traits of character have won for him the admiration and respect of all with whom he has been associated. HON. CHARLES E. SHAW. Hon. Charles E. Shaw, of Otter Creek, near Bigtrails postoffice in Bighorn county, Wyoming, is one of the wealthy and progressive stockgrow- ers and farmers of the state, and he has acquired his possessions and won his high place in public regard by his own efforts. He is a native of Iowa, where he was born on May 23, 1859, the son of Andrew J. and Emma (Baird) Shaw, who were born and reared in Muskingum county, Ohio, and removed to Iowa early in their married life. In his native state their son, Charles, grew to manhood and was educated, and, in 1879, when he was twenty years old, he came west to Denver, Colo., and, after passing a short time there, he removed to Fort Lupton. In that section he rode the range in the cattle industry until 1886, when he came to Wyoming and located on the ranch which is now his home on Otter Creek. He established there a stock industry, which has grown to large proportions and is conducted on the most scientific principles applied in the most practical way. Nothing in the business that is of value is wanting to the complete equipment and proper management of this ranch, and the results are commensurate with the outlay of time, energy and skill. The ranch comprises 960 acres of land, with a favorable variety of range and meadow, and the herd numbers 1,000 well- bred cattle of superior grade and prime condition. In addition there is a large band of fine horses, to whose breeding and rearing the utmost care is given. Mr. Shaw's attention is not wholly absorbed in his business, for he is a gentleman of progressive ideas and great public spirit, es- pecially interested in the cause of education, al- though every good enterprise for the welfare of his community receives his cordial aid and en- couragement. He gives to the spirit of improve- ment, with which he is closely in touch, all of his best efforts to secure its proper trend and development, and allows no partisan, factional or personal interest to interfere with his taking what seems to him the side of any project most conducive to the general weal. Yet he is ardent and zealous in his party allegiance, and was elected a member of the State Legislature in 1900. In that body in reference to public affairs he dis- played the same conscientious care and wisdom he exhibits in his private business, and devoted to the interests of the people the same energy, clearness of vision and lofty integrity he gives to his own. His services were of great value to his immediate constituents, having also force and influence foV good throughout the state. He was married at Buffalo, Wyo., on August 3-1, 1898, to Miss Ora Chatfield, a native of Nebraska and daughter of C. S. and Mary E. (Morrow) Chatfield, the former a native of Ohio and the latter of Ilinois. They reside in Colorado. Mr. Shaw's parents have both died. His father passed away on October 23, 1884, and his mother on May 20, 1901. His own family consists of one child, his son, Charles E. Shaw, Jr., who was born on October 13, 1899. In all walks of life and by all classes of the people Mr. Shaw is highly esteemed as a leading citizen, a benevolent man and a promoter of the best interests of the county and state in which he has cast his lot. WILLIAM LEE SIMPSON. William Lee Simpson, prominent as a lawyer and public. man of Lander, in Bighorn county, Wyoming, was born at Fort Lyons. Colo., on January 26, 1868, the son of John P. and Mar- garet (Sullivan) Simpson, the former of an old South Carolina family, prominent in the affairs of that state from Colonial times, and the latter of - a similar Virginia ancestry. They were among the early settlers in Colorado, the father being a government contractor and a prominent PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 687 Indian fighter and scout in the early days and one of the early business men of Denver, Colo. He was active in the development of the section in which he lived,' aiding materially in opening and constructing the road from St. Louis to Denver in the earlier sixties. Of late years he has been engaged in the stock business, he and his wife living at Jackson, Uinta county, Wyo. Of their seven children six are living. William L. Simpson began his education at North Denver, where he attended school until he was ten years old, he being the eleventh pupil to present himself and' -so make up the number required to form a real school at that place. In 1878 his father removed for a time to the Black Hills and he remained with his grandfather at Loveland, Colo., attending school there until he was fifteen. At that time where Loveland now stands flourishing wheat fields gladdened the heart of the farmer with their annual harvests. In 1883 Mr. Simpson came to Lander and began working on a stock ranch, continuing this occupation until Decem- ber, 1889, and while pursuing it he acquired some stock of his own. He then began the study of law under direction of Mr. Douglas A. Preston, and finished his three-years' course under that of Mr. Charles Allen, being admitted to the bar on July 12, 1892, since which time he has been in active practice. On the- day of his admission to the bar, his active connection with public af- fairs began, he being elected on that day to the first state convention of Wyoming, and in the following autumn he was elected to the office of prosecuting attorney for Fremont and Big- horn counties. In 1895, after the conclusion of his official term, he removed to the Jackson Hole country, where he had an interest in land and stock, and at once made himself felt as an influential factor in the development of this beau- tiful section of the state. During his residence there the Indians became troublesome, and, pre- ferring to practice his profession, he returned to Lander, after disposing of the most of his inter- ests near Jackson Hole. He had, however, kept up his professional work by practicing at Evans- ton and in Idaho. Mr. Simpson deserves his prominence and success in life. He has the moral and intellectual qualities on which success is properly based, and the application and clearness of vision -to make the most of his opportunities. He is one of the most prominent and influential men in his part of the state, and, being now in the prime of life, with all his faculties in vigorous health and exercise, he may confidently look for- ward to the distinguished career his friends and acquaintances predict for him. Professionally, he stands high and finds his services in great demand. He is the representative of the Sho- shone Indians in their litigation against the gov- ■ ernment, and has a representative clientage among all classes of people. His property inter- ests are considerable, and his prosperity is well assured. He has town property at Thermopolis and Jackson, having been the founder of the latter place, and has valuable holdings in oil and mining lands in various places. Fraternally, he is connected with the Freemasons and the Wood- men of the World, holding membership in the local lodges of these orders. On October 18, 1894, he was married to Miss Maggie L. Bur- nett at Lander, Wyo., a daughter of Fincelius G. and Elizabeth Burnett, her father being the head farmer at the Shoshone agency. Three chil- dren have blessed their union, Emma Virginia, Burnett McDowell and Milward Lee. CHARLES SMITH. Prominent among the well-to-do German- American citizens of Laramie county, Wyoming, is Charles Smith, now one of the leading stock- men of Davis ranch, in that state. He is a native of Germany, having been born in Strasburg, in the province of Lorraine, on May 18, 1855, the son of Charles and Elizabeth (Bart) Smith, both natives of Lorraine. His father followed the occupation of farming in his native country up to the time of his decease. The subject of this review received his early education in the schools of the province of Lorraine. When he had at- tained to the age of seventeen years, reports reached him of the wonderful country across the sea in the New World, and of the opportunities which were there offered to young men of steady PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. habits and industry, and he determined to seek his fortune in America. Arriving here in 1873 he first settled in Pennsylvania, where he secured employment in various portions of that state, working both as a stonemason and as a farmer. He remained here until 1876, when he joined the stampede to the Black Hills of Dakota, where great discoveries of gold had recently been made. Here he located several claims,' and engaged in mining with varying success until 1878, when he disposed of his interests in the Black Hills and removed to the territory of Wyoming. Here he secured employment on cattle ranches, determ- ined to acquire a practical knowledge of the cat- tle business. He remained in this employment for two years, and in 1882 he located his pres- ent ranch property on Horse Creek, in Laramie county, about thirty miles north of the city of Cheyenne. He made a small beginning in the stock business, adding to it as his means would permit, and also worked on other ranches, and also on the railroad, for the purpose of earning the money to invest in his business. He continued in this way, gradually building himself up and securing a footing in the cattle business until 1887, since which time he has resided continu- ously on his ranch, and has given his entire at- tention to the management of his own business affairs. His principal industry is cattleraising, but he is also the owner of a large number of horses, and has now a well improved ranch of 440 acres of fine land, with adjacent range privi- leges. He is one of the self-made men of that sec- tion, who by hard work, perseverance and frugal- ity, have raised themselves to a position of pros- perity and standing in the community. On Oc- tober 14, 1889, at the city of Elgin, 111., Mr. Smith was joined in the bonds of holy wedlock with Miss Sophia Schlinsker, a native of Milwaukee, Wis., and the daughter of Henry and Veronica Schlinsker, natives of Germany. The parents of Mrs. Smith were married in the city of Milwau- kee. Her father followed the occupation of farm- ing in that vicinity, and also was engaged in the business of making brooms in the city. Sub- sequently he disposed of his interests at Milwau- kee, and removed his residence to Elgin, TIL. where he continued to transact an extensive busi- ness in the manufacture of brooms, up to the time of his decease, which occurred -in 1895. The mother passed away in' March, 1900, and both are buried in Elgin. Three children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Smith, C. Frank, Leo S. and Maria F., all of whom are living. The family are devout members of the Roman Cath- olic church, and deeply interested in all matters affecting the works of religion or charity in the community where they reside. Politically. Mr. Smith is a stanch adherent of the Democratic party, and takes an active interest in public af- fairs, never seeking office for himself, but ever being earnest and loyal in his support of his friends and in the service of his party. He is one of the most respected citizens of his section of the county, standing in high esteem. JAMES T. H. SMITH. A true pioneer of the West, inasmuch as he was the first white boy born within the limits of Antelope county, Nebraska, and now an ener- getic and prosperous business man of Atlantic City, Wyo., Mr. James T. H. Smith was born on November 22, 1871, in the locality above stated, a son of James H. and Kizzie (Dobson) Smith. natives of Iowa.. The father was an active farm- er and stockman for many years and at present is devoting his attention to a profitable merchan- dising undertaking at .Clearwater, Neb. He was the son of Henry Smith, who was a native of England, while his mother was of Scotch birth. v Henry Smith came to America in the early part of the nineteenth century and was a veteran and a pensioner of the War of 1812. James H. Smith inherited his father's military predilections and gave a long and faithful service to the Un- ion cause in the Civil War, suffering as a prisoner the horrors both of Libby and of Andersonvil'e prisons. James H. and Kizzie Smith were par- ents of ten children, nine being now living. Their names in order of birth are, Carrie, married and living- in Nebraska ; Hattie, wife of Leonard Wil- loughby, of Gregory county. S. Dak. ; James T. H. ; William L.. residing in South Dakota ; Lillie, PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 689 wife of Samuel Smith, of Colorado; Pearl, also married and living in Clearwater, Neb. ; Grace ; Ernest ; Arthur ; Edith, died in infancy. After receiving the educational advantages of the then primitive schools of Nebraska, Mr. Smith applied himself to practical agricultural labors on Ne- braska farms until 1890, in which year he came to Wyoming and for two years thereafter he was occupied in riding on the range and in other occupations, engaging in 1892 in the saloon busi- ness at Atlantic City, and continuing in this enterprise until the present writing, making many friends and being known as a man of bright busi- ness faculties, keen intelligence and excellent judgment, a representative citizen and also a man taking a great interest in public affairs of a local character. He is generous in his impulses often contributing freely to matters of improve- ment. He has an interest in the Empire mine, an extension of the Duncan, and holds other valu- able property interests. LARREY L. SMITH. Larrey L. Smith, of near Fenton in Bighorn county, Wyoming, is one of the representative and progressive men of this state, who, unlike most others of his class, was born within her lim- its and has passed almost all of his life on her soil, thus being her product, as well as one of the best types of her enterprising citizenship. His life began on September 8, 1863, and his parents- were Timothy M. and Amanda (Arnold) Smith, natives of New York, who, on the threshold of their new life, soon after their marriage, came to the Northwest and cast in their lot with its awak- ening energies and joined the forces that were busily occupied in giving them proper trend and development. At the time of the birth of their son, Larrey, their home was at Fort Laramie, then in the territory of Dakota, where his father was an army surgeon. When their son, Larrey, was a little over a year old they removed to Colorado and took up their residence near Fort Collins. There the father resigned his position as surgeon of the U. S. government in order to devote his medical skill to the service of the scattered set- tlers of the new territory, and there they lived until 1876, when they returned to this state and located at Rawlins. After a limited and irreg- ular attendance at the primitive schools that were available to him, Larrey went to work to earn his own living as a range rider, and continued to follow this vocation until 1889 in that portion of the state. He then came to the Bighorn basin, took up the ranch on which he now lives, and while he was reducing it to cultivation and pre- paring it for the cattle industry in which he had determined to embark, he rode the range for a living and to obtain the means of starting his business. For five years he braved storm and danger in this hazardous occupation in the prolific cattle region to which he had come, at the end of that period settling on his ranch, where he became a producer of the leading commodity of the section instead of a paid employe, protecting and preserving it for others. He has 160 acres of good land which shows the evidence of his skill and industry in its improvements and the advanced state of cultivation to which much of it has been brought. On this he now raises num- bers of horses, cattle and hogs, giving special at- tention to procuring choice breeds and maintain- ing a high standard of excellence in quality. Mr. Smith has so far walked life's way alone, push- ing his business forward to vigorous vitality and large development, and aiding in securing for the community in which he lives every advantage in progress and commercial and in industrial strength the circumstances will allow, at the same time stimulating' by judicious counsel and active assistance all of its educational and moral forces. He is an enterprising, wide-awake, far- seeing and useful citizen, neighbor, friend and companion, and is highly respected and esteemed. SAMUEL SMITH. A frontier, character celebrated in the history of Wyoming, who has made his home at Lara- mie for a period of thirty years, is the subject of this brief review. Born in 1846, he is a na- tive of Bucks county, Pennsylvania, a son of Samuel and Mary (Cope) Smith, both natives 690 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. of that state. The father was born in 1818, and followed shoemaking up to the time of his death, which occurred in 1865. He was a prominent member of the Methodist Episcopal church, and is buried at Hilltown, Bucks county, Pa. He was a -good man, industrious, charitable to the poor, useful to his fellow men and highly respected. The mother passed away from earth in Bucks county, Pa., in 1854, at the age of thirty-one years, and lies buried by the side of her husband. She was the mother of five children, Samuel being the youngest one. Samuel Smith mar- ried for his second wife, in 1854, Miss Frances Yost, and to them were born two children. She survived her husband eleven years, and was bur- ied by his side in Hilltown, Pa. Mr. Smith grew to man's estate in his native county, and received such early education as his limited opportunities permitted in the public schools of that county. At the early age of twelve years he was compelled by circumstances to leave school and to make his own way in the world, owing to the un fortun- ate death of his mother while yet in early life, and he secured employment at various occupa- tions in the vicinity of his former home for a number of years. When he had attained to the -age of nineteen years, the spirit of adventure led him to seek his fortune on the western fron- tier. Disposing of his property in his native state, he went to the city of St. Joseph, Mo., then one of the leading outfitting places of the West for overland travel. Here he provided himself with a mule team and necessary outfit, and in company with others started on the long trip across the plains to the city of Denver, Colo. The trip occupied thirty-six days, and was filled -with many incidents of danger and hardship, as the Indians were very bad. Finally arriving safe- ly at Denver, he engaged in mining in that vicin- ity and at Russell Gulch, meeting with varying success until 1872, when he disposed of his in- terests in Colorado and removed his residence to Wyoming, where he established his home at Lara- mie, and has been a resident of that place ever since. At different times since his residence m Wyoming he lias followed various occupations, having been engaged in mining, hunting, fishing, scouting, and also employed as guide for distin- guished hunting parties from the eastern states and Europe. He has had an interesting and var- ied experience on the frontier and has been the associate and friend of many of the reputable border characters, whose record and achieve- ments are familiar to the readers of the pioneer history of the country. He has never sought no- toriety, but the history of his life and experi- ences on the plains would make a highly inter- esting volume, and he should be prevailed upon to set them down for the benefit of coming gener- ations. In 1890, at Canton, N. J., Mr. Smith was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth Pres- ton, a native of England and the daughter of Benjamin and Elizabeth Preston, respected resi- dents of that country. She passed away in 1894, aged thirty-four years. All of their four chil- dren, James, Edward, Charles and Ernest, are deceased. Mr. Smith is one of the peculiar pion- eer characters of his adopted state, and he en- joys the highest respect of all who know him. CHARLES KARNER BUCKNUM. One of the early pioneers of the great west, where he has long been connected with business life under conditions that try men's souls and one of the brave and daring soldiers of die Union army and later a scout of the Indian wars, Mr. Bucknum is now peacefully engaged in the unromantic but eminently useful occupa- tion of a livery man at Casper, Wyoming, standing prominently among its business men. He was born in Miami county, Ind., on October T2, 1847, son OI Kelb and Evaline (Lumesdan) Bucknum, natives of New York, who early re- moved to Peru, Ind., where the father conduct- ed a drug business until 1852, then g'oing to California, where he died in 1854, Charles being his only child. In 1856 the mother transferred the family home to Minnesota, where her son was a diligent pupil of the public schools when (lie "sounds of war's alarms" were too attract- ive to resist and on July 25. 1863. he enlisted to serve his country in Co. F, Hatch's Cavalry Battalion, being mustered in at Fort Snelling PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 691 and kept on garrison duty until the winter of 1864, when they were sent down to Savannah, Ga., in time to participate in its capture, re- maining- there until April, 1866, when they re- turned to Fort Snelling" for muster-out on the 26th. Mr. Bucknum was thereafter a resident of Minnesota until 1868, when he went to Fort Stevenson, N. D., to be the wagon boss of Wilder, Merriman & Co. on their trips west- ward across the plains. On their first trip the U. S. mail carriers met them east of Fort Tot- ten and warned them of danger from the In- dians, stating that two carriers had been killed at Big Hollow on the line of their route. On arriving at that place at nine in the evening they found the bodies of the carriers lying on the ground filled with arrows and scalped, and here the_v camped. Soldiers arrived on the next day who buried the bodies and the wagon train experienced no trouble. At Fort Buford their party remained some months running a hay train and having several contests with the In- dians, who on one occasion attacked the train, shooting three men and on the same day killing four others at the hay camp. Amid these dan- gers the party finally went on to Fort Claggett, and some time thereafter Mr. Bucknum en- gaged in trapping and hunting, making head- quarters at the mouth of the Musselshell at Clenclenning's tradingpost. Game and fur were plentiful and Mr. Bucknum was busily and profitably employed for several years, the only drawback being the presence of the Indians, with whom he often had to contest, sometimes driving them off and sometimes being forced to run and having several narrow escapes from death. In 1871 he made his first trip to Fort Benton, there making headquarters until 1877, when during the Nez Perce War he was the guide to Colonel Ilges, with whom he was at Cow Island when the Indians made a crossing and burned 250 tons of government freight. Killing the guard they went up Cow Creek, killed one of the Barker brothers and destroyed two ox teams of Barker Bros, and four ox teams belonging to a man by the name of Cooper, now living in Montana. While at this 43 work Colonel Ilges surprised them, but was de- feated, losing one man and two wounded. Re- turning to Cow Island the next day the troops returned and buried the dead, Barker's dOg re- fusing to allow any one to touch his body until the brother came. That night Colonel Ilges was informed that Colonel Miles was crossing the Missouri below the Musselshell and Mr. Bucknum was sent to tell him the location of the Nez Perces and to be his guide. Starting at 10 in the morning Mr. Bucknum overtook Colonel Miles north of the Little Rockies at three o'clock in the afternoon of the next day, being his guide until the Nez Perces were found, when the great four day battle com- menced. On the third night Colonel Miles sent a dispatch by Mr. Bucknum to General Terry, who was no miles away. Making the ride safe- ly in twenty hours, he immediately retraced his steps with a message for Miles and, meeting him on the Missouri with Indian prisoners, he was again sent to Terry, who was hastening to the Canadian line to form a treaty alliance with Sitting Bull, and then accompanied Terry to Fort Walsh, where the interview with the In- dian chief did not result in a treaty. The next winter Bucknum scouted for General Gibbons and the next summer for General Brooke, whose operations were around the Bear Paw and Little Rockies with twenty-eight compa- nies of U. S. soldiers. They also located Fort Assinniboine and when General Ruger was or- dered to that post the next year Mr. Bucknum was instructed to report to General Ruger. Continuing in the government service at this fort for some months later Mr. Bucknum was seriously injured by the fall of a safe that was being loaded on a wagon, breaking his ankle and from this injury he still suffers. He retired from the service of the government in April, 1880, and thereafter conducted freighting oper- ations until 1883 with good success, later being engaged in profitable construction contracts on the Elkhorn Valley Railroad then being built to Casper, there establishing a livery business in which he is still engaged, having a good feed stable in connection. He is also running a fine 692 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. band of sheep of excellent character. Mr. Buck- num is actively interested in G. A. R. matters, has attained to the Thirty-second degree in Freemasonry and takes more than the average share of public honors and duties, being in pol- itical faith a Republican. He has been the effi- cient chairman of the board of county commis- sioners for two years and is at the present writ- ing serving his third term as mayor of Casper. He has been twice married, first with Delia Williams in July, 1886, who died in 1889, leav- ing a daughter, Winnie. In 1890 was consum- mated his marriage with Miss Ida Rowe of Montana. Their residence is one of the com- fortable homes of Casper and the resort of many people, for their friends are as numerous as their acquaintances, holding as they do the reputation of aiding every public enterprise and private plan for the advancement of the com- munity and the state of their home. B. SPINNER. A native of Germany but a gallant defender of the American Union in the late Civil War, B. Spinner was born in 1834, a son of Amand and Cresia (Schmer) Spinner, the former of whom was native in the southern part of Germany in 1808 and was a farmer near the town of Renchen, where he died in 1867. The father of Amand was named Sulphus and died in 1842 when sev- enty years of age. Mrs. Cresia (Schmer) Spin- ner was also born in 1808 in the same part of Germany in which her husband was born and survived him until 1881, both died in the faith of the Catholic church. They left five children, of whom the gentleman whose name stands at the opening of this paragraph is the eldest. B. Spinner came to America in 1854 and for a short time lived in New York, whence he went to Pennsylvania, where he resided three months and then went to St. Louis, Mo., and was living there at the time the cloud of war threw its ominous shadow over the country of his adoption. Hav- ing by this time become imbued with an affection for America as strong as that he had felt for his native land, he at once enlisted in Co. K, Twen- tieth Missouri Infantry, but at the end of three months was so severely wounded as to be honor- ably discharged. After his discharge from the service and his partial recovery Mr. Spinner fol- lowed the fortunes of the army as a butcher and a buyer of cattle for army use until the close of the war in 1865, when he opened a meat market or butcher shop in St. Louis, which he conducted until 1867, when he started across the plains for Denver, Colo., meeting with a great deal of trouble from hostile Indians. In the month of May, 1868, Mr. Spinner abandoned the butcher- ing trade and in the fall of 1869 visited Chey- enne, Wyo., thence went to Fort Steele, and thereafter followed the course of the railroad to Beartown, a village now defunct, but where, on the morning after his arrival, he witnessed a specimen of border justice in the summary hang- ing of three freebooters. Mr. Spinner there opened a general store and butchershop, and af- ter a short time settled in Green River, Sweet- water county, Wyo., where he carried on the butchering business until he acquired a compe- tency, and where he is now living in retirement as a bachelor. Mr. Spinner has been more for- tunate with his store in Green River than he was with a branch store at Piedmont, Uinta coun- ty, Wyo., where he did a large general trade on the credit system with a bod} - of laboring men employed on the railroad. When the section was fully completed the contractor re- fused to pay off the men. Mr. Spinner then, in company with a number of other merchants, who also had little prospect of getting paid for their goods, heard of the coming of the general superintendent of the road and when the train bearing that official made its appearance the creditors sidetracked the superintendent's coach and presented their claims. Rut the official 're- monstrated and pointed out the fact that the United States mail was being obstructed and de- tained (a high crime) and the mail car was im- mediately replaced on the main line ; but the su- perintendent's coach was detained and payment insisted upon. The official was very kindly treat- ed, however, and entertainment offered him in the way of a fishing excursion while waiting for PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 693 the cash to come to hand, and the difficulty was finally adjusted by some of the merchants getting their money, while others were not so fortunate, Mr. Spinner being largely instrumental in bring- ing about this compromise. Mr. Spinner is a gentleman of unwonted enterprise and energy and is the original driller of the soda wells in his section of the country, having sold one and he is now engaged in the development of another that promises to be a grand success. He is genial and cordial with all, and is a prime favorite with the public, especially in business circles. THOMAS SPRATT. Ever since he was twenty years old Thomas Spratt, of the Bighorn basin of Wyoming, living not far from Hyattville, has been a resident of the Northwest, and for nearly a quarter of a century of Wyoming. He has given a considera- ble portion of his life to the development and up- building of this section, and is justly entitled to honorable mention in any record of the lives and achievements of the progressive men of the state, and also to the place he holds as one of the rep- resentative and leading citizens of the count}-, securely established in the confidence and esteem of its people and having the affectionate regard of his numerous friends. He is a native of Ire- land, born on December 25, 1859. His ancestors from time immemorial lived on the Emerald Isle, gave loyal support in peace and war to its in- terests, and also flourished as tillers of the soil. In 1872, at the age of thirteen, with high hopes and ardent spirits, he left his paternal roof and came to the United States, seeking its boundless and everywhere present opportunities for ad- vancement in the struggle for supremacy among men. He remained in New York until 1879, an d then came to Fort Collins, Colo., and spent a year breaking horses to service in that neighbor- hood. In 1880 he came with the Loomis & An- drews Cattle Co. to _ Wyoming and located a ranch on the Belle Fourche. Then the nearest postoffice to his place was Spearfish, 120 miles distant, yet the inconvenience was not deemed a special hardship, so inured to such privations were the dwellers on the frontier. Five years he passed on this ranch and one in the employ of the North American Cattle Co. In 1885, as a mem- ber of the firm organized to deal extensively in cattle, he came with a herd to the Bighorn basin. The firm remained in business three years and during that time he continued to bring cattle to the basin. Among the number were 220 Short- horns and six thoroughbred Herefords which were among the first animals of these breeds in- troduced into the county. In 1888 he bought out the interests of his partners, and, desiring a per- manent location and to establish himself in the cattle business on a large scale, he located on No Wood River, but soon after sold out and bought his present ranch of 640 acres, in addition to which he has 1,800 acres under lease. This body of land affords an extensive range for his cattle and enables him to handle with success a considerable number. He has generally about 500 head, and sometimes many more. He also owns the Mountain _ View Hotel at Basin and other valuable property elsewhere. He was mar- ried at Hyattville on February 22, 1888, to Miss Martha Allen, a native of Colorado, and it is a matter of neighborhood news that this was the first marriage in Bighorn basin. They have one child, their son, Robert W. Mr. Spratt belongs to the Masonic order and takes an active and serviceable interest in the affairs of his lodge. SAMUEL STRICKLER. Born and reared in the rural districts of Penn- sylvania, learning life's duties amid the thrifty and industrious population of that great state, and being thoroughly imbued with the spirit of economy and enterprise engendered through liv- ing in a large family with moderate means, Sam- uel Strickler, of Tensleep in Bighorn county, Wyoming, brought to the arduous requirements of a career in the state of his adoption a well-laid foundation for stable and productive manhood and useful citizenship, on which a superstructure of substantial and comely proportions had been partially erected by valuable experience in other places and amid a different class of people. He 694 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. was born on August 16, 1851, the son of John and Mary Strickler, also natives of the Keystone state and belonging to families resident there from Co- lonial times. In the public schools of his native place he received a limited education, and on its soil he grew to man's estate. When he was twen- ty-one years of age he determined to seek his fortune in the West, and to that end removed to Illinois, and there worked for Michael Sullivan, then the most extensive farmer in the world, who conducted on the prairies and bottom lands along the Mississippi an enterprise in the domain of . agriculture 'which almost staggered human be- lief by its magnitude and the vigor and success with which it was carried on. Many similar en- terprises have since surpassed it in volume and scope ; for in later times the great wilderness of the farther West has dressed herself in comely garments for the service of her lord and master, Man, and raised the unit of measure in land and farm work many times over. But in his day Mr. Sullivan's farming operations were stupendous and renowned. In 1874 Mr. Strickler removed to Colorado, and, with Pueblo as a base of oper- ations, engaged in the dairying business and also carried on a freighting enterprise of considerable magnitude. These engagements occupied him for three years. In 1877 he made his home in Utah and there conducted a farm of size and im- portance near Ogden. In 1879 ne so ^ ou ^ his interests in that state and removed to Cassia county, Idaho, and on May 20, 1883, came to Johnson county, Wyo., and locating at Fort Mc- Kinney, entered the employ of the Powder River Cattle Co. At the end of his service with this company he took up his residence on Beaver Creek and began a farming and stockgrowing industry on his own account, which he conducted until 1899. He then sold out to the Lee Land & Live Stock Co. and removed to the Bighorn basin. He purchased the old X ranch and re- newed his stock and farming operations which he is still carrying on in this well-known property. His ranch comprises 480 acres and is well im- proved. He has 350 fine cattle and 100 horses of good breeds and superior grades. Both cattle and horses are excellent in quality and have a high rank in the market. They are well cared for and their condition abundantly proves the wisdom of the close application of skill and sys- tem to the breeding and rearing of stock. On December 29, 1892, Mr. Strickler was married to Mrs. Margaret McKenzie, of Johnson county, a native of Canada and daughter of William and Mary Sutherland. Their family consists of an adopted daughter named Josephine Fay Strick- ler, who has been under their care since she was an infant of three years of age. W. J. STOVER. Pleasantly located on an excellent ranch on Tongue River, Wyo., where he is now pursuing the peaceful vocation of a farmer and stockgrow- er, although he was trained to the bar, and in the midst of a region wherein the depths of the earth call on men to come forward and bring their hidden wealth of coal and other minerals to the surface and the use of mankind, W. J. Stover is an example of the universal tendency in this western country to lead something of a pastoral life, whatever may be the surrounding conditions, and he shows in his course and his comfortable state the independence and advantage of such a life. Mr. Stover was born in Tennessee on June 25, 1837, the son of Solomon H. and Elizabeth (Nave) Stover, also natives of Tennessee, with ancestors who were pioneers of that state and who aided in subduing it to civilization and start- ing it toward its present great prosperity and development. His childhood, youth and early manhood were passed in his native state, and from the schools she sustains so liberally he secured the greater part of his scholastic edu- cation. After finishing this, in 1856 he became a teacher in the public schools and was at the same time a student of the law, teaching and studying in the winter and working on the farm in the summer until 1861. When his state passed the ordinance of secession and went out of the Union, he cast his lot with hers and enlisted in the Confederate army as a member of the Fifth Tennessee Cavalry. He was soon in active ser- vice in the field and participated in many hard PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 695 fought and sanguinary battles, that of Shiloh or Pittsburg Landing in his own state being among the most notable. In September, 1862, he was captured and carried as a prisoner of war to Indianapolis, Ind., where, being at heart a Union man and having no slaves or other Southern property at stake, he took the oath of allegiance to the Federal government and was set at liberty without a cent and with nothing to wear but his Confederate uniform. He went to Danville in an adjoining county and soon after began again to teach school, continuing this occupation until 1863, when Morgan's raid aroused the loyal spirit of the state to an intense enthusiasm and determ- ined resistance in which he joined and helped to drive the raiders out of the state. He remained in the service for local defense and to aid in quelling disloyalty until the end of the war. In 1864 his wife and children made their way through the Confederate lines and joined him in Indiana, and he remained there teaching school, studying law and practicing before justices of the peace until 1868. He then moved to what is now Cowley county, Kan., and there squatted on unsurveyed land, which he at once began to improve. Here he also was a teacher and prac- ticed law in justices' courts, remaining until 1879, when he sold out and moved overland to the Gallatin Valley in Montana, where he bought an unimproved homestead and lived on it five years. At the end of that time he moved into Bozeman and opened a law-office, having been admitted to practice by the Supreme Court of the state. In 1885 he took his family on a trip of observation through California, Oregon and Washington, and finally concluded to settle in Wyoming, which he did in 1886. Here he bought out a settler on Prairie Dog Creek, near Banner, in what is now Sheridan county, and once more started to im- prove his property. In 1887 he was admitted to the bar of Johnson county, and, in 1888, when the new county of Sheridan was organized, he was elected prosecuting attorney and opened an office in the village of Sheridan. He was reelect- ed at the end of his term and served a second. By this time he was able to prove up on his pre- emption claim to the land he had settled on, and then moved his family to Sheridan where they now live. He there continued in the active prac- tice of his profession until 1896 when failing eye- sight obliged him to relinquish efforts in that direction. Then turning his attention yet more fully to agricultural pursuits, he bought another unimproved tract of land from its occupant and induced his daughter to also homestead. This is on Tongue River, eight miles north of Sheridan, and here he has lived much of the time since, spending the rest at his home in Sheridan with his wife, who is living there. He has been much occupied' with, local improvements and has given his best energies for some years to their develop- ment. He built the largest irrigating dam in the county across Tongue River and constructed a ditch from it through to Rocky Creek, which has the largest dike in the county, doing the work principally with his own hands. He has now practically retired from active labor of all kinds and is spending the evening of an adventurous and useful life in quiet ease and leisure. In 1856, before he left Tennessee, Mr. Stover was married to Miss Nannie Carriger, a native of that state. They have had six children, five of whom are living : Etta B., the wife of George Harper, of Sheridan county ; Minnie, living at home ; Lena A., principal of the Sheridan high school and the county superintendent of schools; May B., also a teacher, who is at this writing taking a post-graduate course at the Indiana State Nor- mal School; and Laura, a stenographer. Their only son, Samuel, is deceased. HARRY K. SWENEY. Every man of mental activity and breadth of view, with capacity to carry more than one thought at a time, has a led horse in addition to the one he rides. His ordinary business occupies his energies in the necessary work of making a living and gaining a competence, and something entirely different gives food and opportunity for his entertainment and improvement in his leisure, and sweetens the toil of his more arduous labors. Harry K. Sweney finds his recreation in artistic work by brush and palette, and has adorned his 696 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. attractive home with many delightful creations of his art. He is, however, as diligent and sys- tematic in his farming and stockgrowing opera- tions as he is finished and skillful in his painting and drawing. In the state of Iowa, on December 15, 1870, his useful life began. His parents were Grigg and Lydia Sweney, and while he was yet an infant his father died. In 1879 his mother moved with her young family to Wyoming, hav- ing in that year been married to Mr. R. H. Aus- tin (see sketch on another page). They located at old Fort Halleck and lived there until 1885, then moved to Rawlins. In 1887 they came to the Bighorn basin and settled on Shell Creek where the next year, when he was eighteen, Harry took up a homestead on which he now lives. He has greatly improved his farm and runs from it, in partnership with his brother, Robert, 150 fine cattle and a number of well- bred horses. On October 25, 1899, he was mar- ried to Miss. Annie L. Thurmond, a native of Virginia, but for some years a resident of Sheri- dan, Wyo., where the marriage occurred. He is one of the progressive and highly esteemed citi- zens of his section of the county and deeply inter- ested in whatever conduces to its welfare. JAMES H. W. STRONG. While patriotism is by no means a family af- fair or limited even in a small measure to family lines, it cannot be denied that there is much of inspiration for it in the example of valiant an- cestors ; and it is equally true that some strains of blood are far more inclined to love of coun- try than others. The Strongs of New England and New York have all through their history shown a devout and serviceable loyalty to their country, ever being foremost in every struggle for its advancement in peace and war. They were early arrivals in the country, the first American of the name having come from England with the stern and God-fearing Puritans to Massachusetts in 1620. They bore their part bravely and effect- ively in the Indian wars and in the early civil proceedings of their portion of the New World. They were conspicuous for gallantry and endur- ance throughout the long Revolutionary struggle, went forward promptly and decisively at the first call to duty in 1812 and in the awful contest of the Civil War distinguished themselves on many a bloody field. State legislatures and the National Congress have echoed their eloquence, the bench and the bar have been adorned by their learning and integrity, all the learned professions and all the useful arts have owned their presence and their masterful influence. James H. W. Strong, a prominent rancher and stockgrower of the New Fork country in Fremont county, and the U. S. commissioner for his district, is a member of this family and in his life he has well exem- plified its sterling virtues. He was born in New- York City on January 6, 1869. His parents, James H. and Georgiana L. (Berryman) Strong, were also natives of the Empire state and city, and there the father carried on a flourishing and prosperous real-estate business. In the Civil War he was a lieutenant colonel in the Second New York Cavalry, and, after his return with a rec- ord of great credit, he resumed his business, which he continued to conduct until his death in his native city in September, 1900, at the age of seventy-nine years. His widow is still living there. His father, James Strong, was a soldier in the War of 1812, and his grandfather was a Revolutionary veteran, Mr. James H. W. Strong was the second of four children, of whom three are living. He attended the public schools of New York until he was eighteen years old, then engaged in mercantile pursuits in that city until 1896, in that year selling his interests in the East and coming to Wyoming for the purpose of carrying on a cattlegrowing industry. He found a suitable location, began on rather a small scale, but has increased his land to 400 acres and his cattle to a large herd. His business has pros- pered, he has grown in influence and force with his people, he has exhibited high traits of citi- zenship, which have brought him to the front in every laudable undertaking for the good of the community, and he is firmly established in the respect and confidence of those who know him. In 1899 he was appointed U. S. commissioner for this district, and is discharging the duties of PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 697 his responsible office with diligence and fidelity and with an intelligence that has won him golden opinions from all classes. He is a member of the patriotic organization known as the Sons of the Revolution, a valuable distinction. FRANK S. STRONG. Strongly endowed by nature with clearness of vision, quickness of apprehension and alertness in action, so that the opportunities presented for advancement have neither escaped his knowledge or been neglected in use, Frank S. Strong has made steady progress in the race for supremacy among men and the acquisition of this world's good from the time, when, at the age of twenty, he lifted the gage of battle in life's contest for himself, until now when, at but little over twice that age, he is comfortably provided with a com- petence, being well-established in his chosen line of business and secure in the respect and esteem of his fellow men. Mr. Strong's interesting and adventurous life began in the state of Illinois on February 8, 1861. His parents, John and Elizabeth (Robinson) Strong, were natives of New York and early settlers in Illinois. When he was ten years old they moved to Iowa, and there he completed his minority, lacking one year., and received a common-school education. In 1 88 1 he started out in life for himself, coming to Nebraska and locating in Red Willow county, where for a number of years he was actively en- gaged in farming. From there he went to Fort Scott, Kan., and was engaged in railroad work for a number of years, and then in Kansas City he opened a merchandising establishment. In 1889 he left the comforts and allurements of city life and went to the wild country of the Black Hills, casting in his lot with its rush of fortune seekers ; but, instead of following the almost uni- versal occupation of mining, he engaged in rail- road work and found it profitable until 1892, when he came to Wyoming for the purpose of joining the great army of enterprising and hardy men who were engaged in the stock industry. For three years he prospected for a suitable loca- tion for his enterprise, working at various useful occupations, and in 1895 took up land on the bor- der of which the town of Lovell has since grown up. He owns 720 acres adjoining the townsite, and in the town itself he owns and conducts a hotel, livery barn and saloon. He also owns 320 acres of land in Montana and has on it 150 fine cattle and fifty well-bred horses in addition- to the stock he owns in this state. He was united in marriage with Miss Ellen J. Noble, a native of Wisconsin, but reared in Iowa, at the time of the marriage a resident of Denver, Colo., where the ceremony was performed on October 19, 1885. They have two children, their winsome daughters, Lulie E. and Bessie F. Mr. Strong is not only a prosperous and enterprising man who pushes his own business with vigor and success, but he is a broad-minded, far-seeing and public spirited citizen, whose interest in the welfare of his county and state, and in the town in which he lives, is manifested by continual activity in behalf of all means of advancement and improvement for them and the benefit of his people. He is well esteemed as a leading and useful citizen, whose services are of high value and whose example "is an inspira- tion to others in the line of every good work. WILLIAM THAYER. Merchant, farmer, stockgrower, postmaster and the leading citizen in his neighborhood, and, by having resided in half a dozen states in dif- ferent parts of the country, William Thayer, of Fenton, Wyoming, is a man of large and varied experience, who has learned wisdom from asso- ciation with men in many places and under a great variety of circumstances. He was born in the state of Iowa in 1849, the SOn °^ Nelson and Mary (Cromer) Thayer, and while he was yet of tender years they removed to Minnesota where they lived for eight years. In 1868 they found a new home in Kansas, and in that state their son, William, grew to manhood and com- pleted his education. There, also, he started in life for himself, and, after pursuing his chosen vocation of farming for a dozen or fifteen years, he went to Florida in 1884 and from that time un- til 1891 he was engaged in contracting and build- 6 9 8 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. ing in the South. In the year last named he re- turned to the Northwest and settled in Wyo- ming, on land which is a part of his present farm of 200 acres, situated in Bighorn county, near Fenton, and became a stockgrower and farmer. In 1900 he opened a store at Fenton, which he is still conducting with cumulative profits, being the only mercantile enterprise of its kind in the town. In 1897 he was appointed postmaster at his home town and is still filling the office and performing its duties with fidelity in a manner that is creditable to the service and to himself, the office subserving in a commendable way the convenience of the community. He is an active member of the Masonic fraternity, holding mem- bership in the lodge at Meeteetse. In 1874 he was married in Kansas to Miss Alice McDon- ough, a native of Minnesota. They have seven children, George, Nina, William, Frank, McDon- ough, Harry, Theodore Roosevelt. JESSE THRAUS. This sturdy son of the land of Hamlet and the Norse kings, who is one of the progressive and enterprising citizens of Sweetwater county, Wyoming, with his residence at Rock Springs, has watched his flocks and herds in many lati- tudes and seen service as a herdsman under a great variety of circumstances. The rage of man has not been invoked against him, and no lines of strife with his fellows have been mixed with the more even tenor of his way.. But the rage of the elements has at times been poured out upon him and death through their violence has often come nigh. He was born in Denmark on August 24, 1855, a son of Thraus and Marie C. Jensen, the youngest of their seven children, all of whom are living. He was reared and edu- cated in his native land, and when he was only eighteen left its ihpressive scenes and associa- tions and came to the United States, seeking bet- ter opportunities of getting on in the world. On his arrival he at once made his way to Iowa, where he found work on a farm and a chance to attend the winter terms of school for three years. In 1880 he came to Rock Springs, Wyo., and for two years again worked on ranches, giving faithful and intelligent attention to his duties, and through his fidelity and skill rising to the position of foreman of W. D. Miller's cattle out- fit, a post of responsibility which he held and capably filled for twelve years. He passed the next seven years as foreman of the sheep industry of Doctor Murray, and thereafter traveled for a year or two. When he was again ready to settle down to steady occupation he found a place ready for him and took charge of the sheep business of Tim Kinney as foreman. This ex- tensive business he has managed in this capac- ity during the last five years with great advan- tage to his employer and to the satisfaction of all who are interested in its operations. His ex- perience in the hard winter of 1883, when many herders lost their lives by the severity of the weather, and also in many other times of ex- treme cold and heavy storms, were thrilling, and his escapes from death were often narrow and sometimes almost miraculous. Yet he is wedded to his business and gives it his conscientious and constant attention. The interests committed to his care are always under the strictest watch and have the best supervision that experience, study, close observation and a natural taste for the voca- tion can give them. Mr. Thraus is warmly at- tached to his adopted country and takes an earn- est interest in its welfare. Every commendable enterprise for its advancement, especially that part of it in which he lives, has his cordial and serviceable support. He is highly esteemed by those who know him, and well deserves the place he has in their regard. While his way does not lead along the majestic highways of history, he walks straight forward in the path laid down for him, discharging with fidelity and cheerfulness the daily duties of life, and thereby contributes essentially and directly to the benefit and happi- ness of mankind and the sheep in his care. GEORGE SUTHERLAND. From old Scotch ancestry, which lived long and serviceably in the land of song and story, and whose descendants, George Sutherland of PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 699 this review, and his immediate parents, have been among the enterprising and productive citizens of this country, came George Sutherland, of Ten- sleep, one of the progressive and wide-awake stockmen of this county, who was born in Can- ada in January, 1866, where his parents, William and Mary (McMasters) Sutherland, .were long settled and engaged in farming. Natives of Scot- land, they came to the Dominion soon after their marriage, and there prospered until 1873, when they removed to Chicago, 111., and not long after to North Platte, Neb. In that new land Mr. Sutherland finished the education he had begun in former homes. When he was seventeen years of age he came to Buffalo, Wyoming, and rode the range in that section until 1892 when he locat- ed on the Tensleep, where he now lives. The land he occupies he purchased in a partially im- proved condition, and at once began raising cattle and making vigorous efforts toward bringing his farm into a more advanced state of cultivation and development. It comprises 160 acres and is well adapted by natural situation and character, and also by the skillful and systematic attention which has been bestowed upon it, to the business which he conducts, and which he has increased in magnitude and raised in standard from year to year. He has 200 well-bred cattle and a num- ber of horses. His whole establishment is man- aged with vigor and intelligence and amply re- wards the care it receives, and he is well known throughout the surrounding country as one of the most advanced and enterprising stockmen of his portion of the county and as one of its most respected citizens. Mr. Sutherland was married on January 1, 1895, to Miss Fannie Warner, a native of Nebraska and daughter of Mark H. Warner, a highly esteemed citizen of this state (see sketch elsewhere in this volume.) They have two children, Gordon, born in April, 1897, and Clinton, born in October, 1899. It is from the sturdy and reliable qualities which make up the character of such men as Mr. Sutherland that the best elements of American citizenship are produced. Their course does not lie along the pinnacles of great affairs, but they perform with fidelity and industry the daily duties of life which are found at their elbows, and thereby build well their own fortunes and contribute essentially to the welfare of those around them. In his com- munity Mr. Sutherland has been attentive to every means of advancement and to all things which aid in the comfort, convenience and im- provement of the people. THOMAS S. TRIMMER. Thomas S. Trimmer, of near Marquette, Big- horn county, one of the industrious, enterprising and prosperous ranchmen and stockgrowers of the state, was born in New Jersey on September 29, 1865. His parents were Andrew and Susan E. (Shields) Trimmer, also natives of New Jer- sey, who removed to Illinois in 1868 and a year later to Anita, Cass county, Iowa. There their son, Thomas, grew to manhood on the farm, attending the district schools of the neighbor- hood as he had opportunity. In 1885 he left his home and came west to Billings, Mont., in the employ of the Bull Mt. Cattle Co., and, after a period of service with that organization, began a three-years' term with H. E. Ashelby at the same place. From Billings he came to the Big- horn basin of Wyoming in 1888 and went to work for John W. Chapman, with whom he re- mained until 1894. He then bought land as a home for himself and has increased its extent until he now owns 680 acres at the forks of the Shoshone River, where he handles cattle on a large and increasing scale. His herds of cattle are for the most part well-bred Herefords, and he runs a limited number of horses. In addition to the land he owns he has leased a considerable body and thus secures a wide range. Fratern- ally, Mr. Trimmer is connected with the Modern Woodmen of America. He was married at Bil- lings, in 1900, to Miss Dorothy Martin, a native of Bedford, Iowa, from childhood a resident of Sheridan county, Wyo., being the daughter of B. F. Martin, now a resident of Bighorn county, Wyo. Mr. Trimmer is one of the enterprising stockmen of this county, and also one of its leading citizens. His fine estate is the direct re- sult of his own efforts and has been accumulated 700 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. in this very county, for when he came here he had nothing, but he saw opportunities for success, and, with an energy equal to his clearness of vis- ion, he seized them and used them to his advan- tage. His progress has not, however, been wholly personal. In the welfare of the community and in the proper development of the county he has taken a due interest and has contributed to the vigor, enlargement and healthy activity of every moral, educational and social element and im- pulse for the advancement and improvement of the people. He is a substantial citizen with sub- stance for the general weal, an intelligent man with wisdom for the common good, an influential force with influence in behalf of the best and most enduring progress of his section. ENOCH TURNER. Belonging to the class that constitutes the productive and developing element of the com- munity, Enoch Turner, of Almy, Wyoming, and his excellent wife have done very well their parts toward the advancement of their section, and have displayed in a conspicuous manner the best traits of American citizenship, although receiv- ing their birth and educational training in the rural districts of England. Mr. Turner was born in Staffordshire, England, on September 9, 1844, being a son of John and Ann (Owen) Turner, his father also being a native of the same shire, where his life was passed in mining operations, dying at the age of sixty-six years, to be interred in the Derbyshire churchyard. The mother, born in the same locality as was her hus- band, after her death at sixty-seven years, was also conveyed to the Derbyshire cemetery. Their children were Hezekiah, Enoch and Lucy, the subject of this sketch being now the sole survivor. His educational and technical instructions were given in his native land, and Mr. Turner contin- ued to be there employed with a due measure of success until 1878, when he consummated a long cherished purpose and emigrated to America in November of that year. Coming directly to Almy, Wyo., he found that his valuable experi- ence as a miner in the Old World at once se- cured him employment here at very satisfactory wages and he continued his connection with the operation of the mines until 1895, being pros- pered in his employment, and rapidly gaining friends among both the miners and the citizens. Feeling the need of a change of existence, and having the necessary means to profitably engage in the branch of industrial activity of stockrais- ing, so largely conducted in this state, in 1895 Mr. Turner secured by homestead his present place of 160 acres, and here he is conducting cat- tleraising successfully in a modest way, running a choice herd. He has ever taken great interest in public and political matters from the stand- point of an intelligent reasoner, and has been three times elected to fill the responsible office of justice of the peace on the Populist ticket. He is in many ways a factor in the development and well being of the community, and has a large and ever expanding circle of friends. In Eng- land, in 1872, Mr. Turner formed connubial re- lations with Miss Fannie Boom, who was born in 1848, a daughter of George and Alice (Gibbons) Boom, of England. They were early members of the Mormon church, under its auspices coming to Utah in 1874, thence removing to Almy, Wyo., where the father engaged in mining until his death in 1891, at the age of sixty-six years, after which event the widow returned to Utah, where her death occurred in 1901 at the age of seven- ty-two years. Industrious, unpretentious and useful people, they faithfully fulfilled their earth- ly destinies and were honored and beloved by many friends. The family of Mr. and Mrs. Turn- er consists of these children: Alice; Annie; Enoch ; Millie, deceased ; Amy ;. Thomas ; Emma ; James ; David ; Minnie ; Georgie ; William, de- ceased, all having graced the home. VINCENT YAXOXI. From the mountains of Switzerland to the mountains of Wyoming is a long step in longi- tude and in political and social conditions, even when taken all at once and without intermediate halting. But when it implies a wide range of latitudes and an acquaintance with local customs PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 701 and peoples in many places, it is impressively sug- gestive in its enormous sweep. This step so ta- ken has been the fate of Vincent Vanoni of Ten- sleep, Wyoming, one of the prosperous and pro- gressive stockgrowers and farmers of Bighorn county. Since he was fourteen years of age he has been soliciting dame fortune's winning smile by his own unassisted endeavors, and he has followed her with assiduous and diligent at- tention. He was born in Switzerland on May 2.2, 1856, the son of John and Kate Vanoni, also natives of that country. In 1870 he came to the United States, landing at New York, where he remained six months. From there he went to Connecticut, and, after some. months of active work in that state, went to New Orleans where he passed one summer. From that interesting southern metropolis he came up the Mississippi to St. Louis in 1878, and from there a short time later proceeded to Colorado. In that state lie was in charge of a smelter for three years and then took up a ranch and engaged in raising stock until 1896. At that time he sold out in Colorado and came to Wyoming. Finding a suitable place far the continuance of his stock industry on the TeiVsleep River, he there located on the ranch he now owns and occupies, and once more he gave his time and attention to stockgrowing and culti- vating the soil, which had been for generations the vocation of his fathers in his native land. With the enterprise characteristic of his race, he set to work diligently to improve his place and make it not only fruitful but attractive, his home not only comfortable but tastefully adorned. In both aspirations he has succeeded, having now one of the most desirable places on the river, and which is, both in condition, arrangement and equipment, a credit to his thrift and his good taste. His herd also shows the effects of his care and skill and holds place in the estimation of cattledealers without praise and solely on merit. He has 200 head of cattle and the number is steadily increasing from year to year, the most of them being graded Herefords. He also runs a band of fine horses, and he is annually giving more and more attention to this branch of his stock business. He omits no effort on his part to secure the best results, and in scarcely any other business do forethought, close and system- atic attention and intelligence pay better than in breeding and herding stock. Mr. Vanoni has built his own fortunes, and so well-founded are they, and so systematically has the structure been erected, that he. is seemingly 'secure against all the winds of adversity, safely established in the lasting esteem and confidence of his fellow men. He is a citizen of public spirit and breadth of view regarding the affairs of the community in which he lives, being eminently upright and fair in his dealings with all mankind. He was united in marriage with Miss Jennie Chandler in 1888. She is a native of New Orleans, but was living at the time of her marriage in Colorado, and there the nuptials were solemnized. Both Mr- and Mrs. Vanoni are valued members of the best social circles in their community, active in every good work for its advancement or improvement. ROBERT A. WALN. One of the most substantial, influential and representative citizens of Bighorn county, Wyo- ming, is Robert A. Wain of Rome, a pioneer of 1878. He is a native of Iowa, where he was born in November, 1856. His parents were Henry and Elizabeth Wain, prosperous farmers in Iowa, the former being a native of Ohio and the latter of Indiana. They passed the greater part of their mature lives in Iowa, and there their son, Robert, grew to manhood and received his education, remaining at home until he was twenty-two years of age, then, in 1878, he came to Fort Fetterman in Wyoming and engaged in freighting. From the fort he came to Buffalo, and, in 1884, took up his residence in the Bighorn basin, where he located land and started a pros- perous industry in farming and raising stock, having now a tract of 520 acres of superior land and 325 graded cattle. He also runs a band of horses, keeping up the standard artd giving care- ful attention to their proper growth and mainten- ance so that the best results can be secured. Neither in cattle nor horses does he permit any admixture that would degrade his stock, and his 702 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. \ tendency is always upward in quality and strain. Mr. Wain has been a very useful citizen to the county and he has contributed freely of his time and energy to its advancement. He was for four years a county commissioner in Johnson county and served as a county road supervisor. In these positions, which are at best trying and difficult of satisfactory administration, especially so in a new country, where much of the natural wildness of the section still remains, conditions are not established and facilities are not abundant, he discharged his duties in a way which won him general commendation and was of great and last- ing benefit to the interests of his people. He was married in Iowa in 1887 to Miss Ena Tull, a na- tive of Illinois, and their union was blessed with seven children, six of whom are living, Clarence A., Clytie E., Charles F., Ray A., Ula and Reese M. Another daughter, Grace V., is deceased. The rapid and yet safe and substantial growth of the Northwest of this country has been a source of wonder and amazement alike to the thoughtful and the thoughtless, and many times is asked the cause of it. That cause is not a strange one nor one far to seek. It is to be found in the sturdy manliness, the progressive spirit, the breadth of view and the marvelous resourcefulness of the men, who settled this part of the country and put in motion in its institu- tions and activities the qualities of vigor and pro- gressiveness they have themselves possessed, and among the number few are entitled to more credit than Mr. Wain, the subject of this biographical review, who has met every demand of the most exacting citizenship in a masterful manner. MARK H. WARNER. In the march of American civilization and in its development wonders seem never to cease, and surprises in the progress of events as compared with those of other countries are so numerous, so great and so continual that they seldom attract more than a passing notice. Where yesterday the prairie bloomed in its virgin beauty, or the forest towered in the stateliness it had exhibited for countless generations, of men, today exist fine farms of generous fruitfulness, or mighty cities, humming with every productive activity. Within the memory of men now living what was once the far western frontier has become a part of the populous East, and what was then known as the untrodden waste or the unbroken wilderness of the remote and almost inaccessible W T est, the "Great American Desert," now produces in abun- dance every fruit of the most cultivated and elevated civilization, and abundance of nutritious grasses and prolific yields of grains and vege- tables. Mark H. Warner, a progressive and suc- cessful stockgrower and farmer of the Bighorn basin, Wyoming, has seen something of this won- derful advance of the all-conquering army of our people. His life began on May 6, 1851, in Michi- gan, then not far past her assumption of the offi- cial robes and dignities of statehood, having yet much of her soil as virgin as when it first be- came a part of this continent. He settled in Wyoming when the section of country in which he now lives was in much the same condition as that of Michigan, and he has seen and helped it grow into its present state of progress and devel- opment. His parents were Ezra B. and Frances (Clark) Warner, natives of New York and early settlers in Michigan, in which state he grew to man's estate and was educated. When he reached his majority in 1872 he sought opportunity and a home in Nebraska, locating a homestead near Red Cloud in Webster county. On this he lived, worked and prospered for twenty years, engaged in the peaceful occupation of a farmer. In 1892 he sold his interests and came to Wyoming. For a year he lived in Sheridan county, then, remov- ing to Bighorn, he located on the place which he now occupies and started his flourishing and well-established stock business. His ranch con- tains 240 acres of superior land and he has good herds of cattle and horses. In matters affecting the welfare and advancement of the community he has ever been deeply and intelligently inter- ested. He was one of the original promoters of the telephone company in Tensleep, being now one of its directors. In politics he is an active Republican and gives to the affairs of his party careful and effective attention, serving both as PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 703 a private in the ranks and in official station. He was for years a justice of the peace, while in 1902 he was elected a county commissioner for a term of four years. He was married at Red Cloud, Neb., in 1876 to Miss Sarah A. Munsell, a native of Wisconsin. They have five children, Fannie F., wife of George Sutherland of near Tensleep, of- whom more extended mention is made elsewhere in this work ; Delia, Burchard, Laird and Adene. Mrs. Warner's father, Lafay- ette Munsell, was a soldier in the Mexican War and valiantly sustained the reputation of the family in many of its battles. He was also a member of the Eighth Wisconsin Infantry in the Civil War, with which organization he served throughout the war. IRA U. WATERS. For nearly ten years Ira U. Waters, one of the leading merchants of Bighorn county, Wyo- mining, having a fine mercantile establishment at Lovell, where he is also postmaster, has been a resident of Wyoming and actively identified with its progress and development. He has become firmly fixed in the regard and esteem of the peo-. pie of the county as a good business man and an enterprising and public spirited citizen, a capa- ble and accommodating public official, and an en- tertaining and genial addition to the social life of the community. Mr. Waters was born on August 24, 1866, in the state of Ohio, where his parents, Randolph and Martha (Tracy) Waters, were also born and reared. He grew to man- hood and was educated in his native state, and. in 1887, when he was twenty-one, he moved west to Nebraska, locating sixteen miles to the west of Omaha, where he engaged in farming and rais- ing stock, two lines of industry which he had learned on his father's farm. For a period of seven years he followed these occupations in that state, then, in 1894, came to Wyoming, where he took up his residence on a homestead four miles below Lowell in Bighorn county, and there he was engaged in raising stock and farming un- til 1900. In that year he opened a general store at Lovell and soon after was appointed post- master. He is still carrying on the mercantile business and filling the office, doing both with great credit to himself and satisfaction to his patrons and those of the office. His stock of merchandise is extensive and complete, and is thoroughly down-to-date in every particular, be- ing chosen with an excellent judgment, based on a thorough knowledge of the wants and the tastes of the community, and also with a view to keeping the latter up to a high standard as well as fully satisfying the former. In addition to his merchandising enterprise, Mr. Waters still owns his fine ranch of 320 acres, and has on it a large herd of well-bred cattle, although he does not personally conduct the business there. In fraternal circles he holds membership in the order of Modern Woodmen of America, belong- ing to the lodge of the order at Basin, Wyo. On May 7, 1890, in Nebraska, he was married to Miss Lillie Becker, a native of Iowa. They have four children, Orlan, Leslie, Merlan and Leatha. Leaving home without anything in the way of worldly wealth, and since then having had none of fortune's favors, except health and strength to make a good use of the opportunities which his clearness of vision revealed to him, whatever Mr. Waters has accumulated in property is the legiti- mate fruit of his own energy and thrift. Devot- ing himself with zeal and fidelity to the promotion of the best interests of his neighborhood and county, the place he has attained in the good will and regard of his fellow men has been won by honest service to' his people cheerfully rendered, which is by no means unappreciated, and by an elevation of purpose and integrity of character that are altogether commendable. WILLIAM P. WEBSTER. The first postmaster at Cody, Wyoming, hold- ing the office which he still fills continuously from the establishment of the office, being also prominent as a merchant, machinist, promoter and guide in this section, William P. Webster, of Cody in Bighorn county, is closely identified with the history of this part of the state and well deserves the popularity and public esteem he so 704 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. richly enjoys. He is a native of Indiana, where he was born in 1850, the son of Richard F. and Rebecca (Shelley) Webster, the former being a native of Indiana and the latter of Knoxville, Tenn. When he was six years old the family moved to Iowa county, Iowa, where he grew to' manhood and received a limited education in the public schools. As a young man he went to Texas and Mexico, strolling leisurely through them for three years and then went to Nebraska, locating in Saunders county, where he took up a homestead and engaged in farming for a short time. Tiring of agricultural life he moved to Lincoln in that state and there learned the trade of a machinist and worked at the business for the Burlington and Missouri River Railroad for a definite number of years. In 1880 he was fore- man of the shops of this company at Lincoln, and in 1881 was transferred to Rock Springs, Wyo., where he was for four years foreman of the machinery department. In 1885 he took up his residence at Lander and there helped to put in milling machinery and the electric light plant, also managing the electric light lines there. In 1893 he removed to Ishawpod on the South Fork of the Shoshone River and passed his time in hunting, trapping and acting as guide for tour- ists in the Yellowstone Park. He also took up land in that vicinity. In 1896 he settled at Cody and entered the employ of the Shoshone Irriga- tion Co., assisting them in their store until late in 1897, when he bought the establishment. Af- ter conducting the business for a year he sold it in 1898 to the Cody Trading Co., but remained in their employ a year after the sale. In 1896 he was appointed postmaster at Cody, being the first person to 'hold the office, and so far the only one, he having- served continuously from - its es- tablishment. Mr. Webster has extensive mining interests in California, valuable holdings of oil lands in Bighorn county, and also town property of value in various places. He was married in Cass county, Neb., in- 1873, to Miss Rachel J. Bird, like himself a native of Indiana. They have two children, Delia, married to A. R. Kirk- land and residing in Fremont county on the Sho- shone Indian reservation, and Lewis E. Mr. Webster has lived a life of adventure and has had many thrilling experiences, both as a hunter and also with the Indians. In his capacity of guide he has conducted some of the most noted men of this age through the wilds and the park, and has Avon high commendation from every source of intelligent observation. His knowledge of woodcraft is extensive and accurate, his per- ception is quick, his vision clear, his energy tire- less and his acquaintance with the country un- surpassed. No party committed to his care has ever failed to find all the enjoyment the region through which it passed afforded or all of the ex- citement that it cared for. Whatever was wild, strange or novel in nature, or hazardous or in- teresting in experience he would show them if it was desired ; and for every emergency of life in the wilderness he was always able to provide with such readiness and completeness as to shield his parties from serious embarrassment. JOHN WEINTZ. For more than twenty years John Weintz of near Bonanza has been a resident of Wyoming, an active, energetic contributor to the progress and development of the state, having come here in 1884 when the population was very sparse, the country very new, and the conditions of life in many respects very hard. He was born in Cleve- land, Ohio, in March, 1863. His parents were John and Elizabeth Weintz, who, born and reared in Germany, emigrated to the United States soon after their marriage. At the age of twenty-one years, John, who had been raised and educated in his native city, came to Wyoming and located for a short time at Cheyenne. From there in the same )^ear he removed to Johnson count}-, be- fore the end of the year settling where he now lives, and where he is prosperously engaged in raising stock. His farm comprises 240 acres of good land and is well improved. He has 200 head of cattle and conducts his operations, both in the stock industry and in the farming inci- dentally connected therewith, with vigor and in- telligence, omitting no effort on his part to es- cure the best results from both, and showing in PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 7°5 what he has achieved and accomplished what may always be expected from the application of real German thrift and continued and sys- tematic industry. He was married at Hyatt- ville, Wyo., in 1896 to Miss Anita Mercer, a native of Oregon. They have four children, Annie, John M., Dorothy and Louis. Mr. Weintz is a member of the order of Modern Woodmen of America, and shows his loyalty to the order by active interest and useful service. In all public matters he is deeply interested and is energetic in aid of every good movement for the benefit of the people around him and the progress and improvement of his county and state. It is from such fibers of character and citizenship as Mr. Weintz displays that the rapid development of the Northwest and its generous endowment , with even' moral and educational feature of an ad- vanced civilization have been woven. Nature threw down here in immeasurable abundance the material for mighty states in the political world, and gave unlimited stores of wealth, apparent and hidden, for their support and expansion ; and the hardy, enduring and industrious popula- tions, which have overspread them from every quarter of the world, have accepted her bounty on the terms prescribed and are working out her purpose. Among the elements of the develop- ing forces none has done more than that which came from the Fatherland with all its long- taught lessons of diligence, application and pa- tient faith in ultimate results. FRANI^ M. WILLIAMS. One of the striking characteristics of Ameri- can life, especially in the newer country of the West, is the bountiful and fruitful field of oppor- tunity it furnishes for youthful enterprise, nerve and capacity. In the Old World, and in the older parts of our own land, youth is beautiful with its aspirations, hopes and undeveloped pow- ers, but it is barred in the main from the domain of responsible activity and control in leading lines of business. But in the great Northwest every man is estimated by the capacity and will- ingness to labor which he exhibits, and every door is open to his efforts. The country itself is young and has done wonders, and the question of age is eliminated from all calculations and measures of value. It is in such a land, therefore, that the qualifications for the successful management of great commercial agencies and industrial forces, such as are possessed by men of the type of Frank M. Williams of Cody, find their proper field and market. Mr. Williams is veritably a Centennial child of the Republic, having been born on July 4, 1876, in Buena Vista county, Iowa. His parents, Marion and Minnie (Tink- com) Williams, were respectively born and reared in Iowa and New York, and when their son, Frank, was seven years old they removed from their Iowa home to' Montana, where the father was in charge of the engine that drove the first sawmill operated on Rock Creek. In 1887 they came to Wyoming, locating on the South Fork of the Shoshone River in Bighorn county, where the father took up a homestead and a desert claim and engaged in farming and stockraising. He has now a beautiful and valu- able ranch of 4,000 acres, which he conducts w'.th vigor and success, and the mother is the receiver of the U. S. land-office at Lander. Their fam-* ily consists of two sons, Frank M. and Clarence A. Almost from the time he was ten years old Frank has lived in this county. Here he was edu- cated in the public schools, going outside only for his commercial training, which he secured at the Omaha Business College, from which he was graduated in 1898. After completing his com- mercial course he at once entered upon his life- work by taking a place as bookkeeper in the First National Bank of Lander. After three years of experience in this position, in which he mastered all the 1 details of the business, he came to Cody and established the banking institution in that place and of which he is the active head. He bought the lot and built the banking house, fur- nished the building throughout', and thus fixed the enterprise on a firm and secure basis, opening it for business in September, 1901. The business has prospered from the beginning and expanded rapidly, for its need has been long felt and its benefit has been more than realized in the com- 706 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. munity. The capital stock is $10,000 paid up, with plenty more available when the business re- quires it. The institution is conducted with great skill and breadth of view, and is one of the most reliable and useful enterprises of the town, haying passed in its short life already from the domain of a convenience to that of being a rec- ognized necessity. Mr. Williams also owns a ranch of 320 acres, homestead and desert claims, on which he has proven up, and he conducts the business which belongs to it with the same spirit and energy that he displays in his bank. His early life was passed in herding and caring for stock, riding the range and doing everything else that belongs to such employment. He is one of the most graceful, fearless and accomplished rid- ers of Wyoming, having an excellent record for breaking in young and unruly horses, which he made on the ranch of Colonel Torrey and other places. He takes an active interest in the affairs of the Modern Woodmen of America, to which he belongs, holding membership in Cedar Camp at Cody and serving at this writing (1902) as the venerable consul of the camp. He is young, pop- ular and successful, showing superior ability in several lines of commercial enterprise and hold- ing a high place in the best social circles. The future would seem to have in store for him great business success, the most exalted social standing and prominence and renown in public life, all proper rewards for his excellent character, mer- cantile enterprise and business capacity. COL. GEORGE M. SLINEY. A native of Ireland, where he was born on August 29, 1852, and where his ancestors lived for many generations, being now a prominent ranchman, banker, merchant and politician m Wyoming, with a long record of usefulness to his credit as a soldier, as an administrant of law and conservator of order, and as a public official of steadfast fidelity to duty, George M. Slinev is far from the scenes of his childhood, and illus- trates forcibly in his career how wonderful are the possibilities of American manhood and how- extensive are the opportunities for advancement in this western country, and also how serviceable to every proper interest in a new community are force of character, breadth of perception, common sense and determined resolution. His parents were Michael and Johanna (Mulcahy) Sliney, and they lived, nourished, died and were buried in the land of their fathers, unhappy Ireland. In 1868, when he was but sixteen years of age, he braved the dangers of the stormy Atlantic to reach the country of his hopes, and, landing at Boston with but little armor for the battle of life except his own indomitable spirit and unflagging energy, he went to work in a factory where he was employed for a period of two years. At the end of that service, in 1870, he enlisted in the old Fifth Cavalry of the regular U. S. army, and with his command saw service in Nebraska, Kan- sas and Arizona at various times until after the Custer massacre. His regiment was then sent with General Merritt's troops to reinforce Gen- eral Crook, and on September 9 and 10, 1876, the Indians suffered a severe defeat at the hands of this force, the first repulse they had after their terrible triumph over the unfortunate Custer, The command was then stationed at Fort Lara- mie and Fort Russell in turn, and, during this time, Mr. Sliney aided in driving the last hostile savages out of Laramie county, under the lead of Lieutenant Cherry. In 1883 he resigned from the army, and, soon taking up land on Owl Creek in Fremont county, he began raising stock and farming. So firm, however, was the fiber of his manhood, so clear were his perceptions of right, and so devoted was he to the supremacy of law and order, that his fellow citizens turned to him with one voice as the proper person to fill the office of justice of the peace, and they kept him in this then most important place as long as he would serve them in this capacity. The forms of law were crude and not clearly established in the territory ; many cases arose from time to time for which there were no specific statutory provis- ions. But, with the courage and the legal acu- men of a Caesar, he applied his wisdom of com- mon sense to the situation, and, both made the law for such cases and also administered it. And, PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 707 while he had previously had no direct legal train- ing, so positively fair and unbiased were his de- cisions, and so manifestly in the promotion of the best interests of the community was his office administered, that all classes bowed obediently to his court and scarcely ever was an appeal ta- ken from his judgments. At this time his nearest neighbor was ten miles distant, and the country was infested by hostile Indians, as well as by lawless renegades from civilization. The difficul- ties before him were numerous and oftentimes al- most insurmountable ; dangers of every character, incident to such a country and state of society, were ever at hand ; hardships and privations were the common lot of all who lived on the frontier; but, with undaunted courage, he met every re- quirement and triumphed over every obstacle, both for himself and for his section of the ter- ritory. By industry and thrift he acquired a landed estate of several thousand acres, on which he conducted an extensive and profitable business in the raising of fine Hereford cattle and superior grades of horses, his ranch being renowned throughout his part of the country for the excel- lence of its products, as well as for the generous and considerate hospitality there dispensed. He sold this ranch in 1903 that he might give his attention wholly to other business operations, and is now apparently permanently established in his beautiful home at Thermopolis, which he first occupied a few years ago for the purpose of se- curing proper educational advantages for his children. In this town he is actively engaged, in association with his son-in-law, S. S. Rankin, in the lumber business, the firm-name being Rankin & Sliney, and he is also the vice-president of the First National Bank of Thermopolis, which institution he helped to organize and in which he is one of the heaviest stockholders. He saw the need of this institution, and, with the energy and public spirit that have always brought him to the front in behalf of any enterprise for the benefit of the community, he put the forces into motion that brought its establishment, and, from the very start, he "has been one of the potential elements in its progress and government. On 44 May 27, 1 90 1, he was commissioned as postmas- ter of Thermopolis and he is still filling the office to the satisfaction of its patrons and in a manner highly creditable to himself. But, wide and var- ious as are the business interests he has now in charge, they are not sufficient to engage all of his time or to fully satisfy the activities of his vigorous and fertile mind. He is, therefore, look- ing for other engagements, and to this end he has been conducting investigations at Cody, with a view to opening a business enterprise in that growing and promising town. In his military career Colonel Sliney was intimately associated with Colonel Cody, and he has an abiding faith in the business judgment of that renowned person as he has always had in his courage and skill as a soldier and as a director and manager of large affairs. . For his own bravery and soldierly qual- ities Colonel Sliney was promoted to be quarter- master in the service and held the position to the end of his military term. He is now a member of the governor's staff, inspector general, rank- ing as a colonel of the Wyoming National Guard. This commission came as a surprise to the colonel from Governor Chatterton. It is the duty of the inspector general to inspect annually each military organization of the state, being also one of the military board, who assist the Governor by their advice and counsel in military matters. The gallant Colonel has been eminently success- ful in whatever he has undertaken, and is univer- sally held in the highest respect and esteem. In fraternal relations, Mr. Sliney is an ardent and active member of the order of Odd Fellows, and, in both the subordinate lodge to which he be- longs, and in the grand lodge of the order, he has held high official positions. He also belongs to the Modern Woodmen of America, taking a great and serviceable interest in its affairs also. At Dodge City, Kan., on June 6, 1876, he was married to Miss Marie Brady, a native of Eng- land. They have five children, Nellie, wife of S. S. Rankin; Mae, assistant postmaster at Thermopolis ; Carrie, wife of C. C. Ellis ; George W., the first white child born on Owl Creek; Margaret, whose presence now adds light and life 708 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. to his home. Colonel Sliney is one of the most esteemed pioneers of northern Wyoming, his life having been signally serviceable to this part of the state in every one of its lines of activity. DANIEL WELLER. Daniel Weller was born and reared on a farm in Michigan, and, amid its various duties and the freedom of air and opportunity for self- dependence which the life afforded, he acquired the health of body and the resoluteness, self-reli- ance and readiness for emergency that have been a large part of his capital in the battle of life. He was primarily educated in the public schools of his native county, finishing his course, how- ever, and getting the most practical part of his education in the school of experience and active effort. When he was eighteen years old he as- sumed the care and responsibility of his own career, and since then he has made his own way in the world, without the aid of adventitious cir- cumstances or of fortune's favors. For six years he was occupied with various pursuits in his na- tive state, Michigan, whither his parents, Daniel and Rowena Weller, came from New York where they were born and reared, becoming a part of the army of occupation and conquest that has con- quered that state from the wilderness and made it great and prosperous. In 1877 he sought the frontier, as his parents had done in their day, then coming to Wyoming and locating at Lan- der. He took up land in that vicinity and at once began to improve it and enlarge a stock indus- try which he started on it in small dimensions. Llere he remained until 1882, making substantial progress, but longing for a more active life with quicker returns for his labor. In 1882 he came to Meeteetse Creek and erected a sawmill, the first ever put up and operated in the Bighorn basin. After a few years of close attention to the lumbering business he sold his outfit in this line and, homesteading on Wood River, again engaged in stockraising and farming, carrying on the industry until 1899. He t ^ len move d to Meeteetse and opened and conducted the first restaurant in the place, keeping his ranch, how- ever, which he still owns, and continuing his operations in stock. In 1902, at Meeteetse, he built and furnished the Weller House, a fine two- story, steam-heated brick hotel, and from its very opening he has been its proprietor and manager. In this capacity he has demonstrated his wisdom of choice of occupation, being one of the popu- lar and highly esteemed landlords of this portion of the state, a favorite with the traveling public and also with those modern knights-errant, the commercial travelers. In connection with his ho- tel he has a large and well-appointed livery and feed barn, which is also of decided popularity in the community and the best of its kind within a wide extent of country. He belongs to the In- dependent Order of Odd Fellows and is active and zealous in loyalty to his lodge. He was married at Lander in 1882 to Miss Mary L. Trenholm, a native of Illinois. They have three children, Mabel, Homer and George. WILLIAM R. WILLIAMS. One of the well-to-do stockmen of Albany county, Wyoming, whose residence is near Tie- Siding, about twenty-eight miles southeast of the city of Laramie, is William Richard Williams. He is a native of the Province of Nova Scotia, Canada, where he was born in 1840, the son of Patrick and Mary (Wallace) Williams, natives of the same country. The father was born in 1807, and followed the occupation of farming in his native land, up to the time of his decease, at the age of eighty-nine years. He was the son of John Williams, also a native of Nova Scotia, who, through all of his life, was engaged in farming. The mother of Mr. Williams, the subject of this sketch, was born in 1814, being the daughter of John and Mary (Fenton) Wal- lace, both natives of the same country. She was a remarkable woman, who died in 1892, being mother of thirteen children, ten of whom are still living (1902). William Richard Williams, the second child of his parents, grew to man's estate in his native Nova Scotia, and received his early education in its schools. Wheft he arrived at the age of twenty-one years, he left the home of his PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 709 parents, and began life for himself. He first se- cured employment as a farm hand in the vicin- ity of his old home and continued to be thus occupied until 1867, when he set out for the dis- tant city of Denver, then in the territory of Colorado. He remained there and in that vicin- ity for a short time and then came to Wyo- ming, being engaged in lumbering for about five years, and then located a -ranch of 160 acres of grazing land, beginning in a small way the busi- ness of raising cattle. In this venture he has met with marked success, and has increased his landed holdings from year to year, until he is now the owner of a fine ranch of over 12,000 acres of land that is well-fenced and improved, with large and suitable buildings, and he is count- ed as one of the most prosperous and successful stockmen and property owners in his section of Wyoming. He has a large herd of fine graded and thoroughbred cattle, making a specialty of the Polled Angus and Galway breeds, being more hardy and profitable than the ordinary grades of stock. By industry, perseverance and good business judgment, he has built up a large and lucrative business, and is rapidly amass- ing a fortune. In 1872, Mr. Williams was united in marriage with Miss Margaret Keyes, also a native of Nova Scotia, and being a daughter of William and Sarah Jane (Logan) Keyes, both natives of the same country. To this union have been born seven children, Hattie, Rachel, Arthur, Chester, Harry, Stella and Earl, all of whom are living. The home is noted for its gracious and generous hospitality, and it is a popular gath- ering place for their large circle of friends in the vicinity where they reside. MRS. MARGARET B. WILSON. Mrs. Margaret B. Wilson, widow of the late Andrew B. Wilson, then of Meeteetse, in Bighorn county, Wyoming, whose death on March 2, 1886, at the very meridian of life, before any of his faculties had lost their vigor, while his useful- ness still impressed itself on every form of activ- ity in the community, which he loved and had helped so materially to build up and improve, was universally lamented, aided by her sons, Dan- iel and Charles Wilson, conducts one of the fin- est ranches and most extensive and progressive stock industries in Bighorn county, and also one of the leading mercantile enterprises in the town. She was born in Ohio, the daughter of Daniel and Nancy (Jackson) Hoover of that state, na- tives there, being reared and educated in the com- munity in which they first saw the light of this world. When she was but one year old her par- ents moved to Indiana. In that state she grew to womanhood and was educated, removing as a young woman to Missouri. Mr. Wilson was the son of William and Rebecca (Pierce) Wilson, and while he was yet quite young his parents took up their residence in Illinois and later re- moved to Missouri. In that state he met Miss Margaret B. Hoover, their mutual tastes brought them together and they were married in 1859. Soon after they took up their residence in Kan- sas and they remained in that state until 1876, when they came to Colorado, and for four years thereafter, were actively engaged in raising stock and farming. In 1880 they sought a new home on the virgin soil of Wyoming, locating near Sar- atoga Springs. In 1881 they came to Meeteetse and again engaged in raising stock and farming. They also opened a general store, which, by close attention to business, a studious observance of the needs of the community and a commendable enterprise in supplying them, united also with a strict probity in business and a courteous and considerate manner toward their customers, they have made one of the commercial' institutions of the section and laid a large scope of country under tribute to its coffers. On March 2, 1886, as has been stated, Mr. Wilson died, and since that time Mrs. Wilson has carried on the various interests, in which they were mutually concerned, with the same care, skill, business capacity and public spirit that distinguished their manage- ment prior to his death. The mercantile stock is selected with a correct judgment, based on a thorough knowledge of the trade whjch it is to supply, and the business is conducted, with every regard to the strictest uprightness and integrity. Additional to this mercantile establishment, which yio PROGRESSIVE MEN OF W YO MING. occupies the most of her time and attention, Mrs. Wilson has a ranch of 2,000 acres of ex- cellent land, well-improved and highly cultivated, and on this ranch she maintains extensive herds of cattle and bands of horses, keeping them in good condition and always sustaining the high standard of her brand. She has seen much of life in its various attitudes as exhibited on the fron- tier, and early became inured to its privations and dangers, as well as warmly interested in the de- velopment of the section to which she belongs. In the struggle for advancement, she has borne her full share of the labors and burdens incident to the conditions, and has kept in the front rank of every line of progressive activity. She was the first postmistress in this part of the state, and administered her office with systematic atten- tion to her duties and to the general satisfaction of its patrons. One of the special features of her stock industry is a herd of elk, one of the finest to be found in the Northwest, which is looked after with great care. JOSEPH M. WOLFF. The interesting subject of this review is one of the highly enterprising and progressive con- tributions of Wisconsin to the inchoate civiliza- tion and very rapid development of the farther West, and, like most other rural inhabitants of Wyoming, he is actively engaged in the leading industry of the state, the livestock business, con- ducting it with expanding magnitude and in- creasing profits. He is located on a fine ranch of 160 acres of excellent land in the Meeteetse Valley, on which he settled when it was virgin soil to the plow and knew naught of systematic cultivation or obedience to the skill of the hus- bandman. He was born on December 15, 1862, and at the early age of sixteen took up the bur- den of life for himself, armed only with a stout heart, a vigorous frame, a clear head and a reso- lute will, and with almost no training beyond a very limited education in books, secured by ir- regular attendance at the public schools for a few weeks in the winter months of his boyhood. His first engagement in the contest with men and circumstances was as a freighter in Dakota, and farther along the line of construction of the Northern Pacific Railroad, which was 'then in building, and which he attended as far as Bill- ings in Montana. In 1882 he came to Wyoming, settling within the limits of what is now Bighorn county, where he devoted himself to rangerid- ing until 1898, when he located on a ranch he had taken up in 1888, which he had developed and improved with the view of establishing on it a stock business as soon as he was able. All his energies were bent in this direction, and all of his earnings were carefully used in furtherance of his design, so that when he took up his resi- dence on the land he was well prepared to carry forward with enterprise and vigor the contem- plated industry which he then began and is still conducting. His herd has grown from a small beginning to 250 head of superior cattle and he has also usually about 100 fine horses. Mr. Wolff belongs to but two of the fraternal orders so nu- merous and popular among men, the Indepen- dent Order of Odd Fellows and the Modern Woodmen of America. In 1897 he was married at Meeteetse to Miss Elsie Ward, a native of Minnesota. They have one child, their son, Lind- ley. The healthy and steady development of his neighborhood and of his county has a strong hold on the interest and the hopes of Mr. Wolff, and to the promotion of such development he gives active aid in every way that has his approval, omitting no effort and withholding no help that he can contribute toward securing the best and most desirable results. And, in proportion to his zeal in this behalf, he enjoys the confidence and esteem of his fellow citizens as a man of pub- lic spirit and progressiveness, a feeling which is intensified and established by the integrity of his character, the uprightness of his life and the attractive geniality of his manners. DAVID P. WOODRUFF. Near the middle of the nineteenth century, when unreasoning bigotry united with apostolic zeal and fervor to drive the Mormon church from the banks of the Mississippi, on which it had be- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 711 gun to erect its "City of Beauty and Everlasting Habitation," among the number of faithful ad- herents who attended Brigham Young, the re- nowned head of the church, in the perilous and memorable transition across the plains to a new land of hope and promise, and who served most capably as one of the Twelve Apostles of the organization, was Wilford Woodruff, a native of Connecticut and an early convert to the faith. He was accompanied by his wife, Phoebe Carter Woodruff, the mother of Daniel P. Woodruff of this review. She was born and. reared in Ohio, and on their arrival at Salt Lake they located a block of government land in the city and entered with zeal and industry on the work of building up the new domain which had been selected as head- quarters of the hierarchy, and in this work they passed the residue of their lives, the father dying in 1898, and being at the time of his death the president of the church, a position he had held continuously from the death of John Taylor, his predecessor, in 1887. His labors in behalf of the church were prodigious and far-reaching in ex- tent and value, and form the theme and subject matter of profound volumes. They included 150,000 miles of travel in missionary tours, and an enormous volume of work in Salt Lake City and vicinity. His widow, the mother of Mr. Woodruff, now resides at Proyo, Utah. In Salt Lake City their son, David, was born on April 4, 1854, and within its limits he was reared and educated. On reaching his legal majority he went to Bear River and passed six years engaged in cultivating the soil and in raising stock. From there he removed to the Cache Valley and soon after to Ashley Valley, where he clerked in a store until 1893. In that year he came to Wyo- ming and located on Wood River. For three years he here prosecuted vigorous and profitable stockgrowing and farming operations until he was elected treasurer of Bighorn county in 1896. He then devoted his attention with energy and close scrutiny to the duties of his office, and dis- charged them in a manner so satisfactory to the people that at the end of his term in 1898 he was forced by public sentiment to accept a reelection, which was followed by still another in 1900. When he relinquished official life he returned to his ranch, which has since been his home and which has fully occupied his attention, and start- ed again in the business of raising stock and the cultivation of the soil. He has 320 acres of land, and, while he runs a small herd of high-grade cattle, his principal stock product is a strain of thoroughbred Hambletonian, Kentucky saddle- bred and Hackney horses, of which he has us- ually about 200. These are much desired in the markets, and hold high place in the esteem of horsemen. In church affiliation Mr. Woodruff is loyal to the faith which his father helped so materially to establish, and in the work of the church he has been zealous and diligent from his early manhood. He has filled a number of places of trust in its government, and is now a mem- ber of the high council of the Bighorn stake. On February 19, 1877, he was married to Miss Ara- bella Hatch, a native of Lehi, Utah, daughter of Jeremiah and Louisa (Alexander) Hatch, who were early pioneers in the state. Eleven chil- dren have blessed their union, Amy, Phoebe, David P., Wilford L., Willard C, Jeremiah, Louisa, Mary, Erma A., Torrey B. and Beulah A. In the church, in business, in official life, in social circles and in his domestic relations, Mr. Wood- ruff has ever borne himself with due regard to his own integrity and proper consideration for others, and is correspondingly esteemed. HARRY S. YOUNT. No compendium, such as the province of this work defines in its essential limitations, will serve to give a complete record of the remarkable life of adventure and daring deeds which Harry S. Yount has led. If written in detail it would form a volume rivaling in interest and thrilling situa- tions the lives of Daniel Boone, David Crockett, Kit Carson and other daring frontiersmen, whose deeds through the medium of the printed page have long been the wonder and delight of the lovers of the adventurous and tragic. As a brave soldier on many bloody battle fields, as a daring scout, leading expeditions through all parts of the wild West, as a fearless hunter, '12 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. whose deeds border on the marvelous, as a trap- per, a successful miner, and as a quiet, unobtrus- ive citizen, pursuing" the even tenor of his way "far from the maddening crowd," the career of Harry S. Yount everywhere presents points of interest and experiences, which are unknown quantities to the lives of the great majority of men. Nothing but a very brief synopsis of his story can be here attempted, but some future writer should put his whole life in a form for permanent preservation. Harry S. Yount, son of David and Kate (Shell) Yount, was born in Susquehanna county, Pa., on March 18, 1847. His father was also a native of the Keystone state, and the mother born in New York. David Yount was a ship carpenter, who worked at his trade in Philadelphia and Harrisburg until about 1852, when he moved to Missouri, where he engaged in mining and spent the remainder of his life, dying some years ago in Henry county. Har- ry S. Yount received his educational training in the schools of Springfield, Mo. When old enough to perform manual labor he hired to farmers in his neighborhood and was thus en- gaged until the commencement of the Civil War, when he took up arms for the Union. In Oc- tober, 1861, he enlisted at Rolla, Mo., in the noted Lyon Legion, under Colonel Phelps, and this was a part of the force under the gallant General Lyon who fell at the battle of Wilson's Creek. After serving about six months Mr. Yount joined the Eighth Missouri Cavalry, with which he ex- perienced the fortunes of war until the close of the war, being the quartermaster sergeant of his company during the greaterpart of the time earn- ing the reputation of a careful and conscientious officer. After his discharge Mr. Yount went to AVyoming and then to Dakota, and, in 1866, be- gan freighting, which business he followed for years in many parts of the western territor- ies. In 1873 he joined Dr. Hayden's Geological Survey, and in this occupation served some years. traveling over nearly every part of the great West, meeting with many interesting experiences and encountering dangers calculated to try the fortitude of the most daring. During this occu- pation, in 1878, in company with Prof. A. D. Willson, one of the most etcpert mountain climb- ers of the geological party, Mr. Yount went to the Grand Teton mountain to attempt the diffi- cult task of ascending it. Going to the Teton Pass from Jackson Hole, they there noticed cut plainly in the bark of a spruce pine tree the in- scription "1832. P. S. C." Their way took them down to the Teton basin and up Teton Creek until they had arrived above the timber line, where they made their camp as near the foot of the mighty Teton Peak as they could. Start- ing early on the next morning they continued their way toward the Grand Teton, after two miles of- travel coming to a deep canyon which they had to travel down to cross. This was filled with an ancient glacier and icebergs. Mr. Yount slipped on the treacherous ice of the sur- face, falling down and sliding close to a deep chasm in the glacier, where a large stream of water came down from the cliff above. The hold that his. buckskin pants kept on the ice was the only thing that prevented him from being car- ried down into the unfathomable depths of the great crevice. They crossed the canyon finally and kept on their ascent up the steep mountain side, which was composed of slide rock, which kept falling from under their feet. The hard work and danger of being hurled down the pre- cipitous mountain side into one of the fathomless crevices added to the excitement of the climb. About 1,000 feet below the top they reached a small niche or cave in the steep wall of rock, in which they found a small enclosure of rocks piled in a circle, perhaps t the work of Indians. They reached the top at last and Mr. Yount describes it as the grandest view he ever saw. On the descent he broke off a piece of mineral from a large ledge they encountered, which he later sent to Washington. D. C, for an analysis. The U. S. government assayers pronounced it as one of the richest specimens of silver ore that they had ever seen, running up into thousands of dollars value to the ton. Mr. Yount says that the ledge from which this was taken lies 12,000 feet above sea level, far aboA r e the timber line. Professor Holmes, of the Hayden Geological Surveying party, said that this ledge was the richest min- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 713 eral belt that he had ever seen in all of his ex- tended examinations of the Rocky Mountain re- gion. In the Hayden Geological Reports of 1877 and 1878 Harry S. Yount's name appears in a very complimentary connection, while on the map of the Yellowstone Park accompanying the re- port, the name of Yount's Peak is given to a mountain standing at the head of the Yellowstone River. After his labors with the Survey were ended he was appointed by President Hayes the gamekeeper of the Yellowstone Park, performing the duties from 1880 to 1882 inclusive. In 1882 he turned his attention to hunting and trapping, and visited every part of Wyoming and adjacent territories, having no fixed abode, sleeping wher- ever night overtook him and enjoying the wild, free life, amid the most lonesome and romantic scenery of the continent. While thus engaged he experienced his most thrilling adventures, fre- quently fighting for his life with fierce wild beasts, and, at other times, encountering the not less wild and dangerous red man. These experi- ences fostered a spirit unknown to fear as many of his actions abundantly demonstrate. He has been known to enter without the slightest trepi- dation a cavern in which a number of bear had made their den, and, then, single handed, kill the beasts one by one, and drag them into the light. This is but one of numerous instances of daring, and serves to show his fortitude under the most trying and dangerous circumstances. In this oc- cupation Mr. Yount had abundant opportunities to observe the country and determine its mineral deposits. In 1882 and in 1887 he located several valuable mining claims, which he still owns and promise valuable returns when properly devel- oped/ and he also discovered and filed on a fine marble quarry in the immediate vicinity of his mining property. In due time both mines and quarry will doubtless prove the source of an independent fortune, movements being now in progress for their development. In 1898 Mr. Yount took up land on Halleck Creek, near his mines, on which he has since made his home. He has surrounded himself with many of the com- forts of life, and, though living for the most part alone, he is happy and contented, being cheered and encouraged by what the future development of his property has in store for him.. His long and adventurous career in all parts of the West, has given his name wide publicity and today there is no man in Wyoming or adjacent states so well or more favorably known. He has been thrown into contact with all classes and conditions of people, and, by attending strictly to his own af- fairs and doing by his fellow men as he would be done by, he has won their high regard and un- bounded esteem. He is a member of John J. Reynolds Post, No. 33, Grand Army of the Re- public, and takes an active interest in its work. He discharges his duty as a citizen and, in every relation of life, his actions have been directed by those correct principles which win and retain warm personal friendships. SOREN YENSEN. At the present a prominent resident of Gran- ite, Wyoming, and a native of the kingdom of Denmark, having been born in that country on February 27, 1857, Soren Yensen is the son of Yen Erickson and Kirsten Yensen, both natives of Denmark. His father followed the occupation of blacksmithing in his native country until his death, which occurred in 1883. His mother is still living and resides in Denmark. The sub- ject of this sketch grew to man's estate, and re- ceived his early education in the schools of his native country, and, after he had finished his school days, he also learned the trade of black- smithing and remained at home at work with his father until he had attained the age of twenty years. He then engaged in business for him- self, following his trade in various cities of Den- mark until 1 88 1. In that year he took passage for America, when, in the city of New York, he immediately secured employment at his trade, thereafter visiting several places in the Empire state, and finally locating at Mechanicsville, in that state. Here he followed blacksmithing until the fall of 1883, when he removed to Cheyenne, Wyo. There he worked at his trade for a short time, and in the next winter took up a ranch near a place owned by his brother, near Granite. He 7H PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. remained there until the spring of 1884, when he formed a copartnership with his brother and they engaged in cattleraising at the ranch property where the subject now makes his residence. The brothers conducted this business jointly for a number of years with great success, Soren, in 1890, purchasing his brother's interest. Since that time he has carried on the business in his own name, meeting with substantial success, and he is now one of the large individual owners of cattle in his section of country, having a fine ranch of some 2,800 acres of land, well fenced and improved. On June 13, 1889, Mr. Yensen was united in marriage, at the city of Cheyenne, Wyo., with Miss Christiana Yensen, also a na- tive of Denmark, and a daughter of Yens Lar- son and 'Karen Yensen, both natives of Den- mark. The father of Mrs. Yensen was a farmer in Denmark, and followed that occupation up to the time of his death in 1884. They have seven children, Arthur Nels, John E., Clara. Martha, Matilda, Viggo and Esther, all of whom are liv- ing. Mr. and Mrs. Yensen are members of the Lutheran church, and take a sincere interest in all church and charitable work in the community where they maintain their comfortable, home. Politically, Mr. Yensen is identified with the Democratic party, a stanch supporter of that organization, taking a prominent part in public affairs. The habits of thrift and industry which he learned in childhood in his native country have attended him through his life, and have materially contributed to the success which he has made in all of his business undertakings. He is a hard-working, earnest and successful man, and is building up a fine property. He enjoys the respect and esteem of his neighbors, and of all who come in contact with him. MARION J. ALLAMAND. Marion Jacques Allamand was born in sunny France in 1868, and was reared and educated in his native land. Early in his manhood he turned his back upon his own country, hoary as it is with glorious traditions of peace and war, crowned with triumphs of art and science, bask- ing in the sunlight of present prosperity, viva- cious with an exuberance of spirit and vitality which must insure future welfare and continued greatness, yes, he left them all to seek in the wil- derness of the New World a land wherein his personal hopes might expand and flourish, and on which his domestic shrine might rise and be blessed. In 1892 he came to the United States, and after spending two years in California, came to Wyoming in 1894, located in the Bighorn basin and took up a homestead on which he start- ed a stock industry, handling sheep. This has expanded with steady progress until he now has 500 acres of land well selected for the business he conducts thereon, and handles on an average 2,500 sheep, with numbers of cattle and horses. Sheep form his staple line, however, and to this branch of the stock business he has mainly given his attention, with the result that he is considered one of the most successful and progressive sheep men in the state, and is regarded as an authority on every phase of the sheep industry. Nothing that skill and enterprise has fashioned is wanting to the comfort and proper care of his flocks, and the best interests of his family are well subserved in an artistic and commodious residence which he has erected on his ranch. He was married at Buffalo, this state,' in 1898 to Miss Hester Childs, a native of Louisville, Ky., and they have two children. Marguerite and Hester. THOMAS F. BURTON. Like his younger brother, Arthur F. Burton, an account of whose life appears on another page of this work, Thomas F. Burton, of the firm of Wm. W. Burton & Sons, leading merchants of Afton, Uinta county, has been very generally useful to the community in which he lives. There is scarcely any form of productive enterprise or public interest that has not been quickened by the touch of his tireless hand and broadened by the force of his active mind. He was a pioneer in this region and has here lived and worked for its development through all the changes that have come over it. His life began at Ogden, Utah, on May 12, 1871, and his parents are Wil- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. /i5 Ham W. and Sarah A. (Fielding) Burton of that city. • (For an account of their ancestry and fam- ily history see the sketch of Arthur F. Burton.) He was educated at the public schools of his na- tive city. Immediately after leaving school he entered the employ of his father in the large im- plement and general store at Ogden, which was then and is now one of the leading mercantile establishments of the place, and served a short apprenticeship there. In 1886, when he was but fifteen years of age, he came to Afton and went to work in the general store his father had opened here, and has been connected with it ever 'since, and with the other extensive mercantile interests of the family here and at Ogden. These embrace, in addition to the stores already mentioned, one of the largest creamery and cheese factory plants in the West, which is located at Afton, and also an immense stock and farming industry, in which cattle, horses and sheep are handled in large numbers. The creamery has a capacity of 40,- 000 pounds of milk per clay and is thoroughly equipped for its work with every modern device for the business that is of value. Scarcely any- thing that the sleepless eye of science has dis- covered or the cunning hand of skill has fash- ioned in the way of machinery or convenience for creamery work is wanting to the complete equip- ment of this model establishment. The ranches belonging to the firm and devoted to the stock interests of the business, embrace 1,200 acres of the best land in the valley, stocked with a large number of graded Shorthorn cattle and superior breeds of horses and sheep. Mr. Burton has en- tire charge of the ranch and the stock of this giant mercantile concern excepting the sheep, and has conducted his department on the same high plane of excellence and uprightness that charac- terizes the other departments, his great aim be- ing to give his trade the best article attainable for the money, and to treat every patron with the utmost fairness and consideration. Mr. Burton is a gentleman of great progressiveness and pub- lic spirit, taking a constant and genuine interest in everything that tends to improve the commun- ity and advance the welfare of its people. For a number of years he has acted in the church bishopric of his ward, and is now connected with the high council. Nature endowed him with mu- sical talent of an exalted character, and he has given to the church the benefit of his capacity in this line. On June 22, 1898, he was married at Salt Lake City to Miss Alice M. Call, a daugh- ter of Anson V. and Alice J. (Farnham) Call, of Afton, but natives of Bountiful, Utah, where Mrs. Burton was born. Extended mention of Mr. Call is made elsewhere in this volume. Mr. and Mrs. Burton have winsome and interesting daughters, Sarah Alice and Lila Maud. DANIEL C. BUDD. Nurtured amid the memorable and historic scenes of the old Keystone state and receiving his education in the common schools, where loy- alty to one's country was as faithfully taught as were the all important "three R's", it was the natural sequence of early training for Daniel C. Budd to be among those who early enlisted in Co. I, Seventh Kansas Cavalry as defenders of the Union in the great Civil War and he con- tinued to share his country's perils while "grim- visaged war smoothed her wrinkled front" and until his country was victorious, receiving his discharge on May 27, 1865. He was born in Lawrence county. Pa., on February 24, 1838, a son to the marriage of John C. and Caroline (Painter) Budd, both native Pennsylvanians and descendants of old Colonial families. He was the seventh in a family of eleven children, only four of whom are living, Joseph of Oregon, Wil- liam. P. of Missouri, Mary J. Johnston of Ohio, Florence M. Dicks of Pennsylvania, and Skid- more, the youngest. After peace was restored Mr. Budd for five years was engaged as an offi- cer in the penitentiary at Leavenworth, Kan., after which he pursued agriculture until 1880, when he came to Bigpiney, Uinta county, Wyo., and took up 360 acres of land about four miles from where the family now resides. Later he sold that and bought a tract of 640 acres, also 160 acres where they now live, engaged in stock- raising and also in running a store and the post- office. From his war record one is not surprised yi6 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. to find him active in public affairs and doing ef- ficient work as a notary public for a number of years, besides being an enthusiastic member of Grand Army of the Republic at Atchison, Kan. Fraternally, he was affiliated with the Masons at Doniphan, Kan., and with the Maccabees at Ev- anston, Wyo. His political affinities were in the Republican party, which he supported with the same zeal that animated his conduct as a soldier. He married at Atchison, Kan., on Jan- uary 8, 1871, Miss Josephine Boyer, a daughter of Peter and Mary A. (Misenhelder) Boyer, native Pennsylvanians, her father being descend- ed from Jacob Boyer of Germany, and a long antecedent line of forebears in the Fatherland. They had six children, all of whom are living and holding responsible positions in the world. After years of patient toil for his family, of faith- ful, loyal service for the good of his country and for the betterment of humanity, amid associa- tions where he had been so long an honored fac- tor, Daniel C. Budd was called to his eternal rest on February 19, 1902, having nearly com- pleted his sixty-fourth year. A man whose watchword was his country's honor, whose ambi- tions were ever to be a faithful, loving house- holder, a loyal, progressive citizen and an hon- orable, upright man, whose word was as good as his bond, could not but be a power in the circle where he lived and be esteemed as one of the foremost pioneer citizens of Wyoming. EDWARD DAVIS. Edward Davis, the popular proprietor of the Afton Bazaar and one of the prosperous mer- chants of the town, was born in London. Eng- land, on November 11, 1842, where his parents, George and Mary A. (Timpson) Davis, natives of County Essex, England, were then living. His father was a carrier in the great metropolis and died there from an accident when he was but forty-eight years old. His son, Edward, was the youngest of his five children, all of whom are living, and was educated in the city of Lon- don, soon after leaving school being apprenticed to a physician to learn pharmacy, after this ser- vice being employed in a sugar refinery two years. At the end of that time he secured a berth on a training ship and for four or five years followed the sea. In 1862 he landed in Australia and re- mained there eleven years, being engaged in freighting and merchandising. Near the close of 1873 he sold out in that country and came to Salt Lake City. There he engaged in business with his brother, G. W., and afterward with Kimble & Lawrence for two years. From there he removed to Paris, Idaho, and passed five years in business. He was then sent on a mission to England for the Church of the Latter Day Saints, to whose interests he was warmly and zealously attached. He remained in his native land for two years, working with gratifying success. He presided over the London conference of the church and brought with him on his return to this country a company of emigrants, converts to the faith. For three years he was engaged in farming and clerking in the Teton basin of Idaho. In 1895 he settled at Afton and was employed by the Burton & Sons Co. until 1900, when he began business for himself in a general store, which is called the Afton Bazaar, and is one of the attractions of the town. It is a neat and taste- fully arranged establishment, with a prime stock of goods and has as an attachment the only butch- er shop in the place. He also owns a number of cattle and has a pleasant home in the little city to which he is devoting the powers of his ma- ture life. In church affairs lie has been active and forceful from his early manhood. He was a high counsellor in Bear Lake county, Idaho, and holds the same rank here, and is also the chorister for the stake Sunday-school. Nature endowed him amply with musical talent, and, wherever he has lived, he has contributed largely through this means to the enjoyment and benefit of his fellows. In April, 1872, in Australia, he married with Miss Ellen Ryan, a native of Ire- land and daughter of John Ryan. They had three children. John and Annie R. living at Af- ton. and Mary E., now wife of Frank Rounds, of Pocatello, Idaho. Mrs. Davis died at Paris. Idaho, in 1886. aged about forty-three years, and PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 7^7 Mr. Davis later married at Salt Lake with' Miss Annie Tuellar, a native of Switzerland. They have had six children, Jesse T.,- Shem, Sarah, Wilford and Rachel, who died in infancy, and Ephraim W. In 1881 at Salt Lake City, he was united with Mrs. Frances A. (Godsel) Morgan, widow of Owen Morgan and daughter of John Godsel of Birmingham. Mrs. Morgan had three children by her previous marriage whom Mr. Davis adopted. They are Elizabeth, now the wife of Frederick Shepard of Paris, Idaho; Al- thea, now the wife of Robert Sweeton of Utah; and Maggie, now the wife of Alexander Baker of Utah. By this marriage Mr. Davis had two chil- dren, Phoebe E. and Joseph G., who are living at Salt Lake City, Utah. H. M. CLENDENNING. The worthy gentleman, whose record these few lines will preserve for unnumbered genera- tions of future existence, is a native of the town of Van Wert, Ohio, where he was born on May 22, 1864. He is the son of John and Nancy (Morton) Clendenning, both natives of the state of Ohio. His father was long engaged in agri- cultural pursuits, and was also largely interested in the elevator business in his native state. He was a man of prominence in the community where he resided and lived to the hale old age of eighty-two years. The mother passed away from life at the age of seventy years. The pater- nal grandfather of the subject of this sketch was Charles Clendenning, who was a native of Scot- land, who emigrated to America in the days of his early, vigorous manhood. H. M. Clenden- ning was the eldest of their family of four chil- dren, of whom two were boys and two were girls. His education was diligently acquired in the public schools of Van Wert, Ohio, and, upon the completion of his education, he secured employment as an apprentice in the machinist line for the purpose of learning that trade. He served in this occupation for a period of four years, and acquired a thorough knowledge of that pursuit. In 1884, desiring to seek his for- tune in the West, he left his home in the state of Ohio and came to the then territory of Wyo- ming, where he engaged in ranching and stock- raising. In 1897 he came to the vicinity of the place where he now resides, and located 320 acres of fine bottom land, embarked in the business of raising graded cattle and now is the owner of a fine herd of Herefords. He has met with a grat- ifying success in his business, and is constantly adding to his holdings of both land and cattle. He is one of the progressive business men and property owners of Fremont county, and is in- terested in all measures - calculated to advance the interests of that section of the state. He is the president of the local stockgrowers' associa- tion, and was recently appointed as the postmas- ter at Union, Wyo., where he resides. On Jan- uary 5, 1896, Mr. Clendenning was united in marriage at Evans, Colo., to Miss Barbara Fin- ger, also a native of the state of Ohio, and the daughter of Christian and Margaret (Rentz) Finger, both natives of Germany. Fraternally, Mr. Clendenning is affiliated with the order of Red Men, and is. a leader in the social and fra- ternal life of the community where he resides. He is one of the leading business men of Western Wyoming, progressive and public spirited, and is held in high esteem by a large circle of friends and appreciative acquaintances. WILLIAM C. FAUST. From the teeming millions of Iowa's thrifty and enterprising population, whose progenitors, many of them, within the memory of men yet living, found her an untrodden waste of wild plain and primeval solitude, and, by right of con- quest over nature, gained dominion on her soil and established there a new empire of agricul- tural and industrial wealth, have come forth many men of energy, resourcefulness, daring and stern endurance to help in the subjugation and civilizing of the wilderness of the farther West, and among this number is William C. Faust, now of Cody in Bighorn county, Wyoming, who was born on April 30, 1868, in Iowa, whither his parents came from their native Pennsylvania soon after their marriage. They were Emanuel 7 i8 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMIXG. and Sarah (Runkle) Faust, (see sketch on an- other page.) prosperous farmers in Iowa until 1884, when they removed to Nebraska and set- tled near the city of Lincoln. There they reared their family and gave them such educational ad- vantages as were available under the circum- stances. Their son, William, had reached the age of sixteen before this removal took place, and his school education was practically complet- ed in his native state. Thereafter the lessons of life for him were to be learned in the rugged and exacting but highly effective school of experi- ence, and to its teachings he was subjected soon after taking up his residence in the new state. He remained with the family, however, for a few years longer, in 1891 accompanied them to Montana and in 1892 to Wyoming, arriving in the vicinity of the present town of Otto on No- vember 8, 1892. He there located a homestead, where until 1902 he lived and carried on a flour- ishing stock and farming business. In that year he sold this property and bought a home at Gody, where he now lives. He is still engaged in the stock industry, however, having large herds of cattle and numbers of fine graded horses. He is a member of the Modern Woodmen of Amer- ica and his zeal and activity in the service of the order is highly appreciated. On July 23, 1893, at Otto, he was married to Miss Ivie Perkins, a native of Nevada and a daughter of Harvey L. and Elizabeth (Park) ' Perkins, the former a native of Illinois and the latter of Missouri. They have two children, their daughters, Vella and Stella. An account of Mr. Perkins' interesting life appears on other pages of this volume. HENRY AND JOHN HADDENHAM. These enterprising citizens of Uinta county, Wyoming, come of ancient English lineage, their great-grandfather, William Haddenham, being a lifelong resident of Nottinghamshire, England, his son, William, however, emigrating and,, lo- cating at Provo, Utah, there still maintains bis home at the age of ninety years. His son, Wil- liam, was the father of Henry and John, and his early life was passed in Nottinghamshire where he was educated and learned the trade of stock- ing weaving, in which he was employed a number of years, then, pursuing the requisite technical studies, he came to this country in 1878, when for about two years he continued in Almy, Wyo., as a fireman, thence removing to Ogden, Utah, being there connected with various forms of in- dustrial activity and still maintains his home, standing high in the regards of the people. Mrs. Haddenham was born in England in 185 1, being a daughter of Henry and Sarah (Saunderson) Burton, her father being a puddler in large iron- works of England, and eventually emigrating and locating at Almy, Wyo., in 1875, where he identified himself with the coal-mining indus- try for his subsequent life and being there killed by an explosion in the mine on March 25, 1895. His wife survives him and resides at Diamond- ville. Henry Haddenham was born in Notting- hamshire, England, on March 13, 1868, the son of William Haddenham, and, in the year of 1881, at the age of thirteen years, he formed a part of the family migration to Almy, and in this vicinity he has since resided and been an ener- getic member of society, devoting his endeavors to the domains of mining and ranching, perform- ing also public duties to which he has been called with the same industrious intelligence that his discriminating care bestows upon his private op- erations, being identified with the Democratic party as one of its most consistent supporters, and, while personally a most unostentatious citi- zen, is well-known as a man of clear foresight and tenacious, resolute purpose, possessing sa- gacity, ingenuity and firmness in overcoming ob- stacles in the way of his enterprises. In 1895 Mr. Haddenham married with Miss Catherine C. Simpson, a native of England, and a daughter of George and Frances (Johnson) Simpson. Three children complete the home circle. Wil- liam, Margaret and Mabel. John Haddenham, the brother of Henry, was also born in the old family home in Nottinghamshire, England, and. like Henry, he was a member of the emigrating party which, in November, 1881. dedicated a new home in Almy. Here Mr. Haddenham has "Town from early youth to mature manhood. PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 7*9 engaging for a period of time in mining opera- tions and meeting with a satisfactory success and making many friends. John Haddenham observes political and public matters from a Democratic standpoint, and is always found in active sympa- thy with all things tending to the welfare and the improvement of the community. In 1888 John Haddenham entered into matrimonial rela- tions with Miss Mary Miller, the daughter of Joseph and Mary Miller. Of their seven chil- dren, William died in May, 1891, aged one year and Samuel on June 1, 1895, aged nine months. The others are Elsie, David, Lillian, Dewey and Florence, now making the home happy. JAMES JENSEN. Bishop James Jensen of Grover, Uinta coun- ty, is a native of Denmark, where he was born on October 3, 1833, a son of James and Mary (Larsen) Jensen, also natives of that country and of families long resident there. His father was a farmer and a son of Jense and Kistil Nel- son. The family consisted of seven children, of whom James was the first in order of birth and four of them are living. James attended the state schools in the vicinity of his home, and, after securing their fine educational advantages he went to farming in his native country. On April 20, 1862, he was married with Miss Bodiel Larsen, a daughter of Larse Petersen, and at once set sail with his bride for the New World, where they arrived in due time and with- out incident worthy of note made their way to Utah. Here Mr. Jensen went to work as a labor- er, and continued his operations in that capacity for a number of years. He then cultivated a tract of land in Utah until 1886 when he came to Uinta county, Wyoming, and followed the same pursuit. He was a pioneer in the neigh- borhood where he lives, and, although the place was lonely, the conditions hard and danger ever present, he persevered in his determination to make a home in this land and kept improving and reducing to productive cultivation the quar- ter section of government land he had taken up, which he still owns and which he has brought to a high state of fertility, and on which he con- ducts a prosperous and profitable business in rais- ing cattle. Mr. Jensen takes a prominent part in local affairs, earnestly and actively interested in the government and progress of his church, that of the Latter Day Saints. For thirteen years he has served this people as its faithful and ca- pable bishop, and has been of substantial benefit to their church interests. As has been heretofore noted, he married just before leaving his native country, Miss Bodiel Larsen, who died in Utah on November 22, 1869, leaving two children, James, who is married and living at Grover, and Larse P., who is married and living in Utah. On July 6, 1870, at Salt Lake, Mr. Jensen married with Miss Henrietta Christensen, a native of Denmark, and a daughter of Jacob and Mary Christensen. Six years thereafter, on April 3, she died, leaving all her four children, Joseph, who, in 1892, perished in a snow storm in Wyoming ; Hiram ; Martin, who is married and living in Utah, and Henrietta, now the wife of R. T. Astle of Grover. Mr. Jensen in September, 1879, solemnized his third marriage in Utah, marrying then with Miss Albina Jensen, also a Dane by nativity, a daughter of Jense C. and Anna M. Jensen. The third marriage has brought to the household eight children, Alfred, who is married and a resident of Grover, Wyo. ; Lorenzo, Nephi, Anna E., Nellie Bodiel, Heber C., Wilford L. and Leland L. GEORGE W. KERSHNER. Born and reared amid the scenes of rural and pastoral life in the eastern part of the Mississippi Valley, and receiving his education in the coun- try schools of his neighborhood, George W. Kershner of the Shell Creek district of Wyoming, approached his maturity little dreaming of the stirring and awful scenes of carnage in which he was to take part at the very verge of his man- hood. His life began on July 26, 1841, in the state of Ohio, where his parents, David and Mary (Fletcher) Kershner, the former a native of Maryland and the latter of Ohio, were then living prosperously engaged in farming. When 720 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. he was nine years old they moved to Indiana and four years later to Illinois, and there he reached his twentieth year without unusual experiences. On August 20, 1 86 1, he enlisted in the Union army as a member of Co. B, Thirty-eighth Illin- ois Infantry, and in this command he served three years, the most of the time being actively engaged in the field or on the march, seeing many of the extreme hardships of the contest, and par- ticipating in the terrible and bloody battles of Cor- inth, Stone River, Chickamauga, Chattanooga, and those of the Atlanta campaigns, besides many others. At the end of his three years term he veteranized and was mustered out of the service on March 20, 1866. He then returned to his Illinois home and remained there until 1882, when he removed to Kansas and for the next five years was actively engaged in farming in that state. In 1887 he came to Wyoming, and, tak- ing up the homestead on Horse Creek on which he still resides, devoted his life and energies to raising stock and farming, carrying on there a very prosperous business, which has grown large- ly, both in proportions and profits, as the years have passed and was brought to him the entire confidence and high respect of his fellow men by the upright and very liberal manner in which it has been conducted. His ranch com- prises 200 acres of the best land on the creek, and his herd numbers seldom less than 100 cat- tle and is always up to a high standard of ex- cellence. With vivid recollections of his militarv experiences, and a genuine devotion to his com- rades in arms, Mr. Kershner is a loyal and zeal- ous member of the Grand Army of the Republic, but holds affiliation with no other order or frater- nity. He was married in Illinois, on January 13, 1867, to Miss Cynthalia Layton, a native of that state, who died in Wyoming on January 13. 1894, leaving these children, Andrew A. and Charles B. (see sketch on other pages), Man- J., Fletcher L., Clark M. and George W., Jr. In the peaceful vocations which he has followed on the fruitful soil of Wyoming he has met the re- sponsibilities of life in every relation with the same manly, ready courage and the same loval devotion to dutv which distinguished him on the field of battle and sustained him in the long and wearying marches of the war. And he has main- tained in the home of his adoption and mature life the regard and esteem of his associates as he did that of his companions in the struggle for the integrity of the Union. Whether tried by the fierce tests of sanguinary strife or by the less intense but more continued and searching com- parisons of every-day life, he has come forth untarnished and with merit of a high degree, and presents himself without dishonor. R. H. LEWIS. This pioneer settler of the country immediate- ly surrounding Fossil postoffice, one of the lead- ing stockmen of the region, was born in Janes- ville, Wisconsin, on April 1, 1842, the son of William and Margaret (Clark) LeAvis, the fa- ther being a son of William Lewis, a native of Spain, who later became a resident of Ireland, where he died at a hale old age. The father of Mr. Lewis lived all of his life as an active and industrious resident of Ireland, at his burial at Tepority receiving the funeral honors of a large extent of country. His wife, a daughter of Wil- liam and Margaret (Kelly) Clark, both natives of Ireland, came to Canada after her husband's death, where her death occurred at the age of seventy-four years in 1888. Not long did our subject tarry at home in his youth, for at the age of fourteen years he adopted a maritime life on the Great Lakes, continuing this for eight years, when he came west to Colorado, there en- gaging in freighting from Fort Laramie, contin- uing this for two years, his next employment be- ing the conducting of a saloon and a brewery at Evanston, Wyo., in which he was prosperously engag-ed for seventeen years, the date of his ar- rival at Evanston being 1864. Forecasting the tremendous possibilities of wealth awaiting the individuals who should take the initiative in cov- ering the succulent plains and valleys with herds of cattle, in 1885 Mr. Lewis located at Fossil, at his present location, being the first settler to there establish a home. Here his earnest and unremitting endeavors have been duly prospered, PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 721 his landed estate of 640 acres showing a high de- gree of development and improvement, and man- ifesting the discriminating care and skill that have been bestowed upon it. He is held in high esteem by an unusually wide range of acquaint- ance, who value him, not only for his sagacity and practical wisdom, but also for the many qual- ities of manliness and worth which he has ever shown, being public spirited -to a high degree, and manifesting his interest in all matters affect- ing the general weal as an active member of the Democratic party, with which he has long been affiliated. In 1870 occurred the wedding cere- monies of Mr. Lewis and Miss Susannah Jones, who is a native of Wales and the daughter of Lewis and Susannah (Davis) Jones, who- emi- grated from their native land in 1865, and there- after conducting agricultural operations in the Cache Valley of Utah until 1871, when they re- moved to Council Bluffs, Iowa, where was their home until they closed their eyes in death. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Lewis are : Kate, Margaret, Susannah, Sarah, William, John, Richard, deceased, and Nellie. History lives in the men who make it, and the people are thus the first study, not only as they appear in public, but more so as they are found in private life and in their home relations, and judged by this un- erring criterion, Mr. Lewis stands out as one of the strong characters of a truly pioneer era. JOHN J. McCORMICK. This substantial cattleman, having his produc- tive and extensive ranch on the Laramie River, in Laramie county, Wyoming, was born in Louis- ville, Kentucky, on April 26, 1850. His father was a native of Louisville, a carpenter by trade, but who, believing in the justice of the cause of the South, served in the Confederate army throughout the Civil War. John J. McCormick was educated in his native city and resided there until he was twenty years of age, when he came west, arriving in Cheyenne, Wyoming, in 1872, and was soon employed by the U. S. government in freighting supplies to Fort Laramie, Sidney and to other northern posts, and later he com- menced working on the range. In 1890 he set- tled on the Laramie River one and one-half miles west of his present ranch, engaged in the cattle trade and lived there until 1891, when he re- moved to his present place on the river, eleven miles east of the fort. Mr. McCormick was united in marriage on May 27, 1885, on the Lar- amie River, at the P. C. ranch, to Miss Minnie L. Sutherland, a native of Denver, Colo., and a daughter of James H. and Emma P. (Boler) Sutherland', the former of whom was born in New York and the latter in Kentucky. The McCormick family is of Scottish origin and the immediate ancestors of John J., were settlers in New York state in Colonial days. The Suth- erlands were also of Scottish ancestry. James H. Sutherland, the father of Mrs. McCormick, re- mained in New York until he was seventeen years of age, when he came west and located at Denver, Colo., here engaged in mining until 1861, and then enlisted in Co. D, First Colorado. Cavalry, in which he became disabled after one year's service, took a position in the sutler's store attached to the camp and in this employment served out the remainder of this term of enlist- ment. Before the war Mr. Sutherland had start- ed west from Kansas City with a large quantitv of merchandise belonging to others and valued at $5,000. While camping on the Platte River near Julesburg, Colorado, he was raided by In- dians and robbed of everything and was forced to return to the city from which he had de- parted. After the war Mr. Sutherland married in Kansas City, Mo., and with two teams trav- eled across the plains to Colorado, then built the first hotel in Denver, the St. Charles. This he conducted about two and one-half years, and in 1867 removed to a ranch on Cherry Creek, nine miles from Denver, and engaged in the cattle business for about two years, when he was forced to retire on account of trouble with the Indians, and he was next engaged in mining near Central City, which he followed until 1876. He then started for the Black Hills, but on reaching Fort Laramie, was warned by the soldiers of the In- dian troubles then existing, and he consequently took up a ranch on the Laramie River, twelve 722 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. miles from the fort, engaged in the cattle busi- ness and there resided until his death on Febru- ary 17, 1 89 1, being then the oldest settler in the section and he was buried on the old home- stead. His wife had died on May 17, 1879. John J. McCormick possesses all the inherent shrewd- ness of the indomitable race from which he de- scends, and this is made manifest in every tran- saction of his life. He also possesses the deep- seated religious sentiment with which the Scots are imbued, and his walk through life has been marked by the strictest integrity. He has made hosts of friends since he has resided in Laramie county, who admire him for his straightforward and manly conduct, as well as for his genial dis- position and open-handed generosity. CHARLES MOSLANDER. One of the prominent and representative agriculturists and stockmen of Uinta county, Wyoming, is Charles Moslander, whose fine ranch is located on the Big Muddy, eight miles south of Altamont. He was born in St. Louis, Mo., on June 29, 1857, a son of Joseph and Belle (Humes) Moslander. His father was a native of Wisconsin, while his mother was borri in England. Until he was fourteen years of age Mr. Moslander diligently attended the common schools of St. Louis, and acquired a scholastic foundation for the practical knowledge which has come to him through long years of associa- tion with men and affairs. Commencing the re- sponsibilities of life for himself at the age of fourteen, for seven years he was a teamster in St. Louis, but, on attaining his majority in 1878, he took the long and wearying journey across the plains to Utah, where be located in Cache county and for one year was engaged in work- ing for wages, he then came to Wyoming and was employed for six months in Aspen, and then in Beaver Canyon in Idaho, he engaged in teaming for himself. Eight months later he returned to Utah for the winter, going to Blackfoot, Idaho, in the spring and following freighting for six months from Blackfoot to the Wood River country. He then went back* to Cache Valley and to Beaver Canyon, Idaho, where he was engaged in freighting for six other months and then following freighting from Cache Valley to Camas, Idaho, and also from the mine Viola to Camas, to Cache Valley and to Rawlins, Wyo., occupying in all two years' time in this vocation. From Rawlins he went to Aspen, Wyo., and was engaged in the sawmill business and in ranching. In 1887 Mr. Moslander located 600 acres of government land in partnership with A. K. Stoddard, with whom he formed a business connection in stockraising, which they have conducted with great success to the present. These gentlemen now own about 6,500 acres of productive land and give their attention to the raising of graded Hereford and Durham cattle, of which they raise a large number. They are also interested to some extent in raising sheep and horses on the same property. Mr! Moslander is also con- nected with Mr. Stoddard in the sale of hard- ware and implements and in a lumber and coal business in Nampa, Idaho. Their business operations have been conducted with skill and discrimination and have brought them satisfac- tory and profitable returns. Mr. Moslander has always taken an active part in local affairs as a prominent and valued member of the Democratic party, in whose cause, campaigns and elections he has done valuable service. Fraternally he is a member of the Brotherhood Protective Order of Elks, holding membership with Salt Lake City Lodge, No. 89, at Salt Lake City, and is also identified with the Maccabees at Evanston, Wyo. Mr. Moslander was mar- ried in Logan, Utah, on January 19, 1882, with Miss Maggie Manghan, a daughter of William H. and Elizabeth (Hill) Mangham, who was born in Wellsville, Cache county, Utah, her mother being a native of Canada and her father of England. Eight children constitute the fam- ily of Mr. and Mrs. Moslander, Nora M., a graduate of Brigham Young College at Logan, Utah, and now teaching school in Spring Val- ley, Wyo. ; Bessie, Margaruite, Isabelle, Va- leria, Charles, Harold and Zadia. Mrs. Moslan- der has long been prominently connected with CHARLES MOSLANDER. PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 723 and a useful member of the church of Lattcr Day Saints, and her daily walk and character are in fullest accord with the honorable teach- ings of the church. GEORGE LOGAN. Life has been by no means all sunshine and pleasure with the subject of this review. For- tune has buffeted him with vigor, and opportuni- ties for profit have been swept away just as they were almost within his grasp. The unkindness of man has hampered him and the wrath of the elements has wrought him violent and perman- ent injury. Yet he has met all misfortunes with a courageous and conquering spirit. He was born in Nova Scotia on January 11, 1831, the son of Hugh and Jeannette Logan, natives of Scotland. When he was seven years old they removed to Fall River, Mass., and soon after to "Newport, R. I., where he was educated and passed his majority. In 1858, when he was twen- ty-seven, he emigrated to Kansas and took up his residence at Manhattan. There a cyclone demolished his house and made him a cripple for life. In 1865, yielding to the persuasive voice of the siren that proclaimed the discovery of gold in what seemed fabulous quantities in Alder Gulch, Mont., he sought that promising field for wealth, locating at what is now Virginia City. He did not follow mining for any great length of time, however, but courted fortune's winning smile in other directions, worked at and erect- ed and later operated Mr. Harrison's sawmill, to supply a very exacting and growing demand for their products. When the demand had in a measure subsided or was supplied he engaged in freighting fruit from Salt Lake City to the new mining camps he had helped to build. While doing this he made a trip with his team to Los Angeles, Calif., crossing the desert, daring the dangers and enduring the hardships of the long and tedious journey. On his return he hauled quartz mills to Virginia City for the miners, later lived for a short time at Salt Lake City, and, in 1868, came to Wyoming, being a veritable pioneer in the state. He located at what is now Atlan- 45 tic City in Fremont county, and for twenty-six years was engaged in a sheep industry of good proportions. In 1888 he made a trip east and on his return therefrom took up a homestead in Bighorn county on which he now lives. He owns 158 acres on the North Fork of the Sho- shone River and carries on an active stock busi- ness.- A few years ago he sold his sheep and now raises only cattle, of which he has about 200 head. They are mostly well-bred stock and are kept in good condition. His ranch is an attract- ive and productive one and well adapted to his business. Mr. Logan was married while living in Kansas and his wife died in that state. He is one of the substantial and enterprising citizens of the county and has the respect of all who know him, commercially or socially, having met the responsiblities of life in a manly manner wher- ever he has lived and under all conditions. REUBEN A. MILLER. Born in Warren county, Pennsylvania, in 1863, Reuben A. Miller, now a representative . stockman of Uinta county, Wyoming, is a son of Joseph and Mary (Westfall) Miller, both na- tives of Pennsylvania, the mother being a daugh- ter of James and Hannah Westfall. Joseph Miller has been a farmer and stockman all of his life, coming to Wyoming in 1 He is now located in Idaho, a hale old gentleman of seventy-five years, while the mother now main- tains her home at Ham's Fork, Wyoming. Reu- ben A. Miller was nineteen years old when he ac- companied his people from the East, where he had received the education given at the schools of his native county, and, after various mutations and changes of occupation, the principal ones, however, being the care of cattle and riding on the range, in 1893 he homesteaded 160 acres on Flam's Fork, sixteen miles from Kemmerer and engaged in cattleraising, for which he was by this time particularly well qualified. His herds increasing he soon added eighty acres more to his estate, which he has put well under improve- ment, but he has recently made his home on sec- tion No. 12, township 23, in Uinta county, near 724 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. the Bigpiney postoffice, continuing there to be employed in raising choice breeds of cattle. In politics Mr. Miller supports the Democratic par- ty and is of much importance in local matters of public interest, being a good citizen and a useful member of the cattleraising fraternity. Mr. Miller married in 1896, Miss Lizzie Sutton, a daughter of William Sutton, a prominent citizen, who is more particularly mentioned in the sketch of Edward Sutton elsewhere in this volume, and to which we refer the reader for further details. Mr. and Mrs. Miller have three children, Bertha May, Agnes Irene and Edward. OSBORNE LOAV. Bishop Osborne Low, whose services to his church in exalted stations have been long con- tinued and are much appreciated in this county, is a native of Bear Lake county, Idaho, where he was born on April 1, 1865, a son of Sylvester and Anna A. (Paton) Low, natives of Scotland, who came to L T tah in 1856, while living in that state the father was a miller and merchant. He was prominent in the affairs of the church, serv- ing as clerk of the stake and in the order of the high priesthood. The mother was a daughter of Thomas and Jacobina (Osborne) Paton, and with her husband she is now living at their home in the province of Alberta, Canada. The bishop is one of a family of fourteen children, of whom eleven are living and all married. He was edu- cated in the district schools of Cache county, L T tah, and when he left school engaged in farm- ing in that state until 1890, when he sold out there and came to his present location in Wyo- ming, near Afton in Star Valley. Here he has conducted a prosperous and expanding business in ranching and stockgrowing, handling graded and registered Holsteins principally, and furnish- ing milk to the Burton creamery. He owns a fine farm of 120 acres near the town, which he has improved with a good brick residence, hav- ing nine rooms, one of the best in the neighbor- hood and being the second brick house erected in this valley. He is a man of great enterprise, and takes an active interest in everything pertain- ing to the improvement of the community. He was one of the promoters of the woolen mill re- cently erected at Afton and gives his hearty and serviceable aid to every good enterprise. As a member of the board of education he has given inspiration to the school forces and breadth and vigor to the school system. His tenure of the office of bishop already covers eight years of act- ive work, five at Freedom and three at Afton, and for some time he has been in the high priest- hood. He is a man of restless energy and indus- try, fond of work and fond of association with the progressive people around him, especially the young. For a time he acted as leader of a band, and made application for articles of incorpora- tion to secure its more perfect and efficient organ- ization. On December 1, 1887, in Utah, the bishop was married to Miss Sylvia Merrill, born and reared in that state, a daughter of George G. and Alice (Smith) Merrill, natives of New York who came to L T tah in 1852. She died in her native state on January 8, 1889, leaving one child, Alice A., who died in July of the same year, aged seven months and nineteen days. On November 8, 1894, the bishop contracted an- other marriage in Utah, his choice on this occa- sion, being Miss Mary A. Kennington, who was born in Idaho, the daughter of William H. and Annie R. (Seward) Kennington, natives of Eng- land, but now living at Afton, of whom specific mention is made on other pages of this work. Mr. and Mrs. Low. have four children, Osborne, Jr., Jennie, Bessie and Wanda. FRANK J. MURTA. This energetic and prosperous business man of Uinta county has been long identified with varying phases of the industrial elements which combine to form the prosperity of the state of Wyoming, and, from his business ability, his close connection with progressive movements and his strong personal popularity, he well merits consideration in this work. Mr. Murta was born in 1847, i n Cincinnati. Ohio, the son of Patrick J. and Alice (Ward) Murta, the fa- ther being a native of Belfast, Ireland, where the PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 725 mother was also born in 1824, the daughter of Patrick and Catherine Ward, who were natives of Belfast. Patrick J. Murta was a contractor in Ireland, and, after his emigration, he followed this occupation in New Orleans and Cincinnati, until the time of the Civil War, when he enlisted in the U. S. Heavy Artillery and gave honorable service until the return of peace, thereafter re- suming contracting operations in Cincinnati until 1867, when, coming to Omaha, he filled railroad contracts until 1869, when he took up land on Bear River, Wyo., and engaged in successful ranching, and he is now living a retired life in Montana, He was well-educated, being a close and diligent reader of scientific books_ and other literature and was and is a very popular individ- ual. Frank J. Murta had good educational advantages in Ohio and at the age of eighteen commenced life on a Wyoming ranch, taking up a preemption claim and engaging in raising a high grade of cattle and horses. This he con- tinued with satisfaction and good financial re- sults until 1894, when he changed the nature of his business activity from cattleraising to mer- chandising, locating in Kemmerer, Wyo., where he is prosecuting a business that will ultimately, according to present indications, become of great scope and importance, as he is a popular dealer and citizen, being held in the highest esteem. He is an active and influential member of the Repub- lican party and fraternally one of the Eagles. His first wife, Sarah Bartlett, a native of Iowa and daughter of George and Jane Bartlett, whom he married in 1878, died at the age of twenty-seven years, leaving but three children, Alice, Nettie, and Frank; and in 1900 Mr. Murta, wedded Miss Hannah Morgan, a native of Wales. Mr. Murta stands well in all classes of the com- munity and is a public spirited gentleman. JOHN B. BOYDEN. It is an ofttold tale that the restless energy of New England has pushed the conquest of man over nature in all portions of our country, and has carried side by side with the physical develop- ment of its new footholds the intellectual growth and progress which has made America famous in every capital of the old world, and also made her people potential in every line of mental, me- chanical, and civic enterprise. Wherever her sons and daughters have planted their feet, na- ture has begun to "stand ruled," and the essen- tial dignity and independence of man has been loudly proclaimed. From this fruitful, and seem- ingly inexhaustible, hotbed of creative and sub- duing energy came forth the ancestry of John B. Boyden, of Crook county, who, on this west- ern soil, amid the scenes and responsibilities of frontier life, has well exemplified all the sturdy characteristics, the manly traits, the unyielding determination and the broadening progressive- ness which have ever distinguished his family through all the generations of its American his- tory. And, while his parents came from New England, his father being a native of Boston, Mass., and his mother of Maine, he was himself a product of the frontier, having been born at what is now Minneapolis, on November 19, 1855, the son of Edwin R. and Mary (Goss) Boyden, who came from Maine to Minnesota while it was yet a new territory, settling near Minneapolis when it was scarcely more than a military reser- vation. When Minnesota was opened for settle- ment the father was one of the first to take up land in the neighborhood, locating on ground that was later incorporated as Minneapolis. He was a miner by instinct and by practice, sailed around the Horn in 1849 and traveled much in Colorado, California, Utah and Montana, seeking fortune's favors in all and assisting in establish- ing the supremacy of law and order in each. In Montana he was a member of the Vigilantes, and from time to time he took part in the tragical en- forcement of that organization's vigorous but necessary discipline. As a logical sequence of the hazardous life in which he was engaged he yielded up his spirit at the behest of a highway- man's bullet in Texas in 1868. His widow yet makes her home in Minnesota. Mr. Boyden was educated in the schools of Minneapolis, and, after leaving school he went into business in a store, but finding the work too confining, at the end of a year he apprenticed himself to the machin- 726 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. ist's trade in that city and spent four years learn- ing the craft. But still the roving disposition he had inherited led him, in 1877, to the Black Hills, where he spent the winter prospecting in the vicinity of Deadwood. In the spring he removed to Bear Gulch in Wyoming, and the next fall settled on land on Sand Creek, five miles south of the present site of Beulah. He was one of the first settlers in this section of the state, all the land for many miles around. being wild and unsurveyed, yet its conditions of life satisfied his adventurous disposition, and there he passed his winters in pleasant occupation, prospecting in Bear Gulch in the summers. In the fall of 1880 he took up his residence permanently on the ranch, and when, in 188 1, the survey through this section was completed, he filed on his claim. In 1884, when the time came to prove up on his ranch, he rode to Cheyenne to perform this duty on a pony which he still owns, and which, al- though perhaps one of the oldest in Wyoming, yet shows the spirit and "grit" of his youth, jus- tifying the warm regard in which he is held throughout the surrounding country. With a genuine Yankee's clearness of vision, Mr. Boyden saw the possibilities of the water-power at the head of Sand Creek at the time he located on his land, and has not overlooked it since. He began improving his ranch from his first possession and has steadily pushed forward the improvements until his property is now one of the desirable ones in the county. When Crook county was organized, in 1884, he was elected the surveyor of the hew political bantling, was reelected in 1888 and again in 1890. In this position he gave definiteness and stability to its outlines in various ways, surveying all over its territory and that of the adjoining counties to some extent. In 1889, when the state fish hatchery distributed its fish for propagation in the streams in the Black Hills, Mr. Boyden secured a portion of the distri- bution and stocked the stream on his ranch, dam- ming it for the purpose of aiding the developing of the plant, and from this origin has grown his present hatchery, which is of such ample propor- tions and superior quality in its product that it has been made a sub-station of the U. S. govern- ment hatchery at Spearfish, S. D. Nature has done much for the section in which he lives, lav- ishing on it a wealth of scenery, wild, pictur- esque and grand, that has made it a great resort for tourists, adding to the beauties of the scenery a bounty of sporting features in hunting, fish- ing and other facilities, sufficient to gratify a most exacting nature. Mr. Boyden has largely im- proved his place, but by so doing he has only whetted his appetite for improvements and is ar- ranging for making them on a still larger scale. He is also engaged in the cattle industry to a limited extent. On December 22, 1890, at Sun- dance, Wyo., Mr. Boyden was united in mar- riage with Miss Anna B. Olson, a native of Illin- ois. They have four children, Bliss, Margaret, Cora and Mary. The head of the house is an ardent Democrat in politics, and has always ta- ken a very active and useful interest in the affairs of his party, both local and general. JAMES L. BESS. This successful ranchman of Uinta county and the present public spirited postmaster of La Barge dates his arrival in Wyoming in 1886, when he took up 160 acres in Uinta county and later added to it until he has now 440 acres of deeded land on which he raises horses and cattle. He is a descendant of old Colonial stock in New York state, through his father, who was James L. Bess, a son of Alfred and Laura (Richard- son) Bess, who immigrated to Utah in 1850. On his mother's side he claims the distinction of relationsbip with Gen. Sterling Price of the Con- federate army, who was an uncle of his mother, Joana P. Fulmer, the daughter of John S. and Mary (Price) Fulmer of Tennessee, who also migrated to Utah in 1850. In the family of James L. Bess there were six children, but he was the only son of his parents and came to them in Salt Lake City on June 16, 1856, remain- ing- there until his school days were over and he bad later passed some time in mining and ranch- ing. In 1882 he married with Miss Martha E. Zyderland, a daughter of Martin and Cornelia (Ages) Zyderland, native Hollanders, and they PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 7V also have seven children, Josie May, Laurence Z.. Murel A., Coranelia, Delbert, James V., Lula I. Notwithstanding the numerous cares devolving upon him for the support and training of so large a family, Mr. Bess has been a popular postmaster for several years and also an active and intelli- gent worker on the school board, and, in every public cause which tended to the true growth of his section of Wyoming, he has been a vigilant but wisely conservative factor. Fraternally he associates with the Maccabees and socially he and his good wife are respected and loved for the virtues and open-hearted hospitality that are their natural heritage from their ancestors, the good, old Dutch families of New York and Hol- land and from the unfailing and far-famed cour- tesy of the Southern planter. They are justly ranked among the prominent pioneers of a state noted for its rapid increase in growth and impor- tance and in, the sturdy and intelligent character of its diversified population, among whom this family stands in a high position, and also for hav- ing some of the wildest, grandest scenery on the American continent. CHARLES A. DEREEMER. An oldtime rider of Wyoming who is a past- master in the art of handling cattle, who has learned by long years of practical and pleasant experience all that there is to know concerning the stock business on the great plains of the West, Charles A. Dereemer is now one of the prominent stockmen of Laramie county, Wyo- ming. He was born in Lorain county, Ohio, on February 25, i860, the son of Joseph and Emma M. Dereemer, the father having his birth at Camden, Lorain county, Ohio, and the mother receiving her nativity in Otsego county, N. Y. In 1863, when but three years of age, he accom- panied his parents on their long, dangerous and wearisome way to California, and, after residing in that state for three years, the mother and son returned to Ohio in 1866, the father remaining in California, where he later died at Blue Can- yon, in Placer county. From 1866 Charles lived with his maternal grandparents, William and Eunice (Gibson) Armstrong, who were honored residents of AVakeman, Ohio, until he was eleven years old, where he accompanied his mother to Wyoming, where she located a ranch on Horse Creek and soon thereafter married with Daniel Stanton Lathan. Of the very estimable and ca- pable mother an extended personal history will be found on page 74 of this volume. Mr. De- reemer commenced his long life of activity in cattleraising on his mother's Horse Creek ranch, where he grew to man's estate, receiving his early education in the schools of that section, and later attending the graded schools at the city of Chey- enne for two years. After the completion of his education he continued on the Horse Creek ranch, managing the business for his mother and carry- ing it on with great success. He also acquired an interest in the business and continued oper- ations there until 1888, when he married and re- moved to his present ranch on Horse Creek, where he has since resided. This property he acquired in 1886, and has improved from that time. He has carried on here a successful business in cattle and horseraising, and is now considered as one of the substantial business men and property owners of his section of the state of Wyoming. It may be said that Mr. Dereemer has graduated from the saddle into the business which is now occup)dng his mature years, having ridden Wyo- ming ranges as a cowboy for more than fifteen years, and now being one of the oldest practical stockmen in that section of the western country and counted as one of the best posted cattlemen in Wyoming. It is very interesting to hear him relate his early experiences on the range dur- ing frontier days. During a considerable portion of this time the Indians were very hostile and troublesome, and their annoyances and depreda- tions were often of such a nature as to severely try the courage, judgment and endurance of the stockmen during the early history of Wyoming. The discretion and coolness of Mr. Dereemer, combined with his invincible courage and deter- mination, were often the means of. carrying him through places where both his life and property and that of others were in danger. On Septem- ber 27, 1888, Mr. Dereemer was united in the 728 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. holy bonds of wedlock in Chicago, 111., to Miss Ida J. Mosher, a native of Ohio, and the daugh- ter of Lewis and Hannah E. (Whitney) Mosher, natives of the same state. The father followed the occupation of farming in Ohio, and continued in that business in the county of Lorain until his death, which occurred on April 7, 1888. Her mother had passed away on March 15, 1886, aged fifty-one years and five months. Both lie buried in Lorain county, Ohio, as does their only son, William J. Mosher, who died on October 17, 1880, being aged twenty-four years and nine months. Lewis Mosher was an honored citizen of Lorain county, standing especially high in Masonic circles for many years. He was born in Perry, Lake county, Ohio, on September 27, 1826, and his wife was born on October 16, 1835, in Camden, Lorain county. In a quiet, un- pretentious manner they accomplished much good in their lives and the world was the better for their having lived. Mr. and Mrs. Dereemer have six children, Emma E., Lewis M., William S., Charles H., Gertrude I. and Joseph E., and their home is noted for its many comforts and congenial surroundings. Mr. Dereemer is a stanch adherent of the Republican party, and is one of the most trusted of the advisers of that political organization in Laramie count}". He has never sought or desired any public office, but has consistently pursued his successful course as a practical ranchman and stockgrower, first of the territory and afterwards of the state of which he is an honored citizen. JAMES M. HOGE. A successful and progressive stockman of Albany county. Wyoming, James M. Hoge, now a resident of Laramie, is a native of Pennsyl- vania, having been born in that state in 1853, be- ing the son of Solomon and Sarah (Overturff) Hoge, natives of the same state. The father was born in 181 5, and followed the occupation of farming, in which he continued up to the time of his decease, which occurred in 1873. He was an active factor in the political life of the section where he resided, identified with the Democratic party, and he for many years held the position of justice of the peace in his native county. He was the son of Thomas Hoge, also a native of the same state. The mother of the subject of this review is of German descent, being the daughter of John and Sarah (Allison) Overturff, both natives of the 'Keystone state. She was a woman of remarkable strength of character and the mother of eleven children, all of whom are living. James M. Hoge grew to maturity and received his early academical training in the schools of his native state, and subsequently at- tended for a short time the college at Waynes- burg, in that state. Leaving college at the age of twenty years, he engaged in the business of civil engineering in Pennsylvania, and later took up the study of the law, and was in due time ad- mitted to the bar of that state. Engaging in the practice of his profession he was soon thereafter tendered an appointment as clerk of the Probate Court by Governor Pattison, which he accepted and served in that responsible position for about one year. In 1890 he removed his residence to Wyoming and established himself near the city of Laramie in the business of ranching and cat- tleraising. He has met with success in this line and he finds the occupation more congenial to his tastes, if not more profitable, than the practice of the law. He is now the owner of a fine ranch property of about 6,000 acres of land, improved with good fences, modern buildings and all the conveniences and appliances for the carrying on of a successful ranching and stockraising busi- ness. He gives especial attention to the breeding of fine thoroughbred and graded Hereford? and Shorthorns, and is the owner of some of the most valuable animals in the state. By his energy, enterprise, thrift and progressive methods of conducting his business he is rapidly accumulat- ing a handsome fortune and is one of the leading stockmen of his section of Wyoming. In 1878. while yet a resident of his native state, he was united in marriage to Miss Martha M. McNeely, also a native of that state and the daughter of John and Catherine (Stockdale) McNeely. both natives of Pennsylvania. They have two chil- dren, Owen S. and Catherine E., hoth of whom PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 729 are still living. The home of Mr. and Mrs. Hoge is noted for its refined surroundings, and for the hospitality which they take pleasure in ex- tending to their large circle of friends and ac- quaintances. Mr. Hoge is identified with the Republican party, taking an active interest in public affairs, although he has never sought or desired any political position, preferring to give his time and attention wholly to the management and promotion of his private business. He is, however, a leader in the husbandry interests of the community where he maintains his home and enjoys the high esteem of all. His ability and popularity are such that, should he desire to seek public honors, his fitness for any position of trust or honor would be conceded by all classes of his fellow citizens. WILLIAM H. HUNT. William H. Hunt is in all respects essentially both a product and a representative of the fron- tier and the cattle industry, having passed his life so far practically as a pioneer and on the range. He was born in Texas on December 12, 1858, and became a resident of Wyoming in 1880. His parents were William H. and Cath- erine (Cardell) Hunt, natives of Ithaca, New York, who migrated to Texas soon after its ad- mission to the American Union as a state. The father there engaged in the stock industry and became one of the best-known and most exten- sive of its prominent land and cattle owners. His son, William, attained manhood and was educat- ed in his native state, and, in 1880, when he was twenty-two years old, he came with a drove of cattle to Wyoming, locating at first in Johnson county, and, two years later, removing to Sheri- dan county, where he accepted a position as fore- man of the Grinnell Live Stock Co. He remained with this company until 1884, when he took a contract from a number of cattlemen to keep their stock away from the Indian reservation. After engaging in this hazardous and trying oc- cupation for two years, in 1886 he removed to what is now Bighorn county, Wyoming, and set- tled on Shell Creek, where he located a ranch and began a promising industry in the raising of stock and in general farming. For six years he continued operations on this site and then moved to the ranch which he now owns and occu- pies, and on which he has since then carried on the same branches of husbandry with commend- able and fruitful diligence and system. He has a fine ranch of 160 acres, well-improved and vigorously cultivated, and runs on it an average of nearly 200 cattle of superior breed and quality, keeping his output up to a high standard, with all of his stock in prime condition. In public af- fairs Mr. Hunt has always taken an active in- terest, and has been of great service to northern Wyoming by his enterprise and public spirit. He helped to organize Johnson, Sheridan and Big- horn counties, and in 1896 was elected clerk of Bighorn county on the Democratic ticket, being the first clerk of the county by election. He was the nominee of his party for the same position in 1898 and again in 1902. In 1900 he was on the Democratic presidential electoral ticket and the same year helped to found and became the editor and manager of the Wyoming Dispatch. Through the columns of this paper he advocated the cause of his party with vigor and force, and helped materially in making it popular with the electors of the county. In 1883, at Dayton in Sheridan county, this state, he was married to Miss Emma L. Whitcomb, a native of Indiana. They have six children, Hudson, Catherine, Em- mett, Sylvanus, Edwin and Belle. LEVI LEHMER. The great state of Ohio, which has contrib- uted so liberally to the official life and govern- mental control of the nation, has not been inactive or niggardly in contributions to other lines of useful activity. Her sons have exemplified the best elements of American manhood in every forum, and helped in the development of every frontier state and territory. Among those born on her soil, who have been potential factors in building up Wyoming, and also in bringing her resources to the knowledge and service of mankind, Levi Lehmer, of Bigpiney, Uinta coun- 730 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. ty, holds a deservedly high rank. He was born in Tuscarawas county, Ohio, on October 30, 1852, and, four years later, his father, Henry D. Leh- mer, a native of Pennsylvania, descended from old Holland Dutch ancestors, died in Ohio at the age of forty-six years. When her son, Levi, was twelve years old, the widowed mother removed her young family to Indiana, and there she reared and educated them as best she could on the slen- der means available for the purpose. But, early in his life, even when he was but fourteen, Levi Lehmer was obliged to shift for himself and then and there began the career of industry and frugality that has brought him his present pros- perity and standing, by working on farms in the neighborhood of his Hoosier home and at such odd jobs as he could get in other lines. When he was nineteen years old he made a long stride into the then far West, stopping in Nebraska, where he engaged in farming three years, in 1874 coming to Wyoming, where for a year he worked for the Union Pacific at Medicine Bow. From there he went to Green River and continued with the same company for seven more years. He began his railroad service as a section hand and by regular promotions became an engineer be- fore he quit it. In the year of 1879-80 be was engaged in the cattle business on the Spur ranch, which he owned at that time, but, in 1883, he set- tled on the pleasant and fertile one he now owns and occupies, which consists of 306 acres of productive land, all under irrigation, much of it being cultivated for the benefit of his cattle and horses, of which he has a large number of a good quality. In addition to his stock indus- try he runs a sawmill about fifteen miles north- west of Bigpiney on Middle Piney Creek, and, with all its capacity, which is considerable for its kind, he is unable to supply the demand for its product. Being a public spirited and enter- prising man, he has in contemplation the enlarge- ment of its equipment which the trade demands. Mr. Lehmer has been deeply and actively inter- ested in the advancement and improvement of the community, and to this end has given time and attention to local public affairs in many ways. He has served as a justice of the peace and he has been at the front of every commendable movement along the lines of safe and healthful progress. On March 3, 1895, he was united in marriage with Mrs. Alice J. Bugher, widow of Dr. J. O. Bugher, of this county, and a daughter of Edward and Jane (Hargraves) Davis, na- tives of England. Mrs. Lehmer had five chil- dren by her first marriage, Archie C, Ralph C, John C, Christina F. and Ruby E. Bugher. One child has blessed her second marriage, a daugh- ter, Bessie M. Lehmer. The father of Mrs. Leh- mer is still living, at the age of eighty years, at AVhitewater, Kan., with his son, Edward Davis, who is the editor of the AVhitewater Independent. Mr. Lehmer's mother, some years after the death of his father, contracted a second marriage, being then united with Jacob Sliffe of Pennsylvania. GRIFFITH H. MAGHEE. Although one of the younger business men of the city of Rawlins and the state of Wyoming, Griffith H. Maghee of the Ferris-Maghee Drug Co., of Rawlins, is easily in the front rank of the business forces of the state, and his enter- prise and breadth of view will keep him there, however rapidly those forces may advance or widen the sweep of their operations. He is the son of a Wyoming pioneer of 1873. a native of Evansville, Indiana, born on January 25, 1872, and brought by his parents to reside in this new land when he was about a year old. His parents. Dr. Thomas G. and Mary E. (Williams) Maghee. were natives respectively of Indiana and Ken- tucky. The father grew to manhood in his native state and was educated in its public and other schools. At the beginning of the War between the Sections he enlisted in the Union army, and his service lasted to the close of the contest. He then completed his medical studies and joined the U. S. regular army and was appointed a sur- geon in the service. In this capacity he was first stationed at Omaha, and in 1873 was transferred to Wyoming and stationed at Fort Stanbaugh. Later he was at Fort Brown and then at Fort Washakie. In 1878 he resigned, and locating at Green River, he opened a drug store, and, a PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 73i year later, he removed his base of operations to Rawlins and engaged in the practice of medicine, in which he is still actively ocupied. In 1884 his wife died, leaving as her surviving children three sons, Morgan M., Griffith H., Torrey B. Morgan M. is the efficient manager of the Rawlins electric light plant, and was the captain of Troop K in Colonel Torrey's Rough Riders in the Spanish- American war ; Torrey B. is a cadet at West Point; Griffith H. is the immediate subject of these paragraphs. In 1885 the Doctor was married to his second wife, Miss Evelyn Baldwin, daughter of the late Major Noyes M. Baldwin, of Lander. Griffith H. Maghee has so far passed his whole life from infancy in this state, except such time as he passed at school, and he is therefore thoroughly identified with the interests of the commonwealth and with the vital- ity and progress of her commercial, industrial and moral forces. He was primarily educated in her public schools, and, in their more ad- vanced courses of instruction, prepared himself for the University training, which later he re- ceived at the State University of Nebraska, lo- cated at Lincoln. After leaving that institution he attended the Philadelphia College of Phar- macy and thereafter the Northwestern Univer- sity at Chicago, from the pharmaceutical de- partment of which he was graduated with honors in 1897. He returned to Wyoming and at Raw- lins started a drug business, which in 1902, was merged in the present enterprise, conducted un- der the firm-name of the Ferris-Maghee Drug Co., which is conducting a strictly first-class es- tablishment, down-to-date in every way, being well worthy of the great confidence and popular- ity which it enjoys in the community through which its benefits are spread. The men at the head of the enterprise are pharmacists, in truth and in fact, and their chief desire, commercially, is to make their place of business essentially a pharmacy, and not subordinate that feature to any side line, not even any of those which are by custom allied with it. Their store is one of the finest in equipment and arrangement, and their stock is one of the most complete in the Northwest, where the large number of patrons may always be sure of finding the best of every article of standard and staple drugs, patent med- icines, toilet requisites, perfumes, rubber sun- dries and the other commodities belonging to the business. The genial and popular proprietors give their personal attention to the prescription department, where they use only the freshest and purest drugs and chemicals, and also exercise the most discriminating intelligence and skill in all the. operations of their accurate prescription com- pounding. Their devotion to their business, their careful attention to its every detail and their un- varying integrity and courtesy of manner, have won for them a well-deserved mercantile and pro- fessional success. In 1902 Mr. Maghee was ap- pointed by the late Governor Richards a mem- ber of the state board of pharmacy, of which he has been made secretary, and in this position it has been his constant effort to have the laws governing the practice of pharmacy strictly en- forced, and he has won high commendation for his care and conscientiousness in the matter. He is a prominent member of the order of Odd Fel- lows in all of its branches and also belongs to the Woodmen of the World. On February 6, 1903; he and R. L. Newman, of Rock Springs, organized the Wyoming Pharmaceutical Associa- tion, and he was chosen secretary of the new or- ganization. At Lander, in this state, on June 11, 1900, Mr. Maghee wedded Miss Florence C. Baldwin, a native of Fremont county, Wyes, and a daughter of the late Major Noyes M. Bald- win of Lander, a sketch of whom appears else- where in this work. His wife is a sister of his stepmother. Both of these ladies possess high accomplishments combined with the most pleas- ing manners and presence. RICHARD MAY. The subject of this sketch is a familiar Wyo- ming personage, commonly known as Indian Dick, whose residence is at Wind River, about forty-two miles west of Fort Washakie, Wyo- ming. He is supposed to be one of the few sur- viving members of the very lamentable Mountain Meadow massacre. When he was about the age 73 2 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. of nine years, he left Salt Lake City, where was then his home, and went to reside with the Ban- nock tribe of Indians, with whom he made his home for the next six months. At the end of that time he was "rescued" or rather taken from the Indians by U. S. soldiers under General Can- by, the same gallant officer who was afterwards treacherously murdered by the Modoc Indians. Young May was carried by General Canby to Fort Bridger, where he remained for about one year. He then ran away from that post, found his way unto the Shoshone Indians, and was af- terward sold by the Indian who had laid claim to him to another Indian for a blanket. He had a number of exciting experiences while making his home with this tribe, and participated in two of their wars with other tribes. Subsequently he left the Shoshones and for two years lived in Montana with the Crow Indians. Still later he joined his fortunes with the Cheyennes, and went with them into Colorado, where he joined with them in their wars with the white settlers there. Returning again to the Crow nation, he lived with that tribe during its fierce wars with the Sioux. Upon leaving the Crows the spirit of adventure led him to find his way to the Black- feet tribe of northern Montana, for a time he resided with them and also joined in their wars with other tribes. He also lived with the Flat- heads and with the Montereys, thus becoming thoroughly familiar with Indian character and languages. He speaks the Flathead, Blackfoot, Crow and Shoshone tongues and is well-known to all of the Indians of the western country. During a period of three years he was the guide and interpreter at the military post at Fort Washakie. In 1876 he was with the army of General George Crook which was campaigning against the Sioux, serving in the capacity of government scout, and made a great reputation for himself by his great efficiency. He participat- ed in the fight at Slim Butte and was in all of the stirring and trying episodes of the campaign of that year. He continued to reside with the Shoshone tribe until he purchased the ranch which he now occupies, engaged in the business of ranching and cattleraising and is now the own- er of a fine place of about 320 acres, with a con- siderable herd of cattle, and he is steadily adding to his holdings of both land and cattle. During his early life among the Shoshones he was united in marriage to Lucinda, a member of that tribe. She was a superior woman and was a valued helpmeet to him for more than twenty- two years before her death. In November, 1900, he was again married, his present wife having been Miss Annie Calhoun, the daughter of James Calhoun, one of the early pioneers and a respect- ed citizen of the Wind River country. They have one child, Frank, and their home is one of the most hospitable ones of their section of the state. During his life on the plains Mr. May acted for a number of years as guide into the Yellowstone National Park. Among other not- able parties Of whom he had charge, a prominent one was that of President Chester A. Arthur, General Phil Sheridan and Secretary of War Robert Lincoln along in the eighties, many other dignitaries also receiving his care. S. CONANT PARKS. On each side of his house descended from a long line of distinguished ancestors, S. Conant Parks, the genial and companionable vice-presi- dent of the First National Bank of Lander. Wyo- ming, exemplifies in his daily life the character- istics of good citizenship which have given so many of his family prominence and public re- gard. He was born at Auburn, 111., on May 15, 1859, the son of Thomas S. and Nancy C. (Po- ky) Parks, the father a native of Indiana, born on May 22, 1822, and the mother of Muhlenberg county, Ky., born on March 24, 1828. On the father's side his forebears run back in an un- broken continuance to Sir Robert Parks, of Pres- ton, England, whose son, Samuel, emigrated to America and settled at Wethersfield, Conn., in 1640; and to Roger Conant, of England, who landed at Plymouth in 1623 and became the gov- ernor of the Dorchester Company and thereby the first governor of Massachusetts. In both lines the genealogy sparkles with the patronymics of men well-esteemed in their several stations PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 7SS and localities as elevated and influential citizens, who both ■ dignified and adorned every walk of life in which they were found, and inspired with healthy and increased vitality every line of use- ful activity among men. The father of Mr. Parks was the president of the leading bank at Auburn, 111., and a prominent man in the public affairs of that section of the country. He died at the ripe age of sixty-nine years, on January 28, 1 89 1, at Auburn, where most of his life of mercantile and public usefulness had been passed, and where his widow still resides. His parents were Beaumont and Nancy (Conant) Parks, the former a native of Bethlehem, Conn., and the lat- ter of Windsor, Vt. Beaumont Parks was a pro- fessor in the University of Indiana and a son of Elijah and Hannah (Beaumont) Parks, natives of Connecticut. Elijah was a son of Nathaniel Parks, Jr., and a grandson of Nathaniel, whose father was Edwards Parks, then of Killingworth, Conn. Edward was a lineal descendant of Sir Robert Parks, native to Preston, Eng. Hannah Beaumont was a daughter of William and Sarah (Everett) Beaumont, of Windham, Conn., the former of whom became a celebrated physician of St. Louis, Mo. Nancy Conant's father was Stephen Conant, a veteran of the Revolutionary War, born in June, 1762, a son of Ezra and Mili- cent (Newell) Conant. He enlisted as a youth in Capt. Enoch Chaplin's company of Massachu- setts volunteers early in the war for independ- ence, and lived to see the triumph of the prin- ciples for which he fought and their crystalliza- tion in the complete establishment of the new republic among the nations of the earth. Ezra Conant died on December 7, 1804. He was a son of Benjamin and Martha (Davidson) Con- ant, and a leading man in both the Colonial and the Federal periods of New England history. His father was John Conant, born on December 15, 1652, at Beverly, Mass., and the husband of Bethiah Mansfield. He also took a prominent part in the public affairs of his day and section, aiding materially, as a gallant soldier in Captain Samuel Appleton's company in King Philip's War, in securing the peace and prosperity of New England and in many other ways contribut- ing to the growth and development of the colo- nies after that bloody contest was over. He was a son of Lot Conant, who was born at Nantasket,. Mass., in 1624, and married with Elizabeth Wal- ton. For twelve years Lot Conant served as a se- lectman, proving himself as wise in counsel as he was vigorous in action. His father, Roger Conant, was baptized at East Budleigh, Eng- land, in 1592, and emigrated to America in 1623,. landing at Plymouth. He was later chosen gov- ernor of the Dorchester company, and thus be- came the first governor of the Massachusetts Bay colony. He was a son of Richard, and Rich- ard was a son of John Conant. Mr. Park's moth- er was a daughter of Joseph and Hannah (Gos- sett) Poley, both belonging to Southern families, the Poleys being long solidly established in Ken- tucky as were the Gossetts in Louisiana. Joseph Poley was born on February 1, 1802. He grew to manhood and was educated in his native state, and afterwards became one of the early settlers of Sangamon county, 111., where he accumulated a large estate and became prominent in its busi- ness and public life. His father, Charles Poley, was born in the province of Alsace, then a part of France, and was carefully educated in Paris for the Christian ministry. Changing his plans, however, after reaching man's estate, he came to this country and settled in Kentucky, then a vast expanse of largely unbroken wilderness, but making such rapid strides in progress and devel- opment that it was already clamoring for admis- sion to the dignity of statehood, and this it soon thereafter assumed. In the movement which se- cured this result, and in the establishment and early administration of the state government, Mr. Poley was active, prominent and serviceable. S. Conant Parks of Lander, the immediate subject of this review, was the second of the five children born to his parents, three of whom are now liv- ing, one of his two sisters being Miriam, the wife of Silas S. Lewis, of St. Louis, Mo., and the other, Mary Parks, being a resident of Illinois. He received his preliminary scholastic training in the elementary and high schools of his native city, later being graduated from the University of Michigan in the class of '85 with the degree 734 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. of A. B., and still later receiving that of Ph. D. from the University at Halle, Germany. In 1888, after finishing his course of instruction at the noted German school, he came to Wyoming, and, locating at Lander, became the vice-president of a private bank in that city, which, in 1892, was reorganized as the First National Bank of Lan- der. Of this institution he is still a director and the vice-president, having in addition to the du- ties connected therewith a number of business connections of importance. He is one of the leading men in the control of the First National Bank of Thermopolis, and is also one of the di- rectorate conducting the banking house of Amor- etti, Parks & Co., of Cody. To every enterprise in which he takes an interest he gives devoted attention, making it feel the quickening impulse of his master hand. In fraternal relations he has ascended the Masonic ladder through the lodge, chapter and commandery, and is an act- ive worker in the various bodies. He was mar- ried on April 24, 1889, to Miss Clara Hills, of Chicago, a daughter of John N. and Caroline (Tuttle) Hills of that city, natives of Vermont. Mrs. Parks is a Daughter of the Revolution and a Colonial Dame ; being also an active worker- in the Episcopal church. They have one child, Harold Hills Parks, whose sunny presence helps to brighten their pleasant home on Third street in Lander. In the business and social circles of the community no man stands higher than Mr. Parks, and none has or is entitled to a higher place in the public regard as a citizen. JOHN B. WARREN. Descending from distinguished American an- cestors who were identified prominently with the Massachusetts colony long before the Declaration of Independence was drafted, the original Eng- lish emigrant being one of the founders of the commonwealth, and also being connected collater- ally with that distinguished physician of Bos- ton, who, as Gen. Joseph Warren, was killed at the battle of Bunker Hill, where he was in com- mand of the Patriot troops, John B. Warren, now of Granger, Wyoming, has well maintained the loyalty and devotion of every generation of his American kindred by valiantly defending the in- tegrity of the national flag on many a bloody battlefield of the Civil War, and, by his uniformly manly endeavor in the vocations of his peaceful life, where he has won material prosperitv b^ the force of his native talents and industry, secur- ing at the same time universal public esteem and confidence. It is eminently fitting that he should have a fixed place in this volume, devoted as it is to the progressive men of the state, and it is with pleasure that we here give a review of his active and eminently useful career. John B. Warren was born in Lapeer county, Mich., on February 7, 1837, a son of John and Elizabeth (Evans) Warren, natives of New York, the mother also descending from prominent English stock. The father was a farmer and stockraiser, a quiet, home-loving man who wrought well in the station of life where Providence had placed him, until came the summons of war, when, one of the earliest of the citizens of his state to re- spond to -the call of his country, he enlisted in the First Michigan Engineer Corps, early in 1 861, and followed the dangerous adventures of that organization through the first battle of Bull Run, and numerous other hotly contested en- gagements, until he was mustered out by death at Nashville, Tenn., in 1862 at the age of forty- nine years. His widow is still residing at her Michigan home at the venerable age of eighty- five years. Having attained mature life and receiving the benefits of the excellent com- mon-schools of Michigan, the innate patriotism of the race impelled our subject to throw his en- ergies, and life if God so willed, into his coun- try's defense, and in 1863 he enlisted in Co. I of the same organization in which his father had served, the historic First Michigan Engineer Corps, with which he participated, in its bloody march through the South, in the battles of Shiloh. Crab Orchard, Rock Creek. Lookout Mountain and many another lesser engagement, until Octo- ber 15. 1864, when he was honorably discharged from service at Atlanta, Ga. Upon returning to civil life Mr. Warren engaged in lumbering oper- ations in Michigan with his brother-in-law, Les- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 735 ter Weston, for about a year, then started for the illimitable opportunities of the great West. In 1865 he outfitted at Leavenworth, Kan., and crossed the plains with a U. S. government train, continuing with it until it arrived at Fort Doug- las, Utah, and he was thereafter connected with various industries for about three years, when he returned to Denver, soon, however, remov- ing to Cheyenne, Wyo., where he became identi- fied with railroad work, continuing to be em- ployed in this capacity until May 10, 1869, when, by an accident, he lost his right leg. Being thus incapacitated for a continuance of his labors there, he came to Green River and was here em- ployed bv the railroad company until 1873, when, perceiving a good opportunity, he engaged in car- pentry, in whish he continued successful opera- tions until he retired from active business but a short time since. He came to Granger in 1883, building there and for some years success- fully conducting the hotel, which he now leases. He has erected and now owns several of the im- portant buildings of the town and is considered one of the leading citizens of the community. Always willing to do his share in every public duty or private beneficence, Mr. Warren has faithfully and capably filled such of the public offices as he would accept. He has been an able deputy sberiff, and he was the second justice of tbe peace elected at Green River, Wyo., and was the first incumbent of the latter office at Granger, holding it by successive reelections until he would hold it no longer. Mr. Warren in 1873 wedded Miss Ruby Rumble, a daughter of Henry Rumble, at Green River, Wyo.. On June 10, 1875, she was called from earth, leaving two children, John, who resides in Terrace, Utah, and Andrew, now of Granger. He secured his second wife on June 23, 1884, in his marriage with Mrs. Sarah (Hughes) Edwards, who was the mother of four children by her marriage to James Edwards, namely, James, Jr., now of Granger; Sarah, now Mrs. David Hughes, of Montpelier, Idaho; Barbara, wife of J. R. Bren- nan, of Montpelier, and Gertrude, who yet lives with her mother. Mr. and Mrs. Warren have had two children, Alice and Frederick, the latter meeting an untimely death in the railroad yards at Granger on December 2, 1885. Mr. Warren and his estimable wife exhibit in their cheery home the liberal hospitality of the West, many friends and strangers as well being the recipients of a truly home-like welcome and cheer. FRANK L. SENFF. "Not honored less than he who heirs is he who founds a line." This sentiment from our American Quaker poet applies aptly to Frank L. Senff, one of the pioneers and builders of John- son county, Wyoming, whose- untimely death on July 22, 1892, at the age of fifty-three, in the full maturity of his physical and mental powers, when his influence for good in his community was at its height, caused universal regret. He was a native of Germany, born on November 19, 1839, and there he grew to manhood, received his education and learned his trade as a cutler. When he was twenty-four years old, feeling cramped by the crowded condition of labor and the obstacles to aspiration in the Fatherland, and hearkening to the voice of the New World offer- , ing each workman what his special craft de- mands, each brain a ready market for its wares, he embarked his hopes in the venture and came to the United States, landing at Philadelphia and there living and working at his trade for a period of five years. At the end of that time he removed to Chicago and in that city started an enterprise in cutlery on his own account, which he conducted on an expanding scale for fourteen years, then sold to seek a home in the farther West. This business is still in vigorous progress and all the industries with which he was connected in the state of his last adoption are flourishing and healthy. When he came to north- ern Wyoming, in 1882, he stopped at Pine Bluffs, near Cheyenne, long enough to get together and fit up wagons for the transportation of himself and his belongings across the territory, and, ar- riving in April of that year, on the banks of Lit- tle Piney Creek, he took up a ranch near the mountains. But, soon after, not liking the loca- tion, he purchased the rights which had accrued 736 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. in the ranch he now occupies and used his right of preemption in connection therewith and thus secured a desirable home, which he continued to occupy until his death. The ranch is on Big Piney Creek, fourteen miles north of Buffalo, well located, highly improved, made very pro- ductive by skillful cultivation, and has an envi- able name throughout all the countryside for its genuine and generous hospitality. The next year after his arrival his family joined him, and they inaugurated an industry in cattleraising which is still in prosperous and progressive activity and has grown .to great dimensions. The ranch con- sists of 720 acres of deeded land and has attached a large acreage of leased land. It is now under the direct supervision of Mr. Senff's widow, who has carried on its work successfully and skillfully since his death, continuing, in her way and as far as she can, the public spirit and interest in every good enterprise for the advancement of the county which distinguished her honored hus- band and made him one of the most esteemed, as he was one of the earliest and most useful, citizens of his portion of the state. On Novem- ber 20, 1864, in the city of Philadelphia, Pa., Mr. Senff married with Miss Pauline Roesiger, his companion and helpmeet to the close of his life. She was a native of Germany and came to America, when she was quite a young woman, with friends of her family, making her home with her aunt until her marriage. Nine children blessed their union, all of whom are living and prospering in various lines of active usefulness. They are : Frank R., now engaged in mining at Dawson, Alaska : Arthur, who has a ranch adjoining his mother's ; Mildred, now married with J. G. Cors- lett and living at Sheridan, Wyo ; Fred, engaged in the pursuit of ranching, also in Wyoming : Lena, now a popular teacher in the schools of the state of Washington ; Agnes, married to W. F. Sonnamaker, and living on Prairie Doq-; Harry, Ernest and Edel, all belonging to the family household. The family are Lutherans in church connection, as was Mr. Senff. He was also a Republican in politics, but, while taking an active interest in the welfare of his party, always sin- cerely loyal to its principles and policies, he was not an office-seeker nor a bigoted partisan. His love for his adopted country was genuine and fer- vent, and where the interests of his community were concerned he forgot party and every other narrowing affiliation, in his broad and substantial patriotism. The name of this family is a house- hold word throughout its section of the state, standing high in public and private regard wher- ever known as a synonym for all the best ele- ments of progressive American citizenship. JOHN W. AGEE, The growth and development of every new country is deeply and lastingly indebted in all essential particulars to the numbers of its citi- zens, whose course in life has not lain along the points and pinnacles of great affairs, where his- tory holds her splendid march, and any record of achievements by its progressive men must ne- cessarily contain the names and deeds of many who have only performed, with cheerfulness and fidelity, and without ostentation or claim of merit, the daily duties of life, found ever at hand, which are small in their individual magnitude, but mighty in their aggregate importance. Among the men of this class in Wyoming, must be named J. W. Agee of Bighorn county, living two and one-half miles east of Burlington, on a fine ranch of 640 acres, which he has redeemed from the waste and made attractive in appearance, com- fortable as a home and prolific in fertility, by his energy and skill, paying, by his long years of systematic effort in labor and faith, the price of a good estate and now enjoying its fruits, in the possession of a stock and farming business of considerable extent and giving profitable returns. Mr. Agee first saw the light of this world on September 14, 1867, in Nebraska, whither his parents. Dr. James W. and Eliza M. (Hurst) Agee, moved, in 1864, from Missouri, where the mother was born and reared, the father being a native of Tennessee. They located at Valley in Douglas county, and there the father still lives, actively engaged in the practice of his profession. His wife died in 1902 and was laid to rest in the soil of her adopted state. In his native place PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 737 their son, John W. Agee, grew to manhood, re- ceived his education, and, after leaving school, engaged in farming until 1893, when he came to Wyoming and cast in his lot with her people, lo- cating in the Bighorn basin, and, falling in with the prevailing industry of that region, he took up a homestead in the neighborhood of Burling- ton, subsequently increasing his holding by pur- chase until he now owns a full section of as good land as can be found in this part of the state. This he has brought to a high state of productive- ness, in the portions of it under cultivation, and here he conducts an extensive and thriving stock business, giving special attention to the produc- tion of high-grade cattle. Mr. Agee is a valued and serviceable member of the Modern Wood- men of America, but belongs to no other fraternal organization. He is, however, actively interested in the advancement of the county and of the com- munity in which he lives, giving to their affairs intelligent and helpful attention. On December 24., 1889, he was married in Nebraska to Miss C. S. Harmer, a native of that state. They have six children, Ernest, Elma, Grace, Ivan, Warren and Edna, all living at home and diligently attending school in the proper season, by their presence and cheer making the home more attractive. FELIX ALSTON. While no one, who takes into view a sufficient length of time to form a proper base of compar- ison, can fail to be gratified with the evidences of the elevation and progress of humanity, it is nevertheless a lamentable fact that the lawless element of mankind is still abundant among us and that a multitude of police and tipstaves is ne- cessary to keep the world in order. It is gratify- ing, therefore, when the functions of enforcing the law, where the peace and good order of the community are at stake, fall into the hands of an efficient and upright official, as is the fact in the case of Felix Alston, the popular deputy sheriff of Bighorn county, whose past record, as a mer- chant, public official and leading citizen in his neighborhood, gives abundant assurance of the proper and judicious discharge of his official du- ties. Mr. Alston was born on December 7, 1869, in the state of Texas, where his mother also was native. His father, Philip Alston, was born and reared in Florida, and, in 1834, moved to Texas and while there was united in marriage with Miss Mary Marris. He engaged in the live- stock business and here also owned and conduct- ed a large cotton plantation, living and flourishing in the state of his adoption until his death in 1891. His widow is yet living there. In his native state Felix Alston grew to manhood and was educated, his facilities for scholastic training being furnished wholly by the public schools in the vicinity of his home. On leaving school, he at once became connected with the stock indus- try, which brought him to seek a new and more fruitful range for his cattle. Accordingly, in 1892, he came to Wyoming and established him- self on Shell Creek in Bighorn county. He soon thereafter, however, temporarily abandoned the cattle business and for three years was engaged in mining in his neighborhood. At the end of that time he came to Basin and opened a livery and feed barn, and conducted a flourishing busi- ness in this line, being soon elected justice of the peace, the first one in the town. At the end of this first term of official duty he was appointed deputy treasurer and tax collector, and in this dual capacity served the public for two years. He then moved to Lovell, carried on a general store for a time, and after selling this business, located at Irma, took up land and also opened a store at this point, also equipping himself with an outfit for the conveyance of parties of tour- ists through the romantic and picturesque coun- try, for which this part of the state is so famed. All these lines of activity have prospered in his hands, and he has accumulations of property of value, not only in Basin but in various other places. In 1903 he was appointed deputy sheriff of the county, and discharged his duties with fidelity and courage, duly observing the rights, of individual citizens, while protecting the interests of the community. Of the fraternal societies, so numerous and esteemed among men, he has affiliation with but one, the Modern Woodmen of America, but takes a warm and active interest 738 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. in the affairs of that order. In 1889 he was united in marriage with Miss Mamie A. Payne, a native of Seward, Neb. They have two chil- dren, the eldest being named Unis. WILLIAM M. REYNOLDS. A leading and progressive stockman of Con- verse county, William M. Reynolds, whose resi- dence is at the city of Lusk, Wyoming, is a na- tive of Kansas, having been born in that state on October 17, 1861, the son of Thomas and Eliza- beth (Massey) Reynolds, natives of Illinois and Missouri. His paternal grandfather, also named Thomas, was a native of Scotland, and one of the earliest settlers and pioneers of Illinois where he resided at the time of the organization of the territory, and he received the appointment as the first territorial governor, a position which he held for a considerable time with distin- guished honor. Subsequently he removed to Kansas, continued in his former business of farming and stockraising and remained there until his death. The father of Wm. Reynolds made his home in Kansas during his entire life, except a short time in 1864, when he crossed the plains to California, being extensively engaged in farming and stockraising operations and he also was a successful and representative man of his state and the father of seven children. Wil- liam M. Reynolds grew to manhood in his na- tive state and received his education in the pub- lic schools. When he had attained the age of fifteen years his desire to make his own way in the world induced him to leave school and go to Texas in pursuit of fortune. Here he remained for about one year and then went to Nebraska, where in company with John Sharp, he located near the later site of Fort Niobrara. They re- mained here during the winter of 1878-9 and in the spring he came to Wyoming, mak- ing his headquarters in the southern part of the territory. The following year he passed in the vicinity of Cheyenne, employed in riding the range, thus acquiring- a practical knowledge of the cattle business. The next year he came to the site of the city of Lusk, and secured employ- ment with the Western Live Stock Co., and re- mained with them for about two years. He then resigned his position to engage in business for himself and located a ranch at the head of Rawhide Creek, about sixteen miles south of Lusk. In the fall of 1885 he sold his interests there, and went to Kansas, purchased cattle which he brought back to Wyoming and located on Rawhide Creek, near the present location of Patrick postoffice and here he remained for about eight years in the cattle business, and was successful,, then, disposing of his ranch, he pur- chased the Newton meadow ranch about one and one-half miles south of Lusk. He has re- mained here since that time and is one of the most prosperous and successful ranch and stock- men in that section. His favorite breed of cat- tle is the Hereford, and he is the owner of a large herd, among them being some of the finest animals in the state. He is also interested in horses, having a considerable number of the best grades of Clydesdales and Percherons. -A view of his fine ranch, with the stock ranging on it, is one of the most attractive sights of Con- verse county. He is the owner of 4,000 acres of land, a great deal of which is under irriga- tion, and he grows many hundreds of tons of hay. On November 24, 1881, Mr. Reynolds was united in marriage with Miss Elizabeth Goodwin, a daughter of O. P. Goodwin, a highly respected citizen of Lusk, Wyo. To their union have been born four children, Lewis, George, Nomie and Russell. The home of Mr. Reynolds is well known for its generous hospitality and the fam- ily is held in high regard. Fraternally, Mr. Rey- nolds is affiliated with the Masonic order as a Knight Templar and as a Thirty-second degree Mason of the Scottish Rite. He also belongs to the AVoodmen of the World and takes an active interest in the fraternal and social life of the community. He is one of the solid business men and property owners of Converse county, and is respected for his many sterling qualities by a large circle of friends and acquaintances. When the historian of the future traces the name of the men of the pioneer period, he will surely number Mr. Reynolds anion"' them. L^ foM (flj-y^^^ PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 739 EUGENE ALEXANDER. This prominent stockman and progressive cit- izen of the New Fork country of Uinta county, Wyoming, was born in Onondaga county, New York, on February 5, 1844, where his parents, William and Maria (Ives) Alexander, were born and reared, and after long lives of usefulness were laid to rest amid the scenes they loved and the institutions they had improved by their la- bors and their influence for good. The father was a man of prominence in local affairs, serv- ing two terms as sheriff of the county, and being active and potential in all matters contributing to the welfare of the community. His wife died in 1 86 1, aged sixty- four years, and he in 1862, aged sixty-five, both being of old Colonial stock and English ancestry. Their son, Eugene, was the eleventh of their twelve children, of whom eight are still living. He was educated in the schools of his native county, thereafter engaging in driving stage between Fort Kearney and Albia- ville for the Holliday Overland Stage Line for two years. In 1866 he went to Yankton, S. D., and was employed by the U. S. government in freighting, and in other capacities, for about three years and during this time he built a government warehouse above Fort Sully on Ash Bend at the mouth of the Cheyenne River. At the end of his government service he settled on a ranch on the Missouri River, ten miles west from Yankton, and remained there until the spring of 1880, then going to the Niobrara country where he ranched for four years. He then sold his ranch and re- moved to Bear Lake, Idaho, with his cattle, win- tering there two years. In 1888 he came to Wyo- ming and located on the ranch which is now, and has since been, his home, and which consists of 240 acres. Here he and his family own land ly- ing four miles in extent along the creek, a tract of about 720 acres, the most of which is fine meadow, furnishing excellent grazing for their cattle. They have all the land under fence and well improved, making it show in every feature their enterprising and progressive spirit, and tributary in all respects to the support of their herds of superior cattle and horses. Mr. Alex- 46 ander was married, at Yankton, S. D., on June 6, 1867, to Miss Nancy Butler,, a native of Arm- strong county, Pa., and a daughter of John and Elizabeth (Replinger) Butler, also natives of that state, descendants of old New Jersey Colon- ial families of English ancestry. Mrs. Alexander was made postmistress of the office which bears their name when it was established in 1900. They have five children, Charlotte, married to James Redmond "of Montpelier, Idaho ; Frank ; Eugene E., living at Fort Washakie ; Charles C. ; William J. The sons are much sought for as guides for hunting parties, being well trained for the busi- ness and having a thorough and accurate knowl- edge of the country. LARS ANDERSON. Among the successful men of foreign birth who have passed away, but whose worthy lives have left a permanent impress upon the institu- tions of their adopted state, is Lars Anderson, formerly a resident of Salem, Wyoming, who, a native of Sweden, was born on July 1, 1837, the son of Andrew and Kate Anderson, both natives of that country. The father followed the occu- pation of farming in his native country, and was engaged in that pursuit up to the time of his de- cease. The subject of this sketch grew to man- hood in his native country of Sweden, and fol- lowed there the same occupation which had en- gaged the attention of his father before him, up to 1882. In that year he determined to go to the New World beyond the Atlantic, reports of which had come to his neighborhood in Swe- den, in the hope of there bettering his condition, and there establishing a more comfortable home for his growing family. He therefore disposed of his household goods, and, gathering his fam- ily about him, bade farewell to the home of his childhood and early manhood, and took ship for America. Upon arriving here he proceeded first to the state of Nebraska and established his home at Wahor, in that state. Here he purchased land and entered at once upon the business of farming and stockraising. He there followed that occupation, with varying success, until li 74° PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. when he disposed of his farm, stock, and other property in Nebraska, and removed his residence to the territory of Wyoming. Upon arriving here he at once located his present ranch, which is situated about fifteen miles northwest of the present city of Pine Bluffs, and engaged in cat- tleraising and general ranching. In this venture he met with conspicuous success, and continu- ally adding to his herds and increasing his prop- erty holdings from year to year up to the time of his death, which occurred on July 3, 1899. He is buried at Salem, in the state of Wyoming. On September 17, 1870, in his native land of Sweden, Mr. Anderson was joined in matrimony with Miss Kate Larsdotter, a native of Sweden, whose parents were well-known and respected residents of that country. Four children were born unto them, Nathalia, John, Gustavus and Charles, all of whom are still living. The family are mem- bers of the Lutheran church, taking an active in- terest in all matters affecting the welfare of the church or the work of charity and religion in the community where they now maintain their home. Since the death of the father, who, by reason of" his industry, sobriety and sterling worth as a man and a citizen, had the respect of all who knew him, the sons have carried on the business on the lines laid down by the father during his life. They have met with marked success in their management of the business, and have steadily increased it from year to year, as their father had done before them. They have a fine ranch, well fenced and improved, with about seventy- five acres of land under cultivation, with large areas of good meadow land, and a handsome bunch of cattle. The sons are worthy successors of their father and are sure, by their industry, frugality and good citizenship, to become leading factors in the business and social community in which their home is located. All of the brothers are actively interested in the management of the cattle and ranch property, but the lead in most matters affecting the joint business is conceded to Gustavus, who is a man of safe and conserva- tive judgment, noted also for his enterprise. Tt is a pleasant sight to witness such energetic peo- ple laboring together in an amicable harmony. O. FRED ANDERSON. The building up of civilization and the devel- opment of the immense industrial enterprises of the great West has been accomplished by the bravest and most energetic sons of many widely differing nationalities. Among them are those given by the Northland countries of Europe, who sent one of the best elements that could by any possibility enter into the structure of a state. And of the representative and successful men of Uinta county, Wyoming, we must now make rec- ord of one who left the shores of his native land of Sweden to create a new home in the new lands of the far West, where opportunities are ever open to such industry, energy and perseverance as have been here displayed by O. Fred Ander- son, now the owner of a fine estate of 320 acres of rich bottom land on Ham's Fork, seven miles west of the active little city of Granger. Mr. Anderson was born on October 1, 1869, at Os- karshamm in Sweden, a son of Andrew and Gustava (Wolf) Oleson, his father being an in- dustrious and skillful ship-carpenter, while his mother was the daughter of a gallant old soldier. His father, who was born on March 14, 1833, was the son of Olaf F. Oleson. Of the nine children of Andrew Oleson six are now living, our subject being the only one residing in the United States. After attending the excellent Swedish schools until he was eighteen years old, the young man courageously took up his journey of thousands of miles to a country where every- thing was unknown, but which was pictured in his imagination as a land of glorious possibilities to the diligent and deserving worker, and this hope sustained him in his departure from home and the dear home ties, buoying him up to meet the future with a bold and fearless heart. His first location in America was the great city of Chicago, where he became connected with rail- roading, which he continued in Kansas for a year, then, returning eastward, he was employed in the lumber woods of Michigan for four years, thereafter coming to Colorado and being identi- fied with railroading for two years, in all of these vocations giving honest service and looking well PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 741 to the interests of his employer. Still following railroading, he came to Wyoming in 1894 and was employed on the railroad at Green River for two more years. Frugal, saving and eco- nomical, as well as energetic and industrious, by this time his savings gave him thought of mak- ing a home and an estate of his own, and, in 1896, he located on the land where he now resides and engaged in ranching and in cattleraising. His estate comprises 160 acres of excellent bottom land and here he is prosperously running fine herds of cattle, showing great discrimination and care in his operations, and being considered one of the representative stockmen of this section of the state. In all matters of public interest and improvement Mr. Anderson takes a leading part, being a generous contributor to private as well as to public benefactions. Politically, Mr. An- derson gives stalwart support to the Republican party, being interested in its various campaigns, while fraternally, he is identified with the Imp- proved Order of Red Men as a member of Ute Tribe, No. 6, at Green River. On May 14, 1896, Mr. Anderson was joined in matrimony at Green River, Wyo., with Mrs. Josephine E. Johnson, the widow of Paul Johnson, one of . the best known of the old-timers of this section and who died on January 14, 1895. She was born in Norway on February 27, 1865, the daughter of Hans and Gustava A. Paulson, natives and resi- dents of Christiana, Norway, where her father died at the age of fifty-four years and her mother is still living at sixty-four years. She was the second of the nine children in the family and is now the sole survivor. She emigrated from Eu- rope in 1885, the same year coming to Wyo- ming, where occurred her first marriage, Mr. Johnson being a native of Copenhagen, Den- mark, born on April 25, 1849, and he was a resi- dent of Wyoming from 1870, extensively engaged in the stock business. There are two children of the first marriage, Edgar P., born in Granger, Wyo., on June 7, 1887, and Annie L. Johnson, also born in Granger, on September 10, 1889. to the interests of his employer. Still following also born in Granger, on September 10, 1889. These children possess many of the leading char- acteristics of their parents. THOMAS J. ANDERSON. The career of the gentleman whose name ap- pears above most happily illustrates what may be attained by faithful and continued effort in carrying out honest purposes. It is the simple story of a man unknown to fame, as the world estimates greatness, but, measured by the true standard of excellence, his life abounds in much that is admirable, in that he has always endeav- ored to do the right and to live in harmony with his ideal of duty. Thomas J. Anderson was born in 1858, and claims Leavenworth county, Kan- sas, as the place of his nativity. Caswell Ander- son, his father, was born in Tennessee in 181 8 and followed blacksmithing for his life work. When he moved to Kansas the elder Anderson carried on farming in connection with his trade, and after living in that state for several years, changed his abode to Benton county, Arkansas. There he also combined blacksmithing with farm- ing until his death in 1886. The maiden name of the mother was Elizabeth Davis ; she was both born and married in Tennessee, departing this life in Kansas when Thomas J. was a small child. Thomas J. Anderson was young when his fa- ther migrated to Arkansas, and his early life was spent on a farm in that state. The public schools afforded him the means of acquiring a practical knowledge of the fundamental branches of study, and, at the age of eighteen, he left home to make his own way in the world. After following agri- culture for two or three years in his adopted county, he went to Texas, where, for a period of three years, he followed agriculture with vary- ing success, thence returning to Arkansas. Re- maining one year there, Mr. Anderson went to Kansas and engaged in lead mining, which busi- ness received his attention until the spring of '1884, when he came to Wyoming, and stopped for a short time on Twin Creek, subsequently removing to his present place near Fontenelle, Uinta county. Mr. Anderson owns 320 acres of land lying forty miles north of Kemmerer, which he has stocked with a fine lot of cattle, building up a prosperous business as a stockman, also earning the reputation of being an enterprising and public spirited citizen. While not as exten- 742 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. sively engaged in cattleraising as some of his neighbors, he has yet met with encouraging suc- cess, his investments proving fortunate and his real-estate steadily increasing in value. He keeps in touch with everything connected with the cattle business, is a close and intelligent observer, by his sound judgment and prudent management, as well as by determined perseverance, overcoming many obstacles in the pathway of his success, and he is now on the well-defined high road to pros- perity, fame and fortune. Mr. Anderson pos- sesses the rare faculty of binding friends to him as with bonds of steel, and is exceedingly popu- lar among those with whom he mingles, and he ever manifests a lively concern in the material and intellectual advancement of the community of which he is an honored resident. His tastes and inclinations naturally fit him for the inde- pendent life he now leads, and, with his fortune bound up in the West, he will, in all probability, make this part of the country his permanent place of abode. In 1882 Mr. Anderson chose a life partner in Miss Isabella Robinson, a daughter of James and Mary E. Robinson, the union resulting in the birth of five children, Fred, Pearl, Allie, Abbie and Thomas. The father of Mrs. Ander- son was a native of Tennessee and by trade a tanner. He moved to Arkansas a number of years ago and died in that state in 1861. Mrs. Anderson was born and reared in Arkansas and there lived until her removal to Wyoming. MRS. MARY. J. ANDERSON. This public spirited and accomplished lady is fully a product of the farther West, owing to that favored section, on which the perpetual smile of a beneficent Providence seems to rest, all that she has and is, for she was born at Provo, Utah, a daughter of George W. and Elizabeth (Wors- ley) Haws, natives respectively of Illinois and Missouri, who came to Utah in its ver)' early history, bringing to their new home a resolute- ness of spirit and readiness for every emergency born of their former pioneer life, and by service on his part of the father in the noted Black Hawk War, being a man of fine public spirit and abounding enterprise, now living in Idaho, where his wife passed over to the activities which know no weariness at the age of forty-six years, leav- ing twelve children, eight of whom are living. Mrs. Anderson was educated in the public schools of Utah and at the Brigham Young Academy in Provo. On November 24, 1886, she was united in marriage with J. C. Anderson, also a native of Utah, son of John and Carrie Anderson, emi- grants from Denmark, the land of Hamlet and the bold and conquering Norsemen, having been born and reared in Copenhagen. She and her husband were engaged in farming in Idaho for nine years, in 1895 they came to the Jackson Hole country of Wyoming, and located on a place in Spring Gulch, which now consists of 200 acres, and is as fine a body of land of that extent as can be found anywhere. By their thrift and in- dustry it has been highly improved, tastefully adorned by their art and esthetic spirit, and made fruitful as a garden by their skillful husbandry. On this farm they conducted a thriving stock- raising industry with careful management until the autumn of 1901, when they purchased the property on which they now live, and built on it a commodious brick house, which is at this time not only the postoffice but the only hotel in Jack- son. Mrs. Anderson gives personal attention to these two lines of activity, having been post- mistress of the town since 1900, having conduct- ed the hotel since its opening. Mr. Anderson, true to his native instinct for outdoor life, acts as guide to parties hunting in the reserve. Three children are in the home, Oliver. Mark. Myrtle. HIRAM A. ANDREWS. A prominent and successful stockman of Laramie county, in the state of Wyoming, is Hiram A. Andrews, of Davis' Ranch, who was born on December 3, 1862, a native of Iowa, and the son of William and Mary Andrews, residents of that state, where his father followed the busi- ness of farming until the time of the outbreak of the Civil War, when he enlisted as a member of an Iowa regiment and was killed in battle. Thereafter Hiram A. Andrews made his home PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 743 with the parents of his mother in the county of Jefferson, in the state of Nebraska, there grew to manhood and there received his education in the public schools. In 1881, having an ambition to make his own way in the world, he left his home in Jefferson county, and removed to the county of Merrick, in the same state. Here he secured employment on a farm and, soon after, he en- gaged in the business of farming on his own account. He continued there, following that oc- cupation until 1888, when he disposed of his prop- erty in Merrick county and removed his family to the territory of Wyoming, secured a position on a cattle ranch, where he remained for about one year, and then accepted a position as foreman of the L. C. ranch of the Snow Cattle Co., situated on Horse Creek, Wyo. He continued in the man- agement of this property up to 1893, when he resigned for the purpose of engaging in business for himself, and removed to the place known as the Stone ranch, where he has since resided, engaged in the business of raising cattle and horses. He is also the owner of 1400 acres of land adjoining this ranch, upon which is located one of the finest sandstone quarries in Wyoming, and since 1897 he has been carrying on a highly successful and profitable business in the selling of sandstone for building purposes. On July 15, 1883, Mr. Andrews was married, in Merrick county, Neb., to Miss Celia Trout, a native of Ohio, and the daughter of John and Lettie (Black) Trout, the former a native of Pennsyl- vania and the latter of Ohio. Her parents were among the earliest of the pioneers of Merrick county, and for many years were engaged in the business of farming and stockraising in that sec- tion, the mother passing away in 1896. Subse- quently to her death the father disposed of his interests in Nebraska, and removed his residence to Wyoming, where he now makes his home in the city of Cheyenne. Fraternally, Mr. Andrews is affiliated with the Woodmen of the World, being a member of the lodge at Cheyenne, and politically, he is a stanch member of the Republi- can party, and takes an active interest in public affairs, believing it to be the duty of every citi- zen to see that the public business is conducted in an honest and patriotic manner. He has never sought or desired preferment at the hands of his party, but gives his undivided attention to the management of his business affairs, in which he has met with conspicuous success. He is a capa- ble and enterprising business man, clear of judg- ment, direct in his purposes and successful in his methods. He has varied business interests, but his sandstone quarry is the one which promises to make him one of the wealthy men of his sec- tion of the state of Wyoming. D. ELMER ANKENY. The representative citizen of whom we now write occupies a position in the front rank of Wyoming's successful stockmen, and, as a citizen, he has long enjoyed distinctive precedence in the various localities where his lot has been cast. His business qualifications, of a high order, have won him recognition among his fellow men and all with whom he has had relations, business, frater- nal or otherwise, have been quick to recognize his merit and to appreciate his true worth as an enterprising, energetic man of affairs. D. Elmer Ankeny is a native of Ohio, the son of Alexan- der and Nancy Ankeny, the father born in Penn- sylvania and the mother in the Buckeye state. By occupation Alexander Ankeny was a black- smith. He was married in Randolph county, Ohio, and lived there until 1856, when he mi- grated to Iowa, locating at the town of Marietta, where he worked at his trade until his death in 1861. His son, D. Elmer, was born in the county of Randolph on July 20, 1855, but spent his child- hood and youth in Iowa, whither he was taken when about one year old. He was a lad of only about eleven years when his father died, and, being the eldest of the children, was early obliged to contribute to the support of the family. He worked at any kind of honorable employment that his hands found to do and turned over his earnings to his mother, thus proving a valuable help to her while she was rearing her younger children. Meanwhile he attended at intervals the schools of Marietta and later pursued his studies as opportunities afforded at Marshalltown, devot- 744 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. ing the spring and summer seasons to farm labor until his nineteenth year, when, in the spring of 1875, he went to Colorado and for some months thereafter worked on a ranch near Fort Collins. Believing that money could be made in the stock business, and not caring longer to remain an em- ploye, he purchased a few cattle and branched out as a stockman upon his own responsibility. Beginning in a modest way he soon succeeded in greatly increasing his business and in due time found himself on the high road to success. He located a ranch in Larimer county, about forty miles west of Fort Collins, and remained there until 1895, when he sold and came to Wyoming, purchasing his present ranch on Sybylle Creek, eighteen miles southwest of Wheatland, in the county of Laramie. Since the latter year Mr. Ankeny has been busily engaged in raising cattle and horses, building up a large and lucrative business, and, as already stated, he has won a con- spicuous place among the leading ranchmen of this section of the state. He owns a valuable tract of grazing land, embracing several hundred acres, which is well-watered and covered with a dense growth of the nutritious grasses for which the rich valleys of Laramie county are especially noted. On this range he keeps large herds of cattle, which, like the fine horses in his posses- sion, are in prime condition, his live stock repre- senting a fortune of no small magnitude. He is widely known among the enterprising cattlerais- ers of Laramie county, and is one of the leaders of the rich industry in his section of the country. Mr. Ankeny was married at Fort Collins, Colo., on March .11, 1877, to Myra Harris, a daughter of Joseph and Sarah (Adams) Harris, the par- ents moving to Colorado from Iowa about 1871. Mr. Harris farmed near Greeley for a number of years, subsequently moving to Wyoming, where he did not long remain, returning to Colo- rado after a few months and settling at Fort Col- lins, where his death occurred in 1893. Mrs. Har- ris preceded her husband to the "Silent Land," departing this life on March 19, 1892. Mr. and Mrs. Ankery have five children. Carroll, John, Aubrey, Iva and Floyd. Mr. Ankery takes a deep interest in everything pertaining to the in- dustrial development and general welfare of the county and state of his adoption, and is deserv- edly classed with its most progressive men. Prac- tical industry, wisely and vigorously pursued, and sound judgment in matters of business, have brought their reward in the liberal amount of this world's goods which he now possesses. He is a creditable representative of a class of men to whom, more than to any other, is due the con- tinued growth and prosperity of the West. In every relation of life he has lived up to his con- ception of right, proving himself an honorable, upright and progressive member of the common- wealth in which he exercises citizenship. BOYD M. FYE. The junior member of the well-known cattle firm of Fye Brothers, the progressive young ranch and stockmen of Laramie county, is the subject of this sketch, Boyd M. Fye, whose post- office address is Hecla, Wyoming. A native of the state of Illinois, he was born in Jo Daviess county, on May 12/ 1877. His father was en- gaged in the occupation of farming in Illinois, and disposed of his property in that state, and removed with his family to the state of Wyoming in the year 1890. The subject of this imperfect sketch grew to man's estate in the state of Wyo- ming, having passed his childhood days in Jo Daviess county, Illinois. In the latter state he attended the public schools in the vicinity of his home, chiefly at the town of Orangeville. near the city of Freeport, and there acquired such ed- ucation as his limited opportunities permitted. Upon arriving in the state of Wyoming he contin- ued his attendances the public schools until he had arrived at the age of sixteen years, when he left school and began work for his father on the home ranch, situated on the North Laramie River. He remained in this employment for a period of five years and acquired a thorough and a practical knowledge of the business of raising cattle and of general ranching. Upon arriving at the age of twenty-one years, he secured em- ployment from several outfits, who were handling cattle in Laramie county, and was not long in PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 745 becoming to be known as one of the most capable men ever engaged in that occupation in that vi- cinity. He remained in this pursuit, saving his earnings and preparing himself for a future busi- ness on his own account to be taken up as soon as opportunity presented itself. In 1900 he en- tered into a partnership agreement with his broth- er, Arthur H. Fye, and they secured a lease on the well-known property, extensively called the Gilchrist cattle ranch, situated on Middle Crow Creek, about seventeen miles west of the city of Cheyenne, Wyo., and there engaged in the cattle business. During the short time they have been operating in this locality they have shown them- selves possessed of the requisite qualities which assure success in any calling, ability, persever- ance and industry. They control about 7,500 acres of fine land, and are among the most prom- ising young stockmen in that section of Wyo- ming. Pushing, energetic, possessing good busi- ness judgment, they are certain to continue the success with which they have entered upon their chosen occupation and they are highly respected. WILLIAM ARNOLD. One of the leading hotel men of Laramie county, and one who has met with conspicuous success in business, William Arnold, of Wheat- land, Wyoming, was born in Ulster county, New York, on November 4, 1861, the son of John and Rachel (Frear) Arnold. His father followed the occupation of wheelwright at Ellenville, in Ulster county until 1874, when he disposed of his property there, and removed to the state of Kan- sas, where he established his home in Pawnee county, engaged in farming and continued in that pursuit up to the time of his death, which occurred in 1899. He was buried in the city of Larned, Kan. The mother had passed away in 1865 while residing in New York, and was bur- ied at Ellenville, in that state. William Arnold accompanied his father from New York to Kan- sas, grew to manhood in the latter state, re- ceived his education in the public schools in Pawnee county and after he had completed his education remained with his father, assisting in the work and management of the farm until he had attained the age of twenty-three years. In 1884 he determined to seek, his fortune in the country farther to the north, and came to the then territory of Wyoming. Here he secured employ- ment with the Swan Land & Cattle Co., one of the largest concerns operating in the western country, and went with one of their roundup out- fits as a cook. He remained with this company about ten years, and witnessed, and was some- times a participant in, some exciting experiences on the frontier. During this time he traveled over the greater portion of Wyoming and Ne- braska, seeing nearly every phase of western life, both savage and civilized. In 1895 he resigned his position with this company to engage in busi- ness for himself, and, coming to Wheatland, Wyo., he erected a building opposite the railroad station at that place and engaged in the restau- rant business. He continued with success in this occupation until 1897, when he purchased the Globe Hotel, which he now owns and conducts, and then disposed of his restaurant property. In this hotel venture he has prospered exceedingly, and is now the owner of the largest and best hotel in Wheatland, doing a large and profitable busi- ness. He is one of the most popular and success- ful landlords in the state, and, in order to ac- commodate his growing patronage, has recently had plans drawn for an extensive addition to his hotel. By his energy, perseverance and enter- prise he has built up a large and constantly grow- ing business, and is one of the representative bus- iness men of Laramie counjty. Foremost in every public enterprise, an enthusiastic advocate of ev- ery measure calculated to promote the general welfare, he is one of the most valued citizens of the community. On January 3, 1895, Mr. Ar- nold was united in marriage, at Cheyenne, Wyo., to Miss Zelnora Carmichael, a native of Nebras- ka, and the daughter of William H. and Jane (Bowen) Carmichael, the former a native of Ohio, and the latter of Iowa. Her father came in early life from his native state to Nebraska, where he engaged in farming during the territor- ial days of that state. In 1859 he disposed of his property in Nebraska, went across the plains to 746 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. California and there engaged in mining for a number of years. In 1870 he disposed of the property he had acquired in California and re- turned to' Nebraska, where he again followed the occupation of farming until 1890, when he removed his residence to Wyoming, settled on the Laramie River, and engaged in the business of raising cattle up to the time of his death, which occurred in May, 1900. The mother is still re- siding upon the ranch on Laramie River, continu- ing the business of cattleraising which her hus- band established. Mr. and Mrs. Arnold have four children, Eunice L., Cecil, Harry H. and William, all of whom are living. The family are members of the Congregational church, held in the highest esteem. Mr. Arnold is affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and with the Woodmen of the World, being a member of the lodges at Wheatland, Wyo. He is a stanch member of the Republican party, and an earnest advocate of the principles of that political organ- ization. He has often been solicited by his partv friends and associates to become a candidate for positions of trust and honor, but has invariably declined to do so, preferring to give his entire time and attention to the care and management of his private business interests. He is one of the most progressive and enterprising citizens of his section of the state and is deservedly popular. RUSSELL H. AUSTIN. For many men, who are properly attuned to its harmonies, the wilderness, rough, harsh and inexorable as it may seem to others, has charms more potent than all the blandishments of culti- vated society, and often he on whom it has cast its magic finds no heart to dissolve the spell, re- maining in the midst of its untamed and untu- tored attractions for all of the balance of his life, dwelling in the closest presence of Nature, wide- awake to her voice of melody and power, deeply touched by her ennobling influences, which pene- trate and mold the heart. This has been the ex- perience of Russell H. Austin, now one of the extensive and prominent farmers and stockmen on Shell Creek, in Bighorn county, Wyoming, of which he is one of the most esteemed citizens. For more than half a century he has been a resi- dent of Wyoming, being one of the first white men to pitch his tent on her fertile soil, here to dream of the future empire of industrial, com- mercial and political wealth and power thereon to be erected. He was born in 1830, in Michigan, then but a part of the far frontier, yet yielding so rapidly to the army of occupation and indus- trial conquest, that had camped upon her soil, that she was already moving with confidence to wards the large dignity and consequence of state- hood in the great American Union. His parents were* William and Hannah (Hoag) Austin, na- tive respectively in Connecticut and Ohio. In 1848, when he was but eighteen, he enlisted in the Sixth Infantry, U. S. A., was sent to the Jef- ferson barracks at St. Louis, where he was taken ill, and, for the benefit of his health, was trans- ferred to Fort Snelling, Minn., where he re- mained for two years. In 1850 he aided to build Fort Dodge in Iowa, then located in the primeval wilderness, but now a thriving and busy little city, with hundreds of happy homes and striding forward in the race for commercial and social advancement. The nearest house to the fort at the time of its erection was "twenty miles away" and all of the conditions of life were primitive in the extreme. In 1852 Mr. Austin came to Wyo- ming, being stationed with his command at Fort Laramie, and, there, in 1853, he was discharged from the army, his term of service having ex- pired. For two years thereafter he was engaged in trapping and prospecting on Powder River, and then he went, in search of other opportuni- ties, to Denver, Colo., which, at that time, con- sisted of six uncomely shanties. He remained in that neighborhood, prospecting and hunting until 1862, when he joined a foot party traveling with pack outfits on their way to Bannock. Mont. From Bannock he went with the first stampede to Alder Gulch and mined there for a year, after which he hunted and prospected until 1866. About this time the neighborhood of Salmon City, Idaho, attracted the attention of the mining world by its golden music, and he went thither on a prospecting tour. The next year he again PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 747 came to Wyoming, locating in the vicinity of South Pass, and once more engaged in mining. In 1868 he removed to the neighborhood of the site of Lander, and on ground on which a portion of the city now stands, he raised pota- toes, which he sold to the miners at twenty-five cents a pound. Here he also conducted a dairy, selling his butter at one dollar a pound, and find- ing himself unable to supply the demand. In 1872 he located temporarily on Snake River in the southern part of the state, and in 1873 drove his cattle to a convenient market and sold them. Then he went to Kansas, purchased 200 fine cat- tle and brought them to Rawlins, where he en- gaged actively in the stock industry until 1881. In that year he purchased the old Fort Halleck ranch and made that his home for a number of years thereafter. In 1882 he bought $15,000 worth of cattle and lost them all in one season. For three years following this disaster he tempted fortune in various ways, in 1885 moving to Raw- lins, where he lived two years, then, in 1887, he settled on the homestead near the present town of Shell, which is still his home, and which he has transformed into a beautiful and highly cultivat- ed farm, yielding generously to the faith of the husbandman, rewarding his toil with every prod- uct suited to its climate and the nature of the soil. He has good buildings and a full comple- ment of the best farm machinery, and other ne- cessary appliances, and has reared with care, and brought to vigorous fruitfulness, a fine or- chard, one of the first to blossom and fling its bounty into the hands of man in this part of the country. Mr. Austin belongs to the Ma- sonic order, and has for years been prominent in its membership. He married in Iowa, in 1879, Mrs. Lydia P. Sweney, a native of Ohio and the widow of Grigg Sweney. She has three children by her former husband, Grace, Robert and Har- ry K. Sweney, and of the two sons extended men- tion is made on other pages of this work. During his long residence of fifty-one years in Wyo- ming, Mr. Austin has so borne himself, in all the relations of life, as to win and keep the re- spect of his fellow men, and has never been known to lag or be backward in support of any enterprise that promised well for the community in which he lived. While a genuine frontiers- man and warmly attached to the life of the pio- neer, he has never been oblivious of the advant- ages of civilization, nor slow in aiding to procure them, being in all respects a live, active and pro- gressive citizen of a progressive state. ROBERT A. BALDWIN. Robert A. Baldwin, prominent as a farmer and stockman and serviceable to the community as an attorney at law, came to Wyoming in 1892. He was born at Keokuk, Iowa, on February 4, 1864, of parents who were natives of Ohio, J. A", and Emeline (Beardsley) Baldwin. While he was yet a child, his parents removed with their family to Fillmore county, Neb., where he grew to manhood and was educated. After leaving school, he was engaged in teaching for a time and during his work in this line he studied law. In 1889 he was admitted to practice, and, a year later, removed to Scott's Bluff county and was employed as principal of the Gering schools, re- maining there in that capacity two years. He then, in 1892, came to Wyoming, and, select- ing Bighorn county as his permanent home, he located on the land which he now owns and occu- pies, taking up a homestead as the nucleus of his splendid ranch of 640 acres. To the improve- ment of this he has sedulously devoted himself, and has brought it to a fine state of development, equipped it with good buildings and fences and adorned it with shrubbery artistically disposed. His herd consists of 250 fine cattle, to whose care he gives the most continual and skillful at- tention, and their condition shows the benefit of the effort. He is also one of the most extensive growers of hogs in the county, dealing in this branch of the stock industry on a scale of great magnitude. In the political affairs of the county, Mr. Baldwin takes an active and potent interest, being always found in the van of his party's ef- forts for supremacy. He is an ardent Republican, from the beginning of his residence in the county being prominent and influential in the councils of that political organization. He served as the 74 8 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. chairman of its first county convention in Bighorn county, and has many times since been useful in stations of prominence in its work. In Fill- more county, Neb., on August 7, 1895, he was united in marriage with Miss Lona A. Dams, a native of Illinois. They have one child, their graceful daughter, Ruth R. Baldwin. ALBERT O. BANKS. Born in the busy, and progressive province of Nova Scotia, Canada, there reared to the age of seventeen, then left an orphan and thrown on his own resources by the death of his father, well lias Albert O. Banks, of Crook county, Wy- oming, one of the prominent and enterprising ranchmen of his section, justified the hopes of his friends in his childhood by carving out of hard conditions a fortune of comeliness and graceful proportions. His life began on February 14, 1858, in the rural home of his parents, Joseph and Dorothy (Payson) Banks, residents of Nova Scotia and highly esteemed farmers. In 1875 his father died and was buried in his native soil, while his mother, a native of St. Johns, still re- sides in Nova Scotia. Albert O. Banks was educated in his native land and remained at home for a few years after the death of his father, working on farms in the neighborhood, when not engaged on that of his mother. In 1879 ne ^ft ' home and coming to Massachusetts worked on farms in that state for a period of five years. In 1884 he turned his face to the great and grow- ing West, and made his way to Fort Collins, Colo., where he remained a few months, at the end of which he came on to Wyoming and took up the ranch he now occupies, located about ten miles southeast of Sundance. For a few years after lus settling here he worked at times in the timber at lumbering, but, since getting his ranch industry well started, he has sedulously devoted his time and energies to that, and has' won, by diligence and close attention to business, a grat- ifying success and he has risen to a desirable place in the regard and esteem of his fellow men. He owns 560 acres of land, has a large leased tract, and lias improved his possessions with good buildings, fences, etc., and brought them to a high state of cultivation by skillful farming. His principal industry is raising cattle, but he also does farming on a scale of some magnitude and by methods that embrace all that is known to the intelligent and progressive tiller of the soil. On November 15, 1894, Mr. Banks was married to Miss Jennie Hawkins at Sundance. Mrs. Banks is a native of England, but for years she has been a resident of Wyoming. They have two chil- dren, Claud R. and Earl. Mr. Banks is an act- ive and zealous Republican, seeking always the welfare of his party and its proper guidance along the lines of safe and healthful progress, but not desiring for himself any of its honors. IRA S. BAWKER. With the love of nature that distinguishes the true husbandman, Ira S. Bawker, of Inyankara, Wyoming, has turned his back upon the allure- ments of mercantile life, for which he was spec- ially prepared, devoting himself to the peaceful and productive pursuits of agriculture, in which the man of industry and thrift sees the fruits of his labor blooming and ripening around him, refreshing the landscape with their beauty and gladdening the heart with the promise of sub- stantial comfort. Mr. Bawker is a native of Jo Daviess county, 111., where he was born on July 12, 1868, the son of James T. and Catherine (Brickler) Bawker, an account of whose career is to be found elsewhere in this volume. Ira be- gan his scholastic training in the schools of Illin- ois, continued it in those of Kansas, where the family lived for a time, and completed it at Sun- dance, Wyo., after the home was established in that neighborhood. After completing the course, he returned to his native state and attended an excellent commercial college in Dixon, for the purpose of fitting himself for business. Instead of mercantile life, however, he joined the great army of agriculturists in Wyoming, working for his father on his ranch, and also on land of his own, which he took up adjacent to that of his lather. In 1895. with his father, he bought the ranch on Skull Creek, twenty-five miles north- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 749 west of Newcastle, on which he has lived since' his marriage in 1898. This he has greatly im- proved, having there built up a thriving industry in cattleraising and general farming. In the ranch there are 480 acres, and he has also con- trol of a large body of leased land. His residence is an attractive cottage, which he has built and furnished with due consideration for the comfort and pleasure of its inmates, and his cattle are housed in good sheds and fed from the capacious stacks with which the place is supplied. On Jan- uary 4, 1897, at the home of the bride's parents on . Skull Creek, Mr. Bawker was married to Miss Laura J. Holwell, a native of Nova Scotia, and a daughter of William and Margaret E. (Beaglehole) Holwell. Her father was born in England and her mother in New Jersey. Mr. Holwell came west' in 1878, locating a little la- ter, in Wyoming, and taking up his residence in 1 88 1 on Skull Creek, where his family joined him in 1883, and is one of the successful and prominent cattlemen of the section. Mr. and Mrs. Bawker have one child, Edgar I. The head of the house is a Democrat in politics, stead- fastly adhering to his party in all issues involving real government principles. JOHN F. BARNES. One of Wyoming's successful stockmen, John F. Barnes, is a native of Missouri and a son of Joseph and Jane (Bennight) Barnes, the fa- ther born in Alabama, and the mother in the same state in which their son, John, first saw the light of day. Joseph Barnes settled in Dent county. Mo., as early as 1844, and became one of the prosperous farmers of that part of the state. Af- ter remaining there until 1868, he migrated to northern Arkansas, where he spent the remain- der of his life in agricultural pursuits, dying in Sharp county in August,' 1875 ; Mrs. Barnes pre- ceded her husband to the other world, departing this life in Misouri in 1863. John F. Barnes was born on November 17, 1857, in Dent county. Mo., and, at the age of ten, he accompanied the • family to Arkansas. He was reared on the farm and spent his early life as his father's as- sistant, growing up with a strong constitution, which enabled him easily to withstand the rough usage he afterwards experienced on the range. He remained at home until he was about sixteen years old, when he severed the ties which bound him to the family fireside, and, in company with his brother, Thomas, returned to Dent county, Mo., where they there engaged in farm work. Subsequently he quit that kind of labor and found employment in the mines of Dent county, follow- ing the latter vocation until coming to Wyoming in 1883. During the six years following his ar- rival in this state, Mr. Barnes worked on differ- ent ranches near Cheyenne, meantime becoming associated with a Mr. Blackwell in the cattle bus- iness, the two taking up land in Laramie county, about twenty miles east of Fort Laramie. They stocked their place, after which Mr. Barnes re- turned to his work near Cheyenne, leaving his partner to look after their mutual interests on the ranch. Mr. Barnes continued in the em- ployment of various parties until 1889, when he returned to ' his ranch to assist in the manage- ment of the business, which had gradually grown, in magnitude and importance during the inter- vening years. Mr. Barnes and Mr. Blackwell kept up their partnership until 1894, at .which time the latter sold his interest to Mr. Barnes, who thus became sole proprietor. Since that year he has steadily continued to build up a prosper- ous business and, at the present time; he has a fine herd of cattle, which, with the ranch in his possession, represents a fortune of sufficient mag- nitude to place him in independent circumstances. Mr. Barnes is a man of enterprise, imbued with the true western spirit which seldom fails to win success. While primarily interested in his own affairs, he has not been unmindful of his duty to the community, consequently all movements for the public welfare find in him a zealous patron, and, to the extent of his ability, a liberal sup- porter. Personally, he enjoys the confidence of his fellow citizens and is popular with all parties with whom he mingles. He is a liberal provider for his family and has a comfortable home, which is the abode of a genuine western hospitality, freely dispensed to all who claim it. The mar- 75° PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. riage of Mr. Barnes and Miss Catherine Weber was solemnized near Fort Laramie on March 10, 1897. Mrs. Barnes was born in Idaho, being the daughter of John and Mary Weber, natives of Germany and early settlers of the Platte River Valley. Mr. and Mrs. Barnes have two bright children, Delia G. and Alice M., in whom are centered many hopes for the future. CLEMMER C. BELKNAP. Every civilized country on the globe and ev- ery state in the Union has contributed to popu- lating and developing the great Northwest of the United States. Among them Wisconsin, on- ly recently herself a remote frontier, has given a generous share in brain and brawn, in enter- prise and business capacity, in public spirit and progressive citizenship. It was in this western state that Clemmer C. Belknap, now one of the successful and influential stockmen of Fremont county, Wyoming, first saw the light of this world on October 27, 1865. Pie was born- at Argyle, in the southwestern part of the state, where his parents, Walter P. and Elmira J. (Seeley) Bel- knap, were successfully engaged in farming, his father being a native of Vermont and a half- brother of Com. Charles Belknap of the U. S. navy. They were sons of Moses Belknap of Vermont, a veteran of the War of 181 2, descend- ed from old Colonial stock. Walter P. Belknap died at Goldfield, Iowa, in 1881, aged seventy- four years, and his widow also died on July 4, 1889, aged seventy-two years. Their family con- sisted of ten children, seven sons and three daughters. Of these seven are yet living. Clem- mer C. Belknap was educated in the district schools of Iowa, his parents having moved into that state in his childhood, and, after leaving school he learned his trade as a telegrapher and worked at it in that state for a number of years. In 189T he took up his residence in California and there also worked at telegraphing for about two years. lie (hen lived successively in Mon- tana and Wyoming, being employed at Opal in the latter state by the Oregon Short Line Rail- road Co. for three years. In 1899, having tired ©f railroad work, he took up the ranch on which he now lives and settled upon it with the reso- lute purpose of making it his permanent home, at once beginning to improve it and to enlarge its extent. He now owns 640 acres, the most of which is fine bottom land and yields abundantly of hay, its annual output being more than 150 tons. The principal part of his crop is timothy and red top, but he also raises grain and is contin- ually increasing his acreage in this product. His place is well improved, and very desirable in loca- tion, being generally considered one of the best in the valley, and is a visible tribute to his judg- ment in selection, and to his skill and enterprise in its cultivation and management. The cattle upon his range have good pedigrees and their place in the markets is justly high and well-estab- lished. Mr. Belknap is one of the public spirited men of the section and his portion of the state owes much to his progressive and elevating citi- zenship. He belongs to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, holding membership in Lodge No. 122 at Clarion, Iowa. On January 5, 1879, in Iowa, he was married to Miss Emily Sill, a na- tive of that state and a daughter of William and Rhoda (Grey) Sill, natives of Ohio, whither their parents came from Virginia in early days, daring all of the dangers and enduring many of the privations of the most rigid pioneer life. Mr. and Mrs. Belknap have four children living, An- gie, married to Fred O. Shaeffer of Stratford, Iowa ; George Earl, Clifford Vernon and Mar- jorie. Another daughter, Blanche, died in infan- cy. The head of this house is still in the very prime of life, with all his faculties in full vigor, his aspirations proper and realizing their agree- able fruitage, and his position well established in the regard of his fellows. He may hopefullv look forward to many vears of usefulness. JAMES T. BAWKER. Born and reared in Jo Daviess county, Illin- ois, and orphaned by the death of a devoted fa- ther at the age of nine years, James T. Bawker, now of Weston county. Wyoming, has passed almost his whole life in rural pursuits and has PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 75* been dependent on himself since an early period. He first saw the light of this world on December 8, 1 84 1, and, in 1850, his father went, under the great excitement of the time, to the promising gold fields of California,- dying on his return home after a career there of varying success. His name was Ira Bawker, being a native of New York, who, as a young man, had come to the great prairie state of what was then the far West, with his bride, nee Rebecca Borthwick, also a native of the Empire state, and had there engaged in farming until the gold fever took him far from his home and family never to return alive. His widow survived his loss until 1891, and, until her death, continued the farming operations he had begun. Their son, James T. Bawker, re- mained at home until he was fifteen years old, attending the public schools of the neighborhood and assisting on the farm. He then started in life for himself by hiring out as a farm hand near his home and passed the next four years of his life in this occupation. In 1861 he removed to Goodhue county, Minn., and, "at the breaking out of the Civil War soon after, he enlisted as a member of the Third Minnesota Infantry in de- fense of the Union, following his convictions and the flag of his country through three years of bloody strife, seeing much of the hardship and arduous service of war in its worst form, re- turning in 1864 to his former Illinois home with an honorable discharge from the army and the consciousness of having maintained, on every field and in every crisis, the good name of the Amer- ican citizen soldiery, which has been won in every war in which it engaged. He remained and farmed in his native county until 1871, in that year going to Mitchell county, Kan., where he took up land and continued farming operations until 1884. In June of that year he sold out and came to Wyoming, locating in Crook coun- ty and beginning a prosperous and expanding business in the stock industry near Sundance. Two years later he transferred his base of oper- ations to his present ranch on Skull Creek, twen- ty-eight miles northwest of Newcastle, and has since been fully occupied there with his stock and farming interests. His ranch consists of 640 acres of excellent land, with sufficient vari- ety of altitude and quality to form a very de- sirable estate and yield the best results in agri- cultural products and grazing features. A large portion is under irrigation and in a high state of cultivation, while the improvements are suit- able in character and sufficient in scope for the purposes of the ranch. They are modern in style, convenient in arrangement and substantial in structure. On this pleasant and productive estate, Mr. Bawker has resided for half a genera- tion of life in company with the wife of his youth, who still abides with him, and with whom he married on October 11, 1866, in Jo Daviess county, 111., where her parents, as well as his, were pioneers and substantial farmers. Before her marriage she was Miss Catherine Brickler, a daughter of Anthony and Elizabeth (Rinds- bacher) Brickler, the former a native of Canada and the latter of Switzerland. The Bawkers have three children, Ira S., a prosperous farmer and stockman of Weston county, mentioned on an- other page of this work, Ernest A. and Nellie A., now Mrs. Davis. Mr. Bawker is a Republican in politics, but not an active partisan. He is one of the oldest settlers in this section, who has contributed essentially to its growth. . J. GEORGE BEEHLER. The subject of this brief review is a native of Germany, having been born in the Fatherland, on April 15, 1864, the son of J. George and Mary (Deininger) Beehler, natives of Germany. His father followed the occupation of a weaver in his native country, residing in Sachsenhausen, and remained there up to the time of his death, which occurred there in 1880. The mother passed away in Germany in 1887, and was buried by the side of her husband in the soil of the Fatherland. The subject of this review grew to manhood in his native land, receiving his early education in the schools of Sachsenhausen, remaining at home un- til he had attained the age of eighteen years. In 1882, his imagination was fired by reports of the opportunities for advancement existing in the great country beyond the sea, and he determined 752 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. to seek his fortune in the New World. Leaving the home of his childhood at the early age of eighteen years, with no capital except a few dol- lars of his meager savings and the blessing of a good mother which has attended him through- out all his life, he took ship and sailed away to America. Arriving here in due time he first went to Oilman, 111., where he secured employ- ment in a wagonmaking establishment and re- mained there for three years and during this time he acquired a thorough knowledge of the wagonmaking trade. In 1885 he removed his residence from Illinois to Nebraska, where he established himself at Wood River, and continued to follow his occupation of wagonmaking. He remained here, engaged in that pursuit, until he came to Greeley, Colo., where he was offered and accepted a position with the F. E. Smith Imple- ment Co., one of the largest concerns dealing in agricultural implements in the state of Colorado. He remained in the employ of this company until the early part of 1893, when he resigned his po- sition for the purpose of engaging in business for himself, and opened a carriage shop at Greeley. This business he conducted successfully about one year, when he disposed of it and came to the state of Wyoming. Arriving here in January, 1894, he purchased the farm which he still owns and occupies, situated on Wheatland Flats, about four and one-half miles northwest of the city of Wheatland. He was the first settler on these flats and has remained there since that time, con- tinuously engaged in the combined occupation of farming and stockraising. He has met with con- siderable success, and now is the owner of a fine farm, well fenced and improved, with a com- fortable brick residence and many evidences of thrift and prosperity. He has found this life more profitable, as well as more congenial and attend- ed with less risks than his former business of car- riage and wagonbuilding. When at Wood River, Neb., 011 April 15, 189T, Mr. P.cehler was united in the bonds of matrimony to Miss Etta Burmood. a native of Illinois, and the (laughter of Peter and Lottie (Sparks) Burmood, the former a na- tive of the empire of Germany, and the latter of the state of Illinois. The father formerly fol- lowed farming in the latter state, subsequently removing to Nebraska, where he continued in the same business near Wood River, where his home is now located. To Mr. and Mrs. Beehler two children have been born, J. Elmer and Etta, both of whom are living. In 1897 Mr. Beehler was so unfortunate as to lose his wife, she pass- ing away on the 20th day of May, in that year, being buried at Wood River, Neb. The subject of this sketch is one of the most highly respected citizens of his section of the state. His habits of thrift, industry and frugality, which he in- herited from his sturdy German ancestors, have enabled him to build up a good business in the land of his adoption, and he is now the owner of a fine property, which is gradually being added to from year to year. GEORGE A. BELL. Born in Indiana, reared in Ohio and Pennsyl- vania until he was seventeen years of age, then living 'in Kansas until 1887, when he became a pioneer of Wyoming, George A. Bell, of near Bonanza, Bighorn count}', has seen human life in man}- places and has been in contact with the institutions peculiar to several states. His par- ents were Charles and Catherine Bell, the former a native of Pennsylvania and the latter of Ger- many. When he reached the age of seventeen, turning his back on every local tie, he determ- ined to make his own way in the world and sought the undeveloped West as the field of his opera- tions. He reached Garnett, Kan., where he re- mained for a short time. From there he went to Colorado, and, in 1887, came to Wyoming, and, settling in Johnson county, engaged in the lumber business. In 1891 he located his present ranch and has occupied it ever since. It repre- sents the fruition of his hopes in an industrial way, being the product of his toil and taste in the way of improvement and present comfort, fertility and equipment. Virgin soil when he took possession, on which the hand of systematic labor had never been employed, it stands forth now a tribute to his enterprise and skill, his pro- gressiveness and public spirit, being a model to PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 753 the neighborhood, one of the most attractive and desirable homes in his section of the county. It comprises 320 acres of excellent land, much •of it under advanced cultivation, and he has on it 250 fine cattle. In addition to his ranch and cattle interests he owns valuable coal land, which is now being developed and shows promise of great results. Everything he touches receives an accelerated forward motion, and- this industry will not be an exception to the rule. On the con- trary he has his other interests so well in hand, and his various fields of labor so systematized, that he is able to give to the development of his mines more earnest and active attention than . heretofore, and to thus secure a more active production of their hidden stores of wealth and at the same time build up increased industries in their neighborhood. Mr. Bell was married at Tensleep, in this county, in 1897, to Miss Blanche Lockhart, a native of Iowa. They have one child, their daughter, Irene. In every line of commer-* cial, industrial, educational and social progress, Mr. Bell is present with sympathy, encourage- ment, and, where it is possible, with substantial aid. He has prospered in this country, and has helped to build it into its present state of progress and development. It is now his permanent home and, in a measure, the product of his influence and efforts. He therefore has an abiding inter- est in its welfare, and is earnest and constant in showing that interest in practical ways of value. To such citizenship as his, the great Northwest owes its rapid and enduring progress. GEORGE A. BENEDICT. Born on October 7, i860,, at Arlington, Ben- nington county, Vermont, on the very same street where Ethan Allen lived so long ago, reared and primarily educated in that old New England town, and finishing his course at an academy in Manchester, which is one of the oldest in the United States, George A. Benedict, of Upton, Wyoming, is far from the scenes and associations of his early life, engaged in pursuits almost un- known to his native place. His parents, Charles and Esther (Burton) Benedict, were also natives of Vermont and prosperous farmers, as farming goes in that state. The father died in 1898 and the mother in 1900, and both are buried in Ar- lington, where their useful lives were passed, their home being, as has been noted, located on the street of that town which has the historic dis- tinction of being the one on which stood the home of that remarkable patriot, Ethan Allen, during the closing years of his life. After leaving school, George A. Benedict worked with his father on the farm until he was twenty-one years of age, then, after a year of effort in his native state on his' own account, he came to Missouri, and, lo- cating at Sedalia, began business in the sheep in- dustry. In a few months, however, he gave this up and, going to Independence, went to work on a sheep ranch. In the autumn of 1883 he drove a large flock of sheep from Lexington, Mo., to Mitchell county, Kan., and there spent three years in the sheep business for himself, b^ing one of the largest sheepmen in that part of the country. In the fall of 1886 he removed his stock to Buffalo county, Neb., where he sold them. He then accepted employment with Swift & Co. as a buyer and superintendent of outfits, cover- ing the territory embraced in Montana, Wyoming and Utah, with his headquarters in Nebraska. His duties were to buy sheep and look after the outfits which took them back to Nebraska to be fed. After some years he also did sheepshear- ing for the firm. He remained in their employ thirteen years. He took up his residence in Wy- oming in 1897 and lived at Newcastle until 1901. In January of that year he resigned his position with Swift & Co., and formed a partnership with C. L. Erickson, for the purpose of conducting an extensive sheepshearing business. They have two plants for this industry, one in Wyoming and one in Montana, and, that they sheared in 1902 more than 150,000 sheep, indicates the mag- nitude of the business. The firm-name is Bene- dict & Erickson, and it is well known throughout the sheepraising country. Mr. Benedict is also interested in various commercial enterprises, among them being the Cambria Live Stock Co., running sheep in Weston county, Wyo., in which he is a stockholder. He is also manager of all 754 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. the outside interests of the company, and, under his skill and care, they have been prospered and greatly multiplied. In fraternal relations he is connected with the order of Freemasons and with the order of Red Men, holding membership in lodges at Arlington, Vt. In politics he is an act- ive Republican, deeply interested in the success of his party and contributing his share toward its advancement. GEORGE W. TIBBETS. Although comparatively a young man, it is no exaggeration to say that George W. Tibbets, whose productive estate is situated on Mill Creek, about eighteen miles south of Evanston, Wyoming, ranks as one of the leading business men of his section. Possessed of a clear and a sober judgment, he belongs to that class ^f men which always leaves its impression forciblv and strongly upon the communities where they re- side. His energy, enterprise, shrewdness and integrity have ever been marked and pro- nounced factors in his gratifying success in business and in social life. Mr. Tibbets was born in Rensselaer county, N. Y., on May 26, 1863, the youngest son of Lester G. and .Emily Tibbets, who were likewise of the Empire state, and his paternal grandfather, also George W. Tibbets, was a native of that state. He early married Miss Ellen Greene, who was born in Massachusetts and was like her husband de- scended from prominent and illustrious fami- lies of that state, connected with the various departments of the development, progress and prosperity of the commonwealth from early Colonial days, members of both families having been represented in professional, industrial and military circles. General Nathaniel Greene, of Revolutionary fame is perhaps the most nota- ble one of the Greene family. Lester Tibbets was a farmer in Rensselaer and Scoharie coun- ties, N. Y., and his marriage to Emily Cook oc- curred in Huntersland, Scoharie county. They had four children, Co':a F., who married Dr. II. II. Weyburn of Geneva, N. Y., and died leaving five children ; Louis D., who resides in Argenta, Mont. ; Annie, who died at the age of five years ; George W., left an orphan at the age of six years by the death of his mother, who passed away when thirty-six years old, and was buried in the beautiful little rural cemetery at Huntersland. George \V. Tibbets received the educational advantages of the excellent public schools of the county of his nativity until he attained the age of nineteen years. He then commenced his independent course of business for himself by becoming a farmer in New York, where he continued agricultural operations for about eight years. The West, with its possi- bilities for better remuneration for earnest and energetic labor, attracted him and he went first to Kansas, later becoming a resident of Salt Lake City, Utah, where for about eighteen months he conducted a profitable meat business. He came to Wyoming in 1889 and located upon a . quarter-section of government land, a portion of his present valuable property on Mill Creek, Wyo., where he now maintains his home, having- erected thereupon a commodious residence of modern architecture and design, one of the pleasantest homes in a wide range of country ; and here he has been and is extensivelv en- gaged in stockraising. He now owns 1,120 acres of valuable land, and in addition to this rural estate he leases for grazing purposes one section of state land. His business operations have steadily increased and have been con- ducted with wise judgment and discriminating care, his herds of cattle being numerous and of the best quality. Mr. Tibbets has always taken an active part in local and public affairs and is the present efficient road superintendent of his district and for a number of years he has been the treasurer of his school district. He is an earnest supporter of the principles and policies of the Republican political party, with which he has been identified since he became a voter. He was married on March 21, 1882, in Hunt- ersland, X. Y., with Miss Missoura Swart, a daughter of Daniel A. and Caroline (Wagner) Swart, and also a native of New York. Her father was a son of David Swart. David Swart was a native of Germany, he marrying, how- ■ .; :; i . ■ .: ;: ■ ' : ■ ' : ' ■■:■..:■■ ■ ■ ' ■ ■ :;.:; : PROGRESSIVE- MEN OF WYOMING. 755 ever, a lady named Green, who was born in New York, which state was also the birthplace of the parents of Mrs. Tibbets. Mr. and Mrs. Tibbets have five children, Viola C, who mar- ried Jonathan Jones, Jr., and resides on Mill Creek; Flora E. ; Cora F. ; Esther G., and George W. Mr. Tibbetts is always willing to give his time, money and influence to promote the inter- ests of his community and the public in general, while his home is a home of marked hospitality and had he paid the same attention to public matters that he has to his successful business operations, he has the qualities that might easily have carried him well into the front of official life. He is truly a self-made man and is always ready to help along and advance every worthy public enterprise and private benefaction. JOSEPH BENZON. Among the most prominent of the native-born American stockmen of Uinta county, Wyoming, is Joseph Benzon, whose ranch is on Mill Creek, eighteen miles southeast of Evanston. He was born in Salt Lake county, Utah, on January 10, 1869, the fourth of the eight children that con- stituted the family of Andrew B. and Katie (Wickle) Benzon, the former of whom was a native of Denmark and the latter of Germany. Andrew B. Benzon was still a young man when he came to America and was an ardent worker in the church of the Latter Day Saints. He was married at Nauvoo, 111., to Katie Wickle, a daughter of Herman and Katheryn Wickle, whose eight children were born in the following order : Elenora, deceased, "wife of H. A. Silver, of Salt Lake; Andrew B., Jr., married and also a resi- dent of Salt Lake ; Edward, deceased ; Joseph, whose name heads this biographical notice ; Min- nie, wife of William Afflick, of Salt Lake City; Arthur, deceased ; Owen, and another whose name was not given to the writer. In 1849 An- drew B. Benzon settled in Salt Lake City, where, for a number of years, he was engaged in the drug business and then was in the drygoods trade until his death, which occurred on July 22, 1901, at the age of sixty-eight years, his remains being 47 interred in the cemetery of the Latter Day Saints. His widow, one of the most domestic and amiable of women, still retains her residence in Salt Lake City. Joseph Benzon received a good and prac- tical education in Salt Lake City, and there, also, learned the machinist's trade, which he followed at Salt Lake until he came to Uinta county, Wyo., in 1899. Here, in partnership with his brother- in-law, H. A. Silver, he purchased the tract of 600 acres on which he still lives and engaged in stockraising and in dealing in cattle, in which business he has met with unqualified success. Al- though his residence in Wyoming has hardly ex- ceeded three years, he has proven himself to be no "tenderfoot," but a hardy and vigorous fron- tiersman, equal to all the emergencies and re- quirements necessary to be possessed by a dweller in a new and rugged country, diversified, though Uinta county is, with broad-spreading plains and steep and precipitous hills and mountains. Mr. Benzon has done much toward the improvement of the face of the country in the immediate vicin- ity in which his ranch is located, and his ranch itself is a model of thrift and neatness. Having been reared by most respectable and well-in- formed parents, he is well qualified, through his personal attainments, to elevate to a high plane of thought and refined civilization any commun- ity in which he may by chance happen to live, and his upright life and habits of industry wield a powerful influence over all his neighbors, who have not been slow to recognize his merits in these respects. He has, solely through his indus- try, acquired a competency, and stands today among Uinta county's most prominent citizens. • M. J. BLAKE. The development of the new states of the Rocky Mountain region has called into its service able men from many nationalities and from all sections. Conspicuously, however, among them appear sons of the state of Missouri, who have* here achieved grand results and wonderful suc- cess as captains of great industrial operations. Among this number is M. J. Blake, of Cumber- land, Uinta county, Wyoming, who has long de- 756 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. voted himself with a tireless industry to capable and energetic labors in coal mining, and who, today, as a symmetrical result of his merits, is occupying the distinctly important position of foreman of Mine No. 2 at Cumberland, Wyo. It is the mission of this publication to give a review of the lives of such men, that they may be preserved and handed down to coming gen- erations as examples of what true ability will accomplish, even when totally unaided by the adventitious support of inherited wealth or high position. Mr. Blake was born on November 25, 1864, in. Macon county, Mo., a son of Michael and Ellen (Keating) Blake, both of the parents being natives of Ireland. The father was long in the railroad service of this country and finally lo- cated on the farm in Missouri where he and his faithful wife still hold their residence. Three of their eight children survive, and our subject was the fourth of the number in order of birth. Agnes is a. graduate of a business college at Quincy, 111., and is now located in St. Louis, Mo. Johanna is another member of the family, and M. J. Blake is the third. He received a good common-school education in the schools of Mis- souri, and when twenty years of age he engaged in coal mining in his native state, following this occupation consecutively for four years, and un- til 1888, when his ambitious courage brought him to Wyoming. Here he was actively engaged in his former employment for nine years at Rock Springs, success steadily following his persistent efforts. He opened up and developed the Blair mine, during the interval of time from 1888 to '1892 having entire charge of its operation. From 1892 to 1897 he was in service as weighman for the U. P. Coal Co., at Rock Springs, while for the succeeding four years he was the foreman of a mine at Frontier, in all of these stations showing industry, care and steady devotion to his em- ployers' interests. In 1901 he came to Cumber- land, his present residence, where he has been in charge as foreman of the opening and developing of Mine No. 2, giving the best of satisfaction by his businesslike procedures and attaining good re- sults. Mr. Blake has other and important busi- ness associations, among them he is connected with the Kemmerer Oil and Development Co., and also with the Fossil Consolidated Co., hold- ing a position in the directorate of the first named corporation. A thoughtful and patriotic citizen, it is to be expected that Mr. Blake would take a vital interest in the questions of the day, and in public matters affecting the weal of the commun- ity, the state and the nation. He warmly sup- ports and advocates the principles of the party which stands for his views, and in 1900 was its nominee for sheriff of Uinta county, polling a more than normal vote and clearly indicating his personal popularity. He was in attendance at the national convention of his party held at Kansas City and spares neither time nor his personal energies in its service. Mr. Blake wed- ded, at Salt Lake City, Utah, on September 28, 1898, Miss Elizabeth Welch, a daughter of Byron and Martha (Welch) Welch, a lady of un- usual ability and culture, who is a leading mem- ber of the local Baptist church and the. present superintendent of its large Sabbath-school. She comes of fine old English stock, domiciled since Colonial days on Virginia soil, and there her parents were born, her father being a man of in- fluence, a member of the State Legislature and also holding other offices of trust with con- ceded ability. He died in Virginia in 1887 aged forty-five years, surviving his wife, who preced- ed him in 1885 at the age of thirty-eight years. Of their nine children, seven are now living. Mr. Blake is a member of the Catholic church and belongs to Rock Springs Lodge, No. 624, Be- nevolent Protective Order of Elks. The fam- ily stands in a very high position in the esteem of the people, their home being a center of gracious hospitality. WILLIS J. BOOTH. The men of nerve and enterprise who con- duct the vast and fruitful industries of the Big- horn basin are fortunate in having available for their needs banking facilities ample in scope, responsive in action and adapted to specific wants. Such facilities are furnished in part by the Bighorn County Bank, of Basin, of which PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 7S7 Willis J. Booth has been president from its or- ganization, in which he was one of the leading factors. Mr. Booth is by nature and attain- ments a financier, and this institution, and oth- ers involving the use of large sums of money, afford scope for his capacities and his aptfulness in this department of commercial activity. He is a pioneer of 1879 in Wyoming, and has there- fore spent the most fruitful and serviceable por- tion of his life among this people, coming among tliem before he reached his majority, becoming an element of force in their midst by immediate adaptation to the genius of the region, and to the .habits, conditions and insti- tutions which were prevalent therein. Mr. Booth is a native of Wisconsin, where his useful life began on July 27, 1862. His father, Will- iam Booth, came to this country from his native England in his youth and settled in Pennsyl- vania. There he married with Miss Betty C. Jenks, and soon after their marriage they re- moved to Wisconsin, where their son, Willis was born. In 1872, when he was ten years old, they removed to Olmsted county, Minn., and a year later, to Albert Lea, in Freeborn county. For five years his home was at that place, and there he completed his meager schooling. In 1878, at the early age of sixteen, he started in life for himself, and, a year later, in 1879, came to Wyoming and located at Laramie. In that neighborhood he rode the range for a period of seven years, then came to the Bighorn basin and located a homestead on Paint Rock Creek, where he engaged in ranching, stockgrowing and rangeriding until 1891. At that time he sold out and took up his present ranch on the same stream. This estate comprises 440 acres of land, especially well adapted to the stock business, and here he has a herd of 250 fine cat- tle and 100 good horses. Throughout his life Mr. Booth has been industrious and thrifty. His early accumulations were small and slow in reaching an appreciable magnitude. But the blandishments of social life and the seductive smiles of sport were alike unnoticed by him, and he saved his earnings for future use in enterprises of greater volume and of more elevated charac- ter than the work in which he was then en- gaged ; and so, in time, he had capital, and in acquiring that capital he had won the confi- dence of those around him. He associated with him a few congenial men and organized the Bighorn County Bank at Basin and became its president. The institution has prospered from its inception, and, under his careful and pro- gressive management, it has greatly enlarged the volume of its business and the body of its clientele. It has, moreover, been a reservoir of monetary strength to the community and poured streams of benefaction among its peo- ple. He is also a heavy stockholder in the Bighorn Canal Co., giving a due share of his time and attention to its affairs. In local pub- lic affairs he has always taken a deep and ser- viceable interest, and has served his party well as a soldier in the ranks and in its responsible official stations. He was elected county clerk in 1898 and was reelected in 1900, and rendered very creditable service to the county in that position. Of the fraternal societies esteemed among men he has united with but one, the Modern Woodmen of America. At Hyattville, Wyoming, in 1892, he was married to Miss Hattie Allen, a native of Colorado, but for a number of years preceding her marriage a resi- dent of this state. They have two children, James W. and F. Allen Booth. Mr. Booth is uni- versally recognized as a leading and representa- tive citizen of the county, and enjoys in a marked degree public esteem and confidence. EDWARD J. BRANDLEY. It is a far cry from the studies of a polytech- nic school and the industrial activities of bridge construction in the East to the free, unfettered and independent life of a prosperous stockman in western Wyoming, but Edward J. Brandley, now . residing on Hani's Fork Creek in Uinta county, Wyoming, has experienced this great transformation. He comes of good parentage, his father, James Brandley, a native of New York, being an educated gentleman and a piano manufacturer of Troy, that state. He was a 758 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. man of quiet and home-loving ways, but was a valued and prominent member of the Masonic fraternity. He married Ann E. Rodner, also a native of New York, but, like her husband, of Swiss ancestry, and they had four children, Ed- ward J., Matilda, deceased, Albert R., now a business man of New York City, and Emma T., now wife of Joseph G. Converse, of Selma, Ala. The mother died in St. Louis, Mo., on Febru- ary 7, 1870, the father surviving her to the hale old age of eighty years, when he departed this life in New Jersey on December 18, 1899. Mr. Brandley was born on August 14, 1844, in the beautiful city of Troy, N. Y., and received his early educational discipline in the excellent schools of New York City and St. Louis, Mo., and supplemented this education by a thorough technical course of instruction in the polytech- nic school of St. Louis, being thereafter em- ployed by the St. Louis Bridge Co. on the great bridge crossing the Mississippi at that city, for the long term of fourteen years, this protracted tenure of place demonstrating con- clusively the ability and the valuable services of Mr. Bradley. Commencing as an office boy, step by step, he climbed the ladder of promo- tion, becoming the chief clerk of that great cor- poration, then for seven years holding the re- sponsible position of its purchasing agent. In 1882 the great West attracted him, and he estab- lished a mercantile business in Salt Lake City, which, after successively conducting it for two years, he sold and transferred his energies to stockraising, becoming identified with the Wa- satch Stock Co. In 1897 he homesteaded the place on Ham's Fork, where he now maintains his residence, and he has increased his acreage until he now has an estate of 320 acres, princi- pally consisting of rich bottom land, which is kept in the best condition by the most improved methods of agriculture. This property is giv- en over to the raising of fine grades of sheep of which he runs large bands, conducting his business with discrimination and care, and se- curing the best of results, and holding a high position in the minds of the people, who consider him as one of the best types of the representative sheepmen of the state. Mr. Brandley and Miss Mary E. Dolar, a daughter of Andrew and Car- oline (Hughes) Dolar, were united in matri- mony on July 28, 1897, and at their pleasant home she dispenses a truly western hospitality. Mr. Brandley is fully in accord with the principles and policies of the Republican party, earnest in support of its cause, manifesting also great pub- lic interest in all matters tending to the im- provement of the community and state. ALBERT W. BRISTOL. Among the progressive and enterprising men who are doing so much to build up the industries of the state of Wyoming, and to make it, as it is destined to become, one of the leading commonwealths of the American Un- ion, is Albert W. Bristol, of the city of Chey- enne. He is a native of the Green Mountain state, born on July 23, 1852, at Vergennes, Ver- mont. He is the son of Philo and Prudence (Rugg) Bristol, the former a native of Ver- mont, and the latter of Massachusetts. His fa- ther was a merchant, residing at Vergennes, where all his life he was engaged in mercantile pursuits, and where he passed away in Janu- ary, 1885. The mother died at the old home in July, 1893, and the worthy people are buried side by side near the scenes of their former ac- tivities. Albert W. Bristol, of this review, grew to manhood in his native place and received his early education in the graded schools of Vergennes, and afterwards entered Barre Acad- emy, a well-known educational institution, be- ing graduated from this academy in the class of 1 871. Upon the completion of his course of ed- ucation, he entered the employ of his father in a clerical position in the store at Vergennes, for the purpose of acquiring a practical knowledge of the mercantile business. Subsequently, however, he left this employment, and became a popular teacher in the public schools, where he remained until 1873. In that year, desiring to avail himself of larger opportunities of en- gaging in business than were offered him in his native state, he set out for the citv of Chev- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 759 enne, in the territory of Wyoming. Upon ar- riving in that place, then a typical frontier town, the center of the stockgrowing industry, he gathered all the information possible with a view to engaging in the live stock business, and then proceeded to Fort Collins, Colo. Short- ly after his arrival at the latter place, he formed a partnership with W. N. Bachelder, and to- gether they embarked in sheepraising and wool- growing, following this business successfully at their ranch near Fort Collins for two years. They then divided their interests and holdings and closed their partnership. Mr. Bristol then leased his flocks of sheep on shares and moved his residence to Cheyenne, Wyo., where he remained until 1879, when, becoming restless to again engage in active business, he left his family in Cheyenne, and- purchased his present ranch at the headwaters of Bear Creek, about thirty-one miles north of Cheyenne. Here be- ginning with only 160 acres of land, he has extended his business and increased his hold- ings, until now (1902) he is the owner of 2,100 acres of patented land, well fenced and im- proved and holds several thousand acres under lease from the state. His home ranch is one of the show places of Wyoming, being a model stockfarm, with fine buildings, barns and all the modern improvements and appliances. In 1897 Mr. Bristol began handling thoroughbred Here- ford cattle, and in this industry he has been very successful, having now one of the finest herds in the West. He has also engaged in the business of dealing in registered Rambouillet rams, and has found this enterprise very prof- itable, while rendering very material assistance to his section of the state in the improvement of the grades of sheep. Up to 1899 he was ex- tensively engaged both in the sheep and wool business, but he then disposed of all his sheep interests, except his thoroughbred rams. He is also engaged in the raising of fine horses, con- fining himself to the best grades of riding and driving animals. In all his varied enterprises, Mr. Bristol has been very successful, and his business is now one of the largest, best man- aged, most extensive and most profitable in Wyoming. This has been due to his careful management, shrewd business judgment and progressive spirit. The keen intelligence, prac- tical common sense, and habits of industry which he inherited from his Vermont ancestry, have stood him in good stead, and he is now counted as one of the most successful and sub- stantial business men of his state. On July 7, 1876, Mr. Bristol was united in marriage at Fort Collins to Miss Jennie Nickson, of that place. Two children have been born to them, namely, Albert W. and Delia M. Politically, Mr. Bristol is affiliated with the Republican party, and takes an active interest in public af- fairs, although he has never sought or desired to hold a public office, his extensive business interests occupying his entire time and requir- ing his full attention. In recent years Mr. Bris- tol, in addition to his other interests, has en- gaged in buying and selling cattle. Each year he purchases large numbers of range steers, mostly in Texas and other southern states, and, after holding them until the conditions are favorable for a profitable sale, disposes of them in the markets of the North. He has found this branch of his business to be very remunerative when carefully conducted, and has been stead- ily enlarging his operations from year to year. He first began speculation in live stock when a young man, in 1877, and shortly after his ar- rival in Wyoming territory. In that year, short- ly after the great gold excitement in the Black Hills, in Dakota, when many thousands of peo- ple were flocking thither, he saw an opportunity for making a profitable sale of sheep for mutton in the markets of that section, and, gathering up a large herd in the vicinity of Fort Collins, he drove them to the Black Hills. Here he dis- posed of them at a large advance, which more than satisfied his expectattions. This trip was one that was fraught with many thrilling exper- iences, the Sioux Indians being then on the warpath, and it was necessary to exercise the greatest judgment and cool discretion to bring his animals through that country in safety, and to save the lives of the men in his employ. Mr. Bristol is a type of the successful, shrewd, hard- 760 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. headed progressive men of the West, who by their energy, judgment and enterprise, have developed large business operations from small beginnings, and have laid the foundations of great states. He is one of the men whose de- sert has been even greater than his achieve- ment, and whose sterling qualities of character have won the high opinion and lasting esteem of all who know him. JOSEPH BROWN. To his stalwart English ancestry Mr. Joseph Brown, the subject of this review, is indebted for an inheritance of physical vigor, great pow- ers of endurance and a tenacity of purpose that have proven' of great benefit to him in his un- aided battle with life's conflicting forces. Handi- capped in many ways, commencing life in early childhood as a fatherless member of a family of ten children, labor has ever been his lot. He has diligently endeavored by industry, persist- ent endeavor and mental activity to rise su- perior to the conditions originally surround- ing him, and today he has the proud satisfaction of knowing that his position of independence has been worthily won by his own ability, and that his numerous friends honor and esteem him for his personal worth and good citizenship. Joseph Brown was born in 1842, in England, the son of John and Ann (Bartlett) Brown. His early years were passed in earnest strivings for an education and in laboring to aid in the sup- port of his widowed mother and brothers and sisters. Right loyally did he devote his ener- gies to this purpose, and may well feel a proud satisfaction in the faithful performance of fil- ial duties. This could be the best accomplished through labor in the mines, and here he toiled and planned, year after year, until, in 1866, he saw his way clear to the accomplishment of a long cherished purpose, his emigration from England. Crossing the Atlantic, he made his first American home at Pittsburg, Pa., and, af- ter remaining for five or six years, he came to Utah, and there, in 1872. to Almy, \Vyo. Here he again became connected with the mining in- dustry, following it steadily for many years, in the meantime entering a homestead claim of eighty acres, on which he engaged in cattlerais- ing, and where he has developed a fine property. He has never been an idler, always a producer of value to the land, and merits, and has ob- tained, the regards of the people of his home. Mr. Brown was first married to Miss Mary A. Jenkins, who died after a brief matrimonial ex- istence and was buried in Pennsylvania. His second marriage was with Miss Thirza Sims, a daughter of John and Mary A. (Phillips) Sims. (For ancestral history see the record of John Sims elsewhere in this volume.) They are the parents of the following named children : John; Mary A., deceased; Joseph; Sarah; Han- nah ; David ; Lizzie ; Rose ; Lillie, deceased ; Thirza ; Alfred, deceased. Mr. Brown deserves great credit for the earnest life he has lived and for the success he has attained. He is one of the representatives of a class, that, under the present progress of industrial methods and in- ventions, will soon be a matter of history, rather than a living entity, the sterling, honest, indus- trious English miner. He and also his family stand high in the regards of their associates and take part in all matters of public interest. CHARLES A. BUNCE. One of the prosperous and progressive sheepbreeders and business men of Lander is Charles A. Bunce, whose name is familiar throughout the social and business community as a synonym for courtesy, probity and energy. He was born in Utah on September 19, 1879, a son of Austin F. and M. Eleanor (Burns) Bunce, who were numbered among the early residents of Utah and as contributing forces to its devel- opment. The father died on October 16, 1901, aged forty-three years, leaving a large and profitable sheep business. He was a man of public spirit and enterprise, inheriting from prominent ancestors the best elements of pro- gressive American citizenship, enforcing them ever amid the activities of his useful life. His widow still survives. His father was Lewis PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 761 D. Bunce, a cousin of Admiral Bunce of the U. S. navy, and his mother, Esther (Voorhees) Bunce, was a sister of Senator Voorhees. Charles A. Bunce received his scholastic train- ing in the schools of Utah, Wyoming and Cali- fornia, and was prepared for business in the Eastman Business University at Poughkeepsie, N. Y. On his graduation from college he was employed as .clerk and bookkeeper for his fa- ther, and, after several years passed in this ca- pacity, he took active charge of a sheep industry belonging to them, which now embraces one- half interest in 36,000 sheep. Large commercial enterprises also engage his attention, and an extensive real-estate business also demands his time and talents, together with the affairs of the local brewery and the Garfield mine, in both of which he has valuable interests, as he has also in valuable tracts of land in different parts of the county. But, although engrossed by a mul- titude of business affairs, he still finds time to cultivate and exemplify the graces and courte- sies of life in a social way, and to mingle with his fellows in two of the fraternal orders, hold- ing membership in Lander Lodge, No. 10, Knights of Pythias, and in Rock Springs Lodge, No. 625, Benevolent Protective Order of Elks. ' U. ROSS BUNCE. The great Northwest of the United States has been a legitimate domain for the conquest of man, and the story of his triumphs in sub- duing its wilds to subjection and fruitfulness is the proper theme of poetry and romance. It is the dominion of man over nature, of mind over matter, intensified and made more thrill- ing because of the conditions of unusual diffi- culty. Among the soldiers in this army of con- quest U. Ross Bunce, of Lander, Wyoming, and his parents, who were pioneers in Utah, are entitled to honorable mention. Mr. Bunce was born on June 14, 1876, in the present state, then territory, of Utah, the son of Lewis and Esther (Voorhees) Bunce, the former a New Yorker by birth and the latter a native of Illinois. After a career of marked usefulness and vigor- ous activity, both" parents were laid to rest be- neath the sod of their adopted state, the mother, in 1882, at the age of forty years, and the father, in 1900, at that of seventy-six years. They were among the early settlers in Utah and there lived the simple and diligent life of farmers, redeem- ing the virgin soil from its barbaric luxuriance of wild vegetation and bringing it into glad ser- vice for the sustenance and happiness of civil- ized society. They were the parents of ten children, seven of whom survive them and are useful citizens of the American republic. Their son, U. Ross Bunce„was educated in the pub- lic schools of his native city, and, after leav- ing school, he immediately engaged in rearing and handling sheep, on a scale commensurate with his talents for the business and his op- portunities for employing them. He is still con- ducting his chosen line of work in a profitable and expanding way, rising in importance with its development, making his due impress on the community as a man of excellent business qualifications and sterling integrity, studious of the general welfare, along with his own, and giving to his fellows the commendable example and influence of a good citizen. His ranch of 160 acres, on the Muskrat Creek, and another, which he owns in the Bighorn basin, are models of thrift and of skillful cultivation, being also sup- plied with all the needed appliances for their work and exhibiting good taste and judgment in the disposition of their improvements and adornments. Mr. Bunce has from his early manhood taken an intelligent and forceful in- terest in public affairs, and has contributed his share' of the stimulus for their proper manage- ment. Fraternally, he is identified with the Knights of Pythias, holding membership in Lander Lodge, No. 10. He is universally es- teemed in his immediate neighborhood and has a host of friends wherever he is known. HON. JEROME F. BROWN. Prominent in business and politics, with a long and varied experience in several states and occupations, Hon. Jerome B. Brown, now of Big- 762 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. horn, Wyoming, has had unusual opportunities for serving his fellow men and has made an excellent use of them. He is a native of New York, where he was born on July 9, 1835, the son of Theodore and Eliza (Stone) Brown, who were born and reared in Connecticut. Mr. Brown lived and attended school in his native place until he reached the age of sixteen. He then started out for himself in life, coming to Illinois and engaging in farming. In this pur- suit he was occupied for seven years, when he forsook it to engage in teaching. This he left in turn to engage in merchandising, and from that line of activity he transferred his activities to stockgrowing, which he followed in Illinois until 1880, then removed to the Red River Val- ley of Minnesota, and there started a wheat- raising industry, which for seven years he car- ried on with vigor and energy. In 1887, follow- ing his bent for frontier life, he came to Wyo- ming, homesteaded on his present location and actively engaged in stockgrowing, and this in- dustry he has pushed forward with enterprise and success ever since and until he has made it one of the leading adventures of its kind in this part of the state. His knowledge of affairs and his general fitness early marked him for ad- ministrative duties, and he was elected a mem- ber of the board of county commissioners, a position in which he rendered signal service to his young but ambitious county. In 1896 he was chosen to represent his people in the low- er house of the State Legislature, and in the field of legislation he continued the usefulness he had shown in that of local administration. For some years he had been prominent and act- ive in the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and, in 1898, he was elected grand master of the order for the state of Wyoming, at the close of his term of office being made state rep- resentative to the Grand Lodge of the United States. In 1859, in Ilinois. Mr. Brown was married to Miss Clementine A. Martin, a resi- dent of that state, but a native of New York, where her parents, Parley and Eliza J. Martin, were born and reared. Five children have blessed and brightened their domestic shrine. May, now married to D. W. Sulliday, of Illinois ; Clara, married to H. O. Davis, also of Illin- ois ; Nora, married to Frank Anderson, of Mon- tana ; Edna P., married to R. R. Wood of Wyo- ming ; Leroy M., residing in Montana. In what- ever community he has lived, Mr. Brown has been a leader of thought and action, an upright and model citizen, a valued public official and a stimulating civic force. His children, in their several localities and stations in life exemplify in their daily walk the lessons of thrift, integrity and progressiveness so carefully inculcated in the beloved parental homestead. GEORGE W. BURCH. Having learned by actual experience every phase of the cowboy's wild and strenuous life, enduring its hardships, courting its dangers, and modestly enjoying its triumphs, George W. Burch, of Marquette, in Bighorn county, Wyo- ming, was well fitted to go before the public in all parts of this land and also to appear be- fore the crowned heads of Europe and exempli- fy that life in mimic display, as he did for four seasons as the chief cowboy of Buffalo Bill's great Wild West aggregation. He is now a man of quiet pursuits, putting into practice, as the manager and part owner of one of the lead- ing cattle companies of this state, what he early learned of the business in a long and trying apprenticeship on the range of new Wyoming. Geo. W. Burch was born in Iowa in 1863, the son of James H. Burch, and when he was but twelve years old he left home and joined a stock outfit in the Black Hills. S. D., where he passed seven years and then, in 1882, he came to Wyoming, and, in this state and Montana, was in charge of a cattle industry on Tongue River. In 1887 he went to British Columbia and the Canadian Northwest Territory and while there spent three years in mining. In T890 he returned to Wyoming, and, locating at Sheri- dan, became the manager of the Grinnell Live Slock Co. In 1895 he joined Buffalo Bill as chief of the cowboys of his great exhibition, and re- mained with it in that capacity until 1899. He PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 763 then resigned and came to the Bighorn basin, where he bought ranches and, in partnership with Capt. Jack Hagerman, fully organized the Shoshone Cattle Co. In this proposition they now own about 2,000 acres of land in an admir- able location, and most of it is well watered from their own irrigation ditch. Here they have 1,000 well-bred cattle, and carry on an ex- tensive stock industry. The estate of Mr. Burch, on the banks of the Shoshone River, is one of the most beautifully located and at- tractive residences in this part of the state, and he is everywhere recognized as one of the most enterprising and successful of Wyoming's stockgrowers. He pushes his business with commendable energy, omitting no effort neces- sary to the highest and best results, yet has al- ways time and active zeal to aid any worthy project for the benefit of the county and the advantage of its people. He holds membership in the Knights of Malta and in the Modern Woodmen of America. In 1897, he was mar- ried, in Pennsylvania, with Miss Lillian Wood- ward, a native of that state and a daughter of Lewis Woodward, who belongs to old and prominent Pennsylvania families. They have three children, George, Jr., Lillian and an in- fant. Their home is as attractive with a refined and generous hospitality within, as it is beauti- ful with natural and artistic adornment without, and is a very popular resort for their numerous friends, who prize its good cheer. JOSEPH BURGER. An early pioneer and an old soldier, whose career on the frontier has ever been full of ad- venture, Joseph Burger, now a successful ranch and stockman of Uva, Laramie county, Wyo- ming, is a native of Germany, born on February 3, 1835, the son of Michael and Therisa Burger, both natives of Germany, where his father fol- lowed the occupation of farming, continuing in that pursuit up to the time of his demise. The subject of this review grew to man's estate in his native land, and received his early education in the public schools in the vicinity of his boy- hood's home. When he had attained to the age of seventeen years, the spirit of adventure, which had been increased by the reports which had come to him of the wonderful country ly- ing beyond the sea, became so strong that he determined to seek his fortune in the New World, so, in 1852, he bade farewell to his parents and the Fatherland and took ship for America. Upon his arrival in this country he proceeded first to New Orleans, where he re- mained for a short time, and then came to Louisville, Ky., where he secured employment on a farm in that vicinity for about six months and then came to St. Louis, Mo. Remaining in that city but a short time, he came to the Iron Mountain region of Missouri, and there secured employment in the lead mines, where he remained for about two years. In 1855, he returned to the city of St. Louis, where he en- tered as an apprentice in a machine shop for the purpose of learning the trade of machin- ist. After thoroughly learning the trade he se- cured employment in St. Louis, where he re- mained until i860. In the latter year he re- signed and removed his residence to Bargetown, Ky., where he resided about one year and then ■ returned to St. Louis. Here, in March, 1861, he enlisted as a member of the Fifteenth Missouri Infantry, being assigned as a musician in the regimental band. In the fall of 1861 the regi- mental band was discharged, and, upon being mustered out of the service he again secured employment as a machinist and remained in St. Louis following that occupation until 1865, when he enlisted in the Ninth Regimental band of the regular army. He was first stationed at Omaha, where he remained until 1867, and then was transferred to Cheyenne, Wyo., sub- sequently being assigned to Fort Russell, in the same territory. Here he remained about thirty months, when his term, of service ex- pired, and he then accepted a position as man- ager of a hotel and roadhouse in the vicinity of Fort Russell, remaining in that connection for about five years. In 1875 ne disposed of his interest in the hotel, and, coming to the vicin- ity of the place where he now resides, located 764 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. his present ranch on the North Laramie River, about three miles west of Uva, Here he en- gaged in ranching and cattleraising, which he has continued to the present time, increasing his business from year to year, and gradually adding to his holdings of both land and cattle. He was one of the earliest pioneers of this section of the state, one of the first men to notice the superior advantages of this locality as a cattleraising section. His ranch was the second one located on the North Laramie River, and he has seen the country in every stage of its development from its original fron- tier and savage condition to its present improve- ment and civilization. He has been successful in his business undertakings, and is now counted one of the solid business men and property own- ers of that section of the country, being highly re- spected by all classes of his fellow citizens. In May, 1862, while a resident of St. Louis, Mr. Burger was united in the bonds of wedlock with Miss Mary Benner, a native of Germany, and the daughter of a highly respected citizen of St. Louis, to which city he had removed from his native Fatherland. To Mr. and Mrs. Burger have been born seven children, Joseph, William, Jacob, Clara, Bessie, Lillie and Emma. The oldest son, Joseph, is the owner of a ranch ad- joining his father's place, and he is also in the cattle business, and the family is held in high esteem. Politically, Mr. Burger has all his life been a stanch adherent of the Republican party, although he has never sought or desired political office. CHARLES EUGENE BURKE. There are not many forms of industrial ac- tivity in the wild life of the Great West with which Charles E. Burke, now a prosperous stock- man, twenty miles north of Kemmerer, Wyo., has not been personally identified, in all of them showing race persistency, courage and unremit- ting industry, winning success where many would have failed. He was born in Chicago, 111., in [859, the son of Patrick Henry Burke and his good wife Mary H. (Kelley) Burke. He knew but little of city life, however, for he was but three years old when the family home was trans- ferred to Nebraska. The father was a native of Boston, Mass., his father being also Patrick H. Burke, born in New York city and a son of Henry Burke, the Irish emigrant,' who located in New York during the war of 1812. All of his paternal ancestors being skilled blacksmiths, it was but a matter of course that our subject's father should also learn that trade, which he fol- lowed successively and successfully in Boston, Montreal and Chicago. He was a man of great force of character and of unbounded energy, the very man to make his mark in enduring charac- ters upon the plastic conditions of a new country. His first business in Nebraska was the erection of the first house built in Beatrice, and which is now standing. Subsequent to this he was en- gaged in conducting large freighting operations for the Federal government between Nebraska City and old Fort Kearney, in which capacity he owned and utilized three large outfits, two drawn by horses and one by oxen. While thus en- gaged, he started on August 22, 1865. with a sin- gle team to overtake his ox train and was sur- rounded and killed by a war party of Cheyennes and Sioux, being then seventy-five years of age. He was one of those broad, generous, whole- souled men whose death is a distinctive loss, not only to the family circle, but to the community and the state. His wife was born and married him in Canada, being the daughter of John and Catharine (Young) Kelley, whose early ancestors were of mingled French and Irish lineage. Her birth occurred in 1834, and she died in 1868, be- loved by all who knew her. Charles E. Burke attended the Nebraska schools until # he was eighteen years old and then engaged in farming for himself in Gage county, of that state, but he did not remain there long, removing thence to Colorado, where he was a successful pros- pector and miner in the gold fields. His advent t'i Wyoming was in 1881, and there for over twenty years he has been connected with the active development of the state and a factor in creating its prosperity. His first business was PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 7 6- : filling a stage and mail contract he had taken from the U. S. government for the route be- tween Green River and Fort Wankee, following this for a year, thereafter engaging in successful mining operations for two years, then passing a vear in thorough exploration of California, ending this travel in Nevada, where he con- ducted ranching for two years, returning then to Wyoming, and making a permanent location on the fork, where, by his homestead and desert claims, he has acquired a fine estate of 320 acres, and is profitably carrying on a stock business that is sure to eventuate in large herds of high- grade cattle under his wise and discriminating care and here he has developed a very pleasant home. His energetic nature brings him into close relations with public matters and he is active in his political party, and prominent in school matters. He now holds by election the office of justice of the peace and is considered one of the county's representative men. He was married in 1894 to Miss Florence Grace Hopkins, a daughter of John W. and Mary E. (McMahan) Hopkins, of Kansas, where she was born. They have two children, Florence and Frankie, who cheer and bless the home. FINCELIUS G. BURNETT. The subject of this sketch is the head farmer at the Shoshone Indian agency, and he is a man who has had a most interesting and varied career on the western frontier. He has seen Wyoming grow from the desert and the wilder- ness, inhabited only by wild beasts and savages, to a prosperous and progressive commonwealth, on its rapid course to become one of the leading states of the American Union. Born in April, 1844, Mr. Burnett is a native of the county of Lewis, Missouri, the son of Washington J. and Eliza (Fenley) Burnett, both natives of Ken- tucky. His father was one of the pioneer set- tlers of Missouri, having removed there from his native state when a young man. He long followed harness and saddlemaking, and was an extensive operator in that line of manufacture and merchandising. He was a man of local prom- inence in the community where he resided, taking an active part in public affairs, and was at one time the sheriff of Lewis county, Mo. He sub- sequently removed his residence to Texas, where he resided up to the time of his death, which occurred in 1896, at the age of seventy-seven years. The mother also passed away from earth in Texas, having there survived her husband until 1900, when she had also attained to the age of seventy-seven years. To this worthy pair were born nine children, Samuel, who was killed in battle while a soldier during the Civil War; George W., now a resident of Lewiston, Mo. ; Fincelius C, the subject of this sketch; the Rev. Richard H. H. Burnett, now a prominent min- ister of the Christian church, residing in Dallas, Texas ; Eugene D., now a leading business man of Austin, Texas; Minerva, who died in infancy; James G., now engaged in business at Ennis, Texas ; Margaret, now the wife of Mack Als- brook, also of Ennis, Texas ; Sarah, now the wife of George Higginbotham, of the same place. F. C. Burnett received his early education in the public schools of Missouri, and he subsequently attended for a short time the Christian University at Canton Mo, Upon the breaking out of the Civil War he enlisted in the Monticello Grays, C. S. A. The greater part of the army service in which he participated was on the border. Af- ter the termination of the war he came to Omaha, Neb., where, in 1865, he entered the employ of A. C. Leighton, and came with the Powder River expedition of General Connor against the Indi- ans. The expedition came as far as Fort Cas- per and was in service some eleven months. During that time they had many thrilling ex- periences and narrow escapes. In October, 1865, they were surrounded t>y the Indians above Al- kali Station on the South Platte River. It was generally reported that all the members of the party had been killed and the wagon train burned, but, while their condition was desperate, they being only sixty-three in number, and surrounded by more than 400 bloodthirsty Indians, their total loss was twenty-two, of whom seventeen were 766 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. Omaha scouts. During the engagement six sol- diers volunteered to break through the line of Indians and they started to go to the military station to notify its commanding officer of their peril and secure relief, but only one of the par- ty, a lieutenant, reached the destination, the oth- ers falling on the way. Relief finally came, and thereafter Mr. Burnett returned to Omaha and, later, to his home in Missouri. In 1866 he again came to Omaha and engaged again with Mr. Leighton, coming this time to Fort Phil Kear- ney. He was subsequently employed at Fort Connor, afterwards called Fort Reno, on the Powder River, which had been built by the troops on the first expedition, and at other military posts, In 1868 he came to the North Platte, where for a time he was engaged in contracting on the Union Pacific Railroad. In 1869 he came to South Pass, Wyo., and there worked in the mines until 1871, when he came to the valley where he now resides. He was associated with Doctor Irwin, and accepted the position of head farmer on the Shoshone reservation. He continued in this re- sponsible position for six years, and then individ- ually engaged in cattleraising, in which he met with considerable success. In 1896 he was again appointed head farmer on the reservation, in the duties of which he has continued to the present time. Prior to his entering the employ of the government, he was engaged in the jewelry busi- ness at Lander, Wyoming, but his place of busi- ness was destroyed by fire. Fraternally, he is affiliated with the Masonic order, being a mem- ber of Wyoming Lodge, No. 2, a Knight Tem- plar and a Royal Arch Mason. On March 2. 1870, Mr. Burnett was united in marriage at Atlantic City, Wyo., to Miss Eliza A. McCarty, a native of New York. Eight children have been born to them, James, now engaged in the cattle business in Montana; Frank, the first white child born in this valley, now married and residing in the Jackson Hole country of Wyoming; Mar- garet, the wife of William L. Simpson, a leading attorney of Lander; William, who is engaged in the jewelry business at Lander; F. C, a stock- man of Fremont county ; Eva"; Ida C. ; Lynn. The family are members of the Episcopal church, although Mr. Burnett is a member of the Chris- tian church. He is also one of the leading citi- zens of western Wyoming, and has been largely instrumental in bringing about the present civilized condition existing in that section of the state. Through many years his life on the frontier has been crowded with experiences of the greatest interest, and he is a type of the hardy, fearless, just and successful men who have created the great western country of today. He is held in high esteem by all classes of men with whom he has been associated during his long and useful life, both in private life and in official station. O. W. BURLEIGH. This representative citizen of Almy, Wyo- ming, comes from one of the oldest and proudest families of England, where the name stands high on the rolls of knightly, military and pro- fessional achievement. The first American an- cestor emigrated from England to the Massachu- setts Colony not many years after the landing of the Pilgrims at Plymouth, and representatives of the name are now found in nearly all of the states of the Union. Mr. Burleigh is a son of Ithiel and Sarah (Van Etten) Burleigh, and was born in Seneca county, N. Y., in 1848. The fa- ther, born in Connecticut in 181 8, learned the carpenter's trade and wrought at this in various locations, finally settling in the city of Corning, Steuben county, N. Y., where he now maintains his home. He is a son of John Burleigh, and his paternal ancestors gave faithful service in the early French and Indian Wars of New England and in the Revolution. Mrs. Sarah V. Burleigh was born in New York in 1821 and died in 1855, and lies buried in the beautiful cemetery at Corn- ing, N. Y. She was a member of the Presby- terian church and the mother of two children, O. W.. our subject, and Louisa, who died in 1875 an d is also buried at Corning. Samuel Van Etten, the maternal grandfather of Mr. Burleigh, was a native of New York and for his soldierly conduct in the American army of the Mexican PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 767 War, received a pension in his later years. The name is perpetuated in the village of Van Etten, lying on the border of Chemung and Tioga counties, N. Y. The early life of Mr. Burleigh was passed in attendance at the excellent public schools of his native state and still later in agri- cultural labors on a farm in western New York, he here attaining vigor and health, qualifying himself for the arduous life of a miner, in which so many of his subsequent years were passed. In 1875 he became identified with mining in the coal fields of Pennsylvania, and was profitably engaged therein until 1889, when he came to Almy, Wyo., and for five years was a miner here, then returning to Pennsylvania and its mining operations for a period of four years, when he again came to Almy, and he is now one of the popular citizens of that progressive town. Mr. Burleigh has been twice married. His first union was with Miss Ida Collins, at Corning, N. Y., in 1870. She was called from earth after a useful life of beneficent activity in 1892, leaving two children, Ithiel and Cecil. In 1899 occurred the marriage of Mr. Burleigh and Miss Mary Crompton, a native of Wyoming and a daughter of William and Hannah (Hobson) Crompton, of whom individual mention is made on other pages of this work. Mr. and Mrs. Burleigh have one child, an interesting lad, Glenn. GEORGE H. BURKHALTER. The popular and highly efficient president and general manager of the Opal Supply Co., whose name heads this article, is a native of Ohio and a son of Peter and Elizabeth (Fisher) Burkhalter, both parents being native of Ger- many. Peter Burkhalter was born near the city of Strasburg, province of Alsace, in 1834, the country at that time belonging to France. He was brought by his parents to the United States when young, the family settling in Muskingum county, Ohio. There he grew to maturity and married. Later in life he moved to Doniphan county, Kan., where he carried on a meat market until his retirement from business pursuits a few years ago. George H. Burkhalter himself was born in Taylorsville, Muskingum county, Ohio, on March 29, 1858, and, when a lad of nine years, he accompanied his parents to Kansas. His pre- liminary education, acquired in the common- schools of White Cloud, was supplemented by a full course of instruction at the University of Missouri, after which he engaged as clerk with a mercantile firm at White Cloud. Subsequently he opened a store of his own, which he conducted very successfully until 1899, when he disposed of his stock and came to Opal, Wyo. Here he was instrumental in organizing and incorporat- ing the Opal Supply Co., the object of the com- pany being to do a wholesale trade on an ex- tensive scale and furnish a base of merchandising supplies for neighboring towns and remote in- terior points, Mr Burkhalter, being the leading spirit in bringing about the organization, was elected president of the company, a position he still most capably holds. He is also the largest stockholder of the corporation and, in the ca- pacity of the chief executive and general mana- ger, he has increased the business to such mag- nitude that it is now one of the largest and most important enterprises of its kind in the state. The company carries a much larger stock of gen- eral merchandise than is found in many leading wholesale houses in metropolitan cities, and from the beginning, the trade, has grown in propor- tion, and extended in scope, until nearly all the outlying towns, within a radius of many miles, draw their supplies from this source. The man- agement of this extensive and far-reaching busi- ness calls for abilities of a very high order, and Mr. Burkhalter has fully met the requirement. By sound methods and careful control, supple- mented by close personal attention to details, he has won the unbounded confidence of all with whom he deals, and his prudent and eminentlv satisfactory course thus far insures the com- pany's future growth and prosperity. He is an intensely practical and far-seeing business man, considering well the end from the beginning, and laying his plans in harmony therewith. In matters of business policy, his judgment is sel- 768 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. clom at fault, while his capacity for large enter- prises has led him to venture, with every pros- pect of success, into undertakings before which the man of ordinary caliber would retire in de- feat. His life has been exceedingly busy, if not eventful, and, that his efforts have been crowned with a much greater measure of success than falls to the average man, his present enviable position in the commercial world abundantly tes- tifies. In his social relations, Mr. Burkhalter enjoys the esteem of all who know him. He takes a deep interest in the growth of his town and the development of the county's resources, and gives his influence and aid to all legitimate enterprises having these objects in view. He is regarded by his acquaintances as a genial neigh- bor, a sincere and loyal friend, and, as a citizen, his upright, manly conduct has won an abid- ing place in the confidence of the public. Mr. Burkhalter married at White Cloud, Kan., on July 22, 1883, with Miss Katie Farncrook, a daughter of W. H. and Matilda (Maquirken) Farncrook, of Pennsylvania, and they have these children, Paul, Ada, Dana and Catherine. JOHN C. BURNS. Enjoying distinctive prestige as one of the representative stockmen of Laramie county, and being equally prominent as a public spirited citi- zen, the subject of this review has achieved much more than local repute in the recent history of his section of Wyoming. John C. Burns is a southerner, hailing from Chattahoochee county, Georgia, where his birth occurred on April 12, 1 86 1. He is the son of John and Carrie (Fol- som) Burns, natives respectively of Scotland and of Georgia, the father coming to this coun- try a number of years ago, and settling in the latter state, where, for some years, he worked at hlacksmithing, but, in the early seventies, mi- grated to Texas, locating in the town of Tay- lor, where he is living at the present writing. Mrs. Burns departed this life in Georgia and was buried in the old Folsom cemetery in the county of Chattahoochee, where many of her an- cestors and immediate relatives have long been sleeping the sleep that knows no waking. When he was seventeen years of age, the immediate subject of this sketch entered upon an apprentice- ship with his father to learn blacksmithing and he remained in the latter's shop and employment at Taylor, Texas, for three years, meanwhile ap- plying himself diligently to the technical and special knowledge there to be acquired and be- coming a very efficient workman. After master- ing the trade he was hired by the Snyder Broth- ers to accompany their outfit to Wyoming and keep their horses well shod on the way. This task he performed to the satisfaction of his em- ployers, after which accomplishment he returned to Texas, where he did not long remain, going back to Wyoming in 1881 with the object in view of engaging in mining. After spending about one year prospecting and mining, with only fair results, Mr. Burns, in 1882, took charge of the blacksmithing department of the Wyo- ming Copper Co., and continued to act in that capacity until 1884, when he accepted a similar position in Colorado with the Colorado Copper Co. He remained in the latter state until August of the above year, when he severed his connec- tion with his employers and returned to Wyo- ming, then locating at Cheyenne, where he worked at his trade until the following fall. From Cheyenne he went to Hartville, where he spent the ensuing winter on assessment work in the mines and the next spring engaged with the Congress Cattle Co. After remaining with that company for two years, in the spring of 18S5. Mr. Burns- purchased of R. A. Proctor a ranch of 313 acres situated about four and one-half miles east of Guernsey, and turned his attention to cattleraising. From the beginning success appears to have crowned his efforts, for his ca- reer as a stockman, from that time to the pres- ent, has had few parallels in this section of the state. Additional to the above ranch, he has come into the ownership of other valuable lands at intervals, his holdings at this time amounting to over 1,800 acres, and he has also been obliged to lease a number of neighboring ranches in PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 769 order to accommodate and successfully carry on his large and constantly growing- business. Mr. Burns came to Wyoming with but little avail- able capital and the remarkable strides he has made presents a series of continued successes rarely equalled among cattlemen of the great West. His business career shows him to be the possessor of rare judgment, keen discrimination and a forethought, which enables him to calculate with exactness the outcome of his various tran- sactions. In the broadest sense of the term, he is a progressive man, and to him is the county of Laramie largely indebted for much of its business prosperity. Coming to this country, poor in purse, but endowed with an energy akin to gen- ius, he has overcome every obstacle calculated to impede or discourage, and has mounted, step by step, the ladder of success, until he now occupies a proud position in the business world, such as few, under similar circumstances would or could have achieved. What his hand finds to do, he does with all the might of his strong aggress- ive nature, and, carefully considering the end from the beginning, he is rarely at fault in his calculations and seldom, if ever, makes mistakes. He is decidedly a western man. Few men of the county have done as much to promote the general welfare of the West and to advance the standard of citizenship and none exceed him in the hold he has obtained upon the confidence and esteem of the public. He was happily mar- ried on March 28, 1894, to Miss Efne Robinson, a native of Virginia, whose parents, James M. and Lucie Robinson, are still living in that state. Mr. and Mrs. Burns have a pleasant and attract- ive home, brightened by the presence of two in- teresting children, Carrie and Carl B. Burns. JOSEPH H. BROWN. Joseph H. Brown, of near Otto, Wyoming, was one of the early pioneers of the state, com- ing hither in 1889, and has passed the whole of his life on the frontier at one place or another, enduring all its hardships, braving all its dangers, engaging in all phases of its strenuous activi- ties, and winning success from the most ob- durate and unpromising of its conditions. He has lived long and actively in Wyoming, and, by fidelity to every duty, readiness for every emergency, zealous support of every civilizing agency and wise counsel as a leader of thought and effort at every period of her history since he came to reside among her people, he has been of signal service in the development and progress of the state and in the advancement and im- provement of her best interests. He was born in New York City on March 28, 1864, but was not allowed to remain long in this center of social culture and intense commercial life. When he was quite young his parents, William and Mary Brown, removed with their young family to western Kansas, and there he grew to man- hood and received a very limited common-school education, being obliged by the circumstances of the family and the conditions of the section of country in which he lived to begin earning his own living at an early age. He secured his first regular employment as a range rider, in which he was engaged for a few years, and then began driving stage which he continued for a few years more. In 1880 he came to Wyoming, and after a short residence at South Pass, locat- ed at Lander. He was then but sixteen years of age, but a man in experience, force of character, self-reliance and capacity for work. From Lan- der he removed in 1889 to his present home, tak- ing up a homestead and purchasing adjoining land near the promising little town of Otto, and there he has since lived and built up one of the leading stock industries in this part of the coun- ty. He owns 480 acres of land and has 640 acres under lease. He has part of the land in an advanced state of cultivation, and the rest furnishes ample range for his cattle, of which he has usually about 200 head, all of good qual- ity and choice breeds. In the public affairs of the county he has ever been active and prominent, and is generally looked up to as one of the lead- ing citizens of his locality, who has and deserves the universal respect and esteem of the people. In fraternal relations he belongs to the Modern 77o PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. Woodmen of America. In 1891, in the state of Minnesota, he was married to Miss Kate Crox- all, a native of New York, but for the greater part of her life a resident of the West. Their children are Josephine L., Mary E. James D. FREDERICK SALATHE, PH. D. The youthful but progressive young state of Wyoming is fortunate in many ways, not the least one of these being the great number of men of acknowledged and conspicuous ability who have cast in their lots with her fortunes. Each calling, profession, vocation, that has its place in the wide range of the capabilities of the state has its representative men of the most dis- tinguished order, men of not only preeminent ability in their respective spheres of action but also possessed of sterling character, animated by high principles, considering the public good through able, well-directed personal endeavor. Among the most distinguished of the sons of the state, standing in the foremost rank of the world's great chemists, is Frederick Salathe, Ph.D., now of Casper, Wyo., whose distinctive talents and fame are bounded by no narrow horizon, but are known and honored by the most distinguished scientists of America and Europe. Doctor Salathe was born at Basle, Switzerland, on May 8, 1857, the son of H. and Dorthoy (Baerwart) Salathe, also natives of Basle. They trace their Huguenot ancestry to a residence in France in the time of the Moor- ish wars in the years immediately antecedent to the middle of the sixteenth century, where they stood in the full splendor of the grace, courtesy and other brilliant qualities then at- taching to the people of their faith, renowned alike as scholars, soldiers and lovers of country. The name was then spelled Saladdin, and the family enjoyed life in the sunny land of France until after the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes in 1685, when they were among the half-million of Protestants who fled to foreign countries, and locating in Basle, they soon be- came prominent as merchants and in civic life. The paternal grandfather was for long years the treasurer of the federal government of Switzerland, holding this office by repeated and consecutive elections until he resigned on his retirement from business. The father, also, was a successful merchant, and the originator of and the pioneer operator in the silk industry of Basle, which has attained such huge propor- tions and is now largely devoted to the manu- facture of silk ribbons. Owing to the high reputation he had acquired as the leader in this industry and on account of his high moral char- acter, business capacity and integrity, he was commmissioned by President Grant as U. S. consul at Basle, retaining the appointment dur- ing Grant's successive administrations. The Doctor's maternal uncle, Edward Baerwart, was one of the leading merchants of Rio Janeiro, Brazil, during the past generation, and his ex- tended mercantile operations (the wholesaling and importation of woolen goods) are now con- tinued by the Doctor's younger brother, Ed- ward. Receiving his preliminary educational training in the schools of Basle, Frederick Salathe supplemented this by an attendance at and a graduation from the Basle Industrial School, thereafter pursuing a full course of three years at the Federal Polytechnic School at Zurich, being graduated therefrom with the highest honors and acquiring thereby the ap- pointment of assistant director of the Chemical Technical Laboratory under, first, Herr Prof. E. Kopp and second, Prof. George Lunge, here remaining' two years, within which time he had prepared his thesis for submission to the fac- ulty of the University of Zurich upon the deriv- atives of dimethylaniline. for which he re- ceived the degree of Ph. D., after this the doc- tor invented the process by which aniline colors and dyes are manufactured from the refuse of petroleum oils. Applying for a patent in Swit- zerland, he came to this country to introduce his invention, and in 1879 he had suitable chem- ical works for his process erected in Titusville, Pa. These proved very successful under the doctor's supervision until the tariff on aniline products was largely reduced, the price of cer- tain necessary imported chemicals at the same PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 77 1 time being increased, and these changed finan- cial conditions caused the business to become unprofitable. Doctor Salathe was then employed as chief chemist of the Tidewater Oil Co., with headquarters at New York City, and introduced new processes of refining mineral oils, and from there was called to California by the Union Oil Co., with a salary of $10,000 and an interest in the plant to erect and conduct the first oil refinery operated in that state. Three years from this time his services were obtained by an English syndicate operating in Uvalda, Tex., to erect and put in operation a large plant for the refining of a natural asphaltic product, which the doctor named litho-carbon, and from which he produced various valuable commercial substances, useful in the manufacturing of arti- ficial rubber and insulators for electricity. Ac- complishing this labor the doctor established himself in Los Angeles, Calif., devoting his espe- cial attention to lubricating oils, paving asphalts and the installations for the use of fuel-oils in all branches of railroad work and other indus- tries, in this connection putting in the first oil.- burner used in a locomotive on the Santa Fe system, this being done on the California Southern Railroad, a branch of the Santa Fe. In 1897 Doctor Salathe was called to Wyoming to conduct the refining business of the Pennsyl- vania Oil & Gas Co., and in this he is largely interested and has here introduced the latest pro- cesses for the refining of the Salt Creek oil, which he claims to be the finest natural oil of the world, his claim being supported by such eminent -scientists as Redwood of London and others of equal reputation. The Doctor has also constructed the electric lighting plant of Casper and to his scientific skill the people are in- debted for the excellent light they are priv- ileged to enjoy, Mr. C. H. King being asso- ciated with him in this enterprise. Doctor Salathe has attained the Thirty-second degree of the Scottish Rite of Masonry, also is a Knight Templar and a member of the Royal Arcanum. In scientific circles his abilities have been ac- knowledged by his admission to numerous En- ropean scientific societies, general and special, 48 being the German member of the National Chemical Society of Berlin, and he also affil- iates with the American Society for the Ad- vancement of Science. The marriage ceremo- nies uniting Doctor Salathe and Miss Antionette Michaelis were solemnized on September 16, 1886. She is a native of New York City, where her father, Edward Michaelis, who was born in Hamburg, Germany, has long conducted a prominent real-estate agency. Their children are Frederick, now attending a preparatory school preliminary to entering a university ; Valerie, a student of the Casper high school ; Antionette and Edward. The family is one of the most popular in the community and its home is a center of attractive hospitality. JOSEPH H. CALL. Joseph H. Call, the leading furniture dealer at Afton and of a large surrounding country, is a native of Bountiful, Utah, where his life began on February 23, 1853. His parents were Anson Vasca and Charlotte (Holbrook) Call, the former a native of Ohio and the latter of New .York. The father crossed the plains to Utah with his parents in 1847 or 1848, and, when he grew to manhood, he taught as one of the early teachers of the first school opened in his native county of Davis, and also cultivated the soil. He died and was buried on the plains in Wyoming territory, on July 4, 1867, while returning from a mission to England. His wife preceded him to the Silent Land, having died at her home in 1866. Mr. Call was a man of prominence in the chuch, holding the office of high priest and other posi- tions of trust and responsibility. His father, Anson Call, grandfather of Joseph H., was also a farmer, prominent in public life as well as in church circles. He was a member of the Territor- ial Legislature of Utah for a number of years and held exalted position in the Mormon church, be- ing one of Brigham Young's most trusted advis- ers and an intimate associate of the prophet Jo- seph Smith, serving also as the bishop of his ward and as one of the members of the Stake presidency. He had fought in the War of 1812, 772 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. by his valor in the field well sustaining the family record, which runs back to 1620, when its first American progenitor landed in New England. Joseph H. Call was the third of the children of his father's family and got his education in the school of experience, under a hard but effective teacher. He began life's utilities for himself as a farmer and later learned his trade as a carpen- ter. He worked at his trade and furnished build- ing material by contract for some years, and, in 1888, he settled at Afton, and carried on the business of building and furnishing building ma- terial on an extensive scale. Himself and brother, Anson V. Call, to whom reference is made at length on another page of this work, furnished the material and built nearly all the houses in the town, including the opera house, of which he is the proprietor and in which is located his furniture establishment. Here he carries a large and well-assorted stock of house furnishings of every kind, and keeps it down-to-date with the best material and most approved designs. He was married at Salt Lake City on June 26, 1875, to Miss Isabelle Barrow, of Utah, a daughter of Israel and Lucy (Barlow) Barrow. Thev have had eleven children, of whom eight are liv- ing : Lois, married to Maurice Hale of Afton ; Lucy, married to Arthur Osmond of Afton ; and Jelette, Roland, Irene, Truman, Leone, Elenora and Gladys, still living at the parental home. CHARLES C. BURKHALTER. This representative farmer and stockman, who is now residing on Fontenelle Creek, Uinta county, Wyoming, thirty-two miles north and west from Opal, was born in Taylorsville, Mus- kingum county, Ohio, on September 9, 1864. Peter and Elizabeth (Fisher) Burkhalter, his parents; are respectively natives of Alsace, Ger- many, formerly a province of France, and of Ohio, and, at the present time, they reside in White Cloud, Kan., whither the family moved when Charles C. was about eighteen months old. The elder Burkhalter came to America in 1834, when a youth, and grew to manhood in Muskingum county, Ohio. For other infor- mation concerning the parents the reader is re- ferred to the sketch of his older brother, George H. Burkhalter, which appears elsewhere in these pages. Of the seven children constituting the family of Peter and Mrs. Elizabeth Burkhalter, Charles C. is the fourth in the order of succes- sion. Receiving a good education in the schools of White Cloud, he prepared himself for the practical duties of life by taking a course of bookkeeping in a business college at Omaha, Neb., after which he served as a clerk in his father's meat market until 1892. In that year he came to Wyoming and took up eighty acres of land on Fontenelle Creek for the purpose of en- gaging in sheepraising, which business he has since carried on with most gratifying financial re- sults. Extending the area of his ranch, he has greatly enlarged the magnitude of his enterprise, running all the way from 3,000 to 8,000 sheep, besides devoting attention to cattle and agricul- tural pursuits, in both of which his success has been commensurate with the efforts he has made to carry them on. In addition to his business af- fairs, Mr. Burkhalter finds time to attend to the claims which any community has upon its citi- zens, taking a lively interest in all matters per- taining to the material growth and development of the country, bearing his full part in questions of a public character. He is enterprising and progressive, possesses that energy and persever- ance which is ever characteristic of the men of the new West, and, by a straightforward manly course, he has now an enviable standing in the community where he resides. Possessing a pleas- ing address and affable manners, he knows how to win warm personal friendships, and his loyalty to those who have gained his confidence and good will, is unshaken in its strength and steadfastness. What he considers worth doing, he does with all the intensity of his strong nature, and, being of an optimistic turn of mind, he is always looking on the bright, instead of the dark, side of life. Like the majority of western men, Mr. Burkhal- ter is accustomed to take large views of men and things, and there is nothing contracted, nar- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 773 row or intolerant in his mental make-up. He has unbounded faith in the future prosperity of Wyo- ming and hesitates not to do everything within his power to promote the best interests of the state and its people. Mr. Burkhalter has a pleas- ant home, presided over with grace and womanly dignity by a companion eminently fitted to be the wife of a man of his position and sanguine temperament. She bore the maiden name of Myrtle Moore, and the ceremony, by which she was made Mrs. Burkhalter, was solemnized in White Cloud, Kan., on January 25, 1899. Mrs. Burkhalter is the daughter of Wiley and Melvine (Uts) Moore, and she has borne her husband one daughter, Elizabeth M. Burkhalter. MAJOR ROBERT CALVERLY. Range rider, buffalo hunter, a fearless civil officer and a brave military leader, whose services in the Spanish-American War and the Philip- pines have conferred honor and distinction upon him, Major Robert Calverly, of Cumberland, Wyoming, is a man whose memory should be per- petuated for the edification of all coming Amer- icans. He was born near Barnard, in Andrew county, Mo.,, a son of Henry and Mary (Wood- stock) Calverly, and was the eldest of their six children, of whom five are now living. His par- ents both died before he was ten years old, and as a mere lad he commenced the battle of life, sin- gle-handed and alone, and well has he conducted himself in the action. He early made his way to Texas and went to herding cattle and horses on the range, from 1872 to 1889, in this vocation, traveling extensively through Texas, Montana, Indian Territory, Arizona, New Mexico and Ne- braska, stopping to hunt buffalo for two years in Montana, then coming in 1884 from Montana to Wyoming, his first employment here being in charge of a cattle ranch for Judge Carter of Fort Bridger. This he successfully and satisfac- torily conducted for several years, then made a trip to Portland, Ore., and on to Puget Sound, soon, however, returning to this state, where he run the pumps at Almy for a time, but later was an efficient steward of the State Insane Asylum at Evanston, under Doctor Hocker. Then he became the city marshal of Evanston for a year ; by his strict and able service in this office win- ning reputation, and being chosen by Sheriff Ward of Uinta county as his deputy, in which responsible and, at times dangerous office he served with capability until 1898. In this incum- bency he had numerous adventures and some thrilling experiences. One of his exploits was the capture of the noted road agent and bank robber, George, or "Butch," Cassidy. While in this service there came the summons to war, and Mr. Calverly organized a troop of cavalry in Evanston in 1898, of which he was elected cap- tain, and with it he was mustered into the U. S. service as one of the companies of Colonel Tor- rey's regiment of "Rough Riders." His qualifi- cations for military life and command were so pronounced that when the regiment reached Cheyenne he was commissioned as major. The regiment served in Florida until its muster-out at Panama Park, Fla., on October 24, 1898, when Major Calverly returned to Evanston and re- sumed his duties as deputy sheriff until 1899, then being commissioned as captain of Co. I, Thirty-fourth U. S. Infantry, which he accepted and went with his company to the Philippines, where it was in active service in many sanguinary encounters with the natives, campaigning over much of the Island of Luzon in the pursuit of Aguinaldo, and participating, among others, in the battles of Mont Corona and Samatbaa un- der General Funston, and of Penarando, Calios, Santa Cruz and Gapan. He won credit as a brave and efficient officer, sharing the inconven- iences of field life with the soldiers until, after a wearying and exhaustive service of fourteen months, he was prostrated by paralysis, which so affected him as to necessitate his discharge from service. He returned to Wyoming, and, in the spring of 1902 made his residence in Cumber- land. In politics the Major has ever done good service in his party's interests. Fraternally, he is a valued member of the Evanston lodge of United Workmen. On April 30, 1889, at Evans- 774 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. ton, Wyo., occurred the wedding nuptials of the gallant major and Miss Annie Sessions, a daugh- ter of Brighton and Mary (Yeager) Sessions, natives of Pennsylvania and long residents of Park City, Utah. Her father was one of the early Mormon emigrants to Utah, and, after a life of useful activity, he now rests from his la- bors in the soil of the Promised Land. Four children have been born to Major and Mrs. Cal- verly, Arthur; Frances, died when six years of age and was buried in Evanston ; Alice ; Flor- ence, died in infancy, and buried in Evanston. JOHN A. CANFIELD. The first twenty-one years of the life which forms the subject of this brief review were passed at Cleveland, Ohio, where Mr. Canfield was born on November 23, 1840. From long lines of dis- tinguished ancestry he inherited a love of ad- venture and an intense and patriotic devotion to his country. And, in his day and generation, he has borne the brunt of battle on many fields of strife and carnage among men, as well as in the no less strenuous, if less dangerous and fatal, fields of conquest over the savage and opposing forces of untamed nature, as his forefathers did in theirs. His parents were Alexander and Eliz- abeth (Scott) Canfield, the former a native of Massachusetts and the latter of Virginia. The. father belonged to a family long prominent in the local annals of New England, and the mother was a sister of Gen. Winfield Scott. Their son, John A. Canfield, was reared and educated in his native state, and, on June 17, 1861, obeying the first call of his country to defend the integ- rity of the Union against armed opposition, he enlisted in Co. I of the Seventh Ohio Infantry under Col. A. J. Smith. At the end of his term of enlistment he reenlisted in the Tenth Ohio Cavalry under Colonel Kilpatrick, and in this command he remained until the close of the war, being mustered out of the service on June 17, 1865, as first sergeant, just four years from the day on which he entered the army as a private. He was during most of the war engaged in active field work, participating in many of the most sanguinary and memorable battles of the con- flict. He was taken prisoner at Corinth, for months suffered all the hardships of Ander- sonville and Libby prisons, was wounded at Re- saca, and, before he was fully recovered from his disability, was again in the field, thereafter never missing the most exacting requirements of his command until the last Confederate flag went down in everlasting defeat. After the war he returned to his Ohio home, whence, after a short time, he came to Wyoming, in 1866, and halted at South Pass, where he engaged in mining for a time. From there he went to Salt Lake City and wintered, returning to South Pass in 1868. After that he mined and prospected at various places in Nevada, California and Oregon, and at the time of the Wood River excitement moved into Idaho, where he took up a ranch and fol- lowed farming and freighting until 1893. He then sold his Idaho interests and came to Wyo- ming a third time. He first settled on the Big- horn River and remained there until 1896, when he moved to his present location, in the vicinity of Burlington, where from that time he has been conducting a prosperous business in the raising of stock and in farming. His farm is a fine and well-improved body of 160 acres of excellent land, where he produces large numbers of well-bred cattle and high-grade horses. He also takes an active and serviceable interest in local public af- fairs, and has done much to establish the political institutions of his county and preserve law and order. In the early period of the county's ex- istence for four years he served as justice of the peace, and, with admirable zeal for the wel- fare of the new organization, he went as a dele- gate to its first Republican count)' convention and belped to make the party ticket. Mr. Canfield's first marriage was to Miss Alice Johnson, of Utah, and occurred in that territory in 1872. She died in Utah, leaving five children; John, now a resident of Idaho ; James, an ensign in the U. S. navy, who was with Admiral Dewey at the battle of Manilla; Jacob, also in the navy, serving on the battleship Oregon ; Ella and Emma. The sec- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 775 ond marriage was to Miss Martha Mcintosh, a native of Pennsylvania, and occurred at Oak- ley, Idaho, on November 26, 1892. They have ten children : William, Mary, Stella. Frank, George, Theodore, Harrison and Morton, twins, and Emma and Lucretia. Mr. Canfield is a val- ued member of the Grand Army of the Republic, and a highly esteemed citizen. THOMAS CANNON. The cleanest and best furnished meat market and butcher shop in Rawlins is that owned and conducted by Thomas Cannon, who was born on March 7, 1832, in Yorkshire, England, a son of John and Margaret (Lambert) Cannon. John, the father, was born in the same shire in 1805, and in early manhood was a Methodist minister, a calling he followed a number of years before he became a butcher, which line of business he assumed in order to add to his income. He came to the United States in 1879 an d settled in New York state, where he still continued to follow both vocations until 1879, when he was called to his eternal home, his remains being interred at the cemetery at Niagara Falls. Thomas Cannon, the father of John, was a farmer of Yorkshire, and died in his native country. Mrs. Margaret (Lambert) Cannon, also a native of Yorkshire, was born in 1804. She was married in her na- tive country, and died in 1895, a prominent church member. Her father, William Lambert, came with his family to the United States in 1830 and settled in Illinois, where he followed agricultural pursuits until his death. Thomas Cannon was reared and educated in New York state, where he learned butchering, and at the age of twenty-one years began the business on his own account. This trade he followed about ten years in the Empire state and, in 1861, went to Illinois and carried on the same business at Jacksonville for thirty years. In 1891 he came to Rawlins, Wyo., and opened the shop which he still carries on and which is the best-kept and is the most popular in the city. Mr. Cannon was united in marriage at Niagara Falls, in 185 1, with Miss Helen O'Connell, who was born in 1 83 1. To this prolific and happy union have been born nine children, Charlotte, married to John Irwing of Rawlins ; Thomas ; Ellen, now Mrs. McMicker, of Rawlins ; Lida, now Mrs. Seabon, of Jacksonville, 111. ; William ; Annie, now Mrs. Eastwood, of Illinois ; Amabel, single ; Isabella, now Mrs. Blydenberg, of Rawlins, and Stella, now Mrs. Boham, of Illinois. Mr. Cannon has built up a fine reputation in his line of trade in Rawlins and is enjoying the cream of public patronage in the retail business, and he certainly deserves it, as no other person in the section has had so long an experience in the handling of meats especially prepared for table use. AMOS M. CANTLEY. The adventurous spirit which he inherited from a long line of pioneer ancestors, and the enjoyment he has ever found in the wild free- dom of the frontier, has kept Amos N. Cantley, of Crook county, Wyoming, all of his life on the edge of civilization, his present residence being in the most thickly populated country in which he has ever lived. In his career of wide and varied experience he has had many thrilling ad- ventures, many hairbreadth escapes from wild beasts and savage men, many sudden calls to high daring and lofty endeavor, and many tests of his endurance, resourcefulness and self-reli- ance. He is a native of New Haven, Mo., where he was born on October 20, 1850, the son of John L. and Elizabeth (Miller) Cantley, who were also born and reared in that state of and- by par- ents who were among its first settlers. When twenty-one years of age his father took up a homestead two miles from his birthplace and has lived on it continuously since that time. When he was twenty-two years old he married and both himself and wife are still living, he being eighty- nine and she eighty-six years old, and both hale and hearty. Their family consists of five chil- dren, of whom Amos is the only son. He was sent to school in his native county until he was thirteen and then went to Texas with an uncle, 7 6 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. who left him with his family at Gainesville while he went to another part of the state to look up a suitable location for a homestead. The lad was bold and hardy, and chafed under the restraint of his situation, and within a week after his ar- rival at Gainesville he ran away from his new home and took a position on a ranch to learn the cattle business. From his childhood he was fond of horses and readily took to the life of a cowboy, in which he found congenial employment and just the excitement he craved. Often during the years of his minority the pleasures, toil and tedium of his life were relieved by contests with the Indians, who were nearly always hostile. Once with a companion he was attacked by a party of the savages superior in numbers, but while his companion was killed, he escaped un- hurt, having, however, a hard ride for safety. He remained in Texas until 1868, then went to New Mexico and spent a year on the range in that territory. He next appeared in Colorado, near Denver, which was then a small town. All over that state he rode the range and conducted vari- ous enterprises until 1882, when he was elected sheriff of Elbert county. He was reelected in 1884 but resigned before the expiration of his term. The country was unsettled, men were desperate and continual nerve and vigilance were required in the administration of his office. On one occasion, when arresting outlaws, he was shot through the arm. The wound made him a cripple for life and frequently gives him trouble now. In August, 1884, he came to Wyoming with a large band of horses which he had bought in Colorado. He kept them the first year on the North Powder River, near his present ranch, and, finding the country inviting and full of promise, in 1885 he took up the ranch on which he now lives, on Wildcat Creek, twenty-five miles north- west of Gillette, and here continued to' raise horses until T898. In that year he sold the most of his horses, and bought cattle, and since then has been actively engaged in raising cattle. He is one of the oldest settlers in his part of the state, and has seen it advance from a wild and lonely region to its present vigor and activity of life, fruitfulness and progress, and he has well done his part towards the result. He is a typical westerner, whose bachelor home is ev- erybody's home who drops in there. In poli- tics he is a Republican. THOMAS B. CARNAHAN. An active and successful man of affairs, a public official of courtesy and ability, having a broad acquaintanceship with all classes of peo- ple in numerous parts of the Great West, Thomas B. Carnahan is now a prosperous dealer in fur- niture at Cumberland, Uinta county, Wyoming, and also the highly popular postmaster of that town. He was born in Marshall county Pa., on March 17, 1854, a son of Thomas and Sarah (Moore) Carnahan, both of whom were born in Pennsylvania, of Irish descent on the father's side and of English on the mother's, the father be- ing the son of Adam and Margaret (Robinson) Carnahan, of Westmoreland county. Pa., where their emigrant ancestors had located in the time of William Penn, and where they had furnished gallant soldiers for the Revolutionary Army and the War of 1812, members also participating in the Great War of 1861. Thomas B. Carnahan was the third in order of birth of the five chil- dren of his parents, all of whom being boys, and, after exhausting the educational supply of the public schools, he supplemented the instruction he there received by effective attendance at the ex- cellent academy of Lebanon, Pa., acquiring a solid basis for the added knowledge later coming to him from his wide experience in life. Re- maining in his native state until 1884. and learn- ing carpentry, he proceeded to Nebraska and . there followed his trade and was a dealer in lime. In 1885 he took up a ranch comprising the site of the present lively city of Holyoke, Colo., which he eventually sold to the B. & M. Co. Prom 1804 to [896, inclusive, he was a contractor and builder in Kansas, in the latter year coining to Kemmerer, Wyo., when the city had just been created, and he soon was busily and profitably occupied in real-estate and building operations. PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 777 being also elected to the office of city councilor, holding this responsible position with great ac- ceptability until 1901, when, removing to Cum- berland, he there established a furniture busi- ness, which is rapidly increasing in trade. On October 22, 1901, Mr. Carnahan was commis- sioned postmaster, and his satisfactory manage- ment of its affairs has met with decided public approbation, the receipts of the office showing a large increase and advancing to a high rank in the fourth class. In public matters he has ever been greatly interested, giving largely of his time and money to aid the campaigns of his party, al- though in no sense is he a seeker or a striver for nominations to any office. He, however, has very capably served as notary public in Nebraska, Colorado and Wyoming, holding the office at the present writing. Mr. Carnahan is held in high esteem in the order of United Workmen, being one of its oldest members in the state and occu- pying various positions of prominence in the fra- ternity. On March 17, 1875, in Pennsylvania, occurred the nuptial rites of Mr. Carnahan and Miss Hattie Scrivens, a daughter of Benjamin and Susan (Ferguson) Scrivens, both being na- tives of Pennsylvania and of Holland and Scot- tish ancestry. The children of Mr. Carnahan are Charles, Susie and Sadie (twins), Susie being the wife of Charles Walker, of Huntingdon, Ore.. James, deceased; Henry, Merrill and Ruby. EDWARD CARRUTHERS. Ohio was ■ settled by a hardy and determined people, and has well maintained the character those sturdy pioneers gave her, for she has given to the settlement of the Northwest many of its best elements of citizenship and also much of its most tense and enduring fiber in the army of conquest, which has subdued it for the uses of man, and is now enlarging its power and mul- tiplying its forces for good. From this state came Edward Carruthers, who was born on Oc- tober 2, 1862, the son of Robert and Martha (Breahman) Carruthers, also natives of that state. When he was four years old the family removed to Kansas, and there he remained until he was sixteen, when, wishing to make his own way in the world and seek his own opportunity for advancement, he left the paternal roof and went to Colorado, where he rode the range for a time, then proceeded to Utah, and from there came to Wyoming, a pioneer in 1882, locating in Johnson county. On the fertile plains of the Powder River section for three years he rode the range and found the life invigorating and decidedly a pleasant one, and, thus imbued with the spirit of the stock industry, having by expe- rience of length and value acquired a full knowl- edge of it in every detail, in 1885 he came to the Bighorn basin and took up his .residence where he now lives, settling on a homestead, which his skill and labors have transformed into a beautiful and well-improved ranch, now increased to 360 acres by subsequent addition. He has a herd of 225 superior cattle, for whose com- fort and proper maintenance he has made due pro- vision in barns, sheds and other outbuildings, as he has. for the good breed of horses he also han- dles in moderate numbers. He was married at Hyattville, Wyoming, in 1888, to Miss Jennie Hatten, a native of Ohio, and they have three children, John, Alvin and Edna. ELMER E. CHATFIELD. * Elmer E. Chatfield, one of the prosperous and progressive stockmen and farmers of Bighorn county, is a native of Colorado, where he was born on June 8, 1863. His parents were Isaac W. and Eliza (Harrington) Chatfield, the former a natives of Illinois, and the latter of Missouri. When but a small boy he sold papers in Denver, working eagerly and industriously, cherishing al- ways the expectation of some day being a man of consequence and standing in his community, ever bending his energies to that result. Mean- while his father was rising into prominence as a cattleman, and he now occupies a leading place in the great cattle industry, having his headquar- ters at Denver. He has also been prominent in other lines, having served as the mayor of Aspen, 77 8 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. Colo., and later as a member of the State Sen- ate. In all the lines of his activity he has ex- hibited superior capacity, and borne himself in a masterly manner. This characteristic his son inherits, being equal to every emergency that confronts him, making the best of his situation all the time. He came to Wyoming in 1894, bought the ranch on which he now lives, and at once engaged earnestly in the stock business. His ranch comprises 520 acres of fine land, it is well- improved as to buildings, complete in equipment for its purposes, skillfully cultivated in such parts as are put into crops. He owns 400 Shorthorn cattle of superior quality and a band of fine graded horses. Notwithstanding his exacting and extensive duties on the ranch and in his cat- tle business, Mr. Chatfield finds- time to aid in the development of the community and in secur- ing the conveniences of modern life for its people. He was one of the projectors of the telephone line into Tensleep, being now the treasurer of the lo- cal company. He was united in marriage with Miss Delia Chatfield, a native of Nebraska, the nuptials being solemnized at Ogden, Utah, on September 18, 1892. They have four children, Helen, Marian, Savilla and Andrew, whose father is a wide-awake, enterprising citizen, whose in- fluence has always been given on the side of progress and improvement in his community, and whose life has ever been an example and an in- citement to others. He is modest in assumption, but tenacious of conviction, possessing a clear- ness of vision, firmness of purpose, generosity of feeling and a commendable public spirit. JOHN W. CHAPMAN. Having accumulated a bountiful share of this world's goods by his own energy and thrift, and secured a high place in the esteem of his fellow men through his sterling character, public spirit, generosity of disposition and pleasing manners, having a highly improved and productive ranch in Bighorn county, and an attractive winter resi- dence at Red Lodge, Montana, possessing finan- cial and commercial interests of magnitude and importance enough to engage the time not occu- pied with his stock industry, the life of John W. Chapman is an eminently useful and fruitful one. for his example is inspiring and helpful, his career instructive and suggestive, and his personal com- fort and happiness seem well assured. He il- lustrates in his achievements and in the record he has made, how plastic the conditions of life are in this western world, and how easy it is for thrift, enterprise, shrewdness and application to here mold a shapely destiny out of an}' cir- cumstances that fate may furnish. Mr. Chap- man is a pioneer of 1880 in Wyoming, and since that time he has lived and worked among her people. He was born at Springfield, Illinois, on June 15, 1850, the son of William and Arta Chapman, both natives of Illinois. When he was nine months old his father died and his mother removed with her young family to Douglas coun- ty, Ore., and when he was fourteen years of age they took another flight, locating in the Sac- ramento valley of California. After a few years Mr. Chapman thence returned to Oregon, and was engaged in the stock business in Harney county for others awhile and then for himselt. He took up a ranch on Tourque River, and was prospering finely, when the hard winter of 1879 killed all of his cattle. He then sold his ranch, and, in 1880, came to Bighorn county, Wyo., and. settling near Heart Mountain, began another stock industry, which he has ever since prosper- ously conducted. He has over 800 acres of land, where he handles horses, cattle and sheep, his herd of cattle consisting of more than 300 thor- oughbred Herefords. He also has extensive interests in several lines of commercial activ- ity in Montana. He is a banker at Red Lodge, there also having- a hardware store and a lum- ber yard. His interests in the Wood River mines are extensive and valuable. There is scarcely an)- enterprise in this part of the country, in which invested capital and productive enterprise can be made profitable and serviceable to the community, that he is not connected with in .some influential and helpful way, and in fraternal relations he belongs to the Order of Elks. He PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 779 was married in 1885, in Douglas county, Ore., to Miss Orphia Chapman, a native of that state. Mrs. Chapman passes the greater part of her time at their very pleasant home at Red Lodge, where Mr. Chapman may also be found, except when business calls him to the ranch. He is a typical frontiersman, having all of the best char- acteristics of that fast-fading personage, and all of his adaptability to circumstances, whether they be those of the wild life of the frontier or the blandishments of an advanced civilization. He has had experience in both, and in both has borne himself creditably, successfully, agreeably. Tried by both extremes of fortune he has never been subdued bv either, and in the Nez Perces, Modoc and Piute Indian Wars he saw arduous and dan- gerous service. In the settled conditions and pro- gressive civilization of this latter day, he bears a leading part with the same unwavering stead- fastness, readiness and masterful spirit that sus- tained him in times of hardship and peril. FRED P. CARR. Amid the everlasting granite hills of New Hampshire, where he was born in August, 1857, and where he passed the first sixteen years of his life, Fred P. Carr, a well-to-do and progressive stockraiser of Bighorn county, with headquarters at Hyattville, learned the lessons of frugality and thrift which have distinguished him in the state of his adoption, and which have not only enabled him to gather a competence for himself, but to materially assist in building up the locality in which he lives and developing its natural re- sources. His parents were Fred and Lucretia (Marston) Carr, also natives of New Hampshire, who in that state conducted a farm on which their son grew to the age of sixteen and in the vicin- ity of which he received his education in the pub- lic schools and attending Grafton College for one year. When he was sixteen he went to New York city for the purpose of engaging in business for himself, and lived there a number of years, dealing in horses. In 1888 he left all the blandishments of civilized life and the attractions of the great metropolis to seek wider opportuni- ties and more fruitful fields for his particular lines of enterprise in the Great Northwest. He came to Wyoming and located on the ranch which lie now owns and occupies, and on which he con- ducts a flourishing stock business, with 400 fine horses and a herd of good cattle. The ranch com- prises 420 acres of excellent land, well located for the business and well adapted thereto, and what is under cultivation has been made very pro- ductive by careful and skillful husbandry. It is well improved with good buildings and fences, and is recognized as one of the desirable and at- tractive places in this section, of which there, are many of that kind. In fraternal relations Mr. Carr is connected with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and has been a useful member of his lodge in the order for many years. On Jan- uary 29, 1897 he was married to Miss Isa B. George, a native of Muskingum county, Ohio. For more than fifteen years identified with the the history and development of Bighorn coun- ty, and in that time contributing his due share to the results which are so gratifying- on every hand as evidences of progress, Mr, Carr can be re- garded as one of the representative and most useful citizens of the portion of the state to which he belongs. When he settled in this neighbor- hood it was almost a primeval waste, and since then it has become the home of an industrious, prosperous and progressive people, multiplying human happiness, adding to the comforts and possessions of mankind, and showing forth in pleasing abundance and variety the results of the wise and energetic labors of the progressive men and patriotic women of Wyoming. HON. HIRAM D. CLARK. Hon. Hiram D. Clark, now of Star Valley, Uinta county, was born at Farmington, Davis county, Utah, on February 13, 1856, his parents, Ezra T. and Mary (Stevenson) Clark, who de- scended from old Colonial New England stock, having come to that place from their Ohio home in 1848. The father was a native of Ohio and the mother, of an English ancestry, was born at Gibraltar, Spain. Ezra T. Clark was a pros- 78o PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. perous farmer, stockgrower and banker at Farm- ing-ton, took an active part in the government of the county in which he lived, served there as county treasurer for a number of years and had a potential influence on local public affairs. In the church he was a high counsellor and pa- triarch. He was twice married, having eleven children by the first marriage and ten by the second. He died at Farmington in 1901, aged seventy-seven years, and was laid to rest with every demonstration of popular esteem amid the scenes he had hallowed by his useful labors and inspiring example of good citizenship. His wid- ow, the mother of Hiram, still resides in Farm- ington and is universally esteemed. Hiram D. Clark was the sixth child of his parents. He was educated in the public schools and at the University of Deseret, now the University of Utah, at Salt Lake City, and, after leaving his school, he entered upon the pursuit the family had followed for generations, farming, carrying it on in his native state until 1880, when he re- moved to Idaho, whence, after seven years of Ida- ho ranching having a varying success, he came to Wyoming in the spring of 1888, and has con- tinued farming and stockgrowing ever since. His large herd of cattle consists almost entirely of graded Durhams, and his farm of 960 acres is one of the best and most highly improved stock farms in this valley. His residence is the finest framed house in this part of the count}-, and is supplied with every available modern convenience. He al-so owns much property of value in Utah, and is looked upon as one of the leading citizens of the county, and his counsel is freely sought by all classes of the people. As a county commissioner he has served his people materially and wisely, and has thereby won general commendation in an office, which is one of the most difficult of admin- istration, as well as one of the most important, in the gift of the citizens. He has also acted as trustee of his district for a number of years, and in tli is position also, has given general satisfac- tion. In his church, that of the Latter Day Saints, he is the Sunday-school superintendent and a member of the bishopric. Mr. Clark con- tracted his marriage with Miss Anna E. Porter at Salt Lake City, Utah, on November 11, 1880. She was born and reared in Utah, a daughter of Alma and Minerva (Dent) Porter, who came to Utah in 1848. The Porters trace their Ameri- can ancestry back to Colonial times, they hav- ing been early settlers in Pennsylvania. The fruit of this marriage is ten children, all living : Eliza A., Mary M., Hiram D., Jr., Heber D., Edna, Alma P., Rachel, Rhoda, Rosel E., Zula. HON. CHARLES D. CAZIER. No roster of Wyoming's progressive men, not even a partial one, would be complete without an honorable mention of Hon. Charles D. Cazier, one of the foremost citizens of Uinta county, who has a well-improved and highly-cultivated farm adjoining the town of Afton, where he exempli- fies, from day to day, fidelity to duty, earnest in- terest in the affairs of the community which he was one of the first to form, active and prudent zeal in commercial enterprise and exalted devo- tion to the welfare of his church. Mr. Cazier was born in Kentucky, on January 21, 1837, the son of William and Pleasant (Drake) Cazier, na- tives of Virginia, who both descended from old Colonial families that bore their part courage- ously in all the struggles of their country and section, whether on the field of battle or in the arduous but productive pursuits of peace. The father was a cooper by trade and worked at that craft and also farmed in Kentucky for years, then removed to Iowa, and from there, in 185 1, to L T tah, where he died in 1878, aged seventy-eight years, the mother having passed away in Iowa in 1840. The family consisted of ten children, of v\ horn Charles was the ninth. Only four are liv- ing, three sons and one daughter. To Charles D. Cazier fate denied the advantage of a scholastic education gathered in the schoolroom, but well supplied the deficiency by thorough teaching in the hard but effective school of experience. When he was but fourteen he encountered the daily peril and nightly apprehension, the hardships, the privations and the wearying toil of a journey PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 781 across the plains with his parents, making the trip by means of oxteams. And on his arrival in the land of their chosen residence he was at once obliged to take his place as a workman on the farm to aid in subduing the wilderness to which they had come, and give of his best endeav- ors in making it fruitful. He continued farm- ing in Utah until 1879, when he removed to Idaho, thence, in 1880, he came to Wyoming, but soon returned to Idaho, where he remained until he came again to Wyoming, with the intention of remaining, and, taking up a place adjoining the then unpeopled site of Afton, began to improve it and build it into a home. He was one of the first nine householders to settle in the valley, and he has contributed his full share to the inspiration and the work necessary to make the lonely and uninhabited region, in which they first pitched their tents, the populous, progressive, highly im- proved and well-developed section it has become. His home is one of the choice ones of the valley, and all that there is appertaining to it of comfort, convenience and artistic adornment, is the result of his industry, enterprise, intelligent husbandry and judicious taste. His excellent judgment and store of worldly wisdom have won him the con- fidence of his people, and, in 1880, he was ap- pointed postmaster at Afton, being the first offi- cial of that class in the valley. In 1894 he was elected to the State Senate from his county and made a creditable record in the Legislature. In church affairs he has been active from his early manhood. He was the first bishop in the Mor- mon church of all this country, and held this of- fice for a number of years. He is at present (1902) the president of the high priests' quorum and patriarch of the stake. To the duties of these responsible and important positions he gives the most careful and conscientious attention. On June 12, 1858, in Utah, he married with Miss Harriet Gates, a native of Michigan and a daugh- ter of Samuel and Lydia (Downer) Gates, the former born in New York and the latter in Ver- mont. Twelve children, six sons and six daugh- ters, have blessed their union, but only six are now living. These are : Charles, William, Sam- uel and George, all married and living in Uinta county ; Sarah E., now the wife of Charles C. Leavitt, of Afton; and Willard O., who. is still one of the parental household. Those deceased are : Lydia, Margaret and Evelyn, the latter of whom died at Nephi, Utah, in infancy ; Harriet, former wife of A. B. Call, of Mexico, who died in that country at the age of twenty-two years, leaving- one child ; Miranda ; Artello, who died in Idaho in childhood. Mr. Cazier's life has not been one of entire calm, for he saw dangerous service in all the early Indian wars of this sec- tion, and for years, like others of the people, car- ried his life in his hands from day to day. Many times he was in desperate situations, many times he narrowly escaped a cruel death at the hands of hostile savages, many times he was compelled to endure great privations from hunger, thirst and from exposure to the fury of the inclement ele- ments. Through all these vicissitudes, as through his periods of enjoyment, he bore himself bravely, even cheerfully, and now finds that the recollec- lection of trials past but sweetens the enjoyment of rest and comfort thereby secured. HARRY D. CLARK. Holding a position of responsibility and dis- tinguished trust in the company's store at Rock Springs, Harry D. Clark, although comparatively a young man, ranks as one of the leading business men of this section. He possesses calm and sober judgment, great and rapid powers of investiga- tion and calculation, and is especially noted for his energy, enterprise, shrewdness and integrity. In business circles he has a high reputation for sagacity and ability. He was born in Chicago, 111., on April 12, 1877, being a son of Dealton A. and Mary A. (Baker) Clark. For the ances- try and very interesting family history see the sketch of Charles F. Clark, appearing in another portion of this work. Harry D. Clark received his literary education in the public schools of Rock Springs, following this by a full course in the State University at Laramie, Wyo., from which institution he was duly graduated with 782 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. honors. Immediately following this he estab- lished a jewelry and drugstore at Rock Springs, and in these mercantile lines was profitably en- gaged for five years. Sufficient financial induce- ment being offered him, however, he relinquished merchandising and took a position as bookkeeper in the company's store at Rock Springs, acquir- ing, in his five-years' service in this capacity, a thorough knowledge of all details, methods and principles of commercial life, as exemplified in the mercantile operations of this store. Having given the fullest satisfaction in the discharge of his duties as bookkeeper, his appreciative employ- ers advanced him to be the head bookkeeper of their Spring Valley store. Here he has since been engaged, and he has, by his diligent atten- tion to business, his devotion to the interests of his employers and his indefatigable efforts, made for himself an enviable reputation. On May 16, 1898, at Rock Springs, Wyoming, occurred the marriage of Mr. Clark to Miss Annie Kellogg, a daughter of George and Martha (Garrett) Kel- logg, whose parents were natives of England, and early emigrants to Wyoming, where, after the death 'of her father, her mother became the wife of George Biscom, and now maintains her home at Rock Springs. Mr. and Mrs. Clark have one child, Harry. Mr. Clark is ever mindful of his duties as a citizen of the state and nation, and acts with earnestness in accord with the princi- ples of the Republican party, to which he gives loyal support although not looking for political rewards, office or emoluments. Fraternally, he is affiliated with the Ancient Order of United Workmen, and is at present the master workman of the local lodge. In religion he is a devout and conscientious member of the Congregational church, with whose activities and beneficence he is actively connected. Mr. Clark is thoroughly loyal to his numerous friends and his winning personal magnetism has made him stanch ones all along life's pathway. He enjoys to an un- usual degree the confidence of the better portion of the community and is one of the elements of support of the leading social activities of societv. He is ever liberal in his contributions to public, charitable and religious objects, and no case of individual or public suffering has ever appealed to him in vain. He is not only a respected busi- ness man, but, higher yet, a consistent Christian, whose untiring zeal has been manifested in many departments of education and religious activity. EDMUND CLEGG. The gentleman whose biography is herewith presented belongs to the older class of the citi- zens of Rock Springs, Wyoming, having been a resident of Sweetwater county since 1873. He has seen the city -grow from an obscure mountain hamlet into one of the most enterprising and prosperous industrial centers of the West and, in a large measure, he has contributed to bring about results as they today exist. Edmund Clegg was born in England in 1830, and is the son of Jonathan and Hannah (Hancoper) Clegg, both also of English birth. The father followed coal mining for a livelihood, the greater part of the time being a superintendent of mines, dying at the advanced age of eighty-one years. He was also the son of Christopher and Sarah (Wood) Clegg, whose genealogy is traceable to a very early period in the history of the kingdom of England. Mrs. Hannah Clegg was a native of Yorkshire and lived to the advanced age of over seventy-five years. . Edmund Clegg was reared to young manhood near the place of his birth, and, when twenty years old, began life for him- self as the assistant superintendent under his fa- ther. He continued mining in various capacities in England until the early sixties when he came to America, and, for a number of years there- after, he was similarly employed in different min- ing states. In 1873 ne cam< ? to Rock Springs, Wyo., at that time an obscure village, and en- gaged in his chosen calling, serving different parties as superintendent, and earning the rep- utation of an able and conscientious manager. Mr. Clegg assisted in developing many of the rich mineral resources, of Sweetwater county and his long experience as a mining expert caused his services to be much sought after. To him is PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 783 due the credit of locating and developing a num- ber of the best paying mining properties in this section of the state, and, as long as he remained in the business, his advice was eagerly solicited and his valuable practical knowledge utilized. Severing his connection with mining Mr. Clegg turned his attention to other vocations, notably among them being that of dealing In water, which he followed for nearly eighteen years with en- couraging financial success. Being fortunate in acquiring a sufficiency of the world's goods to place him in comfortable circumstances, he finally abandoned business pursuits and retired to pri- vate life, one reason for so doing being the infirmities incident to advancing age. Mr. Clegg has taken an active interest and pardonable pride in the growth and development of Rock Springs, and during the last thirty years, his life and the history of the town have been very closely inter- woven. Realizing the needs of the thriving little city he supplied them with generous hand, and, to the limit of his ability, aided all enterprises tending in any way to improve the condition of its society and advance the standard of its citi- zenship. He has been especially active in pro- moting the community's intellectual and moral development, devoting much of his time and en- ergy to the matter of public education, in which he has- long been deeply interested. Largely through his efforts, the schools of the town have advanced in efficiency until the standard of edu- cation in Rock Springs is now as high as that of any other city in the state, or in any part of the West. In looking after this important and far- reaching trust, Mr. Clegg has been truly a public benefactor, and the results of his earnest and self-denying efforts will long remain a monu- ment to his interest in the people's behalf. Mr. Clegg has always been animated by an earnest- ness of purpose most admirable, and for him to recognize a duty is equivalent to its perform- ance. He has strong convictions of right, faith- fully and fearlessly discharges every trust con- fided to him, and in the line of his duty he is regardless alike of fear or favor. He has led a very active life, fraught with much good to his kind, and the world is certainly better because of his presence. Mr. Clegg was married in 1871 to Mrs. Sarah Taylor, a native of Lan- cashire, England, and a daughter of Amber and Mary Ann Taylor, the union resulting in seven children, of whom are living, Emma, Elizabeth, Arthur and Hannah ; the deceased being Jona- than, Sarah and Charley. FREDERICK W. COATES. Brought to Wyoming in the prosecution of the pleasing business he has been engaged in since leaving school, that of surveying, which he has done for railroad companies, the U. S. gov- ernment, private persons and corporations, there- by made familiar with the lay of the land in all northern Wyoming and adjoining states, Fred- erick W. Coates deliberately selected his pres- ent location for a permanent home from a choice made through an extensive knowledge and a well-seasoned judgment. His fine ranch is locat- ed fifteen miles northeast of Newcastle, in West- on county, and is surrounded with an ample range for the herds of superior cattle to which it is devoted, and for which it yields annually large crops of hay. He came to this section of the country from a great mercantile and manu- facturing center, having been born in Minneap- olis, Minn., on August 1, 1856, the son of Don- ald and Sarah J. (Keith) Coates, natives of New York state, who came to Minnesota soon after their marriage and engaged in farming and fruit- growing near Minneapolis. In 1874 they re- moved to California, and, soon after their arrival in that state, the mother died. Her remains were taken to Scott county, Minn., and there buried. The father then returned to California and bought a fruit ranch in Santa Clara county on which he now resides. Frederick W. Coates remained at home until he was sixteen years old, receiving his education in the schools of Minne- apolis, taking a special course of instruction and training in civil engineering and surveying at a technical school of renown at Excelsior, from which he was graduated in 1872. He then for 784 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. four years was in the service of the Northern Pacific Railroad as a surveyor. His next em- ployment was on a U. S. government survey in the Northwest, where he was engaged until 1 88 1, his work in this connection calling him frequently to Wyoming, and, for a short time in 1876, keeping him in the Black Hills country. After leaving the government service, he did surveying for himself and for others in the min- ing country around Deadwood until 1883, when he came to Buffalo, Wyo., and since that time he has been engaged in surveying in the northern part of the state, principally in Crook and Wes- ton counties, being still in great demand through- out a large extent of country. He has been in- terested in other business during the whole of his residence in the West. While he was in gov- ernment service he owned and also conducted a freighting outfit between Pierre, S- D., and the Black Hills, which he sold in 1882. In 1887 he bought a livery business in Sundance, Wyo., aft- erwards associating J. E. Duling with himself in this enterprise. This business continued until 1889, when they opened and conducted a livery barn at Newcastle until 1892, when Mr. Coates sold his interest to M. B. Camplain. Before this, however, he had secured the ranch on which he now lives in exchange for a livery business, and when he sold to Mr. Camplain, he took up his res- idence on the ranch which is his home, and since then has devoted his entire time and energy to its improvement and the development of his cattle industry, except such time as he has been obliged to give to surveying, having been the county surveyor from the organization of the county, and his professional services being in frequent demand by private parties. His ranch is well improved, having good buildings and fences. It is a representative home of the section as he is a representative citizen thereof. It bespeaks his good taste and judgment, as his career among this people bespeaks his enterprise and public spirit. On April 24, 1888, at Deadwood, S. D., he was married to Miss Ellen McCaffrey, a na- tive of Glengarry county, Ontario, and a daugh- ter of John and Ellen McCaffrey, natives of Ire- land. Five children have brightened their home, James H., William, Herbert, Mamie and Flor- ence. Mr. Coates is a member of the Masonic fraternity, belonging to the lodge at Newcastle, and in politics he is an active and zealous Re- publican, giving to his party good service in its various state and county campaigns. He is looked up to as a leading citizen, devoted to the welfare of the community. S. H. COCKINS. S. H. Cockins, of Bighorn county, Wyoming, living on a fine ranch of 400 acres on Grey Bull River, there conducting a stock and general farm- ing industry of increasing magnitude and cumu- lative profits, has been twice a soldier in the service of his country, once in the Civil War, when the conflict was marked with carnage and destruction, and since its close a soldier in that army of industrial progress, which has subdued the untamed wilderness of the Northwest and brought it to systematic productiveness. In both fields of conquest he has borne himself bravely and has rendered valuable service. He is a na- tive of Ohio, where his life began on February 3, 1838, and where his parents, Vincent and Eliza- beth (Wright) Cockins, settled soon after their marriage, having come thither as pioneers of the state from the home of their nativity in Pennsyl- vania. Mr. Cockins was reared and educated in his native state, and soon after the Civil War broke out he enlisted in Co. A, Seventy-eighth Ohio Infantry. He saw hard service and was in many important and hotly contested engage- ments, until he was seriously wounded at the battle of Raymond, Miss., when he was a little later discharged on account- of the disability there- in incurred. He returned to his Ohio home and until 1876 was occupied in buying stock and shipping it to various points. Then, attracted by the discovery of gold in the Black Hills of South Dakota, and the opportunities for success- ful business operations it promised in that re- gion, he sold out in Ohio and came to this new Eldorado of the Argonauts, where he passed ten PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 785 years in prospecting and mining. In 1888 he came to Wyoming and located in the Bighorn basin, on the Grey Bull River, where he now lives and has had his home continuously since. Here he carries on a flourishing and expanding stock industry, principally handling horses, but having some cattle, all being of good quality and well bred. His ranch is beautifully located and well adapted to its purposes, and has been highly improved by him, the portions under cultivation brought to a state of great fertility and product- iveness. Mr. Cochins is energetic in behalf of the best interests of the community, always to be found in active aid of any enterprise conducive of the progress and improvement of the county or of its people. He is highly respected as a rep- resentative and progressive citizen, a firm and helpful friend, an obliging neighbor and a genial and entertaining companion. He belongs to and takes great interest in the Grand Army of the Re- public, that fast-fading embodiment of the mem- ories, the heroism, the triumphs and the suffer- ings of the Northern side in the War between the Sections of our now reunited country. JESSE COLE, Jesse Cole, one of the prominent business men of the city of Cheyenne, Wyoming, is a native of the county of Carter, state of Tennessee, having been born in that county on March 5, 1840, the son of Alfred and Harriet (Blevins) Cole, both natives of the state of Tennessee. His father there followed the occupation of farming, and, in 1842, emigrated from Tennessee to Jackson county, Mo., where he continued in agricultural pursuits, his family being among the earliest set- tlers of that section of the state, where thev founded their home about six miles southeast of the site of Kansas City. The History of Jackson County, Mo., contained an interesting account of the life and work of Alfred Cole, which justly por- trayed him as one of the prominent pioneers and representative farmers of that county, successful in business and possessing the highest esteem of all who knew him. He remained there until his death, on February 8, 1854. He lies buried on the old Jackson county homestead, and his good wife, the mother of the subject of this sketch, who passed away at the same place on July 10, 1876, lies buried by his side. United in life, they are not separated in death, and rest together near the scenes of their active and useful, lives. Mr. Cole grew to manhood in Jackson county, and there received his early education in the public schools. After the death of his father, he was compelled to leave school to take the management of the farm. In this he was very successfvd, and, upon the death of his mother, he became the sole owner of the handsome property. He resided here, conducting a prosperous business in farm- ing and stockraising, until 1897, when he dis- posed of the greater portion of his property in- terests in Missouri. For a short time after this he was not engaged in any active business, and his wife and children passed some months in vis- iting in the state of California. Desiring to en- gage in the live stock business on a scale more extensive than had been possible at his old Mis- souri home, he came to Wyoming, and, in the spring of 1898, purchased his present fine ranch property, situated on South Crow Creek, about sixteen miles west of the city of Cheyenne. Soon after having established himself in his new home, he was here joined by his family, and they have now one of the finest and best improved places in all of that section. They have a large two-story brick residence, barns, buildings and all modern improvements. Mr. Cole has 4,300 acres of pat- ented land, well fenced, irrigated and improved, with many acres of the finest meadow land, also having a large herd of cattle, and being consid- ered as one of the most substantial and progress- ive business men of the state. On December 29, 1885, Mr. Cole was united in marriage to Mrs. Emma C. (Basye) Sampson, a native of Jack- son county. Mo., and the daughter of James and Mary (Coates) Basye, the former a native of Kent, England, and the latter of Missouri, where the father settled in Jackson county in the early forties, and followed the occupation of farming until his death in 1856. The mother passed away 786 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. in January, 1890, and lies buried by the side of the father in Jackson county. Mr. and Mrs. Cole have one child, Silas L., who is residing with his parents, attending the public schools. Po- litically, Mr. .Cole is a stanch member of the Democratic party, and, while a resident of Mis- souri, he took an active and prominent part in the public affairs of his county and state, attend- ing conventions, and being one of the trusted leaders of his party. He has never held, or sought to hold, public office, however, and since his residence in Wyoming, has given his entire time to the management of his private business, in which he has met with conspicuous success. Fra- ternally, he is a member of the Masonic order. The family are members of the Christian church, in which they take a deep interest, and are active and earnest in all matters calculated to better the condition and promote the welfare of the community in which they reside. They are among the most highly esteemed and respected citizens of their section of the state. ALFRED D. GAMBELL. Honored and highly esteemed by all who know him, not only as an active business man, but also as one of the first seekers of gold in California, whither he made his way among the Argonauts of 1849, Alfred D. Gambell of Hart- ville, Laramie county, Wyoming, is truly a pioneer of pioneers, a business force among the commercial bulwarks of the state, having a life story full of varied and interesting incidents, being the prime actor in a career that has few parallels in the history of the Northwest. His forefathers came to New York in Colonial times and made their influence felt for good in the formation and development of that state. There his parents, Seth and Betsey (Thayer) Gambell, were born and reared, and from there they removed to Richland county, Ohio, where their son Alfred first saw the light on January 27, 1822, and where he grew to manhood amid the quiet but stimulating scenes of rural life, assisting in the labors of the farm, for which lie developed great aptitude, and as he had op- portunity attending the subscription schools of the neighborhood, gathering from their slender streams of knowledge a modicum of scholastic learning, which, though small, was clear and serviceable. In 1844, when he was but twenty- two years old, he left the parental rooftree, and, making his way to the shore of Lake Erie secured a position on a steamer plying regularly on its waters, after some time locating temporarily at Buffalo, from there traveling extensively in New England and the Middle states. But the voice of the sea was still sounding persuasively in his ears and in 1847 he shipped at Stoning- ton, Conn., on a whaler for the Arctic regions and passed a year in that service. Returning to the United States he again went before the mast in a voyage "around the Horn" to Cali- fornia, reaching San Francisco in February, 1849. I n April following he went to the min- ing region, after a year spent in mining and prospecting returning from San Francisco by the Panama route and New York City to his Ohio home, and there, in the autumn of 1851, was united in marriage with Miss Esther Lout- senheizer, a native of the state. The next four years were passed quietly on a farm in Wil- liams county, Ohio, and in 1855, leaving his wife to look after the farm in his absence, Mr. Gam- bell turned his face once more toward the set- ting sun and, taking passage by the Isthmus route, reached the mines of California without incident worthy of note, there passing another year in prospecting and mining, then returning to Ohio for his family, but coming west again as far as Colorado without them. There he was occupied in mining- for a year, in 1856 re- moving his family to the territory where he continued his mining operations with encourag- ing results, and in 1859 aided to organize the Colorado Pioneers' Society, being instrumental in having a medal made out of the first silver found in the territory to commemorate the event. One of these medals he still preserves among the highly-prized souvenirs of his event- ful career, lie also built and successfully oper- ated the first stampmill in Colorado, erected at Nevadaville. where he had extensive mines, PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 787 being run for years at its full capacity in re- ducing the ores from his claims. Mr. Gambell was not only a pioneer in the mining industry of Colorado, but bore a leading part in the de- velopment of its civil history and the direction of its public affairs, being essentially a represen- tative man, with keenness of vision to see and resolute energy to make known the resources of the new territory to which he had given alle- giance. In the midst of his success in mining his wife's health failed and she was obliged to go east for medical treatment. She found a suitable place in Toledo, Ohio, and there in 1863 he joined her and finding her condition much improved, came west again to Nebraska, and purchasing land near Grand Island, became a farmer and stockraiser. After the death of his wife in 1879 he went with his daughter to the Black Hills of South Dakota, and for sev- eral years devoted his attention to erecting and equipping mills in that section, being an expert mechanic, with special qualifications for making and placing in operation intricate machinery, he found plenty of remunerative employment in this line. Among the works that stand strongly to his credit is a large mill at Grand Junction, nine miles from Custer. In 1882 he disposed of his interests in Dakota and col- lecting a force of workmen came to 'the vicinitv of Hartville, Wyo., to develop the mineral wealth of that locality and among the leading mines he here opened is the one that bears his name and belongs to him, one of the richest in the state, and now operated by a Colorado syndicate, its lessees. He superintended the construction of all the machinery for the mineral industries of the neighborhood and did other important work in bringing its products to the knowledge and use of the country, but is now living a life of ease and honorable retirement, realizing that there is even on this side of the grave a haven where the storms of life come not, or are felt only in gentle undulations of the water, a hale and peaceful old age. He has been active in Freemasonry, holding membership in Toledo Lodge, No. 144, since i860 and throughout his mature life he has been an active worker in the 49 ranks of the Democratic party, giving ardent and intelligent attention to its campaigns for more than sixty years, and although frequently importuned to allow the use of his name for exalted political stations, he has never con- sented to be a candidate for any office. The death of his wife in 1879, at Grand Island, Neb., where she was buried, was a great bereavement which has influenced all of his subsequent ca- reer. She was a member of an old Ohio family of high standing, both of her parents' passing' their entire lives in that state, and she inherited and exemplified all the best traits of her lineage. She was the mother of two children, Seth Gam- bell, who died on July 14, 1901, aged forty- seven ; Minnie, now widow of E. D. Clark, living at Custer, S. D. Mrs. Clark has six children, Alice, Avery, Frank, Minnie, Bessie, Eloise. HON. AUGUSTUS L. COLEMAN. To preside over the birth or formative period of a new political entity, to give shape to its plas- tic substance and establish its rules of action, to fix the trend of its civil policy and start in mo- tion its educational and moral forces, is a privi- lege allowed to few men, and those who possess it are entitled to all honor, if they perform their duties well and wisely. In this class must be numbered Hon. Augustus L. Coleman, of Big- horn county, Wyoming, a prominent ranchman, stockgrower, legislator and leading citizen, who is now living on his beautiful ranch of 320 acres near Bigtrails. He has been so essentially a leader of thought and mental and political action in this county that he must ever occupy a place of high regard among its people, and be revered as one of its founders. He was connected with the U. S. survey which fixed the metes and bounds of much of its land and he has also performed a considerable amount of other surveying within its limits. He helped to organize the first school district in the county and taught the first school in the Bighorn basin. In order to qualify as a member of the board for this school district he, was obliged to make an eight-days' trip to Buf- falo. He was a member of the first board of 788 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. county commissioners of the county, and also one of the first justices of the peace. He represented the county in the lower house of the First State Legislature, and has since represented it in the State Senate. For many years he was a deputy U. S. surveyor, and is now a U. S. commissioner. In all these capacities he has served the people well, discharged his duties with fidelity and skill and maintained a high standard of official pro- priety and dignity. Mr. Coleman was born on May 23, 1855, in Otsego county, N. Y., where his parents, Morell and Helen (Curtis) Coleman, were also native, and where his ancestors on both sides had lived for generations. He passed his childhood and youth in his native county, and from her public schools secured his educa- tion in the way of scholastic training. After leaving school he engaged in both farming and teaching near* his home until 1885, when he ac- companied ex-Gov. W. A. Richards, of the Colo- rado Ditch Co., to Wyoming, the next year com- ing to his present location, where he began the raising of stock and farming. He was assiduous in improving his land, fitting it up with the neces- sary equipment for his purposes, beautifying it with a commodious and comfortable residence. He also labored diligently and judiciously in cultivating much of the land, thus making it sub- serve the requirements of his extensive and in- creasing herds of cattle, which now number 500 head and rank in grade with any in his vicinity. As has been noted, he served in the First State Legislature, and in 1896 he was elected to the State Senate and served four years. In this ex- alted station, wherein he was associated with a number of the best and ablest men in the state, he was conspicuous for the wide and accurate knowledge which he displayed of the affairs of the state, for the correctness and wisdom of his views and for his skill and vigor in enforcing 'them. He rendered valuable service to his con- stituents and to the state at large. He was mar- ried in New York, on June 2, 1878, to Miss Irene Slater, a native of that state. They have two children. George and Howard. Mr. Coleman is in all respects a truly representative man of the state, one of its most respected and influential citizens. Mrs. Coleman came to the West in the spring of 1887, and, although not strong physical- ly, and, for the past nine years, almost an in- valid, she has labored in the interests of her hus- band and family untiringly, often beyond her strength. One of the most self-sacrificing, kind- est and best of the ever noble women of the fron- tier, she is universally beloved in the county where she has done her full share in all matters aiding in the establishment of civilization. Mr. Coleman writes us thus : "If I have been suc- cessful here, either politically or in a financial way, she is certainly entitled to the credit, for, without her loving counsel, I certainly should not have attained to any prominence." FRANK K. COLLETT. There is, perhaps, no stockman of the immedi- ate locality of his home who is more extensively known or stands higher among his acquaintances than Mr. Collett, and it is but simple justice to incorporate a brief review of his life and activi- ties in this volume, as one of the wide-awake and representative citizens of Uinta county. He was born in October, 1865, at Logan, Utah, a son of Sylvanus and Lydia (Karens) Collett, of whom individual and collective sketches appear else- where in this volume, to which the reader is re- ferred for the details of the ancestral history of Mr. Frank K. Collett. After availing himself of the advantages of school education that were within the reach of his youthful years, Mr. Col- lett, at the age of fourteen, became a range- rider, acquiring, in the course of the years which he devoted to the caring for cattle, a skill and proficiency, a health of body and powers of en- durance which have been of admirable service to him in his life of intense activity, and given him distinction among the cattlemen with whom he was associated. Having become thoroughly fa- miliar with each and every department of the cattle industry, Mr. Collett established a home and business of his own, by securing a homestead of 1 do acres, located at Cokesdale. Wyo., and here PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 789 he, with his customary activity and earnestness, engaged in general farming and in the stock business, from the first obtaining satisfactory re- sults, as his operations have been conducted with care and discrimination. He usually runs a large and valuable herd of high-grade cattle, mosth' of the Hereford breed. In December, 1893, occurred his marriage with Miss Catharine Sims, born in Utah, in 1870, a daughter of Alex- ander and Elizabeth (McDermott) Sims, natives of Scotland and of Africa. Her father, a miller, came to the United States from his native land in company with a Mormon colony and settled in Utah, where he resided the greater part of his subsequent life, dying, however, at the age of fifty-one years in 1894, at Fish Haven, in Idaho, where had been his home for a short period of time. His wife survives him, having her home at Swan Creek, Utah. Mr. Sims was a thoughtful, intelligent person, keeping himself fully abreast of the world's latest movements, by his extensive and carefully selected reading of the best litera- ture, becoming extremely well informed. Mr. and Mrs. Collett's household is rounded out by the presence of two winsome daughters, Imogene and Lucile. Mr. Collett is an active and earnest observer of all public matters of local and gen- eral interest, and is heartily connected with the success of the Republican party of Uinta county, supporting its candidates and promulgating its principles in every campaign. Fraternally, he is a valued member of the Woodmen of the World. HON. W. S. COLLINS. Nature is seemingly very capricious and un- even in the distribution of her favors among men ; but, when her action is viewed in the light of a true discernment, it is often seen that she has a true system of balances, and compensations, which makes her distributions far more equitable than they at first appear. To one man she gives opportunity and the school education to prepare him for its proper use : to another she gives the inherent strength and fertility of mind and char- acter to hew out opportunities and compel even obdurate circumstances to yield a full, if not a ready, compliance with his will. To the latter class she consigned Hon. W. S. Collins, of Basin, Wyoming, the popular county attorney of Bighorn county, who neither inherited nor found by acci- dent the way to consequence and usefulness, but worked it out for himself with assiduous effort and by constant fidelity to every daily duty. He was born in Champaign county, Ohio, on March 30, 1848, the son of worthy and industrious par- ents, whose circumstances, however, were such that he was not able to get much education at the schools, being obliged to help to make his own way in the world at an early age. When he was but seven years of age he began to work out among the neighbors of his home, receiving twenty-five cents a day as. wages, and, while he may have looked longingly at the little coun- try schoolhouse, wherein others who seemed far more fortunate were drinking copious draughts of the invigorating waters of knowledge, while he could catch only here and there a handful of the sparkling stream, as it sang and danced across his toilsome pathway, he was not discouraged by this condition, but "while his companions slept was toiling upward through the night." By his own efforts, diligently and judiciously applied, he qualified himself to teach school, and there- after followed this vocation until he was twenty- three years old. Having" earned, and saved, suffi- cient money for the purpose, he then entered Mc- Cain's Academy at Iowa City, Iowa, where he pursued a course of instruction as a preparation for a more advanced one at college, and in 1870 was graduated from an agricultural college with the degree of civil engineer. In the spring of 1877 he began the study of law with the firm of Hamilton & McGuire, of Springfield, 111., and, after completing his course in the profession, he was admitted to practice in the courts of the state by the Supreme Court on an open examina- tion. Soon afterward he moved to Brown coun- ty, Neb., and, not long after his location there, was made surveyor of the county. From there he moved to Fort Fetterman, Wyo., and, a little later, to Douglas, which had but recently been born and baptized as a new municipal entity, and he took an important part in forming and develop- 79° PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. ing the bantling. Since 1888 he has been a res- ident of the Bighorn basin, and no man worked harder or more intelligently and systematically to build up this portion of the state, develop its nat- ural resources and establish its civil and educa- tional institutions on a healthy and progressive basis. Just prior to his coming to this section, he organized a company of Nebraska capitalists to develop the Bonanza oil-fields, and labored most faithfully for the success of the undertak- ing, but, after an expenditure of $22,000, the com- pany failed. Mr. Collins, however, did not be- come disheartened, but has firmly held to his be- lief in the wealth of the region and has been un- tiring in his efforts to bring it forth for the bene- fit of mankind. For a number of years he has served as U. S. commissioner and also devoted his time and energies to the reclamation and im- provement of arid lands. He was one of the founders of the town of Basin, and, on the organ- ization of Bighorn county, he became one of its prominent and representative citizens, a leader in Republican politics. In 1898 he was elected county attorney and prosecutor and was reelected in 1900. Prior to this, from the formation of the county, in 1895, ne na -d been zealous and active in developing its industrial, agricultural and financial resources. It was largely through his efforts that the Bighorn County Bank was estab- lished, in 1897, the Basin city water-works put into operation, in 1901, and the Bighorn Canal Co. organized and its great irrigating plant set in motion. In 1901 he organized the Basin Pub- lishing Co., and, a year later, the Bonanza Oil Development Co. His latest achievement was the organization of the Basin Light Artillery Co., and through his intercession the state has equipped this company with uniforms, revolvers, sabers and all other things needed for its effi- ciency, including two rifled field guns. The city and the county are equally objects of his intense and serviceable solicitude, seeing with a clear vision the great possibilities of each, and knowing also the capabilities of the people to work out harmonious and healthy development of those possibilities, he looks forward with abiding con- fidence to the great future, doing his part day by day and in every line of proper activity to aid in hastening the good results. American cit- izenship in the Northwest has nowhere a finer, more courageous, more resourceful or more high- ly esteemed representative. WILLIAM L. CONNELLY. A young and enterprising man of distinctive force of character and strong mentality, the sub- ject of this review is a creditable representative of that large and progressive class of Western men whose lives and energies are devoted to the live stock industry. William L. Connelly, a son of Charles P. and Mary (Hanna) Connelly, was born near Charlestown, West Virginia, on Feb- ruary 15, 1868. In 1869 these parents moved to Muscatine county, Iowa, where the father lived the life of a farmer until his death, the following year. Mrs. Connelly died some years later, and was laid to rest by the side of her husband, near their home in the county of Muscatine. William L. Connelly received his educational training in the public schools of the above county, and at the early age of sixteen was obliged to rely upon his own resources for a livelihood. Actuated by a desire to seek his fortune in the Great West, he started, in the spring of 1885, for Wyoming, and, reaching his destination, in due time, se- cured employment with the management of the P. F. cattle ranch, on the Platte River, in Laramie count\. From the above date until 1892 he rode the range in various parts of the country, work- ing for different parties, but in the latter year took up a ranch ten miles east of Fort Laramie, where he has since been actively engaged in the live stock business, and is a large raiser of alfalfa. Mr. Connelly exercised discreet judg- ment in selecting his ranch, which lies in a rich and beautiful grazing district, and which, with the attractive cottage, and other improvements he has since added, has greatly enhanced its value. It is now one of the most desirable places of its area in Laramie count}-, in many respects being an ideal home for a family of intelligence, good taste and enterprise. Mr. Connelly has succeeded well in his business undertaking's, by industry and PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 79i good management accumulating a comfortable competence, sufficient, in fact, to place him in independent circumstances, so far as any anxiety for the financial future is concerned. He is a shrewd and a far-seeing business man, in all transactions with which he has been identified his name is a synonym for manly conduct and honorable dealing. At this time he owns 400 acres, for which he has warranty deeds, and 1,100 acres acquired by preempting. With this amount of real-estate in his possession, all rapidly in- creasing in value, it is eminently proper to pre- dict for him a career of continued prosperity. Mr. Connelly is a married man, the father of four bright and interesting children, whose names are : Catherine, Bernice, Frederick and Marion ; the first born, Lawrence, is not living. The maiden name of Mrs. Connelly was Grace E. Snyder, and the ceremony by which it was changed to the one she now bears was solemnized at Chad- ron, Neb., on January 31, 1892.' Mrs. Connelly is the daughter of Thomas B. and Sarah J. (Spaulding) Snyder, the father being a well- known and prosperous stockman of Nebraska. In his political adherency, Mr. Connelly is a pro- nounced Republican. While earnest in the sup- port of his principles, he has no political aspira- tions, preferring the independent life he now leads to any office within the gift of the people. . W, R. COPMAN. W. R. Copman, owner and manager of one of the most attractive and valuable stock ranches at Cloverly. in Bighorn county. Wyoming, and the postmaster at this place, the postoffice having been established through his efforts and at his earnest solicitation, has passed nearly the half of his life so far in Wyoming, and, during the whole of his residence in the state, he has been actively at work as one of the builders and developers of her commercial, industrial, agricultural and po- litical interests. He is a native of Pennsylvania, where he was born on April 15, 1850, the son of W. C. and Anna Copman, both of whom were born and reared in Saxony, Germany. He lived in his native state until he reached the age of six- teen, assisting his parents on the farm and, when he could, attending school. In 1866 he left home for Kansas, where he remained until 1877. He then went to Oregon, Washington and to Idaho, mining at various places and also riding the range between times. In 1880 he brought a drove of cattle to Wyoming, from the Grand Ronde Val- ley of Oregon, for H. C. Lovell, and thereafter remained in the territory, mining and riding the range until 1887, then locating a ranch on Shell Creek and going to work to develop on it a stock company of magnitude and profit. He re- mained on that ranch and carried on a good busi- ness until 1893, when he sold it and removed to the one he now occupies, which is a beautiful tract of land of 320 acres, to the natural attractiveness of which his skill and industry have made im- portant additions, and on which he has erected good buildings and built up a fine cattle business. He took up part of the land as a homestead, and part as a desert claim, and has responded to the bounty of the government in giving it, by dili- gently applying his enterprise, intelligence and systematic labor in its improvement. His stock consists of sheep, cattle and horses, sheep being the principal interest which engages his atten- tion, and of these he handles usually a band of about 1,000. His cattle and horses are well se- lected as to breeds, and are well kept by careful attention and ample provision for their comfort. On August 22, 1900, he succeeded in having a postoffice established at Cloverly, and was ap- pointed postmaster, accepting the office for the convenience of the neighborhood. He is also a school director, and has given valuable attention to the development and improvement of the school system Of the district. On November 4, 1890. he was united in marriage at Billings, Mont., with Miss Elizabeth Yegen, a native of Switzerland, but for years a resident of the Northwest. They have three children, daugh- ters, Elizabeth, Emerita and Christina. Mr. Cop- man has given to the people among whom he has lived in this state an example of elevated and useful citizenship, and has left his mark on the civil and educational institutions of his county in enduring form. In all the lines of active effort 792 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. in which he has labored, he has performed his duties with fidelity and success, and, wherever he has halted long enough to accomplish a definite result, he has left the impress of a public-spirited, far-seeing man of enterprise and resourcefulness. JOHN F. CORBETT. A pioneer of 1877 in Wyoming, and a mighty Nimrod through all this northwestern country, having braved all dangers of the section and en- dured all privations incident to his wild life, with a competence of this world's wealth, won by his own thrift and enterprise, a town being named in his honor as proof of his public spirit and his permanent impress on the very body of his time, John F. Corbett, of Meeteetse, in Bighorn coun- ty, remains among us as a distinct and worthy type of that fast-fading personage, the real fron- tiersman and pioneer, who blazed the way for the advancing arm of civilization in that part of the world and first commanded the wild luxuries of nature to subjection for the uses of mankind. Mr. Corbett was born of Irish parent- age and Welch ancestry on his father's side. His grandfather, an Irish major in the British army, in that service well sustained the prestige of his forefathers, which they won on many a bloody field. Mr. John F. Corbett's parents were Mat- thias and Johanna Corbett. They were born and reared and married in Ireland. Soon after their marriage they came to the United States and settled in Massachusetts, where their son, John F., was born on December 28, 1846. He re- ceived a limited common-school education in his native place, and when he was seventeen years of age went to Tennessee, where he endeavored to enlist as a soldier in the Union Army, but was rejected on account of the frailty of his health. He then secured government employment as a teamster, in this capacity reached Kansas City, .Mo., and later was transferred to Lawrence, Kan. There he determined to become a scout, and for years thereafter he was employed in this thrilling but dangerous duty, serving in turn all the re- nowned men in the West who stood in need of his ability in this direction. He scouted with many noted personages, portions of the time being in the service of the United States, and portions in that of the several territories and of private parties. He also hunted buffalo and other game on an extensive scale. The life was full of diffi- culties, but his body and soul were hardened to meet them. It was beset with dangers, but these were the very spice of it. The wilderness, rough, harsh and inexorable, had for him, as it had for many another, charms more potent than all the lures of luxury and sloth. In June, 1868, a com- pany of scouts was organized, under command of Major Forsyth and Lieutenant Beecher. consist- ing of fifty-three citizens. They fought the well- remembered battle of the Riccara, on the Middle Fork of the Sweetwater, Mr. Corbett joining them after the battle, in August, when the band was recruited to its normal size, under the command of Lieutenant Papoon, of the Tenth U. S. Cavalry, with Malcolm Graham next in command as acting sergeant major. Among other prominent pioneers in this troop were Judge Stillwell, Jim Curry, French Pete, Jack Donovan, Joe Lane and others. He had here breathing room and scope for his adventurous na^ ture. So it was not to be wondered at that he returned to this life after a short respite, in 1877, as a clerk in a store at Cheyenne, which year marked his advent into Wyoming as a perma- nent resident. From there he went to the Pow- der River, and for two years was engaged in hunting on the Crow reservation. Here the game was abundant, worth}' of his prowess. In one section, with two other hunters, he killed 552 deer and great quantities of other game. But lie tired of this life at last, and, on September 10, 1880, he came to the Bighorn basin, determined to settle down to more quiet pursuits, and, locat- ing on the site of the present town of Cody, he carried on a brisk trade with the Indians, inci- dentally doing hunting at times. Four years la- ter he moved to the head of Meeteetse Creek, and there opened a general store, which he conducted with success for six years. In 1890 he took up his residence at Meeteetse, and he has since then PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 793 made that town his home. He owns much val- uable property within its limits, and, also, much at Corbett, which was named in his honor. His life is now passing pleasantly towards its sun- set, being in peace after so many conflicts, in safety after so many dangers, and living in agree- able association with his fellow men, after so much companionship with Nature ; and, both on account of his record and his character, he is se- cure in the esteem of all good men. As a mem- ber of the order of Modern Woodmen of Amer- ica, he finds profitable enjoyment in fraternal re- lations, and as a citizen of patriotic devotion to the home of his adoption, he has enduring pleas- ure and satisfaction in the evidences of advance- ment and improvement he sees developing all around him in the community, in aid of which he has given freely his own contributions of time, service and substantial nutriment. REUBEN CORNWELL. Reuben Cornwell, a pioneer of June, 1881, whose adventurous footsteps were among the early ones that invaded that primeval solitude of northern Wyoming, and who has seen the region turned to a smiling garden of productiveness, basking in all the smiles of civilization and pros- perity, is a native of New York, where he was born on June 19, 1844. His parents, Wilbur and Sylvia (Mosier) Cornwell, were also native in the Empire state, and when he was six years old they removed to Oakland county, Michigan, where they were engaged in farming. On the Michigan farm he grew to manhood and at in- tervals attended the schools of the neighborhood. When he was twenty years of age, in September, 1864, he enlisted in the Michigan Light Artillery and served until the end of the Civil War. He returned to Michigan at the end of his term, and, in 1871, moved to Iowa, locating in Chick- asaw county. There for ten years he followed farming, and, in 1881, came to Wyoming, settling in Sheridan county and taking up land on Prairie Dog Creek. He passed a year there in the stock business, and, in 1882, took up his residence in the town of Sheridan, and began to carry the mails under contract between that town and Berne, Mont. At the end of three years he re- linquished his contract for this work, and, during the next five years conducted a stock business on land he had taken up on preemption and desert claims. In 1900 he sold his ranch and again moved to Sheridan, and since then he has been handling cattle on the ranges, having generally 200 head or more. Mr. Cornwell takes an active interest in the affairs of the town and county of his residence. He is a member of the Grand Army of the Republic and also of the Old Set- tlers' Club, being active in the service of both organizations. He was married in Iowa in 1874 to Miss Martha Coutant, a native of that state and a daughter of Jonathan and Mary (Stohl) Coutant, early emigrants from Pennsylvania to Iowa, when the latter was a wild and unsettled frontier. Mrs. Cornwell is, also, like her hus- band, an interested and active member of the Old Settlers' Club, much esteemed in the social and church circles of the county seat. Her pres- ence and her influence are felt in all works of charity and benevolence. JOHN E. CRAWFORD. This representative farmer and stockraiser, one. of Laramie county's enterprising men of af- fairs, was born in Sullivan county, Indiana, on August 3, 1868. His parents were Robert and Mary (Hall) Crawford, both lifelong residents of Sullivan county, the father being a farmer by occupation. Robert Crawford was well known in the community where nearly all his life was spent and enjoyed the confidence and esteem of his neighbors and fellow citizens ; his death occurred in February, 1877. Mrs. Crawford is still living in the county of Sullivan, making her home with a son, Charles, who carries on farming near the old family homestead. The early life of John E. Crawford, spent on the home farm, was with out events of striking interest and was passed very much like that of the majority of boys who are reared to industrious habits in the country. 794 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. His educational experiences included an attend- ance at the public schools in the winter seasons, while the rest of the year was devoted to the honorable toil with which life on the farm is at- tended. Before attaining his majority, he left the parental roof and began life for himself, ■ working for farmers in the neighborhood where he was born and reared. He was thus engaged until the spring of 1890 when he went to Scotts Bluff county, Neb., where he followed agricul- tural pursuits for a limited period. Going thence to the northern part of Wyoming, Mr. Crawford spent about six months in the northern section of the state, and at the expiration of that time he located on the Rawhide, where, during the eighteen months following, he was engaged in ranching. In the spring of 1892 he assisted in driving cattle to Montana, but did not long re- main in the latter state, returning to Woyming after a lapse of six months, and, in the fall of 1892, he took up his present ranch, seventeen miles east of Fort Laramie. Mr. Crawford erect- ed a comfortable house on his land but did noth- ing further in the way of improvement until 1899, devoting the intervening years to ranching for various parties in Laramie and other counties. In the spring of the above year he addressed him- self to the improvement of his place, since that time he has been actively engaged in farming, for which his land appears peculiarly adapted. In addition to cultivating the soil, he is also in- terested in stockraising, owning a fine herd of cattle, which is constantly increasing, the outlook being very favorable for a prosperous business in this important industry. Mr. Crawford is a stockholder in the Torrington ditch, which was organized in 1892 and which has done so much to redeem and make habitable so large and valu- able an agricultural district in the county of Laramie. He is one of the leading spirits in the enterprise, takes an active interest in the work, devoting no inconsiderable portion of his time to the further extension of the ditch to the end that a still larger area of fertile land may be re- duced to tillage. Fraternally, Mr. Crawford is a member of the Ancient Order of United Work- men, and in his daily life exemplifies, in a prac- tical way, the teachings and precepts of this most excellent organization. He has never mar- ried, contenting himself to live alone, without assuming the responsibility of family ties. En- joying the respect and esteem of the community in which he resides, and having gained distinctive success in a temporal way, Mr. Crawford has no cause for regretting that he has cast his lot in the West, and, it is safe to assert, that the state of Wyoming has no more loyal supporter. He has led an active life and in many ways has done much to advance the material interests of the county which is honored by his citizenship. HENRY B. CUNNINGHAM. One of the most successful and progressive of the stockmen of the state of Wyoming is Henry B. Cunningham, of Meriden. He is a native of the county of McLean, in the state of Illinois, having been born there on January 23, 1853, the son of King and Cyrena (Thompson) Cunningham, the former a native of Indiana, and the latter of Kentucky. The paternal grand- father of Mr. Cunningham was a native of Ire- land, who, upon emigrating to America, first settled in Virginia, where, for a time, he followed freighting in the Alleghany Mountains, an occu- pation which, in that early day, was one of great importance in the commercial transactions of the time, and very remunerative. Subsequently he removed to Indiana, where he settled in the vi- cinity of Wabash, and engaged in farming and stockraising. Here he remained for a number of years, in 1827 disposing of his interests in Indiana, and moving his family and belongings to Illinois, where he purchased a farm and settled down in McLean county, and engaged in farming and stockgrowing. at which he remained em- ployed to the time of his death, which occurred in 1861. His maternal grandfather emigrated to America in 1816, when he was but sixteen years of age, and first went to Lexington, Ky., where he soon entered upon the occupation of stockraising and farming. In 1827 he removed PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 795 his residence to the state of Illinois, and estab- lished himself in the county of McLean, and there continued in the same pursuit until his death in 1889. The father of Henry B. Cunningham, arriving at man's estate, also engaged in farming and in the raising of fine stock in McLean county, 111., where he is still residing, engaged in that pursuit. The mother died on April 4, 1898, and was buried in that county. Mr. Cunningham received his early education in the public schools of his native place, and remained at home, as- sisting his father in the management of the home business until 1873, when, desiring to begin life for himself, he took a trip to California, and se- cured employment on a stock farm near San Francisco, where he remained until the fall of that year. He then returned to the Illinois home and there remained until December of that year, when he went to Creston, in Union county, Iowa, where he purchased a farm and entered upon stockraising and farming. He continued in this business until 1888 with great success, being also interested extensively in the buying and selling" of cattle, and also in merchandising at various places in Union county. He was one of the largest operators in that section of the state. In 1888 he disposed of many of his interests in Union county and removed to Des Moines, Iowa, where he engaged for a time in the hardware business. He was one of the organizers and in- corporators of the Iowa Carriage Co., of Des Moines, Iowa, and was elected secretary and treasurer of that company. He also became the owner of the Central rolling mills, which he operated for a number of years, dealing also ex- tensively in real-estate in Des Moines and vi- cinity. In 1891, with other parties, he organ- ized a company for the manufacture of sash, doors and blinds, and went to Tacoma, Wash., where they built a large sawmill and a factory to carry on that business. Having an opportunity to dispose of this property to good advantage, the company sold out and he returned to his old home in Des Moines until 1897, engaged in a real-estate and brokerage business. In the latter year he closed out his holdings in Iowa and re- moved his residence to Wyoming, where he leased a large ranch property on Little Horse Creek, purchased a fine herd of cattle and em- barked in ranching and stockraising. This busi- ness he conducted very successfully until the summer of 1900, when he disposed of all of this property and, with his family, passed the entire summer on an overland pleasure trip to the Yel- lowstone National Park. Returning to Cheyenne in the fall he engaged in a live stock business, buying and selling cattle, horses and sheep on commission, and carried this on with marked success until February, 1902, when he secured a lease of his present ranch from Mr. J. B. Cul- ver, and again engaged extensively in the cattle business. On February 18, 1874, Mr. Cunning- ham was united in marriage in Union county, Iowa, to Miss Mary F. Cryst, a native of that state. The father of Mrs. Cunningham is a prosperous farmer of Union county, and is one of the very earliest of the settlers of that sec- tion of the state, while her mother, Nancy Cryst, was like the father, a pioneer of Iowa. Mr. and Mrs. Cunningham have seven children, Bert, Myrtle, Roy and Cyrena, Nelson, Lillian and Leola, all of whom are living. Politically, Mr. Cunningham is identified with the Republican party, and during all of his active life he has taken a prominent part in public affairs. Never a seeker for public position, he is in politics, as well as in business and social life, an active, liber- al and progressive man, and also one of the most respected citizens of his section of the state. THE CROMPTON BROTHERS. The Crompton Brothers, merchants, of Ev- anston, Wyoming, are the sons of Mr. William Crompton, deceased. William Crompton was born in Lancastershire, England, in 1837. He was a miner both in England and in the United States. He came to America about 1870, cross- ing the continent by ox team, and coming direct to Salt Lake City. He first worked in construc- tion on the Union Pacific Railroad until it was completed from Salt Lake City to Evanston, and 796 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. there he became engaged in mining. He worked for some time in the coal mines at Almy, Wyo., and then went into farming and stockraising. He built a handsome brick residence about four miles from Evanston and lived in it until about three years before his death, which occurred at his Ogden home in October, 1900, at the age of sixty-three years. His remains are buried at Evanston. He was devoted to his home ; home life being his chief delight. Seldom could he be found away from his own fireside. He was a man greatly respected by all who knew him. He was married in England to Hannah Hobs'on, who survives him. She is a native of England, born in 1835, and lives at the Ogden home, at 3 161 Adams street. Mr. and Mrs. Crompton were the parents of the following children : Jane ; John, died at the age of thirty-three years ; Ra- chel ; Joseph ; William ; Mary ; Walter ; Squire ; Anna, died when sixteen ; Lillian ; Carrie. SHERMAN G. DEVALL. While it may be, as has been said, that the les- sons of adversity are not always salutary, that they sometimes awaken or intensify the more un- welcome phases of human nature which are born of envy and a sense of injustice, it is undoubtedly true that there is scarcely a more decided and productive stimulus to effort and the develop- ment of manly qualities of self-reliance and re- sourcefulness than necessity and absolute de- pendence on one's own exertions. This truth is well illustrated in the life and achievements of Sherman G. DeVall, for the last ten years prominent as a ranchman and stockgrower on Stockade Beaver Creek, twenty-two miles north- cast of Newcastle, where he has a fine ranch of 320 acres of well-improved and highly cultivated land, on which he dwells in a commodious and convenient modern residence, which is surround- ed with good barns, sheds, corrals and other ap- purtenances required for success in bis industry. His life began on August 9, 1867, at Preston, W. Va., where his parents, Absalom G. and Har- riet (Draper) DeVall, natives of that state, were engaged in farming, after an arduous and exact- ing service by the father in the Civil War, from his enlistment in 1861 until its close, in which he followed the fortunes of General Grant through his most dangerous and difficult campaigns, par- ticipating in many battles and many exhausting marches. After peace was declared he returned to his farm in West Virginia, where he remained until 1870, when he removed to Maryland, lo- cating in Garrett county. There his wife died in 1878 and he in 1880. Sherman G. DeVall was educated in the public schools of Maryland to a limited extent, but, being left an orphan at the age of thirteen years, he was obliged to take up the burden of life for himself at that early age, and, with a brother three years older, he went to Pennsylvania and there worked at var- ious occupations in different parts of that state for three years. He returned to West Virginia in 1882 and there for nine years followed mining. In 1891 he came to Nebraska, and, after farm- ing in Buffalo county of that state for a year, came on to Wyoming, where, in August, 1892, he took up his present ranch, on which he has since resided and carried on' a profitable and ex- panding farming and stockraising enterprise. When he came here this whole picturesque sec- tion, with its pleasing variety of hill and vale, was almost unoccupied. Now it blooms with the flowers, teems with the fruits and is fraught with the moral agencies of civilization, to the planting and growth of which Mr. DeVall has essentially contributed. His early necessities and struggles produced a rugged force of character, quick and alert readiness in action, a clearness of vision and a resolute perseverance, of a kind that de- serves success and usually commands it. In poli- tics he is an active Republican, and takes an eager interest in the success of his party. GEORGE W. DAVIS. One of the prosperous and rising stockmen of Laramie county, whose address is Glendo, Wy- oming, the subject of this sketch. George W. Davis, was born on January 23, 1861, being a PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 797 native of the city of Elgin, Texas, and the son of Garland and Emily (Pettyjohn) Davis, the former a native of Georgia, and the latter of Illinois. His father was engaged in the occu- pation of farming in Texas, his farm being sit- uated near Elgin, and he there remained em- ployed in that pursuit up to the time of his death which occurred in 1893. The mother passed away in 1899, and both lie buried at Elgin. George W. Davis grew to man's estate at Elgin and upon the completion of his education, he remained at home with his father, assisting in the work and management of the farm until he had attained to the age of twenty-four years. He then determ- ined to seek his fortune in the country to the west and north, and he came to the territory of Wyoming. Here he remained for a short time at Cheyenne, and subsequently removed to the vi- cinity of his present home, where he secured employment as a range-rider, for the purpose of acquiring a practical knowledge of the cattle business, in which he intended to engage as soon as circumstances would permit. He was first employed by the T. & B. Cattle Co., one of the large companies which were operating in that sec- tion of Wyoming, and remained with them about three years. He then resigned this position and secured employment in other sections of the country in the same business until 1894. In that year he ceased working for others and com- menced ■ business for himself. Coming to his present place, situated on the Platte River, about thirty-five miles southeast of Douglas and three miles east of Glendo, Wyo., he there established himself in ranching and cattleraising. Since then he has been thus continuously employed and has met with success in his undertakings. Starting in a small way, as his limited means would per- mit, he has gradually added to his property holdings from year to year and is steadily in- creasing his business. By hard work, persever- ance and good business methods he is slowly but surely building up a successful business and is destined to become one of the leading stockmen of his section of the county. On December 17, 1897, Mr. Davis was united in the holy bonds of matrimony at Douglas, Wyo., to Mrs. Daisy L. (Jackson) Blaisdell, a native of the state of Ohio, and the daughter of Nathan and Sylvia Jackson, both natives of Ohio and also highly re- spected residents of that state. The parents of Mrs. Davis formerly resided in the state of Wy- oming, but removed to the state of Ohio, where they are now residing. Mr. Davis has adopted the three children of his wife by her former hus- band, Daniel, Eaton and Sylvia, and they consti- tute a happy family at his home at Glendo, Wyo. Politically, he is a stanch member of the Demo- cratic party, although he has never sought or de- sired public office, preferring to devote his entire time and attention to the management of his pri- vate business. He is highly respected in the community where he resides. P. J. DELANEY. Among the progressive, energetic and pop- ular dwellers on the banks of- Green River, near the La Barge postoffice, where he is prosperously engaged in profitable labor at ranching and as a stockman, Patrick J. Delaney has traveled over many a mile of distance and seen 'many countries and sections of country. It is quite a testimonial to the value of the Green River Val- ley, when he has been content to here make his home and here throws his activities toward the development of the country. Mr. Delaney was. born in Chicago, 111., on April 25, 1867, the son of James and Margaret '(Cramer) Delaney, na- tives of Ireland. The father, a millwright, came to the United States in 1853, an d industriously pursued his trade until 1873, when, locating in Kansas with his family, he there followed agri- cultural pursuits until his death, which occurred in 1879 at the age of forty years. His faithful wife did not long survive him, dying in 1880, on the Kansas farm. Their seven children were Elizabeth, who died in Kansas, aged thirteen years; William J., now a successful stockman on LaBarge Creek ; Patrick J. ; Wilbert, a fireman on the Missouri Pacific Railroad ; Edward, now of Montana. Patrick J. Delaney, after attending 79 8 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. the public schools of Kansas, at an early age be- came identified with railroad operations and was connected with various departments of this activity on various railroads for ten years of consecutive labor. Following this he became a farmer in South Dakota, where he unremittingly conducted his operations until he came to Wyo- ming in 1895, very soon thereafter taking up the tract of government land which he has devel- oped into a fine property and he is now the owner of an estate of 320 acres on which he is carrying on ranching, being diligently occupied with the care of his fine and promising herds of cattle which range over his fertile acres and the ad- jacent range. Mr. Delaney is a man of practical common sense, having a large fund of general information, being an "all-around" good citizen who has many friends. JOSEPH DITLINGER. Joseph Ditlinger, one of the representative and progressive stockmen of northern Wyoming, was born on October 5, 1862, in Jennings coun- ty, Indiana, where his parents, Adam and La- Belle Ditlinger, were prosperous farmers, hav- ing come there from their native state of Georgia, and carried on their farming industry success- fully until the death of the father in 1887, and there the mother is still living on the old home- stead. Joseph remained at home until he was fourteen years old, attending the public school in his vicinity as he had opportunity, and then, in 1876, he went to Nevada, where he worked on ranches and rode the range until 1881. He then came to Wyoming, locating at Cheyenne, and engaged in freighting for two vears from that town to the northern part of the state for cattle outfits. In 1883 he settled in Crook county, there finding congenial employment as a range- rider and cowboy until the autumn of 1887, when he took up the ranch (in which he now lives (in Horse Creek, thirty-seven miles north of Gil- lette, where he has since remained, engaged in raising sheep and horses on a scale of increasing magnitude. His business is prosperous and pro- gressive, because he makes it so. His energy and his diligent attention to its every detail, his readiness in action, quickness of perception and breadth of view, combined with his knowledge of men and business methods, give him full com- mand of the situation, and would compel success, even if the conditions were unfavorable, which they are not, for his ranch is well located, sub- stantially improved and highly cultivated. Its natural facilities for his enterprise have been con- centrated, intensified and systematized by care and labor, having been by him many times mul- tiplied in their productiveness. In politics Mr. Ditlinger is an uncompromising Republican, who always takes an active interest in the affairs of his party, giving its principles and candidates loyal and serviceable support, yet seeking none of its honors for himself. He is also deeply interested in the welfare of the community in which he lives, being ready to aid in the development of every good enterprise for the advancement and improvement of the county or state. Fraternally, he is connected with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, holding membership in the lodge at Gillette, and in church relations is a Catholic. JOHN W. DEANE. From the very acme of modern civilization and intellectual and social culture in this coun- try, a large Atlantic coast city, to the wilds of a Wyoming frontier ; from the stirring and strenu- ous life of a great commercial and manufacturing metropolis, pregnant with every form of business and mental activity in intense operation, to the lonelv, dangerous, untrammeled existence of a rangeriding cowboy, is a long stride in condi- tions as well as in longitude, but it is one that has been freely taken by many an adventurous youth in this great country, and taken, too, to his lasting and great advantage in many ways. This stride, made when he was but nineteen years of age, by John W. Deane, now of Bighorn county, Wyoming, living near Sunshine on Wood River, brought him to dwell in the closest presence of Nature, to listen to her voice of melody and pow- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. '99 er, to feel her ennobling influences, which pene- trate and mold the heart, and to see the open door of opportunity for health, fortune and suc- cess in life. Mr. Deane was born in the city of Philadelphia, Pa., on January 2, 1857, the son of Isaac and Mary (Clift) Deane, natives of Eng- land and Ireland, respectively. In that city he grew to the age of nineteen and received a good public school education. In 1878, feeling a strong desire for a career on the open plains," he came west to the frontier and trailed cattle to Ogalalla, Neb., and from there came to Green River, Wyo., where," for three years, he was a busy range-rider and freighter. At the end of that period he moved to Fort Washakie and was for a time in the employ of J. K. Moore. At the conclusion of his term of service with Mr. Moore, he began carrying the U. S. mails between the fort and Stinking Water and Trail Creek, making the trips once a month for four years, when he took a contract to do the same work between the fort and Otto Franc's ranch, a convenient point of distribution for a large extent of northern Wyoming. In 1887, he located on Wood River and turned his attention to raising stock and general farming. He owns 320 acres of good land, which he has improved with good build- ings, and much of which he has brought to pro- ductive cultivation, running an average of from seventy to 100 cattle of choice breeds. With a due regard to the claims of the neighborhood on his time and faculties, he has served for a number of years as the postmaster at Sunshine, and has made himself very useful to the people around him by his faithful attention to the duties of the office. He is also interested in the Kirwin mines and in other industries of value and holds frater- nal relations with the Modern Woodmen of America. Mr. Deane's first marriage was to Miss Emma Shephard, a native of Wisconsin, and occurred in Chicago, in October, 1899. His second wife, Matilda, was native and partially reared in Germany. She has one child by a for- mer marriage, Miss Lulu Henderson. In all the relations of life, wherever he has lived, Mr. Deane has so borne himself as to win and re- tain the respect and esteem of his fellow men, and has so used his energies as to contribute essen- tially to the advancement and development of his community and the general good of his county. WILLIAM H. DICKINSON. The enterprising and progressive manager and treasurer of the Lander Commercial Co. is distinctively a Wyoming product, having been born, reared and educated in the town where his successful business career has been so far con- ducted. He first saw the light at Lander, Fre- mont county, on May 30, 1876, the son of Pester P. (see sketch on another page of this work) and Margaret (Burke) (Heenan) Dickinson, be- ing one of 'their four children, two of whom are living. The public schools of Lander fur- nished his scholastic education, which was sup- plemented by a course of training at the East- man Business College of Poughkeepsie, N. Y., and one at Ilion College in the same state, while the commercial activities of the town gave op- portunity for the productive use of his business faculties. Upon his return from the eastern col- leges he was employee! as clerk in various stores and also in the First National Bank of Lander. In 1900 he bought the stock, of the Lander Mer- cantile Co., and, in association with Edson A. Earle, has since conducted a mercantile busi- ness, which has had a steady and healthful ex- pansion, and, from promising beginnings, has grown in popular favor, as it has more and more met the requirements of an enterprising and advancing community. Mr. Dickinson is also interested in large lumber and coal enterprises, and, in company with his father, he is actively engaged in the cattle industry. In public affairs he has a keen and constant interest, being intelli- gently concerned about everything that contrib- utes to the progress and improvement of Lander, willingly giving to it the benefit of his talents and energy. He has rendered valuable and ap- preciated service as city clerk, and has given an accelerating impulse to every public enterprise. In fraternal relations he is identified with the 8oo PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. order of Freemasons. In marital relations he has been highly favored, his wife, a cultured lady, formerly being a Miss Gertrude L. Dobler, of Rawlins, a daughter of William L. and Laviniana (Kendall) Dobler, natives of Iowa, who were among the esteemed contributions of that great state to the development and progress of the mighty Northwest. A. LeROY DICKINSON. Whatever of achievement and adornment there may be to credit to the account of later men and women, the real foundation builders of the great Northwest were these trail-blazers and early settlers who opened the way for the ad- vancing march of civilization, gave trend and di- rection to the educational and moral forces, fixed the character of the political institutions and awakened and vitalized the commercial agen- cies of the various communities. All honor to the race of noble American pioneers ! Full well they met the demands of their day and condi- tions, far better than they knew, they builded for states and polities to govern and to bless man- kind. High on the roll of this advance guard of enlightenment and civilization is written the name of A. LeRoy Dickinson, now a progressive and enterprising farmer and stockgrower on a fork of Sundance Creek, four miles from Sun- dance, whose ranch proclaims his spirit of prog- ress, his skillful husbandry, his judgment in the character of its buildings and other improve- ments, and his taste in the arrangement of its ac- commodations and their adornment. It was among the earliest parts of this territory to fall under the reclaiming industry of civilized man, and has responded bountifully to the care be- stowed upon it. Mr. Dickinson was born on June 26, 1852, in Dane county, Wis., a son of Luke and Nancy (Crane) Dickinson, natives of New York and early pioneers in that portion of Wisconsin, where they settled in 1849. The fa- ther was a farmer and carpenter, who, after working at both vocations a number of years in Dane county, removed to Adams and later to Wood county in the same state, in Wood re- maining until his death in 1865, his widow dy- ing there one year later. Thus left an orphan at the age of fourteen, Mr. Dickinson, of this review, did not have opportunity for much of the education dispensed by the schools, but was forced to take his place at Nature's own form and get his training by actual contact with the world and its contests from his very youth. He worked on farms in Wood county, and as soon as he was old enough began learning the carpenter trade. He mastered it and wrought at it for a number of years in that locality, remaining there until he was twenty-five. In 1879 ne removed to Minnesota, and, locating in McLeod county, passed four years there in peaceful and profitable farming. In 1883 he came to Deadwood, S. D., and in the fall of the year came to Wyoming, settling in Crook county and there taking up a portion of the ranch he now occupies on a fork of Sundance Creek, four miles from the town. Here he has carried on a successful and expanding cattle industry, has added to the value of -his land by judicious and well placed im- provements, working out his advancement by his own efforts, and losing no foot of ground which he once gained in the progress. He is highly es- teemed as a leading and representative citizen, being a Republican in politics, but not an active partisan, a useful factor in every project for the real benefit of the community. On June 26, 1875, in Wood county, Wis., he was married to Miss Mattie Teed, a native of that state and a daughter of Stephen and Zenetta (Barnes) Teed, natives of New York. Her father was a merchant at Lake Mills, Wis., and there both of her par- ents died at a good old age. Mr. and Mrs. Dick- inson have two children, Zenetta, married to Mr. Shroyer, and Walter. SAMUEL D. DITTO. Prominent as an excellent breeder of horses, a successful ranchman and a competent man of affairs, active and influential in politics, with a wealth of experience gathered in extensive travel PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 80 1 and being long a contractor and builder in vari- ous states and cities throughout the middle and the farther West, Samuel D. Ditto, of near Gil- lette in Crook county, stands well in the estima- tion of his community and is well equipped for all the duties of life he is called upon to perform. He was born on June 29, 1861, in Mercer county, Illinois, where his parents, John W. and Elizabeth (Redmon) Ditto, natives of Ohio, were living at the time, the beneficiaries of an extensive mer- cantile business, which was carried on by the father after having passed a number of years in successful farming. He passed nearly the whole of his life in that county, having been brought there when a boy by his parents, and, after a career of usefulness and honorable living, with all men and in every relation, he died in 1885. His wife preceded him to the grave by fourteen years, passing away in 1871. Mr. Ditto grew to manhood and was educated in his na- tive county. He assisted his father on the farm and in his business until he was twenty- four years of age, after the father's death, in 1885, coming westward to Nebraska, where he began a con- tracting and building enterprise which called him from that state through surrounding ones and still farther to the west. He built the first house erected in Alliance, Neb., put up a number of superior building blocks and residences in Utah, Nevada and Idaho, and left the proofs of his skill and great capacity for construction wherever he halted long enough to secure a contract. He first saw Wyoming in 1889, when the now thriv- ing and comely little city of Newcastle had just been spoken into being and was fast rising from her slumber of infancy to vigorous and progres- sive activity. He returned, however, for awhile to Utah and Nevada and, three years later, in 1892, after spending a few months in North Da- kota, came back to Wyoming and located at Sheridan where he remained until 1895. He then started in the horse business near Gillette and has since maintained his home in that town. In the fall of 1897 he homesteaded, on Donkey Creek, six miles east of Gillette, and, from that time, has devoted himself assiduously to build- ing up a profitable industry in the breeding of horses, giving attention to raising the standard around him, catering in a satisfactory way to an exacting market. He has scored a pronounced success in his business, enrolling his name high among the progressive men of his line and win- ning the good will of all classes of people with whom he has come in contact. He is active in local public affairs, being an ardent and unwav- ering Democrat in politics, of the kind who al- ways labor for party success, and are never beat- en until the result is announced. He is a repre- sentative citizen, esteemed wherever he is known. C. J. EARLY. Among the energetic and enterprising young men of Uinta county who are rapidly forging to the front through the force of their inherent abil- ity and a nobility of character, Christopher J. Early, of Fort Bridger, Wyoming, holds a con- spicuous place. He was born in Brooklyn, New York, on December 24, 1864, a son of James and Ellen B. (McNaughton) Early, both natives of Ireland. His father did valiant service in the bloody ranks of the Civil War, to attest the sin- cerity of his devotion to his adopted country, and was in the service at Fort Bridger, where Chris- topher received most of his education at the mil- itary school at the fort and at the local pub- lic school. Following this he was engaged with his father in the cattle business in this vicinity until 1898, when they disposed of most of their stock. In 1893 Mr. Early had filed a squatters' right-on the 160 acres, where he now makes his home, and his selection was a most valuable one, as he has it now well improved and producing bounteous crops of excellent hay. Mr. Early takes an active and earnest interest in public affairs as a member of the Republican party, and has served as a deputy assessor for several terms with marked acceptability, being also elected to the Legislature in 1902. Mr. Early was united in the bonds of holy matrimony with Miss Mary E. Kavanagh, a daughter of Dennis and Eliza- beth (Lyons) 'Kavanagh, in Salt Lake City, 802 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. Utah, on November 22, 1900. Her parents were natives of Ireland and both died in West Vir- ginia. Mrs. Early has two brothers residing in Chicago, 111., and a sister whose home is in West Virginia. Herself and husband are members of the Catholic church and they have a large cir- cle of appreciated friends. HON. MIKE MURPHY. We are in no danger of estimating too highly the extraordinary character of the age and the land in which our lot has been cast, and of the influences by which we are surrounded. What has old Romance wherewith to match the every- day realities of the past nineteenth century, es- pecially in the great Northwest of the United States? One of the forceful and productive actors in those every-day realities which carved out of the wilderness mighty states, and made them the home and the heritage of a great, free and progressive people, is Hon. Mike Murphy, a prosperous and influential ranchman of Fre- mont county, located twelve miles south of Lan- der and one and one-half west of Dallas, who, having borne the heat and burden of the day in the period of settlement and conquest, has now retired to the peaceful rest which comes only to the couch of private life. He was born in Pennsylvania on January 6, 1835, the son of John C. and Maria (Tiernan) Murphy, natives of Virginia. The father was a merchant of Irish lineage, and the mother came from an old Colonial family conspicuous in the early history of the Old Dominion in peace and war, her an- cestors of that day being valiant soldiers under Washington in the Revolution. When Mr. Mur- phy was but a young child the family removed to Illinois and some years later to Iowa. In these states he was educated and after leaving school began life for himself as a surveyor in Nebraska, going there before Omaha was founded as a deputy on the U. S. survey under surveyor John Calhoun. This was in 1854 and, although not yet a man in legal age, he rendered valuable serv- ice in helping to sectionize the territory. Set- tiny I here in Douglas count v. he was twice elected to represent her people in the Territorial Legislature. In 1859, at the time of the Pike's Peak excitement he removed to Colorado, but not succeeding to his taste in his mining ven- tures there, he traveled through that territory, New Mexico, Arizona and California into Idaho, stopping for a short time at Florence, and then going from there into the Boise basin, where in 1862, he was appointed by Governor Wallace the first county clerk and recorder of Boise county. In 1865 he went over to Montana and passed three years mining in various places, and in 1868 came to Wyoming and to South Pass City and thence to the White Pine excitement, when he went to Nevada. In 1871 he returned to this state, settling at Rawlins, where he was engaged in merchandising until 1876, being elected to the Legislature in the fall of 1875. At the close of his term he sold out his mercantile interests and joined an expedition to the Black Hills. The party was attacked by the Sioux Indians on Hat Creek near the site of Waliska and one white man was there killed and several horses were lost. This changed their plans and they went to Arizona. In the expedition were Judge Harker, John C. Friend, and other history makers of prominence. Mr. Murphy remained in Arizona until 1883, prospecting and mining, and then returned to Wyoming where he fol- lowed the same line of industry for a year or two, at the end of which time he engaged in oil development. In company with his brother Frank Murphy, president of the Merchants Na- tional Bank of Omaha, he took up considerable oil land and together the}- pressed the develop- ment of the industry, until they sold their inter r ests to Doctor Henderson, of London, England, for the sum of $100,000. Within a radius of twelve miles of Lander they had on their land three flowing wells yielding daily from 300 to 400 barrels of oil. In all of his wanderings Mr. Mur- phy's interest in public affairs never abated and soon after his return his well-known ability for legislative work and administration of official duties brought him into prominence as a public man. He was elected to the State Senate in 1890, but after the expiration of his term he HON. MIKE MURPHY. PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 803 declined a further tenure of office. He owns a fine ranch of 200 acres and is devoting his time and energies to its improvement and that of the stock industry which he has started and is de- veloping. He has seen every phase of frontier life and Wyoming knows no truer pioneer, miner or trail-blazer in every good sense of the words. MARK EDWARDS. One of the leading sheepmen and woolgrow- ers of Carbon county, Wyoming, Mark Edwards, whose address is Medicine Bow, is a native of England, where he was born in Dorsetshire, in 1855, the son of Job and Ann (Shirley) Ed- wards, both natives of that country. His father was a merchant tailor in England, where he re- mained engaged in that pursuit up to the time of his death, which occurred in 1901. His mother was a woman of great strength of character, was the parent of thirteen children, and passed away from earth in 1883 in England. Mark Edwards grew to manhood in his native country, received his early education in the public schools in the vicinity of his early home, and, after he had com- pleted his education, he engaged in farming, and continued in that occupation until 1880. He then determined to seek his fortune in the New World, and, disposing of his property in Eng- land, he sailed away to America. Upon his ar- rival in this country he proceeded to the state of Illinois, where he established his home and en- gaged in farming for two years, then disposing of his farm in that state to advantage, he re- moved to the state of Kansas. He continued in the same business in the latter state for a num- ber Of years, and, in 1890, came to Wyoming, where he engaged in the sheep and woolgrowing industry, in which he has since remained, meet- ing with conspicuous success. He is one of the progressive and prosperous stockmen of that sec- tion of the state, counted as one of the solid busi- ness men and substantial property owners of Carbon county. The first wife of Mr. Edwards was before her marriage Miss Emma Duffet, and she died in 1890, leaving one son, George Ed- wards, who is still living. In 1899 Mr. Edwards again married, this wife's maiden name being Jessie Sabin, a daughter of William and Addie (Walter) Sabin, both natives of Ohio. Her fa- ther died in 1898, at the age of fifty years, being the son of William Sabin, a native of the state of New York, who removed from his native state to the state of Ohio in early life. Her mother was a daughter of John and Mary (Cooper) Walter, both natives of Ohio. The former was a native of the state of New Jersey, who in early life removed to Ohio. The latter was born in 1823, a daughter of John Cooper, a native of New Jersey. He was also the son of John Coop- er, who was a soldier of Colonial times, an act- ive participant in the War of the Revolution. Mr. Edwards is one of the representative stock- men of Wyoming, held in high esteem by all classes of his fellow citizens. His success in business has been due to his own persistent and unaided efforts, his industry, energy and fru- gality and his careful attention to all the details of his enterprise. He has done much to develop the resources of Carbon county, and to promote the best interests of the community where he re- sides. He is one of the most valued citizens of that section of Wyoming. ANDREW DOWNS. Andrew Downs, of Sheridan county, one of the most prosperous and successful farmers and stockgrowers of this section of the state, whose well improved ranch is not only a model in ap- pearance and productiveness, but is also a high tribute to his taste and enterprise, was born in Hancock county, Ohio, on February 20, 1841. His parents, John and Margaret (Foreman) Downs, passed almost the whole of their lives in that state, the father being there native and the mother coming in early life from Pennsyl- vania where she was born. Mr. Down's grand- father was one of the first settlers in his part of Ohio, and reared his family on its fertile soil, becoming, from the beginning of his Ohio resi- dence, identified with the history of his section 1 804 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. in a leading way. His son, the father of An- drew Downs, who was engaged in farming from his youth, died in his native county in 1885, and, three years later, his widow followed him to the other world. Both now rest from their labors and await the resurrection in the county which was so essentially aided and improved by their useful lives. Andrew Downs received a com- mon-school education in his native county, and, after he grew to manhood, he worked for a time with his father on the farm. In the winter of 1865, when the building of the Union Pacific Railroad made the name of Omaha famous all over the world as one of the termini of the great transcontinental highway, he came to that city, or rather village, and, after passing a year there in various pursuits, he organized and conducted a freighting outfit along the line of the new en- terprise through Nebraska, and also afterwards through Colorado, hauling material for the road and also supplies for those who were engaged in its construction. Later he freighted to and from the Black Hills, and, at intervals, did considerable mining there and elsewhere. From 1873 to 1882, he made his home and headquarters at Fort Col- lins, Colo., and there continued his mining and freighting industries with varying success. In 1882 he came to what is now Sheridan coun- ty, Wyo., and, desiring a permanent location on good land with promising surroundings, and a safe anchorage in the cattle business, to which he had inclined for years, he took up his present ranch on Prairie Dog Creek, five and one-half miles south of Sheridan, being among the early arrivals in the neighborhood, where for some years he suffered something of the hardship and privation that is an almost inevitable concomitant of frontier life. But he worked away, steadily improving his ranch and building up his stock- interests, making the best of a situation, which, while it pinched at first, gave those promises of abundant results of value, which he has largely realized. His property is one of the best im- proved and most highly cultivated along the creek, and stands to his credit as the work of his own enterprise and courageous perseverance. On April 2, 1893, at Sheridan, Wyo., Mr. Downs was married to Miss Amanda (Wren) Gardner, a native of Iowa and a daughter of Jacob and Amanda (Snook) Wren, the former born in Pennsylvania and the latter in Ohio.- They were early emigrants to Iowa, and in Louisa county, that state, the father took up a homestead and farmed it until his death, while his widow yet is living on the homestead. Mr. Downs is an active Republican' in politics and gives his party faithful and valuable service, but he has always declined office for himself. Both himself and wife are zealous members of the First Baptist church of Sheridan, prominent in all its works of charity and benevolence. FRANCIS M. ESTES. Born and reared on the frontier, hastening from its rugged, but inspiring, life to the deluge of death and horror in the Civil War, confronting on its ensanguined fields a valiant and stubborn foe and meeting his responsibilities with man- hood and endurance, after the long war following a useful craft for years in various places, finally settling down in a highly favored region to the peaceful occupation of the old patriarchs, Fran- cis M. Estes, of South Park, in the Jackson Hole country of Wyoming, has seen many phases of human life, met and conquered many difficul- ties in his career, drunk of prosperity's sweet waters, tasted, at least, many of adversity's bitter draughts, and honestly earned the rest and gen- eral esteem he now enjoys. He was born in Hancock county, Ind., on May 26, 1833, a son of John and Matilda (Newland) Estes, the form- er being a native of Kentucky and the latter of Indiana. His father was a man of public spirit and progressive ideas, and whose usefulness was generally recognized by the people among whom he lived, whom he served well and faithfully for years as a justice of the peace. In the Hoosier state, of which he was a pioneer, he died at the age of ninety, having well sustained the tradi- tions of his South Carolina ancestry, who had been conspicuous in the military and civil his- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 805 tory of the proudest of all the states, by giving trend and force to public sentiment in Colonial times, bearing a lofty manhood into the. service of their country through the dark days of the Revolution, helping also to shape the infant com- monwealth after the close of that war and to start and conduct it along the line of glorious achievement it was destined to follow. Francis M. Estes was one of the ten children of his par- ents, five boys and five girls, of whom four are now living. He was educated in a log school- house in Indiana, in acordance with the primi- tive but vigorous methods of his time and loca- tion, and, after leaving school, he learned his trade as a plasterer, at which he worked until he enlisted in the Federal army in the defense of the Union on July 8, 1862, in Co. D, Seventy- ninth Indiana Infantry. In this command he saw active and arduous service, participating in the battles of Stone River, Chickamauga, Nash- ville, Atlanta, and the other battles, engagements and skirmishes incident to the campaigns in which they occurred, and being mustered out at Nashville, Tenn., as a sergeant on June 7, 1865, having risen from the position of a private through meritorious conduct in camp and on the field. After the war he again worked as a plas- terer and brickmason in Illinois until 1871, then lived in Indiana until 1880, when he went to Kansas and spent ten years, from there remov- ing to Colorado and there remaining two years. The next two years were passed in Salt Lake City, and, in the autumn of 1894, he came to Wyoming, where he settled on the place he now owns and occupies. It consists of 320 acres of superior land, which is devoted to farming and cattleraising, and makes a pleasant home for his family and a favorite resort for his many friends. Mr. Estes holds memberships in the Ma- sonic order, the order of Odd Fellows, and in the Grand Army of the Republic. He was mar- ried in Indiana, on April 11, 1858, to Miss Mar- tha E. McCloney, a native of that state and daughter of Aquilla and Elizabeth (Golep) Mc- Cloney, Kentuckians by nativity. The children of this fortunate union are, Thomas B., married and living one mile south of the parental estate; John, who died in infancy; Charles L., who died in Uinta county at the age of thirty; Jennie N.,- married to R. E. Dodson of Diamondville, this state ; James M., living at home. Mr. Estes is an excellent citizen, who finds his highest civil duty in a close and serviceable attention to public local affairs, seeking in all things the good of the community and its proper advancement. JAMES M. ENOCH. All climes, all countries, and, especially, all states of our Union, have furnished men of force and enterprise for the development of our great Northwest. From the Lone Star state came to Wyoming James M. Enoch, now a prominent stockgrower, farmer and citizen, living ten miles north of Sheridan, a pioneer in Wyoming, of 1880, who, since that early time has been devot- ing his energies and influence to the growth and improvement of the state and to the advancement of her people and their interests. He was born in Texas on December 10, 1854, the son of Jason and Harriet E. (Wood) Enoch, the former a native of Texas and the latter of Alabama. On a farm and stock ranch in Texas he grew to manhood, being fully educated in the hard school of experience, which gives good store of world- ly wisdom without much learning from the books. It is not to be supposed, however, that Mr. Enoch was deprived wholly of this, for he attended the schools of his neighborhood, but his opportuni- ties for schooling of this sort were limited, for life had for him stern and exacting duties from his early youth, and his devotion to and his prop- er performance of them now tell in the skill and success with which he conducts the business he has built up. In 1880 he came to Wyoming with the Murphy Cattle Co., then located on Piney Creek, where an extensive cattle business was conducted. He remained with this company un- til 1886, then came to Sheridan county to begin an independent stock industry, and which he car- ried on for two years. In 1888 he was elected sheriff of the county, and, after serving a term 8o6 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. of two years, he formed a partnership association with Capt. E. Cross in the stock business, which they carried on with profit and success until 1895. In that year he settled on the beautiful ranch on the Prairie Dog Creek, which has since been his home, and on which he has been conducting a prosperous and expanding industry, in the line he has followed through life, handling principally cattle, but having some horses and sheep. His ranch comprises 280 acres of the best land in the neighborhood and he has in addition a consid- erable acreage of leased land. It goes without saying, in connection with a man of his thrift and enterprise, that he has his place well improved, thoroughly equipped and tastefully adorned, and that it gives every evidence of his skill as a farm- er, his capacity as a stockman and of his progres- siveness as a citizen. In the consideration of im- provements for the section of country in which he lives Mr. Enoch is always in the front rank of the most active and energetic. He is president of the Prairie Dog Water Supply Co. and a mem- ber of the Kearney Lake Reservoir Co. His knowledge of the stock industry and his execu- tive ability were recognized by the leading stock- men of the state in a signal manner when he was sent in 1882 to St. Paul as the stock inspector for the Wyoming Stock Association, and his fidel- ity and great capacity in the discharge of these duties in this position won him general commen- dation. In 1889 Mr. Enoch was married in Sheridan to Miss Laura J. Buckley, a native of Wisconsin. She died in 1896, leaving three chil- dren, James H., Minnie B. and Laura J. Mr. Enoch is recognized as one of the leading citizens of the county, one of its bulwarks against the inroads of improper enterprise or narrowness of spirit, as well as one of its most capable and far- seeing developers and civic forces. JOHN W. FADDIES. It is quite remarkable to what an extent the Scotch nation has impressed itself upon the civ- ilization of the New World. Go where you will, in the older settled eastern states of the Union. the corn states of the Mississippi Valley, the grain belt lying west of the great Father of Wa- ters, into the large cities of the country or among the ranches and mines of the West and the piner- ies of Michigan, Minnesota and of the Pacific coast, everywhere you will find Scotchmen in the front rank of activity; leading men of their respective localities. We are led to these reflec- tions in considering the useful life and activities of John M. Faddies, the popular foreman of Mine No. 1 at Cumberland, Wyoming, who, born in Scotland on December 5, 1857, and yet in the early prime of life, has attained a position of marked responsibility as the logical sequence of his ability, honesty and great capability. Mr. Faddies is a native of Dunbartonshire, Scotland, and a son of David and Elizabeth (Train) Fad- dies. He was one of their ten children, of whom seven are now living. His father was a son of James Faddies and the family has been estab- lished in Scotland for many generations, pro- ducing in each, in due succession, citizens of the best character, quiet, unostentatious and God- fearing people. David Faddies, a miner in Scot- land, became interested in the teachings of Mor- mon missionaries and, in 1871. came with his family to Utah, to become a unit in the great ag- gregation of that industrious and faithful peo- ple, who, by their tireless industry, haA^e literally made the desert to blossom as the rose. In that new country the father and mother conscien- tiously labored, acquiring and holding the high esteem of the people of their community, until they were summoned from earth, the father in 1879. a t the age of seventy- five, and the mother in 1887 at the age of seventy-eight years. They await the resurrection in the little city of Coal- ville, where they are buried. John M. Faddies received the solid education of the Scotch schools, early engaged in coal mining in his native land, and this vocation he has followed all of the years of his life from that early time. Quick to learn, cool, resourceful and energetic, it is not surpris- ing that, after coming to Utah with his parents in 1 87 1, he did not have to labor long before his un- doubted qualifications secured his appointment PROGRESSIVE MEN OF' WYOMING. 807 as an assistant mine foreman. He had scarcely passed his legal age of manhood when this office came to him, and, in this service he conducted himself with such wise prudence and ability, that, in 1 901, he was placed in the highly responsible position of foreman of the mine, which he is now holding and giving the best of satisfaction in the discharge of its onerous duties. Mr. Fad- dies was married on April 2, 1877, in Coalville, Utah, with Miss Isabelle Sim, a Scotch lassie and a daughter of Robert and Isabelle (Hendry) Sim. They have had ten children, of whom six survive, and the names of the children are : Elizabeth, wife of Benjamin Bagnell, of Cum- berland ; Isabelle, died at three years of age ; Da- vid T. ; Robert S.; James; Mary; Lewis, John and Samuel, all three dying in infancy ; Martha V. Mr. Faddies has ever taken an active and a prominent part in public, educational and po- litical affairs, and wielded an important influ- ence. He was a delegate to the first Democratic convention that met in the state and was a strong man in its proceedings. Circumstances have changed his political creed, for he is now an influential Republican. He is a very useful member of the school board of Cumberland and holds religious membership in the Church of Lat- ter Day Saints. He is a strong factor in all measures standing for the advancement of the community, county and state, and both himself and family rank in the highest estimation of the best people of his section, while in the pleasant home circle a generous hospitality ever exists, winning the stranger as well as their friends. ROBERT FADDIES. One of the popular and influential citizens of Almy, Wyoming, is Mr. Faddies, who is a native of Kilwinning, Scotland, where he was born on September 21, 1850, a son of Robert and Jean- nette (Wilson) Faddies. The family has long been renowned in Scottish history and has ever been conspicuous for those knightly character- istics, valor and courtesy. The father, born in 1824, died in 1889, was a lifelong miner, a man of good parts and reputable life, and a son of Robert and Lida (Thompson) Faddies. This elder Robert died in 1863 at the age of seventy years, his wife passing from earth ten years later at the venerable age of ninety years, a veritable "Mother in Israel." The mother of our subject, who was a daughter of Alexander and Jeannette (Kennedy) Wilson, still resides at Kilwinning, at the age of seventy, honored and reverenced by all of her acquaintance. The subject of this review, Robert Faddies, was provided with that solid ed- ucation given in the excellent national schools of Scotland until he was nine years of age, he then engaging as a miner in the coal mines, where for twelve years he gave steady and honest labor, and acquired that practical knowledge of the business that has been of great service to him in the west- ern country of his adoption. In 1881 Mr. Fad- dies emigrated from Scotland, crossing the At- lantic and choosing Indiana as the state of his first residence, here continuing to be identified with mining, subsequently engaging in the same vocation in Utah. His persistent industry, his genial disposition and his fund of general infor- mation and technical knowledge of his profession, made him many friends, and he was ever held in high esteem, being prospered in his undertakings and labors. In 1886 Mr. Faddies came to Almy, Wyo., where he is now an esteemed citizen, and worked at mining until he turned his attention to that profitable industry, the raising of stock. Se- curing a homestead claim of 160 acres, lying on Bear River, not many miles from Almy, he has added to his estate until his holdings now consti- tute a fine estate, where he is developing a most convenient and pleasant home, and conducting a prosperous business in his special line of indus- try, giving especial attention to the raising of cat- tle. Mr. Faddies has been twice married; first, in 1870, with Miss Elizabeth McCutcheon, who was a daughter of John and Mary (Anderson) McCutcheon, old residents of Kilwinning, where she was born in 1850, and died in 1886, and where her body is now quietly reposing in the ancient cemetery. The children of this union were Rob- ert and Mary (twins), Jeannette and Lida. The second marriage was with Sarah Bartlett, on 8o8 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. April 25, 1892. She was born in Wales, the daughter of George and Jane (Lewis) Bartlett, the father being a native of England and coming to America and crossing the plains as a pioneer of pioneers of Wyoming. Mrs. Faddies had been previously married with Frank Murphy, by whom she had three children, Alice, Nettie and Thomas, and from whom she obtained a divorce. She has borne two children to Mr. Faddies, John and Sarah; This family stands high in the social cir- cles of the community and a pleasant hospitality radiates from the fireside. Mr. Faddies also takes great and active interest in local matters of public interest, being an ardent member of his political party and a very highly esteemed citizen of his section of the commonwealth. ISAAC FERGUSON. A self-made man, and essentially the archi- tect of his own fortunes, the subject of this re- view enjoys distinctive prestige as one of the leading citizens of the community in which he resides. Isaac Ferguson is a son of Jacob and Frances (Humble) Ferguson, both parents hav- ing birth in England. By occupation the father was a carpenter, and, for many years, he followed contracting and building upon quite an extensive scale. About 1850 he brought his family to the United States, settling at Salt Lake City, Utah, near which place he engaged in farming, also de- voting much of his time and attention to con- tracting and to merchandising. He continued these different lines of industry until within a comparatively recent date, when, by reason of infirmities incident to advancing age, as well as on account of the comfortable competence he had acquired by years of honorable toil, he retired from active life and is now living among his chil- dren. Jacob Ferguson is a man of excellent rep- ute, a devoted member of the Mormon, church, a great lover of his family and his home, and stands high in the confidence and esteem of his fellow citizens. He has long been one of the leaders of the church to which he belongs, and, by a life void of offence towards God and man. has loner dem- onstrated the genuineness and worth of applied Christianity. Mrs. Ferguson is also living, and, like her husband, she is active in religious and charitable work, cooperating with him in promot- ing the interests of the church with which they have been so long identified. Jacob and Frances Ferguson are the parents of twelve children, seven sons and five daughters, of whom five are living, Isaac being the eldest of the number. Isaac Ferguson grew to young manhood on his father's farm in Utah, meanwhile attending, as opportunities afforded, the public schools of his neighborhood. While still a youth, he began earning money for himself at different kinds of employment, and, later, he engaged to raise sheep for a share of the proceeds, continuing the latter business in his native state until 1890. In that year he came to Wyoming, and here took up a homestead of 160 acres, situated on Hams Fork, about twenty-one miles north of Kemmerer, sub- sequently obtaining possession of the same amount of desert land not far distant. Here he started in the stock business, beginning with only eight head of cattle and eighteen horses, and suf- fered a serious reverse in the following year on account of the hard winter that visited Star Val- ley. Nothing daunted, however, Mr. Ferguson, with commendable energy, rallied from his stroke of ill-fortune, and, restocking his place from time to time, was soon on the high road to prosperity. Considering his modest beginning, and the mis- fortune which overtook him at the very outset of his career, it is doubtful if any other man in this part of the country has met with the success that has attended Mr. Ferguson's efforts in the stock business. He made man}- valuable improvements' on his place, increased his stock largely, and in time became one of the most enterprising and prosperous men in the valley, a prestige which he still retains. In addition to his business affairs, Air. Ferguson has taken an. active interest in public matters, being largely instrumental in in- troducing schools, serving as a member of the local board of education ever since the district was organized. He is public spirited, in all thai the term implies, a promoter of enterprises calcu- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 809 lated to advance the interests of the community, .both materially and otherwise, being in many respects a leader among his fellow citizens. He is held in high esteem by all who know him, and he shows himself worthy of every mark of con- fidence with which he has been honored. On May 13, 1882, was solemnized the ceremony which united Mr. Ferguson and Miss Mary Fenn in the bonds of wedlock. Mrs. Ferguson is the able daughter of Frederick and Elizabeth (Cox) Fenn, natives of England, and she has borne her husband these children : Isaac, died in infancy ; Frederick, died at the age of two years ; William George, Isaac, Ellen, Ida, Essie, Frances. TFIOMAS A. FRANCIS. Long connected with coal mining in his na- tive country of Wales, England, and, through his technical knowledge- thereof, identifying himself with noted coal operations in the United States for a long term of years in a prominent way, Thomas A. Francis has also laid broad and deep the foundations of a remunerative agricultural life, and is passing the evening of his days in his beautiful rural home, located fifty miles north of Rock Springs, Wyoming, his estate embracing 340 acres of the richest agricultural land of the country, where he is conducting farming and stockraising operations with very satisfactory re- sults, being considered one of the leading men of a wide range of country, his family standing high in the regards of the better people of the county. Thomas A. Francis was born in Glamorganshire, South Wales, on September 12, 1838, a son of Thomas and Rachel (Williams) Francis, who descended from families that . had been resident in Wales from time immemorial. The father, a cokemaker, was the son of another Thomas, who was a farmer, and, in the family of this last named Thomas, were twenty-four sons and daughters, all born to one marriage. This re- markable fecundity, however, did not descend to his progeny, for in our subject's father's family were but nine children, and, of these, but two are now living • three of the number emi- grating to America. Accustomed to labor from early years, the little attendance Mr. Francis could give to the Welsh schools did little more than start him on the road to knowledge, but this lit- tle he increased in America by diligent study at night-schools, while working in the mines, by self-tuition and by carefully selected reading, un- til he now possesses a broad range of practical and technical knowledge, that surpasses in utility the knowledge obtained by many men in a uni- versity course. Emigrating from Wales in 1865, he made his first objective point a central location in the coal fields of Pennsylvania, continuing to be there employed for about three years, when, going to Mahaska county, Iowa, he there con- ducted mining operations until 187 1, at which time his broad understanding of the principles underlying the successful operations of the mines brought him the advanced position of mine boss, and, in 1875, he was placed in charge of a pros- pecting crew operating in Lucas county for the Whitebreast Coal and Mining Co., and here both his practical and scientific geological knowledge were of great advantage to his company, for at Lucas, where other coal men had diligently pros- pected and searched for ten years with utterly fruitless results, he was the first to discover the valuable coal deposits existing at that place. Here he very fully developed the new mines, placing them on a solid and paying basis, being in full charge of their operations, until 1882, when he came to Wyoming to recuperate, his health hav- ng become impaired. He here engaged as a mine foreman in the opening of the new mine, No. 6, at Rock Springs, continuing to be thus employed and also in the care of the mine until he closed it in 1886, on account of the great riot at that place. Remaining with the same employ- ers, he had full charge of the Jefferson mines thereafter until 1894, being a trusty, faithful and efficient employe. Changing to another and more independent station of life, Mr. Francis then pur- chased the place where he now resides, 340 acres of most fertile and productive bottom land, lying in the Pipesville district, along the Big Sandy River, and there engaged in the stock business, 8io PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. which he lias continued and is continuing with very satisfactory results, having developed a place, attractive in appearance and well equipped for the successful carrying on of his extensive operations. Mr. Francis has long been a member of the Masonic fraternity, while, as a zealous Re- publican, he is quite prominently associated with public affairs, being a frequent delegate to coun- ty and state conventions of his party. On No- vember 15, 1859, at Powtypridd, Wales, he was united in marriage with Miss Eleanor Phillips, a daughter of William and Mary (Jenkins) Phil- lips, natives of Wales. Her father, a son of Ed- ward and Margaret (Williams) Phillips, was a farmer, and she was the eldest of his three chil- dren and is the only one now living. Mr. and Mrs. Francis have had ten children, William P., died in Wales, aged four years ; John, died in infancy ; William P., married Miss Margaret Z. Cox, and is residing about forty miles from the parental home; John C, died at seventeen years of age in Iowa : Mary R., died in infancy ; Harrv T., married Miss Ida V. Davis, and lives at Weiser, Idaho; Margaret A., married John T. Chambers, a sheepman of Uinta county ; Arthur J., married Miss Margaret J. Decker, and is liv- ing at Little Sandy ; Edward O., deceased ; Al- bert, deceased. Mrs. Francis is truly more than an ordinary woman, for, beside the care of the large family which has been placed in her keep- ing, she has been the faithful helpmeet and ad- viser .of her husband in many of his important operations, and it is not too much to say that, in many ways, his fortunate career has been the more prosperous by her practical ability and sound common sense. DAA/ID A. FAKLER. The city attorney of Newcastle, county at- torney of Weston county, chairman of the county central committee of his political party, and chan- cellor commander of the local lodge of the Knights of Pythias, official life has found in Dav- id A. Fakler, now of Newcastle, Wyoming, a readiness and capacity for the proper discharge of its duties, and has been free and generous in bestowing upon him its honors. He is a native of Winona, Minn., where he was born on June 16, 1867, the son of William and Cecilia (Juixle) Fakler, German folk by nativity, who came to America when they were young and were mar- ried at Winona, where they engaged in farming, until 1878, when they removed to Sioux Falls, S. D., and, near that growing place, continued their agricultural pursuits. The mother died on August 6, 1897, and the father survives, making his home at Sioux Falls. David A. Fakler re- mained with his parents until he was twenty years of age, attending the public schools, as he had opportunity, and finishing his education with a special course of training at the Sioux Falls Busi- ness College. In 1887 he came to Wyoming, and, locating in Crook county, worked on the range and ranches, living frugally, saving his monev and preparing himself for a-more exalted station in life. He used his opportunities to gather cat- tle and horses, selling them at good profits, thus carrying on a small, but agreeable and advantage- ous, business for himself. In 1893 he removed to Newcastle and secured employment as a ste- nographer for M. B. Camplain, Esq.. a leading attorney of that place, he having acquired facil- ity in the art of shorthand after learning it at the business college. He studied law while working for Mr. Camplain. and Mas admitted to the bar on April 22, 1896. After practicing alone for eighteen months he formed a partnership with Mr. Camplain, and was associated with him in the practice of his profession until the spring of 1898. when the partnership was dissolved, because of the appointment of Mr. Fakler to the office of county attorney, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of R. H. Yosburgh. He filled this of- fice under appointment until November. 1900. and was then elected for a full term without opposi- tion. His conduct in the discharge of its im- portant, and often trying, duties has won. him universal commendation, and has also given the community a high degree of satisfaction. He has. in addition to his official duties, a large and representative private practice, being well es- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 811 teemed as a forceful and inspiring potency in political affairs. He is chairman of the Republican county central committee, and, in this connection, he has contributed essentially to perfect and make aggressive the organization of his party and to lead it to successive victories. As the city attorney of Newcastle he has given con- sistency and firmness to municipal authority, and has held its enactments up to a high standard of breadth and efficiency. While nothing in his pro- fessional or official duties is neglected, he does not allow them to absorb his whole time or at- tention. He has a profitable real-estate and in- surance business and is interested in oil lands of great promise and value. On May 8, 1896, he was married to Mrs. Liva H. Rounds, of New- castle, a native of New York. She has two chil- dren, Fay and Bertha. Mr. Fakler is the chan- cellor commander of the Knights of Pythias lodge at Newcastle, and holds memberships in lodges of the Red Men and the Woodmen of the World at that place. In religious affiliation he owes obedience to the Catholic church. FRED W. FREVERT. r The subject of this sketch is one of the rep- resentative farmers and worthy citizens of Lara- mie county, Wyoming, with the agricultural in- terests of which he has been very closely iden- tified since the spring of 1893. From that time he has done much by his activity and influence to develop the rich resources of this section of the state, besides taking no inconsiderable part in the public affairs of the county. Fred W. Frevert is of German descent and dates his birth from De- cember 23, i860, having first seen the light of day in Auglaize county, Ohio. His parents, A. F. and Mary Frevert, were natives of Germany. They came to the United States in the early fifties and settled in Auglaize county, Ohio, where the father carried on agricultural operations until his death at his Ohio home. The mother also lived there to the end of her days, departing this life in the spring of 1901. Fred W. Frevert was reared to maturity in his native county, and dur- ing the winter seasons of his minority attended the public schools. He grew up a continued help to his parents and remained with them, assisting to run the farm until he reached the age of twen- ty-four, taking upon himself the management of the place, and the major part of the work, during the last four or five years of the time thus spent. In 1882 he severed his home ties and went to Syracuse, Neb., near which place he worked as a farm laborer for about two years, at the expira- tion of that time going to Cheyenne county, now Scotts Bluff county, in the same state, where he entered a tract of government land, and at once began its improvement. Not liking the country, however, he sold his place at the end of one year, and, in the spring of 1887, came to Wyoming. Soon after his arrival, he entered the employ of the P F Cattle Co., and, for about three years, worked on the Platte River ranch, principally as driving granger. In the fall of 1890 he returned to Nebraska, and, renting land in Scotts Bluff county, farmed there until 1893, in the spring of which year he again came to Wyoming, and took up the ranch, on the Platte River, twelve miles east of Fort Laramie, which he has since made his home. Mr. Frevert was exceedingly fortunate in his choice of land, his place lying in one of the most fertile agricultural regions of Laramie county, easily accessible to good markets. His own land, and lands in the vicinity, are well watered, and are peculiarly adapted to the grow- ing of all grains, vegetables and the fruits raised in this latitude, and they also produce the finest and most nutritious herbage for grazing purposes. Mr. Frevert has put a number of substantial im- provements on his place, adding greatly to its value, and, in the prosecution of his labors as an agriculturist, he has met with success surpassing his fondest expectations. He is also interested in stockraising, and on his ranch may be seen many of the finest cattle in this part of the coun- try. He takes pride in his animals, especially those used for domestic purposes, and is an ex- cellent judge of cattle and horses. He came to Wyoming in comparatively limited circumstances, but, with characteristic energy, he addressed him- self to the task of improving his condition, and that he has succeeded in this highly laudable aim 8l2 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. is fully attested by the large and well-improved estate now in his possession, and by the respect- able positions to which, he has attained in the business world. By a well-directed industry, his place has been brought to a high state of tillage, and his home is now one of the most attractive and desirable places of residence in the part of the county in which it is situated. Energetic and progressive, he has made his presence felt in many ways, and his standing as one of the representa- tive citizens of the county is fully and permanent- ly established. On March 19, 1892, Mr. Frevert was joined in marriage with Miss Matilda Brod- erson, of Germany, a daughter of Christian and Matilda (Mathesen) Broderson, the ceremony being solemnized at Scotts Bluff, Neb. Mr. and Mrs. Frevert are members of the Lutheran church, active in the good work of the same. In politics Mr. Frevert is a Republican, but not a partisan. Since first coming to the West he has made two visits to his birthplace in Ohio, one in 1888, before his marriage, the other with his wife, in 1901, which covered two years of time. L. B. FOSTER. L. D. Foster, of Lovell, Wyoming, is one of the prosperous and enterprising stockmen and farmers of Bighorn county, whose whole estate is the legitimate fruit of his individual energy, clear- ness of view and capacity. His early life was darkened by the death of his mother, when he was but an infant, and by the absence of his father, who left home for the gold fields of Cali- fornia when his child was but five years old. and never returned. Thus wholly lett to the care of strangers to his blood, and, necessarily, to his own resources for advancement in the world, his condition developed his native strength and flex- ibility of fiber, making him ready for any emer- gency which might confront him. Well and \\iscl\ has he used the opportunities, which Ins quickness of perception opened to him, and, with resolute self-reliance and diligent application un- der all circumstances, he has made his way to competence and general esteem in the new coun- try, to which he came as a soldier of fortune, in 1886. Mr. Foster was born in 1844 in the state of Kentucky, of which his parents, Asa J., and Martha Foster, were also natives. Not long after his birth his mother died, and, in 1849, his father joined the Argonauts in the memorable Califor- nia stampede of that year. In his native state, the deserted orphan grew to manhood, gathering a little learning here and there, by irregular at- tendance at the public schools, working at any occupation that was found available, however hard the toil or poor the recompense. In 1872, his adventurous spirit impelled him to seek a bet- ter fortune and wider opportunities in the wake of the setting sun, and he went to Idaho, where he engaged in farming and he met his long-ab- sent father, whom he had not seen since he Avas five years old. For fourteen years he carried on his farming operations in Idaho, coupled with other work of various kinds from time to time, and, in 1886, after many reverses and changes of fortune, he arrived in Wyoming, and located in the Bighorn basin, ready for a new tussle with the fickle goddess, who had been so unkind in his former ventures. He had a partner with him, and their joint capital in money was twenty-five cents. But nothing daunted by this fact, he went vigorously to work on a homestead, which he lo- cated on the present site of Lovell, after wintering at the mouth of the Stinking Water, improving his property and reducing it to productiveness and fitness for the stock business he was prepar- ing to conduct on it. After a few years of moder- ate success in this enterprise, he sold this ranch and bought the one he now owns and occupies, and which has been greatly improved and fructi- fied by his careful and energetic management. For some years he was also engaged in mercan- tile life in a general store at Lovell. His enter- prise in the improvement and development of the new country in which he had settled was not overborne by difficulties or unpromising - condi- tions. Finding his land fertile, but also arid, he opened a ditch from the river near which he was located, by which to irrigate it. This was not only of great benefit to him, but inspired others to the same activity, his being the first ditch taken out of the Stinking Water. His ranch now com- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 8i3 prises 480 acres of excellent, well-watered and highly improved land, being one of the choice tracts of the basin. His herds are large, of good breed and quality, and his numerous horses are of pure strains and high grades. With the great- er part of bis life already passed and the most of bis existence full of tips and downs, burdened with toil, darkened with care, menaced with dan- ger and embittered by privation, Mr. Foster can yet look back over it with the proud satisfaction that he ever confronted its severe and trying regi- men with courage and fidelity to duty, and through it came steadily forward to a stronger spirit and a higher development; that it prepared. him to enjoy more fully the prosperity he has since won, and broadened him for life's later du- ties and for substantial service to his community and kind ; that his present peace and comfort are all the better because of the discipline through which he reached them. JESSE M. FROST. Jesse M. Frost was reared on a farm near Albert Lea, Minnesota, where he was born on December 20, 1867, and was educated at the' pub- lic schools. His father, Mahlon Frost, was a na- tive of Ohio, and his mother, whose maiden name was Nancy E. Ward, came from Pennsylvania. They were well-to-do farmers in Minnesota, and in 1883 they sold their property in that state and removed to Bismarck, N. D., where they re- mained three years. In 1886 they came to Wyo- ming, locating in Bighorn county, took up their residence at first on the South Fork of the Sho- shone River, and there father and son engaged in hunting and in. trapping for two years, when, in 1888, they changed their residence to the place where the son now lives, at Frost Station, and settled on land which they there took up on homestead and desert claims, and on which they started the cattle business that J. M. Frost is still conducting. Since that time the parents have removed to California where they are now living. Mr. Frost has 400 acres of good land and runs about 250 high-grade cattle. He has been thrifty and frugal in his life, as well as industrious and enterprising in his business, and has accumulated a competency, owning valuable property in Mee- teetse and also in Cody. His ranch and stock industries, however, form his principal business, and to them he gives a close and careful atten- tion, bringing to bear on their operations, with a view to securing the best results, the intelligence acquired from judicious reading and discriminat- ing observation, omitting no effort on his part considered necessary to the full fruition of his hopes in every respect touching the business in ■ which he is engaged. The well-improved condi- tion of his ranch proclaims his energy and skill as a farmer, while the appearance of his cattle showed the care he bestows upon them. He is well-known as one of the progressive and wide- awake stockmen of his neighborhood, whose bus- iness capacity and sagacity has impressed itself on everything of which he has taken hold, and his public spirit and breadth of view respecting local public affairs, have made him a factor in all mat- ters tending to the advancement and improve- ment of the community. He is a valued member of the lodge of Modern Woodmen of America at Cody, and gives to its affairs the same earnest attention and zealous service that he gives to every interest which he has in charge. On Sep- tember 27, 1899, he was united in marriage with Miss Elizabeth Brannon, a native of Illinois, but, at the time of her marriage, residing at Cody, where the marriage occurred. They have these children, Jesse and Lisle and Wilmet. JAMES FRANCIS. The subject of this sketch, James Francis, was born in the city of New York on March 5, 1840, a son of Michael and Jane (Rourke) Francis, both natives of Ireland, who came from their native land to the United States in 1839, and es- tablished their home in New York, where the father followed railroading. James was the old- est of their family of twelve children. He' re- ceived his early education in New York, and in the public schools of Illinois, to which common 814 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. wealth his parents removed during his child- hood. Upon leaving school, he secured employ- ment from Judge White, who was at that time largely interested in the overland transportation, and drove an ox team overland to Omaha, in the territory of Nebraska. Subsequently, he joined an overland train, and came to the new placer mining discoveries in Last Chance Gulch, Mon- tana, where the city of Helena is now located. Here he engaged for a time in mining, and was interested in the construction of the first quartz mill erected in Montana. After disposing of his interests in Montana, he removed to Leesburg, Idaho, where he continued mining for about two years, wheiij locating at Montpelier, he followed the dual occupations of hunting and trapping for two seasons, and then accepted a position in the employ of the Union Pacific Railroad at Raw- lins, Wyo. He was soon promoted to foreman, and was actively interested in the great strike at Rock Springs, Wyo., in connection with which it became necessary to call out the United States troops at Fort Bridger. He then removed to Evanston, Wyo., where he continued as foreman for the railroad for a short time. Resigning this position for the purpose of engaging in business for himself, he came to the vicinity of Cokeville, where he embarked in the business of getting out and hauling ties for the railroad. After continu- ing in this vocation for some months, he sold out and removed his residence to Iowa, where he fol- lowed agricultural pursuits during the next ten years. At the end of that time, he again came west, and located his present ranch property, sit- uated near Raymond, Idaho, about eleven miles north of Cokeville, where he has since been en- gaged in the business of ranching and in cattle- raising. Here he is now the owner of a finch- improved farm of some 320 acres, being one of the substantial ranchmen and stockgrowers of that section of the country, hi 1860. at Webster City, Iowa, Mr. Francis was married to Miss Catherine Bresswait, a native of Germany. To their union was born four children, namely, Michael W. ; Mollie, deceased; Anna, now mar- ried and residing in Dubuque, Iowa : Tessie. His first wife passed away in Iowa, and. on Novem- ber 19, 1887, Mr. Francis was united in mar- riage to Miss Rebekah Price, at Montpelier, Idaho. She is a native of Pennsylvania, being a daughter of Alfred and Jane (Williams) Price, the former a native of England, and the latter of Wales. Six children have been born to them, Nettie, Mary J., Sadie B., James Raymond. Wil- liam Richard and Cleon Sanford. The family- are highly respected in the community where they reside. Mr. Francis is one of the enterpris- ing and public-spirited stock and ranchmen of western Wyoming, active and foremost in all public improvements, and has done much to* ad- vance the interests of that section of the state. ARTHUR H. FYE. One of the promising young men engaged in the business of cattleraising in Laramie county, Wyoming, is the subject of this brief sketch, Arthur H. Fye, whose address is Hecla. He is a native of Jo Daviess county, 111., born on Au- gust 17, 1873. His parents were long respected residents of that county, and are now residing: in Laramie county, Wyo. The subject of this im- perfect review grew to manhood in his native state of Illinois, and received his early school train- ing in the public educational institutions of the state, and, in 1890, he accompanied his parents on their long journey when they removed their residence from Illinois to the state of Wyoming. After his arrival in the latter state, he continued to remain at the parental home, assisting his fa- ther in the work and the management of the home ranch, and of the cattle business, in which the latter was engaged about five years. He then secured employment as a range-rider for vari- ous companies, handling cattle in Laramie countv and continued in that occupation for about three years, earning the reputation of being one of the most efficient and capable cattlemen in that section of the state. In the year 1898 he ac- cepted a -position in Montana, and there he had charge of a band of cattle for a short time. He then resigned this position and removed his resi- dence to Butte, Mont., where he accepted a posi- tion in the employ of his brother. Edward Fye, PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 8i5 who was then engaged in the coal business at that place. He remained here, busily engaged in Butte, occupied in this employment until 1900, when he again returned to the state of Wyo- ming, and, associating himself in business with his brother, Boyd M. Fye, took a lease on the well-known Gilchrist ranch, situated on the Middle Crow Creek, about seventeen miles west of the city of Cheyenne, and since that time they have been successfully engaged in the business of raising cattle at this place. The energy, perse- verance and industry of these brothers in the prosecution of their business is well known, and they are pushing their enterprise with commend- able vigor and ability. Arthur M. Fye is one of the most respected citizens of the community where his home is located, and is a young man who is certain, if dire misfortune does not at- tack him, to make a name and fortune. JAMES GADBY. This well-known stockman and farmer, whose ranch is on Hilliard Flat, Uinta county, Wyo- ming, was born in Derbyshire, England, on May 11, 1843, a son of William and Sarah (Wells) Gadby, the former of whom was also a native of England, but the latter was a native of Wales. William Gadby, the father of James, was a dis- tinguished engineer in England, and his father, who was also named William, was in his day an astronomer of celebrity. James Gadby is the next to the eldest of eleven children born to his parents, of the other ten, James, the eldest, is de- ceased and William, who follows James in order of birth, is a resident of Illinois. The parents of this family both died in England. James Gadby, in whose interest this sketch is princi- pally prepared, came to the United States in 1 88 1 where he was employed in coal mining three years, when he returned to England and re- mained until 1886, then came back to America, located in Colorado and mined for some time, thence coming to Wyoming and for about eigh- teen months he mined at Rock Springs, Sweet- water county, and he then entered rural life 011 his present farm of 160 acres on Hilliard Flat, where he has since been engaged in both stock- raising and farming. Mr. Gadby has been three times married. His first venture on the matri- monial sea was made in England in 1868, when he chose for his companion on life's voyage, Miss Alice Haynes, a daughter of William Haynes, but she was called from life when she was but thirty-nine years old, although she had then borne him eleven children, of whom but one is now living, Alice M., the wife of Herbert Brown of Evanston, Wyo. The second marriage took place in 1883 also in England, when Miss Kate Thomson became his wife. She died in Not- tinghamshire, England, leaving no children. His third marriage to Ann Bates, a daughter of Wil- liam and Sarah Bates, also took place in Eng- land. The present Mr. and Mrs. Gadby are de- voted members of the Methodist Episcopal church, to the support of which they liberally contribute and its pious teachings are daily man- ifested in their upright walk among. their neigh- bors and their fellow citizens, by whom thev are highly respected. Mr. Gadby possesses all the public spirit and independence of principle and sense of justice inherent in his race, and these have never been contaminated nor pervert- ed by the mutations of time nor by the influence of the many classes of people it ' has been his fortune to have met. His integrity is inflexible and he is a good type of the industrious, sober yeomanry of England, improved and broadened by his wide connection with the affairs of both the old' and the New World. DR. CYRUS T. GAMBLE. The life of a rural doctor on the frontier is full of toil and calls for stern endurance. The day's work, and often that of the night, covers many miles of hard riding, frequently in storm of wind or rain or snow, over bad roads through a wild and often dangerous country. His hard- ships and adventures, though often thrilling in the recital, seem, however, to him in the experi- 8i6 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. ence only the regular and natural features of his daily vocation. He is inured to toil and ex- posure and knows no other life. Moreover, Na- ture, distributing her favors with a system of constant balances and compensations, gives him, through his very hardships, a toughness of fiber and a flexibility of function, which keep him in condition for his work, and enable him to con- tinue it long and do it well. Dr. Cyrus T. Gam- ble, of Diamondville, Uinta county, belongs to this class of public servants, for in his career he has exhibited much of the heroism of the class. He was born at Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, on September 25, 1856. one of the ten children of Moses and Margaret (Smith) Gamble, the fa- ther a native of Canada and the mother of Coun- ty Cavan, Ireland. The paternal ancestors were the oldtime Campbells of the renowned Scottish clan- of that name whose history is glorious in peace and war and voluminous in all the chron- icles of Scotland. One branch of the family emi- grated in early Colonial times to America and settled in Pennsylvania, from which branch the Doctor is derived. His father was a prosperous carriagemaker, a man of domestic tastes, devoted to his home and family. In mature life he left his native heath and settled at Westport, S. D., where in 1897 his wife died, and where two years later he also passed away. Both were mem- bers of the Methodist Episcopal church. Of their ten children seven are living. The Doctor received a thorough public school education in his native land, and got his professional instruc- tion at the Fort Wayne College of Medicine, from which he was graduated in 1886. He entered on the practice of his profession in Michigan, after two years of close attention to it in that state, removing to South Dakota where he practiced for three years. He then came to Almy, Wyo., and there served as physician and surgeon for the Rock) - Mountain Coal and Iron Co. for nine years. From there he removed to Diamondville, on his arrival taking the position of physician and surgeon to the Diamond Coal & Coke Co., which he is still filling, with great credit to him- self and with benefit to the company and its em- ployes. He is, like his father, a man of strong domestic tastes, warmly attached to his home and its pleasures. He is also fervently devoted to his profession, making it his chief concern, being a diligent and discriminating reader of its litera- ture and an intelligent practitioner in all of its branches. He is a member of the International Railroad Surgeons' Society, the Intermountain Medical Association and also belongs to the American Medical Association. In fraternal re- lations he affiliates with the Odd Fellows, the United Workmen and the Woodmen of the World, holding memberships in these orders at Diamondville, where he is the medical exam- iner for all of them. He was married at Leola, S. D., on October 25, 1888, to Miss Elizabeth A. King, a daughter of William and Alice (Oli- ver) King, natives of England, but for years res- idents of Ontario, Canada. Three children have been born to the Doctor, Blaine, LeRoy and Irene. To the duties of her attractive home and the judicious rearing of her children, Mrs. Gam- ble gives attention, but finds also time to give a generous inspiration to the social circles of which she is a valued member. VAN L. GILFORD. This active, energetic and prosperous resi- dent of Goldsmith, Wyoming, is a native of Rich- mond, Virginia, where he was born on August 16, 1862, being the son of Edward and Mary (Connor) Gilford, the former a native of the state of Iowa, and the latter of Massachusetts. The father was a physician by profession, and up to 1861 was a resident of the state of Iowa. In that year his sympathies being strongly on the side of the South in the great Civil War which was then raging, he removed from Iowa to the city of Richmond, Va., and offered his service^ to the Confederate states, and at once received a commission as captain in a Virginia regiment of the Southern army, serving in an official capac- ity during the entire war. He had been a sol- dier in the Mexican War, entering the army at the early age of sixteen years. At the conclus- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. .817 ion of the Civil War Captain Gilford removed his residence from Richmond to Montgomery, the capital of the state of Alabama, where he was the postmaster of that city for a term of four years. In 1870, he removed his residence to Bel- ton, Texas, and subsequently to Oletha, in the same state, where he resided until his death in 1874. After his active and varied career he lies buried in Grimes county, Texas. The mother is still living - at Thornton, Texas. Van L. Gilford grew to manhood and received his early acad- emic training in the schools of Oletha, Texas. After completing his education he learned the pottery trade, in which he was engaged until 1883. In that year, having an ambition to en- gage in the stock business, he went to the city of Denver, Colo., where he secured employment on a stock farm, for the purpose of acquiring a practical knowledge of the business, to which he had determined to devote his energies. Here he remained for three years, and in 1886 came to Wyoming, and secured a position with the Swan Land & Cattle Co., then one of the largest concerns operating in the stock business in the western country. He remained with this com- pany for four years, riding the range as a cow- boy, from time to time acting as foreman of various outfits. In 1890 he engaged in the horse business on his own account, buying stock on the ranges and driving them to the cities for sale in the markets. He followed this occupation with some success for two years, then disposing of his interests to advantage, he accepted a re- sponsible position with the Iron Mountain Ranch Co., where he continued to be employed for two years. In the spring of 1894 he took up his pres- ent ranch on Bear Creek, about eleven miles south of Chugwater, Wyo., and has remained here since that time, engaged in cattle and horserais- ing. He has met with success in his business and has made extensive improvements on his ranch property, having now a fine and comfortable resi- dence, and a large tract of meadow and hay land, equal to any in that section of country. On Janu- ary 4, 1893, Mr. Gilford was united in marriage at Loveland, Colo., to Mrs. Ollie E. McCarty, a native of Minnesota, and a daughter of Hiram and Jennie (Brown) Swain, the former a native of the state of New York, and the latter of Illin- ois. The father of Mrs. Gilford, early removing from his native state to Ohio, there engaged in farming, later transferred his residence to Illin- ois, where he located near the city of Elgin, and followed the same occupation. Subsequently he moved to Faribault, Minn., and was one of the earliest of the pioneers of that state. In 1883 he moved to Loveland, Colo., where he engaged in the manufacture of brick. Of recent years he has been living retired from active business, during the greater portion of the time himself and wife have been making their home with their daughter in Wyoming. To Mr. and Mrs. Gil- ford two children have been born, namely, Mil- dred M. M. and Lee W. Two children of Mrs. Gilford by her former marriage, namely Freder- ick C. McCarty and Edward T., are also members of the household. The postoffice of Goldsmith is at the home of the Gilfords and Mrs. Swain, the mother of Mrs. Gilford, is at the present writ- ing (1902) the efficient postmistress. Frater- nally, Mr. Gilford is a member of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, a member of the Chey- enne Lodge, and also a member of the order of the Woodmen of the World, of the same place. His church relations are with the Methodist Episcopal church, of which he is a valued mem- ber. Politically, he is identified with the Repub- lican party and takes an active interest in all pub- lic affairs interesting the community. LAWRENCE L. GIESSLER. Descending from a long line of creditable an- cestors in his German Fatherland, and bringing to successful use in this new land of his adop- tion those qualities of his race that tend to thrift and accumulation, the subject of this review has passed through various experiences in life, and is now a prosperous trader at Atlantic City, main- taining and retaining the patronage and the good will of a large and ever increasing number of customers by his fairness of dealing, the quality 8i8 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. and character of his reliable goods, and their adaptation to the needs of the people. Mr. Giess- ler was born at Baden, Germany, on August 31, 1855, a grandson of Jacob Giessler and a son of Lawrence and Carolina (Himmelsbach) Giess- ler, both natives of Baden, where the father was a miller and where he died in 1895 at the age of seventy years, the mother surviving him until 1898, when she, too, was called from earth, at nearly the same age. Of their nine children, four survive, three residing in the United States and one in Germany. Emigrating from Germany af- ter a careful education in the gymnasium of Baden, in 1873, Mr. Giessler crossed the Atlantic westward, continuing his course across the' con- tinent until he reached South Pass, Wyo., where he engaged in various occupations until 1877, when he became identified with the stock busi- ness, continuing this successfully until 1889, when he closed out his- interests, and, in 1890, purchased an interest in the mercantile estab- lishment of James Baldwin, now of Lander, at Atlantic City, and, after successfully conducting this business for a year, he purchased the entire business and has since carried on trade individ- ually and with an annually increasing stock and custom, being recognized as a capable and pro- gressive business man, fertile in resources, quick in perception, vigorous and prompt in action, with a keen eye for the wants and necessities of the community and the power of readily trans- muting merchandise into money. In all of his operations, his sterling honesty and justice to his patrons win and retain for him the cordial es- teem and regard of his numerous friends. He is the owner of the large and modern building in which his immense stock of general merchan- dise, groceries, etc., is displayed, while he is also interested in the Garfield mine, a promising revenue producer of the neighborhood. Mr. Giessler is a man of strong domestic tastes and does not care for office, but, as a convenience to the people, he has held that of notary public for the last two years. He is greatly interested in public matters, and he is affiliated with the Ma- sonic fraternity, holding membership in Wyo- ming Lodge, No. 2, the second lodge instituted in the state. Mr. Giessler married with Miss Emma J. Stegmiller, a native of Illinois, at Lan- der, Wyo., on June 25, 1889. She is a daughter of John and Ella S. (Steinert) Stegmiller, who were natives of Germany. Mr. and Mrs. Giess- ler have one daughter, Emma J. Giessler. NERI D. WOOD. Among the invading footsteps of advancing civilization which broke into the primeval soli- tude and wild luxuriance of Northern Wyoming were those of Neri D. Wood, one of the well-es- tablished and enterprising stockgrowers of the Tensleep region of Bighorn county, whose con- tributions to the development of the region have been substantial and considerable, and who has, while helping materially in the progress of his count}', found a welcome guerdon for his labors in the accumulation of a satisfactory competence for himself. Mr. Wood was born in June, 1862, in the state of Missouri, where his parents, Levi and. Margaret (Estes) Wood, were successfully engaged in farming. When he was thirteen years old the family removed to Wyoming, lo- cating about fifty miles north of Cheyenne on Horse Creek. There they carried on a flourish- ing stock business, and in its service the son Neri rode the range. He continued this until 1885 when they all removed to Johnson county, and there he followed the same occupation for five years longer. In 1890 he engaged in the stock business on his own account near Sheridan, re- maining there until 1898. He then came to the Bighorn basin and, securing an eligible location on No Wood River, pushed with vigor on a large scale the cattle business which he had been con- ducting in a smaller way at his former place. He has 1,120 acres of well-selected land, with a desirable diversity of altitude to furnish the ne- cessary ranges for his stock and on this tract, which is one of the choice ones of this river bot- tom, be lias a herd of 900 excellent cattle and a nice band of well-bred horses and also carries on extensive farming operations, which are among the most advanced and successful in this PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 819 portion of the county. Mr. Wood may almost be said to have been born to the cattle business, for he began operations in it with his youth and has followed it in its various developments and phases in different places continuously since then. His experience in it has been long and fruitful, and he has applied it in the manage- ment of his own estate with great success and dis- crimination. There is no part of the industry with which he is not familiar from actual expe- rience, there is no emergency connected with it to which he has not proven equal when confront- ed by it and the evidences of these conditions are everywhere present around him. He was mar- ried at Sheridan, Wyo., in 1893 to Miss Sarah Jennings, a native of Texas, but an early resi- dent of Wyoming. MOSES V. GILTNER. With his early life darkened by the overwhel- ming shadow of the great Civil War, and dur- ing almost the whole of it more or less dependent on his own resources for advancement, Moses V. Giltner of Spring Creek, in the Jackson Hole country of Wyoming, has well learned that self- reliance, ready resourcefulness and adaptability to circumstances, which have been such poten- tial factors in his useful and successful career. He is a native of Nodaway county, Missouri, where he first saw the light of day on March 3, 1857. His parents were Elias and Mary A. (Huttsell) Giltner, Indiana people who emigrat- ed to Missouri early in their married life. The father was a prosperous farmer when the War between the Sections broke out, and, hearkening to the call of his country in her great emergency, he enlisted in the Union army, leaving his young family to the care of their devoted mother. After the years of arduous service, to which he was destined in the field and on the march, where danger and death ever lurked eager for a mani- fold prey, he gladly returned to the industries of peace and again engaged in his farming. His able wife died in Henry county. Mo., in 1900, where he is yet living. Moses V. Giltner was the third of seven children. He was educated to a limited extent in the public schools of Mis- souri, and when he was large enough for the pur- pose he began farming for himself in that state, and, having assisted his parents in developing the homestead until it was no longer necessary, in 1885 he came to the Northwest, locating in Washington, then a territory, and passed four years in traveling. In 1889 he determined to make his home in Wyoming, and, taking up a portion of the ranch of 320 acres on which he now lives, on Spring Creek, in Uinta county, at once began to improve and develop it, and with such enterprise and success that it is now one of the desirable ranches of a section renowned for its agricultural wealth and its high state of cultivation. He also owns 160 acres on Flat Creek, not far above Jackson, and, on these two tracts, he has conducted a prosperous and suc- cessful cattle industry, carrying it forward on a scale of magnitude commensurate with the size and superior quality of his landed estate. His ranches make an expanse of meadow land, re- lieved by sufficient elevation in parts to give am- ple range for his breeds of high-grade cattle, yielding fine annual crops of timothy, alfalfa and wild hay, with some grain. The raising of stock is, however, his principal industry, and his ship- ments are noted for their size and quality. As a leading farmer and stockman of this section of country, a citizen of influence and progressive ideas, a gentleman of engaging social qualities and a working and productive factor in the de- velopment of Wyoming, Mr. Giltner is worthy of the high esteem in which he is held and of the commanding position in the community which he so acceptably fills. JOHN B. GLEAVER. John B. Gleaver was a native of Germany, and was born in that country on February 25, 1853, the son of Joseph and Elizabeth Gleaver, also natives of Germany. When he was eight years of age his father died, and when ten he began to earn his own living. Bv the time he 820 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. reached the age of thirteen he had saved enough out of his slender earnings to pay his passage to the United States, and he made haste to come, arriving at Berlin, Wis., in the spring of 1866. His new home opened to him at once with hospi- tality, and he found profitable employment on a farm, although he could scarcely speak Eng-. lish. For nine years he worked and prospered in that state, and in 1875 came to Colorado where he passed a year. In 1876 he made his advent into Wyoming, locating in Laramie' county, and there, falling in readily with the genius and lead- ing industry of the locality, became a range-rider. He followed this occupation in that neighborhood for a year or two, then removed to Saratoga, in Carbon county, where he continued it until 1880, when he came to the Bighorn basin, after having been married on May 1 of that year, at Rawlins, to Miss Ida V. Wilson, a native of Kansas. For nine years after settling in the basin he and his wife worked for Otto Franc, he being for the greater part of the time foreman in the business. In 1889 they took up their residence on land of their own and started in the stock business. In 1893 his wife died leaving one child, their son, Otto F., who was born on May 1, 1884, and who was the first white child born in the Bighorn basin. Since his son's death, which occurred suddenly at Grand Island, Neb., but a short time ago, Mr. Gleaver has been despondent and never recovered from the effects of this serious loss. His life was wrapt up in his boy and many times during his illness Mr. Gleaver was heard to say he had little desire to live. It was this • feeling which undoubtedly hastened his death, which sad bereavement took place on June 1, 1903. In 1898 Mr. Gleaver's second marriage occurred at Mill- bank, S. D., he being united on this occasion to Mrs. Harriet (Faribault) Campbell, a native of Minnesota. Mr. Gleaver was an enterprising and progressive man and won the esteem of the peo- ple of his (.-0111111111111) by his untiring energy and activity in behalf of the advancement and im- provement of the neighborhood and county and his high character and strict integrity. All that In- had and was he made himself, unassisted by favorable circumstances or the smiles of fortune. His own indomitable industry, persistency and business capacity were the factors from which his estate was built up, and these would have made him a success in any line of activity to which he was adapted and under any circumstances. One of the early settlers in his valley, with a large circle of friends, and a wide acquaintance, he will be sadly missed. Death has indeed removed an old landmark, a sturdy citizen, whose history is interwoven with the. progress and development of the Grey Bull Valley. H. M. GODFREY. . H. M. Godfrey, one of the leading commercial factors of his section of the state, who is con- ducting a popular and well-stocked emporium at Lovell, has passed almost the whole of his mature life in the farther West, and has thoroughly im- bibed the spirit and genius of its people, entered with zest and zeal into its methods of thought and action, been closely and intelligently identi- fied with its progress and development, and aided materially in giving trend and force to its insti- tutions. He was born in the state of Xew York, on August 25, 1834, the son of Xew England parents, Daniel F. and Mehephzibah (Taylor) Godfrey, who were born and reared in Vermont. In his native state Mr. Godfrey grew to man's estate and received a common-school education, and, in 1856, when he was twenty-two years of age, he sought opportunity to win the favors of fortune in what was then a part of the western frontier, locating in Wisconsin, where he re- mained three years. In 1859, at the time of the Pike's Peak excitement, he crossed the plains to Colorado, but halted. on the way at a good point on the South Platte River, where he established a road ranch, and had charge of the postoffice for a number of years, giving his name to the God- trey bluffs, which were so called in his honor. lie came to Wyoming in 1885 and located at Douglas, and from there as headquarters was engaged in freighting for two years. The next I wo years he passed at Glenrock, then came to PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 821 the Bighorn basin and took up a homestead on the Stinking- Water, one mile below the site on which the present town of Lowell has since risen. Here he was occupied in farming and raising stock until 1900, when he sold out and opened the merchandising establishment at Lovell, which he has since then been successfully conducting. His enterprise has grown from a rather small be- ginning to its present splendid proportions, and been transformed from a child of hope and prom- ise into one of the leading commercial institutions of this part of the state, having a large body of well-satisfied patrons, and a high rank in the mercantile world for sound business methods, down-to-date management and a comprehensive scope, embracing in its well-selected stock every- thing suited to the trade of a well-informed and critical community, which it enjoys in a large measure. Mr. Godfrey is an active, working member of the Masonic fraternity, and has long been a devotee before its sacred altars. He was married at Denver, Colo., to Miss Annie God- frey, a native of Wisconsin, who died at Lovell in 1900, leaving six children, Frank, Pearl, Ru- bert, Piatt, Annie and Bliss, all of whom are yet living and at the parental home. M. D. GREGG. M. D. Gregg, of Thermopolis, a pioneer of 1875 in Wyoming, and one of the leading citizens of the place, is a native of West Virginia. His parents, Edward and Nancy (Doty) Gregg, were also native in West Virginia, and, when he was two years old, they removed to Iowa, and, four years later, to Adair county, Missouri, where he was educated and assisted on the farm until 1872, when he migrated to Colorado and engaged in mining. In 1875 he came to Wyoming, located at Lander, and, as he expected to make that vicin- ity his permanent home, he improved a ranch, to which he had acquired title, and brought it to a high state of cultivation, making it in all re- spects a very desirable home. On this ranch he carried on a flourishing stock business and farm- ing industry until 1897, when he took up his residence at Thermopolis, and built the first bath- house and hotel at the hot springs in the neigh- borhood. He discovered, while conducting this improvement, that of the people who sought the curative powers of the springs for rheumatism or other blood diseases, ninety-seven per cent were fully cured. This circumstance, combined with many others, convinced him that these springs are equal in medicinal value to any of the noted and highly advertised springs of any section of the country, of which there is a sufficient record to make a basis of comparison. Pie continued in charge of the hotel and bathhouse until 1902, when he sold out, having also discovered a pro- cess for reproducing engravings from the forma- tion, which he has had patented, and is preparing to fully devote himself and to place it on the mar- ket on a scale of magnitude. The portrait is formed in stone, this being the only process of the kind, known, which, it is believed by com- petent experts, wjll revolutionize this department of art and result in great profit to those who handle it. In politics Mr. Gregg is an ardent Republican and has taken great interest in the affairs of his party. Its principles and its candi- dates always have his earnest support, while his in- fluence in party councils is felt and heeded. He is a leader of thought in local affairs outside of party lines, being also regarded as one of the most enterprising, public spirited and progressive men in the community. Fraternally, he is con- nected with the order of Freemasons and with the order of Odd Fellows, and occupies a place of prominence in the regard of the members of these fraternities, being' active and zealous in their behalf and aiding in advancing their inter- ests in every legitimate way and manner. WILLIAM D. GOODRICH. The story of Alexander weeping" for new worlds to conquer is the story of human life in brief. Whether one goes forth to battle in the armor of actual war or in that of peaceful con- quest over nature, -it is the same. His foot is ever restless, his ambition ever unsatisfied, his 822 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. work ever incomplete. As soon as one domain yields to his control and becomes his serviceable slave, he looks forth for another to subdue. And so, the pioneers of Colorado, which was once the very frontier of American progress and civiliza- tion, or their descendants, as soon as it was re- duced to subjection and began to blossom with the flowers and bring forth in abundance the fruits of systematic cultivation, began to find its condition insipid, and to long for the strenuous life of a new war against primeval Nature and the satisfaction of a new triumph over her slowly yielding resistance. Accordingly, numbers of these pioneers pushed out into the unbroken ways of Wyoming and again gave battle to the wil- derness. Among them were the parents of Wil- liam D. Goodrich, who is now a prosperous and progressive stockman, located near Redbank in Bighorn county, Wyoming, who was born in Colorado in 1875, the son of Jacob and Martha (Sartain) Goodrich, native, respectively, in In- diana and Missouri, and early settlers in the Cen- tennial state. When he was nine years old they removed to Wyoming, locating at Lander, and Mr. Goodrich's whole life from that time has been passed within this state. In her schools he received his education, on her soil he began the battle of life for himself, at the fountain of her civil institutions he got his first draughts of po- litical wisdom and inspiration. Before he reached man's estate he entered the cattle indusry as a producer, and he has been connected with it in that capacity ever since. In 1890 he settled in the Bighorn basin, near Redbank, where he has a very desirable ranch of 160 acres on No Wood River, and runs seventy-five to 100 head of well- bred cattle and a small band of horses. He is one of the wide-awake, progressive young men of the count}', filled with patriotic zeal for the wel- fare of his county and state, looking always to the securing of that welfare by the best means available in commercial enterprise, educational fa- cilities of the most elevated standard and social and moral institutions based on broad views and enlightened public spirit. His farm. is a model of thrift and enterprise, his" cattle exhibit in their condition the intelligent care that is bestowed upon them and also the excellent judgment that is ex- ercised in their selection, while his daily walk and conversation among his fellows show him to be impelled by lofty ideals of citizenship. He is at the same time progressive and conservative in business, and in reference to the local affairs of the community, he is much more concerned for the general weal than for the triumph of any par- ty, faction or personal interest. t JAMES V. GOULD. Deeply, actively and intelligently interested in all that concerns the welfare of his county and neighborhood, zealous in the support of every en- terprise and potency which promises good for their advancement and improvement, James V. Gould has been of great service in the develop- ment of his portion of Wyoming, although a res- ident of the state for less than fifteen years, hav- ing come hither in the latter part of 1888. for he was born on February 28, 1858, in Indiana, where his parents, Steven and Almeda (House) Gould, were early settlers, the former being a native of Ohio and the latter of Kentucky. Mr. Gould lived in his native state until 1881, being reared on his father's farm and educated at the public schools in the vicinity of his home. In 1881, at the age of twenty-three, he left the paternal roof and took up his residence in Colorado, where, for three years, he was actively engaged in farming. At the end of that period he went to southwest- ern Missouri, there continued his farming opera- tions and also carried on an extensive industry in raising stock, and here he remained until 1888, when he was United in marriage with Miss Lizzie C. Carr, a native of Iowa, but. at the time of the marriage, a resident of Missouri. Soon after their marriage they came to Wyoming with the intention of making it their permanent home, and they have resided in the state from that time. They immediately located on the land they now own on the Grey Bull River, and at once began to improve it and to develop a stockraising busi- ness and general farming industry, which they PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 823 have expanded in volume and value in both de- partments as time passed, until their operations have grown to proportions of cumulative magni- tude and reached a high standard of excellence, both in the quality of the products and the man- ner in which the business is carried on. The ranch now comprises 480 acres of as good land as can be found in the state, and the herds number 200 fine cattle and many horses, all of good breeds and high grades. Upon his arrival in this neighborhood, finding it as yet almost wholly un- developed, in want of nearly all the conveniences and the civilizing forces of modern life, Mr. ' Gould went to work assiduously to aid in sup- plying the deficiencies. He built the first school- house erected on Grey Bull River, and the first church within the territory of what is now Big- horn county. He also took much interest and displayed great zeal and enterprise in building, up the industrial and commercial activities of the region, giving especial attention to the develop- ment and proper regulation of the stock indus- try. He is now serving his third term as brand commissioner, in occupying that office he has been diligent and faithful in conserving and pro- moting the best interests of the stock and the stockmen throughout the territory included in his official district. His family consists of six children, Claude, Vera G., Grace, Myrtle, Dottie and Ora. A sketch of Mr. Gould's brother, Wil- liam B. Gould, appears on another page. CHARLES J. GRUNDY. The subject of this sketch, amid the chances and changes of fickle fortune, has carved for him- self an honorable place among the manly men and worthy settlers of Wyoming, and can look back with honest pride upon the hard labor, which was transmuted, by his perseverance, into material prosperity, and the esteem of his fellow men. Born in England on July 8, 1856, to the marriage of Charles and Busana (Gravley), Grundy, na- tives of that country, he early met the woes of life in the death of his father during his infancy. His mother married again, while he was yet young, a Mr. Thomas Bretton, and they came to this country in 1865. In 1867 they returned to England, and his mother, marrying the third time, they again emigrated to the United States and settled in Bryan City, Wyoming, near which town he has ever since resided. When school days were over, he worked with the railroad company as a lineman and machinist, but, in 1881, took up a claim of 160 acres in Uinta county, to which he has added, and on which he raises both horses and cattle. His mother is still living in Cheyenne and his sister, Elizabeth, is married to James Clark, and resides in Kemmerer. Political ly, he strongly advocates all theories of his party, believing that by so doing he is tending to the support of his state, and, indirectly, to that of the U. S. government, of which he is a loyal nat- uralized citizen. Honest industry, wherever ex- ercised, brings its due reward, and to-day Mr. Grundy ranks with the strong and stable men, who make the rank and file that are forging ahead to place Wyoming among the advanced states of the Union. JAMES H. GUILD. One of the forceful and productive factors in the mercantile and industrial world of Wyoming is James H. Guild, of Uinta county, who was born at Lehi, Utah, on January 19, 1861, the son of Charles and Mary M. (Cardon) Guild, a memoir of whom appears on other pages of this work. When he was seven years old the family moved to Wyoming, and settled at Piedmont, in Uinta .county. There he was reared and edu- cated, gathering what he could of the sparkling and invigorating waters of knowledge from an irregular and insufficient attendance at the public schools of the neighborhood, for, in those days, life was strenuous to everybody in these parts, and its graces and its accomplishments were com- pelled to wait until its sterner demands were sat- isfied. After leaving school, he engaged in ranch- ing with his father, and later became a member of the firm of Charles Guild & Sons, formed for the purpose of carrying on an extensive merchan- 824 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. dising and livestock enterprise. In 1881 he settled on the ranch he now occupies, which had been previously located by his father, and from that year it has been his home. It lies four miles southwest of Piedmont and contains 4,000 acres of land, much of which is fit for cultivation, and has been brought to a high state of fruitfulness. In 1898 the Guild interests were incorporated in two companies, one known as the Guild Land & Live Stock Co., and the other as the Guild Mer- cantile Co., and James H. Guild became a stock- holder in each and the manager of the former. To this industrial manifestation he has given his undivided attention and has made it one of the most important and successful industries of its kind in this part of the state. In politics he is a Republican, and takes a definite and active in- terest in the welfare of his party, although not de- siring any place of honor or profit in its gift for himself. He is especially interested in the cause of public education, and, in its behalf, has freely given six years of excellent service to the cause as trustee at various times. Of the fraternal so- cieties so numerous among men he has favored only one with his membership, the Knights of the Maccabees. His ranch is furnished with good buildings and is well equipped for the stock industry. In addition to what it contains as deeded land, there is a very extensive acreage un- der lease. The entire business in all departments is conducted with a vigor and enterprise, and on a scale of magnitude and success only possible to the best business capacity and the most skillful management, qualifications for which Mr. Guild is well known throughout the cattle industry. JOHN C. GUNNING. One of the most popular places of public re-, sort conducted in Rawlins, Wyoming, is that of which John C. Gunning is the proprietor. This genial and sociable gentleman, who was born in Millsboro, 111., on January t, 1854, is a son of John C. and Rachel (Galliday) Gunning, and scrnis to be blessed with the happy disposition that universally pervades mankind on each anni- versary of the day on which he was born. John C. Gunning, St., father of the subject proper of this biographical notice, was born in Ohio, in 1820, being later a blacksmith by trade, who, in 1847, removed to Hillsboro, 111., where he passed the remainder of his life and died in 1877, strong- ly imbued with the principles of the Republican party. John C. Gunning, the gentleman whose name opens this article, was but four years of age when he was bereft of his mother, but he con- tinued to reside with his father until he reached the age of seventeen, when he left his native state of Illinois and came, in 1871, as far west as Den- ver, Colo., where he secured employment with the Denver Transfer Co., at freighting. As a teamster for this company he drew in the first machinery taken to the Little Annie mine, at Del Norte, in the spring of 1875-, and in the summer of the same year, he went to Silver Creek, al- though there were but few houses at that place at the time. In the summer of 1876, Mr. Gun- ning came to Cheyenne, Wyo., whence he made a trip to the Black Hills, again engaged in freighting, and hauled the lumber used in build- ing Fort McKinney ; in 1879 ne went to work for the Union Pacific Railroad as brakeman, later he was made a fireman, and, in 1883. was promoted to engineer, in which capacity he acted until 1888, when he withdrew from railroading and engaged in the saloon business in Rawlins, where he still conducts one of the most orderly and popular places of public resort in the town. Mr. Gun- ning was joined in marriage, in 1883. with Miss Mary J. Quinlan, a daughter of John and Mar- garet (Hays) Quinlan, natives of Ireland, and a niece of Lays, the oldest settler of Wyoming ter- ritory. This marriage has been graced with nine children, born in the following order: Mav Helen. Dan, Franklin, John, Clinton, James. Blaine (who died in October. 1899). Josephine, Marguerite, Charles Lawrence, Cornelius Thomas (who died in December. 1900), and Raphael Cel- sns. En politics Mr. Gunning is an active Demo- crat, being prominent as a local leader. He has served his party two years as president of the school board, foiir vears as treasurer of the PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 825 school, board, and three years as president of the city council, of which he is at present a member. He has been a very active member of this body and has well guarded the interests of his con- stituents, as well as those of the people at large, and he has met universal approbation. KEON F. HART. A varied and interesting career has been that of Keon F. Hart, the subject of this brief sketch, now a prominent ranchman and stockman of Converse county, Wyoming. A native of Long- ford county, Ireland, he was born on October 30, in 1848, the son of Keon and Bridget (O'Farrel) Hart, both natives of that county. The father was a physician and surgeon, who stood high in the ranks of his profession in his native country, and followed that occupation there up to the time of his decease, which occurred in 1859. After the death of Doctor Hart, the widow left her old home in Ireland, and came with her family to America, where they arrived in 1863 and first established their home in the city of New York. The subject of this sketch soon entered himself as an apprentice to learn the trade of piano manu- facturing", and followed that occupation in New- York city for about ten years. In 1872, he enlisted in the U. S. regular army as a member of the Fourth Cavalry, and was first stationed at Fort Griffin, Tex. With his regiment he remained at this military post and at other places in Texas until 1876, when subsequently to the Custer massacre in southern Montana, the regiment was ordered to Fort Robinson, Nebraska, to be nearer the scene of activity in the Indian wars. They remained at Fort Robinson about three months, and were ordered to the field for a winter campaign in the northern portion o'f Wyoming. During this time, Fort McKinney was established and named after Lieutenant McKinney, of this regiment, who was killed in action during this campaign. Upon the return of the regiment to Fort Robinson, in the following spring, the subject of this sketch re- ceived his discharge, he having served the full term of his enlistment, and, after leaving the serv- ice, he went to the city of Omaha, Neb., where he remained for about one year. In May, 1878, the fascination of army service was such that he again enlisted, this time joining the Fourth In- fantry. He was ordered to Fort Laramie, Wyo., where he remained four years and six months. In the spring of 1883, the regiment returned to Fort Omaha, Neb., where, this term of enlistment having expired, he again received an honorable discharge, leaving the service with the rank of sergent. In the summer of 1883 he returned to Wyoming, and obtained a position on a large cat- tle ranch on Lone Tree Creek, where he remained a short time, and then resigned his position for the purpose of entering the employ of the T. & B. Cattle Co., which was then one of the largest concerns operating in the western country. With this company he continued in the city of Chey- enne, until 1888, when he resigned to engage in business for himself. Coming to the vicinity of his present ranch, on the Platte River, he there located, about one-fourth of a mile from Orin Junction, near the line of the old California over- land trail. Here he has since been engaged in the cattle business and is now the owner of a fine ranch, consisting of 320 acres of land, well fenced and improved, with suitable buildings and appli- ances for the carrying on of ranching and cattle- raising. He was one of the pioneer settlers of that section of Wyoming, and his ranch is one of the historic places of the West, being the place where the overland emigration crossed the Platte River on its way to California during the days of 1849, the old ferry being on his present ranch. On February 22, 1881, at the city of Cheyenne, Mr. Hart was united in marriage to Miss Bridget Gaffaney, a native of the state of Ohio, and the daughter of James Gaffaney, a respected citizen of the city of Toledo. The father of Mrs. Hart followed the occupation of railroading, and con- tinued in that business up to the time of his de- cease, which occurred in 1882. The family are devout members of the Roman Catholic church, and are actively interested in all works of re- ligion and charity in the community where their home is located. No srood cause ever °oes from / 826 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. them empty-handed, and they are highly respect- ed. Fraternally, Mr. Hart is affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, being a mem- ber of the lodge at Douglas, Wyo. Politically, he is a stanch member of the Democratic party, a conscientious believer in the principles of that political organization. During his experience in the U. S. army, he was for the greater portion Of the time under the command of General Mc- Kenzie, and saw some very hard and dangerous service. He is a loyal and patriotic citizen of the United States, and, having clone his full share in bringing out peace and civilization, from the wilderness and savagery of the western fron- tier, he is honored by all who know his career. JOHN E. HIGGINS. Numbered among the pushing, energetic and successful business operators of his section of Wyoming, where, in affairs that are far-reaching and of importance, he is the acknowledged leader, and, being distinctively honored with the office of president of the Glenrock Woolgrowers' Asso- ciation, and also being a definite and powerful force in the development of the state, John E. Higgins, of this review, should have more .than a mere recognition in any volume treating of the state's progressive citizens. He was born in Manitowoc county, Wisconsin, in October, 1857, a son of John and Ann (Lanagan) Higgins, the father being a native of County Connaught, Ire- land, while the mother was reared in the north part of the Emerald Isle. The father emigrated when a young man, and, after his marriage, ul- timately settled permanently in Wisconsin, when that was the border-land and frontier of civiliza- tion and wild beasts and Indians were both plen- tiful and troublesome. As early pioneers, the family struggled and labored, developing, through hardships, privations and the toil of years, a productive estate from a former wilderness tract, and here the father died in the same year that saw the birth of his youngest son, the subject of this review. After his father's death the family removed to another part of the state, and upon attaining his fifteenth year, Mr. Higgins began life for himself, going to Minnesota, where he was employed for several years in the great lum- bering operations of the pineries of that state. In 1 88 1 he came to the present location of Liv- ingston, Mont., and was connected for four years with railroad construction, in 1885 coming to Glenrock, Wyo., one year in advance of the rail- road. In this prospective city Mr. Higgins estab- lished a mercantile establishment, with which he has been identified to the present, and seen ad- vance from very small size and proportions to a magnitude commensurate with the rapid advance of the country and the skill and business ability of the proprietors. It is now housed and dis- played in a creditable store building of 50x100 feet in size, and consists of a fidl stock of gen- eral merchandise, adapted to the needs and desires of the dwellers in the extensive region tributary to the town. In 1897 Mr. Higgins plotted and founded the progressive town of Thermopolis, where he also engaged in merchandising, his first store and entire contents being utterly destroyed by fire on July 31, 1898, involving a loss of $40,- 000. Such was the energy of its owner that with- in thirty days a new store was in operation, the business proceeding as if nothing had happened. The mercantile operations at Thermopolis are now conducted by the firm of Higgins & Mc- Grath, our subject being the senior partner. Un- der his sagacious plans and management, the young, inchoate Thermopolis is rapidly develop- ing into a place of importance, showing great prosperity. Mr. Higgins has extended his busi- ness relations successfully into the stock depart- ment of Wyoming's great natural resources, hay- ing a finely improved ranch between Box Elder and Deer Creeks, where he is running from 400 to 500 head of Hereford cattle with 15,000 to 20,000 sheep. Mr. Higgins was appointed county commissioner in 1894, and was elected to the same office in 1900, while, in 1895. he received a highly flattering vote and election to the State Legislature, where he showed the elements of an able, popular and successful legislator and states- man. His interest in educational matters has PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 827 been shown by his conscientious discharge of the duties of school trustee for several years, being alive to and active in all plans and propositions tending to the welfare of the community and the state. Fraternally, he is associated with the Ma- sonic order as a Knight Templar. He is also the owner of a fine landed estate in Nebraska, where he is now running 500 head of fine cattle. Mr. Higgins has been most fortunate in his marriage relations, having wedded, in June, 1885, Miss Josephine Amoretti, the daughter of the promi- nent banker of that name connected with the banks of Lander and Thermopolis, and who stands as a leader in the financial circles of the state, a sketch of whose interesting career ap- pears elsewhere in this volume. His daughter, who received the best educational advantages of the leading countries of Europe, inherits much of her father's financial and business ability, and is a most capable assistant and coadjutor of Mr. Higgins in his numerous branches of commercial activity, and they are prominent in social and society circles of the state, while in their at- tractive home they are unequalled as entertainers. JOHN HELLER AND PER OLSEN. Among the valuable representatives of her in- dustry, intelligence and practical ability, that the far-off land of Sweden has contributed to the wealth of America, must be considered the two half-brothers whose names head this review, and, as important factors in the development of the mining and stockraising departments of Wyo- ming's prosperity, they deserve a notice in any work treating of the progressive men of the state. John Heller was born in Boden, Sweden, in Oc- tober, 1863, the son of Johann Vosburg, who de- scended from ancestors who had for generations resided in that ancient town, and for centuries in Sweden, engaged in lumber operations. Of the three sons and one daughter of his parents, Mr. Heller was the third child. He remained in Boden, receiving a solid education in his native city until 1880, when he emigrated to take ad- vantage of the wonderful opportunities his half- brother, Per Olsen, who had preceded him to America by one year, wrote Him about. He came direct to Laramie, Wyo., there meeting his broth- er. During the twenty-two years Mr. Heller has lived in the state he has, made good use of the opportunities that have presented themselves, demonstrated that he was a law-abiding citizen of his adopted country, a genial companion and a most loyal friend. He has been prominently connected with various enterprises of scope and importance and is one of the truly progressive men of the state. He has touched every link in the fraternal chain of Freemasonry to the Thirty-second degree, holding membership in Wyoming Consistory, No. 1, and is a Knight Templar. The Benevolent Protective Order of Elks have also "taken charge concerning him." Per Olsen. This , gentleman is the half- brother of Mr. Heller, who came to this country in advance of him by a year. He was born in Boden, of his mother's first marriage, on April 7, 1858. In 1879, after his school days were ended, he came to America, stopping at St. Paul for a time, thence coming to Laramie, where he was joined by Mr. Heller. For one year thereaft- er they were employed in the rolling mills, then they removed to Carbon, and during their resi- dence at that place Mr. Olsen was for a time at Buffalo until the fall of 1885, being for the most of the time engaged in mining operations. From there they migrated to Deer Creek, now Glenrock, where they discovered the Glenrock coal mine and filed on the location containing it. They then run a stope down for some 300 feet, at this depth displaying a six-foot seam of lignite coal, of a superior quality. After working this mine, and selling the coal to the neighboring ranchers, there being then no railroad here, in 1887, the}' sold the property to Baker & Johnston, merchants of Cheyenne, and took up their present property on Deer Creek, one mile south of Glenrock and turned their attention to ranching for several years, prospecting and mining during the win- ters. They have about 400 acres in their ranch, practically all of it being under sufficient irriga- tion and raise quantities of alfalfa, besides other PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. crops. They are profitably employed in stock- raising, running horses, cattle and sheep, and have fine bands of each. Their ranch is an especially fine property, they have greatly im- proved it and it now has a new residence of mod- ern style and equipment, good barns, corrals, etc. Mr. Olsen has shown an energetic industry, and is a good example of what a representative citi- zen should be. He is a Mason and an Elk, while both of the brothers give their intelligent sup- port to all valuable matters of public improve- ment. They have discovered another coal field, showing a seam of five feet, on which they have filed, the land lying adjacent to their ranch and between it and the coal company's property. On this they have done considerable labor and have sold coal from, it being only 600 feet from the end of the mine switch of the railroad to their shaft. In 1892 they discovered a quartz lead of copper, etc., an assay showing sixty per cent, in copper and four per cent, in gold, while, under the copper, they have a lead vein, showing sixty- one per cent, of lead, eleven per cent, in gold and thirty-one per cent, in silver. GEORGE Y. HAYS. One of the leading business men of Fremont county, Wyoming, is the subject of this sketch, George Y. Hays, whose postoffice address is Du- bois. A native of Lexington, Missouri, he was born in November 14, 1865, the son of G. C. and Emma C. (Fletcher) Hays, both natives of the state of Missouri. His father was a prominent business man, who was long engaged in the busi- ness of stockraising. He was son of John Hays, both the father and mother, whose maiden name was Robinson, being natives of Virginia. The subject of this sketch was the oldest of a family of eight children and came with his parents to the then territory* of Colorado in 1870, where they es- tablished their residence after removing from the state of Missouri. He grew to manhood in Colorado, and there received his early education in the public schools. After completing his edu- cation he engaged in the meat business at Logan, Colo., in which he continued with considerable success for about eight years. He then disposed of his business interests at Logan, removed his residence to the state of Wyoming, where he lo- cated on the Riviere DuNoir,near where the town of Dubois now stands, and there engaged in ranching and in stockraising. He continued in this dual pursuit from 1893 to the spring of 1902, when he disposed of his stock and ranch property to the West Lovering Land & Live Stock Co. At the time of this sale he was the owner of a fine improved ranch, consisting of 240 acres of land, having a large herd of cattle and other property and interests. He then formed a copartnership with Hewitt M. Youmans for the purpose of engaging in merchandising at Dubois, Wyo. This place is located on the military road to the Yellowstone National Park, being the natural supply point for a large area of country. In all measures calculated to build up this section of Wyoming, develop its great natural resources and invite settlement and the investment of cap- ital, Mr. Hays has taken a leading part for many years and is looked upon as one of the leading and foremost citizens of Fremont county. Fra- ternally, he is affiliated with the order of Wood- men of the World, and takes an active interest in the social and fraternal life of the community where he maintains his home. Western Wyo- ming has no more loyal citizen, nor a more en- terprising man of affairs and business than Mr Hays, and he is held in the highest esteem by all classes of his fellow citizens. FRED D. HAMMOND. The Hammonds of Xew York trace their an- cestry back to the Hammonds' of Massachusetts and New Hampshire, where the name is written on many an antique roll of Colonial days, show- ing the active participation of the family in every department of human endeavor and patriotic ac- complishment, from the earliest days of New England life. Fred D. Hammond, the popular and successful attorney of Casper, Wyoming, springs from this stock, his granrtiather. Ransom PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. •829 Hammond, removing with his family from New York to Wisconsin in its territorial days, and there attaining local fame as a millwright and miller. The parents of F. D. Hammond were Al- bert R. and Mary (Dwyer) Hammond, the father i icing a native of New York and the mother of Ohio, his own birth occurring at Depere, Wis., on July 1, 1869. The father has followed suc- cessful milling operations in Wisconsin for many years and is now residing at his pleasant home in Depere. Fred D. Hammond was the youngest in a family of five children, and, while pursuing his elementary studies in the public schools, he manifested such a spirit of study and rapid prog- ress that he was early advised and inclined to prepare himself for a professional career, so,' after receiving the advantages of a course at Elgin Academy, he matriculated at the Michigan State University, at Ann Arbor, and there passed two most diligent years of study in the literary de- partment, thereafter entering the law department and enjoying the technical instruction in the mys- teries appertaining to the study of the law there- in imparted, keeping even step with the best scholarship of his class in the preparations of theses, the results of examinations and in the class debates, receiving the coveted degree of B. L. in 1892. Immediately after his graduation, Mr. Hammond began to look up a satisfactory lo- . cation, passing in this domestic travel about two years of time, in 1894 he located in Casper, Wyo., and, settling down to the active practice of his chosen profession of law, here he is now located, having attained all that is necessary to constitute him one of the able young lawyers of the state, an extensive and a steadily increasing patronage of the best citizens, a successful record as a counsellor and lawyer, a reputation of being a clean, honest person of acknowledged ability and integrity, a popular and useful citizen, whose services in matters of public and private interests have been numerous and ever advancing the welfare of the community. He has capably and creditably filled the office of city attorney of Cas- per, and is the present efficient chairman of the Democratic countv committee. He takes ereat interest in the fraternal societies of the Benevo- lent Protective Order of Elks, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Woodmen of the World, holding various positions and offices in their respective organizations. Mr. Hammond married with Miss Willa B. Brewer, a daughter of Charles Brewer, of Rising City, Neb., on June 16, 1896, and their centrally located and finely equipped home is cheered by a winsome son, Fred D., Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Hammond are decidedly component factors of the best society life of the city, having a large range of valuable friends. AMOS HILL. Descending from families identified promin- ently with the history of the Eastern states, and possessing a distinct and a positive individuality that early threw him into a strenuous life in the wild West, Amos Hill stands as one of the ster- ling pioneer characters that, alas, are fast passing away. In detail his life story would read like a romance, and, to rehearse it fully, would occu- py far more space than the limitations of a work like this would allow, for his life has been a busy and a useful one, an example of honorable dealing, steadfast purpose, fidelity to principle and invincible physical and moral courage. He is a typical old-timer, and, as such, he is honored and reverenced by all who know him. His life began on December 16, 185 1, as a son of Elihu and Elmira (McLallin) Hill, natives of New York, his father being a son of William and Ruth (Padin) Hill, who were born in Pennsylvania, while his mother was the daughter of an eloquent Methodist divine, Rev. Isaac McLallin, who was born in Massachusetts of Scotch ancestry, and his wife, Lucinda, a native of Virginia. Amos Hill was one of thirteen children and attained his la- ter 'teens on the paternal homesteads in Illinois and Kansas, learning more from actual experi- ence and hard labor than from the teaching and text-books of schools. He was vigorous and healthy, and yearned for a life of freer action, which he acquired, in 1889, by going to the then primitive Colorado and starting in business for 8 3 o PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. himself with a freighting outfit, traversing the wild country from Canyon City through Lead-, ville to Pueblo and Alamoosa, continuing in this strenuous vocation until 1878, often having thrill- ing adventures with wild beasts and with wilder men. His outfit, on leaving Colorado, consisted of four six-horse and mule teams. This he sold to a Colorado man coming to Wyoming, and, to secure his pay, he came with him and worked in his employ. While so working he had an alter- cation with the buyer about the deferred pay- ments, and the quarrel developing into a fight, during the progress of it another employe of the man shot Mr. Hill in the head, the bullet, how- ever, glancing off from the skull, only making a wound that left a good-sized scar. The next day the rest of his money was paid to Mr. Hill and the trouble was over. In 1882 he came to the Fort Bridger section of Wyoming, and here con- ducted freighting for two years with ox teams, from 1882 to 1884, however, being engaged in profitable trapping for beaver. When these oc- cupations closed he started an enterprise in cat- tleraising, increasing his herds annually. When the reservation became public land, he located on a homestead on Smith's Fork, and developed a prosperous and attractive cattle ranch, the busi- ness of which was cumulative and of marked value. In the course of time his acquisitions were such that he felt able to retire from the life of unremitting labor he had so long pursued, and, disposing of his land and cattle, with his aged and cherished mother he makes his home at Mountain View. PHILIP HARSCH This useful and prominent citizen of Atlantic City. Wyoming, where he is conducting an exten- sive ;i!id profitable blacksmithing business, Philip Harsch, deserves especial mention in this volume, as he is one who did valiant service in the ranks of the Union army of the Great War of 1861-5, and is a citizen of good repute, by his endeav- ors steadily adding to the development of his home section and the land of his adoption/ Mr. Harsch was born in Luxemburg, Germany, on July 2, 1832, a son of Adam and Angelica (Han- sen) Harsch, his father being a blacksmith and dying in 1848 at the age of fifty-seven years, while the mother attained the venerable age of ninety years, dying in 1866. Philip was the youngest of their nine children, and was in care- ful attendance at the excellent government schools of his native place up to the age of manhood, also learning, in a faithful manner, the dual trades of blacksmithing and ironworking. Being desir- ous of a larger field for his energies than was ob- tainable in Germany, in 1855 he emigrated, pro- ceeding across the ocean to the LJnited States, where he made his home in St. Louis, Mo., and was employed at his trade until 1861, when he en- listed in Co. C, Fifth Missouri Infantry, for serv- ice in the Union army for three months, there- after enlisting in the First Missouri Light Artil- lery for three years, in this connection participat- ing in several of the momentous battles of the war and in numerous engagements of lesser character, being twice wounded, but never captured or sent to the hospital. His first experiences of battle were in the bloody affrays at Carthage and Wil- son's Creek, Mo., where the lamented General Lyon met his death. From the artillery he was mustered out at Chattanooga, Tenn., but. deeming that his adopted country had further need of him, he for the third time enlisted, becoming- a member of Co. A, Sixth Veteran Volunteers, serving for one year in garrison duty in Wash- ington, D. C, Alexandria. Va., and at Harris- burg, Pa., being mustered out with his regiment at Alexandria in 1866. Returning to St. Louis. Mr. Harsch went on to Leavenworth, Kan., and for four months was the blacksmith at the gov- ernment post at that city, thereafter crossing the plains to Fort McPherson, where he held the same position, being in the civilian service of the United States for twenty-seven months. He then became identified with railroading, following the Union Pacific in its construction from Omaha to Wyoming, in 1869 reaching South Pass, there establishing a blacksmith shop and remaining un- til 1873, when for two years he was the gov- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 83 r eminent blacksmith at Fort Stanbaugh, in 1876 making his permanent home and business head- quarters at Atlantic City. Here prosperity has attended his industrious efforts, not only in his trade, but also in the mining interests in which he has invested, having several promising pros- pects. Mr. Harsch is liberal in his support and contributions to matters of public and local im- provement, and is a loyal member and supporter of the Republican party, while fraternally he has been a valued member of the Odd Fellow and Masonic organizations, holding brotherly rela- tions now with Wyoming Lodge, No. 2, A. F. & A. M. On June 21, 1873, at South Pass, Wyo., Mr. Harsch married with Miss Elizabeth Scheeka, a native of Cassel, in Hesse-Darmstadt, Germany, and a daughter of Jacob and Martha Scheeka. Their children are Philip, who is married and resides at Atlantic City ; Henry W. ; Lenora, wife of R. C. Hunt, the popular postmaster of Atlantic City ; Martha E., and Regina. The death of Mrs. Harsch occurred on August 25, 1898, the whole community feeling her loss as a personal calamity and a sad bereavement. JOHN M. HORNECKER. One of the valuable contributions of the Ger- man Fatherland to the development of the great resources of the western portion of the United States, John M. Hornecker brought from his native land the sturdy, self-reliant and productive characteristics of his race, and has borne in no unstinted measure his share in the toils and vicissitudes that are necessary and integral por- tions of the advance of civilization, and he has reaped a rich harvest as the result of his exertions, occupying today an enviable position as one of the representative citizens of the county, and as one whose word is as good as his bond. He was born at Baden, Germany, in 1850, a son of John M. and Anna M. (Nusbaumer) Hornecker, the father, whose father's name was Jacob, being a weaver in Germany, but, after the emigration of the family to America, in 1855, becoming a farm- er and stockraiser in Holt countv, Missouri, serving as a militiaman in the Civil War. His efforts have brought successful results, and there he still resides, the faithful wife and mother hav- ing passed to her reward in 1876, at the age of fifty-one years. They had four sons, Ernest F., a stockman of Fremont county, Wyo. ; John M. ; Albert, now living in Oregon; George, of Lan- der, Wyo. Our subject received such education as a limited attendance at Missouri schools could provide, and early engaged in practical labor, working for wages on various Missouri farms until 1869, then becoming a driver of ox teams in construction work on the Union Pacific Rail- road near Cheyenne, so that his connection with Wyoming dates back thirty-three years. In Au- gust, 1869, he came to Miner's Delight, in Fre- mont county, there became identified with the mining industry, working for others for one )'ear and continuing his labors thereafter for himself until 1872, when, in association with a brother, he built a cabin near his present home, thereafter continuing mining at intervals until 1874, when occurred one of the most eventful periods of his life. Taking a contract to put up hay in the Wind River Valley for the U. S. government, in the prosecution of this enterprise he had man)' ex- citing episodes in the way of encounters with and surprises from the Indians, who were upon the warpath, duly accomplishing his purpose, however, and filling his contract. He had met hostile Indians before. He was at the mines in the spring of 1870 when the Arapahoes killed nine men, and was one of the avenging company that drove the savages from that vicinity. In 1877 and 1878 Mr. Hornecker was both clerk and carpenter at the Arapahoe agency, in the latter year making his home upon the nucleus of his present estate of 400 acres of valuable land, lying six miles southwest of Lander, and having plenty of water and being largely meadow land. This property he has highly improved with suitable buildings and accessories for the successful prose- cution of his principal enterprise, the successful raising of a fine character of graded Polled-An- gus and Jersey cattle, while his industry and care have also here developed a small and thrifty orch- 8 3 2 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. ard of apple, plum and other varieties of fruit trees, having also small fruits in profusion, mak- ing a truly ideal Wyoming home. An active and generous citizen, Mr. Hornecker is public spirit- ed in an eminent degree, is an earnest supporter .of the political doctrines he deems best adapted to the welfare of the state and country, and he has been placed in official positions of trust and consequence, having been for six years one of the county commissioners of Fremont county, and, at the present writing, he is occupying a place on the state poor-farm commission. In all that concerns the public weal Mr. Hornecker takes great interest and is generous to a high de- gree. At Lander, Wyo.,.on April 25, 1883, oc- curred the wedding ceremony of Mr. Hornecker and Miss Sarah Jolliff, she being a native of Illinois and a daughter of Abner and Maria (Scott) Joliff, natives of the same state. Mrs. Hornecker is an active and valued member of the First Methodist Episcopal church of Lander, and, as well as her husband, enjoys the esteem of the entire community. Their children are Roy, Ora. Amy and Ada. OLIVER P. HARDEE. Oliver P. Hardee, a prosperous and enterpris- ing farmer and stockgrower of Bighorn county, living not far from Basin on Shell Creek, has the incentive to patriotism engendered by his own love of his country in all its parts, by his loyal devotion to its institutions and interests and also that which was born of the traditions and history of his family, whose members from earlv Colo- nial times have been active and prominent, in all phases of the national defense and in the general productive forces of their country. His grand- father and his seven brothers fought under the great commander in the Revolution, from its opening contest at Hunker Hill, until glory crowned its triumphant banners at Yorktown. And. in the subsequent marvelous growth and developmenl of the land, their descendants have upheld in every relation of life the lofty ideal which they established. Mr. Hardee was born in Iowa, on August 26, 1842, a son of William and Elizabeth (Farley) Hardee, both natives of Kentucky and early settlers in Iowa. He re- mained in his native state until he was forty years of age, getting his education in her excel- lent public schools, marrying, when he was twen- ty-two, among her people, then settling down to an active farmer's life on her soil. There he prospered, and found the circumstances around him favorable and agreeable, until 1882, when he awakened to a desire for the larger range and the freer life of the western plains, came to Wyoming, locating on Goose Creek in Sheridan county. There he took up a homestead and started an en- terprise in raising stock and general farming, on a totally different basis from that in which he had formerly been engaged, and found it of sufficient magnitude to occupy all of his faculties and with variety enough in feature to satisfy the longing which had brought him thither. He re- mained on that ranch until 1891, then sold his interests and made his home in the town of Sher- idan for two years. In 1893 he purchased the home he now occupies on Shell Creek, which comprises 160 acres of excellent and highly cul- tivated land, well furnished with good improve- ments. On this he has since resided and he has here built up a prosperous and expanding business in the cattle industry, handling now about 150 well-bred Hereford cattle and also a large number of thoroughbred horses. By con- tinual and judicious culling he keeps his stock up to a high standard and by intelligent and care- ful attention he keeps it in good condition. But, exacting as is his business, he still takes time to give due attention to the affairs of the community, showing' active support to every enterprise of value in its advancement or improvement. He is an active member of the Masonic order and, for many years, he has been zealous in attendance on the meetings and deeply interested in the vital- itv and progress of his lodge. His first marriage occurred in Iowa, on January 14, 1864, and united him with Miss Eliza Bridgewater, a resi- dent of that state, hut a native of Missouri, where she was horn in 1844. She died in Sheridan conn- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 833 ty, Wyo., in 1886, leaving six children, Albinus W., Francis O., Amanda E., William E., Maola E.. and Lottie B. On August 12, 1896, Mr. Hardee married a second time, his choice being Mrs. Margaret Payne, a native of New York, but- living at the time at Sheridan, Wyo., where the marriage ceremonies were celebrated. WILLIAM HARTER. Holding worthy prestige among the success- ful livestock men of Laramie county, where he is also maintaining a representative position as a citizen, it is befitting in this connection to give a brief resume of the leading facts in the career of the gentleman whose name introduces this ar- ticle. William Harter was born in Erie county, New York, on September 11, 1862, a son of Mi- chael and Kate (Blake) Harter, both of whom were natives of the Empire state. Paternally, Mr. Harter's ancestors were Germans, the fam- ily being represented in America as early as the Colonial period. By occupation, Michael Harter was a contractor and builder. He followed his trade for a number of years in Erie county, N. Y., and still lives there, his home at the present time being in the town of Lancaster. William Harter spent the first sixteen years of his life in his na- tive county, and, at intervals, during that time attended the public schools, in which he acquired a knowledge of needed fundamental English branches. About 1876 he left home to make his own way in the world, and, ten years later, went to Montana, where he secured employment on a ranch near Miles City. After passing about eight months there, he engaged with a bridge crew on the Northern Pacific Railroad, and con- tinued in the latter line of work until 1883,. when he gave up his place and went to Canada, where he spent ten years about equally divided between bridgebuilding and driving a pack train. Subse- quently Mr. Harter traveled quite extensively over the Dakotas, Wyoming, the Indian Territory, Texas and other western states and territories, devoting his time to ranching. In the. summer of 1885 he accepted employment on a ranch near Cheyenne, and, during the next six years, drove cattle in that locality, in the meantime acquiring a thorough experience in every detail of the busi- ness. In 1890 he came to Laramie county, where he took up a ranch, twenty miles east of Fort Lara- mie, and, since that time, he has here been actively engaged in the livestock trade upon his own re- sponsibility, building, up a large and prosperous business. The place he owns consists of 540 acres of fine grazing land, while, in addition, he leases a tract of 640 acres, all being now fenced and admirably adapted for pasturage. On these lands he keeps a large number of cattle and his success has been such' as to win him recognition as one of the leading stockmen of the region in which he operates. Mr. Harter has a pleasant and highly attractive home upon his ranch, and, with his estimable companion, to whom he was united in marriage on July 27, 1893, is well suited to. enjoy the many comforts with which his place of abode is supplied. The maiden name of Mrs. Harter was Emma Davis, and the ceremony by which it was changed took place in the town of Chadroii, Nebraska. FRANK D. HELMER. From an old German ancestry on his father's side, an ancestry which had been for many gener- ations prosperous and substantial in the Father- land, and which had ever borne a manly and serviceable part in all the elements of progress and greatness in that country, came Frank D. Helmer, now of Bighorn county, Wyoming, liv- ing near Bigtrails postoffice, where he is con- ducting a prosperous and growing stock indus- try, exemplifying in his daily life the best factors of American citizenship. He was born in 1856, in Iowa, whither his father emigrated when he was a young man. His name was George Hel- mer, and he married Miss Eunice Polley, a na- tive of New York. They were farmers, and were well-to-do in Iowa, leading lives of industry and thrift, performing every duty of their calling with fidelity. In the esteem of their neighbors and friends they stood well and passed through' 834 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. life without reproach, with a steadily increasing regard on the part of all who knew them. Frank D. Helnier remained at home until he reached the age of sixteen, assisting his father on the farm and attending the schools in his vicinity during the winter months. In 1872 he came west to the Black Hills in South Dakota, and was engaged in the stock business there and in Nebraska until 1888, when he came to Wyoming and bought the ranch on which he now lives and there continued the enterprise he had started in the other states. He owns 310 acres of good range and meadow land, and handles on it 300 well-bred cattle and seventy-five to 100 good horses. He has ap- plied to his business, and to the improvement and equipment of his ranch, all the advanced thought of modern times in his line, and has one of the most desirable places in his section of the county. His stock has a high rank in the markets, and, being bred and kept with care, protected, as far as may be, from every form of disease and hard- ship, this is a natural result. He omits no effort to secure the best product, and quality is as cer- tain of asserting itself and bring proper returns in the stock market as elsewhere. Mr. Helmer was married in Nebraska to Miss Ada E. Ar- ledge, a native of Iowa, a daughter of Alexander and Julia (Peters) Arledge, the former a native of Kentucky and the latter of Wyoming. Three children have blessed their union, Charles, Ben- jamin and Joseph. Their home is a pleasant re- sort for their many friends, who always receive a cordial welcome and a generous hospitality, and the influence of the family on the local affairs of the community is forceful, all of its strength be- ing used on the side of substantial progress and improvement, there being no enterprise whatever, for the advancement of his country, in which Mr Helmer does not take an active interest. CHARLES J. GROSS. One of the most prominent citizens and the leading merchant of the city of Pine Bluffs, Laramie count)-, Wyoming, was the esteemed Charles J. Gross, whose untimely death, caused by a railroad accident in 1899, robbed the state of one of its most progressive and promising young business men. A native of Beaver county, Pa., he was born on September 11, 1862, the son of Henry and Louise Gross, natives of Ger- many. The father was born at Wetzler, Prus- sia, on November 15, 1825, and emigrated in 1848, establishing his home in Beaver county, in the Keystone state, where he engaged for a number of years in farming, then disposed of his farm and entered upon the merchandising busi- ness at Wall Rose in the same county, in which he continued with success for the long period of over thirty years, dying on February 17, 1900, and his widow is still at Wall Rose. He was an active member of the Democratic party and al- ways took a leading part in the campaigns of Beaver county. Charles J. Gross attained to man's estate in his native county, receiving his education in the public schools of Wall Rose. In 1882, when he had arrived at the age of twenty years, he went to East Liverpool, Ohio, where he remained about one year, then leaving his position there he removed to the city of Omaha, Neb., where he accepted a position in the employ of the Armour Packing Co., and re- mained until 1887, in the fall of that year he re- signed his position, removed to Pine Bluffs, Wyo- ming, purchased a small store building, and en- gaged in general merchandising. He met with immediate success and by hard work and care- ful attention to business enterprise grew to such an extent that in 1890 it became necessary for him to have larger store room for the convenient accommodation of his increasing patronage. He, therefore, purchased the store and stock of mer- chandise of another merchant of the place and continued to transact a large and constantly in- creasing business until 1898, by which time his business had again outgrown his room, and he erected a large two-story block, at that time the largest building of the place. Here he carried on merchandising until his death, on December 30, 1899. While engaged in shipping cattle in Neb- raska he met with an accident on the railroad which resulted fatally. He left a large estate to his widow, who still carries on the business PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 835 along the lines followed by her husband, who was buried in the city of Cheyenne. On February 28, 1892, Mr. Gross wedded at Chey- enne, Miss Mary E. Dolan, a native of Wyo- ming and a daughter of William and Margaret (Kerwin) Dolan, natives of Ireland, who are well-known residents of Wyoming. To the union of Mr. and Mrs. Gross were born three children, William A., C. Crawford and Henry L., all of whom are living. The home life was a notably happy one and Mrs. Gross was a true helpmeet to her husband and a valuable adviser and a safe counselor to him in all his business enterprises. Much of his success was due to her assistance and good judgment, and since his un- fortunate death she has demonstrated her finan- cial ability. In addition to her property interests in Pine Bluffs she is the owner of a ranch 'iri Nebraska and of one stocked with cattle about ten miles west of Pine Bluffs, Wyo., her cattle interests being managed by her brothers. She is highly esteemed as a woman of great force of character, as well as of business acumen, and en- joys universal esteem, and the family are devout members of the Roman Catholic church. Mr. Gross was a stanch adherent of the Democratic party, always active and prominent in that po- litical organization, and for five years prior to his death he was the postmaster at Pine Bluffs. In his untimely death, the business community sustained a serious loss and the commonwealth was deprived of a most valuable citizen. W. E. HATFIELD. Coming to the Bighorn basin in the last dec- ade of the nineteenth century, after seeing much of life in many states of the farther West, and employing his' energies in many crafts in various places, W. E. Hatfield brought to the home he has made among this people, and to the work he has done here, a wide experience and a knowl- edge of men and methods, which can seldom be gathered from any other source. This experi- ence has been of great service to him here and it has given him success and standing as one of the leading citizens and progressive men of the portion of the state, which he has helped to de- velop and adorn. He is a native of Missouri, where he was born on April 28, 1867, the son of C. M. and Sarah (Pyle) Hatfield, who had lived in that state for many years. When he had reached the age of nine his parents removed to Kansas, and, in this new home, he completed his education, in that source of great power and safety to the American people, the public schools, and, when he became of age, he started in life for himself in the occupation his ancestors had been connected with for generations, the cultiva- tion of the soil. In 1890 he came to Colorado, after having passed two or three years in his native state. Colorado interested and employed him for a time, and he then came to Wyoming for a year. From this state he went to South Dakota, and there he lived for four years, at Pierre. At the end of that period he once more sought a home and its pleasures in Wyoming, and, locating in the neighborhood wherein he now resides, engaged in the stock business. He owns a fine ranch of 200 acres, where he has a herd of 400 cattle and a band of horses. While the stock industry has been his principal business here, he has not neglected the improvement of his farm, nor ignored the great possibilities of gen- eral agriculture in the basin. He has erected good buildings, a comfortable and attractive resi- dence and other structures in keeping with this, and has added to the equipment of his place, for both his principal industry and the subsidiary work of farming, all of the necessary appliances, which are of good quality and the most approved patterns. He has also given to the general in- terests of the community due attention and the. intelligence in practical application which he has acquired from his extensive experience and close observation, while nothing tending to the prog- ress and elevation of the neighborhood has lacked his earnest and active support. He was married in South Dakota, in 1892, to Miss Blanche Car- penter, a native of Indiana, whose parents re- moved from that state to the place of her mar- riage when she was young, and she has con- ducted the domestic interests of the establishment with the same vigor, success and easy grace that 8 3 6 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. have characterized the work belonging to the other activities on the ranch^ the home being a model of thrift, enterprise and neatness, of skill- ful husbandry and good taste. HEMAN HYDE. Comfortably, even elegantly, located in the midst of his 320-acre ranch of fine meadow land, on which he raises graded cattle in goodly num- bers, and carries on a farming and dairy industry of large proportions, Bishop Heman Hyde can defy the shafts of misfortune and laugh a long siege of them to scorn, for, so far as this world's goods are concerned, he is not only apparently secure against the winds of adverse fate, but may have in addition to the feeling of security he pos- sesses, the enjoyment born of knowing that his estate is the legitimate fruit of his own industry, enterprise and thrift. He is a native of Utah, where he was born on February 3, 1855, his par- ents, Hon. Rosel and Mary A. (Cowles) Hyde, being natives of New York, who came to Utah in 1848. The father was, while in active life, a farmer, and a man of great public spirit, both in political and in church circles. For a number of years he was an esteemed member of the Ter- ritorial Legislature, and also a counsellor of the bishop of his ward. At the age of eighty-nine he is passing a calm and beautiful evening of life in Davis county, in the state he helped to build, and to adorn with all the strength, productiveness and graces of civilized society. His most dutiful and worthy wife died in 1902, at the age of eighty-four. His ancestry came to this countrv in Colonial days and aided materially in winning the independence and in establishing the infant government of their adopted land, and afterwards dignified and adorned every walk of civil life, their home being in New York state. Heman Hyde was one of nine children, eight of whom arc living. Tie was educated in the public schools of Utah and began life for himself as a farmer in his native stale, going thence in a short time to Idaho, where he remained engaged in farm- ing- until 1888. Tie then settled on the ranch he now owns and occupies near Auburn, which was, when he took it up, a sage brush desert, and which he has converted into a veritable garden of fertility and beauty. It comprises, as has been noted, 320 acres of meadow land, is highly im- proved, in an agricultural sense, ha's good barns and other necessary buildings, corrals, etc., for its proper uses, and is made unusually attractive by a fine residence which he has erected. This is a modern two-story, eight-room house, of archi- tectural beauty, convenient arrangement, tasteful adornment and complete equipment, "sir. Hyde is a man of progress and breadth of view. He sees clearly what is good for the community in which he lives and lends himself with energy and ardor to securing it. He was one of the pub- lic spirited committee that secured the telephone line for Auburn, helping to give the required guarantee. In church work he has ever been ear- nest, diligent and zealous, being a bishop in Idaho for a number of years, and, after that, a counsellor to the bishop. He" was set apart as bishop in Wyoming in 1894 and has held the of- fice continuously since that time, the work of the church prospering greatly in his hands, its har- mony being well preserved, all its interests flour- ishing, its good influences throughout the com- munity deepening and broadening with com- mendable steadiness and certainty. On May 9, 1878, he married at Salt Lake City, Utah, with Miss Ermina T. Griffith, of Utah, a daughter of Patterson D. and Elizabeth (Carson) Griffith, na- tives of Ohio and Pennsylvania, respectively. Three children have blessed the union, Heman, Jr., married and living at Auburn; William A., and Dora E., still at the paternal home. W. S. HUGHES. . One of the leading stockmen of his section, who has made a success in life entirely by his own exertions, skill and industry, and is now the proprietor of a productive estate of 1,120 acres in the Bigpiney district of Wyoming. Wil- liam S. Hughes well deserves a representation in this volume, which is devoted to the progressive PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 837 men of the state. He was born in Indiana on August 19, i860, a son of Stephen F. and Char- lotte (Simpson) Hughes, his parents being na- tives respectively of Kentucky and Indiana. His father, a wagonmaker by trade, was a man of great public spirit and patriotism, demonstrating this most clearly by his protracted service in the Union army of the Civil War, where, at the bat- tle of Chapin's Farm, he sacrificed an arm to his country's cause. He now resides in Leavenworth, Kan., the mother having died in 1876, at thirty- seven years of age. The scanty school advantages offered to Mr. Hughes were presented in a sod schoolhouse in Kansas, and, at an early age, he took up the task of earning his own livelihood, en- gaging in the stock business, which he followed in Kansas for six years, as an employe of Jerry McGaw, better known as "Wild-horse Jerry." Then, coming west to Nevada, he rode the range for two years, thence coming to Wyoming, where he was employed in the same capacity for The Middle Six and the P. F. outfit until 1885, in which year he worked on the trail for the Hash- Knife proposition, continuing to be so occupied until he came to Bigpiney in 1887. Desiring the greater independence afforded in business opera- tions of his own, and, by his unremitting efforts, having acquired sufficient financial reinforcement to accomplish this, he then made claim to a tract of government land of 320 acres, which was the nucleus of his present extensive realty of 1,120 acres. Here he at once engaged in cattlerais- ing, which, under his discriminating care and successful methods, has attained wide scope and importance, large herds of fine grades of cattle being now marked with his brand. Here also he has developed a fine estate, with a commodious residence of modern architecture and all of the necessaries and auxiliaries required for a suc- cessful prosecution of his special branch of agri- culture. He is considered one of the leading cat- tlemen of this section of Wyoming, his judg- ment and opinion in the line of his business car- rying marked weight with his brother ranchmen. In public matters Mr. Hughes is broad-gauged, and liberal, generously aiding all worthy ob- jects, while in politics he actively supports the principles of the Republican party, giving its campaigns appreciative assistance. Mr. Hughes was married on September 10, 1892, with Mrs. Hibbard, a native of Virginia and the widow of T. F. Hibbard. Her parents were natives of Virginia, where her father, John, now resides, her mother being deceased. By her first mar- riage, she has a gifted daughter, Clarissa A. Hib- bard, now a student of the Academy of the Sa- cred Heart, at Ogden, Utah. Mr. and Mrs. Hibbard have a son, John S. Hughes. JAMES HUNTER. One of the distinctively representative young men of Uinta county, Wyoming, one, who, by his own abilities, has attained to a responsible position, and stands well in the circles of his ac- quaintance as a popular and capable individual, is the person of whom we now make record, James Hunter, the efficient foreman of Mine No. 4, of the Diamond Coal & Coke Co., at Glen- coe. He was born at Lanarkshire, Scotland, on April 17, 1867, a son of James and Ellen (Steven- son) Hunter, natives of Scotland, the father be- ing a son of George and Margaret Hunter, who both descended from families established in Scot- land for many generations. James Hunter, Sr., was a lifelong miner in the coal mines of his na- tive land, and both himself and wife are still re- siding in their pleasant Scottish home. Their son, James, was the sixth in order of birth of their sixteen children, of whom eight are now living. James Hunter received a good practical education in the excellent national schools of Scotland, also acquiring skill in the mining craft under the superior training of his father. When eighteen he crossed the Atlantic to Canada, deem- ing the opportunities for better remuneration and advancement in life far superior on this side of the ocean. For about two years he gave faith- ful and unremitting service in the Canadian mines and returned to Scotland in 1888 to visit his parents. The experience he had acquired in America gave him great hopes of ultimate sue- 8 3 8 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. cess and prosperity in the United States, and he soon left Scotland, making his destination, Rock Springs, Wyoming, to which place his parents and family not long after followed him. The home ties of auld Scotia were too attractive, how- ever, to hold them long here, and, after five years' residence in Wyoming, they returned to Scot- land. Mr. Hunter continued to be engaged in the mines at Rock Springs until 1899, when his intelligent service received a due reward in his promotion to fire-boss at Diamondville, from thence being sent as foreman to develop the mines at Glencoe, and he has the distinction of taking out the first shovelful of ore from the mine. Energetic, progressive and enterprising, he has neither spared money nor personal exertions in developing the resources of the state, and holds a high position in the community, while, fraternal- ly, he is affiliated with the Odd Fellows' lodge at Diamondville. He was married, on December 31, 1890, at Almy, Wyo., to Miss Millicent A. Burton, a daughter of Joseph and Emma (All- cock) Burton, natives of Nottinghamshire, Eng- land, but was now residents of Spring Valley, Wyo. A winsome daughter, Emma, graces the family circle of the Hunter fireside. ROB R. HAMILTON. Among the citizens of Uinta county, Wyo- ming, who occupy a high place in the estimation of its people and who is known as a representa- tive stockman, doing much by his painstaking culture of fine strains to improve the cattle of this section, Rob R. Hamilton, of Smiths Fork, three and one-half miles south of Robertson post- office, is a native son of Wyoming, his birth oc- curring at Smiths Fork, on August 23, 1869, a son of Richard H. Hamilton and his wife, who came to this country in very early days in the same year in which his sister and her husband, Hon. W. A. Carter, made their settlement here, and engaged in farming and stockraising. Mr. ! [amilton is the oldest of the four children of his parents, and after an education at the public schools, he took up the quarter-section of gov- ernment land on which is now his home, and be- came a raiser of stock, a vocation for which he had been amply tutored under the experienced care of his father. He has added 160 acres to his original acreage and raises a fine quality of graded Hereford cattle, usually running about 125 animals in his herd. Mr. Hamilton married in Evanston, Wyo., on September 17, 1890, with Miss Ethel Hewitt, a daughter of Avery and Ag- nes (McCulloch) Hewitt, the mother descending from an old, time-honored Scotch family. Their children are Harriet E., Ruth Agnes, Clara M., Ethel M. and Helen W. For an extensive record of Mr. Hamilton's ancestry, we refer the reader tc the history of Hon. W. A. Carter, on another page of this volume. In the pleasant home of Mr. Hamilton a generous hospitality is dispensed to their appreciative friends. JOHN T. HAWKINS. A good type of the industrious, adventurous men who by their energy, thrift, economy and good judgment have attained success in the West and demonstrated the possibilities awaiting the earnest worker in the wild lands of this wonder- ful western section of the American Union, John T. Hawkins, now a progressive and successful rancher and stockman on Smiths Fork, near Rob- ertson, Uinta county, Wyoming, may be consid- ered an old-timer, as he has been identified with the new land for many years, industriously occu- pying his time and energies in such vocations as have tended to the material development of the territory and state. He was born in New Lon- don, Iowa, on November 28, 1863, a son of Michael and Elizabeth (McNulty) Hawkins, his father being a native of Scotland, a son of Dan- iel and Mary Hawkins, and his mother having her birth in Ireland. Michael Hawkins was for many years a farmer in Iowa, uniting for years with that vocation the buying of cattle, in which he was an acknowledged expert. He is now liv- ing at Dendale, Iowa, his cherished wife having closed her eyes in death in October, 1898, at the age of sixty years, her remains being tenderly PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 839 deposited in the Dendale cemetery. The third of the ten children of his parents, J. T. Hawkins was early taught the practical lesson that honest la- bor was the first duty of man, being an assistant to his father in the care of his stock even at an early age. He attended the district schools and made such progress that he continued his educa- tion in the excellent academy at New London, and was duly graduated therefrom. Thereafter he was connected with railroad work in Iowa until 1885, when, continuing the same employ- ment, he came to Colorado, and was identified with the Union Pacific Railroad for two years, thence going to Utah and entering the employ of the Denver & Rio Grande Railroad, but not long thereafter, he closed his connection with rail- road operations, coming to Fort Bridger and engaging with Mrs. W. A. Carter as an employe until the reservation was thrown open to settle- ment, when he filed on the 160 acres where he now makes his home, securing the second choice on the reservation and becoming the possessor of a valuable tract of land. Here he has since given his energies to the development of a superior cattle ranch, and has been prospered in his undertak- ings, using wise discrimination in the selection of his stock and confining his attention to the finest strains of thoroughbred and graded Hereford cattle, being held in high esteem as a stockman of merit and progressive ways, while his long residence in the West has given unto him a large circle of personal friends. His herd on an aver- age consists of from fifteen to twenty thorough- breds and from seventy-five to eighty head of finely graded stock. Pleasant, accommodating and unassuming, it is no wonder that he should make friends all along his pathway, for his ear- nest efforts are always given to all causes of pub- lic benefit or worthy private benefactions. GUSTAVUS HEDER. One of the sturdy sons of far-distant Sweden, who has personally demonstrated the possibilities of the West in providing a competence and an enjoyable home, Gustavus Heder, a ranchman on Smiths Fork, Uinta county, Wyoming, not far from Robertson postoffice, can surely bless the day when his enlightened courage caused his emi- gration from Sweden, the land of his forefathers for long generations, for it has resulted in his acquiring here an independence and fortune that he could never have aspired to reach in his na- tive land. He was born near Wennersborg, Swe- den, on January 5, 1845, a son of John and Chris- tina (Erickson) Heder. His father, who died before Gustavus was born, was for many years a soldier, and the son was the youngest of three children. Mr. Heder came to the United States when he was a young man of- seventeen years, having before this availed himself most studious- ly of the advantages of the Swedish schools, and, coming directly to Utah, he at once commenced the life of untiring industry through which he has attained his present prosperity, by engaging in agricultural pursuits, which he steadily con- tinued in Utah until 1873, when he came to Hil- liard, Wyo., here following his earnest labors of farming, by engaging in various occupations, such as hauling timber, burning charcoal, etc.", pursuing these employments with satisfactory financial results for fourteen years, thence remov- ing to Fort Bridger and to the employ of J. Van A. Carter, with whom he remained until the opening of the reservation to settlement, when he soon located the 160 acres of land, where is now his home, engaging at once in its active de- velopment, and here, with his son, Albert, he is now conducting a profitable business in the rais- ing of cattle and horses. He has recently taken up 160 acres on the bench near his home ranch, so that his landed property now embraces 320 acres, a large proportion of which is in a fine state of improvement, having substantial build- ings and other accessories of ranch life. In Utah, on June 10, 1866, Mr. Heder was married with Miss Charlotte Bockman, a daughter of Oliver and Helena Bockman, natives of Sweden, who emigrated from the old world to Utah in 1866. Their seven children are Albert G, who is mar- ried and located near his father; Helena C, wifq of John Ovary ; Alma H., wife of James G. Me- 840 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. geath; Joseph; Anna. John N. and George 0< died in Utah in very early life. Mr. Heder is a progressive citizen and takes an active part in public matters of a local character; ALBERT G. HEDER. Inheriting the vigorous constitution and habits of centuries of Scandinavian ancestors, and yet himself a child of the West, the popular and ener- getic ranchman, Albert G. Heder, is doublv equipped for a successful career. He was born in Utah on May I, 1869, a son of Gustavus and Charlotte (Bockman) Heder, natives of Swe- den, and of whom and their parents extended no- tice is given previously in this volume. He was barely four years old when he accompanied his parents to Wyoming, and here he attained a vig- orous manhood, applying himself to the practical life of a rancher, acquiring in the public schools a solid foundation for the education that has come to him through experience and from min- gling with the affairs of the world. As soon as he was large enough to do a creditable day's work, he became an employe of Hon. W. A. Car- ter in the stock business, continuing to be thus engaged for four years and until the fertile land of the Fort Bridger reservation was given up to settlement, when he located the farm where his father now resides, and permanently identified himself with the stock industry on his own ac- count, being favored in his enterprise and win- ning success by his proper application of the prin- ciples and methods that make for success in his chosen field of endeavor. In association with his father he has here developed one of the beautiful ranches of the countryside, and their success has been deserved. Albert G. Heder, is one of the alert movers in all matters of public importance, and to him is due the distinction of being one of the originators of Robertson postoffice and of circulating the petition in this portion of the state asking for the passage of a bill allowing the peo- ple here to secure a second quarter-section of gov- ernment land. This petition was placed in the hands of U. S. Senator Clark, and, through his activity and efforts, the bill was drafted and made a law. Mr. Heder is a forceful factor in all mat- ters of public interest. Miss Metta Marshall, the winsome daughter of Ephraim and Ida (Dotson) Marshall, became his wife on June 22, 1899. They have one child, Myrtle Lucille. For ances- tral and other data of the Marshall family, the reader is referred to the sketch of Mr. and Mrs. Marshall, on other pages of this work. MARK HOPKINS. Among the founders of civilization in the New World, the emigrant ancestor of the Hop- kins family of America dates back to Mayflower days, being identified prominently with the prog- ress of the Massachusetts and Connecticut colo- nies, both in their professional and industrial life and also in the military contingent furnished by those colonies in the Revolution. We can here trace this branch of the family no farther than to John Hopkins, who was a prominent farmer of Hartford, Conn., in the eighteenth century. His son, John, was a lifelong farmer and resi- dent of Connecticut, dying at a hale old age in the commencing days of the Great War of 1861. He was the grandfather of Mark Hop- kins, now of Cumberland, AVyo., and his son, John Hopkins, born in 1836, in Connecticut, received an excellent literary and scientific edu- cation, becoming an expert civil engineer, follow- ing that profession in New York city for over thirty years with marked ability. His death oc- curred in New York in 1896. His wife, Susan (Shinley) Hopkins, was born in 1837, in Penn- sylvania, a daughter of Peter Shinley. Mark Hopkins, the son of this worthy couple, was born in Connecticut in i860, and he had su- perior advantages of education in the New- York schools, supplementing them by a thorough course of instruction in a Brooklyn college, from which he was graduated in 1878. He had paid especial attention to the technical and scientific branches of mining, and immediately after his graduation began to be occupied with mining en- gineering in Pennsylvania, conducting this pro- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 841 fession with pronounced skill in that state for eight years, thereafter coming" to Rock Springs, Wyo., where he accepted the highly responsible position of assistant general superintendent of the coal mines of the Union Pacific at that place, performing faithful service for four years. Later he held a similar position for a term of years in Colorado and Utah, returning to Wyoming and, in February, 1891, assuming his present po- sition in charge of the mines at Cumberland. Mr. Hopkins has long been a faithful adherent of the Republican party, its principles and its policies receiving his hearty support, having been a mem- ber of the constitutional convention that estab- lished the state of Wyoming, holding the chair- manship of the committee on mines and mining. His marriage to Mis"s Ella Bright, a native of Pennsylvania, born of English ancestry, occurred in 1886, her parents also being natives of that state. The family occupies a distinctive rank in the social circles of the community and is recog- nized as a prominent factor in all things tending to the uplifting and advancement of the section. GEORGE HARTLEY. Scottish ancestors in the old land and Revo- lutionary forefathers in the new, have made a family history of which one might well be proud, provided one has lived up to his inheritance, and that he has done so, this short sketch of George Hartley will fully show. He was born near Hartley, Jefferson county, Ohio, on December 31, 1851, the son of Daniel and Samantha (Love) Hartley, native Pennsylvanians and early pio- neers of Ohio. Daniel's mother and father, Wm. J. Hartley, were from Scotland, the father farm- ing in this country until he joined the Federal forces fighting for the independence of the colo- nies, a worthy scion of loyal forefathers. The mother of George, Samantha Love, was a daugh- ter of Thomas Love, also of Revolutionary stock and Scottish ancestry, which brought to the fam- ily heritage additional records of patriotism and true nobility, which were to shine forth in the lives of noble sons of the soil in our western states. These two died in Nebraska in 1894 and 1895, respectively. George Hartley engaged in farming for others, both in Illinois and Nebraska, until 1870, when he started for himself in Jeffer- son county, Iowa, where he remained until 1880, when he journeyed farther west, then engaging in farming for two years in Nebraska. The fol- lowing six years he spent in the cattle business, near Kemmerer, Wyo., and here he took up 640 acres of land on Horse Creek, where he now lives, owning 800 acres, which he devotes to cat- tleraising, ranging here several hundred head of stock annually. On February 16, 1880, he was married, near New Helena, Custer county, Neb,, with Miss Almeta J. Snider, a daughter of James and Mahalia (Sleeth) Snider, natives of Virginia, and of old Colonial stock that was of German de- scent. They have had four children, three of whom are living, Charlotte, Ethel and Grover. In Mr. Hartley we find one whose name has stood prominently forth in the annals of several West- ern states in their early struggles for existence, and one who has ever shown the sturdy pluck, the kind consideration for others and the true courtesy of blue-blooded ancestry, so one is not surprised to find that once, amid the varied for- tunes of pioneer life, he spent his last fifteen cents to buy postage stamps for his wife; to which ever ready forgetfulness of self arose his present position among the esteemed pioneers of Wyo- ming and his place in public favor. VAUGH HUFFORD. Vaugh Hufford, a prominent young business man of Evanston, Wyoming, was born in 1873 at Jenningsville, Pa., being the son of Jeffery and Adeline E. (Dull) Hufford. His father, a re- tired farmer, still living at Strasburg, Pa., was born there in 1832. He was proud of his calling as a farmer and made it his devotion as well as his business. No doubt it was thereby that he is now able to live in comfortable retirement. He served four years in the Civil War, enlisting at its outbreak in Co. M, One Hundred and Fifty- second Pennsylvania Heavy Artillery. He was 842 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. the son of Peter and Katie (Trydeley) Hufford, the former, born in Germany, settled in Pennsyl- vania as a farmer and lumberman, and died aged seventy-seven years, the latter a native of Con- necticut, married in Pennsylvania, where she died in 1836. Vaugh Hufford's mother was born in Burlington, Pa., in 1836. She is a woman of the home-loving order. She was married in her native state, and still lives there. She is a member of the Methodist church. Her parents are Joseph and Mary Dull. Vaugh Hufford was reared and educated in Pennsylvania, graduating in 1891 from the Pennsylvania State College, a master of the science and art of draughting, in which he has found steady and remunerative employment from the first. He went from college to the Beth- lehem iron works in his native state, thence to the Brooklyn navy yard; later to Rhode Island, thence to the Dixon Manufacturing Co., at Scran- ton, Pa., to Clark Bros., Belmont,_ N. Y.. to the Atlas iron works, Wilkesbarre, Pa., to Cramp's shipyard, Philadelphia, to the Lehigh Valley Rail- road, to the Walker iron works, of Cleveland, Ohio., and back to the Lehigh Valley Railroad. Next he went with the Union Pacific, and with this road he remained until the May preceding this writing. Since then he has been. in the oil and map business, and located at Evanston, Wyo. He has extensive oil claims in Wyoming, and is connected with the American Consolidated Co. and other corporations and industries. Mr. Huf- ford is a clean-cut young man of affairs, unmar- ried, in all matters being a quick, prompt, resolute and successful man of affairs, who holds a con- spicuous place in business and society circles. CHARLES HEIDRICK. A successful ranch and stockman, who is also largely interested in mining, is the subject of this brief review, Charles Heidrick, now residing in the vicinity of Jelm, Albany county, in the state of Wyoming. A native of the state of Penn- sylvania, he is of German descent and was born in 1861, the son of Jacob and Catherine Heidrick, both natives of Germany. His father emigrated from the Fatherland in early life, and in the Keystone state he established his home and there engaged in the occupation of farming. He re- mained here for a short time and then disposing of his property in Pennsylvania he removed his residence, in 1852, to California. Here he en- gaged in the business of fruitgrowing, in which he continued, with varying success, for a short time and then returned to Pennsylvania. Not being satisfied with business conditions, as he then found them on his return, he again went to the Pacific coast, where he followed fruitgrowing, ranching and mining up to 1871, when he re- moved his residence to the state of Missouri, here settling in the southwestern portion of that state, where he engaged in the pursuit of farm- ing up to the time of his death, which occurred in 1878. Fraternally, he was affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and, in polit- ical life he was a stanch and enthusiastic adher- ent of the Republican party and he took an active and useful part in public affairs during his life- time. The mother, who was a daughter of one of the leading German families who settled early in the commonwealth of Pennsylvania, passed away in 1863 in Eldorado county, Calif., and was buried in that state. The subject of this sketch, Charles Heidrick, grew to manhood in the states of California and Missouri, and was at home with his parents up to the time of the death of his father in 1878. He received his early edu- cation in the public schools of California and Missouri, but after the death of his father he was compelled to leave school and assist by his labor in the support of his mother and the fam- ily. Securing employment at first as a farm hand in the vicinity of his home, he remained there in that labor for about one year, and later came to the state of Nebraska, following this occupation. Believing that the opportunities for making a for- tune were greater in mining than in farming, he removed to the state of Colorado, and there engaged in silver mining for a number of years and up to the spring of 1885. He then disposed of his interests in Colorado and came to the ter- ritory of Wyoming. Here he located in the vi- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 843 cinity of his present home, and first entered upon the business .of mining, in which he is still inter- ested. His mining properties are known as the American No. 1 and the American No. 2, and are considered very valuable claims. Upon his first coming to Wyoming, he also located a pre- emption claim and engaged in a small way in the business of cattleraising. He has continued in this pursuit down to the present time and has been very successful, gradually extending his business operations from year to year. In 1888 he was united in marriage to Miss Idessa Baker, a native of Kansas and the daughter of M. H. and Anna J. Baker, respected citizens of that state. Mr. and Mrs. Heidrick have five children, James E., Grade Pearl, William Earl, Charles Edward and Minnie May, all of whom are residing with their parents. Fraternally, Mr. Heidrick is af- filiated with the order of Woodmen of the World and he is also a member of the American Protec- tive Association. Politically, he is an ardent member of the Republican party, for years been active and prominent in the affairs of that party. He has held the office of justice of the peace in the community where he resides, discharging the responsible duties of that position with ability, and with a sense of justice that won for him the commendation of all classes of people. ALBERT HOGE. To the development and substantial gain of the United States' no land has contributed more than the German Fatherland, whether the compar- ison be made in mere physical force or in refer- ence to force of character, both elements of good citizenship. Among her esteemed contributions, who have planted and cultivated in the New World the manliness and persistent application, the thrift and industry, the sturdy independence and the mental energy for which her people are noted at home, is Albert Hoge, of Crook county, Wyoming, practically the founder of Sundance and now one of its most esteemed citizens. He was the first settler in what is now Crook county, and, on the land on which he first "stuck his stake," a new and promising municipality has grown into being, which has at his behest taken its name from the majestic mountain at whose base it lies, and which was called Sundance Mountain from the fact that in the early days the Indians gathered on its shaggy side to carry on their wardance from sunrise to sunset, in its performance to show their bravery and endur- ance to their pale-face enemies. Mr. Hoge was born on January 28, 1835, in Prussia, the son of Frederick and Louisa Hoge, also natives of Ger- many, where the father was a miller to the end of his life. There their son, Albert, grew to be sixteen years old, receiving his education in the state schools and yearning for opportunity to see and mingle with the great world far from his hamlet home. Accordingly he went to sea when he was yet a youth and sailed on merchant- men for fifteen years, touching every part .of the Mediterranean and most of the navigable At- lantic in his numerous voyages. In 1866 he en- listed in the German navy and served for a term of years, returning to the merchant marine in 1870, on his first trip reaching New York. He then determined to abandon the sea, and, going to Chicago, began a term of service on the great lakes. Quitting this in 1875, he came westward to the Black Hills in search of gold, and there followed prospecting and mining for four years. In 1879 he came to Wyoming, and yielding him- self as boldly unto the pathless wilderness, as he had done to the pathless sea, he preempted a claim on the land where the townsite of Sundance is now plotted and settled upon it as a permanent home.' But the quickening march of civilization into this region made it necessary to prepare for a town, and he laid out and named the new town of Sundance, built a hotel and a store, and gave to the new enterprise a healthy impulse towards its present commercial and political importance. His were the first buildings erected in the place, and, after three years successful use, he sold them and took up his present ranch situated three and one-half miles south of the town, and here he has since remained engaged in farming and rais- ing stock. He has 480 acres of well-improved 844 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. land, forming one of the attractive and desirable agricultural properties in the county, and he car- ries on an extensive stock business. He also owns considerable property of value in the town of Sundance, and his stepson, George Durkee, owns the two ranches adjoining his. When he came into Wyoming Mr. Hoge was one of a party of six who were attacked by Indians at the old stockade, now the residence of Mr. Burns, where one of the party was killed. For some years the savages were hostile and gave their white settlers much trouble and annoyance. But the hardy pioneers persevered in their determin- ation to remain and conquer the country, and, in course of time, they were able to enjoy the fruits of their valor in a permanent and prosperous peace. In the spring of 1883, at Sundance, the town he had founded and named, Mr. Hoge was united in marriage with Mrs. Sophia (Brown) Durkee, a widow, having three chil- dren, George, Charles and Carrie, who had come with her children to make her home at Sundance in the home of a brother the year before. She died on June 17, 1901, and two of her children are living elsewhere. George, however, makes his home with his stepfather. In his politics Mr. Hoge is an active Republican. The country in which he settled in the land of his adoption has prospered and developed into a populous and en- terprising section under his inspiration and guid- ance ; the people among whom he has lived hold him in high esteem ; the mercantile, agricultural and educational forces he has set in motion are flourishing; he can look upon the work of his hands and the products of his energies, and see that they are good. And, thus blessed with the realization that he has not lived in vain, he can find enjoyment in both prospect and retrospect during the remainder of his well-spent life. • ALEXANDER C. HENDERSON. Nature has no choice spots for the birth of her great men. According to her needs and occa- sions the earth is all Athens, all Stratford-on- Avon. When a man is required for any definite purpose, she produces him, apparently without regard to circumstances, flinging him into the crisis fearlessly. She knows her brood, and those whom she singles out for great events never dis- appoint. Sometimes, in her gladsome bounty, she produces at once a whole family of capables, then shoves them into the environments which develop them into what she intended. An impressive il- lustration of this truth is given in the life and record of the Henderson family, of which Alex- ander C. Henderson, one of the prominent and successful farmers and stockmen of Crook coun- ty, Wyoming, is an honored member. This fam- ily record contains the recital of distinguished services to our country in peace and war. It is silvered with the white light of patriotic daring on many a bloody field of the Civil War, but darkened with the tragic touch of death at Shi- loh, where one son sealed his devotion with his life, and in a hospital ward, where another son died from the effects of privations and exposure in the service. The record is enriched with faith- ful and unyielding devotion to duty along the beaten paths of life, when naught of public clam- or or danger called our hosts to arms ; and has been rendered glorious by conspicuous service along the line of great events in the person of one of its distinguished members, Hon. David B. Henderson, a brother of the subject of this writ- ing, who, during the past three National Con- gresses has wielded the Speaker's gavel in the House of Representatives with eminent success, guiding the activities, concentrating the wisdom, stimulating the industry and smoothing away the acerbities of that great legislative body. He has a life story, which, of itself, is sufficient to give the name a lofty and lasting place in history ; and his brothers have been no less faithful to duty in their several stations. Speaker Henderson is a product of our rural life in the Middle West, and passed his childhood, youth and early man- hood on the paternal farm in Iowa. He enlisted in the Union army in September, 1861, as a pri- vate, was elected and commissioned first lieuten- ant of his company, and he served with it until he lost a leg in battle. He afterward reentered PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 845 the army as a colonel and finished his term of ser- vice. He rose to distinction both as a lawyer and publicist, was many times elected to Con- gress, was three times Speaker of the House of Representatives; and, finally, when his blushing honors were thick upon him, disagreeing with the policy of his party on vital issues, rather than surrender his convictions he surrendered the scepter of power, voluntarily retiring to the sweet repose that comes only to the couch of private life. Alexander C. Henderson was born on No- vember 15, 1834, in Aberdeenshire, Scotland, the son of Thomas and Barbara L. (Legg) Hender- son, also Scotch by nativity. The father was a brewer in Aberdeenshire, but brought his fam- ily to America in 1845, and, settling in Fayette county, Iowa, engaged in farming until his death in 1882. Three vears later his widow died, and both are buried in the soil hallowed by their use- ful labors. Their family consisted of eight chil- dren, seven sons and one daughter. Three of the sons were members of the Twelfth Iowa In- fantry in the Civil War, in which two lost their lives and the third a limb. Alexander was one of the family party which came to the United States in 1845, an d hi the schools of Iowa he completed the education begun in those of Scot- land. After leaving school, in company with his brother, David B. Henderson, he conducted ag- ricultural operations on the homestead for a num- ber of years, and, after his brother went into other business, he had the entire charge of the farm and the care of his parents until death came for them. In 1892 he again sought the frontier life, coming to Wyoming and homestead- ing on the ranch he now occupies in Crook coun- ty, seven miles south of Sundance. Here he cast anchor and has since remained, fully engaged in cattleraising and farming, expanding his business from year to year, growing in the good will and esteem of his neighbors as his usefulness in their local affairs became more and more apparent. In politics he has been a lifelong Republican, be- ginning his allegiance to the party by voting for Lincoln for President the first time he was a can- didate, and since adhering to the faith then adopted with unvarying steadfastness. In Janu- ary, 1867, Mr. Henderson was united in marriage with Miss Minerva Teeter, a native of Clayton county, Iowa, the ceremony taking place in Fay- ette county, that state. Her parents were Moses and Anna (Cook) Teeter, natives of Canada who moved into Iowa soon after their marriage and there conducted a prosperous farming industry until the death of the father in 1890, and the mother is still living in Clayton county. Mr. and Mrs. Henderson have six children, Winifred, Mortimer, Anna, David, Barbara and Allie. THE HAWKEN BROTHERS. From time immemorial there lived in Corn- wall, England, a numerous family of thrift and enterprise, always alive to their opportunities and ready to make the most of them, bearing their part bravely and cheerfully in the affairs of the state, whether that part involved the weight of arms and the hazard of battle, the chance with ca- pricious wind and wave on the high seas, or the peaceful pursuits of husbandry or mining at home, making their distinct mark in every line of activity, typifying in every phase of being the admirable qualities of their race and section. This was the family of Hawken, a scion of which, named William, lived and flourished on the na- tive soil about the middle of the nineteenth cen- tury. He married with Elizabeth Rundel, also descended from an old and well-established Corn- ish family, and they had seven brawny, brainy sons, all of whom have contributed essentially to the development and improvement of Wyoming, building up profitable industries in her midst, giv- ing character and trend to her local institutions, guarding jealously her good name in business and statecraft, ever raising the standard of her citizenship. Charles R. Hawken, the eldest of these sons, was born in Cornwall, at the hereditary fireside, on January 1, 1853, and there he grew to man- hood, was educated and worked for years on the farm with his father. In 1888 he came to Wyo- ming, there joining three of his brothers, who 846 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. had preceded him to the New World by several years, and, from his arrival, he has been a respect- ed and prosperous citizen of the state, carrying on an extensive cattle industry in Crook county, and taking an active and serviceable interest in the government and public sentiment of his sec- tion of the country. Soon after his arrival he began to acquire land by taking up a quarter-sec- tion of land adjoining the tracts held by his brothers, and he has added to his possessions from time to time, until he now owns one body of 640 acres in that neighborhood and another of 160 acres, lying not far from the town of Sun- dance. His stock industry has grown to good proportions and high standing, being carried on with intelligence and judgment, and his position in the community is enviable and well-secured, having been won by force of character and grace of manner. His is a high type of manhood, well worthy of esteem in every relation of life. In politics he is an ardent Republican, in business a careful and successful manager, in social life a helpful and genial factor, in citizenship entitled to a high regard. Harry O. Hawken. — The second in order of birth, but, by common consent of the five brothers, whose life-story is here recorded briefly, being the American head of the family, Harry C. Haw- ken, was the pioneer of the name in this part of the country, having left his home and friends in merrie England in 1878, and, in company with his brothers, William and Thomas, joined the great army of industrial conquest that was mov- ing westward over the untamed wilderness of the United States. He was born on October I 7< x ^57- an d remained at home until he was twenty-one years of age. In America he first, for one year, halted in Ohio, then came to Lara- mie City, Wyo., near which rich settlement, with his two brothers he engaged in the sheep business until 1884, when, after wintering two seasons in California, they all came to Crook county, the brothers coming first with a large band of sheep, and Harry soon after joining them. He took n]i tin.' ranch he now occupies on Black's Flat, eight miles south of Sundance. In 1887 the part- nership with his brothers was dissolved, and he sold his sheep and bought cattle, and since then he has given his attention to this branch of the stock industry with gratifying success. He was one of the first settlers on the Flat and has contributed most essentially to the improvement of the region, giving to the work the benefit of a stimulating spirit of enterprise and the inspira- tion of an excellent example. He is a representa- ' tive citizen, well-known, highly esteemed, pros- perous, progressive and broad-minded. He holds allegiance to the Republican party and takes, an active interest in politics, serving his people as a worker in the ranks of citizenship and also in responsible official stations. He is now a mem- ber of the board of county commissioners, and, in this important office, he has won the commenda- tion of his fellow citizens. On October 28, 1889, he married with Miss Julia Thompson, a native of Pennsylvania, a daughter of Clinton and Re- becca (Grisley) Thompson. Her father was a leading lumberman in the Keystone state and there died in April, 1901, in Clearfield county, where her mother is yet living. Thomas R. Hawken, of near Sundance, Wyo- ming, has been a resident of the commonwealth since 1888, having come hither with his brother, Charles, in that year. He was born in Cornwall, England, on September 8, 1867, and reached his majority on his father's homestead in that coun- try, being educated at the country schools of his neighborhood and working between times on the farm. On their arrival in Wyoming the two brothers formed a partnership in the cattle busi- ness, and- continued it until 1902 on the ranch now owned and occupied by Charles. In that year the partnership was dissolved, and Thomas Hawken secured a lease of his brother, John's, ranch for a period of ten years, moved thither and began an enterprising cattle business on his own account. In this he is prospering and the industry is rapidly expanding, as he is utilizing judgment and prudence in its management, bringing to bear on its development and suc- cessful operation the results of reflective reading and careful observation, being fully convinced PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 847 that in his line of activity, mind controls matter as effectively as in any other, and using a goodly portion of the fruits of his labor in improving and building up a ranch of his own on which he homesteaded in 1901. He was united in mar- riage with Miss Carrie G. Durkee, of Sundance, on October 30, 1895. She was a native of Buf- falo, N. Y., a daughter of Silas and Sophia (Brown) Durkee, also natives of the Empire state. Her father was a popular and efficient teacher in Buffalo, and he died there in 1882. After his death the family came to Wyoming, and, since their arrival here in 1882, Mrs. Haw- ken has never been out of the state. Her mother died in a hospital in Omaha on June 20, 1901, and was buried at Sundance. Mr. and Mrs. Haw- ken have two children, C. Floyd and Ruth E. Mr. Hawkens is an ardent Republican. Albert G. Hawken. — From the peaceful, pic- turesque, highly cultivated vales and hillsides of old England, where every foot of ground receives individual attention, to the wild llanos of the great Northwest of the United States, where even broad acres attract no special notice, and nature yet revels in luxuriant freedom, is a long step in distance and conditions, but it is one which many men have joyfully taken to their permanent advantage. Among this number is Albert G. Hawken, one of the prosperous and respected ranch and stockmen of Black's Flat, in Crook county,' eight miles south of Sundance, Wyo. His life began in Cornwall in 1868, and there, under the paternal rooftree, he grew to manhood, without incident worthy of special note, attend- ing the schools of the vicinity and working on the farm as he had opportunity. In 1892, in company with his parents and his younger broth- er, Alfred, he came to America, proceeding at once to Wyoming, where he joined his elder brothers, who had become well-established in the country, and from its wild luxuriance had gath- ered substantial fortunes and secured good stand- ing in their community. For five years after his arrival, he worked on ranches, riding the range with the most daring, thereby acquiring knowl- edge of the country, health of body and breadth of mind. In 1897 he purchased a ranch on Black's Flats, eight miles south of Sundance, where he started a stockraising enterprise of his own. He has since taken up a ranch near the first, and both have been improved with a spirit and taste that are highly commendable. Mr. Hawken was married at Sundance, on October 22, 1896, to Miss, Lillian W. Lyons, ^native of Canada and a daughter of James and Charity (Harris) Ly- ons, English people, who settled years ago in the Dominion, and are still living and farming in the province of Ontario. Mr. Hawken is an active Republican in political affiliation and he and his wife stand high in desirable social circles. Their two children are Irene G. and Romona M. Alfred E. Hawken. — Like his brothers, a suc- cessful and enterprising ranchman and cattle- grower, and, like them, also deeply and intelli- gently interested in all that concerns or involves the welfare of the community in which he lives, Alfred E. Hawken is a worthy scion of a family of worthy sons, and has established himself in the respect and confidence of his fellow men by his consistent course of manhood, diligence, pub- lic spirit and integrity. He was born in Corn- wall, England, on May 16, 1874, and when he was eighteen years of age he came to the United States, with his parents and his brother, Albert, being the last of the family to leave the land of their fathers and seek a new home, far from its traditions and pleasing associations. In due time he reached Wyoming, where, for six years, he rode the range and worked on ranches, enjoy- ing the rugged pleasures and bearing the heavy burdens of this trying life with spirit and firm- ness. In September, 1898, he took up a ranch on Black's Flat near those of- his brothers, and this estate is still his home and the seat of his profitable and interesting cattle business, which, under his skillful and judicious stimulus, has widened and increased from a small beginning until it is now one of the leading cattle Industries of his section of the county. He is a young gen- tleman of broad and liberal views, who not only watches his business with sleepless vigilance and pushes it with tireless energy, but keeps al- 848 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. ways within the sweep of his vision the helpful and productive elements of the public life of the community, giving due consideration, reflective and active, to their proper concentration and guidance. He is a Republican in political belief and adherence, but not an active partisan, seek- ing rather the general weal in local affairs than any party or factional^success. The parents of these gentlemen, William and Elizabeth (Rundel) Hawken, lived long and la- bored faithfully in their native Cornwall, ex- pecting, no doubt, at the end of life to rest be- neath its hallowed soil, where the ashes of so many of their forefathers repose. But, as their fireside was bereft of one after another of their sons, and the hopes of the wanderers bloomed and fructified in the distant land to which they had taken them, the voice of the New World became louder and more urgent in its appeals to the parents, until at length they, too, yielded to its persuasions and joined their offspring on its fertile expanse, arriving in Wyoming in 1892. But seemingly the impulse that moved them was spent in the design to have them sleep among -their children when life was over; for, within a few months after his arrival, the father was laid to rest and the mother retired from the active la- bors she had been so long connected with, since making her home with her son, Charles, on his attractive ranch. JOHN P. ISHERWOOD. Tracing his ancestry back through centuries in America and England along a prominent line of representatives, who have ever made the name a synonym of honor, integrity and unwavering loyalty to established institutions, also furnishing in his own career corresponding elements of character, John P. Isherwood, of Fort Bridger, Wyoming, through his intelligence, industry, marked energy and honesty of purpose, has at- tained a prosperous station in life and the friend- ship and esteem of the large circle of friends he has acquired in his busy life. He was born on December 10, 1869, near Mason, Ingham county, Mich., a son of John L. and Polly A. (Waban) Isherwood, natives of Pennsylvania, where his paternal grandparents, Pilgrim and Rebecca (Al- ford) Isherwood, long conducted one of the old- fashioned inns for which that commonwealth was so noted. His father was for many years a pros- perous merchant in Michigan and both himself and his excellent wife are living in that state. John P. Isherwood was the sixth of their seven children, and, after a diligent attendance at the public schools, from the proficiency he there dis- played, it was decided to supplement his educa- tion by further advantages in that line and he thereafter continued his studies in the college at Franklin, Inch, for two years, then, engaging in pedagogic labors, he became a successful in- structor, soon, however, relinquishing this pro- fession for the more congenial one of merchandis- ing, in which he continued to be employed in a clerical capacity in Indiana until 1895, when he came to Wyoming and assumed a similar position in the post store at Fort Bridger until after the abandonment of the fort by the government sol- diers, when his services were retained by the Guild Mercantile Co. until 1901. In that year he engaged in farming and stockraising on the eligible ranch of 160 acres which he had previous- ly claimed from the government, and here he has developed a prosperous stock business, raising fine herds of excellent strains of cattle and ar- ranging for a further expansion of his herds as advantageous circumstances may furnish oppor- tunity. His activities have not been confined to the store and ranch, for, taking great interest in public matters, he has had much to do in civil and political relations, while, in 1900, he was in service as a most capable deputy sheriff of the county, and for one year at Fort Bridger he was in office as a justice of the peace. Mr. Isherwood married with Miss Georgianna Pearce, a daugh- ter of William A. and Mary M. (Clucas) Pearce, at Randolph, Utah, on December 29, 1898. Her father was a native of New Jersey and her mother of Missouri, both being adherents of the Church of the Latter Day Saints, and now residing on the bench near Fort Bridger, Wyo. Mrs. Isher- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 849 wood retains her membership in the church of her parents, while her husband is a Baptist in re- ligion. They have one son, John L. Isherwood, who bids fair to maintain the family record. LARS E. JOHNSON. One of the representative and successful ranchmen of Uinta county, whose home ranch is most eligibly located only one mile from the postoffice of Fort Bridger, is a citizen of foreign birth, who has surely no reason to complain of the treatment his adopted country has accorded him, and who has acquitted himself so ably in various spheres that his adopted country should surely be proud of his citizenship and grateful to the land that has furnished such valuable material toward the building up of a mighty nation. We refer to Lars E. Johnson, whose life history is eminently worthy to be recorded in this volume of the progressive men of the state. Mr. Johnson was born in Sweden on June 16, 185 1, a son of John and Christina (Larson) Anderson, and was the fourth in a family of nine children, three of whom came to the United States. His parents were farmers in Sweden, but, becoming converts to the Mormon doctrine, they came to this coun- try in 1873, settling in San Pete county, Utah, where the father died in July of the same year, the mother still living at Gunnison. Receiving his educational training in the excellent schools of Sweden and there also receiving a technical and practical knowledge of the trade of carpentry, he came to Utah in 1877 and in San Pete county followed that trade with diligence and acknowl- edged skill until he removed to Wyoming, in- 1893, and took up the land where he now resides and has developed a fine property. From that time he has carried on farming and stockraising, being prospered in his efforts and counted among the leading progressive citizens of the county. He takes much interest in all matters of public character, being elected a justice of the peace in the fall of 1900 by a very complimentary vote and by virtue of the office he is popularly entitled "judge." Mr. Johnson is actively connected with the Church of Jesus Christ of the Latter Day Saints, being one of the teachers in the Sabbath- school, one of the priesthood and one of the Seventy. In 1894 he was called to be president of his church in this locality, and held this high office until 1898. He married Miss Matilda An- derson, a daughter of Andrew and Clara (Hag- lund) Anderson, in Salt Lake City, Utah, on No- vember 5,- 1877. Of their six children, four sur- vive, Rhoda M., wife of Charles Hamilton, of Mountain View, Wyo. ; Hannah C. ; Ernest J. ; Lilly E., all useful members of society. WILLIAM WALLACE JOHNSON. Descended from long lines of Irish and Welch ancestry, who were among the pioneer settlers in Alabama, bearing their part well in the affairs of their adopted country, as their progenitors had done in the land of their nativity, William Wallace Johnson, now of Robertson, Wyoming, came into life and its duties with family traditions and records that were an inspiration to lofty en- deavor, attaining man's estate under domestic training well adapted to the development of the manly and self-reliant traits for which his race has ever been distinguished. He was born at St. Charles, Idaho, on February 5, 1867, the son of Snellen M. (popularly known as Cub) and of Re- becca (Baker) Johnson. The father was a native of Alabama, where his parents, Willis and Nancy (Greer) Johnson, of Irish and Welch origin re- spectively, were pioneers, and where they resided on a large plantation until he was seven years old, when they emigrated to Texas, rearing their family on a cotton plantation in that then young and undeveloped country. Later, while they were crossing the plains to Utah to join their religious associates in the Mormon church, Willis Johnson died of cholera ; and his widow was accidentally drowned in Twin Creek, Wyo., in 1879. Their active son, Snellen M. Johnson, was reared and educated in Texas, and there he married. After his arrival in Utah, in 1853, he became a mem- ber of the Mormon faith and married Miss Re- becca Baker, a native of Iowa, but then a resi- 8 5 o PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. dent in Utah. Her father was one of the per- sonal followers of Joseph Smith, and was at Nauvoo, Illinois, in 1846 when his sect was ex- pelled from that state, himself crossing the Mis- sississipi on horseback to save his life. In the autumn of 1879 Snellen Johnson started with his father's family to Arizona, but, on account of the hostility of the Indians they settled in Wyo- ming, taking up a homestead on Henry's Fork, in what is now Uinta county. Here they lived for several years, the father directing an enter- prise in farming and stockraising, but not being able to do much physical labor, owing to disability incurred in his military service in the Mexican War, throughout the whole of which he participated as a Texan ranger. And, while on account of this disability he received a pension from his grateful government, that was no recom- pense for his inability to take his place among the workers of the community to perform his part in actual labor towards advancing its interests. He, however, three, times bought cattle and drove them across the plains to Utah in the early and dangerous days, and thus gratified his ambition for productive effort. He died at the home of his son, Snelling, on Smith's Fork, Uinta county, Wyo., on June 10, 1890, leaving a widow, who still survives, living at Robertson. William Wal- lace Johnson was thirteen years old when his parents settled in Wyoming, where he received a limited public-school education, when he was eighteen taking up a squatter's claim on the Henry's Fork, filing on and completing his title to it when he was twenty-one. He has since greatly improved the place and made it comfort- able as a home for his mother. In 1895 he went to Idaho, spent six years working in the mines, returning to Wyoming in 1901 and purchasing 160 acres of superior land on Smith's Fork, to which he has since added eighty acres. On these tracts he has a pleasant home and conducts a profitable stock industry. Orl November 25, 1901, he married with Miss Alice May Town- scud, a native of Silver City, Idaho, and a daugh- ter (if William H. and Nellie (Scales) Townsencl, the former born in the state of Maine and the lat- ter in Ireland, from whence she came to America with her parents when she was eight years old. They are Methodists in religious affiliation, and in politics he is an ardent Democrat, giving his party good service in all its campaigns. JOHN M. RFID. One of the most prominent ranch and stock- men of Fremont county, Wyoming, is the sub- ject of this sketch, who is a native of the state of Indiana, where he was born on March 29, 1843, being the son of Daniel and Charity (Miller Reid, the former a native of Virginia, and the latter of Pennsylvania. His father followed the occu- pation of farming and was the son of William and Sarah Reid, both natives of Virginia, who removed from that state to Indiana during the pioneer days of that commonwealth. John M. Reid was the eldest of a family of five children, of whom three are still living. He received a common-school education in the public schools of Indiana and, while he was still a student, he responded to the call of his country for troops to defend the integrity of the Union, and enlisted as a member of Co. F, Eighty-seventh Indiana In- fantry. Entering the service of the United States on the nth day of August, 1862, he served act- ively for one year, when he was discharged on account of disability. During his term of ser- vice, he was engaged in several skirmishes and battles and saw much of the hard side of active army life. After leaving the army he remained at home for a short time, until he had recuper- ated his health, when on February 20. 1864, he set out to seek his fortune in the far West. Se- curing employment with an overland train as the driver of an ox team, he crossed the plains to the city of Denver, and from there proceeded to the newly discovered placer mines in Alder Gulch, Mont. He arrived at Virginia City, in that territory, on July 14, 1864. and there en- gaged in placer mining for about two years with greatly varying success. At the end of that time he gave up mining, and began to work at blacksmithing, which he continued until 1868. He then left Virginia City and came to South PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 851 Pass, Wyo., and continued in the same occupation for four more years. He then embarked in a freighting- and transporting business, which he followed until 1873. He then located the ranch where he now resides and in 1876 moved there and engaged in ranching and stockraising. This business has engaged his energies continuously since that time and he has met with marked suc- cess in the growing of both cattle and horses. He is the owner of a fine herd of graded Dur- ham cattle, and is one of the most prosperous and substantial stockmen in his section of the state. In addition to his stock interests, he is the proprietor of a roadranch and hotel, and con- ducts successful operations in that line. His ranch, comprising about 600 acres of land, is one of the finest and best improved in western Wyo- ming. On December 27, 1888, Mr. Reid was united in marriage with Mrs. Lucy A. Barker, a daughter of James and Susan (Palmer) Daw- son, natives of Virginia and prominent citizens of that state. The home of Mr. and Mrs. Reid is one widely known for the genial and gener- ous hospitality which is there dispensed, and they are highly esteemed by a large circle of friends and acquaintances. He is a public spirited and progressive man, whose thrift, industry and en- terprise have been important factors in develop- ing the resources of Fremont county. JAMES T. JONES. Born arid reared in the new and progressive West, being the son of one of the earliest pio- neer families, James T. Jones, now a prominent stockraise/r, whose home and herds are located twenty miles north of Kemmerer, Wyoming, has all of his/ life been in touch with the primeval condition.'s connected with the advance of civili- zation arid the development of that great indus- trial source of this country's wealth, and may fittingly jbe called a truly progressive man. He was born in 1872, in Sanpete county, Utah, the son of Jacob and Emma (Cox) Jones. The Jones family is of Welch extraction, but many years hiave now passed since the first American ancestors of this branch crossed the Atlantic to 53 become an integral portion of the western life. James N. Jones, who was born in Indiana, was a man of mature years in 1847, engaged in agri- cultural pursuits in the rich state of Iowa; but, being also a man of an investigating turn of mind and possessed of great ability, he became a convert to the Mormon faith and was in the advance guard of one of the greatest migrations of a people ever known to history, coming, with his wife, Edith (Piles) Jones, on the wearisome and dangerous journey across the plains in 1847, arriving, however, safely in. Utah, where they be- came prominent farmers, Mr. Jones filling the exalted station of bishop in his church for over thirty years. His death occurred in 1868, at the age of sixty-eight years, being survived by. his wife for only four years, when she passed from earth, having attained an advanced age. Jacob Jones was born in Iowa in 1839 an( ^ so was Du * a "lad of nine years when the family crossed the plains. He was early in touch with the life of the wild West, became familiar with various of the Indian tribes, and, on attaining his manhood he was of great service to the U. S. government as a most capable and trusted Indian scout and interpreter, meeting with many strange and thrill- ing experiences. He was a stanch Democrat in political creed, prominent in his party, and he is now a robust man at the age of seventy years, passing the evening of his life in his pleasant home in Utah, cheered and comforted by his faithful wife, Emma (Cox) Jones, who has at- tained her sixty-third year. She was born in Iowa, the daughter of Jay and Martha (Cook) (Cox), her paternal grandfather being also Jay Cox, a native of Shoreham, Vermont. The Cox family was also among the early Mormon set- tlers of Utah, arriving there in 1848, where thev engaged in farming, and the father became of great influence in the church as a member of the Council for nearly a quarter of a century, his death occurring at the patriarchal age of ninety- five years in 1893. His wife had preceded him to the Silent Land, dying at the age of eighty-eight in 1 89 1. James T. Jones early began the labors of life for himself, and, from being a herder of PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. sheep in his boyhood, he steadily became familiar with all the varying phases of industrial activity conducted in the Wes + , sheepraising, mining and range-riding, ranching and the care of cattle, gaining an important and practical knowledge of the details of each branch of industry with which he was connected, showing great adapta- bility and capability in his successful operations. With the opening year of the twentieth century, he purchased his commodious and eligibly located ranch, twenty miles north of Kemmerer, where he now resides, conducting his cattleraising op- erations with discrimination and care, being greatly prospered in his undertakings. In May 1900, occurred his marriage with Miss Daisy Robinson, a daughter of Arthur Robinson, and for her family history we refer the reader to the sketch of her father elsewhere in this volume. Mr. and Mrs. Jones have a daughter, Mildred. RILEY KANE. Beginning when he was but twelve years old, a career of trial and triumph, which embraces all phases of human experience in the remoter West, • and every known feature of pioneer life, and, since that time, depending wholly on his own re- sources and endeavors for advancement, in ev- ery condition and under all circumstances, Riley Kane, a prominent farmer and stockgrower on Shell Creek, in Bighorn county, Wyoming, pre- sents in the story of his life an interesting theme to which neither tragedy nor poetry is wanting. His native state is Pennsylvania, where he was born in July, 1827. His parents were Israel and Ruth (Carter) Kane, who were native to and reared in Massachusetts. Both the circumstances of the family and his own resolute and unyielding self-reliance made him eager at an early age to make his own living and to do this in a new coun- try among people unknown to him. Accordingly, in 1839, soon after he had passed the twelfth an- niversary of his birth, he made his way to Illinois, where he lived for fifteen years, a portion of the time in Chicago. During his residence in this great western metropolis, which rose almost like an exhalation from the ground and whose growth and progress surpass in actual facts almost the wildest dream of an Arabian tale, he was offered eighty acres of the land, now covered by the Union stockyards of the city, for the sum of $200. His dreams of dominion were, however, to be realized much farther along in the wake of the setting sun, and, soon after fortune thus knocked at his humble door, he moved to Wisconsin, and, a little later, to California, where he engaged in mining. He followed this pursuit at Yreka for seven years and then spent some time at the mines of Florence, Idaho. From there he proceeded to Canyon, in that state, and, not long after, in com- pany with nine other men, he discovered the rich deposits at Silver City. For four years he lived and worked in that region, then, tiring of mining and its uncertainties, he took up land near Cald- well, Idaho, and, during the next ten years, there followed the peaceful vocation of a farmer and stockgrower. At the end of the time named, he sold his ranch and moved to the Black Hills of South Dakota, where he remained until 1880, when he led a party of settlers into the Bighorn basin of Wyoming, these peopje being the first to locate in that prolific and highly favored sec- tion of the state. They pitched their tents near where Mr. Kane now lives, camping' there during the winter. In 1881, they formed a better settle- ment on Shell Creek, and, for a number of years, they were there engaged in hunting and trapping. Four years Mr. Kane passed in the employ of H. C. Lovell, in his extensive cattle business, and, four years subsequent to these in Montana in a similar enterprise. He then returnee} to Wyo- ming, bought the ranch of 160 acres of 1 fine land, which he now owns and occupies on Shell Creek, and, since that time, he has devoted hinnself sed- ulously to the production and handling! of high- grade cattle in large numbers. He has prospered in his business, has grown strong in the esteem and confidence of his fellow men, giving freely of time and energy to all that conduces to : the ad- vancement of the community, and leading its thought always along the line of healthy develop- ment. He is a loyal and devoted Free'mason, PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 853 and, for many years, he has taken great interest in the affairs of the order. In the early days of his life in the West he saw much of Indian treach- ery and cruelty, being often engaged in deadly conflict with the savages, braving every peril of their cruel warfare without hesitation, by his skill and courage escaping unharmed from a mul- titude of dangers. JOHN KASTNER. Among the many American citizens of foreign birth, whose industry and energy have contrib- uted so much to the development and the up- building of the great West along material and in- dustrial lines, the subject of this review is worthy of a becoming notice. John Kastner is a native of Austria, one of two children born to Samuel and Josephine (Bluemel) Kastner, both parents being of Austrian birth. Samuel Kastner was an honest, industrious tiller of the soil who followed that honorable calling all of his life near the city of Koncigraty. Among his more striking char- acteristics were a loyalty to his native land, a warm and abiding love for his family and home, and a quiet, but genial disposition, which won the profound respect and the confidence of his neighbors and friends. He was a good man, who always did as he would have been done by, and, his death, which occurred in 1861, was great- ly deplored and sincerely mourned by the people of his community. Mrs. Kastner was a fit com- panion for her husband; she possessed a beau- tiful character, performed many kindly acts of charity and benevolence among the deserving poor, and the record of a well-spent life closed when she was called to the other world, in 1878, at the age of fifty-six years. John Kastner was born in 1854 and received his educational train- ing in the public schools of his native land. As soon as old enough, he entered upon an appren- ticeship to learn shoemaking and, after becoming an efficient workman, found ample opportunity for the exercise of his skill in various establish- ments. He worked at his trade in Austria un- til he was about twenty-seven years of age, when he desired to try his fortune in the United States, a country to which a number of his friends and acquaintances had previously emigrated. Ar- ranging his affairs with this end in view, he fin- ally found himself in a situation to carry his in- tention into effect, in 1881, and in due time he reached the New World where a new career and a new destiny awaited him. Immediately after landing in America Mr. Kastner proceeded to Cedar Rock, Iowa, where he worked for a limited period, going thence to the city of Creston, in the same state, where he followed his trade with satisfactory success during the ensuing four years. Longing to look again upon the familiar scenes of home and childhood, he then closed his shop and returned to his native country, there spending six months in renewing acquaintances and revisiting the places endeared to him by early association. Returning to the United States Mr. Kastner resumed his trade at Creston, but, after spending a short time there, he decided to turn his attention to agricultural pursuits. With this object in view, he went to Kansas, but, farming not being to his taste, he soon returned to the bench and last, finding, as he supposed, a favor- able opening in Trinidad, Colo., to which place he went from the above state. After spending seven years in Trinidad, he changed his residence to Rock Springs, Wyo., where he has since been actively engaged in the prosecution of his chosen calling. Like his father before him, Mr. Kast- ner's life has been marked by great industry and wisely directed energy. As a result of his close and steady application, he is now financially sit- uated so as to take things more easily than here- tofore, and get from the world the greatest amount of pleasure obtainable. He is a fine workman and the product of his shop has always commanded the highest price and given the high- est degree of satisfaction. He does a large and lucrative business, employs several assistants, ac- cording to the demands of the trade, and his cus- tom is continually increasing in magnitude. Per- sonally, Mr. Kastner is an amiable gentleman, having fine social qualities, and he possesses many sterling characteristics. By an upright and 854 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. gentlemanly course of conduct, he has shown himself worthy the high measure of esteem in which he is held by his fellow citizens. He takes an active interest in all that pertains to the good of the community, has unbounded faith in the future growth and prosperity of Rock Springs, and, in all probability, will make the place his permanent place of residence. He belongs to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and endeav- ors to make his life measure up to that high standard of excellence which the fraternity ex- pects of its members. He is a striking example of the successful self-made man, deserving also great credit for the position he has attained. FREDERICK KENAST. The subject of this sketch is a native of Ger- many, who, while entertaining fond recollections and tender remembrances of the Fatherland, is none the less a true and loyal citizen of his adopt- ed country, and an admirer and observer of its laws and customs. He was born on March 12, 1841, the son of Godfrey and Christina 'Kenast, both parents having spent their entire lives in their native land. Frederick was reared on a farm, his father having been a tiller of the soil, and, until the age of fourteen, he remained at home, attending, in the meantime, the public schools near the place of his birth. He grew up imbued with a strong spirit of self-reliance, which was strikingly exemplified in his fourteenth year, when he left the parental roof to make his own way in the world. For some years thereafter he worked in various parts of Germany as a farm hand, and, by industry and thrift, succeeded in laying aside a respectable sum of money, hav- ing the object in view of ultimately going to America. Convinced that he could better his conditions in the United States, Mr. Kenast la- bored for a number of years to arrange for his emigration, but it was not until 1891 that he was enabled to carry out his long standing desire. In that year he brought his family to the New World, and, proceeding direct to Wyoming, took up his present place on the Platte River, west of Fort Laramie and engaged in stockraising. Ani- mated by a determination to succeed, he ad- dressed himself energetically to his undertaking, and, in due time, his industry was crowned with a large measure of success. He remained where he originally settled until 1895, when he moved to the ranch on the Rawhide, where he now lives, although he is still owning his former place, us- ing them both in his business. At the present time he is running on the latter a large herd of cattle in prime condition, also a number of horses, although he does not raise these animals on an extensive scale. Mr. Kenast has displayed com- mendable zeal in the prosecution of his business, as is attested by the prosperous condition of the two ranches in his possession, and also by the large number of cattle he raises and markets. He has done well since coming to this country, providing liberally for his family and here mak- ing a home, which it would have been impossible to secure under such conditions as obtain in the land of his birth. He attends strictly to his own affairs, belonging to that large and eminently respectable class of people, who make their presence felt by actions rather than by words. He is a man of domestic tastes, a great lover of home and family, devoted in his attachments and friendships. The people of his community hold him in esteem and he has shown himself worthy of this mark of confidence and regard. Mr. Kenast was married in his native country on November 11, 1866, to Miss Wilhelmina Bor- man, daughter of Christian and Christina Bor- man, the union having these children : Minnie, Annie, Emma, Gussie, Rena, Mary and Otto. ANDREW A. KERSHNER. For more than sixteen years a resident of Wyoming, having passed all of his mature life among her people, during the whole of the time actively engaged in promoting her industries and developing her resources, Andrew A. Kersh- ner is justly entitled to honorable mention in any recital of the undertakings and achievements of the progressive men of this young, enterprising PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 85; and rapidly growing commonwealth. He was born in Illinois in 1867, the son of George W. and Cynthelia Kershner, the former a native of Illinois and the latter of Ohio. In 1882 they removed to Kansas, five years later to Wyoming, settling in the Bighorn basin. For seven years . after his arrival in the state, Mr. Kershner worked for H. C. Lovell in his large cattle busi- ness, and then located. on his present ranch and actively engaged in the stock business on his own account. His ranch comprises t6o acres of ex- cellent land, well located on Shell Creek, and he has a herd of 100 superior cattle which are handled with intelligent care and attention, no effort being omitted to improve the breed and keep the standard high. Mr. Kershner is a member of the Modern Woodmen of America and renders the order continued and valuable service. He was married in 1894 to Miss Wini- fred Fenton, a native of Illinois. They have four children, Fannie, Fletcher, Fred and an in- fant. Since settling on the creek Mr. Kershner has given close and careful attention to the de- velopment and improvement of the section, and has been recognized as a potent element in all enterprises inaugurated for the general good. He is public spirited and far-seeing, and sup- ports any public interest with the same zeal he exhibits in his private business. WILLIAM H. KENNINGTON. The life story of this prominent citizen and progressive farmer and stockgrower of Uinta county is full of the tragic element, and, if nar- rated in detail, it would make a thrilling recital. It embodies the hazard of the deep for more than five weeks on a sailing vessel when he was but a youth, a long and tiresome journey on foot across the great American plains, with its at- tendant horrors of threatened Indian cruelty, the dangers of attack by wild beasts, hunger, thirst and inclement weather, war to the knife, and the knife to the hilt, against ferocious and relent- less savages, the continual struggle against ad- verse circumstances and conditions of difficulty and the peril experienced in reducing a wild country to subjection, the supreme joy of final triumph over every obstacle and a serene and stable peace after arduous and long continued trial. Unhappily the limits of this article per- mit only the bare narration of the salient facts sufficient to make up a consecutive account. Mr. Kennington was born on August 7, 1842, in England, where his forefathers lived for two or three generations, having emigrated to that coun- try from Prussia. His parents were Richard and Mary (Davidson) Kennington, who came with their young family to the United States in 1856 and settled in Utah. The father was a professional gardener in England, and in this country became a farmer on a larger scale, fol- lowing that industry until his death in 1879. The family consisted of thirteen children, seven of whom died in infancy. William had but limited opportunities to attend school, and gained his education mostly in the world of work and effort. When he was fourteen years old the family left their native land, and, after a tempestuous and uncertain voyage of five weeks and three days, landed on the shore of America, only to find be- fore them a journey as hazardous, far more try- ing, and of almost equal length, across the coun- try to their final destination near the new metrop- olis of the Latter Day Saints in Utah. A por- tion, less than half, of the distance could be trav- eled in railroad coaches, but from Iowa City, Iowa, the young lad walked every foot of the way, in company with an older sister drawing a handcart containing supplies. When they ar- rived , in Utah he went to .work on a farm and was there engaged in that line of industry until 1870, when he removed to the Bear Lake coun- try of Idaho. There he passed sixteen years in successful farming and stockgrowing, and, in 1886, came to Wyoming, locating in what is now Uinta county, on the farm since his home and which he has made a cultivated domain of value and attractiveness. It is mainly devoted to the raising of cattle and yields abundant sup- plies for their maintenance in addition to the usual crops of bread stuffs and vegetables for the 856 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. support of the family. Being among the earlier arrivals in this valley and equipped by nature and experience for direction in public affairs, he has filled various offices of trust and responsi- bility. He has been town clerk, recorder in the church councils for the last ten years or more, and for the past four years he has been a U. S. commissioner for the district. He served in the Utah militia for a period of time and saw active and trying service in many Indian out- breaks. On April i, 1865, at Salt Lake City, he married with Miss Annie R. Seward, a native of England and a daughter of George and Esther (Frewin) Seward, also natives of that country. Her father died there when she was fifteen months old, and her mother brought the family to Utah in 1863. Seven children have brightened the home of Mr. and Mrs. Kennington, all but two of whom are living. They are : Annie E., who died in Idaho, aged thirty-one, then being the wife of Samuel Matthews, and leaving five children, one of whom, Esther S., has been reared by her grandparents; Mary C, who died in Utah in infancy; William H, Jr., married and living in the lower Star Valley; Mary A., mar- ried to Osborne Low of Star Valley; Alonzo, married and living at Fairview ; George ; Ida E., now wife of Adolph Jensen of Afton; Albert, living at home. All are prosperous and respect- ed, worthy followers of the example of thrift and integrity they have had presented to them by their industrious parents. EMERSON H. KIMBALL. Emerson H. Kimball is a representative of our best type of American manhood, descending from New England families of strong character and patriotism, his paternal ancestors being numbered among the earliest settlers of the Massachusetts colony, the same progress and patriotism charac- teristic of them being the fundamental principles of his character, as, throughout his life, he has labored for the improvement of all of the mani- fold public and private interests with which he has been connected, as a loyal son of his country, following her flag on many a Southern battlefield of the Civil War, everywhere, and at all times being actuated by fidelity to his country and his state. As a forceful factor in the development of Wyoming, in public office, in journalism and in her industrial activities, due recognition must be made of his services in this memorial volume. On April 10, 1634, embarked for America at Ipswich, County Suffolk, England, two brothers, Richard and Henry Kimball, the former of them bringing his family. These brothers were the an- cestors of nearly all persons bearing the name of Kimball in the United States, and duly arrived in Boston, later making a permanent home in Water- town, being men of property and standing. Rich- ard was the progenitor of E. H. Kimball, and, for 200 years the family resided in New England, furnishing gallant soldiers in every war afflicting the country, from the affray at Bloody Brook, where Caleb Kimball was killed, down through the Revolution and other wars to the Great Civil War, in which E. H. Kimball, of this review, was by no means the only son of the family to give his service. Mr. Kimball was born in Sandwich, Carroll county, N. H., on October 21, 1842, the son of James J. and Mary A. (Caverly) Kimball,' who were born at Dover, N. H„ the father's line- age running back through Jesse, Ephraim, Eph- raim, Nehemiah, Ephraim and Richard, to Rich- ard, the emigrant. The parental grandfather re- moved to Hiram, Maine, about 1820, and his son, James J., going to Sandwich, N. H., soon made that intellectual town his residence, becom- ing a member of the family of his uncle, Samuel, who was a stonemason, and, as a contractor, built many of the immense mills of Manchester, N. H., notably the Atlantic and the Pacific, thereafter being largely interested in the construction of the Fitchburg Railroad, the first railroad of Massa- chusetts, later passing a retired life on his Sand- wich farm. After an academic education at the Sandwich Academy. Mr. E. H. Kimball engaged in pedagogic labors at Hiram, Maine, until after the opening of the Civil War. when, on January 13, 1862. he enlisted in Co. G. Thirteenth Maine Infantry, under the distinguished Xeal Dow as PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 857 colonel, and thereafter accompanied his regiment in its arduous services under Generals Butler and Banks in the lower Mississippi region, in the Texas and Red River campaigns, being also at Forts Jackson and Phillips on garrison duty, on provost duty at New Orleans, thence proceeding to Fortress Monroe and Washington, and joining Sheridan in the West Virginia campaigns, ex- periencing to the full the dangers of a soldier', life "through field and flood," and being mustered out as a corporal on January 25, 1865. Marrying on April 18, 1865, in Sandwich, his old school- mate, Miss Lizzie M. Smith, Mr. Kimball en- gaged in farming for four years, thence remov- ing to Audubon county, Iowa, there continuing his agricultural operations, deflecting therefrom, however, long enough to serve as principal of the schools at Glidden,in Carroll county, for three terms, during which time he read law and was admitted to the bar at Carroll, Iowa, thereafter being elected recorder, and removing his resi- dence to Exira, the county seat of Audubon coun- tv, and, after his two years' service in that office, becoming the principal of the Exira schools, then the proprietor of the Audubon County Defender, a weekly newspaper, conducting it for three years, thereafter being the postmaster at Guthrie for one year, then resigning the office and removing to the new town of Audubon and establishing, first, the Audubon Advocate, and, later, the Au- dubon Times, publishing the Times for four years and also being commissioned postmaster of the town. Leaving Mrs. Kimball to act as postmis- tress, he went to the National capital and was lo- cated there for two years, being the correspondent for a syndicate of many leading newspapers, in 1886, coming to Wyoming, where he established the Rowdy West newspaper at Fort Fetterman, which he conducted there until the creation of the towm of Douglas, when he removed the office to that city, after one year leaving its management to his son, and devoting himself to his present occupation of stockraising, his base of operations being at Box Elder Park. In association with his son, James E., Mr. Kimball owns 1,600 acres of land, partially irrigated from a large ditch, run- ning a band of sheep and usually herds of cattle and horses, the bands and herds being impressive in size and character, and having at this writing, as fine a band of young Shorthorn cattle as can be shown in the state, their sires being thorough- breds. The ranch ' is finely improved and well arranged for stockraising purposes, Mr. Kimball leaving the entire management of the place to his son, who is thoroughly competent. The Wyo- ming State Fair Association, recently organized, was, in a great measure, created by the active and intelligent labors of Mr. Kimball, appreciation of this fact being shown by its members in their election of him to hold the presidency, of which office he is the present incumbent, while he is also secretary of the Glenrock Woolgrowers' As- sociation. During the invasion times, commenc- ing with 1892, Mr. Kimball served as an efficient under sheriff for three years, while, for two years of this time, he was publishing The Graph- ic at Douglas, being also interested in The Der- rick for a time. He has always maintained great interest in Grand Army of the Republic matters, and has attended several of its National encamp- ments. He was ''made a Mason" in Iowa in 1872, has filled all of the offices of his lodge, and attained to the Knights Templar degree. He is also an Odd Fellow. During his residence at Casper, Wyo., he was for two years a District Court commissioner, and the offices of justice of the peace and notary public have been long in his keeping. Mr. Kimball now maintains his home in Glenrock, where, under the supervision of his most capable wife, his commodious resi- dence is utilized as a private hotel, a store being also kept in connection therewith. Here he is passing the time, ever active in some plan for the benefit of the public, with great interest in the political conditions of the country as an unswerv- ing Democrat, frequently, however, refusing nom- inations for positions of trust and responsibility. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Kimball are Wil- son S. (see sketch elsewhere in this volume), Edna J., wife of Charles H. Rollins, manager of the American Tobacco Co. for Iowa, having his headquarters at Des Moines ; Lizzie H, now 8 5 8 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. ' Mrs. Jasper D. Sumner, of Glenrock ; James E., associated with his father in the stock industry and manager of their ranch ; Emma L., Mrs. J. L. Slaughter ; Mary E. ; Allen R. SAMUEL KISE. Prominent and highly esteemed in the section of country which his labors and his influence have blessed and helped to beautify, into which he came while it was yet largely in the dominion of the savage, Samuel Kise, of Horton, Wyoming, furnishes a theme of unusual interest to the biog- rapher. His life began on December 13, 1838, at Marion, Ohio, where his parents, Fred and Eliza- beth (Boyer) Kise, were prosperous farmers, having come there from their native Pennsyl- vania. There they grew to maturity and were married. There also the father learned his trade of stonemason, at which he labored before their removal to what was then the far West, Ohio, where he also worked at his trade in connection with his farming. Their son, Samuel, remained at home, attending school and working on the farm, until the beginning of the Civil War. In April, 1861, he enlisted as a volunteer in Co. K, Fourth Ohio Infantry, and confronted a gallant and determined foe on many a hard-fought field, until, in 1863, when, having become disabled for active service, through sickness, he was honora- bly discharged. He returned to his Ohio home and promptly exchanged the bayonet for the plowshare, and the field of carnage for one glint- ing with the sheen of a harvest of golden grain. In the spring of 1872 he went to California, in the autumn of that year to Nevada, locating a mile and a half from Carson City, on a ranch, which he purchased, and devoted to the produc- tion of garden truck, which was then a very profitable commodity in the neighborhood. His success in this business was rapid and substan- tial, but after six years of great prosperity in it, lie sold his ranch and removed to Omaha. There, purchasing the Germania Hotel property, he em- harked in business as a boniface, with excellent prospects of success, only to find, after he had invested all his savings in the venture, that the title to the property was defective, and that he had lost his whole estate. In the spring of 1879 he went to work at anything that offered in the Black Hills, so continued to labor for a year, then took up a ranch north of Deadwood, where for a few years he was very prosperous in the re- sults of his farming operations. Then came a succession of dry seasons and crop failures, and, in 1887, he sold the farm and all appurtenances, in 1888 coming to Wyoming, where his son, Frank E. Kise, took up the land which Mr. Kise now owns, on Canyon Springs prairie. The fam- ily settled on this ranch, which Mr. Kise pur- chased from his son, and began improving it and reducing it to systematic fruitfulness, and, later, Mr. Kise bought a quarter-section adjoining it, which gives him now an estate of 320 acres. A considerable portion of this is under irrigation with water from its own springs, while his skill and intelligent application of the best principles of husbandry have made it an ideal farm, one of the best, as it was one of the first farms placed under cultivation in this section of the state. It is well improved, with a comfortable cottage resi- dence, g'ood barns, corrals and sheds, a large amount of fencing and other desirable accessories. The home is a veritable caravansary for an ap- preciative circle of friends, and has, as well, at all times a hospitable welcome for the passing stranger. In Marion county, Ohio, on April 24, 1 861, was consummated for life a union, which had begun by an appreciative acquaintance in childhood, the marriage of Mr. Kise with Miss Sarah Hoover, who was reared on the farm ad- joining his father's, she being a playmate almost ■ from infancy, they attending the same school through their childhood and youth, brightening the same social circles in the roseate period of youth. On the day after his marriage he en- listed as a soldier for the Civil War, and was thus separated for the first time from the lady whose devoted loyalty has blessed his home through all the trying times of adversity, and mellowed the radiance of its brightest prosperity. Her parents were Christopher and Christiana (Boyer) Hoover. PROGRESSIVE MEN OF. WYOMING. 859 well-to-do farmers in Marion county, Ohio. The only child of the Kise household is a son, Frank E. Kise, now a substantial farmer and stockman. who is following the lines of his father's indus- tries, being well esteemed throughout the section where he is known. Mr. Kise in politics is an ardent and uncompromising Republican. He be- gan his citizenship with the first success of his party, casting his maiden vote for Lincoln for president, and has never wavered in his loyalty to its principles and policies. His influence on the public life of his locality has been healthful and serviceable, through its intelligent and con- scientious exercise for the welfare and advance- ment of the community, he has gained a high and secure place in the regard of his fellow men. JAMES R. KINNEY. James R. Kinney, an enterprising and suc- cessful stockgrower and farmer in the Sage Creek basin, his headquarters being not far from Mee- teetse, has been something of a wanderer in his time, and he has seen many parts of our land of extended latitude, multitudinous productions and wide climatic variety, his birth occurring in Wis- consin, on January 4, 1850. Reared and edu- cated in his native state, in 1875 he went to Los Angeles, California, where he remained three years, engaged in farming. From there he made a mining tour through Arizona and Mexico, stop- ping at various places and working in the mines with differing degrees of success. Six years were passed in this expedition, and, in 1884, he re- turned to California, soon thereafter going on a visit to his old home in Wisconsin. In 1887 he came to Wyoming, and for some time was en- gaged in lumbering in the employ of D. Weller, after which he followed range-riding until 1891, when he took up his residence on the ranch which he now owns and occupies, and which has been his home continuously since that time. It is eli- gibly located in the Sage Creek basin, comprising 160 acres, being also well improved and carefully cultivated. Here he runs at least 100 head of cattle of good blood, and carries on a general farming industry of considerable magnitude. In 1900 he was elected as justice of the peace, and, when the town of Meeteetse was incorporated, he was made police justice, in which position he ren- dered acceptable and appreciated service until 1892, when he resigned. An enterprising and public spirited citizen, he takes great interest in the Masonic lodge, of which he has long been a member, and in other organizations of a social nature, giving the community the benefit of his best energies in all its efforts for advancement. ALFRED KNOBS. In a work designed to present to the public an account of the lives, achievements and aspira- tions of the progressive men of Wyoming, all, whose energy, public spirit and usefulness have stamped them as being among the forceful and productive factors in the development and civil- ization of the state, are entitled to due consider- ation and a mention. Among this number. Alfred Knobs, of Crook county, one of the prominent and enterprising ranchmen and stockraisers on Houston Creek, Wyoming, and also a successful prospector and miner, has an honored place. It was Switzerland, the land of William Tell and Arnold Winkleried, which gave him birth, on July 29, i860, and in that land of liberty his an- cestors had dwelt and flourished for centuries. His parents were Frederick and Mary (Heuber- ger) Knobs, the father being a skillful tanner, passing an uneventful life in faithful devotion to his craft and to the welfare of his country. Alfred Knobs was educated in his native land, and, when he reached the age of twenty years, in company with an older brother, he came to America. Reaching St. Paul without incident worthy of special mention, he there remained, working at various occupations for a year, then went to Montana, and, entering into the spirit of the wild country around him, engaged in hunt- ing and trapping, seeking bears and buffalo, beavers and mink, big game and small, for nine months in different parts of the territory. In the fall of 1882 he went to the Black Hills, locat- 86o PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. ing at Deadwood, and passed a year working at the trade of tanning, which he had learned . in Switzerland. In the summer of 1883 he came to Wyoming, and, finding congenial employment in what is now Crook county, he rode the range and worked on ranches for a year in that section, and then took up land on Houston Creek, six miles west of Sundance, being the first settler in that region, finding for companionship there but one lone man. During the first five years, after proving up on his claim, he spent considerable time in prospecting in the Black Hills, then set- tled permanently on his land and engaged in cat- tleraising, stocking his broad acres with superior herds, improving them with good buildings, mak- ing them fertile by careful cultivation, proving himself in every way a progressive and enterpris- ing man, with ambition for the best results in his work and looking ever to the permanent good of the community in all the elements of his pub- lic life. During the winter months of every year he still engages in prospecting, and he now has a number of valuable mining claims in the Bear Lodge Mountains, a section rich in the promise of copper and gold. In politics he is an unwaver- ing Democrat, in no sense, however, an office- seeker or active partisan, finding plenty in his business to occupy his time, looking- to the gen- eral good in civil affairs, rather than to the suc- cess of any particular party or class of men. H. L. KUYKENDALL. ( )ne of the energetic young men of Wyoming, who are building up the industries of the state, and are successful in the handling of large enter- prises, is H. L. Kuykendall. He is a native of Mississippi, born in Platte City, in that state, on July 20, 1863, son of W. L. and Eliza (Mont- gomery ) Kuykendall, the former a native of Ken- tucky, and the latter of Virginia. The father had removed his residence from his native state to Mississippi in the early fifties of the nineteenth century, and continued to reside there up to the time of the opening of the great Civil War. His sympathies were with the Southern cause and with the people among whom he had been reared, so he answered to the call of his state, and en- listed as a member of the Confederate army. He received a commission as a captain in a Mis- sissippi regiment, and served during the entire war. At the termination of the protracted strug- gle, he engaged in contracting, being employed in the construction of several of the frontier mili- tary posts of the West. He was a pioneer at Cus- ter City and also at the city of Deadwood, Dakota. Shortly afterward, he located in the city of Chey- enne, Wyo., as one of the earliest settlers, remov- ing his family to that place as early as 1866. Here he purchased a large ranch in the vicinity of Cheyenne, engaged in ranching and livestock raising, and resided there until 1891. For many years he was active in the business and public life of that section, and was elected as the first pro- bate judge of the county of Laramie while resid- ing at the city of Cheyenne. He occupied that responsible position for eight years, discharging the duties of the office with ability and with fidelity to the trust reposed in him by the people. He was also active in the fraternal life of that city and of the territory, and was grand secretary of the Masonic order for the territory and the territorial organizer of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. In 1881, he purchased the Chap- man ranch, on Spring Creek, Wyo., south of Saratoga, and, in 1884, organized a joint stock company, and engaged extensively in the live stock business at that place. The company is now the owner of several thousand acres of land, and has very large cattle and other interests in that vicinity and elsewhere in the state. For many years the father has been one of the lead- ing and representative business men of first, the territory, and, later, the state, and he was one of the pioneers of this portion of the western country. He has contributed his full share in the building up -of the state and in bringing set- tlement and civilization to the wilderness and to the barren plains of Wyoming. The subject of this sketch grew to man's estate in the territory of Wyoming, and acquired his elementary educa- tion i-n the public schools of the citv of Chevenne. PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 861 After completing his preparatory course, he ma- triculated at Racine College, at Racine, Wis., one of the leading educational institutions of the West, and there pursued a course of collegiate study. He was graduated as a member of the class of '83, returned to Wyoming, accepted a position as manager of the Wisconsin & Wyo- ming Land & Cattle Co., succeeding his brother, J. M. Kuykendall, in that position. The latter had removed to Denver, and purchased the prop- erty of the Denver Omnibus & Cab Co., and be- came the manager' of that extensive business. Shortly afterward, H. L. Kuykendall resigned his position with the Wisconsin & Wyoming Land & Cattle Co., and, going to Denver, became asso- ciated with his brother in the ownership of the omnibus and cab company, and remained there, carrying on that business with great success for eight years. In 1892, he accepted the position of general manager of the interests of the Colum- bia Coach Co. at' the World's Industrial Exposi- tion at Chicago, and during the time of the World's Fair conducted the business of that com- pany with ability and success. After that season had closed he went to Cripple Creek, Colo., and purchased a number of stage lines making con- nections with various railroad points, and with the city of Colorado Springs. He continued in this transportation enterprise about three years, and was very successful, operating extensively, and having at one time 500 horses employed on his several lines. In the fall of 1896, he dis- posed of this business and removed to Hartville, Wyo.. where he opened the extensive iron mines, which he and his associates have since operated. In the spring of' 1897, he located at Saratoga, AVyo., and there engaged in freighting. He also purchased a ranch, and engaged in the pursuit of cattleraising. In 1901, he organized an irriga- tion company, for the purpose of constructing a large canal fifty miles in length, which would ir- rigate not less than one hundred thousand acres of land. For this great enterprise he purchased 26,000 acres, and is sure to carry it through to success. It will be of the greatest benefit to that section of the state. The canal starts at the junction of Brush Creek with the Platte River, and will water some of the most productive land ill Wyoming. In 1902, he purchased the Haines ranch, adjoining the townsite of Saratoga, con- sisting of about 7,000 acres of land, on which to enter more extensively into the cattle business. He is also largely interested in mining, having between thirty and thirty-five promising claims, in the Battle Lake and Encampment districts, which give promise of becoming very valuable properties. Mr. Kuykendall is a man of abil- ity and indomitable energy, progressive and en- terprising, invariably successful in his business undertakings. He is one of the rising business men' of Wyoming, and is doing much to develop the resources of his section of the state, and it is such men whose energy is building up the west- ern country in grandeur and in strength. LEOPOLD KRAUSS. Leopold Krauss, a well-known and highly trusted engineer of the Union Pacific Railroad, running between Evanstdn, Wyoming, and Og- den, Utah, in the latter of which places is his residence, is a native of Avon, Ohio, where he was born in 1858, the son of Peter and Anna Marie (Myers) Krauss. The father was born at Navel, France, in 1820. He came to the United State at fourteen, settling in Ohio. He engaged in farming, about six miles west of Dover, Ohio, where he continued until 1861, when he enlisted in the Twenty-eighth Ohio Cavalry and died of pneumonia while his regiment was in camp at Cleveland. He is buried at Avon, Ohio. His father', another Peter, paternal grandfather of Leopold, followed the young Peter to America,, and engaged in farming near Cleveland. He died in 1873, an< l i s a ^ so buried at Avon. His wife was Kate Backer. She died in 1864, aged sixty- two years. His father, the great-grandfather of Leopold, was mayor of Navel, France, and his wife was Madeline Cuffler. Their remains rest in the province of Lorraine. Annie Marie Myers, mother of Leopold Krauss, was born in Bavaria, Germany, on November 9, 1824. She came to 862 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. Rockport, Ohio, with her parents, Nicholas and Maria (Baker) Myers, in 1842. Miss Myers be- came Mrs. Krauss in Cleveland, Ohio. She died on October 16, 1891, and lies buried at Sheffield, Ohio. She was a devout Catholic, who devoted her life to her home and family. Her father, Nicholas Myers, passed the most of his life in France, where, at one time, he was a trusted lieu- tenant under Napoleon. His trade was that of a cabinetmaker, and his later years were spent in labor at it in Ohio. He passed away from life at Rockport in that state, where his wife died in 1865, being buried at Avon. Leopold Krauss re- ceived his education in the public schools of Ohio. At the early age of fourteen he entered the serv- ice of the Union Pacific Railroad as a locomo- tive fireman, and he has remained in the service of the company ever since. For seven years he was a fireman, and then, on attaining his major- ity, he was promoted to be an engineer. He has never been in a wreck, and is regarded as a model of trustworthiness in his responsible and nerve-testing occupation. Mr. Krauss is a Re- publican in politics, a member of the Order of United Workmen, and of the Brotherhood of Lo- comotive Engineers. He is a frank, open-spoken man of our best type. In 1879 Mr. Krauss mar- ried Mary Gifford, a native of Lansing, Minn., born on December 23, 1862, a daughter of David and Jennie (Hughes) Gifford. Four children have blessed this union, George L., Jessie P.. Florence and Lillie. The last-named one died in 1888, and was buried in Evanston, Wyo. HERMAN LIPPOLDT. As the name suggests, the subject of this sketch is of German lineage, although born and reared in the United States. His father, August Lippoldt, was a native of Germany, a farmer by ocpupation, who left the Fatherland in 1847 anc '- shortly after reaching America, made his way to Jersey county, Illinois, where he purchased a farm and engaged in agricultural pursuits, fol- lowing that useful vocation until his death, which occurred in 1863. The mother came to the United States two years after the arrival of her husband, and is still living in Illinois. Herman Lippoldt was born on September 22, 1861, in Jersey coun- ty, 111., and grew to manhood on the home farm. Losing his father when less than two years old, he was reared by his mother, who spared no pains in instilling into his young mind correct principles, and inspiring in him a proper appre- ciation of the true dignity of honest toil. When old enough to be of practical service, he was put to work in the labors of the farm, and, from that time until his nineteenth year, labored dili- gently for his mother and otherwise looked af- ter her interests. Meanwhile during the seasons, he attended the public schools and acquired an education, which, though by no means as complete as he could desire, has been sufficient to enable him to transact intelligently the duties of a very active business life. In his twentieth year, Mr. Lippoldt severed the ties that bound him to his home and became a tiller of the soil upon his own responsibility, leasing for the purpose land in his native county. Subsequently he went to northern Illinois, where he remained until 1883, then yielded to a desire of long standing by go- ing further west. Impressed with the idea that the Great West abounded in more favorable op- portunities for a young man than did. his own state, he went to Colorado, where he engaged in freighting with an outfit of his own. After re- maining there until the following year, meeting with fair returns for his labor, Mr. Lippoldt came to Wyoming and for about six months worked for a railroad company, with headquarters at Cheyenne. At the expiration of that time, he went back to Colorado, where he was variously employed until 1886, when he returned to Wyo- ming to again engage in railroad work. The road which, at that time, was in process of con- struction, runs through the section of country where Mr. Lippoldt now lives, and it was while thus employed by the company that he became • favorably impressed with the natural advantages of the region, and determined that, at some fu- ture time, he would, if possible, secure a location therein. After some months passed in the employ PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 863 of the road, he engaged with the Pratt & Ferris Cattle Co., with which he remained until 1897, then severing his connection and moving to a ranch on the Platte River, about nine miles east of Fort Laramie. Mr. Lippoldt took up this ranch in 1893, but was not in a situation to take possession and properly stock it until four years after riling on the land. Through his careful husbanding of his earnings,, he found to his cred- it quite a respectable capital, which was judicious- ly invested in cattle and horses, thus enabling him to get a very respectable start in the stock busi- ness. He made a number of valuable improve- ments on the ranch, increased his stock from time to time, and succeeded well until the fall of 1 90 1, when he disposed of his cattle and horses and with his family went on an extended visit to his old home in Illinois. Later, Mr. Lippoldt sold his original ranch, but he now owns a fine place of 400 acres on Rawhide Creek, which he has greatly improved and stocked with a number of high-grade horses. It is his intention eventually to resume cattleraising, plans having already been perfected to that end. On March 13, 1899, Mr. Lippoldt was married, in Alton, 111. to Miss Clara Ebbler, a native of Illinois, and a daughter of Herman and Frances Ebbler, both parents having their birth in Germany. Mr. Ebbler was a pros- perous farmer of Jersey county, and died there in 1892 ; his widow is still living on the old farm, where she has made her home since leaving the Fatherland. Mr. and Mrs. Lippoldt are the par- ents of two bright children, a son and a daugh- ter, Amelia and Otto, in whom are centered many fond hopes and expectations. The life of Mr. Lippoldt has been one of great activity, not un- mixed with pleasurable and interesting experi- ences. His career illustrates what a young man can accomplish in the face of many adverse cir- cumstances, if he is industrious and actuated by proper motives. He has always been energetic, and, though at times the future may have looked discouraging, he never lost heart, but took ad- vantage of every opportunity calculated in any way to advance his interests. With good business abilities and a discriminating judgment, he has prospered in his various undertakings and bids fair to achieve still greater success in years to come. Personally, he is an affable gentleman, quiet in demeanor and belongs to that large and eminently respectable class whose actions speak louder than words. In religion he is an earnest and devout member of the Lutheran church, as is also his wife. ALBERT W. LONG. With his childhood and youth darkened by the terrible shadow of our Civil War, which robbed him of one parent, and enfeebled the other to such an extent that she did not long survive its conclusion, being thus orphaned and thrown on his own resources for advancement in the world, Albert W. Long, now living not far from Kearney, in Sheridan county, Wyoming, and there conducting a successful and increasing stock and farming business, literally came up through tribulation to his present estate of comfort and consequence, being ■ fully indebted to his own courage, perseverance and enterprise for his suc- cess and prosperity. He was born in Pennsyl- vania, on February 22, 1858, the son of Joseph and Caroline (Snare) Long, also natives of that state. Soon after the Civil War was well in progress, the father enlisted in the Union army, as a member of the One Hundred and Forty- eighth Pennsylvania Infantry, and saw arduous service in the field, and on the march, until the terrible deluge of death in the Wilderness, where he received a wound, from which soon after he died in a hospital at Washington, D. C. As has been noted, the mother did not long survive him, dying at her Pennsylvania home, leaving four children practically to the care of strangers. Al- bert remained in his native state until he was nineteen, then came westward to Iowa, and en- gaged in farming. For eleven years he followed the plow in that state, in 1888 came to Wyoming, locating in Sheridan county, where he again en- gaged in farming and stockraising, being pros- pered in his business, and he now owns 440 acres of fine land, a large herd of cattle and horses, 864 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. with other property of value. He has exhibited a warm and serviceable interest in the welfare of the county, having shown himself to be a wise, progressive and useful citizen, as well as a thrifty and energetic business man and an excellent farmer. On March 23, 1890, Mr. Long was united in marriage with Miss Ella Smith, who was born and reared in Missouri, the daughter of George W. and Jennie (Fowler) Smith, with whom she came to Wyoming some years before her marriage, her father being a native of Vir- ginia and her mother of Illinois. They were early emigrants to /Missouri, where they lived and prospered for years. But the frontier always had a charm' for them, and, in time, it proved sufficient to bring them to . Wyoming, and here they have built a new home, in which their hopes have expanded and flourished in a symmetrical ratio with their endeavors. JOSEPH H. LEWIS. Joseph H. Lewis, of Sheridan county, Wyo- ming, whose ranch, located five miles south of Sheridan, is a model of thrift and careful cultiva- tion, whose stock business conducted thereon is one of the leading industries of that portion of the county, was born in Indiana, on August 25, 1845. His parents, William and Mary J. (Van Meter) Lewis, belonged to old Southern fami- lies that had been long resident in that section and were prominently identified with its history. The paternal grandfather, a Welchman, settled in Virginia in his early manhood and became a large planter and slaveholder. The father was a native of Virginia and the mother of Kentucky. He died in 1877 in Iowa, where his widow is now living, aged ninety-one. In 1853 tne family moved from Indiana to Iowa, in that state their son Joseph was reared on their farm and edu- cated at the public school in the vicinity. When he was twenty-five he started in life for himself, leaving the parental home to conduct a farm on his own account. This he continued to do. with varying success, until 1895, when he came to Wyoming and purchased the farm on which he now lives and carries on his prosperous and ex- tensive stock industry. His farm comprises 320 acres of well-improved land, nicely located and well-adapted to stockraising. He has a fine herd of graded cattle and a band of superior horses. These, with his general farming interests, engage his attention to the exclusion of other business and politics, although he is always earnest in his zeal for any enterprise that promises well for the advancement or improvement of the county or his immediate section of it. In 1874 Mr. Lewis was married, in Iowa, with Miss Sopnia AVallace, a native of Indiana, and a daughter of David and Sophia AVallace, who were among the pioneers of their part of that state. Mr. and Mrs. Lewis have seven children : Jessie, married with Robert R. Sellmay, of Sheridan ; Charles B. ; Daisy, mar- ried with W. H. Spear, of Bighorn ; Harry W. ; Ralph J. ; Georgia G. ; Raymond P. Both in Iowa and in AVyoming the contributions of Mr. Lewis to the progress and development of the country have been both valuable and extensive, for he has given aid to every good enterprise by encouragement, by counsel, by example and by more substantial means. His influence has ever been felt for good in commercial, educational and social circles, not only in what he himself has done, but also in what he has impelled others to do by his example and activity. He is highly esteemed by his fellows as a man of sterling worth and broad-minded enterprise. FRANK LUNDIE. Starting out to make his own way in the world at the age of fourteen, since then pursuing dame fortune's winning smile with assiduous at- tention and becoming diligence, Frank Lundie, now a prosperous stockman and farmer, residing near Fenton, in Bighorn county, AA r yoming, has, nevertheless, been much of a wanderer. He has seen human life under many conditions in vari- ous latitudes and amid a great variety of pur- suits. He is a Canadian by nativity, born in the Dominion in 1862. His parents were AA r illiam and Edith Lundie. the former a native of Scot- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. land and the latter of Maine. Their son, Frank, remained at home until he was fourteen years old, receiving a limited education in the schools of his neighborhood, and, when he left home to do for himself, he made his way to Fort Bridger, Wyo., where he found employment in railroad construction work, which employed him until 1878, when he went to Green River, and there engaged for a year in farming. From there, in 1879, he went to Fort Washakie, dividing the next four years of his time between that place and Lander. In 1883 he made a trip to Arizona, going from there through California and Nevada, returning to Lander in 1886, and, starting out soon after on his further travel, he spent two years in Idaho, in 1888 he came again to Wyo- ming, and, being then determined to make the state his permanent home, he located near Fen- ton, and started an enterprise in raising stock, which he conducted for ten years on the ranch he took up. He sold this ranch in 1898, but kept mis cattle, purchasing for their use a smaller ranch, which he still owns, his herd consisting of 150 well-bred Herefords, which are kept in prime condition. In his travels about the country, going through many wild and unsettled sections, it was a matter of course that Mr. Lundie should meet with many surprising adventures and see hardship and danger. He has apparently looked death by violence in the face on more than one occasion, and, sometimes, for days together, every hour has been full of peril. But the adventurous spirit that started him on his wanderings sustained him through all their hazards and hardships, and made him equal to every emergency that confront- ed him. Hostile Indians and wild beasts have opposed his progress, and hung upon his trail, road agents and other renegades from law and order have held him up, flood, famine and the seasons' extremities have tried his courage and his endurance. He was at Meeker at the time of the terrible massacre, and there, as in manv another place, saw death in many horrible forms. But over all his dauntless spirit triumphed, from all his ready resourcefulness saved him, and he came forth from every trial practically unharmed. He is an enterprising and progressive citizen, whose interest in the welfare of his community is manifested in good works and in an active sup- port of every project, of public improvement or private support, which commands his approval, being much esteemed as one of the leading and representative men of his part of the country. CLEMENT LACFIAPELLE. Thoughtful historians, who have paid careful attention to the sources of strength that have been elements in the building up of this won- derful American republic, have taken note of the fact that prominent among them are the wealth, industry and valuable qualities brought to its shores and utilized by the best people of foreign lands. In the development of the Great Northwest, has the French nation contributed more than an ordinary share. In writing of the. progressive men of Wyoming, it will be seen that many men of French extraction are among them and whose reviews appear on the pages of this work. Among this- number Clement Lachapelle has a very highly improved and productive ranch of 1,280 acres situated at Willow Creek, three and one-half miles south of the town of Hilliard, in Uinta county, Wyoming. Genera- tions ago his French ancestors left their native land and made their home in the province of Quebec, Canada, then a portion of the great French empire, and, here, amid all of the various political changes and proprietorship, the familv has since been domiciled. His grandfather, Raphael Lachapelle, was an industrious farmer, and his son, Joseph, also followed the tilling of the soil for a livelihood. Joseph Lachapelle mar- ried Mary Richarde, and Clement was one of their family of children. He was born near Mon- treal, Canada, on April 6, 1822, and, on the farm of his father, was early inured to hard work and steady application. In connection therewith he received a common-school education in the government schools, and early developed into a quick, resolute, strong and ambitious youth. Pos- sessing these qualifications, it will be seen that PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. the cramped and cribbed conditions of the land of his birth did not appear to him as a profitable or satisfactory field wherein to pass his life, while the great mountain and valley section of the Northwest was beckoning to him with its at- tractive and alluring features to come and take possession of mines yet undeveloped, of fields never yet cultivated, of forests in which no ax had ever sounded, so, in i860, crossing the in- ternational boundary line, he traversed the thou- sands of miles of distance leading across the United States to California. Here he engaged in mining with a miner's luck, and from that state proceeded to Fraser River, in British Columbia, where he also sought for the yellow metal. He at a later period followed mining in the Treas- ure state, Montana, but in 1869 ' ie located in Wyoming for a year and was engaged in team- ing, with his headquarters at Piedmont, later he .established himself in business at Ogden, Utah, continuing there for a time, but returning to Piedmont, Wyoming, in 1872. Mr. Lachapelle, after working in the woods for a time, became a burner of charcoal at Aspen, returning to Og- den, however, to pass the winter of 1872 and 1873. In the spring of 1873, he again came to Piedmont, where he passed the season in manu- facturing charcoal. The next year he erected a hotel in Hilliard, which became quite a place of resort, and which he conducted successfully for about five years, then took up a portion of the land, where is now located his home on Willow Creek, and here he has, by his diligent labor and wise calculation, placed most of his acreage under cultivation. His land is especially adapted to the raising of hay, of which he produces large annual yields, and by its sale receives a satisfac- tory income. Mr. Lachapelle was married, on April 2, 1872, in Ogden, Utah, with Miss Mary Molly, a daughter of Joseph and Mary Molly. Her parents were natives of England, early emi- grating to the United States. Mrs. Lachapelle's birth occurred also in England, and to Mr. La- chapelle and his estimable wife have come eight children, Mary Louisa; Clement, who is now in Alaska; Mabel, who married Thomas Blight. Jr.. of Evanston, Wyo., where they now maintain their home ; Beatrice ; Florence ; Valan ; Roger ; Frank. Mr. Lachapelle believes that the ultimate good and permanent prosperity of a country can best be brought out through the medium of the Republican party, and his support is strongly given to its campaigns. In religious faith, he was conscientiously reared in the Roman Catholic church. He is a good representative of the old- timer of the Rocky Mountain section, showing the characteristics transmitted to him from his French and Canadian ancestors. From a poor boy, through his good habits and good manage- ment, he has acquired a position of financial in- dependence and is yearly adding to the value of his property. He sagaciously calculates his busi- ness changes, and arranges his affairs to take advantage of business conditions, and richly reap the benefits of good judgment. The family is highly esteemed and Mr. Lachapelle and his wife have a large host of friends, for they have won the friendship of the community. HON. DANIEL C. NOWLIN. A "pioneer of pioneers" in two states and one territory of this Union, the sheriff of an im- mense county in the most troublous times, a county surveyor when the lines of new counties were to be established, and a legislator when the formative period of a new commonwealth had not yet passed, Hon. Daniel C. Nowlin, one of the leading stockmen of Wyoming, in the Big- piney district, and the game warden of the state, has had all the hazard of frontier life and con- tributed his full share to the organizing and de- velopment of many portions of our country in the West. He was born in Texas on September 1, 1857, the son of Dr. James S. and Elizabeth A. (Gathing) Nowlin, natives of Kentucky and Mis- sissippi respectively. His father was a physician and surgeon in the famous Texas Rangers be- tween 1870 and 1877, and died in that state in 1899 at tnc a S' e °^ eighty-one years. His ances- tors were Virginians of old Colonial stock who came from Ireland in the early days. Daniel C. Nowlin was educated in the primary and high DANIEL C. NOWLIN. PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 867 .schools of his native state and after leaving school followed land surveying, holding for a short time there the office of county surveyor, then removed to New Mexico, where he served as deputy min- eral surveyor for seven years. After his experi- ence in New Mexico he returned to San Antonio, Tex., for a short time and from there came to Wyoming in 1891, having his desire to live -in this state quickened by a previous residence here for a few months in 1880, when he came hither with a band of cattle, during his stay aiding in organizing Johnson county. He then went back to New Mexico and worked in' that territory and Texas on a surveying corps of the Southern Pa- ck Railroad. He also served as county super- intendent of schools in Lincoln county, N. M., and was its last sheriff before it was divided, it being then the largest county in the United States and held under a reign of terror by the lawless element led by the renowned "Billy, the Kid." In 1891 Mr. Nowlin sold out his interests in Texas and, as has been noted, came to Wyoming, settling in Uinta county, where he has since re- sided and conducted a ranching and cattlegrow- ing industry of constantly expanding magnitude. His close and systematic attention to business and his general usefulness in every public enter- prise in the community commended him to fa- vorable notice and in 1901 he was appointed state game warden, a position he is now filling with eminent success and general satisfaction to the people. He was well-known throughout the state as deeply interested in the preservation and protection of game in the state, having, when a member of the Fifth Legislature, fathered and championed the present game law. For a num- ber of years, while residing in the Jackson Hole country in the northern part of the county, he served as a justice of the peace and in that ca- pacity was of material assistance in establishing the supremacy of law and order in the neighbor- hood, giving stability and form to its civil forces. This was in keeping with his former experience, when, as a member of the frontier battalion of the Texas Rangers, he aided in ridding Texas and New Mexico of a number of very bad char- acters. In fraternal relations Mr. Nowlin is a Freemason, holding membership in Rising Star Lodge, No. 421, of Texas, and also a Knight of Pythias, belonging to Lincoln Lodge, New Mex- ico, of which he has been chancellor commander. On November 19, 1887, Mr. Nowlin was married with Miss Laura Leonard, a native of Missouri and daughter of Levi and Jane (McDaniel) Leonard, whose father was born and reared in Pennsylvania and her mother in Missouri. They have five children, Bryan, Percy, Bruce, Bernice and Pera. ISAAC LOVEDAY. One of the most skillful and prosperous farm- ers in Uinta county, Wyoming, is Isaac Loveday, who resides five miles west of Evanston. He was born in Wiltshire, England, September 14, 1821, and is a son of Solomon and Mary (Godin) Loveday, the former of whom was a son of Jona- than and Sarah Loveday and was a farmer by vocation. Isaac Loveday, naturally enough, was reared to agricultural pursuits, and his youthful days were so closely occupied by his duties on the home farm that little opportunity was af- forded him to acquire an education ; nevertheless, he attended the common school for a season or two and learned what little was absolutely neces- sary for him to know in carrying on the calling which was to be his life work. For some years he worked as a farm hand for his neighbors in England, and also passed a few years in Wales, engaged in the same capacity. In 1880, Mr. Loveday came to the United States, with the hope of improving his circumstances in life, and in this hope he has not been disappointed, as from the start he has met with encouraging success. For the first year after his arrival in America, he worked on a farm near Honesdale, Pa., and then went to Illinois, where he was employed in the same occupation about a year and a half, when he came to Wyoming and entered the ranch on which he still lives, west of Evanston. The mar- riage of Mr. Loveday took place in Wales on August 5, 1849, with Miss Mary Danks, a daugh- ter of Peter and Anna (Powell) Danks, natives of Wales, and to this union there were born seven 868 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. children, namely, 'Hiram, who is married and who is farming in Idaho; Marintha Althera, married to Edward Blacker, a farmer in Star Valley ; Kemuel, living in Diamondville ; Fannie E., wife of Thomas Lewis, of Canonsburg, Pa. ; Thomas, who was born in Wales, February 25, 1859, also died in that country when nineteen years of age ; Isaac, who is a farmer, is married, and is living in Cache Valley, Utah ; Sarah A., who was born in Wales, October 25, 1865, and there died July 1, 1866. Mrs. Mary (Danks) Loveday was born in Wales in 1832, and passed away in Uinta county, Wyo., April 14, 1902, a member of the Church of the Latter Day Saints, her remains being interred in the cemetery at Almy, Uinta county, Wyo. Of the Church of the Latter Day Saints Mr. Loveday and his surviv- ing children are also faithful adherents, wherever they may live. Too much credit cannot be given to Mr. Loveday for the energy and perseverance he has exercised since becoming a resident of Wyoming, and his fortune is of his own making. He is a good citizen and is greatly esteemed by his neighbors, and from such men as he, it may he said, the greatness of a state is derived. JOHN J. LINDSEY. One who makes a specialty of the raising of fine stock, who is meeting with great success in that line of business, is John J. Lindsey, one of the leading citizens of the county of Albany, Wyo- ming. He is a native of the state of Georgia, having been born there in 185 1, in the county of Cobb, the son of D. W. and Elizabeth (Morgan) Lindsey, both natives of that state. The father removed his residence from his native state of Georgia to the state of Mississippi, previous to the time of the Civil War. ■ Upon the breaking out of that great struggle, being a sympathizer with the Northern cause, he again removed his residence, and located in Illinois. Here he con- tinued, following the occupation of farming until 1865, when he, with his family, removed to the southeastern portion of Missouri, where he es- tablished his home in Madrid county. Here he remained for three years, and then moved to the southwestern part of the same state, and settled in the county of St: Clair. This was his place of residence for twenty-eight years, when he again moved his place of abode, this time estab- lishing himself in the territory of Oklahoma, where he resided up to the time of his death, which occurred in 1896. The mother passed away when her son, John, was a small child, and was buried in Mississippi. Mr. Lindsey spent the years of his childhood and early manhood in the various states of Mississippi, Illinois and Mis- souri, and received his early education in the public schools of those states. Compelled to leave school at the age of seventeen years, he secured employmenton a farm in the state of Mis- souri, and continued in that pursuit up to 1871, when he left his former home in Missouri and removed to Kansas. Here he engaged in the dairy business for about three years, then dis- posed of his business and removed his residence to the then territory of Wyoming, where, in the vicinity of Tie Siding, he secured the manage- ment of a sawmill and engaged in manufacturing railroad ties, timbers and lumber. This business he conducted with success for about three years, when he purchased the ranch property which he now occupies, and engaged in ranching and cat- tleraising, in which he has continued from that time. He makes a specialty of the Aberdeen- Angus breed of cattle, of which he is the owner of a fine herd, and he is also largely interested in range horses. He has been successful in his business operations, and is gradually extending his operations from year to year. In 1883, he was united in marriage with Miss Marion Simp- son, a native of the state of New Hampshire, and being the daughter of William and Marion Laura Simpson, also natives of that state. The father of Mrs. Lindsey followed the occupation of tele- graphing up to the time of his demise, which occurred in 1876, and the mother is living in the city of Laramie. To Mr. and Mrs. Lindsey have been born two children. Ruth and Alonzo, both of whom are living. Fraternally, Mr. Lindsey is affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 869 Fellows, as a member of Laramie Lodge. His many admirable traits of character have won for him the highest respect of all with whom he has been associated during his residence in Wyoming. JOHN LOST LEWIS. The Lewis family is of very ancient Welch and English descent, on the maternal side, extend- ing- back even to the time of Queen Adelaide, of England. John Lost Lewis, now residing on Bear River, Uinta county, Wyoming, was born in Carmenthenshire, Wales, in October, 1846, a son of William and Adelaide M. (Bushell) Lew- is, the former of whom was a farmer by voca- tion, and a son of Lewis Lewis and his good wife. The latter was a daughter of James Parton, her mother being a descendant of the noble Queen Adelaide, of England, who was born in 1792, died in 1849, an d was the consort of William IV. James Parton, however, was born in Ireland, but died in Wales, at the age of sixty-seven years, and his widow, who was of English parentage, also died in Wales, when seventy-four years old. John L. Lewis received a sound education in his native land, where he was reared to' farming and followed the vocation until 1897, when, allured by the prospect of an earlier attainment of a for- tune in the New World than the conditions in the Old World gave promise of, he came to the United States, and at once took up his present farm on Bear River, and engaged in stockraising, in which he has met with the success that ever attends those who' exercise the proper amount of intelligence and diligence that ought, as a matter of course, to be devoted to the calling. John L. Lewis had married, in Wales, on October 23, 1879, with Miss Catheryn M. Lewis, a daughter of William M. and Anna (Lewis) Lewis. Wil- liam 'Mortimer Lewis was a son of William M. and Louisa (Edwards) Lewis, the.latter a daugh- ter of Col. John Edwards, who was a son of John Edwards and a brother of Lord Kensington, who married a daughter of the Earl of Warwick, the "king-maker." Her mother is a daughter of Dr. Evan Prethroe and Elizabeth (Lewis) Lewis, and is also of royal descent, one of her ancestors having been Caractacus, the first Prince of Wales. The father of Mrs. Catheryn M. Lewis died in Wales at the age of sixty-five years, but the mother is still living in Cardiff, Wales, at the age of seventy-four. The children born to Mr. and Mrs. John L. Lewis are seven in number, and are named William L., Frederick B., Morti- mer L., Adelaide A., Florence M., Catheryn M., and Rose Veletta. John L. Lewis and family are held in very high esteem throughout the Bear River region, being leaders in its social circles. Mr. Lewis is broad-minded and public spirited and has done much to advance the material pros- perity of his community. He has, as has been noted, made a success of the calling in which he is engaged, and has no complaint to make of his choice of location. He is enterprising, attentive to his business, setting a good example to his neighbors and the rising generation well deserv- ing its emulation. LEWIS . McCREARY. Lewis McCreary, of near Tensleep, in Big- horn county, Wyoming, one of the stockgrowers and farmers whose enterprise and progressive- ness have largely impressed themselves on the business in which he is engaged, and also upon the community in which he lives, is a native of Michigan, where he was born in i860, the son of Culner and Sarah McCreary. His parents were natives of New York, who early in their life removed to Michigan, where their son, Lewis, reached his majority, was educated at the public schools, and began life for himself in farming and the lumber business, in which he was en- gaged until 1891. He then came to Wyoming and took up the homestead on the Tensleep River, on which he has since been conducting an ac- tive industry in stockraising and farming. His farm comprises 160 acres of good land, which was virgin soil when he took hold of it, and, with characteristic industry and systematic applica- tion of the most approved methods of develop- ment and cultivation, he has brought the land to 8;o PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. an excellent condition of fertility and improve- ment. He handles cattle and horses in large numbers, being very successful in his business. The reasons for his success are neither far off nor difficult to find, for his land was selected with judgment and his energies have been put to work on it with intelligence and discrimination, while he has used the same qualities in selecting his cattle and horses and in caring for and keeping them. The results are legitimate fruits of skill and wisdom in vigorous and judicious action. In reference to his duties as a citizen, and with re- gard to the general welfare of his community, Mr. McCreary has been as careful, as conscien- tious and as energetic, as with reference to his own affairs, and he is, accordingly, highly es- teemed as one of the representative men of his portion of the county. He was married in Mich- igan, on February 12, 1883, to Miss Margaret Conner, a native of Canada, but an early resident of this country. They have six children, Zinah, Milo, Vernie, Kate, Alta and Myrtle, and their home is one of the attractive and pleasant resorts of the neighborhood for their many friends, be- ing a fine type of the rural dwelling and domestic comfort which distinguish this country as so es- sentially a land of homes, and our people also a turning ever to their household gods with affec- tionate and tenacious regard. JOHN A. McGRAW. When, after a life filled with useful activity in labors that have permanently benefited the communities where they make their home, and, after years of devoted sacrifice and valor in pa- triotic support of their country's flag and honor, the ripened years of life of such individuals show them to be in the possession of wealth and a competency; in landed estate or personal property, we must express our thankfulness that they have received so just a reward for their invaluable services. These reflections come to mind while considering the career of John A. McGraw, of Evanston, Wyoming, who is a fitting representa- tive of both tin- above-named classes, being 1 uni- versally esteemed by an unusually large circle as a man of substantial possessions in a materia) way, and also as a citizen of the highest type, standing for all that indicates the uplift and progress of the best elements of society. The history of such a person furnishes both stimulus and incentive, and we make here a brief record for the benefit of aspiring youth in coming gener- ations. Mr. McGraw was born in Pennsylvania, in 1845, a son of James and Elizabeth (Bowser) McGraw. His paternal grandfather, John Mc- Graw, was the American emigrant from Scotland of the family, and for the remainder of his life he exemplified the manly, if rugged, virtues of his native land in Pennsylvania. James McGraw, his son, became a successful millwright, follow- ing that vocation for long years in his native state of Pennsylvania, acquiring not only a world- ly competency, but the esteem of his contem- poraries. His death, at the hale old age of eighty- two, occurred. in 1897. His wife bore him three children, of whom our subject was the eldest, and. in a short time thereafter, she closed her eyes to earthly scenes. She was born in the same state, a daughter of Samuel Bowser. Possessing a nat- ural disposition to handle tools, Mr. McGraw, of this review, early was attracted to the machin- ist's trade, which he thoroughly acquired in one of the great plants of Pittsburg, Pa. That he was an acknowledged master of his trade is evi- denced by the fact that he was in constant em- ployment in that great industrial center until he came to Evanston, Wyo., in 1878. There was ample place and opportunity for such a work- man as he in the Evanston shops, and, from that time to the present, his labors have been given in the same industrial field, bringing to him satis- factory returns, while his personality has been such as to cause the best elements of the citizen- ship of the city to accord him a place in their companionship and personal esteem. He has in- vested some of his earnings in the development of his valuable ranch of 1,600 acres, which is located on Green River, twenty miles from Evanston. In 1870 Mr. McGraw became the husband of a win- some Canadian lassie, of Scottish extraction. Miss PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 871 Mary McKenzie, the daughter of Archie and Mary McKenzie. Their children are Frank, Wil- liam, John, Archie, Emma, Mabel, Mary and James, deceased. During the great Civil War, Mr. McGraw loyally maintained the integrity of the Union on Southern battlefields for two years as a member of Co. C, Fourteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry, receiving an honorable discharge at his muster-out. He is a Republican in politics and a citizen who is held in high esteem for his many excellent traits of character. THOMAS L. McGEE. This experienced range-rider of Laramie county, Wyoming, was born near New Orleans, La., on December 24, 1859, a son of Thomas L. and Madora (Lyons) McGee, natives of Ten- nessee. Before his marriage Thomas L. McGee, Sr., was employed in a bank in Memphis, Tenn., but, after his marriage, he removed to Louisiana and settled on a plantation at Algiers, on the Mississippi River, opposite the city of New Orleans, where he resided until after the termina- tion of the Civil War, when he sold his planting interests and bought a sailing vessel and engaged in the carrying trade of the South American ports for about two years. In 1868 he sold his vessel and purchased a plantation on the Ama- zon River, in Brazil, S. A., and engaged in rais- ing cattle, cotton and sugar-cane. In 1874 he sold this place and went to New York, thence to Washington, D. C, where he was appointed to a clerkship in the U. S. postoffice department, and, two years later, he was transferred to the railway postal service in Louisiana, in which po- sition he was employed at the time of his death, which occurred in May, 1883, his remains be- ing conveyed to Bijou, La., for interment. His widow survived until February 1, 1901, when she died and was buried in New York city, where she had been living with her son, John C, a member of the municipal mounted police. Thomas L. McGee passed seven months of his early boyhood in a physician's office in New York city, and was then appointed a page in the Sen- ate chamber of the United States, at Washing- ton, D. C, which appointment was secured for him by Senator Hancock, of Texas. In 1879, Mr. McGee went from Washington to Montana, where he worked on a cattle ranch near Sidney for one season. In the fall of the same year he came to Wyoming and rode the range in Lara- mie county. In 1883 he went into the employ of one of the large companies, and was with it con- tinuously until the fall of 1889, when he took up a place on the Laramie River, on his own ac- count. His ranch is three miles south of Uva, and Mr. McGee is there making a success of the cattle business, for which he seems to be particu- larly well fitted. He keeps up his connection, however, with the company for which he rode so long, for which he does considerable work. Mr. McGee is a good citizen, always ready to aid financially all measures' designed to advance the prosperity of the section in which he lives. He is very highly esteemed by his fellow-ranch- men for his genial disposition and many manly qualities, and the only surprise expressed by his neighbors concerning him is, that he has never submitted himself to wedlock. WILLIAM F. MANNING. Having learned the art of war by an exigent personal experience in the contest between the states from 1861 to 1865, and in a subsequent career of valor and usefulness in service against the Indians on the plains with General Miles, thus exemplifying in a conspicuous way the les- sons and traditions of his family history, which is full of military service in all the wars that have engaged our people, William F. Manning, now of South Park, in the Jackson Hole country of Wyoming, is well prepared to' enjoy by contrast the beauties and blessings of the peace in which he i-s now basking. He is a native of Allen coun- ty, Ohio, born on March 7, 1836, the son of Charles and Hannah (Patten) Manning, who were also natives of Ohio. The father was a farmer, who had inherited from a long line of gallant ancestors the spirit of patriotism and mili- 8/2 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. tary ardor which had carried his father through the bloody scenes of the war of 1812 in defense of his country and had given him food for in- spiriting narratives of the times, until his death, at the age of 104,. and had consecrated the altars of contending freemen on many an ensanguined field in the Revolution, whereon his forbears met, and helped to vanquish, the scarlet uniform and glittering steel of Great Britain. Accordingly, when the call to arms in defense of the Union was sounded in 1861, he was among the first to volunteer for the service, and, in the four years of arduous and dangerous struggle which fol- lowed, he rose to the rank of captain, being mus- tered out with a record of intrepid bravery and skillful leadership. By the death of his mother, William F. Manning was left an orphan when he was two years old, and, at an early age there- after, he was thrown on his own resources, get- ting his education in the hard, but effective, school of experience, gathering therein a hoard of that worldly wisdom that can only be acquired from that exacting and inexorable taskmaster. He was apprenticed to the trade of a machinist, and, having mastered the craft, was working at it diligently when the Civil War broke out, and he, too, like his father, at once enlisted and followed the flag of the Union to its final triumph at Ap- pomattox, fighting at the front of the contending columns in such awful and decisive engagements as Shiloh, Gettysburg and the sanguinary bat- tles around Richmond, as a member of Co. I, Fifty-seventh Ohio Infantry, and, in addition to his field service, he was much engaged in de- tached service in the artillery. He enlisted in June, 1 861, and was honorably discharged just four years later to the very day. In 1866 he set- tled in Iowa, and, after a time, removed to Kan- sas, working at farming and blacksmithing in both states and also in Colorado and Texas, alter- nating tbese pursuits with hunting buffalo and fighting Indians until 1872, when he again en- listed, this time in Co. I, Fifth U. S. Infantry. He served five years in this command, part of the time being at Fort Leavenworth and passing some time in the field with General Miles in his campaigns against the Indians. He then accept- ed an engagement to hunt and mine for the U. S. officials, doing this work in Montana until 1879, from then until 1881 in Colorado, following that in the Yellowstone National Park and in the Teton country of Idaho until 1891. In that year he settled where he now lives and started an en- terprise in ranching and stockraising, which has grown to good proportions and risen to a high standard. He owns 160 acres of superior land, well improved and skillfully cultivated. He is a gentleman, moreover, of fine public spirit, admira- ble breadth of view and earnest and intelligent interest in the welfare of the community. Since 1894 he has served as game warden and con- stable, having been elected to the position for the purpose of breaking up the predatory habits of the Indians and to prevent them from roaming- over the public domain at will and hunting where they chose. He deputized parties of men to aid in keeping the Indians on their reservations and succeeded in his efforts, his action being finally sustained by the Supreme Court of the United States. Mr. Manning was united in a happy and prosperous marriage with Mrs. Mary Chris- amer, a native of Missouri, whose maiden name was Allred. Her two children, by her former marriage are Maud, married to George Willcox,. of Uinta county, Wyo., and Ora, living at home. Mr. Manning is a thorough frontiersman, skilled in all the exigencies and ways of the wilderness, having learned them by practice through years of danger, privation and arduous toil. EPHRAIM MARSHALL. Even in this land of Democracy, the Ameri- can republic, the universal law holds good that "blood will tell," and inherited ancestral traits will appear in descendants of the strong and gifted, giving to them an added advantage in the strenuous struggle for existence. We are led to these reflections in considering the popu- lar ranchman of Black's Fork, near Lyman, Wy- oming, whose name heads this review, for in the veins of his children commingle the blood of PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 873 two of America's grandest orators and statesmen, the distinguished Patrick Henry and the no less famous John C. Calhoun. Mr. Marshall was born in Tooele county, Utah, on June 5, 1857, being the son of George and Elizabeth (Wams- ley) Marshall, the father a native of Scotland and a brother of the Marshall who first discov- ered gold in California, and the mother of Eng- land, but of Scotch descent. The father carried on stockraising in Utah, but this was subsidiary to his connection with the Church of the Latter Day Saints, in which he was very active and held in high esteem. He died, however, at the early age of forty-five years, when his son, Ephraim, was a small' lad, the mother, who could trace her lineage through her mother to John C. Cal- houn, surviving him and later marrying William Corbridge, and living until 1896, attaining the venerable age of eighty-one years, and her re- mains now rest in the cemetery at Minersville, Beaver county, Utah. Ephraim Marshall, one of the six children of his mother, was carefully ed- ucated in the Utah schools and thereafter en- gaged in farming, continuing this vocation and stockraising quite successfully in Utah until 1897, when commenced his connection with Wy- oming. In that year he homesteaded a tract of 160 acres of government land on Black Fork River, about two miles north of the town of Lyman, and here he has since made his home, developing a model stock ranch, giving especial attention to the raising of a fine strain of graded Shorthorn cattle, showing marked success in his results and maintaining a high standing among the stockmen of the country. He is a prominent and active worker in the ranks of his political party, while, in the domain of his church, his abilities have caused his selection for important trusts, which have been faithfuly and capably held. He was sent to England as a Mormon missionary and his service? were there given for a period of twenty-eight months with great acceptability. He also filled the position of as- sistant superintendent of the Sunday-school of the church at his Utah home for a long term of years, and he has now the distinction of being the first counsellor to Bishop Brough of the Lyman ward. Mr. Marshall married at St. George, Washington county, Utah, Miss Ida Dotson, a lady of culture and attainments, a daughter of W. L. H. and Henrietta (Landrum) Dotson, natives of Alabama, who emigrated from Mississippi to Utah in 1864. She was born in New Orleans, La., on July 22, 1861. Her father was a strong man, conspicuous in the active work of the Mormon church, who also exercised great weight as a leader in politics, serving two terms in the legislative assembly of Utah, for several years holding the important office of county com- missioner, being also a delegate from Utah to the convention of the National Stock Commis- sion held in Texas, and also to the Irrigation Con- gress, held in Salt Lake City. He was a son of Reuben and Nancy (Henry) Dotson, his mother being a lineal descendant of Patrick Henry. He lived happily on his fine plantation in Mississippi, where the labor was performed by his numer- ous slaves, until the Civil War ruined him and gave them freedom, and he then turned his face westward. Mr. and Mrs. Marshall have the following children, Metta J., wife of Albert G. Heder, of Smith's Fork, Wyo. ; Fayette ; William D. ; Mima ; Daniel G. ; Flossie ; Bernice ; John H. ; Leslie H. JOHN B. MATTHEWS. There is probably no department of industrial activity in the world that demands for natural mechanical talent, a steadier eye, a clearer brain and a* greater fertility of resource than mining, and, where an individual has attained high stand- ing in this perilous occupation, he needs no fur- ther guaranty of capability to succeed in any of the ordinary vocations of life. Among the residents of the state of Wyoming there is, per- haps, no one better entitled to be called a skilled and experienced miner than Mr. John B. Mat- thews, of Frontier, whose life from early days had been almost entirely given to this highly es- sential employment. He was born in Schuylkill county, Pa., on March 22, 1864, the son of Wil- 8 74 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. Ham and Mary (Barrett) Matthews. They were English people, and in his native county the fa- ther was for many years employed in mining, and there he married his wife, whose father, William Barrett, was also a lifelong miner, fol- lowing that occupation until, by an unexpected calamity, such as are frequently occurring in that dangerous business, he was killed in a mine. William Matthews came to the United States with his family in i860, and, of course, located in the coal fields of Pennsylvania, where the family was usefully and happily employed until after the birth of their youngest child, when, on account of the mother's failing health, the fam- ily returned to England where she died at the age of thirty-four years, when her son, John B. Matthews, who was the sixth of the seven chil- dren, was about two years old. She was a su- perior woman, a devoted wife and mother, a val- ued communicant of the Established Church of England. Until he was fourteen years old, Mr. Matthews attended the excellent schools of his English home and then was in active employ- ment for three years and until he was seventeen years of age, when he again crossed the Atlantic and thereafter pursued his trade as a miner at Rock Springs, Wyo., from 1881 to 1891, ten years of earnest application, when he went northwest to British Columbia, and, for two years, was en- gaged in the mines at Roslyn, following which service he went to Maryland, continuing mining there for four years, thence returning westward, he was at Joliet, 111., where he was employed in the large steel works for a year, coming then to his earlier western home. Rock Springs.- One year later he became identified with the mines at Kemmerer, with which he was connected as a miner until 1899, when occurred a serious acci- dent which resulted in Mr. Matthews losing his left leg, incapacitating him from pursuing his former employment. His interest in his work, the intelligence he displayed and the valuable ex- perience many years had brought to his service, now stood him in good stead, for, as soon as he was able to resume the activities of life, he was made the foreman of the mines of the Kemmerer Coal Co., a responsible position indeed, but one which he has since successfully filled with credit to himself and to the entire satisfaction of his employers. Being an enterprising, energetic and a progressive business man, he has engaged in other branches of industrial life and with very marked success. He has an interest in the large sheep and wool business of the coal company, and has quite an extensive shipping trade. Fur- ther than that he believes that it is the duty of every good citizen to actively aid in everything that tends to the improvement of the community, and his services, time and money are liberally expended irj this meritorious direction. He has the faculty of making friends and is an active member of Ottawa Tribe of the Improved Order of Red Men at Kemmerer. A good citizen, an active business man and an energetic member of society, Mr. Matthews has a far-reaching influ- ence for good, and is looked upon with respect as a decidedly representative member of society. Mr. Matthews was united in matrimony at Rock Springs, Wyo., on November 24, 1887, with Miss Sarah 'Kelley, a daughter of Charles and Anna Kelley, natives respectively of Scotland and England. Their seven children are Anna M., died in Rock Springs in infancy ; Elizabeth, died at Roslyn in infancy ; Ethel, died an infant at Kemmerer ; Emma M. ; John B., Jr. ; Anna May ; Charles Matthews. WILLIAM MAXWELL. The subject of this review is a prosperous and successful stockman of Albany county, Wyo- ming, and is now residing at Tie Siding, in that state. A native of the province of Nova Scotia, Canada, he was born in 1849, tne son °f J onn and Jessie (Monroe) Maxwell, the formera na- tive of Argyle Isle, Scotland, and the latter of Nova Scotia. The -father has ever followed the occupation of farming in Nova Scotia, where he now resides at an advanced age, having been born in 1814. For many years he was active in- the political life of the place of his residence, taking a prominent part in the liberal partv. He PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 875 is a son of John Maxwell, who was a native of Dumfrees Island, where he was engaged in sheep husbandry. The mother of the William Max- Well of this sketch was born in 1828, and died in 1878. She was. the daughter of Hugh and Jen- nie Monroe and the- mother of ten children. Her son, William, attained man's estate in his native country of Nova Scotia, and when he had reached the age of twenty-one years, he determined to seek his fortune in the western portion of the United States, and came, in 1870, to Sherman, in the then territory of Wyoming, which was, at that time, on the extreme western frontier, and he has seen it in all of the interesting stages of its growth and development from that time up to the present. Upon his arrival in Wyoming, he secured employment in a sawmill, in which occupation he continued without interruption for six years. He then left this employment to be- gin ranching and stockraising'in a small way on Fish Creek, in Larimer county, Colo. He also did some teaming and freighting during this time and continued in these employments for about three years. In 1879 ne came to Tie Sid- ing, in Wyoming, and purchased the merchan- dising establishment of John S. McCool at that place, and engaged in trade. In this business he remained for sixteen years, carrying it on with success, also profitably dealing in railroad ties, timber and lumber. He was interested during a good part of this time in the live stock business, gradually acquiring land, ranches and stock, both cattle and horses. Starting ranching and stockraising in a small way, he is now the owner of about 10,000 acres of land, well-fenced, im- proved and partly cultivated, with large barns, buildings and appliances for a successful and an extensive business. He is the owner of large numbers of fine horses and cattle, and makes a specialty of fine grades of white-faced cattle, be- ing the possessor of some of the most valuable animals in Wyoming, and he is counted one of the most substantial stockmen and property own- ers of his section of the state. In 1874 Mr. Max- well was united in marriage with Miss Agnes Williams, a native of Nova Scotia, and a daugh- ter of Patrick and Mary Williams, natives of the same country. To them six children have been born, Emily L., Frederick L., Ida D., Albert C, Eva B. and Luther, all of whom are living, ex- cept Luther, who died some years ago and was buried in Laramie, Wy'o. Fraternally, Mr. Max- well is affiliated with the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks, with the Masonic order, the In- dependent Order of Odd Fellows and the An- cient Order of United Workmen, and he. takes a deep and sincere interest in the fraternal life of the community. Politically, he is identified with the Republican party, and for many years he has been prominent in the councils of that organization. Often solicited by his party friends and associates to become a candidate for political honors, he has steadfastly declined to do so, pre- ferring to devote his entire time and attention to the management of his business interests. In one instance only has he yielded to the wishes of his political friends, and then he accepted office as a county commissioner of Albany county, for a term of four years, during that time serving the public with ability and public spirit. He is one of the foremost men in his section of the state and is held in the highest esteem. MADISON MASON. Madison Mason, one of Bighorn county's prominent stockgrowers and farmers, a represent- ative citizen of his portion of the state, came to Wyoming in 1882 with a thorough knowledge of the business in which he was to engage, gath- ered, in a wide experience in its details, in other parts of the country, where it is one of the lead- ing industries. He was born in Ohio, on Octo- ber 12, 1848, a son of Michael and Almira (John- son) Mason, the former a native of Ohio and the latter of New York. In his childhood the family moved to Indiana, and from there to Kansas, where the parents died, and their son grew to man's estate and received a limited com- mon-school education. In the first blush of his young and vigorous manhood he went to the Indian Territory, where for six years he was act- 876 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. ively engaged in the stock business, then for two years he followed the same occupation in New Mexico. From there he came north to South Dakota and, until 1897, he tempted fortune at Deadwood. In 1897 also he came to Wyoming, locating at once in the renowned Bighorn basin, taking up land for a stock industry on Shell Creek, where, for a time, he carried on a thriving business. He then sold his ranch and came to his present location, twelve miles below Lovell, where he has an attractive and valuable tract of 240 acres of well-improved and highly cultivated land and a large number of fine cattle and other stock. Here he has applied with energy and skill the lessons of his previous experience to such good purpose that his property has become one of the choice homes of his section of the county, beautiful in appearance, rich in productiveness, well supplied with good and ample buildings and creature comforts, furnished with water, and having a high value in the market. Mr. Mason was married in 1877, in the Chickasaw nation, Indian Territory, to Miss Parale Story, a native of Texas. They have one child living, their daughter, Stella, now the wife of Andrew Black, a respected citizen of the Bighorn basin. In all the essentials of good and useful citizenship, Mr. Mason has been faithful to duty, seeing in the utmost and wisest exertion of individual enter- prise, the best guaranty and means of general improvement, and, at the same time, omitting no effort on his part to aid in the support of worthy projects for the common advancement and ele- vation of his neighborhood and county. He is well esteemed as a representative man, having breadth of view and judicious energy in public affairs, and a generous and considerate regard for the rights, interests and feelings of others, in every phase of life and action. CHARLES D. MEEKS. Born and reared in Adair county, Missouri, of parents who were among the first settlers in that region, living since he left there in what is now Crook county, Wyoming, far from the great centers of population and the blandishments of artificial social life, Charles D. Meeks, now of Carlile, has passed almost his entire life on the frontier, and he has been rewarded by the strength of fiber, self-reliance, resolute manhood and readiness in action, physical and mental, be- gotten in such an experience. He was born on February 27, 1863.; in Adair county, Mo., the son of Andrew and Mary (Nicholas) Meeks, na- tives of Ohio, who came to Missouri in 1842 and tilled the virgin soil in that state through all the border troubles and the long Civil War, suffering many hardships and privations, witnessing the contests of rival opinions, and ultimately enjoy- ing the fruits of peaceful progress. The father was a leading citizen of his section, prosperous as a farmer, influential in the councils of the com- munity, an example in character and conduct, being well known throughout the northern part of the state. In 1878 he removed to South Da- kota, and, after a short time, from there to Wy- oming, his location being then in Laramie county, in the portion since segregated to constitute Crook. He homesteaded there, living for a time with his sons, and there he also conducted a sheep and cattle industry. In 1901 he bought a drugstore in Sundance, and has since conducted that, still holding ownership, however, to his land and cattle interests. Charles D. Meeks grew to manhood and was educated in his na- tive county, and, after leaving school, he was engaged in farming with his father on the home place for a few years, and later on his own ac- count. In 1880 he joined his father in Wyoming, where, in Crook county, he was united with him and the other sons in a cattle business. In 1884 C. D. Meeks took up land for himself on Kara Creek, twenty-five miles from Sundance, and there he planted his altar and located the hearth- stone around which his hopes have since grown and flourished, with unbroken success and pros- perity. He has thriven in business and risen to consequence in the good opinion of his fellow citizens, being one of the enterprising, wide- awake and far-seeing men of the county, intelli- gentlv contributing to its advancement, aiding to PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 877 guide its progress in the right direction. He also has land on Houston Creek and still owns his farm in Adair county, Mo. On Christmas day, 1893, he was united in marriage with Miss Lou- isa Richter, a native of Michigan and daughter of John Richter, a prominent farmer of that state. Her mother has been dead a number of years. The marriage occurred at Sundance, and was one of the social events of the holiday season of that year. Mr. and Mrs. Meeks have one child, their son, Andrew. In politics Mr. Meeks is a zealous and active working Democrat, al- ways deeply concerned for the welfare of his party and its candidates. JAMES G. MEGEATH. A public spirited young ranchman, possess- ing original and progressive ideas, whose suc- cess in mercantile and agricultural life has been the symmetrical result of his own sterling en- deavors, James G. Megeath, of the Smith's Fork district of Uinta county, Wyoming, where his fruitful ranch is located two miles north of the little village of Robertson, is well deserving of a place in this record of progressive men of the state. He was born at Crete, Neb., on Sep- tember 24, 1876, the centennial year of our his- tory, his parents being Thammi A. and Abby ( Yoder) Mageath, the father a native of Virginia of Scotch-Irish ancestry, the mother of Penn- sylvania of Dutch descent. The father, after the migration of the family to Nebraska, accumulat- ed a competency in merchandising, and is now living retired from active business operations, having been a man of prominence in his commun- ity, who has filled various public offices with great acceptability, among- them that of register of deeds in his county, which he held for a num- ber of years. His family contained these chil- dren : William C, now a merchant at Rock Springs, Wyo. ; James G. ; Theresa, died in Omaha, Neb., aged seven years ; Ernest Y. ; Mary E., who died in Omaha when two years old. After completing his course at the public schools in Nebraska, James G. Megeath was for three years engaged in merchandising at Hanna, Wyo., and after that for three years at Rock Springs, immediately following this en- terprise by the purchasing of the ranch on which he now resides on Smith's Fork, which his care- ful nurture has made one of the model places of the community. Here he is conducting a large and ever "increasing business in raising a fine strain of blooded cattle of superior grades, managing his affairs with rare capacity and dis- crimination. He owns 480 acres of land, prop- erly equipped with a commodious residence and suitable sheds, corrals and other accessories ne- cessary to meet the requirements of his herds. In politics he is not an active partisan and seeks neither the honors nor the emoluments of official station. Fraternally, he belongs to the Order of Elks, holding membership in the lodge at Rock Springs. By his marriage with Miss Alma H. Heder, a daughter of Gustavus and Charlotte (Bachman) Heder, of Smith's Fork, he has one child, Teresa. The ancestral history of the He- der family appears in the sketch of Gustavus Heder on other pages of this volume. Ernest Y. Megeath was born at Omaha, Neb., on March 18, 1882, and his education was con- tinued beyond the public schools in the All Hal- lows College at Salt Lake City, from which ex- cellent institution he duly graduated. His time and attention, since leaving school, have been given to assisting his brothers in their stores and on the ranches. He, like his brother, James G., is a gentleman of superior business capacity and good judgment, which coupled with his dis- criminating industry, are winning a gratifying success for him in the commercial world, while his pleasing social qualities have endeared him to a large circle of admiring friends. T. A. MEGEATH. In every part of the great West and in every important commercial, industrial, political or social sphere of activity the sons of the Old Do- minion are found in the front ranks, reflecting- credit on the state from which they sprung, and 878 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. adding to the wealth and dignity of the commun- ities where they have made their homes. T. A. Megeath, of Robertson, Wyoming, is one of this class since he was born in Loudoun county, Ya., on November 16, 1843, the son of Joseph P. and Elizabeth (Cockran) Megeath, also na- tives of Virginia, where the father was an act- ive and leading citizen, being a prosperous mer- chant and farmer, and for years the postmaster of Philomont. His parents, descendants of old Colonial families, were Gabriel and Martha (Ad- ams) Megeath. Mrs. Elizabeth (Cochran) Me- geath is of Scotch ancestry and was a daughter of the locally prominent Capt. James Cochran, of Yirgina, who was the commander of a com- pany of militia in the War of 1812, and gallantly led his forces to Washington to aid in the de- fense of the National capital when its safety was imperilled by a British squadron. Mr. T. A Megeath was the ninth of the ten children of his parents, seven of whom are now living. After his Virginia school days ended, in i860 he en- gaged in merchandising in Omaha, Neb., but, feeling the necessity of further education, he went to St. Louis in 1864 and for one year there gave diligent attention to studies at the college of the Christian Brothers. Then he commenced a life of intense business activity as a merchant, his operations in that field, and as a commercial traveler, extending over a period of many years, while in his itinerancy he was located in many places, notably Omaha, Fort Laramie, Fort Phil Kearney, North Platte, Crete and Friend, Neb.. Cheyenne, Wyo., Council Bluffs, Iowa, Chicago, 111., Baltimore, Md., his operations being in dry- goods, groceries, general merchandising, lumber and real-estate, while, for a period of six years, he held with great acceptability the position of register of Douglas county. Neb., for a portion of the time also being in the employ of the (J. S. government. In 1895 Mr. Megeath made his permanent residence in Wyoming, locating at Hopkins, now Sweetwater, where, for two years, he was engaged in a clerical capacity, then be- coming the manager of the store until September, [900, when, practically retiring from business life, he was made the candidate of the Demo- cratic party for state senator, and, after a close and very exciting political contest, the normal Republican majority of the county being 400. he was defeated by only about eighty votes, his personal popularity being so great as to almost secure him the office. His genial and pleasant ways and manners, his correct and methodical conducting of business and his broad and com- prehensive knowledge of human nature render him fully competent to capably fill any position in the gift of the people of his state and with credit to both himself and constituents. Fra- ternally, Mr. Megeath is connected with the Be- nevolent Protective Order of Elks. In Harris- burgh, Pa., on February 14, 1893, Mr. Megeath was united in matrimony with Miss Abbie R. Yoder, a native of Pennsylvania. Of their five children, three survive, William C, married with Alma Ramsey, is the popular manager of the Wyoming Mercantile Co., at Rock Springs ; James G. ; Theresa J., died in childhood; Ernest Y. ; Mary, deceased. GEORGE MERRILL. George Merrill, now of Meeteetse. Wyoming, is descended from old New England families whose American progenitors braved all of the dangers of frontier life in a new country, on the wild bleak coasts of the Atlantic ocean, just as he has done in the wilds of Wyoming, under more favorable circumstances, but without any diminution of the hazards or hardships. He came to the state in 1883, when the section in which he settled was as yet almost wholly unde- veloped, and the conveniences of life were prac- tically unattainable. And he has lived and la- bored here until the region is as productive of the fruits of civilization and systematic cultiva- tion, and as generous in its bounty to man, as any older portion of the country. Mr. Merrill was born in 1859, in the state of Massachusetts, the son of Amos and Deziah (Ellis) Merrill, the former being a native of Vermont and the latter of Maine. At the aare of seventeen, their son. PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 879 George, left home and made his way to Califor- nia, where he spent four years in various occupa- tions, then, in 1883, came to Wyoming, locating in the northern part of the state. For five years after his arrival he worked for the Embar Cattle Co., and, for the eleven next succeeding those, for Otto Franc. In 1899 he bought a part of the beautiful ranch of 600 acres, which he now owns and where he now lives, about five miles below Meeteetse on the Grey Bull River, where he also has, in connection therewith, some 3,000 acres of leased land. On tin's immense expanse he has herds of well-bred and carefully kept cattle, num- bering fully 700 head, all in prime condition. He gives to his business the benefit of every practical idea which he can gather from industri- ous reading of its literature, and from discriminat- ing observation of its needs and suggestions, and thereby keeps' its products up to a high standard of excellence, maintaining the excellent reputa- tion they have enjoyed throughout wide circles in the stock industry. In connection with local public affairs he is as zealous and active, as ju- dicious and enterprising, as he is in his private matters, leaving no project for the benefit of his community or county in want of his energetic support if his judgment approves it. The fra- ternal societies, which enlist the attention and awaken the enthusiasm of so many men, have never been particularly attractive to him, never- theless he is a serviceable member of the Modern Woodmen of America. On January 2, 1892, at Lander, he was united in marriage with Miss Mary Lannigan, a native of Wyoming. They have five children, Marguerite, Georgia, Mamie, Landis and Alberta. JOHN L. MERRILL. John L. Merrill, a prosperous and enterpris- ing stockgrower of Star Valley, and a popular hotel man of Afton, Wyoming, was born at Smithfield, Cache Valley, Utah, on November 17, 1867, his parents being Virgil W. and Stacia Ann (Lemmon) Merrill, early settlers in Utah, and the father, a leading farmer of his section of country, still lives in Cache Valley, in that State. The family consisted of seven children, five of whom are living. John received a public school education in his native state, and after leaving school, he followed the family vocation of farming there until 1891, when he came to Wyoming, to begin the same pursuit and the raising of cattle in Star Valley. In this indus- try he still has an interest, but, in 1902, with his brother, Philetus, he bought the Afton Hotel and the livery and feed stables attached. These combined industries, having since bought out his brother's interests, he is now conducting and making a marked success. The hotel has been raised in its standard and improved in its equip- ment, winning also corresponding gains in the public approval and popularity ; while the stables have every facility for their proper business and are rendering good service to a continually ex- panding volume of trade. Mr. Merrill is an in- dustrious, energetic and painstaking man, pro- gressive and pushing, seeking the best of every- thing for his patrons, omitting no effort on his part to satisfy every reasonable demand. He has the true business instinct and keeps his place in the procession of advancement, by* down-to- date methods all along the line. Having been born and reared in this western country, he has imbibed its restless and conquering spirit, and makes the attainment of one triumph but the stepping stone to the next. On May 20, 1892, in Idaho, he was married to Miss Eliza Lindsey, a native of Cache Valley, Utah, and daughter of Noah and Josephine (Coeford) Lindsey, of that region. Her father was a native of Ala- bama and her mother of Denmark. They were among the early settlers in the Mormon state, and have aided materially in its development. Mr. and Mrs. Merrill have had six children, one of whom, a daughter named Hazel, died in in- fancy. Those living are Orlando, Sibyl, John Lever, Florence and an infant. Mr. Merrill's career forcibly illustrates the varying conditions and the possibilities of life in America, especially in the far West, where no man's destiny or occu- pation can be predicted with certainty. Oppor- 88o PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. tunities are so numerous, and conditions change so rapidly, that the doctor, lawyer or farmer of today is likely to be something else tomorrow, and to succeed in any occupation to which he may turn his attention. HANS C. MILLER. A Danish-American citizen, who is doing a prosperous business as a cabinetmaker in the city of Laramie, Wyoming, Hans C. Miller was born in Denmark in 1852, the son of Andrew and Marie (Aghey) Miller, natives of that country. His father was born in 1810, and followed the occupation of carpentry and woodworking in his native land up to the time of his demise, which occurred in 1864. He was the son of Hans and Anna Miller, both natives of Denmark. The mother of the subject was born in 1820, and passed away in 1862, being the mother of five children. Hans C. Miller grew to manhood in his native country, and there received his early education in the public schools, and, upon the completion of his education, accepted employ- ment as an apprentice for the purpose of learning the trade* of cabinetmaking. He continued in this business in Denmark up to 1878, when he determined to seek his fortune in the New World beyond the sea, and, leaving the home of his childhood and early manhood, he set sail for America. Upon his arrival in this country, he proceeded to the state of Nebraska, where he purchased a farm, and engaged in both farming and stockgrowing for about eleven years with varying success. In 1889 he disposed of his farm and removed his residence to Wyoming, where he established his home at Laramie and engaged in his former occupation of cabinet- making. In this business he has met with con- siderable success and has gradually increased his enterprise from year to year, and is consid- ered as one of the progressive business men of that community. In 1878 he was united in mar- riage to Mi^s Annie Madson, a native of Den- mark, a daughter of Frank and Mary Madson, both natives of the same country, well known and respected. To their union were born nine chil- dren, Andrew, Christian, Frank, Egdius, Laven- ius, Mary, Tilly, John, Harry, Rosa and Anna, all of whom are living except Rosa and Anna, who passed away in early childhood. The moth- er passed away in 1898, at the age of thirty-eight years, and her body lies buried at Laramie City, Wyo. She was a good wife and mother, and her untimely death was a most serious affliction to Mr. Miller and his large family of children. They have, however, borne up bravely under the loss, and their noble conduct has won the respect of all who know them. Politically, Mr. Miller is a stanch member of the Democratic party, always deeply interested in the public welfare, believing it to be the duty of every good citizen, under our form of government, to interest himself in see- ing that the public business is conducted in a proper manner. He has never sought or desired political office, preferring to give his entire time and attention to the management of his private business interests. HENRY E. MILLER. Born not long before the opening of our Civil AVar, feeling yet the sting of its venom, which darkened his childhood and youth, and robbed him of his father, and, seeing since then, by actual residence and participation in local in- dustries in many portions of our country the gradual growth of harmony between the two for- merly contesting opponents, Henry E. Miller, of the Bighorn basin, Wyoming, realizes the value of a land united in feeling' and purpose and mov- ing with diversified utilities, but with a spirit of harmony, towards the full development and en- joyment of its greatness. He is a native of Xew York, where his life began on April 4, 1854. His parents were Joseph and Mary (Conner) Miller, also natives of New York. When he was two years old they removed to Pennsylvania, and, when he was ten. to Ohio. Soon after this re- moval his father was killed, in one of the later battles of the war. and his mother and her fam- ily returned to her native state. A few years PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 881 later they came to Wisconsin, and, after a short residence there, proceeded to Minnesota, in 1872 to Iowa, in 1874 to Valentine, Neb., where Henry was employed in railroad construction, and where he very prosperously lived until he came to Wyoming and located in the Bighorn basin, where he now resides. He had learned survey- ing, was soon busily engaged in helping to survey the county, and in 1901 located his present place, which comprises 160 acres, and has been highly improved, must of it reduced to systematic culti- vation. On this tract he has sixty horses, of good quality and breeds, and carries on an active stock and farming business. For four years he was profitably engaged in lumbering, in that line, as in other industries, doing much to develop and improve the country. His enterprise and pro- gressiveness are manifest by the improvement he has made of his own place, and by his close and serviceable interest 'in every project for. the ad- vancement and elevation of the community. He is modest and unostentatious with reference to both, leaving the results to speak for thdmselves. In fraternal relations he is allied with the Mod- ern Woodmen of America, and the order gets the benefit of his counsel and active service. ENOCH VENTER. The subject of this review was born at Ne- maha City, Nebraska, on September 13, 1845. His parents,. Gidney and Ann (Walton) Venter, were natives of England, who came to the United States in 1843, making their way at once to the far western frontier and there locating and pass- ing the residue of their lives. The mother died at Nebraska City, in 1859, and the father in 1900. having reached the advanced age of eighty-three years. Their family consisted of five children, four of whom are living. Enoch was educated in the public schools of Grand Rapids, Mich., and, on December 13, 1861, when he was but little over sixteen years of age, he enlisted in the Union army as a member of Co. H, Eighth Kansas Infantry. His term of service in this regiment expired on July 20, 1863, and he imme- diately reenlisted in Co. K, Tenth Tennessee In- fantry, the regiment which acted as a body- guard to Andrew Johnson, then the military gov- ernor of the state, and afterwards president of the United States. He participated in many hard- fought battles, among them those at Crab Orch- ard,. Murfreesboro, Chickamauga and Nashville, and was mustered out on July 3, 1865, soon there- after beginning freighting and stage-driving be- tween Nebraska City and Fort Laramie. In 1867 he came to Cheyenne and helped in the construction of the Union Pacific Railroad until winter, then drove stage for Frost & Hooker to the terminus of the road, and, the next spring, located at Coopers Lake, near Laramie, and hauled railroad ties for several months. The same year he began freighting to Salt Lake City, and, after wintering in Utah, traveled through that territory and into Idaho, where he leased a sawmill and conducted it during the summer. Following that employment, ,he teamed and farmed for three years in Utah, then returned to Idaho, and, locating in Marsh Valley, he there engaged in farming for four years. In 1876 he sold his Idaho possessions and removed to Mon- tana, where he was employed as the purchasing agent for Corey Bros., railroad contractors. Aft- er a time he returned to Idaho and was again a farmer for five years, and, in 1887, again came to Wyoming, settled in the valley near Afton, when but few residents were there, and began an industry in raising cattle and horses which he has followed to some extent ever since. The first shingles used on any building in this valley were put oh his own house by himself, and he also painted the first home in the valley that was dig- nified by this adornment, erecting also the first one built of patent rustic in the valley. His farm is located only one-half mile from the town of Afton, and is one of the mest and most attractive ranches in the neighborhood. It is improved with good buildings, well cultivated, showing on every hands the effects of judicious management and skillful husbandry. During the last seven years he has been engaged in a grocery and confection- ery trade at Afton, and, for the greater part of 882 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. that time, his farm has been leased to a careful, progressive tenant. In the local affairs of his community, Mr. Venter is deeply interested, and his influence and efforts are freely given in behalf of every good enterprise for its advancement. He is an ardent Republican in politics, being for ten or twelve years a member of the county central committee of his party. He has also served his people as constable, justice of the peace, deputy assessor, sheep inspector and postmaster. On July 6, 1869, at Salt Lake City, Utah, he married with Miss Nancy L. Wakeley, a native of Utah, and a daughter of John W. and Polly (Wood- land) Wakeley, who came to Utah in 1847. Her father was born in Canada, and her mother in Illinois. Six children were born to them, Mary R., who died at Afton,- leaving a husband. Ru- ins M. Rogers, and two children; her death oc- curring on January 10, 1900, when she was twen- ty-one years of age ; Alice A., who died in Idaho, aged six; Celia J., now the wife of Otto Ander- son, of Afton, and John G.. Enoch H. and Clar- ence D., all living at the paternal home. On Jan- uary 20, 1900, aged about forty-nine, Mrs. Ven- ter passed over the death river to the activities that know no weariness, leaving an enviable rec- ord as a devoted wife and mother, an obliging and considerate neighbor, a faithful friend and a most estimable and useful citizen. FRANK NICOL. This prominent stockman and pioneer of small-fruit culture in Wyoming, well deserves especial notice in this volume, for he has done much in the development and improvement of the industries of the state and is an active and public spirited individual, standing high among the ag- riculturists and cattlemen of the commonwealth. his beautiful estate, comprising 600 acres, lying on the Big Popo Agie River, in Fremont county, seven miles southwest of the flourishing town of Lander. He was horn in 1849 of Scotch and English ancestry, in Indiana, a son of William and Harriet (Cady) Nicol, his paternal grand- parents, Matthew and Abigail (Ball) Nicol, be- ing natives of New Jersey, where the families had resided from the Colonial period. Harriet Cady was a daughter of Daniel and Mamre (Moore) Cady, natives of England and Scotland, while Seth Moore, the father of Mamre, was a veteran of the War of the Revolution, which he long sur- vived. William Cady and his wife were both born in Ohio, where he for a time worked at his trade of carpentry, thence removing to Indiana, then to Michigan, and thereafter to Iowa, where he died in 1891. Frank Nicol is one of the four surviving children of his parents' family of eight, and received the educational advantages obtain- abie in the public schools of Michigan. Early in life, however, engaging in practical farming, he continued this in Michigan, Iowa and Minne- sota through the years of his youth and early manhood, becoming thoroughly well-versed in both theory and practice, in general farming and in fruitraising, thus being well prepared and qualified for the excellent work in these lines which he has accomplished during- his residence in the West. In 1881 Mr. Nicol came to Fre- mont county, Wyo., and located on his present home ranch, to which he has since added 600 acres of valuable land lying immediately along the bank of the Big Popo Agie River, the same showing remarkable results arising from the in- telligent development, systematic improvement and cultivation bestowed upon it by its wise owner. Probably no property in the whole state can show such an exhibit in fruit culture as Mr. Nicol has here produced. He has a fine and well-established young orchard, well coming into bearing, with a large number of small fruits, and fully an acre of berries, which produces a greater annual yield than is raised by any other three men of the state. He has proven himself to be a public benefactor, in thus demonstrating the won- derful capabilities of the soil and climate of Wyo- ming in the production of fruit, while, in many other ways and in different directions, he has shown his great public spirit and his interest in the welfare of the community and the common- wealth. He is a strong supporter of the princi- ples enunciated by his political party, and heart- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 883 ily supports its candidates at the polls, being a man of intelligent thought, standing high in the estimation of the better portion of the people of his section. In his extensive cattle interests, Mr. Nicol is raising horses of an excellent strain and has a fine herd of graded Shorthorn and Jersey cattle, being prospered in his undertakings, year by year adding to his wealth and importance. At Casper Wyo., on June 15, 1892, Mr. Nicol and Miss Jane McBride were united in marriage. The bride was a native of Illinois and a daughter of William A. and Margaret (Fenton) McBride, the father, an intelligent farmer, being the son of George and Jane (Blaine) McBride, and born in Pennsylvania, Margaret (Fenton) McBride having her nativity in Scotland. Three children have come to crown their life's happiness, Gladys G, Mabel M., and William. SOLOMON V. MOODY. An enterprising and prosperous farmer, who owns 160 acres of arable land, three and one-half miles northeast of Wheatland, in Laramie county, Wyoming, Solomon V. Moody, was born in Wayne county, Mich., on September 16, 1854, a son of Hill and Catherine (Wightman) Moody, the former of whom, a native of Ireland, was a farmer by calling and came to America in 1813, and died in Wayne county, Mich., in February, 1889; the mother was born in Michigan, there passed all of her life, and died in September, 1897. The remains of both parents were interred in Genesee county, Mich., where they rest in peace, side by side, after having lived in the coun- ty since 1871, mutually sharing together the joys and sorrows, the toils and pleasures of their happy domestic life. Young Solomon V. Moody was educated in the public schools of his native town- ship, and, when not attending school, assisted in the cultivation of the home farm until he was twenty-one years old, when he went to Newton county, Ind., and for two years hired out as a farm hand. He then returned to Michigan and worked in the lumber district for three years, aft- er which he again engaged in farming in Genesee county, that state, until 1887, when he went to Colorado and located near Greeley, in Weld coun- ty, and was a farmer there for some time. He then farmed in Morgan county four years, and, in 1894, came to Wyoming, and bought his pres- ent place, near Wheatland, which estate he has now under a high state of cultivation and has im- proved with all modern appliances and conveni- ences. Mr. Moody has been twice married, first, in Genesee county, Mich., to Betta iMaghan, who died on August 21, 1883. The second marriage of Mr. Moody took place on March 18, 1885, in Genesee county, Lizzie Leader, a native of Mich- igan and a daughter of John and Julia (Duby) Leader, then being the bride. There have been born to this union five children, Clarida B., Hazel A., Esther, DeBella and Dee L. Fraternal- ly, Mr. Moody is a Modern Woodman of the World, a member of Camp No. 330, of Wheat- land. Formerly, Mr. Moody was engaged in the feed and coal business in Greeley, Colo., doing a profitable trade, but was obliged to relinquish it, on account of ill-heakh in his family, and to seek the more invigorating atmosphere of the farm. He is well pleased with the change, and, although the labor of the farm is arduous, the returns, financially, are satisfactory. Besides this, his life is more independent than it was when he was engaged in mercantile trade, for Mother Earth is ever bountiful and never fails to reward those of her children who diligently labor to win her favors by honest toil. Mr. Moody has won the esteem of his neighbors by his upright walk and his habits of industry. He is also, as an agricul- turist, progressive, being down-to-date in all of his methods and operations. LEE NANSELL. From the teeming millions of Ohio's resource- ful and energetic population have come out, to all parts of the unsettled West, great numbers of thrifty, enterprising citizens, who have given their resources, their brain, their brawn and dili- gent and skillful labor, to make it civilized and prosperous. Among the number must be placed 884 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. in a position of respectable prominence, Lee Nansell, one of the best-known and most highly esteemed stockmen and fanners of Bighorn coun- ty, Wyoming. He resides near Bonanza, on a fine farm of 160 acres, on which he has a herd of 250 cattle, of superior breeds and excellent quality. He is a pioneer of 1867 in Wyoming, and has been among the most zealous and indus- trious of the builders and makers of his portion of the state. He was born on January 28, 1850, the son of Jacob and Mary Nansell, Germans by nativity, emigrants to the United States soon after their marriage. They settled in Ohio, where their son, Lee, was reared and educated, remain- ing at home until he was eighteen years old, when, in 1867, he crossed the plains to Denver, Colo., and, after a short residence in that city, came -to Cheyenne, Wyo., and there, for two years engaged in furnishing ties for the railroad. For a number of the years thereafter following, he rode the range as a cowboy, and then was the stock inspector for the territory for two years. In 1885 he came to the Bighorn basin, locating where he now lives, on Paint Rock Creek. His farm is well-improved, with good buildings, and is in a high state of cultivation, as to such parts as are farmed. It is one of the valuable and de- sirable places of this section of the county, show- ing in every way the fruits of his skill and in- dustry. He also owns valuable property in Basin and elsewhere. Mr. Nansell was married in Big- horn county, in April, 1901, to Miss Mabel Daw- son, a native of California. He has been long in the county, and he has been prominently identi- fied with its affairs, in both a public and a private way, for he was a member of its first board of county commissioners, helped to place the new- political creation on its feet and start it forward on its career of progress and development. In all matters pertaining to the improvement and elevation of bis neighborhood, and the advance- ment of the county in general, he has been promi- nent and potential. In his early life here he saw many dangers and had many thrilling experiences in fighting with wild beasts and savage Indians. l]c also suffered the usual lot of pioneers, when people were few, and it was far between them, and the conveniences of life scanty and crude. Yet, like the rest, he was ready and resourceful, full of energy and determination, fitted for any toil or for any emergency; and, like the rest of the company of gallant heroes, he has given his full share of time and labor to establishing, de- veloping, civilizing and improving the state in which he lives and on which his patriotic affec- tions are firmly fixed. JOHN W. MILLER. A well-to-do stockman, of Laramie, Albany county, Wyoming, is the subject of this brief sketch, John W. Miller, a native of the state of Illinois, and born in Mercer county, in 1847, the son of Nicholas and Mary (Dennison) Miller. His father followed blacksmithing and wagon- making in Illinois, and also passed some time in the practice of medicine. In 1851, he removed his residence from Illinois to the territory of Ore- gon, where he settled' in Lynn county, and en- gaged in farming, in which he continued up to the time of his death. The mother passed away during the infancy of her son, John W. Miller, who grew to man's estate and received his early education in the public schools of Lynn county. Ore., although his opportunities for acquiring an education were limited. Leaving home at the early age of eighteen years, for the purpose of acquiring a practical knowledge of the live stock business, and, also, with a view to making his own way in the world, he followed the life of a frontiersman on the plains of Oregon, Washing- ton, Colorado and Wyoming, for many years, during this time, being engaged in riding the range, working on ranches, mining, fighting In- dians, and in other occupations. He had a varied and interesting career, with many exciting experi- ences, especially during those times when the Indians were hostile, and he had many skirmishes with them. He is a thorough plainsman, inured to the hardships of life on the frontier, and has learned by actual experience all the details of the ranch and live stock business, in which he is PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 885 now successfully engaged. He was united in marriage with Miss Sarah Degraff, a native of Illinois, their marriage being celebrated in that state. To their union one child was born, Charles W., who is residing with his parents. After his varied experience in early life, Mr. Mil- ler has settled down as one of the steady, thorough-going, substantial ranch and stockmen of his section of the state. He is succeeding in business, and he finds that his early life on the plains, combined with his knowledge of the live- stock industry, acquired while a rider on the range, is now of the utmost value to him. He is a highly respected citizen of the community. HENRY NIETFELDT. Inheriting the sterling traits of honesty and industry, as well as many of the admirable quali- ties of head and heart, for which the German peo- ple have always been celebrated, the subject of this sketch has been a factor of much consequence in developing the material interests of the part of Laramie county in which he lives. Henry Niet- feldt was born in Hanover, Germany, on August 2J, i860, the son of Frederick and Dora (Hurst- man) Nietfeldt. The father, a farmer by occupa- tion, spent all of his life in Germany, dying in Hanover in 1870. The mother subsequently came to the United States, and departed this life, near Fort Laramie, Wyoming, on July 17, 1901. Henry Nietfeldt remained at the home of his youth until his fourteenth year, and received a fair education in the common schools of his na- tive place. He was reared to an agricultural life, and, at the above age, left the parental roof, from which time until he was nearly twenty years old, he worked as a farm laborer near the home of his birth. In 1880 Mr. Nietfeldt, following his example of many of his countrymen, concluded to seek his fortune in America, and, accordingly, he set sail, and, in due season, reached the United States. Proceeding westward as far as Grand Island, Neb., he hired out to a farmer, and, dur- ing the ensuing two years, worked in the vicin- ity of that city, carefully husbanding his earnings, with the intention of going into some kind of business for himself. Actuated by this laudable ambition, he came to Wyoming', in 1882 and, taking' up land on the Laramie River, six miles west of Fort Laramie, he turned his attention to cattleraising. After remaining in that locality un- til the spring of 1890, Mr. Nietfeldt sold his ranch and returned to Nebraska, where he rented a farm, and, for five years thereafter, carried on agricultural pursuits with a large measure of suc- cess. Coming back to Wyoming in 1895, he lo- cated on a ranch one and one-half miles west of the Fort, which his mother had previously en- tered, but which, meantime, had come into his possession by purchase, and, at once, addressed himself to the task of its improvement. It was found impossible to cultivate the land without ir- rigation, or use it successfully for grazing pur- poses, but, with water, the place held out abun- dant inducements both for farming and stockrais- ing. To supply this need, Mr. Nietfeldt inau- gurated a system of irrigation, the largest indi- vidual enterprise ever undertaken in this section of the state. He projected a ditch, three and one-half miles long and of ample width, to the nearest water, and, by much hard and long, con- secutive labor, he finally completed the enterprise. His reward was an abundant supply of water, much more than sufficient to reclaim and make productive his own land, consequently a number of other parties have greatly profited by the en- terprise. Since the completion of this ditch, Mr. Nietfeldt has brought his place into a high state of tillage, now having one of the most valuable ranches of its size in the district in which it is situated. He has spared neither labor nor pains in its improvement, and, by well-directed indus- try, he has converted a comparatively barren waste into a beautiful and attractive home, where peace, prosperity and plenty abound. In addition to general farming and haying, both of which he carries on quite extensively, Mr. Nietfeldt has met with gratifying success as a raiser of live stock. On his 200 acres of land may be seen a number of cattle and horses, all of good grade and under prime condition, the rich herbage of 886 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. the place being peculiarly adapted for fattening and imparting strength and endurance. Mr. Niet- feldt was married at North Platte, Neb., in July, 1890, to Miss Dora Buchholtz, of Germany, who bore him one child, Fritz. Twice has the angel of death entered the home of the subject, the first time on December 31, 1901, when little Fritz, at the age of eight years, was taken away, again on May 18, 1903, at which time the devoted wife, and loving, but bereaved, mother, went to join her child in the land where partings are no more, and where tears are forever wiped away. Mr. Niet- feldt felt these losses keenly, but, with a courage which will not permit him to be cast down, he resolutely faces the future, determined so to live, that, when the time comes for him to exchange mortality for immortality, he may be cheered by the thought of a reunion with the loved, but not lost, under happier conditions than the earthly life affords. Mr. Nietfeldt is one of the enter- prising and progressive men of the community in which he lives, and for the improvement of which he deserves much credit, and he occupies a promi- nent place in the esteem of his neighbors. WILLIAM NILAND. This reliable and well-known division fore- man on the Union Pacific Railroad, who has his residence at Rawlins, Carbon county, Wyoming, was born in West Virginia, in 1858, and is a son of Patrick and Mary (McNernay) Niland. Both parents were born and they were married in Ireland, whence they emigrated to West Virginia, where the father followed railroad work until his death, which occurred in 1888, at the age of sixty- two years, that of his wife occurring also in the same year, and at the same age. William Niland passed his boyhood and early manhood in West Virginia, and there, also, he learned the machin- ist's trade. He worked in Grafton for five years and then in Piedmont seven years, then went to Little Rock, Ark., where he lived for two years, and then came to Wyoming, in 1882, and lived in Cheyenne for one year. He thereafter came to Rawlins, and here filled the position of shop foreman for seven years. He was then trans- ferred to Cheyenne to act as division foreman, and there did effectual duty for a year and a half, being then brought back to Rawlins to assume the duties of division foreman at this place. This position he still holds, but, in the meantime, he has given considerable attention to sheepraising, in which he has met with flattering success. Mr. Niland was united in marriage, in 1884, with Miss Lizzie Hurton, a native of Pennsylvania and a daughter of James and Mary Hurton. This lady, however, was called away about three years ago, leaving behind a sorrowing husband and four children, and all but Marguerite are still living, namely, William, Patrick J., and Lizzie. Mr. Niland is a Republican in his political faith, but, while he works earnestly for and with his party, he never seeks office nor any other public emolument. Fraternally, he is a charter member of the Rawlins Lodge, No. 609, Benevolent Pro- tective Order of Elks, and is a genial, whole- souled gentleman. He does his full duty as a citizen, but is never officious nor fault-finding about public affairs. His services as a foreman are full)- appreciated by his employers, and his standing before the public is an enviable one. Just in the prime of life, he has before him many years in which to exercise his usefulness and to rear his children in "the way they should go." As Mr. Niland was born and reared in a moun- tainous and rugged country, his constitution, physical, and mental, has been imbued with a vigor, which pure air alone can impart. He manifests this fact in every action, as his step is quick and springy, his limbs strong, muscular and sinewy, his perceptive faculties keen. JOHN O'BRIEN. One of the most active and energetic cattle- men in Laramie county, Wyoming, is John O'Brien, who was born on September 25. 1864. in Albany county, N. Y.. a son of John D. and Annie T. (Shay) O'Brien, natives of Ireland. John D. O'Brien came to America when a young man, and. for a number of years, was a traveling: PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 887 salesman by occupation. In 1856 he enlisted in the regular army of the United States, and was a member of the Fourth Infantry the greater part of the twenty-four years he was in the service. He was stationed at different forts, all over the western states, and, consequently took part in many a bloody battle with the hostile Indians. In 1868 he came to Wyoming, and was first sta- tioned here at Fort Fetterman, and later at Fort Laramie, and, at the latter place, was drum-ma- jor for twenty-one years. In 1880 he quit the service and settled on his present ranch, near Fet- terman, where he has since been engaged in stock- raising, excepting the time he was in the Spanish- American War, in which he served as the cap- tain of Co. F, of the Wyoming Infantry. John O'Brien, the gentleman whose name stands at the head of this biographical notice, received his education while at home with his father, for whom he worked about six months each year on the ranch, riding the range the remaining six months, until he was thirty years of age. In 1894, he took up a ranch of his own, on Deer Creek, and engaged in the cattle business for four years. In 1898, he sold his ranch and en- tered the employ of the purchasers, and for four years ran it for one of the largest cattle outfits in Wyoming. In the fall of 1901, Mr. O'Brien came to the section of the country in which he now ' lives, and took charge of the company's inter- ests here. He now has his home on its well- known ranch on the Laramie River, three miles east of Uva, which ranch is considered one of the most important in the valley. Mr. 'O'Brien was first married in November, 1892, at Douglas, Wyo., with Miss Maggie M. Devoe, a native of Kansas, and to this union was born one child, Elsie, * whose mother was called from earth on May 22, 1895, and was buried in Glenrock. Aft- er nearly six years of singleness, Mr. O'Brien married, on October 8, 1901, at Douglas, Lillian Lockett, a native of Wyoming. Her father, John, is an old-time stockman and lives in Con- verse county, near Glenrock. Fraternally, Mr. O'Brien is a member of Glenrock Lodge, No. 24, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and of the Rebecca Lodge, and also is a Modern Woodman of the World, belonging to Camp No. 6101, of Glenrock. As a citizen, he is wide-awake and progressive, favors all public improvements, the cost of which does not too seriously burden the taxpayers, and, as a business man, he has but few peers in the county. WILLIAM H. O'DONNELL. This typical western man and prince of good fellows is widely and favorably known through- out Wyoming, and, during his long residence in Sweetwater county, he has been very closely iden- tified with its political history and its material development. As the name indicates, our Mr. O'Donnell comes of Irish ancestry, although he was born and reared in the United States. His father, John O'Donnell, was a native of Ireland, born in 1830. When a lad of sixteen he came to America and, for some time thereafter, he worked at farm labor in the state of New Jersey, subsequently moving to Illinois, still later to Kan- sas, where at the breaking out of the great Civil War, he joined one of the regiments of that state, with which he bore the part of a brave and gallant soldier until the close of the struggle. After the war he resumed agricultural pursuits in Kansas, but in 1868 he came to Wyoming and engaged in railroad work at Laramie, operating between that place and Bear Town, now Green River. Later he disposed of his interests in Wyoming and moved to Nebraska, where he lives at the present writing. Ellen O'Conner, who became the wife of John O'Donnell, was also a native of the Emerald Isle. She departed this life when her son, William H., was about nine years old and lies buried in Kansas. William H. O'Donnell first saw the light of day in Mil- waukee, Wis., and dates his birth from 1851. Reared in the country, he early became accus- tomed to the varied duties of agriculture, and, from the age of twelve until seventeen, he worked at farm labor in different states. Owing to his mother's death he started for himself when quite young and, from his thirteenth year to the PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. present time, he has practically made his own way in the world. The year of 1868 marked the beginning of Mr. O'Donnell's career as a western man, for then he came to Wyoming, stopping first at Salt Wells, thence, in succession, going to Point of Rocks and Piedmont, remaining but a brief time at each place. During the Sweet- water excitement of 1869 he drove stage from Point of Rocks to South Pass, and in the year following he engaged in railroad work, which he continued about eighteen months. Severing his connection with the road, he accepted a clerk- ship with the Wyoming Coal & Mining Co., and, after eighteen months of service in that capacity, he went to Nebraska to engage in agricultural pursuits. Mr. O'Donnell's experience as a farmer was of short duration, on account of the grass- hoppers, which effectually destroyed his first crop. Returning to Wyoming, he accepted a position in the coal department of the Union Pa- cific Railroad, and, after remaining with the com- pany until 1884, he resigned his place for the purpose of entering the employ of the Beckwith Commercial Co., at Rock Springs. He served as foreman of the latter house about one year and then engaged in business for himself, opening a meat market in the above town, which he ran, with satisfactory financial results, for about the same length of time, then selling out in 1886, he practically retired from active life, but since that date he has looked after his private interests, and attended to the duties of the various official sta- tions to which his fellow citizens have called him. For a number of years he has been an active poli- tician, a leader of the Republican party in the county of Sweetwater. He served one term as a county assessor, and, for seven years, was a member of the board of county commissioners, one of the most important offices within the gift of the people. As a public servant, he discharged his duties ably and faithfully, his record being untainted by the faintest suspicion of anything dishonorable. He has always manifested a lively interest in public affairs, and few, if any, enter- prises tending to the material improvement of the county, or the development of its resources, but have had his influence, and, if need be, his financial support. He is one of the leading spir- its of Rock Springs, a friend of the masses, an earnest advocate and a liberal patron of all meas- ures for the amelioration of distress among the poor and unfortunate. He is a fine specimen of the generous, energetic and progressive western men of today, being well read on many subjects, he keeps in close touch with the trend of current events, and enjoys the confidence and esteem of all classes of his fellow citizens. By reason of his >fine social qualities, his society is much sought after and in every company his sprightly conversation and rare fund of pleasing anecdotes make him the very embodiment of good fellow- ship. In 1870 Mr. O'Donnell was united in marriage to Miss Mary Tobin, a daughter of James and Mary (Ryan) Tobin, of Ireland, a union blessed with eight children, Mary E., Ro- sanha, Lyda H., Ida M., John W., Hattie M., Nettie E. and Charles F. CHARLES O'NEALL. Charles O'Neall, now of Rome, Bighorn county, Wyoming, the senior member of the firm of O'Neall & Bull, leading merchants and stock- men, is one of those resolute and resourceful men, who neither find nor inherit, but hew out their opportunities, from whatever substance destiny flings before them. No danger daunts, no diffi- culty deters, no toil intimidates them; nothing turns them from their purpose of securing su- premacy among men in the line for which nature has qualified them. He was born in Wisconsin on December 27, 1856. His father, Robert E. O'Neall, died previous to his birth, and his moth- er two weeks after she had brought him into be- ing. He was reared by an older sister, who took him with her family to Iowa when he was but eighteen months old, and in that state he grew to the age of twenty years. No favors of fortune were bestowed on him during his childhood and youth, for although his sister did the best she could for him, her own circumstances were such as to preclude from her bounty more than the PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 889 mere necessaries of life. He attended school at times, and as he grew toward manhood worked at whatever he could get to do, and when he was ready to start in life for himself, with his best endeavors, he found himself in a poverty so abject that he was without shoes. He worked hard, however, by his diligence obtained a start, and, in 1876, when he was twenty years old, he came to Reno, Nevada, and was there employed for some time in herding dairy cows. From there he went to Otoe county, Neb., and fed cattle for three years. He then made a trip to Florida, re- turning to Nebraska and settling in Wheeler county, where he engaged in farming until 1889, when he came to Wyoming and opened a com- bined hardware and furniture store at Casper, in what is now Natrona county. In 1899 he sold his plant at Casper and removed to the place where he now lives, and in partnership with Frank Bull started the business enterprises that now engage him, which are both a prosperous and expand- ing stock industry and a merchandising establish- ment of large proportions and active trade. The ranch, on which the stock business is conducted, comprises 380 acres of excellent land, beautifully located and well adapted to its purposes, im- proved with good buildings and furnished with a complete supply of every appliance of the most approved pattern, while the mercantile enter- prise is one of the most highly esteemed com- mercial features of this section of the county. Like their herd of 250 cattle, their stock in the store is well selected and carefully looked after, and, knowing by careful observation the wants of the community as they do, they are able to meet them fully and save the necessity of allowing any one to go elsewhere for the ordinary com- modities of every-day life. Mr. O'Neall is a member of the Masonic order and takes an active interest in the proceedings of his lodge. He was married, at Neely, Neb., on January 10, 1887, to Miss Edna M. True, a native of Iowa. Wher- ever he has lived Mr. O'Neall has impressed his fellows with his enterprise and resolute spirit. Adventitious circumstances have not made him a debtor for any part of his prosperity; on the contrary he has dominated circumstances, and made them yield obedience to his commands and give up to his mastery their hidden opportun- ities, no matter how obdurate they seemed or how unfruitful. He has been essentially the ar- chitect of his own fortune, and well and wisely has he built it. In every work of charity and benefaction, and in every social function of value, himself and wife are known and welcomed as potent and useful factors. W. H. PACKARD. Ten years ago, in June, 1893, W. H. Pack- and came to Wyoming from his native state of Utah, where he was born on August 12, 1851, the. son of Orrin and Matilda Stowell, natives of New York and emigrants to the Mormon state in 1850, and since his arrival he has been busily en- gaged in helping to build up the state and es- pecially the portion in which he cast his lot. When he was nine days old his mother died, and, when he was two years old, he also lost his father by death. Thus doubly orphaned in infancy, life promised naught for him, except what he could win from its hard conditions by his own diligence and capacity, and his gains in the race for supremacy among men have been made through these channels. He was reared and educated by an uncle until he was able to go to a trade, being then apprenticed to a car- penter. After completing his apprenticeship, he worked at his trade until 1893 m n ^ s na -tive state, then came to Wyoming and took up a homestead in the Bighorn ba^in, where he still resides, and on which he carries on a vigorous and well-man- aged stock and farming business, having also a large and busy apiary, which is one of the industrial institutions of his neighborhood. He ■ came to his homestead when it was without wa- ter, and was obliged to undergo all the inconven- ience and expense of irrigating his land, as did many others, by his own private enterprise. Though the work was slow and the expense great, he resolutely persevered, and now has the results of his faith and persistency, in a well- 890 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. improved and highly fertile tract of 160 acres of excellent land. He has also taken as great an interest in public improvements, as in the de- velopment of his own property, and was of great service as a contractor in building the Taluco branch of the incoming railroad. From 1899 to 1902 he was engaged in merchandising at Bur- lington, and in the year last named sold out his store and returned to his farm. In the church to which he has been loyal and devoted from childhood, he has been conspicuous for leader- ship, and for valued services in almost every ca- pacity. He was the first bishop of the Woodbury stake, and is now a high priest and a member of the high council. The affairs of the organiza- tion have prospered under his management, and the impulse given to their activities by his zeal and force of character has ever been potential for good to their every interest. In 1873, in Utah, he was married to Miss Cynthia Perry, a native of that state. They have had thirteen children, Orrin, Ramanza, Nettie and Perry, deceased, and Amasa, Dudley, Matilda, Alice, Louis, Clara, Forrest, Martha, Owen living. One living son, Forrest, is the oldest Mormon boy living who was born in the Bighorn stake of Wyoming. As an evidence of his enterprise and public spirit, it should be narrated that Mr. Packard was the secretary of the first irrigating company that built a canal in this part of the state, and, by his energy and force in conducting the affairs of that office, he was serviceable in the stimulation of activity in the construction of several similar works of utility to the county. WILLIAM H. PADGETT. A very active, and in many respects success- ful, business career characterizes the history of the gentleman whose brief biography is herewith presented. Born in a western state, reared un- der conditions favorable to sturdy physical and mental development, he has profited by his var- ied experiences, and is, today, a notable repre- sentative of that class to whom, more than to any other, the great West is indebted for the meas- ure of prosperity it enjoys. William H. Padgett is a native of Iowa, born on September 22, 1851, in the county of Mahaska. Newton and Cather- ine Liter Padgett, his parents, were born, reared and married in Bourbon county, Kentucky, and there lived until 1847, when they migrated to Mahaska county, Iowa, where the father engaged in agricultural pursuits. He remained in the latter state the remainder of his life, dying in the month of May, 1874. His widow survived him until May, 1900, when she, too, entered into rest, departing this life on the old farm in Ma- haska county. William H. Padgett was reared as are the majority of lads who grow and develop in the country, and, while still young, became accustomed to the various implements used iff agricultural labor. During the winter seasons, he attended the public schools and acquired an education, which although by no' means as com- plete as that obtained by students under more favorable conditions, has served well as a basis for a very active business life. For a number of years previous to his death, his father had been a great sufferer, and, consequently, the man- agement, and much of the work of the farm fell to young William, who assumed the responsibilty with a manly spirit, discharging his duties as became a true and loyal sun. He continued to cultivate the place after the death of his father until 1876, at which time he turned it over to oth- er hands and came to Wyoming, locating at Cheyenne, where he remained, variously em- ployed for about three months. At the expiration of that period, he went to Denver, Colo., where he stayed about the same length of time, thence returning to Cheyenne in the spring of 1877 an d entering the employ of Charles McEwen as a freighter. During the three years following, Mr. Padgett ran a freighting outfit to Western Ne- braska, the Black Hills and to other points. At the expiration of that time he purchased his employ- ers' interests, continuing the business upon his own responsibility until 1882, when he sold out at Buffalo, Wyo.. and engaged in merchandising at Rock Creek. After spending three years at that place he disposed of his stock and embarked PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 891 in the live stock business, which he carried on until about the year 1888, running cattle on the Laramie River, meeting with encouraging financial rewards. Then, disposing of his live stock, Mr. Padgett was out of business for sever- al years, spending the greater part of the interim between 1889 and 1899 in traveling over Wyo- ming, the Black Hills and various other parts of the West. In the latter year he took up his present ranch, located about thirty miles from Wheatland, on Halleck Creek, between the Blue Grass and Sybylle, and again engaged in stock- raising, which he has since continued with high- ly gratifying results, devoting his attention to cattle and horses. He has gradually enlarged the volume of his business and has also made many substantial improvements on his ranch, until today he stands in the front rank of the state's successful stockmen. His ranch is large, well-located, admirably adapted to the purpose for which it is used, increasing in value with each recurring year. Mr. Padgett was called to his old home in Iowa in 1900 by the serious ill- ness of his mother, and reached the place in time to close .the eyes of his best earthly friend in the last long sleep, from which there is no waking on this side of Death's mystical river. After the obsequies he returned to Wyoming, and, from that time to the present, has remained on his ranch, giving close and careful attention to his large and continually increasing inter- ests. In 1875 Mr. Padgett and Miss Josephine Ruple, of New Jersey, a daughter of Jonathan and Erne (Hardy) Ruple, were united in mar- riage, the ceremony being solemnized in the city of Oskaloosa, Iowa. The parents of Mrs. Pad- gett were natives of New York, the father being a millwright by trade. He was a very skillful workman and worked for a number of years in Iowa, making and adjusting the machinery for many of the largest flouring mills in that state. His death took place at Oskaloosa, in which city the widow still lives, having reached the ripe old age of eighty-three years. Mr. and Mrs. Padgett have one child, a daughter, Georgine. In addi- tion to the cattle industry, Mr. Padgett has var- ious mining interests in different parts of Albany county, some of which promise rich results when properly developed. He expects ere long to give especial attention to this property, and doubtless will realize large returns for the time and labor there employed. He is a man of energy and de- termination, calculates well the end from the beginning, and seldom addresses himself to a project of any kind without carrying it to a suc- cessful issue. Public spirited and interested in the welfare of his county and his state, he gives his support to enterprises tending to their mater- ial and industrial development. He is an excel- lent neighbor, a loyal friend and discharges the duties of citizenship with the best interests of the public in view. ROBERT PAHLOW. A thrifty and prosperous German-American citizen of Albany county, Wyoming, is the sub- ject of this sketch, Robert Pahlow, a resident of the city of Laramie, in that county. A native of Germany, he was born in the year of 185 1, and is the son of Christ and Caroline Pahlow, both natives of that country. His father follpwed the occupation of farming in his native country, and remained there engaged in that pursuit, up to the time of his decease, in 1900, at the age of seventy years. The subject of this brief sketch grew to man's estate in the Fatherland, and re- ceived his" early education in the public schools of that country. In the year of 1880, he determ- ined to seek his fortune in the New World be- yond the sea, and leaving the home of his child- hood, he set forth with his family for America. Coming at once to the city of Laramie, in the then territory of Wyoming, he secured employ- ment in the rolling mill located at that place, and remained in that vocation busily engaged up to the year 1892. He then resigned this position and located on a ranch, situated about ten miles southwest of Laramie City, Wyo., where he has since that time been successfully engaged in the business of general ranching and stockraising. By his industry,. perseverance and his good man- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. agement he has gradually built up a valuable property from small beginnings, and he is con- stantly increasing his property holdings, both of land and live stock, from year to year. Bringing from his native Fatherland all of the habits of thrift and frugality so characteristic of the German race, he has steadily made his way in the business world, and is now ranked as one of the substantial and prosperous citizens of Albany county. In the year of 1876, while still a resident of Germany, he was united in the bonds of wedlock with Wilhelmina Mayher, a native of that country, and the daughter of Fred- erick and Sophia Mayher, both natives of the Fatherland. To the union of this worthy couple five children have been born, Paul, Otto, Alice, Mamie and Ollie, all of whom are still living. The family home is one noted for its comforts, and, in a high measure for the homely and gen- erous hospitality, which is there dispensed to a large circle of friends. The family are highlv respected residents of the community where they maintain their home, and Mr. Pahlow is one of the most valued citizens of his section. JACOB W. PAYTON. Among the more prominent and progressive of the younger class of stockmen of Wyoming, is Jacob W. Payton, a resident of Hecla, in that state. He is a native of the town of Knoxville, county of Marion, in the state of Iowa, where he was born on October 24, 1865, the son of Joseph and Margaret (Burns) Payton, the for- mer being a native of the state of Ohio and the latter of Michigan. His parents early in 1853, emigrated from the state of Ohio to Marion county, Iowa, where they engaged in the business of farming, in which they continued up to the time of the father's death, which occurred in J 887 and where his burial occurred at Wright's Center, in Marion county. The mother passed away in the month of May, 1900, her remains now reposing in North Dakota. Jacob W. Pay- ton, the subject of this review, grew to manhood and received his early education in Marion coun- ty, Iowa, where he remained at home with his parents until she had arrived at the age of nine- teen years. Desiring to begin life for himself, and to make his own way in the world, he left home in the spring of 1885 and came to York county, Neb. Here he engaged in farming and continued in that business there until the month of December of the following year. He then disposed of his interests in Nebraska, returned to his old home in Marion county, and there en- tered into a partnership with his father in the farming and stockraising business. Here he continued until 1891, when he rented the Marion county farm and went again to York county, Neb. Remaining here only a few months he came in August, 1891, to the city of Cheyenne, Wyo., where he secured a large hauling contract on the Union Pacific Railroad, which continued until July of the following year. In October, 1892, he accepted a position as foreman of a large sheep ranch on Bear Creek, Wyo., owned by Albert Bristol, and remained there for a per- iod of two years. In 1894 he resigned this posi- tion and accepted an offer from R. P. Allen, a prominent stockman of that section, with whom he remained until 1896, in the fall of that year entering the employ of Van L. Gilford, at his ranch on Bear Creek, where he remained until the following year. He then accepted a position as general foreman of the P O ranch on Pole Creek, Wyo., and remained there until the month of July, 1900, when he resigned his position for the purpose of disposing of a large band of horses, in which he had become interested. Go- ing then to the city of Cheyenne, he remained there a short time, when he purchased his present ranch on Middle Crow Creek, situated about twenty-one miles west of Cheyenne, formerly known as the Gilchrist ranch. It is a well-known place in that section of country, and is beautifully located amid the hills of Crow Creek, surrounded by trees and mountains. Mr. Payton has ex- tensive plans for the improvement of this place, and fully intends to make it one of the best and sightliest places in the state. He is now the owner of over 4,200 acres of land, a large portion PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 893 of which is well fenced and improved, and he controls several thousand acres of lands leased from the state. He is engaged exclusively in the business of cattleraising, and is making a marked success of his enterprise. On December 6, 1898, Mr. Payton was. united in marriage, at the city of Cheyenne, to Miss Onie Perry, a native of the state of Wyoming, the daughter of Alexander and Mary (Moss) Perry, the former a native of Missouri, and the latter of Ohio. The father of Mrs. Payton first came to the then territory of Wyoming in 1870, settling on Horse Creek, and there engaging in cattleraising. His fam- ily subsequently joined him in his new home, from which he afterwards removed to Lagrange, where he continued to follow the same business with great success until 1897, when he disposed of his ranches and stock interests, moved to the city of Cheyenne, and there purchased the hotel property which has since become well known as Perry's Inn. Here he has since conducted a popular and successful hotel business. Two children have come to the home of Mr. and Mrs. Payton, Edward and Edwena, twins, who are the joy and pride of the Payton household. Fraternally, Mr. Payton is affiliated with the Modern Woodmen of America ; both he and his wife are active members of the Methodist Epis- copal church, earnest in all work of charity in the community where they reside. Politically, Mr. Payton is identified with the Republican party, taking a prominent part in public affairs. He is a progressive, enterprising and successful young business man, sure to become a prominent factor in the business life o'f the state. GEORGE H. PETERSON. This just and fearless officer of the law, and long time citizen of the West, was born at Ran- cocas, Burlington county, New Jersey, on May 28, 1838, his parents being Charles S. and Ann B. (Dennis) Peterson and both natives of New Jersey, the father tracing his ancestry to an old Prussian family that emigrated to England, suc- ceeding generations coming to America in Colon- ial days, being prominent participators in the events leading up to the Revolution and also serving in the Colonial army. The mother's family is often mentioned in New England his- tory, family tradition connecting them with the landing of the Mayflower. Pier great-grandfa- ther, Thomas Dennis, was a soldier of the Revo- lution, and representatives of both families saw service in the War of 181 2, and the great Civil War. Charles S. Peterson was both a farmer and a blacksmith and was three times married, he early becoming a convert to the doctrines of the Mormon church and accompanying its ad- herents to Nauvoo, 111., where the mother of George died the year after the prophet Joseph Smith was killed. Mr. Peterson was the eldest of the three children of his parents and he had twenty half-brothers and sisters. He accompan- ied his father to Utah in the Mormon hegira of 1850 and received his education in the schools of Salt Lake City. On the westward journey he drove four yokes of oxen all of the long and haz- ardous way. He early became a notable factor in the propagation of the doctrines of the Church of the Latter Day Saints, and as an em- issary of that faith visited England, Scotland, France and Germany, remaining there through 1869, 1870 and 1871, and making many con- verts by his zeal and industrious ministrations. As he is a great investigator, he visited on this tour many of the places of historic fame in the European countries, taking many notes for fu- ture use, particularly examining the English House of Parliament, Buckingham Palace, West- minster' Abbey and other old edifices, hoary with age and venerable in history. On his return to Utah, he engaged in blacksmithing in Summit county, and later became the efficient sheriff of Morgan county, where he was also called to other responsible positions, among them that of county commissioner and justice of the peace. He was afterwards a policeman at Coalville, Utah, and a member of the county board of trade of Summit county. In 1881 he became a resi- dent of Almy, Wyo., and here conducted black- smithing for the company until the close of its 8 9 4 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. mining operations in 1891, acting during this period as a school trustee and treasurer. Remov- ing to Evanston he there conducted the Riepen Hotel, now Hotel Marx, for two years and con- tinued blacksmithing operations until 1900, when he made his home in Diamondville and became the blacksmith for the Diamond Coal and Coke Co., removing the next year, however, to .Cum- berland, to hold the same relation with the U. P. Co. He was soon thereafter appointed jus- tice of the peace, winning in this office the approv- al of the public by his correct and wise admin- istration of the law. An earnest and ' conscien- tious member of the Mormon church, he carried into practice their doctrine of plurality of wives, and was the first man arrested in Wyoming un- der the law against "unlawful cohabitation.'' Abiding, like a dutiful citizen, by the action of the courts, he put away two of his three wives, retaining the one pronounced his lawful wife, yet continuing to support the others. He has been the father of twenty-seven children, and eighteen are now living. His first marriage was to Miss Eliza Wild, a daughter of William and Eliza Wild, natives of England, to whom he was united at Salt Lake City, Utah, on March 17, i860. His children are, George W., died in in- fancy ; E. Sophronia, married Hiram Pringle of Summit county, Utah ; Mary E., married Robert Sneddon, of Diamondville, Wyo. ; Charles H., a stockman of Star Valley, Wyo. ; Annie B., wife of Willard Keyes, station agent at Spring Val- ley, Wyo. ; Thomas D., who died in Utah ; Thom- as D., who is working with his father; J. Albert; Maud, died in Almy, Wyoming, aged nineteen years; Joseph E., deceased; William, who was killed when fourteen years old at No. 4 U. P. mine at Almy, Wyo.; Jessie" Y., of Diamond- ville; James E.. clerk of the U. P. at No. 2, Cum- berland; Elizabeth, wife of C. A. Beaver, of Salt Lake City; Dorothy, residing with her father; Violet, wife of Fritz Olsen, a stockman of Ev- anston; Martha, Julia, George and Sarah, all at home.; another Elizabeth dying in infancy and John F. in Coalville. Mr. Peterson has ever been actuated by a high sense of duty, never failing to properly respond to the calls of public neces- sity or of private benefaction, and he has a large circle of friends who hold him in high regard, his record being that of a useful and productive citizen, who has steadily pursued the right as it was given him to see the right. The following incident will indicate, not only what Mr. Peter- son had to experience in the early days, but what was liable to occur to any of the brave pioneers. In the spring of 1864, while he was riding from Ogden, Utah, through the Weber Canyon, going . to his home in Morgan county, near the Devil's Gate he was surrounded by a band of about twenty-five Indian warriors. Having a pretty good understanding of the Indian language Mr. Peterson asked them what they were going to do and their answer was that they were going to kill him. As quick as a flash he drew a 44-caliber Colt's navy revolver from under his coat and "dropped it" on the Indian he took to be the chief. This movement surprised the Indians so much that they left an opening in the circle they had formed around him, of which the mule he was riding took advantage, and started through it on a gallop up the canyon, in the midst of a shower of bullets that went whizzing after him, none, however, hitting him or his gallant rider, although one bullet went through the rim of Mr. Peterson's hat. He says that the idea of drawing the gun on the chief came to him from reading of a similar occurrence in the adventures of Kit Carson in Old and New Mexico. In 1865 Mr. Peterson had a hand-to-hand fight with a grizzly bear, coming out best through the aid of a little "possuming." WILLIAM H. PEARCE. One of the first settlers in Bighorn county, and closely identified with its history from the beginning, William H. Pearce, of near Cody, supervisor of Yellowstone Forest Reserve, is well entitled to specific mention in a record showing the deeds and achievements of the progressive men of Wyoming. He is a native of New York, where he was born in October, 1850, the son of PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 895 Thomas and Maria (Kellow) Pearce, English by nativity and emigrants to the United States early in their married life. He was reared and educated in his native state, and, in 1870, when he was twenty years old, he came to Colorado, and, locating at what is now Rosita, in Custer count}', aided in the development of the mines there and worked in them for a time, then went to California Gulch and diligently prospected and mined, also conducting a meat business of quite an importance at that place with commendable enterprise and gratifying profits. In 1886 he came to Wyoming, stopping in the Bighorn basin, and for two years carried the mails between Lan- der and South Pass City. At the end of that pe- riod of time he located on a ranch on the Grey Bull River, and thereupon began farming oper- ations and the raising of stock, which combined enterprises he continued until July 12, 1902, when he sold his entire plant to the Phelps Land & Cattle Co. On the following October 1, he was appointed supervisor of the Yellowstone Forest Reserve, and is actively and efficiently perform- ing . the duties of this important position. In fraternal relations, Mr. Pearce holds memberships with the Freemasons, the Elks and the Odd Fel- lows. He was married in Fremont county, Wyo.. in March, 1889, to Miss Man- A. Beer, a native of Virginia. She shared his frontier life of priva- tion, danger and excitement, and is able to elo- quently recount, as he is, many thrilling adven- tures and interesting experiences, and to rejoice that the}' are forever past. ALMA PORTER. The mention of Mr. Porter's name and the thought of his career recalls Holmes's touching poem, The Last Leaf, for he is about the only one of the real old-timers of this county left to tell the tale of the early struggles and labors, amusements and pleasures, dangers and daring, trials and triumphs of a people, who have writ- ten the record of their manliness and heroic de- votion on the pages of their country's history in letters of imperishable luster. They dared everything, they endured everything, they accom- plished everything, in their day and generation, and their successors have only to go forward in the pathway which they blazed, inspired by their high example and made comfortable by the fruits of their great achievements. Mr. Porter was born on March 15, 1859, at Salt Lake City, the son of Robert H. and Mary A. (Williams) Por- ter, the father being a native of Canada, of Irish ancestry, the mother born in England. His fa- ther was brought to "the states" by his parents when he was young, and he grew to manhood under the benign influences of his adopted land, imbibing the spirit of her people, entering with zest into the aspirations and enterprises which engaged them. He fought gallantly under her flag in the Mexican War, after its triumphant close settling in California. About 1850 he came to Utah, and, in due time thereafter he removed to the Bear River country of Idaho, settling at the old emigrant crossing of that historic stream, where he engaged in ranching. Two years la- ter hostile Indians burned him out, destroying everything, and compelling him to move. He laid the foundation of a new home on Yellow Creek, about five miles above where Evanston now stands, on the line of the Wells-Fargo Express route, and there operated a toll-bridge for six years. From that point he removed to Coalville, Utah, and for five years conducted a gristmill which he there built. The next four years he passed at' Almy, in running the express between that town and Evanston, and the next two fol- lowing years at Rawlins in charge of a stage line having headquarters at Rawlins. He finally settled at Ogden, Utah, where he died in 1881, aged fifty-five years. His family consisted of eight children, six of whom are living, and his widow still survives, making her home at Coke- ville, Wyo. Their son, Alma, was educated in Wyoming, in both public and private schools, and he began life for himself as a teamster in this state. After a time he went into business at Fossil, but continued the venture only for a year. In 1877 he located at Evanston, and, during the next fifteen years, made that place his home or 896 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. headquarters. For about eight years he rode the range, the rest of the time he was variously en- gaged in the cattle industry. In 1892 he re- moved to Cokeville, where for two years he con- ducted ranching and raised stock. In 1897 he took charge of a timber outfit for Quealey & Kemmerer, and conducted this, with headquar- ters at Kemmerer for a year. In 1899 he re- turned to Cokeville, started the livery business, which he now controls, and a little later, opened the store which he now conducts in the town. He is also extensively interested in oil lands, both at Fossil and in various other parts of the state. As has been noted, he is almost the only real old-timer left in this section, and, as such he has the lasting esteem and high regard of his fellows wherever he is known. On February 18, 1880, he married with Miss Emma Nelson, a na- tive of St. Louis, Mo., a daughter of James and Eliza Nelson, the mother being a native of Eng- land. The Porter home is a resort for a host of admiring friends and one of the social institutions of the community.' HARVEY L. PERKINS. The pioneers of the Northwest in the United States were men of heroic mold, fitted by nature for the arduous work of conquering a new do- main and reducing it to subjection to the wants of man. The country was full of wild beasts and savage men ; its climatic conditions were unknown and uncontrollable ; the soil, though fruitful, was given up to the wild luxuriance of largely desert vegetation, and had never felt the persuasive hand of systematic husbandry ; the vast region was wholly unpeopled, save by enemies of its daring invaders, and trackless, except where the Indian or untamed • animals had made paths through its boundless expanse: ease, security, all that civilization reckons among the goods of life, were utterly wanting. Yet the hardy pioneers boldly went forward into the deepest recesses and challenged all its hostile elements. The)- blazed the way for the oncom- ing hosts of conquerors and builders, while they wrote on the pages of enduring history new chapters to the honor and glory of American manhood. Among the number of these courage- ous adventurers were Harvey L. Perkins, now an esteemed citizen of Bighorn county in this state, and his parents, Andrew and Jemima (Whitsar) Perkins, natives of Tennessee and Kentucky, who were, among the first settlers in Utah, coming to its borders in 1847. Their son, Harvey, although at the time but twelve years old, had the spirit and courage of a man, and imbibed by instinct, as it were, the genius and essence of the region in which they settled. They came from Illinois, where they had been early emigrants, and where, in 1835, their son, Har- vey, was born. In his new home the facilities for education in school were meager and primitive, and he was obliged to call upon nature and ex- perience for his teachings and preparations for the battle of life which was before him. They always have voices of wisdom and instruction for those who are attuned to their utterance, and from them he learned self-reliance, quickness of perception, readiness in action and resolute en- durance. Ten years after their arrival in Utah, the family removed to California, and there the young man engaged in mining until 1881, then changed his base of operations to Cassia county, Idaho, where he located land and turned his at- tention to raising stock and to farming. In 1888 he sold his Idaho interests and moved to Butte, Montana, where for three years thereafter he was busily occupied in contracting and freight- ing, with that great mining camp as his head- quarters. In 1891 he concluded to become again a tiller of the soil and a stockgrower, and he came to Wyoming and located land and bought other tracts on the Grey Bull River, at the loca- tion where he now lives. Since then he has main- tained his residence in this part of the state, being one of the most forceful and energetic factors in its development. He owns 1,200 acres of excel- lent land, having a pleasing diversity of alti- tude and character, and runs a herd of 300 well- bred cattle, a large nnumber of horses and about 6.000 sheep. For a man occupying so large and PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 897 influential a place in a community, all of the ave- nues of public life are open, therefore Mr. Per- kins has had many opportunities to serve his peo- ple in official stations of responsibility and im- portance, but he has steadily resisted all impor- tunities to enter politics, preferring to be of use only as a private citizen and to give his support to all commendable movements for the advance- men or improvement of the community without other impulse or consideration than that involved in promoting the general weal. He was married in Utah in 1854 to Miss Elizabeth Parke, a native of Missouri. They have six children now living : Harvey L., Jr., Alice, John J., Huldah, George W. L. and Ivie, wife of William C. .Faust of Cody, who is mentioned at length on other pages of this volume. Mr. Perkins is rapidly approach- ing the evening of his life, and he can enjoy its tranquillity and peace with an increased satisfac- tion in the recollections of the trials he has en- dured and of the triumphs he has won; with an abiding comfort in the sight of the civilization he has helped to build in this country, and in con- templating the active vigor and productive use- fulness of the valued public institutions he has aided in creating, fostering and developing in its midst; and with a constant enjoyment in know- ing that he possesses a high place in the esteem and confidence of his fellow men, which has been so richly bestowed and so faithfully earned. HENRY PETERSEN. Comfortably settled on his fine ranch of 360 acres of meadow land one and one-half miles northwest of Lander, occupied with the stock business, to which he has devoted his mature life, surrounded by the people among whom his public services have been efficiently rend#red, his financial triumphs won and by whom his character and achievements are well appreciated, Henry Petersen is seemingly secure against ad- versity and can see, with growing satisfaction, the fruits of his labors thriving and blooming all around him. It was in Bear Lake county, Idaho, on August 21, 1869, that he first looked out on this world of toil, a son of Henry and Mary (Roughnoct) Petersen, the former a na- tive of Norway and the latter of Switzerland, who early left the associations of their nativity in 1863, braving the heaving ocean in anticipa- tion of larger opportunities and ampler freedom in a new land, arriving on this side of the At- lantic after an uneventful voyage and at once crossing the plains to Utah, soon thereafter, however, removing to Idaho, where the father engaged in farming and stockraising, although he was a miller by trade. In 1878 the family re- moved with him to Lander, where he died in 1 88 1, aged sixty-eight, and his widow met death in 1900, aged sixty-six. They left five children, one of their six having died before their own decease. Henry Petersen, the one of whom we are more particularly writing, attended the pub- lic schools of Wyoming, finishing his scholastic training at the Normal University at Lincoln, Neb. After leaving school he began farming in Fremont county, Wyo., and, as he prospered, acquired land of his own, in 1898 purchasing the nucleus of the place on which he now lives, and to which he has since added until it now em- braces 360 acres of the best bottom land in this portion of the state. He raises horses and cattle, endeavoring to produce nothing but the best of its kind, by this means to not only secure gratifying results for himself, but also to im- prove the grade of stock in his section, realizing forcibly that in the long run nothing cheap is profitable. He is a substantial, progressive citi- zen, and his influence on the thought and activ- ities of the community has been healthful and broadening. On August 3, 1898, he was mar- ried to Miss May R. Ranney, daughter of Luke Ranney, of Lander, all natives of ' New York. They have one child, Elsie. COL. W. D. PICKETT. As earth has no choice or selected spots for the birth of her great men, so she has no re- stricted repository or limited field of operation for the qualities of courage, scholarship, intellec- 898 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. tual power, or for any form of natural endow- ment or acquired capacity among men. Nature is not careless of her brood, but she knows it well ; and, when a man is required for any given work, it will be found that he has been provided and prepared for it. Col. W. D. Pickett was born, and probably reared to manhood, without any idea on the part of his parents, or within himself, that he was to play a conspicuous and important part in events of moment in American history. And when a part of his career had been accomplished, as little did he think, perhaps, that his abilities and attainments were to be trans- ferred to a new field of action, again to command admiring attention amid the struggles and stren- uous exertions of the western frontier, which was then laboring over the birth of many mighty states. He had been a gallant soldier in two wars, bearing his part nobly in campaigns of destruction ; he had also been actively engaged in the domain of construction, bearing himself with equal gallantry and efficiency in that. And he had passed the meridian of life, living and working in that part of the country in which his childhood and youth were spent, no doubt without thinking seriously of wandering far be- yond its boundaries. Then from the great North- west he heard the voice of Nature calling on men everywhere to come and develop the stores of wealth she was ready to open up for the ben- efit of mankind, and he obeyed the call, coming to Wyoming in 1879, and, at once, taking his place among the forces at work in reducing the wilderness to subjection and bringing forth from the deeps of the earth the promised treasures. Colonel Pickett is a native of northern Alabama, born on October 2, 1827. His parents were George V. and Courtney (Heron) Pickett, na- tives of Virginia, and he was their youngest child. When he was ten years old, they removed the family to Kentucky, where the Colonel was reared and educated. When he was nineteen he enlisted as a volunteer for the Mexican War, serving twelve months in Capt. Fitzhugh Lee's regiment of Texas Rangers. He was then at- tached to Captain May's regiment for the resi- due of the war, at the close of which he returned to Kentucky and entered professional life as a civil engineer. From 1849 to i860 he was en- gaged in making surveys for the construction of railroads in Kentucky, Tennessee and Arkansas, then, for a year or two, he was the chief engineer in the department of construction for the Mem- phis & Louisville Railroad. In 1861 he enlisted as an engineer in the Confederate army, but was soon after promoted to staff duty in the Western Department, under Generals Johnston and Beau- regard, being in active service throughout the war and participating in many of the most no- table battles of the awful contest, among them those at Shiloh, Murfreesboro, Missionary Ridge and all the engagements of the Atlanta cam- paign, and having risen to the rank of colonel, surrendering also with Johnston's army at the close of the memorable struggle, and returning to the practice of his profession. He immediate- ly devoted himself again to the construction of railroads, and from 1869 to 1873 was the chief engineer for a leading railroad company. In the year last named he resigned, determined to pass some time in traveling and hunting in the West. In the course of his trip he reached Montana in 1876, and Wyoming in 1879. For years he spent his summers on the head waters of the Yellow- stone, hunting and exploring. He is a noted bear hunter, and has had many a thrilling en- counter with his most desired game. In 1883 he came to his present location, and there took up land, on which he engaged in raising high-grade cattle, thoroughbred Herefords being his spec- ialty. He has 500 of these choice animals, which are kept in prime condition, having an ample range on his ranch of 1,000 acres of deeded and 5.000 acres of leased land. In 1900 he was ap- pointed postmaster at Fourbear, a postoffice es- tablished on his place for the convenience of the people in the neighborhood. Colonel Pickett has always taken a leading part in Democratic politics, in Wyoming, as well as in distant states. He has represented Fremont county twice in the State Legislature, and, during his second term. by prodigious effort and great tact upon his part PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 899 he succeeded in getting a law passed providing for the creation of Bighorn county, and, upon its organization, he was chosen State Senator from that county, of which he was really the father and creator. His services in both bodies of the Legislature were conspicuous for value to his people and for general good to the state. He brought to the performance of his duties a wis- dom ripened by a long and a varied experience, also a knowledge of public affairs gained in many departments of important public and pri- vate duty. For years he has been a member of the state central committee of his party, a wheel- horse in all its campaigns. He is a member and one of the vice-presidents of the Boone-Crockett Hunting Club, of New York, of which President Roosevelt is an active member. He has also been since 1853 a member of the American Society of Civil Engineers, antedating in his membership every member of the body but one who joined when he did. In addition to these social rela- tions he holds a membership in the Society of Political and Social Science of Philadelphia, and also in the American Society for the Advance- ment of Science, and takes a prominent part in the proceedings of each. If lineage counts for aught, and it always counts for much, even in democratic America, Colonel Pickett is entitled to his supremacy among men by virtue of his birth and ancestry as well as by his own personal and acquired qualities of leadership. In the train of the courtly, the cultivated, the courag- eous, the high-souled Raleigh, his forefathers reached Virginia ; and through all of the subse- quent history of that state, the family name has been conspicuous in civil and military annals, ex- emplifying, in every period and under all cir- cumstances, whatever in American manhood is gallant in war and serviceable in peace ; giving a leader to every movement, a hero to every cause, an ornament to every state of society ; until, on July 3, 1863, at Gettysburg, Pa., one of its rep- resentatives, a near relative of the Wyoming Colonel, raised the Pickett name to imperishable glory by placing the banner of the Confederacy within the Union lines after one of the most dar- 56 ing, most desperate and brilliant, yet most unfor- tunate charges in the history of battles. And the name has not suffered in the person of the family representative in Wyoming, whether his record here be considered in business or in social lines, tried by professional or civil standards, or gauged by scholarship or by genuine manhood. GEORGE M. PORTER. Successful in business, prominent and influ- ential in the church, esteemed in social circles, and potential in public local affairs, Bishop George M. Porter of the Church of the Latter Day Saints, presiding over the Otto ward in Bighorn county, Wyoming, a prosperous farmer and stockraiser, commands the respect and confi- dence of the community in which he has lived and labored, having to his credit a good record- as one of the progressive men of Wyoming. He came to the state in 1893 from his native Utah, where he was born on March 17, 1871, whither his father, Alma Porter, came when he was nine years old, driving a four-yoke ox-team across the plains from Missouri, the state of his nativity. In his new home the father was reared and educated, and, from its hard conditions of life as a frontier country, by his unaided efforts he won a competence and a secure and elevated place in the regard of his fellow men, and is living among them now in the fullness of years and honors as a patriarch in the Mormon church, to whose faith he was an early convert. In due season after he grew to manhood, he met and married Miss Minerva Duel, the mother of the Bishop, and settled at Porterville in Morgan county, where their children were born. Bishop Porter became an orphan by the death of his mother when he was but two years old, so throughout his childhood and his youth he missed her care and molding influence. She was an es- timable lady, born and reared in Utah, where her father was an early pioneer. This it happened that her son was left much to himself in the for- mative period of life, and the manhood, for which he is now esteemed, is largely the product of his 900 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. inherent qualities of excellence, developed and trained by the exigencies of a trying but service- able experience. He received a limited education in the public schools, and, in 1893, became a resi- dent of Wyoming, of which he has been a use- ful citizen from that time. He settled in the Star Valley, on a homestead which he took up in 'that region, there carried on a prosperous stock and farming business ■ until 1901, then sold out, and, coming to the vicinity of Otto, in Bighorn county, bought sixty acres of well-im- proved land and again engaged in farming and in the raising of stock. In partnership associa- tion with his brother, he owns 640 acres of land, in addition to his home farm, and with this tract they have ample range for their large herds of well-bred cattle. The Bishop was married, in Utah, in 1893, to Miss Loretta Chapin, a native of that state. They have four children, Wilmer Grace, Amy and Virgie. The affairs of the church have prospered tinder the careful and ju- dicious management of the Bishop, just as his private interests have flourished, by reason of his thrift, frugality and his skillful and well-directed industry. In church relations, in social circles, in business connections, he has established his right to the good will and confidence of his neighbors and fellow citizens, and to the rank of an enter- prising, progressive and representative man. THOMAS G. POWERS. Prominent among the enterprising and suc- cessful ranchers of Laramie county, Wyoming, is the well-known and widely popular gentleman, whose name furnishes the caption of this article. Thomas Powers, the father of the one who is the immediate topic of this review, was born in Ireland, but, in 1840, when a lad of fourteen years, came to the United States with an uncle and settled in Henry county, Iowa, where he is now living, being a large farmer and stockraiser, for many years actively identified with the agri- cultural and industrial history of his adopted state as one of the enterprising and representa- tive citizens of the co'unty in which he resides. In connection with agricultural pursuits, he was engaged for many years in railroad construction, but his principal business has been stockraising, in which he has acquired an independent fortune. He owns a large cattle ranch in the county of his residence, and, although in his seventy-seventh year, he is still hale and hearty, strong of body and keen of intellect, capable of giving personal attention to his business interests. Mary Mc- Namara, the wife of Thomas Powers and mother of the subject, was also a native of the Emerald Isle and came to the United States with her parents when about sixteen years old. She is a woman of beautiful moral character, possesses the winning vivacity characteristic of her race, and not a little of her husband's success is at- tributable to her wise counsel and helpful cooper- ation. Thomas G. Powers was born in Henry county, Iowa, on February 10, 1863, and there remained with his parents until the age of seven- teen. He grew up familiar with the varied duties of the farm, in the common schools acquiring a knowledge of the branches constituting the pre- scribed course. There comes a period in the life of every youth when he becomes restive, im- patient of home restraints, when he desires to break from his moorings and to see something of the world. This desire was developed in the mind of Mr. Powers at an early age, but he did nothing to gratify it until about the year 1880, at which time he left the parental roof to seek his fortune in the West. Reaching Wyoming, he engaged to work on the range, and, during the fourteen years following he devoted the summer seasons to herding and the winter seas- ons to freighting operations between Sidney and the Black Hills. Mr. Powers spent nearly ten years in the employ of the Pratt & Ferris Cattle Co., during the greater part of which time he was the superintendent of one of their large ranches. He managed the business in his charge with gratifying success, winning the unbounded confi- dence of his employers, at the same time adding to his knowledge and experience as a wide- awake, enterprising stockman. In 1898 he re- signed his position with Pratt & Ferris, and, pur- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 901 chasing his present ranch of 420 acres, one mile from Vaughn, Wyo., he there engaged in stock- raising upon his own responsibility. At the time of this writing he has one of the finest and best improved places of its size in the section of coun- try where it is located, the land being admirably situated for grazing purposes, with an abundance of pure water for all stock which the ranch can possibly support, and an inexhaustible supply of the richest grasses for which this part of the West is noted. Mr. Powers has a large number of fine cattle, sheep and horses, and the success with which he has met since starting in business for himself, easily entitles him to rank with the leading stockmen of the Vaughn district. He is deeply interested in the development of the cat- tle industry in his part of the state, and is con- sidered as an authority on all matters relating to stockraising, being a frequent contributor to a number of the leading stock journals, both in Wyoming and other states. He is a clear and forcible writer, the master of an easy and grace- ful style, and his ideas and practical suggestions, through the medium of the press, have given him a wide publicity throughout the cattle districts of the great West. He is, above all, a practical man, and his articles have had the effect of very materially influencing the cattle business in var- ious ways, but invariably in the proper direc- tion. Mr. Powers possesses an affable address and a pleasing personality and impresses all with whom he comes in contact as a gentleman of great force of character, a natural leader of men. He has a cultivated mind, and his love of read- ing has caused him to place in his home much of the world's best literature, in addition to which, he peruses carefully the leading newspa- pers of the day, keeping himself thoroughly in- formed upon current events and upon political questions and issues engrossing the attention of the people. The people of his locality esteem him for his sterling qualities of head and heart and few men stand as high in the confidence and respect of the public. Mr. Powers was married in St. Joseph, Mo., on March 17, 1896, to Miss Abbie E. 'Chamberlin, of New Jersey, a daugh- ter of Jared and Laura (Chase) Chamberlin. Two children have resulted from the union, George Dewey and Laura M. Fraternally, Mr. Powers holds membership with Clarinda Lodge, No. 109, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, in which he has filled many important official positions. Mrs. Powers is the postmistress of Arthol and in that capacity has proven a most capable and obliging official. Although en- grossed in business affairs, Mr. and Mrs. Powers never carry them into the atmosphere of the domestic fireside. They have a home that is comfortable in its appointments and restful. There, environed by the tenderness of family ties, and, for the time, shut from the busy world # without, they welcome their friends to a gen- uine hospitality and an enjoyable entertainment. WILMONT I. PORTER. This popular ranchman comes of distin- guished American ancestry, the family name ap- pearing high on the roll of the eminent men of both the army and navy of the United States in all of its prominent wars, conspicuous examples being Rear- Admiral Porter and Gen. Fitzjohn Porter, while, in the immediate family of Wil- mont I. Porter, his father, Robert H. Porter, did most loyal service as a bugler in the Mexican War even as a youth, serving with great accept- ability during the full period of hostilities. Rob- ert H. Porter was born in the state of New York in 1820, and died in 1878, at the age of fifty- eight years. After the Mexican War he went to California, where he was for some years a popular landlord, serving also with eminent sat- isfaction as a tax collector for four years. Re- moving to Utah in 1854, he there carried on farm- ing operations until 1863, when he located as a pioneer settler on Bear Creek, eighteen miles above Evanston, Wyo. Here his entire outfit was destroyed and burned by hostile Indians, himself and family being driven out of the coun- try. He then made a home on Yellow Creek until 1869, when, migrating to Coalville, Utah, he was there employed until 1873, in that year 902 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. returning to Evanston. His migrations contin- ued, as in 1877 he was at Rawlins as the propri- etor of a stage line, thereafter, in 1878, removing again to Utah, where his death occurred on the sixth of November of the same year. He was an active, energetic man of high ideals, a de- voted member of the Church of the Latter Day Saints, and won and retained the cordial friend- ship of his neighbors. In New York state he was married with Miss Mary A. Williams, an estimable lady of English birth, who is now residing on Hams Fork, Wyo., at the age of seventy-two. Wilmont I. Porter, son of Robert H. and Mary A. (Williams) Porter, was born in Salt Lake City, Utah, on December 16, 1857, and had the educational advantages afforded by the primitive schools of the pioneer period. From the age of twenty-two years he was for two years located in one locality, then he became connect- ed with railroading on the Union Pacific, main- taining his headquarters at Evanston, Wyo., these duties employing him from 1884 to 1886, inclusive. He then engaged in freighting oper- ations for a short period of time, returning again to the railroad service, later, in 1887, locating on a homestead claim in townships 22 and 23, and there devoted his individual attention to the rais- ing of a superior strain of horses, in which profit- able employment he still continues, being a good citizen and retaining the high regards of an ex- tended acquaintanceship. He is a close observer and reasoner, giving much thought and attention to public affairs of a local nature as a member of his political party and is also very influential in his circle of friends. His paternal grandfa- ther, Robert H. Porter, was a native of Ireland, who, after a life of numerous changes and great industry, departed this life at East Saginaw, Mich., in 1898, at the age of seventy-six years. JACOB PRICE. Coming to Wyoming a pioneer of July 4, [866, and living within the state almost all of the time since that period of time, Jacob Price, of Fremont county, Wyoming, the superintendent and general manager of the Embar Cattle Co., has a history here, almost contemporaneous with that of the state itself. When he first set foot on this soil it was a part of the territory of Da- kota, and, since that time, four mighty common- wealths have been carved out of and segregated from that territory, and, so rapidly has history been made in this section of the world, that the name of a political division, in daily use by one generation, becomes that of another division to the next. Mr. Price is a native of Missouri, where he was born on August 17, 1843, hi s P ar ~ ents, Jaines and Elizabeth Price, being natives, respectively, of Maryland and Missouri. In his native state Mr. Price grew to manhood and was educated at the public schools. In 1865 ne journeyed westward to Fort Leavenworth, and, a year later, crossed the plains to Fort Bridger, Wyo., as a wagonmaster with troops of the U. S. government, the mission being to relieve the garrison at the fort. From there he went to Camp Douglas in 1867, and, in 1868, to the Sweetwater mines at South Pass, returning soon thereafter to Fort Bridger, where he again was in the employ of the government. In 1869 he went in charge of an ox train, crossing the wil- derness site of Lander, this being the first train of its kind ever driven over that land, and again went back to Fort Bridger. There he continued in the service of the U. S. government until 1872, when he was married to Miss Margaret Lanigan, a native of New York, and, locating on land near by, he began the raising of stock. He continued his enterprise there until 1879, when he came to Fremont county and settled at Lander. ■ The next year he entered the employ of the Embar Cattle Co. and made his home on Owl Creek, near where he now lives, taking up land from the government for the purpose. In 1894 he se- cured an interest in the Embai Cattle Co. (an incorporated institution), which he has increased and magnified, until it is now of considerable volume, and he is also the very capable superin- tendent and general manager. This company has done an enormous business, for. at one time, it had fully 25,000 cattle, its usual holding being PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 903 about 6,000, and all well-bred Herefords. The company also runs and handles about 1,000 horses, and, for the use of its stock, owns and occupies 3,000 acres of land, well chosen for its purposes, affording excellent facilities for the business. In addition to his interest in this com- pany, of which he is a director, and in its stock, Mr. Price has a fine herd of cattle of his own, together with mining claims of value and also considerable stock in the First National Bank of Thermopolis, of which he is one of the directors. His living children are Elizabeth, wife of Ed- ward Major, of Fremont county; Clara B.,wife of V. D. Funteney, of Bighorn county ; Annie T. ; Robert J. ; William J. ; George E. ; while the de- parted ones are Edward and Frank. When the reason is sought, for the rapid growth and de- velopment, and the substantial character of the civil and political institutions of the Northwest- ern states, it can easily be iound in the character of the men who were their founders and build- ers, men of heroic mold and heroic fiber, capable of stern endurance and gigantic effort, fertile in resources and untiring in action, with broad views of human rights and a clear conception of the destiny of their country. And of this class is Mr. Price, a progressive, substantial citizen. ROBERT RAE. Robert Rae was born in Lanarkshire, Scot- land, on September 21, 1874, and was one of the family circle that accompanied his parents, Rob- ert and Barbara (Stewart) Rae, to Illinois in 1875, his remembrance of the ocean voyage, however, not being very distinct. His childhood and youth were passed in Illinois and Colorado, in which states he received a solid education in the public schools and early became identified with coal mining, which he pursued for some years, later engaging in various occupations of greater or less importance, until 1901, when he established his present lucrative business at Frontier, and became a permanent resident of the place. He is a member of various fraterni- ties, notably the Independent Order of Odd Fel- lows and the Improved Order of Red Men, while he is also connected with the Phoenix Indemnity Co. The whole family stands in a fine relation- ship to society and is intimately associated with numerous representatives of the county. ABRAHAM E. RAGAN. Among the leading representatives of the live stock industry in Laramie county is the subject of this sketch, Abraham E. Ragan, who, as the proprietor of one of the largest ranches in this part of the state, has achieved such success as few attain. He is a native of Pennsylvania, a state that has furnished the nation with much moral force and sinew, his birth occurring in Westmoreland county, on March 3, i860, the son of Philip and Sarah M. (Fleming) Ragan, both also natives of Pennsylvania. In 1866 the father removed his family to Washington coun- ty, Iowa, where he engaged in farming until the death of his wife, in 1899, since which time he has been making his home with his son, Abra- ham. Abraham E. Ragan lived under the paren- tal roof until his seventeenth year and received his educational discipline in the public schools, supplementing the knowledge thus acquired by a course of private study. Before he was eighteen, he began farming on his own account in Iowa, and was thus engaged until 1877, at which time he went to Nebraska, where he re- mained until the following spring, then came to Wyoming in the employ of the U. S.' govern- ment, making his headquarters at Rawlins until the autumn of 1888, when he resigned his posi- tion and entered the employ of a cattleman at Fort Laramie. He rode the range in that vicin- ity for a number of years and became thoroughly skilled in all the details of the live stock busi- ness. In 1866 he homesteaded the land upon which the town of Guernsey stands, and, after holding it for five years, sold out to Mr. Guern- sey, who afterwards plotted the site and placed the lots on the market. This town had a rapid and substantial growth, rapidly becoming an important business center. In 1891 Mr. Ragan 9°4 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. took up a ranch on the Platte River, five miles to the northwest of Guernsey, carried on the cattle business there until 1896, then purchased his present place consisting of 3,000 acres located sixteen miles northwest of the town. This ranch is one of the best improved and most valuable, as well as one of the largest, in the state. Its nat- ural growth of herbage is dense and vigorous, affording excellent pasturage for the large num- ber of cattle and horses which Mr. Ragan ranges upon it. He is a stockman of experience and close and intelligent observation, his influence has been most helpful to the industry which en- gages the capital and energy of so many leading men, and his example is both an inspiration and an ornament to the vocation. He is a gentleman of courteous and obliging demeanor and thus far in life his career has been one of signal useful- ness. An example of high integrity, and ' of all the graceful and pleasing amenities of civilized society, he has the universal esteem of his fel- low men, who honor him for his genuine personal worth. He was married at Fort Laramie, Wyo., on October 15, 1883, to Miss Mary E. Peterson, of Missouri, the daughter of Peter and Eliza (Ray) Peterson, natives of New York. Mr. Peterson, a tailor by trade, died in Utah on No- vember 14, 1878, and was buried at Salt Lake City, and his widow, who is still living, makes her home with the family of Mr. Ragan, which also embraces himself, his wife and one son, Walter E., who was born on February 2, 1884. In politics, Mr. Ragan is a pronounced Republi- can, but not a bitter partisan, looking primarily to the good of the community rather than the success of any party. P. A. RALLI. One of the foremost stockmen of the state of Wyoming, one -who has had an interesting and varied experience, is P. A. Ralli, the subject of this brief sketch, whose address is now En- campment, Wyoming. He is a native of Sussex, England, although of Grecian parentage, hav- ing his birth on September 13, 1856. He is the son of A. A. and Wewra (Maurogardato) Ralli, natives of Greece. His paternal grandfather, Al- exander Ralli, was a native of Scio, Greece, and was the governor of that province. He was ex- ecuted by the Turks at the time of the great mas- sacres in and around 1820, when some 20,000 Greeks were killed in cold blood by the "un- speakable Turks." His father, the great-grand- father of Ralli, had, in his day, also been mur- dered by the Turks. At the time of the massa- cre of 1820, some of the children of Governor Ralli, among them being the father of the sub- ject of this review, escaped' from the country and made their way to the city of Marseilles, France, where relatives of the family were resid- ing. The firm of Ralli Brothers had then large mercantile and financial interests in Europe, and maintained a branch house in the city of London, England. The father, A. A. Ralli, was sent to this branch concern, and there was given a posi- tion. He remained in connection with this busi- ness for many years, later, becoming a partner and a member of the firm. He continued to re- side in the city of London until the close of his life, and of his thirteen children, P. A. Ralli, of this sketch, was the fourth son. He grew to manhood in England, and attended the famous school at Rugby, pursuing a thorough course of study. After his graduation from that great educational institution, he went abroad to study the foreign languages and spent about one year in visiting Greece and other countries of the continent of Europe. He returned to England, began the scientific study of agriculture and farming at his own farm in Berkshire, pursued his studies in this line for about two years, and then spent about three years in actual farming op- erations. At the end of that time he went to the city of London, and secured a seat on the stock exchange, in association with his father, and continued in that business for about two years, when his father died. Mr. Ralli then re- tired from active business, gave his time to yachting and pleasure and embarked on a trip around the world in his yacht. When he arrived at Quebec, Canada, he was persuaded to send PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 9o5 his yacht home, and to join a hunting party go- ing on a trip through the western states. After finishing this trip, he had such pleasant memor- ies of it that he thereafter acquired the habit of annually coming to the West for a couple of months shooting. Becoming interested in ranch- ing and stpckraising, he finally purchased an in- terest in a ranch in southern Wyoming, and, in 1891, he bought the interests of his partners, thus becoming the sole owner of the property. Since that time, he has passed more or less of his time in Wyoming, giving his personal attention to his extensive stock interests, and has met with conspicuous success in this enterprise. He is the owner of one of the finest ranches in the state, having about 1,500 acres under irrigation, growing great quantities of hay, which is all consumed on the place by his stock. He makes a specialty of Shorthorn and Hereford stocks, and has crossed these breeds with great success. He is the owner of some of the most valuable animals in the western country, having one of the finest herds of the state. He usually carries about 1,000 head of cattle, selling his surplus each year, and constantly improving his herd in quality, rather than in numbers. In February, 1896, Mr. Ralli was united in marriage to Mrs. Broadbent, a native of England. They pass a considerable portion of their time in England, visiting their ranch and other Wyoming proper- ties only at intervals. Mr. Ralli is one of the representative cattlemen of the western country, and is held in high esteem by all classes of his fellow citizens. He has done much to develop the resources of this section of the state, and to draw the attention of capital to the advantages of investment here, being a valued land-owner of the commonwealth of Wyoming. ROBERT RAWHOUSER. The great strength of America in her phe- nomenal growth and progress has been her rural population. From the teeming acres of her bound- less domain have come forth the forces, which have given her distinction in every forum, and supremacy in every line of human thought and activity. As the older states were peopled, their restless, energetic men and women sought other worlds to conquer, and the tide of emigration has steadily flowed westward until it has overspread the entire country, redeeming it from barbarism, making it fruitful with the products of industry and skill, a fit footstool for the Most High, and also a happy home for his children. To none of the older states is the great West more indebt- ed for supplies of sterling manhood and success- ful enterprise than to Pennsylvania, from whence came the prosperous, progressive and representa- tive farmer, who is the subject of these para- graphs. Among the thrifty and substantial peo- ple of York county, in that great state, he was born on April 17, 1847, tne son °f David and Sarah (Duncan) Rawhouser, also natives of the Keystone state and well-to-do farmers of its fertile soil. When he was two years old, the parents removed to Henderson county, 111., and there followed their accustomed industry until the death of the mother in 1861. The father continued his agricultural operations four years longer, and, in 1865, returned to York county, Pa., and there passed the rest of his days, dying in 1889. Their son, Robert, began his educa- tion in the schools of Illinois, finishing it, how- ever, in Pennsylvania. After leaving school he both farmed and worked at railroading until 1868, when he removed to Iowa and passed two years farming, near Red Oaks, in Montgom- ery county, and was then employed for a number of years on various kinds of public works, in the meantime making several visits to his old eastern home. In 1878 he located in Washington coun- ty, Neb., and, after working on a farm which he there bought until the spring of 1879, he went to the Black Hills and sought advantage in min- ing among the throng which then filled the new Eldorado, and continuing his operations in that section until 1884. He then began prospecting for himself, and, during the three years he fol- lowed this business, he was very successful. From 1887 until 1892 he teamed in the Black Hills country, then returned to his farm in Ne- 906 PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. braska, which he sold in 1894, and passed the next two years at Hot Springs, S. D., merchan- dising there with water as a commodity. In July, 1896, he came to Wyoming, and settled on his present ranch, on Canyon Springs Prairie, where he has since resided, prosecuted a profit- able business in farming and raising stock, and occasionally making a mining venture in the Black Hills, with more or less success. He is a pioneer on this prairie as he was also at Dead- wood, and he has here given close and careful attention to the development and improvement of his excellent farm of 200 acres. On March 27, 1883, in York county, Pa., Mr. Rawhouser was united in marriage with Miss Laura Camp- bell, a native of Pennsylvania and a daughter of George and Leah (Stokes) Campbell of that state. Her father was a teacher and farmer, one of the sturdy men who give character to a community and trend to its civic and educational forces. Mr. and Mrs. Rawhouser have six chil- dren, George, David, Charley, Katie, Harry and John. In fraternal relations Mr. Rawhouser be- longs to the order of Freemasons, holding mem- bership in a lodge at Central City, S. D., and in politics he affiliates with the Republican party. ABNER RICHARDSON. A respected citizen of Albany county, and one who has had a varied career, and is now engaged in the hotel business at Tie Siding, Wyoming, is Abner Richardson, the subject of this brief review. Born in the year of 1839, he is a native of the state of Virginia, and the son of John and Lucinda (Ziger) Richardson, both natives of that state. The father followed the business of blacksmithing in the Old Dominion, who subse- quently removed his residence to Tennessee, where he continued in diligent operations in the same occupation up to the time of his decease. His son, Abner, of this sketch, grew to man's estate in Virginia and received his early edu- cation in the public schools of that state. In 1857, desiring to make his own way in the world, he left his home and secured emplovment in a tobacco factory in the southwestern portion of his native state, and continued in that pursuit up to 1861. In that year he answered to the call of his state for troops to engage in the Civil War, and enlisted in Co. A, Forty-second Vir- ginia Infantry, C. S. A. He served continuously from that time up to the time of his capture at the battle of Spottsylvania, where he was made a prisoner of war, and was later held in confinement by the Union authorities until the close of hostilities. During his term of service in the Confederate army he served under the command of Gen. Stonewall Jackson and par- ticipated in the great Seven Days' battle on the peninsula of Virginia, and also in the battles of Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Second Bull Run, Antietam, Gettysburg, the Wilderness and Spottsylvania, where he was made a prisoner. After the war he removed from his former resi- dence in old Virginia to the town of Newburg, W. Va. Subsequently he removed to the state of Ohio and still later to Hamlin, Mo. Here he es- tablished his home for the long period of seven- teen years, during which time he was engaged in railroading. At the end of that time he dis- posed of his property at Hamlin and removed his residence to Wyoming, where he located at the city of Laramie, continuing here in the railroad business for a further period of sixteen years, having been occupied in that pursuit for not less than thirty-six years of his industrious life. At the expiration of that time he purchased a hotel property at the town of Green River and en- gaged in the hotel business for fourteen months, when he removed to Tie Siding, where he has continued in the same occupation until the pres- ent writing, carrying on a successful and pros- perous business and is popular with all classes of people. In 1866, in the state of Missouri, he was united in marriage with Miss Anna Dondley, a native of Maryland, and the daughter of Wil- liam Dondley, a respected citizen of Missouri, who was engaged in both farming and railroad- ing. In former years Mr. Dondley had held an important construction contract on the great Chesapeake & Ohio canal, and had borne a con- PROGRESSIVE MEN OF WYOMING. 907 siderable part of the labor of the construction of that great work. To Mr. and Mrs. Richard- son have been born three children, Luie, Augusta and Henrietta, all of whom are living. The fam- ily is among the most respected in its section of the state and the head of the house is as pop- ular a man as he is a capable and popular host in the management of his hotel business. E. N. RIDEOUT. This enterprising and successful citizen of the rapidly progressing city of Evanston, Wyo- ming, is a native of "away down East," for he was born in Hancock county, Maine, in 1846, one of the ten children constituting the family of his parents, Noah and Harriet (Saunders) Rideout. The Rideout family is one of New England's earliest, several of the name holding civil and military office during the Colonial and Revolutionary eras, as well as in later days. Noah Rideout was born in Vermont in 1809, where his father, Benjamin, was also born, the son of an early settler in the undeveloped forests of that state. Learning the stonecutter's trade, Noah became a contractor and builder, acquiring a local reputation by the character of his honest work, and representing his town in the Legisla- ture of Vermont for a long term of years. Har- riet (Saunders) Rideout, the mother of our sub- ject, was an exceptional woman. She not only discharged faithfully all of the -numerous duties of a housewife of her place and period, but reared her large family in the fear of the Lord, giving also largely of her time and means to the cause of the gospel, being a devoted Christian. She was born at Bucksport, Me., of Scottish parentage, and died in 1882, aged sixty-five years. Our New England people of the last generation believed most thoroughly in teaching every boy a good trade in his youth, and this good custom was followed in the case of our subject, who served his time, and became an expert at black- smithing, in his native state, thus acquiring a practical knowledge, which everywhere he could easily transmute into gold. Like many other courageous New Englanders, Mr. Rideout was early impressed with the advantages that a prac- tical man like himself would enjoy in the develop- ment of the great West, and, at the age of twen- ty-four years, turned his steps thitherward, mak- ing his first objective point one of the early min- ing camps of Montana. He did not remain long in the present Treasure state, but went to Salt Lake City, Utah, and there did profitable black- smithing for fifteen years, being prospered in his undertakings, which he conducted with wise pru- dence and persistent industry, the beautiful ranch of 900 acres in Rich county, Utah, he still owns, having been purchased and developed dur- ing these years of prosperous activity. Later transferring his energies and home to Evanston, Wyo., he has here built up a reputation of a skilled blacksmith, a bright practical man of affairs in all directions and of a public spirited citizen, who is prominently interested in all local matters of public interest. In 1902 he engaged in the livery business, which he is successfully conducting in his admirable business manner. In 1879 was celebrated the marriage union of Mr. Rideout and Miss Mary Taylor, a native of Utah and a daughter of Harry and Mary Taylor, all of Utah. The family of Mr. and Mrs. Rideout consists of three children, Eva, Everett and Au- gustine. In the manifold and brainy sources of the development of this new land of the West, none have labored to a more consistent or a more valuable return to the community than has this quiet, industrious "village blacksmith." CHARLES F. RIETZ. Among the successful young stockmen of Laramie county, Wyoming, who, through their own efforts and industry, are on the fair road to prosperity and to substantial fortune, is Charles F. Rietz, the subject of this sketch, who is a native of the county of Waupaca, Wisconsin, he having been born there on September 29, 1868, the son of William and Catherine (Grober) Rietz, both natives of Germany, who emigrated to America many years ago, and were among the