\ \^&y p *+ °*ym : /\ -H r oV '^o 1 V f « • o t .1* /. ** ^ y^ °o c- * • *V A*' *&$fftu\ ^ .V * A * <5^ ' A V'* V C^ **£3|fef. ^ A^ o ^ S£? WEWiBUmE |T& np V^t-< <■ C ' f HALF-A- OF WHEELER &. WILSON LOCKSTITCH 1N0 MACHIN nsro'w msr use. Any one desiring to purchase one of these inimitable Machines can be Accommodated by making application to ONE OF OUR TRAVELING SALESMEN; Or, by addressing us or calling at our Salesroom, 914 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. PETERSON & CARPENTER, GJENJERAZ AGENTS. 'so c LCeOi rd J-U. HALF-A-MIIXXON ^ OF WHEELER &. WILSON LOCKSTITCH winq i jsro-w IlsT USE. Any one desiring to purchase one of these inimitable Machines can he accommodated by making application to ONE OF OUR TRAVELING SALESMEN; Or, by addressing us or calling at our Salesroom, 914 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. PETERSON & CARPENTER, GENERAL AGENTS. CHAS. F. HASELTINFS Galleries of ike Arts, 4 No. 1125 Chestnut Street, PHILADELPHIA. Finest Specimens of Foreign and American Art always on Free Exhibition. ON HAND AND FOR SALE, The Largest and most Complete Assortment oi OIL IFJ^IlTTIICsra-S, Water Color Drawings, ENGRAVINGS, CHROMOS, LOOKING CLASSES, French Photographs and Artists' Materials. Everything pertaining to Art matters kept or attended to. CHAS. F. HASELTINE, 1125 Chestnut Street. " in mmmi&mtju /I u so AYERILL BAPLOW, Manufacturer, "Wholesale and Retail Dealer in Cabinet Furniture. PAOTOBY, 1126 and 1128 Charlotte Street. "WABBBOOMS, 45 South Second Street, PHILADELPHIA. ..*»•"»»»*•' N**»."w - HE MAKES HIS OWN FURNITUEE From, Thoroughly Seasoned Lumber, Sells it twenty per cent, less than any other house in Philadelphia of the same quality of goods, and warrants it five years. CALL AND EXAMINE HIS STOCK, AND Compare Prices with other Establishments. 5 1 ALBREOHT, EIEKES & SCHMIDT, Manufacturers of first-class Agraffe Plate IAHO-FOBTSS. Every instrument fully warranted. Price moderate. The public is respectfully invited to examine our large stock. Wareroom, No. 610 Arch Street, RICHARD T. SCHMIDT, Importer and Manufacturer of Musical Instruments of Every Description, AND I j Gennine Italian ail test German Strings/ PHILADELPHIA. 6 '^1P COST IiBAD- ^ ^Fou£*]LSrl— This Company also make the most beautiful Cottage Colors for houses. Best White Lead and Zinc Paints for glossing inside on Parlors. SAMUEL K. SMYTH, PRACTICAL MANUFACTURER OP Superior Silver Plated Ware, No. 724 Chestnut Street, (Second Floob,) PHILADELPHIA JWOLD WARE REPLATED. WM. F.WARBURTON, FASHIONABLE HATTER, 430 Chestnut Street, hel. Fifths FHH^DBLFHIA. ADJOINING NEW POST OFFICE. - u HENRY G. HAEDRICH, .' N. E. cor. Fifteenth & Locust Sts., PHILADELPHIA, PA, (2 squares below Chestnut St.,) MANUFACTURER & IMPORTER OP I First-class Saddles, Bridles, Robes, lap Hugs, Covers, and fine HARNESS AND SADDLERY, OP EVERY DESCRIPTION, £ Sole Leather, Steamer, French, Saratoga, and Gents' Trunks, Turkey \ Russia, Plain Leather and Cloth Bags, and Traveling articles of all kinds, in large variety. Needle work neatly finished, and Trunks and Bags of & any kind made to order. Also, manufacturer of " Haedrich's " Celebrated * "Water-Proof Meatsfoot Oil Blacking." The inventor of this blacking, having worked at finishing t leather for over 40 years, can with the utmost confidence u recommend it as the best and mo-st reliable article ever i*'' offered ?t>o the public. For sale wholesale and retail, and h, . by saddlers generally. Send for circular. * Strict^fiittntion given to all ord-ers, either by mail or ((^othemtdss.. I . (Tbrnlbih *tr«ii£ cars from Baltimore depot i lass the door.) / JOHN Sf JLZ Jfc 80 Customer Tailoring Establishment, S. E. cor. Seventh & Market Sts., PHILADELPHIA. The Best Style Clothing in the City. The Best Made Clothing in the City. The Best Assortment in the City. OUR STOCK OF I>IECE G-OO.DS For Customer Trade, equal to any in the City. THE BEST CUTTERS IM" THE CITY. The Lowest Prices in the City for the same quality of goods. OUB IS/IOTTO- Uniform courtesy anfl fair ilealing with, eyeryljody. JOHN STILZ & SON, Seventh & Market Sts. JOHN A. STAMBACE IMPOKTEE & MANUFACTUEEE OP FANCY FURS, 826 ARCH STREET, PHILADELPHIA. The latest styles at low prices, and all Furs guaranteed as represented. K 3 3D ^ % [> <* H CARRIAGES! wm. t>. rogebs, CARRIAGE BUILDER, Manufacturer of First-class Carriages €9 1M M* "W, 1009 & 1011 Chestnut Street, PHILADELPHIA. V. H. SMITH & CO., WHOLESALE DRUGGISTS, Audi JPaint, Oil and Glass Dealers, S. W. cor. Second & Green Streets, PHILADELPHIA. MATHEMATICAL INSTRUMENTS, Drawing Paper and Drawing Materials, SPECTACLES, MICROSCOPES, SPY GLASSES, OPERA GLASSES, Magic Lanterns and Pictures, PHILOSOPHICAL INSTRUMENTS, Made and Imported by JAMES W. QUEEN & CO., Iffo. 924 Chestnut St., PHILADELPHIA. Illustrated and Price Catalogues on application. g. 8. SITTER. A. L. CORSON. S. S. BITTER & CO., MANUFACTURERS OF Hitter's Patent Truss, Of which he is Patentee and Sole Manufacturer, TRUSSES OF A.H,Ti ISI3ST1DS, Abdominal Supporters, Shoulder Braces, ELASTIC STOC2XCTOS, Ac. ALSO, MANUFACTURER OF MY PATENT TRUNK, Made out of Leather and Paste Board, without any seam. No. 727 Jayne Street, PHILADELPHIA. * ESTABLISHED 1851. J. REYNOLDS & SON, N. W. Gor. Thirteenth and Filbert Sts„ Philadelphia, Pa. 8ole Manufacturers of the Celebrated Wrought-Iron, Air-Tight, Ga$»C(MSUMtNG H.B&TBR, With Patent Dust Screen, Grate-Bar Rests, and WROUGHT-IRON RADIATOR. tr © pi Theae Heaters are made of heavy wrought-lron, ■well riveted together, the only sure prevention against the escape of gas or dust. They are easily managed, without any dampers. The Patent Radi- ator avoids the use and annoyance of drums, and is permanently attached to the Heater. This is the most durable, simple, economical and popular Heating* Apparatus ever offered for sale. They are all guaranteed. COOKING RANGES, for Hotels and Families, PORTABLE HEATERS, 8LATE MANTELS, LATROBE HEATERS, REGISTERS, and LOW DOWN GRATES, VENTILATORS WB ARE ALSO MAS UFACTURTNQ A NEW FLAT-TOP HEATING RANGE, Jjjjf" Send for our Illustrated Pamphlet. 2 W. H. BONER & CO. DEAIERS IX STRINGS £ MUSICAL I'lSTRUMENTS, <*.■! New Music received daily from all parts of the Country. CALL AND EXAMINE OUR STOCK. ^wis ladomus &co; DIAMOND DEALERS & JEWELERS. WITCHES, JEWELRY * SILVER WARE. WATCHES and JEWELET EEPAIBEI 802 Chestnut St., P hU&: Would invite the attention of strangers and others to their large stock of Ladies 1 and Gent's Watches, Chains, Diamonds and Jewelry, Of the latest styles, of all descriptions. SOLID SILVER AND PLATED WARE, w earn rxzmrt, for wuuai wuwsiro. Watches repaired in the best 'manner. Our Goods ttrill be sold at low prices, and guaranteed to he as represented, 1 * JAS. E. CALDWELL & 00. 902 Chestnut Street, Invite attention to their Extensive Stock of Clioice CSrOOcSLs, COMPRISING JEWELRY, PORCELAIN, BRONZE and emtwo euvE&wanESt FINE PLATED GOODS, EUROPEAN NOVELTIES, AND Bare Articles of Art. JAMES E. CALDWELL & CO, 2 WILLIAM MANN, 'South Fourth St., w* BUNK BOOK UIIFICTDIER. AKB Steam Power Printer. MUSICAL BOXES FOB WEDDING AND CHRISTMAS GIFTS, Playing from 2 tc 12 Beautiful Melodiesj such as HOME, SWEET HOME, ROBIN ADAIR, etc., etc. Imported direct and for Bale at reduced prices by W&m & iG$@TH)l$, tapsters. 324 Chestnut St., bel. 4th, lower side, Philad'a. F. W. GRAEVE, WHOLESALE & RETAIL "\fco. &&*v TiiotWv j± isr^i'^r :m:.a.:p.. PHILADELPHIA: GEORGE DELP & CO., PRESS BUILDING. 1871. Entered according to Act of Congress in the year 1870, by GEORGE DELP, In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States, in and for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. CONTEN'i S. Page. Map of the City, General Viewof the City, . 5 and 13 Streets, . ;.. ....» • 3 Buildings, * 3 Population, 3 Voters, 7 Assessed Value of Real Estate, &c, 8 Foreign Trade, 9 and 190 Manufacturing Industry, 9 United States Taxes, 12 Elective Districts , » 12 Harbor, 12 Municipal Government. Mayor, 16 Select and Common Council, 17 Police Department, • • ••• 18 Chief of Police, 18 High Constables, 18 Detective Force, 18 Police Sations, 19 Fire Department,. 20 Fire Districts, •*•• 21 Police and Fire Telegraph, 21 Water Supply • 21 The Fairmount Water Works, 22 The Schuylkill Water Works, 22 The Delaware Water Works, 23 The Twenty-Fourth Ward Water Works, 23 Reservoirs, 23 1» to; VI CONTENTS. Department of Markets,.. 24 Public Markets, 24 New Markets, 25 Law Department, 26 City Controller, . 26 City Treasurer, 27 Department of City Railroads, 27 Department of Trusts, 27 Receiver of Taxes,... 27 Board of Revision of Tax Payers, 27 Department of Surveys, 28 Department of City Property, 28 Board of Health, 28 Registration Department of the Board of Health, 29 Lazaretto, 29 City or Municipal Hospital,. 29 City Gas Works, 29 Department of Highways, 31 Chief Inspector of Streets, 32 Guardians of the Poor, 32 Blockley Alms House, 33 Girard Estate, 35 Board of Building Inspectors, 35 Port Wardens, 36 Civil Courts. United States Courts, 37 United States Marshall, . 38 District Clerks United States Courts, 38 Supreme Court of the State of Pennsylvania, 38 District Court, 39 Prothonotary of District Courts...... , 40 Court of Common Pleas, , 40 The Insolvents' Court, 40 Registers' Court, ~ 40 Prothonotary ot Court of Common Pleas.., 40 CONTENTS. VII Pape. Coart of Oyer and Terminer, 41 Court of Quarter Sessions 41 The Clerk of Court of Quarter Sessions, 41 The Orphans' Court, 41 Clerk of Orphans' Coart, 41 District Attorney, 41 Sheriff of the City and County, 42 City Commissioners, 42 Recorder of Deeds, 42 Register of Wills, 42 The Coroner, 42 Justices of the Peace, 43 The Recorder, 43 Aldermen, 43 Police Magistrates, ~ 43 Constables, 43 Elections, 44 The Pennsylvania Prison System. Prison Society of Philadelphia, 46 State Penitentiary, t 47 The Moyamensing Prison, 49 House of Refuge, ... &0 Public Buildings, and Commercial Buildings and Institutions. State House, , 52 Navy Yard, 54 United States Arsenal, Frankford, 54 United States Arsenal, Gray's Ferry Road, '. 54 United States Naval Asylum, 55 United States Mint, 55 Postal Arrangements, 56 United States Mail Stations, 56 Custom House, 57 Vlll CONTENTS. Pape. Custom House Officers, , .... 58 Naval Officer and Clerks,. 58 Storekeeper of Customs, 58 Surveyor of the Port, 58 Inspectors of Customs, 58 Appraiser's Office, 58 Weighers, Gaugers and Measurers, 59 Assistant Treasurer of United States,, 59 Banks, 59 Bank Clearing House, 62 Saving Fund Societies, 63 Insurance Companies, 63 Philadelphia Board of Trade, 63 Philadelphia Corn Exchange, , 64 Philadelphia Exchange Building, 64 The Board of Brokers, 64 The Commercial Association, 65 Bridges, 65 City Tobacco Warehouse, 66 City Armory, 6Q Education. Public Schools, 67 Board of Controllers of Public Schools, 67 Board of Directors of Public Schools, 67 Central High School, 68 Girls' High and Normal School, 68 Grirard College, 68 Board of Directors of Girard College. 69 Officers of Girard College, . 69 University of Pennsylvania, 70 Medical Colleges, * 70 Jefferson Medical College, 71 The Philadelphia University, 71 Medicine and Surgery, 71 CONTENTS. IX Pape Eclectic Medical College, 71 Medical Society of Pennsylvania, 71 American Medical Association, 71 College of Physicians, . 71 Northern Medical Association of the State of Penn- sylvania, 71 Homeopathic Medical College of Pennsylvania, 72 Female Medical College, 72 College of Dental Surgery, 72 Philadelphia Dental College, 72 College of Pharmacy, 72 Alumni Association 72 County Medical Society, 72 Theological Schools, 72 Educational Associations, 74 Hebrew Education Society, 74 Polytechnic College, 74 Institute for Colored Youths, 74 Association of Friends for free Instruction, 74 Board of Education of the Presbyterian Church, 74 Baptist Educational Society, 74 Training School for Feeble-minded Children, 75 Institution for the Instruction of the Blind, :; 75 Home of Industry for the Blind, 76 Institution for the Deaf and Dumb, 76 Literary and Scientific Associations. American Philosophical Society, 78 Historical Society, 79 Academy of Natural Sciences, 80 Horticultural Society, 82 Athenaeum, ..; 82 The Franklin Institute, « 83 Agricultural Society, 83 Philadelphia Lyceum, 84 X CONTENTS. Ptge. Philadelphia City Institute, . 84 Spring Garden Institute, 84 Kensington Institute, ... 84 Moyamensing Institute, . 84 West Philadelphia Institute, , 84 •Wagner Free Institute, 84 Fine Arts. Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, 85 Engravers, 86 Photographers' Association......... 86 Institution for the Encouragement of Apprentices and Amateurs in Works of Ingenuity and Design, 86 School of Design for Women, 87 Graphic Association, 87 Artist Fund Society, 87 Numismatic Society, 87 Libraries. Library Company of Philadelphia...... 88 Mercantile Library, 90 Library of the Franklin Institute, 90 German Library, 91 Libraiy of the Pennsylvania Hospital, 91 Apprentices' Library, , 91 Friends' Free Library, 91 Law Library, 92 Library Association of 23d Ward, §2 Presbyterian Historical Library, 92 Southwark Library, 92 Girard Library,... 92 Library Association of Friends, 92 Library of University of Pennsylvania, 70 Library of Academy of Natural Sciences, 80 Athenaeum Library,... ., 82 CONTENTS. XI Page. Library of Historical Society, 79 Library of Academy of Fine Arts, . 85 Library of Horticultural Society, 82 Library of Pennsylvania Hospital, 110 Churches. Swedes' Church, , 94 Friends' Meeting Houses, 94 Episcopal Churches, .; 96 Baptist Churches, 98 Presbyterian Churches, ;..... 99 Dutch Reformed Chnrch, 103 Moravian Church, 103 New Jerusalem Church, 103 Lutheran Church, 103 German Reformed, 103 Roman Catholic Churches, 104 Methodist Churches, 105 Hebrew Synagogues, 105 Independent Churches, 106 Christian Churches, 106 Bible Christian Churches, 106 Disciples of Christ, 106 Church of the New Testament...... 106 Mariners' Churches, 106 Evangelical Association, 106 German Baptists, 106 Unitarian Churches, 106 Universalists Churches, 106 Congregationalist Churches, 106 French Evangelist Churches, 106 Spiritualist Churches, 106 Missionary Boards, 107 Bible and Tract Publication Societies, 108 Board of Education, 109 Xll CONTENTS. Page Benevolent Institutions. Pennsylvania Hospital, 110 Pennsylvania Hospital for the Insane Ill Will's Hospital for the Blind and Lame, 112 Hospital of the Protestant Episcopal Church, 113 Charity Hospital, 113 St. Joseph's Hospital, 113 The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, (Blight street,) 113 Howard Hospital and Infirmary, 114 Philadalphia Lying-in Charity and Nurse Society,.... 114 German Hospital, 114 Preston Retreat, ,.. 114 St'. Francis' Hospital, 114 Jews' Hospital, 114 Christ Church Hospital, 115 The City, or Municipal Hospital, 116 City Hospital, (Blockley) 116 Women's Hospital, 116 The Homeopathic Infirmary, 116 Children's Hospital, (11th street,) 116 Dispensaries, 116 Magdalen Asylum, 118 House of the Good Shepherd, 118 Rosine Association, 118 Philadelphia Orphans' Asylum, 118 Widows' and Single Women's Society, 118 Asylum for Persons deprived of their Reason, 119 Burd Asylum, 119 The Penn Asylum for Widows, 119 Asylum for Orphans and Widows of the Lutheran Church, 119 St. John's Asylum for Orphan Boys,... 119 St. Joseph's Female Orphan Asylum, 119 St. Vincent's Orphans' Asylum, 119 CONTENTS. xiil Page St. Ann's Widows' Asylum, ..••.••.• r* H9 German Reformed Orphan Asylum, . 119 Colored Orphans' Asylum, . 119 The Northern Home for Friendless Children, 120 Children's Home, 120 The Western Provident Home Association, 120 The Temporary Home Association, 120 The Newsboys' Aid Society, 120 Industrial Home for Girls, 121 Home for Destitute Colored Children, 121 Foster Home Association, 121 Association for Moral Reform of Destitute Children,. 121 The Grandom Institution, 121 Lutheran Home for Orphans, 122 St. Vincent's Home for Infants, 122 Church Home for Children, 122 Howard Institution, 122 Young Men's Home of Philadelphia, 122 Female Society of Philadelphia, 122 The Provident Society, 122 Union Benevolent Society, 122 Western Association for Relief of the Poor, 122 The Northern Association for the Relief of the Poor, 123 The Central Employment Association, 123 The Philadelphia Employment Association, 123 The Home Missionary Society, 123 United Hebrew Relief Association, 123 Association of Friends for the Relief of the Poor, « 123 Female Association for the Relief of the Sick, ..... 123 The Philadelphia Association for the Relief of Dis- abled Firemen, 123 Soup Houses, ^ 123 Miscellaneous Associations. The Masonic Order, 124 Independent Order of Odd Fellows, 1^4 2 XIV CONTEXTS. Page Sons of Temperance, 125 Society of the Sons of St. George, 125 Albion Society, 125 Hibernian Society, 125 St. Andrew's Society, 125 Scots Thistle Society, * 125 French Society, 125 German Society, 125 The Welsh Society, 126 Swiss Society, 126 Union League, 126 Union League House, 126 National Union Club, 128 The Press Club, 128 United American Mechanics, , 129 Pennsylvania Club, 129 Keystone Club, 129 Philadelphia Club, 129 Boat Clubs, 129 Exchange ani> Business Associations. Board of Brokers of People's Exchange, 129 Butchers' and Melters' Association, 129 Coal Exchange of Philadelphia, 129 Farmers' Hay Exchange, 129 Philadelphia Drug Exchange, 129 Foreign Consuls in Philadelphia, 130 Places op Amusement. Theatres, 133 Academy of Music, 134 Walnut Street Theatre, 133 and 136 Arch Street Theatre, 136 Chestnut Street Theatre, 137. Fox's New American Theatre, 137 CONTENTS. XV Page. Carncross and Dixey's Ethiopian Opera, 137 Concert Hall, 137 Philadelphia Museum, ..* 137 Assembly Buildings, 137 Musical Fund Hall, 137 Handel and Haydn Hall, 137 Skating Parks, 138 Public Squares and Parks. State House, or Independence Square, 139 Washington Square, 140 Franklin Square, 140 Logan Square, 140 Rittenhouse Square, 140 Penn Squares, 141 Jefferson Square, 141 Norris Square, 141 Shackamaxon Square,......! 141 Hunting Park, ....■ 141 Parade Ground, 142 Fox Square, 142 Germantown Square, 142 Fairmount Park, , 142 Lansdowne Park, 143 Point Breeze Park and Race Course, 143 Cemeteries. Swedes' Church Burial Ground, 144 Friends' Burial Ground, 144 Christ Church Burial Ground, 144 The Mutual Buriai Ground, 145 Laurel Hill Cemetery, 145 jLVl CONTENTS. Page Woodland Cemetery, 145 Ronaldson Cemetery, 145 Machpelah Cemetery, .... 145 Lebanon Cemetery, 145 Philadelphia Cemetery, .....; 146 Philanthropic Cemetery, 146 Lafayette Cemetery, 146 Cathedral Cemetery, 146 Glenwood Cemetery, 146 Mount Vernon Cemetery, 146 Monument Cemetery, 146 Odd Fellows' Cemetery 146 American Mechanics' Cemetery, 146 St. Mary's Cemetery, 146 Olive Cemetery, ~ 146 Mount Moriah Cemetery, 146 Mount Sinai Cemetery, 146 Friends' Cemetery, 146 Pair Hill Cemetery, 146 Hebrew Cemetery, 146 Cedar Hill Cemetery, 146 Leverington Cemetery, 147 Beth-el-Emeth Cemetery, 147 Potters' Field, 147 Hotels. Continental Hotel, , 148 Girard House, i 148 La Pierre House, 148 Merchant's Hotel, .......;.>.. .; 149 American Hotel, 149 Washington House, 149 Bingham House, 149 Union Hotel, 149 CONTENTS. XV11 Page Bald Eagle Hotel, 149 Barley Sheaf, 149 St. Lawrence Hotel, 149 Allegheny, 149 Arch Street House, 149 Markoe House, 149 St. Charles Hotel, 149 Mount Vernon Hotel, 150 Ridgeway House, 150 We tern Hotel, 150 Walnut Street House,..; 150 Newspapers. First Newspaper Published in Philadelphia, 151 Press of Philadelphia 152 Daily Newspapers, 152 Tri- Weekly, 153 Weekly, 153 Periodicals, 155 Rail Roads. Pennsylvania Central Railroad. 159 Philadelphia and Reading Railroad, 162 New York Lines, 165 Camden and Amboy Railroad, via South Amboy., 165 Camden and Amboy Railroad, via Jersey City, 165 New York, Philadelphia and Trenton Railroad, via Kensington 166 Raritan and Delaware Bay Railroad for New York,.... lWI XV111 CONTENTS. Page. Camden and Atlantic Railroad, 167 West Jersey Railroad for Cape May, 167 Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad,.... 168 Philadelphia, Germantown and Norristown Railroad, Germantown Branch, 169 Norristown Branch, 169 West Chester Railroad, 169 Pennsylvania and Erie Railroad, .. 170 North Pennsylvania Railroad, 171 City Passenger Rail Roads. Second and Third Street Railway, 172 Green and Coates Street Railway, , 172 Germantown Passenger Railway, 172 Frankford and Southwark Railway, 173 Union Passenger Railway, 173 Fairmount Branch, Union Line, 173 Tenth and Eleventh Street, or Citizens' Passenger Railway, 174 Thirteenth and Fifteenth Street Railway, 174 Seventeenth and Nineteenth Street Railway, 174 Richmond and Schuylkill, or Girard Avenue Railway, 174 Ridge Avenue and Manayunk Passenger Railway, 174 Fairmount and Exchange, or Race and Vine Street Railway, 175 Hestonville, Mantua and Fairmount Passenger Rail- way, 175 West Philadelphia, Market Street Railway, 175 Darby Passenger Railway, 175 Philadelphia City Passenger Railway, 175 Philadelphia and Gray's Ferry — Spruce and Pine Street Passenger Railway, 175 Philadelphia and Olney Railway, 176 North Philadelphia Railway, , i 176 Delaware County Railway, 176 CONTENTS. XIX Page. Lombard and South. Street Railway, 176 Ferries. West Jersey Ferry, 177 Camden and Philadelphia Ferry...... 177 Camden Ferry, 177 Cooper's Point Ferry, 177 Gloucester Ferry, 177 Red Bank Ferry, 177 Steamboats Plying on the Delaware, 177 Miscellaneous. Rates of Fare, &c, of Hackney Coaches, 179 Telegraph Companies, 181 United States Assessors, 182 United States Collectors of Taxes, 182 Revenue Agency, , 182 Military Organizations, 183 Officers of United States Army in Philadelphia, 183 United States Quartermaster, 183 United States Pay Department, 183 United States Subsistence Department, 184 Commanding Officer Post of Philadelphia, 184 Assistant Surgeon United States Army, 194 United States Hospital, . 184 United States Pension Agency, 184 State Militia, 184 National Guards' Hall, * 185 Philadelphia Volunteer Refreshment Saloons, 186 Volunteers to the United States Army from Philadel- = phia, 186 Bounties Contributed and Paid by Philadelphia to Volunteers, 186 Contributions to Families of Volunteers,.. 186 Appropriations for Local Defence, 186 XX CONTENTS. Pac-e. Cooper's Shop Volunteer Refreshment Saloon,. 187 Union Volunteer Refreshment Soloon, 188 Commerce of Philadelphia, , 190 Philadelphia the Manufacturing Metropolis of the Union 192 MERCHANTS' EXCHANGE, Dock Street and Walnut PHILADELPHIA. A GENERAL YIEW OF THE CITY. Though ranking as the second in population, Philadelphia is beyond question the largest city in the number of buildings, extent of paved streets, and manufacturing industry in America. It was founded in 1682 by William Penn, and incorporated in 1701. The bounds of the city were then declared to be from the river Delaware on the east, to the river Schuyl- kill on the west ; and from Yine street on the north, to Cedar or South street on the south. The population of the city rapidly ex- tended beyond these boundaries. The suburbs were subsequently incorporated into districts, thus, forming ten or twelve governments for what was properly but one city. The incon- venience of this arrangement, long obvious, existed until 1854. In that year the various (5) 6 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. districts were consolidated into one municipal government. The jurisdiction of the city now extends over the entire county of Philadelphia, in like man- ner as New York city embraces the entire county of New York. The city area, now planned with street grades and lines, extends from the " Point House" on the south to a line on the north, including Ger- mantown, Chestnut Hill, Manayunk and Frank- ford; and from the Delaware river to a dis- tance of about two miles west of the Schuylkill river. Within this prescribed area there is about three hundred (300) miles of paved streets, and over one hundred and eleven thousand build- ings (111,000). No account is taken of build- ings in the rural districts. The population is now computed at nearly eight hundred thou sand (800,000). If the so-called " floating popu- lation" is included, it would far exceed these figures. In 1840 the population was 258,000 ; in 1850 it was 440,000; in 1860 it was 565,529. The rapid increase of the city can be realized when we state that the portion of the city north of Callowhill street, and west of Ridge avenue, with the exception of a few buildings on Coates' street, and about one hundred and fifty in Fran- cisville, were " Commons" in 1850. ELASTIC STOOGE, as a substitute for curled hair for all upholstery purposes, is much cheaper than feathers or hair, and far superior. Physi. ciars universally recommend it as the dryest, cleanest and most healthful beading known. It will not mat or pack at all : Is always free from insect life, and if •oiled in any way, can be renovated more readily than any other mattress. Special attention given t'» furnishing churches, halls, cars, &c.; and as it will not burn, has also this great additional advantage for railroad and Bleeping car purposes, as fire can be smothered out with it. Every article made of the ELASTIC SPONGE is guaranteed to give ■atisfaction. For sale by all the principal Furniture Dealers and Upholsterers. PENN'A ELASTIC SPONGE CO. JTo. 1111 CHESTNUT STREET, PHILADELPHIA. WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS: PENN'A ELASTIC SPONGE COMPANY, 1111 Chestnut Street. JOSEPH WALTON & CO., Furniture Dealers, 413 Walnut St. P. P. GUST I NE, Furniture Dealer, Second and Race Streets. AMOS HILLBURN, Upholsterer, 44 North Tenth Street. BELL & CO., Furniture Dealers, 223 North Sixth Street. EICHMOND & CO., Furniture Dealers, 45 South Second Street 11 M. WALKER & SONS, MANUFACTURERS 09 1 WIRE and CORRUGATED Wrought Iron Hailing SUITABLE FOR ENCLOSING OIKDiTIBY LOTS* @@>TTA©I§, BANK COUNTEKS, &o. WROUGHT IRON FARM FENCES, IK GKKAT VARIETY FOB FKNCIN3 Lawns, Country Seats, &c. Wire Webbing, for Poultry Yards, Ornamental "Wire Work for Conserva- tories, Green Houses, Gardens, &o. Every variety of Wire Cloth for Paper Makers, Iron Bedsteads, Screens for Coal, Sand and Gravel. WIRE GUARDS FOR STORE FRONTS, FACTORIES, ASYLUMS Ao. Every information furnished by Manufacturers, M. WALKER & SONS, No. 11 North Sixth Street, PHIL ADELP HI A. 12 HAND-BOOK IN PHIIADELPHIA. 13 Receipts of cotton by water at this pert for the years 1865-6 : 1S65. 1866. Bales. Bale*. New Orleans . . 3,596 7,079 Mobile 196 360 Wilmington... 322 1,101 1855. 1866. Bales. Bales. Sonth America .1,406 400 West Indies. ..-<. 386 300 2,788 8,465 Total 11,966 20,517 Receipts of naval stores at this port for the years 1865-6 : 1865. 1866. Rosin, bbls 4,136 25,298 Tar,bbls 1,041 3,513 Pitch, bbls 45 1,322 Spirits Turpentine, bbls 497 3,931 Total 5,719 34,064 To specify the various branches of produc- tive industry in the city would far exceed the limits and scope of this work. The Iron, Coal, and Petroleum trade, each in themselves of enormous magnitude, would require a volume to do justice to this subject. There was paid to the Department of Internal Ke venue of the United States by Philadelphia, during the year ending June 30th, 1864, $6,038,998 ; while the special income tax, levied in 1864, on the profits of business, &c, was $2,330,358, making a total of taxation levied in the city in 1864, $8,364,356, for the general government. The city comprises 27 wards; 5 Congressional, 4 Senatorial, and 17 Kepresentative Districts. It commands extensive water privileges; the Delaware river, from its mouth to the city, hav- ing sufficient depth to float the largest vessels built. (In the year 1856, the ship "Cathedral" 14 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. attempted to enter the harbor of New York. She was so deep in the water that she could not cross the bar. Her destination was immedi- ately changed to Philadelphia, which port she reached without difficulty, and landed her cargo at a city wharf). The Schuylkill river, a stream in itself larger than the Thames at London, winds its way through the centre of a large portion of the city. The waters of both rivers are fresh. The air pure and the climate temper- ate ; these with the admirable location and gene- ral plan of the city, renders it one of the most healthy in the United States. With some few exceptions, the streets of the city cross each other at right angles ; those south of Callowhill street, running nearly due north and south. The streets in the north-east por- tion of the city present a more irregular appear- ance. The plan of the city is divided by two principal streets, viz. :— High or Market street, running east and west; and Broad or 14th street, running north and south. At the inter- section of these noble avenues, Penn appropri- ated ground — the present " Penn Squares," — for the erection of " City Buildings." Why are not his wishes carried out ? The streets running north and south are designated in numerical order, from the Dela- ware river : as Front street, Second street, HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 15 Third street, and so on : while those running east and west are designated by the names of trees, &c, such as Chestnut street, Walnut street, Spruce street or Pine street, or fancy names, principally however, after some noted citizen of the country. The city is divided north and south from Market, or High street ; the cross streets south of that line are designated as south Second •street, south Third street, &c. Those north are designated as north Second street, north Third street, &c. The numbering of houses are by blocks. Thus, the block from Front to Second street, is numbered from one to one hundred ; from Second to Third street from two hundred to three hundred^ and so on. The convenience of this arrange- ment is very great; for a person desiring to find the number of say 607 Sansom street, knows that it is between 6th and 7th streets. Railways traverse all the leading streets, upon which convenient cars run every few minutes, affording easy transit to or from any point in the city. The general plan of Philadelphia is complete, the streets running as they mostly do for miles in a straight line, add grandeur to their appear- ance, while they admit a full current of air to all quarters. 16 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. THE MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT consists of a Mayor, a Select and Common Council. The Mayor is elected by the people for a term of three years. The qualifications for this important office require the candidate to be at least thirty years of age, to be a citizen of the United States, and to have resided seven years preceding his election in the State — the last two thereof in the city. The authority of the Mayor is complete and extensive. In addition to his other powers con- ferred by law, he is the Chief of the Police force. He has all the powers likewise formerly pos- sessed by the Sheriff of the County over the military. In case of riot, he can call in the aid of that power, and it is the duty of the Major- General or commanding officer of the District to assist him promptly with such portion, or the whole of his department, as may be required. Mayor, Daniel M. Fox. Mayor's Office, City Hall, S. "W. corner of Fifth and Chestnut streets, 2d story. HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 17 The Select Council consists of twenty -six members, one from each ward. They are elected by the people for a term of three years. It is so arranged that one-third of the entire number are elected annually. The members of this board must have the same qualifications as are required by the State Constitution for members of the State Senate. By law it is provided that each ward shall have a member of Common Council for each two thousand tax- able inhabitants that it contains, according to the list of taxables for the preceding year. The members of this body are elected for a term of two years, and their election is so arranged that one-half are chosen annually. The Common Council at present consist of 49 members. The Stated Meetings of Councils are held on the Thursdays of each week, at 3 o'clock, p. M. Council Chambers, second story of the State House. That of the Select Council in the east room, and that of the Common Council in the west room. These chambers are neatly fitted up. A visit to either will prove entertaining. The sessions are open to the public. Council Booms and ClerVs Office, City Hall, S. W. corner of Fifth and Chestnut streets, second story, east room. The business of the Corporation is transacted under Departments, viz. : — Police, Fire, Water 18 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. Markets, Law, City Controller, City Treasurer, City Eailroads, Taxes, Trusts, Health, Girard Estate, Gas, Poor, Highways, Surveys, and City Property. The Police Department, embraces the Mayor as Executive, the Mayor's clerks, 1 Chief of Police, 8 High Constables, 1 Chief of Detec- tives, 8 Detectives, 17 Lieutenants, 33 Sargeants, 663 Patrol men, 17 Police Magistrates, and 1 Fire Marshal. The force is divided into a centre station and 16 Police Districts. Central Police Station, City Hall, first door below Chestnut street. (S. W. cor. 5th and Chest- nut.) This is also the headquarters of the Chief of Police, the High Constables, Detectives, Keserve Corps, and Fire Marshal. Persons arrested for felony, have a hearing at this station before the Mayor, or a Police Magistrate selected by him. The Chief of Police holds office by appoint- ment from the Mayor, by and with the approval of the Select Council. The High Constables are appointed to enforce the city ordinances in relation to hackney-coaches, obstructions on streets, signs, awnings, &c. The Detective Force are detailed for the deten- tion and arrest of criminals, and the recovery of stolen property. HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 19 yirsl Police District Station House — N". E. coiner of Twentieth and Fitz water streets. Second Police District Station House — South- ward: Hall, Second street above Christian street. Third Police District Station House — Union street below Third street. Fourth Police District Station House — Cherry street west of Fourth street. Fifth Police District Station House— Fifteenth street above Locust street. Sixth Police District Station House — Filben street west of Fifteenth street. Seventh Police District Station House — North- ern Liberty Hall, Third street below Green street. Eighth Police District Station House — Spring Garden Hall, Thirteenth and Spring Garden streets. Ninth Police District Station House — N". W corner Twenty-third and Brown streets. Tenth Police District Station House — Commis sioners' Hall, Front and Master street. Eleventh Police District Station House — Dau phin street and Trenton avenue. Twelfth Police District Station House— JR. W corner of Tenth and Thompson streets. Thirteenth Police District Station House— Mail ayunk. Fourteenth Police District Station House — Ger mantown Hall, Germantown. 20 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. Fifteenth Police District Station House — Frankford. Sixteenth Police District Station House — West Philadelphia Hall, corner of Market and 39th streets. In case of riot, the police force, by the aid of the " Police Telegraph" and city railroads, can be concentrated promptly to any point in the city. Strangers desiring information or direc- tions in the city, should address one of these officers, readily distinguished by their blue uniform, who are required to be, and always are courteous and obliging to those seeking information. Should they desire the aid of a police-magistrate, go direct to the Mayor's office. The Fire Department is under the direc- tion of a Chief Engineer, a Secretary and five Assistant Engineers. The force consists of 89 companies, having in their possession 39 steam engines ; 25 hand engines; 113 hose carriages; 7 hook and lad- der trucks with 1300 feet of ladders ; 154 axes; 53 hooks; 89,410 feet of hose, and 1130 feet of suction hose. There are connected with the Department 39 engineers of steam engines, 39 drivers, 80 horses, and 33 ambulances. The total number of members, including active, honorary, and contributing is 12,724. HAND BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 21 The city is divided into seven Fire Districts, viz. : First District extends from the Delaware river to the Schuylkill river, south of Spruce street. Second Fire District, from Spruce street to Race street, and from the Delaware river to the Schuylkill river. Third Fire District, from Eace street to Green street, and from the Delaware river to the Schuylkill river. Fourth Fire District, from Green street to Allegheny avenue, and from the Delaware river to the Schuylkill river. Fifth Fire District, north of Allegheny avenue from Broad street to the Delaware river. Sixth Fire District, north of Allegheny avenue from Broad street to the Schuylkill river. Seventh Fire District, Twenty-fourth ward, or all west of the Schuylkill river. Office of the Chief Engineer — City Hall, S. W. corner of Fifth and Chestnut streets. Office of the Police and Fire Tele- graph — City Hall, S. W. corner of Fifth and Chestnut street, first floor, west room. The Police, and Fire Telegraph arrangements of this city are complete and perfect. The Water Supply of the city is derived from the Fairmount Works; Schuylkill Works ; Delaware Works, and the Twenty -fourth Ward Works, all under charge of the 4 22 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. Water Department, which consists of a Chief Engineer, a Kegister, a Chief Clerk, five Permit Clerks, a Messenger, four Inspectors, four Purveyors; two Engineers at Fairmount "Works, two at Delaware Works, and two at the Twenty-fourth Ward Works. The Fairmount Works are situated on the east shore of the Schuylkill river, above the SuspensionBridge. Visitors to Fairmount will take the Green and Coates street, Eace and Yine street, Arch street, or Seventh and Ninth street (Union line) cars, all of which lines run direct to Fairmount. These magnificent works were erected in 1819, but have been subsequently enlarged and im- proved. The works are now in excellent order. They supply the 1st, 2d, 3d, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th and 10th wards. The first four wards are supplied from the Corinthian avenue reser- voir ; the others from the reservoirs at Fair- mount. Fairmount has long been regarded as the pride of Philadelphia, and no stranger should leave the city without visiting it. The grounds have lately been largely extended, and they are now, in connection with " Fairmount Park," the most popular place of resort in or about the city. The Schuylkill Water Works are situa- HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 23 ted also on the same river, at the foot of Thomp- son street. These works supply the 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th, and loth wards. The Delaware "Water Works are situated on the river Delaware, at the foot of Wood street in the 18th ward. They supply the 16th, 17th, 18th, 19th, and 20th wards. The 24th Ward Water Works are situ- ated on the Schuylkill river, opposite Fair- mount Park. There is no reservoir attached to these works. The large stand-pipe, an object of considerable architectural beauty, and from which a magnificent view of the city can be ob- tained, operates as a reservoir and regulator of the pressure. Eeservoirs. The Eeservoir at Fairmount is divided into four basins having in the aggregate, a capacity of 26,896,636 gallons. A fine walk surrounds these basins, from which a charming view of the city can be had. The Corinthian Avenue Eeservoir, Cor- inthian avenue and Poplar street, has a capacity of 37,500,000 gallons. It is 124 feet above high water. One 48-inch main, connects this reservoir with Fairmount, and a 30-inch dis- tributing main, supplies the wards pieviously mentioned. The Schuylkill Eeservoir, Twenty-sixth 24 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. and Master streets, has an elevation of 124 feet above high water. Its capacity is 9,800,000 gallons. The Delaware Reservoir, Lehigh avenue and Sixth street, has a storage capacity of 9,400,000 gallons, and is 117 feet above high water. The facilities of distribution from these Reservoirs is extensive, and embrace about 360 miles of street main. Department of Markets consists of a Com- missioner, Chief Clerk, and thirteen clerks to attend to the Public Markets. This Department has the supervision of all the public wharves and landings. Office — S. W. corner of Fifth and Walnut streets. The Public Markets. Wharton Market, Moyamensing avenue. Washington Market, Shippen street, between Third and Fifth streets. South Eleventh Street Market, Eleventh street from Shippen to Carpenter street. South Second Street Market, S. Second street, from Pine to South street. North Second Street Market, N. Second street from Coates to Poplar street. Callowhill Street Market, Callowhill street from Fourth to Seventh streets. HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 25 Spring Garden Market, Spring Garden street, from Marshall street to Twelfth street. Girard Avenue Market, Girard avenue. [Richmond Market, from Eichmond to Sal- mon street, 19th Ward. Frankford Market, Frankford. Market stands for wagons are still continued on North and South Second street, on South street from Front to Fifth street, on Broad street, at Penn Square, on Callowhill street west from Broad street, at Broad and Coates streets, and on South street west of Broad street. In addition to these Public Markets, there are The New Market Houses established by private enterprise. The facade of some of these buildings are very elegant, while their construction and gene- ral arrangement is well designed for the* con- venience of seller and buyer. Each of these enterprises has been entirely successful. These buildings are located as follows : Delaware Avenue Market, Delaware avenue to "Water street, and Dock to Spruce street. Eastern Market, Fifth and Merchant streets. Farmers' Market, Market street below Twelfth street. Franklin Market, Market street and Twelfth street. Western Market, Market and Sixteenth streets. 26 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. Farmers' Western Market, Twenty-first and Market streets. Union Market, Seventeenth street above Mar- ket street. Union Market, Second above Callowhill street. People's Market, Pine street near Nineteenth street. Green Hill Market, Seventeenth and Poplar streets. Avenue Market, Eidge avenue above Broad street. Fairmount Market, Spring Garden and Twenty- second streets. Kater Market, South street near Sixteenth street. Germantown Market, Germantown avenue, between School and Queen streets. It will thus be seen that this city is well sup- plied with markets. Few cities can boast of better. The Law Department of the city. — Office — Law Buildings, Fifth street below Walnut street, consists of a City Solicitor, three Assist- ant Solicitors and one Clerk. This department has charge of all patents, deeds, wills, leases, mortgages, contracts, bonds, notes, and other evidences of debt belonging to the city. ■ City Controller. — Office — Girard Bank Building, Third street, below Chestnut street. In this department all city accounts are audited. HANE BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 27 The controller also countersigns all warrants drawn on the City Treasury. City Treasurer, — Same building, first floor, is the custodian of all city funds. The City Controller and City Treasurer are elected by the people for a term of three years. The Department op City Railroads is in the charge of a Superintendent who is elected by councils for a term of one year. The City Railroad extends through Market, Broad, and Willow streets. Office — Market street east of Fifteenth street. Department of Trusts consists of a Super- intendent, who is elected annually by councils. He has the charge of collecting and distribut- ing certain miscellaneous trusts bequeathed to the city for charitable purposes. Office — Wills' Hospital, Race street, west of Eighteenth street. Department of Taxes. — Office — S. E. corner of Chestnut and Sixth streets. The principal officer of this department is The Receiver of Taxes, who is elected by the people for a term of two years. He col- lects the State, County, and City Taxes. The Receiver of Taxes, together with the City Treasurer and City Commissioners, form a Board of Revision for tax payers, for the cor- rection of irregularities of assessments, &c. 28 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. Department of Surveys. — Office — Law Buildings, Fifth street below "Walnut street. This Department consists of a Chief Engineer and Surveyor, two Recording Clerks, a Draughts- man, a Rodman, and twelve Surveyors and Regulators, all of whom are elected by councils for a term of five years. The Department of City Property. — Office, Third street, above Spruce street, west side, has charge of all the public buildings, Court rooms, offices, Parks, Squares, &c. The Commissioner of City Property is elected annually by councils. Board of Health. This important Department is composed of twelve members, elected for a term of three years; it being arranged that four shall be elected annually as follows : one by the Judges of the District Court ; one by the Judges of the Court of Coinmon Pleas ; one by the Judges of the Supreme Court, and one by the City Coun- cils. The officers of the Board are a President and Secretary. The Executive Officers of the Board are a Health Officer ; Port Physician ; Lazaretto Phy- sician ; Quarantine Master. The elective officers are a Clerk, Assistant Clerk; three Registration Clerks; four Mes- HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 29 sengers; one Keceiver; a Night Inspector; a Stewardess of Lazaretto, and two Measurers of wells. The Meetings of the Board are not public. They are held daily from June 1st to October 1st, at 12 o'clock, M., and weekly on Tuesdays, from October 1st to June 1st. The jurisdiction of the Board of Health is ample and complete in all matters appertaining to the health and health regulations of the city and port. The Kegistration Department of the Board of Health, embrace the records of the mar- riages, births, and deaths within the city. The administration of this department has ever commanded the confidence of the people, as well from the high character and ability of its members, as for their judicious and efficient management of their responsible duties. Office, S. W. corner of Sansom and Sixth streets. The Lazaretto is pleasantly situated on the banks of the Delaware, about twelve miles south of the city. The City Hospital is situated corner of Hart Lane and Lamb Tavern Eoad, 21st "Ward. The City Gas Works are under the control of a Board of twelve Trustees elected by the City Councils, viz. : two trustees are elected by the Select Council, and SO HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. two by the Common Council, annually, for a term of three years. The Board of Trustees elect THE OFFICEKS OF THE DEPARTMENT, viz. *. a Chief Engineer, two Assistant Engineers, a Cashier, a Register, a Superintendent of Distri- bution, and a Chief Clerk. The business of the works is transacted through six offices. The Principal Office, Seventh street, between Market and Chestnut streets. Branch Offices, Spring Garden Hall, Spring Garden and Thirteenth streets, one in Germantown, one in the Twenty-fourth ward, in the West Philadelphia Hall, one in Manayunk, and one in Frankford. The City Gas Works, comprise those in the Ninth ward at Market Street Bridge, the new works at Point Breeze in the Twenty-sixth ward, the works near Fairmount in the Fifteenth ward, and those at Manayunk. The works at Market Street Bridge were the first established, and are extensive and complete. The area of the property occupied here, com- prises seven and a half acres, with a water front of eight hundred feet. In 1850 the whole of this ground was occupied by the establishment The works at Point Breeze, on the Passyunk Road, in the Twenty -sixth ward, went into operation on the thirteenth of December, 1854, HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 31 They embrace all the modern improvements, and are highly creditable alike to the city, the various Boards of Trustees, and particularly to Mr. John C. Cresson, the late Chief Engineer of the Department. They are justly considered " model works" in their construction, simplicity, convenience, and entire adaptation to the pur- pose for which they were designed. They will repay a visit. The other two works are comparatively small. The street mains now embrace 475J miles ; the number of lights in use is 617,770, of which 7,422 are street lamps. The total cost of the Department fox 1865, was $2,242,542 95 less .... 200,381 70 received from the sales of Coke, Tar, &c. The cost of manufacturing gas at these vari- ous works, averages $2^ per 1000 cubic feet. Department of Highways. The Chief Commissioner of Highways and two Assistant Commissioners constitute a Board of which the Chief is President. These officers are elected by the City Councils, annually. The Department has, in addition to these, a Li- cense Clerk, a Miscellaneous Clerk, and twenty- six District Ward Inspectors. Office, Philo- sophical Hall, Fifth street. This Department has charge of all matters 32 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. appertaining to the highways of the city, such as street paving, &c, also the licensing of vehicles in the city, &c. The cleansing of the streets formerly under the jurisdiction of the Highway Department, is now under the supervision of a Chief Inspector of Street Cleaning, whose duties are performed by the Mayor. Guardians of the Poor. — Office, 42 North Seventh street. This Board consists of twelve members who serve for a term of three years each. They are elected as follows: On the first Monday in June of each year the Judges of the Supreme Court elect one; the Judges of the District Court elect one; the Judges of the Court of Common Pleas one, and City Councils one. The parties thus selected must be electors, and reputable citizens, residing within the city. The Guardians have the entire administra- tion of the department under such ordinances and regulations as may be prescribed by the city councils. The Officers of the Board, who are elected by the Guardians on the first Monday of July, annually, consist of a President, a Treasurer, a Secretary, a Cleric and Steward. The annual expenses of the department is HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 33 $337,893,48, of which $245,108,00 is expended for the support of the "Blockley Alms House," and the balance, less 7,999,48, is spent for out- door poor." The " Blockley Alms House" is situated on the west side of the Schuylkill river ; en- trance on the Darby Post Eoad. Visitors will take the Market street cars to the Darby road ; thence by another line of cars running from there direct to the Alms House gate. The Institution, very extensive and complete, occupies a commanding position. It consists of four buildings, each five hundred feet long, and three stories high, including the basement. The eastern or principal front, is ornamented with a fine portico of six columns in the Tus- can order. On the south front is a large well- stocked and cultivated garden. An extensive play-ground for the children of the house, occu- pies the north front. A farm of 180 acres is also attached to the property. This farm is cultivated almost entirely by the inmates. The four buildings enclose a rectangular yard, used and occupied for the general purposes of the institution. The population of the Alms House averages about 2500. It must not be supposed they are here in idleness; under the present excellent management, those capable, are employed in 34 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. various occupations: the men as laborers, weavers, shoemakers, blacksmiths, carpenters, or in farming, gardening, carting, quarrying stone, &c. ; the women in sewing or general housework. The Institution also embraces an Insane De- partment, the number of whose inmates is about six hundred. A successful attempt has been made lately to find employment for these unfortunates. A large number of the females are engaged in plain sewing, binding shoes, &c; while several of the men work in the adjoining garden, with considerable skill. Economy is not the object here. The sanitary results of finding employment for the mind is of far greater importance. The Children's Asylum contains about 200 of ali ages. The arrangement of the buildings within, are on a scale corresponding with its exterior ; the men's dining-hall, on the first floor, being sufficient to accommodate five hundred persons. Attached to the House, there is also an ob- stetric apartment, an extensive library, and a museum. The whole establishment is kept in excellent order, and is an object well worth the attention of the stranger. HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 35 Trustees of Girard Estate. — Office, 19 South 5th street. The Corporation of 'the City of Philadelphia are the Trustees of the Girard Estate. Councils annually elect a Superintendent and an Agent. The latter rents the Girard property, under the approval of a Committee of Councils. Board of Building Inspectors. — Office, Philosophical Hall, Fifth street below Chestnut street, 2d story west room. By the "Act of Assembly" of 1808, it is pro- vided that a "Board of Building Inspectors" shall be appointed as follows : — In the month of May, one by the Judges of the Supreme Court, one by the Judges of the Court of Com- mon Pleas, and on the third Thursday in April, one by the Common Council, for a term of three years. Vacancies supplied by the appointing power. It is the duty of these Inspectors to visit in person, or by deputy, and inspect all buildings in progress of construction or alteration, and to see that such house, or houses, or buildings are being constructed or altered in compliance with the Laws made and provided therefor. Permits for building are granted by this De- partment, and no building can be erected or altered within the "fire limits" of the city, with- out such a permit. 86 HA.ND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. Port Wardens are also appointed by the Common Council. The Board consists of six- teen members, who serve for a term of two years each : eight being elected in May of each year. The Executive Officers comprise a Master Warden, Harbor Master, a Deputy Harbor Master and a Clerk. The Port Wardens have jurisdiction over the harbor of Philadelphia, the construction of Docks, &c, to grant license to Pilots, and to prevent obstructions being placed in, or allowed in the harbor or in the rivers. Office, No. 1 19 Walnut street. INDEPENDENCE HALL, 1776. HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 37 UNITED STATES, STATE, AND COUNTY COURTS. Civil Courts. Circuit Court of the United States, for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. Court Boom, Post Office Building, Chestnut street, second story. Entrance ojn Library street , below Fifth street. Clerk's Office, No. 435 Library street, second story. The Eegular Stated Sessions of this court are held on the first Monday of April, and on the first Monday of October in each year. District Court of the United States, for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. Court Boom, Post Office Building, Chestnut street. Entrance, No. 435 Library street The Eegular Sessions of this court are held on the third Mondays of February, May, August, and November in each year. Special Sessions are held for the trial of Admiralty cases. Clerk's Office, No. 435 Library street, second story. 38 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. There is a United States Makshal and six Deputy Marshals for the district. Office, No. 435 Library street, second story. There are also two Prize Commissioners attached to the district. Persons desiring affidavits taken by a United States Commissioner, can obtain the address of the various persons appointed for that purpose, by applying at the District Clerk's Office, No. 435 Library street. Supreme Court of the State of Pennsylvania. This Court consists of one President Judge, and five Associate Judges. Court Eoom — East wing of State House, second story. Office of the ProthonotarY of the Su- preme Court, No. 7 State House Kow. There is one term of this Court in Banc for the Eastern District of the State, held in Phila- delphia, on the first Monday in January, and continuing thirteen weeks if required. The .other terms of the Court are held at Harrisburg, at Sunbury, and at Pittsburg. Keturn Days — The first and last days of each term ; the Court can fix special days. Supreme Court of Pennsylvania at Nisi Prius. HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 39 There are three sessions of this Court held in Philadelphia, by the same Judges, alter- nately, commencing on the first Mondays of November, January, and March in each year. The Judges at Nisi Prius hear and deter- mine all cases in equity, brought in the Su- preme Court. Keturn Days — The first Monday in each month. Judges of the Supreme Court are elected by the people for a term of fifteen years. Pisteict Court — Second story of building S. E. corner of Chestnut and Sixth streets ; en- trance on Sixth street. This Court consists of a President and three Associate Judges, who hold four terms in each year, commencing on the first Mondays of March, June, September and December. The Court sits in Banc upon the first Mondays of these months to hear motions and arguments. The Court also meets for jury trials, after the arguments have been concluded, for March, September, and December terms, which con- tinue nine weeks for each term. There are no jury trials in the June term. Judgment Day — The third Monday in every month. Keturn Day — The first Monday in each month. 40 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. The Judges of this Court are elected by the people for a term often years. The Prothonotary of District Court is elected by the people for a term of three years, and is paid by fees. Office, No. 12 State House, Chestnut street. Court of Common Pleas consists of a Presi- dent and three Associate Judges, who hold their sessions in room No. 2, State House. The regular terms of the Court commence on the first Mondays of March and June, the third Monday in September, and the first Monday in December. Keturn Days — The first Monday of each month. June Term is devoted to motions and arguments. The Insolvents' Court is held by the Judges of the Co art of Common Pleas, four times in each year, the day being fixed by the Court. The same Judges, together wiih the "Kegister of Wills," form the Eegister's Court, who hear and decide all cases in dis- pute before the Eegister of Wills. The Judges of the Court of Common Pleas, are elected by the people for a term of top. years. The Prothonotary of the Court of Com- mon Pleas is also elected for a term of three years, by the people. He is paid by fees. Office, No. 9 State House, Chestnut street. HAND-BOOK IN- PHILADELPHIA. 41 Couet of Quarter Sessions. — Chambers first floor in the building, S. E. corner of Chest- nut and Sixth streets. The Judges of the Court of Common Pleas hold a Court of Quarter Sessions six terms in each year. Eoad cases are also heard and dis- posed of by the same Judges. They also hold a Court of Oyer and Terminer, and general jail delivery, four terms a year, at the several terms appointed for holding the Court of Quar- ter Sessions. The Clerk of the Court of Quarter Sessions is elected by the people, for a term of three years. He is paid by fees. Office, No. 10 State House, Chestnut street. The Orphans' Court is also held by the Judges of the Court of Common Pleas. It is held the first and third Fridays of each month. There are days appropriated for hearing argu- ments. These Judges have also Equity and Chancery powers. The Clerk of the Orphans' Court U elected by the people, for a term of three years. Paid by fees. Office, No. 3 State House, Chestnut street. District Attorney Office, No. 212 South 1'ifth street, second story. He is elected by the people, for a term of three years. 42 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. The Sheriff of the City and County is the chief executive officer of the State and County Courts. He is elected by the people, for a term of three years, and is paid by fees. Sheriffs Office, No. 4 State House, east wing. City Commissioners. — Office, second story, room No. 11 State House. There are three of these officials. They are elected by the people, for a term of three years; one being elected annually. The City Commissioners have juris- diction over all duties relating to assessors and assessments ; to the selection and drawing of jurors, and to election and election officers. Recorder of Deeds. — -Office, No. 427 Chest- nut street, up stairs, is elected by the people, for three years. All deeds and mortgages on real estate, in the city and county, must be re- corded in this office. Paid by fees. Register of Wills. — -Office, No. 6 State House, east wing. All Wills must be recorded here before being acted on. He is elected by the people, for three years. Paid by fees. The Coroner is elected by the people, for three years. He is also paid by fees, and has jurisdiction to examine into all cases of sudden death, and as such has the power of a commit- ting magistrate. Office, Philosophical Hall, Fifth street, below Chestnut, first floor, front. hand-book is philadelphia. 43 Justices of the Peace In and for the City of Philadelphia, consists of a Kecorder and fifty Alderman. The Kecorder is appointed by the Governor of the State by and with the consent of the Senate, and holds office for a term of ten years. He has all the jurisdiction and powers of a committing magistrate, equal with the Mayor, and with that officer, has' charge of the city seal. Eecorder's Office, No. 521 Chestnut street. Aldermen. — There are two of these officials in each ward of the city. They are elected by the people, for a term of five years, but receive their commissions from the Governor of the State. They are paid by fees. The aldermen are committing magistrates, and have jurisdiction also in civil suits under one hundred dollars. Sixteen of these magis- trates are selected by the City Councils as Police Magistrates, viz. : one for each of the Police Districts, whose duties are to hear the charges against such parties as may be arrested by the police. Constables. — There are two in each ward, except in the rural districts, where a larger num- ber is allowed. Constables enter security and receive their commissions from the Court of Quarter Sessions. They are elected by the peo- 44 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. pie for a term of two years, and are paid by fees. Elections. All Congressional, State, County, and Municipal elections in this city are held on the second Tuesday in October of each year. EASTERN PENITENTIARY, Coates street. HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 45 THE PENNSYLVANIA PRISON SYSTEM. More earnest thought and practical effort has been devoted in Pennsylvania to education, to the alleviation of the wretchedness of the poor, and to the mental and moral diseases than in any other American community. The founders of this State were a thinking, practical, and benevolent people, free from those excitements which zeal without knowledge often produce to degenerate into prejudice. They were christians whose faith was never carried into bigotry through emotional influences. The happiness of man, his improvement, welfare, social and moral progress, were the aims to which their exertions were directed. - They had no theories of reform that were not constantly tested by practical means, as elementary to an organized system for social improvement. What they did was in obedience to conscience. Their motto of " unbroken faith" in private and pub- lic acts, was the key to their integrity of pur- pose, in all relation to society and government. So far back as 1776, men of thought and action met in Philadelphia to undertake the peaceful, humane, and christian reformation of the then Colonial penal laws. This society, so 6 46 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. early established, was the present " Phila- delphia Society for the Alleviations op the Miseries of Public Prisons." The efforts of this organization resulted in the enact- ment of the Penal laws of 1794. This statute formed the first step in the march of enlighten- ment, which having attracted the attention, during its progress, of civilized nations, termi- nated in the present Penitentiary system of Pennsylvania. From 1794 to 1821, the Prison Society was engaged in giving their principles a practical form. The Pennsylvania system of Penitenti- ary discipline was the result of their labors. At this period, the old "Walnut Street Prison," that formerly stood on the corner of Walnut and Sixth streets, was the State Prison ; and the "Arch Street Prison," formerly at the cor- ner of Broad and Arch streets, was the County Prison. In both, the convicts were mostly together, their sex only dividing them. Expe- rience had demonstrated that this congregation of convicts, was the most cruel of all plans of punishment. The evil consequences of contami- nation, the bad, the unfortunate, the young offender, and the hardened in crime, the vile and irrepressible, the educated and the ignorant, combined in making a moral gangrene of the the prison population. HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 47 Separation of convicts became the next step in the progress of penitentiary reform. Looking over, as we have been permitted to do, the labors of men engaged in this work from 1776 to 1825, we feel it due to notice, and but truth to say that the efforts of the late Roberts Yaux in behalf of the system under notice, entitle his name to rank among the first philanthropists of the age, or indeed of any age. Principally through his exertions, the Act of the Legislature of 1821, authorizing the erection of the State Penitentiary for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania at Cherry Hill, (the designation of the ten acre farm bought for the site of the buildings ; hence the name gene- rally given the prison), was passed. The Act of 1829 reformed the penal laws of the State, and adapted them to the " separate system," to which the penitentiary was dedicated. It also enacted rules for the discipline of the prison. These two Acts are the foundation on which the Pennsylvania system rests. In the year 1829, the first convicts were re- ceived into the new prison, those in the " Wal- nut Street Prison" being removed to it to serve out the terms of their respective sentences. The old prison was taken down, and the ground and materials sold, and the funds realized thereon used in furnishing the Cherry Hill Prison. 48 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. The new buildings and the ten acre farm enclosed within the walls, cost $700,000. The present value of the property, owing to the rise in real estate, is estimated at over $1,000,000. Thus the State has made a good investment. There has been 4899 prisoners confined in the penitentiary since it was opened. This small number, averaging about 334 per year, is re- markable. The u Sing Sing" Prison, in New York, has an average of inmates exceeding the whole number of convicts confined in all the 'prisons in Pennsylvania. There are two State Prisons in this State ; one at Pittsburg and the other in this' city. In addition to these, there are County Prisons in Philadelphia, Montgomery, Dauphin, Berks, Lancaster, Chester, and Schuylkill counties, all built upon the " separate system." Since the year 1825, the attention of most of the governments of Europe and America has been directed to the experimental workings of our system of prison discipline. The French authorities sent two commissioners, Messis. Beaumont and De Toqueville, to investigate the subject in all its relations. These gentlemen on their return, published a most valuable report, in which the system is highly approved as a vast progress in. penal jurisprudence. Messrs. Crawford and Newman came from Great HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 49 Britain upon a like errand ; and after a careful and critical examination, a similar report was the result. From South America, several com- missioners have visited our institutions. Brazil, Peru, and Chilli, have in particular, taken the li veliest interest in this effort of their northern neighbors. Indeed, we may safely say, that no social or scientific question of the age attracts more attention among civilized nations, than this. The State Penitentiary is situated on Coates street west of Twenty-first street. Visitors will take the Green and Coates Street Cars, (green cars.) They cross Chestnut street at Eighth street. Tickets of admission obtained from the Mayor, or Mr. Richard Yaux, No 520 Walnut street, room 3, first floor. The Moyamensing, or Prison of Phila- delphia County. It is generally called " Moya- mensing," because it is located in the District of that name, which, at the time of its erection, was a' separate municipality of the old city. This Prison, situated on Passyunk Road and Tenth street, occupies an area of about eleven acres. The "Act of Assembly" authorizing its erection was passed in 1831. The buildings were finished in 1835. It has five hundred cells, and is constructed of granite, in the Tudor or English style of Gothic architecture. The Institution is under the management of a Board of Inspectors, who are appointed by the Courts. This mode of appointment has, after various others failed, given entire satisfaction to public opinion, as the best suited for securing an efficient 50 HAND-BOOK IN" PHILADELPHIA. direction of the establishment. It receives persons charged with crime, who are unable to obtain bail for their appear- ance at Court for trial ; disorderly and drunken persona arrested and committed for fine and costs ; vagrants, and those convicted and sentenced for crime by the Philadel- phia County Courts. There is a separate building attached to this prison, known as The Debtor's Apartment. It was erected for the reception of those who were arrested for debt by creditors. Imprisonment for debt being now abolished, this gloomy, Egyptian looking edifice is only a monument over the grave of the relics of that feudal prin- ciple which was at that time, the spirit of our inherited jurisprudence. The place is now used by the Sheriff of the County for the safe keeping of the contumacious against legal orders, or witnesses who might not be present when wanted in Court. Visitors will take the Tenth Street cars. Tickets of ad- mission obtained at the Mayor's office, Chestnut and Fifth streets. House of Eefuge — Girard avenue and Twenty-second streets. Tickets of admission obtained at 103 North Seventh street. Visitors take Kidge Avenue cars at Ninth and Arch streets to Girard. a venue, thence to Eefuge via the Girard avenue cars, and Green and Coates Street line to Twenty-first street. Growing out of the enlightened views which had been directed to adult offenders, came the subject of the young, whether convict, outcast, vicious, or vagabond, whose neglected condition was become a serious evil. Their age, the want of proper treatment, and above all a suitable place to keep them, and their interesting relations to society, awoke efforts for their welfare. The House of Refuge was recognized by law in the year 1826-27 as a place in which this neglected or wayward class could be reclaimed. HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 51 A voluntary association of citizens, having for its object the establishment of so needed an institution, was by Act of Assembly of the State, made a public corporation, and authorized to receive and detain juveniles committed to their custody by the Magistrates or Courts of the Common- wealth. To provide for its maintenance, appropriations are made annually from the State Treasury. Though it is not in the strict term a prison, yet it is a place of re- straint, a house of detention. The inmates are educated both mentally and in handicrafts, or bound to approved good masters as apprentices. The managers of this institution erected their first build- dings on Coates street, north side, above Ridge avenue, where it remained for several years. Frederick Koline, a gentleman of large wealth, who resided part of the year in Philadelphia, on Chestnut street above Tenth street, and whose winters were spent in Charleston, South Caro- lina, where he owned slaves and a large property, devised by will, one hundred thousand dollars to the institution under notice. When the managers obtained this magnifi- cent bequest, they erected their present building and sold their old site. The building consists of two ranges, one for white, and the other for black juveniles. Seperation of these unfor- tunate youths of both colors and sexes is partial only, sex and color being the basis. There is a classification how- ever, which is made of the good, worse and bad. The House of Refuge is of brick, and embraces very many improvements in its various arrangements. It ia spacious, well ventilated and warm, being heated by steam. The whole establishment wears an air of cleanliness, neat* ness, and comfort, quite refreshing. The Election of Managers is by the individual contribu- tors, who, with the present managers, are the successors of those who first established this noble charity. 52 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. PUBLIC BUILDINGS, AND COMMERCIAL BUILD- INGS, AND INSTITUTIONS. State House. By direction of the Eepresentatives of the freemen of the Province, certain lots on the sonth side of Chestnut street, between Fifth and Sixth streets, and extending south to Walnut street, were purchased in 1728. The corner- stone of the present State House was laid in 1729, and the building finished in 1734. In the following year it was occupied by the General Assembly of the Province, who continued its occupation until the removal of the seat of Government to Lancaster, in 1799. The First Congress used this building during the Revo- lutionary War, and until 1784, when they adjourned to meet in the City of New York. The east room on the first floor, is the chamber occupied by this Congress, and in which the Independence of this Nation was declared, July 4th, 1776. This Hall is now dedicated to the pub- lie, and remains in all its fixtures, &c, as it was on that memorable event. The two wings were added in 1790. In accordance with Acts of Assembly, one the 17th of January, 1762, and another on the 14th of May, in the same year, two lots, viz. : one on Sixth and Chestnut, and one on Fifth and Chestnut streets, were directed to be conveyed upon the payment of fifty pounds for each ; the first to Trustees for HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 53 the use of the County of Philadelphia, as a site for a pub- lic building for holding Courts, &c, and the second to the Mayor and Commonality of the city, for erecting a public building for city purposes. This transfer was not effected, however, until 1785. The buildings were erected in 1787-88. The City Hall was occupied from 1790 to 1800 by the Executive, Legislative, and Judicial authori- ties of the city and county; whilst the Congress of the United States, having removed from New York, in 1790, occupied the County Court Building, until the final trans- fer of the Government to Washington, in 1800. In 1812 the Legislature authorized the County Com- missioners to occupy the east and west rooms of the State House, for the accommodation of the public officers of the county. By authority of this act, those wings were enlarged, adapted, and have ever since been occupied by these officers. In 1818 the State House, with the whole of the square &c, waa transferred to the City, by the State, for the sum of $70,000, conditioned "that the square should forever remain an open walk for public use, and that no building whatever should be erected thereon. 1 * When these buildings were erected, it was thought their location was, or would be the centre of the city ; while their size and accommodation were supposed ample for all the purposes of, not only the State, but of the City and County governments. Yet but few years, comparatively, have passed, and they are now found to be far from the centre of the city, and totally inadequate for the use ot City Officers alone. Here then, we realize the forethought of William Penn, who, in the plan of his city, appropri- ated the Penn Square for the erection of a City Hall and other public buildings. In addition to the State House, City Hall, and County Court House, the Corporation own the various Halls, (formerly occupied by the governments of the Districts previous to " Consolidation." None of them are particu- 51: HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. larly noted for historical recollections or architectural merit) and the various gas works, water works, and Alms House, previously noted. Navy Yaed. This national establishment is situated on Front street, below Washington avenue; en- trance from the foot of Federal street. Visitors can have access to it via Second Street Passen- ger, and the Union Passenger Kailway cars. The ground embraces twelve acres, and contains all the necessary means for the construction of the largest class of war vessels. The various buildings are the officers' residences, quarters for Marines, moulding lofts, work- shops, store houses, ship houses, and a sectional floating dry dock of nine sections, capable of raising the largest ship of the line. The yard is open daily to visitors, except between the hours of 12 and 1 o'clock. The United States Aesenal, near Frank- f6rd, is a large establishment for the manufac- ture and storage of munitions of war. Visitors are admitted to the grounds and to the build- ings, upon application to the commanding officer of the post. This Arsenal and the Navy Yard will repay a visit. The United States Aesenal, Gray's Ferry Road, south of the Naval Asylum, access to both of which can be had by the Spruce and Pine Street Passenger Railway cars. The Arsenal is a depot for the storage of army HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA, 55 clothing, equipage, &c, and is open daily to visitors, from 9 to 12 o'clock, A. M., and from 2 to 7 o'clock-, P. M. United States Naval Asylum, Gray's Ferry Boad, below South street, was founded in 1835, as a naval school and hospital for pen- sioners, but is used for the latter purpose only. The principal building is of Pennsylvania marble, and has a front of 380 feet, including a centre building of 142 feet by 175 feet deep, embellished with an imposing portico of eight Ionic columns. The wings have verandahs on each story. The grounds, containing about twenty-five acres, are tastefully laid out in plots and flower beds, which, together with the pleasant situation of the Asylum, immediately on the banks of the Schuylkill, render this a delightful retreat. The Asylum has accommodations for 400 pensioners. Visitors are admitted by applica- tion at the gate. United States Mint— Chestnut street, be- low Broad. This structure is in the Ionic order, and presents a front on Chestnut street of over 100 feet, and extends back to Penn square. As a specimen of street architecture it is quite an orna- ment. The columns and entablature are of solid marble ; the rest of the structure is of brick, faced with marble ashler. The main entrance is from Chestnut street into a hall, where gentlemanly conductors await to escort you through the establishment. Visitors admitted every day (except Saturday and Sunday) bet ween the hours of 9 and 12 o'clock. The Cabinet op Coins in this Mint is a magnificent collection, embracing the coins of all nations and ages. 56 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. Here are specimens of the most remote antiquity, some of them coined eight hundred years hefore the christian era. The student of the Bible will here see the identical coun- terpart of the pieces of silver for which Judas betrayed his Lord and Master; here, also, he will see the "Widow's Mite ;" likewise the samples of the money which Solomon says he gathered with such care. The Chinese and Japanese coins, are perhaps the most unique of the whole collection. The Postal Arrangements Of the city are very complete. They consist of a central and ten branch offices, for the re- ceipt and delivery of letters, and nearly one thousand receiving stations for posting letters. The present Central Post Office, Chestnut street, east of Fifth street, was erected and occupied in 1862. United States Mail Stations. Station A.— No. 41 South 18th street. B. — Market street west of 37th street. " C. — S. E. corner Coates and Broad streets. D.— No. 1206 North 3rd street. E. — Richmond and William streets. F. — No. 90 Main street, Germantown. G. — Main street, below RR. Depot, Germantown. H. — Main street and Church avenue, Chestnut Hill. I. — Main street, Manayunk. K. — No. 502 Washington avenue. Post Offices open daily (Sundays excepted) from 6.30, A. M., to 8 o'clock, P. M. On Sun- day from 7.30 to 9.30 o'clock, A. M., and from 5 to 6 o'clock, P. M. HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPE. k. 57 The Station Boxes for receiving letters are scattered all over the city, nearly 500 of them being attached to lamp-posts at the corner of leading streets; the rest in prominent stores and hotels. All letters must be prepaid. The Branch Offices may be considered as complete for all purposes of the public, as the Central Office, inasmuch as they all sell postage stamps for the pre-pay ment of letters. Letters for mailing, after 4 o'clock p.m., should be taken direct to the Central office. The last returns from the Branch offices close for the day at that hour. Letters, if properly prepaid with stamps, can be dropped into any of the station boxes without trouble -or inquiry, and their delivery will be as prompt as if put into any of the offices. The Custom House, Is situated on Chestnut street, west of Fourth The Building has two fronts, one on Chest- nut street and one on Library street, each being ornamented by eight columns of the Doric order, 27 feet high and 4 feet 6 inches in diame- ter, and supporting a heavy entablature of the same order. As viewed from Chestnut street, the edifice has a rich, chaste, and elegant appearance. It is justly regarded one of the most beautiful structures in this country. The building was originally erected as a Banking House, at a cost of over $500,000. Subsequently, owing to the failure of the institution for which it was designed, it was purchased by the general Government, and appropriated to its present use, for which it is admirably adapted. The Principal Department is 81 feet long, by 48 feet wide, and is richly ornamented. In addition to the Col- • 7 58 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. lector of Customs' office, it contains desks all neatly and conveniently arranged as follows : No. 1, Fees ; No. 2, Deputy Collector ; Nos. 3, and 4, Estimating Duties ; No. 5, Liquidating Duties ; No. 6, Impost Bookkeeper : No. 7, Examination and Appraise- ments ; No. 8, Bonds ; No. 9, Warehousing and With- drawals ; No. 10, Re- warehousing, Transportation and ex- portation ; Nos. 11 and 12, General Order ; No. 13, For- eign Entrance and Clearance ; No. 14, Registers, Enrol- ments and Licences ; No. 15, Marine Hospital, Protections and Clearance coastwise ; No. 16, Cashier, Duties and Dis- bursements. Office hours from 9, A.M.. to 3 o'clock, P.M. The Natal Officer occupies the second story, northeast room of the Custom House. The desks of his Deputies and Clerks are as follows : No. 1, Deputy Naval Officers ; No. 2, Estimating Clerk j No. 3, Liquidating Clerk ; No. 4, Clearance and Examina- tion of Manifests ; No. 5, Warehouse and Withdrawal Clerk ; No. 6, Re-warehouse and Withdrawal Clerk ; No. 7, Fee and Cash Clerk ; No. 8, Impost Clerk ; No. 9, Ab- stract Clerk. The Surveyor of the Port. — Office in the southeast room of the Custom House, up stairs. His assistants embrace one Deputy Surveyor, a Tonnage Clerk, and a Sealing and Branding Clerk. The Storekeeper of Customs occupies the east end room, up stairs. Appraiser's Office — Northeast cornes of Front and Lombard streets. Inspector's Office— No. 506 South Dela- ware avenue. HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 59 Weighers', Gauger's, and Measurer's are also found at the Inspector's Office. Assistant Treasurer of the United States — Custom House; entrance on Library street. Banks. Philadelphia possesses 31 Banking Institu- tions, with an aggregate capital of $15,471,350. In the opinion of commercial men, this capital should be double, to meet the wants and re- quirements of its trade. The Banks are open daily, Sundays and gen- eral holidays excepted, from 10 A. M., to 3 P. M. Bank of North America. — Chestnut street, west of Third. This was the first banking institution established in the United States. It, through the influence and exertions of Robert Morris, came to the aid of the Republic when all appeared dark and hopeless for want of means or credit, and loaned both to the Government. It is historical, that without this aid then given, the Department of Finance could not have performed its duties, the consequence of which would have been most calamitous to the cause of American Liberty. The first charter to the Bank, was from Congress, in 1781. An additional act of incorporation was granted by the Legislature of Pennsylvania, in 1782. This was repealed in 1785, in consequence of the prejudice of country mem- bers. Mr. Morris, who knew the incalculable benefits derived by the country from the pecuniary loans of the Bank, struggled ably in its defence, and a new charter, obtained in 1787, rewarded his zeal. The capital of the institution is $1,000,000, and the Banking House, a brown stone struc- 60 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. ture in the Italian style, is one of the most elegant buildings of the kind in its vicinity. Farmers' and Mechanics' National Bank. — Chestnut street, west of Fourth, north side, was instituted in 1807, and chartered in 1809. The original capital was $750,000, but has subsequently been increased to $2,000,000. The Banking House of this institution, together with that of the Philadelphia National Bank, adjoining, rank as the finest structures of the kind in the United States. The last named institution was chartered in 1804. Capital, $1,500,000. The National Bank of Northern Liber- ties — Vine street, north side, east of Third street. This institution was chartered in 1813. Its capital is $500,000. The Mechanics' National Bank — South Third street, between Market and Chestnut streets, was chartered in 1814. Capital, $800,000. The Commercial National Bank — No. 314 Chestnut street ; also chartered in 1814. Capi- tal, $1,000,000. The National Bank of Germantown — ; Main street, Germantown. Chartered, 1814, Capital, $200,000. Girard National Bank Building — Third below Chestnut street. Demands particular notice, inasmuch, as it was the first public edifice erected in this city with a portico and col- HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 61 nmns. The style and execution of its decorations, are yet unsurpassed by modern efforts. The corner stone was laid in 1795, and the building occupied by "The Bank of the United States," in 1798. The design of the structure, is said to be a copy of the Dublin Exchange. It presents a front on Third street of 96 feet, and extends 72 feet in depth. This building subsequently became the Banking House of Stephen Girard, and was used by him as such until his death. At present, the Girard National Bank occupies the south end of the first story as a banking room. The north end of the same floor forms the City Treasurer's office. Southwark National Bank, Second street below South west side. This was the next bank instituted, having received its charter in 1825. Capital, $250,000. Manufacturers' National Bank, north west corner of Vine and Third streets. This institution, chartered in 1832, has a capital of $570,150. National Bank of Commerce, No. 211 Chestnut street, was chartered in 1832. Capital, $250,000. National Bank of the Republic, 809 and 811 Chestnut street. Capital $500,000. Kensington National Bank, No. 969 Beach street, 18th Ward. Chartered in 1826. Capital, $250,000. Penn National Bank, located at the N. W. corner of Sixth and Vine streets, received its charter in 1828. Capital, $350,000. Western National Bank, Chestnut street above Fourth, south side. Chartered 1832. Capital, $400,000. Tradesmens' National Bank, S. W. corner of Spruce and Second streets. Chartered 1847. Capital, $200,000. Consolidation National Bank, No. 329 N. Third street, was incorporated in 1855. Capital, $300,000. City National Bank, No. 32 North Sixth street. Incor- porated in 1855. Capital, $400,000. 62 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. Commonwealth National Bank, S. W. corner of Chest- nut and Fourth streets. Incorporated in 1839. Capital, $237,000. Union National Bank, N. E. corner of Third and Arch streets. Incorporated 1857. Capital, $250,000. Corn Exchange National Bank, N. E. corner of Second and Chestnut streets. Incorporated in 1858. Capital, $500,000. National State Bank of Camden, N. J. Office No. 212 Church street, Philadelphia. Chartered in 1812. Capital, $260,000. First National Bank at Camden, N. J. Office in thig city, N. E. corner of Second and Chestnut streets. Capi- tal, $179,000 Central National Bank, No. 109 South Fourth street. Capital, $750,000. First National Bank, No. 313 Chestnut street. The first National Bank established under the "national cur- rency act ;" are now erecting a banking house of the finest character. Capital, $1,000,000. Second National Bank, Main street, Frankford. Capi- tal, $100,000. Third National Bank, No. 1424 Market street. Capital, $200,000. National Exchange Bank, N. W. corner of Second and Green streets. Capital, $200,000. Fourth National Bank, No. 723 Arch street. Capital, $150,000. Sixth National Bank, No. 504 South Second street. Capital, $150,000. Sevemh National Bank, No. 216 Market street. Capi- tal, $250,000. Eighth National Bank, No. 1017 N. Second street. Capital, $275,000. Bank C leaking House:: — No. 429 Chestnut street. hand-book in philadelphia. 63 Saving Fund Societies. Philadelphia Saving Fund Society, Seventh and Walnut streets. Western Saving Fund, S. W. corner of Walnut and Tenth streets. Five Per Cent. Saving Fund op the American Trust Company, S. E. corner of Walnut and Fourth street. Franklin Saving Fund Society, No. 136 South Fourth street. Saving Fund Society of Germantown, Main and Laurel streets, Germantown. Beneficial Saving Fund Society of Philadelphia, S. W. corner of Twelfth and Chestnut streets. Insurance Companies. There are eighty-three Fire, two Marine, twelve Fire and Marine, and thirty Life ; making a total of one hundred and twenty-seven Insur- ance Companies, in Philadelphia. Philadelphia Board of Trade. Rooms, No. 505 Chestnut street, second story. The object of this Board is, to make the association a point of union among the mer- chants and business men of the city ; where suggestions can be exchanged and discussed for the promotion of the trade and interests in Philadelphia. The rooms of the Board are supplied with newspapers, pamphlets, public reports, books, &c. The stated annual meeting is held in Feb- (34 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. ruary, at which valuable reports on the trade, industry, and general interest of the city are read. Several great public movements, of not only city but national importance, have in many cases been associated with the Board of Trade. Some of them originated by its agencies. Philadelphia Cokn Exchange Associa- tion. — Hall, Second street and Exchange Alley , below Chestnut street. This association is com- posed of dealers in flour, grain, and other domestic produce. The Hall is open daily for sales and commercial transactions. The Philadelphia Exchange Building, fronts on Dock, Third and Walnut streets. The west entrance is on Third street, and the east or principal entrance on Dock street, both of which are embellished with elegant porticos; that on Dock street being circular, and the columns in the Corinthian order, has a fine appearance, and is much admired. The structure is of Pennsylvania marble, and is three stories high. The first is occupied principally by Brokers and Insurance Compa- nies ; the second floor is occupied as a reading room, in which newspapers are on file from all parts of the United States, Canada, and Europe. The Boakd of Brokers, also, have their chamber in this building. In the Eotunda, HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 65 what is called the "Outside Board" meet. Here public sales of stock are held, when Many prospects, seeming bright and fair, Vanish, like castles in the air. The Commekctal Association have, like- wise, rooms in this story. To facilitate mercan- tile transactions, the American, Independent, and People's Telegraph Companies, have branch offices in the rotunda. , ; The third story is occupied by private offices, &c. This noble building belongs to a corporate association. Bridges. The Permanent Bridge over the Schuyl- kill river, at Market street. This structure was erected in 1788 by an incorporated com- pany, but was subsequently transferred to the city, and thenceafter opened to the public as a free bridge. The whole length of the structure is 1300 feet, and rests upon three arches and two stone piers. The Market Street Passenger cars cross the bridge. The Suspension Bridge at Callowhill street, Fairmount. — This light and graceful structure was built by the city. It is crossed by the Hestonville, Mantua, and Fairmount Passen- ger cars. The site was formerly occupied by a beautiful structure of a single elliptical arch of 348 feet span. It was destroyed by fire in 1839. QQ HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. Girard Avenue Bridge, at Girard Avenue, above Fairmount. Adjoining this is a new bridge intended for The New York and Washington through line Railroad. The Columbia or Reading Railroad Bridge, is situated about half a mile above the last two. It is owned and used by the Reading Railroad, who also owns the elegant Stone Bridge above Laurel Hill. This last was built for the accommodation of the coal trade at Richmond, (Nineteenth Ward.) The Philadelphia, Wilmington and Bal- timore Railroad Bridge at Gray's Ferry. In addition to its use as a railroad bridge it is also constructed to admit the passage of ordi- nary carriages, &c. The Chestnut Street Bridge is fully ac- knowledged to be one of the most substantial and elegant bridges in the United States. The Pennsylvania Central Railroad Company own the Bridge that spans the Schuylkill below South street. City Tobacco Warehouse. — An immense brick structure, with stone dressings, five stories high, situated on Dock, Front, and Spruce streets. Occupied by the Warehousing Com- pany of Philadelphia. City Armory, Broad, below Race street. HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 67 EDUCATION. Tiie City of Philadelphia constitutes the first School District of the State, and is under the jurisdiction of a Board of Controllers of Public Schools, who are elected by the Sectional School Direc- tors, in June, annually, for a term of one year. They organize in the Booms of the Board of Controllers, Athenaeum Building, Sixth and Adelphi street. The District comprises twenty-six School Sections. Each under the supervision of a Board of Directors, who are elected by the people for a term of three years. It embraces one High School; one Normal School for fe- males ; fifty-eight Grammar Schools ; sixty-six Secondary Schools; one hundred and eighty- one Primary Schools, and fifty unclassified schools. These schools employ eighty-two male, and one thousand one hundred and twelve fe- male teachers, and are attended by thirty-four thousand six hundred and fifty male, and thirty- four thousand three hundred and fifty female scholars, or a total of sixty-nine thousand children. 68 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. The Central High School is admirably located on the corner of Broad and Green streets. The building is constructed of brick, in a substantial manner. Though simple in I design, and built more for utility than other- wise, it presents externally both a neat and ornamental appearance. Girls' High and Normal School — Ser- geant street, between Ninth and Tenth. This is a fine brick structure, but of mucn less pretensions than the Central High School. No school in the district has so well fulfilled the expectations of its friends, so entirely ac- complished the purposes of its foundation as the Normal School. Girard College. This magnificent Institution is pleasantly situated on Ridge avenue, north of Girard avenue. Access may be had to it via the Ridge Avenue Passenger cars. Visitors are admitted by tickets which can be obtained at the office of the Trustees of the Girard Estate, No. 19 South Fifth street ; or at the Mayor's Office ; or from R. Vaux, Esq., No. 520 Walnut street, room No. 3, first floor. This College was founded by Stephen Girard, formerly a wealthy merchant of Philadelphia, and is designed for the support and gratuitous instruction of destitute HANDBOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 69 orphanj. For this purpose he devised certain funds. The City of Philadelphia is the Trustee, and the Directors of the college are its agents in the management of the insti- tution. The corner stone of the main edifice was laid July 4th, 1833. The buildings were completed in 1847, and the In- st ; tution opened 1848. The whole cost of the construction and fitting out of the college and adjoining buildings was about two million dollars, ($2,000,000.) The college building is one of the most beautiful in this country, the design being that of a Grecian Temple in the Corinthian order. A colonade of eight columns on each end, and eleven on each side, surround the edifice. These columns aie richly and elegantly executed. There are feW cities that possess a more beautiful building than this college, or one m which chasteness of design, richness of decoration and exquisite skill of Workmanship, are more happily combined. The grounds contain about forty-one acres, the eastern portion being laid out in walks and garden plots. The entrances are, one on the north and one on the south front. The Board of Directors of Girard Col- lege, consist of eighteen members, three of whom are elected by each chamber of councils, annually, in June. The Board organize in July, and elect the Officers of the Institution. — These con- sist of the President of the College, and five maid and nine female teachers ; one Secretary, anil Superintendent of binding out ; a Matron ; four Perfects ; five Governesses ; a Farmer ; two Physicians, and a Dentist. Richard Vaux, Ksq., is President of the Board of Directors. 8 I 70 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. The University of Pennsylvania — Ninth street, between Chestnut and Market streets. This Institution was first established as a simple Academy in Fourth street, below Arch, about 1744 or '45. Subsequently it was en- larged into a College, and finally into its present extended field of operations. The Medical De- partment of the University, was the first Medi- cal College in the United States. This Institution is under the direction of a Board of twenty-five trustees. The Governor of the State of Pennsylvania being ex-ofncio President of the Board. The University is divided into Departments, viz. : The Department of Arts, of Medicine, of Law, of Mines, Arts, and Manufactures, and of the Fine Arts. Medical Schools, &o. The Medical Department of the Univer- sity is under the immediate government of the Medical Professors, who constitute the Faculty. As a means of illustrating and forcibly im- pressing the lessons of the lecture room Clinical instruction in Medicine and Sur- gery is conducted in the University Hall, four times a week, throughout the session. The College contains one of the richest medi- cal museums in the country. HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 71 Jefferson Medical College — Tenth street, above Walnut, bears a high reputation as a medical school, and has also extensive hos- pital accommodations, which forms part of the clinic of the Institution. The Philadelphia University of Medi- cine and Surgery — Ninth street, below Lo- cust. This institution possesses every conve- nience for a full and thorough course of medi- cal instruction. • Eclectic Medical College of Pennsyl- vania — N. E. corner of Sixth and Callowhill streets. Medical Society of the State of Penn- sylvania—No. 215 Spruce street. American Medical Association — No. 215 Spruce street. College of Physicians of Philadelphia — Instituted 1787, and incorporated 1789 — N. E. corner of Thirteenth and Locust streets. This College holds monthly meetings to discuss medical subjects, &c. These proceedings are published in a quarterly report, a work justly regarded as one of the most valuable medical periodicals of the day. Northern Medical Association of the State of Pennsylvania — No. 603 Spring Garden street. This association meets twice a month. 72 hand-book in philadelphia. Homeopathic Medical College of Penn- sylvania — Filbert, below Twelfth street. The Female Medical College of Penn- sylvania — Founded in 1849, was the first of the kind ever established for the medical. edu- cation of women. The institution is pleasantly located on North College avenue and Twenty- second street. The Pennsylvania College of Dental Surgery — S. E. corner of Tenth and Arch streets. The Philadelphia Dental College — No. 108 North Tenth street. The Philadelphia College of Pharmacy — Filbert street, above Seventh, is the oldest institution of the kind in the United States. Alumni Association — No. 816 Filbert street. Philadelphia County Medical Society — Instituted in 1807. Theological Schools, &c. Comprise The Theological Seminary of the Reformed Presbyterian Church, Broad street, below Spruce ; Philadelphia Divinity School, Thirty-ninth and Walnut streets — Office, No. 708 Walnut street; St. Joseph's College, Filbert and Juniper streets ; Seminary of St. Charles Borromeo, N. E. HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 73 corner of Eighteenth and Kace streets, (Tlieologi- cal)j supported by the annual voluntary contri- butions of the Catholics of the Diocese. Academy of the Protestant Episcopal Church — Locust street, near Broad. St. Mark's Episcopal Academy* - Locust street, west of Sixteenth. UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA. 74: HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. Educational Associations. Hebrew Education Society — Seventh street, below Callowhill. Hebrew is taught in this school according to both the Portuguese and German customs. This is one of the best Hebrew schools in the country, where that lan- guage is taught in its purity. The Polytechnic College op the State of Pennsylvania — Market street and West Penn Square. This is a private institution, organized on the plan of the Industrial Col- leges of France and Germany. The Philadelphia Institute for Colored Youths — Shippen street, near Ninth. The in- struction in this Academy embraces, in addi- tion to the ordinary branches of a good Eng- lish education, mathematics, natural sciences, and the classics. Association of Friends, for the free in- struction of adult colored persons. Office, No. 817 Arch street. The Board of Education of the Presby- terian Church, occupy the fine building on Chestnut street opposite the United States Mint. The Pennsylvania Baptist Educational Society — No. 530 Arch street. hand-book ik philadelphia. 75 The Philadelphia Training School for Feeble Minded Children — Office, No. 530 Walnut street. This is one of the many noble institutions that mark the present age of an enlightened community, and whose es- tablishment reflects more real glory on their founders and patrons, than ever bestowed upon a whole army of Alex- anders and Napoleons. It is located at Media, Delaware county, where elegant and well adapted buildings, with ample grounds, accommodate over one hundred and fifty pupils. Pennsylvania Institution for the Instruc- tion of the Blind. This noble charity is situated at the corner of Eace and Twentieth streets, and is convenient of access by the Race and Vine, and Arch Streets Passenger Railways. It can also be reached by the 17th and 19th Streets Passenger Rail- way. The Institution is open to visitors every Wednesday at 2\ o'clock P.M., when an oppor- tunity is afforded to examine the work shops. At 3J o'clock an Exhibition is given, consisting of vocal and instrumental music, and exercises with the school apparatus. A small admission fee is charged at the door. The fund derived from this source is appropriated in outfits to graduates on leaving the Institution. These exhibitions are popular with our citizens, and are largely attended. 76 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. The pupils are always occupied, except in the regular recess. Eight hours daily are devoted to school studies, music and work. Four evenings a week to reading or a lecture. The Musical Department has a well-deserved reputa- tion. The orchestra consists of thirty-two instruments. The public performances on Wednesday afternoons, com- prise some of the finest overtures and other compositions of eminent masters. The musical department also contains a chorus of forty voices. The Manufacturing Department is perhaps the most interesting part of the establishment. Here the pupils are instructed in useful trades, which give employment to many worthy blind persons. A Home of Industry for the Blind of this School, who have no friends to receive them, is established as a branch of the Institu- tion. In this retreat they can earn their support, while their morals will be protected, and a just estimate put on their talents, and their earnings will be secured to them. The attention of the benevolent is called to this part of the Institu- tion. By their aid, its usefulness can be largely extended. The Pennsylvania Institution for the Deaf and Dumb, * located on the N. W. corner of Broad and Pine streets, was incorporated in 1821, when the Legislature endowed it with a grant of eight thousand dollars, and also provided for the payment of a stipulated sum per annum, for the HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 77 support and education of every indigent child of suitable age in the State of Pennsylvania, which should be admitted to the institution, provided the annual payment should not exceed eight thousand dollars. The States of Maryland, New Jersey, and Delaware, have also made provision for the education of deaf mutes, native of their respec- tive states, in this Institution. By the rules of the Institution, deaf and dumb children are not admitted under ten years of age. No stranger should leave the city without paying a visit to the two last named institutions. THE BLINJ> ASYLUM. 78 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. LITERARY MQ SCIENTIFIC ASSOCIATIONS. The Amekican Philosophical Society — situated on Fifth street, below Chestnut, sprang from the famous " Junto," a club organized in 1727, and composed of a limited number of ardent and enterprising young men, of whom Benjamin Franklin was the leading and active spirit. This club appears to have been a conversational society, at whose meetings, public events, measures and projects for the improvement of themselves or the city, were freely debated. They seem to have been very active and successful in establishing various social reforms, promi- nent among which were several associations for the promo- tion of useful knowledge. In May, 1743, the "Junto" issued a prospectus for "the formation of a society for the promotion of useful know- ledge among the British Provinces of North America." This prospectus was signed by Benjamin Franklin as Secretary. In 1744, nine gentlemen having responded to the project, the society was formed. Of these original nine, six were members of the ' ' Junto. ' ' The first Offi- cers elected were, Thomas Hopkinson, President, Coleman, Treasurer, and Benjamin Franklin, Secretary. For several years this society appears to have existed but in name, for we find that in November, 1767, but five or six of the members remained. These made an effort, and succeeded in reviving the society ; over forty new members were added, and on the 9th day of February, 1768, Ex-Governor Hamilton was elected President. In 1769, a similar association, that appears to have existed as HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 79 a rival, was merged into the one under notice, and thus formed the present American Philosophical Society for the promotion of useful knowledge. The first officers of the consolidated society were Benjamin Franklin, Presi- dent, and Dr. Thomas Cadwallader, Dr. Thomas Bond, and Joseph Galloway, Esq., Vice Presidents. The society was incorporated March 15th, 1780. The site of their present Hall was granted to them by Act of Assembly in 1785, and the building erected and occupied in 1790. The society occupies the second story, the first story and basement being rented to the city, for the accommodation of public offices. The Library is a fine room, neatly fitted up with cases, &c. It contains about 25,000 volumes of the most valu- able description. Some of the works in this Library cannot be duplicated in America. It is rich, also, in manuscripts, letters and papers of the rarest kind, and whose intrinsic value cannot be over-estimated. The Cabinet is a fine one ; the room, however, is entirely too small for the collection. The Committee-room is a cozy chamber, remarkable as being the scene of many a festive meeting between the illustrious of by- gone days. Here, Washington, Franklin, Jefferson, Puttenhouse, Wistar, Hamilton, Adams, Tilgh- man, Duponceau, 'Lafayette, and a host of like spirits, met to enjoy "the feast of reason and flow of soul," untram- melled by the cares of state. Historical Society of Pennsylvania — Athenaeum Building, Sixth and Adelphi streets, having for its object, the elucidation of the his- tory of this State, was instituted December 2d, 1824. The Society's museum possesses a number of valuable relics, many of which have been re- served from the Governments of the United 80 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. States, of Pennsylvania, of Great Britain, as well as from foreign and American societies, and from the family of William Penn. The rooms are open every Monday, from 8 A.M. to 10 o'clock P.M., except during July and August. The Academy of Natural Sciences — is situated on the N. W. corner of Broad and San- com streets. This institution was founded in 1812, and incorporated in 1817. Tickets of admission can be obtained from Mr. E. Parrish, 800 Arch street. The academy building is of brick, constructed fire proof. It is void of display in exterior design and finish. The structure presents two stories resting upon a rusticated basement. The windows on the east and west ends occupy nearly the entire front. The en trance on Broad street is used by visitors to the museum; that on Sansom street by the members, &c. The Library contains over 23,000 volumes, exclusive of maps, periodicals, serials and pamphlets, of which it has an immense number. The books are neatly arranged ac- cording to subjects. It is rich in works on Natural Science, Anatomy, and Physiology, the transactions of Societies, Journals, Memoirs, &c, and Historical Documents of all descriptions. It also contains some valuable works on Antiquities and the Fine Arts. The Collection op Reptiles, is placed in the galleric 1 i of the east and north-east rooms. This collection, it U believed, is not surpassed by many in Europe. The Principal Room op the Academy, occupies the HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 81 entire upper story. It is one hundred and ten feet long, and forty feet wide, and is lighted from the roof, and from the east and west ends. Ranges of graceful galleries run along the sides and ends. These galleries, with the excep- tion of the lowest or flying gallery, are supported by light iron columns, and are fitted up with cases. The floor is occupied by ranges of horizontal cases, running the whole depth of the hall, and each of these ranges are surmounted on its centre line by a series of vertical cases, glazed on both sides. The Collection of Mammalogy placed in cases on the floor of this main saloon, beneath the north gallery, though not extensive, possesses considerable interest. The Birds, placed in cases along the galleries, is one of the largest and most valuable collections in the world ; they form the chief attraction of the room, rendering brilliancy to every part of it. In connection with these birds, there is a fine collection of nests and eggs, which will be found in shallow cases, suspended from the railing of the lowest gallery. This collection of eggs is also un- equalled by any other, even in Europe. The Collection of Insects is arranged in boxes made to resemble folio volumes. The Collection of Plants, &c, is to be found in cases on the north flying gallery. This herbarium is allowed by all judges, to be one of the richest and most valuable in the world. On the south flying gallery, the visitor will find Dr. Morton's celebrated collection of crania. In a closet opening on the passage to the stairs, at the south-east ex- tremity of this gallery, are four human mummies, Egyptian and Peruvian, together with several mummied Egyptian "gods." The Egyptian subjects are of great antiquity. The various magnificent collections in this Academy, would require a volume to do justice to their merits. We cannot even enumerate them. 9 82 hand-book in philadelphia. The Pennsylvania Horticultural So- ciety. Broad below Locust street. Instituted, 1827. Incorporated, 1831. Is the oldest Hor- ticultural Society in the United States. Its large and valuable library, the most extensive of its kind in this country, has been the means of disseminating a vast deal, not only of horti- cultural knowledge, but of information on other kindred topics of natural science. The Hall is stately and commodious, cen- trally situated, and well adapted for the pur- poses of the Society. It is open every Tues- day evening. Athenaeum — Sixth and Adelphia streets, is another noble institution, owing its origin to that taste for literary pursuits which has always characterized this city. In the year 1813, six young men feeling the want of a convenient place of common resort, in which their leisure hours could be passed agreeably and pleasantly, arranged a plan for a reading room. Which of these young men was the first or prime mover in this enterprise, we are not informed. The six, however, seem to have acted with energy, for we find that by the 9th of February, 1814, they had obtained two hundred subscribers. On that day, articles of association were adopted, and the first Board of officers and Directors elected. In a few weeks thereafter the Institution was opened to the public, in rooms over "Carey's Book Store," South-east corner of Chestnut and Fourth streets. The corner-stone of the present building was laid No- vember 1, 1845, and the Hall opened in 1847. This building is a chaste and elegant structure of two HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 83 stories, resting on a rusticated basement. It presents a front of fifty feet on Sixth street, and one hundred and twenty-five feet on Adelphia street. The design of the building is the "Italian," of which style of architecture it is an excellent specimen, treated w^th spirit and taste. The basement story is of a rich brown stone, and rests on moulded plinth. A moulded band and frieze marks the division of this and the main story. The first story is divided into offices, most of which are occupied by the Controllers of Public Schools. A spacious stairway of easy ascent, leads to the princi- pal story. This is arranged for the uses of the Athenaeum, and is divided into a Library, News Room, and a Chess Eoom. The News Room fronts on Sixth street. It is 37 by 47 feet, and 24 feet high ; it is neatly finished in pilasters, with an enriched cornice. The Chess Room is an ante room between the News Room and Library. The Historical Society of Pennsylvania, occupy the front room of the third story of the Athenaeum Building. It contains about 23,000 volumes, well selected, and is richly supplied with the periodicals and newspapers of both this and foreign c®untries. The entire cost of the Athenaeum Building, including fitting up, was about $50,000. The Franklin Institute — Seventh street, above Chestnut, was incorporated in 1824, for the promotion and encouragement of manufac- ture and the mechanic arts. The Hall is a plain building, and contains a Lecture Room, a Library, and Cabinet of Minerals, and a few models. The Pennsylvania Agricultural So- ciety — Open every Wednesday at 12 M. Office, flo. 702 Walnut street. S4 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. Philadelphia Lyceum — S. E. corner of Ninth and Spring Garden streets. The Philadelphia City Institute — N. E. corner of Eighteenth and Chestnut streets. The Spring Garden Institute — Spring Garden and Broad streets. The Kensington Institute — Richmond and Shackamaxon streets. The Moyamensing Institute — S. E. corner x>f Eleventh and Catharine streets. The West Philadelphia Institute — Thirty-ninth and Market streets. The Wagner Free Institute op Science — Seventeenth street and Mont- gomery avenue, are nourishing Institutions, possessing valuable libraries. Their Halls, most of which are of recent construction, are well supplied with newspapers and periodicals. Lectures are also given in them during the season ; these lectures are very popular, and are well attended. To enumerate all the various Literary Associations, which abound in and ornament our city, would far ex- ceed Ov r limits. HAND-BOOK IN" PHILADELPHIA. 85 FINE ARTS. Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, No. 1028 Chestnut street. This Institution was founded in 1805, and incorporated in 1806. The Academy is a joint stock association. An an- nual exhibition is held in the spring, for a period of six weeks. Other exhibitions are held during the year. To these, American Artists are invited to send their productions. Works of distinguished merit from private col- lections, are then also displayed. The walls of the picture gallery are now covered with paintings of the ancient and modern schools, many of them hy masters of the highest celebrity. Among them we notice "Death on the Pale Horse," " Paul and Barna- bus," "The Prodigal Son's Return," "The Triumph of Love," " Scene from the Tempest," and " The Battle of Bender," all by Sir Benjamin West; "The Dead Man restored to Life, by touching the Bones of the Prophet Elisha," by Washington Allston ; "The March of Silenus," by Rubens ; "The Deliverance of Leyden," by Wittkamp, together with several fine pictures from the pencils of Sully, Stewart, Winner, Rothermel, Valasquer, Inman, Van Gayer, Salvator Rosa, David, Peale, Zucatelli, Schedoni, Neagle &c. Among the many interesting objects of sculpture, v« several by Thorwaldsen, Canova, Ceracchi, Stienhau^r, Greenough, Lough, Thorn, &c. The Libkaky is adorned with many spier did workp of 86 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. engraving in all its various departments, as well as with gome valuable volumes on its art. The Academy is open daily for visitors, and is one of the most attractive places of resort in Philadelphia. Photographers abound in all quarters of the city. Engravers. — This branch of the fine arts is divided into Bank Note Engravers, Copper and Steel ; Engravers and Die-sinkers ; Histori- cal, Portrait, and Landscape; Map; Card; Calico Printers ; Wood, &c. The number em- ployed in each of these branches, cannot now be ascertained, but some idea may be formed when we state that there are over fifty establishments in the city, some of whom employ twenty artists, none less than two. Charles F. Haseltine's Galleries — 1125 Chestnut street. — These are the most important Galleries in the country for the Free Exhibition of works of art of a high character. In these Galleries at any season of the year may be seen paintings by the best French, English, German, Italian, Flemish, and American Painters. The collection is continually changing, for the pictures being for sale, and being sold, causes a constant addition of new works to take the place of those disposed of. The Galleries are on the second floor. The first floor is devoted to the sale of Engravings, Chromos, Looking Glasses, and Artists' Materials. We notice amongst the HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 87 old engravings, specimens of Morghen, Toschi, Longhi, Mercuri, Calamatta, &c., in this depart- ment. Mr Haseltine has probably the finest collection in the country for sale. The establish- ment itself, on account of its finish and beauty of ornamentation, forms an attractive place of high order. 88 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. LIBRARIES. The Libraky Company of Philadelphia — Fifth, below Chestnut street. This Association was organized on the 8th of November, 1731. The first invoice of books was received in October, 1732. In addition to the purchased books, Mr. Collinson added two works, viz. : — " Sir Isaac Newton's Philosophy," and William Miller's " Gardener's Dictionary." His claim as first of the many subsequent donators, is thus fully established. In glancing at this early effort, we must recollect that there was no provision by the Government, for education, nor was there a bookseller in the country, with the excep- tion of one in Boston, and his operations were on a very small scale. We may, therefore, realize the sensation created in Philadelphia, by the arrival of this " lot of books." They were taken in great state to the house of Robert Grace, in Jones' Alley, where the first library was established. The chronicle states that the company were soon engaged in arranging and cataloguing the books. The first Librarian was Louis Timothee, who attended at the library room on Wednesdays and Saturdays. In 1738, the collection became too large for the humble room in Jones' Alley. In 1739, the Assembly granted the company the free use of a room in the State House, to which the Library was removed in 1740. In 1769, the Union Library was united with the one under notice. In 1771, two others likewise became annexed. The value of HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 89 these accessions, we have no means of ascertaining. The Union Company, appears, however, to have been of some considerable importance, inasmuch as it owned its own li- brary building on Third street. The enterprise was now firmly established, and the collection rapidly increased, so that the room in the State House was soon found too small for its accommodation. Larger and more commodious apart- ments were obtained in Carpenters' Hall, to which the Library was removed in 1773, where it was opened for the first time daily. The Continental Congress enjoyed its free use during the memorable sessions of 1774, and 1775, and no donbt, its treasures were exceedingly valuable to those inquiring and patriotic minds. In 1789 the corner stone of the present building was laid under the south-west corner of the structure. This building was finished, and the books removed, arranged, and ready for delivery on the 30th day of December, 1790. The edifice is of brick, constructed in the most substan- tial manner. Though simple in design, and built more for utility than display, it presents an ornamental appear- ance. A fine statue of Dr. Franklin stands in a niche over the front entrance. The likeness is said to be a good one. It was executed in Italy, by the order, and at the ex- pense of William Bingham. Among the many valuable bequests to this institution, we notice that by the Rev. Samuel Preston, of London, to appreciate which, the collection must be examined in detail. It embraces many rare books of plates of the most costly description. The Loganian Library is also a valuable acquisition. This collection was the private library of the Hon. James Logan, the friend and counsel- lor of William Penn. When first annexed to the Phila- delphia Library, it contained about 4000 volumes. Addi- tions are made to it annually from a fund bequeathed by Mr. Logan for this purpose. Choice and rare books were also donated to the company by William Mackenzie and Robert Barclay, of London, and William Logan. 90 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. Among the rare books in the library, we notice several of the date of 1470, a copy of rare old Caxton's " Golden Legend," printed at Westminster, and which Caxton tells us, is printed not " wroten with penne and inke as other bokes ben." In the department relating to America, the library is exceedingly rich. It contains, for instance, complete sets of newspapers, from the first number of the first paper published in Philadelphia. Of the many manuscripts in the library, the most an- cient, is a copy of the entire Bible on parchment of the 15th century, while the most beautiful is an illuminated Psalter on fine vellum, still in perfect preservation. Not the least interesting portion of the Library, is that con- sisting of works from the nations of Continental Europe, embracing most of the standard authors. The collection of Spanish books is the most complete, and, perhaps, the finest in the United States, except one. The Library contains at present about 85,000 volumes, and is opened daily. The Mercantile Library — Tenth above Chestnut street. This popular institution was opened in temporary rooms on Chestnut street, in 1821/ Its charter bears date July 1st, 1842. The library building was erected in 1869, at a cost of over $227,000. The library is also fitted up as a reading room. It contains about 50,000 volumes, and is regularly supplied with over three hundred magazines and newspapers from every State in the Union, including Canada, with the leading journals of Great Britain, France, and Germany. Library op the Franklin Institute— HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 91 Seventh above Chestnut street, is composed principally of mechanical and scientific works. The reading room is well supplied with periodi- cals, newspapers, &c. The German Library — Seventh above Chestnut street. The first story of the building is occupied by the Trustees of the City Gas Works. This institution has about 12,000 books, princi- pally in foreign languages. Open Wednesdays and Saturdays, from 3 to 5 o'clock, P. M. Library of the Pennsylvania Hospital — Occupies an elegant room in the Hospital Build- ing, Pine street, between Eighth and Ninth. This library contains about 13,000 volumes, mostly medical, and those pertaining to kindred sciences. As a Medical Library, it is, perhaps, the most extensive and complete in the United States. Apprentices' Library, is situated in the venerable building, known as a Friend's Meeting House, at the corner of Arch and Fifth streets. This Institution was founded in 1819, for the benefit of youth, male and female. The works are selected with care, and embrace over 22,000 volumes. The library is open for boys on Monday, Wednesday, Friday, and Saturday evenings, and on Saturday afternoons, and on every afternoon, except Monday, for girls. Friends* Free Library — No. 304 Arch 92 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. street, has about 6,500 volumes. Books are loaned to any person, irrespective of creed, nation, or color, provided the applicant pro- duces a good moral character, vouched for by some one of the Society of Friends. Open on Thursdays from 4 to 6 o'clock, P.M., and on Saturdays from 3 to 7 o'clock, P. M. Law Library — County County Court House, Sixth and Chestnut streets, is composed of law- books entirely. It has about 7,500 volumes. Library Association of the Twenty- third Ward — Wright's Institute, Frankford. Presbyterian Historical Society, No. 821 Chestnut street. Southwark Library, No. 765 South Second street. Girard Library — S. W. corner of Sixth street and Girard avenue. James Page Free Library — Girard avenue, east of Shackamaxon street. The Library Association of Friends— Meeting House, Kace above Fifteenth street, has about 7000 well selected works. In addition to these there are valuable libra- ries attached to all the Medical Colleges , to the Academy of Natural Sciences ; Academy of Fine Arts; The Horticultural Society, and to the Pennsylvania Historical Society, a visit to any of which will well repay the student or lover HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 93 of rare and valuable works. Nor should we forget the numerous libraries attached to the various churches and religious denominations, some of great value and extent ; also the libra ries belonging to Literary Institutions and asso- ciations. Wi: STEPHEN'S CHUBCH. (Bpiacopal.) Tenth Street above Chestnut. 94 HAND BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. CHURCHES IN PHILADELPHIA. The first church erected in Philadelphia or its vicinity was at Tinicum, a small island on the Delaware, near the Lazaretto. It was founded by a colony of Swedes in 1646. This colony and church was destroyed by the Dutch West India Company, in 1655. Several settlements, however, had been made further up the Delaware and Schuylkill, whose num- bers were subsequently increased by emigra- tion. Among these early settlements were those at Weccaco, Moyamensing, and Passyunk> For their accommodation and protection, a place of worship and a temporary fort was erected in 1677, near the site of the present Swedes Church, in Swanson street. The primi- tive structure was removed in 1700, when the present edifice was built. For many years this was the only place of worship on either side of the Delaware or Schuylkill. Friends' Meeting Houses.— The first meet- ing of the Society of Friends, in Philadelphia, were held at the house of Thomas Fairlamb, at Shackamaxon, near the " Treaty Ground." This was in 1681, the year Markham and the HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 95 first English colonists arrived. From this it would appear that there was a previous settle- ment of Europeans at that place. In 1682 a frame building was erected at Centre or Penn Square, intended for the double purpose of a Meeting House for worship, and a City Hall, though it appears not to have been used for the latter purpose. In 1685 a Meeting House was erected in Front street, north of Arch. This, when the Meeting House in Pine street was built, they called the " North Meeting House," and the Pine street one, the " South Meeting House." In 1789, the North Meeting House was removed to a new building then erected in Key's alley. In 1698, a Meeting House was erected at the southwest corner of Market and Second streets, which, after being rebuilt in 1755, was entirely removed in 1808. There are 13 Meeting Houses in Philadelphia. Friends' Meeting House — Fourth and Arch streets. The burial ground attached to this house is the oldest, with the exception of that belonging to the Swedes' Church, in the city. Friends' Meeting House — Fifth and Arch streets. This building is now occupied by the "Apprentices' Library." It was erected by the Free Friends, or as they were called during the Eevolution, " The Fighting Quakers," inasmuch 96 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. as they differed from the others, in thinking it lawful to take up arms in defence of American liberty, which many of them did. We find by a sketch in the Historical Society's collection, that the last of these patriots long worshipped in this house, alone. He came regularly every first day, and spent the hours in the usual de- votions. Episcopalian Chukches. From records, it appears that this denomi- nation had a place of worship on the site of the present Christ Church, Second above Market street, as early at 1698. The first house was a log building, rude enough in its con- struction. Here divine service was occasionally performed under the ministration of the Rev. Mr. Clayton until 1700, when the first regu- larly appointed minister was sent over by the Bishop of London. By the labors of this gentlemen, (the Rev. Evan Evans), the first congregation was regularly formed. The primi- tive building was subsequently enlarged and improved until 1727, when the present edifice was commenced, the west end of which was erected in that year. The east end and main body of the building was commenced in 1731, and in a few years thereafter substan- tially completed, with the exception of the HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 97 spire as it now appears. The spire was erected in 1753. It is a graceful work of art, and con- tains a chime of eight bells. Christ Church was erected from designs by Dr. J. J. Kearsley, and built by Kobert Smith. The style, decorations and construction of both church and spire, are alike creditable to their taste and skill. Few, if any, similar edifices in the city yet surpass it. St. Peter's Church — Third and Pine streets, was the second organized in the city. The Church building was erected in 1761. The spacious burial ground attached to this edifice adds much to its appearance. Some of the most distinguished of the early citizens of Phi- ladelphia, are buried here. This spire also contains a fine chime of bells. Most of the Episcopal churches are highly ornamental in their construction, particularly those of modern date. Among these we notice St. Stephen's Church — Tenth street, below Market, the facade of which presents a bold and impressive appearance. A small recessed room, adjoining the church on the north side, contains a beautiful monument dedicated to the " Burd family," long members, and liberal endowers of the church and its institutions. This building is a specimen of the Gothic architecture of the middle ages. 98 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. St. Andrew's Church — 8th street, above Spruce, is a beautiful building, the front being a perfect example of the Ionic order, taken from the Temple of Bacchus at Teos. The interior of the building is highly finished. St. Mark's Church — Locust street, above i6th. This structure is of that order of Gothic known as the '• decorated," of which it is a fine specimen. The interior is much admired. St. Jude's Church — Franklin street, above Brown ; St. Matthew's Church, 18th street and Girard avenue ; Church of St. James the Less, Falls of Schuylkill ; Church of the Holy Trinity, 19th and Walnut streets ; of the Epiphany, 15th and Chestnut streets, and of the Covenant, Filbert street, above 17th ; Grace, 13th and Cherry streets ; St. Clement's, 20th and Cherry streets, and St. Luke's, 13th below Spruce, are each worth the attention of the admirer of architecture. There are 63 Episcopal churches in this city, of which one is colored. Baptist Churches. The Baptist denomination established a church in Philadelphia in 1698. This early effort was commenced by nine persons, who were subse- quently aided by the Eev. John Watts. For awdiile they appear to have met in connection with the Presbyterians, in the house, corner of HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 99 Chestnut and Second streets. In 1762 they erected the large building which yet stands, although not occupied, in La Grange Place, 2d below Arch street, and worshipped in the same, until within the last few years. The congrega- tion composing the church having mostly re- moved to distant parts of the city, erected the present handsome building on the corner of Arch and Broad streets, that location being deemed more suitable for the interests of their cause. For many years the Baptists performed the rites of immersion in the Schuylkill river, near the foot of Spruce street, a spot long celebrated for its rural beauties. Now, most if not all of these churches have baptismal pools in their buildings. Of the most prominent buildings erected by this society, that of the Fifth Baptist Church, deserves particular attention as a fine example of church architecture. The First Baptist Church, Broad and Arch streets, is likewise a rich and attractive edifice. There are 37 Baptist churches in the city, of which 4 are colored. Presbyterian Churches. The First Presbyterian Church — was established in 1698, by the Eev. Jedediah Andrews. Their primary meetings were held 100 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. on the 1ST. W. corner of Second and Chestnut streets. In 1704 the congregation erected their first building, on Market street, between Second and Third. This they enlarged in 1729, and entirely rebuilt in 1793, on a larger and more imposing scale, so much so that it was called " The Cathe- dral." The building was 88 feet long, 56 wide, and 46 high. Its facade consisted of 'a prostyle of four Corinthian columns, which with the cornice and pediment, was highly enriched. The rapid extension of trade, caused the final re- moval of this edifice in 1822 ; the congregation having procured the much more desirable loca- tion at the corner of Locust and Seventh streets, upon which they erected their present elegant building, in 1821. The Second Presbyterian Church — owes its origin to a division in the First church, caused by the preaching of the eloquent Whit- field, in 1742. These withdrew to the " Whit- field, new Meeting House," in Fourth street below Arch, subsequently known as the " Old Academy." In 1750, they founded the Second Presbyterian Church, on the corner of Arch and Third streets, which, in 1809, they rebuilt on an enlarged and more attractive scale. Owing to the noise and turmoil of its commer- cial neighborhood, the congregation subsequent- ly sold the property. HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 101 The Third Presbyterian Church — 4th and Pine streets, was founded by a colony from the church in Market street, in 1766. This ancient church was formerly under the pastoral charge of Dr. A. Alexander. Its spacious graveyard contains the remains of many famed in the annals of both church and state. The Presbyterian church has been eminently successful, and has exerted a marked influence in the cause of humanity and religion. Ever active in the cause of benevolence, they are foremost in the origin of every charitable insti- tution of a general character in the city. Among the church edifices belonging to this society, worthy of note for their architectural display, is The North Broad Street Church, situated on the corner of Broad and Green streets, of which locality it forms a prominent and attractive feature. The building is 117 feet in length on Green street, and 75 feet wide on Broad street. The tower on the west end is 25 feet broad at the base. The entire height of the tower and spire is 215 feet. The struc- ture is of rubble stone with dressed trimmings, both of a fine quality. A large rosette window, filled with beautiful stained glass, together with the chaste decorations peculiar to this order, 102 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. gives a pleasing effect to the facade on Broad street. The style of the building is the "Nor- man," and its cost was about $38,000. The Fifth Church — Arch street, above Tenth, erected in 1823, is also a beautiful struc- ture. It is of brick, with marble dressings, The tower and spire is highly ornamental, ex- hibiting at one view in their proper grades, the Ionic, Corinthian and Composite orders of architecture. Kefined taste questions the pro. priety of such a combination, yet it is not dis- puted that the effect is fine. The Calvary Church — 15th and Locust streets, is likewise an elegant building. Its northern front, the only one presented to view, is highly decorated. The West Arch Street Church — is also justly esteemed among the ornaments of the city. The rich decorations, together with its location, 18th and Arch streets, give it a grand appearance. The Central Church, 8th and Cherry streets ; The Spring Garden Church, 11th above Spring Garden streets ; together with the one at Penn Square, that in West Philadelphia, and the West Spruce Street, 17th and Spruce streets, are all creditable alike to their congre- gations and the city. There are 81 Presbyterian churches in the city, of which 37 are Old School, 23 New School, 10 United, 8 Reformed, and 3 colored. HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 103 There are but four Dutch Keformed Churches in Philadelphia. The First Church, an elegant building, with a lofty portico in the Corinthian order, is situated at the corner of Seventh and Spring Garden streets. The Second Church is located in Seventh street, above Brown. The Third at the corner of Tenth and Filbert streets,- and The Fourth at Manayunk. The Moravians or United Brethern— have a church at Franklin and Wood streets, while The New Jerusalem Church sustains five places of worship in the city, viz. : — The First, corner of Broad and Brandy wine streets : Second, 4th street below German ; Third, Cherry street between 21st and 22d ; the Fourth and Fifth are both at Frankford. The Lutherans have 17 churches in Phila- delphia, the oldest and most noted of which is at .the corner of Fifth streets and Appletree alley. It was erected in 1743, and Zion's Church, Fourth street above Arch, erected, 1766. Both buildings are creditable specimens of ancient style of building. St. John's Church — Eace street, above Fifth, is an elegant building. There "ars 8 German Eeformed ehurches, of which the First Church, Kace street below Fourth, established in 1762 is the oldest, and 104 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. Christ Church, Green street, above Fifteenth, the most elegant and modern. The spire of Christ Church is an object of attraction in the neighborhood. Eoman Catholic Churches. But few of the denomination appeared to have resided in the city previous to 1733. In that year the Eev. Mr. Crayton was formally commissioned by the Bishop of Maryland, to take charge of the Church in Philadelphia. This gentleman, to further his purpose, pur- chased a lot on Fourth Street, south of Walnut, upon which he erected a small chapel. This was dedicated to St Joseph. This house was afterwards enlarged, as the wants of the com- munity required. In 1763, St. Mary's Church, Fourth, below Walnut street, was erected. This building was also enlarged in 1810 to its present size. The grounds attached to the church, contain the remains of many noted citizens of this denomi- nation. The Church of the Holy Trinity— Sixth and Spruce streets, was erected in 1789, for the accommodation of the German popula- tion; and St. Augustine's Church — Fourth, between Kace and Yine, in 1800. This latter building was destroyed by a disgraceful mob some years since, when the present neat edifice was erected. HAND-BOOK IN" PHILADELPHIA. 105 The Diocese of Philadelphia was established in 1809. It comprises all that part of Pennsyl- vania east of the western limit of Tioga, Centre, Mifflin, Juniati, Franklin and Fulton counties, and also the State of Delaware. The churches in this city, belonging to the denomination, number 85, of which, The Cathedral of St. Peter and St. Paul, located in 18th street, between Kace and Sum- mer, is decidedly the most prominent, not only in this city, but is the most magnificent church edifice in the United States. The Methodist Churches in Philadel- phia, have 67 places of worship in the city, of which 10 are colored. The first Church estab- lished was the present " St. George's ;" the next u Ebenezer," Second street, near Queen; and the Third, the " Union." This society, second to none, in its influence in the country, proba- bly includes more members than any other denomination of Christians. Their churches are generally plain but substantial edifices, built more for convenience than display. There are seven Hebrew Synagogues i& the city. The Synagogues in Philadelphia, lik® in all other places in the United States are re spectively denominated "Spanish and Portu- guese," and " German and Polish. This divi- sion does not arise from any difference either 11 106 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. in their belief or ceremonial worship, but from the slight difference in the pronunciation of the Hebrew, and in some cases from the differ- ence of the tone chant of some of their Psalms and prayers. There are two Independent or Congrega- tional Churches in the city. Christian Church. — There is but one of this denomination in Philadelphia, viz.: Mount Zion, Christian street, below Sixth. The Bible Christians have a Church located on Third street, above Girard avenue. The Disciples op Christ — Twelfth street, below Melon. Church of the New Testament — Eleventh *and Wood streets. There are four Mariner's Churches in the city. Evangelical AssociATioNhave five churches in the city. German Baptists have two. The Unitarian, one. The Universalists, three. The Congregational, three. French Evan- gelist's, one ; and the Spiritualists have two. The belief of the latter is, that after death, the spirit has an existence in spheres or conditions, and though invisible to mortal vision, are never- theless immediately around us ; and that (here lies the whole novelty of their faith) spirits of HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 107 the departed can, and do, give positive evi- dence of their personal identity. Missionary Boards, &c. American Board of Foreign Missions, No. 1334s Chestnut street. American Sunday School Union is located in the fine granite building, No. 1122 Chestnut street. Board of Foreign Missions of the General Synod of Reformed Presbyterian Church, Treasurer, S. G. Scott, No. 47 N. Third street. Board of Foreign Missions of the United Pres- byterian Church, T. B. Eich, Treasurer, Kace street, below Sixteenth. Board of Domestic Missions of the German Reformed Church, No. 493 N. Fourth street. Board of Missions of the Diocese of Pennsylva- nia, No. 708 Walnut street. Missionary Association for Seamen in the Port of Philadelphia. Philadelphia City Missionary Society of the Lutheran Church. Philadelphia Home Missionary Society, No. 1334 Chestnut street. Presbyterian Board of Domestic Missions, No. 907 Arch street. Protestant Episcopal Association for the pro- motion of Christianity among the Jews. 108 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. The Home Missionary Society of the City of Philadelphia, No. 50 N. Seventh street. Society of the Protestant Episcopal Church for the advancement of Christianity in Pennsylva- nia. Rt. Rev. W. B. Stevens, President. Young Men's Central Home Mission, Treasurer, No. 426 Market staeet. Church Extension Society of the Methodist Episcopal Churchy Rev. J. Castle, D. D., Presi- dent, No. 1153 S. Fifteenth street. Locust Street Mission Association, Locust street, above Ninth. Bible and Tkact Publication Societies. Pennsylvania Bible Society, N. W. corner of Seventh and Walnut streets. * Philadelphia Bible Society, N. W. corner of Seventh and Walnut streets Bible Association of Friends, No. 116 N. Fourth street. American Sunday School Union, Publishing Department, No. 1122 Chestnut street. American Baptist Publication Society, No. 530 Arch street. American Tract Society, No. 1210 Chestnut street. American New Tract Society, J. S. Siddal, Recording Secretary, No. 424 Library street. Philadelphia Tract and Mission Society^ No. 115 S. Seventh street. HAND-BOOK IN" PHILADELPHIA. 109 Presbyterian Board of Publication, No. 821 Chestnut street. ^ Presbyterian Publication Committee, No. 1334 Chestnut street. ■ Tract Association of Friends, Depository, No. 304 Arch street. Association of Friends for the Diffusion of Religious and Useful Knowledge, No. 109 N. 10th street. Bishop White's Prayer Booh Society, Agents, King & Baird, No. 607 Sansom street. German Reformed Church Publication Board, No. 54 N. Sixth street. Lutheran Publication Society, No. 42 N. Ninth street. Boards of Education. Board of Education of the Presbyterian Church, No. 812 Chestnut street. Pennsylvania Baptist Educatimal Society, No. 530 Arch street. 110 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. BENEVOLENT INSTITUTIONS, ETC. The Pennsylvania Hospital — Pine and Spruce, Eighth and Ninth streets ; entrance on Eighth street. This noble charity stands pre- eminent above all public establishments of the kind in this country ; and in respect to the wisdom of its system, and excellence of its management, has no superior. The whole ar- rangement of both Hospital buildings, their perfect adaptation to their purpose, their neat, thoroughly ventilated, and scrupulously clean wards, arrest the attention of every visitor. The Institution was chartered in 1751. The chartered body consists of all who have paid fifty dollars to the institution. These are called " Contributions." They elect the Managers and a Treasurer. The City Hospital. — The patients are here under the care of a Medical Board, consisting of three physicians, three surgeons and two obstetricians, all contributors, who serve without compensation. The Hospital, with its various appendant buildings, occu- pies the entire square between Eighth and Ninth and Spruce and Pine streets. Its principal Front is on the latter street. The central building is occupied by the Library, Apothecary Apartment, Steward's Rooms, Committee Rooms, &c. In the second story is a fine ward devoted as a lying-in hos- pital for married women. In the third story is an elegant HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. Ill amphitheatre for surgical operations and lectures. The east and west wings are divided into Medical and Surgical wards. The beautiful lawn in front of the centre build- ings is ornamented with a statue of William Penn, in lead. The other branch of this institution is properly designated the Pennsylvania Hospital . for the Insane, and is located between Market street and Hav- erford road, in the Twenty -fourth Ward, on grounds embracing about one hundred acres. The corner-stone of this elegant building was laid on the 22d of June, 1836, and the house opened for reception of patients on the 1st of January, 1841. The Hospital is under the man- agement of one physician. Forty indigent patients are admitted on the charity list. The conditions are, that their cases shall offer a fair chance of cure. They are admitted for a period of six months ; but if, at the expiration of that time, a reason- able expectation of cure remains, their stay may be ex- tended. Our readers must remember that this is not an Asylum for the Insane, but an Hospital for their cure, if such is possible. Patients who are able to pay are also admitted. The rate of board, &c, is regulated by the means of the patients, and the accommodations required. This Hospital is divided into two departments, viz. : one for males and one for females. A visit to the Hospital for the Insane, will amply repay any one who loves the beauties of nature, or the still greater beauties of beneficence in orderly, efficient, and extensive actions. Around the house are pleasure grounds, of finely diversified surface, adorned with flowers, shrub- bery, and trees, and from various points commanding beautiful rural views. Neat isolated buildings are seen 112 HAND-BOOK* IN PHILADELPHIA. here and there, intended for the amusement or employ- ment of the inmates, or for other purposes connected with their well-being. In the midst, the main edifice arises, imposing by its magnitude, and striking by its archi- tectural character, arranged internally with every atten- tion to healthfulness and comfort ; where everything ia exquisitely clean, everything in order, and where a re- freshing atmosphere of kindness, cheerfulness, and all the gentler virtues, seem to hreathe peacefully through hall, saloon, and chamber. Visitors are admitted from 10 A. M., until sunset, on all week-days, except on Saturday afternoon. The Market street cars go direct to the Asylum. Wills Hospital For the Eelief of the Indigent Blind and Lame t is one of the most beautifully located institu- tions in the city, being situated in Eace street, between Eighteenth and Nineteenth streets, im- mediately opposite Logan Square, which, with the ample grounds attached to the Hospital, gives it all the advantages of a rural location. This Hospital was founded hy the late James Wills, of Philadelphia, who bequeathed to the city the sum of $108,396 65, for that purpose. The lot on which the Hospital is built, occupies the entire square, between ^ace and Cherry and Eighteenth and Nineteenth street. This valuablo Institution is under the direction of eighteen "Managers," elected by Councils for a period of three years ; six members being elected annually. Visitors can obtain admission by application to the Steward on the premises. Take the Race and Yine Street cars. hand-book in philadelphia. 113 The Hospital of the Protestant Episco- pal Chukch in Philadelphia, corner of Hunt- ingdon and Front streets. This charity is an- other evidence of the liberality of the citizens of Philadelphia. The Hospital buildings, with the exception of Girard College, being the most noble range of buildings in the city. The style of architecture adopted, is the Norman Gothic, of which it is a beautiful example. It is supposed that this Hospital will surpass, when fully organized, in all respects, any simi- lar institution in the world. The Hospital already has accommodations for two hundred patients, who are admitted without reference to their creed, color, or nation. Charity Hospital, Buttonwood street, below Broad, is likewise established for the benefit of all citizens and strangers who require its aid. St. Joseph's Hospital, Girard avenue and Seventeenth street, is another valuable institu- tion, lately enlarged. It is under the charge of the "Sisters of Charity," and in a truly Christ- ian spirit admits persons of every creed, nation and color. The Children's Hospital op Philadel- phia, Blight street, east of Broad, between Lombard and Pine streets, is intended for sick children, between the ages of ten and twelve years. 114 hand-book in philadelphia. The Howard Hospital and Infirmary of Incurables, is located at Nos. 1518 and 1520 Lombard street, dispenses relief and assistance gratuitously to the poor. Philadelphia Lying-in Charity and Nurse Society, No 931 Eace street, is intended to afford medical aid to indigent married women, at their own homes, and to furnish to such as require it, a competent nurse. Incidental to these objects, attention is given to the careful training of suitable women for the responsible duties of the sick chamber, and a register of qualified nurses is kept at the estab- lishment for public reference. The German Hospital of the City of Philadelphia, 20th and Norris streets. Preston Retreat, or Lying-in Hospital for Indigent Married Women, Hamilton, between 20th and 21st streets. The facade of this elegant huilding is of Pennsylvania marble, and is ornamented with a beautiful Doric portico. The whole edifice is finished in the most thorough manner, and reflects great credit upon all concerned. The grounds around the hospital, add greatly to its appearance. They, embrace the entire block from 20th to 21st street, and ex- tend nearly to Spring Garden street. This charity was founded by the late Dr. Jonas Preston of this city. St. Francis' Hospital, Fourth street and Girard avenue. The Jews' Hospital, corner of Fisher and Westminster avenues. hand-book in philadelphia. 115 Christ Church Hospital, Belmont, 24th ward, owes its foundation to Dr. John Kearsley, formerly an eminent physi- cian of this city, who bequeathed a consider- able estate to the vestry of Christ Church, of which he was long an active and useful member, for this purpose. Subsequent bequests and donations, among which was that of Mr. Joseph Dobbins of South Carolina, whose gift though not of as great value at the time of donation, as Dr. Kearsley's, (1798) has since, by increased value of real-estate, brought to the funds much larger revenues. The property bequeathed by Mr. Dobbins, consisted of five hundred pounds in cash, a lot on Fifth street adjoin- ing the burial ground, and upon which spacious stores have been erected ; and the entire square between Spruce and Pine and 18th and 19th streets, which after remain- ing unproductive for over seventy years, has been sold for one hundred and eighty thousand dollars, and is now covered with first class dwelling houses. This gentleman lived fifteen years after making this do- nation. He died in Charleston, South Carolina, in 1804, at the age of seventy-one, leaving in addition to the above, as his will expresses it, "all his estate, real and personal, consisting of one hundred and twenty-six shares in the Bank of South Carolina, together with other property amounting to about six thousand dollars, to the poor and distressed widows supported by the bounty of Dr. Kearsley, in Christ Church Hospital." • Thus through the munificence of these two individuals, one of those useful and benevolent institutions that adorn our city, has been amply endowed. This institution was first opened at No. Ill Arch street. Subsequently a much more commodious building was erected on Cherry street, above Third. A proper application of the funds, demanded 116 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. increased accommodations. These could not be obtained by an extension of the old building, owing to the active mercantile character of the neighborhood, and the conse- quent increased value of real estate. The managers very judiciously sought a location that would possess that quietness consonant to such an institution. This was obtained in Belmont, 24th Ward, where they have erected one of the most elegant buildings in Philadelphia, possess- ing accommodations for about one hundred inmates, viz. : "Poor and Distressed Women of the Episcopal Church." The office of the Christ Church Hospital, is in Prune below 6th street. The City, or Municipal, Hospital, Lamb Tavern and Hart's lane roads, is under the con- trol of the Board of Health. The City Hospital, Blockley Alms House. The Women's Hospital, North College avenue and 22d street. The Children's Hospital of Philadel- pia, Eleventh street, above Columbia avenue. The Homeopathic Infirmary, Coates and Eleventh streets. The various medical colleges have also valu- able hospital accommodations. Dispensaries. Philadelphia Dispensary, No. 127 south Fifth street. This valuable charity was founded as early as 1786, with a view of furnishing gratuitous advice, surgical aid and medicines, to the poor. HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 117 In addition to this institution, there is The Northern Dispensary, No. 603 Spring Garden street; Southern Dispensary, No. 318 Shippen street; Dispensary Department for the Poor, Catharine street, above Seventh ; Homeopathic Infirmary, S. E. corner of Coates and Eleventh streets ; and The Southern Homeopathic Dispen ■ sary, No. 318 Shippen street. In addition to these, we may mention that the various Medical Colleges dispense medical advice, aid and medicines gratuitously to the poor. PENNSYLVANI 1 IIOSPITAL. 118 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. ASYLUMS. Magdalen Asylums, or " Houses of Mercy." There are three of these associations in Phila- delphia, viz. : — The Magdalen Society, 21st and Eace streets. The asylum is a spacious brick structure, sur- rounded by pleasant grounds. It was instituted in 1800, and chartered in 1802. House of the Good Shepherd, Twenty-third street, between Sansom and Walnut streets. This institution is under charge of the Sisters of Charity. The Eosine Association of Philadelphia, Rising Sun Village, on Germantown avenue. Philadelphia Orphans' Society Asylum— Eace and 18th streets. This institution was formed in 1814, and incorporated in 1816. The building is of brick, constructed fire-proof to guard against the calamity of fire ; a former building on this same site being destroyed by that element, with twenty-three of its little in- mates, on the morning of January 22d, 1822. Indigent Widows' and Single Women's Society of Philadelphia. This benevolent institution was founded in 1819. It is supported by con- tributions and bequests. The asylum is situated on Cherry street, east of 18th, immeditaely ad- joining the Orphans' Asylum. HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 119 The Asylum for the Relief of Persons deprived of the use of their Reason. — This institution is beautifully located near Frankford, in the 28d "Ward. It was founded in 1813, by the Society of Friends, with a view of affording to those afflicted with insanity, the domestic comforts usually found in a private family, combined with skillful moral and medical treatment. The " Burd' Asylum of St. Stephen's Church — "West Chester Eoad, above Cobb's creek. This is a magnificent endowment for the education of female orphans of the Episcopal Church. The Penn Asylum for poor Widows and Single Women — Belgrade street, above Otis. Asylum for Orphans and Widows of deceased Clergyman of the Lutheran Church — German- town. St. John's Asylum for Orphan Boys, is a noble institution, situated on Lancaster avenue, 24th Ward. St. Joseph's Female Orphan Asylum — 7th and Spruce streets. St. Vincent's Orphan Asylum — at Tacony. St. Ann's Widows' Asylum — Second street, below Christian. German Reformed Orphan Asylum — situated in Bridesburg. Colored Orphans' Asylum — Haver^ord road, 24th Ward. " 120 HAND-BOOK IN" PHILADELPHIA. HOIHES FOR THE HOMELESS. The Northern" Home for Friendless Children. — This institution, for the support and tuition of deserted or friendless children, under thirteen years of age, is located at the corner of Twenty-third and Brown streets. Another Children's Home is located at the corner of Twelfth and Fitz water streets. The object of both is to remove deserted children, under thirteen years of age, from the evil influences of the city, to the healthy and moral atmosphere of the country, during their minority. The Western Provident Home for Chil- dren — Logan and Venango streets, Twenty- fourth "Ward, is another similar to the above. The Temporary Home Association of Philadelphia — No. 727 Filbert street, is in- tended to furnish a cheap and comfortable place of boarding to single women and children out of employment. The News Boys' Aid Society — No. 221 Spruce street ; instituted to provide lodgings and education for homeless and indigent boys engaged in selling newspapers. HAND BOOK IX PHILADELPHIA. 121 Industrial Home for Girls — S. E. corner of Broad street and Columbia avenue. This institution was founded for the instruction of girls in the art of house-work and sewing, and thus prepare them for service in private families. Home for Destitute Colored Children — Maylandville, Twenty-fourth Ward. The ob- ject of this institution is similar to that of the Foster Home Association — Front and Huntingdon streets, a charity founded for pro- viding a temporary home for the children of poor widows, &c, who are here fed, clothed, and educated at a small weekly charge. The house is entirely supported by the contribu- tions of benevolent ladies, and the board of the children. It has no endowments. Association for the Care of Colored Children — No. 708 Lombard street. Home for the Moral Reform of Desti- tute Children — No. 708 Lombard street. In this house, destitute colored children are received, and trained for usefulness. The Soldier's Home, S. E. corner of 16th and Filbert streets, is a noble institution, sup- ported by private and public contributions, and gives a home and shelter to all honorably dis- charged soldiers and sailors of the Union Army and Navy, who are unable, by reason of wounds or other disability, to support themselves. 122 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. G random Fund— Office, 811 Arch street. Bart of this fund is employed in furnishing coal to deserving poor, at a reduced price, about half cost. Lutheran Home for Orphans — German- town. St. Vincent's Home for Destitute In- FANT8 — Eighteenth and Wood streets. Church Home for Children — N. E. corner of Twenty-second and Pine streets. The Howard Institution — No. 1612 Poplar street, is under the care of an association of ladies, principally belonging to "Friends." Young Men's Home of Philadelphia — No. 1331 Filbert street. In addition to these institutions, there are nu- merous Benevolent Associations founded for the relief and employment of the poor. Among them The Female Society of Philadelphia — No. 112 North Seventh street, is one of the oldest in the city, having been instituted in 1793. Its object is to furnish employ- ment, during the winter, at the House of Industry to aged women, and those with young children. A nursery de- partment, well warmed rooms, and a comfortable dinner is provided, and a small compensation. The association also visit and attend the indigent sick. The Provident Society for Employing the Poor — Prune, below Sixth street. The Union Benevolent Association — Office, South Seventh street, two doors north of Sansom. The Western Association of Ladies for the Belief and Employment of the Poor — Seventeenth street between Market and Chestnut streets. HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 123 The Northern Association of the City and County op Philadelphia, for the Relief and Employment of Poor Women — No. 702 Green street. The Central Employment Association — S. E. corner of Green and Ninth streets. The Philadelphia Society (for the Same Purpose) — Catharine street, between Seventh and Eighth. The Home Missionary Society, Office, North street, near Fifth. United Hebrew Relief Association, Central Station, Julianna Street Synagogue. The object of this Institution is to grant relief to the poor and helpless, and to support the aged, the infirm and the destitute of the Jewish faith. Association of Friends for the relief of the suffering poor, No. 72 N. 4th street. Female Association for the relief of the sick and infirm poor; French Benevolent Society; Swiss Benevolent Society ; the various Hibernian Benevolent Societies ; the numberless beneficial and mutual aid societies, connected with the various churches, trades and social orders, would fill a good sized volume with their names alone. In closing this chapter, we must not forget The Philadelphia Association for the Relief op Disabled Firemen — Office, No. 34 North 5th street, because it is one of the most worthv charitable associations of the city, nor the Soup Houses for supplying the poor, &c, of which there are eight in the city, viz. : — The Central, The Phila- delphia, The Northern, The Southwark, The Moyamensing, The Western, The Spring Garden, and The Kensington, These houses are opened early in the winter, and are well supported by donations from the benevolent. Other cities may boast of their "Eoyal Pala- ces" and magnificent works of art, but Phila- delphia may well pride herself upon her Chris- tian Bene vole/ace. 124 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. MISCELLANEOUS ASSOCIATIONS. A vast number of such associations abound in our city. We notice a few of the most prominent. The Masonic Order Is perhaps the most extensive and important of these organizations, both in numbers and charac- ter; but as Secresy is the obligation of the fraternity, we are unable to give definite infor- mation as to the objects or plan of operations of the order. Masons have ever been noted for their benevolence in all worthy enterprises. The head quarters of the order, is the Masonic Hall, Chestnut street, between 7th and 8th. This is the most spacious and ornate structure of the kind in the United States, the interior arrangements being in unison with its facade. The Independent Order of Odd Fellows— an organization similar in character to that of the Masons, have a handsome building on Sixth, below Cherry street, occupied as the head- quarters of the order in this city. In addition to these principal, both Masons and Odd Fel- lows have other Lodge Eooras and Halls in and around the city. HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 125 The Sons of Temperance is a similar organization, in some respects, to the last named, but Laving for their specific object, the promo- tion of Temperance. There are now 24 " divi- sions" of the Sons of Temperance in this city, all in active operation. Office of the Grand Scribe — No. 118 South Seventh street. Societies of Adopted Citizens and Foreign Eesidents in Philadelphia. There are several of these Societies organ- ized as a bond of union, and to foster the recol- lections of their native land. They also extend their benevolence and assistance to those of their respective nationalities who may require their aid. Society of the Sons of St. George. — W. H. Allen, Treasurer, No. 154 South Fourth street. Albion Society. — J. Smedly, Agent, No. 211 Chestnut street. Hibernian Society James Brown, Treasurer, No. 140 Walnut street. St. Andrew's Society C. B. Kitchie, Secre- tary, No. 508 Walnut street. Scot's Thistle Society John Booth, Secretary, No. 1630 Mar ket street. French Benevolent Society.— No. 36 South Fourth street. German So- ciety, Hall No. 20 South Seventh street. The Welsh Society H. G. Jones, President, No. 126 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 183, South Fifth street. The Swiss Benevo- lent Society — S. W. corner of Wood and Fourth streets. Clubs. There are several clubs of gentlemen in Phi- ladelphia. The most noted, however, is The Union League, whose object is to pro- mote friendly intercourse among loyal people. The condition of membership is unqualified loyalty to the Government of the United Slates. The headquarters of the League is The Union League House, S. W. corner of Broad and Sansom streets. This building, the first of the kind erected in Philadelphia, claims particular notice. The design of the structure is the French Renais- sance, or, more strictly, the modern style of architecture. The facades are of fine pressed brick with granite and brown stone dressings, the basement story being of granite, while the steps and main entrance, together with the sills, architraves, and pediments of the windows are of brown stone. The angles of the build- ing have also brown stone rustic quoins. The facade on Broad street is very elegant, being ornamented with a portico of four columns supporting a richly executed cornice. A balus- trade, of fine execution and design, extends , HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 127 along the front of the spacious platform, which is approached by semicircular steps on the north and south extremities. The building is covered by a Mansard roof. A massive tower, in keeping with the general design of the main edifice, rises from the southwest angle. The main entrance leads into a spacious Hall ex- tending the whole length of the building. This hall is fourteen feet wide, and has openings into beautifully ornamented and furnished rooms, respectively designated Parlor, Smoking Room, Publishing Room, Director's Room, Office, Private Dining Room, and Main Dining Saloon. The rear of this floor opens on a bal- cony, from which stairways lead to the taste- fully ornamented garden. A main stairway between the Smoking Room and Dining Saloon, lead to the second story, which contains a well furnished Library, a Read- ing Room, a Reception Room, and a grand Ban- quetting Saloon ; these rooms are superbly furnished. The Basement contains a Billiard Room and a Supper Room, adjoining which is the Kitchen, Pantries, Store Rooms, &c. Through the agency of this Association the following troops were put into the field during the late war: 1st Union League; 2d Union League, and 3d Union League Regiments ; 4th Union League, or 183d Regiment Pa. ^ r ols. ; 128 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 5th Union League, or 196th Pa. Vols.; 6th Union League, or 198th Pa. Vols. ; 7th Union League, or 213th Pa. Vols. ; 8th Union League, or 214th Pa. Vols.; 9th Union League, or 215th Pa. Vols., together with the Gardner Bat- talion of Cavalry, comprising four full compa- nies : the Dana Cavalry Troop, and a third bat- talion for the 198th Eegiment Pa. Vols. ; in all, 10,000 men. The League has exerted also a wide spread influence during the same period, by the dis- semination of loyal publications. " The Soldiers' Claim and Pension Agency," (designed to pro- tect the unwary soldier from the swindling agencies of outside parties,) is mostly composed of members of this League. " The Supervisory Committee for Kecruiting Colored Troops," was also composed of members of the League ; and under their able management, eleven full regi- ments of colored troops were added to the National armies. The League may well be congratulated for their eminent services to their country, as well as for their beautiful building, which adds so much to the street architecture of this city. The National Union Club, No. 1105 Chest- nut street, is a political association. The Press Club is composed of gentlemen connected with the press. Eooms, No. 515 Chestnut street. HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 129 United American Mechanics — There is an organization of this name having a Hall, N. E. corner of George, and 4th streets, com- posed of, as its name implies, " American Mechanics." It is partly a beneficial society. The Pennsylvania Club House, 1129 Chest- nut street, The Keystone Club, has no Hall or regular place of meeting. A large and influential class of citizens are, however, enrolled among its members. Colonel McC and less, is President of the club. The Philadelphia Club House, 13th and "Walnut streets, is a strictly private association. In addition, there are several Boat Clubs' Club Houses, principally situated on the Schuyl- kill river, at the City Park. Neat, tasty and safe boats are always on hire near these Boat Houses. Exchange and Business Associations. Board of Brokers of the People's Exchange^ No. 505 Chestnut street. Butchers' 1 and Metiers 1 Association, Pennsylva • nia avenue, below 16th street. Coal Exchange of Philadelphia, No. 205^ Wal nut street. Farmers' Hay and Market Exchange, 7th and Oxford streets. Philadelphia Drug Exchange, No 17 S. Third street. 13 130 hand-book in philadelphia. Foreign Consuls in Philadelphia. Great Britain. — Charles Edward K. Kort- right, No. 619 Walnut street. France. — Francisque Charles Alphonse La- cathou de la Forrest, No. 524 Walnut street. Austria. — S. Morris Wain, No. 128 S. Dela- ware avenue. Republic of Costa Rica. — S. Morris Wain, No. 128 S. Delaware avenue. Republic of Guatemala. — S. Morris Wain, No. 128 S. Delaware avenue. Baden. — Clamor Frederick Hagedorn, No. 321 South Third street. Bavaria Clamor Frederick Hagedorn, No. 321 South Third street. Brunswick. — Clamor Frederick Hagedorn, No. 321 S. Third street. Hesse- Cassel. — Clamor Frederick Hagedorn, No. 321 South Third street. Hesse- Darmstadt. — Clamor Frederick Hage- dorn, No. 321 South Third street. Oldenburg. — Clamor Frederick Hagedorn, No. 321 South Third street. Saxe- Goburg Gotha. — Clamor Frederick Hage- dorn, No. 321 South Third Street. Saxe- Weimar. — Clamor Frederick Hagedorn, No. 321 South Third street. Bremen John T. Plate, No. 30 Bank street. Hamburg. — John T. Plate, No. 30 Bank street. HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 131 Saxony. — John T. Plate, No. 30 Bank street. Brazil. — Edward S. Sayres, No. 201 South Front street. Denmark. — Edward S. Sajres, No. 201 South Front street. Portugal. — Edward S. Sayres, No. 201 South Front street. Sweden and Norway. — Edward S. Sayres, No. 101 South Front street. Frankfort-on-the-Main.— John H. Harjes, No. 19J Strawberry street. Grand Duchy of Mechlenberg Schwerin John II. Harjes, No. 19J Strawberry street. Luhec John J. Harjes, No. 1% Strawberry street. Argentine Confederation. — J. Costas, No. 124 "Walnut street. Belgium. — G. E. Saurman, No. 1104 Chest- nut street. Buenos Ayres. — Nalbro Frazier, No. 105 Wal- nut street. Chili. — Vacant. Hayti. — V ac an t . Italy. — Yiti M. Alonzo, No. 149 S. Front street. Mexico. — Vacant. Netherlands. — George K. Ziegler, No. 221 S. Fourth street. Peru. — S. J. Christian, No. 141 North "Water street. 132 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. Prussia. — C. C. Schottler, No. 30 Bank street. Russia. — Henry Preant, No. 500 South Dela- ware avenue. Spain. — Carlos de Eameaurj Garcia, No. 925 Locust street. Switzerland. — Budolph Koradi, S. W. corner of Fourth and Wood streets. Uruguay.— J. E.Bazley, No. 122 South Dela- ware avenue. Oriental Republic of Uraguay. — J. E- Bazley, No. 122 South Delaware avenue. Venezuela. — Leon de la Cova, No. 128 Wal- nut street. Wurtemburg. — William Ludwig Kiderlin, No. 268 South Third street. WALNUT STREET THEATRE. HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 133 PLACES OF AMUSEMENT, Theatres. In 1754, the first theatrical exhibitions in Philadelphia, were held in a store house, situ- ated in Water street, near Pine. Subsequently a building was erected for the purpose, in South street. Popular prej udice was powerfully against this introduction of " European folly," so much so, as for several years to render the permanent establishment of Theatres doubtful. This oppo- sition was to be expected from the religious and social habits of the population, which then found, and to a great extent do yet find, abun- dant amusement in social intercourse and home enjoyments. In 1791, the Theatre that lately stood on Chestnut street, west of Sixth, was erected. This place of amusement was long the favorite one in the city. In 1809, " The Olympic," or present Walnut Street Theatre was built. This establishment intended and used many years for the repre- sentation of Pantomines, Olympic exercises, &c, was enlarged in 1813, and the house has since been in almost constant use as a regular theatre, for which the building, a commodious substantial and well designed structure, having 134 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. been almost entirely rebuilt in 1865, is every way adapted. At present, there are four regular theatrical establishments in this city, all of which are well attended. Academy of Music — Broad and Locust streets, was first opened to the public, January 26th, 1857. The building is of two stories, and has a front on Broad street of 140 feet, and extends 268 feet on Locust street. Its style of architecture is the " Romanesque." The materials of the first story on Broad street, which forms its principal facade, is of a fine quality of brown stone. A line of the same material marks the height of this story on Locust street. The superior walls are of the finest pressed bricks. These walls are enor- mously thick and well put up. In this respect, the Academy may be regarded as one of the most substantial buildings in the country. Five large doors extending along a projec- tion of ninety feet, and a large window on its flanks, form the first story of the main front. Over these doors is a solid stone balcony, upon, which open the windows of the second story. On Locust street, there are thirteen similar openings to each story, five of them being doors in the first story, protected also by a stone bal- cony of like design to that on Broad street. HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 135 The entrance on Broad street, leads into a spa- cious hall, on the ends of which are the ticket offices. From this hall we pass into an elegant vestibule, 90 by 30 feet. Spacious flights of stairways, on the north and south extremities, lead to the upper tier of fooxes. This vestibule is richly, yet chastely decorated. Openings lead from this apartment into a lobby, thirteen feet wide, and extending along the east, north and south flanks of the audito- rium, and has openings into each tier of boxes. On the north side of the lobby, is the ladies' retiring room. A similar apartment for gentle- men is situated on the south side. The first tier of seats, is the range of boxes in the second story. This is called the " Grand Dress Circle." The private boxes are in the rear of these, but are slightly elevated above the rest. This first tier communicates with a Grand Saloon, situa- ted immediately over the vestibule. This room is 90 by 40 feet, with a ceiling 35 feet high. The decorations of this splendid saloon display refined taste. In this room the audience resort between the acts. It is also designed for ban- quets, balls, or concerts, for all of which it is well adapted. The Parquette is traversed by two aisles. Over this space is the dome, which spans the whole aud torium. The dome is framed of strong 136 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. iron work, covered. Its decorations are elabo- rately elegant. Besides the Parquette and main Dress Circle, there are two other tiers of boxes. Altogether the auditorium will seat 3,500 persons. The Proscenium is flanked by six massive columns, about 35 feet high, Between two of these, standing obliquely on each side, are the tiers of proscenium boxes, and over their entab- lature following the line of the columns, are gigantic figures, bending beneath the crowning entablature and pediment, from which springs the wide ellipse, spanning the stage in front of the curtain. The house is lighted by a superb gilt and glass chandelier, 50 feet in circumference, de- pending from the centre of the dome, with 240 lights ; these, with numerous beautiful brackets against the wall of each tier, shed brilliancy over the whole. The Stage is the largest and best arranged in the United States. It presents a front of 50 feet, and extends back from the foot-lights, 93 feet. Mrs. John Drew's ISTew Arch Street- Theatre. — Arch street, west of Sixth, is one of the most popular places of amusement in the city ; the house having'been lately rebuilt with all the modern improvements. Walnut Street Theatre — K E. corner of HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 137 Walnut and Ninth streets. This place has been previously noticed. New Chestnut Street Theatre — Chestnut street, west of Twelfth. This candidate for public favor, is situated in one of the most desirable locations in the city. In addition to these Theatres there are nu- merous other places of amusement. Among them Fox's New American Theatre — Walnut street, above Eighth. Carncross and Dixey's Ethiopian Opera House — Eleventh street, above Chestnut. Concert Hall — Chestnut street, west of Twelfth. This is a beautiful room, where Con- certs, Panoramos, Exhibitions, &c, are being constantly held. Philadelphia Museum — No. 833 Market street. Assembly Buildings — Tenth and Chestnut streets. Musical Fund Hall — Locust street, between Eighth and Ninth. Handel and Haydn 138 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. Hall — Eighth and Spring Garden streets, to- gether with numerous others in various parts of the city, constantly occupied for Concerts, Lectures, Balls, &c. Here we take occasion to warn the stranger against visiting any of the numerous "Concert Saloons,'! that abound in even our most prominent streets, where liquor is sold, the attraction of music, dancing, &c, being only a decoy to the worst of vices. Skating Parks. Union Skating Parle — Fourth and Diamond streets. Philadelphia Skating Park — Thirty-first and Walnut streets. National Skating Park — Twenty-first street and Columbia avenue. Keystone Skating Park-— Third and Morris streets. BushnelVs Skating Park — Broad street, above Columbia avenue. Eastwick Skating Park— -Gray's Ferry Koad. Central Skating Park — Fifteenth and Wallace streets. West Philadelphia Base Ball and Skating Park— Forty -first street, north of Lancaster avenue. HANDBOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 139 PUBLIC SQUARES, PARKS, AND GROUNDS. Of all the improvements, which we have wit- nessed in Philadelphia, the planting and open- ing of public squares and parks, is the most beautiful and salutary. We never pass through or near them, and see the happy and^ healthy beings who people them, enjoying the pure air and the fresh verdure, the music of birds, the rustling of the rich foliage, and all the other sights -and sounds of rural life ; women and children free from annoyance or the apprehen- sion o^ it, though unguarded and unprotected, without feeling doubly contented with our coun- try, a"id the place of our birth and residence. T//E State House, or Independence Squ Aire, was purchased by the Provincial As- sent bly in 1782, for the erection of State build- ings, &c. It was subsequently purchased from the State by the city, with the proviso, that it should ever be maintained as an open walk, free to the public. This Square is celebrated as the scene of many of the most important events in the history of the nation. It was here, at a public assembly, that John Adams nominated George Washington as Commander- 140 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. in-CLief of the American armies ; and it was in this Square that The Independence of the Colonies was first proclaimed to the world. Washington Square, opposite State House, or Independence Square, was formerly the "Pot- tersfield," a place where the unknown dead, or the children of poverty were buried, without a stone or memorial to mark the end of their wanderings or troubles. What thoughts and memories does this beautiful Square conjure up of the unfortunate dead, that lie beneath the pleasant shade of its spreading trees. This was one of the original Squares, designed by Wil- liam Penn, to adorn his city. The Franklin Square — bounded by Sixth, Race, Vine and Franklin streets, was also used at one time as a common burying ground. It is now one of the most beautiful spots in the city, having an elegant fountain in its centre. Why not erect a monument in this square to the memory of him whose name it bears ? Logan Square — bounded by Race. Yine, 18th and 19th streets, is another of the original squares laid out in the plan of the city. In 1864 the " Sanitary Fair" rendere . this square a scene of social enjoyment and benevolence, that will be long remembered by the thousands who participated in it. Rittenhouse Square — bounded by Walnut, HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 141 Locust, 18th and 19th streets. The neighbor- hood of these last two squares is occupied by some of the most elegant private residences in the city. The Penn Squares — Broad and Market streets, were designed by William Penn for public buildings, for the accommodation of city offices, nor could a more suitable location be obtained for such purposes. Jefferson Square — between 3d and 4th streets, and Washington avenue and Federal street. Norris Square — in the northern part of the cit} 7 , is bounded by Howard, Hancock and Dia- mond streets, on its east, west, and south fronts, and by Susquehanna avenue on the north front, was given by Isaac Parker Norris, to the public. Schackamaxon Square. — This is a small plot of ground situated at the junction of Laurel and Beach streets. It was formerly the site of a market house. It has been neatly enclosed and planted with trees and shrubs. This was devised to the public by William Masters. Hunting Park — York Road and Nicetown Lane. This new Park was the gift of several citizens. It contains 43 acres, and a plan from designs of Mr. John Saunders, for its im- provement, has been adopted. When finished, it will contain the finest avenue of Tulip Pop- lars in the Middle States. 14 142 HAND-BOOK IN" PHILADELPHIA. Parade Ground — is situated on the north- west side of the County Prison. Fox Square — between West Gaul, and Tioga streets. Germantown Square — between Courtland ■ and Wyoming streets. Fairmount, or City Park, extends along the entire eastern front of the Schuylkill Kiver, from the Suspension, or Wire Bridge, to a point north of the Girard Avenue Bridge. It embraces the Fairmount Water Works, the former " Pratt's Garden," "Sedgley Park," and the " Schuylkill Water Works." The scenery along the shores of the Schuyl- kill river, from the dam to the Columbia Bridge, is exceedingly beautiful. The east bank above the Park, presenting for the most part a wild and picturesque appearance, while the west shore abounds in lovely landscapes. Immedi- ately opposite the City Park, on the west shore, is " Solitude," the once country seat of the Penn family; to the north of which, on the opposite side of Girard Avenue Bridge, is " Egglesfield," another country seat of olden days. Both of these charming places are fast going into ruin, and if not rescued by the city, will soon be among the things that were. Still farther north, " Sweet Brier" meets the eye, situated on one of the most desirable locations on the river. HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 143 Adjoining this last, is Landsdowne Park, for- merly "Landsdowne Manor." There are few spots in the vicinity of Philadelphia, more beautiful than this. The Manor House was originally erected by John Penn, but the estate subsequently became the property of the Bing- ham family. Here, Washington, at one time, established his headquarters. 40th street forms the western, and Hancock avenue the southern front of this Park. Point Breeze Park and Kace Course is situated on the Penrose Ferry Koad, near the Ferry Bridge. The property belongs to an association of gentlemen. ENTRANCE TO LAUREL HILL CEMETERY. 144 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. CEMETERIES. The Swedes Church Burying Ground, was the first place of interment in the city of Philadelphia. A dense and active population now occupy this ancient spot so that the visitor can form no conception of its picturesque ap- pearance, " when far below the city;" it stood in the midst of a majestic growth of forest trees that extended to the river. The Friends' Burial Ground, Arch and Fourth streets, is also an ancient place of inter- ment, having been dedicated to this purpose in 1683. The first person buried here was Gov- ernor's Lloyd's wife. William Penn addressed the mourners at her grave. Christ Church Burial Ground, was the third place of this kiad opened in the city. This cemetery, situated on the corner of Arch and Fifth streets, was for many years the fash- ionable burial place. In it, repose the remains of the celebrated Benjamin Franklin, and Debo- rah, his wife. Generally the old church bvrial grounds, of which there are many yet remaining in the city, are devoid of ornament, and possess no interest to the traveller. The number of interments in them are rapidly diminishing. HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 145 The Mutual Burying Ground, Washing- ton avenue, above Ninth street, though boast ing of no architectural beauty or mral adorn- ments, was the first cemetery established in the United States, subject to no clerical denomina- tion. It was opened for interments in 1824. Laurel Hill Cemetery, Ridge avenue, near the "Falls," Schuylkill river, is beautifully situated on the banks of the river, and is easy of access at all times by the passenger railway cars via the Ridge avenue, and by the small steamboats, running from Fairmount, during the summer months. Woodland Cemetery, Darby road, opposite the city, about one mile south of Market street. The grounds of this cemetery, formerly the country seat of a private family, are beautifully picturesque, and the views through the glades and avenues are unsurpassed for sweetness and repose. A drive through this cemetery will prove interesting. The views of the city, of the river Schuylkill, and of the Delaware, in the far horizon, are very fine. Ronaldson Cemetery, situated at Ninth and Shippen streets. Machpelah Cemetery, Washington avenue, from Tenth to Eleventh streets. Lebanon Cemetery, Passyunk road, west of Broad street. 146 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. Philadelphia Cemetery, Passyunk road, west of Broad street. Philanthropic Cemetery, Passyunk road, below County Prison. Lafayette Cemetery, block from Ninth to Tenth, and from Federal to Wharton streets. Cathedral Cemetery, Lancaster turnpike, 24th Ward. Glenwood Cemetery, Kidge road and Islington lane. Mount Vernon Cemetery, Ridge Road, opposite Laurel Hill. The Monument Cemetery, Broad street, above Montgomery avenue. The Odd Fellows' Cemetery, situated on 24th street and Islington lane. The American Mechanics 1 Cemetery, Islington lane and 21st street. St. Mary 1 s Cemetery, Buck Road, below County Prison. Olive Cemetery, Lancaster avenue, 24th "Ward. Mount Moriah Cemetery, Darby turnpike, 3 miles from the Market Street Bridge. Mount Sinai Cemetery, Bridesburg. Fviends 1 Cemetery, West Chester road. Fair Hill Cemetery, Germantown turnpike and Cambria street. Hebrew Cemetery, Frankford. Cedar Hill Cemetery, Frankford. HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 147 Levirington Cemetery, Roxborough. Beth-el- Emeth Cemetery, Fisher's avenue and Market street. In rural beauty and picturesque appearance the cemeteries of Philadelphia are, perhaps, un- rivalled by any similar places in the world. All of them have been instituted since 1824. The adornments of these grounds, and their monu- ments, many of which being specimens of high art, are evidences of the refined taste of our citi- zens. They are really places of interest and beauty, perfect flower gardens, where trees, shrubs and flowers of every hue and variety, throw a delicious shade around. In such places, when the birds are singing, and the trees and plants present their verdure, the grave loses its gloom, and death is robbed of half its terror. The Potters' Field, or City Burial Ground, is situated on Hart's Lane and Lamb Tavern Road. The unreclaimed dead under charge of the Coroner, the poor from the County Prison, Eastern Penitentiary, and Pennsylvania Hospi- tal, find here their last resting place. The poor from the Alms House, are intered in ground attached to that Institution. 148 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. HOTELS Continental Hotel, S. E. corner of Ninth and Chestnut streets. This building is one of the best adapted in the country for hotel pur- poses. The facade on Chestnut street, is of Pictou sandstone, that on Ninth street is of pressed brick, dressed with massive quoins, sill courses, and window heads of stone; the whole crowned with a rich and ornamental cornice. The erection and completion of this hotel is due to a few public spirited citizens. For the convenience of strangers, a Book and Periodical Depot is attached to the house, where choice seats to all places of amusement in the city can be had, together with Kailroad Tickets, &c. This cabinet of conveniences is in the main hall, adjoining the office. The Girard House, Chestnut street, oppo- site the Continental is also a fine building. The La Pierre House, Broad street, below Chestnut, occupies one of the best locations in the city. It presents every feature of a private mansion, with all the elegancies and enjoyments of the most popular hotels. HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 149 Merchants' Hotel, Fourth street, below Arch. This favorite resort of merchants, is one of the most popular Houses in the city. American Hotel, Chestnut, between Fifth and Sixth streets. Washington House, Chestnut street, above Seventh. Bingham House, Eleventh and Market streets. The Union, Arch street, above Third. The Bald Eagle, No. 416 North Third street. The Barley Sheaf, No. 257 North Second street. St. Lawrence Hotel, No. 1018 Chestnut street. Allegheny House, No. 814 Market street. Arch Street House, corner Delaware avenue and Arch street. Markoe House, Chestnut street, above Ninth. St. Charles' Hotel, Third street, below Arch. Mount Vernon Hotel, Second, above Arch street. Ridgeway House, No. 1 Market street. Western Hotel, No. 826 Market street. Walnut street House, corner of Walnut street and Delaware avenue. 150 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. THE CENTRAL POST OFFICE OwJuut Street. WM. STasl&iaaab m® QMISTTOT STRUT, fe©B©w PHILADELPHIA. ADJOINING NEW POST OFFICE. wim 9 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 151 NEWSPAPERS. The fiist newspaper published in Philadel- phia, was the " Weekly Mercury," an eight by twel vejinch single sheet, printed two columns on a side. The circulation of this paper extended through New York, New Jersey, Maryland, Virginia, and even to Boston. The first num- ber is dated December 22d, 1719, and is almost entirely filled with news from Europe. The first general advertisement is in the second issue. It states " that a mulatto boy, named Johnny, aged twenty -two years, and of a very white com- plexion" ran away from his master. Five pounds was the reward offered for Johnny. The first regular business notice states, " that very good seasoned pine boards, and cedar shingles are to be sold by Charles Bead, opposite Thomas Master's store, at the corner of Front and Market streets, where any person can have cocoa ground, or be supplied with right good choco- late cheap." In the issues of the first six months we find an occasional "extra" or double sheet; one of which contains an account of " An extraordinary revolution in the Province of South Carolina, in which the people over- threw the authority of the 'Proprietors' by 152 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. turning out their Governor and his Council, and electing one More as their chief, in the name of King George." We allude to this early pioneer of a power that has since exerted such an influ- ence on the destiny of this country, that our readers may compare it with the paper, supplied to them each day, teeming with news, not only from Europe but from all parts of the world. In their columns, the reader can also find every kind of business fully advertised. Indeed, at the present day, no practical man expects to succeed without availing himself of this wide- spread means of publicity. The following is a correct list of THE PRESS OF PHILADELPHIA IN 1870. NEWSPAPERS. DAILY. North American and United States Gazette, Ne. 132 S. 3d street. Public Ledger, S. "W. corner of 6th and Chest- nut streets. The Day, 1$. W. corner of 6th and Chestnut streets. HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 153 The Philadelphia Inquirer, No. 304 Chestnut street. The Daily Press, S. "W. corner of 7th and Chestnut streets. Daily Evening Bulletin, No. 607 Chestnut street. Daily Evening Telegraph, No. 108 S. 3d street. Philadelphia Free Press, (German,) 418 N. 4th street. Philadelphia Democrat, 614 Chestnut street. The Age, No. 14 S. 7th street. North A merican and United States Gazvfte, No. 132 S. 3d street. The Star, 34 S. 7th street. The Morning Post,M S. 7th street. WEEKLY. Sunday Dispatch, No. 152 S. 3d street. Sunday Mercury, No. 152 S. 3d street. Sunday Transcript, N. "W. eorner of 7th and Chestnut streets. Sunday Morning Times, No. 136 S. 3d street. Saturday Night, S. "W. corner of 8th and Locust streets. Germantown Telegraph, Main street, (jerman- town. Saturday Evening Post, No. 319 Walnut street. . Weekly North American, No. 132 S. 3d street. 15 154 HAND-BOOK IN" PHILADELPHIA. Weekly Press, S. W. corner of 7th and Chest- nut streets. Fitzgerald 1 s City Item, No. 112 S. 3d street. Republican Flag, No. 418 N. 4th street. Sunday Blatt, No. 418 N. 4th street. New World, No. 465 N. 3d street. United States Journal, No. 310 Chestnut street. United States Bail- Road and Mining Register, No. 423 Walnut street. Commercial Lists, No. 241 Dock street. Vereingte Staaten Zeitung, No. 465 N. 3d street. Fincher's Trades 1 Review, No. 441 Chestnut street. Legal Intelligencer, No. 607 Sansom street. Legal and Insurance Reporter, No. 703 Wal- nut street. National Merchant, No. 409 Chestnut street. Reformoite Kirchenzeitung, No. 54 N. 6th street. Friends' Review, No. 109 N. 10th street. Friends 1 Intelligencer, No. 131 N. 7th street. German Reformed Messenger, No. 52 N. 6th street. Long's Monthly Children's Letters, No. 1210 Chestnut street. American Presbyterian, No. 1334 Chestnut street. Banner of the Covenant, No. 1334 Chestnut street. Anti- Slavery Standard, No. 5 S. 5th street. Christian Recorder, No. 619 Pine street. HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 155 Catholic Herald, No. 310 Chestnut street. Episcopal Recorder, No. 237 Dock street. Lutheran and Missionary, No. 42 N. 9th street. National Baptist, No. 530 Arch street. Sunday School Times, No. 614 Arch street. Presbyterian Standard, No. 108 S. 4th street. 2 he Presbyterian, No. 1334 Chestnut street. The Friend, 116 N. 4th. Periodicals. Godey's Lady's Book, No. 537 Chestnut street. Peterson's Ladies National Magazine, No. 306 Chestnut street. Lady's Friend, No. 319 Walnut street. Arthur s Home Magazine, No. 323 Walnut street. Gardiner s Monthly, No. 23 N. 6th street. Home and Foreign Record, No. 821 Chestnut street. The Child's World, No. 1122 Chestnut street. Little Pilgrim, No. 319 Walnut street. Guardian, No. 52 N. 6th street. Young Reaper, No. 530 Arch street. Sabbath School Visitor, No. 821 Chestnut street. The Occident, No. 1227 Walnut street. Temperance Standard, Frankford. 156 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. Lammer Herte, Bridesburg. Kirchenhcund, S. W. corner 4th and Wood streets. Clark's School Visitor, No. 1308 Chestnut street. American Educational, No. 512 Arch street. American Exchange and Review, No. 521 Chestnut street. American Journal of Medical Sciences, No. 710 Sansom street. American Journal of Pharmacy, N. E. corner of 7th and Market streets. American Law Register, No. 131 S. 5th street. American Botschafter. No. 1210 Chestnut street Biblical Repertory, and Princeton Review, No. 82J. Chestnut street. Dental Cosmos, No. 528 Arch street. Eclectal Medical Journal, N. E. corner of 6th and Callowhill streets. Evangelical Repository, No. 1023 Eace street. Herald of Health, No. 25 S. 10th street. Imlay and BicknelVs Bank Note Reporter, No 45 S. 3d street. Peterson's Counterfeit Detector, No. 306 Chest nut street. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences N. W. corner of Broad and Sansom streets. Journal of the Franklin Institute, No. 15 S. 7th street. HAND-BOO C IN PHILADELPHIA. 157 Colonization Herald, No. 609 Chestnut street. Lutheran Sunday School Herald, No. 43 N. 9th, street. Medical News and Library, No. 710 Sansom street. Medical and Surgical Reporter, No. 115 S. 7th street. Phrenological Journal, No. 25 S. 10th street. Presbyterian Historical Almanac, No. 133 S. 18th street. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences^ N. W. corner of Broad and Sansom streets. Sabbath School Treasury, No. 54 N. 6th street. Sunday School World, No. 1122 Chestnut street. MASONIC HALL, Chestnut Street between Seventh and Eighth Stress, 158 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. RAILROADS. It was an important era in the history of civilization when steam was first applied to the purpose of travel. Without this agent, a large portion of our country, now teeming with its millions of inhabitants, would yet be a wilderness ; and the sites of cities now flourishing with busy popula- tions, engaged in trade and manufacture, would be still in the solitude of nature. The vast stores of wealth contained in the mountains and valleys of our own noble state, would have re- mained buried in her bosom, and the productive industry contingent upon these stores, making so many happy homes in Philadelphia, would have remained undeveloped. The history of the introduction of the railway system in Pennsylvania alone, would make an exceedingly interesting work of itself. We might relate how poor Evans struggled against the prejudices of his age, when he proposed the application of steam to land travel, and how such men as Stephen Girard, ridiculed the idea, denominating it " Utopian;" that none of all the monied interest of Philadelphia were found to give him the required aid of one thousand dollars HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 159 to prove the practicability of the plan. The opportunity passed, and other lands and people had the honor of adapting steam to the purposes of land travel. We might relate the discourage- ments of the projectors of the " Columbia Rail- road," the first constructed in the State, even after the plan had been adopted elsewhere, and its immense value fully demonstrated, but our limits will not permit. It is only within the last fifteen or twenty years, that the vast importance of the railway system became manifest to our citizens. Since then, it has received a cordial support, and a magnificent network of these roads, diverging from Philadelphia, intersect, not only our own State, but all parts of the country. In the following notices of railroads diverg- ing from Philadelphia, we omit Time-table, owing to the changes continually made in them. Pennsylvania Central Railroad — Direc- tor's Office, is the rich and elegant brown stone building, No. 234 to 238 South Third street, below Walnut. Passenger Depot— Thirty-first and Mar- ket streets. This road connects Philadelphia with the West, Northwest, South and South- western States. At Pittsburg it unites with lines leading to Cleveland, Detroit, Chicago, Millwauke, and intermediate cities and towns 160 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. in North- western Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois. From Chicago, the connection continues via the Alton and Chicago Kailroad to St. Louis, intersecting that vast network of railways run- ning through the rich and fertile States of Illi- nois and Indiana. At Pittsburg, it also forms a, union with the Columbus and Cincinnati Eailroad, which, with its various branch roads, leads through Central and Southern Ohio, In- diana and Illinois, as well as those running through Kentucky, Tennessee, and Southwest. In its route through Pennsylvania, it forms connections with the York and "Wrightsville Eailroad ; The Northern Central Railroad ; The Cumberland Valley Eailroad ; The Leba- non Valley Eailroad; The Schuylkill and Susquehanna Eailroad; The Huntingdon and Broad Top Eailroad; The Tyrone and Clear- field Eailroad ; The Hollidaysburg Branch Eail- way; The Ebensburg and Cresson Eailroad, and The Indiana Branch Eailway. The construction of this magnificent road will ever remain a monument to the enterprise of its founders, and the skill of its engineers. Distances and Stations from Philadelphia to Pittsburg. STATIONS. Mil ES. STATIONS. MILES. Philadelphia, Athensville, 9 Hestonville, 4 White Hall, 11 Liberty ville, 7 Villa Nova, 13 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 161 STATIONS. MILES. STATIONS. MILES. Morgan's Corner, 14 Manyunk, 184 Eagle, n Newton Hamilton, 189 Paoli, 21 Mount Union, 192 Steamboat, 26 Mapleton, 196 Oakland, 29 Mill Creek, 199 West Chester Intersection. Huntingdon, 204 Int. Chester Valley R. 33 Petersburg, 211 Downingtown, 34 Barre, 214 Gallagherville, 35 Spruce Creek, 217 Cain, 38 Birmingham, 221 Coatsville, (Midway) 40 Tyrone, 223 Chandlers, 43 Tipton's, 227 Parkesburg, 45 Fostoria, 230 Penningtonville, 48 Bell's Mill, 232 Christiana, 49 Altoona, 238 Gap, 52 Kittanning Point, 244 Kinzers, 55 G-allitzin, 250 Lemon Place, 58 Cresson, 253 Gordonsville, 59 Lilly's, 256 Bird in Hand, 62 Portage, 261 Lancaster, 69 Wilmore, 263 Dillerville, 71 Summer Hill, 266 Landisville, 78 Viaduct, 269 Mount Joy, 82 Conemaugh, 274 Elizabethtown, 88 Johnstown, 277 Middletown, 97 Conemaugh Furnace, • 285 Highspire, 101 Nineveh, 286 Harrisburg, 107 New Florence, 290 Rockville, 112 Lockport, 295 Cove, 117 Bolivar, 297 Duncannon, 121 Blairsville Inter., 301 Aqueduct, 124 Hillside, 306 Baileysburg, 130 Derry, 309 Newport, 134 St. Clair, 311 Millerstown, 140 Latrobe, 314 Thompsontown, 145 Beatty's, 317 Mexico, 151 George's 321 Perrysville, 153 Greensburg, 324 Mifflin, 156 Radebaugh'a 326 Lewistown, 168 Grapeville, 328 Andersons, 175 Manor, 331 McVeytown, 179 Irwin's, 333 162 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. STATIONS. MILES. STATIONS. MI1ES. Larimer's, 335 Swissvale, 347 Stewart's, 338 Wilkinsburg, 348 Turtle Creek, 342 Homewood, 34J Brinton's, 343 Liberty, 350 Braddock's, 345 Pittsburgh, 355 Philadelphia and Eeading Eailroad — General Office of this Company, No. 227 South Fourth Street. Passenger and Merchandise Station, cor- ner of Broad and Callowhill streets. — Coal Wharves, at Eichmond, on the Delaware river. This road runs through the Schuylkill Val- ley, a distance of 112 miles to Harrisburg, con- necting the great anthracite coal fields with tide water. Its branches and connections, both numerous and of immense value, are as fol- lows : At Norristown it connects with the Phi- ladelphia, Germantown and Norristown Eail- road, and Chester Valley Eailroad ; at Eeading, with the Lebanon Valley Eailroad, 54 miles to Harrisburg, connecting there with the Penn- sylvania Central Eailroad, the Northern Cen- tral Eailway and the Cumberland Valley Eail road; at Eeading it also connects with the East Pennsylvania Eailroad, which is finished, 86 miles to Allentown, (and soon to be com- pleted 16 miles further to Easton), where it connects with the Lehigh Valley Eailroad to Easton, and thence bv the Central Eailroad of HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 163 New Jersey, or Morris and Essex Railroad, through the thickly populated and beautiful hilly country of Northern New Jersey to New York. At Easton, connection is likewise made with the Belvidere Delaware Railroad, running through the valley of the Delaware River from Trenton to the Delaware Water Gap ; also, at Reading with the Reading and Columbia Railway through the rich farming region of Berks and Lancaster counties, past the celebrated Ephrata and Litiz watering places to Columbia and Lancaster. At Port Clinton the Little Schuyl- kill Railroad joins this road, a line of itself some 28 miles long, and running through the eastern end of the Schuylkill coal field, past Tamaqua to the junction of the Catawissa Rail- road, now leased by the Atlantic and Great Western Railroad, which expects in a few months to perfect its connections to the west, so as to make a continuous through route of the same guage as the Reading Road (4 feet 8\ inches) from Philadelphia to Chicago and Cincinanti, thus conforming to the general sys- tem of Western Railroads. At Auburn, the Schuylkill and Susquehanna Rail Road from Rockville, a point 5 miles above Harrisburg on the Susquehanna River, comes in, passing along a most lonely valley which borders the whole s juthern side of the coal field, 164 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. and by several feeders pours the products of the mines along their route into the main road. At Schuylkill Haven, a most wonderful dis- play of the u Black Diamonds" are to be seen. At this point the Mine Hill Kail Road termi- nates ; a road whose main stem is only about 30 miles long, and yet has some 130 miles of track, and carries about three millions of tons of coal in a year. From Schuylkill Haven to Pottsville, there are numerous feeders or lateral railroads, rami- fying North, East, and West, making a perfect network of iron. The total length of single track owned and controlled by the Reading Railroad, does not fall much short of 1000 miles. The number of locomotives is about 275, total number of coal cars, 13,500 ; of all other kinds, 2,900. Transportation last year, 3,100,000 tons of coal, and 1,100,000 tons of freight. Philadelphia and Reading Railroad. STATIONS. MILES. j STATIONS. MILES. Philadelphia, Conshocken, Norristown, 17 1 Leesport, Molirsville, Shoemakersville, 68^ 70 Port Kennedy, Valley Forge, Phcenixville, 23| 27* Hamburg, Pt. Clinton, Auburn, 75 78 83 Royer's Bridge, Limerick, Pottstown, 32 34 - 40 Orwigsburg, Schuylkill Haven, Mount Carbon, 86 85 92 Douglassville, 441 Pottsville, 93 Birdsboro', Reading, 49 58 i Harrisburg, 112 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 165 New York Lines. Camden and Amboy Kailroad, via South Amboy — Depot, Walnut street wharf. Passengers by this line take the ferry at the depot to Camden, thence by cars to South Amboy ; thence by steamboat to New York, landing at the foot of Barclay street. This route affords the traveller a view of New York Bay and Harbor, Staten Island, Brooklyn, Jersey City, and the National Forts, altogether forming a scene unsurpassed by any other in the world. STATIONS. MILES. STATIONS. MILES. Philadelphia, Newton, 34 Camden, Windsor, 37 Palmyra, 8 Highstown, 40 River ton, 9 Cranberry, 43 Delanco, 13 Prospect Plains, 45 Beverly, 15 Jamesburg, 48 Burlington, 19 Spottswood, 51 Florence, 23 South River, 54 Bordentown, 27 South Amboy, 61 Trenton, 33 New York, 90 Camden and Amboy Eailkoad fkom Phila- delphia to New York, via Camden and Jersey City. Passengers leave Walnut street wharf by Tarry to Camden, thenee by cars to Jersey City -j ad way stations. 16 166 HAND BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. STATIONS. MILES. STATIONS. MILES. Camden, Princeton, 37$ Palmyra, 8 Kingston, 44* Riverton, 9 New Brunswick, 53$ Delanco, 13 Metuchin, 63 Beverly, 15 Rah way, 68 Barlington, 18 Elizabeth, 73 Florence, 23 Newark, 78$ Bordentown, 27 Jersey City, 86 Trenton, 33 New York, 88 For New York by the Philadelphia and Trenton Eailroad, from Kensington Depot, Front and Harrison streets. Passengers will take the Second and Third street, or Fifth and Sixth Street cars. STATIONS. MILES. STATIONS. MILES. Philadelphia, Tacony, Cornwell's, "Bristol, 6 12$ 17 New Brunswick, Metuchin, Rahway, Elizabeth, 53$ 63 68 73 renton, 28 Newark, 7,« i rinceton, .ingston, 37$ 44£ Jersey City, New York, * i Earitan and Delaware Bay Kailro, or New York Passengers take the Fer; t Yine street wharf to Cooper's Ferry, Camde rom whence trains leave twice daily (Sunda; excepted) for New York and the folio win way stations. A fine view of New York Bay, Staten Island, Sandy Hook, Coney Island, Long Island, j&c, is had by this route from Port Monmouth. HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 167 STATIONS. MILES. STATIONS. MILES. Camden, 1 Shark River, 78 Jackson, 20 Junction, 64 Atsion, 29 ( Edontown, ( Shrewsbury, 85 Harris, 38 Shamong, 41 Oceanport, 86 Lebanon, 44 Red Bank, 87 Woodmansie, 46 Branch Port, 88 Whiting's Mills, 53 Long Branch, 89 Ridgeway, 59 Port Monmouth, 92 Bergen Iron Works, 67 Steamboat to Squankum, 73 New York, 113 Camden and Atlantic Kailroad.— Trains for Atlantic City and Way Stations, leave Yine street Ferry daily. STATIONS. Cooper's Point, Haddonfield, Ashland, White Horse, Long-a-coming, Jackson, Waterford, Spring Garden, MILES, f STATIONS. 1 j Winslow, 7f Hammonton, 11 | Da Costa, 12£ ! Elwood, 17j ! Egg Harbour, 20 I Patkouk, 23| j Absecom, 25| j Atlantic, MILES. 27f 30A 323 37j 41| 48 531 60£ "West Jersey Eailroad for Cape May and Way Stations.— Take Ferry at Market street Wharf to Camden. MILES 15i 18 21^ 24£ 26£ 28$ 29£ STATIONS. MILES. STATIONS. Philadelphia, Marlboro', Camden, Grlassboro', Gloucester, . 3 " Fislerville, Westville, H Franklin ville, Woodbury, H Cranes, Mantua, m Malaga, Barnsboro', m Lake, 168 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. STATIONS. Forest Grove, Vineland, Millville, Manumuskin, Belleplain, Woodbine, Mt. Pleasant, MILES. 33i 35 40 46f 53£ 56f 59} STATIONS. MILES. Seaville, 62£ Swain, 66f 69| C. May C. House, Millerton, 73£ Rio Grande, 75£ Bennetts, m Cape May, 8lJ Philadelphia, Wilmington, and Balti- more Eailroad — Depot, Broad street and Washington avenue. This is the great Southern route through Washington to the Southern States. The De- pot of the Company is the finest structure of the kind in the city. The Thirteenth and Fif- teenth Street, and the Union, Seventh and Ninth Street lines of Horse Cars connect with this depot STATIONS. MILES. STATIONS. MILKS. Philadelphia North East, 52 Bell Road, 6 Charlestown, 55 Lazaretto, 11 Principio, 58 Chester, 14 Perryville, 61 Thurlow, 16 Havre de Grace, 62 Linwood, 18 Aberdeen, 67 Claymont, 20 Perryman's, 71 Holly Oak, 22 Edgewood, 74 Bellevue, 23 Magnolia, 79 Wilmington, 28 Harewood, 81 Newport, 32 Chase's, 83 Stanton, 34 Stemmer's Run, 89 Newark, 40 i Baltimore, 98 Elkton, 46 1 * HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 169 Philadelphia; Germantown and Norris- town Eail Koad Depot, 9th and Green streets. GERMANTOWN branch. STATIONS. Tioga, Wayne, Fisher's Duy's, Shoemaker, Church, Germantown, High Street, MILES. STATIONS. Washington, Mount Pleasant, Mount Airy, Mermaid, Hospital, Graver's, Chestnut Hill, MILES. NORRISTOWN BRANCH. STATIONS. MILES. STATIONS. Mil BS. Falls, Lafayette, School Lane, Spring Mill, 8 Wissahickon, Conshohocken, 12 Manayunk, Potts, Green Tree, Mogees, Soap Stone, Norristown, 17 West Chester and Philadelphia Eail Koad, via Media — Office and Depot, 31st and Market streets, south side. STATIONS. Philadelphia, Gray's Lane, Church Lane, Darby Road, Kelleyville, Clifton, Spring Hill, Newton's, West Dale, Wallingford, MILES. 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 11 12* STATIONS. MILES. Media, 14 Glen Riddle, l£j Lenm, 17 Pennelton, 18 Darlington, 19 Glen Mills, 20 Cheyney's Shops, 22 Street Road, 24 Hemphill's, 26 West Chester, 28 170 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. Connests at Pennelton, with the Philadelphia and Balti- more Central Railroad. Connects at West Chester, with West Chester Railroad, which connects near Paoli with Pennsylvania Central. Pennsylvania and Erie Rail Road — tra- verses the northern counties of Pennsylvania. It is now leased by the Pennsylvania Central Railroad. Passengers take cars at the Depot, 31st and Market streets. STATIONS. Harrisbnrg, Sunbnry, Northumberland, Lewisburg, Catawissa Junctiou Milton, Watsontown, Dewart, Montgomery, Muncy, Montoursville, Williamsport, Elmira Junction, Newbury, Susquehanna, Jersey Shore, Wayne, Lock Haven, Farrandsville, Wetham, North Point, Renovo, Keating, Sinnemahoning, Driftwood, Sterling, Cameron, EmDorium, MILES. I STATIONS. MILES. 107 1 Hemlock, 317 163 165 ! 172 175; St. Mary's, Ridgway, Jolinsonburg, Wilcox, 323 332 341 247 176, Kane, 356 180 : Wetmore, 361 183 Sheffield, 371 187 Pattonia, 378 191 Ottis, 383 198 Warren, 385 203 Irvine, 390 204 205 Youngsville, Pittsfield, 393 396 209 Garland, 400 215 Spring Creek, 406 223 Columbus, « 411 228 233 Corry, Lovell's, 413 417 243 Concord, 419 252 Union, 424 255 267 LeBoeuf, Waterford, 428 432 280 Jackson's, 438 283 Langdon's, 442 292 296 Belle Valley, Erie, 444 451 301 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 171 North Pennsylvania Eail Eoad. — Office, No. 407 Walnut street. Depot, Berks and America streets. STATIONS. MILES. STATIONS. MILES Philadelphia, Gwynedd, 18 Tioga street, H North Wales, 20 Fisher's Lane 4 Landsdale, 22 Green Lane, 5 Line Lexington, 24£ Oak Lane, 6 Hatfield, 25 City Line, H White Hall, 27 < Old York Road, H Souders, 27i Chelton Hills, H New Britain, 29 Jenkintown, H. Sellersville, 31i Abington, 9 1 Doylestown, 32 Edge Hill, Quakertown, 38 Sandy Run, i% Coopersburg, ±H Fort Washington, 13^ Centre Valley, 46 Wissahickau, 15 Hellerton, 50 Pennllyn, 16* Bethlehem, 54 street CUSTOM HOUSE. 172 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. CITY PASSENGER RAIL ROADS. The passenger railway system of Philadel. phia is perfect. It traverses almost every con- siderable street of the city, and in many cases extends for miles beyond, in the country and suburban towns. The cars are neat, clean, and commodious, and their conductors gentlemanly and attentive. Only one improvement more is wanting to render the system all that can be desired, and that is the substitution of steam for horse power- Second and Thikd Steeet Eailway — Euns from Bridesburg, down Second street to the Navy Yard, and back, up Third street. Geeen and Coates Steeet Eailway — From Fairmount, via 22d and Green streets to Fourth, down Fourth to Walnut, up Walnut to Eighth, up Eighth to Coates, out Coates (passing the Eastern Penitentiary,) to Fairmount. Also down Fourth to Dickerson street, out Dickerson to Eighth, up Eighth to Coates, &c. These cars are painted Green, Geemantown Passengee Eailway, runs from Mount Airy, down Germantown Road to Fourth street, down Fourth to Walnut, oui Walnut to Eighth street, up Eighth to German, town Eoad ; also down Fourth to Dickerson HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 173 street, out Dickerson street to Eighth, up Eighth to Germantown Koad, out Germantown Road to Mount Airy. The cars of this Company are painted yellow. Frankford and Southwark, or Fifth and Sixth Street Eailway. — These cars run from Frankford, down Sixth to Morris street in the First Ward, thence down Morris to Fifth street, and return up Fifth to Frankford. Union — Richmond Branch, Brown Gars— Broad and Prime to Christian, thence down to Ninth street up to Spring Garden, down to Seventh, up to Oxford, down to Fourth, up to Susque- hanna avenue ; along Susquehanna and Emerald to York street, down York to Thompson street and the Depot of the Company. Eeturning, along Thompson to Marlborough, Belgrade and Frank- ford Eoad to Master street, up Master to Frank- lin, down Franklin and Seventh to Passyunk Boad along to Ellsworth, out Ellsworth to Broad and the Baltimore Depot. Fairmount Branch, Yellow Cars — From Navy Yard by Front street and Wharton street to Ninth, up Ninth to Spring Garden, thence- to Twenty-third, out Twenty-third to Brown street, out to Park. Back on Brown to Twenty -Third along to Wallace, down Wallace to Franklin to Seventh, down Seventh to Federal, and down Federal to Navy Yard gate. 174: hand-book in philadelphia. Tenth and Eleventh Street, or Citizen's Passenger Railway. — The cars of this road run from Columbia avenue, down Tenth street to Moyamensing Prison, returning up Eleventh street to Columbia avenue. Thirteenth and Fifteenth Street Rail- way— Run from Columbia avenue, down Thir- teenth street to the Philadelphia, Wilmington, and Baltimore Railroad Depot, returning up Fifteenth street to the place of starting. Seventeenth and Nineteenth Street Railway — from Master street down Seventeenth to Washington avenue, returning up Nineteenth street, passing Girard College, to the • place of starting. Richmond and Schuylkill, or Girard Avenue Railway — Double Track. — These cars run from Richmond, in the Nineteenth Ward, and by Girard avenue to (passing Girard Col- lege) Girard Avenue Bridge, over which it passes into West Philadelphia. Ridge Avenue — Double Track — from Sec- ond street out Arch to Ninth street, up Ninth to Ridge avenue, thence out Ridge avenue to Girard College. Manayunk — Ridge avenue — runs from con- nection with Ridge Avenue Railway, out Ridge Road, passing the Glen wood, Mount Yernon, and Laurel Hill Cemeteries ; the Falls of Schuylkill, and the Wissahickon to Manayunk. hand book in philadelphia. 175 Fairmount and Exchange, or Eace and Vine Street Railway — Runs from Exchange up Third to Vine street, up Vine to Fair mount, returning down Race street, to place of be- ginning. Hestonville, Mantua, and Fairmount Railway — Double Track — Runs from Front out Callowhill street to Wire Bridge at Fair- mount, also from Wire Bridge, through West Philadelphia, to Hestonville. West Philadelphia Market Street Rail- WAY — Double Track — Runs from Front street, out Market to west end of Twenty-fourth Ward. This is the nearest route to the Pennsylvania Hospital for the Insane (Kirkbride's) and also to the Burd Orphan Asylum. Darby Passenger Railway — Runs from Market street, West Philadelphia, by Darby Road to Darby. These cars pass the Alms House and the Woodlands Cemetery. Philadelphia City Passenger Railway, Chestnut and Walnut Streets. — The cars of this line run from Front street, up Walnut to Twenty -second street, and hack by Chestnut street. Philadelphia and Gray's Ferry, Spruce and Pine Streets. — Runs from Exchange down Dock to Second street, down Second to Pine, up Pine and back by Spruce street. The Naval 176 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. Asylum, United States Arsenal, and Gray's Ferry Bridge, can be reached by these cars. Philadelphia and Olney Eailway — Euns from Lehigh avenue to the village of Olney in the Twenty-Second Ward, commences at Sixth and Diamond streets. North Philadelphia Eailway — Euns from the terminus of Tenth and Eleventh Street Eoad, Columbia avenue, to Grermantown via Broad street, Tioga street, and Plank Eoad. Delaware County, Blockley and Me- rion — Euns from connection with West Phila- delphia Eailway, to the Spread Eagle Hotel, in the Twenty -fourth Ward. Lombard and South Street Eailway — Euns out South street, from Front to Chip- pewa street, up Chippewa to Lombard, down Lombard to Front. HAVY YARD. Cars of Union Lino run to thegato. HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 177 FERRIES. West Jersey Ferry, from lower side of Market street to Market street, Camden. Camden and Philadelphia Ferry, from the upper side of Market street to Federal street, Camden. Camden Ferry, from the upper side of South street to Kaign's Point, Camden. Cooper's Point Ferry, from Vine street to Cooper's Point, Camden. Gloucester Ferry, from South street to Glouces- ter, New Jersey. Ped Bank Ferry, from South street to Red Bank, New Jersey. Steamboats Plying on the Delaware. Ariel, leaves Chestnut street wharf for Ches- ter, Marcus Hook, and Wilmington. Major Reybold, leaves Arch street wharf for Chester, Penn's Grove, New Castle, Delaware City, and Salem. Edwin Forrest, leaves Arch street wharf for Beverly, Burlington, Bristol, Florence, Field3- brough and Trenton. It 178 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. John A. Warner, leaves Arch street wharf for Eiverton, Torresdale, Andalusia, Beverly, Burlington, and Bristol. Barclay, leaves first wharf below Arch street, for Progress, Delanco, Delta Grove, Bridge- brough, Irish Wharf, Bailey's Landing, and Center ton. Trenton, Walnut street Wharf for Tacony, Torresdale, Beverly, College Wharf, and Bur- lington. Rancocas, first wharf below Arch street, foy Bridgeport. DBAP AND DUMB ASYLUM, N. W. cor. Broad and Pine Streets. HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. 179 RATES OF FARE, ETC., OF HACKNEY COACHES. Any distance not exceeding one mile, fifty cents, and for every additional passenger twenty-five cents. Any distance more than a mile, and not ex- ceeding two miles, seventy-five cents, and for every additional passenger twenty-five cents. Any distance over two miles, for every such additional mile, or part of a mile, the sum of twenty-five cents in addition to the sum of seventy-five cents for the first two miles, and for every additional passenger twenty-five cents. For the use of a hackney carriage by the hour, with one or two passengers, with the privilege of going from place to place, and stopping as often as may be required, one dollar per hour. In all cases, where the hiring of a hackney carriage is not at the time specified to be by the hour, it shall be deemed to be by the mile ; but in case the distance shall be more than four miles, the rate to be charged for each additional mile shall be twelve and a half cents for each passenger. For children between two and fourteen years of age, half price is only to be charged ; and for 180 HAND-BOOK IN PHILADELPHIA. children under two years of age, no charge is to be made. Every driver or owner of a hackney carriage shall carry, transport, and convey in, and upon his carriage, in addition to the persons therein, one trunk, valise, saddle-bag, carpet-bag, port- manteau or box, if requested so to do, for each passenger, without charge or compensation therefor; but for every trunk or other such articles above named, more than one for each passenger, he shall be entitled to demand and receive the sum of six cents. Chestnut street, south to Prime, about 1 mile. Chestnut " north to Brown, u 1 mile. Delaware river to Twelfth street, " 1 mile. Delaware river to Schuylkill river " 2 miles. Camden and Amboy Depot, Walnut street wharf, to Trenton Depot, about 2 miles. Camden and Amboy Depot, Walnut street wharf, to Baltimore Depot, Broad and Prime streets, 2 miles. In case of disputes about fares go the Mayor's Office. HAND-BOOK IN PHtl^ADELPHIA. 181 TELEGRAPH COMPANIES. American, No. 105 South Third street. United States, Third and Chestnut streets. Western Union, No. 105 South Third street. Peoples, No. Ill Chestnut street. Philadelphia, Beading, and Pottsville, No. 225 South Fourth street. Philadelphia and Wilkesbarre, No. 105 South Third street. Susquehanna River, and North and West Branch, No. 225 South Fo^th «treof S!£unnnni«iiiiiuiniiiiRiMB • ^ * <$* °^ * • - ° a V .< •F .< V" ^. *o * * \^ pfa% *. 3 :^-v / gg^^ v S E r i ' ' WSffjh N. MANCHESTER, ^# INDIANA 46962 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 014 313 501 9