\XjijuCi>tviJ'.3L>L 0^.>r,ju i.-f5^-<.-^-v^^^o^^'!!^"<'"\,^^ \JL.t,x, Q 1 Bulletin R DEPARTMENT OF RECREATION RUSSELL SAGE FOUNDATION INFORMATION ABOUT ITS FIELD, PUBLICATIONS AND METHODS OF CO-OPERATION RS .p. Published by the Department of Recreation of the Russell Sage Foundation 400 Metropolitan Tower, New York City February, 19 13 2-13-SO M onogra; i On V3 ..j^-x LC Control Number tmp96 026375 I TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE The Russell Sage Foundation 2 The Department of Recreation 3 History and Field 3 Staff 4 Principles of Action 4 Lines of Activity 4 Publications 5 List of Publications 6 How Lantern Slides are Loaned 10 List of Lantern Slides by Subjects 11 Russell Sage Foundation Publications 28 Russell Sage Foundation The Russell Sage Foundation was incorporated under the laws of the State of New York in April, 1907. The endowment is $10,000,000 given by Mrs. Russell Sage. The purpose of the Foundation, as stated in its charter, is ** the improvement of social and living conditions in the United States of America." TRUSTEES Mrs. Russell Sage, President Mrs. Helen Gould Shepard Robert W. deForest, Vice- Robert C. Ogden President Mrs. William B. Rice Cleveland H. Dodge, Treas- Miss Louisa Lee Schuyler urer Alfred T. White GENERAL DIRECTOR John M. Glenn 105 East 22nd Street, New York City 1*1^ The Department of Recreation History and Field The Department of Recreation grew out of an undertaking entered into by the Russell Sage Foundation in 1907, under the name of the Playground Extension Committee, to further the establishment of children's playgrounds and to give temporary aid to a national association then being organized to carry for- ward the playground work. In 1909 the Playground Extension Committee and the Back- ward Children Investigation, also entered into by the Russell Sage Foundation in 1907, were combined to form the Depart- ment of Child Hygiene. This Department had to do with matters pertaining to health, education, and recreation. As the work progressed, the activities relating to recreation were delegated to a branch of the Department called the Division of Recreation, and those pertaining to education were adminis- tered by another branch called the Division of Education. The national association. The Playground Association of America, which was temporarily assisted in 1907, soon developed into a strong, efficient organization for the promotion and im- provement of children's playgrounds. As rapidly as it has been able to secure the necessary funds it has extended its activities to other forms of recreation than children's playgrounds; whole- some recreation for the entire family being the ultimate end to be attained. The Division of Recreation therefore devoted its energies to research, publication, and special recreational problems not covered by the Playground Association of America. It has also co-operated with the Association in holding recreation institutes, preparing material for publication, finding competent workers for recreation positions, and in other ways, but not by the contribution of funds. In 1 91 3 the Division of Recreation became a separate depart- ment of the Russell Sage Foundation. 3 Staff The staff of the Department of Recreation includes : Lee F. Hanmer, director. Clarence A. Perry, assistant in charge of the wider use of the school plant. Clara L. Van Slyck, assistant in charge of recreation for girls and women, and rural recreation. August H. Brunner, secretary. Marguerite P. Williams, secretary. Anna E. Werring, file clerk. Howard R. Knight, office secretary. Principles of Action The principles that have guided the Department in its various activities are : 1 . Research. To provide a sound basis for action it is necessary to make a thorough, impartial search into the conditions under- lying each proposed activity, and to obtain a clear understanding of their mutual relations to other social tasks. 2. Securing community action. This involves bringing the facts to the attention of those who are responsible for action, stimulating the adoption of various forms of social betterment especially related to recreation, and suggesting methods of pro- cedure. Lines of Activity Athletics for Boys and Young Men. Types of athletics suitable for schools, clubs and play- grounds. Special devices which make possible participation by all. Studies of methods of classification. Inter-institutional athletics. Holiday Celebrations. The "sane Fourth" campaign. Legislation affecting the manufacture, sale, and use of fireworks. Suitable programs — pageantry. How to organize a celebration. May Day celebrations. Labor Day and other holidays. Wider Use of the School Plant. The campaign for "wider use." Studies of methods employed in social centers, evening schools, vacation schools and playgrounds, community meetings, public lectures, etc. Building plans providing for wider use activities. Wider use legislation. Standardization of work. ( Recreation for Girls and Women. \^ Study of physical standards for girls. Individual tests and team play. Suitable games and activities. Rural Recreation and Social Life. Information about plans that have been tried with success. Aid in the preparation and adoption of courses of training for leaders. Plans for wider use of existing facilities. Recreation Legislation. Collection and publication of types of legislation (state laws and city ordinances) affecting recreation. Special study of curfew laws. Suggestions for new legislation. Recreation Bibliography. Collection and publication of information about books, pamphlets, and articles on recreation. Publisher and price given in each instance. Motion Pictures. Information about how to secure the use of motion picture films. Motion picture legislation. Co-operation with the National Board of Censorship of Motion Pictures. Counsel on Recreation Problems. By means of correspondence, conferences, personal visits and addresses. Publications The studies and compilations made by or for the Department of Recreation have been published in pamphlet form, A nominal price is put on each pamphlet to help cover the cost of printing and mailing only. (Postage stamps accepted.) The object is to place our publications within the reach of everyone to whom they might be of service, and to make such funds as we have for this purpose go as far as possible. Where any single pamphlet is ordered in lots of loo or more, a discount of 25% is made. Receipted bills are not sent unless requested. List of Publications The pamphlets which are starred (*) have been published since the previous bulletin was issued. General Recreation R76. Exercise and Rest. Luther H. Gulick, M.D. The necessity for making one's exercise enjoyable and for varying it with proper rest. 7 pp. 5 cents. R84. The Exploitation of Pleasure. (A Study of Com- mercialized Recreation.) Michael M. Davis, Jr. A statistical study of various commercial recreations in New York City. 61 pp. 10 cents. R87. Recreation the Basis of Association Between Parents and Teachers. Clarence A. Perry. The value of using the school building as a recreation center after school hours, and suggestions for bringing parents and teachers together. 13 pp. 5 cents. R 104. The Unused Recreational Resources of the Average Community. Clarence A. Perry. Suggests many ways in which communities may have organized recreation at small cost. 14 pp. 5 cents. R 106. Recreation Legislation. Compiled by Lee F. Hanmer. This pamphlet contains typical State laws and city ordinances dealing with matters of public recreation. All of this material has been verified by proper authorities. 68 pp. 20 cents. R117. How Motion Picture Films May be Obtained. (Post Card Bulletin.) Intended to be of use to social workers and others in- terested in using motion pictures for educational pur- poses. 3 pp. 2 cents. *R 121. Recreation Bibliography. Clara L. Van Slyck. Pamphlet containing a list of the more formal publica- tions, with annotations, and an extensive list of magazine articles dealing with the subject of recreation. 10 cents. Folk Dancing R118. Folk Dancing. Luther H. Gulick, M.D. Part I shows the development of Folk and National Dances and history and symbolic meaning of some of them. Part II discusses the educational value of Folk Dancing as shown by its use in the public schools of New York City. 26 pp. Illustrated. 5 cents. Athletics R36. Athletics for Boys (Committee Report). A paper giving an annotated list of games for boys of different ages, with the discussion following the report. Bibliography. 25 pp. 5 cents. R 50. Inter-high School Athletics. Earl Cline. A study of the influence of high school athletics upon the scholarship, moral character and social standards of pupils. 10 pp. 5 cents. R 58. The Function of College Athletics. Chancellor James R. Day. A study of college athletics in relation to scholarship and the development of moral ideals. 10 pp. 5 cents. R72. Athletics in the Public Schools. Lee F. Hanmer. A review of the development of athletics in the ele- mentary and secondary schools and a description of the organization of the public schools athletic leagues in various cities. Bibliography. 36 pp. 5 cents. R95. Class Athletics (Post Card Bulletin). A detailed description of a form of competition in which a record is made by a whole class instead of by an indi- vidual. 3 pp. 2 cents. R 109. Athletic Badge Test for Boys (Post Card Bulletin). A detailed description of a form of athletics in which an opportunity is given to every boy to win by bringing himself up to a prescribed physical standard. 3 pp. 2 cents. *R 127. Athletic Badge Test for Girls. A description of events by the practice of which every girl may reach a standard prescribed by the Playground and Recreation Association of America. 5 cents. 8 Festivals and Celebrations R 31. A Safer, Saner Fourth of July. Plan approved by the Municipal Conference of the Playground Congress for celebrating Independence Day. 29 pp. Illustrated. 5 cents. R60. A Safe and Patriotic Fourth. Mrs. Isaac L. Rice. A series of letters from Governors of States and Mayors of cities advocating the movement for a safer celebration of the Fourth of July. 20 pp. 5 cents. R 70. Independence Day Celebrations. Gulick, Orr, Gardner and Hanmer. Five papers giving practical suggestions for celebrating Independence Day safely and sanely. 32 pp. 5 cents. R 97. A Safe and Patriotic Fourth of July. Practical detailed suggestions for celebrations of Inde- pendence Day. Prepared by a committee of the New Jersey State Federation of Women's Clubs. 24 pp. scents. R53. May Day Celebrations. Miss Elizabeth Burchenal. The historical origin of "May Day" and suggestions for organizing May festivals. Bibliography and list of appro- priate songs. 14 pp. 5 cents. R 105. How THE Fourth was Celebrated in 1911. Lee F. Hanmer. For the use of the committees preparing programs for the next Fourth of July celebration, the best features of all the celebrations of 1911 have been put together for publi- cation. Typical ordinances and state laws are also included. 54 pp. Illustrated. 10 cents. R114. Celebrating the Fourth of July by Means of Pageantry. William Chauncy Langdon. This pamphlet includes a consideration of the prac- ticability of the pageant or community-drama for the cele- bration of the Fourth of July, and two outlines, one of a celebration, the other of a general pageant which can be adapted to suit special conditions, with practical sugges- tions for their use. It also includes an article on Music for Independence Day Celebrations by Arthur Farwell, who for the past two years has been Supervisor of Munici- pal Concerts of New York City. 48 pp. 15 cents. *R 129. Independence Day Legislation and Celebration Suggestions. Lee F. Hanmer. The suggestions given in this pamphlet have been gathered from a study of state laws and city ordinances governing the manufacture, sale and use of fireworks, and from programs prepared by local committees. 36 pp. 10 cents. Wider Use of the School Plant R 56. Vacation Schools. Clarence A. Perry. The summer use of the schoolhouse for teaching manual and domestic training. Bibliography. 32 pp. Illustrated. 5 cents. R75. School Gardens. Mrs. A. L. Livermore. The history, educational value, and practical operation of school gardens. Gives expense of equipment and brief bibliography. 31 pp. Illustrated. 5 cents. R 83. The Community-Used School. Clarence A. Perry. Use of the schoolhouse to promote public health, civic efficiency, and social solidarity in the community. 9 pp. 5 cents. R85. Evening Recreation Centers. Clarence A. Perry. A description of various recreation centers in this country and a brief survey of the movement in England. Bibliography. 32 pp. 5 cents. R119. Sources of Speakers and Topics for Public Lec- tures in School Buildings. Clarence A. Perry. A directory of organizations which use the lecture plat- form to promote social amelioration. Also a list of topics suitable for discussion in public meetings and suggestions of local sources of speakers. 36 pp. 5 cents. R 120. Social Center Features in New Elementary School Architecture. Clarence A. Perry. An illustrated pamphlet showing the plans of the more advanced types of school buildings now being erected in the United States, with a description of those special features which will enable them to render extra-ordinary services to their communities. 48 pp. 25 cents. 10 *R 123. A Survey of School Social Centers. — Season of 1911-12. Contains statistics of the centers in existence last winter, a tentative definition of a social center, a list of cities having public library work in the schools, notes on recent civic happenings in school buildings and excerpts from several new state laws concerning social centers and the use of the schoolhouse as a public meeting place. 20 pp. 5 cents. *R 125. How TO Start Social Centers. Clarence A. Perry. A pamphlet treating in detailed manner the problem of arousing community sentiment, removing legal ob- stacles, and organizing a social center. The different stages of development are fully discussed. 28 pp. 5 cents. How Lantern Slides are Loaned The Department of Recreation is glad to assist local undertak- ings by loaning lantern slides for use at meetings or exhibitions. The slides mentioned in the list have been made in duplicate for this purpose. Each slide contains a brief description to aid the person using them. There is no expense except that ofexpressage, but the date of the meeting must be given when application is made, and the slides should be returned immediately after they have been used. This arrangement is necessary in order that we may keep faith with those to whom slides have been promised. In order to facilitate the use of slides for local meetings, we have arranged special sets for use with prepared lectures which are sent with the slides on request. These lectures cover the sub- jects of Wider Use of the School Plant, School Athletics, and Holi- day Celebrations. A charge of $3.00 is made for the use of these "traveling lectures" with slides, in addition to express charges. In order to have our slides perform a greater service we shall be glad to duplicate any of them at cost for any organization or individual desiring them for their own permanent use. Our manufacturer quotes us these prices: 20 cents for a slide made from a negative, 40 cents for a slide made from a photograph or another slide. The star (*) opposite a slide number indicates that we have the negative of that slide. The only additional cost will be that of transportation. Our shipping cases hold fifty slides. Experience has demon- II strated that fifty slides are ample for a single lecture and that in many cases better results may be obtained from using even fewer. When sending for slides, please indicate the letter and the num- ber of each slide desired, e. g. B. 2, 3, 27, 33. C. 48, 90, 92, 93, 94, no. H. I, 3, 5, 7, 8, 24, 36. The subjects on which we have slides are: Schoolyard Playgrounds 15 slides Park and Municipal Playgrounds 35 slides Roof Playgrounds 2 slides Camps and Outings 5 slides Rural Playgrounds 3 slides Field Houses 4 slides Baths and Wading Pools 19 slides Athletics, Fields, Courts and Courses 24 slides Festivals and Celebrations 60 slides Recreation Centers 20 slides Social Centers 40 slides Vacation Schools 5 slides Gardens 23 slides Evening Schools 8 slides Public Lectures . 5 slides Schoolhouse Meetings 2 slides Construction Plans 51 slides Recess Activities 11 slides Miscellaneous 24 slides List of Lantern Slides by Subjects B. Schoolyard Playgrounds No. *2. Newark, N. J. Vacation playground showing kitchen gardening. The girls are sweeping. *3. Newark, N. J. Vacation playground showing kitchen gardening. The girls are washing. *8. Buffalo, N. Y. School playground. Girls are play- ing a ring game. *i6. Philadelphia, Pa. Schoolyard playground. The giant stride is being used. Boys are playing games in all parts of the yard. 26. Buffalo, N. Y. School playground showing eight ring games in progress. 27. Greeley, Col. Normal school playground. Steel apparatus in the foreground. 30. Haarlem, Holland. Public school building with playground. *32. Buffalo, N. Y. Schoolyard playground showing five girls tossing a basketball. 12 *33- Lexington, Ky. Playground at the West End School. Apparatus consists of basketball court, swinging rings, etc., set up by local carpenters. *34. Lexington, Ky. Old West End School and pupils. The children were asked to pose for this picture. *35. Buffalo, N. Y. Opening of the playground at No. 7 School. *36. Gary, Ind. Sand pile and playground at Jefferson School. A regular period of the school. *37. Gary, Ind. Making toys for the playground at the Emerson School. *38. Washington, D. C. Basketball relay on a public playground. *39. Washington, D. C. Volleyball on a public play- ground. C. Park and Municipal Playgrounds No. I. Rochester, N. Y. An attractive corner in one of the playgrounds, with plenty of natural shade. *6. Los Angeles, Cal. One of the outdoor gymnasiums and playgrounds. Swings, giant stride and see- saws are all in use. A number of boys are wait- ing for their turn to use the apparatus. *42. Berlin, Germany. Sand piles for children and seats for mothers along the park walk. *43. Berlin, Germany. Public playground for small chil- dren in a crowded section. *44. Liverpool, England. Children's corner in a public park. *45. Haarlem, Holland. Children's playground and pub- lic bath. *47. Birmingham, England. Children's playground in a public park. *48. Cleveland, O. Corner in the children's playground showing a wading pool, playground slide and sand pile under cover. *54. Los Angeles, Cal. A newcomer on the children's playground. This barefooted, chubby little youngster seems to be a little shy. *73. Frankfort, Germany. Broad walk with children's sand pile in a public park. *74. Berlin, Germany. Park playing field. The grass is protected by allowing public use only three days a week. *78. Berlin, Germany. Open playing field in a public park. *79. Glasgow, Scotland. Public playground in a tene- ment house section. *8o. Glasgow, Scotland. Public playground in a tene- ment house section. 13 *90. New York. N. Y. Crowds skating on the lake in Central Park. *9i. Rochester, N. Y. Winter sport in the park. The boys are coasting on a broad wooden incline covered with snow. 92. Rochester, N. Y. A close view of the incline show- ing details of construction. 93. Rochester, N. Y. Winter sport in the park. Sleigh- ing. *94. Rochester, N. Y. Boys borrowing sleds for coast- ing. The city furnishes these to the boys for use in the playgrounds. 95. Rochester, N. Y. Winter sports in the park. A happy skating party of little girls. *96. Philadelphia, Pa. Ready to begin a game of push ball at the Children's Playfield in Fairmount Park. Boys on one side and girls on the other, eagerly waiting for the signal to start the ball over the opponents' line. *97. East Orange, N. J. Crowds at the opening of the new playground. *98. Philadelphia, Pa. Posing with the big push ball before the game. The ball is about five feet in diameter and stands higher than any of the contestants. *99. East Orange, N. J. General view of the new play- ground showing the arrangement on the grounds. *iio. Orange, N. J. Sand box at the public playground. The children seem to be having lots of fun. *iii. Orange, N. J. Basketball game on the playground. One of the boys has just shot a goal. *ii2. Orange, N. J. A crowd of playground children listening attentively to the teacher telling a story. *ii3. Philadelphia, Pa. Bird's-eye view of a city square showing playground development. *II4. Philadelphia, Pa. Bird's-eye view of a city square showing playground development. *ii9. Lowell, Mass. Part of the undeveloped tract of Shedd Playground. A good place to have a picnic. *I20. Lowell, Mass. One of the level parts of Shedd Play- ground flooded for skating. *I2I. Washington, D. C. An abandoned cemetery being used as a dumping ground. *I22. Washington, D. C. The abandoned cemetery has been converted into an attractive playground. *I25. Worcester, Mass. Greenwood Playground. Strad- dle ball relay race. 14 *I26. Worcester, Mass. Greenwood Playground. Circle straddle ball. D. Roof Playgrounds No. *I5. New York, N. Y. Playground of the East Side Crippled Children Free School Association on the roof of the school building. A racing game on crutches. i6. New York, N. Y. Roof playground on School No. 177. The After School Girls' Athletic Club in a shuttle relay. E. Camps and Outings No. *i. Buffalo, N. Y. Summer camp under the direction of the local playground association. The girls are cooking and eating in their camp costume. *7. Detroit, Mich. Free Press Fresh Air Camp. Leader and boys are going to the lake for a swim. *8. Detroit, Mich. Free Press Fresh Air Camp. Girls playing a game. *ii. Detroit, Mich. Free Press Fresh Air Camp. Leader teaching the boys the resuscitation drill. *I2. Detroit, Mich. Free Press Fresh Air Camp. Boys splashing each other while in swimming. F. Rural Playgrounds No. *8. Sag Harbor, N. Y. The director's house on the playgrounds. A giant stride is shown in the foreground. *9. Sag Harbor, N. Y. A game of croquet on the play- grounds. *io. Sag Harbor, N. Y. Gate at the entrance to the play- grounds. G. Field Houses No. *i. Chicago, 111. Front and rear view of one of the large field houses under the South Park system of playgrounds. 3. Chicago, III. Basketball race in the girls' gym- nasium of one of the field houses. The little girls are waiting for the signal to start. *6. Chicago, III. Auditorium in one of the field houses. This large, well-lighted hall is used for meetings, social gatherings, etc. 12. Dayton, O. Outside view of the field house at the Municipal Playground. H. Baths and Wading Pools No. I. New York, N. Y. Bath at the High School of Com- 15 merce. This is used by the men and young men of the neighborhood in the evening. *3. Essex County, N. J. A large wading pool being used by the children. 5. New York, N. Y. Interior view of a floating bath. It is so arranged that youngsters and non- swimmers use the part where the water is about three feet deep, while others use the deeper part. 7. Dayton, O. Outdoor swimming pool at the Mu- nicipal Playground. 8, Dayton, O. Close view of the outdoor swimming pool at the Municipal Playground. The dressing rooms are in the adjoining field house. *io. Lynn, Mass. Children's wading pool in one of the attractive parts of a public park. 14. Chicago, 111. Large wading pool in McKinley Park. *24. Chicago, 111. "Girls' Day" at the swimming pool. The crowds show how popular the baths are. *34. Erie, Pa. Swimming pool at the pumping station. Similar baths might be constructed on the shore of most lakes and rivers. *35. Detroit, Mich. Crowds at the wading pool in Perrin Park. 36. New York, N. Y. "Girls' Day" at one of the float- ing baths, showing the enclosure for adults and swimmers. *37. New York, N.Y. Interior bath at West 60th Street. These baths are constructed entirely of iron and concrete. The depth of the water varies from three to eight feet. *38. Erie, Pa. Close view of the swimming pool at the pumping station showing the dressing rooms. *39. New York, N. Y. "Boys' Day" at one of the float- ing baths. *40. New York, N. Y. Outside view of the interior bath at East 23d Street. *4i. New York, N. Y. Outside view of the interior bath at East 76th Street. *42. Pittsburgh, Pa. Crowds at the swimming pool at the camp of the Kingsley House Settlement. *47. Orange, N. J. A crude shower bath. It consists of a bucket, whose bottom has been pierced to allow the water supplied by a garden hose to trickle through. The bucket, with the hose attached, is then hung on the wall of some building. *48. Gary, Ind. Swimming pool at the Emerson School. i6 I. Athletics, Fields, Courts, and Courses No. *i. Frankfort, Germany. An inter-school "Schlag- Ball" contest on a city playing field. *3. Berlin, Germany. Open playing field in a public park, showing various games in progress. *4. Interlaken, Switzerland. A village Turn Fest. Men and boys competing in handicap events. High jumping. 29. New York, N. Y. The running broad jump. One of the events at a schoolboys' meet conducted by the Public Schools Athletic League. *53. Interlaken, Switzerland. A village Turn Fest. Men and boys competing in handicap events. Jumping. *54. Interlaken, Switzerland. A village Turn Fest. Posing is one of the events. *55. Interlaken, Switzerland. A village Turn Fest. Wrestling is one of the events. 56. Essex County, N. J. View of the excellent tennis courts. *57. Aberfeldy, Scotland. A public golf course in the Scottish Highlands. 60. Essex County, N. J. Baseball game in front of the gymnasium. The apparatus is deserted while the game is in progress. *62. Birmingham, England. A game of cricket being watched by great crowds. *63. Aberfeldy, Scotland. Public bowling green. *67. Detroit, Mich. Boating and band concert at Belle Island Park. 69. New York, N. Y. The "chinning" or "pull-up" exercise, in the class room. One of the events in Class Athletics. 70. New York, N. Y. An event in Class Athletics, "class jumping." The record of all the boys is taken and compared with the record of the other classes. The class having the highest score wins the trophy. 71. New York, N.Y. Getting ready for the " chinning " or "pull-up" exercise. One of the events in Class Athletics. *72. New York, N. Y. Finish of one of the events in Class Athletics. Boys are cheering their class- mate to make a good finish in "class running." 73. New York, N. Y. One of the events in which all the boys of the class take part. The "start" of a contest in "class running." *74. New York, N. Y. Two events at a public school athletic meet, running and jumping. 17 *75- New York, N. Y. Touching off in a relay race at a P. S. A. L. meet. *76. New York, N. Y. Spectators at a P. S. A. L. meet watching the events. *77. New York, N. Y. Crowd of rooters going to a Pub- lic Schools Athletic Meet. *78. New York, N. Y. ''Chinning." An event in the Athletic Badge Test. *79. New York, N. Y. Standing start in running. Ath- letic Badge Test. *8o. New York, N. Y. The broad jump. An event in the Athletic Badge Test. *8i. New York, N. Y. "Chinning." An event in the Athletic Badge Test. *82. New York, N. Y. Start in one of the events of the Athletic Badge Test. *88. New York, N. Y. Class Athletics. Running. *89. New York, N. Y. Class Athletics. Jumping. J. Festivals and Celebrations No. *2. Aberfeldy, Scotland. A village picnic. Old and young folks are dancing on the village green. 3. Buffalo, N. Y. Children from the playgrounds having a May Day celebration in the park. Several May-pole dances are in progress. 4. Pittsburgh, Pa. Boys and girls in a drill at the Play Festival at Washington Park Playgrounds. 20. Washington, D. C. Ring game at the Play Festival conducted by the local playground association. 21. Washington, D. C. A close finish in a girls' race at the Play Festival conducted by the local play- ground association. 56. New York, N. Y. Langdans (Swedish folk dance) at Van Courtlandt Park during the Second Play- ground Congress of the Playground Association of America. *88. Springfield, Mass. Float entitled "The First Ameri- cans." Part of the parade at the Independence Day celebration. *89. Springfield, Mass. Float entitled "Mary, Queen of Scots," contributed by the Scots. Part of the parade at the Independence Day celebration. *90. New York, N. Y. A sequel of the Fourth of July. The family are gathered around the cot of the injured boy awaiting developments. *9I. Washington, D. C. Boys in soldier uniforms dragging wheelbarrow marked "Remains of the Civil War." This is part of a celebration on the playgrounds. i8 *92. Washington, D. C. The prize winner in the "Baby Carriage Parade." A part of a celebration on the playgrounds. *93- Washington, D. C. Homeward bound after a play- ground festival. *94. Washington, D. C. Before the start of the Baby Carriage Parade at the Playground Festival. *95. Colorado Springs, Col. Athletes marching on the field at an athletic carnival. *96. Pittsfield, Mass. Fourth of July celebration show- ing crowds watching the parade. The school children's division is just coming into view. *97. New York, N. Y. Girls carrying the Liberty Pole in the parade of school children during the Hud- son-Fulton Centennial. *98. New York, N. Y. Boys dressed as Indians carrying their tepee in the parade at the Hudson-Fulton celebration. *99. New York, N. Y. The "Star Girls " in the parade of the Hudson-Fulton celebration. *ioo. New York, N. Y. "Miss Columbia" and "Colonial Girls" in the parade at the Hudson-Fulton cele- bration. 102. New York, N. Y. Dancing the "Tarantella" (Ital- ian folk dance) in a schoolyard. A hurdy-gurdy is furnishing the music. 109. New York, N. Y. Dancing the "Tarantella" (Ital- ian folk dance) in a schoolyard. A hurdy-gurdy is furnishing the music. no. New York, N. Y. Hurdy-gurdy furnishing music for a Russian dance in front of a public school. III. New York, N. Y. Dancing to hurdy-gurdy music in front of a public school. *i 12. Cleveland, O. Group of boys and girls in costume at the Independence Day celebration. *ii3. Cleveland, O. "Liberty Float" at the Independ- ence Day celebration. *II4. Cleveland, O. Girls in costume carrying the Ameri- can flag at the Independence Day celebration. *II5. Cleveland, O. One of the prize-winning floats at the Independence Day celebration. *I2I. Cleveland, O. Two Polish children in costume at the Independence Day celebration. *I22. Cleveland, O. Boys dressed as firecrackers in the parade at the Independence Day celebration. *I23. Cleveland, O. The "Firecracker Brigade." Boys dressed as firecrackers in the parade at the Inde- pendence Day celebration. *I24. Cleveland, O. Girls dressed in the costume of their 19 native land. Part of the parade at the Inde- pendence Day celebration. *I25. Cleveland, O. The decorated donkey cart. One of the prize winners in the parade at the Independ- ence Day celebration. *I26. Cleveland, O. ''Mother Goose" and two "Liberty Girls." Part of the parade at the Independence Day celebration. *I27. Woodstock, Vt. A local juvenile company, which, in addition to the State Guards, gave exhibitions at the annual field day. *I28. Woodstock, Vt. Part of the athletic games at the annual field day. The crowds and decorations are also shown in this picture. *I29. Woodstock, Vt. One of the popular contests on field day. The trap shoot. *I30. Springfield, Vt. Archery at the Play Festival. This is one of the popular sports for the ladies. *I3I. Springfield, Vt. Girls in an inter-high school volley ball game at the annual field day. *I32. Springfield, Vt. Girls practising archery at the annual field day. Picture shows the targets used. *I33. Springfield, Vt. Potato race in motion at the annual field day. *I34. Springfield, Vt. The start of the clerks* lOO-yard dash at the annual field day. *I35. Springfield, Vt. Boys having their legs sewed up in sacks waiting for the sack race. *I36. Woodstock, Vt. Chute, swings and other play- ground apparatus being used at the annual field day. *I37. Springfield, Vt. Near the nursery tent the little folks use the swings, see-saws and sand box, while their elders are taking part in the annual field day. *I38. Springfield, Vt. Doctors, lawyers and other pro- fessional men taking part in a tug-of-war. *I39. Albany, N. Y. Aquatic sports, the gunwale race, at the Independence Day celebration. *I40. Albany, N. Y. Boy regiment taking part in the parade at the Independence Day celebration. 141. New York, N. Y. Little boys and girls in a folk dance in the yard of a public school. *I42. Cleveland, O. Girls in Wild West costume in the parade at the Indepjendence Day celebration. 143. Cleveland, O. Some of the floats in the parade at the Independence Day celebration. *I44. Cleveland, O. Float entitled "The Old Fourth," * 20 showing boys bandaged as a result of celebrating with too many firecrackers. *I45. Cleveland, O. Chinese carrying their native flag in the parade at the Independence Day celebration. *I48. Chattanooga, Tenn. Liberty Bell and typical sol- diers in the Fourth of July parade. *I49. Chattanooga, Tenn. Betsy Ross making the flag and General Washington. *I50. Chattanooga, Tenn. Pocahontas. One of the floats in the Fourth of July parade. K. Recreation Centers No. *2. London, England. Passmore Edwards' Settlement. Boys making shoes in the cobbling class. 4. New York, N. Y. Girls in the study room at the Evening Recreation Center at Public School No. 94. *7. New York, N. Y. Girls playing quiet games, such as checkers and chess, at the Evening Recreation Center at Public School No. 94. II. New York, N. Y. Young ladies in a folk dance at the Evening Recreation Center at Public School No. 137. *I4. Newark, N. J. Girls in the gymnasium at the Even- ing Recreation Center of the Hamburg Place School. 16. New York, N. Y. A running contest at the Evening Recreation Center of the High School of Com- merce. *I7. Fort Lee, N. J. The model dance hall in Palisades Park. It is well lighted, cool, and under proper supervision. *i8. New York, N. Y. An undesirable dance hall show- ing the ''Beer Garden" connected with it. The couples usually spend more time here than on the dance floor. *I9. New York, N. Y. Mixed dancing class at an evening recreation center. On certain evenings the young men and women have social dances under the supervision of the teachers. The Tel-Elec- tric Piano Player is furnishing the music. 20. New York, N. Y. Young women and girls in a folk dance at an evening recreation center in a school- yard. 21. New York, N. Y. Young men playing basketball at an evening recreation center. *23. Columbus, O. Little tots' class at a recreation center. *24. Columbus, O. Girls' games at an evening recreation center. 21 *25. Columbus, O. Girls' games at Goodale Park recrea- tion center. *26. Columbus, O. Boys* games at an evening recreation center. *27. Columbus, O. High School girls at a recreation center. *28. Columbus, O. Boys' Club at an evening recreation center. *29. Columbus, O. Boys' class at an evening recreation center. 30. Chicago, 111. Young men dancing at a school recreation center. 31. Chicago, 111. Playing checkers at a school recrea- tion center. L. Social Centers No. *4. Rochester, N. Y. Lunch room at the West High School social center. *28. Philadelphia, Pa. A class of boys doing woodwork at a social center. An ordinary schoolroom is the workshop. *29. Philadelphia, Pa. Boys and girls getting ready for a dance at a social center. *30. Philadelphia, Pa. Learning to cane chairs at the social center. A useful and instructive pastime. *3I. Philadelphia, Pa. Little girls playing "Wash Day" at a social center. This is good training for future housekeepers. *32. Philadelphia, Pa. Folk dancing for girls at the social center. The girls seem to be having a thoroughly good time. *33. Philadelphia, Pa. Class of boys doing pierced brass work in a schoolroom at the social center. *34. Philadelphia, Pa. Boys playing volley ball in the gymnasium of the social center. *35. Philadelphia, Pa. Little boys and girls playing checkers, picture puzzles, etc., at a social center playroom. *36. Jersey City, N. J. Social Dancing at P. S. No. 29. 44. Pittsburgh, Pa. Social center in the Thaddeus Stevens school. Class in sewing. 45. Pittsburgh, Pa. Social center in the Thaddeus Stevens school. Making flowers. 46. Chicago, 111. Young men in a drill at a school social center. 47. Chicago, 111. Singing class at a school social center. 48. Chicago, 111. Girls dancing at a school social center. *49. Gary, Ind. Juniors entertaining the Seniors at the Emerson school social center. 22 *50. Gary, Ind. A social occasion in the Emerson School. *5i. Gary, Ind. School work that entertains the family. Emerson School. *52. Detroit, Mich. Bishop school. Talk on civics by corporation counsel. *53. Detroit, Mich. Newberry Social Center. Polish girls dancing. *54. Detroit, Mich. Bishop School. Swimming pool. *55. Detroit, Mich. Bishop School. What one boy made at the social center. *56. Detroit, Mich. Capron Social Center. Cooking class. *57. Detroit, Mich. General Social Center. We made our hats at the social center. *58. Milwaukee, Wis. A neighborhood civic club dis- cussing the city budget. 59. Pittsburgh, Pa. Social Center cooking class. 60. Pittsburgh, Pa. Girls' ball game at a social center. *6i. Jersey City, N. J. Social Center. Basketry Club. *62. Jersey City, N. J. Social Center. Dance at P. S. No. 27. *63. Jersey City, N. J. Social Center. Embroidery Club. *64. Jersey City, N. J. Social Center. Physical Train- ing for Boys. *65. Jersey City, N. J. Social Center. Sewing Club. *66. Jersey City, N. J. Social Center. Choral Singing. *6g. East Boston, Mass. Social Center. Young women's civic club. *70. Chicago, 111. Dancing at the Thorp social center. *7i. Chicago, 111. A social center reading-room in a class-room. *72. Chicago, 111. Basketball in a kindergarten-room. *73. Chicago, 111. Dancing at the Kinzie social center. *74. Chicago, 111. Dancing class at the Kinzie social center. *75. East Boston, Mass. Social Center. Junior City Council. M. Vacation Schools No. *3. Pittsburgh, Pa. Domestic science class at a vaca- tion school. The girls are making currant jelly from a recipe on the blackboard. *5. Pittsburgh, Pa. Class of boys doing clay modeling at a vacation school. An ordinary classroom is used. *25. Buffalo, N. Y. Interior of a classroom devoted to domestic science at a vacation school. 31. New York, N. Y. Classroom in a vacation school. The girls are weaving baskets. 23 34- New York, N. Y. Class of boys learning bookbind- ing at a vacation school. N. Gardens No. 5. Dayton, O. Boys at work at the gardens provided by the National Cash Register Company for the children of its employees. 6. Pittsburgh, Pa. Girls working in the gardens in Arsenal Park. *9. St. Louis, Mo. Children's gardens in mid-summer showing prospects of a good harvest. *I2. Reading, Pa. The children's gardens as part of the regular playground work. *I5. Yonkers, N. Y. The gardens are put to use in the winter by flooding them for ice skating. *i6. Yonkers, N. Y. A vacant lot, used as a dumping ground by tenants of adjoining houses, before gardens were started. *iy. Yonkers, N. Y. The vacant lot described above was transformed into a children's garden. *i8. Yonkers, N. Y. General view of the Fairview Gar- den School in July. *I9. Yonkers, N. Y. Another view of the Fairview Gar- den School showing the size of the plot devoted to the work. Several hundred boys and girls are at work. *20. Orange, N. J. Boys and girls working on their plots in the school garden. *2i. Orange, N. J. General view of the school garden. 22. New York, N. Y. School gardens in a public school yard. Each boy has his own plot to take care of. *23. New York, N. Y. Girls at work in a school garden connected with their school. 24. New York, N. Y. School garden at P. S. No. 15, Manhattan. 25. New York, N. Y. School garden at P. S. No. 42, Bronx. 26. Rhode Island School gardens. 27. New York, N. Y. School garden at P. S. No. 42, Bronx. 28. Rhode Island School gardens. 29. New York, N. Y. School garden at P. S. No. 84, Queens Co. 30. Cleveland, O. School garden. 31. New York, N. Y. School garden at P. S. No. 20, Richmond Co. 32. New York, N. Y. School garden at P. S. No. 20, Richmond Co. 33. Philadelphia, Pa. School gardens. 24 p. Evening Schools No. *4. New York, N. Y. Evening school at Public School No. 67. A class in steamfitting and boiler making. *5. New York, N. Y. Evening school at Public School No. 67. A class of foreigners learning English. 6. New York, N. Y. Stuyvesant Evening Trade School. A class of men and boys in the forge room. *8. New York, N. Y. Evening school at Public School No. 67. A class of women learning tailoring. 10. New York, N. Y. Evening trade school. A class in cabinet-making. 12. New York, N. Y. Evening trade school. Class drawing from life. 13. New York, N. Y. Evening school at Public School No. 67. Class in electricity. 29. New York, N. Y. Evening school at Public School No. 67. A class of colored women studying cooking. Q. Public Lectures No. 3. New York, N. Y. At a lecture center in one of the public school buildings. The lecturer is giving a practical demonstration in bandaging, using one of the audience as a subject. 4. New York, N. Y. A typical lecture center crowd at Public School No. 188. All seats are occupied. 6. New York, N. Y. Interior of the lecture center at the Wadleigh High School. The gallery, too, is filled to capacity. 14. New York, N. Y. Chemistry at a lecture center. The lecturer is making some chemistry experi- ments. *I5. Cleveland, O. Crowd of men, women, and children listening to a lecture on dentistry. R. SCHOOLHOUSE MEETINGS No. *I3. Philadelphia, Pa. A Home and School Association meeting. The Mayor and other public officials are on the platform. The speaker has chosen for his subject "Industrial Betterment." *I4. Philadelphia, Pa. A Home and School Association meeting. The ladies are having a "Recipe Party," at which each one brings a recipe of some sort or other. V. Construction Plans *i. Lexington, Ky. Outside view of the model school. *2. Lexington, Ky. Basement plan of the model school. 25 First floor plan of the model school. Second floor plan of the model *5. *6. *7. 10. II 12. *I3- *I4. *I5. *i6. =17. =19. ^20. *2I. *22. * ^23. 24. *25. *26. *28. *29. *30. ^31 '32. *33- *34- *35. *36. *37- *38. *39. Lexington, Ky. Lexington, Ky. school. Model School and Recreation Center layout. Model School and Recreation Center. Cincinnati, O. Westwood School. Exterior. Cincinnati, O. Westwood School. Ground floor plan. Cincinnati, O. Westwood School. First floor plan. Cincinnati, O. Westwood School. Second floor plan. Kalamazoo, Mich. East Avenue School. Ground floor plan. Kalamazoo, Mich. East Avenue School. Second floor plan. Reno, Nev. Orvis Ring School. First floor plan. Reno, Nev. Orvis Ring School. Court. Reno, Nev. Stage front. McKinley Park School. Washington, D. C. Lucretia Mott School. First floor plan. New York, N. Y. P. S. 95, Manhattan. plan. New York, N. Y. P. S. 95, Manhattan. plan. Cambridge, Mass. Thorndike School. plan. Harlem, 111. Consolidated School. Harlem, 111. Consolidated School. Basement plan. Harlem, 111. Consolidated School. Gardening plan. Trier Township, Wis. High School. Trier Township, Wis. Athletic Field. Oklahoma City, Okla. School Plan. Chicago, 111. Mozart School. First floor plan. Chicago, 111. Mozart School. Second floor plan. Chicago, 111. Mozart School. Exterior. St. Louis, Mo. Corridor in the Webster School. Southboro, Mass. Cordaville School. Basement plan. Southboro, Mass. Cordaville School. Ground floor plan. Southboro, Mass. Cordaville School. Second floor plan. Rusk School. Rusk School. Rusk School. Eagle School. Eagle School. Eagle School. Eagle School. First floor Basement Basement Houston, Tex. Houston, Tex. Houston, Tex. Cleveland, O. Cleveland, O. Cleveland, O. Cleveland, O. First floor plan. Second floor plan. Third floor plan. Exterior. First floor plan. Second floor plan. Third floor plan. 26 *40. Cleveland, O. Eagle School. Basement plan. *4I. Gary, Ind. Emerson School. Exterior. *42. Gary, Ind. Emerson School. Basement plan. *43. Gary, Ind. Emerson School. First floor plan. *44. Gary, Ind. Emerson School. Auditorium. *45. Gary, Ind. Emerson School. Second floor plan. *46. Gary, Ind. Froebel School. Ground floor plan. *47. Gary, Ind. Froebel School. First floor plan. *48. Gary, Ind. Froebel School. Exterior. *49. Grand Rapids, Mich. Oakland Ave. School. Ground floor plan. *50. Grand Rapids, Mich. Oakland Ave. School. Second floor plan. *5i. Grand Rapids, Mich. Oakland Ave. School. First floor plan. W. Recess Activities No. *i. New York, N. Y. Boys playing "three deep" during the noon recess. *2. New York, N. Y. A "potato race" in progress in a schoolyard. One of the activities of the noon recess. 3. New York, N. Y. Little boys having a "three- legged race" during recess time. 4. New York, N. Y. Girls and boys having a "ladder race" during recess. This race consists of run- ning between the rungs of the ladders. *5. New York, N. Y. Boys playing "leap frog" during the recess period. This school has an excep- tionally large yard. 6. New York, N. Y. Boys playing "jump the shots" during the recess period. This game is played by swinging a rope with a shot attached to its end and having the boys jump out of its path. 7. New York, N. Y. Girls playing hare and hound in the schoolyard during the recess period. 8. New York, N. Y. Girls tossing the basketball during the recess period. 9. New York, N. Y. Girls playing "captain ball" in the schoolyard during the noon recess. ID. New York, N. Y. Girls having a "shuttle relay race." This is one of the popular recess activi- ties. II. New York, N. Y. Boys playing a game during the recess period. 27 Z. Miscellaneous No. *i. Fluelen, Switzerland. Archery practice on a school building in the "William Tell Country." The targets are painted on the side of the schoolhouse. 6. Yonkers, N. Y. Boys pitching pennies on the street. Playgrounds might prove to be a good substitute. *I2. St. Louis, Mo. Boys playing in a filthy back-yard. Conditions like this do not make for good citizen- ship. 13. St. Louis, Mo. Showing a little girl playing in the back-yard, which is filled with all sorts of debris. 15. Jamestown, Va. Showing the exhibit of the Play- ground Association of America at the Jamestown Exposition. 16. Jamestown, Va. A corner of the exhibit of the Play- ground Association of America, showing a minia- ture model of a playground. 27. New York, N. Y. Showing the congestion of popu- lation and traffic on an East Side street. *35. New York, N. Y. The interior of a court-room showing the crowd of boys arrested on Decora- tion Day (May 30, 1909) for playing in the streets. *36. London, England. Fishing for minnows in a park lake. *38. Berlin, Germany. Showing how the billboard nui- sance is solved in German cities. *42. Children caught by the camera man in a freight yard. *50. Lexington, Ky. The children who live in "Shanty- town." 52. New York, N. Y. The school band of Public School No. 21. A trained musician teaches the boys. *62. Gary, Ind. The "store" at the Emerson school. *63. Gary, Ind. "Banking Hour" at the Emerson school. *64. Gary, Ind. Making "bank" furniture at the Emer- son school. 65. Fixed desks are uncomfortable for adults. *66. Movable chairs arranged in one minute. 67. Moulthrop movable chair in use at Rochester. 68. Chairs can be placed around the wall in one minute. 69. Los Angeles, Cal. Voters' line in the schoolyard. *70. Los Angeles, Cal. Voting booths in a schoolroom. *7i. Los Angeles, Cal. Voters in a schoolhouse. *72. Milwaukee. Wis. Voting in a schoolhouse basement. Russell Sage Foundation Publications THE PITTSBURGH SURVEY. Findings in six volumes, edited by Paul U. Kellogg. 8vo. Fully illustrated. 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