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^Tableaux jFtom ^latiama 
 
 ILatoreme Hee, Jr. 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
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Tableaux from c^^labama 
 Histori] 
 
 Based on 
 
 History Stories of .>^labama 
 
 bi^ nirs. Pitt Lamar Mattheips 
 
 Copijnqhted 1922, by Lari;rence Lee, Jr. 
 
 Montgomery, Ala. 
 THE3 PARAGON PRESS 
 
 1922 
 
1-3X.1 
 
 GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS 
 
 I. In making the groupings on the stage it is 
 very important that the effect be natural. This 
 may be best accomplished by avoiding formal or 
 awkward poses. The participants should be group- 
 ed so that they seem in action, if the tableau is one 
 that should express action. 
 
 II. Cantos, explaining each tableau, follow them 
 and are numbered the same as the tableau which 
 they explain. 
 
 III. Someone dressed as the Muse of History 
 may recite the cantos, indicating the characters 
 spoken of. 
 
 IV. It is suggested, at the end of each tableau, 
 that a dance be introduced. These dances, while a 
 great addition to the beauty of the tableaux, are 
 not essential. 
 
 V. An appendix, descriptive of the costumes 
 used in each tableau, will be found in the rear. 
 
 'C1.D (UnH9 
 (2) 
 
 SEP 23 72 
 
TABLEAU I: DE SOTO ARRIVES IN 
 ALABAMA 
 
 The scene is laid on the hill which later became 
 Capitol Hill. Tuscaloosa, a warrior of large stat- 
 ure, is standing in front of his throne to greet De 
 Soto. His attitude is one of indifference or de- 
 fiance rather than friendship. The chief's warriors 
 are grouped at the sides and back of his throne. 
 The entire tribe is wearing war paint and is dressed 
 in full regalia. 
 
 De Soto stands alone at the head of his men. 
 Jean Ortiz, a Spaniard, who has lived many years 
 with the Indians, is nearest to the Spanish leader. 
 The general group of De Soto's men is back of him 
 at a short distance from Ortiz. They are not group- 
 ed in military formation ; some of them are leaning 
 on their weapons, while some stand erect. The 
 Spaniards present a very well-groomed appear- 
 ance. 
 
 De Soto has a pointed beard and ample musta- 
 chios, and his hair falls just below his ears. He is 
 wearing a sword. 
 
 Tuscaloosa's throne is made of boughs with grass 
 woven in among them. Over the throne are placed 
 some skins. As a shade for Tuscaloosa a shield 
 is raised on a pole above his throne. This shield 
 is oval and is covered with deer skins, which are 
 painted with huge stripes. 
 
 An Indian maiden, with a string of beads, ad- 
 vances to present them to De Soto. 
 
 (3) 
 
CANTO I 
 
 Oe Soto, now a visitor 
 To Alabama's soil, is lead 
 By young Jean Ortiz as a guide. 
 Young Ortiz many years has lived 
 Among the Indians, and so. 
 Can speak their tongue and Spanish too. 
 Great Tuscaloosa greets them on 
 The hill that later v^ill become 
 The bearer of our capitol. 
 In dignity that w^ell becomes 
 Great chiefs, the two advance to greet 
 Each other ; but the Warrior 
 Has heard of how De Soto treats 
 His hosts, — dark tales have reached his ears 
 Of cruel tasks imposed upon 
 The natives by the Spanish chief. 
 And so the great Black Warrior 
 Receives De Soto with disdain. 
 The Indian soon after falls 
 In combat with the Spanish troops, 
 Whose losses are quite heavy too. 
 De Soto then continues on 
 His march aid later dies of want, 
 Not knowing that his name will be 
 Recored for all time as our 
 Most noted visitor from Spain. 
 
 Note : Here a festival dance may be presented 
 by Indian girls and warriors. 
 
 (4) 
 
TABLEAU II: THE ARRIVAL OF WIVES FOR 
 THE MOBILE COLONISTS 
 
 The scene is laid in the newly founded French 
 colony at Mobile. The women have just landed and 
 the colonists have come out to greet them. Each 
 girl has a chest in which her possessions have been 
 transported. 
 
 The group of women are led into the settlement 
 by four priests, who are immediately followed by 
 several Nuns. 
 
 Some of the men of the colony are pulling chests 
 into the settlement, while others stand idly watch- 
 ing the women coming in. A few friendly Indians 
 aid the workers. 
 
 Monsieur and Madame Jousset stand watching 
 the new-comers. Madame Jousset has her small 
 child in her arms, while other children who are older 
 play among the men. 
 
 The priests at the head of the women are of the 
 order of the Palatine Monks. Their heads are 
 shaven, leaving a bordering fringe of hair. The 
 hoods of their robes hang from their shoulders. 
 Their robes are grey. 
 
 The priests and the Nuns stand in the attitude 
 of giving thanks to God for safe arrival. 
 
 In the background a sentry may be placed at a 
 point of vantage. 
 
 The season is early Autumn and some of the men 
 are seen bringing in corn, in the rear. Autumn 
 flowers may be seen and the shrubbery is Autumnal. 
 
 (5) 
 
CANTO II 
 
 ^Khe ship, stout Pelican, brings wives 
 
 VteX To make the life of colonists 
 
 More bearable. Each girl has brought 
 
 Her treasures in a box, therefore. 
 
 The settlers of Mobile, in sport, 
 
 Dub them "The Ladies of the Chest." 
 
 The sturdy fathers, clad in grey, 
 
 Rejoicing, lead the girls ashore 
 
 And now, with quiet Nuns to aid, 
 
 They offer up their thanks to God 
 
 For safe and speedy voyage here. 
 
 The colonists stand by and watch. 
 
 With smiles, the ladies coming in ; 
 
 But some, more thoughtful than the rest, 
 
 Help bear their wardrobes to the land. 
 
 Madame Jousset, her child held close. 
 
 Delights to see more girls arrive ; 
 
 For she knows well that now the land 
 
 Will gaily echo wedding bells 
 
 And she will have sweet confidantes 
 
 To whisper through an evening with. 
 
 The men that smilingly look on, 
 
 As priests and maids and Nuns all pray, 
 
 Have thoughts of quiet homes and songs 
 
 That gentle women sing from hearts 
 
 That flow with love and tenderness. 
 
 And so, these girls, — the mothers of 
 
 Our Alabama's self, — bring aid 
 
 And hope to weary colonists. 
 
 Note : Here a dance of young men and women 
 in diaphanous costumes, suggestive of the Greek 
 dress, may be introduced. Wedding bells may be 
 heard in the distance and form part of the music. 
 The women wear bands of Autumn leaves about 
 
 their loose-flowing hair. 
 
 (6) 
 
TABLEAU III: THE SIGNING OF PEACE 
 WITH THE CREEKS AND SEMINOLES 
 
 The scene is in the hall of Congress in New 
 York. President George Washington, on the right, 
 and Alexander McGillivray, on the left, are promi- 
 nent at center stage. 
 
 At the rear and to the left of Washington stands 
 Colonel Willett while behind these two are grouped 
 notables of the government. All of the Americans 
 are dressed in the colonial statesman'scostume. 
 
 Washington is holding the treaty and a quill pen 
 towards McGillivray who has his hand extended 
 as though to accept them. 
 
 In the rear of McGillivray the minor Indian 
 chiefs are grouped. 
 
 The minor chiefs have on their council robes 
 and headdress. 
 
 McGillivray is wearing a trapper's costumes and 
 the headdress of the Emperor of Creeks and Semi- 
 noles. 
 
 CANTO III 
 
 Che Creeks and Seminoles have caused 
 The nation much distress. The shrewd 
 McGillivray, their Emperor, 
 In youth was schooled quite thoroughly 
 At Charleston's best academies, 
 And so, to shrewdness adds the aid 
 Of learning. But base selfishness 
 His talent's better part destroys 
 He bends each circumstance to make 
 His wealth more great, his rule more strong. 
 To serve his ends McGillivray 
 
 (7) 
 
Has led the Indians against 
 
 The Spanish settlements. To gain 
 
 The Indian trade, the Spaniards r;ive 
 
 McGillivray a colonel's rank. 
 
 The leader next incites his men 
 
 To prey upon Americans. 
 
 George Washington, now President 
 
 Of the new-born United States, 
 
 Sends Willett as ambassador 
 
 To urge McGillivray to leave 
 
 Fair Alabama's realm and see 
 
 The youthful nation's capital. 
 
 McGillivray accepts, and brings 
 
 His chief to parley with the men 
 
 Who guide America's affairs. 
 
 Each leader, with a searching glance, 
 
 The other measures carefully: 
 
 Each tallies, man for man, in wit 
 
 And strength of brain, but Washington 
 
 Thinks not of self but of a cause 
 
 When dealing with McGillivray. 
 
 Therefore, the nation's President, 
 
 With God to aid, outwits the chief 
 
 Of Creeks and Seminoles. 
 
 And now, 
 Surrounded by great under-chiefs, . 
 McGillivray decides to sign 
 The truce that shall insure a peace 
 Between the Indians and whites 
 And bring to end a bitter war. 
 
 Note : Here a dance, interpretive of the disap- 
 pearance of the Indian at the coming of the white 
 man, may be introduced. 
 
 (8) 
 
TABLEAU IV: ALABAMA BECOMES 
 A STATE 
 
 The scene is the territorial legislative hall at St. 
 Stephens. At the desk of the speaker, Governor 
 William Wyatt Bibb is standing. He has a paper 
 in his hand and appears to be addressing the men 
 seated before him. 
 
 The men seated before him are the eleven repre- 
 sentatives and the one legislative councilor (James 
 Titus). 
 
 The men are dressed in the clothes of the 19th 
 Century statesman. 
 
 CANTO IV 
 
 Che first lawmakers of our land 
 In council jointly gather here, 
 Within St. Stephens' halls, to draw 
 Up plans whereby our woods and fields 
 And peopled cities may become 
 A young, progressive, growing state. 
 The man who speaks with earnest voice, — 
 Aware of duties to be done 
 And tasks that wait, — is William Bibb, 
 First Governor of our young state. 
 Before him sit, in silence, men 
 Who form the legislative group. 
 Eleven representatives 
 Compose the House on this first day, 
 While Titus, all alone, makes up 
 The total of the Senate's share. 
 They listen earnestly to Bibb, 
 For all well know that states are made 
 With toil and prayer and faith and pain ; 
 
 (9) 
 
They know that men may plan and chance 
 May spoil, and so, they pray that God 
 May help their hands to guide aright 
 The infant steps of this, their land. 
 Now time has swept this day aside 
 And Alabama stands, a man 
 Who's grown to wisdom and to strength ; 
 With loins unbound and free before 
 The world, — undaunted, unashamed 
 In the clean race he runs. 
 
 Note : Here a body of children march in singing 
 the song Alabama. In the front is borne a State 
 Flag, a Confederate Flag, and a United States Flag. 
 The children are dressed in white, except that the 
 boys wear red ties and the girls red bows on the 
 hair, carrying out the colors of the State Flag. 
 Aiter they sing Alabama the group sings Dixie 
 and then The Star Spangled Banner . 
 
 (10) 
 
TABLEAU V: LA FAYETTE'S VISIT TO 
 ALABAMA 
 
 Marquis de La Fayette is seen entering, at the 
 right, and moving to the left. At the left Governor 
 Pickens stands, heading a large crov^d, gathered 
 to greet LaFayette. Old men, who fought with 
 the French commander, grasp his hand and arms 
 and follow him. 
 
 The Marquis is about seventy years old and is 
 white haired. He is wearing civilian clothes. 
 
 La Fayette is prominent at the head of the group 
 to the right, while Governor Pickens is prominent 
 at the head of the group to the left. Soldiers and 
 officers of the French and American armies accom- 
 pany the visitor, as a guard of honor. A small 
 band of fifes and drums are leading them with the 
 American and French flags borne before. 
 
 The decorations in red, white and blue are inter- 
 spersed with American and French flags and shields. 
 These colors are strung overhead above the line of 
 march. 
 
 CANTO V 
 
 Bgain comes La Fayette upon 
 America's free shore. The man 
 Was youthful when he first, to aid 
 A cause he knew was just, set foot 
 In this, our native land ; but now, 
 The battle with the conqueror. Time, 
 Has traced itself upon the chief's 
 Young face and white shows in his hair. 
 The chieftain warmly greets old men. 
 Who once, aflame with youth's mad fire, 
 
 (11) 
 
Into the midst of battle rushed 
 With shouting: "Lead! oh, LaFayette, 
 We follow ! — On ! against the foe !" 
 These men, now weak from age and time, 
 Their leader's arms in fondness clasp. 
 They call his name and praise the man 
 Who aided us to swell our strength 
 And gain a nation's name. 
 
 Quite proud 
 To greet such noble visitors, 
 The Governor awaits with joy 
 The Marquis at the mound that bears 
 The Alabama Capitol. 
 Ere he can leave our native soil, 
 Both song and dance and banqueting 
 Will show great La Fayette that all. 
 With love and joy, greet once again 
 A gallant, noble warrior. 
 
 Note : Here a dance of freedom may be intro- 
 duced. Young girls dressed in white, flowing dress- 
 es, sandals and the red French cap of Liberty and 
 bearing wreathed shields are the dancers. 
 
 (12) 
 
TABLEAU VI: THE INAUGURATION OF 
 JEFFERSON DAVIS 
 
 A large crowd is gathered about the steps of the 
 Capitol at Montgomery. Jefferson Davis is seen 
 standing at the top of the steps, between two col- 
 umns. Judge John D. Phelan stands beside him, 
 holding a Bible, in the act of administering the 
 oath of office. Near these two figures stand Wil- 
 liam Lowndes Yancey and Alexandre Stephens. On 
 either side of these two figures are grouped the 
 President's Cabinet and the Confederate Congress. 
 
 Near the figures of Phelan and Davis, stands Le- 
 titia Tyler, holding a folded Confederate flag across 
 her arm. The presence of this bright-looking girl 
 of sixteen relieves the great solemnity of the occa- 
 sion. The reflection from bonfires may be seen 
 lighting the sky, while numerous tapers, fixed in 
 the capitol windows, burn brightly in the back- 
 ground. 
 
 The crowd is composed of men, women, and chil- 
 dren of all ages and dressed in the costumes of the 
 sixties. 
 
 CANTO VI 
 
 Qow cruel war's aflame throughout 
 The land : Our nation's unity 
 Is split in twain. The Southern states 
 Oppose the Union's strength and form 
 Their own Confederacy. 
 
 Now come 
 To Alabama's Capitol, 
 A host to see great Davis take 
 The oath of office as the head 
 
 (13) 
 
Of their nation's government. 
 Aware of the great task that falls 
 To him, the President bends low 
 To kiss the Bible and to ask 
 The aid of God in leading this 
 New land's first strides. 
 
 And near him stand 
 Both Yancey and young Stephens, deep 
 In thought ; while at the right of these 
 Letitia Tyler waits, and holds 
 With all the pride of sixteen years, 
 The first Confederate flag. 
 All actions are momentous now 
 And foretell much. 
 
 The hour has come 
 To serve or break the Union's strength. 
 The South strides forth, a god new-sprung 
 From plains and hills, to take up arms 
 And strike at foes who dare assail 
 The rights of men to rule themselves. 
 
 Note: After this tableau a reproduction of the 
 Inaugural Ball will afford an opportunity for mag- 
 nificent display. 
 
 (14) 
 
TABLEAU VII: SOME OF ALABAMA'S 
 NOTED MEN 
 
 The noted men of Alabama are grouped in a semi- 
 circle on the stage. From the audience's left to the 
 right they are arranged in approximately chrono- 
 logical order. 
 
 Back of each man there is a large shield with the 
 seal of Alabama in the center of it. (This seal 
 shows an eagle alighting on a reclining United 
 States Shield, with four arrows in the claws of his 
 left foot and a flying ribbon in his mouth. This rib- 
 bon bears the motto: "Here we rest.") These 
 shields are connected by streamers of Alabama's 
 colors, red and white. 
 
 From left to right the noted men here presented 
 are : 
 
 1. Red Eagle (or William Weatherford). 
 
 2. William Rufus King. 
 
 3. General Joseph Wheeler. 
 
 4. Raphael Semmes. 
 
 5. John T. Morgan. 
 
 6. Richmond P. Hobson. 
 
 7. William Crawford Gorgas. 
 
 8. Robert Lee Bullard. 
 
 CANTO VII 
 
 Chis scene presents some of the men. 
 Sprung from proud Alabama's loins. 
 Whose names with Fame are linked secure. 
 They stand, great beacons to the steps 
 Of those who strive to gain a place 
 Amonsr the leaders of our world. 
 
 (15) 
 
1. First stands Red Eagle of the Creeks, 
 Whose sire was Weatherford, a white. 
 This chieftain of the Creeks led forth 
 An angry tribe of warriors 
 
 To drive the whites out of his land. 
 He led them well, — they fought as braves 
 Should fight ; but fought as braves in vain. 
 No less in peace than war the great 
 Red Eagle led his forces well ; 
 And when he knew that further war 
 Meant useless death he called his men 
 Back from the field and went alone 
 To seek a worthy peace. 
 
 2. Here Rufus King, of whom we think 
 With greatest pride, since many were 
 His deeds before he slipped away 
 
 With Death : For thirty years he served 
 
 Us well as able Senator ; 
 
 Then as a diplomat in France ; 
 
 And last as a vice-president 
 
 Of our United States he made 
 
 Dear Alabama's name more fair. 
 
 So Selma thinks with pride that's just 
 
 Of Rufus King who fathered her. 
 
 3. Next, Wheeler, hero of the war 
 Between the states and of our fight 
 With Spain. He was a man who lived 
 To serve the side he felt was just, 
 Although the call to arms first led 
 
 Him 'gainst the stars and stripes and then 
 Beneath their folds. Age was the foe 
 Who drove him from the battle field. 
 For he knew not the pain of Fear 
 Or weariness, while there were wars 
 To wage in name of Right and Good. 
 
 (16) 
 
4. Then Semmes, Commander of the fleet 
 Which stood to battle with the ships 
 Sent by the North. He had but four 
 
 In all his force with which to fight. 
 But well he led and worried all 
 The navy of the North with quick 
 Attacks and swift manoeuvers, well 
 Thought out. His navy's strength lay in 
 The keenness of his brain and eye, 
 Which sent strong ships down-plunging to 
 The ocean's dark and hungry depths. 
 
 5. John Tyler Morgan stands the fifth. 
 The world hailed Morgan as a force 
 Where brain and execution were 
 
 The need. In youth, while others played, 
 
 He taught himself the truths that soon 
 
 Would place him as a leader in 
 
 The ranks of men. He served his state 
 
 With loyal heart and willing hands 
 
 In war against the North, then turned 
 
 His strength to serve the nation as 
 
 A whole as senator. And last 
 
 He served the world by fathering 
 
 The Panama Canal. 
 
 6. And sixth. 
 Brave Hobson, hero of the war 
 
 We waged against the pride of Spain. 
 
 He locked the sturdy Spanish fleet 
 
 Upon their Santiago's shore. 
 
 By sinking well a ship across 
 
 The harbour's narrow mouth, at risk 
 
 Of death to himself and comrades. 
 
 (17) 
 
7. And next great Gorgas who, to aid 
 A fever stricken Panama, 
 
 Turned all his brain and heart and strength. 
 
 To clearing well the land of filth. 
 
 Then he gave health to Cuba's host 
 
 And taught the world a lesson in 
 
 The best of sanitation's art. 
 
 His heart was clean, his mind alert 
 
 And so he labored well, 
 
 Then came the day when he had reached 
 
 The rank of Surgeon General. 
 
 8. Now on the right brave Bullard stands, — 
 A son who led forth troops against 
 
 The German foe. He said, "Our men 
 Won't understand the word retreat ! 
 Forward, oh France, but never back !" 
 He lent his keenest wits to force 
 The Hun to fall, with trembling, back. 
 He came bedecked with honor's wreaths 
 To Alabama's shores again. 
 
 Note : Here a medley of patriotic songs may be 
 sung by girls dressed to represent the various al- 
 lied nations. 
 
 (18) 
 
TABLEAU VIII: ALABAMA IN THE 
 WORLD WAR 
 
 The scene is an Alabama city street. A column 
 of the Rainbow Division is seen in marching order, 
 returning home. Some of the soldiers are waving 
 their helmets as they march by. Among the re- 
 turned men are some one-armed and some men 
 with minor wounds, while among the crowd watch- 
 ing are a few men in rolling chairs and some with 
 crutches. 
 
 A crowd of men, women and children of all ages 
 are watching the returning soldiers. Some have 
 their hands raised as though they were waving. 
 
 Built over the street is an arch on which the 
 "Rainbow Girls" stand. This arch is covered with 
 cloths of several colors and from the arch there are 
 streamers of all colors floating. The "Rainbow 
 Girls" seem to be throwing roses on the column of 
 marching soldiers. 
 
 (If it is not possible to reproduce the "Rainbow 
 Arch" the "Rainbow Girls" may be placed at points 
 along the way of march.) 
 
 Flags and streamers are hung along the street. 
 
 CANTO VIII 
 
 ®ith great rejoicing home again 
 Come Alabama's warring sons. 
 Some wearing medals won for deeds 
 Of valor nobly done. But some 
 Return with shattered limbs to face 
 An altered world and build new hopes 
 On lives made weak by war and pain. 
 These men have seen the worst of war 
 
 (19) 
 
In such encounters as: The Meuse, 
 Argonne, Champagne, Chateau Thierry, 
 And numerous other bloody scenes. 
 They taught the boasted Prussian Guard 
 The name of fear and broke the Hun's 
 Advance. Then with cold steel they met 
 The German face to face and drove 
 Him quickly home. 
 
 And now they come 
 To taste a well-earned rest and feel 
 The glory of a home and love of peace. 
 And those, who waited prayerfully 
 The long months through, come out to greet 
 The men they love. 
 
 But others look. 
 With sober eyes : and grieve 
 For men who sleep in Flander's fields. 
 
 Note : Here a dance, interpretive of the joy of 
 victory, mingled with the sorrow of war and death, 
 may be given. Young girls in bright dresses (simi- 
 lar in design to the war costumes of the ancient 
 Greeks or Romans), wearing the helmet of the old 
 Roman's, having on the classinc sandals, and carry- 
 ing spears may represent the joy of victory. Girls 
 dressed in filmy black drapery and wearing wreaths 
 of Spanish moss about their foreheads, represent 
 the sorrow which comes with war. Both groups 
 wear their hair hanging loose. One group moves 
 in and out among the other in this interpretive 
 dance. 
 
 (20) 
 
COSTUMES 
 
 Tableau I. 
 
 De Soto and his men are dressed in the Spanish 
 soldier's uniform : high boots, with the broad top ; 
 plain or striped doublets ; the smooth steel corse- 
 let, without mail sleeves ; the plain underjacket, 
 whose sleeves are the only protection to the sol- 
 dier's arms ; and the helmet with a pointed visor 
 and a crest running from front to rear. 
 
 De Soto and his officers wear swords, while the 
 men carry lances. 
 
 The usual form of feathers and war paint of the 
 North American Indian are used by Tuscaloosa and 
 his tribe. Tuscaloosa has a bright blanket thrown 
 about him. 
 
 Tableau II. 
 
 The soldiers in this tableau are dressed similarly 
 to the Spaniards in Tableau I, with the following 
 exceptions : in place of the corselet they wear a 
 shirt with full sleeves and lace ; in place of the hel- 
 met they wear a hat similar to the American Colo- 
 nial hat. Some of the men wear short ruffle-trim- 
 med jackets over their shirts. Their weapons are 
 also the lances and swords as in Tableau I. 
 
 The "Ladies of the Chest" are dressed in the 
 simpler costume of the 18th Century : the plain 
 skirt, with waist caught in just above the hips ; 
 the ruffles at the sleeves, which extend just below 
 the elbow ; 'the broad V-shaped, linen collar; and 
 the cap-like hat, with lace on it, very similar to 
 some American Colonial hats. Occasionall}^, a girl 
 will have a narrow velvet band tied around her 
 throat with a small bow at the back of the neck. 
 
 (21) 
 
The priests are wearing the straight grey dress, 
 with a peaked cowl. The straight Hne of the cos- 
 tume is broken by a cord which is tied at the waist, 
 leaving tassels hanging. 
 
 The Nuns are dressed similarly to the modern 
 Nuns : they wear the plain black dress, and their 
 headdress is like a heavy shawl falling about their 
 shoulders. The underside of their headdress and 
 that about their head and throat is white, while the 
 remainder of the costume may be grey or black. 
 
 Tableau III. 
 
 McGillivray is here dressed in the costume of the 
 Emperor of the Creeks and Seminoles. This cos- 
 tume consists of the usual Indian feather head- 
 dress, beads, and blankets ; but it is more gaudy 
 than the costume of the under-chiefs. 
 
 Washington is dressed in the usual colonial 
 statesmen's costume. He wears a dark coat which 
 reaches half way between the hip and knee. The 
 bottom of the coat is straight and not "cut-away." 
 The collar is wide, but extends only a very short 
 distance down the front on either side. The end of 
 the collar on either side is so cut that it is nearly 
 at right angles to the line of the buttons, with a 
 small pointed flap hanging at the end of either side. 
 The buttons of the coat are about an inch in diam- 
 eter and extend from within two inches of the col- 
 lar down to the waist or a little below the waist. 
 
 Washington's breeches are knee-breeches which 
 are fastened just below his knees and which have 
 small, round buckles on the side of either leg and 
 just below the knee. 
 
 Under Washington's coat may be seen an em- 
 broidered silk vest. This vest comes close about 
 his neck and extends about three inches below his 
 
 (22) 
 
waist with a slight ''cut-away" finish. A high Hnen 
 collar and a frill are about Washington's neck. His 
 hose are white, while his shoes are low-quartered, 
 black shoes with square buckles of silver or nickle. 
 
 The general dress of the Americans is similar 
 to Washington's, but a difference in such detail as 
 color may be noticed. 
 
 All of the Americans wear a bow on the short 
 plait of hair which hangs down their back. 
 
 Tableau IV. 
 
 The general dress of the men in this tableau is 
 as follows : 
 
 They wear high collars with points that turn over 
 on either side. Their ties are the broad, massive 
 bows, generally. The shirt is a plain or stiff-bos- 
 omed white shirt. A vest, with buttons running 
 from the waist to a point very near the coUor, may 
 be seen under the coat. All of the buttons of the 
 vest are not buttoned, those near and below the col- 
 lar are left unbuttoned. The coat is one that ex- 
 tends to the wearer's knees. It is not "cut-away" 
 but is straight bootomed. The lapers of the coat 
 are extremely broad and extend down to the wear- 
 er's waist, diminishing from the shoulder down to 
 the waist. 
 
 The trousers are straight, full trousers without 
 cuirs. They are very long and droop slightly on the 
 shoes of the wearer. 
 
 The general color of all the coats, vests, trousers, 
 and ties are black. However, variations in color 
 may be adopted. 
 
 Tableau V. 
 
 La Fayette is wearing a coat that falls only about 
 two inches below his waist. If it were buttoned it 
 
 (23) 
 
would be rather close-fitting, but it is not worn but- 
 toned by the Marquis. It has a row of buttons on 
 either side, which extend only half way up the 
 front. The lower point of the lapel begins imme- 
 diately above the top button. The bottom of the 
 coat is straight in the front with a swallow tail in 
 the back. The vest is a very tight-fitting afifair 
 which presents a straight line across the waist of 
 the Marquis. The long row of vest buttons are 
 fastened only half way up. Above the vest may be 
 seen the linen frill and stock, while the collar is 
 seen to turn over in short points at either side. 
 
 The trousers are full at the top, tapering slightly 
 towards the bottom, and are ample in length to al- 
 low a slight drooping on the shoes. 
 
 The costume of Governor Pickens is similar to 
 that of LaFayette in some respects. The greatest 
 difference is in the coat and neckwear of the two. 
 Pickens's coat comes down to his knees all around. 
 He wears a high collar with turned over edges and 
 a bulky black bow. The white linen front of his 
 shirt may be seen, while that of LaFayette was hid- 
 den by his neckwear. Governor Pickens is holding 
 a high top hat in one hand. The rest of his costume 
 is similar to LaFayette's : the straight vest and 
 the trousers. 
 
 LaFayette may be wearing a high top hat. 
 
 The military uniforms of the day were : Coatees, 
 nankeen breeches, and leather caps with bell 
 crowns. 
 
 The coat collars of the officers were very high 
 standing affairs, which came to the tip of either 
 ear, being open in front. They stood up from the 
 shoulder very stiffly. Under this collar could be 
 seen the white shirt collar and the linen frill. There 
 
 (24) 
 
were short lapels of a lighter color than the coat 
 (the coat was generally blue while the trousers, 
 collar, and all trimmings were white or buff.) The 
 officers wore tassel chevrons and had straps across 
 their chest. 
 
 Tableau VI. 
 
 The men's costumes on this occasion were : The 
 long knee-length coat ; the neat low vest, with slight 
 lapels on it ; the straight, lengthy trousers ; the 
 standing collar, which may either turn over or not ; 
 and the bow tie (at this time the bow varied in 
 thickness from the thin ribbon-like bow to the thick 
 bow of about two and a half inches in width.) 
 
 The women's costumes at this time consisted of: 
 a very full hoop skirt, with tucks and panels in it ; a 
 small bonnet ; and, occasionally, a small lace-trim- 
 med parasol. The waist of the dress was compar- 
 atively small and rather high. The top line of most 
 of the dresses was just above the bosom and below 
 the shoulders. The sleeves were little straps, puffs, 
 or a combination of the two, with variations. These 
 sleeves generally came below the shoulder and were 
 very meagre. 
 
 One style of hair dressing for ladies at this time 
 was that of parting the hair in the middle, the 
 slight puffiing of it over each ear, and the small 
 knot at the back of the head. Mrs. Davis is known 
 to have worn this style of coiffure. 
 
 The small boys wore straight, long trousers and 
 short jackets, with soft round collars. Their head- 
 gear was a small round hat or little cap. 
 
 The small girls wore dresses similar to the ladies* 
 clothes, but shorter and having more ruffles and 
 lace. The girls are seen to be wearing long panta- 
 lets. 
 
 (25) 
 
Tableau VII. 
 
 1. William Weatherford (Red Eagle) is wear- 
 ing a buckskin hunting shirt, trousers and mocca- 
 sins, which are fringed. His headgear is an elab- 
 orate headdress of feathers. 
 
 2. William Rufus King's costume is the same as 
 that of the men described in Tableau VI. 
 
 3. General Wheeler is dressed in the Confeder- 
 ate General's uniform : the knee-length grey coat, 
 with a double row of buttons down the front and 
 with white cufifs and collar ; and the straight grey 
 trousers. He may be holding a hat, which is turn- 
 ed up on the left side and decked with plumes. (His 
 beard extends about an inch below his chin and his 
 mustachios are short.) 
 
 4. Raphael Semmes wears a standing collar ; a 
 broad, black, bow tie ; a stifT-bosomed white shirt ; 
 a double-breasted blue coat, with grey stripes 
 around the cufifs of the sleeves and with broad la- 
 pels ; and straight blue trousers. 
 
 5. John Tyler Morgan wears the dress of the 
 recent or modern senator : full, long, black coat ; 
 and full, long trousers. He may or may not have 
 on a black felt hat. His collar is a standing collar 
 and his tie ma}^ be *'four-in-hand" or bow. 
 
 6. Hobson has on the uniform of the United 
 States Naval Lieutenant : The blue jacket, with 
 black inch-wide finishing on the collar, either side 
 of the front, and the bottom and cuffs of the jacket. 
 On either side of the front of the jacket's collar 
 there is a small single bar of rank. Back of the 
 jacket's collar may be seen a white standing collar. 
 Hobson's hair is parted in the middle and his mus- 
 tachios are full. His trousers are straight blue na- 
 val trousers. 
 
 (26) 
 
7. Gorgas is wearing the modern United States 
 General's uniform : the khaki trousers, the leather 
 boots, khaki jacket, and the General's star on either 
 shoulder. 
 
 8. BuUard wears an overseas cap, a Sam Brown 
 belt, several service stripes, several medals, and the 
 usual insignia and uniform of a Lieutenant General 
 in the United States Army. 
 
 Tableau VIII. 
 
 The soldiers wear helmets, wrap leggins, khaki 
 trousers, khaki jackets, and occasionally a Croix de 
 Guerre or a Distinguished Service Medal. 
 
 The "Rainbow Girls" wear dresses made up of 
 horizontal and broad bands of various colored 
 cloths. Their caps are lavender and in the shape of 
 the French liberty caps. They carry baskets of 
 roses, with ribbons hanging from the baskets. 
 
 (Note : In describing these costumes I was 
 gretly aided by Belles, Beaux and Brains of the 
 Sixties, Two Centuries of Costumes in America, 
 and History Stories of Alabama.) 
 
 (27) 
 
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 S80 
 

 
 
 
 
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