J?^ 1^ M— ' . v . »-» LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA f- A ; ^ Chap. Shell PRESENTED BY t^t^ ^}lt proper (g 4i /^i^-z^/z: -a FIRST LESSONS IN GREEK JLOATTEDTO HADLEY'S Gl&EK (UlAMMAK, iNTRonrr-Tiox to XEv,')rn(A'^ wabasks JAMES n. liOISE, Ph. D. .'!?«»".' TYERBITY OF OnrOAOO, . ITTOH OF wNABAJdlS. 11^ i JIWT set BOOKS OF m«»x«. U.IAT^, RHX REVISED AND CORRECTED. CniOAGO : S. C. GRIGGS k COMPANY 1872. 74870 ISntered according to Adt of Congress, in the year 1870, by s. c. GRiaes & CO., In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States for the Uorthom District of Illiiioia, c PREFACE Tde following exercises are intended, as the title-pago indicates, to prepare the beginner in Greek for the study of Xenophon's Anabasis. While therefore the aim has been to furnish a sufficient amount of grammatical knowl- edge, so that the learner may enter successfully, and with- out too sudden a transition, upon the study of a Greek author, the fact has not been lost sight of that too many difficulties are often placed in the path of the learner at the very outset. I am encouraged to hope that the end has been attained ; and, at the same time, that the error of condensing too much into too limited a period of study has been avoided. These exercises were written for a class in the preparatory department of this University, and have been found, for this class at least, to involve grammatical information sufficient for an introductory work ; nor has the transition from one exercise to another, or from these exercises to the Anabasis, seemed to be too abrupt. It will be perceived that the object of this work is not to familiarize the learner with the more difficult rules of syntax, but with the ordinary inflections of words, such as occur in Attic prose. It is no small attainment when one ^^ ^HHp preface. has learned to put together correctly and easily the arti- cle, the adjective, and the substantive ; and to perceive in- stantly the force, either by the eye or by the ear, of the different cases and numbers, with or without the article ; and, in the verb, of the different modes, tenses, voices, numbers, and persons. A judicious use of these exercises will do much towards the attainment of this end. They are purposely made as simple as possible, that a greater num])er of forms may be involved, and that repetition — a grand secret in the acquisition of any language — may be carried to as great an extent as practicable. Should any teacher find them too long, they can be abridged by omit- ting a few of the sentences in each exercise. It is hoped, however, this will not be found necessary. It is but just to say, that in the plan of the work and in the preparation of the separate exercises, many useful hints have been ob- tained from Harkness' Introductory Latin Book, — a work combining simplicity and perspicuity with exact scholar- ship and practical utility in a very rare degree. Much knowledge, which the learner is supposed to have acquired in the study of that work, is presupposed in this. No attempt has been made in the following exercises to indicate with exactness the leno-th of the lessons. This must vary considerably with different classes according to their age and capacity ; and should be left to the good judgment of the teacher. Every experienced teacher knows that nothing is gained, and very much lost, by hur- rying over the rudiments of any study. The great danger, especially in our country, lies in too great haste ; rendering PREFACE. V all the acquisitions, both of teacher and of pupil, inaccurate and supei;ficial. The constant use of blackboards, extensive enough for an entire class, cannot be too strongly recommended. Nothing else will secure entire accuracy, particularly in the accentuation. The practice of writing the inflections, and the Greek sentences in the advance lessons, on the blackboard, and of reciting those in review orally — with as much promptness, accuracy, and distinctness as possible i— is perhaps the best method. The derivations of Greek words which are not primi- tives, and of English words from the Greek, are occasion- ally given ; yet much in this field has been purj)osely left to the teacher. Much also of this work may better be postponed till a later period in the study ; as the mastery of the inflections should be the first object, and receive nearly undivided attention. -* Few directions are given in this work for parsing; partly, because it is supposed the learner has already studied Latin, and may in Greek adopt the same methods with which he has already become familiar ; partly also, because the old, humdrum, mechanical system of parsing may be carried to a very injurious extent. While in many schools it has been entirely neglected, to the ruin of all thorough and exact scholarship, in a few, and those among the best in the country, it has probably occupied too much time, at the expense of familiar and varied exercises in the construction of phrases and sentences. The more con- stantlv these latter exercises are resorted to, under a skilful VI PREFACE. and wide-awake teacher, who really understands Greek, the more rapid will be the advancement of the learner^ the greater his interest in the study, and the more accu- rate, critical, and thorough his knowledge. On reaching the verb, the learner will find his exclusive attention given for some time to this alone, without in- volving other parts of speech, or any rules of syntax. The author believes that if this plan is adopted and faithfully carried out, it will secure greater familiarity with the forma of the verb than is usually attained, with even less than the usual difficulty. The admirable development of the verb by Professor Hadley, carefully and patiently followed through to the end, secures a most perfect mastery of the subject. For the sake of variety, a few other verbs are introduced into the exercises besides Xrw, which is not quite perfect as a paradigm, on account of the irregularity in the quantity of the stem (Gr. 420, 3). Although rto) is not used in Attic prose, yet it has been introduced into the fol- lowing exercises, in connection with Xvo)^ on account of the regularity and simplicity of the forms. The vorb PovX€v(Dj which in its mere forms serves so well as a para digm, does not present quite so clearly to the mind of tha beginner the distinction between the active and middle voices; and hence is not introduced among the earlier exercises on the verb. It is to be regretted that, iii some works for beginners in Greek, a false, or at least highly improbable, meaning is assigned to the active voice of this verb. (See Liddell and Scott's Greek Lexicon, PovXevu), III.) PREFACE. VU In tlie mode of writing pp (without the breathings), the usage more prevalent in Germany witliin the h\st few years has been followed. If any teacher prefers, he can require his pupils to write pp (with the breathings). Tlie acute accent is preserved before a comma; although the most recent usage, as seen in the editions of Teubner, seems to favor the depression of the acute accent, when followed by a pause no longer than a comma. Throughout the entire work, the English exercises (to be turned into Greek) have been so constructed that the learner will derive essential aid from the Greek sentences immediately preceding. In this way, questions in respect to arrangement, and many other points, may at once be practically settled. Xo previous work of the author's has been offered to tiio ])ublic with such unfeigned diffidence ; partly, because no two teachers pursue the same method in beginning a language; but chiefly, because some experience has proved the difficulty of avoiding imperfections and real blunders, which are very humiliating. To those many friends who have so kindly encouraged the author in the present and in former efforts, sincere tlianks are here offered. JAMES R. BOISE Cmvkrsitt of CuiCAOO, June, 1870. CONTENTS. PiQfl Preliminary lessons in orthography and euphony 1 IxFLKcnoN. § 1. First Declension ( A -declension • 2 Exercise I. Fcuainines 2 Exercise II. Feminines (Continued i 4 § 2. First Declension (Continued). . 7 Exercise III. Masculines 7 § 3. Second Declension (O-dec'ension) 9 Exercise IV. Masculines 9 § 4. Secoxd Declension (Continuet nt-rf. sv>toiii. ricf 54 Exercise XXIX r> 1 § 29. Verbs (Oontinuedj. Synopsis of ihe mid. and passive voices. Inflection of the pres. system mid. (pass.). . . 55 Exercise XXX 55 § 30. Verbs (Continued). Fut. system, mid. Future perf. and 1st fur. pass. First aor. mid. 57 r e XXXI 57 §31. \ *.».«o (^Continued*, r^t-f. system, mid. (pass.). First aor. pass 58 Exercise XXXII.. 58 §32. Verbs (Continued), iiio purlicipkti. 59 Exercise XXXIII GO § 33. Verbs (Continued). Second aor. sy^'tcm, act. and mid. Second perf. system, a« ♦ ! Exercise XXXIV 02 § 34. Veiibs (Continued). Second pass, system ♦',;> Exercise XXXV 03 Exercise XXXVI. A general review of the pyuopsis and inflection of the verb ^ t § 35. Verbs (Continued). Contracts in auj. Aci 05 Exercise XXXVII 05 § 3C. Verbs (Continued). Contracts in aw. Mid. (pas C6 Exercise XXXVII ' . 66 § 37. Verbs (Continued;. v.uiura'jLs lu tu). Act. G8 Exercise XXXIX 08 § 38. Verbs (Continued). Contracts in tat. Mid. Tpass.) .... 69 Exercise XL. . 09 §39. Verbs (Continued;, v^uuiracis in oo). Act. aim niiLi. (pass.) - 70 Exercise XU 70 XU CONTENTS. PAGB § 40. Yeebs (Continued). Principal parts. Pure verbs Tl Exercise XLII 72 § 41. Yerbs (Continued). Principal parts and mode of for- mation. Pure verbs (Continued). Mute verbs 74 Exercise XLIII 75 § 42. Veebs (Continued). Principal parts. Mute verbs (Con- tinued). Liquid verbs 70 Exercise XLIY 77 § 43. Yeebs (Continued). Perf. mid. (pass.), and first pass. systems of reXeco, oreXXo), (j)aLV(o 78 Exercise XLY 79 § 44. Yeebs (Continued). Perf. mid. (pass.), and first pass. systems of piTrrco, dXXao-o-o), iXey^co and TTCiSo) 79 Exercise XLYI 80 § 45. Keflexive pronouns. Eeciprocal pronoun 81 Exercise XLYII 81 § 46. Yeebs in MI. Act. and Mid. (pa'^s.) of tI^tjul 82 Exercise XLYIII 83 § 47. Yeebs in MI (Continued), didcofxi, 84 Exercise XLIX 84 § 48. Yeebs in MI (Continued). Ictttj^h. 85 Exercise L 85 § 49. Ybkbs in MI (Continued). dcUuvfxi. Aor. act. and mid. of T^rj^jiL 86 Exercise LI 86 § 50. Yeebs in MI (Continued). Ao*r. act. and mid. of dldcofiL. Aor. act. of IdTrjjxt. and of Sua>. Second perf. system of Ig-ttjixi 88 Exercise LII .' 88 § 51. Yeebs in MI (Continued). Principal parts of TiS^/xt, St- dcDjJil^ IcTTTJfJLLj and deLKUVfll 89 Exercise LIII 89 § 52. The verb trj^i 91 Exercise LIY 92 § 53. The verb el/jLc 94 Exercise LY 94 § 54. The verb elui 96 CONTENTS. Xm PAOB Exorcise LVI 96 § 65. ylyvofiai aud other verbs 99 Exercise LVII 99 g 56. The verbs iccl/iai, ^^«i, icdSiy/iai 101 Exercise LVIII... 102 § 57. SnoKT Sentences fkum iu£ AxABA^iis 103 Exercise LIX 103 Exercise LX 105 Exercise LXI . 108 Exercise LXII.. 110 Exercise LXIII ..113 Exercise LXI V .116 ExercLjeLXV.. 119 Exercise LX VI . 122 Gek£Ral Vocabclaiu 125 English — Greek 1 25 Greek— English . . 131 EXPLANATION OF THE PRINCIPAL ABBREVIA TIONS USED IN THIS WORK «^S/W\/^/S/S/VNi^^'VS/^^*V^Ni'>aA^%A^^A^N^>^>^^ Att Attic. cf. . . . . i Lat. confer — compare, see. cogn cognate. comm common or commonly. const construction. enclit enclitic. ff. , and the following. fr.. from. Gr Grammar. Hadley. KT6 KOL TO. €T€pa = Ct CCtCra. lit literal or literally. obj object. perh perhaps. sc Latin scilicet — ^understood. S. Gr Smaller Grammar. Hadley's Elements of the Greek Language. subj subject. usu usual or usually. w with. The remaining abbreviations are thought to be so obvious as to require no explanation. PRELIMINARY GRAMMAR LESSONS. Note. — Only the coarse print is to be learned at first. This should be learned tliorougUi/^ and re- viewed from the beginning with each advance lesson, until the learner reaches the Nouns. The Alphabet, Gr. 5 ; S. Gr. 3. Vowels, Gr. 7 — 10, inclusive ; S. Gr. 4. Diphthongs, Gr. II — 13, inclusive; S. Gr. 5. Breathings, Gr. 14, 15; S. Gr. G. Consonants, Gr. 16 — 21, inclusive; S. Gr. 7. S, 9, 10, 11. Elision, Gr. 70, 71, 72; 8. Gr. 40, 41, 42. Final Consonants, Gr. 74 ; S. Gr. 46, 47. Movable Consonants, Gr. 78, 79 ; S. Gr. 43. Piore Vowels and Syllables, Gr. 85 ; S. Gr. 48. Quantity, Gr. 86, 87, 88 ; S. Gr. 49, 50, 51. Accent, Gr. 89, 91, 93, 94, 95, 100, 101, 103, 104, 105, 107, 108, 111 ; S. Gr. 48, 52, 53, 54, 55, 59, 62, 64, 65, 66, 69. Punctuation, Gr. 113; 6. Gr. 70. 2 riRST GREEK BOOK. Inflection, Gr. 114, 115, 119, 120, 121, 122; S. Gr. 71, 72, 73, 74. § 1« PiRST Declension (A-declension), Gr. 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 130, 131; S. Gr. 75, 76. Exercise I. (Feminines.) Note 1. — In all the following vocabularies, make the Greek words with their signifieations perfectly familiar. Learn each of the Nouns so as to decline it orally with the proper accent of each form, and also so as to write it on the blackboard, always with the appropriate accents in all the forms. Both processes are indispensable to perfection in scholar- ship. Sections in the Gr. 121, 126, 127, 128, 130, 131 ; S. Gr. 73, a, b ; 75, a, b ; 76, a, b, are fre^ quently forgotten, and the learner will need to be reminded' of them very often. Vocabulary. }] yXcjaaay Attic yXcoway the tongue^ the language (English syllable from it, glot, in polyglot^. Tj ri^'sQu^ the day. fj d^vQUy the door (German Thtlr). (Jj). xaL and. FIRST DECLENSION. 6 f) oiyAa, a;, the house (Eng. syllable oec. in occon- omy). 6q(o^ I see. t) Ox/a, the shadow. 7) z^oQcz, the land, the country. Note 2. — The teacher should sometimes give the Greek words, and sometimes the English, in the vocabularies ; requiring the learner to give promptly the corresponding Enghsh or Greek definition. Note 3. — The Greek language has only the de- finite article, o, //, to, which, in all genders, num- bers, and cases, is rendered the. A noun without the article is indefinite, and, if in the snigular, is often rendered into Enghsh by the indefinite article a ov an. E. g. xf^vQUy a door ; /) iJlqu, the door. Note 4. — ^The Greek genitive case, like the Latin, may be rendered into English by the preposi- tion of; the dative, by to or for. See also Gr. 544, 558, and 498 (the fine print) ; S. Gr. 390, 402, 352 (fine print). Pronounce the Greek; translate; and tell whert en nil form is made. 1. XcoQCiZ. Tt]4 /co(J(jC^. 2. rXcorrrj^. t}]2, yAcor^ Tfjg. S. X(o()cc. Tj^/cooa. 4. rXcoTTji. rf^ yXcoTTt}. 5. Xcofjcov. rdiv /coQcov. G. J^Xcottcjv. rdiv yXcor- Toiv. 7 Oi}{iu^. rij^ oixiu2. 8. Oixiav oqco. riiv oixiav OQCO. 9. Ta; dvQU^ xai rag oixiag 4 FIRST GREEK BOOK. 6()c5. 10. Ol;^iccg (Gr. 558; S. Gr. 402) &uqcc. 11. Tijg oi^ciag ttjv &vQav oqcj. 12. Tciv oI^clojv rag -d^vqag oqco. Translate into Greek. 1. I see a shadow. I see the shadow. 2. 1 see a shadow of a door. I see the shadow of the door. 3. I see houses. I see the houses. 4.<^4see a door of a house. I see a door of the house. 5. I see a shadow of the house. I see the shadow of a house. 6. I see the doors of the houses. 7. The language of the country. The languages of the countries. 8. I see the house, and the door, and the shadow. 9. Of a day. Of the day. 10. Of days. Of the days. 11. To or for the day. To or for the language. 12. To or for the days. To or for the languages. Exercise II. (Femmines continued.) Vocahulary. rj ajua^cCy . . . . ^ t/ie %oagon. T] dca&rj?fri^ . . . • the testament sr, preposition with the dat. only, in, among. /} OaXaOOa^ Attic &aXaTTa, . the sea. /} Xaaiva^ .... the lioness. r) /Ltd^rj^ . . . • . the battle. i] Movaaj ... the Muse. FIRST DECLENSION. C Declension of afic(^a. The learner (and teacher as well) should note with the utmost care the chancres in accentuation of this noun, and of all proparoxy tones of this declen- sion ; as O^dXuTTcc and 'kbcciva. Sing. Noni. aucclu (Gr. 130; S. Gr. 75, b). Gen. ^nuiu; (Gr. 12G; 93,b; S. Gr. 76, a; 5t,b). Dat. ccuut]^. Ace. lifialuv (Gr. 131, 1:20; S. Gn 75, b; 73). Dual. N. A. V. ujiiu^a (Gr. 131 ; S. Gr. 75, b). G. D. ciud^(en\ Plur. N. uua^ac (Gr. 95, a; S. Gr. 55). G. (iiuci(oy (Gr. ^2S ; S. Gr. 7fi, b). D. UJt/U^CCl^. A. ccfid^a; (Gr. 1?>1 ; S. Gr 75. b). Obs. — Gr. 95, a; :5. Ur. 55, does not apply to fu and oi when followed by a consonant in the same syllable. They are not then '* final'* ilence dau' Scccvy d/jci^ai^ (not dfiuiacVy ccfi(4^uc^\ N. B. — ^\Tien a substantive with the article has another substantive depending on it in the genitive, three different forms of expression are admissible ; e. g. the door of the homey t) rij^ oiyf/ag \}vQay or 6 FIRST GREEK BOOK. 7) dvQa 7) rfjg ol^lag^ or // d^vqa rrjg oi?ciag. In the last form, the gen. may also stand first, rtjg oixiag rid^vqa, Gr. 531 (fine print) ; S. Gr. 380, c. Pronounce the Greek; translate; and tell where each form is made. 1. At Tojv ol?acov ^vQac. 2. "IJ yXojTTa f] rcov JM0V6COV. 3. "^H /ua^rj TCjv Xeacvcov. 4. ^Ev rfj Tcov Xaacvcov /ua/ji. 5. ^Ev rfj dca&rj^rj, 6. T/)p Tcov Xtatvcov f.(a^rjv oqcj, 7. Ev ralg d/Lia^aig. 8. 'Ev rfj jfaXarrr]. 9. Tijg rjjusQccg. rrjg ^aXav- rrjg. 10. Ti^g olxlag. rrjg d/nd^rjg, 11. TfiriubQa, rfj djLia^rj. 12. T7)v d^a^av oqco. rdg df^ia^ccg OQG). Translate into Greek. 1. I see the houses and the doors. 2. I see the doors of the houses. 3. To or for the doors of the house (arrange in three ways^ according to the forms alidm given ^ under N.B.^. 4. In the country. In the house. 5. In the houses of the country. 6. In the testament. In the testaments. 7. In a battle. In the battle. 8. In battles. In the battles. 9. In the battles of the Muses {arrange in three icays) 10. In the shadow of the house. /TlT' In the shadow of the door {arrange 10 and 11 in three icays). 12. Of wagons. Of the wagons. 13. I see wagons, I see the wagons. 14. In the sea. Of the sea 15. Among lionesses. I see the lionesses. FIRST DECLENSION. / § 2. First Declension (Continued). Mascaline Nouns : Gr. 133, 134, 135 ; S. Gr. 77. Exercise 111. Vocahulary. 6 8i(hTorri;, ov, the master (Eng. despot). 6 ^Qtri];, ov, the judge (Eng. syllable crit- in critic, etc.). 6 vtavia^j ov^ the young man. oixco, I live y I dwell. 6 d:i)urf];j ouy the heamj-anned soldier, the hoplite. 6 zioliri];, ov, the citizen (^g. pditic, political, etc.). r 6xt]vliy /};, the tent (Eng. scene), 6 OTQccTuornZy ov, the soldier (Eng. syllable ^//-/zMn strategy y etc.). o Tccuia^j ovy the steward. xoLvr]; is declined as follo\xs: Sing. Dual. Phir. ^ XQLTt'lZ TCQLTa '^QLTUL XQtVOV XQCTUlv y.QiVCOV xQtxri xQLTalg xQcrip XQira^ xntrd XQLTCCC 8 FIR^TJGEEEK BOOK. Vcs. Pronounce the Greek ; trar^lo^e into English ; and parse. 1. ^Ev rfi ol?cia rov ^qctov oi^co. 2. Tag rciv CTQaTLCOTCov 6?crjvag oqco. 3. Tovg o^iXlrag oqco. 4. 'Ev ralg oxrivalg ralg tcov tvoXctcjv oIxcj. 5. Tov ra/ulav OQCj. 6. 'H tov dta7t(!>TOV a/ua^a. [^ 7. ^H dcai^r]xi] rj tov dtOTiOTOV. 8. ^Ev tjj tcov 6:iXcT(^v fiazrj. (^9. Trjv a/ua^av tov vtaviov oqgj. 10. Tcov OTQarccoTcov Tag ccfcd^ag oqoj, 11. 'Er Tfl TOV OTQaVLCOTOV 6XY]Vr]. 12. Ta TtoXlTT]. T^ Taf.ua. Tolg noXlracg, Tolg Ta/ulacg. 13. Tolg xQiralg. Tovg xQcra^^ xa\ Tovg noydxag^ koX Tovg dbOTvorag oqco. Translate into Greek, 1. In the wagon of the soldier {arrange in three wap). 2. In the wagons of the soldiers. 3. I live in the house of the judge. 4. The testament of the young man. 5. I see the steward and the judge in the tent (order of the Greek words : In the tent, the steward and the judge, I see). 6. To or for the judge. To or for the judges. 7. I see the judge. I see the judges. 8. To or for the citizen. To or for the citizens. 9. I see the citizen. I see the citizens. 10. I see the judge. I see the judges, 11. To or for the steward. To or for the young man. 12. I see the master in the shadow of the -^y^^ SECOND DECLENSION. 9 house. 13. I live in the"tec[te-'Of tlie soldiers. 14. I see the soldiers and the tents. 15. I see the masters and the houses. § 3.\^EC0ND Declension (0-l)eciension). Gr. 138; S. Gr. 78, 80. J Exercise IV. (jMascuhne Nouns.) Vocabulary. av&()co:io^y (D\^5^ l^ic man. Lat. homo, /3io;y ovy 6y the life (Eng. hio- in biof/raphi/y etc.). ti:; (Gr. 103, b ; S. Gr. 04, b), prep. w. ace. only, into^ into the midst of, 8Vy prep. w. dat. only, in^ in the midst of anion//. &i6g, ov, 6 (Gr. 141 ; S. Gr. 80, b), the god (Eug. thco- in theolofjy, theocracy^ etc.). ^ivSvro^, ovy 6y the danger. voLio^j ovy Oj the laWy the order (Eng. -nowy in astronomy y economy^ etc.). rroyog^ ov^ 6, the labor. 7ioTafi6;, ov, 6 (N. B.— Gr. 121 ; S. Gr. 73, a, b), the river. CTQccvrr/nz^ oif, o, the general (Yn^. strategy^ etc.). 10 FIRST GKEEK BOOK. Pronounce the Greek; translate into Bnglish^ and parse. 1. ^O /?/o^ Tov S^aov. 2. 'Ev rfj o^rjvfj top OTQavrp/ov Hol tov OTQaTccovrjv 6q(d. 3. ""O tov OTQavrjyov novog, 4. 'Ev Tolg OvQaTccovacq xccl ev Tolg 6TQaTriyoTg. 5. Eig Tovg OvQaTccoTCxg xai sig Tovg OTQaTTjyovg. 6. *^0 Trjg /Lidx^ig vo/uog. 7. TCOV &aCOV Ol VOjJiOL. 8. TCJV dv&QCOJTCOV Tccg oixiag 6qc5. 9. 'Ep jaig tcov Cvqarriycov 6xr]vaig oixoo. 10. ^E.v Tolg kLvdvvotg olxco. 11. ^Ev ToTg 6TQaTr]yolg, tig TOvg OTqaTriyovg. 12. ^Ev tco 7iOTcc/Li(S. eig tov Troia/iiovo Translate into Greek. 1. In the tent of the general. 2. Into the tents of the generals. 3. The life of the gods {arrange in as many ways as possible). 4. Among the rivers. I see the rivers. 5. Into the midst of the labors of the men. v6. In the midst of the labors of the men. 7. The laws of the gods. 8. In the danger. Into the danger. 9. In the dangers of the battle. Into the dangers of the battle. 10. I see the heavy-arm- ed men and the generals. 11. I see the men and the judges, 12. Among the men and the judges. SECOND DECLENSION. 11 § 4. Second Declension (Continued). Feminine and Neuter Nouns. Gr. 13S; S. Gr, 80. Exercise V. Vocabulary. 7) cifint/M^y ..... the vine. TO do)Qoy, ^'^ . . . • \* the (/if I, }) ijntigog, ..... tn&smain/and. r/ vr]r)og (Eng. nesia in Polynesia, etc.), the is/and. ;/ d(V):, . . the xcay, the road, the street. TO :TtSioy^ .... . ^ ^ the^Aain. TiXotoyy ^^ . . . -^Ny^^*^ tke^hoat. TO Translate into English. 1. 'Ev r/J 6(^cp. 2. V^r Tcct^ 680U. 3. Fig rijv odor. 4. Eig rug 6doi'/g. 5. ^Ey Taig Tijg xhcXar- Tfjg vt]6otg. 6. Tug viioovg ^ul Ttjv ijTttcQOv oqco. 7. ^Ey TO) Ttird/co oiyfco. 8. 7'u :vXoiu ru tcop Otquticotcov. 9. 01 :iOTUuol ay tco TttStO), 10. Tug ufintXoi'g 6q:o. 11. Tu tcov {hcov daigu. 12* ^Ey To7g nlo'iocg. Translate into Greek. 1. Of the street. In the street. Into tlie street. 2. In the streets. Amon^: the vines. 3. I see 12 FIRST GREEK BOOK. the vine. I see the vines. 4. In the island. In the islands. 5. Of the island. Of the vine 6. I see the island. I see the islands. 7. The gifts of the general. 8. In the boat. Into the boat. 9. In the boats. Into the boats. 10. I see the generals and the soldiers. 11. Among the soldiers, and among the generals. 12. I see the soldier and the citizen. 13. I see the boats in the river. 14. 1 see the streets in the plain. § 5. Adjectives of the Vow^l-Declension. Gr. 207; 207, Rem. a and b; S. Gr. 115; 115, a and b. Exercise VI. Vocahidary, ayad^oc^y dyai}f], clya&ov^ gooJ. ?ca^:6^, xaxr]j huxov^ had. ^alo^, xaJj]^ xaXov (Eng. Teal- in hcdeldoscojje^ etc.\ heautifal, honorable. /Lia^^QO^y /LiaxQcCy /LiaxQOVy long, fiLXQo^^ /j^LXQa^ /lu?cq6v (Eng. mic- in microscope, etc.\ small, cvvy prep. w. the dat. only (Eng. syn- and sym- in synagogue^ symmetry^ etc.), withy in company 7vith. SECOND DECLENSION. 13 (fiXcoZy (puiuy (fiXcovy . . . frieudlf/. Riile of Syntax, Gr. 493 ; S. Gr. 352. Translate info Englislt. 1. '0 dyad 6^ drO^QCoiog. 2. Tov ayaOov dvOqco-xov, 3. Tor dyaOov dv&Q(o:iov oqco. 4. ^vv Tco dyaOcp dr&{)co:i(o. 5. ^vv xa^oi<; dvOQCo^ noL^. 0. ^uv Tol^ ;fccxo}^ drOQCo.ioi^, 7. ' Ev yfuhj oixia, tv r// xcOSi oixiu. S. ' Ep rij fa^od oix/cc. 9. ^/f fia^cna 686^. rij; fia?cnd^ o()ov, 10. *'![ cftXicc y^conu. iv r/} cfiXui /J0()a, 1^ To ^uXov Scoooi^, 12. *0 dyaih)^ ^Qcvfj^, ruu (^'-: y/- ^ Xov:; x(u Tov; zioXtfiiov:; rov vtaviov ooco. 3. ^Ex ^^---.^-- 18 ^ riUST GREEK BOOK. rrJQ TvoAefuaQ tig rrjv (pLllav /^coqav. 4. ^Ev rfj oixla Tov dStXcfOV. 5. Tov /qv66v OTtcprxvov. 6. 01 TOV i7i:i;ov 6q)&aXfxoL 7. 'O tov Ovqazico- TOV ^dvarog, 8. Td tov cpiXov tqya, 9. *^i? dya&r) dg/r] tov OTQaTrjyov. 10. Ttjv yrjv xcti Trjv &aXaTTUV oqco. 11. At tcov 7io).t/uicov aTTi- ^ovXaL 12. Tcov Otquticotcov rj TQOcpr]. Translate into Greek, 1. The works of the friends and of the enemies. 2. Jn the hostile country. 3. The small pay of the good judges. 4. I see the golden crowns. 5. The death of the brothers. 6. I see the horses and the wagon. 7. I see the eyes of the lioness. 8. The government of the bad master. 9. Of the small land. 10. Of the plots. Of the nourishment. / § 9. Third Declension (Cons. Decl.). Gr. 151, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 160, 163; S. Gr. 84, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 92, 95. Stems ending in a labial or a palatal. Notice the quantity of the vowels in the case- endings. Gr. 154; S. Gr, 86. Exercise X. Vocahulary. 6 Ogd^, gen. Ona^^o^. the Tliracian, r \^ TQ*RD DECLENSION. 19 ^NJ^.9(;4^ gen. Tgr;;6; (Gr. 66,>a; S. Gr. 37, c), t/ie hair. , , o &o}Qai, gen. d^coQccxo;, the breast-plate. 4J. 6 xt'jQvi or ^//'(^i^^, gen. xtiQvxo;, the herald. S^QO, prep. w. the gen. only, before, in front of. -,) aal^tiyS, gen od?.:Tr/ro;, the trimjjet. 7) cpdluyl, gen. ^dlayya, the phalanx, the line of battle. p ,fvlai, gen. cpvldxo;, the loatchman, the guard. N«TE. «>(>/'i is ©ften used in the plur. when we ^ should use the sing. ; and hence, cd TQizt; may be translated thehair.^ S» the German die Ilaare, and the French ^^i^«^4^^^5^^5W^ii'-. are translated int« English Ijy^ie singular. X Translate into English. " 1. ITqu Tt)iJ vkb) Tou; (pvluy.ai oqm. 2. IJqv tFj; (pdlayy»; tov avQurriybv 6q&. 3. Al r^ U:tQV TQi/Ji. 4. 'Ev rfi T9C dyuOoy OQaxk •l?ila. 5. T6vi cfiliovi xh()v; ooa. 7. 'Ev rfi dh ray (fvhc^u 6qc5. 8. Ma?fQ^cv (fdlayyu ' oo'cZ. rii^' fzaxQch' cfcT^ya oQoy. 9. Tijv ZQvar,v Toi/a TOV ■t%ov OQCo. 10. Tdi Tcov 0Qax(5v (fdkayyag oqm. / v^v^ 20 ;ST GREEK BD0K. (^Sn Translate into Greek. /CZ) 1. I see the friendly guards before the house. 2. Of the silver trumpet. 3. I see the golden breast-plate's of the Thracians. 4. In fi^ont of the long phalanx. 5. I see the friendly heralds before the phalanx of the Thracians. 6j I see the beautiful hair of the horse. 7. I see the hophtes and the heralds in the plahi, 7 [II § 10. Third Declension (Continued). S/e??is ending in a Lingual Mute. A. Neuter Stems. Gr. 165, 166, 167, 16S ; 47, 155; S. Gr. 29, 87, 96. Exercise XI. Vocahularg. TO ydXa^ gen. yaXa^vo^ (Eng. galaxy) ^ the nulk. " ^SQUTO^ or x8Q0)^y the horn. '' /iisXcTO^y the honey. " ovo/Liaro^y the 7iame. " :iQayf.iccTO^y the deed, the affair. " OTOfxaro;^ the mouth. " aco/LiaTOQ, the body. " vduTog (Eng. hydro- in hydrosta* tics, etc.), the water. TO (pQbaQy gen. cfQbaTOZ^ the icell. TO X8Qa^^ TO /LteXcy TO OVOjLia^ TO TtQccyjua^ TO 6ro/Lia, TO OOJ/Liay \ CI ^ TO VO^ COQ, V TiJlRD DECLENSION. 21 TO cf(x)2y gen. (fcoro^ {Yt\^. pliot-\Xi 2^^^^f^P'^I^^^y^^^')^ the llrjht. Translate into English. 1. ToiJ xaXoif ocofiavoz. 2. 'JLv no /nvoc^ i)coaa>cc to ?faX6v Ocoficc roif OroaTicorov oqco. 3. Tec yninxi ybQarc. rcov uQyvQCov xtQurcoi', 4. To ^akov otOLiii. 'El' rco rij; Xtair)j^ Oro/LiaTC. 5. To uyaOov bvo/ja, G. Tov {)ovi' yaXa^ixoz ?c(u /Lib/uTO^ OQoi. 7. Toif ?fa7jnj cfcoro^, 8. Tu TlQUyflUTU T(x)V XfjQV^^COV. 9. To XCcXoV vScOQ ToO nOTf^ iif^^^i (^nfT) 10. Tn ;'/\,v» /•'>' rO) (fObaXL Translate into Greek. 1. Of the beautiful bodies. I see the beautiful bodies. 2. The golden horn. Of the silver horn. 3. I see the honey in the mouth of the Thracian. 4. The names of the heralds. 5. The milk and honey. 6. The stream of milk and honey. 7. I see the beautiful lidit. 8. In the silver light. 9. The water of the well. 10. The affairs of the Thracians. §11. Stems ending in a Lingual Mute (Continued). B. Masculine and Feminine Stems, Gr. 169, 171 ; S. Gr. 97 ; 97, a. For the dat. plur. Gr. 47, 48, 49, 50, 31 ; S. Gr. 29, 30 ; 30, a, 16. ! 22 first greek book. Exercise XIL Vocabulary. 6 ccQ^covy gen. ccQxovTOQy the ruler, tJte commander. 6 ysQcoVy " yeQOVTO^y the old 7nan. rj eXTvlg^ " aXTtidog, the hope. ij tQcQy " t()idogy the strife. 6 XScoy^ " XbovTogy the lion. ^j ^^^^5 ^' vv^rog, the night. 6 ovrioQvig^ gen. oQvc&og (Eng. ornitho- in ornitho* ' logy), the bird. 6 (ptvycovy gen. cfJtvyovTog^ the fugitive, the exile. ri xcxQig^ '' /jxQLTog (Eng. charity), the grace, the favor. Translate into English. 1. Al TGJV x)^tcov tQidtg. 2. TfiV tcov dv^Qco- Ttcov hQLV OQco. 3. Al Tov vtaviov aX:i:idtg» 4. Tovg xaTioi/g oQvc&ag oqco, 5. Tu tojv ytQOvvcjv Tigdy- /uarcc. 6. ^Ev rfj tcov ccq^ovicov a^t^vf]. 7. '0 Tcop cptifyovTCov Tiorog. 8. Tov Keovva ^ai rtjv 'kizccivav OQCO. 9. At TOV dyaO^ov ^qltov /cjcQiTtg. 10. 'llvv^ xdl T] Ti/LibQcc. 11. '^H /LiaxQa vv^. Translate into Greek. 1. Of the strifes. I see the strifes. 2. Of the birds. The tongue of the bird. 3. The hopes of the old men. 4. I see the shadow of the nio-ht. 5. The TUIRD DECLENSION. 23 favors of the good commanders. 6. Of the exiles. To or for the exiles. 7. 1 see the exiles in the street. 8. To or for the commanders. To or for the com- mander. 9. I see the commander. I see the com- manders of the heavy-armed men. 10. I see the commanders and the exiles. § 12. Third Declension (Continued). Stems endinrj in a LiqnUL Gr. 172 ; S. Gr. 98. S^jicojjuted stems in tQ. Gr. 173; S. Gr. 99. {The accentuation of these latter nouns rcqiiires very careful attention^. Exercise XIII. Vocabulary. 6 ccvtiQy^ gen. cirdoog, the man (Latin vir^. 6 {yi'iQy " ^HQo^y the tcild beast. ij OvyccTiiQy " dvyavQOZy the daughter. 6 /LiriVy '' fup'O^y the month. /) jLirjTtjQy '' /iDjTQo^^ the mother. 6 TcctTfiQ, " TiarQo;, the father. Titi&co^ a trans, verb, I persuade. 6 :iociu/jVy gen. i;oLUbvo^y the shepherd. 6 qnrcoQ, " Q/iTOQog (Eng. rhetoric, etc.), the orator. v:j6() (Eng. hyftr^y prep. w. the gen., above, in be- half of for the sake of. X' 24 FinST GREEK BOOK. Translate into English. 1. ""Ev TCp Tiedicp TOi/g Tvorjidvag oqco. 2. Toi/z ^f^TOQag ^iulrovg ocQ^ovrag Tcti&co. 3. Tr]Z }^(tlii4 f.u]TQ0Z TTjv ^a)Jjv SuyccTtQU Titl&co. 4. Tovg dyaid^ovQ Tvarsga:; xai rag dya&ag> [Ai^rtQa^; Tttid-co. 5. Tovg y.axovz dv8Qag sv rrj tov qrjro- ()og oixia oq^, 6. 'O /Lirjvog fica&og. 7. 01 f^iTjvtgy Tcov ftrjvcjv. 8. "^Ytisq tcov nareQcov xai Tcjv /Lij]T8Q0)v. 9. Ttjv TCOV dya&cov xat ^a'kcov TioXcTCov /jTjvaga ntixfco, 10. Tovg -d^riQag ev rfj y(yvy^cp ^copa OQco. 11. JEvv Tcp TarQl ri'jz ^a)J]g &vyaTQ6;. Translate into Greek, 1. In company with the good fathers of the beautiful daughters. 2. I persuade the mother of the good man. 3. In company with the orators and the shepherds. 4. Of the month. Of the months. 5. The small pay of the month. 6. In company with bad men. 7. In behalf of the father, and the mother, and the daughter. 8. In company with the wild-beasts. I see the wild-beasts. 9. I see the good man. 10. The deeds of the good man. 11. I persuade the daughters of the shepherd. § 13. Third Declension (Cgntinued). Comparative Stems m or. Gr. 174, 175; S. Gr. 100. TDIRD DECLENSION. 25 Stems ending in g. A. Stems in ^g. Gr. 176 ; 5. Gr. 101. B. Stems in ag, o;, cog. Gr. 181 ; S. Gr. 102. Exercise XIV. Eules of Syntax, Gr. 585, 586; S. Gr. 425, 452. Focabulary. ^ty.TuoVy /3bXrcoVy better. tioi{v), (Gr. 78, a. b. ; 79, b., (a.) ; 105, c. ; 107, 108 ; S. Gr. 43, 65, c. ; 66, 69, a.), thef/ are. e6ii(^v)y he, she, or it is. TO tv()ogy gen. aij()Ovg, the widt/ty the breadth. //, conj., after a comparative, than. 6 tjQcogy gen. ijocoog^ the hero. TO ?ca/.Xog, gen. xaXXovg^ the beauty. '* uhi^covy /iitt^ovy larger, greater. TO /LiFjxo;^ gen. /j.t]y€ovgy the length. TO Thl/og, " Tbi/ovg, the ivalL TO vipog^ " vifjovg, the height. Translate into English. 1 . Tov ccdtXcfOv uti^cov sOriv. 2. Tojv di%?.' ifoji- iJblTiovbg tloLv. (Translate the article in these and similar connections, as a possessive pron. : 1. his brother; 2. their brothers. Gr. 527, d. ; S. Gr. 377, d.). 3. Oi OToariojiuL to)V ccQ/ovrojv /StX- riovg tloiv. 4. To tvQog tov Tti/ovg ixtlQov tC)TLv 7] TO vifjog. 5. Tovg rjocoag iv Trj f-ta/Yi oqco. 6. To T(ov TbL/o-)v /urj;{og. 7. TLoXefj^iog aorc tov 26 FIRST GREEK BOOK. navQog. 8. 'O rjQOJC; TtoXc-ficog aOrc rcov xa^cov (fvXa^tcov. 9, ^i}.og sOrl rov aya^ov TiOL/navog. 10. To Tcov OQvi&cov xaXXog. Translate into GreeJc. 1. The daughter is larger than her mother. 2. The soldier is better than his general. 3. The height of the wall is. greater than its width. 4. The young men are better than the old men. 5. I see the long walls. 6. The height of the long walls is greater than their width. 7. In company with bet- ter men. 8. The beauty of the larger birds. 9. The mother is beautiful. § 14. Third Declension (Continued). Stems in c andv (simjple close vowels^. Gr. 185 ; S. Gr. 103. Sterns ending in a Di^ldliong. Gr. 189 ; S. Gr. 104. Read carefully Gr. 186, 190; S. Gr. 103, a.; 104, a. Exercise XV. Vocalulary. 6 /3aacXtvgy gen. /SaacXacogy the king. 6 or rj /Sovgy " /^oog, the ox, or tlie cow. Yi hvvautgy '' dvva^tcogy the power , tlie force. THIRD DECLENSION. 27 6 itQcv^y gen. Itfjuo^y the priest. 6 i/^dv;^ *' i/dvo;^ thejisli. t) vavzj " vbo)^ (notice the irregular accent ; the endhig -co;, standing for tlie earlier ending -oV. Gr. 190, Rem. f.), the shij). TO 6qo2, gen. oQovgy the mountain. /) .T/////, " ^^7H^ (1st ^t(AtVi^?)^the fountain, the source. i) nohz, gen. noltco^ (Gr. 96 ; S. Gr. 57), the city. Phrase, The sources of the river are in, etc. Greek idiom, The sources of ihe^ river are out of etc. Translate into Erylish. 1. ^i :niycu roif TiOTiifiou ix rou hfjoi/^ tioir. 2. 'O viO)^ ev Ttj "JioXtL ioriv. 3. Ti]q vtco; to pfa:A?.o^. 4. 7f rij^ nolto^^ hvvauiz. 5. 'Ev tcc noTULico Tov^ t/fyv^ OQco. G. Tov^ /3ov^ av t^ 68cp CTob too Ttl/OVZ Ttj^ 7t6?.iCOg OQCO. 7. 2^l/P TOi^ Tijgyrco(jr4g /SuOiXtvOcv. 8. 'O tov vtoj ItQthg fvr)) vfjOco eOrir. 9. "^H vcwg /ati^cov eoriv r] to rtXoTov, 10. ^vv T?i tov ^aoc).Uog dvva /Lite. 11. Al :io).tig €P TO) TT^dico tioiv. 12. Tag vavg Tt]g 7tO?.t(Og OQCO. Translate into Greek. 1. The sources of the rivers are in the moun tains. (See Phrase above.) 2. The sources of the river are in the country of the king. 3. The sources 28 FIRST GREEK BOOK. of the river are in the temple. 4. The ships of the king are larger than the boats of the city. 5. The priest is in the temple. 6. In behalf of the cities in the island. 7. In behalf of the power of the king. 8. I see the golden fishes in the silver stream. 9. Among the ships of the city. 10. Among the oxen of the king. 15. Adjectives of the Consonant-Declension, Gr. 211, 212 (stems in v), 213 (a few stems in ; .v), and in 214 learn now only ;/«(>/W^ ; S. Gr. 118,]) Exercise XVI. Vocabulary, ^a&v^, /Sa&ala, ^a&Vy . . . deep. l3aQv^^ ^uQtla^ /3aQv (Eng. bar- in barometer), heavy. /jQadv.]^ ^QccdtlUy ^Qaduy . . . sloiv. ^Qcc/v^^ ^Qaxtla^ (Sqa/v^ . . . short. kVQVi^ tvQblUy tvQVy . . • . wide. t/^co^ . . . . . . . I have, h^v^^ r)8tTay ri()v^ . . sioeet, jjleasant, delicious, -dav^a^ojy ..... I admire. /LtbXaQ^ fisXacva^ uaXav^ . . . black, 6 OIV02, gen. oLvoVy . . . . the wine. ADJECTIVES. 29 taxv;^ raxttUy ra/^v^ . . . swift, Jleet Xaqiti^y XUQitoaa, zocQit v^ graceful, pleanng. Translate into English. 1. 7J TjubQa r/dt/a iovtv. 2. ''Lin; op ^Qa8vp t/co. 3. Tov^: idQaStl; ii;.ioug ^ul t?)p [3aqtlav aua^uv OQco. 4. Oi l:i:vol ruy^tl^ tiotv, 5. Tov;, Tccytlg i[i;i;ovg ^avtid^co. 6. To rtlxo;, I^Q^^X^ aoTLv. 7. Tliv fiqaxuav ^(cl tvQtlav odov oqco. 8. f^iou. 6. ^H riutrtzQU /urirrjQ^ or /) l-ttivriQ i)/Luoy, 7. odg cfiAog, or 6 cflXoQ gov. 8. 'O v[.iizTtQO^ (piXo^y or o cpiXo^ vucov. D. J^o; (fiXo^y or cpiXo; gov. 10. ^Yf^tUtQo^ cfuXo^^ or cpiXoq, i)f,td)v {cL friend of your fl^. 11. IJoXXa ^^ xat dyad a ev rf] oixia jliov e^oj. * Translate into Greek, expressing each sentence in the several forms above given. 1. My friend. 2. A friend of mine. 3. Our friend. 4. A friend of ours. 5. Thy house. 6. A house of thine. 7. Your house. 8. A house of yours. 9. Thy brother. 10. A brother of thine. 11. Your brother. 12. A brother of yours. 13. I see your oxen. 14. I see oxen of yours. 15. lad- mire your liorses. 16. I see your wagon. 17. I see a wagon of yours. 18. I see many and evil things in our country. * The neuter plur. of the adj. is used in Greek as in Latin, \rhere we supply the \7ov^ things, E. g. TroXXa, many things, Lat. multa. § 20. Pronouns Contmued), Gr. 234; S. Gr. 134 {Intensive Pronouii). Gr. 239; S. Gr. 138 {^Demonstrative Pronouns). Gr. 38 FIRST GREEK BOOK. 538, a and b ; S. Gr. 382, c and d, are very im- portant statements, which are often forgotten. Exercise XXI. Note. This entire exercise requires unusual care and discrimination. It is very important to the sub- sequent success of the learner, and should be tho- roughly mastered. Vocahulary. Self (Gr. 669, a, b), . . avvo^y avrrj^ avro. With a verb in the sing., 1st pers. I myself, 2d pers. thou thyself, 3d pers. he himself In the plur., 1st pers. we ourselves, 2d pers. you yourselves, 3d pers. they themselves. In the oblique cases, when standing by itself, and not in an emphatic position, it signifies him, her, it; plur. them. If the position is emphatic, as at the beginning of its clause, it may be rendered as an intensive pron. him himself, etc. The same, . . 6 avTog^ rj ccvttj, to avvOy xrh- \ that is, wherever avroQ is directly preceded by the article, it signifies same, Lat. idem. This (sometimes rendered that^, ovrog, avtr/, tovto. This {this one here),^ . . o^t^ rjds^ rodt. That {the one yonder ) , . axtlvoi, extlvrj, extlvo. Rem. Of these three demonstratives, ohvoq is PRONOUNS. 39 the most common ; ovzo^ oftener denotes what pre- cedes ; bdty what follows. Translate into English. 1. AvTog 6 ^QtrrjQy or 6 xQirr]2, avrog, 2. '0 avTog xQLTr]c,. rov avrov ^qcttjv oqcj. 3. TovQ ^(jLTCcg avToijg oqco, 4. Tovg avroiiQ xQirag oqoj. 5. 'Y:;r^(> vcov avzcov civdQcdv. 6. "^YtiIq avTCov Tcov dvdQcov, 7. 2vv toIq avTolg di'8Qa6cv. 8. 2^vv avTOiQ TOig drdgdatv. 9. ^Ev rfj oixia avTOv OQco, 10. Hqo tov Tti^ovQ avrovg oqco, 11. AvTog Tovrov TOV dyhqa oqco. 12. Tavrrjv TTjv noXiv avTog z^^avjud^co. 13. Tavrag rdg TioXtig avTog -d^avLtaQco. 14. 'Ev ravrri rfj TioXtt oi^co, av ralg TioXtoc Tavracg. 15. ^vv rolg noXl- ratg TOVTOig. 16. ""Ynaq tovtcov tcov tioXltcov. 17. Tovg 7io)uTag Tovgds (Gr. 110; S. Gr. 68) S^av- /iid^o}, (^18. Toug TvoXhag sxtivovg S^avfxd^co. 19. 'H urjTTjQ avTOv (Gr. 538^ a; S. Gr. 382, d^ gen. of personal pronouns), 'ff (.iriTriQ avrfig. rj /^riTfjQ avTCov. 20. Ovrog 6 dvrjQ, or 6 dvrjQ ovTog. Translate into Greek. 1. The man himself. The same man. This man. 2. The city itself. The same city. This city. 3. The multitude itself. The same multitude. This multitude. 4. In the city itself. In the same city. In this city. 5. I see the man himself. I y I 40 FIRST GREEK BOOK. see the same man. I see this man. 6. I see the men themselves. I see the same men. I see these men. 7. I see the walls themselves. I see the same walls. I see these walls. 8. I see the cities themselves. I see the same cities. I see these cities. 9. In the cities themselves. In the same cities. In these cities. 10. I see his father. I see her father. 1 see their father. II. I myself see tiieiii in the house. 12. I see him in the street. § 21. Pronouns (Continued), and Nujv^erals. Gr. 243; S. Gr. 140 {Belative Proiu). Gr. 244 ; S. Gr. 141 {Interrog. and Iiidef, Pronouns). Gr. 255; S. Gr. 148 {Cardinal Numbers from I to 4). Exercise XXII. Vocabulary. tidoVy I saw. tig, 8vo^ TQu^y TbGOaQtg or rarraQtgy one, twOy three, four, ovde/g, ovda^aa^ ovdsvy no one, nobody, in the neut. nothing, og, 7]y Oy relat. pron., ivho, tchich, tohat. vig, Ti (Gr. 244, Eem. a ; S. Gr. 141, a), interrog, pron. loho, ivhich, what. PRONOUNS. 41 rij^, tI (Gr. 105, b; S. Gr. G5, b), indef. pron. so7ney any, certain ; in the masc. sing, used substantively, some 07ie, a certain one ; in the neut. sing, something, a certain part. Observe that riq interrog. always has the acute accent on the l in all the forms, and stands regularly first in its clause ; while tI;, indef. is regularly en- clitic, and hence very seldom stands first. Translate into English. 1. 'O avrb^ (xvr]Q, ov iv rfi ol^la Gov tl8ov (Gr. 503; S. Gr. 354). 2. 'H TvoXci sv f) oixci. 3. Tig v/Licov (piXoQ rov /3a6iXscog eovlv ; (Gr. 113 ; S. Gr. IQi^-ovSt}:; rjucov rod ^aOck'^co^, cplXog iorlv. 4. ]3aQ/3aQOv rtva ev rfi oixicc avvov tl3ov. 5. Tr); cpaXayyog re oqoj, 6. Av&qcotco^ rcg, av- x^QcoTioi Tivtg. 7. OvShq tcov TToXt/Liicov iv ravTYi Ti] TTo'ktt aoriv, 8. Tivtg tcov TzoXefxlcov av rfi y^coqa r)/Licov tiocv ; 9. Tcov TtoXeuicov rcvag ev rfj /^ojQcc v/Licop tloiv. 10. Elg tcov OTQarrjycov ccqcO- Tog sorcv. 11. TsTvaQCjcg jLitydXovg OQvtd'ag ev TCp nuQadtiOcp tl8ov. 12. 'Ev rfj olrila cxvrov ovdsva tidov. Translate into Greeh, 1. The same men, whom I saw in his house. 2. Who is better than the king ? 3. No one of the 42 FIRST GREEK BOOK. citizens is better than the good judge. 4. Some ^ of the citizens are worthy of golden honor. 5. I saw a certain man in your house. 6. I saw four gene- rals in the city. 7. One of the three men is bad. 8. A certain one of the men is very brave. § 22. Miscellaneous Examples. Exercise XXIII . Note. — Should any teacher find the work too extended, this exercise and the following can be omitted. Vocabulary. d8tXq)rjy Tjg^ ^^ a sister, diyvTiTog^ ovy rjy Aegyptus^ ^gypt- dQtTTjy fjQ^ r], virtue, goodness, valor. dsy conj. but, and ; answers to /nsv in the preceding clause (Gr. 862, I, a ; S. Gr. 585, a). htal^olriy rig, tj^ calumny (Eng. diabol-^. dcxacoavvr], rjg^ rj^ justice. tldog^ ovg^ tOj the appearance, the looks (Eng. syl- lable -ide, used so often in chemistry, as chlor- ide, etc.). biQrjvrjy rjg^ Tjj peace. * Recollect that rU, nvh (enclit.) is usually postpositive. MISCELLANEOUS EXAMPLES. 43 tTtacvog, ov^ 6 ^ praise, approbation. tx&qa^ ag^ ijy enmity. xaTOTVTQov^ ovy TOy a mirror. ^coXaxtia^ ag, r), flattery. Xaycog, coy 6 (Attic 2d declens.), a hare. fzaviccy ag^ rj, madness. fx6&r]y 7iZy fly intoxication.^ drunkenness. NtlXog, ovy 6y the Nile. naidtiay ag^ i), education. iiLGTOZy fjy ovy trustworthy. qi^Uy r^gy fjy a root. Oocpla, ccgy r), loisdom. ^ |fl 6r?]Xrjy Tjgy i)y a pillar. wk ra/nitlovy oVy rOy a treasury, r treasure^Kouse. raxvrjy rjg, i], art (Eng. technical). vTVPogy OVy 6y slccp , cpcXiuy cxg^ 7]^ friendship. (pcovrjy rjg, fjy a voice (Eng. phon- m phonetics, etc.). XaXxogy OVy 6] bronze, often rendered brass, ifjoyogy OVy o, blame, censure. ipvxf], Tjgy f], the soul {^w.^. psych- m jjsycholoyy). Pronounce the Greek ; translate into English ; and parse. 1. 'HciQerfj (Gr. 529; S. Gr. 378) aarccpcUag aTTjXr], 2. ITrjyJj ^al qiC,a OocpLcig s6tIv fj Tiaidaia (Gr. 535; S. Gr. 381). 3. 'H ju8&rj ri^g ^tavla; 44 FIRST GREEK BOOK. ^^QZ^i ^Otlv. 4. '^H natdtia TQOcpr] ipv/jig, (Gr. ^530; S. Gr. 379, a) eonv. 5. O vTivog torlv d()tX(f6g Tov id^avavov. 6. ^A();/rj cpL)aag fiev [Gr, 862, a; S. Gr. 585, a) 6 tTiacvog aoriy^ t/^d^ag di 6 yjoyog. 7. ^H AiyvTiTog dcogov sovl tov NalXcv. 8. Al ra^vac Tirjyal tlot tcov ?caX(x)v, 9. ^OXiyOL TfZv dvi^QcoTicov 60(foi dacv. 10. 'H ipv/j] ra/Lu- tlov eOTCv, dyadrj fj.lv tcov dya&coVy ^axr] ds tcov yfa^cov. 11. 'Ev tiQTjVYi /nav tvoXXoI tiac Xsovveg^ ev fid/}] da Xaycp. 12. 'O /^av X(^.X^6g xdroTtTQOv iarc Tov aidovgy 6 da olvog rov vov, 13. 'O f^av fiiog ^QCi/^vg aOTiv, rj da raj^vrj fiaxqd. 14. ""U ^{o'kaxtia dda7.cpr] aort rrjg dca^oXf^g. Translate into Greek. 1. Truth is the sister of justice. 2. Friendship is a gift of the gods. 3. True friends are worthy of golden honor. 4. Few (of) friends are trust- worthy in dangers. 5. In war, few (of) men are hons, in peace, many. 6. The honorable and good soul is a treasure-house of things (which are) honor- able and good. 7. Flattery and calumny are sisters. 8. Life is short, but art is long. 9. Honey is sweet, but the voice of a true friend is sweeter. 10 Censure is base, but flattery is baser. MISCELLANEOUS EXAMPLES. 45 § 23. Miscellaneous Examples (Continued) Exercise XXIV. • Vocabulary. .(davajoQy ov (Gr. 209, compound adjs. ; S. Gr 117), not subject to death, immortal (fr. a priv. and davuTo^. • alria, ag, i)^ a cause. aLTco;^ ia, tovy causing, occasioning, w. the gen. . dXka^ conj. hd, ysvoz.^ ov^y TOy race, kind. yXvxvZy tea, v, sweet (has nearly the same range of meaning with ^dvg). . Si^cccog, aid, atov (fr. hixr] justice^, just. . tidcolov, ov, t6^ an image (fr. ti8o;y that which is seen, a forni). . 8Xa;(c6Togy least, super, of oXiyog. tvOb/StcUy ag, r). piety. X r)ytf/cxjVy ovog^ o, a leader. i)dovriy rjg rj, pleasure. dvrjTogy 7]^ ovy mortal. '-iaQnog^ ojj, 6 y fruit. -^oXa^y axog^ 6^ a flatterer. ?.6yogy ovy Oy a loord, speech. o^V before a vowel ov?€, but before the rough breath- ing ov/y not. 46 iJllST GREEK BOOK. nd^y Ttdoay :vdv^ every^ all ; for irreg. accent, see Gr. IGO, Exc. b ; S. Gr. 92, Exc. b. :iiyCQO^^ dy ovy bitter. (hiovSalo:, aiay alovy earnest. ov/jfjovXo^y ovy 6y an adviser, counsellor. TSQipt^^ tco^y //, deity Id. ^^Qovo^y ovy Oy time. Pronounce the Greek ; translate into English ; and parse. 1. Aoyo^ dXrji^^rjQ xcd bixato;, iffv;(rj(; dycc&fjQ xai TtcOrrj:; tidcoXov sortv. 2. ^Bga^tla rsQipc^^ sorlv 7)dovfi; xaxfi^; (Gr. 572; S. Gr. 415). 3. 'H juav qiQu TTj^ Tcacdticc^ ncxqa aOvcVy ol 8s xuq- Tcol yXvxttg. 4. "^H yXcoTra noXkcov ^caxcbv airia * -r/'^o is declined as follows: [r\a^^ OOi^L av. x^AtvOaciLti av. x\xtK^vxOC[Xc av. i. oJ \vovy tXvoay XsXi{xa, sXsXv'^f^iK^ ' ^. J^Ertov^ ^jy^ lOay tittUcy at^Tl^tiy.^ 9. 'fice:^' Jfct/o?. Tpri^/ At/^6;-'^ r. (T )r. subjunc.) iav XtAvxco. lO./Eaj^'kl'ktyxQ. sav ^a.^/^ triOa Translate into Greek. ^ ad 1. I was ordering. I ordered. I have ordered. .. " 2. I am ordering. I shall order. 3. If I may M ordering. If I may or4er. If I may have ordered. y,^ VERBS. 51 4. I might be esteemip^. vl might esteem. I might have esteemed. 5. Td berOTdering. To or-^^er. 'Jo have ordered. Q). Be tndu Toosins:. Loose thou. 7. Be thou ordering. Order thou. 8. Be thou A esteeming. Esteeri> thou. 9. I was esteeming. I / ^esteemed. 10. J^Avas loosing. I loosed. I have loosed. 11. I had loosed. I had esteemed. I had ordered. 12. I 'S^m orderins:. I shall order. I ordered. I have ordered. § 26. Verbs (Continued). Inflection of the present system act. of Xvco. Gr. 270 ; S. Gr. 160. In like manner inflect the pres. system act. of tico and of xtXtvco. Exercise XXVIL Pronounce the Greek ; translate into English ; tell where each form is made ; and point out its several elements. See Note 1, Exercise XXVI. Note. — In telling where a finite verb is made, five particulars — tense, mode, voice, person, number — should be given. E. g. Xytiy pres. indie, act third, sing. Practice is requisite to give all the par- ticulars correctly and promptly. In describing an 53 FIRST GREEK BOOK. infinitive, three particulars — tense, mode, voice — are requisite. 1. AvbL (Gr. 352, a, fine print; S. Gr. 235, a). tXvtv (Gr. 79, a; S. Gr. 43). 2. 'Eav Ivri (Gr. 346, 347, R. a and b ; S. Gr. 233, 235, c). Ivoi dv (Gr. 348 ; S. Gr. 234). 3. Avhco, Xvuv (Gr. 352, d; S. Gr. 243). 4. Avovocv (Gr. 78, b ; 79, b; 48; S. Gr. 43, 30). avov, adv Ivcootv. 5. AvoLtv dv, %.vsTG)6av or Xvovrcov, 6. Avo/Ltev. sXvo/Litv. edv AvcojLttv. Avoc/ntv dv. 7. Avert. eXvtrt, edv Xvrive. Xvocre dv. Xveve. 8. AvecQ. elvec. edv XvriQ. Xvoc^ dv. Xve. 9. Tlovacv. ertov. edv t'icoOlv. rlocevdv. TcercoOav OT twvtojp. 10. KeXexJtv.. exeXevev. edv xeXevri. xtXevoidv. xeXtv- e Tco, — - Translate into Gfee/c. ^, 1. He is esteeming. He was esE^mmg. If he maybe esteeming. He might be esteeming. .Let him be esteeming. 2. They are ordering. They were ordering. If they may be ordering. They migbt be ordering. Let tliem be ordering. 3. Thou it ordering. Thou wast ordering. If thou may- » est be ordering. Thou mightest be ordering. Be thou ordering. 4. We are esteeming. We were esteeming. If we may be esteeming. We might be esteeming. 5. You are esteeming. You were esteeming. If you may be esteeming. You might be esteeming. Be ye esteeming. ' • -f :^. VERBS. 53 § 27. Verbs (Continued). Inflection of the fut. system active; Gr. 271 ; S. Gr. 161. Inflection of the 1st aor. system active; 272; S. Gr. 162. In like manner, inflect the fut. and 1st aor. systems act. of rico and ^tltvco (jiaco^ Exercise XXVIIL Prmnunce the Greek ; translate iiito English ; and ^^ tell where each form is made. 1. TiotL. Tiooc av. TtOovOtv. rlooctv av. 2. TiOtiZ, TiOOiZ av. TiOare. rioocvb av. 3. Kt}.tvo- /iitv. xtAtvOo/Libv. xtXtvoLiitv av. xtXtvOoc^uv av, 4. 'E;€sXtvoav. aav xtJ^tvOr^. xt7.tv6titv av. ^tXtv- Oaroj. 5. 'E^e?.6v6av. eav ^tXtvocoOiv. ^tXtvOtc- av av. xtXtvOavTCov. 6. ^ExtXtvOaixtv. eav ^t- Xtvoco/Lctv. ?ftXavOacf^tv av. 7. ^ExaXtvodg. eav xtXevorig. xe7.bvoeiag av. xeXtvoov. 8. 'ExtXev- Oara. eav xtXtvOrjTe. xtXtvOaire av. T^tXbvGare. Translate into Greek. 1. He will order. They will order. You will order. 2. He esteemed. If he esteem. He might esteem. Let him esteem. To esteem. 3. They esteemed. If they esteem. They might esteem. 4. We esteemed. If we esteem. We might esteem. y 54 FIRST GREEK BOOK. • 5. They will esteem. If tliey esteem. 6. He will order. If be order. Y. You will order. If you order. 8. I shall order. If I order. 9. He might order. They might order. He might loose. They might loose. § 28. Verbs (Continued). First perf. system, active; Gr. 273 ; S. Gr. 163. In like manner inflect the 1st perf. system, active, of rico and xtXtvco {jSTLxa^ xexs'ktvxa). Exercise XXIX. Pronounce the Greek; translate into English; tell where each form is made ; and point out the ele- ments. 1. Ttrlxccdcv. STbTLxtaav, eav Ttvixcoatv. ts- tIhouv av. 2. KtxtXtvxcjCfiav. 8xtxt7.tv?{btutv- SUV xaxe?.6vxcojuav. xtxt'ktvxoiiJ.tv av, 3. KtXtvtc. exs/.tvtv, xtXtvOtc. sxsXtvotv. xtxsXtvxtv. sxs- xtXtvxei. 4. KtxaXtvxag. sxaxtXtvxac^, 5. 'Eav xtxtXtvxyjQ. xtxtXbvxoi^ or xtxtXtvxoiri^ av, 0. 'Eav xtxtXavxri. xtxtXtvxoL or xaxtXavxairj av. xtxtXtvxeTOj. Translate into Greek, 1. They have ordered. They had ordered. 2. If they have ordered. They might have ordered. VERBS. 55 3. He has esteemed, lie had esteemed. 4. If he may have esteemed. He might have esteemed. 5. We have esteemed. We had esteemed. 6. If we have esteemed. We might have esteemed. 7. Let him have esteemed. Let them have esteemed. § 29. Verbs (Continued). Synopsis of the middle and passive voices. Gr. 269; S. Gr. 159. Also Gr. 365, 367, a, b, c, d; 687, 688, 689, 690, 693; 355 Middle, 358 Mid- dle, 359 Middle, 360 Middle; S. Gr. 246, 248, a, b, c, d; 465, 466, 467, 468, 471; 240 Middle, 242 Middle, 243 Middle, 244 Middle. Inflection of the present system. Middle (Passive), Gr. 270; S. Gr. 160. In like manner, inflect the present system. Middle (Passive), of rlcoy xtltvco^ and Xovcoy I wash. (Pass, riofiacj I am esteemed ; xt- Xtvojiaty I am ordered. Middle, Xovo/aac^ I am leashing myself?) Exercise XXX. Pronounce the Greek ; translate iiito English ; tell where each form is made ; and point out its ele- ments. Translate as Pass. : 1. KtXtvtvac. xtXtvovrac. 2. ExbXtvtTO. axbXtvovTO. 3. ^Eav xtXtvrjvau sav xiXevojvrai. 4. KaXavoLvo av. xtXtvocvvo 56 FIRST GREEK BOOK. ar. 5. KtXtvsodco. ^tltv^adcooav or xtXtvsa- {^cov. G. KbXbvtod^t. e?ctXtveo&8. eav ^th^vm&t, HtKavoioiTt av. xbAtvb6iTt. 7. KtAtvo/Lctua, sxt- Xtvo/iit&a, eav xtXtVG)iJ.t&a^ ^b'ktvol/Ltt&a av. Translate as Middle: 1. Aovtrm. ekovtroraai^ 7,ov}]TaL. XovoiTO av, Xovbod^co. 2. Aovr] or Xovtt. eXovov. eav Xovi], Xovoco av, Xovou. 3. Aovov- rat, eXovovTO. eav kovcovrac, Xovocvro av, Xov- ea&cooav or Xovsa&cjv. Translate into Greek, 1. We are washing ourselves. We were wash- ing ourselves. If we may be washing ourselves. Vs'^ might be washing ourselves. Let us wash our- selves (Subjunct. ist pers. plur. Gr. 720, a; S. Gr. 488, a). 2. You are washing yourselves. You were washing yourselves. If you may be washing yourselves. You might be washing yourselves. Wash yourselves. 3. I am esteeming. I am es- teemed. 4. I was esteeming. I was esteemed, 5. If I may be esteeming. If I may be esteemed. 6. I might be esteeming. I might be esteemed. 7. They are esteeming. They are esteemed. 8, They were esteeming. They were esteemed. 9. If they may be esteeming. If they may be esteemed. 10. They might be esteeming. They might be es- teemed. VLllBS. .") i § 30. Verbs (Continued). Future system, Middle, Gr. 271; S. Gr. 161. Future Perf. and 1st fut. Pass., Gr. 274, 275 ; S. Gr. 164, 165. First aor. Middle, Gr. 272; S. Gr. 162. In like manner inflect Xovoo^at^ I shall loash my- self ; Xov&r^oo^ac^ I shall be washed ; elovCai.ir^Vy 1 10 ashed myself. Exercise XXXI. Fronoimce the Greek ; translate into English ; tell lohere eachfopn is made ; and give the elements. 1. AovOtvat, XovOOVT^ai^^ 2. Aoy&riotTac. AovtrrjaoiTO an 6. .L\QiJ6aTjq.. scJcv^ loimrjTfzc. KovGacTO av. kovoaovco, 4. AtAvOoiuac (^lol' tiie meaninoj, see Gr. 26^; S. Gr. 159). ■Ti^^udtraL, ktkvooiTO av. 0. AtkvGYi or Abkvotc.ktkvaoco ^ Tramhrte into Greek. ] — - 1. We^l^all wash oiyeelves. We^^hall be wash- ed. 2. Tltey washed tfieipseives. If Iney may wash pthemsel^es. ^ 3. They miglit wa^K "tiigmselves. Let ^liem wasti* themselves. 4. WasK myself. Do ye wash yourselves. 5. You washed yourself. You washed yourselves. We washed ourselves. 6. If we may wash ourselves. AVe might Avash om^selves. 58 FIRST GREEK B § 31. Verbs (Continued)> Perfect system Middle (Passive), Gr;274; S, Gr. 164. First aor. Passive, Gr. 275, 343; S. Gr. 165, 264. In like manner inflect XeXov/nac^ Thave washed myself ; extXavadrtv (Gr. 342 ; S. Gr. 259, 264, h)y I was ordered. Inflect also the pres. sub- junc. and optat of d/ni, I am, Gr. 406, 1 ; S. Gr. 277. Exercise XXXII. Pronounce the Greek ; translate into English ; tell where each form is made ; and give the elements. 1. ylbXvTac. sXsXvTO. 2. ^Eav Xt^.v/ubvoQ fj, M h^^^M^^^^i^'^^L ^^'' Q ^' ■^^^^^^^^' XtXi/ad-ac, 4. ^^^^hj&r],aav iv&^ fine print ; 347, Rem. . ^ ^^j^;;l^ tM' ^ AvAnrco. Xv&nvac 6. A'tXyvrat. sXaXvviG. 7L Eav XtXvf^svoc ciptv, Xthuj^bvoi eirjOuv or 8. AtXvo&oiaav or Xt^^vOifmK ^-.^ tuv av. Translate into Greek. 1. He has was themselves. 2. He washed themselves. 3. Iihe may hp^himself^ — -They have i^asjied f^i e had wasihgd himsglf^, They had . \ ave washed himself. ThejTmight have washed tEemselves. 4. Let him have washed himself. To have washed one's self. 5. He was ordered. They were ordered. VERBS. 59 G. If he may be ordered. If they may be ordered. 7. He might be ordered. They might be ordered. 8. Let him be ordered. Let them be ordered. To be ordered. § 32. Verbs (Continued). Participles. Dechne Xiycov^ loosing ; Xv6a^^ hav' big loosed ; Xvi^tig^ having been loosed^ Gr. 214 ; S. Gr. 121; XtXv^^co^y having loosed, Gr. 216; S. Gr. 123. In Hke manner decline ricov, esteeming ; Tioag, hainng esteemed; Ttrc^cco^^ having esteemed. Note.— -Observe that both the perf. and the aor. participles are translated usually by the English perf. participle (Gr. 269; S. Gr. 159). The perf. de- notes properly present time, completed action ; the aorist, that which was brought to pass (Gr. 696 ; S. Gr. 473) ; " simply a past event'' In actual use, the aorist is more frequent. Article with the participle, Gr. 498, fine print. ''Similar rules may be given/^etc. 786 ; S. Gr. 352, 538, a. 6 Xvcovy the one loosing, or he who looses ; 6 XvocoVy the one about to loose, or he tvho ivill loose ; 6 Xvoag, the one having loosed, or he who loosed ; 6 XtXv^cog^ the one having loosed, or he who has loosed ; 6 Xv&tic, the one having been loosed, or he who was loosed; 6 XtXufiSi^og^ the one having been loosed, ot he loho has been loosed, Plur. ol Xvovrtg, those (icho 60 FIRST GREEK BOOK. are) loosing ; oi Xuooi'Tt^y those about to loose, or those tcho will loose ; ol Xvouvrtgy those who loosed; oi XiXv^iOTtg, those ivho have loosed ; ol Xvd^bvrtgy those icho were loosed \ oi XtXv/idvoi. those who have been loosed. Exercise XXXIII. Pronounce the Greek; translate into English; and tell ichere each form of the participle is made. Note 1 . — In telling ^vliere a participle is made six particulars must he given. E. g. ^tXtvcoVy pres., act., particip., nom., sing., masc. Much practice is required to state all the particulars readily and cor- rectly. Note 2. — Avco maybe translated, to loose, to re- lease ^ or to ransom, according to the connection *j. .. 1. O ?{tkhv(of. Oi xtAtpovTtg, z. 10)^ xthty- ^ ] cS^^.MQ^'^' TOVZXtAtVOVTOi; OQO). 6, U J^tAiVOCOV. ^cu^hyivoovrs^ 4. Tov^xtASuOovTCiOQCj. roi/j^^^ ^tAtvOovTUp (Tqco, 0. 1 ov xtAtvoavTcc o^yco. rov^ \ Atvoavrac, r^- ^ '^- ^,^,,...^.. ..^.. riig o^ai, ^^^. "Tbv XvOo/LitvoVy rovg Xvoo/Ltl-vovt^ noo). 10. Tbv Ivoa/Lttvov, rovg )aJO(4jLdvoi/g oqco. 11. Tor XtXv/utvov^ Toijg XtXuiii:vovQ oqco. 12 21vv TM Iv&bvTL, 6VV Tolg IvdtlOLv. 13. ' yirr^'O VERBS. 61 Tov Xv&svrog. vn;&Q rfj^ Xv&tiot]^. 14. 7V)v Xv< vf^tToavy Tc}^ Xu&iioag oqco. 15. Tbv XovooixtvoVi TOV XoVOd/iltVOV OQCO. Translate into Greek, 1. In company with him who is esteeming. In company with her who is esteeming. 2. In com- pany with those (men ^) who are esteemed. In com- pany with those (women f ) who are esteemed. 3. For tlie sake of him who will order. For the sake of her who will order. 4. For the sake of those (men ^) who will order. For the sake of those (women f ) who will order. 5. For the sake of him who will be released. For the sake of her who will be released, 6. For the sake of him who has wash- ed himself. In company with those who have washed themselves. 7. In company with him who has been released. In company with her Avho has been re- leased. 8. In company with him who was released. In company with her who was released. 9. In company with those (men "*) who have been released. In company with those (women f ) who have been released. 10. For the sake of those (men '^) who were released. For the sake of those (w^omen f ) who were released. ^ * Expressed by the masc. article. + Expressed by the fern, article. 62 FIRST GREEK BOOK. § 33. Verbs (Continued). Second aor. system active and middle. Gr. 383, 366, a; 367, a; 276; S. Gr. 254; 247, a; 248, a; 166.— Second perf. system act. Gr. 387 ; 277; S. Gr. 257 ; 167. — In like manner with eXcTtov, inflect tlXov (contracted fr. ?tXov, Gr. 312 ; S. Gr. 201), / took ; subjunc. tXo) (stem ^2-) ; and like aXcno- f.irjVy inflect tlXof^rjv, I cliose^ subjunc. tAcofiaCj optat. eXoi/Liriv. Exercise XXXIV. Pronounce the Greek; translate into English; tell where each form is made ; and jpoint out the eh- ments of several test-forms. * Note. — The 2d aor. and 2d perf. are regularly translated like the corresponding forms of the 1st aor. and 1st perf. 1. ''EXcTiov. aav Xlitcoatv. Xinouv av. XcTtSTCo- 6av or XtTtovrcov, 2. 'RXtntv. eav XItty}. Xliiol av. XcTVSTO). 3. ElAsv. tiXtro. 4. ''Eav tXrj, savtXrj- Tai. 5. "^'EXol av. tXocro ocv. 6. "^'EXt, eXov. 7. 'EXtlv, hXsoi^ac. 8. ' O kXcov. 6 eXo/nevog. 9/ AsXoLTiav. eav XtXol^ir}. 10. AeXoiTtoc or XtXoi- TvoiT] av. XbXoiTvsrcj. 11. AeXoLn^vac. 6 XeXoi- TtCOg. OVV TCp XtXoLnOTL. VERBS 63 Translate into Greek. 1. We left. If we leave. We might leave, 2. We have left. If we have left. We might have left. 3. We took. We chose. 4. If we take. If we choose. 5. We might take. We might choose. 6. They took. They chose. 7. If they take. If they choose. 8. They might take. They might choose. 9. Let them take. Let them choose. 1 ^ Let him take. Let him choose. § 34. Verbs (Continued). Second passive system (2d aor. and 2d fut.). Gr. 395; 353, a; 354; 367, c, d; 278; S. Gr. 264; 238, b ; 239 ; 248, c, d ; 168. In like man- ner inflect erQccTtriv^ I was turned ; svqdcpr]v^ I teas nourished ; rgaTirjOg/LiaCy I shall he turned ; TQacfr]- oo^acy I shall he nourished. Exercise XXXV. Pronounce the Greek ; translate into lilnglish ; tell where each form is made ; and give the elements of several test forms, 1. ^EoTCcXr], aav OraAj]. OraXelr] dv. araXrjrco. 2. SraXrjGeTac, OvaXrjaoiTO dv, 3. ^ErQaTvrjaav. iav TQa:ico6LV. 4. TQaTctinoav or TQa:ititv dv. 64 riRST GREEK BOOK. TQunih'vcov, 5. 'ErQcccprijiitv. tav TQUcpco/iitv. tqu- cftuj/iitv or TQacptl/Lcbv av. 0. 'Er()d7t^jre. sap rQai:SjTt. 7. TQaTitlrjTt or rquTitlTS av. tqcc- Tifjvt. 8. TQa:itivaL. 6 TQa:i;tig. 6 TQUcptig, 6 OvaXtig. Translate into Greek. 1. They were sent. If ttiey are sent. They might be sent. Let them be sent, 2. They will be sent. They would be sent (hereafter). 3. He was turned. If he may be turned. 4. He might be turned. Let him be turned. 5. We were sent. If we may be sent. A¥e might be sent. 6. Thou wast nourished. If thou mayest be nourished. 7. Thou mightest be nourished. Be thou nourished. 8. You were nourished. If you may be nourished., 9. You might be nourished. Be ye nourished. 10. To be nourished. To be turned. 11. I see him who was nourished in the hous^ of the king. 13. For the sake of those who were nourished. Exercise XXXVI. A general review of the synopsis and inflection of the verb in all the voices (without the accompanying Greek and English exercises) is recommended at this point. VERBS. 65 § 35. Verbs (Continued). Contract verbs in aco. Gr. 32, a, b, c, d , 34, 98 ; S. Gr. 17, 18, a, b, c, d; 21, 59, a, b, c. Sy- nopsis and inflection of the pres. system active of Tifidco, to honor. Gr. 370, 279 ; S. Gr. 251 ; 169. Exercise XXXVIL Pronounce tlie Greek; translate; tell loUere each form is made and how contracted, 1. Ttfxa. ari/^ia. 2. ^Eav tcjlic2, rtficorj av, 3. Ti/Liarco. rtfidv (Gr. 371, a ; S. Gr. 251, a). 4. Ttfxa^. sri/itczg. 5. ^Eav ri/nag. tcjucotjq av. TijLia. Note. — The form of the optat. in olrjv is more common in the sing, of contract verbs^ especially in the 1st and 2d persons; in verbs in dco it is used almost exclusively ; but in the dual and plur. the longer form is less frequent ; and i i the 3d plur. the ending oirjoav is very rare. Kiihner, 137, 4. Translate into Greek. 1. We are honoring. We were honoring. 2. If we may be honoring. We might be honoring. 3. They are honoring. They w^ere honoring. 4. If they may be honoring. They might be honoring. 5. Let the be honoring. To be honoring. 6. Ye 60 FIRST GREEK BOOK. are honoring. If ye may be honoring. Be ye hon oring. 7. Ye were honoring. Ye might be honor, ing. 8. I might be honoring. He might be hon- oring. § 36. Contract Verbs (Continued). Synopsis and inflection of the present system middle (passive) of tl^ccod, Gr. 279 ; S. Gr. 169. In Hke manner with Tc/Li{aG))o)y inflect 6(){ccco)oj^ I am seeing, or / see ; imperf. kcoQ(^aov)cov (Gr. 312 ; S. Gr. 201, a), / was seeing, or / saw. In hke manner with Tcu(ao)(5/uaiy inflect Middle 7itLQ(ao)(jo/Liaiy I am trying (for myself, or with my own resources), Gr. 689, 690 ; S. Gr. 467, 463 ; Passive o(>(c^o)65//r^^^ I am seen (i. e. am being seeii). Exercise XXXVIII. Pronounce the Greek ; translate ; tell where each form is made ; from what it is contracted ; and give the rule for the contraction. Translate as passive : 1. Tc/udrai, ear rcjudrai. 2. ^Eri/Lidto. Tc/LiMTO dv. 3. Tl^iciG&co. TtfxdC)- {hac, 4. Tifj^doOt, edy Tt^cdo&t. sn/Lcdo&t. 5. ToV TC/LlCOILttVOV OQCOUtV, 6. Tovg TC/LtOJUbVOV^ eojQco/Litv, 7. ""OQdrac. iav ogdvac. acogdio, 8. '0()dC)dt, adv oQdoOt. oqdodco. Translate as middle: 1. TTttQdrac, sdv ntiQdrai. 'i^, nbi.QoJv- •CONTRACT VERBS. 07 rau sav TTtiQCovrai^ 3. ^ETitiQavo. sn;ei()0)VTO. 4. UacQcoTO av. ttscqcovto av. 5. UtcQco (as imper- ative), TvtcQda&e (as indie, and as imperat). 6. Tov Tiscoco/Lctvov oQars (as indie, and as imperat.). Translate into Greek, 1. He is honoring. He is honored. 2. He is seeing. He is seen. 3. He was honoring. He was seeing. 4. They were honoring. They were seeing. 5. I am honoring. If I may be honoring. Be thou honored. 6. He is honoring. If he may be honoring. Thou art honored. If thou mayest be honored. 7. We see those who are honored. 8. Honor "'^^ the king. 9. They see or are seeing. They are seen. 10. They saw or were seeing. They were seen. 11. He might honor or be honoring. They mio;ht honor or be honorino;. 12. He mio'ht be honored. They might be honored. 13. He honors or is honoring. Honor thou or be thou honoring. 14. He sees or is seeing. See thou or be thou see- ing. 15. Let him be honored. Let him try (for himself). 16. To honor. ''^ To be honored. 17. To S3e.^^ To be seen. 18. Thou wast seeing. He was seeing. * Translate by the Pres. which denotes continned action, Gr. 262 ; S. Gr. 153. 08 riRST GREEK BOOK. § 37. Contract Verbs (Continued). Contracts in aco. Gr. 32, a, b, c, d; 34 ; 34, exo. a; 35, b; 9S; 280; S. Gr. 17; 18, a, b, c, d; 21; 59, a, b, c; 170. Synopsis and inflection of the pres. system active of cptXLco. In like manner in- flect dc)d^i:v{lzco)oj^ I am loeak, am ill. Imperf. i]60av{tov)ov}^ (Gr. 309; S. Gr. 199); noc{ao))(;i, I do, I make ; ^a).{aco)(Oy I call. Exercise XXXIX. Pronounce the Greek; translate; tell where each form is made ; and explain the contraction. 1. cXoho ai\ cfckolvro ccv. 5. ^c- Xtiai)^co. (pcXtio&ojOav or g:cXtiOi}^cov. 6. ^^iXov- fitxha, 8(p(Xovf^it{}^a, 7. 'Eav cftXcojuti/a* (fiXoi' /utifu av. 8. fPi?.tio&a, ecfiXtlodt. 9. 'Euv (ftXrioOt. (pcXoIo&t ar. 10. 01 (pcXovfitvoc. (fc^ Xtio&ac. Tov^ q)cXoujLiai^oi/g oqco, * See Is\)te, Exercise XXXVII. 70 FIRST GREEK BOOK. Translate into Greek. 1. He ia calling. He is called. 2. He was calling. He was called, 3. They are calling. They are called. 4. They were calling. They were call- ed. 5. He might be calling. He might be called. 6. They might be calling. They might be called. 7. If he may be called. If they may be called. 8. He is doing. Thou art doing (for thyself). 9. If he may be doing. If thou mayest be. doing (for thyself). 10. Ye are doing (for yourselves). Be ye doing (for yourselves). 11. He is doing. Be thou doing. 12. To be calling. To be called. § 39. Contract Verbs (Continued). Contracts in oco. Gr. 32, a, b, c, d ; 34 ; 34, exc. a; 35, c; 98; S. Gr. 18, 21, 22, b; 59. Sy- nopsis and inflection of the present system, active and middle (passive) of 'drfKooi^ ojy to manifest, Gr. 281 ; S. Gr. 171. Exercise XLL Pronounce the Greek ; translate ; tell loliere each form is made ; and hoiv contracted. 1. Tiiia. (fcXtL d/j?Mi. 2. TijucoOiv. (fiKov^ Ocv, ^fjXoifOtv. 3. Ti/Lidrac. (fcXtiTac, (^fiXoiircci, VERBS. 71 4. Tc/iuovrac. (piXovvrac. duXovvvccc. 5. ^Kri^ia. icfiXti, sd/jXov. 6. ^Erificov. scflXouv, adijXovp. 7. Tijua. (fiXiiL. dtjXov. 8. Tifxavco, cpcXtlrco. hi]kovT(o, 9. Tcf^iarj civ, cfJiXoir] civ. dr/?iOir] civ. 10. ^ErcficcTO. acficXtlro. sd/jXouro. 11. 'Eavrcua. iav (pcXfi. aav d/jXoL Translate vito Greek. 1. He manifests. If he manifest. He might manifest. Thou art manifesting (for thyself). If thou manifest (for thyself). 2. Do thou be mani- festing. Do thou be manifesting (for thyself). 3. To be honorino;. To be lovins;. To be manifestins;. 4. We see those who are honoring. 5. We see those who are loving. 6. We see those who are manifestino;. 7. I might be callino;.* I mio;ht be manifesting. I might be honoring. § 40. Verbs (Continued). Repeat the principal parts of Xvco. Gr. 2G6, Rem. c ; S. Gr. 156, b. In like manner rici(^ccco)cd, TiufjOco (Gr. 335; S. Gr. 2\2),8ri)ini6c^y T6T/\iifi^a^ r^Tifir^/LU^iy enjLi/j&rjv (Gr. 285 ; S. Gr. 175) ; (f.iX{e(o)cOy q:iX)]ocOy ecfiXiioay nbCfiXyi^ca (Gr. 65, a ; S. Gr. 37, a), :vtcpiXrjuai^ scfcXrj&fjVy Gr. 287 ; S. * See Note, Exercise XXXYTT. 72 FIRST GREEK BOOK. Gr. 177 ; 8/^X(6co)cOy d/jXcoOco^ eS/jXcoOay Std/jXco^af St8iilcoucu, ad^lcod^riv, Gr. 289; S. Gr. 179. Exercise XLII. Give the principal parts — present, future, aorist (1st or 2d), and perfect, active ; perfect middle (passive) ; and aorist passive — of the following verbs : d^c{oco)o)y d^ccoacoy rj^icooa (Gr. 309 ; S. Gr. 199), ^vk. to tJi'hik worthy y to demand, to ask. olx{h(o)cOy oi^rjOcOy co^ijda (Gr. 310 ; S. Gr. 199, b), ^T€. intrans. to dwell, trans, to inhabit, TiOLBcOy cOy noLrjOcOy xrk, to do^ to make, noXtf^iacoy coy TcoXt/urjoojy xxh, trans, to wage war upon, intrans. to carry on tear. TioXtOQ^iUoy cOy 7€o7s.LOQxr]6(X)y xrh. to besiege. cocptX{8co)oj, cocf.tXrjOcOy ^rh, (Gr. 309, end. " The long vowels," etc. ; S. Gr. 199 a), to benefit, to assist. r) ovXXoyt]y gen. avXXoyrj2y the levy. Pronounce the Greek ; translate ; give the principal parts; infiect ; and tell where made. 1. 'Erificov. erijLir^Ocjcv. 2. TtTLi^nixaOtv. ar^- TCfzrj^tOav. 3. TtTi/Lirivrai. £TL/iir]&r]()av. 4. ^EcpiXtc. 8fplXrj6bv. 5. IItcplXr]T(4c. ecftkrid^r]. 6. ^PiXtl, (fi7ji6tt. 7. ^EhriXov. e^r'iXcootv. 8. Jfi- VERBS. XovOlv. dfjXcoOovacv. 9. Jt8j]Xcovrac, id/jXcoi^fi-^ Oay. 10. Tijv ovXXoyijv e:ioitt, 11. T^v auXXo- y/jp iniouiTO. 12. ^H ouXXoyi] a^oitlro. 13. ITo- Xtutl. TVoXt/LcrjOtc. 14. 'E:ioXb/Ltti6tv, :i;t7ioXs/nr}y{ti\ 15. IToXtjLitlv. TioXt/LirjOac. IG. Ti]v noXiv a:iO' XiOQ^riatv. f] noXcq, 8:ioXLOQxridiri, 17. 'Jl^covrai, d^ccod-tiOtrat. IS. Tc/nfjg /jSico&r/, 19. ^Aicol, d^tcootc. 20. Ev TJj noXtL cp?fti (Gr. 310; S. Gr. 199, b). 21. 'Ev rfi avrfi noXtc cp^crjOtv, 22. Ttjp TtoXtv avTrjv cocftXtl, 23. Triv tioXcv TavTi]v cocps- Xtc (render as iraperat. and asimperf., Gr. 309, end ; S. Gr. 199, a). 24. '"H/lccc^ cocf'aXrjOtv. Translate into GreeJc. 1. He was honoring. He honored. 2. He has honored. He had honored. 3. He has been hon- ored. He ^Yas honored. 4. They were loving. They loved. 5. They have been loved. They were loved. 6. They love. They will love. 7. They were manifesting. They manifested. 8. They were making the levy. 9. They were making (for them- selves) the levy. 10. They were besieging the city. 11. They besieged the city. 12. He besieged the cities. 13. The cities were besies-ed. 14. The kino; will* besiege the city. 15. The city will be besieged. 16. They were deemed worthy of honor. 17. They lived in the same cities. 18. We live in this city. 74 riRST GREEK BOOK. § 41. Verbs (Continued). Contract verbs. Mute verbs. Gr. 324 ; S. Gr. 210. Give the principal parts of the folloioing verbs y and explain the mode of formation, tracing the ste/M and its changes through all the forms. dXlccooco^ Att. dXXdvTco (Gr. 328^ a ; S. Gr. 223), dXXd^co (Gr. 21 ; S. Gr. 11), rfkXa^a^ rikXa/a (Gr. 387, b ; S. Gr, 257, e), nklayi^uu, 7)1- ld/&riv (Gr. 44 ; S. Gr. 26), usu. r)Udyriv (Gr. 294; S. Gr. 184), to exchange. S^rjQd(o,6i, {}riQd6(o (Gr. 335; 29; S. Gr. 212; 15, a), eO^riqaOUy Tti}'ijQaxa (Gr. 65, a; S; Gr. 37, a), xtL Gr. 286 ; S. Gr. 176, to hmit. Xtino)y XtiifjG) (Gr. 21 ; S. Gr. 11), iXtnov (Gr. 326 ; S. Gr. 221), IslotTia (Gr. 387, a ; S. Gr. 257, b), XeXu/Lcinac (Gr. 46 ; S. Gr. 28), sXtUpthrjv (Gr. 44 ; S. Gr. 26), to leave. ^i:Tvco (Gr. 327 ; S. Gr. 222), Qiipco, tQQupa (Gr. 43; S. Gr. 33), tQQupa (Gr. 319, exc. d; S. Gr. 205, a), ;-r qicp&fi. 4. 'EgQicpi^ac, Qtcpi^fjvac. 5. ' HXXa^rac, r]XXaxTO. 6. ' EXtiXty/Liavoc rpav, rjXby^&rjOav. 1 . TLtntiC)- /LitOa. 8^b:itl6^itda. 8. ' E:itia{)'t]f.itv, aav Tctc- O&COUtV. 9. TItLOdt]Tt, TtizLO&ilTb* 10. ToiJ2, TltL' a&avrag kcoQcov. rov iXby/&8VTa kcoQa. 11. Tov dXXa^&avva ogd. 12. 'Eocv nbLO&f]. eccv 7iei6&C0' /utv. Translate into Greek. 1. They have been exchanged. They had been exchanged. 2. He has been convicted. He had been convicted. 3. We have been convicted. We had been convicted. 4. Thouhadst been convicted. Do thou have been convicted. 5. Ye have been thrown. Ye had been thrown. 6. He has been persuaded. He had been persuaded. 7. They have been persuaded. They had been persuaded. 8. To have been persuaded. To be persuaded. 9. He sees those who have been persuaded. 10 He was seeing the one who had been persuaded. VERBS. 81 § 45. Reflexive Pronouns. Reciprocal Pro- noun. dXXrjXoiv Tizh, one another. Gr. 235; 237 ; 688, a; 538, a. In fine print, position of the reflexive genitives. S. Gr. 135, 136 ; 382, d, gen. of reflex, pron. Phrases. To do good, dyad^a (ace. plur. neut.) noitlv or TioifpccL, To do evil, xa;covaev. 2. OoQv^ov rjxovae dia tcjv Ta^tcov iovvo^ (agrees w. {^oQv^ov, Gr. 498 ; S. Gr. 352). 3. ^vv v^lv J//^(Gr. 405, 1, Eem. a; S. Gr. 275, a). 4. ^^Anu[xiy aniaGLV. ^.''Atil&l Tjdrj. 6. '[Ai:cuav rjdrj. 7. Jo^tl dmbvai r]hr]. 8. Kal j]drj tdo^ev cci:cS' vac. 9. ^Eav looGcv. lquv av. 10- 'Hut, fitoav. 11. TovQ OTQarccoTag dcpUoav. 12. 01 orQa- rtdjvai aTTrjtaccv. 13. [ATii/Litv tig rr/p 'EXXada nd- Xlv xal ov TtQog ^aotXeu (Gr. 530, a, end ; S. Gr. 379, a, end). 14. Ov^ dm^tv. 15. Eiorjtaav nag avvov, 16. 01 arQaTriyol naqa top ^aoiXsa tioritoav, 17. EiOtcfit iiaqd rbv ^aOiXaa. 18. Eiarjtt nuQa rbv OTQaTrp/oVf P&]o <^-^'^^ Translate into Greek. 1. We heard a noise. 2. He has not heard the noise. 3. He had heard a noise passing through the ranks. 4. He will go in company with us. 5. They will not go away in company with you. 6. Let him go away at once. 7. It does not seem expedient to go away at once. 8. It seemed expedient to go away. 9. And already it seemed expedient to dis- miss the soldiers. 10. We will go. Let us go (Gr. 720, a ; S. Gr. 488, a). 11. We wiU go away. Let us go away. 12. He was dismissing the sol- 96 riRST GREEK BOOK. dier^. He dismissed the soldiers. 13. They did not go against the king. 14. He went into the presence of the king. § 54. The Verb ^Z///. Principal parts, synopsis and inflection. Gr. 406, 1 ; S. Gr. 277. Exercise LVI. Vocabulary. ^(XQ^aqo^y /Sag/jaQOVy 6, a barbarian, a foreigner, dcarl&rjjLcCy to place apart, to dispose, dfil with the gen., to belong to (Gr. 572, c; S. Gr. 415, d). a?€j before a vowel ei, w. gen. only, out of; some- times nsed to denote an agent or doer, and ren- dered by ; ex /SaocXscoQy by the king. eniy w. dat. of a person, resting on, depending on, in the power of. i:i;c/LttXeo/uac^ ov/uac (comp. aTil, /ntXsofiac), a pass, deponent (Gr. 413 ; S. Gr. 284), occurs often in the form sTic/LieXoiuaC'i f. eTziutXrjoo^iac^ pf. aTTc/Lit/LtsXrjitiac^ aor. STca/^tXti&tjv, to care for, to pay attention to, with the gen. Gr. 576 ; S. Gr. 419. SHORT SENTENCES. 01 ixavogj rj, ovy sufficient^ ahle^ competent ; often w. the infill., Gr. 767 ; S. Gr. 530. ^ Icovtxo^y 7], ovy Ionian. ovTco, before a vowel ovvoj^y thus, so. TiaQcc, w. the dat., dj/ the side of, with. Tiooa(f)£Qvrjg, to;, ovz, 6 (3d declens., but in the ace. and voc. it is 1st declens., Gr. 198; S. Gr. 108, a), Tissaphernes. ^g (Gr. 103, c; S. Gr. 64, c), often used as a final conj. w. the subjunctive, to denote present or future purpose ; w. the optat., to denote past purpose, that, in order that CJ6T8 (Gr. 110 ; S. Gr. 68), <2«^, so as, so that; pre- ceded by ovTco, the two are rendered so as; often followed by the infin. (Gr. 770 ; S. Gr. 531), denoting result, or purpose. Pronounce the Greek ; translate ; and parse. 1. 'Enl Tcp ddtXgjM aoicv (Gr. 406, 1, Rem. b ; S. Gr. 277, b). 2. Ov^ eOvLv (Gr. 406, 1, Rem. b, 3 ; S. Gr. 277, b, cc) stiI rep ddaXcp^. 3. Ovy. torac €7tI T(p /3a6iXai. 4. ITavrccg ovrco diarl&rj- 6cv, coOTt avTCp cpiXovg tivat. 5. HoXti-itlv i^a^ vog Tjv. IloXs/Litfv Ixccvol fjOav. 6. Tcjv ^aq^Sa- Qcov eTie/LLtXtlTO. 7. Tcov naq havrco /Sag^SaQcov iitt/ntXelro cog * noXtfxtlv txavol tirjOav. 8. Al * Observe that w?, meaning tliat^ in order that^ takes the opta- tive without aV, denoting a past aim or purpose. Gr. 739; S. Gr. I 98 riRST GREEK BOOK. noXti>; ijdar tov /ScxOcXtcog. 9. Ac 'Icovcxal noXtc^ TcoOacfeQvovg ijOav, JO. Ai noXtcQ TcOOacfj'cQ- vov; tiolv (Gr. 108; S. Gr. 69, a) ex /3aacX6cog dt8o/ii8vc4c (particip. perf. pass. fr. 8iSco/.u, agrees w. TioXtc:^). 11. 'Haav, rjtaav. u6av. tloav, 12. ^'EoTcv (Gr. 406, Rem. b, 1, 2; S. Gr. 277, c). io- Tiv. ti6cv. Irjoiv. 13. Eioiv. laocv, Idocv. 14. Hv. r^ii. UL, Translate into Greek. 1. They are in the power of the king. 2. He is not in the poAver of the judge. 3. They are friends to him. 4. He has disposed all, so as to be friends to the king„ 5. He will be able to carry on war. 6. They were not able to carry on war. 7. He continued to pay attention (imperf.). He paid attention. 8. He paid attention to the army with him- self, that it might be able to carry on war. 9. The city belongs to the king. 10. The city belongs to Tissaphernes, having been given by the king. 11. We were. We were going. We were sending. We sent. 12. We were hastening. We hastened. 13. If we may be. If we may be going. If we may be sending. 14. Be thou. Be thou going. Be thou sending^ Send thou# e- / 507. In tlie foregoing exercises, the particle av has been used with the optative in accordance with Gr. 722 ; S. Gr. 491. i \ shout sentences. 99 § 55. Miscellaneous Sentences. - (The verb yiyvo^ac). Exercise LVIL Vocabulary, ^ avTcaraaccoTT]^, ov, by one of an ojjpoBing faction y an opponent. cci;o8i8cofxc (comp. cctio front, §idco/uc to give), to give hack^ to give what is due, to pay in full. djionB fi:i(o (comp. d:i6 from, aicay, n^iTcco to send ; nlzfj.ipcoy t7it/.cifjay nbnof.icfKi (Gr. 334, a; S. Gr. 257, a, TxsTva/LtjLtaCy ant^(f&riv), to send away, to forward. yiyvo/uac (principal parts, Gr. 449, 1 ; S. Gr. 300), to become, to come into being, to be born ; w. the gen. of a person, to be horn of, to spring from, w. numerals, to amount to\ Bundle ot SH vt- Xirag TQiuxooiovg t^cov TiaQtyavtro. 7. 01 Ovfi- TtavTtg oTtkiTuc sysvovro juvqwi. 8. ^vvtyev- SHORT SENTENCES. 101 oi'TO dXXi\XoL^, 9. 'E/Lioi KvQog eyavtro ^l-vog 10. Toy juiO&oy ccTibdco^^tv. Translate into Greek. 1. Two sons were born of Darius. 2. They used to forward the revenues accruing to the king. 3. I will forward the revenues accruing to you. 4. Cyrus, having associated with these (men), gave them much silver. 5. He will give me ten thousand darics. 6. They are superior to their opponents. 7. He Avas superior to his opponent. 8. They ar- rived at Sardis. 9. They will arrive at Sardis. 10. He arrived with (particip. t^cov^ many soldiers. 11. In the army of - Cyrus, the soldiers all together amounted to ten thousand^ 1'2. They are associat- ing with one another. 13. The father of Cyrus be- came a host to us. 14. We became friends (through the ties of hospitality) to the sons of Cyrus. 15. Cyrus paid to him in full the wages of three months. § 56. The Verbs y.tl^iac^ to lie, to he laid (prin- cipal parts, synopsis, and inflection), Gr. 405, 2; S. Gr. 276; rifiac^ to sit; and ^d&fjuac (^^avdy ii/Liac)y to sit dozen, to be encamjjed (synopsis and inflection), Gr. 406, 2 ; S. Gr. 278. 102 FIRST GREEK BOOK, Exercise LVIIL Vocahiilary. ano&viiG^co {ano, SvriOxco, principal parts, Gr. 444, 4 ; S. Gr. 300), to die, to be dead. i:il w. dat. of place or of person, denoting situation, on, upon. xu\ .... xai, both .... and ; Lat. et . . . . et. xaTa;cti[xai {^avay xel/nac), to lie down, to lie still, ol {Gr. 525; S. Gr, 375) TvtQi nva^ those about any one, the folloioers of any one. TitQiy prep. w. gen. dat. or ace. With the ace, about, round about. TioQQco with the g^w. far fro7n. ri (Gr. 244, Rem. a; 552, a; S. Gr. 141, a ; 397, a), why ? Pronounce the Greek ; translate ; and parse. 1. 01 aQiOTOL Tcov (Gr. 525; S. Gr. 375) :t8qI KvQOv ccTCbOavov. 2. 01 aQcOroc tcov ccvSqcov d:to&av6vTt:; t?fbiVTO aTil rfj yfj. 3. Ki/Qog avrog aTtsiJavs xcn oi uqcOtoc tcov ntQl avrov txetVTO t7t avTOi. 4. TV ^aTa^tci.iaL ; 5, IToqqco ccvtov P€czr)rijut{}a. 6. Ov ttoqqoo ccvtov exaOrj^tda (Gr. 314; S. Gr. 202, c). 7. Ov tvoqqco do;foD- /U6V UOL cjcvTOV xa{}fjo{)c/c. SHORT SENTENCES. 103 Translate into Greek. 1. The followers of Cyrus lay upon tlie ground. 2. Both Cyrus and his followers were dead (Gr. 511, a; S. Gr. 3G1, a). 3. The followers of Cyrus lay dead (lit. having died) upon the ground. 4. Why do we lie still ? 5. We are encamped not far from the king. 6. The king seems to me to be encamped not far from us. 7. Many of the bravest men lay dead on the plain. § 57. Short Sentences from the Anabasis. Exercise LIX. Vocabulary. df^KpovaQco^ ocvy tco, both. dvcc/jaivco (qowv^. dvdy up, and /3aircOy to go. Prin- cipal parts, §aivcOy fi/jOo/LtaCy t/3f]Vy ^a^r]xcc. The f. (3)16 CO and aor. t/3rjocc are causative), to go up. do/J], fj^y r)y a government, a province. ^ovXo/Licu (principal parts, Gr. 422, 3 ; S. Gr. 300), to icish. Xa/j^dvco (principal parts, Gr. 437, 4 ; S. Gr. 300. Stem and changes ? Gr. 329, b ; S. Gr. 224, b), to take. f,itTa7ceu:vof,icu ( fibxdyfor ; risj-ii-coy to seiid. Prin- 104 FIRST GREEK BOOK. ciptol parts, see Exercise LVIL, d:Ton£f.ti;co), to send for. Usu. deponent mid. in this comp. nccQti/iu {^aQcCy hy the side of tifily to be), to be pre- sent. aavQaTifig, ov^ Oy a satrap, a Persian governor of a province. Tvyxocvco (principal parts, Gr. 437, 8 ; S. Gr. 300. Stem and changes, Gr. 329, b ; S. Gr. 224, b), to lilt, to happen ; often used with a par- ticip. and rendered adverbially, while the par- ticip. is rendered as a verb. Thus, ^aQCJv rvy- Xavbi^ he is present by chanee ; or it may be rendered, he happens to be present ; tcuqcov STvyxavbv^ he loas present by chance, or he hap- pened to be present. (piXoZy ovy 6^ a friend. co; (proclitic, Gr. 103, c ; S. Gr. 64, c), as, as if Pronounce the Greek ; translate ; and parse. 1. /jQvXavac TCj natda Tvagtlvac. 2. 'E/jov" ItTO TO) nalda dfucporeQco Ttccgtlvac. 3. 'O nQtO- ^VTcQog dStXfpog TiccQCjv evvy/^avtv. 4. Kvqov /LitTarc^/uTTtTac. Kvqov ccTioTisiLtTitc. 5. Kvqov oavQUTiriv (Gr. 500, C; S. Gr. 353) ejioirjOtv. 6. Kvqov iJ^trankf^ntrai dno rfi^, uq/Jii^ fjg (Gr. 503) avTOV OarQa:Ttjv ejioirjatv. 7. TiOOacpsQvrjv cog (fllov D.afitv. 8. 'Ava/3aivtc 6 KvQog la^cbv k uv SHOUT SENTENCES. 105 Translate into Greek. 1. They are present (Gr. 368 ; S. Gr. 249). They were present (Gr. 368, b; S. Gr. 249, a). 2. They wish their two sons to be present. 3. They happened to be present (particip.). We happened to be present. 4. They sent for (mid*) us as friends. They sent us away as enemies. 5. They sent for us from the government, of which they made us rulers. 6. They took Tissaphernes as a fiiend. Tissaphernes was taken as a friend. 7. They went up taking Tissaphernes as a friend. 8. They wdll go up with (particip. of 6^6;) ten thousand hoplites, 9. They went up with many soldiers. 10. He went up in company with Cyrus. Exercise LX. Vocahulary. ocTvo^Ttivco {a:i6 from, denoting departure, ^reivco to Mil; principal parts, Gr. 433, 4 ; ^. Gr. 300), to hill, to slay, to put to death, /SaotXtia, u^y riy a kingdom. 8u(/3uXX(o {dux through, apart, ^dXXco to cast; principal parts, Gr. 432, 4 ; S. Gr. 300), to calumniate. dm^dXXecv vcrcc rcqog rcva to lOG FIRST GREEK BOOK. mhimniaic any person before (or fo) any per- son. €icuTeco, CO (f. -/j6co^ ?^ri. regular ; comp. i^ away, off, ah SCO to bey), to bey (a person) off, to res- cue (any one) by entreaty. Often in the mid. ^ni w. ace. to, towards (a place) ; w. verbs, implying often hostility, ayainst 8:i;i^(jOvXti/co {^tvoco^ ^rh. regular ; eniy ftovXtvco), to plot ayainst, w. the dat. Gr. 605 ; S. Gr. 439. '^cc&loTTJiLu {xavcx downy iOTrj/Lic to set) ^ to set doion, to establish ; in the intrans. tenses (which are they? Gr. 416, 1; S. Gr. 288, a), to become established. ovAXcjc/Lt/Scipco (ovvy toy ether ; Xa/Lt^ccvo), to take), to seize, to apprehend. Tb (enclit.), and ; ra xai^ oy rs . . . . xai^ both . . . . and. (j)^ (proclit.) as, as if, on the y round that, intimatiny that. N. B. — The learner should be in the habit of wiiting out, ^s well as of giving orally, the principal parts of all the verbs, both simple and compound, in all the vocabularies. SHORT SENTENCES. 107 Pronounce the Greek ; translate ; and parse. 1. KavhOir] ti^ t/)v fiaoLktlav. 2. 'Etcl^ou- XhvtL TiOOacpbQvtt. 3. Jd/jaXov Aaqtlov. 4. Aiu- ^aXXtC TOV KVQOV TTQOg TOV Cc8tX(fOVy dig €7ll/jOU' XtvoL (Gr. 734; S. Gr. 502) avr^. 5. Tov noU- fitov d:i:Oy{TtvtL 6. Utidti., nti&trai. 7. ^vX- Xa/Li^avtc KvQOv. 8. UtitftTal rt xccl ovXXafx- /Savtc tCvQOv cog di^o^^ravcop (sc. avroi'), 9. '7/ l^rjTrjQ aSr^rrjaaro avrov. 10. '^H /urirrjo s^acrrj- Oa/Ltsvi] avTOv d:io:isixnbL naXtv stil ti]v ccQ^rjv. Translate into Greek, 1. They became established in the kingdom. 2. They were plotting against the king. 3. They were calumniating the king. 4. They calumniated Cyrus. 5. He calumniated Cyrus before the king, intimating that he was plotting against (optat. Gr. 734, 735, 736 ; S. Gr. 502, 503, 504) him. 6. They were both persuaded and apprehended Cyrus as if to put him to death. 7. They rescued us by their en- treaties. 8. Having rescued us by their entreaties, they sent (us) away back again to our government. 5 w M 103 first greek book. Exercise LXI. Vocabulary. (ivTh prep. w. gen. only, in front of, instead of. d'Ji'^Q/oij.aL (aTio away, tQ^oixat to go ; prin. parts. Gr. 450, 2 ; S. Gr. 300). Usu. fut. in Alt. prose di^u. (Gr. 405, 1, R. a; S. Gr. 275, a), to go away. 'AQTal^qS^ti^^ ov, 6, Artaxerxes.^ king of Persia. UTCua^co, ari/LiaocOy }]Ti/LiaOa^ rfriuczO/Liac^ rivt- /Liaod^rjv, to dishonor (Deriv. a priv., r/^>/ honor^. dcptxvbo/Ltac 'Oi//.iac {utio from, Ixvso/naiy -ovjitui to coyne; prin. pts. Gr. 438, 2; S. Gr. 300), to arrive. ^aOtXtvcOy 'tvoco^ XT€. to he hing. (Deriv. ^aaiktv^y Jcing^ . ^ovXtvco^ 'tvacoy ^T€. to counsel, advise.^ plot. Mid. to counsel with ones self, to deliberate.^ to plot dcaridrjiLu (8cd through, apart, rldrj^t to place\ to place apart, to dispose. dvva/xac (prin. pts. and synops. of pres. system, Gr. 404, 5 ; S. Gr. 274, e ; 300), to be able. Tj, or ; after the compar. degree, than. rjv = idv, if ; used only w. the siibjunc. xLvhvvbvcOy 'tvocoy xxh. (fr. ^ivdvvo^ danger^ to be in danger^ to incur danger. SHORT SENTENCES. 109 fidXXov^ more, rather. Positive, /LiuXa, much, very ; comp. /udXXov ; sup. /LidXiOKc, most, ol :t((qcc /jcanXUog, those from the kirifj ; tcov 7ca{)d ^(^acXbco;, of those from the Icirtg. o.Tco;^ i)i ivhat manner, how; used in an indirect question. oan;, i'itiz^ o,r^ (declens. Gr. 246 ; S. Gr. 142), loho, which, what; ivhoever, tohatever person, or thint/. TiaQUy vv. gen. of a person, /r6>;;2. v:idn/co {vno^ under, denoting support or assist- ance, cc{)/cx), to begin : prin. pts. Gr. 424, 2 ; S. Gr. 300), to favor. ^ Pronounce the Greek ; translate ; and parse. 1. 'EyfivSuviVOt ^ccl TjTijtcaa&r]. 2. Kcvduvtv- Oag xai drcjucca&tlg drcrjXdtv. 3. Bov^^vtrai OTtcog (SaOiktvotL dvv ^AQva^aQ^oi/. 4. ^'Hv bvvrj^ rat, ^c^OcXtvoti dvv ^Qrat^Qt^ov. 5. ""YniiQ/e tco KvQcp. 6. 'Eq^iXrjOs Kvqov (.laXXov r] rov fiaoc- Xtvovra 'AQTa^SQ^tjv. 7. 'Acpc^vtho. dcfixbro. dcpixvovvTO. dcpixovTO. 8. Ovroc tig JSd()8ecg avvco (Gr. 596; S. Gr. 433) dcplxovro. 9. Oi acpcxvovjLitvoL naqd [juOlXhoz avrcp ficiXXov cfiXoi r)aav rj ^aOiXtT. 10. "Oorcg dcpcxvbiro tcov Tiaqd daOiXbcog nqoz uvrovj cfiXog jjv avrco pidX7.ov ?j BccCcXbL 11. "OoTig dcpL^cvuTO tcov :xccqd ^ccoc- 110 FIRST GREEK BOOK. },scog TCQog avTOv, TiavraQ ovrco dcari&ug d7V87ts/Li' ntrOy coOvt avrcb /ndXXov cplXovg tlvac r] ^aOcXtl. Translate into Greek. 1 . They went away, having incurred danger and having been dishonored. 2. Having gone away, he was dishonored. 3. Artaxerxes is king instead of his father. 4. Cyrus is deliberating, how he shall be king, instead of his brother. 5. If he maybe able (Gr. 401, k; S. Gr. 274, e) he Avill be king. 6. If they may be able^ they will go away. 7. They favored Cyrus. 8. They did not favor the king. 9. He was not able to be king. 10. They loved Cyrus more than his brother. 11. The army will arrive at Sardis for Cyrus. 12. They are friends to the king rather than to him. 13. They sent (them) all away, disposing (them) so as to be friends to the king. 14. Whoever of those from the king came to them, they put all to death. Exercise LXII. Vocabulary, d(j)ioTr]/Lic (^aTiOy from, i'orrjjiii^ to set ; in the in. trans, tenses, Gr. 416, 1, a; S. Gr. 288, to sta?id)y to set off ; intrans. to stand off. i SHORT SENTENCES. Ill iy,fi(xXXco (J;i or a^^ out, /juXXco^ to cast^, to cast out, to banish. tvvo'Cxo);, (adv. fr. the adj. tvvoi}<6z, favorable ; and that fr. bv well ; and voo^^ vovQy miiid)^ in a friendly manner, favorably. Phrase, tvvol'^cog t^eiVy to hold, or have, in a friendly manner ; to be friendly. fuvy a connective particle not usu. rendered in Eng- Ush ; anticipating another clause usu. intro- duced by 8sy but, or a7id. Phrase, ol [xlv .... ol hky some .... others, Gr. 525, a; S. Gr. 375. MihiTo:;^ ov, i), Miletus, a city of Ionia. Phrase, ol av McXrjTCOy those in Miletus. >T///V (either a conj. or a prep, ; as a prep. w. the gen.), except. i:QOC4iodavo/Liac (>t(?o, before ; ai6v)^avofiaCy to be aware, to perceive ; prin. pts. Gr. 436, 1 ; S. Gr. 300), to be aware beforehand. Const, often w. the ace. and particip., e. g. tov Kvqov ravxa /SovXtvo/iibvov ccioduvojLtcxty I perceive Cyrus 'plotting these things; or, I perceive that Cyrus is plotting these things. Gr. 796 ; 799 ; S. Gr. 545, 546, c. Eng. word fr. aioOciro/Liacy Aes- thetics, the science that treats of the beautiful. TOTSy adv. at that time, then. (o;, w. a finite mode, often denoting purpose, that, in order that. 112 riRST GREEK BOOK, Pronounce the Greek ; translate ; and parse. 1. Evi'Oixco^ ti;(or avico. 2. Evpoi'xa)^ ^^^'>XOv rep /jacjcXth 3. IJoXt/Litlv ixavol rjOav. 4. TcuP TICCQ huVTCp iScCQ^daqCOV STlt/LltXtlTaC, 5. TCOV 71U() eavTCp fjaQfjUQCov ant^uXtlvo cog noXt/Atlv rt l} 1. ^Edoxtc ccvrcp TtOQtvtO&ac avco. 2. Tfjv nQO(faOiv e^OLtlvo co:; Ilcoidag ^ovXo/Litvo^ ax/Sa- Xtiv TtavvaTvaOcv ex rrjg ^coqcc;. 3. ' Hy€a 7.al3cov ooov rjv avTCp aTQartvjLta (Gr. 809; S. Gr. 551). 4. IlaQayyaXXtc rep KXtaQXco Xa/Sovrc lyxttv ooov r^v avTch OTQccTbUfta, 5. Ztviaz avich (Gr. 597 ; 5. Gr. 433) nQOtOrrixti rov av ralg :i:6h':6c ^tvcyov (Gr. 581, a; S. Gr. 422, ba). 6. ^'Hxa Xa,3o)v Tov:; ccvdQa^ tvXtjv ottoOoc Ixavol r]6av rcc^ d^tgo- noXatQ cfjvXarraLV. 7. ""E^^aXtOa tov^ IMiXrjrov tto- KiOQxovvva^^ xal rov:; cpvyddag axaXtvoa ovv avvcS CrQartvtO&ac, 8. Ov nQOoS^av anavOarOy ttqIv avTOvg xarriyaytv Oixada, 9. ""YTao^avo rolg (fv* ydac ^7] (Gr. 837 ; S. Gr. 571) nqoa&av Tvavoao- 'd'acy ttqIv avvovg xarccyayoc oixccda. Translate into GreeJc. 1. It seemed expedient to them to expel the Pisidians wholly from the country. 2. He made tlie pretence that he wished to proceed upward. 3. They came with all the army which they had. 4. They commanded for us the mercenary army in the city. 5. They came with the heavy-armed-men, ex- cept as many as were sufficient to guard the citadel. 6. Those who were besieging the city were called. 122 FIRST GREEK BOOK. 7. We ordered the exiles to make an expedition in company with lis. 8. We did not cease, until we restored the exiles to their home. 9. We promised him not to cease, yntil we should restore the exiles to their home. Exercise LXVI. Vocabulary. ddc^sco, coy -rjao) (a priv. and dixriy justice)^ to in- jure, alqkcoy c5 (princ. pts. Gr. 450, 1 ; S. Gr. 300), to take ; mid. to take for ones self, to choose. av, Gr. 873; 757; S. Gr. 524. aQX(o (princ. pts. Gr. 424, 2 ; S. Gr. 300), to rule, HIGy. 851 ; S. Gr. 580, d. hi>{r]j Tj^, fjy justice ; often justice for a wrong done ; hence, punishment, tiy if whether. tlSovj aor. of oQaco ; princ. pts. Gr. 450, 4 ; S. Gr. 300. e:iioTa/.tac, synopsis and prin. pts. Gr. 404, 6 ; S. Gr. 300, to understand, to know how. t:icTidrjiLit (aTvi, upon ; riiftj/LiCy to put) to put upon ; spoken of punishment, to inflict. Lvay that., in order that ; a final conj. KiXi^xt^, coy, oly Cilicians. fibVTOCy yety however. SHORT SENTENCES 123 olda^ princ. pts., synops. and inflec. Gr. 409, 6; S, Gr. 280, f., io hioio. oriy a declarative conj t/iat. ovy adv. of place, where. TiQog TV. ace, to, towards, against. V7i6 w. gen., i5y, denoting the agent w. pass, verbs. (ft] Lit, prin. pts., synops. and inflec. Gr. 404, 2 ; S. Gr. 274, b, to say, affirm, ZQh^^> only the pres. system in Att., to tvis/i, to de* sire. Note. — The irregular verbs olda and rpri/Lu have not been introduced before, and will require special attention, Pronounce the Greeh ; translate; and parse. 1. OvTog rjv Tcov d/iKfl MiXrjTOv OTQaTtvo/Lib^ vo)v (Gr. 572, a). 2. Kal tids rag o^rjvdgy ov ol KiXixbg ecfvXaTTOv. 3. Ei drj di^aca noLr]6co ov?c Olda. 4. Vrc lAtvTOL dhixtlo^aL (Gr. 774, 775 ; S. Gr. 536, b) vo/Lii^ec vcp iifxcov olda, 5. Tcp dvS()l ov dv tXrj6&t :itl6o/jaiy Lva tldrjrs ore xa\ dQXbO&at iTtioraiLiac, 6. Ugbg tovtov tqr] /jou- Xtoihu (same subj. as tcpr} ; he said he icished, etc. Gr. 774, 775; S. Gr. 536, b) a&tlv. 7. Tnv (Gr. 529; S. Gr. 377, e) di^nv t(fr} xqi^tLv am^ xHiva: avTCp. 8. Jlcav, jj&Oav, j^dsoav. u6av. tloav. hcfaoav. 9. Eialv. ia6cv. lOaatv. idoiy. 124 FIRST GREEK BOOK. cpaolv (Gr. 105, c ; S. Gr. 65, c). 10. ''lode, eavco. id^i. I'rco, lO&i. LOT CO, etc. llnco. 11. 'Hidtcv (Gr. 11, '' But Avlien," etc. S. Gr. 5, b), ddov. iav eldco. f,av Idco, tldtiijv av. l8oc/lic av. 12. Oi tidoveg. ol idovTtg, Translate into Greek, 1. We were of those engaged in military opera- tions around the city. 2. He will see the tents, where the Cilicians are keeping guard. 3. Whether now we shall do justly (lit. just things) we know not. 4. They suppose they (Gr. 774, 775; S. Gr. 536, b) are injured by us. 5. However, we know that they suppose they are injured by the city. 6. We shall yield obedience to the men whom he shall have chosen. 7. You will know that I understand how to be governed also. 8. Know thou that I un- derstand how both to govern and be governed. 9. He will yield obedience to the men whom we shall have chosen, in order that we may know that he un- derstands how to be governed also. 1 0. They said they wished (see No. 6, above, Greek) to go against the king. 11. We were. We went. We knew. 12. We were sending. We sent. We said. 13. We are. We are going. We know. We send. We say. 14. He knew. He saw. 15. The one who knows. The one who saw. 10. To or for the one who knows. To or for the one who saw. GENERAL VOCABULARy. ENGLISH-GREEK. A. Able, kavos^ To be able, dC- vafxai. About (= around), d/i<^i, irepi. "With numerals, wy. Acropolis, ciKpoTTokLs. Admire, 3ai;/xafa), ay a fiat. Affair, Trpayfia. Affirm, (prjjjLL, Against, et?, eV/, or npos, each with the ace. Agreement, to come to an ag. with, KaraXvco rrpos W. the ace. All, Traff, All together, avp^Tras. Already, ^'drj. Always, dei. Among, w. a verb of rest, eV and the dat. ; w. a verb of motion, €Ls and the ace. And, Kni. Both .... and, Ka\ .... KUL \ re ... . Kill, Appoint, dnodeUvvpi. Apprehend, avWafxfidva). Army, arpdrcvfia^ crrparid. Around, see About. Arrive, dcpiKV^op-aL^ napayiypj- /iai, TTdp€l}lL, As, ojs-. As much as, oaos. As many as, oaoi. Assemble, d^pol^a>^ avWeyco, Associate with, avyyiyvoiiai. At, €7TL w. dat. Attempt, neipdoiiai. Aware, to be aware of, atVSai/o- fiat. To be aware of before- hand, TTpoaio-^duofiaL, Away, to go away, dnipxopai^ aneipi. Axe, d^ivT], B. Back, back again, ttoXlv, Bad, KQKOS. Banish, iK^dWco, To be banish- ed, CKTrLTTTCO. Barbarian, pdp^apos. Base, TTovrjpds, Battle, pdxrj. Beast, wild beast, ?ir)p. Beautiful, /caXo'f. Beauty, KaXXos, Become superior to, nepiyiyvo* p-ai. Before, 7rp6. Be^ off, f ^aiTt'co. 126 GENERAL VOCABULARY, Begin, ^Vx"- Behalf, in behalf of, vnip w. gen. Belong to, €1^x1 w. gen. Bette,r, djjLelviov. l]ird, oi.)vis. Black, fx(\as. Boat, 77X0101/. Body, (Tcofia. Bone, oaTeov^ 6(TT0VP. Born, to be born, ylyuo^ai. Both, dfjLCporepco. Both .... and, Kol .... KUL ; T€ . . . . Kill, Boy, Tral?. Breadth, cvpos. Breast-plate, Swpa^. Brother, dbeXcpos, By (agent), vno w. gen. Along by, Trapd w. acc. By land, Kara, yrjv J by sea, Kara SaXar- rav, 0. Call, KaXco). Calumniate, ^lajSdXXa). Cast out, eVjSdXXco. Cast together, a-vfi^dWa), Chance, rvyxd^ci). Choose, oipfOfiaL, Chariot, dp pa. Citizen, nokLTrji, Cluud, pt(j)os. Collect, auXXc'yw. Come, tJko)^ 7rapayiyvop,ai, Command, KcXevcj^ TrpotaTrjpi, Commander, apxcoi/. Competent, Uauus. Conceal, to be concealed from, Xav'^dvo), Confer with, arvp^ovXcixo, w. dat. Contribute, (Tvpj3dX\(o. Cooperate with, orvpTrpdrTO). Country, x^P^* Crown, (TTe(pavos. Current, /joo?, povi, D. Danger, klvBvuos. To be in danger, incur danger, KLvdv P€VO}, Darius, Aapelos-. Daric, dap€LK6s, Daughter, '^vyuTrjp, Day, rjpepa. Death, '^dvaros. Deed, ivpdypa. Deep, jSaSuy. Deliberate, pov\evopai» Delicious, rjbvs. Demand, d^Loco. Depth, ^d^os. Desire, xPnC^- Die, dno^ii/rjaKcj, Difficulties, it pay para. Dishonor, dTipd^oa, Displeased, to be d., ay^opau Dispose, dtaTt'^Tjpi. Door, ?ivpa. Down, dovvn from, Kara w. gen. Dwell, oIk€(o. E. Enemy (in war), noXepios, Entreat, deopai. ^ ENGLISH GREEK. 127 E tablish, Ka3i(rn;/Lti. In the in- trans. tenses, to become es- tablished. Esteem, ayafiai. Every, nas. Except, ttXtjv. Exhibit, iTTibciKwyii. Exile, (f)vydsj (f)€vyoiv. Expedition, to make an ex., (rTpaT€v(o. Expel, eV.3dXXa). Expend one's resources upon, 8a7ravd(D dfj-cpi W. the aCC. Eye, 6(p'^a'\ii6s. F. False, yj/evdrjs. Falsehood, ^//-eOSoff, Far from, Troppco, Father, wari^p. Favor, subst., xap's"* Favor, verb, vncipxco. Favorably, cvvolkcos. Fertile, Kapnocpopog. Flee, (pevycD, Fleet, Ta^vg* Foreigner, ^dp^apos. Friend, (fjlXos. Friendly, (/)iXiof. In a friendly manner, 7rp6s ^Cklav ; also €u- VOLKOiS, Friend-hip, (f)L\La, From, ciTTo. From a person, irapd w. the gen. Front, in front of, irpd, durl. Fugitive, 6 ^eCycov. Full, nXi]pr)i, Furnish, irapexco. To give trou- ble, Trpdypara irapixeLV, G. General, aTparrjyos* Gift, doopov. Give, dldaipi. Give back, give in full, give what is due, dTrobidcopi. Go, 6t/it, €p)(opai. Go away, aTec/xt, dnepxop.ai.» Go into, ctaeLpi. Go up, dua^aivco. God, 36oy. Gold, xp^f^ds. Gobi en, xp'^fJ'ovs. Good, ayaSoy. Govern, «px^- Government, dpxrj. Grace, x^P'-^* Graceful, xaptf*?. Great, peyas. Greater, pd^oav. Guard, cjjvXa^. Guest, ^ivos, H. Hair, 3/ji^ ; often used in the plur. r/3f';^ef, where we should use the sing. Happen, hit, rvyxdua. Have, e;^a). Hear, dicovo). Heavy, ^apCs. Height, ijyjfos. Herald, Ktjpv^, 1.2S GENERAL VOCABULARY. Hero, ijijco?, r- Hill, ylj\o(l)09,<. ^^y^^&wUP^ Home, homeward, olKabe, ^tyttU* Honey, /x«Xt. ^- w UC^O Honor, Tijirj.^^^i^HVi^ HoiKirable, ^aUy Z^l^ Hope, eXTr/f. ^^-^/tX^tiy Horn, K€pa\\:]Tt<^^- ' / Hostile, 7To\€jxiou''iX4s^^^^*v^^<^^f^ House, oiKta.i crClKA^OL> How, oTTcos, c^L^;^ ' JL ^ However, fievroi. rW\J^^^^^4P^ L Inflict (punishment), eiriTi^rjiii Injure, dSt^eo). Instead of, durl. Island, vrjaos. Judge, KpLTTji, Justice, punishment, dUrf. K. Kill, anoKTcivco. King, l^aa-iXcus, To be king, fiu(TL\€V(t>, Kingdom, IBao-iXcia. Know, ol8a. Know how, €7rl(TTa^iai, L. Labor, novos. ^and, yr) ; by land, Kara yrjvm Language, yXwrra. Large, fieyas ; larger, ^€l((ov. Law, pofjLcsm Length, firfKos. Lie down, lie still, KaraKeiixai, Life, jStoff. Light, (^co?. Line-of-battle, (j)d\ay^. Lion. Xecov. Lioness, Xeaiva. Live, OLK€ CO, Long, ^QKpos, M. Man, (iv^pcoTTos^ dvrjp. Old man^ yepodv. Mainland, fj-rr^ipos. Mercenary force, ^€vlk6v. Milk, yciXa. Mind, v6o9^ vovs. Money, xpw^t^* Month, prju. More, pdXXov, Mother, pr)TT}p, Mouth, (TTopa* Much ; as much as, Sa-os ; as many as, oa-oi. Multitude, TrX^Sof. Muse, fJLovo-a. K !N"eed, S/o). Night, vv^. No one, nobody, ovdcls. ^' „ M^^^ Noire, 3o/JU^Or. Not, OU, 0\)K., OV)(y fxf], Nolljing, ovbcp. Nourish, rpicj^co. Nourishment, Tpocf)Tj. Now, pTj. O. Older, oldest, 7rp€a^uT€pos<, npea- jBvTaTOS. Old man, yepcov. On, fTTt. Opponent, dvTLaTaaLcdTrjs* Or,,-. Orator, prjToap, Order, vopo^. To order, KeXevoi. To send orders, Trapa-yyeXXo). Out of, €/C, 6|. Park, Trapabeiaos. Pay, /ito-^os-. Pay attention to, i-mixekioyiai. People, Xecoj. Perceive beforehand, Trpoato-Sci- vopai. Persuade, Tre/So). Phalanx, (paXay^, Place, ri'^rjfxL. Place apart, Sm- Plain, nebiou. Pleasant, i^Suy. Pleasing, xapi?*?. Plot, €7nfiov\r]. Plot againsf, eVi/3ovXeuaj. Power, in the power of, eVi w. dat. Present, to be present, ndpeLfxi. 129 , TTO^e. ()pnL» Promise, {j7ri(Tx^^op,ai. Propitious, tXecor. Punishment, St/c^. Put, TL^irjpL, Put to death, dno' KT€LVOi, Q. Quiet, rjcrvxoi. li. Kank, rd^ts. Rather, p,d\\ov. Rescue by entreaty, efatrco). R store, /cardyco. • Revenue, daafios. River, Trorafios. Road, odik. Round about, Trept. Row, see Rank. Rule, apx^oa. Ruler, apxonp. S. Sake, for the sake of, vnep w. the gen. Same, 6 avros. Satrap, o-aTpdirrjs* Saw, €l8ov ; see opdoa. Sea, SaXncro-a, Att. SaXarra. Seem, seem expedient, Sok/o) ; usu. impers. hoK^I. Seize, al.)i(jd. Self, aurof. Send, nepTTCD, Send away, aTro- Tre/xTTO). Send for, pfTiiTrepno" pal. Send orders, napayyiX" Xo). 130 GENERAL VOCABULARY, Set, ItTTrjfjii. Set off, d(pL(rTTjPLi» Shadow, (TKid. Shepherd, noifirjv. Short, ppaxvs. Silver, apyvpos. Silver, of silver, dpyvpovs* Sl.iy, d7roKT€LPa}, Slow, ^padvs. Small, p.LKp6s, So, OVTCOS. So as, so that, wore. Soldier, o-TpaTiuiTrjs* Some, TLves, Some . . . others, ol pev . , . ot Se. Son, \;i09, Traif. Stand, €(TTT]Ka, Stand apart, dUo-TTjKa, Stand off, d(p€(TTrjfca, Steward, rapias. Stone, X(Sof. Stream, p6os^ povs. Street, 65oy. Strife, epif. Safficient, kai/os'. Support, Tpocf)!], Suppose, vopi^co. Sweet, T]du9. Swift, Ta)(vs* T. Take, Xap^dvu^ alpeco. Take un- der one's protection, vnoXap- (Bdvo). Temple, i/fcor. Tent, (TKrjvrf, Testament, dia'tfjKr), Ti.an, 7/. That (pron ), tKflvos ; (as de- clarative conj.) oTi, wf; (as final conj.) tm, to?. Then, at that time, t6t€. Think, vopL(ij>. This, QVTo^^ ode. Thracian, Opa^, Thus, ouro), 0VTC09. Time, fitting time, Katpos, To, towards, eVi w. the ace., Trpof w. ace. Tongue, yXaxro-a, Att, yXcorra. Trouble, Trpdypara, True, aX7;3/}?. Trumpet, o-dX7riy|. Truth, aXry^eia. Ti'V, mipdco, U. Understand, know how, eniara' pal. Unprepared, dTrapdaKcvos, Until, irpoa^ev .... Trplv, Upon, eVi w. dat. Upward, civco. Vine, a/iTTfXof. Voyage, TrXoor, ttXoi)*. W. Wages, pay, juiaSds. Wagon, dpo^a. Wall, r6i;(o$'. Want, deopat. Watchman, (^i;Xaf, Water, vdcop. Way, oSdy. GREEK — ENGLISH. 131 VT/iMtever, 6 n. Where (relat. adv.>, ov. Whether, €i. Who, relat. o?; interrog. r/y. Whoever, oo-rif. Wholly, TraiTUTrao-ti/. Why, r/; Wide, svpi-;. Width, -2eos. Wise, (To(f>6s. Wish, ^ovXafiat. With, by the side of, napd w dat. ; in company with, avv. AVork, epyov. Worthy, u^los ; to tbiuk worthy. Y. Yet, fxepTOL, GREEK— ENGLISH. ayaSoy, ^, 6p^ good, ayafxai^ dydcroiJiaL, r)yd(T?irjV^ rare Tjyao-dixrjv, to admire^ to es- teem, dSeX(^o?, o{), o, a Irotlier, dSt/ceo), 00, -770-0) rfr. adiKOi UTl- jiist)^ to act unjustly^ w. aa ace. to injure, dei^ adv. always, rf3po/^o), dSpoiVo), Kre. (fr. dSlpooy assembled)^ to assemble. ulpeco^ o), -r](T(jL>^ elXov^ rjprjKa^ VPV /Ltai, jjpe^rjv^ to taJce, to seize. Mid. ^0 tol'^ /br OTze'^ self^ to choose, ahi'^dvopaL^ nla^rjaopai^ jja'^oprjVy g(j?ir]paL^ to perceive^ to become aware of. aKovco, QKOvaopiai^ rJKova-a^ aKr}- Koa^ rJKovcTpai^ rjKova^rjv^ to Jiear, 6 aKpo7roX(9, d/cpOTToXeo)?, T} (uKpo^ highest; ttoKls city), an acro^ poliSj a citadel, dXrj'^rjs^ e'f, true, d\T]'^€La^ ay, t] (fr. d\r]?ir]7ro?, ov, 6, Latin homo^ a human being^ a man, dvTi, prep. w. gen. only, in front of instead of in 'preference to. duTL(TTa(noi>TT]s, ov. 6 (dvTi againft^ 133 GENERAL VOCABULARY. ardais a parfy^ and that fr. ^imjfii to sef)^ an opponent. «j/o>, adv. (fr. avd vp)^ upward, d^iuT)^ 7;v, »;, aJl axe, n^tof, d^ia^ a^LOV^ ICOrtJiy, n^ioo), o), -oxTo), KTe. to deem Wor- thy^ to demand. d7rapa(TK€vos, ov (a priv. rrapa- o-KcvT) a preparation) J unpre- pared. aneiyii (otto aicay ; elfii to go)^ to go away. Usu. as fut. of d7r€p)(^ofiai (uTrd away,' cpxofxai to go)^ dneXevcropai^ USU. anei- /Lit, aTT^XSoi/, dncXrjXv'^a^ tO go away. 0770, prep. w. gen. only, fi^om^ away from; sometimes de- noting means, dno tovtcov tcop )(pr)iJLdT($)v^ with these treas- iires. dlTodeLKVVpL (aTTO Jort7l.^€LKVVpi tO shoic)^ to show forth, publish, appoint. aTTobidcopL (dno away, in full; didojpL to give), to pay in full, to pay what is due. dno'^pfjaKco (dno denoting depar- ture, ?ivrj(TK(ii to die), dno^iavoi)- fiai, dne'^avov, dnoTe'^prjKa, to die. anoKTCLvo) (and denoting depar- ture, KT€LVU> to Tcill), dnOKTfVU), dn€KT€Lva, dneKTova^ to put to death, Tcill^ slay. anon€p.n(o (dno away, nffinao to send), dnontpyf/'d), dnen^iJiylrtu dnoninopcfya, to send away* apyvpos, ov, 6, Silver, dpyvpois, pa, povv, of silver, dppa, dppiiTo^, TO, a chariot. 'Apra^€p^r]9, ov, 6. Artaxerxcs, king of Persia. dpxr]^ ^ff, J7, hegimiing^ command^ government, province. apxa, cip^o, rjp^a, rjpxa, ^py/^at, rjpx'^-qv, to teg in, to govern^ rule, command, apx<^v, 0VT09, 6, a ruler, com* mander. ari/zafo) (a priv., riprj honor), ari/xaoro), r)TLpaaa, TjTipaKa, rjTipao-fjLai, T}TiiJida?ir)v, to dis- honor ; pass, to le dishonor- ed. avToi, T), 6, inters, pron. self; preceded by the article, the same; in the oblique cases, and not in apposition with a noun or pron., him, her, it, them. d(f)LT)pL (dno away,"Lr]pL to send)^ d(f)r]aco, d(f)riKa, a^el/ca, a^fi/iot, d(t)€L?ir]v, to send away, let go, dismiss, d(l)iKV€opaL, ovpai, d(f)L^opai, dcfny- pai, d€(TTi]Kay d(l)€aT(tpaL, dneard'irjv, to J.lace away, remove. In the pf., plupf., fut. pf., and 2(1 aor. act. ; in the pass., and in the / GREEK ENGLISH 133 fut. mid., to stand away^ with- draw, ax'^ofxaL (fr. ux'^oi a lurden), dened, to he displeased. B. /SaSiy, ela, v, deep, fidp^apos^ ov, 6, a barbarian foreigner, l5apvs^ ela, v, heavy, Paaikcia, ay, 17, a Tcingdom. PaaiKcvsj 60)9, 6, a Tcing, paa-iXevoi^ €vcr(o^ KTe. to be Icing^ to reign. ^e\TL(oVj ^iXnov^ COmp. of dya- Sos, better. ftios^ ov^ 0, lije, /SoL/Xeuco, €vcrco^ kt€. to talce coun- sel ; mid. to talce one^s own counsel^ to deliberate. ^ovXofjiai^ ^ovXrjaofjLaL, ^c^ovXt)- paij €povXr]'^r}V^ to IclsJl. /5ouj, ^oosy 6 or 77. an ox^ or cow, ftpa^vs^ iSpaSeia, fipaduj slow, Ppax^s^ Ppax^^a^ ^pcix^t short. FtiXa, ytiXa^Tor, to, milk, yepiav^ yepoz/rof, 6, an old man, •y^, y^f, T/, the earthy the land ; Kara yrjv^ by land. )7;Xo(/)Of, Of, 6 (fr. y»5, Xo(^oj, (272 eminence), an earth-mound, a hill, yiyi/o/xai, y^vriaofxai, y€y(vqpai OV y/yoi/a, eycunprjp, to come into being, to be born, to become, yXoioraa, Att. yXirra, 77 sr, J^j ^ tongue, a language. 4 SaTrai^ao), oj, -rjcra), kt€, (^dairavrj expense), to expend; w. a/i(/)( and ace. to expend one^s re- sources on. bap€LK6s„ OV, 6 (Aapelof), a Daric, a Persian gold coin first is- sued by Darius I. ; hence the name ; worth about $3.50. Aapeiof, OV, 6, Darlus, king of Persia. daaposy ov, 6 (Saio) to divide), rev- enue, tribute. dea-TTOTTj^, OV, 6, a master. deoo, dcrjcTco, ederja-a, dcderjKa, Se- derjp.ai, fSeTj^T/i/, to needy mid. to want, to entreat, did, w. gen. through; w. ace. on account of. hia^dXXtii {hid through, asunder ; '/SaXXo) to cast), dia^aXco, bu- paXov, dia^e^XriKa, dialBqSXrj' pai^ h€^Xrpr]v, to calum- niate. 8La?ir]Krj, rji, rj, a testament. buiTL?iT]pL {did apart ; ri^rjpi to put), SiaSiJo-a), 8i€'ir]Ka, diare- 3ei/ca, dLaTf'ieipai, StfrcS?;!/, tO put apart, to dispose. dua-TTjpu (did apart ; la-rqpi to set)^ diaaTTjaoi), dUerrTja-a, diiw Trjv, diiaTrjKaj dUarapaL, bifaTd' 134 GENERAL VOCABULARY. ^r)v, to set apart ; in the in- traris. tenses and ia the pass, and mid., to stand apart. bUf]^ ?;?, 7/, justice^ punishment. to seem^ to seem expedient, I'Tj'^Tju or r)dvui]?ir]u^ to he able. dui^afjLLs, €(os^ rjj poicer, military power, forces, dvo, two. bcbpop, ov, t6^ a gift, E. ft, if; w. indie, or optat. Idovj aor. of opdco. tlfiL, see Gr. to de; w. gen. to belong to. djjLi, see Gr. to go. Usu. as fut. of €p)(oixaL. fty, /uta, ez/, one. 619, w. acc. only, into, among. e'L(T€LfiL {els, elfiL to go), to go into. €<, before a vowel e^, vv. gen. only, out of from. eKl3ak\(D (fK, /3dXXa), /SaXo), e/Sa- 3771/, to cast), to cast out, to ex- pel. iK€LVos, rj, o, that, iKTrLTTTCD {(K. TTLTTTCO, 7r€(rOVfXaL, €7T€(T0V, TreTTTCOKo), tO full OUt, to be expelled ; 6 eKneTrTCDKois, he who has been expelled, the exile. 'EXXaff, aBos, rj, Hellas, Greece. iXnUy tSof, r), hope. iv, w. dat. only, in, among. e'^atreo), w, -T](rco (e^, aireo) tO aslc), to beg off, to rescue by one's entreaties. €7rl, on, upon; w. dot. depending on, in the power of; \y. acc. to, towards, against. iiTL^ovKevcd {inl, povXevco to taJce counsel), to plot against, w. dat, im^ovXr], rjs, fj, a plot. eTTideLKvvfXL {eiTL, deiKuvfiL to show), to show, to exhibit. CTTLjieXeofiai, ovjiat, and eTrtfJieXo- fiaL (eV/, jJLeXofiaL to care), €7TL- {jLeXrjcroiiaL, iTrLfxefjLeXTjfjLuL, ine- fX€Xr]^r]v, to care for, p^ay at' tention to, w. gen. iiTLa-rajiaL, cTnarrjorofxai, rjTno-rr]- 3771/, to be acquainted wit\ to hiow how. eTTLTL'^TjiJLL {ijTL, tl'^tjixl), enC^i]iT(o, fjiai, eirere'^rjir, tO place upon ; of punishment {hiKrjv) to in- flict. €pyov, ov, TO, a worTc, e/jiff, 1^09^ 77, a strife. €vvoLKods (ev well, voos, mind), in a friendly manner. evpos (eo?), ovs, to, width, evpvi, €la, V, wide. €^(0, €^co or o-x^Cio, ecrxov^ ^^X^' Ka, eo-x^JfJ-uL, eax^'^rjv, to have, to hold. Intrans. to exist, to be ; €upoLK(os ex^Lv, to be friend- ly, w. dat. of person. GREEK ENGLISH. 135 H. 7, or ; with the comparative de- gree, than. rj8r]j already^ now, at once, r}(^L$, eta, i', siceef^ deUcious^ jjleasant, rJK(o^ T]^Q} ; the pres. is often pf. in meaning; and the impf. is ofren used as aor., am come, am here, hate arrived, Tjfiepo, as, T], a dap, Tjv=idv, t/J used only w. the snb- junc. iJTT€Lpo9, ov, 7], mainland, conti- nent, rjpocis, Tjpcoos, 6, a hero. rjavxos, ov, quiet. ^aXacrcra, Att. ?id\aTTa, rjs, 17, the sea, 5at/aT09. Sai/droi;, 6, death. Sau/idfo), ?iavpaaop.ai, rare ^av- p.d(T(o, i'^avpaaa, Te^avfiaKa, rf'^aipacrpai, e?iavfidG^r]v, in- trans. to iconder ; trans, to iconder at, to admire. Sedr, ov, 6 or T], a god, or god- dess. S?7p, '^Tjpos, 6, a wild least. ^opvSos, ^opvpov, 6, a noise. Gpa^, QpaKos, 6, a Thraciau. ^P^^i '''P'-X^^j h 7 ^ften used in the phir. where we use the singular, hair. ^vydrrjp, rpos, r), a daughter. Si'pa, ny, 17, a door, ^oipa^j Scopa/coy, 6, a Iveast-jplate. I lep€vg, €(o5, 6, a priest, iKavus, T], ov, sufficient, alle. iXeois, (OV, propitious, Iva, a final couj., that, in order that, Ittttos, ov, 6, a horse, Ix^^^i "^os, 6, a fish. 'loiviKos, Tj, OV, Ionian. K • Ka'^iaTTjpi (Kard do2Cn, laTTjpi to set, Gr. 403, 5), to set down, to establish. In the intrans. tenses, to hecome established. Kai, and, also, even. Kaipos, ov, 6, a fitting time, KaKos, 77, 6v, bad, wiclced. Kokiw, w, Kokeaco OV KaXw, iKu Xeaa, KeKXrjKa, KeKXrjfiai, eWrj- ^T]v, to call, summon. Pass. to l)e called, named, KaXXof, €os, 0V9, TO, Icauty. Kokos, Y], 6v, leautiful, honor- able. Kap7TO(j)6pO£, OV {jcdpTTOS fruit, (j)C DO) to bear), fruit-leariug, fertile, KacrroaXo's', ov, 6, Castolus, Kard, prep. w. gen. or ace, doxcn^ along ; koto, yijv, hj land, Kardycd (^Kard down, laclc / ay on tO lead), Kard^co, KUTrjyayov, Karrj- 136 GENERAL VOCABULARY. \a, icar?}y/xai, Kartjx'^rjv^ to lead himk^ to restore, KaTuKtifxai {Kara doiDtl^ KC^fiai tO to lie dotcfi^ to lie still. KaraXvu) {Kara doiCTl^ Xva> to loose)^ to dissolce / KaTakixraL npos W. the ace. to come to an agree- ment with, KiKevcDy KcXevcrco^ eKeXevcra^ K€K€- to order, hid, Kipai, KepaTOS and Kepcos, to, a horn, Krjpv^ or KT]pv^, KrjpvKos, 6, a he- raid,
  • , -fvau), KTe, to incur danger. , 6, a temple. vrjaos, ov, rj, an island. GREEK ENGLISH. 137 voyii^oi^ vofiiaco^ or vojilo)^ ivoyna-a^ vevofxiKay vevufiiafJiaLy cvofilcr- S/^i^, to thinky suppose, vojjLosy ov, 6, lawj order, arrange- ment (fr. ve^u)^ to regulate). povs, vovy 6, mind, vv^y vvKTos, 37, night. ^evLKuv, ov, TO (^evof), a merce- nary OY foreign force. ^€i/of, ou, 6, a guest or A6>s^, a stranger, foreign soldier, O o§f, 77 Sf, T6h€, this, obos, oO, 17, a way, road, street. olda, ctaofxai, ydeip or ydrj, to Tcnow, oLKobe (oLKos housej home, de enclit. towards), homewards, home, oIk€CO, a, -T/O-Q), KT€, tO UVC, dwell, olKta, as, T], a hoicse, oivos, ov, 6, wine. ovofia, ovofiaTos, to, a name. onXiTTjs, ov, 6, a heavy-armed soldier, a hoplite. oTTWf, how, in what manner; that, in order that, 6/)aa7, CO, 6\lroiJLai, eldov, eonftaKa, idpdfiai, or QififiaL ; co^p'^rjv, to see. opvLs, opuT^os, 6 ov r], a bird; esp. a cock, or hen, opoSf opovs, TO, a mountain. Of, J7, o, who, which, » oaroi, q, OP, as much as, as many as, oaTLs, tJtls, o,ri, or o ti, whoever, any one who, whichever, w/iat- ever, 6(TTovp, OV, TO, a hone, OTL, that, tecause, ov, before a vowel with smooth breathing ovk, before an aspi- rate, OVX1 'J^ot, ov, ichere, ovdeis, ouSfju/a, ovdev, no one J neut. nothing. OVTOS, aVTT], TOVTO, tJlis, that. ovT(o, thus, so, in this manner; usu. denoting what precedes. 6(p'^aXp6s, ov, 6, an eye, n Tralffj TratSo'ff, 6 or 17, a child; masc. a son, TTciXip, lack, again, lack again, •naPTCLTTacnp {jTCLPTa, naa-Lp), whol" ly. Trapd, w. gen. from ; w. dat. ly the side of, near; w, ace. to the side of, near, along ly, TrapayyeWoj (jrapd along, dyyeX- Xo) to announce), to send or- ders, napayiypopai (napd along, y'ly popQL to lecome), Trapay 6 1/7/0-0- pai, 7rap€y€p6pT]v, napayeyovcL, and Trapayeyeurjpai^ to arrive, napadciaos, napadeio'ov, 6 (a Per- sian word), a park. 138 GENERAL VOCABULARY, rqpet/xt (Trnpa, ^t/^O? ^^ ^^ present^ to arrive, jrap€xs^ around any one^ attendants. TTfpiylyvopaL (jrepi, yiyvopai), ttc- pLyevTjaopm, 7T€pLey€v6pr)v, tt^- piyeyova OV TrepLyeyevrypaij tO become superior to^ to surpass, TiTjyr)^ TJs, J7, a source, fountain, 7rX^2;of, Of?, t6^ a multitude. (Akin to TToXvs.) n\r)u, except. rrXripT]?, p€s^fulL (Akin to tto- Xtf.) n\o7ov, Of, TO, a boat^ a trans- 2)ort. (Akin to ttXcoj to sail.) fTj'OLf, or, 6 (TrXfo) ^Trj^, ou, 6, a soldier, vvyylyvofxai {crvv. yiy uo/j.ot^ which see), to he icith^ to associate with^ w. d:it. (TvWap^iiV(D (jTiv and Xa^jSdVo), which see), to talce together^ to seize, apprehend. (TvXXeya) {avVj Xeyco to gather)^ o-vXXf^o), fTvi/eXe^.i, (rvu€i\o)(a^ avvetXcyfiai^ crvv^Xey-qv^ to gO- ther together, to collect, avptSuWco {avv^ jSciXXco tO cast) (Tvp^aXci), (Tvve^iikov, (tvu^C' PXrjKa, (rvplBeSXrjpat, (TWc^Xfi' 3771/, to cast together; mid. (subjective), to contribute (of one's own means). (TVufiovXcvco {avv, /SovXf t/co to talce counsel), -evaay, /ere., to advise ; mid. to get advice for oner's self, to confer with, w. dat. (Tvpivas, (TvpTTaara^ dvp-nav (avv, TTCLs), a strengthened furni of nas ; all together. (TVpTrpClTTCO {(TVV, TTpaTTCO tO do), (TXjpTTpd^oj, (TvveTTpa^a, avpire' TTpaj^a, avpTrenpnypai, avve- 7rp(ix'^r)u, to do loith (any one), to cooperate with, w. dat. ori'i/, prep. w. dat. only, with, in company with. (Tcopa, (Ta>paTos^ t6^ a hody. ra/iia?, ov, 6, a steicard, Tu^Lf, eo)?, 1) (rdTTco to arrange), a rank, line, esp. of soldiers. Ta;^i'y, em, i', quich. T€, enclit. conjunc, andy re . . . Kai, both . . . and, relxof, ovs, to, a wall. 140 GENERAL VOCABULARY, tI; neut. of rt?; wJnj ? Tifif}^ r)?, »;, honor, rii ; tl ; iiiterrog. pron. icJio f tchich ? wliat? t\s^ t(, iiideP. pron. enclit., some o?ie^ something^ any one, any thing. rorf, then, at that time, Tp€(f)(i), ^p€yj/ct>, e^p€\j/a, rerpotpa, T€?ipoppaL, €Tpd(fir]v, to nourish, support. TpiaKocTLoi, at, a, three hundred, Tpo(pr], rJ9^ rj (Tp6(j)co tO nOUrlsh), nourishment, support, rvy)(dvo}, T€v^opai, iTvxov, T€Tv- X^, (p€v^')uai, or (j)ev^ovp(U, €(f)vyou, 7r€(f)€vya, to flee ; 6 (j)€vycov, the one who flees, the fugitive, (l)TjpL, (prjcrco USn. €p(o, flwa Or cIttov, c'iprjKa, (Xprjiiai, ipprflriv, to say, speaJc, affirm. to flee), a fugitive, an exile. (j)vXa^, aKos, 6, a guard, a watch- man, (pvXdcraco, Att. (j)v\dTT(o, (f)v\d^oi, €(j)v\a^a, 7r€(j)vXaxci, 7re(^('Xay- pai, €(f)v\dx'^r]v, to guard, (ficos, (fxoTos, TO, light. graceful. xdpL9, x^p^^of? ^1 grace, favor. XPiK^i used only in tlie pros, and imperf. in Attic, to de- sire, wish, Xprjpa, aTos, to (j(pdopai tO USr), a thing used; nsu. plur, goods, possessions ; esp. money. ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS. 141 Ypvo-of, oO, 6, gold. Xpvaovs^ TJ^ ovv (xfjvaoi)^ golden. ;(a)pa, as, jy, a country. ^ \l/€vbrjs^ €9^ false. ylr€v8oSj ovf, ro', thejctlsehood. Q o)?, OS, a«i/*; ^^a^, in order that Q)(TT€^ 80 as, 80 that, consequent- Vy. FIEST LESSONS IN GREEK. Note. — The author regrets to find a larger number of typo- graphical errors than usual in this work: although the greater number of them are slight, and such as will cause little or no difficulty to the careful learner. These errors have been occasioned partly by the great distance of the printer from the author — the distance from New York to Chicago — and partly by a destructive fire in the piinting-office, just before the work went to press ; so that many little points, which were correct in the final proofs, were imperfect in the printed work. It has been thought best, in view of the distance of the author from the printer, instead of attempt- ing to correct the stereotyped plates, to make out the following table of additions and corrections, which will not only accompany future editions, but will also be sent, if desu'ed, to those who already have the work. University of Chicago, May, 1871. 2. 3. 4. 7. Additions and Corrections. Page 2. After jj ^upa, insert (-u). Line 1. Erase r] after a^ After 7) ixdxrj, insert (a). After j/fartaf, uisert (t). 7. After ojfkLrrjs, insert (c). 7. After TtoXitTj^, insert (c). 7. After T'a.ata^, insert (t). 12. After xaxo^. xa'Krjj xaXov, read (Eng. cal- m calligraphy^ leal- in Icaleido scope). 27. Line 8 from bottom. For to, read to. 142 ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS. Page 28. Line 2. For "longciV read *' larger."" " 31. Line 5. For (f)sv8osy read ^l.fi;5o^ " 33. ITtli Greek sentence. For*A|to^ (Wt, read''A|toV snrt (i. e., change the grave accent of the first syUablo to the acute). " 41. Line 11. For olx^, read olx^ (without the iota sub- script). " 48. Last line. Ecad, rt'o (stem ti- in the pres. system ; but ti- in the fut. and aor.). " 50. Line 9 from bottom. ''eXvov is obscure. " 59. Line 6. For ?Lvcor, read %viov, " 64. Line 11. For We are sent, read We were sent. " 6G. Line 9. "Or" is obscure. " GO. Line 14. For op(do w^at, read 6p(ao)u.^at. " 66. Last line. For Ttftpcoj/-, read Ttetpwv-. " G9. Line 7 from bottom. For icpaovvto, read ecj^aovvto. " 75. Line 6 from bottom. ^'EppiTttsv is obscure. " 77. Line 2 from bottom. (fiavTJvao is obscm'e. " 86. Line 2 from bottom. For eW, read iav, " 90. Line 8 from bottom. d^pou^ovtaL has no accenj;. " 92. After a^uvrj, insert (t). . v - r " 94. Line 8 from bottom. 'Fxxd^ is obscure. '"AA " 95. Line 6. '^ATtst/xv is obscure. ^ ^ ' " 97. Line 7. For "ace. sing.," read^cc. and voc. sing. " 98. Line 6. ecnv is obscm-e. " 98. Line 6. ea-nV (a simple logical copula, is, e. g. jj olxla iati fiLxpa : or enclitic, yj olxia fxixpd eaifcv). " 102. Line 1. ano^vr^axco, Te2idd7to^vT]6xco. " 107. Line 2 from bottom. For 7, read 8. " 108. Line 9 from bottom. After to deliberate, insert to plot. " 108. Line 8 from bottom. For 6ta, read hui. " 109. Line 3. For Ttapa, read Ttapd. " 109. Last line. For Ocyrtj, read "Ocfr't^ " 112. Line 4 from bottom. Insert 8 after "things." " 113. Line 4 from bottom. For jj, read rj. " 114. Last line. For ayxxil^a^, read av^'kikcn^. " 121. Line 8. For Uxe, read^H;cf. " 122. Line 3 from bottom. iW, read Iva. " 131. Under dxoi'a), after rjxovGyiai, insert, "not used in Attic prose," or erase the word rjxovafiav. " 132. Under uTto^vrjaxco, for aTtots^vyjxa, read t^^vyjxa. " 133. Under bta^id'k'kco, for 8tf^f0'Kr)^rjv, read Stf/Sxr^^j^vr " 134. Under fupo?, for (oo^), read (fo$). " 130. xatdxELjuaL is obscurc. " 136. Under K-Opoj, for ov, read ov. \ T/|e fnc6. M RECENTLY PUBLISHED BY S. C. OE.IGOS & CO. CHICAOO. THE FIRST SIX BOOKS OF WITE EXPLANATOEY NOTES INTENDED FOB BEGINNERS IN TOE EPIO DIAUBOt -j AOOOMPANIED WITH NUMEE0U8 EETEBENOES TO HADLEYS GKEEK "^ \ GEAMMAB, TO KUHNER's LAEGEB GSEEK GEAiLMAIi, AND GOODWIN'S MOODS AND TENSES. BY JAMES R BOISE, Professor of Greek in the University of Chicago, Editor of Xenophon^s AnaLasla, &c., &c. Price S1.75. Mailed, Postagre paid, on Receipt of Price. 0PIXI0:N'S of DISimaUISHED EDUOATOES. No Educational Book ever received stronger commendations from THOSE educators WHOSE VERDICT IS CONSIDERED FINAL, THAN PROFESSOR Boise's First Six Books of Homer's Iliad. Attention is invited to a PART OF those RECEIVED. From Professor A. Harkness, Brown University^ R. L " I take pleasure in expressing to you my high appreciation of its PoO rt accuracy and vahie. I congratulate you on the success with which you have accomplished your difficult task. You seem to have been fortunate in combining the essential requisites of a good edition of Homer. The work is evidently the fruit, not only of ripe and critical scholarship, but also of large and successful experience in the classroom. It cannot fail, [ think, to be abundantly useful.'* From Professor James Hadley, Tale College^ Conn, " You have no reason to deprecate a close and searching criticism. If, in writing for beginners, you have carefully confined yourself to that which will be intelligible and useful to them, that is the highest praise of 2 OPmiONS OF BOISE'S HOMER'S ILIAD (contmued). the book and of its author. But only the dullest critic could fail to sei that the work implies knowledge and learning much beyond what it un- dertakes to communicate, and could never have been written by one who was not profoundly versed in the language and the poet. I shall be much surprised if it does not meet with a warm reception from teachera of Greek, and gain a widely-extended circulation." Jf'rom Dr. A. C. Kendrick, University/ of Rochester^ N. T, " It is a work prepared with great care and fidelity, and is marked by the exact and thorough scholarship and sound judgment which are to be expected from Professor Boise's long experience and high reputation as a classical instructor. I shall feel happy in doing all I can to com- mend it to the notice and use of students in Greek." From E. 0. Haven, President of the University of Michigan, " Dr. Boise's edition of the First Six Books of Homer's Iliad deserves universal use in our schools, because the text is as perfect as the most advanced scholarship of the time can make it ; because the notes caU attention to all the difficulties in the way of students, and show them by the proper use of their Grammars and Dictionaries they can overcome them, or if this is impracticable, the notes directly remove the difficulties." From Professor A. J. Huntington, Columbian College^ Washington^ D. C, * * " I have admired on every page the beauty of the typographical execution. In regard to the literary character of the work, it seems to me that Professor Boise has surpassed himself. All who are familiar with his Anabasis would open this edition of Homer expecting to see the fruits of thorough scholarship. The notes are sufficiently exhaustive and are entirely reliable. The copious references to the excellent grammars of Kiihner and Hadley, and to other sources of needful information, are of great value. I am sure this edition will do much to promote, in our country, the study of, perhaps, the greatest uninspired poet, and the no- blest language the world has produced." From Dr. James B. Angell, LL. D., University of Vermont. " The thorough scholarship of Professor Boise is so well known to me that whenever I take up one of his books I confidently expect to find in it the proofs and fruits of most careful study, and nicest critical acu- men, and of practical acquaintance with the real needs of the American 5a ^ e OPINIONS OF BOISE'S HOMER'S ILIAD (continued). 3 student. The expectation with which I opened his edition of the First Six Books of Homer's Iliad, was fully met on examination of the work. The questions of how, and how much, the pupil should be helped and guided, are, in my judgment, most wisely and happily answered in this volume." From Professor Philander Wiley, Indiana Ashury U7iiversity, ** I make it a rule to test fairly and satisfactorily every work before I endorse it. I have used Clark, Anthon, Felton, and others, and I am now ready to say, without hesitancy, that I prefer this issue of your press to any of them. I have used it with my classes. In notes and references the professor seems to have adopted a just medium, giving some aid, but leaving the student to fix and render permanent his knowledge by some effort in its acquisition." From Professor W. W. Goodwin, Harvard University, Mass. " I can see that it is a most valuable contribution to classical learning, and I trust it will have all the success which it most certainly deserves." From Professor Geo. W. Bliss, Lewishurg University, Penn, " I do not see how a more judicious and every way satisfactory edition of that portion of the Iliad could be desired." From Professor A. N. Arnold, Madison University, Hamilton, N, Y., now in the University of Chicago, " Your Greek type is beautiful, and the book, as a whole, more than Q^ 3 satisfies — it delights the eye. I congratulate the Chicago University and the Chicago Press on the issue of this scholarly commentary and beauti- ful book." From Professor W. A. Stevens, Denison University, Granville, Ohio, " Immediately after its appearance I decided, on examination, to intro- duce -it here. Our Freshman Class have used it during the present Spring 0\ t Ok6 > term. Allow me to say — although my testimony can hardly have an equal value with that, doubtless, received from teachers of longer experi- ence — that the test of recitation-room use fully confirms my first impres- . sion regarding it. We have reason to thank you for supplying a long- r^^ o s ^^ felt deficiency, and relieving us from the employment of — I need not say what text books." OPIiSriOIvrS of BOISE'S HOMER'S ILIAD {continued?). From, Professor N. L. Andrews, Madison University^ Hamilton^ JV. Y. *' Professor Boise's First Six Books of Homer's Hiad is an admirable drill-book for beginners in the Epic dialect. * * * The numerous refer- ences to grammar and lexicon are a decided merit. * * * I shall recom- mend the work to my classes." From Professor Amos N. Currier, Iowa State University, " The notes are full, precise, and admirably adapted to the wants of the student. The author has wisely chosen to instruct the pupil in the art of self-acquirement, instead of furnishing all needed information ready for instant use. The mechanical execution of the work is unex- celled. I shall adopt the work next year." From Professor R. H. Mather, Amherst College^ Mass. *' I always welcome any thing from Professor Boise's classical study, for he never gives forth any thing without careful study and mature thought. His works need no ' puffing ; ' they do that for themselves, and I have no doubt this book will have a large sale. * * * Allow me to add that I am glad so excellent a contribution to the study of Greek should be edited and published with such beautiful type, paper, and bind- ing in the— to say the least — unancient city of Chicago." From Professor Henry W. Haynes, Univet^sity of Vermont *'It is just the kind of text-book I desire, from which to teach Homer. The notes supply precisely the assistance required by the average scholir for the careful study of the author, and no more. They seem designed to save the teacher's time in the recitation-room for a different kind of instruction than in grammatical niceties and epic forms of words." From Professor J. C. Yan Benschoten, Wesleyan University^ Conn, " Boise's Homer, like Boise's Xenophon's Anabasis, is a superior text- book. His text is safe, in beautiful type — thanks to the pubhshers. His notes are of the tonic sort, critical, genial." From Professor Oval Pirkey, Christian Univej^sity, Canton^ Mo, "I am greatly pleased with Professor Boise's Homer's Iliad. It la ielightful." 6a.^€ OPimOKS OF BOISE'S HOMER'S ILIAD (conUnued). o From Professor J. B. Foster, Colbi/ University, Waterville, Maine. " I am greatly pleased with the book. The scholarly, judicious, and conscientious perforniance of the editorial work, with the neatness and beauty of the mechanical execution, combine to render it all that could be reasonably desired in a text-book of the kind. I shall at once recom- mend it for use in this institution." From Professor , Willision Seminary, East Hampton^ N. H, " It is very beautifully printed, and it is a pleasure to study such a text. The notes, also, are scholarly and accurate, neither too many nor too few. They furnish just the help the student, in the early part of his course, needs. I shall recommend the book to our pupils." From Professor Merrick Lyon, University Grammar School, Providence^ R. J, " The notes are clear, concise, and accurate, evincing ripe scholarship and a full apprehension of the difficulties that confront the student as he enters upon the study of epic poetry, and rendering such aid as will en- able him to make rapid and thorough progress. The mechanical execu- tion is all that could be desired, and the book will, doubtless, add new lustre to the brilliant reputation of its accomplished editor." From Professor E. P. Bond, Principal Conn. Lit. Inst., Suffield, Conn. *' I am very much pleased with it as far. as I have gone — have followed the notes through the First and Second Books, and find them remarkably O //^ accurate, scholarly, and apt, meeting the wants of the pupil, clearly ex-cit»C-» pressing what needed to be said, yet very brief and appropriate. The clear and distinct type is pleasant to the eye. I congratulate you on adding to your list of pubhcations so valuable a text-book, and shall recommend it to the next class to whom I shall give instruction in Homer's lUad." From Pi'ofessor Joseph L. Daniels, Olivet College, Michigan. " The convenient size and beautiful finish of the book, the clear text, , the terse notes and grammatical references to those three standard au-oX^ .v^vu thorities, aU please me. We shall introduce it here next term." From Professor H. 0. Newcomb, Eureka CollegCy Illinois, " I do not hesitate to pronounce it the best edition of the * Iliad ' for P^q f^ Schools and Colleges which I have met with. I find the notes very sati^ 6 OPINIONS OF BOISE'S HOMER'S ILIAD {continued). ^ Ko ^ factory ; they are not paraphrases upon the text, which are but an injury to the student, but they are accurate, reliable aids to him, calculated to conduce to his habits of investigation and thoroughness. I am pleased with the mechanical execution of the work. It does credit to its distin- guished author and the enterprising firm of S. C. Griggs & Co. We are using Professor Boise's edition of the ' Anabasis,' and will introduce this Spring his edition of Homer's ' Hiad.' " From Professor Henry F. Scott, Chestnut Hill Academy^ Philadelphia, Pa. "I have examined carefully the * First Six Books of Homer's Iliad,' edited by Professor Boise, and am satisfied that it is superior to any book of the kind before the American public. For advanced students, either in the school or university, the book is invaluable. With regard to the execution of the book, I will only say that there is nothing wanting to make it a complete book in every respect. The paper, type and binding, all unite to form one of the best-looking classical books yet published in this country." From Professor Hale Harrison, Master in St. PauVs School, Concordj ^. H, " Professor Boise's edition of the First Six Books of the Hiad is an admirable, scholarly work. The references to the Grammars seem to be careiul and elaborate. The notes are pithy and clear, going right to the point, without any waste of words. They are of that sort which encour- age investigation^ and teach the student, who is willing to work, hoio to siudy^ while they do not supply him with that sort of information which, to be of any value, should be hunted out by the learner himself from his • grammar and his dictionary." From Professor W. C. Collar, Latin School, Roxhury, Mass. y " I have examined Professor Boise's First Six Books of the Hiad with ^^t\. JtMJU' care, and am glad to testify emphatically to its merits. It is, in my opinion, by far the best edition of the Iliad for school use that has ever appeared in this country. It contains the proper amount of help for the pupil, and help of the riglit sort ; and for teachers to whom the latest and best fruits of German scholarship are inaccessible, it cannot fail to prove a most useful aid. I shall introduce it at once into this school" OPINIONS OF BOISE'S HOMEE'S ILIAD (continued). 7 yrom Professor L. Kistler, Northwestern University^ Evanston^ III, " Having looked with some care through this school edition of the Iliad, I can say that it comes just at the right time to be appreciated. The text and notes are free from many objectionable features contained in other school editions of this great epic. I thhik it will prove to be an excellent text-book in the study of Homer. I shall make use of this edition in my classes." From Professor J. B. Sewall, Bowdoin College, Maine, *' The appearance of the book is very inviting, and from the methodtS't in which I see Professor Boise has conducted his work, I anticipate only gratification from a closer examination. It seems to be a thoroughly scholarly method." From Professor W. A. Packard, Dartmouth College, " It is a beautiful text-book in the style of its publication, and, with the scholarly and judicious notes added by Professor Boise, admirably adapted to the wants of students. I hope it will be used in the prepara- tory schools from which our students come, and shaU recommend it with pleasure." From Prof essor G. W. Shurtlefp, Oherlin College, Ordo, " I have examined it carefully and have no doubt it is the best edi- tion ever published for beginners in the study of the epic. Dr. Boise's notes are always judicious, and in the present instance his numerous references to Hadley, Kiihner, and Goodwin are invaluable." From Professor George H. Bliss, Derby Academy, Vermont, ** Altogether the best school edition of Homer I have seen. We, of the preparatory schools, owe you a debt of gratitude. I shall look with interest for the appearance of the ' First Greek Book.' " From Professor Oscar Hov^es, SJiurtleff College^ Illinois. " The highly condensed form in which Professor Boise has given ua the results of his investigations, will commend itself to every lover of well-digested material. The explanations of grammatical principles and of dialectic forms and usage, both in his own works and by frequent ref- erence to the most approved grammars, are very full and satisfactory, and all reasonable assistance is afforded in translation ; and yet by the sever- est compression the whole has been brought into a compass so small as to 8 OPINIONS OF BOISE'S HOMEE'S ILIAD (continued:). be a matter of surprise. For the study of the epic dialect as such, it is, I think, superior to any edition of Homer accessible to American stu- dents. " The style in which you have published the book is exceedingly neat and elegant, and does you great credit." From Professor Edward North, Hamilton College^ New York. *' Hereafter I shall be glad to use with my classes your edition of Homer's Iliad, with Professor Boise's notes. These Notes have rare value from the fact that, instead of solving difficulties for the learner, they direct him how to solve them for himself, and thus encourage independence of research and thought. " The daily use of a text-book so beautiful and accurately printed, so compactly and suggestively annotated, will be an excellent promoter of scholarly culture." From Professor W. H. Young, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, " The'text is indeed beautiful, the make of the book unexceptionable, the notes and comments judicious and instructive. I shall try it in my next class in the Iliad." From Professor M. L. D'Ooge, University of Michigan, '* I have examined and submitted to the inspection of others ' Boise's Hiad,' published by your house. It is the opinion of all who are compe* tent judges of its merits, that this edition, both in subject matter and mechanical execution, is incomparably superior to any other edition of Homer ever published in this country. The high expectations enter- tained by those who have known of the progress of this work have been fully realized in the judicious and critical notes and grammatical refer- ences, and in the accuracy of the Greek text according to Dindorf. The systematic drill in the peculiarities of the Epic dialect, afforded by a care- ful study of the notes, makes this edition invaluable to beginners in the study of Homer. After a two weeks' trial in my classes, I can confidently assert that to both teacher and pupil this work furnishes a satisfactory 'means of teaching and studying the Homeric dialect. I know of no other Greek text-book that has so inviting an external appearance, and whose typography and mechanism are so faultless." From Professor William Gammell, Brown University, " I have looked over the volume with great interest and satisfaction. Professor Boise's scholarship is of the very highest order, and his edi- OPIOTOITS OF BOISE^S HOMER'S ILLIAD (continued). 9 torial skill and judgment and completeness are universally appreciated, and nowhere more fuUy than among the graduates of Brown University/' From Frofesso7* H. L. Wayland, Kalamazoo College, Micliigan. " Such is my conviction of its value that I have had no hesitation in placing it in our catalogue as the text-book for use in this institution. I am confident that Professor Boise's work will be found as nearly perfect as a work can be.'* From Fro/essor I. N. Demmon, Alliance College^ Ohio, " The text is beautiful and remarkably free from typographical errors. The notes are clear, concise, accurate ; sufficiently copious, and yet free from all pedantry. The aim seems to be to meet the learner only when his difficulties are likely to be real, and the author has selected these places with admirable skill. The frequent reference to the grammar must '1/j^- prove of great advantage to both teacher and student. For school pur-^ : poses this is a great advance on any edition of Homer hitherto published in this country, and supplies a marked want in the line of classical text-»U1 books." From Fro/essor S. H. Taylor, Fhillips Academy, Andover, Mass, " You have done for the pupil just what he needs, giving him help where it is necessary, and then pointing him to the grammar, where he can gather up, by his own study, the additional assistance he requires. The notes everywhere indicate broad and critical scholarship, and a happy appreciation of the difficulties which need elucidation. It is in every sense a very inviting book, and I shall take pleasure in recommending it to my pupils." From Fro/essor E. Ballantine, Indiana University, Bloomington^ Ind, " I am happy to say that I esteem it highly, and shall recommend it to my classes and use it in my class room." From Fro/essor H. B. Hackett, Newton, 2fass. "What I especially admire in the notes on the Iliad of Homer is that they are so well suited, not only to illustrate the language and usages of Homer, but to enable the student to acquire a knowledge of the Greek language itself, and thus prepare himself for the study of other authors. For brevity, pertinence, and suggestive ness, I regard the notes as a model of classical annotation.* ■ 1* . . ■ 10 on A IONS OF BOISE^S HOMER'S ILIAD (continued). From Professor W. S. Tyler, Amherst College^ Mass. " I find the notes just what I expected — the right kind in-' the right places. I am particidarly struck with the fulness and yet the brevity and correctness of the grammatical references and illustrations. While they are, of course, accurate, they seem to me also to be eminently judicious. For the use to which these works are chiefly put, viz., that of preparatory ttadeuts, I do not know how 'the notes could have been improved." From Professor William Allen, Uiiiversity of Wiscondn^ Madison, Wis, " * * * It was only the other day that I was lamenting that there was no American edition of Homer, worthy of the present condition of scholarship, and I w^as pleased to learn that the want had been supplied by such competent hands. I am glad, too, of this sign that the West is entering the field of the highest culture and scholarship. I have ex- amined the notes of several passages, and they appear to me very judi- cious and correct, just adapted to a scholar at this stage of advancement, I shall not hesitate to recommend this as the best edition of the Iliad for class use ; and I do not doubt it w''V be very generally adopted." From Professor C. H. Pentield, Ohcrlin College, Oberlin, Ohio. <■<■*** I s^m greatly pleased with the '"^eamess of the type, excel- lence of the paper, and the general appearance of the book. Its me- chanical execution does honor to your house. * * * As soon as I find time to examine the book more critically I will write you again." From Professor Henry S. Frieze, of the University of Michigan. " I am delighted with your model book, and I must congratulate you most heartily on your perfect success in this first attempt, I believe, to publish a classic in the West. Every one must be struck at the first glance with the neat appearance of the book and its beautiful typography. It seems to me uncqualed in this respect by any edition of Homer, or of jmy other Greek author, hitherto published in this country. The notes, \\\