Y) 31 d^/Y^ .K\n LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 014 077 944 1 # F 73 .37 .S972 Copy 2 LITERARY ANDMARKS OF BOSTON LITERARY LANDMARKS OF BOSTON A VISITOR'S GUIDE TO POINTS OF LITERARY INTEREST IN AND ABOUT BOSTON v' BY LINDSAY SWIFT HOUGHTON MIFFLIN COMPANY BOSTON, NEW YORK, CHICAGO, SAN FRANCISCO ^bc iaibersibe l^vtee Cambribee COPYRIGHT, 1922 BY HOUGHTON MIFFLIN CO. Copyright, 1903, by Houghton, Mifflin & Co. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED A674613 .A. m 171922 CAMBRIDGE • MASSACHUSETTS PRINTED IN THE U.S.A INTRODUCTION There are many good reasons for coming to Boston, whether for pleasure or for profit. In summer it is an excellent watering-place; many beautiful and comfort- able spots are within easy reach, by steamboat and steam or electric cars. Though many monuments are now only memories, it still holds in its keeping some historical landmarks dear to all Americans. Its older parts are quaint, unusual, and often venerable. Its intellectual repute is one of the influences which draw visitors hither. Too much may have been said about it, but something has to be said of the fact that, in proportion to its size, it is a city of great facilities and op- portunities. It has an extraordinary educational equip- ment, especially of the higher sort; its musical and artistic advantages are generally recognized, but in nothing is it stronger than in the domain of letters. Within the metro- politan scope of the city, there are probably two million and a half books available in a more or less public way to any one whose search is a serious one. This is the practical side of the situation, and it is well understood by those who come here, as many do, to read and study. Tradition and "atmosphere" also play their part. Whether by accident or by a normal social and intellec- tual development, Boston at one time drew to itself from without and produced from its own resources a remark- able group of literary men and women, who would have given distinction to any civilized centre. While it is true that this golden age has passed, much of its unforgettable renown still exists. In no provincial spirit this part of the country is proud of the memory of these unusual intelligences, and the rest of the country is not ungen- erous in paying tribute to their worth. All that once iv INTRODUCTION pertained to their daily lives and habits is of vital inter- est to-day. It has seemed desirable, therefore, to indicate in com- pact form the local habitations and the names of the men and women who have helped, or who are now help- ing, through their profession of letters, to make the city of their birth or adoption more memorable. Some of the names are so famous as in a measure to obscure the modest reputation of the rest, yet it is proper to make no discriminations, and to furnish a practicable index to the literary homes, as such, of Boston and its vicinity. For a more extended or critical description of the haunts of celebrities, reference should be had to books which treat the subject in another fashion. Parts of Boston are still old and full of flavor, but as has been suggested, a great deal, once charming and notable, has been swept away by the growth of population and of commerce. The North End and the monuments of the few literary worthies once centred there have almost com- pletely disappeared, while changes, culminating in the Great Fire of 1872, wiped out or occasioned the demo- lition of whole sections once inhabited by the choicest names in Boston's social and literary history. This ex- planation is necessary to account for the absence of many important persons naturally to be looked for in a guide- book of this sort. No mention is made of any one unless there exists some building identified with his life. This will explain the apparent omission of some important landmarks, as for instance the supposed site of Benjamin Franklin's birthplace on Milk Street. The publishers and the compiler are aware that in this, the first attempt of just this kind, omissions and positive errors must be discovered. The renumbering of some of the older streets has been a serious obstacle to accuracy. Criticism and suggestion will be heartily welcome. The arrangement is self-explanatory for the most part, first by districts, then by streets; but in less thickly set- INTRODUCTION v tied sections this has not always been necessary. The dates in parentheses usually following a name indicate the birth and death of a person. The period of residence in a particular house is briefly mentioned. The principal in- formation regarding a person who has lived in more than one house is entered under the most important or inter- esting place of residence. Sweeping as has been the demolition of earlier residen- tial Boston, the last earthly homes of many notable men are still to be found in the ancient burying-grounds, and in particular, the Granary, the King's Chapel, and the Copp's Hill. In these spots, quiet in spite of the turmoil about them, are the houses which the First Clown too confidently said "last till doomsday." Such memorials do not fairly come within the compass of this work. All roads lead to Rome, except in Boston, where they lead to, or certainly from. Park Street Church, the conven- ient centre of the city's life. For many years the corner of Tremont and Park streets has been a rendezvous and a point of departure, especially for visiting strangers. Before starting, it is germane to our purpose to glance at Boston Common, repressing a natural desire to accept such a fascinating legend as that, for instance, William Pynchon^s book, "The Meritorious Price of Christ's Re- demption," was burned here by the common hangman in 1 651; but recalling one feature which must not be for- gotten, — the "Long Path," which runs from Joy Street to Boylston Street, and which is made immortal in "The Autocrat of the Breakfast-Table." One comment arises, as this little "progress" begins, which is obvious indeed, and yet in a way unavoidable. The most fruitful part of the journey lies over Beacon Hill and through the West End. There are some splen- did residences in Boston, and some of the authors here enumerated live in them, but he who visits the spots made most significant through literary achievement vi INTRODUCTION cannot fail to be struck with tlieir extreme simplicity, reserve, and even austerity. The compiler of this work, Lindsay Swift, a distin- guished representative of Literary Boston, and a man of eminent scholarship, passed away on September ii, 1921. For forty-three years he was associated with the Boston Public Library. His home was at $88 Park Street, West Roxbury, where he delighted in a beautiful garden. An authority on literary and historical matters, men-of- letters from all parts of the country turned to him for information and instruction. In his passing Literacy Boston has sustained an irreparable loss The publishers are indebted to Miss Caroline Ticknor for the complete revision of this booklet. LITERARY LANDMARKS OF BOSTON PARK STREET Park Street Church, important strategic point as it is in Boston's topography, is without especial significance in this tour, unless we are pleased to remember that Dr. Edward Everett Hale, half skeptically, liked to think that as a boy, one "Independence Day," he heard from the gallery in this edifice the singing of ''America" for the first time. Here, too, Joseph Cook, nearly fifty years ago, began to attract a gathering which presently became a multitude (so great as soon to fill Tremont Temple), eager to hear this stalwart apologist of conservative orthodoxy meet the oncoming tide of German and Eng- lish philosophic and scientific thought. His books were once as popular as his "Monday Lectures." Cook was to orthodox what Theodore Parker had been, twenty years earher, in Music Hall, to radical Boston. A few years before Mr. Cook, Park Street Church had been filled to overflowing by the Rev. William Henry Harrison Murray, who, young, vigorous, and eloquent, also in his own manner espoused the strait way of Congrega- tionalism. The charms of outdoor life, of the gun, the rod, the pacer, found a place in Murray's muscular Chris- tianity, and his books were popular in their day. ("Ad- ventures in the Wilderness," "The Perfect Horse," "Adi- rondack Tales.") No. 2. John Lothrop Motley. This was the historian's last Bos- ton home (1868-1869) before he went as United States Minister to England, where he died (1877). See also Chestnut and Walnut streets. 2 PARK STREET No. 4. Josiah Quincy (1802-1882), the son of President Quincy, and mayor of Boston. {" Figures of the Past.") Houghton Miflain Co. have been here since 1880. This long-estabHshed house enjoys the distinction of being the sole authorized publishers of the works of the most eminent American authors, including Aldrich, Emerson, PARK STREET Harte, Hawthorne, Holmes, Longfellow, Lowell, Whittier, Thoreau, Harriet Beecher Stowe, and John Fiske. By its succession to the earlier houses of Ticknor & Fields, and Hurd & Houghton, it allied its business interests with the reputations of that brilliant assem- blage of genius which first gave our native literature solidarity and power. The manufacturing plant of Houghton Llifflin Co. is The Riverside Press, Cambridge. No. 5. Josiah Quincy (i 772-1864), the elder, and the President of Harvard University (1829-1845), made this his winter home dur- ing the last seven years of his hfe. (" History of Harvard Univer- sity; " " History of the Boston Athenseum; " " Municipal History of Boston.") No. 8. The Union Club, numbering among its members some of the most distinguished names in Boston's literary annals, now oc- cupies the former home of Abbott Lawrence. No. 9. George Ticknor (1791-1871). Here Ticknor, who with BEACON STREET 3 Edward Everett was among the earliest of "traveled" and culti- vated Americans, wrote his "History of Spanish Literature," from materials collected in his own library, which on his death went to the Public Library. The house is sadly changed from its early im- pressiveness and beauty, yet it is still a worthy monument. Lafay- ette stayed here in 1824, and here, in one part or another of this fourfold structure, once lived Christopher Gore, when governor, Malbone, the miniaturist, Samuel Dexter, the eminent lawyer, and from here was buried Fisher Ames, the Federalist orator. A famous house indeed! BEACON STREET The charms of Beacon Street explain themselves very well. At no point is it more inviting than at Joy or Wal- nut Street, where one may get the beauty of the Common, and the gentle curve to the foot of the hill beyond Charles Street, where it begins to lengthen out on its course to the Brookline Hills beyond. The sense of nearness to such homes as Prescott's and Motley's does not diminish one's satisfaction. No. 10 1-2. The Boston Athenaetmi (estabhshed in 1807). The father of R. W. Emerson was one of its founders. It is a proprie- tary hbrary, and contains over 200,000 volumes. The exterior is one of the most dignified and impressive in Boston, and the interior is newly remodeled. Librarian, Charles K. Bolton (see Brookline). No. 49. Edmund Quincy (1808-1877). In the thirties, but his home was at " Bankside," in Dedham, where he lived and died, " learned in those arts that make a gentleman," to use the words of his friend, Lowell. Concerned in all good works as a citizen, es- pecially as an opponent of slavery, he also wrote several stories. His life of his father, Josiah Quincy (17 7 2-1864) (see Park Street) is a model for charm and elegance, while his novel, " Wensley," was said by Whittier to be the " most readable book of its kind since Hawthorne's 'Blithedale Romance.'" No. 55. William Hickling Prescott (1796-1859). From 1845 to 1859. His reputation was established when he came to this house, but here he wrote the "History of the Conquest of Peru," and " History of the Reign of Philip the Second." No other traces of Prescott's home life in Boston are now in existence. He is buried under St. Paul's Church, on Tremont Street. BEACON STREET HOME OF WILLIAM H. PRESCOTT BEACON STREET No. 71. Philip Henry Savage (1868-1899). From 1896 to 1898. Son of Rev. Minot J. Savage (see St. Botolph Street), and a minor poet of some note and promise. (" First Poems and Fragments; " " Poems.") No. 132. Clara Endicott Sears (1863- ). Miss Sears has re- stored and preserved the old house called " Fruitlands" at Harvard, Mass., Bronson Alcott's Transcendental Experiment of a New Eden. She has also moved the oldest Shaker House from the Harvard Shaker village and placed it near Fruitlands. Both houses are filled with the original furniture and libraries and are open to the public from one o'clock to six o'clock p.m. on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays, from June to October. These houses are on Miss Sears's estate at Harvard, Mass. (Prospect Hill). At the Shaker House the Shaker Industries are exhibited — all very old and authentic. ("Bronson Alcott's Fruitlands;" ''The Unfurling of the Flag;" "The Bill-Singer;" etc.) No. 140. Edith Robinson (1858- ). A novehst. ("A Forced Acquaintance;" ".Penhallow Tales;" " A Loyal Little Maid.") No. 141. Henry Demarest Lloyd (1847-1903). Writer and soci- ologist. ("Wealth against Commonwealth;" "Labor Copartner- ship;" " Newest England.") No. 145. Robert C. Winthrop (1809-1894). His Boston home from 187 1 to 1873. See also Marlborough Street. BEACON STREET 5 No. 159. Francis Cabot Lowell (1S55-1911). United States District Judge. (" Joan of Arc") No. 212. Mary Elizabeth (McGrath) Blake (1840-1907). From i8g6. A frequent contributor of prose and verse to various maga- zines. Once known widely in journalism by her signature, M. E. B. (" Youth in Twelve Centuries;" " Verses along the Way;" etc.) No. 237. Francis Amasa Walker (1840- 1 89 7). Historian, econo- mist, soldier. President of the Massachusetts Institute of Technol- ogy for many years and until his death. (" History of the Second Army Corps;" "Political Economy;" "The Making of the Na- tion;" etc.) No. 239. Henry Williamson Haynes ( 1 831-19 1 2). Archaeologist and ethnologist; contributor to scientific publications. No. 241. Julia Ward Howe (1819-1910). This, Mrs. Howe's Boston home, has been often occupied also by her daughter, Maud (Howe) Elliott (1855- ), wife of John Elliott, the artist, and by her nephew, F. Marion Crawford (1854-1909), both of whom had, however, Hved for some years in the West and abroad respectively, making occasional visits to Mrs. Howe. ("Margaret Fuller;" "Reminiscences;" " From Sunset Ridge: Poems Old and New;" etc.) See also Chestnut Street. No. 289. James Frothingham Hunnewell (1832-1910). Lived formerly in Charlestown; an accomplished student and historian. (" The Lands of Scott; " " The Imperial Island: England's Chronicle in Stone;" " A Century of Town Life.") No. 296. Oliver Wendell Holmes (1809-1894). From 1871 to his death. His study was in the rear of the house, on the second story, looking over the Charles River to Cambridge and beyond. (" Writings," in 13 vols.) This was for some time the residence of his son. Judge Oliver Wendell Holmes (1841- ), of the United States Supreme Court. (" Speeches;" and editor of " Kent's Com- mentaries.") No. 302. William Dean Howells (183 7-1920). From 1885 to 1887. See also Commonwealth Avenue, Louisburg Square, and Cambridge. No. 361. Richard Henry Dana, 2d (1815-1882). From 1874 to 1880. A noted Boston lawyer and writer. (" Two Years before the Mast;" " To Cuba and Back;" editor of Wheaton's " Elements of International Law.") No. 392. James Ford Rhodes (1848- ). Ohio born and reared, Mr. Rhodes has of late years found the atmosphere and literary resources of Boston favorable to the prosecution of his " History of the United States from the Compromise of 1850." 6 BEACON STREET No. 476. Eugenia Brooks Frothingham, niece of Octavius Brooks Frothingham. (" The Turn of the Road.") No. 502. " The Austerfield." Clara (Erskine) Clement Waters (1834-1916). A prolific art-writer and a novelist. ("Stories of HOME OF OLIVER WENDELL HOLMES BEACON STREET (Dr. Holmes in the foreground) Art and Artists; " " Saints in Art; " " Charlotte Cushman; " " Elea- nor Maitland: A Novel;" etc.) No. 528. Dr. Harold Williams (1853- )• A physician who has written novels, as well as medical essays. (" Silken Threads;" " Mr. and Mrs. Morton.") No. 535. " The Charlesgate." Anne Whitney. From 1894 to 1903. See also Mt. Vernon Street. No. 811. Louis C. Elson (1848-1920). Musical critic, lecturer, journahst, and writer. ("National Music of America;" " Curi- CHESTNUT STREET 7 osities of Music;" "Shakespeare in Music;" etc.) Here also is Arthur Elson. (" Critical History of Opera;" " Orchestral Instru- ments and their Use.") WALNUT STREET No. I. Wendell Phillips (181 1- 1884) was born and lived long in this, the first brick house built on Beacon Street. The entrance used to be on Beacon Street. As in the case of Sumner, some of Phillips's oratory has lived to take its rank in literature. Ellen F. Mason, writer and philanthropist, now resides here. No. 2. Charles C. Perkins (1823-1886). An art critic and writer of note. (" Raphael and Michael Angelo;" " Tuscan Sculptors.") No. 7. John Lothrop Motley (18 14-187 7). The childhood home of this eminent historian and diplomat; and in its garret Motley, Thomas Gold x\ppleton (see Commonwealth Avenue), and Wendell Phillips {see above), the closest friends when boys, used to play together. ("The Rise of the Dutch Repubhc;" "The History of the United Netherlands;" " Life and Death of John of Barneveld;" etc.) See also Chestnut and Park streets. No. 8. Francis Parkman (1823-1893). From 1856 to 1864. Parkman is more closely identified with his house on Chestnut Street. No. 10. Robert Charles Winthrop, Jr. (" A Memoir of Robert C. Winthrop.") CHESTNUT STREET Parallel with Beacon Street, and halfway between it and Mt. Vernon Street, runs Chestnut Street from Wal- nut Street, which cuts across its upper end, down across Charles Street, to the river. Lacking some of the rare personal distinction of Mt. Vernon Street, and quite with- out the air of a chastened Bohemia peculiar to Pinckney Street, Chestnut Street has charming qualities of its own, as well as memories, social and literary, too choice to be forgotten. The numbers run down the hill, as is usual on the west side of Beacon Hill. No. 8. George Parsons Lathrop (1851-1898) formerly lived here. (" A Study of Hawthorne; " " Spanish Vistas; " etc. Verses and fiction.) Also Rose (Hawthorne) Lathrop (185 1- ), his wife, 8 CHESTNUT STREET and daughter of Nathaniel Hawthorne. (" Some Memories of Haw- thorne;" "Along the Shore," verse.) No. II. John Lothrop Motley (1814-187 7). About 1848 to 185 1. See also Park and Walnut streets. No. 12. Charles Gordon Ames (1828-1912). Successor of Rev. James Freeman Clarke at the Church of the Disciples. (*' George Eliot's Two Marriages;" " Studies of the Inner Kingdom.") No. 13. Mrs. John T. Sargent. (" Sketches and Reminiscences of the Radical Club of Chestnut Street.") The Radical Club began in 1867, and met at Mrs. Sargent's home. Among the members and lecturers were Emerson, Julia Ward Howe, Henry James, Sr., W. H. Channing, F. B. Sanborn, T. W. Higginson, C. A. Bartol, F. H. Hedge, and Samuel Longfellow. Its complexion was liberal Uni- tarianism, but the Radical Club was to Boston a generation ago what the so-called Transcendental Club was in the thirties. Here lived previously (1863-1865) Mrs. Julia Ward Howe (see also Beacon Street). No. 17. Cyrus Augustus Bartol (1813-1900). Unitarian clergy- man, and one of the longest lived of the early transcendentalists. The West Church on Cambridge, corner of Lynde Street, where he long preached, is now a branch of the Public Library, and an interesting building. Here, too, preached Charles Lowell, the father of the poet Lowell. (" Pictures of Europe; " " Radical Problems; " '' Principles and Portraits.") No. 24. Helen Choate (Pratt) Prince (1857- ). A grand- daughter of Rufus Choate. Lives now in France. ("At the Sign of the Silver Crescent;" "The Strongest Master;" "A Transat- lantic Chatelaine.") No. 33. John Gorham Palfrey (1796-1881). Lived here during 1861 while Postmaster of Boston, 1861-1867, then at 5 Louisburg Square. See also Cambridge. No. 43. Richard Henry Dana (i 787-1879). A founder of the "North American Review," one of the early poets and critics of American national literature, and a lecturer on Shakespeare. For- merly lived at No. 37. (" The Buccaneer, and other Poems;" " The Idle Man;" "Poems and Prose Writings.") No. 50. Francis Parkman (1823-1893). The home of this emi- nent historian for nearly thirty years. (" France and England in North America," in 9 vols.; "The Oregon Trail;" etc.) See also Walnut Street. No. 52. Ralph Adams Cram (1863- ). Architect, author- (" The Decadent; " " Church Building, " " Black Spirits and White;'* "The Gothic Quest," etc.) CHESTNUT STREET 9 No. 55. Nathaniel Greene (1797-1877). Journalist and editor. Also translator from the German and Italian. No. 62. Arlo Bates (1850-1918). To 1902. Mr. Bates, besides filling the Professorship of English Literature at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology was a poet, and, following Mr. Howells's HOME OF FRANCIS I'AKKIMAN CHESTNUT STREET departure, the resident novelist of Boston life, especially of its ar- tistic and Bohemian side. Lived later on Otis Place. ( " The Philis- tines; " " The Puritans; " '' Diary of a Saint; " etc.) His wife, Har- riet Leonora (Vose) Bates (1856-1886), under the name of "Eleanor Putnam," was also an author. No. 96. Alice Brown (1857- ). Miss Brown, who has of late made her winter home at 11 Pinckney Street, is one of an accom- plished group of women who have interpreted with rare delicacy the spirit of New England, and in particular its perplexing "con- science." (" By Oak and Thorn; " " Meadow Grass; " " Margaret Warrener;" "The Mannerings; " " Children of Earth;" drama, won Winthrop Amies' $10,000 prize, in 1915.) MT. VERNON STREET MT. VERNON STREET The street runs from the State House down the hill to the river. Though lacking uniformity to a degree re- markable even in a Boston street, it has, especially from Joy Street to Louisburg Square, a pecuHar charm, for it is Enghsh enough to be a part of London, and has an individual native dignity worthy even of Salem. It is no wonder that it has had in the past, and still has, a fas- cination for men and women of letters. No. 26. Curtis Guild, Sr. (1828-1911). Journalist, editor, writer. (*' Over the Ocean; " " Abroad Again; " " Britons and Muscovites; " '*A Chat about Celebrities.") No. 32. Julia Ward Howe. From 1870 to 1872. See also Bea- con and Chestnut streets. No. 50. The Club of Odd Volumes, founded in 1890 for liter- ary and artistic purposes. Has valuable reference library. No. 53. Massachusetts Society of Mayflower Descendants. Headquarters, with data and memorabiha of Pilgrims. No. 57. Charles Francis Adams ( 1 807-1 886). Son of one Presi- dent of the United States and grandson of another, he himself was Minister to England during the critical period of the Civil War. (As Editor: " The Life and Works of John Adams; " " Life and Works of John Quincy Adams; " " Letters of Mrs. Abigail Adams;" etc.) No. 59. Thomas Bailey Aldrich (183 7-1907). From 1884. Poet and novelist. (''Prudence Palfrey;" "The Stillwater Tragedy;" "Marjorie Daw;" "The Story of a Bad Boy;" and other works; " Writings," in 8 vols., 1897.) See also Charles and Pinckney streets. Here also lived, earlier, Adam Wallace Thaxter (1832-1864). A Boston dramatist and dramatic and literary critic. No. 63. This house, for many years the residence of William Claflin, a governor of Massachusetts, gets much of its literary at- mosphere from the fact that the poet Whittier used to stay here on his visits to Boston. Mary Bucklin (Davenport) Claflin (1825- 1896), wife of Governor Claflin, was herself a writer. ("Personal Recollections of Whittier;" "Brampton Sketches;" "Real Happen- ings.") No. 67. Cornelia Warren (1857-1921). Till 1902. Philan- thropist, business woman, and writer. ("Miss Wilton.") No. 76. Margaret Wade (Campbell) Deland (1857- ). Nov- MT. VERNON STREET ii elist and poet. Mrs. Deland became famous on the publication of "John Ward, Preacher." ("The Old Garden and Other Verses;" "Sidney;" "Philip and His Wife;" "Old Chester Tales;" etc.) Now on Newbury Street. No. 79. John Davis Long (1838-19 15). During 1896 and 1897. Governor of Massachusetts, and Secretary of the Navy. This was previously the home of Judge Horace Gray. (Translation of Virgil's HOMES OF THOMAS BAILEY ALDRICH AND CHARLES FRANCIS ADAMS MT. VERNON STREET "yEneid; " " After Dinner and other Speeches.") Lived at No. 423 Beacon Street from 1875 to 1883. No. 83. William Ellery Channing (i 780-1842). The leader of American Unitarianism, and one of the foremost theologians of his 12 LOUISBURG SQUARE time. He died in this house, which his widow and Ur. William Francis Channing, one of his gifted sons and the inventor of the electric fire-alarm telegraph, occupied for some time afterward. Also lived, earlier, in old Nos. 49 and 61. (" Evidences of Revealed Religion;" " Self-Culture;" " Essaj' on Milton;" etc.) No. 88. Mrs. Adeline D. T. Whitney (1824-1906) . The daugh- ter of Colonel Enoch Train. Lived here until her marriage, about 1845. Her cousin, George Francis Train, widely known as an ec- centric lecturer and writer, also lived in this house. She resided in Milton for many years. No. 92. Anne Whitney (1821-1915). From 1877 to 1893. Toet and sculptor. ("Poems.") See also 535 Beacon Street. No. QQ. John Codman Ropes (1836-1899). A lawyer and a bril- liant military hietorian. This house was his home for the greater part of his life, and here he died. (''The Campaign of Waterloo; " "The First Napoleon;" "The Story of the Civil War.") John T. Wheelwright (1856- ) lived here for a number of years. A brilliant but infrequent writer. (" RoUo's Journey to Cambridge [in part]; " "A Child of the Century;" "A Bad Penny.") No. 112. Margaret Wade Deland. From 1888 to 1894. See No. 76. LOUISBURG SQUARE Running from Mt. Vernon to Pinckney Street, this re- tired spot is the quintessence of the older Boston. With- out positive beauty, its dignity and repose save it from any suggestion of ugliness. Here once bubbled up, it is fondly believed, in the centre of the iron-railed inclosure, that spring of water with which First Settler William Blackstone helped to coax Winthrop and his followers over the river from Charlestown. There is no monument to Blackstone here or anywhere, but in this significant spot stand two statues, one to Columbus and one to Aris- tides the Just, both of Italian make, and presented to the city by a Greek merchant of Boston ! No. 4. William Dean Howells (183 7-1920). About 1884. See also Beacon Street, Commonwealth Avenue, and Cambridge. No. 5. John Gorham Palfrey. From 1862 to 1867. See also Chestnut Street, and Cambridge. No. 10. Louisa May Alcott. Pier Boston home from 1S85 til/ PINCKNEY STREET 13 her death in 1888, though she died in Roxbury. Her father, A. Bronson Alcott, died here after making it in part his home for several years. See also Pinckney Street, and Concord. PINCKNEY STREET Much of the spirit of what Philip Gilbert Hamerton used to call the Noble Bohemianism has been realized by Pinckney Street. In some respects it is the most inter- esting thoroughfare in Boston, running as it does from ( WJ^ \ WL 1 1 Htf. Li iiitiiitiiiiiiiiiitiii iitjii iiiiiiiiii ^^^■aLr 1^ ! \-f ^f * ^4 liiiiti iniiii iii'iiiiidii III lit ill iiijij \\ s-^^.v. »WM» o^s-mmmiii *\ NB«MI»«(M HOMES OF WILLIAM DEAN HQWELLS AND LOUISA MAY ALCOTT LOUISBURG SQUARE Joy Street to the river, down the western ridge o.f Beacon Hill, and dividing the more prosperous and elegant quar- ters to the south and east from the less prosperous and occasionally squalid section which slopes off steeply to Cambridge Street. To Pinckney Street has been given neither poverty nor riches, but it maintains an air of en- tire self-respect and even complacency, for here, as the 14 PINCKNEY STREET following names, will show, have lived people who have given it dignity, and made its quaint individuality yet more memorable. No. 4. Jacob Abbott (1803-1879). One of the most famous of the early nineteenth century educators and writers of New England. 1831-1832. (" The Rollo Books;" etc.) No. 9. Lowell Mason (i 792-1872). A famous Boston musician, composer, and writer on musical subjects. About 1841. ("Mu- sical Letters from Abroad;" etc.) No. II. Edwin P. Whipple (1819-1886). A critical writer of great power and clearness. ("Essays and Reviews;" "Literature and Life.") Alice Brown (1857- ) makes her winter home here. See Chestnut Street. No. 16. Louise Imogen Guiney (1861-1921). Poet, essayist, novelist, and editor. Later in Oxford, England. ("Goose-Quill Papers;" " Patrins;" " Songs at the Start;" etc.) Here hved also Edwin Munroe Bacon (1844-19 16). Journalist, editor, author, antiquarian. A connoisseur of New England, historical and literary. ("Walks and Rides about Boston;" " Historic Pilgrimages in New England;" etc.) See also West Cedar Street. No. 19. Maturin Murray Ballou (1820-1895), In 1843. Founder and editor of several reviews and a proHfic writer of books of travel. ("History of Cuba;" "Due West;" etc.) See also Boylston and Charles streets. No. 20. Louisa May Alcott (183 2-1888), daughter of A. Bronson Alcott (see Concord). Here the Alcotts lived after 1854 for several years. Miss x\lcott's enduring fame is based on a real, if not a purely literary, merit. (Among her works are "Little Women;" "Little Men;" " An Old-Fashioned Girl;" " Hospital Sketches.") See also No. 81, Louisburg Square, and Concord. Mr. Alcott's famous school was in the top story of the old Masonic Temple, since re- placed by the dry-goods store of R. H. Stearns & Co., corner of Tremont Street and Temple Place. No. 21. ElizabethPalmer Peabody (1804-1894). Sister-in-law of Hawthorne, and an early educator and introducer of kindergarten methods. Kept a kindergarten here in 1862 and 1863. ("^Esthetic Papers;" "Record of a School [Alcott's].") No. 54. George Stillman Hillard (1808-1879). Until 1848. A Boston lawyer, educator, orator, and scholar of elegance and taste. One of the intimate friends of Hawthorne, who frequented this house much at one time. ("Memoir of Jeremiah Mason;" "Life of WEST CEDAR STREET 15 George Ticknor [with Mrs. Ticknor];" "Six Months in Italy.") His " Readers" had a great vogue for many years, and were an im- portant formative influence in American education. From 1848 to 1879 at No. 62. He died at Longwood, in Brookhne. No. 66. John Sullivan Dwight (1813-1893). Musical critic, editor, writer. After leaving Brook Farm, where he spent five years, Mr. Dwight lived in this house (1849-1852), with his friend Mrs. Anna Q. Parsons and her daughters.. Here he was married (185 1) to Miss Bullard. Afterward he moved to Charles Street. See also Park Square, and West Cedar Street. No. 78. Zitella Cocke (1847- )• A writer of verse and chil- dren's stories. Now Hving in the South. (" A Doric Reed.") No. 81. Louisa May Alcott. From 1880 for several years. See No. 20; also Louisburg Square and Concord. No. 84. Thomas Bailey Aldrich (183 7-1907). Here was written the famous " Story of a Bad Boy." See also Charles and Mt. Ver- non streets. No. 91. Benjamin FrankUn Stevens (1824-1908). Not to be confounded with the bibliographer of the same name, who died in London in 1901. A literary amateur of no uncertain merit, chiefly known by a series of historical pamphlets. No. 98. Celia (Laighton) Thaxter (1835-1894). Although this poet's childhood and much of her later life were passed in the Isles of Shoals, here she spent several winters when in Boston. (" Drift- wood;" "Idyls and Pastorals;" " Poems;" "An Island Garden.") WEST CEDAR STREET One of the minor, yet still quaint streets of the West End. Its range of interests, social or historical, does not now extend to the north much beyond its junction with Pinckney Street, just about where stood the house of the first white man (Blackstone) in Boston. No. I. John Sullivan Dwight. As Secretary of the Harvard Musical Association, Mr. Dwight moved here with it (1892), and lived here up to his death (1893). The Association has since moved to 57A Chestnut Street. See also Pinckney Street, and Park Square. No. 3. George (1803-1885) and Adeline Treadwell (Parsons) Lunt. In the eighties. Mr. Lunt, who was a figure of some literary importance in his day, wrote among other works: " The Age of Gold, and Other Poems," " Sonnets and Miscellanies;" "Three Eras of i6 ASHBURTON PLACE, HANCOCK ST., ETC. New England." The fine touch of Mrs. Lunt in lyric verse is not yet forgotten. Here also with his sister and brother-in-law dwelt for a time Dr. T. W. Parsons. Henry Childs Merwin (1853- ) later became the occupant of this interesting house. A lawyer by profession, he is also the author of some historical biography and magazine writing of notable fineness and quality. ( " Aaron Burr; " ''Thomas Jefferson;" " Road, Track, and Stable.") No. II. Percival Lowell (1855-1916). Brother of Abbott Law- rence Lowell (see Marlborough Street, and Cambridge). Writer, traveler, and astronomer. (" The Soul of the Far East;" "Occult Japan;" " Mars.") No. 25. Edwin Munroe Bacon. For nearly twenty years he lived here while editor of the " Boston Post," and here he harbored his friend " Taverner," that blend of many fine personalities, at whose passing disappeared a certain mellow and personal note in Boston journalism. See also Pinckney Street. No. 41. Abbie Farwell Brown (187 - ). Poet and writer of clever books for children. ("The Book of Saints and Friendly Beasts;" " In the Days of Giants;" " The Lonesomest Doll.") ASHBURTON PLACE, HANCOCK STREET JOY STREET No. 3 Ashburton Place. Here Mrs. Rebecca Parker Clarke, widow of Dr. Samuel and mother of James Freeman Clarke, kept a boarding-house in the thirties. Among her boarders were Jared Sparks (see Cambridge), Horace Mann, and the three daughters of Dr. Nathaniel Peabody (see also West Street and Salem), Elizabeth, Mary, who afterwards married Horace Mann, and Sophia, who be- came the wife of Hawthorne. No. 20 Hancock Street. Charles Sumner (1811-1874). The successor of Daniel Webster in the United States Senate, and the most potent voice from Massachusetts in national legislation against the extension or existence of slavery. Some of his speeches and orations have become a part of American literature. There is a memorial tablet on the house. ( " The True Grandeur of Nations; " " Prophetic Voices concerning America; " " Complete Works," in 15 vols.) No. 24 Hancock Street. Colonel Samuel Swett (i 782-1866). A prominent citizen of Boston, and a well-known topographical en- gineer. He was versed in military history and strategy, and wrote occasional poems. (" History and Topographical Sketch of Bunker Hill;" " Who was Commander at Bunker Hill?") BRIMMER STREET 17 No. 3 Joy Street. Charlotte Porter (1859- ) and Helen A. Clarke, the founders and editors of " Poet-Lore." Besides making the first English translation of Maeterlinck, they have edited the Works of Mr. and Mrs. Browning. Now at 1 1 Queensbury Street. CHARLES STREET The residential part of Charles Street which concerns the visitor extends from Beacon Street to Cambridge Street. It is without striking or attractive features, yet at one time it was the abode of several Boston worthies memorable in literature. Though passing into that unin- viting senescence where the boarding-house predominates over the home, it still has the flavor of the West End. No. 15. Alice Turner Curtis. Author. ("The Little Runa- ways;" "A Little Heroine at School; " " A Challenge to Adventure; " etc.) No. 76. Maturin Murray Ballou. In 1879 and following years this incessant travaler lived here. See Boylston and Pinckney streets. No. 82. Josiah Phillips Quincy (1829-1910). Son, grandson, and great-grandson respectively of the three Josiahs of the Quincy family. Unlike his three immediate ancestors he did not confine himself to history, politics, and biography, but, more Hke his dis- tinguished uncle, Edmund Quincy (see Beacon Street), he wandered into the field of the imagination. ( " Charicles, a Drama; " " Lyteria, a Dramatic Poem;" "The Peckster Professorship.") No. 127. Lucretia Hale (1820- 1900), the sister of Edward Ev- erett Hale (see Highland Street, Roxbury). She is, perhaps, best known by her humorous juveniles. ( " The Peterkin Papers; " *' The Last of the Peterkins;" "The New Harry and Lucy."). No. 131. Thomas Bailey Aldrich. From 1871 to 1881. The house is identified with some of his important work. See also Mt. Vernon and Pinckney streets. BRIMMER STREET No. 6. William Rounseville Alger (1822-1905). Lecturer and religious writer of unusual force and courage. (" The Destiny of the Soul;" " Poetry of the Orient;" " Life of Edwin Forrest;" etc.) Also Abby Langdon Alger, his daughter, a translator of reputation and interested in folk-lore. (" In Indian Tents. Stories told by Indians.") i8 THE NORTH END No. 25. Henry Wilder Foote (1838-1889). Minister of the ven- erable King's Chapel from 1861 to his death, and its accomplished historian. (''Annals of King's Chapel.") A brother of Arthur Foote, the musician and composer. No. 26. M. A. DeWolfe Howe (1864- ). Editor and author. ("American Bookmen;" "Boston Common;" "The Boston Sym- phony Orchestra;" Editor of " The Beacon Biographies.") No. 44. Samuel Eliot (1821-1898). Author, editor, educator, and orator. At one time President of Trinity College. ("History of Liberty;" "Manual of United States History;" "Poetry for Children;" etc.) OTIS PLACE No. I. Adams ShermanHill (1833-1910). Professor of Rhetoric at Harvard College. ("Our EngHsh;" "The Principles of Rhet- oric;" "The Foundations of Rhetoric;" etc.) No. 4. Arlo Bates. From 1902. See Chestnut Street. No. 14. William Foster Apthorp (1848-1913). Musical critic and writer, and occasional translator. Long known for his explana- tions in the programmes of the Boston Symphony Concerts. ( " Mu- sicians and Music-Lovers, and Other Essays; " " By the Way; Short Essays on Music and Art," 2 vols.; etc.) THE NORTH END This ancient part of the city is well worth a long ram- ble, not only for certain important historical landmarks, but for impressions of several interesting quarters where live at fresco fashion, but enterprising and industrious, various n.ationahties, particularly Italians, Portuguese, and Hebrews. Only a few spots remain which illustrate our specific purpose. Though leaving the visitor to ancient cemeteries largely to his own devices, it is impossible not to call attention to the fact that in the Copp's Hill Burial Ground, reached by going up Hull Street, which leads directly to it from the old Christ Church on Salem Street, is the tomb, one among many of exceeding interest, which contains the remains of Increase (1639-1723), Cotton (1663-1728) and Samuel (i 706-1 785) Mather. We may not even hint at an enumeration of the nearly five hundred published works of the first WASHINGTON STREET DISTRICT 19 two of these worthies. But, not without learning, force, and influ- ence in their day, these sober productions are all forgotten, save only Cotton Mather's " Magnalia." ^^TTT COPP'S HILL BURIAL GROUND On the northeast corner of Union and Marshall streets, built about the middle of the eighteenth century, is a building where was once the shop of one Hopestill Capen. To him was apprenticed in 1769 Benjamin Thompson, later Count Rimiford, after a three years' service in Salem. See also Salem. WASHINGTON STREET DISTRICT FROM BOWDOIN SQUARE TO COMMON STREET Through the central part of the city, starting from the foot of the northern side of Beacon Hill and turning gradually east and south, we come across a number of the older literary houses that, as in the South End, cannot well be grouped by streets. No. 34 Cambridge Street. In the sixties, Harriet Prescott Spof- ford. Later home Newburyport. No. 42 Green Street, near Bowdoin Square. Harriet Beecher 20 WASHINGTON STREET DISTRICT Stowe (1811-1896). From 1826 to 1832, twenty years before she wrote " Uncle Tom's Cabin," and some seven before her marriage. (" Dred;" '' Oldtown Folks;" " The Pearl of Orr's Island;" etc.) No. 2 Lynde Street. Harrison Gray Otis (i 765-1 848). Promi- ent lawyer and mayor of Boston. Built in 1795, the house is now headquarters of The Society for the Preservation of New England Antiquities, a rapidly growing museum open to the public. The building formerly occupied by the " Old Comer Bookstore " (corner Washington and School streets) is a landmark almost as historical as it is literary. It is the oldest bVick building in Boston. OLD CORNER BOOKSTORE BUILDING CORNER OF SCHOOL AND WASHINGTON STREETS Built in 1712, it stands on the site where Anne Hutchinson (1591- 1643) held her famous meetings, for the hberalism of which she was driven from the Colony. So long had this building been put to its former use that its title has been for years a familiar Boston by- word. Beginning with 1828, the front was used as a bookshop by Carter & Hendee. They were succeeded by the following book- f^rms: Allen & Ticknor, WiUiam D. Ticknor, W. D. Ticknor & Co., Ticknor & Fields, E. P. Button & Co., A. Williams & Co., Cupples, Upham & Co., and Damrell & Upham. From this famous corner developed the present firm of Houghton Mifflin Co. (see Park Street), WASHINGTON STREET DISTRICT 21 and the now extinct firm of Roberts Bros. Early in the last century, however, it was the home and shop of Dr. Samuel Clarke, the father of James Freeman Clarke (see Ashburton Place). Twenty years after the time of Elizabeth Peabody's Foreign Bookstore (see West Street), the " Old Corner" could be said to have inherited its power of literary attraction as a place of congregation for the eminent men of the day. Old South Church (corner Milk and Washington streets). In the belfry of this historic church was kept, until 1866, the Prince Library, now held in trust by the Boston Public Library. John Adams was a frequenter of its shelves. Here also Dr. Jeremy Bel- knap (i 744-1 798), historian and divine, long had his study, and much of his work was done here. ("History of New Hamp- shire;" "American Biographies;" "The Foresters: an American Tale.") No. 15 West Street. From 1840 until 1854 the home of Dr. Nathaniel Peabody and his three daughters, Elizabeth, Mary, and Sophia (see also Ashburton Place, and Salem). Here Dr. Peabody and EHzabeth opened their famous " Foreign Bookstore," and here the " Dial" was for a time published. Here too Margaret Fuller (see also Cambridge) began her series of Conversations, or " classes," as they were called. And in this house were often to be met Allston, the artist, Emerson, Ripley, Hawthorne, Hedge, and others who have helped to broaden American thought and literature. No. 31 HoUis Street. The house in which Francis Jackson (1789- 186 1), a prominent reformer, long president of the Anti-Slavery Society, and the author of "A History of the Early Settlement of Newton," entertained Harriet Martineau in 1835. On Hollis Street, "nearly opposite the church" (now the theatre), was the home and school from 181 1 to 1822 of Susanna (Haswell) Rowson(i762-i824), author of the famous " Charlotte Temple." No. 12 Burroughs Place, off Hollis Street. From 1845 to 1856 the home of the Rev. Thomas Starr King (see Charlestown). He afterwards lived for a short time at 76 Dover Street. No. 37 Common Street. Wendell Phillips died here in 1884. See also Walnut Street. No. 93 Tyler Street. ( "The Denison House," a settlement house. Florence Converse (187 1- ), novelist and philanthropist, lived here for some time. ("Diana Victrix;" "The Burden of Christo- pher.") Other literary workers have also lived here temporarily, among them Worthington Chauncey Ford (1858- ), the statisti- cian, economist, and historian. BOYLSTON STREET BOYLSTON STREET With the removal of the Public Library from its old home opposite the Common to Copley Square, what was left of older Boylston Street rapidly changed or disap- peared. Following the law of civic growth, this impor- tant thoroughfare, half-commercial, half-residential, is stretching rapidly westward. Its hterary significance is relatively small, yet not to be ignored. No. II Park Square. From 1886 to 1892 the rooms of the Har- vard Musical Association, and for that period the abode of its presi- dent, John Sullivan Dwight. Later the Association moved to West Cedar Street and thence to Chestnut Street. Carver Street, corner of Broadway Street. Edgar Allan Poe (1809-1849) birthplace. Machine shop now on site. A film of "Annabel Lee" was shown here to Boston authors in 1921 by Joe Mitchell Chappie, who then gave a bust of Poe to the Conservatory of Music, Huntington Avenue. "The Brunswick." Maturin Murray Ballou (see also Charles and Pinckney streets) came here in 1887, and died eight years later while a resident of the house. Lilian Whiting (1855- ), who is a journahst and author of several books, now makes her home here. James Schouler (1839-1920), by profession a lawyer, lived here for some time. Professor Schouler is best known by his " History of the United States under the Constitution; " while Miss Whiting, besides her several "World Beautiful" books, has written "Kate Field: A Record," etc. Her work, entitled " Boston Days," is an apprecia- tion of this city from a personal standpoint. Copley Square. The Public Library of the City of Boston was founded in 1852, and from 1858 to 1894 was on the site of the Colo- nial Theatre (Boylston Street). The present structure, built by the architects McKim, Mead, and White, was opened to the public in 1895, and cost about $2,763,000. The library system contains 1,258,211 volumes, made accessible by a catalogue of about 2,000,000 titles on cards, by Quarterly Bulletins of recent accessions, by Weekly Lists of new books added, by special bibliographies, and by brief reading lists on timely subjects. Besides the Central Library there are 317 distributing agencies, including 16 branches and 15 reading rooms (minor branches). The yearly home use of books is about 2,673,000. A "Handbook of the Library" containing de- MARLBOROUGH STREET 23 scriptions of the mural decorations by Puvis de Chavannes, Edwin A. Abbey, John Elliott, Joseph Linden Smith, and John S. Sargent, and of other important works of art by Daniel C. French, Frederic MacMonnies, and Louis Saint-Gaudens, is for sale on the second floor opposite the elevator, where photographs and postcards of the Library and decorations may also be obtained. Librarian: Charles F. D. Belden. No. 645. George Angier Gordon (1853- ). A prominent Con- gregational clergyman, of Scotch birth; pastor of the historic Old South Church from 1884. Here for nearly forty years. ("The Christ of To-Day;" "The New Epoch for Faith;" etc.) No. 1 154. Massachusetts Historical Society. The oldest institu- tion of its kind in America, established in 1791. Contains a library of about 175,000 books, ov^er 100,000 pamphlets, and many thou- sands of manuscripts. Its own pubhcations, including its valuable Collections and Proceedings, comprise about 125 separate volumes, notable among them Bradford's " History of Plymouth Plantation" and " The Education of Henry Adams." Has large invested funds and a beautiful building to which the pubHc is admitted. Many valuable portraits and rehcs are to be seen, among them the "crossed swords" mentioned in the opening of Thackeray's "Virginians." Worn at the battle of Bunker Hill, one by W. H. Prescott's grand- father, the other by Capt. John Linzee, grandfather of Prescott's wife, these swords were formerly in the library of the historian. Henry Cabot Lodge (1850- ), U.S. Senator from Massachusetts and eminent statesman, historian, and author, has been President of this Society since 1Q15, succeeding in that capacity Charles Fran- cis Adams (i835-i9i5),sonof thefirstof that name (seeMt. Vernon Street). The librarian, Julius Herbert Tuttle (lives in Dedham, Mass.), has long been connected with the Society, is editor of the Dedham Historical Register and author of " The Libraries of the Mathers." Directly across the street, on the very edge of the " Fens," stands French's fine monument to John Boyle O'Reilly (see also Charles- town). MARLBOROUGH STREET Running between Beacon Street and Commonwealth Avenue, and parallel with them, is Marlborough Street. When this section has the added dignity and quality of 24 MARLBOROUGH STREET age, it is likely that this street will hold about the same relation to its neighbors as Chestnut Street now holds to Beacon and Mt. Vernon streets. No, 80. Edward Jackson Lowell. From 1885 to 1890. See also Commonwealth Avenue. No. 90. Robert C. Winthrop. From 1873 to 1894. See also Beacon Street. No. 118. Octavius Brooks Frothingham (1822-1895). Between 1884 and 1890. Son of Nathaniel Langdon (see Charlestown) and brother of Ellen (see Commonwealth Avenue). A radical Unitarian clergyman, who gave up preaching and devoted himself to a literary- life in Boston in 1880. ("Theodore Parker;" "Memoir of W. H. Channing;" " George Ripley;" " Transcendentalism in New Eng- land.") No. 140. Harriett Mulford (Stone) Lothrop. Until 1895. See also Concord. No. 142. Elizabeth Phipps Train (1857- ) . Novelist and trans- lator. ("Autobiography of a Professional Beauty;" "A Social Highwayman.") Now in Duxbury. No. 171. Abbott Lawrence Lowell (1856- ). President of Harvard University since May 19, 1909. Lawyer, publicist and author. See Cambridge. No. 224. '• Grace LeBaron" Upham (1845-1916). The wife of Henry M. Upham, of the publishing firm of Damrell & Upham, and a writer of stories for children. ("The Rosebud Club;" "Little Miss Faith.") No. 303. Helen Leah Reed now lives at Riverbank Court, Cam- bridge. See also Commonwealth Avenue. No. 312. Thomas Sergeant Perry (1845- )• Critic and man of letters, also a translator of some important works. (" From Opitz to Lessing;" "English Literature in the Eighteenth Century;" " Histiory of Greek Literature; " etc.) His wife, Lilla (Cabot) Perry, is a poet of delicacy and quality. ("Heart of the Weed;" "Im- pressions: a Book of \'erse.") No. 358. Barrett Wendell (1855-1921). . A practicer as well as a preacher of sound literature, and Professor of English at Harvard. His " Literary History of America" is a work of unusual strength. ("The Duchess EmiUa," a romance; "Cotton Mather, the Puri- tan Priest;" "Raleigh in Guiana, Rosamund, and A Christmas Masque;" etc.) No. 380. 'Charles James Sprague (1823-1903). From 1880. Son of the poet, Charles Sprague. His published work is small, but COMMONWEALTH AVENUE 25 he contributed poems, papers, and other matter to periodicals for many years. No. 387. Morton Dexter (1846-1910). Son of Henry Martyn Dexter, and formerly editor of the " Congregationalist." ("The Story of the Pilgrims.") No. 393. Charles Gershom Fall (1845- ). ("Dreams;" "A Village Sketch, and Other Poems;" etc.) No. 431. Anna (Eichberg) Lane (1853- ), formerly Mrs. King, and now the wife of John Lane, of " Bodley Head" fame. Here till her second marriage. A writer chiefly of short stories. ("Brown's Retreat, and Other Stories;" " Kitwyk Stories;" etc.) No. 459. Frederic Jesup Stimson ("J. S. of Dale") (1855- ). Lives in Dedham in the slimmer in the reconstructed residence of the Federalist statesman, Fisher Ames. A lawyer and a writer of law- books. His career as a novelist began with a share in the author- ship of the immortal " Rollo's Journey to Cambridge," and among his more popular stories are " Guerndale" and " King Noanett." COMMONWEALTH AVENUE. In Richard Grant White's "Fate of Mansfield Hum- phreys" one of the characters, an EngHsh woman, speaks of this avenue as a ''street for gentlemen to live in," and as the "most beautiful she has ever seen." A hundred years from now there will perhaps be yet more to say of this finely conceived entrance into the city. No. 10. Thomas Gold Appleton (1812-1884). From 1864 to 1884. The brother-in-law of Longfellow and the wit par excelleme of Boston in the last century, as the Rev. Mather Byles was in the eighteenth. Had this briUiant man of the world, with his marked esthetic and literary temperament, felt the pressure of necessity, this country might have gained an artist or a man of letters. (" A Sheaf of Papers;" "A Nile Journal;" etc.) No. 19. Thomas Coffin Amory (181 2-1889). Lawyer and au- thor. ("Life of James SuUivan;" " Mihtary Services of Major- General John Sullivan;" " Transfer of Erin.") No. 40. Edward Jackson Lowell (1845- 1894). Historian. ("The Hessians and Other German Auxiliaries of Great Britain in the Revolutionary War;" " The Eve of the French Revolution.") See also Marlborough Street. No. 45. Kate Gannett Wells (1838-1911). A daughter of the 26 BACK BAY DISTRICT Rev. Ezra Stiles Gannett, and among her other activities a leader of the older views in regard to equal suffrage, to which question she con- tributed by voice and pen, ( " About People; " '' Miss Curtis; " etc.) No. 122. William Lawrence (1850- ). Bishop of the Diocese of Massachusetts since 1893. ( " Life of Amos A. Lawrence;" " Vi- sions and Service;" "Phillips Brooks: A Study;" etc.) No. 176. Elizabeth Foster (Pope) Wesselhoeft (1840-1919). A writer of popular juveniles, of which, among the more recent, are " High School Days in Harbortown; " " Old Sultan's Thanksgiving." No. 184. " The Abbotsford." This modern apartment hotel has been and is the home of several writers, among them Helen Leah Reed (186- ), author of "Miss Theodora" and the "Brenda" stories (see Marlborough Street) ; and Lucy W. Jennison. William Dean Howells, in his energetic Wanderjahrc, once lived on this spot, and "The Abbotsford" covers the site of his Avenue house (see also Beacon Street, Louisburg Square, and Cambridge). No. 191. '' Hotel Agassiz." Anna Fuller (1853-1917). x-\uthor of "A Venetian June;" "A Literary Courtship;" " Pratt Portraits;" etc.; and, up to her death, Ellen Itothingham (1835-1902), the daughter of Nathaniel Langdon (see Charlestown) and sister of Octavius Brooks Frothingham (see Marlborough Street). Noted for her fine translations from the German, especially of Lessing, Goethe, Auerbach, and Grillparzer. No. 325. Hannah Parker Kimball (1861-1921). A verse writer. (" Soul and Sense;" "The Cup of Life;" " Victory;" etc.) No. 333. William Dana Orcutt (1870- ). Printer, author, and lecturer. Associated with the Plimpton Press, Norwood, Mass. ("Good Old Dorchester;" "Writer's Desk Book;" "The Bache- lors;" etc.) No. 340. Ashton Rollins Willard (1858-1918). A lawyer and Utterateur, who devoted himself to a study of Italian art. (" His- tory of Modern Italian Art;" " The Land of the Latins.") No. 477. Willis Boyd Allen (1855- ). Lawyer and author. ("Mountaineer Series;" " Cloud and Cliff;" " Forest Home Series;" etc.) BACK BAY DISTRICT OUTSIDE OF BEACON AND MARLBOROUGH STREETS AND COMMONWEALTH AVENUE Berkeley Street, No. 249. Edmund Farwell Slafter (1816-1906). Clergyman, an accurate and scholarly historian, and the President BACK BAY DISTRICT 27 of the Prince Society. (" John Checkley; or the Evolution of Re- ligious Tolerance in Massachusetts Bay;" " Voyage of the North- men to America.") Clarendon Street, No. 233. Phillips Brooks (1835-1893). Ac- counted the foremost preacher in America of his day, and the sixth Bishop of the Diocese of Massachusetts in the Protestant Episcopal Church. This rectory was the home of Phillips Brooks for many years until his death, but Trinity Church is the true memorial of his life and works. (" The Influence of Jesus: Bohlen Lectures;" " Let- ters of Travel;" etc.) Clarendon Street, No. 270. Anna Coleman Ladd (1878- ). Sculptor, author. ('' Hieronymous Rides;" "The Candid Adven- turer.") Dartmouth Street, " Trinity Court." Leon Henry Vincent (1859- ). Author and lecturer. ("The Bibliotaph;" "Brief Studies in French Society and Letters in the XVIIth Century," 4 vols.) The Boston Authors' Club has its headquarters here. No. 81. Charles Carleton Coffin (1823-1896). Under the signa- ture of " Carleton," a once famous war correspondent, journalist, and writer. His numerous books, patriotically historical, have ap- pealed to American youth. ("Winning his Way;" "Following the Flag;" etc.) No. 281. May Alden Ward (1853-1918). A writer, chiefly of artistic biography. (" Petrarch; " " Dante;" " Old Colony Days.") St. James Avenue (off Copley Square), " The Ludlow." Richard (Eugene) Burton (1859- ). Author, editor, critic, and publisher. Now Head o.f the English Department of the University of Minne- sota. (" Dumb in June, and Other Poems;" " Forces in Fiction;" " John Greenleaf Whittier;" " Literary Likings;" etc.) Huntington Avenue, " The Oxford." Catherine Mary (Reignolds) (Mrs. Erving) Winslow (183 -191 1). A once popular actress and also a well-known reader. (" Yesterdays with Actors;" " Readings from the Old English Dramatists;" etc.) No. 90. Horatio Willis Dresser (1866- ). A writer on "ap- pHed" metaphysics. Best known for his " Power of Silence." Now hving in Brookline. St. Botolph Street, No. loi. Minot J. Savage (1841-1918). A radical clergyman, writer on modern social science, Christianity, and psychical research. Moved to New York. ( " Jesus and Mod- em Life;" "Can Telepathy Explain?" " Bluffton: A Novel;" etc.) Here also lived his son Phillip Henry Savage (see Beacon Street). No. 102. Edwin Reed (183 5- 1 908). Shakespearean scholar, and 28 BACK BAY DISTRICT one of the strongest advocates of the " Baconian Theory," (" Ba- con vs. Shakspeare;" " Bacon and Shakspeare Parallelisms.") Newbury Street, No. 4. The St. Botolph Club. A club which through its members exerts a powerful influence on the literary, artistic, and musical interests of Boston. No. 28. American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Established in 1780. The oldest scientific society in America, with the exception of the American Philosophical Society in Philadelphia, founded thirty-seven years earlier. The building was erected in 19 12 in memory of Alexander Agassiz, eminent scientist and President of the Academy, 1894-1903. The membership is limited to 600 and now consists of 567 Fellows, 69 of whom are foreign honorary mem- bers. The proceedings of the Academy are published in 57 volumes. George Foot Moore, Frothingham Professor of the History of Re- ligion at Harvard University and author of many theological writ- ings, is now President of the Academy. No. 35. Margaret Deland. Since 1902. See also Mt. Vernon Street. No. 250. VidaD. Scudder (1861- ). Until 1902. A Professor of English Literature at Wellesley College, as well as critic and editor. ("The Life of the Spirit in the Modern English Poets;" "Social Ideals in English Letters;" etc.) Now in Newton. Fairfield Street, No. 16. John Torrey Morse, Jr. (1840- ). Nephew and biographer of Oliver Wendell Holmes. Besides his " Life" of Holmes, he has written historical biographies of Hamilton, J. Q. Adams, Jefferson, John Adams, Lincoln, and Franklin. Charles River Square, No. 5. Ferris Greenslet (1875- ). Pub- lisher, author, and editor. (" Joseph Glanvill;" " The Quest of the Holy Grail;" " Life of Thomas Bailey Aldrich.") Massachusetts Avenue, No. 31, " The Stratford." Thomas Rus- sell Sullivan (1849-1916). Novehst and dramatist. Besides sev- eral plays, he wrote " Tom Sylvester;" " Roses of Shadow;" " Ars et Vita;" " The Courage of Conviction;" etc. Westland Avenue, No. 68. James Jeffrey Roche (1847-1908). A popular Boston journalist and writer both of prose and verse. Was long editor of " The Pilot." ( " Ballads of Blue Water;" " Life of John Boyle O'Reilly;" " Her Majesty the King," etc.) Fenway, No. 24. Moorfield Storey (1845- ). Lawyer, and participant, through his pen, in the vital questions of the times. His home is now at Lincoln, Mass. {" Charles Sumner.") Off to the right and across the railroad is: — Bay State Road, No. 211. Robert Grant (1852- ). A judge of the busy Probate Court, he has written sketches and stories full THE SOUTH END 29 of gracious touches and a delicate sympathy with life. Notwith- standing the ''daintier sense" of most of his writing, he has achieved one novel so serious as to be almost solemn, " Unleavened Bread." ("Reflections of a Married Man;" "The Art of Living;" "The Opinions of a Philosopher.") Bay State Road, No. 225. William Lindsey (1858- ). Author. ("The Severed Mantle;" " Red Wine of Roussillon.") THE SOUTH END No. 36 Claremont Park. Walter Leon Sawyer (1862-1915). Journalist, editor, and an admirable exponent of the social asj^ects of the " South End " of Boston. ( "An Outland Journey; " "A Local Habitation.") No. 175 Warren Avenue. Frank Gelett Burgess. From 1899 to igoi. A humorous writer, best known as the editor of "The Lark" and the author of the famous "Purple Cow." (" Vivette; or, The Memoirs of the Romance Association;" etc.) No. 28 Rutland Square. (Ellen) Louise Chandler Moulton (1835- 1908). Poet and prose writer. Among her numerous works are "Poems;" "Swallow Flights;" "Miss Eyre from Boston;" "At the Wind's Will." No. 598 Tremont Street. Charles James Sprague (1823-1903). Up to 1880. See also Marlborough Street. No. 638. William Elliot Griffis ( 1 843- ) . Now in Ithaca, N. Y. He has written largely on Japan, on early American history, and of late on Holland. (" The Mikado's Empire;" " Japan: in History, Folk-Lore, and Art;" " The Pilgrims in their Three Homes;" " The American in Holland.") No. 28 Worcester Street. Hezekiah Butterworth (1837-1905). A prolific writer for youth, and for many years on the staff of the "Youth's Companion." ("Zigzag Journeys;" "The Knight of Liberty;" " In the Boyhood of Lincoln;" etc.) No. 65. William Henry Whitmore (1836-1900). His latest home. Long the City Registrar of Boston, and an authority on matters of genealogy and local history. (" American Genealogy;" editor of the " Andros Tracts;" etc.) No. 47 Concord Square. Ralph Waldo Trine (1866- ). From 1894 to 1896, then St. Botolph Street. Now living in Ossining, New York. Writer and lecturer. (" What all the World's a-Seeking;" " In Tune with the Infinite.") No. 61 Brookline Street. Justin Winsor, the eminent historian, librarian, and bibliographer. From 1861 to 1871, during part of 30 ROXBURY which time he was Superintendent of the Boston Public Library. Later lived in Cambridge. No. 20 Union Park. " South End House." Robert Archey Woods. Humanitarian and social student. ("The City Wilder- ness;" " Americans in Process.") No. 1330 Washington Street. Mary Elizabeth (McGrath) Blake. From 1876 to 1895. See Beacon Street. DORCHESTER Comprising Wards 16, 20, and 24 of the city, Dor- chester covers a large territory, and is interesting histori- cally, but it is rather barren of hterary landmarks. William Taylor Adams (1822-1897), dear as "Ohver Optic" to the boys of a generation ago, hved at 1479 Dorchester Avenue at the time of his death. The house is no longer standing. At 55 Lynd- hurst Street, years ago, lived Frederic Beecher Perkins (1828-1899), grandson of Lyman Beecher, and father of Charlotte (Perkins) Stet- son (now Oilman). He was an accomplished librarian, editor, and bibhographer. ("Scrope, or the Lost Library," besides "Devil- Puzzlers, and other Studies," and " Charles Dickens: his Life and Works.") Edward Payson Jackson (i 840-1905). At 41 Lyndhurst Street. Educator, author, and writer for magazines. (" Character Build- ing;" "The Earth in Space;" also a novel, "A Demigod.") Jef- ferson Lee Harbour (1857- ), formerly on the staff of the " Youth's Companion," and writer of many short stories, hves at 3 Bowdoin Avenue. Maria Susanna Cummins, author of " The Lamphghter," died in Dorchester in 1866. See Salem. ROXBURY When the residents of the old city of Roxbury became (by an- nexation in 1868) citizens of Boston, the latter acquired rights of proprietary pride in a worthy list of Roxbury names. John Eliot (1604-1690), the Apostle to the Indians, whose remains He in the ancient and well-nigh forgotten burying-ground at the corner of Washington and Eustis streets, may fitly be said to head the roll of Roxbury's literary fame, while Edward Everett Hale, in his home on Highland Street, only a few steps from the present home of John Eliot's first charge, — the First Religious Society of Roxbury, — represented it as few of the present day could. ' ROXBURY 31 Eliot's permanent claim to remembrance in letters as well as in history is his translation of the Bible into the Indian tongue (copies of the editions of 1663 and 1685 are in the Public Library), but his Indian Grammar, his Indian Primer, " The Glorious Progress of the Gospel amongst the Indians," are memorable too. Nor may we THE FIRST CHURCH IN ROXBURY Present Home of John Eliot's First Charge forget that Eliot made Baxter's " Call to the Unconverted " familiar to the Indians under the title of " Wehkomaonganoo asquam Peauto- gig Kah asquam Quinnuppegig." Dr. Hale's literary activity covered a long reach of time and a wide field of accompHshments. To mention him is to recall his master- piece, "The Man without a Country;" then, omitting to recount his many contributions to history, biography, and philanthropy, there come to mind his latest and ripest, " A New England Boy- hood;" "James Russell Lowell and his Friends;" and "Memories of a Hundred Years." In this Highland Street home, now moved several rods from its original location, have sojourned for long pe- riods his sister, Lucretia Peabody Hale (1820-1900), and his son, Edward Everett Hale, Jr. (1863- ), who has written " James Rus- sell Lowell;" "Ballads and Ballad Poetry;" and with his father, " Franklin in France." Farther up Highland Street, at No. 125, the house now occupied by St. Monica's Home, lived William Lloyd Garrison (1805-1879), 32 ROXBURY the living soul of the anti-slavery cause. Though eloquent himself, he made, as editor of " The Liberator," the press the chief agency of his purpose, while Phillips and Sumner relied mainly on their match- less oratory. ( " Thoughts on African Colonization; " " Sonnets and Other Poems.") At 2 Linwood Square (off Linwood Street and between Highland and Centre streets) lived Jane Goodwin Austin (i 831-1894), the author of a series of romances relating to the Pilgrims and their descendants, of considerable hterary importance. ("A Nameless Nobleman; " " Standish of Standish; " " Dr. LeBaron and his Daugh- ters;" etc.) See Concord. Julius H. Ward (183 7-1 89 7) lived at 23 Linwood Street. Clergy- man, author, and long on the staff of the '' Boston Herald." ( " Life and Letters of James Gates Percival;" "The Church in Modern Society;" " Life of Bishop White.") See also Brookline. No. 16 Warren Place. William Adolphus Wheeler (1833-1874), librarian and bibliographical scholar, who edited an abridgment of Webster's Dictionary, and compiled the useful "Dictionary of the Noted Names of Fiction," and "FamiUar Allusions." Warren Street, corner Regent. ("The Warren.") Henry Wood (1834-1909), a writer on psychological and economic themes, and also a novehst. ("Edward Burton" and "Victor Severus," novels; "The Political Economy of Natural Law;" etc.) Moved later to Cambridge. No. 144 Dudley Street. John Preston True (1859- )• A popu- lar writer of juveniles. Now lives at Waban. ("The Iron Star;" "Scouting for Light Horse Harry;" etc.) No. I Atherton Place. Katherine Eleanor Conway (1853- )• Poet and journalist. ("Songs of the Sunrise Slope;" "Lalor's Maples;" "Way of the World;" etc.) No. 52 Atherton Street. Helen Maria Winslow (185 1- ). Au- thor and journahst. ("The Shawsheen Mills; " " Concerning Cats; " "Literary Boston of To-Day;" etc.) Now at Shirley, Mass. No. 10 Rockville Park. This was the home of Samuel Gardner (i 798-1875) and his sons, Francis Samuel (1828-1885) and Samuel Adams Drake (1833-1905), all men of strong and similar literary and antiquarian tastes and accomplishments. S. G. Drake, besides editing several historical works, wrote "History and Antiquities of Boston;" "Annals of Witchcraft in New England;" and numerous works on the Indians. F. S. Drake, whose "Dictionary of American Biography" has been incorporated in "Appleton's Cyclopaedia of Biography," was also the author of a "Life of General Knox," a his- tory of the "Town of Roxbury," etc. His brother, S. A. Drake, WEST ROXBURY 33 who lived in Maine, was the author of a large number of historico- antiquarian works, among which "Old Landmarks and Historic Personages of Boston," "Nooks and Corners of the New England Coast," and "Old Landmarks and Historic Fields of Mid^llesex" are memorable. F. S. Drake also hved, after his father's death, at No. 3 Mt. Warren Street. In the house at the corner of Moreland and Fairland streets lived Epes Sargent (1812-1880), the author of the famiHar poem "Life on the Ocean Wave." He was once a prominent poet, dramatist, and novelist, and compiler of a series of Standard Readers and Spellers. Among his works are "PecuHar: A Tale of the Great Transition;" "Velasco, A Tragedy;" "The Woman who Dared;" "Songs of the Sea." No. 59 Waverley Street. Charles Follen Adams (1842-1918). Best and deservedly remembered as the author of "Leedle Yawcob Strau$s, and Other Poems;" "Dialect Ballads;" and the hke. WEST ROXBURY AND BROOK FARM Although in the wide territory comprised by Jamaica Plain, Forest Hills, and West Roxbury, there are several names of importance and interest, which will be briefly summarized below, the crowning feature in the annals, historical and literary, of this picturesque district of the city is "Brook Farm." This beautiful but unfertile es- tate, comprising originally about 1 70 acres, was bought on a mortgage for $10,500. In the spring of 184 1, George Ripley and his wife, with a few other chosen spirits, began the new life there. The Association, which was in no sense a Socialistic Community, was later and formally known as the Brook Farm Institute of Agriculture and Education. In May, 1845, it became the Brook Farm Phalanx, under a modified form of Fourierism, and de- clined in influence and prosperity from that time until 1847, when it ceased to exist as an experiment. The ex- cellent school, the farming, and various small industries were the means of livelihood. Among the members who later in life achieved distinction in literature and other pursuits were George Ripley, for years a successful editor in New York; Charles A. Dana, editor of the "New York 34 WEST ROXBURY Sun;" John S. Dwight, musical critic; and Nathaniel Hawthorne, whose "Blithedale Romance" gives the effect if not the substance of Brook Farm life, as the great romancer found it. Among the frequent visitors and in a measure identified with the venture were Emer- son, Alcott, Margaret Fuller, W. H. Channing, Orestes A. Brownson, Theodore Parker, C. P. Cranch, Albert Brisbane, and Elizabeth P. Peabody. Eminent among the many bright scholars were the two Curtises, George WilHam and Burrill, and Isaac T. Hecker, later a Paul- ist Father. Mrs. Abby Morton Diaz and Georgiana Bruce, afterwards Mrs. Kirby, were among the teachers. The building first met on entering the estate is now the Martin Luther Orphan Home, and rests on the founda- tions of the old "Hive," one of the important centres of the Brook Farm life. The only community build- ing now standing is the cottage some distance inside the estate. It is mistakenly called the " Margaret Fuller " Cottage. On the highest point are the traces of the cel- lar of the Eyry, where Hved the Ripleys, Miss Bruce, the Curtises, and the eccentric Charles Newcomb. Below this site and toward the entrance, on a sandbank, one may find faint evidences that here once stood a long, narrow building. It was the famous Phalanstery, and its destruc- tion by fire in 1846 hastened the ruin of the enterprise. Brook Farm may be reached by taking a " Charles River" car from Forest Hills and walking through Baker Street for about a mile, or one may get out at Highland station and take an automobile. A visitor will be repaid by going to this famous spot, but the impression received there is in part a melancholy one, for everything speaks of a once briUiant experiment, now hopelessly a thing of the past. A few of the literary names of the past and the present of the West Roxbury district are as follows: In Jamaica Plain, — the Rev. James Freeman Clarke (1810-1888), on Woodside Avenue; Rev. Charles F. Dole (1845- ), 14 Roanoke Avenue; Nathan Haskell Dole (1852- ), 12 Dane Street; Elizabeth P. Peabody, who died in CHARLESTOWN 35 Jamaica Plain; Caroline Ticknor, 15 Harris Avenue; Fanny E. Coe, 4 Brewer Street, writer of children's stories; Edwin Las- setter Bynner (1842-1893), the author of "Agnes Surriage," and other historical fiction of a high order; Ednah Dow (Littlehale) Cheney (1824-1904), the biographer of Louisa M. Alcott, 117 Forest Hills Street. In West Roxbury, — Theodore Parker, on Centre Street, near the Spring Street station. Down Centre Street toward Boston formerly stood Theodore Parker's Church, during his first ministry from 1837 to 1846. His statue is in front of the present Unitarian Church, corner of Centre and Corey streets. CHARLESTOWN This rather out-of-the-way district of Boston — once a city apart — has had much more to do with the making of history than of Hterature. Yet Charlestown has borne, bred, or harbored a notable, if small, array of writers. Among those of whom there are left no domestic memorials in the old town are James Walker (i 794-1874), minister at Charlestown, 1818-1838, President of Harvard University, 1853-1860; author of "Lectures on Natural Religion," and "Lectures on the Philosophy of Religion," etc.; Nathaniel Langdon Frothingham (i 793-1870), father of Octavius Brooks and Ellen Frothingham (see Marlborough Street, and Commonwealth Avenue), and master of a singularly graceful and refined style, displayed in such works as "Deism of Christianity," "Sermons in the Order of a Twelvemonth," and "Metrical Pieces, Original and Translated;" Richard Frothingham (1812-1880), editor of the "Boston Morning Post" from 1852 until 1865, and a marked contributor to local annals by his "History of the Siege of Boston," his "History of Charlestown," etc. At No. 34 Winthrop Street lived for many years John Boyle O'Reilly (1844-1890), poet, editor, patriot, and wit. He was long editor of "The Pilot." Although some of his work is ephemeral, much of it is true poetry. In the old Edes House, 201 Main Street, lived for a time "The Father of American Geography," Jedidiah Morse (1761-1826). As an author he is best known by his "Elements of Geography," "Annals of the American Revolution," "A Compendious History of New England," and "American Gazetteer." In this Main Street house also, as a tablet affixed to its wall relates, was born Jedidiah Morse's preeminent son, Samuel Finley Breese Morse (1791-1872), the inventor of the electro-magnetic telegraph. The son's fame as 36 CAMBRIDGE an inventor overshadows the rest of his life, yet he was bred as a painter, and some of his portraits and genre paintings are among the best specimens of American art. Among his writings, always of a serious turn, are "Foreign Conspiracies against the Liberties of the United States," and "Our Liberties Defended." Farther down Main Street, at the corner of Dunstable, stands the house in which that influential preacher and writer, the Rev. Thomas Starr King (1824- 1864) passed part of his boyhood and young man- hood. ("The White Hills, a Volume of Travel in the White Moun- tains;" "Patriotism and Other Papers;" "Christianity and Hu- manity.") Many of his manuscripts are in the Boston Public Library. In the old Bell House, at the southerly corner of Elm and High streets, lived, until 1896, the antiquarian and local historian, Henry Herbert Edes (1849- ), who has pubhshed " Charlestown's His- toric Points;" "History of the Harvard Church in Charlestown, 1815-1879;" etc. Now in Cambridge. Lastly, to wander excusably to one of the allied arts, it may be noted that Charlotte Cushman, one of the last hereditary queens of the stage, lived for several years during her girlhood in the build- ing next to the corner of Main and Walker streets, the lower story of which is now used as a grocery store. (" Charlotte Cushman: her Letters and Memories of her Life. Edited by her Friend, Emma Stebbins.") CAMBRIDGE The city of Cambridge has contained since 1636 the chief seat of learning in the country. It can readily be conceived, then, that Cambridge is and has been the home of almost countless literary workers. A large class of writers is recruited from Harvard University alone, — a class so large that this little ^'olume will not make any attempt to deal with it, but rather refer its readers to the "Official Guide to Harvard University" (Cambridge, 1 91 7), which gives the names and addresses of professors and instructors. Practically all of these may be said to have written books, sometimes on more or less technical subjects, and as often not. Of the other class of authors, — those drawn hither by the culture of a University town, or native to it, those now dead, or not officially connected CAMBRIDGE 37 with the University, — only the most important are, for lack of space, here referred to. It may be further worth noting that among the numerous men of eminence whose bodies rest in Mount Auburn are Agassiz, Longfellow, Lowell, Parkman, and Sumner. For a fuller account of the houses and names in Cam- bridge, Mr. Edwin M. Bacon's "Historic Pilgrimages" and "Literary Pilgrim.ages " will be found entertaining and trustworthy. No. 71 Cherry Street. This was the birthplace of (Sarah) Mar- garet Fuller, Marchesa d' Ossoli (18 10-1850), who is to-day less a force than a memory in our literature. She was a prominent figure as editor of the " Dial," as literary critic for " The New York Trib- une," and as a teacher. This house, now a Settlement House, and the old " Brattle Mansion," on Brattle Street, occupied at present by the American Red Cross and the Social Union, are all that are left of her several Cambridge homes. ("Woman in the Nineteenth Century;" "At Home and Abroad.") Wadsworth House. One of the University buildings facing on Massachusetts Avenue, but inside the "Yard." Built 1726-17 2 7. Called the "President's House," because officially occupied by suc- cessive presidents of the University until 1849. I^ i775 it was oc- cupied for a short time by Generals Washington and Lee, and Wash- ington's earlier despatches to Congress, to Richard Henry Lee, and to General Schuyler were written here. Emerson (see Concord) lived here when he was "President's Freshman." " The Bishop's Palace," on Linden Street, is so nicknamed on account of the famous controversy over the establishment of the Anglican Episcopate in America, one end of which was waged from this house by the Reverend East Apthorp shortly before the Revo- lution. In this house also that author of skits and farces, Lieu- tenant-General John Burgoyne, lived on parole after his defeat on the plains of Saratoga. No. 90 Brattle Street, corner Ash Street, is the new home which John Fiske, historian and philosopher, built just before his death, but in which he never lived. It is now occupied by his widow. At the time of his death he lived at 22 Berkeley Street. ("Works, " 24 vols., 1902.) No. 105 Brattle Street. "The Craigie," or the "Longfellow," House. Occupied, first in part and then as a whole, by Henry Wads- worth Longfellow (1807-1882) for forty-five years. When he came 38 CAMBRIDGE to Cambridge in 1836 he lived for a year on Kirkland Street. The next year (1837) he moved to the Craigie House, taking rooms, one of which had been occupied by Washington after he left Wadsworth CRAIGIE HOUSE CAMBRIDGE House. In 1841, Joseph Emerson Worcester (see also Salem), the famous lexicographer and philologist, leased and lived in the house, Longfellow keeping his rooms. Shortly afterwards Longfellow bought the house, and Worcester moved a little way down the street nearer Brattle Square, where his house still stands. Beside Long- fellow, Washington, and Worcester, there have lived at different times in the Craigie House such men as Edward Everett, Willard Phillips, and Jared Sparks. Longfellow is so world-widely known that the mention of his "Works" in fourteen volumes will be sugges- tion enough. Samuel Longfellow (1819-1892), author of a life of his brother, the poet, a memoir of Samuel Johnson, and a number of spirited hymns and poems, lived at No. 76, a little further down the street. No. 2 Riedesel Avenue. H(enry) Addington Bruce (1874- ). Author. ("The Riddle of Personality;" "Scientific Mental Heal- CAMBRIDGE 39 ing;" ''Psychology and Parenthood;" "Nerve Control and how to Gain it.") No. 149 Brattle Street. Frederike Charlotte Luise, Freiherrin von Riedesel (i 746-1808), and her husband, Baron Riedesel, who ELMWOOD, HOME OF JAMES RUSSELL LOWELL CAMBRIDGE commanded the Brunswickers under Burgoyne, lodged in this house as prisoners on parole. Her interesting "Letters and Journals" give her a place here. No. 192 Brattle Street. Josephine Preston Peabody (Mrs. L. S. Marks), author of many volumes of verse. "The Piper," drama, won the Stratford-on-Avon prize in 19 10. No. 5 Clement Circle. Bliss Perry (i860- ). Author, editor, and Professor of English Literature at Harvard University since 1907. ("The Powers at Play;" "A Study of Prose Fiction;" "Walt Whitman;" etc.) "Elmwood," on Elmwood Avenue, not far from the entrance to Mount Auburn, was the home from birth to death, with intervals of separation, of James Russell Lowell (18 19-189 1). He was one of the founders, and editor, 1857-1862, of the "Atlantic Monthly;" and co-editor, with Charles Eliot Norton (see "Shady Hill"), 1863- 1872, of the "North American Review." Minister to Spain and England, 1877-1885. His "Writings," which of themselves con- stitute a treasure-house of native American belles-lettres, are pub- 40 CAMBRIDGE li shed in eleven volumes. Maria (White) Lowell (1821-1853), his first wife, was a writer of some fine verse. ("Poems.") In this house Thomas Bailey Aldrich (see Boston: Charles, Mt. Vernon, and Pinckney streets) lived for two years. No. I Berkeley Street. Basil King (1859- )• Author. (''Inner Shrine;" ''Wild Olive;" "The Lifted Veil;" etc.) No. 8 Berkeley Street. William Roscoe Thayer (1859-). Author. ("Life and Times of Cavour;" "Life and Letters of John Hay;" "Theodore Roosevelt;" etc.) At No. 37 Concord Avenue lived nearly through the seventies William Dean Howells (see Boston: Beacon Street, and Louisburg Square). No. 17 Buckingham Street. Horace E. Scudder (1838-1902). Author, and editor of the "Atlantic Monthly." ("The Bodley Books;" "Men and Letters;" "James Russell Lowell.") No. 29 Buckingham Street. Thomas Wentworth Higginson (1823-1911). Ever in active literary service through his delightful HOME OF THOMAS WENTWORTH HIGGINSON CAMBRIDGE yet keen reminiscences of his contemporaries and of his own busy, useful life as minister, soldier, author, and reformer. ("Old Cam- bridge;" "Cheerful Yesterdays;" "Life of Margaret Fuller;" "Mal- bone;" etc.) This house was Colonel Higginson's home until his CAMBRIDGE 41 death. His birthplace stands at the upper end of Kirkland Street, facing Memorial Hall. His wife, Mary P. Thacher Higginson, who survives him, is still living in the Buckingham Street home. (''Thomas Wentworth Higginson;" "The Playmate Hours;" etc.) No. 8 Ash Street Place. Morris Schaff (1840- ). Author, and veteran of the Civil War. ("Spirit of Old West Point;" "Battle of the Wilderness;" etc.) " Fay House," on Garden Street, one of the buildings of Radclifife College, is notable if only because such men as Professor McKean, Edward Everett, and Francis Dana (the son of the Chief Justice) lived in it at different periods between 1810 and 1835. But it was here that the Rev. Samuel Gilman of Charleston, S.C, the brother- in-law of Judge Fay, on the occasion of the 200th anniversary cele- bration of the University in 1836, wrote the famous song of "Fair Harvard." Cambridge Street. "Felton Hall," opposite the Public Library. Frederick Grin Bartlett (1876- ). Author. ("Mistress Dorothy;" "The Forest Castaways;" "Joan & Co;" etc.) No. 20 Oxford Street. Samuel McChord Crothers (1857- ). Pastor of the First Church, Cambridge, since 1894, and a delightful essayist. ("The Gentle Reader;" "Humanly Speaking;" "Three Lords of Destiny;" etc.) No. 30 Oxford Street was the home of John Gorham Palfrey ( 1 796-1881). Clergyman, Professor of Sacred Literature at Har- vard University, Member of Congress, and Postmaster of Boston, 1861-1867. His master-work is his comprehensive "History of New England," in five volumes. Other works by him are "Lowell Lectures on the Evidences of Christianity" (2 vols.), and "The Relation between Judaism and Christianity." In this house lived his daughter, Sarah Hammond Palfrey (1823- 1914), novelist and verse writer, who wrote under the name of E. Foxton. ("King Arthur in Avalon;" "The Chapel, and Other Poems;" "Herman, or Young Knighthood;" etc.) "Shady Hill," in "Norton's Woods," off Irving Street, is the home of Charles Eliot Norton (1827-1908). Among his works are "Notes of Travel and Study in Italy," and " Historical Church- Building in the Middle Ages," and his translations from Dante. He edited, moreover, the "Reminiscences," "Letters," and cor- respondence of Carlyle (his personal friend) with Emerson and Goethe; and also some of the literary remains of two other friends, Curtis and Lowell. No American has been richer in his intellec- tual intimacies than Mr. Norton. In this house his father, An- drews Norton (i 786-1 853), lived before him. He was, like Palfrey, 42 CONCORD Professor of Sacred Literature at Harvard, and wrote "Internal Evidences of the Genuineness of the Gospels," etc. No. 67 Kirkland Street, once called Professors' Row, is the home of Francis James Child (182 5- 1896), who long held the Professor- ship of English Literature in the College, and who was, and still remains, the foremost authority on ballad literature. He edited the American Edition of the British Poets in 130 vols.; also "The English and Scottish Popular Ballads," in 5 vols. No. 48 Quincy Street, now occupied by the Theological School of the New Jerusalem Church, was for his last twenty years the home of Jared Sparks (i 789-1866), Professor of History at Harvard, 1839-1849, and President of the University, 1849-1853. He edited a "Library of American Biography," comprising some sixty lives, but is best known in letters as the editor of the works of Washington and Franklin. No. II Quincy Street was the home of the Rev. Andrew Preston Peabody (1811-1893), long Plummer Professor of Christian Morals at the University. ("Moral Philosophy; " " Reminiscences of Euro- pean Travel.") This house was the old Dana Mansion, and was formerly occupied by Cornelius Conway Felton (i 807-1 862), Presi- dent of Harvard University. His translations from the Greek will always remain noteworthy. ("Greece, Ancient and Modern;" " Familiar Letters from Europe.") George Herbert Palmer (1842- ) now lives here, as did his wife, Alice Freeman Palmer, till her death in 1902. ("The Field of Ethics;" translation of the "Odys- sey;" etc.) No. 1 7 Quincy Street. Abbot Lawrence Lowell (1856- ) . Pres- ident of University since 1909. ("Essays on Government;" "The Government of England;" "Opinion and Popular Government;" "The Governments of France, Italy and Germany.") See Marl- borough Street. Fresh Pond Parkway. Charles William Eliot (1834- ). Presi- dent of Uni versi ty ( 1 869- 1 909 ) . (" Charles Eliot, Landscape Archi- tect;" "American Contributions to Civilization;" "Educational Reform: Essays and Addresses.") No. 33 Washington Avenue. Eleanor Hodgman Porter (1868- 1920). Author. ("PoUyanna;" "Just David;" "Oh, Money, Money;" "Mary-Marie;" "Sister Sue.") CONCORD Concord and Lexington, in the popular imagination, stand closely related, though they are several miles apart. CONCORD 43 Historically they may always divide honors even, but in our literary annals Lexington is as barren of monuments as Concord is full of them. If we may fancifully think of Boston as the mind of Puritanism, so is Concord the soul of it, for here transcendentalism found fullest expres- sion, and here plain living and high thinking were realized ideals. All the memorable men and women of the golden age of Concord are now dead, yet their lives are some- thing more vital than memories. The town is not differ- ent in essence from what it was when Emerson, Haw- thorne, Margaret Fuller, Thoreau, William EUery Chan- ning, and the Alcotts, father and daughter, gave it preeminence in the world of American letters. What they brought here, for Thoreau alone was Concord-born, took root and spread, until the growth became so firm that it has outlived the span of their lives, and is not soon likely to disappear. Assuming that the visitor will make inquiries for himself, let us go at once to the most famous literary shrine in Concord, and possibly in America. Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882) went to this house in 1835, and there he Hved for forty-seven years, until his death in 1882. The house is square, two-storied, entirely without architectural adornment. It faces the turnpike, and stands among pine trees. In the rear is a garden, speaking eloquently of by-gone taste in flow- ers. The house was but seven years old when Emerson moved into it, and it has suffered but little change, though it was partially burned in 1873. The most notable room is the study on the right as one enters the hall which divides the first story, where, so far as possible, an undisturbed effect has been preserved. Miss Ellen Emerson, the philosopher's daughter, long lived here. His son, Dr. Edward W. Emerson, is still a resident of the town. In the cut opposite, Mr. Emerson is standing near the porch. The " Old Manse." Hardly less important, and more fair to see, is the "Old Manse," the home of the Rev. William Emerson, Emer- son's grandfather, then of Rev. Dr. Ezra Ripley (1751-1841), who married William Emerson's widow. Dr. Ripley pubhshed a "His- tory of the Fight at Concord," besides many sermons. In their day, it was, as the name implies, the parsonage of Concord. Built in 44 CONCORD 1765, it is now a home for some of Dr. Riple/s descendants. Here, just before his second marriage (to Miss Lydia Jackson) in 1835, Emerson boarded (1834-1835) with his grandparents, and here too his family repaired for a time after the partial burning of his own house. On his marriage with Miss Sophia Peabody in July, 1842, and after his experience at Brook Farm, Nathaniel Hawthorne (see also Salem) also made the "Old Manse" his home, and lived there till 1846, when he went to Salem. Mr. Bacon, in his "Walks and Rides," tells us that the most satisfactory view of the "Manse" HOME OF RALPH WALDO EMERSON CONCORD is of the back from the river side, and that the decaying orchard in the rear was set out by Dr. Ripley. Hawthorne's study was on the second floor over the dining-room, and here Emerson wrote one of his greatest essays, "Nature," and from here William Emerson^s wife saw the fight at Concord Bridge. The "Wayside," where Hawthorne had his residence from 1852 till his death in 1864, is next in importance. Iii 1845, A. Bronson Alcott (i 799-1888) bought this estate, calling it "Hillside," and sold it later to Hawthorne, who gradually adorned the surroundings to suit his own taste, and on his return from Italy made some im- portant changes in the house itself, enlarging it and adding the tower-like structure which served as his study and, what was more CONCORD 45 essential, his hiding-place. The Library stood on the first floor, but Hawthorne was not a man of many books. At the " Wayside " now lives Mrs. Harriett Mulford Lothrop (1844- ), who, under the name of "Margaret Sidney," has put forth many books for children, chief among them the famous "Five Little Peppers." Her husband and the publisher of her works, the late Daniel Lothrop, bought "Way- side " in 1881, after it had for a short time been occupied by George P. Lathrop (see Chestnut Street, Boston) and his wife (Hawthorne's daughter. Rose). For some time after Hawthorne's death, "Way- side" was used as a boarding-school for girls. The original struc- ture was built before the Revolution. The Orchard House. In 1857, Alcott, through the efforts of his wife and friends, came into possession of "Orchard House," on the "Boston Road," with which his memory is most closely identified. This house dates back in part over two hundred years, but has been remodeled. "Little Women," the foundation of the Alcott fortunes, was written in Orchard House, where also were held some of Bronson Alcott's monologuizing "conversations," and Mrs. May Nieriker (1840-1879) , another of the Alcott daughters, had her studio. Close by the Orchard House, which was a home for the Alcotts for nearly thirty years, stands the equally famous, though more modern, "Hill- side Chapel," where, after the preliminary session in the Orchard House, were held from 1879 to 1888 the summer meetings of the "Concord School of Philosophy and Literature." Dr. William T. Harris later owned the place. Henry David Thoreau (18 17-1862). Of all who made Concord so famous, Thoreau was the only native of the soil. He was born some distance to the east from the village limits, in a house still standing on the Virginia Road, In the house on Main Street, near Thoreau Street, the Thoreaus lived for twelve years until his death; previously to that they lived in a house on the village square. The Thoreaus, in 1844, lodged the afterwards famous PauHst Father, Isaac Thomas Hecker, for seventy-five cents a week, "with lights." For two years in the forties, Thoreau lived in Emerson's house. After this, for a little over two years, he lived on the shore of Walden Pond, south of the village, in his " hermitage," built in part of timber from Emerson's wood-lot. A cairn of stone marks the site of this remote philosophical observatory, which cost its builder just $28.12^ and was "raised" by the united labors of Thoreau, Emerson, George William Curtis, and sympathetic friends. The bed, chair, and table used at the Walden hut are in the Concord Antiquarian Society's keeping. Thoreau's sister, Sophia, was a superior and able woman, and it is a joy to the present writer that from her he learned his 46 CONCORD Greek alphabet. ("Walden;" "A Week on the Concord and Mer- rimack Rivers;" "Cape Cod;" etc.) Franklin Benjamin Sanborn (1831-1917). The death of W. E. Channing, the poet, left Mr. Sanborn the last leaf on the Concord tree. His house is on Elm Street, leading from Main Street. As a biographer of several of the most eminent Concord names, he may be said to hold a brief for Concord and all that it represents. William EUery Channing (1818-1902). The poet and recluse, "making his wardrobe last beyond the hopes of his friends," to use Mr. Sanborn's words, was a nephew of the Rev. William Ellery Channing, and the brother-in-law of Margaret Fuller. He lived opposite Thoreau's last home, and died in his friend Sanborn's house. HOME OF HENRY DAVID THOREAU CONCORD ("Poems of Sixty-five Years. Edited by F. B. Sanborn;" "Tho- reau, the Poet-Naturalist.") Channing's house was, early in his Concord career, the home of Sanborn, and John Brown was here entertained by him. Later on this spot was the home of Frederic Hudson (1819-1875), where, after a connection of thirty years with the "New York Herald," he came to end his days. ("Journalism in the United States, 1670-1872.") George William Curtis (1824-1892) and his brother, Burrill Cur- tis, after their rather playful experience at Brook Farm, went to Concord in 1844, first to the farm of Captain Nathan Barrett, a mile south of the village, on Punkatasset Hill, and then to the farm of Edmund Hosmer, about a mile from Emerson's house. Among other Brook Farmers at Concord were George P. Bradford, Minot CONCORD 47 Pratt, and Mrs. Almira Barlow. The most eminent outsider iden- tified with Concord is Margaret Fuller (see also Cambridge), the sister-in-law of Channing the poet, and the friend of Emerson and Alcott. Her connection with the Transcendental movement, and her editorial work on the "Dial," brought her here to one or another of her friends' homes, and especially to Emerson's. The Hoar Family. Nearly opposite the Public Library on Main Street is the mansion where once lived Samuel Hoar (i 778-1856), an eminent citizen and statesman of Massachusetts. His two sons, Ebenezer Rock wood Hoar (18 16-1895), and George Frisbie Hoar (1826-1904), were born in this house. Judge Hoar published little, but his forcible and brilliant sayings and the anecdotes told of him almost form a Hterature of themselves. Senator Hoar, besides his scholarly addresses and orations, wrote several short biographical memoirs, but no extended work has come from either of these dis- tinguished men. Jane Goodwin Austin (1831-1894). On Main Street, corner of Belknap Street. Subsequently in Linwood Square, Roxbury (which see) . The house afterwards passed into the hands of Charles Hos- mer Walcott, author of "Concord in the Colonial Period" and "Sir Archibald Campbell of Inverneill," — a sketch of one of the British prisoners of war in Concord jail. James Lyman Whitney (1835- 19 10), formerly Librarian of the Boston Public Library, and eminent in bibliography, has also lived in this house. Shortly before his death in New Haven, William James Linton (181 2-1898) spent some little time in this home of Mrs. Austin. He was the husband of the English novelist, Eliza Lynn Linton, and himself a poet and wood engraver. ("History of Wood-Engraving in America;" "Claribel, and Other Poems.") Samuel Merwin, (1874- ). Author, editor. ("Anthony the Absolute;" "The Honey Bee;" "Temperamental Henry;" etc.) Allen French (1870- ). On Nashawtuc Road. Author of "The Colonials;" "The Golden Eagle;" "Old Concord;" etc. Other names which have to a greater or less degree honored the roll of Concord are the Rev. Grindall Reynolds (1822-1894), Ed- ward Jarvis, the statistician (1803-1884), William WillderWheil- don, the antiquarian (1805-1892), William Stevens Robinson (1818- 1876), who, under the signature of "Warrington," won a high place in journalism, Frederick West Holland and his son, Frederic May Holland (1836-1908), Judge John Shepard Keyes, and, so it is handed down, George Horatio Derby (1823-1861), better known as that excellent early humorist "John Phoenix," who is said to have worked here in his youth. 48 SALEM SALEM " Salem they call the spot."' — Jones Very. A half-hour's ride from the North Station takes one to Salem, a city as well worth visiting for its literary as for its historical memories. Perhaps no other place in this country has the effect of being so '* complete." Its churches, schools, museums, libraries, its varied institu- tional equipment, and especially its private residences speak of an honorable and successful past, while the activ- ity of a modern manufacturing city gives no suggestion that Salem stops to rest on the laurels of its reputation. The fire which obHterated nearly one third of the city in 1 91 4 destroyed almost no objects of historic importance. The burning of the tenement house district, however, rendered nearly 10,000 people homeless and the scars are still very visible. The accurate ''Visitors' Guide" to Salem, prepared by the Essex Institute, is almost indispensable. The first thought of a visitor to Salem is naturally di- rected to Nathaniel Hawthorne, for here he was born, here he met and wooed Miss Sophia Peabody, and here his lonely genius came to fruition, until it ripened into that most perfect of his creations, "The Scarlet Letter." Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804-1864). Bom, July 4, 1804, in the northwest chamber, second story, of 27 Union Street, which was built before 1685 and is little changed since Hawthorne's day. From 1808 to 1818, and later on, especially in the thirties, he lived at 10 1/2-12 Herbert Street, in the rear of his birthplace. This house belonged to his maternal ancestors, the Mannings, and was built about 1790. In the southwest corner of the third story, best seen from Union Street, is the room "under the eaves" where "fame was won," for here he wrote the first volume of the "Twice Told Tales," and later completed the "Mosses from an Old Manse." In 1828-183 2 he lived at 26 Dearborn Street, now opposite its origi- nal site. After his marriage and return to Salem in 1846, he lived for sixteen months at 18 Chestnut Street, and then till 1849 at 14 SALEM 49 Mall Street. His study, where he wrote the "Snow Image" and " Scarlet Letter," is the front room of the third story. No. 53 Char- ter Street, called the "Dr. Grimshawe house," was the home where Sophia Peabody lived when Hawthorne sought her as his wife. It borders on one side of the Charter Street Cemetery, the oldest in BIRTHPLACE OF NATHANIEL HAWTHORNE SALEM Salem, where are buried the witch-judge, " Colonel John Hathorne," an ancestor of Nathaniel Hawthorne, and Nathaniel, brother of the famous Cotton Mather, who died at nineteen years of age of a pleth- ora of erudition. The House of the Seven Gables by popular but unverified tradition is 54 Turner Street. In the southwest front room of the Custom House (Derby Street), now modernized, Haw- thorne discharged his official duties as Surveyor of the Port. In this building were inspired the immortal "Scarlet Letter" and its hardly less famous introduction. See also Concord. Rev. William Bentley (1759-1819), theologian, politician, and linguist lived at 106 Essex Street. His diary in four volumes is a classic on Salem history of his period. William Hickling Prescott (i 796-1859), born in the Joseph Pea- body mansion (pictures of it are in the Essex Institute), on the site of the Essex Institute, 132 Essex Street. His portrait by J. Harvey so SALEM Young hangs in the State Normal School, junction of Lafayette Street and Loring Avenue. See also Boston: Beacon Street. Roger Williams (1599-1683). The oldest house in Salem is 310 Essex, Hawthorne's "Main" Street, corner North Street. It was built before 1635, and was inhabited by Roger Williams, when he was minister of the First Church (1634-1635), before he fled to Rhode Island; later occupied by Jonathan Corwin, a judge during the witchcraft delusion, who afterwards bravely confessed his er- rors. Often called the Old Witch House. Although not coming strictly within the scope of this booklet, The Ropes House and Garden deserves mention here. It is located a few doors above the Old Witch House. The garden is one of the most beautiful in Salem and is a rare sample of old-fashioned Salem gardens. Open to the public on certain days. Charles Wentworth Upham (1802-1875), pastor of the First Church, and seventh mayor of Salem, lived at 313 Essex Street, and earlier on the corner of Church and Washington streets, hard by spots closely identified with the witchcraft period of which he is the authoritative historian. ("Salem Witchcraft," 2 vols.) Benjamin Thompson (i 753-1814), afterwards and better known as Count Rumford. Apprenticed to John Appleton in Salem in 1766, he worked in a store at 314 Essex Street. See also Boston: North End. George Bailey Loring (1817-1891). Versed in the merits of sci- entific agriculture, and long prominent in national politics. (" Farm- yard Club of Jotham;" "A Year in Portugal;" and various pub- lished orations and historical studies.) Lived at 328 Essex Street, a house now much changed, William Frederick Poole (1821-1894), born in Salem, 133 Main Street (now within the limits of Peabody). Dr. Poole was eminent as a bibliographer, librarian, and historian, and particularly as the author of the useful "Poole's Index." His portrait hangs in the Library of the Essex Institute. Rev. Joseph Barlow Felt (i 789-1869), the historian of Salem ("Annals of Salem," 2 vols.), and author of other important histori- cal works, among them "The Ecclesiastical History of New Eng- land." Lived at 27 Norman Street. Benjamin Peirce (1809-1880), renowned mathematician and as- tronomer, was born in Salem, at 35 Warren Street, in the " Tontine Block," destroyed in the Salem fire of 1914. Stephen C. Phillips (1801-1857), born in Salem and chosen second mayor of the city, member of Congress, for several years prominent in the antislavery movement and the first candidate of the Free Soil SALEM SI Party for governor of Massachusetts. Lived at 29 Chestnut Street, one of the most beautiful houses in Salem. John Pickermg (i 777-1846), born in Salem, philologist, learned in about twenty-five languages, but especially in Greek and the American Indian dialects. He lived at 18 Chestnut Street, and was the son of the famous Timothy Pickering, who was born in Salem at 18 Broad Street, built probably as early as 165.9, ^nd one of Sa- lem's most picturesque mansions. Sarah West Lander (1819-1872), born in Salem, was the sister of General Frederick W. Lander, himself an author of patriotic verses and an intrepid soldier, and of Louisa Lander, the sculptor, both of whom were also born in Salem. Miss Lander was the author of a series of books of extraordinary popularity in their day, entitled, "Spectacles for Young Eyes," dealing with travels in foreign coun- tries. Lived at 5 Summer Street. Joseph Warren Fabens (1821-1875), born in Salem, consul at Cayenne and Nicaragua. He was the author of that popular song, "The Last Cigar," and other verses, and wrote "Story of Life in the Isthmus;" "The Camel Hunt;" and "In the Tropics." Lived at 22 High Street. Abner Cheney Goodell (1831-1914), editor of the Province Laws of Massachusetts, and author of historical and antiquarian works. He lived at 4 Federal Street, in a house into which is thought to be incorporated a part of the frame of the jail wherein the "witches" were confined, previous to the jail delivery of 1693. The Nichols House on Federal Street, near North Street, now owned by a board of trustees, is one of the best examples of the work of the famous Salem architect, Mackintire. Jones Very (1813-1880), born in Salem. His father's house was at the corner of Essex and Boston streets, but he lived for many years and died at 154 Federal Street. Of the poems of this Ameri- can quietist, Emerson said that they bear "the unquestionable stamp of grandeur," and of the poet himself, E. A. Silsbee said that "he moved in Salem like Dante among the Florentines." His younger sister, Lydia L. A. Very, a teacher, and author of several stories, lived at 154 Federal Street. Another sister and a brother were also of a literary turn. Joseph Emerson Worcester (i 784-1865), the lexicographer, at one time kept a school in a building, the site of which is in the yard of the First Baptist Church on Federal Street. Hawthorne was one of his pupils. See also Cambridge. Nathaniel Bowditch (1773-1838), born in Salem, in a house now on Kimball Cotut, in the rear of its former site, No. 2 Brown Street. 52 SALEM In this house also was bom the Rev. Samuel Johnson (1822-1882), author of a learned work, "Oriental Religions: China, India, Per- sia," in 3 vols. Later Bowditch lived at 312 Essex Street. In the Essex Institute is the desk on which he translated the "Mecanique HOME OF JOSEPH AND WILLIAM WETMORE STORY SALEM Celeste " of La Place. His portrait, by Charles Osgood, is in the ofi&ce of the Salem Marine Society in the Franklin Building, corner of Essex Street and Washington Square. Author of "Bowditch's Navigator," the standard textbook for mariners all over the world for nearly a century. William Wetmore Story (1819-1895), sculptor and litterateur, born at 26 Winter Street, in the house built by his father, Judge Joseph Story, in 181 1. The cradle of these eminent men is in the Essex Institute. Judge Story's wooden law-office is, after sfeveral removes, now in Creek Street. Charles Timothy Brooks (1813-1883), born in Salem, in the house on the corner of Arbella and Bridge streets. Accomplished in many fields of literature, his reputation rests on his translations, particu- larly of Jean Paul Richter. Lived at 38 Washington Square. Edward Sylvester Morse (1838- ). Has Hved most of the time in Salem since 1866 at 12 Linden Street. A highly trained scientist, of great versatihty, and an expert in matters Japanese, especially BEVERLY 53 pottery. His Japanese collection is now in the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston. George Barrell Cheever (1807-1890), a preacher of strong char- acter and convictions, who preached at the Howard Street Church, was as ardent a foe of slavery and intemperance as he was a warm apologist of the gallows. He wrote " Studies in Poetry," and "Jour- nal of the Pilgrims at Plymouth," and edited excellent anthologies of prose and poetry. In Salem also was born, in 1827, Maria S. Cummins, author, among other stories, of "The LampHghter," of which 40,000 copies were sold in two months. She died in Dorchester in 1866. SALEM INSTITUTIONS Essex Institute. 132 Essex Street. Contains about 450,000 vol- umes and many valuable manuscripts, besides furniture, utensils, costumes, arms, and other belongings of colonial days. Among the curiosities of every sort, reminiscent of a dignified past, the literary pilgrim will find of especial interest the desk on which Hawthorne wrote a part of "The Scarlet Letter," and the christening robes of Governor William Bradford, rendition of whose manuscript of the history of the "Phmoth- Plantation" to Massachusetts made so agreeable a sensation a few years ago. Peabody Academy of Science. loi Essex Street. Strong in col- lections of natural history and ethnology, besides relics of Salem when it held its high position as a shipping port. East India Marine Hall. loi Essex Street. A rare collection of relics of shipping days in Salem; contains the best collection of eth- nological specimens from Hawaii and the South Sea Islands in Amer- ica. Salem Athenaeum. 339 Essex Street. Contains about 30,000 volumes; a private circulating library owned by the stock holders, and started about one hundred years ago. BEVERLY Beyond Salem and across the Beverly bridge lies Beverly. Here, at the corner of Main and Wallace streets, near the present Larcom Theatre, lived the poet, Lucy Larcom (1824-1893), who wrote, be- sides verses, "A New England Girlhood." The manuscript of her "Hannah Binding Shoes" is in the possession of the Beverly His- torical Society (Burley Mansion on Cabot Street). Lucy Larcom was a valued friend and literary associate of Whittier. Near the 54 BEVERLY Common stands the ancestral home and summer residence of George Edward Woodberry (1855- )> formerly Professor of Literature in Columbia University, poet, essayist, editor, and critic. ("Life of Edgar Allan Poe;" "Nathaniel Hawthorne;" "The North Shore Watch;" "The Heart of Man;" etc.) Beverly was also the home HOME OF JOHN GREENLEAF WHITTIER AMESBURY of Frederick Albion Ober (1849-1913), naturalist, and author of works of travel and stories for young people. ("Knockabout Club" books; "Porto Rico;" "History of the West Indies;" etc.) Beverly was the birthplace of Whittier's friend, Robert Rantoul (1805-185 2), who was active in the introduction of the lyceum sys- tem, and a powerful opponent of the Fugitive-Slave Law. ("Me- moirs, Speeches, and Writings.") Beyond Beverly and near the Beverly Farms railroad station is the attractive but modest house where Oliver Wendell Holmes spent his summers; while beyond the limits set to this pilgrimage, and yet at no great distance from Boston or Salem, are three important liter- ary shrines — homes of John Greenleaf Whittier (1807-1892), one in Amesbury, one in Danvers, and his birthplace in East Haverhill, so graphically described in "Snow-Bound." The last of these is now owned by the Whittier Memorial Association, and, like the Amesbury house, is open to the public. BROOKLINE 55 BROOKLINE Brookline, the wealthiest town in the country, and, it is said, in the world, in proportion to its population, and perhaps the most beautiful in Massachusetts, became a separate township in 1705, and has ever since made a most stubborn resistance to all appeals and pressure in favor of a union with Boston. On all sides have its sisters succumbed, until Brookline now is literally in the arms of its parent city even though not of it, being, with the exception of some two miles of Newton boundary, completely surrounded by Boston. Longwood, its north- eastern corner and one of its loveliest parts, is hardly to be distinguished from that portion of the Metropolitan Park System against which it Hes. In this coy suburb are scattered the homes of a number of authors who have helped to make and still contribute to the Hterature of Boston past and present. George S. Hillard (see Boston: Pinckney Street) spent the last three years of his life and died in Mountfort Street, Longwood. The Rev. Julius H. Ward (see Roxbury) had residence at 13 Wav- erly Street from 1890 until his death in 1897. The historian, George Makepeace Towle (i 841-1893), lived on Walnut Place and did much of his work here. ("The History of Henry the Fifth, King of Eng- land, Lord of Ireland and Heir of France;" "American Society;" "England in Egypt.") No. 380 Longwood Avenue. Borden Parker Bowne (1847-19 10) Formerly Professor of Philosophy in Boston University. ("Studies in Theism;" "The Principles of Ethics;" etc.) No. 19 Euston Street. Edwin Doak Mead (1849- )• Writer, lecturer, and editor (of the "Old South Leaflets" and the "Inter- national Library"). ("Martin Luther;" "The Philosophy of Car- lyle;" etc.) Also his wife, Lucia True (Ames) Mead (1856- ). ("Great Thoughts for Little Thinkers;" "Memoirs of a Million- aire;" etc.) No. 99 Warren Street. Frederick Law Olmsted (1822-1903). Celebrated landscape architect, Secretary of the Sanitary Commis- sion during the Civil War. ("Walks and Talks of an American Farmer in England;" "A Journey in the Seaboard Slave States.") 56 BROOKLINE Further down Warren Street is the estate of Charles Sprague Sargent (1841- ). An eminent arboriculturist. Editor of "Gar- den and Forest" from 1888 to 1897. ("The Silva of North Amer- ica; " "The Woods of the United States; " " Forest Flora of Japan.") No. 79 Heath Street. "Sevenels." Amy Lowell (1874- ). Sister of Abbott Lawrence Lowell, President of Harvard University (see Cambridge). Imagist poet and advocate of Free Verse. ("Sword Blades and Poppy Seed;" "Men, Women, and Ghosts;" "Pictures of the Floating World;" etc.) On Clyde Street, just off Warren, is the home of the late James Elliot Cabot (1821-1903), whose principal work was "A Memoir of Ralph Waldo Emerson," in 2 vols, Avon Street. "Weld." Isabel Anderson (Mrs. Larz Anderson) (1876- ). Author. Mrs. Anderson's estate is one of the most attractive in the vicinity; visitors are allowed the privilege of view- ing her beautiful garden. ("The Great Sea Horse;" "The Spell of Japan;" "Zigzagging;" etc.) No. 3 Regent Circle. Edward H. Clement (1843-1920). Lived latterly at Concord, Mass. He was for years editor of the " Boston Transcript." ("Vinland," an Ode; etc.) No. 76 High Street. Edward Stanwood (1841- ). Journalist, author, and editor, especially of the "Youth's Companion." ("A History of the Presidency;" "History of Cotton Manufacture in New England;" etc.) No. 222 High Street. Eliza Ome White (1856- ). A writer of fiction. ("The Coming of Theodora;" "Miss Brooks.") No. 48 AUerton Street. Charles Knowles Bolton (1867- ) Librarian of the Boston Athenaeum (see Boston: Beacon Street). The son of Mrs. Sarah K. Bolton, and himself the author of several books. ("The Private Soldier under Washington.") Just beyond BrookUne, in Newton Centre, was the winter home of Elizabeth Stuart Phelps Ward (1844-19 11), one of the most eminent of American authors. She had also a summer residence in East Gloucester. ("The Gates Ajar;" "The Story of Avis;" "Dr. Zay;" "A Singular Life;" "The Story of Jesu3 Christ;" etc.) Arlington, like Newton, is outside the limit set to this pilgrimage, but it must at least be mentioned as the home of John Townsend Trowbridge (1827-1916), so popular as a writer of both prose and verse ("Cudjo's Cave;" "Jack Hazard;" "Coupon Bonds;" "The Vagabonds, and Other Poems;" etc.) INDEX Abbott, Jacob, 14. Adams, Charles Follen, 33. Adams, Charles Francis, to; C. F., Jr., 23. Adams, W. T. ("Oliver Optic"), 30. Agassiz, Alexander, 28. Alcott, A. B., 4, 13, 14, 34. 44. 45- Alcott, Louisa M., 12, 14, 15, 45. Aldrich, T. B.. 10, 15. 17. 40. Alger, Rev. W. R., and Abby L., 17. Allen, W. B., 26. Ames, Rev. C. G., 8. Amory, T. C, 25. Anderson, Mrs. Larz, 56. Appleton, T. G., 7, 25. Apthorp, W. F., 18. Austin, Jane G., 32, 47. Bacon, E. M., 14, 16, 37, 44. Ballou, M. M., 14, 17, 22. Bartlett, F. O., 41- Bartol, Rev. C. A. 8. Bates, Arlo, 9, 18; Harriet L., 9. Bentley, Rev. William, 49. Blake, Mary E., 5, 30: Bolton, C. K., 3, 56. Bowditch, Nathaniel, 51, 52. Bowne, B. P., 55. Brooks, C. T., 52. Brooks, Phillips, 27. Brown, Abbie F., 16. Brown, Alice, 9, 14. Bruce, H. A., 38. Burgess, F. G., 29. Burgoyne, Gen. John, 37, 39. Burton, Richard, 27. Butterworth, Hezekiah, 29. Bynner, E. L., 35- Cabot, J. E., 56. Channing, Rev. W. E.,ii; W.E. (poet), 46. Cheever, Rev. G. B., 53. Cheney, Ednah D., 35. Child, F. J., 42. Claflin, Mary B., 10. Clarke, Helen A., 17. Clarke, James Freeman, 8, 16, 21, 34. Clement, E. H., 56. Cocke, Zitella, 15. Coe, Fanny E., 35. Coffin, C. C, 27. Converse, Florence, 21. Conway, Katherine E., 32. Cook, Rev. Joseph, i. Cram, R. A., 8. Crawford, F. Marion, 5. Crothers, Rev. S. McC, 41. Cummins, Maria S., 30, 53. Curtis, Alice T., 17. Curtis, G. W., and Burrill, 34, 46. Cushman, Charlotte, 36. Dana, R. H., 8; R. H., 2d., 5. Deland, Margaret W., 10, ti, 12, 28. Derby, G. H. ("John Phoenix"), 47. Dexter, Morton, 25. Dole, Rev. C. F., 34; N. H., 34. Drake, F. S., S. A., and S. G., 32, 33. Dresser, Horatio W., 27. Dwight, John S., 15, 22, 34. Edes, H. H., 36. Eliot, C. W., 42. Eliot, John, 30, 31. Eliot, Samuel, 18. Elliott, Maud, 5. Elson, Arthur, 7; L. C, 6. Emerson, R. W., 34. 37. 43. 44- Fabens, J. W., 5 . Fall, C. G., 25. Felt, Rev. J. B., 50. Felton, C. C, 42. Fiske, John, 37. Foote, Rev. H. W., 18. Ford, W. C, 21. French, Allen, 47. Frothingham, Ellen, 26; Eugenia B., 6; N.L., 3S;0. B., 24;R.,35. Fuller, Anna, 26. Fuller, Margaret, 21, 34, 37, 47. Garrison, W. L., 31, 32. Oilman, Rev. Samuel, 41. Goodell, A. C, 51. Gordon, Rev. G. A., 23. Grant, Judge Robert, 28, 29. Greene, Nathaniel, 9. Greenslet, Ferris, 28. Griffis, W. E., 29. Guild, Curtis, Sr., 10. Guiney, Louise L, 14. Hale, E. E., i, 30, 31; E. E., Jr., 31; Lucre- tia, 17, 31. Harbour, J. L., 30. Haynes, H. W., 5. [49, 51, 53- Hawthorne, Nathaniel, 14, 34, 44, 45, 48. Higginson, T. W., 40, and Mary, P.T., 41. Hill, A. S., 18. Hillard, G. S., 14, 15, 55, Hoar, Judge E. R., 47. Hoar, G. F., 47. Hoar, Samuel, 47. Holmes, O. W., 5, 54; Judge O. W., 5. Howe, Julia Ward, 5, 8, 10. Howe, M. A. DeW., 18. Howells, W. D., 5, 12, 26, 40. Hudson, Frederic, 46. Hunnewell, J. F., 5. Hutchinson, Anne, 20. Jackson, E. P., 30. Jackson, Francis, 21. Jennison, Lucy W., 26. Johnson, Rev. Samuel, 52. Kimball, Hannah P., 26. King, Basil, 40. King, Rev. T. S., 21, 36. Ladd, Anna C, 27. Lander, Sarah W., 51. Lane, Anna (Eichberg), 25. Larcom, Lucy, 53. Lathrop, G. P., and Rose, 7, 45. Lawrence, William, 26. Lindsey, William, 29. Linton, W. J., 47. Lloyd, H. D., 4. Lodge, H. C, 23. Long, J. D., II. Longfellow, H W., 37, 38; Samuel, 38. Loring, G. B., 50. Lothrop, Harriet M., 24, 45. S8 INDEX Lowell, A. L., 24, 42, 56. Lowell, Amy, 56. Lowell, E. J., 24, 25. Lowell, Judge F. C, 5. Lowell, J. R., 3g; Maria (White), 40. Lowell, Percival, 16. Lunt, George, and Adeline T., 15, 16. Mann, Horace, 16. Martineau, Harriet, 21. Mason, Ellen F., 7. Mason, Lowell, 14. Mather, Nathaniel, 49. Mathers, The, tomb of, 18, 19. Mead, E. D., and Lucia T., 55. Merwin, H. C, 16. Merwin, Samuel, 47. Moore, G. F., 28. Morse, E. S., 52. Morse, Jedidiah, 35; S. F. B., 35, 36. Morse, John T., Jr., 28. Motley, J. L., i, 7, 8. Moulton, Louise Chandler, 29. Norton, C. E., 39, 41; Rev. A., 41, 42. Ober, F. A., 54. Olmsted, F. L., 55. Orcutt, W. D., 26. O'Reilly, J. B., 23, 35- Otis, H. G., 20. Palfrey, J. G., 8, 12, 41; Sarah H.,41. Palmer, G. H., and Alice F., 42 Parker, Rev. Theodore, 34, 35. Parkman, Francis, 7, 8. Parsons, Dr. T. W., 16. Peabody, Rev. A. P., 42. Peabody, Elizabeth P., 14, 16, 21, 34. Peabody, Josephine P., 39. Peabody, Mary, 16, 21. Peabody, Dr. Nathaniel, 16, 21. Peabody, Sophia, 16, 21, 49. Peirce, Benjamin, 50. Perkins, C. C, 7; F. B., 30. Perry, Bliss, 39. Perry, T. S., and Lilla C, 24. Phillips, S. C, 50. Phillips Wendell, 7, 21. Pickering, John, 51. Poe, Edgar Allan, 22. Poole, W. F., 50. Porter, Charlotte, 17. Porter, Eleanor H., 42. Prescott, W. H., 3, 49. Prince, Helen C, 8. Quincy, Edmund, 3. Quincy, Josiah (d. 1864), 2, 3; Josiah (d. 1882), 2. Quincy, Josiah P., 17. Rantoul, Robert, 54. Reed, Edwin, 27, 28. Reed, Helen L., 24, 26. Rhodes, J. F., 5. Riedesel, Baroness, 39. Ripley, Rev. Ezra, 43. Robinson, Edith, 4. Roche, J. J., 28. Ropes, J. C, 12. Rowson, Susanna, 21. Sanborn, F. B., 46. Sargent, C. S., 56. Sargent, Epes, 33. Sargent, Mrs. J. T., 8. Savage, Rev. M. J., 27; P. H., 4, 27. Sawyer, W. L., 29. Schaff, Morris, 41. Schouler, James, 22. Scudder, H. E., 40; Vida D., 28. Sears, Clara E., 4. Slafter, Rev. E. F., 26, 27. Sparks, Jared, 16, 38, 42. SpofiFord, Harriet P., 19. Sprague, C. J., 24, 25, 29. Stanwood, Edward, 56. Stevens, B. F., 15. Stimson. F. J., 25. Storey, Moorfield, 28. Story, W. W., 52. Stowe, Harriet B., 19, 20. Sullivan, T. R., 28. Sumner, Charles, 16. Swett, Col. Samuel, 16. Swift, Lindsay, iv. Thaxter, A. W., 10. Thaxter, Celia, 15. Thayer, W. R., 40. Thompson, B., Count Rumford, 19, 50, Thoreau, H. D., 45. Ticknor, Caroline, 35; George, 2,3. Towle, G. M., 55. Train, Elizabeth P., 24. Trine, R. W., 29. Trowbridge, J. T., 56. True, J. P., 32. Tuttle, J. H., 23. Upham, Rev. C. W., 50. Upham, Grace LeB., 24. Very, Jones, and Lydia L. A., 51. Vincent, L. H., 27. Walcott, C. H., 47. Walker, F. A., 5. Walker, James, 35. Ward, Elizabeth S.F., 56. Ward, Rev. J. H., 32, 55- Ward, May A., 27. Warren, Cornelia, 10, Waters, Clara C, 6. Wells, Kate G., 25, 26. Wendell, Barrett, 24. Wesselhoeft, Elizabeth F., 26. Wheeler, W. A., 32. Wheelwright, J. T., 12, Whipple, E. P., 14. White, Eliza O., 56. Whiting, Lilian, 22. Whitmore, W. H., 29. Whitney, Mrs. A. D. T., 12. Whitney, Anne, 6, 12. Whitrier, J. G., 10, 54. Willard, A. R., 26. Williams, Dr. Harold, 6. 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