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KEPOET 
 
 • OP THE 
 
 . 
 
 / 
 
 'flfoarh l^miata n! Bfltfalfe, f a„ 
 
 TO ALL 
 
 CONTRIBUTORS WHO GAVE THEIR VALUABLE AID 
 
 IN BEHALF OP THE 
 
 SUFFERERS FROM EPIDEMIC YELLOW FEYER 
 
 DURING THE SUMMER OF 1855. 
 
 
 PHILADELPHIA: 
 
 INQUIRER PRINTING OFFICE, 121 SOUTH THIRD STREET, 
 
 185T. 
 

 
 & 
 
 I -v 
 
 y 
 
 members; of the howakd association 
 
 OF NORFOLK, YA. 
 
 A. B. Cooke, President, Chas. E. Miles, 
 
 Thos. J. Corprew, lstVice President, Capt. Jas. L. Henderson, 
 
 R. M. Balls, 2d Vice President, 
 R. W. Bowden, Treasurer, 
 Jas^A. Saunders, Secretary, 
 Solomon Cherry, Corresponding Sec, 
 W. D. Reynolds, 
 Dr. R. W. Rose, 
 Dr. Wm. M. Wilson, 
 Jno. R. Langley, 
 George Drummond, 
 Dulton Wheeler, 
 
 Jas. G. Pollard, 
 Edward Delany, 
 Wm. F. Tyler, 
 Wm. D. Seymour, 
 Simon Stone, 
 Geo. H. Wales, 
 J. J. Bloodgood, 
 L. L. Brickhouse, 
 Wm. T. Nimmo, 
 Jno. B. Whitehead, 
 
 Alex. M. Cunningham. 
 
REPORT 
 
 Of the Howard Association to all contributors who gave their valuable aid 
 in behalf of the Sufferers from Epidemic Yellow Fever during the sum- 
 mer of 1855. 
 
 More than a year has now elapsed since the Howard Association of 
 Norfolk was first organized for the purpose of rendering aid to the suf- 
 ferers during the terrible calamity of Epidemic Yellow Fever in 1855. 
 Now that all the trying emergency has passed, and an exhibit of its af- 
 fairs becomes necessary, the Association desire to offer some few remarks 
 in explanation of its early history and proceedings. 
 
 It can easily be understood that the establishment of any society during 
 a season of severe public affliction, with disease and death rapidly in- 
 vading every abode, must be attended with extreme difficulty. Such was 
 peculiarly the case at the time this society had its origin. 
 
 About the 10th of August, 1855, five gentlemen, citizens of Norfolk, 
 seeing the alarming amount of want and distress daily increasing in the 
 city, proposed the formation of a " Howard Association/' 
 
 Wm, B. Ferguson was elected President, J. J. Bloodgood and John B. 
 Whitehead 1st and, 2d Vice Presidents, R. W. Bowden, Treasurer, and 
 James A. Saunders, Secretary. At the increase of the epidemic two of 
 these gentlemen were required by the ill health of their families, and the 
 surrounding panic, to leave the city. Major Bowden, the Treasurer, was 
 suddenly taken ill, and hence became unable to attend at the office of the 
 association. 
 
 All of these embarrassments occurred within a week of the time of 
 the first meeting, thus reducing the active members to only two.* 
 Soon Mr. Saunders being taken ill, Mr. Ferguson was left alone (so far 
 as membership was concerned) with all the responsibilities of the society 
 resting upon him. With all the instincts of a noble nature, but not 
 without some error of judgment in endeavoring to perform too much by 
 his own individual exertions, he failed for a time to secure the co-opera- 
 tion of many of his fellow-citizens, who were actively engaged in service 
 upon the sick, and who desired to be united as joint and harmonious 
 members of the existing association. An unfortunate oversight seems to be 
 traceable in the above course of action, yet it is one for which an apology 
 
 * They were assisted by D. Wheeler and "W. T. Nimmo. 
 
 (3) 
 
may fairly be offered. Unprecedented confusion had been rapidly induced 
 in all the relations of public and private life, which was alone sufficient 
 to distract the strongest mind, while, added to this circumstance, the call 
 of a meeting of any kind, with trouble fast increasing on every side, 
 seemed likely to end in disappointment and loss of time. 
 
 At this juncture, several gentlemen of our city, as well as volunteers 
 from other places, and amongst them, particularly, Judge W. Milo Olin 
 and Mr. Taliafero, of Augusta, Georgia, came to the assistance of Mr. 
 Ferguson, and rendered invaluable services in dispensing of money and 
 provisions, paying nurses and carrying on correspondence. It was soon 
 found that the duties imposed on these were so arduous, that much was 
 neglected that ought to have been done, — tardy and unsatisfactory answers 
 to letters, sometimes even an entire neglect of this occurred ; while con- 
 fusion and derangement were hourly produced in the pecuniary affairs of 
 the association. 
 
 Matters thus continued until the death of Mr. Ferguson, on the 22d of 
 September, when Major Bowden, who was the only member now in health, 
 called together such gentlemen as had volunteered their services and ren- 
 dered assistance to their fellow sufferers from the beginning of the epi- 
 demic. 
 
 An invitation having been extended by Major Bowden, all present ex- 
 pressed their willingness to become members, which was now for the first 
 time proffered to them. It was mentioned as an act of justice to their 
 own conduct, that they had been engaged in services of charity through- 
 out the epidemic, and had shrunk from no duty however fatiguing or hu- 
 miliating for the public relief. 
 
 The first meeting held for the re-organizing of the 'association was on 
 the 26th day of September, when Augustus B. Cooke was elected Presi- 
 dent, Thos. J. Corprew, 1st Yice President, R. M. Balls, 2d Vice Presi- 
 dent, R. W. Bowden, Treasurer, James A. Saunders, Secretary, and 
 Solomon Cherry, Corresponding Secretary. 
 
 Mr. Cooke took the Chair and proposed at once the consideration of such 
 measures as would place the society upon a new and sound basis. 
 
 For this purpose the adoption of the Constitution and By-Laws of the 
 Howard Association of New Orleans was proposed, a copy of which was 
 produced and read, and with slight alterations was agreed to. The meet- 
 ing then adjourned, every member being fully apprised of his respective 
 duty, agreed to meet daily at their office on Main Street. From this 
 period the association is conscious of no neglect of duty ; all business 
 proceeded with regularity; a simple apology being all that seems necessary 
 to the public for the delay in publishing this report. 
 
 The death of Mr. Ferguson occurred at a moment of unparalleled 
 trouble, when but few citizens of Norfolk were left in the possession of 
 health. Mr. Ferguson himself was early called upon to suffer affliction 
 
in his immediate familv, before the attack of fever which soon ended his 
 own life. In consequence of these disturbances, and the universal confu- 
 sion and panic, no search could be quietly made into the letters, orders, 
 and important papers belonging to the association. When a period ar- 
 rived when this could be done, an investigation was instituted, when, as 
 might be expected, every species of writing was found in a state of de- 
 rangement. To restore order to these documents required much more 
 care and labor than would be supposed by those who are unacquainted 
 with the voluminous correspondence of the association, all of which it 
 became necessary to examine, to ascertain the correct amount of receipts, 
 in money, provisions, clothing, &c, which was so generously sent from 
 every portion of our country. These various matters required .much 
 time. And whilst they were in process of arrangement, poverty and suf- 
 fering, which had accumulated in the city after the epidemic had subsided, 
 called loudly for continued charitable services on the part of the associa-. 
 tion. As the succeeding winter set in early, and was unusually severe, a 
 regular distribution of money, provisions and fuel was instituted to the 
 poor, which was continued until the 1st of April, 1856, (the association 
 having superseded the Humane Society during the entire winter,) prepara- 
 tion of a burial place in the " Elmwood Cemetery," for such of our own 
 members or others engaged in our service who had died during the epi- 
 demic, supervision of the Orphan Asylum, preparations of medals to 
 physicians and nurses who had come to our relief from abroad ; all these 
 must be added as concerns which consumed in their discharge a large 
 portion of the past year. "While making these statements, the association 
 is fuJly aware that even now errors may exist in our account, which the 
 most diligent enquiry cannot avoid. Being aware of this, and at the same 
 time desirous of having everything correct, has delayed the report, which 
 a clamorous, and we fear an uncharitable public has for some time de- 
 manded. 
 
 We are fully aware, that moneys have been received, for which no 
 correct account can be given. But when we take into consideration the 
 emergencies under which the association laboured at its commencement, 
 the frequent distribution of moneys in the streets or wherever its first 
 president might be called upon for aid, this small deficiency should not 
 create prejudice in the mind of any rational man. Allow us to express 
 the belief, that few, very few, similarly situated, would have done better. 
 For a correction of faults, and also for a mention of omissions in the ac- 
 knowledgment of moneys, provisions, or letters which may be found in 
 this report, the association will feel obliged to any person so stating 
 them, promising at the same time to make every reparation in its 
 power. 
 
 It may not be uninteresting to offer a few remarks upon the subject of 
 several works, whose origin, while it was directly connected with the 
 
 I 
 
6 
 
 epidemic, called forth during a period of tea months the earnest and 
 undivided labours of the association, at the same time exhausting largely 
 its pecuniary resources. 
 
 The first of these deserving mention are the hospitals. Soon after the 
 discovery of the fever in "Barry's Row/' (a block of buildings not very 
 distant from the wharf at the foot of Church street,) Mr. Hunter Woodis, 
 then Mayor of the city, deemed it advisable to place a barricade, with a 
 view of cutting off communication with the above named infected lo- 
 cality, it being the only seat of disease in the city for a length of time 
 during the month of July. To remove the sick into an open country 
 climate, seemed to offer the double advantage of speedier relief to these 
 sufferers, whilst it also promised to lessen some of the danger which may 
 be due to contagion, especially in that crowded portion of the city where 
 the disease then existed. With this purpose in view, a site was selected 
 just without the limits of the city, where a "pest house" was fitted up, 
 and immediately patients from the infected district were conveyed to it. 
 And here allow us to digress to mention a circumstance that occurred. 
 The belief was very general, that if this infected block of buildings could 
 be destroyed by fire, an end would be put to the fever. Accordingly, 
 when it was ascertained that all of the patients had been removed, the 
 buildings were discovered to be on fire — whether by design or accident 
 it is not our province to enquire. Suffice it to say, that, in a short time, 
 the whole block, numbering, we believe, fourteen tenements, lay a heap 
 of smouldering ruins. But did this stop the ravages of disease? Alas! 
 let the mournful sequel answer. But to return to our subject. Patients 
 were removed to the "pest house" in a large wagon. This mods of 
 transport was found objectionable for several reasons, but chiefly from 
 unpleasant sensations created in the public mind, and to great fatigue 
 and exposure to the sick themselves. 
 
 Moreover, the locality fixed upon, as the epidemic spread, was found 
 totally inadequate and was consequently abandoned. The epidemic was 
 now rapidly spreading, so that it became necessary to obtain some more 
 suitable location, with sufficient accommodations for a large and perma- 
 nent hospital. Such a position was sought for by Mayor Woodis, an'd 
 A. B. Cooke, Esq., then acting as agent for the Board of Health. After 
 some difficulty in finding one, they at last rented the buildings at the 
 " Julappi Race Course," which, with some improvements, were made to 
 answer the purpose. 
 
 This place is distant from the city about three miles by land, and two 
 by water, and although quite in a country atmosphere, great fears and 
 opposition were manifested by the surrounding neighbours at the sup- 
 posed danger from an introduction of yellow fever. These difficulties 
 being obviated, and plans matured, transportation of the sick to this new 
 location was commenced by means of lighters by water, and the hospital 
 
 I 
 
thus established was placed in charge of Dr. Wm. M. Wilson, a young 
 and skilful physician, who received the sufferers, and ministered every 
 attention possible under such trying circumstances. Dr. Wilson is a 
 member of the Howard Association; and it affords us much pleasure to 
 bear testimony in favor of his excellent management, and successful 
 treatment of the patients committed to his charge. The nurses and at- 
 tendants, as well as the surviving patients who were under his care, we 
 know would cordially unite with us in bestowing praise on one who so 
 justly merits it. This establishment was maintained until the close of 
 the season ; and after the decease of the lamented Woodis, on the 26th 
 of August, its entire care devolved on the Howard Association. About 
 150 patients were here treated and supported during their convales- 
 cence, which in some instances was not complete until the month of 
 November. Many of these poor people were residents of u Barry's Row," 
 and lost their all in the conflagration that destroyed those buildings. 
 These we provided with homes for the balance of the year, and furnished 
 the necessary furniture and provisions for house-keeping. 
 
 When the epidemic had extended its progress over the entire city, and 
 it was found that numbers were pining for medical and other assistance 
 which could not be obtained, the necessity of opening an hospital in the 
 city, that all such sufferers might be concentrated at one point, was 
 deemed indispensable. To accomplish this purpose the agents of the 
 Board of Health held a consultation with Mr. Ferguson, President of the 
 Howard Association upon this matter, and their deliberations were aided 
 by Drs. Tenner and Beard, two volunteer physicians from New Orleans. 
 These gentlemen were appointed a committee to select some building and 
 supervise its arrangements. Obstacles of great embarrassment now pre- 
 sented themselves. The idea of accumulating the sick and dying in the 
 centre of the city was seriously opposed, as likely to add to a panic, that 
 had already risen to an alarming extent; yet the only available spot 
 seemed to be the " Old City Hotel " but recently vacated by Mr. Walters. 
 No alternative being left, this building was secured, and steps at once 
 taken for removing old furniture, clearing away and cleaning out the 
 rooms which demanded the constant occupation of ten or twelve laborers 
 for two days. The furnishing stores as well as all others being closed in 
 Norfolk, much difficulty resulted in procuring -beds, cots, tables, and va- 
 rious other articles which were requisite for the equipment of an hospital. 
 In this emergency application was immediately made to Baltimore, when 
 the relief committee with that promptitude which characterized them, 
 dispatched by the return steamer nearly all such furniture and stores as 
 were needed for general use. It was found subsequently, that many 
 small articles were needed ; but these, through the kindness of Messrs. 
 Schisano & Kerr, were readily procured in Norfolk. A cooking range 
 was next procured from W. D. Roberts, Jr., — cooks then being hired and 
 
8 
 
 nurses secured, physicians were appointed to their respective wards, and 
 he admittance of sick persons commenced on the 29th of August. For 
 the management of this Institution we beg leave to refer to the Report of 
 Dr. Fenner in another part of this report. 
 
 Whilst these various concerns devolved chiefly upon the association, it 
 became also their duty to meet the demand for daily supplies, not only to 
 the inmates of the hospital, but likewise to numerous persons who were 
 lying sick in every portion of the city. For the accommodation of all 
 such, it was found necessary to maintain within the hospital an apothecary 
 shop, and this matter next received the attention of the association. By 
 its aid, not only to hospital patients but to the community at large, a very 
 convenient place for dispensing medicines was afforded, and this at a time 
 when only one other drug store in Norfolk was left open. Very many 
 articles of diet, together with such fruit as oranges and lemons, which 
 were in great demand by the sick, could here be obtained ; bread too after 
 niglit was procurable here, when no other method remained for providing 
 this necessary of life. 
 
 At one period the demand for coffins threatened to become a serious 
 evil, and this fact being made known at the Navy Yard, a number of 
 rough boxes (through the kindness of the late Commandant, Capt. 
 McKeever) were made and generously sent for distribution. "While at- 
 tending to this matter as a part of the duty of the association, application 
 was made to Baltimore and our sister city of Richmond for aid in this 
 particular also, and we soon received from them such supplies as to afford 
 decent burial to all, except five cases amongst the colored population. 
 This small number it became necessary to commit to the earth in blankets, 
 from an impossibility to procure the ordinary provision for sepulture at 
 the required time. 
 
 In consequence of fatigue and exhaustion to all who ministered upon 
 the sick as nurses, it was often necessary to employ a separate set of 
 hands for the hospital drudgery work. A room being set apart for the 
 reception of all bodies which had died during each day, these,"after due 
 preparation for burial, were placed in coffins, which were subsequently 
 brought down from an upper story to the ground floor at night, in order 
 that no detention should occur to their ready removal early every morn- 
 ing. Speedy conveyance jof all corpses to the cemetery was a subject of 
 constant care to the association, while an oppressively hot season rendered 
 it imperative that information of a death in any part'of the city, should 
 at once be reported, and immediate provision made for interment. So 
 numerous, however, were the embarrassments for the accomplishment of 
 this purpose, and in spite of every exertion, many hours often elapsed 
 before dead bodies could be interred. This will not appear extraordinary 
 when it is remembered that fot consecutive days forty to fifty persons 
 were perishing by fever, and on some days the number reached from 70 
 
to 80 deaths. This at a time when nearly all were worn down by fatigue 
 and illness. 
 
 About the first of September, 1855, another institution was established 
 * about which a few words may not be inappropriate. 
 
 This is known as the "Howard Orphan Asylum." Whilst the epidemic 
 continued to produce its worst ravages amongst the population of Norfolk, 
 it often happened that entire families, with the exception of their youngest 
 and most helpless members, were swept away. Some of these deplorable 
 cases occurring just after the establishment of a city hospital, it was be- 
 lieved that one large apartment in it reserved for destitute children might 
 answer all temporary purposes of shelter, and furnish at the same time a 
 safe-guard from starvation. Accordingly a room was provided, competent 
 nurses secured, and many admitted. It was soon found that all the space 
 in the hospital would be required, whilst that intended for more youthful 
 inmates could not contain their fast multiplying number. 
 
 With this burden the association felt itself rightly charged, and by the 
 kind assistance of the Rev. Wm. Jackson, Rector of St. Paul's Church, a 
 lecture room belonging to Christ Church congregation, on Freemason 
 Street, was procured, and at once prepared with nurses, beds, and all the 
 general necessaries for nursing the sick and maintaining the well. This 
 institution during the month of September, contained between 75 and 100 
 children, and in order to insure every assistance which was at this time 
 available, it received a daily visit from Dr. R. W. Rose, a member of the 
 association, and also the almost constant attendance of Commander Jas. 
 L. Henderson, of the U. S. Navy, another devoted and useful member of 
 the association. Nothing can better exhibit the difficulty which was en- 
 countered in this undertaking, than the fact that many infants just from 
 the breast were her% collected, and these, in addition to every other want, 
 it was necessary to provide with wet nurses. It was peculiarly fortunate 
 that the services of such worthy and competent persons as Mr. and Mrs. 
 Parker, of Charleston, S. C, were secured to take charge of the establish- 
 ment, who devoted themselves in the most praiseworthy manner to all the 
 little sufferers under their charge, and won for themselves the lasting re- 
 spect and esteem of the members of the association. When it became 
 necessary for them to return to their home in South Carolina, in the 
 month of October, that deserving lady, Mrs. Martha A. White, (who still 
 retains the position,) was chosen matron for the asylum. In justice to her 
 faithful and judicious management, the most honorable mention is due 
 on the part of the association, who feel that, in addition to the necessary 
 duties imposed upon her, she has exercised ever that rarer and more deli- 
 cate discipline belonging to a mother in superintendence of her own family. 
 We would mention a fact which recently occurred in a case when it be- 
 came necessary to speak of her qualifications. One of our most talented 
 and highly esteemed members of the bar, in speaking of Mrs. White, said, 
 
10 
 
 u he had known her from her childhood, and if all the qualifications of 
 all of the ladies in Norfolk could have been made known, she of all others 
 would doubtless have been selected for the very place she now so emi- 
 nently fills." Praise from such a source is no ordinary compliment ; and ' 
 the association congratulates itself in having made such a judicious se^ 
 lection. A subsequent removal from Freemason to Church Street was 
 effected for the orphans at the commencement of the year 1856, by rent- • 
 ing a large and commodious dwelling, which better answered the purpose 
 of an asylum. In this they remained until January, 1857, when a perma- 
 nent home was secured for them by leasing for a term of years an exten- 
 sive house with large grounds, suitably adapted in every respect to the 
 purposes of such an institution, in the northern part of the city. At the 
 present time there are remaining in the asylum about 45 children, girls 
 and bo} 7 s, varying in ages from 4 to 16 years. 
 
 A diminution in number has occurred by returning some to relations, 
 and giving others to applicants who desired their adoption. In the dis- 
 charge of this last named duty, a task of a peculiar and delicate nature 
 has been imposed upon the association. Yet they feel assured that every 
 responsibility has been met with fidelity, as the following brief explanation 
 will evince. i 
 
 Whenever requests were made (and they came chiefly from other parts 
 of the Union) for children under our charge, we required undoubted tes- 
 timonials of the character of the applicants from disinterested persons. 
 In every instance where a child has been given up, good evidence was ob- 
 tained as to the moral standing of those about to become its future parents, 
 and it may be added with pleasure, tha't pecuniary benefit and advance- 
 ment in social position seem likely to accrue wherever a removal abroad 
 has taken place. It may not be out of place to remark that very many 
 applications for children have been rejected, because we thought the con- 
 dition of them would not be promoted ; our governing principle being 
 the interest and welfare of the child. The association has a fund suffi- 
 cient to maintain and educate those that are now under its charge, and in 
 every way prepare them for the pursuits of life, when they shall have 
 reached the proper age. A competent young lady, under the supervision 
 of Mrs. White, is employed as teacher. And it is gratifying to those in 
 whose care the misfortunes of life have placed these bereft children, to 
 know that they are making rapid progress, and seem alive to their own 
 interest. In addition to this, several young gentlemen (members of the 
 Christian Association of the city) have volunteered their services to es- 
 tablish there a Sabbath-school. And every Sunday afternoon at 3 o'clock, 
 they meet at the asylum for the purpose of discharging their self-imposed 
 duties. We take this occasion to tender to them our acknowledgments 
 for this favor, and to bear testimony to the efficient manner in which they 
 discharge their duties. Of the children it becomes our pleasing duty to 
 
11 
 
 say, that in every respect they have met our most sanguine expectations. 
 We think we hazard nothing in saying that a more dutiful and well-be- 
 haved set of children cannot be found in any similar establishment in the 
 country, and in none can brighter hopes of future usefulnessbe antici- 
 pated. There are several, both male and female, we hope (notwithstand- 
 ing their humble condition) to see rise above every barrier, and become 
 bright and shining lights in society. The happy government under which 
 we live inspires this hope, and we pledge ourselves that nothing on ur 
 part shall be wanting for its accomplishment. 
 
 An apology seems scarcely requisite to be given to the public for an 
 expenditure of its contributions in the establishment and aid of an Orphan 
 Asylum. In some instances, funds reached our hands with express di- 
 rections that they should go to the benefit of the orphans. But in a large 
 majority of cases no such intimation was made. Yet it is believed the hu- 
 mane in every section of our country will look favourably upon such an 
 expenditure. The association deems, that every appropriation of funds for 
 the relief of sufferers by the late epidemic, is its destined employment, 
 and certainly none deserve more profound sympathy and assistance than 
 parentless and indigent children who are left to mourn over their bereave- 
 ments caused by that dreadful pestilence. Although not originally in- 
 tended for any such purpose, it is hoped that an Institution upon a per- 
 manent and liberal basis, and with special design towards rearing or- 
 phans, may yet prove one of the pleasing realities to be witnessed by the 
 association. 
 
 In addition to the hospitals and Asylum, a brief notice may next be 
 made concerning some other minor matters of business which were per 
 formed at different periods of the epidemic by members of the association. 
 At a time when fears of contracting disease had seized upon all our 
 population, it was apprehended that the captains and crews of the Balti- 
 more steamers (then our only conveyances for provisions, &c.) might be 
 in danger if their boats touched at their regular place^of landing in Nor- 
 folk. To avoid such a risk, it became necessary to charter the steamer 
 Princess Anne, to meet the Baltimore boats at some distance in the harbor 
 below the city, and then receive the regular supply of goods, medicines, 
 &c, destined for this community. This arrangement was fortunately 
 very successful, and no interruption occurred in the constant receipt of 
 such articles as were necessary to the support of life amongst our plague- 
 stricken population. The storehouse of the "Baltimore Steam Packet 
 Company" was now opened, and one of ourgassociates (W. D. Seymour) 
 appointed as its keeper and superintendent. No failure arose in the dis- 
 charge of this troublesome duty which sometimes required day and also 
 night labor, and by its faithful performance, an inestimable blessing was 
 secured not only to the suffering sick, but likewise to every inhabitant of 
 the city. 
 
12 
 
 So far as the distressing situation of things permitted, our association 
 endeavoured to render comfortable the position of volunteer physicians and 
 nurses, who had come to our aid. 'With this view, arrangements were 
 made with the National Hotel (kept then "by B. B. Walters, Esq., and 
 the only hotel that was kept open during the pestilence) for their accom- 
 modation ; and when necessity required the attendants to lodge perma- 
 nently in the hospital, boarding and meals could here be obtained without 
 leaving the establishment. Besides the employment of every public con- 
 veyance for medical gentlemen in their practice, requisitions from private 
 citizens continued to bo made, so that vehicles, servants, and horses per- 
 formed each their share of service during the season of need. Such is a 
 brief recital of our affairs, without any remark concerning pecuniary ex- 
 penditure which was involved in them. This point now remains to be 
 briefly explained, especially since the list of disbursements furnishes only 
 a short and concise statement of very important items. 
 
 Without the most active measures on the part of the association, it is 
 difficult to say what troubles might have arisen from' the delayed burial 
 of the dead during the month of September, 1855. At this period, labor 
 (and especially such as was demanded in the cemeteries) could not be 
 procured except at very high rates. One fact in testimony of this will 
 fully justify the assertion. For twenty-five extra hands who were occu- 
 pied one week in digging graves five hundred dollars were paid as wages. 
 The amount for funeral expenses, undertakers' bills, sundry small orders, 
 &c, which stands as the first item in the list of expenses may be explained 
 by mentioning that about 2,300 persons were buried by the asso- 
 ciation, they furnishing coffins, and everything else required for inter- 
 ment. 
 
 Board and expenses of volunteer physicians, druggists, and nurses 
 were assumed and defrayed by the association, in consideration of the 
 valuable and humane assistance derived from all these worthy individuals. 
 Their number amounted to over 150 strangers, many of whom passed six 
 weeks in Norfolk, and the larger proportion were furnished with hotel ac- 
 commodations at the rate of two dollars per day. It frequently happened 
 that persons who came from a distance, did so at their own expense — 
 whenever this was the case, if it came to the knowledge of the association, 
 reparation was made. The expenses of all leaving were likewise paid by 
 the association. 
 
 In another part of this report mention was made of the severity of the 
 winter of 1855—56. This may be here repeated in explanation of the 
 very large amount that was expended for fuel. The cold season com- 
 menced in November, 1855, and it was remarkably severe during the months 
 of January, February, and March, 1856. Poor and helpless persons 
 abounded throughout the city to an extent hitherto unknown ; and these 
 it became necessary to supply with wood for nearly six months. Finding 
 
13 
 
 it very inconvenient to get a supply at all times from the wood market, 
 we contracted with Messrs. Ridley & Noe to furnish us with whatever 
 quantity we might desire, at such places, in such quantities, and at such 
 times as we might order. They faithfully performed their part of the 
 contract, and delivered (at the doors of the recipients,) wood throughout 
 the winter in accordance with orders from the directors of the association. 
 Nearly two thousand cords, according to our books, were distributed du- 
 ring the fall and winter, and these facts, together with the high price of 
 fuel, will account for the large amount under this item of our disburse- 
 ments. Nor will this seem so very large, when we state a fact, which we 
 presume is not generally known, that nearly jive hundred families were 
 dependent upon us for a large portion of their means of sustenance ; and 
 for nearly all the fuel they consumed until the month of April, 1856. 
 
 It is not intended that explanations shall be given respecting a long 
 and varied series of charges placed to the account of the Orphan Asylum. 
 Suffice it to say that this institution has been under the care of our as- 
 sociation since Sept. 1855, and a large number of incumbents have re- 
 quired support. The concern has been managed in as economical a 
 manner as the comfort of the orphans and a due regard for their welfare 
 would allow. As to our management, we invite the scrutiny of all who 
 feel an interest in the matter, being well convinced that we need not fear 
 an investigation. For a full account of receipts, disbursements, &c, we 
 invite attention to the annexed statement ; and ask that forbearance, which 
 we are sure will be readily awarded by a generous public. 
 
 In view of all that has been reported, and as a final subject of remark, 
 an expression of thanks from the Howard Association becomes one of its 
 most important and pleasing duties. A lasting debt of gratitude on our 
 part, and also of the citizens of Norfolk generally, is due to the thousands 
 of humane individuals and societies throughout the United States, anil 
 even in Europe, who generously gave to the relief of suffering humanity 
 during the Epidemic of 1855. 
 
 Without any intention of overlooking the smallest gifts of charity 
 which have been received, and now rendering its grateful acknowledg- 
 ments for all such, the association deem that some special mention of 
 names will not be regarded in the light of invidious distinction. 
 
 To the cities of New York and Philadelphia, for their very liberal and 
 generous gifts in money, stores, physicians and nurses, upon the first call 
 made for assistance, we now desire to render our sincere and lasting 
 gratitude. Nor must it be forgotten that, on an early occasion, our fellow- 
 countrymen of Boston, Salem, Newburyport, and other towns in Massa- 
 chusetts, together with several of the principal cities and towns in the 
 distant state of Maine, gave monied contributions, and their sincere sym- 
 pathy to our suffering population. To the states of New Hampshire, 
 Rhode Island, and Connecticut the same remark is true, and this gene- 
 
14 
 
 rous spirit manifested on the part of our remote friends deserves on this 
 special account particular commemoration and gratitude. New Jersey, 
 with no intimate ties existing between her cities and Norfolk, came for- 
 ward in the freest and most charitable manner when the distress of the 
 place became known, as the very liberal amount acknowledged from her 
 several cities and towns will show. We with pleasure accord the same 
 meed of praise to Delaware, whose several towns of New Castle, Fort 
 Delaware, and Smyrna, appear in the list of our benefactors. To Mary- 
 land and her chief city of Baltimore, with a variety of small towns scat- 
 tered over the state, the sufferers during the late epidemic are perhaps in 
 a more peculiar manner indebted, than to any other quarter of the nation. 
 At a period of severest affliction and want, the regular steamer plying 
 between Baltimore and Norfolk continued to bring large supplies of pro- 
 visions for our people when money could not purchase them. This 
 service was performed too, without the charge of the first dime not only 
 for stores and provisions — but physicians, nurses, agents and all persons 
 in any way connected with the Howard Association, were passed free of 
 charge. The citizens of our own state throughout its whole extent, in- 
 cluding almost every county and town, generously administered to our 
 relief. To our sister cities of Kichmond and Petersburg we are particu- 
 larly indebted, for they proved themselves real friends, in our hour of 
 need. Washington City and other portions of the District of Columbia 
 contributed freely to our aid by remittances in money. And our fund 
 was largely increased by remittances from sources near and distant over 
 the entire exteift of North Carolina ; as were also our stores of provisions 
 and clothing augmented from the same source. In addition to generous 
 and bountiful sums from South Carolina, the association would here ac- 
 knowledge the material and valuable assistance derived from that band 
 of devoted and charitable physicians, nurses, and druggists of Charleston, 
 who laboured with constancy upon the sick for a period of five weeks. 
 Savannah and Augusta also deserve our sincere thanks for services of 
 priceless worth, in sending to Norfolk skilful medical men, nurses, and 
 pecuniary aid. To other portions of the State of Georgia are we likewise 
 indebted for material aid. We acknowledge with grateful emotions 
 valuable assistance of the same kind from the state of Alabama, and 
 particularly from the city of Mobile, which sent as noble a band of phi- 
 lanthropists as any state or nation can boast of. Nor can we find words to 
 express our thanks to the city of New Orleans, for the noble and generous 
 manner in which she responded to our call for help. No sooner had our ap- 
 peal gone forth, than skilful physicians and experienced nurses rushed to 
 our aid. Being the first to volunteer assistance, they were amongst the last 
 to leave us. Not only north and south, but to the remotest parts of the 
 United States, one singular and noble feeling of sympathy extended itself. 
 Florida, in her distant peninsula; Kentucky, Tennessee and Ohio, sepa- 
 
15 
 
 rated from us by space and mountains ; Illinois-and Missouri, still farther 
 in the west, where the scourge of Yellow Fever has never yet penetrated, — 
 all at cur cry of distress, and in a spirit of exalted benevolence without a 
 parallel, came to the rescue. Even to such an extraordinary degree did 
 this universal charity arise, that a handsome donation from the citizens of 
 Aspinwall od the American Isthmus, was received for distribution to the 
 sufferers of this city. We deem it incumbent upon us to state that material 
 aid was afforded by the President of the United States, and als.o by the Se- 
 cretary of the Navy, together with other of our public officers. On some 
 occasions remittances in money from naval officers and general crews of 
 vessels, reached Norfolk, after having traversed one half the globe on 
 their mission of relief to this place ; and while alluding to aid which came 
 from abroad, particular notice must be taken of our worthy and generous 
 countryman, Mr. Peabody, who transmitted during the epidemic a large 
 amount of money from London. 
 
 For all of the above gifts, and for all, manifestations of sympathy in our 
 behalf, the association now desire to acknowledge their debt of sincere 
 and profound gratitude, sensible, at the same time, that no reward can 
 be offered in return for such inestimable blessings as those bestowed 
 upon the people of Norfolk. Whilst cherishing a warm emotion of thank- 
 fulness to our multiplied benefactors, we can only promise, that if ever 
 it become our duty to lend assistance to the cause of suffering humanity, 
 such an office will be performed with freer hands, and fuller hearts, from 
 the remembrance of all that we have received ourselves. 
 
 We cannot close this report without referring to others who acted a 
 noble part during the pestilence. 
 
 To her own immortal honor, (as well as for the honor of her sex, be it 
 said,) that the first volunteer who offered to come to our aid as nurse, 
 was Miss Annie M. Andrews, of Louisiana. She was at that time on a visit 
 to her relations in Syracuse, New York ; and contrary to their admoni. 
 tions, and advice, left the comforts and enjoyments of their society, to 
 take up her abode amongst the sick and dying in an hospital, and to 
 breathe the pestilential air of an infected city. She shrank from no 
 danger, she performed with cheerfulness and alacrity every duty assigned 
 her; and few, very few, even amongst the sterner sex, can be found, who 
 have undergone such fearful risks, and faced such imminent dangers. She 
 has won for herself a name and a fame, that will be immortal. To her, in 
 a peculiar manner, do we owe a debt of gratitude. It was no doubt her 
 example, that induced many others to come. Her name will be handed 
 down to posterity, side by side with that of Florence Nightingale, as ex- 
 amples of heroism, rarely equalled, never surpassed. 
 
 To Moore N. Falls, Esq., the humane and enterprising President of! 
 " the Baltimore Steam Packet Company" we are in a peculiar manner. 
 
16 
 
 indebted, for the many and invaluable services rendered by him. But 
 for him, the supp^s so lavishly bestowed upon us by a generous people, 
 could not have reached us. And we here tender to him the homage of 
 grateful hearts. 
 
 We are in like manner especially indebted to F. A. Levering, Esq., 
 chairman, and other gentleman of the Baltimore Relief Committee, for 
 their constant and unremitting attention to our necessities. 
 
 To the Relief Committee of Philadelphia, and particularly to their 
 noble Chairman, Thomas Webster, Jr., all praise and thanks are due. 
 Perhaps to him, more than to any other single individual, are we in- 
 debted for money and provisions. His name is as familiar " as house- 
 hold words," and will ever be cherished in grateful remembrance, not 
 only by the members of the Howard Association, but by the citizens of 
 Norfolk generally. Whilst naming these persons, we must not omit to 
 mention the names of Dodomead, of Richmond, Paul, of Petersburg, 
 Otey, of Lynchburg, Ingle, of Washington, Albright, of Lancaster, Hunt 
 Macy & Soutter, of New York, together with the noble gentlemen who 
 composed the several Relief Committees of Boston, Albany, Alexandria, 
 Charleston, Columbia, Wilmington, N. C, Cincinnati, Lexington, Chicago, 
 St. Louis, and all other cities who labored in our behalf, as being enti- 
 tled to our especial thanks. In rendering this homage, we have doubt- 
 less omitted many names that ought to have been mentioned; — to all of 
 such, we will say that we are equally grateful to them. 
 
 The summer and fall of 1855 has made an epoch in the history of Nor- 
 folk. Never perhaps in our country's history, was any place visited with 
 such an awful pestilence, never did the list of mortality for the number 
 of [inhabitants rise to such a fearful height. A blow was given to the 
 prosperity and advancement of our people, which will require time to 
 efface. But it is not in this particular, that the most awful havoc was 
 made. It was the immense sacrifice of human life, and the evils conse- 
 quent thereby, that renders its recollection so painful. It is not our in- 
 tention at this late day to attempt to harrow up feelings that have been 
 soothed by time, or to picture any of the direful events that transpired 
 during that reign of terror. Our object being simply to make honorable 
 mention of some of the noble dead, who fell martyrs in the cause of suf- 
 fering humanity. 
 
 It is generally known, that the lamented Hunter Woodis was the Mayor 
 of the city when the plague began. We all know with what firmness and 
 undaunted courage he met the foe. Every expedient in his power was 
 resorted to, to arrest its progress. He laboured "in season and out of 
 season" for the accomplishment of this end. But, alas ! to no purpose. 
 The fiat had gone forth: and nothing short of the power of " Him who 
 ruletti" could arrest it. He did not, however, relax his energies, nor 
 cease his efforts, until an arrow sped by the fatal archer pierced him ; 
 end he fell (if man ever did so fall) a martyr to humanity. In his death 
 
17 
 
 the city lost an invaluable officer and citizen — society an estimable mem- 
 ber — and his own family, one, the kindest of husbands, and most affec- 
 tionate of fathers. It is useless for us to speak of William Boyd Fergu- 
 son, the first President of our association. The whole country is familiar 
 w T ith his name. And in him we find another remarkable instance of self- 
 sacrifice in serving his fellow man, For six weeks were his labors inces- 
 sant in the direful plague. He was early in the action, and after having 
 borne the brunt of the battle, when the enemy was well nigh overcome, 
 and about retiring from the conflict, when the hopes of his friends were 
 high that he would prove victorious, a fatal shot struck him ; and he too 
 had to be taken to that cemetery, where he had but recently assisted in 
 depositing the remains of so many of his fellow men. 
 
 The names of Roberts, Tunis, Wills, Garnett, and a host of other citi- 
 zens, as well as those of the Rev. Mr. Jackson, the Rev. Mr. Dibbrell, and 
 the Rev. Mr. Bagnall deserve honorable mention, and a more extended 
 notice. But the space we allotted will not permit us to do so here. 
 
 The medical fraternity (both resident and volunteers) are worthy of all 
 praise for their unremitting attention. We beg leave to refer to the pro- 
 ceedings of a meeting of the surviving physicians in another part of this 
 report, where the many virtues of the dead are noticed in more befitting 
 manner than we can do it. 
 
 We here tender our thanks to the committee of physicians who were 
 appointed by the city authorities to ascertain the cause, &c, of the epidemic, 
 for the privilege of including their very able report in ours, and we be- 
 speak for it an attentive perusal, satisfied that it will prove to all an in- 
 teresting document. 
 
 If our calamity was unparalleled for severity, so was the sympathy 
 unequalled in generosity. Nor was this spontaneous burst of feeling 
 confined to.any part of the country. From every part of its boundless 
 extent, North and South, East and West, did succor come. Truly may it 
 be said, " That every mountain sent forth its rill, — every valley its stream, 
 until an avalanche of supplies was with us.' 7 
 
 With these few remarks, we now submit our report to the public, and 
 especially to those who contributed to our relief. 
 2 
 
18 
 
 We, the undersigned, at the solicitation of A. B. Cooke, Esq., President 
 of the Howard Association, and in accordance with the resolution of that 
 body, have examined the annexed report of their monetary affairs ; and 
 it gives us much pleasure to state that we find it to be correct. 
 
 F. F. FERGUSON, 
 Mayor of the City of Norfolk. 
 J. JAMES MOORE, 
 President of the Common Council of the City of Norfolk. 
 Norfolk, September 3d, 1857. 
 
 To Cash, Contributions received as follows, from 
 1855. 
 
 MAINE. — PORTLAND. 
 
 Aug. 24, " N. 0. Cram, per Alex. Bell, .' . . $50 00 
 
 Sep. 29, " N. 0. Cram, for the citizens, . . . 1,450 00 
 
 $1,500 00 
 
 BANGOR. 
 
 113 
 
 00 
 
 80 
 
 00 
 
 500 
 620 
 
 00 
 60 
 
 861 
 
 30 
 
 Sep. 29, " Hammond Street Congregational Church, per 
 
 E. F. Duren, . . . . ' . 50 00 
 
 Oct. 15, " Independent Congregational Church, per K. M. 
 
 NEW HAMPSHIRE.— Portsmouth. 
 Oct. 8, " St. John's Church, per Rev. Chas. Burroughs, • 
 
 MASSACHUSETTS.— salem. 
 
 Sep. 20, " Jos. Andrews, Mayor, for the citizens, . • 
 
 27, n Jos. Andrews, Mayor, for the citizens, . . 
 
 NEWBURYPORT. 
 
 Oct. 15, M Moses Sweetzer, for the citizens, . 
 
 BOSTON. 
 
 Alex. Bell, for the citizens, . . • 
 
 Alex. Bell, for the citizens, . . . 
 
 S. V. Smith, Mayor, for the citizens, . . 
 
 The occupants of Faneuil Hall Market, . 
 
 S. V. Smith, Mayor, for Commission Merchants, 
 
 S. V. Smith, Mayor, for the citizens, 
 
 St. Andrew's Lodge of Freemasons, . 
 
 A. Hardy & Co., for the citizens, . . . 
 
 W. T. Wade, per J. M. Smith & Bro., 
 
 R. Taylor, Chief of Police, for Police Department, 
 
 Grace Church, per Holt Wilson, . . . 
 
 Alex. Bell, for the citizens, hal. of contribution, . 
 
 Shoe Dealers in vicinity of Boston, per E. Grurney, 
 
 Shoe Dealers in vicinity of Boston, per E. Ghirney, 
 
 163 00 
 80 00 
 
 1,120 60 
 861 30 
 
 Sep. 11, 
 
 it 
 
 12, 
 
 tt 
 
 18, 
 
 tt 
 
 20, 
 
 u 
 
 21, 
 
 St 
 
 Oct. 3, 
 
 tt 
 
 
 It 
 
 10, 
 
 ft 
 
 
 tt 
 
 
 tl 
 
 13, 
 
 It 
 
 Dec. 27, 
 
 ft 
 
 Sep. 27, 
 
 tt 
 
 Oct. 8, 
 
 it 
 
 Sep. 18, 
 
 tt 
 
 25, 
 
 ft 
 
 Oct. 15, 
 
 tt 
 
 24 
 
 It 
 
 500 
 
 00 
 
 900 
 
 00 
 
 3,000 
 
 00 
 
 300 
 
 00 
 
 1,330 
 
 00 
 
 352 
 
 77 
 
 100 
 
 00 
 
 178 
 
 50 
 
 19 
 
 21 
 
 165 
 
 25 
 
 75 
 
 00 
 
 40 
 
 00 
 
 100 
 
 00 
 
 42 
 
 00 
 
 20 
 
 00 
 
 1,000 
 
 00 
 
 117 
 
 00 
 
 - 7,102 73 
 
 NEW BEDFORD. 
 
 P. Gh Macomber & Son, .... 
 Oliver Crocker, for the citizens, . . • 
 
 J. B. Congdon, for the citizens, 
 N. C. Whitehead, Acting Mayor of Norfolk, for 
 
 the citizens, . . . . 6 72 
 
 PLYMOUTH. 
 
 Oct. 13, " W. T. Davis, for Religious Societies, . . 229 20 
 
 1,143 72 
 
 229 20 
 
 Amount carried forward, . . . . $12,200 55 
 
19 
 
 T6 amount brought forward, . . . 
 
 1855. 
 
 MARBLEHEAD. 
 
 Oct. 8, " Old St. Michael's Church, per Rev. J. B. Rich- 
 mond, ...... 
 
 $12,200 55 
 
 Sep. 27, " E. T. Ingells, 
 
 HAVERHILL. 
 
 LYNN. 
 
 Sep. 27, " Baker & Bro., .... 
 
 b RHODE ISLAND.— providence. 
 
 Sep. 13, " J. Y. Smith, Mayor, for the citizens, 
 Oct. 2, " J. Y. Smith, Mayor, for the citizens, 
 
 20, " J. Y. Smith, Mayor, for the citizens, ; 
 
 NEWPORT. 
 
 Aug, 18, « H. L. Shields, .... 
 
 31, * Mrs. R. P. Hart, . 
 Sep. 12, " H. L. Shields, . . 
 
 BRISTOL. 
 
 Oct. 20, " W. H. Baylor, for the citizens, 
 
 CONNECTICUT.— new haven. 
 Sep. 7, " Alfred Blackman, Mayor, for the citizens, 
 
 HARTFORD. 
 
 Sep. 20, " Caleb Pond, 
 
 24, " Col. Samuel Colt, 
 
 Aug. 18, " 
 tt 
 
 27," 
 
 28," 
 
 it 
 
 tt' 
 
 29, " 
 
 31, " 
 tt 
 
 u 
 
 ri 
 
 u 
 tt 
 ic 
 a 
 u 
 a 
 tt 
 a 
 tt 
 
 18, " 
 
 24, 'f 
 tt 
 
 tt 
 
 Sep. 1, 
 10, 
 
 13, 
 14, 
 17, 
 
 18, 
 Oct. 3, 
 10, 
 
 NEW YORK. — NEW YORK CITY. 
 
 James T. Soutter, . . . 
 
 Blow & March, and others, 
 
 W. H. Macy, Treasurer for the citizens, 
 
 R. M. McDonald & Co., . 
 
 Jullien's Opera Troupe, 
 
 Mr. Perry, Agent for London Publication Co., 
 
 " Widow's Mite," . . ' . 
 
 "New York," . 
 
 John W. Fauquier, 
 
 James T. Soutter, for the citizens, 
 
 W. H. Macy, " - « 
 
 James T. Soutter, «« " 
 
 James T. Soutter, " " 
 
 W. H. Macy, " « 
 
 W. H. Macy, " « 
 
 James T. Soutter, " " 
 
 James T. Soutter, " 
 
 W. H. Macy, " 
 
 W. H. Macy, " 
 
 " Know Nothing," . 
 
 C. W. Van Ness and friends, 
 
 Mason & Dodge, 
 
 W. H. Macy, for the citizens, 
 
 Elias Wade, Jr., 
 
 New York Orphan Fund, . 
 
 Amount carried forward, 
 
 tt 
 
 $125 00 
 
 20 00 
 
 25 00 
 
 125 00 
 
 20 00 
 
 25 00 
 
 1,000 
 
 00 
 
 1,000 
 
 00 
 
 114 
 
 00 
 
 25 
 
 00 
 
 30 
 
 00 
 
 22 
 
 00 
 
 66 66 
 
 2,114 00 
 
 77 00 
 
 66 66 
 
 1,025 10 
 1,025 10 
 
 25 00 
 100 00 
 
 100 00 
 
 320 00 
 
 3,000 00 
 
 20 00 
 
 30 00 
 
 100 00 
 
 4 00 
 10 00 
 
 5 00 
 2,412 00 
 2,000 00 
 1,000 00 
 1,500 00 
 2,500 00 
 9,000 00 
 1,000 00 
 2,000 00 
 
 500 00 
 
 1,500 00 
 
 5 00 
 
 30 00 
 
 25 00 
 
 900 00 
 
 50 00 
 
 125 00 
 
 3,500 00 
 
 — 31,511 00 
 $47,289 31 
 
20 
 
 1855. 
 
 To amount brought forward, 
 
 $47,289 31 
 
 NEW-YORK CONTINUED.— Brooklyn. 
 
 SOUTH HAVEN. 
 
 
 
 1,007 07 
 
 • • 
 
 WEST POINT. 
 
 • 
 
 1 00 
 
 1 00 
 
 • • 
 
 • 
 
 15 00 
 
 15 00 
 
 ROCHESTER. 
 
 
 Aug. 28, " Mechanics and Labourers at U. S. Navy Yard, 1,002 07 
 Nov. 23, " " Lady," . . . . . 5 00 
 
 Aug. 27, " E. T. Smith, 
 
 Dec. 19, " D. H. Mahan, 
 
 Dec. 1, " Jacob Anderson, .... 
 
 WILLIAMSBURG. 
 
 Oct. 8, " Revd. J. D. Wells, for Presbyterian Church, 
 
 POUGHKEEPSIE. 
 
 Sep. 15, " James Emott, Mayor, for the citizens, • 
 
 18, " James Emott, Mayor, do. do. . 
 
 ,20," James Emott, Mayor, do. do. 
 
 24, i( James Emott, Mayor, do. do. 
 
 ALBANY. 
 
 Oct. 10, " C. P. Williams, for the citizens, 
 Nov. 7, " C. P. Williams, do. do. 
 
 " C. P. Williams, for children of school celebration, 10 00 
 
 buffalo. 
 Oct. 8, " St. Paul's Epis'l. Church, per R«vd. Dr. Shelton, 105 00 
 
 10 00 
 
 100 00 
 
 320 
 
 00 
 
 150 
 
 00 
 
 250 
 
 00 
 
 1SL 
 
 50 
 
 1,600 
 
 00 
 
 257 
 
 82 
 
 NEW JERSEY — trenton. 
 
 Sep. 20. « T. J. Stryker, for First Presbyterian Church, 
 21, " Workmen of Locomotive and Machine Works, 
 
 PRINCETON. 
 
 Sep. 21, " Geo. T. Olmstead, for the citizens, 
 26, " Geo. T Olmstead, for the citizens, 
 21," J.B.Hill, . 
 
 BURLINGTON 
 
 Sep. 26, " John Rogers, Grand Master I. O. O. F, 
 " Holt Wilson, for the citizens, 
 
 MORRISTOWN 
 
 Sep. 8, u J. D. Johnson, for the citizens, 
 29, ** J. D. Johnson, for the citizens, 
 
 NEWARK. 
 
 Sep. 14, " Silas Merchant, for the citizens, 
 Oct. 10, " W. J. Poiner, for the citizens, 
 Dec. 21," Silas Merchant, for the citizens, 
 
 JERSEY CITY. 
 
 Oct. 15, " A. V.. Zabrieskie, for the citizens, 
 Amount carried forward, 
 
 504 25 
 129 25 
 
 127 51 
 
 328 62 
 603 00 
 
 20 
 
 00 
 
 25 
 
 00 
 
 139 
 
 25 
 
 13 
 
 00 
 
 10 00 
 
 100 00 
 
 901 50 
 
 1,867 82 
 
 105 00 
 
 633 50 
 
 1,059 13 
 
 45 00 
 
 152 25 
 
 1,000 00 
 
 988 22 
 
 119 13 . 
 2,107 35 
 
 1,051 53 
 
 1,051 53 
 
 $56,345 46 
 
21 
 
 1855. 
 
 To amount brought forward, 
 
 $56,345,46 
 
 NEW JERSEY CONTINUED.— perth Amboy. 
 Oct. 19, " Ladies, St. Peter's Church, . . . 42 00 
 
 SHREWSBURY. 
 
 Oct. 24, " Capt Carpender, for Christ and Trinity Churches, 64 17 
 
 42 00 
 
 64 17 
 
 SEVERAL PARISHES. 
 
 Nov. 7, " J. W. Hays, 
 
 Aug 
 
 • 17, 
 
 
 IS, 
 
 
 19, 
 
 
 21, 
 
 
 22, 
 
 
 23, 
 
 
 25, 
 
 
 25, 
 
 
 26, 
 
 
 29, 
 
 
 29, 
 
 Sept 
 
 . 6, 
 
 
 8, 
 
 
 10, 
 
 
 12, 
 
 
 13, 
 
 
 13, 
 
 
 14, 
 
 
 15, 
 
 
 15, 
 
 
 20, 
 
 
 20, 
 
 
 20, 
 
 
 20, 
 
 
 20, 
 
 Aug. 
 
 30, 
 
 Sep. 
 
 21, 
 
 Sep. 
 
 27, 
 
 Nov. 
 
 13, 
 
 Aug. 
 
 30, 
 
 Sep. 
 
 13, 
 
 Oct. 
 
 13, 
 
 do. 
 
 do. 
 
 do. 
 
 do. 
 
 do. 
 
 do. 
 
 do. 
 
 do. 
 
 do. 
 
 do. 
 
 do. 
 
 do. 
 
 do. 
 
 do. 
 
 do. 
 
 do. 
 
 Sep. 
 
 Oct. 
 
 PENNSYLVANIA— PHILADELPHIA. 
 
 (< Thomas Webster, Jr., for the citizens, 
 
 " Thomas Webster, Jr., 
 
 " Thomas Webster, Jr., 
 
 u Thomas Webster, Jr., 
 
 " Thomas Webster, Jr-, 
 
 " Thomas Webster, Jr., 
 
 " Thomas Webster, Jr., 
 
 " J. W. Kerr, 
 
 " Thomas Webster, Jr., 
 
 " Thomas Webster, Jr., for Workmen at U. S. Navy 
 
 Yard, 
 " Thomas Webster, Jr., for Catholic Churche 
 " Thomas Webster, Jr., for the citizens, 
 " Thomas Webster, Jr., do. do. 
 " Thomas Webster, Jr., do. do. 
 " W. F. Green, for Sons of Temperance, 
 " Dutch Band, 
 
 l< Clerks in Philadelphia Bank, 
 " Thomas Webster, Jr., for the citizens, 
 " Thomas Webster, Jr., do. do. 
 " Dr. Campbell, . . . 
 
 " J. L. L., . 
 " Dubosq, Carrow & Co., . 
 " H. Dubosq & Bro., 
 " J. M. Harper, 
 " Philadelphia Orphan Fund, 
 
 LANCASTER. 
 
 " Workmen in H. C. Locker's Morocco Factory, 
 " J. Allbright, Mayor, for the citizens, per Holt 
 
 Wilson, ..... 
 
 " J. Allbright, Mayor, for the citizens, per Holt 
 
 Wilson, ..... 
 
 " J. Allbright, Mayor, for the citizens, per Holt 
 
 Wilson, ..... 
 
 COLUMBIA. 
 
 " Dr. Smith for the citizens, . . . 
 
 " Samuel Shock, ..... 
 «' Employees on Phila. and Columbia Rail Road, . 
 
 YORK. 
 
 7, " Small & Smyser, . . . . 
 
 14, " Geo S. Morris, for Mt. Zion Lodge and Mount 
 
 Vernon Encampment, I. O. O. F., . . 
 
 18, " David B. Prince, for Freemasons, . . 
 
 13, " E. H. Weiser, for the citizens, 
 
 164 49 164 49 
 
 . 600 
 
 00 
 
 600 
 
 00 
 
 600 
 
 00 
 
 600 
 
 00 
 
 1,400 
 
 00 
 
 600 
 
 00 
 
 1,200 
 
 00 
 
 25 
 
 00 
 
 600 
 
 00 
 
 909 
 
 16 
 
 306 
 
 69 
 
 603 
 
 00 
 
 300 
 
 00 
 
 1,005 
 
 00 
 
 20 
 
 00 
 
 100 
 
 00 
 
 30 
 
 00 
 
 3,000 
 
 00 
 
 1,926 
 
 15 
 
 50 
 
 00 
 
 5 
 
 00 
 
 25 00 
 
 10 
 
 00 
 
 15 
 
 00 
 
 1,600 
 
 00 
 
 20 
 
 00 
 
 600 
 
 00 
 
 600 
 
 00 
 
 51 
 
 50 
 
 175 
 
 00 
 
 10 
 
 00 
 
 505 
 
 00 
 
 16,130 00 
 
 1,271 50 
 
 690 00 
 
 20 00 
 
 50 00 
 
 
 10 00 
 
 
 15 00 
 
 
 
 95 00 
 
 
 Amount carried forward, 
 
 $74,802 62 
 
22 
 
 To amount brought forward, . . . $74,802 62 
 
 1S55. 
 
 PENNSYLVANIA CONTINUED.— harrisburg. 
 
 Sep. 15, " J. W. Wier, Treas. for the citizens, . 550 00 
 
 24, " J. W. Wier, Treas. for the citizens, . 34 33 
 
 Oct. 8, " I. 0. O. F., per Holt Wilson, . . 12 50 
 
 READING. 
 
 Sep. 20, " Revd. M. C. Lightner, Rector of Christ Church, 
 
 29, " Thomas Webster, Jr, for the citizens, . 
 Nov. 7, " W. M. Baird, Mayor, for the citizens, 
 
 EASTON. 
 
 Sep. 24, " T. Mc. Keen, for the citizens, 
 
 ERIE. 
 
 Sep. 24, " J. Sweeny, for Presque Lodge, I. O. O. F., . 
 
 "WEST CHESTER. 
 
 Sep. 26, « D. Mc. Conkey, .... 
 
 COATESVILLE. 
 
 Sep. 28, " J. B. Smithson, for Star of Hope Lodge, I. 0. 0. F., 20 00 
 
 POTTSTOWN. 
 
 Oct. 29, " J. Yocum, per D. H. Leaf, 
 
 30, " W. D. Evans, for the citizens, 
 
 LUZERNE CO. 
 
 Sep. 5, " Chas. Minor, .... 
 
 DELAWARE.— Wilmington. 
 
 Sep. 13, il H. F. Askew, for the citizens, 
 
 23, " Lodge No 1. Freemasons, . 
 
 Oct. 18, " H. F. Askew, for the citizens, 
 
 Nov. 12, " Workmen in McCullough and Co's. Iron Works, 
 
 NEW-CASTLE. 
 
 Sep. 19, " W. Couper, for St. John's Lodge, Freemasons, 
 " W. Couper, for the citizens, 
 
 FORT DELAWARE. 
 
 Sep. 29, " Officers, Mechanics, & Labourers, per Major Saunders, 
 
 357 00 
 
 SMYRNA. 
 
 Oct. 3, " Stockley & Cummings, for the citizens, 
 
 MARYLAND.— BALTIMORE. 
 
 Aug. 15, " E. S. Pegram, 
 
 17, " Baltimore Steam Packet Company, 
 
 18, " Barnum & Co., 
 20, " E. H. Stabler & Co., 
 
 " Barnum & Co., 
 
 25, " Berrada & Bros., 
 
 28, " Robinson, Lord <fc Co., 
 
 30, " Baltimore Stock Board, per Seth Reid, 
 
 31, ** W. Knabe, for self and German friends, 
 
 100 
 
 453 
 
 26 
 
 00 
 33 
 48 
 
 410 
 
 50 
 
 10 
 
 00 
 
 5 00 
 
 20 
 
 00 
 
 3 
 
 350 
 
 00 
 00 
 
 10 
 
 00 
 
 750 
 25 
 
 594 
 42 
 
 00 
 00 
 00 
 50 
 
 108 
 126 
 
 00 
 00 
 
 200 
 
 00 
 
 50 
 
 00 
 
 600 
 
 00 
 
 200 00 
 
 7 15 
 
 100 00 
 
 250 
 
 00 
 
 25 
 
 00 
 
 100 
 
 00 
 
 64 
 
 50 
 
 596 83 
 
 579 81 
 
 410 50 
 
 10 00 
 
 5 00 
 
 20 00 
 
 353 00 
 
 10 00 
 
 1,411 50 
 
 234 00 
 
 357 00 
 200 00 
 
 Amount carried forward, . . 1,396 65 $78,990 26 
 
23 
 
 1855. 
 
 To amount brought forward, 
 
 $7S,990 26 
 
 Aug. 31, " 
 Sep. 12, " 
 Oct. 29, " 
 
 Nov. 23, « 
 Dee. 5, " 
 
 MARYLAND CONTINUED.— Baltimore. 
 
 Brought forward, .... 
 
 Barnum & Co., ..... 
 
 W. N. Newman, ..... 
 
 First English Lutheran Church, per John Weide- 
 baugh, ...... 
 
 Barnum & Co., ..... 
 
 A few Ladies of 5th Presbyterian Church, .. 
 
 In addition to the above contributions from 
 Baltimore, there was remitted from other places 
 to W. H. Brune, Treasurer of Relief Committee, 
 $12,683 61, (see statement, p. ) which amount, 
 together with contributions in Baltimore, was ex- 
 pended for supplies of various kinds, and for- 
 warded here, (see statement,, page ) say 
 $26,000, and compensation to Physicians and 
 Nurses, Medicine, Travelling Expenses, <fcc, Ac, 
 $4,500. Total, $30,500. 
 
 ANNAPOLIS. 
 
 1,396 
 
 100 
 
 10 
 
 151 
 
 100 
 15 
 
 65 
 
 00 
 00 
 
 25 
 
 00 
 00 
 
 Sep. 6, " 
 
 10, " 
 a 
 
 Sons of Temperance, 
 W. M. Hohne, for Masonic Lodge No. 89, 
 St. Anne's Church, . . 
 
 20, " Catholic Church, per John "Walton, 
 
 " Presbyterian Church, . . . 
 
 FREDERICK. 
 
 Sep. 6, *' John Loats, for the citizens, . • 
 
 15, " Young Ladies, Female Seminary, 
 
 hagerstown. 
 Sep. 10, " Fred. K. Bryan, . 
 Oct. 3, « W. M. Marshall, for several Churches, 
 23, " "W. M. Marshall, for the citizens, . 
 
 ANNE ARUNDEL CO. 
 
 Oct. 31, " .Col. Sellman, per W. H. Brune, . . .10 
 
 •* George Peabody, of London, per W. H. Brune, . 500 
 
 40 
 
 00 
 
 96 
 
 00 
 
 . 310 
 
 00 
 
 43 
 
 54 
 
 60 
 
 00 
 
 . 211 
 
 00 
 
 . 113 
 
 25 
 
 50 
 
 00 
 
 . 356 
 
 50 
 
 . 151 
 
 61 
 
 00 
 00 
 
 Aug. 15, " 
 
 18, « 
 
 19, " 
 
 20, 
 23, 
 
 24, 
 24, 
 25, 
 
 a 
 
 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.— Washington city. 
 
 Chubb Bros., for the citizens, 
 
 Chubb Bros., for the citizens, 
 
 Chubb Bros., for Kunkle's Opera Troupe, 
 
 Chubb Bros., for Comptroller's Office, 
 
 Chubb Bros., for Heads of Bureaux, and Clerks 
 
 in Navy Department, . . 
 
 Chubb Bros., for the citizens, 
 J. C. & H. Williard, 
 Chubb Bros., for the citizens, 
 Fitzhugh Coyle, .... 
 Chubb Bros., for the citizens, 
 Franklin Pierce, President, United States, 
 Chubb Bros, for the citizens, 
 Sweeny, Rittenhouse & Co., for the citizens, 
 J. W. Forney, Clerk of the House of Rep., and 
 
 others in that office, 
 Sweeny, Rittenhouse & Co., for the citizens, 
 
 Amount carried forward, 
 
 1,772 90 
 
 549 54 
 
 324 25 
 
 358 11 
 
 510 00 
 
 . 100 
 
 00 
 
 . 100 
 
 00 
 
 25 
 
 00 
 
 62 50 
 
 s 
 
 . 128 
 
 50 
 
 34 
 
 00 
 
 20 
 
 00 
 
 . 100 
 
 00 
 
 50 
 
 00 
 
 50 
 
 00 
 
 50 
 
 00 
 
 . 300 
 
 00 
 
 258 
 
 50 
 
 200 
 
 00 
 
 112 
 
 00 
 
 1,590 
 
 50 
 
 • 
 
 $82,505 06 
 
24 
 
 To amount brought forward, 
 
 $82,505 06 
 
 1855. 
 
 Aug 
 
 25." 
 
 
 26," 
 
 
 29," 
 
 
 tt 
 
 
 it 
 
 
 30," 
 
 
 tt 
 
 
 31," 
 
 
 u 
 
 
 « 
 
 
 « 
 
 Sep. 
 
 2," 
 
 
 « 
 
 
 4," 
 
 
 << 
 
 
 « 
 
 
 6," 
 
 
 u 
 
 
 << 
 
 
 8," 
 
 
 12," 
 
 
 it 
 
 
 14, " 
 
 
 << 
 
 
 « 
 
 
 15, " 
 
 
 tt 
 
 
 tt 
 
 
 16," 
 
 
 19, « 
 
 
 « 
 
 
 21," 
 
 
 « 
 
 
 24," 
 
 
 25," 
 
 
 26, " 
 
 
 27," 
 
 Oct. 
 
 1. « 
 
 
 6," 
 
 
 31," 
 
 Nov 
 
 . 7," 
 
 Nov 
 
 . 12," 
 
 * 
 
 « 
 
 23," 
 
 
 tt 
 
 DISTRICT OP COLUMBIA CONTINUED.— Washington citt. 
 
 Brought forward, - . . . 1,590 50 
 
 Bevd. Timothy O'Toole, . - . . 350 00 
 
 Chubb Bros., for the citizens, . ' • . 200 00 
 
 Workmen on Capitol extension, . . 176 00 
 
 Provest, Winter & Co., ... 100 00 
 
 Sweeny, Rittenhouse & Co., for the citizens, 118 50 
 
 Trinity Episcopal Church, . . . 115 23 
 
 Sweeny, Bittenhouse & Co., for the citizens, 25 00 
 
 Bevd. Dr. Donolan's Church, . . 325 00 
 
 Pranklin Fire Company, . . . 56 50 
 
 St. Peter's Church, .... 61 56 
 
 Chubb Bros., for tho citizens, . . 38 50 
 
 Sweeny, Bittenhouse & Co., for the citizens, 112 00 
 
 Chubb Bros., do. do. 400 00 
 
 Sweenv, Bittenhouse & Co., do. do. 96 50 
 
 Genl. Winfield Scott, ... 10 00 
 
 Dr. Thomas Lawson> . . . . 10 00 
 
 Naval Masonic Lodge, per G. B. Govan, 20 00 
 
 Chubb Bros., for the citizens, . . 200 00 
 Merchants Exchange Association, for the citizens, 700 00 
 
 Sweeny, Bittenhouse & Co., do. do. 71 97 
 Merchants Exchange Association, for the citizens, 180 00 
 Sweeny, Bittenhouse & Co., do. do. 150 00 
 
 Trinity Church, . . . . 163 47 
 
 Sweeny, Bittenhouse & Co., for the citizens, 173 94 
 
 J. P. Ingle, do. do. 250 00 
 
 Sweeny, Bittenhouse & Co., do. do. 266 00 
 
 Sweeny, Bittenhouse & Co., for Primary School, 6 37 
 
 Sweeny, Bittenhouse & Co., for Allen S. Izard, • 100 00 
 
 Sweeny, Bittenhouse & Co., for the citizens, 125 S5 
 
 Sweeny, Bittenhouse & Co., forHhe citizens, 259 15 
 
 John P. Ingle, for the citizens; . . 400 00 
 
 John P. Ingle, for the citizens, . . 500 00 
 
 Sweeny, Bittenhouse & Co., for the citizens, 132 38 
 
 Sweeny, Bittenhouse & Co. for the citizens, 436 75 
 
 Chubb Bros., for the citizens, . . 145 14 
 
 Sweeny, Bittenhouse & Co., for the citizens, 1,047 25 
 
 John P. Ingle, for the citizens, . . 500 00 
 
 Hon. P. V. Daniel, . . . 40 00 
 
 Sweeny, Bittenhouse & Co., for the citizens, 222 55 
 
 Sweeny, Bittenhouse & Co., for the citizens, 76 75 
 
 John P. Ingle, for the citizens, . . ' 246 59 
 
 Sweeny, Bittenhouse & Co, for the citizens, . 193 41 
 
 J, C. Picket, . . . . 10 00 
 
 Cbubb Bros , for the citizens, . . . 86.00 
 
 Sweeny, Bittenhouse & Co., for the citizens, . 3 75 
 
 GEORGETOWN. 
 
 Sep. 10,"" F. & A. H. Dodge, for the citizens, 
 Oct. 6, " W. H. Edes, do. do. 
 
 30, " Christ Church, per Bev. Wm. Norwood, 
 
 VIRGINIA.— NORFOLK. 
 
 " H. Allmand, Jr., 
 
 " J. H. Behan, .... 
 " Alex. Bell, .... 
 
 " Balls, Santos & Co., . . . 
 
 Amount carried forward, 
 
 440 00 
 200 00 
 406 29 
 
 50 00 
 
 100 00 
 
 50 00 
 
 20 00 
 
 220 00 
 
 10,492 61 
 
 1,046 29 
 
 $94,043 96 
 
25 
 
 185 5. 
 
 To amount brought forward, 
 
 VIRGINIA CONTINUED 
 
 Brought forward, » 
 
 " Kader Biggs, . 
 
 •* Bank of Virginia, 
 
 " T. J. Corprew, . 
 
 «' P. P. Clements, 
 
 '* Mrs. Chandler, 
 
 "■ Francis De Cordy, 
 
 «' H. A. Dwight, . 
 
 " Bixon & Hallett, 
 
 " Walter J. Doyle, 
 
 '* Richard Dickson, 
 
 " Miss G- Fisher, 
 
 " Alex. Gait, 
 
 " John D. Gordon, 
 
 " Wm. A. Graves, 
 
 u H. B. Grigsby, 
 
 " James Gordon, 
 
 " W. W. Hall, . 
 
 (i Charles Harris, 
 
 " W. T. Hendren, 
 
 ** Hardy & Bros., 
 
 " John Hipkins, . 
 
 " Henry Irwin, . 
 
 " G. P. R. James, 
 
 " Mrs. J. D Johnson, 
 
 " Mr. Kevill, 
 
 " W. W. Lamb, . 
 
 " John S. Millson, 
 
 a George Mcintosh, 
 
 " Barney Myers, 
 
 " John D. Myrick, 
 
 " C. F. Martin, 
 
 " S. W. Paul, . 
 
 " J. G. Pollard, 
 
 t( Rowland Bros., 
 
 " John H. Rowland, 
 
 " W. V. Robinson, 
 
 '« Wm. D. Roberts, 
 
 " Harrison Robertson, 
 
 " E. C. Robinson, 
 
 " T. J. D. Rielly, 
 
 " Rowe & Co., . 
 
 " W. P. Stewart & Co., 
 
 " J J. Simpkins, 
 
 " Geo. Staylor, . 
 
 " J. Marsden Smith, 
 
 " W. C. Southgate, 
 
 " W. P. Stewart, 
 
 6 J. M. Steed, . 
 
 " Chas. H. Shield, 
 
 " L. W. Tazewell, 
 
 ° John Tunis, . 
 
 " Wm. E Taylor, 
 
 " Wm. H. Talbot, 
 
 « E. P. Tabb & Co., 
 
 *' Mrs. Virginia Taylor, 
 
 " J. W. Whitehurst & Co., 
 
 " L. We stray, . . 
 
 " J. Cary Weston, . 
 
 Amount carried forward. 
 
 $94,043 96 
 
 Norfolk. 
 
 220 00 
 
 
 100 00 
 
 
 100 00 
 
 
 25 00 
 
 
 25 00 
 
 
 2 50 
 
 
 10 00 
 
 
 5 00 
 
 
 20 00 
 
 
 20 00 
 
 
 50 00 
 
 
 10 00 
 
 
 - 10 00 
 
 
 100 00 
 
 
 115 00 
 
 
 50 00 
 
 
 50 00 
 
 
 100 00' 
 
 
 100 00 
 
 
 30 00 
 
 
 100 00 
 
 
 25 00 
 
 
 25 00 
 
 
 100 00 
 
 
 10 00 
 
 
 5 00 
 
 
 50 00 
 
 
 30 00 
 
 
 100 00 
 
 
 2 00 
 
 
 25 00 
 
 
 10 00 
 
 
 50 00 
 
 
 25 00 
 
 
 100 00 
 
 
 100 00 
 
 
 75 00 
 
 
 100 00 
 
 
 20 00 
 
 
 5 00 
 
 
 40 00 
 
 
 15 00 
 
 
 25 00 
 
 
 5 00 
 
 
 25 00 
 
 
 20 00 
 
 
 5 00 
 
 
 10 00 
 
 
 10 00 
 
 
 20 00 
 
 
 100 00 
 
 
 100 00 
 
 
 300 00 
 
 
 50 00 
 
 
 50 00 
 
 
 25 00 
 
 
 100 00 
 
 
 5 00 
 
 
 *-50 00 
 
 3,054 50 $94,043,96 
 
26 
 
 1855. 
 
 To amount brought forward, 
 
 $94,043 96 
 
 VIRGINIA CONTINUED.— Norfolk. 
 
 ti 
 
 u 
 
 Brought forward, 
 Geo. R. Wilson, 
 Mrs. Whittle, 
 Win. C. Williams, 
 Thos. B. West, 
 Richd. B. Wright, 
 Four Ladies, . 
 Sundry persons, 
 Geo. Blow, • 
 
 ALEXANDRIA. 
 
 Sep. 2, " Geo. Washington Parke Custis, 
 
 3, " Columbia Baptist Association, per S. P. Hill, 
 5, " G. P. Wise, Mayor, for the citizens, 
 
 W. H. Marbury, for Sons of Temperance, 
 Orange and Alexandria Railway Company, 
 Oct. 30, " G. P. Wise, Mayor, for Miss L. Randolph, 
 
 AMELIA CO. 
 
 12' " 
 it 
 
 Sep. 13, « 
 15, " 
 
 G. W. Memford, for the citizens, 
 Dr. Mebane, and L. Martin, 
 
 
 APPOMATTOX CO. 
 
 Sep. 13, « 
 
 Sterling C. Anderson, 
 
 
 ALDEN. 
 
 Sep. 15, « 
 
 J. S. Oden, for the citizens, . 
 
 
 AMHERST CO. 
 
 Sep. 21, « 
 
 J. M. Otey, Cashr. for the citizens, 
 
 ALBEMARLE CO. 
 
 Aug. 31, " N. H. Massie, for Lodge No 60. Charlottesville, 
 
 " N. H. Massie, for the citizens, , 
 Sep. 13, « W. M. Nelson, Rector Christ Church, St. Ann's 
 Parish, ..... 
 
 ACCOMACK CO. 
 
 Oct. 6, " T. R. Joynes, for the citizens, 
 
 " A. Wallace, for Garrison's M. E. Church, 
 
 BEDFORD CO. 
 
 Sep. 20, " J. M. Otey, Cash., for the citizens, . 
 Nov. 23, " R. D. Buford, 
 
 " Holt Wilson, for the citizens, 
 
 BOTETOURT CO. 
 
 Aug. 16, " Wm. R. Gait, Pattonsburg, . 
 
 Sep. 8, " J. Anthony, Buchanan, for the citizens, 
 15, " High Bridge Presbyterian Church, 
 17, " L. U. Mayo, for Jas. Evans, Masonic Lodge, Bu- 
 chanan, .... 
 
 Amount carried forward, 
 
 3,054 50 
 10 00 
 5 00 
 100 00 
 10 00 
 20 00 
 20 00 
 50 00 
 20 00 
 
 . 10 
 
 00 
 
 41 
 
 63 
 
 700 00 
 
 20 
 
 00 
 
 140 
 
 00 
 
 10 
 
 00 
 
 168 80 
 25 00 
 
 5 
 
 00 
 
 50 00 
 
 75 
 
 00 
 
 50 00 
 296 54 
 
 54 25 
 
 225 00 
 40 00 
 
 3,289 50 
 
 921 63 
 
 193 80 
 
 5 00 
 
 50 00 
 
 75 00 
 
 400 79 
 
 265 00 
 
 %, 
 
 300 00 
 
 40 00 
 
 101 82 
 
 10 00 
 
 100 00 
 
 33 50 
 
 50 00 
 
 441 82 
 
 193 50 
 
 $99,S80 00 
 
 \ 
 
27 
 
 1855. 
 Sep. 7, " 
 
 Sep. 8, « 
 20," 
 
 Oct. 3, " 
 15," 
 
 To amount brought forward, 
 
 VIRGINIA CONTINUED.— Cumberland co. 
 
 M. B. Carrington, for the citizens, 
 
 CHRISTIANSBURQ. 
 
 John C. Wade, and others, 
 Holt Wilson, for the citizens, 
 Holt Wilson, for the citizens, 
 John C. Wade, fur Dr. M. A. Wilson, 
 
 CHARLOTTE CO. 
 
 Sep. 10, " W. T. Scott, for the citizens, 
 " W. W. Read, 
 
 Sep. 13, " 
 15, " 
 
 a 
 
 Sep. 15, " 
 
 Sep. 18, « 
 
 Sep. 28, « 
 Oct. 18, « 
 
 CHESTERFIELD CO. ' 
 
 J. H. Cox, for Agricultural Club, 
 Win. Ambers, for the citizens, . 
 
 Workmen in Manchester Factory, . 
 
 Macon Trabue, per Revd. L. M. Lee, 
 
 CAMPBELL CO. 
 
 Stephen T. Peters, for the citizens, . 
 
 CAROLINE CO. 
 
 Goshen Baptist Association, per Holt Wilson, 
 St. Luke's Church, per Holt Wilson, 
 
 CLARKE CO. 
 
 T. Smith, for the citizens of Berryville, 
 T. H. Crow, for Musical Association of Berry- 
 ville, ...... 
 
 T. Smith, for the citizens, 
 
 Dec. 20, " 
 Oct. 10, " 
 Aug. 22, " " Humanity," 
 
 CULPEPPER CO. 
 
 J. G. Field, for the citizens, 
 
 DINWIDDLE CO. 
 
 ESSEX CO. 
 
 Sep. 26, " 
 u 
 
 Aug. 18, " 
 
 24," 
 
 t< 
 
 Sep. 18, " 
 Oct. 3, " 
 
 R. L. Pendleton, for the citizens, . 
 
 Dr. Brockenbrough, " H 
 
 W. K. Gordan, " " 
 
 FREDERICKSBURG. 
 
 A "Gentleman," .... 
 
 Jno. S. Caldwell, for the citizens, 
 
 Unknown donor, .... 
 
 Henry Robinson, 1 
 
 L. Y. Atkins, for Presbyterian Church, . 
 
 L. Y. Atkins, for a member of Presbyterian 
 
 church, .... 
 
 P. Slaughter, for the citizens, . . 
 
 N. C. Whitehead, for the citizens, 
 
 FARMVILLE. 
 
 " Amicus," .... 
 
 F. W. Watkins, for the citizens, . . 
 
 Amount carried forward, . 
 
 41 83 
 
 90 
 
 00 
 
 17 
 
 31 
 
 26 27 
 
 5 
 
 00 
 
 $99,880 00 
 
 41 83 
 
 140 00 
 5 00 
 
 51 50 
 10 00 
 
 265 95 
 
 38 00 
 25 00 
 
 400 00 
 
 5 00 
 
 45 
 
 00 
 
 85 
 
 67 
 
 . 257 
 
 00 
 
 10 
 
 00 
 
 . 343 
 
 13 
 
 5 00 
 
 10 
 
 00 
 
 65 
 
 89 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 50 
 
 83 
 
 41 
 
 41 
 
 56 
 
 5 00 
 376 40 
 
 138 58 
 
 145 00 
 
 30 00 
 
 200 00 
 
 32 25 
 
 2 50 
 
 264 75 
 53 73 
 
 53 73 
 
 61 50 
 
 328 95 
 
 400 00 
 
 5 00 
 
 387 67 
 
 562 49 
 
 381 40 $102,269 50 
 
28 
 
 To amount brought forward, . ♦ . 
 
 1855. 
 
 VIRGINIA CONTINUED.— farmville. 
 Brought forward, .... 
 Oct. 3j " F. W. Watkins, for the citizens, . 
 
 FAIRFAX co. 
 
 Aug. 18, " Thomas K. Love, .... 
 
 Sep. 15, ' Thomas Moore, for thecitizens, .. . . 
 
 Oct. 2, ** Fort Union Division, Sons of Temperance, . 
 " A " Friend," ..... 
 
 8," Fork Church, per Holt Wilson, . 
 
 $102,269 50 
 
 FAUQUIER CO. 
 
 Sep. 5, a Two Ladies, 
 
 Sep. 14, " 
 18, " 
 22, " 
 26," 
 
 381 40 
 203 00 
 
 20 
 
 00 
 
 80 
 
 00 
 
 25 
 
 00 
 
 5 
 
 00 
 
 18 
 
 00 
 
 40 
 
 00 
 
 . 100 
 
 00 
 
 73 
 
 08 
 
 . 100 
 
 00 
 
 76 
 
 50 
 
 . 139 
 
 67 
 
 25 00 
 255 00 
 
 GLOUCESTER CO. 
 
 J. W. Stubbs, for Bellamy's Church, 
 P. A. Peterson, for Shackiesford's Chapel, 
 Robert C. Selden, 
 
 Alexander Dudley, for citizens 4 of Gloucester 
 King William, King and Queen, &c, 
 Oct. 8, " W. P. Smith, for the citizens, 
 
 HENRICO CO. 
 
 Sep. 29, " James Ellett, for the citizens, . . . 373 62 
 
 Oct. 18, " James Ellett, " " ... 77 26 
 
 HAMPTON. 
 
 Aug. 26, « Dr. Semple, .... 
 28, " Massenburg & Cary, for the citizens, . 
 
 HALIFAX co. / 
 
 Sep, 6, '* Johnson & Pugh, for the citizens, 
 
 11, " J. E. Haskins, for the citizens, Clarksville, 
 " b arksdale & Peirce, do. 
 
 18, " Christ Church, Roanoke Parish, per Rev. J. T. 
 
 Clarke, ..... 
 
 " E. T. James, per Bacon & Bnskerville, 
 26, " S. H. Harris, for citizens of Clarksvil'e, 
 Oct. 2, " W. H. Gee, for Sons of Temperance, Clarksville, 
 17, " Rev. John Grammer, for his congregation, . 
 «' Rev. John Grammer, for W. H. Clarke, 
 Sep. 21, " W. H. Clarke, Scottsburg, 
 
 '* W. J. Salmons, for the citizens, Scottsburg, . 
 
 HAMPSHIRE CO. 
 
 Oct. 3, " Arabella Foote, of Romney, . . » 
 
 JEFFERSON CO. 
 
 Sep. 4, " D. Howell, for the citizens, ... 
 6, " D. Howell, do. do. . . . 
 
 12, " D. Howell, do. do. ... 
 
 19, " J. F. Hamtranck, for citizens of Shepherdstown, 
 22, " D. Howell, for the citizens, . . 
 
 25, " Ladies of Charleston, .... 
 
 " J. M. Carter, do. for ladies of town and vicinity, 
 Oct. 18, " D. Howell, for the citizens, 
 
 70 
 
 00 
 
 86 
 
 00 
 
 102 
 
 58 
 
 75 
 
 00 
 
 5 
 
 00 
 
 16 
 
 00 
 
 50 
 
 00 
 
 202 
 
 25 
 
 50 
 
 00 
 
 50 
 
 00 
 
 103 
 
 00 
 
 5 00 
 
 584 40 
 
 100 00 
 
 48 00 
 
 40 00 
 
 489 25 
 
 450 88 
 
 280 00 
 
 809 83 
 
 5 00 
 
 Amount carried forward, 
 
 81 25 
 
 
 120 00 
 
 
 100 00 
 
 
 100 00 
 
 
 50 00 
 
 
 10 00 
 
 
 10 00 
 
 
 44 75 
 
 
 
 516 00 
 
 
 $105 
 
 592 86 
 
29 
 
 To amount brought forward, . . . $105,592 86 
 
 1855. 
 
 VIRGINIA CONTINUED.— isle of wight co. 
 
 Aug. 24, « J. G. Whitfield, for the citizens, . . 40 00 
 
 2S, " R. H. Whitfield, do. do. . . 60 00 
 
 KING WILLIAM CO. 
 
 Sep. 15, ** W. T. Samuel, for the citizens, 
 
 " Rev. C. H. Boggs, for Powell's Chapel, 
 Oct. 8, " W. T. Samuel, for the citizens, 
 
 KANAWHA CO. 
 
 Sep. 28, " A. Murray, and others, 
 
 Oct. 2, " J. M. Doddridge, for citizens of Maiden Salines, 
 6, '< J. M. Doddridge, do do. . 
 
 10, " Kanawha Division, Sons of Temperance, per 
 Holt Wilson, . . . * 
 
 LOUDON CO. 
 
 Aug. 28, « R. H. Dulany,for the citizens, . . 100 00 
 
 25, « Mrs. L. R. Minor, Leesburg, . . . 10 00 
 
 Sep. 15, " W. A. Powell, for the citizens, Leesburg, . 600 00 
 
 25, " W. A. Powell, do. do. . . 735 85 
 
 Oct. 15, « W. A. Powell, do. do. . . 14 00 
 
 143 18 
 
 9 00 
 
 94 50 
 
 5 00 
 
 125 00 
 
 150 00 
 
 25 00 
 
 LAWRENCEVILLE. 
 
 Aug. 31, " D. T. Poyner, for the citizens, . . 213 50 
 
 LEWISBURG. 
 
 Sep. 2, " J. D. Johnson, for Historical Society, 
 
 4, " T. Matthews, for the citizens, . . 
 
 15, " T. Matthews, do. do. 
 
 LYNCHBURG. 
 
 Aug. 20, '« J. M. Otey, for the citizens, 
 
 Sep. 8, « A. White & Son, .... 
 
 17, " Lynchburg Musical Society, per D. A. Langhome, 
 « St. Paul's Episcopal Church, per Revd. W. H. 
 
 Knickle, .... 
 
 18, " Baptist Church, .... 
 " Methodist E. Church, 
 
 20, " Employees of Virginia & Tennessee R. R. Co., 
 Oct. 1, " Sunday School, 2nd Presbyterian Church, . 
 
 LOUISA CO. 
 
 Sep. 15, " Alex. Garrett, for the citizens, . . 
 
 21, " Laily's church, per Revd. L. M. Lee, . 
 
 LANCASTER CO. 
 
 Sep. 28, " R. H. Edwards, for the citizens, 
 
 MADISON CO. 
 
 Sep. 10, " Nelson W. Cuiler, for the citizens, . ♦ 
 
 MONROE CO. 
 
 Sep. 27, " J. A. Smith, Union, for the citizens, * 
 
 15 
 
 00 
 
 44 
 
 25 
 
 51 
 
 00 
 
 500 
 
 00 
 
 10 
 
 00 
 
 56 
 
 00 
 
 345 
 
 00 
 
 57 
 
 50 
 
 80 
 
 64 
 
 45 
 
 00 
 
 5 
 
 00 
 
 74 50 
 
 20 
 
 00 
 
 301 
 
 89 
 
 33 
 
 50 
 
 50 
 
 00 
 
 100 00 
 
 246 68 
 
 305 00 
 
 1,459 85 
 
 213 50 
 
 110 25 
 
 1,099 14 
 
 94 50 
 
 301 89 
 
 33 50 
 
 50 00 
 Amount carried forward, . . $109,607 17 
 
30 
 
 1855. 
 Sep. 16, « 
 
 Sep. 15, " 
 22," 
 
 Oct. 10, « 
 29, " 
 
 Nov. 7," 
 
 To Amount brought forward, . • $109,607 17 
 
 VIRGINIA CONTINUED— matthews co. 
 Holt Wilson, for the citizens, . . 35 00 
 
 MECKLENBURG CO. 
 
 T. M. Kidder, for Sons of Temperance, 
 R. B. Baptist, for citizens of Boydton, 
 R. B. Baptist, do. do. 
 R. B. Baptist, do. do. . • 
 
 R. B. Baptist, do. do. . . 
 
 NORTHAMPTON CO. 
 
 Sep. 6, " Unknown donor, 
 
 Sep. 
 
 11,' 
 
 t 
 
 
 21, 
 
 tt 
 
 Oct. 
 
 6, 
 
 ■t 
 
 
 8, 
 
 a 
 
 Sep. 
 Dec. 
 
 IV, 
 5, 
 
 tt 
 
 it 
 
 Sep. 
 
 11, 
 
 20, 
 
 (( 
 u 
 
 
 26, 
 
 tt 
 
 Oct. 
 
 6, 
 
 a 
 
 Sep. 
 
 22, 
 26, 
 
 
 
 28, 
 
 (i 
 
 Nov 
 
 6, 
 
 tt 
 
 
 23, 
 
 (( 
 
 Sep. 
 
 28, 
 
 
 Aug 
 
 23, 
 
 25, 
 
 tt 
 
 a 
 
 Oct. 
 
 13, 
 
 it 
 
 Aug 
 
 28, 
 29, 
 
 tt 
 
 Sep. 
 
 7, 
 17, 
 
 u 
 
 
 18, 
 
 tt 
 
 
 26, 
 
 (t 
 
 Oct. 
 
 3, 
 
 (( 
 
 
 18, 
 
 
 NOTTOWAY CO. 
 
 E. P. Wilson, for the citizens, 
 E. P. Wilson, do. do. 
 
 E. P. Wilson, do. do. 
 
 E. P. Wilson, do. do. 
 
 NELSON CO. 
 
 J. M. Otey, for citizens of Lovingston, . 
 Holt Wilson, for citizens of Tye River, 
 
 NANSEMOND CO. 
 
 "A Lady "per J.,R. Kilby, . 
 Mr. Riddick, and others, . . . 
 
 M. Briggs, ..... 
 
 Dr. R. H. Webb, and others, . 
 
 NORFOLK CO. 
 
 Baptist Church, North West, per Holt Wilson, 
 Citizen's North Side Western Branch, per Holt 
 
 Wilson, . . . . . 
 
 A. R. Elliott and Miss Harvey, 
 Oak Grove Church, .... 
 Oak Grove Church, . . . 
 
 OLD POINT. 
 
 Jas. Maurice, for tho citizens, , . . 
 
 Maj. J. G. Martin, for the Officers and others, 
 
 ORANGE CO. 
 
 Col. Walker, for Rev. L. M. Lee, 
 
 Ladies of Locust Grove, . . . 
 
 J. Earnest, Pastor of St. Thomas Church, 
 
 PETERSBURG. 
 
 "Amicus," .... 
 
 "Humanity," of Dinwiddie, . . 
 
 Mrs. Mary R. Cassells, ' . . 
 
 H. C. Hardy, for the citizens and others, 
 
 E. B. Branch, for J. Eubank of Lunenburg, 
 
 A Lady, 
 
 Mcllvaine*& Hardy, for the citizens, ; . 
 
 Five Ladies, per E. T. Hardy, . 
 
 Miss R. B. Hicks, per Miss Martha Haines Butt, 
 
 Amount carried forward, 
 
 
 15 00 
 
 
 
 182 50 
 
 
 
 57 41 
 
 
 
 100 00 
 
 
 
 91 88 
 
 446 79 
 
 • 
 
 10 00 
 
 
 
 10 00 
 
 • 
 
 205 25 
 
 * 
 
 40 00 
 
 
 • 
 
 41 22 
 
 
 m 
 
 53 00 
 
 
 107 45 
 37 50 
 
 11 
 
 00 
 
 15 
 
 00 
 
 25 
 
 00 
 
 62 
 
 50 
 
 4 33 
 
 62 50 
 35 00 
 40 00 
 15 00 
 
 103 00 
 153 75 
 
 339 47 
 
 144 95 
 
 113 50 
 
 156 83 
 
 256 75 
 
 20 00 
 
 
 15 00 
 
 
 144 00 
 
 
 
 179 00 
 
 15 00 
 
 5 00 
 
 
 5 00 
 
 
 1,523 01 
 
 
 10 00 
 
 
 10 00 
 
 
 842 95 
 
 
 51 00 
 
 
 8 00 
 
 
 
 2,469 96 
 
 
 $113,759 42 
 
1855. 
 
 31 
 
 To amount brought forward, 
 
 VIRGINIA CONTINUED.— Pittsylvania co. 
 
 Sep. 2. " "A Friend," $10, « J. L," $5, 
 
 10, " A. S. Buford, for citizens of Danville, . 
 
 22, " R. W. Lyle, " " . 
 
 Oct. 6, " A. S. Buford, » « . 
 
 " A. T. Oberchair, Parrow & Sweeny's Concert, 
 10, " S. W. Smith, for the citizens, 
 " A. S. Buford, « " 
 
 PRINCE GEORGE CO. 
 
 Sep. 7, " W. B. Harrison, per T. Branch & Son, . 50 00 
 " R. Harrison, B. H. Harrison, Julian Harrison, 
 
 per T. Branch & Son, . . . 75 00 
 
 8, « W. E. Wells, .... 10 00 
 
 19, " W. B. Harrison, . ; . . 100 00 
 
 Oct. 19, " W. B. Harrison, per H. Allmand, Jr., . 50 00 
 
 
 $113 759 42 
 
 • 
 
 15 
 
 00 
 
 120 
 
 00 
 
 386 
 
 75 
 
 40 
 
 00 
 
 32 
 
 37 
 
 50 
 
 00 
 
 160 
 
 00 
 
 PATRICK CO. 
 
 Sep. 20, *' J. C. Mori, Elamsville, . . . 20 00 
 
 RICHMOND. 
 
 Aug. 18, " Mawry & Co., . . . . 25 00 
 
 23, " Wyndham Robinson, . . . 25 00 
 
 25, " Geo. W. Memford, for the citizens, . 1,909 86 
 
 Sep. 3, " St. Peter's Cathedral, per Revd. M. O'Keef, 196 00 
 
 4, " G. W. Memford, for the citizens, . . 70 00 
 " Geo. W. Memford, for Officers & Clerks in the Post 
 
 Office, ..... 24 00 
 
 5, M T. W. Pemberton, for Trinity Church Sunday 
 
 School, . . . . . 58 32 
 
 7, " Masonic Lodge, No. 10, . . 50 00 
 
 15, " Cbas. Morgan, .... 5 00 
 
 17, " N. M. Martin, . . . . 25 00 
 
 21, " J. A. Cowardin, for Juvenile Fair, . 28 50 
 
 Oct. 10, " Geo. W. Memford, for the citizens, . 1,000 00 
 
 Revd. Leroy M. Leo, and wife, . . 5 00 
 
 a 
 
 ROCKBRIDGE CO. 
 
 Sep. 8, " Officers & Cadets, Virginia Military Institute, Lex- 
 ington, .... 
 
 18, " N. G. White, for the citizens, 
 
 « J. B. Lyle, do. do. . 
 
 21, " A Lady, .... 
 
 22, " Bible Society of Cadets, 
 26, " J. B. Lyle, for Bethesda Congregation, 
 29, " Chas. Locker, Balcony Falls, 
 
 ROCKINGHAM CO. 
 
 Sep. 17, " W. W. Green, for citizens of Port Republic, 
 21, " O. C. Stribling, for citizens of Harrisburg, 
 
 ROANOKE CO. 
 
 Sep. 12, " F. Johnson, for citizens of Salem, . . 255 05 
 
 17, " W. P. Strother, for citizens of Salem, . 100 00 
 
 21, " H. Powers, for Presbyterian Church, Big Lick, 37 50 
 
 22, « St. John's Church, per Revd. W. H. Pendleton, 58 03 
 
 te, Lex- 
 
 
 
 
 260 
 
 28 
 
 
 349 
 
 52 
 
 
 133 
 
 63 
 
 
 5 
 
 00 
 
 
 100 
 
 00 
 
 
 50 
 
 00 
 
 
 25 
 
 00 
 
 h 
 
 20 
 
 00 
 
 
 232 
 
 75 
 
 285 00 
 
 20 00 
 
 3,421 68 
 
 923 43 
 
 252 75 
 
 450 58 
 
 Amount carried forward, ♦ . $119,916 98 
 
82 
 
 1855. 
 
 To amount brought forward, 
 
 Aug. 25, 
 
 Sep. 11. 
 
 17, 
 
 22, 
 28, 
 
 Oct. 3, 
 18, 
 
 Nov. 7, 
 
 tt 
 
 VIRGINIA CONTINUED.— Sussex co 
 
 George Blow, 
 
 A. Aldridge, for the citizens, 
 A. Aldridge, do. do. . 
 
 W. N. Jarrett, for the citizens, 
 W. N. Jarrett, do. do. 
 
 A. Aldridge, do. do. 
 
 A. Aldridge, do. do. 
 
 A. Aldridge, do. do. 
 
 SOUTHAMPTON CO. 
 
 Sep. 21, " J. Pretlow, for the citizens, . 
 Oct. 8, •' J. J. Darden, for the citizens, 
 
 Aug. 
 
 Sep. 
 
 SPRINGS. 
 
 C. Cocke, for visitors at Allegheny Springs, 
 J. L. Cabell, for Visitors at Red Springs, . 
 Messrs. Prindle, M'Nutt, & Wilkinson, White 
 
 Sulphur Springs, 
 P. Cullen, White Sulphur Springs, . 
 Samuel Dubose, for visitors at Salt Sulphur 
 Springs, ..... 
 Visitors at Yellow Springs, . 
 Visitors at Red Sweet Springs, 
 Visitors at White Sulphur Springs, . 
 Visitors at Sweet Springs, . . 
 
 Miss Hopkins of Ala., Sweet Springs, 
 P. 11. Smith, for Mr. Erazier, Rockbridge alum 
 Springs, ..... 
 P. H. Smith, for visitors at Rockbridge alum 
 Springs, ..... 
 N. S. White, for visitors at Burners White 
 
 Sulphur Springs, . . 
 John Langley, Palmers Springs, 
 " A Lady/' Palmers Springs, 
 W. H. Roy, Sweet Springs, . 
 
 SURRY CO. 
 
 Aug. 28, " T. W. Taylor, for the citizens, 
 
 29, " T. W. Taylor, " " 
 
 Sep. 22, " T. W. Taylor, « " 
 
 * Mr. Southgate, for a gentleman, 
 
 23. 
 
 24, 
 
 it 
 <( 
 it 
 
 26, 
 
 28, 
 
 it 
 
 it 
 
 30, 
 31, 
 
 (i 
 a 
 tt 
 
 6, 
 
 ti 
 
 11, 
 
 a 
 
 13, 
 
 tt 
 
 
 tt 
 
 15, 
 
 tt 
 
 n 
 
 2t), 
 
 tt 
 
 STAUNTON. 
 
 Sep. 
 Nov. 
 
 8, " N. K. Trout, Mayor, for the citizens, 
 3, " Messrs Gallagher, Steirs, & McElroy, per J. W. 
 M. Mc Clung, .... 
 
 SCOTTSVILLE. 
 
 Sep. 15, *' J. L. Brady, for Masonic Lodge, 
 
 17, " W. D. Davis, for the citizens, , 
 
 t1 M. B. Harris, for Sons of Temperance, 
 
 STAFFORD CO. 
 
 Sep. 27, " Elizabeth B. Wallace, 
 
 
 
 §119,916 98 
 
 50 
 101 
 
 00 
 00 
 
 
 26 
 
 00 
 
 
 108 00 
 
 
 34 
 
 50 
 
 
 34 
 
 00 
 
 
 5 
 
 00 
 
 
 7 
 
 00 
 
 
 40 00 
 45 00 
 
 80 
 
 00 
 
 320 
 
 00 
 
 100 
 
 00 
 
 100 00 
 
 345 
 
 00 
 
 94 
 
 00 
 
 80 
 
 00 
 
 960 
 
 35 
 
 336 
 
 25 
 
 5 
 
 00 
 
 15 00 
 
 64 50 
 
 26 
 
 00 
 
 5 
 
 00 
 
 5 
 
 00 
 
 20 00 
 
 50 
 
 00 
 
 235 
 
 00 
 
 50 
 
 00 
 
 2 
 
 00 
 
 507 50 
 
 125 
 
 00 
 
 10 
 
 00 
 
 189 
 
 77 
 
 10 
 
 00 
 
 20 00 
 
 365 50 
 
 85 00 
 
 2,556 72 
 
 337 00 
 
 632 50 
 
 209 77 
 
 20 00 
 
 Amount carried forward, 
 
 $124,123 47 
 
Nov. 
 
 13, " 
 
 Sep. 
 
 4," 
 14, " 
 
 
 18, « 
 
 
 22, « 
 
 Sep. 
 
 6, « 
 12, « 
 
 
 20, " 
 
 
 24, " 
 
 
 27, « 
 
 
 
 it 
 
 
 
 <t 
 
 Oct. 
 
 27, 
 13, 
 
 tt 
 
 Sep. 
 
 15, 
 
 26, 
 
 « 
 
 10 
 
 00 
 
 63 
 
 00 
 
 5 
 
 00 
 
 150 
 
 00 
 
 20 
 
 00 
 
 1 
 
 00 
 
 5 
 
 00 
 
 25 00 
 
 500 
 
 00 
 
 60 
 
 00 
 
 215 
 
 03 
 
 5 
 
 00 
 
 25 
 
 00 
 
 114 
 
 55 
 
 385 
 
 45 
 
 136 
 
 50 
 
 13 
 
 50 
 
 59 
 
 83 
 
 232 
 
 00 
 
 35 
 
 00 
 
 WINCHESTER. 
 
 Sep. 18, " J. H. Sherrard, for the citizens, . 454 86 
 
 Sep. 
 Oct. 
 
 24, " 
 3, " 
 
 26," 
 28, " 
 29," 
 
 WESTON. 
 
 B. J. M'Candlish and Judge Camden, 
 
 Mr. Bennett, .... 
 
 WASHINGTON CO. 
 
 Slave Bob, ..... 
 
 L. Baugh, for citizens of Abingdon, 
 
 W. Y. C. White, for citizens of Abingdon, . 
 
 15 00 
 20 00 
 
 Sep. 
 
 10 
 77 25 
 86 25 
 
 VORKTOWN. 
 
 Sep- 26, " B. H. Chamberlaine, for the citizens, 41 25 
 
 115 00 
 
 10 00 
 
 63 00 
 
 5 00 
 
 83 
 
 To amount brought forward, . . * $124,123 47 
 
 1855. 
 
 VIEGINIA CONTINUED.— Shenandoah co. 
 
 Oct. 6, " John Butherford, for the citizens, . . 115 00 
 
 TYLER CO. 
 
 Sep. 27, " D. Hickman, .... 
 
 WARREN CO. 
 
 Nov. 13, «' Revd. C. M. Calloway, Front Boyal, 
 
 WESTMORELAND CO. 
 
 G. M. C. Oak groves, 
 
 WILLIAMSBURG. 
 
 Robert Saunders, for the citizens, . 
 T. H, Haynes, for workmen at Gas works, 
 Bevd. W. Lindsay, .... 
 " A Lady, ..... 
 
 WHEELING. 
 
 Lodge No. 3. I. O. O. P., . 
 James Paul, Mayor, for the citizens, 
 Workmen at Belmont Iron works, . 
 Bev. E. T. Perkins, St. Matthew's Church, 
 Bev. E. T. Perkins, St. Matthew's Church, 
 J. B. Baker, for Presbyterian church, 
 
 WARRENTON. 
 
 Sep. 15, " Edw. M. Spillman, for St. James' church, . 
 Edw. M. Spillman, for the citizens, 
 Z. Turner, for Mt. Carmel Masonic Lodge, 
 Z. Turner, for two Masonic brethren, 
 Edw. M. Spillman, for the citizens, 
 
 WYTHE CO. 
 
 C. C. Tate, for citizens of Wytheville, 
 
 A. P. Gregory, for Wythe Lead Mining Co, 
 
 176 00 
 
 830 03 
 
 709 83 
 
 267 00 
 454 86 
 
 35 00 
 
 164 60 
 41 25 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 
 
 
 Aug. 
 
 8, 
 
 u 
 
 Bev. B. D. Woodley 
 
 > • • 
 
 • 
 
 50 
 
 00 
 
 
 
 u 
 
 S. 
 
 S. Stubbs, for S. 
 
 Shepherd, 
 
 * 
 
 25 
 
 00 
 
 Sep. 
 
 6, 
 
 (I 
 
 w. 
 
 , B. Bland, 
 
 • • •- 
 
 • 
 
 5 
 
 00 
 
 
 14, 
 
 II 
 
 John P. Wilcox, 
 
 • • • 
 
 • 
 
 25 
 
 00 
 
 Amount carried forward, 105 00 $126,905 04 
 
34 
 
 1855. 
 
 Sep. 17, 
 21, 
 
 To amount brought forward, 
 
 VIRGINIA CONTINUED.— miscellaneous. 
 
 $ 126,995 04 
 
 Oct. 
 
 Nov 
 
 Dec. 
 
 25," 
 6," 
 
 23," 
 
 12, " 
 
 13, " 
 
 29, " 
 
 1," 
 
 Brought forward, . . . 105 00 
 
 Rev. Geo. S. Carraway, . . 10 00 
 
 P. St. Geo. Ambler, . . . 20 00 
 
 Holt Wilson, for Mt. Olivet Baptist Church, 23 96 
 
 Leroy M. Lee, for sundry persons, . 101 75 
 
 R Morrison, for Unity and Machpelah churches, 42 25 
 
 Rev. Geo. D. Armstrong, for Rev. J. J. Royall, 50 00 
 
 Holt Wilson, for H. Sheaffer and J. M'Corkle, 104 00 
 
 Rev. Geo. D. Armstrong, for sundry persons, 23 00 
 
 Rev. Moses Gibson and Lady, . . 1 00 
 
 Holt Wilson, for Rev. J. W. K. Handy, . 7 00 
 
 A. F. Leonard, for W. E. Jordan, . 5 00 
 
 Rev. A. S. Smith, for sundry persons, . 71 00 
 
 
 
 NORTH CAROLINA.— person co. 
 
 
 Aug. 
 
 18, " 
 
 Thomas McGehee, .... 
 
 10 00 
 
 
 tt 
 
 Hon. E. G. Reade, . . 
 
 25 00 
 
 Nov. 
 
 12," 
 
 Hon. E. G. Reade, for citizens of Roxboro, 
 
 EDENTON. 
 
 45 00 
 
 
 
 Aug. 
 
 23, « 
 
 Edward Wood, .... 
 
 25 00 
 
 
 24, " 
 
 James C. Johnston, .... 
 
 100 00 
 
 
 28, " 
 
 T. D. Warren, .... 
 
 150 00 
 
 
 a 
 
 Jainos C. Johnston, .... 
 
 100 00 
 
 Nov. 
 
 13," 
 
 St. Paul's Church, per Wm. Badham, 
 
 40 00 
 
 HEREFORD CO. 
 
 Aug. 24, " K. Rayner, .... 
 
 31, " J. J. Scull, .... 
 
 Oct. 8, " Holt Wilson, for Bethlehem Church, 
 
 BUNCOMBE CO. 
 
 Sep. 8, " R. C. Saunders, Plat Creek, 
 
 Sep. 14," 
 
 17," 
 
 Oct. 8, « 
 
 10, " 
 tt 
 
 Aug. 11, « 
 
 25, " 
 
 Sep. 22, " 
 
 26, " 
 
 BERTIE CO. 
 
 Holt Wilson, for citizens of Windsor, 
 R. H. Cox, for citizens of Roxobel, 
 Holt Wilson, for citizens of Windsor, 
 R. H. Cox, for citizens of Roxobel, 
 P.H.Winston, 
 
 HALIFAX CO. 
 
 Gov. John Branch, .... 
 
 T. P. Devereau, . . . 
 
 T. W. Nicholson, . . . \. 
 
 Edward A. Thorn, , 
 
 A Student of Richmond Hill, per Holt Wilson, 
 
 Citizens of Littleton, 
 
 Thos. Arrington, for Met. Prot. Church, 
 
 EDGECOMB CO. 
 
 Aug. 26, " J. L. Bridger, 
 
 Sep. 9, " W. S. Battle, Rocky Mount, [ 
 
 17, " Jno. Norfleet, for citizens of Tarboro, 
 
 5 00 
 
 10 00 
 
 8 31 
 
 10 00 
 
 75 00 
 60 00 
 41 00 
 40 00 
 3 00 
 
 25 00 
 
 50 00 
 
 7 50 
 
 6 00 
 
 2 50 
 
 20 00 
 
 32 00 
 
 10 00 
 20 00 
 
 255 86 
 
 564 46 
 
 80 00 
 
 415 00 
 
 23 31 
 
 10 00 
 
 219 00 
 
 143 00 
 
 285 86 
 
 Amount carried forward, 
 
 $128,735 67 
 
35 
 
 1S55. 
 
 To amount brought forward, .... 
 
 NORTH CAROLINA CONTINUED.— Elizabeth city. 
 
 $128,735 67 
 
 Aug. 2S, " W. E. Mann, .... 
 Sep. 6, " L. D. Starke, 
 
 19, " J. J. Grandy, Mayor, for the citizens, 
 
 WILMINGTON. 
 
 Aug. 28, " 
 
 >ep. 
 
 15, " 
 tt 
 
 27," 
 
 T. Bird. Jr., for the citizens, 
 
 P. K. Dickinson, 
 
 St. John's Masonic Lodge, . 
 
 John McRea, Mayor, for the citizens, 
 
 John McRea, Mayor, for the citizens, 
 
 Aug. 25, 
 
 a 
 
 30, 
 
 a 
 
 
 ic 
 
 Sep. 2, 
 
 « 
 
 15, 
 
 t( 
 
 20, 
 
 a 
 
 WARREN CO. 
 
 A visitor at Jones Springs, per Rev. Mr. Wingfield, 
 Mrs. Lavender, per John White, 
 Wm. Plumruer, Warren ton, . . . 
 
 B. Lavender, Shocco Springs, 
 T. A. Montgomery, for citizens of Warren ton, 
 T. A. Montgomery, for citizens of Warrenton, 
 " Visitors at Jones White Sulphur Springs, . 
 
 WAKE co. 
 
 Aug. 21, " G. W. Mordecai, Jno. Devereaux, Chas. Dewey, 
 
 and J. H. Brian, .... 
 Sep. 1, " T. R. Fentress, .... 
 
 7, " Young Ladies' Episcopal School, 
 
 MILTON. 
 
 Sep. 10, " J. Wilson, for the citizens, . . . 
 
 FAYETTEYILLE. 
 
 Sep. 12, " Ma?onic Lodge No. 8, 
 
 13, ", P. S. Sutterloh, for the citizens, 
 
 26, " Mr. Hensell, ..... 
 
 Oct. 8, " Major Laidley, .... 
 
 WASHINGTON. 
 
 Sep. 13, " Phalanx Lodge No. 10, I. 0. O. F., . 
 15, " David T. Taylor, for the citizens, . 
 
 GOLLSBORO. 
 
 Sep. 15, " Contribution of the citizens, . . 
 
 NORTHAMPTON CO. 
 
 Sep. 15, " H. K. Burgwyn, Father and Brother, 
 
 NEWBERN. 
 
 Sep. 15, " J. D. Flanner, for the citizens, 
 20, " J. D. Flanner, for the citizens, 
 Oct. 8, " J. D. Flanner, for a citizen, . 
 
 BEAUFORT. 
 
 Sep. 17, " L. M. Lee, for the citizens, . 
 
 Amount carried forward, . 
 
 5 00 
 
 10 00 
 546 00 
 
 117 00 
 100 00 
 50 00 
 500 00 
 420 00 
 
 , 10 
 
 00 
 
 55 
 
 00 
 
 20 
 
 0.0 
 
 123 
 
 50 
 
 100 
 
 00 
 
 200 
 
 38 
 
 200 
 
 00 
 
 95 
 
 00 
 
 10 
 
 00 
 
 36 
 
 50 
 
 70 00 
 
 60 
 
 00 
 
 500 
 
 00 
 
 10 
 
 00 
 
 10 
 
 00 
 
 50 
 
 00 
 
 420 
 
 00 
 
 80 00 
 
 100 00 
 
 561 00 
 
 1,187 00 
 
 708 88 
 
 141 50 
 
 70 00 
 
 580 00 
 
 470 00 
 
 80 00 
 
 500 00 
 
 250 00 
 
 20 00 
 
 
 770 00 
 70 00 
 
 70 00 
 
 
 • 
 
 piOi 
 
 ,474 05 
 
36 
 
 To amount brought forward, . . . $133,474 05 
 1855. 
 
 NORTH CAROLINA CONTINUED.— hillsboro. 
 
 Sep. 18, " Holt Wilson, for Episcopal Church, . 28 55 
 
 20, " A member of St.. Matthew's Church, . 5 00 
 
 Oct. 3, «« Holt Wilson, for the citizens, . . 50 00 
 
 CHAPEL HILL. 
 
 Sep. 21, " R. B. Saunders, for the citizens, . . 140 86 
 
 " u A Friend," ..... 5 00 
 
 Dec. 4," "A Student," .... 600 
 
 244 96 
 
 5 00 
 
 50 00 
 
 262 54 
 
 23 44 
 
 NAGS HEAD. 
 
 Sep. 21, " C. M. Parkman, for the visitors, . . 75 00 
 
 CHARLOTTE. 
 
 Sep. 21, " Holt Wilson, for the citizens, 
 
 WASHINGTON CO. 
 
 Sep. 24, " Isaac Davenport, .... 
 
 '■* J. McBoyle, Plymouth, 
 
 27, " J. Ramsay, for the citizens, . 
 
 Oct. 15, (< J. Ramsay, do. do. 
 
 GREENSBORO. 
 
 Sep. 27, " J. H. Lindsay, for the citizens, . . 197 25 
 
 " J. H. Lindsay, for Young Ladies Methodist College, 38 00 
 [" J. H. Lindsay, do. do. Edgeworth Insti- 
 
 tute, ..... 80 00 
 
 PITTBORO. 
 
 Sep. 10, " Leroy M. Lee, for Revd. Mr. Barringer, 
 Oct. 2, " Hon. A. Rencher, for the citizens, . 
 24, " Hon. A. Rencher, do. do. 
 
 PERQOTMONS CO. 
 
 Oct. 5, " M. O. Jordan, for the citizens, . . 
 
 ALAMANCE CO. 
 
 Oct. 10, " P. R. Harden, for the citizens, 
 
 MARTIN CO. 
 
 Oct. 15, " D. W. Bagley, for the citizens, 
 
 LINCOLNTON. 
 
 Oct. 29, " J. T. Alexander, for the Masons, . . 25 00 
 
 LEWISBURG. 
 
 Nov. 23, " Jos. Perry, for the Masons, . . 108 10 
 
 10 
 
 00 
 
 210 
 
 00 
 
 21 
 
 00 
 
 125 
 
 00 
 
 14 
 
 00 
 
 90 
 
 00 
 
 BEATTYS FORD. 
 
 Nov. 27, " Mary V. Hamilton and other little girls, . 5 00 
 
 MURFREESBORO. 
 
 Nov. 27, " H. G. Trader & Co., . ' . . 10 00 
 
 83 55 
 
 151 86 
 
 75 00 
 
 244 96 
 
 340 98 
 
 317 25 
 
 241 00 
 
 125 00 
 
 14 00 
 
 90 00 
 
 25 00 
 
 108 10 
 
 5 00 
 
 10 00 
 
 Amount carried forward, . . $135,305 75 
 
1855. 
 
 37 
 
 To amount brought forward, . f $135,305 75 
 
 NORTH CAROLINA CONTINUED.— anson co. 
 
 Aug. 26. " "Spero," 5 00 
 
 Oct. 3, " Anonymous, . . . . . 10 00 
 
 SOUTH CAROLINA.— camden. 
 
 Sep. 15, " W. E. Johnston, for the citizens, . . 90 50 
 
 Oct, 8, " W. H. R. Workan, for the children, . . 40 25 
 
 COLUMBIA. 
 
 Sep. 15, " E. J. Arthur, Mayor, for the citizens, . 500 00 
 
 17," E . H. Britton & Co , do. do. . . 69 00 
 
 19, " E. J. Arthur, Mayor, do. do. . . 501 50 
 
 Oct. 8, " Jno. Usher, for Historical Club, . . 44 50 
 
 SPARTANSBURG. 
 
 Oct. 15, " David Duncan, . . . . 20 00 
 
 HARTSVILLE. 
 
 Oct. 26, " « A Friend," . . . . 5 00 
 
 Sep. 22, « A Lady, N. G. B 10 00 
 
 CHARLESTON. 
 
 Aug. 30, " A. S. Willington, for the citizens, . . 302 00 
 
 Sep. 2, " G. R. Richards, President Etna Fire Engine Co., 115 00 
 
 8, " A. S. Willington & Co., for the citizens, . 87 00 
 
 13," A. S Willington & Co., do.. do. . 78 00 
 
 20, « A. S. Willington & Co., do. do. . 101 00 
 
 22, « A. S. Willington & Co., do. do. . 97 50 
 
 26, " G-. N. Coffin, for the Hebrew Ladies, . 50 00 
 
 27, " A. S. Willington & Co., for the citizens, . 112 36 
 29, " A. S. Willington & Co., do. do. . 114 00 
 
 Oct. 10, " J. K. Sass, for Church of the Holy Cross, Claremont 
 
 Parish, ..... 113 50 
 
 " J. K. Sass, for a Lady of Pendleton, . 20 00 
 
 13, " J. K. Sass, for St. Michael's Church, . 166 43 
 
 15, « J. K. Sass, for Calvary Church, . . 12 00 
 
 17, " -A. S. Willington, for the citizens, . . 27 00 
 19, «' Revd. C. C. Pinckney, for the Orphans of Episcopal 
 church, $200. (this was afterwards withdrawn, 
 by order of Mr. Pinckney.) 
 
 " J. K. Sass, for Methodist Prot. Church, . 20 50 
 
 29, " J. K. Sass, for the citizens, . . 25 00 
 
 Nov. 16, " A. S. Willington & Co., for the citizens, . 115 00 
 
 GEORGETOWN. 
 
 Sep. 21, « C. H. Pritchard, for the citizens, . . 103 20 
 
 Oct. 5, " C. H. Pritchard, do. do. . . 5 00 
 
 GEORGIA.— SAVANNAH. 
 
 Aug. 24, " Young Men's Benevolent Association, . 500 00 
 
 25, " E. C. Anderson, Mayor, for the citizens, . 500 00 
 
 " R. B. Hilston, do. do. . 1,272 00 
 
 AUGUSTA. 
 
 Sep. 1, " City Councils, per W. E. Deanny, Mayor, . 500 00 
 
 " W. E. Deanny, Mayor, for the citizens, . 676 92 
 
 13, " A Lady, ..... 5 00 
 
 15 00 
 
 130 75 
 
 1,115 00 
 
 20 00 
 
 15 00 
 
 1,556 29 
 
 108 20 
 
 2,272 00 
 
 Amount carried forward, . . . 1,181 92 $140,537 99 
 
38 
 
 To amount brought forward, . . . $140,537 99 
 
 1855. 
 
 GEORGIA CONTINUED.— atjgcsta. 
 
 Brought forward, . . . 1,18192 
 
 Sep. 22, " D. H. Wilcox, . . . . 99 01 
 
 " City Councils, per Judge W. Milo Olin, . 100 CO 
 
 COLUMBUS. 
 
 Sep. 14, " A Boy, ..... 
 
 19, " W. Williams, Mayor, for the citizens, 
 
 MACON. 
 
 Sep. 15, " B. F. Ross, Mayor, for the citizens, 
 
 ATHENS. 
 
 Nov. 23, " A. F. Hill, . 
 
 " Rosewell Sunday School, 
 
 ALABAMA. — hunts ville. 
 Sep. 20, " Church of the Nativity, per David May, 
 
 MONTGOMERY. 
 
 Sep. 27, " W. B. Bell, for the citizens, 
 
 SUMPTERVILLE. 
 
 Oct. 3, " L. H. Anderson, .... 
 
 FLORIDA. — TALLAHASSEE. 
 
 Oct. 3, " T. Haywood, Intendant, for the citizens, . 
 Dec. 6, " Holt Wilson, for T. Haywood, 
 
 MISSISSIPPI. 
 
 Sep. 29, " Rev. B. M. Miller, for citizens of Church Hill, 
 " Rt. Rev. Bishop M'Gill, for Rev. Mr. 
 
 12 
 
 00 
 
 514 
 
 00 
 
 200 
 
 00 
 
 20 
 
 00 
 
 18 
 
 00 
 
 25 
 
 00 
 
 484 60 
 
 50 
 
 00 
 
 300 
 
 00 
 
 5 
 
 00 
 
 55 
 
 00 
 
 30 
 
 00 
 
 LOUISIANA. 
 
 Aug. 16, " Miss Annie M. Andrews, . . 10 00 
 
 NEW ORLEANS. 
 
 Sep. 22, " M. A. Helm, for the citizens, . . 215 00 
 
 " J. F. Dameron, . . . . 20 00 
 
 " F. Faber, ..... 10 00 
 
 Oct. 31, " New Orleans and Mobile Mail Line, per F. 
 J. Clack, Esq., .... 
 
 NATCHITOCHES. 
 
 Oct. 13, « Holt Wilson, for the citizens, . . 
 
 OAKWOOD. 
 
 Oct. 13, " A Lady— M. M. C, ... 
 
 TENNESSEE. 
 
 Sep. 29, " "A Poor Man," Nashville, . 
 
 KENTUCKY.— LEXINGTON. 
 
 Aug. 29, " F. Dewees, . . . 
 
 250 
 
 00 
 
 58 75 
 
 10 
 
 00 
 
 5 
 
 00 
 
 10 
 
 00 
 
 1,3S0 93 
 
 526 00 
 200 00 
 
 3S 00 
 
 25 00 
 
 484 60 
 
 50 00 
 
 305 00 
 
 85 00 
 10 00 
 
 495 00 
 
 58 75 
 10 00 
 
 5 00 
 
 10 00 
 
 Amount carried forward, . . . $144,22127 
 
39 
 
 1855. 
 
 To amount brought forward, 
 
 KENTUCKY CONTINUED.— Nicholas co. 
 
 $144,221 27 
 
 Oct. 15, " Mrs. Ann E. Bedinger, 
 
 OHIO. — CLEVELAND. 
 
 Sep. 18, u Rev. Geo. L. Little, for 1st Methodist church, 
 25, « Jos. Perkins, for a church, . 
 
 ASHTABULA. 
 
 Oct. 8, " L. Willard, for St. Peter's Church, . 
 
 ZANESVILLE. 
 
 Oct. 13, " Jas. Bruner, for Methodist Church, . 
 
 Aug. 15, " W. W. Brown, 
 
 COLUMBUS. 
 
 NEWARK. 
 
 Nov. 12, " Children of Public School, . 
 
 ILLINOIS.— chicaoo. 
 
 Sep. 29, " S. D. Boone, Mayor, for the citizens, 
 
 21, « S. D. Boone, Mayor, do. do. . 
 
 22, " S. D. Boone, Mayor, do. do. . 
 Oct, 8, " S. D. Boone, Mayor, do. do. . 
 
 15, " S. D. Boone, Mayor, do. do. 
 
 PEORIA. 
 
 Sep. 26, " P. Hudson, for I. 0. 0. F., 
 
 MISSOURI.— st. louis. 
 
 Sep. 18, " P. A. P 
 
 27, " Win. Matthews, for the citizens, 
 
 " "Wm. Matthews, do. do. 
 29, « Wm. Matthews, do. do. 
 Oct. 3, " G-eo. Washington, Masonic Lodge, 
 29, " _ Polar Star, Masonic Lodge, 
 
 PIKE CO. 
 
 Oct. 13, " W. Davis, for the churches, 
 
 Nov. 24, " J. H. Birch, Jr., 
 
 PLATTSBURG. 
 
 U. S. NAVY. 
 
 Aug. 16, " Lt. C. H. Poor, 
 
 17, " Purser J. Y. Mason, 
 
 18," "An Officer," 
 
 25, " W. M. Caldwell, 
 
 " Lt. Cooper, 
 
 " Dr. Blacknall, 
 
 27, « Lt. North, 
 
 31, " Dr. P. Horner, 
 
 " Capt. Carpender. 
 
 Sep. 4, " Capt. C. K. Stribling, 
 
 8, " Officers, Crew, and Marines, 
 Carolina, 
 
 " Lt. Williamson, 
 
 100 00 
 
 ch, 6 
 50 
 
 00 
 00 
 
 5 00 
 
 30 70 
 
 10 
 
 00 
 
 24 50 
 
 1,500 
 1,500 
 1,000 
 1,150 
 305 
 
 00 
 00 
 00 
 00 
 00 
 
 25 00 
 
 10 00 
 
 Receiving Ship North 
 Amount carried forward, . 
 
 10 
 
 00 
 
 15 
 
 00 
 
 5 
 
 00 
 
 5 
 
 00 
 
 5 
 
 00 
 
 10 
 
 00 
 
 10 
 
 00 
 
 5 
 
 00 
 
 10 
 
 00 
 
 50 
 
 00 
 
 88 
 
 00 
 
 10 
 
 00 
 
 100 00 
 
 56 00 
 
 5 00 
 
 30 70 
 
 10 00 
 
 24 50 
 
 5,455 00 
 
 25 00 
 
 
 10 00 
 
 482 00 
 
 1,200 00 
 
 746 46 
 
 50 00 
 
 50 00 
 
 2,538 46 
 20 00 
 
 • 
 
 20 00 
 
 10 00 
 
 223 00 $152,495 93 
 
40 
 
 1855. 
 
 To 
 
 amount brought forward, 
 
 • 
 
 $152,495 93 
 
 
 IT. S. NAVY. 
 
 
 
 
 Brought forward, . 
 
 223 
 
 00 
 
 Sep. 8, « 
 
 Purser E. T. Dunn, .... 
 
 20 
 
 00 
 
 12," 
 
 G. P. Walsh, .... 
 
 5 
 
 00 
 
 14," 
 
 Officers, and Crew, Steamer Hetzel, . 
 
 103 
 
 00 
 
 18, « 
 
 Officers, and Crew, Steamer Michigan, 
 
 95 
 
 96 
 
 Nov. 7, " 
 
 Capt. Mayo, .... 
 
 40 
 
 00 
 
 48fi Qfi 
 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS, OMISSIONS, AND ADDENDA. 
 
 
 Aug. 18, « 
 
 Officers, and Crew, Steamship Roanoke, 
 
 75 
 
 00 
 
 i< 
 
 Dr. Saml. Moseley, .... 
 
 100 
 
 00 
 
 u 
 
 " Humanity," .... 
 
 20 
 
 00 
 
 23," 
 
 Uuknown donors, .... 
 
 30 
 
 00 
 
 24, « 
 
 Unknown donors, . • . . . 
 
 5 *00 
 
 25, " 
 
 Wm. Wallace, Phila., 
 
 10 00 
 
 « 
 
 E. A. Knight, .... 
 
 61 
 
 50 
 
 Sep. 8, « 
 
 Unknown donor, .... 
 
 5 
 
 00 
 
 13, " 
 
 Officers, and Crew, Steamship Jamestown, 
 
 150 
 
 00 
 
 20, " 
 
 Anonymous, ..... 
 
 10 
 
 00 
 
 22, " 
 
 Holt Wilson, from unknown donor, 
 
 2 
 
 50 
 
 Oct. 6, •« 
 
 A. M. Gorman, and S. E. Howley, N. C. . 
 
 2 
 
 00 
 
 8," 
 
 A. G. Gray, for passengers, Steamship George Law, 
 
 
 
 on a voyage from Aspinwall to New York, 
 
 447 50 
 
 « 
 
 A. G. Gray, for residents of Aspinwall, 
 
 242 
 
 50 
 
 24, " 
 
 Unknown donor, . . . 
 
 5 
 
 00 
 
 Nov. 12, " 
 
 J. Pickett, ..... 
 
 10 
 
 00 
 
 « 
 
 N. C. Whitehead, acting Mayor, for the Orphans, 
 
 1,005 
 
 00 
 
 « 
 
 A. M. Cunningham, .... 
 
 5 
 
 00 
 
 a 
 
 Eevd. A. S. Smith, for a church in Surry Co. Va. 
 
 , io 
 
 00 
 
 a 
 
 F. N. Watkins, for citizens of Prince Edward Co. Va., 84 
 
 50 
 
 13," 
 
 Sales of sundry articles, . . 
 
 442 
 
 78 
 
 1856. 
 
 
 
 
 a 
 
 Sales of Coal, . . . • . 
 
 267 40 
 
 May 13, " 
 
 Contribution from British Government, per G. P. 
 
 R. 
 
 
 
 James, 
 
 152 
 
 28 
 
 t( 
 
 Contribution from Winchester, Va., 
 
 40 
 
 75 
 
 July 7," 
 
 Brown, Johnston & Co., New York, 
 
 36 
 
 00 
 
 « 
 
 Interest account, .... 
 
 1,035 
 
 13 
 
 1 9h± RS 
 
 Amount carried forward, 
 
 $157,237 72 
 
41 
 
 To total amount of contributions brought forward, . $157,237 72 
 
 By amount expended by Win. B. Ferguson, late President, $3,157 10 
 " Paid nurses, for attendance upon the sick, . 3,977 69 
 
 " Paid expenses of doctors, . . . 2,244= 79 
 
 " Paid hack hire, purchase of horses and repairs 
 
 of carriages for doctors used during the fever, 3,799 72 
 ** Paid for wood, for use of steamer Princess 
 
 Anne, employed in bringing supplies, <fcc, 
 
 from Hampton Roads ; and for distribution 
 
 to the poor during the winter 1855, '56, . 6,682 49 
 " Paid for medicines, .... 2,901 98 
 
 " Paid undertakers, .... 5,868 25 
 
 " Paid for digging graves, . . . 1,939 00 
 
 " Julappi and Howard Hospitals, including wages 
 
 of servants and nurses, transportation of the 
 
 sick, &c, &c, .... 7,736 65 
 
 " Expenses of ward stores and general stores, 
 
 drayage, labor, &c, . ' . . . 480 13 
 
 " Wages of men on steamer Princess Anne and 
 
 other expenses, . . . . 659 40 
 
 " Wages of those in service of the Association, 
 
 office rent, &c, . . . . 345 49 
 
 " Groceries, <fec, for distribution to the sick and 
 
 poor, . . . . . . 6,934 14 
 
 " Freight and labor on cargo of ice and coal, . 426 04 
 
 " City Watch, . . . . . • 1,148 25 
 
 " National Hotel, for board of doctors and use 
 
 of hospital, . ' . . . . 6,157 49 
 
 " Mrs. W. V. Robinson, for soup, . . 831 87 
 
 " Orphans' Asylum, expenses of servants, rent, 
 
 marketing, groceries, furniture, teachers, 
 
 matron, &c, &c, . , . • 8,670 67 
 
 " General distribution to the poor during the 
 
 winter of 1855, '56, . 
 " Medals presented to doctors and nurses, 
 
 " Cemetery lot, stone work and railing, . 
 
 " Paid for taking " List of Deaths," 
 
 " Recording deeds and tel. dispatch, , 
 
 70,202 69 
 
 " Sent to Portsmouth Relief Association, by di- 
 
 rection of the donors, . • . 19,071 89 
 
 " Permanent investment for support of Orphans' 
 
 Asylum, . . . . .58,867 40 
 
 " Balance in bank, . . '. . 9,095 74 
 
 $157,237 72 
 
 3,567 
 
 89 
 
 1,594 
 
 85 
 
 919 
 
 16 
 
 150 
 
 00 
 
 9 
 
 64 
 
 1857. 
 
 Jan. 1, To balance in bank, .... $9,095 74 
 
BECAPITULATION. 
 
 Maine, 
 
 
 $1,663 00 
 
 New Hampshire, 
 
 
 
 
 
 80 00 
 
 Massachusetts, . 
 
 
 
 
 
 10,627 55 
 
 Bhode Island, 
 
 
 
 
 
 2,257 66 
 
 Connecticut, 
 
 
 
 
 
 1,150 10 
 
 New York, 
 
 
 
 
 
 35,518 39 
 
 New Jersey, 
 
 
 
 
 
 5,319 42 
 
 Pennsylvania, . , 
 
 
 
 
 
 20,171 64 
 
 Delaware, . . 
 
 
 
 
 
 2,202 50 
 
 Maryland, . , 
 
 
 
 
 
 3,514 80 
 
 District of Columbia, 
 
 
 
 
 
 11,538 90 
 
 Virginia, . . 
 
 
 
 
 
 33 515 54 
 
 North Carolina, . , 
 
 
 
 
 
 7,761 25 
 
 South Carolina, . 
 
 
 
 
 
 2,945 24 
 
 Georgia, . . 
 
 
 
 
 
 4,416 93 
 
 Alabama, . . 
 
 
 
 
 
 559 60 
 
 Florida, . 
 
 
 
 
 
 305 00 
 
 Mississippi, . . 
 
 
 
 
 
 85 00 
 
 Louisiana., . , 
 
 
 
 
 
 573 75 
 
 Tennessee, 
 
 
 
 
 
 5 00 
 
 Kentucky, » 
 
 
 
 
 
 110 00 
 
 Ohio, 
 
 
 
 
 
 126 20 
 
 Illinois, . 
 
 
 
 
 
 5,480 00 
 
 Missouri, . . 
 
 
 
 
 
 2,568 46 
 
 U. S. Navy, 
 
 
 
 
 
 486 96 
 
 Miscellaneous, . , 
 
 
 
 
 
 4,254 83 
 
 $157,237 72 
 
 (42) 
 
43 
 
 Statement of amounts handed to W. K Brune, Treasurer of Baltimore 
 Belief Committee, by mn-residents of the City of Baltimore, which was 
 expended for provisions, &c, for the relief of the sufferers at Norfolk 
 and Portsmouth. 
 
 Abington Post 
 
 Board of Maryland Pilots, . . Maryland. 
 
 Citizens of Charles Co., ... " 
 
 Citizens of Cumberland, . 
 Eininerton Post Office, $25 00 
 
 Office. $5 00, 
 St. Anne's Church, Annapolis, . 
 Presbyterian Church, " 
 African Church, " 
 
 Naval Academy, " per Pier. T. B. Bartowj 
 
 Geo. W. Hall, Harford, . 
 Bayside Lodge, St. Michaels, 
 Westminster Church, 
 Citizens of Kent County, 
 Citizens of Elkton, . . . 
 
 Rev. John R. Keech, Springfield, 
 Company K., Fort McHenry, . . " 
 
 Colored Missionary Society, Ellicott's Mills, " 
 
 W. Cooke & Sons, from counties, . " 
 
 D. M. Seymour, Hartford, . . " 
 
 Citizens of Chestertown, . . " 
 
 Two Gentlemen of South River, Anno Arundel Co." 
 New Market Post Office, . . " 
 
 Mayor Lewin, from Allhalloween Parish, " 
 
 • 
 
 York Post Office, . . 
 
 Citizens of Pittsburgh, . 
 
 Citizens of York, 
 
 Eraneis Sellers, Pittsburgh, for Prot. Epis. 
 
 Church, East Liberty, 
 Rev. T. B. Lyman, Pittsburgh, for Trinity Church, 
 Dr. Brietenbach, 
 
 « 
 
 « 
 
 u 
 
 <i 
 
 D. C. 
 
 St. John's Church, Washington, 
 
 Capt. Meigs, Com. Pub. Works, Washington, 
 
 Servants at Willafd's Hotel, Washington, 
 
 Thos. 0. Hills, and Wm. Leishear, Washington, " 
 
 Citizens of Cincinnati, , 
 
 Citizens of Louisville, . 
 
 Amos Wade, Newbern, . 
 
 Logan McNight, New Orleans, . 
 
 Capt. Bigelow, . 
 
 John C. Sehrt, Martinsburg, . 
 W. T. Leavitt, . 
 James B. McCarty, . 
 
 Ohio. 
 
 Kentucky. 
 
 N. Carolina. 
 
 Louisiana. 
 
 U. S. N. 
 
 Virginia. 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 73 00 
 221 50 
 111 00 
 
 50 00 
 310 00 
 
 60 00 
 30 25 
 
 215 80 
 10 00 
 20 00 
 
 234 60 
 20 00 
 
 306 25 
 
 51 51 
 24 90 
 
 5 00 
 35 00 
 10 00 
 300 00 
 40 00 
 10 00 
 63 06 
 
 Pennsylvania. 
 
 5 00 
 
 a 
 
 2,348 21 
 
 it 
 
 1,242 11 
 
 a 
 
 30 22 
 
 hurch, " 
 
 300 00 
 
 a 
 
 1 00 
 
 150 03 
 
 540 62 
 
 37 50 
 
 70 25 
 
 2,730 
 
 65 
 
 2,850 
 
 00 
 
 25 
 
 00 
 
 20 
 
 00 
 
 50 
 
 00 
 
 10 
 20 
 80 
 
 25 
 00 
 00 
 
 2,182 77 
 
 3,926 54 
 
 798 40 
 
 2,730 65 
 
 2,850 00 
 
 25 00 
 
 20 00 
 
 50 00 
 
 100 25 
 
 $12,6S3 61 
 
u 
 
 List of Provisions, Medicines, Clotliing and Supplies of every description 
 sent to Norfolk during the fever, 1855. 
 
 North Danvers, Mass. — A. Putnam, 60 pairs boys' shoes. 
 
 New York. — Turner & Brothers, 24 cases ginger wine ; Blow & March, 5 boxes 
 lemons ; a baker, name unknown, 5 barrels pilot bread ; Samuel Mil bank, 12 bar- 
 rels porter, 2 barrels crackers; Knickerbocker Ice Co., 106 tons, 13 cwt. 20 lb. ice; 
 Unknown donor, a lot of wine. 
 
 Brooklyn, N. Y.— Brooklyn Female Employment Society, 3 packages children's 
 clothing, value $300. 
 
 Perth Amboy, N. J. — Ladies of St. Peters Church, 1 package children's clothing. 
 
 Pottstown, Pa. — Ladies of, 1 package children's clothiog, 50 articles. 
 
 Norristown, Pa. — Public School, 1 package children's clothing, 50 suits. 
 
 Philadelphia. — Walnut St. Public School, 100 garments for children; Powers & 
 Weightman, 212 bottles Huxham's tine, bark, 5 oz. cit. iron, 1 bag corks; Thomas 
 Webster, Jr., Chairman of Philadelphia Belief Committee, large quantities (amount- 
 ing to thousands of dollars,) of ice cream, lemons, oranges, tea, coffee, cheese, butter, 
 lard, hams, tongues, bread, toasted bread, crackers, chickens, wine, brandy, ale, 
 guava jelly, lime juice, mineral water, mustard, clothing, blankets, shoes, mattrasses, 
 sponges, leeches, hay, medicines, chloride of lime, castile soap, bay rum, arom. 
 vinegar. 
 
 Baltimore. — P. A. Levering, Chairman of Baltimore Relief Committee, the fol- 
 lowing articles, valued about $26,000 : 10,1-50 loaves bread, 245 barrels crackers, 
 650 bags corn meal, 229 barrels flour, 100 bushels oats, 100 bushels corn, 100 bushels 
 chill feed, 30 bales hay, 275 bushels potatoes, 16 tierces rice, 58 bags and barrels 
 coffee, 35 half chests tea, 104 tierces and barrels sugar, 28 barrels molasses, 49 
 boxes cheese, 175 boxes herrings, 107 kegs butter, 123 kegs lard, 20 barrels pork, 
 52 barrels beef, 45 casks shoulders, 2 casks hams, 140 sheep, 140 doz. chickens, 
 40 doz eggs, 47 sacks salt, 86 boxes candles, 54 boxes soap, 2 casks ale, 1 qr. cask 
 wine, 8 casks porter, 20 baskets wine, 10 doz. jelly, 5 boxes each, broma and cocoa, 
 8 boxes each, chocolate and farina, 100 lbs. tapioca, 12 kegs tamarinds, 18 boxes 
 mustard, 6 boxes oranges, LI boxes lemons, 300 leeches, drugs, value $400, 10 reams 
 paper,20 bedsteads, 250 mattrasses, 250 cots, 325 pillows, 2 buggy wagons, 1 hearse, 
 260 coffins ; Marston & Bro., 1 package bed pans, mugs, &c. ; C. D. Shryock, 1 doz. 
 bottles pure lemon juice ; Mayor Hinks, 4 packages clothing for orphans ; J. D. 
 Mason & Co., 12 barrels wine biscuits ; J. Malcolm & Co., 10 bags meal ; G. W. 
 Arnold, 400 loaves bread; White & Elder, 1 chest tea; J. Parkhurst, 1 chest tea; 
 Jos. A. Tnomas, for young ladies, 1 package clothing, 70 garments, for orphans ; 
 A " Little Girl," 1 package clothing for orphans ; Unknown donor, a quantity of 
 clothing for orphans; Unknown donor, 1 barrel crackers; Unknown donor, 25 
 coffins ; Unknown donor, 2 boxes clothing for orphans; Ladies of Christ Church, 
 670 pieces clothing for orphans. 
 
 Washington. — Mrs. Almy, 1 package clothing for orphans; Geo. H. Jones, for 
 the ladies, 2 packages clothing for orphans ; -J. H. Riley, for the citizens, 1 box, 2 
 bundles clothing for orphans ; Mrs. Geo. H. Jones, 1 box clothing for orphans. 
 
 Alexandria, Va. — G. P. Wise, Mayor, 10 barrels soda biscuits, 10 barrels crackers, 
 10 barrels pilot bread, 10 boxes candles, 10 boxes soap, 20 barrels meal, 2 m. segars, 
 1 qr. cask wine, 1 qr. cask brandy. 
 
 Brandon, Va. — W. B. Harrison, at sundry times, provisions, butter, &c. 
 
 Charlestown, Va. — Isaac N. Carter, for the ladies, 1 package clothing. 
 
 Clarkesville, Va. — Citizens of, 17 barrels flour. 
 
 Clarke Co., Va. — Rev. J. D. Powell, for ladie3 and children of his Parish, 97 articles 
 children's clothing; Mrs. Rebecca Smith, 1 package clothing. 
 
 Charles City Co., Va. — West & Gatewood, 1 m. ft. plank. 
 
 Hampton, Va. — Jos. Segar, 1 barrel flour. 
 
 Jefferson Co., Va. — Selena and Hannah Williams, 1 box, 40 garments clothing for 
 the orphans. 
 
 Isle of Wight Co., Va. — Thomas, Adams & Co., for the citizens, 150 bushels meal, 
 132 hams, 8 barrels potatoes, 9 calves, 15 lambs and sheep, 163 doz. eggs, 54 lbs. 
 butter, 1 barrel flour, 29 ducks, 65 chickens, 27 geese, 10 barrels apples, 4 barrels 
 
45 
 
 < 
 
 pea nuts, 10 bushels dried apples, 5 baskets tomatoes, a lot of fruit, vegetables &c; 
 Mr. James Scott, 1 box clothing; Woinble & Wilson, 1 box containing 30 pieces 
 bacon. 
 
 King and Queen Co., Va. — Alex. Fleet, for the citizens, 110 bushels meal, 5 bar- 
 rels flour, 13 bushels corn, 27 sheep, 9 calves, 11 pigs, 20 doz. chickens, 12 doz. 
 eggs. 
 
 Lynchburg, "Va. — Ladies of 2nd. Presbyterian Church, 1 box clothing. 
 
 Petersburg, Va. — The citizens of Petersburg, crackers, bread, bacon, rice, chick- 
 ens, <fcc, value $540 26; A lady, 1 package clothing; Bragg & Son, 2 boxes 
 bread, 3 barrels crackers; H. C. Hardy, for a «' few ladies," 3 boxes clothing. 
 
 Norfolk, Va. — Geo. Reid, 20 bushels meal. 
 
 Prince Edward Co., Va. — Unknown, 15 chickens. 
 
 Richmond, Va. — Clover Hill Coal Company, 2205 bushels coal; John Clenden- 
 Ding, 1 cask porter; C. W. Harwood, 1 barrel soda crackers; J. P. Ballard, 1 
 horse ; Thos. Dodaraead, for the citizens, 5 gallons brandy, 5 gallons port wine, 1 
 box lemons, 2 barrels bread, 2 horses, 2 casks porter, 24 barrels crackers, coffins, 
 50 bushels oats, 5 bales hay, 24 bales oats. 
 
 Sussex Co., Va. — A. Aldridge, lot of flour, meal, bacon, corn, chickens. 
 
 Southampton Co., Va. — J. Putlow, for the citizens, chickens, eggs, value $40 ; 
 James Mygett, 28 bushels meal, 1 barrel vinegar. 
 
 Portsmouth, Va. — Seaboard & Roanoke Railroad Co., 900 lbs. bacon. 
 
 Botetourt Co., Va. — Winston & Powers, for citizens, 3 barrels flour, 3 barrels meal ; 
 Thos. Dodamead, for unknown donor, 2 barrels flour. 
 
 Gordansville, Va. — Mrs. Dr. Beale, 1 box clothing. 
 
 Plymouth, N. C. — Jos. Ramsay, 50 bushels meal; a citizen, provisions, valued at 
 $45 94. 
 
 Margarettsville, N. C. — Genl. W.H. Whitehead, 20 bushels meal, 75 cords wood. 
 
 Edenton. N. C. — B. W. Hathaway, 19 bags, and 14 barrels meal. 
 
 Wilmington, N. C. — Citizens of, 2 casks rice. 
 
 Warren Co., N. C. — Young Ladies of Collegiate Institute, 1 box candy, 54 gar- 
 ments for orphans. 
 
 Wake Co., N. C— Major W. F. Collins, 1 barrel flour ; Revd. G-. W. Thompson, 7 
 sacks flour. 
 
 Perquimons Co., N. C. — M. O. Jordan, for citizens, 42 bags meal. 
 
 Graham, N. C. — P. R. Harden, for citizens, 11 barrels, and 6 bags flour. 
 
 Lewisburg, N. C. — Joel Thomas, for citizens, 22 barrels flour. 
 
 Franklin Co., N. C. — Joel Thomas for citizens, 12 barrels flour. 
 
 Murfreesboro, N. C. — Mrs. Worthington, a lot of preserves ; J. W. Harrell, for 
 citizens, 100 bushels meal, 279 chickens, 75 hams. 
 
 Northampton, Co., N. C. — Dr. Wm. Collins, for citizens 5 lot of meal, box provi- 
 sions, box chickens. 
 
 Charleston, S. C. — G. N. Coffin, for Hebrew Ladies, 1 box containing clothing 
 for orphans ; Wm- C. Gatewood, 1 barrel limes. 
 
 Lexington, Ky. — Lexington Mustard Company, packages of mustard. 
 
 Gosport. — U. S. Navy Yard, coffins. 
 
THE PROCEEDINGS OE A MEETING HELD 
 
 BY THE PHYSICIANS OF NORFOLK. 
 
 At a meeting of the Medical Faculty of the City of Norfolk, held on tha 
 evening of the 9th of April, 1856, at the Hall of the Aid Fire Company, 
 on motion of Dr. R. B. Tunstall, Dr. D. M. Wright was called to the Chair, 
 and Dr. E. D. Granier was appointed Secretary. 
 
 The Chairman then explained the object of the meeting in the follow- 
 ing appropriate and touching remarks, a copy of which he kindly con- 
 sented to give to the Secretary for publication, at the solicitation of all 
 present : — 
 
 lam deeply sensible of the honor conferred upon me, in being called 
 to preside over your deliberations on an. occasion of such melancholy in- 
 terest. 
 
 We have assembled, gentlemen, to commemorate the noble deeds, and 
 pay a tribute of respect to the memory of those fearless and faithful 
 spirits, who, sacrificing themselves on the altar of duty, fell nobly battling 
 in the cause of humanity. Generous and faithful custodians of the public 
 health, when the shrieks and dying groans in our sister city announced 
 the close approach of the invisible foe ; whilst with wise precaution and 
 sagacious foresight they admonished all who could to fly, themselves 
 stood firm and steadfast at their post. > 
 
 Soon the voice of the gallant Upshur is heard, proclaiming the 
 enemy on our shore, and the deadly conflict begun. 
 
 The insatiate Archer, as if vengeful of the efforts made by our skillful 
 and heroic friends to arrest his fatal progress, with partial aim directed 
 his poisoned shafts against the ranks of our profession. Swift the fatal 
 arrow sped, and one by one in rapid succession those dauntless heroes 
 fell. 
 
 Amongst the earliest victims of the dread Destroyer, was the venerable 
 Sylvester. Prudent, sagacious, and eminently practical, a discerning 
 public had justly placed him in the front ranks of his profession. 
 
 He was quickly followed by his son, Dr. Richard Sylvester, a young 
 gentleman of amiable disposition and fine attainments. He had but re- 
 cently entered upon the stern and arduous duties of his profession, but 
 his zeal and industry, with his superior natural abilities, gave promise of 
 much future usefulness. 
 
 Him, next follows the brave Constable, than whom none contended 
 with the enemy more manfully, or met death with greater philosophic 
 calmness. 
 
 The kind and gentle IIalson next falls. Pure in sentiment, cultivated 
 in taste, with a mind enriched by years of study and contemplation, he 
 was at once an honor to the profession, and an ornament to society. 
 (46) 
 
47 
 
 The intelligence of the death of the indefatigable Hjggins is next re- 
 ceived. Stem and resolute, yet kind and sympathetic, he seemed the man 
 for the occasion, but the rugged oak is oft the first to yield to the furious 
 storm. 
 
 Nor the vigor of youth, nor the maturity of manhood proved a barrier 
 to the Parthian arrows of the Destroyer, and soon the youthful Briggs is 
 numbered with the dead. They snapped the silken cords which else had 
 drawn him to other and far happier scenes, and he yielded his life to a 
 stern and manly sense of duty. 
 
 A few days only elapse, and again we are called to mourn the loss of 
 another valued member of our fraternity. The death of Dr. Richard 
 Tunstall filled every breast with profoundest grief. The duties which 
 he had assumed, required not only a thorough and practical knowledge 
 of his profession, but a degree of caution and assiduity which but few 
 possess. Faithfully he discharged those duties, till exhausted by his in- 
 cessant labors, he fell an easy victim of the disease. 
 
 The ranks of the profession had now been thinned by disease and death 
 to less than one fourth of their original number. Still the pestilence 
 raged with unabated fury. The Angel of Death still hovers over our de- 
 voted city, other victims are demanded, and he who first proclaimed the 
 enemy's approach, he who battled so manfully, so successfully, and for a 
 time single-handed — he, the gifted, gallant Upshur, falls. 
 
 Scarcely had the public mind recovered from the shock which the death 
 of one so admired, so beloved had occasioned, when again the fountains 
 of grief are burst asunder by the overwhelming intelligence of the death 
 of Dr. Henry Selden. 
 
 Though comparatively a young man, Dr. Henry Selden had already 
 acquired much professional distinction. Thoroughly educated, with a 
 mind peculiarly adapted to his profession, with all those high moral 
 qualities which command respect and secure esteem, and with manners 
 peculiarly bland and attractive, it were difficult to imagine that such an 
 one could fall short of eminence. In his death science mourns the loss 
 of one of her most gifted and promising sons. 
 
 Such, gentlemen, is the lengthened list of those whose sad fate we are 
 called on to deplore. 
 
 The heart swells with pride at the contemplation of their heroic con- 
 duct, and the annals of our profession will be enriched by a record of 
 their names and "their deeds. 
 
 But, gentlemen, whilst we mourn the loss of those whom a personal 
 acquaintance, and long professional intercourse had endeared to us, we 
 are not unmindful of those noble strangers, who in the hour of need, when 
 the cry of distress was borne on every breeze, with a generous sympathy 
 above all praise came promptly to our relief, and sacrificed their lives in 
 their noble efforts to alleviate the sufferings of the afflicted. 
 
 A tear to their memory. Long, long will it remain embalmed in the 
 hearts of a grateful community. 
 
 On motion of Dr. Moore, it was resolved that a committee of seven be 
 appointed by the Chair to draft preamble and resolutions for the consi- 
 deration of the meeting. The following gentlemen were appointed by 
 the Chair, Drs. Moore, Selden, Cowdery, Tunstall, Campbell, Holmes and 
 Marsh, who after a short recess reported the following preamble and re- 
 solutions, which were unanimously adopted : — 
 
 Whereas it has pleased Almighty God, in his wisdom, to remove from 
 among us a number of our professional brethren, in the midst of their 
 usefulness, and while in the active discharge of duties of the most exalted 
 and responsible character, displaying a heroism such as in no age or 
 
48 
 
 country has ever been surpassed, if equalled; and as it is at all times 
 proper to commemorate noble deeds whenever and wherever seen; and 
 as a moral courage, a humane, charitable, disinterested and self-sacrificing 
 spirit was displayed by our lamented professional brethren in the most 
 appalling pestilence which history records, this conduct on their part 
 being to us a just cause of professional pride; — and whereas the labor 
 and exertions imposed upon them was an appeal to the profession 
 throughout the country for assistance, which was cheerfully and heroically 
 responded to by our professional brethren from- abroad, who, losing sight 
 of themselves in the distress which surrounded us, came to us in our 
 time of need and devoted themselves at the peril of their lives to the great 
 work of relieving and of ministering to the sick ; Therefore, be it 
 
 Resolved, That while we bow in humble submission to the will of Him 
 in whose hands are the issues of life and death — we lament and mourn 
 with unfeigned sorrow, the loss to us and the country of some of the 
 brightest ornaments our profession claimed, and that we will cherish the 
 memory of Sylvester, Higgins, Halson, Selden, Upshur. Constable, Tuns- 
 tall and Briggs of our own Physicians with feelings of professional pride, 
 as well as the memory of Gebhart, Gooch, Thompson, Craycroft, Fliess, 
 Booth, Howe, McDowell, Kierson, Blow, Handy, Smith, Jackson, De 
 Berche, Schell, Obermuller, Berry, Dillard, Capry, and Schissinger, those 
 noble spirits, who came to our assistance from abroad. 
 
 Resolved, That we will wear the usual badge of mourning for the 
 period of thirty days, as a token of respect and affection for those of our 
 profession who have fallen in the late epidemic. 
 
 Resolved, That a committee of three be appointed to wait upon the 
 committee appointed by our fellow- citizens to have a monument erected 
 to the memory of the Physicians, Ministers, Apothecaries, Nurses and 
 others who fell in the late epidemic, and request that the monument be 
 erected in or near some public thoroughfare, that it may be seen by- us in 
 our every day walks and by those who visit us, and that it may serve to 
 keep in our minds their noble deeds and thereby stimulate us to emulate 
 them. 
 
 Resolved, That we hereby offer our sincere and heartfelt sympathies 
 to the families of those of our own and visiting Physicians who fell 
 martyrs in the cause of humanity, and pray that He who " tempers the 
 wind to the shorn lamb " will comfort them in their affliction with that 
 comfort which He alone can give. 
 
 Resolved, That the Secretary of this meeting be requested to furnish 
 the families of those Physicians who fell in the late epidemic wth a copy 
 of these resolutions with such remarks as he may deem proper. 
 
 On motion of Dr. Tunstall the following resolution was adopted: — 
 
 Resolved, That our City Councils be and are hereby requested to vote 
 some testimonial or token to those Physicians, Apothecaries, Nurses and 
 others who visited us and gave us their services in the recent epidemic, 
 and whose lives were spared as an acknowledgment of their valuable ser- 
 vices and heroic conduct. 
 
 Resolved, That the thanks of this meeting be tendered to the Chairman 
 and Secretary. 
 
 Resolved, That the thanks of this meeting be tendered to the Aid Fire 
 Company for the use of their Hall. 
 
 Resolved, That the city papers be requested to publish the proceedings 
 of this meeting. D. M. WRIGHT, M. D., 
 
 E. D. Granier, M. D., Secretary. Chairman. 
 
DR. FEMER'S REPORT ON THE HOSPITAL. 
 
 Norfolk, Va., Sept. 14, 1855. 
 
 Mr. W. B. Ferguson, President Howard Association, 
 
 Dr. W. J. Moore, President Board of Health, 
 
 Mr. A. B. Cooke, Assistant to the Mayor of Norfolk. 
 
 Gentlemen : 
 
 Being about to depart from your afflicted city, I beg leave before going 
 to surrender the trust you have confided to me in connection with my 
 friend, Dr. Cornelius Beard, of New Orleans. It will be recollected that 
 on the 27th of August last, Dr. B. and myself were invited to attend a 
 joint meeting of your respective bodies, which was called for the purpose 
 of taking into consideration the sanitary condition of your city, and the 
 best means of affording relief to its plague-stricken inhabitants. It was 
 resolved to establish a hospital in a central part of the city, for the re- 
 ception of such persons of all classes as could not properly be attended 
 to at their homes, and a committee was appointed to carry this resolution 
 into effect as speedily as possible. Dr. B. and myself were requested to 
 co-operate with that committee in the selection of a suitable building for a 
 hospital, and to give directions for its organization, and to take charge of 
 its medical management. These duties have been performed to the best 
 of our abilities, and you now have in the heart of your city a hospital 
 completely equipped, that will compare favorably, in respect to comfort 
 and medical attendance, with any in the country. As Dr. Beard was com- 
 pelled to leave you a short time since, it devolves upon me to lay before 
 you a report on the medical management of that institution up to the 
 present time. 
 
 The new Howard Infirmary was opened for the reception of patients 
 on the 29th of August, and 15 were admitted the first day. Erom that 
 time up to 14th September there have been admitted 
 
 Whites, .... 143 
 
 Colored, .... 50 
 
 193 
 
 Discharged, .... 78 
 
 Died, White, .... 66 
 
 Colored, .... 3 
 
 69 
 
 147 
 
 Remaining at this date, 
 
 White, .... 31 
 
 Colored, .... 15 
 
 46 _ 
 
 The rate of mortality has been only 35| per cent., or about one in five 
 4 (49) 
 
50 
 
 of the admissions, and will compare most favorably with that attained by 
 any hospital in the world in Yellow Fever Epidemics. You will thus ob- 
 serve that your new infirmary, so hastily gotten up and put in operation, 
 has produced the most gratifying result. It is proper for me to state that 
 very soon after the infirmary was opened, there arrived in your city ex- 
 perienced and skillful physicians from cities where yellow fever frequently 
 prevails, to whom wards were given as fast as they were fitted up, with 
 unlimited control of the same. The gentlemen who first entered on duty 
 were Dr. Reed, of Savannah, Dr. Huger, of Charleston, and Dr. Camp- 
 bell, of New Orleans ; but the latter having asked to be relieved, on ac- 
 count of pressing engagements outside, his wards were assigned to Dr. 
 R. Miller, of Mobile. Dr. Huger has since left, and his wards have been 
 given to Dr. Skrine, of Charleston. The only ward reserved to myself 
 were some in the 4th story and the negro department, in the attendance 
 upon which I have been ably assisted by my young friend, Dr. Bignon, of 
 Augusta, Ga. It will thus appear that you are chiefly indebted to the 
 above named gentlemen for the gratifying results of your infirmary. 
 
 I cannot omit this occasion to mention the important services that have 
 been rendered in the internal affairs of the hospital by Dr. Charles 
 Robertson, late of the British Navy in the West Indies, Mr. Henry Myers, 
 of Richmond, and a number of medical students, whose names I cannot 
 recall. Such, gentlemen, is a crude and hasty report of the noble insti- 
 tution which, in the day of calamity, was called into existence by your 
 fiat. 
 
 To-morrow I return to my home in the distant south, where long since 
 I have learned "to feel another's woe." In taking leave, I beg to assure 
 you that amid all the scenes of sorrow and pain I have witnessed in your 
 devoted city, I have ever found a solace in the urbanity of your resident 
 physicians, the gratitude invariably displayed by the sufferers of the epi- 
 demic, and the pleasing companionship of all your fellow citizens with 
 whom I have become acquainted. I have the honor to be, with high regard, 
 
 Your obedient servant, 
 [Signed.] E. D. FENNER, M. D. 
 
CORRESPONDENCE WITH PHYSICIANS. 
 
 The following letter was addressed to each of the volunteer physicians; 
 and we take pleasure in publishing their respective replies. 
 
 Office of Howard Association, ) 
 Norfolk, May 25th; 1856. J 
 
 My Dear Sir : — At a recent meeting of the members of the Howard As- 
 sociation, a resolution was adopted and a committee appointed, consisting 
 of A. B. Cooke, R. W. Bowden, James G. Pollard, Geo. R. Drummond, and 
 Solomon Cherry, to procure Gold Medals, with suitable devices, to be pre- 
 sented to the volunteer physicians who came to our relief during the 
 terrible pestilence of 1855. 
 
 It is my pleasing duty as the organ of the Association, to present the 
 accompanying Medal. 
 
 It is a slight testimonial of our esteem for the invaluable services 
 rendered by you. 
 
 The designs are taken from the Holy Scriptures, and are appropriate 
 to the occasion. " Faith, Hope, and Charity " on one side, and the " Good 
 Samaritan " on the other. 
 
 This will doubtless awaken painful emotions: but will at the same time 
 enkindle pleasing recollections. The noble bearing of the medical fra- 
 ternity throughout those trying times, is worthy of the highest com- 
 mendation. It extorts from a selfish and too often ungrateful world, a 
 meed of praise. The occasion brought together congenial spirits from 
 various parts of our country, actuated by the same noble impulses, who 
 met as strangers ; but parted friends. Being engaged in the same holy 
 calling, attachments were formed which will be as lasting as life. 
 
 I need not remind you of the dangers you encountered. The melan- ** 
 choly fate of so many brave volunteers fully attests that fact. In vain 
 will you search the pages of modern history for a parallel. Never was 
 greater heroism displayed, or truer philanthropy manifested. With none 
 of the "pride, pomp and circumstance of war" to stimulate and excite 
 to deeds of noble daring, you unflinchingly met a foe, more insidious, 
 more dangerous, more fatal, than is recorded of the most sanguinary 
 battle field. 
 
 It is not my intention to flatter, and I but give expression to senti- 
 ments which are universal, when I say, you and your noble compeers 
 have conferred honor on your profession, and won for yourselves imperish- 
 able renown. 
 
 I hope this Medal will be received with as much pleasure as it is given. 
 
 Allow me in behalf of those I represent, as well as for myself, to ex- 
 press our best wishes for your health, happiness and prosperity. 
 
 I have the honor to be, with much respect and esteem, 
 
 Your obedient servant, SOLOMON CHERRY, Cor. Sec. 
 
 (51) 
 
52 
 
 New Orleans, July 7th, 1856. 
 Solomon Cherry, Esq. 
 
 Dear Sir : — I have received from you as corresponding secretary of 
 the Howard Association of Norfolk your letter of May 25th, with the ac- 
 companying gold medal, presented to me as one of the volunteer physi- 
 cians in the epidemic of 1855. I thank you personally for the tone of 
 your sentiments, and am proud of the opportunity that enabled me to 
 Berve you as one of a profession devoted to the study and relief of human 
 maladies under all hazards and sacrifices. I honor you for this enduring 
 testimonial, and am happy to express my unqualified approbation of the 
 spirit and mode in which it has been conceived and executed. 
 
 With respect and esteem, yours, WARREN STONE. 
 
 New Orleans, June 14, 1856. 
 
 My Dear Sir: — I have to acknowledge receipt of your kind favors of 
 the 28th and 25th ultimo, the former accompanied by five Gold Medals, 
 presented by the Howard Association of Norfolk, to Drs. Thos. Peniston, 
 W. Stone, McFarlane, C. Beard, and myself, as tokens of gratitude on 
 the part of that Association for services rendered by us to the citizens 
 of Norfolk, during the terrible pestilence which recently swept over that 
 devoted city. I shall ever preserve this medal as a memento of harrow- 
 ing scenes of distress, and of the chivalric bearing of the profession to 
 which I have the honor to belong, when contending with " the pestilence 
 that walketh in darkness and destroyeth at noonday." 
 
 If I should ever visit Norfolk again, I hope I shall have the pleasure of 
 seeing a suitable monument erected to your own medical heroes who so 
 nobly fell in that dreadful conflict with the unseen enemy. 
 
 Your honorable and benevolent Association may rest assured that on 
 my part, this medal is " received with as much pleasure as it is given " 
 "by you. 
 
 Thanking you for the kind and flattering expressions with which you 
 have conveyed this testimonial of gratitude, and hoping that your city 
 may never again be visited by such a pestilence as that of 1855, I have 
 the honor to subscribe myself, Your friend, &c, E. D. TENNER. 
 
 To Solomon Cherry, Cor. Sec. of Howard Association of Norfolk, Va. 
 
 New Orleans, July 9th, 1856. 
 
 Mr. Solomon Cherry, Cor. Sec. of Howard Association of Norfolk, Va. 
 
 My Dear Sir: — I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your 
 communication of the 25th of May ult., and the accompanying gold medal. 
 Receive my thanks for these marks of the consideration of the distin- 
 guished society which you represent, and believe me they are accepted 
 in the same spirit in which they are given. 
 
 I remain, dear sir, with much respect, 
 
 Your obedient servant, C. BEARD. 
 
 New Orleans, June 22d, 1856. 
 
 Messrs. A. B. Cooke, R. W. Bowden, James G. .Pollard, George R» 
 
 Drummond, and Solomon Cherry, Committee. 
 
 Gentlemen: — The beautiful medal, together with the very flattering 
 appreciation of my feeble services in behalf of the sick during the preva 
 lence of the fever in your city last summer, has been duly received. 
 
53 
 
 Such testimonials of esteem from the noble Association whose 'inde- 
 fatigable exertions accomplished so much good on that trying occasion, 
 and without which the best directed medical attendance could have been 
 but of little avail, cannot but be highly agreeable to those who are the re- 
 cipients. 
 
 While returning you, in the name of my profession, my unfeigned 
 thanks for the same, allow me, through you, to acknowledge my indebted- 
 ness personally to the citizens of Norfolk, for the many marks of attention 
 and regard shown me, both during and since my short residence among 
 them. Hoping that you may never again suffer a like affliction, I remain, 
 gentlemen, with many kind wishes for your prosperity and happiness in- 
 dividually, Very sincerely your friend, and obedient servant, 
 
 THOS. PENISTON, M. D. 
 
 New Orleans, June 26th, 1856. 
 
 Dear Str: — On my return home yesterday, after an absence of several 
 weeks from the city, I received your kind letter, dated 25th of May, in- 
 forming me, in behalf of the Howard Association of Norfolk, of the 
 adoption of a resolution by them to present gold medals to the volunteer 
 physicians who visited your city during the epidemic of 1855 ; at the same 
 time. I received, through Adams' Express, the medal awarded to me by 
 the Association. I accept, with feelings of gratification, this compli- 
 mentary token of appreciation of my services. 
 
 When I learned that yellow fever had become epidemic in Norfolk, and 
 that the number of cases was so great as to render it impossible for the 
 resident physicians there to attend to all, I felt that philanthropy de- 
 manded assistance from the medical profession abroad; and to the profes- 
 sion.in southern cities, where this terrible disease so often prevails ; where 
 physicians have opportunities, not elsewhere afforded, of becoming fa- 
 miliar with its character and the best manner of treating it, and where, 
 by acclimation they acquire immunity from the disease, and can, there- 
 fore, with greater confidence, meet and combat this dread enemy of man 
 — to these physicians it seemed to me, that this demand was most impera- 
 tively addressed. 
 
 I felt, therefore, that as I had seen much of yellow fever, had once had 
 an attack of the disease, and being on a short sojourn in the neighboring 
 city of Baltimore, I would be recreant to the highest and holiest duty of 
 a physician, a Christian and philanthropist, if I refused to obey this de- 
 mand, to visit your afflicted city and contribute my efforts, however feeble, 
 to the relief of sufferers from the pestilence. 
 
 I went, actuated only by charity, I expected and desired no other reward 
 but the pleasing consciousness of having discharged my duty, and there 
 are, I doubt not, persons now in Norfolk and also at Point Washington 
 who know that I refused pecuniary compensation when generously offered 
 by individuals whom I attended. 
 
 Be pleased, dear sir, to present to the Howard Association my best 
 wishes for success in their noble cause, and accept for yourself the as- 
 surance of my sincere regard. WM. P. WILLIAMS, M. D. 
 
 To Solomon Cherry, Esq., Cor. Sec, Howard Association, Norfolk, Va. 
 
 New Orleans, June 28th, 1856. 
 Respected Sir: — I have received through your kind interventions 
 beautiful and valuable gold medal, adorned with chaste and descriptive 
 devices, from the Howard Association of Norfolk, Virginia. 
 
54' 
 
 Viewing this precious and interesting memento as an acknowledgment 
 of services rendered during the melancholy visitation which desolated your 
 refined and hospitable city, I feel sensibly how little I merit such a dis- 
 tinguished mark of approbation. 
 
 I arrived in Norfolk at a late period of the epidemic, and found the 
 field occupied by the generous and devoted spirits who had hurried thither 
 from almost every quarter of the United States ; and comparing my im- 
 perfect desire to be useful with the constant, untiring, laborious, devoted 
 and successful exertions of Drs. Ravenel, Huger, and others, of Charles- 
 ton, Drs. Reed, Dunn, and Donaldson, of Savannah, Dr. Miller, of Mobile, 
 and the host of medical philanthropists and kindred spirits in every de- 
 partment from other States and cities, my feeble and imperfect services 
 shrink into insignificance; and the only consolation left me is the reflection 
 that our objects and motives were the same, " to stay, so far as human 
 means were adequate, the ravages of the disease, to bind up the broken 
 hearted, and comfort those that mourned/' 
 
 It would seem that from the most dire calamities which can afflict our 
 species, some gleam of consolation can still be extracted. 
 
 The epidemics of recent years have developed a new and holy principle 
 in the human heart — one, I am proud to say, peculiar to our own age and 
 country. 
 
 In all former ages, and in every other country where a desolating epi- 
 demic prevailed, " Save himself who can," has been the cry, and all who 
 could have made their escape; but it has been reserved for our age and 
 country, on the announcement of a deadly pestilence in a distant city, to 
 see hundreds hurrying to the seat of desolation, to encourage and inspire 
 the despondent, and alleviate the sufferings of the afflicted. 
 
 With such examples of disinterested benevolence before us, may we not 
 be permitted to feel a glow of honest pride in our country, which has 
 initiated such a divine system ; and with such exhibitions of individual 
 devotion and benevolence, may we not be indulged in feelings of admira- 
 tion of our race ? True it is, these examples of devotion and benevolence 
 have so far been principally confined to the southern portions of our 
 country, but how long will it be before the destroying angel shall flap his 
 sable wings over the north ? 
 
 The extraordinary movements of yellow fever, for the last few years, 
 have awakened a feeling of the most profound solicitude on this subject. 
 In former years yellow fever prevailed as far north as Canada ; and New 
 York and Philadelphia were not unfrequently the victims of its deadly 
 ravages ; but for the last thirty or forty years it has gradually receded 
 from the scenes of its former visitations, and has steadily approached the 
 tropical latitudes, until a few years since, when Rio Janeiro was over- 
 whelmed and almost depopulated by its new and tremendous ravages. 
 
 Mankind then, while sympathising with her afflicted inhabitants, flat- 
 tered themselves that it had at length found a congenial and intertropical 
 home, and that it had left our northern regions forever. But alas for the 
 imperfection of human calculation ! from that very period the fearful dis- 
 ease began to regurgitat^, and is now as steadily and implacably travel- 
 ling northward as it formerly did in an opposite direction. 
 
 Will not the day soon arrive when the puissant and overbearing north 
 will call on the maligned and injured south for succor? 
 
 Boston, New York and Philadelphia are mighty cities, and their pros- 
 perity has inflated them with pride and arrogance ; but should the divine 
 edict go forth, should the pestilence which walketh in darkness overtake 
 them, will physicians conversant with the disease, and nurses thoroughly 
 instructed as to the proper management of the dire malady, take their 
 
55 
 
 lives in their hands and hasten from the south to the relief of tho.;e who 
 have been so long toiling for the overthrow of our institutions, and pre- 
 dicting our ruin? or will the boasted power of these mighty metropolises 
 be annihilated, and their astounded inhabitants be scattered as with the 
 besom of destruction? 
 
 These are questions which time alone can answer, but they may con- 
 tribute in their sphere to demonstrate the propriety of cultivating peace, 
 good-will and nnion between the various portions of our country. 
 
 In relation to your own inestimable services in Norfolk, gentlemen, 
 permit me to remark, that language fails me to express my admiration of 
 the heroic devotion which stimulated you to seek out and relieve the 
 stricken sons and daughters of affliction, at the imminent peril of your 
 own lives: nor does it detract from the merit of your noble deeds, that 
 they were performed in behalf of your friends, neighbors, and fellow-citi- 
 zens ; for of all the unnatural acts which blacken the melancholy records 
 of pestilence, none stands so conspicuously pre-eminent as the inhuman 
 system of non-intercourse between the sick and well (the deadly fruit of 
 the Upas tree of contagion). But you, gentlemen, casting behind at the 
 same time the traditionary speculations of bigoted old fogyism — conta- 
 gion — as well as the fear of death, and animated only by the holy inspi- 
 rations of philanthropy, dedicated yourselves day and night to the miti- 
 gation of human misery and the preservation of human life. 
 
 Yellow fever is formidable in an exactly reverse ratio to its frequency, 
 and while those delegations who went to Norfolk from quarters periodi- 
 cally visited by yellow fever, are entitled to all honor for their humanity 
 and benevolence in leaving their homes to contribute to the welfare of 
 your citizens, yet they did so in comparative security, not being liable 
 to the disease. But you, gentlemen of the Howard Association of Norfolk, 
 rendered your aid at the imminent peril of your lives, for you were all 
 liable at any moment to be swept away by the dread pestilence which you 
 were combating. May your glorious deeds be appreciated and rewarded ! 
 
 Indeed, you may be said to have already received that portion of your 
 reward which is said to be inseparable from virtuous actions, for exclusive 
 of the meed of universal approbation, and the fiat, " Well done good and 
 faithful public servants, "you have by your very heroism, rendered yourselves 
 secure from danger hereafter, for as genuine yellow fever never assails the 
 same individual again, should you ever be again called upon to minister 
 to the sick and suffering under similar circumstances, you can do so with 
 a feeling of perfect impunity. 
 
 For the voluntary testimonial which you have so kindly bestowed upon 
 me, I regard it, and shall preserve it, less as an indication of my de- 
 merits than of your generosity — as a pleasing but melancholy memento 
 of the circumstances which brought me into contact with a band of pure 
 philanthropists — and as a stimulus to the future performance of the duties 
 of humanity. 
 
 With feelings of the most sincere regard, I remain, sir, 
 
 Yours, respectfully, J. S. McFARLANE. 
 
 To Solomon Cherry, Esq., Cor. Sec. of the Norfolk Howard Association. 
 
 Savannah, June 19th, 1856. 
 Solomon Cherry, Esq. 
 
 Dear Sir : — The medals forwarded by you from the Howard Association 
 of Norfolk have been received. We feel gratified with this testimonial, 
 for it is pleasing to know that our efforts to aid fellow-beings in distress 
 have been appreciated. Be assured that the medals will be cherished by 
 
56 
 
 us as mementoes of our connection with you, in contending with the 
 dreadful pestilence that ravaged your fair city last summer. Trusting 
 that your city will be spared from such terrible dispensations of the divine 
 will, We remain yours truly, 
 
 JAMES B. READ, M. D., 
 THOS. J. CHARLTON, M. D., 
 J. T. McFARLAND, 
 R. J. NUNN, M. D. 
 
 Savannah, Ga., June 13th, 1856. 
 Solomon Cherry, Esq., Cor. Sec. Howard Association, Norfolk, Va. 
 
 My Dear Sir : — Your favor of the 25th May, accompanying medal from 
 the Howard Association of Norfolk, for my son, Dr. James E Godfrey, 
 was received a few days since. My son being absent in Europe for the 
 purpose of prosecuting the study of his profession, I take this occasion 
 to acknowledge the receipt of the medal and your kind favor, and in his 
 behalf return my sincere thanks to the Association of which you are the 
 Corresponding Secretary, for this mark of respect for him, and apprecia- 
 tion of his services to the afflicted citizens of Norfolk during the preva- 
 lence of the unprecedented scourge visited upon them during the last 
 summer. 
 
 He yielded to the promptings of a generous nature in offering his ser- 
 vices to the citizens of Norfolk at that time ; and having passed through 
 a similar visitation at his own home the season previous, was prepared to 
 sympathise with your people under like circumstances. Be assured, my 
 dear sir, the consciousness of having ministered to his suffering country- 
 men, and the hope that his efforts in their behalf were not altogether fruit- 
 less, was ample reward for the risk he ran and the labor he underwent. 
 
 This beautiful, tasteful, and altogether appropriate memento of the As- 
 sociation to him, will always be regarded and cherished with the warmest 
 gratitude of his heart. Be kind enough to assure your noble Association 
 of his sincere appreciation of this act of their kindness to him, and ac- 
 cept for yourself his warmest thanks personally for the kind manner in 
 which it has been delivered. 
 
 Hoping your people may ever be spared such another calamity, and 
 that they may enjoy uninterrupted health and happiness, 
 
 I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, 
 
 JAS. E. GODFREY, SR. 
 
 Augusta, Ga. June 4th, 1856. 
 Mr. Solomon Cherry, Cor. Sec. Howard Association, Norfolk, Va. 
 
 My Dear Sir: — It affords me much pleasure to acknowledge the re- 
 ceipt of your kind favor of the 25th May, accompanied by a beautiful 
 gold medal, presented through you by the Howard Association of Norfolk, 
 Va. I return you, sir, and through you the Howard Association, my sin- 
 cere and heartfelt thanks, for the very kind and flattering manner in 
 which you have been pleased to notice my feeble services during my stay 
 in Norfolk, and now, sir, allow me to express my best wishes for the health 
 and prosperity of your beautiful city ; may many years elapse ere it is 
 again visited by so terrible a pestilence as that of 1855. 
 
 I have the honor to be, with much respect and esteem, 
 
 Your obedient servant, A. F. BIGNON, M. D. 
 
57 
 
 Charleston, June 5th, 1856. 
 
 My Dear Sir: — I received yesterday the medal presented to me by the 
 Howard Association of Norfolk, and the very handsome letter, in which 
 you communicate to me the act of the Association. 
 
 This recognition of the services which we were enabled to render to the 
 sufferers of your city is, of course, most gratifying to the feelings of all 
 who receive it. For myself, I have to tender my most respectful thanks 
 to the Howard Association for this testimonial of esteem, and to yourself, 
 sir, for the very flattering terms in which you have expressed their senti- 
 ments. I am, sir, very respectfully, ST. JULIAN RAVENEL. 
 
 Solomon Cherry, Esq., Cor. Sec, Howard Association. 
 
 Charleston, S. C, June 3rd, 1856. 
 
 My Dear Sir: — I have the honor to acknowledge your letter of the 
 25th May, and to express to you the very deep impression made on my 
 mind by the "action" of the Howard Association. That beautiful medal, 
 presented in your behalf, by our Mr. Ravenel, should be my incentive 
 and my reward in other trials. And let me ask you to be assured, that 
 it is received, as it is offered, in a spirit of fraternal sympathy, with re- 
 collections which time will not obliterate ; that it will be cherished as a pre- 
 cious gift, warm from the hearts of those, with whom it was our privilege 
 to suffer! and as a touching and approving "testimonial," from men 
 bravely and piously associated together, for the highest purposes that 
 "humanity" can dictate. 
 
 My poor services have been estimated far beyond their value, but I am 
 quite certain that my colleagues would again beckon me to your side in 
 any future trouble, and that we would endeavour to deserve the com- 
 mendation you have so generously bestowed. 
 
 I have the honor to be, your obedient servant, W. H. HUGER, M. D. 
 
 To Solomon Cherry, Esq., Howard Association, Norfolk. 
 
 Charleston, June 14th. 
 
 Dear Sir: — I much regret that absence and ill health has prevented 
 me from an earlier acknowledgment of your favor of the 25th ult, re- 
 ce ved through the hands of Mr. Ravenel of this city, to whom it was en- 
 trusted for delivery. 
 
 You will be kind enough to tender my acknowledgments to the gen- 
 tlemen whom you represent, for the handsome testimonial accompanying 
 the above, and will receive my thanks for the very flattering manner in 
 which you have been pleased to refer to the circumstances eliciting them. 
 
 A simple act of duty prompted by their necessities, and the call which 
 reached us from a suffering and afflicted neighbor, renders superfluous 
 any other construction, than that implied by a natural response, and is 
 amply compensated by the pleasure arising from the discharge of a com- 
 mon obligation, as morally imperative as I would believe it to be both 
 generally acknowledged and conceded. 
 
 While regretting its necessity, I am happy in the opportunity which 
 presented of serving you, and sincerely hope, that from the hearts of your 
 afflicted people the veil of sorrow may soon be lifted up, and the past sad 
 and eventful epoch in the history of your city remain a solitary exception 
 to that of its future health and prosperity. 
 
 I cordially reciprocrate with you and each member of the Association 
 in the kindly sentiments expressed, and in the hope of renewing under 
 
58 
 
 more favourable auspices an acquaintance, however sad, not unmingled 
 by agreeable associations, beg leave to subscribe myself with much re- 
 spect and esteem, Yours truly, T. CAMPBELL SERINE, M. D. 
 
 To Solomon Cherry, Esq., Cor. Sec. of the Howard Association, Nor- 
 folk, Ya. 
 
 Baltimore, June 23rd, 1856. 
 To Solomon Cherry, Esq., See. of Howard Association, Norfolk, Va. 
 
 My Dear Sir : — Absence from home, on a tour to the west, prevented 
 me acknowledging at an earlier date, the receipt of the very chaste and 
 beautiful testimonial, which your Association has kindly thought fit to 
 award me in consideration of my humble services during the fatal epide- 
 mic of the past year. The gift itself, as well as the complimentary letter 
 accompanying it, has impressed me most sensibly, and I would respect- 
 fully beg of you to present my grateful thanks to the members of the As- 
 sociation for this gracious manifestation of their remembrance and esteem. 
 
 Cherishing a lively recollection of your own politeness on this as well 
 as on former occasions, I remain, my dear sir, 
 
 Most respectfully and truly yours, WM. MORRIS. 
 
 Philadelphia, 3rd June, 1856. 
 
 To Solomon Cherry, Esq., Cor. Sec. of the Howard Association," Nor- 
 folk Va. 
 
 My Dear Sir: — I beg to acknowledge the receipt of your communica- 
 tion of the 25th ultimo, on behalf of the " Howard Association," together 
 with the accompanying " gold medal" to which it refers. 
 
 For the partial and flattering terms in which you are pleased to speak 
 of my professional sojourn during the visitation of the epidemic last sum- 
 mer, I offer my warm thanks ; and I aceept with pleasure the beautiful 
 and appropriate testimonial by which you desire to commemorate it. 
 
 It needed no enlarged philanthropy to respond with alacrity to that 
 condition of severe and prolonged suffering, which characterized Norfolk 
 and its vicinity in the summer of 1855. It might have been answered 
 by the principle of universal charity, from any people, and from any 
 quarter. To us it came with the irresistible appeal of common country, 
 of common kindred, and of neighborhood. 
 
 But these were not the only motives impelling to afford such succor 
 as the emergency required. Rightly considered, the profession of medi- 
 cine calls upon all who adopt it, to relinquish, in a certain degree, the 
 ordinary claims of individual advantages ; and there exists upon its disci- 
 ples the obligation of being ever ready to minister to the wants of sick- 
 ness and of infirmity. 
 
 To the honorable warmth, then, of your gratitude, rather than to the 
 merit of the physician, must be ascribed the spirit and the language of 
 your letter. 
 
 Be assured that both it, and the elegant token which it illustrates, must 
 be ever dear to the heart and to the memory of, Very respectfully, 
 
 and sincerely yours, &c, WM. HENRY FREEMAN, M. D. 
 
 New York, May 31, 1856. 
 S. Cherry, Esq., Cor. Sec. of Howard Association of Norfolk, Va. 
 My Dear Sir : — I have before me your kind letter which I have read 
 
59 
 
 over and over again. The emotions it has awakened in my breast are so 
 great that it deprives me of the power of finding adequate expression as 
 a suitable answer to your epistle. 
 
 I acknowledge the receipt of the gold medal, the Association has been 
 kind to send me, and I b?g of you to assure them, that I look upon it as 
 the most sacred gift and badge of honor they could bestow on us, and 
 that I feel prouder of this distinction, than of all the glittering crosses of 
 honor monarchical Europe could have heaped on us. 
 
 Please to receive my sincere and heartfelt thanks, and my everlasting 
 good wishes for the future welfare of the city of Norfolk and your noble 
 institution, the Howard Association. I have the honor to be, 
 
 Your respectful servant, WILLIAM HORWITZ. 
 
 Richmond, June 4th, 1856. <] 
 
 Messrs. Solomon Cherry, and others of the Howard Association of Nor 
 folk, Va. 
 
 Your very elegant and highly complimentary letter of the 25 th, an- 
 nouncing that you had sent to me a medal, was received, together with 
 the medal. It is truly beautiful and gotten up with taste, elegance, and 
 skill, commensurate with the magnanimity of your Association. Merely to 
 say that it was received with pleasure, would be giving but a feeble ex- 
 pression to the intense gratification it conferred, and doing as much in- 
 justice to my own feelings as to the object for which it was bestowed. 
 Its value can only be measured by the knowledge of its being merited, 
 and that the public have thus decided gives me infinite pleasure. It does 
 indeed awaken emotions of a painful nature, but the consciousness of 
 duty performed and sufferings alleviated is mingled with those, until the 
 pain is closely allied to pleasure. 
 
 I think with sadness of my noble compeers. They are fallen; — the 
 angel of death in his ruthless flight flapped his dark wings over their 
 devoted heads, and with his icy fingers feeling among the heart-strings, 
 snapped the vital chord, even while it was vibrating with the deepest love 
 and most entire self-sacrifice. They are fallen, but they receive a far 
 higher merit of honor than is in the power of man to bestow. 
 
 Please, gentlemen, accept my thanks and allow me the honor to sub- 
 scribe myself, with great respect, Your most obedient servant, 
 
 JNO. T. HARGROVE. 
 
 Norfolk, May 28th, 1856. 
 Solomon Cherry, Esq., Cor. Sec. of the Howard Association of Norfolk. 
 
 My Dear Sir: — I have just received the Medal which is presented to 
 me by the Howard Association of Norfolk, as a remembrance for my 
 services during the epidemic of 1855. Please tender to your worthy 
 society my sincere thanks for their elegant and appropriate present, men- 
 tioning also that their gift will be cherished by me not less for its own 
 value than for a multitude of friendly associations growing out of the 
 troubles of last summer. To yourself, I can only repeat my profound 
 sense of obligation for all the distinguished expressions conveyed in your 
 letter, yet I lament to think that my efforts in behalf of this suffering 
 community little deserve that high praise which you have been 
 pleased to bestow upon them. My earnest hope for the future is, 
 that Norfolk may be spared from pestilence, that your valuable and phi- 
 lanthropic society may enjoy increased prosperity, and that your excellent 
 
name will be preserved hereafter as a conspicuous benefactor of this city 
 and people during its season of severest trial. A. B. WILLIMAN. 
 
 Norfolk, Va., May 28th, 1856. 
 Esteemed Gentlemen of the Howard Association of Norfolk : 
 
 I beg to acknowledge the receipt of your chaste and beautiful medal, 
 in remembrance of my services to the community of Norfolk, during the 
 late unprecedented epidemic. This memorial with its accompanying 
 friendly and complimentary letter, will ever be cherished by me, as an 
 emblem of your intellectual, benevolent, and philanthropic Association. 
 
 Gentlemen, the occasion forcibly revives agreeable, though melancholy, 
 recollections of those who labored with us in our fearful duty, and who 
 fell in the performance of that duty ; agreeable from the recollections of 
 their many virtues and from the noble cause in which they fell, melan- 
 choly from the reflection that any exigency should arise which should 
 require such a noble sacrifice. Your obedient servant, 
 
 S. D. CAMPBELL, M. D. 
 
 Norfolk, Va., May 28th, 1856. 
 
 Solomon Cherry, Esq., 
 
 Dear Sir : — The gold medal, which your noble Association has seen fit 
 to award me for services rendered to your community during the epidemic 
 of 1855, has been duly received ; likewise your kind favor in reference to 
 same. Allow me to express, through you, to your society, (which you 
 represent,) my sincere thanks for their handsome present; as well as 
 their appreciation of my feeble efforts on that fearful occasion. 
 
 For yourself. Sir, be pleased to accept my acknowledgment, for the 
 courteous manner in which you have made the presentation, and fulfilled 
 the duty, intrusted to your care. In conclusion, let me wish your Associa- 
 tion " God speed" in its mission of mercy ; and its members, individually 
 and collectively, that health and happiness which they so richly merit. 
 Most respectfully, I remain your obedient servant, 
 
 JNO. B. HOLMES, 
 
 To Solomon Cherry, Cor. Sec. of Howard Association of Norfolk. 
 
 Norfolk, May 29th, 1856. 
 Mr. Solomon Cherry, Cor. Sec. of Howard Association. 
 
 Sir: — With feelings of no ordinary (yet melancholy) pleasure, I ac- 
 knowledge the receiptof the very beautiful medal, with the accompanying 
 letter, which your noble Association have so kindly presented. 
 
 Believe me, both will be ever cherished. With sincere respect and heart- 
 felt wishes for the happiness of each member of the Howard Association 
 of the city of Norfolk, I remain yours, J. E. MARSH. 
 
 To the Members of the Howard Association of Norfolk. 
 
 Gentlemen: — In acknowledging the receiptof the gold medal presented 
 by you to me as one of the volunteer physicians who came to your relief 
 during the terrible pestilence of 1855, allow me to express to you my sin- 
 cere and grateful thanks for this testimony of your appreciation of my 
 services during that time of sickness and death. 
 
 ,The medical fraternity are necessarily exposed to constant dangers and 
 
61 
 
 trials, which they ever cheerfully encounter ; but there are times, like 
 that in which we were co-laborers with you, when every beat of the 
 heart is made in sympathy with the extraordinary afflictions of our 
 fellow-citizens, and our professional concern for the sick and dying is 
 awfully intensified by the suddenness and violence of their attacks, ap- 
 pealing with dreadful anguish to every emotion that can stir the heart 
 in behalf of suffering humanity, and exciting to almost super-human 
 efforts to stay the hand of the destroyer, and to smooth the passage of the 
 dying through " the valley of the shadow of death." 
 
 At such times every personal consideration must give way to philan- 
 thropy, and self be merged into the unity of humanity ; but it is consoling 
 to feel that such services to the brotherhood of man carry with them a 
 reward, richer and dearer than the " gold of Ophir;" and in reviewing 
 my past labors in your city during the pestilence, I shall ever have the 
 satisfaction of feeling that they were not altogether in vain. 
 
 Although the medal will call up many painful associations connected 
 with my professional duties in Norfolk, I shall ever treasure it as a pre- 
 cious testimonial of the grateful feelings which prompted its bestowal, 
 and as an incentive to higher exertions and greater sacrifices for the good 
 of my afflicted fellow-men. 
 
 Again thanking you for this elegant gift, and for the flattering manner 
 
 in which it was presented, and expressing the hope that your beautiful 
 
 city may never again be visited by the pestilence which was the occasion 
 
 of my visit here, and also my wishes for your prosperity and happiness. 
 
 I have the honor to be your obedient servant, 
 
 W. S. DONALDSON, M. D. 
 
 By a resolution of the Association, gold medals were presented to Pro- 
 fessor W. Porcher Miles, of Charleston, Judge W. Milo Olin, of Augusta, 
 Georgia, Messrs. William Ballantine and Albert II. Jennett, of Mobile ; 
 and also to Miss Annie M. Andrews, of Louisiana ; for their philanthro- 
 pic and invaluable services. Letters of presentation were addressed to 
 them, and we here give their responses so far as have been received. 
 
 Mayor's Office, Charleston, June 5, 1856. 
 Solomon Cherry, Esq., Cor. Sec. of Howard Association of Norfolk, Va, 
 
 Dear Sir :-— I have had the honor of receiving your communication of 
 the 30th ultimo, informing me of the presentation to me of a gold medal, 
 by the Howard Association of Norfolk, for services rendered the people 
 of Norfolk during the pestilence of 1855. I had received the medal the 
 day before, through the hands of Daniel Ravenel, Esq, the President of 
 the Howard Association of Charleston, to whose care it had been sent. 
 
 Allow me through you, to express to the Norfolk Association my sense 
 of the honor they have conferred upon me, by their beautiful testimonial, 
 and to assure them of my deep appreciation of the feeling which has 
 actuated them. 
 
 It was a matter of obvious duty on the part of the citizens of Charles- 
 ton to go to the assistance of the suffering sick in Norfolk. I trust that 
 South Carolina will ever be ready in the hour of trial — of whatever na- 
 ture that trial may be — to take her place by the side of Virginia — to 
 share her dangers and alleviate her calamities. 
 
 With renewed expressions of my high sense of the honor conferred 
 upon me by your Association, and mj [best acknowledgments for the 
 
62 
 
 very kind and flattering manner in which you have communicated to me 
 their action. I remain, dear sir, with respect and esteem, 
 
 Your obedient servant, WM. PORCHES, MILES. 
 
 Mobile, 22nd June, 1851. 
 To Solomon Cherry, Esq., Cor. Sec. of Howard Association of Norfolk. 
 
 Dear Sir: It is with much pleasure that I acknowledge the receipt of 
 your favor of the 29th ultimo, and accompanying beautiful tokens of 
 your esteem. 
 
 Permit me not only for myself, but for the society, (the Can't-Get-Away 
 Club,) whom I assisted in representing, to return thanks for the kind 
 and beautiful remembrance of the small aid we were enabled to bring 
 to the afflicted of your city, the past summer. 
 
 And may it be long, if ever, sir, your beautiful city be again the scene 
 of pestilence and woe, like the past. With much respect, 
 
 I have the honor to remain, your obedient servant, 
 
 WILLIAM BALLAD TINE. 
 
 Mobile, Aug. 7th, 1856. 
 To the President, and Members, of the Howard Association, Norfolk. 
 
 Gentlemen. :— -In the name of the Can't-Get-Away Club of this city, and 
 for myself, I return you our thanks for the very handsome medals you 
 have awarded to Mr. Ballantine, to Dr. Miller, and to myself. 
 
 We accept the medals as the expression of your appreciation of what 
 we endeavored to do : that we were not able to do more, was our mis- 
 fortune, gentlemen, as it was your loss. 
 
 Nevertheless, " nihil sine voluntate," we had been able to do nothing 
 had there not been a will to back us in the persons of our worthy Presi- 
 dent, Mr. Jno. Hurtel, and his most efficient, and when the call is from 
 charity, (1 Cor. xiii. 3, 8, 13,) most indefatigable Secretary, Mr. Jas. 
 M. Park. 
 
 Again, gentlemen, accept the very proud thanks, proud on account of 
 your approbation, though not for their own merits, of those I have the 
 honor to represent, and of, Your obedient servant, 
 
 ALBERT H. JENNETT. 
 
 National Hotel, Norfolk, Va., April 18th, 1857. 
 A. B. Cooke, Esq., President of the Howard Association. 
 
 Sir : — Permit me to tender you, and through you to the Howard As- 
 sociation, my grateful acknowledgments and appreciation of the token 
 of favour which you have been pleased this day to bestow upon me. 
 
 I shall ever hold it a cherished memorial, a bond of union betwixt you 
 and me, significant of that time when, through Providence, I was permitted 
 to cast my mite of sympathy and aid into the rich treasure of kindly care 
 and concern so lavishly poured out for Norfolk in her time of need. 
 
 The beautiful trinity, " Faith, Hope, and Charity," and the "Good 
 Samaritan/' (your own appropriately chosen devices,) be it mine to emu- 
 late ; and be assured that with these before me, I shall never be forgetful 
 of the "■ Association" by which these emblems have been transmitted to 
 me. 
 
 With earnest wishes for yourself and those whom you represent, as for 
 your city generally, 
 
 I am yours truly, ANNIE M. ANDREWS. 
 
GENERAL CORRESPONDENCE. 
 
 At a meeting of the citizens of Fredricksburg, held at the Court House, 
 on Friday evening, the 17th August, among others, the following resolu- 
 tion was unanimously adopted : 
 
 Resolved, That the authorities of Norfolk and Portsmouth be in- 
 formed, that there are no quarantine regulations existing here, that all 
 the avenues to our salubrious town are open, and will be kept open, and 
 if necessary for the comfort of any that may visit us from the afflicted 
 cities aforesaid, that our doors will be open also. 
 
 Resolved, That the mayor of the town, be, and is hereby requested to 
 send copies of this proceeding, (this) resolution, to the respective mayors 
 of Norfolk, and Portsmouth. 
 
 Copy from minutes. [Signed.] GALIUL JOHNSON, Secretary. 
 
 Baltimore, August 18th, 1855. 
 To the Howard Association". 
 
 Gentlemen : — By this day's boat we send to your address, 12 barrels 
 wine biscuit, to assist in alleviating the sufferings of your unfortunate 
 city. Deeply do we sympathize with you in your affliction, and we sin- 
 cerely pray that the terrible scourge which is now devastating your place 
 may be removed, and health be restored. 
 
 Gentlemen, may your noble and generous devotion to the sick and suf- 
 fering be amply rewarded ; and in the exercise of your philanthropic duties 
 may you be preserved from the infection of that malignant disease. 
 
 We are, gentlemen, truly yours, 
 [Signed.] JAMES D. MASON & CO., No. 98 Pratt st. 
 
 Banking House of Sweeny, Rittenhouse & Co., ) 
 Washington City, August 18th, 1855. j 
 
 My Dear Woodis : — Little did I suppose when we parted as classmates 
 in college, twenty years since, that the first communication which I should 
 have with you, would be one of condolence. 
 
 But, Providence has so ordered it ! and I assure you of my heart-felt 
 sympathy for yourself individually, and for the community over which 
 you preside. 
 
 Words would answer very little purpose however on an occasion like 
 this present, when suffering and distress pervade the citizens of your vi- 
 cinity, and I have opened our place of business for the reception of the 
 gifts of the charitable ; which gifts I will forward with all practicable 
 dispatch. The first instalment I enclose to you to day, the half of which 
 
 (63) 
 
64 
 
 you will be pleased to retain, and the residue place in the hands of the 
 proper authorities of Portsmouth and Gosport. 
 
 I am very truly, your friend, and obedient servant, 
 I enclose $258 50. [Signed.] H. B. SWEENY. 
 
 Franktown, P. 0. Northampton, Aug. 19th, 1855. 
 H. Woodis, Esq. 
 
 Sir: — Whilst the Almighty in his mysterious wisdom has seen fit to afflict 
 your city with such an awful scourge ; let me tender through you to such 
 of the citizens as choose to avail themselves of the opportunity, the hos- 
 pitalities of my house, until the disease is allayed. It truly grieves me to 
 see the monster consigning to eternal doom so many of our fellow men, 
 and more grievous is it to see so many closing their doors upon those 
 that are seeking an asylum from its malignant grasp. 
 I remain, very truly, your obedient servant, 
 Locust Grove. [Signed.] WILLIAM S. CHRISTIAN. 
 
 Washington, Aug. 22nd, 1855. 
 James A. Saunders, Esq., Sec, Norfolk, Va. 
 
 Dear Sir: — I have the pleasure to enclose one hundred dollars, being 
 the contribution received to day. Fifty dollars of the above was sent by 
 the President of the United States, form the Red Sulphur Springs. A lady, 
 Mrs. Jones, has nobly volunteered to go to Norfolk, and I have given her 
 a letter of introduction to you, and I hope she may be useful to your 
 society. Yours of the 18th received, my respects to Capt. B. 
 
 Your obedient servant, [Signed.] CHARLES S. J. CHUBB. 
 
 B. B. Walter, Esq. 
 
 Dear Sir: — Should it be the will of God, that any of the young men 
 in your house die, and neither they nor their friends have any particular 
 burial place, I own two lots in Elmwood Cemetery, which I freely — gratis 
 — place at your disposal for the reception of their bodies. If you need 
 them let me know, and God sparing me health and strength, I will attend 
 to the graves myself. Yours, &c, &c, 
 
 Norfolk, Aug. 21st. 1855. [Signed.] ROBERT DALRYMPLE. 
 
 Baltimore, August 18th, 1855. 
 
 To the Treasurer of the Howard Association, at Norfolk. 
 
 Dear Sir: — We are in the ice cream business, and would like to make 
 a donation for the sick and convalescent, if you would allow it to be used. 
 It is pure cream, and we would send it with, or without flavour, as you 
 might direct. Please let us know if it would be acceptable. Yours, 
 [Signed.] JACOB FUSSEL & CO., Saratoga st, near Calvert. 
 
 Mayor's Office, \ 
 Savannah, 21st Aug., 1855. j 
 
 Hon. Hunter Woodis, Mayor of Norfolk. 
 
 Dear Sir: — The citizens of Savannah, bearing in grateful recollection 
 the benevolent liberality extended to them from all parts of our country, 
 during the ravages of the yellow fever here in the summer of 1854, have* in- 
 
65 
 
 structed me to forward the enclosed check of five hundred dollars, for the 
 relief of the indigent sick of Norfolk and its vicinity. Be pleased to con- 
 vey to them our sympathies in the distress now hanging so heavily over 
 your people, and apply the within sum to their necessities. 
 
 Very respectfully, your obedient servant, 
 [Signed.] EDWARD C. ANDERSON". 
 
 Washington City, Aug 22d, 185o 
 HuntehWoodis, Mayor of Norfolk. 
 
 My Dear Sir: — My residence on the Bay near Old Point is as healthy 
 a spot as can be found fronting the ocean. It lies between the capes ; 
 and no disease infectious in its character can exist there. 
 
 There are two cottages, with 12 rooms, a kitchen with 4 rooms, and all 
 the necessary out houses, good cistern, &c. 
 
 Please use them as if they were your own, free of all charge, as long as 
 you wish it, and make them administer to the relief of your city, either 
 as a hospital or for the use of any of its citizens. 
 
 It is in f of an hour of Norfolk, and a public road from Old Point leads 
 to it. 
 
 Mr. Wm. E. Barnes, near Old Point, has the keys. 
 
 Yours very truly, [Signed.] JAMES W. FRENCH. 
 
 Savannah, August 22d, 1855. 
 
 Hon. Hunter Woodis, Mayor of Norfolk. 
 
 Sir : — Enclosed, you will find a check for $1272, — a cheerful offering 
 from the people of Savannah, for the relief of the sufferers from Yellow 
 Fever in Norfolk, Portsmouth, and Gosport. You will please apply it as 
 the wants of each may demand. 
 
 Praying that the citizens of my native state may speedily be delivered 
 from the scourge which last year so sorely afflicted this, my adopted city, 
 
 I am, very respectfully, 
 Your obedient servant, [Signed.] R. B. HILTON. 
 
 Shocco Springs, August 29th, 1855. 
 
 To F. B. Ferguson, Esq., Norfolk. 
 
 Dear Sir: — Enclosed, you will find a check for fifty-five dollars, which 
 I have elicited from my relatives and friends, at this place, for the suf- 
 ferers of Norfolk and Portsmouth ; and, " though poor the offering be/' 
 I sincerely hope it may in a degree serve to alleviate the distresses of some 
 of those poor children of want and affliction, placed under your charge, 
 with whom I truly sympathize. Respectfully, &c, 
 
 [Signed.] MRS. M. S. SURANDER. 
 
 Roseland, Elizabeth City Co., Aug. 31, 1855. 
 
 My Dear Sir: — Having learned that it is proposed, as a means of ar- 
 resting the pestilence, that is scourging your city, to remove as many of 
 its citizens as possible, to another locality, (if a suitable one can be had,) 
 I hasten to say, that I have two large fields (70 acres each) situated im- 
 mediately on Hampton Road, which are entirely at the service of the 
 Howard Association, and the citizens of Norfolk and Portsmouth. If by 
 the erection of temporary buildings, or the raising of tents, an asylum 
 5 
 
■ 
 
 66 
 
 can be found on my humble premises by those who would flee the pesti 
 lence, I am sure it will afford me the utmost pleasure to dedicate them 
 to so holy and humane a purpose. The location is eminently healthy and 
 entirely accessible, as I have a wharf at Mill Creek, which can be reached 
 by vessels of considerable burthen, and any aid I can render by giving 
 the use of my team, or otherwise, will be most cheerfully afforded. 
 With deepest sympathy for your afflicted people, 
 
 I am your obedient servant, [Signed.] JAS. SEGAN. 
 
 Wm. B. Ferguson, Esq., Pres. Howard Association, Norfolk. 
 
 Eichmond, Aug. 23d, f 855. 
 To Hunter Woodis, Esq., Mayor of the city of Norfolk. 
 
 Sir: — It has become my pleasing duty as chairman of a meeting of the 
 citizens of Richmond, to enclose to you, in their name, the sum of nineteen 
 hundred and nine dollars and eighty-six cents, contributed for the relief 
 of the sufferers from the effects of yellow fever in your city. It is proper 
 to state, that the sum of three thousand one hundred and eighty-three 
 dollars and nine cents was subscribed for Norfolk and Portsmouth, and 
 that the committee appointed for the purpose, have deemed it proper to 
 divide the amount received between the two places, in the proportion of 
 three parts to Norfolk, and two to Portsmouth, being an approximation 
 to their respective populations. 
 
 Before the meeting was called, a committee had been appointed by the 
 Young Men's Christian Association of this nlace, to solicit contributions 
 for the same purpose. It is due to their enlarged philanthropy to say 
 that much the larger portion of the amount now remitted was collected 
 by them. They have exhibited a commendable zeal in the cause of hu- 
 manity, by anticipating the action of the citizens, and endeavoring to 
 afford prompt assistance to those who are bound to them, in the endearing 
 relation of neighbors and friends. While we present this token of re- 
 gard, we are ready, should your necessities require additional assistance, 
 to contribute most promptly for your relief. The sum forwarded, em- 
 braces also a contribution, from the visitors at the Huguenot Springs, of 
 sixty dollars, transmitted to me i4 for the relief of the sick of yellow fever 
 in Portsmouth and Norfolk/' and one hundred and four dollars and fifty-six 
 cents liberally bestowed by the employees on the Richmond and Peters- 
 burg Railroad. The sum of five hundred dollars, heretofore contributed 
 by our citizens, has already been forwarded to the Mayor of Portsmouth ' 
 by J. W. Randolph, Esq. I cannot close this communication without 
 expressing my conviction of the deep sympathy of our entire community 
 for the severe affliction and heavy bereavement of our fellow citizens of 
 Norfolk. The meeting, by resolution, have tendered the hospitalities of 
 the city, and a cordial welcome to all who may remove from the pesti- 
 lence and take refuge among us. I can assure them a fraternal greeting. 
 With one voice, we unite in invoking the interposition of Providence to 
 stay the hand of the destroyer, to restore to you a pure atmosphere and 
 perfect health, and grant you, as heretofore, prosperity and happiness. 
 Very respectfully, &c, [Signed,] GEORGE W. MUNEORD. 
 
 Sunday, Aug. 26th, 1855. 
 Wm. B. Ferguson, Esq., Howard Association, Norfolk. 
 
 Dear Sir: — I avail myself of the quiet of this day to renew our corres- 
 pondence, and to make suggestions which the bustle of the morning would 
 prevent. In order that my fiduciary trust may be correctly audited, I 
 have to call your attention to the annexed statement of moneys remitted 
 
67 
 
 to you, which, please examine, and if found correct, acknowledge to me 
 that it may be my voucher for me to this community, up to this period. 
 
 f Draft of Drexels on Gordon, being 
 Aug. 15, to Mayor of Norfolk, $350, < collection made prior to call of 
 
 ( Public Meeting. 
 Pres., 600, Clark's draft on Gordon. 
 
 COO, F. & M. Bank, df't on Bank, Va. 
 « 600, " " 
 
 « 140^ « u « 
 
 600, Clark's draft on Gordon. 
 
 it 
 
 n, to ; 
 
 you 
 
 f( 
 
 18, 
 
 « 
 
 (( 
 
 20, 
 
 ii 
 
 (( 
 
 21, 
 
 « 
 
 « 
 
 22, 
 
 << 
 
 It 
 
 24, 
 
 tt 
 
 11 
 
 25, 
 
 it 
 
 "POO •[ ' ^ ^* Bank, draft on Bank of 
 ' { Va. at Richmond. 
 
 ti AAf> « " « 
 
 600, 
 
 $5950 independent of Drugs. 
 
 I trust you received the "quinine" this morning ; it went in the mail 
 train. Adams' Express is not running. I herewith enclose invoice of 
 medicines for your Association, which I have had put up, which with 15 
 boxes lemons went by Adams' Express — freight free — to Baltimore, and 
 ought to be received by you Tuesday morning at the latest. The list may 
 no doubt be imperfect, as there was not time to get professional advice 
 upon it. If there is any drug, medicine, chemical, restorative, or tonic, 
 or article of diet, which you are out of, or which you think you will want, 
 or that your doctors can suggest, let us know by telegraph or mail, and 
 it shall be sent immediately. Quinine is manufactured here, probably 
 better than anywhere else in the United States. It and calomel are so 
 often adulterated, that it has occurred to the writer, that it would be 
 proper for you to have your whole supply direct from the laboratory, and 
 then you would be sure of having it pure and of uniform potency. What 
 say you? There are rare preparations of iron, of French manufacture, — 
 iodines, &c, to be had in this city; but as the undersigned is no doctor, 
 he can't say if they wouM be useful in yellow fever; your doctors can re- 
 flect on it. Ought you not to have liberal quantities of bay rum, cologne 
 water, aromatic vinegar and such washes, and likewise abundance of 
 lemons, arrow root, tapioca, sago, pearl barley, and oat meal, for the con- 
 valescent ? I telegraphed to know if you wanted an apothecary to prepare 
 doses. In conversation with my friend, Professor Chas. D. Meige of the 
 Jefferson, this afternoon, he suggested that you apply at once to Govern- 
 ment for tents, and that you remove the healthy part of your population 
 from the town to an elevated region, taking good care that the encamp- 
 ment shall be dry and full of comforts, it is not requisite to go far ; a half 
 mile or so would answer ; sometimes the boundary and limit of infection 
 is well defined ; to remove out of the infected district is the surest of all 
 plans to arrest the pestilence in his opinion. I give you the substance of 
 his remarks, as well as I can remember them. I shall try to-morrow to 
 send on by the mail train, in the care of the mail agent, some pure ice- 
 cream, from Delaware Co., Pa. I have seen physicians here about it, and 
 they tell me the sick and convalescent could have no better thing. It is 
 an article of rare excellence in this vicinity, and if I can arrange for a 
 daily transmission of it, you can rely on a constant supply. There are 
 keys for Doctor McFadden packed in one of the cases of drugs ; please 
 hand them to him. I hope to be able to send you more money, and more 
 doctors, and nurses to-morrow,, Yours trulv, 
 
 [Signed.] THOMAS WEBSTER, Jr. 
 
 Chairman of Committee of Belief for Philadelphia 
 
68 
 
 Phila., Aug. 27, 1855. 
 
 Wm. B. Ferguson, Esq., President of Howard Association, Norfolk. 
 
 Dear Sir : — Please find enclosed, Farmers & Mechanics Bank draft 
 on Bank of Virginia, at Richmond, for nine hundred and nine dollars and 
 sixteen cents, being the eighth remittance from this community to you. 
 This contribution is made up of one day's pay of the master workmen, 
 mechanics, and laborers employed in the Navy Yard at this city, and the- 
 same amount has been sent to Portsmouth. It is not the intention of 
 this committee to publish the names of any contributors to the fund; but 
 this is an exception to the rule ; many of these generous-hearted men 
 have worked in your city, and have had, and expect again to have, social 
 intercourse with your people. It has been a great pleasure to the com- 
 mittee to transmit you funds, and I trust it will not be deemed invidious 
 to any, to say there is a gratification about this remittance surpassing 
 any other. The true dignity of labor could have no better exemplar 
 than the genial and free handed sympathy our mechanics and laborers 
 offer to your distressed community. Yours truly, 
 
 [Signed.] THOMAS WEBSTER, Jr. 
 Chairman of Philadelphia Committee of Relief. 
 
 Office of the Richmond and Petersburg Rail Road Co., 
 
 Richmond, Aug. 27th, 1855. j 
 To Capt. Robt. W. Bowden. 
 
 Dear Sir: — Thinking that perhaps it might be thought judicious by 
 the authorities, or the officers of the Howard Association of your city, 
 and that of Portsmouth, to induce as many persons as yet remain in good 
 health to remove so as to decrease the number of victims to the fever, 
 (some of which are no doubt in very limited circumstances,) I take the 
 liberty of tendering a free passage on board the steamer Augusta to Rich- 
 mond, or any point on the river, to any such persons who may be fur- 
 nished with a note from you, — the President, or Secretary of the Howard 
 Association, or the acting Mayor of either city, stating such facts. I have 
 previously addressed you a note dated this day, but found out after it had 
 been mailed, that it was not addressed correctly. With a heartfelt sym- 
 pathy for the affliction that has befallen your city, I remain, 
 
 Yours very truly. 
 [Signed.] THOMAS DODAMEAD, 
 Agent of Steamer Augusta. 
 
 New York, Aug. 27th, 1855. 
 
 Dear Sir: — In behalf of the general committee of the citizens of New 
 York, appointed on the 19th inst. to collect money for the relief of the 
 suffering poor of the towns of Norfolk, Portsmouth, and Gosport, we have 
 much pleasure in transmitting herewith the sum of three thousand dol- 
 lars ($3,000) in the certificate of deposit of the Leather Manufacturers 
 Bank, payable to your order. It is the desire of the committee that one- 
 half of this sum be applied to the relief of the destitute sufferers of Nor- 
 folk, and the other half equally divided between the proper authorities of 
 Portsmouth and Gosport, for the relief of the destitute sufferers of those 
 places. 
 
 We must ask of you the favor to hand the respective sums to the magis- 
 trates of these places. We have much satisfaction in saying to you that 
 this community has manifested a warm sympathy with the sufferers in 
 
69 
 
 your vicinity, and has most cheerfully responded to the call for aid. We 
 shall soon have occasion to make you a further remittance, and we re- 
 main, with great respect, Your obedient servants, 
 
 [Signed.] P. PERIT, Chairman. 
 
 W. H. MACY, Treasurer. 
 To Hunter Woodis, Esq., Mayor of Norfolk, Va. 
 
 Raleigh, N. C, Aug. 30th, 1855. 
 To the Howard Association. 
 
 There was handed to me last week a subscription paper for the relief of 
 the sufferers of your place : I did not put my name to it. I now enclose 
 to you ten dollars ($10) ; it is a small mite, but it is all I can do, and it 
 comes with my most sincere and best wishes, and I would be glad if I 
 could do more for my native friends. It is from one, only one, left of a 
 large family who was raised with those that have been sleeping their last 
 sleep in your cemetery for years, and although I have been absent since 
 the year 1832, yet my heart is with you still. 
 
 Take and use it to your own good judgment. I humbly pray to God 
 that there will soon be a change for the better in your place, and perfect 
 health restored to your afflicted citizens. Yours, most respectfully, 
 
 [Signed.] THOS. R. FENTRESS. 
 
 Sweet Springs, Va., Aug. 28, 1855. 
 
 Dear Sir : — Enclosed, you have the proceedings of a meeting held at 
 this place on the 24th. 
 
 Wm. H. Taylor, Esq., Chairman of the Committee to solicit contribu- 
 tions, has to-day reported, showing the total amount received at the meet- 
 ing and since to be $672 50. One-half is herewith forwarded to you, and 
 the other is sent by the same mail to the Mayor of Portsmouth. Con- 
 sidering the number of visitors, and that many of them had before con- 
 tributed at .the White Sulphur, the amount raised here is large. 
 
 In his report, Mr. Tayloe mentions the very important aid rendered by 
 Mrs. Judge Hopkins, of Alabama, and I cannot forbear saying that this 
 lady (formerly the wife of Capt. Gordon, of the Navy, who died on the 
 Coast of Africa) has displayed a zealous interest in the cause of the suf- 
 fering, which has won the admiration of all who witnessed it. Trusting 
 that our little offering may in some degree help to alleviate°the distress 
 of your sick, and that your city may be speedily relieved from the terrible 
 pestilence, I remain, very truly, your obedient servant, 
 
 [Signed.] W. P. BOCOCK. 
 
 To the President of the Howard Association, Norfolk. 
 
 P. S. — Since the above was written, I have received from Mrs. Hopkins 
 a further contribution of a five dollar which not being easilydivisible, 
 I have herewith enclosed to you. [Signed.] W. P. B. ; 
 
 Baltimore, Aug. 29, 1855. 
 
 D. Wheeler, Esq., Ass. Sec. Howard Association, Norfolk, Va. 
 
 Dear Sir: — We have the pleasure to inform you that your favor dated 
 yesterday was received, and have forwarded you the letter blanks you de- 
 sired printed, this afternoon by steamboat, in a package to Sister Bernard, 
 St. Mary's Orphan Asylum of your city. With regard to the charge for 
 
70 
 
 them, we shall make none, as we are but too happy to aid all in our power 
 the noble cause of charity you are engaged in. Besides, we hold our- 
 selves in readiness to execute, with despatch, all orders for printing you 
 may send us for the same object without charge'; and hoping that Provi- 
 dence may spare every member of your glorious Association through the 
 trying ordeal they have yet to pass. 
 
 We are, dear sir, your obedient servants, 
 
 [Signed.] JOHN MURPHY & CO. 
 
 S. & R. R. R. Co., Aug. 29, 1855. 
 Wm. B. Ferguson, President Howard Association, Norfolk, 
 
 Dear Sir : — On behalf of the Railroad Company I send you about nine 
 hundred weight of bacon, for such distribution as you may think proper. 
 Very respectfully, your obedient servant, 
 
 [Signed.] WM. COLLINS, President. 
 
 Council Chamber, Mobile, 1st September. 
 To his Honor, the Mayor of Norfolk. 
 
 The brotherhood of the Episcopal Church of this city, deeply sympa- 
 thizing in your afflictions, held a meeting last evening, at which it was 
 unanimously resolved, to send their Vice President, Mr. Wm. T. Walt- 
 hall, and their Treasurer, Mr. Wm. C. Miller, to aid and assist in the care 
 of the sick. 
 
 These gentlemen, having gone through many epidemics, are well fitted 
 to do good service, and I heartily commend them to your regards. 
 
 The brotherhood have taken care of their expenses, and they will set 
 out by mail this morning. Your obedient servant, 
 
 [Signed.] ROBERT S. BUNKER, 
 
 President Common Council, Mobile. 
 
 Resolved, That Washington Naval Lodge, No. 4, of ancient York 
 Masons, cordially unite in the universal sympathy for the people of Nor- 
 folk and Portsmouth, in the awful afflictions through which they have 
 been called to pass, and desiring to contribute to their relief, as far as 
 our abilities will permit, do hereby appropriate the sum of fifty dollars, 
 which the R. W. Master is requested to cause to be transmitted, in equal 
 parts, and accompanied by an attested copy of this resolution, to the 
 proper authorities at Norfolk and Portsmouth, to be disposed of by them 
 for the benefit of the sick and suffering. 
 
 [Signed.] JEREMIAH CROSS, R. W. Master, 
 
 L. s. Attest. 
 
 [Signed.] JOSEPH MONILELL, Secretary. 
 
 Williamsburg, 1st Sept., 1855. 
 
 Dear Sir : — The inhabitants of our little town have made me their 
 organ to convey to its destination, their contribution towards the fund 
 which a sympathizing people are furnishing to assist the poor of your 
 city, in their present extremity. I accordingly enclose a check for one 
 hundred and fifty dollars. The amount is small, so is our population, 
 which indeed at this moment is smaller than usual, through the absence 
 
71 
 
 of some of our citizens, who are amongst the most able as well as the 
 most willing to contribute to such purposes. We expect, of course, that 
 an offering so insignificant in extent will achieve no other end than to 
 serve as a token of our good-will, and to show to you that we are prompted 
 by feelings of compassion for your misfortune, akin to those which we 
 rejoice to know are now actuating the whole country. This purpose we 
 hope it will accomplish. We earnestly desire our neighbors of Norfolk 
 to believe that our community is moved by the deepest regret and sincerest 
 sympathy for the heavy calamity which has befallen their city. Did I 
 pursue the original instructions of my fellow-townsmen, I should now be 
 writing to my lamented friend Hunter Woodis, your late most excellent 
 Mayor, who sacrificed himself to his duty, and whose loss is one of the 
 severest your citizens deplore. I feel assured that I obey the spirit of 
 those instructions in conveying to you this little evidence of our kindly 
 regard. With the sincere hope that the blessing of health will soon de- 
 scend upon your people, I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, 
 
 [Signed.] K. SAUNDERS, Mayor. 
 
 To W. Ferguson", Esq., President Howard Association. 
 
 Navy Yard, Gosport, Sept. 3d, 1855. 
 
 Dear Sir: — Commander McKeever requests me to present his compli- 
 ments, and to say that all shall be done in his power to comply with your 
 request for coffins. We find it difficult to supply the demand on us from 
 Portsmouth and the hospital, with every carpenter at work, Sunday not 
 excepted. If it be possible to increase the force it shall be done, and an 
 equal division will be made in favor of Norfolk of their labors. 
 Verv respectfully, your obedient servant, 
 
 [Signed.] C. M. POOR, 
 
 Lt. and En. Officer. 
 
 Richmond, Sunday night, Sept. 9, 1855. 
 
 My Dear SiR:^-Send up to Richmond the orphans and their attend- 
 ants, and any others as rapidly as you can. We have to-day secured the 
 Catholic College, and we will accommodate one thousand persons. We 
 are particularly desirous to get the orphans and the persons who cannot 
 take care of themselves up here. Last night we wrote you to send them 
 to Sailor's Tavern, but now we are happy to say we can accommodate 
 filly not only the orphans but any others you can get away. 
 
 Your obedient servant, 
 [Signed.] JOSEPH MAYO, Chairman. 
 
 N. B. — I mean the orphans of the asylum and all others you may think 
 proper to send. 
 
 Phila., Aug. 31, 1855. 
 
 Wm. B. Ferguson, Esq., President Howard Association, Norfolk, Va. 
 
 Dear Sir: — Yours of 28th (Wheeler, Secretary) is at hand. The com- 
 mittee will observe your advice, and send no more doctors or nurses unless 
 requested by you. I am rejoiced to find you are daily receiving experi- 
 enced aid from the South. Our committee did their best, and in their ad- 
 vertisements for doctors and nurses asked for volunteers who had had the 
 fever and knew the proper treatment for it, and by this public notice at- 
 tracted De Castro and others to their office, who had had experience in it 
 
72 
 
 in Cuba, Rio, New Orleans, and elsewhere. I devoutly trust that some 
 of the doctors and nurses sent, from here have been able to do you real 
 service, and if one or two prove inefficient, or one or more turn out to be 
 vile like the hyena-like wretch Norton, for Heaven's sake acquit the com- 
 mittee of blame. The best of causes runs the chances of being imposed 
 upon, and in this most sacred and touching cause— Relief for the sick 
 by pestilence — it appears, not even the danger added to the holiness of the 
 cause itself, has been sufficient in one instance at least to deter a wretch 
 from his vile scheme of imposition, plunder and outrage. For the sake 
 of human nature I trust there is not another case like Norton's on record. 
 All that we have sent you are volunteers, absolutely at your disposal, 
 and you must exercise your authority over them as you deem best. Our 
 further aid will be in money. I hope to send you more to-morrow. 
 
 Yours truly, [Signed.] THOMAS WEBSTER, JR., 
 
 Chairman of Committee. 
 
 Office of Can't-Get-Away Club, ) 
 Mobile, Ala., Aug. 29, 1855. j 
 
 At a meeting of the Club this day at five o'clock, P. M., they deter- 
 mined to send aid to the sick and suffering of Norfolk and Portsmouth, 
 Va. Dr. R. Miller, Physician to the Club, was selected to represent them 
 in those two cities. He takes with him Mr. W. Ballantine, a member of 
 the Club. They have in charge five experienced female nurses to aid them 
 in the fulfilment of their mission, Mrs. Rolls, Mrs. Murray, Mrs. Stinson, 
 Miss Francis Reid and Mrs. Murrell. 
 
 [Signed.] JOHN HARLET, President. 
 
 The foregoing is a true copy from the minutes as of record, now on 
 file in my office. t 
 
 Witness my hand and private seal (not having an official seal) at office 
 in the city of Mobile, on this 30th day of August, A. D. 1855. 
 
 [l. s.] [Signed.] J. M. PARK, Secretary. 
 
 Mayor's Office, City Hall, ) 
 
 Wilmington, Delaware, Sept. 4tb, 1855. J 
 
 To the President of the Howard Association, Norfolk. 
 
 Dear Sir : — The undersigned having been appointed the President or 
 Chairman of a Relief Committee composed of 25 of our most responsible 
 citizens at the public meeting, held pursuant to the call herewith enclosed, 
 and directed to address you in order to ascertain : 1st, If the pestilence is 
 still on the increase in your city. 2d, Whether pecuniary or medical aid, 
 nurses, &c, are most needed, and, 3d, Through what channel our " Aid" 
 would reach you soonest. I would say please favor me with an answer 
 to the above interrogations by return mail. 
 
 Permit me to say that we trust that he who " tempers the wind to the 
 shorn lamb," " and who doeth all things well," may in his wisdom see fit 
 to turn aside from you this dreadful visitation, and further, that we are 
 desirous to render all the relief that lays in our power, remembering that 
 we know not how soon we may need the same kind offices we now seek 
 to render to others of our fellow-creatures. In haste, with high considera- 
 tions of respect, I am, dear sir, Your obedient servant, 
 
 [Signed.] WM. B. WIGGINS, 
 
 Mayor of Wilmington. 
 
73 
 
 Mayor's Office, Wilmington, Aug. 31, 1855. 
 
 Citizens of Wilmington: — While we are enjoying t\\e inestimable 
 blessings of health, prosperity and happiness, the inhabitants of Norfolk 
 and Portsmouth, Virginia, are suffering from that dreaded scourge, the 
 yellow fever, and up to the latest advices the pestilence is on the increase, 
 and a loud call is made upon us for pecuniary and medical aid, which 
 should not pass unheeded. Here in our own loved land, the interest of 
 every man is recognised to be the interest of his fellow, and while he suc- 
 cors and protects his fellow-citizens, he is practising upon principles which 
 are the honor and safeguard of his country. 
 
 Inspired with the spirit of this noble sentiment, a number of our citi- 
 zens have requested that I should officially call a public meeting at the 
 City Hall, for the purpose of making arrangements by which we may as- 
 sist in affording relief to the sick and suffering of Norfolk and Portsmouth. 
 I therefore earnestly invite my fellow-citizens to assemble at the City Hall 
 on Monday evening, September 3d, at half past 7 o'clock, for the purpose 
 mentioned, feeling satisfied that this call will be promptly responded to. 
 
 [Signed.] WM. B. WIGGINS, Mayor. 
 
 Richmond, Sept. 3rd, 1855. 
 
 To the Chairman of the Howard Association, of Norfolk, Ya. 
 
 Dear Sir : — I hand you a check on the Bank of Norfolk, for fifty- 
 eight dollars, thirty-two cents. This money has been collected by the 
 children of Trinity Church Sabbath-school, (for the benefit of the orphans 
 of your city,) and handed to me with the request that I would forward it 
 to you as Chairman of the Howard Association. My dear sir, accept this 
 money as an expression of the sympathy of these children for the desti- 
 tute and suffering orphans of your city, distribute it as you may think best, 
 and be assured of our heart felt sympathy and earnest prayers for your- 
 self, and the suffering of your afflicte dfellow citizens. May God speedily 
 restore your city to health, prosperity, and happiness. Respectfully, 
 [Signed.] T. W. PEMBERTON, Sup. Trinity Church S. School. 
 
 To the Hon. City Council, Norfolk, Va. 
 
 Gentlemen: — Please honor me by accepting the enclosed amount of 
 money, with my deepest regrets, that I can contribute no farther at pre- 
 sent to the poor sufferers of your city. [Signed.] A BOY. $12. 
 
 Arlington House, August 31st, 1855. 
 
 Mr Bear Sir: — May I ask your kindness to forward the enclosed hum- 
 ble contribution of $10. to Norfolk in aid of the sufferers of the three ci- 
 ties? I wrote to the late worthy Mayor Woodis some time ago, offering 
 my property at Smith's Island, as a spot for an encampment for those 
 flying from the pestilence, and seeking a wholesome place of refuge. Not 
 having received any answer to my letter, I presume it must have been left 
 unanswered among other letters addressed to the lamented functionary du- 
 ring his last illnes3. I repeat my offer. Smith's Island lies in the ocean 
 immediately off Cape Charles, and adjacent to the county of Northamp- 
 ton, eastern shore of Virginia, and has always been considered a location 
 peculiarly healthful. I shall be most happy if Smith's Island can con- 
 tribute in any wise to the relief, comfort, or benefit of the afflicted of the 
 
74 
 
 three cities, and gladly offer it to them for such purposes, "without money, 
 and without price." I pray you, my dear sir, to excuse the liberty I have 
 taken (a perfect stranger) in addressing you, and accept assurance of the 
 respect with which I have the honor to be, Your obedient servant, 
 [Signed.] GEORGE W. P. CUSTIS. 
 
 Raleigh, Sept. 4th, 1855. 
 The President of the Howard Association, of Norfolk. 
 
 Dear Sir: — A barrel of flour will be sent hence to-morrow by mail 
 train, addressed to the " Howard Association, Norfolk," to be distributed 
 by you among the suffering poor of your city. It is the contribution of 
 Major W. P. Collins of this city. Should his mite be the means of alle- 
 viating the distress of a single one of your afflicted citizens, he will be 
 truly rejoiced. 
 
 There is a deep and heartfelt sympathy in your affliction felt here. 
 Nearly one thousand dollars have been raised here for the sufferers in 
 Norfolk, Portsmouth, and Gosport. More will be cheerfully given, if 
 needed. 
 
 Your affliction is, indeed, a most awful one, and awakens the liveliest 
 emotions of grief in the hearts of all. May God, in his infinite mercy, re- 
 lieve your distress. 
 
 Hoping that the Major's contribution will reach you promptly, I remain, 
 with the deepest and most heartfelt sympathy in your affliction, 
 
 Yours truly, JAS. J. IREDELL. 
 
 Annapolis, Md., September 4th, 1855. 
 Treasurer of the Howard Association, Norfolk, Va. 
 
 Dear Sir: — I am directed by order of the Division of the " Sons of Tem- 
 perance of Annapolis," over which I had the honor of presiding, to forward 
 the sum of Forty Dollars as an offering for the alleviation of the destitute 
 of Norfolk, and those of your sister city Portsmouth, with whom you will 
 please share equally. 
 
 Though the offering is small, it is laden with the universal sympathy of 
 our body, and in placing it upon the altar of humanity, we only regret that 
 we cannot bestow the balm of consolation to the many bruised heads which 
 surround you, but may the God who has afflicted you, in mercy heal. 
 
 As far and wide as the knowledge of your distress has reached, the 
 chord of sympathy has been touched, and holy hands have been lifted up 
 to heaven to stay the destroyer's power ; that your sorrowing heads may 
 be bound up, and tears wiped from every eye. 
 
 Hoping we may conduce in some degree to the relief of the sufferings 
 of Norfolk, and Portsmouth, I beg you, sir, to receive my condolence and 
 regard. Very respectfully, [Signed.] WM. MC'NEIR. 
 
 Worthy Patriarch Division, No. 10. Sons of Temperance. 
 
 P. S. You will please acknowledge the receipt of the enclosed, as I 
 wish to file it with the archives of the Division. 
 
 Farmers Br. Bank, Va., at Farmville, Prince Edward Co., Va. ) 
 
 Sept. 4th, 1855. j 
 
 To the President of the Howard Association, Norfolk. 
 
 Dear Sir: — Enclosed you will find a check of A. Vaughan, Esq., 
 Cashier, on the Farmers Bank at Richmond, for the sum of three hundred 
 
75 
 
 and seventy-six dollars, and forty cents, being the first instalment of col- 
 lections deposited at this office to be sent to your Association. Will you do 
 us the favor to divide the amount between the cities of Norfolk and Ports- 
 mouth, in proportion to the population of the two places? 
 
 Our people feel it to bo a privilege and a duty to contribute to relieve 
 the sufferings of your afflicted community. 
 
 Hoping that God will in his mercy arrest the ravages of disease, and 
 restore our brethren to health, I am, dear sir, truly yours, 
 
 [Signed.] F. N. W ATKINS. 
 
 Richmond, Sept. 7th, 1855. 
 To his Honor, the Mayor of Norfolk. 
 
 Sir:— -Enclosed, I send you a copy of the proceedings of a meeting of 
 the citizens of Richmond, the largest I have ever seen assembled in this 
 city. It was unanimous in the adoption of the resolutions. There is 
 but one heart here, and it is to do everything that can be a"one for vour 
 relief. The committee of thirteen met this morning. I enclose two of 
 their resolutions, and also solicit your immediate action on the subject. 
 This is no occasion for form or ceremony. We have the ability, and beg 
 the privilege of offering you all human relief. Send a committee to con- 
 fer with us as to what is best to be done. I am, most respectfully, vour 
 obedient servant, [Signed.] JOSEPH MAYO, Mayor. 
 
 Richmond, Sept. 7th, 1855. 
 
 To the Mayor of Norfolk. 
 
 Dear Sir: — The following resolution was to-day adopted, by the joiut 
 committee referred to in the enclosed communication of our Mayor, and the 
 undersigned were appointed a committee to carry its directions into ex- 
 ecution. "Resolved, that a committee of four be appointed to purchase 
 and forward such provisions to Norfolk and Portsmouth, as in their opin- 
 ion are immediately required, and that they be further instructed to cor- 
 respond with the mayors of those cities, and ascertain what supplies are 
 most needed, and to request them to make daily requisitions upon us." 
 In accordance with this resolution, and at the request of the committee 
 from Hampton, we shall send by to-morrow's boat six horses for the use 
 of your physicians, (three of them for Portsmouth,) together with a sup- 
 ply of provender for the horses, as well as a number of other articles, a 
 list of which will be sent by the captain of the boat. We are exceedingly 
 anxious to have the privilege of contributing in any manner you may 
 designate to the relief of your suffering people. Please let your wants be 
 immediately made known to us, and we will daily send you all that you 
 require. Do not hesitate to draw largely on us, and to send us at once a 
 list of any articles you want. We will contribute in goods or money as 
 you may desire. We hope to hear from you by the return of mail. 
 Respectfully yours, [Signed.] THOS DODAMEAD. 
 
 H. K. ELLYS N. 
 
 " JNO. M. GREGORY. 
 
 " DAVID J. SAUNDERS. 
 
 Public Meeting. 
 
 At the request of the Mayor, a large and highly respectable meeting 
 of the citizens was held at Metropolitan Hall, yesterday afternoon, to take 
 steps for the relief of the sufferers by yellow fever in Norfolk and Ports- 
 
76 
 
 mouth. The meeting was called to order by Judge Win. W. Crump, on 
 whose motion Joseph Mayo, Esq., the Mayor of the city, was called to the 
 chair, and Mr. Thos. TJ. Dudley was appointed Secretary. 
 
 The Mayor, on taking the chair, addressed the meeting at length, in 
 one of the most feeling, effective, and appropriate speeches that we ever 
 listened to ; at the conclusion of which, he offered the following reso- 
 lutions, which after a spirited discussion were adopted: Whereas, it ap- 
 pears from the fearful progress and malignant character of the pestilence 
 now devastating Norfolk and Portsmouth, that nothing short of the re- 
 moval of the population will stay its ravages ; therefore, Resolved, That 
 a committee of thirteen be appointed to devise means for the attainment 
 of that object, and especially for the transportation, and maintenance of 
 such of the indigent and afflicted of those cities as may desire shelter 
 in a healthful location. Resolved, That said committee be authorized to 
 appoint such sub-committees as they may think proper. Resolved, That 
 said committee be instructed to communicate at once to the Howard As- 
 sociations of Norfolk and Portsmouth, and to the mayors of said towns, 
 that they are requested to send up such persons here as they may think 
 proper to confer with the above committee as to what is best to be done 
 in the premises, hereby requesting the said committee to act promptly, 
 and to incur any expense which they may deem judicious for the benefit 
 of the citizens of Portsmouth and Norfolk. The resolutions, on being put 
 to vote, were adopted, and the chairman instructed to appoint the com- 
 mittee. Whereupon the following gentlemen were appointed said com- 
 mittee: 
 
 Committee, Dr. Robt. Archer, Wellington Goddin, Luther Libby, 
 Thomas Dodamead, Wm. H. Hascall, Charles Ellett, H. K Ellyson, Geo. 
 W. Munford, John M. Gregory, Jas. A. Cowardin, John P. Ballard, Dan- 
 iel H. London, John S. Caskie. 
 
 On motion of Mr. John H Gilmer, Joseph Mayo, Esq , the Mayor of 
 the city, was appointed chairman of the committee of thirteen. Henry 
 K. Ellyson, Esq., offered the following resolutions, which, after being dis- 
 cussed at length, were adopted: Resolved, that the President of the City 
 Council be requested immediately to call a meeting of that body for the 
 purpose of appointing a committee on the part of the Council, to co-ope- 
 rate with the committee of citizens just appointed. Resolved, That the 
 Council are hereby earnestly requested to make such appropriations from 
 the City Treasury, as may be'necessary to carry out the objects of the 
 resolutions, adopted by this meeting. There being no other business, the 
 meeting then adjourned. 
 
 Petersburg, Sept. 8th, 1855. 
 James A. Saunders, Esq., Sec. Howard Association, Norfolk, Va. 
 
 My Dear Sir: — My friend Mr. Jas. Mcllwaine, of the firm of Paul & 
 Mcllwaine, and myself, yesterday resolved ourselves into a committee to 
 solicit aid from our fellow citizens in behalf of your stricken city, and up 
 to this time we have realized a little over $1500. 
 
 This amount will be somewhat increased on Monday, but many of our 
 wealthiest citizens are absent. 
 
 Believing, from the accounts that reach us, that we should best serve 
 you thereby, we have made arrangements to send to you by steamer of 
 Monday, 30 barrels bread, 25 barrels crackers, 8 barrels bacon, 2 barrels 
 rice, and we hope to add some chickens. 
 
 Please advise us at once how we shall dispose of the balance. 
 
77 
 
 We will remit the money, or gladly disburse it here in any way you 
 may direct. 
 
 With sincere, heartfelt sympathy for you all, I am, in haste, your friend, 
 
 [Signed.] HENRY C. HARDY. 
 
 Baltimore, Sept, 11th, 1855. 
 
 Dear Sir : — I send per steamboat this P. M. one box marked "Presi- 
 dent of the Howard Association, Norfolk," containing seventy garments 
 for the children of Norfolk and Portsmouth equally. This is the result 
 of the labors of a party of young ladies, assembled yesterday for the 
 purpose of contributing something for the relief of the destitute and suf- 
 fering. 
 
 May God grant that others may be induced to follow their example, 
 and thus assist in adding to the comfort of the orphan. 
 
 Very respectfully, [Signed.] JOSEPH A. THOMAS. 
 
 If not too much trouble, may I ask an acknowledgment of the receipt 
 of above? 
 
 To the President of the Howard Association. 
 
 Mountain House, Catskill, Sep. 10th, 1855. 
 Hon. Mayor Woodis. 
 
 Sir: — The undersigned being disposed to tender their services, if de- 
 sirable, on this occasion of the visitation of the fearful pestilence now 
 wasting your city, beg leave to make application to your Honor, and lay 
 their case before you. 
 
 We are desirous to know whether in the present emergency your citi- 
 zens would esteem our labors, and regard our efforts with due considera- 
 tion. 
 
 We are still young, yet not destitute of experience. We are graduates 
 of the Female Medical College of Philadelphia, and refer you to the 
 faculty of that institution for information as to our character and endow- 
 ments. It is our desire to be serviceable in so far as we shall have ability, 
 in the case of the unfortunate, and the suffering. 
 
 In case of acceptance of our proposal, please to signify to us the ex- 
 penses which" we shall be obliged to encounter. Though not rich in 
 money, we think that we possess devotion and enthusiasm which will 
 enable us to be of service to you in the period of calamity. 
 
 Please answer by telegraph to Dr. Wilder, Albany. 
 
 Yours respectfully, [Signed,] MARY E. SMITH. 
 
 S. S.NIVISON. 
 
 For reference, further: — Hon. V. M. Rice, Albany; Ex-Mayor 0. G. 
 Steele, Buffalo ; Ex-Mayor Col. Viele, Buffalo ; Samuel Gregory, M. D., 
 Boston; Dr. G. H. Lee, Barre, Massachusetts; Dr. N. Nivison, Hector, 
 New York ; Rev. Mr. Fillmore, Elmira, New York. 
 
 Brondon, Sep. 10th, 1855. 
 N. C. Whitehead, Esq., Mayor of Norfolk. 
 
 Dear Sir : — A few days ago, I remitted to you a small amount through 
 Thos. Branch & Sons of Petersburg, for the sufferers around you, but the 
 most heart-rending accounts from your afflicted city impel me to send you 
 the above check, also to be applied to the same purpose. May God in his 
 mercy soon stay the progress of the dreadful malady that is desolating 
 
78 
 
 your fair city. The great interest I take in the matter will, I hope, ex- 
 cuse the following suggestions. Fire is, undoubtedly one of the greatest 
 purifiers of the atmosphere known ; and it is said that in the fourteenth 
 century, when that most horrible pestilence raged so fearfully in Europe, 
 ■which was known as the Black Death, that one of the popes (Clement 
 X. I believe) managed to escape by staying in a room heated by a fire, 
 night and day. Now, might it not be well to keep constant fires in all 
 the houses that are occupied during the prevalence of the yellow fever — 
 and might it not be well to burn tar barrels about the city ? 
 With high respect, your obedient servant, 
 
 [Signed.] WM. B. HARRISON. 
 
 Nag's Head Hotel, N. C, ) 
 September 10th, 1855. J 
 President, Howard Association, Norfolk, Ya. 
 
 Dear Sir : — Feeling a deep and heartfelt sympathy for the poor disease- 
 stricken citizens of the city of Norfolk and Portsmouth, I have con- 
 cluded to offer to all who may avail themselves of the privilege, a place 
 of refuge and safety from the ravages of the disease, now devouring them 
 in such large numbers. On the first of October next, the season will close 
 at Nag's Head Hotel, and after that date, I will most cheerfully throw 
 open the doors of my hotel to all who wish to escape from the disease now 
 prevailing in your cities. I have ample accommodations for 250 persons, 
 and all I ask of the Association is to furnish me with means to maintain 
 them during their stay at my house. In connection with the boarders at 
 my hotel, and the Episcopal congregation at this place, I have succeeded 
 in raising the sum of near $150, which is at your disposal; and I thought 
 I would suggest the idea, whether or not the money should be forwarded 
 or appropriated for provisions, &c, and forwarded to your office. Allow 
 me to express the hope that my offer will be accepted by your people, and 
 assure them that the kindest attention will be shown them upon their ar- 
 rival at my hotel. With the profoundest hope that your city may soon be 
 relieved of its direful calamity, I remain, most respectfully, 
 
 Your obedient servant, 
 [Signed.] ALEX. E. JACOBS, Prop'tr., Nag's Head Hotel. 
 
 WALTER J. ALLEN, Clerk. 
 
 Lexington, Ky., Sep. 12th, 1855. 
 
 To the Howard Association, Norfolk, Ya. 
 
 Gentlemen : — With a heart overflowing with sympathy for the people, 
 whom the Lord hath permitted to be stricken with a sore plague, I ven- 
 ture to send for the use of the physicians and nurses, a small quantity of 
 " Burrowes' Lexington Mustard ;" owing to its demand in the southern 
 country in yellow fever and cholera, I hope it may prove equally benefi- 
 cial to the sick in Yirginia. My calls for it, south, at present, prevent 
 me from sending a larger quantity ; should it be acceptable, I shall be 
 happy to duplicate it. Hoping, most sincerely, that the plague may be 
 stayed, I beg to subscribe myself, Manufacturer of 
 
 "BURROWES' LEXINGTON MUSTARD." 
 
 Frederick Female Seminary, Frederick city, Md., Sep. 12, 1855. 
 President of the Howard Association of Norfolk, Ya. 
 Dear Sir: — The joung ladies of this .institution, sympathizing deeply 
 
79 
 
 in the affliction of our sister cities, desire me to forward to you the sum of 
 one hundred and thirteen dollars, and twenty-five cents, which they have 
 raised for the relief of those who are suffering from the pestilence in Nor- 
 folk and Portsmouth. Enclosed, please find my check for the amount 
 ($113.25). With the hope that the destroying angel may soon pass away 
 from your cities, and that health may again smile on you, I am, sir, with 
 great respect and deep sympathy, Yours truly, 
 
 [Signed.] H. WINCHESTER. 
 
 Mayor's Office, Chicago, Sep. 12th, 1855. 
 To his Honor, the Acting Mayor of Norfolk, Ya. 
 
 Dear Sir: — Please find draft for $1500.06 enclosed in favor of the 
 Howard Association of your city, and with it please accept assurances 
 of the sincere sympathy of our citizens for your afflicted city. Our citizens 
 had a meeting last evening (the proceedings of which I herewith enclose), 
 and the present remittance is the result of this day's collection. I shall 
 hope to forward additional sums from time to time, should your city con- 
 tinue (as I pray it may not) to require such aid. With assurances of high 
 regard and personal sympathy, I am, dear sir, 
 
 Your obedient servant, 
 [Signed.] L. D. BOONE, Mayor. 
 
 Chicago, 111. 
 Meeting of sympathy with Norfolk and Portsmouth sufferer?. 
 
 Pursuant to the call through the press, a number of citizens assembled 
 at South Market hall, last evening, for the purpose of expressing sym- 
 pathy for the sufferers at Norfolk and Portsmouth. 
 
 On motion of J. B. F. Russell, the meeting was organized by electing 
 his honor, Mayor L. D. Boone President, and the appointment of J. S. 
 Wright, Esq., Secretary. Mayor Boone addressed the meeting upon the 
 terrible calamity which had befallen the afflicted cities, and hoped the 
 aciion of the people of Chicago would be fitting to the occasion. J. C. 
 Vaughn of the Tribune made a brief address and suggested that a com- 
 mittee be appointed in each Ward of the city to call for contributions. 
 J. B. F. Russell offered a series of Resolutions. J. W. Waughop, Esq., 
 who is a native of Portsmouth, made a brief address, and sugggested that 
 a committee on resolutions should be appointed. The Chair appointed 
 Messrs. Russell, Waughop, and Vaughn the committee. 
 
 Addresses were made by J. Y. Seammon, Esq., Rev. Dr. Smallwood, 
 and Daniel Mclllroy, Esq., in spirited appeals to the people, to act most 
 promptly and generously for the relief of their brethren bowed down 
 under the most heart-rending distress. The committee reported the fol- 
 lowing resolutions, which were adopted. The Mayor appointed the fol- 
 lowing committee: — 1st Ward, Thomas P.Bryant; 2nd Ward, Col. J- 
 B. F. Russell ; 3d Ward, D. R. Holt; 4th Ward, J. C. Authet ; 5th Ward, 
 0. W. Noble; 6th Ward, John Noble; 7th Ward, F. H. Thwing; 8th 
 Ward, F. H. Benson ; 9th Ward, F. Hatheway. 
 
 A. W. Windett moved that the committee be instructed to publish daily 
 a statement of contributions. The motion was seconded by Dr. C. Y. 
 Dyer, and after considerable discussion, was carried. In consequence of 
 the deep affliction which has visited the cities of Norfolk and Portsmouth 
 by a dreadful pestilence unparalleled in the history of the ravages of 
 yellow fever in our country, and so rapidly decimating the remnant of the 
 population of those afflicted cities, the citizens of Chicago have met together 
 
80 
 
 to express their heartfelt sympathies, and to offer to the afflicted of those 
 plague-siricke-n cities material aid. Resolved, That a relief committee 
 of nine, one from each ward in the city, be appointed to solicit subscrip- 
 tions in aid of the common objects of this meeting. Resolved, That all 
 moneys so raised for the sick and suffering, be promptly forwarded by the 
 Mayor as collected, for the benefit of the inhabitants of Norfolk and Ports- 
 mouth,^ be addressed to that glorious band known as the Howard Asso- 
 ciation, or the acting Mayor. Resolved, That the city clergy be invited 
 tcmake collections in their respective houses of worship on the next 
 sabbath-day for the benefit of said sufferers. Resolved, That those physi- 
 cians and women who have so heroically hastened to the relief of the 
 sufferers from the cities and towns of healthy locations, to meet and stay 
 the ravages of the fatal destroyer, elicit our highest admiration. 
 
 Resolved, That the chairman of this meeting appoint the above named 
 committee. 
 
 Washington Co., Va., Sept. 17th, 1855. 
 
 Having heard of the affliction which God hath sent upon you, and 
 knowing the distresses which generally follow calamities, I liberally 
 contribute my mite. Though a ten cent piece is small, it is every cent I 
 possess in this world, and it may help in buying some nourishment for 
 some of the many orphans who are parentless and crying for relief. 
 
 Your servant, [Signed.] ROB. 
 
 N. B : — This contribution is small, it is true, though it is much to 
 the giver, it being his all, he being a slave belonging to a man residing 
 in Washington Co., Va. ; he is a very pious negro and minister of the 
 gospel. I believe he contributed the mite through the purest motives of 
 sympathy. GLADE SPRING. 
 
 Baltimore, Sep. 13th, 1855. 
 To the Howard Association of Norfolk. 
 
 Gentlemen : — You have been already informed that the House of Re- 
 fuge buildings (never yet occupied for their intended purpose,) have been 
 offered by its board of managers for the destitute orphans of your city. 
 You may also have learned that we have tendered our services for the 
 management of the temporary asylum. Our object in addressing you is 
 not only to renew this offer directly to the authorities of your city, but 
 also to request that you gratify us by stating definitely, whether it is your 
 intention to accept our proffered aid, and if so, what number of children 
 we may expect to have in charge, and when we may anticipate their ar- 
 rival in Baltimore. The warm heart of our community pulsates in deep 
 sympathy with your affliction, and particularly would our own sex esteem 
 it a grateful duty to extend to you the hand of help in this your hour of 
 sorrow. 
 
 May we ask of you, gentlemen, an answer to this note at your very 
 earliest opportunity, so that, if requisite, we continue arrangements at 
 once, commenced upon the first appeal for help, but now held in suspense 
 from the uncertainty of your determination? 
 
 Very respectfully, [Signed.] MARGT. T. PURVIANCE. 
 
 On behalf of the committee of Ladies of Baltimore. 
 
 Office of the Knickerbocker Ice Co., 103 Canal st. ") 
 
 New York, Sep. 13th, 1855. j 
 Wm. H. Mact, Esq., Treas. 
 
 Dear Sir : — At a meeting of the board of trustees of this company held 
 
81 
 
 this day, it was unanimously resolved to place at your disposal a cargo of 
 ice (from 100 to 200 tons) for the relief of the afflicted and suffering inhabi- 
 tants of Norfolk and Portsmouth. 
 
 Believing that our proffered gift may afford valuable and essential re- 
 lief to those suffering from the fatal scourge, and, that it may aid in stay- 
 ing the ravages of the pestilence, which has almost depopulated those ill 
 fated towns, we are most happy, in behalf of our company, to offer you 
 the above resolution, for your acceptance. 
 
 Very respectfully, your obedient servants, 
 [Signed.] R. T. CUMPTON. Pres. 
 
 WM. J. WILCOX, Sec. 
 
 Engineer Office, Richmond & York R. R. R. ] 
 Richmond, Sep. 15th, 1855. j 
 
 To W. A. Ferguson, President of the Howard Association. 
 
 Dear Sir: — On Tuesday, the 25th inst., the steam boat W. W. Townes, 
 Capt. Drew, will leave Walkerton on the Mataponi river, and will make 
 all the landings of that and the York river to receive on board the contribu- 
 tions of the citizens of the counties bordering on those streams, intended for 
 the relief of your afflicted city and her equally desolated sister Portsmouth. 
 The Quarantine laws of Petersburg, where the "Townes" belongs, not 
 permitting her to enter within your own limits, I have to request (as I 
 shall make the trip in her, the Capt. not knowing the rivers) that she bo 
 met early on Wednesday morning at the light boat off Crony Island by 
 the Princess Ann or a barge, to which her freight may be transferred. 
 I take occasion to report to you the generous conduct of Messrs. Pannill & 
 Carter the owners of the Townes, who, upon application, at once placed 
 their boat at my disposal, refusing aU'compensation ; as also of the captain 
 and crew who volunteered their services. Expressing my own heartfelt 
 sympathy in your present affliction, I remain, 
 
 Respectfully yours, [Signed.] T. S. CLAXTON. 
 
 Mayor's Office, Harrisonburg, Va., Sep. 18th, 1855. 
 To the President of Howard Association, Norfolk, Va. 
 
 Dear Sir: — The citizens of Harrisonburg, Va., have contributed the 
 sum of $465.50, for the relief of the sufferers of Norfolk and Portsmouth. 
 Enclosed, you will find a check for half that amount, — ($232.75,) the 
 other half I have forwarded to Portsmouth. 
 
 You will please acknowledge the receipt of the sum through the columns 
 of the Baltimore Sun, or by letter to me. 
 
 Your friend, verv respectfully, 
 [Signed.] Q. C. STERLING, Mayor. 
 
 P. S. — $100 of the above sum was appropriated by the Masonic Lodge 
 of this place. O. C S. 
 
 Richmond, Sept. 20th, 1855. 
 
 My Dear Friend : — I enclose a check for $28 50, half of $57, a sum 
 raised by a juvenile fair held in this city for the benefit of the orphans 
 of Norfolk and Portsmouth. The paragraph attached to this note will 
 explain the matter, and give the names of the little girls who held this 
 fair. Please give this mite the desired destination. I have no heart to 
 indulge a pleasantry which I might do, were I writing at any other time, 
 for I feel as though I had a dear relative on every square of your devoted 
 
82 
 
 city. Sinner as I am, I pray for you and your afflicted people. May God 
 in his mercy spare them further affliction. Very truly and sincerely, 
 
 your friend and servant, [Signed.] J. A. COWARDIN. 
 
 Aid fob the orphans. Some very small girls, bless their little hearts ! 
 have been holding a fair "for the benefit oif the orphans of Norfolk and 
 Portsmouth," in a room on Governor street. Monday night they closed their 
 miniature fair, and ascertained that they had made the very respectable sum 
 of $57. They have sent this sum to us, with a very pretty note penned by 
 one of their own little hands, in which we are requested to forward the money. 
 They conclude by expressing their sorrow that " the sum is so small." 
 The names of these dear little creatures are, Margaret L. Mayer, Kate C. 
 Simons, Rosa Belvin, Sallie C. Belvin, and V. Wendlinger. They have 
 heard of their little brothers and sisters of Norfolk and Portsmouth, and 
 have held forth their tiny hands to help them. For their act they will 
 get credit in the books above, with a long time to run at interest before 
 they appear for settlement; and if they will half shut their eyes after go- 
 ing to bed o'nights, they may see pretty faces and bright eyes hovering 
 above them to bless them for their kindness to the bereaved little ones, 
 who survive the plague. 
 
 New York, Sept. 15th, 1855. 
 
 Esq., President of the Howard Association, Norfolk. 
 
 Dear Sir : — Please find enclosed bill of L. for 12 barrels bottled porter, 
 marked Howard Association, Norfolk, Va. 4 of the barrels are marked 
 quarts, and 8 marked pints. I hope it may be of some service to the sick 
 and weary in your vicinity, in your truly suffering condition. Messrs. 
 Ludlom & Pleasant's Line carry it free of charge. It will give me plea- 
 sure to be advised of its safe arrival. Very respectfully, yours, 
 [Signed.] SAML. MILLBANK 70 Madison, New York. 
 
 Charleston, 20th Sept. 1855. 
 Wm. B. Ferguson, Esq., President of the Howard Association, of Norfolk. 
 
 Dear Sir: — I have this day forwarded by Adams & Co's Express, a box 
 of clothing, and herein enclose Henry Frescott, Cashier's draft on the 
 Farmers & Planters' Bank, Baltimore, for fifty dollars. 
 
 These were accompanied by the following letters, addressed to me as 
 chairman of the committee for forwarding nurses, &c, for Portsmouth and 
 Norfolk. Viz : — 
 
 " The ladies of the Hebr3w congregations of this city, beg leave to ten- 
 der through you to the chairman of the Howard Association, of Norfolk, 
 the accompanying box of clothing made by themselves, containing 48 
 dresses, 43 chemises, 38 shirts, 24 prs. pantaloons, 22 flannel shirts, 21 
 skirts, 72 pocket handkerchiefs, 31 pr. stockings, 14 prs. shoes and bootees, 
 19 tunics, 17 jackets, 10 prs. pantalets, 18 prs. drawers, 6 undershirts, 2 
 suits, 36 pr. socks ; also the enclosed fifty dollars, the surplus remaining 
 after the material purchased had been manufactured. 
 
 " They most respectfully request, sir, that the same may be promptly for- 
 warded to the chairman before mentioned, to be, by him, distributed 
 among the orphans of Norfolk and Portsmouth." 
 
 I need scarcely add, that I feel privileged in being made the organ of 
 administering to the relief of the sufferings of my afflicted neighbors of 
 Norfolk and Portsmouth. 
 
 Praying that God will ere long stay the hand of the destroying angel, 
 
83 
 
 and that you may be spared to receive the gratitude of your fellow citi- 
 zens for the laborious and faithful services rendered in the hour of the 
 severe trials, I am, dear sir, yours, very respectfully, 
 
 [Signed.] GEO. M. COFFIN, Chairman. 
 
 Mayor's Office, City of Salem, Sept. 24th, 1855. 
 
 Dear Sir : — Enclosed please find Win. H. Foster, Cashier's check on 
 Exchange Bank, Norfolk, for two hundred and fifty-eight dollars, and 
 thirty-two cents, also his check on Branch Bank of Virginia, Petersburg, 
 for three hundred and sixty-two dollars, and twenty-eight cents, making 
 an aggregate of six hundred and twenty dollars, and sixty cents, the same 
 being the balance of funds contributed by our citizens for the relief of 
 your afflicted citizens. In conformity to a vote of our committee, author- 
 izing an equal distribution of the funds in their hands, to the cities of 
 Norfolk and Portsmouth, I have transmitted to the Sanitary Committee 
 of Portsmouth, a like amount. As the organ of the committee, it gives 
 me great pleasure to state that all classes of our fellow citizens have mani- 
 fested the warmest sympathy for your community in the great calamity 
 which i3 desolating them. Unsolicited, many of them have come forward, 
 asking the privilege of contributing, and all have been eager to do what 
 they could to alleviate the sufferings of your citizens. Trusting that the 
 aid which, through their recognition of the claims of a common humanity, 
 we have been enabled to forward, will do something towards relieving 
 the poor of your city in this their hour of affliction, and indulging the 
 hope of the speedy restoration of your citizens to their accustomed health, 
 
 I remain, very truly, your obedient servant. 
 
 [Signed.] JOSEPH ANDREWS, 
 
 Mayor of Salem, and chairman of the Relief Committee. 
 
 To the President, or Treasurer of the Howard Association, Norfolk, Va. 
 
 P. S. Please acknowledge the receipt of this. 
 
 Mayor's Office, Alexandria, Va. 25th Sept., 1855. 
 R. W. Bowden, Esq., President Howard Association, Norfolk. 
 
 My Dear Sir: — I had this pleasure last to your lamented Ferguson, to 
 which I have .no reply, my heart sickens at the cause. By to-morrow's 
 steamer, we will ship to Baltimore, 10 barrels soda, 10 water, 10 pilot 
 crackers, 1 qr. cask wine, 20 barrels corn meal, 10 boxes soap, 10 boxes 
 candles, of which you will retain one half, of each lot, for the sufferers of 
 your city, the other half for Portsmouth. 
 
 Please let me know if the articles sent are suitable, and if not, what 
 would be, as we have more to send you, and wish to lay the money out 
 in articles most acceptable, or send you the money if most needed ; let me 
 hear from you. May God in his mercy spare you and your people, and 
 arrest the disease with which you are afflicted, is the prayer of our peo- 
 ple, and of yours, most truly, [Signed.] GEO. P. WISE, Mayor. 
 
 Louisburg, Franklin County, N. C, Sep. 28th, 1855. 
 
 President of the Howard Association, Norfolk and Portsmouth. 
 
 In behalf of the citizens of Franklin County, N. C, I have the gratifica- 
 tion of tendering through you to the distressed of Norfolk and Portsmouth a 
 portion of their charity ; and beg of you to distribute it as their necessities 
 may require. To-day we sent by railroad, 12 barrels flour, and shall con- 
 tinue to forward the articles as they may be sent in. Allow me to in- 
 quire, what articles will be most acceptable? and we will endeavor to pro- 
 
84 
 
 cure them. Will potatoes be acceptable ? Our citizens have, and are daily 
 contributing money and provisions, which will be preferable? Shall we 
 continue to send both ? We shall be happy to do all in our power to re- 
 lieve you, and through you the distressed of your afflicted cities. Allow me 
 to- subscribe myself, with the kindest regard, Your obedient servant, 
 
 [Signed.] JOEL THOMAS, Cor. Sec, 
 
 Richmond, Sept. 27th, 1855. 
 
 Dear Sir: — The committee appointed by the citizens of Richmond, for 
 the relief of the suffering communities of Norfolk and Portsmouih, have 
 received continual contributions from our own citizens, and from other 
 parts of the state, for the benefit of the distressed. We have been daily 
 engaged in furnishing such supplies to each place as we deemed most es- 
 sential, but we would greatly prefer that you should designate the articles 
 which you consider of most use, whether they are delicacies for the sick, 
 or necessaries for the needy. We hope earnestly that you will not hesitate 
 to make requisitions upon us, for whatever you want. We will take plea- 
 sure in endeavoring to procure what you require, and promptly forward 
 it to whomsoever you may direct. It is not a time for hesitancy. We 
 will comply with your wishes with the utmost pleasure and alacrity. 
 Very truly, your friend and servant, 
 
 [Signed.] GEO. W. MUNFORD, Treasurer of the Relief Committee. 
 
 Warrenton, N. C, Female Collegiate Institute. 1 
 
 Sept. 26th, 1855. } 
 
 To the President of the Howard Association, Norfolk, Va. 
 
 Dear Sir: — This box contains 56 garments for children, made and pre- 
 sented to the destitute orphan children of your afflicted city, by the 
 young ladies of our Seminary. Please accept their, and our sincere sym- 
 pathy, and may God hear our prayers for you, in your great distress. 
 
 We are, yours truly, [Signed.] GRAVES & WILCOX. 
 
 Chief of Police, City Hall, Boston, Oct. 6th, 1855. 
 
 To the Treasurer of the Howard Association. 
 
 Dear Sir: — Enclosed you will please find a draft, for $165 25, in aid 
 of the Norfolk and Portsmouth sufferers. This amount was contributed 
 by the members of the Boston Police Department; and in their behalf, I 
 have the honor of transmitting the same, as a testimonial of their sympa- 
 thy for those of their fellow men upon whom the hand of affliction is so 
 heavily laid. Trusting that this remittance may be received as a guar- 
 anty of our heartfelt commiseration, and sincerely hoping that the depop- 
 ulating scourge with which you are visited may be suddenly stayed, I 
 have the honor to be, most respectfully, your obedient servant, 
 
 [Signed.] ROBERT TAYLOR, Chief of Police. 
 
 P. S. Please acknowledge the receipt of the draft, that we may be as- 
 sured of its safe arrival. 
 
 Newark, N. J., Oct. 6th, 1855. 
 
 Robert W. Bowden, Esq., Treasurer of the Howard Association, Norfolk, 
 
 Va. 
 
 Dear Sir : — Enclosed please find Certificate of Deposit in the Mechan- 
 ics' Bank of Newark, for $988 22, on account of the contributions of our 
 citizens, to the relief of the sufferers of Norfolk, Portsmouth, and Gosport. 
 We place this sum in your hands for expenditure, where in your opinion 
 
85 
 
 it is most needed. It was raised for the relief of the sufferers of the three 
 places. 
 
 Oa the 10th Sept., we forwarded to Mr. Sharp, President of the Ex- 
 change Bank of Virginia, a remittance of $1000 which we presume has 
 been duly received by you. Will you please to acknowledge the receipt 
 of this as soon after it reaches you, as your convenience and other duties 
 will permit ? And may God, in his mercy, soon restore your city to its 
 wonted health, and never again visit her with a like calamity. Truly, 
 and respectfully, 
 
 [Signed.] H. J. PORNIER, GEO. A HALSEY, JOHN A. NICHOLS, 
 THOMAS B. PEDDIE, SILAS MERCHANT, THOMAS W. DUiNSON, 
 PETER S. DARGEE. 
 
 Charlestown, Va. Oct. 12th, 1855. 
 R. W. Bowden, Esq. 
 
 Dear Sir: — I have just received a letter from a noble-hearted, and gen- 
 erous lady of Nicholas County, Ky./late a resident of this county, enclosing 
 a check for $100. with tho request that it should be applied to the benefit 
 of the orphan children of your death-stricken cities. Please give it this 
 direction, and may a righteous God add his blessing to this grateful offer- 
 ing of one of his most sincere and faithful followers. Very trulv, 
 
 [Signed.] N. S. SMITH. 
 
 Orange Court House, Oct. 10th, 1855. 
 To the President of the Howard Association, Norfolk, Va. 
 
 My Dear Sir: — Enclosed please find a check, for $144, which I desire 
 you to appropriate as therein designated, viz : two-thirds, to the sufferers for 
 the yellow fever in Norfolk, and one-third, to those who have suffered from 
 the scourge in Portsmouth. This sum has been recently contributed by 
 my congregation at this place. And you will please acknowledge the 
 same for St. Thomas' Church, Orange, Va. I rejoice to learn that the 
 epidemic, which has prevailed so alarmingly for some time past in Nor- 
 folk and Portsmouth, is now fast subsiding. God grant that you may never 
 again be visited by so fearful a scourge. May He who mixeth judgment 
 with mercy, bring great good out of the great evil. Among those who 
 have fallen, you have to number not a few of your best and choicest citi- 
 zens. Mysterious is this Providence ! Among the victims, were two of 
 my dear friends, the Rev. Messrs Jackson and Chisholm, the latter was or- 
 dained to the ministry at the same time I was. To know him was to love 
 him. Indeed, both were lovely in their lives, and in their death they 
 were not divided. 
 
 Deeply sympathizing with those who have been called to suffer, I re- 
 main, yours, very truly, [Signed.] J. EARNEST. 
 
 Marblehead, Oct. 1st, 1855. 
 Mr. Howard. 
 
 Dear Sir: — I enclose to you a draft for $125, being a collection taken 
 up in Old St. Michael's Church of this place, of which Rev. J. B. Rich- 
 mond is Rector, in behalf of the sufferers at Portsmouth and Norfolk, to 
 be used as you deem proper. Mrs. Wheeler and her daughter, husband, 
 and children are with us, and are well; we hope Dulton is daily improving. 
 Truly, and affectionately, your friend and brother, 
 
 [Signed.] JOHN B. RICHMOND. > 
 
 May God bless and preserve the members of the Howard Association, 
 to which you belong, and may your acts of mercy, charity, and love, be 
 
86 
 
 abundantly rewarded in the life that now is, and in that brighter one to 
 come. We have not ceased to pray for you all. J. B. R. 
 
 Gloucester Co., 6th Oct., 1855. 
 
 Dear Sir : — Acting under the resolutions adopted by a meeting of a 
 portion of the people of Gloucester Co., at the Court House thereof, on the 
 1st. instant, at which I was appointed Treasurer to receive and remit all 
 moneys contributed, and to forward the same, together with such other 
 sums as may be handed me hereafter, to the " Howard Association of the 
 city of Norfolk, and the Mayor of Portsmouth, in the proportion of one- 
 third to Portsmouth, and two-thirds to Norfolk," hereto I have annexed 
 by mail my check of this date, on the Farmers' Bank of Virginia, at 
 Fredricksburg, for $139 67, payable to your order, being two thirds of 
 $194 50, the amount contributed up to this time, and for your govern- 
 ment in the disposition to be made of this money. I copy the following 
 resolution adopted by the meeting : Resolved, That we leave it to the dis- 
 cretion of the Howard Association, and authorities of Norfolk and Ports- 
 mouth, to expend the amount to be forwarded by us, believing that they 
 are better able than ourselves to judge of the best mode of disposing 
 thereof. But it would be gratifying to us to know, that our contributions 
 had assisted the destitute children of the two towns, who have been made 
 orphans by the pestilence. Most deeply do I sympathize with our fellow 
 citizens in the towns above mentioned, under their severe affliction; and 
 it gives me great pleasure to be the medium of intercourse, selected to 
 carry out the wishes of my countrymen in the manner above indicated. 
 Do me the favor to acknowledge the receipt of the check mentioned by 
 letter, to my address, Gloucester Court House, and oblige your obedient 
 servant, [Signed.] WM. P. SMITH. 
 
 To President of the Howard Association, Norfolk, Va. 
 
 Cottage Home, N. C, Oct. 1st, 1855. 
 
 Dear Sir: — Enclosed you will find $42 25, which I have collected from 
 my two small churches, Unity, and Mackpelah, to aid the sufferers at Nor- 
 folk and Portsmouth. 
 
 I enclose it to you to be appropriated at the discretion of your benevo- 
 lent Association. Be kind enough to acknowledge the receipt of the re- 
 mittance, that I may satisfy my people of its safe transmission. Permit 
 me to assure you of my deep sympathy for your afflicted community, and 
 of my earnest prayers that God may in mercy stay the pestilence. If you 
 have the time to write, I should be pleased to know if there are any signs of 
 abatement, &c. May God sanctify his sore trials, and stay his heavy 
 judgments. Very truly, yours, [Signed.] E. II. MORRISON. 
 
 Brooklyn, Oct. 2nd, 1855. 
 
 The Brooklyn Female Employment Society send to you certain articles 
 of clothing, for the use of such persons in Norfolk and Portsmouth as 
 your Association may deem most in need of them. Though we have with 
 us many poor people, yet we know that your necessities are greater than 
 ours. While the fearful pestilence has stricken down so many among 
 you, no evil of a similar character has been allowed to come near our 
 dwellings. Our society is new, and our means are limited, but we trust 
 that our little contribution may be of some service, and that it will not be 
 the less acceptable for being accompanied by the expression of our deep 
 sympathy with you. [Signed.] MRS. THEO. ROMEYN, Secretary. 
 
 To the Howard Association of Norfolk and Portsmouth. 
 
87 
 
 New York, Oct. 4th, 1855. 
 
 Robert W. Bowden, Esq., President of the Howard Association. 
 
 Dear Sir : — Enclosed, I hand you a check on the Farmers' Bank of 
 your city, for the sum of $690 ; of which amount, $447 50 was contributed 
 by the passengers, officers, and crew of the Steamer George Law, on her 
 late voyage to and from Aspinwall, New Grenada, and $242 50, by the 
 citizens of Aspinwall, for the benefit of the sufferers from fever in your 
 afflicted city. Permit me to say, that each and all of them expressed to me 
 the deepest sympathy in the sufferings of the inhabitants ; and I must add, 
 it has been with pain and sorrow I have read the sad reports published 
 from day to day, of the distress and trouble among those with whom I 
 have passed so many happy days, and most sincerely do I sympathize in 
 their misfortunes. Trusting the above amount may relieve the wants of 
 some few, I remain, with respect, yours truly, 
 
 [Signed.] ALFRED G. GRAY. 
 
 Columbia, and Philadelphia Railroad. ) 
 Superintendent's Office, Parkersburg, Oct. 9th, 1855. j 
 
 To the Treasurer of the Howard Association, Norfolk, Va. 
 
 Dear Sir: — The enclosed amount, five hundred and five dollars, has 
 been contributed by the employees on this road, to assist in alleviating 
 the sufferings of the distressed citizens of Norfolk and Portsmouth. 
 
 It is the desire of the contributors, that the enclosed amount should be 
 proportionately divided between Norfolk and Portsmouth, agreeably to 
 the judgment of your Association. 
 
 I shall be pleased to have your acknowledgment of the receipt of the 
 within amount, at your earliest convenience. Very respectfully, yours, 
 [Signed.] JOSEPH B. BAKER, Superintendent. 
 
 Plymouth, Mass., Oct. 9th, 1855. 
 
 Dear Sir : — The Religious Societies of this town have held contribu- 
 tions, to add their mite towards alleviating the misery and destitution 
 occasioned by the pestilence, which has visited Norfolk and Portsmouth. 
 It is my cheerful duty to transmit to you, two hundred and twenty-nine 
 dollars, and twenty cents, ($229 20,) the amount so collected; you will 
 please send to the needy of Portsmouth one-third of the amount, such I 
 presume being the proportion which it would be proper to apply to their 
 use. 
 
 Accept, my dear sir, the heartfelt sympathy of our citizens for their 
 brethren in distress, and believe in the sincerity of their prayers, that the 
 hand of death may be soon lifted from your midst. Believe me, sir, your 
 obedient servant, 
 
 [Signed.] WM. T. DAVIS, one of the Board of Selectmen. 
 
 To H. W. Dowden, Esq., Norfolk, Va. 
 
 I remit the amount in the form of a check, No 203, drawn by J. N. 
 Stoddard, Cashier of Plymouth Bank, upon the American Exchange Bank, 
 New York. 
 
 Jersey City, Oct. 11th, 1855. 
 
 Dear Sir: — The inhabitants of Jersey City have raised $1,051 53, to- 
 wards the relief of the inhabitants of Norfolk and Portsmouth, rendered 
 destitute by the pestilence which is, or has been, raging among them. 
 The undersigned were appointed a committee to receive and forward those 
 
88 
 
 contributions, and in execution of that duty, send those funds to be dis- 
 tributed by the Howard Association. Enclosed you will find a Certificate 
 of Deposit, of that amount, $1,051 53, to the credit of your Treasurer, R. 
 W. Bowden, Esq., in the Mechanics & Hatters' Bank of this city, which 
 bringing New York prices, is the most available form in which we could ar- 
 range it. The contributions were made by the donors for those rendered 
 destitute, or in need, in both cities of Norfolk and Portsmouth. "We send 
 it to your Association to make such distribution of it between the two ci- 
 ties, as the cause of humanity over the objects of your Association may 
 dictate as proper. Accept our assurances of the deep sympathy felt by 
 our fellow citizens with the afflicted inhabitants of your city. Very re- 
 spectfully, yours, 
 
 [Signed.] A. 0. ZABRISKTE, ROBT. GILCHRIST, JOHN GRIF- 
 F1TT, and MINOT C. MORGAN, Committee. 
 
 To Solomon Cherry, Esq., Cor. Sec of Norfolk Howard Association. 
 
 Wofford College, Spartanburg, S. C, Oct. 1855. 
 
 I enclose a check on the Continental Bank of New York, No 500, for 
 $200, which you will please hand over to the Howard Association of your 
 city. I have delayed this long, hoping to have made my contribution 
 larger, and more in accordance with my feelings. Our salaries are paid 
 semiannually in July and January. I had disposed of mine before the 
 sad news reached me, my heart bleeds for my old home, every paper has 
 brought sadness to my heart, by the death of two or three, and even four 
 of my former pupils. My debt of gratitude to the dear old borough can 
 never be cancelled ; nineteen years did I spend th pre : longer than I lived 
 in the place of my nativity, and had many a kind friend and pupil, whose 
 faces I can never again see in this world. My God ! in the brief period 
 of three months, all whom I knew, swept into eternity. Since the stop- 
 page of the Norfolk Herald, the accounts I receive by the Richmond and 
 Petersburg papers, are scant and contradictory. Thank God ! you must 
 have had frost ere this. You may consider me as pledged for $30 more when 
 your banks pay dividends, in January next. My dear sir, I cannot tell 
 whether I ana to condole with you in the loss of some members of your 
 family, or rejoice at their escape, and thus it is with respect to many 
 others, having no reliable information. I will be in Norfolk this winter 
 if possible. I remain, yours truly, [Signed.] DAVID DUNCAN. 
 
 N. C. Whitehead, Esq., acting Mayor of Norfolk. 
 
 Wilmington, Delaware, Oct. 12th, 1855. 
 To R. W. Burden, Esq., Treasurer. 
 
 My Dear Sir : — Enclosed you will receive a draft from Bank of Dela- 
 ware, on Bank of North America, Philadelphia, for $594, contributed on 
 the part of the citizens of Wilmington, for the relief of the sufferers at 
 Norfolk, Va. In making this second remittance to you, I am desired by 
 my fellow citizens to express the deep and abiding sympathy they have 
 continued to feel, in common with the whole country for you in your afflic- 
 tion, and are now humbly trusting that circumstances are now occurring 
 which must arrest the progress of disease. Feeling a deep interest in 
 the orphanage which has resulted from this dispensation, should our small 
 contribution be not more required in some other channel of kindness, we 
 shall be happy to have any part thereof appropriated for the present, or 
 future comfort of these M little ones/' With great respect and kindness, 
 believe me truly, yours, 
 
 [S.gned.] II. T. ASKEW, Mayor, and Treasurer of Relief Fund. 
 
89 
 
 Baltimore, 26th Oct., 1855. 
 A. B. Cooke, Esq., President Howard Association, Norfolk. 
 
 Dear Sir: — Messrs, Duncan, Sberman, & Co., of New York, have au- 
 thorized me to draw on them for $500. for account of George Peabody, 
 Esq., in London, who desired to present that sum, " to be used for the 
 benefit and relief of the orphans" at Norfolk, Portsmouth, and Gosport, 
 Va. Be kind enough to inform me in what manner you are of opinion this 
 sum can best be distributed, in order to meet the wishes and instructions 
 of the liberal donor. Yours respectfully, 
 
 [Signed.] WM. H. BRUCE, Treasurer Norfolk &c fund. 
 
 St. Louis, 16th Oct., 1855. 
 Solomon Cherry, Esq., 
 
 Dkar Sia: — I am directed by the members of Polar Star Lodge of Ma- 
 sons, meeting in this city, to send you a check for $50, to be disposed of 
 by the Howard Association, for the relief of the sufferers of Norfolk and 
 Portsmouth. I accordingly inclose herein, E. W. Clark, & Bros/ draft 
 on Samuel Harris & Sons, Baltimore, for $50. This is a small testimo- 
 nial of the above Lodge's appreciation of your noble exertions on behalf 
 of the sick and distressed in the above mentioned cities. I wish to God 
 the amouot was larger, but the Lodge is far from being rich. Have the 
 kindness to acknowledge the receipt, and oblige yours sincerely in the 
 cause of suffering humanity, 
 
 [Signed.] JAS. WYKERHAM, Sec. Polar Star Lodge. 
 
 Petersburg, Oct. 16, 1855. 
 Augustus B. Cooke, Esq., President Howard Association, Norfolk, Va. 
 
 Dear Sir : — By steam to-morrow I shall forward to your address, three 
 small boxes of clothing, contributed by a few of the ladies of our city 
 for the relief of the bereaved children now under the protection of your 
 noble and self-sacrificing Association. I trust the offering will reach you 
 in due time and be acceptable. Petersburg extends to suffering Norfolk 
 her sincerest sympathy, and hails with delight the glad intelligence of re- 
 turning, health. Yery truly and sincerelv yours, 
 
 [Signed.] HENRY C. HARDY. 
 
 Newburyport, Mass., Oct. 11, 1855. 
 Solomon Cherry, Esq., Cor. Sec. Howard Association, Norfolk, Va. 
 
 Dear Sir: — We are happy to inform you that the citizens of New- 
 buryport, Mass , have contributed the sum of $861 30. This contribution 
 was taken up in the various churches, as follows : 
 First Presbyterian Church, Rev. A. G. Vermilye, 
 Prospect Street Congregational, Rev. Rand. Campbell, 
 St. Paul's Episcopal, Rev. Wm. Horton, 
 Titcomb Street Congregational, Rev. Dr. L. R. Dimmick, 
 Whitfield Church. Congregational, Rev. Samuel J. Spaulding, 
 Pleasant Street Church, Unitarian, Rev. R. C. Waterston, - 
 Belville Church, Congregational, Rev. Daniel F. Fiske, 
 Harris Street Church, Presbyterian, • - 
 
 Christian Baptist, Rev. Daniel P. Pike, 
 Universalist, Rev. D. M. Reed, - 
 
 First Baptist, Rev. James Barnaby, - 
 Second Baptist, Rev. James G. Richardson, - 
 First Methodist, William Smith, - 
 
 From several individuals, - 
 
 $861 30 
 
 $120 
 
 00 
 
 101 
 
 06 
 
 100 
 
 29 
 
 100 00 
 
 74 26 
 
 74 16 
 
 62 53 
 
 30 00 
 
 30 
 
 00 
 
 26 
 
 50 
 
 25 
 
 00 
 
 11 
 
 50 
 
 6 
 
 00 
 
 100 00 
 
90 
 
 The above amount is deposited in the Mechanics' Bank of this city to 
 your credit. We send you a certificate of deposit, which we think the 
 safest and most judicious way of remitting. The above amount is at your 
 disposal, presuming you will give Portsmouth, Va., her fair proportion 
 according to her wants and necessities. It is of course left for your As- 
 sociation to use your own judgment and discretion in the matter. 
 With much respect, vour obedient servants, 
 
 [Signed.] MOSES DAVENPORT, 
 
 MOSES SWEETZER. 
 
 We have sent your correspondence to Boston with particulars, which 
 were published in the Newburyport Herald yesterday ; we also send you 
 a printed copy cut from the Herald. We hope this will have a tendency 
 to increase the subscription list in Boston and other places, as many have 
 the idea that your Association have a surplus of cash funds on hand. 
 You will see by the printed list that it agrees with the letter, and con- 
 tains a list of the churches, pastors, and amounts of each society, &c. 
 Yours truly, &c, [Signed.] MOSES SWEETZER. 
 
 Plattsburg, Mo., Nov. 10, 1855. 
 
 Dear Sir: — Enclosed is ten dollars, to be applied for the relief of the 
 orphans under the care of your "Association," and may God bless you 
 all, for he alone is capable of blessing you as you deserve. 
 
 Very respectfullv, your obedient servant, 
 
 [Signed!] JAMES H. BIRCH, JR. 
 
 To Mr. S. Cherry/, or any other Member of the Howard Association, at 
 Norfolk, Va. 
 
 Roswell, Ga., Nov. 12th, 1855. 
 Treasurer of the Howard Association. 
 
 Sir : — We saw in the Presbyterian an appeal to the children for the or- 
 phans of Norfolk and Portsmouth. Please to accept of the collection 
 which we have taken up in the Roswell Sunday-school, and please to ac- 
 knowledge it in the Philadelphia Presbyterian. Enclosed $18 00. 
 
 Berry ville, Clarke Co., Va., Nov. 16th, 1855. 
 Mr. Solomon Cherry. 
 
 Dear Sir : — Accept my sincere thanks for your very kind and satisfac- 
 tory reply to my letter. It has removed all doubt and perplexity from 
 my mind, caused by the many conflicting accounts as to whether articles 
 of clothing would be necessary or not, such a quantity having been sent. 
 You have given me the information I most desired, and I this day forward 
 the box by way of Baltimore to the care of F. A. Levering, which I hope 
 you will receive safely and distribute in Norfolk or Portsmouth, or both 
 places, as most needed. I am sorry to hear of the continued destitution 
 of the poor. Would to God it were in my power to relieve their wants, 
 but I have thrown in the widow's mite, and can only regret my inability 
 to do more. I extend in sympathy the warmest feelings of my heart to 
 all those who have been left so desolate ; may He who has promised to be 
 a friend to the fatherless and widow provide for each and every one. I was 
 deeply pained to hear of the death of our dearly loved Mr. Jackson. This 
 parish was his charge for a long time, and his people were all sincerely 
 attached to him. His life and death have testified that he was a " man 
 of God." I am sorry to read accounts of the re-appearance of the fever 
 since your letter, but I trust it may soon disappear entirely, and God grant 
 
91 
 
 that your city may soon be restored to its accustomed health and pros- 
 perity, and may you never again be so severely scourged. Will you 
 please let me know if you receive the box safely, and excuse me for taxing 
 your time and patience? Most truly yours, 
 
 REBECCA A. SMITH. 
 
 Rochester, Nov. 20, 1855. 
 To Howard Association, Norfolk, Va. 
 
 Gentlemen: — Please accept my humble pittance of $10, for the benefit 
 of your institution, to be used as you may think proper. I wish I was 
 able to send more. Respectfully yours, 
 
 [Signed.] JACOB ANDERSON. 
 
 Newark, N. J., Dec. 18th, 1855. 
 Robt. W. Bowden, Esq., Norfolk, Va. 
 
 Dear Sir: — It has been my pleasing duty, by appointment of the citi- 
 zens of Newark, to act as one of a committee to collect and transmit to 
 your funds for the relief of the sufferers by the late fever there. We have 
 sent heretofore two remittances (which have been duly acknowledged) of 
 the contributions of our citizens, and now enclose you a certificate of de- 
 posit on the Mechanics' Bank of our city, payable to your order, for 
 $119 13. I am desired by my associate on the committee to request that 
 this amount may be expended for the benefit of the orphans of Norfolk 
 and Portsmouth, who were made so by your late terrible visitation, in 
 such manner as your Howard Association shall deem best. It gives me 
 pleasure to bear testimony to the almost universal willingness of our citi- 
 zens to contribute for the relief of your sufferers, and to say that the 
 amounts that have been contributed have been done with a cheerfulness 
 that indicated that they came from the hearts in the right place. And 
 while our contributions have not swelled to so large an amount as those 
 of some other cities, still when we reflect that our population is composed 
 almost entirely of mechanics, the amount they have given is creditable 
 to them, as evincing a Christian sympathy for their fellow-countrymen in 
 distress, notwithstanding the strenuous efforts of politicians and others 
 to convince themselves and the world that there is no sympathy or fellow 
 feeling between the northern and southern portions of our country. 
 Acting on behalf of the committee whose names are attached to our former 
 communications, I subscribe myself, Your obedient servant, 
 
 [Signed.] SILAS MERCHORK, per S. DODD. 
 
 Be so kind as to acknowledge the reception of this as soon as your con- 
 venience will permit. Truly, S. M. 
 
 Barnum's City Hotel, 
 Baltimore, Nov. 22d, 1855. 
 
 Dear Sir: — You will please find enclosed a check for $100, for the 
 orphan fund of Norfolk and Portsmouth. We sent previously to the 
 Howard Association §400, the first aid we believe they received from Bal- 
 timore, and still feeling a deep sympathy for the afflicted and suffering 
 inhabitants, we continued our efforts, and now tender the enclosed sum, 
 with the hope that health and prosperity may be speedily restored. 
 We remain your friends and obedient servants, 
 
 [Signed.] BARNUM & CO. 
 
 To R. W. Bowden, Esq., Norfolk, Va. 
 
92 
 
 Kalb Town, Jeff. Co., Va., Dec. 23d, 1855. 
 Dr. Solomon Cherry. 
 
 Dear Sir: — This is to notify you that we have sent by Adams & Co.'s 
 Express, a box of 57 articles of children's clothing, sent by some of the 
 ladies of Wickliffe Parish, Clarke Co. These, with 40 previously sent 
 by two little girls, make 97 articles. Our parish is a very small one, but 
 still we might have done more. May God bless and provide for, out of 
 the treasures of his abundance, the little sufferers. May he heal the deep 
 wound which he has inflicted upon your devoted cities. It is the desire 
 of the ladies, that these articles sent may be divided between Norfolk and 
 Portsmouth. 
 
 An acknowledgment of the receipt of the box is requested for our assu 
 ranee of its arrival. Believe me, very truly, Yours, 
 
 [Signed.] JNO. D. POWELL, 
 
 Rector of Wickliffe Parish. 
 
 This letter was written, as you will observe, one month ago, but wishing 
 to send it simultaneously with the box, which has been detained, it has 
 been kept. Hope the articles may not prove entirely too late. 
 
 Norfolk, Dec. 30th, 1855. 
 Solomon Cherry, Esq., Secretary. 
 
 Dear Sir: — Please accept the accompanying small contribution to the 
 fund for the relief of the destitute orphans of your city, with the expres- 
 sion of my warm sympathies and earnest wishes for the entire success of 
 your noble undertaking. Respectfully vours, 
 
 [Signed.] ELIAS WADE, Jr. 
 
 Philadelphia, May 15th, 1856. 
 To Solomon Cherry, Esq., Cor. Sec. of Howard Association of Norfolk. 
 
 Dear Sir: — By this morning's mail I have sent to Tazewell Taylor, Esq., 
 of your city, a deed of gift from myself to your Association conveying 
 $1600.00 of Philadelphia 6 per cent loan to A. B. Cooke, T.»J. Corprew, 
 and others in trust ; and accompanying it is the certificate of stock in my 
 name, and power of attorney to A. B. Cooke and yourself, to transfer it 
 to the Howard Association in Norfolk, which I have requested him to 
 hand over to you on my behalf. 
 
 There may possibly be one or two hundred dollars more to be inserted 
 for you after the monument is completed and paid for. 
 
 Yours truly, [Signed.] THOMAS WEBSTER, Jr. 
 
 Trustee for citizens of Philadelphia. 
 
 Philadelphia, May 28th, 1856. 
 
 Solomon Cherry, Esq., Cor. Sec. of Howard Association, Norfolk, Va. 
 
 Dear Sir: — I have to acknowledge receipt of your esteemed favor of 
 26th inst., informing me thatyouhave received from Tazewell Taylor, Esq., 
 of your city, on my behalf, as trustee for the citizens of Philadelphia, a 
 certificate for $1600 of the fiduciary of the city of Philadelphia, accom- 
 panied by a deed of trust, conveying same to the Howard Association 
 for the use of the orphans of your city, and also advising me that the 
 Association accept the said trust. On behalf of this community it is my 
 pleasant duty to further acknowledge the grateful thanks you have so 
 gracefully tendered for this and every other effort made by our citizens 
 
93 
 
 to extend relief to the sufferers by the late pestilence. I earnestly trust 
 thatyour city may forever be spared a revisitation of the scourge. Should 
 however, calamity, disease or suffering again ravage and desolate your 
 fire sides, our community, true to its natural sympathies, will generously 
 respond to the cry of distress. It might be deemed discourtesy were I to 
 close our official correspondence without adverting to the many warm 
 commendations which you and your Association have been pleased to pass 
 on my feeble efforts. I beg leave now, for the first time, to respond to 
 your thanks, and to sincerely assure you that in all my relations to your 
 sufferers, whether as Chairman of the Philadelphia Committee of Relief, 
 or as temporary Trustee for your orphans, I did but discharge the duties 
 of the honorable part to which my fellow citizens appointed me, and of 
 carrying out their wishes and instructions. The measures concerted in 
 this city to relieve your terrible distress, were spontaneous, ardent, and 
 general, and therefore the high regard and esteem they elicit from you 
 justly belong to Philadelphia and its vicinity, in its aggregate capacity — 
 as a community, and to no individual member thereof. 
 
 With a due sense of the honor, the complimentary notices extended 
 to me, I am, very trulv yours, 
 
 [Signed.] THOMAS WEBSTER, Jr. 
 
 The Howard Association of Charleston, June 3d, 1856. 
 Solomon Cherry, Esq., Cor. Sec. of Howard Association of Norfolk, Va. 
 
 Dear Sir: — I, yesterday received by mail, your favor of the 30th 
 ultimo, and by Adams & Co.'s Express, the package of which is advised, 
 containing five Gold Medals, sent by your Association, for the following 
 gentlemen of this city, viz : — The Hon. Wm. Porcher Miles, Dr. St. Julian 
 Ravenel, Dr. Wm. H. Huger, Dr. E. C. Steele, and Dr. T. C. Skrine. 
 
 I have the pleasure of saying, that I have delivered to these gentlemen 
 in person, the medals designed for them respectively; and that they were 
 received with the feelings and expressions appropriate to testimonials 
 entitled from their source and their purpose to so high appreciation. 
 
 With my thanks for the privilege of representing your Association in 
 the delivery of these valued tokens of your consideration. 
 
 I have the honor to be, very respectfully and truly, yours, &c, 
 
 DANIEL RAVENEL, 
 President of Howard Association of Charleston. 
 
 A List of Physicians, Druggists and Nurses from abroad, w7w volunteered 
 their services to the Sufferers of Norfolk, Va., during the Yellow Fever 
 Epidemic of 1855. 
 
 NEW TOKK. 
 
 Physicians. — George S. West, C. C. Shell, Wm. Harwitz, James Wilson, 
 
 Fredericks, J. C. Caprey. 
 
 Nurses. — Miss A. M. Andrews, Syracuse, Mrs. Wallace, Capt. George Atwood, 
 Edward Tremayne, D. T. Freer, Chailes Robinson, Marinus Brassine, Leslie 
 Gilospie. 
 
 PHILADELPHIA. 
 
 Physictans. — William H. Freeman, Thomas Craycroft, A. A. Zeigenfusse, James 
 McFadden, J. E. Marsh, Herman Keirsoo, A. B. Campbell, J. R. McCoy, Lewis 
 Marlin Y. de Castro, Student of medicine at that time. 
 
 Druggists. — Thomas W. Handy, A. J. Gibbs Henry L. Van Cleive. 
 
 Nurses. — Mary Jacocks, Alide Seyferelle, Catharine Heck, Ann McCaust, W. W. 
 
Maul, James Hennessy, W. L. Driver, Jos. Robinson, Lewis Kunitz, Jno. O'Brien, 
 Jno. W. Grimes, Thomas Whitten, Vincent Tarres, J. R. Roach, Capt. Nathan 
 Thompson, Andrew J. Thompson. 
 
 BALTIMORE. 
 
 Physicians. — John Morris, Robert Thompson, T. Baath, Walter, Fleiss, 
 
 Stranburg. 
 
 Nurses —Margaret E. Wilson, Ann Mahoney, McFolton, Charles Solomon, 
 
 R. H. Grayham, Jno. T. Seguine, W. A. Gibson, Joseph Torbet, H. M. Phillips. 
 
 WASHINGTON CITY. 
 
 Physicians. Williams, De Berche, W.- H. Jackson, Student. 
 
 Nurses. — Mrs. C. S. Jones, Thos. Briggs. 
 
 RICHMOND, VA. 
 
 Physicians. — Phillip E. Gooch, Jno. T. Hargrove. 
 
 Nurses. — Mrs. E. W. Webb, Leaman, Miss E. W. White, J. M. McDowell, 
 
 T. P. Howell, N. J. Crow, Henry Myers, Charles L. English, R. H. B. English, Paul 
 Michaud, Henry Brockmyer, Jno. M. Jacobs, Walter Scott, David Pike, J. A. Lacy, 
 Jas. Kelly, Antonie George. 
 
 Physicians — Richard Blow, Sussex Co., Va. 
 
 Nurses. — R. A. Forbes, Westmoreland, Va., Joseph M. White, Warrenton, N. C. 
 
 CHARLESTON, S. C 
 
 Physicians. — A. R. Williman, St. Julian Ravenel, W. H. Huger, T. C. Skrine, 
 E. C. Steele, John B. Holmes, W. Porch er Miles, A. R. Taylor, Student, E. E. 
 Jackson, Student, A. M. Loryea, Student. 
 
 Nurses. — Mrs. O'Connor, Jane Gauth, Wm. Maxwell and wife, Chas. Parker 
 
 and wife, Mrs. Coats, Ann Brady, Solomon Haynes, Charles Lubbers, J. M. 
 
 McCarty, W. Clairsine, James France, L. Hartnell, Joseph Von Pago, Mark Saun- 
 ders, J. A. Kelly, W. A. Shepherd, Hartwright, and 19 others, most of them 
 
 colored nurses, names not known. 
 
 AUGUSTA, GA. 
 
 Physicians.— A. F. Bignon, W. Milo Olin, Professor, O'Bermuller, Druggist, 
 
 Jno.Talliaferro. 
 Nurses. Brown. 
 
 SAVANNAH, GA. 
 
 Physicians. — J. B. Read, W; E. Donaldson, R. J. Nunn, J. E. Godfrey, Student, 
 R. W. Skinner, Student, Thomas J. Charlton, Student, J. T. McFarland, Student. 
 
 MOBILE. 
 
 Physicians. — Robertson Miller, W. Balantine,* Professor, A. H. Jennete,* Pro- 
 fessor, W. C. Miller, Student, W. T. Walthall, Student. 
 
 Nurses.— Mrs. Doran, Murry, Rolls, Stinson, Emerill, 
 
 MiBS Reid. 
 
 NEW ORLEANS. 
 
 Physicians — W. Stone, Thomas Penniston, E. D. Fenner, C. Beard, W. P. Wil- 
 liams, J. S. McFarland, S. D. Campbell. 
 
 Capt. T. J. Ivey,* F. A. Clack,* R. C. Ricardo,* W. N. Ghislin,* L. C. Dellard* 
 Nurses. — J. D. Marks, S. J. Irwin, E. C. Bolton, S. J. N. Smith, Coving- 
 ton, Armstrong, Wilson, Higgins. 19 other nurses were brought on 
 
 by L. C. Dillard, Esq., and 13 by_ 
 
 Physicians.— R. B. Berry, Tennessee, J. Hill, Warrenton, Va., J. A. Dillard, 
 Montgomery, Ala., A. Clarkson Smith, Columbia, Pa., J. L. Baker, Student, Mont- 
 gomery, Ala., W. H. Cloris, Student, Montgomery, Ala. 
 
 * These gentlemen brought with them each a delegation of experienced nurses. 
 
REPORT ON THE 
 
 YELLOW FEVER IN NORFOLK 
 
 DURING THE SUMMER OP 1855. 
 
 The committee, appointed by the councils "to investigate the cause and origin 
 of the yellow fever of 1855," respectfully submit the following report : 
 
 We assure the councils, that the delay in the appearance of our report, which has 
 been to us a source of much annoyance and regret, has not been owing to negli- 
 gence on our part, nor to an unwillingness to comply with their wishes, but rather 
 to our determination to spare no effort to ascertain all the facts which might serve to 
 throw light upon the difficult subject entrusted to us. In this endeavor we have 
 met with unforeseen difficulties and delays. 
 
 Immediately after our appointment, we adopted measures to obtain the most re- 
 liable information of the first appearance of the fever in our port, and particularly 
 of its existence on board the Ben Franklin, before her arrival in our waters. With 
 this view we addressed letters to various persons who had been passengers on board 
 the steamer during her voyage from St. Thomas — among others, to Mr. Helm, com- 
 mercial agent of th*e United States at that port. From this gentleman, who came 
 home a passenger in the steamer, we expected to obtain all the information we de- 
 sired, not only of what happened on board during the voyage, but also of her pre- 
 vious history and condition, as we supposed that he would have in his office a re- 
 cord of all deaths that had occurred on board of an American vessel while in the 
 port where he was consul; and that, moreover, he could readily obtain from the phy- 
 sicians of St. Thomas, a reliable professional account of any cases of fever which 
 might have come under their notice on board of the Ben Franklin, as well as of the 
 sanitary condition of the island at the time of her departure. After waiting several 
 months for a reply, we again addressed Mr. Helm, and on this occasion through 
 Mr. Marcy, Secretary of State, who very promptly and courteously answered our 
 letter, assuring us that he had forwarded our communication to Mr. Helm, with in- 
 structions to furnish all the information we desired, and that we would hear from 
 him as soon as it was possible to collect and forward the necessary evidence. 
 
 We have waited for Mr. Helm's communication, now nearly a year, and think it 
 useless any longer to delay our report. If hereafter we shall be so fortunate as to 
 obtain an official or professional account of the sickness on board the Ben Franklin 
 while lying at St. Thomas, we will place it before the public in some of the medical 
 journals. We also put a notice in the New York Herald, requesting the passengers 
 on board the Franklin to communicate to us any facts within their knowledge, of 
 the sickness on board of her during the voyage, but thus far without receiving a 
 single letter from this source. 
 
 We have thought fit to enter into these explanations, in order to satisfy the coun- 
 cils that our delay has not been owing to remissness, nor the paucity of our facts, 
 to want of industry and effort on our part, but to indifference or other motive on the 
 part of those from whom we sought information. 
 
 The yellow fever, which, for more than a century, has engaged the attention not 
 only of the medical profession, but of the governments and people of all commercial 
 nations, has recently been invested with new interest, by the occurrence, within a 
 few years, of epidemics of unusual malignancy in several of our own cities, as well 
 
 (95) 
 
96 
 
 as in parts of South America, where it had been hitherto unknown. Among these 
 epidemics, that of our own town, with whose history we are charged, is one of the 
 most remarkable and interesting, not merely on account of its extraordinary fatal- 
 ity, but because of its appearance so far from its usual habitat, in a climate and 
 place which for a long period of time had been almost entirely exempt from it. 
 
 Where the disease is of annual recurrence, it must be difficult if not impossible to 
 point to the sources of its origin. It is only where its visits are rare, with L ng in- 
 tervals of healthy seasons, that we can hope, by contrasting all the conditions and 
 circumstances of epidemic and healthy years, to discover the mysterious cause which 
 gives rise to this terrible scourge. We ought, in the sickly years, to be able to find 
 some local causes which had not previously existed, some unwonted meteorological 
 conditions, some foreign and imported elements, or a combination of circumstances 
 to furnish an explanation of the occurrence of so extraordinary an epidemic. This 
 is what we shall endeavor to do in regard to our late epidemic. We are aware that 
 the subject is one involved in difficulties so great as to have baffled, hit' erto, the 
 most zealous efforts of the medical profession, whi' h is still divided in opinion upon 
 it — nor are we vain enough to think that we will be able to settle the question. All 
 that we hope to accomplish is to put upon record a faithful and we believe a correct 
 history of the conditions and circumstances which preceded, if they did not cause 
 the outbreak of fever among us, and thus contribute our portion to the mass of ac- 
 cumulating evidence, which will, in a few years, we trust, be sufficient to solve the 
 great question so deeply interesting to the health and prosperity of our seaport ci- 
 ties, viz : Is the yellow fever of local origin, or an imported disease? 
 
 Before entering upon the investigation of the causes of the fever of 1855, we think 
 it will be interesting and useful to give a slight sketch of the situation and topo- 
 graphy of Norfolk, as well as a brief account of previous epidemics of yellow fever 
 which have prevailed in it. 
 
 Norfolk lies in latitude 36 p 50' N. and longitude 76° 19' W. on the east bank of 
 Elizabeth river, at its junction with the eastern branch, being about six miles south 
 from Hampton Roads, about twenty-five from Cape Henry, and about fifteen in a 
 direct line over a wooded country, from the Atlantic Ocean. "It is nearly surround- 
 ed by water, having the river on the west and south, Newton's creek on the east, 
 and Smith's creek on the north. Several small creeks penetrate into the city, and 
 branching in various directions, serve as natural drains of its surface. The water 
 is salt, and in the river and eastern branch, deep enough for the^largest ships. The 
 tide flows into the creeks and coves twice a day, covering them at high water, but 
 leaving their surface quite bare at low water. The borders of these marshy creeks 
 have never been considered unhealthy, unless where the free entrance of the tide 
 has been obstructed by making streets or causeways across them. Where this has 
 been done, the immediate neighborhood has become subject to intermittent fevers. 
 The surface of the town, as well as of the adjacent country, is low and flat, being no- 
 where more than ten or twelve feet above the level of the river. Near the wharves 
 it is occasion ally overflowed, when during an equinoctial gale the river rises a few feet 
 above its ordinary height. The soil is alluvial, consisting of a stratum of clay from 
 3 to 6 feet thick, lying upon fine sand, beneath which, at a depth of from 20 to 30 
 feet, is a bed of marl of great thickness. The commercial part of the city lies be- 
 tween Main street on the north and the river on the south. It is from one to three 
 hundred yards in width, and more than half a mile in length. The wharves are 
 mostly of wood, and intersected occasionally with docks, into which the tide flows 
 freely. Most of the land south of Main street has been reclaimed from the river, 
 the filling being made originally with pine saplings covered with earth. But as 
 this was, for the most part, some fifty or sixty years ago, the land is now perfectly 
 solid. The eastern half of the made ground, however, on which the famous Barry's 
 row is situated, has been filled up within the la-t fifteen or twenty years. The 
 streets are irregular and crooked, but almost universally paved and well drained, 
 and are kept cleaner than in most towns of the same size. The well water is hard 
 and unpleasant to the taste, containing both salt and lime, but for the last thirty 
 years the inhabitants have used rain water caught in cisterns below ground. The 
 climate, although variable, is very mild and agreeable throughout the year, the win- 
 ters cold, being tempered by the nearness of the ocean, while the heat of summer is 
 moderated by the sea breeze which prevails with tolerable regularity in hot weather. 
 Our climate is, therefore, several degrees warmer in winter and as much cooler in 
 summer than that of inland towns in the same latitude. The summer nights are par- 
 ticularly pleasant, being rarely too warm for comfortable sleep after the hottest day. 
 
97 
 
 Portsmouth lies southwest from Norfolk, on the opposite side of the river, which 
 is here more than half a mile wide. Gosport is on the same side of the river as 
 Portsmouth, but higher up and to the southward of it. Between the two places flows 
 a marshy creek three or four hundred yards wide, which is crossed by a causeway 
 and bridge. Gosport contains a population of five or six hundred, chiefly Irish la- 
 borers and their families, keepers of boarding-houses, &c. It has one principal 
 street, Water street, which runs from the bridge to the navy yard gate, and several 
 cross street?. Water street is parallel with the river, and about 80 or 100 yards dis- 
 tant from it. Between this street and the river is situated Page & Allen's ship yard, 
 which merits a more particular description as the place where the first cases of fever 
 occurred in 1855. It fronts on the river to the east several hundred feet, and ex- 
 tends westwardly to Water street, about three hundred feet. Near the river front 
 is an old brick ware-house, now used as a work- shop and stable. The wharf is of 
 wood, and old. Entering the yard from the river is a small dock, partially filled 
 with mud, but still covered with salt water at every tide. Behind the ware-house, 
 between it and Water street, is another dock, partly filled with mud and timber, but 
 also covered with water at high tid«. On the Water street front are three or four, 
 wooden tenements occupied as boarding houses for workmen. The surface of the 
 yard is covered with chips, but is clean and well drained. The whole place is open 
 and ventilation unobstructed. 
 
 Portsmouth is a pretty town, laid out very regularly, wi^h streets crossing each 
 other at right angles. They are wide, but mostly unpaved and badly drained. The 
 back of the town is somewhat cut up with marshes. Portsmouth has but little com- 
 merce, and consequently few ware-houses or ships at her wharves. 
 
 In climate and health the sister towns of Norfolk and Portsmouth differ but 
 little, if at all. The population of Norfolk in 1855 was 16,000 — that of Portsmouth, 
 about 10,000 — about one-fourth in both cities being black. Many years ago, Norfolk 
 had the reputation, which was probably well merited, of being a very sickly place ; 
 but for the last 25 years, since it has been paved and drained, we think it has com- 
 pared favorably with o^her towns of the same size, whether on our Atlantic coast or 
 in the interior — the annual mortality being about 2 J per cent. 
 
 In the winter we have the usual diseases of the season, as catarrh, pneumonia, 
 &c. In the spring, vernal intermittents are met with, more or less every year, bulj 
 the cases are neither numerous nor very grave, being rarely if ever fatal. Early in 
 June dysentery begins to appearand prevails more or less throughout this month 
 and July. Ic sensibly diminishes by the beginning of August, and by the end of it, 
 has usually ceased. It is seldom of a severe type, and not often fatal, except to 
 teething infants. Cholera infantum also prevails during the hot months, but to a 
 far less extent than it did 20 or 30 years ago. 
 
 In the" latter part of August and September we again meet with intermittent and 
 remittent fevers. These are usually of a mild type, rarely dangerous. The old fash- 
 ioned bilious fever is seldom seen-. The healthiness of our autumnal season is 
 proved by the fact, that for the last 15 years the mortality of September has not ex- 
 ceeded the monthly average of the year. (Of course we except the yellow fever 
 years.) October is a very healthy month, and November the healthiest of the year. 
 The greatest mortality is in July ; the next in June ; then August — the deaths be- 
 ing principally of young children. The country around Norfolk is far more sickly 
 than the town, being very subject to intermittent and remittent fevers and other 
 malarious diseases. Within the city, the most thickly settled parts are the health- 
 iest. Main and Water streets are remarkable for their exemption from intermittent 
 fevers, as we will show, these are the streets that have been usually the seat of yel- 
 low fever. 
 
 The first epidemic of yellow fever in Norfolk, of which we have any account, was in 
 1795. After which, it prevailed more or less every year until 1805, with the excep- 
 tion of 1804, in which year there was but a single case. It was very bad in 1800 and 
 1803. The statement made by Dr. Archer, (Med. Recorder, vol. v,) that the yellow 
 fever did not visit us after the great fire in February 1804 until 1821, is incorrect. 
 There was no fever in 1804, but it reappeared in 1805 with considerable malignancy, 
 as we find recorded in the note book of the late Dr. Wm. B. Selden. This fact we 
 regard as of some importance, since its supposed disappearance after the destruc- 
 tion of the commercial part of the town by fire, has been urged as a proof of its lo- 
 cal origin in the preceding years. ' 
 
 After 1805, the disease was not* seen in Norfolk until 1821, a period of sixteen 
 years. An account of this epidemic was published in vol. v, Med. Rec. by Dr. 
 
98 
 
 Robert Archer, health, officer of the port for that year. From his account we make 
 the following extracts : 
 
 On the 20th of July a vessel, from Point Peter, Ghiadaloupe, laden with rum, su- 
 gar and molasses, arrived in the harbor. Having discharged her cargo at an upper 
 wharf, her bilge water was pumped out in the dock between Southgate's and War- 
 ren's wharves, which was found to be so putrid and offensive as to render it expe- 
 dient that the doors and windows of a neighboring house should be closed in order 
 to exclude the effluvia arising from it. This and Southgate's ware-house were about 
 equally distant from the vessel, say about 15 or 20 yards — one on the east, the other 
 on the west side of the dock. On the 1st August, Mr. Price,* acting as clerk in the 
 ware-house, was taken sick with fever, strongly marked with symptoms of malig- 
 nancy, and died on the . On the same day a negro woman, ceok to the family, 
 
 occupying the other house, was attacked, and died on the 9th. On the 4th, two la- 
 dies of the family sickened, the elder of whom died on the 10th. About the same time 
 a boy aged 16, and an infant in the same family were attacked, but both recovered. 
 On the 9th, the lady of the house had a slight attack, from which she soon recovered ; 
 and the only one who escaped of the whole family, seven in number, was the master 
 ef the house, whose duties fortunately took him front home at the time the bilge 
 water was discharged. Young Piercy, who had assisted in pumping out the vessel, 
 and a boy by the name of Andrews, who had frequently been about her at the same 
 time, both sickened and died — one about the 15th day of the disease ; the other 
 within 48 hours after the attack. It is evident, therefore, that the effluvia arising 
 from the bilge water was the immediate cause of disease in every instance that has 
 been recorded; for every individual had been exposed to its influence, and almost 
 every one who had come within its atmosphere was more or less affected by it. 
 
 The disease continued to spread from this time and from this centre. Dr. Archer 
 further on says : 
 
 I do not wish to be understood as subscribing to the doctrine of contagion and 
 importation of disease, as generally implied, when I say that the vessel from Gua- 
 daloupe had some agency in its production in the present "'instance. A foul air 
 generated on shipboard and one brought from a foreign port are two distinct things ; 
 but that bilge water, vegetable and perhaps animal matter and the like, whether of 
 foreign or local origin, under certain circumstances of atmosphere, temperature, 
 &g. are capable of engendering disease, no one, I am persuaded, is prepared to 
 deny. 
 
 It is obvious, from these extracts, that Dr. Archer, while clearly ascribing the 
 first outbreak of the yellow fever to the foul bilge water pumped out by the vessel 
 from Guadaloupe, had no suspicion that she had had cases of fever on board, or 
 was from a port where the fever was prevailing at the time of her departure. Her 
 bilge water was, in his eyes, simply foul bilge water — not bilge water from a yellow 
 fever ship, containing the imported germs of yellow fever. By rare good fortune we 
 have been enabled to obtain further and more accurate information concerning this 
 vessel, and to supply, after the lapse of 35 years. facts which had altogether escaped 
 the vigilance of Dr. Archer, and which place the connection between the yellow 
 fever of 1821 and the vessel from Guadaloupe in a new and much stronger light. 
 Having heard from Capt. Arthur Sinclair of the United States navy, that there was 
 a man, now a pensioner in the Naval asylum at Philadelphia, whom he bad 
 known as quarter gunner in the navy, of steady, sober and reliable character, and 
 who had been a sailor on board the vessel which brought the fever to Norfolk in 
 1821, we wrote to Dr. Jas. Green, surgeon of the asylum, requesting him to learn 
 from the man himself what were the facts of the case. Dr. Green, in reply, enclosed 
 us the following statement from Win. Douglass, the man in question : 
 
 The schooner George Armistead, Capt. McNeil, sailed from Point Peter, Guada- 
 loupe, with a crew of 6 or 7 men, all told, in the beginning of July 1821 ; two men 
 sick all the passage. Arrived in Hampton Roads, the supercargo, Mr. Fowler, 
 went ashore and up to Norfolk before the vessel was boarded by the health officer. 
 In the evening of the same day one of the men died, and after dark we took him 
 ashore and buried him at Sewall's point. Came on board at 10 o'clock, and another 
 was dead; got the body into the long boat, and veered it one cable length astern, 
 to be clear of the smell ; went ashore with it, and buried it near the other. The 
 same day the vessel went up, and on the way was boarded by an officer, who en- 
 
 * Price slept at the ware-house. He was taken sick on the 31st July, and died on the 16th 
 August. — Note Book of Dr. W. B. Selden. t 
 
99 
 
 quired of the captain whether lie had any deaths on board, and the health of the 
 place we left. The captain's answer was, that one man fell from the mast head 
 and was killed, and that he had traded to Point Peter several voyages, and never 
 saw it healthier than when he left. Which was not true, for I was sick myself, and 
 in the hospital at Point Peter. The harbor-master, Mr. Roberts, came on board, 
 and received from the captain some pine apples and other fruit. All was right 
 with the vessel. Went ashore to board in Woodside's lane, and another of the crew 
 died that night, and several men in the house sickened that night, and never re- 
 covered ; and in a few days the landlord died, and some of the harbormaster's 
 family — the pine apple man. Dr. Archer was th,en in Norfolk. The merchant's 
 name to whom the vessel was consigned I do not recollect, nor the wharf she 
 laid at, as I went to Hampton in a pilot boat schooner going to Charleston, as there 
 was something said about burning the George Armistead — made my escape and 
 left my wages behind. WILLIAM DOU GLASS. 
 
 Naval Asylum, Phil-ad. August 14, 1856. 
 
 The above letter seems to establish the fact that there had been sickness and 
 deaths on board the George Armistead before her arrival, and that the agency of 
 this vessel in causing the outbreak of the yellow fever, was probably owing to some- 
 thing more than the foulness of her bilge water. There can be no doubt that the 
 George Armistead was the vessel mentioned by Dr. Archer, although in his acoount 
 he omits her name; for on reference to the newspapers of the day, we find that the 
 George Armistead arrived at Norfolk on the 20th July, and was the only vessel 
 that arrived from Point Peter during the season. Douglass is in error in supposing 
 that cases of fever occurred in Norfolk the night after the arrival of the vessel ; for 
 Dr. Archer's account shows that it was on the 11th day after her arrival that the 
 first case occurred. The name of the harbor-master whose family died in Wood- 
 side's lane, was Dunstan. Roberts was also a harbor-master at that time, but did 
 not live in Woodside's lane, nor did he lose any of his family by the fever. He 
 also informs us that it was Dunstan and not he who brought up the vessel. Not- 
 withstanding these slight inaccuracies, we think that Douglass can hardly be mis- 
 taken in the important fact that two of his shipmates had died on board, and been 
 buried on Sewall's Point, and that their deaths had been concealed from the health 
 officer. 
 
 We have been thus minute in our account of the origin of the fever of 1821, be- 
 cause each epidemic may serve to throw light upon the origin of subsequent ones; 
 and as will appear hereafter, there is a striking similarity between the history of 
 the George Armistead and that of the Ben Franklin. It is also of consequence to 
 establish the correct history of this epidemic, inasmuch as it has been cited as an 
 instance pf the local origin of yellow fever in our city. . 
 
 Dr. La Roche, in his recent very learned and elaborate work on yellow fever, 
 (vol. ii, p. 379,) quotes from Dr. Archer's accountof this epidemic, the made ground, 
 narrow lanes, filthy docks and crowded Irish population, in proof of the local origin 
 of the fever, and yet, by a singular oversight, omits all mention of the vessel from 
 Guadaloupe, to whose bilge water, discharged into this very dock, Dr. Archer, on 
 the same page, ascribes the origin of the disease. 
 
 During the next five years our town enjoyed a complete exemption from yellow 
 fever. But in 1826 it again made its appearance, beginning about the 1st Sep- 
 tember, in the same neighborhood as in 1821, and continuing until frost. Of this 
 epidemic we can find no published account; but we have been told, by persons 
 living here at the time, that it was attributed by the public to a vessel that dis- 
 charged a cargo of damaged coffee in the neighborhood. It was less general and 
 less malignant than that of 1821, and like it, was confined to the limited space be- 
 tween Main street and the river. The greater part of the city, viz : all that lying 
 to the north of Main street and east of Market square, was so entirely free from it, 
 that no person who had not visited the infected district was attacked with the dis- 
 ease. 
 
 From this period until 1852 we had again a long immunity from pestilence. Du- 
 ring these 26 years we are well assured that not a case of yellow fever was seen in 
 town, except a pilot who contracted the disease on board a vessel from the south, 
 and two officers of the United States ship Vandalia, who were taken sick after 
 landing from that ship in 1848. Indeed, so long and so complete had been our ex- 
 emption from the disease, that there was not in the city a single practitioner of 
 medicine who bad ever treated a case of it. Our whole community had long lost 
 all dread of it, believing it almost impossible that the disease could ever appear 
 
100 
 
 among us again. While in this state of security, in the midst of a season remark- 
 ably cool and healthy, we were startled by the discovery of some very suspicious 
 cases about the middle of September, and in a few days had acquired the certain 
 conviction that the yellow fever was epidemic in the lower part of the town. For- 
 tunately, the weather was most unseasonably cool, and the disease made but little 
 progress, although it continued to prevail until frost. The cases were not so nume- 
 rous as in 1821 and 1826, yet the infected atmosphere was diffused over a wider 
 space, extending much further to the eastward up Main street, and a few scattered 
 cases, which could not be clearly traced to the infected district, occurring to the 
 north of Main street, which had been its limit in former epidemics. 
 
 The general character of this epidemic was mild, a very large proportion of the 
 cases being slight. The severer cases, however, differed in no respect from those 
 with which we became so familiar in 1855, the fatal ones being usually attended 
 with hemorrhages and suppression of urine. From the best information we could 
 obtain at the time, the deaths were probably from 50 to 100. The cases amounted 
 to several hundred. More than six weeks after its commencement in Norfolk, the 
 disease showed itself in Portsmouth, and was fatal in four cases, as we find recorded 
 in the Report of the Portsmouth Relief Association, p. 92, by Dr. Schoolfield, who 
 nowhere makes the slightest allusion to the existence of fever in Norfolk, although 
 it had been epidemic in the lower part of the latter town for several weeks. 
 
 Some of your committee, who were in Norfolk at the time, took great pains, 
 during the prevalence of the epidemic, and immediately afterwards, to trace the 
 disease back to its source, and were well satisfied that it had existed and proved 
 fatal in many instances for several weeks before its true character was suspected. 
 The first probable case was that of Sally Fisher, a white girl from the Eastern Shore 
 of Virginia, who had been living for some months in Soniers' row, near the western 
 extremity of "Water street. This girl died on the 7th or 8th of August, (she was 
 buried on the 8th,) after an illness of 4 or 5 days. Before death she threw up a 
 large quantity of black fluid, and turned very yellow, as we were assured by one who 
 saw her. Unfortunately, she was not seen by any physician, so that we could not 
 obtain a professional history of the case ; but that she died after 4 or 5 days' illness, 
 deeply jaundiced, and throwing up black matter, is attested by a credible witness, 
 who gave this account of her case before the existence of yellow fever was sus- 
 pected among us. Indeed, so little suspicion had the girl's friends of yellow fever, 
 that they inferred from the black vomiting and yellow skin that she must have been 
 poisoned. From this time deaths continued to occur every few days in Somers' row, 
 which consists of six small tenements. It soon crossed the street obliquely to the 
 block between Fayette street and the Bethel church, and gradually spread over the 
 whole of the lower part of the town. Somers' row is occupied by very decent per- 
 son*, and is situated in a very open and well ventilated district. In front of it is a 
 large open lot extending to Main street. To the east is a large lumberyard, which 
 is kept very clean. To the south and west are a few warehouses. The streets are 
 paved, and the population sparse. It would be difficult to point to any local cause 
 of disease in the neighborhood, which is ordinarily perhaps the healthiest in the 
 town, unless po?sibly a shook factory some 300 or 400 yards to the northwest of 
 Somers' row. This factory is built in the river, and is surrounded by water. Such 
 of the shavings as are not consumed in heating the boiler, are thrown into a shallow 
 part of the river or dock, where they have been accumulating for some years, but 
 are daily covered by the tide. There are several houses on Main street much nearer 
 to this factory than Somers' row, but the disease did not reach there for several 
 weeks after its commencement in the row. It was our opinion at the time that the 
 shavings had no agency in producing the disease. We ascertained further that 18 
 days before Sally Fisher died, and 13 before she was taken sick, viz : on the 20th 
 of July, the Spanish barque Tascio arrived from Havana, where the yellow fever, 
 as is well known, was very prevalent and malignant at the time of her departure. 
 This vessel was not visited by the health officer ; for our long exemption from yel- 
 low fever had rendered us very careless about quarantine, but came up at once to 
 the city and discharged her cargo, and pumped out her bilge water at the tobacco 
 warehouse wharf. On her arrival two of her crew (Spaniards) were sick, and were 
 visited by a practitioner of homoeopathy, not educated as a physician. He pro- 
 nounced their disease typhus or typhoid fever. One of. the men died — the other 
 recovered. As the ship was just from Havana, where typhoid fever must be very 
 rare, if indeed it exist at all, but where yellow fever was then very prevalent, it is 
 far more probable that these were cases of yellow fever. Somers' row is about 100 
 yards east of the wharf where the ship lay, with no intervening dwelling houses. 
 
101 
 
 We are strongly inclined to the belief that the disease of this year was intro- 
 duced by the above ship Tascio. We are strengthened in this opinion by a conside- 
 ration of the very cool and healthy character of the season, and the absence of any 
 apparent local cause of disease in the clean, sparsely peopled and well ventilated 
 district where the disease first showed itself. We are fully aware that the evidence 
 of the existence of fever on board the Tascio is only presumptive, and that we have, 
 therefore, no right to ascribe the introduction of the disease to her; but we think 
 it would be even more illogical to attribute its origin to local causes which were not 
 visible, merely because the proof that it was introduced from abroad, does not 
 amount to mathematical demonstration. 
 
 In 1853 there was no case of fever in the town. In 1854 there were three cases 
 of fever in Norfolk, all fatal. The first a woman, who died in Barraud's court in 
 October ; the second a woman in Barry's row, also in October. The third a man, 
 who died 2d of November in Water street, near Barry's row. During this season 
 four cases occurred on the opposite side of the river, in the country, at the mouth of 
 Scott's creek, as related by Dr. Schoolfield, who attributes them to some glass jars 
 that floated ashore from the* French steamer Chimere, which had been lying for 
 many weeks with very malignant yellow fever on board, at about the distance of .a 
 mile from Scott's creek. There were also in quarantine at the same time two mer- 
 chant ships from New Orleans, the Ashland and Osterveldt, which had put into this 
 port in distress. These vessels were laden with cotton and corn, and were allowed 
 to discharge at Ferguson's wharf at Fort Norfolk, about three-quarters of a mile 
 from the town. The quarantine was not very rigid, extending only to the vessels? 
 while the captains and crews were allowed free intercourse with the city, and work- 
 men were permitted to go on board. One of these, a ship carpenter, took the fever, 
 but recovered. We have not been able to trace any direct connection between the 
 other cases of fever in Norfolk and these vessels. 
 
 The year 1855, which forms the more immediate subject of this report, was not 
 remarkable for any meteorological or other conditions foreshadowing the approach 
 of the direful pestilence by which it has acquired so sad a celebrity. The winter 
 was cold, dry and healthy. The spring too was very dry, and with the exception 
 of April, cooler than usual. We can only estimate the influence of the weather in 
 producing yellow fever, by carefully comparing the seasons in which the epidemic 
 prevailed with those which were free from it. With this view we have compiled 
 from the Army Meteorological Register, for which we are indebted to the courtesy 
 of Surgeon General Lawson, the following tables, exhibiting the mean monthly 
 temperature of the first nine months of the years 1826, 1852, and 1855, as well as 
 the monthly mean of 30 years, from 1825 to 1854, and the quantity of rain which 
 fell in each of the same months of the years 1852 and 1855, as well as the mean of 
 18 years. 
 
 This register was kept at Fortress Monroo, which is 12 miles north of Norfolk, 
 and for the purpose of comparing different seasons, will answer as well as if kept 
 in the city itself. We regret that we have no barometrical or hygrometrical obser- 
 Tations to refer to, those kept at Old Point not being yet published. 
 
 
 
 Thermometer. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Jan. 
 
 Feb. 
 
 March. 
 
 April . 
 
 May. 
 
 71.57 
 65.K5 
 65.72 
 66.14 
 
 June. 
 
 78.02 
 72.74 
 74.81 
 74.22 
 
 July. 
 
 7998 
 76.23 
 82.30 
 78.28 
 
 Aug. 
 
 Sept. 
 
 3826, 
 1852, 
 1855, 
 Mean of 30 years, . 
 
 43.55 
 35.19 
 
 43.48 
 36.54 
 
 48.23 
 42.62 
 36.79 
 41.67 
 
 54.87 
 48.87 
 44. • 
 48.29 
 
 56.63 
 53.44 
 59.33 
 56.17 
 
 79.33 
 74.12 
 79.44 
 
 77.25 
 
 76.51 
 70.20 
 76.51 
 72.08 
 
 Quantity of Rain, 
 
 
 Jan. 
 
 Feb. 
 
 March 
 
 1.82 
 2.00 
 3.33 
 
 April. 
 
 May. 
 
 1.53 
 2.10 
 364 
 
 June. 
 
 July. 
 
 Aug. 
 
 Sept. 
 
 1852. 
 1855, 
 Mean of 18 years, . 
 
 0.90 
 1.60 
 3.26 
 
 1.18 
 0.40 
 2.74 
 
 2.72 
 0.45 
 2.80 
 
 1.89 
 3.80 
 3.78 
 
 3.83 
 1.65 
 5.56 
 
 4.90 
 1.80 
 5.70 
 
 1.55 
 3.30 
 3.43 
 
 From the foregoing table it appears that 1826 and 1852, both fever years, were 
 different in temperature. The first was a remarkably hot year, the mean tempera- 
 ture of every one of the first nine months being considerably above the mean of 
 30 years. On the other hand, 1852, the first fever year after 1826, was equally re- 
 
102 
 
 markable for its coolness, the mean being considerably below the average in every 
 month from April to September. 
 
 In 1855 we find that January was very mild, February and March cold, April 
 very warm, May cool, June a fraction above the average, while July, August and 
 September were very hot months. Whatever influence the heat in July, August 
 and September may have had in increasing the disease, it could have had none in 
 causing its outbreak, since, as will appear hereafter, the first calses of fever occurred 
 in June. The heat of June was not so unexampled as has been asserted, for the 
 foregoing table shows that it was barely above an average ; and on examining the 
 table of 30 years, we find in 15 of them June was hotter than in ISSS. In only one 
 of these, viz : 1826, was there fever in Norfolk. 
 
 The first five months of 1855 appear from the foregoing table to have been very 
 dry, while June was very wet. There seems to be some doubt about the accuracy 
 of the rain gauge at Old Point during the last five years, as the annual quantity of 
 rain is far below the average; and unfortunately we have no access to any other 
 kept for a series of years in this neighborhood. We feel sure from our own recol- 
 lection, however, that the spring was a remarkably dry one. June must surely 
 have been very wet, since the rain gauge at Old Point, which is suspected of mark- 
 ing less than the true quantity of rain, yet shows more than an average. The early 
 part of the year was very healthy. With the exception of scarlet fever, which 
 prevailed in March and April, there was less sickness than usual. In June and 
 July there was some dysentery, but we think less than in ordinary years ; certainly 
 much less than in the preceding year 1854. There were also in June and July a 
 few cases of typhoid fever — a disease which prevails more or less every year. We 
 are satisfied, however, that up to the middle of July the year was one of more than 
 average healthiness, *-nor were there any febrile or other diseases to show an un- 
 healthy state of atmosphere, or make us suspect the approach of a great epidemic. 
 
 The condition of the city as regards cleanliness was not different from what it 
 had usually been. The streets are generally kept cleaner than in most towns of 
 the same size, but there was no doubt a great deal of dirt in the yards and houses 
 of the lower classes. 
 
 The statements that have frequently been published of meat putrefying with un- 
 usual rapidity and the fruit mildewing and rotting on the trees, had certairily no 
 foundation except in the distempered imagination of the writers. So far from it, 
 the fruit was remarkably fine and perfect; and it was observed by the southern 
 physicians, that they had rarely seen in Charleston or New Orleans figs so luscious 
 and unblemished. Indeed, in the very height of the epidemic there was nothing 
 that would have led a stranger to suspect that he was in the midst of pestilence 
 but for the frequent hearse hurrying at a trot through our deserted streets. Ihe 
 air was as balmy and pleasant, and vegetation as healthy and luxuriant, as in the 
 most favored seasons. 
 
 On the 6th of June the steamer Ben Franklin, Capt. Byram, arrived in distress 
 from St. Thomas. Having transferred her passengers, some 50 or 60 in number, to 
 the Baltimore steam boat in the bay, the vessel came to anchor at the quarantine 
 ground, about a mile below the city, where she was visited the next morning (7th) 
 by Dr. Gordon, the health officer of the port. Dr. G-. was told by the captain that 
 both his passengers and crew had been perfectly healthy during the voyage of ten 
 days, there having been no fever or other disease among them. He admitted that 
 he had lost two men — the first a fireman, who died suddenly, as the captain sup- 
 posed, from disease of the heart; for he had been well and at work a short time 
 before his death ; had been taken suddenly with sharp pain in the left side, and 
 great difficulty of breathing, and died in half an hour after his seizure. The other 
 was a sailor, who took the place of the first in the fire room ; and being unac- 
 customed to the work and heat, was overcome by it, and died apparently from ex- 
 haustion, after entering the capes, and was buried on shore near the quarantine 
 ground. That neither of them had headache, fever or vomiting. Dr. Gordon found 
 the rest of the crew healthy and the ship clean; but as the yellow fever was known 
 to be prevailing at Saint Thomas when the steamer left, she was ordered to remain 
 at quarantine, but the captain and crew were allowed to visit the city. 
 
 On the 18th of the month, Dr. Gordon again visited the vessel, at the request of 
 the captain, who was anxious to be allowed to go up to the ship yard to repair. 
 Dr. G. reported to the board of health the same afternoon, that he found the crew 
 in good health, and was assured by the captain that none of them had been sick 
 since his arrival, although some of them were new hands, shipped in place of others 
 
103 
 
 who had deserted. That he examined the ship thoroughly down to her water 
 tanks. That she appeared to be clean and in good order, with no cargo and no 
 ballast, except some iron cannons in her hold, a small supply of coal, and a few 
 barrels of pork. That she was leaking so badly as to require constant pumping with 
 the steam pump to keep her afloat, and consequently could have no foul bilge water. 
 
 Upon this report of the health officer, and after being assured by the captain that 
 the ship only needed caulk ng and some repairs to her upper works, and that there 
 was no occasion to break out her bold, which indeed was already empty, the board 
 of health gave permission for the ship to go up to Page & Allen's yard at Gosport. 
 Accordingly, she went up the next morning, the 19th of June, after having laid 13 
 days at quarantine. She remained at the yard until the 8th of July, during which 
 time there were many workmen employed both on her outside and inside, in re- 
 pairing her hull and boilers. While here too, she was partly broken out, to get at 
 the stepping of the mast. 
 
 On the 5th of July, a man from Richmond by the name of Carter, who had 
 worked on her boiler on the 3rd, was taken sick and died on the fourth day, viz : 
 July 8th, with unmistakable symptoms of yellow fever, so pronounced at the time 
 by Drs. Williamson and Green of the navy, both very familiar with the disease, who 
 were called to see him before death. This death caused a great panic in Ports- 
 mouth, and the ship was sent back to quarantine on the same day, the 8th of July. 
 
 Such is the history of the Ben Franklin, as it appeared at the time. Since the 
 fever, we have taken great pains to get at all the facts relating to her, and submit 
 the following account, which we believe to be substantially correct, although not 
 supported by official or professional testimony. 
 
 The Ben Franklin, a large sea steamer, sailed from New York in the fall of 1854, 
 upon some filibustering enterprise to Central or South America, after the failure of 
 which, she went to St. Thomas, where she lay for many months. At this time the 
 fever was very prevalent at St. Thomas. In the month of March, the United States 
 frigate Columbia came thence to this port, in consequence of the fever having 
 broken out among her crew. From the officers of this ship and various other sources, 
 we have understood that few if any vessels in the harbor escaped the disease. Capt. 
 Philips of the barque Eliza of Baltimore, a very respectable ship-master and old 
 trader to the West Indies, informed us that he was at St. Thomas in January 1855, 
 and sailed from there February 5th ; that there was at that time a great deal of 
 fever among the shipping as well as in the town ; that he had cases on board his 
 own vessel, and thinks that nearly every vessel in the harbor had it ; and that there 
 had been 8 or 9 cases on board of the Ben Franklin, and several deaths, as he was 
 told in St. Thomas by Capt. Howes, the master of a vessel acting as consort to the 
 Franklin in the expedition to South America, who was cognizant of what happened 
 on board of her. From the engineer of the Franklin, Mr. Jno. Bowen, we have 
 *~-ceived the following letters, proving the existence of the disease on board during 
 '■lie voyage. We publish the letters in full, leaving out only some prefatory matter 
 having no relation to the subject in question. 
 
 Kensington, July 28, 1856. 
 
 Mr. A. B. Willtman, M. D. — Esteemed Sir — *** I joined the ship in the island 
 of Saint Thomas on the 26th of May, 1855, at which time the fever was on the is- 
 land. I had two firemen then on the ship. One was taken sick with the fever. 
 I examined the man, and found he had the symptoms of yellow fever. I reported 
 him to the captain, and he, the captain, requested me to give him some medicine, 
 which I did. The medicine I gave him was 60 grains of calomel with a portion of 
 jalap, which had the desired effect. He complained of pain in the head, and also 
 a pain in the small of the back. His tongue was completely coated with a dark 
 brown crust. This case occurred two days before we sailed for the north. The next - 
 case was the boy in the engineer's mess room, three days out from Saint Thomas — 
 the symptoms appearing the same —but he died and was consigned to the deep after 
 three days' sickness. From that time till we passed Cape Hatteras nothing oc- 
 curred, when another of the firemen was taken down and also died, and was buried 
 in the port of Norfolk while we lay in quarantine. Therefore we had two deaths 
 and one cure on the passage. This is a correct statement of the voyage from Saint 
 Thomas. The number of cures and deaths after leaving quarantine, were 4 deaths, 
 and cures 3. 
 
 Deaths — 1 boiler maker, 1 engineer, 1 second mate, 1 fireman. Cures — 3 firemen* 
 
 Your obedient servant. JNO. BOWEN. 
 
104 
 
 The second letter was in answer to one from Dr. Williman, the secretary of your 
 committee, asking various questions for the sake of getting a more minute account 
 of symptoms than was likely to be given by a person unaccustomed to draw up 
 medical reports. 
 
 Kensington, Aug. 10, 1856. 
 
 Mb. A. B. Williman : — Respected Sir — In compliance with your request as to 
 the questions and answers, I take this favorable opportunity to state to you as fol- 
 lows : 
 
 The first question is, whether the yellow fever was prevalent in the island of 
 Saint Thomas during the time the Ben Franklin was there? — I do certify it was. 
 
 The next question is, was there any sickness on board while there ? — There was 
 one fireman, who recovered two days after sailing. 
 
 The next question is, when was the first death ? — That took place three days after 
 we left the island. This was fever. The skin was yellow, with high stage of fever. 
 
 The next question is, when the next case took place ? This was before we made 
 Cape Henry. That body was buried on the shore while the ship lay in quarantine. 
 There was no more sickness on board for several days while laying in quarantine, 
 until the second officer took sick, went to the hospital and died. 
 
 My dear sir — I can assure you I was eye witness to all that I have stated, having 
 been amongst it and examined every case which took place. And I must inform 
 you that I have had the yellow fever myself in the island of Cuba in the year 1840 ; 
 go that you are aware that by experience I must be acquainted with the symptoms of 
 tho disease. I must inform you at the same time, that there was no vomiting in 
 any of the cases ; therefore I cannot state any further than what I wrote in my last 
 letter. Your obedient servant, JNO. BOWEN. 
 
 These letters from the chief engineer in the immediate charge of the men who 
 were sick, although wanting in the detailed account of symptoms, which would have 
 been more satisfactory, still leave little doubt that they were cases of yellow fever. 
 The fever was prevalent in St. Thomas. The men were taken with pain in the 
 head and back, and high fever, and two out of three died after three days' sickness, 
 with yellow skins. What other tropical fever is there with these symptoms, and 
 so rapidly fatal? Of the fourth man who was taken sick in port and died in the 
 hospital, we have a more detailed account by Dr. Upshur, which will appear in this 
 report. 
 
 Bowen's opinion of the character of this fever is confirmed by the following letter 
 from Capt. Saml. M. Travers of Baltimore, an old and respectable ship master, who 
 was long a resident of Saint Thomas : 
 
 Taylor's Island, Dorchester Cy, Md. } 
 February 12th, 1856. J 
 
 A. B. Williman, Esq., Norfolk, Va. — Dear Sir — Yours of January 18th has just 
 come to hand. In answer to yours, I can only say that I was a passenger on board 
 the Ben Franklin in June 1855. In regard to the fever, I can only say that on or 
 about the 27th of May last we steamed from the island of Saint Thomas, West Indies. 
 The island at that time was distressingly sickly with yellow fever. That at the time 
 of our sailing there were no cases on board, but on the third or fourth day out, we 
 lost one of our crew, and the day we arrived in Hampton Roads we lost another one. 
 From a number of years' residence in the West Indies, and some slight knowledge 
 of the tropical diseases, I should certainly pronounce both cases yellow fever of the 
 worst type. At one time there was a number of the creW down from fever, but at 
 no time any passenger on the voyage ; which I attribute to all of us passengers 
 being acclimated to the tropical climes. I have the honor to remain. 
 
 Your obedient servant, SAML. M. TRAVERS. 
 
 The next evidence in relation to the fever on board the Franklin, we found in 
 the hospital case book of the late Dr. George L. Upshur, physician at the time to 
 the United States marine hospital in this port. This book contains the notes taken 
 daily at the bed side of the patients. It is written in pencil, and in the hand- 
 writing of Dr. Upshur hirriself. 
 
 June 21st. — James Palmer entered to-day, get. 25 ; Mass.; single ; very stout; is 
 last from Saint Thomas in the steamer Franklin, which has been quarantined for 
 12 days past with the yellow fever on board. Seized Friday 15th with chill, fol- 
 lowed by high fever, and accompanied by vomiting and purging. On the next clay, 
 being no better, took a dose of calomel and jalap, 5 grs. each, and repeated the dose 
 
105 
 
 the day following. From this time gives a very imperfect account of his condition. 
 Came to the hospital at 8 o'clock P. M. and was visited half an hour afterwards. 
 [Decubitus on the back; countenance distressed; breathing panting, oppressed, 36 ; 
 eyes heavy and somewhat injected ; head and limbs ache intensely; bowels moved 
 three times, stools being small and painful; nausea and vomiting; thirsty; skin 
 natural; pulse soft, full, 96; tongue red, sleek and clean;* tenderness on pressure 
 at umbilical region ; sounds of heart natural ; no cough. R. Emp. canth. 4 by 6 
 to abdomen. R. Quin. sulph. grs. xx; morph. sulph. grs. ss, pil, 4. Give two at 
 once, and the other two early in the morning. 
 
 22nd. — Palmer died at 2 A. M. this morning very suddenly, having vomited a 
 large quantity of black fluid (black vomit). 
 
 Mr. Robert S. Bernard, resident student in the hospital, gave the following further 
 details concerning Palmer's death to Drs. Moore and Williman, who took this note 
 at the time, (December 4, 1855 ;) 
 
 Between 7 and 8 o'clock A. M. (22d,) I saw Jas. Palmer's body. He had been 
 raving all night with delirium, occasional vomiting of dark blackish fluid, in con- 
 siderable quantities. Saw a pint of the fluid; whole surface of a dark yellow, 
 deeper in tint than a lemon ; eyes closed ; the face and breast of a deeper tinge 
 than the other parts of the body. 
 
 That this was a case of yellow fever, can admit of no question. "We know that it 
 was so considered at the time by Br. Upshur, whose competency to diagnose yellow 
 fever no one who knew him can doubt; and the description of symptoms and ap- 
 pearance after death must satisfy all who are familiar with the disease, of its true 
 character. 
 
 It thus appears that the Ben Franklin bad at least three cases of fever on board, 
 two of which proved fatal before her arrival at Norfolk, and that a fourth case oc- 
 curred on the 15th, while she lay at quarantine. This case (Palmer's) is the one 
 mentioned by Mr. Bowen, who says, "that while at quarantine the second officer 
 took sick, went to the hospital and died." It had existed for three days when Dr. 
 Gordon made his second visit to the ship on the 18th, and must have been care- 
 fully concealed from his observation. This man, although very ill, was not visited 
 by any physician, but kept on board, under the care of the captain, nearly three 
 days, at the ship yard, amid all the noise and confusion occasioned by the work 
 going on — and was at last, when in a dying condition, sent to the hospital after 
 sunset, when the hands had all left the yard. Is it not evident that the captain con- 
 cealed this man as long as he had a hope of his recovery, and at last sent him to 
 the hospital only to H preventJiis dying on board, and thus subjecting the ship to 
 be sent back to quarantine 1^ 
 
 This-was evidently the first case of fever occurring in the port this summer, and 
 proves conclusively that there was fever on board the Ben Franklin at the time she 
 went to Gosport. It has been very strangely overlooked or omitted by Dr. School- 
 field, in his account of the fever, published in the Report of the Portsmouth Relief 
 Association. 
 
 The belief, which is entertained by some medical men at the north, that the fever 
 existed in Norfolk before the arrival of the Ben Franklin, seems to rest upon no 
 other foundation than a statement made by Dr. Stone of New Orleans, in an ac- 
 count of the yellow fever of Norfolk, which he gave to the New York Medical So- 
 ciety in the fall of 1855. Dr. Stone is reported to have said 'that during his visit to 
 Norfolk in August 1855, he had been told by Dr. Upshur that he had had many or 
 some cases of yellow fever before the arrival of the Ben Franklin in our harbor. 
 It is probable that Dr. Stone may have heard Dr. Upshur say that he had seen the 
 fever before the arrival of the Ben Franklin, alluding to the cases that he saw in 
 1852 and 1S54. But we think it almost impossible that he could have told Dr. 
 Stone that he had seen cases in 1855, before the arrival of the Ben Franklin, for his 
 hospital book shows that Palmer's case, on the 21st of June, was the first case in 
 the hospital ; and his report to the board of health of Norfolk dates his first case in 
 town (Mrs. Cusack) on the 16th day of July, (five weeks after the arrival of the 
 Ben Franklin.) Besides, none of his medical friends who were in habits of daily 
 intercourse with him, nor his associate in practice, who has possession of his visit- 
 ing list, ever heard him speak of any case of fever, or even resembling fever, before 
 the cases above mentioned. 
 
 The next case of fever recorded in Dr. Upshur's hospital book, is the following: 
 
 July 5. — Francis R. Jones entered to-day, set. 24; N. J.; single; previously 
 
106 
 
 healthy ; from the steamer Franklin, which has lost recently some men with yellow 
 fever. Palmer, whose case is recorded, p. 372, was from this steamer. This case 
 has only been attached to the vessel one week. Seized on the 30th, with headache, 
 backache and fever, accompanied by nausea and vomiting. The fever continued to 
 be high until next afternoon, when it subsided. There has been but little altera- 
 tion in his condition since. Has taken purgative pill 3 or 4 times ; skin and con- 
 junctiva very yellow; countenance natural; head aches a little; no backache; 
 great tenderness on pressure at epigastrium ; no nausea ; some thirst ; hoarseness ; 
 spits a little dark blood when he coughs ; pulse soft, 84 ; tongue clean, sleek and 
 dry. 12 oz. blood by cups from epigastrium. Tinct. mur. ferr. gtt. 30, 3 times a 
 day. 
 
 Jones lingered until the 17th, with occasional appearance of improvement. He 
 had, for some days before death, hemorrhage from nose and mouth, black vomit, 
 phlyctena on limbs and forehead, and passed little or no urine. 
 
 Dr. Upshur is probably mistaken in the date of Jones' attack, which be got from 
 the patient himself; for Dr. Jas. G. Hodges of Portsmouth, who reports the same 
 case to the committee, saw him in Gosport on the afternoon of July 3, "with high 
 fever, severe pain in the head and back, face flushed, eyes injected, hurried respi- 
 ration and distressing nausea. Was told by patient that he had slight chill early 
 that morning. He also stated that he had gone from New York to Saint Thomas 
 for the purpose of joining the vessel, but as she had left that port before his arrival, 
 he took passage and sailed same day for Baltimore; had been attached to the 
 steamer about one week when taken sick. Dr. Hodges regarded the case as yellow 
 fever, and sent him to the hospital on the 5th. 
 
 On the 5th of July also, James Courtright entered from the same vessel; had 
 been attached to her a week ; was taken sick on the 30th of June. This was a well 
 marked and severe case of yellow fever, but ultimately recovered. 
 
 After the ship had been sent back to quarantine from Gosport, severalother cases 
 of fever were sent up from her to the marine hospital, viz : Leary on the 19th July, 
 and Humphreys and Malone on the 20th. Humphreys died on the 24th with jaun- 
 dice, suppression of urine for 48 hours, convulsions, &c. The other two recovered. 
 
 While the Ben Franklin was lying in quarantine, late in July, two negroes, Elvy 
 Trotter and Noah Wilkins, who had not been to Norfolk or Portsmouth, passed a 
 night on board. Two days afterwards they were both taken with yellow fever, and 
 died on the 7th day. This fact is recorded by Dr. Schoolfield in his Portsmouth 
 Report. It thus appears that the Ben Franklin had cases of fever on board at 
 Saint Thomas, during the voyage to Norfolk, while detained at quarantine, also 
 while lying at the ship yard in Gosport, and after hellfceturn to quarantine, clearly 
 showing that she was deeply infected. 
 
 Dr. Schoolfield (vide Portsmouth report) saw on the 24th of June Mrs. Fox sick 
 with yellow fever at the mouth of Scott's creek. This place is in the country, on the 
 river shore, below Portsmouth, and fully a mile and a half from Gosport. Dr. School- 
 field ascribes this case to the malaria arising from the marshy shores of a creek on 
 which the house was situated, and decaying cucumbers in the field near the house. 
 While agreeing with the doctor that this was a genuine case of yellow fever, we do 
 not admit his explanation of its occurrence. If marsh malaria were capable of pro- 
 ducing yellow fever in country places, we ought to see hundreds, or rather thousands 
 of cases every year in lower Virginia which is every where intersected with marshes 
 both salt and fresh. Universal experience attests that the disease is unknown in 
 the .country in this neighborhood. There must, therefore, be some other cause than 
 marsh effluvia to account for Mrs. Fox's case. Now, we find that the Ben Franklin, 
 with yellow fever on board, was lying at the distance of a mile or less from her 
 house for nearly a fortnight before she was taken sick, and five days before her at- 
 tack, the ship, on her way up to Gosport, passed within one-third of a mile or less 
 from her house. We contend that it is far more probable that this lady was made 
 sick by the infected air from the ship blown ashore by the wind, than that she took 
 yellow fever in the country without any cause whatever, except such as ordinarily 
 produces intermittent fever, but was never known before to cause yellow fever. We 
 must also remember that yellow fever appeared in this house in 1854, when it was 
 traced to the Chimere, then at the quarantine ground. (Vide Schoolfield's report.) 
 It is fair to presume that the Ben Franklin lying at the same spot, caused the recur- 
 rence of the disease in 1855. 
 
 This view of the origin of Mrs. Fox's attack is confirmed by similar occurrences 
 in 1856, in the harbor of New York, where the disease was manifestly blown to the 
 
107 
 
 Long Island shore in the neighborhood of Fort Hamilton, from yellow fever ships 
 lying in quarantine, at a distance of some hundred yards. 
 
 The next cases of which we have any account, occurred in the practice of the late 
 Dr. Trugien. These cases are, without doubt, the first that took place in Gosport, 
 on shore. They were visited by Dr. Trugien on the 30th of June, and were taken 
 sick either on that or the day before. Their names were Mrs. Brown, Eugene Riley 
 and Robert Webb. They all lived in the same house, which is situated in Page & 
 Allen's yard, and fronts on Water street. This house is the nearest tenement to the 
 berth of the Ben Franklin, and is about 100 yards from it in a westerly direction. 
 It is probable that they had not been on board the ship. They were attacked just 
 10 or 11 days after the arrival of the Ben Franklin at the wharf. 
 
 On the same day that Trugien's cases were taken sick on shore, one or two cases 
 occurred among the crew of the Franklin (Courtright and Jones,) as already men- 
 tioned. On the 5th, Carter, a workman on board the steamer, was taken, and died 
 on the 8th. John Cooke died on the 10th, and Mrs. Palmer on the 11th, both in 
 Irish row on Water street, directly opposite to the house in which Dr. Trugien's 
 first cases lived. f 
 
 From this time the disease continued to spread in Gosport, steadily and rapidly, 
 in all directions. By the 1st of August it had reached the house of Capt. Barron, 
 at the Navy Yard, about 500 to 600 yards southwest from the ship ; and at the same 
 time it appeared in the southern part of Portsmouth, about as far from the ship 
 yard to the north. 
 
 During this time, and up to the middle of July, Norfolk, on the opposite shore 
 of the river, continued remarkably healthy. The first knowledge that we had of 
 the existence of the disease among us, was from a report made to the board of health 
 by the late Dr. Geo. L. Upshur, on the 30th of July. In this report he stated that he 
 had had, up to that date, 16 cases of fever, all in Barry's row. The first case was 
 that of Mrs. Cusack, who was taken sick on the 16th day of July, in the same house 
 in which her daughter had died of the fever in 1854, under the care of Dr. Higgins. 
 Mrs. Cusack had not been to Gosport, nor indeed out of her house for several 
 weeks, being an invalid and unable to go out. She recovered, as did most of the 
 earlier cases, the first death being on the 29th, the day before Dr. Upshur made his 
 report. Before Mrs Cusack's case, there were two deaths in Norfolk, which require 
 some notice, as they have been supposed by some to have been from yellow fever. 
 
 An Irishman, named Montgomery, died on the 2d day of July in Barry's row, 
 after so short an illness that a coroner's inquest was held over his body. He was a 
 sea-faring man, of very dissipated habits. A few days before his death he had 
 been on a frolic and drinking to great excess, and died two or three days after 
 taking to his bed. The late Dr. Constable, who attended the inquest, afterwards 
 remarked to a friend, that from the yellowness of the skin and some suspicious look- 
 ing dark matter on the floor, he should have suspected that his death had been 
 owing to yellow fever, if that disease had been prevailing at the time. No phy- 
 sician saw him during life, and we have been unable to learn anything of his 
 symptoms. 
 
 The other case was a child, Horatio Williams, set. seven years, son of Mrs. Phoebe 
 Williams, corner of Main and Fayette streets. He was taken sick on the 24th or 
 25th of June, with sore throat and fever. Visited on the 27th by Dr. Selden. He 
 had well marked diphtherite covering the pharynx and tonsils, with an acrid dis- 
 charge from the nostrils, and some fever. The fever ceased on the 28th ; the diph- 
 therite disappeared the next day; and on the 30th he seemed perfectly well, with 
 the exception of a slight excoriation of the nose from the acrid discharge. He had 
 no fever, a good appetite, and was running about, apparently free from all disease. 
 Discharged. 
 
 On the 1st July was taken, at 4 P. M. with fever, with some headache and drow- 
 siness. The fever continued, with increasing drowsiness, until 2 A. M. of the 4th 
 (58 hours) it ceased rather suddenly, leaving him with a cool skin, slow pulse, and 
 very prostrate. The drowsiness, instead of abating with the decline of fever, con- 
 tinued to increase, until by night it amounted to stupor, from which he could not 
 be aroused. During the day there were frequent efforts to vomit, without, however, 
 awaking from his slgep. At 10 P. M. vomited for the first time a little dark matter, 
 the stain of which on the sheet was seen by Dr. S. It resembled the stain of black 
 vomit. During the night he threw up large quantities of dark, half clotted blood, 
 (so described by Mrs, W.,) but which unfortunately was not preserved. Died, with- 
 out delirium or convulsions, at 5 A. M. of the 5th. The body, examined by Dr. S. 
 
108 
 
 at 8, presented no yellowness of skin; and continued perfectly white up to the time 
 of his interment. 
 
 This case certainly presented some very suspicious symptoms ; yet, if it had oc- 
 curred at any other time, it would probably have been considered as one of those 
 unaccountable cases of blood poisoning, which are occasionally met with in all cli- 
 mates and at all seasons. Could there have been absorption of some acrid matter 
 from the posterior nares, the seat of the diphtherite ? An additional reason for 
 thinking that this was not a case of yellow fever, is, that the child had a mild at- 
 tack of the fever in 1852. But if it were yellow fever, it could hardly have been 
 from any local cause — 1st, because the neighborhood is remarkably clean, well 
 drained and healthy ; 2dly, because there was no other case of fever in that neigh- 
 borhood until the 10th or 15th of August, five or six weeks after the child's death 
 — and it is difficult to imagine that a poison arising from local causes could have 
 been so limited in amount as to affect only one person and no other for six weeks 
 afterwards. The Ben Franklin in quarantine lay about one mile from Mrs. W.'s 
 house, and twelve days before the child was taken with the fatal fever, and six be- 
 fore he was attacked with the diphtherite, passed on her w^y to Gosport within 
 one-third of a mile from the house. Could a sufficient dose ofyellow fever malaria 
 have been blown ashore from her to affect this child? Perhaps future observations 
 of similar cases may throw some light upon this. 
 
 We still think that the cases in Barry's row, beginning with Mrs. Cusack's on the 
 16th July, were the first cases of fever in Norfolk. There was a constant and 
 daily succession of cases from the first ; and from this centre the disease spread in 
 all directions. Barry's row consisted of a half a dozen or more three-story brick 
 houses on the east side of Church, between Union and Water streets, occupied al- 
 most exclusively by Irish, who lived in the crowded and dirty state so common with 
 persons of their class. The ground upon which these buildings stood was formerly 
 covered with water, and has been filled up within the last 12 or 15 years. The 
 houses were badly built, and had settled a good deal, so that, after the street was 
 paved, the basement floor was below the level of the side walk. In wet weather, 
 the water under the floor rose up to and even above the planks, and mixing with 
 the slops and dirt from the houses, furnished a suitable nidus for the origination or 
 propagation of any pestilential disease. The lower end of the row is about 50 or 80 
 yards from the river. Page and Allen's yard lies southwest by south from it, and 
 at the distance of 1.07 miles. It is worthy. of note, tha^ from the 19th June, the 
 day on which the Ben Franklin arrived at Gosport, to July 15, the wind prevailed 
 from the southwest 16 days, west 8 days, south 1 day, southeast 1 day, northwest 1 
 day, thus affording the fairest chance of the fever being blown from Gosport, if it 
 be susceptible of being transported so far by the wind. At the time of the outbreak 
 of the fever, it was attributed by public rumor, to the arrival of a number of Irish 
 families from Gosport, who, panic stricken by the rapid spread and mortality of 
 the pestilence in their ©wn town, fled to their friends and countrymen in Barry's 
 row, bringing with them their luggage and bedding. Although this may afford a 
 very satisfactory explanation of the transfer of the disease to Norfolk, yet, after a 
 diligent and protracted investigation of this point, we have been unable to obtain 
 any evidence of the fact. On the contrary, we are satisfied, by the assurance of per- 
 sons living in the row at the time, that no one moved over from Gosport until many 
 days after the disease had already existed in the row, the first arrival being on the 
 23rd, 7 days after Mrs. Cusack was taken. We are also assured that none among 
 the early cases, were persons who had been to Gosport. 
 
 While making these statements, and in order to omit no fact which may tend to 
 throw light upon the origin of the fever in Norfolk, it seems necessary that the fol- 
 lowing particulars should be here mentioned. During the whole period when the 
 Ben Franklin was lying at Gosport, a steam ferry boat (used as a conveyance for 
 workmen belonging to the navy yard) continued to make two trips daily between 
 the Seaboard and Roanoke rail road depot in Norfolk, and a wharf within the vi- 
 cinity of 25 yards distance from the infected vessel, Franklin. Passing out of dock, 
 where some 20 minutes' detention often occurred, the ferry boat crossed the river, 
 and immediately discharged the workmen at their landing in Norfolk. This land- 
 ing is situated about 150 yards from the centre of Barry's row, the street along 
 which is itself a direct and common thoroughfare for passengers by the rail road ferry. 
 It thus appears plain, that the ordinary modes of human intercourse between the 
 neighbourhood of the primary seat of the yellow fever at Gosport and its subsequent 
 place of invasion in Norfolk, were maintained without interruption for a length 
 of time previous to the appearance of the disease in Barry's row. 
 
109 
 
 As soon as the disease was found to be in Barry's row, the board of health barri- 
 caded the streets leading to it, and forbade all intercourse ; and as soon as the 
 necessary arrangements could be made, removed all the inhabitants of the row, 
 both sick and well, to temporary sheds erected beyond the limits of the city. A 
 few days afterwards, viz : on the 9th of August, the entire block was burnt to tho 
 ground. Many persons were now flattered with the hope that the sick being re- 
 moved and the focus of infection destroyed by fire, the disease would cease. A few 
 days sufficed to show how delusive was this expectation. New cases immediately 
 appeared in the same vicinity, and the pestilence advanced steadily in all direc- 
 tions; nor did it cease until it swept over the entire city. Its general progress was 
 very steady and uniform. The epidemic wave, extending in a circle as the ripple 
 from a stone thrown into the water, day by day invaded house after hcuse, and 
 street after street. To this uniformity of its advance there wero a few exceptions, 
 where the poisoned air seemed to shoot out from the general line of march, and 
 overleaping the intermediate space, would infect some particular spot several days 
 before the intervening streets shoXved any cases. Thus several persons sickened in 
 Queen street about the 10th of August, when the main body of the epidemic had 
 scarcely passed Main street. Yet, on the whole its progress was very regular and 
 uniform, being at the rate of 40 yards a day, or a mile in 5 or 6 weeks. Nor did 
 the local conditions, which in ordinary seasons promote health or excite disease, 
 seem to make any difference in the spread or malignancy of this epidemic. Those 
 parts of the city which have always been regarded as the most healthy, and are 
 occupied by the wealthier classes, suffered equally with the crowded, dirty, ill venti- 
 lated habitations of the poor. No where was the mortality greater than on Smith's 
 point, which is sparsely peopled, and is as dry, clean and well ventilated as a 
 country village or a gentleman's park. In this respect there was a striking diffe- 
 rence between the fever of 1855 and all previous epidemics. In 1821, 1826, 1852, 
 and we believe in the earlier epidemics also, the disease was very limited in extent, 
 not passing to the north of Main street, which is only 2 or 3 hundred yards from 
 the river. But in this memorable yeajr, the disease kept its course steadily onward 
 over the whole city, and even passed in some directions beyond the city limits, 
 some distance into the country. 
 
 The disease seemed to extend more readily along the water, where there was 
 nothing to obstruct its progress. The crew of the United States ship Pennsylvania, 
 lying near to Gosport, after some cases of fever had appeared on board, were trans- 
 ferred to the Saint Lawrence, and dropped down to the bight of Craney Island, 
 about 2 or 3 miles below Norfolk. Here new cases continued to occur for some 
 days. After which, there was a complete cessation of the diseaso on board, no new 
 cases appearing for 12 or 15 days. 
 
 When the disease in Norfolk had approached the north-west limits of the town, 
 after the prevalence of the wind from the direction of Norfolk, several new cases 
 occurred, and curiously enough, among those who slept in the uncovered ports 
 looking towards the city. This continued to be the case until near the close of the 
 epidemic. 
 
 These interesting facts were furnished by Dr. Horwitz, U. S. Navy, who was the 
 medical officer on board. 
 
 Some cases also, it is alleged, occurred on Craney Island, nearly four miles below 
 the nearest part of Norfolk. A solitary case occurred at Old Point, 12 miles distant 
 from Norfolk. Of its character there can be no doubt. The lady, Miss Taney, was 
 seen by Dr. Jarvis, U. S. Army, by Dr. Semple of Hampton, and Dr. St. Julien 
 Ravenel of Charleston, who were all satisfied that it was an unmistakable case of 
 yellow fever. She was taken sick on the 25th day of September, and died on the 
 30th with jaundice and coffee ground vomiting. But how can it be accounted for ? 
 Miss T. occupied a cottage near the beach, remote from all causes of a local cha- 
 racter that could engender malaria of any kind. She had not been off the Point 
 since the commencement of the epidemic in Norfolk, and had carefully avoided 
 communication with persons coming from Norfolk or Portsmouth to the Point. A 
 rigid quarantine had been kept up since the beginning of August, so that no vessel 
 or boat came to Old Point from Norfolk. Could the poison have been blown from 
 Norfolk, or floated down with the tide 12 miles, or was it a spontaneous case, origi- 
 nating where it is impossible to imagine a local cause? In the present state of our 
 knowledge on the subject of yellow fever, it is not possible to solve this question. 
 Perhaps it may be explained at a future day. The day after the death of Miss 
 Taney, the weather became so cold as to render fires necessary. It was said that 
 there was a slight frost in the neighborhood ; but this is doubtful. The cold weather 
 probably accounts for there being no other case at the Point. 
 
110 
 
 The epidemic in Norfolk reached its acme about the last of August and continued 
 without abatement until the middle of September. After this it gradually declined, 
 probably from want of subjects, and was finally arrested by frost and ice on the 26th 
 day of October. After which no new case occurred among the returning fugitives. 
 
 It does not fall within the plan of this report to give the melancholy history of 
 the ravages of the disease, nor to enter into a detail of its symptoms and treatment. 
 It did not differ materially from the fever seen by us in 1852, and those described 
 by our predecessors in previous epidemics, from 1795 to 1826, except in its greater 
 malignancy and wider diffusion. In its symptoms it wd's much the same as all the 
 great epidemics that have occurred either here or elsewhere ; perhaps only sup- 
 pression of urine was more common than had been previously observed. 
 
 We have no means of ascertaining correctly the number of cases. There were 
 probably from 8 to 10,000; that is to say, nearly the whole population that remained 
 in the city. Very few indeed escaped an attack, with the exception of those who 
 had the disease before, either here or elsewhere. Of all those who had the disease 
 in 1852, however slightly, we have not heard of a single one who was sick in 1855. 
 Most of those who had the fever in 1821 or 1826, escaped. Others had it mildly. 
 We have heard of but two deaths of persons who had had the fever before, viz : Dr. 
 Sylvester, who thought he had had it when a student in 1821 in this town, and Mr. 
 Ignatius Higgins, who believed he had had an attack in New Orleans some 15 or 16 
 years before. The blacks seemed equally as susceptible as the whites, scarcely any 
 escaping an attack ; but they bore the disease much better. Very few indeed of 
 the pure blacks died — while the mulattoes suffered almost as much as the whites. 
 The same susceptibility of the blacks to the yellow fever has been noticed in all 
 former epidemics in this place. 
 
 The number of deaths was about 2,000, or one-fourfh of the entire population re- 
 maining in the city. When we consider that half of this population was black, 
 among whom there were few deaths, it seems probable that more than one-third of 
 all the whites attacked, died. 
 
 In no case that we have known or heard of,^vas there the least reason to suspect 
 that the disease was contagious. Many hundreds of our people, flying from the 
 pestilence, sickened and died, in the neighboring counties and cities, in hotels 
 and private houses, in infirmaries and hospitals, under all possible varieties of place 
 and circumstance, and yet we have not heard of a single instance in which it was 
 even alleged that the disease was communicated to the attendants or friends.* 
 
 We have now given all the facts within our knowledge, which can serve to eluci- 
 date " the cause and origin of the yellow fever of 1855 ;" which was the question 
 proposed to the committee by the councils. From these it will appear : 
 
 1. That the climate and situation of Norfolk cannot be very favorable to the de- 
 velopeinent of yellow fever, in as much as, during a space of fifty years, viz : from 
 1805 to 1855, the disease appeared among us as an epidemic but three times, viz : 
 in 1821, 1826 and 1852. 
 
 2. That the year 1855, previously to the outbreak of the fever, was not remark- 
 able either for heat or moisture. The temperature of the winter and spring, except 
 April, was below the average of 30 years. That of June was about the average, 
 but was exceeded in heat by 15 Junes out of 30. That "the heavy rains of April 
 and May, followed by a long drought," suggested in the Portsmouth report as the 
 cause of the fever, did not exist. On the contrary, April and May were unusually dry, 
 and June very wet. 
 
 • 3. That the city, if not in as good sanitary condition as could have been desired, 
 was probably in as good order as most towns of the same size, and certainly as clean 
 as it had been for the last 29 years, during which we had the fever but once. There 
 had been no recent filling up, and no excavations for gas or water pipes, &c. Du- 
 ring the progress of the epidemic, the cleanest, dryest and best ventilated places 
 enjoyed no greater exemption than the dirtiest and most crowded ; which would 
 not have been the case, if the disease were owing to the decomposition of animal 
 and vegetable matter. 
 
 4. That during the first six months of the year the health of the town was very 
 satisfactory. It was not merely as good as in preceding years, but we think bet- 
 ter. In June and July there was much less dysentery, the most common disease 
 of the season tkat we ordinarily meet with. 
 
 * My own personal observation, which is on record in the Charleston Medical Journal, is not 
 in accordance with this opinion, having seen reason to believe in a contagious property ex- 
 hibited by the epidemic yellow fever which prevailed here in 1855. (See the remarks in May 
 No. of the above Journal 1856.) A- B. WILLIMAN. 
 
Ill 
 
 5. That in all previous epidemics the disease began in Norfolk, and only extend- 
 ed, after the lapse of many weeks, to Portsmouth and Gosport, where it prevailed 
 to a much more limited extent than in Norfolk. This circumstance was probably 
 owing to the fact, that all vessels from the West Indies come to Norfolk, and none 
 to Portsmouth, which has had little or no commerce. 
 
 6. That in two of the three epidemics which have occurred in the last half century, 
 viz : those of 1821 and 1852, the disease has been traced with great probability if 
 not certainty, to vessels arriving from West India ports with fever on board. That 
 of 1826, of which unfortunately we have no recorded history, was attributed by pop- 
 ular opinion to a similar source. 
 
 7. That the fever of 1855 began in Gosport, the first cases being on the 30th of 
 June, in a house adjoining Page & Allan's ship yard, in a locality where there are 
 no unusual elements of disease. The surface of the yard, it is true, was covered 
 with chips, as is the case with all ships yard; but after a careful and minute per- 
 sonal examination of the premises, we have been unable to discover any obvious or 
 probable causa of disease. The dock, which has been pointed out as the (i fons et 
 oriffo mali," the very focus from which the poison emanated, though partially filled 
 with mud and logs of timber, is covered by salt water at high' tide, and in our 
 opinion is altogether inadequate to the production of disease of any kind. The 
 marshes around Gosport, and which are not in the immediate vicinity of Page & 
 Allen's yard, are in much the same condition as they have always been — very un- 
 sightly when the tide is out, and giving rise, where partially obstructed, to inter- 
 mittent and remittent fevers ; but as they have never caused yellow fever before in 
 the last 50 or 100 years, we are at loss to understand how they could suddenly have 
 acquired this new potency in 1855. 
 
 8. That on the 19th of June, eleven days before the first cases of fever were seen 
 in Gosport, (it is worthy of note that this was about the time that has frequently 
 been observed to intervene between the arrival of an infected vessel and the first 
 cases of fever ashore,) the steamer Ben Franklin, from Saint Thomas, came up to 
 Gosport, and was laid along side the wharf at Page & Allen's yard, at the distance 
 of not more than 100 yards from the house in which the first cases occurred. That 
 this ship had lain a long time in the harbor of Saint Thomas, where the fever was 
 very prevalent. That she had probably lost several of her crew while there, and 
 had certainly lost two men by fever on the voyage to this port. That, when after 
 remaining 13 days in quarantine, she came up to Gosport, there was a severe and 
 fatal case of fever (Palmer's) concealed on board of her. That while she lay at the 
 yard three other cases occurred among those employed on board of her, viz: Court- 
 right on the 30th of June, Jones on the same day or 3d of July, and Carter on 5th 
 of July. That cases continued to break out on board of her after she was sent back 
 to quarantine, not only among her crew, but in two negroes who spent a night on 
 board of her — thus showing that the vessel was infected. 
 
 9. That the fever began in Norfolk in Barry's row, on the 16th of July, just 17 
 days af er its commencement in Gosport, 28 days after the Ben Franklin arrived at 
 Page & Allen's yard, and 40 days after her arrival at quarantine. Barry's row is 
 situated northeast by north from Page & Allen's yard, and is 1.07 miles distant from 
 it, with only water intervening. That from the time of the arrival of the Ben 
 Franklin at Gosport to the outbreak of the fever in Barry's row, the wind prevailed 
 almost constantly from the southwest. We have no evidence that the disease was 
 conveyed to Norfolk in the baggage of fugitives from Gosport, as was currently re- 
 ported at the time; but we incline to the opinion that the material cause of the 
 disease was transported by the wind directly from Gosport or the Ben Franklin, and 
 fo^nd a suitable nidus for its further development in the low, dirty habitations of 
 Barry's row. That neither was the distance (1.07 miles) too great, nor the time (28 
 days) too short for this occurrence. In this opinion we have been strengthened by 
 the fact that the next year (1856) the yellow fever was thus communicated from 
 vessels at quarantine to the Long Island shore in the neighborhood of Fort Hamil- 
 ton, where, when once planted, it continued to spread until frost. 
 
 10. That the disease did not break out simultaneously in all par,ts of the city, as 
 it would have done, if produced by a combination of terrene and meteorological 
 eauses, nor was it scattered about as if by accident, as is the case with diseases pro- 
 pagated by contagion ; but starting from a central point, it advanced steadily and 
 regularly in all directions, until arrested by frost— there being an interval of two 
 months between its commencementin Barry's row and its appearance on the Princess 
 Anne road, a distance of Is mile, and more than three months from the first case 
 
112 
 
 • 
 
 in Gosport to the occurrence of the disease in the extreme limits of Norfolk. A 
 similar mode of extension has never been observed in regard to remittent aod in- 
 termittent fever, which are admitted to depend upon local and atmospheric causes. 
 
 11. The yellow fever north of the Gulf of Mexico is well known to be a disease 
 of seaport towns only — never appearing in inland towns, unless previously existing 
 in neighboring seaports. When it occurs in seaports, it very generally begins on 
 the wharves in the neighborhood of shipping. We kuow of no causes, either local 
 or meteorological, which are peculiar to seaport towns and the commercial parts of 
 those seaports, and which are not equally found in inland towns, except the pre- 
 eence of ships from foreign ports. Accordingly, the common sense of the people, 
 regardless of professional dogmas and theories, has always ascribed the origin of 
 the disease to importation in ships. 
 
 12. The fever in 1855 did not appear, in any case that came under our observa- 
 tion, to be communicated by contagion. Indeed, the great number of instances in 
 which persons from Norfolk died wuh yellow fever in other places, without commu- 
 nicating the disease, proves, as far as negative testimony can prove any thing, that 
 the disease is, decidedly, not contagious. 
 
 Finally. After a careful consideration of the foregoing facts, we are unanimously 
 of the opinion that the yellow fever of 1855 was introduced by the steamer Ben 
 Franklin from Saint Thomas, and that there is no reason to suppose that we should 
 have been visited by the epidemic but for the arrival in our harbor of this or some 
 other vessel with the fever on board. 
 
 In the present state of science, it is not possible to determine what is the material 
 cause of yel'ow fever, in as much as it is not tangible, and cannot be subjected to 
 examination and analysis. It is only by a careful process of induction from all the 
 known facts in relation to the disease, that we can hope to arrive at a correct theory 
 of its origin and propagation. The hypothesis, which best explains most of the 
 known phenomena of the disease, is that its material cause is some organic matter 
 endued with the property of rapid reproduction, either in a soil or atmosphere con- 
 genial to it, but not capable of being reproduced in the human body. That this 
 matter, whether of animalcular or vegetable character, is a production of tropical 
 regions, and is oaly spread in temperate climates, when introduced into them by 
 ships. 
 
 As a necessary consequence of our opinions, we would advise the councils that, 
 while they should pay the strictest attention to sanitary regulations, such as clean- 
 ing, draining, &c, with a view to diminish if possible the spread and malignancy 
 of the disease in case it should unfortunately be introduced, yet our chief reliance 
 for escape from yellow fever for the future must be in a rigid quarantine, at a safe 
 distance, of all vessels arriving from suspected ports. 
 
 Which is respectfully submitted. 
 
 WILLIAM SELDEN, M. D., ROBT. B. TUNSTALL, M. D.,WM, J. MOORE, 
 M. D., S D. CAMPBELL, M. D-, ROBT. H. GORDON, M. D. 
 
 The foregoing report contains twelve propositions, beginning at p. 110, in the form 
 of final conclusion to the previous written matter. As a member of the committee 
 about to sign these propositions, I take this method of making the following re- 
 marks, in order to define correctly my own personal opinion : 
 
 The 9th paragraph (p. Ill,) asserts a belief that the yellow fever poison was 
 wafted by the wind from Gosport, and found a suitable nidus for its further develop- 
 ment in the low and dirty habitations of Barry's row, Norfolk. I do not incline to 
 this opinion, but think it more likely that either the ferry steamer (plyitg twice 
 daily between the original seat of disease at Gosport and the vicinity of Barry's 
 row) or the workmen on board of her acted as the communicating agent of the dis- 
 ease. 
 
 My knowledge of the fever at Fort Hamilton in 1856 does not allow me to speak 
 at all. 
 
 The 12th clause has another mention about contagion. I remark, as in a former 
 place, that my observation favored an affirmative opinion for it. Again, I think 
 that the cause of yellow fever is some minute material germ, capable of reproducing 
 itself when given off. from the human body suffering under this disease. 
 
 If hazarding any advice in addition to that given in the report, it would be 
 plainly this- to remove all persons sick of yellow fever as far as possible from a 
 crowded city population, and especially from that of the laboring Irish, who now 
 abound in Norfolk. 
 
 A. B. WILLIMAN, M. D. 
 
113 
 
 A list of Orphans iakm m eharge by our Association, during the fever of 
 
 1855. 
 
 * Julia Christopher, 
 Mary Bruce, 
 Lizzie Custis, 
 f Lucy Hastings, 
 Alexina Dixon, 
 Maggie Dixon, 
 Lizzie McCoy, 
 Delia McCoy, 
 Mary E. McCoy, 
 Susan McCoy, 
 fMary B. Whitehurst, 
 f Julia Whitehurst, 
 Nellie Whitehurst, 
 Sarah King, 
 Selina Dooley, 
 f Lizzie Dooley, 
 Sarah Mercer, 
 fMary E. Snider, 
 Maggie Brown, 
 Maggie Haywood, 
 Mary E. Hill, 
 JSophy Hill, 
 fMary A. Williams, 
 f Ellenora Inge, 
 Columbia Hozier, 
 f Maggie White, 
 fMary Lewis, 
 Sarah J. Hathaway, 
 Mary J. Hathaway, 
 f Celeste Cherry, 
 f Maria Williams, 
 Lorei Broughton, 
 f Sallie Grey, 
 Willie Hastings, 
 ♦Alphonso Felix, 
 
 No. of-orphans in the Howard Asylum, Sept- 4th, 1857, Girls, 19, Boys, 25, Total, 
 45. . [Signed.] M. A. WHITE, Matron. 
 
 * These have been taken by persons in Norfolk, to learn tra'des, one that of dress- 
 maker, the other that of sailmaker. 
 
 f These have (several of them) been taken by the relatives of their deceased pa- 
 rents, but most of them have been adopted by gentlemen and ladies living here, 
 and in other parts of the Union. 
 
 J These have died. 
 
 Doncetso Felix, 
 Charles Corbet, 
 George Bruce, 
 Benjamin Bruce, 
 Ezekiel Hosiei', 
 William McClelan, 
 Thomas Beverage, 
 Willie Beverage, 
 f Mitchell Footell, 
 Thomas Garrett, 
 Billie Howard, 
 f Austin Dooley, 
 Francis Mercer, 
 Robert House, 
 Henry Etherege, 
 Billie Etherege, 
 J Henry Shields, 
 f Nathaniel Lewis, 
 f Patrick White, 
 f James Snyder, 
 f Frank Snyder, 
 Thomas Staylor, 
 Alonzo Staylor, 
 Luther Inge, 
 J C. C. Hammilton, 
 William King, 
 David Hathaway, 
 Thomas D. 
 John' Lawrence, 
 Charlie Lawrence, 
 Willis Mooney, 
 Henry Brown, 
 Alexander Watt, 
 *William Christopher. 
 
*ifc=S>- 
 
 m 
 
 
 REPORT 
 
 OF THE 
 
 'fltott %%%s&xtim% d ftorMfc, Jta, 
 
 TO ALL 
 
 CONTRIBUTORS WHO GAVE THEIR VALUABLE AID 
 
 IN BEHALF OF THE 
 
 SUFFERERS FROM EPIDEMIC YELLOW FEVER 
 
 DURING THE SUMMER OF 1855. 
 
 M 
 
 PHILADELPHIA : 
 INQUIRER PRINTING OFFICE, 121 SOUTH THIRD STREET. 
 
 1857. 
 
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