XJIIIIIIIIIilillllllllH NATIONAL COIN BOOK NATIONAL COIN BOOK ASSOCIATION WILKINSBURG, PA., U. S. A xiiii:ii>iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiniii!ii!iiiiiiiiiiiiiiii!iiii!iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii!iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii«^ CXS1 N 2 - Copyright, 1914 BY B. MORGENTHAU. h, NOV 2\ W 4 ©CLA38764- THE NATIONAL COIN BOOK An Encyclopedia of American, Foreign and Ancient Coins. A complete list of Rare American Coins from the earliest period to the present time, showing premiums paid therefor. A comprehensive history of the coinage laws and currency (current and uncurrent) of the United States. A study of Counterfeiting methods and how to detect them. A table of Foreign coins showing their United States values. A careful compilation of useful numismatic in- formation for the banker, the merchant, thfi student, and the layman. PUBLISHED BY THE NATIONAL COIN BOOK ASSOCIATION WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. Price - - - Fifty Cents WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. DESCRIPTION OF PLATES. PLATE A. Cents C0PPer 1793, 1794, 1796, 1799, 1808, 1843. PLATE B. U. S. Minor Coins. Half Cents— 1793, 1794, 1809,1849. Flying Eagle Cent (Nickel) 1856. Two Cents (Bronze) 1864. Three Cents (Nickel) 1868. Five Cents (Nickel) 1883; without CENTS. Five Cents (Nickel) 1866; Stars and Rays. PLATE Three Cents— 1853. U. S. Half Dimes— 1794, 1829, 1837. Silver Twenty Cents— 1876. Coins. Quarter Dollars— 1804, 1831, 1838. Half Dollars— 1794, 1807. PLATE D. U. S. Dimes— 1798, 1809, 1837, 1853. Silver Dollars— 1794, 1838, 1878. Coins. Trade Dollar— 1873. PLATE E. Dollar— 1849. U. S. Two and one-half Dollars — 1840. Gold Three Dollars— 1854. Coins. Five Dollars— 1795. Ten Dollars— 1795. Twenty Dollars— 1849. Nationai ! J 'tJoiN Book PLATE F. Private Issues Gold Coins. PLATE G. Private Issues Gold Coins. PLATE H. Early American Coins. Dollars — round and octagon,^ Dollar — A. Bechtler. .': 2.50— Bechtler. - ' :,x Twenty Dollars— Pikes Peak (1&50). Twenty-five Dollars— ReicS: (J849) . Fifty Dollars — Humbert. Dollar — Cal. (octagon) 1855. Two and one-half D.— Utah, 1849. Five Dollars-^- Oregon (beaver) 1849. Pikes Peak. Utah (lion) 1860. ^ . Pacific Co. (eagle) 1849. Bechtler (5 in centre). Ten Dollars — Humbert (844 Thous). Bechtler (Rutheiff Co.) Baldwin (on diadem) 1851. Twenty Dollars— Utah, 1849. $40.ffi^Kohler^&m* 1694 — Half Penny, Carolina. 1722— Half Penny, Woods' Series. 1737 — III P^nceJ Conn. 1776— Half Penny, ^JMass. 1786 — Cent, New Jersey. 1787— Half Cent (on eagle) Mass. 1787— Cent, Conn. 1787— Cent (EXCELSIOR) N. Y. WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. PLATE I. Early; American Coins. PLATE J. Continental and Experimental Coins. PLATE K. PLATE L. British Colonies 5 Coins and Tokens. PLATE M. Foreign Silver Coins. 1652— Pine Tree Shilling, Mass. 1652— Oak Tree Shilling, Mass. 1773— Half Penny, Virginia. . . . . — XII Pence, New England, 1783—3 Pence, Maryland. 1783 — Shilling (doves) Maryland. 1783— Shilling, Maryland. >*' 1783—6 Pence, Maryland. Im 1776 — Dollar, Sun over Dial. 1783 — Cent, Libertas. 1785 — Cent, Confederato. 1785 — Cent, U. S. in script. 1786— Cent, E. Plur. Unum. 1792— Half Disme. ....—Bar Cent, U. S. A. Canadian Tokens. Copper cents of Canada, Newfound- , Jaijd, 1 Prince Eld. Is. i ; Canadian Tokens. Twenty cents, 1858. fifty cents. 1903. f^o Dollars (gold) 1870. England — One Florin. i^rance — Two Francs. Turkey — 20 Piastres. 'Turkey— 1 Para (copper) 10 National Coin Book PLATE N. Obsolete and Current Foreign Coins. PLATE 0. Obsolete and Curious Foreign Coins. Denmark — 25 Ore. Switzerland— 10 Centimes (1870) — base. Philippine Is.— One Peso (1903). Panama — 50 Centesimos (1904). Italy — 2 Lira. St. Martin (Fr. Colony) 1/5 Peso. Roumania — 2 Lei.. England— Schilling (James I, (1603- 25). Burmah (Siam) — Rupee. Germany — 20 Pfennig (nickel). Newark (Gt. Brit.) y 9 Crown (1646). England— Crown (1893). S. Africa-5 Shillings (1892). 1— Gt. Brit.— 2 Pence (1797) copper. 2— Gt. Brit.— Half Penny Token (18th Century) copper. 3 — Siam — Tical (silver). 4— Milan— Quattrino (1707-36). 5— Japan— Bu (1818-68) silver. 6— Peru— 2 Reales (1717-42) silver. 7 — Japan— Tempo (brass) . 8 — Russia — 5 Kopecks (copper.) PLATE P. 1 — African Ring Money, Ancient 2 — China Fork Money. Bronze 3 — China Razor Money. Coins. 4 — China Knife Money. WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. 11 GENERAL INFORMATION Prices quoted herein show a range of from good to extra fine. Coins not mentioned in this book command little or no premium, and are worth their face value only. The age of a coin does not give it value, scar- city being more of a factor. Many coins centuries old may be purchased from any dealer for a few cents. Never clean a rare coin, as there is danger of lessening its value. Oftentimes a corroded coin is of more value than a cleaned one. Proof, uncirculated, and fine coins should be handled on the edge only. They should be kept wrapped in chamois skin, or soft tissue paper so as not to come in contact with each other. The slightest scratch, in the eyes of an expert, detracts from the value of a coin. It is a misdemeanor to mutilate United States coins. (See Law Covering Coins, page 14.) All mutilated coins are uncurrent. There is no gold in any of the five-cent nickel or one-cent bronze pieces issued by the United States Government. The United States Government does not "call in" coins. Foreign coins are not a legal tender in the United States. The motto "E Plurjh^c Urium" w»« Urst used on the coi^ ""^ 12 National Coin Book United States coins prior to the year 1864 are without "In God "We Trust," the two-cent piece being the first coin bearing the motto. New coins cannot be struck until authorized by Act of Congress. When a new design for an old coin is adopted, the coinage of the o|4 design im- mediately ceases, and the new design cannot be changed for twenty-five years, except by Act of Congress. Dies wear with use; therefore, coins struck late in the year may not be as perfect as -those struck earlier. All dies, according to law, must be destroyed immediately following the year in which they were issued. There are ten different kinds of money in cir- culation in the United States, viz : (1) gold coins, (2) standard silver dollars, (3) subsidiary silver, (4) gold certificates, (5) silver certificates, (6) treasury notes issued under, Act of July 14, 1890, (7) United States notes (called green- backs and legal tenders), (8) national-bank ! notes. (9) nickel coins, (10) bronze coins. We do not buy or sell old coins of any kind, nor do we guarantee prices quoted. Upon application, we will furnish the address of a reliable dealer who buys and sells old coins. All inquiries must be accompanied by a self- addressed and stamped envelope or postal card- otherwise no attention paid to same. WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. 13 Purchases by dealers are invariably made sub- ject to examination and approval, prices depending entirely upon condition and scarcity. Coins in this book marked with an asterisk (*) will be found among the illustrated plates. COIN DEALERS DO NOT BUY 1857 Eagle Cents (Nickel). 1858 Eagle Cents (Nickel). 1909 Lincoln Cents (V. D. B.). 1883 Nickels without CENTS. 1853 Quarter dollars with arrow and rays. 1853 Half dollars with arrows and rays. 1836 Half dollars lettered edge. 1892 Columbian half dollars. 1893 Columbian half dollars. CONDITIONS OF COINS Proofs are struck by hand press. Both the planchettes and the dies are highly polished. Uncirculated show as bright and sharp as when minted. Fine, although lacking in mint brightness, must show neither scratches nor nicks. Good show every feature plainly and bear no bad marks or scratches. Fair, although much worn, still show lettering and date distinctly. * Poor show lettering and date indistinct. Mutilated show piercing, pieces cut out, bad scratches and general disfigurement. 14 National Coin Book CLASSIFICATION OF COUNTERFEIT RARE COINS Altered Dates are original coins upon which the dates have been changed. Cast Coins are always lighter than struck coins. The lettering is not so sharp and the surface bears minute holes. Electrotypes are made of two pieces stuck to- gether and are easily detected. Forgeries are struck from false dies, and the weight is usually incorrect. LAW CONCERNING MUTILATION OF UNITED STATES COINS "Whosoever, fraudulently, by any art, way or means shall deface, mutilate, impair, diminish, fal- sify or lighten .... the gold or silver coins which may hereafter be coined in the United States .... shall be fined not more than $2,000 and imprison- ment of not more than five years/ ' WlLKINSBTJRG, Pa., U. S. A. 15 NUMISMATIC TERMS And Their Meanings Obverse — Front, or "head" side of a coin. Reverse — Opposite, or "tail" side. Type — Principle object represented. Field — Blank space. Legend — Inscription. Motto— "In God We Trust." Exergue — Lower portion beneath the Type and sep- arated by a horizontal line. Symbols — Small objects either in Field or Exergue. Fillet Head- — "Liberty" head, hair tied with band. Flowing Hair — "Liberty" head, turban bearing word LIBERTY. Lettered Edge — Inscription on edge of coin. Milled Edge — Milled, or ribbed edge. Thick Die— Usually has lettering on edge. Thin Die — No lettering on edge. Overdate — Engraving one figure over another. Pattern — Samples or patterns, but never circulated. Restrikes — Struck from original dies at period later than date on coin ; found only on the early coins. !tftf|ittff|f iff prrf if iii|iiif f iiiijtt it f iiiipiiiiiif f (iiiiisiti|tiii ti f i tiiiitjiif i|iKii|f iisiiiif f w W *> ** so '** 40 ** »> ' ** eo ** TO 80 90 100 {Millimetres) MILLIMETER SCALE. 16 National Coin Book MONETARY SYSTEM (GOLD AND SILVER) OF THE UNITED STATES In 1786 the Congress of the Confederation chose as the monetary unit of the United States the dollar of 375.64 grains of pure silver. This unit had its origin in the Spanish piaster or milled dollar, which constituted the basis of the metallic circulation of the English colonies in America. It was never coined, there being at that time no mint in the United States. The Constitution of the United States recites (Article 1, Section 8) : The Congress shall have power ... to coin money, regulate the value there- of and of foreign coins ... to provide for the pun- ishment of counterfeiting the securities and current coins of the United States. (Article 1, Section 2) : No State shall . . ..coin money, emit bills of credit, make anything but gold and silver coin a tender in payment of debts . . . The Act of April 2, 1792, established the first monetary system of the United States and a mint was established. The coinage of gold and silver was unlimited and there was no mint charge. The ratio of gold to silver in coinage was 1 to 15. The standard was double. The Act of 1792 undervalued gold, which was therefore exported. Act of 1834, which was passed to remedy this, undervalued silver, which then was exported. The Act of 1837 was passed to make the fine- ness of the gold and silver uniform. Silver con- tinued to be exported. AVlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. 17 The Act of 1873 provided that the unit of value of the United States should be the gold dollar of the standard weight of 25.8 grains. The Act of 1878 directed the coinage of silver dollars of the weight of 412% grains troy, of stand- ard silver. The Act of 1900 makes it the duty of the Sec- retary of the United States "to maintain at a parity of value with the standard unit of value (the dol- lar consisting of 25.8 grains of gold 0.900 fine), all forms of money issued or coined by the United States." 18 National Coin Book THE UNITED STATES MINT is located in Philadelphia, Pa., and was established April 6, 1792, the first coins (cents and half-cents) being struck the succeeding year. The First Director of the Mint, David Ritten- house, was appointed in 1792. The First Engraver of the Mint, I. Robert Scott, was appointed in 1793. The First Chief Coiner of the Mint, Henry Voight, was appointed in 1793. The First Superintendent of the Mint, James Pollock, was appointed in 1861. The Work at the Mint, up to 1836, was done entirely by hand or horse-power. In that year steam was introduced. The Mints of the United States are under the control of a Bureau of the Mint (established in 1873) at Washington, D. C. Mint Marks are small letters usually found on the reverse side of the coin, denoting place of mint- age. The Philadelphia Mint has no mint mark. There are no mint marks F or R. The Mint does not buy or sell old coins or paper money, nor does it publish or supply any information concerning the prices of same. The Mint has no pattern pieces for sale. Mutilated or Uncurent United States gold and silver coin is purchased as bullion only, the gold at the rate of $18.60 per ounce troy, and the silver, when exceeding the amount of three dollars, at market price. WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. 19 Proof Coins are struck by hand on a hydraulic press and are made only at the Philadelphia Mint, and only for the current year. Private Medal Dies cannot, under the law, be prepared at the Mint, but when the regular business of the Mint will permit, medals may be struck from dies furnished by individuals, public institutions, and incorporated societies at a charge sufficient to cover cost of operation and the value of the metal. The Unit of Weight in the United States is a Troy pound weight obtained from England, a du- plicate of the original standard fixed by the com- mission of 1758. It is a bronze weight of 5,760 grains Troy and is kept in a strong safe at the Mint in Philadelphia. 20 National Coin Book BRANCH MINTS Mint Dis- Loeation Mark Organized continued New Orleans, La 1838 1910 Dahlonega, Ga D 1838 1861 Charlotte, N. C C 1838 1861 San Francisco, Cal. ... S 1854 Carson City, Nev CC 1870 1893 Denver, Colo D 1906 New Orleans mint was suspended 1861 and re- pened 1879. Charlotte and Dahlonega mints were for coin- age of gold only. U. S. SUB-TREASURIES are located in Baltimore, Md. ; Boston, Mass. ; Chi- cago, 111. ; Cincinnati, 0. ; New Orleans, La. ; New York, N. Y. ; St. Louis, Mo. ; San Francisco, Cal. U. S. ASSAY OFFICES are located in Boise City, Idaho ; Carson City, Nev. : Charlotte, N. C. ; Deadwood, S. D. ; Helena, Mont.; New York, N. Y.; Salt Lake City, Utah; Seattle, Wash.; St. Louis, Mo. WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. 21 WEIGHTS OF COINS OF THE UNITED STATES NOW AUTHORIZED BY LAW Denomination. -§*& £ £ * j^*,. ■^S-| , g , g| ££ hd^ J~£ £«' Q&wd Gold Coins. Grains. Grains. Grains. : I:- .• Double eagle . . . ... 516 0.50 515.50 900 1 Eagle , . 258 .50 257.50 900, 1 Half eagle . . 129 .25 128.75 900 1 Quarter eagle . . . . 64.5 .25 64.25 900 1 Silver Coins. Half dollar .... . . 192.9 1.5 191.40 900 ' 3 Quarter dollar . . . 96.45 1.5 94.95 900 3 Dime . . 38.58 1.5 37.08 900 3 Minor Coins. Five cents (nickel) 77.16 3 74.16 One cent (bronze) 48 2 46 * 75 per cent copper, 25 per cent niekdi t 95 per cent copper, 5 per cent tin and zinc. 22 National Coin Book MINOR COINS OF THE UNITED STATES Standard Denomination. Metal. Weight. Grains. Five cents . . Nickel 77.16 Current Three cents . . Nickel 30 Uncurrent Two cents . Bronze 96 Uncurrent One cent . Copper 168 Uncurrent One cent . . Nickel 72 Uncurrent One cent . Bronze 48 Current Half cent . Copper 84 Uncurrent All minor coins, excepting the half cent, are legal tender for any amount not exceeding twenty- five cents in any one payment. There is no provision for the redemption of mutilated minor coins, but unmutilated minor coins may be presented, in sums or multiples of $20, to the Treasurer of the United States or to an assistant treasurer for redemption or exchange into lawful money. There are 146 cent pieces to the pound. Wilkinsburg, Pa., U. S. A. 23 Counterfeit Minor Coins. Half-cents and Cents have been counterfeited, mostly of the rarer dates that command premiums among collectors and numismatists. Three-cent pieces have been numerously coun- terfeited, most of them being cast and of inferior quality. Five-cent pieces have been counterfeited by casting and are very poor. The Five-cent piece of 1875 is considered the most dangerous; it is struck from a die, of the same material as used by the mint. Owing to its rarity, the nickel cent of 1856 is often counterfeited. Plate A WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. 25 HALF CENTS (Copper) Not a legal tender. Homage commenced 1703 ; none 1798, 1799, 1801, 1812 to 1824 inclusive, 1827, 1830, 1837 to 1839: in- clusive; discontinued 1857. Total coinage $39-,- 926.11. *1793 Liberty cap 1.00 3,00 *1794 Liberty cap 25 1:50 1795 25 LOO 1796 ■..,.. 5.00 25:00 1797 Plain edge 25 - .75 1797 Lettered edge 25 2.50 1800 10 • :50 1802 10 1.50 1803 05 ;.25 1804 05 .25 1805 . . .05 .25 1806 05 .25 1807 05 .25 1808 05 .25 *1809 05 .25 1810 05 .25. 1811 10 .75 1825 05 • .15 1826 .05 .15 1828 Twelve stars 05 ta < .15 1828 Thirteen stars 05 -.15 1829 :05 « -'.15 1831 3.00 10.00 1832 .05 .10 1833 .05 ::!5o 1834 .05 '. .10 1835 ■■'.'05 f \10 26 National Coin Book 1836 5.00 12.50 1840 3.50 10.00 1841 3.50 10.00 1842 4.00 12.00 1843 3.50 10.00 1844 3.50 10.00 1845 3.50 10.00 1846 3.50 10.00 1847 3.50 10.00 1848 5.00 10.00 1849 Small date 3.50 10.00 *1849 Large date 05 .10 1850 05 .10 1851 05 .10 1852 2.50 7.50 1853 05 .10 1854 05 .10 1855 05 .10 1856 05 .10 1857 05 .10 ONE CENT (Copper) Coinage commenced 1793; none 1815 (only cent- less year). In 1816 nothing else coined. Coinage discontinued 1857. Total coinage, $1,562,887.44. "Chain" cents have a bust with flowing hair. On reverse is ONE CENT, 1/100, enclosed in a chain of fifteen links, typifying the number of States then in the Union. 1793 Wreath 1.50 3.50 *1793 Chain ; AMERICA 2.00 5.00 *1793 Chain ; AMERT 3.00 10.00 1793 Libertv can 3.00 10.00 Wilkinsburg, Pa., U. S. A. 27 *1794 Liberty cap (numerous varieties) .25 2.00 1795 25 1.50 *1796 (numerous varieties) 25 2.00 1797 25 1.00 1798 05 .50 •1799 5.00 25.00 1800 05 .25 1801 05 .25 1802 05 .25 1803 05 .25 1804 3.50 20.00 1805 05 .50 1806 05 .50 1807 05 .25 1808 Twelve stars, head to left 05 .25 *1808 Thirteen stars 10 .50 1809 25 1.50 1810 05 .25 1811 25 1.50 1812 05 .10 1813 ' 05 .25 1814 05 .10 1816 .10 181.7 Thirteen stars .10 1817 Fifteen stars 10 .50 1818 .10 1819 .10 1820 10 1821 05 .15 1822 10 1823 15 1.00 5324 .25 1825 2S 1826 25 28 National Coin Book 1827 1828 1829 ,< .........: 1830 , .- 1831 1832 tso 1833 ,;r 1834 ;. 1835 1836 , 1837 ft 1838 ?,r 1839 1840 i 1841 :'..' 1842 1843 1844 1845 1846 ( 1847 h 1848 1849 1850 ......" 1851 1852 1853 1854 1855 1856 1857 Plate B 30 National Coin Book ONE CENT (Nickel) Coinage commenced 1857 ; discontinued 1864. Total coinage $2,007,720. *1856 Flying eagle 3.50 7.50! 1857 Flying eagle No premium 1858 Flying eagle No premium 1859 to 1864 Indian head No premium ONE CENT (Bronze) Coinage commenced 1864, Philadelphia Mint only. In 1908 coinage extended to San Francisco Mint ; in 1911 to Denver Mint. 1871 .05 1872 .05 1877 05 .15 1909 Lincoln V. D. B No premium TWO CENTS (Bronze) The first coin to bear the motto "In God Wf Trust." Coinage commenced 1864; discontinued 1873. Total coinage $921,020. 1864 Small motto .05 .25 1864 Large motto .05 , 1865 " " .05 1866 " " .05 1 1867 " " .01 1868 " " .05 1869 " " .05 1870 " " .05 1871 l J " .05 1872 " " .Proofs only .15 1873 " " Proofs onlv 1.25 WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U, S. A. 31 THREE CENTS (Nickel) Coinage commenced 1865 ; discontinued 1889. Total coinage $941,349.48. 1865 to 1876 Proofs only .10 1877 Proofs only 75 1.50 1878 to 1889 Proofs only .10 FIVE CENTS (Nickel) Coinage commenced 1866. New pattern in 1883, first without, afterwards with CENTS. Design changed 1913. First coinage at San Francisco and Denver mints in 1912. 1866 to 1876 Proofs only .10 1877 Proofs only 1.00 2.50 *1883 With or without CENTS No premium All other dates, proofs only .10 32 National Coin Book SILVER COINS OF THE UNITED STATES Standard Legal Denomination Weight Tender Grains For Standard dollar 412.5 Unlimited amount Current Trade dollar 420. Not legal tender Uncurrent Lafayette dollar 412.5 Unlimited amt. Uncurrent Half dollar 192.9 Ten dollars Current Columbia half 192.9 Ten dollars Uncurrent Quarter dollar 96.45 Ten dollars Current Columbia quarter 96.45 Ten dollars Uncurrent Twenty-eents 77.16 Five dollars Uncurrent Dime 38.58 Ten dollars Current Half-dime 19.2 Five dollars Uncurrent Three-cents 11.52 Five dollars Uncurrent U. S. MINT TEST FOR SILVER COINS Nitrate of silver 24 grains Nitric acid 30 drops Water 1 ounce As edge of coin is part most worn, scrape slight- ly, and apply a drop of liquid; no effect on genuine coin. If counterfeit, will immediately turn black. This test should conform with diameter, thickness and weight. WlLKINSBURG., Pa., U. S. A. 33 GENERAL INFORMATION RESPECTING SILVER COINS The First Deposit of silver bullion ("coins of Prance," amounting to $80,715,735) with the Mint at Philadelphia, was made on July 18, 1794, by the Bank of Maryland. The Alloy in silver is pure copper. The Coining Value in standard silver dollars of an ounce of pure silver is $1.2929, and the coin- ing value of an ounce of standard silver is $1.1636. One Thousand Dollars in standard silver dollars weigh 58.92 pounds avoirdupois. The Space required for the storing of one mil- lion standard silver dollars is 250 cubic feet. Standard Silver Dollars, being standard coins of the United States, are not "redeemable. 7 ' Subsidiary Silver Coins are those silver coins of a lesser denomination than the silver dollar. They may be presented, in sums of multiples of $20, to the Treasurer of the United States or to an as- sistant treasurer for redemption or exchange into lawful money. Mutilated Silver Coins are worth their intrinsic value only. Seigniorage is the profit arising from the coin- age of silver bullion, being the difference between the actual cost of the bullion and the face value of the coin. "Sixteen to One" means that the mint value of 16 ounces of silver shall be equal to the mint value of one ounce of gold. Free and Unlimited Coinage of silver means the right of any person to deposit standard silver bul- 34 National Coin Book lion in any amount at the mints of the United States and have it coined at the expense of the Govern- ment, such depositor to receive in return silver coins containing in the aggregate the same weight of fine silver as brought to the mint. Unlimited Coinage means that the coinage may be unlimited without being entirely free. It would be unlimited if any owner of bullion had the right to deposit it at the mint and have it converted into coins without any restriction as to the amount. COUNTERFEIT SILVER COINS And How to Detect Them. Counterfeit silver coins are usually cast in molds and lack the sharpness and clear-cut appear- ance of the genuine. But when struck from dies, the lettering, milling and general appearance arc so good as to make them dangerous. The most dangerous is of the dollar, made of a composition of antimony and lead, heavily plated, with fair ring and general fine appearance. Some of the smaller coins are made of brass, struck from a die, and when heavily plated pass freely. Type-metal, lead and other compositions are aho used for counterfeiting and are usually much lighter than genuine. The Quarter and Half Dollars of 1853 without arrow heads and sun rays are often counterfeited. When in doubt, submit to a responsible coin dealer. When in doubt as to genuineness of any silver coin apply the acid test. TABLE SHOWING VALUE OF PURE SILVER IN A STANDARD SILVER DOLLAR (The price of silver fluctuates daily.) Price of Silver Per Fine Ounce. Value of Pure Silver in a Silver Dollar. Price of Silver Per Fine Ounce. Value of 1 Pure Silver in a Silver Dollar. Price of Silver Per Pine Ounce. Value of Pure Silver in a Silver Dollar. $0.50 $0,387 $0.77 $0,596 $1.04 $0,804 .51 .394 .78 .603 1.05 .812 .52 .402 .79 .611 1.06 .820 .53 .410 .80 .619 1.07 .828 .54 .418 .81 .626 1.08 .835 .55 .425 .82 .634 1.09 .843 .56 .433 .83 .642 1.10 .851 .57 .441 .84 .650 1.11 .859 .58 .449 .85 .657 1.12 .866 .59 .456 .86 .665 1.13 .874 .60 .464 .87 .673 1.14 .882 .61 .472 .88 .681 1.15 .889 .62 .480 .89 .688 1.16 .897 .63 .487 .90 .696 1.17 .905 .64 .495 .91 .704 1.18 .913 .65 .503 .92 .712 1.19 .920 .66 .510 .93 .719 1.20 .928 .67 .518 .94 .727 1.21 .936 .68 .526 .95 .735 1.22 .944 .69 .534 .96 .742 1.23 .951 .70 .541 .97 .750 1.24 .959 .71 .549 .98 .758 1.25 .967 .72 .557 .99 .766 1.26 .975 .73 .565 1.00 .773 1.27 .982 .74 .572 1.01 .781 1.28 .990 .75 .580 1.02 .789 1.29 .998 .76 .588 1.03 .797 *1.2929 1.00 Parity. 36 National Coin Book TABLE SHOWING VALUE OF PURE SILVER IN CURRENT SILVER COINS Price of Dollar Half Dollar Quarter Dollar Dime Silver .7732 .360+ .179 .072+ per Oz. ounces ounces ounces ounces $0.48 .49 $0.3711 .3788 $0.1728 .1764 $0.0859 .0877 $0.0345 .0352 .50 .3866 .1800 .0895 .0360 .51 .3943 .1836 .0912 .0367 .52 .4020 .1872 .0930 .0374 .53 .4097 .1908 .0948 .0381 .54 .4175 .1944 .0966 .0388 .55 .4252 .1980 .0984 .0396 .56 .4329 .2016 .1002 .0403 .57 .4407 .2052 .1020 .0410 .58 .4484 .2058 .1038 .0417 .59 .4561 .2124 .1056 .0424 .60 .4639 .2160 .1074 .0432 Plate C 38 National Coin Book THREE CENTS (Trimes) Coinage commenced 1851 ; discontinued 1873. Total coinage $1,282,087.20. •1851 to 1862 Star and shield 1863 Star and shield .25 1864 Star and shield 50 1865 to 1872 Star and shield 25 1873 Star and shield . .50 HALF DIMES (Five Cents) Coinage commenced 1794; none 1798, 1799, 1804, 1806 to 1828 inclusive; discontinued 1873. Total coinage $4,880,219.40. *1794 Flowing hair 1.00 3.50 1795 Flowing hair 50 1.00 1796 Fillet head 1.50 5.00 1797 Thirteen stars 1.00 2.50 1797 Fifteen stars 1.00 2.00 1797 Sixteen stars 1.00 1.50 1800 25 1.50 1801 50 2.00 1802 30.00 50.00 1803 1.00 2.50 1805 1.50 3.50 *1838 No stars .15 1846 Stars, Liberty seated 50 1.00 1864 25 .50 1865 .15 1866 .15 1867 .15 Small premium on other dates in proof condition. Plate D 40 National Coin Book DIMES (Ten Cents) Coinage commenced 1796, none 1799, 1806, 1808, 1810, 1812, 1813, 1815 to 1819 inclusive, 1826. 1796 1797 1797 *1798 1800 1801 1802 1803 1804 1805 1807 *1809 1811 1814 1820 1821 1822 1823 1824 1828 1846 1894 Fillet head 1.00 Thirteen stars 2.00 Sixteen stars 2.00 Fillet head Head to left. 1.50 1.50 1.50 2.00 1.00 5.00 .25 .25 .50 .25 1.00 Libertv seated 25 S . . 10.00 TWENTY CENTS Coinage commenced 1875 ; discontinued Total coinage $271,000. 1875 1876 25 1877 Proofs only 75 1878 Proofs only 75 2.50 5.00 5.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 4.50 3.50 25.00 .50 .75 1.50 .75 .25 .15 .15 2.50 .25 .25 .25 .50 25.00 1878. .25 1.00 1.50 1.50 Head to left 35 WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. 41 QUARTER DOLLARS (Twenty-five Cents) Coinage commenced 1796; none 1797 to 1803 inclusive, 1804 to 1814 inclusive, 1816, 1817, 1829, 1830. 1796 Fillet head *1804 1805 1806 1807 1815 1818 1819 1820 1821 1822 1823 1824 1825 1827 1828 '"' • 1831 to 1838 1853 1.50 5.00 1.00 3.50 .35 .35 .35 .35 .50 .30 .30 .35 .30 .35 25.00 40.00 .35 .75 .35 30.00 50.00 .30 .30 1853 No arrows at sides of date, no rays around eagle 1.00 3.50 With arrows and rays No premium SOUVENIR QUARTER DOLLAR The Columbia or Isabella quarter dollar was coined for the World's Fair, Chicago, 111., and is the only United States coin bearing the head of a 42 National Coin Book foreign ruler. Is a legal tender. Total coinage $10,000. 1893 (only year) .50 HALF DOLLARS (Fifty Cents) 1800, *1794 1795 1796 1796 1797 1801 1802 1803 1805 1807 1807 1808 1809 1810 1811 1812 1813 1814 1815 1836 1836 1 838 1839 1853 1851 1852 1853 oinage commenced 1794; none 1798, 1799 1804, 1816. Flowing hair Flowing hair Fillet head. 15 stars 1 6 stars . 2.00 . .75 .20.00 .15.00 .20.00 . 1.50 . 2.00 Head to left. . Head to right. Head to left . . 1.00 Milled edge Lettered edge O between bust and date... to 1850 Xo arrows at • sides of date, rays around eagle Libertv seated 5.00 1.25 50.00 40.00 35.00 3.50 3.00 .75 .75 .55 2.50 .55 .55 .55 .55 .55 .55 .55 3.00 2.00 no With arrows and rays. . 1.00 . 1.25 . No premium . 7.50 25.00 .55 .25.00 35.00 .75 . .75 1.00 . No premium WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. SOUVENIR HALF DOLLARS 43 The Columbian half dollar was coined for the World's Fair, Chicago, ILL Is a legal tender. Total coinage $2,500,000. 1892 . No premium 1893 No premium DOLLARS (100 Cents) Coinage commenced 1794, none 1805 to 1837 in- clusive, 1874 to 1877 inclusive ; discontinued 1904. 1794 Flowing hair .25.00 50.00 1795 Flowing hair 1.50 2.50 1795 Fillet head 1.50 2.50 1795 Fillet head, large date 1.50 3.00 1796 1.50 2.50 1796 Small date 1.50 2.50 1797 Six stars right of bust 1.50 2.50 1797 Seven stars right of bust 1.50 2.25 1798 Small eagle, 13 stars 2.50 3.50 1798 Small eagle, 15 stars 2.00 3.50 1798 Large eagle, 13 stars 1.25 1.50 1799 Five stars right of bust 1.50 2.50 1799 Six stars right of bust 1.50 44 National Coin Book 1800 1.75 1801 1.75 1802 1.75 1803 Large 3 , . 1.50 3.00 1803 Small 3 1.50 2.50 1804 Conflicting stories are current respecting this celebrated dollar. One, that the entire coinage was aboard a vessel which was sunk in the Mediterran- ean Sea and the entire cargo lost. Another, a doubt that any dollars were struck during this year, the belief being that dollars bearing this date were struck years after, hence those in existence are "restrikes." Another disposes of the question by stating "all are restrikes or frauds." It is gen- erally believed that not more than a dozen genuine "restrikes" are in existence. The dies were de- stroyed in 1869. The finest known specimen was sold at auction in Philadelphia. 1907, for $3,600. Wilkixsburg. Pa.. U. S. A. 45 1836 1836 U838 1839 1851 1852 1854 1855 1856 1857 1858 1866 1895 1904 Liberty base Liberty base . Liberty seated ; Gobrecht below seated ; Gobrecht on seated, plain edge. .10.00 20.00 Without motto Proofs only . . . Proofs onlv . . . . 5.00 .25.00 .20.00 .15.00 .15.00 . 1.50 . 1.50 . 1.25 .10.00 . 2.50 7.50 50.00 35.00 30.00 30.00 2.50 2.50 2.00 1.50 17.50 5.00 2.00 1.50 TRADE DOLLARS. Authorized by Act of February 12. 1873; in- tended for circulation in Oriental countries as a substitute for the Mexican dollar. Regular coin- age commenced 1874: discontinued 1883; demonet- ized February 19, 18S7. For six months following demonetization they could be exchanged at the Treasury or any sub-treasury, dollar for dollar, for standard silver dollars or subsidiary coin. Since then they have been purchased as bullion when pre- sented at the mints. Total coinage, $35,965,924. "Anv date. Proof condition onlv 1.00 46 National Coin Book SOUVENIR DOLLAR The Lafayette dollar, issued to commemorate the unveiling, in Paris, of the equestrian statute erected by the youth of America to General La- fayette, was struck in 1899, the date (1900) on the coin being that of the unveiling of the memorial. It is a legal tender for its face value, and all pro- visions of law apply to it that are applicable to the standard silver dollar. Amount coined. $50,000. 1900 1.25 Wilkinsburg, Pa., U. S. A. 47 GOLD COINS OF THE UNITED STATES Standard Denomination Weight. Grains Double Eagle ... $20.00 516 *t Current Eagle 10.00 258 g § 129 ^ § Current Half Eagle 5.00 Current Three Dollars . . 3.00 77.4 ^ «< Uncurrent Quarter Eagle . . 2.50 64.5 h3 Current One Dollar ..... 1.00 25.8 ££ Uncurrent St. Louis Dollar 1.00 25.8 ? 'g Uncurrent Lewis & Clarke tjo^z; Dollar 1.00 25.8 j£ Uncurrent U. S. MINT TEST FOR GOLD COINS Strong nitric acid 6 1 /2 drachms Muriatic acid 15 drops Water 5 drachms Apply same as silver test. 48 National Coin Book GENERAL INFORMATION RESPECTING GOLD COINS The First Deposit of gold bullion for coinage, made with the Mint at Philadelphia, was by Moses Brown, a Boston merchant, on February 12, 1795. It was of gold ingots, worth $2,276.72, which was paid for in silver coins. The Alloy in gold coins is pure copper. The Pure Gold in gold coins is worth the face value of the coin, the alloy is never reckoned. The Coining Value of an ounce of pure gold is $20.67183, and the coining value of* an ounce of standard gold is $18.60465. One Thousand Dollars in gold coin weighs 3.68 pounds avoirdupois. Free and Unlimited Coinage of gold exists in the United States. Standard gold bullion may be deposited at the mints in any amount, to be coined for the benefit of the depositor, without charge for coinage; but when other than standard bullion is received for coinage a charge is made for parting, or for refining, or for alloy, as the case may be. Parting is the separation of any silver which may be contained in the bullion. Refining is the elimination from the bullion of all base metals. Refusal of gold bullion of less value than $100, or when it is too base for coinage, may be lawfully made at the mints. Gold Coins, being standard coins of the United States, are not "redeemable." Wilkinsburg, Pa., U. S. A. 49 COUNTERFEIT GOLD COINS And How to Detect Them. The most dangerous counterfeits are those struck from dies. They have a fine appearance, lettering and milling being sharp and clear, and the ring usually good. Many are full weight. Those cast in molds are much inferior to the die-made counterfeits, lacking the sharp, clear-cut appear- ance of the genuine coin. Among the most danger- ous are those of a composition of gold, silver and copper. Gold coins are tampered with in various ways. When "sweating" is resorted to, a portion of gold is removed from the surface. This process does not interfere with the ring and the coin is left with a fair appearance, the weight only being defective. "Plugging" is done by boring holes in the coin from the edge, extracting the gold, and fill- ing the cavity with a cheaper material. The spot is then covered with gold and re-reeded with a file or other tool. Such coins are very dangerous. "Filling" is done by sawing the coin through from the edge, removing a portion of the interior, and refilling with a cheaper material. When the edges have been covered with gold and re-reeded, the coin has every appearance of being genuine. AVhen in doubt, apply acid test; also test by weight, diameter and thickness. Plate E WlLKINSBURG. Pa., U. S. A. 51 DOLLARS Smallest coin ever issued by the United States Government. Coinage — small size, 1849 to 1854 inclusive; large size, 1854 to 1889 inclusive. Total coinage $19,499,337, 1863 5.00 10.00 1864 5.00 10.00 1865 2.50 7.50 1866 2.50 5.00 1867 2.50 5.00 1868 2.50 5.00 1869 2.50 5.00 1870 2.25 3.00 1871 2.25 3.00 1872 2.25 3.00 1875 10.00 25.00 1876 2.00 2.50 1877 2.25 2.75 1880 1.50 2.00 1881 1.50 2.00 1882 1.50 2.00 1883 1.50 2.00 1884 1.50 2.00 1885 1.50 2.00 1886 1.50 2.00 1887 1.50 2.00 1888 1.50 2.00 1889 1.50 2.00 All other dates 1.50 1.75 52 National Coin Book SOUVENIR DOLLARS Jefferson and McKinley. One with Jefferson head, and one with McKin- ley head, struck for the Louisiana Purchase Expo- sition, St. Louis. Mo., 1904. The coins bear no date and were struck as follows : 1902, $75,000 ; 1903, $175,000; total coinage $250,000. McKinley 2.00 Jefferson 2.00 Lewis and Clarke. Struck for the Lewis and Clarke Exposition. Portland. Oregon. Total coinage $60,000.00. 1904 1.50 1905 1.50 QUARTER EAGLES ($2.50) Coinage commenced 1796. none 1799, 1800, 1801, 1803, 1809 to 1820, 1822, 1823, 1828. Unless artifically reduced in weight should continue current for fifteen years from date of coinage. 1796 No stars 7.50 17.50 1796 Stars 10.00 20.00 1797 10.00 20.00 1798 8.00 12.50 1802 3.50 5.00 1804 3.50 5.00 1805 ' 3.50 5.00 1806 5.00 10.00 1807 3.50 5.00 Wilkinsburg, Pa., U. S. A. 53 1808 3.50 5.00 1823 5.00 10.00 1824 4.00 7.00 1825 3.50 6.50 1826 15.00 35.00 1827 6.00 10.00 1829 3.00 4.50 1830 3.00 4.50 1831 . 3.00 4.50 1832 3.00 4.50 1833 3.00 4.50 1834 E PLUKIBUS UNUM over eagle 7.50 15.00 1842 No mint mark 10.00 15.00 1863 No mint mark 10.00 15.00 1875 No mint mark 10.00 15.00 Small premium on some other dates in very fine condition. THREE DOLLARS Coinage commenced 1854 ; discontinued 1889. Total coinage $1,619,376. 1858 3.50 5.00 1864 3.50 5.00 1865 3.50 5.50 1866 3.50 5.50 1867 3.50 5.50 1869 3.50 5.00 1873 10.00 17.50 1875 25.00 35.00 1876 17.50 25.00 1877 5.00 8.50 1881 3.50 5.50 All other dates in fine condition 3.75 54 Xation.il Coin Book HALF EAGLES ($5.00) Coinage commenced 1795, none 1801, 1816, 1817. Unless artificially reduced in weight should continue current for twenty years from date of coinage. -1795 Small eagle 7.50 12.50 1795 Large eagle 12.50 25.00 1796 10.00 17.50 1797 Small eagle, 16 stars 15.00 25.00 1797 Large eagle. 16 stars 15.00 25.00 1797 Fifteen stars 15.00 30.00 1798 Small eagle 50.00 75.00 1798 Large eagle 6.00 8.00 1799 6.00 8.50 1814 6.50 8.00 1815 250.00 500.00 1818 7.00 10.00 1819 50.00 100.00 1820 7.00 10.00 1821 17.50 25.00 1822 500.00 1000.00 1823 8.00 12.50 1821 15.00 30.00 1825 10.00 20.00 1826 10.00 20.00 1827 15.00 30.00 1828 15.00 35.00 1829 Large date 50.00 75.00 1829 Small date 10.00 65.00 1830 10.00 15.00 1831 10.00 15.00 1832 20.00 35.00 1833 10.00 12.50 Wilkinsburg, Pa., U. S. A. 55 1834 E PLURIBUS UNUM over eagle 6.50 10.00 1834 Without motto No premium Small premium on some not mentioned, if in fine condition. EAGLES ($10.00) Coinage commenced 1795, none 1802. 1805 to 1837 inclusive. Unless artificially reduced in weight should continue current for thirty-five years from date of coinage. *1795 12,00 15.00 1796 12.50 17.50 1797 Small eagle ■ 15.00 22.50 1797 Large eag]e 11.50 12.50 1798 15.00 25.00 1799 10.50 12.00 1800 11.00 12.00 1801 11.00 12.00 1803 11.00 12.50 1804 12.50 15.00 1838 10.50 12.50 1907 Wire edge, with periods 15.00 20.00 1907 Wire edge, without periods. .. .10.50 12.50 1907 Without motto Xo premium Small premium on some not mentioned, if in fine condition. DOUBLE EAGLES ($20.00) Coinage commenced 1849. Unless artifieally re- duced in weight should continue current for fifty years from date of coinage. *1849 Only specimen coined is in the collection at the Mint in Philadelphia, and is owned 56 National Coin Book 1907 by the United States Government. Large sums of money have been offered for this unique coin but it is not for sale at any price. Flving eagle, date in Roman numbers (MCMVII) 25.00 PATTERN PIECES FOUR DOLLARS (Stella) Originally intended as an international coin. 1879 Star on reverse ' 40.00 1880 Star on reverse 50.00 FIFTY DOLLARS 1877 1877 13 Stars. No Stars. Sold in 1909 for $10,000 each, the highest prices ever paid for an American coin. Wilkinsburg, Pa., U. S. A. 57 PRIVATE GOLD COINS These il coins" were issued by private parties in Georgia, the Carolinas, and the Far West, from 1830 to 1875, the first ones being struck by Temple- ton Reid, an assayer, located near the gold mines in Lumpkin County, Georgia. The pieces never were legal coinage or legal tender, although they passed current at a time when there occurred a shortage of coins with which to transact business. In the case of the Far West, the Government began negotiations w r ith the firm of Moffatt & Co. to have them coin gold for the Treasury of the United States, but negotiations came to an end with the decision to establish a mint at San Francisco. The gold half-dollars and quarter-dollars were really miniatures of the Fifty Dollar " slugs' ' and were not intended for circulation. Many of these are of base metal, thinly coated with gold, and of no value at all. The issue of private gold coins never was sanc- tioned by the United States Government; all such coinage is now prohibited. Plate F Wilkinsburg, Pa.. EL S. A. 59 QUARTER AND HALF DOLLARS All bear premiums according' to variety and condition. DOLLARS Carolina — Bechtler ; 28 G 2.50 * . . . . Carolina— A. Bechtler ; 27 G 2.50 X. Carolina— C. Bechtler : 28 G 2.50 N. Carolina— C. Bechtler : 30 G 2.50 1849 California— S. F 4.00 1853 California— Round 3.50 1854 California— Round 2.50 *1870-72 California— Round 2.25 *1853-60 California— Octagon 2.25 1871-76 California— Indian 2.25 TWO AND ONE-HALF DOLLARS Carolina— Bechtler: 67 G 5.00 7.00 Carolina 70 G 5.00 7.00 X. Carolina— C. Bechtler ; 75 G. . 8.00 10.00 Georgia— Bechtler ; 64 G 5.00 10.00 1830 Georgia-T. Reid 15.00 25.00 1848 California— Cal. above eaele . . . 4.00 1849 California— Pelican Co 6.00 10.00 *1849 Utah— Clasped hands ; Ere 5.00 10.00 .... Colorado— J. J. Conway 15.00 25.00 .... Colorado — John Parsons & Co. .25.00 35.00 1860 Colorado— Clark & Co 5.00 7.50 1861 Colorado— Clark. Gruber & Co. 5.00 7.50 60 National Coin Book FIVE DOLLARS 1849 California— Mass. & Cal. Co. . . . 15.00 25.00 1849 California— Cinn. Mining & T. Co 15.00 25.00 1849 California— X. G. & N 7,50 12.50 *1849 California— Pacific Co 15.00 25.00 1849 California— Moffat & Co. S.M.V. 7.50 15.00 1850 California— Baldwin & Co 12.50 20.00 1850 California— Dubosq & Co 15.00 25.00 1850 California— Moffat & Co 7,50 1851 California — Shults & Co 15.00 35.00 1851 Calif ornia— Dunbar & Co 15.00 35.00 1852 California— W. M. & Co 7,50 15.00 Carolina— A. Bechtler: 128 G. . 7,50 10.00 .... Carolina— A. Bechtler: 134 G. . 7,50 10.00 .... Carolina— A. Bechtler: 141 G. . 7,50 10.00 *1834 Carolina— C. Bechtler: 140 G. . 7,50 10.00 1834 Carolina— A. Bechtler 7,50 10.00 .... N. Carolina— C. Bechtler: 150 G.10.00 12,50 .... X. Carolina— C. Bechtler 10.00 12.50 .... Colorado— John. Parsons & Co .. 25.00 40 JO .... Colorado— J. J. Conwav & Co. . 20.00 35.00 *1860 Colorado— Clark & Co 7,50 1861 Colorado— Clark, Gruber & Co.. 7,50 10.00 *.... Georgia— C. Bechtler: 128 G. . . 7,50 12,50 1830 Georgia— Templeton Reid 15.00 22.50 *1849 Oregon— Oregon Exchange Co.. 15.00 25.00 1849 Utah— Clasped hands: Eves 7,50 12,50 1850 Utah— Clasped hands: Eyes.... 7,50 12,50 *1860 Utah— Lion: Eve and Beehive. .12,50 20.00 WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. 61 TEN DOLLARS .... California— J. S. 0. ; 10 Dollars. .... California-Miner's Bank; Eagle 1849 California— Cinn. Min'g & T. Co, 1849 California— Moffat & Co.. ..... . 1849 California— Pacific Co 1849 California— Templeton Reid . . . 1850 Calif ornia— Baldwin & Co 1850 California— Dubosq & Co *1851 California— Baldwin & Co 1852 California— AY. M. & Co 1852 Calif ornia— Moffat & Co *•! 852 California — Augustus Humbert . 1852 California— U. S. Assav Office.. 1853 California— IT. S. Assay Office.. 1855 California— W. M. & Co .... Colorado — J. J. Conway & Co. . 1860 Colorado— Clark, Gruber & Co.. 1861 Colorado— Head ; C. G. Co .... Georgia — Templeton Reid 1830 Georgia— Templeton Reid 1849 Oregon — Oregon Exchange Co.. 1849 Utah — Clasped hands; Eye TWENTY DOLLARS 1851 Calif ornia— Baldwin & Co 1852 California — A. Humbert 1853 California— Moffat & Co 1853 California— U. S. Assay Office.. 1854 California — Kellogg & Co 1855 California — Kellogg & Co 1855 Calif ornia— W. M. & Co *1860 Colorado— Clark, Gruber & Co.. 1861 Colorado— Clark, Gruber & Co.. *1849 Utah— Clasped hands; Eye 25.00 40.00 35.00 50.00 30.00 50.00 13.50 25.00 50.00 35.00 50.00 25.00 40.00 25.00 40.00 20.00 35.00 15.00 15.00 12.50 12.00 12.50 13.50 25.00 50.00 15.00 20.00 15.00 20.00 35.00 30.00 50.00 25.00 40.00 20.00 35.00 25.00 50.00 35.00 50.00 22.50 22.50 22.50 22.50 25.00 35.00 35.00 50.00 35.00 50.00 35.00 50.00 STATEASSAYER DW^ CARAT CALr 44 — 18 5 CTS ;40.07 Plate G Wilkinsburg, Pa., U. S. A. 63 TWENTY-FIVE DOLLARS *1849 California— Templeton Keid; $XXV 50.00 90.00 FIFTY DOLLARS California (Octagon) *1851 Humbert, 50 in centre j 887 Thous.. 75.00 100.00 1851 Humbert, without 50; 887 Thous.. 75.00 100.00 1851 Humbert 75.00 100.00 1851 Humbert, milled edge ; 887 Thous. 75.00 100.00 1851 Humbert. 50 in centre ; 880 Thous. 75.00 100.00 1851 Humbert, without 50 ; 880 Thous.. 75.00 100.00 1852 Humbert. U.S. Assay ; 887 Thous. 75.00 100.00 1852 Humbert, 887 Thous 75.00 100.00 1852 Humbert, 900 Thous 75.00 100.00 (Round) 1855 Wass, Molitor & Co. ; 900 Thous.100.00 125.00 1855 Kellogg & Co. ; 887 Thous 90.00 150.00 GOLD INGOTS (Oblong) California .... $9.43 Moffat & Co 15.00 50.00 16.00 Moffat & Co 25.00 50.00 1850 36.55 F. D. Kohler 50.00 85.00 *1850 40.07 F. D. Kohler 70.00 100.00 1850 45.34 F. D. Kohler 75.00 125.00 1850 50.00 F. D. Kohler 90.00 150.00 64 National Coin Book GOLD DOUBLOON New York 1787 Rising Sun; Eagle, E. B. Only 6 known, one in the U. S. Mint. Auction record of one sold in Philadelphia, in 1907, $6,200.00 Wilkinsburg, Pa., U. S. A. 65 NECESSITY MONEY (Enclosed Postage Stamps) Unused postage stamps with faces protected by layer of mica, and enclosed in metal disks bearing commercial advertisement. Patented by J. Gault, August, 1862, and passed as currency from 1861 to 1865. ONE CENT STAMPS (Blue) Aerated Bread Co., New York. Arthur M. Claflin, Hopkinton, R. I. Bailey & Co., Philadelphia, Pa. Dougan, The Hatter, New York. Drake's Plantation Bitters. G. G. Evans, California Wines. J. Gault, Patent Aug. 12, 1862. Jas. L. Bates, Boston. John Shillito & Co., Cincinnati, Ohio. Kilpatrick & Gault. L. Hopkins & Co., Cincinnati, Ohio. Lord & Taylor, New York. Mendum's Family "Wine Store, New York. North American Life Insurance Co., New York. N. & G. Tavlor Co., Philadelphia. S. Steinfeld, New York. Schapker & Bussing, Evansville, Ind. White, The Hatter, New York. TWO CENT STAMPS (Black) J. Gault, Pat. Aug. 12, 1862. 66 National Coin Book THREE CENT STAMPS (Red) Oyer's Cathartic Pills. Bailey & Co., Philadelphia. Dougan, The Hatter, New York. Ellis, MeAlpine & Co., Cincinnati. G. G. Evans, Cincinnati. Gage Bros. & Drake, Chicago. J. Gault, Pat. Aug. 12, 1862. L. Hopkins & Co.. Cincinnati. Kilpatrick & Gault. Lord & Taylor, New York. Mendum's Familv Wine Store, New York. N. G. Taylor & Co., Philadelphia, Pa. North American Life Insurance Co. Pearce, Tolle & Holton, Cincinnati. Schapker & Bussing. Evansville, Ind. White. The Hatter, New York. FIVE CENT STAMPS (Brown) Ayer's Sarsaparilla. Ellis, MeAlpine & Co., Cincinnati, Ohio. Gage Bros. & Clarke, Chicago. H. A. Cook, Evansville, Ind. Hunt & Nash, New York City. Jas. L. Bates, Boston. John Shillito & Co., Cincinnati. Lord & Taylor, New York City. N. G. Taylor & Co., Philadelphia. Pearce, Tolle & Holton, Cincinnati. Weir & Laramie, Montreal. Canada. TEN CENT STAMPS (Green) Ayer's Cathartic Pills. Bailey & Co., Philadelphia. Wilkinsburg, Pa., U. S. A. 67 Drake's Plantation Bitters. Drink Sand's Ale. Ellis, McAlpine & Co., Cincinnati. H. A. Cook, Evansville, Ind. Hunt & Nash, New York City. J. Gault, Patent Aug. 12, 1862. John Shillito & Co., Cincinnati. Lord & Taylor, New York. Weir & Laramie, Montreal, Canada. TWELVE CENT STAMPS (Black) Burnett's Cocaine Kaliston. Hunt & Nash, New York. J. Gault, Patent Aug. 12th, 1862. Kilpatrick & Gault. Lord & Taylor, New York. TWENTY-FOUR CENT STAMPS (Violet) Ellis, McAlpine & Co., Cincinnati. J. Gault, Patent Aug. 12th, 1862. Kilpatrick & Gault. Lord & Taylor, New York. THIRTY CENT STAMPS (Orange) Burnett's Standard Cooking Extracts. J. Gault, Patent Aug. 12th, 1862. Kilpatrick & Gault. Lord and Taylor^ New York. NINETY CENT STAMPS (Blue) J. Gault, Patent Aug. 12, 1862. 68 National Coin Book HARD TIMES TOKENS (Jackson Cents) Size of large copper cents. Issued 1834 to 1841. Mostly copper, some in brass. About 100 varieties. None very valuable. WAR TOKENS Size of small cent, made of copper, brass, white metal, and copper-nickel. Privately issued and passed "current" during the civil war. None very valuable. SPIEL MARKS Imitation of United States coins, originally is- sued as counters. No value. FEUCHTW ANGER COINS Made of "German silver" by Dr. Lewis Feucht- wanger, who tried to have Congress adopt the metal for the minor coinage. 1837 Cent ; eagle on rock holding snake 05 1837 Three cents; eagle on rock holding snake .50 WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. CONFEDERATE COINS 69 1860 Half Dollar (restrikes) 3.00 Struck at New Orleans mint after the seizure by the Confederacy. Only about four pieces struck ; now very valuable. Restrikes were issued at a later date. 1860 Cent (Token) brass 25 1861 Dime (Medalet) 5.00 70 National Coin Book EARLY CURRENCY OF NORTH AMERICA The scarcity of money in the colonies of North America (Spanish-American settlements excepted) with which to carry on trade, made it necessary to resort to staple products as a means of expressing values. In the Southern colonies, especially in Vir- ginia, tobacco was extensively used until the enor- mous production of the plant restricted its use as money. Powder and bullets were used as a medium of exchange, and in the New England colonies gen- erally, fish, furs and grain were accepted in settle- ment of private debts and for taxes. Wampum (beads formed of the interior part of shells), the money of the Indians, was also in use. In 1652, in order to relieve the money string- ency, a mint was opened in Boston and the "New England Shilling, Sixpence and Threepence" were struck, the mint continuing operations until 1683, never really having been authorized by the Crown. Then followed several unsuccessful attempts to establish special coinages, until Spanish-American silver w T as legalized and the "Spanish Pillar Dol- lar," also the "Spanish Milled Dollar" (known as "Piece of Eight") became the legal monetary unit. From 1775 to 1779, enormous issues of paper currency authorized by the Congress, read "pay- able in Spanish Milled Dollars," and ground leases still exist drawn in the same monetary terms. WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. 71 After independence had been achieved in the American colonies, steps were taken to establish a more staple coinage and, in 1787, a contract was awarded James Jarvis whereby he was to coin three hundred tons of copper for the National Treasury. These coins, known as "Fugios," bear the inscription "Mind Your Business," typifying the then state of mind of the people. 72 National, Coin Book KEY TO INSCRIPTIONS ON COLONIAL COINS AUCTORI CONNEC— By authority of Connecticut. AUCTORI VERMON.— By authority of Vermont. CONFEDERATIO— Confederation. ECCE REX— Behold the King. E PLURIBUS UNUM— One out of many. EXCELSIOR— Higher. FUGIO— Time is flying. FLOREAT REX— May the king be prosperous. GEORGIUS DEI GRATIA REX— George, King, by grace of God. GEORGIUS TRIUMPHO— George triumphs. HIBERNIA— Ireland. IMMUNE COLUMBIA— By a free Columbia. IMMUNIS COLUMBIA— Free Columbia. INDE ET MB— Independence and liberty. INIMICA TYRANNIS AMERICANA— America, foe of tyranny. JUSTITIA— Justice. LIBERTAS— Liberty. LIBERNATUS LIBERT ATEM DEFENDO — I, a freeman, defend liberty. NOVA CAESAREA— New Jersey. NOVA CONSTELLATIO— New series. NOVA EBORAC— New York. NON DEPENDENS STATUS — An independent state. Wilkinsburg, Pa., U. S. A. 73 NON VI VIRTUTE VI VI— I live by virtue, not by force. PLEBIS — For the common people. QUIESCAT PLEBS— May the common people rest. STELLA— Star. UTILE DULCI— The agreeable with the useful. VERMONTIS RES PUBLIC A— Republic of Ver- mont. VERMONTIS REPUBLICA — Commonwealth of Vermont. VIRT ET LIB— Virtue and liberty. VOCE POPOLI— By voice of the people. Plate H Wilkinsburg, Pa., U. S. A. 75 EARLY AMERICAN COINS (Copper unless otherwise specified) Carolina *1694 Half penny — God Preserve Caro- lina 15.00 30.00 Connecticut ...... Ill Pence— Axe ; J Cut My Way Through ....' 15.00 25.00 1737 III Pence— Hammers ; Connecti- cut 15.00 25.00 # 1737 III Pence — Hammers; I Am Good Copper . . 15.00 25.00 1737 III Pence— Axe ; J Cut My Way Through . . . 15.00 25.00 •1785, 1786, 1787/ 1788— Mailed bust. . .10 .20 There are numerous other varieties, of more or less value. Kentucky .... Half penny — Pyramid of stars. .25 .50 1796 Half penny— Myddleton :. .25 .50 1796 Half penny— Myddleton (silver) 5.00 10.00 76 National Coin Book Maryland *1783 Three pence— Annapolis (silver) 3.00 4.00 *1783 Six pence— Annapolis (silver) . . 2.00 3.00 *1783 Shilling— Equal to One Shi. (silver) 5.00 *1783 Shilling— Two doves (silver)... 2.00 1790 Three pence — Baltimore Town (silver) 4.00 .... IV pence — Lord Baltimore (sil- ver) 4.00 .... VI pence — Lord Baltimore (sil- ver) 4.00 .... XII pence — Lord Baltimore (sil- ver) 5.00 Massachusetts (Milled and plain edges) *1776 Half penny— Three heads 5.00 *1787 Half cent— Indian 25 1787 One cent— Indian 10 1788 Half cent— Indian 25 1788 One cent— Indian 10 1652 III Pence— Pine tree (silver) . . . 2.00 1652 VI Pence — Pine tree (silver) ... 2.50 *1652 XII Pence— Pine tree (silver) . . 3.00 1652 II Pence— Oak tree (silver) .... 1.00 1652 III Pence— Oak tree (silver) . . . 1.50 1652 VI Pence— Oak tree (silver) . . . 2.00 *1652 XII Pence— Oak tree (silver) . . 2.50 Wilkinsburg, Pa., U. S. A. 77 New England *'. . . . Ill Pence— N. E. (silver) 7.50 15.00 .... VI Pence— N. E. (silver) 10.00 20.00 *, . . . XII Pence— N. E. (silver) 10.00 20.00 New Hampshire 1776 Half penny— American Liberty. 5.00 10.00 1776 Half penny— Liberty American. 3.00 5.00 New Jersey (Nova Caesarea) *1786 Cent— Shield. Date below plow .10 .25 1787 Cent — Horse head. Date below plow 10 .25 1788 Cent— Horse head, (left) 50 1.00 These cents embrace several varieties. Plate I Wilkinsburg, Pa,, U. S. A. 79 New York (Nova Eboracs) .... Cent — New Yorke in America (brass) 3.00 5.00 .... Cent — New Yorke in America (lead) 3.00 5.00 1786 Cent— Non Vi Virtute Vici 10.00 35.00 1787 Cent— Eagle on globe 10.00 20.00 *1787 Cent— Arms of New York. ..... 3.00 5.00 1787 Cent— George Clinton 3.00 5.00 1787 Cent— Justice ; Eagle 1.00 3.50 1787 Cent— Liberty to right 10 .25 1794 Cent— Talhot, Alum & Lee 15 .30 Rosa Americana Two pence— Utile Dulci 25 1.00 1722 Half penny— Utile Dulci 25 1.50 1722 Penny— Utile Dulci 25 1.00 1722 Two pence— Ytile Dvlci 50 1.50 1723 Half penny— Crowned rose 25 1.00 1723 Half penny — Uncrowned rose. . . .25 1.50 1723 Penny— Crowned rose .25 1.00 1723 Two pence — Crowned rose..... .25 1.00 1724 Penny— Utile Dulci 2.50 7.50 1733 Two pence— Rose 10.00 25.00 80 National Coin Book Sommer Islands Supposed to have been coined in 1616. Ill Pence (copper) Boar; ship. .15.00 35.00 VI Pence (copper) Boar; ship. .15.00 35.00 XII Pence (copper) Boar; ship. 15.00 40.00 Pound (gold) Boar; ship, 150.00 200.00 Vermont 1785 Cent — Justice ; Immune Columbia 1.00 2.50 1785 Cent— Eye in Sun 50 .75 1786 Cent— Bust; Vermon Auctori. . . .15 .30 . 1787 Cent— Bust; Vermon Auctori. . . .15 .30 1787 Cent— Brittannia 15 .30 1788 Cent— Bust; Vermon Auctori. . . .10 .15 Virginia *1773 Half penny 10 .25 1773 Penny 15 .35 1774 Half penny 15 .35 1774 Penny 25 .50 1774 Shilling (silver) 15.00 35.00 WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. WASHINGTON PIECES 81 1791 1795 1783 1783 1783 1784 1787 1791 1791 1792 1792 1792 1792 1792 1792 1792 1792 Copper Half Pennies Bust ; Ship, Liverpool 3.50 Bust ; Liberty and Security 2.50 Copper Cents Bust ; Unity States 25 Bust ; Wash. & Ind. ; Liberty seated 25 Bust ; Military dress 15 Bust ; Chain, 13 rings . 3.00 Bust ; Wash. & Indep .50 Bust ; Large eagle, 8 stars 1.25 Bust ; Small eagle, 8 stars 1.00 Bust; U. S. of A. on edge 75 Geo. Ill; Small eagle, 6 stars. . .25 Bust; Small eagle, 6 stars 3.50 Bust ; Large eagle, 13 stars .... 2.50 Bust ; American Armies 5.00 Bust ; North Wales 25 Bust ; Success to U. S. (brass) . .50 Large eagle, 13 stars (silver)... 7.50 Bust; Eagle, 15 stars (copper half dollar) 3.50 Bust; Eagle, 15 stars (silver half dollar) 20.00 7.50 5.00 .50 .50 .25 5.00 .75 2.50 1.50 1.00 .50 7.50 5.00 10.00 .75 1.00 12.50 7.50 35.00 Plate J Wilkinsburg, Pa., U. S. A. 83 CONTINENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PIECES Issued before the establishment of the regular United States Mint. The first authorized United States coin was the Fugio or Franklin cent. They are all dated 1787. *1783 Cent— Libertas Justitia 15 .25 1785 Cent— Const elation 15 .25 *1785 Cent — U. S. in script 15 .25 1785 Cent — Immunis Columbia 5.00 7.50 *1785 Cent — Inimica Tyrannis 7.50 15.00 1786 Cent— Const elatio; U. S. in Ro- man letters 15 .25 *1786 Cent— Eagle; E Pluribus Unum. 1.50 3.50 1786 Cent — Immunis Columbia 2.50 5.00 1787 Cent — Fugio or Franklin (cop- per) 15 .25 1787 Cent — Fugio or Franklin (sil- ver) :. 1.50 2.50 1792 Cent— Bust: U. S. of America. . 1.50 3.50 1792 Cent— Bust; U. S. of America (silver centre) 15.00 25.00 *1776 Dollar— Sun over dial (pewter) 2.50 5.00 1776 Dollar— Sun over dial (brass) . . 5.00 10.00 1776 Dollar— Sun over dial (silver).. 10.00 25.00 1776 Dollar— Sun over dial; EG Fecit (pewter) 2.50 5.00 *1792 Half Disme 2.50 5.00 Silver for this piece was supplied by "Washington from his private plate. 1792 One Disme (silver) 10.00 15.00 1783 100 Mills (silver) Dime 25.00 50.00 1783 500 Mills (silver) Half Dollar. .50.00 75.00 1783 1000 Mills (silver) Dollar. .... .50.00 75.00 * . . . . Cent— U. S. A. ; 13 bars 1.00 2.50 84 National Coin Book PAPER MONEY OF THE UNITED STATES The First Paper Money ever issued by the United States Government, and known as "demand notes," was authorized by Acts of July 17, and August 5, 1861. United States Treasury Notes prior to 1869 were printed on plain bank note paper. In 1869 the paper with silk fibre was substituted. Demand Notes were paid in gold when pre- sented for redemption. "Coin" Obligations of the Government are re- deemable in either gold or silver, as demanded. Gold Certificates are redeemable in gold coin. Silver Certificates are redeemable in standard silver dollars only. Treasury Notes of the Act of July 14, 1890, are legal tender for all debts, public and private, except where otherwise expressly stipulated in the con- tract. They are redeemable in United States gold coin in any amount by the Treasurer and all assist- ant treasurers of the United States. United States Notes are legal tender for all debts, public and private, except duties on imports and interest on the public debt. They are redeem- able in United States gold coin in any amount by the Treasurer and all the assistant treasurers of the United States. Gold Certificates, silver certificates, and na- tional-bank notes are not legal tender, but both Wilkinsburg, Pa., U. S. A. 85 classes of certificates are receivable for all public dues, while national-bank notes are receivable for all public dues except duties on imports. All Notes equalling or exceeding three-fifths of their original proportions, and bearing the name of the bank and the signature of one of its officers, are redeemable at their face value. Mutilated United States notes, gold certificates and silver certificates are redeemable at their face value by the Treasurer and assistant treasurers, when not more than two-fifths of the note is miss- ing. "When mutilated so that three-fifths, but clear- ly more than two-fifths, of the original proportion remain, are redeemable by the Treasurer only, at one-half the face value of the whole note or certifi- cate, unless when accompanied by an affidavit that the missing portions are totally destroyed, and then all fragments are redeemable at full face value. The Life of an ordinary one dollar bill averages 1.12 vears. 86 National Coin Book NATIONAL BANKS A national bank may be organized by not less than five persons anywhere in the United Spates, subject to the following requirements as to capital and population: 1. With not less than $25,000 capital in any place having 3.000 inhabitants or less. 2. With not less than $50,000 capital in any place having 6,000 inhabitants or less. 3. With not less than $100,000 capital in any city having over 6,000 but not more than 50,000 inhabitants. 4. With not less than $200,000 capital in any city having over 50,000 inhabitants. Banks with a capital not exceeding $150,000 must deposit with the United States Treasurer in- terest-bearing bonds of the United States, par value, to an amount not less than one-fourth of their capi- tal stock. Banks with a capital exceeding $150,000 must deposit similar bonds to the amount of at least $50,000, par value. Every national bank is required by law to make to the Comptroller not less than five sworn reports every year, showing in detail its resources and lia- bilities, and it is required to publish the reports in a local newspaper; also to make a sworn report of every dividend declared, gross earnings, losses, ex- penses, and net profits. Wilkinsburg, Pa., U. S. A. 87 The affairs of every bank are examined about twice a year by an examiner, who verifies its assets and audits its accounts, and wiio is empowered by law to examine every officer and employee of the bank under oath, if necessary, to find out its true condition. On January 26, 1907, an act was approved pro- hibiting national banks from making money con- tributions in connection with political elections. All national banks are required by law to receive the notes of other national banks at par. National-bank notes are redeemable in lawful money of the United States by the Treasurer, but not by the assistant treasurers of the United States. They are also redeemable at the bank of issue. In order to provide for the redemption of its notes when presented, every national bank is required by law to keep on deposit with the Treasurer a sum equal to 5 per cent, of its circulation. 88 National Coin Book HOW TO DETECT COUNTERFEIT BILLS U. S. Notes of 1862 and 1863 have no jute or fibre in the paper. No Gold Certificates have been issued below the denomination of $10. Very Pew National Bank Bills bearing red pointed seal have any fibre in the paper. All Notes have the check letters A, B, C, D printed on the face of the note in upper and lower corners, diagonally opposite. Some banks have been furnished with notes bearing other check letters. Government Notes (not National Bank notes) are printed four of a denomination on a sheet, and lettered respectively A, B, C, D. Also, each note bears a Treasury number. Divide this number, or only the last two figures of it by four — if the re- mainder is one the check letter should be A; if two then B; if three then C; if no remainder then D. Any other result shows the numbering is wrong and the bill a counterfeit. This is the case in general, although it is possible to find some counterfeits cor- rectly numbered. Wilkinsburg, Pa., U. S. A. 89 FRACTIONAL CURRENCY About January 1, 1862, specie payments being suspended, gold and silver coins disappeared from circulation. For a time the use of tickets, due bills, and other forms of private obligations, took the place of subsidiary coins. Congress interfered and authorized the use of postage stamps for change. This was followed by postal currency, and, finally, by fractional currency in denominations correspond- ing to the silver subsidiary coins. The highest amount authorized was $50,000. There is still out- standing $15,232,088.90, of which $8,375,934 is offi- cially estimated to have been destroyed. (Prices quoted are for notes in new and perfect condition only.) First Issue August 21, 1862, to May 27, 1863. Perforated Edges. 5 Cents — Jefferson, brown 25 10 Cents — Washington, green 35 25 Cents — Jefferson, brown 60 50 Cents — -Washington, green . . 85 Plain Edges. 5 Cents — Jefferson, brown 10 10 Cents— Washington, green 15 25 Cents — Jefferson, brown 30 50 Cents — Washington, green 65 Second Issue October 10, 1863, to February 23, 1867. Bust of Washington in frame in centre of note. 5 Cents — Brown 10 10 Cents— Green 15 90 National Coin Book 25 Cents— Purple 30 50 Cents — Carmine 75 5 Cents — Brown, fibre paper 15 10 Cents — Green, fibre paper . .25 25 Cents — Purple, fibre paper 50 50 Cents — Carmine, fibre paper 1.00 Third Issue December 5, 1864, to August 16, 1869. 3 Cents — Washington, green 25 5 Cents — Clark, green 10 10 Cents — Washington, green 15 25 Cents — Fessenden, green 35 50 Cents — Spinner, green 60 50 Cents — Justice seated 70 5 Cents — Clarke, carmine 35 10 Cents — Washington, carmine .40 25 Cents — Fessenden, carmine 65 50 Cents — Spinner, carmine 1.00 50 Cents — Justice seated, carmine 1.25 Fourth Issue July 14, 1869, to February 15, 1875. 10 Cents— Liberty 15 15 Cents— Columbia 40 25 Cents — Washington 30 50 Cents— Stanton 75 50 Cents— Lincoln 60 Fifth Issue February 26, 1874, to February 15, 1876. 10 Cents— Meredith 20 10 Cents— Meredith, r^ed seal 15 25 Cents— Walker 30 50 Cents— Dexter 60 50 Cents— Crawford 60 WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. 91 CANADIAN MONEY The coinage of Canada consists of silver and bronze in denominations from One Cent to Fifty Cents. Previous to 1908 all coins for Canada were struck in England, but in that year a mint was opened at Ottawa, where the coins are now struck. British and United States gold are current. The system of paper money is similar to that of the United States. RARE COINS AND TOKENS These prices are for fine condition only. 1670 Fifteen Sols ; bust (silver) 150.00 1670 Five Sols ; bust (silver) 5.00 1670 Double ; Crowned L 100.00 1717 XII Deniers, Colonies 25.00 1717 VI Deniers, Colonies 25.00 1752 Jeton (for French Colonies in America (silver) 7.00 1796 Half Penny, Copper Co. of U. C. (silver) 20.00 1820 Bust ; North West Company 15.00 1823 Bust ; 1/50 Dollar, Colonial 15.00 1823 Bust ; 1/100 Dollar, Colonial 10.00 1832 Half Penny Token ; Nova Scotia 10.00 1837 Th. & Wm. Molson, Montreal (silver) . 20.00 1837 Bouquet; % Penny Token, Montreal. 100.00 Bouquet: V 2 Penny Token, Montreal. 25.00 Bouquet; Sou Token, Montreal 20.00 1839 Half Penny, Bank of Montreal 7.50 1839 One Penny, Bank of Montreal 15.00 1852 Hunterstown 30.00 Plate K Wilkinsburg, Pa., U. S. A. 93 1862 10 Dollars (gold) . . 50.00 1862 20 Dollars (gold) . 50.00 R. W. Owen Montreal Ropery 20.00 F. McDermott, St. Johns, N. B 8.00 .... Peter McAusline, Newfoundland .... 25.00 I . . . Ship; Ships Colonies & Commerce. . . . 20.00 Worthless Bills of Banks Closed Through Failure, Liquidations, Etc. ! Agricultural Bank of Upper Canada, Toronto. Ont. Bank of Acadia, Liverpool, N. S. Bank of Brantford, Brantford, Ont. Bank of Canada, Montreal, P. Q. Bank of Clifton, Clifton, Ont. Bank of Liverpool, Liverpool, N. S. Bank of London, London, Ont. Bank of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, P. E. I. Bank of the People, Toronto, Ont. Bank of Upper Canada, Toronto, Ont. Bank of Western Canada, Clifton, Ont. British Canadian Bank, Toronto, Ont. 1 Central Bank of New Brunswick, Fredericton, N. B. Charlotte Co. Bank, St. Andrews, N. B. City Bank of Montreal, Montreal, P. Q. Colonial Bank of Canada, Toronto, Ont. . Commercial Bank of New Brunswick, St. John, N.B. Commercial Bank of Newfoundland, St. John, N. B. Consolidated Bank of Canada, Montreal, P. Q. Exchange Bank of Canada, Montreal, P. Q. 94 National Coin Book Farmers' Bank, Rustico, P. E. I. Farmers' Joint Stock Banking Co., Toronto, Ont. Federal Banks of Canada, Toronto, Ont. International Bank of Canada, Toronto, Ont. Maratime Bank, St. John, N. B. Mechanics' Bank, Montreal, P. Q. Metropolitan Bank, Montreal, P. Q. (Before 1876.) Pictou Bank, Pictou, N. S. Provincial Bank of Canada, Staustead, P. Q. Royal Canadian Bank, Montreal, P. Q. Stadacona Bank, Quebec, P. Q. Union Bank of Montreal, Montreal, P. Q. Union Bank of Newfoundland, St. Johns, N. F. Westmoreland Bank of N. B., Moncton, N. B. Zimmerman's Bank, Elgin, Ont. Plate L 96 National Coin Book TABLE OF FOREIGN COINS With Values in U. S., and Prices Paid by Money Brokers. (Un current coins worth bullion value.) G(old) S(tandard) C(entral) A(merica) M(onetary) U(nit) S (ilver ) S (tandard) S(outh) A(merica) U. S. rU. S. Value) ARGENTINE REPUBLIC (S. A.) G. S. M. U. ; Peso (100 Centavos) U. S. $.35 Gold Silver 1 Peso 30 50 Centavos 15 20 Centavos 06 10 Centavos 03 20 Pesos 19.00 10 Pesos (Colon).. 9.50 5 Pesos 4.75 Nickel— 20, 10, 5 Centavos. Copper — 2, 1 Centavos. AUSTRIA-HUNGARY G. S. M. U., Krone (100 Heller or Filler) U.S. $.203 Gold Quadruple Ducat ..8.50 One Ducat (4 Fl. 80 Kr.) 2.10 8 Florins (20 Francs) . . .3.80 4 Florins flO Francs) . ..1.90 ?0 Kronen 4.00 10 Kronen 2.00 Copper — 2, 1 Heller. Silver before 1899, demonetized Silver 5 Kronen 95 2 Kronen (1 Florin) 37 1 Krone 18 Nickel 20 Heller 03 10 Heller 01 Wilkinsburg, Pa., U. S. A. 97 BELGIUM (Same as France.) Nickel without hole in centre, demonetized. BOLIVIA (S. A.) S. S. M. XL, Peso or Boliviano (100 Centavos) U. S. $.389 Gold Silver 20 Boliviano 7.20 10 Boliviano 3.60 5 Boliviano 1.75 1 Peso 35 50 Centavos 15 20 Centavos . . 06 10 Centavos 03 5 Centavos 01 Nickel — 10, 5 Centavos. BRAZIL (S. A.) G. S. M. U., Milreis (1000 Reis) U. S. $.35 Gold Silver 40 Milreis 20.00 20 Milreis 10.00 10 Milreis 5.00 5 Milreis 2.50 Nickel— 400, 200, 100 Reis. Copper— 40, 20, 10, 5 Reis. 2000 Reis 35 1000 Reis 17 500 Reis 08 200 Reis 02 CANADA G. S. M. U., Dollar (100 Cents) U. S. $1.00 Gold— 10, 5 Dollars. Silver— 50, 25, 10, 5 Cents. Copper — 1 Cent. Par, less small discount. 98 National COix Book CHINA: Hong Kong 8. S. M. IL, Dollar (100 Cents) U. S. $.50 Silver Dollar (7 Mace, 2 Candareens) 30 50 Cents (3M 6C) . . .15 I 10 Cents 03 20 Cents (1M 4 4C) .06 | 5 Cents 01 Copper — 2, 1 Cent. CHILI (S. A.) G. S. M. IL, Peso (100 Centavos) U. S. $.365 Gold 20 Pesos (Condor).. 7.00 10 Pesos (Doubloon) 3.50 5 Pesos (Escudo) . .1.75 Silver (.835 Fine) 1 Peso 30 50 Centavos 15 40 Centavos 12 20 Centavos 06 10 " (Decimo) .03 5 Centavos 02 Nickel— 2, 1, % Centavos. Copper — 2, 1, V 2 Centavos. Silver of lesser fineness, twenty cents the Peso. COLUMBIA (S. A.) G. S. M. IL, Peso (100 Centavos; U. S. $.382 Gold Silver Double Condor . . .19.00 1 Peso 30 Condor (10 Pesos). 9.50 50 Centavos 15 Half Condor ..... 4.75 20 Centavos 06 COSTA RICA (C. A.) G. S. M. IL, Colon (100 Centavos) U. S. $.465 Gold Silver 20 Colones 9.15 50 Centavos 18 10 Colones 4.55 5 Colones 2.25 2 Colones 90 25 Centavos 08 10 .Centavos 03 5 Centavos 01 WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. 99 CUBA Uses Spanish silver and gold, also French gold. Cuban money before 1898. worthless. DENMARK G. S. M. IL, Krone (100 Ore) U. S. $.268 Gold 20 Kroner 5.20 10 Kroner 2.60 5 Kroner 1.30 Copper 5, 2, 1 Ore. Rigsdalers, demonetized. ECUADOR (S. A.) G. S. M. IL, Sucre (100 Centavos) Silver 5 Kroner 1.25 2 Kroner 50 1 Krona 24 50 Ore 12 25 Ore 06 10 Ore 02 U. S. $.487 Gold 20 Sucres (Condor). 9.00 10 Sucres 4.50 4 Sucres .1.80 2 Sucres 90 1 Sucre 45 Nickel — 5. 2 Centavos. Copper — 2, 1 Centavos. EGYPT G. S. M. IL, Piastre (10 Millieme) Silver 1 Sucre 35 V 2 Sucre 15 2 Decimo de Sucre. .02 1 Decimo de Sucre. .01 V 9 Decimo de Sucre. U. S. $.05 Gold 100 Piastres 4.50 50 Piastres 2.25 25 Piastres 1.10 10 Piastres . .50 5 Piastres 25 Nickel— 5. 2. 1 Millieme. Copper — y 2 , % Millieme. Silver 20 Piastres 60 10 Piastres 30 5 Piastres 15 2 Piastres 06 J Piastre 03 Plate M WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. 101 FINLAND G. S. M. XL, Markkaa (100 Pennia) U. S. $.193 Gold 20 Markkaa 3.82 10 Markkaa 1.90 Silver 2 Markkaa 32 1 Markkaa 16 50 Pennia 07 25 Pennia 03 Copper — 10, 5, 1 Pennia. FRANCE M. U., Franc (100 Centimes) G. S. Gold 100 Francs 19.15 50 Francs 9.55 40 Francs 7.60 20 " (Napoleon) 3.82 10 Francs 1.90 5 Francs 95 U. S. $.193 Silver 5 Francs 90 *2 Francs 36 1 Franc 18 50 Centimes 08 Nickel 25 Centimes 03 Copper — 10, 5, 2, 1 Centimes. Silver coins before 1861 (excepting 5 Francs) de- monetized. GERMANY G. S. M. XL, Mark (100 Pfennig) U. S. $.238 Gold 20 Mark 4.70 10 Mark 2.35 5 Mark 1.15 Nickel 25 Pfennig 05 10 Pfennig 02 5 Pfennig 01 o 3 2 1 Silver Mark 1.15 Mark 67 Mark 45 Mark 22 Mark 10 Copper 2, 1 Pfennig. 20 Pfennig nickel and silver; 50 Pfennig silver be- fore 1905, demonetized. 102 National Coin Book GREECE G. S. M ? XL, Drachma (100 Lepta) U. S. $.193 Gold 100 Drachma (Mina) 19.15 50 Drachma 9.55 20 Drachma 3.82 10 Drachma 1.90 5 Drachma 90 Nickel 20 Lepta 02 Silver 5 Drachma 75 2 Drachma 30 1 Drachma 15 50 Lepta 07 Copper ' 10, 5, 2, 1 Lepta. 10 Lepta 01 Nickel and silver of 1865; 20 Lepta silver, demonet- ized. GREAT BRITAIN G. S. M. XL, Pound (20 Shillings) U. S. $4.8665 Gold 5 Sovereigns 24.25 2 Sovereigns 9.65 1 " (Pound) 4.80 y 2 Sovereign 2.40 5 Guineas 25.35 2 Guineas 10.10 1 Guinea (5 Shill- ings) 5.05 Copper Silver * Crown (5 Shillings) 1.10 i/ 2 Crown (2s 6d)... .50 2 Florins (4 Shill.) . .80 *1 Florin (2 Shill.) . .40 1 Shilling 20 6 Pence 10 4 Pence 07 3 Pence 05 2 Pence 03 n/o Pence 02 HAWAII (Sandwich Islands) United States money current. Old Hawaiian silver, bullion only. WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. 103 HOLLAND (Netherlands) G. S. M. XL, Gulden or Florin (100 Cents) U. S. $.40 Gold 1 Ducate 2.15 10 Gulden 3.90 5 Gulden 1.95 Nickel 5 Cents 01 Silver 2i/> Gulden (Rix Daler) 95 1 Gulden 38 50 Cents 18 25 Cents 08 10 Cents 03 5 Cents 01 Copper— 2%, 1, V 2 Cents. Gulden before 1840, demonetized. G. S. INDIA (British) M. U., Rupee (16 Annas) U. S. $.30 Gold 1 Mohur (16 Rupees) 5.50 Silver 1 Rupee 22 Y 2 Rupee (8 Anna) . .10 !/4 Rupee (4 Anna) . .04 2 Anna 01 Bronze — 5, 2, 1, %, % Annas. ITALY M. XL, Lira (100 Centesimi) U. S. $.193 Silver 5 Lire 90 *2 Lire 36 1 Lira 18 Nickel 20 Centesimi 02 Copper . 10, 5, 2, 1, i/ 2 Centesimi. G. S. Gold 100 Lire 19.15 80 Lire 15.30 50 Lire 9.55 40 Lire 7.65 20 Lire 3.82 10 Lire 1.90 5 Lire 95 Plate N Wilkinsburg, Pa., U. S. A. 105 20, 50 Centesimi, 1, 2, 5 Lire (silver) before 1861; 20 Centesimi before 1908; 25 Centesimi (nickel) demonetized. JAPAN G. S. M. U., Yen (100 Sen) U. S. $.498 Gold 40 Yen 19.35 20 Yen 9.65 10 Yen 4.80 5 Yen 2.40 Nickel — 5 Sen. Copper — 2, 1, }/2 Sen. Old issue demonetized. Silver Yen 30 50 Sen 12 20 Sen 05 10 Sen 02 5 Sen 01 MEXICO G. S. M. U., Peso (100 Centavos) U. S. $.40 Gold 20 Pesos .9.70 10 Pesos 4.80 5 Pesos 2.40 2y 2 Pesos 1.20 Nickel 5 Centavos 01 Silver 1 Peso .35 50 Centavos 17 20 Centavos 08 10 Centavos 03 5 Centavos 01 Copper — 2, 1 Centavos. Silver and copper before 1904, demonetized. NORWAY (Same as Denmark. 106 National Coin Book PANAMA G. S. It U., Balboa (100 Centesimos) U. S. $1.00 Silver *50 Centesimos 35 25 Centesimos 17 10 Centesimos 07 5 Centesimos 03 2y 2 Centesimos 01 Gold 20 Balboa 19.50 10 Balboa 9.25 5 Balboa 4.50 2y 2 Balboa. 2.25 1 Balboa 90 Nickel — 2y 2 , % Centesimos. 2y 2 Centesimos, silver, discontinued in 1907. PHILIPPINE ISLANDS M. XL, Peso (100 Centavos) U. S. $.50 Silver *1 Peso 35 I 20 Centavos 06 50 Centavos 15 I 10 Centavos 03 Nickel— 5 Centavos. Copper— 2, 1, y 2 Centavos. PERU (S. A.) G. S. M. XL, Sol (5 Pesetas) U. S.$.48 Gold Silver 1 Doubloon 15.00 1 Sol 35 1 Libra (10 Sols). 4.60 V 2 Sol (5 Dinero) . . .15 1/9 Libra 2.30 1/5 Libra 80 2 Dinero (1 Peseta) .06 1 Dinero 03 1/2 Dinero 01 Nickel — 10, 5 Centavos (demonetized in 1880). Copper — 2, 1 Centavos. PORTO RICO United States money current. WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. 107 PORTUGAL G. S. M. IT., Milreis (1000 Reis Gold 10 Milreis (Crown) .9.25 5 Milreis 4.60 2 Milreis 1.70 1 Milreis 85 U. S. $3.08 Silver 1 Milreis 65 50 Centavos 30 20 Centavos 12 10 Centavos . .. .06 Nickel 10 Centavos 05 5 Centavos 02 Copper — 2, 1, y 2 Centavos. Silver and nickel before 1912, demonetized. ROUMANIA G. S. M. U., Lei (100 Bani) Gold 25 Lei 4.65 20 Lei 3.70 10 Lei 1.85 5 Lei 90 Nickel— 20, 10, 5 Bani. U. S. $.195 Silver 75 30 15 07 Copper — 10, 5, 2, 1 Bani. 5 #2 1 U Lei Lei Lei Lei Copper, nickel and silver before 1908, demonetized. RUSSIA G S. M. U., Rouble (100 Kopecks) U. S. $.515 Gold 15 Roubles 7.50 10 Roubles 5.00 7% Roubles 3.75 5 Roubles 2.50 Platinum 12 Roubles 25.00 6 Roubles 10.00 3 Roubles ... 4.00 Copper — 5, 3, 2, 1, y 2 , % Kopecks. SWEDEN (Same as Denmark.) Silver 1 Rouble 48 50 Kopecks 24 25 Kopecks 10 20 Kopecks 08 15 Kopecks . 06 10 Kopecks 04 5 Kopecks 02 Plate WlLKINSBURG, Pa,, U. S. A. 109 SPAIN G. S. M. XL, Peseta (100 Centimos) * U. S. $.195 Gold Silver 5 Pesetas 75 2 Pesetas .30 1 Peseta 15 50 Centimos 07 25 Pesetas 4.75 20 Pesetas 3.80 10 Pesetas 1.90 5 Pesetas 95 Nickel — 20 Centimos. Copper — 10, 5, 2, 1 Centimos. All silver and 20 Centimos before 1865, demonetized SWITZERLAND (Same as Prance.) TURKEY G. S. M. U., Piastre (40 Paras) Gold 500 Piastre 21.90 250 Piastre 10.95 100 Piastre 4.25 50 Piastre 2.12 25 Piastre ... 1.05 20 Piastre 80 5 Piastre 22 Nickel— 1 Piastre; 40, 20 ; Copper — 10, 5 Paras. URUGUAY (S. A.) G. S. M. U., Peso (100 Centesimos) U. S. $.044 Silver *20 Piastre 48 10 Piastre (Onlik) . . .24 5 Piastre 12 2 Piastre 05 1 Piastre 02 i/ 2 Piastre 01 10, 5 Paras. Gold 10 Pesos 9.25 5 Pesos 4.60 2y 2 Pesos 2.25 1 Peso 90 Nickel — 5, 2 Centesimos. Copper — 4, 2, 1. U. S. $1.03 Silver Peso 35 50 Centesimos 15 20 Centesimos 06 10 Centesimos 03 110 National Coin Book VENEZUELA (S. A.) G. S. . HZ U., Bolivar (20 Centavos) U. S. $.193 Gold 100 Bolivar (20 Pesos) 19.25 50 Bolivar 9.10 25 Bolivar 4.50 20 Bolivar 3.60 10 Bolivar 1.80 5 Bolivar 90 Nickel — 10. 5 Centavos. Silver 5 Bolivar (1 Peso). .40 2% Bolivar 20 2 Bolivar 16 1 Bolivar 08 50 Centavos 04 25 Centavos 02 WlLKINSBURG, Pa., L t . S. A. Ill ANCIENT COINS Gold and silver in various forms (but not as coins, were commercial mediums from the earliest times. All passed by weight and had recognized values in both local and international traffic. The earliest extant coins (crude punches) are those of Lydia, supposably about B. C. 700-637. They were of electrum (three parts gold, one part silver) and continued in circulation till Croesus (B. C. 568) substituted for them a gold and silver currency. Greek silver coins were struck at Aegina between B. C. 750 and 700, and a superior issue was made about B. C. 404. The first coins mentioned in the Bible (about B. C. 538) are designated " drams.' ' They were of gold, supposably the Persian Daries. The Denarius was the standard coin of Rome, as the Shekel was of Jewish currency. As coins were not dated previous to the 15th century the only method of ascertaining dates of earlier coins is by consulting history, the inscription or portrait upon the coin usually furnishing a basis fur identification. Owing to the frequent unearthing of ancient coins, the supply has become so large that, with the exception of very rare pieces, specimens may be pur- chased for a very small sum. 112 National Coin Book BIBLICAL COINS And their Values in United States Gold. Silver Shekel 60 Gold Shekel 5.69 Gold Talent 56,900.00 Silver Talent 1,660.00 Copper Mite (Lepton) .00% Gold Daric 5.52 Plate P 114 National Coin Book MONETARY CHRONOLOGY SINCE 1786 1786 — Double standard established in the United States. 1792 — Establishment of a Mint with free and gra- tuitous coinage in the United States. 1803 — Double standard established in France. 1810 — Silver standard introduced in Eussia. 1816— Gold standard adopted in England 1832 — Monetary system of France introduced in Bel- gium. 1844 — Double standard introduced in Turkey. 1847— Gold discovered in California. 1850 — Monetary system of France introduced in Switzerland. 1851 — Gold discovered in Australia. 1854— Gold standard introduced in Portugal. Silver standard introduced in Java. 1862 — French monetary system adopted in Italy. 1868 — French monetary system adopted in Roumania. French monetary system adopted in Spain. 1871 — Gold standard replaces silver standard in Ger- many. Double standard established in Japan. 1873 — Gold standard replaces double standard in the United States. Coinage of silver suspended in Holland. Formation of Scandavian Monetary Union, and replacing of the silver standard by that of gold, in Denmark, Norway and Sweden. 1875 — Double standard introduced in Holland. WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. 115 1877 — Gold standard replaces double standard in Finland. 1878 — First international monetary conference meets in Paris. 1881— ^Second international monetary conference in Paris. 1885 — Double standard introduced in Egypt. 1887 — Trade dollars retired by the United States Government. 1891 — French monetary system introduced in Tunis. 1892 — Gold standard replaces silver standard in Aus- tria-Hungary. 1895— Gold standard adopted in Chili. 1896— Gold standard adopted in Costa Rica. 1897 — Gold standard adopted in Russia. Gold standard adopted in Japan. Suspension of coinage of silver, and its impor- tation prohibited in Peru. 1899 — Gold standard adopted in India. 1900 — Gold standard adopted in the United States. Gold standard adopted in Ecuador. 1901 — United States gold adopted as standard in San Domingo. 1902 — Gold standard adopted in Siam. 1903 — Gold standard adopted in Columbia. Gold standard adopted in Philippines. 1904 — Gold standard adopted in Panama. 1905 — Gold standard adopted in Mexico. 116 National Coin Book NUMISMATIC NOTES OF INTEREST Base or Billon Pieces are composed of a mixture of copper and silver. Bullet Money (Siam) lump of gold or silver hammered into a rounded mass and stamped with native characters. (See plate 0.) Cart Wheel (Great Britain) Two pence, 1797. Largest coin every struck for England. (See plate 0.) Copper Plate Money (Sweden) was issued from about 1652 to 1758. Unwieldy discs of copper stamped with the crown and date, of denominations of %, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 8 Dalers. One, an 8-Daler piece, property of the Numismatic Society, of New York, measures 13 x 23y 2 inches, and weighs 31 pounds. Cowry Money (Africa) a shell about an inch long, formerly used as currency in Bengal and Siam and in Western Africa, where in remote parts, they still serve in trade. They have a very small coin value. Gazetta (Italy) is the coin which gave its name to the first newspaper ever published, which was issued at Venice and sold for a " gazetta.' ' Gun Money (Ireland) made of old cannon after suppression of an Irish rebellion. WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. 117 Koban (Japan) an oblong sheet of gold, about 3y 2 x 4 inches. The black characters thereon are burnt in by a chemical operation. Under the old regime to take one out of the kingdom was pun- ishable by death; to remove it by accident was im- prisonment for life. Maundy Money (England) small coins intro- duced 1648-88. On "Maundy Thursday" (day be- fore Good Friday) beggars received from the king bags containing these pieces to a number equalling the years in which the king had lived. Obsidional Coin — A token coin made of base metal, used as currency when the legal money had disappeared during a seige. Porcelain Money (Siam) was issued by private persons and gambling houses. For years this small currency was in use in Siam. Ring Money (Africa) used extensively at one time on the West Coast of Africa. (See plate P.) The Oldest Bank Note in the world may be seen in the British Museum. It was printed in 1368. 118 National Coin Book THE AMERICAN NUMISMATIC ASSOCIATION was founded in 1891, and was granted a Federal Charter by Act of Congress in 1912. It is purely a mutual organization, none of its officers receiving a salary. Its objects are to encourage and promote the science of numismatics by the acquirement and study of coins, paper money and medals; to cultivate fra- ternal relations among- collectors and students ; to encourage and assist new collectors ; to stimulate and advance affiliations between collectors and kindred organizations in the United States and foreign coun- tries ; to acquire and disperse numismatic knowledge • and to demonstrate the fact that numismatics is an educational, serious and entertaining pursuit. The dues are 50 cents a year, payable in advance on January first of each year, An entrance fee of $1.00 must accompany all applications for member- ship. For full information, address WALDO C. MOORE, General Secretary, Lewisburg, Ohio. WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. 119 THE NUMISMATIST is the official magazine of the American Numismatic Association, and is owned, controlled and published by the association. It is issued the first of every month, contains numismatic articles of general in- terest, and gives reports of meetings of the various numismatic associations, also current news of the numismatic world. Yearly subscription, U. S $1.50 Yearly subscription, foreign 1.75 Trial subscription, 6 months 75 Address EDGAR H. ADAMS, Editor and Business Manager, 447A State St., Brooklyn, N. Y. THE AMERICAN NUMISMATIC SOCIETY (Organized 1858; Incorporated 1865) is located in its own building at Broadway and 156th Street, New York, and has an extensive library, and a large collection of coins and medals of all countries ; its membership is limited to one hundred and fifty. The building is open to the public daily, from 10 A. M. to 5 P. M., and Sundays from 1 to 5 P. M. WlLKINSBURG, Pa., U. S. A. 121 INDEX PAGE American Numismatic Association 118 American Numismatic Society 119 Ancient Coins Ill Assay Offices of the United States 20 Biblical Coins 112 Canadian Money 92 General Information 92 Rare Coins and Tokens 92 Worthless Bills 93 Coins Dealers Do Not Buy 13 Conditions of Coins 13 Confederate Coins 69 Counterfeit Rare Coins 14 Description of Plates 7-8-9-10 Different Kinds of United States Money 12 Early American Coins 75 General History 70 Key to Inscriptions 92 Carolina 75 Continental 83 Connecticut 75 Experimental t 83 Fugio (Franklin) 83 Kentucky 75 Maryland 76 Massachusetts 76 New England 77 New Hampshire 77 122 National Coin Book page New Jersey 77 New York 79 Eosa Americana 79 Sommer Islands 80 Vermont » 80 Virginia 80 Washington Pieces 81 Encased Postage Stamps . . 65 Feuchtwanger Coins 68 Foreign Coins 96 Argentine Republic 96 Austria Hungary 96 Belgium 97 Bolivia 97 Brazil 97 Canada 97 Chili 98 China 98 Columbia 98 Costa Rica •. 98 Cuba 99 Denmark 99 Ecuador 99 Egypt 99 Finland 101 France 101 Germany 101 Great Britain 102 Greece 102 Hawaii 102 Holland 103 India 103 Italv 103 Wilkinsburg, Pa., U. S. A. 123 PAGE Japan 105 Mexico 105 Norway 105 Panama 106 Peru , 106 Philippine Islands 106 Porto Rico 106 Portugal 107 Roumania 107 Russia 107 Spain 109 Sweden 107 Switzerland 109 Turkey 109 Uruguay 109 Venezuela . 110 General Information 11 Hard Times Tokens . 68 Millimeter Scale 15 Mint of the United States 18 General Information 18 Branch Mints 20 Monetary Chronology Since 1786 114 Monetary System of the United States 16 Mutilation of United States Coins 14 National Banks 86 Necessity Money 65 Numismatic Notes of Interest 116 Numismatic Terms 15 "Numismatist," The 119 124 National Coin Book page Paper Money of the United States 84 Counterfeit Bills 88 Fractional Currency 89 General Information 84 Private Gold Coins (U. S.) 57 General Information 57 Quarter Dollars 59 Half Dollars 59 Dollars 59 Two and One-Half Dollars 59 Five Dollars 60 Ten Dollars 61 Twenty Dollars . 61 Twenty-five Dollars 63 Fifty Dollars 63 Doubloon 64 Ingots 63 Spiel Marks 68 Sub-treasuries of the United States 20 Unit of Weight 19 United States Gold Coins 47 Counterfeits 49 General Information 48 Legal Tender 47 Mint Test 47 Standard Weights 47 Dollars 52 Dollars (souvenir) 52 Quarter Eagles 52 Three Dollars 53 Half Eagles .... 54 Eagles 55 Wilkinsburg, Pa., U. S. A. 125 PAGE Double Eagles . 55 Pattern Pieces 56 Four Dollars 56 Fifty Dollars . 56 United States Minor Coins 22 Counterfeits 23 Legal Tender 22 Standard Weights 22 Half Cents 25 Cents (bronze) 30 Cents (copper) . 26 Cents (nickel) 30 Two Cents 30 Three Cents 31 Five Cents 31 United States Silver Coins 32 Counterfeits 34 General Information . . . . ' 33 Legal Tender 32 Mint Test 32 Standard Weights 32 Value of Silver in Current Coins 35 Value of Silver in Standard Dollar 36 Three Cents 38 Half Dime 38 Dime • . 40 Twenty Cents 41 Quarter Dollars 42 Quarter Dollar (souvenir) 42 Half Dollars 42 Half Dollar (souvenir) 43 126 National Coin Book page Dollars 43 Dollar (souvenir) 46 Dollar (Trade) '. .' 45 War Tokens 68 Weights of Coins of United States 21 THE CRESCENT PRESS 138 ANDERSON ST. Cor. Penn Ave. PITTSBURGH, PA. LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 027 211 117 •