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MH.ITARY ORDER OF THE LOYAL LEGION OF THE UNITED STATES 
 
 CEREMONIES 
 
 TWENTY-FIFTH ANNIVERSARY 
 
 AMERICAN ACADEMY OF MUSIC 
 
 PHILADELPHIA 
 
 J^jpirll IS, 18©0 
 
 O ■ ■» > « II 
 
 PHILADELPHIA 
 1890. 
 
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 p. 
 
 T't-^ • 'Hi , Y^ tJrv, J-CvrVw 
 
PEOGEAMME 
 
 AMERICAN ACADEMY OF MUSIC, APRIL 15, 1890 
 
 CONCERT FROM 7.30 TO 8 P. M. 
 
 BAND OP THE UNITED STATES MARINE CORPS, 
 
 Overture . . . "William Tell " .... Bossini 
 Valse . . . . " La Reine de la Mer " . . . . Sousa 
 Fantasia ..." Tannhauser " .... Wagner 
 
 Loyal Legion Mabch Sousa 
 
 Presiding 
 Cemmander Brevet Major-General David McM. Gregg 
 
 ADDRESS 
 Commander-in-Chief Brevet Major-Geueral Rutherford B. Hates 
 
 Cornet Solo . "Young An:ieri.;a" (Mr. W. K Srnifa) . L^tiy 
 
 ORATION 
 Brevet Major-Geijtrrl CHAhHiS Devens 
 
 Descriptive Fantasia .... An Episode In a Soldier's Life 
 Band of the United States Marine Corps. 
 
READINGS 
 Companion James E. Mukdoch 
 
 The American Flag Drake 
 
 Comrades Known in Marches many . . . Ilalpine 
 
 In Memoriam. Abraham Lincoln. 
 Died April 16, 1865. 
 
 Gettysburg Address Lincoln 
 
 O Captain ! My Captain ! Whitman 
 
 Our Martyr Chief (from the Commemoration Ode) . Lowell 
 
 ADDRESSES 
 
 Hon. Benjamin F. Tracy, Major-Gen. H. W. Slocum, 
 
 Major-Gen. .John M. Schofield, Major-Gen. Nelson A. Miles, 
 Major-Gen. 0. O. Howard, Brevet Major-Gen. Wager Swatne, 
 
 Brevet Brig.-Gen. James A. Beaver, Brevet Brig.-Gen. W. R. Marshall, 
 Brevet Brig.-Gen. Horace Porter, Brevet Brig.-Gen. C. F. Mandebson. 
 
 Musical Panorama . . '. ' From the Lakes to the Gulf Stream 
 Bau'4' <i{ 'fheJjDitfcd,' States Marine Corps. 
 
Brevet Major-General D. McM. Gregg, presiding. 
 
 My Companions of the Loyal Legion and Fellow Citizens : 
 When the War of the Rebellion had ended in the triumph of the 
 Union Arms, and the heart of the entire loyal people of the 
 United States was overwhelmed with profound grief because of 
 the assassination of the great and good Lincoln, three ex-officers of 
 the Union Army (one of whom is present in the audience*) met 
 in this city and resolved to establish a society in imitation of 
 the Cincinnati : its membership to consist of officers and honor- 
 ably discharged officers of the United States Army, Navy, and 
 Marine Corps, and their male descendants ; its object being the 
 preservation and cultivation of friendships formed during tlie 
 war and the-promotion of a loyal devotion to a system of govern- 
 ment which these original members had fought to sustain in the 
 great conflict just ended. At first, and for some time thereafter, 
 the membership did not increase rapidly — this because of the 
 new order of things. Discharged soldiers and sailors, returning to 
 their homes, found new conditions existing. Declining to accept 
 these, and led by a spirit of adventure and self-reliance, which 
 had grown up within them during the term of their military ser- 
 vice, they were led, in many instances, to seek homes in distant 
 places, many of them in the great empire west of the Mississippi. 
 It took some time for this spirit of restlessness to give place to 
 one of fixity. Tiiis accomplished, these soldiers and sailors 
 yearned for the society and companionship of the men they best 
 loved. These were to be found in the Military Order of the 
 Loyal Legion and in the Grand Army of the Republic. 
 
 * Capt. Peter D. Keyser. 
 s 
 
To-day, the Twenty-fifth Anniversary of its founding, the 
 Order of the Loyal Legion has eighteen State Comnianderies 
 and a membership exceeding seven thousand. And wliat a 
 membership ! It represents the highest intelligence and best 
 citizenship of tliis country, gentlemen among whom are many 
 distinguished and prominent in the learned professions, in the 
 fields of art, science, and literature, in all branches of trade and 
 commerce ; and many others equally deserving, who are pursuing 
 their quiet ways in the humbler walks of life. In whatsoever 
 respect these may differ, in one they are all alike ; and that is, 
 that when twenty-nine years ago the very life of this nation was 
 threatened with destruction that could only be averted by the 
 intervention of a long and fierce war, and when the country 
 called upon her sons to rally under her standard, these stood 
 forward and each one said : " Here am I ; my life, if necessary, 
 in your defence." 
 
 My Companions of the Pennsylvania Commandery, I congrat- 
 ulate you on its condition to-day. It is strong, vigorous, united. 
 Its Companions are bound together by those ties which proceed 
 from common love of country and from that friendship which 
 exists among the survivors of such a war as ours, and which was 
 waged on our part for the highest and noblest purpose for which 
 the sword can be drawn, ties whicli can never be weakened or 
 broken. 
 
 Visiting Companions, whether you come from Maine with its 
 rock-bound coast or from other Comnianderies stretching across 
 the Continent, even to tlie golden shores of the Pacific, we extend 
 our liands to you in cordial greeting, and in our hearts there is 
 glad welcome to all. 
 
 Never before has there been an assemblage of Companions 
 such as this, and in all human probability never again will there 
 be such a one. It is right tiiat this celebration should be held in 
 this city, in which the Order had its birth, a city in which there 
 was first erected a national altar of liberty ; a city so distinguished 
 for the generous hospitality of its citizens, and which was so dis- 
 tinguished, during the "War of the Rebellion, for the kind care 
 
exercised over its own troops in the field, and for the aid and enter- 
 tainment extended to all soldiers who came within its limits. 
 
 (Turning to the distinguished assembly on the platform :) 
 Sirs, allow me to congratulate you and all other Companions 
 that your lives have been prolonged to this time. 
 
 But, in the midst of our congratulations, we pause to give place 
 to a feeling of sorrow that other loved Companions — Grant, 
 Farragut, Hancock, Sheridan, and a host of other noble soldiers 
 and sailors — are not with us, having departed this life. We are 
 proud of the service which they rendered their country ; we are 
 happy in the thought that we enjoyed their friendship and com- 
 panionship ; we treasure the memory of their virtues and their 
 valor. 
 
 Whilst this is a celebration of the Twenty-fifth Anniversary 
 of the founding of the Pennsylvania Commandery of the Loyal 
 Legion, it is more. It is also the Anniversary of the founding 
 of the Order, the Pennsylvania Commandery being the parent 
 one. Its pleasures and enjoyments are free to all. At its close, 
 tlie Companions of the Pennsylvania Commandery will be happy 
 in the knowledge that you. Companions of other Coramanderies, 
 have enjoyed your visit here as much as they have your presence. 
 
 The position of Commander-in-Chief of the Loyal Legion of 
 the United States is a most honorable and dignified one. 1 
 know of none which is superior to it. Happily that oflSce has 
 been occupied by gentlemen of sucli exalted cliaracter that they 
 have reflected honor upon the position — first, by General George 
 Cadwalader, of this city ; second, by General Winfield Scott 
 Hancock, the Superb; next by Glorious Pliil Sheridan; and to-day, 
 by an honored soldier, an ex-President of the United States 
 Major-General Rutherford B. Hayes. The latter I now have the 
 honor to present to you. 
 
General Hayes. The welcome you extend to our brethren 
 from all parts of the Republic is, by them, appreciated for a host 
 of reasons. The city of Philadelphia is famous this broad land 
 over, for the work she did during the times that tried men's souls. 
 Grateful for what you did then, we are grateful for what you do 
 to-day in welcoming the survivors of the great conflict who are 
 here. The number of the survivors is still large ; but when we 
 think of the noted men who have gone from among us, we cannot 
 but pause with a feeling of sadness that they are not with us to- 
 night. All of the long list, from Grant to him who is in all our 
 thoughts — whom this anniversary tells us to remember, at the 
 beginning, at the close, and all the way through ; the man whom 
 Providence gave us to be, as he was by the Constitution, Com- 
 mander-in-Chief — Abraham Lincoln — all, all are in our thoughts. 
 
 We celebrate to-night the Twenty-fifth Anniversary of the 
 organization of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the 
 United States. The founders of this Order, it perhaps may be 
 fairly said, were the first among his countrymen to dedicate a 
 monument to Abraliam Lincoln. Other memorials speedily 
 followed — memorials in prose, in verse, in granite, in marble, 
 in bronze, and in many other forms. The best minds in this 
 country and abroad, the orators, the poets and the artists of all 
 lands, have vied with each other to give expression, adequate 
 expression if possible, to the thoughts of all good men when they 
 meditate on Abraham Lincoln, on his character, on his deeds, 
 and on his words, and when they reflect on the amazing vicissi- 
 tudes and contrasts presented by his life and his death. From 
 among the great number of such attempts there are some 
 that always come to our minds wlien we think or speak on this 
 subject. We shall always recall with a peculiar delight the poem 
 of Tom Taylor, in the London Punch, which came to us from an 
 unlooked-for quarter just at the time when the bitter agony and 
 desolation of those frightful April days were hardest to bear, and 
 when every precious word of consolation was indeed most wel- 
 come. We cannot but remember also with unstinted admiration 
 the noble lines of Lowell in his famous Commemoration Ode, 
 recited at the Harvard memorial services, in honor of her fallen 
 
sons, when he hung that fitting and splendid wreath on Lincohi's 
 " world-honored urn." All America has reason to prize the 
 words of Emerson, wiser and shrewder than those of Plutarch, 
 which he spoke to his friends and neighbors when they assembled 
 to consider their grief and to mourn the death of Lincoln. Having 
 named these three lofty tributes, I need not further extend the 
 list of panegyrics inspired by tlie memory of Lincoln, in poetry 
 and eloquence in all parts of the world. They bring us to a 
 pivotal question — this Society of tiie Loyal Legion, what is it 
 doing, what can it do, wliat can it strive to do, that is worthy of 
 the fame of Lincoln? May I venture to change a single word in 
 the familiar line of Coleridge so that it will read — 
 
 " He prayeth best who doeth best." 
 
 The question, then, is as to the work of Lincoln — as to what 
 we can do to support and to advance that work. In the great 
 conflict where he led, and in which it was our good fortune and 
 our golden opportunity to follow, it has been wisely said, " ideas 
 were behind the cannon and ideas pointed the musket." We 
 are also told that the ancestor of noble deeds is always noble 
 thoughts. Then the ideas, the thoughts, by which Lincoln be- 
 came the type, the representative, the very incarnation of the 
 spirit and purpose of the war, which we are coming to regard as 
 almost divine — what were those ideas, what were those thoughts ? 
 Our reply is. Humanity, anxious solicitude for the welfare of all 
 mankind, hatred of wrong to the humblest human being, our 
 common brotherhood, sympathy with the oppressed and the 
 suffering. These sentiments, and sentiments like these, filling 
 his soul and the guide of his life, are at once the secret and the 
 sure foundation of the enduring place which Lincoln holds in the 
 affections of all mankind. 
 
 Nowhere, my Companions, can the lesson of his life be more 
 fitly studied or more warmly cherished than in this Army Society, 
 which traces its origin to that awful time when the ending of that 
 life was felt as a personal bereavement by all who fought the good 
 fight that was so ennobled and so consecrated by the death of its 
 martyr chief. That lesson, while it contains almost the whole 
 
future of our country, is short and simple. Our America to-day 
 is plainly approaching — nay, is it not drawing very near? — to 
 the parting of the roads. Dazzled almost to blindness by con- 
 templation of the unrivalled swiftness and splendor of her march 
 to prestige, to power, to riches, and to glory, is there not danger 
 that our country may be tempted to reject or neglect the message 
 of Lincoln ? That message, often repeated by him in words, 
 always exhibited in his life from his earliest to his latest days on 
 earth, can be easily and amply given in a single sentence. His 
 whole life, his whole being seemed to say to his country (and yet 
 he understood the limitations of government, the limitations ot 
 the law ; no man better than Lincoln understood that there are 
 important things that government can not do and that law 
 can not do ; and yet that life seemed to say, as his words often 
 said) : " My countrymen, see to it that, so far as human laws and 
 human conduct avail, every son and daughter of America shall 
 have a fair start and an equal chance in the race of life." Reject 
 or neglect this, and our government is republican in nothing but 
 name, and that doom which the Almighty has appointed for all 
 shams is not far off. On the other hand, let the American 
 people — and especially let all who stood by Lincoln on the 
 perilous edge of battle in support of the rights of human nature — 
 remain steadfastly true to the ideas and the tlioughts for which 
 they fought in the great War, and we shall thus do all that in us 
 lies to link the destiny of our country to the stars and to entitle 
 her institutions to share in that immortality wliich, under the al- 
 lotment of Providence, in the affairs of nations belong only to 
 eternal justice, in the dealings of man with his fellow man. 
 
 10 
 
General Gregg. The history of Massachusetts in the War 
 of the Rebellion is a very interesting one and is familiar to all, 
 especially as to the large number of troops furnished by that 
 grand old Commonwealth, the ability with which they were offi- 
 cered, and the care that was taken of them by the home govern- 
 ment. It is not surprising that, after the Military Order of the 
 Loyal Legion was founded, one of the first to organize was the 
 Commandery of Massachusetts. The delegation from that 
 Commandery numbers many distinguished and prominent men, 
 among others a very distinguished soldier who has added to his 
 fame by his ability in the civil service of the nation, as a 
 Cabinet Officer. I have the pleasure of presenting to you Major- 
 General Charles Devens. 
 
 General Devens. Companions of the Army and the Navy : 
 1 congratulate you that we are assembled in such full numbers to 
 celebrate the Twenty-fifth Anniversary of the formation of this 
 Order. Survivors of many a hard-fought battle and many a des- 
 perate day, you come alike from the long marches and fierce con- 
 flicts which gave us possession of the South and West, from the 
 banks of the Cumberland, Tennessee, and Mississippi, from the 
 narrower, yet not less terrible field where the Army of the Poto- 
 mac fought out finally to the bitter end its bloody and protracted 
 duel with Ihe Army of Nortliern Virginia, and from every scene 
 by land or sea made red by heroic strife. The mountain ranges, 
 the deep bayous, the rich and broad plains, the mighty rivers of 
 the fairest portion of a continent, attest your constancy and valor. 
 Time as well as war has been generous to you in this, that for a 
 quarter of a century it has permitted you to enjoy the just regard 
 of a nation and the full fruition of your deeds. For this 
 bounteous gift let us render the homage of grateful hearts. 
 
 We are fortunate in the place where we assemble. The city 
 of Philadelphia was the capital of our Revolutionary era. Here 
 were proclaimed the birth and independence of the United States. 
 Here, too, was framed that Constitution which is the crowning 
 glory of the Revolution. The peace with Great Britain, in 
 1783, had left us without a settled government and the discords 
 
 11 
 
of jealous States had already appeared. The years that im- 
 mediately followed were filled with profound distrust and anxious 
 forebodings. The convention tiiat met here in 1787 made of 
 these States a people and a nation. AVhere should those who 
 offered their lives to defend that Constitution meet more happily 
 or more proudly than in the city in which it received its birth ? 
 
 Nor ought we to forget that in the hour of the Rebellion this 
 city lost none of its ancient reputation for patriotism. Its gal- 
 lant sons were among our earliest and bravest soldiers ; its gene- 
 rous contributions, its sanitary commissions, its Christian com- 
 missioners, its cordial supplies of provisions to the soldiers going 
 to or returning from the front, its unfailing care of the sick and 
 wounded, are embalmed in sacred remembrance. We, whose 
 residence is to the North and East had from our position the 
 largest share of this lavish hospitality. One who has been 
 through here, as I have been, with a hungry regiment and seen 
 every man bountifully fed, or has come, as I have come, a 
 wounded soldier, and known the bounty of its citizens and the 
 skill of its justly renowned surgeons, may certainly speak with 
 something like personal feeling. 
 
 ^The Military Order of the Loyal Legion had its inception on 
 that saddest day, at the conclusion of the Civil War, when 
 humanity throughout the world was shocked by the death of 
 Abraham Lincoln. In honor of that illustrious memory, and of 
 the great cause for which we had fought, in recognition of the 
 aifectionate friendships wiiich had been inspired among the offi- 
 cers of the army then about to disband, in historic recollection of 
 the Society of the Cincinnati wiiicli iiad embraced the officers of 
 the Revolutionary Army, it was determined to form this Order; 
 and at a meeting of a few officers in this city tlie initial steps 
 were that day taken for its organization. It was the first of the 
 military societies wliich followed, or rather accompanied, the 
 close of the war. I do not intend to pursue the details of its his- 
 tory, except to say, that when some time later the society of the 
 Grand Army of the Republic was formed, intended to compre- 
 hend all of whatever rank who had honorably served, no antago- 
 nism was created to this, nor was any reason seen why, in its more 
 
 12 
 
limited sphere, this might not also be properly maintained. To 
 the Grand Army of the Republic we have always fully and cor- 
 dially accorded as its rightful place the position of the great rep- 
 resentative society which includes and gathers into itself every 
 association of that whole American army which subdued the Re- 
 bellion. That society has extended wide its generous and open- 
 handed charity ; it has cherished the noblest patriotism, and if 
 there are those of this association who are not also members of 
 that, I urge them respectfully to join its ranks, and to give to it 
 their cordial support in its purest and highest aims./ 
 
 Of the officers who listen to me, many, almost a majority, have 
 carried the musket and the knapsack in the ranks, and are justly 
 proud that they have won their way by their own ability and 
 determination. To some the possession of high military qualities 
 may have given command, yet in all armies rank and promotion 
 are often the result of circumstance and opportunity, and thus 
 accident contributes to success. It was especially so in our own, 
 springing as it did from the ground at once in answer to the call 
 of an imperilled country. Long and faithful service to many a 
 man brought only the proud consolation of duty nobly done, of 
 sacrifice generously offered, and of that self-respect which one 
 may well maintain, even in the humblest home. As I would 
 speak to-night of all our armies as but one, so would I speak of 
 those who_ composed it as but a single body of men. Side by 
 side on many a field won by their valor, no useless coffins around 
 their breasts, but wrapped in the blanket which is the soldier's 
 martial shroud, officers and men await together the coming of 
 the eternal day. Side by side those more fortunate, who have 
 returned, have returned with equal claims to tlie regard and love 
 of those for whom they fought. When one has done his whole 
 duty, so far as his title to respect is concerned, it can and ought 
 to make no difference whether he did it with the stars of the 
 general or the eagles of the colonel on his shoulder, or in the 
 simple jacket of the private. The fame of every general, even 
 in the highest rank, must depend largely on the men whom he 
 leads. However far-reaching and sagacious his plans may be, it 
 
is still by strong hands and stout hearts that they must be carried 
 out and results achieved. 
 
 When we consider how little adapted the education of the 
 American citizen is to that system of discipline which is intended 
 to make of the soldier a machine, in order that the pliysical 
 strength and power of thousands may be wielded by the will of 
 one alone, when we remember how prone we all of us are to 
 criticise the acts of others or their orders and directions, we 
 realize how difficult it must have been to yield that unquestion- 
 ing obedience which is the necessary rule of the military service. 
 Yet how generously they gave their confidence, how nobly they 
 strove, sometimes in disaster, often under the most trying cir- 
 cumstances, to execute the orders they received! To one who 
 held any command the wish must often have come that he could 
 have led them better and done more full justice to their merits. , 
 
 Companions, we meet not merely for a few hours of social 
 enjoyment, nor alone to renew our friendships formed, although 
 many of them were when the death-shots were falling thick and 
 fast ; we meet also to reassert our devotion to the great cause of 
 the Constitution and the Union ; we meet to honor the memories 
 of those who bravely died in that righteous cause, or who have 
 passed from our side in the years that have followed, and to dedi- 
 cate ourselves anew to country and to the great principles of 
 liberty and justice. 
 
 In the long annals of wars with which earth has been filled, it 
 would be difficult to find many less justifiable than the War of the 
 Rebellion. The flimsy dogma of the right of a State to secede 
 from the Union at its own will and pleasure, and assert its 
 sovereignty against that of the government of which it formed a 
 component part, was a pretence only by which the leaders of the 
 slave States sought to disguise their project of erecting an empire 
 whose corner-stone was to be (to use Mr. Vice-President Stephens' 
 own words) the system of slavery. 
 
 Had any one in Philadelphia, in 1787, uttered the gloomy 
 foreboding that every State might withdraw from the Union at 
 its own pleasure, and that the Constitution had thus provided its 
 own dissolution, his fears would have been scouted and laughed 
 
to scorn. He would have been told this Union is not one of 
 States, but of the people of all the States — so it is expressly de- 
 clared; as such alone can it be accepted. It was a necessity of 
 the task that the framers of the Constitution had before them 
 that the government they had met to form should include two 
 classes of States. Nor did the difficulty appear to them so for- 
 midable as it afterwards proved. Fresh from their own struggle 
 for liberty, they could not but be conscious that this system was 
 utterly inconsistent with the principles upon vvhicli a free govern- 
 ment must rest ; yet they fully believed that it would die out and 
 drift silently away. It was not thus to pass away — but in the 
 wildest of storms and tempests that ever raged on sea or land ; 
 but now that it is gone, earth and sky are fairer tlian before. 
 
 Without dwelling on the various phases of the protracted con- 
 troversy to which this system gave rise under the influence of 
 men who were willing to sacrifice the Union to its perpetuity, 
 the failure to make of Kansas a slave State, and the election of 
 Mr. Lincoln had settled that there was to be no more slave 
 territory added to the Union. Madly resolved to rule or ruin, 
 those who controlled the public opinion of the South determined 
 to dissolve the Union. No real grievance existed, but imaginary 
 ones could be trumped up. No right of the Southern States 
 was invaded, or even threatened. Tlie President-elect had 
 solemnly pledged himself to protect them in every right ; nor 
 could he if he would have done otherwise ; as while they re- 
 mained, his administration would have had an adverse majority 
 in both houses of Congress which they could substantially con- 
 trol. But his election was made at once the occasion of secession 
 by the cotton States which stood, however, alone during the 
 anxious winter of 1860-61. The Union feeling was still strong 
 in the States that lay north of them and they were as yet reluc- 
 tant to take the decisive step. Something must be done to in- 
 volve them, something to " fire the Southern heart," as the 
 phrase of the day was, and to induce them to make a common 
 cause ; and then the tempest of shot and shell was let loose upon 
 Fort Sumter. The experiment had the success which was 
 anticipated, and a success which was not anticipated, for if the 
 
 16 
 
Southern heart was fired, so was the Northern also. How 
 majestic was that uprising, how former political differences were 
 forgotten, how strongly all felt that the great tie of American 
 citizenship was above all party — I do not need to remind you. 
 There were not wanting those, aghast at the gulf of fire that 
 seemed opening before us, who said let the " wayward sisters go 
 in peace ;" there were not wanting others, who, deeply sensible 
 of the evils of slavery, were ready to grasp at the opportunity 
 of separating from the States which tolerated it. The loyal 
 head of the country was wiser, the loyal heart of the country 
 truer than this. As the startling news flew from city to city 
 and village to village, east and west, that our flag had been in- 
 sulted and trampled upon, and the integrity of our government 
 assailed, the stern tones of the answer of the people always came 
 back, " the United States is a nation competent to assert its own 
 sovereignity, and to subdue and punish traitors." To them the 
 Union was not a rope of sand to be blown about by every breeze, 
 or washed away by a summer sea, but a chain whose golden links 
 were strong as adamant. Forged in the fire of that great strife 
 which had finally separated us from the most powerful nation on 
 the earth, it was clear that if the Union were once destroyed, all 
 hope of erecting any stable government upon its ruins must for 
 the time be abandoned. The conflicts of discordant States were 
 before us, grinding against each other their bloody edges in fierce 
 contentions, which like the wars of the Saxon Heptarchy would 
 be worth no more to the advancement of the world than the wars 
 of the Kites and Crows. Nor if two distinct confederacies could 
 have been framed, was permanent peace between them possible. 
 Two great systems of civilization were front to front and face to 
 face. The conflict in arms, to which we had been summoned by 
 the cannon which bombarded Fort Sumter, was indeed irrepressi- 
 ble. It was a necessity of empire that one or the other should 
 conquer. Rich and broad as the continent is, with its great 
 gateways on the Atlantic and the Pacific seas, it was not broad 
 enough for both. 
 
It was a great elemental struggle, where the differences had 
 their origin in the foundations of society itself. There are times 
 in the history of nations when the conduct of its wars may be left 
 to its regular forces; yet no such time had come to us. It was 
 a war of the people, waged unhappily against a portion of the 
 same people, yet not the less in obedience to the plainest princi- 
 ples of justice and right. Nor let it ever be forgotten that 
 although the leaders of the Rebellion were successful in draw- 
 ing into it most of the States of the South, there were true men 
 everywhere who never yielded and never faltered in their allegi- 
 ance. If I could properly give a warmer welcome to any above 
 others, it should be to the gallant soldiers of Kentucky and 
 Tennessee, of Maryland, West Virginia, Missouri, and other 
 States of the South, who came to rejoice our hearts and 
 strengthen our hands. 
 
 It was in the feeling of the most exalted patriotism that the 
 national army was formed, and the men who composed it em- 
 braced all that was purest and bravest in the young life of a 
 nation. Counting all the cost, recoanizinK all the danger, the 
 path of duty before them was plain, and they followed it. Ko 
 doubt the blood of youth was high in their veins, and they 
 looked forward not unwillingly to the stern joy of the conflict ; 
 but love of country was still the great moving principle which 
 actuated them. It is not a penalty, it is a just responsibility, 
 that a government founded by a people should look to them for 
 its legitimate defence. Certainly, I would speak neither to- 
 night, nor at any other time, any words of harshness or unkind- 
 ness individually of those with whom we were lately at war. 
 There is no body of men more anxious to be at peace with all 
 their countrymen than are the soldiers of the national army ; 
 there are no utterances more cordial in favor of a generous 
 oblivion and forgetfulness than are theirs ; but they cannot, and 
 they ought not forget that the cause for which those who opposed 
 them stood was gravely wrong. It is the cause for which our 
 brave have died that forever sets them apart among the mjriads 
 who people the silent cities of the dead. Let us be generous to 
 those with whom we had to contend, but let us be just to our 
 
own. We willingly do honor to their courage and valor, but 
 those high qualities have sometimes gilded with a false light 
 causes which cannot command the approval of the world or bear 
 the clear, white light of time. We know the allowances whicli 
 must be made for erroneous beliefs, for mistaken education, for 
 old associations, for the example of others, even for temporary 
 feeling and passion. Let us make them freely. Yet, when all 
 are made, neither the living nor the dead of a great and holy 
 cause can be confounded with those who fell in the wretched 
 struggle to destroy a nation or erect a system of government false 
 to the great principles of liberty. Their cause, as well as ours, 
 is rapidly passing into history. Before that great tribunal we 
 are ready to hold up our hands and plead and answer. Nor 
 shall we fear that its verdict can be otherwise than that it was 
 the cause of order against disorder, of just and righteous govern- 
 ment against rebellion, of liberty against slavery. If it be less 
 than this, then was Mr. Jefferson Davis the patriot he has been 
 somewhere lately eulogized, and we, and the brave who offered 
 their lives with us, but successful traitors. 
 
 It is not for us here to review, even in the most cursory way, 
 the events of that tremendous struggle. Such would be the office 
 of the historian, not of the casual speaker. The problem before 
 us we underrated in the beginning, nor since have we taken the 
 credit which is fairly due for overcoming its difficulties. To con- 
 duct a war over such an extended territory with success, to seize 
 and hold its strategic points in the midst of a hostile and warlike 
 population, to maintain the lengthened lines of communication 
 for armies operating far from their base, was an enterprise un- 
 paralleled in its demand for men and resources. That the con- 
 test must broaden into one for the liberty of all men, and that the 
 plague spot which had troubled the peace of the Union must be cut 
 out by the surgeon's knife, was obvious from the first. The year 
 1862 stands forever memorable as including one of those events 
 whose occurrence marks the opening of a new era, and showed 
 that the great bell of time has struck another hour. "I had 
 made a solemn vow," says Mr. Lincoln himself, "that if General 
 Lee was driven from Maryland I would crown the result by a 
 
declaration of freedom to the slaves." That vow was faithfully 
 kept, for on the Monday which followed the information that the 
 battle of Antietam was won, this was issued, to be followed on 
 January 1 by the more formal proclamation which declared all 
 persons to be free within the insurgent States, stating the act to 
 be demanded by military necessity, and invoking upon it "the 
 considerate judgment of mankind and the gracious favor of Al- 
 mighty God." Such an act was, from its very nature, irrev- 
 ocable. On that day the shifting sands of concession and 
 compromise passed from under the feet of the American people, 
 and they planted them firmly on the great rocks of liberty and 
 justice to all men, to be moved therefrom, we will believe, no 
 more forever. 
 
 The succeeding year witnessed tlie splendid victory of Gettys- 
 burg, which, accompanying the fall of Vicksburg, marks definitely 
 the culminating point of the conflict by the joint triumph of the 
 Eastern and Western armies, aided by our gallant navy. Although 
 the waves were to come again and yet again, no wave was to come 
 higher than that which was dashed back in clouds of broken, dis- 
 solving spray as it struck the iron wall of the infantry of the Army 
 of the Potomac. The causes of the movement of the Confederate 
 army into Pennsylvania were never fully stated by General Lee. 
 He intimates distinctly in bis report that others existed than those 
 of a purely military character. Without doubt, among thera was 
 the hope to'break something of the force of the impending fall of 
 Vicksburg, which, grasped in the iron embrace of Grant and the 
 Army of the Tennessee, must soon surrender. A victory won on 
 Northern soil would do this. It is the good fortune of the patriotic 
 State in which we stand that it contains within its borders not 
 only this memorable field, but that its fame is allied to the victory 
 by the memory of three of its most illustrious commanders. The 
 calm and judicious Meade, whose wisdom brought about tlie en- 
 counter in which the enemy was obliged to attack, and in which 
 the Army of the Potomac was able for once to stand on the defen- 
 sive ; the splendid Hancock, the idol of the Potomac Army, 
 whose fiery words and majestic presence infused into all around 
 hira something of the courage of his own daring heart, are gone 
 
 19 
 
to-day. They lived long enough to be assured of the honor and 
 love in which they were held by their countrymen ; but on the 
 field and at the head of the First Corps died Reynolds, then, as 
 always, unassuming, modest, brave, contributing nobly to that 
 victory whose fruits be was never to enjoy. Yet where could 
 man die better than in the defence of bis native State, his life- 
 blood mingling with the soil on which he first drew breath? The 
 4tli of July, 1863, was the pi'oudest day which up to that time 
 the Union arms bad ever known, for the cannon which ushered 
 in a nation's natal day were mingled with those which told through 
 the North the victory of Gettysburg, and were echoed and 
 re-echoed from the West and South along with those which in 
 thunder tones announced that Vicksburg had fallen and that the 
 Mississippi ran "unvexed to the sea." 
 
 The terrible year of 1864 was yet to come. The control of all 
 the armies was to pass into the Iiands of General Grant alone, 
 and to be directed by his single will. The west of the Alle- 
 ghenies was secure under the direction of Sherman, and as he 
 made his great march from Chattanooga to Atlanta, and from 
 Atlanta to the sea, the conflicts of the Army of the Potomac 
 with its formidable opponent were to be renewed again and again 
 on such desperate fields as the Wilderness, Spotsylvania, and 
 Cold Harbor. In the spring of 1865 that great army moved to 
 its last series of battles, and the surrender of Appomattox fol- 
 lowed. The sword of Lee was laid in the conquering hand of 
 Grant, and the War of the Rebellion was over. Henceforward 
 no shot was to be fired in anger, and the surrender of the other 
 armies of the Confederacy followed. No executions, no harsh 
 punishments were to mark its close ; yet under God the Union 
 had received a new birth of freedom, and, purified by the fires 
 through which it had passed, had risen grander and more august 
 among nations. 
 
 / Silently as snow-flakes melt into the sea, the men who com- 
 posed our armies passed into the general life of that community 
 which they had saved, yet not as drones or idlers, but to carry 
 with them into the occupations of peace the lessons of courage, 
 fidelity, and patriotism, which they had learned on the grim 
 
 20 
 
fields of war. Tlieir bugles will wake no more the morning 
 echoes as they salute with their reveille the coming day ; the 
 descending night will hear no more the rolling tattoo of their 
 drums; their cannon long since have uttered their last note of 
 defiance or of victory ; yet impartial history shall record that no 
 army was ever assembled with higher aims and loftier purposes, 
 none more ardent with the sacred flame of patriotism, none 
 more calm and resolute in disaster, and none more generous and 
 forgiving in victory. So long as the flag that it bore at the head 
 of its marching columns shall wave above a free and united peo- 
 ple, it shall be remembered with gratitude that in its day and 
 generation it did for this country deeds worthy of immortal 
 honor, and that the army that preserved is worthy to stand side 
 by side with the army that achieved the liberty of the Republicy'^ 
 
 The material evidences of the conflict pass rapidly away. 
 The earthworks with which the land was covered sink to the 
 level of the surrounding soil, and scarp and counterscarp meet 
 in the ditch that once divided them. So let the evil feelings it 
 engendered fade away. It is marked definitely only by the great 
 amendments to the Constitution of the United States. That 
 these embody more than its fair results, that they are intended 
 to do more than to state in a definite and permanent form the 
 principles of justice, freedom, equality before the law for all men, 
 that they should be fully and generously obeyed, cannot be seri- 
 ously contested. The victory gained was for the South as well 
 as the North. Already in agriculture, formerly almost her only 
 source of revenue, her production has vastly increased, while the 
 opening of mines, the development of manufactures, the rise of 
 great towns and cities, where formerly existed but scattered ham- 
 lets, attest the inspiration she has caught from freedom. Year 
 by year, as time rolls on, she is destined to feel the influences of 
 that steady force which is impelling the country forward, nor 
 will she lag behind in the march of peace and prosperity. 
 
 Companions, while we have a right to rejoice in all that brave 
 hearts and strong arms have won, no occasion that draws to- 
 gether those who survive of the armies of the Union can be one 
 of unmixed joy. With proud memories come also those that 
 
are grave and sad. Nor if I recall those who are gone before us, 
 would I do so to diminish one jot or tittle of the pleasure of our 
 present gathering, but ratiier to ennoble and dignify it. I would 
 remember them as each one of us would wish to be recalled in 
 the hour of decent mirth and of social enjoyment, when hand 
 clasps Land in friendship and mutual esteem. There are no 
 words which can render a just tribute to those whose deeds are 
 their true eulogy ; there is no lionor too high for those who gave 
 their lives willingly rather than that a single star should be ob- 
 scured on the mighty shield on which are emblazoned the arms 
 of the Union. 
 
 Nor do you need to be reminded how many have passed away 
 since the war, and how steadily the fierce artillery of time is 
 doing its work. Close up the ranks as best we can, we are an 
 army to which there come no recruits. Generous as is this 
 gathering at our Twenty-fifth Anniversary, how few can expect 
 to join in its fiftieth ! Without doubt there will be some who 
 will with more feeble voices seek to raise the ringing cheer with 
 which we once answered the rebel yell, even if soon they too 
 must yield to the common lot of man. The chiefs of this organi- 
 zation, the predecessors of its present Commander, who I trust 
 may long be spared — General Cadwalader, that model of a gen- 
 tleman and soldier, tlie splendid Hancock, the fiery and impetu- 
 ous Sheridan — all are gone. Yet let me not mention names, 
 lest by mentioning some I might seem to omit others equally 
 worthy, save the great name of Grant alone. He was the Com- 
 mander of all the armies, to his trumpet call each one of us has 
 answered, and to him it was given to end our great strife with a 
 victory which enabled him to exclaim, " Let us have peace." 
 
 How many are missing to-day at the roll call you know but 
 too well. Even if our voices may falter and our utterances 
 choke as the name of some honored chieftain who has led us 
 rises to our lips, or of some dear friend, it may be, who has 
 shared our mess and our blanket, we recall them in honor, and 
 not in sorrow. So would we remember all, not alone the great 
 chiefs who urged forward the onset of mighty battalions, but the 
 humblest, faithful soldier who did his duty manfully. Wherever 
 
 22 
 
those gallant spirits have passed to their long repose, whether 
 they sleep in the bayous of the Mississippi, or by the waters of 
 the Potomac, the Cumberland, or the Tennessee, in the tangled 
 wild-wood, or in the shadow of their own homes with the monu- 
 mental marble high above their breasts, all in memory are 
 welcome here. "The whole earth," says Pericles, "is the sepul- 
 chre of illustrious men," and our mountains seem to lift their 
 heads more loftily for the brave who lie upon their crests, and 
 our rivers to move to the sea with a prouder sweep for those 
 whose life-blood has mingled with their streams : — 
 
 " They fell devoted but undying ; 
 The very gale their names seems sighing, 
 The waters murmur of their name, 
 The woods are peopled with their fame, 
 The meanest rill, the mightiest river, 
 Roll mingling with their fame forever." 
 
 Nor, Companions, in this hour, do we fail to remember him, 
 not a soldier indeed, but to whose military capacity, developed 
 by years of anxious study, tardy justice is just beginning to be 
 done, who was, by the Constitution, the Commander of its army 
 and navy, the then President of the United States — him upon 
 whom the faith of all citizens and soldiers, old or young, rich or 
 poor, alike, had rested secure during those terrible years, and 
 whose own heart was large enough to embrace in love and 
 charity allthat people over whom Providence had placed him to 
 be their ruler and guide in the supreme hour of their destiny. 
 Twenty-five years ago to-day he passed from the ranks of living 
 men, yet each year has added to that pure and splendid fame. 
 Every record, every newly discovered act or letter which loving 
 industry brings to light, but serves to reveal how kind and good, 
 how wise and great he was. 
 
 On the day after its capture, when he visited Richmond, it 
 was my own good fortune to ride side by side with him in the 
 headquarters' army wagon which conveyed him through the 
 streets of that city so long the citadel of the Confederacy He 
 seemed weary and tired, graver than I had ever seen him, less 
 rejoicing in the triumph that had been won tlian anxious about 
 
the new problems looming up before him. It may be that I 
 interpret the recollections of that hour in the baleful light of the 
 dreadful tragedy that so soon followed ; yet, as I recall it, he 
 seemed to me like one who felt that his life's work was done, and 
 who would willingly rest from his labors, that his works might 
 follow him. The ways of Providence are not always ours ; it 
 may be that it was decreed that this great life should end in the 
 very hour of victory by the assassin's hand, because it was seen 
 by a wider vision than we possess that to that life of self-sacrifice 
 and patriotic devotion, the noblest close was that which has in- 
 vested him forever with the martyr's crown. It is not always to 
 those who achieve success that its temporal enjoyment is granted ; 
 the reward of high heroic souls is in tlieir own sense of duty per- 
 formed, of trial and sacrifice resolutely endured, in the conscious- 
 ness that others will reap all for wiiich they have bravely striven. 
 
 In the older Scriptures the stately figure of the great Hebrew 
 law-giver and warrior stands on the lonely hill in the land 
 of Moab to gaze out over the Promised Land, which it is de- 
 creed he shall never enter. Fair before him stretch the fertile 
 fields, yet no crops from them shall ever fill his garners. The 
 sparkling waters dance in the sunlight, yet no draught from them 
 shall ever refresh his weary lips. He has crossed at the head of 
 the children of Israel the stormy waters of the Eed Sea ; he has 
 led them through the forty years of wandering in the wilderness. 
 For them the hour of enjoyment has come ; his work is done ; 
 for him it remains but to rest in his lonely grave. So to this our 
 Moses, who had led us througli the Red Sea of Rebellion, is 
 vouchsafed but a glimpse of the Promised Land, as he passes 
 from mortal sight forever. 
 
 " Beautiful upon the mountains," says the prophet Isaiah, " are 
 the feet of him that bringeth good tidings." Yet as the messen- 
 gers approach we see that their countenances are grave, that their 
 garments are worn, that their feet are torn by the flinty way ; but 
 beautiful are they still for the glad tidings which they bear. 
 And as in imagination there rises again before us the tall figure 
 of Abraham Lincoln, not graceful according to the rules of classic 
 art, yet not without its own simple majesty; as we behold again 
 
 24 
 
that rugged countenance, deep graven with the lines of princely 
 care, we see it illumined with a nobler light than the cunning 
 hand of the Greek could give to the massive brow of the Olympian 
 Jupiter ; beautiful in the radiance of truth and justice, while the 
 scroll that he holds in his strong right hand bears the glad 
 tidings of liberty to all men. 
 
 Companions, my brief task is ended. In the conflict and in 
 the years that have followed, half of what were once our numbers, 
 it is probable, have passed the barrier that separates the seen 
 from the unseen world. They are the advance of that army of 
 which we are the rear-guard. Somewhere they have halted for 
 us, somewhere they are waiting for us. Steadily we are closing 
 up to them. Let us sling on our knapsacks as of old, let us 
 cheerily forward in the full faith that by fidelity to duty, by 
 loyalty to liberty, by devotion to the country which is the mother 
 of us all, we are one army still. 
 
DESCRIPTIVE FANTASIA. 
 
 BAND OP THE UNITED STATES MARINE CORPS. 
 
 Ad Episode in a Soldier's Life, or RecollectionB of the War 
 iDtTodaclng 
 
 The camp at night 
 Around the fire 
 
 The boys sing " Annie Laurie " 
 The enemy attempts a surprise 
 The battle 
 
 The return to camp 
 
 The band heard in the distance 
 Gradually drawing nearer 
 " The Vacant Chair" 
 
 A dream of "Home, Sweet Home" 
 Drummer's call 
 ' Glory Hallelujah" The warning gun 
 
 Surgeon's call The Reveille 
 
 Stable call The Assembly 
 
 Breakfast call 
 
 First call for Guard 
 
 Assembly of Guard details 
 To the color 
 
 Boots and Saddles 
 
 The flfe and drum corps 
 Recall 
 
 Roast Beef — Dinner call 
 
 " Marching through Georgia" 
 The Retreat 
 Band concert " The Mocking Bird" Sunset gun 
 
 Tattoo 
 
 " The Star-Spangled Banner" 
 
 Extinguish lights, or Taps 
 
General Gregg. When the Rebellion burst upon the coun- 
 try, cue of our citizens had reached the zenith of his fame in 
 his profession. He was the peer of all great actors. His soul 
 fired with patriotism, be quit the stage and thereafter devoted 
 iiimself to the service of the soldiers. Everywhere in the North 
 where there was an association to raise funds for the benefit of 
 soldiers his talents were employed ; and in the camps he cheered 
 the heart of many a soldier by his excellent and admirable reci- 
 tations. I have the pleasure of presenting the venerable Pro- 
 fessor and Companion James E. Murdoch. 
 
 READINGS. 
 
 PROF. JAMES E. MURDOCH. 
 THE AMERICAN FLAG. 
 
 DBAKE. 
 
 When freedom from lier mountain-lieight, 
 
 Unfurl'd her standard to the air, 
 She tore the azure robe of night, 
 
 And set the stars of glory there ; 
 She mingled with its gorgeous dyes 
 The milky baldric of the skies. 
 And striped its pure celestial white 
 With streakings of the morning light ; 
 Then from his mansion in the sun 
 She call'd her eagle-bearer down, 
 And gave into his mighty hand 
 The symbol of her chosen land. 
 
 Majestic monarch of the cloud ! 
 
 Who rear'st aloft thy regal form. 
 To hear the tempest-trumpings loud. 
 And see the lightning lances driven, 
 
 When strive the warriors of the storm, 
 And rolls the thunder-drum of heaven — 
 Child of the sun ! to thee 'tis given 
 
 To guard the banner of the free. 
 To hover iu the sulphur-smoke. 
 To ward away the battle-stroke, 
 And bid its blendinga shine afar, 
 Like rainbows on the cloud of war, 
 
 The harbingers of victory I 
 
 27 
 
Flag of the brave ! thy folds shall fly, 
 The sign of hope and triumph high, 
 When speaks the signal trumpet-tone. 
 And the long line comes gleaming on ; 
 Ere yet the life-hlood, warm and wet, 
 Has dimm'd the glistening bayonet. 
 Each soldier eye shall brightly turn, 
 To where thy sky-born glories burn. 
 And as his springing steps advance 
 Catch war and vengeance from the glance. 
 And when the cannon-mouthings loud 
 Heave in wild wreaths the battle shroud. 
 And gory sabres rise and fall 
 Like shoots of flame on midnight's pall, 
 Then shall thy meteor glances glow, 
 
 And cowering foes shall sink beneath 
 Each gallant arm that strikes below 
 
 That lovely messenger of death. 
 
 Flag of the seas ! on ocean wave 
 Thy stars shall glitter o'er the brave ; 
 When death, careering on the gale, 
 Sweeps darkly round the bellied sail. 
 And frighted waves rush wildly back 
 Before the broadside's reeling rack. 
 Each dying wanderer of the sea 
 Shall look at once to heaven and thee, 
 And smile to see thy splendors fly 
 In triumph o'er his closing eye. 
 
 Flag of the free heart's hope and home I 
 
 By angel hands to valor given ; 
 Thy stars have lit the welkin dome, 
 
 And all thy hues were born in heaven. 
 For ever float that standard sheet ! 
 
 Where breathes the foe but falls before us. 
 With freedom's soil beneath onr feet, 
 
 And freedom's banner streaming o'er us I 
 
 28 
 
COMRADES KNOWN IN MARCHES MANY. 
 
 COMPANION CHARLES G. HALPINE. 
 
 " Comrades known in marches many, 
 Comrades tried in dangers many, 
 Comrades bound by memories many, 
 
 Brothers evermore are we ; 
 Wounds or sickness may divide us, 
 Marching orders may divide us, 
 But, whatever fate betide us. 
 
 Brothers of the heart are we. 
 
 " Comrades known by faith the clearest, 
 Tried when death was near and nearest. 
 Bound we are by ties the dearest, 
 
 Brothers evermore to be ; 
 And, if spared and growing older, 
 Shoulder still in line with shoulder, 
 And with hearts no thrill the colder, 
 
 Brothers ever we shall be. 
 
 " By communion of the banner, 
 Battle-scarred but victor banner, 
 By the baptism of the banner. 
 
 Brothers of one church are we ; 
 Creed nor faction can divide us ; 
 Race nor language can divide us. 
 Still, whatever fate betide us, 
 
 Brothers of the heart are we !" 
 
IN MEMORIAM— ABRAHAM LINCOLN. 
 
 ADDRESS DELIVERED AT THE DEDICATION OF THE CEMETERY AT 
 GETTYSBURG, NOVEMBER 19, 1863. 
 
 "Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this 
 continent a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the 
 proposition that all men are created equal. 
 
 "Now we are engaged in a great civil war ; testing whether tliat na- 
 tion, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. 
 We are met on a great battle-field of that war. We have come to dedi- 
 cate a portion of that field as a final resting place for those who here 
 gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting 
 and proper that we should do this. 
 
 " But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate — we cannot consecrate — 
 we cannot hallow — this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who 
 struggled here, have consecrated it far above our poor power to add or 
 detract. The world will little note, nor long remember, what we say 
 here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the living, 
 rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who 
 fought here liave thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be 
 here dedicated to the great task remaining before us — that from these 
 honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they 
 gave the last full measure of devotion — that we here highly resolve that 
 these dead shall not have died in vain — that this nation, under God, 
 shall have a new birth of freedom — and that government of the people, 
 by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth." 
 
 30 
 
O, CAPTAIN I MY CAPTAIN ! 
 
 WALT WHITMAN. 
 
 0, Captain ! my Captain ! our fearful trip is done ; 
 
 The ship has weather'd every rack, the prize we sought is won ; 
 The port is uear, the bells I hear, the people all exulting, 
 
 While follow eyes the steady keel, the vessel grim and daring. 
 But O, heart I heart I heart I 
 
 0, the bleeding drops of red. 
 Where on the deck my Captain lies, 
 Fallen cold and dead. 
 
 O, Captain ! my Captain I rise up and hear the bells ; 
 
 Rise up — for you the flag is flung — for you the bugle trills ; 
 For you bouquets andribbon'd wreaths — for you the shores a-crowding 
 For you they call, the swaying mass, their eager faces turning. 
 Here, Captain ! dear father ! 
 
 This arm beneath your head ; 
 
 It is some dream that on the deck 
 
 You've fallen cold and dead. 
 
 My Captain'does not answer, his lips are pale and still ; 
 
 My father does not feel my arm, he has no pulse nor will ; 
 The ship is anchor'd safe and sound, its voyage closed and done ; 
 From fearful trip the victor ship comes in with object won. 
 Exult, shores, and ring bells I 
 
 But I, with mournful tread. 
 Walk the deck my Captain lies, 
 Fallen cold and dead. 
 
OUR MARTYR CHIEF. 
 From the Commemoration Ode. 
 
 LOWELL. 
 
 Life may "be given in many ways, 
 
 And loyalty to truth be sealed 
 
 As bravely iu the closet as in the field, 
 
 So generous is Fate ; 
 
 But then to stand beside lier, 
 
 When craven churls deride her, 
 To front a lie in arms and not to yield — 
 
 This shows, methinks, God's plan 
 
 And measure of a stalwart man, 
 
 Limbed like the old heroic breeds. 
 
 Who stands self-poised on manhood's solid earth. 
 
 Not forced to frame excuses for his birth, 
 Fed from within with all the strength he needs. 
 
 Such was he, our Martyr-Chief, 
 
 Whom late the Nation he had led, 
 
 With ashes on her head, 
 Wept with the passion of an angry grief ; 
 Forgive me, if from present things I turn 
 To speak what in my heart will beat and burn. 
 And hang my wreath on his world-honored urn. 
 
 Nature, they say, doth dote, 
 
 And cannot make a man 
 
 Save on some worn out plan. 
 
 Repeating us by rote ; 
 For him her Old-World mould aside she threw. 
 
 And, choosing sweet clay from the breast 
 
 Of the unexhausted West, 
 With stuff untainted shaped a hero new, 
 Wise, steadfast in the strength of God, and true. 
 
 How beautiful to see 
 Once more a shepherd of mankind indeed, 
 Who loved his charge, but never loved to lead ; 
 One whose meek flock the people joyed to be. 
 
 Not lured by any cheat of birth. 
 
 But by his clear-grained human worth, 
 
And brave old wisdom of sincerity ! 
 
 They knew that outward grace is dust ; 
 
 They could not choose but trust 
 In that sure-footed mind's unfaltering skill, 
 
 And supple-tempered will 
 That bent like perfect steel to spring again and thrust. 
 
 Nothing of Europe here, 
 Or, then, of Europe fronting mornward still, 
 
 Ere any names of Serf and Peer 
 
 Could Nature's equal scheme deface ; 
 
 Here was a type of the true elder race. 
 And one of Plutarch's men talked with us face to face. 
 
 His was no lonely mountain-peak of mind, 
 
 Thrusting to thin air o'er our cloudy bars, 
 
 A seamark now, now lost in vapors blind ; 
 Broad prairie rather, genial, level-lined, 
 
 Fruitful and friendly for his humankind, 
 Yet also known to Heaven and friend with all its stars. 
 
 I praise him not ; it were too late ; 
 And some innative weakness there must be 
 In him who condescends to victory 
 Such as the present gives, and cannot wait. 
 
 Safe in himself as in a fate. 
 
 So always iirmly he ; 
 
 He knew to bide his time. 
 
 And can his fame abide, 
 Still patient in his simple faith sublime, 
 • Till the wise years decide. 
 
 Great captains, with their guns and drums, 
 
 Disturb our judgment for the hour, 
 
 But at last silence comes ; 
 These all are gone, and, standing like a tower, 
 Our children shall behold his fame. 
 
 The kindly-earnest, brave, foreseeing man, 
 Sagacious, patient, dreading praise, not blame. 
 New birth of our new soil, the first American. 
 
 33 
 
General Gregg. To introduce to an audience such as this, of 
 old soldiers and their sympathizing friends, the General-in-Cliief 
 of tlie Army, would be presumption. I have the pleasure of 
 presenting General Schofield. 
 
 Gen. Schofip:ld. Companions and Ladies and Gentlemen : 
 The great sacrifices made by the people of this country in the 
 long struggle for tlie preservation of the Union liave been returned 
 in blessings upon the nation in many forms. One of the most 
 notable of these is in the development, for the first time in the 
 history of the nation, of the military system peculiar to this 
 country. The gallant soldiers who learned the art of war in 
 four years of service in the field, have by their inspiration, their 
 leadership and instruction, developed the militia ol the States of 
 the Union, or National Guard, into the character and positions 
 which properly belong to them in the military system of the 
 United States. This system was not constructed by our fore- 
 fathers upon the model of that of any other nation, nor did they 
 attempt to build it in accordance with any well-defined military 
 theory, but left it to develop and grow through the necessities of 
 the country and by the application of well-established military 
 principles. Hence that system has always been, in its imperfect 
 state, as well as now in its more highly developed state, essenti- 
 ally different in many important respects from the system of any 
 other country. The most notable perhaps of its characteristics 
 is the composition of the armies of the United States, viz., the 
 exceedingly small proportion of the regular establishment, the 
 much larger proportion of tiie organized militia or National Guard, 
 and the vastly greater proportion of the reserve forces upon which 
 the country relies in a time of war. The next characteristic is 
 in the high character of the men who compose the line and staff 
 (I speak of the organized forces of the State militia as well as 
 of the regular army), the excellent discipline and the degree of 
 instruction maintained in those forces, of which the type is found 
 in the Military Academy. Starting there with the broadest 
 possible democratic theory of selection and then, by a process of 
 elimination such as is known nowhere else in the world, those 
 
 84 
 
not sufficiently capable are sent to their homes and those alone 
 who survive this ordeal are chosen to serve the United States. 
 A similar process is enforced with regard to the rank and file. 
 By a process of elimination, the unworthy are cast out and those 
 alone are retained whom the people can rely upon under all cir- 
 cumstances to execute their will as expressed in the laws. 
 
 The same characteristic is found among the National Guard of 
 the several States. Nowhere in the world is there a force which, 
 at so little cost and with so little expenditure of time, is made so 
 reliable a force for the execution of the laws of a free people. 
 
 But, above all, in this country the most striking characteristic 
 of the military system is its control by the civil administra- 
 tion. Here, not only in name, but in fact, the Chief Civil 
 Magistrate is the Commander-in-Chief of the Army and of the 
 Navy. Not only is his will, under the law, the only authority 
 for the movements and operations of the Army ; but in the 
 details of administration, in every detail of command, either 
 the will of the Chief Magistrate himself or of his chosen repre- 
 sentative, fresh from the people themselves, is found in every 
 part of the service, both military and naval. It may be that 
 such a system is not, according to any well-defined theory, a 
 perfect system. Be it so. It is the system which the people 
 of the United States want. It is the system by which the mili- 
 tary power of the nation is made subservient absolutely to the 
 national will. Under it, the soldier can have no motive of action 
 but duty, he can know no authority but the law and the ministers 
 of the law chosen by the people, and he can have no ambition 
 higher than that of public approbation of duty well performed. 
 
 General Gregg. All soldiers, wherever they have served, 
 whether in the Army of the Potomac or in the Western Army, 
 knew General Howard. I now present that gentleman to you. 
 
 General Howard. Companions of the Army and Navy and 
 Friends : It really seems to me too late, at this hour, for me to 
 present anything but an endorsement of what has been said and 
 
 36 
 
so well said. This I can well do, as I have been accustomed in 
 one or two organizations with which I have been connected to 
 say "Amen." I have, however, prepared a brief paper, which 
 I have here, and I will try your patience by reading it. It is as 
 follows : — 
 
 " Loyal Legion." It is an expressive name. The term 
 " Loyalty," long so called, was not a little discredited during 
 our Revolution ; yet I heard a man the other day claiming most 
 earnestly the genuine aristocracy of his family on tlie ground that 
 his great-grandfather, an inhabitant of New York, was loyal to 
 Great Britain during the entire Revolutionary struggle, and that 
 this worthy ancestor ever fought gallantly against the Yankees 
 during the war. 
 
 The loyalty itself was all right but, over here, we believe 
 it was misdirected — the possessor of that loyal spirit should 
 have moved over into his Majesty's Kingdom, as Arnold did, 
 and there laid the corner-stone of his proud family mansion. 
 
 Our reconstructed friends say that our Government Loyalty 
 was just like that of the British-American Tories — whereas tney 
 themselves were all right according to the Revolutionary language, 
 that is, at their worst only Rebel patriots. We see a vast differ- 
 ence. Of old, the Tory was loyal to the oppressor. The rebel- 
 ling patriot was loyal to the principles of individual liberty. Of 
 late we were loyal to the Union and to the perpetuation of indi- 
 vidual liberty. Against these, the Union and individual liberty, 
 the Confederate confessedly drew his angry bow, and aimed his 
 heaviest catapault. 
 
 This organization, " The Loyal Legion," has a sweet allitera- 
 tion to the patriots who thought and spoke and fought for the 
 Union and ior individual liberty to be regulated by law. They 
 cherish the idea that the sons who are made eligible to the Loyal 
 Legion will take up their father's plans and perfect them, that 
 they will seize upon our country's problems which are not yet 
 fully solved and complete them. Loyalty fought long and hard, 
 amid many dark hours and awful discouragements ; but she finally 
 gained Iier Gettysburg, Vicksburg, Atlanta, Nashville, and Appo- 
 mattox. Loyalty gave freedom to every slave within the Union. 
 
Loyalty gave the right to tlie freed people to testify in the courts 
 of law. Loyalty saved the old Constitution beyond peradven- 
 ture and then amended it. 
 
 With many misgivings, almost under compulsion, because verily 
 there was no place in a Government by the people for a nonde- 
 script crowd that was not of the people, loyalty extended the 
 great privilege of citizenship to the men of dusky faces. Loy- 
 alty opened wide its arms and said to all Confederates, " Come 
 back to Army, Navy, Courts, and Congress. You are most 
 welcome." 
 
 And now a set of croakers tell us that loyalty has been too 
 ardent, and so multiplied mistakes ; they declare that that 
 grand suffrage was a folly, and that grand forgiveness a humbug. 
 Let us not believe them. These are no longer subjects demand- 
 ing discussion, they are principles forever settled. We thank 
 God that Jefferson Davis was allowed to live his life, and 
 speak his thoughts, erroneous as they were. They could not 
 harm us after the war, because we were strong enough to stand 
 the strain. Strikes, mobs, lynch-law operations, white caps, 
 shot-gun gangs, Kentucky-Tennessee and North Carolina family 
 feuds are deplorable, but they will not last; for they are but the 
 surgings of the small sea of wrongdoings against the rocks of 
 loyalty. The true loyal soul is guarded ever by more than ten 
 legions of armed helpers, seen and unseen. The battle ever 
 goes on, and as God is God in spite of Agnostics, the right 
 must sooner or later prevail. 
 
 Ballot-box stuffing is hideous. It strikes the meanest kinds 
 of blows at the corner-stone of our liberties. Yes, but behold the 
 quick expedients that loyalty devises with some self-acting con- 
 trivance to hamper fraud and smother it to death. Many a 
 patriot is hindered from voting, some are maltreated and some 
 are killed. Yes, we know it and we mourn over it. Yet things 
 are better than they were forty years ago, when hundreds of 
 thousands of men didn't dare to say that tl)eir souls were their 
 own ; when their faces were so doughy that a few resolute tyrants 
 could turn them and shape them as they pleased. Oppressors 
 cannot last long, because loyalty is so abundant, so out-spoken. 
 
and so strong. Our loyal children will take up the easier prob- 
 lems that we bequeath and solve them. They are loyal sons and 
 we can trust them. We only see a prolonged sorrow, and a 
 postponed jubilee in the vestige of injustice which some of our 
 present law-givers foster. And so witiiout losing hope we call 
 upon our loyal sons to keep our old banners flying, stimulating 
 them with the cry that " God is the God of all men," and that 
 wrong perpetuated upon his weakest child within our borders, 
 no matter whence he came, is a disloyalty to Him and the prin- 
 ciples we have so successfully established. 
 
 Our Constitution is a veritable Goddess. She has reached the 
 highest production plane. She surrounds herself with rich fruit- 
 age throughout this Continent. She smiles at England immersed 
 in a turbid lake of musty old laws, trying in vain to give her 
 dear Ireland more liberty. She sorrows over France wlio has 
 chained her intrinsic power to a single assembly and understands 
 not our triple strength. France, with her Sunday elections, 
 without checks and balances. She calls to all limited monarch- 
 ies " Come, and see, and imitate, and live." She beckons the poor 
 frightened Tzar to her plane of peace and safety. Hurrah for 
 the Old Constitution. Our loyal souls thank God and fear not 
 for our own America when they behold her lofty seat and her 
 protecting aegis. 
 
 General Gregg. Pennsylvanians, I do not address myself to 
 you. I address myself to our visiting Companions, whether from 
 Maine, Oregon, California, or elsewhere. I present the honored 
 Governor of the Commonwealth, Brig.-General James A. Beaver. 
 
 Gen. Beaver. Beauty for ashes, life for death, fragrance for 
 decay — this is the lesson of the spring time, this is the lesson 
 which the glorious sun is shining upon us as we come to this 
 honored gathering. It is an evidence of the great compensating 
 law of nature. It is illustrating itself in this resurrection time 
 of the spring, when the springing blade and the swelling bud are 
 giving gladness to the earth and blessings to her sons. This 
 
great law of compensation finds its illustration in the history of 
 the nation and in the lives of men. Out of the grave of Abraham 
 Lincoln arises a deathless fame ; from the death-bed of Abraham 
 Lincoln arises this great loyal organization, whose first duty has 
 been, is and will be, to bless the memory and perpetuate the 
 name of that great apostle and martyr of liberty. My comrades, 
 my Companions from the East and West, the North and South, 
 we owe it to ourselves, we owe it to our posterity, that the fame 
 of Lincoln, the deeds of Grant, and the soldierly achievements 
 of all our great commanders, companions, and comrades who 
 have gone from us shall not be blotted from the memory of the 
 present nor lost to future generations. You, my friends, who are 
 younger than we, who have come upon the stage of action since 
 these deeds of which you have heard to-night, can demand from 
 the men of this great organization, and you ought to demand from 
 them, that before they pay the great debt which they owe to 
 nature tliey shall discharge the obligation which is due from them 
 to you and to posterity in commemorating and in putting into 
 fadeless type the deeds and the heroism of the men who gave 
 their lives as the measure of their loyalty and of their devotion 
 to the country. If the Loyal Legion can give to the world a 
 reason for its existence, that reason is to be found in its members 
 preserving for this generation and for the generations to come 
 the story of the deeds of their companions and of themselves. 
 Therefore, I say, as we come to the Twenty-fifth Anniversary of 
 the death of that great apostle of freedom, the sickening horror 
 of whose taking off clings to us still as each anniversary recurs, 
 recalling how, when the news of it flashed over the wires, we 
 felt as if the foundations had been taken from under us and God 
 himself had hidden His face from us — as we come to this anni- 
 versary, which marks also the anniversary of the founding of the 
 Loyal Legion — it seems to me that the lesson which we gather 
 from it should be that, as the Commandery of California, of 
 Michigan, of Missouri, of Nebraska, and notably that of Ohio 
 have been preserving and giving, to the world the deeds of their 
 heroes, so we, in every other Commandery, should devote ourselves 
 now and hereafter to paying the debt wliich we owe to posterity 
 
by preserving for it tlie records of the achievements, the heroism, 
 the wisdom and the might of the men who gave their lives that 
 this nation might live. 
 
 General Gregg. Our neighbors of the New York Comman- 
 dery sent to this celebration a very large delegation. Happily 
 for u3 they did not leave behind Brig.-General Horace Porter, 
 whom I have now the pleasure to present. 
 
 Gen. PoKTER. If I had known the precise character of this 
 flank attack that has been made upon me to-night, I should have 
 tried to throw my pickets further to the front in the hope of gain- 
 ing sufficiently early information to enable me to beat a masterly 
 retreat ; for if there was one lesson which the war taught us better 
 than another, it was that a man may retreat successfully from 
 almost any position, if lie only starts in time. I am very sure 
 that the few words I shall speak to-night can be of no practical 
 use on this memorable occasion, but I hope I may be of some 
 service to the speakers who have preceded me, inasmuch as 
 preceding speakers are sometimes like figures in arithmetic — 
 they gain a value and importance they would not have in them- 
 selves from the number of ciphers grouped after them. 
 
 As I look around to-night — I tiiink we are all here. When I 
 see the compactness of the multitude of Companions gathered in 
 this building, I take it as another verification of the remark made 
 by a distinguished writer that soldiers are the only carnivorous 
 animals that love to live in a gregarious state. When I observe 
 the solidity of the formation here, I cannot help recalling a re- 
 mark made by a New England soldier, one night, in the Army 
 of the Potomac. He was posted pretty well to the front with 
 orders to give timely notice of any advance of the enemy. About 
 midnight the silence was broken by a quartermaster's mule break- 
 ing loose from a wagon in Lee's army. With head down and tail 
 up, the mule came straight for our lines. He brayed until you 
 could hear him both in Washington and Richmond. He came on 
 with trace-chains rattling, hoofs clattering, and whiffle-trees snap- 
 
 10 
 
ping over the stumps of trees. Our man came in and reported 
 to tlie officer of the picket line. With that coolness which is 
 always characteristic of the New England soldier, he remarked, 
 " They're a-comin'." " How many of them ?" the officer asked. 
 He replied, " I didn't stop to count 'em, but, from the solidity of 
 the movement, I should jedge it's the hull Southrin Confedracy." 
 
 If I know the thought which is uppermost in your minds to- 
 night, it is, that a quarter of a century has passed since the 
 armies of the Union stood shoulder to shoulder in line of battle. 
 It seems all like a dream. A quarter of a century since the men 
 of those armies gathered in their might, rallied to the defence of 
 an imperilled nation, knelt upon this soil to swear allegiance to 
 the Republic, and marched forth to seal the oath with their blood. 
 Time is passing, memory is failing; and it is well that the 
 survivors of that heroic struggle should gather together, should 
 assemble once more around the bivouac, should again kindle the 
 historic camp fires to the end that in their light the world may 
 read anew the record of imperishable deeds. The very touch of 
 the elbow given by comrades here to-night is an undying proof 
 that, as iron is welded in the heat of the forge, so are inseparable 
 friendships welded in the heat of battle. 
 
 When the first gun was fired upon Sumter, when Lincoln 
 called for Union troops, some men exclaimed : " What, will 
 brothers fight?" "Aye," was the response, " even brothers will 
 fight when -their mother has been struck." Then there came the 
 marshalling of that vast force. Men surged up from the valleys 
 and poured down from the hill tops, the middle wall of partition 
 was broken down between all classes, and it seemed that we lived 
 once more in the brave days of old, when none were for a party 
 but all were for the State. Then came the order to break up 
 the camps of instruction and to move that army to the front. 
 We remember it as well as if it were yesterday. Every hamlet 
 bristled with marching men, every street was lighted by the 
 glitter of their steel. Drums were beating the march ; fifes were 
 playing " The girl I left behind me ;" many a cheek soon to be 
 bronzed by Southern suns and begrimed with powder was then 
 bathed with the tears of parting ; aged parents stood bowed in 
 
 41 
 
the grief of separation ; and sweethearts watched the fading 
 columns until the great blinding tears shut out the sight. So 
 with bands playing, drums beating, flags flying, and voices cheer- 
 ing, the legions of American manhood marched away on their 
 grand campaign. The trials of that army have never been 
 matched since the trade of war began. Its sufferings have never 
 been equalled since the days of the Christian martyrs. For a 
 time victory ceased to perch upon its banners ; thousands of 
 comrades were languishing in Southern prison pens; the coffers 
 of the Treasury were well nigh drained ; news from the front 
 meant defeat; news from the rear meant mob law and draft riots 
 in the streets; hope seemed fading; the land was filled with 
 doubting Thomas's, with unbelieving Saracens, with discontented 
 Catalines; but as the Danes once destroyed the hearing of their 
 war horses in order that they migiit not be affrighted by the din 
 of battle, so the men in that army turned a deaf ear to doubts and 
 despondency in the rear and {)Lished boldly to the front. But in 
 that front what scenes were met! Ah, you know them but too 
 well. There was the blistering Southern sun, swamps which bred 
 miasma and death, rivers with impossible approaches, heights to 
 be scaled, batteries to be captured. There was the open plane 
 with guns in front and guns in flank which swept the serried 
 column until iiunian blood flowed as freely as festal wine. Tiiere 
 were the dense woods ; the upper growth shutting out the light 
 of heaven, the undergrowth impeding the progress of man; forest 
 fires raging; ammunition trains exploding; the dead roasting in 
 the flames ; the wounded dragging their mangled limbs after them 
 to escape the conflagration, until every thorn on every bush was 
 hung with shreds of blood-stained clothing, and it seemed that 
 Christian men had turned to fiends and hell itself had usurped 
 the place of earth. But that army never paused until it had 
 fulfilled the wishes of those who mustered it. It never faltered 
 until it snatched victory from defeat and dipped the fringes of its 
 banners in the blood of conquered foes. At last the final gun 
 was fired ; and then there fell upon the land that calm which 
 comes after the storm, which is a peace not of man's but of God's 
 making. Then the charges were withdrawn from the guns, the 
 
 42 
 
tents were struck, the flags were tenderly furled — those precious 
 standards, bullet-riddled, battle-torn, but remnants of their former 
 selves, with scarcely enough left of them on which to print the 
 names of the battles they had seen ; the camp fires were left to 
 smoulder in their ashes and the armies of the Union and the 
 armies of Rebellion turned their backs upon each other for the 
 first time in four long bloody years. 
 
 The lessons of the war are ever present with us. The story 
 of its battles, the grandest of modern epics, has passed into his- 
 tory, and the imperishable scroll on which that history is written 
 has been securely lodged in the highest niche in the temple of 
 Fame. As long as life itself shall last, future ages will point to 
 that army and exclaim, " Thine honor bore the perfume of heroic 
 deeds." 
 
 General Gregg. It gives me great pleasure to present to 
 you the Commander of the old 12th Corps of the Army of the 
 Potomac and the Commander of the Army of Georgia, Major- 
 General H. W. Slocum. 
 
 Gen. Slocum. Companions : On my arrival here I was pre- 
 sented with a programme of what was to occur to-day. On that 
 I read that this meeting was to close between nine and ten o'clock 
 and that you were to be received by the Union League Club at 
 ten precisely. Now in view of that fact and of the fact that there 
 are five Major-Generals on the list to follow me and more than 
 twenty other gentlemen, not named on the list, who are waiting, 
 I feel that the most appropriate and welcome words I could utter 
 to you would be simply " Good night." I want to say, liowever, 
 that, as you learned lessons in every battle that you fought during 
 the war, so you should also learn a lesson from to-night's proceed- 
 ings. I have not any doubt but that, at the semi-centennial an- 
 niversary of this Order, to be celebrated, as it ought to be, in 
 Brooklyn, you who may he present there will bear in mind what 
 occurred here and will have the proceedings commence at eight 
 in the morning instead of eight in the evening. I know that 
 
you would do this if you only realized how many fine speeches 
 you have lost because the hour of eleven has come upon us so 
 suddenly. There are orators upon the stage who would have 
 been glad to entertain you and would do so but for the fact that 
 the time has come for us to break up. 
 
 General Gregg. On my left is a distinguished soldier who 
 gained distinction in the Army of the Potomac, and has since 
 been very distinguished in Indian warfare. He recently received 
 a well-merited reward in his promotion to Major-General of the 
 regular army. I refer to General Nelson A. Miles, whom I now 
 present. 
 
 Gen. Miles. Mr. Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen : I learned 
 for the first time, on reaching this hall, that my name was on 
 the list ; but you seem to take liberties with a man's name here 
 in Pennsylvania, and consequently, like my friend General 
 Porter, I see no way of retreating. But I will not occupy your 
 time. I am delighted to be here, to listen to the words of 
 wisdom and patriotism that have been uttered, to enjoy the 
 scenes we have witnessed and the music we have heard, and to 
 be one of your number. 
 
 I am gratified to have been engaged in that great enterprise 
 nearly thirty years ago, and I indorse all that has been said here 
 to-night in eulogy of the men whose names have been mentioned. 
 In looking around this platform I notice a representation of the 
 Monitor, and I cannot refrain from mentioning the name of John 
 Ericsson as one of those whose memory should be revered for the 
 services they rendered the government and to the cause of hu- 
 manity. Let us not forget that patriot, tliat great man, who did 
 so much to give us the finest navy at the time in the world, and 
 who contributed to the preservation of the blessings that we now 
 enjoy. The thought to which I would give expression is this, 
 that to no one man or class of men is due the credit of accom- 
 plishing what was accomplished. Even Mr. Lincoln, the grand 
 hero of that great work, he who signed the commissions and cre- 
 
 44 
 
ated the officers, would not have claimed that credit. It was the 
 people themselves who achieved the result. It was the people 
 of the country who cheered us on and sustained us in our work, 
 and it was from the people that a million of soldiers were organ- 
 ized. In my judgment, the greatest and grandest victory of the 
 war was achieved when, after having saved the country, held it 
 together and destroyed human slavery, the armed hosts marched 
 back again to build up the waste places of their land, to become 
 citizens again and to resume their normal conditions. We have 
 felt the influence of their example in every part of the country. 
 Although their great leader was no more, they practised his pre- 
 cept, " With malice toward none, with cliarity for all." While 
 here in the East, I am reminded of the great work tliat has been 
 done by our brethren in the West. Many of you remained in 
 the East, but others went to the far West and there have been 
 making homes and building States. 
 
 I will, with your permission, Mr. Chairman, read a telegram 
 which I received to-day from San Francisco. It shows that the 
 same spirit manifest here to-night exists on the other side of the 
 continent, where our brethren are not only inspired by the same 
 principles which actuate you, but that they are building new 
 States and adding new stars to the glorious banner that now 
 floats from the Atlantic to the Pacific. The telegram is dated 
 from Sar> Francisco, to-day, and reads as follows : — 
 
 " The California Commandery in stated meeting sends warm- 
 est greeting to the Pennsylvania Commandery and Companions 
 assembled in Pliiladelphia to celebrate the fiuarter-centennial of 
 the Loyal Legion. Deeply regreting our enforced absence, we 
 telegraph our loyalty to the Order, our faith in its permanence, 
 and our trust that our Companions present will not forget — 
 though absent — tljat we are with them in spirit." 
 
 General Gregg. It gives me great pleasure to present the 
 Commander of the New York Commandery — Brevet Major- 
 General Wager Swayne. 
 
 4S 
 
Gen. SwAYNE. A great commemorative meeting, such as this, 
 has — in one aspect — a sacred meaning. We are here, not lest the 
 motives that bring us here should die, but we are here that we our- 
 selves henceforth may be more alive to those motives. Our dead 
 Companions are not dead in any sense that begets an idea of 
 nothingness, for their country will not die. Through the medium 
 of a divinely appointed method, their heart's blood passed into 
 the new life of this country, and the fruit of their self-sacrifice is 
 this, that liberty now lives and flourishes with a glory that is 
 daily brightening the world. They have left to us a heritage in 
 that precious word " Companion," which is full of significance 
 to us and emboldens us, in looking on this great company of 
 valuable lives, to greet each member of it as Companion. That 
 greeting comes home to the heart of every one of us, not as with 
 a roar of multitudes, but with the still small voice that is divine, 
 and conveys from one heart to another a comfort and a sense of 
 fellowship such as we seldom experience. 
 
 Companions, this Order of the Loyal Legion recites, in the 
 initial page of its Constitution, that it is founded upon belief in 
 God. It is for us to trust to His love that the influence of our 
 own lives may not be lost and that our dead Companions may 
 look upon us this night, on our rejoicing and on their country's 
 peace — a peace which, we trust, may be likened to that which 
 they enjoy, which is unspeakable forever. 
 
 General Gregg. I present Brevet Brigadier-General Wm. E. 
 Marshall, of the Minnesota Commandery, formerly Governor of 
 that State. 
 
 Gen. Marshall. Companions and Citizens of Philadelphia : 
 I must not fail to extend to you a greeting from the Companions 
 and Commanderies of the far West. We have come more than a 
 thousand miles, from Minnesota, to attend this great anniversary 
 meeting. We feel that we have been abundantly repaid by the 
 splendid hospitality of the Pennsylvania Commandery and the 
 Union League of this city and by this splendid audience of the citi- 
 zens of Philadelphia and the greeting you have given us to-night. 
 
For myself I may say it is not the first time that I have been a 
 guest and enjoyed the hospitality of your great, generous, patriotic 
 city. Twenty-four years ago it was my fortune to attend a meeting 
 here of the Southern Loyalists, with whom the Governors of the 
 Northern States were invited to participate in the conference upon 
 the situation brought about by the attitude of President Johnson. 
 I remember the princely entertainment that was extended to that 
 convention and the delegates from the West by the Union League. 
 All the Governors of the loyal States were present. Among 
 them were Morton, of Indiana, on whose broad shoulders, as upon 
 an Atlas, the interests of the loyal West had rested during the 
 war ; Yates, of Illinois ; Buckingham, of Connecticut ; Fenton 
 and Morgan, of New York; John A. Andrew, that great and 
 warm-hearted representative of New England ; and of course 
 your own great loyal Governor, Andrew G. Curtin. Alas, of 
 all those war Governors, so far as I now know, none remain but 
 Ramsey, of my own State, and Curtin, of Pennsylvania. 
 
 Companions and Citizens of Philadelphia: It is an instructive 
 thing to us of the far West to come to your city, one so rich in his- 
 toric associations and patriotic memories. The speakers to-night 
 have mentioned the Hall of Independence ; the formation here of 
 the Constitution ; the Continental Congress, whose sittings were 
 here; but they did not exhaust the rich associations of Philadelphia 
 and its vicinity. The flames of the Revolutionary War burned 
 fiercely about you. Across the wintry waters of the Delaware 
 is Trenton ; here in your corporate limits is Germantown ; 
 toward the eapitol of tiie nation is Brandywine ; and not far up 
 the Schuylkill is Valley Forge ; all of which are associated with 
 the darkest hour in the times that tried men's souls. Here you 
 nurtured Franklin, who did more than any other man to educate 
 the Colonies and to organize them in resistance to the oppres- 
 sion of George III. Here was the home of Robert Morris, 
 the financier of the Revolution ; it was fitting that upon your 
 soil of Pennsylvania the great culminating battle should be 
 fought. The cup of honor for Pennsylvania was filled by that 
 great decisive struggle, where the flame of war burned so near 
 to your homes that its heat might almost be felt on the out- 
 
 47 
 
stretched hand. Yours is a city of beautiful rivers with a broad- 
 armed port. Yours is a State of fertile valleys and wooded 
 mountain tops, rich in treasures of iron, coal, and oil stored up 
 from the foundation of the world, yet richer in man's memories 
 for its treasures of patriotic deeds. We of the unhistoric West 
 honor you and reverence you as the mighty keystone of the arch 
 of the Union. 
 
 General Gregg. I present the Commander of the Comman- 
 dery of the District of Columbia and United States Senator from 
 Nebraska, Brevet Brigadier-General Chas. F. Manderson. 
 
 Gen. Manderson. My Companions of the Loyal Legion, 
 Ladies and Gentlemen : I really think that if the choice was 
 offered to me to lead a charge against a rebel battery or to talk 
 to this exhausted audience at this time of night I would select 
 the first as the least of two evils. These exercises were to close 
 at ten o'clock, that other and more pleasing observances might 
 follow, and it is now near the midnight hour. I congratulate 
 you upon your powers of endurance and the astonishing exhibi- 
 tion of patience you have made. I will not test the one or try 
 the other by inflicting a speech upon you, and if I were to follow 
 the bent of my own inclinations would simply say good-night and 
 retire. 
 
 It is perhaps due from me however that in this presence and 
 at this time I should pay one tribute and recall to your minds one 
 or two incidents. Anything I may say to you after these care- 
 fully prepared and magnificently delivered addresses, to which 
 you have so patiently listened would sound like the rattle of small 
 arms after the deep-toned thunder of the artillery. You have 
 stood your ground well under the fire and those of you who have 
 remained are at least in the condition of the soldier who fled to 
 the safety of the rear during the battle, and who when he came to 
 where the sound of the bullet was not heard and the shriek of the 
 shell came not, soliloquized thus — " Well, old fellow, you were 
 badly frightened, sadly demoralized and stampeded, but, thank 
 God, you are not scattered !" 
 
 48 
 
If anything were needed to show me the changes that the years 
 have wrought and what effects have come with the passing of 
 the last quarter of a century it came to-night. 
 
 With you I listened to that wonderful piece of musical gym- 
 nastics played by the Marine Band under the skilled leadership 
 of Sousa. It represented the scenes of the march, the camp, 
 and the battle, and brought in the once familiar bugle-calls. By 
 my side sat a distinguished soldier, who gave a good strong arm 
 to his country's cause. He listened much delighted and at last 
 when the clear bugle notes gave us the reveille he turned to me 
 and exclaimed, " Halloo ! there goes the sick call." But really 
 I did not wonder much at the mistake, for we all remember how 
 sick that call made us in the grey dawn of many a foggy, muggy 
 morning. You know that it has been said that the way to a 
 man's heart is through his stomach, and I am led by this further 
 incident of the evening to believe that the way to enliven recol- 
 lection and awaken remembrances of the past, is througli that 
 organ of the body. The bugler sounded dinner call and my 
 comrade who sat next me recognized it before the last note of 
 the first bar had awakened the echoes. 
 
 Our reunion is in the State of Pennsylvania, and many com- 
 plimentary allusions have been made to this great Commonwealth. 
 The Keystone State stands pre-eminent among all the sisterhood 
 for magnificent, self-sacrificing patriotism. I was born within 
 her borders, and in this great city, and am proud of and exult 
 in my birthright. This City of Brotherly Love, the Quaker City, 
 peaceable in peace, was warlike in war, and from her citizens 
 came many of the best and truest soldiers who followed the flag. 
 Others have spoken of her Generals and of those who won renown 
 in the field, staff, and line of the armies of the Republic. But 
 there was a vast multitude, so great almost that no man can 
 number them, who did as heroic service and never reached the 
 distinction of wearing a shoulder strap. 
 
 All honor and enduring fame to the enlisted men, the private 
 soldiers of this great State, whose intelligent and patriotic en- 
 deavor did so much towards saving the Union. It is most fitting 
 that they should be referred to to-night, and because of my great 
 
respect for liira and because he was a typical private soldier, I 
 desire to single out one of the sons of Pennsylvania for mention. 
 I do so not only because of my respect for him but by reason of 
 my love and reverence for the memory of my old chieftain, the 
 Commander of the Army of the Cumberland, tlie grandest of all 
 military leaders, General George H. Thomas. At the capitol of 
 this nation there lies to-night, cold in death, a native son of this 
 State, and one of the most distinguished citizens of tliis munici- 
 pality. Cast in rugged mould he brought to the performance of 
 every duty an honesty of purpose that commanded the respect 
 of all, whether political friends or foes. He achieved high civil 
 position but he won no place that honored him more than that 
 of having been a private soldier from this State. Tlie particular 
 incident in his career that I would recall to-night is this : 
 Samuel J. Randall at a critical time in the early part of the war, 
 being a private in a Pennsylvania Cavalry Company, wrote a 
 letter in the confidence and trust of personal friendship, to Simon 
 Cameron, then in the zenith of his great fame and a power mighty 
 for good. In this letter he spoke of the inefficiency of some of 
 our military leaders and declared that in a state of war ineffi- 
 ciency was criminality and incompetency deserving of severest 
 punishment. He urged that efficiency deserved and should 
 receive recognition and declared that Colonel George H. Thomas, 
 then obscure and almost unknown, was the proper man by train- 
 ing and experience to be made a Brigadier-General of the U. S. 
 Army. I believe that this unsolicited tribute from this far seeing 
 and observant private soldier went far to cause the appointment 
 of that modest leader and great soldier to the position he so 
 thoroughly and completely filled to the good of the Republic. 
 Both are gone ! Peace be with them. 
 
 My friends, 1 do not propose to detain you further save to 
 thank you for your attention and to say that the only comfort to 
 me as one of the cipliers spoken of by General Porter is that I 
 stand on the right of the line of figures where I may hope at 
 least that I add value and increase rather than decrease quality. 
 Of quantity surely you have had enough. 
 
 60 
 
MUSICAL PANORAMA. 
 
 BAND OK THE I'SITED STATES MAKINE tOKPS. 
 
 From the Lakes to the Gulf Stream, the voyage of a Man-o'-war's-maa 
 Comprising 
 
 All hands ou deck 
 
 The boatswain's whistle 
 
 All hands up anchor 
 
 " Then fare thee well, my own Mary Auu" 
 
 Ho, Ho, blow the man dowu 
 
 " The Red, White, and Blue" 
 
 "A Wet Sheet and a Flowing Sea" 
 
 We '11 rant and we '11 roar like true Yankee sailors 
 
 The Storm 
 
 The Prayer iu the Storm 
 
 The White Squall 
 
 " Soiree Dansante'' ou the fo'c'lc 
 
 Passing the Confederate Forts 
 
 The Confederate band plays " Maryland my Maryland" 
 
 and "Carry me back to ole Virginny" 
 
 The Man-o'-war's-man's band answers with "We '11 be gay and happy still" 
 
 and " Star-Spangled Banner" " Dixie" aud "Yankee Doodle" follow 
 
 The Apotheosis Hail Columbia 
 
RECEPTION 
 
 PENNSYLVANIA 
 
 ACADEMY OF THE FINE ARTS 
 
 April 16, 1890 
 
 83 
 
A MEMORABLE RECEPTION. 
 
 The reception given in the Academy of Fine Arts was a 
 memorable occasion. There liave been many such lield in 
 Philadelphia since the Centennial year, but this was the hand- 
 somest reception and most beautiful entertainment on so large a 
 scale held in this city in many years. It is doubtful if it has 
 ever been surpassed in some respects. In the many handsome 
 and soldierly men, the monuments of brave manhood left of the 
 successful legions of a great war, and the beauty of the women 
 from many of the largest and most prosperous States of the 
 Union, there has never been a gathering like it. The decora- 
 tions were dignified and stately as well as patriotic, and with 
 the walls covered with the representative art of the world, great 
 bronze and noble statuary occupying the centre of large spaces, 
 and the music of the grand Marine Band lending inspiration, it 
 was an evening the impressions of which will not soon be for- 
 gotten by those who participated. Much of what is best and 
 most enduring in the nation was there represented, and altogether 
 the occasion was on a mucli higher plane than those on which 
 some purely selfish end is served. There were in all between 
 four and five thousand persons present, making one of the most 
 distinguished gatherings of people of importance from different 
 parts of the country that ever met in Piiiladelphia. 
 
 The decorations were mainly United States flags, bright and 
 new, arranged in shields and escutcheons and as banners in the 
 various rooms and along the imposing stairway or wherever they 
 could be most effectively introduced. Tlie flowers, mainly pink 
 hydrangeas and white daisies and other spring blossoms, were 
 unusually fresh and pretty. 
 
 55 
 
It was a revelation to many the playing of the Marine Band 
 on this occasion, and it covered itself with new laurels. At 
 times it was as finely modulated as a string orchestra, and again 
 it played as a complete military band with such ability can in 
 an assemblage numbering thousands. 
 
 The Northwest Gallery was set apart for the reception, and 
 handsomely embellished with flowers. 
 
PROGRAMME 
 
 MILITARY ORDER 
 
 LOYAL LEGION OF THE UNITED STATES 
 
 PENNSYLVANIA ACADEMY OF THE FINE ARTS 
 
 April 1G, 1890 
 
 87 
 
I March— '* The Loyal Legion" 
 
 3 Grand Fantasia — "Lohengrin" 
 
 The Question Motive, The Swan Song, 
 
 Lisa's Procession to the Minster, 
 
 Prelude to the Bridal Chorus, the Bridal Chorus, 
 
 The Grail Motive, Oh, King of Kings, 
 
 Finale. 
 
 Si/nsa 
 Waff7ier 
 
 r. Cornet Solo- 
 
 ' Fantasia Brilliant" 
 
 MR. WALTER F. SMITH. 
 
 Arba7i 
 
 4 Patriotic Song — " Guard the Flag" . 
 r> Clarinet Solo — '* Caprice- Fantastic" . 
 
 MR. FELIX lARDELLA. 
 
 Mayeur 
 
 6 Fantasia— " Reminiscences of Scotland" .... Godfrey 
 
 Scots Wha Ilae, Auld Robin Gray, Bonnie Laddie, 
 
 The Campbells are Coniin\ The White Cockade, 
 
 John Anderson my Joe, Logie o' Buchau, 
 
 Green Grows the Rushes, 0, The Braes of Auchterarder, 
 
 Annie Laurie, Within a Mile of Edinboro', Bonnet Blue, 
 
 The Blue Bells of Scotland, TuUochgorum, Auld Lang Syne, 
 
 Trombone Solo — "Image of the Rose" 
 
 MR. henry stone. 
 
 Heichardt 
 
 S Fantasia on American Melodies 
 
 Petrola 
 
 9 Symphonic Poem — "A Dream in Helvetia" 
 
 Sellenik-Gottschalk 
 
 SvKOPsrs — First Period: Swiss scene; dance, church bells, 
 and prayer. A poet overlooks the scene, and regrets the 
 days that are past; the sound of pastoral instrnments 
 and the evening church bella invite the pious to prayer. 
 
 Second Period: The dream and apparition ; the whole 
 of nature is at a standstill ; the lullaby of his tender age 
 sounds to the memory of the poet, and a genius appears 
 predicting glory for the future. 
 
 Third Period: A dream of triumph. Castles Espague. 
 The dying poet. 
 
 10 Grand March- 
 
 ' Hamlet" 
 
 HassUr 
 
 6S 
 
PRELIMIXARY 
 
 CELEBRATION 
 
At a stated meeting of the Commandery of the State of Penn- 
 sylvania, held May 1, 1889, the Recorder called attention to the 
 forthcoming anniversary of the foundation of the Order and sub- 
 mitted the following resolution : — 
 
 Resolved, That the Commander be authorized to appoint a commit- 
 tee of forty-one Companions to make the necessary arrangements for 
 the celebration of the founding of the Order in the city of Philadelphia. 
 
 Resolved, That the Commandery appropriates toward the expenses 
 of the committee one thousand dollars from the general fund of the 
 Commandery. 
 
 The resolutions were unanimously adopted. 
 
 At the stated meeting of the Commandery, October 16, 1889, 
 the Recorder reported the preliminary work and the action of 
 the Commandery-in-Chief as follows : — 
 
 Journal of the Commandery-in-Chief, Fifth Annual Meeting, 
 Philadelphia, October 16, 1889. 
 
 The Recorder-in-Chief called the attention of the Commandery-in- 
 Chief to the twenty-fifth anniversary of the founding of tlie Order. 
 April 15, 1890, and the arrangements being made under tlie auspices 
 of the Commander)' of Pennsylvania for its proper observance in the 
 city of its origin. 
 
 Companion William O. Gould, California, moved that there be issued 
 from the Headquarters of the Order an ofhcial circular announcing the 
 programme of the anniversary. 
 
 The motion was unanimously adopted. 
 
 Companion George W. Chandler, Michigan, moved that there be 
 held in the city of Philadelphia, April 15, 1890, a special meeting of 
 the Commandery-in-Chief in honor of the occasion. 
 
 The motion was unanimously adopted. 
 
 Companion William O. Gould, California, moved the preparation and 
 promulgation to the Order of a resolution from the Commandery-in- 
 Chief expressive of approval of the celebration, and that the subject 
 be referred to a committee of three Companions for report. 
 
 The motion was unanimously adopted. 
 
Commaiider-in-Cliief Hayes appointed as the committee Companions 
 William 0. Gould, California ; J. Marshall Brown, Maine ; and Wil- 
 liam H. Lambert, Pennsylvania. 
 
 Comjjanion William O. Gould, California, chairman of the commit- 
 tee, to whom was referred the resolution expressive of the approval of 
 the celebration April 15, 1890, submitted the following; — 
 
 Resolved, That the Commandery-in-Chief, having learned with great 
 pleasure that the Comniandery of the State of Pennsylvania contemplates 
 celebrating the twenty-fifth anniversary of its organization and the founda- 
 tion of the Order, has called a special meeting of the Coramandery-in-Chief 
 in Philadelphia, April 15, 1890, and urges upon the several Commanderies 
 their hearty co-operation so far as may be consistent with the arrangements 
 already made, so that the celebration may embrace — as it is understood to 
 be the wish of the Commandery of the State of Pennsylvania — every Com- 
 panion of the Order. 
 
 Wm. 0. GODLD, 
 
 John Makshall Brown, 
 Wm. H. Lambert, 
 
 Committee. 
 
 Companion W. H. Fitch, Colorado, moved the adoption of the reso- 
 lution. 
 
 The resolution was unanimously adopted 
 
 ♦ « * * » 
 
Commander Gregg, on November 11, 1889, issued the follow- 
 
 MiLiTAKY Order of the Lotal Legion of tue United States. 
 Headquarters Commandert of the State of Penxsixvaxia. 
 
 Circular No. 19. ) 
 Series of 1889. > Philadelphia, November 11, 1889. 
 
 Whole No. 186. ) 
 
 I. The Companions named constitute the General Committee ot 
 Arrangements authorized by the unanimous resohition of the Com- 
 mandery May 1, 1889, tor the twenty-fifth celebration of the Order, 
 in the city of Philadelphia, April 15, 1890 : — 
 
 Reception.— Galusha Pennypacker, H. M. Hoyt, Lewis Merrill, W. S. W. 
 
 Ruschenberger, E. N. Benson, George Meade, William Brooke-Rawle, 
 
 J. P. S. Gobin, James W. Latta, Robert Neilson, Robert B. Beath, 
 
 W. C. Cook. 
 Tkansportatiox.— John P. Green, John Cassels, J. R. AV'ood, C. S. Sims. 
 Decorations. — Edward E. Potter, John J. Read, Richard S. CoUum, 
 
 W. Wallace Goodwin, Lewis R. Hamersly. 
 Entertainment. — Frank D. Howell, Persifor Frazer, Richard H. Morris. 
 Hotel Arraxoements. — Henry C. Potter, Sylvester Bonnaflon, Jr., John 
 
 O. Foering, George H. North, H. W. Littlefleld. 
 Programme and Ceremoxies. — John P. Nicholson, R. Dale Benson, 
 
 William H. Lambert, H. Earnest Goodman. 
 Invitations.— J. William Hofmann, Charles M. Betts, Fred. Schober. 
 Finance. — R. E. Patterson, E. A. Hancock, Samuel Goodman, Charles C. 
 
 Knight, S. E. Meigs. 
 
 II. The committee will meet at the United Service Club, 1433 
 Chestnut Street, Blonday, November 18, at 8 P. M., for organization. 
 
 By command of 
 
 Brevet Major-General D. McM. Gregg, U. S. V., 
 
 Commander. 
 
 John P. Nicholson, 
 Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel, U. S. V., 
 Mecorder. 
 
Commander-in-Chief Hayes issued the following: — 
 Military Order of the Lotal Legion op tue United States. 
 
 CoMMANDERT-IN-CniEF. 
 
 Circular No. 1. ^ 
 Series of 1890. > Philadelphia, February 10, 1890. 
 
 Whole No. 52. ) 
 
 I. In honor of the twenty-lilth anniversary of the Order, and in 
 
 accordance with the unanimous resolution of the Commandery-in- 
 
 Chief, a special meeting will be held on Tuesday, April 15, 1890, at 
 
 10.30 A. M., in the Hall of the Historical Society of Pennsylvania, 
 
 Thirteenth and Locust streets, Philadelphia. 
 
 * * ^ up * 
 
 By command of 
 
 Brevet Major-General Rutherford B. Hayi-.s, U. S. V., 
 
 Commander-in-Chief. 
 
 John P. Nicholson, 
 
 Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel, U. S. V., 
 
 liecurder-in- Chief, 
 
 Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States. 
 
 COMMANDERY-IN-CniEF. 
 
 Circular No. 3. ) 
 Series of 1890. } Philadelphia, April 1, 1S90. 
 
 Whole No. .54. ) 
 
 I. At tlie Ueremonies incident to the Celebration, April 15-16, 
 
 1890, the Insignia shall be worn as prescribed in Art. xxii, Sec. 1, 
 
 Constitution 1889. 
 
 By command of 
 
 Brevet Major-General Ruthekfokd B. Hayks, U. S. V., 
 
 Commander-in- C/iief. 
 
 John P. Nicholson, 
 
 Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel, U. S. V., 
 Hecordcr-in- Chief. 
 
Extracts from Journal of meetings of General Committee. 
 ***** 
 
 The General Committee met lor organization under Circular No. 19, 
 November 18, 1889, at which meeting Major 11. Dale Benson was 
 elected Chairman, Lieutenant-Colonel John P. Nicholson, Secretary, 
 and Colonel Samuel Goodman, Treasurer. 
 
 The details of the progiamme were discussed, and a Committee on 
 the Press created from the General Committee, consisting of Lieu- 
 tenant H. W. Littlefield, Lieutenant L. K. Hamersly, and Lieutenant- 
 Colonel J. W. Latta. 
 
 ***** 
 
 At the meeting held January 22, 1890, it was resolved to hold a 
 reception at the Academy of the Fine Arts on the evening of April 
 16, 1890, as a part of the ceremonies, and Acting Ensign P. Frazer 
 was authorized to make the contracts. 
 
 ***** 
 
 At the meeting, February 3, the Committees upon Reception, Lewis 
 Merrill, Chairman, and Entertainment, F. D. Howell, Chairman, were 
 authorized to add to their numbers by appointing any Companions of 
 
 the Commandery who would assist them in their duties. 
 ***** 
 At the meeting, February 24, the details of the reception at the 
 Academy of the Fine Arts were placed in charge of Lieutenant-Colonel 
 S. Bonnaffon, Jr. 
 
 ***** 
 At the meeting, March 10, the hospitality of the Union League, 
 the Art Club, the Manufacturers' Club, and the United Service Club 
 were tendered to the Committee for the use of the Companions during 
 the ceremonies. 
 
 ***** 
 General Chas. Devens announced as the Orator for the ceremonies 
 at the Academy of Music April 1 5. 
 
 ***** 
 At the meeting, March 24, Captain John P. Green, Chairman of 
 Transportation, announced that Companion J. R. ^^'ood had made the 
 final transportation arrangements at a one fare rate. 
 
 Companion E. N. Benson, on behalf of the Union League, tendered 
 an escort and serenade to the visiting Companions and the Comman- 
 dery, which was accepted with thanks. 
 
 ***** 
 At the meeting, March 31, Lieutenant Joseph E. Goodman was 
 elected Treasurer pro tern, during the absence of the Treasurer. 
 ***** 
 At the meeting, April 11, the final details of the receptions were 
 arranged, and the serenade of the Union League. 
 
Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States, 
 Headquarters Commandery of the State of Pennsylvania. 
 
 COMMITTEE ON CELEBRATION OF THE 25TH ANNIVERSARY. 
 
 Philadelphia, April 8, 189U. 
 
 I. The ticket-agents on the trunk line territory have received in- 
 structions to issue the one fare tickets to Companions upon showing the 
 Rosette of the Order. 
 
 Members of tlieir family are entitled to tickets at same rate. 
 
 II. The Union League House will be open for the Companions from 
 Monday evening, April 14, to Thursday evening, April 16. 
 
 The Marine Band will be present from 1 to 3 P.M., Tuesday and 
 Wednesday. 
 
 HI. The Art Club, Broad Street, will be open to Companions and 
 ladies upon presentation of visiting-card at the entrance. 
 
 IV. The United Service Club, 1433 Chestnut Street, will be open to 
 the Companions during their sojourn in the city. 
 
 V. The Manufacturers' Club, 1409 Walnut Street, will be open for 
 the reception of the Companions from Tuesday A.M. to Thursday. 
 
 VI. The courtesy of the Masonic Temple has been extended, and 
 the rooms will be open from 10 A.M. to 2 P.M. during the week. 
 
 For the General Committee, 
 
 John P. Nicholson, 
 
 Secretary. 
 
Programme of the celebration of the Twenty-Fifth Anniver- 
 sary of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion. 
 
 Monday, AriuL 14, 1890. 
 3 P. M. onwai-d. Companions and Commanderies from abroad will 
 arrive at Broad Street P. R. R. and Chestnut Street B. & 
 O. R. R. Stations. 
 
 Tuesday, Apkil 15. 
 10.30 A. M. Meeting of Commander3-in- Chief at Historical Society, 
 
 Thirteenth and Locust. 
 11 A. M. to 3 P. M. Luncheon. Union League. 
 
 I to 3 P. M. Concert, United States Marine Band. Union League. 
 
 7 P. M. Ceremonies at Academy of Music. 
 
 10 P. M. Union League in a body will escort Loyal Legion from 
 
 Academy of Music to Union Lciigue House, and tender a 
 serenade. 
 
 Wednesday, April 16. 
 
 II A.M. to 12 M. Reception of the Lo^al Legion by the Mayor of 
 
 the city of Philadelphia. 
 Companions assemble at Union League at 10.45, and proceed in a 
 body to Mayor's Room in City Hall. 
 
 11 A. M. to 3 P. M. Luncheon. Union League. 
 
 1 to 3 P. M. Concert, United States Marine Band. Union League. 
 
 2 to 3 P. M. Reception of Loyal Legion by the Hon. James A. 
 
 Beaver, Governor of Pennsylvania. Union League. 
 
 8 to 11 P. M. Reception of the visitors by the Pennsylvania Com- 
 
 mandery at the Academy of the Fine Arts. 
 
 The Union League, Broad and Sansom Streets. 
 
 The Manufacturers' Club, Walnut west of Broad Street. 
 
 The Art Club, Broad below Walnut Street. 
 
 The United Service Club, 1433 Chestnut Street. 
 
 George G. Meade Post, No. 1, G. A. R., 1109 Chestnut Street. 
 
 Masonic Temple, Broad and Filbert Streets. 
 
 United States Mint, 9 A. M. to 3 P. M., Chestnut near Broad Street. 
 
 Open to Companions of the Loyal Legion, wearing the Insignia or 
 Rosette of the Order, during their stay in Philadelphia. 
 
RESOLUTIONS 
 
 UNANIMOUSLY ADOPTED AT 
 
 A STATED MEETING OF THE COMMANDERY OF THE STATE 
 OF PENNSYLVANIA, MAY 7, 1890. 
 
Military Ordek of the Loyal Legion op the United States. 
 
 The Commandery of the State of Pennsylvania doth resolve : — 
 
 That the gi-ateful thanks of the Commandery, speaking not only for 
 itself but for the Order at large, are due and they are hereby tendered 
 to the Manufacturers' Club of Philadelphia for the courtesy shown by 
 it to the Companions of the Order recently assembled in this city from 
 all parts of the country, thereby contributing largely to the success of 
 the celebration of the twenty -fifth anniversary of the foundation of the 
 Order on April 15, 1865, and to the reputation of Philadelphia for 
 unstinted hospitality. 
 
 Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the LTnited States. 
 
 The Commandery of the State of Pennsylvania doth resolve : — 
 
 That the grateful thanks of the Commandery, speaking not only for 
 itself but for the Order at large, are due and they are hereby tendered 
 to the Art Club of Philadelphia for the courtesy shown by it to the 
 Companions of the Order recently assembled in this city from all parts 
 of the country, thereby contributing largely to the success of the cele- 
 bration of the twenty-fifth anniversary of the foundation of the Order 
 on April 15, 1865, and to the reputation of Philadelphia for unstinted 
 hospitality. 
 
 Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States. 
 
 The Commandery of the State of Pennsylvania, desiring to 
 express its appreciation of the hospitality shown by the Union 
 League of Philadelphia to the Companions of the Order assembled 
 from all parts of the country upon the occasion of the celebration 
 of the twenty-fifth anniversary of the foundation of the Order on 
 April 15, 1865, doth resolve: — 
 
 That as the Union League of Philadelphia, ever consistent in the 
 line of patriotic endeavor, gave its encouragement and active assistance 
 during the War of the Rebellion to those who came forward in defence 
 
of the government ; as it aiiled so materially in carrying that conflict 
 to a successful conclusion, whereb}' liberty was assured throughout the 
 land, union restored among all the States, and happiness and pros- 
 perity extended to the utmost limits of our country to a degree unpar- 
 alleled in history ; so its recent aid and encouragement have gone far 
 toward making the celebration of the Order a magnificent success, 
 showing that the services of its Companions during the war have not 
 been forgotten, and that the spirit which brought about the organiza- 
 tion of the Union League of Philadelphia is still a living force. And 
 it doth further resolve, that the grateful thanks of this Commandery, 
 speaking not only for itself but for the Order at large, are due and 
 they are hereby tendered to the Union League of Philadelphia for its 
 courtesy during the late celebration, which aided to perpetuate and aug- 
 ment the sentiment that the City of Brotherly Love is the home of 
 American hospitality. 
 
 72 
 
RESOLUTIONS 
 
 ADOPTED BY THE 
 
 COMMANDERIES 
 
MiLiTART Order op the Loyal Legion of the United States. 
 Headquarters Commandert of the State op Michigan. 
 
 Detroit, Michigan, May 1, 1890. 
 
 Whereas, The CommandLTy of the State of Pennsylvania took the 
 initiative and assumed the responsibility of organizing at Philadelphia 
 the recent celebration of the twenty-fifth anniversary of the founding 
 of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion ; and 
 
 Whereas, The conspicuous success of the celebration and the thor- 
 ough satisfaction therewith on the part of the visiting Conimanderies 
 are worthy of the fullest recognition ; therefore, 
 
 Resulced, That the congratulations of this Commandery are hereby 
 tendered to the Pennsylvania Commandery for the notable skill, fore- 
 thought, and energy displayed in conducting the celebration, which 
 was in the highest degree creditable to all concerned ; and further, 
 
 Resolved, That the earnest thanks of this Commandery are due to 
 our brethren of Pennsylvania for the thoroughness of preparation, the 
 unbounded hospitality, and the unremitting attention to every detail of 
 welcome and entertainment which marked the occasion and made it 
 one of unfailing interest and enjoyment. 
 
 Official. Geo. W. Chandler, 
 
 Recorder. 
 
 Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States. 
 
 Headquarters Commandery of the State of Wisconsin, 
 
 Armory Building. 
 
 Milwaukee, 1S90. 
 
 At a stated meeting of the Commandery of the State of Wisconsin, 
 Military Order of the Loyal Legion, held at Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 
 May 7, 1890: 
 
 Resolved, That the thanks and appreciation of this Commandery are 
 most earnestly extended to the Commandery of the State of Pennsyl- 
 vania for organizing and so completely carrying out the celebration of 
 the twenty-fifth anniversary of the founding of the Order at Philadel- 
 phia, on the days of April 15 and IC, 1890, and further for their hos- 
 pitable and most generous entertainment extended to all Companions 
 of Wisconsin who were able to attend, in the feeling of that true cora- 
 
 76 
 
paiiionship which, springing from the spirit of the first Companions 
 organized together in the Commandery of Pennsylvania, has spread to 
 all Companions of the Order wherever found. 
 
 Resoloed, That the Commandery of Wisconsin, Military Order of 
 the Loyal Legion of the United States, through the Commandery of 
 the State of Pennsylvania, do make their hearty acknowledgments to 
 the Union League Club, to the United Service Club, to the other clubs 
 and societies, and to the generous, loyal, and true citizens of Pliiladel- 
 phia for their many acts of hospitality and for the universal welcome 
 which so greatly added to our enjoyment as Companions of the Loyal 
 Legion while in attendance on the celebration of the twenty-fifth anni- 
 versary of the Order, April 15 and 16, 1890. 
 
 C. D. Cleveland, 
 
 Commander. 
 
 A. Ross Houston, 
 
 Becorder. 
 
 MiLiTART Order or the Lotal Legion of the United States. 
 Commandery of the State of Massachusetts. 
 
 Boston, May 15, 1890. 
 
 Resolutions adopted at a meeting of the Commandery of the State 
 of Massachusetts, held May 7, 1890. 
 
 " The Commandery of the State of Massachusetts returns apprecia- 
 tive thanks to the Commandery of the State of Pennsylvania for all 
 the courtesies extended at the celebration of the Twenty-fifth Anniver- 
 sar}' of the founding of the Order. 
 
 "The thought of the celebration, so happily conceived and so earn- 
 estly executed, was another evidence of the devotion of Pennsylvania 
 to the Order. 
 
 "For all the proud memories so vividly revived, for all the high 
 resolves, the stimulated patriotism and increased loyalty, for all the 
 thoughtful attentions and the lavish hospitality which will ever make 
 the celebration a happy remembrance, this Commandery is profoundly 
 grateful." 
 
 Official. Arnold A. R.\nd, 
 
 Recorder. 
 
Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States. 
 commandert of the district of colombia. 
 
 Resolutions unanimously adopted at a stated meeting of the Com- 
 mandery May 7, 1 890. 
 
 Resolved, That the Commandery of the District of Columbia of the 
 Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States hereby ex- 
 presses its warmest thanks to the citizens of Philadelphia, to the Chief 
 Magistrate of that city, and to the Commandery of the State of Penn- 
 sylvania for the most cordial greeting extended to the Companions of 
 this Commandery upon the occasion of the celebration of the twenty- 
 fifth anniversary of the institution of the Order in said city in the month 
 of April last. 
 
 Resolved, That the thanks of this Commandery be, and they are 
 hereby, likewise expressed to the "Union League," the "Art," the 
 " Manufacturers'," and the " United Service" clubs of said city for the 
 generous hospitality and valued privileges extended to the Companions 
 of this Commandery upon said occasion, which hospitality and privi- 
 leges were as greatly enjoyed and appreciated as they were cheerfully 
 proffered. 
 
 Resolved, That the Recorder transmit a duly attested copy of the 
 foregoing resolutions to the Mayor of the city of Philadelphia, to the 
 Commandery of the State of Pennsylvania, and to each of the above- 
 named clubs. 
 
 Official. AVm. p. Hdxfokd, 
 
 Mecorder. 
 
 Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States. 
 Commandery of the State of Illinois. 
 
 Chicago, May 15, 1890. 
 
 Extract from the minutes : — 
 
 The Commandery of the State of Illinois desires to make known to 
 the Commandery of the State of Pennsylvania, the Union League, the 
 United Service Club, the Manufacturers' Club, and the Art Club of 
 the city of Philadelphia, and to all assisting citizens and organizations 
 
 L.ofG. 
 
 77 
 
its heartfelt thanks for the many hospitalities extended to its Com- 
 panions present at Philadelphia during the twenty-fifth anniversary of 
 the Order. 
 
 Upon that occasion of deep interest to the Order at large the visiting 
 Companions representing this Commandery enjoyed for several days 
 the honors and pleasures of receptions, public and private, in that 
 beautiful and distinctively American city — a city in which were laid 
 the broad and lasting foundations of the National Constitution— a place 
 of pilgrimage where its people yet guard with filial care the inspiring 
 memorials of historic patriotism. 
 
 It is directed that the Recorder make the usual and appropriate 
 transmittals of the evidence of the above minute. 
 
 OfScial. Chaules W. Davis, 
 
 Becorder. 
 
 Military Okder op the Loyal Legion of the United States. 
 Commandery of the State of Missouri. 
 
 St. Louis, May 7, 1S90. 
 
 The Commandery of the State of Missouri Military Order of the 
 Loyal Legion sends atlectioiiate greetings to the Commandery of the 
 State of Pennsylvania, and begs to express its grateful appreciation of 
 the courtesies extended to its members on the occasion of the recent 
 celebration of the twenty-fifth anniversary of the founding of the 
 Order ; also to congratulate the Pennsylvania Commandery upon the 
 success which distinguished this glorious reunion. 
 
 The great army is marching to its final camping-ground, but may 
 the history of its comradeship be to the future an inspiration, even as 
 its achievements are a glory to our beloved country. 
 
 Official. CnAKLES Christensen, 
 
 Commander, 
 
 W. R. Hodges, 
 
 Secorder. 
 
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