TJ 303 .N7 R6 Copy 1 ooooooooooo o oo oo o ooooooooooo 5YN0P5I5 OF FORMS FOR THE EXAMINATION AND LICENSING O F Stationary Engineers TOGETHER WITH FORMS AND INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE USE OF Inspectors and Engineers by the Inspectors and Engineers' Bureau, New York City. FRIGE, 25 GENTS, MAY 80 \Hi i PUBLISHED BY GEORGE I. "ROBERTS & BROS., (Incorporated,) 471 & 473 Fourth Avenue, New York. 1896. OOOOOOOOO O O <> NEW AND VALUABLE BOOKS OFFERED AS SPECIAL FREE * PREMIUMS P*- FOR SUBSCRIPTIONS TO J# Tlie Eng inee rs' List. « ■ - ■ With EVERY Subscription we send $1.00 worth of Books FREE!! Adams. Handbook for mechanical engineers. ... $2 50 Allsop. Electric Bells 1 25 " Telephones, their construction and fitting. 200 " Electric bell construction 1 25 Armstrong. Steam boilers 75 Bacon. Steam engine indicator 1 00 Baldwin. Steam heating 2 50 Barr. Steam Boilers 3 00 " Combustion 2 50 Barber. Engineers' sketch-book 3 00 Box. Mill-gearing, wheels, shafts 3 00 41 Practical treatise on heat 5 00 " Practical hydraulics 2 00 Colyer. Modern steam engines and boilers 5 00 " Management of steam boilers & engines. 80 •' Pumps and pumping machinery 500 " Water supply, and sanitary appliances. . 1 50 Cooper. Use of belting 3 50 Cromwell. Belts and pulleys 1 50 Desmond. Electricity for engineers 2 50 Edwards. Engineers' guide 2 50 " Catechism manne engine ....200 " American marine engineer 250 *• American locomotive engines 2 00 " American engineer 2 50 " Nine hundred examination questions.. 1 50 Forney. Catechism, locomotive 3 50 Grimshaw, hints to power users 1 00 *• Practical Catechism 1 25 •* Engine runners catechism 2 00 *• Locomotive catechism 200 Haswell. Engineers' pocketbook 4 00 Hawkins. Engineers' calculations 2 50 jpt" Boiler room instructions 250 Hemenway. Indicator practice 2 00 Hcathorn. Corliss engine 1 00 H ill. Locomotive examination questions $ 50 Hood. Steam and hot water heating 500 Houston. 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Heat 3 5* Fuel 1 50 Wilson. Steam boilers 3 50 Wood. Compound locomotives 3 00 Wormell. Electricity in service of man 6 »o The above books embrace all branches of Engineering. Any of them will be sent by mail, free of postage, to any address, on receipt of price, or as free premiums for subscribers to the Engineers' List. Engineers, Associations, and Clubs, have here the most liberal offer ever made and can obtain any or all of these most valuable books, for their libraries free by sending in their subscriptions. Remittances should be made by Bank Drafts, P.O. Orders, Postal or Express Notes, or by Registered Letters. Money when otherwise sent will be at the risk of the sender. Give your full address in ever y letter . A ddress all communications, THE ENGINEERS' LIST, 471 and 473 Fourth Ave:, N. Y. City. \ SYNOP SIS qf FORMS FOR THE EXAMINATION AND LICENSING — OF — Stationary Engineers TOGETHER WITH FORMS AND INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE USE OF Inspectors and Engineers by the Inspectors and Engineers' Bureau, New York City. v FRIGE, 25 GENTS. & PUBLISH E! I > I1Y % I GEORGE I. ROBERTS & BROS., (Incorporated,) ^ Ali & 473 Fourth Avenue, New York. 1896. •v O i*] flu COPYRIGHTED, 1896, BY GEO. I. ROBERTS & BROS. (Incorporated.) NEW YORK. r\ r\ SYNOPSIS OF FORMS OF THE EXAMINATION AND LICENSING OF Stationary Enginrrrs. Chapter 643 of the Laws of 1886, which amended a law originally passed in 1862, provides for the licensing of persons to take charge of and operate steam boilers and engines within the city of New York, and it is a misde- meanor for any person to operate a steam plant in the city without first pro- curing a certificate therefor. For the information of engineers, owners, steam users, and those who desire to follow the vocation of engineer, a general outline of the regulations adopted, and which are now in existence, in the Steam Boiler Inspection and Engineer's Bureau of the City of New York, is briefly given below : APPLICATIONS. To properly make application for an examination, a letter must first be procured from the owner, agent or lessee of a steam plant requesting the department to examine the applicant as to his competency and qualifications to operate the particular plant owned or used by the writer, the applicant is required to make an inspection, such as the condition and circumstances will admit of the boilers, pumps and engines, or whatever the plant may consist of, so as to be enabled, upon examination, to give as full a description of the plant as possible — as a complete description of the boilers, &c, is before the examiners during the examination, taken from the records of the department, as reported by the boiler inspectors at the last inspection made by them, and the applicant is expected to give a fairly good explanation of the plant he is being examined for. The license, when granted, gives a description of the plant, its location, the limit of the steam pressure allowed by law, the name of the owner, or of the building in which it is situated, and it is delivered to the person it is issued to at the place where he is at work. After presenting his letter, and the papers are prepared for his examination, the applicant is required to state his previous experience as a fireman, water tender, oiler, or engineer, and present such 6 Certificates of previous examinations, if he has any, or recommendations from engineers or others, with or for whom he has been employed — a record of which is made and entered upon the books of the department for future reference. He is then questioned as to his practical experience and the knowledge of the plant upon which he is to be employed. This line of ex- amination runs on the style, size and description of the boilers. How con- structed, the number of tubes, the thickness of the material of the shell, heads, tubes, &c, &c, why the tubes, being of thinner material than the head, shell, &c, are able to withstand the same pressure as the latter, why the heads are made heavier than the shell, &c, &s., and other questions that would lead the applicant to show his knowledge of the construction of a boiler. What valves, fixtures and fittings are upon the boiler and their use, the valve fittings, &c 7 upon the steam and feed lines, what they are therefor, and their use. The examination then continues to the care of the boiler, what is necessary to be done to keep the boiler in a clean and proper condi- tion, when it is proper to feed, and when it is improper to let water into the boiler, what is necessary to do in the event of the safety-valve not working with high pressure of steam in the boiler and the water lost to sight. They are also questioned upon steam pressure and the steam gauge, how steam is measured, and such other matters as a good fireman should know who is about to assume the responsibility of taking charge of and operate a steam boiler. He is also questioned as to the construction and operation of steam pumps, injectors and other apparatus used for feeding boilers. A person passing a satisfactory examination upon the foregoing lines will be granted a license of the third class. The certificates of the second grade necessarily embrace all the fore- going information, and in addition thereto the construction and operation of engines, pumps, &c, the setting of valves, lining up the engine, and the abil- ity to make such necessary repairs as would not necessitate his employer to send for the machinist for every small defect which might occur, and which could and should be remedied by the engineer. In the issuance of first grade licenses the department feel that they aTe giving a certification to the owner or steam user, that the man they are about to employ is in every and all respects an engineer, capable of doing all rea- sonable repairs to his steam plant, to make such changes and alterations as would tend to perfection and economy, and give satisfactory evidence as to ability, character, habits and general efficiency. The department is exceed- ingly particular to investigate and examine into the proficiency, in all re- spects, of those seeking the higher grade licenses. Licenses are revoked upon proof of incompetency, inebriety, negligence or for the commission of crime. The following notice is being served upon engineers. This circular speaks for itself, and as the Departments of Public Works, Health and Po- lice are giving it attention, it would seem advisable that remedial action should be given it by those who are likely to be the sufferers by its viola- tion : DEPARTMENT OF POLICE. New York, January '27th, 1896. The attention of all persons holding licenses from this Department to operate steam boilers, or other plants using steam in buildings, in the City of New York, is called to the following ordinance relating to the discharge of steam and hot water into sewers, and they are hereby notified that any willful violation of said ordinance, or neglect to comply with its provisions will, upon proof .of same, be considered sufficient cause for revoking their licenses. Signed, Washington Mullin, Sergeant in Command, Steam Boiler Inspection and Engineers Bureau, Sanitary Company. Chapter VI., Article 9, Section 174,Eevised Ordinances of 1880. As Amended February 27, 1891. Resolved. Thai Section 174, Article 9, Chapter 6, of the Revised Ordinances of 1880, be and the same is hereby amended so as to read as follows : Section 174. No connection with or opening into any sewer or drain shall be used for the conveyance or discharge into said sewer or drain of steam or hot water above 100 degrees F., from any steam boiler or engine, or from any manufactory or building in which steam is either used or generated, or to discharge or permit to escape into any sewer or drain, or into any public street steam from any stop-cock, valve or other opening in any steam pipe or main, under the penalty of fifty dollars for each and every day during any part of which such connection or opening may have been used for that purpose ; and the Commissioner of Public Works is hereby authorized and directed upon the expiration of five days after notice to discontinue the discharge of steam or hot water from any connection, to cancel the permit and to close up and remove the same, if such dis- charge of steam or hot water from such connection shall not have been discontinued. This pen- alty shall be imposed upon and recovered from the owner and occupants severally and respectively, of such manufactory or building, or from any corporation having mains for the conveyance of steam or hot water on the streets, avenues or public places. Adopted by the Board of Aldermen, February 24, 1S91, a majority of all the members elected voting in favor thereof. Approwd by the Mayor, February 27 , 1891. (Signed), F. S. TWOMEY. Clerk of the Common Council. 8 FORMS AND INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE USE OF INSPECTORS AND ENGINEERS, BY THE INSPECTORS AND ENGINEERS' BUREAU, NEW YORK CITY- Owing to the great increase in working pressure required upon steam boilers within the last few years, they are being operated to the maximum safe working pressure, and frequent requests are made to increase the limit upon old boilers. In many instances where new boilers are first tested there is a stipulation in the builders' contract for a certain working pressure which is not always safe to allow ; an erroneous idea prevails with many boiler makers that they can demand a desired pressure, if the boiler is tight and shows no bulges or other distress under a hydrostatic test of one and a half times the pressure guaranteed in the contract ; this admittedly should be allowed if upon a proper computation, a safe factor is shown. Experienced engineers of all nations agree that the factor of safety should never be less than four, and where such a low factor is allowed the boiler is constructed under the immediate supervision of a government boiler sur- veyor who tests the plates before they are made up to find the tensile strength, ductility, and ultimate elongation. At the present time a large percentage of the new boilers being erected are built outside the city. To determine the safe working pressure of boilers, where the inspector has no data to make a calculation, requires practical experience and skill. There are at the present time a large number of boilers carrying from 150 to 200 lbs. of steam in this city, and one boiler is allowed to carry the enormous pressure of 375 lbs. per square inch. While the safe working pressure of boilers may be determined the greatest difficulty is with valves and fittings used in connecting the boilers. Manu- facturers of valves and fittings have not kept pace with the boiler makers by using better and heavier material for this increase of pressure, and with few exceptions valves and fittings are no heavier than they were 20 years ago, when 80 lbs. was considered a high pressure. Cast iron (body)-valves and fittings of large diameter for carrying high pressure, are dangerous unless constructed of heavy castings and of good material. Great care should be taken to avoid rigid connections and due allowance should be made for expansion, with drips or bleeders of ample size, to carry off the water of con- densation. It is a matter to be commented upon that with over 8000 boilers being operated in the city, not a boiler explosion has occurred in nearly two years, while in the last three months of 1895 there have been a series of accidents from fittings bursting. This practically demonstrates the facts here referred to, and until legal provisions are made to govern the kind of metal to be used, the thickness and quality should be proportioned to the diameter and the pressure carried. If an owner requests that his boiler be tested to carry 200 lbs., and it is found that it, with the valves, fittings and all immediate connections has a factor of safety of 5 it should be allowed; as the department has no legal supervision over steam fittings outside the main stop valve close to the boiler, excepting where there is a 9 straight long run of pipe, then the inspector should see that there is room left for expansion at the extreme end to prevent any reactionary strain on flange where the pipe is connected to the boiler. On a long run of pipe there should be an expansion joint, or spring piece near the middle to prevent too great a strain on branch connections, but where inferior metals are found in valves and fittings, or not heavy enough in proportion to their diameter in the connections of a boiler and has not an equal factor of safety as the boiler referred to, the inspector will refuse to allow 200 lbs., although the boiler proper is safe to carry it and he should be governed in determining the pres- sure by the inferior connections. A greater effort must be made, if possible, to prevent the bursting of valves and fittings, and the consequent loss of life and damage to property, and if the following rules and directions are not covered by the letter of the Law, the spirit of the Law will sustain his efforts to make a proper inspection when the object is for the better pro- tection of life and property RULES TO DETERMINE THE SAFE WORKING PRESSURE. — EXAMPLE. To find the safe working pressure of a horizontal cylindrical multitubular boiler, 18 ft. long, 6 ft. dia. steel shell, 7-16 in. longitudinal seams double riveted, transverse seams single riveted, round brace rods, 1 , 1-8 in. dia. 7 in. x 7 in. apart running from head to shell, 116 tubes 3 in. dia. LONGITUDINAL RUPTURE. Tensile Peecentage Decimal Equivalent Strength. fob Double Riveting. of 7-16 Both Sides. 60,000 X - 70 X ( .4375 X 2 )=102 W. P. 72 o DlAMETEB OF BoiLEB. FACTOB OF SAFETY. OPERATION. 60,000 .70 42000,00 .4375 210000 294000 126000 168000 18375,0000 2 72) 36750 I' 360 | 510 Bursting Pressure. 75 „n 5) 510 Bursting Pressure. 30 102 Safe Working Pressure. TRANSVERSE RUPTURE. Area of Boiler, 72 in. Dia. ' 4071.51 Less area 116 Tubes 3 in. Dia. 819.95 3251.56 10 Circumference of shell, 226.19 (Decimals of little value not carried.) Thickness of steel shell 7-16 or 0.4375. Tensile resistance of steel shell per sq. inch, 60000 lbs. Circumference of shell multiplied by thickness 226 x .4375=98.87, this result multiplied by tensile strength of steel 98.87 x 60000 sq. in. = 5932200 lbs., this result divided by area of boiler . 5932200 -.1825 \ J 3252 — As the riveted single joint reduces the strength of solid plate 44 per cent. we deduct that percentage 100 less 44=56 per cent. 1825 X 56=1022, which result divided by the desired pressure to be carried 102 lbs. l Q B = 10, a factor of safety of ten. These calculations give a factor of safety of 5 for longitudinal rupture and a factor of 10 for transverse rupture, this demonstrates the reason why the longitudinal seams are double riveted where high pressure is desired with boilers of large diameter. Brace Rods 1 1-8 in. dia. from head to shell area decimal equivalent .994 (1 inch nearly,) tensile strength of rods, 50000 lbs. per sq. inch of section strain at point of rapture .994 X 50000=50000. Maximum area supported by one brace rod, 7 in. x 7 in. 49 sq. equivalent pressure per sq. inch to produce resulting strain ^2=1020 divided by desired pressure 102=10 a factor of safety of ten. A high factor of safety is required for the braces, on account of the con- stant diminution of their cross sectional area, in this calculation we have assumed the diagonal brace to be equal in strength to a longitudinal brace which is near enough unless where great accuracy is required. The following calculation is made to show the fallacy of the idea that a boiler that will stand a hydrostatic test of 150 lbs. would be safe to carry a working pressure of 100 lbs. We will assume that a boiler is built the same size excepting that the steel shell is only 1-8 in. instead of 7-16 in. and the longitudinal seam triple riveted, giving a percentage of 75 of the solid plate. 60000 X 75 X f 125 X 2)= 155 lt)S burstin g pressure. ~72~ * ^' ' ~~ 5 = 31 S. W. P. This imaginary boiler would stand a pressure of 150 lbs. without rupt- ure but would not have a safe working pressure for more than 31 lbs. with a factor of 5. This is not meant to instruct practical engineers, boiler makers, or inspectors, but to refute the vague assertions of those who are not versed on the subject. A steam boiler requires a high factor of safety on account of its rapid deterioration being subjected to two of the most destructive elements, fire and water ; the former causing crystallization, the latter internal corrosion and pitting, also sudden changes of temperature with the consequent severe strains of expansion and contraction. Great care should be taken in determining the maximum pressure on new boilers, so that a proper record can be made for future references, and if the full pressure is not required, re-set the safety valve and report the pressure allowed, and at what pressure safety valve is re-set at future annual inspections if the owner requests the pressure to be reduced. Should the boiler be in good condition, (make a note) pressure reduced 11 not for cause, but if reduced on account of improper care, or age, state the reason for so doing. If a boiler is found dangerously defective its use must be discontinued and repairs made immediately and retested before using. If defects are trifling a reasonable time may be allowed to make repairs. BOILER CONNECTIONS. Water Glass and Water Column. — For bottom connection there should be at least a one-inch pipe, tapped near the bottom of front tube-head, and have a one-half-inch blow off, with a valve or cock under the column, and the steam pipe connecting the top of the column should be the same size as the lower pipe, and tapped into the upper part of the shell dome or drum as far away from the main steam-pipe connection as practical. No connec- tion should be taken from this pipe except to gauge or the damper regulator. Have bottom gauge-cock three inches above highest heating surface. Feed Pipe. — Should be 1^-inch pipe, with globe valve between the check-valve and the boiler ; the pipe between the valves and the boilers should be extra heavy, with malleable or brass fittings. Feed Pump and Injector. — Always have two boiler feeds — a steam pump and injector. If one fails the other can be used while repairs are being made ; if there is no feed water heater the injector should be used in preference to a pump. Cold water introduced into the bottom of a boiler is dangerous, as it causes contracting strains and frequently starts a leak in the seams. Look to the sources of water supply, especially where boil- ers are located above the second floor. Heating boilers fed direct from the street main with an automatic injector, or with the average Croton press- ure, take a safe margin below that pressure in determining the pressure to be allowed. Blow-off Cock and Pipe. : — When connected in the combustion chamber or back connection the pipe should be extra heavy, with malleable or brass ells ; the cock or valve should be conveniently located that the engineer may have easy access to it, that he might be induced to use it more fre- quently, which is very essential. Have the pipe covered with a metal sleeve or asbestos to prevent the pipe from burning, or put in a circulating pipe connecting it with a pipe from the upper part of the boiler to a tee between the blow-cock and the outer wall. This will eliminate the danger of the dead end between the blow-cock and boiler. Safety Valves. — Have the valves large enough to carry off all the steam the boiler will generate with all other valves closed. It should be connect- ed direct and as close to the boiler as possible, with no valves between them and the boiler, or if escape is piped to the roof or flue have it full size, and allow no stop or check valves on it. (This may appear ridiculous, but the fact is, inspectors have found many connected in this way \ If this pipe is placed vertically have a drip-pipe tapped in the bottom of the elbow close to the safety valve and carried over the side of the boiler wall to prevent an accu- mulation of water on the valve-disc, which would prevent it blowing off when the pressure had reached the limit allowed in proportion to the press- 12 ure clue to the height of the column of water in the pipe ; as a general rule this pipe is uncalled for. An open escape pipe is best, as the engineer can more conveniently observe the action of the valve. Two small safety valves are preferable to a large valve where more than a four-inch valve is required — one to be a pop, the other a ball and lever valve. How to Prepare a Boiler for Hydrostatic Test. — Have the boiler filled with water to the safety valve, and be prepared to adjust the valve. If it is a pop it is best to have a gag to prevent the valve from lifting, as screwing down the spring puts too great a tension on it ; if it is a ball and lever place an extra weight on the lever, have the temperature of the water not less than 100° Fahrenheit nor more than 150°. The reason for this maximum limit is to prevent scalding in case of rupture of boiler or con- nections. Have the fire drawn if the boiler is locomotive or upright tubu- lar, or any internal fire-box, and grate bars removed. Have the bottom of the boiler swept clean, bridge wall clear of ashes and cinders, back connec- tion clear of ashes. If there is no back connection door have an aperture cut in the wall, so that the back tube-head and blow-off pipe can be prop- erly inspected. All valves, joints, handholes, and manhole should be made tight ; turn on Croton pressure and inspect ; if you find leaks, have repairs made before inspectors arrive. If you have two or more boilers connected together, and you desire to test one boiler with steam on the other, you must have two calves on the pipe between the main and boiler, with a half- inch hole tapped between the two valves with a nipple and valve ; this drip to be left open while testing This will prevent damage by the water hammer. Drum and Dome Heads.-— When the heads are flat and of the same ma- terial and thickness as shell they are required to be braced the same as other flat surfaces. When convex they require no bracing if the cone is equal to one-half of the radius of the dome or drum. When the head is thicker than shell and the dia. small, the radius of the cone may be less in proportion to dia. and thickness, but where the dished head appears weak have braces put in. Cast-iron heads require particular attention, and where cracks are found allow no butt strap patches. Have a new head put in. In case of a hole in casting have it drilled, tapped, and plugged. Brace Bods. — For loose bracing, especially longitudinal braces where the^ tension of each brace is likely to be unequal, apply a straight edge before the pressure is put on, and again after the pressure is removed. If there is no bulge in the middle each brace is carrying its share of the load. If there is a swell in the centre make an internal examination, and find which brace or braces require to be adjusted until you find equal tension on each brace then retest. Bivets or Seams Leaking. — If seam is leaking have the edge of lap chipped until you find clean metal, then calk ; failing to make tight look for rivets that may have chilled when being driven. If you find this to be the case have new rivets put in ; if leak continues it would indicate crystal- lization from being overheated or in use a long time ; metal being too hard to calk have a hard patch put on ; should rivets leak under heads and calk- ing fails to make tight have new rivets driven. If rivet heads are worn small put in new ones, for if one rivet gives way the strain comes on the next, and they will give out in detail. Tubes Leaking at Tube Heads. — If the tubes are apparently thick enough have the tubes expanded, and failing to make tight have new tubes put in. Loose tubes are dangerous, for two reasons, the leak will cause external corrosion, and being loose, if not beaded, will fail to stay the heads. When tubes are badly pitted have new ones put in. Checks in the Edge of Lap. — Where small cracks are found at furnace door-frame in upright tubular or locomotive boilers from rivet to edge of lap, have new rivets driven ; countersink the rivet holes ; cover the cracks by spreading the heads over the cracks ; if very numerous have a hard patch put on, and if found at any other part of the boiler apply the same remedy. Blisters and Laminations. — If a thin blister have it chipped to its full extent with a beveled edge, and if more than one-third the thickness of plate have a hard patch put on; in this case bear in mind that the single riveted seam of a patch will be about equal to 56 per cent, of solid plate. Laminations are defects generally found in iron boilers, and as a rule are found by hammer test, for in a great many cases they are not percepti- ble on the surface of the plate. Make repairs in the same way as for a blister. Bags on Fire or Crown Sheets. — Find by hammer test or chipping if the plate is burnt or only heated ; if the latter and the bulge is not deep, it may be passed by directing the engineer in charge to keep the internal pocket clean. For the former have a hard patch put on ; if the burnt part is of large area the lower half of fire sheet should be put in new, and in a boiler of large diameter, carrying a heavy pressure, have longitudinal seams, double-riveted ; bags are generally found in steel boilers, and is caused by allowing scale to gather over the fire sheet. Steel boiler plate being more homogeneous than iron plate seldom have blister or lamination. Allow no soft patches below the water line ; it is poor practice on any part of the boiler except for temporary repairs. Cracks in Tube Heads. — Where a crack extends from tube to tube, and there is only one in the head, a butt-strap patch may be allowed if the boiler is not carrying a very heavy pressure, but where there are several cracks have a new head put in. Thin Plates in Water Legs. — If water legs or water bottoms show no leaks, but are apparently thin, hammer test, and if still in doubt drill a hole at the weakest part to find the thickness. If the metal is good and not too thin reduce the pressure and drive rivet in the hole made. When found too thin a hard patch or a new water leg is the remedy. Leaking Under Brick Work. — Have everything in sight above the brick u work made tight. Should you find water running on the sides of shell put on pressure again, and if leak still continues have the brick work removed. Try first around the dome flange, for this is where you will generally find the leak ; if calking fails to make tight have a hard patch put on. Take ad- vantage of having brick work removed, and examine carefully the plate under the leaky dome flange to see if it is worn thin from external corrosion, and if you find it thin hard patch the same. Steam Gauges. — If found heavy more than two pounds or light mora than five pounds, or otherwise defective, have it repaired and retested. If the official test-gauge is a number of feet below the boiler gauge, which it generally is, when testing make allowance for the difference in pressure due to the height of the column of water. Setting Safety Valve. — When extra weights or gags are removed try the safety valves with the test pump, and see that the valve blows off freely. Make a note of diameter of ball and its distance from end of the lever for future reference. Blowing off after Test. — When pressure on steam gauge goes down slowly this indicates a choked blow-off pipe ; start up the test-pump again. Should pressure rise on the steam gauge you can be sure it is choked from probably a dirty boiler ; have the blow-off pipe cleaned out or made new. Take out hand holes ; make an internal inspection ; if you find the boiler very dirty have it cleaned out, and make complaint against the engineer if he has been in charge over one month. Defective Brick Work. — When the supporting walls of the boiler are defective and the boiler is in danger of falling, order repairs or new walls without delay. Engineers. — When an engineer is found negligent or incompetent report him to this office. An engineer found intoxicated while at work is unfit to perform his duty with safety to himself and the public ; arrest him and also make complaint at this office. WF IBE HEUOOUMTEBS FOB Hotel, Mill, and By the use of the Utility Pump Govern* a ff «* economy is attained, as the water is returned to the bXrs I a high temperature, the return pipes are kept clear and a perfect circulation maintained. -WTB OABBT UST STOCK A* Cans, Bolts, Belting and Lacing, Be,t ^^^^^S ' and iron Polish, Cocks, Brass and Iron f^ ^^f £ umps , Pipe, and Malleable, Grease, Lubricators, Oil ana uu »-up , Wrought and Cast Pump ™ps, g^ Pip, Covering, Packing of all kinds "■^^^^ WmU. Steam Economy Ventilating Fan. IN FACT EVERYTHING TO MAKE UP A COMPLETE STOCK HOTEL, MILL AND ENGINEERS' SUPPLIES. GEORGE I. ROBERTS & BROS., (INCORPORATED.) 471 &c 4=73 FOTTBTH .AJVBDSranHl. to Sketch a S]