F552 .S77 =*-^: (bpyii^litN^ COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT. The Keeper of the Gate OR The Sleeping Giant of IvLike Superior ^ara ^taffuri 1903 Two Coplat R«e«)vfll SEP 14 1909 Copyfijht Entry CUASSG a, xxc No COPY B. ' Copyright, 1903 A)' g>ara S»laffor& (3nv QJ In n ila n ii s THIS I I I 1 L ].. l; o I I K IS AFFECTUlNATELY DEU RATED ® HE top of Thunder Cape, Lake Superior, when seen at a distance presents the outhne of an immense reclining" human hgure to which the Indians giv'e the name of Nanna-bijou, or the Sleeping Giant. l"he Slee])inji (liaiit rests in purple pall, With folded arms upon the dusky height. Around his feet the breakeis rise and fall, While o'er his breast the sea yulls wing their flight. The guslv night wind sighs with sobliing sound. Singing a requiem tu de])aiting day, Darkling are crisp in foam the waves around, The lights are twinkling in the distant bay. Amid the storm or sunshine calm he lies. While ebbs and flows the tide of human life, With face intent he looks upon the skies, While mankind frets and fumes in wearied strife. So rests the eye of faith uns\ver\ ingly. On Heaven above amid life's changing sea. I. Hkxdersun. FOREWORD TV ^ ANY years ago the Ojibwa}' Indians told of a double-headed key that lay in the nest of the Thunder Bird high up on Thunder Cape. Years later it has been explained by an Indian legend. As you go up the Sault St. Marie River there lies before you two of the largest canals in the world, one built by the Canadian government and the other by the American. Through these the big steamer enters Lake Superior, or as the Indians call it, " Big Sea Water." In the canal the water rises higher and higher until you are level with the water of the " Big Kitchigome." As she reaches the Golden Gateway the Sleeping Giant guards the gate. It is here the words of Hiawatha come to the mind of the traveler. ' Beautiful is the sun, O strangers, When you come so far to see us ! All our town in peace awaits you, All our doors stand open for you ; You shall enter all our wigwams. For the heart's right hand we give you.' Cbc Bleeping Giant g>irrping (Staitt or Cbe Double- F)eaded Key to Lahe Superior j,f ICakr *»u;irrior A S you enter Lake Superior the double-headed key is explained by the two great canals which launch the steamers into the Kitchigome as the Indians call it, meaning in English " Big Sea Water." After a night and a morning's journey you come to the entrance of the harbor of two of the most thriving towns in Canada, Port Arthur and Fort William. The Marquis of Lome called it years ago " The Silver Gateway of Ontario." Mount McKay looms up nineteen miles across the water like a monitor in the mouth of the harbor. Thunder Cape, or the Sleeping Giant, lies in the southwest, with the Pie and Welcomes opposite making the gateway to the Bay. It is here that the legend is told by Shinw-auk: In the seven- teenth century a band of Ojibways came up the chain of lakes from some distant place in the far east. According to tradition the Ojibways sep- arated into different bands while the main body remained near the Sault St. Marie, at Garden River. Shinwauk with his little band settled on Isle Royale, while others located along the north shore of Lake Superior. The word Ojibway is derived from the word " pucker," their moccasins were made with such a peculiar pucker in the heel. But there is another tale whispered low, that when the Ojibways went to battle they were never satis- fied until they baked their enemies into a nice brown pucker. One morning at early dawn Shin- wauk and his tribe on Isle Royale saw the Giant 9 iSbp Nanna-bijou co:iie in his snow-white boat made Ivrrprr ^^^^^^ ^^^ ^j.j^^ ^^ birds. At the bow of the boat sat HI Slir Cftufr tilt! Thunder Bird enveloped in a cloud, and the fiash of his eye was as hi;htning, and the echo of his voice made a roar as of thunder. As the boat hay on the surface of the water, the rays of the sun reflected tlie most beautiful colors, all rose and gold, around the head of the Giant, sending a light to the remotest village of the red man. The In- dians tell that the (iiant suddenly disappeared and that sickness and death came to every wigwam on the Island until one morning he appeared again bringing with him iiis grandmother, old Nikomos. ( )ld Nikomos busied herself painting the plumage of the birds afresh each spring and making the eyes of the aged Ojibways sun clear. The (xiant also brought four brothers with him. who took charge of the boat. Their names were Wabin ; Kabin ; Kabikomk. the North Wind ; and Shadwana. the South Wind. Mere at Isle Royale the (iiant guarded the bav and after putting the band under oath to keep the secret, he showed them an under- ground passageway that led from Silver Islet out on the highest cliff of Thunder Cape. The key of this door had two heads and lay in the nest of the Thunder Bird. At the mouth of an old mine on Isle Royale can be seen today a rock of ore. weigh- ing over a ton, which shows a process of mining the metal which is now a lost art. It is also said that .spades and sliovels of an enormous size ha\e been taken out of this mine that only a race of giants could have used. Mere the Indians made idols which they carried with them when making war upon neighboring tribes and showed such weakh g>lrr;ititri that the Sioux and Irocjuois became jealous. Shin- ^'''*" of wauk had a beautiful daughter who was named ^^ht g'uucrior Woo. Her godfather being Nisha-Nahma, King of the Fishes, gave her power at her birth over all living things under water. Woo was beloved by all the tribe and when she walked in the woods the l)irds would nestle in her hair and bosom. When the Indians wished the hsh to deposit their spawn up stream. Woo would wa\-e a branch of the red maple over the water, seriding the fish where she willed. Atatharho, a bad Sioux, had long watched the tribe and wanted to find out ^vhere Foi.t 111 the Ci.im they procured their wealth. Seeing the ()jibwa)s braves assemble at one place near the Cape, he concealed himself by crawling into a birch bark log and listened. Se\eral Indians came and seated thenrselves upon the log, making Atatharho's teeth chatter in his head with fear. Finally he reco\ered enough to hear each brave gi\e the sign word '■ Shuniah,"' meaning in Fnglish, siher. Then he heard the Giant say: '-If this secret is e\er given to a pale face it means death to all the tribe." Atatharho waited until the band had gone; then he Shr sped like an arrow out of a bow; got into his ^"^'" canoe and paddled towards the Sault St. Marie. of SllfOJatr He would tell his tribe, he thought, but at the entrance to Lake Superior he met two white hunt- ers. " Here," he thought, " is my revenge. 1 will tell the pale faces the sign word and the (iiant will think the Ojibways are false, and will be revenged upon them," and he hugged himself with delight. The two white hunters were pleased to find a real silver mountain and readily pushed their boat towards the Cape. Atatharho, after pointing the way to the Cape, paddled his canoe to the River Kaministica, thinking he could safely there watch the fury of the Thunder Bird. The white hunters were seen to push their boat upon the shore. Agates and precious stones ghttered in the sunlight. They climbed higher and higher until every vestige of their forms passed into gloom. The sun peeped over the Cape and hung one glow of rose and gold, white fleecy clouds mounted high in the heavens. The hunters took this as a good omen and laughed the Thunder Bird to scorn. Just then a shadow of the Cape loomed against the sky, suddenly it became dark as night, the water that had been so calm a moment before was now white as foam. The wind became a hurricane, then a cyclone, the ancient crags crashed down the heights as each breaking wave screamed in triumph and bounded back again. The trees became uprooted, and hurling into space, shot down the mountain side like spears. The waters circled and swirled like monsters against the rocks. Lightning glared and wild shrieks came from the gloom. How long the tempest lasted the Indians never knew. They S'lrppingi sav about the fourth day thev found themselves '^" upon their knees praying to the (ireat Manitou to jQai^p g-uprrtor save them. No camp hres could be seen, many lodges were empt\-, the Cape still roared by day and lightning glared by night, and the cliffs echoed back the roars of the thunder that shook the Island. On the fourth day they saw a small boat drifting in the weeds at the mouth of the River Kaministica. The ciiief sent two braves to bring it to Isle Royale. When they reached the place tliey found Atatharho, the Sioux, lying in the bottom of the boat. His hair was white as snow and all scathed with tire, the death shadows were upon his face, the sunlight shone in the dim eyes, his voice was weak. He had changed from youth to old age. In his delirium he raved: "The mountain is in Hames ; the rocks are shaken ; I have ruined the world." Then he lay dead on the banks of the Kaministica. The storm was over and the bay flushed with rose and white as the sun went down, all the air was filled with light, and as the Indians looked towards the Cape, a vast change had come, the upheaval had made the Cape into the shape of the " Sleeping (liant," lying with his face to the sky like a migiity hero on his tomb. They buried Atatharho on the banks of the Kaministica, where a lonely grave can be seen today. 1 )own at Sault St. Marie, where Woo stood waving the hsh up stream, had changed from quiet water into the well known Sault Rapids. Nanna-Bijou reclines upon his fleecy couch, and before a storm drift great shafts and ullip pinnacles of flame and black clouds with terrible ppprr j:^,,.y^ making it a sight never to be forgotten. The ebp Q*atp storms used to be more frequent, and now, when the children are playing in the streets of the two beautiful little towns which are built upon the shore, they will run in, frightened, for the thunder roars and the lightning answers back while the sun shines brightly in the heavens. The Indians say " Nanna-bijou is angry," but he lies with his face upturned to the west, wrapped in the most gorgeous colors the sun can produce. Cbundcr Cape 'Tis the voice of the (iianc who guards the Bay. Oh, white-winged ship, make no delay, For the war birds of heaven are loose " he cries, I know their breath in the burning skies, With folded arms so mighty and strong." The waves do his bidding a::d dash along, But hark, to the crashing long and loud. It is the chariot of God in the thundercloud. (6 taut of Siakp g»upfrixir Silver Islet lies in the gateway of tlie Bay." Silver lolct CILVER ISLET lies in tiie gateway of the Bay as you enter the harbor of Port Artluir and Fort William on the north shore of Lake Superior. (Outside of this beautiful Silver Lslet is a bar of land, and upon it was sunk the Silver Islet Mine, which is said to have an underground passageway to the Cape. The ( )jibways tell that the Giant came in the seventeenth century to guard the Silver Mountain as the secret had been given to a white man. Many were the storms that came to Lake Superior, thunder and lightning seemed to be e\er pouring forth, and great angry clouds trailed around the (liant as he lay there in state. Tlie Indians say as they paddle tiieir canoe across the lake, " Nanna-bijou is angry tonight." It is evening and a storm is coming over the Bay, the sea gulls are screaming close to the shore, the night is cold and gloomy. It is autumn and two people stand clasped together in the lighthouse gazing at the lake, for it is time the government steamer siiould be here. It is the last trip of the season and these people are waiting for their winter supplies. They have siiiiied a contract to guard the mine and look JThp after the lighthouse until spring. The wind is ^' ^ risins: hiirher and higher and the house dog howls Hbr (Satr dismally. When midnight comes, the wind has become a tempest, the waves dash higher against the rocks, and the two watchers, being exhausted, have gone to sleep. Morning breaks, and when they awake, pieces of wreckage come ashore, and well they know the steamer, with their winter sup- plies, has gone down. How will they get through the winter? The days go by, and Christmas Day they talk of their old home in England and say " What are they doing ? Do they think of us ? " And Albert sings in his fine barytone voice, " Heart of my Heart " and "I'll be True to Poll." The days become colder and colder, now and then a Hock of snow birds come to the lighthouse. Each day they count up their supplies, and scant they are. Across the Bay for miles nothing is to be seen but white snow, miles of a white world ; the snow is piled over everything, cold, hard, and impassible. The last few nights an owl has disturbed them, sending a chill into the heart of the wife with its mournful hooting. It will not go away, and one morning Albert finds it at the door huddled up in a white ball, and, offering it food, it will not eat. Jean is feeling more lonely than usual one night, when Albert said" I will sing you something, wife," and he sang some of his old English songs, which seemed to cheer her. The next morning he com- plains of his head, and Jean gives him a simple medicine she possessed, but each day he becomes worse, until delirium clouds his brain altogether. He cries: "Jean, where are the candles? Eight i6 *: them, dear wife, make a bright light, let no ship go g>ippptng down," then he sinks into an unconscious state ®'a«t from which he never awakens. For days she iCakr g>upprtor kneels beside him until the thought comes, '• I must bury him. Oh, what a hard, white world ; the earth cannot be broken, but he will not decay." Then she makes a couch in the woodshed, and there she half drags and half carries him. She knows no time until one morning she becomes aware there is little food in the house. Sitting in the twilight thinking of her dead husband she seems to see him before her. He says: "Jean, take some of your beautiful, black hair and make snares; the rabbits are plentiful." Then the next evening he says: " Make a line for mv old Hshing rod, go to the little river near the bar and see if you can catch some fish." 'I'hus each evening he came and talked to her. In the mornings she will go around and see if her snares have caui^ht anvthing, and many times they are full. When the signs of warmer weather comes she fishes in the river that lies on the top of the mountain, and here, strange SIlP to 'say, the fish have no eyes. In the pool near the iKrrprr ^^^ ^j^^ catches two kinds of fish, one with a of jjjhp (gatP straight tail, while, the other has a nick in the tail. That evening her dead husband tells her that the King of the Fishes, having sold himself to the devil. ran away, and the devil, overtaking him, caught a small piece out of his tail. Summer is now coming, birds of all kinds are singing around the lighthouse, and navigation will soon be open. One morning in the early spring a steamer passes the island, a small boat can be seen rowing quickly to shore. It is the manager of the mine, but when he goes up to the little home in the lighthouse and sees the poor creature with her dead lying in the woodshed, his heart fails him, for reason has fled. The lovely eyes look into vacancy, gold and silver are dross to her. She is brought to the nearest town, and from there to an asylum where she talks in low whispers, saying: "Hear the birds beating their wings upon the light house. What a strange cry that bivd has. She must be looking for her mate." Then again, '' How cold the earth is, and that dreary white lake. Oh, see their eyes." The Silver Islet Mine is still water logged and cannot be worked. It is twenty- nine years since ihe new caretaker came, his large family are grown up into young men and women. He can be seen driving over the ice in the winter to the nearest town. Many boats come into the harbor now and there is no fear of star\ation. The Indians say the Sleeping (]iant will not allow a white man to reach the Silver Mountain. ( )n the Island the many buildings are crumbling to the "round, one immense old storehouse still stands intact. Through the summer, campers visit the S'lrrpiitg spot, but they are not alloweti to go into the mine, j^" The caretaker says the mine will be opened some ^^^p ^uppriar day. A protege of tlie Hudson I'.ay Comiiaiiy. iKrrprr of ^m^^Hf >||^Hj 1 ^ Bi^ ^ J " It was evening and the sun had descended below the water. pic Island or Cbe Olbtte Mans foot TT was evening, the sun had descended below the water, the waves were crimson as blood, and the air was filled with a glorious light as the shadow of night fell, and the Evening Star hung suspended over Pie Island. Here the Ojibways tribe lived, and Chief Shinwauk had four comely daughters. Nabusa, the youngest, was small of stature, and the fairest of them all. She was a silent dreamy maiden, and the King of the Fishes, Nisha-Nama, had, at her birth, given her power over all things under water. Standing at the shore she heard the voice of the Great Spirit say- ing : " I send you my Son of the Evening Star, he is the star of woman, he has great tenderness in his bosom and mystery in his being." Suddenly the oak trees began to tremble and the wigwams to sway through the air, and the Evening Star lighted soft as a snowHake. There at the foot of an oak tree sat a young man, white and beautiful. Xabusa loved him at once and her voice trembled as she whispered welcome. The three sisters came up with their warrior husbands, and seeing Nabiisa Silrr;!!!!!! with her arms around the vouno- white man, tliev ^ of began to taunt and mal-;e fun of their sister. As ?raiu' g'uprrtnr thev went through the forest the sisters laughed all the more. \\'hen night fell and the camp tires were lighted the young man told the Indians where he had come from. He said " I have seen a water bigger than this (Big Sea Water), broader than the Kitchigome, and so bitter none could drmk it." " Kaw," they said, " We do not believe it." " Yes," said the white man, " through this water came a boat with wings, fiying bigger than those pine trees, ves, taller than those tall tree tops." The old men and women of the tribe tittered at each other and said " Kaw ; we don't believe it." "Through its moutfi," he said. " there came lightning and Annemeekee (thun- der)." " Kaw," they said, " what lying tales you tell us." "And these great boats with wings were guided by white men with hair on their chins and faces." " Kaw," they said, " We don't believe it." Only Na- busa did not laugh. She believed it and said, " I have had a vision, I saw it." The young white man said, " I have seen them and the\" are coming from the region of the morning and many people are on these wooden vessels. Kitchee Manitou, the mighty, sends them upon his errand and beneath their footsteps springs a Hower unknown to us, a flower called the White Man's Foot." Nabusa's sisters grew angry and called upon their husbands and tlie rest of the tribe to kill this man for he had poisoned the mind of their sister. They called upon Waban. the magician, to send up a dense smoke so that they would not know where to go. 23 ull]p Arrows were hurled at the young white man who iKi-rprr \^q\^ Nabusa in his arms, both were pierced to Shp (Satp ^^^ heart, and when their blood fell upon the island they felt themselves ascending, held by some unseen power, but rising higher and higher until, when the lovers looked down, the three sisters were changed into the Welcome Islands, while the one they had left slowly assumed the shape of a round English pie, and over the island bloomed and blossomed a flower called the White Man's Foot. Here, on pleasant nights in summer, when the Evening Star is shining, the spirit of Nabusa and the young white man walk together. The Evening Star looks down and sees the westward march of the unknown crowded nations, speaking many tongues, yet feeling but one heart beat in their bosoms. Over all their lakes and rivers rush great boats steaming thunder. Then a darker vision comes and it beholds the Indian nation scattered, weakened, and warring witli each other, while the North \^'ind, Keewadin, whispers througli the leaves of autumn ever westward, ever westward ! (Slant of Mount McKav stands tliousands of feet above the level of the lake." Legend of jMount jVIcKay /^N the north shores of Lake Superior, where the River Kaniinistica, with its many turns, runs tliousands of miles through the lovely woods into the big Kitchigome, meaning in English •' Big Sea Water," or Lake Superior, Mount McKay stands thousands of feet above the level of the lake as if keeping guard at the mouth of the river. Perched on the side of the mountain, overlooking the river, is an old Jesuit chapel built by the first black-robed priests who came to this country. This chapel was a peace offering' to the Great Manitou, for on this spot a tragedy was enacted, and ever since the Indians go once a year to pray for an abundant harvest and forgiveness for their sins. At the time of the tragedy it was autumn, and the fields were ripening with golden grain, and all the ®lip tribes were at peace with one another for all the t...rpp fijffeient tribes had come and smoked the old of ilhr (Satr peace pipe. It was made of red sand stone, the stem being adorned with the ( )jibway colors. This pipe was tilled with willow bark. At about this time of the year, the women of the tribe rose at midnight and silently drew a magic circle around each held. This, they thought, kept the birds and insects away. In spite of all these precautions, one morning the fields were torn up and destroyed as if by malicious human hands. The magic circle was stamped out of existence and the ground upturned as if by a cyclone. The little band rose one morning at daybreak and soon the rush of wings in the pine trees showed Kagahgee, the King of the Ravens, with an army of blackbirds, crows, and jays, all cawing and making a tremen- dous noise. The tribe, with Chief Bukuginee, said. '• We will give them a lesson they will never forget." Snares were set and the captured had their necks wrung and tied to poles, showing the uncaptured what had been done. Pole after pole was strung with their lifeless bodies, but alas ! the work of devastation had been clone. There seemed to be millions of birds and little grain to store. The winter came earlier than usual, and how cold a winter in the north can be! The ice on the rivers was thicker than ever known before, it seemed to be frozen clear to the bottom of the lake. Snow- flakes fell until the face of nature was changed, the wigwams were buried under the snow, it was only a brave hunter that would come out. and he would fasten on his snowshoes and walk over the irreat banks of snow through the forest trying to catch a g»lprpniy bird, if ever so small. The footprints of the rabbit *'^'" of or deer would show that the animal was so thin g^ahc S'lr-rrinr from hunger that they could hardly make their way through the woods. Sometimes they would come upon them stiff in death where they had fallen from hunger. The women and children were thin and gaunt, wasting away with the famine fever. All seemed to be famished around them, the sky often had a dark, gray, hungry look, and at night, as they looked out of their tent door, thev would see the eyes of wolves glaring at them. At the foot of Mount McKay lived an Indian named Nuska, because his ears were knobbed like an ear of red corn. He had been a mighty hunter. and his daughter Min-o-kee-gee, meaning in English Mn,-.,-kLL-<^c, h.caiuii,;; 111 l.ii^:;li>h ■ r.ii,i;lil Skv,' h.ul Itanud to trap and snare as well as lier father. " Slip •• Bright Sky," had learned to trap and snare as '^''^" well as her father. Nuska had been ill. They said HI uprrtnr kill me in the same way or I cannot go to the happy hunting ground." She had heard the con- versation between her father and his brother which ended in her father's life being taken, and she accepted it as her right. She knew no wrong when she took the ax and gave him one strong blow, severing his head from his body. The next morning there was nothing to eat in the house and her mother and the children were still asleep. She did not awaken them. She grasped the fatal ax Min-o-kee-gce. " She grasped the fatal ax and started for the head of the lake." and started for the head of the lake. Here the forest was roofed with ice, and snow hung on all ^9 cbr the branches. She strapped her snowshoes on '^'''■"'- tighter and sprang over the treacherous ice. As Sl)p (Satp she paused to listen she could hear the howling of wolves and the waving of the great pine trees. She chose a spot upon the ice she thought was thinner than any she had passed over. Then she halted, and wielding the ax with her young strong arms until, joy ! water could be seen. It was but the work of a moment for the girl to pull down her legging and cut a slice from the calf of her leg. She felt no pain, this was something that had to be done, and there was no murmur came from her lips as she caught the bleeding piece of Hesh to the hook and trolled it down into the icy waters. Ah I a tug upon the line, and she pulled a Iiig fish out fif the water, soon another and another lay quivering upon tlie snow. \\"ith her arms filled, and almost fainting, she arri\cd home and laid them down at the feet of the starving children. Then she turned. Her lover stood beside her. He had been awav with the young men of the tribe on a hunt. She knew by llic look of his face he had seen the bodies of her father and her uncle in the forest and her voice was almost a whisper as she said : " I killed him as he killed my father." *• Oh. mighty Manitou," he screamed, " I will not marry you; you would kill me." .\nd he fied through the forest. .She sank to the ground with K)s^ of blood, a medicine man was brought who gave her a magic diink, the trilie came and beat their d;ums and shook their rattles, (.h.inted singly and in chorus. .\ll this w.is done to iliive the dex'il away, but none could help her. ."^lie lav as one in a stupor, her lover shook his head, and walked as S'lrrpinij one afar off. The medicine man called upon the '"" serpents to help him. He said: -'I will get the CaUr Superior skin of a hen hawk and a white beaver and blow her strong." Ikit still Min-o-kee-gee grew weaker and weaker. They all whispered and looked at her as if she was a mysterious being. It came springtime and the woods had begun to bud and blossom with beauty as Min-o-kee-gee lay in the doorway of the wigwam. One day she said: "I can see something. I see my father and my uncle. They are beckoning to me. At the mouth of the river near the Sleeping Giant," she said, "there seems to be somebody coming in the hazy distance." Something loomed high upon the water, floating and flying it came nearer and nearer. Min-o-kee-gee shaded her eyes with her thin brown hand. Was it the \A'hite Goose, \\'awa or the Heron. Shuhga, with the water flashing from its feathers, or the Pelican, Shada ? It was none of these, but a birch-bark canoe rising on each wave until could be seen in early morning a white faced chief with a black robe, a priest of Christ. As he leaped from the canoe all the tribe knelt in prayer, and with the gold cross held above his head he said : " Peace be with you and your people." As the tribe gathered around to listen to the words of the priest, he gave to Min-o- kee-gee the message of the gospel of peace and forgiveness. Min-o-kee-gee lay with the cross upon her breast, whispering: " I am going to my people; listen to the truth he tells for the Master of Life has sent him." The Chief said: •• It is well. ( )h, Slir friends, you have come so far to see us and brought IKrrprr ^j^^ White Man's Book," and here, as the priest nf ... Shp (Satp chanted the prayer, the spirit of Min-o-kee-gee had fled. High upon the top of Mount McKay was built a chapel, and there, once a year, the different tribes meet together and pray to the mighty Man- itou for a blessing upon the crops and forgiveness for the sins of Min-o-kee eee. Hi^li iipiiii Mminl McKay was built a chapel IS anna-bijou ^irrptng (Biant nf npO the Ojibway Indians, Nanna-bijou is a ^Tgj^p g>uMrrtnr ruler and good Spirit, second only to the Great Manitou. It is Nanna bijou who teaches the squaws how to cook the paws of the great Black Bear. These are esteemed a fine deli- cacy, but Nanna-bijou informs the squaws they must not taste of this dish or they will die. When a child is born, if the sun shines all day Nanna-bijou has given him a long life; if the sun goes out of sight they say Nanna-bijou has given him a short life. Camping out one night on the banks of the Neebing River, an old Chief told this story of Nanna-bijou: Nanna-bijou had been fishing on the banks of the Kaministiqua, and finding a deep pool where the trout lay, he soon had a goodly number upon his back. Thinking he would climb a tree that hung over the bank, he was nearing the top when a large bird swooped down upon him making him drop his fish. Just then some wolves came along with a carcase of a caribou which they had been eat- ing, but, seeing the fish, they dropped it and greedily ate up the fish. Slipping down the trunk of the tree, Nanna-bijou caught up the caribou head and, fastening it upon his own shoulders, he sprang into his own canoe and paddled down stieam. At that moment, a band of Indians saw him, and thinking it was a large caribou swimming in the lake, they made ready to kill him, but Nanna-bijou seeing them take 33 QIl|p aim at his head dove under the water while t\rrprr ^^fQ head floated down the river. He managed to rf ^^ aljp (6alr ie;ich the shore without being seen. Here he followed a small path through the woods until he was met by a young man who was going his way. On coming to an old log house. Nanna- bijou said, " 1 am going in. but you must stay outside until 1 come out." The young man stood there, and noticing a knot hole in one of the logs, he peeped through and saw Nanna- bijou talking to an old man and woman. He heard him say to the old man. " Would you like to be young again ? " and the old man said. " Yes." Here Nanna-bijou opened the o\en door and put the old man in, then, turning to the old woman, he asked her the same question, and she answering in the affirmative, he put her in also. Presently, he opened the o\endoor and there lay two little piles of white ashes. Taking a pile in each hand he blew first one, then the other. when immediately there they stood before him a young man and a young woman. The Indian outside was so frightened that he ran away. Not long after the young Indian met an old couple who had a great desire to be young again and he thought he would like to try the experiment. After putting them into a charcoal oven and blowing the ashes from his hands. just as he had seen Nanna-bijou do. he was more than astonished when the ashes fell cold and lifeless upon the ground. Soon after, it began to be whispered al)out that this young man had wilfull}- killed tiiese old people, and one morning a great crowd took him to the g>lrpping forest where they made such an example of him ' " that none have since attempted to do the wonder- ^^ke Bu\setwt fill things that have been hiid to the spirit of Nanna-bijou. Presbyterian C'luircli, Port Arthur Rev. S. C. Murray, Pastor Cdclcome Islands rr-iHE Welcome Islands, or Three Sisters, has its legends also, and there are many old relics to be fovmd, showing a primitive race of people had lived upon these islands. There are to be seen today a line of rifle pits running along both sides of the little bay or entrance to the islands, showing the remains of a deadly war between the Sioux and the Ojibways. Once inside the gap, vessels are safe from any wind, the east alone blowing over the low part of Thunder Cape Pen- insula, and this the government has protected by a breakwater. The first steamer to enter Thunder Bay was the " Julia Palmer," which was hauled over the St. Marie's Falls in 1846. She was loaded with copper ore for the Montreal Mining Company, operating a copper mine on St. Ignace Island, Nepigon Bay. After discharging her cargo she coasted westward, entering Thunder Bay on Sep- tember, 1846. This sununer, a beautiful little pleas- ure steamer, called the "Mazeppa," makes two trips a day to this island, making it for the first time in history an unsealed book to the white man. Isle Royalc sirrpiua (Siant of TN the days of La Salle, Isle Royale was called ffickp S'uprrior Minong. It is supposed that a race of people like the Mound Builders lived upon the Island, for there are many traces of their work. It has been stated that these people knew how to harden the ore. but it is imagination, for their work shows it to have been of a very primitive character. They seem to have built tires under a vein of native copper, and when the rock became heated they threw hot water upon it, and by repeating this operation they could tear the copper away from the rock in smalll pieces. Here lay boundless wealth under their eyes, which they were unable to cope with. A mass of copper weighing several tons was found by a modern mining company, showing marks of fire with human hair and charcoal under it. A land corporation company, of Liver- pool. England, bought many acres of this beautiful island and have done a great deal of exploration work upon it. Scientists have often tried to arrive at a possible dale when these people did their work, but there is nothing that would indicate the time when the work went on there. This island is one of the most beautiful in the northwest. It is wooded with fine timber and contains many lakes, streams, and beautiful bays. About a dozen lakes are over two miles in length, and one seven miles, with small islands upon it. The Island itself is forty-five miles long and eight miles wide. Some of the rivers are practically land-locked, and are havens of refuge to the many vessels who wish to take shelter during a Sl|p storm. The old Jesuitical legends are still believed Krrprr of bv the Indians, as thev will visit the Island during ®hp (featr '^he day, but when night comes they speed away to an adjoining island and pitch their tent for the night. Here it is that forty-two chiefs visited La Salle, squatting upon the ground in grand cere- monial robes of beaver, wolf, and black squirrel skins, and later bartering them for coats, scarlet cloth, hatchets, knives, and beads. The bank swallows are still to be seen building their homes in the banks of the river, and here a beautiful green turquoise is to be found, which, when set, makes a lovely ornament. According to the Jesuitical legends, this Island was thought to be of solid copper, and IJenjamin Franklin, on making the boundaiy line, included it in the I'nited States territoiy, giving Michipocoton to Canada in ex- change. Some of these lakes and streams are stocked with trout, and a fisherman who knes the sport can have no more djlighlful lime than in the woods of Isle Roy ale. H Summer in tbc Land of Riawatba ^i^pimj (Siaul of (~\V all the trips by land or lake, the trip through lEakp ^uppnor the chain of lakes up to Sault St. Marie and into the big Lake Superior is the tinest, islands of every shape conceivable making a picture never to be forgotten. Islands outlined in the waters as if in a mirror, some seeming not a stone's throw from the steamer's side, while others are composed of rock alone, with the trees growing out of the great fissures in the rock. As we go along slowly up the Sault River an indescribable and mysterious odor fills your whole being. I'he atmosphere is laden with the scent of clover blossom. We fancy we hear the words of Hiawatha, •■ Beautiful is tlie sun, (J strangers. When you come so far to see us ! All our town in peace awaits you, All our doors stand open for you ; Vou shall enter all our wigwams, For the heart's right hand we give you, Never was our lake so tranquil. Nor so free from rocks and sandbars: For our birch canoe in passing Has removed both rock and sand bar ! " Here, for ten years, as I passed up and down these great lakes, has the spirit of Hiawatha come to me, but not until this summer did I know that for many years the last Chief of the Ojibways, the one who gave Longfellow his legend and story for Hiawatha, lived and died a few miles away, with his band, on the (iarden River Reserve, near Sault St. Marie. There nas a time when he played an important part in the history of Canada. The death of liukjjinene, the last 39 Sljr hereditary chief of the Ojibways, which occurred iKrrprr |,^ February last, on the Garden River Reserve, SljeCSalp li'^^'^ recalled to mind the past glories of the tribe. Bukjjinene was eighty-six years old. and was a man of remarkable intelligence, with a fine open countenance and pleasing manners. He had a wonderful memory, and having spent most of his time in that region whence Longfellow drew his tale of Hiawatha, his mind was stored with legends and traditions. Many of the marvellous exploits ascribed to Hiawatha were legendary lore in the mind of lUikjjinene, w:ho loved to relate them in the Ojibway tongue, using many terms and phrases exactly as they occurred in Longfellow's Hiawatha. It is curious to notice the resem- blance of his own name to Puwudjineiness, or "little people," in one of Longfellow's legends. Shinwauk, the father of Bukjjinene, had been a mighty man in battle, when, on one of his ex- peditions to the Hudson Bay Trading Post, in 1812, he learned of the war between the Ameri- cans and the British. He hurried back to the tribe, called his young braves together, and soon a fleet of canoes went humming down to Niagara. At the Battle of Queenston Heights the Ojibways fought bravely and well, with a small force under General Brock. .Shinwauk returned to his huntine: ground and afterwards the tribe settled upon the Garden River Reserve, near the Sault. Here he never tired recounting deeds of the war with the '■ Keche IMookoomaun." He com- posed a song to celebrate his victory which is still sung in the tribe. The refrain is supposed to be a lament and runs •'Sixty of our strong- S'lrr^iiny men slain." For his loyalty, Shinwauk received a silver medal from King (ieorge III, which he Cakr S'ltprriur preser\ed with the greatest pride until his death, when it passed into the equally proud keeping of his son and successor to the chieftainship Bukjjinene. Bukjjinene visited i^urope with the Rev. F. F. Wilson and was presented to the Prince of Wales and was joined to his suite in a grand function. When the Prince of Wales visited Canada, in iS6o, he added another medal to the one llukjjinene had iniicrited from .Shin- wauk. The Indian chief, with his native child- like spirit, "fresh with the odors of the forest, with the dew and damp of meadows", with the curling smoke of wigwams, attracted much attention in Furope. Some things impressed him there. The rich were too rich and the poor were too poor. He was content to live in his cabin and was married to the wife of his choice by the Christian Minister. There he lived, cul- tivating his garden in summer, making sugar from the maple trees in the spring, and trap- ping the otter and chasing the moose through the snows of winter, while his wife plaited mats of rushes, gathered blackberries, and cooked his hsh and game quietly at home. Feeling his health fail him, he wished to see Longfellow again, thinking it might benefit his tribe. He had been invited to pay a visit to IJoston but felt too old. After pondering over the matter, he sent his grandsons to interview Longfellow. After many weeks travel, they arrived in Cambridge, Slir and great was their astonishment to hear that ^^^' Lonfrfellow had been dead since 1882. After of '^ ell* (Satr leaving a pressing invitation for Longfellow's widow and daughter to visit the Garden River Reserve they returned home to the disappointed old chieftain. He died a few months afterwards, in February, 1900, after he and his father. Shin- wauk, holding the chieftaincy for more than a century. Of the race of Kukjjinent-. ' 1 will go to Miidjekeewis. See how fares it witli niy father. Riawatba ^irpptng (Stant of A FEW miles from Desbaiats, Kensington Point, ?Cakr 9utirruir on the St. Maiy's River, or Paw-wating, as the Ojibways still call it, is played each summer the annual drama of " Hiawatha "" in this cast. Cast Hiawatha The Black Robe Minnehaha Wabeno Pau-Puk-Keewis Kabibonokka C'hibiabos Mudjekeewis Kwasind Shawondasee lagoo Wabun Nokomis 'Phe Ancient Arrow-maker Snake Dancers, Braves, Squaws. Papooses, etc. SCKNK I Hn Ojibway Indian Tillage A dense smoke is sjen arising from a fire lighted by Gitchee Manitou (Good Spirit) as a signal to call together all the nations, that they may smoke together the pipe of peace, the Pukwana. Upon the arrival of the warriors of different tribes. Wildly glaring at each other, In their faces stern defiance. In their hearts the feuds of ages — The loving Great Spirit says: " O my children ! My poor children ! Listen to the words of wisdom, Listen to the words of warning, ' From the lips of the Great Spirit, From the Master of Life who made you ! It " I have given you lands to hunt in, iCrrprr I have given you streams to fish in, uf I have given you bear and bison, (Ehr (SalP I have given you trout and beaver, Filled the marshes full of wild fowl. Filled the river full of fishes ; Why then are you not contented ? Why then will you hunt each other? " I am weary of your quarrels. Weary of your wars and bloodsheds, Weary of your prayers for vengeance. Of your wranglings and dissensions ; All your strength is in your union, All your danger is in discord. Therefore be at peace henceforward, And as brothers live together. " I will send a prophet to you, A deliverer of the nations. Who shall guide you, and shall teach you, Who shall toil and suffer with you. If you listen to his counsels You will multiply and prosper; If his warnings pass unheeded You will fade away and perish ! " Bathe now, in the stream before you ; Wash the war-paint from your faces. Wash the blood-stains from your fingers. Take the reeds that grow beside you. Deck them with your brightest feathers, Smoke the calumet together And as brothers live henceforward." Here the warriors throw down their garnient.s of deer.skin, and their weapons, and rush into the river, wash off the war paint, and, sittini:^ in a circle, they smoke the Peace Pipe. SCENK II The wigwam of Nokoniis, grandmother of Hiawatha. The baby in a Hnden cradle is being rocked by Nokomis. She sings : " H\ish, the naked Ijear will get thee ! S'lrrpinn Ewa-yea ! My little owlet 1 (Statil Who is this, that lights the wigwam, iif With his great eyes, lights the wigwam? Siakr S>uprriyr ilwa-yea ! My little owlet 1 " Scene III Nokomis and lagoo teach Hiawatha how to shoot. Scene IV Hiawatha said to old Nokomis: "I will go to Mudjekeewis, See how fares it with my father, At the dooi-ways of the West Wind, At the portals of the Sunset ! '" Warning, said the old Nokomis : " Go not forth, () Hiawatha To the kingdom of the West Wind, To the realms of Mudjekeewis, Test he harm you with his magic, Lest he kill you with his cunning." Hiawatha meets Mudjekeewis, his father, and tries' in vain to kill him for the wrong he has done his mother, but Mudjekeewis is immortal, he loves his .son. gives him matchless advice about his people, tells him to return and share his kingdom, and sends him homeward to live among his people, the ( )jil3ways, doing good tmtil the return to the kingdom of the West Wind. With the bitterness of anger gone, and a noble resolve in his mind, Hiawatha hastens homeward. Only once his pace he slackened, ( Jnlv once he paused or halted, Paused to purchase heads of arrows Of the .\ncient Arrow-maker, In the hind of the Dacotahs, Where the falls of Minnehaha Flash and gleam among the oak trees. Laugh and leap into the valley. (Tljp Upon his arrival. Hiawatha tells his people the iCrrppr ^^.Qj-fig ^1-,^^ Mudjekeewis had told him : of jTi-p (^nig '■ ''O back to youi home and people. Live among them, toil among them. Cleanse the earth from all that harms it, Clear the fishing grounds and rivers, Slay all monsters and magicians, All the giants, the Wendegoes, All the serpents, the Kenabeeks As I slew the Mishe-Mokwa, Slew the (ireat Bear of the Mountains." '•And at last when Death draws near you When the awful eyes of Panguk Cllare upon you in the darkness I will share my kingdom with you ! Ruler shall you be thenceforward 1 " Hiawatha dwells on this, but his people do not understand. Scene V "Cbc CQooing of Riawatba •' As unto the bow the cord is, So unto man is woman. Though she bends him, she obeys him. Though she draws him, yet she follows, Useless each without the other ! " Said Hiawatha, dreaming still of Minnehaha: " Of the lovely laughing water In the land of the Dacotahs." " Wed a maiden of your people," Warning said the old Nokomis ; "Co not eastward, go not westward, For a stranger whom we know not ! Like a fire upon the hearth stone Is a neighbor's homely daughter, Like the starlight or the moonlight Is the handsomest of strangers! " And my Hiawatha answers: " Dear old Nokomis, Vei"y pleasant is the firelight, Hut I like the starlight better, Better do 1 like the moonlight I" At tlie P(,rt,ils .,f the .Suubct.' (Iravely tlit-n saitl old Nokomis: g»UT).uurt " Dring not hert an idle maiden, OSiaut living not here a useless woman, ii{ Hands unskillful, feet unwilling, iGaUr i^'uyrriiir Uring a wife with nimble lingers. Heart and haiul that move together. Feet that run cjii willing errands I " Smiling, answered Hiawatha : " In the land of the Dacotahs, Lives the Arrow-maker's daughter, Minnehaha, laughing water. Handsomest of all the women, I will bring her to your wigwam. She shall run upon your errands, lie your starlight, moonlight, firelight, lie the sunlight of my jieople I " Still dissuatling, said Nokomis: •• Hring not to my lodge a stranger. From the land of the Dacotahs! Very fierce are the Dacotahs, Often is there war between us. There are feuds yet unforgotten. Wounds that ache and still may o];)en." 1/aughing, answered Hiawatha: " For that reason, if no other. Would I wed the fair Dacotah, That our tribes might be united, That old feuds might be forgotten And old wounds be healed forever." Hiawatha approaches the \vi^u,wain on his sec- ond visit. The Arfow-niaker, rising to meet him. says: •' Vou are welcome. Hiawatha." At the feet of Minnehaha. Hiawatha lays a deer, and the maiden Looked up fi(mi ln-r mat of rushes Said, with gentle look and accent, •' \'ou are welcome, Hiawatha;" \'es, as in a dream >he listened To the woril> of Hiawatha. (Slowly) 5' of ill|r Oaatr Hiawatha says: " After many years of warfare, Many years of strife and bloodshed, There is peace between the Ojibways, And the tribe of the Dacotahs ; That this peace may last forever; And our hands be clasped more closely, And our hearts be more united. Give me as my wife this maiden, Minnehaha, Laughing Water, Loveliest of Dacotah women." (Pause) Arrow-maker " Yes, if Minnehaha wishes. Let your heart speak, Minnehaha." Seating herself beside him, Minnehaha says: " I will follow you, mv husband." As Hiawatha and Minnehaha leave, the old Arrow-maker says, standing in the door of the tent : ' And she follows wlicre he leads her, Leaving all things lor the stranger." • Thus it is our daughters lea\e us. Those we love and tliose who love us ! Just when they have learned to help us. When we are old and lean upon them, Comes a youth with flaunting feathers, With his flute of reeds a stranger Wanders piping through the village, Beckons to the fairest maiden. And she follows where he leads her. Leaving all things for the stranger." S>lrpptng (Stant nf etc. Scene VI Cbc CQcdding feast Nokomis : " O, Pau l^uk-Keewis, Dance for us your merry dances, Dance the beggar's dance to please us. That the feast may be more joyous. That the time may pass more gaily And our guests be more contented." Pau-Puk-Keewis dances. Then they said to Chibiabos : Chorus : " Sing to us, () Chibiabos, Songs of love and songs of longing. That the feast may be more joyous, That the time may pass more gaily, And our guests be more contented." lagoo's story is here related. Dances, games, Scene XU Blessing the Cornfields Motidamiti Scene \TII Gathering the Corn Scene IX picture CHriting Slir Hiawatha tKrrprr eljr (6atr '• l.o, how all things fade and perish I From the memorv of the old men, Fade away the great traditions," etc. Gitcbc Manito Mitche Manito, the niit;hty Sipirit of Evil. Serpent — crafty, cunning ; and many signs drawn on skins and bark. Scene X Medicine men. Pau-Puk-Keewis and his win- nings. " Hark you," shouted Pau-Puk-Keewis, " I am tired of all this talking." As a taunt to Hia- watha. \A'ith a stealthy step he entered, etc. As an insult to Nokomis, as a taiuit to Minnehaha, etc. lagoo tells of the himting of Pau-Fuk-Keewis. of his death and of his changing into an eagle. Here scenes are sometimes introduced that suit the locality or the cast in some special way. Scene XI lagoo tells of the Slbttc Man's foot •• lie had seen, he said, a water. Bigger than the big sea water. Broader than the (litchee Ciuniee, Bitter so that none could drink it." (Women and men scoff.) " Raw," they said, " we don't believe it." " O'er it," said he, " o'er this water, Came a great canoe with pinions, A canoe with wings came flying, Bigger than a grove of pine trees, Taller than the tallest tree-tops'." And the old men and the women Looked and tittered at each other, •• Kaw ' " thev said, " we don't believe it." From its month, ht; said, to gret-t him. Came Waywassimo, the lightning, Came the thunder. Annemeekeel ' Kaw I " they said, " what tales you tell us ! In the great canoe with pinions Came, he said, a hundred warriors ; Painted white were all their faces, And with hair their chins were covered, • Raw ! " etc. (Jnly Hiawatha laughed not ; ' True is all lagoo tells vis, I have seen it in a \ision. Seen the great canoe with pinions. Seen the people with white faces, .Seen the coming of this bearded People of the wooden vessel. From tht regions of the morning. From the shining land of \Valnin. ' Citchie Manito, the .Mighty, The Great Spirit, the Creator, Sends them hither on I lis errand, Sends them to us with His message; Wheresoe'er they move, before them Swarms the stinging fly, the Ahmo. Swarms the bee, the honey-maker ; Wheresoe'er they tread, beneath them Springs a flower unknown among us, .Springs the \\'liite Man's Foot in blcjsson ■ Let us welcome, then, the strangers. Hail them as our friends and brothers. And the heart's right hand of friendship Give them when they come to see us. Gitchie Manito, the Mighty, Said this to me in mv vision. g'Irp;ititg (Siant iif iCahr *u|jriiur ' I beheld, too, in that vision, All the secrets of the future. Of the distant days that shall be ; I beheld the westward marches ( ) f the unknown, crowded natirins; All the land was full of people. Restless, struggling, toiling, striving. jt;1h. Speaking many tongues, yet feeling SvrruiT ^^^ o"^ heart-beat in their bosoms; jjf In the woodlands rang their axes, She (Satp Smoked their towns in all the valleys, Over all the lakes and rivers Rushed their great canoes of thunder. " Then a darker, drearier vision Passed before me, vague and cloud-like ; I beheld our nations scattered. All forgetful of my counsels, Weakened, warring with each other; Saw the remnants of our people Sweeping westward, wild and woful Like the cloud-rack of a tempest. Like the withered leaves of autumn I " Scene XII Coming of the Black Robe, in a Canoe, with Guides Hiawatha says to the missionary and his com- panions : " Beautiful is the sun, O strangers. When you come so far to see us ! All our town in peace awaits you, All our doors stand open for you ; You shall enter all our wigwams. For the heart's right hand we give you. " Never bloomed the earth so gaily, Never shone the sun so brightly. As today they shine and blossom. When vou come so far to see us ! " Never before had our tobacco Such a sweet and pleasant flavor. Never the broad leaves of our cornfields Were so beautiful to look on. As they seem to us this morning. When you come so far to see us." 'I'hc missionaiy answers in broken Indian: " Peace be with you, Hiawatha, Peace be with you and your people, Peace of prayer and peace of pardon, I'eace of Christ and joy of Mary I" All braves, old men. etc.: S>lrrpinij (6 taut ' It is well," they said, " (J brother, That vou came so far to see us ! " The message of the gospel is then given. The chiefs" answer: " We have listened to your message, We have heard your words of wisdom, We will think on what vou tell us ; It is well for us, (J brothers, That you came so far to see us ! " Scene XIII Departure Hiawatha says adieu to his people in the vil lage. and then says to Nokomis and the tribe : •• I am going, () Nokomis, On a long and distant journey, To the portals of the sunset, To the regions of the home-wind. Of the northwest wind, Keewaydin, P>ut these guests I leave behind me. In your watch and ward I leave them. See that never harm comes near them. See that never fear molests them. Never danger, nor suspicion. Never want of food or shelter. In the lodge of Hiawatha. " I am going, oh, my jieople, < )n a long and distant journey. Many moons and many winters, \\'U\ have come and will have vanished, Ere I come again to see you. Hut mv guests I leave behind me, Listen to their words of wisdom, Listen to the truth they tell you. For the Master of Life has sent them. From the land of light and morning 1 " nf iCaUr S'upi'rinr iKrrprr nf ( )ii tile shore stood Hiawatha, 'ruined and waved liis hand at parting. < )n the clear and luminous water, J^aunched his birch canoe for sailing. From the pebbles of the margin, Shoved it forth into the water, Whispered to it, "Westward, westward. And with speed it darted forward. And they said, " Farewell for ever," Said, " Farewell, O Hiawatha ! " " Thus dep.uttd Hiawatha." Xotf:. — Miss Alice M. Longfellow, who witnessed the play at Desbarats, says : — " It possessed an indescribable charm. The spot se- lected for the drama could not have been more beautiful or more appropiiate. Kensington I'oint, Desbarats, is in the very heart of the Ojibway Land, and the legend came from there in the long ago. '• Mr. Armstrong originated the idea. The drama was d'.lightful from beginning to end. It was made up of conse- cutive scenes from the poem, and altiiougli a great many of the mincjr parts were omitted, the whole legend has been told at the conclusion of the jierformance." Lahc Superior ^ I "" 1 1 IS grand reser\oir of the St. Lawrence is over 350 miles long by 160 miles in its widest part, comprising an area of 32,000 square miles. Its greatest depth is 1,200 feet, making its bottom 603 feet below, and its surface 597 feet abo\e sea level. The chief rix-ers flowing into Northern Lake Superior are the Kaministica, the Nepigon. the Black Sturgeon, Curient, McKenzie, Carp, and many lesser streams, all having their origin in the Lleight of Land, or water shed. di\id- ing the waters tiowing into Hudson's Bay from these of Lake Superior. I'pon Lake .Superior's rugged hij). Far reaching toward the boundless west, ITp borne by storm the white-winged ship. Finds a safe haven and a rest. Ncpigon River NEP100N5 OLORlOliS FISMINQ Sej!ING IS B ELIEVING. npROUT fishing a- lone should draw all lovers of sport to Nepigon River. The size of its fish and the exquisite beauty of river and lakes are memories for life. This is the largest and clear- est river that enters Lake Superior. It is forty-three miles long and averages 285 feet wide and has fifteen chutes or falls. Near the river mouth is the famous Red Rock, sa- cred to the Manitou. or Great Spirit, and carved with symbolic charac- ters by early Indians who made their calu- mets or pipes from it. Here also is an old post of the Hudson Bay Company, and a good dock to which \essels can run direct from any point t)n the great lakes and have safe harbor, fudge Hamil- ton was the first fly fisher on the Nepigon. He dis- g»lrr}jing covered a pool where the trout were seen plainly '^" ni swuiiming and jumping. The guide thought the jGakr Su^irrinr place was enchanted as he had never seen fish jump- ing in this manner before. The pool was named after Judge Hamilton. There is Lake Lomond, on the other side of Mount McKay, which holds such trout and grouse as would make a sportsman wonder how it could be kept quiet and so few know it. The trolling for black bass in Loon Lake, and for trout, pickerel, and pike in Lake Superior and streams in the district is abundant. The Kam- inistica River is one of the most beautiful spots in Canada, and a never-ending pleasure to the tourist. Point DeMeuron, on the banks of the Kaministica, is historic ground, for our present Lord Milton was born there. Mount McKay, with its thousands of feet of cliffs which are mir- rored with shrub and blossom in the water below, makes a picture never to be forgotten. Port Arthur was first called the '• Station." In 1870, when General \\'olseley came up the lakes with his troops to Manitoba, the soldiers called it the •■ Sta- tion," and later it was given the name of ■■ Prince Arthur," and in 1S83 the name was changed, to please the C. P. R., to Port Arthur. iKrr|irr uf eljr (Satr Geographically np H F. twin towns, I'orl Arthur and Fort William, occupy a unique position. One but needs to look at the map of the North American continent to pi;rcei\'e the position the)- hold between the east and the boundless prairies of the west, the "Golden Gateway " to the i^ranaries of the world. Port Arthur, with its beautiful building sites and its broad harbor, is equalled only by the Bay of Naples, while Fort William, situated upon the banks of the Kaministica River where it empties into Thunder Bay, at the head of Lake Superior, is the center of the continent from east to west, being distant 1629 miles from Halifax, and 1908 miles from Van- couver, and is the head of navigation and tinds outlet in the Atlantic ()cean. These towns are now the greatest grain centers of the world, and the millions of bushels of wheat and merchandise enroute to the world make them second to none. I'ciiit of the Wliitc Man in iI>(k; Hs a Rcalth Reeort '"P'HERE is no healthier region in the world than the north shore of Lake Superior. The air is cool and gives to the invalid a tonic effect. In winter the snow is like dry powder, and falls from the garment dry and crisp. It is the summer air that is delightful, never too hot, while the nights are one long restful sleep. The lake breezes, with the odor of clover in the air, do more for the health than all the medicines in the world. I'he many excursions to the beautiful islands soothes and strengthens the nerves, while there is something interesting to be seen in mountain and glen all the summer. S>lrrtiing (giant of Siakr S»u;iprior Should you ask me whence these stories ? I should answer, I should tell you, From the land of the Ojibways. Tlic I )aus()ii Riirtd. AbhrrttBrm^uts § w 5 o 2 3 3'^ i» O n i:^ & -tr © ioat -^l? , L ^i m .: \ ^ O 3 o o c« (TQ a W m l/q •I fH © G/ ^ O to Algcmu i^oUl Port Arthur, Ont. /«fs^ ' 1:% -^ r ''. ;«F^ .- ..^f^ -fcfif • MnxWi $c i^ixhhn PROPRIETORS 68 Mb $c lEmm? rs0u DEALERS IX Heavy and Shelt Hardware STOVES AND TINWARE Contractors' and Mining Supplies Mechanics' Fine Tools and SPORTING GOODS Hot Air, Hot Water and Steam Heating PORT ARTHUR, ONT. Oy PORT ARTHUR, ONT. Master ... CAPTAIN THOMPSON Where are you going for your summer va- cation ? And how are you going to spend it ? There is no more beautiful place in the world than the mystical Thunder Bay region. Exploring and fish- ing parties can charter the Steamer " Mazcppa " for an excursion to all points on Mount McKay. No more delightful trip can be planned than to invite your inner circle of friends and visit the beautiful islands around the bay, for they are teeming with legend and story. The ''Mazeppa " will run daily to Welcome Islands, and trips can be arranged to Carp River, McKenzie and Blend River, and up the Kaministica River to Pointe DeMeuron. The two towns upon , the North shore of Lake Superior, Port Arthur and Voxi William, hold connection with all the world, as steamers from all parts touch at their docks. The C. P. R. and tlie Cana- dian Northern Railroads run in con- nection with the boats. The Leading- Druggists Our stock is the largest in tlie District, and comprises everything wliich )'ou would expect to find in a \\ell-a})pc)inted Pharmacy. We would especially call )Our atten- tion to our stock of Druoo/s/s' Sun- dries — all the leading Perfumes and Toilet Articles, Brushes, Combs, Mir- rors, Sponges, etc. WE ARE HEADQUARTERS EOR FISHING TACKLE and in our stock of Cigars, Cigarettes and Tobaccos, will be found the leading Domestic and Imported brands. J. W. CROOKS & CO. = Druggists = Two doors South of Bazaar, PORT ARTHUR, ONT. m)t ilarks-€laiipt-i0bi? (En. L 1 M I T K I) PORT ARTHUR, ONT. New Ontario's Largest Mercantile House ®l|r iiarka-QIlaitrt-ifllnr (En.. ICtmttrit IMPORTERS Headquarters for Tourists' Supplies w •mSssoG^ ''..jii^' 9'raB in« B!""!^S w P" ^^IBh m ^H »fe y^t \fe FISHING TACKLE and CAMP SUPPLIES of every description rf^ ffK flf\ Our stock cnil^races Canoes, Tents, Camp Stoves, and everything used in a camp. Hr makr a sprrtalttr nf nutftttturj (Eamptug ^arttra We gladly accord to tourists information as to tishing streams and the many points of interest in this locality, and the most direct way of reaching them. Sportsmen will find all their requisites in our establishment Thunder Bay Harbor Improvement Co. General Contractors g-tramrr " tnrnui" *rlnioitrr " fflnnitnr' Pile Driving, Foundation Work and Dock Building. Rock, Sand and (!ravel handleil in large- and small cjuantities. ' Port Arthur, Ont. If you want a pretty S o 11 V tMi i r of Port Arthur, Canada or a nice Box of Colonial Chocolates or a Good Imported or Domestic Cigar You can get all at J. F. E. BERRY & CO. Drug and Stationery Store CUMBERLAND STREET Port Arthur, Ont. A LWAYS IN STOCK a big assortment of Perfumes, Tooth Brushes, Combs Sponges, and all toilet articles. Remember the place — the Pharmacy across the way from Algoma Hotel. 73 W. F. FORTUNE (Elnllituri OSntrral jHcrrltant PORT ARTHUR, ONT. Gentlemen's Furnishings, Hats (Groceries, Provisions, Vege- aad Caps, Boots, Shoes tables, Hay, Oats, and Rubbers Feed, etc. LUMBERING AND MINING SUPPLIES A SPECIALTY LOUIS WALSH COAL CO. Wholesale and Retail Dealers in Autl|rarttr, iBttitmimius anh #mitl|inij (Enal Cord Wood Cut Municipal Telephone, 85 PORT ARTHUR, ONT. W. C. DALTON Iltiiirrtakrr Dealer in l''urniture and Office Fittings. Picture Framing a Specialty (Uabiurt iHakrr au^ llpliulstrrpr TERMS: CORNER Cash, or Note for 30 Days Cumberland and Ambrose Streets PORT ARTHUR, ONT. 74 TOURISTS ARE I N V I T 1^: D TO V I S I T A. ROSS £^ CO. Tlie Cumberland Street Jewelers and ( )pticians and look tliroiigli their immense stock of Lake Superior Agates Amethysts :: Quartz and Native Specimens of all kinds in the Rough and Manufactured Goods SOUVENIR SPOONS, BROOCHES, PINS, Etc. A visit to A. Ross & Co.'s Store will make Souvenir buying a pleasure Fine Watch Repairing a Specialty PORT ARTHUR, O N T . Established 1S72 I. L. MATTHEWS £f CO Dry Goods, Carpets' and House Furnishings; Tents, . Awnings, Blankets, Bedding, Mattresses, Iron Beds and Furniture ; Dress and Mantle Making on the premises ; Furs and Ladies' Ready-to-wear Goods a Specialty. I. L. Matthews ^ Co., PORT ARTHUR, ONT. Cor. Cumberland and I'aik Streets, A. G. SMITH 8z: CO. Wholesale Jobbers of Foreign and Domestic Fruits and Produce PORT ARTHUR, ONT. Call and see our new styles MONTGOMERY is always up-to-date W.Y. Montgomery '^ Merchant Tailor \\ Gents' Furnisher Corner Cumberland and Ambrose Streets, PORT ARTHUR, ONT. W. H. HARDY Neelin Block Dealer in CLOTHING, FURNISHINGS, BOOTS, SHOES, HATS, CAPS, TRUNKS and VALISES The Leading House of Port Arthur WHOLESALE RETAIL The Pigeon River Lumber Co, Manufacturkks and Dkai.krs in B^7riJ Sawed htimbcr. Lath and Shingles Orders and inquiries respe ctfully solicited. PORT ARTHUR, ONT. The Red Cross Drug Store is not as old as the ^'SLEEPING GIANT^' but it has the progressiveness that is born of youth. This store makes a specialty of PURE DRUGS, PERFUMES, TOILET ARTICLES, etc. Tourists will always find here the CHOICEST B0N15ONS for ladies, and the best brands of IMPORTED and DOMES- TIC CIGARS for gentlemen. Remember the Si^n of the Red Cross A. L. SMITH, Dispensing Chemist PORT ARTHUR, ONT. LofC. " We Clothe men from head to foot A. McGILLIS OUR SPECIAL! Shoes to please Women and Children Cumberland Street, PORT ARTHUR, ONT. 78 ESTABLISHED ... 1871 W. J. CLARKE riescription department personally attended [u PORT ARTHUR, O N T. Distinction in Millinery exists more larj^ely in the artistic use ul tlie material than in the material itself. We recognize the value of hi.nh-class ma- terials and use them, but it is the skilltul development of the model that .nives the dis- tinction and individuality to our T r i ni m c d Hats Each one shown, no matter what tliu price, is a model of elegance, simplicity and good taste. M K s. A . M ( ) N r ( ; ( ) i\i k r ^■ iHilUurr FOR T A R T 1 1 U R , ( ) N T . '•'■'Music ixlciids into r"s 'ivhithcr laiigiiagi: canuoi fo/Ioio." — Mkni>1''.1.ssu!IN Headquarters in ALL CANADA for iHaiimt .^ illtsrli (ElitrUrriua OSnmri auii ll;triijlit lUiamni Unmiutnu Jliaunii :: :: Qnlirrtii aui> Dumiuiim (Driiaus AFUSICAL SUIMMJKS OF ALL RINDS J. R. TUCRKR gf CO., ■y:,^,'^u^i"^il If you are in need of anything in the line of Clothing ... Furnishings ... Boots and Shoes Hats and Caps at a saving of from 15 to 25 per cent, try The Port Arthur Clothing Store Harrington's old stand. ALWAYS THE CHEAPEST. Forde Photo Studio For FILMS, PLATES, and all kinds of AMATEUR SUPPLIES Cumberland St., PORT ARTHUR, ONT. F. HILLE Mining Engineer, Assayer and Analytical Chemist MINES AND MINERAL LANDS EXAMINED AND REPORTED ON PORT ARTHUR, ONT. ESTABLISHED 1880 J. F. RUTTAN ... Real Estate Fire and Accident Insurance CROWN LANDS AGENT North side of Arthur Street, PORT ARTHUR, ONT. 80 ELLIOTT & CO. Dealers in Soft Drinks Bottle?-s ^y^ Mineral Waters, Pop, Ginger Ale, Lemon Sour, ete. P O R r A R r H U R , ON T . THE STORE THAT NEVER DISAPPOINTS When you are looking for the best in value and in quality in Dress Goods Linings Trimmings Prints and Ginghams Flannelettes Cottons Carpets Linoleums Curtains and Blinds Mattings Rugs and Mats Sheetings Pillows and Bedding Curtain Poles and everything that a First-rate Dry Goods House should have. Come straight to us, for we lead in values The HKST I'Al'ER I'ATTKKNS ON EARTH, only ten cents each. Dress Making on the premises. Letter orders given our best ]5ers.onal attention. H. B. DAWSON & CO., Port Arthur, Ont. Rutledge & Jackson ARE THE LEADING MEN'S OUTFITTERS A specialty of I^ijie Tailoring at moderate prices Complete lines of women's shoes — '"Qiiccn Quality''' LARGE STOCK OF MEN'S SLATER SHOES ]V c Dress Men from Head to Foot Rutledge M Jackson, \\lll^ , on l INCORPORATED 167O Hudson Bay Co, The (heat Leaders of the Great West Complete stock of DRY GOODS, CLOTHING, BOOTS and SHOES, GROCERIES, CROCKERY and HARD- W^ARE always on hand at the very lowest prices. :: :: Take home a pair of tlic world-renowned HUDSON BAY BLANKETS :: HUDSON BAY CO., Simpson Street FORT WILLIAM, ONT. iFnrt HtUtam iirrrtuni Abljot, C". C, Manager of Montreal Bank Abbot, W. W., Methodist Church Albion Hotel, John Manion, Proprietor Algoma Steam I/aundry Algoma Livery Stable, A. Mireault, Proprietor A. Allen, Mason Amos, F., Stone Mason Andrews, K. K., Butcher Arpin, S. J., Rev. L., Roman Catholic Church Avenue Hotel, E. J. Rochon, Proprietor, Victoria Avenue Avenue Livery Stables, Harrington & Co. ISandin, S. J., Rev. A., Indian Mission Bank of Monti eal, Simpson Street and Victoria Avenue Bank of Ontario, Victoria Avenue Baptist Church, Rev. C. Scott Baptist Mission School, Mrs. Shirk Bell Telephone Co., Victoria Avenue Berdsalj, Dr. W. W., Simpson Street Boreham, A. J,, Ticket Agent C. P. R. Brown, A. H. & Co., Butchers, Victoria Avenue Brown, A. H. (A. H. B. & Co.), Victoria Avenue Brown, G. W., Manager, Gordon, Ironsides & Fares Burlingham, H. C, Manager, Fort William Journal Busheed, F. F., Division Engineer C. P. R. Campbell, A., Chief of Police Campbell, J. F., Blacksmith Campbell, W., Carpenter Cameron, A.. Plumber Cameron, Superintendent C. P. R. Canada Permanent Loan Co., C. W. Jarvis Carpenter & Co., Contractors Cherry, Thomas, Drayman, near Coal Docks Church of England, Rev. E. J. Harper Clarke, F. IL, Druggist, Simpson Street Cleasby, John, Carpenter Collen, IL, Plumber Cook, F., Watchmaker Cooper, O. H., Commission Agent Cooper, Thomas, Machinist Cosgrove, G. F., Lighthouse Keeper Currie, E. C, General Merchant Day, W., Painter, West Fort Dodds, W. J., Police Constable Dow, Thomas, Merchant Dugas, S. J., Rev. A., Indian Mission Dunbar, Thomas, Barber, Victoria Avenue Edwards, W. IL, Blacksmith, West Fort Fairall, W., Watchmaker, Sim])son Street Farncombe, A. E., Mining Engineer, \\'est P'ort Ferguson, A., Carpenter Fluet, 8. J., Rev. A., Roman Catholic Church Fort William Hand Laundry, Victoria Avenue Fraser, J. H., Barber, Victoria Avenue F'raser, W. R., Baker and Confectioner Gibbs, F. E., Dominion Grain Inspector Gifford, W., Blacksmith Gordon, Ironsides & F"ares, Butchers Gorman, Mrs. M. T., Windsor Hotel Gorrie, A. J., Chief Clerk, Superintendent Railways Graham, George, Lumber Merchant Graham & Home, Lumber Mills Guerard, Queen's Hotel, West Fort Hacquoil, G., Butcher Hacquoil, H., Pacific Hotel Hamilton, B. G., Editor Journal ( )ttice Hamilton, R. M., Merchant Hanna, W. L., Baker Harkness, H., Butcher Hartley, George, Broommaker Hogarth, W. Butcher Hogarth, W. F., Merchant Hollingsliead, John, Grain Inspector Hudson Bay Stores, Simpson Street Jarvis, C. W., Manager, Ray, Street & Co. Jarvis, S. J., Bank of Montreal Jerome, S. J., Rev. L., Indian Mission Jones, S. J., Merchant, Victoria Avenue Kaministiquia Hotel, R. Siiiilh, Proprietor King, Joseph L., Presbyterian (!hurch King & Co., Merchants, Victoria Avenue Lanvrgin, S. J., Rev. A., Indian Mission Leach, J. E., Photographer Lewis, H., Tailor Lewis, R., Carpenter Livingstone, J., Collector of Customs Lyone, A., Fruiter Mabee, R. S., Blacksmith MacDonald, A., Cooper ' 84 Maclnwiight, Grain Merchant Manion, John, Albion Hotel Manion, P., St. Louis Hotel Marlatt, H., Manager" Hudson Kay Stores Methodist Church, Rev. W. W. Abbott Methodist Church, Rev. W. W. Woolden Midway Livery, Manion & Murphy Miller, James, (irocer Milner, W., Klacksniith Merault, A., Livery Stal)lc Keeper Mollifan, James, Dairyman Morrison & Co., Grocers Morris, F. R., Barrister, Victoria Block Morton, E. H., Town Secretary and Treasurer Morton, John, General Merchant Morton, W. L., Solicitor McConnell, Thomas, Road Commissioner McCauley, T. H., Hell TelejMione Co. McCreanor, J., Proprietor (Queen's Hotel McClure, I)., Grocer McClure & Hurley, .Simpson .Street McDonald, A., Blacksmith McDonald, James, Baker McGrath, John, Blacksmith McKellar, John, 189 Front Street McKellar, Donald, Mining E.xpert McKellar Peter, F. G. S. & F. G. S. A. McKibben, H. A., Areated Water Factor McLaurin, John, General Merchant McLaurin & Dow, General Merchants McPhalen, F. J., Landing Waiter Newsome, W. H., City Dairy Newbegging, James, Painter Niblock, W., Pleasure boats for Hire Gakley, T. Ed., Harbor Master Pacific Hotel, John Hacciuoii Proprietor Palling, VV., Carpenter Perry, F. C, Lumber Merchant Piper, James, Merchant Piper, T. M., Merchant Piper, R. S., Merchant Piper, W. S., Merchant Presbyterian Church, Rev. King, West Fort Pyette, J., Stone Mason Queen's Hotel, R. Geurard, West Fort 85 Rankin, W., Carpenter Ravieau, James, Blacksmith Ray. Street & Co., Bankers, Simpson Street Reid, M. T., Millwright Rivals, J. S., Barber, Simpson Street Robertson & Leadbetter, Painters Rochon, A., Carpenter Rochon, E. J., Avenue Hotel Robin, Miss E., Storekeeper Robin, T., Storekeeper Romain, A., Stonemason Roman Catholic Chtrch, Rev. Father Arpin Ross & Strachan, Jewelers Rowand, W. S., Presbyterian Church Rumsey, W., Baggage Master, Railway Station Russell, James A., Saddler Russell, P. J., Publisher Rutledge, E., Merchant Rutledge & Jackson, Merchants Rutledge, E. S., Town Clerk Sadler, George, Tobacco Store Salvation Army, Capt. Dwyer Sam Sing, Laundry Sanderson, Alex, Butcher Scott, Rev. C. E., Baptist Church Sherlock, R., Bridge Builder Smith, E., Manitoba Hotel Smith, E. C, Turner Smellie, I)., Surgery Smith, John S., Carpenter Smith, R., Kaministiquia Hotel Proprietor Smith, W. H., Superintendent Water Works Snellgrove Bros., Merchants Sproule, W., Haker Stewartson, C, Drayman Stevens, S., Cat Feed Manufacturer Siinson, J. C, Contractor Symes, F., Deputy Grain Inspector Taylor, D., Feed and Grain Merchant Taylor, J. W., High School Teacher Times, 'I'he Fort William, T. \Y . Rutledge & D. Smith Timbers, J. A., Merchant Todd & Jones, Painters Todd, Frederick, Painter Thorns, A., Bill Poster Thomas, S., Cut Wood Contractor Thompson, .\., Shij) Carpenter Thompson, J., Tinsmith Tiembley, H., l^ootmaker Troutman, R. K., Editor Fort William Times Tuick, [.. Etlitor Times Tulley, W., Ciaiii Merchant Uren, W. J., Train Despatcher Wayland, E. R., Grain Merchant Wells, J. J., Clerk of the Court Western, W^, Stationer Whalen, King & Co. Whitley, J., Painter Wilson, A. H., Teamster Wilson, M. C, Clerk in charge of Postoflice W^ilson, R., W'ater Works Foreman Wilson, W., Lamplighter Winn, John, Barber Wocker, E., Soda W^ater Factory W'right, Thomas, Turner Wright, Willam, Blacksmith LIBRARY OF CONGRESS ^^^' ♦;vf; "jA . K '^/fel