SCHOOL LAW SUPPLEMENT GIVING THE AMENDMENTS AND NEW SCHOOL LAWS AS ENACTED BV THE LEGISLATURE OF 191 G. P. GARY State Superintendent ,MA.DISON, WISCONSIN DX.UOCRAT jPi«-?STi?fG C6mfajs:y. Stats Pvuntkk 1 on 7 SCHOOL LAW SUPPLEMENT GIVING THE AMENDMENTS AND NEW SCHOOL LAWS AS ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF 1917 C. P GARY State Superintendent MADISON, WISCONSIN Democrat Printing Company, State Printer 1917 If'v 25 t9ti OFFICE OF STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF SCHOOLS MADISON, WISCONSIN. To School Officers : This supplement gives the educational acts passed by the legislature of 1917. In eases where an already existing statute has been amended, comparison with the original may be made by noting the statement printed at the conclusion of each act and consulting the section amended, as found in the school law pamphlet of 1915 sent out from this office, or the volume of Wisconsin Statutes for the same year. This pamphlet and the School Law Pamphlet for 1915 should be fastened together in some way. It is not likely that a new and complete edition of the school laws in pamphlet form will be issued until after the legislative session of 1919. By that time a new and complete edition will be necessary. Some of the more important statutes have been repealed and then reenacted and so arranged that the sections relating to the same subject are brought together and appear under one chapter heading. This is especially true of the laws relating to trans- portation (see Chapter 441), creation of districts (Chapter 497), and free high schools (Chapter 563). Chapter 143 is of special interest to school board members, particularly the clerk. Chap- ters relating to appropriations are generally omitted. School officers should get together and read and discuss such of these new laws as may apply to the schools and conditions in their particular district or neighborhood. Chapter 317 demands im- mediate attention. The requirements to be met in order that your school may be successfully placed in the list of first-class rural schools can be found in this pamphlet. School officers, parents, and teachers should keep clearly in mind the fact that this department is organized to meet the call of the public, no matter from what source or along what particular educational lines the call may come. We are here to help. Sincerely yours, C. P. Gary, State Superintendent. SCHOOL LAWS OE WISCONSIN Chapter 5 9. Section 7. The board of directors of each city in which this act shall be applicable is hereby authorized and required to establish and organize so many public schools, in addition to those already established in such city, as may be necessary for the accommodation of the children of the city entitled by the constitu- tion and laws of the state, to instruction therein. The said board, as herein provided, shall erect, purchase, hire or lease buildings, improve or enlarge the same, and purchase furni- ture and lots for the accommodation of such public schools of said city, and purchase, install and maintain heating systems in said schools, and enter into contract for the carrying out of any of the purposes authorized in this act; provided, however, that when the board of directors shall contemplate the doing of any work or the purchasing of any material, the estimated cost of which shall exceed the sum of five hundred dollars, said board of directors shall ad- vertise for proposals for doing the same, a plan or profile of the work to be done, accompanied with specifications for doing the same, or other appropriate sufficient description of the work re- quired to be done, and all the kinds or quality of material to be furnished, being first placed on file in the office of said board for the information of bidders and others. Such advertisement shall be published at least six days in the official papers of such city and shall state the work to be done and the time for doing the same, which shall in all cases be such reasonable time as may be neces- sary to enable the contractor with proper diligence to perform and complete such work. All proposals shall be sealed, and directed to said board and shall be accompanied with a bond to such city in the penal sum not less than thirty per cent, of the amount of the board's estimate of the cost of such work, as such board in such advertisement may direct, or in lieu of said bond shall be accompanied by a certified check to such city in the amount of not less than fifteen per cent, of the amount of the board's estimate of the cost of such work, or in lieu of said bond or said certified check, said proposal shall be accom- panied by cash in the amount of not less than fifteen per cent., of the amount of said board's estimate of the cost of such Work, and such board in letting any such contract and in doing such work shall proceed in manner and form and have the power and author- ity in manner and form as is vested in the board of public works, 6 SCHOOL LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 or other public officer or officers, of any such city for the doing of any public work and the entering into contracts therefor. Such board shall also have authority to reserve the right to reject any and all bids submitted. Such contracts shall run in the name of the said city, and shall be executed and signed by the president and secretary of the board of school directors, countersigned by the comptroller of said city, and shall be approved by the city attorney of the said city, as to form and execution. The selection of sites for school buildings and adoption of plans for the erection of school buildings, shall be determined by a committee consisting of the pres- ident of the board of school directors, the chairman of the commit- tee on buildings of said board of school directors and the superin- tendent of schools who shall be known as the statutory committee on school sites and plans. Their decision shall be subject to the approval of the said board of school directors. The schoolhouses now erected and the lots on which they are situated and the lots now or hereafter purchased for school purposes and the school- houses thereon erected shall be the property of the city; no lot shall be purchased or leased, nor shall any schoolhouse be erected with- out resolution duly passed by the board of school directors. Deeds of conveyance and leases shall be made to the city. The said board shall also have the power to establish and define from time to time the boundaries of all common and high school districts in such manner as they may deem best calculated to pro- mote the interests of the schools. The board shall also have the power, subject to the powers and regulations of the city service commission, to employ all janitors necessary in the schoolhouses of their city and to fix their compen- sation, but the principal of each school shall be custodian of all buildings and rooms occupied by the school over which he presides and shall have the general supervision over the same, and shall di- rect the janitor thereof in relation to the keeping and care of such buildings and rooms. Chapter 71. Section 49 6h — 1. 1. The school board of any school district maintaining a first class state graded school as de- fined in section 496d, which in addition to the regular course of study provided for state graded schools, offers a course of instruc- tion in the ninth or tenth, or in the ninth and tenth grades which has been adopted by the board and approved by the state superin- tendent, shall admit nonresident pupils to the privileges of the ninth or tenth or the ninth and tenth grades in such first-class state graded school whenever the teaching and seating facilities will war- rant, provided that the parents or guardians of such pupils live in a school district not maintaining a public high school or a state graded school of the first class offering instruction in the ninth or tenth or the ninth and tenth grades, and provided such pupils have completed the course of study offered in the home district, which SCHOOL LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 7 must have been at least equivalent to the course of study provided for the common schools of Wisconsin, and who hold a certificate or diploma to that effect signed by the county superintendent of schools of the county in which the parents or guardians reside. In such cases the school board of such school district shall be entitled and is hereby authorized and directed to collect from the town or village in which the parents or guardians of such pupils reside a sum not to exceed one dollar per week as tuition for the number of weeks that each such pupil was enrolled in the said first-class state graded school for the purpose of taking the ninth or tenth or the ninth and tenth grade work as offered in such schools. 2. A statement of the amount of tuition due such first-class state graded school district shall be rendered to the towns and villages in which the parents or guardians of such pupils reside, and the amount shall be levied, collected, and paid in the same manner as tuition is now collected and paid free high school districts for the attendance of nonresident pupils, as provided in sections 49 6j to 49 6o of the statutes. Twenty days of actual attendance, including legal holidays, shall constitute a school month. 3. No school district maintaining a first-class graded school offering a course of instruction in the ninth or tenth or the ninth and tenth grades shall be privileged to collect pay for tuition as provided in this section unless the course of study shall have been approved by the state superintendent, and unless the work done in the ninth or the tenth or the ninth and tenth grades shall have been efficient and approved by the inspector of state graded schools for the year in which the tuition for nonresident pupils is demanded. And provided further that the teaching force in the school shall have been adequate for giving instruction in the first eight grades and in the ninth or tenth or in the ninth and tenth grades, and that the work done in the first eight grades shall have been efficient and up to the standard required for state graded schools as set by the state superintendent. The following points in the above measure are worthy of special attention on the part of a school board of a district which maintains a state graded school of the first class. (a) Tuition not to exceed $1.00 per month may be collected on account of attendance of pupils taking 9th and 10th grade work or work in either of these grades. (b) No tuition can be collected for nonresidents taking 11th year work. (c) If 11th or 12th grade work is desirable, a free high school should be organized. (d) Only nonresidents who have completed the course of study in the home district are privileged to have tuition made a charge upon the outside territory. (e) The statement referred to in paragraph 2 should be made out in detail and sent to the proper authorities on or before the first day of July. There is no reason why this statement should not be made immediately after the close of the school. The principal should assist in making out the bills. It should be directed to the town clerk. He is to place the amount due in the tax roll. The 8 SCHOOL LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 statute commands this and other town authorities are not called upon to take any action. Twenty days' attendance (not enrollment) is to constitute a school month. (f) The course of study for 9th and 10th grade as carried out in the school must have the approval of the inspector of state graded schools, and the teaching force must be sufficient and efficient. This demands much care on the part of the board in selecting teachers, and the exercise of judgment rather than personal interest or finan- cial profit on the part of teachers. Trouble begins for all concerned when the teacher fails. Chapter 97. Section 1408a- — 1. All teachers shall immediately send home any pupil who is habitually unclean and emits offensive bodily odors, or who is infested with lice or other vermin and shall immediately notify, in writing, the clerk of the school board or the superintendent of schools and the parents or guardian of such pupil, of such condition. Chapter 98. Section 573aa. 4. The state board of control is authorized and directed, whenever suitable and reasonable arrange- ments can be made, to transfer any child designated in subsection 1 of this section, or to cause any such child to be committed, to some other appropriate hospital in this state wherein such treatment, surgical assistance and care may be given. Section 573aa. 1. In addition to the classes of children now re- ceived at the state public school for neglected or dependent children at Sparta, pursuant to existing laws, there shall also be received as pupils in the said school, any children under fourteen years of age, residents of this state, who are crippled or deformed in body or otherwise physically defective, or who are suffering from disease through which they are likely to become crippled or deformed or otherwise physically defective, provided, their bodily ailments or diseases are curable by surgical operation or hospital treatment at the school with facilities, appliances, material, equipment and pro- fessional skill and assistants provided therefor, subject only to the limitations contained in the next section. ^Chapter 102. Section 447h. 1. It shall be the duty of each teacher in the public schools of the State of Wisconsin to devote not less than thirty minutes in each month during which the school is in session to instructing the pupils thereof in the habits, useful- ness, and importance of dumb animals and birds, and in the best methods of protecting, preserving, and caring for all animal and bird life. 2. School boards and boards of education having control of the public schools shall take such steps as may be necessary to have the teachers in the schools under their jurisdiction carry out the pro- visions of this section and shall cause suitable material on this sub- ject to be included in the course of study prepared for the guidance of teachers. The above statute affords the teacher a good opportunity to give A-aluable instruction bearing upon the value of certain birds, animals SCHOOL LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 9 and insects with reference to agriculture and horticulture and at the same time calls attention to the enormous destruction of grains and fruits and vegetables and other property, caused by other ani- mals and insects such as rats, moths, certain hutterflies, etc. Chapter 111. Section 475. For the purpose of aiding in the pur- chasing of a site or the erection or purchasing of a schoolhouse or to equip a school building with a heating, lighting and ventilating plant or one or more such plants or to improve or equip such build- ing in any other way, any school district, whether organized under general law, special law, or charter, may, by vote of the electors at any annual or special meeting, called for that purpose authorize the district board, school board or board of education to borrow money, to an amount which shall not in any way exceed the limitations now provided by general law. The resolution to be voted upon shall be in writing, specifying the amount to be borrowed, the purposes for which to be borrowed, the rate of interest, and the time and man- ner of payment, "which shall be in annual instalments, or otherwise, the last of which shall be payable in not exceeding fifteen years from the first day of February next ensuing. Such resolution shall be read to the meeting and the vote taken thereon by ballots. The ballots shall be written or printed, those in favor of the loan: "For the loan"', those opposed: "Against the loan". The resolution and vote shall be recorded, and if adoi)ted by a majority, the district board, school board or board of education shall be thereupon au- thorized to borrow such sum of any person on such terms, and exe- cute and deliver to the lender such obligation therefor and such se- curity for payment, including a mortgage or pledge of any real or personal property of the district, subject to the direction contained in the resolution voted, as may be agreed upon, not prohibited by law, and shall also levy a tax to be annually collected thereafter, sufficient to pay the interest annually on such loan and the annual instalments of the principal, provided to be paid in each year. Any bonds issued by any such school district, to secure any loan which bonds shall have been issued in conformity to law, including the provisions of this section, as amended are hereby declared to be and are valid claims and liens against the school district so issu- ing the same. This chapter empowers the electors of a school district to author- ize the board to borrow money for the purposes named herein from some bank, firm or individual, but not from the trust funds. The statute relating to the borrowing of money from the trust funds will ue foiind in another place. It must be remembered by the electors and school officers that the statute must be strictly complied with and that even though it may sometimes appear that there is an unnecessary amount of red tape in posting and serving notices, presenting the resolutions, etc., etc., there is no other method by which the desired results can be lawfully brought about. Chapter 118. Section 4575. Any owner or keeper of any billiard table, pool table, pigeonhole table or bowling alley kept for gain. 10 SCHOOL, LAWS OP WISCONSIN, 1917 or any agent or servant of such owner or keeper in charge thereof who shall allow or in any manner permit any person under the age of eighteen years except with the written consent of the parent or guardian to play any game thereon, shall be punished by imprison- ment in the county jail not more than ten days or by fine not ex- ceeding twenty-five dollars. While the above chapter is not a school statute it nevertheless re- lates to matters of importance to parents, guardians and others. Chapter 135. Section 425. 1. The annual district meeting in all school districts shall be held on the first Monday of July, unless that be a legal holiday, in which case it shall be held on the next day, at eight o'clock in the afternoon, unless contrary to some special provision in a district organized under a special act, but a different hour may be fixed by the annual district meeting for the next succeeding annual district meeting. 2. Any special district meeting shall be held on the day and hour fixed therefor in the notice. It shall be the duty of the dis- trict board to meet on the Saturday immediately preceding the an- nual meeting to carefully examine the accounts of the treasurer and make a full and itemized report of all receipts and expenditures since the last annual meeting and of the amount in the hands of the district treasurer; the amount of the deficit or bills payable, if any, for which the district is liable; of the amount necessary to be raised by tax upon the district for the support of the school for the ensuing year, and of the amount required to pay the interest or principal of any debt (indebtedness to the state trust funds ex- cepted) due or to become due during the year. This report shall be presented at the annual meeting in writing and shall be read to the electors by the chairman of the meeting. The district clerk shall copy said report with the action taken thereon, and all other business proceedings of the meeting in full, in the "district record book. This chapter provides that the annual meeting shall be held at 8 o'clock in the afternoon but provides that a special district meet- ing may be called at the hour fixed in the notice. Another statute provides that no more than two special meetings may be called dur- ing the same year to consider the same subject. Chapter 143. Section 430. (18) At the annual meeting only, to vote a tax to compensate the treasurer and director, which in districts supporting graded or high schools shall be such sums as may be voted, and in other districts maintaining only one school not more than ten nor less than five dollars to each of the above officers, and in districts maintaining more than one school in sep- arate buildings five dollars for each separate additional school main- tained in a separate building, provided the buildings are at least a mile and a half apart, the distance to be measured by the nearest traveled highway. SCHOOL LAWS OP WISCONSIN, 1917 H Section 462. It shall be the duty of the district clerk, between the tenth and twenty-fifth days of July in each year, to make and transmit to the county or city superintendent, a written report bear- ing date as of the thirtieth day of June, of such year, signed by him and verified by his afiidavit, showing: First. The number, names and ages of children, male and fe- male designated separately, over the age of four and under the age of twenty years residing in the district, and the names of their par- ents, guardians or other persons with whom such children resided, respectively, on the last day of June preceding. But no such chil- dren residing in, held or cared for at any charitable or penal in- stitution of this state shall be included in such enumeration or re- port; and whenever the state superintendent shall receive informa- tion that any such children have been enumerated in the school census of any school district included in the reports made to him, on the basis of which apportionment of money from the school fund income is made, he may require from the district clerk or the sec- retary of the board of education of said district a verified statement of the whole number of children of school age residing in the dis- trict not excluded by the provisions of this section, in such form and manner as the said superintendent may prescribe. Unless the certificate herein provided for shall be made no money shall be ap- portioned for the benefit of said school district. Second. The whole number of children, males and females desig- nated separately, between the ages of four and twenty years taught in the district school during the year for which such report is made by teachers duly qualified. Third. The number attending school during the year under the age of four and the number over the age of twenty years. Fourth. The whole time, in days, any common school has been taught in the district, including holidays, and the whole number of days such school has been taught by teachers qualified according to law, including holidays, and the days the teachers may have at- tended an institute during the year while the school was in session for which no deduction in wages was made by the district board. Fifth. The names of all teachers employed during the year, the number of days taught by each, including holidays, and the monthly wages paid to each, and the time allowed any teacher for attendance on any institute for which no wages were deducted. Sixth. The amount of money received from the town treasurer during the year, designating separately the amount received from apportionment of the school fund income, the amount received from tax levied by county board of supervisors, the amount received from tax voted by the district, and the amount received from all other sources during the year, and the manner in which the same has been expended, showing separately the expenditure of school money received from the state. Seventh. Such other facts and statistics in relation to the schools, public or private, in such district as the state superintend- 12 SCHOOL LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 ent may from time to time require. The clerli of each joint district shall report to the county or city superintendent, as the case may be, the number of children residing in each part of the several towns, villages, or cities embraced in such joint districts. He shall also report the amount of the indebtedness of the district. Upon filing with the county superintendent within the time set by law, a complete and satisfactory annual report setting forth all the facts required by law to be reported to the county or city superintendent, and such other information as may be called for by either the county or city superintendent, the school district clerk in a school district maintaining one or more schools in one or more separate school buildings and not containing an incorporated village or city, and having a school census of one hundred persons or less shall be paid from any moneys in the general fund of the school district treasury of which he is the clerk, the sum of ten dollars for each one-room school maintained by the district; provided, that such schools are more than a mile and a half apart, the distance to be measured by the nearest traveled highway. In a school district maintaining one or more separate schools in separate buildings and not containing an incorporated village or city and haviug a school census of more than one hundred persons and not more than two hundred persons, twenty dollars for the first school and an additional ten dollars for each separate school maintained in a separate build- ing by the district, provided, that such schools are more than a mile and a half apart, the distance to be measured by the nearest trav- eled highway. In a school district maintaining one or more separ- ate schools in separate buildings and not containing an incorporated village or city and having a school census of more than two hun- dred persons and not more than three hundred persons, thirty dol- lars for the first school and an additional ten dollars for each separ- ate school maintained in a separate building by the district; pro- vided, that such schools are more than a mile and a half apart, the distance to be measured by the nearest traveled highway; and in school districts having a school census of more than three hundred persons of school age, or containing an incorporated village or city, or maintaining a high school or graded school, or in districts main- taining town or union high schools, such sum as the body electing the school board of such school district may direct; provided, such school clerk shall file with the district treasurer a certificate signed by the county or city superintendent of schools setting forth that the school census for the year was properly taken, and that all re- ports required by law to be made by school district clerks have been filed on and within the time specified by law and approved. This chapter is of particular interest to school district clerks and secretaries of boards of education. It should be carefully studied by such officers before any move is made in the matter of taking the school census and making the annual report. The blanks sent out by the state superintendent each year contain definite instructions, which if studied, may be readily followed and will save much delay and annoyance. SCHOOL LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 13 Chapter 154. Section 925 — 133. (9) Such other purposes as are authorized by these statutes. No such bonds shall be issued unless authorized by an ordinance adopted by a vote in favor of the same of at least three fourths of all thie members of the common council elect, said vote to be at a regular meeting, not less than one week after the proposed ordinance shall have been published in the official paper of the city. In case of bonds issued for street im- provements, school purposes, waterworks, lighting works for streets and public buildings, hospitals, dredging, docking, river and other harbor improvements, sewerage, parks and public grounds, a vote of the people of the city shall not be required unless within thirty days after the passage by the common council of the city of the or- dinance authorizing the issuing of the bonds for such purposes there shall b6 filed in the office of the city clerk a petition in writ- ing, signed by not less than ten per cent in number of the voters who voted in said city at the last general election, asking for sub- mission of the question of issuing such bonds to a vote of the peo- ple, in which case such question shall be submitted as provided in section 943; provided that no election or vote by the people thereon shall have any validity, or any effect whatever on the action of the common council of any city when the purpose of such bonds is to repair, improve, make additions to, or replace with new buildings any school building or buildings which have been legally condemned or declared to be unfit for school purposes for any reason whatever by the proper authorities, pursuant to the provisions of section 517 of the statutes, and this provision shall apply to any such election where such order or decree made under and pursuant to said section 517 is made and filed at any date prior to the date of any proposed election on such bond issue; provided, that no such bonds shall be issued so that the amount thereof, together with all other indebted- ness of the city, shall exceed five per cent of the assessed valuation of the property therein at the last assessment for the state and county taxes previous to the incurring of such indebtedness; that that all such bonds issued shall be payable at the option of the city in annual installments, the last installment being payable not more than twenty years after their date, and shall bear interest not ex- ceeding six per cent per annum, payable semi-annually, and that the council shall have provided for the collection of a direct annual tax sufficient to pay the interest thereon as it falls due and to pay and discharge the principal thereof within twenty years from the date of the issue of such bonds. The council may also issue nego- tiable bonds constituting a general city liability for the refunding of other bonds or for the funding of general city indebtedness or liability in the following cases: ^Chapter 157. Section 4 3 Of. 1. Whenever any school district having a schoolhouse of one room only shall enroll and have in attendance therein for a period of more than twenty days during any one school term sixty or more pupils, it shall be the duty of the j[4. SCHOOL, LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 electors of said district at the next annual meeting to authorize the district board to make provision for an additional room and an additional teacher for the accommodation and instruction of said children. 2. Failure to comply with this section shall cause the district to forfeit the right to share in the apportionment in that part of the public money which said district would otherwise receive from the seven-tenths mill tax as provided by law. If a school district shows an average daily attendance of any- thing like 60 pupils in a one-room school during the year, the electors should by all means seriously consider the question of or- ganizing a state graded school. The advantages offered by a state graded school both educationally and financially should be seriously considered by the electors in districts having a large school popula- tion, but maintaining a one-room school only. Chapter 165. Section 432. The director, treasurer and clerk shall constitute the district board. In all joint school districts con- taining a city of the fourth class, or an incorporated village, said" district board shall meet on the day following each annual district meeting at the hour of eight o'clock in the afternoon of that day, at the place where the preceding annual meeting was held, and by resolution fix the time and place for holding stated and regular meetings of the board during the ensuing year. A majority of the members shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business and all business transacted pertaining to the district at any such regular meeting shall be lawful, but special meetings of the board may be called by any two members thereof by serving on the other member a written notice of the time and place of such meeting at least twenty-four hours before such meeting is to take place. No act authorized to be done by the board shall be valid unless voted at its meeting and no formal notice of a special meeting shall be re- quired where all members are present and consent to consider mat- ters relating to the district. In all other districts, except where otherwise provided by law, all meetings of the board shall be called in the manner herein provided for calling special meetings. This requires regular meetings of the members of the school board in all villages, and in all cities of the fourth class, (10,000 popula- tion or less) where the village or city is a part of a joint school dirtrict and the provisions apply to all villages and about two-thirds of the cities in the state. Chapter 172. Section 925 — 113a. 4. In all cases where a vote under this section of the statutes has been had during the year 1917, which vote has resulted in favor of the change to the ordin- ary district system of school government, the resolution filed with the city clerk, on which any such election was held shall be sufficient if it was signed by thirty per cent in number of the legal voters of such city school district voting for school officers at the last previous school election. SCHOOL LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 I5 5. Where a vote under this section of the statutes has been had during the year 1917, resulting in favor of a change to the ordinary- district system of school government, the first meeting of said school district for the organization of said district under the ordin- ary system of school government shall be held on the first Monday of July of said year and notice of the place and time of holding said meeting may be given by the city clerk of said city in the manner designated by section 426 of the statutes; and at said first meeting the district shall have power to act upon any and all of the matters specified in section 430 and section 475 of the statutes, whether the notice of said meeting refers to said matters or not. This chapter may be of interest to electors and school officers in small cities. The above is but a small part of chapter 178. Section 431a of the statutes should be studied in connection with this chapter, inasmuch as the method of holding school district meetings provided by said section has proved highly popular wherever adopted. Chapter 178. 1801. Custody, preservation, and delivery of offi- cial property and records. (1) Each and every officer of the state, or of any county, town, city, village, school district, or other munici- pality or district, is the legal custodian of and shall safely keep and preserve all property and things received from his predecessor or other persons and required by law to be filed, deposited, or kept in his office, or which are in the lawful possession or control of him- self or his deputies, or to the possession or control of which he or they may be lawfully entitled, as such officers. (2) Except as expressly provided otherwise, any person may with proper care, during office hours and subject to such orders or regu- lations as the custodian thereof may prescribe, examine or copy any of the property or things mentioned in subsection (1). (3) Upon the expiration of his term of office, or whenever his oifice becomes vacant, each such officer, or on his death his legal representative, shall on demand deliver to his successor all such property and things then in his custody, and his successor shall re- ceipt therefor to said officer, who shall file said receipt, as the case may be, in the office of the secretary of state, county clerk, town clerk, city clerk, village clerk, school district clerk, or clerk or other secretarial officer of the municipality or district, respectively ; but if a vacancy occurs before such successor is qualified, such prop- erty and things shall be delivered to and be receipted for by such secretary or clerk, respectively, on behalf of the successor to be de- livered to such successor upon the latter's receipt. (4) Any person who violates any of the provisions of this section shall, m addition to any other liability or penalty, civil or criminal, forfeit not less than twenty-five nor more than two thousand dol- lars; such forfeiture to be enforced by a civil action on behalf of, and the proceeds to be paid into the treasury of the state, munici- pality, qr district, as the case may be. 16 SCHOOL, LAWS OP WISCONSIN, 1917 Section 3. Sections 978 to 983, inclusive, of the statutes are con- solidated and renumbered to be section 18.02 and revised to read: 18.02 Proceedings to Compel the Delivery of Official Property. (1) If any public officer refuses or neglects to deliver to his suc- cessor any official property or things as required in section 18.01, or if such property or things shall come to the hands of any other person who refuses or neglects, on demand, to deliver the same to the successor in such office, such successor may make complaint thereof to any judge of a court of record for the circuit or county where the person so refusing or neglecting resides. If such judge be satisfied by the oath of the complainant and such other testi- mony as may be offered that any such property or things are with- held he shall grant an order directing the person so refusing to show cause before him, within some short and reasonable time, why he should not be compelled to deliver the same. (2) At the time appointed, or at any other time to which the matter may be adjourned, upon due proof of service of such order, if the person complained against makes affidavit before such judge that he has delivered to such successor all the ofiicial property and things in his custody or possession pertaining to such office, within his knowledge, the person complained against shall be discharged and all further proceedings in the matter before such judge shall cease. (3) If the person complained against does not make such affidavit the matter shall proceed as follows: (a) The judge shall inquire further into the matters set forth in the complaint, and if it appears that any such property or things are withheld by the person complained against the judge shall by warrant commit him to the county jail, there to remain until the delivery of such property and things to the complainant or until he be otherwise discharged according to law. (b) If required by the complainant the judge shall also issue his warrant, directed to the sheriff or any constable of the county, com- manding him in the daytime to search such places as shall be desig- nated in such warrant for such official property and things as were in the custody of the oflacer whose term of office expired or whose office became vacant, or of which he was the legal custodian, and seize and bring them before the judge issuing such warrant. (c) When any such property or things are brought before the judge by virtue of such warrant, he shall inquire whether the same pertain to such office, and if it thereupon appears that they pertain thereto he shall order their delivery to the complainant. This chapiter is a revision and consolidation of several statutes upon the same subject but heretofore found in connection with sections imposing duties on different officials. 'Chapter 187. Section 496h. No more than one such graded school in any village, shall receive state aid as herein provided, nor SCHOOL LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 17 shall any graded school in any incorporated city participate in said state aid. Officers of some state graded school districts may be interested in this chapter. Chapter 189. Section 516m. Whenever the town board of super- visors of any town in which the township system of school govern- ment has been abolished shall have failed to perform the duties imposed upon them by section 516, and the amount of certificates of indebtedness of such abolished township system has never been apportioned to the different districts comprising the territory of such abolished township system, and remains unpaid, and the terri- tory comprising such township system shall have been divided into more than one town or other municipality, the county clerk of the county in which such territory is situated on presentation to and filing with him of any unpaid outstanding certificates of indebted- ness of such abolished system of township school government shall apportion the amount of such unpaid certificates, together with the accrued interest thereon on all the taxable real estate of the terri- tory comprising such abolished township system according to the assessed valuation thereof for the year in which such township sys- tem was abolished, and levy upon each town or municipality com- prising such territory its just and equal share thereof and include the same in the certificate of taxes certified to the clerk of such town or other municipality and charged to such town or municipal- ity. The tax so levied shall be collected and returned to the county treasurer the same as county taxes are collected and returned. After such tax shall have been so levied, collected and returned to the county, the county clerk shall give to the owner of any such certifi- cate or certificates of indebtedness, an order on the county treas- urer for the amount levied for such certificate or certificates, and the treasurer shall pay the same out of the general fund of said county. The township system was abolished by chapter 388 Laws of 1911. Chapter 189 requires that indebtedness, values of school proper- ties, money on hand, etc., at the time any town was divided into inde- pendent districts be apportioned. This statute gives an opportunity at this time to adjust claims and differences. If any adjustments are to be made steps to do so must be taken at once before a statute of limitations takes effect. Chapter 224. Section 553q — 2. It shall be the duty of such agri- cultural representative under the direction and supervision of the special committee on agriculture: (a) To advise and consult with individuals in reference to farm- ing methods; (b) To aid in the development and improvement of agriculture and country life conditions; (c) To offer courses of instruction to young people and adults; 18 SCHOOL, LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 (d) To aid in the formation of cooperative enterprises; (e) To promote better business methods among farmers; (f) To give such assistance as possible in the development of agricultural teaching in the schools of the county; (g) To do other work designed to promote the agricultural or rural development of the county; (h) To keep in touch with all agencies in the state and elsewhere that will enable him to utilize the most improved knowledge in the furtherance of his work; (i) To make an annual report of his activities to the county board. Section 553q — 3. For the partial maintenance of agricultural development of such county under the supervision of such agricul- tural representative, authority is hereby given the county board to raise, by tax levy or otherwise, for periods of not less than two years each, such moneys as may be deemed sufficient to cover the share of the county in such work. In no case shall the amount appropriated by the county for this work be less than one thousand dollars annually. Such moneys shall be disbursed by the county treasurer only upon orders of the county clerk which sha^l have been approved by the special committee on agriculture. Section 553q — 5. For the fiscal year beginning July 1, 1917, this work shall be organized in not to exceed twenty-five counties of the state and for the fiscal year beginning July 1, 1918 and for each year thereafter in not to exceed twenty-eight counties of the state. (Section 20.40) (4) Annually, on July first, twenty thousand five hundred dollars; annually, for four years from July 1, 1913, one thousand dollars; annually, for five years from July 1, 1913, two thousand dollars; on July 1, 1915, eleven thousand dollars; on July 1, 1916, six .thousand dollars, on July 1, 1917, twenty-five thousand dollars and annually, beginning July 1, 1918, twenty- eight thousand dollars, to meet the appropriations from the uni- versity fund income made by paragraphs (c), (d), (e), (h), (i) and (j) of subsection (3) of section 20.41. (Section 20.41) (3) (e) On July 1, 1917, twenty-five thousand dollars, and annually, beginning July 1, 1918, twenty-eight thous- and dollars, for county agricultural development as- provided in sections 553q — 1 to 553p — 8, inclusive. Section 2. A new section is added to the statutes to read: Sec- tion 55 3q — ^6m. The special committee on agriculture shall con- sist of the chairman of the county board of supervisors, the county superintendent or superintendents of schools, and the president of the training school board, except that in counties having no train- ing school, the last member of such committee shall be selected by the county board of supervisors. Chapter 232. Section 411 — 1. The county board of any county within which a state normal school is not located, is hereby au- SCHOOL LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 19 thorized to appropriate money for the organization, equipment, and maintenance of a county training school for teachers of common schools, and for the erection of suitable school buildings therefor. Section 411 — la. In case any county board of supei'visors votes to appropriate money and erect a suitable school building for the use of the county training school for teachers, special state aid, partially to defray the cost of erecting such school building, shall be granted to counties maintaining county training schools, as fol- lows: (1) All plans for the erection of such school buildings shall be submitted to the state superintendent for his approval before the construction of the building shall be commenced, and no state aid shall be granted unless he has approved the plans thus submitted. (2) Upon the completion of the building, the county board of supervisors, through the proper officers, shall notify the state super- intendent that the school building is completed and shall submit to him a certified statement of the actual cost of the erection of the building. (3) If he shall be satisfied that the building has been erected substantially in accordance with the plans submitted, it shall be his duty to certify to the secretary of state aid in favor of the county erecting the building in an amount equal to one-fourth the cost of the erection of the building, provided that not more than three thousand dollars shall be paid as such aid to any one county, and provided, further, that he shall not certify aid for more than two counties in any one school year. . (4) The secretary of state, on receipt of such certificate, shall draw his warrant on the state treasurer, in favor of the treasurer of the county, which shall be paid by the state treasurer. This is of interest to county boards of supervisors inasmuch as it offers a sum not to exceed $3,000 to be paid directly from the treas- ury to aid in the erection of buildings for county teachers' training schools. 'Chapter 234. Section 7 7 6. (1) To vote to raise money for the repair and building of roads or bridges, or either; for the support of the poor and defraying all other charges and expenses of the town; provided, however, that the total taxes levied in any town for any one year for all town purposes, exclusive of school taxes and liabilities heretofore lawfully incurred, shall not exceed in the whole, one per centum of the total assessed valuation of such town for the preceding year, as equalized by the town board of equaliza- tion, unless a larger sum is needed for the building or repairing of highways or bridges, in which case the electors may vote and the proper authorities may levy, not to exceed one-fourth of one per centum in addition to the aforesaid one per centum; provided, further, that not exceeding two per centum additional may be levied for school purposes when under the township system of school gov- ernment. Provided, that in a town having income taxes in its 20 SCHOOL LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 treasury the same may be expended for town anl scliool purposes, regardless of the foregoing limitation. The township system of school government was abolished by the legislature of 1911. Chapter 236. Section 925 — 116m. 1. The board of school di- rectors in any city of the first class is hereby authorized to provide for the transportation in comfortable and convenient vehicles to and from their homes daily on school days to such schoolhouses or rooms as are or may be set apart by said board of school directors for the education of such children, of crippled children and chil- dren who are suffering from physical or mental disabilities who are of school age and living in said city and who may desire to attend school. 2. Said board of school directors shall have power to provide lunches, under such terms and conditions as said board shall de- termine, for said crippled or mentally or physically disabled chil- dren while attending such school. Chapter 237. Section 462. (First paragraph) It shall be the duty of the district clerk, between the tenth and twenty -fifth days of July in each year, excepting in cities of the first class where the school census shall be taken between March first and June first of each year, to make and transmit to the county or city superintend- ent, a w^ritten report bearing date as of the thirtieth day of June, or the thirtieth day of May in cities of the first class, of such year, signed by him and verified by his affidavit, showing: First, The number, names and ages of children, male and female designated separately, over the age of four and under the age of twenty years residing in the district, and the names of their par- ents, guardians or other persons with whom such children resided, respectively, on the last day of May or June preceding. But no such children residing in, held or cared for at any charitable or penal institution of this state shall be included in such enumera- tion or report; and whenever the state superintendent shall receive information that any such children have been enumerated in the school census of any school district included in the reports made to him, on the basis of which apportionment of money from the school fund income is made, he may require from the district clerk or the secretary of the board of education of said district a verified statement of the whole number of children of school age residing in the district not excluded by the provisions of this section, in such form and manner as the said superintendent may prescribe. Un- less the certificate herein provided for shall be made no monej shall be apportioned for the benefit of said school district. (20.24) (4) Annually, within thirty days after the tenth day oJ December, the state superintendent shall ascertain an aggregate amount consisting of (a) all moneys in the common school fund SCHOOL LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 21 income received prior to tlie first day of December in tlie same year, (b) ttie two hundred thousand dollars appropriated thereto from the general fund by section 20.25 of the statutes, (c) all moneys thereafter to accrue thereto from the state tax levied in the same year by section 20.25 of the statutes, including interest charges accruing thereon or to be collected therewith as special charges Prom the total of items (b) and (c) he shall deduct the estimated total of all appropriations made therefrom by section 20.25. The remainders of items (b) and (c), together with all of item (a), he shall apportion among the several counties, and the towns, villages, and cities therein, except as prescribed in subsection ( 5 ) , in pro portion to the number of children resident therein between the ags of four and twenty years, as shown by the reports made to the state superintendent for the year preceding, ending June thirtietb or May thirtieth as the case may be. This changes the time for taking the school census in cities of the first class only. It also changes the time when the state superintend- ent may certify the annual apportionment to towns, villages and cities. Chapter 260. Section 439b. 2. When of his personal know- ledge, or by report or complaint from any resident of the city, or by report or complaint as provided herein, a truant officer believes that any child is unlawfully and habitually absent from elementary school, continuation school, or any other school which the minor is by law compelled to attend, provided the minor is not otherwise re- ceiving instruction as provided in section 43 9a as amended, he shall immediately investigate and render all service in his power, to compel such child to attend some public, parochial or private school which the person having control of the child shall designate, or if over fourteen and under sixteen years of age to attend school or become regularly employed at home or elsewhere, and upon fail- ure he shall serve a written notice as required in section 4 of this act and proceed as hereinafter provided against the person having charge of such child. And in all towns and villages the sheriff of the county, his undersheriff and deputies shall be the truant offi- cers, and it shall be the duty of all truant officers named in this section to enforce the provisions of this act as provided herein. Gives additional powers to truant officers and should be studied by school boards. "Chapter 269. Section 450e. 1. After September 1, 1919, every person to obtain any form of a license or certificate to teach in any public school in this state shall have completed at least two years of work in a high school having a four-year course of study, or the full and fair equivalent of such work, and in addition thereto shall have completed at least one year of instruction and training pre- paratory to the work of teaching; after September 1, 1921, every 22 SCHOOL LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 191? person to obtain any form of a license or certificate to teach in any- public ischool in the state shall have completed a four-year high school course of study, or a full and fair equivalent thereof, and in addition thereto shall have completed at least one year of in- struction and training preparatory to the work of teaching. Pro- vided that none of the restrictions mentioned in this subsection shall apply to any person who has had prior to September 1, 1919, at least one year's experience in teaching in a public school, or who holds an unexpired license or teacher',s certificate. Any person to obtain any form of license to teach in any public school in any city or county of the state shall meet all other legal requirements for teachers' certificates. Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to limit the powers conferred by law upon the state board of exam- iners, and upon the state superintendent in the issuance of state licenses and state certificates, upon the recommendation of the state board of examiners or upon the state superintendent in the issuance of state licenses and state certificates authorized by law. 2. The additional year of instruction and training beyond high school graduation, or its equivalent may be obtained at a Wiscon- sin state normal school, a county training school for teachers, a Wisconsin high school offering a course legally authorized and es- tablished for the training of teachers, or in any public school in rank above high school offering a course for the training of teach- ers equivalent to that offered in the state normal schools of Wis- consin. 3. The one year of additional instruction required in this section shall include a review of the branches required by law to be taught in the common schools of the state, a study of the manual of the course of study, school management, and at least ten weeks each of observation and practice teaching, and such other studies as may be required by the state superintendent of public instruction. 4. Whenever the supply of legally qualified teachers in any county has been exhausted, the county or city superintendent, with the approval of the state superintendent, may issue certificates upon examination to as many persons, who do not have the foregoing qualifications, as are necessary to supply the schools in said county, Is of importance to persons who are preparing themselves for teaching and should receive attention by teachers and school officers. Chapter 284. 20.24 (5) (b) No apportionment shall be made to any city, village or town for any school district therein for any year during which such district shall not have maintained a common school taught by a qualified teacher, at a salary of not less than forty-five dollars per month, for at least eight months; unless the state superintendent shall be satisfied that such school was maintained and so taught for at least three months, and the failure to maintain and so teach it for eight months was occasioned by some extraordinary cause not arising from intention or neglect on SCHOOL LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 23 the part of the responsible officers. Time spent by the teacher or teachers of such district in attendance upon an institute in the county, shown by due reports to have been allowed by the district board without deduction from such teacher's wages shall be counted as part of such eight months. Fixes the minimum wage of teachers at $45 per month. It will become the duty of school district boards to amend any contracts in accordance with this law when such contracts already are based upon the former minimum wage of |40 per month. Chapter 285. Section 439a. 1. Any person having under his control any child between the ages of seven and fourteen years, or any child between the ages of fourteen and sixteen years not regu- larly and lawfully employed in any useful employment or service at home or elsewhere, shall cause such child to be enrolled in and to attend some public, parochial or private school regularly (regular attendance for the purpose of this statute shall be an attendance of twenty days in each school month, unless the child can furnish some legal excuse), in cities of the first class during the full period and hours of the calendar year (religious holidays excepted) that the public, parochial or private school in which such child is en- rolled may be in session; in all other cities not less than eight school months; and in towns and villages not less than six school months in each year, and all children subject to the provisions of this act shall be enrolled in some public, parochial or private school within one school month after the commencement of the school term in the district in which such children reside, except that in cities of the first class such children shall be enrolled at the time of the opening of the school which they will attend (and the word "term," for the purposes of this act, shall be construed to mean the entire time that school is maintained during the school year) ; pro- vided that this section shall not apply to any child not in proper physical or mental condition to attend school, who shall present the certificate of a reputable physician in general practice to that ef- fect, nor to any child who lives in country districts more than two miles by the nearest traveled road from the schoolhouse in the dis- trict where such child resides, except that children between the ages of nine and fourteen living between two and three miles from school by the nearest traveled road shall attend school regularly at least sixty days during the year; provided that if transportation is furn- ished by the district this exemption as to distance shall not apply, nor shall this section apply to any child who shall have completed the course of study for the common schools of this state or the first eight grades of work as taught in state graded or other graded schools of Wisconsin, and can furnish the proper diploma, certifi- cate, or credential showing that he has completed, one of said courses of study, or its equivalent. Instruction during the required period elsewhere than at school, by a teacher or instructor selected by the person having control of such child shall be equivalent to 24 SCHOOL LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 scliool attendance, provided that such instruction received else- where than in school be at least substantially equivalent to instruc- tion given to children of like ages in the public, parochial or priv- ate school where such children reside. Any person who shall vio- late the provisions of this section shall upon conviction thereof, be punished by a fine of not less than five dollars nor more than fifty dollars, together with costs of prosecution, or by imprisonment in the county jail not exceeding three months, or by both such fine and imprisonment in the discretion of the court, for each offense. It shall be the duty of the district attorney and his assistants to prosecute in the name of the state all violations of the provisions of this section. Any person who shall be proceeded against under the provisions of this section may prove in defense that he is unable to compel the child under his control to attend school or to work, and he shall be thereupon discharged from liability, and such child shall be proceeded against as incorrigible, or otherwise, according to law, and in case of commitment, if the parents or person having control of such child desire it, such child shall be committed to a school or association controlled by persons of the same religious faith as such child, which is willing and able to receive and main- tain it without compensation from the public treasury. When in any proceedings under this section there is any doubt as to the age of any child, a verified baptismal certificate or a duly attested birth certificate shall be produced and filed in court. In case such cer- tificates cannot be secured, upon proof of such fact, the record of age stated in the first school enrollment of such child or first school enrollment to be found shall be admissible as evidence thereof. 2. Prosecutions for violation of this section may also be brought in the juvenile court in and for the county in which such violations occur, and said court is hereby granted full and concurrent juris- diction thereof. XJhapter 28 5. Teachers, parents, school officers, and truant offi- cers should become familiar with the provisions of this act. It re- quires the attendance of children between 9 and 14 years of age in certain cases. It is the duty of the Industrial commission to con- sider violations. Chapter 317. Section 560g. Every school district not composed- wholly or in part of an incorporated village or city, and any school district in which all of the school buildings are located outside the corporate limits of any city or village, which shall have maintained a school or schools for nine months the previous year, provided a suitable school building, or buildings, and outbuildings, needful apparatus, supplementary readers, and installed an adequate sys- tem of ventilation, and done efficient work, shall, for the purposes of this act, be deemed to have maintained a rural school or schools of the first class, provided that state graded schools organized and maintained under section 49 6d of the statutes shall not be consid- ered rural schools of the first class. SCHOOL LAWS OF WISCONSIN. 1917 25 Section 560h. Any district maintaining a rural school or schools of the second class shall be entitled to a share in all state and county school moneys. Any district maintaining a rural school or schools of the first class shall be entitled, in addition to the moneys specified for rural schools of the second class, to special state aid to the amount of fifty dollars annually, provided the district has fully complied with the provisions of sections 560g, 5601, 560j, 560k, and 5601. Section 5601. To each district which shall comply with all the provisions of sections 560g, 560h, 560i, 560j, and 560k, and whose application for aid shall have been approved by him, the state sup- erintendent shall apportion the sum of fifty dollars for each rural school of the first class maintained by said district which shall be paid in the same manner as other forms of special state aid are now paid. This chapter amends sections 560g, 5 6 Oh, 560i and restores the fifty dollar per year special aid law for certain schools under certain conditions mentioned in section 2. It must also be understood that it is possible for a school district to come under this statute one year and fail the next owing to the fact that the teaching has not been efficient, or that nine months of school has not been maintained. What shall be considered as constituting a first-class rural school will likely be mentioned in a special leaflet. X;3hapter 340. Section 515g. 1. The school board of any school district or the board of education of any city. In addition to the powers now conferred upon them by law, may provide for the ex- change of any teacher employed by such board for a teacher of any school district of any other state. No such exchange shall be for a longer period than one year and any teacher of this state so ex- changed shall be deemed to have taught during said period in the school district in which he or she was employed at the time the ex- change was made. 2. Any teacher from another state, taking the place of a Wiscon- sin teacher in accordance with the provisions of subsection 1 of this section, shall be assessed, for the benefit of the Wisconsin teachers' insurance and retirement fund, the full amount which would other- wise have been assessed against the Wisconsin teacher so exchanged. Such assessment shall be credited to the Wisconsin teacher ex- changed in accordance with the provisions of subsection 1 of this section. This is a peculiar law. It may be of some interest to venturesome teachers who desire a change of environment. Chapter 343. 20.32. (1) (c) For each such pupil residing within the state but not within the district or city maintaining the day school, who finds it necessary to pay for board or transporta- tion, or both, in or to such district or city, in order to attend such school, and who while so boarding or being transported attends 26 SCHOOL, LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 the day school for a period of at least nine months, an additional one hundred twenty-five dollars; provided such expense for board or transportation, or both, is not borne by the parent or guardian of such child. (20.32) (3) Such moneys shall be carried as special funds for each such school. The school board or board of education may use such part thereof as it shall find necessary, for board and transpor- tation of pupils as specified in paragraph (c) of subsection (1), or in payment for medical examination or treatment of any pupil in such day school in case the parent or guardian is financially unable to pay for such services; and the state aid for day schools for the blind may be applied in part for instruction in music and manual training, and for material and printing in connection with the work of the school. Any surplus at the end of the year shall remain available until expended; provided, in case any school board or board of education shall discontinue such day school, any balance remaining in said fund after the payment of the expense of main- taining such day school shall be returned to the state treasurer. Section 579m. 1. Any parent or guardian having under his con- trol a deaf or blind child between the ages of six and eighteen years who is incapacitated for attending a common school, shall cause such child to attend some public, private, parochial, or state school established for the instruction and education of the deaf or blind, for a period of at least eight months during each school year, provided this shall not apply to any child over sixteen years of age who shall have completed the eighth grade or who shall be regu- larly employed in a gainful occupation. Chapter 344. Section 560g — 1. 1. If any school district not composed wholly or in part of an incorporated village or city, or any school district in which all of the school buildings are located outside the corporate limits of any city or village shall have re- tained or shall hereafter retain any teacher after the first year, such teacher shall be entitled to receive state aid as follows, provided such teacher is not employed in a graded school of two or more de- partments or in a high school in such district: if such teacher shall be retained for and shall have successfully taught such school dur- ing a second year, two dollars per month for each month of such year during which the school maintained in such district is taught by such teacher; if for a third year, four dollars for each such month; and if for a fourth or any succeeding year, eight dollars, for each such month. 2. If any school district not composed wholly or in part of an incor- porated village or city, or any school district in which all of the school buildings are located outside the corporate limits of any city or village in which the school shall have been successfully taught for the whole or part of any year by a teacher who is a graduate from a rural school course of two years beyond high school graduation SCHOOL LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 27 in any normal school or county training school of this state, or equivalent thereof, such teacher shall be entitled to special state aid of ten dollars for each month during which such school is taught by such teacher. For each succeeding year that such teacher shall be retained and shall continue to teach such school successfully, he or she shall be entitled to special state aid in the sum of fifteen dollars for each such month, provided that no aid under this subsection shall be paid to any teacher employed by such district in a graded school of two or more departments or in a high school maintained by such district. Any person receiving state aid under the provisions of this subsection shall not be entitled to state aid under the provi- sions of subsection 1 of this section. 6. If upon the indorsement of the county or district superintend- ent upon an application for state aid or upon an appeal therefrom the state superintendent shall be satisfied that such teacher is en- titled to state aid, he shall approve said application and at the close of the school year certify to the secretary of state the name of the teacher and the amount due such teacher under the provisions of this section stating whether the claim is allowed under subsection 1 or subsection 2 of this section. The secretary of state shall thereupon draw his warrant upon the state treasurer for the amount of such claim in favor of the said teacher. The state treasurer shall mail a draft in favor of each such teacher to the county or district superintendent in whose district the teacher has taught. Such county or district superintendent shall forthwith transmit such draft to the teacher entitled thereto. 7. It shall be the duty of each county or district superintendent to keep a complete record of all applications approved by him show- ing separtely the claims allowed under subsection 1 and under sub- section 2 of this section, and of all payments made under the pro- visions of this section showing the name of the teacher, the length of time such teacher has taught, the district in which he or she has taught, and the school or schools where such teacher received his training. The state superintendent of public instruction shall in- clude in his reports a statement of the moneys disbursed under the provisions of this section. This chapter amends subsections 1, 2, 6 and 7 of section 560g— 1. This law is commonly known as the two, four, eight dollar law. The apportionment to th« rural school teachers is made directly from the state treasury to the county superintendents in behalf of the teachers. It will be noted that the teacher who receives this special aid must be employed in a school, the buildings of which are located outside the corporate limits of a village or city and furthermore that the aid is not given to any teacher employed in a state graded school or a high school under any conditions. Chapter 359. Section 388. Any student who shall have been a resident of the state for one year next preceding his first admission to the university, or any student whose parents have been bona ''fide residents of this state for one year next preceding the begin- 28 SCHOOL, LAWS OP WISCONSIN, 1917 ning of any semester for which such student enters the university, shall be entitled to exemption from fees for tuition, but not from incidental fees in the university. Any student who shall not have been a resident of the state for one year next preceding his first ad- mission to the university, except as above provided, shall not be exempt from the payment of the tuition fees until he shall have at- tended the university for four academic years; but if he shall have attended the university for one academic year and the next three years shall have been spent as a resident of this state; or if he shall have attended the university for two academic years and the next two years shall have been spent as a resident of this state; or if he shall have attended the university for three academic years and the next year shall have been spent as a resident of this state, he shall be entitled to exemption from payment of the tuition fees upon reentering the university. The regents shall charge tuition at the rate of one hundred and twenty-four dollars per school year for any student who shall not have been exempted by any of the provisions of this section, and may prescribe rates of tuition for teaching extra studies, and for students in the university extension, and summer session divisions. However, the regents of the uni- versity may remit either in whole or in part tuition, but not inci- dental fees, to a number of needy and worthy nonresident students, not exceeding eight per cent of the number of nonresident students registered in the preceding year, upon the basis of merit, to be shown by suitable tests, examinations or scholastic records and continued high standards of scholastic attainment. Chapter 388. Section 3327a. All contracts involving one hun- dred dollars or more hereafter made or let for the performance of any work or labor or furnishing any materials when the same per- tains to or is for or in or about any public building, public improve- ment, public road, alley or highway, or any other public work of whatsoever kind of the state, or of any county, city, village, town, school district, or of any public board or body, shall contain a pro- vision for the payment by the contractor of all claims for such work and labor performed and materials furnished, and no such contract shall hereafter be made or let unless the contractor shall give a good and sufficient bond, the penalty of which shall not be less than the contract price, conditioned for the faithful performance of the contract, and the payment to each and every person or party en- titled thereto of all the claims for work or labor performed, and materials furnished for or in or about or under such contract, such bond in the case of the state to be approved by the governor, of a county by its district attorney, of a city or village by its attorney, if it has one, and if not, then by the mayor or president, respec- tively, thereof, of a town by its chairman, of a school district by the director or president of the school board, and in case of any other public board or body by the presiding officer thereof. No assign- SCHOOL LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 29 ment, modification or change of the contract, or change in the work covered thereby, nor any extension of time for completion of the contract shall release the sureties on said bond. Any party in interest may, within one year after the completion and acceptance of said contract, maintain an action in his own name against such contractor and the sureties upon such bond required by this section for the recovery of any damages he may have sus- tained by reason of the failure, refusal or neglect of said contractor to comply with the aforesaid terms and conditions of said contract or any of the terms and conditions of the contract between said con- tractor and subcontractors. If the amount realized on said bond be insufficient to satisfy all of the claims of the parties in interest in full, such amount shall be distributed among said parties pro rata. This chapter is of interest to all parties entering into contracts for public buildings. School boards must take notice of its provisions. "Chapter 403. Section 454a. 1. All persons who apply to the state board of examiners for a state license on the basis of work done in, or graduation from, an institution located outside the state of Wisconsin, shall pay a fee of one dollar for the examination of their papers, records, and credentials. All such persons, before re- ceiving a state certificate, shall pay an additional fee of one dollar before a state certificate shall be issued. 2. The fee for the examination of the papers by the state board of examiners, and the fee for the issuance of a state certificate, shall be payable to the state superintendent of public instruction. Section 20.23. There is appropriated from the general fund to the state board of teachers' examiners, annually, beginning July 1, 1917, one thousand dollars, for the execution of its functions. All moneys received by each and every person for or in behalf of said superintendent under the provisions of section 454a shall be paid within one week after receipt into the general fund, and are appro- priated therefrom and added to this appropriation. Of this there is allotted to each member of said board a per diem of five dollars per day for time actually and necessarily spent in going to, hold- ing, and returning from examinations, and his actual and necessary traveling expenses incurred in the discharge of his official duties. This chapter creates a new section requiring that all persons who apply to the State Board of Examiners for a state license on the basis of work done in, or graduation from, an institution located outside the state of Wisconsin, shall pay a fee of one dollar for the examination of their papers, records and credentials. Such persons receiving a state license are qualified legally to teach in the public schools of this state for one year, which may be renewed for a second year upon presentation of evidence of satisfactory experience. At the close of two years of successful teaching, on a license, in the public schools of this state, a life state certificate may be issued, for which an additional fee of one dollar is charged. 30 SCHOOL LAWS OF WISCONSIN. 1917 Cliapter 405. Section 411 — 4. The state superintendent shall give such information and assistance as may seem necessary in or- ganizing and maintaining such training schools. He shall prescribe the course of study to be pursued; shall have the general supervi- sion of all schools established under this section; shall from time to time inspect the same, make such recommendations relating to their management as he may deem necessary, and make such re- ports thereon as shall give full information concerning their num- ber, character, and efficiency; provided, that he shall not place upon the said list more than thirty-five schools. (20.31) (2) (a) The state superintendent shall keep a list of not more than thirty-five of such training schools, whose course of study and the qualifications of whose teachers have, on application, been approved by him; and any such training school once entered on such list may remain listed and be entitled to state aid so long as the scope and character of its work are maintained in such man- ner as to meet his approval. Chapter 412. Section 391. 1. The board of regents of the state university is hereby authorized to establish and to maintain, when sufficient funds are available, a training school for public service. Such school shall be a professional school and shall be devoted to practical training for the administrative service of the state of Wis- consin or of any county or municipality therein, or of civic organi- zations. 2. Persons who have satisfactorily completed the work required in the training school for public service shall, upon graduation, re- ceive a proper university degree and a diploma in public adminis- tration stating the particular character of their training. No per- son shall receive such diploma unless at least one-third of his total credits in such school shall be for actual work in municipal, county, or state departments or in quasi-public work and unless he shall have submitted a thesis dealing with an actual problem of munici- pal, county or state service based on actual service in or contact with such service and approved by the head of the department of such municipality, county or state with which such problem is prin- cipally concerned. 3. Any member of the faculty of the university of Wisconsin may be required, under rules prescribed by the regents, to give instruc- tion in such school. 4. Such school shall provide adequate supplementary training for persons now in county, municipal or state service. Chapter 416. Section 553p — 14. 1. The said board shall es- tablish and maintain the necessary courses for the thorough in- struction and training of teachers in the principles and practice of the industrial arts and of home economics and household arts. Such courses shall include such instruction in the comprehension and SCHOOL LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 31 use of the English language, in mathematics, science, history, liter- ature, economics, and sociology, with special reference to the bear- ing of such instruction upon the teaching of the industrial arts and of home economics and household arts, as shall give not only tech- nical instruction and training for the vocation of teaching but also the instruction needed for good citizenship and for a broad and sympathetic knowledge and appreciation of the reciprocal rights, duties, and relations of the individual, the state, and society and of the conditions for results in production and in the distribution of the products of industry which are essential to give the greatest efBjCiency and the largest measure of justice to every individual. 2. Such courses shall be established as four-year courses. Stu- dents who shall satisfactorily complete such courses shall receive from the Stout Institute, under the seal of the institute, the degree of bachelor of science in industrial arts and in home economics and household arts. This chapter enlarges the courses of study at Stout Institute, Me- nomonie, gives the privilege of granting the degree of Bachelor of Science. This institute is by this act of the legislature recognized as being on an equal footing with other technical schools and col- leges in this and other states. Chapter 427. Section 48 6t. The board of education of any city, however .organized, or the district board of any school district may provide lunches for children attending the public schools at a price to cover the cost of the food, provided that indigent children or children of poor parents may receive such lunches at such a price and under such conditions as the board of education or the district board may determine; provided, further, that the conditions under which, and the pupils to whom, such food is furnished at less than cost, shall not be disclosed to any other pupils. This chapter authorizes boards of education and district boards to provide lunches for school children and restricts the price that may be charged therefor. The purpose of this law is to keep the children in such physical condition that they may be able to do satisfactory school work. School work, like any other work, requires that the worker shall be well fed and nourished. Chapter 43 6. Section 553p — 4. 3. The rate of tax levied for the purposes of sections 553p — 1 to 553p — 15, inclusive, in any town, village or city shall not in any one year exceed three-fourths mill for the maintenance of all schools created under said sections. Sections 553p — 1 to 553p — 15 relate to industrial and continua- tion schools maintained under the supervision of the State Industrial board. The former aid was one-half mill on the dollar. This in- creases the appropriation 50%. X;!hapter 438. Section 427. 1. Special meetings shall be called by the clerk, or in his absence by the director or treasurer, on the 3.2 SCHOOL LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 written request of five legal voters of the district, and notices thereof specifying particularly the business to be transacted shall be posted in the manner prescribed for calling the annual meeting; and the electors when lawfully assembled at a special meeting shall have power to transact the same business as at the first or the an- nual meeting, except the election of officers, voting a tax to com- pensate the clerk and authorizing a change in textbooks. But no more than two such meetings to consider the same subject shall be held in the district in the same school year. No tax or loan or debt shall be voted at a special meeting unless three-fourths of the legal voters shall have been notified either personally or by a written notice left at their places of residence, stating the time, place and objects of the meeting, and specifying the amount proposed to be voted, at least six days before the time appointed therefor, exclus- ive of the day on which the meeting is to be held. 2. If the school district includes within its boundaries all or part of a city or an incorporated village, it shall be lawful to give notice of special or annual school meetings by publication in a newspaper, if one be regularly published in the city or village. Such notice shall be printed in two issues one week apart, the last of which shall be published and mailed not more than eight days and not less than one day before the day the election is to be held, such day not to be counted. The special meeting shall be held at the hour fixed in the notice, but if no hour is fixed the meeting shall be held at eight o'clock in the afternoon. Publication of notice does not avoid posting the notices as required by statutes in force. It shall also be lawful for the school board to pay the cost of publication at legal rates from the district treasury.] 3. If a new district is created, the first meeting of the electors as provided by law shall be deemed an annual meeting. This chapter amends section 427 and provides that two special school meetings to consider the same subject may be held during the year. Heretofore the statute restricted the electors to one special meeting. It is also provided in this chapter that in cases where the school district embraces a village or city, the notice of special meet- ings or annual meetings may be given by publication. It is the inten- tion of this part of the law to avoid the necessity for serving notices personally or by copies left at places of residence upon at least three- fourths of the electors of these usually heavily populated districts when it is possible to give such notices in accordance with the above statutory provisions. Chapter 441. Section 430 — 1. 1. It shall be the duty of the school board of any consolidated rural school district formed in ac- cordance with the provisions of sections 49 6 — 1 to 49 6 — 8, to pro- vide transportation to and from such consolidated school for the en- tire school year for all children between the ages of six and sixteen in the district residing more than two miles from such consolidated school. 2. It shall be lawful for the electors of any school district to au- SCHOOL LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 33 thorize the district board to provide transportation to and from scliool for any or all of the children of school age residing in the dis- trict for whom transportation is not required by law. In any school district where the electors have failed or refused to provide transpor- tation for children living more than two miles from the school in the home district and from a school in an adjoining district, the parent or guardian of any such child may transport him to school in the home district or to a school in an adjoining district, and shall be paid for such services by the district in which he resides at the rate of twenty cents per day for each child so transported, provided the child while being so transported attended school for not less than five months. In all such cases the transportation must be safe, com- fortable and convenient. The district shall be reimbursed ten cents per day for each such child who while being transported attended school for at least five months. The aid shall be paid by the state as provided in sections 430 — 5, 430 — 6 and 430 — 9, of tlie stautes. 3. It shall be the duty of the school board of any district in which the electors have voted to suspend all of tlie schools in the district to provide for the payment of the tuition of all children of school age residing in the district who desire to attend school in some ad- joining district or districts during such time as the district school is suspended, and to provide transportation to and from school for a period of at least six months during the school year or for such time as the district school is suspended, for all children between the ages of six and sixteen residing more than one mile from the nearest scliool. Section 430 — 2. In all cases where the electors of any district at the annual meeting or at a subsequent special meeting prior to the third Monday of November fail to levy a tax sufficient to pay for the tuition or transportation or both required by law, or authorized by the electors, the school board, on or before the Wednesday next following the said third Monday in November, shall determine the sum necessary to pay for tuition or transportation, or both, as the case may be, and the district clerk shall at once certify to the town or village clerk the amount so fixed and when so certified to the town or village clerk such amount shall be levied and collected as other district taxes are now levied and collected. Section 430 — 3. It shall be the duty of the board of any school district, when authorized by the electors or required by law to pro- vide transportation, to enter into written contracts in the name of the district with the parents or guardians or other persons for trans- porting or providing for the transportation to and from school of all persons of school age who attend and who are entitled to transpor- tation. Such contracts must provide that the children shall be ac- tually transported in a safe and comfortable manner in a convey- ance provided with protection against cold and inclement weather. The driver of each conveyance shall be of good moral character, trustworthy, and responsible. Such driver shall have control of the 34 SCHOOL LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 children and be responsible for their good behavior while going to and returning from school. He shall not use profane or improper language and shall prohibit the use of such language on the part of the children. He shall report all cases of insubordination to the parents and to the teacher or principal of the school. In all cases where a contract is entered into with a person other than the parent or guardian of the children to be transported, such person shall file a bond in the sum of three hundred dolla,rs running to the school dis- trict with approved sureties in double the amount; said bond to be forfeited to the district in case of failure of such person to provide transportation in accordance with terms of the contracts, as speci- fied in this section. Section 430 — 4. If in the judgment of the school board of any district it is to the interest of the district to provide board and lodg- ing in lieu of transportation for all or a part of the period for which transportation has been authorized by the electors or is required by law for children residing more than four miles from the nearest school in the home district or in an adjoining district, it shall be le- gal and shall be the duty of such school board to make arrange- ments whereby such children shall be boarded in a suitable place not more one mile from a school. The school board shall make a contract with the person or persons with whom such child or chil- dren board, and shall pay for the board and lodging of such pupil or pupils out of the fund provided for transportation, provided the amount so paid for board and lodging of any child shall not exceed two dollars and seventy-five cents per school week of five days. Section 430 — 5. The school board of the district in which the pupil resides and the principal teacher of the school in which the pupil is enrolled shall on or before the first day of August of each year make under oath a report giving the name of each pupil trans- ported more than two miles; the number of days transportation was provided for such pupil; the number of days such pupil attended while being transported; the distance from the home of such pupil to the school; the amount paid for transportation, to whom paid, and such other information as the state superintendent may require. In case board and lodging have been provided in accordance with section 43 — 4, said report shall give the name of each pupil so boarded and lodged, the number of days such pupil attended while being boarded, the distance from the home of such pupil to the nearest school in the home district or an adjoining district, distance from the board- ing place to the school attended, the amount paid for board and lodging, to whom paid, and such other information as the state su- perintendent may require. Section 430 — 6. Upon receipt of such report, if the state super- intendent shall be satisfied that transportation or board and lodging have been provided in accordance with law, he shall certify to the secretary of state the amount due such district on account of provid- ing transportation or board and lodging, or both, said amount to be determined as follows: SCHOOL, LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 35 (1) For each pupil residing more than two miles and not more than three miles from the school for whom transportation was pro- vided for at least six months, or for such time as required by law, and who attended not less than five months while being so trans- ported, ten cents per day for each day attended while being trans- ported. (2) For each pupil residing more than three miles but not more than four miles from school for whom transportation was provided, for at least six months or for such time as required by law, and who attended not less than five months while being transported, fifteen cents per day for each day attended while being transported. (3) For each pupil residing more than four miles from school for whom transportation was provided for at least six months or for such time as required by law, or who, residing more than four miles from the nearest school in the home district or in an adjoining dis- trict, was boarded in accordance with the provisions of section 430 — 4, and who attended not less than five months while being trans- ported or boarded, twenty cents a day for each day attended while being transported or boarded. (4) In case of any pupils for whom transportation was provided for at least six months or during such time as said pupil resided in the district but who failed to attend five months while being trans- ported, the district shall receive the aid as provided in paragraphs (1) to (3), inclusive, provided such failure to attend five months was due to absence from the district or any other legal excuse. Section 430 — 7. Whenever the electors of any rural district con- taining one or more one-department rural schools shall direct the school board to close all the schools in the district, each such district shall be entitled to special state aid as hereinafter provided, upon complying with the following conditions: (1) Tuition shall be paid for all persons bf school age who may desire to attend school at a district maintaining a one or two depart- ment rural school, or a state graded school, or the grades below the free high school in a free high school district for at least thirty-two weeks, including legal holidays, and transportation shall be provided for the same period of time for all such pupils who reside more than one mile from the nearest school in an adjoining district. (2) The average daily attendance of pupils transported under the provisions of this section from any district to the school in any rural school district, or to a state graded school, or to the grades in a district maintaining a free high school, shall be at least eighty per cent of the entire number enrolled for transportation to such school during each term of school. (3) The district board shall, in all cases where the school is closed and transportation is provided by team, enter into a written contract in the name of the district with one or more persons where- by it is agreed that such person or persons are to transport or pro- vide for transporting the children in a safe and comfortable manner 36 SCHOOL LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 to and from the school or schools in the district where provision has been made for their schooling. The children shall be transported in a safe and comfortable manner in a conveyance provided with protection against cold and inclement weather. The driver of each conveyance shall be of good moral character, trustworthy, and re- sponsible. Such driver shall have control of the children and be re- sponsible for their good behavior while going to and returning from school. He shall not use profane or improper language and shall prohibit the use of such language on the part of the children. He shall report all cases of insubordination to the parents and to the teacher or principal of the school. Provided that in cases where it is practicable, conveyance by interurban, steam railway, or automo- bile shall be equivalent to transportation by team. In all cases where a contract is entered into with a person other than the parent or guardian of the children to be transported, such person shall file a bond in the sum of three hundred dollars running to the district, with approved sureties in double the amount; said bond to be for- feited to the district in case of failure of such person to provide transportation in accordance with terms of the contract, as specified in this section. (4) No state aid under the provisions of this section shall be paid to any district providing transportation and tuition for its pu- pils at a district maintaining a rural school of one or more depart- ments, unless the school in the district where such nonresident chil- dren attend shall be a first class rural school as defined in sections 5 6 Of to 5 60m, inclusive, and acts amendatory thereof, and it is further provided that in case the district entering into a contract for the schooling of nonresident pupils, according to the provisions of this section, shall fail to maintain a first class rural school as pro- vided in sections 5 6 Of to 560m, inclusive, then such school district shall forfeit its right to collect tuition from the district where* such nonresident children reside for such school year or part of a school year that the school in such school district shall not have been main- tained as a first class rural school. (5) The school board of each district taking advantage of this section shall make annually, on or before the first day of August, a special report, under oath to the state superintendent of public in- struction, showing that the above conditions have been complied with, and this report shall give the names and ages of the persons transported, the number of days each such person was transported, and attended school, the rate of tuition paid, the amount of tuition paid for each person, and such other information as the state super- intendent may require. (6) It shall be the duty of the county superintendent of schools in any county where a district takes advantage of the provisions of this section and provides transportation and tuition at a rural school, as provided in paragraphs (1) to (4), inclusive, to report annually to the state superintendent, upon the blanks furnished by him, such information as he may require for the purpose of ascertaining if the SCHOOL LAWS OP WISCONSIN, 1917 3.7 rural school in such district during the year for which aid is claimed was maintained as a first class rural school, according to the provi- sions of sections 560f to 560m, inclusive. (7) In case of a disagreement concerning the standard of work done in any rural school, the decision of the state superintendent shall be final, and he shall have power, either in person or through inspectors of schools, to investigate the quality of work done and equipment offered in any of the schools accepting nonresident pu- pils under the provision of this section. (8) If upon receipt of the report, as provided in paragraphs (5) and (6) of this section, the state superintendent shall be satisfied that the district has complied with all the requirements of this sec- tion, he shall certify such fact to the secretary of state, who there- upon shall draw a warrant in favor of the treasurer of such district for a sum equal to the amount expended by such district for tuition and transportation, provided such amount shall in no case exceed one hundred fifty dollars for any one district; provided, further, a district receiving the special state aid provided in this section shall not be eligible to receive special state aid for transportation, as pro- vided in section 430 — 6. Section 430 — 8. In sections 430 — 1 to 430 — 7, inclusive, the word "distance" shall be interpreted to mean distance as measured by the nearest traveled highway. Section 43 — 9. Each district complying with the provisions of subsection 3 of section 430 — 1 of section 43 — 7, shall receive the same apportionment of state and other taxes as provided by "law, as would have been received had school been maintained in the district. (20.2?) (3) Annually, such sums as may be necessary, for transportation and tuition of pupils, as provided in sections 430 — 1 to 430 — 9, inclusive, of the statutes. (20.26) (2) (c) The amount of state aid for each graded school shall be computed upon the following basis: for a graded school of the first class, three hundred dollars; for a graded school of the second class, two hundred dollars; for a graded school of either class in which special instruction in agriculture or other in- dustrial subjects, as may be prescribed by the state superintendent, shall have been offered and presented in an efficient manner by a competent teacher and approved by the state superintendent, an ad- ditional one hundred dollars. This chapter is a reenactment of the different transportation laws. For the sake of convenience, they have been gathered under one heading. In this way they can be easily studied and compared. Special attention must be given to sections 430 — 3, 430 — 4, 430 — 5, and 430 — 6. This latter section should be carefully studied. Care- ful study should also be given to section 430-7. Members of school boards may rest assured that if a complaint is made that the transportation has not been such as required by this statute, the aid which might otherwise be received by the district will be withheld therefrom. No half-way doings, and failure to secure a competent, gentlemanly driver, a comfortable vehicle, properly 38 SCHOOL LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1911 equipped, and a good team, because the contractor was the lowest bidder, will meet the demands of these laws. i Chapter 442. Section 424a. 1. All orders heretofore made by any town board or boards or board of village trustees or city coun- cil jointly or severally, or by any committee or committees on com- mon schools or upon appeal to such committee or committees or the state superintendent creating new districts, consolidating districts or changing school district boundaries, are hereby declared valid and binding notwithstanding there may have been some defect of parties or defect in manner of service or giving notice. This chapter, creating section 424a, is a remedial statute having for its purpose the prevention of delayed litigation in matters per- taining to changes in school district boundaries. Chapter 451. (20.21) (2) Annually, beginning July 1, 1917, not to exceed five thousand four hundred dollars, for institutes for the instruction of teachers pursuant to section 407, and for conduct- ing a state teachers' and a state young people's reading circle organ- ized by the Wisconsin teachers' association. Not to exceed six hun- dred fifty dollars of this appropriation is allotted, annually, for such reading circles. This appropriation comes from the state normal school fund in- come. Chapter 462. Section 474b. The electors of any common school district, or consolidated district, or state graded school district, or free high school district, or town or union free high school district, joint or otherwise assembled at any special or annual meeting, regu- larly called, are hereby empowered to authorize the board to borrow money from some firm, corporation, bank, or individual, or from the state trust funds, for the purpose of purchasing a schoolhouse site or a school playground, said loan to be made for a period of not to exceed fifteen years. No such loan shall exceed twenty-five thou- sand dollars and in no case shall the rate of interest exceed six per "cent per annum. When the loan is made from the state trust funds, the rate shall be four per cent per annum payable in equal annual installments of principal and interest. This chapter amends section 474 — b. It empowers the electors to authorize the school board to borrow money from the trust funds or from some other source for the purpose of purchasing a school- house site in addition to the erection of a schoolhouse. "Chapter 490. Section 1. Section 9 of Chapter 459 of the Laws of 19 07 is amended to read: Section 9. The board of school direc- tors shall elect by ballot at the regular meeting preceding the expi- ration of the term of offiee of the superintendent of schools who is in office when this act shall become effective, a person of suitable learn- SCHOOL. LAWS OP WISCONSIN, 1917 3,9 ing and experience in the art of instruction, and practical familiarity with the most approved methods of organizing and conducting a system of schools, for superintendent of schools, and said superin- tendent of schools shall hold his office until the first day of July next following his election as herein provided, and for three years there- after, except in case of removals as herein provided, and each third year thereafter the said board shall elect at the first regular meeting in January, a superintendent of schools, as provided herein, who shall serve for the term of three years from the first day of July next following his election. The superintendent of schools shall, under the direction of the boards, have a general supervision of the public schools and of the teachers in the cities aforesaid and of the manner of conducting and grading of said schools. He shall appoint, subject to confirmation, by the board, assistant superintendents and such other assistants and supervisors as may be authorized by the board. Such superintend- ent shall be an advisory member of every committee of the board, except at times where an inquiry into his acts or investigation of his official conduct shall be under consideration by such committee. A committee, consisting of the president of the board and four mem- bers of the board selected by the president, shall on a strict basis of eligibility and fitness, examine, certificate, employ, classify, transfer and promote teachers. The action of such committee shall be sub- ject to amendment, rejection or confirmation by the board. The president of the board and four members of the board, to be selected by the president, shall constitute a committee to select and determine courses of study for the schools, and textbooks to be used therein. The action of such committee shall be subject to amendment, rejection or confirmation by the board. This chapter applies to cities of the first class. Milwaukee is the only first class city. 'Chapter 49 4. Section 553p — 1. 1. There is hereby created a state board of industrial education. The board shall consist of nine appointive members to be appointed by the governor, three of whom shall be employers of labor, three of whom shall be skilled employes other than those who have employing or discharging power, and three of whom shall be practical farmers. The state superintendent of education and a member of the industrial commission to be se- lected by the commission shall be ex officio members of this board. A majority of said board shall constitute a quorum. 2. In the first appointments the governor shall designate three members to serve for two years, three members to serve for four years, and three members to serve for six years, from the first day of July of the year in which the appointments are made. Each such group of three members shall consist of one employer, one employe, and one farmer. All appointments thereafter shall be for six years except appointments to fill vacancies, which shall be for the unex- pired portion of the term. 40 SCHOOL, LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 3. Said board: (1) Shall have control over all state aid given un- der sections 553p — 1 to 553p — 15, inclusive, and section 20.33, of the statutes; (2) shall meet quarterly and at such other times as may be found necessary; (3) shall elect its own oflacers; (4) shall report biennially; (5) may employ a director of vocational educa- tion and assistants for the development and supervision of the work of industrial education provided for in this act, and all accounts for sucli salaries shall be certified by the secretary of said board to the secretary of state. (6) shall inaugurate and determine the organi- zation, plans, scope and development of industrial education in the state. 4. The provisions of the Act of Congress, approved February 23, 1917, (Public No. 347, 64th Congress) entitled "An Act to provide for the promotion of vocational education; to provide for coopera- tion with the states in the promotion of such education in agricul- ture and the trades and industries; to provide for cooperation with the state in the preparation of teachers of vocational subjects; and CO appropriate money and regulate its expenditure", are hereby ex- cepted. The State Board of Industrial Education is designated as the board for the state of Wisconsin to cooperate with the Federal Board of Vocational Education in the execution of the provisions of the United States act and is hereby empowered with full authority so to cooperate. The state treasurer is hereby designated custodian of all funds allotted to this state from the appropriations made by said Act, and he shall receive and provide for the proper custody and disbursement of the same in accordance with said Act. Section 553p — 2. 1. Schools created under sections 553p — 1 to 553p — 15, inclusive, shall be known as vocational schools. The law relating to agricultural schools and the Platteville mining trade school shall remain unaffected by said sections. 2. All positions except that of director of vocational education shall be filled by civil service examination as provided by sections 990 — 1 to 990 — 32, inclusive. (Section 553p — 4). 1. The local board of industrial education of every city, village or town shall report to the common council, or in case of cities having commission form of government to the com- mission, or to the village or town clerk at or before the first day of September in each year, the amount of money required for the next fiscal year for the support of all the schools established or to be established under section 553p — 1 to 553p — 15, inclusive, in said city, village or town, and for the purchase of necessary additions to school sites, building operations, fixtures and supplies. (Section 553p — 5.) 1. The qualifications of teachers and the courses of study in these schools shall be approved by the state board of industrial education, and shall include English, citizenship, physi- cal education, sanitation and hygiene and the use of safety devices, and such other branches as the state board of industrial education shall approve. SCHOOL LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 41 (Section 20.33). (3) The remainder shall be distributed for state aid for industrial schools established and maintained pursuant to subsection 1 of section 553p — 3 of the statutes, and any school once granted such state aid shall be entitled thereto as long as the character of its work meets with the approval of the state board of industrial education, as follows: (a) On the first day of July in each year the secretary of the lo- cal board of industrial education of each city, town, or village main- taining such a school or schools shall report to the state board of industrial education the cost of maintaining the same; the character of the work done; the number, names', and qualifications of the teachers employed; and such other information as may be required by the said board. (b) If it appears from such report that such school or schools have been maintained pursuant to law, in a manner satisfactory to the state board of industrial education, the state board of industrial education shall certify to the secretary of state, in favor of the sev- eral local boards of industrial education, amounts equal to one-half the amount actually expended, respectively, for maintenance of such school or schools and salaries for instruction and supervision; but not to exceed, exclusive of federal aid, in any one year, twenty thous- and dollars for any city of the first class, or ten thousand dollars for any other city, town or village. If the aggregate of such amounts ex- ceeds the available funds of this appropriation, the state board of industrial education shall deduct from each an equal proportion so as to reduce their aggregate to the amount of the available funds. (c) On receipt of such certificates the secretary of state shall draw his several warrants accordingly, payable to the treasurers of the cities, towns, and villages, respectively. (Section 20.33) (2). The director of vocational education and all other employes of such board shall receive such compensation as shall be fixed by the board, and shall be entitled to receive their actual and necessary traveling expenses incurred in the discharge of their official duties. Such compensation and expenses shall be charged to the appropriation to the state board of industrial educa- tion. Chapter 49 7. Section 412. (1) Town boards of supervisors, village boards of trustees and city councils are hereby given power, acting jointly or separately as the particular case under considera- tion may demand, to alter school district boundaries, and to create, consolidate, or dissolve school districts. All territory comprising a school district must be contiguous and the number of a school dis- trict shall not be changed without the consent of the state superin- tendent. A new district shall not be given the name of a dissolved district. When two or more districts are united or in any manner consolidated, such enlarged district shall bear the number of the district involved having the largest assessed valuation as detemined from the last preceding assessment. 42 SCHOOL, LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 (2) The authorities designated above may meet and act on their own motion or upon call of any board or council in any way inter- ested in the alteration, creation, consolidation or dissolution of school districts. The refusal, failure, or neglect of any town board, village board, or city council to call or to hold meetings as provided by law, or neglect or refuse to take any action, affirmative or nega- tive, upon any written request or petition of an individual, or upon call of any board or council interested, giving reasons for certain proposed changes of district boundaries, or the creation, consolida- tion or dissolution of school districts shall be deemed a denial there- of and any person aggrieved thereby may appeal as in other cases. (3) Any school district organization of any kind, town free high school and union free high school districts excepted, in one or more towns or in one or more towns and any village or city shall be desig- nated as a joint district. Such district shall not be dissolved, nor shall the boundaries thereof be changed except by joint action of the town boards, parts of which comprise such district, or joint ac- tion of the town board or boards and the village board or common council in interest, or upon appeal to proper authority, such action to be taken in accordance with the provisions of the statutes govern- ing and directing the proceedings and action in each case. Section 413. (1) The town board, village board,- or city coun- cil, as the conditions may demand, shall make a written order de- scribing any territory detached from one district and attached to an- other. They shall also specify in such order the number of any dis- trict dissolved and the name of the town or towns part of which composed it. If two or more districts are united wholly the num- ber of each such district shall be specified and also the number of the enlarged district, with the names of the town or towns and the county or counties interested. A copy of any order made relating to alteration, or formation, or consolidation of school districts shall be filed with the clerk of each town, village, or city interested within ten days from the day the order is made and no order of change of boundaries, or dissolution, or creation, or union of districts shall be made to take effect between December first and the first day of the following April, without the consent of the state superintendent. (2) It shall also be the duty of the town board, village board or city council, as the case may be, to deliver to a taxable inhabitant of the new district or of any consolidated district formed under their authority, a notice describing the territory embraced therein and fixing a time and place for the first district meeting. In such notice said officers shall direct such taxable inhabitant to notify all quali- fied voters, men and women, of the district, either personally or by leaving a written or printed notice at the place of residence giving the time and place of such first meeting at least six days before the time fixed therefor, the day of the meeting to be counted as one of the six. It shall be the duty of such taxable inhabitant to notify the voters as directed; to keep a record of the persons so notified and make due return thereof and such record and certificate of School laws of Wisconsin, i9i7 43 service shall be recorded by the district clerk elected as a part of the permanent record and minutes of the first meeting in such newly created or consolidated district; provided, however, that an unin- tentional omission of, or failure to notify not to exceed one-sixth of said voters shall not invalidate' said notice or deprive the electors at the meeting of jurisdiction to transact any and all district business as provided by the statutes. (3) If such notice is not given by the taxable inhabitant as di- rected, or if the inhabitants being so notified neglect or refuse to meet, or if there is no competent authority in the district to call any district meeting, the town board of the town interested having the largest population shall give and cause the notice to be served. Section 416. A district shall be deemed organized when any two of the officers elected at its first legal meeting file with the clerk and cause to be recorded in the minutes of such meeting their written acceptance of the offices to which they have been respectively elected or when said offi,cers shall have failed for a period of ten days or more to state their refusal in writing. A district shall also be deemed legally formed when it has been duly organized and has ex- ercised the rights and privileges of a district for a period of four or more months, and no appeal or other action attacking the legality of the formation of such district, either directly or collaterally, shall be taken after such period has expired. Section 418. Whenever the proper authorities of any municipal unit or units shall contemplate an alteration, creation, consolidation or dissolution of any district, they shall meet and shall give at least five day's notice in writing to the clerk of each district to be in any way affected thereby. Said notice shall be signed by a majority of each board interested and shall give the day, hour, and place where they will be present to decide upon the proposed changes and the day of meeting shall not be counted as one of the five. It shall also be the duty of each district clerk to immediately notify the other members of his school board. The person serving these notices shall make due "return" thereof and said "return" shall be filed in the of- fice of the clerk of each municipal unit interested. No territory shall be detached from one district unless by the same order it be attached to another. A district may be dissolved by consolidation, by attach- ing all its territory in tracts or parcels to other districts or by creat- ing new districts. It shall not be lawful to give the above required notice by mail or by telephone. Section 419. In all cases where a change of school district boun- daries has been made, or a school district created or consolidated or dissolved, a copy of the order so made shall be filed with the clerk of each municipal unit interested and also with the clerk of each district in any way affected within ten days after date of the order. Section 420. If a new district be formed in whole or in part from one or more districts possessed of a schoolhouse or entitled to other property the town board or boards or other authorities at the time 44 SCHOOL LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 of forming such new district shall determine the proportion of the value of the schoolhouse, moneys on hand and other property justly due to such new district according to the taxable property of the re- spective parts of such former district or districts at the time of the division, and such amount of any debt, except a debt to the state be- cause of a loan from the trust funds, due from the former district which would have been a charge upon the new district had it re- mained in the former district, shall be deducted from such propor- tion. This chapter reenacts, changes and rearranges former sections re- lating to the formation of school districts and alterations of school district boundaries. The methods of procedure to be followed in the different cases which arise when division, consolidation, or dissolu- tion of school districts, or a change of school district boundaries is contemplated are given in detail on pages 364 and beyond of the School Code for 1915. It will be observed in studying this law that the refusal of the supervisors to take any action whatever in certain cases is the basis for an appeal. The purpose of this statute is to give every individual feeling himself aggrieved by the action or non-action of the authori- ties designated by statute to perform certain duties with reference to school districts, an opportunity to have his case heard without hard- ship or expense. In other words, it is a measure designed for relief of parties or individuals from what may be, by them, deemed arbi- trary or unjust action or refusals to act. The rules and regulations governing appeals are provided on pages 396 and beyond of the School Code of 1915. Through reading these directions, it will be recognized by any individual that an appeal is intentionally made an inexpensive matter. Chapter 499. Section 553m — 109. District school boards and boards of education are empowered, and directed and it is made their duty to adopt, for their respective schools from the list of school textbooks on file with the state superintendent of public in- struction, as provided by law, all the school textbooks necessary for use in the schools under their charge, and such school textbooks when so adopted shall not be changed for five years. Section 553m — 110. School districts are hereby authorized to purchase out of the funds of the district, texbooks direct from the publishers at the prices listed with the state superintendent of pub- lic instruction as provided by law to sell said book to the pupils at the actual cost to the district. Section 553m — 111. School districts are hereby authorized to purchase out of the funds of the district, school textbooks from the publishers at the prices listed with the state superintendent of pub- lic instruction as provided by law and to designate a retail dealer or dealers to act as the agent of the district in selling textbooks to pupils. The said dealer or dealers shall at stated times make settle- ment with the district for such books as have been sold up to the stated time. Said dealer or dealers shall not sell textbooks at prices which shall exceed a ten per cent advance on the net prices as listed with the state superintendent of public instruction. Any SCHOOL LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 45 dealer violating the provisions of this section shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction, shall be fined not less than twen- ty-five dollars and not more than one hundred dollars. Section 553m— 112. It shall be unlawful for any retail dealer in textbooks to sell any books listed with the state superintendent of public instruction as provided by law at a price to exceed fifteen per cent advance on the net prices as so listed, transportation added thereto. Any dealer violating the provisions of this section shall be guilty of misdemeanor, and, upon conviction shall be fined not less than twenty-five dollars and not more than one hundred dollars. Section 2. This act shall not operate to prevent any school dis- trict from furnishing free textbooks to the pupils attending the schools in such district provided such textbooks shall be purchased by said school boards in accordance with the provisions of this act. There are now three comparatively recent different chapters re- lating to the adoption, sale, and purchase of school textbooks, and consequently before any district, city, or county makes an adoption, each of these chapters should be carefully studied and the various provisions discussed by the district boards and boards of education. The term of adoption has been changed from three to five years, The above chapter also fixes the maximum percentage of profit to dealers. Chapter 460, Laws of 1915, Sections 553m-100 to 553m— 108 requires that textbook publishers shall file the fixed prices of schoolbooks in the office of the state superintendent. These prices are published in pamphlet form and distributed annually to school officers. See pages 331—333 in your copy of the school code for 1915. See also Sections 440 and 440a, page 268 of the code for 1915. These sections have been on the statute books for many years and are changed only as to length of term books are to be used after adoption — to wit: to five years instead of three. Chapter 510. 20.26. (1) Annually, on July first, not to exceed fifty thousand dollars, for special state aid to partially defray the cost of erecting and equipping a school building in each consolidated rural school district formed by the uniting of the schools of two or more school districts as provided by law. Of this there is allotted to each such consolidated district one-half the cost of erecting and equipping its school building; but not exceeding one thousand dol- lars for a school of one department; fifteen hundred dollars for a graded school of two departments; two thousand dollars for a graded school of three departments; three thousand dollars for a graded school of four or more departments in a consolidated dis- trict fromed by uniting the schools of three or more districts; or five thousand dollars for a graded and high school in a consolidated district formed by uniting the schools of all the districts of a town- ship. Such special state aid shall be paid only upon compliance with sections 496 — 7 and 496 — 8 of the statutes and shall be certi- fied by the state superintendent to the secretary of state. The pro- visions of this subsection shall apply to each school district in which 46 SCHOOL LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 tliere are two or more school buildings located two or more miles apart when by a vote of the electors such buildings are abandoned for school purposes and such schools are united in one central state graded school. When such central school building is erected and the schools of such district are united and maintained in such cen- tral school, such school district shall be deemed a consolidated dis- trict and each school abandoned and united in such central school shall be deemed the equivalent of a school district participating in such consolidation. This chapter amends those sections of the statutes relating to the state aid to consolidated schools by providing that if there shall be in any school district two or more school buildings located two or more miles apart, and said schools are abandoned and the school interests centralized in one school, such action is equivalent to a consolidation of districts and entitles said districts to receive a cer- tain sum as designated above as an aid in the erection and equip- ment of the centralized building. Chapter 528. Section 1. Subsection 3 of section 458b — 2 of the statutes is amended and renumbered to read: (Section 458b — 2). 4. The state superintendent, upon the presentation of a statement hereinbefore mentioned in this section, and satisfactory evidence of good moral character, and two years' successful teaching after grad- uation in the public schools of the state of Wisconsin, shall issue certificates as follows: To any person who shall hold a university, normal school or Stout institute diploma, an unlimited state certifi- cate; to any person who shall hold a normal school elementary certificate, a limited state certificate, qualifying the holder to teach in a public school for a period not to exceed six years from the date of issuance of the normal school certificate. Neither a limited state certificate, nor a license to teach based upon the certificate from the elementary course of a normal school, shall qualify the holder as principal of a free high school having four years' course of study. (Section 458b — 2) 3. The president of the Stout institute shall issue to the graduates of the regular courses in manual training and domestic science, or of such other courses as may be legally authorized and duly established and offered in such institution, a certified statement showing the name of the graduate, the date of graduation, the course from which graduated. This certificate, when presented to the state superintendent, shall entitle the holder to receive a license qualifying him to teach domestic science or manual training, or other special subject for which a diploma has been granted, in any public school in the state of Wisconsin for one year from date of issuance. Upon presentation of satisfactory evidence of successful teaching for one year in the public schools of the state, such license may be renewed for one year by the state superintendent. This chapter is of large interest to graduates from Wisconsin nor- mal schools, the state university, and Stout Institute, and familiarity SCHOOL LAWS OP WISCONSIN, 1917 47 and compliance with its provisions can avoid misunderstanding, de- lay, worry, and annoyance. Boards of education, superintendents, and principals should call the attention of their teachers to this provision of the statutes just before school opens in the fall and some weeks before it closes in the spring. By so doing, a good deal of comfort and satisfaction will result to all parties interested, owing to the fact that the statutes demand and the courts rule that school officers can contract only with legally qualified teachers. Chapter 53 6. 25.01 Authorized Investments and Loans. (1) What Funds. The moneys belonging to the common school fund, the normal school fund, the university fund and the agricultural college fund specified and defined respectively in section 20.24, subsection (3) of section 20.36, subsection (1) of section 20.39 and subsection (3) of section 20.39 shall from time to time be invested or loaned by the commissioners of the public lands as such moneys accumulate in the treasury, and said commissioners shall keep a separate account of all investments and loans from each fund. (2) Investments. Any of said funds may be invested in the pur- chase of county bonds issued under the authority conferred by sec- tion 697 — 60, or in the purchase of bonds issued pursuant to law by any town, village, city or county of this state. All bonds so pur- chased shall be deposited with the state treasurer. (3) Loans. Any of said funds may be loaned to school districts to be used in erecting school buildings, in the purchase of school- house sites or school playgrounds, or in refunding their indebted- ness, and for no other purpose; or to towns, villages, cities, coun- ties and boards of education, duly incorporated as such, of any city within the state, as hereinafter provided; and every such school district, town, village, city, county and incorporated board of edu- cation is empowered to borrow of said commissioners, from said funds or either of them, such sum or sums of money, for such time and upon such conditions as may be agreed upon between said commissioners and the borrower; subject, however, to the limita- tions, restrictions and conditions hereinafter set forth. In this chap- ter any such school district, town, village, city, county or incorpor- ated board of education, or all of them, may be designated by the word "municipality" or the word "municipalities". (4) Preferences. So far as practicable the loans sought by school districts and boards of education shall be supplied before any other loan or investment authorized by this section is made, and such applications shall be acted upon in the order of time in which they have been filed. 25.02 Term, Amount, Interest Rate. (1) Municipal Loans other than to School Districts. The loans provided for by subsec- tion (3) of section 25.01, other than those to school districts, may be made for any term not exceeding twenty years, may be made payable in instalments, and be in such amounts as shall not, in connection with all other indebtedness of the municipality apply- ing therefor, exceed five per centum of the average assessed valua- 48 SCHOOL LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 tion of the taxable property therein for the three years next pre- ceding the application for such loan. When such loan is made to pay off existing indebtedness it may be advanced to the borrower in instalments as fast as such indebtedness or the evidence thereof is cancelled. (2) School District Loans. Every loan to a school district may be made for such time, not exceeding fifteen years, and for such amount as together with all other indebtedness of such district, shall not exceed five per centum of the last preceding assessed valu- ation of the property in such district, not less than two-thirds of which valuation shall be on real estate, and not exceeding in any case twenty-five thousand dollars, as may be agreed upon; the prin- cipal shall be payable in approximately equal annual instalments. (3) Interest Rates. All loans shall bear and draw interest at a rate not less than four per centum per annum payable annually except loans to school districts which shall bear and draw interest at the uniform rate of four per centum per annum; and no invest- ment shall be made that will yield less than four per centum per annum of the amount invested. 25.04 Date when Interest and Principal become due. The an- nual interest and instalments of principal of all loans from the trust funds shall be payable into the state treasury with other state taxes. 25.05 The Application. (1) For all Municipalities. No loan shall be made under the provisions of subsection (3) of section 25.01 unless an application therefor be first made to the commis- sioners as required by this section. Such application shall state the amount of money required, the purpose to which it is to be applied, and the times and terms of repayment; and it shall be accompanied by satisfactory proof (a) of the assessed valuation for the preceding three years of all the taxable property within the municipality making the application; (b) of all the existing in- debtedness of such municipality; and (c) of the approval of the application as required by this section. (2) For Municipalities other than School Districts. Every such application shall be approved and authorized for a town, by the signatures of all of its supervisors acknowledged as conveyances of land are acknowledged; for a village, by a vote of not less than three-fourths of its trustees; for a city, by a vote of not less than two-thirds of the members of its common council; for the board of education of any city, by a vote of not less than two-thirds of all of its members at a regular or special meeting thereof and also by a vote of not less than two-thirds of all the members of the com- mon council of such city; for a county, by a vote of not less than two-thirds of all the members of its board of supervisors at some regular or special session thereof. Every vote so required shall be by ayes and noes duly recorded and taken at a regular meeting, except as is otherwise provided herein. SCHOOL LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 49 (3) For School Districts. Every such application shall be ap- proved and authorized for a school district by a vote of a majority of its legal voters voting on such question. If such vote be taken at a special meeting the objects thereof shall be clearly stated in the notice of the meeting. The application shall state the facts in detail respecting the holding of the meeting, the taking and the re- sult of the vote required, and shall be signed by each member of the district board, and verified by the clerk. The statement accom- panying the application shall contain a correct map or plat of the district and, when the district is a joint district, it shall show the assessed valuation in its several parts separately, so that the valu- ations of so much thereof as lies in each town or municipality of which it is a part, may be readily shown. (4) Popular Vote. When Required. Whenever any municipal- ity is not empowered by law to incur indebtedness for a particular ■ purpose without first submitting the question to its electors, the application for a loan for that purpose must be approved and au- thorized by a majority vote of such electors at a special election called, noticed and held in the manner provided for other special elections. The notice of such election shall state the amount of the proposed loan and the purpose for which it will be used; but this subsection shall not apply to loans made by boards of education applying as provided in subsection (2). (5) Irrepealable Tax Levy. Such application shall be accom- panied also by a certified copy under the hand of the proper clerk of a recorded resolution adopted by the municipality applying for or approving the loan, levying upon all the taxable property of the municipality a direct annual tax for the purpose of paying and suflicient to pay the interest on such proposed loan as it falls due, and also to pay and discharge the principal thereof within twenty years from the making of such loan. Such a levy shall become void and of no effect if the commissioners decline to make the loan; otherwise it shall remain valid and irrepealable until the loan and all interest thereon shall be fully paid. (6) Proceedings to be Recorded and Become Conclusive Evi- dence. The aforesaid application, statement and all accompanying exhibits and documents shall be recorded in the office of said com- missioners and thereupon be filed in the office of the secretary of state, and shall, together with the record thereof, be conclusive evidence of the facts therein stated. 25.06 Certificates of Indebtedness. If the application shall be approved by said commissioners they shall forthwith cause certifi- cates of indebtedness to be prepared in proper form and trans- mitted to the municipality submitting the same. Every such cer- tificate shall be executed and signed for a school district by its di- rector, for a town by its chairman, for a village by its president, for a city by its mayor, for a board of education by its president, and for a county by the chairman of its board, shall be counter- 50 SCHOOL LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 signed by the clerk of the municipality executing the same, returned to the commissioners, and deposited with the secretary of state, who shall thereupon draw his warrant upon the state treasurer for the amount of such loan, payable to the treasurer of the munici- pality making the loan or as he may direct; and said certificate of indebtedness shall then be conclusive evidence of the validity of such indebtedness and that all the requirements of law concerning the application for the making and acceptance of such loan have been complied with. 25.07 Alterations of Boundaries, Tax a Special Charge. All the taxable property in any municipality which has obtained or shall obtain any loan from the state or from any of its trust funds shall stand charged for the payment of the principal and interest thereof, and alterations of the boundaries of such municipality shall not be made until such loan shall be fully paid without the consent of the commissioners. The annual tax levied as provided by subsection (5) of section 25.05 shall be a special charge to be paid next after the state tax out of any moneys collected as taxes within said mu- nicipality. 25.08 'Collection from Municipalities other than School Districts. (1) Statement of Amount. The secretary of state shall furnish annually to the county clerk of each county in which any such special charge for principal or interest is due or will become due in the next succeeding twelve months, a statement showing in de- tail the amounts due or to become due as aforesaid from the county and from any town, village or city therein. Such statement shall accompany the statement made and certified under section 1070. 25.10 Use of Funds. No money obtained by any school district, school board, town, village, city or county by such loan shall be applied to or paid out for any purpose except that specified in the application therefor without the consent of said commissioners. Misuse of Loans from the Trust Funds. Section 4550m. Any supervisor, chairman of any town or county board, mayor of any city, president of any village or treasurer of any town, county, city or village who shall make or sign any order or warrant, or pay out or suffer or cause to be appropriated or paid out any moneys de- rived by loans from the state trust funds contrary to the provisions of section 25.10, shall be punished by confinement at hard labor in the state prison for a term not exceeding five years or by fine not exceeding one thousand dollars or by both such fine and imprison- ment. 25.11 Extension of Loan. All loans made or which may be made from any of such funds to any rhunicipality may be extended for such time and upon such terms as may be agreed upon by and be- tween the commissioners and such borrower; provided, however, that no loan shall be extenedd upon which there is any default in the payment of interest at the time of making application therefor, nor to any period beyond twenty years from its inception, nor at any rate of interest less than the minimum established by law. SCHOOL, LAWS OP WISCONSIN, 1917 51 25.13 Interest, How Accounted For. Every sum of money col- lected as interest upon any loan from either of the trust funds speci- fied in section 25.01 shall be paid into the state treasury and be credited to the income of the fund from which the loan was made. This chapter is a consolidation of all the different statutes relat- ing to loans from the trust funds. School officers should not permit themselves or the electors to become confused as to the different sections of this chapter but should confine their study particularly to the sections relating to loans to school districts and to the in- struction given in the school code for 1915 under the heading, "Be sure you're right, then go ahead." See page 391, Code of 1915. Chapter 542. Section 926 — 145. All cities of the third and fourth class, operating under a special or a general charter, and all school districts operating under the general law or a special char- ter, and including within their limits all or any part of any such cities, are hereby authorized to levy annually a special tax for school purposes not exceeding five mills on the dollar of the as- sessed valuation of all the real and personal property in said city or school districts for that year, in addition to the total tax now authorized to be levied by such cities or school districts, and such tax may be levied and collected in the same way as other school taxes are levied and collected in such cities and school districts. The rate was formerly three and one-half mills on the dollar. Chapter 544. Section 392q. The course of instruction for stu- dents who have enrolled prior to July 1, 1917, shall be two years in length and for students who enroll after July 1, 1917, shall be three years in length and shall embrace geology, mineralogy, chem- istry, assaying, mining and mining surveying and such other branches of the practical and theoretical knowledge as will, in the opinion of the board, conduce to the end of enabling students of said school to obtain a knowledge of the science, art and practice of mining and the application of machinery thereto. The dean of the college of engineering of the University of Wisconsin shall be consulted concerning the course of study, and the same and all modifications thereof shall be approved by him. No student who shall have been a resident of the state for one year next preceding his admission shall be required to pay fees or other charges for tuition or other purposes in said school, except for the cost price of materials actually consumed by such student in pursuit of any studies. The board may prescribe rates for tuition for any student who shall not have been a resident as aforesaid, which shall not be less than fifty nor more than two hundred dollars per year. Chapter 546. 25.09 Collections from School Districts, (1) Dis- tricts Not Joint. The collection of principal and interest of loans made from the trust funds to school districts other than joint dis- 52 SCHOOL LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 tricts shall be collected in the manner provided by section 25.08 for such collections from other municipalities. (2) Joint Districts, (a) WheneA^er a joint school district shall make any such loan the clerk of such district shall notify in writ- ing the clerks of the several towns or villages of which such dis- trict is composed of such loan and the terms thereof; and there- after the clerk of each such town or village shall, on or before the second Monday of September in each year, until such loan shall be paid, transmit to the district clerk a statement certified by him of the valuation of all taxable property in that part of such district which lies in his town or village according to the last assessment roll, or, if the same shall have been eaualized as provided in section 471, such equalized valuation thereof. The clerk of such joint school district shall forthwith certify to the county clerk every such valuation so certified to him. (b) When such joint school district is composed of territory lo- cated in two or more counties the county clerk shall transmit to the secretary of state on or before the twentieth of September in every year a copy of the statements so certified to him by the dis- trict clerk. The secretary of state shall in every year furnish to the county clerk of each county in which lies any joint school dis- trict or part of a joint school district from which any such payment is to become due the total amount to be levied in his county upon such joint school district at the same time that he certifies to that officer the state tax. (c) The county clerk shall at the proper time after receiving such certificate from the secretary of state apportion the amount certified for collection to the proper towns and villages in accord- ance with the valuations certified to him by the district clerk; but it shall be carried out in a separate column, and the district from which it is due shall be specified. The town clerk shall charge and carry out such amount in his tax roll to the district or part of dis- trict to which it belongs in a separate column, and the tax shall be collected and paid with and in the same manner as the state tax. This chapter is of special importance to the clerks of Joint School Districts that are indebted to the state. It imposes a new duty upon the district clerk and demands his attention. There are in round numbers 2,000 districts in this state that are called Joint because they comprise territory lying in two or more towns, or in a town or towns and a village or in a town or towns and a city. Chapter 5 63. Section 49 — 1. (1) With the advice and con- sent of the state superintendent any city or school district or two or more school districts may establish one or more free high schools to be known as district free high schools in the manner and with the privileges herein provided. (2) The question of establishing such schools in a single dis- trict shall be submitted by the school district board to the legally SCHOOL, LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 53 qualified voters at any annual or special meeting or election upon written resolution therefor proposed for adoption. (3) At least six day's notice of such proposal embodying the resolution shall be given by the district clerk by posting copies thereof in four or more public places in such school district, or by publishing such notice in any newspaper published in said district once each week for two successive weeks immediately prior to the time set for holding such meeting. (4) The vote on such proposal shall be taken by ballot. The bal- lots shall be written or printed "for high school" and "against high school." If the resolution be adopted the clerk of the election shall submit notice of such action to the state superintendent for his ap- proval. If such action meets the approval of the state superintend- ent he shall issue a certificate of establishment of a district free high school in said district. Section 490 — 2. Whenever a petition, in writing, praying for the submission of the question of establishing a free high school in a single district and signed by at least one-tenth of the qualified voters residing in said district shall be filed with the school district board, it shall be the duty of the district clerk to submit a resolu- tion for that purpose to the voters of such school district, as pro- vided in section 490 — 1. Section 49 — 3. In all school districts which now constitute dis- trict free high school districts or which shall hereafter become such high school districts, the district board shall be the free high school board and the officers shall be the oificers of the free high school district. Section 49 — 4. (1) In case two or more school districts pro- pose to establish, jointly, a district free high school, action shall be taken by each district as in the case of the establishment of such school by a single district. (2) Within six days after the election the school boards of the districts shall meet in joint session and canvass the returns and certify the results to the state superintendent and to the officers elected. If the resolution be adopted by each district and such action meets the approval of the state superintendent he shall issue a certificate of establishment of a joint free high school in such districts. ( 3 ) All procedure subsequent to the issuance of the certificate of establishment of such district free high school shall be governed by the statutes relating to the organization and administration of union free high schools. (4) The officers of a joint free high school district and their elec- tion and term of office shall be as directed in the case of a union free high school composed of an incorporated village and outside territory. (5) Such joint district free high school shall be entitled to share in state aid as in the case of district free high schools. 54 SCHOOL LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 Section 490 — 5. (1) In any city having a system of school or- ganization according to the provisions of a general or special char- ter, a resolution proposing the establishment of a district free high school may be acted upon by the board of education. If such reso- lution be adopted the secretary of the board shall notify the state superintendent of such action. If such action meets the approval of the state superintendent he shall issue a certificate of establish- ment of a district free high school in such city. (2) In all cities having a system of school organization accord- ing to the provisions of a general or special charter which now maintain one or more district free high schools, or which shall here- after establish one or more district free high schools, the board of education shall be the high school board and the city treasurer shall be ex officio the treasurer of the high school district, unless the city charter provides otherwise. Section 490 — 6. (1) Any school district containing within its boundaries a city in which a high school is maintained and which expends annually in the maintenance of its schools, a sum exceed- ing four thousand dollars, may, upon determining so to do by the vote of the electors present at any annual school meeting, have a district board, comprising seven members, which shall be known as a school board of the city comprising in whole or in part such district, three of whom shall be respectively the director, treasurer and clerk, who shall each discharge the separate duties now im- posed upon such officers by law, and shall be elected and hold office for the term now provided by law, and no two of whom shall be residents of the same ward in such city until each ward therein shall have at least one member on such board. Where such school district and city are identical in territory the members of the dis- trict board shall be chosen one from each ward of such city in the order in which the wards are numbered until the full number is chosen; and in case such city has fewer than seven wards an addi- tional member or members shall be chosen from the district at large. (2) The number of members of any school board shall not be increased as provided in subsection (1) unless a notice in writing of the proposal for such increase, signed by at least twenty-five electors of the school district, shall be filed with the clerk of said district at least ten days prior to the annual meeting; and the clerk shall include in the notice of such meeting the substance of such proposal. (3) Removal by a member of such board from the ward from which he was chosen shall create a vacancy. (4) All directors, clerks and treasurers in office prior to the es- tablishment of said board shall continue in their respective offices during the full term for which they were elected. The remaining four members of said district board shall be elected as school dis- trict officers are elected, at the annual school meeting at which such high school district is established; two thereof to be elected for the SCHOOL LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 55 period of one year and the remaining two for the period of two years and until their successors have been elected or appointed. At every succeeding school meeting in such district there shall be elected, in addition to a director, clerk or treasurer, as the case may be, two of such additional members of such board, who shall hold their office for two years and until their successors are elected or appointed. (5) Any vacancies in said board shall be filled as in the case of vacancies in district boards, the members filling such vacancies to hold until the next annual district meeting. (6) Such school boards shall exercise all the powers and dis- charge all the duties imposed upon the district board existing prior to the establishment of such board. The regular meetings of said board shall be held, and special metings thereof may be called upon request of any three members of such board to the clerk, who shall thereupon, at least twenty-four hours before such special meeting is held, give written notice thereof to the remaining members of the board. Section 49 — 7. With the advice and consent of the state super- intendent a free high school, to be known as a union free high school, may be established and maintained in any town, or in any tract of contiguous territory having an erea of not less than thirty- six nor more than seventy-two square miles and bounded by town, school district, section or half section lines or by lines bounding in part an existing free high school district, or in cases where impas- sable streams, lakes or swamps render it impracticable to follow such boundary lines, such natural boundaries may be substituted. Section 490—8. (1) In case the tract of territory to be em- braced within such district is entirely included in one town and does not include within its boundaries an incorporated village, the town board of that town shall submit the question of establishing such union free high school to the voters of such, tract, whenever a notice is filed with the town chairman praying for the submission of such question. Such petition shall describe the boundaries of the pro- posed district and shall be signed by at least one-tenth of the quali- fied voters resident therein. The chairman shall, within ten days after the receipt of the petition, notify the town clerk, and the clerk shall at once cause ten days' notice of such election to be given by posting six copies thereof in at least six different public places in such tracts, or by publishing such notice in any newspaper published therein once each week for two successive weeks immedi- ately prior to the time set for holding the election. The election shall be conducted and the vote canvassed as in the case of town meetings. (2) In case the said tract lies in two or more towns and con- tains no incorporated village such petition may be presented to the chairman of any one of the town boards in such towns, and said chairman shall, within five days after the receipt of said petition, notify the other tpwn chairman or chairmen, as the case 56 SCHOOL, LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 may be, of the receipt of such petition and shall set a date for a meeting of all the chairmen of the towns involved for the purpose of fixing a time and place for holding such union free high school election. Thereupon, the said chairmen shall meet on said day and fix the time and place for holding such election; but if any chair- man is unable to attend he shall delegate some other supervisor of his board to act in his place. The election shall be noticed and conducted for the entire tract of territory which is to be proposed to be included in the union free high school district; and shall be held by the town board of the town in which the election is held in the manner provided in subsection (1). (3) In case the tract proposed for the union free high school district contains an incorporated village, the petition may be pre- sented to any town chairman, as provided in subsection (2), or to the president of the village. Thereupon, the official to whom the petition is presented shall notify each chairman and the village president of the receipt of such petition and shall set a day for a meeting of said officers for the purpose of fixing the date for hold- ing the union free high school election. The election for the village shall be held in the village on the same day that the election for the territory lying outside is held. The election for the territory lying outside the village may be held in the village or at any other convenient place agreed upon which shall be designated in the notice of election. The election for the village shall be noticed and con- ducted and the votes canvassed in the manner provided for village elections; and the election for the territory lying outside the vil- lage shall be noticed and conducted and the votes canvassed in the manner provided for town elections. If the outlying territory com- prises parts of two or more towns the supervisors at their first meet- ing shall designate the town in which such election shall be held and the officers of said town shall notice, control and direct such election. (4) In all cases the vote shall be by ballot, and the ballots shall be written or printed "for union free high school" and "against union free high school". The proposal shall not be deemed adopted unless a majority of the electors residing in the territory outside of the village and a majority of the electors residing in the village shall vote for the union free high school. (5) The result of the election shall be certified at once by the election officers to the clerk of each town and village concerned; and if the proposal be adopted the result shall also be certified to the state superintendent by the respective clerks within six days after the election. If such action meets the approval of the state superintendent he shall issue a certificate of establishment of a union free high school in said tract of territory. Section 49 — 9. If an existing free high school district is in- cluded in the tract proposed for a union free high school district the establishment of the union free high school district, as pro- -s'ided in section 490 — 8 and of a union free high school as herein SCHOOL LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 57 provided, shall annul the organization of any such existing free high school district. Section 490 — 10. (1) The officers of a union free high school district shall be a director, a treasurer and a clerk who shall have the same authority and be charged with the same duties and liabil- ities respectively as the officers of other free high school districts. The term of each shall be three years, beginning with the annual union free high school district meeting to be held the third Mon- day in March, and each officer shall continue in offiice until his suc- cessor shall have been chosen; provided, that at the same election at which the proposal of establishing the district is submitted the clerk shall be chosen for one year; the treasurer for two years and the director for three years, but a separate ballot box shall be pro- vided for the election of such officers. (2) All elections shall be by ballot and a plurality of the votes cast shall elect. In case an incorporated village is included in the proposed district the officers of election for the outside territory shall meet at once after the polls are closed, in the office of the vil- lage clerk and all votes for the outside territory and the village shall be counted as a joint vote. (3) Any person present at a meeting at which he shall be elected as an officer shall be deemed to be notified thereof. Any person elected and not present shall be notified of his election by the clerk of said election within five days thereafter. Unless the person so elected and notified shall, within ten days after his election, file with the clerk a written refusal to accept the cflice he shall be deemed to have accepted the same. (4) The time until the first annual meeting shall be counted as the first year in determining the term of office. Thereafter officers shall be elected annually in place of those whose terms expire at the annual meeting of such union free high school district. (5) Any vacancy in the district board may be filled by the board within ten days after the vacancy occurs, and if not so filled, the town or village clerk of the town or village in which the union free high schoolhouse is situated shall fill such vacancy by appoint- ment. Any person, upon being notified of his appointment, shall be deemed to accept the same unless within five days thereafter he . shall file with the clerk or director a written refusal to serve and shall continue in office until the next annual election, when the electors shall fill such vacancy for the unexpired term. Section 49 — 11. (1) The annual union free high school dis- trict meeting for the election of officers and the transaction of other business shall be held on the third Monday in March unless that be a legal holiday in which case it shall be held the next day. (2) The election of district officers shall be held in some conveni- ent room in the union free high school building, if there be such building, and if not, then in some other convenient room deter- mined upon by the board and specified in the notice. If the notice 58 SCHOOL LAWS OP WISCONSIN, 1917 does not so specify the election shall be held in the building in which the last annual meeting was held. (3) The election of officers shall be by ballot and a suitable bal- lot box shall be provided. The polls shall be opened at one o'clock in the afternoon of the day fixed by law for holding annual union free high school district meetings, and shall be closed at seven o'clock of the same day. The time of opening and closing the polls, as well as the place of holding the election, shall be specified in the notice of such election or meeting, but the failure so to do shall not vitiate any such election. (4) Immediately after the polls are closed and the ballots counted the electors shall organize for the purpose of conducting the regular and usual business other than the election of oflBcers, necessary for carrying on and maintaining the union free high school. As soon as the meeting is regularly organized the result of the election of officers shall be declared. (5) The officers to conduct the election shall consist of the union free high school district clerk and two other persons selected by the district board. If an incorporated village is comprised in the dis- trict one officer shall be selected from the village and one from the territory lying outside of the village and included within the union free high school district. The inspectors and clerks of election shall make and keep a list of all electors, male and female, voting at the election. (6) The compensation to be paid to the inspectors and clerks of any annual or special meeting shall be fixed by the district board but shall not exceed two dollars for each inspector; and shall be paid from the district treasury. Section 49 — 12. The district clerk shall give at least six days' previous notice of the annual meetings by posting notice thereof in six or more public places in the district, one of which shall be fixed to the outer door of the union free high school building if there be one in the district; and he shall give like notice for any ad- journed meeting if the adjournment be for more than one month. The failure to give due notice of annual meetings shall not affect the validity of the meeting, unless it shall appear that such failure was wilful or fraudulent. Section 49 — 13. It shall be the duty of the union free high school district board to meet on the Saturday immediately preceding the an- nual meeting, carefully examine the accounts of the treasurer and make up a full itemized report showing all receipts and expenditures since the last annual meeting, the amount in the hands of the treas- urer or the amount of the deficit, if any, for which the district is liable, the amount necessary to be raised by taxes for the support of the school for the ensuing year, and the amount required to pay the interest or principal of any debt due or to become due during the year. Such report shall be submitted in writing at the annual meeting and recorded by the clerk at length with the action thereon in the proceedings of the meeting. SCHOOL LAWS OP WISCONSIN, 1917 59 Section 490 — 14. Special meetings shall be called by the clerk, or in his absence by the director or treasurer, on the written re- quest of twenty voters of the district. Notices specifying particu- larly the business to be transacted shall be posted in the manner prescribed for calling the annual meeting. In addition to such post- ing the notice shall be published once each week for two successive weeks immediately prior to the time set for holding such meeting, in any newspaper published in the union free high school district. If no newspaper is published in the high school district the publica- tion may be in one newspaper published at the county seat of the county containing the high school district, or if the district lies partially within two or more counties then in. one newspaper at the county seat of each county containing part of such district. The electors, when lawfully assembled at a special meeting, shall have the power to transact the same business as at an annual meeting, except the election of officers; but no more than one such special meeting to consider the same subject shall be held in the district in the same school year. Section 490 — 15. The incorporation of a part of the territory of a union free high .school district organized under the provisions of this act as a village or city shall not affect the organization of such union free high school district. Section 490 — 16. The electors of any union free high school dis- trict and the electors of any common school district included within the union free high school district are empowered to authorize and direct their respective school boards or boards of education to en- ter into an agreement for the erection and maintenance, jointly, of a school building for housing the high school and the common school or schools. Section 49 — -17. (1) The procedure for the alteration of the- boundaries of a union free high school district shall be as follows: a petition in writing, signed by at least one-tenth of the voters of the union free high school district, desiring and asking for said al- teration, shall be presented to the chairman of the town, president of the village, or mayor of the city in which the union high school building is situated. The officer to whom the petition is presented shall fix a time for a meeting of the town board or boards, or of the town board or boards and the village trustees or city council, as the case may be, which time shall not be less than ten nor more than twenty days from the time the petition was received. He shall cause written notice fixing the time and place of the meeting to be pre- sented to each supervisor, trustee or city councilman at least five days prior to the day set for the meeting. Such meeting shall be held at the union high school building unless some other conveni- ent place shall be designated in the notice. (2) The town board or boards or said board or boards and the trustees or common council, as the case may be, shall jointly con- sider the alteration of the union free high school district as de- scribed in the petition, and shall grant or refuse the same as the 60 SCHOOL, LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 majority of those present and voting shall decide. Such action shall be subject to appeal to the state superintendent. (3) In case the town chairman, mayor or village president to whom any applicaion shall have been presented, shall neglect or re- fuse to fix the time and place for or to give notice of the meeting, as provided In this section, or in case the town board or boards, village board, or common council of any town, village or city in which the whole or any part of such district shall be located, shall neglect or refuse to be present at such meeting, or shall refuse or neglect to hear a vote upon the application before them, the appli- cation shall be deemed denied and an appeal to the state superin- tendent may be had as in other cases of denial. (4) Nothing in this section shall authorize the reduction of the area of any union free high school district to less than thirty-six square miles. Neither shall anything in this section authorize the inclusion of any new territory without the consent of a majority of the electors residing therein, such majority to be determined by an election held upon petition signed by at least one-tenth of the legal voters resident in the territory to be annexed, according to the pro- visions of this act relating to the election for the establishment of a union high school in territory lying in one or in two or more towns and not including an incorporated village. Section 490 — 18. No free high school shall be established un- less at least twenty-five persons of school age, residents of the proposed free high school district, give evidence, through examina- tion or otherwise, satisfactory to the state superintendent, that they are prepared to begin a high school course. Section 49 — 19. Any election for the establishment of a free high school shall be void unless such free high school is organized within two years from the date of the election. Section 490 — 20. (1) All taxes for the purposes of free high school districts shall, except as herein otherwise provided, be levied and collected as in the case of single or joint common school dis- tricts of the state; and all such moneys raised and received for the purpose of maintaining such free high school shall be paid out only on orders drawn and countersigned in the manner prescribed for making payments in common school districts. (2) The clerk of the free high school board shall certify all taxes levied for free high school purposes to the .town, city or village clerk. If any free high school district is joint, consisting of the whole or parts of different municipalities, it shall be the duty of the clerk of the free high school board to certify to the clerk of each such municipality the proportionate amount to be raised by each; such apportionment to be determined according to the total valua- tion of all the taxable property as equalized by the boards of re- view, a statement of which shall, as soon as the establishment is complete, be sent by the respective clerks to the clerk of the free high school district. SCHOOL, LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 61 (3) The free high school district taxes so apportioned shall be entered on the next tax roll of the various municipalities and col- lected and returned as other taxes and paid to the high school dis- trict treasurer. Delinquent taxes shall be returned to the county- treasurer as in other cases. Section 49 — 21. If the electors of any free high school district at the annual or at a subsequent special district meeting held prior to the third Monday of November following, shall not vote a tax sufficient to maintain said free high school for the term of at least nine months during the current year, the free high school board must, on or before the Wednesday next following said third Mon- day of November, determine the sum necessary to be raised to so maintain such free high school and to furnish additional necessary equipment, and the clerk shall forthwith certify to the proper town, city or village clerks the amount so fixed. Upon receipt of this cer- tificate the town, village or city clerks shall assess the same as other taxes are assessed. Section 490 — 22. Whenever any town free high school district, comprising two towns and a city, shall have been established and if after such establishment any school district, a part only of which lies in such joint town free high school district, shall establish and maintain a district free high school, that part of .such district free high school district lying in the joint town free high school district shall be exempt from taxation for high school purposes in the joint town free high school district. Section 490 — 23. The free high schools shall be free to all pu- pils resident in the district. Every principal of such school shall, in addition to his qualification as teacher of a common school, be a graduate of some university, college or normal school, hold a state certificate or pass an examination in the studies required to be taught in any such school; provided the state, certificates authorized by law and the certificates authorized by section 49 6a shall qualify their holders both as principal and as teachers of common schools; and each principal and assistant teacher in a free high school shall be eligible to teach only on approval of his certificate by the state superintendent; and the free high school board or boards of edu- cation having charge of such schools .shall determine, with the ad- . vice and consent of such superintendent, the course of study and minimum standard of qualification for admission to the same. Section 490 — 24. The free high school board shall conduct the affairs of the free high school district on the same general plan pro- vided for a common school district, and possess, with respect to such free high school district all the powers and be charged with all the duties conferred and imposed by these statutes on the district officers and district board of a common school district. It shall provide adequate teaching force and neceSsary equipment, such as seats, desks, apparatus, library books and general supplies. The treasurer shall give a like bond to be approved and filed in a simi- lar manner. The free high school district clerk shall make a report 62 SCHOOL LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 of the liigli scliool similar to that required by section 462, omitting the first subdivision. The board may grade such school and estab- lish the branches of study to be taught therein, under the advice and approval of the state superintendent. Every forfeiture and punishment for neglect or violation of duty by a common school dis- trict officer shall apply to a free high school district officer for like neglect or violation. The report of free high schools in cities not under a county superintendent shall be included in the reports from such cities to the state superintendent. Section 490 — 25. (1) Except as specially provided otherwise, the annual school district meeting shall be the annual meeting of the high school district for the transaction of business relating to the high school, and special high school district meetings may be held as in the case of common school districts. (2) Every resident elector of the free high school district shall be entitled to vote at any annual or special meeting; provided such elector has resided therein for at least thirty days preceding such meeting. (3) At the election held for the purpose of establishing a free high school district the electors may vote to provide a sum of money suificient for the support and maintenance of the high school for the next succeeding year, and may also authorize the board to lease suitable rooms and provide necessary equipment for the use of the high school. (4) No tax, or loan, or debt shall be voted at a special meeting unless three-fourths of the legal voters shall have been notified, either personally or by a written notice left at their place of resi- dence, stating the time, place and object of the meeting, and speci- fying the amount proposed to be voted at least six days before the time appointed therefor, exclusive of the day on which the meet- ing is to be held. Section 490 — 26. The inhabitants of any free high school dis- trict, qualified by law to vote at a free high school district meeting when assembled at the first and each annual meeting in their high school district or at any adjournment thereof, shall have power: (1) To appoint a chairman for the time being, and in the ab- sence of the clerk, appoint some person to act in his stead. The person so appointed shall certify the proceedings of such meeting to the free high school district clerk, who shall enter the same in the records of the free higli school district and file and preserve the certificate of such temporary clerk. (2) To adjourn from time to time as occasion may require. (3) To vote such tax as the meeting shall deem sufficient to pur- chase or lease a suitable site for the free high school; to build, hire or purchase a schoolhouse; to keep in repair and furnish the same with necessary furniture, ventilating and heating apparatus, and to provide for the equipment and maintenance of the free high school. SCHOOL LAWS OP WISCONSIN, 1917 63 (4) To authorize and direct tlie sale of any free high school- house site, or other property belonging to the free high school dis- trict when the same shall no longer be needed for use in the dis- trict. (5) To impose such a tax as may be necessary to discharge any debts or liabilities of the free high school district lawfully incurred. (6) To authorize the free high school district board to borrow money as provided in the statutes. (7) To authorize the free high school district board to purchase textbooks for use in such free high school, to be loaned or furn- ished to the pupils under such conditions as may be prescribed by the electors or by regulation of the board. (8) To determine the length of time a free high school shall be taught in such free high school district during the ensuing year, which time shall not be less than nine months. (9) At the annual meeting only, to vote a tax to compensate the clerk, the treasurer and the director, which in free high school districts supporting graded and high schools, shall be such sums as may be voted; and in union free high school districts and joint free high school districts, not more than twenty-five dollars, nor less than five dollars to each of the above officers. Section 49 — 27. The state superintendent shall prepare a course or courses of study suitable to be pursued in free high schools, publish the same and furnish the same upon application. He shall exercise such personal supervision and make such personal inspection of the work of such schools as they seem to require and the other duties of his office may warrant; he shall examine or cause to be examined all teachers of free high schools, required by law to pass such examinations to qualify them for teaching in high schools, and grant certificates to such as pass examinations satis- factorily, which certificate shall be in such form and for such time as he may prescribe, and shall authorize the holder to teach in such special place or places, or in the whole state, as the qualifications of the candidate may warrant. Said superintendent shall furnish suitable blanks for annual and special reports for all such schools which shall require returns as to the number, age and sex of all pupils enrolled, the number in each class or in the course of study, the number pursuing English branches only, the number complet- ing the course of study each year, and such other statistics as may be deemed necessary. Section 49 — 28. The school board of any school district main- taining a free high school or a union free high school and not con- taining a city in which a city superintendent is employed, may con- tract with a qualified teacher who shall have at least one year's experience as a principal of a high school to act as principal of such high school for a term of not more than three years. Section 49 — 29. (1) Any free high school district may be dissolved, or one of two or more free high schools maintained by any 64 SCHOOL LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 free high school district, may be discontinued by the same course of procedure required to establish such free high school district in the territory comprised in the district at the time such dissolution or discontinuance is proposed, except that the approval of the state superintendent shall not be necessary for such dissolution or dis- continuance; but no election for such dissolution shall be held within four years after the date when such free high school district was organized. (2) Ballots at such election shall be written or printed "for dis- solution" and "against dissolution" or "for discontinuance"' and "against discontinuance", as the case may be. Section 49 — 3 0. After the dissolution of any free high school district the property of such dissolved district shall be disposed of and the assets and debts shall be apportioned and distributed sub- ject to and in the manner provided by section 424 of the statutes, so far as the same may be applicable. Section 49 — 31. The free high school board of any free high school district, organized under the laws of this state, shall admit to the high school under its control, whenever the facilities for seating and instruction will warrant, any person of school age pre- pared to enter such school, who may reside in any town or incor- porated village but not within any free high school district, and who shall have completed the course of study in the school district in which he resides, or one equivalent thereto. Persons so admitted shall be entitled to the same privileges and be subject to the same rules and regulations as pupils of the school who are residents of the free high school district. Section 490 — 32. (1) Whenever persons not residing in any free high school district and having completed the course of study in the school district in which they reside, or one equivalent thereto, as herein provided, enter any free high school in Wisconsin, or any free high school in another state, which is nearer to the home of such persons than any free high school in this state, offering a course of study equivalent to the course of study in free high schools in Wisconsin, the free high school board of that district shall be en- titled and is hereby authorized to charge a tuition fees for such pu- pils not exceeding one dollar per week. (2) On or before the first day of July in each year the secretary of the free high school board shall make a sworn statement to the clerk of the city, town or village from which any person may have been admitted to said free high school, setting forth the residence, name, age and date of entrance to such school, and the number of months' attendance during the preceding school year, of each per- son so admitted from such city, town or village. Such statement shall further show the amount of tuition which, under the provi- sions of this section, the district is entitled to receive for each per- son reported as having been a member of the school from such city, town or village and the aggregate sum for tuition for all such per- sons. Said statement shall be filed as a claim against the town. SCHOOL, LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 65 city or village where such person resides, and shall be allowed as other claims are allowed. (3) A certificate or common school diploma issued by or under the direction of the county or district superintendent of schools, setting forth that the holder thereof has completed the course of study in the school district in which he resides, or one equivalent thereof, which course shall be at least equivalent to the course of study provided by the state superintendent for the common schools of the state, or a duly certified copy thereof, shall be evidence of the completion of the course of study, as provided in this section. Such certificate or diploma, or a certified copy thereof, shall be filed with the secretary of the free high school district upon admission of the holder to the free high school. All diplomas, certificates or certified copies thereof so filed shall be attached to the sworn state- ment of such secretary when making claim for tuition to the town in which such person resides, as hereinbefore provided. Section 490 — 3 3. (1) The village clerk shall enter upon the tax roll of the village for the ensuing year such sums as may be due for tuition on account of residents of the village who have attended such free high school or schools, and the amount so entered shall be collected when and as other taxes are collected, and shall be paid, when so collected, to the treasurer of the free high school dis- trict or districts where such persons have attended the free high school or schools. (2) The clerk of any town not having within its territory a free high school district shall enter upon the tax roll of the town for the ensuing year such sums as may be due for tuition on account of the residents of the town who have attended such free high school or schools, and the amounts so entered shall be collected when and as other taxes are collected, and shall be paid when so collected to the treasurer of the free high school district where such persons have attended the free high school or schools. (3) The clerk of any town or city, a portion of which constitutes or forms a part of a free high school district shall enter upon the tax roll for that part of the town or city not within a free high school district such sums as may be due for tuition on account of residents of that portion of the town or city that have attended such free high school or schools, and the amounts so entered shall be collected when and as other taxes are collected and shall- be paid, when so collected, to the treasurer of the free high school district where such persons have attended the free high school. Section 496c — 2. It shall be the duty of the school board of every union free high school in the state, to publish, or cause to be pub- lished, or posted in five prominent places, during the week preced- ing the annual meeting, a summarized financial report of receipts and disbursements for the preceding year for such district, and the recommendations for the following year, in a newspaper published within the town, city or village where such school is located; said 66 SCHOOL LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 report not to exceed five folios, and in case tliere is no newspaper published within such town, city or village, then such report shall be published in any newspaper having a general circulation in such town, city or village, and published within the county where such school is located. (20.27) (1) Annually, on October first, not exceeding one hun- dred thousand dollars, for state aid to school districts which shall have established and maintained one or more district free high schools as provided by law. (20.27) (2) Annually, on October first, not exceeding seventy- five thousand dollars, for state aid for union free high schools and for consolidated free high schools; but if the aggregate claims against this appropriation in any year are less than the whole ap- propriation the remainder thereof for that year is appropriated and added to the appropriation for that year made by subsection. (1). (20.27) (3) (b) Thereupon, on or before the first day of Octo- ber, the state superintendent shall, subject to the provisions of para- graph (c), fix and certify to the secretary of state the amounts ac- cruing to each such district, as follows: for each district free high school which shall have been maintained for not less than eight months in such school year, one-half of the amount expended for instruction in such school over and above the amount required by law to be expended for common school purposes, but not to exceed five hundred dollars to any district free high school in any one year; for each free high school mentioned in subsection (2) one- half the amount expended for instruction in such school, but not exceeding nine hundred dollars to any such school having a princi- pal and one assistant, not exceeding twelve hundred dollars to any such school having a principal and two assistants, and not exceed- ing fifteen hundred dollars to any such school having a principal and three or more assistants; but no state aid shall be apportioned to any free high school after it has been in operation for four years unless the average daily attendance for the year is at least fifteen pupils. Section 4. On and after July 1st, 1917, all free high schools heretofore established and maintained according to the provisions of the statutes for organization and maintenance of town free high schools, shall be known and designated as union free high schools, and shall thereafter be conducted and maintained according to the provisions of the statutes governing the organization and mainte- nance of union free high schools. The town free high school board in office July 1st, 1917, shall thereafter constitute the union free high school board, and the members thereof shall continue in office for the term for which they w^ere elected, except that the limit of the term of each member shall be the third Monday of March, at the time of the union high school district meeting, when their suc- cessors shall be elected according to the provisions of the union free high school law. This chapter rearranges the entire high school law for the state. High schools maintained in ordinary school districts will continue to SCHOOL LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 67 operate as heretofore. What have hitherto been known as Town Free High Schools cease to exist as Town Free High Schools. By this statute, however, they are placed under the head of Union Free High School districts. The courses of study, employment of teach- ers, state aid, etc., are not affected. These schools will hereafter be known as Union Free High Schools, and the conduct of meetings, election of officers, etc., etc., will be held in accordance with the directions given above. It will be readily recognized that this is a much more popular form of school government for these large districts than was offered by the abolished Town Free High School law. Under the Town Free High School law, the elections, being held on the day of town elec- tions, tended to confuse school matters with town politics and also to keep women electors from exercising the right of voting on school matters. The change of form of school government will prove bene- ficial and satisfactory in every way. Uhapter 580. Section 1. There is added to the statutes a new section and to section 20.32 a new subsection to read: Section 579t. (1) Upon application by the district board of any school district embracing within its limits any village or city, or the board of edu- cation of any city, the state superintendent may authorize such school district board or board of education to establish and main- tain within the corporate limits of any such village or city, respect- ively, a special class for the instruction of exceptional persons of school age who reside in said school district or city. 2. The courses, qualifications of teachers and plan of organizing and maintaining such special classes shall comply with such re- quirements as may be outlined by the state superintendent of pub- lic instruction. 3. The state superintendent of public instruction shall appoint in his department a person of suitable training and experience who shall have general supervision of such classes and who shall give special attention to examining, testing and classifying the pupils ap- plying for admission to such special classes and perform such other duties as the state superintendent may direct. Such supervisor shall be exempt from the provisions of sections 16.01 to 16.29, inclusive, of the statutes, and his salary shall be fixed by the state superin- tendent, provided such salary shall not exceed two thousand dol- lars per year. 4. The board of education maintaining such special class or classes under the provisions of this section shall, through its sec- retary or other executive officer, report annually to the state super- intendent, or oftener if he so directs, such facts relative to such class or classes as he may require. 5. Upon the receipt of such report, if it shall appear that the special class or classes have been taught by qualified teachers and in every respect maintained in accordance with the requirements governing such special classes, the state superintendent shall certify to the secretary of state, as due each board of education maintain- ing such special classes, a sum equal to one-third the amount ex- pended for salaries of teachers of such special classes, provided 6g SCHOOL LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 such, sum shall not exceed three hundred dollars per year for each of said teachers; provided, further, that in case the average at- tendance of any such special class shall be less than the minimum attendance required by the regulations governing such classes, the state superintendent may in his discretion apportion a sum which shall bear the same relation to the apportionment hereinbefore pro- vided as the average daily attendance bears to the required mini- mum attendance. Upon receiving such certificate, the secretary of state shall draw his warrant, payable to the treasurer of the school board maintaining such classes, for the amount specified in such certificate. Chapter 614. (Ch. 459, laws of 1907) Section 16. 1. The said board shall report to the common council of each city under this act, at or before the first meeting of the council in September in each year, tlie amount of money required for the next fiscal year for the support of all public schools in said city including high schools, and it shall be the duty of said common council to levy and collect a tax upon all the property subject to taxation in said city, at the same time and in the same manner as other taxes are levied and collected by law, which, together with the other funds provided by law, and placed at the disposal of said city for the same purpose, shall be equal to the amount of money so required by the said board of school directors for school purposes, as pro- vided in this act; the said board shall also report to the common council, at the same time as above, the amount of money required for the next fiscal year for the repair and keeping in order of school buildings, fixtures and the repair of broken or worn out furniture, the making of material betterments to school property and the pur- chase of the necessary additions to school sites, in accordance with the provisions of this act, and it shall be the duty of the said com- mon council to levy and collect a tax upon all the real and personal property in said city, subject to taxation, at the same time and in the same manner as other taxes are levied and collected by law, which shall be equal to the amount of money so required by the said board of school directors for the said purpose, as provided in this act; provided, th.at the tax bo levied upon each dollar of the assessed valuation of all property, real and personal, in said city, subject to taxation, shall not in any one year, exceed two and seven- tenths (2.7) mills, except that for the years nineteen hundred and eighteen and nineteen hundred and nineteen it shall not exceed two and nine-tenths (2.9) mills on the dollar of the total assessed valu- ation of all property, real and personal, in such city, subject to tax- ation, for the support of all schools, and three-tenths (.3) of a mill upon the dollar of the total assessed value of all property, real and personal, in such city, subject to taxation, for the repair and keep- ing in order of school buildings, fixtures, grounds and fences, the purchase of school furniture and the repair of broken and worn SCHOOL LAWS OP WISCONSIN, 1917 69 out furniture, the making of material betterments to school prop- erty and the purchase of necessary additions to school sites, and the said taxes for the purpose named in this section shall be in addition to the ten (10) mill tax provided for by law for other city pur- poses. The said tax and the entire school fund of the city shall not be used or appropriated, directly or indirectly, for any other pur- pose than the payment of the salaries of the superintendent of schools and his legally authorized assistants, the secretary of the school board, and legally qualified teachers whose appointments are confirmed by said board and such employes as the board may deem necessary, the necessary and current expenses of the schools, including the purchase of school supplies, apparatus, fuel, gas, electricity or electrical power, and such other school purchases and purposes as may be required for the proper maintenance and admin- istration of the schools. 2. All moneys received by or raised in such city for school pur- poses shall be paid over to the city treasurer, to be disbursed by him on the orders of the president and secretary of said board, countersigned by the city comptroller; provided, that the president, instead of signing each order, may certify upon the pay rolls furn- ished by the _ secretary to the comptroller to the fact that the amounts therein are correct as allowed by said board. Provided, that the board of school directors may provide by resolution for the payment of all persons employed by said board in the service of the city upon monthly pay rolls, and the manner in which the same shall be certified, audited and approved, and payment made thereon, and isuch pay rolls shall in all cases be certified by the president and secretary and finance committee of said board of school directors, and countersigned by the city comptroller of such city. This chapter amends section 16 of chapter 459 of the Laws of 1907. This law relates to cities of the first class only (Milwaukee is the only city of this class in Wisconsin). Chapter 652. Section 560m. All special state aid for first class rural schools for the year ending June 30, 1917, and all state aid on account of transportation of children to and from school for the year ending June 30, 1917, in accordance with sections 419e to 419h, inclusive, 430 — 1 to 430 — 8, inclusive, 496 — 9 to 496 — 12, in- clusive, 496q to 496t, inclusive, and subsection 7 of section 496e, statutes of 1915, shall be apportioned and paid in accordance with the provisions of the statutes of 1915. Chapter 674. Section 439a — 1. Until September first, 1918, any person between the ages of fourteen and sixteen, unless indentured as an apprentice, as provided in section 2377, and after that date any person between the ages of fourteen and seventeen, living within two miles of the school of any town, or within the corporate limits 70 SCHOOL, LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 of any city or village and not physically incapacitated, who is not required by section 439a to attend some public, private or parochial school, and who is not attending a free high school or equivalent of a high school, must either attend some public, private, or paro- chial school, or attend for at least eight hours a week for at least eight months and for such additional months or parts thereof as the other public schools in such city, town or village are in session in excess of eight during the regular school year, or the equivalent as may be determined by the local board of industrial education, an industrial, continuation, or commercial school, provided such school or schools are maintained according to the provisions of sec- tions 553p— 1 to 553p — 9, inclusive, in the town, village or city in which his parents or guardians reside. This section shall apply only to persons between the ages herein specified, living in towns, villages and cities maintaining schools as provided in sections 553p — 1 to 553p — 9, inclusive, of the statutes. (Section 1728a) 1. No child between the ages of fourteen and seventeen years unless indentured as an apprentice, as provided in section 23 77 of the statutes, shall be employed, required, suffered or permitted to work at any time in any factory, or workshop, store, hotel, restaurant, bakery, mercantile establishment, laundry, tele- graph, telephone or public messenger service, or the delivery of any merchandise, or at any gainful occupation, or employment, directly or indirectly, or, in cities wherein a vocational school is maintained, in domestic service other than casual employment in such service, unless there is first obtained from the industrial commission or from a judge of a county, municipal, or juvenile court designated by the industrial commission where such child resides, or from some other person designated by said commission, a written permit au- thorizing the employment of such child in such employment within such time or times as the said industrial commission or a judge or other person designated by said commission may fix; providing, that such times shall not conflict with those designated in subsec- tion 1 of section 1728c. (Section 1728a — 3) 1. The permit required by section 1728a of the statutes shall contain the signature of the director of the continuation school where the child is to attend and state the name, the date and place of birth of the child, and describe the color of hair and eyes, the height and weight, and any distinguishing facial marks of such child, and that the papers required in subsection 2 hereof have been duly examined, approved and filed. Section 1728b. 1. Every person, firm or corporation, agent or manager of any firm or corporation employing minors in domestic service coming within the provisions of subsection I of section 1728a or in any factory or workshop, store, office, hotel, restaurant, bakery, mercantile establishment, laundry, telegraph, telephone or public messenger service within this state shall keep a register in the place where such minor is employed, and subject at all times SCHOOL LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 71 to the inspection of any factory inspector, or assistant factory in- spector, or truant officer, in which register shall be recorded the name, age, date of birth and place of residence of every child em- ployed, permitted or suffered to work therein, under the age of sev- enteen years, except as provided by section 2377, for indentured apprentices. 2. No person, firm or corporation, agent or manager of any firm or corporation shall hire or employ, permit or suffer to work in any domestic service, coming within the provisions of subsection I of section 1728a, mercantile establishment, factory or workshop, store, office, hotel, restaurant, bakery, laundry, telegraph, telephone or public messenger service, any child not indentured as an apprentice as provided in section 2377, under seventeen years of age, unless there is first provided and placed on file in such mercantile estab- lishment, factory, workshop, store, office, hotel, restaurant, bakery, laundry, telegraph, telephone or public messenger service office, or other place of employment included herein a permit granted by the industrial commission or by any judge or person designated by said commission as provided in section 1728a. (Section 1728c) 1. No child under the age of sixteen years shall be employed, required, permitted or suffered to work at any ga,inful occupation, other than domestic service or farm labor, for more than forty-eight hours in any one week, nor more than eight hours in any one day, or before the hour of seven o'clock in the morning or after the hour of six o'clock in the evening, nor more than six days in any one week. A dinner period of not less than thirty minutes shall be allowed during each day. During such din- ner period the power shall be shut off from machinery operated by children, and no work shall be permitted. Provided nothing in sec- tions 1728a to 1728J, inclusive, shall be construed to interfere with the employment of children as provided in sections 1728a — 1 and 1728u of the statutes, (Section 1728c — 1) 1. Whenev'er any day continuation classes, industrial school or commercial school shall be established in any town, village or city in this state for minors between the ages of fourteen and sixteen, working under permit as now provided by law, every such child residing or employed within any town, village or city in which any such school is established, shall attend such school in the daytime not less than eight hours per week for at least eight months in each year and for such additional months or parts thereof as the other public schools in such city, town or village are in ses- sion in excess of eight during the regular school year, or the equiv- alent as may be determined by the local board of industrial educa- tion, subject to the provisions of section 439a — 1, until such child becomes sixteen years of age, and every employer shall allow all minor employes over fourteen and under sixteen years of age a re- duction in hours of work of not less than the number of hours the minor is by this section required to attend school. 72 SCHOOL LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 (Section 1728e) 1. The industrial commission or judge or other person designated by the commission under section 1728a, may re- fuse to grant permits in the case of children who may seem physi- cally unable to perform the labor at which they may be employed. They may also refuse to grant a permit if, in their judgment, the best interests of the child would be served by such refusal. (Section 1728o — 2) 1. Until September first, 1918, whenever an industrial, continuation or commercial school shall be estab- lished according to the provisions of sections 553p — 1 to 553p — 9, inclusive, of the statutes, in any town, village or city, any minor not indentured as an apprentice as provided in section 23 77 of the statutes, or not regularly attending any other recognized school be- tween the ages of sixteen and seventeen, residing or working in such town, village or city, shall attend such school in the daytime not less than four hours per week for at least eight months in each year and for such additional months or parts thereof as the other public schools of such city, town or village are in session in excess of eight during the regular school year or the equivalent as may be determined by the local board of industrial education. Every em- ployer shall allow all such minor employes a reduction in hours of worK of not less than the number of hours the minor is by this sec- tion required to attend school. Whenever the working time and the class time coincide, such reduction in hours of work shall be allowed at the time when the classes which the minor is by law required to attend are held. (Section 1728o — 2) 2. From and after September first, 1918, whenever an industrial, continuation or commercial school shall be established according to the provisions of sections 553p — 1 to 553p — 9, inclusive, of the statutes, in any town, village or city, any minor not indentured as an apprentice as provided in section 2377 of the statutes, or not regularly attending any other recognized school, between the ages of sixteen and seventeen, residing or work- ing in such town, village or city, shall attend such school in the daytime not less than 8 hours per week for at least eight months, and for such additional months or parts thereof as the other public schools of such city, town or village are in session in excess of eight during the regular school year, or the equivalent, as may be de- termined by the local board of industrial education. Every em- ployer shall allow all such minor employes a reduction in hours of work of not less than the number of hours the minor is by this sec- tion required to attend school. The total hours of schooling and employment for boys over sixteen and under seventeen years of age shall not exceed fifty-five hours per week. Whenever the working time and the class time coincide, such reduction in hours shall be allowed at the time when the classes which the minor is by law re- quired to attend are held. (Section 1728o — 2) 3. Any violation of this section in a case involving a minor in employment shall be punished as is provided in the case of violation of the provisions of section 1728a of the SCHOOL LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 73 statutes and any violation in a case involving a minor not in em- ployment shall be punished as is provided in the case of violating the provisions of section 439a of the statutes. The enforcement of the provisions of this chapter devolves upon the industrial commission. Chapter 675. (Section 553p — 3) 7. This board shall have power to purchase all machinery, tools and supplies, and purchase or lease suitable grounds or buildings for the use of the schools under its supervision; to rent to others any portion of such build- ings and grounds not presently needed for school purposes; and to erect, improve or enlarge buildings for the use of said schools. Ex- isting school buildings and equipment shall be used as far as prac- ticable. All conveyances, leases and contracts shall be in the name of the city, and all property, real or personal, acquired by said city for the use of said schools under the supervision of the board of industrial education shall belong to the city. (Section 553p — 3) 6. The teachers in the schools created under sections 553p — 1 to 553p — 15, inclusive, .shall be employed and their qualifications determined by the local board of industrial edu- cation, subject to the approval of the state board of industrial edu- cation; and, subject to such approval, the said local board may em- ploy such other technical advisors and experts or highly trained, experienced and skilled individuals as may be necessary for the proper execution of the duties devolving upon it by law and fix their compensation. For office work in connection with the administra- tion of the schools under its control the said local board, whenever it deems advisable, may employ and fix the compensation of any students of any school under its supervision for such length of time as it may deem for the best interest of such students and of any such school. (Section 553p — 3) 10. Said local board of industrial education shall have exclusive charge and control over the schools established by it and over all property, real and personal, acquired by the city for the use of the schools under the supervision of said board, ex- cept as otherwise provided by the statutes governing said schools. Said board may sue in the name of such city, and may carry out and enforce all powers granted by law to said board and may defend all suits brought against said city in all matters relating' to said board. All work done or supplies or material purchased in carry- ing out the purposes of the statutes relating to the board of indus- trial education when involving the expenditure of five hundred dol- lars, or more, shall be by contract awarded to the lowest competent and reliable bidder, in accordance with the laws of this state and ordinances then applicable to any city having a board of industrial education having reference to the letting of public work by and through the board or commissioner of public works, or other officer or oflicers, or department of such city, except that said board of in- 74 SCHOOL LAWS OP WISCONSIN, 1917 dustrial education sliall discharge the duties imposed by sucli laws upon the board or commissioner of public works, or other officer or officers, or department of such city; but said board of industrial education shall have power to purchase without public advertise- ment or first receiving competitive bids, or the intervention of a formal contract, any patented article, appliance, apparatus, material or process, or any article, appliance, apparatus, material or process made or manufactured by one party only. Whenever any bidder for any work to be let by the board of industrial education shall be, in the judgment of said board, incompetent or otherwise unreliable for the performance of the work for which he bids, the said board may accept the bid of the person who, in its judgment, is the lowest competent and reliable bidder for said work, stating its reasons therefor, or relet the same anew. The board of industrial educa- tion may permit a sum of money or a certified check payable to the order of the board to be filed with any bid or proposal in such an amount as in the judgment of the said board will save the city from any loss if the bidder shall fail to execute a contract pursuant to law, in case his bid is accepted and the contract awarded to him. Every contract made by the board of industrial education shall con- tain an agreement on the part of the contractor and his sureties that in case such contractor shall fail to fully and completely per- form his contract Vyfithin the time therein limited for the perform- ance thereof, such contractor shall pay to the city as liquidated damages for such default, a certain fixed sum to ""be named in the contract, which shall be such a sum as in the judgment of said board will save the city from any loss on account of such defauir and insure the prompt completion of the contract, or in lieu of such an agreement contain an agreement on the part of the contractor and his sureties that in case such contractor shall fail to fully and completely perform his part of the contract within the time therein limited for the performance thereof, such contractor shall pay to the city as liquidated damages for such default a definite sum, to be named in the contract, for each day's delay in completing said contract after the time therein limited for its completion, which daily sum shall be such an amount as in the judgment of said board will save the city from loss in case of such default and insure the prompt completion of the contract. Every contract shall also be executed by at least two sufficient sureties, or a surety company, to be approved by the board of industrial education, who shall guar- antee the full performance of the contract by the contractor to the satisfaction of the said board, according to the plans and specifica- tions of the said board, and be liable for such performance of the contract, as sureties, in an amount equal to the said board's esti- mate of the aggregate cost of the work. When a contractor shall proceed properly and with due diligence to perform and complete a contract, the said board may, in its discretion, from time to time as the work progresses, grant to said contractor an estimate of the amount already earned for the work done, withholding in all cases SCHOOL £)AWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 75 fifteen per cent of said estimate when said estimate is less than one hundred thousand dollars, and ten per cent of said estimate when said estimate is one hundred thousand dollars or over, which shall entitle the contractor to receive said estimate less the amount with- held. Said board shall be empowered, if it see fit, to insert in the specifications of any such work reasonable and lawful conditions as to hours of labor, wages, and the residence and character of work- men to be employed by the contractor, and especially so far as may be practicable in the judgment of said board, such reasonable and lawful conditions as will tend to confine employment on such work, in whole or in part, to permanent and bona fide residents of the state of Wisconsin; and provided, however, also that said board may do any part or parts of any such work under such conditions in every respect as it may prescribe by day labor. Any and all bids or parts of bids for any such work or supplies or materials may be rejected by said board. The said board shall have the power to demand of such bidders and contractors that all contracts shall be let subject to the provisions of chapter 110a of the Wisconsin stat- utes for 1915 and acts amendatory thereof, entitled "Workmen's 'Compensation and Industrial Commission," to the end that said board and such city may be held harmless. Chapter 677. Section 41.18. Requirements for Admission of Pupils. The schools established under sections 41.13 to 41.21, shall be open to all residents of the cities, towns and villages in which such schools are located, of fourteen years of age or over who are not by law required to attend other schools, and to all persons over fourteen years of age employed in said cities, towns or villages but who are residents of other municipalities maintaining vocational schools; provided that no such person who is a resident of any mu- nicipality maintaining vocational schools, shall be received in or admitted to classes in any such school in any other municipality except upon presentation to the authorities of such school of the written approval of the local board of industrial education having charge of such school in the municipality wherein such person re- sides. Any city, town or village maintaining vocational schools as provided in sections 41.13 to 41.21, that shall, as herein provided, admit to the privileges of such schools persons employed in such municipalities, but who are residents of other municipalities main- taining vocational schools, is empowered to collect tuition for the schooling of such nonresident persons, from the municipality in which the parents or guardians of such persons reside, in the same manner and at the same rate of tuition as is provided for the col- lection of tuition for nonresident pupils in section 41.19. Any per- son over the age of fourteen who shall reside in any town, village or city not having a vocational school as provided in said sections, and who is otherwise qualified to pursue the course of study may, with the approval of the local board of industrial education in any 76 SCHOOL LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 town, village or city having a school established under said sec- tions, be allowed to attend any school under their supervision. Such persons shall be subject to the same rules and regulations as pupils of the school who are residents of the town, village or city in which the school is located. The above is a part only of chapter 677 but inasmuch as it relates directly to matters determined by chapter 675 and is virtually a continuation of that chapter, it is inserted here. Chapter 67 9. Section 1. It is hereby declared to be the legisla- tive intent that the amendment of section 20.21 of the statutes by chapter 612 laws of 1917 shall not repeal subsection (2) of said section 20.21 created by chapter 451 laws of 1917. The latter hav- ing been omitted from the amendment of section 20.21 by said chap- ter 612 by clerical oversight. This is a correcting statute. Chapter 63. Section 553a — 2. 1. The teacher, principal, superin- tendent or other person having direct charge of and supervision over any public, private or parochial school, high school, college or normal school in this state shall, at least once each month without previous warning, cause all persons in attendance at any such institution to be drilled in proper methods of orderly and rapid departure from each building exceeding one story in height belonging to such institution as if in case of fire. 2. Any person who shall fail to comply with the provisions of this, section shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and upon conviction thereof shall be punished by a fine of not more than twenty-five dol- lars. Chapter 53. Section 1408a. 1. Upon the appearance of any dan- gerous communicable disease in any school district, it shall be the duty of the health officer of the township, incorporated village, or city where the schoolhouse is located to notify at once, in writing, the principal or teacher of such school and the librarian of all libraries in any such town, village, or city, giving the names of all families where the disease exists. If the rules of the state board of health pro- vide for the exclusion from school of teachers, or pupils from homes where such disease exists, the health officer shall request the principal of tfhe school to exclude from school attendance all such persons until a written order signed by the health officer permitting attendance at school is presented. 2. Whenever the principal or teacher of the school has been notified of the prevalence of a dangerous communicable disease in the school district, or whenever the principal or teacher of the school knows or suspects that a dangerous communicable disease is present in the school district, it shall be the duty of such principal to at once notify the health officer of the town, village or city where the schoolhouse is SCHOOL, LAWS OF WISCONSIN, 1917 77 located, of such absence from school on. account of sickness. The health officer must then Investigate all such cases, to determine whether ror not a dangerous communicable disease is present in such family. 3. Library books shall not be taken into a home where a dangerous communicable disease exists, and shall not be returned to the library from a home where such disease exists or has recently occurred unless disinfected as hereinafter provided. Infected books or books suspected of being infected shall be burned, unless thoroughly disinfected by or under the direction of the local health officer. Section 1408b. Parents, guardians, or persons having custody of any child or children, shall not permit such child or children, if afflicted with a dangerous communicable disease, to attend school. * * * INDEX Chapter Additional room and teacher — Sixty pupil law 157 Apportionment, — school census 284 Apportionments for transportation 441 Attendance — compulsory 285 Board meetings — district Joint v/ith city or village 165 Billiards — pool — minors — 18 yrs 118 Bond — issues by cities 154 Certificates — teachers — for 1919 and 1921 269 Cities — first class— school boards 614 Cities — special taxes 542 Cities— first class — superintendent of schools ' . . 490 City schools and school boards — first class 59 Cleanliness of pupils — teachers' duty 9 7 Communicable diseases — duty of teacher 53 Compensation — director- — treasurer — census 143 Compulsory attendance 285 Compulsory attendance — continuation schools 674 Compulsory attendance — truant officers 2 60 Consolidated schools — state aid 510 Contracts for work — (important statute) 388 Correcting statute — institute fund (Chap. 451) 679 County agricultural representatives 224 County training schools 405 County training schools — buildings for — special aid .... 232 Crippled children — state public school 98 Crippled children — transportation and lunches — Milwau- kee schools 236 Day schools for deaf 343 Director — treasurer — compensation — census 143 Diseases — reports of 53 District meetings — annual — special 135 Districts — formation — alteration of boundaries, etc, etc. 497 Exceptional children — special classes 580 Fire drills — school (important) 63 High schools — district and union 563 Alteration of district boundaries Annual meeting Annual meeting — notice Board to publish financial report • Courses of study Dissolution of district District comprising one or two towns Election — how conducted How established Including city — special case Including incorporated village Officers Powers of electors Page 13 22 32 23 14 9 13 21 68 51 38 6 10 23 69 21 45 28 76 17 30 18 8 20 25 10 10 41 67 52-67 59 57 58 65 63 64 55 58 52 54 56 57 62 INDEX 79 union free high Chapter High schools — continued. Qualification — teachers Special meeting State aids Statement of tuition Taxes — how collected Three year contract — principal . Town free high schools became schools Union free high schools Vote taken by ballot Income tax — expenditure for schools 234 Industrial and Continuation schools — tax rate 436 Industrial schools — admission of pupils 677 Industrial schools — power of boards 675 Loans from trust funds — how made — districts — towns — etc 536 Lunches and transportation — crippled children — Mil- waukee 236 Lunches for pupils — any school 427 Nonresident tuition — university 359 Proposals for supplies in cities 59 Records delivered to successor — penalty 178 Revision of high school laws — (see high schools) 563 Rural schools — state aid — first class 317 Rural schools — state aid — transportation 652 Rural schools — state aid to teachers 344 Sanitation for schools — teachers duty 97 Site — equipment — loans from bank or individual Ill Special district meetings — (important) 438 State aid for teachers' institute 451 State aid — minimum salary for teachers 284 State graded schools — no aid in certain cases 187 State Mining School — Platteville — course of study 544 Stout Institute — graduates — teachers 528 Stout Institute — training teachers — economics — technical training 416 Superintendents in cities — first class 490 Tax levy — first-class cities 614 Taxes — special — cities — third and fourth class 542 Teachers — examination — state certificates — fees 403 Teachers — exchange — "with other states 340 Teachers — state aid to 528 Textbooks — five year adoption 499 Township system — taxes to pay — unpaid obligations .... 189 Training school for public service — LTniversity 412 Transportation — special aid for first-class niral schools. . 652 Transportation of pupils 441 Board may pay lodging, etc Board to levy tax Consolidated districts Contract to be in writing Rate per mile — state aid Report to state superintendent . . State graded school — special aids Suspension of school — state aid . Suspension of school — tuition . . . Truant officers — duties 260 Trust fund indebtedness — how collected — joint district — duty of district clerk — (Important) 546 Page 61 59 66 64 60 63 66 55 56 19 31 75 73 47 20 31 27 6 15 52 24 52 26 8 9 31 38 22 16 51 46 31 38 68 51 29 25 46 44 17 30 69 33-37 34 33 32 33 35 34 37 36-37 33 21 51 80 INDEX Chapter Page Tuition — nonresident — state graded schools — first class 71 6 Validating and confirming creation of districts 442 38 Validating and confirming change of district goverrv t 172 14 Vocational schools (See Industrial and Continuation schools) • Wild animals — economic value of — duties of teachers . . . 102 8 '.;:!r.'. Syracuse, N. Y. PAT. JAN. 21, 1908 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 9 020 313 008 9