HISTOKY SIXTIETH REGIMENT NEW YORK ST^ATE YOLUNTEERS, FROM THE COMMENCEMENT OF ITS ORGANIZATION IN JULY, 18G1, TO ITS PUBLIC RECEPTION AT OGDENSBURGH AS A VETERAN COMMAND, JANUARY 7th, 1864 BY RICHARD EDDY CHAPLAIN. ' ' ■' : PHILADELPHIA, PA. PUBLISHED BY THE AUTHOR, 133 CONGRESS STREET. 1864. Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1864, by RICHARD EDDY, in the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. STEEEOTTPERS, PHILAD'A V ■^' CRISST & MABKLET, PRINTERS. TO ALL PAST AND PRESENT MEMBERS s; iriirfl] gcgiuunt IJeto prit BhU minims, WITH AFFECTIONATE REMEMBRANCE QF THE DEAD, AND SINCERE GOOD WISHES FOR THE LIVING ,' AND TO THK HON. AMAZIAH 1. JAMES, TO WHOM INDEBTEDNESS IS THANKFULLY ACKNOWLEDGED FOR THE PRIVILEGE OF BEING ENROLLED WITH MY COMPANIONS IN THE MILITARY SERVICE ^ OK THE UNITED STATES, These pages are gratefully inscribed # BY THE AUTHOR. PREFACE. The following pages have been written chiefly from a de- sire to gratify the families and friends of those connected with the 60th Regiment, by placing before them a true account of the varied vicissitudes through which that command has passed. So much of the book as claims to be a statement of fact, may be relied upon as being strictly true. The opinions of men and of measures, expressed from time to time, are my own, and no one else should be held responsible for them. Although it is my belief that, in the main, they are also the opinions of a large majority of the regiment, and, in some cases, express a unanimous conviction, I wish it to be under- stood that, except where it may otherwise be positively stated, T do not offer them as the speculations of any one besides myself. ■ The events herein recorded, as transpiring prior to the 20th of February, 1863, are those which, for the most part, came under my own observation ; which fact, I beg the reader to bear in mind, as accounting for the egotism, which I knew^ not how to avoid, in giving a narrative of personal expe- riences. I acknowledge obligations to many, for help in perfecting A^ (V) VI PREFACE. the book, but hope that I may not be thought to underesti- mate the aid afforded by others, by here recording my especial gratitude to Quartermaster Merritt, and to Adjutant Willson. Associating, as I did for so many months, with those whose military career I here attempt to record, — a period of time which, so varied were its vicissitudes, that I cannot recall it without the deepest and tenderest emotion, — I have, in making up these pages, cherished the hope that I might thus secure a more lasting remembrance in the hearts of those who have so nobly dared and suffered for our beloved country. * RICHAED EDDY. Philadelphia, March, 1864. CONTENTS Tage. Dedication iii Preface v THE ORGANIZATION. Governor Morgan calls the 33d N. Y. State Militia into service — Colonel Brundage lays out the work — Organization of the Companies — How Seniority of Rank was Determined — Flag Presented to Company " A" — Chaplaincy — First Koli- gious Service — General Thorndike's Request — Prayer Meetings — My Quarters —Flag Presented to Company " D" — Colonel Brundage goes to Albany — Certi- ficate sent — Captain Goodrich before the Board — The Officers Opposed to his Promotion over Brundage — Hon. W. A.Wheeler Presents the National Coluis , — Disposition of Time — Quarters and Rations — Arrival of Colonel Hayward — Kis Commission and Speech — The Grand Flourish— Interview with the Colo- nel — His Extravagant Speech — Vote on the Chaplaincy — Mustering in — Eler- tion in Company "A" — Presentation of the State Banner — Speeches on the Occasion — Change from Militia to Volunteers — Order under which the Re.i;i- ment Organized — Names from the Descriptive Book — Strength of Regiment on leaving Camp Wheeler 1 11. GOING INTO SERVICE. My Determination — Hon. A. B. James' Letter Endorsed by Hons. C. G. Myers and W. H. Dart — Audience with Governor Morgan — The Certificate Found — The Governor's Assurance — Transportation Furnished — Report to Colonel Hay- ward — His Embarrassment — His Interview Avith the Governor — The Regi- ment in New York — Flags Presented — The Colonel's Speech — The " Pious Re- gimenf'at Baltimore— The Regiment at Washington— Troubled Spirits— A Problem to be worked out 41 III. RAILROAD DUTY. Disposition of the Companies on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad — Colonel Rob- inson Acting-Brigadier — Importance of the Duty — The Vigilance Comniittco — Looking out a Camp in the Rain — The Colonel Informed of the Feeling against him— His Speech to the Men — The Problem unsolved — Canij) Morgan — Mediation — Further Disposition of the Companies- Accidi>i!t to McDonald — The Letter to the Colonel — His Communication — Deatli of H. W. Powers — Railroad Circular— Moving Camp — Camp Rathbune — Importance of Correct Spelling — Another Letter — The Visitors — Colonel Robinson's Advice — Colonel Hayward's Efforts to Please- Sad Aflair at EUicott's Mills — Court of Inquiry — "Requisition on de Guard" — Postal Affairs in November — Trip to Washington — Letters by the bushel — First Vi- sit from the Paymaster— Money sent North— Moving Camp— The Location- False Tradition— Death of H.W. Dunn— Captain Redington in Arrest— Change iu Position of Company "C'aud " H"— Camp Fidgetty— Retaliatory Charges vii Vm CONTENTS. Page. —Sad Accident on the Railroad — A Bag of Good Tilings — Sickness— The Measles— Regimental Hospital— Mrs. S. W. Kuster— Death of A. Geer, J. Ka- yanagh, S. P. Melvin, M. Stevens, H. Adrain, H. E. Meacham— Letters Mailed in December — Death of L. Duprey — Colonel Hay ward sends in his Resigna- tion—Singular Epidemic— Mrst Snow— Deep Mud— The Barracks Attacked by the Vviml— The Measles Decrease - Shocking Death of E. H. Porter— Colo- nel Ilayward's Discharge — Unnecessary Humiliation — Petition for Lieuten- ant-Colonel Goodrich's Promotion— Paymaster Elliott — Amount sent Home- Justice to Colonel Hayward 46 IV. LIFE IN BARRACKS. Location, Form and Size of Barracks — Named Camp Preston King — Qiiarters of other Companies— Railroad Duty thought Degrading — Accident to J. L. For- ward—Unexpected Arrival of Colonel Greene— His Antecedents— Impression — Colonel's first Work — Arms Inspected — Efforts to get the Regiment to- gether— Death of 0. C. Dunton— Gift of Testaments— Good Things from Home — The Mittens— Mrs. Emerson's Letter — Letters Mailed in January — Books and Tracts Received — Singing in Religious services — Sudden Death of Edmond Mason — Social Gathering at Camp Loane — Death of D. P. Whitman— 22d of February — Regimental Drill — Company " Q" — The Martyr to his Religion — Drumming Out of Camp— Letters Mailed in February— Piuraors— The Move- Death of Lieutenant Eastman— Promotions— Colonel D. S. Miles our Briga- dier — Captain Jones Proposes to Capture the Merrimac — Board of Examiners for Crowley— His Removal— Promotion of Sergeant N. M. Dickenson— Head- quarters Moved to Camp Miles — Changes in Location of Companies — My Quarterly Report— ^olonel Miles Opposes our Going to Washington— Letters 'Mailed in March — Thanksgiving — Court-Martial Proceedings — Escape of Davenport — Pay-day — Unfortunate Death of Wallace Smith — Lieutenant Gleason Returns with Recruits — Trip to Washington— Decision from Good Authoritj' — Who shall he Major — Letters Mailed in April— Promotions— Pe- tition for Captain Redington to Resign — His Appeal — General Greene's Fare- well Order — The OflTicers' Letter — Major James Ai-rives — Important Tele- giaph 73 V. harper's ferry AND BOLIVAR. Six Companies Leave the Relay— Companies "B," "C," "G," and "I," Remain- Arrival at Sandy Hook — Great Confusion — No Artillery — Batteries Arrive — Lieutenant-Colonel HayAvard — General Saxtouin Command — The Sixtieth the First to Reach the Sacred Soil — Harper.'s Ferry — Bolivar Heights — Line of Battle — Night Alarm — Colonel Ullman's Nervousness — The Reconnoissance — Confiscated Hog — The Repulse — Brigadier-General Slough — He Takes our Ad- jutant — The New Line of Battle — Pickets Driven in — Change of Base — The Baggage Covers the Reti'eat — Camp Hill— The Sharpshooters Draw the Reb- el's Fire — The Night Fight — Another Reconnoissance — Another Wet Night — Sunday Rest— Letters Mailed in May ., 101 VI. THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY. General Sigel in Command— Marching Orders— The Guard Left Behind— " Get Ao- customed to it" — A "\Veary Night— Charlestown — John Brown's " Soul goes Marching on"— Bivouac at Smitlifield — More Rain — Fainting— Clothing Aban- doned—Fording—Post of Honor— Winchester— The City Hall— Confiscations — Deaths— Provost Guard Duty— Living on the Country— Reception of General Banks' Troops— Serenade— Review— Religious Service— Leave of Absence- Major James' Letter to the V/ar Department— Return— General Sigei's Deci- sion—The Band Dissatisfied— The Valley— Eaidy Settlements— First Family Titles— Visit to General Greene— Rebel Officer Arrested at New Town— Camp Tait— Return of Company " H"— Mrs. Heater and her Accommodating Hus- band—General Slough's Parting Promise to them— Foraging— Gleason and CONTENTS. IX Page. a she Kol.el Comfort each other— TJio Amiahle Danprhter— .Tiidgmpnt Ron- • dered— Secreted Guns— The Search— Trophiea brought in— Drills— The Color Guard on Niccht Duty— Artillery Kcinforcements— 'SVilliani iMoss,.7r.,in Love —Advocate? an Accommodating Marriage— New Use of " Ditto"— Yisit to 'Mr. Stickles— The White Slave- A Scarred Back— The Agreement— Night Trip— The Joyful Return— Chaplain Carpenter— Colonel Gooihuch to go toM;ish- ington— Resignation of Lieutonant Shedd— Lieutenant Greene Appointed and Assigned— Camp Goodrich— Further Symptoms of Mr. Moss' Love- IIis Let- ter— Death of Jno. Kcllison— Resignation of Lieutenant Spencer— Sickn<'ss Commences- Fainting on Parade— Typhus Fever— Sanitary Commissiattle — Again in Brigade — Mfii'ching and Countermarching — Dr. Chambers and self go to Bealton— Dr. Burbeck— The Sick chsposed of— Baggage Loaded — Search for the Regiment 154 X. THE RETREAT THROUGH VIRGINIA. The Unsuccessful Search— Tlie Regiment Found — Fight near the Springs— J. E. White wounded— The Excited Officer— Wiard's Steel-rifled Battery— White's Death — Trip to Warrenton — Nothing to Eat — Dr. Chambers again — The Doix- ble Breakfast —Waterloo — Cornish Finds the Rebels — Back to Bealton — Fight at the Springs — Hiding in the Woods — Luminous* Shoulder-straps — Warrenton Junction — Rebels Near — Cattlett's Station — Rear Guard — The Bridge Burned— The Leader of the Band must Die — Destruction of the Train — Long March to Get a Short Distance— Captain Elliott taken Prisoner— Man- assas Junction — Our Teams Unloaded — The Contents Destroyed — The Order to Destroy Property — Its Value to tis — The Night Picket — Fight near Centre- ville — A Severe Night — The Long March — Arlington Heights — Adjutant Gale Promoted — A Narrow Escape — Return of Lieutenant Spencer — His Second Resignation — Promotion of Sergeant Nolan — Tenallytown — Major James Promoted — Promotion of Captain Godard, Lieutenants Shipman, Rich and Sergeant Kelsey— Letters for the Absent — I go to Washington 163 XI. * THE MARYLAND CAMPAIGN. Hunting up the Sick — Attack of Fever — In Search of the Regiment — Seneca Mills — Dangerous Travelling Down the Canal —Frederick City — The Paroled Men — The Brigade Supply Train — South Mountain Battle-ground — The Wounded— The Reserves— A Long Search— Rebel Wounded — Find General Greene — General McClellan and Staff — The Wounded Man's Enthusiasm — {Silencing the Rebel Guns — Rejoining the Regiment — Casualties — Lieutenant- Colonel Brundage's Report — Willson goes North with the Body of the Colonel — The Band have been Discharged — Strength of Regiment— Skirmishers only Engaged — The Wounded Rebel Damns the Enfield — The Dead on the Field — Posture of the Slain — The Flag of Truce Violated — Rebel Prisoners — Bio- graphical Sketch of Colonel GoocMch , 172 XII. RETURN TO VIRGINIA. Marching Orders — Up Maryland Heights — Telegi-aphing — Rambles — Altitude of the Heights — We go down to Sandy Hook— The Brigade out to Religious Ser- A'ice — Fording — The Cunning Mule — Loudon Heights — Expensive Living — Clearing the Timber — Visit from the President — Petitions for the Promotion of Lieutenant-Colonel Brundage and Captain Hyde — Moving Camp — Hospital • at the Ferry — Increasing Sickness — Rumors of Railroad Duty — The .Jaundice — The Christening — Trial of Captain Hyde^The Defence— The Acquittal — Willson's Return and Promotion — Convaiescents come in — Sergeant L. Clark Promoted — Major Godard's Return— My Mission to Baltimore — Lieutenant- Colonel Brundage's Protest and Request —Visit to Antietam — The Grain Growing on the Battle-field — Fire on the Mountain — One Hundred Sick — The Unjust Order — Coutradictory and Pi'ovoking Orders — Death of A.Wal- rath and Lieutenant Reynolds — Move to the Valley — Change in Brigade — CONTENTS. XI Page. General N. J. Jackson— Winter Quarters— Disappointment— Move to Bolivar Heights — General Greene and Dr. Gale Return — Lieutenant-Colonel Tenders hi8 Resignation — Petitions for the Colonelcy — Interview with the Governor — General Greene's Letter — We Move to the Ferry— The Important Secret Ser- vice—Petition for Captain Hyde for Colonel — Headquarters on Shenandoah Street — Our new Cook — The Officers' Private Meotrng — Its Interruption — Death of H.J. Smith— The Officers' Votes— Incomplete Pay-Roils— Ordered to go to Washington — My Work there — Brundage goes Home — Promotions of Redingtou, Young, Hohart, and Eastman — Unjust Appointment of Diven — Resignation of Lieutenant King— Major Godard Appointed Provost Marshal — Interview with General Jackson— His Meddlesome Interference — Moving Headquarters — Resignation of Lieutenants Gleason and C. II. Dickenson — • — Strategy — Promotions of Sergeants Adams and Ingi-am — Jhijor Godard Re- signs—Promotions of Captain Thomas and Quarter-Master Merritt— The Lat- ter Declines — Promotion of Sergeant Gwter — Total Nimiber of Cases of Tj'- phus Eever 1^3 XIII. THE MARCH TO BUMFRIES. Marching Orders -Delajr— I Stay Behind with the Quarter-Master — Overtaking the Regiment — Fairfax — Poor Land — ForcUng theOccoquan — Rumors — Ford- ing the Neabsco— A Stormy Night — Bad Roads— Returning — The Noon Re- past- Snow-storm— Cold Nights— Merritt's Fire — A Permanent Halt 198 XIV. CAMP COilFORT. Location of the Camp — How Redington became Lieutenant-Colonel — Captain Hyde's Suggestion — General Geary's Christmas Order — Missing the Road — The Honest Man— The Reconnoissance— We Prepare for an Attack— Arrest of Rich as a Spy— The Troops Return— The Dead brought in— Winter Quar- ters—Trip to Baltimore — The Albany Paper— Wisdom of Jackson andiled- ington-The Officer's Consultation— Death of Perry Stacy— House Warming- Order to be in Readiness — My Recommendation — It Avails Nothing — Dr. Gale Resigns —Marching Orders — They are Countermanded 202 XV. GETTING OUT OF SERVICE. On the Move again— A Good Day's March— The North-East Storm— Deep Mud- Fording the Quantico — General Greene's Precaution against getting Wet — Mr. Dunnington's— Deeper Mud— A good Bed of Boughs — Slow Marching — Cainp on the Pine Ridge— Camp Evergreen— Stafford Court House— Mai)]e Svrtip— Snow-Storms— The Quarter-Master Detailed— Resignation of Captains liyde and Snyder, and Lieutenants Clark and Hurst— Paid Off— I Try to Get Away with the Money — The Lieutenant-Colonel Calls my Application Frivol- ous — I Apply to the General — Captain Ransom Resigns — Breaking Camp — Halt at Acquia Creek— The Old Oak— The Old Grave— Captain Montgomery Resigns — Building Fortifications — Leave of Absence— Lieutenant N. M. Dick- inson Hesigns — Speech to Company "A" — Am Mustered Out — Receipts and Expenditm-os— Exorbitant Prices— Petition from the lOtith N.i'.Voluuteers... 207 XVI. STATISTICAL. Dr. Gale's Opinion of Cause of Typhus Fever — Religious Services — Burial Grounds at Washington C. H. and WaVrenton Springs— Deaths Not Mmitiuned elsewhere — Deserters — Dislionorably Discharged — Honorably Discliarged — Officers Honorably Discharged — Summary of Losses — Strengtii of Regiment Febru- ary 20th, 1863 ; ; „ 215 Xll CONTENTS. , XVII. PAGB. CT!A\CELLORSVILLE AND GETTYSBURG. Sources of Information — Gnard Duty — General Muster — Getting Ready to March — Off for the Fight — Enthusiasm for " Figliting Joe" — Good Roads and Long March«s — Fruitless Search— Surprise and Capture of the Engineers — Rainy Night — Skirmishing— Congratulatory Order — Muster — A Yankee Trick — En- trenchments — The 11th Corps break — Night Attack — Sunday Fight — The Lieutenant-Colonel Missing — Wounded Officers — "Cutting Off Supplies" — General Kane's Congratulations — Attack on the Train — Incidents of Bravery — Captains Carter and Robertson Resign — Death of Sergeant Hayward — Colonel Godard Arrives — Undei-handed Measures of Redington— Off for Gettysburg — Severe March to Fairfax Coui-t House — Godard takes Command — JDeserters Shot at Leesburg — BalFs Bluff Yisited — Crossing to Maryland — Drunkenness — General Meade — On Free Soil again— Cheers for Common Schools— The Trains Parked and Fight Begun — Captured Trophies — Strength of Regiment— Posi- tion of the Regiment — Night Attack — Pursuing the Enemy — Richardson, the Spy — Lee Escapes across the Potomac — Redington Resigns — Following up the Enemy — August Spent in Picket Duty— Hay Obtained — Narrow Escape of the Butchers — Condition of the Regiment — Charge Against Captain Jones — His Retort — The Prayer Meeting — Roll of Honor — Arrest of Captain Rob- ertson — Colors sent to Albany — Mistakes in the Records-Casualties at Chan- cellorsville and Gettysburg — Additional List of Resignations, Discharges, Ap- pointments and Promotions 236 XVIII. GOING TO A NEW FIELD. Moving to the Rapidan — False Alarm — The McCleflan Memorial Rightly Dis- posed of— Marching Orders — Incidents of the Trip through Ohio and Indiana — Arrival at Murfreesboro'— Preparing to Winter there— Going to Bridgeport — Crossing the Tennessee— The Rebels Throw Away their Stolen Garments — The Night Attack at Wauhatchie — Holding the Gap and Making Raids — Mustering for Pay — Extract from General Hooker's Report 281 XIX. THE IMPORTANT VICTORIES. Moving to Lookout Valley — Rebel Desertions — What the Rebels are Fighting for — The ConTraband Guarding his Master — Number of Rebel Deserters — Congra- tulatory Order — Preparations to Attack Lookout Mountain — The Troops De- termined—The Battle — The 60th in Advance of all others — The Captured Flag — Major Thomas Wounded — The Color Sergeant twice hit — Coolness and Bravery of Sergeant Buck— The Relief— The Old Flag floating from the top of Lookout — Rebel Rations Left Behind — Casualties — Occupation of Rebel Tents on Missionary Ridge — Hardee's Lamentations — The March to Ringgold — The 3d Brigade Ordered in— Captain Greene Wounded— Miller's Good Shots — Retreat of the Rebels — Narrow Escape of Colonel Godard — List of Casualties — Incidents in the Death of Sergeant Fitch, as given in his brother's letter — Return to Camp— How General Grant Answered Bragg— General Geary's Con- gi-atulatory Order— President's Proclamation— Thanksgiving Hymn— Presi- dent's Letter to General Grant— General Grant's Congratulatory Order — Pre- sentation of Captured Flags — The Flags sent to Washington— A Staff Officer's Account of the Victories— Historic Significance of the Battle-ground— What to do with Lookout Mountain 298 XX. • THE VETERANS. Inducements for Re-enlisting— The Regiment becomes Veterans- Ordered HomB —Complimentary Notice— Paid Off at Louisville— The Trip Home— Accident near Antwerp— Arrival at Ogdensburgh— Public Reception— My Trip to St. Lawrence County— Funeral Services for Sergeant James C. Fitch— Results of the War— Confessions of the Richmond Whig— A new Historical Picture- Address of the Rebel Soldiers— Our Gains and Success— Honor the President —General Grant on Slavery— What Final Victory will bring us 341 HISTORY OF THE SIXTIETH REGIMENT NEW YORK STATE VOLUNTEERS. I. THE ORGANIZATION. On the 5tli of July, 1861, His Excellency, Edwin D. Mor- gan, Governor of the State of New York, and Commander- in-Chief of the Military and Naval Forces of the same, issued an order to Colonel Charles R. Brundage, commanding the Thirty-Third Regiment N. Y. S. M., to rendezvous his regi- ment at Ogdensburgh. In obedience to the order, the Colonel took all necessary steps, among other things issuing the following : Wanted for the' Thirty-Third Regiment New York State INIili- tia, able-bodied men, between the ages of 18 and 45 years. A minor will not be enlisted without the written consent of his parent or guardian. The term of service is three years. The following is the rate of pay now established : Grade. J'\^ P^^ ^^'^ 3 Month, lear. Years. To a Serg't Major, Quartermaster Sergeant, principal Musician and Chief Bugler, each, $23 $276 ^828 First Sergeant of a company 22 264 " 792 All other Sergeants, each. . .*. 19 228 684 Corporals 15 180 540 Buglers 15 180 540 Musicians 14 168 504 Privates 13 156 468 1 . ' (1) 2. THE ORGANIZATION. In addition to the pay as above stated, one ration per day, and an abundant supply of good clothing is allowed to every soldier. Quarters, fuel, and medical attendance are always provided by the Government without deduction from the soldier's pay. If a soldier should become disabled in the line of his duties, the laws provide for him a pension ; or he may, if he prefer it, obtain admission into the Soldiers' Home, which will afford him a com- fortable home as long as he may wish to receive its benefits. THE THIRTY-THIRD REGIMENT. Col. Charles R. Brundage, Commanding, Lieut. Col. Chauncey M. Clark. Major J. W. Smith. The following officers and persons have been appointed to re- cruit the Thirty-Third Eegiment: • Flank Co. R, 1st Lieut. Thomas Elliott, Ogdensburgh ; Co. B, J. C. 0. Redington, Ogdensburgh; Co. C, 2d Lieut. Mahlon Bromigham, Lisbon Centre ; Co. D, Cap4. Hugh Smith, Madrid ; Co. E, William B. Goodrich, Canton; Co. F, P. S. Sinclair, King's Hall, Malone ; Co. G, Capt. Henry C. Eastman, Stock- holm ; Co. H, Capt. David Day, 2d, Macomb ; Co. I, Capt. Si- meon Wells, East Pitcairn ; Flank Co. L, 1st Lieut. James M. King, South Canton. J. M. Ransom, of Cham plain, has been legally appointed by Col. Brundage to recruit a Company for this Regiment. This Regiment is now accepted by the Governor, and will be rendezvoused at Ogdensburgh, where it will be subsisted from the time they are received at said rendezvous, or until mustered into the service of the United States. Steady, active, sober and healthy men, between the ages of 18 and 45 years, who wish to join a first-class regiment composed of the sturdy sons of St. Lawrence and Franklin counties, commanded by competent offi- cers, and who wish to be provided with good quarters, good pay and good rations, will lose no time in reporting themselves at "any of'the above-named company headquarters, or at the rendez- vous at Ogdensburgh. A few non-commissioned officers and musicians wanted. An excellent and abundant ration is supplied daily to each man. Every Volunteer will be paid at the rate of fifty cents, in lieu THE ORGANIZATION, d of forage, for every twenty miles of travel from his home to the place of muster; and when discharged, at the same rate from tlie piace of his discharge to his home ; and in addition thereto, the sum of one hundred dollars, and probably at the next session of Congr.ess, in addition thereto, a law will be passed granting them a bounty of IGO acres of land. In case of death, this will be received by their relatives. God Save the Union ! i FRANCIS E. PARKER, Adjutant. This was promptly responded to, and the regiment was filled up as follows : "William B. Goodrich, William Montgomery, and Benjamin R. Clark, Captain of Company L, Thirty-Third N. Y. Militia, enlisted men in Canton, Hermon, Potsdam, Russell, Madrid, Colton, Parishville, and Gouverneur, St. Lawrence county. They went to Camp Wheeler, September 10, 105 in nujnber ; but after medical examination, four were rejected, leaving 101, who organized by electing William B. Goodrich, Captain; Benjamin R. Clark, First Lieutenant; William Montgomery, Second Lieutenant. Being the first company to organize, they obtained the right of the line, and were designated Company " A." Captain David Day, 2d, and First Lieutenant John Sny- der, both of Company H, Thirty-Third N. Y. Militia, en- listed men in Macomb, Gouverneur, and Depeyster, St. Law- rence county, and went to Camp Wheeler with forty men, September 9th. They organized by electing David Day, 2d Captain, John Snyder, First Lieutenant, James Hurst, Sec- ond Lieutenant, and took the left of the line, being call($d Company " B." John C. 0. Redington, a private in the Eighteenth N. Y. S. Volunteers, Thomas Hobart, a private in Seventh Mass. Vol- unteers, John E. Wilson and Nehemiah Wiley, enlisted men in Hammond, Morristown, Oswegatchic, Edwards, Rossie, 4 THE ORGANIZATION. Kussell and Fowler, St. Lawrence county, and went to Camp Wheeler, September 12th, with 32 men. John C. 0. Red- ington was elected Captain, James Young, First Lieutenant, Thomas Hobart, Second Lieutenant. They became the right centre company, or fifth in line, and were called Company " C." Second Lieutenant James M. King, of Company " K,'^ Thirty-Third N. Y. Militia, Winslow M. Thomas, and George M. Gleason enlisted men in Russell, Edwards, Pierpoint and Canton, St. Lawrence county, and went to Camp Wheeler September 11th with 53 men. They elected Winslow M. Thomas, Captain, James M. King, First Lieutenant, George M. Gleason, Second Lieutenant, and took position as third company from the right, and the name of Company " D." William H. Hyde, P. Shelly Sinclair, and George G. Cor- nish enlisted men in Malone, Bangor, and Brandon, Franklin county, and went to Camp Wheeler September 10th with 51 men. William H. Hyde was elected Captain, P. Shelly Sin- clair, First Lieutenant, and Hosea C. Reynolds, Second Lieu- tenant. They took position as seventh company from the right, and were called Company " E." Thomas Elliott, a private in the Seventh N. Y. Militia, which regiment had been in service thirty days in defence of Washington, by special order of the President, enlisted men in Heuvelton, Hermon, De Kalb and Lisbon, St. Law- rence county, and went to Camp Wheeler September 10th with 54 men. Thomas Elliott was elected Captain, John De- lany, First Lieutenant, Milton F. Spencer, Second Lieutenant. They took position immediately to the left of the right com- pany, and were designated as Company ^'F.'^ Captain Hugh Smith, of Company " D," Thirty-Third N. Y. Militia, enlisted men in Madrid, Waddington, Louisville, Mas- sena and Norfolk, St. Lawrence county, and went to Camp Wheeler September 11th with 27 men. Hugh Smith was elected Captain,'K)rson M. Foot, First Lieutenant, John Dun- THE ORGANIZATION. 5 don, Jr., Second Lieutenant. They took position on the right of the left company, and were called Company '^ G." James M. Ransom, Loring E. White, and Marcellus L. Fitch enlisted men in Champlain, Mooers, Ellenburgh, Altona, Chazy and Saranac, Clinton county, and Lisbon, St. Lawrence ' county, and went to Camp Wheeler, September 20th, with 45 1 men. James M, Eansom was elected Captain, Loring E. White, j First Lieutenant, and Marcellus L. Fitch, Second Lieutenant. They took position as the* left centre company, or sixth in line, and were named Company " H." E.ev. Jesse H. Jones and Guy Ilogan enlisted men in Law- rence, Stockholm and Brasher, St. Lawrence county, and in Dickinson, Franklin county, and went to Camp Wheeler Sep- tember 24th, with 55 men. Jesse H. Jones was elected Cap* tain, Guy Hogan, First Lieutenant, Lyman M. Shedd, Second Lieutenant. The position of the company was fourth in line, immediately to the right of the right centre company, and it was designated Company " I." Abel Godard and Captain Henry C. Eastman, of Company " C," Thirty-Fourth N. Y. Militia, enlisted men in Stockholm and Richvilie, St. Lawrence county, and went to Camp Wheeler September 14th, with 42 men. Abel Godard was elected Captain, Henry C. Eastman, First Lieutenant, Abner B. Ship- man, Second Lieutenant. They were the eighth company in line, and occupied position as the centre of the left wing, and were called Company " K." Seniority of rank among the line officers was not deter- mined by their position in the line, but by the date of their election, and was at first readily ascertained by reference to the letter which designated their company. Subsequently, as a change in the commanding officer of any one company made it junior to all the others — although it still retained the letter at first given it — it became necessary to refer to the date of rank as given in the commissions. Captains Redington, Thomas, Hyde and Elliott were all 1- 6 THE ORGANIZATION, elected September 13th, and agreed to decide their rank by lot. By mere luck, Capt. Ptedington became the senior. Several of the companies had national flags presented to' them. I am only conversant with the circumstances attend- ant on the presentation of two. The citizens of Canton gave one to Company "A'' on the morning of their going into camp; Prof. Massena Groodrich, of the Theological School, spoke for the donors, and Capt. Wm. B. Goodrich, responded for the company. Since his death, the words uttered by him on that occasion have a peculiar significance. The presentation was made in front of his law office ; and his unpremeditated remarks were, as noted down fit the time by Col. Henry Bar- ber, in substance, as follows : , My social position and pecuniary circumstances are such that I could stay at home and enjoy the society of my family, who are dearer than life to me, as well as most people can. I have not taken this step rashly ; I have not been influenced by any sud- den excitement. I have thoroughly considered the whole matter, and have come to the conclusion that it is a duty I owe my coun- try, to surrender up my life, if need be, in her defence. As I said in the beginning, I cannot make a speech now ; but if God spares my life to return and meet you again, I will then make a speech. But one thing, fellow-citizens, you may rest assured of — I shall never disgrace that beautiful flag you have just presented me. I shall stand by it, and defend it to the last; and if I fall, you may depend upon it, it will be at the post of duty.* Before any company had been organized, I opened a corre- spondence with Col. Brundage with reference to the Chaplaincy. He expressed his pleasure at my desire to obtain the place, and promised to do all in his power to bring it about. On * This flag was left at Harper's Ferry, Va., in June, 1862, and ramained there till the following September, when the rebels permitted it to be used to cover the body of Col. Miles, over which it lay during the transit of the body to Baltimore, and until the burial. It is now with the company. THE ORGANIZATION. 7 the ITtli of September he wrote me that the companies were nearly all in, and that it was desirable that I should commence services at once. Subsequently, I received a certijScate from him of the same date, to the effect that eight of the nine* captains then on duty had approved of my appointment. On the 22d, I reported for duty, and at 4 p.m., held my first religious service with the Regiment; at the close of which I gave notice, by request of Brig. Gen. S. C F. Thorndike, who had command of the camp, as a " Branch of the Albany Depot of Volunteers," of a service to be held on Fast-day, the following Thursday. On the day and hour appointed the ser- vice was held, and was largely attended, not only by the troops, but also by large numbers of citizens of Ogdensburgh. Public religious service was held once on each of the five following Sundays, and with as great regularity thereafter as circumstances would allow.f Some of the men held prayer-meetings every evening during our stay at Camp Wheeler; at first in the loft of the building- occupied as a dining-hall and officers' drill-room, but subse- quently in a shed adjoining the guard-house. These meetings I attended occasionally; but, feeling that my presence embar- rassed others instead of helping them, I kept aloof, and gen- erally spent my evenings with the officers, who were instructed in the Manual of Arms by Col. Brundage. Dr. Chambers and myself were quartered together in the building occupied as a hospital. We had many merry times and were generally very happy. We were careful to attend, as far as possible, to all the minutia? of military life, and — as Hospital-Steward Cornish, who alone was in our company, can testify — gave particular attention to roll-call I Some time early in October, large numbers of the citizens * Capt. Redington was the ninth. His objection was based wholly on his conscientious opposition to my theological tenets, t For a more full account of these services, see Chapter XVI. 8 THE ORGANIZATION. of Canton and Russell came to camp and held a pic-nic with Company "D." In behalf of the visitors, I presented a flag to the company, which was received by Captain Thomas in a very appropriate speech. At about the same time Col. Brundag^ went to Albany, and, after an* audience with the Examining Committee,, re- turned to camp, assured of the position of Major when the or- ganization was completed. Not knowing what further changes might be made, and having fully completed all my arrange- ments to go with the regiment, I deemed it prudent to have as many evidences of my appointment as possible on file at Albany ; and therefore sent by Judge James, who was going to the Governor on other business, the certificate of appoint- ment which I had received from Col. Brundage. On the 19th, Capt. Goodrich having gone to Albany to appear before the Board of Examiners, a strong feeling was manifest in camp against his being promoted over Col. Brund- age, and I wrote him a plain statement of the facts. He re- turned, however, on the 23d, assured of the position of Lieu- tenant-Colonel, and took command at once of the troops. Sub- sequently he had an interview with the line ofiicers, and it was understood that they were satisfied- in regard to the matter. On the afternoon of the 24th, Hon. William A. Wheeler, for whom the camp had been named, brought up and pre- sented to the regiment a national flag, made after the pattern prescribed in the Army Regulations. The regiment was pa- raded to receive it, and a large concourse of citizens from St. Lawrence and the adjoining counties was present to witness the ceremony. Mr. Wheeler, in an address in which he gave an historical sketch of the past triumphs of the American Flag, and a patriotic description of its significance, value and pres- ent danger, put it into the hands of Lieut.-Col. Goodrich, ex- pressing his confident belief that the regiment would guard, protect and honor it. The Lieutenant-Colonel, in receiving THk OHGANIZATION. • 9 the gift, spoke for the regiment in an assurance of their con- sciousness of the worth of the flag, the greatness of the prin- ciples it represented, and tlie fidelity and patriotic love witH which it should be kept and guarded.* The whole affair -^as a very pleasant one, and passed off greatly to the satisfaction of all present. During our stay at Camp Wheeler all were kept iTusy. Re- veille was beaten just before sunrise, immediately followed by roll-call. Breakfast was had at 7 o'clock; squad drills, under charge of the non-commissioned officers, from 8 to 10 o'clock; non-commissioned officers' drill, by the adjutant, from 11 to 12 ; dinner at 1 ; company drill, by the commissioned officers, from 2 to oi; dress parade at 4; supper at 6. Retreat was beaten at sunset, followed by roll-call; tattoo at 8i, followed by the final roll-call, after which none were allowed to be out of quarters ; and at nine, taps were sounded as the signal to put out lights and go to bed. As previously stated, the com- missioned officers were instructed in the evening by Col. Brun- dage. The quarters at Camp Wheeler were comfortably arranged in large buildings, formerly used by the Northern Railroad Company as workshops for the manufacture and repair of the rolling-stock of their road. There were six or eight of th^se buildings. As many as were needed were used for quarters, and the balance were disposed of according to convenience. The centre building was a cook-room and dining-hall. Gen. Schuyler F. Judd and Mr. J. B. Armstrong supplied the table. Some of the men, especially those of the lower class, who probably never had fared half so well before, grumbled over and found fault witli their food, and during the last night at camp, perpetrated outrages and folly on the property of the * At Antietam this flag was badly damaged by rebel shot. Subsequent exposures farther tended to its destruction ; and while we were encamped near Fairfax Station, Va., in January, 1863, it accidentally took fire, and was rendered worthless. 10 * THE OEGANTZATION. contractors. Tliey were not long away from the place, how- ever, before they saw, by contrast, how much they had lost In being deprived of the well-cooked and wholesome food fur- nished at Camp Wheeler, and how blind and ungrateful they had been in their complaints. # On Tuesday, October 29th, Col. William B. Hayward re- ported at camp as our commander. Gen. Thorndike ordered the regiment paraded for his reception, and introduced him by reading a commission, as follows : THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, By the Grace of God, Free and Independent, To William B. Hayward, Greeting: We, reposing especial trust and confidence, as well in your" patriotism, conduct and loyalty, as in your integrity and readi- ness to do us good and faithful service, have appointed and con- stituted, and by these presents do appoint and constitute, you, the said William B. Ilaywa? \' Colonel of the Sixtieth Regiment N. Y. S. Volunteers, with rank from October 25th, 18G1. You are therefore to observe and follow such orders and instructions as you shall, from time to time, receive from our Commander-in- Chief of the Military Forces of our said State, or any other your superior oflScer, according to the rules and discipline of v/ar, and hold the said office in the manner specified in and by the Con- stitution and Laws of our said State and of the United States, in pursuance of the trust reposed in you ; and for so doing, this shall be your commission. In testimony whereof, we have caused our seal for military commissions to be hereunto affixed. Witness, Edwin D. Morgan, Governor of our said State, Commander-in-Chief of the Military and Naval Forces of the same, at our City of Al1:)any, the twenty- fifth day of October, one thousand eight hundred and sixty-one. Seal.. Passed the Adjutant-General's Office. Thomas IIillhouse, Adjutant-General. E. D. MORGAN. THE ORGANIZATION. 11 The Colonel made a speech, which left a very favorable impression on nearly all whom he addressed. An original manoeuvre, however, which he executed with his s^ord, at the close of his remarks, was very ludicrous. Subsequently, many tried to imitate it; but D. M. Robertson alone became an expert, especially in that part where the coat-tails described the line of beauty ! In company with Major Brundage, I had an interview with the Colonel on the subject of the Chaplaincy, ii\forming him of the circumstances under which I came there, the docu- ments at Albany, and the assurances of the Governor thilt they were sufficient, and that I should receive the appoint- ment. He replied 'that he would give the case a fair and serious consideration. I. left him in conversation with the Major, v/ho soon after informed me that the Colonel told him that he had a friend in New York who must have the Chap- laincy. At my suggestion, the Major canvjtfesed the subject among the officers, and reported that a majority would vote for me. The next day the Colonel called the company commanders together, and, as subsequently reported to me by several who were present, addressed them, in substance, as follows : I have, called you to consider the very important matter of electing a Chaplain. I have a very dear friend in New York, whom I desire to see in that place. He is a man of great expe- rience and ability, having been for several years a Foreign Mis- sionary. I believe that he will be especially interested in the souls of these men. AVhatever your previous preferences may have been, and whatever your expressions of preference, I desire you to consider it as the greatest personal' favor you can grant me, to vote for the Rev. Dr. Scudder, of New York. I am will- ing to contribute, and I hope you all are, towards making Mr.' Eddy whole in any outlay he may have made in expectation of the place : but I have thought this matter all over, and if one hundred thousand dollars were placed here on one hand, and the ^ve\. Dr. Scudder on the other, and I was told that it was the 12 THE ORaANIZATION. last choice I could make in life, I should choose Dr. Scudder ! If I have to fall on the field, as perhaps I may, the Rev. Dr. Scudder is the man above all others whom I desire should min- ister to me in the last hour. Lieut.-Col. Goodrich and Major Brundage withdrew without voting. The company commanders voted as follows : Day, Redington, Hyde, Elliott, Ransom, Jones, and Godard for Rev. Dr. Scudder. Clark,* Thomas and Smith for R. Eddy. Shortly after this vote the regiment was paraded, and Lieu- tenant Perkins mustered all present into the service of the United States for three years, or during the war. Later in the day, Company '^A" held an election, and chose 2d Lieut. William Montgomery, Captain. In the afternoon of ^e next day, Thursday, October 31st, the regiment was ^gain paraded, when the Hon. John Fine presented a beautiful State banner in behalf of the ladies of Ogdensburgh. Judge Fine spoke as follows : Officers and Soldiers, — I am commissioned by the ladies of Ogdensburgh to present to you this banner, which is emblematic of the prid,e and greatness of the State of New York. We have confidence in your courage and patriotism, and that you will, with God's blessing, bear this banner aloft triumphant to vic- tory. Some of you are the descendants of men who fought and died on the Revolutionary field. A descent from such ancestors is a strong guarantee that you will not disgrace this banner by cowardice. Some of you are soldiers of the cross, and have laid your vows upon the altar to be faithful to God and your country. Remember the warning in your book of discipline : "It is bet- ter not to vow than to vow and not perform.'^ Most of you are natives of St, Lawrence county, and have been taught from your childhood to be proud of a county whose citizens are equal in intelligence, virtue and patriotism to any other county in the * First Lieutenant B. R. Clark, in command of Company "A,' by virtue of promotion of Capt. Goodrich. THE ORGANIZATION. 13 Empire State. See to it that you do not, by misconduct, tarnish the fame of a county which contains the ashes of a Silas Wright. The finest representative of man, of fallen but redeemed man, is the Christian missionary, who, after toiling to instruct and bless his fellow-man, dies the death of a martyr in attestation of the truth he has taught. Next to him is the patriot soldier, who leaves his peaceful home for a distant field of battle to fight and die for his country. You have a glorious mission, and may ** well be envied by many of us ; who, from age and sex, are un- able to accompany you ; but we shall follow you with our sym- pathies and prayers. The acceptance by you of this banner is an engagement on your part to make it your pillar of cloud by .day, and your pillar of fire by night, to lead you on your march. "Wherever it shall go you will go ; wherever it shall stand you will stand ; and on the battle-field it shall recall to your mem- ory tjie charge which I now give you, in the name of the ladies of Ogdensburgh, to conquer or die. May God bless you, and crown your arms with success, in restoring peace and union to our beloved country ! The flag was received by Col. Hayward, who made the fol- lowing reply : As the representative, and in the name of the officers, non- commissioned ofiicers and soldiers of the Sixtieth Regiment of New York State Volunteers, I accept with profound emotion this beautiful and costly testimonial from the ladies of Ogdensbvirgh to the beloved relatives and friends who are leaving their homes and firesides, and all that life holds dearest of tenderest relations, to go forth to the defence of the Union of these States, so blessed heretofore by God, but which now is sought to be disintegrated by wicked, aspiring, ambitious men. This flag shall be our rally- ing point ; and as we look up to its folds as they float upon the breezes which are sent from heaven, and as we catch the words "Jehovah Nissi^' (God is our banner), we stall, with blessings upon the ladies of Ogdensburgh for so touching a memento of their kindness, their goodness, and their patriotism, and with a firm, unwavering trust in Almighty God to crown our efforts with successful issue, enter into the conflict strengthened by the bat- tle-cry of God and our country I 2 14 THE ORGANIZATION. After the flag presentation, B. H. Vary, Esq., on behalf of the ladies of Rensselaer Falls and Cooper's Falls, presented the soldiers with a package of woollen stockings, in the follow- ing remarks : Colonel Hayward, — I have received from the ladies of Canton Falls and vicinity, and from Cooper's Falls and vicinity, this package of stockings, w^ith the request that I would present them to this regiment. They are not as brilliant as the beautiful ban- ner presented I5y their sisters from Ogdensburgh ; but they evince the same warm and heartfelt patriotism, the same desire to con- tribute to the efficiency, comfort and happiness of the regiment. They arc furnished, in compliance with the call of our country, upon the patriotism of her daughters, to supply, as rapidly as possible, articles of comfort for their husbands, fathers, brothers and sons, now in, and those about entering the field, for the no- ble purpose of supporting a"nd sustaining the Government. To show that they are just the. articles wanted — made just in the style they should be, I beg to read a few lines from the letter of Doctor Bellows, President of the Sanitary Committee: "Of flan- nel shirts there are an abundance; but of socks, without the troublesoi^ seam in the middle, there are not enough, and the women are urged to knit all they can by hand." Sir, there are several peculiarities about these stockings. They are made for brave and good men. . No coward, traitor, or enemy of our coun- try, is ever to possess a single one of them. The last thing knit upon them was the toe, to show they were intended to advance, and not for cowardly retreat. There is not a bit of cotton in them ; cotton is a traitor ! The sheep that provided the wool from which this yarn was spun, and from which these stockings were knit, were reared upon our own meadows and pastures, know the voice of their shepherd, and are ever unassuming, true, honest and faithful. Soldiers, when you receive these stockings, remember that warm hearts at home are anxiously throbbing for your welfare ; that your mothers, wives and sisters look to your courage and faithfulness for the perpetuity of every useful bless- ing which a good government can give; that while you are man- fully fighting the battles of our country, other busy fingers will be plying the needle for your comfort, and tears of afi'ection THE ORGANIZATION. 15 will fill the eye and swell the heart over the memory of the loved, the brave but absent ones. Sir, I now present these stock- ings to you, to be by you distributed to your regiment as occa- sion and circumstances require. And when you return with your brow bedecked with the laurels of the field, should you then seek for civic honors, and wish for the sufirag'es of the citizens of St. Lawrence county, you must be sure you can account well for the stockings ! Col. Hayward accepted, on behalf of the .soldiers, the con- siderate gifts, in some very appropriate remarks. After the presentation had been made. Major Brundage escorted Adju- tant Gale to the centre of the square, and he was presented with a sword and revolver from his friends and associates in i^ew York city. Col. Hayward made the presentation. The articles were accompanied by the following letter ; 20 Warren street, N. Y., Sept. 20, 1861. To RoLLiN C. Gale, Adjutant Sixtieth Regiment N. Y. S. V. : Dear Sir, — The undersigned, your friends, and late your com- panions at 20 Warren street. New York, entertaining a-very high regard for your excellent qualities as a citizen and a soldier, beg leave to present to you the accompanying sword as a token of their l^ndly remembrance of you, and their appreciation of your character. That it will never be dishonored in your hands we have the strongest guarantee in our knowledge of your past life. The voluntary soldier always assumes responsibilities of the gravest character. Whether he follows or leads, his obligations to his country and to mankind are not materially changed — for war, in its best aspect, is the greatest calamity that can befall a nation ; and that its rigor may be softened, depends wholly upon the courage, constancy and humanity of the soldier. But this is a war of necessity — a war of defence. We go into the conflict, not for plunder or for conquest, but for the integrity of the Gov- ernment, the very life of the nation. In the sacred name of Liberty, we draw the sword and unfurl our banners. It is a war for principle, justice, truth and humanity. How greatly, then, are the obligations of the soldier enlarged ! The war to which you arc going is no holida}'^ festival, no mere parade of men in 16 THPJ ORGANIZATION. uniform. You are to encounter the actual and mortal risks of battle. Lamartine has said: "Every revolution must have its birth ; every birth its throes ; every throe- its pangs ; and every pang its groan." The hazards of vrar and battle are before you, and not all will part v\^hcre many meet ; it is a sacrifice by far the greatest that men can make. In hours of despondency your faith will be enlarged, and your patriotism elevated by the mem- ories of our illustrious dead, and by the glorious history of our country. There are names, and incidents, and memories in our bright land which X;an never die while the nation lives. Wash- ington and Greene, Bunker Hill and Lexington, are names which arc dear to America and Americans. They speak to us, iif elo- quent words, from every patriot's grave ; they speak to us of sacri- fices, of trials, of heroism, of fortitude, of devotion, and of triumph. Glorious watchwords these to the Northern soldiers I Go forth, then, with the weapons of your warfare. Go with no doubt of the justice of your cause and of your ultimate success. Go, assured that you are remembered by your friends and countrymen at home ; and may the Cod of battles send you back to us crowned with the l;jurcls of victor}'^ ! With sentiments of the greatest esteem, we remain sincerely your friends, Cyrus Clark, P. Bartlett, Jr., II. Parller, 0. ^V. Wihnot, m L. M. Bates, W. C. INIorsc, William 11. Sanford, ^Y. B. Shackleton, T. E. Roberts, P. B. Berry, J. S. Hills, C. L. Knowles, Clark Skinner, C. B. Fox, Henry P. Cohen, Martin Kean, F. II. Corliss, William Bradley, Frank II. Rogers, George N. Bliss, B. F. Bigelow, J. H. Reed. ^ Adjutant Gale received the weapons in the following re« marks : Kind Friends and Former Associates of New York, — I ac- cept, with feelings of pride and pleasure, your beautiful and»most opportune gift of sword and pistol ; and I return to j'-ou my most THE ORGANIZATION. 17 gi'ateful acknowledgments for the noble, patriotic and friendly sentiments with which your tokens are accompanied. Be assur^, gentlemen, tluit I j^o ff)rth to the campaign deeply impressed with a sense of the rcsponsiljilities of the volunteer soldier, and anxi- ous tt) discharge, in a creditable manner, the duties which I owe as a citizen to our common* country. All considerations of per- sonal care or private interest should be held secondary, in the crisis' of our national history, to the public safety. The nation has the right, now that her very life is at stake, to the property, tlie labor, and the lives of her citizens ; and I feel it, indeed, a proud and happy privilege to expose my life in defence of the glorious rights and free institutions won for us by the blood and sacrifice of our Revolutionary fathers. With your most accept- able gifts I march in a few days with my gallant volunteer comrades ; and be assured, gentlemen, I never shall draw thesd weapons except in defence of our common country ; and when- ever it becomes my duty to unsheath this sword in defence of that noble banner that floats proudly over our field, it will be done with a willing heart and steady hand, and never will be returned to its sheath with dislionor. Again thanking you for these liberal testimonials of your esteem, I bid you a hearty farewell. Rev. Mr. Miller closed the proceedings with some patriotic remarks, and a prayer and benediction. After these ceremonies, Adjutant Gale read an order to the regiment to be in readiness to leave at eight o'clock Friday morning for the seat of war. The next morning, which was Friday, Col. Ilayward ap- proved the previous appointment of Adjutant Gale, appointed Hon. Edwin A. Mcrritt, of Picrpont, Quartermaster, and gave the sutlership to William P. Tilluy, of Malone. The reader will have noticed from the foregoing, that this regiment came into camp under a call for the ood Regiment of Militia, and an assurance that the 33d had been accepted by the Governor j but that a change in the name and number was effected before the command was sworn in. How this was brought about, or for wliut rc:isouS; I have no means of 18 THE ORANIZATION. knowing. Suspicions that there would be a change were first aroused when Col. Brundage returned from Albany, but the first positive information was given to the men when they listened to the reading of Col. Hayward's commission. Several reasons for the change were assigned by the soldiers, and by citizens, but I am not aware that any one who kn^w what the facts were, ever threw any light on the subject. The following is the general order under which volunteer regiments in the state of New York were organized in 1861 : General Headquarters, State of New York, Adjutant-General's Office, Albany, July 30th, 1861. General Orders, No. 78. The President of the United States having made a requisition on the State of New York for 25,000 additional volunteers to serve for three years or during the vrar, the following regulations for their organization are hereby, published : 1. There will be 25 regiments, numbered from 4S to 67, both inclusive, one of which will be organized as Artillery, with six batteries of four guns each. Detailed instructions for the Artil- lery will be published hereafter. 2. Each Infantry regiment will consist of ten companies, and each company will be organized as follows : One Captain, one 1st Lieutenant, one 2d Lieutenant,- one 1st Sergeant, four Sergeants, eight Corporals, two Musicians, one Wagoner, and not less than sixty-four or more than eighty-two privates ; maximum aggregate, one hundred and one. 3. Each regiment will be organized as follows : THE ORGANIZATION. 19 Minimum. 830 Company officers and enlisted men. 1 Colonel. 1 Lieutenant-Colonel. 1 Major. 1 Adjutant (a Lieutenant). 1 Regimental Quartermaster (a Lieutenant). 1 Surgeon. 1 Assistant Surgeon. 1 Chaplain. 1 Sergeant-Major. 1 Regimental Quartermaster-Sergeant. 1 Regimental Commissary-Sergeant. 1 Hospital Steward. 2 Principal Musicians. 24 Musicians for Band. 868 Aggregate. Maximum. 1010 Company officers and enlisted men. 1 Colonel. 1 Lieutenant-Colonel. 1 Major. 1 Adjutant (a Lieutenant). 1 Regimental Quartermaster [a Lieutenant. 1 Surgeon. 1 Assistant Surgeon. 1 Chaplain. 1 Sergeant-Major. 1 Regimental Quartermaster-Sergeant. 1 Regimental Commissary-Sergeant. 1 Hospital Steward. 2 Principal Musicians. 24 Musicians for Band. 20 • THE ORGANIZATION. 4. There will be three Depots at which the volunteers will assemble : One in New- York city, to be commanded by Brigadier-Gen- eral Yates ; One at Albany, to be commanded by Brigadier-General Rath- bone ; and One at Elmira, to be commanded by Brigadier-General Van Valkenburgh. 5. When 32 or more persons shall present their application to the Commandant of a Depot for a company organization, he will appoint an Inspector to make an inspection, and after the above number of able-bodied men, between the ages of 18 and 45 (minors having exhibited the written consent of their parents or guardians), have been inspected by him, the Inspector will certify the result thereof to such commandant, by whose order transportation to his Depot will be provided. On their arrival there, they will be examined by the Medical Examiner of the Depot, and quarters and subsistence will be furnished. 6. The above rule will apply to the transportation,. &c., of the recruits, who may be enlisted from time to time, to complete the organization of a company. 7. When 32 or more men shall have been thus accepted by the Medical Examiner, the Commandant of the Depot will im- mediately direct them to nominate, by ballot, a Captain and Lieutenant of the company ; the remaining officers to be nomi- nated on the completion of the company organization. 8. After an examination as hereinafter provided (paragraph 16) of the persons so nominated as officers, the Commandant of the Depot will transmit the Inspection Roll, with certificates of inspection, nomination and examination, to the Adjutant-General of the State. If the company thus organized shall be accepted by the Commander-in-Chief, the pay of the officers and men will commence from the date "of such acceptance. 9. The company Non-commissioned officers, until the company shall be embodied in a regiment, will be appointed by the Cap- tain ; afterwards by the Regimental Commander, on the recom- mendation of the Captain. 10. The Field officers for these regiments will be appointed by THE ORGANIZATION. 2$^ the Commander-in-Chief, after they shall have passed a satisfac- tory examination, before a Board af officers to be hereafter named and will be assigned to the various Depots, to superintend the organization of their regiments under the orders of the Com- mandants of Depots. 11. If delay should occur in the filling up of any company or regiment to the minimum standard to entitle it to be mustered into the Uniterd States service, the Commander-in-Chief will dis- band or consolidate the incomplete organization, or transfer com- panies or accept new organizations, as circumstances may require. When companies are consolidated the officers will be assigned according to rank, and when rank is of the same date it will be fixed by lot. Officers rendered supernumerary by disbanding or consolidating incomplete companies or regiments, will be dis- charged from the service, and their pay &c., will cease from the date of such discharge. 12. After the acceptance of a regiment, the Colonel will ap- point from the company subalternsan Adjutant and a Regimental Quartermaster, who may be reassigned to companies at his pleasure. 13. The Surgeon and Assistant-Surgeon will be appointed by the Commander-in-Chief, after they shall have passed an exami- nation by a commission prescribed by the Medical Department. 14. The Non-commissioned Staff will be selected by the Colonel fi'om the non-commissioned officers and privates of the regiment ; and vacancies so created will be filled by appointment as is pre- scribed above. 15. The Regimental Chaplain will be appointed by the Regi- mental Commander, on the vote of the field officers and company commanders on duty with the regiment at the time the appoint- ment is made. The Chaplain must be a regularly ordained min- ister of some Christian denomination, and will receive the pay and allowances of a Captain of Cavalry. 16. The Commander-in-Chief will appoint for each Depot a Board of Examiners, to examine into the qualifications of per- sons nominated for company officers. 17. Field officers will be examined in the School of the Com- pany and Battalion ; Company officers in the School of the Sol- dier and Company ; Artillery officers, in addition to the above, 22 THE ORGANIZATION. . will be examined in Artillery tactics and the other branches of that arm. of the service. The Examiners will also inquire into the moral character and habits of the persons examined, and re- port for the information of the Commander-in-Chief. When a person designated as an ofl&cer shall be found not qualified, an- other nomination will be made instead. When no nomination shall be made to the Commander-in-chief, he will fill the vacancy. 18. When regiments are duly organized according to the above Regulations, they will be presented for muster into the service of the United States. Care will be taken to send one Muster Roll to the Adjutant-General of the State. 19. The following extracts from General Order No. 15, from the War Department, will be deemed a part of this order. "The ofl&cers, non-commissioned officers and privates organized as above set forth, will, in all respects, be placed on the footing, as to pay and allowances, of similiar corps of the regular army : Provided, that their allowances for clothing shall be $2.50 per month for Infantry. " Every volunteer Non-commissioned officer, private, musi- cian and artificer, who enters the service of the United States under this plan, shall be paid at the rate of 50 cents, and if a CaValry volunteer 25 cents additional, in lieu of forage, for every 20 miles of travel from his home to the place of muster, the dis- tance to be measured by the shortest usually travelled route ; and when honorably discharged, an allowance, at the same rate, from the place of his discharge to his home, and in addition thereto the sum of one hundred dollars. *' Any volunteer who may be received into the service of^ the United States under this plan, and who may be wounded or otherwise disabled in the service, shall be entitled to the benefits which have been or may be conferred on persons disabled in the regular service, and the legal heirs of such as die or may be killed in service, in addition to all arrears of pay and allow- ances, shall receive the sum of one hundred dollars. *' The Bands of the regiments of Infantry will be paid as follows : one-fourth of each will receive the pay and allowances of sergeants of Engineer soldiers ; one-fourth those of corpo- rals of Engineer soldiers, and the remaining half those of pri- vates of Engineer soldiers of the 1st Class. THE ORGANIZATION. 23 *' The Wagoners and Saddlers will receive the pay and al- lowances of Corporals of Cavalry. *' The Regimental Commissary Sergeant will receive the pay and allowances of a Regimental Sergeant-Major. The Company Quarter-Master Sergeant the pay and allowances of a Sergeant of Cavalry." By order of the Commander-in-Chief. DUNCAN CAMPBELL, Assistant Adjutant- General. From the " Regimental Descriptive Book," made up about February 1st, 1862, I have drawn the following names of the Don-commissioned officers and privates belonging to the Regi- ment. All, except three or four of these, were with us at Camp Wheeler. Company "A.'' Aldous, S. Allen, T. Abel, C. C. Brooks, W. M. Bissell, L. Bruseau, P. Buck, L. Bonney, W. B. Balcom, M. K. Bissell, C. y. Bissell, E. Blount, S. P. Byrom, H. R. Barber, C. B. Church, R. A. Clark, L. Covey, H. Caglc, N. F. Crowley, J. F. Crowley, M. H. Clark, 0. E. Chaney, R. B. Carson, A. Coon, S. H. Chaney, J. B. Cook, a. L. Carpenter, W. S. Chamberlain, C. C. F. Clcland T. Crowley, P. Champlain, F. J. Crane, E. L. Clark, E. Crowley, J. Duprey, J. Duprey, L. 24 THE ORGANIZATION. Dickinson, N. M. Daily, J. T. Davenport, A. Enslow, S. H. Ellis, J. Elmer, R. S. Fitcli, J. C. Fitch, W. H. Fisk, A. Finley, E. S. Ford, E. W. Gray, A. P. Gebo, P., Jr. Gates, L. L. Harlow, H. Harper, J. Hart, D. E. Havens, R. P. Haskell, S. C. Kellog, G. H. Kelley, J. Lasier, J., Jr. Lockwood, D. R. Lasell, S. W. Lequea, L. H. McDonald, D. A. McKee, E. G McCormick, J. McMonegal, J. McCuen, L. North, E. D. Olin, W. N. Preston, J. C. Perry, De W. C. Pelton, H. E. Parker, D. Pennington, H. Robinson, J. A. Robinson, A. C. Robinson, J. Robertson, D. M. Royal, W. H. Rose, E. Shepard, 0. Sturtevant, H. Smith, W. Stevenson, E. Smith, S. W. Sevey, J. Stevenson, P Smith, H. T. Severance, C. H. Stone, H. Shannahan, T. Tilley, W. N. Tanner, H. F. Taplin, W. 0. Tapper, L. Thompson, W. Willson, L. S. Whitford, J. B. White, M. Wait, F. H. Worden, J. S. THE ORGANIZATION. 25 Company Alywood, J. Brasie, A. Bolton, E. E. Brasie, Gr. Ballow, M. S. Bishop, Gr. Corbett, D. * Congar, N. W. Cunningliam, J. H. Cumming, 0. S. Clements, D. Cummings, J. A. ■ Charter, N. Day, S. W. . Daily, S. Dana, D. Z. Delong, C. Delong, M. R. Dorgan, J. Duncan, J. Downing, T. J. Fishback, E. F. Fishback, S. Finley, A. Fardan, J. Graves, D. Hicks, A. E. Houghton, G. W. Hyde, A. Houghton, C. H. Hyde, M. H( N. Johnson, W. King, J. Knights, G. H <( B." Mason, D. G. Moore, H. Mead, M. McGregor, J. * Newman, G. W. Peck, L. Patridge, E. H. Quinlin, J. Roberts, J. M. Rounds, D. E. Rayen, J. C. Raven, J. Russell, M. Ross, S. Sherwin, J. Sterling, W. E. Sayer, C. Shappee, F. Sisson, C. H. Soper, T. H. Smithers, G. Sterling, W- Scanlon, J.. Turnbull, C. Valley, P. Ward, W. Wells, G, Washburn, S. Wilson, R., Jr. Works, L. Wright, J. Ward, A. Ward, J. Works, W. 3 26 THE ORGANIZATION. Company "C." Austin, B. Buttles, H. W. Backus/ S. Burzee, A. Burnliam, A. H. Barney, J. Brien, D. Burns, J. W. Bush, N. Barber, L. Brown, S. S. Burdick, S. F. Brewster, C. Carlisle, B. Crawford, J. Corben, S. Collins, M. D. Collins, W. E. Clink, a. Churcbill, W. Clark,. C. Dunn, H. W. Dygert, K. Densmore, J. M. Eastman, Gr. M. Elderkin, a. E. Enslow, G-. R. Fitch, F. M. Fox, a. W. Gurley, W. S. Glazier, J. Goodwin, G. R. Gates, N. Hill, G. W. Holliday, D. Hyde, N. Harder, C. H. Haskins, G. Hayne, P. Knox, L. J. Lamphear, L. J. Lasier, J. Lewis, F. C. •Lewis, J. Lasselle, J. A. Lyon, D. H. Mclntyre, W. A. Macier, J. McDaid, L. Morrison, D. Me Williams, H. Mitchell, H. Marsh, G. W. Nice, C. Nettleton, E. Norton, J. O'Neil, C. Phillips, T. Powers, H. W. Pickert, J. Petrie, G. Petrie, M. Petrie, J. Hose, L. A. Robinson, J. F. Rock, W. THE ORGANIZATION. 27 Reed, W. J. Ryan, G. F. Soper, L. M. Sibbitts, J. Sherman, G. 1^ Severance, G. Schuyler, 0. Starr, J. M. St. James, M. Thomas, L. Tyler, L. Vroman, N. Van Tassell, E. Wiley, N. Wilson, J. E. Willis, J. Warner, B. F. Watson, G. Weaver, A. White, J. Worden, H. N. Wilson, E. Yerden, S. H. Yerden, J. Company "D.'' Adams, S. Annis, G. Allen, A. Ayers, A. Ayers, M. Bennett, G. Bromaghin, A. Brill, N. L. Brill, 0. P. Bullock, W. Barnes, H. Billings, G. Brown, J. Brown, Jfi Beach, E. Clark, W. W. Cramer, L. Cramer, J. S. Colton, J. L. Cavenaugh, J. Clark, G. R. Cardinell, F. Cardinell, J. Carpenter, G. Comstock, L. E. Colton, J. Cole, J. M. Carter, V. M. Carpenter, N. Casey, T. Dawson, W. W. Daniels, L. Erls, W. Flack, G. W. Furgerson, M. Furgerson, H. Furgerson, J. Gray, J. K. Geer, A. Galvin, M. Gleasofi, L. Gleason, H, 28 :^E ORGANIZATION. Harmer, J. Hutchinson, R. Hoffman, N. Havens, W. Harris, H. Ivers, T. King, a. W. Knapp, S. Lamphear, E. Lillie, J. N. Lawrence, M. Lawton, J. Lawson, Gr. S. Morgan, A. Gr. Makee, W. • Merrihew, C. B. Merrihue, V. Moore, J. D. McAllister, J. Manchester, Gr. S. Morrill, C. B. Noble, 0. Norman, S. C. F. NeUon, E. Nelson, R. Norman, N. Oliver, W. Platney, 0. L. Palmer, J. Rockwell, L. Rice, C.- flichards, S. E. Reed, L. Reed, E. Robinson, D. V. Stephenson, J. Scott, P. Streeter, J. Safford, a. Tuller, L. W. Titus, S. J. Taylor, R. Trumble, W. Tupper, S. Wetherell, W. R. Wells, J. Wells, a. Wetherell, D. B. Wellington, S. A. West, A. Wood, S. Wells, A. Wells, C. Company "E.^ Allen, H. E. Annett, J. Bently, W. H. Ben ware, L. E. Berry, J. M. Burns, T. Burns, J. Barton, L. J. Butterfield, L. Brand, A. L. Bigelow, A. D. Brayton, J. THE ORaANIZATION. 29 Briggs, A. Blake, W. Curtis, 0. Canfield, H. F. Collins, S. Chase, 0. Clieaney, C. Coopy, J. Cheaney, Gr. Cornish, G. O. Curtis, I. Cole," J. M. Chineveat, A. Chase, H. M. Clark, L. Crocker, M. Devenport, Gr. H. Dailey, M. Eastabrooks, W. Evans, P. M. Earle, W. H. H. Fellows, L. Ferris, J. N. Gage, L. S. , Gonia, F. Graves, F. Gallagher, F. Greeno, L. Greeno, J. Groodrich, Z. Gabree, W. ITowe, J. Handley, J. Herrichy, J. Ilinman, B. 3* Hayt, A. Hathaway, H. J. Kimpton, W. H. Lee, N. F. Lee, L. L. Lamson, T. A. Low, E. G. Mooran, B. Melvin, S. P. Mooney, J. Mulholland, T. Morehead, W. Maher, P. Maher, E. Mortimer P. Park, W. Paye, H. N. Perrigo, B. F. Place, J. Prarie, O. Park, C. N. , Place, H. Raymond, J. O. Bamsdell, E,. E.ussell,.D. Raustin, T. Riley, J. Stanley, M. D. Steemberge, W. St. Antoine, G. Somers, A. Somers, B. C. Silsbee, J. A. Skiff, A. N. Sancomb, C. 30 THE ORGANIZATION. Sabins, H. Smith, a. Stancliff, R. R. Smith, A. Skeels,W. C. Sherden, M. Silsbee, G. M. Taro, F. Adams, J. W. Adrain, H. Ames, L. B. Allen, J. Byette, J. Barker, W. J. Boyd, T. Beyzett, J. Byett, S. Carnithan, L. Chilton, J. Conklin, J. Clark, J. C. Coffee, A. Cozens, C. Cozens, B. Cleland, W. Chambers, J. Chambers, T. Cleland, Gr. Daniels, H. Downs, H. Downs, J. W. Donnelly, E. Durham, A. Thompson, E. A. Thompson, S. R. C. Washburn, Gr. Wood, F, Wilcox, A. H. Willard, C. D. Weller, H. G. Walohon, B. Company "F/i Eggelston, J. Fiefield,J. Fredenberg, B. Flanigan, J. Flanigan, H. Farmer, B. Fairbanks, J. Flack, H. Guilfoil, M. Gordon, W. Grimshaw, J. Giffin, D. G. Guild, W. Gotham, J. ' Giffin, D. W. Head, M. Hullitt, W. Heath, S. Hydorn, J. Haverstock, C. Heath, H. Havens, H. Harvey, A. Keyse, J. Kellison, J. THE ORGANIZATION. 31 Kennedy, J. Leonard, M. Mahony, P. Mills, J. M. McDonald, W. Nolan, M. Prouse, F. Page, J. F. Palmer, H. Pruner, A. ** Reva, J. Robinson, J. Rice, C. Reed, F. Reilly, F. Ryan, J. Radican, J. Smithers, A. Stevens, M. Stevens, H. • Santo, A. Schuyler, J. Smith, W. Santo, C. Stewart, Cr. Stewart, H. Stone, N. Sayers, Gr. Stewart, W. Stork, J. Spring, M. Sullivan, D. Scwell,'a. Turner, E. Thayer, E. Thompson, H. Wright, J. Warden, J. M. AVeymouth, C. Walrath, A. Company "Gr/ Adams, A. Arney, J. Alguire, J. Rird, S. R. Bir(5, 0. Bordwell, B. T. Burzee, W. Gr. Boland, J. Barnard, J. Bromley, J. Burzee, C. Corbino, L. Curry, A. Corey, J. Caple, M. Corey, S. Champian, Gr, Dano, C. E. Darsellf N. Doran, E, Dundon, P. Dano, J. H. Eggleston, J. Foot, C. 32 THE ORGANIZATION. Farley, J. Flora, P. Grans, G. Grans, N. GrahaAn, A. Gardiner, L. Gates, W. How, G. Horton, C. Hedding, J. Hatch, J. C. Hepburn, A. Isner, A. Johnson, M. Johnson, I. Johnson, J. Jordin, W. C. Keen an, W. Lavier, G. Lockwood, E. L. Lewis, C. W. Lytle, G. Loomis, A. G. Laughery, H. A. Lanway, L. Lytle, A. E. Miller, W. Miller, J. E. Merys, J. T. Mead, H. Murry, P. McCloud, N. McNamarra, J. McCabe, T. McDowell, H. Miller, D. Morrison, D. Miller, S. McNamarra, H. McNally, T. Myers, S. Nichols, B. Olney, E. J. Oney, L. fties, G. E. Rickey, H. Royce, A. Rusaw, L. Seeley, D. G. Saunders, 0. W. Shoen, A. Shanan, H. Sutton, A. Smith, B. Short, T. C. Scholl, J. Thompson, C. Taylor, B. F. Tomlinson, J. Turner, H. Turner, H. C. Wait, J. S. Wilson, L. 13. Woodley, J. E. Wright, E. L. Ward, P. Wilson, A, Woomark, J. Welsh, J. R. Wilson, L. THE ORGAJJIZATION. 33 Company Ayres, P. Allen, A. L. Ackerson, D. M. Brooks, B. F. Barcomb, T. Buckman, H. H. Blanchard, J. Bruce, W. Bond, L. M. Bully, a.* Brockway, P. H. Baker, P. Cox, J. Chase, R. A. Curtis, C. Cain, J. Dickinson, C. H. Dixon, R. Dukett, E. Davis, A. Denacore, M. Ebare, D. Pinch, W. H. Guiniup, A. W. Gannon, B. Guiniup, A. A. Hubbell, A. F. Huckins, J. A. Howes, A. S. Hay ward, M. M. Hayford, J. B. Harding, W. C. Harbison, F. <^H/ Ingram, J. Kirby, T. Kelly, M. Long, H. Lablue, A. Lezott, B. Lasua, S. Lafountain, W. Lavanway, D. Long, S. Lapage, A. Luther, A. G. Lafountain, 0. McAvoy, J. Myers, H. Moss, P. Miller, F. Mayo, G. Malhinch, T. Monett, G. Megin, J. Masury, W. T. Masury, G. W. M. Nichols, J. Neill, J. Nicholls, D. O'Connell, J. Oriel, C. Porter, E. H. Powers, E. Passenau, S. Ploof, G. Pray, A. H. 84 THE ORGANIZATION. Pickle, J. Preno, B. Eider, S. Eubadeau, M. Kogers J. Eogers, A. Stone, J. Stearns, J. C. Stacy, P. Trudell, B. Tees, W. Tliurber, J. H. Company Brown, J. Babcock, L. Barnes, J. A. Basban, J. Basban, P. Blaisdell, A. Brownson, J. M. Blaisdell, S. Blount, J. P. Chaffer, C. P. Chaffer, J. E. Chaffer, N. J. Courtney, Gr. Curtis, W. H. Chase, N. P. Curtis, L. P. Curtis, E. Cutler, C. B. Daggett, N. ^ Daggett, a. W. De Cair, D. Tryon, M. M. Traner, C. Upton, W. Upton, E. Vaughn, A. Wisher, J. H. Wilson, H. Wilson, A. Wells, C. White, J. E. Welch, H. "I." De Cair, J. Davis, H. W. De Burke, T. Dawson, T. Eldridge, E. Fairfield, A. Fiske, A. Fiske, B.* . Fiske, K. Flanders, R. Forbes, S. Griffin, L. C: Gray, C. Gray, F. L. ' Hartson, P. Hoxie, F. Holmes, N. Hamlin, F. Harvey, J. Humphey, W. Johnson, F. THE ORGANIZATION. 85 Kent, E. A. Kendall, H. D. King, J. Kirby, C. Knowlton, W. W. , Leahy, W. Leahy, D. • Le Drake, S. Lavane, A. Malia, P. McCarthy, T. Meacham, W. Morgan, W. Murphy, W. Murphy, T. McDonald, P. McCauslin, W. McDonald, D. Nash, D. A. Nobles, J. Pease, CO. Pease, C. Peck, L. Poquet, J. Pease, N. Peck, N. Pettis, R. R. Quagin, M. Eegan, J. Remington, H. ' Rising, J. Stearns, T. J.^ Shampine, J. Sanford, C. Sheldon, P. Smith, H. J. Sweeney, J. Shampine, I. Townsend, A. R. Tyner, R. Waist, C. E. Ward, M. Whitman, D. P. Wood, C. B. Winslow, F. L Wilbur, G-. Whitman, H. Wood, A. Company ^^ K.' Angus, J. Aldons, C. Austin, J. Barker, D. Bullis, M. Buttles, H. W. Bruce, A. Bruce, 0. O. Barnhart, E. Blanchard, E. Bowen, J. Ballow, S. Boyed, R. Conlin, J. C. .Currier, I. Chambers, D. Chambers, H. Chapin, J. 36 THE ORGANIZATION. Conlin, J. Cleflen, 0. Crawford, L. Currier, H. Castle, H. A. Catura, F. Davis, C. P. Dunton, 0. C. Duffy, F. Daily, K. H. Dwane, J. Doarn, ^. Daniels, B. E. Daniels, A. Ellis, a. W. Ellis, W. P. Eveson, J. Fields, J. F. Freeman, D. E-. Ford, M. S. Follette, E. R. Force, C. Forward, J. L. Force, C. Griffis, E. P. Gleason, G-. GiUin, M. Gurley, W. D. Haywood, M. H. Hicks^ S. V. Howe, D. H. Howe, W. L. Harrington, L. C. Hickey, M. A. Hudson, D. A. Haywood, E. Hanks, L. Kelsey, J. E. Lun, W. Ladd, W. M. Liskum, W. Laden, J. Lanway, J. H. Mills, J. R. Mason, E. Merritt, J. Miller, W. Mason, L. Mayhew, J. Munson, P. A. Miller, A. Meacham, H. E. Newell, a. Parker, H. A. Parker, J. S. Peck, E. Preston, D. Potter, L. Page, F. S. Perry, J. W. Perry, J. T. Preston, J. Rich, E. A. Rush, a. Reed, D. Rowley, H. B. Steenbarge, A. ' Stewart, J. •Sullivan, J. O. Sheldon, H. THE ORGANIZATION. 37 Stoddard, S. Wheelock, G. S. • Stevens, J. Wakefield, W. N. Shampine, L. Webster, E. Thomas, J. White, 0. Tripp, R. Whiting, G. W. The full strength of the Regiment on leaving for the seat of war, November 1st, 1861, was as follows: Field and Staff. Colonel — William B. Hayward. Lieutenant-Colonel — William B. Goodrich. Major — Charles R. Brundage. Surgeon — James S. Gale* Assistant Surgeon — William B. Chambers. Chaplain — Richard Eddy. Quartermaster — Edwin A. Merritt. Quartermaster Sergeant — Byron T. Bordwell. Commissary Sergeant — Duncan M. Robertson. Hospital Steward — George G. Cornish. Principal Musician — Sanford Blaisdell. Drum Major— Wilder P. Ellis. Sergeant Major — George W. Hill. Company Officers. Captain William Montgomery, Company A. Captain David Day, 2d, Company B. Captain John C. 0. Redington, Company C. Captain Winslow M. Thomas, Company D. Captain William H. Hyde, Company E. Captain Thomas Elliott, Company F. Captain Hugh Smith, Company G. Captain James M. Ransom, Company H. Captain Jesse H. Jones, Company I. Captain Abel Godard, Company K. 4 38 THE ORGANIZATION. First Lieutenant Benjamin R. Clark, Company A. First Lieutenant Jolin Snyder, Company B. First Lieutenant James Young, Company C. First Lieutenant James M, King, Company D. First Lieutenant P. Shelly Sinclair, Company E. First Lieutenant John Delany, Company F. First Lieutenant Orson M. Foot, Company Gr. First Lieutenant Loring E. White, Company H. First Lieutenant Guy Hogan, Company I. First Lieutenant Henry C. Eastman, Company K. Second Lieutenant James Hurst, Company B. Second Lieutenant Thomas Hobart, Company C. Second Lieutenant George M. Gleason, Company D. = Second Lieutenant Hosea C. Reynolds, Company E. Second Lieutenant Milton F. Spencer, Company F. Second Lieutenant John Dundon, Jr., Company G. Second Lieutenant Marcellus L. Fitch, Company H. Second Lieutenant Lyman M. Shedd, Company I. Second Lieutenant Abner B. Shipman, Company K. Band. Henry S. Wright, Leader. 1st Class. W. H. Easton, 2d Class. J. M. Bonner. J. L. Millis, H. Conway, P. S. Pasha, D. C. Packard, J. A. Wood, G. W. Coburn, S. A. Green, G. R. Ries. M Class. E. L. Lockwood, L. McClallen, A. Hamel, M. J. White, M. M. Follett, E. Axtell, H. E. Kirkham, J. F. Crowley. T. Carr, THE ORGANIZATION. 39 NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS AND PRIVATES. Present. Privates Absent. g 1 • 1 6 1 . Company A '' ' B C D E F G H I K 4 5 4 5 5 4 5 5 5 5 6 8 8 8 8 8 7 8 8 8 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 82 58 70 81 82 71 75 74 72 76 1 6 1 3 5 2 1 4 7 96 78 88 98 96 87 91 89 ■87 98 47 77 13 741 1 7 22 936 Field and Staff 13 Captains and Lieutenants 29 Band 20 Whole strength of the Regiment 998 40 GOING INTO SERVICE. • II. GOING INTO SERVICE. When the action of the officers was reported to me, I felt that it was my duty to contend for what seemed to be my right, and not submit, if I could prevent it, to the fickleness of those whose previous assent to my appointment had been the cause of my leaving my charge at Canton, and making other material changes. I immediately went to the village of Ogdensburgh, and consulted with friends who were familiar with all the facts concerning my connection with the regiment; and, by their advice, determined to go in person to Albany, and lay the case before Governor Morgan. Hon. A. B. James gave me a letter of introduction to his Excellency, in which he reminded him that the papers necessary for my appointment were already on file with the Adjutant-General, and urged that the ends of justice would only be met by my receiving the com- mission which the Governor had already promised me. On the way to Albany, I met Hon. C. G. Myers, then Attorney-General of the State, and Hon. W. H. Dart, United States District Attorney, both of whom, after reading Judge James' letter, appended to it a few words of commendation and approval. Thus furnished with what would at least pro- cure me an audience with the Governor, I reached Albany, and at once applied for admission at the Executive Chamber, which was immediately granted. Colonel Hayward had sent a long telegram to the Governor, desiring him to send a com- mission direct to Rev. Dr. Scudder, and some one else had GOING INTO SERVICE. 41 forwarded a message requesting him to do nothing about it till I should arrive. I was therefore expected, and at once obtained an interview. After reading the letter, and satisfy- ing himself that I was a regularly ordained minister, the Governor went into the Adjutant-General's room, where he found and soon returned with the lettef of Colonel Brun- dage, containing my nomination, and the certificate I have previously mentioned, and which reads as follow: — " Camp Wheeler, Sept. 17th, 1861. " To Rev. Richard Eddy : " This is to certify to you that I have, with the consent and approval of the following named Captains, nominated you for the Chaplaincy of the Regiment now being organized at this camp. Captain W. B, Goodrich, Captain Thomas Elliott, D. Day, 2d, '* Hugh Smith, W. M. Thomas, " J. M. Ransom, " W. II. Hyde, " A. Godard. Very respectfully, yours, CHAS. R. BRUNDAGE, Colonel Commanding." On reading these documents and referring to paragraph 15 of General Orders No. 78, which prescribes the manner in which Chaplains shall be appointed, (as see Chapter I.,) the Governor decided that my appointment was regular, and that I need give myself no further concern about it. On my rep- resenting to him that the regiment had probably left camp that morning, but that I, uncertain how my case might be decided, had been compelled to leave my horse and baggage behind, he sent me to the Quartermaster-General, who fur- nished me with transportation to Ogdensburgh, and back again to Albany, where I was to report for further orders. In a short time I was on my way to Ogdensburgh, via Whitehall, at which place I remained' over night. The regi- ment left Ogdensburgh for Albany on the morning of Novem- 4* -42 GOING INTO SERVICE. ber Ist, and was expected at Whitehall early on the morning of the 2d. A little before daylight I went down to the wharf. The boats were just in. I reported myself to Colonel Hayward as his Chaplain, reminding him that I had pre- viously informed him what papers I had on file in Albany, and that the Governor had decided that they were sufficient. The Colonel seemed very much surprised and embarrassed, and simply answered : " Very well, sir ! very well \" , I accompanied the regiment as far as Saratoga, and there took the return train. Colonel H. remarked to the Adjutant that he should upset my matters as soon as he got to Albany, and was very confident that Dr. Scudder would yet have the Chaplaincy. Accordingly he took Major Brundage with him to an interview with the Governor, and desired the Major to give a full statement of the case ; upon his doing which the Governor repHed : " That is just what Mr. Eddy stated yes- terday.'* "Then you will appoint Pr. Scudder, of course," said Colonel Hayward. " No," replied the Governor, " We don't do things here one day to undo them the next." It was intended that the regiment should go directly through to Washington, without delay; but, for the accommodation of the Colonel, they were landed in New Zork. After being uncomfortably quartered on filthy boats and barges during the most of Saturday and the whole of Sunday, they were marched up town on Monday morning, where two flags were presented, one by Mrs. A. T. Stewart, and the other by the firm and employees of Stone, Starr & Co. The latter was presented at Union Square ; and I find the following account of the presentation in the '^ Journal of the American Tem- perance Union :" "colonel hayward's speech. " Few men are of as high Christian character as Colonel Hay- ward, of tHe 60th Regiment New York Volunteers. On being GOING INTO SERVICE. 43 presented with a banner by the house of Stone & Starr, in New York, he said : " 'Ladies and Gentlemen: My heart is full — full. A man's sense of duty, and devotion to his country and his God, and to the dear friends who entrust him with their confidence, must be read in his acts, not in his words. Unaccustomed as I am to speaking in such a presence in the open air, I cannot hope to make you feel what I feel. But I trust you will bear with me, and believe me. Need I say to you how much I feel honored by the friends who have bestowed upon me and this regiment — not yet more than fifty days since the enlistment, new to their duties, and not quite so well drilled as some of the Seventh Regiment whom I see before me — this beautiful ensign, the flag of our Union ! It is an honor which deeply moves me, and of which I feel, as I read myself, altogether unworthy. ■ " 'Yet I would respond frankly to the new obligations which this presentation lays upon me. If I have any ambition, it is an ambition to do my whole duty to you, my friends, my coun- try, and my God, and deserve the honor w^hich is this day and in this presence bestowed upon me and my regiment. I go out to my service to my country as a duty which I owe to God first of all, then to my country, then, my friends, to you. " ' I go in the name of the Lord God Almighty, and in that name we will bear aloft this banner. I go to the field because I believe it is the will of my Heavenly Father ; and should I fail — I will recall it; I will not use the word. To him who goes. at the call of duty — in the name of the Lord — there can be ?io such thing as fail. " ' My employers, my friends, I here unsheath this sword. It is no idle sign. My heart's blood goes with this sword; and both go to defend this banner, and carry it where victory awaits us. In the name of the Lord we will set up our banner. My heart is full, and grows fuller still as I look upon this flag, and this monument to the father of our country, and to the pre- sence of these dear friends, from whom I am about to separate. Friends, I will now say farewell. " ' With this' — looking up at the flag, as he grasped it in his hand — ' this right arm shall be stronger than ever, and this heart shall be more courageous. This shall lead us. Accept 44 GOING INTO SERVICE. my thanks, and the thanks of these brave, good men whom you see around you.' "Many eyes glistered with tears, as those last words were uttered ; for the manner of the speaker moved as much as his simple, eloquent speech. At the close the Colonel was loudly cheered, and- also the Sixtieth, the noble regiment which he commands." After this delay and ceremony — very gratifying, no doubt, to the Colonel and his friends, but so uncomfortable and an- noying to the men, that they complained most bitterly — the regiment moved towards Washington. While waiting in Baltimore for coffee, which was being prepared by the Union Relief Association, Colonel Hayward ordered the regiment drawn up in line on the platform at the Washington Railroad Depot, and set Adjutant Gale to distributing tracts among them. The people looked on in wonderful admiration, and forthwith named the command, " The Pious Regiment !" I am sorry to say that, as this reputation was built only on a surface show, the Sixtieth did not long retain their new name ! Arriving in Washington, the regiment was sent into camp at Kalarama Heights, distant about three miles from the Capitol. I did not participate in any of these New York, Baltimore or Washington experiences, but according to all accounts was not thereby deprived of any pleasure ! I rejoined the regiment on the morning of November 9th, at which time I found the men drawn up near the Baltimore depot, at Washington, where they had been since daylight, waiting for transportation. No one appeared amiable. All looked cross, tired, and nervous. Lt. Col. Goodrich was the first man I spoke to. He replied to the salutation of ^^ How are you ?" " I am d — d mad I" " Not quite as bad as that, I guess," was the remonstrance. " Yes, full as bad. I never was more mad in my life I" '^What appears to be the trouble ?" " Trouble enough ! We have got the devilishest fool for a colonel that ever lived!" On that point there seemed to be entire unanimity, although some were less em- GOING INTO SERVICE. 45 phatic than others in expTessing their thoughts; but a great many used all the hard and profane words in the language in their efforts to relieve their feelings. Quartermaster Merritt looked as sorely tried as any of the others, but to appearance took a more religious view, for his answer to the same salu- tation with which I greeted the Lieut-Colonel, was, 'Tray for us. Chaplain ! We are in an awful fix ; get us out of it if you can I" How to get out of it, was the chief problem in the Regi- ment, from that time till deliverance was accomplished. 46 RAILROAD DUTY. III. KAILROAD DUTY. The train, for wliicli the regiment was waiting in Wasliing- ton, was ready for it sometime before noon, and late in the afternoon landed the Right Wing, consisting of Co/s " B,'^ " G-,'' " E," " K," " J)/' at the Relay House, and took the Left Wing, Co.'s" V^ '^F," "A," "H,^' " C,'^ on towards Bal- timore, dropping Co. "V about two miles from the Relay, Co. "F" about a mile and a half further on, Co. "A" nearly, if not quite the same distance beyon^ and Co.'s "C" and ''H'^ at Jackson's bridge, near the Baltimore city limits. This movement was made, and the companies stationed, under the supervision of Col. John C. Robinson, of the 1st. Regt. Michigan vols., at that time acting Brigadier of all the forces on railroad duty. The necessity for such a guard arose from the fact that the Potomac was strongly blockaded by the rebels, and all Government freight, whether coming from the North, East, or West, must pass through Maryland, and over this one line of road. Maryland loyalty was not then above suspicion ; in pet it was hardly known who, among the masses, was for or against the Union. It was important, therefore, that a strong force should be put on the roa^, to make suro that it was kept open and undisturbed. At tJie time we went on the road, and for several months after, the following regi- ments were doing guard duty between the Relay and Wash- ington : Tenth Maine, First Michigan, and First District of RAILROAD DUTY. 47 Columbia, Volunteers. We relieved the Tenth Maine of their posts at and near the Relay, and they went up towards Anna- polis Junction. About this time the loyal people of Baltimore and vicinity were making strong eflPorts to draw a definite line between those who were for and those who were against the Govern- ment. A Vigilance Committee was organized, which adopted, among other measures, the sending of the following circular to such as they had reason to suspect were in sympathy with the rebels : ^ GOD AND THE UNION. ANCE ( Baltimore, Md. Headquarters op Union Vigilance Committee, ) Sir: As a person favoring Traitors to the Union, you are notified that your name is recorded on the List of this Association. Your movements are Strictly "Watched, and unless you change your course and at once give your support to the Union, you will he dealt with as a Traitor. By order of the Committee, ^ J. B., Secretary. We arrived at the Relay in a storm. The Colonel took , shelter in the hotel, and sent the Lieutenant-Colonel to look j out a camping-ground. The only really suitable place was occupied by the Tenth Maine, and we had to content ourselves for the night with an open field adjoining. The next day was Sunday ; but as it was still storming, we held no service, i Calling on the Colonel at his hotel, in the fnorning, he in- I quired of me how the men were getting along ; to which I '■ replied that they had got their tents up, and were very com- Y fortable ] but that there was a very unhappy feeling against him, which, if it proceeded from any mistake or ignorance, ! he had better talk with them about it, and explain, imme- diately, for there was too much unanimity in the dissatisfac- 48 RAILROAD DUTY. tion to justify his passing it unnoticed. He replied that there was no ground for dissatisfaction 3 he had done nothing that should give offence, having, in every instance, simply obeyed orders, and at all times done the best he could for the comfort of the men. I answered that I knew nothing of the circum- stances to which he alluded, but that there was a wide differ- ence of opinion between him and the command, and that no time was to be lost if he wished to disabuse their minds and restore their confidence. He returned with me to the camp, and made an address to the men, desiring me to add a few remarks ; it belonging to the Chaplain, he said, " to act as mediator between the Colonel and his command." In the course of his remarks, the Colonel alluding to some of the circumstances of which they complained, over which he had no control, made use of an expression which pleased the boys very much, and was afterwards used by them when- ever they conversed on anything for which they did not think themselves responsible. The weather had been bad, and a detention was made by failure to procure the necessary num- ber of frogs, a small movable piece of leather attached to the belt, and in which the bayonet scabbard is inserted. The Colonel's excuse for their chief troubles was ; " God sent the rain ; and the frogs didn't come !'' I went as far in the work of reconciliation as I considered the circumstances to warrant, by saying to the men that I hoped they would give the Colonel's words all the considera- tion they thought them entitled to, in view of all the facts in the case, known to them, but merely told to me. Evidently hif» words did ^ot reach the point, for the men grew more bitter in their feelings against him, and the officers more strong in their determination to solve their problem by getting rid of their Colonel. Meanwhile we were getting well initiated in railroad guard duty. The Tenth Maine moved away, and we burnt up. the rubbish and laid out a new camp on the ground they had RAILROAD DUTY. 49 occupied. The Colonel named it Camp Morgan, in honor of the Governor. Company ^' B" went up to Ellicott's Mills, on the main stem of tlje Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, six miles west of the Belay 5 Company ^'K" went to Fort Dix, close by the camp; Company " F" moved up to the Turnpike Crossing, about a mile from headquarters ; Company " D" went down to Mount Clare Station ; Company '^C" to Camden Station ; and Company "T' to Locust Point. On the 11th, William McDonald, of Company <' F," being on duty on the railroad near the Four Mile Station, at about three o'clock in the morning, felt faint, and, sitting down to recover, became unconscious. The New York express train passed while he was in this stupor, and running over one of his feet and ankles, made it necessary to amputate his leg just below the knee. One week from the day of our arrival at the Belay, the company officers addressed Colonel Hayward the following letter : Camp Morgan, Nov. 16, 1861. : To Colonel Wm. B. Hayward, 60th Begt. N. Y. S. V. Sir : The undersigned officers of the 60th Regiment N. Y. S v., would most respectfully submit to you the following facts. By our united efforts we raised a regiment of men in Northern New York, from the sturdy farmers, mechanics, hunters and la- borers of our own immediate neighborhoods ; men, who felt that the call of Country was paramount to all other claims, and they left their homes with strong hearts and willing hands, deter- mined to do their duty in any contingency. You were recommended to these men for their leader, and though a stranger, relying upon those recommendations, they re- ceived you with open hearts, trusting that you were the man to maintain the good reputation of the Regiment, for no men, uu- drilled, even werit into the field with a better reputation, which reputation was maintained until we reached Washington. Since that time our Regiment has become completely disheartened. The 5 50 '* RAILROAD DUTY. following are in our opinion the principal causes. You, Colonel, have shown a want of coolness and discretion, an excitabilitjj and irritability, a disregard for the comfort and welfare of tliet men, and an utter want of humanity, which, combined with youri' overbearing conduct, and lack of common courtesy to the menr: and officers, is the immediate cause of all this dissatisfaction: and discouragement. In fact the men and officers have entirely;, lost confidence in you as a commander, and the sentiment is^ universal that you are not the man to give them confidence and! courage in the field. We do not wish to particularize, but youn sense ought to teach you that you cannot expect men to become: good and efficient soldiers, with such feelings existing against' their commandant. We therefore, in view of these facts, most respectfully as a body, and as individuals, ask you to resign and, vacate your position as Colonel of the 60th Regiment N. Y. S. V. We ask it as a duty which we owe to the men we have brought into the field, and to the friends they have left behind, and to the Northern part of the State of New York, the interests of which we represent. We ask this too, as the only possible means of restoring confidence and courage to our men, now com- pletely broken down and discouraged. Yours, respectfully. This was signed by all the Captains and Lieutenants. The next morning the Colonel sent up the following : Camp Morgan, Relay House, Nov. 17, 1861. To THE Company Commissioned" Officers of 60th Regt. N. Y. S. V. ^^ Gentlemen: The tender of the command of this regiment to me, was a surprise. Its acceptance involved the relinquishment of a position in the largest commercial house in the United States, and the sacrifice of about five hundred dollars per annum, being the difi'erence between the compensation of the former po- sition, and the pay and emoluments of my present rank. It in- -^ volved also an increase on the annual premiums of my life po- licies to about three hundred and twenty-five dollars per annum, if our regiment serves above the 34th degree of north latitude, or of six hundred and fifty dollars per annum, if we should be ordered south of that degree in the prescribed summer months. RAILROAD DUTY. 51 In addition to ail that, (say eleyen hunded and fifty dollars per annum) the expense of a coloners outfit has been very consider- able, and will amount to some five hundred dollars more the first year. Since I have had command of the regiment, my every solici- tude has been for the procurement at the earliest possible moment of every article to which every Commissioned, Non-commissioned .Officer and Private is entitled. But as, since we have been as- signed, to a brigade, it has been ordered that all of our requisi- tions of every kind shall be approved, first by myself, second by the Acting Brigadier, and third by the Division Commander, some delay must necessarily occur before all that the regiment is entitled to shall be procured. The Adjutant, Quartermaster, and Non-commissioned stafi", have exerted, and are exerting themselves to the utmost to pro- cure the necessary blanks, for requisitions, books, stationery,. fuel, subsistence, clothing, arms, — in fact everything pertaining to a regiment. A comparison of the condition of regiments which have been in the field for weeks or months, with ours so recently ar- rived, is unjust to every Field and Stafi" Officer of our Begi- ment, who are faithfully executing their several duties with all the facility the forms and routine of office at Washington will permit. It would be more just to compare the condition of this regi- ment with that of the Seventh New York Militia, or the other three-months' men, who first took the field ; but especially with , others from New York who immediately preceded or followed us. The comparison will inure to our benefit. With respect to .the various means of transportation from Ogdensburgh to Washington, and here, they were made by order of the Quartermaster's Department of the State of New York, and of the United States— I only having the privilege of insisting upon "two cars" to each company, and the freight- car, and car for field and stafi", wherever I could do so success- fully. In regard to orders to move to Kalarama, and from there here, they were imperative from Gen. Casy and Gen. Marcy — the lat- ter the chief of stafi" of Gen. McClollan. AVe were not consulted 52 RAILROAD DUTY, as to location, or length of time to continue. We have received orders, and have obeyed orders of our sup&riors, as bound to do. It is incumbent on you to impress upon your companies that the colonel, or any of the field or staff, can have no choice as to brigade, division, location, or time to march ; and that we must hold ourselves in readiness to go vrherever v^^e are ordered, and when we are ordered, with great promptness. I have made a report to the Acting Assistant Adjutant-Gen- eral of Acting Brigadier Robinson's Brigade, relative to our duties, and the excessive nature of it, which I have withheld for your perusal, in order that you might communicate the sub- stance of it to your several companies. Since I have been on duty with you, I have been suffering much anxiety for the good of the regiment, in all respects, and I have also been a sufferer physically ; so much so that, in civil life, I should have confined myself to the house for cure. These causes, added to the oft-told story that the regiment were blaming me for every want, for every movement, and the dis- comforts arising from the weather sent from God, haive doubt- less caused a degree of irritation, which I regret. The ofiicers may, however, judge from the spontaneous offering of ALL the firm and employees of Stone, Starr & Co., in the gift of the flag ; from the unanimity of those with whom I wa« more immediately associated at A. T. Stewart & Co.'s, in the gift of the sword I wear ; and from the gift of a flag by Mrs. A. T. Stew- art, at the hands of Mr. Stewart, that, in the future, and when we become more settled, the Colonel will render to every one in the regiment the respect due to him as a soldier and gentle. man. In closing his communication. Col. Hayward would say, that it is his desire, if possible, to win the love and the attachment of every individual member of his command, so far as he has opportunity to do so, and so far as he can do so in consistence with Revised Army Regulations, and the Rules and Articles of War, to which he specially directs the attention of every officer to whom this is addressed. You, gentlemen, have the eyes of the State of New York — your birth State — upon you. I have the eyes of Maryland, my birth- RAILROAD DUTY, 53 State — and of New York, my adopted mother State since tho spring of 1843 — upon me. Thus I have a double incentive to the performance of every duty. Therefore, desiring your co- operation, and vyrith a firm reliance upon Divine strength and wisdom, let us emulate each other in gaining military know- ledge, and in personal prowess upon the field of battle. Respectfully yours, W. B. HAYWARD, Colonel Commanding. On the 19th of November, the first death occurred in the regiment. Early in the morning Henry W. Powers, Drum- mer of Company " C," died of inflammation of the bowels. He had been very sick for several days, and his condition required that he should be buried immediately. Just at sunset, all things being in readiness, we bore his remains to the Metho- dist burying-ground at Elkridge Landing, a mile from camp, and laid them to rest. The attendance at this funeral was uncommonly large. Company ^' C" coming up in a body from their camp, and all the ofiicers and men who were off duty at headquarters, being present. It was a new and strange thing then. Alas ! we little thought how common it would yet be to us ! On the 20th, the following circular was sent to the com- pany commanders. It was originally prepared, I believe, at the Railroad Superintendent's Office, for the instruction of Colonel Hayward, and by him put in the form presented here. The Colonel fancied that he had discovered a great conspiracy to destroy the road, and one morning called on Mr. Smith, the Master of Transportation, before it was fairly light, to make a disclosure of his discoveries and suspicions. He was thought to be a little wild on the subject, but this document is sup- posed to have grown out of that interview : 5* 64: RAILKOAD DUTY. Headquarters 60th Reguient, N. Y. S. Yols. Camp Morgan, near Relay House, November 20th, 1801. Sir: In order to more effectually carry out the important duties assigned to you with your command, you will hereafter observe the following points : — 1st. All Bridges and Culverts between the Relay House, at Washington Junction, and the three city stations of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company, at Baltimore, namely: "Mount Clare," "Camden Street'^ and "Locust Point," must be carefully observed, particularly between the hours of sunset and sunrise. The most important of these structures are, first, the Carrollton Viaduct, or stone arch bridge, over Gwinn's Falls, at the city limits, near Mount Clare and Locust Point Junctions ; second, the Iron Truss Suspension Bridge, over Carey Street, Baltimore, between Mount Clare Junction and Mount Clare Station ; and third, the Long Wooden Trestling on the Locust Point Road, near the Locust Point Station. Besides these principal struc- tures, there are numerous Stone Culvcrts,.intermediately at vari- ous intervals, at any of which mischief may be done by the use of powder or other agencies. 2d.. All the Switches, especially those upon the Main Track, between the city limits and the Relay Junction, should be care- fully observed, particularly from sunset to sunrise. The chang- ing of a switch leading from the main track, may be done silently and unobserved, unless prevented by the exercise of constant vigilance. Serious calamities, particularly to troop trains, in- volving large loss of life to the soldiers occupying them, may ensue from the derangement of a single SAvitch. 3d. Another form of malicious interference with the track, to which your attention is directed, is the Displacement of the Rails. This may also be committed by one person, requiring simply, in some cases, the withdrawal of the spikes by which the rails are fastened to the sills or cross-ties. This is the more dangerous, because it would be less likely to be observed or discovered by the enginemen, ©r others in charge of the trains, until too late to avoid serious consequences by a run-off of the engine and the destruction of property and life that might attend it. Upon Cur-^gBd Places, or near a Culvert or Cattle Stop, or upon Em- RAILROAD DUTY. 55 Irankments, this form of interference with the road would be most disastrous, and, consequently, most likely to be attempted. 4th. Another, and perhaps the readiest source of malicious injury to the road — against which it will be your duty to guard it — is the Placing of Obstructions upon or between the Kails. The placing of a cross-tie, an old rail or other lumber, or metal, or stone, which may be often found convenient to the road-side, is readily calculated to throw off a train and blockade the road, with serious consequences. ^ In order to prevent, however, the possibility of any injury, derangement, or obstruction to the track, or bridges, or any por- tion of the same under your charge, it will be best to require your sentinels and pickets to challenge and warn off all suspicious persons who may attempt to occupy, or even walk along the track. As the road-bed and the taacks upon it are the private property of the Railroad Company, and not a public highwa}-, (except for the trains operated by them,) no right exists on the part of others to use. the road as a highway, or to occupy it for private purposes. As a subject of incidental interest to the Government, you will direct your guard at Locust Point and Mount Clare, in charge of the bridges near those places, to give attention to the loaded cars that may stand during the night in their vicinity. The contents of the greater number of these cars, being the pro- perty of the Government in transitu, embracing much powder, valuable ammunition, and equipments and packages of every description, it is of course desirable that they should not be mo- lested, in any form, by wilful persons. In moving your officers and men fr©m one position to another, in cases requiring the use of a passenger train, -you will see that they confine themselves to the Accommodation, known as the EUicott's Mills Train. As this passes over your part of the line four times daily, in each direction, at good intervals, it ought to afford sufficient facilities for your objects. It is desired that you will not stop any other passenger trains, especially those to and from Washington, at intermediate pointsyunless upon some very urgent necessity. In the performance of all those duties, you will directly, or through your officers, confer from time to time with the Ag&nts 66 RAILROAD DUTY. of the Railroad Company respectively as follows: Mr. A. J. Fairbank, Mount Clare Station ; J. T. England, Agent at Cam- • den Station ; J. D. McKean, Agent at Locust Point. The officers in cilarge of the Track, throughout your limits, is Mr. Fioderick t Theimeyer, Supervisor of Road. The object of such inleicourse', as is here suggested, is sin^ply that you may avoid any interfer-- ence^ upon the part of your men, with the prompt operation off the road, and to insure a mutual facility in furthering your ob- jects, as well as those of the Railroad Company. WM. B. HAYWARD, Col. Commanding 60th Regiment, N. Y. S. Vols. . On the 27tli we moved camp, for the purpose of being nearer the centre of our line, and established headquarters near Jackson's bridge, wlx^re Major Brundage had been, in charge of the left wing, ever since we came on the road. Camp . Rathbone, was the name Col. Hay ward gave it, in honor of J Brig. Gen. Rathbone, of Albany. In communicating the name to me, that I might inform the men how to put the proper heading on the letters they should send home, the colonel was very particular to spell it, to guard against mis- take. In spite of his precautions, however, a letter was re- ceived in a few days, directed to Camp Wrathburn ! It made some laugh, and considering the state of feeling towards the colonel, was not incongruous. The officers had expected that the colonel would take further notice of their letter, but as he did not, they sent" the follow- ing to Col. Robinson. Nov. 23, 1861. Colonel John C. Robij^son. Sir: On the 16th day of Nov. inst., the undersigned officers of the 60th Regt. N. Y. S. V., respectfully addressed a letter to Colonel William B. Ilayward, commanding the 60th Regt. N. Y S. V. of which the following is a copy. * * * -x- To this letter we have had no reply unless a communication: , addressed to the officers, in which no allusion was made to our RAILROAD DUTY. 57 letter, might be considered a reply. We have waited patiently for Col; ITayward to give us an answer, at the same time hoping that a better state of feeling might exist, and a stronger faith in our colonel might result from delay. This hope has failed ; this faith can accomplish nothing. We have now nothing left us to do but to complain to you as our acting brigadier, reaffirming all contained in our letter, and adding that unless some immedi- ate action is taken in this matter, our Regiment in which we 'once took so much pride, and for which we hoped so much, must become completely disorganized, and our men, the best in our par^ of the State, in whom we had so much confidence, will be- come entirely worthless as soldiers. We therefore, without preferring specific charges against Col. Hayward, most respectfully ask j^ou to inquire into the condition of our Regiment, and give us such counsel as you may judge our case demands. Yours, respectfully. Soon after this letter was sent, we were visited by Hon. Preston King and General Patrick, who came to satisfy them- selves concerning our candition. Not long afterwards Col. Robinson came into camp, and advised Col. Hayward to re- gign. The advice was not immediately followed ; the Colonel, I believe, thinking that the men would yet give him their confidence as* before, and the officers withdraw their opposi- tion. To realize his hopes he spared no efforts, but exerted himself to the utmost to procure everything necessary for the command ; and giving his personal attention to the drill of the men, sought to make everything move pleasantly and in harmony. It is my opinion that he would have succeeded if the officers had not already carried the matter so far ; but they were determined that he should not succeed ; and the men, catching their spirit, and judging that the colonel was now over-doing the amiable, made fun of his drill, and strengthened their desire for a change. On the 28th, a sad affair occurred at Ellicott's Mills. The loyal people of that place had organized a "home guard'.' One of the members wanted to try his skill at pushing bay- 58 RAILROAD DUTY. onets with Simeon Fishbeck, of Company " B.'^ Getting tireOi of this, he, in a playful manner, snapped his unloaded gun at Fishbeck ; who, thinking his gun also unloaded, snapped it in return, when, it proving to be loaded, he discharged its con- tents through Knight just below his collar-bone. He sur- vived till the next day. The following order was issued, and the annexed report subsequently made Headquarters 60th Regt. N. Y. S. Vols., | Camp Rathbone, Dec. 4, 18G1. ) Orders No. 3G. A Court of Inquiry, To consist of Capt Hyde, Company " E," Lieut. AVhite, Company " H," Lieut. Shedd, Company " I/' will proceed by the earliest train to-morrow to Ellicott's Mills, and fully, carefully, and deliberately investigate the manner and ' cause of the death of Private William Knight, of- the Patapsco Guard, said to have been caused at the hands of one of the pri- vates of Company " B,^' of the Sixtieth Regiment N. Y. S. Vols. They will call and examine witnesses, and will report all the facts, and circumstances, and testimonies minutely in writing to these headquarters, and give the opinion of the Court in the case. By order of WILLIAM B. HAYWARD, Colonel Commanding. R. C. Gale, Adjutant. Ellicott's Mills, Md., Dec. 5, 18G1. The necessities of the public service demanded the postpone- ment of the above inquiry until the present date, and the Court assembled at this place at three o'clock p.m. The following order was then read : , Headquarters 60th Regt. N. Y. S. Yols., ] Camp Rathbone, near Baltimore, [ December 6, 1861. J Special Order No. 10. The Court of Inquiry, of which Capt. W. II. Hyde, of Com- pany " E," this regiment, is President, having been prevented by RAILROAD DUTY. 59 other oflScial business from convening at Ellicott's Mills yester- da}^ will assemble there at three o'clock this day, and will con- tinue their sessions as long after three o'clock as the importance of the case and the exigencies of the case may require. By order of WILLIAM B. IIAYWARD, Colonel 60th Regt. N. Y. S. Y. The Court met pursuant to the above order. Present. Capt. W. H. Hyde, Company " E," Lieut. L. E. White, Company " II," Lieut. L. M. Shedd, Company "I." Proceedings. The Recorder administered the oath to the other members of the Court, and the President administered the oath to the Recorder, after which the evidence was taken. STATEMENT OF THE ACCUSED, SIMEON FISHBECK. On the morning of November 27, I was doing duty as guard at Ellicott's Mills. I went on from 5 to 8 on the evening of the 26th. I procured a man to go on for me from 12 to 2. When I came off at 8, I put my gun in the corner so that I should know ' where to find it. The gun was not loaded, as I had no oixler to I load, and no ammunition to load it with. I went on at 5 o'clock I on the morning of the 27th. I went to the corner where I put j my gun. It was dark in the room. I reached for my gun, but did not notice particularly if it was ray own gun; there were ! two or three guns in the corner. I went out and relieved the I sentry on the bridge. About 8 o'clock I saw one of the Patapsco Guards coming toward me on double quick. He stopped about eight feet from me, and charged bayionets on a small boy. A number of citizens stood about. The man stepped up to me and said, ''Let's show them ^ow- to charge bayonets." We placed the muzzles of our guns to each other's breasts, and pushed each 60 RAILROAD DUTY. other with our guns. He cocked his gun, and I did the same. We both snapped guns. The gun I had went off. He fell on his \ right knee, and held his gun in his left hand. I dropped my gun and stepped forward to support him. Pie said, " You have shot me, but it was an accident." I told him, "I guess not; try and get up." He said, "Carry me to some corner, and lay me down to die." A man came up, and we took him to the quarters of Company "B," Sixtieth Regiment N. Y. S. V. He afterward said to me, *' It was an accident." It was entirely accidental on my part. I supposed that I had my own gun. I knew that my gun was not loaded. • All the evidence tended to corroborate the above statement. The statement of the. accused having closed, the President ordered the Court to be cleared, and the proceedings were then read to the Court by the Recorder. Findings of the Court. The Court, after mature deliberation on the testimony ad- duced, respectfully report: That Private William H. Knight, of the Independent Patapseo Guard, came to his death at Ellicott's Mills, Md., by a gus.ehob wound at the hands of Private Simeon Fishbeck, of CoiB^any " B," Sixtieth Regiment New York State Volunteers The opinion of the Court having been ordered, the fol]Ii>wing is their opinion in the case : That the shooting of Private William H. Knight by Private Simeon Fishbeck was unintentional on the part of the accthted. Capt. WILLIAM H. HYDE, President. Lieut. LYMAN M. SHEDD, Recorder. While we were at tliis camp an incident occurred which made a great deal of merriment at the time, and at the re- membrance and the recital of it, many a hearty laugh has been had since. Colonel Hayward brought with him from New York, a negro named Philip J^ee, who, in his way, was quite a genius, especially well skilled in getting up good I RAILROAD DUTY. 61 things in the culinary line. Philip had occasion one morning, while preparing his master's breakfast, to go outside the lines for a pail of water. The guards were instructed to pass no one out unless they had a written pass, and poor Philip soon found an obstruction. He remonstrated a long time, but the guard was inexorable, and Philip could not get away till, after a long time, the officer of the guard came round and passed him out. Meanwhile the Colonel had got up, had several times called loudly for Philip, but received no answer. I happened to come out of my tent just as the negro recrossed the lines on his return with the water. Waiting till he got j in speaking distance, I told him to hurry up, for the Colonel had called him several times and was getting impatient. " See here, Cap'n Eddy,'^ said Philip, " he ken holler jes' as much as him please ! Pie tink one man's goin' to do tree or four men's work ! ^Sides he dun gone an' made a requisition on de guard, and how's I goin' to get out to get de water !" A '• requisition on de guard" was the apology for many a delinquency thereafter ! I commenced service as Postmaster of the regiment on the 11th of November, and kept account of all the letters mailed by me during the month. They amounted to 1533, from about one-half of the command ; the other half, being near established post offices, mailed their's direct, and sent perhaps quite as many more. Letters from home did not come in such large quantities. Something was wrong, and to see what it was, I went to the General Post Office at Washington, on the second of December. There I found too many to count, but, in quantity, about two bushels ! On the 5th of December, we had our first visit from the Paymaster, Major Smith, who paid us up to November 1st. Some of the companies received but little, and none of them had two full months' pay j but, out of the amount received, the following sums were sent home. From Field and Staff Officers, $550 ; from Company '^A," $1,324 ; Company " B,'* 6 62 RAILROAD DUTY. $840; Company " C," $700; Company ^^ D," $1,243.23; Company '' E," $1,106.92; Company " F," $295; Company "G," $375.25; Company " H/' $556; Company "!/' $593; Company "K./' $853.95. Making a total of eight thousand five hundred and three dollars, and sixty-two cents. On the 10th, we moved camp again. The ground we were on was wet and springy, so we crossed the railroad, and also the Washington Turnpike, and pitched camp on a hillside fronting Patapsco Bay,- and the principal portion of the city of Baltimore. The name of the former camp was retained. At the foot of the hill was a small pond used as an ice-field by the Susquehanna Ice Company, but from which they gathered no ice that winter. Just across the inlet of this pond was a large brick building, then unused, but previously occupied as a distillery. A story was in circulation, and generally believed, I think, in camp, that a military prison had formerly been erected by the British on the site of this building, and that in digging to lay the foundation of this distillery, hand-cuffs and other manacles had been found among the former ruins. I have recently had some curiosity to inquire into the matter, and am well convinced that the story was not true. Qn the 11th we had the second death in the regiment. Henry W. Dunn, of Co. "C^ died of typhoid fever, at Capt. Redington's quarters in the city. His body was sent home for burial. Capt. Redington's proceedings in the matter, he having made all necessary arrangements without consulting Col. Hay ward, gave great off'ence to the latter, and incited him to arrest the captain for alleged disobedience of orders in permitting his guard to leave their posts, for a short time, on Thanksgiving Bay, for the purpose of dining at the captain's quarters. At the same time Co. " C '' was relieved by Co. "II" from duty at Camden Station, and sent up to the Four JNlile Station, distant that far from the city. On pitching camp, the captain, desirous of expressing his opinion of the RAILROAD DUTY. 63 move, named the place. Camp Fidgety ! The colonel soon ordered the name changed to Camp Ilobart. In retaliation for his arrest Capt. Redington preferred charges against the colonel for drawing a pistol on one of the guard. The colonel sent the charges, as in duty bound, to his acting brigadier, but accompanied them with a letter, explaining that what he did as charged, was done while instructing the guard, who was careless on his post, and by way, simply, of showing him how easily he might be surprised. Col. Eobiuson read the charges, but took no further notice of them. Captain Kedington's sword was shortly after restored to him, and he was ordered to duty. On the night of the 11th, between 11 and 12 o'clock, our camp was alarmed by a terrible explosion, evidently quite "near, followed by a whistling noise in the air, much resembling that caused by the passage of a bomb, which Col. Hayward felt quite confident it was. A corporal in charge of a relief guard was going the rounds with his squad, when the strange noise-maker fell on their path, and only about three feet in their rear. They also thinking it a bomb, got out of the way in a " double quick." No explosion following, the corporal reported that something had fallen near him, and was sent by the colonel to ascertaii^ what it was. He returned bringing a piece of locomotive boiler-fiue about three feet long, and weighing ten or fifteen pounds. As it was still very hot, we of course concluded that the explosion took place not far from us, and at once as many as were up went down to the track, about a hundred yards from camp. While going down the side of the deep cut through which the road here passes, I came upon the body of a man, horribly mutilated, his countenance so disfigured as to have but little of a human appearance rcr maining. He had evidently been blown into the air, and to Buch an elevation that coming down feet first, both legs were driven into the mud to some distance above his knees. The man had on a soldier's uniform, but we never learned what 64 RAILROAD DUTY. regiment or State he belonged to. The locomotive, one of the kind called " camel back/' lay upon the side of the track, a wreck. Fragments of it were strewn in every direction, some to the distance of four hundred feet. The engineer was found two hundred and sixty-four feet from the track, having been thrown, before striking the ground, through the top of a large tree, breaking off in his passage limbs of the tree three inches in diameter. The dome of the engine, weighing at least eight hundred lbs., was found twenty-five feet beyond the engineer. The fireman remained at the tender, but was so badly scalded that he survived but a few hours. Capt. Ransom was stand- ing with one foot on the step of the engine, having got on only a few moments before for the purpose of riding down a mile or more to visit his guard. He was thrown on the side of the track, but received no injury. A most surprising' escape ! The following letter was received a few days after its date, and in a short time the boxes came to hand. They contained more than enough for Company "A," and their contents were shared by many others. Canton, December 11th, 1861. To Rev. R. Eddy, • Chaplain of the 60th Regiment N. Y. S. Volunteers : Dear Sir: We send you by railroad, this day, two boxes of clothing, for' the comfort of the soldiers of the 60th Regiment. You will find a list of the articles contained in them iinderneath the cover of each box. Many of the packages are directed par- ticularly to friends. You will, of course, see that they are dis- tributed to the rightful owners. The rest we leave to your own good judgment to distribute as you shall see fit. Our preference is with Company "A,'' as far as they are in need. We hope they will be pleased with the mittens. You will find a small quantity of hospital clothing in the square box. If what we have sent, can add to the comfort of even a feSv of the soldiers, RAILROAD DUTY. 65 we shall feel amply compensated. We think of you all, and pray for your success. In behalf of the Ladies' Volunteer Aid Society, of Canton, Yours, very truly, ELVIRA L. GOODRICH, Secretary. About this time we began to have a great deal of sickness. On the 6th, we had 30 sick, and on the 22d, the number had increased to 160 ; at least two-thirds of the number were measle cases. Two brick dwellings, near the camp, were I rented for hospital purposes, which, as also our large hospital tents, were soon filled up. Several of the kind and liberal ladies of Baltimore found out our condition, and paid us fre- quent visits, bringing delicacies and comforts for our sick. Mrs. S= AV. Kuster, now the matron of the Jarvis Hospital, in Baltimore, was one of the number; her interest in our welfare prompting her to constant efforts for our good. Her care did not cease Vv'ith the abatement of the sickness, but was con- stantly manifest in some tender manner during the whole of our stay in the neighborhood of Baltimore. If any of our sick were sent to the general hospitals in the city, as it became necessary many should be, her cheerful face was soon seen among them, and her heart and hands ministered to their wants. She became especially attached to the members of the Band, and her house was theii^home, where she taught them to call her Mother, and they cheerfully and gladly obeyed ! After the regiment went into more dangerous ser- vice her solicitude followed it, and when any of our sick were within her reach she spared no pains to find them out, and, if possible, alleviate their condition. That one is a member of the Sixtieth New Vork, will always make them welcome under her roof, and insure tiic kindest care if they are in sickness or trouble. All honor to her as a true and noble woman ! On the 1-7 th, Aaron Geer, of Company " D," died at Regi- mental Hospital, of typhoid fever. On the 18th, James 6'^ 66 RAILROAD DUTY. Kavanagh, of tlie same Company, died in tlie hospital tent, of congestion of the brain and lungs, following measles. Both were buried at Loudon Park Cemetery, near Baltimore. On the 10th, Samuel P. Melvii*^ of Company "E,'' died of con- gestion, following measles ; and on the 20th, Mortimore Ste- vens, of Company " F," died from" the same cause; both at Kegimental Hospital. On the 22d, Hugh Adrian, of Com- pany " F," died at National Hotel Hospital, in Baltimore, of typhoid fever. The remains of these last three were sent to their respective homes for burial. On the 31st, Holley E. Meacham, of Company " K," died at Regimental Hospital, of bronchitis. He was buried at Loudon Park Cemetery. Young Meacham had been in the hospital tent several days before his condition was considered critical; and after his removal to the building, it was thought that even if he did not recover, he would linger along several weeks. Great was the surprise of the attendants, therefore, to notice, on the second morning after his removal, that he was evidently dying. He was conscious of the change that was coming, and desired that I should be sent for ; but as I had gone up the line to distribute mail, and could not be reached in season, one of the nurses performed such religious services as were desired, greatly to the comfort of the dying man, who breathed his last just as I entered the room. I mailed this month, for the five companies at headquarters, 4917 letters. As December closed with a death, so January and the new year dawned upon us with another. Lewis Duprey, of Com- pany " A," had been down with the measles a day or two only, and was supposed, at 10 o'clock on the night of December 31st, to be doing remarkably well. Some two hours after, one of the sick in the room with him noticed a peculiarity in his breathing, and, on attempting\o rouse him, found that congestion had so far set in, that he was already beyond medical aid. He died 'before the first hour of the new year RAILROAD DUTY. 67 had closed. lie was buried at Loudon Park Cemetery, as also was Meacham. On the 1st, Col. Ilayward wrote and forwarded a letter, of which he gave me the following copy: Headquarters GOth Eegt, N. Y. S. Vols., Camp Uathbone, near Baltimore, January 1st, 1862. Colonel JOHX C. ROBINSOX, Comd'g Railway Brigade, Annapolis Junction. Sir : Considerations of a private nature influence me to ten- der through you, to His Excellency E. D. Morgan, Governor of the State of New York; to Major-General George B. McClellau, Commanding Army of the Potomac ; or to the Adjutant-General U. S. Army, m}^ resignation of the commission of Colonel of the Sixtieth Regiment New York State Volunteers. From the date of the commission until the present mon^^nt, I have the innate consciousness of having faithfully obeyed every superior order, and of having conformed, in spirit and letter, to Revised Army Regulations, and to the Articles of War. The love of country beats as warmly in my heart now as when young Second Lieutenant in the U. S. Army, and as when, having declined the Colonelcy of another Regiment from con- scientious motives, I sacrificed private and pecuniary considera- tions to accept this position. Need I therefore say that when my services are demanded by my country in any exigency, I shall be ready to make any sacri- fice for that sake. I have the honor to be, with much respect, Your most obedient servant, ^y. B. IIAYWARP, Colonel GOth Regiment N. Y. S. Vols. On the same day I made the following report: 68 RAILROAD DUTY. Headquarters 60th Regt. N. Y. S. V. Camp Rathbone, near Baltimore, Md. January 1st., 18G2. To Col. Viii. B. IIayt^-ard, Commanding 60th Regiment New York State Volunteers. My Dear Sir : It is set forth in the Act of Congress of July 22d, 18G.1, that the Regimental Chaplain shall be required to report to the colonel commanding the regiment to which he is attached, at the end of each quarter, the moral and religious con- dition of the regiment, and such suggestions as may conduce to the social happiness and moral improvement of the troops. Having a desire to comply with this requirement, I offer you the following brief statements and considerations: 1st. I cannot speak from actual knowledge of even the appa- rent moral and religious condition of any considerable number of the regiment. Our guard duty has so isolated the companies from each other, and placed them at such various distances from headquarters, as to render it wholly impossible for me to inti- mately know the condition of many. 2d. For the same reason as at first given it has been deemed impracticable to attempt even to devise any general plan of social intercourse, or of moral and religious culture. We have been wanting also in the convenience of room for the trial of ^ny ex- periment based on associated action, such as Conference or Prayer Meetings, Singing School or other social gatherings. 3d. Notwithstanding the difficulties in the way — and some of them wholly beyond our control — I have some data from which . to deduce one or two quite apparent facts, the mention of which may in some degree discharge the legal duty incumbent upon me. At one time since our entering this campaign, the sin of profanity was evidently on the increase, so much that I had de- . termined on calling j^our attention to the necessity of enforcing ; the. penalties laid down in the Articles of AVar against this most inexcusable crime. But I am happy to say that there is good reason to believe that a change for the better has been attempted within a few days. Good advice, and friendly persuasion have availed with some, a change in the example of superiors has in- tiuenced others, while not a few, it is to be hoped, from reasons of love to God, and a desire to do His will by putting to nobla u?;es the manhood He lias given them, have been induced to at" RAILROAD DUTY. 69 empt to redeem themselves from this sinful habit. Appearancea ndicate that the attempt is iu a good measure successful. I rust that it will be continued. While, therefore, I have in novray changed my opinion of the ustice or propriety of the manner in which this sin is treated )y the Articles of War, I have not felt that it was my duty to nake a formal request or suggestion for the strict enforcement f the articles. Profanity is a habit more difficult to breakaway |i*om than any other to the workings of which I have given any at- ention. Between thinking and acting there is often greater op- (ortunity for the sober second thought, than there is between hinking and speaking. Hence it is more difficult to overcome he habit of evil speech than to overcome the habit of evil ac- ion. Hence, too, the greater demand for patience and forbear- nce with those who sometimes stumble and fall, however honest heir effi^rts to put a guard over their lips. 4th. There is no inconsiderable amount of religious thought ,nd feeling among the men under your command, and I have et to be informed of the first attempt to ridicule religious doc- rincs, or make light of, or place barriers in the way of any religi- us exercises. The attendance on Divine Service on the Sabbath, S, all things considered, as large as could be expected. The de- ortment and attention is praiseworthy and commendable. In conclusion, I have no special suggestion to offer. If, on ur going into barracks, an opening for social, moral or religious mprovement by means of meetings or other associated effort, hall seem to offer, I am confident from your often manifest sym- pathy and co-operation that I may at the time expect you to ap- )rove whatever may commend itself as being wise and desirable. ; I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant, RICHARD EDDY, Chaplain 60th N. Y. S. V. A singular epidemic, or monomania, prevailed in the Roui- nent during this and the preceding month, with occasional nanifestations thereafter. It always happened while the nen were on guard, and consisted in the soldiers carrying hei,r rifles in such a way as to ^loot off their own thumbs 70 • RAILROAD DUTY. and fingers. Six or eight of tlie men were affected by it. It would, of course, be unfair to say tliat the occurrences were not purely accidental ; but it may remotely insinuate some- thingc to remark that, after it was ascertained that the loss of fingers in that way would not entitle one to an honorable discharge from the army, the practice fell into disuse. On the 3d, we got the first snow of the season. It re- maine(f on the ground but a few hours, and was followed by such a profusion of rain, frost and thaw, as made the mud knee-deep at Camp Rathbone during the rest of our stay there. It was a very disagreeable place ; but the erection of barracks having been commenced on the 1st, we patiently waited their completion. Patience was severely tried, for the elements contended against the workmen; and when one of the build-^ ings was all raised, and partly completed, the winds attacked it one night, and upset everything. The boys got together in the morning, and exclaiming, among other things, as they stood there in the storm, '^ Oh ! what a fall is there, my countrymen !" followed the example of Robert Bruce's spider, and tried it again ! I find, by reference to my diar}^, that I ascertained on my visit to the sick, on Sunday, the 5th, that there were no new cases of measles, and that the sick were all improving. Hap- pily this continued to be true. On the night of the 8th, Edwin H. Porter, of Company ^^ H/^ came to his death in a shocking manner. He was on duty between Bailey's Crossing and Camden Station, when, getting careless, he sat down on the track and fell asleep. A freight train coming-in, he was not discovei;ed by the engineer in season to stop the train till the engine and five cars had passed over him. His body was horribly cut and mangled. A coroner's inquest was held, and a verdict of ^^ accidental death'' rendered, which exonerated the employees of the road from all blame. We buried him at Loudon Park Cemetery. Our religious service oft Sunday, the 12th, was preceded RAILROAD DUTY. 71 by a dress parade, at whicli the follo^ving was read by Adju- tant Gale, by order of Lieutenant-Colonel Goodrich : Headquarters Army of the Potomac, Washington, January 8th, 18B2. Special Orders. No. 8. * ^ * ¥r -^ . ^ 2. The following named ofncers having tendered their resigna- tions, are honorably discharged from the military service»of the United States. ^ 4^ * * * * Colonel Wm. B. Ilayward, GOth New York Yulunteers. By command of Major-General McClellan. S. WILLIAMS, Assistant Adjutant-General. Official. E. D. JCDD, Act. Asst. Adj't-General, The Colonel was not present at the time this order was re- ceived, nor when it was read. He came on the ground shortly after, and was very indignant, justly so, I think, that it had been promulgated in his absence, as it cut him off from all opportunity to enter upon the regimental records such remarks, in an additional Order, as would have been gratifying to him, in explaining his position, and have enabled him to take a formal leave of the command. As he was a civilian from the moment of the promulgation of the Order, he had no special rights in the camp ; so, silently packing up his things, he left us on Monday, unnecessarily humiliated and mortified. On the evening of the 14th, the officers held a meeting and expressed a unanimous desire for the promotion of Lieutenant- Colonel Goodrich to the Golonclc}". A petition to this effect, signed by all holding commissions, was forwarded to Governor Morgan the next day. On the 21st, Paymaster A. Y. Elliott brought us our pay for the months of November and December. Of tlic sum paid, the following amounts were sent home : By the Field 72 RAILROAD DUTY and Staff Officers, ^1,449; members of tlie Band, $651.60 j Company '^ A/^ $1,763; Company '^ B,'' $1,200; Company, "C," $1,000; Company "D," $1,777; Company ''E," $1,579;; Company " F," $1,000 ; Company " Q," $1,434.30 ; Company. "H," $1,435; Company '-I/' $1,587.25; Company '^K/'^ $1,630. Total, sixteen thousand five hundred and six dollars ; and fifteen* cents. As we now take leave of Colonel AY. B. Ilayward, I wishi to record, in justice to him, that after I reported to the regi- ment for duty, he invariably treated me with great courtesy and kindness. Aiding me in every way in his power by. effectively seconding all my plans, he was so jealous of my. rights that, though disagreeing with me in sentiment, and, of: course, at perfect liberty to go where he pleased on Sunday, he almost uniformly attended religious service at camp ; and receiving, as he did from time to time, large quantities of religious reading for the use of the men, he placed it all ati my disposal, and was solicitous that I should, after examina- tion, throw aside such as, in my opinion, would be unprofita- ble. With his approbation, I rejected everything aimed against Roman Catholics, and against my own or any other i Protestant denomination. Of his sincerity, I entertain no doubt, and have as little disposition to believe that he tried to do more or less than what he thought was his duty in what- ever he attempted for the regiment. m LIFE IN BARRACKS, 73 IV. LIFE IN BARRACKS. On the 22d of January, the barracks were sufficiently near completion to justify our moving in, especially as we were very uncomfortable in tents. The new quarters had been erected near the first location of GampRathbone. The build- ings occupied three sides of. a square. The base, or officers' quarters, was 210 by 24 feet. The wings, or men's quarters, were each 180 by 24 feet. At a short distance before coming to the camp was a building 80 by 24 feet, intended for a hos- pital, but never used for that purpose, but chiefly by the band, as a practising room; the two brick buildings, previously mentioned, being occupied by the sick during our stay in that locality. The entrance to the camp was from the east, and . between the south end of the eastern building and a small house 12 by 24 feet, erected for a guard-house, and generally pretty well filled. The buildings on the east and west sides \ of the square accommodated two companies each — the first ji being occupied by Companies "A" and "K;" the second by ' Companies "B"and "G." These houses were well arranged with reference to convenience and comfort; built indeed of rough boards, but so lapped in clap-board style as to keep out the cold, and sufficiently lighted to make them cheerful. Each : company had four rooms — one for a general living room, the bunks being built up at its sides — one for the orderly and the other sergeants, one for company commissary stores, and one for a kitchen. jj ^ The officer's building, formed the north r>ide of the square, 74 LIFE IN BARRACKS. the rooms in it being appropriated thus : The centre to the Colonel ; on the left of the centre — first, the Adjutant's Ofiice j second, the Major's quarters ; third, intended for Surgeon, but used as a work-room; fourth and fifth rooms for Captain and Lieutenants of Companies "A" and " K " On the right of the centre — first, the Adjutant's quarters; second, the Lien- tenant-Colonel's ; third, the Chaplain's; fourth and fiftli rooms for Captains and Lieutenants of Companies ''G" and ''B;" and sixth room for the band. The Sutler's shop was on the south end of the west building. The south side of the square was open, and the space running back to the Officers' quar- ters was used for a parade. Dress parade was had at four o'clock every afternoon, except Sunday, when it "was held at eleven in the morning, and followed by the religious services of the day. In honor of the Senator' from New York, who had mani- fested so much interest in us, we named this place ^' Camp Preston King.'^ In addition to these buildings, one 20 by 60 feet was erected at the railroad crossing for quartermasters' and commissary stores, containing also an office, kitchen and sleeping-room for those employed there. Company " I,'' stationed at Locust Point, found comfortable winter quarters in a portion of the St. Charles Hotel, then otherwise unoccupied. Company " J) " at Mount Clare, fitted up one of the engine-houses belonging to the railroad. Com- pany " H," at Camden Station, had a portion of their number in the upper story of a building mainly occupied by the Union Relief Association, and a portion in a brick dwelling at Bailey's Crossing. Company '^E'^ erected comfortable bar- racks near headquarters, 80 by 24 feet, for "the men, and 12 by 40 feet for the officers, and called the place " Camp Robin- son," for our Brigadier. Company "C" built near the Four- Mile Station, and named their place " Camp Loane," for Kev. Mr. LoanC; a Methodist clergyman of Baltimore ; an intimate LIFE IN BARRACKS. 75 friend of Capt. Eedington and Lieut. HoLart. Company " F" put up buildings about a mile east of tbo H.elay, ant^-alled the .place '' Camp Elliott," for their Captain. " Thus all the Companies were well cared for ', and yet they complained, not content with tlieir lot, and thinking they had been wronged by being placed on the railroad. If they could only get into the fighting field, they should be abundantly satisfied ; at least that was the way nearly all of them talked. Although friends at home were satisfied that we w^ere doing good service for the Grovernment, and w^e ourselves knew that some one must do what was nov^ required of us, a few un- eas}' spirits succeeded in producing the general feeling that we were on inferior duty, and that for some reason the authori- ties atAVashington did not think us fit for anything else. On the 23d, John F. Forward of Company " K," was on guard near Jackson's Bridge. Seeing a train approach on the track where he w^as walking, he stepped off to avoid danger, and had hardly crossed the next track when he was hit by a train from the opposite direction, which he had not noticed, and was thrown a dozen feet or more, breaking his leg, and inflicting several flesh wounds on his face and head. It was wonderful that lie escaped with so little damage. Several in the regiment had an interest in the promotion of Lieutenant-Colonel Goodrich, additional to that of the general good, as they too would be in the line of promotion to fill vacancies j they were therefore looking •\iith great anxiety for an early answer to their petition, and were grioy- ously disappointed, as we all were much surprised, by the arrival, on the 27th, of Colonel George Sears Greene, who produced a commission from Governor Morgan, authorizing and instructing him to be our commander. He was a man of military education, a graduate of West Point, but of late years a civil engineer, and at the breaking out of the war engaged in the engineer's department of the Croton Water Works, at New York city. My first impression of him, as I 76 LIFE IN BARRACKS. at the time recorded it, was most favorable, and subsequent obsewation and intercourse has increased my admiration of his qualities as a man, and as a soldier.* Colonel Greene was greatly pleased with the appearance of our men, apprehending at once that the regiment was com- posed of most excellent material, and that, under favorable circumstances for discipline and drill, it would be equal to any in the service. He set himself at once to a thorough understanding of the condition of each company, and to the furnishing of all with what was most necessary for their effi- ciency. By his order, th^ arms were subjected to a severe test, and Lieutenant B. R. Clark, a practical gunsmith, was charged with their thorough inspection. Until this time, the bayonets' had not been fitted to the rifles ; now the gun was either made complete in every respect, or wholly condemned. But little could be done in the way of drill, especially regi- * Since writing the above, I find the following in The New American Cyclopedia: "Greene, George Sears, Brigadier- General of Volunteers in the U. S. Array, born in Warwick, R. I., May 6, 1801. He was graduated at West Point in 1823, and assigned to the 3d Artillery ;. was Acting Assistant Professor of • Mathematics in the Military Academy, from 1823 to 1826, and Assistant Professor of Engineering in 1826-7 ; became 1st Lieu- tenant in 1829, and resigned his commission in 1836. He then became a civil engineer, and was engaged on railroads and other works in various parts of the country, and on the High Bridge and new Croton Reservoir, in New York, until 1862, when he was appointed (Jan. 18) Colonel of the 60th N, Y. Vols. He was commissioned Brigadier-General of Volunteers, April 28, 1862, and assigned a command in General Augur's Division of Banks' Army Corps, On General Augur's promotion, he took command of the Division, and fought with great gallantry under General Mansfield, at the battle of Antietam." This, I believe, is correct, except that General Greene took General Augur's place, not on account of the promotion of the latter, but because he was disabled by a wound received at the battle of Cedar* Mountain. I LIFE IN BARRACKS. 77 mental drill, while the comman(i was so widely scattered. Colonel Greene was therefore untiring in his efforts to get the regiment together, and had once or twice nearly attained his object, when some unexpected contingent compelled our re- maining as we were. The failure of one or two efforts, how- ever, did not discourage him, nor cause him to relax his efforts, but during the whole of his stay with us, he was un- tiring in his exertions* to secure the object; as, in his judg- ment, it was of the first importance in promoting our general efficiency. On the 28th, Osro C. Dunton, of Company '^ K," died at the Regimental Hospital, of typhoid fever. He was buried the next day, at Loudon Park Cemetery. The same day I received a box of Testaments from the American Bible Society. They were a beautiful edition, and a very acceptable gift, and I endeavored to distribute them in such a manner, both to the officers and men, as to furnish every man, who desired, with a copy. Nearly all wanted one, except a few Roman Catholics, who preferred the Douay ver- sion. I made an effort for their gratification, but, at that time, did not succeed. About this time we began to receive more packages and boxes of good things from home. How acceptable they were, and what exciting times we had in unpacking, distributing, and devouring them ! Under-clothing and beddingwerealso sent, and great quantities of mittens, which the girls, who sent them, assured us were the only kind the brave boys should ever get fi'om them ! At least that was the way the Madrid girls ex- pressed it to Co. '' G-," as seen by this : Trout Brook, Dec. 29, 1861. TO OUR COUNTRY'S PROTECTORS. If your hands are as, warm, When they're encased in these, As our hearts, when we knit them. Your fins-crs M'on't freeze. 78 LIFE IN BARRACKS, For our hearts ^low with love For Uncle Sam and his boys, And what we add to their comfort But adds to our joys. We'll pick up all the mittens That there are about here, And send- them out there, So you never need fear ,^ That you'll suffer for mittens While down there you stay, Or get any from us When you come back this way ! ALL THE GIRLS UP THIS WAY. The following letter accompanied the articles mentioned in it, and was read on Parade. The writer is an aged lady, very M much esteemed. St. Lawrence Co., N. Y., Canton, Dec. 3d, 1861. Sir : I send you a few necessaries for the sick and wounded soldiers from my own hand : 2 bed-quilts, 2 pillows, 2 bed-gowns, 4 pair of mittens, 9 cushions, for wounded limbs. Dear Sir : Will you please accept the small donation from your unworthy friend, whose heart is ever open to the calls of humanity, and the calls of our country. I wish I could do more, but I can only give you my blessing, and say a few words to en- courage the brave lads who have volunteered in defence of our country. I would say to them, be of good cheer ; you are en- listed in a glorious cause, and the God of battles will fight for you. When you see the great .Cotton Philistines approach, be not disheartened ; put on courage like a garment ; let it enwrap you like a mantle, for surely God will aim the blow, from the sling of our " little David's" shepherd boys, to lay proud tyrants in the dust, and put their hosts to flight. Methinks I already see the Ark of the Covenant of God moving doAvn among the tents of our Israel, before whom no power can stand ! And you also have the prayers of thousands of our matrons, yes, ten thousands of saints and preachers, continually before the Throne of Grace, pleading that you may have a speedy and glorious victory with LIFE IN BARRACKS. 79 out bloodshed, and that you may return home crowned with laurels of honor. The victory is for you, the young and rising generation, who may live to enjoy its blessings, and sit under the shade of the palm tree of Freedom. Ye heralds, proclaim the joyful news ; the year of Jubilee is kt hand, when the chains of bondage shall be broken, and tlie captives set free, and glorious Liberty proclaimed throughout the entire land ! when our noble banner shall again float every- where ! I feel greatly interested in the cause of oijr country. I would that I had a thousand arms, and all as strong as Samson ; they should be put forth in defence of my country. Yours, with respect, Mrs. CLARISSA EMERSON. * On the last day of January I recorded that our five com- panies at and near headquarters, had mailed, during the month, 4,305 letters. February 1st. I received from the office of the " Christian Ambassador,'' at Auburn, N. Y., a package of books, fifteen in number, of a most excellent character. During the remainder of our stay on the railroad they were very extensively circulated and read, and, I believe, produced good results. When we left the road, as it was impossible to take them with us, I brought them to Baltimore, where they now remain, forming a portion of the library at McKim's Hospital. About the same time, through the kindness of a friend in Boston, John W. Dean, Esq., a package of Hymn books and Tracts was received from the Unitarian Association.- The tracts were written expressly for soldiers, were eagerly sought after, and read, I think, with some profit. The hymn books were not so generally used as I desired, but the few who en- deavored to use them in the Sunday service, thereby added to the interest of the occasion. We had many good singers in the regiment, but scattered as the companies were, it was dif- ficult to get enough together who felt competent to lead. I have a happy recollection, however, of the interest taken in 80 LIFE IN BARRACKS. I the matter by the members of Co. " D/' and of the pleasani meetiDgs held at their quarters in the carpenter's shop a:, Mount Clare, and subsequently in the engine house near tha locality. I am sure that the surviving members of that com pany have not forgotten those days ! Early in the morning of the 6th, we had a very sudder death at Camp Preston King. Edmond Mason, of Compan3 ^' K," went to bed as well as usual the night before ; but abou midnight woke up the companion in his bunk by his irregulai and labored breathing. The Surgeon came over, but nothins could help him, and in a short time he died from congestioE of the lungs. Late in the afternoon of the same day his bodj was buried at Loudon Park Cemetery. On the afternoon of Saturday, the 8th, a social gathering was had at Camp Loane. The ladies connected with the UnioD Relief Association had been very kind to Company " C,^^ and as they had notified the company of their intended visit at this time, they were received with an entertainment gotten up by the company's chief caterer ; and sumptuous, as will be seen by the following FARE BILL. Cooked Constantinople. Henry in a Shyear. Heated Bovine. Pates Saccharina. Pat^s Own, Ovenized. Steamigated Murphies. i riip-Flaps and Sugar-House. , Crochenawls. Puffulated Hats. Atomatized Bakes. Pomatized Plats. Conglomerated Spherics. Verdant China. Colored Housing. Fricasseed Rio. LIFE. IN BARRACKS. 81 Lieutenant-Colonel Goodrich, Surgeon Gale, J. D. Mason, I Esq., of Baltimore, myself, and our wives, were invited guests, ^as was also the band, who enlivened the occasion by playing , their best pieces. It was a very pleasant gathering. Ample [justice was done to the good things on the table, of which '! there was an abundance; and justice was also d^ne to the [I" Fare Bill" — i.e., the things named on it were frequently ((called for! The festivities closed with a grand '^skirmish ''^drill" by the Company. I remember that Lieutenant-Colonel Goodrich thought it a '^ great squirmish." On the 17th, David P. Whitman, of Company " I,^' died of typhoid fever, at the Adams' House Hospital, in the city of Baltimore. His remains were sent home for burial. The 22d was a holiday for all who were not on duty. Nearly all the officers, and most of the men, went to Bal- timore to celebrate the day there, the loyal citizens having jlmade extensive arrangements for its patriotic observance. iThe Washington Monument, 160 feet high, and surmounted by a colossal statue of Washington 15 feet high, was wreathed (with most beautiful flowers, and a mammoth national flag was '' displayed from the top. The hall of the Maryland Institute, ' 260 feet loiig, and 60 feet wide, was grandly decorated with flags, and at noon was filled with citizens who assembled to i listen to the reading of Washington's Farewell Address. The " Star Spangled Banner ^^ waved from all the public buildings, from innumerable dwellings, and from many places of busi- ness. In the evening, houses were illuminated, guns fired, bonfires kindled, and fire-works displayed throughout the city. The bands of the several regiments in and about the city visited the hospitals, and played patriotic and enlivening airs, much to the gratification of the patients. Our band played at the National Hotel Hospital, at the Union Relief Rooms, and at several other places during the day and evening. Regimental drill, which had been suspended several weeks, on account of the superabundance of mud in the vicinity of 82 LIFE IN BARRACKS. our camp, was resumed about this time, and tlie site of the first Camp Rathbone was the drill ground. Occasionally we had spectators from the city. The spot where our barracks stood had been covered with stunted oaks and other brushwood, the tops of which were cleared o^ at the time the buildings were erected, but the stumps and roots left in the ground were very much in the way, especially on the parade. Colonel Greene provided the prisoners in the guard-house with picks, wheelbarrows and shovels, and set them to clearing up. The men did not much over-exert themselves to finish their job, but after a while it was completed, and we had a smooth and comfortable ground. The prisoners desiring to do everything according to military art, made a complete organization among them- selves, calling it Company " Q,^' being at that time sufficiently numerous to elect all the necessary officers, from the colonel down to a corporal. The greatest scamps were selected for the highest offices, which they affirmed was invariably the rule in the regiment^ although it was generally denied there, but they, as honest men, were bound to have agreement be- tween their professions and their practice ! Among their number, was one fellow from Company " E.,'^ who, on account of his frequent arrests for abusing his pass by overstaying his time and getting drunk, was constantly in the line of promo- tion. He was something of a wit, and caused no little merri- ment among us all. On one occasion, while talking with the men, and inquiring into the cause of their arrest, I came to him and was answered : " I am here because I was devoted to my religion." " Some mistake about that, I guess. Nobody in the regi- ment is punished on account of their religion.'^ " No mistake about it. I am persecuted for devotion to my religion." " How so ?" ^' Why, you see, I got a pass on Sunday, to be gone from LIFE IN BARRACKS. 83 o*clock till 8 ; but at 8 services wa'nt over, and I was in- erested and couldn't get away ; and when my church was out, thought 'twas too late to come back, and so waited till Mon- .ay noon. So they arrested me for devotion to my church I" " You ought to have come back Sunday night ; you would lave been excused if you were late on account o^" being at hurch. You know what the Eegulations require ?'' " The Regulations ! 0, but the3^'re awful hard on a fellow ! Vhy, the Bible don't have but Ten Commandments, and the flegulations have five hundred or more ! How can they cx- •ect a fellow like me to know the Regulations I" I had to join in the laugh that followed; and heard him emark, as I went away : " I reckon I got well clear of a lec- ure that time V I On the 26th, Company " Q" met with an irreparable loss, [three of its most brilliant members, Nicholas Hoffman, Wm. Morehead and Washington Liskum, had been honored with a 'rial by Court-Martial, and being found guilty of several mis- lomcanors and villanies, w'ere sentenced to be dishonorably lischarged from the service, drummed out of camp, and put hard labor on the public works. The execution of the entence on the morning mentioned, somewhat dampened the '■nthusiasm of the remaining prisoners; and although they Ve(|uently joked about the promotion, as they called it, I be- ieve they never took heart to go into another election. The companies at headquarters and Company "E'' mailed, n February, 4,369 letters. With the coming in of the month of March, we got rumors .hat we were to be relieved from railroad duty. General Dix, |:hen in command at Baltimore, had been ordered to send four I'egiments from his Department to Fortress Monroe; and it ;vas said that we were named in the movement. We thought Jie report well founded, and were very jubilant at the pros- pect of a change, especially as it would bring us all together *gain. We indulged in very pleasant fiincics for a few days, 84 LIFE IN BARRACKS. and on tlie 7tli of the month we got orders to move ; but, ,| alas ! for our expectations ! Our move was in a different t direction from what we had expected, and the orders made it t pretty certain that we would not soon be relieved from the railroad ! On the 8th, the orders were obeyed ; and all the companies at headquarters were moved up towards Annapolis ■ Junction, eighteen miles from Baltimore. Companies "I," *' H" and " W remained where they were, in the city. Com- , pany "E" was in the barracks, at Camp Robinson, and the remaining six companies were scattered along the road ; Com- pany " Gr" being the last, and having its quarters at Annapolis Junction. The Field and Staff Officers, the Band, and a guard from Company " E," remained at Camp Preston King. The same morning that this move was made, 1st Lieutenant Henry C. Eastman died. When the barracks were built, he had charge of their erection, and from exposure and overwork then, brought on typhoid fever. A few days after his sick- ness commenced, he was taken to the residence of Mrs. JYalte- myer, on the Washington Turnpike, where he remained till he died, receiving unwearied kindness, and every possible attention. From the first, delirium was one of the prominent symptoms of his disease, making it impossible for him totii understand his condition, or to arrange his business. On the i\ 9th, funeral service was held at Mrs. Waltemyer's, and the body taken to the city and put in charge of the Express Com- pany, who forwarded it to St. Lawrence County. Lieutenant Eastman was a most excellent man ; quiet and : unobtrusive, but always prompt in duty, and true to every ;ij trust and obligation. He entered the army purely from a con- 4) viction that he was needed, and was untiring in his efforts to do his whole duty. In moral worth he ranked high, and though a man of few words, his life was a constant example of rectitude. Peace to his ashes ! Second Lieutenant A. B. Shipman was promoted to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of Lieut. Eastman^ and i LIFE IN BARRACKS. 85 K Orderly-Sergeant Edward Rich became Second Lieutenant, ; the commissions of both giving them rank from March 8th. I The move from Camp Preston King was occasioned by the j removal of the 1st Michigan Regiment from Annapolis Junc- « tion to Virginia. Colonel Dixon S. Miles succeeded Colonel * Robinson in command of the Brigade. He took from us Lieutenant H. C. Reynolds to act as his Assistant Adjutant- (leneral, who continued to serve in that capacity till the death of Colonel Miles, the following September. Colonel Greene immediately set to work to get as much of the regiment together as possible. Colonel Miles soon gave permission for the removal of Companies " D," " W and " V to Camp Preston King, and they came up about the 20th. In those days we had, in common with the whole country, I suppose, a great deal of talk about the iron-clad Merrimac, #hqse recent exploits had, like the attack on Fort Sumter, kindled afresh all slumbering patriotism, and as everybody was fruitful in schemes for the destruction of the monster, so we felt in duty bound to contribute our share of practicable plans for its seizure. I do not, of course, remember all that was proposed, but Captain Jones had a project, the originality and boldness of which will insure it a place in my memory till the days of second childhood make me forgetful of all the novel- ties of life. " Give me," said Captain Jones, " sixteen men, picked men, mind you, from my company, and on a dark night ke will take a boat, row softly up to the Merrimac, enter the J)ort-holes, blind the guard and crew by throwi»g Cayenne pep- per in their eyes, and then bring the ship under the guns of Fortress Monroe I" Nobody was sufficiently devoted to the interests of the Government to communicate this plan to the Secretary of the Navy, and — the Merrimac Was lost to us ! While the regiment was on its way to New York from Albany, Company " A" held an election to fill the vacancy caused by the promotion of Captain Montgomery. Michael H. Crowley was elected Second Lieutenant, but as the pro- 8 86 I^lFE IN BARRACKS. ceedings were illegal, the office being one of appointment, and I not of election, after the organization had been effected, he 3 did not receive any commission. He had, indeed, discharged I the duties of the office since his election, and by an error of Colonel Hayward in returning him as Second Lieutenant on i the muster-roll, had drawn the pay belonging to that office. . Colonel Greene took the ground that -he could not so muster him till he was sure he had a commission, and in order to settle the matter so that he might make a clear statement of the case to the Governor, he ordered Crowley before the Lieut. - Colonel and Major for examination. They reported that he was not q^ualified for the position. Sergeant N. M. Dickinson was then recommended for pro- motion, and on Colonel Greene's asking for his appointment, was commissioned Second Lieutenant, with rank from April 1st. The 10th Maine Regiment, which had returned to its old ground after our leaving Camp Morgan, was now sent up to HaVper's Ferry, and we received orders to move to the Relay with two companies. On the 28th, the Field, and Staff, the Band, the Quartermaster's Department, the Hospital, and Companies " D'^ and ^' H," moved up to the old ground, now named by Colonel Greene, Camp Miles, in honor of our acting , Brigadier. Company " E '' moved over to Camp Preston i King, where we also left Company " I." We found very comfortable barracks at Camp Miles, though not as good as those we left behind. The grounds, however, were much pleasanter, and the landscape was very beautiful. Major Brundage went up to Annapolis Junction, where Com- pany "A" had joined Company "G," and, before long. Com- panies ** C " and " F " were brought in to Camp Miles. Some idea of the condition of the regiment at this time, and of what was thought would tend to its improvement, may be gained from the following report : i LIFE IN BARRACKS. 87 Headquarters 60th Reg't N. Y. S. V., Camp Miles, March Slst, 1862. To Colonel George S. Greene, Commanding 60th Reg't N. Y. S. Volunteers : Sir: It is made my duty, by act of Congress, approved July 22, 1861 — as see " Revised Army Regulations," p. 521 — to report to you '* at the end of each quarter, the moral and religious con- dition of the regiment, and such suggestions as may conduce to the social happiness and moral improvement of the troops." There are difficulties in the way of a complete discharge of this duty. I made mention of them in my last report, to which I beg leave to refer you, as the circumstances of situation therein no- ticed are not materially changed. While I think it safe to say, as gleaned from the testimony of those who have visited several camps, that the moral condition of this regiment will compare favorably with that of any other in the volunteer service, I am not without hope that a very de- cided improvement may be made in our men. Many in this command have been unavoidably subject to Bome of the most alluring and fatal temptations that could be spread before a soldier. Their proximity to a large city — some I of them having been assigned to duty in locations not remarkable for virtuous occupants, nor for the prohibition of immoral com- merces—has been fruitful of much evil. And even in the com- panies which have had the least opportunity for falling into the vices peculiar to the city, some have contracted habits, which it is to be feared, may yet produce the most unfortunate results. Isolated from other companies, and not having that demand on their time which would be made if it was possible to give them a greater variety of drill, they have, for amusement, resorted to card-playing ; by which habit, so great are its fascinations to most men, they are — even if secure by their good moral resolutions from becoming gamblers — accustoming themselves to such a low estimate of the value of time, as will unfit them for usefulness when, at the close of the war, they will again be thrown upon their own resources in civil life. I also have my fears that the sin of profanity is more common in this regiment at the present time than it ever has been before. Whether this would have been less if the regiment had ])een kept 88 LIFE IN BARRACKS. together, we cannot, of course, positively affirm, but this much I have very plainly discovered, that there is the most profanity used by those who have been longest away from headquarters. In view of these facts, I desire to subniit the following sugges- tions : 1st. That the practice of allowing the men to visit the city shall, so far as possible, be discontinued ; or, at least, be put under such restrictions as will exclude those from the privilege who are addicted to habits of inebriety or licentiousness. Some ■ officers may fear that, by too great strictness, they shall make the camp seem too much like a prison. I apprehend, however, that the real danger of the men is not to be found in the severity of a wholesome discipline, but in the laxity and timidity of those who, since they have authority over others, ought to feel the responsibility of using it wisely and with a firm hand. Men are much more likely to be injured by indulgence than they are by , restraint. 2d. I would suggest that, as a help to whatever persuasion or other means may be used in endeavoring to wean the men from card-playing, the attention of the " Council of Adniinistration'' shall be called to the propriety and wisdom of making an appro- priation from the " Post Fund'^ for the purchase of books for the use of the regiment. I am convinced, from an experiment already tried with a few books given for library purposes, that there is a disposition on the part of many to employ their leisure time in a beneficial manner. If the opportunity could be extended, ex- cuse would in a great measure be taken away from those whose apology for a foolish thing is that " they have nothing else to do." Finally, I would suggest that, since profanity is such an inex- cusable and yet such a heinous sin, that those who use it shall be subjected to the penalty prescribed in the Articles of War, or to such other and, if needs be, such additional penalty as will restrain them ; and that company commandants be instructed to exert themselves for the suppression of the evil. We are not in a situation to attempt any associated efibrt for any purpose. "It is therefore greatly incumbent on us to feel the responsibility of individual influence, and the importance of personal example. Whether exertions for the reformation of the i LirE IN BARRACKS. 89 vicious shall succeed or not, it is clearly in the povrer of those who have authority, to restrain. I therefore recommend, if the above suggestions seem of any worth, that you inaugurate such measures as shall tend to make them efficient. Nothing is more obvious than that the war in which we are engaged is for the purpose, on our part, of conserving some of the highest and dearest interests of man ; and it ought to be felt by all who have any part in the struggle, that the preservation of such interests, and their subsequent enjoyment will be best and only well secured by those who discipline themselves, and seek to incite others to the highest perfection possible to man. Very respectfully. Your obedient servant, RICHARD EDDY, Chaplain 60th Reg't N. Y. S. V. We had liardly got settled in our new quarters, when it became known to us that an order had been issued for us to report to Washington, but that through the interference of Col. Miles it had been countermanded. We felt yery unplea- sant about it/but could not do anything else. I find by my memorandum that I mailed 3063 letters in the month of March. Early in April the President, in view of recent victories, issued a proclamation calling on the people to give thanks to Almighty God for the success which had attended our arms ; and the Secretary of War made an order that the troops should, at meridian, on the Sunday following their receipt of the order, comply with the request in the Proclamation. Col. Greene issued a Regimental Order, on being notified of the above, and on Sunday, the loth, we assembled at noon, on the Parade, and ofi'ered our thanksgivings. A discourse followed on True Manliness, the Demand on the American Soldier, from 2d Samuel x. 12 : " Be of good courage, and let us play the men for our people, and for the cities of our God, and the Lord do that which seemeth him good." .8* 90 LIFE IN BARRACKS. A Court Martial was held on the 11th for the trial of some of the surviving members of Co. <' Q ;" and subsequently the following order gave us the results : Headquarters, Middle Department, Baltimore, Md., June 1, 1862. General Orders, No. 15. I. Before a General Court Martial, of which Lieut. Colonel William B. Goodrich, 60th New York Volunteers, is President, convened at Camp Miles, Maryland, April, 1862, under Special Orders, No. 97, issued from these Headquarters, April 9, 1862, were arraigned and tried the five following persons, viz : 1st. Sylvanus J. Titus, Drummer, Company " D,'' 60th New York Volunteers, on the following charge and specification, viz. : " Conduct prejudicial to good order and Military discipline." Specification. — " In this, that he, the said Sylvanus J. Titus, Drummer of Company " D," 60th New York Volun- teers aforesaid, did, on or about the 14th day of March, 1862, at Mount Clare Station, Baltimore, Md., lift and attempt to carry ofi", and appropriate to his own use, a sack of oats ; said sack of oats supposed to have been taken from a car standing near, but by means unknown." Plea — Of the Specification, "Not Guilty." Of the Charge, " Not Guilty." The Court having considered the evidence, finds the accused as follows, viz : Of the Specification, " Not Guilty." Of the Charge, " Not Guilty." And therefore acquits him. 2d. Private Aaron Fiske, Company I, 60th Regiment New York Volunteers, on the following charge and specification, viz : ** Offering violence to his Superior Officer. ^^ Specification — "In this, that he, the said private Aaron Fiske, Company " I," 60th Regiment New York Volunteers, on or about the 1st day of March, 1862, did strike at his Captain, Jesse H. Jones, with a bottle, aiming the LIFE IN BARRACKS. 91 blow at his head. All this at Locust Point, Baltimore, Md.'' Plea — Of the Speciftcation, " Not Guilty." Of the Charge, " Not Guilty.'' The Court in consideration of the evidence finds the accused as follows, viz. : Of the Specification, " Not Guilty.'' . Of the Charge, " Not Guilty." And therefore acquits him. 3d. Private George Sayers, Company " F," 60th Regiment New York Volunteers, on the following charge and specifications : CHARGE. " Conduct prejudicial to good order and Military/ discipline. Specification Ist. — " In this, that the said Private George Sayers, of the said Company "F," while doing guard duty at No. 3 Post, of Captain Thomas Elliott's guard, on the Baltimore and Ohio R^jilroad, on or about the 11th day of March, 18G2, stole a barrel of flour from ofi" one of the freight trains, and secreted it on his post. This ^ on the line of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, about "' nine miles from Baltimore, Md." Specification 2d. — "In this, that the said George Sayers, Com- pany " F," 60th Regiment New York Volunteers, in the service of the United States, when on duty as sen- tinel, charged with the protection of property on said road, did, on or about the 11th day of March, 1862, con- ^ ceal a barrel of flour which was lying on his post and attempt to convert it to his own use. This on the line of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, and about nine miles from Baltimore, Md." Specification 3d. — " In this, that the said Private George Sayers, of the said Company *' F," contrary to the orders re- ceived by him from his superior officers, to protect all the railroad employees in the execution of their lawful duties, threatened to shoot Thomas J. English, a switchman on the said railroad, and rob every train, (or words to thatefi'eet,) if he the said Thomas J. English dared report 92 WFE IN BARRACKS. the theft, hereinbefore mentioned, to the authorities, the said switchman being at the time in the execution of his duty in looking after the missing barrel of flour. This on the line of the Baltimore and Ohio Railrca-l. about nine miles from Baltimore, Md., on or about the 11th day of March, 1862." Plea — Of each Specification, " Not Guilty." Of the Charge, '' Not Guilty." Upon the evidence the Court finds the accused as follows, viz. : Of the 1st Specification, " Not Guilty." Of the 2d Specification, " Not Guilty." Of the 3d Specification, " Not Guilty." Of the Charge, "Not Guilty." And therefore acquits him. 4th. Private Charles Santo, Company '.' F," 60th New York Volunteers, on the following charges and specifications, viz. : Charge I. " Getting drunk on his post as sentinel.'^ Specification. — ** In this, that said Charles Santo, Private in Com- pany " r," 60th New York Volunteers, did, on or a1)out the 14th day of April, 1862, while posted as a sentinel on the Baltimore and Ohio Kailroad, at Post No. 14 of the camp ground, at the crossing of the Washington road, get drunk." Charge II. *^ Leaving Ms post while posted as a sentinel, without being regularly relieved." Specification. — " In this, that the said Charles Santo, did, on or about the 14th day of April, 1862, while posted as a sentinel on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, at Post No. 14 of the camp guard, on the Baltimore and Ohio • Railroad, at the crossing of the Washington road at Elkridge Landing, leave his post without being regularly relieved, and go into a store or liquor shop near by, said Santo being a private in Company " F," 60th Re- giment New York Volunteers." LIFE IN BARRACKS. 93 Charge III. '* Conduct prejudicial to good order and Military discipline/* Specification 1st. — " In this, that said Charles Santo, Private in Company " F/^ GOth New York Volunteers, did, on or about the 14th day of April, 18G2, while posted as a sentinel at Post No. 14 of the camp guard, on the Bal- timore and Ohio Railroad, at the crossing of the Wash- ington road at Elkridge Landing, refuse to allow Cor- poral Schuyler, of Company " F," 60th New York Vo- lunteers, to pass, said Schuyler having a legal pass signed by Capt. Elliott, commanding Company " Y," GOth New York Volunteers, and countersigned by com- mandant of Camp." Specification 2d. — " In this, that the said Charles Santo, Private as above stated, did, on or about the 14th day of April, 1862, while on his post as a sentinel as stated in first specification, insult and strike Corporal Schuyler, of Com- pany "F,'' as above stated, without any just cause." Plea — Of Specijicaiion to Charge 1, *' Not Guilty." Of Charge 1, "Not Guilty." Of Specification to Charge 2, " Not Guilty." Of Charge 2, '* Not Guilty." Of Specijication 1, Charge 3, " Not Guilty." Of Specijication 2, Charge 3, " Not Guilty." Of Charge 3, " Not Guilty." Upon considering the evidence, the Court finds the accused of each and all the specifications and charges, " Guilty." And therefore sentences him *' To be confined at hard labor at the headquarters of the GOth New York Volunteers, for one month, and undergo the stoppage of one month's pay, to ask pardon of Corporal Jacob Schuyler, of Company " F," in the presence of the regiment, and then and there to be reprimanded by the commanding ojQficer." 5th. Corporal Albert Davenport, Company "A," GOth New York Volunteers, on tile following charge and specification : 94 LIFE IN EARRACKS. Charge. *' Conduct p7'ejitdical to good order and Military discipline.^' Specijication. — " In this, that the said Albert Davenport, Corpo- ral in Company " A,^^ 60th New York Volunteers, did, on or about the 4th day of March, 1862, steal from S. W. Lasselle, Private in the aforesaid Company "A," a watch which at said time was the private property of said S. W. Lasselle. This at Camp Preston King, near Baltimore, Md.'' Plea — Of the Specification, "Not GuiUy." Of the Charge, " Not Guilty.'^ Upon consideration of the evidence, the Court finds the accused. Of the Specificatio7i, " Guilty." Of the Charge, "Guilty.'' And therefore sentences him, " To be dishonorably discharged from the service of the United States, and forfeit all pay and al- lowances due him, with the exception of the amount due the Sutler and Laundress, and be confined at hard labor in the Peni- tentiary at "Washington, for the term of three months." II. — In case 1, Sylvanus J. Titus, Drummer of Company "D," 60th New York Volunteers, the proceedings are approved and the acquittal confirmed. Private Titus will be relieved from con- finement and returned to- duty. In case 2, Private Aaron Fiske, Company ** I," 60th Kegiment New York Volunteers, the Major-General in command reluctantly confirms the proceedings in this' case. The testimony of Capt. Jones clearly shows that the accused was guilty of the act charged, but the Court having found the accused not guilty, evidently by reason of an omission of proof on the- part of the prosecution, Private Fiske will be released and returned to duty. In case 3, Private George Sayers, C(?iiipany "F," 60th New York Volunteers, the proceedings are approved and the acquittal confirmed. /Private Sayers will be released and returned to duty. In case 4, Private Charles Santo, Company "F," 60th New York Volunteers, the proceedings are approved, and the sentence will b5 executed, except that part of it which requires the ac- cused to ask pardon of Corporal Schuyler. The sentence is entirely too mild for the offence. LIFE IN BARRACKS. 95 In case 5, Corporal Albert Davenport, Company " A," 60th New York Volunteers, the proceedings are approved and the sentence is confirmed, except so much thereof as imposes im- prisonment. Corporal Davenport will be dishonorably discharged from the service of the United States immediately on the receipt of this order. The Court is hereby dissolved. By order of Major General Dix : D. T. VAN BUREN, Assistant Adjutant- General. Before this decision was announced, Davenport broke away from his confinement and deserted. Certain facts, which were elicited at the trial, justify the supposition that on mak- ing his escape, he went to a house of ill-fame, in Baltimore, where he was provided with a suit of citizen's clothes, in which he easily eluded detection. On the 18th, Major Elliott carae and paid us for the months of January and February. I have mislaid my record of the amounts sent home by each company, but the aggregate was fourteen thousand nine hundred dollars. On the 24th, a sad accident occurred at Annapolis Junc- tion. Elderkin Rose and Wallace Smith, both members of Company " A," were playing cards, when Rose playfully ac- cused Smith of. cheating, threatening, if he did it again, to shoot him with an old-fashioned pistol that lay near, and which no one supposed was loaded, as caps had been exploded on it with impunity several times in the course of the day. Neither party having any care for the game, but chiefly in- terested in having a good time, the cards were thrown down right or wrong, just as it happened, when Hose, picking up the pistol and asking Smith if he remembered the threat, pulled the trigger. Unfortunately, an old chapge exploded, and the ball entered Smith's right breast. He simply ex- claimed, " Oh, Rose !" when, sufi'ocated by the rising blood, he fell back and soon expired. The agony> of Rose was un- 96 LIFE IN BARRACKS. speakable ! all tlie avenues of comfort were closed ; and he passed into the wildest possible despair ! Smith had been his .j most intimate friend ; they had mutually chosen each other as companions, and were always cheerful and happy when to-- 'gether. Major Brundage, Captain Day and Lieutenant Foot, were; appointed to investigate the affair, and made a report of the evidence taken, disclosing the facts as above stated. The funeral services of Smith were held on the 25th, and his remains forwarded to his home in Hermon. I think it was about this time that Lieutenant Gleason, who had been North to rjecruit for the regiment, returned, and the following-named new men, recruited by him, were assigned to the different companies. Anderson, J. Burnham, L, G. Boc"kus, C. E. Barlow, S. Collins, M. B. Clark, N. B. Corbett, A. Cowan, G. M. Dorran, P. Daniels, J. F. Demmons, H. Duignan, T. J. Green, J. Gleason, E. D. Head, J. Head, T. Leyard, J. Lee, J. Lee, T. Loge, E. Marshall, R. Myers, W. R. Ostrander, G. Olds, J. Oliver, C. M. Peters, D. Busier C. Bice, W. Bice, C. D. Sloan, J. Southcott, W. Smead, E. B. Small, T. Weber, G.— 34. President Lincoln had appointed Colonel Greene Brigadier- General, and, on the 28th, the appointment was confirmed by LIFE IN BARRACKS, 97 the Senate. Some delay occurred in sending his commission, and I went on to Washington for the purpose of expediting the matter, and, if possible, of getting our regiment assigned to his Brigade. " The commission," said Adjutant-General Thomas, in a not remarkably agreeable manner, "will be sent in due time. The Sixtieth is needed where it iS; and must stay there I" - That was a decision from pretty good authority, and we proceeded to make our arrangements accordingly. Several of the officers sent for their wives ; all begun to express their preferences for the promotions likely to be called for by Gen. Greene's departure, and officers' meetings became quite fre- quent. There had been some change of opinion since the petition at the time of Colonel Hayward's discharge, but it was not deemed practicable to send any different one to the Governof ; and since it was regarded as a foregone conclusion that Lieutenant-Colonel Goodrich and Major Brundage would be promoted, the question of interest was, Who shall be Major ? General Greene recommended the promotion of Adjutant Gale, and others of the Field and Staff wrote to Albany in his behalf; but that was deemed very irregular by the Line Officers, since it made no change for them. Several unsuc- cessful attempts were made by them to unite on some one in the " Line," and at last they agreed on Captain J. M. Ransom, a most excellent man in every respect, but too much a junior,, being out-ranked by six captains, to give consistency to the plea that they wanted to have such things done in the "regu- lar" manner. Thus the month of April closed, leaving us indulging in a variety of " great expectations !" I find a record that I mailed for the regiment 3855 le^tters during the month. From the first to the middle of May no very great changes were effected, and nothing important transpired; but soon after that, Lieutenant-Colonel Goodrich received a commission as Colonel, and Major Erundage one as Lieutenant-Colonel, 9 98 LIFE IN BARRACKS. giving them rank, in their new positions, from May 1st. General Greene received his commission about the same time. 'Before leaving the regiment, however, Captain Redington had to appeal to him for relief from a trouble in which he was then involved. There had been, for some time, a growing dis- satisfaction with him in his company. His men complained that he neglected them, and was too much away. They there- fore petitioned him to resign, alleging that it appeared that he had greater interest elsewhere than with the company, and that they could easily find some one who would be more mind- ful of their welfare. The Captain went to Colonel Greene with the petition, and an effort was made to magnify the affair into a case of mutiny. Sergeant Eastman, the leader in the affair, was, with others, placed under arrest for a time, but no more ever came of it. Perhaps it was best to treat the matter in' this way, but if Colonel Hayward's case had been determined so, it would have made trouble ! Was it really any more mutinous, however, for a company to ask its Captain to resign, than for that Captain to unite with his bro- ther officers in asking their Colonel to resign ? On General Greene's leaving us, he issued the following Order : Headquarters COth Reg't N. Y. S. Vols., Camp Miles, May 18th, 1862. Regimental Orders, No. 53. Brig.-Gen. Geo. S. Greene having been promoted from the 60th Regiment N. Y. Yols. hereby resigns the command of the Regi- ment to Col. W. B. Goodrich, who has been commissioned Colo- nel of the 60th Reg't N. Y. Yols. by the Governor of the State . of New York. '• Brig.-Gen. Greene desires, before leaving the 60th Regiment N. Y. V-ols., to express his pleasure at the improvement in the • Regiment during the time he has had command of it, and at the - evident desire of officers and men to fit themselves for good ser- , vice for their country in this its hour of greatest trial. He will always remember with pleasure his connection with the LIFE IN BARRACKS. , 99 Regiment, and hopes that it may be his good fortune to have the Regiment agiiin under his command in more active service. -- With better opportunities for drill and discipline, the 60th Regiment will be inferior to none in the service. . In. conclusion, the General entre^^ts the •officers and men that they be temperate and steady in' the exact performance of their duties, that each one may make his services acceptable to his God and his country. .., GEORGE S. GREENE, / Brigadier-General. 'R. C. Gale, Adjutant. The officers had addressed a letter to the General, a copy of which I cannot find ; but it in substance expressed their high regard for him, their appreciation of his ability, an acknow- ledgment of benefits received in the connection now about to be dissolved, and the good wishes with which they should fol- low him in his new position and honors. Governor Morgan had answered the question. Who shall be Major? by sending us Edward C. James, son of Hon. A. B. James, who aiTived on the 24th, having a commission as Major from May 1st. Major James had been for some months Adjutant of the 50th Regiment N. Y. S. ^iols.-, com- monly known as the Engineers' Regiment.* His appearance among us was a surprise, and a disappointnaent. We did not take to him very kindly, for, in addition to his spoiling the prospects both of the " regular" and the " irregular" candi- dates, he was right from the field, and did not much flatter our opinion that we were disgraced by being kept on the rail- road by his assertion that any of the regiments on the Penin- sula v/ould jump at the chance of an exchange of position with us. We were very sceptical of this at that time, but were strongly persuaded to a belief of it afterwards. I do not remember that anything of note occurred after * See Chap. VII. 100 ^ . LIFE IN BARRACKS. these changes had been made until the receipt of the follow- ing telegraph : Headquarters, Harper's Ferry, , 11 P. M. May 23d, 1862. To Col. Goodrich, Commanding 60th N. Y. I have telegraphed for transportation for six (6) Companies of your Regiment to join me immediately. Also, for four (4) Com- panies First (1st) District Regiment. Send this to Beltsville, to Col. Tait. A Company must remain at Relay. Detachments of First District at posts. General Banks wants all he can get. D. S: MILES, Colonel 2d Infantry, Commanding Railroad Brigade. harper's ferry and eolivar 101 V. HARPER'S FERRY AND BOLIVAR. We expected to leave the Relay on Saturday, May 24tli, but were not called for. On Sunday morning we got a rumor from the railroad office that the order to send a train up had been countermanded. ^We therefore made arrangements for and were engaged in religious services, when word came that the train would be ready for us at 2 P. M. About that hour, the train brought up Company '^ E," from Camp Preston King, and went on for Companies " A'^ and "K," at Annapolis Junction, leaving us, meanwhile, to get our baggage and horses loaded on cars that had been left be- hind for that purpose. It was not till 6 P. M., that Com- panies '^D,'^ "F" and ^'H" joined those before mentioned, on the cars, and started for Harper's Ferry. Companies " B,'' " C," " G-'' and '' I " were left on railroad duty, under command of Major James, with Dr. Chambers to look after their bodily welfare. The other Field and Staff Officers, and also the Band, were on the cars. Although we went away with very cheerful faces, and made considerable noise in the way of cheering, it was not without regret that many lost sight of the Relay. On the whole, our stay there had been a pleasant one. We had formed agree- able acquaintances, enjoyed many visits from friends, and several had had the happiness to have their families with them a good portion of the time. Mr. O'Hern and his pleasant 9- 102 harper's ferry and bolivar. ^ Bouseliold will not be forgotten. Several of the officers had spent many happy hours in their society. We arrived at Sandy Hook, one mile east of the Ferry, and seventy-one miles distant from the Relay, at 3 o'clock on Monday morning, with 485 enlisted men. Everything was in confusion there. No one seemed to know what the true states of affairs was ; but most contradictory reports were freely cir- • culating. A member of the 10th Maine came over and re- ported that his regiment was wholly annihilated ; and Banks^ ,. badly cut up, was surrounded beyond the hope of escape. Another, of the same regiment, was as positive that Shields had got in the rear of the rebels, Banks had turned in his retreat, and, beyond all doubt; the entire force of the enemy would soon be captured. • One thing, we found out was very certain : it mattered very little whether we went forward or turned back. The enemy, vdierever he was, had plenty of artillery, we had none, nor was any to be had at or near the FerrJ^ Until cannon could be obtained, we were best off where we were, and if an attack was made at the Ferry, our friends there would be compelled to come to us. We remained at the Hook till the next morning. During the night, a Naval Battery arrived from Washington, and was put into position on Maryland Heights. Crounse's and Rey- nolds' Batteries of field artillery came in the morning, and also several regiments of infantry, among them the 102d New York, commanded by its Lieutenant-Colonel, our old friend William B. Hayward, who, having no Staff with him, was not only Commander, but Adjutant, Quartermaster and Commissary ! He had hard work before him, and plenty of it, but we all saw that he was doing it thoroughly and v/ell. At 8 o'clock in the morning, we marched over to Harper's Ferry. Up to this time Colonel Miles had been in command. Brigadier-General Saxton now arrived and relieved him. As the troops crossed on the railroad bridge, 800 feet in length, harper's ferry and bolivar. 103 the scene was very fine. Our regiment, tlie Band playing " Hail Columbia/' led the column, and with a firm and deter- mined step, we put our feet, for the first time, on the ^^ sacred soil." Harper's Ferry has been so often described that I will attempt nothing of the kind, other than to say that it seemed to me as though it ought to come up to any man's ideal of desolation and nastiness. One could hardly realize that it was ever a flourishing place, or even decently clean; but I believe there is a tradition to the effect that it was once neat and prosperous. The ruins of the Government Workshops are a presumption in favor of the latter; but I saw nothiug to indicate that the cleanliness was ever anything more than a' myth. We made no halt in the village, but passed throu^'h and out High Street, through Bolivar Village, to Bolivar Heights, distant two miles from the Ferry. Here a line of battle was formed, fronting the road to Charlestown. The 60th was the second regiment from the right; the 78th New York being between us and the Battery. Between 9 and 10 o'clock in the evening we had an alarm that the rebels were coming. The line was immediately formed, but no enemy appeared. At the same time firing was heard on Loudon Heights, at our rear, which, according to the subsequent report of General Saxton, was an attack of the rebel cavalry on two Companies of Maryland troops, who had been sent out on reconnoissance. One sergeant was killed. Finding that it was a false alarm in front, Colonel Goodrich ordered the men to lie down on their arms, and go to sleep, seeking himself to give them an example, success in which was prevented by the extreme nervousness of Colonel Daniel Ullman, of the 78th, who busied himself in whispering to his men of the terrible fight that might be anticipated, the overwhelming number of the rebels, and the necessity of their keeping wide awake. Occasionally he would come to our \ ofiicers with a little ^Tatuitous advice, which, according to my 104 harper's ferry and bolivar. recollection^ was not very gratefully receiYed; nor courteously responded to. On Wednesday morning a regiment of infantry, one of cavalry, and a section of Reynolds' Battery, went out to Charlestown, on a reconnoissance ; and the Naval Battery, on Maryland Heights, threw a number of shells over to Loudon. While these things were going on at some distance from us, the 60th made an attack in force on a large hog who attempted to pass through our camp, and, after a great deal of " skir- mishing," much -^^ strategy," and many '■'■ changes - of base,'' he was shot down directly in front of the Colonel's tent. The animal was weighed, that in case an owner called it might be paid for ; but, as no one ever made any claim^ the Subsistence Department got so much gain. The force that went out towards Charlestown -drove the rebels out of that place; but they were immediately reinforced, and compelled our troops to retire. More troops were sent out to cover the retreat, which was done in good style, we only losing one captain and eight men, captured by the rebels. It was reported by the troops which came in that the enemy was rapidly advancing. At this time Brigadier-General John P. Slough arrived, and took command of our Brigade, then called the Second, and composed of the 78th and 60th N. Y., 3d Delaware, Pur- nell Legion, 2d Battalion 1st Maryland Cavalry, and Battery K 1st N. Y. Artillery, Capt. Lorenzo Crounse. General Slough had seen service in New Mexico, and had sained honor as Colonel of the 1st Colorado Volunteers, having made a forced march with them — an infantry regiment — of 160 miles in four days, and fought the battle of Pidgeon's Ranche. He detailed Adjutant Gale as his Assistant Adju- tant-General, and Colonel Goodrich appointed Lieutenant N. M. Dickinsoji to act as Regimental Adjutant. Anticipating an attack, we formed a new line of battle, and waited for the rebels, but saw nothing of them, except a small harper's ferry and bolivar. 105 body of cavalry, which occasionally emerged from a point of woods about two miles up the road. We shelled the woods, but got no response. Our troops slept on their arms that night, and had no disturbance. The next morning our pickets were driven in, the enemy opening on them with artillery and infantry. We prepared again to receive them should they advance ; but, after waiting two or three hours, and not seeing anything of them, a squad- ron of cavalry was sent out to ascertain their position. When near Halltown, about four miles out, they were suddenly fired upon by a battery concealed in a point of woods, and beat a hasty retreat, followed by the rebels to within two miles of camp. The battery on our right opened on the rebels, and for several minutes they returned the fire, but their shot fell far short of us. At 11 o'clock in the evening, as everything was quiet, I rolled myself in my blankets, and went to sleep, but was wakened in about an hour after by Colonel Goodrich, who in- formed me that we were about to change, our position. The First Brigade, under General Cooper, went over to 3Iary- land Heights, and the Second took position on Camp Hill. The baggage train covered the retreat — a new arrangement in military afiairs, but Robertson was courageous, and the thing was done in splendid style. Our Quartermaster was at this time at the Ferry, assisting a venerable Saint,* who found the sudden pressure at the Commissary Department too much for his infirmities. Camp Hill was immediately above the village of Harper's Ferry, and its occupation, according to General Saxton, pre- sented a two-fold advantage : first, that being much less ex- tended, it could be held by a smaller force, the enemy, from I * Daniel Saint, a very pleasant old gentleman, who had suf- ! fered in the loss of his property in Florida by the rebels, was, from sympathy, made a Commissary. 106 harper's ferry and bolivar. the nature of the ground, being unable to bring into action a larger force than our own ; secondly, that it would enable us to bring our Naval Battery on the Maryland Heights to bear upon the enemy as they advanced down the declivity of Boli- var Heights into the valley which separates it from Camp Hill. They would thus be exposed for a considerable time to a heavy fire from this formidable battery, whose great eleva- tion would enable it to throw shells directly over the heads of our own forces on Camp Hill into the faces of the advancing foe. On Friday, we sent out a large body of sharpshooters from our regiment, to support a section of battery, and ascertain, if possible, the position and strength of the rebels. As they I showed themselves on Bolivar, the enemy opened a fire of - musketry from the entire length of their line, which was promptly responded to by the rifles, and with grape and canis- ter from the cannon. What damage, if any, was done the rebels, I never heard ; but all they efi"ected on us was to hit the hub of one of our caisson wheels with a six-pound round shot, and slightly scratch a finger of one of the members of Company " A,^^ with a stone thrown up by a bursting shell. Some time in the afternoon, the pickets were called in, and word sent to the citizens of Bolivar that they would all be required to come within our lines by sunset, as the place would, in all probability, be shelled in the evening. As night approached, it began to rain ; and the darkness ,• came on'swiftly. The rebels' signal-lights were numerous and > constant. It was supposed by General Saxton that the rebels had crossed the Heights, and were advancing on us. General Slough opened on them, from Camp Hill, with two batteries, and the heavy guns on Maryland Heights sent their large shells over our heads. It was one of the most magnificent ' and impressive scenes one could ever witness ! The rain fell ■ in torrents; the frequent and dazzling light^iing lit up the giant mountains on either side, while the crash of thunder harper's ferry and bolivar. 107 echoing Trith terrific power among the hills, drowned into com- parative insignificance the roar of oyr artillery. One-half of our men sought shelter and sleep, while the others stood in line, ready for action; and so they alternated ev^cry three hours during the night. After the firing was over, I disposed of myself on the "soft side of a hoard" in an old building which the Band had taken possession of, and got through the night in a tolerably comfortable manner. Saturday was occupied in a reconnoissance, chiefly by the cavalry, supported by sharpshooters. They scoured the coun- try around for a distance of four or five miles, but found no enemy. It was evident, however, Where their line of battle had been the night before, and that a shell from the Naval Battery had fallen on their centre. Late in the afternoon, our baggage, which had been put on the cars and taken across the river, was brought back, and we •put up tents, expecting a comfortable ni^ht; but just towards evening, it was reported that two of our cavalry had deserted to the enemy, and it became necessary that we should be on duty to guard against surprise. It was another stormy night, and very uncomfortable, so that, although the next day was Sunday, it did not seem right that the men, after being ob- liged to spend most of the forenoon in cleaning their rifles and attending to inspection, should also be compelled to attend religioMS service. The remaining hours of the day were literally, and, I believe, properly devoted to rest. The month of May closed with Saturday, and I find a record that during May I mailed 5283 letters. After this time I was not able to keep any postal register, owing to the irregularity of the mails. My custom was to write to my family every day, and to forward the letters as fast as oppor- tunity ofi'ered, being sometimes compelled to keep them on hand two or three weeks. From the pages of that record, I now draw for most of what follows. 108 THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY. VI. THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY. On Monday, June 2d, Major-G-eneral Franz Sigel arrived at Harper's Ferry, and took command of the forces, Gen. Saxton returning to Washington. The previous night had been quiet, the men were rested, in good health and spirits, and enthusiastic on receipt of the order designating 4 P. J^L as the hour to commence a march up the Valley. The teams were to be loaded with rations, and ten men from each Company were left under charge of Lieut. Spencer to guard the tents and personal baggage we could not then take with us. We were ready at the time appointed, but a delay occurred somewhere, and it was 8 o'clock before we received the final order to '^ Fall in." Meanwhile, for two hours it had been raining in torrents. On the average the mud was ankle-deep, and in many places tested the resisting quality of some of the longest-topped boots. '^ This will be tough for the men," said an Aid, addressing himself to the General. " Yes," replied Sigel, with a strong foreign accent, " but we must get accustomed to it," We moved slowly^ and soon wearily. When about five miles out, and at about midnight, we came to a halt, temporarily, as we supposed, but we remained there till morning. It was too dark to make any choice of resting place ; we therefore lay down wherever the mud seemed shallowest, and got such snatches of sleep as the circumstances would allow. At daylight the march was resumed. Charlestown, five miles from the Ferry, was reached about 7 o'clock. There were THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY. 109 I many sour-faced inhabitants visible. John Brown had been hung there, and as our troops remembered it and sung lustily, '* His soul goes 3Iarching on," it was not noticed that their comfort was materially increased. A short halt was made here, improved by the men in filling their canteens^ and by a num- I ber of the mounted officers in looking about the place. The j population is estimated, I believe, at 1500, and the village is i very prettily built up. The place is named for Col. Charles t Washington, brother of the G-eneral, who formerly owned the I land. I At 3 P. M., we had marched four miles further south, and I came to a halt for the day at a place called^ Smithfield. Here f we formed two lines, one to the front and one to the rear of I our camp ; and as all were both hungry and sleepy, meals were hurriedly eaten, and sleep soon became general. Before dark, however, it began to rain again, and for twenty-four hours it came down in uninterrupted torrents. It was hard to get "accustomed *' to it, but nothing else was left us. Shortly after daylight we pushed on. The sudden and severe exposure had deranged all my physical functions, and made me very weak. Dr. Gale administered a powerful as- tringent in a strong stimulant, and temporary relief followed, but we had hardly gone a mile, before, at a temporary halt I under a covered bridge, I had premonition of fainting, and pushing out into the rain, would have fallen from my horse, had not the troops standing about caught me. A draught from Capt. Godard's camphor-bottle set me to rights. When Bonney came up with the ambulance, I gave him my horse to ride, and took his place as driver. The rain made over- coats and blankets wet and heavy, so oppressively so that many commenced throwing them away earl}' in the day, and soon the road was strewn with them. Many knapsacks shared the same fate, and as the sand washed into the men's shoes and stockings, a great many found relief in being barefooted, and dropped shoes and stockings wherever they could get them 10 110 THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY. off. The Opequan and Abraham creeks were both forded. Ordinarily accomplished dry-shod by stepping from rock to rock, but now so swollen by the rains, that the best the men could do was to pass through where it was waist-deep. At starting in the morning, two regiments of infantry were in advance of the Sixtieth, but by noon so many had fallen out, that Gen. Sigel ordered us to push past the few who re- mained in our advance, and to take and retain position im- mediately in rear of the Battery. The order was obeyed, and the regiment received much praise from the General for its efficiency and discipline. At four P. M. we entered Winchester, having marched fourteen miles literally through mud and water since morning. The loyal citizens received us with enthusiasm, the rebel por- tion peeped at us through closed shutters. Our regiment was quartered in the City Hall, a large two- story building, where we found rest. Some upper rooms in a row of buildings north of the hall, the former occupants of which are in the rebel service, were taken by the Field and Staff officers, and for Hospital purposes. One of these rooms was filled with tobacco, which the soldiers soon appropriated to their own use. Some of it, I believe, found its way to St. Lawrence Co., as did also a large number of law books, the property of an attorney, then an officer in the rebel army. General Stonewall Jackson and his forces had evacuated the city the previous Saturday, taking with them a large num- ber of prisoners. All our own wounded — those injured in General Banks' retreat — were left behind, as were a great number of sick and wounded rebels. Of the former, I at- tended the funerals of eight during our stay in the city.* * H. Bosmore, 2d Massachusetts ; J. Terwilliger, T. M. Ken- ney, Andrew Kitchie, 46th Pennsylvania ; Arnold Kyler, 84th • Pennsylvania; W. Limburger, 1st Maryland; Robert Huston, 62d Ohio ; H. Albright, 27th Indiana. THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY. Ill The 60th was detailed to assist the Provost Marshal in keeping order in the city. The day after our arrival a large force was sent out on a general scouting expedition. From all directions of the country round they brought in .prisoners, guns, ammunition, Confederate flags, and other con- cealed rebel property. Many wounded rebel officers were found in private houses; and a large amount of property stolen from General Banks was recovered. For several days, until the depredations on the railroad could be repaired, all our subsistence stores were brought by teams from the Ferry. Not much could be bought in Winchester, and the officers, not allowed to draw from the men's rations, found it difficult to obtain all the necessaries of life. We therefore anticipated Pope's famous order, and, for a while, lived on the country. Lyman Root probably remembers the nice fat hens which he and Clark brought down with their pistols. On the 6th, the troops were all paraded in front of their quarters, for the purpose of welcoming the returning column of General Banks, the vanguard of which marched in late in the afternoon, and were greeted with a reception which was, I believe, as acceptable to them as it was heart-felt in those who gave it. The same evening our Band gave a serenade to Generals Sigel and Slough, both of whom made responsive speeches. I have lost the notes taken on the occasion, but very well remember that Captain Godard was particular to remind me not to forget the closing remarks, which made such special reference to the good things to be had by going up stairs ! The day following General Sigel reviewed the First Bri- gade — General Cooper's— which was encamped about two miles south of us. Several of the Second Brigade went out to witness it. The troops made a very fine appearance. The next day was Sunday. General Slough sent his Adju- tant over to request me to occupy a church, if possible, and, 112 THE SKENAXDOAH VALLEY. if a vacant one wag found, to take possession. Search was made, but all fit for use were occupied. The regiment, there- fore, paraded in the City rlall yard, and the Band and myself occupied the steps. A few citizens gathered round, several from other regiments joined us, and we held an appropriate,, and, I trust, a profitable service. Prayer was offered, hymns sung, solemn music played. Psalm xxxiv. v,'as read, and such remarks as it suggested followed. On Monday I obtained leave of absence for five days, and started for Baltimore, chiefly to accomplish two things — to send North some $2,50.0 the men had retained from their last pay, and were now anxious to place where it could do the most good ; and also to see if I could not, either in Baltimore or Washington, bring such influences to bear as would result in having our four Companies, still remaining at the Relay, join us in the field. Major James was telegraphed to meet me on the road, and we arranged for a conference with Gen. Wool. On Wednesday we obtained an interview with his Assistant Adjutant-General, who, after showing us that they had no authority to order the four Companies to march, forwarded a letter, written by Major James, to the War Department — the letter containing a statement of the facts of the case, and of the strong desire of all in the Regiment that the command should be brought together. Nothing ever came of it. On the 14th, I reported again to the Regiment. The weather was intensely hot, and, as the last eleven miles of the journey were performed on foot, and I had quite a load to carry, and two deep streams to ford, I got some notion of what marching was. The Regiment had moved camp during my absence, and I found them at Camp Sigel," on a very pleasant ground, two miles south of the village. Considerable fear was entertained that the rebels would get in our rear. A council of war was held. General Sigel's de- cision was: " We must not go back — our honor is on it; we must go forward." Company H. of the 60th, was sent eighteen THE JiHENANDOAU VALLEY. 113 miles east, to Snicker's Ferry, to watch the movements of the enemy there ; and on the 16th we got orders to be in rea- diness to march at 8 o'clock the next morning. The teams were sent to Harper's Ferry for our baggage, and we all cheer- fully got ready for a move, except the Band. Mr. Wright, the leader, had just got back from a brief trip to Baltimore, and his men were unanimous in their entreaties to him to get .the Colonel's consent to their discharge. Subsequently he made the attempt, but failed, of course. During the rest of their stay with us they were very much discontented. With- out intending them any injustice, I here record what I several times said to them in person : they complained without just cause ; their exposures were no more than fell to the lot of their companions ; their duties not as arduous, nor their hard- ships near so great. Their music never sounded half so sweet at any time when we were in permanent camp and barracks as it did at the close of a weary march, at evening parade, or in the Sabbath service, or at the burial of the dead. They did not fully appreciate its power under such circumstances, but others felt and owned its soothing and ennobling influence. I regret the unwillingness with which they continued with us, but more deeply deplore the mistaken economy of the Govern- ment in discharging the Regimental Bands. Our march, on the 17th, was a very pleasant one. It was through a rich agricultural region, grain waving all around us, and sweet perfumes, from beautiful fields of clover in full blossom, filling the air. Concerning the early settlement of that region, I find the following on record : *' The first German settler who came to Virginia was one Jacob Stover, who went there from Pennsylvania, and obtained a grant of five thousand acres of land on the Shenandoah. The story runs that, on his application to the Colonial Governor of Virginia for a grant of land, he was refused, unless he could give satisfac- tory assurance that he would have the land settled with the required number of families within a given time. Being un- able to do this, he went over to England, and petitioned the 10* 114 THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY. King himself to direct the issuing of his grant ; and in order to insure success, had given human names to every horse, cow, hog, and dog he owned, and which he represented as heads of fami- lies, ready to settle the land. Ills Majesty, ignorant that the Williams, Georges and Susans, seeking royal consideration, were some squealing in pig-pens, others braying in the luxuriant ' meadows for which they petitioned, issued the huge grant ; and to-day there is serious reason to suppose that many of the wealthiest and oldest families around Winchester are enjoying their lands by virtue of titles given to ancestral flocks and ^herds." The inhabitants of this valley, be it remembered, are very tenacious of their rights and standing as First Family Vir- ginians ! Availing myself of the privilege of riding either at the front or rear, I pushed on in advance, and enjoyed an hour or more in a visit with General Greene, whom I found in good health and most excellent spirits. Prompt and glad to obey the order which sent him to the front, he was confident, from former experience, having just participated in General Banks' reverses, that, unless we were strongly reinforced, we would all come back in a great hurry ! In passing through Newtown, one of our men detected a man dressed as a citizen, sitting at a window, with pencil and paper in hand, counting and noting down the number of our forces. A negro employed by an officer in the 1st Regiment District of Columbia Volunteers, recognized the man as a Captain of Artillery, whom he had seen in the rebel service at Bull Eun. We took him along with us, and he was sub- sequently sent to Washington. At 4 P. M., we went into camp 13 miles south of our starts ing point in the morning. General Slough named the place Camp Tait, for the commander of the District of Columbia Volunteers, the senior Colonel in our Brigade. The next afternoon. Company "H" rejoined us. At Snickers', they had pressed a horse and cart into the service, THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY. 115 and using these for the conveyance of their knapsacks, had mad-e an easy march. A big-headed dwarfish boy, who had followed gome portion of the army ever since the first troops left New York city, and who answered to the name of " Bull Run," drove their team. This somewhat comical little fellow re- mained with 'us several weeks, but one day disappeared as suddenly as he came. General Slough made his headquarters at the residence of. a Mr. Heater, a full-blown specimen of the hen-pecked class ; a very innocent-appearing creature, who, when his wife was about, knew his place most admirably, and " governed himself accordingly." Mrs. H. was an ornament to the rebel cause. She rarely spoke without lying, and always brought her hus- band forward to prove her stories, who, of course, never con- tradicted her. It was deemed advisable to search the pre- mises, as muskets, ammunition, etc., had been found secreted in several houses in the neighborhood. She was deeply in- jured at the thought of suspicion being fastened on her house; but when the search disclosed large cjuan titles of military clothing and blankets, ordnance stores, and the smaller parts of .camp equipage generally, she affirmed that it was all private property, and the gifts of friends; and, on appeal to Mr. Heater, he supported the declaration ! The dear creatures found it impossible, however, to sleep the night after the search, but rose at midnight, and, knocking at the General's door, earnestly desired to take the oath of allegiance immediately. They were put off till morning, when Adjutant Gale drew up and administered an oath which, whatever other peculiarity it may have had, certainly was not weak!- No more effective, however, in regulating their future course, than the administration of a similar obligation to others of that rattlesnake brood; a custoni, which, as a general thing, may in time of war be very properly superseded by the gallows. This beautiful couple had a son commissioned in the rebel army. His wife and little child remained with them ; and a lit) THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY. slave woman in tlie kitchen had also a child of about the same age,Wd bearing a near resemblance to the white woman's baby. Frequently the wife beat the slave, and while we Were there she had been most shamefully whipped. On leaving the place Gen. Slough reminded the family that they might some day expect him to return, and that a general skinning would follow if he should learn that they continued the practice of their barbarities. It became necessary for us to draw on the citizens for for- age, during our stay in that neighborhood, and in two in- stances I accompanied Lieut. Gleason, Acting Quartermaster, and Commissary-Sergeant Robertson, in search of it. Our first visit was to the farm of an ancient woman, who, while we were talking some coi*n from the crib, took occasion to lecture us on our sins, and on the fate that awaited us, and the Federal soldiers generally, at the day of judgment. Ko- bertson and myself being satisfied with the recompense of the present, attended to the duties of the hour alone, only ad- dressing the old lady from time to time with the respect due to her years, and even exceeding the ordinary requirements of civility, by calling her mother. But Grleason fell in with her theory, but difiering in its application, they administered consolation to each other by assigning, the one the Federals, and the other the rebels, to eternal perdition ! We were anxious to obtain some butter for our own use, and would gladly have paid any reasonable price for a few pounds. The old lady insisted, however, that she had none, not even enough for her own table. At this juncture, the . daughter, who had been to Middletown to obtain a safeguard, reached*home. She was very furious in her feelings, and de- cidedly emphatic in expressing them. " Oh, if I only had a pistol, how quick I would shoot you !" said she. With the courtesy and gallantry becoming the chivalrous State in which we spoke, we tendered her the use of our own, but she spurned our offer ! THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY. 117 ' ' Soon she discovered that the drivers, who had gone to the spring house for a drink of water, had found and taken Ume butter, and with great indignation she reproached us that not being content with taking a poor woman^s corn, we also allowed our men to steal butter. Our jfirst impulse was to order the men to return it, but Gleason concurring with- us in the .pro- .priety of applying in this instance the theory of present recompense, we- rendered judgment thus : • Mother has said that she has no butter. Vv^e ought not to question her veracity. This, therefore, is not hers; and since we want butter, and are willing to pay for it, we will add more to this and take it to camp, and when the owner appears, all claims shall be satisfied. No one coiled on us for pay, but perhaps a demand may be made on the Government at the same time the bill for the corn is presented; the latter to be paid for, according to the ■ receipt we gave, " on proof of the loyalty of the owner." •v Returning from this excursion, we stopped for a moment's rest at the residence of a woman whose husband had been taken south for refusal to bear arms against the United States. She informed us that during Gen. Eanks' retreat a large num- ber of guns had been secreted in a piece of woods near her, and although many had since then been taken away by the citizens, doubtless some still remained. On teaching camp, Col. Goodrich offered me a detachment of men for the purpose of searching the woods. After dinner I took fifty men and went out. We found, no ordnance stores, but came upon three rebel baggage wagons, of huge dimen- sions, hidden in the forests. Teams were obtained from camp, and we brought them in. The largest, a huge wa^n over twenty feet long, Robertson determined to take north, for camp meeting purposes, using a good mule team to draw it, and furnish instrumental music and groaning for the occasion. While at Middletown, drills were regularly attended to every day, and a large force was constantly employed on picket duty; 118 THE SHENANDOAH VALLEY. notwithstanding all which the men were sufficiently rested to so#tir the country at night, and to bring in large quantities of milkj honey, mutton, eggs, poultry, vegetables and soft bread. The surviving members of the old Color Guard have probably not forgotten their exploits in that line ! On the 18th, we were reinforced with artillery. Twenty- four pieces arrived, and were equally distributed to the two brigades. This increased the number in our brigade to thirty- two • of which four were smooth-bore twelve-pounders, and the balance rifled six-pounders, throwing a ten-pound shell. At Harper's Ferry I had taKen a runaway negro from Jackson's army, to be my servant. He was not remarkably neat, but was very faithful, and remained with me about six months. While we were at Winchester he fell in love with a colored girl residing there; and, after our leaving, soon began to importune me to write her a letter for him. I wrote what I thought was a very alFectionate note, but he thought it needed some addition, as he wanted to " pop de question right off I" He therefore insisted on adding this : " De ribbers are wide, an' de seas are deep- In your sweet arms I wish to sleep ; Not for one night, nor foftwo or three, But as long as you an' I can agree. Ditto !" I remonstrated that that was not a very modest way of pre- senting the matter. " Don' know n