F 
 
 
 
 
19 MAIDEN LANE 
 •NEW YORK- 
 
 '- lO FRONT ST. 
 
 SAN FRANCISCO. CAL 
 
 
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hfi^afer does not flow over 
 
 laqara rails 
 
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 MVBJJ^GtRIpV 
 
 • H^NRY S J.P.h C 
 
 • John ^^ A- -HALL 
 •OBTreland 
 
 '[ Therefore be wor 
 'ulure suppor 
 
 dlyv.^wise am 
 o^.fhoseVyy 
 
 yt- passes over 
 
 Silent majority; 
 
 your now slronq^arm 
 
 \provide a 
 a depend upon 
 
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 NEW YORK. 243 Broadway 
 
 PHILADELPHIA, 520 Walnut St 
 
 ST. LOUIS, Cor 5" a Olive StH 
 
 BOSTON. 31 MilK 
 
 CHICAGO, 92 La Salle St 
 
 BUFFALO, 12 Law Exchange 
 
 SYRACUSE, Onondaga County Savings Bank 
 
 'e/Tssets Dec. 31*^ 188&, 
 gVfiabilities Dec. 31 ?t i888, 
 (Surplus by 4 per cenf. standard , 
 
 ;» 8,809,99 5.04 
 
 « 755,527.61 
 
FACTORIES. MERIDEN. CONN. 
 
 ilcox SilvBi pjale fo. 
 
 lanuiacturers 
 
 Show "Roonn, 
 
 6 MAIDEN LANE , NEW N^ORK 
 
 ec ro 
 
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J^^ ' 
 
 Aikr^jMll/^^r:^^^^ 
 
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 M\^^!/Vyk. 
 
 
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 ^.rC^b <./VJ-« 
 
 yij^I GILSEY HOUSL 
 
 
 ~ -^ ' ^-^ ' PROPRIETORS. 
 
 )• 
 
JOirectkj in froat of the new Jubilee Pai'k, 
 
 Focin^ the Si'ate Reservah'oii, 
 Acknowiedqed fhe finesf siruafed hofel at iliagara. 
 
 NIAGARA FALLS, N Y. 
 
Fr.STAIM ISHF^P 1H14- 
 
 ouse 
 
 [IF. ADVERTISEMENT otfaiaf «hM hotel for »alc, i> for the puri>o«e 
 ling up the »tf»>n of « partnership t»hich hoi exixed for over 
 1 - hail » century, and will not interfere with the lucccttful continu*- 
 I (I'lii of the bu»ine« of thi» famoui old hotel. 
 
II ie 
 
 ism^myi;; 
 
Jhe L-Q'^gest M'H FurnisHing House in the World, 
 
 <i~ii 
 
 Oli^ 
 
 
 Ja<:k65N. Mkm.. <J. 5. A. 
 
 Canada Branch: 
 
 STRATFORD ONT 
 
 /\ EuMOPlAN AotHTi: 
 4 WM. R. OELL d. SON, 
 
 2« MAHK LANt, lONCWN. C. C. 
 
How TO See 
 
 Niagara 
 
 Only for those whose love for her ne'er sleeps. 
 
 [iv-^ 
 
t» i. •i^^*veXvtu^-c)- 
 
How TO See Niagara. 
 
 ^f 
 
 mys 
 and 
 
 THIS centennial year of tlie oreat American Republic the highways of 
 
 I'luropc are crowded by American travelers who would fain see Paris 
 
 while in the flesh rather than take their chances after death. More 
 
 than any other people, they are a nation of travelers, and, with the 
 
 prevailing high order of education and intelligence, have probably a 
 
 better general knowledge than any other of their own country. Vet 
 
 it is suspected that if the customs officers at Liverpool, Southampton, 
 
 Bremen, and Havre were to interrogate each as he stepped from the 
 
 gangway upon foreign soil a surprisingly large number would be found 
 
 who had never seen the Golden Gate, the Yellowstone Park, the Canon of the 
 
 „>' Colorado, the fairy isle of Mackinac, or that crowning glory of their native land, 
 
 the Falls of Niagara. 
 
 Is it that ease of access diminishes curiosity? Distance and danger have always possessed 
 
 terious attractions to the Anglo-Sa.xon race, that has never hesitated to brave hardship 
 
 peril in exploring unknown regions, while often neglecting scenes of beauty and grandeur 
 
nearer home. Certain .. . >...> >... ^,, i...,^.^, lo America has always Ni.i^.u.i i". In- 
 
 chief objective point, and it is in forciijn books of travel that we find the best descriptions of 
 the great cataract. From the time when the Jesuit Father Hennepin first ^a/cd with aston- 
 ished eyes upon the stupendous wonder, after a toilsome jt>umey of many weeks throu(;h the 
 wilderness, to that lovely fall day when the French liartholdi delegation wa<i carried there 
 from New York, in but eleven hours, in the luxurious case of a palace car and in the society 
 of that prince of rafoHtmrs, Mr. Dcpcw. an annual procession, from ever)' f|uarter of the 
 globe, have sought this Mecca of all lovers of Nature. 
 
 So rapid has been the westward movement of our |K>pulation. that Chicago, with its 
 more than a million inhabitants, has become practically the center of the Republic, to which 
 converge a greater number of rail lines than enter any other American city. In p<iinting out. 
 therefore. "How to see Niagara." we may pro|»crly make "The Garden City" our starting 
 point. In this great western country all roads lead to Chicago, as. twenty centuries ago. all 
 roads led to Rome. But from Chicago eastward there is but one road to be considered, for 
 there is but one whose double lines of steel lead directly to Niagara. The sapient geograph- 
 ical student who remarked the curious fact that large rivers always ran by large towns would 
 have been no less forcibly struck by the circumstance that the waters of the Great Lakes 
 should have found their outlet over the great precipice directly by and below the track of a 
 great cast and west trunk-line of railway, from which its passengers might see the wonders of 
 
 X\v- - • ■: - - -•- 
 
E WAY TO NIAGARA. THE MICHIGAN CENTRAL VESTIBULED LIMITED 
 
Tlicrcforc. from its dec : ' .^Kcct, where the l.ike bree/xs temper the 
 
 summer heat, \vc take one of the finely-appointed cxprcM trains uf the Michif^an Centml. 
 "The Niai^Ata Falls Route." Of few cities is the railway aspect so agreeable as that of Chi- 
 cago from this line. For miles on the one side ripple or roll or daoh in combing waves the 
 waters of the gray-blue lake. On the other, stretches grassy parks with shady nooks and 
 bright parterres of flowers, rich tasteful residences and suburban villas embowered in such 
 luxuriance of foliage as no other great city Vn..u-. and then the prairie, rounding ^he Lake 
 of Calumet with the furnaces of South < mg bhick smoke from their tall chimneys 
 
 in the distance. 
 
 From between the sand dunes of Michigatt City, and again at New MufTalo, we catch pictur- 
 esque glimpses of Lake Michigan and then strike into the rich and populous region of South- 
 ern Michigan to cross the b.isc of the gfcat peninsula to Detroit. To the observant traveler 
 this is a chamiing ride by day-light. The rolling country, with its silvery lakes and cool, clear 
 streams, its fields of waving grain and luxuri.int pasture lands, varied by occasional forests, by 
 neat villages and pros|K:rouvlooking well-built cities, forms an attractive panorama through 
 the clear plate-glass of the car-windows, and even with the most careless traveler divides 
 interest with the latest novel. Nearly all this region is famous for its yield of wheat and 
 the fine quality of flour that it produces: in its pastures graze flocks of sheep and herds of 
 graded cattle and blooded horses with (ledigrccs of royal length ; and its towns and villages 
 ' •'• ■ 'y of manufacturing industries. 
 
MICHIGAN CENTRAL RAILROAD STAT;. 
 
Sot will tlu ii< imi <•■ <i<>....r. t..v ^....^<.^.^. ..i material prosperity and of educated cul- 
 ture, t.iste and refinement in the numerous examples of the bctt forms of modern architecture 
 in botli private and public buildings. 
 
 Those that strike the traveler most forcibly, however, are the new railroad stations. This 
 is not only because their necessary proximity to the railroad track forces them upc»n public 
 notice, but because of their manifest beauty and appropriateness, theii admirable construction, 
 and convenient arrangement for the purposes of their use that make them models of railroad 
 architecture. The solid, gray lime-stone of Ann Arbor, with its Renaissance towers and 
 turret, the severely plain brick tower and broad eaves of Battle Creek, the stone-trimmed 
 brick-work of Kal.iin.i/<><>, and the rustic boulder rock-work of Grass Lake, diverse as they 
 arc in style and material, are all th r-.n^hly harmonious, and suggest the comfort, the con- 
 venience and even the cosy prettt md in the internal arrangement, furnishing and 
 decorations. 
 
 Detroit is not only a city of atluc caicrprise and business pros|)erity, but a city with a 
 dramatic and picturesque history of two centuries, illustrated by the marble statues of her 
 earlier heroes on the facades of her City Hall and the fine granite and bronze monument 
 opposite to those of a later generation. Kntcring the magnificent depot of the Michigan 
 Central, into which come also other trains and through cars from all quarters of the compass, 
 and whose massive yet graceful tower at the foot of JefTcrson Avenue is one of the features 
 of the city, the train is run down on bf>ard of a powerful steel transfer boat and ijuickly 
 
m^. 
 
 UCHIGAN CENTRAL RAILROAD STATION AT BATTLE CREEK. 
 
fcrriiil across the br<»ail n : passii^c over the majest : in 
 
 summer at least, a delightful incident of the journey. From the hurricane deck ol the great 
 steamer a l>cautiful view is obtained of the mile* of busy water-frunt of the city, and of the 
 broad bosom of the stream covered with cnift of every description, l-'ar abiivc is the lovely 
 wooded jwrk of Iklle Isle, and below are the ramparts of old Fort Wayne and the towers 
 and ilomes of the immense Fxposition buildings. 
 
 Reaching the Canada shore the train is soon under way again and makes fast time indeed 
 through Her Majesty's Dominion. Passing St. Thomas, the railroad centre of lower Ontario, 
 and Welland on the famous ship canal, we soon reach the Niagara River, and a moment later, 
 .IS the trainmen announce " F.M.I-S ViKW," the great cataract bursts suddenly upon our expect- 
 .int vision. The train st«>ps and every passenger hastens to the verge of the embankment, a 
 hundred feet above the river, to enjoy i -.hI of the allotted five minutes, the won- 
 
 tlcrful scene of beauty and grandeur !■ The point of view is directly above the 
 
 llorse-shoe Falls, and the eye takes in ili< mtwi extent of the Horse-shoe or Canadian and 
 the .American Falls, with the wood-crowned Goat Island between, the raging, white-capped 
 rapids and the lesser islands above, and the boiling cauldron below, with the column f»f snowy 
 spray rising from the abyss and dissolving in the sky above. Beyond is the American shore 
 on which the larger buildings of the town of Niagara Falls may be discerned back of the 
 trees of IVospccl Park, while far up to the right stretches the broad expanse of lake-like 
 river, l-'mm tv •'• •■■• • rt-hcnsivc a view obtainabl'v '"•' ■♦ " '^'11 that the trav- 
 
cltT nIiouIiI hrit sec Ni.i^^.ir.i hcri-, .is iu- ;^ams tiicr< l)\ the best idea of il^ t'>i>i.^..i|iliy. 
 I.taving Kail* View, the train |>as<ics over a dee|xut road thmu^h which one catches a lovely 
 i;lim|)»c. as of a framed picture, of the snowy gothic tracery of the American Falls; and a m«»- 
 inent later the station of Niagara Falls. Ontario, is reached. A mile and a half farther down 
 the river is crossed on the famous Cantilever Hridgc, two hundred and fifty feet above "the 
 an^jriest bit of water in the world." and a great triumph of engineering skill and daring. 
 From the bridge, which is undoubtcdlv ■■lu- .f tlu- strongest and s^ifest structures in the 
 world, one has a fine view of the Fai! and the rocky walls between which the 
 
 surging waters flow, while below arc sec r iMon Mridgc and the Whirlpool Kapids. 
 
 From Suspension Bridge station at the eastern end of the Cantilever liridge t<> Niagara l''alls, 
 N. v., the train often runs so near the edge that one may look down upon the madly turbulent 
 waters far below and get fleeting glimpses of the bridge he has just crossed, the Falls, and the 
 foaming rock-walled amphithc.itrr into which they pour. ,\t the latter itntion t« tht- fiwn. 
 most of the hotels, the :: shops, the photographers, an! 
 
 stop. 
 
 Trollo|K* thought that it aullcrcd very little, or not at all. from what pumi ilic I all.s wo^ first 
 seen. " Let the visitor see it all." he said, "and learn the whereabouts of ever>' point, so as t<i 
 understand his own position and that of the waters; and then, having done that in the way of 
 business, let him proceed to cnjo>'ment. I doubt whether it be not the best to do this with all 
 sight-sc. ; ii the English traveler and novelist in this view, provided the tourist 
 
THE CITY HALL AND THE SOLDIERS' MONUMENT, DETROIT, 
 
has ample linu- .u n.^ .u>i...>.., l.-a i„..> .^ ...i ,. i,.v American traveler usually bcurudj-cs 
 
 more than time. an<l nothing in which he desires so much to economize. 
 
 It is. therefore, fair to su|)|k>sc that the traveler ha*, by reading and study of the map. 
 ac<iuainleil himself with the general, and to some extent with the local, geography and topography 
 of Niagara l-'alls and vicinity. Whether he has or not. his observation from Falls View, on the 
 Canada side, will be of material .vssistance by fixing the salient |x>ints securely in his mind. 
 
 Nor docs it matter <m) much as in Trollopc's time upon which side of the river the visitor shall 
 take up his quarters, lie said, "I would send Americans to the Can.idian si<lc, because 
 they dislike walking: but Knglish people I would locate on the American side, seeing that 
 they are generally .nccustomed to the frequent use of their own legs." There is much force 
 in this advice, although the conditions have been materially altered or modified since it w.is given. 
 The construction of the suspension f«x>t and carriage bridge .icros* the ch.-ism from I'rospcct I'ark, 
 on the American, to a point near the Clifton Mouse, on the Canada side, has made it easy to pass 
 from one to the other. Still, there are considerable distances to be traversed, and, although 
 Americans of both sexes are much better pedestrians than they were a generation ago, the visitor 
 will find carri.iges necessary to reach the more distant p<iints. But in the immediate vicinity of 
 the Falls the visitor should trust to his own powers of locomotion. 
 
 The matter of location, therefore, becomes largely a question of c<»nvcnience, and the 
 visitor from the East will naturally stop in the town on the American side, making his choice 
 between the great International, which has become a famous meeting place for conventions of 
 
1ICHIGAN CENTRAL DEPOT AND THE 
 
all kind".; the Cataract llmi K^pids. still, as of old, a favorite resort; the Kalten- 
 
 bach. «iuiel. of furcii;n as|>cct and unrivalled cuisine, or the I'rosjHrct House, Knj;lish and aris- 
 tocratic, rem<»vcd from the Canada side near the llorse-shoc Fall, when the Oucen Victoria 
 I'.irk W.1S laid out. Hut he who comci from the West, if desirous of utilizinn his time as 
 much as possible, will find it equally convenient to leave the Michi|;an Central train at 
 Niagara Falls, Ontario, and jjo down the steep paved street to the Clifton House, which 
 stands in a commanding iMisition on the edge of the clifl directly in front of the American 
 Fall on one side and the Horse-shoe Fall in full view. In fact, no other buildint;, unless it 
 be the old stone museum building in the park, affords any such superb and beautiful view's 
 as one obtains from the windows and the broad verandas of the Clifton H">use. 
 
 THE CANADA SIDE 
 
 Arrived, then, at the Clifton Mouse, let us suggest that the time will not be wasted if the 
 visitor scats himself near the corner €»f one of these broad, old-fashioned verandas until the 
 hour for breakfast or for dinner, as the case may l)c. and leisurely scans the scenes before 
 him. A good opera or field-glass will be found quite useful — scarcely less so, in fact, at 
 Niagara, than a pair of stout, serviceable, comfortable shoes. And. indeed, these adjectives 
 shoiiKl .ipply as well to all i,'armcnts. Kiii>. b\ .ill iiu.inv v<>ur fine clothes for the hotel 
 
DSOR AND THE TRANSFER STEAMER 
 
parlur-. i>r iimiiii; roiuii-., mit wi-.ir siicn .i|i|i.ifi i m )<>iii 
 
 and rambles that 
 
 no apprehension of ill results frt»m sun, du*t. or spray. 
 
 Your meal over, start out upon your explorations. Unless you are a good |>edcstrian, 
 enij.igc your carriage and make your bargain clear and distinct, that no difference may arise 
 when yi»u come to settle. And here let us say that the hackman of Niagara Kails has become 
 a standard subject for the joker and alleged humorist, with the nifithcr-in-law, the plumber, 
 the ice-man, and the hotel clerk — and wi>m about as threadbare. The fact is that he is no 
 more clamorous, persistent, or extortionate than his city brother — probably less so. His rates 
 are limited by ordinances that arc rigorously enfttrccd by the authorities, and the visitor wh.i 
 cannot trust himself to make a t>argain with him should n<»t travel without a guardian. That 
 the traveler may know what the rates and fees are, we give them on the following page. 
 
 Mut yi>u do not want your carriage until you have reached the Morse-shoe Falls beyond 
 Table Kock, for until you come to that p<iint you want to proceed leisurely and stop at a 
 do/.en places as the desire may seize you. So instruct your driver to await you there and 
 walk on through the gates and into the Queen Victoria Niagara Falls Park across the road. 
 
 Following the cliff walk you will not fail to stop a few moments at Ramblers' Rest, 
 directly opposite the American Fall; Inspiration Point opposite the northern end of (ioat 
 Island, and again at Table Rock, at the very end of the Horse-shoe Falls. There is a con- 
 stant variation in the views, but all are beautiful and grand. If the wind be from the east 
 or south ■ 'If in a mist or rain of spray as you approach the Horse- 
 
HE CANADA SIDE 
 
MI'SMION KKKIS KA ri:s ANI» Tol.I.S. 
 
 ■ml (trcM), . . ti.oo 
 
 I v in.! ilrrx*. C'aii.iiU - ,50 
 
 SO 
 
 ,;o 
 
 w .50 
 
 . . .:5 
 • > Utr iwo-hone camajje, ij 
 
 !■: 10 
 
 I '•(( U any f>r every poim o( inlerat. ami 
 
 -. »5 
 
 '■ Kailwav lo llnnedtoe Kalbk. landini; <>n Canada <Hle and return. . .;o 
 •'" Ki-'imY Company, (font .SoWien' Mftnunienl. Niagara KalK. to 
 
 I' .!U» V' 
 
 I I Su«pen)unn llridKC ami llctrae-car line. . 
 
 koiin.! inji (•> Wtrrljxi;. Ainrr,. .in -Ar. vi.i hi.rw- .ir ami tranvler camage». ~. 
 
 KATKS OF KAKK M I.O\VK.I> IIV LAW IN TIIK VII.I.Al.K OF NIAGARA FAIUS, N \ 
 'Hffi mtrrr aw ftfrrii (*mlnnl h mth/.- /. 
 
 For rarryins onr ; ir.nn one plare lo anmher in the villaKC. 
 
 I arh arlrtitir.nn! ; ........ 
 
 I ' .r from any point in ihi* lillaKc lo any point 
 
 I 00 
 
 1 50 
 
 For ' ' any point within five 
 
 miles ol liir Minus ..I uir ^ ...i.;r. .u iiir rAir <>■ gi ^o i,,r r.i. !i ri..iir •. ■ ii;>i<-,i. rx, r;u in.ti in c\rry inMance where such 
 
 carriage shall be drawn by a single horse the fare therefor shall be at the rate of $ixw frx each hour occupied. 
 
PASSING GLIMPSE AT THE AMERICAN FALL 
 
shoe Fall, hut wiili tli< precautions v«r have su^yrstcd you will inxl thi> litit .1 Itilltn^ .innoy- 
 ancc. If the visit be made in the afternoon, as indeed it should, you will have the sun more 
 or less at your back, li^'htini; up spray and falling water with sparkling; brilliancy and jMinl- 
 in(; prismatic rainbows upon them. In fact, should your visit be made in the morning, we 
 would recommend that this route be reversed and the walk from the l''alls to the Clifton 
 House be taken after dismissing; the carriage at Table KiKk. 
 
 I'rocurint; a water-prfHjf suit and a Ruide at the Table RckW House, you descend the hy- 
 draulic elevator to the river-side and pavs behind the watery veil of the end of the Horse- 
 shiH.- Kail. The charge is but fifty cents, including attendance, and the experience a unit|ue 
 one not to be omitted. Standing just outside, the flood seems to pour down out of the very 
 sky. Nowhere else, probably, docs one gain such an idea of the heighth of the Cataract, for 
 the view from above tends to dwarf the fall. Nowhere else is the fall more ijowerful to the 
 senses. Passing within the cavern that the waters have excavated from the soft strata of 
 crumbling shale beneath the hard ledge of lime-stone over which the Cataract pours, wc see 
 that it probably extends behind the entire fall, but at last a thin column of water falls across 
 the path, preventing further entrance. With any reasonable amount of discretion, and the 
 presence of the stalwart and experienced guide, there is really no danger, but one feels power- 
 less in the presence of raging winds and waters. Professor Tyndall. who has penetrated as 
 far as anyone, speaks of the buffeting of the air as indescribable, the effect being like actual 
 blows with the fist, and Trollope's description is equally graphic. 
 
THE AMERICAN FALL FROM THE CANADA SIDE. 
 
ki-tiiriiiiiu; ti> llu- ri',iliii> iif il.iyli^lit .iiitl llic ii|ijifr air, one finds the leisurely tlrixo from 
 TaWc Rock through the upper portion of the Oucen Victoria I'ark a ver)' deli|;htrul one, 
 following the shore of the river aton^; the ra^jin^;, tumbling; Kapiiis which descend fifty-five 
 feet in thrce-<]uartcni of a mile. Cedar Inland, uliicli wages a constant strife witli the destruc- 
 tive flooti, is travcr»cd, and near the up|>cr end of the I'ark, we come to a fjroup of charming 
 httic islands that have been renamed in honor of Lord DufTerin. Here the carriage should 
 be left for a beautiful view of the Kapids from the Cascades 1'l.itform. and a ramble through 
 the wDodland mazes an<i by the rippling waters of the islands, just above the DufTerin 
 Islands, on the main land, is the famous Burning Spring, whose waters emit sulphurated- 
 hydri>gen gas burning with a brilliant flame when ignited. One may spend whole days within 
 the limits of the park without exhausting its beauties or its enjoyment. 
 
 A fine commandmg view is obtained from the top of the bluffs, beyond the DufTerin 
 Islands, termed l'rus|>cct Drive, from which you overlook the whole sweep of the river fr<»m 
 Navy IslantI to the gorge below the Falls. To those whr» wouM sec something m«»re than 
 the immediate vicinage of the Falls, and particularly the more distinguished historical land- 
 marks, it will be interesting to continue the drive to the battlefields of Chippewa, three miles 
 above Lundy's I^ne, but a mile and a half west of the l-alls. The return drive sluiuld be 
 made by way of the bluff by the Roman Catholic convent and monastery overlooking Falls 
 View, the magnificent and extensive view from which, with the sun in the western sky, should 
 by no means be omitted. 
 
EAR INSPIRATION POINT. 
 
The river may l> m >iilc by means of the ferry from the landing, 
 
 under the cliff by the Chiton House, or by the Sus|>en«ion Hridjje near by. The bridj;c toll 
 is twenty-five cents each and twenty-five cents extra for a tMo-horM: carriage, and the fine 
 views obtained in croMtng maWe this means of transit very desirable. The drive down the 
 river, however, which most of the way follows the edge of the clifT, two miles to the .Suspen- 
 sion Hridge, is a very agreeable one, passing Wesley Park and affording interesting views from 
 different {Miints of the Falls, the rivrr '^"fr:*", md the Cantilever and Suspension bridges, but 
 the ride up the .American side al- ' ^ not so pleasant. 
 
 TMH AMEHICAN SIDE. 
 
 The union depot of the Michigan Central and the New York Central & Hudson Kivrr 
 Railroads at Niagara FalLs. N. Y., is located on the corner of Falls and Second streets, but 
 two or three blocks from all the principal hotels and but five minutes' walk from I'rospect 
 Park. Into it come through palace cars from Chicago, St. l.ouis, Toledo and Detroit over the 
 former, .ind from New Yi>rk, Moston, Albany, Syracuse. Rochester and ItufTalo over the latter, 
 as well as from Portland, the White Mountains. Norwood and Cl.iyton over the Rome, Water- 
 town & Ogdensburgh Railroad in the summer season. Miller's carriages, omnibuses and 
 transfer wagons are in attcnd.incc upon the arriv.il ..f all trains, and have fixed and >tatL«l 
 
HE CANTILEVER BRIDGE OF THE MICHIGAN CENTRAL. 
 
I»riccs for all sn.,vi^. i »^ ....v.v,,.i,, ...^ ...-. ;*...>.. o( mIumii HowclU wrote in ///</r It'n/- 
 ding Journey, "I do not know how much of their content w.i» tluc to the fact lh.it they 
 ^Ma>il and iMbch had suffered no sort of wronu there, from those wht> are apt to j«rey upon 
 travelers, yet their actual experience wa» great reasonableness and facile c«intentmcnt with 
 the sum agreed u|)on." The visitor will also find at the entrance* to the S}ate Reservation, 
 neat |>ark phaetons which make the circuit for a fare of ten cents, or upon payment of 
 twenty-five cents will issue the fMssenger a coupon ticket enabling him to 'stop over at the 
 various |M>ints of interest en route. These will be found very convenient as cheap, yet we 
 cannot too strongly reiterate that he who can do so should trust to his own legs as much as 
 IKtssible in the immediate vicinity of the Falls. You cannot get close to N;Uure unless your 
 feet are on the earth, ./ 
 
 The central point, and that from which you are to Ix-gin your intimate i|^i|uaintancc with 
 Ni.i^ar.k i-'alls, is Iris or Goat Island. Walk out on the State Reservation by the river 
 b.»nk opposite the Hotel Kaltenbach and see the American Rapids hurrying to the fall. 
 How they plunge and rush and foam, like frightened steeds I Here you begin to appreciate 
 the resistless power of the waters. How futile would be all human strength and effort 
 here! .Xs you walk on down the stream, past the Cataract House, the descent is greater, and 
 the waters rush more swiftly, throwing high in air jets and masses of spray that glitter in the 
 bright sunlight like drops of molten silver or of crystal. Here wc come to the bridge leading 
 I.inds, and, pausing after entering upon it, lean upon the upper railing and look the 
 
HE RAPIDS ABOVE THE AMERICAN FALL AND BRIDGE, SISTER ISLANDS 
 
down-rushin^; turrciU lull in the i.icc. li is iKMutitui. tins clear, pure, cold tin.i.i tri.it has 
 come ilown from the depths of the great lakes — silver)' white where shattered into foam, pale 
 Urcen verging into emerald in its deeper masses, dark and cold in its dee|>er shadows. It is 
 wildly mai;nificent as we look far up the long incline and watch it «lash wildly, impetuously, 
 down to us, until we feel its motion, and fear for the bridge upon which we stand. 
 
 It is time to |>ass on, to cross liath Island, where stood the paper mill, when the island 
 was private property, and then over a narrow arm of the river to (ioat Island, which separates 
 the .\mcrican from the llorsc-shoe l-all. When first occupied, it was sup]>osed to be nearly 
 a hundred acres in e.xtent, but the ice and frost and floods of a humlred years have worn 
 away more or less from its western side, where of late years even the driveway has been 
 encroached upon, and its present area is sixty-two acres. The greater portion is covered by 
 fine old maples and elms, and smoothtrunked Inreches bearing the scars of vandalism, whose 
 wounds the kindly touch of Nature has healed. These cool, quiet forest aisles — silent but for 
 the twitter and song of birds, the scampering of frisky scjuirrcls and the music of the great 
 cataract — are carpeted by a wondcrfidly varied flora, and one can readily imn'^tnr himself f.ir 
 from the busy haunts of man. 
 
 From the end of the bridge by which we come upon the island cs to the 
 
 Sister Islands on the western side, and two others diverge to the right .mil kft to make the 
 circuit of the island near its f>utcr edge. He not in too great haste to seek the greater and 
 deeper mysteries of the great cataract. Turn, therefore, to the left and soon descend a steep 
 
path to a clc.i.. i •• „ • ■ ■'■^'- bluff, mid a tangled wilderness <if trees and vines. 
 
 The waters have washed away the loose earth, leaving the long r<H>ts curiously clinging, as if 
 in terror, to the bare rock* to keep from being carried away by the insatiable rapids, charm- 
 ing glimpses i>f which we catch now and then .1* we follow the path* along the edge until 
 we have mounted the bluff again into the o|)en ground near the head of the rapids. \Vc soon 
 reach the head of the island, where the shoal water gently ripples over the gravel as if no 
 thought of wild waywardne** had come to it. Far above stretches the river, broad and 
 smooth as a lake, with Grand Island in the distance. 
 
 Not far from the head of Goat Island, in the cool shade of the forest, we come to a bridge 
 leading to the first Sister Island, beyond which is the second and the third, with swift rushing 
 streams and beautiful cascades between, spanned by bridges, light an<l graceful enough in ap|X'ar- 
 ance, yet strong enough in reality. The trees u|)on them are gnarled and twisted as if by 
 constant storm-struggles; the vines and undergrowth are wild and tangled; the rocks are bare, 
 and worn l)\ ice and flood for countless ages. From the outer one is gained, we think, the 
 fiiK^t views of the Kapitis, reaching away over to the Canada shore. At what seems to be 
 but a short distance away is what is called .Spouting Rock -^ not that there is any rock there, 
 but the effect of the down-rush of the waters at that point, with probable collision of cros.s- 
 mrrcnts. dashes the water on high, perhaps twenty feet or more, in a grand sheaf of spray that 
 lias induced the popular title. The charm and fascination of these little islands increase with 
 ever)' visit, and when the mind has been overburdened by •'• ■' immensity and grandeur 
 
of the Falls themselves, or by the scn*c of awful, remorseless violence that long contemplation 
 of the Whirlpool Rapids protluccs, you will delight to repair to these wave %vashcd rocks and 
 soothe the spirit by their cool shadows, the rushing and the sparkle of the rapids, and the 
 distant music of the great cataract. 
 
 " But," to use Trollopc's language, "wc will go at once on to the glorj- ami the thunder, and 
 the majesty, and the wrath of the upper hell of water*." Rccrossing the briilges to (ioat Island 
 wc follow the road leading along near the edge of the bluff overlooking the Kapids until wc come 
 to the end or corner of the island, where a long flight of stairs goes down to the edge of the 
 llorse-shoe Fall. This is sometimes called the Canadian Fall, but incorrectly, since the inter- 
 national boundar)- line follows the middle of the princi|>al current. *' From hence across to 
 the Can.idian side the cataract continues itself in one unabated line. Hut the line is ver)' far 
 from iK-ing direct or straight. After stretching for some little way from the shore to a point 
 in the river which is reached by a wotnlen bridge, the line of the ledge bends inwards 
 against the florxl. — in. and in, and in, till one is led to think that the depth of that hcjrsc- 
 slioc is immeasurable, and that he can scarcely trace out the center of the abyss. 
 
 "(io down to the end of that wooden bridge, seat yourself on the rail, and there sit till 
 all the outer world is lost to you. There is no grander spot about Niagara than this. The 
 waters are absolutely around you. If you have that power of eye-control which is so necessary 
 to the full enjoyment of scenery you will sec nothing but the water. Vou will certainly hear 
 n>''"" • ■■' •• (■-■" ••••■ ■■■■nl is melodious, and soft withal. thouj,'li ' i i- 'iitinder. \'ou will 
 
not sec the whole depth of the fall. That converging; rush of waters in.iy f.iil down into a 
 hell of rivers for what the eye can Mre. It i« glorious to watch them in their first curve 
 over the rocks. They come green as a bank of emeralds; but with a fitful, flying color, as 
 though conscious that in one moment more they would be dashed into spray and rise into 
 air, pale as driven snow. The vapor rises high into the air, and is gathered there, visible 
 always as a permanent white cloud over the cataract : but the bulk of the spray which fills 
 the lower hollow of that horsc-shoc is like a tumult of snow. That which at first was only 
 great and beautiful, bccoiii' ^:ime, till the mind io at a loss to find an epithet 
 
 for its own use." 
 
 Climbing the stairs a^,'.iiti ir..m iirr.ipm Kocks to (io.it Island you follow the path or 
 drive along the cliff, from which you look down two hundred feet into the boiling and foam- 
 ing waters below the Falls .ind .icross the chasm to the Can.ida shore, and at the northeast 
 corner of the island come to another stairway descending to Luna Island. Standing at the top, 
 or on a platform at an angle of this stairway, you overlook the .American and Luna Falls, 
 with the green background of Prospect Park and the village of Ni.igara F*alls to the right. 
 Directly in front the Suspension foot-bridge spans the chasm like a web of gossamer, and 
 beyond it stretches the narrow gorge to the Cantilever Bridge in the distance. 
 
 The .American Fall, shorn of its magnitude to some extent after seeing the other, is still 
 by itself one of the greatest in the world and possesses peculiar beauties of its own. Being 
 a few feet hi^jher than the llorsc-shoc, the depth and <iii.i!itity of water that passes over it is 
 
THE WHIRLPOOL RAPIDS FROM THE AMERICAN SIDE 
 
nut sii ;;re.H, and t.. ... ,. . . ,..- ;,uincr arc lacking; licrc. It k-'" ""llinc, 
 
 however, is year by year approaching the horse-shoe curvature, and itH most conspicuous fea- 
 ture is its ^othic tracer)' of purc*Ht white »* it seem* to l»e broken into spray almost from the 
 very ed^c. It is from this |>oint, too, when you have the sun behind you, that you see, 
 always one, uftcii tw ■. - •iiictiincs three rainbows at once, on the spray that rises from below, 
 but painted with . la vivid slrcn^h of color that you have probably never seen 
 
 elsewhere. Vou u to go down on I.una Island and stand almost on the brink of 
 
 the fall as it plunges into mid air. 
 
 Keasccnding the stairway you will perceive near by a little house, which fonns the entrance 
 to Kiddie's Staircase. .Arraying yourself in oilskins you descend this staircase to the rocks at 
 the foot of Goat Island, whence you may pass behind the I.una Fall into the famous Cave 
 of the Winds, and out upon plank walks that have been constructed on the rocks in front of 
 the .American Falls. Vou will be drenched and half blinded by the spray, but the experience 
 will amply repay you for the necessary exertion and discomfort. 
 
 Keturning to the main land by the bridge over which you came, you follow the river 
 bank by the rapids, through Fros|)ect Park, now admirably laid out and magnificently shaded 
 by fine old forest trees, to Prospect Point, at the eastern extremity of the American l-'all. 
 I-'rom here and other points along the low stone parapet on the edge of the cliff, you get 
 splendid views, not only of the fall at your feet, but beyond the rocky front of Goat Island, 
 of the magnificent sweep of the great llorsc-shoc. It is a panorama so extensive and grand 
 
iiim 11^ ^ ♦ ' 
 
 ■JTER GARB. ICE MOUNTAIN, FOOT OF AMERICAN FALL, AND THE HORSESHOE 
 
in its proportions that you want time in which to take in the innumerable details and beau- 
 ties and effects that make up the stupendous whole. 
 
 In a little house near by in the park you will gain entrance to an inclined railway, oper- 
 ated by water-power, and perfectly safe. V'ou scat yourself in the car and a smooth an«l rapid 
 descent brmgs you to the bottom of the cliff, in a building; which protects you from the 
 weather and the spr.iy. and which also contains dressing rooms, in which you may clothe your- 
 self in oilskins if you wish. Should the wind be in the right direction, however, you may 
 climb the rocks at the foot of the American Fall without discomfort, and, lookjng up. see the 
 great white flood pouring down as if from the vcrj- heavens. 
 
 Just below the foot of the inclined railway is the wharf of the Maid of the Mist. Seat 
 yourself on her hurricane deck, shrouded in the oilskins that will now be quite familiar to 
 you, and do not mind the gusts of wind th.it will blow from every direction and cover you 
 with cool spray. Slowly the staunch little boat stem^ the boiling current, passing along the 
 front of the .American Fall and Goat Island until, through the whirling clouds of spray, you 
 look up. far up. to the great emerald sheet that pours over the Horse-shoe. You sec it for a 
 moment, grand and beautiful in its mysterious environment, when the curtain of spray hides 
 it again. Vou feci the boat struggling with the foaming waters and trembling as they b<>il up 
 furiously under and around her. Then, as if seeking only to escape, she wheels about and 
 flies down stream with the swift current, a landing is made on the Canada side, and the river 
 is recrosscd, with the slender threads of the Suspension F'oot-bridge far above. 
 
AMERICAN FALLS IN WINTER, FROM CANADA SIDE, 
 
,\l)out tu the Falls arc llu- Whirlpool Kapids, scarcely less wonder- 
 
 ful than the Falls t 1 tiey arc seen to the best advantage from the American side, 
 
 !li..ii-li t!u- (luans i>t tiic Canada side are more convenient and agreeable. Mere the 
 
 itractcd that it is, as it were, on edge, its depth being greater than its width, 
 .,'rrnt velocity do the waters pour down the contracted channel that their clcva- 
 fcct higher in the middle than at their sides. Bigot compares the scene 
 iic Iron Gates, but says that in c<imparison with Niagara the Danube is 
 .uclul avulct. 
 
 : farther holnw is the Whirlpool itself, where the river makes a sharp angle to tlic rit;ht 
 
 cky defile between Oueenston and I.ewiston. These points should 
 
 k Central train to I.ewiston. or the Michigan Central train on its 
 
 \i.it;ir.. I>i\ .nd Niagara-on-thc-Lake. a delightful resort on the shore «)f 
 
 I.akc dntari. :lie river, where connection is made with fine steamers for 
 
 r.....n; 
 
 1- -.ly that it is a great mistake to hurry and hasten at Niagara. Every 
 
 mile i.i til. luii iioM. i>iitTalo to Fort Niagara is full of beauty, grandeur and picturcsque- 
 iRSS. Sec .-ill you can. therefore, and see much of it as often as you can, and so leisurely 
 th.it your eye and mind m-iy become thoroughly in accord with the spirit of nature in its 
 in.iny varied manifestations. And so will you carry away a wealth of memories that will 
 ,i,r;.i, ,n.l ,1,11'lif v.iur recollections forever. 
 
_ _'reel of evejy de^cnpliof\ "^ ^ \;^\ 
 
 W^forofi^ ,|olle^,6rc.;ifo aiiyirrT^orMcle desired 
 
Jl>^^ 
 
 Matthews.Northrup & Co. 
 
 BUFFALO • NEW YORK. • 
 
 MADE THIS BOOK 
 
 
 
 ^Jtiii ^7#' jymdiit^ 
 
 
7%\ 
 
 ^il wheel? ^;t^ 
 
 
 L .,-=*«■' J haLlw,/ 'fl)„ . ^^1 THE PHCB.TIN MACHINE ^QBKS. Buf .«^0 N V. ., S . 
 
 
 (ji-rii't; 
 
 r'^ibiUtd P^^lOOO CAR WHEELS- 100 TONS IRON CASTINGS -75 TONS IRON'»r<»STEEL FORQfNQS 
 
 Iheire^^ 
 
,^UrACTURlNG Co U 
 
 Sl#?*'^f 
 
 "* THE UNITED STAtt^ 
 
 ■m OTHER SPECIALTIES. «- 
 
 Shift anJ Hi.ll Br.iss. Bra>s R-kIv 
 
 Br.i>s and Coppi-r Wire, 
 Brass and Iron Jaik-Chain, . 
 Copp-r Rivi-ts and Burs, Brass Butt Hin;;i- 
 
 .,» Brass Curtain and Pnk- Trimminjis, 
 
 / iJrawir Pulls. 
 
 Harnt'ss Trimmint;s and Sk-ijjh Btlls. 
 
n 
 
 r^ 
 
 1 
 
 
 -.^ HARTFORD, CONN. 
 
 U.S.A. 
 
 * ^ -^ DESIGN AND MANUFACTURE 
 
 MACHINE TOOLS 
 
 FOR GENERAL AND SPECIAL SERVICE 
 
 In Machine, Raitoay and Agricultural Implement Shops. 
 The Hill improved Automatic grain scales. 
 
 Special attention given to production of STANDARD SIZE GAUGES, REAMEKS, AND U. S. STAND- 
 ARD THREAD TAPS, DIES, Etc 
 
 This Company has furnished extensive plaMs to the UNITED STATES, FRENCH, RUSSIAN, 
 PRUSSIAN and OTHER GOVERNMENTS, for the manufacture of FIRE-ARMS, and to many private 
 corporations making SEWING MACHINES, BICYCLES, Etc.. Etc. 
 
,^^-"X 
 
 \ N C W VO R K / 
 
 ^'l'irl(.rOr'|;"U,f 
 
 • 
 
 *nT OM. •»« a thild. c«f> pl«T H 
 
 o mutual abllllt rMtulrwl IK. mo*l d.» 
 
 .1 mut.c r.nd.r.d p«r«.<ll» -Ith .a.« 
 
 K., Board «m, at olh»r Organt 
 
 ■ »lai»<c allathmanl opcraUl Indapan- 
 
 1., upon all th. r—d. 
 
 
 . .d al |K« will of Ih. paHormar 
 
 Thaaa organ, ara capaMa o« pro 
 
 duclxc tha mu%lcal .ffact of a «uM or. 
 
 chaalra of »lrlng.d In.lrumanl.. 
 
 Mada In Ih. upright .l,l.« of organ 
 
 and piano ca>.>. In mahogany, oak. «ralni.I. 
 
 and »anc» <.ood> of luparlor d.%lgn and 
 
 ftnlth 
 
 •and for circular of l.rmt and 
 convincing laallmenlaU from 
 
-I />«\ANUFACTURERS or ^ 
 
 ^A REDUCING PRESSURE VALVE 
 AND STEAM TRAP ^ 
 
 HEATED; 
 
 O) 
 
 pf„pii«««^-''-^ 
 
 -fe 
 
 Boston a Albany, 
 
 New York Central & Hudson River, 
 
 Dunkirk, Allegheny Valley & Pittsb., 
 
 Kings County Elevated, 
 
 Lake Shore & Michigan Southern, 
 
 Detroit, Lansing 4 Northern, 
 
 Michigan Central, 
 
 Clev., Col.. Cincinnati & Indianapolis, 
 
 Elmira, Cortland i Northern, 
 
 BR^SS AND IRON steAm fittings etc. 
 
 West Shore, "V?^ '>(\<.«~^.'^^i\iu£>. 
 
 New York, Susquehanna i Western,\.^\v v i^ -^x^A ->t^ 
 
 Fall Brook, \ %/" "^ .»»^cV^VXt«. , 
 
 Beech Creek, \\ c)t'i\AViL';\\- 
 
 Cleveland & Canton, ^"^^ - 
 
 Buffalo, Rochester &, Pittsburgh, 
 
 Providence &, Worcester, 
 
 Long Island, 
 
 Northern Central Div. Pennsylvania 
 
'^^J^: 
 
 
 /S/ ^rodduai/^ near CortJandf 
 
 /7'S ancf /SO nfth /f\e.,btt2t*indi5'^ Sts 
 
 (tyVG>r York, 
 
 S/4 Chestnut St, Philade/pbia. 
 Palmer //ouse,— Ct 'r^f/o. 
 
 
 nileiiipn 
 
 LADIES' 
 Wa L K I N^ j-^-^ - s^l D I N G 
 
 The Dunino S.Ik Umbrella 
 
^^^^^^ 
 
 JiNSU RANGE. 
 '' COMPANY 
 
 THIRTEEN MILLIDN DOLLARS 
 
 1^' 
 
 A 
 
 CvlSH C.lJ»7Taf. SoOO.OOO.OO 
 
 Keseri-e for h7/ I^lalillitles 1.4.SO.i>,'»5. 1 1 
 
 JVet Siir/jJijs .•i7.q..?^o.ge 
 
 TOTAI^ ASS/iTS, January 1st, 1S«» ^-J.SGO.l 35.37 
 
 PETER NOTMAN, PRESIDENT. THOS. F. GOODRICH, Vice-Pres. 
 
 West Poluock, StcnET.nv. Geo. C. Howe, Ass t Sechetaby. 
 DIKSCXORS. 
 JOHN TAYLOR JOHNSTON, PETER NOTMAN, J. HERBERT JOHNSTON, 
 
 DAVID STEWART, JAMES W. ELVVELL, AUSTIN CORBIN, 
 
 WM. H. WISNER, THOMAS G. RITCH, GEO. A. HALSEV, 
 
 EDWARD L. HEDDEN, THOS. F. GOODRICH, CHAS. B. HARWELL, 
 
 JAMES R. TAYLOR, WM. E. TEP-^T, DUMONT CLARKE, 
 
iBHARY OF CONGRESS 
 
 014 221 241 9