if y/y .(^ 
 
 --^ . ::;' 
 
 ' 41BRART Mahbai«« ' 
 Umiieb States Histori 
 
 « W, C. LANSD0H 
 
LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. 
 
 Shelf ,...^.-'^- 
 
 ^ OF AMERICA. 
 
 UNITED STATES 
 
fl LIBRARY MANUAL 
 
 OF THE- 
 
 CONSTITUTIONAL AND POLITICAL 
 
 HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES 
 
 WITH OUTLINES, REFERENCES AND TABLES. 
 
 AN ADAPTATION OF THE LABORATORY METHOD 
 
 OF INVESTIGATION, 
 
 For tie Use of Stnlenfs of llnllefl Slates History. 
 
 BY 
 
 W, C. IvANSDON, 
 
 Professor of History in the Kansas Normal College, 
 Fort Scott, Kansas. 
 
 ,.,.<5^ Of Cl"^ 
 
 ^VN 26 1894 
 
 FORT SCOTT, KANSAS. 
 
 Published by W. C. I/Ansdon. 
 1894. 
 
Press of 
 
 [Copyrighted, 1893, by W. C. Lansdon.] 
 .2. ■ 
 
 Monitor Hook *t Pkintinc, Co.. Fort Scott. Kansis. 
 
INXROI3UCTION. 
 
 Constant progress in the science of education and constant improve- 
 ment in the art of teaching have made it necessary to revise, and 
 sometimes to discard methods of study and instruction long held to be 
 superior. The prominent place of the natural sciences in all the 
 accepted schemes of modern education has made the laboratory and its 
 methods familiar to most teachers and students. The excellence of the 
 laboratory system of instruction is proved by the satisfactory results 
 obtained by its use. Sciences which had always been excluded from the 
 school room on account of their inherent difficulties have become 
 favorite subjects of study. Students who had always been unable to 
 attain even common-place proficiency in the learning of the text books 
 have been converted by the laboratory into earnest and successful 
 searchers after knowledge. 
 
 Thoughtful teachers, observing the success of the method of investi- 
 gation in the sciences, soon began to use it in other departments of 
 instruction. They have succeeded so well that its extension is now 
 desired by all students of the art of teaching. New life and renewed 
 enthusiasm have been infused into the instruction and acquisition of 
 many subjects whose study, under the old system, had become perfunc- 
 tory and unprofitable. 
 
 In the universities and colleges, history was one of the first branches 
 to benefit from the reform. Young professors, returning from Germany, 
 imbued with the enthusiasm for careful and scientific research that 
 prevails in the great continental universities introduced the seminar and 
 the laboratory into the new history courses recently offered by all our 
 higher institutions of education. Men have learned that there is as 
 much fascination in conducting a research in history as in chemistry 
 — frequently the results are more valuable. But the reform has made 
 itself felt but slowly and feebly in schools of elementary and secondary 
 rank. The dry-as-dust text books and monotonous daily recitation of the 
 same committed to memory have remained in the high schools, normal 
 schools and smaller colleges. 
 
 This book is an attempt to adapt the new method in history to 
 the work of schools that have the means and the time to use the 
 methods of the university. The outline and references indicate the 
 nature of the work that may be done. The reading is assigned by 
 
4 Libra^'y Manual of United States History. 
 
 topic and the references are set opposite the subjects to be discussed in 
 order that neither time nor energy may be wasted in searching through 
 many books, or many parts of one book, for the particular paragraph that 
 may be pertinent to the lesson. Every teacher of history has been hin- 
 dered by the tendency of his students to accept as true beyond question, 
 the conclusions of the author of the text book used. This method 
 requires every student to read several writers on each subject of im- 
 portance. vSuch reading necessarily discovers a great diversity of 
 opinion among men, each one of whom is, in some measure, an author- 
 ity. The student, in reading and comparing so many different views, is 
 ultimately compelled to think for himself. This independent thinking 
 he does from such data and in such manner that his conclusions, crude 
 though they may be, are far more valuable to him than the ready-made 
 opinions of any man however great. By this method the learner's mind 
 is not only informed, but what is better, it is trained and disciplined into 
 the invaluable habits of comparison, analysis, and generalization. The 
 power of bold, original and vigorous thought is developed. 
 
 In addition to the careful reading of the required references and 
 thoughtful discussion of the work by the class, each student should be 
 required to present from three to five essays on themes selected by the 
 teacher. These should be criticised by the instructor, revised by the 
 writer, and afterwards read and discussed in the class if time permits. 
 In study, notes should be made, but not at such length as to use very 
 much time. A student can usually gain more by a few moments' serious 
 thought on a point that seems to be of special importance than by 
 making a note which, in most cases, is never read. The blank pages 
 in the Manual are entirely inadequate to the exigencies of copious note- 
 making. They are intended for additional references and to preserve 
 any matter especially pertinent to the topic on the opposite page. 
 
 The course is divided into fifty parts. Each of these divisions can be 
 subdivided into as many lessons as the time given to the subject permits. 
 Very satisfactory work can be done in a course of one hundred daily 
 lessons. One hour should be given to the recitation, two hours to prepar- 
 ation. The familiar aids and arts of the history teacher should all be 
 employed to increase the interest in the work. Maps, charts, diagrams, 
 pictures, coins, curiosities, and whatever will awaken interest and 
 provide instruction should be properly used. 
 
 The library may be large or small — the larger the better. But lack 
 of books need not long prevent any high school or normal school historj- 
 teacher from adopting this method. Fifty dollars expended for books 
 carefully selected from the works cited in this Manual will provide an 
 equipment with which effective work can be done. It is believed that 
 this course in the constitutional and political history of the United 
 States, following the careful study of some standard text book, will 
 
Library Manual of United States History 5 
 
 revive interest in American history in those secondary schools where 
 there now seems to be a tendency to neglect it in favor of other subjects 
 of far less importance in the education of good citizens. 
 
 These outlines and references have been used for five years with grati- 
 fying success. Students who have done the work required have learned 
 to think for themselves, have acquired systematic habits of research, 
 have grown familiar with a large number of the best historical books, 
 and have become well informed in the constitutional history of the 
 republic. This Manual is nowprinted with the hope that it may assist in 
 the promotion of right methods of historical study among a class of 
 students who can not profit from the progress of the universities. 
 
 While intended, primarily, for the use of teachers and students of 
 history in the schools, it is believed that this book will be of great value 
 to all who have a taste for American history and can obtain access to the 
 authors cited. In the selection of works of reference care has been taken 
 to use for the most part books that are generally easily accessible, and 
 are not very expensive. Most of them will be found in every school or 
 public library, and a large proportion of them in many private collec- 
 tions. The general reader is heartily welcome to the use of this book, 
 but the chief hope of the writer is that it may teach the teacher to use 
 the library as the history student's laboratory 
 
LIBRARY MANUAL OF U. S. HISTORY. 
 
 Full Titles of the Books Referred to in the Outlines of 
 
 Constitutional and Political History of the United 
 
 States in the Alphabetical Order of the 
 
 Authors, and Shorter Designations by 
 
 which they have been Cited. 
 
 Adams — The Works of John Adams with a Life of the Author; by his 
 
 grandsou, Charles Francis Adams. 12 Vols. Little, Brown & 
 
 Co., Boston, 1S5O. 
 Adams— John Randolph, by Henry Adams; Houghton, Mifflin 6c Co., 
 
 Boston, 1889. 
 Andrews— Manual of the Constitution of the United States, by Israel 
 
 Ward Andrews. Van Antwerp, Bragg & Co., Cincinnati, O., 1893. 
 Atlantic— The Atlantic Monthly, published by Houghton, Mifflin & 
 
 Co., Boston, 1857 93. 
 Arnold — The Life of Abraham Lincoln, by Isaac N. Arnold; McClurg & 
 
 Co., Chicago, 1887. 
 Barnes — History of the Thirty-ninth Congress of the United States, by 
 
 William H. Barnes. 
 Barnes — A Popular History of the United States, by J. Dormau Steele, 
 
 New York, 1890. 
 Barnes — A Brief History of the United States, by J. Dorman Steele, New 
 
 York, 1885. 
 Barrows— Oregon. The Struggle for Possession, by William Barrows. 
 
 Houghton, Mifflin & Co., Boston, 1888. 
 Bancroft — History of the United States of America from the Discovery 
 
 of the Continent, by George Bancroft. 6 Vols. D. Appleton & 
 
 Co.. New York, 1890. 
 Barrett— Life of Abraham Lincoln, by Joseph H. Barrett, New York, 
 
 1865. 
 Barnard— Civil Service Reform vs. The Spoils System, by George S. 
 
 Barnard, New York, 18S5. 
 Beers — Initial Studies in American Letters, by Henry A. Beers, Chau- 
 tauqua Press, New York, 1891. 
 Benton — Thirty Years' View, or, The Working of the American Govern- 
 ment from 1S20 to 1850, by a Senator for thirty years. 2 Vols. 
 
 D. Appleton 6s: Co., New York, 1891. 
 
Library Manual of United States History. 7 
 
 Blaine — Twenty Years of Congress from Lincoln to Garfield, with a 
 Review of the Events which led to the Political Revolution 
 of i860, by James G. Blaine. 2 Vols. Henry Bill Publishing 
 Co., Norwich, Conn. 
 
 Bloom — Why we are Democrats, or, The Principles and Policies of the 
 American Democracy, by S. vS. Bloom. Belford & Clark, Chi- 
 cago, 18S5. 
 
 Boyd — Life and Public Services of James G. Blaine, by James G. Boyd. 
 Publishers Union, 1893. 
 
 BoLLES — The Financial History of the United States, by Albert S. Bolles. 
 3 Vols. D. Appleton & Co., New York, 1886. 
 
 Bryant — A History of the United States, by Sidney Howard Gay and 
 William Cullen Bryant. 4 Vols. Scribners, New York, 1883. 
 
 Bryce — The American Commonwealth, by James Bryce. 2 Vols. Mc- 
 Millan & Co., London and New York, 1891. 
 
 Bruce— Life of General Houston, by Henry Bruce. Dodd, Mead & 
 Co., New York, 1891. 
 
 C.ARR — Missouri. A Bone of Contention, by Lucien Carr. Houghton, 
 Mifflin & Co., Boston, 188S. 
 
 Carlyle— Carlyle's Essays; Critical and Miscellaneous. 4 Vols. Hough- 
 ton, Mifflin & Co., Boston, 1880. 
 
 Century — The Century Magazine. 47 Vols. Century Co., New York, 
 1891. 
 
 Century — The Century Dictionary. 6 Vols. Century Co., New York, 
 1893- 
 
 Chittenden — Recollections of Abraham Lincoln and his Administra- 
 tion, by L. E- Chittenden. Harper & Bro., New York, 1891. 
 
 Cheap Money — Cheap Paper Money, Century Co., New York, 1892. 
 
 Curtis — History of the Origin, Formation and Adoption of the Consti- 
 tution of the United States, by George Ticknor Curtis. 2 Vols. 
 Harper & Brothers, New York, 1891. 
 
 CuSHiNG — The Treaty of Washington, by Caleb Cushing. Harper & 
 Brothers, New York, 189 1. 
 
 D.A.VIS — The Rise and Fall of the Confederate Government, by Jefferson 
 Davis. 2 Vols. D. Appleton & Co., Nesv York, 1891. 
 
 De Tocoueville — American Institutions and their Influence, by Alexis 
 De Tocqueville, New York, 1851. 
 
 Draper — History of the American Civil War, by John William Draper. 
 3 Vols. Harptr & Brothers, 1867. 
 
 Ely— The Labor Movement in America, by Richard T. Elv. T. Y. 
 Crowell & Co., New York, 1886. 
 
 Emer.son's Essays — Works of Ralph Waldo Emerson. 11 Vols. Hough- 
 ton, Mifflin & Co., Boston, 1S93. 
 
 Emery — Seven F'inancial Conspiracies which Have Enslaved the 
 American People, by Susan E. V. Jimery, Lansing, 1888. 
 
 Ency. oe Biog. — Encyclopedia of American Biography. 5 Vols. D. 
 Appleton & Co., New York, 1889. 
 
 Ethnology — Fifth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the 
 Secretary of the .Smithsonian Institution, by J. W. Powell. 
 Government Printing Office, Washington, 1887. 
 
lAhrary Mamial of United States JBistwy. 
 
 Federalist — A Collection of Essays, Written in Favor of the New 
 
 Constitution as Agreed Upon by the Federal Convention, Sep- 
 tember 17, 1787. Edited by Henry B. Dawson, Scribners, New 
 
 York, 1S64. 
 FiSKE — The Critical Period of American History, 1783-1789, by John 
 
 Fiske. Houghton, Mifflin & Co., Boston, 1889. 
 FiSKE — The Beginnings of New England, or the Puritan Theocracy in 
 
 its Relation to Civil and Religious Liberty, by John iMske- 
 
 Houghton. Mifflin & Co., Boston, 1889. 
 Fiske — American Political Ideas, by John Fiske. Harper & Brothers, 
 
 New York, 1885. 
 Fiske — Civil Government in America, by John PMske. Houghton, Mifflin 
 
 & Co., Boston, 1893. 
 I'^'UNT — Life of Stephen A. Douglass, by H. ^l. Flint, Philadelphia, 1863. 
 Flower — History of the Republican Party, Embracing its Origin, Growth 
 
 and Mission, by Frank A. Flower, Springfield, 111., 1884. 
 Gay— James IMadison, by Sidney Howard Gay. Houghton, Mifflin & 
 
 Co., Boston, 1S87. 
 GiLLETT — Democracy in the United States; What it has Done, What it is 
 
 Doing, and What it will Do. 
 GiLMAN— James Monroe, by D. C. Gilman. Houghton, Mifflin & Co., 
 
 Boston, 1888. 
 Grant— Personal Memoirs of U. S. Grant. 2 Yols. Charles L. Webster 
 
 & Co., New York, 1S85. 
 Great EvenT.S— The Great Events of the Past Century, by R. M. Devens, 
 
 Chicago, 1881. 
 Great Red Dragon— The Great Red Dragon. The Foreign Money 
 
 Power in the United States, by T. B. Woolfolk. Vincent Bros., 
 
 Winfield, 1890. 
 Greeley— The American Conflict. A History of the Great Rebellion, by 
 
 Horace Greeley. 2 Vols. Hartford, 1S64. 
 Green — A Short History of the English People, by John Richard Green. 
 
 Harper & Brothers, New York, 1888. 
 Harper — Harper's New Monthly Magazine 87 Vols. Harper & Brothers, 
 
 New York, 1850-1S93. 
 Helper— The Impending Crisis of the South, and How to Meet it, by 
 
 Hinton Rowan Helper. A. B. Burdick, New York, i860. 
 
 Herndon— The True Story of a Great Life. The History and Personal 
 
 Recollections of .\braham Lincoln, by William H. Herndon, his 
 
 Friend and Law Partner. 3 Vols. Belford & Clark, Chicago, 1890. 
 Hildreth— The History of the United vStates of America, by Richard 
 
 Hildreth. 6Vols. Harper & Brothers, New York, 1887. 
 IIOLLAND-The Life of Abraham Lincoln, by J.G.Holland. Guerdon 
 
 Bill, Springfield, Mass., 1866. 
 HOSMER— Samuel Adams, by James H. Hosmer. Houghton, Mifflin & 
 
 Co., Boston, 1887. 
 HowLAND— Grant as a Soldier and Statesman, by Edward Howland, 
 
 Hartford, 1868. 
 Irving— The Life of George Washington, by Washington Irving. 4 Vols. 
 
 John B. Aldcn, New York, 1887. 
 
Library Manual of United Stateft History. 9 
 
 Jackson — A Century of Dishonor, by Helen Jackson. Roberts Bros., 
 Boston, 1887. 
 
 Jarvis — A Student's History of France, from the Earliest Times to the 
 Second Empire, by Rev. W. H Jarvis. Harper & Brothers, New 
 York, 1889. 
 
 JEIXY— The Voice of Labor, by S. M. Jelly, Philadelphia, 1888. 
 
 Jenkins — The Life of John Caldwell Calhoun, by John S. Jenkins. 
 Hurst & Co., New York, 1884. 
 
 Jenkins— The Life of Silas Wright, by John S. Jenkins. J. M. Aldeu' 
 Auburn, 1850. 
 
 Johnson — The Trial of Andrew Johnson. 3 Vols. Government Printing 
 House, Washington, 1868. 
 
 Johnson — William Lloyd Garrison and his Times, by Oliver Johnson. 
 Houghton, Mifflin & Co., Boston, 1881. 
 
 Johnston — History of American Politics, by Alexander Johnston. Henry 
 Holt & Co., New York, 1890. 
 
 Johnston — A History of the United States for Schools, by Alexander 
 Johnston. Henry Holt & Co., New York, 1888. 
 
 Ku-Klux Klan — Testimony Taken by the Joint and Select Committee to 
 Inquire into the Condition of Affairs in the late Insurrectionary 
 States. 22 Vols. Government Printing House, Washington, 1872. 
 
 Lai,OR — Cyclopedia of Political Science, Political Economy, and the 
 Political History of the United States, by the best American and 
 European writers. Edited by John J. Lalor. 3 Vols. Melbert 
 B. Cary & Co., Chicago, 1883. 
 
 Lester — Lester's History of the United States, by C. Edward Lester. 2 
 Vols. Collier & Co., New York, 1883, 
 
 Lewis & Ci,arke — History of the Expedition under the Command of 
 Captains Lewis & Clarke. 2 Vols. Harper & Brothers, New 
 York, 1S42. 
 
 Loan Laws — Laws of the United States relating to Loans, Currency, 
 Coinage and Banking. Government Printing House, Washing- 
 ton, 1886. 
 
 Lodge — Life of Daniel Webster. Life of Alexander Hamilton. Life of 
 George Washington. 2 Vols. By Henry Cabot Lodge. Hough- 
 ton, Mifflin & Co., Boston, 1888-1890. 
 
 Lodge — The English Colonies, by Henry Cabot Lodge. Houghton, 
 Mifflin & Co., Boston. 
 
 Logan — The Great Conspiracy, by John A. Logan. New York, 1886. 
 
 Lossing — A Complete History of the United States, by J. A. Spencer- 
 continued by Benson J. Lossing. 4 Vols. 
 
 Lossing— Our Country, by Benson J. LosSing. New York, 1885. 
 
 Lowell — Democracy in America, by James Russell Lowell. Houghton, 
 
 Mifflin & Co., Boston, 1887. 
 Macy — Our Government. How it Grew, What it Does, and How it Does 
 
 it, by James Macy. Boston, 1890. 
 Mag. of Am. Hist. — Magazine of American History. 31 Vols. New 
 
 York, 1877-1893. 
 
 Magruder— John Marshall, by Allan B. Magruder. Houghton, Mifflin 
 &Co., Boston, 1888. 
 
10 Library Manual of United States History 
 
 Marshall— The Life of George Washington, Commander-in Chief of 
 the American Forces, by John Marshall. Second edition. 2 
 Vols. Philadelphia, 1832. 
 
 McMastkk-A History of the People of the United vStates from the 
 Revolution to the Civil War by John Bach McMaster. 5 Vols. 
 D. Appleton & Co., New York, 1888. 
 
 McLaughlin— Lewis Cass, by Andrew C. McLaughlin. Hou!(hton, 
 Mifflin & Co., Boston, 1891. 
 
 McCarthy— A History of Our Own Times, by Justin McCarthv. 2 Vols. 
 Belford, Clarke & Co., Chicago, 1886. 
 
 Morse— Thomas Jefferson, 1888. John Adams, 1887. John Quincy Adams, 
 1SS8. Abraham Lincoln, 2 Vols, 1893, by John T. Morse, Jr. 
 Houghton, INIifflin &Co. , Boston. 
 
 Montgomery— The Leading Facts of American History, by D. H. Mont- 
 gomery. Ginn & Co., Boston. 1890. 
 
 National Loans— The National Loans of the United States from July 
 4, 1876, to June 30, 1880, by Rafael A. Bailey. Government 
 Printing House, Washington, 1882. 
 
 North Am. Review— North American Review, New York. 
 
 Paine— Paine's Political Works, by Thomas Paine. Belford & Clark, 
 Chicago, 1885. 
 
 ParTon— The Life of Thomas Jefferson. The Life of Andrew Jackson, 
 3 Vols. The Life of Benjamin Franklin, 2 Vols. The Life and 
 Times of Aaron Burr, 2 Vols. By James Parton. Houghton, 
 Mifflin & Co., Boston^ 1890. 
 
 Parton — The Life of Horace Greeley, by JamesParton. Jas. R.Osgood 
 & Co., Boston, 1873. 
 
 PERRV — Political Economy, bv Arthur Latham Perry, Scribners. New 
 
 York, 1883. 
 Pollard — Life of Jefferson Davis, with a Secret History of the Southern 
 
 Confederacy, by Edward A. Pollard. National Publishing House, 
 
 Chicago, 1869. 
 
 pRENTis — Kansas Miscellanies, by Noble L. Prentis. Geo. W. Crane vs: 
 
 Co., Topeka, 1889. 
 Randall— Life 6f Thomas Jefferson, by H. vS. Randall, 3 \'ols. Lippin- 
 
 cotts, Philadelphia. 
 Redpath — The Public Life of Captain John Brown, by James Redpath. 
 
 Thayer & Eldridge, Boston, i860. 
 Rhodes — A History of the United States from the Compromise of 1850, 
 
 by John Ford Rhodes. 2 Vols. Harper & Bros., New York, 1893. 
 
 RidpaTh — A Popular History of the United States, by John Clark Rid 
 path. Riverside Publishing Co., St. Louis, 1888. 
 
 Richardson — Paper Money: A Collection of the Principal Facts Bearing 
 Upon the Current Financial Discussions, by W. H. Richardson. 
 D. Appleton and Co, New York, 1889. 
 
 RoniN.soN — Kansas. Its Interior and Flxterior Life, by Sara T. L. Rob- 
 inson. Crosby, Nichols & Co., Boston, 1856. 
 
 Robinson— The Kansas Conflict, by Charles Robinson, Harper & Bros., 
 New York, 1892. 
 
Library Mmnml of United States History. 11 
 
 Roosevelt — Thomas Hart Benton, by Theodore Roosevelt. Houghton, 
 Mifflin & Co. , Boston, 1891. 
 
 RoYCE — California. A Study of American Character, by Josiah Royce, 
 Houghton, Mifflin & Co., Boston, 1886. 
 
 Sanborn — The Life and Letters of John Brown, Liberator of Kansas 
 and Martyr of Virginia, by F. B. Sanborn. Roberts Brothers. 
 Boston, 1885. 
 
 Sargent — The Life and Public Services of Henry Clay, by Epes Sargent. 
 Porter & Coates, Philadelphia, 1S86. 
 
 SCHURZ — The Life of Henry Clay, by Carl Schurz; 2 Vols. Houghton, 
 
 Mifflin & Co., Boston, 1891. 
 ScHOULER — History of America under the Cob stitution, by Jas. Schouler, 
 
 5 Vols. Dodd, Mead & Co.. New York, 1891. 
 ScuDDER— A History of the United States of America, by Horace E. 
 
 Scudder. Taintor Bros. & Co., Boston, 1884. 
 Seward — Life of John Quincy Adams, by William H. Seward. Porter & 
 
 Coates, Philadelphia, 1887. 
 Seward — The Works of William H. Seward; edited by George E. Baker; 
 
 5 Vols. Houghton, Mifflin & Co., Boston, 1888. 
 
 Seward — Chinese Immigration in its Social and Economical Aspects, by 
 
 Geo. F. Seward. Scribners, New York, 1881. 
 SheIvDON— Studies in American History, by Mary Sheldon Barnes. D. 
 
 C. Heath & Co , Boston, 1892. 
 Shepherd— Martin Van Buren, by Edward M. Shepherd, Boston, 1890. 
 SiMONDS — The Story of Manual Labor in all Lands and Ages, by John 
 
 Cameron Simonds. Chicago, 1886. 
 SmalIvEY — A Brief History of the Republican Party, by E. V. Smalley. 
 
 John B. Alden, New York, 1885. 
 Spring — Kansas. The Prelude to the War for the Union, by Leverett 
 
 W. Spring. Houghton, Mifflin & Co., Boston, 1885. 
 Sparks — The Life of George Washington, by Jared Sparks. Little, 
 
 Brown & Co., Boston, 1852. 
 
 Statutes of Kansas— General Statutes of the State of Kansas. Topeka, 
 1890. , 
 
 Statutes — vStatutes at Large of the United States. Washington. 
 Story — A Familiar Exposition of the Constitution of the United States. 
 
 by Joseph Story. Harper & Brothers, New York, 1890. 
 Stevens— Albert Gallatin, by John Austin Stevens. Houghton, Mifflin 
 
 6 Co., Boston, 1888. 
 
 Stephens -A Constitutional View of the Late War Between the States. 
 It Causes, Character, Conduct and Results. By Alexander H. 
 Stephens. 2 Vols. National Publishing Co., Philadelphia, 1868. 
 
 Sumner — The Financier and Finances of the Revolution, by W. G. 
 Sumner. 2 Vols Dodd, Mead & Co., New York, 1891. 
 
 Sumner — Andrew Jackson as a Public Man. What he Was, What 
 Chances he Had, and What he DidwithThem. ByW. G.Sumner. 
 Houghton, Mifflin & Co , Boston, 1S92. 
 
 Sumner — Last Three Speeches of Charles Sumner on Kansas and Free- 
 dom, Higgins & Bradley, Boston, 1856. 
 
12 Library Manual of Vnited Statef^ Jfistorj/. 
 
 Tappan — The Life of Arthur Tappan, by Lewis Tappan. Hurd & Hough- 
 ton, New York, 1870. 
 Thavkr — A History of the Kansas Crusade. Its Friends and its Foes. 
 
 By Kli. Thayer Harper & Brothers, Kew York, 1889. 
 Thorpe — The Ciovernment of the People of the United States, by Francis 
 
 Newton Thorpp. Eldridge & Brothers, Philadelphia, 1889. 
 TiLDEN — Tilden's Public Writings and Speeches, edited by John Bigelow. 
 
 2 Vols. Harper & Brothers, New York, 1885. 
 TOURGEE— Bricks Without Straw, 1880. Hot Ploughshares, 1882. Fool's 
 
 Errand, 1880. By Albion W. Tourgee. Fiords, Howard & Hulbert, 
 
 New York. 
 TvLER— Patrick Henry, by IMoses Coit Tyler. Houghton, Mifflin & Co.> 
 
 Boston, 1887. 
 Vox HoLST — The Constitutional and Political History of the United 
 
 States, by Dr. H. Von Hoist. 8 Vols. Callaghan & Co. , Chicago, 
 
 1892. 
 Von Holst— John C Calhoun, by Dr. H. Von Hoist. Houghton, Mifflin 
 
 & Co., Boston, 1888. 
 Webster — Webster's International Dictionary. G. and C Merriam, 
 
 Boston. 1892. 
 Wilson— History of the Rise and Fall of the Slave Power in America, by 
 
 Henry Wilson. 3 Vols. Houghton, IMifflin & Co., Boston, 1872. 
 Windsor — Narrative and Critical History of America, by Justin Wind- 
 sor. 8 Vols. Houghton, Mifflin & Co., Boston, 1890. 
 Wirt— Life and Character of Patrick Henry, by William Wirt. Porter 
 
 & Coates, Philadelphia, 1885. 
 WoOLSEY — Political Science, or the State Theoretically and Practically 
 
 Considered, by Theodore D. Woolsey. 2 Vols. Scribners, New 
 
 York, 1886. 
 
TOPICAL OUTLINE WITH REFERENCES. 
 
 I. Introductory Lesson. 
 1. Methods OK THE Course. 
 
 a. Note-taking. 
 
 b. Habits of studv. 
 
 c. Descriptioii of work. 
 
 2 Discussion ok Authoritiks. 
 a. Official Publications. 
 
 b. Public Records. 
 
 c Legal Decisions. 
 
 d. Periodical Literature. 
 
 e. Biography. 
 
 f. Works of Statesmen. 
 
 g. General History- 
 
 h. Special History. 
 
 1. Reports of the executive departments 
 
 2. Congressional Record. 
 
 3. Statutes of the United States, 
 
 4. Department Publications. 
 
 I. Archives and Documents of : 
 
 a. The United States. 
 
 b. The States. 
 
 c. Historical Cities. 
 
 d. Counties. 
 
 e. Churches. 
 
 f. Old Families. 
 
 1. Federal Supreme Court. 
 
 2. Inferior Federal Courts. 
 
 3. State and Local Courts. 
 
 1. Newspapers. 
 
 2. Annuals and Almanacs. 
 
 3. Magazines, 
 
 4. University Publications. 
 
 5. Society Proceedings. 
 
 1. American Statesmen Series. 
 
 2. Makers of America vSeries. 
 
 3. Appleton's Cyclopedia of Biography. 
 
 1. Blaine's Twenty Years in Congress. 
 
 2. Benton's Thirty years View. 
 
 3. Seward's Works. 
 
 4. Stephens' War between the States. 
 
 5. Washington's Works. 
 
 6. Davis' Rise and Fall of the Confed- 
 
 eracy. 
 
 7. -Adams' Works. 
 
 Bancroft. 
 
 Schouler. 
 
 VonHolst. 
 
 Windsor. 
 
 .\dams. 
 
 2. Lossing. 
 
 4. Ridpath. 
 
 6. Hildreth. 
 
 8. Lester, 
 
 to. McMaster. 
 
 1. Robinson's Kansas Conflict. 
 
 2. Wilson's Rise and I'all of Slavery, 
 
 3. American Commonwealth Series. 
 
Ifi 
 
 IMmirij MfiniHil of Uxitrd Slat(i< llialorii. 
 
 II. Preliminary View. 
 1. What is Histokv ? 
 
 What is Civil Govkrn- 
 
 MKNT ? 
 
 3. What is a Constitition ? 
 
 4. What is the I^nithd 
 
 States ? 
 
 Am. Pomticai, Institutions 
 \. The Towu Meetiug. 
 
 b. Universal Suffrage. 
 
 1. Eniersou's Essays 1:27 
 
 2. Carlyle's Rssays 11:228 
 
 3. Webster H 
 
 4. Worcester . H 
 
 5. Century Dictionary H 
 
 6. Am. Kucyclopedia IXrigS 
 
 7. Encyclopedia Brit XII:i9 
 
 8. Bancroft V:5 
 
 9. Lalor II:4S> 
 
 1. Paine's Political Works 7 
 
 2. Andrews' Manual 10 
 
 3. Fiske's Civil Government 5 
 
 4. Lalor 1:473 
 
 5. Woolsey ^'•^i9 
 
 1. Andrews' Manual 16 
 
 2. Macy's Civil Government I93 
 
 3. Fiske's Civil Government 187 
 
 4. Encyclopedia Brit VI:309 
 
 5. Bryce 1: 19 
 
 6. Thorpe's C. G 61 
 
 7. Stephens' I:i8 
 
 1. Andrews' Manual 13 
 
 2. Macy's Civil Government 233 
 
 3. Fiske's Civil Government 243 
 
 4. Bryce 1: 12 
 
 5. Fiske's Am. Political Ideas 57 
 
 6. Woolsey 1=259 
 
 7. Stephens' 1:38, II:i8 
 
 8. Davis' I:ii4 
 
 9. Lalor 111:959 
 
 1 . Woolsey 11:384 
 
 2. Fiske's Am. Political Ideas 17 
 
 3. De Tocqueville 56 
 
 4. Harper LXX:265 
 
 5. Bryce I:56i 
 
 6. Macy's Civil Government i 
 
 7. Parton's Jefferson 674 
 
 8. Tourgee's Bricks Without Straw. 501 
 
 9. Ilildreth 186 
 
 10. Fiske's Civil Government 16 
 
 1 1. Fiske's Beginning of N'. E- 27 
 
 12. Hosmer's Sam. Adams. 4'8 
 
 13. Bancroft 1:285 
 
 1. Lalor 111:822 
 
 2. Woolsey 1:299 
 
 3. Bryce 1:406 
 
18 
 
 Lihriifi/ MmiKfil of Vnitefl States Histort/. 
 
 III. Development of the Colonial Union 
 1. Haki.v Plans. 
 
 a. The Puritan Federation. 
 
 1 . Lossing's Our Country 263 
 
 2. Hancroft 1:283 
 
 3. Lodge's English Colonies 351 
 
 4. Johnston 37 
 
 5. Fiske's Civil Government 201 
 
 6. Bryant 11:49 
 
 7. Lossing 1:94 
 
 8. Hildreth 1:285 
 
 9. F'iske's Beginnings of N. E. . . 158 
 
 b. Franklin's Plan. 
 
 1 . Partou's F'ranklin 1:336 
 
 2. Bancroft 11:386 
 
 3- Lalor 1:45 
 
 4. F'iske's Civil Government . . . 201 
 
 5. Hildreth 11:443 
 
 6. Windsor VI:63 
 
 7. Brvant III:26i 
 
 Results ok the French 1. Johnston 
 
 AND Indian War. 
 
 a. Feeling of Union. 
 
 b. The vStamp Act. 
 
 c. Henry's Resolutions. 
 
 d. The Stamp Act Congress. 
 
 82 
 
 Wirt's Henry 60 
 
 3. Tyler's Henry 56 
 
 4. Bancroft .' H: 149 
 
 5. Hildreth n:5i4 
 
 6. Lossing 1:248 
 
 7. Lalor ni:787 
 
 8. Windsor VI:i,ii2 
 
 9. Lodge's F'nglish Colonies 476 
 
 3. Union Accomplished. 
 
 a. Second Attempt at Tax- 
 
 ation. 
 
 b. F'irst Continental Con- 
 
 gress. 
 
 1 . Johnston 90 
 
 2. Tyler's Henry 90 
 
 3. WMrt's Henry 119 
 
 4. Bancroft IV:6i 
 
 5. Hosnier's Sam. Adams 289 
 
 6. Lossing 1:318 
 
 7. Hildreth ni:42 
 
 8. Von Hoist I: I 
 
 9. Lalor 1:589 
 
 10. Windsor VI:59, 100 
 
 e. vSecoud Continental Con- 
 gress. 
 
 1. Bancroft IV: 190 
 
 2. Lossing 1:354 
 
 3. Hildreth 111:76 
 
 4. Morse's Jefferson 26 
 
 5. Parton's Jefferson 163 
 
 6. Lalor 1:59° 
 
 7. Windsor VLrioy 
 
 8. Johnston *. 97 
 
 Rp:volutionary Govern- 
 ment. 
 
 1. Thos. Paine's Works 7 
 
 2. Lalor 111:629 
 
 3. Woolsey's Political Science. . 1:405 
 
20 
 
 Lihrtini Manual of United Statctt Hixtorii. 
 
 IV. Independence. 
 1. "First Steks. 
 
 a. Opinions of Statesmen. 
 
 b. Action of the vStates. 
 
 c. Public Sentiment. 
 
 (1. The Mecklenburj; Decla- 
 ration. 
 
 I. Windsor VI:23i , 256 
 
 2 Bancroft 11:85, 340, 528, IV: 196 
 
 3- Lalor 1:743: 825 
 
 J. Lossing 1:402 
 
 5. Hosmer's Sam. Adams 332 
 
 6 Paine's Common Sense 7 
 
 7. Ivossing's Our Country 794 
 
 8. Lester. 1:251 
 
 9. Sparks' Washington 166 
 
 10. Montgomery 163 
 
 1 1 . Johnston 104 
 
 12. Atlantic LXV:70 
 
 2. Lee's Resolution. 
 
 a. Introduction. 
 
 b. Action of Congress 
 
 c. The Committee. 
 
 d. The Report of the Com- 
 
 mittee. 
 
 1 . Lossing ... 1:402 
 
 2. Andrews' Manual 34 
 
 3. Bancroft IV:423 
 
 4. Ilildreth III:i33 
 
 5. Hosmer's Sam. Adams 347 
 
 6. Morse's John Adams . 104 
 
 7- Ivalor 1:743 
 
 8. Parton's Jefferson 187 
 
 9 Lossiug's Our Country 888 
 
 10. Bryant 1x1:470 
 
 1 1 . Lester 1:284 
 
 3. The Deci,.\ration. 
 
 a. The Author. 
 
 b. Analysis. 
 
 c New Political Doctrines, 
 d. Precedents. 
 
 Morse's Jefferson 26 
 
 Parton's Jefferson 187 
 
 Lossing 1:405, 409 
 
 Bancroft IV:444,452 
 
 Lalor 1:743 
 
 Hosmer's Sam. Adams 332 
 
 Brvant III:403 
 
 Ilildreth 136 
 
 Lester 1:286 
 
 Sparks' Washington 169 
 
 Montgomery 163 
 
 4. The Union Older th.\n 
 THE States. 
 
 a. Political Deductions. 
 
 b. Relation to Secession. 
 
 c. Relation to Federation. 
 
 d. The Fallacy of 1776. 
 
 1. Hildreth IILgg 
 
 2. Bancroft cf. 
 
 V .\ndrews' Manual 34 
 
 4. Magazine of .^m. History.. .13:444 
 
 5. Lossing's Our Country cf. 
 
 6 Bryant 1X1:329 
 
 7. Lester 1:244 
 
 .1. New State Governments, i . 
 
 a. Fall of the Royal Gov'nrs. 
 
 b. The Provisional Period. 
 
 c. Rise of the Republics, 
 
 Bancroft V.i 12 
 
 I'Mske's Civil (Fovernment 161 
 
 Hildreth III:I26 
 
 Lossing 1:352 
 
 Bryant IIX:487 
 
 Lester 1:338 
 
 Atlantic LVI:6o7 
 
22 
 
 Lihrai-y Manual of United Skttes History. 
 
 V. The Confederation. 
 1. Formation. 
 
 a. First Steps. 
 
 b. Action of Congress. 
 
 c. Delay of States. 
 
 2. 
 
 3- 
 4- 
 5- 
 6. 
 
 7- 
 
 cS. 
 
 9- 
 
 ID. 
 
 Bancroft V:io, 199 
 
 Hildreth 111:394 
 
 Lossiug ...... 1:423,516 
 
 Andrew's Manual .* 35 
 
 Hosnier's Sam. Adams 382 
 
 Story's Constitution . . 28 
 
 Morse's John Adams 143 
 
 .Sumner's Finances 11:64 
 
 Lalor 1:575 
 
 Lossing's Our Country 1065 
 
 Lester 1:424 
 
 Johnston 137 
 
 2. Analysis ofthk Articles. 
 
 a. Style and Title. 
 
 b. Powers given to Congress. 
 
 c. Powers Denied. 
 
 d. Powers Reserved to States 
 
 e. Weakness 
 
 f. Advantages. 
 
 :. Lossing II:i75 
 
 2. Hildreth 111:402 
 
 3. Bancroft V:i99, VI:99, 124 
 
 4- Story 38. 279 
 
 5. Windsor VII:2i5 
 
 6. Fiske's Civil Government 205 
 
 7. Schouler ... 1:14 
 
 8. Bryce 1:17, 662 
 
 9. Johnston's Am. Politics 7 
 
 10. Thorpe's Government 63 
 
 11. Spark's Washington 393 
 
 12. Irving's Washington IV:98 
 
 13. Marshall's Washington 11:75 
 
 14. Lester 1:426 
 
 1 5 . Fiske's Critical Period 93 
 
 t6. Lalor L576 
 
 ;i. Conflicts OF TiiK CoNKF.n- 
 
 ERATION. 
 
 a. Power over the States. 
 
 b. Attempts to Rxtend Au- 
 
 thority. 
 
 c. Violations by the States. 
 
 d. Violations by Congress. 
 
 1. Fiske's Critical Period 189 
 
 2. Lossing 11:185 
 
 3. Lalor 1:577 
 
 4. Schouler 1:19 
 
 5. Bancroft VI:i86 
 
 6. McMaster 1:363 
 
 7. vSumner's Finances 11:64 
 
 8. Bryant IV:95 
 
 9. Hildreth 111:435, 466 
 
 10. Spark's Washington 394 
 
 I I. Johnston 139 
 
 12. Montgomery . 185 
 
 , Skrvicks OF RonT. Morris 
 
 a. Financier General. 
 
 b. Founder of Bank of N. A. 
 
 c. Private Speculations. 
 
 d. Bankruptcy and Death. 
 
 1. Sumner's Finances 1:267 
 
 2. Holies 1:267 
 
 3. McMaster 1:187 
 
 4. Bancroft V:5o8, VI:25, 60 
 
 5. Hildreth 111:364, 405, 428, 542 
 
 6. Perry 386 
 
 7. Lalor I'I99 
 
24 
 
 iJhrary Manual of Vniiccl Slatrn Histoiii. 
 
 VI. The Critical Period. 
 1 . Driftixg Toward Anarchy 
 
 a. Strife Between the States. 
 
 b. Failure of Diploniac}' 
 
 c. Failure of Credit. 
 
 d. The Paper Monej- T<utlac^^ 
 
 . Shay's Rebellion. 
 
 1. Causes. 
 
 2. Action of Massachusetts. 
 
 3. Action of Congress. 
 
 4. Lessons for the I'eople. 
 
 2. Makeshift Schemes. 
 
 a. Federal Impost. 
 
 b. Cession of Western Lands. 
 
 1. McMaster 1:215, 404 
 
 2. Fiske's Critical Period 146 
 
 3. Hildreth 111:406 
 
 4. vSchouler 1:^2 
 
 5. Bancroft VI-187 
 
 6. Sparks' Washington 295 
 
 1. Fiske's Critical Period 154 
 
 2. Morse's John Adams 234 
 
 3. Lossing 11:195 
 
 4. Schouler 31 
 
 5. Bancroft VI:i47, 154 
 
 6. McMaster I:37i 
 
 7. Morse's Jefferson 77 
 
 8. Marshall's Washington 1:84 
 
 9. Magazine of Am. History 1:649 
 
 1 . Fiske's Critical Period 163 
 
 2. McMaster 1:356 
 
 3. Sumner's Finances 11:94 
 
 4. Bolles 1:333 
 
 5. Bryant IV:93 
 
 6. Hildreth ni:445 
 
 1. Fiske's Critical Period 163 
 
 2. McMaster 1:282 
 
 3. Bancroft VI: 167 
 
 4. Hildreth 11:259, 297 
 
 5. Century May, '91 
 
 6. Sumner's Finances 11:278 
 
 7. Bolles I:ii4 
 
 8. Cheap Paper Money 13 
 
 1. Hildreth 111:474 
 
 2. Fiske's Critical Period 180 
 
 3. McMaster 1:310 
 
 4. Lossing 11:211 
 
 5 Schouler 1:32 
 
 6. Bryant IV:97 
 
 1. McMaster 1:141 
 
 2. Fiske's Critical Period 218 
 
 3. Hildreth 111:426 
 
 4. Schouler 1:34 
 
 5. Bancroft VI:i92 
 
 1 . Fiske's Critical Period 187 
 
 2. McMaster 1:140 
 
 3. Lossing II:2oi 
 
 4. Hildreth 111:499 
 
 5. Bancroft VI:i4 
 
26 
 
 Libran/ M<t7U(al of United i)tates Histoi'y. 
 
 VII. The Federal Constitution. 
 
 1. The Convention. 
 
 a. History. 
 
 b. Membership. 
 
 c. Mode of Work. 
 
 d. Attitude of the People. 
 
 1 . Fiske's Critical Period 204 
 
 2. Bancroft VI:i95 
 
 3. Hildreth 111:482 
 
 4. Von Hoist 1:49 
 
 5. Morse's Franklin 401 
 
 6. Roosevelt's G. Morris 125 
 
 7. Gay's Madison 88 
 
 8. Magazine of Am. History ... 18:131 
 
 9. Bryant IV: 100 
 
 10. Windsor VII:237 
 
 11. Sparks' Washington 399 
 
 12. Curtis' Constitution n:cf. 
 
 13. Century XII:746 
 
 2. Questions Settled. 
 
 a. Federal Taxation. 
 
 b. Sovereignty of the People, 
 c Right of Secession. 
 
 Andrews' Manual 44 
 
 Fiske's Civil Government 214 
 
 Von Hoist I: I 
 
 Hildreth 111:482 
 
 Fiske's Critical Period 230 
 
 6. The Federalist cf. 
 
 .'{. Question.^ Left Open. 
 
 a. Limits of Federal Powers. 
 
 b. Limits of State Powers. 
 
 Consult References for (xxi) 
 
 ]\Iagaziue of Am. History ... 16:244 
 Tyler's Henry 279 
 
 4. Compromises. 
 
 a. Apportionment of Mem- 
 
 ^• 
 
 bers of Congress 
 
 4- 
 
 b. Foreign Slave Trade. 
 
 S- 
 
 c. Export Duties. 
 
 6. 
 
 7- 
 
 s. 
 
 Struggle eor Ratifica- 
 
 I. 
 
 tion. 
 
 2. 
 
 a. Objections 
 
 
 b. The P'ederalist. 
 
 4- 
 
 1. Purposes. 
 
 .S- 
 
 2. Authors. 
 
 6. 
 
 3. Effects. 
 
 7- 
 
 4. Present Value. 
 
 8. 
 
 Fiske's Critical Period 257 
 
 Gay's Madison 98 
 
 Lalor 1:547 
 
 Marshall's Washington. n:io5 
 
 Hildreth ni:5i9 
 
 Bancroft VI:239, 371 
 
 Schouler 1:41 
 
 Wilson 1:39 
 
 Tyler's Henry 279 
 
 Wirt's Henry 299 
 
 Hildreth ni:534 
 
 Hosmer's Sam Adams 302 
 
 Lodge's Hamilton 65 
 
 Roosevelt's Jay 252 
 
 Gay's Madison 115 
 
 McMaster 1:482 
 
 c. Action of the States. 
 
 1. Bancroft... VI:37i 
 
 2. Mag. of Am. Hist 'S^'SSi 352 
 
 3. Mag. of Am. Hist 16:149 
 
 4. Hildreth in:533 
 
 5. vSchouler L'47 
 
 6. McMaster L-473 
 
 7. Andrew's Manual 164 
 
 8. Bryant IV:io3 
 
Library Mamtal of Vnitecl Staffs History. 
 
 VIII. Organization of the Federal Government. 
 
 1. The CorxTRv. 
 
 a. Economic Concitions. 
 
 b. Social Institutions, 
 c Physical Geography. 
 
 Schouler I:i 
 
 McMaster 1:14 
 
 Hildreth III:54o 
 
 Lester 111:308 
 
 Centurv. . XIV: 107 
 
 '2. Elections AND Congress. 
 
 a. Election of Senators and 
 
 Representatives. 
 
 b. Choice of Electors. 
 
 c. Defects of Electoral Plan. 
 
 d. Endofthe"01d Congress."' 
 
 e. Inauguration of Washing- 
 
 ton. 
 
 Lossing. . . 11:262 
 
 McMaster 1:262 
 
 Hildreth IV:2io 
 
 Gay's Madison 12S 
 
 Lodge's Washington . ..11:47 
 
 Century 15:803 
 
 Schouler 1:70 
 
 Brj-ant IV: 104 
 
 Sparks' Washington 407 
 
 3. Origin of Parties. i. Lodge's Hamilton 136 
 
 . 2. Gav's Madison 172 
 
 a. W higs and Tones. 3 liodges Washington II:6i 
 
 Imposters and Non-impos- 4, Sparks' Washington 436 
 
 5. Morse's John Adams 255 
 
 6. McMaster ';567 
 
 Morse's Jefferson 1 1 1 
 
 Lossing 118:307 
 
 Hi4dreth IV:25, 291 
 
 Bryce 11:3, 2C 
 
 Schouler 1: 169 
 
 Lalor III:ii2 
 
 Windsor VI:267 
 
 ters 
 Federalists and Anti-feder- 
 alists. 
 
 Federalists and Republi- <; 
 
 cans. g_ 
 
 10. 
 
 1 1. 
 
 12. 
 
 4. FlN.\NCIAL QlESTIONS. 
 
 a. The United States Bank. 
 
 1. Plan of Organization. 
 
 2. Sale of the Stock. 
 
 3. Hamilton's Motives. 
 
 4. Oppouentsof the Bank. 
 
 1. Lodge's Hamilton 99 
 
 2. Sparks' Washington 432 
 
 3. Lodge's Washington II:io7 
 
 4. Morse's Jefferson i iS 
 
 5. Parton's Jefferson 435 
 
 6. Hildreth ....IV:256 
 
 7- Lossing 11:295 
 
 S. McMaster 11:28 
 
 9. Von Hoist 1: 104 
 
 10. Schouler. 
 
 1:159, 180 
 
 II. LoanandCurrency Lawsof U.S. .289 
 
 b. Coinage. 
 
 1. Colonial System. 
 
 2. Morris' Plan. 
 
 3. Jefferson's System. 
 
 4. Hamilton'sCoinatre Act. 
 
 1. Bolles 1:301, 11:156 
 
 2. Lodge's Hamilton. ... 130 
 
 3. McMaster 1:194,11:72,360 
 
 4. Hildreth . 11:314 
 
 <; . Parton 's Jefferson 398 
 
 6. Perry 388 
 
 7. Lalor 1:508 
 
 8. Sumner's Finances 11:42,47 
 
 9. Loan and Currency Laws 211 
 
30 
 
 Lihrnrij Munnnl of JJniUd !SI<ilrs Ilislnrti. 
 
 IX. Hamilton's Financial System. 
 
 . The l'rol)leui. 
 
 a. To vSettle the Debt. 
 
 1. Foreign. 
 
 2. Domestic. 
 
 3. State. 
 
 4- Continental Currenc}-. 
 
 b. To Provide a Revenue. 
 
 c. To Create a Financial Sys- 
 
 tem. 
 (1. To Provide a Currencv. 
 
 Lodge's Hamilton 103 
 
 McMaster 1:568 
 
 Ivossing 11:284 
 
 Holies 11:22 
 
 Hildreth 111:445, IV:i52 
 
 Lalcvr 1:726 
 
 Schouler I:i30 
 
 Parton 's Jefferson 384 
 
 Von Hoist 1:83 
 
 National Laws 30 
 
 Sparks' Washington 424 
 
 2. The Solution. 
 
 a. .Assumption. 
 
 1. TheStruggle in Congress 
 
 2. The Compromise. 
 
 3. Jefferson's Position. 
 
 Von Hoist 1:85 
 
 Holies 11:25 
 
 Hildreth IV:i74, 213 
 
 :\Ic:Master 1:568 
 
 Lossing n:284 
 
 Schouler L'ji 
 
 Lodge's Washington II:i05 
 
 Sparks' Washington 427 
 
 Lodge's Hamilton 121 
 
 Morse's Jefferson 98 
 
 Parton 's Jefferson 390 
 
 Magazine of .Vm. History. ..11:46 
 
 Bryant IV: 106 
 
 National Loans 32 
 
 Sumner II:8o, 122, 246, 248, 256 
 
 b. The Funding System. 
 
 1. McMaster 1:568,11:22,47 
 
 2. Bolles .- 11:22 
 
 3. Lossing 11:254 
 
 4. Hildreth IV:i6i, 214, 275 
 
 5. Lalor 11:319 
 
 6. vSchouler 1: 131 
 
 7. Parton 's Jefferson 385 
 
 8. Gay's Madison 151 
 
 9. National Loans 32 
 
 10. Loan and Currency Laws 3 
 
 1 1 . Sparks' Washington 424 
 
 c. The Revenue. 
 
 1. The Direct Ta.x. 
 
 2. Indirect Taxation. 
 
 3. Sale of Public Lands. 
 
 I. McMaster 11:25 
 
 2 Lossing 11:291 
 
 3. Hildreth IV:253 
 
 4. Lodge's Hamilton 85 
 
 5- Perry 514 
 
 6. Schouler. . . . . 1:158 
 
 7. Von Hoist 94 
 
 8. Bryant IV: 109 
 
 d. Coinage. 
 
 e. United States Bank. 
 
 1 . Consult References above .... VIII:4 
 
 2. Coinage Laws i 
 
32 
 
 Lihriirii Mnnual of UuHcd States Iliftnrji 
 
 X. The First Congress. 
 
 1. Thk GivNARAL Welfare. 
 a. Defense. 
 
 Executive Departments. 
 Pnblic Lands. 
 The Indian Problem. 
 Foreign Relations. 
 Naturalization. 
 Constitutional Amend- 
 ments. 
 
 Gay's Mailison 132 
 
 Lodge's Washington II:8i 
 
 Sparks' Washington 431 
 
 Lossing 11:272 
 
 Hildreth IV:62, 99, 132, 220, 247 
 
 Schouler 11:97, 151 
 
 Parton's Jefferson 402 
 
 McMaster 111:83 
 
 Johnston 148 
 
 . Navigation and Com- 
 merce- 
 
 a. Tonnage Duties. 
 
 b. Discrimination. 
 
 c. The First Tariff. 
 
 1. Hildreth IV:65 
 
 2. Lodge's Hamilton 113 
 
 3. McMaster 1=545 
 
 4- Perry 536 
 
 5. Bolles 11:73 
 
 6. Schouler 1:86 
 
 7. Bryant IV: 107 
 
 8. Marshall's Washington II:I57 
 
 9. Harriman's American Tariff 18 
 
 '.\. Slavery. 
 
 a. Status in the Colonies. 
 
 b. Under the Confederation. 
 
 c. First Debate in Congress. 
 
 d. FMrst Fugitive Slave Law. 
 
 1. McMaster 1:552, 578, II:i5 
 
 2. Hildreth IV:9i, 174 
 
 3. Lalor 11:315 
 
 4. Schouler 1:142 
 
 5. Wilson I:3l-57 
 
 6. Von Hoist 1:89 
 
 7. Gay's Madison 159 
 
 8. Bryant IV:i09 
 
 9. Atlantic 9:29 
 
 10. Harper 69:730 
 
 1 1 . Windsor VI:279 
 
 12. Parton's F'ranklin II:6ii 
 
 13. Lester 1:431 
 
 4. The Federal Capital- 
 
 a. Claims of the Sections. 
 
 b. Failure of the I'irst Rill. 
 
 c. Failure of .Assumption. 
 
 d. The Compromise. 
 
 1. Hildreth IV: 127, 210 
 
 2. INIcMaster 1:555. 581 
 
 3. Lossing 11:278, 289 
 
 4. Lodge's Washington II:iob 
 
 5. vSpark's Washington 427 
 
 6. Marshall's Washington 11:190 
 
 7. Lodge's Hamilton 125 
 
 8. Morse's Jefferson ... .98 
 
 9. Parton's Jefferson 392 
 
 10. Magazine of Am History. .IL46, 116 
 
 11. Schouler 1:138,181,475 
 
 12. Bryant IV.-io6 
 
 13. .\dams' Works TII:4I2 
 
 14- Lalor 1:351,818 
 
 15. Bancroft VI:97 
 
 i^). Harper 40:181 
 
 17- Von Hoist 1:86 
 
34 
 
 Librani ^fam(nl of United States History. 
 
 XI. Character of the First Administration. 
 
 I. Official Appointments. 
 
 a. The Federal Civil Service. 
 
 b. Diplomatic Representa- 
 
 tives. 
 
 c. Non-partisan Cabinet. 
 
 d. Minor Executive Offices. 
 
 1 McMaster 1:566 
 
 2. Von Hoist I:So 
 
 .;. Hildreth IV:i02, 130 
 
 4. Lodge's Hamilton ... 84 
 
 5 Lossing H:279 
 
 6 Morse's Jefferson 96 
 
 7. Lodge's Washington n:47 
 
 5. Marshall's Washington n:i67 
 
 9. Irving's Washington IV: 133 
 
 10. Sparks' Washington 418 
 
 11. Schouler 1:93 
 
 12. Blaine 11:645 
 
 ij;. Barnard 22 
 
 14. Parton's Jefferson 376 
 
 2. W.\SHINGTON. 
 
 a. Character and Career. 
 
 b. Summary of Public vSer- 
 
 vices. 
 
 r. McMaster n:452 
 
 2. Lodge's Washington. n:cf. 
 
 ,^. Irving's Washington IV:3i6 
 
 4. Marshall's Washington II:cf. 
 
 .S. Sparks' Washington . .490 
 
 6. Magazine of Am. History .... 111:465 
 
 7. Lossiug's Our Country 1156 
 
 8. Lalor 111:1092 
 
 9. Lester I:i 
 
 .'5. Discord in the C.a^binet. 
 
 a. The Bank Question. 
 
 b. The Aurora Newspaper. 
 
 c. Newspaper War. 
 
 1. Parton's Jefferson 430 
 
 2. ^Morse's Jefferson 1 1 1 
 
 3. Randall's Jefferson ..11:518 
 
 4. Lodge's Washington II 
 
 5. Irving's Washington IV:i96 
 
 6. Marshall's Washington 11:230 
 
 7. Sparks' Washington 437 
 
 8. McMaster II :2 1 2 
 
 9. Lossing 11=309 
 
 10. Von Hoist I:8o 
 
 11. Hildreth IV:29i 
 
 12. Schouler 1:205 
 
 13. Lodge's Hamilton 136 
 
 14. Atlantic 16:625 
 
 15. Lester 1:443 
 
 4. The Wiilskey Rebellion, i 
 
 a The Excise. 
 
 b. Tumults in Pennsylvania. 
 
 c. Constitutionality of Co- 
 
 ercion. 
 <1. Results and Lessons. 
 
 McMaster II:4i. iqo 
 
 Lossing 11:350 
 
 Hildreth IV 1498 
 
 Von Hoist 1:95 
 
 Schouler 1:276 
 
 Lodge's Washington II:i2o 
 
 Sparks' Washington.... 459 
 
 Lalor III:iio8 
 
 Stevens' Gallatin 69 
 
 2. 
 
 3- 
 4- 
 
 S . 
 
 6 
 
 7. 
 S. 
 9- 
 10. Lester 
 
 ,1:446 
 
3fi 
 
 Library Manual of rniied States History. 
 
 XII 
 
 1. 
 
 Foreign Relations -Federal Administrations. 
 
 The Federal Policy of 
 Neutrality. 
 
 Lodge's Hamilton 153 
 
 Marshall's Washington II:i5o 
 
 Irving's Washington IV:2i3 
 
 Lodge's" Washington n:i29 
 
 Lossing II: V) 
 
 Hildreth IV:i32 
 
 Lalor II: 1 103 
 
 Schouler 1:244, 257 
 
 Bryant IV:i22 
 
 Lester 1=443 
 
 2. The Genet Affair. 
 
 a. The French Treaty of 
 
 Alliance. 
 
 b. The Revolution. 
 
 c The French Republic. 
 
 d. Conduct of Genet. 
 
 e. Action of the Admini.s- 
 
 tration. 
 
 f. American Jacobinism. 
 
 14. 
 15. 
 16. 
 '7. 
 18. 
 19. 
 20. 
 21. 
 
 Lodge's Washington 11:146 
 
 Irving's Washington IV:2i4 
 
 Marshall's Washington II:26o 
 
 Sparks' Washington 445 
 
 Lodge's Hamilton 166 
 
 Morse's Jefferson 147 
 
 Parton 's Jefferson 417, 459 
 
 Randall's Jefferson . II:i57 
 
 McMaster 11:98, 109, 141 
 
 Hildreth . IV:4i i. V:43 
 
 Lossing 11:319 
 
 Schouler 1:241,246 
 
 Lalor 11:327 
 
 Von Hoist I:ii2 
 
 Adams' Works X:47 
 
 Atlantic 31.385 
 
 Windsor VII:464 
 
 Bryant IV: 123 
 
 Lossing's Our Country 1 145 
 
 Lester 1:444 
 
 Johnston 154 
 
 .'5. Jay's Treaty. 
 
 a. Questions at Issue 
 
 b. Jay's Mission 
 
 c The Settlement. 
 
 d. The Treaty in America. 
 
 e. The Treaty in Fngland. 
 
 1 1. 
 
 12. 
 13- 
 
 14. 
 
 16. 
 17- 
 
 McMaster II:2i2 
 
 Lossing 11:360 
 
 vSchouler 1:289 
 
 Hildreth IV:48i. 530 
 
 Bryant IV:i24 
 
 Windsor VII:466 
 
 Roosevelt's Jay 294 
 
 Lodge's Washington 11:170 
 
 Irving's Washington . . IV:234, 258 
 
 Marshall's Washington 1:360 
 
 Sparks' Washington 463 
 
 Parton 's Jefferson 513 
 
 Morse's Jefferson 178 
 
 Lossing's Our Country 1150 
 
 Jay's Jay 1:326 
 
 .\dams' Gallatin 158 
 
 Lester 1:446 
 
38 Library Manual of United States History. 
 
 XIII. Foreign Relations— Federal Administrations. 
 
 1. Relations WITH Spain. i.McMaster 1:370,11:350 
 
 2. Lossing 11:197,326,367 
 
 a. The Mississippi Outlet. 3. Hildreth IV: 134, 569 
 
 b. The Demands of the West. 4. Lalor ill:946 
 
 c. Piuckney's Negotiations. 5. Lodge's Hamilton 155 
 
 d. The Mississippi Treaty. 6. Marshall's Washington 11:194 
 
 7. Irving's Washington IV:i22 
 
 8. Lodge's Washington II: 161 
 
 9. Sparks' Washington 430 
 
 10. (rilman's Monroe 25 
 
 1 1 . Schouler 1:365 
 
 12. Bryant IV:i37 
 
 13. Lossing's Our Country 1513 
 
 14. Windsor VII:223,476 
 
 15. Johnston 159 
 
 2. Troubles WITH France. i.McMaster 11:368,429 
 
 2. Ridpath 373 
 
 a. The X. Y. Z. Affair. 3. Hildreth. IV:645, V:203, 253, 307 
 
 b. The Quasi War. 4. Lossing. II: ,84, 418 
 
 c. The Second :Mission. 5. Schouler 1:373. 3871 443. 479 
 
 d. Position of the Repub- 6. Morse's John Adams. . 273, 303,308 
 
 licans. 7. Stevens' Gallatin 154 
 
 e. Action of Adams. 8. Lodge's Hamilton 155 
 
 9. Irving's Washington IV:293 
 
 10. Marshall's Washingion. . 11:393, 424 
 
 11. Lodge's Washington 11:140 
 
 12. vSparks' Washington 482 
 
 13. Oilman's Monroe 36 
 
 14. Von Hoist I:'38, 225 
 
 15. Lalor III:ii22 
 
 16. Morse's Jefferson 189 
 
 17. Parton's Jefferson 540 
 
 18. Magruder's Marshall loi 
 
 19. Rryant VI:i32 
 
 20. Lossing's Our Country 11 58 
 
 21. Tyler's Henry 367 
 
 22. Windsor VII:362, 473 
 
 23. Adams' Works VIII:546, 681 
 
 24. Morse's Hamilton 11:277 
 
 25. Lester I:450 
 
 26. Johnston 161 
 
 3. The Barbary States. i. Schouler 1:264 
 
 2. McMaster 1:407,11:170,589 
 
 a. The Algerine Troubles. 3. Hildreth cf. 
 
 h. Tripoli. 4. Schouler cf. 
 
 c Kngland and the Pirates. 5. Bryatit rV:i54 
 
 6. Lossing's Our Country ...1152, 1176 
 
 7- Lalor '. . . 1:55 
 
 8. Johnston 170 
 
40 
 
 Library Mamial of United States Histcyry. 
 
 XIV. The Alien and Sedition Laws. 
 
 The First Natiraliza- 
 Tiox Law. 
 
 1. Lalor 11:659 
 
 2. Andrew's Manual 87 
 
 3. McMaster . .■ II:2o8 
 
 4. Schouler 1:129 
 
 5. Hildreth V:2i5 
 
 6. North American Review 138:415 
 
 7. Bryce 1:406 
 
 The Alien Laws. 
 
 b. 
 
 The New Naturalization 
 
 Act. 
 The .Mien Enemies Act. 
 
 1 . McMaster II :393 
 
 2. Lossing 11:428 
 
 7. Hihlreth IV:2i6 
 
 4. Schouler ... 1:393 
 
 5. Von Hoist 1:143 
 
 6. Lalor 1:56 
 
 7. Lodge's Washington 11:295 
 
 8. Gay's Madison 240, 294 
 
 9. Morse's Jefferson 193 
 
 10. Parton's Jefferson 551 
 
 11. Lester 1:455 
 
 12. Stevens' Gallatin 168 
 
 13. Bryant IV:i29 
 
 14. Lodge's Hamilton 223 
 
 15. Windsor VII:252 
 
 16. Adams' Works 1:562 
 
 17. Wirt's Henry 408 
 
 18. Johnston's American Politics ■•47 
 
 19. Montgomery ■ . 200 
 
 ;i. The Sedition Law. 
 
 a. Newspaper and Pamphlet 
 
 War. 
 
 b. The Opposition Press. 
 
 1. McMaster 11:389, 394, 418, 530 
 
 2. Hildreth V:225, 297, 454 
 
 3. Schouler 1:394 
 
 4. Stevens" Gallatin 156, 168 
 
 5. Parton's Jefferson 552 
 
 6. Lossing's Our Country 1 168 
 
 7. Bryant IV: 1 29 
 
 8. Montgomery 200 
 
 9. Johnston 162 
 
 Enforcement and Ef- 
 fects. 
 
 a. The Naturalization Laws 
 
 b. The Alien Acts. 
 
 c. The Sedition Law 
 
 1. Callender. 
 
 2. Matthew Lyon. 
 
 3. Cooper. 
 
 4. The Aurora Newspaper. 
 
 I. Hildreth V:247, 365 
 
 2 Schouler 1:420 
 
 3. McMaster 11:399. 4^1, 469 
 
 4. Parton's Jefferson 606 
 
 5. Lalor 1:56 
 
 6. Morse's John Adams 287 
 
 7. Lodge's Hamilton 223 
 
 8. Windsor VII:334 
 
 9. Adams' Works X:ii7 
 
 10. Randall's Jefferson II: ch. S 
 
 11. Von Hoist 1:143 
 
 12. Stephens 1:468, 576 
 
 13. Stevens' Gallatin 157, 168, 169 
 
42 
 
 Librai-y Manual of United States History. 
 
 XV. The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions. 
 
 1. History. 
 
 a Occasion and Origin. 
 
 b. Action of Other States. 
 
 c. Was Force Intended ? 
 
 d. Responsibility of Jef- 
 
 ferson. 
 
 e. Madison's Report. 
 
 f. Immediate Kffects. 
 
 g. Historical Significance. 
 
 1. McMaster 11:419 
 
 2. Stephens 1=570, 576 
 
 3. Morse's Jefferson 193 
 
 4. Parton's Jefferson 553 
 
 5. Gay's Madison 246 
 
 6. Hildreth Viaji, 296,312 
 
 7. Von Hoist I:'43. I5<^ 
 
 8. Lossing II:45o 
 
 9. Lalor 111:672 
 
 10. Schouler 1:423 
 
 11. Bryant IV: 130 
 
 12. Windsor VII:252, 270 
 
 13. Sumner's Jackson 213 
 
 14. Tyler's Henry 362 
 
 15. Benton cf. 
 
 16. Davis I:i88 
 
 17. Scudder 276 
 
 iS. Johnston's Am. Politics 48 
 
 19. Montgomery 200 
 
 FUNCTION-SOKTHK SUI'REMR 
 COIKT. 
 
 1. Andrews' Manual 182 
 
 2. Lalor 11:651 
 
 3. Bryce 1:226, 364 
 
 4. Fiske's Civil Government. . . . 250 
 
 5. Macy's Civil Government 109 
 
 6. Sparks' Washington 417 
 
 7. Montgomery 19° 
 
 3. iNTKRPOsrrioN vs. Cen- 
 tralism. 
 
 1. Von Hoist 1:150,165 
 
 2. Windsor VII:27o 
 
 3. Scudder 277 
 
 4. Johnston's Am. Politics 49 
 
 5. Montgomery 200 
 
 6. Von Hoist's Calhoun .96 
 
 4. The Prni.ic Land Sy.stem. i. 
 
 a. 
 
 The Northwest Territory. 
 
 3- 
 
 b. 
 
 The Southwest. 
 
 4- 
 
 c. 
 
 Louisiana. 
 
 5. 
 
 d. 
 
 Disposal by Sale. 
 
 6. 
 
 e. 
 
 Homestead Law. 
 
 7- 
 
 f. 
 
 Subsidy Grants. 
 
 s. 
 
 9 
 10. 
 
 I r. 
 12. 
 
 ^^• 
 14. 
 
 '5- 
 
 Lalor 111:460 
 
 Lossing 11:198 
 
 McMaster I:i66, IILSg 
 
 Hildreth . . . .IV: 124, 205, V: 125. 345 
 
 Schouler 1:97 
 
 Parton's Jefferson 270 
 
 Wind.sor VII:527 
 
 Bancroft VI:ii6 
 
 Harper 71:741,42:219 
 
 N. A. Review 146:280, 142:153,136,237 
 
 Century in:599 
 
 Montgomery 187 
 
 Johnston 137 
 
 Sheldon 199 
 
 vSteven's Gallatin 245 
 
44 
 
 Ldbrary Manual of United States Histoi-y. 
 
 XVI. Pall of the Federal Party. 
 
 1. Charactkr OF Adams. i. Morse's John Adams 32 
 
 2. Lalor's Cyclopedia 1:23 
 
 a. Revolutionary Services. 3. McMaster 11:295 
 
 I). Diplomatic Services. 4. Hildreth V:29 
 
 c. Administration. 5. Lossing II:5'7 
 
 6. vSchouler I'-493 
 
 7. North Am. Review 113, 187 
 
 8. Atlantic 55: 415 
 
 9. Adams' Works I:cf. 
 
 2. Unpopularity of the i- McMaster 11:417 
 
 Administration. 2. Morse's John Adams 311 
 
 3. Schouler. . . 1^493 
 
 4. Hildreth V:553 
 
 5. Randall's Jefferson 11:332 
 
 6. Lodge's Hamilton 221 
 
 7. Johnston 161 
 
 3. Dissensions IN THE Party, i. McMaster 1:427,491,504 
 
 2. Lodge's Hamilton 199 
 
 a. Adams' French Policy. 3. Hildreth V:240, 313, 370 
 
 b. Appointment of Generals 4. Lossing. 11:499 
 
 c. Disruption of the Cabinet. 5. Schouler 1:464 
 
 d. Hamilton's Pamphlets. 6. Morse's John Adams 311 
 
 7. Von Hoist 1:134 
 
 8. North Am. Review 123: 113 
 
 9. Windsor vil:335 
 
 10. Adams' Works 1:446, X:i24 
 
 11. Parton's Jackson 1:217 
 
 12. Bryant IV:i43 
 
 13. Adams' Works I: cf . 
 
 4. Election of 1800. i. Parton's Jefferson 567 
 
 2. Morse's Jefferson 195 
 
 a. The Federalist Campaign. 3. Lodge's Hamilton 225 
 
 b. Republican Doctrines. 4. Lossing II:5i5 
 
 c. Failure of the Electors. 5. McMaster 11:522 
 
 d. Dilemma of the Feder- 6. Hildreth V:36o, 402 
 
 alists. 7. Parton's Burr 1:243,262 
 
 e. Bayard and Hamilton. 8. Schouler... II:i, 1:473, ^81 
 
 f. Aaron Burr. 9. Morse's John .\dams 311 
 
 g. Jefferson and the Feder- 10. Adams' Randolph 48 
 
 alists. II. Stevens' Gallatin 176 
 
 ' 2. Lalor I:8o7 
 
 ' 3. Morse's Hamilton II:ch. 7 
 
 '4- Von Hoist I:i68, 170 
 
 15. Bryant IV:i43 
 
 16. Windsor ¥11:269,335 
 
 17. fohnston's Am. Politics 53 
 
 •8. Lester 1:455 
 
 '9- Johnston . 164 
 
4(i 
 
 Libnirji 31(()n((il of United Stukx HiMori/. 
 
 XVII 
 
 1. 
 
 Dkmocratic Thkoriks of 
 Government. 
 
 Republican Administration. 
 
 1. I)e Tocqueville cf. 
 
 2. Lalor 1:768 
 
 3. Hildreth V:54 
 
 4. Why we are Democrats 9 
 
 5. Schouler 11:20,73 
 
 6. Lowell's Essays on Democracy. . . 3 
 
 7. Bryce 11:6 
 
 8. Bryant .. ..• lV:i65 
 
 9. Windsor VII:272 
 
 10. Von Hoist I:i77 
 
 11. Lossing's Our Country 1174 
 
 IMPHACHMENT ok Jl'DGKS. I. 
 
 a. The renusylvania Cases. 
 
 b. Pickering's Conviction. 
 
 c. Chase's Trial. 
 
 Hildreth V:5i 1,540 
 
 Adams' Randolph 82 
 
 Morse's Jefferson . 260 
 
 Parton's Jefferson 667 
 
 Lossing 11:53 
 
 McMaster 11:699, ni:i65, 168 
 
 Schouler n:53 
 
 Lalor II:4'^2 
 
 Windsor vn:338 
 
 Parton's Burr 11:22 
 
 .3. The Tkkritories. 
 
 a. The Northwest. 
 
 b. Mississippi. 
 
 c. Louisiana. 
 
 1. McMaster 111:89 
 
 2. Schouler 11:72 
 
 3. Hildreth V:444, 495. 645 
 
 4. Parton's Jefferson 656 
 
 5. Morse's Jefferson 276,291 
 
 6. Johnston 167 
 
 4. FiNANCK AND Defense. 
 
 a. Repeal of the Excise. 
 
 b. The vSurplus Revenues. 
 
 c. The army. 
 
 d. The Gunboat vSystem. 
 
 1. Schouler n:67 
 
 2. Hildreth V:438, 538, 583, 649 
 
 3. Lossing 111:75 
 
 4. McMaster 111:196 
 
 5. Bolles II:6.s 
 
 6. Lalor n:427 
 
 7. Bryant IV: 175 
 
 8. Windsor V1I:274 
 
 9. Lossing's Our Country 1 193 
 
 10. IMorse's Jefferson 290 
 
 11. Johnston '75. 183 
 
 12. vStevens' (iallatin 176, 193 
 
 5. Internal Improvements. 
 
 a. Gallatin's Policy. 
 
 b. Jefferson's Plan. 
 
 1. Morse's Jefferson. 292 
 
 2. Stevens' Gallatin 289,300 
 
 3. Lalor 11:568 
 
 4. Lossing II74 
 
 5. Hildreth V:584 
 
 6. Schouler II: 131 
 
 7. McMaster 111:461 
 
 8. Windsor VII:274 
 
48 
 
 LVirnni Manual of United States History. 
 
 XVIII. Republican Administration— C'o»/ //<(»(?. 
 
 1. Official Api'Ointmexts. i. Hildreth V:426 
 
 2. Parton's Jefferson 605 
 
 a. The Cabinet. 3. ISIorse's Jefferson 218 
 
 b. The Civil Service. 4. Steven's Gallatin 290 
 
 c. The Judiciary. 5. McMaster 11:530, 563 
 
 d. The Diplomatic Service. 6. Schouler 11:5 
 
 7. Lalor 111:565 
 
 8. Johnston's American Politics ... 56 
 
 2. The Birr Conspiracy. 
 
 a. Burr's Career. 
 
 1. In the Revolution. 
 
 2. As a Lawyer. 
 
 3. In New York Politics. 
 
 4. The Election of 1800. 
 
 5. As Vice-President. 
 
 6. The Duel. 
 
 1. Parton's Burr. .1:66,142, 165,243,333 
 
 2. Lodge's Hamilton .... 226 
 
 3. Lossing 11:569, III:6o 
 
 4. Hildreth IV:689, V:288, 358, 518 
 
 5. Von Hoist 1:192 
 
 6. McMaster II :568 
 
 7. Morse's Jefferson • . 204 
 
 <S. Windsor VII:269 
 
 9. Magazine of .\m. History .13:385 
 
 10. Bryant IV: 149 
 
 'I. Parton's Jefferson 576 
 
 12. Lester 1:455-457 
 
 13. Lalor 1:324 
 
 . The Western K.xpedition. 
 
 1. Negotiation with Merry. 
 
 2. Wilkinson's Part in the 
 Plot. 
 
 3. Blennerhasset. 
 
 4 Burr's Arrest in Ken- 
 tucky. 
 
 5- Collapse of the Enter- 
 prise. 
 
 1. McMaster 111:76 
 
 2. Hildreth V:590, 603 
 
 3. Parton's Burr 11=30, 57 
 
 4. Morse's Jefferson 209 
 
 5. Parton's Jefferson 665 
 
 6. Lossing 111:78 
 
 7. Schouler II:ii8 
 
 S. Adams' Randolph 222 
 
 9. Bryant IV:i49 
 
 10. Harper 25 :69 
 
 11. Schurz's Clay 1:35 
 
 12. Sargent's Clay 25 
 
 13. Lalor 1=324 
 
 c. Arrest and Trial of Burr. 
 
 1. Jefferson and Burr. 
 
 2. Trial and Verdict. 
 
 3. Burr's Subsequent 
 Career. 
 
 1. McMaster 111:76 
 
 2. Hildreth V:62i, 668 
 
 3. Lossing III:8i 
 
 4. Parton's Burr . . . 11:93, 107, 132, 162 
 
 5. Morse's Jefferson 281 
 
 6. Parton's Jefferson 665 
 
 7. Magruder's Marshall 202 
 
 8. Windsor VII:338 
 
 9. Bryant IV.-I53 
 
 10. Schouler II:ii8 
 
 1 1. Lalor 1=325 
 
 12. Johnston 1 70 
 
 13. Lester 1:460 
 
:)0 
 
 Lihnnii Mdiimd sf I'xitnl States Histoey. 
 
 XIX. The Purchase of Louisiana. 
 
 I'RKVIOIS CHANGKS OI" 
 
 ovvneship 
 
 Reasons eor Purchase. 
 
 a Navigation of the Mis- 
 sissippi. 
 
 b. Extension of National 
 Boundaries. 
 
 1. INIorse's Jefferson 231 
 
 2. I'arton's Jefferson 641 
 
 3. McMaster 11:625 
 
 4. Oilman's Monroe 76 
 
 S- I^alor 1:93 
 
 (5. Von Hoist 1:183 
 
 7. Hildreth V:478 
 
 8. Ivossinjj 11:33 
 
 I). Adams" Randolph 84 
 
 10. vSchouler 1:36 
 
 1 1 . Lester 1 :456 
 
 12. Gay's Madison 257 
 
 13. Draper I:i26 
 
 .S. Negotiations. 
 
 1. Consult Above References .. . . cf. 
 
 2. Randall's Jefferson III:ch. I-II 
 
 3. Atlantic 32:3°" 
 
 4. Windsor VII:546 
 
 4. The Treaty of Cession. 
 
 I. Statutes of Kansas. T:cf. 
 
 2 McMaster 11:627 
 
 3. Schouler 11:46 
 
 4. Statutes at Large 8:200 
 
 5. North Am. Review 28:389 
 
 6. Windsor ... 11:479 
 
 Constitutional Ques- 
 tions. 
 
 a. Jefferson's Dilemma. 
 
 b. Views of the Cabinet. 
 
 c. Action of the Federalists. 
 
 1. Morse's Jefferson 251 
 
 2. Schouler II: Si 
 
 T,. Von Hoist I:i88 
 
 4. McMaster 11:628, III:i 
 
 5. Parton's Jefferson 6q5 
 
 (5. Hildreth 111:226, V:487 
 
 7 Lalor 1:95 
 
 8. Adams' Gallatin 307 
 
 9. Adams' Randolph 85 
 
 10. Windsor VII:547 
 
 (i. The Government of 
 Louisiana 
 
 a. The Spanish h'^orms, 
 
 b. The French Plan. 
 
 c. Government as aTerritory. 
 
 1. McMaster IILig 
 
 2. Hildreth V:407 
 
 3. Schouler 11:5' 
 
 4. Parton's Jefferson 656 
 
 5. Centurv 111:643 
 
 6. Magazine of Am. History .... 14:509 
 
 7. Morse's Jefferson 247 
 
 8. Lalor 11:784 
 
 Lewis and Clarke's Expe- 
 dition. 
 
 a. Purposes of the Journey. 
 
 b. Results. 
 
 I Lewis and Clarke's Travels cf. 
 
 2. Mc:\raster III:i42 
 
 3 Schouler 11:130 
 
 4. Hildreth V:498 
 
 5. Bryant IV:i70 
 
Lihnirii Manual of United Statea History. 
 
 XX. Neutral Trade and the Embargo. 
 
 1. FoKKiGN Aggressions ON 
 Commerce. 
 
 a. Orders in Council. 
 
 b. The IMilan Decree. 
 
 c. The Berlin Decree. 
 
 1. IvOssiug 111:90 
 
 2. Hildreth V:649, 562 
 
 3. vSchouler 11:133 
 
 4. Von Hoist I:2oo 
 
 5 Morse's Jefferson 286 
 
 6. Parton's Jefferson 671 
 
 7. Morse's J. Q. .\dams 37 
 
 S. Gay's Madison 
 
 . .264 
 
 9. McMaster III:200 
 
 10. Br)'ant IV: 172 
 
 1 1 . Lester I 460 
 
 12. Johnston 170 
 
 13. .Sheldon 229 
 
 14. Stevens' Gallatin 20« 
 
 15. Ridpath 383 
 
 2. Jefferson's Policy. 1. 
 
 2. 
 
 a. The Embargo. 3. 
 
 1. Constitutionality. 4. 
 
 2. The Opposition. 5. 
 
 3. The Ruin of New Eng'd 6. 
 
 4. General Objects. 7. 
 
 5. Results. 8. 
 
 6. Failure. 9. 
 
 7. Repeal. 10. 
 
 b. The Non-intercourse Act. n. 
 
 12. 
 
 •3- 
 
 14. 
 
 •5- 
 
 16. 
 
 17- 
 18. 
 19. 
 20. 
 
 Lalor 11:79 
 
 Lossing 111:96 
 
 Hildreth . . V:io8, 653,674, VI:35.79 
 
 Schouler 11:138,199 
 
 Von Hoist 1:201,214 
 
 Morse's Jefferson 286, 300 
 
 Parton's Jefferson 671 
 
 Adams' Randolph 181, 227 
 
 Morse's J. Q. Adams 39. 52 
 
 Gay's Madison 277 
 
 McMaster in:277 
 
 vSteven's Gallatin 211,302 
 
 Bryant IV: 178 
 
 Randall's Jefferson 111:243 
 
 Lester 1:461 
 
 Johnston's Am. Politics. . .70, 72, 82 
 
 Montgomery 206 
 
 Johnston 172 
 
 vSheldon 230 
 
 Ridpath 385 
 
 Barnes 298 
 
 Summary OF Jekfer.son's 
 .\dmini.stration. 
 
 a. I''iiiance. 
 
 b. Defense. 
 
 c. Foreign Relations. 
 
 d. Internal Affairs. 
 
 1 . Parton's Jefferson 675 
 
 2. Morse's Jefferson 316 
 
 3. Hildreth V:i38 
 
 4. Lossing III:iii 
 
 5. Schouler 11:198 
 
 6. McMaster III:20i 
 
 7. Bryant lV:i8o 
 
 8. Johnston 166 
 
 9. Montgomery 209 
 
 10. Johnston's .\m. Politics 55 
 
 1 1. Steven's Gallatin 211 
 
 12. Ridpath 388 
 
 13. Barnes 299 
 
54 
 
 Librai-y Munual of United States Histoi-y. 
 
 XXI. Madison's Administration. 
 1. New Men AND Measures. 
 
 a. Henry Clay. 
 
 b. Johu C. Calhoun. 
 
 c. Daniel Webster. 
 
 1. Schouler 11:335 
 
 2. McMaster 111:427 
 
 3. Hildreth VI:259 
 
 4. Sargent's Clay 26 
 
 5. vSchurz's Clay . 1:67 
 
 6. Von Hoist's Calhoun 12 
 
 7. Lodge's Webster .49 
 
 8. Jenkins' Calhoun 37 
 
 2. The War of 181 2. 
 
 a. Summarj- of Causes. 
 
 b. The Militia Problem. 
 
 c. The attitude of New En 
 
 gland. 
 
 1. The Henry Episode. 
 
 2. Blue Light Federalism. 
 
 3. The Hartford Conven- 
 tion. 
 
 d. vSummarv of Results. 
 
 McMaster ni:2oo 
 
 Schouler 11:336, 356, 417, 424 
 
 Hildreth V:37, VI:274, 313, 
 
 412,533,545 
 
 Lossing 111:134,286 
 
 Von Hoist 1:243. 259 
 
 Gay's Madison 283, 309 
 
 Schurz's Clay 1:79 
 
 Windsor VII:277, 376 
 
 Q.Harper 25:217,29:596 
 
 10. Randall's Jefferson IH:4ii, 634 
 
 11. Lalor 1:624 
 
 12. North Am. Review 39:2<^8 
 
 13. Parton's Jackson 1:459,11:55 
 
 14. Lester 1:464 
 
 :\. War with the Barbarv 
 States 
 
 a. Previous Difficulties. 
 
 b. ThePassingof the Pirates. 
 
 Lossing IH:296 
 
 Hildreth VI:577 
 
 Schouler H:455 
 
 Windsor VH:4o5 
 
 References Above Xni.3 
 
 Lester H:3 
 
 4. Financial Questions. 
 a. The Second U. S. Bank. 
 
 1. Lodge's Webster 61 
 
 2. Schurz's Clay- 1:132 
 
 3. Sumner's Jackson 251 
 
 4. Von Hoist's Calhoun 31 
 
 5. Lester n:i5 
 
 6. Sargent's Clay 64 
 
 7. Schouler in:450 
 
 8. Bolles II:3'7 
 
 0. Lossing 111:300 
 
 10. Hildreth ¥1:589 
 
 11. Bryant IV:244 
 
 1 2 . Loan Laws 297 
 
 13. Jenkins' Calhoun 64 
 
 . The Calhoun Tariff. 
 
 1. Position of the South. 
 
 2. (Opposition in the Nortli. 
 
 3. Protective Features. 
 
 1. Perry 545 
 
 2. Bolles n:3i9 
 
 ^ Windsor ¥11:278 
 
 4. Bryant . IV:244 
 
 5. Jenkins' Calhoun 100 
 
 i), Lester II:'4 
 
56 
 
 Library Mavval of Ihiited States History. 
 
 XXII. Monroe's Administration 
 1. Growth ofthk Rei'uhlic 
 
 a New States. 
 
 b. Industrial Progress 
 
 c. Economic Conditions. 
 
 d. Social Conditions. 
 
 1. Ridpath 417 
 
 2. Oilman's Monroe 124 
 
 3. Schouler IIIoS, 99 
 
 4. INIcMaster 111:459 
 
 5. Von Hoist 1:340 
 
 6. Hildreth III:62o 
 
 7. Br}'ant IV:275 
 
 8. Lossing's Our Country 1320 
 
 9. Lester .' II:i3 
 
 2. Era of Good Feeling. 
 
 a. Character of Monroe. 
 
 b. Political Questions. 
 
 c. Disappearance of Party 
 
 Lines. 
 
 1. Lossing. . . 111:307 
 
 2. Hildreth VI:620 
 
 3. Democracy in America 104 
 
 4. Schouler ni:i 
 
 5. Schurz's Clay 1:14' 
 
 6. Gilman's Monroe 125 
 
 7. Bryant IV:282 
 
 8. Johnston 201 
 
 9. Lester 11:13 
 
 ;l New Party Lines and 
 
 LSSUKS. 
 
 a. Internal Improvements. 
 
 b. Protective Tariff. 
 
 1 . vSchouler 111:46, 54, 247 
 
 2. Lossing 111:343 
 
 3- Perry.. 555 
 
 4. Sargent's Clay 79. 85 
 
 5. Schurz's Clay 1:146 
 
 6. Adams' Monroe 353 
 
 7. Gilman's Monroe 149, 239 
 
 8. Sumner's Jackson 73, 191 
 
 9. Lodge's Webster 129 
 
 10. Bryant IV:274, 283 
 
 11. Lester II:i4. if' 
 
 1 2. Johnston's Am. Politics 89 
 
 13. Benton I: i, 21, 32 
 
 4. Relations with Spain. 
 
 a. The Texas Boundary. 
 
 b. The Florida Indians. 
 
 c. Jackson's Florida Cam- 
 
 paign. 
 
 d. Purchase of I'lorida. 
 
 1. Lossing III:3'3 
 
 2. Hildreth VI:64i 
 
 3. Schouler 111:66,130 
 
 4. Blaine ... I:i3 
 
 5. Sumner's Jackson 49. 67 
 
 6. Parton's Jackson II:407 
 
 7. Gilman's Monroe H' 
 
 8. Morse's John Quincy Adams ... 109 
 
 9. Schurz's Clay I:i62 
 
 10. Sargent's Clay 81 
 
 1 1 . Adams' Monroe 3^7 
 
 12. Lalor 11:233 
 
 13. Bryant IV:246 
 
 14. Von Hoist's Calhoun 88, 93 
 
 15. Von Hoist 1:338 
 
 16. Lossing's Our Country 1322 
 
 17. Benton I:'4 
 
58 
 
 Library Manual of United States History. 
 
 XXIII; African Slavery in America. 
 
 I. History to 1793. 
 
 a. Introduction. 
 
 b. Growth in the Colonies, 
 c Attitude of England. 
 
 d. The Declaration of Inde- 
 
 pendence. 
 
 e. The Convention of 1789. 
 
 1 . Bancroft . . 1:41 
 
 2. Hildreth IV:I74 
 
 3- Lalor 111:725 
 
 4. Am. Encyclopedia S 
 
 5. Schouler . . 1:41 
 
 6. Wilson I: I 
 
 7. Von Hoist 1=277 
 
 S. Bancroft VI:3i6 
 
 9. McMaster 1=253 
 
 10. Parton's Jefferson 270 
 
 1 1. Lester 1=431 
 
 12. Johnston's .\merican Politics . . 11 
 
 . Regulations. 
 
 a. The African Slave Trade. 
 
 1. In the Constitution. 
 
 2. The Coastwise Traffic 
 
 3. The Inter-state Trade. 
 
 4. The Foreign Trade. 
 5- The I^aw of 1S08. 
 
 6. Supplementary Laws. 
 
 b. Taxation. 
 
 I. Lossing VI:3i6 
 
 2 McMaster 1=552 
 
 3. Hildreth IV:9i.VI:6i3 
 
 4. vSchouler IImzs, 129 
 
 5. Von Hoist 1:288,315 
 
 6. Parton's Jefferson 270 
 
 7. Lalor 111:732 
 
 8. Wilson 1:79 
 
 9. Bryant I\':26i 
 
 Fugitive Slaves. 
 
 1. The Law of 1793. 
 
 2. The Law of 1818. 
 
 Lalor n:3'5 
 
 Von Hoist 1=3" 
 
 Wilson 1:69 
 
 Hildreth IV:4c6, VI:635 
 
 Schouler III:i44 
 
 McMaster 11:256 
 
 . In the Territories. 
 
 1. The Northwest. 
 
 2. Mississippi. 
 
 3. Louisiana. 
 
 1. Wilson 1:31 
 
 2. Parton's Jefferson 370 
 
 3. Von Hoist 1:322 
 
 4. Hildreth ' Iir635 
 
 S.Bancroft VI-116 
 
 6. Johnston 
 
 146 
 
 3. Remedies Proposed. 
 
 Emancipation. 
 
 Colonization. 
 
 Abolition. 
 
 1. Wilson I:i8 
 
 2. Von Hoist 1:322 
 
 3. Schouler II:i28, 111:138 
 
 4. Hildreth IV:i75, V:i77, VI:6i4 
 
 5. McMaster 11=356 
 
 6. Windsor VI:287, 325 
 
 7. Lalor .1:2 
 
 8. Johnson's Garrison . . .82, 112, 147 
 9 Lester 11:22 
 
 10. Johnston 203 
 
 1 1 . Tappan 126 
 
 1 2. Morse's Jefferson 50 
 
60 
 
 Lihriir;/ Manual of United States Histnrif. 
 
 XXIV 
 
 1 
 
 The Missouri Compromise. 
 
 Economic Contrast 
 THK Sections. 
 
 1. \on Hoist 1:340 
 
 2. Carr's Missouri 139 
 
 3. Lalor 111:728 
 
 4. Schouler 11:99, IV:i07 
 
 5. Helper's Crisis 11 
 
 6. Lossing 111:525 
 
 7. Schurz's Clay 1:172 
 
 S.Johnston 204 
 
 2 The First Missouri De- 
 bate. 
 
 a. The Bill of 1818. 
 
 1. Tallmadge's Amend- 
 ment. 
 
 2. The Powers of Congress. 
 
 3. Action of the House 
 
 4. Action of the vSenate. 
 
 b. Scott's Bill. 
 
 1. In the House. 
 
 2. The Thomas Com- 
 promise. 
 
 c. The Doctrine of Dilution. 
 
 d. Victory of the Slave 
 
 Power. 
 
 Schouler 111:107,147 
 
 Wilson 1:135 
 
 Blaine I:i6 
 
 Carr's Missouri 141 
 
 Tvalor 11:549 
 
 Hildreth VI:66i, 687 
 
 (xreeley . : 1:74 
 
 Draper I:i 
 
 Benton 1:8 
 
 Stephens. .... II:i3i 
 
 Lossing in:323 
 
 Schurz's Clay 1:172 
 
 Sargent's Clay 88 
 
 (yilman's Monroe 144 
 
 Windsor VII:28o 
 
 Bryant IV:26i 
 
 Lester n:i3 
 
 Johnston's Am. Politics 92 
 
 Johnston 204 
 
 Ridpath 420 
 
 Morse's J. Q. Adams 120 
 
 Roosevelt's Benton 43, 4^ 
 
 :i. The Second Derate 
 
 a. The Missouri Constitution 
 
 b. Clay's Committee of Thir- 
 
 teen. 
 
 c. The Joint Committee. 
 
 d. Clay's Compromise. 
 
 1. Wilson I:'53 
 
 2. Blaine I:i7 
 
 T,. Carr's ISIissouri 149 
 
 4. Lalor 11:862 
 
 5. Schouler in:i78 
 
 6. Hildreth VI:703 
 
 7. Lossing ni:33i 
 
 8. Benton 1:8 
 
 9. Schurz's Clay 1:183 
 
 10. Sargent's Clay 90 
 
 11. Bryant IV:274 
 
 12. Roosevelt's Benton 43 
 
 . The Spirit of Slavery. 
 
 a. Arrogance of its Cham- 
 
 pions. 
 
 b. Growing Power. 
 
 c. Violation of Compromises. 
 
 1. Wilson 1:189 
 
 2. Carr's Missouri 147 
 
 3. Li fe of Tappan 203 
 
 4. Johnson's Garrison 182 
 
 5. Schouler 111:171 
 
 6. Consult Above References cf. 
 
r»2 
 
 Libmnj Mnnmd of United Staicx llitiUmi. 
 
 XXV. End of the Era of Good Feeling. 
 
 I. Thk Monroe Doctkink. i. Scliouler 111:24,279 
 
 2. Lossing 111:341 
 
 a. American Policy of Euro- 3. Hildreth VI:626, 633 
 
 pean Countries. 4. Lalor 11:898 
 
 b The Spanish American 5. Sargent's Clay 72 
 
 Revolt. 6. Schurz's Clav 1:146,168 
 
 c. The Holy League. 7. Adams' Randolph 325 
 
 8. Lester ..II:20 
 
 9. Green's England 838 
 
 10. Student's France f 68 
 
 1 1 . Roosevelt's Benton 63 
 
 d. Traditional Foreign Pol- i . McMaster 1:89 
 
 icy of the United States. 2. Hildreth IV:4ii 
 
 3. Lodge's Washington II:cf. 
 
 4. vSparks' Washington . .429 
 
 5. Lodge's Hamilton 153 
 
 6. Morse's Jefferson iio 
 
 7. Parton's Jefferson 398 
 
 8. Irving's Washington IV: 138 
 
 e. The New Doctrine. i. Oilman's Monroe 156 
 
 1. Meaning. 2. Morse's J. Q. Adams 130 
 
 2. Immediate Effects. 3. Seward's J. Q. Adams 121 
 
 3. Historical Results. 4 Schurz's Clay I:2io 
 
 5. Lalor 11:898 
 
 6. Lossing 111:341 
 
 7 Schouler 111:287 
 
 8. Von Hoist 1:109 
 
 9. Johnston 205 
 
 'o. Lester 20 
 
 • I. Sumner's Jackson 108 
 
 ■2. Johnston's American Politics . . . 99 
 
 13. Roosevelt's Benton 64 
 
 14. Benton 1:65 
 
 15. Montgomery 227 
 
 , 16. Ridpath 422 
 
 2. Thk Rlsh of Andrew i. McMaster 11:33, 285 
 
 J.\CK,sON. 2. Parton's Jackson 1:96, II:it 
 
 3. Sumner's Jackson 26 
 
 a. Early Career. 4. Lalor 11:625 
 
 b. In Congress. 5. INIorse's J. Q. Adams 150 
 
 c. The Battle of New Or- 6. Seward's J. Q. Adams 119 
 
 leans. 7. Schouler III:6i 
 
 d. In the Senate. 8. Von Hoist's Calhoun 88 
 
 e. Candidate for President. 9 vSargent's Clay 79 
 
 10. Lester II:i09 
 
 1 1 . Roosevelt's Benton 28 
 
 12. Ridpath 419 
 
 13. Schurz's Clay 1:223 
 
04 
 
 Librarn Munnal of Unitrd Slutrs HMory. 
 
 XXVI. The First Transition Period. 
 
 1. The New Men. i. Roosevelt'.s Benton 59 
 
 2. McLaughlin's Cass . 131 
 
 a. Benton. 3. Morse's J. Q. Adams 149 
 
 b. Lewis Cass. 4. Shepherd's Van Buren 100 
 
 c. J. Q Adams. 5. Sumner's Jackson 73 
 
 d. Van Buren. 6. Benton I:S 
 
 e. .\ndrew Jackson. 7. Schouler cf- 
 
 8. Lossing cf. 
 
 9. Cyclopedia of Am. Biographj- . . cf. 
 10. Lester 11:95, 124 
 
 2. Thk Election OF 1S24. i. Schurz's Clay 11:203 
 
 2. Sargent's Clay 102 
 
 a. The Issue. 3. Morse's J. Q. Adams 155 
 
 b. The Candidates. 4. Von Hoist's Calhoun 54 
 
 c. In the House of Repre- 5. Sumner's Jackson 72 
 
 sentatives. 6. Parton's Jackson III:i i 
 
 d. Clay as Warwick. 7. Von Hoist 1:409 
 
 e. Was the Democratic Prin- 8. Lossing 111:337 
 
 ciple Violated ? 9. Adams' Randolph 268 
 
 10. Schouler 111=397 
 
 11. Benton 1:46 
 
 12. Johnston's Am. Politics ........ loi 
 
 13. Roosevelt's Benton ■ • 59 
 
 14. Lester 11=99 
 
 15. Seward's Adams 135 
 
 16. Shepherd's Van Buren 92 
 
 17. Jenkins' Silas Wright 42 
 
 :?. Embarrassments of i. Schouler 111:326 
 
 Adams. 2. Benton 1:46 
 
 3. Roosevelt's Benton 61 
 
 a. Lack of Popularity. 4. Parton's Jackson III:io2 
 
 b. The Bargain and Sale 5. Seward's Adams 162,202 
 
 Calumny. 6. Schurz's Clay 1:250 
 
 c. The Federal Patronage. 7. Sargent's Clay ..•• 102 
 
 d. The Bill of Abominations. 8. Adams' Randolph 268 
 
 9. Lossing cf. 
 
 10. Von Hoist 1:409 
 
 11. Lester II:io5 
 
 12. Perry 556 
 
 13. Sumner's Jackson 90 
 
 14. Jenkins' Silas Wright 51 
 
 4. The Creek Controversy, i. Von Hoist 1:433,448 
 
 2. Benton 1:58 
 
 a. Early Difficulties. 3. Seward's Adams 213 
 
 b. The Survey Troubles. 4. Lossing III:35i 
 
 c Demands of Georgia. 5. Jackson's Century of Dishonor. .257 
 
 6. Schouler 111:370 
 
 7. Parton's Jackson. . .1:526, 549, 11:335 
 
fi() Lihrary Manual of United Utates History. 
 
 XXVII. The Accession of Jackson. 
 
 1. Jackson. 
 
 a. Character. 
 
 b. Public Career. 
 
 c. Private Life. 
 
 1. Partou's Jackson of. 
 
 2. McMaster 11:33,285 
 
 3. Von Hoist I:II, cf. 
 
 4. Lalor 11:625 
 
 5. Sumner's Jackson cf. 
 
 6. Consult Lesson XXV 
 
 7. Lester ILiog, 126 
 
 8. Johnston 214 
 
 2. The Election ok 1828. 
 
 a. The Candidates. 
 
 b. The " Fraud " Issue. 
 
 c. Jackson's Advantages. 
 
 d. Adams' Disadvantages. 
 
 6. 
 
 7- 
 
 8. 
 
 9- 
 10. 
 1 1. 
 12. 
 
 13- 
 14. 
 
 15 
 
 Schouler III:4io 
 
 Parton's Jackson III:i37 
 
 Sumner's Jackson 100 
 
 Seward's Adams 228 
 
 Lossing 111:366 
 
 Benton Lm 
 
 Von Hoist 
 
 Roosevelt's Benton 69 
 
 Schurz's Clay 1:276 
 
 Sargent's Clay 127 
 
 Shepherd's Van Buren 135 
 
 Von Hoist's Calhoun 65 
 
 Adams' Randolph 287 
 
 Lester ILiog 
 
 Johnston 213 
 
 16. Johnston's Am. Politics 
 
 107 
 
 ^. Industri.vi. and Social 
 Proorkss. 
 
 a. Growth of Population. 
 
 b. Development of Litera- 
 
 ture. 
 
 c. Inventions. 
 
 d. Evolution of the Daily 
 
 Papers. 
 
 1. Lossing 111:347 
 
 2. Johnston 214 
 
 3. Montgomery 243 
 
 4. Lester II:i3«. 203 
 
 5. Beers' American Letters . . 68 
 
 6. Von Hoist 11:27 
 
 7. Schouler 111=507 
 
 8. Great Plvents cf . 
 
 9. Seward's Adams 228 
 
 10. Parton's Greeley 117 
 
 11. Holmes' Emerson .62 
 
 12. Parton's Greeley 103 
 
 13. Jenkins' Silas Wright. . . 48 
 
 4. Jackson's Policy. 
 
 a. The Tariff. 
 
 b. Internal Improvements. 
 
 c. The Banks. 
 
 d. OfSce Holders. 
 
 e. Foreign Relations. 
 
 f. Indian Affairs. 
 
 g. Public Lands. 
 
 1. Parton's Jackson 111:245 
 
 2. Sumner's Jackson 191 , 106, 184 
 
 3. Von Hoist 11:13,27,191 
 
 4. Lossing 111:309 
 
 5. Benton 1:125 
 
 6. Roosevelt's Benton -79 
 
 7. Schouler III:45i 
 
 8. Schurz's Clay 1:345 
 
 9. Johnston . 223 
 
 10. Lester II: 113 
 
 I J. Johnston's Am. Politics 108 
 
08 
 
 Library Manual of United States History. 
 
 XXVIII. Rotation in Office 
 1. Poucv in- Washincton. 
 
 -The Cherokees. 
 
 1. McMaster 1:566 
 
 2. Von Hoist I:8o 
 
 3. Hildreth IV:io2, 130 
 
 4. Lodge's Hamilton 84 
 
 5. Lossiug 11:279 
 
 6. Morse's Jeffersou 96 
 
 7. Parton's Jefferson 576 
 
 a. Blaine 11:645 
 
 9. Lodge's Washington 1:217 
 
 10. Sparks' Washington.. 41S 
 
 2. Jefferson's Beginning. 
 
 1. McMaster 11:583 
 
 2. Morse's Jefferson 218 
 
 3. Hildreth V:426 
 
 4. Schouler ni:452 
 
 5. Blaine 11:644 
 
 6. Parton's Jefferson 599, 605 
 
 7. Benton 1:159 
 
 8. Lalor in:565 
 
 8. The Crawford Law. 
 
 1. Blaine H:645 
 
 2. Barnard 32 
 
 3. Roosevelt's Benton So 
 
 4. Schouler ni:452 
 
 5. Sumner's Jackson 83 
 
 4. Jackson's Removals. 
 
 1 . vSchouler 111:452 
 
 2. Blaine 11:646 
 
 3. Parton's Jackson in:2o6 
 
 4. Sumner's Jackson 145 
 
 5. Lossing 111:374 
 
 6. Lalor 111:782 
 
 7. Von Hoist 11:13 
 
 8. Roosevelt's Benton 79 
 
 9. Benton I = '59 
 
 10. Schurz's Clay II:6o 
 
 1 1. Johnston 225 
 
 5. The Public Lands. 
 
 Sumner's Jackson 109, 184 
 
 Lossing in:377 
 
 Schouler ni:455 
 
 Benton 102, 130, 362 
 
 Lalor 111:460 
 
 (). The Cherokee Contro- i. Sumner's Jackson 49, 179 
 
 VERSY. 2. Parton's Jackson 350 
 
 a. U. S. and the Cherokees. 3. Von Hoist 1:448,452 
 
 b. Conflict with Georgia. 4. Jackson's Century of Dishonor. .257 
 
 c. Decisionof SupremeCourt. 5. Report of Bureau of Ethnol- 
 
 d. Jackson's Policy. ogy, 1884 129 
 
 6. Roosevelt's Benton 171 
 
 7. Benton 27, 107, 624 
 
70 
 
 Library Manual of United States History. 
 
 XXIX. Jackson's Financial Policy 
 
 1. ThK 15ANK CONTROVKRSV 
 
 a. History of the Bank. 
 
 1. Lalor 1. 201 
 
 2. Belles 11:127,317 
 
 3. Parton's Jackson 111:255 
 
 4. Von Hoist's Calhoun 31 
 
 5. Hildreth VIrsSg, 607 
 
 6. Schouler III:ii! 
 
 7. Banking Laws 297 
 
 8. Schurz's Clay 1:62. 66. 131, 345 
 
 9. Sumner's Jackson 229 
 
 10. Johnston's Am. Politics 11 1 
 
 b. Jackson's Hostility. 
 
 1. Source. 
 
 2. First Expression. 
 
 1. Parton's Jackson HI: 255 
 
 2. vSumner's Jackson 244 
 
 3. Von Hoist n:3i 
 
 Benton .. 1:229 
 
 Bolles n:334 
 
 Lossing in:393 
 
 Schurz's Clay Io5' 
 
 Lalor I:2oi 
 
 Schouler in:469 
 
 Lester II:ii4 
 
 Johnston's Am. Politics 117 
 
 1 2. Lodge's Webster 208 
 
 13. Ridpath 427 
 
 14. Roosevelt's Benton 115 
 
 4- 
 5- 
 6. 
 
 7- 
 8. 
 
 9- 
 10. 
 II. 
 
 c. Struggle for Re-Charter. 
 
 1. Argument of the Bank 
 
 2. The Grounds for Oppo- 
 sition. 
 
 1. Von Hoist n:36 
 
 2. Sumner's Jackson 244 
 
 3. Parton's Jackson . . .111:372 
 
 4- Bolles 11:343 
 
 5. Lossing 111:393 
 
 6. Lalor I:2o2 
 
 7. Benton I:i87 
 
 8. Schouler IV:44,48, 52 
 
 9. Lodge's Webster 208 
 
 d. The Veto. 
 
 1. Jackson's Message. 
 
 2. Verdict of the People. 
 
 1. Von Hoist H:43 
 
 2. Sumner's Jackson 274 
 
 3. Parton's Jackson 111:393 
 
 4. Schurz's Clay 1=374 
 
 5. Benton I:2oi 
 
 6. Schouler . .• IV:68 
 
 7. Lester n:ii3 
 
 8. Lodge's Webster ... 208 
 
 2. DiSTRIlU'TION OF THK 
 SURPMTS. 
 
 a. Measures Proposed. 
 
 b. The Distribution Law. 
 
 Benton 1:275, 3^2 
 
 Schurz's Clav 1:369 
 
 Von Hoist..' 11:187 
 
 Lossing 111:403 
 
 Bolles 11:438 
 
 Roosevelt's Kenton 143 
 
Libra)-y Manual of United States Histwy. 
 
 XXX. Jackson's Financial VoUcy ■—Ondinui'd. 
 
 1. The Deposits. i Benton 1:373 
 
 2. Sumner's Jackson 291 
 
 a. Renewed Attack on the 3. I'arton's Jackson 111:493 
 
 Bank. 4. Von Hoist 11:51 
 
 b. Removal of the Deposits. 5. Roosevelt's Benton 114 
 
 c. Legality of the Removal. 6. Schurz's Clay 11:23 
 
 d. Final Results. 7. Von Hoist's Calhoun 113 
 
 e. The State Banks. 8. Bolles 11=334 
 
 9. Lossing ni:394 
 
 10. Lalor 1=798 
 
 11. Lester II: 131 
 
 12. Johnston's Am. Politics. . 121 
 
 13. Shepherd's Van Buren 213,253 
 
 14- Schouler IV: 132 
 
 2. CPtNSURE OF THE Prksi- I. Sumner's Jackson .309 
 
 DENT. 2. Parton's Jackson III:54i 
 
 a. Clay's Resolutions. 3. Schurz's Clay 11:31,99 
 
 b. Jackson's Protest. 4. Von Hoist 11:68 
 
 c. The Kxpuuging Resolu- 5. Benton 1:423, 528 
 
 tious. 6. Roosevelt's Benton 132 
 
 7 Lossing 111:405 
 
 8. Lodge's Webster 226 
 
 9. Lalor 1:267,798 
 
 • o. Sargent's Clay 160, 184 
 
 11. Schouler IV: 156, 165 
 
 12. Von Hoist's Calhoun 115 
 
 ."{. The Specie CiRCi'L-A^R. i. Schurz's Clay 11:124 
 
 2. vShepherd's Van Buren 260 
 
 a. Object. 3. Benton 1:676 
 
 b. Time. 4. Bolles 11:348 
 
 c. Effects. 5, Parton's Jackson 111=593 
 
 6. Sumner's Jackson 335 
 
 7. Lester II:i33 
 
 8. Lodge's Webster 233 
 
 9. Shepherd's Van Buren .... .261, 267 
 
 10. Sargent's Clay 183 
 
 1 1 . Johnston 234 
 
 4. The I'rench Indemnity. i. vSchurz's Clay 11:52 
 
 2. Benton . I:6o2 
 
 a. The Claim. 3. Lossing . . 111:399 
 
 b. The Treaty. 4. Parton's Jackson IV:56i 
 
 c. Action of the French 5. Sumner's Jackson 343 
 
 Chamber. 6. McLaughlin's Cass 165 
 
 d. Suggestion of the King. 7. Morse's J. Q. Adams 239 
 
 e. Jackson's Message. 8. vSargent's Clay 162 
 
 9. Schouler IV: 184, 239 
 
 10. Johnston 224 
 
Library Mamial of United States History. 
 
 XXXI. Nullification in South Carolina. 
 
 1. Precedents. i. Sumner's Jackson 212 
 
 2. Lalor . 11:1055 
 
 a. Kentucky and Virginia 3. Stephens 1=590 
 
 Resolutions. 4. Benton 1:347 
 
 b. Hartford Convention. 5 Morse's Jefferson 193 
 
 6. Adams' Randolph 27,34 
 
 7. McMaster 11:422 
 
 •1. Calhoun's Agitation. i , Von Hoist 1:459 
 
 2. Sumner's Jackson 216 
 
 a. The Doctrine. 3. Parton's Jackson in:447, 453 
 
 b. The Promulgation. 4, Von Hoist's Calhoun 80,97 
 
 5. Jenkins 143 
 
 6. Davis 1:184 
 
 7. Schouler IV:38 
 
 8. Lester n:ii5 
 
 3. TnK Tariff OF 1832. i. Schurz's Clay 1:357 
 
 2. Parton's Jackson ni:56o 
 
 a. Action of Congress. 3. Sumner's Jackson 222 
 
 b. Jackson's Position. 4. VonHolst 1=471 
 
 5. Lossing in:386 
 
 6. Perry 560 
 
 7. Lester II:H5 
 
 8. Lodge's Webster 211 
 
 4. Action OF South Carolina, i. Von Hoist 1=477 
 
 2. Benton 1:297 
 
 a. The Legislature. 3. Parton's Jackson in:4.S7 
 
 b. The Rxecutive. 4 Sumner's Jackson 2S1 
 
 c. The Convention. 5. Von Hoist's Calhoun 105 
 
 6. Jenkins' Calhoun 242 
 
 7. Lester. . . II:i2i 
 
 8. Johnston's Am. Politics 119 
 
 9. Schouler IV:85 
 
 5. Action OF Jackson. i. Parton's Jackson 111:460 
 
 2. Lossing.... ni:3S9 
 
 a. The Proclamation. 3. Benton 1:299 
 
 b. The Message to Congress. 4. Johnston 230 
 
 c. Use of the Army. 5. Lester n:i 15 
 
 6. Jenkins' Calhoun 245 
 
 7. Von Hoist 1:478 
 
 G. The Crisis. i. Von Hoist 1:465,490 
 
 2. Parton's Jackson 111:463 
 
 a. The Force Bill. 3. vSchurz's Clay n:^ 
 
 b. The Compromise. 4. Benton I=33o 
 
 5. Sumner's Jackson 285,290 
 
 6. Schouler IV:94 
 
 7. Lodge's Webster 213 
 
 8. Von Ilolst'sCalhoun 108 
 
76 
 
 lAbrory Manual of United States History. 
 
 XXXII. End of the Reign of Jackson. 
 
 1. The Si-avkrv yiKSTioN 
 
 a. Agitation in the North. 
 
 b. Opposition in the South. 
 
 c. Petitions. 
 
 d. The Mails. 
 
 1. Von Hoist II:So, 137 
 
 2. :\Iorse's J. Q. Adams 249 
 
 3- Seward's Adams 280 
 
 4 lUaine 1:22 
 
 5. Benton 1:609 
 
 b. Von Hoist's Calhoun 125 
 
 7. Greeley 1: 107 
 
 y. Lalor 1:3 
 
 9- Shepherd's Van Buren 233 
 
 10. Schurz's Clay 11:69 
 
 1 1. Johnson's Garrison . . .• 82 
 
 '2. Sumner's Jackson 340 
 
 13. Schouler IV:3o, 203, 224 
 
 14. Wilson 1:346 
 
 15. Roosevelt's Benton 157 
 
 . The Tex.\.s Problem. 
 
 a. History of Texas. 
 
 b. Boundaries. 
 
 c. Independence. 
 
 d Position of the United 
 States. 
 
 1. Von Hoist n:548. 583 
 
 2. Parton's Jackson IH:653 
 
 3. Lossing HI. -40 1 
 
 4. Beuton ... . .I:66o 
 
 5 Jilaine I:2g 
 
 6. Mag. of Am History . .VHI:376, X:38 
 
 7. Grant's Memoirs ...1:47 
 
 8. Lalor ni:92i 
 
 9. Morse's J. Q. Adams. 266 
 
 10. Seward's J. Q. Adams 272 
 
 11. Lodge's Webster 232 
 
 12. Shepherd's Van Buren 306 
 
 13. Schurz's Clay n:86 
 
 14. Greeley 1: 147 
 
 15. Sumner's Jackson 352 
 
 ih. Schouler IV:246 
 
 17. Lester - 11:135, 138 
 
 18. Ridpath 445 
 
 .{. Jack.sox and the Judi- 
 ciary. 
 
 a. Taney. 
 
 b. Associate and Other 
 
 Judges. 
 
 1. Parton's Jackson ni:559 
 
 2. Benton 1:731 
 
 3. Lossing ni:402 
 
 4. Von Hoist n:70 
 
 5. Sumner's Jackson 1 09, 1 27, 135, 17 1, 180 
 
 6. Roosevelt's Benton 131 
 
 4. JiLECTIONOK 1836. 
 
 a. The Issues. 
 
 b. The Candidates. 
 
 c. Jackson's Influence. 
 
 1. Sumner's Jackson 277, 385 
 
 2. Benton 1:683 
 
 3. Shepherd's Van Buren 219 
 
 4. Schurz's Clay 11:95 
 
 5. Parton's Jacksou ... III:6i7 
 
 6. Johnston's Am. Politics 127 
 
 7. Lodge's Webster 235 
 
 8. Sargent's Clay 185 
 
 9. Jenkins' Silas Wright 107 
 
 10. vSchouler IV: 199, 236 
 
7S 
 
 iJhrnrii Manunl of United States History. 
 
 XXXIII. Van Buren's Administration. 
 
 Charactkr and Career 
 OF Van Buren. 
 
 Von Hoist 11:147 
 
 vSchouler ... IV:349 
 
 Scliouler IV:32:V:349 
 
 Parton's Jackson 111:28 
 
 Von Hoist's Calhoun 86 
 
 Benton I:2i4 
 
 Schurz's Clay II:i28 
 
 Lalor ' in:io6i 
 
 2. The Panic of 1837. 
 
 a. Causes. 
 
 b. Tile Banks. 
 
 c. The Currency of the 
 
 Country. 
 
 d. Action of Congress. 
 
 1. Bolles 11:351 
 
 2. Scliouler IV:276 
 
 3. Lossing in:4io 
 
 4. Shepherd's Van Buren 242 
 
 5. Benton 11:9, 26 
 
 6. Schurz's Clay II:i32 
 
 7. Von Hoist n:i94 
 
 8. Lester II:i3i 
 
 9. Lalor 1:523 
 
 '.I The Public Funds. 
 
 1. Bolles 11:351 
 
 2. Schouler ... IV:279 
 
 3. Schurz's Clay n:i32 
 
 4. Von Hoist 11:196 
 
 4. The Sub-Treasury Plan. i. 
 
 Bolles 11:351 
 
 Schouler IV:283 
 
 Lossing ni:4i3 
 
 Schurz's Clay 11:136 
 
 Shepherd's Van Buren 278 
 
 Von Hoist's Calhoun 184 
 
 Benton n:i24, 164 
 
 Von Hoist 11:201 
 
 Lalor 11:493 
 
 5. Slavery 
 
 Growth of the Opposition. 
 Slaves in the District of 
 
 Columbia. 
 The Right of Petition. 
 The "Gag Rule." 
 
 4- 
 5- 
 6. 
 
 7- 
 8. 
 
 9 
 
 10. 
 II. 
 
 Schouler IV:296 
 
 Seward's J. Q. Adams 254 
 
 Morse's J. Q. Adams 248 
 
 Blaine ... I:2i 
 
 Benton 11:150 
 
 Shepherd's Van Buren 344 
 
 Schurz's Clay .11:152 
 
 Roosevelt's Benton 157 
 
 Greeley I:I22 
 
 Von Hoist 11:169, 219 
 
 Wilson ... cf. 
 
 f). The Canadian Rebellion. 
 
 a. American Sympathy. 
 
 b. Action of the Adminis- 
 
 tration. 
 
 1. Lodge's Webster 247 
 
 2. vSchouler . . IV:3i7 
 
 3. Benton 11:276 
 
 4. Shepherd's Van Buren 300 
 
 5. Lossing. . . ni:4io 
 
80 
 
 Lihrnrij MiuiiKd of United St<((cs Historii. 
 
 XXXIV. The Whigs and Tyler. 
 
 1. TiiK Election oi- 1X40. i. Vou IIolsl 11:360 
 
 2. Lossing IV:4i4 
 
 3. Shepherii's Van Buren 323 
 
 4. Schouler IV:335 
 
 5. Beaton 11:203 
 
 6. Parton's Jackson 111:636 
 
 7. Schurz's Clay II:i7i 
 
 8. Sargent's Clay 195 
 
 2. Policy AND Tledges OF i. Von Hoist II:4o6 
 
 THE Whigs. 2. Schouler IV:359 
 
 a. Protection 3. Schurz's Clay II:203 
 
 b. The United States Bank. 4. Sargent's Clay 195 
 
 c. Repeal of the Sub Treas- 5. Shepherd's Van Buren 324 
 
 ury Law. 6. Lalor 1:203 
 
 7. Johnston 240 
 
 3. Tyler AND THE Bank. i. Schouler • IV:373 
 
 2. Von Hoist 11:412 
 
 a. The Whig Bill. 3. Schurz's Clay n:i98, 204 
 
 b. The Administration Bill. 4. Benton 11:317 
 
 c. Tyler's Vetoes. 5. Roosevelt's Benton 213 
 
 il. Secession of the Whigs. 6. Lossing 10:417 
 
 7. Sargent's Clay 205 
 
 8. Johnston's Am. Politics 141 
 
 9. Lalor 1:203 
 
 10. Ridpath 441 
 
 4. The Takiff OF 1842. 1. Von Hoist U-AS^ 
 
 2. Bolles . . . 11:4.34 
 
 3. Schouler IV:4o6 
 
 4. Benton 11:307 
 
 5 Blaine 1:192 
 
 6. Perry 561 
 
 7. Schurz's Claj' 223 
 
 8. Johnston's Am. Politics 143 
 
 9. Sargent's Clay 207 
 
 5. Boundary Troubles. i. Lodge's Webster 241, 260 
 
 2. Barrows' Oregon 67 
 
 a. The Northeastern Line. 3. Blaine 1:48 
 
 b. The Northern Frontier. 4. Lossing ni:42i 
 
 c. The Treaty of Washing- 5. vSchouler IV:396, 504 
 
 ton. 6. Von Hoist 111:29 
 
 7. Von Hoist's Calhoun 261 
 
 8. I\rag. of Am. Hist. .Xni:269, XVI:333 
 
 9. Benton n,42o, 660 
 
 10. Roosevelt's Benton 160,218 
 
 11. Schurz's Clay 11:277 
 
 12. Lalor in;947 
 
 13. Ridpath 44' 
 
K2 
 
 Library Mauual of United ISUdcfi llistoiy. 
 
 XXXV. Slavery— Polk's Administration 
 
 1. hKGAh ASPKCT OK Sl.AVKKV 
 
 H. Restriction of the Slave 3. 
 
 Trade. 4. 
 
 b. International vStatus. 5. 
 
 c. Inter-vState Status. 6. 
 
 d. In the Slave States. 7. 
 
 Von Hoist's Calhoun 124 
 
 Henton 11:409 
 
 Greely 1: 17 
 
 Wilson 1:79,439,52s 
 
 vSuniner's Jackson . . . 23, 54, 69 
 
 \'on Hoist 11:314 
 
 Schouler IV:2i6. 343, 398, 401 
 
 2. lMPORT.\NCE OF TkxaS. 
 
 a. Restriction of 1820. 
 
 b. Growth of Free States. 
 
 1. Von Hoist's Calhoun 222 
 
 2. Blaine 1:46 
 
 3. Benton n:58i 
 
 4. Greely I: '47 
 
 5. Wilson 1:587 
 
 6. Lester H:i64 
 
 7. vSchurz's Clay ILSf) 
 
 8. Von Hoist 11:585 
 
 9. Ridpath 445 
 
 .1. The Auolitioxists. 
 
 a. The National Anti-Slavery 
 
 Society. 
 
 b. The Liberty Party. 
 
 1. Greely L107 
 
 2. Schouler IV:474 
 
 3. Blaine 1:22 
 
 4. Wilson 1:248 
 
 5. Schurz's Clay II:70, r63 
 
 6. Roosevelt's Benton 291 
 
 7. vShepherd's Van Buren 325 
 
 8. Von Hoist 11:467 
 
 4. Thk E1.ECT10X OF 1844. 
 
 a. The Democratic Conven- 
 
 tion. 
 
 b. The Whig Platform. 
 
 c. Clay's Letters. 
 
 d. Van Buren's Letters. 
 
 e. Tyler's Campaign. 
 
 1 . Schouler IV:465 
 
 2. Benton 11:591, 625 
 
 3. Blaine 1:30 
 
 4. Shepherd's Van Buren 345 
 
 5. Schurz's Clay H:228 
 
 6. Sargent's Clay 23 1 
 
 7. Lossing IIL423 
 
 ii. The Wilmot Proviso. 
 
 a. The Occasion. 
 
 b. The Debate. 
 
 c. Effects. 
 
 1. Wilson 11:7 
 
 2. Greely 1:185 
 
 3. Roosevelt's Benton 323 
 
 4. Lossing ni:429 
 
 5. Blaine 1:66 
 
 6. Benton 11:294 
 
 7. Schouler IV:543 
 
 8. Shepherd's Van Buren 355 
 
 9. Schurz's Clay 11:285 
 
 10. McLaughlin's Cass ..228,267 
 
 fi. The W.\lker T.\riff. 
 
 :. Perry 563 
 
 2. Blaine I:i9S 
 
 3. BoUes 11:449 
 
 4. vSchouler. IV:5i5 
 
 5. Lossing in:429 
 
84 
 
 Lihrarif Manual of United States Histonj. 
 
 XXXVI. The Annexation of Texas 
 1. Texas Uei-ork 1840. 
 
 a. The Austin Graut 
 
 b. As a Part of Mexico. 
 
 c. Independeuce. 
 
 d. Position of the United 
 
 States. 
 
 1. Von Hoist 11:548,588 
 
 2. Lossing 111:401 
 
 3. Parton's Jackson 111:653 
 
 4. Benton I:66o 
 
 5. Blaine I:2g 
 
 6. Mag. of Am. Hist Vni:376, X:38 
 
 7. Grant's Memoirs 1:47 
 
 8. Lalor HLgai 
 
 9. Morse's J. Q. Adams 266 
 
 10. Seward's J. Q. Adams 272 
 
 1 1. Shepherd's Van Buren 306 
 
 1 2. Lodge's Webster 232 
 
 13. Schurz's Clay 11:86 
 
 14. Greeley I:i47 
 
 15. Wilson 1:587 
 
 . Jackson's Te.xas Policy. 
 
 1. Extend the area of 
 Freedom. 
 
 2. Connivance with Hous- 
 ton. 
 
 3. Recognition. 
 
 1. Von Hoist 11:585 
 
 2. Parton's Jackson ni:582, 655 
 
 3. Bruce's Houston 77 
 
 4. Benton. . , 1:665 
 
 5 Schouler IV:246 
 
 6. Sumner's Jackson 354 
 
 7. Lalor 1:96 
 
 8. Jenkins' Wright 109 
 
 9. Roosevelt's Benton 173 
 
 Van Buren and. \nnexation. 
 
 1. Non-committal Opposi- 
 tion. 
 
 2. Convention with Mex- 
 ico. 
 
 1. Schouler IV:3o2 
 
 2. .Shepherd's Van Buren 306 
 
 3. Von Hoist IL599 
 
 4. Benton 11:94 
 
 5. Morse's J. Q. Adams 267 
 
 6. Wilson L590 
 
 7. Johnson's Garrison . . 327 
 
 8. Roosevelt's Benton 298 
 
 2. Tyler's Poucy. 
 
 a. Executive Action. 
 
 b. Re annexation. 
 
 c. Calhoun's Treaty. 
 
 1. Wilson 1:287 
 
 2. Lossing in:423 
 
 3. Von Hoist n:6i2 
 
 4. Von Hoist's Calluiun 222 
 
 5. Schouler IV:438 
 
 6 Schurz's Clay 11:235 
 
 7. Sargent's Clay 228 
 
 8. Benton 11:581 
 
 9. Roosevelt's Benton 306 
 
 'o. Lodge's Webster 263, 289 
 
 11. McLaughlin's Cass 206 
 
 12. vShepherd's Van Buren 346 
 
 13. Lester n:i64 
 
 14. Sumner's Jackson 352 
 
 15. Jenkins' Calhoun 401 
 
 16. Ridpath 445 
 
8() 
 
 '(/•(/ MniiHdl of Thntcd SdiUs lllxtoi-ii. 
 
 XXXVII. Annexation of Texas 
 1. The Campaign of 1844. 
 
 a. The Clay and Van Bureu 
 
 Letters. 
 
 b. The Democratic Platform. 
 
 c. Clay's Texas Letters. 
 
 d. Manifest Destiny. 
 
 -Conclitd( <l The Oregon Question. 
 
 1. Von Hoist 1:^'57. 677 
 
 2. Blaine 1:26 
 
 3. Benton 11:591 
 
 4. Parton's Jackson 111:653 
 
 5 Bryant 1V:368 
 
 o. Schouler IV:4i 5 
 
 7. Bruce's Houston 1 72 
 
 8. Lossing in:423 
 
 9. Von Hoist's Calhoun 249 
 
 10. Jenkins' Calhoun 405 
 
 11. Magazine of Am. Hist X:38 
 
 12. Greely 1:107 
 
 13. Shepherd's Van Buren 345 
 
 14. Schurz's Clay 11:228 
 
 15. Sargent's Clay 247 
 
 i6. Johnston's Am. Politics 145 
 
 17. Lalor 1:97 
 
 18. Johnston 242 
 
 19. Lodge's Webster 261 
 
 20. Wilson I:6o6 
 
 2T. Ridpath 445 
 
 22. Roosevelt's Benton 290 
 
 Annexation hy Resolu- 
 tion. 
 
 1. The People's Verdict. 
 I). Tyler's Triumph. 
 :. Action of Congress. 
 
 1. Wilson I:6io, 636 
 
 2. Lossing in:424 
 
 3. Blaine 1:39 
 
 4. Von Hoist's Calhoun 250 
 
 5. Jenkins' Calhoun 405 
 
 6. Magazine of Am. History .... X:3S 
 
 7. Benton 11:632 
 
 8. Bruce's Houston 180 
 
 9. vSchouler IV:48i 
 
 10. Schurz's Clay 11:271 
 
 1 1 . Sargent's Clay 260 
 
 12. Roosevelt's Benton 31 1 
 
 13. Windsor VII:55i 
 
 14. Brvant IV:368 
 
 15. Vo'n Hoist IT:7oi 
 
 16. Johnston ... 242 
 
 :i. The Oregon Dispute. 
 
 a. Early Treaties. 
 
 b. The Campaign of 1844. 
 c The vSettlemeut- 
 
 1. Lodge's Webster 260 
 
 2. Lalor 111:34 
 
 3. Barrows' Oregon 212 
 
 4. Schouler IV:504, 508, 510, 529 
 
 5. Von Hoist 111:29 
 
 6. Johnston 241 
 
 7. Laughlin's Cass 222 
 
 8. Schurz's Clay 11:277,292,311 
 
 9. Benton ... II:cf. 
 
 10. Roosevelt's Benton 281 
 
 11. McLaughlin's Cass 224 
 
88 
 
 lAbrunj Mannnl of United IStates History. 
 
 XXXVIII. 
 
 1. Caisks 
 
 The Mexican War. 
 
 JJreach of Neutrality. 
 Recognition of Texas 
 
 1. Von Hoist 11:571 
 
 2. Lossing 111:424 
 
 3. Blaiue 1:67 
 
 4. Schouler IV:247, 481 
 
 5. Grant's Memoirs 1:35 
 
 6. Lalor Illigai 
 
 7. Seward's J. Q. Adams . . 272 
 
 8. Schurz's Clay 11:268 
 
 c. Question of Claims. 
 
 d. Occupation of Texas. 
 
 1. Von Hoist 11:592, 604, 634, 681 
 
 2. Grant's Memoirs 1:55 
 
 3. Schouler IV:254, 525, V:i4 
 
 4. Lossing in:428 
 
 5. Von Hoist 111:93 
 
 6. Lester n:i79 
 
 7. Johnston 251 
 
 e. Annexation of Texas. 
 
 1. Von Hoist n:84, III:io8 
 
 2. Benton 11:639 
 
 3. Lalor 1:96 
 
 4. Lesson 36 
 
 f. The Texas Boundar}-. 
 
 Von Hoist ni:84 
 
 Blaine 1:63 
 
 Schouler IV:528 
 
 Lalor ni:92l 
 
 vSumner's Jackson 35^ 
 
 g. Greed for California. 
 
 Von Hoist ni:io8 
 
 Royce's California 48 
 
 Schouler IV 1528 
 
 Benton 11:688 
 
 Lalor 1:329 
 
 2. Camp.mgxs. 
 
 a. Taylor's Operations. 
 
 b. Scott's Invasion. 
 
 c. Kearney's Overland 
 
 March. 
 
 d. PVemont the Filibuster. 
 
 1. Grant's Memoirs 1:84 
 
 2. Lossing ni:43i 
 
 3. Royce's California 48 
 
 4. Schouler V:84 
 
 5. Benton n:679 
 
 6 Bryant IV:3r)9 
 
 7. Roosevelt's Benton 315 
 
 8. Schurz's Clay 11:284 
 
 9. Lester II:i8o 
 
 10. Johnston 253 
 
 ."!. TnK Trkatv of Gaudr- 
 
 I^Ol'I'E HiDAI.CO. 
 
 1. Blaine 1:64 
 
 2. Schouler V:84 
 
 3. Benton 11:704 
 
 .1. Lossing 111:452 
 
 q. Schurz's Clav n:300 
 
 6. Lester ' 11:195 
 
90 
 
 Librdni MiDixal of I'^iilcd Slntis Ifislun/. 
 
 XXXIX. Slavery in the Territories. 
 
 1. Comparison ok North and 
 SorTH. 
 a. Population. 
 1). Industry. 
 
 c. Wealth. 
 
 d. Kducation. 
 
 Helper's Crisis . 1 1 
 
 Johnston 287 
 
 Lossiug 111:553 
 
 Draper's Civil War I 438 
 
 Schouler . . Vigy 
 
 Von Hoist ni:563 
 
 , Constitutional Quks- 
 
 TIONS. 
 
 a. Fugitive Slaves. 
 
 b. The Slave Trade. 
 
 c Slavery in the Territories. 
 
 1. Wilson n:3i 
 
 2. Benton 1:29, n:729 
 
 3. Roosevelt's Benton 317 
 
 4. Schurz's Clay 11:315 
 
 5- Lalor 11:315 
 
 6. Consult Lesson 25 
 
 7. Davis I:i6, 81 
 
 ;]. Thk Frke Soil IMovKMENT. i. Wilson 
 
 II : 1 40 
 
 a. Democratic Convention 
 
 of 1S48. 
 
 b. Revolt of the Van Rurens 
 
 c. The Buffalo Convention. 
 
 d. John Van Buren. 
 
 8. 
 
 9- 
 10. 
 1 1. 
 
 Schouler V:io3 
 
 .Shepherd's Van Buren 362 
 
 Schurz's Clay 11:319 
 
 McLaughlin's Cass 248,284 
 
 Magazine of Am. History ... 17:58 
 
 Lossing 111:457 
 
 Tilden's Works 1:232 
 
 Tourgee's Hot Plowshares 7 
 
 Lodge's Webster 274, 296 
 
 Lester ...11:333 
 
 4. The California <,>itestion. 
 
 a. The Settlement. 
 
 b. Pree Labor Excludes 
 
 Slavery. 
 
 c. Demands of the South. 
 
 1. Lossing 111:458 
 
 2. Wilson II:2oS 
 
 3. Benton I':793 
 
 4. Schouler V:i3o 
 
 5. Royce's California 246 
 
 6. Schurz's Clay n:3i9 
 
 7. McLaughlin's Cass 267 
 
 8. Magazine of Am. Historv -. 18:194 
 
 9. Bryant ' IV:388 
 
 The Compromise ok 1850. i. 
 
 a. (Question in Issue. 2 
 
 b. Clay's Resolutions. 3. 
 
 c. Attitude of Public Men. 4. 
 1. Clay.. 2. Webster. 5. 
 3. Calhoun. 4. Taylor. 6. 
 5. Fillmore. 7. 
 
 d. TheCompromise ^Measure. 8. 
 
 1. Admission of California. 9. 
 
 2. Organizationof lUahand 10 
 New Nexico. 11. 
 
 3. Purchaseof Tcxaslyands 12. 
 
 4. Abolition of SlaveTrade 13. 
 in District of Columbia. 14. 
 
 5. New Fugitive Slave Law. 
 
 Wilson II:25<) 
 
 Draper's Civil War 1 :405 
 
 Greely 1:198 
 
 Blaine 1:90 
 
 Benton 11:742 
 
 Schouler V:i6i. lo^" 
 
 Schurz's Clay 11:315 
 
 vSargent's Clay 339 
 
 Roosevelt's Benton 330 
 
 Lodge's Webster 297 
 
 McLaughlin's Cass 258 
 
 Von Hoist's Calhoun 335 
 
 Lossing 111:479 
 
 Rhodes 1=99. '20 
 
92 
 
 Ldbrary Manual of United States Histori/. 
 
 XL. The Second Transition Period. 
 
 1. NewPoutical Euhmknts 
 
 a. The Free Soil Sentiment. 
 
 b. The American Part)-. 
 
 c. Divisions Among the 
 
 Whigs. 
 
 d. Southern Disunionism. 
 
 e. Young Americanism. 
 
 1. vSchouler V:io3, 153 
 
 2. Shepherd's Van Buren 362 
 
 3. Wilson 11:338 
 
 4. Lossing 111:457 
 
 5. Von Hoist IV:96, 228 
 
 6. Tourgee's Hot Plowshares 7 
 
 7. Johnston's Am. Politics 159 
 
 b>. Rhodes 1: 196 
 
 9. McLaughlin's Cass 244, 282 
 
 10. Lester 11:339 
 
 2. The New Leaders. 
 
 a Seward, 
 c. Chase, 
 e. Stephens, 
 g. J.VanRuren. 
 
 b. Sumner, 
 d. Davis, 
 f. Yancy. 
 h. Pierce 
 
 Wilson II:i6i 
 
 Lalor of. 
 
 Mag. of Am. Hist 17:58 
 
 Schouler V:272 
 
 Von Hoist IV:40 
 
 Rhodes 1:192, 227, 244, 249 
 
 ."{. Last Services OK Rktikix(; i. Wilson 
 
 11:1 
 
 Leaders. 
 
 a. The Mexican Cessions. 
 
 b. The Compromise of 1850. 
 
 c. The Free Trade Tariff of 
 
 1846. 
 
 d. The Clayton - Rulwer 
 
 Treaty. 
 
 Greeley 1:198 
 
 Blaine 1:89 
 
 vSchouler V:i24, 175, 213 
 
 vSchurz's Clay n:3i5 
 
 Lodges Webster 333 
 
 Von Hoist's Calhoun 291 
 
 Lossing ni:477 
 
 Rhodes . .1:199 
 
 , Finality OF THE Comprom- 
 ise OF 1850. 
 
 a. Position of the Whigs. 
 
 b. Foote's Resolutions. 
 
 c. Hale and Chase. 
 
 d. Fitch's Resolutions. 
 
 I. 
 2. 
 
 3- 
 4- 
 5- 
 6. 
 
 7. 
 8. 
 
 9- 
 10. 
 
 Wilson n:36o 
 
 Blaine 1:97 
 
 Schouler V:2i2 
 
 Lossing in:484 
 
 Schurz's Clay •. . 11:366, 397 
 
 Barrett's Lincoln 119 
 
 Von Hoist loi 
 
 Rhodes L243 
 
 Morse's Lincoln 1:87 
 
 McLaughlin's Cass 279 
 
 5. Campaign ok 1852. 
 
 a. Democratic Platform. 
 
 b. The Whig Program. 
 
 c. The Candidates. 
 
 d. Finality Pledges. 
 
 e. Disruption of the Whig. 
 
 Party. 
 
 1. Wilson n:36o 
 
 2. Blaine 1:99 
 
 3. vSchouler V:239 
 
 4- Lodge's Webster 337 
 
 5. Von Hoist IV: 12 1, 133 
 
 6. Lossing in:493 
 
 7. Johnston's Am. Politics 164 
 
 8. Rhodes 1:243 
 
 9. Bryant IV:402 
 
 10. McLaughlin's Cass 282 
 
 11. Shepherd's Van Buren 375 
 
 12. Johnston 269 
 
'.14 
 
 Lihrai'i Matittal of United Stairs History. 
 
 XLI. The Kansas-Nebraska Bill, 
 1. The First Bill. 
 
 Douglass. 
 
 Atchison's Position. 
 Giddiugs' Views. 
 
 2. THK Nl'W DOCTRINK. 
 
 Precedents. 
 Constitutional. Vrguments. 
 
 1. Wilson 111:378 
 
 2. Greely . 1:224 
 
 3 Blaine I:ii3 
 
 4. Von Hoist ... IV:28o, 2S6 
 
 5. Schouler V:28o 
 
 6. Flint's Douglass 56 
 
 7. Rhodes 1=439 
 
 8. Arnold's Lincoln 109 
 
 9. Thayer's Kansas Crusade i 
 
 1. Draper's Civil War 1:4 13 
 
 2. Wilson 11:381 
 
 3. Blaine 1:114 
 
 4. Schouler V:289 
 
 5. Barrett's Lincoln 120 
 
 6. Herndon's Lincoln 11:364 
 
 7. Arnold's Lincoln 109 
 
 8. Holland's Lincoln 134 
 
 9. Von Hoist IV:290, 334, 377 
 
 10. Lossing 111:504 
 
 11. McLaughlin's Cass 287 
 
 12. F'lint's Douglass 57 
 
 13. Lalor 11:667 
 
 14. Davis 1:26 
 
 15. Rhodes 1:444 
 
 16. Shepherd's Van Buren 376 
 
 17. Morse's Lincoln 1:93 
 
 Finality Pledges Broken. 
 
 a. Constitutional Comprom- 
 
 ises. 
 
 b. The Missouri Agreement. 
 
 c. The Omnibus Measures. 
 
 d. Progressive Demands of 
 
 the South. 
 
 Consult Lesson, VIH, XXV, XXIX 
 
 Lalor L-547 
 
 Von Hoist IV:28o 
 
 Johnston's Am. Politics 167 
 
 vSchouler V:3oi 
 
 Morse's Lincoln 1:82 
 
 , ThK DEn.\TKS IN CONCtRK.SS. 
 
 a. Position of vSouthern Men. 
 
 b. Northern Arguments. 
 
 c. Houston and Benton, 
 
 1. Wilson 11:378, 405 
 
 2. Schouler . • ..V:283 
 
 3. Blaine I:ii5 
 
 4. Roosevelt's Benton 348 
 
 d. The Independent Demo- S. Von Hoist IV:3oi 
 
 crats. 6. Wilson 11:384 
 
 7. Rhodes 1:425,441,444 
 
 General 
 
 SfLTS. 
 
 a. Division 
 
 racy. 
 
 b. Dissolution of the 
 
 Party. 
 
 c. Union of the Restriction 
 
 ists. 
 
 d. The Republican Party. 
 
 Political Re 
 of the Democ- 
 Whig 
 
 1. Wilson 11:406 
 
 2. Blaine I. :ii6 
 
 3. Schouler V:305 
 
 4. Herndon's Lincoln 364 
 
 5. Barrett's Lincoln 12S 
 
 6. Morse's Lincoln 95 
 
 7. Rhodes 11:45 
 
90 
 
 Librarij Manual of Uniird iiintc^ llhtorij. 
 
 XLII. The Struggle for Kansas 
 1. Preliminary. 
 
 a Exultation in the South. 
 b. Despair of the Restric- 
 
 tionists. 
 c Will the North Contest ? 
 
 1. Greeley 1:225 
 
 2. Thayer's Kansas Crusade i 
 
 3. wSpring's Kansas i 
 
 4. Robinson's Kansas Conflict 
 
 5. Schouler V:283, 292 
 
 6 Von Hoist IV:403 
 
 7. Rhodes 1:494 
 
 8. Wilson 11:402 
 
 9. Davis 1:29 
 
 10. Holland's Lincoln 144 
 
 1 1. Arnold's Lincoln 108 
 
 12. Herndon's Lincoln 361 
 
 13. Sanborn's John Brown 160 
 
 . The Missouri Program. 
 
 a. Atchison. 
 
 b. Settlement without Res- 
 
 idence. 
 
 c. Votes withoutCitizenship. 
 
 d. The Missouri Border. 
 
 Spring's Kansas 24 
 
 Wilson 11:467 
 
 Blaine I:ii8 
 
 vSchouler V:344 
 
 Von Hoist V:7i, 284 
 
 Robinson's Kansas Conflict 93 
 
 Rhodes 11:78 
 
 Sanborn's John Brown . . ....164 
 
 Robinson's Kansas 13 
 
 Morse's Lincoln 11:98 
 
 Arnold's Lincoln U2 
 
 .83 
 
 '.I The Kansas Crusade. 
 
 a. Thayer's Plan of Freedom. 
 
 b. Emigrant Aid Society. 
 
 c. OreeleyArouses the North. 
 
 d. The North Occupies Kan- 
 
 sas. 
 
 e. The Border War. 
 
 1. Thayer's Kansas Crusade 18, 36 
 
 2. Spring's Kansas 59 
 
 3. Wilson 11:464 
 
 4. Schouler V:3i7 
 
 5. Von Hoist V:i38, 355 
 
 6. Robinson's Kansas Conflict 67 
 
 7. Rhodes 11:78 
 
 8. Robinson's Kansas. . . 'O 
 
 9. Arnold's Lincoln 113 
 
 10. Sanborn's John Brown 170 
 
 1 1. Ridpath's John Brown 103 
 
 4. Position OK THE Abolition- 
 ists. 
 
 a. Compromise Rejected. 
 
 b. Opposition to Thayer's 
 
 Plan. 
 
 1. Thayer's Kansas Crusade 74 
 
 2. vSpring's Kansas 31 
 
 3. Robinson's Kansas Conflict 302 
 
 4. Sanborn's John Brown 166 
 
 5. Ridpath's John Brown 75 
 
 5. John Brown. 
 
 1. Spring's Kansas 137 
 
 2. Ridpath's John Brown cf. 
 
 3. Sanborn's John Brown cf. 
 
 4. Von Hoist V:309 
 
 5. Lalor 1:310 
 
 6. Rhodes II:i6i 
 
!I8 
 
 Lihianj MiDiunl of I'liittd Stnfc.^ Ilistmji. 
 
 XLIII. The Struggle for Kansas— ('o)iclud(d. 
 
 1. Thk Frkk State Pkogram. 
 
 a. Territorial Goverumeut 
 
 Ignored, 
 h. TheTopekaConstitution. 
 
 c. Agitation Through the 
 
 North. 
 
 d. Appeal to Congress. 
 
 Spring's Kansas 59 
 
 Wilson 11:496 
 
 3. Schouler V:328 
 
 4. Von Hoist V:i63, 275, 2S1 
 
 5 Lossing 111:51s 
 
 6. Draper's Civil War 1:415 
 
 7. Thayer's Kansas Crusade 202 
 
 8. Robinson's Kansas Conflict 153 
 
 9. Rhodes 11:107 
 
 10. Sanborn's John Brown 247 
 
 2. The Lecompton Striggi.e. i. 
 
 a. The Convention. 
 
 b. The People Disfranchised, 
 c The Constitution in Con- 
 gress. 
 
 d. Douglass',Stand for Right. 
 
 e. The English Bill. 
 
 f. Kansas Rejects the Bribe. 
 
 vSpring's Kansas 219 
 
 ^Vilson 11:534. 557 
 
 Blaine ... I:'38 
 
 Schouler V:383 
 
 Lossing 111:535 
 
 McLaughlin's Cass 310 
 
 Flint's Douglass. . 95 
 
 Draper's Civil War 1:416 
 
 Arnold's Lincoln 128 
 
 Logan 44 
 
 Rhodes 11:283 
 
 Robinson's Kansas Conflict . . 369 
 Von Ilolst V:376 
 
 The Wyandotte Consti- 
 tution. 
 
 Spring's Kansas 262 
 
 Wilson 11:627 
 
 Logan 45 
 
 Robinson's Kansas Conflict 425 
 
 4. TheAssaui^t ON Sumner. 
 
 a. " The Crime Against Kan- 
 
 sas." 
 
 b. Butler and Brooks. 
 
 c. vState of Public Mind in 
 
 the South. 
 
 d. Northern Public Opinion. 
 
 Wilson IL478 
 
 McLaughlin's Cass 314 
 
 Lossing 111:518 
 
 Great Events 437 
 
 Schouler V:343 
 
 Von Hoist V:5I3 
 
 Blaine 1:129 
 
 Sumner's Speech of. 
 
 Arnold's Lincoln 170 
 
 Morse's Lincoln Lioo 
 
 I . 
 2. 
 
 4- 
 
 5- 
 6 
 
 "■ 
 8. 
 
 9- 
 10. 
 II. Lester 
 
 11:3^9 
 
 ."). Leaders in the Strike. 
 
 a. Thayer. 
 
 b. Lane. 
 
 c. Robinson. 
 
 d. John Brown. 
 
 1. Thayer's Kansas Crusade i 
 
 2. Prentis' Miscellanies 104 
 
 3. Spring's Kansas i 
 
 4. Von Hoist V:5i3 
 
 5. Wilson n:476 
 
 (>. Ridpath's John Brown i 
 
 7. Sanborn's John Brown cf. 
 
 8. Robinson's Kan. Confl. . .391,434,482 
 
100 
 
 Lihrarif Mo.nunl of United States History. 
 
 XLIV. The Last Struggle of Slavery in Politics. 
 
 1. The Dred Scott Dkcisiox. i. 
 
 2. 
 
 a. The Case. 3. 
 
 b. Questions at Issue. 4, 
 
 c. Early Trials. 5. 
 
 d. Tauey's Decision. 0. 
 
 e. The Dissenting Opinions. 7 
 
 8. 
 
 9- 
 10. 
 
 1 1. 
 12. 
 
 13- 
 14. 
 
 15. 
 
 Lossing 111:522, 
 
 Barrett's Lincoln 
 
 Wilson II 
 
 Greely I 
 
 Blaine I 
 
 Schouler V 
 
 INIcLaughlin's Cass 
 
 Draper's Civil War I: 
 
 Logan 
 
 Von Hoist VI 
 
 Arnold's Lincoln 130, 
 
 Rhodes 11:255, 265, 332, 334, 
 
 Lalor . . I: 
 
 Johnson's Garrison 
 
 Johnston's Am. Politics 
 
 527 
 13.1 
 523 
 
 25« 
 
 '30 
 376 
 320 
 407 
 .60 
 :cf. 
 244 
 
 34« 
 838 
 
 380 
 
 '79 
 
 2. TheLin'coi.x DOUOL.^SS De- 
 H.\TE. 
 
 a. The Debates. 
 
 b. The Questions Discussed. 
 
 c. Political Results. 
 
 . The Cami'.\igx OF 1S60. 1 
 
 a. The Republican Party. 2 
 
 1. TheChicagoConvention. 3 
 
 2. The Restriction Platform 4 
 ■ 3. The Candidates. 5 
 
 b. The Douglass Democracy, f) 
 
 1. The Charleston Conven- 7 
 tion. 8 
 
 2. Popular Sovereignty Af- 9 
 firmed. 10 
 
 3. Withdrawal of theSouth- u 
 ern Delegates. 12 
 
 4- Strength of the Party. 13 
 
 c. The Southern Democracy. 14 
 
 1. The Second Convention. 15 
 
 2. The Issues Made. 16 
 
 3. The Doctrine and Threat iS 
 of Secession. 19 
 
 d. The Union Party. 20 
 
 1. Last Rally of the Com- 21 
 promisers. 
 
 2. Evasion of Issues as a 
 Remedy. 
 
 3. Strength of the Party. 
 
 Wilson 11:566 
 
 Blaine I:i43 
 
 Schouler V:4io 
 
 Lossing III:cf. 
 
 Barrett's Lincoln 141 
 
 Arnold's Lincoln 153 
 
 Holland's Lincoln 154, 179 
 
 Herndon's Lincoln 390 
 
 Morse's Lincoln I:i 10 
 
 Logan 673 
 
 Rhodes H :307 
 
 Lalor 11:770 
 
 Von Hoist VI:cf. 
 
 WMlson 11:673, 689 
 
 Greely 1 :299 
 
 Blaine I:i57, 163, 164, 166 
 
 Barrett's Lincoln 190 
 
 Arnold's Lincoln 124, 161 
 
 Holland's Lincoln 218 
 
 Herndon's Lincoln 461 
 
 Morse's Lincoln I:i6r 
 
 Lossing 111:521,551,552 
 
 Schouler V:454, 456,459 
 
 Davis 1:49. 5' 
 
 McLaughlin's Cass 332 
 
 Lester n:344 
 
 Lalor 11:770, 111:597 
 
 Johnston 289 
 
 Johnston's .\ni. Politics 189 
 
 Pollard's Davis 53 
 
 Stephens 1:271 
 
 Boyd's Blaine 179 
 
 Davis 47 
 
102 
 
 Library Manuul of United States History. 
 
 XLV. The Secession "War. 
 
 1. INAUGIRATION OF LINCOLN. 
 
 a. The Journey to Washiug- 
 
 ton. 
 
 b. ThelkiltimoreConspiracy. 
 
 c. The InauKnral Address. 
 
 2. The Peace Congress. 
 
 a. 
 
 The Conciliation Demo- 3. 
 
 
 crats. 4. 
 
 b. 
 
 Membership of the Con- 5. 
 
 
 gress. 6. 
 
 c. 
 
 Results. 7. 
 
 
 8. 
 
 
 9- 
 
 
 10. 
 
 Herndon's Lincoln 469 
 
 Arnold's Lincoln 1S8 
 
 Holland's Lincoln 249, 277 
 
 Barrett's Lincoln cf. 
 
 Morse's Lincoln 211 
 
 Chittenden 58,84 
 
 Logan 139 
 
 Century XIII:265 
 
 Greely. 1:407 
 
 Wilson III:i73 
 
 Draper's Civil War 11:13 
 
 Lossing IV: 12 
 
 Chittenden 23 
 
 Greely 1:38^ 
 
 Blaine 1:258 
 
 Logan. . . 145 
 
 Lalor 1:578 
 
 Wilson 111:83 
 
 Davis 1:247 
 
 Arnold's Lincoln I'd 
 
 Morse's Lincoln 1:203, 204, 218 
 
 Davis 1:247 
 
 :i. The Confederate Pro- 
 gram. 
 
 a. Organization of the Con 
 federacy. 
 
 1). Seizure of Federal Prop- 
 erty. 
 
 c. Attack on Sumter. 
 
 1. Draper's Civil War 1:528 
 
 2. Greely 1:440 
 
 3. Century XIII:8i9 
 
 4. Stephens , .11:340 
 
 5. Wilson 111:109 
 
 6. Lossing IV:i8, 55 
 
 7. Davis 11:199, 228, 296 
 
 8. Pollard's Davis 87 
 
 The Union Program. 
 
 a. The " Expectant Treat- 
 
 ment." 
 
 b. Different Issues in the 
 
 North. 
 
 c. Lincoln's Ideas. 
 
 Draper's Civil War 11:68 
 
 Logan 1 39 
 
 Century XIII:265 
 
 Blaine. 292 
 
 Lossing. ... IV:56 
 
 3. Organiz.\txon of Armies, i. 
 
 a. The Regular Forces. 
 
 b. The Militia. 
 
 c. The Volunteers. 
 (1. The Conscripts. 
 
 e. Army Officers. 
 
 f. Resignation of Southern 
 
 Officers. 
 
 g. Loyal Southern Officers. 
 
 Barrett's Lincoln 274 
 
 Morse's Lincoln 1:251, 303 
 
 Arnold's Lincoln 204 
 
 Blaine 1:292 
 
 Greely 1 :499 
 
 Draper's Civil War II:iS6 
 
 Logan 1 89 
 
 Century XIII:707, 898 
 
 Chittenden ... 149 
 
 Wilson 111:211 
 
 Grant's Memoirs 1 :229 
 
 Lossing IV:375 
 
104 
 
 Library Maniml of United States Histoi-y. 
 
 XL VI. The Civil W&r—Contiimed. 
 
 1. The Kxtinction of Slav- 
 ery. 
 
 a. Butler's Contraband Or- 
 
 der. 
 
 b. Fremont's Proclamation. 
 
 c. Hunter's Orders. 
 
 d. Abolition in District of 
 
 Columbia. 
 
 e. Emancipation Proclama- 
 
 tion. 
 
 f. Emancipation in the Bor- 
 
 der States. 
 
 g. The Thirteenth Amend- 
 
 ment. 
 
 1. Draper's Civil War 11:590 
 
 2. Wilson 111:286 
 
 3. Logan 376 
 
 4. Herndon's Lincoln 547 
 
 5. Arnold's Lincoln 207, 232 
 
 6. Holland's Lincoln 337 
 
 7. Morse's Lincoln n:i,95 
 
 8. Lossing IV:86, 147, 191 
 
 9. Greely n:232 
 
 10. Century XV:276,440, 6S9 
 
 11. Chittenden. 335 
 
 12. Davis .11:179 
 
 13. Lalor 11:76 
 
 14. Johnston 323 
 
 15. Johnston's Am. Politics 201 
 
 6. Lester n:349. 359 
 
 2. COPPERHEADISM. 
 
 a. Indiana and Ohio. 
 
 b. Knights of the Golden 
 
 Circle. 
 
 c. Valandingham. 
 
 1. Blaine 1:48° 
 
 2. Logan 255 
 
 3. Arnold's Lincoln 3iii37'>39' 
 
 4. Holland's Lincoln 41° 
 
 5. Morse's Lincoln n:i85 
 
 6. Lalor 1:782 
 
 7. Draper 11:579 
 
 3. Foreign Relations. 
 
 a. European Sentiment. 
 
 b. The Trent Affair. 
 
 c. French Occupation 
 
 Mexico. 
 
 d. Position of Russia 
 
 3- 
 
 4- 
 
 of 5- 
 
 6. 
 
 7. 
 8. 
 
 
 9- 
 lo. 
 
 
 II. 
 
 
 12. 
 
 
 13- 
 14. 
 
 The Border State.s. 
 
 I. 
 
 a. Virginia. 
 
 b. Maryland. 
 
 c. Kentucky. 
 
 d. Missouri. 
 
 e. West Virginia. 
 
 3- 
 4- 
 5- 
 6. 
 
 /• 
 
 f. Tennessee. 
 
 8. 
 
 
 9- 
 10. 
 
 
 ri. 
 
 Draper 11:501,515 
 
 Lossing IV:62 
 
 Blaine 1:580 
 
 McCarthy 'sOurOwnTimes. . .111:233 
 
 Mag. of Am History XV:278, 558 
 
 Chittenden 132, 194 
 
 Arnold's Lincoln 234 
 
 Holland's Lincoln 339 
 
 Morse's Lincoln 1:368 
 
 Seward's Works of. 
 
 Lalor 111:949 
 
 Davis 1:470 
 
 Johnston 306 
 
 Lester 11:35 • 
 
 Lossing IV:22, 26, 37, 39 
 
 Wilson 111:184, 301 
 
 Draper 11=79 
 
 Carr's Missouri 267 
 
 Greely 1:516.572 
 
 Blaine 1:457 
 
 Chittenden 120 
 
 Arnold'sLincoln 300 
 
 Morse's Lincoln 1:269 
 
 Davis 1:330, 403 
 
 Sherman's Memoirs 1=225, 240 
 
10(> 
 
 Library Manual of United States History. 
 
 XLVII. The Finances of the Civil War. 
 
 1. National Credit IN i860. i. 
 
 a. Scanty Revenue. 
 1). Knipty Treasury. 
 c. Devious Financiering. 
 
 3- 
 4. 
 5. 
 6. 
 
 7- 
 8. 
 
 9- 
 10. 
 
 Blaine 1=396 
 
 Bolles 111:4 
 
 Century XV:533 
 
 Perry 404 
 
 Draper 11:553 
 
 Schouler V:4i9 
 
 National Loans 74 
 
 Johnston's Am. Politics 197 
 
 Boyd's Blaine 197 
 
 Chittenden 179 
 
 Suspension of Specie Pay- 
 ments. 
 
 1. Blaine 1:407 
 
 2. Bolles 111:34 
 
 3. Century XV:553 
 
 4. Lalor 974 
 
 5. Draper 11:567 
 
 6. Perry 4^4 
 
 Income ok the United i. Bolles HI:' 59 
 
 States. 2. Blaine 1:429 
 
 a. Taxation. 3. Perry 567 
 
 1. Direct. 4. Johnston's Am. Politics. .. .200, 201 
 
 2. Indirect. 5. Lalor 111:865 
 
 b. Loans. 
 
 1. The 150-milliou Loan. 
 
 2. Permanent and Tempo- 
 rary Loans. 
 
 3. The 600-million Loan. 
 
 1. Bolles III:20, 87 
 
 2. Blaine 1:403 
 
 3. Draper 11:496,558 
 
 4. Loan Laws 147, 154 
 
 5. National Loans 78 
 
 6. Lossing IV:52 
 
 c. Issues of Paper Money. 
 
 1. TheDemaud Notesof 61. 
 
 2. The Greenbacks. 
 
 1. Amounts Issued. 
 
 2. The Exception Clause. 
 
 3. Depreciation. 
 
 I. 
 
 2. 
 
 3- 
 4- 
 5- 
 6. 
 
 7. 
 8. 
 
 9. 
 10. 
 
 Blaine 1:401 
 
 Bolles 111:15, 43, 130 
 
 Perrv 405 
 
 Draper 11:568 
 
 Emory 23 
 
 National Loans 153 
 
 Loan Laws 135 
 
 Chittenden 284, 296 
 
 Lalor 111:972 
 
 Chittenden 284, 296 
 
 The National Banking 
 
 SV.STEM. 
 
 a. Banking Before 1862. 
 
 b. Objects of the New Plan. 
 
 c. Action of the State Banks. 
 
 d. Operation of the Law. 
 
 e. Profits of the Business. 
 
 1. Bolles 111:197 
 
 2. Perry 404 
 
 3. Blaine 1:470 
 
 4. Draper 111:495 
 
 5. Richardson 33 
 
 (>. Emery 33 
 
 7. Johnston's Am. Politics 204 
 
 8. Lalor 1:215 
 
 9. Loan Laws 319 
 
108 
 
 Libi'cn-y Manual of United States Historp. 
 
 XL VIII. Johnson's Administration. 
 
 ]. RECON'STRUCTIOX. 
 a. Lincoln's Plan. 
 
 1. lUaiue 11:34 
 
 2. Lalor 111:542 
 
 3. Wilson 111:516 
 
 4. ( lillett 297 
 
 5. Arnold's Lincoln 413 
 
 6. Holland's Lincoln 476 
 
 7. Morse's Lincoln 217 
 
 .8. vSherman's Memoirs 11:^26 
 
 b. Johnson's Plan. 
 
 1. Treason must be Pun- 
 ished. 
 
 2. Facing About. 
 
 3. Social Influences. 
 
 4. The Presidential Plan. 
 
 5. Legislation intheSouth. 
 
 1. Blaine 11:56, 83 
 
 2. Lalor 111:543 
 
 3. Wilson 111:291 
 
 4. Lossing IV:54i 
 
 5. I'lower . . 289 
 
 6. Johnston 367 
 
 7. Montgomery 326 
 
 8. Johnston's Am. Politics 207 
 
 Plan of Congress. 
 
 1. Principles Involved. 
 
 2. Failure. 
 
 1. Wilson III:6c3 
 
 2. Thirty-ninth Congress 307, 310 
 
 3. Blaine II:iu 
 
 4. Lalor 111:546 
 
 5. Gillett 307 
 
 6. Johnston's Am. Politics 209 
 
 7. Montgomer}' 328 
 
 8. Johnston 370 
 
 9. Rowland's Grant 433 
 
 10. Lossing IV:555 
 
 d. Reconstruction Results. i. 
 
 Logan 307 
 
 Lalor 111:554 
 
 Tourgee's Fool's Errand cf. 
 
 Tourgee's Bricks Without Straw, .cf. 
 
 Johnston 371 
 
 Lossing IV:552 
 
 2. Johnson and Congress. 
 
 1. Reconstruction. 
 
 2. Tenure of OfBce Act. 
 
 3. Impeachment. 
 
 1 . Trial of Andrew Johnson Ill 
 
 2. Thirty-ninth Congress 561 
 
 3. Blaine II:i88, 345 
 
 4. Lalor 11:482, 111:901 
 
 5. Lossing IV:555 
 
 6. Gillett 362 
 
 3. Purchase OF Alaska. 
 
 1. Seward's Works V:6oi 
 
 2. Lalor 1:98 
 
 3. Johnston 366 
 
 4. Montgomery 331 
 
 4. Finances. 
 
 a. I'^'undedai.d FloatingDebt. 
 
 b. Paying and Refunding, 
 
 1. Blaine 11:397 
 
 2. BoUes 111:305 
 
 3. Loan Laws 167 
 
110 
 
 Library Manual of Vniicd Statca IJif^tnni. 
 
 XLIX. Grant's Administration. 
 1. Foreign Relations. 
 
 Treaty of Washington. 
 
 1. The. \labania Claims. 
 
 2. The Northwestern Boun- 
 dary. 
 
 3- The Fisheries Disputes. 
 
 b. The San Domingo Treaty, i. 
 
 2. The Credit Mouilier 
 Frauds. 
 
 'A. F'iNANciAL Affairs. 
 a. The Panic of 1873. 
 
 b. The Demonetization of 
 Silver. 
 
 c. The Legal Tender De- 
 cision. 
 
 1. First Decision. 
 
 2. Changes in the Court. 
 
 3. Second Decision. 
 
 I.Johnston 375 
 
 2. Montgomery ... 339 
 
 3. Lossing IV:570 
 
 4. Blaine 11:476, 4^5, 488, 496, 499 
 
 5. Johnston's Am. Politics 225 
 
 6 Lalor 1:42 
 
 7. Cushing's Treaty of Washing- 
 ton 15, 187, 203 
 
 8. Ridpath 555, 557 
 
 Hlaine 11:458 
 
 2. Ridpath 555 
 
 3. Lalor 111:675 
 
 4. Grant's Memoirs 11=550 
 
 I. John.ston 382 
 
 2 Blaine 11:507 
 
 3. Montgomery 332 
 
 4. Lalor 11:709 
 
 5. Johnston's Am. Politics 231 
 
 6. Ridpath 560 
 
 1. Johnston 377 
 
 2. Blaine II:56i 
 
 3. INIontgomery 337 
 
 4. Lossing IV:575 
 
 5. Ridpath 560 
 
 6. Perry .409 
 
 1 . Johnston 390 
 
 2. Ridpath 637 
 
 3. Bolles 111:377 
 
 4. Loan Laws 252 
 
 1. Bolles in:25i 
 
 2. Johnston's Am. Politics 222 
 
 3. Perry 407 
 
 4 Smalley's Republican Party 52 
 
 5. Lalor in:986 
 
 End of the Recon.struc- 
 TioN Period. 
 
 a. The Constitutional 
 
 Amendments. 
 
 b. Condition of the South. 
 
 c. Negro vSuffrage. 
 
 d. The Ku-Klu.\- Klan. 
 
 1. Johnston's Am. Politics . . . 221, 223 
 
 2. Ridpath 553.559 
 
 3. Johnston 380 
 
 4. Lalor 111:554 
 
 5. Tourgee's Bricks Without Straw, cf 
 
 6. Tourgee's Fool's Errand. ... cf. 
 
 7. Report of Congressional Com- 
 mittee cf. 
 
 8. Blaine 11:468 
 
 Wilson 111:631 
 
 Flower 418, 428 
 
 Smalley's Republican Partj' 48 
 
 Lossing IV:56o 
 
 9- 
 10. 
 1 1. 
 12. 
 
112 
 
 Libmri/ 3Iam(al of Ihiited States History. 
 
 L. Conclusion— 1876-1893. 
 
 1. The Electoral Crisis of 
 1876. 
 
 a. The Campaign. 
 
 b. The Disputed States. 
 
 c. The"VisitingvStatesmeu. " 
 
 d. Debates of Congress. 
 
 e. The)-ClectoralConimission. 
 
 1. Johnston's .\ni. Politics 244 
 
 2. Ridpath 631 
 
 3. Blaine 11:567 
 
 4. Lalor 11:51 
 
 5. Johnston 384 
 
 6. Flower 331 
 
 7. Snialley's Republican Party . . .57,59 
 
 8. Appleton's Annual Cyclo 1S77 
 
 9. B.oyd's Blaine 412 
 
 Financial Affairs. 
 
 a. The Bland Silver Law. 
 
 b. The Resumption of Specie 
 
 Payments, 
 c The Sherman Silver Law. 
 
 d. The Tariff Revision of '84. 
 
 e. The McKinley Tariff. 
 
 1. Holies 111:263, 390 
 
 2. Smalley's Republican Party 67 
 
 3. Montgomery 342. 
 
 4. Johnston's Am. Politics 250 
 
 5. Ridpath 636, 641, 663 
 
 6 Johnston 389 
 
 7. Loan Laws 271 
 
 8. Blaine II:6o2 
 
 9. Lalor 111:866 
 
 10. Boyd's Blaine. 
 
 .416 
 
 , INDU.STRIAL Troubles and 
 Organiz.\tion. 
 
 a. The Patrons of Husbandr\-. 
 
 b. The Knights of Ivabor. 
 c The Strikes of 1S77. 
 
 d. The Confederation of 
 
 Labor. 
 
 e. The Farmers Alliance. 
 
 1. Lossing 1V:577 
 
 2. Lalor 11:386 
 
 3. Ridpath 634 
 
 4. Ely's Labor Movement • . ■ 73, 76, 88 
 
 5. Voice of Labor 193, 375 
 
 6. The Story of Labor 626, 641 
 
 7. Johnston 388 
 
 8. Montgomery 340, 351 
 
 9. Bryce 11:385 
 
 10. Johnston's Am. Politics 263 
 
 1 1 . Sheldon 4°? 
 
 4. The Chinese Question. 
 
 1. Lalor 1:409 
 
 2. Seward 136 
 
 3. Blaine 11:651 
 
 4. Johnston 391 
 
 5. Bryce 1:718, 11:290, 399, 404. 407 
 
 6. Sheldon 389 
 
 .'). Civil Service Reform. 
 
 a. The Civil Service to Jack- 
 
 son. 
 
 b. The Spoils System. 
 
 c Beginning of the Reform, 
 d. The Pendleton Law. 
 
 1. Consult Lesson XXVIII 
 
 2. Blaine 11:644 
 
 3. Lalor 11:478 
 
 4. Johnston's Am Politics 260 
 
 5. Lossing .'..IV:572 
 
 6. Montgomery 349 
 
 7. Smalley's Republican Party 77 
 
 8. Johnston 397 
 
 9. Ridpath 640 
 
 10. Sheldon . . . .249, 386, 389, 392, 405 
 
 11. Bryce I:6i6, 11:25, 131, 156, 489 
 
CURRENCY CONDITION 
 
 IBOO-IMQ.'^. 
 
 Date. 
 July I si 
 
 860 
 861 
 862 
 863 
 864 
 865 
 866 
 S67 
 868 
 869 
 870 
 S71 
 872 
 
 873 
 874 
 
 875 
 876 
 
 877 
 878 
 879 
 880 
 
 887 
 
 890 
 891 
 892 
 
 Populalion. 
 
 31,443,321 
 32,064,000 
 32,704,000 
 33.365.000 
 34,046,000 
 34,748,000 
 35,469,000 
 36,211 ,000 
 36,973,000 
 37,756,000 
 
 38,588.371 
 39.555,000 
 40,596,000 
 41,667,000 
 42,796,000 
 43, 95'. f" 00 
 45,136,000 
 46,353,000 
 47,598,000 
 48,866,000 
 
 50,155,783 
 51,316,000 
 52,495,000 
 53,693,000 
 54,911,000 
 56,148,000 
 57,404,001 
 58,680,000 
 59,974,000 
 61,289,000 
 62,622,000 
 63,975,000 
 65,520,000 
 65,946,000 
 
 CTT E.ItElTC"5r . 
 
 Total Stock. 
 
 ; 442,102,477 
 452,005,767 
 333,452,079 
 649,867,283 
 680,588,067 
 745,129,755 
 729,327,254 
 703,200,6' 2 
 691,553,578 
 690,351,180 
 697,868,461 
 716,812,174 
 
 737,721,565 
 749,445.610 
 781,024,781 
 
 773,273.509 
 765,683,284 
 738,053,847 
 766,253,576 
 1,051,521,541 
 1,205,929,107 
 1,406,541,675 
 1,480,531,719 
 1,643,489,816 
 1,705,454,189 
 1.817,658,336 
 T, 8085,59, 694 
 1,900,442,672 
 2,062,955,949 
 2.075.350,711 
 2,144,226,159 
 2,195,224,075 
 2,371,224,734 
 2,120.281,093 
 
 In Treasury. 
 
 6,695,225 
 3,600,000 
 23,754,335 
 79,473,245 
 35,946,589 
 55,426,760 
 80,839,010 
 66,208,543 
 36,449,917 
 50,898,289 
 47,655,667 
 25,923,169 
 24,412,016 
 22,563,801 
 29,941,750 
 44, '71,562 
 63,073,896 
 40,738,964 
 62,120.942 
 232,889,748 
 232,546,969 
 
 292,303,704 
 306,241,300 
 4'3. 184,120 
 461,528,220 
 521,089,721 
 555,859,169 
 582,903,529 
 690,785.079 
 694,989,062 
 714,974,889 
 697.783,368 
 768,151,396 
 526,554,682 
 
 In Circulation. 
 
 Per 
 Capita 
 Circ'n. 
 
 435,407,252 
 448,405,767 
 334,697.744 
 595,394,038 
 669,641,478 
 714,702,995 
 673,488,244 
 661,992,069 
 680,103,661 
 664,452,891 
 675,212,794 
 715,889,005 
 
 738,309.549 
 751,881.809 
 776,083,031 
 
 754,101,947 
 727,609,388 
 
 722,314,883 
 
 729,132,634 
 818,631,793 
 973,382,228 
 .114,238,119 
 ,174,290,419 
 ,230,305,696 
 
 ,243,925,969 
 ,292,568,615 
 ,252,700,525 
 
 ,317. 539, '43 
 ,372,170,870 
 ,380,361,649 
 ,429,251,270 
 
 497,440,707 
 ,603,073,388 
 
 ,583,726,411 
 
 85 
 98 
 
 23 
 
 84 
 
 67 
 
 20 57 
 
 8 99 
 
 8 28 
 
 8 39 
 7 60 
 
 7 50 
 
 8 10 
 8 19 
 8 04 
 
 8 13 
 16 
 12 
 
 7 
 6 
 
 5 
 5 
 6 
 
 9 
 21 
 22 
 22 91 
 
 22 65 
 
 23 02 
 
 21 82 
 
 22 45 
 22 88 
 22 52 
 
 22 82 
 
 23 41 
 
 24 47 
 23 86 
 
 Taken from Reports of the Treasury Departfiienf. 
 
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Snmniary of Pomilar and Electoral Votes In Presiflentlal ElectloDS, 
 
 1789—1888. 
 
 
 in 
 
 ui 
 
 
 
 
 
 OJ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 u 
 a 
 
 > 
 
 
 d 
 
 ■3> 
 
 W 
 
 Party. 
 
 President. 
 
 
 Popular 
 Vote. 
 
 
 
 
 
 V 
 
 W 
 
 17S9 
 
 10 
 
 73 
 
 
 George Washington, 
 John Adams, 
 Scattering, 
 Vacc-ncies, 
 
 
 
 69 
 
 34 
 
 35 
 
 4 
 
 1792 
 
 15 
 
 135 
 
 Federalist, 
 
 Federalist, 
 
 Republicau, 
 
 Republican, 
 
 Republican. 
 
 George Washington, 
 John Adams, 
 George Clinton, 
 Thoma- Jefferson, 
 Aaron Burr, 
 Vacancies, 
 
 
 
 132 
 
 77 
 
 50 
 
 4 
 
 I 
 
 3 
 
 1796 
 
 16 
 
 13^ 
 
 Federalist, 
 Republican, 
 Federalist, 
 Republican, * 
 
 John Adams, 
 Thomas Jefferson, 
 Thomas Pinckney, 
 Aaron Burr, 
 .Scattering, 
 
 
 
 71 
 68 
 59 
 30 
 
 48 
 
 iSoo 
 
 16 
 
 138 
 
 Republican, 
 
 Republican. 
 
 Federalist, 
 
 Federalist. 
 
 Federalist. 
 
 Thomas Jefferson. 
 Aaron Burr. 
 John Adams, 
 Charles 0. r'inckney, 
 John Ja3% 
 
 
 
 73 
 73 
 65 
 64 
 
 I 
 
 1S04 
 
 17 
 
 167 
 
 Republican, 
 
 Thomas Jefferson, 
 
 15 
 
 
 162 
 
 
 
 
 F"edetalist, 
 
 Charles C Pinckney, 
 
 2 
 
 
 14 
 
 180S 
 
 17 
 
 176 
 
 Republican, 
 Republican, 
 
 James Madison, 
 George Clinton, 
 
 12 
 
 
 122 
 6 
 
 
 
 
 Federalist, 
 
 Charles C, Pinckney, 
 Vacancy, 
 
 5 
 
 
 47 
 
 I 
 
 l8l2 
 
 i8 
 
 21S 
 
 Republican, 
 
 James Madison, 
 
 II 
 
 
 1 28 
 
 
 
 
 Federalist, 
 
 De Witt Clinton, 
 Vacancy, 
 
 7 
 
 
 89 
 
 I 
 
 1816 
 
 19 
 
 221 
 
 Republican. 
 
 James Monroe, 
 
 16 
 
 
 183 
 
 
 
 
 Federalist, 
 
 RufusKing, 
 Vacancies, 
 
 3 
 
 
 34 
 4 
 
 1S20 
 
 24 
 
 235 
 
 Republican, 
 
 James Monroe, 
 
 John 0. Adams, 
 
 Vacancies, 
 
 24 
 
 
 231 
 
 I 
 3 
 
 1S24 
 
 24 
 
 261 
 
 Republican, 
 
 Andrew Jackson, 
 
 10 
 
 155,872 
 
 99 
 
 
 
 
 Republican, 
 
 John Q Adams, 
 
 8 
 
 105,321 
 
 84 
 
 
 
 
 Republican, 
 
 Wiliam H. Crawford, 
 
 3 
 
 44,282 
 
 41 
 
 
 
 
 Republican, 
 
 Henry Clay, 
 
 3 
 
 46,587 
 
 37 
 
 1828 
 
 
 
 
 Vacancy, 
 
 
 
 
 24 
 
 261 
 
 Democratic. 
 
 Andrew Jackson. 
 
 15 
 
 647,231 
 
 178 
 
 1832 
 
 
 
 Nat. Republican. 
 
 John Q. Adams, 
 
 9 
 
 509,097 
 687,502 
 
 83 
 
 24 
 
 28S 
 
 Democratic, 
 
 Andrew Jackson, 
 
 15 
 
 219 
 
 
 
 
 Nat. Republican, 
 
 HenrvClay. 
 
 7 
 
 530,189 
 
 49 
 
 
 
 
 Anti-Mason, 
 
 William Wirt, 
 John Floyd, 
 
 I 
 I 
 
 33.108 
 
 7 
 II 
 
 1S36 
 
 
 
 
 Vacancies, 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 
 294 
 
 Democratic, 
 
 Martin Van Buren, 
 
 15 
 
 761,549 
 
 170 
 
 
 
 
 Whig, 
 
 William H. Harrison, 
 Hugh L. White. 
 Daniel Webster, 
 W. P. Mangum, 
 
 7 
 2 
 
 I 
 I 
 
 1 
 
 > 736,656 
 
 J 
 
 73 
 26 
 
 14 
 
 II 
 
 1S40 
 
 26 
 
 294 
 
 Whig, 
 
 William H. Harrison, 
 
 19 
 
 1,275,017 
 
 234 
 
 
 
 
 Democratic. 
 
 Martin Van Buren, 
 
 7 
 
 1,128,702 
 
 60 
 
 
 
 
 Wbertj', 
 
 James G. Birney, 
 
 
 7.059 
 
 
 1S44 
 
 26 
 
 275 
 
 Democratic, 
 
 James K. Polk, 
 
 15 
 
 1.337.243 
 
 170 
 
 
 
 
 Whig, 
 
 Henry Clay, 
 
 II 
 
 1,299,068 
 
 105 
 
 
 
 
 Ivibertj-, 
 
 James G. Birney, 
 
 
 62,3,00 
 
 
 184S 
 
 36 
 
 290 
 
 Whig, 
 
 Zachary Taylor, 
 
 15 
 
 1,360,101 
 
 163 
 
 
 
 
 Democratic, 
 
 L,ewis Cass," 
 
 15 
 
 1,220,544 
 
 127 
 
 
 
 
 Free Soil, 
 
 Martin Van Buren, 
 
 
 291,263 
 
 
Summary of Pofular and Electoial Votes in Presidential Elections, 1789- 
 
 ( ( out ill tied . 
 
 w 
 
 in 
 
 u 
 
 11 
 
 
 
 a 
 
 — O 
 
 
 "> 
 
 'Ji 
 
 "o 
 
 i-f, 
 
 
 
 i) 
 
 iz; 
 
 W 
 
 I'RKSIDKNT. 
 
 1852 
 
 3' 
 
 296 
 
 Democratic. 
 
 Franklin Pierce, 
 
 27 
 
 I, 60:. 474 
 
 254 
 
 
 
 
 Whig, 
 
 Winfield -Scotl, 
 
 A 
 
 1,386,578 
 
 42 
 
 
 
 
 Ktee Democracy, 
 
 Johu 1'. Hale, 
 
 
 l.'5^'49 
 
 
 I.S56 
 
 3' 
 
 296 
 
 Democratic, 
 
 James Buchanan, 
 
 19 
 
 1,838,169 
 
 «74 
 
 
 
 
 Republican, 
 
 John C. Fremont. 
 
 II 
 
 I, .14 1, 264 
 
 114 
 
 
 
 
 Americin, 
 
 Millard Fillmore, 
 
 1 
 
 874. 5.M 
 
 8 
 
 i860 
 
 33 
 
 303 
 
 Republican, 
 
 Abraham Lincoln, 
 
 17 
 
 1,866,332 
 
 180 
 
 
 
 
 Democratic, 
 
 J. C. Breckinridge, 
 
 II 
 
 S4,S.7B3 
 
 72 
 
 
 
 
 Democratic, 
 
 S. A. Douglas, 
 
 2 
 
 1.375. '57 
 
 12 
 
 
 
 
 "Const. Union," 
 
 John Bell. 
 
 3 
 
 589.581 
 
 39 
 
 lK6j 
 
 36 
 
 314 
 
 Republican, 
 
 Abraham Lincoln, 
 
 22 
 
 2,216,067 
 
 212 
 
 
 
 
 Democratic, 
 
 r.eorge B. McClellan, 
 Vacancies. 
 
 3 
 II 
 
 1,808,725 
 
 21 
 
 Si 
 
 1S6S 
 
 37 
 
 3"7 
 
 Republican, 
 
 I'lysses S. Grant, 
 
 26 
 
 3.0IS.C7J 
 
 214 
 
 
 
 
 Democratic, 
 
 Horatio Seymour, 
 Vacancies, 
 
 8 
 3 
 
 2,709,613 
 
 80 
 23 
 
 1872 
 
 37 
 
 366 
 
 Republican, 
 
 ITlysses S. Grant, 
 
 31 
 
 3.597.070 
 
 286 
 
 
 
 
 Dem. & Ub. Rep., 
 
 Horace Greeley, 
 
 6 
 
 2,834.079 
 
 
 
 
 
 Democratic, 
 
 Charles O'Conor. 
 
 
 20,408 
 
 
 
 
 
 Temperance, 
 
 James Black, 
 Scattering, 
 Not counted. 
 
 
 5.608 
 
 63 
 17 
 
 IS76 
 
 3S 
 
 369 
 
 Republican, 
 
 R. B. Haves, 
 
 21 
 
 4.033.950 
 
 185 
 
 
 
 
 Democratic, 
 
 S. J.Tilden. 
 
 J7 
 
 4,284.885 
 
 1,84 
 
 
 
 
 '•Greenback," 
 
 Peter Cooper, 
 
 
 81,740 
 
 
 
 
 
 "Prohibition," 
 
 (ireeu C. Smith, 
 
 
 9.522 
 
 
 1880 
 
 38 
 
 369 
 
 Republican. 
 
 James A. Garfield. 
 
 '9 
 
 4,442,950 
 
 2:4 
 
 
 
 
 Democratic, 
 
 W. S. Hancock. 
 
 "9 
 
 4,442.035 
 
 '55 
 
 
 
 
 "Greenback," 
 
 James B. Weaver, 
 Scattering, 
 
 
 306,867 
 12,576 
 
 
 IS84 
 
 38 
 
 401 
 
 Democratic, 
 
 (Irover Cleveland, 
 
 20 
 
 4.911,017 
 
 219 
 
 
 
 
 Republican, 
 
 James G. Blaine, 
 
 18 
 
 4.84S.334 
 
 189 
 
 
 
 
 Prohibition. 
 
 J. P. St. John. 
 
 
 i5'.809 
 
 
 
 
 
 Labor, 
 
 B. F. Butler. 
 
 
 1.^3,825 
 
 
 1888 
 
 38 
 
 401 
 
 Republican, 
 
 Benj. Harrison. 
 
 20 
 
 5,441.923 
 
 233 
 
 
 
 
 Democratic, 
 
 Grover Cleveland, 
 
 18 
 
 5.536,524 
 
 168 
 
 
 
 
 Prohibition, 
 
 C.E.Kisk. 
 
 
 246,406 
 
 
 
 
 
 Union Labor. 
 
 A. J. Streeter, 
 
 
 144,608 
 
 
 Popular 
 Vote.