Book IBTJ 
 
 PRESENTED BV 
 
MEMORANDA 
 
 Regarding Members ok the 
 
 Class of 1877 
 
 BOWDOIN COLLEGE 
 
 irri'H AX HISTORICAL SKETCH OF THE COLLEGE 
 FROM i8jj TO 1(^02 
 
 ' '77V timf 
 I should inform thee farther. 
 
 The hour 's flow cowe ; 
 
 The very minute bids thee ope thine ear ; 
 Obey and he attentive. 
 
 — Thk Tempest: i. 2 
 
 J J J J J , ' JO ) , ' ) 
 
 Class Report No. 4 
 J u N 1: I , 1902 
 
'A 
 
 p. 
 
 Author, 
 15 N '07 
 
I am a wise fellow ; and, which is more, an officer. 
 
 — Much Ado about Nothing: iv 2. 
 
 Officers of the Class 
 
Prcsidcjii. 
 GEORGE THOMAS LITTLE. 
 
 Secrctarv and Treasurer. 
 JOHN ELIPHAZ CHAPMAN. 
 
 Executive Committee. 
 
 Philip Greely Brown, 
 Frank Hobart Hargraves, 
 Addison Munroe Sherman, 
 George Ladd Thompson. 
 
It gives )ne content already, and I trust it 
 loill grow to a most prosperous perfection. 
 
 — Measure for Measure: iii. i. 
 
 The College 
 
Sketch of Bowcloin College, 
 1877-1902. 
 
 BY GEORGE THOMAS LITTLE, LITT. D. 
 
 T^WENTY-FIVE years is a long period in the 
 ^ life of an individual. It is not a long period 
 in the life of an endowed New England 
 ^ college that has closed a century of activity. 
 
 The forces that led to the establishment and 
 development of the one continue to act long after those 
 that caused the other have ceased to be. The tradi- 
 tions, the associations, the character of the college have 
 grown up slowly and steadily, and they are persistent. 
 No one will, however strong, can change them. No 
 calamity, however great, can obliterate them. They 
 can be modified, but only by introducing new factors 
 similar to those which produced them. So numerous, 
 so powerful, so permanent are the various influences 
 which converge in one resultant, that the direction of 
 this changes little from year to year. 
 
 These commonplaces are a natural, if not a necessary, 
 introduction to this so-called sketch of Bowdoin College 
 from 1877 to 1902. For it is really a desultory account 
 of the differences between the Alma Mater which the 
 " optimi fortissimique " entered, and that opened to 
 their children, " ter quaterque beati," — if sophomoric 
 exaggeration is still allowable. Despite this constant 
 citation of changes, the purpose, the customs, the inner 
 life of the college are substantially the same. Neither 
 IS the alumnus who regrets the abandonment of the 
 class and faculty prayer-meetings, which were to him a 
 means of spiritual growth, justified in the hasty con- 
 clusion that the higher life has been forgotten in the 
 material prosperity which is so evident; nor is another 
 
 9 
 
lo Sketch of Bowdoin College, 1877- 1902. 
 
 type of graduate, when he listens to encomiums on the 
 high standards of honor and morality prevalent among 
 under-graduates of to-day, and recalls his own youthful 
 escapades, justified in feeling that he would be sadly 
 lonesome were he again a sophomore. The channels 
 are too deep to be changed. Through new men, new 
 faces, and new surroundings the current of college 
 life at Bowdoin flows on to-day as yesterday, giving the 
 same help and joy to those in each succeeding genera- 
 tion who really come in contact with it. 
 
 It is harder to get into Bowdoin College to-day than 
 thirty years ago. Reference is not made to the scien- 
 tific department of our day, the bars to which were raised 
 while we were in college, but to the admission require- 
 ments in general. The boys who now present them- 
 selves without Greek are not as numerous as in our 
 day, and it is needless to cite the various equivalents 
 accepted in place of three years' study of that language. 
 Of all who enter, however, there is a new requirement 
 in English, which, if honestly met, demands the amount 
 of work represented by one recitation a week throughout 
 the entire preparatory course. It consists of a general 
 knowledge of the substance of Shakespeare's " Mer- 
 chant of Venice," "Julius Csesar," and "Macbeth"; 
 the Sir Roger de Coverley Papers in the " Specta- 
 tor" ; Goldsmith's " Vicar of Wakefield " ; Coleridge's 
 "Ancient Mariner"; Scott's " Ivanhoe " ; Carlyle's 
 " Essay on Burns " ; Tennyson's " Princess " ; Lowell's 
 "Vision of Sir Launfal " ; George Eliot's "Silas 
 Marner"; Milton's " Lycidas," " Comus," " L' Al- 
 legro," and "II Penseroso"; Burke's "Speech on 
 Conciliation with America"; Macaulay's "Essays on 
 Milton and Addison," with the ability to answer simple 
 questions on the lives of these authors, and to write brief 
 paragraphs on topics relating to the subject-matter, the 
 form, and the structure of the works just mentioned. 
 
Sketch of Bowdoin College, 1877-1902. 11 
 
 Three questions from a recent examination paper will 
 illustrate what is desired. 
 
 " What story does the Spectator tell in his account of 
 Sir Roger and the Gipsies?" "What caused the 
 Ancient Mariner to fall down in a ' swound," and while 
 in that state what voices did he hear?" "What was 
 the occasion of the writing of Lycidas, and how is the 
 subject treated ? " 
 
 The requirements in the ancient languages are stated 
 in such different terms that one acquainted only with 
 those of 1873 would hardly recognize them. They are, 
 however, not materially different, with the important 
 exception of the amount of work expected in sight read- 
 ing and in Greek and Latin composition. This is far 
 in excess of what was asked in our day, and demands 
 a superior grasp of the language. The " Ancient and 
 Modern Geography of 1873 " has been replaced by 
 " Outlines of Roman and Greek History and Geog- 
 raphy." Here, again, such questions as: "In the 
 Hannibalic War, state the sources of strength and weak- 
 ness on each side." " Describe the social and economic 
 condition of Rome about 130 b. c, and the attempted 
 remedy." "What was the Sicilian Expedition, why 
 was it undertaken, what generals commanded it, what 
 was its success, and what its effect upon Athens?" 
 will remind my readers of examinations held during, 
 rather than before, our freshman year. 
 
 In the mathematical requirements, arithmetic has dis- 
 appeared, but in place of the " first and third books of 
 Davies' Legendre's " is found " Plane Geometry " as 
 treated in ordinary text-books, and with this the demon- 
 stration of what are called " simple original theorems." 
 Of the originality of these theorems I cannot testify, but 
 as an unfortunate ^a/fr-/27;///7/Vz5, occasionally called upon 
 to aid in solving them, I must say that they do not appear 
 simple. Of the advance in algebra, the phrase " binomial 
 
12 Sketch of Bowdoin College, 1877-1902. 
 
 theorem for positive integral exponents " is a sufficient 
 indication. Entrance examinations now occupy two 
 da3^s, and are usually taken in successive years. Partial 
 or preliminary, as well as hnal, examinations may he 
 taken at the student's preparatory school, subject to a 
 few necessary requirements as to time and formal 
 notice. In this respect the path Bowdoinwards is in 
 some measure easier than in our day. It should be 
 noted, however, that Bowdoin, Harvard, and Yale are 
 the only New England colleges that do not now receive 
 men without examination on certificate from the prepar- 
 atory school. 
 
 In 1873 the system of elective studies in a college 
 curriculum was a much debated theory. In 1902 the 
 theory has become a fact. Then every freshman was 
 required to pursue the same forty-seven term and half- 
 term courses before he could receive the degree of A. B. 
 There were also seven or eight half-term optional courses 
 which could be taken, yet these did not excuse one from 
 any required course. The work in rhetoric and physical 
 culture was then as now required of all. To-day there 
 are only eighteen term courses which ever}^ student is 
 obliged to take To complete the quota of forty-eight 
 courses necessary for a degree, he can select for him- 
 self from eighty-seven different courses offered by the 
 thirteen professors. He is permitted, moreover, if the 
 hours of recitation do not conflict and his ability is equal 
 to the task, to pursue five full-term courses at once, and 
 thus either shorten his college course, or as is more 
 usual, lighten the required work of a particular period. 
 Since the four year requirement for the degree of M. D. 
 has been adopted, seniors intending to be physicians 
 are thus enabled to take certain studies in the Medical 
 School of Maine during their last college year, and to 
 complete their professional course within three years of 
 their graduation. 
 
Sketch of Bowdoin College, 1877-1902. 13 
 
 Room has been made for this marked expansion ot 
 the latter part of the curriculum by diminishing the 
 number of weekly recitations in a full course from five 
 to four — in some cases to three — by regaining Satur- 
 day forenoon for recitations, of which sixteen rather 
 than tifteen now make a normal week's work, and by 
 placing the required French and German in the fresh- 
 man and sophomore years. 
 
 Of the new studies with which the college course 
 has been enriched, Encrlish literature is the most 
 popular. Its six courses cover a period of two years, 
 and are arranged in two groups, of which the first, in- 
 cluding literature of the eighteenth century, the poetry 
 of the nineteenth, and American literature, is open to 
 both juniors and seniors. The present year it was 
 elected b}- sixtv-seven men. The second group deals 
 with the earlier periods of English literature and ex- 
 tends through the three terms of senior year. Instruc- 
 tion in these courses, though based upon text-books, is 
 largely in the form of lectures and readings, to the rare 
 excellence of which all who have listened to the senior 
 member of the academic faculty can testify. 
 
 Although the courses in history are numbered as 
 nine, by reason of the three term division of the 
 college year thev are essentially three, of which two on 
 European history are given alternately ; the third, on 
 American history e\ery year. These rank in popu- 
 larity with tlie courses in chemistry, economics, geology, 
 and philosophy, and are, like them, chosen by a majority 
 in each class. 
 
 With the increase of courses there has come a 
 marked change in methods of instruction. It would 
 surprise the worthy member of the hrst division in 
 Latin, wlio blushed so deeply when Tutor Moore, re- 
 ferring to certain textual variations, asked if he read 
 panes, to learn that several of the best translations of 
 
14 Sketch of Bowdoin College, 1877-1902. 
 
 Horace and of Homer are regularly reserved in the 
 library for the use of the classes studying those authors. 
 In the departments of history and economics especially, 
 there is required an amount of collateral reading and 
 an extended use of the library both unheard of and 
 impracticable thirty years ago. This "laboratory" 
 method sometimes calls upon a student to consult over a 
 hundred volumes to obtain the matter desired for the 
 special exercise assigned him, while the number of 
 books reserved for the particular use of the classes 
 pursuing these courses often rises into the thousands. 
 
 The extension of the study of political economy over 
 two years gives opportunity for formal instruction in 
 practical questions of the day, such as the foundation of 
 trusts, the development of manufactures, the consolida- 
 tion of railroads. Under the leadership of the pro- 
 fessors, student clubs are organized for the informal 
 discussion of topics connected with the various depart- 
 ments. The oldest of these, the Deutsche Verein, has 
 held its monthly meetings for a series of years and has 
 begun the collection of a departmental library, for which 
 a room is to be assigned in the Hubbard Library. 
 
 It is a standing complaint against all disciplinary 
 studies pursued in college, that they are not as effective a 
 means of culture as they should be. President Hyde, 
 who is emphatically a man of ideas, has engrafted upon 
 the Bowdoin curriculum a scheme of individual in- 
 struction connected with that of the classroom, by which 
 the ancient languages in particular are to be made less 
 dead, if not thoroughly alive to the average student. 
 The plan stated in his own language is as follows : 
 " Supplementary to the work now done by professors, 
 tutors are to do the kind of work the professors are 
 compelled for the most part to leave undone. These 
 tutors are" to be young men fresh from university studies 
 who expect to become professors in due time. It is 
 
Sketch of Bowdoin College, 1 877-1902. 15 
 
 their duty to meet each student individually for a half 
 hour, at least as often as once a week, to review with 
 him thoroughly and critically a specified portion of the 
 work done in class during that period : to discover diffi- 
 culties ; to remove misconceptions ; to correct wrong 
 methods of study ; to point out errors and superficialities ; 
 to insist on accuracy and thoroughness ; to stimulate in- 
 terest ; to suggest lines of reading ; and by personal 
 influence to bring the subject home to the student as a 
 living reality." This scheme has been in operation five 
 or six years, and its effect upon the tutors, at least, has 
 been as expected ; they have become professors, or are 
 well along on the highway to that goal. It is not easy 
 to measure directly the influence of the system upon the 
 undergraduates, yet there can be no doubt that more 
 thorough work with greater interest in the subject is 
 the result. 
 
 To describe more fully a method of instruction, 
 which, as far as the writer is informed, Bowdoin is the 
 only college to attempt, I quote from a recent report of 
 a gentleman who has successfully performed this work. 
 " The general purpose of the individual work is to sup- 
 plement the regular classroom exercises through the 
 use of material and methods not adapted to large 
 divisions. In practise this general purpose has involved 
 the following ends : — 
 
 "I. To discover and clear away the peculiar diffi- 
 culties of each student. 
 
 "2. To make more plain the practical value and the 
 artistic interest of the classics. 
 
 "3. To show the vital connection, in life and 
 thought, between ancient and modern times. 
 
 " 4. To give practise in English composition. 
 
 "5. To insure the frequent use of the resources of 
 the library. 
 
 "The class is divided alphabetically into sections, 
 
i6 Sketch of Bowdoin College, 1877-1902. 
 
 each containing" four men. With each section the 
 instructor meets once a week for a half-hour conference. 
 At first, oral and written translations are made by the 
 students and minutely criticized b}' the instructor, to 
 elucidate the finer points of syntax and style. Discus- 
 sion and the free expression of personal opinion are 
 encouraged. As the difhculties incident to the first 
 attack upon the subject decrease, more attention is given 
 to allusions in the text ; and topics upon various 
 biographical, historical, social, and political subjects 
 are assigned. Each man is given specific references to 
 books upon the reserved list in the library. The results 
 of investigation are embodied in short papers to be read 
 and discussed at the conference and later handed to the 
 instructor for further correction and criticism." 
 
 Were certain members of '77 to renew their youth 
 and return to Brunswick as undergraduates, the change 
 that would most surprise them is the practical abandon- 
 ment by the college faculty of the endeavor to govern 
 the student body outside of the recitation rooms. The 
 word "govern" is purposely chosen. Means are taken 
 to influence and to direct, but none to control. No 
 college now allows greater freedom of action to its 
 students, nor is it possible to see how further increase 
 could be made except by completeU' adopting the 
 methods of the German university. This marked 
 change in college discipline dates, in a large measure, 
 from the introduction of a scheme of self-go\'ernment, 
 and of a new method of ranking, each devised by Prof. 
 Charles Henry Smith, now of Yale, but for fifteen 
 years a most influential member of the Bowdoin Faculty. 
 The S3'stem of self-government, consisting of a college 
 jury acting in cooperation with the president, is in the 
 line of similar plans tried at New England colleges, 
 notably at Amherst, and was adopted at Bowdoin with 
 the special hope of mitigating the e\'ils that resulted 
 
Sketch ot" Bowdoin College, 1877-1902. 17 
 
 from hazing. The jury is composed as follows : 
 Each of the four classes elects one memher ; each 
 chartered chapter of an intercollegiate fraternity elects 
 one member : and all who do not belong to any such 
 fraternity elect one member. It holds regular meet- 
 ings during term time, and a special meeting can be 
 summoned bv its foreman, or on the request of the 
 president, or on the written request of three students. 
 It has absolute and final jurisdiction over all cases of 
 public disorder and all offenses committed b\' students 
 against each other: while the president retains jurisdic- 
 tion over conduct during college exercises, damage to 
 college buildings, and matters of personal morality 
 which affect, primarily, the character and reputation of 
 individual students. On several occasions since 1883, 
 when the jury was tirst organized, it has dealt with 
 cases of hazing, and instances of public disorder, in a 
 manner which has met with the same amount of public 
 approbation, to say the least, which was granted afore- 
 time to decisions of the college faculty. While the jurv 
 has not neglected its dut}' when any specitic offense has 
 been brought to its attention, it has, during these years, 
 never evinced a desire to magnify its functions, but 
 rather to assume an attitude quite characteristic of 
 public otlicials in a prohibition State. 
 
 The new ranking system meets the vexatious ques- 
 tion of attendance at required exercises far more satis- 
 factorih' than the old method of demerits and three 
 stages which kept careless students on the verge of dis- 
 missal, and occasioned a lamentable amount of sickness 
 among an apparently healthy bod\- of young men. The 
 present plan is based upon two principles. First, that 
 attendance at an exercise is in itself an essential part of 
 the instruction the college offers. Second, that the 
 number of short absences for legitimate causes during a 
 period of four years is about the same for all students, 
 
i8 Sketch of Bowdoin College, 1877-1902. 
 
 so that no real injustice is shown by refusing to excuse 
 them. The student, therefore, who attends all the re- 
 quired recitations in a subject, receives a perfect atten- 
 dance mark of six. If he performs in a perfectly 
 satisfactory manner the required work of the depart- 
 ment, he receives an additional mark of ten. These 
 marks are averaged together and give eight as the 
 maximum rank. The minimum rank allowed is five 
 and a half. It is, therefore, evident that one who ab- 
 sents himself from fifty per cent, of the required exer- 
 cises in any course must attain an average recitation 
 mark of eight at those he does attend, or else be dropped 
 from his class. This relation of attendance to the class 
 standing is well understood, and meets with general 
 approval by the student body. If we may trust the 
 testimony of teachers who have come here from other 
 colleges, it has secured a better average attendance on 
 recitations than is usual elsewhere. 
 
 College customs and recreations remain much the 
 same. Anna Lytics is no longer buried, but Seniors' 
 Last Chapel is more of an event than ever, though 
 hardly as impressive as in our day. Boating and class 
 races have passed away, but tennis has come and foot- 
 ball grown into a science that demands all the time, 
 strength, and mental ability its devotees can muster. 
 Ivy Day continues the special festival of Bowdoin 
 Juniors, but Field Day has been swallowed up in a 
 series of intercollegiate contests, only a few of which 
 are held in Brunswick. Our winter term gymnastic 
 exhibitions are succeeded by the annual indoor athletic 
 meets. These, it must be confessed, seem a trifle tame 
 and wearisome to one who remembers the interest and 
 excitement with which we watched the movements of the 
 Greene brothers on the trapeze, the agility of C. E. 
 Cobb and C. A. Perry, and the posturing of Bolster, 
 Williams, and Wiggin in the " three high." Quite 
 
Sketch of Bowdoin College, 1877-1902. 19 
 
 likely the difference is subjective, and due to a slower 
 flow of blood in one's own veins. 
 
 Student life has kept pace with the advance in mate- 
 rial comforts and conveniences which has characterized 
 the last quarter century. No undergraduate lugs coal 
 or carries water — unless he be a sophomore — or buys 
 kerosene oil ; while a few maintain that rubber boots are 
 no longer a necessity. The three dormitories have 
 been renovated throughout and are heated by steam, 
 lighted by electricity, and provided with water-closets 
 and sinks. The rooms, always commodious, seem even 
 more so since the familiar feature of the large coal 
 stove has disappeared. In place of end-women, white 
 capped janitors have the care of the rooms, and are 
 expected to be " on deck " during a reasonable number 
 of hours each day. Three large and attractive chapter- 
 houses have been erected, of which one, at least, 
 affords every convenience and luxury obtainable in a 
 modern cit}- residence. 
 
 The completion of Memorial Hall and the erection 
 of five new buildings have given Bowdoin a material 
 equipment which is not surpassed by any New England 
 college of its rank, and equaled by few. The first of 
 these to be built was the Sargent Gymnasium, which 
 stands behind the line of the dormitories and looks out 
 between Maine and Winthrop Halls. Nothing illus- 
 trates more forcibly the rapid advance, or, at least, the 
 rapid change in methods of physical culture, than the 
 fact that this structure, carefully planned and well 
 adapted for the use of the college fifteen years ago, is 
 now insufficient to meet the demands of this department. 
 The replacement of Swedish and German gymnastics 
 by indoor athletics, and by games like basket ball, has 
 rendered desirable a building much larger than the 
 present structure. Connected with the gymnasium by 
 a pleasant path through the pines is the Whittier 
 
20 Sketch of Bowdoin College, 1877-1902. 
 
 Athletic Field. Nature has given the field the advan- 
 tage of the level surface so characteristic of Brunswick, 
 as well as an encircling border of eve'^greens. Art and 
 industry have secured an excellent oval for football and 
 baseball, with a quarter-mile cinder track. The gen- 
 erosity of the New York alumnus, whose name is so 
 often on our lips, provides the present season a 
 modern grand stand, with waiting rooms and all other 
 conveniences for the contestants. 
 
 Those of our classmates who felt aggrieved that we 
 were required to study astronomy, and yet were given 
 no facilities for seeing the stars, will take satisfaction in 
 the fact that the second building to be erected after our 
 departure was a small but well-equipped observator}'-, 
 admirably adapted for purposes of instruction. 
 
 Over half a century ago a Massachusetts merchant 
 gave one thousand dollars to finish in the then incom- 
 plete chapel a room for the exhibition of the Bowdoin 
 paintings. This room was named " The Sophia 
 Walker Gallery " in memory of his mother. The cen- 
 tennial year of the college was signalized by the dedi- 
 cation of a beautiful structure erected by the nieces of 
 this Boston merchant as his own memorial, and for the 
 proper preservation of the objects of art possessed by 
 the college, a collection very materially increased by 
 their subsequent generosity. The Walker Art Building 
 is regarded by architectural critics as one of the finest 
 of the many notable structures designed by Messrs. 
 McKim, Mead & White, of New York City. It is 
 absolutely fireproof as regards its construction, and its 
 interior decorations by leading American artists, to- 
 gether with its contents, have made it the one building 
 in Maine which no lover of art fails to visit. 
 
 In 1892 the departments of chemistry, physics, and 
 biology, feeling that the character of their instruction 
 was being seriously affected by the narrow quarters 
 
Sketch of Bowdoin College, 1877-1902. 21 
 
 assigned them in Adams and Massachusetts Hall, 
 vmited in an earnest appeal for improved facilities. The 
 appeal was voiced in the president's report for that year 
 and met with an immediate response. By the gene- 
 rosity of Mr. Edward F. Searles there was erected, 
 during the next two seasons as a memorial of his wife, 
 the present Science Building. Its cost, including equip- 
 ment, approached two hundred thousand dollars. It 
 provides for every facility which the observation and 
 ingenuity of three professors of ability and experience 
 could suggest. Its ample laboratories, its well-lighted 
 recitation rooms, private offices, and commodious store- 
 rooms afford space for the instruction of classes larger 
 than Bowdoin has now, or can naturally be expected to 
 have unless the population of the State increases, or 
 our standard of admission decreases. 
 
 The college library, which in our day was a dull 
 competitor with the more attractive collections belong- 
 ing to the Peucinian and Athenjean Societies, shortly 
 after awaked from its slumbers and took possession of 
 the two society libraries, as well as of the south wing 
 of the chapel in which we were wont to consider long 
 and earnestly whether credit could be regarded as capi- 
 tal. As the years advanced it grew more and more 
 grasping until it had occupied and overflowed all the 
 apartments of the chapel structure save that devoted to 
 worship. When its further growth seemed about to be 
 checked by lack of space, Gen. Thomas H. Hubbard, 
 of New York City, charged the college to erect at his 
 expense such a library building as the needs of the col- 
 lege, present and future, should demand. As a result 
 of his generosity there will be completed the present 
 year a fireproof structure with a capacity for two hun- 
 dred thousand volumes, with administration, conference, 
 and study rooms sufficient to meet every possible need of 
 our alma mater in this direction for (fenerations to come. 
 
22 Sketch of Bowdoin College, 1877-1902. 
 
 Hand in hand with the erecdon of the new buildings 
 has gone on die work of heating and lighting from a 
 central power house, of leveling and draining the campus, 
 of improving the quality of its turf, of planting hundreds 
 of pines in the rear of the dormitories to take the place of 
 those that were falling of old age. Last but not least, 
 the class of '75 have erected as a memorial of their 
 interest in alma mater a simple but impressive entrance 
 at the end of the main walk from the chapel, in which 
 two granite monoliths are the prominent features. 
 
 It is my duty to explain that a comfortable tempera- 
 ture in the college library during the winter season has 
 indirectly brought injury to the class ivy. The con- 
 tinuous heating of the chapel from the central station 
 has caused warm roofs. These have made ice and 
 miniature avalanches from the eaves. These in turn 
 have checked the upward and onward development of 
 a vine which a few years since showed enterprise char- 
 acteristic of its name. 
 
 In closing a sketch in which man}' points of interest 
 have necessarily been omitted, a few words respecting 
 alma mater's cash account will not be out of place. In 
 1877 she valued her property, aside from the campus 
 and its buildings, at three hundred and seventy thou- 
 sand dollars. In 1902 her invested funds amount to 
 seven hundred .and eighty thousand dollars. This hand- 
 some increase is due mainly to the large sums received 
 under the wills of Daniel B. Fayerweather, Esq., of 
 New York Cit}^ and of Mrs. Catherme Merritt Garce- 
 lon, of Oakland, Cal. It would seem, at first thought,, 
 that the doubling of the principal would double the in- 
 come, and that the college is as prosperous in its finances 
 as it is in its material equipment. Such, however, is 
 not the case. The securities held in 1877 brought the 
 college an average of over six per cent. Those held 
 to-day hardly net four per cent. A small deficit, ac- 
 
Sketch of Bowdoin College, 1877-1902. 23 
 
 cording to a prominent college president, is a good 
 thin<; for an institution. Bowdoin has had a deficit for 
 the last seven years, but, unfortunately, in several of 
 them it has not been small. That the number and 
 salaries of the college faculty have been slightly in- 
 creased is due quite as much to the increased income 
 from the student body as to that from invested funds. 
 The year we graduated, the students paid in round 
 numbers to the college treasury fovn-teen thousand dol- 
 lars. In the present year they paid upwards of thirty 
 thousand. It is manifestly improbable that this latter 
 source of income should grow much greater, in view of 
 the strong competition offered by other New England 
 colleges with more teachers and larger scholarships. A 
 special effort is being made at the present time to secure 
 from the alumni and friends of the college that further 
 endowment of the institution which will permit it to dis- 
 charge its work in the century just beginning even 
 more faithfullv and successfully than it has done in that 
 now closed. 
 
I knew him as myself; for from our infancy 
 IVe have conversed and spent our hours together; 
 And though myself have been an idle truant, 
 Omitting the sweet benefit of time 
 To clothe mine age with angel-like perfection. 
 Yet hath Sir Proteus (for thafs his name) 
 Made use and fair advantage of his days: 
 His years but young, but his experience old: 
 Bis head unmellowed, but his judgment ripe: 
 And in a 7vord {far, far behind his worth) 
 Comes all the praises that I now bestow. 
 
 — Two Gentlemen of Verona 
 
 The Class 
 
The Class. 
 
 William Gerrish Beale. 
 
 In the September following graduation Mr. Beale 
 left Maine and went to Indiana, where he taught until 
 February, 1878, when he accepted the principalship of 
 the high school in Hyde Park, 111. This position he 
 retained until June, 1881, in the meantime studying 
 law in the office of Messrs. Williams & Thompson, of 
 Chicago. He was admitted to the Illinois bar in March, 
 1881, and in July following became a law clerk in the 
 office of Messrs. Isham & Lincoln, one of the promi- 
 nent law tirms of Chicago. In July, 1886, he was ad- 
 mitted to partnership therein, the firm name becoming 
 Isham, Lincoln & Beale. The firm has an extensive 
 practise, largely in chancery and corporation law. He 
 is fond of his profession, devotes himself to it closely, 
 and has achieved an honorable place at the bar. He 
 was one of the attorneys in the last stages of the litiga- 
 tion on the estate of Walter L. Newbury, and in the 
 great foreclosure suit of the Wabash, St. Louis & Pa- 
 cific Railway Company before Judge Gresham. He 
 writes that his record must stand much as it did in our 
 class report of 1887, "except that I have now two 
 junior partners whom I make do the work when I can." 
 In 1887 he was appointed by Mayor Roche a member 
 of the Board of Education of the city of Chicago, and 
 was made president of the Board, but declined a reap- 
 pointment for a second term. Mr. Beale is a Repub- 
 lican, but takes no active part in politics, and " the only 
 
 27 
 
28 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 offices I have held," he writes, " or ever wish to hold, 
 have been those of Corporation Counsel of this city and 
 a member and president of the Board of Education." 
 He is " a member of the leading social clubs of Chi- 
 cago as well as of several in New York. The thousand 
 and one organizations and associations, charitable and 
 otherwise, to which one has to belong in a large city 
 like this are hardlv worth mentioning." His chief rec- 
 reations from professional work are hunting and fish- 
 incr. Mr. Beale is not married. 
 
 Edward Harwood Blake. 
 
 After leaving college Mr. Blake passed some time 
 in European travel, subsequently pursuing a post- 
 graduate course of study in English literature and 
 philosophy at Harvard Universit3^ He was graduated 
 at the Albany Law School in 1878, when he returned to 
 his home in Bangor, Maine, and began at once the 
 practise of his profession. He has lived in Bangor ever 
 since, engaged in the practise of law and in business 
 operations, though he has made repeated visits to 
 Europe, some of which have been of long duration. 
 
 He has served as mayor of the city of Bangor, be- 
 ing elected upon the Republican ticket, and he has 
 been director, vice-president, and president of the 
 Merchants National Bank of Bangor. A few years ago 
 he acquired a controlling interest in the Bangor Dailv 
 Nezvs^ one of the younger dailies of eastern Maine, 
 and one of the most enterprising, which about two years 
 since purchased and merged with itself the long-estab- 
 lished and influential Republican daily of Bangor, the 
 Whig and Courier. 
 
 Mr. Blake is not married. 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 29 
 
 Alvan Joseph Bolster. 
 
 Born at Dixfield, Maine, Dec. 20, 1855. 
 Died at Sionx Citv, Iowa, Dec. 12, 1885. 
 
 For three vears after leaving college Mr. Bolster was 
 engaged in teaching, his vacations and leisure being 
 given to the study of law. In the fall of 1879 ^^^ ^^^^ 
 Maine for the West, and Jan. 12, 1880, at Sioux Falls, 
 Dak., he was admitted to the practise of law in the 
 courts of the territory. Settling in Dell Rapids, Dak., 
 he formed soon after a partnership with Albion Thorne, 
 Esq., one of the early settlers of Dakota, under the hrm 
 name of Thorne & Bolster. iVs is true in all new com- 
 munities, the practise of law was supplemented with a 
 general land office business, locating parties on govern- 
 ment lands, making tinal proof papers, etc. He liked 
 tile West : he never saw a moment when he regretted 
 going West, and his law practise and general business 
 grew witli every vear. For some years he was, too, 
 engaged by Gregg & Co. as their traveling collector 
 for Dakota, Minnesota, and Iowa. In the fall of 1882 
 he removed to Devil Lake, Dak., where he remained 
 nearlv three years, engaged in his profession and in 
 surveying ; but the business prospect not seeming so 
 favorable there, he returned to Dell Rapids in 1885. 
 At the time of his death he conducted a large real 
 estate and insurance business, and had lately completed, 
 very satisfactorilv, some extensive purchases of Dakota 
 lands for Auburn and Lewiston people. He was cor- 
 poration counsel for two banks in his home city, 
 Auburn, Maine. His death was most sudden, he being 
 discovered dead in his bed at the Planter Hotel, Sioux 
 City, Iowa, where he had gone the same day to remain 
 for the night. The coroner's jury, summoned to inves- 
 
30 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 tigate the cause of death, returned a verdict that he 
 " came to his death through paralysis of the heart." 
 Mr. Bolster was much beloved by the people of Dell 
 Rapids, and universal sympathy was expressed on 
 receipt of the news of his unexpected decease. 
 
 Osgar Brinkerhoff. 
 
 During at least the first twelve years following his 
 graduation Mr. Brinkerhoff was engaged in the work of 
 teaching. The first two or three years of this time he 
 occupied positions in Fairhaven, New York, and in 
 Vermont. In 1880 he accepted an appointment in 
 Atlanta, 111. In 1886 he wrote : "I am still teach- 
 ing here (Atlanta) ; have a very pleasant school. 
 There are in the building eight teachers besides myself. 
 I have six recitations of a half-hour each, and spend the 
 rest of my time in the other rooms. Am not satisfied 
 with teaching in a pecuniary view ; otherwise would not 
 care to change. Have never been a seeker after office 
 or social distinction, but in my quiet way strive to attend 
 to my duties." In 1887 he wrote again, offering no 
 new items for the class report which appeared that year 
 and adding, "I have become so disheartened and 
 discouraged that I scarcely care what happens." His 
 nervous system had become unstrung, possibly through 
 overwork, and he was subject to periods of melancholia. 
 He remained at Atlanta, however, until 1888, when he 
 removed to Goodland, Kan., where he became principal 
 of Clark's Academy. He retained this position about 
 two years, carrying along with his school work his pri- 
 vate study of the law and being admitted to the bar of 
 Sherman County, Kan. In December, 1890, he dis- 
 appeared suddenly from Goodland, giving none of his 
 friends (and his gentle spirit and kindly nature had won 
 him warm friends in both Atlanta and Goodland) any 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 31 
 
 intimation of his purpose to take such a step. He is 
 known to have gone to Denver, Col., but how long he 
 remained there is not certain. A wide and careful cor- 
 respondence, covering several years and addressed to 
 all who were ascertained to be his personal friends in 
 the West, has failed to bring any definite information 
 as to his life after that time or regarding his present 
 whereabouts. 
 
 The latest word that can be regarded as of any signifi- 
 cance whatever came in September, 1901, in a letter 
 from Mr. A. P. West, president of the Columbia Sav- 
 ings Bank, of Los Angeles, Cal. Writing at that time 
 Mr. West told of an interview that he had with Mr. 
 Brinkerhoff in Los Angeles eight years before, about 
 October, 1893. He says: "I met Brink on the street 
 dressed something after the order of a mountaineer. 
 On his first glance at me he looked away and seemed to 
 try to pass unseen, but I crossed over to the side of the 
 walk he was on and spoke to him. It was after bank- 
 ing hours and I invited him to go to the bank with me 
 for a talk. After saying he was in a hurry and would 
 see me again, I insisted on his going then, which he re- 
 luctantly did, and we then went into my office and talked 
 half an hour or so. He told me that he had spent a 
 long spell in the Sierra Madre Mountains, but he seemed 
 ill at ease and would not talk of his whereabouts or busi- 
 ness here. Since that time I have neither seen nor 
 heard anything from or of him." 
 
 Philip Greely Brown. 
 
 In the summer of 1877 Mr. Brown entered the bank- 
 ing house of J. B. Brown & Sons, of Pordand, Maine. 
 Upon the death of Hon. John B. Brown, and the con- 
 sequent reorganization of the firm, he was, in 1881, 
 admitted to partnership therein, the firm name remaining 
 
32 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 as before. He has continued in an active and varied 
 business life in Portland to the present time. The firm 
 of J. B. Brown & Sons was dissolved in 1893, to be 
 succeeded by the corporation known as the P. H. & 
 J. M. Brown Company, of which Mr. Brown was 
 elected treasurer, a position which he has held ever 
 since. In the latter part of 1893 he was appointed a 
 
 trustee of the J. B. Brown estate in place of his father, 
 Mr. Philip Henr}^ Brown, deceased. 
 
 Mr. Brown is also a director of the First National 
 Bank, of the Union Safe Deposit & Trust Company, of 
 the Atwood Lead Company, and of the Portland Dry 
 Dock Company, all of Portland; a director of the 
 Atlantic & St. Lawrence Railroad Compan}^, of the 
 Vermilion Railroad & Light Company, a corporator of 
 the Portland Savings Bank; has been treasurer of the 
 Portland Society of Art, and for years a member of the 
 Merchants Exchange, acting a part of the time as a 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. t,^ 
 
 member of the Standing Committee of the ^lerchants 
 Exchantre in the Portland Board of Trade. 
 
 He is a non-resident member of the Calumet Club, of 
 New York City, and an active member of many Port- 
 land clubs, among which are the Cumberland, Athletic, 
 Yacht, Golf, and Art clubs, and he has been treasurer 
 of the Citizens' Mutual Relief Association, an associa- 
 tion numbering over one thousand members. Politically 
 he is a Republican. 
 
 Mr. Brown was given the degree of A. B., out of 
 course, by vote of the trustees of Bowdoin College at 
 the Commencement of 1885. His residence is at 85 
 Vaughan Street, Portland, where he entertained the 
 class most handsomely at dinner on the occasion of its 
 twentieth reunion in June, 1897. 
 
 Mr. Brown is not married. 
 
 John Eliphaz Chapman. 
 
 A PART of the year following graduation Mr. Chap- 
 man passed in European travel, visiting England, Scot- 
 land, France, and Italy. In the fall of 1878 he began 
 the study of law with Messrs. Strout & Holmes, of 
 Portland, Maine, continuing; until October, 1880, when 
 he took a third year as special student in the Harvard 
 Law School. Remaining in Boston, Mass., he con- 
 nected himself in the autumn of 1883 with Messrs. Otis 
 & Andrew, counselors-at-law, having otiices in the 
 Globe Buildinfj, where he continued a little more than 
 four years. Beginning early in 1888 he occupied for a 
 short time an editorial position on the Boston Co}nino)i- 
 zuealt/i, but in December, 1890, he accepted a position 
 on the editorial staff of the Youth's Companion. Here 
 he remained for nearly seven years. In January, 1897, 
 occurred the death of his valued and beloved friend and 
 
34 
 
 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 law preceptor, Mr. Albert B. Otis. This devolved 
 upon Mr. Chapman the duties of an executor of Mr. 
 Otis' will, and subsequently the care of a trust estate 
 created by the will. It involved, also, the completion 
 of the administration upon two other estates, and, as a 
 result of the circumstances, the direction of other trust 
 estates of size. The i-esponsibilities thus coming to him 
 made it impossible to continue the editorial work with 
 the Companion, and he withdrew from the paper in 
 
 May, 1897. Since that date his time has been occupied 
 almost wholly with the management of trust estates. 
 
 He is a member of the St. Botolph Club, being on 
 the Executive Committee and the Art and Library 
 Committee, and also librarian of the Club, a member of 
 the Bowdoin Club, the Mount Vernon Club, and the 
 Massachusetts Single Tax League. 
 
 He is not married. 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 35 
 
 Charles Edwin Cobb. 
 
 Immediately after graduation Mr. Cobb entered 
 business with his father, becoming bookkeeper and 
 general accountant for John F. Cobb & Co., manufac- 
 turers and wholesale dealers in boots and shoes, Au- 
 burn, Maine. On Dec. i, 1881, he was admitted to 
 partnership in the firm. For several years thereafter 
 he traveled much of the time in the West and South- 
 
 west in the interests of the firm, during the spring and 
 fall months, however, having practical control of selling 
 at the Boston office of the firm. Somewhat later, with 
 Royal M. Mason and Elton C. Briggs he organized the 
 corporation of the Mason-Cobb Company for the manu- 
 facture of fine grade shoes, the factories of the com- 
 pany being located in Kennebunk, Maine, and its 
 chief salesrooms at 2 High Street, Boston. Mr. 
 Cobb served as treasurer of this corporation for about 
 
36 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 four years. In November, 1901, he removed to Gar- 
 diner, Maine, to become resident manager of the Gar- 
 diner factory of the Commonwealth Shoe and Leather 
 Company, and he occupies this position at the present 
 time. The company has factories also at Whitman, 
 Mass., and Skowhegan, Maine, and its Boston offices 
 are at 66 Lincoln Street. 
 
 Mr. Cobb is a Republican, but has never taken active 
 part in political life. In March, 1883, he was elected 
 a member of the Superintending School Committee of 
 the city of Auburn, and in March, 1884, was reelected 
 for a term of two years. He married, Dec. 24, 1878, 
 Miss Annie Carroll Bradford of Auburn, and has four 
 children: Laura Bradford, born May 4, 1881 ; Mary 
 Agnes, born March 3, 1884 ; Lena Margretta, born 
 Dec. 5, 1887 ; and Maurice, born Jan. 4, 189^. 
 
 William Titcomb Cobb. 
 
 During the two years following graduation Mr. 
 Cobb studied in the Universities of Leipzig and Berlin, 
 Germany, the university vacations being occupied 
 with short trips to other continental countries. On his 
 return to the United States he entered the Harvard Law 
 School, remaining through the academic year 1879- 
 80, and then continuing his law studies with Messrs. 
 Rice & Hall, of Rockland, Maine. He was admitted 
 to the bar of Knox County in December, 1880, but did 
 not engage in practise, preferring a business life, and 
 entered at once the firm of Cobb, Wight & Co., whole- 
 sale and retail grocers and ship-chandlers of Rockland. 
 Subsequently he formed a partnership with his father, 
 Mr. Francis Cobb, under the firm name of Francis 
 Cobb & Co., for the manufacture of lime at Rockland. 
 Upon the death of his father in 1890 he became presi- 
 dent of the Cobb Lime Company, a company incorpo- 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 37 
 
 rated in 187 1 for the manufacture of extra white and 
 finisliing lime, and remained in this position until the 
 sale of this property to the Rockland-Rockport Lime 
 Company in 1900. He has not at present any connec- 
 tion with the active management of the lime business, 
 but is a member of the firm of Cobb, Wight & Co., 
 wholesale grocers, and of Cobb, Butler & Co., ship- 
 builders. He is a director in the Rockland National 
 Bank, the Rockland Trust Company, the Camden and 
 
 Rockland Water Company, the Rockland-Rockport 
 Lime Company, the Rockland, Thomaston, and Cam- 
 den Street Railway, and the Eastern Telephone Com- 
 pany. Mr. Cobb is a Republican, and in 1889-90 
 was a member of Governor Burleigh's Executive Coun- 
 cil. He presided over the Republican State Convention, 
 held at Lewiston, in April, 1900. He married, June 
 14, 1882, Miss Lucy Callie Banks, only daughter of 
 Dr. W. A. Banks, of Rockland, and has two children : 
 
38 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 Martha Banks, born April 9, 1883, and Anna West, 
 born July 16, 1891. 
 
 Edrar Millard Cousins. 
 
 In the autumn following graduation Mr. Cousins 
 entered the Bangor Theological Seminary, where he 
 pursued the full course and was graduated June 2, 1880. 
 During the two summers of his seminary course he sup- 
 plied the pulpit of the Congregational Church in Bur- 
 lington, Maine. In his senior year at the seminary he 
 received and accepted a call to the pastorate of the Con- 
 gregational Church in Cherryfield, Maine, where he 
 was ordained and installed June 9, 1880. Here he re- 
 mained three years, resigning in July, 1883, to become 
 acting pastor of the West Congregational Church in 
 Portland, Maine. In May of the following year he 
 accepted an urgent call to the pastorate of the Warren 
 Church, Cumberland Mills, Maine, in which he was 
 installed June 12, 1884, and where he remained more 
 than nine years. During these years the Warren 
 Church doubled its membership, while its church build- 
 ing was remodeled and enlarged to meet the increasing 
 demands upon it, and it came to be recognized as one of 
 the strong and active churches of the State. Closino; 
 his labors with this church Sept. 30, 1893, and declining 
 two calls to important churches out of the State, he 
 accepted at once an invitation to become Associate 
 Secretary of the Maine Missionary Society, a then 
 newly created office involving the presentation of the 
 society's work to the churches of the State. The 
 tinancial depression and other unexpected conditions 
 made it seem wise to resign this office two years later. 
 A pleasant pastorate of three years was passed in Gray, 
 Maine, and in 1898 a call was accepted to the Second 
 Church in Biddeford, Maine. Here he remained two 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 39 
 
 years and a half, resigning in April, 1901, and accept- 
 ing a call to his present field of labor, the pastorate of 
 the Congregational Church in Thomaston, Maine. 
 
 In whatever community his work has lain, Mr. 
 Cousins has identified himself with its educational 
 interests. When Westbrook (of which Cumberland 
 Mills is a part) became a city, he was made a mem- 
 ber of the School Board and remained so as long as 
 he lived in the city. He was chairman of the board 
 for two years, during which the school work of the city 
 was remodeled and put upon its present excellent basis. 
 He was Supervisor of Schools in Gray during his pas- 
 torate in that town, and he has for several years been 
 a member of the Board of Overseers of Bowdoin 
 College. He published, in 1894, " Centennial Ser- 
 mon of the Mount Desert Congregational Church, with 
 Historical Notes," in book form, and has also, from time 
 to time, published many sermons and articles in the 
 weekly and the religious press. Since 1891 he has 
 been corresponding and statistical secretary of the 
 General Conference of the Congregational Churches of 
 Maine, and, since 1898, consulting editor for Maine of 
 the Congregationalist. When amid all the confining 
 duties of a busy life he finds it possible, he likes to go 
 fishing as well as ever he did. 
 
 Mr. Cousins married, June 10, 1881, Miss Ella 
 Nickels Burnham, of Cherryfield, who died Aug. 2, 
 1882, of consumption. On Sept. 26, 1883, he married 
 Miss Ella Maria Burnham, of Machias, Maine, and has 
 had six children : John Chapman, born July 18, 1884, 
 who died Jan. 29, 1900; Irene, born Feb. i, 1887; 
 Edgar Fuller, born May 24, 1888 ; Mary Longfellow, 
 born Jan. 10, 1892 ; Herbert Burnham, born July 26, 
 1894; and Sanford Burnham, born Oct. i, 1898. The 
 eldest daughter, Irene, is preparing for Mount Holyoke 
 College. 
 
40 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 Frank Herbert Crocker. 
 
 After graduation he engaged for a time in the 
 apothecary and drug business at Machias, Maine. He 
 then began the study of medicine in that town with Dr. 
 S. B. Hunter and Dr. Henry H. Smith ('77), as pre- 
 ceptors, and also at the Medical School of Maine, in 
 Brunswick. He was graduated at that institution 
 May 31, 1882, and almost immediately thereafter 
 
 opened an office in Boothbay, Maine, where his time 
 was soon fully occupied with a good and growing prac- 
 tise. Dr. Crocker has always found the greatest pleas- 
 ure in his professional work, but during such leisure as 
 its duties have allowed him he has striven to keep in 
 touch with the general world of literature and affairs, 
 and his private library is a valuable one. In 1891 he 
 went from Boothbay to Machias, where he practised 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 41 
 
 eight years, removing in 1899 ^° Gardiner, Maine, 
 where he has since followed his profession. 
 
 Dr. Crocker married, June 6, 1883, Miss Lucy Has- 
 kell Crane, of Machias, and has two children : Julia 
 Lydia, born Nov. 15, 1885, and David Evans, born 
 March 17, 1888. 
 
 Frederick Henry Dillingham. 
 
 Immediately after graduation he began the study of 
 medicine in the College of Physicians and Surgeons, 
 New York City, and was graduated March 12, 1880. 
 In October of the same year, after six months' service 
 as assistant surgeon, he was appointed house surgeon 
 of St. Francis Hospital, New York, and also opened 
 an office for private practise at his residence, then 
 1 18 East 17th Street. On Feb. i, 1881, he became house 
 physician of the same hospital, which position he held 
 by reappointment until his resignation in February of 
 the following year. In January, 1882, he was ap- 
 pointed sanitary inspector of the Board of Health of 
 New York, being one of four successful candidates out 
 of more than four hundred applicants. In 1887 he was 
 promoted to diagnostician, and April 5, 1893, to assis- 
 tant sanitary superintendent. On Jan. i, 1898, upon 
 the consolidation of the Greater New York, Dr. Dilling- 
 ham became assistant sanitary superintendent of the 
 Borough of Manhattan, a position which he holds at 
 the present time, having charge of the department in 
 that Borough, and having more than five hundred em- 
 ployees under him. 
 
 The foregoing may be called the civic activities of Dr. 
 Dillingham. In the meantime, in what may be con- 
 sidered the more private sphere of his professional work, 
 he had, in November, 1884, been appointed assistant to 
 the professor of diseases of children at the New York 
 
42 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 Post-Graduate Medical School and Hospital, followed 
 by appointment, in January, 1885, as attending physi- 
 cian at the New York Free Dispensary for children. 
 In this year Dr. Dillingham began to give especial at- 
 tention to the study of dermatology, and in October he 
 was appointed assistant to the professor of dermatol- 
 ogy, at the New York Polyclinic. On May 5, 1892, 
 he was promoted to lecturer on dermatology, and on 
 
 June 13, 1895, he was made adjunct professor of der- 
 matology at the New York Polyclinic, a position which 
 he still holds. During the years 1886 and 1887, also, 
 he was assistant physician of the heart and lungs at 
 the Dewitt Dispensary of New York. He has 
 published " Diagnosis of Typhus Fever," in the 
 New York Polyclinic, " A Case of Poisoning by Sul- 
 phonal," in the Medical Record, and other professional 
 articles. 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 43 
 
 Dr. Dillingham was one of the founders of the Psi 
 Upsilon Club of New York, and has served at times on 
 the Board of Governors, and as chairman of the House 
 Committee. At present he is one of its vice-presidents. 
 He is also a member of the Academy of Medicine, of 
 the Medical Society of the County of New York, of the 
 New York Society for the Relief of Widows and Or- 
 phans of Medical Men, of the Physicians' Mutual Aid 
 Association, of the Medical Association of the Greater 
 City of New York, and was secretary of the Section of 
 Hygiene of the Academy of Medicine in 1892, 1893, 
 and 1894. When he can get time for any recreation he 
 turns to golf. 
 
 On Nov. 15, 1893, Dr. Dillingham married Miss 
 Helen Alexander Ganson at Christ Church, New York 
 City. In scarcely more than two months — on Jan. 20, 
 1894 — Mrs. Dillingham died very suddenly from la 
 grippe. On Nov. 3, 1897, Dr. Dillingham married 
 Mrs. Susy Ganson Ferguson, of New York, the cere- 
 mony occurring at Grace Church. 
 They have no children. 
 
 Edward Everett Dunbar. 
 
 After leaving college, in his sophomore year, Mr. 
 Dunbar entered the printing business, and with his 
 brother, under the firm name of Dunbar Brothers, es- 
 tablished at Damariscotta, Maine, the Village Herald 
 and Lincoln Record, a weekly newspaper, the first 
 number appearing Nov. 15, 1876. The Herald and 
 Record was successful from the start, was at least twice 
 enlarged, and was equipped with a new and improved 
 cylinder press. With the paper was connected also a 
 book and commercial job-printing business. Mr. Dun- 
 bar condnued to conduct this paper until the fall of 1893, 
 when he sold out and a year later purchased an interest 
 
44 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 in the Daily Star of Rockland, Maine, with which he 
 was connected for four years. In 1897 he disposed of 
 his interest in the Star and removed to Boston, Mass., 
 to engage in the business of manufacturing stereotype 
 and linotype metals and refining drosses. At the pres- 
 ent time he is carrying on this business in Boston, and 
 also the business of job and book printing. 
 
 Mr. Dunbar is a Republican, and during his resi- 
 dence in Maine was somewhat prominent in political 
 affairs. He was repeatedly a delegate to State Con- 
 gressional and County conventions ; was a member of 
 the School Committee of Damariscotta, 1893-94 ; was 
 secretary of the Lincoln County Agricultural Society, 
 1890-94; and from 1891 to 1894 was delegate from 
 the Second Congressional District of Maine to the Na- 
 tional Farmers' Congress, by appointment of the gov- 
 ernor. He is a member of the Knights of Honor, the 
 Knights of the Golden Cross, and the Knights of 
 Pythias. 
 
 He married, Nov. 22, 1876, Miss Mary Annie Day, 
 of Damariscotta, and they have three children : Mabel 
 Annie, born Jan. 13, 1878; Harold Everett, born Dec. 
 10, 1879; ^"^^ Alice Lucinda, born March 13, 1883. 
 Harold has passed the examination for admission to 
 Bowdoin College. 
 
 Charles Thomas Evans. 
 
 After leaving college Mr. Evans was, for a time, 
 cashier in his brother's insurance agency in Philadel- 
 phia, Pa., and subsequently in the office of the Penn- 
 sylvania Railroad. He then became secretary of Echo 
 Farm, in Litchfield, Conn., where he stayed until the 
 fall of 1880, when he resigned and entered the insur- 
 ance business in Philadelphia. He has continued as 
 insurance agent and broker to the present time, occupy- 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77 
 
 45 
 
 ing practically the same offices for more than twenty 
 years, at 428 Walnut Street, Philadelphia. He holds 
 the agenc}' for man}^ of the largest and most important 
 companies in both fire and life insurance. His resi- 
 dence, since May, 1892, has been at 203 West Walnut 
 Lane, Germantown, Philadelphia. He is a member of 
 the Pennsylvania Historical Society, of the Presbyterian 
 Historical Society, of the Pennsylvania Society Sons of 
 the Revolution, of the New England Society of Penn- 
 
 sylvania, of the Young Republican's Club, of the Site 
 and Relic Society of Germantown, and of the Philadel- 
 phia Board of Trade. Politically he classifies himself 
 as a Republican in national questions, an Independent 
 in municipal affairs. 
 
 On Oct. 20, 1880, Mr. Evans married Miss Susan 
 Strickler Greene, of Philadelphia, and has had six 
 children : Martha Houston, born Oct. 15, 188 1 ; John 
 James Houston, born Dec. 11, 1883 ; Annie Greene, 
 
46 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 born Aug. 19, 1885, but who died March 12, 1886; 
 Sarah Fifield, born Feb. 22, 1888 ; Stephen Greene, 
 born Feb. 17, 1890, but who died Aug. 4, 1897 ; and 
 Charles Thomas, Jr., born June 18, 1894. The eldest 
 daughter, Martha Houston Evans, is a student in the 
 Philadelphia School of Design for Women. John James 
 Houston Evans entered the University of Pennsylvania 
 in November last year, as a member of the class of 1905. 
 Sarah Fifield Evans is in Walnut Lane Seminary, pre- 
 paring for Bryn Mawr College. Mr. Evans writes that 
 "the entrance of my oldest son into the University of 
 Pennsylvania, calls up, as a matter of course, my own 
 college days, and I find myself sympathizing with those 
 matters which so much interest him." 
 
 David Blin Fuller. 
 
 During the year following graduation Mr. Fuller 
 taught in Gorham, Maine, and in Gray, Maine. In the 
 autumn of 1878 he became principal of the Greeley In- 
 stitute, Cumberland Center, Maine, where he stayed 
 three years, to the highest satisfaction of trustees, parents, 
 and pupils. He then resigned, and entered for a short 
 time the law office of E. F. Webb, Esq., Waterville, 
 Maine, removing in the late fall of that year, 1881, to 
 Kansas, where he was admitted to the bar Dec. 14, 1881. 
 On Jan. i, 1882, he formed a law partnership with J. B. 
 Clogston, Esq., under the firm name of Clogston & 
 Fuller, at Eureka, Kan., where Mr. Fuller has since 
 been engaged in the active practise of his profession, 
 now more than twenty-one years. In 1887, his partner, 
 Mr. Clogston, was appointed a justice in the Supreme 
 Court of Kansas, and for the next three years Mr. Fuller 
 conducted the business alone. On March i, 1890, 
 however, Judge Clogston resigned his position on the 
 supreme bench, and the partnership of Clogston & 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 47 
 
 Fuller was resumed, continuing undl Dec. i, 1897, 
 when it was dissolved by mutual consent, Judge Clog- 
 ston retiring. Mr. Fuller practised alone until June i, 
 1900, when he formed his present partnership with 
 F. S. Jackson, under the name of Fuller & Jackson. 
 The firm has by far the leading business of the county 
 and one of the best-equipped law offices in the State. 
 Their practise is carried on in all the courts except the 
 Supreme Court of the United States. Mr. Fuller has 
 
 been local attorney for the Atchison, Topeka & Santa 
 Fe Railway Company, the Missouri Pacific Railway 
 Company, and the St. Louis & San Francisco Rail- 
 road Compan}^, and has been a director of the First 
 National Bank of Eureka continuously since 1887 and 
 its attorney since 1885. He has never been a candi- 
 date for any political office, although several times 
 solicited to stand for district judge and for prosecuting 
 attorney. He was an ardent supporter of the candi- 
 
48 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 dacy of James G. Blaine for president, and has acted 
 with the Republican party since, serving as chairman of 
 the County Central Committee and a member of the 
 State Central Committee. During the greater part of 
 his residence in Eureka he has been a member of the 
 School Board of his city, and has many times been 
 president of the Board, a position which he holds now. 
 
 Mr. Fuller has taken an active interest in matters 
 pertaining to masonry. He was Grand Master of the 
 State in 1892 and 1893, was elected to receive the 33d 
 Degree at Washington in October of last year, and at 
 present is one of the grand officers of the Grand Com- 
 mandery. He was elected the first president of the 
 Board of Directors of the Kansas Masonic Home, and 
 has been unanimously reelected each year since. 
 
 " The county in which I am located," Mr. Fuller 
 writes, " is the largest cattle count}^ in the State. It is 
 not unusual for our large dealers to have a quarter of a 
 million dollars invested in cattle at one time. I was in 
 one pasture last year which contained something over 
 twenty-five thousand acres. The fencing around it was 
 about seventy-five miles in length, and it was the busi- 
 ness of three men with ponies to do nothing but 'ride the 
 fences ' and see that they were in suitable repair. These 
 large pastures are usually watered by artificial ponds, 
 and there are so many over the county that we get an 
 unusual number of geese and ducks, affording the best 
 of shooting. We have quail and prairie chicken in 
 abundance, September and October being the best 
 months for shooting. 
 
 " I am still a great lover of sport, and occasionally 
 take part in a baseball game. I am a director of the 
 Sterry Hunting and Fishing Club, located at the foot of 
 Antelope Park, Colorado, eighteen miles above Wagon 
 Wheel Gap on the Rio Grande River. The club con- 
 sists of twenty-seven members, including the present 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 49 
 
 governor of the State and other men prominent in politi- 
 cal life. The plant consists of four cottages, dining 
 room and kitchen fully equipped. It is at an elevation 
 of ninety-five hundred feet above sea level. It is open 
 from the first of July to the first of September. We are 
 constantly in sight of snow upon the higher ranges. 
 Mountain trout are as plentiful as could be desired, and 
 there is lots of big game, such as mountain lion, bear, 
 antelope, deer, and mountain sheep. The ladies usually 
 accompany us. The latch string is out, and any mem- 
 ber of '77 will receive a cordial welcome any time when 
 the camp is open." 
 
 Mr. Fuller married, March 8, 1882, Miss Clara 
 Augusta Wilson, daughter of Hon. N. Wilson, of 
 Orono, Maine, the ceremon}' being performed by Prof. 
 John S. Sewall, of the Bangor Theological Seminary, 
 formerly of Bowdoin College. The}^ have two children : 
 Abbie Louise, born Julv 15, 1894, and Hide Wilson, 
 born Dec. 2, 1896. 
 
 David Dunlap Gilman. 
 
 For several years after leaving college Mr. Oilman's 
 health was such as entirely to forbid close application 
 to any mental work, and so far as possible his time was 
 given to outdoor work and the general superintendence 
 of the farm in Brunswick, Maine. The effects of the 
 sunstroke, suffered in 1875, lingered with him for 
 nearly eight years, but the recovery, although slow, 
 was radical and thorough, and since the publication of 
 our last record in 1887, his health, then reported as 
 firmly and completely reestablished, has continued uni- 
 formly good. In the fall of 1883 he accepted a posi- 
 tion as paymaster of the Cabot Manufacturing Company 
 of Brunswick, a position which he has held continuously 
 since that date, now nearly nineteen years. The Cabot 
 
50 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 is one of the largest cotton mills in Maine, having 
 sixty-nine thousand spindles and one thousand six hun- 
 dred and seventy-two looms in operation, and the pro- 
 duction of sheetings and drills reaches an aggregate of 
 fourteen million yards annually. 
 
 A native of Brunswick, Mr. Oilman is actively identi- 
 fied with all movements looking to the development 
 and improvement of his native town, to the care of its 
 public grounds, to the preservation of its historical sites 
 
 and relics, and to the fostering of an intelligent public 
 spirit in the community. He finds his recreation in 
 rowing on the Androscoggin, but for the last four or five 
 years his boat has had to divide its time with his bicycle. 
 He has great enjoyment in bicycling, which he re- 
 gards "as a most exhilarating and delightful form 
 of exercise." 
 
 Mr. Oilman reports himself a Republican in politics. 
 He is not married. 
 
Bowcloin College, Class of '77. 51 
 
 William Andrew Golden. 
 
 Mr. Golden studied law in the office of the 
 Hon. Thomas B. Reed, of Portland, Maine, and 
 was admitted to the Cumberland bar, April 10, 
 1878. For several years he practised his profession 
 pretty steadily in Portland, although his health 
 was never very rugged. His trouble took the form of 
 epilepsy, and he has been a frequent sufferer from re- 
 curring periods of this disease. About three years ago 
 he was compelled to give up the practise of law entirely 
 because of the mental strain and the confinement, and 
 he opened a newspaper store in Portland. His mind, 
 however, continued to be seriously affected, and in 
 April, 1901, he was taken to the Asylum for the Insane, 
 at Augusta, Maine. The physicians of the asylum do 
 not regard his case as beyond treatment, and it is hoped 
 that he will eventually be able to return to his family. 
 
 Mr. Golden married, Sept. 10, 1888, Miss Josephine 
 L. Graves, and they have two children : Harry Ayer, 
 born Jan. 20, 1890, and Isabella Perry, born Oct. 23, 
 1900. 
 
 Joseph Knight Greene. 
 
 The autumn after graduation Mr. Greene was 
 principal of the high school, in Shirley, Mass. In 
 December, 1877, he went to Des Moines, Iowa, where, 
 with the exception of three months spent as principal of 
 the high school in Lawler, Iowa, he read law in the 
 office of Messrs. Parsons & Runnells until August, 1878, 
 when he was admitted to the Iowa bar. In the fall of 
 1878 he returned East and settled in Worcester, Mass., 
 where he has since lived. For several months he was 
 in the office of the Clerk of Courts for Worcester 
 County, but in September, 1879, ^^^ opened an office 
 
52 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 for himself, and from that time has been engaged in the 
 general practise of the law. 
 
 In 1887 and 1888 he was Commissioner of Insolvency 
 for Worcester County by appointment of Governor 
 Ames, and for several years was an officer in his voting 
 ward, but with these exceptions has not held public 
 office. He has always been an active Republican, 
 serving several years on the Republican City Com- 
 
 mittee and frequently representing his party as a dele- 
 gate to political conventions. He has been honored 
 with nominations for various city and State offices by 
 his party, but living in a Democratic district his honors 
 have ceased with the nominations. He has taken a more 
 or less active part in movements for the best interests of 
 his city and State, having acted as attorney for the 
 Massachusetts Temperance League and managed sev- 
 eral campaigns in the interest of no-license. For sev- 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 53 
 
 eral years he edited Solid Facts, a paper devoted to 
 civic righteousness. 
 
 Mr. Greene is a member of Trinity Methodist Episco- 
 pal Church and has been an official of the church for 
 twenty years and superintendent of the Sunday school 
 for live years. He is also a member of the Methodist 
 Social Union, and for a number of years has been a 
 director in the Young Men's Chrisdan Association. 
 He was one of the organizers of the Natives of Maine, 
 an association of eight hundred of the natives of the 
 Pine Tree State living in Worcester County. Of this 
 society Mr. Greene was for ten years secretar}" and 
 treasurer, for two years vice-president, and for two 
 years president. He is a member of the Worcester 
 County Bar and the Law Library Association. He is 
 also connected with several fraternal or^ranizations, 
 being a Past Grand of the Odd Fellows and having 
 served for one year as Grand Captain General of the 
 Grand Commandery of Massachusetts of the Knights 
 of Malta, refusing further promotion. Of another 
 organization he was chairman of the State Judiciary 
 Committee and member of the National Judiciar}^ Com- 
 mittee for some time. He has contributed to various 
 publications from time to time, but has never published 
 a book. In his younger days he was very fond of base- 
 ball. Now he plays chess for indoor recreation, and 
 whenever he can get time follows hunting and fishing 
 with great enjoyment. 
 
 Mr. Greene married, Dec. 12, 1889, Miss Frances 
 Lillian Newton, of Worcester, and they have one child, 
 Winthrop Stephenson, born May 16, 1891. 
 
 William Chute Greene. 
 
 For two terms in the year following graduation Mr. 
 Greene served as principal of the high school at 
 
54 
 
 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 Princeton, Maine. He then began the study of law 
 with M. T. Ludden, Esq., of Lewiston, Maine, and 
 was admitted to the bar in March, 1879. ^^^ May i, 
 following, he opened an office at Mechanic Falls, 
 Maine, with J. A. Roberts ('77), where he remained 
 one year. In 1880 he removed to Boston, Mass., and 
 in January, 1881, was admitted to the Suffolk bar. 
 He practised in Boston with good success, and a grow- 
 ing business for three years when, an especially favor- 
 
 able opening presenting itself, he removed, in June, 
 1884, to Sag Harbor, Long Island, N. Y., where he 
 has since lived. On going to Sag Harbor he formed a 
 partnership with George C. Ray nor, Esq., a Cornell 
 graduate, under the firm name of Greene & Raynor, 
 conducting also a branch oftice at Riverhead, N. Y, 
 In 1889 the partnership with Mr. Raynor was dissolved, 
 and since then Mr. Greene has continued the general 
 practise of law alone in the courts of New York and in 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 55 
 
 the United States District Court. He reports a steady 
 and substantial increase in business with every year. 
 He has also more or less to do with real estate, is 
 trustee of the Sag Harbor Savings Bank, attorney for 
 the Peconic National Bank and other corporations, 
 trustee of the Oakland Cemetery Association, and 
 attorney for the Law and Order Society. He has been 
 a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church since 
 college days, and during his residence in Sag Harbor 
 has served as superintendent of the church Sunday 
 school for twelve years, as president of the County 
 Sunday School Association, as church treasurer and 
 president of its Board of Trustees, and held other 
 offices in connection with the church. He is also 
 treasurer of the Sag Harbor Historical Society. 
 
 Politically Mr. Greene has always been a Republican, 
 and for several years served as chairman of the Re- 
 publican Committee of his town, but has steadily re- 
 fused to run for any office that would take him away 
 from the practise of his profession. He has for years 
 been a member of the Board of Education, and at his 
 last reelection received the very unusual and gratifying 
 compliment of a unanimous vote. 
 
 "Some eleven years ago," Mr. Greene writes, "I 
 built a house from which I have a fine view of water, 
 hills, etc. It has a large lot, and I raise a good variety 
 of fruit, berries, and flowers for ourselves and our 
 friends. I have picked ripe raspberries and roses from 
 our outdoor gardens this week [Nov. 21, 1901]. I live 
 a busy life, but spend as many evenings at home as my 
 duties will allow. We have a large library and try to 
 know something of what has taken place in the past, 
 and of what is going on in the present. Such outdoor 
 recreation as I can get, aside from the garden, is found 
 in yachting, tennis, and bicycling." 
 
 Mr. Greene married, on June 6, 1888, Miss Sarah 
 
56 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 Eliza, daughter of Mr, and Mrs. Cyrus Ripley, of 
 Paris, Maine. They have no children. 
 
 Serope Armenag Giirdjian. 
 
 A PART of the year following graduation Mr. Giird- 
 jian was a special student in chemistry with Professor 
 Carmichael at Brunswick, delivering during the year at 
 various places a number of addresses and -lectures upon 
 the " Eastern Question," which was then prominent. 
 In December, 1878, he sailed for Constantinople, Tur- 
 key, with the intention of establishing an institution of 
 learning of high grade in or near Constantinople. This 
 purpose he did not accomplish, and in the spring of 1880 
 he is believed to have made a short visit to this country, 
 returning, however, to Constantinople to engage in gen- 
 eral business. It is greatly to be regretted that it is 
 impossible to give any connected account of his experi- 
 ences from this time forward for many years. He 
 wrote to no member of the class, nor, so far as known, 
 to any one in this country. What was, however, un- 
 doubtedly one episode in his career figured somewhat 
 prominently in the American papers in the autumn of 
 1890 and gave him a sort of impersonal notoriety. Of 
 the several despatches and accounts then published, the 
 following seems to be the most complete and circum- 
 stantial. It is taken from the Portland Advertiser of 
 Oct. 28, 1890. 
 
 " Bowdoin men who were students at the college dur- 
 ing the time of President Grant's last administration 
 will be particularly interested in the despatches relating 
 to the outrageous treatment of an American citizen in 
 Constantinople. The first information was that this 
 man had been arrested at night and thrust into prison 
 on suspicion of complicity in the Armenian revolution- 
 ary movement. It was said that he was a graduate of 
 Bowdoin College, and went to Turkey during the ad- 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 57 
 
 ministration of President Hayes, to found an American 
 college, but the project fell through, and he had since 
 remained in Constantinople. After his arrest he was 
 allowed to communicate with the American minister, 
 Mr. Hirsch, and was released on condition of standing 
 trial. Mr. Hirsch protested against the violation of an 
 American citizen's right of domicile, demanded satisfac- 
 tion and the punishment of the officer responsible for 
 the arrest, and declared that he would not produce the 
 accused until informed of the nature of the charge. On 
 this it was represented to Mr. Hirsch, as reported, that 
 the accused had engraved a seal for a secret Armenian 
 committee. Proof was then produced that the man 
 knew nothing about the art of engraving, but had been 
 acting as the agent of Armenian manufacturers of photo- 
 graphic apparatus. The Sultan's government expressed 
 regrets, but Minister Hirsch held out for more substantial 
 satisfaction. There the matter stood at last accounts 
 from Constantinople, with the feathers of the American 
 eagle still ruffled and fire in his eye at the outrage. The 
 name of the abused American was not given in the Con- 
 stantinople despatch, and inquiry at the State department 
 fails to reveal his identity. The department, however, 
 has in its possession the names of several American citi- 
 zens residing in Turkey, and said to have been connected 
 with the Armenian movement. The names of two are 
 Novigan ( ?) and Glirdjian, and it was thought at the 
 department that Giirdjian might be the man referred to. 
 Serope Armenag Giirdjian was the only Armenian who 
 has been educated at Bowdoin. He graduated in the 
 class of 1877, and being the only Turk ever in the in- 
 stitution was a character of much interest." 
 
 When the preparation of the present report was un- 
 dertaken it was determined to make every effort to get 
 into communication with Mr. Giirdjian. He had been 
 seen by Mr. Dana Estes, of Boston, in Athens, Greece, 
 in the summer of 1900. A letter was accordingly sent 
 him to the general address of " Athens, Greece," fol- 
 lowed by other inquiries and letters forwarded through 
 the secretary of the United States Legation at Athens, 
 
58 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 and also through the United States Consul at Athens. 
 These efforts, in time, proved successful, and on Nov. 
 15, 1901, Mr. Giirdjian wrote as follows, dating his 
 letter from " No. 24 Hermes Street, Athens, Greece " : 
 
 " I thank you from the bottom of my heart for the 
 trouble you took in finding me out, your prodigal 
 brother. I received your letter written to the secretary 
 of the American Legation here, inquiring about me, 
 with a note from him, some eight or ten days ago, and 
 only yesterday have I received your letter directed to 
 me and addressed simply Athens, and it is a wonder 
 that I did receive your letter to me so directed, because 
 everything here is Greek, government and all. 
 
 "When I received your letter through the Legation 
 I was sick in bed, having returned from a mining ex- 
 pedition in the interior provinces of Greece in a very 
 bad condition. I am better now, though not able to do 
 much writing or mental work. It is so kind of you to 
 try to trace me ; you might have given me up for lost. 
 But for me ! I have never given up my adopted coun- 
 try, its institutions, associations, my alma mater, the 
 thought of which all have been my only consolation 
 through all my wanderings in the East. 
 
 " My life, since I left Bowdoin, has been very much 
 diversified, and often a life dragged on full of trials, 
 sufferings, and anxiety and tears ; a life full of untold 
 — and never-to-be-told-fully — stories. What must 
 have the fates against me to take me away so soon after 
 I left college, while in my adopted country I might 
 have been a useful (according to my abilities) member 
 of the great republic? That I may be an eye-witness 
 of the sufferings and wrongs done to my native coun- 
 trymen, the Armenians ! That I may observe the Spar- 
 tan struggle of that poor and neglected people for lib- 
 erty, and be absolutely powerless to raise a helping 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 59 
 
 hand ! That I may gaze on the rivers of blood running 
 throughout the whole Armenia by the fiendish orders 
 of the Great Assassin, encouraged by the Christian 
 monarchs of Europe I That I may come in actual con- 
 tact with the greatest house of prostitution in the world, 
 called, in retined language, European Diplomacy, 
 know its bloody machinations, brutal selfishness and 
 criminal indifference towards a poor, neglected, and 
 bleeding people I 
 
 " Enough. I am not able to write more. I beg you 
 to write me soon. I will write you again. Please give 
 my best respects to Mr. Estes, and other inquiring 
 friends. 
 
 " Again thanking 3'ou for your kind letters, I remain, 
 very faithfullv, 
 
 " Your friend and classmate, 
 
 " SeROPE a. GiJRDJIAX." 
 
 Immediately upon receipt of this communication a 
 long letter was despatched to Mr. Giirdjian, begging 
 him for fuller details and a more connected account of 
 his experiences for use in this report. The letter was 
 addressed to 24 Hermes Street, Athens, and sent by 
 registered mail, but no reply has come to hand. The 
 Greek postal service is not above suspicion, as Mr. 
 Giirdjian intimates, and it may be to its door that we 
 should bring our grievance for having no fuller informa- 
 tion for this record. 
 
 Frank Hobart Hargraves. 
 
 Directly after graduation Mr. Hargraves became a 
 partner with his father in the manufacture of woolen 
 goods at North Shapleigh, Maine. In addition to the 
 Shapleigh woolen mill, a company was organized in 
 1879 ^"^ ^ "^^^' plant leased at West Buxton, Maine, 
 
6o 
 
 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 of which Mr. Hargraves became the agent. This busi- 
 ness was continued with varying success undl 1895. A 
 Saco River freshet at that time so badly damaged the 
 plant that the lease was terminated. In 1900, however, 
 Mr. Hargraves purchased the West Buxton plant, re- 
 paired it and put it into operation, and has since been in 
 the active business of woolen manufacture at that place. 
 One of the earlier episodes of his business life was the 
 interest he took, very soon after leaving college, in devel- 
 
 oping the possibilities of a small "leather-board" mill. 
 " I learned the business," he writes, " and sold out the 
 plant with its possibilities still alluringly ahead. 
 
 " Meanwhile," he continues, "West Buxton had be- 
 come my home. I had become interested in other 
 business ventures in that locality and identified with the 
 affairs that make up a part of country life. I was pres- 
 ident of the Savings Bank, also of an insurance com- 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 61 
 
 pany of quite considerable proportions, and of a tele- 
 phone company that keeps an open door to the outside 
 world — not affairs of such importance that their men- 
 tion can bring a charge of egotism. 
 
 " Politically I am a Republican and have tilled the 
 usual town offices. I was a representative to the State 
 Legislature one term, in 1891, and two terms as Senator 
 in 1897 and 1899. I was a member of the Railroad 
 Committee in 1891 and chairman of the Finance Com- 
 mittee in 1897 and 1899. 
 
 " Recreation comes principally from short trips, 
 which are taken as occasions present themselves. Club 
 life in the country may be said to be limited. The 
 fraternal orders approach it. I am a member of the 
 Masonic Order, the Blue Lodge, Chapter and Com- 
 mandery. 
 
 "On Sept. 28, 1892, I married Miss Nellie Maria 
 Lord, of West Buxton. We have two boys : Hobart 
 Lord, born Aug. 8, 1894, and Gordon Swett, born 
 March 10, 1897. College life to them is far in the fu- 
 ture, but we expect Bowdoin to be their alma mater." 
 
 Charles Harring-ton. 
 
 Dr. Harrington w^rites : "On leaving Bowdoin, 
 at the end of my freshman year, I entered the class of 
 '78 at Harvard and graduated with it. Under the 
 elective system I had taken very largel}" courses in the 
 sciences, and during m}^ senior year had availed my- 
 self of the opportunity to listen to the lectures to the 
 first-year medical students, having an idea that I 
 might, perhaps, be allowed to take the examina- 
 tions, and thus do two years' work in one, and gain a 
 year. On graduation I found, however, that my time 
 thus spent could not be counted as a 3'ear of medical 
 study, and I therefore looked about to find some method 
 
62 
 
 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 of putting in some of my extra time. I was fortunate 
 enough to be invited to act as private assistant to the 
 professor of chemistry, and finding the work congenial, 
 I continued in that position for two years, in the mean- 
 time carrying on my regular work. In my third year 
 in the Medical School I was fortunate enough to be 
 chosen, a year ahead of the time when my class was 
 eligible to hospital appointments, interne on the medi- 
 cal side at the Massachusetts General Hospital, and, 
 
 though I had no intention of practising medicine, I was 
 glad to accept the position for the experience it would 
 give me. Thus, in my third year, I carried on the 
 regular medical study and the work of an interne, so 
 that when I graduated in 1881 in medicine, I received 
 also my certificate of service in the hospital. 
 
 " Then I went abroad and matriculated at the Uni- 
 versity of Leipsic, where I worked a semester under 
 the professor of hygiene. From there I went to the 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 6^ 
 
 University of Strasburg and worked in physiological 
 chemistry and pharmacology. Then I matriculated at 
 Munich and devoted my entire time to hygiene, under 
 Professor Von Pettenkofer, and on returning home I was 
 appointed, in 1883, assistant in chemistry in the Har- 
 vard Medical School, and shortly afterward was made 
 chemist to the Massachusetts State Board of Health. 
 In 1884 I was made instructor in hygiene, but retained 
 my assistantship in chemistr}^ From the time of my 
 appointment with the State Board I served nine years, 
 the work being wholly in connection with the statute re- 
 lating to the adulteration of foods. In 1889 I received 
 the appointment of Inspector of Milk for the city of 
 Boston, a position which I still hold. 
 
 " After some years' connection with the Medical 
 School I was appointed instructor in materia medica 
 and hygiene, and dropped my assistantship in chemis- 
 try. About four years ago, when hygiene was made a 
 part of the required work of the school, I ceased giving 
 instruction in materia medica and was made assistant 
 professor of hygiene." 
 
 Dr. Harrington published in 1901, through Lea 
 Brothers & Co., Philadelphia, "A Manual of Practical 
 Hygiene," royal octavo, pp. 729, with twelve plates 
 and one hundred and five engravings, and he has been 
 a constant contributor to medical journals ever since 
 his graduadon. He takes no prominent part in polidcal 
 acdvities, "but itis my custom," he says, " to exercise 
 annually the privilege of cidzenship, and I am quite 
 likely to be with the losing side." He finds his recre- 
 adon in farming, " with special reference to the breed- 
 ing of ' tame, villadc fowl.' " 
 
 He is a member of the Union Club, St. Botolph 
 Club, Papyrus Club (of which he has been president), 
 Harvard Union, The Strollers (New York), Society 
 of Colonial Wars, Naturalists Club, Rural Club, Mass- 
 
64 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 achusetts Medical Society, Boston Societ}^ of Medical 
 Improvement, Boston Society of the Medical Sciences, 
 Massachusetts Medical Benevolent Society, Massachu- 
 setts Medico-Legal Society, American Public Health 
 Association, American Chemical Society, and Boston 
 Natural History Society. 
 
 Dr. Harrington married, Feb. 25, 1884, Miss M. 
 Josephine Jones, of Boston, and they have three chil- 
 dren : Charles Pratt, born March 5, 1885 ; Marguerita 
 Carillo, born March 2, 1888; and Eugene Saudray, 
 born Nov. 3, 1891. Charles expects to enter Har- 
 vard this year, Marguerita is fitting for Bryn Mawr, 
 and Eugene is about to enter a preparatory^ school 
 and will fit for Harvard. 
 
 George Arthur Holbrook. 
 
 In the autumn of 1877, Mr. Holbrook entered the 
 Protestant Episcopal Theological School at Cambridge, 
 Mass., where he pursued the full course, and was gradu- 
 ated in June, 1880. He was ordained to the diaconate 
 of the Episcopal Church at St. Luke's Cathedral, Port- 
 land, Maine, June 27, 1880, and at once became assistant 
 minister of St. Paul's Church, Erie, Pa. On May 24, 
 1881, he was advanced to the priesthood by the Rt. 
 Rev. G. F. Seymour, bishop of Springfield, in Trinity 
 Memorial Church, Warren, Pa., and in August of the 
 same year he was made rector of St. Paul's Church and 
 parish in Bellevue, Ohio. After a service of two years 
 in this position he accepted an invitation to become 
 rector of St. Paul's Church and parish in Brunswick, 
 Maine, over which he was installed Aug. 12, 1883. 
 Here he remained nearly five years, removing on 
 Jan. II, 1888, to become rector of St. Peter's parish in 
 Ashtabula, Ohio. He continued at Ashtabula undl 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 65 
 
 Feb. 4, 1891, during his occupancy of this position 
 building a very pretty and well-appointed rectory. 
 
 On Feb. 8, 1891, he became rector of St. Barnabas 
 parish, Troy, N. Y., his present incumbency. He is 
 now in the twelfth year of his service in this parish, and 
 during this time he lias built tliere a very beautiful 
 Gothic church, costing thirty thousand dollars, all of 
 which was secured by Mr. Holbrook, except about live 
 thousand dollars raised by former rectors. This church 
 
 II! 
 
 has been furnished with new organ, handsome stone 
 altar, rood-screen, etc., and on the year following the 
 opening of the church a new parish house, thoroughly 
 equipped for parochial work, was erected at a cost of 
 ten thousand dollars. 
 
 Mr. Holbrook writes: "My life has been a very 
 busy, but not eventful one," and he finds his recreation 
 in philately, and in the study of English literature and 
 history. 
 
66 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 He married, at Erie, Pa., Oct. 11, 1881, Miss Lucia 
 Austin of that city. They have no children. 
 
 Phineas Henry Ingalls. 
 
 Dr. Ingalls was graduated at the College of Phy- 
 sicians and Surgeons, New York, March 12, 1880, 
 having previously been connected with the Maine Gen- 
 eral Hospital, in Portland, during a part of 1879, '^'^^ 
 acted as assistant to the professor of anatomy in the 
 Maine Medical School, session of 1879. ^^ received 
 the degree of A. B, out of course, by vote of the board, 
 on Commencement Day, July 12, 1882. On April i, 
 1880, he was appointed to a position on the surgical 
 house staff of the Woman's Hospital, 49th Street and 
 Fourth Avenue, New York City, and a year later he was 
 promoted to be chief house surgeon of that institution. 
 In the spring of 1882 he removed to Hartford, Conn., 
 and succeeded to the practise of Dr. Mathew D. 
 Mann, the eminent gynecologist, who had accepted a 
 professorship in the Buffalo Medical College. 
 
 Since settling in Hartford Dr. Ingalls has been 
 closely occupied with a professional practise, which has 
 shown a gratifying growth with every year. He 
 makes a specialty of diseases peculiar to women, and 
 his practise is largely in operations and consultation 
 work in Hartford and adjoining towns. It is prob- 
 ably the largest gynaecological practise enjoyed by 
 any physician in Connecticut. 
 
 In 1884 Dr. Ingalls was appointed visiting gynav 
 cologist at the Hartford Hospital, and entered with 
 enthusiasm into that branch of the work there. He 
 began to perform operations in the abdominal cavity 
 which before that time had been unfortunate in their 
 results in that city. By careful attention to technique 
 and the finer details of the work, he soon brought that 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 67 
 
 department of the hospital to a point where its work 
 will compare favorably with that of any hospital in the 
 country. Most of his work is surgical and he performs 
 about two hundred operations a year. 
 
 In 1891 Dr. Ingalls performed the operation that, 
 without doubt, did more to make his name prominent 
 in connection with this branch of surgical work than 
 any previous or subsequent performance. At that time 
 he accomplished successfully the very difficult and 
 
 dangerous operation known to the medical world as 
 Caesarian Section. It is rarely attempted, and is re- 
 sorted to only in the most desperate cases. A coolness 
 and nerve are required which few practitioners, es- 
 pecially among the younger members of the profession, 
 can command. In this case Dr. Ingalls was entirely 
 successful. The case attracted much attention and 
 was extensively commented upon in the newspapers. 
 
68 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 In 1894 Dr. Ingalls was appointed by Mayor 
 Brainard to the Board of Police Commissioners, and he 
 served there with faithfulness and ability. He was 
 chairman of the Building Committee which erected the 
 new police station. It was largely through his efforts 
 that the new building was started, and he took a deep 
 personal interest in its construction. 
 
 In December, 1899, Dr. Ingalls was made one of the 
 medical directors of the v^tna Life Insurance Com- 
 pany. This work which occupies a portion of each 
 day, in addition to a large operating service at the 
 Hartford Hospital and an exacting private practise, 
 gives about all the work one man can take care of. 
 He is a member of the Hartford Club, the Republican 
 Club, the Hartford Golf Club, the Colonial Club, the 
 Sons of the American Revolution and the Society of 
 Colonial Wars, and is a member and prominent sup- 
 porter 6f Christ Church. He belongs also to the city, 
 county, and State medical societies, but perhaps his 
 greatest distinction in this direction is his membership 
 in the American Gynaecological Society, an association 
 of specialists limited to a membership of one hundred. 
 He was elected to this society in 1890 and is the only 
 member in his State. 
 
 Among his more important medical papers are : 
 "Non-Surgical Treatment of Anteflexion," New 
 2"ork Medical Journal, March 27, 1886; "Damages 
 of Parturition and their Repair," Proceedings of Con- 
 necticut Medical Society, 1886; "Uterine Cancer," 
 Proceedings of Connecticut Medical Society, 1889 ; 
 " Sloughing Fibroids of the Uterus," Proceedings of 
 American Gynsecological Societ}^ 1891 ; " Successful 
 Case of Ceesarian Section," American Journal of 
 Obstetrics, August, 1892. 
 
 In 1883 Dr. Ingalls joined the First Regiment 
 Connecticut National Guard as assistant surgeon and 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 69 
 
 became much interested in the welfare of the local 
 militia. In 1885 he was made adjutant, and in 1890 he 
 was appointed on General Watson's staff as brigade in- 
 spector. He was enthusiastic in military affairs and 
 rendered valuable service to the State. He resigned in 
 1892 only because of the pressure of other duties. 
 
 Dr. Ingalls married, May 13, 1885, Miss Mary 
 Helen Beach, daughter of the late J. Watson Beach, 
 of Hartford. They have had one child, a son Phineas, 
 born June 9, 1886, who died in infancy. 
 
 Charles Ecrbert Kniorht. 
 
 After graduation Mr. Knight was employed as as- 
 sistant in the office of the clerk of courts for Lincoln 
 County in Wiscasset, Maine, occupying his leisure time 
 with law study. He was admitted to the bar in 1879, 
 and opened an office in Wiscasset the same year, where 
 he practised for some time. His father's health, how- 
 ever, not being good, Mr. Knight gradually abandoned 
 the practise of the law, and in 1882 joined in partnership 
 with his father for carrying on the grain and grocery 
 business which had been established in 1846. Since 
 his father's death he has continued the business alone, 
 with gratifying success. He now owns the Franklin 
 Block on Main Street in which he occupies two stores, 
 one store being finished in steel walls and ceiling. His 
 trade is both wholesale and retail. 
 
 Besides belonging to the Masonic order, Mr. Knight 
 is also a member of the Wiscasset Fire Society, which 
 was instituted in 1801 for mutual protection of its mem- 
 bers in case of fire, but which has become a social or- 
 ganization with membership limited to thirty. It holds 
 quarterly meetings, has a good fund, and does a great 
 deal in looking out for the welfare of the town. 
 
70 
 
 Bowdoin College, Class of '77 
 
 F'or outdoor recreation Mr. Knight takes to the water. 
 He writes : " I have a Palmer launch, twenty-one feet 
 long, and with a three horse-power gasoline engine 
 that I ran over two thousand miles during the summer 
 of 1901. The speed of the boat is about eight miles an 
 hour. I have no trouble whatever in running the en- 
 gine and enjoy this better than any other sport or recre- 
 ation I ever engaged in. It is my second launch. 
 We are about fifteen miles from Boothbay Harbor and 
 
 the ocean, and we have in the Sheepscot River prob- 
 ably as fine a place to sail a launch as exists in the 
 world." 
 
 Mr. Knight married, June 10, 1880, Miss Carrie 
 Baker Dodge of Wiscasset, and has a son, James 
 Monroe, born Aug. 10, 1881. The son has a decided 
 bent toward mechanical and electrical work, and like 
 his father is a natural musician, playing the mandolin, 
 the guitar, and the slide trombone. 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 71 
 
 George Thomas Little. 
 
 Mr. Little passed the year following graduation in 
 European travel. In the fall of 1878 he became instructor 
 in LaUn in Thayer Academy, Braintree, Mass., Prof. 
 J. B. Sewall (Bowdoin, '48), principal, where he re- 
 mained four years. In August, 1882, he accepted an 
 appointment as instructor in Latin in Bowdoin College, 
 and at the next commencement was elected College 
 Professor of the same department, and assistant librarian, 
 with full charge of the library, owing to the absence of 
 Professor Johnson in Europe. In June, 1885, he was 
 appointed, at his own request, librarian and assistant in 
 rhetoric, with the intent of giving the larger part of his 
 time to the first position. He has continued in the posi- 
 tion of librarian to the present time, now a period of 
 seventeen years, doing work of the highest value and 
 importance to the college in the general administration 
 of the library. 
 
 Mr. Little writes: " My residence and business have 
 remained unchanged since the last report. In regard 
 to the former I may mention the fact that in 1887 I pur- 
 chased the east side of the double house so many years 
 the home of Prof. A. S. Packard and Prof. William 
 Smythe, and have since occupied it. The months of 
 December, 1887, and January to April, 1888, I spent in 
 western North Carolina on account of ill health. Thrice 
 my summer vacations have taken me out of the country, 
 to England and the Continent in 1890, with my wife and 
 a party of ladies; in 1896, to British Columbia, where 
 my friend and companion, Philip S. Abbott, Harvard, 
 '90, lost his life in an unsuccessful attempt to ascend 
 Mt. Lefroy ; in 1901, to the same region where, under 
 the leadership of a Swiss guide, our party made several 
 ' first ' ascents of peaks in the Canadian Rockies. 
 
 "In 1888 I was relieved of all work in the depart- 
 
72 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 ment of rhetoric, and in 1894, of most of the duties per- 
 taining to the office of secretary of the Faculty, which I 
 had held for ten years. With the development of the 
 library incident to new methods of instruction in history, 
 political science, and the languages, the position of 
 librarian has become more important and more labori- 
 ous than in our undergraduate days. Instead of being 
 open only 500 hours a year, the library is now open 
 3,700 hours; in place of an annual appropriation from 
 
 the Boards of $300, there is now one of $3,000; the 
 book funds have increased from $2,000 to $25,000; the 
 circulation of books has doubled, while a very extensive 
 use of ' reserved books ' in the library itself had then no 
 counterpart. The reading room is also under the charge 
 of the librarian." 
 
 Mr. Little is a member of the Maine Historical So- 
 ciety ; the Minnesota Historical Society ; the Pejepscot 
 Historical Society ; the Maine Genealogical Society ; 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 73 
 
 the American Library Association, of which he was 
 recorder for several years, and since then member of 
 the finance committee ; the Maine Library Association, 
 holding all kinds of offices ; the Massachusetts Library 
 Club ; the Eastern Maine Library Club ; is local secre- 
 tary of the Palestine Exploration Fund ; a life member 
 of the Public Library Associations of Brunswick and of 
 Auburn, Maine ; a member of the corporation of the 
 Central Maine General Hospital ; a life member of 
 the Appalachian Mountain Club, and a member of the 
 American Alpine Club, which is just being organized 
 for mountain and arctic exploration. This by no means 
 completes the list, of which Mr. Little modestly says 
 that ''the societies mentioned are purposely made numer- 
 ous that the different sides of my quiet life might ap- 
 pear. I have done little for any of them, but I have 
 done something, I think, for nearly all besides the mere 
 payment of money. I have really been interested in 
 them." 
 
 Mr. Little published, in 1882, a volume of 620 
 pages, entitled " Descendants of George Little, who 
 came to Newbury, Massachusetts, 1640." He com- 
 piled and published, in 1883, " Exercises in Latin 
 Prose Composition, based on the De Senecttite and 
 De Amicitia of Cicero"; and, in 1884, '^ "Note 
 Book for the Study of Latin Literature," both manuals 
 for the use of his classes. He edited, in 1886, " A 
 Memorial of Alpheus Spring Packard," the venerated 
 professor at Bowdoin, and in the year following issued 
 a pamphlet entitled " Additions and Corrections to the 
 History of Bowdoin College." In 1894 he published 
 " General Catalogue of Bowdoin College and the Medi- 
 cal School of Maine, 1 794-1894, with an Historical 
 Sketch," and in 1899, " Obituary Record of Bowdoin 
 College for the Decade ending i June, 1899," octavo, 
 445 pages. 
 
74 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 As an active librarian Mr, Little has contributed to 
 periodicals many articles bearing upon or suggested by 
 his professional work, among which may be mentioned : 
 " What Should Be Done for an Old Library with 
 Limited Income? " Library Journal., 1885 ; "A Charg- 
 ing System for Small Libraries," Library Journal., 
 1886; "Helping Inquirers," Library Joitrnal, 1895; 
 " Special Training for College Librarians," Library 
 Journal, 1898 ; " The Library and the Small College," 
 Library Journal, 1899; and "School and College 
 Libraries," a paper prepared for the World's Library 
 Congress of 1893, and printed in the " Report of the 
 United States Commissioner of Education, 1892-93," 
 pages 916 to 938. He has also furnished book reviews 
 for the Nation, and college correspondence for the New 
 7'ork Tribune, the Congregationalist, and other papers. 
 The honorary degree of Litt. D. was conferred upon 
 him by Bowdoin College at the centennial commence- 
 ment, 1894. 
 
 Mr. Little says : " I have always voted the Republican 
 ticket, and count myself a member of that party. Have 
 held no political office, but was appointed by Governor 
 Powers to the State Library Commission in May, 1899, 
 and have since that time served continuously as chairman 
 of the Board." 
 
 His recreation, as all the class know, is mountain 
 climbing. 
 
 He married, Dec. 18, 1884, Miss Lillie Thayer 
 Wright, daughter of George Homer and Sarah 
 (Weeks) Lane, of Braintree, and they have four chil- 
 dren : Rachel Thayer, born Oct. 2, 1885 ; Ruth Bliss, 
 born April 19, 1887 ; George Tappan, born April 28, 
 1891 ; and Noel Charlton, born Dec. 25, 1895. The 
 two girls are preparing for college, but undecided as 
 to which one they will enter. 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 75 
 
 Orlando Marrett Lord. 
 
 For the first twelve years after graduation Mr. 
 Lord was engaged in the active work of teaching. 
 During a part of 1878 he was principal of the high 
 school in South Thomaston, Maine. He was then 
 chosen principal of the South Berwick Academy at 
 South Berwick, Maine, which position he retained three 
 years, the academy increasing largely under his adminis- 
 tration. In October, 1881, he resigned to accept the 
 principalship of the high school in Biddeford, Maine, 
 where he stayed one year, and then became master of 
 a grammar school in Portsmouth, N. H. for one year. 
 In October, 1883, he was elected principal of the Butler 
 Grammar School, in Portland, Maine, a position which 
 he held until 1889. In May of that year he was 
 elected Superintendent of Schools of the city of Port- 
 land, an office which by annual reelection he has re- 
 tained to the present time. 
 
 He married, Aug. 22, 1888, Miss Caroline Edna 
 Jenkins of Portland, and has a son, William Mason 
 Bradley, born April 5, 1895. 
 
 Frank Josselyn Lynde. 
 
 Born at Bangor, Maine, Oct. 2, 1855. 
 
 Died at Old Orchard Beach, Maine, Oct. 4, 1 
 
 Shortly after graduation Mr. Lynde became a clerk 
 in the apothecary and drug store of F. T. Meaher & Co., 
 corner of Congress and Preble Streets, Portland, Maine. 
 In September, 1878, he was admitted to partnership in 
 that firm. During the summer months the firm had 
 established a branch at Old Orchard Beach, and on the 
 morning of Oct. 4, as the summer season was nearly 
 
76 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 over, he had gone to die beach to close the business of 
 the branch store. This was completed, and he was 
 waiting at the railroad stadon for a Portland train. 
 The train arrived, and while he was finishing a con- 
 versation with some friends it began to move out of the 
 stadon. Seeing the cars were in motion he bade his 
 friends good-by, and took hold of the hand-rail of the 
 last car to step aboard. In some way his foot slipped. 
 A passenger tried to catch him and draw him upon the 
 platform, but ineffectually. He fell upon the track be- 
 tween the two rear cars, and the last car passed over 
 his body above the waist, causing instant death. Dur- 
 ing the two years of his business life in Portland, Mr. 
 L3nide had formed a very wide circle of friends, by 
 whom he was held in the highest esteem and respect, 
 and upon whom the news of his sudden death fell with 
 the shock of a personal bereavement. 
 
 George Henry Marquis. 
 
 In October, 1877, ^^'- Marquis entered the Boston 
 University Law School, remaining through the academic 
 year, when he continued study in the office of Clarence 
 Hale, Esq., of Portland, Maine, until his admission to 
 the Cumberland bar at the January term, 1880. In June 
 following he opened an office for the practise of law in 
 the Centennial Block, 95 Exchange Street, Portland, 
 where he remained in practise until April i, 1885. The 
 attractions of the West then prevailed and he started for 
 Dakota. April 10, 1885, he formed a partnership at Clear 
 Lake, So. Dak., with T. E. Sanborn, Esq., a graduate 
 of the Boston University Law School in the class of 1878, 
 who had already acquired a good practise in the then 
 territory. The firm of Sanborn and Marquis, in con- 
 nection with their work as attorneys and counselors, 
 did a good business in negotiating guaranteed first mort- 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 77 
 
 gage loans on Dakota farm property, and also main- 
 tained a general real estate and collection agency. This 
 partnership ran on for several years. Since its dissolu- 
 tion Mr. Marquis has continued business alone, devodng 
 his time to the strict practise of the law and abandoning 
 entirely the real estate and loan branches of the busi- 
 ness. Politically he finds himself of late years in 
 general sympathy with the Republican party, but he is 
 " not in politics."' He is city attorney for the city of 
 Clear Lake. 
 
 In the fall of 1901 he published through the Abbey 
 Press, 114 Fifth Avenue, New York, a story entitled 
 " Fairview's Mystery." The publisher's announcement 
 describes it as "a story of Dakota told by a Dakota 
 lawyer. There is a mysterious disappearance, an arrest 
 of one suspected of murder, an examination in commit- 
 ting magistrate's court, a discharge of the defendant, an 
 appeal to Judge Lynch, a thrilling scene when the pros- 
 ecuting attorney appears and saves an innocent man 
 from the fury of an excited mob, and finally a solution 
 of the mystery. All is told in an easy, natural manner, 
 witho.it attempt at scene painting or flowery description, 
 and the book is intended for the perusal of attorneys, 
 w^ho will find it entertaining and will be inclined to 
 attempt to solve the mystery before reading the conclud- 
 ing chapter in which the same is explained and solved." 
 
 Mr. Marquis married, Nov. 17, 1886, Miss Phebe 
 Harriet Kelsev, of Goodwin, Dak., and they have six 
 children, three boys and three girls, " and they com- 
 pose," he writes, " a large per cent, of my assets. They 
 are Sydney, born Aug. 24, 1887 ; Fanny, born June 
 21, 1889; Violet, born Jan 5, 1891 : Julian Seward, 
 born Aug. 16, 1892 : Carlyle, born Sept. 30, 1896; and 
 Thelma, born Sept. 7, 1899. Four of them are attend- 
 ing our local schools and may in time enter Brookings 
 Agricultural College, at Brookings, So. Dak. We en- 
 
78 Bowdoiii College, Class ol" '77. 
 
 joy splendid heallh, and, consetiuenlly, are not a source 
 of n-cnerous iiu-oinc to the medical profession.'' 
 
 Sciinucl Applcton Melcher. 
 
 Thjc year alter <jjraduation Mr. Melcher taught at 
 Greenville, Maine, and at Webster, Mass., and the 
 follovvino- year in Boothbay, Maine. In January, 
 1881, he became principal of the high school in 
 O.vford, Mass., remaining until April, 1884, when he 
 resigned to accejit an apjiointment as principal of the 
 high school in Whitinsville, Mass. Whitinsville is 
 the central village in the town of Northbridge, and 
 here Mr. Melcher has continued to the present time, 
 being most jileasantly situated, within a few miles of 
 Worcester, and within easy railroad distance of Boston. 
 
 In 1888 he was elected also Superintendent of 
 Schools for the town of Northbridge, a position in 
 which he has been retained by successive reelections. 
 For the past fourteen years, tiierefore, he has had the 
 double duties of High School l'*rincijial and Superinten- 
 dent of Schools. Ilis work in Northbridge has been 
 eminently successful. In almost every annual report 
 the School Committee have taken special pains gen- 
 erously to recognize the value of his service. In their 
 latest report, for the year ending Dec. 31, 1901, they 
 say, '' For fourteen 3'ears we have been able to retain 
 the services of Mr. S. A. Melcher as principal and 
 superintendent. With untiring zeal and energy he has 
 successfully labored to place our schools in the first 
 rank of the public schools of the Commonwealth, 
 Eflicient supervision, faithful teachers, and liberal 
 appropriations have made the Northbridge schools what 
 they are to-day." 
 
 In i8qi Mr. Melcher was elected to the presidency 
 of the Worcester County Teachers' Association, and, 
 
I^owdoin College, Class of '77 
 
 79 
 
 later, to that of the Massaehusetts Superintendents' 
 Assoeiation. I le has published many articles in edu- 
 cational pul-)lication,s, but they have been, in the main, 
 of professional interest only. 
 
 " I am able," he writes, " to unite pleasure with 
 business by usin<( the wheel in my daily work, and so 
 the limitations of my position together with considera- 
 ble natural inclination have made wheeling my favorite 
 recreation. Last summer, determined that our prophet 
 
 should not be without honor in his own class, I recreated 
 in naval construction at Brunswick. A small sailing 
 canoe is thus available for any member of '77 who feels 
 like daring the dangers of the Androscoggin during the 
 reunion season." 
 
 Mr. Melcher is a member of the Society of Colonial 
 Wars and the Society of Mayflower Descendants. He 
 married, April 3, i<S<S4, Miss Julia Ilarwood, of Oxford, 
 
8o Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 and they have two children : Lucy Harwood, born 
 Jan. 10, 1885, ^"<^ Elizabeth Appleton, born Feb. 13, 
 1887. Miss Lucy Harwood Melcher has been admitted 
 to Smith College and expects to enter in the fall of 
 1902. 
 
 Edward Clarence Metcalf. 
 
 Born at Brunswick, Maine, April 11, 1857. 
 Died at Newport, R. L, July 8, 1880. 
 
 Soon after his graduation Mr. Metcalf found em- 
 ployment as assistant engineer in Newport, R. L, with 
 the eminent sanitary engineer, Col George E. Waring, 
 Jr., where he remained two years. During this time he 
 superintended professional work at Cumberland Mills, 
 Maine, Irvington, N. Y., New York City, Long Branch, 
 N. J., Stockbridge, Beverly, and South Framingham, 
 Mass., Bridgeport, Conn,, and other places. In 
 January, 1880, he went to Memphis, Tenn., as engineer 
 in charge of the sewerage of that city. The great 
 mental strain attending the supervision of this im- 
 portant work, together with the unfavorable climate, 
 was more than his naturally strong constitution could 
 bear, and he was taken down with malarial fever near 
 the middle of May, just previous to the closing up of 
 work for the season. He was confined to his room in 
 Memphis for about two weeks, when, being much im- 
 proved in health, though still weak, he started, June i, 
 for New England by way of the Mississippi River and 
 the Great Lakes. While on his way North he took 
 cold and suffered a relapse of the fever, from which he 
 never rallied, but passed away July 8, in less than two 
 weeks after reaching Newport. 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77- 8i 
 
 Frank Asa Mitchell. 
 
 For a few months following graduation Mr. Mitchell 
 was civil engineer on the Portland & Ogdensburg 
 Railroad, and during the winter of 1877-78 was princi- 
 pal of the high school at Harwich, Cape Cod, Mass. 
 On Aug. I, 1878, he went into partnership with his 
 father, Mr. Asa C. Mitchell, in the drug and stationer}^ 
 business at Bellows Falls, Vt., but in 1881 removed to 
 Glens Falls, N. Y , where he continued in the same 
 business, becoming jiroprietor of the City Drug Store, 
 90 Glen Street In the spring of 1883, upon the death 
 of ills father, he returned to Bellows Falls, and, form- 
 ing a partnership with his brother under the name of 
 Mitchell Brothers, continued the business, dealing in 
 drugs, books, stationery, and artists' materials. Mere 
 he remained three years, when poor health obliged him 
 to seek a change, and in the fall of 1886 he " went to 
 Dakota for a hunting trip, and passed the winter there, 
 deriving both health and pleasure therefrom." 
 
 " In March, 1887," he writes, " I accepted position 
 with a wholesale and retail dru^j lirm in Marsiialltown, 
 Iowa, but remained only three months, when I was of- 
 fered and accepted a position witli tlie Buckley & 
 Douglass Lumber Company, of Manistee, Mich., be- 
 coming manager of the general store and Purchasing 
 Agent for the company. This concern operated a large 
 saw-mill of the most improved type, which ran night 
 and day. Later on it constructed one of the largest 
 salt blocks in the world, producing tvventy-Hve hundred 
 barrels of salt a day. In 1888 it began the construc- 
 tion of a standard gauge railroad, known as the Man- 
 istee & North-Eastern, for the purpose of handling a 
 vast amount of logs of its own and of other lumber 
 firms, and also for doing a general railroad business. 
 I was made Purchasing x\gent of this road, buying all 
 
82 
 
 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 the supplies, material, and equipment used in its con- 
 struction and operation. The main line now extends 
 from Manistee to Traverse City, seventy miles, with nu- 
 merous short branches. Two longer branches, now under 
 construction, will raise its total mileage to two hundred 
 miles. I was made General Freight and Passenger 
 Agent of this road in April, 1891, and have since de- 
 voted my entire attention to the Traffic Department. 
 The road is thoroughly modern in every respect, well 
 
 built, and equipped with up-to-date passenger and 
 freight cars and locomotives. It is now running eight 
 passenger trains a day, and its record as a ' bread- 
 winner ' is second to no railroad in Michigan. Although 
 its cost up to the present time exceeds two million 
 dollars it enjoys the distinction of never having issued 
 a bond. Every dollar of its stock is held by its original 
 incorporators. In this respect it is truly sui generis. 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 83 
 
 "As to the general railroad situation I am not favor- 
 able to the combinations and consolidations which are 
 now the order of the day. In them I see higher rates 
 and poorer service for the public in general and oppres- 
 sion for such small railroads as insist upon retaining 
 their individuality. Competition is the only thing that 
 has kept the big roads in check as to rates and has 
 compelled them to give the public good train service. 
 Competition being done away with the inevitable result 
 will be an advance in freight charges, a diminished pas- 
 senger service, and cheaper cars to travel in. Combi- 
 nations will make much money for the big capitalists, 
 some of which will come through lessening the cost of 
 operation, and through better business methods all 
 around, but the bulk of it will come out of the public. 
 Let the railroads of the country fall into a few controll- 
 ing hands, as they seem likely to do, and it will be a 
 difficult and expensive task to keep them within reason- 
 able bounds, either by State or national legislation." 
 
 In the intervals of a busv life Mr. Mitchell has 
 contributed occasional articles to Forest and Stream 
 an I other sportsman's papers and periodicals, among 
 them being one on the " Michigan Grayling," pub- 
 lished in Forest and Stream^ which attracted consider 
 able attention. He has been too busy in other directions 
 for any serious literary work for many years past. 
 For recreation he turns, as always, to hunting and lish- 
 ing. " These outdoor sports, besides being attractive 
 in themselves, atford a much needed change to the 
 busy office man, taking his thoughts from business 
 matters, giving his muscles exercise, his lungs ozone, 
 and enabling him to take up with new vigor his daily 
 work in the office. I am also something of a golf en- 
 thusiast." 
 
 Mr. Mitchell is a life-long Republican, but has never 
 held political office and never wishes to. He is a 
 
84 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 member of the masonic fraternity ; is devoted to whist 
 and has held office in the Michigan Whist Association 
 for many years, being president in 1899 and vice-presi- 
 dent now. He is somewhat prominent in the local 
 Business Men's Club, the Athletic Club, the Olympian, 
 the Country Club (golf), and other social organizations. 
 He married, Jan. 19, 1881, Miss Anna L. Flint of Bel- 
 low Falls, and they have had two children : Gertrude 
 Louise, born Oct. i, 1883, but who died in October, 
 1887; and Marjorie, born Dec. 22, 1894. 
 
 Carroll Willie Morrill. 
 
 Immediately after graduation Mr. Morrill accepted 
 the position of principal of the mathematical depart- 
 ment of the high school in Bath, Maine, which he 
 retained until June, 1881, occupying his vacations 
 during this time with the study of law in the office of 
 the Hon. M. P. Frank, Pordand, Maine. He was 
 admitted to the Sagadahoc bar in April, 1881, and two 
 months later opened an office at 199 Middle Street, 
 Portland. From that dme to the present Mr. Morrill 
 has condnued in the practise of his profession in Port- 
 land. He has, moreover, for several years been active 
 in politics, and is a valued member of the Republican 
 party. He is an effective public speaker, and has done 
 good work on the stump. He was elected representa- 
 tive to the State Legislature from Pordand in 1893, and 
 " in regard to my legislative work," he writes, " I will 
 add that I was made chairman of the Committee on 
 Legal Affairs, a very important committee, and was 
 further honored by being appointed by Speaker Savage 
 to deliver a memorial address on the life and character 
 of James G. Blaine, in the House of Representatives, 
 on Jan. 27, 1893." 
 
 In March, 1897, Mr. Morrill was elected city solic- 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 85 
 
 itor of the city of Portland, to which ollice he was re- 
 elected in 1898, and again in 1899. ^^^ ^^s one of the 
 prime movers in the organization of the Lincoln Club, a 
 very strong and influential Republican political club, 
 having an active membership of over three hundred, 
 and which has owed its continued success to the sub- 
 stantial lines upon which it was founded. It was 
 formed twelve years ago, and Mr. Morrill was elected 
 its flrst president. The club has annually commemo- 
 
 rated the 1 2th of February — the anniversary of the 
 birth of Abraham Lincoln — by a banquet and speech 
 making either in City Hall or at some of the hotels, 
 and the occasion has grown to be an important and 
 significant one. Mr. Morrill has also been secretary of 
 the Republican County Committee for a long series of 
 years. 
 
 For eighteen years he has been a member of Munjoy 
 
86 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 Lodge, No. 6, Knights of Pythias, of Portland, and is 
 also a member of the Past Chancellors Association of 
 that order. 
 
 " My favorite recreation," he says, " is that of Isaak 
 Walton, and I try each year to steal a few days from 
 business cares to indulge in the sport of fishing." 
 
 Mr. Morrill married, June 30, 1887, Miss Jennie 
 Lizzie Crockett, of Portland, and they have one child, 
 Ruth Shirley, born March 3, 1895. 
 
 Charles Wyman Morse. 
 
 After graduation Mr. Morse passed several months 
 in Europe in the autumn of 1877. On his return he 
 engaged with his father, Mr. Benjamin W. Morse, in 
 the shipping business in Bath, Maine. They were 
 shippers of ice to southern ports, and Maine ice was a 
 profitable article of domestic export to New Orleans and 
 among the coast cities, including Baltimore and Phila- 
 delphia. In the early '8o's Mr. Morse removed to 
 Brooklyn, N. Y., carrying forward, from this point, the 
 further expansion and development of the ice business. 
 He became closel}^ connected with the business in 
 Philadelphia and Baltimore, establishing his own com- 
 panies and making them prosperous rivals of local con- 
 cerns. In some southern cities he held the cream of 
 the trade until the introduction of modernized ice 
 machines made these localities independent of outside 
 supplies. 
 
 In 1891 Mr. Morse transferred his business to New 
 York City, and four years later he resolved to put an 
 end to the destructive warfare between the competing 
 ice companies and bring them together in one large, 
 economically managed concern. By rare diplomacy 
 and persistence, and after the expenditure of millions of 
 dollars, he finally united more than twenty companies 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 87 
 
 and all their properties, embracing over one hundred 
 ice houses, covering the ice business of the Hudson 
 River and most of the business in Maine. Of this Con- 
 solidated Ice Company Mr. Morse was the first presi- 
 dent. It possesses most valuable wharf properties in 
 New York City and at other points, owns more than 
 one hundred ice barges, and harvests over three million 
 tons of ice every winter. Although still one of the 
 largest stockholders, Mr. Morse resigned the presidency 
 
 of the company about three years ago because of his 
 increasing business operations in other lines. 
 
 His interests in the national banking business have 
 grown to large proportions, and, with his other enter- 
 prises, have given him prominence among the great 
 capitalists of New York. He is spoken of as attracting 
 "the attention of the banking communit}' by the ac- 
 quisition, within a year or two, of a chain of banks 
 
88 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 extending from Wall Street to Harlem, and including 
 one bank in Brooklyn." Among these may be men- 
 tioned the New Amsterdam National Bank, the National 
 Commercial Bank, the Garfield National Bank, the 
 National Broadway Bank, the Bank of the State of 
 New York, the Produce Exchange Bank, the National 
 Bank of North America in New York, the Twelfth 
 Ward National Bank, the Nineteenth Ward National 
 Bank, all of New York City, the Sprague National 
 Bank, of Brooklyn, and the Lincoln National Bank, of 
 Bath. " He is also prominently identified as a stock- 
 holder with a dozen other trust companies and banks," 
 says Leslie's Weekly of Feb. 24, 1898, in a careful 
 biographical sketch of Mr. Morse, " and is probably 
 more widely known and more influential in business 
 circles of New York than any other man of his years." 
 Mr. Morse is also at the head of the Eastern Steam- 
 ship Company, organized at Portland in 1901, with a 
 capital stock of three million dollars and a provision for 
 the issuance of bonds to the extent of the capital stock. 
 As the leader of this great corporate enterprise, Mr. 
 Morse controls all the coastwise steamers running be- 
 tween New York and Portland, Boston and Portland, 
 Boston and Bangor, Boston and the Kennebec, and 
 Boston and St. John. Very recently, also, he has com- 
 pleted a move by which he has secured control of the 
 People's Line, the Hudson River steamboat line between 
 Albany and New York. He has become, moreover, a 
 most important factor in the telephone situation, having 
 purchased outright for two million dollars, less than a 
 year ago, the charters for the Telegraph, Telephone, 
 and Cable Company of America and its branches, 
 covering the States of New York, Massachusetts, New 
 Jersey, Connecticut, and Pennsylvania. " The project 
 appealed to me as a busmess investment," Mr. Morse is 
 quoted as saying in an interview. "New York and 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 89 
 
 Boston are covered by a single company. Its profits 
 are not easily calculated. It is my intention to begin 
 here in New York as a base. Then we can make 
 arrangements with all other independent companies that 
 may want to get a connection with New York City." 
 
 Mr. Morse lives at 724 Fifth Avenue, New York 
 City, and is a member of the Union League, the 
 Metropolitan Club, and the University Club of that city. 
 He married, April 14, 1884, Miss Hattie Bishop Hussey, 
 of Brooklyn, who died July 30, 1897. He married a sec- 
 ond time, on June 18, 1901, at the Fifth Avenue Presby- 
 terian Church, Mrs. Clemence Cowles Dodge. He has 
 four children: Benjamin Wyman, born Dec. 17, 1885 5 
 Erwin Albert, born Jan. 18, 1888; Harry F., born 
 Dec. 19, 1890; and Anna Elsie, born Feb. 28, 1896. 
 
 Leander Hathaway Moulton. 
 
 Born in Durham, Maine, Feb. 6, 185 1. 
 
 Died in Lisbon Falls, Maine, March 16, 1902. 
 
 After leaving college in his sophomore year Mr. 
 Moulton taught for some time in his native town of 
 Durham, and was afterward for one year principal of 
 the academy at China, Maine. In the fall of 1879 ^^^ 
 became principal of the Lee Normal Academy, at Lee, 
 Maine. When he entered upon his duties at this institu- 
 tion there were only forty-five students, but he set at 
 work to build up the school, and succeeded in raising 
 large sums of money with which school apparatus, an 
 organ, etc., were purchased. There was a gradual in- 
 crease in numbers undl in the spring of 1887 the school 
 had one hundred and sevv:^nteen students. During the 
 twelve years Mr. Moulton remained there the school 
 came to be better known than any other in northern 
 Maine, and its principal recognized as one who had 
 
90 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 done much for the manhood and womanhood of a large 
 region. 
 
 Mr. Moulton resigned his position in Lee, to the re- 
 gret of all, and accepted the principalship of the high 
 school at Lisbon Falls in order that he might be near 
 his mother, upon whom he bestowed every care and 
 attention until her death at the home farm, in Durham 
 one year ago. Assuming charge of the Lisbon Falls 
 school in the fall of 1891 he made it a college pre- 
 parator}'^ school, and its increase in membership was at 
 once remarked. Under the direction of Mr. and Mrs. 
 Moulton, the school grew to be one of the best and most 
 progressive high schools in the State, the pupils sent by 
 it to the colleges comparing favorably with those from 
 any preparatory school. Mr. Moulton's best labors and 
 energies were given to this school, but he took his part 
 in the general interests of the community. He served 
 as member of the School Board of Lisbon, and as presi- 
 dent of the Androscoggin County Teachers' Association. 
 He belonged to Columbia Lodge, Knights of Pythias, 
 in which he was past chancellor ; to Ancient York 
 Lodge, Masonic, and was a past officer in Ali Baba 
 Temple, Dramatic Order, Knights of Khorassan. 
 
 Mr. Moulton's death resulted from pernicious aneemia. 
 He had been in ill health all winter, but not realizing the 
 serious nature of the disease, clung to his school work 
 until the close of the winter term. After this he failed 
 rapidly until the end, which came March 16, 1902. 
 
 Mr. Moulton married, October 9, 1874, Miss Laura 
 Eleanor Whitney, of Brunswick, Maine, who survives 
 him. They had no children. 
 
 Charles Lendol Nickerson. 
 
 The three years following graduation Mr. Nickerson 
 was variously employed, teaching a part of the time at 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 91 
 
 Woodford's, Maine, and subsequently being connected 
 with business houses in Boston, Mass., and Saco, 
 Maine. In September, 1880, he accepted an ap- 
 pointment as instructor in mathematics and natural 
 science in the Hallowell Classical and Scientific 
 Academy, Hallowell, Maine. This position he retained 
 three years, when ill health caused him to resign, and he 
 went West in the fall of 1883. In September of that 
 year he accepted a position as superintendent and princi- 
 pal of the high school in Garden City, Minn. " But 
 Minnesota air was not improved for him by being 
 mixed with chalk dust," he wrote at that time, and at 
 the end of a year he gave up teaching and bought a 
 farm. In the class report issued in 1887 he is quoted as 
 saying, " I enjoy this out-of-door life very much, and 
 find it far more healthful, and expect to find it not less 
 remunerative after my stock has increased somewhat, 
 as the value of land in this vicinity is rising rapidly." 
 
 In March of the present year Mr. Nickerson writes : 
 " The above extract is correct as to statements and the 
 ' expectations ' have been well met. I have continued 
 ' doing business at the old stand.' I have led a busy, 
 but somewhat quiet and uneventful, life. The making 
 of a home out of a piece of bare prairie is a work full 
 of interest to those engaged in it, but attracts little notice 
 from others. Since the last report I have built and oc- 
 cupied a large house on the same farm ; have kept on at 
 general farming, making only such changes of the 
 leading lines as the markets and growth of the country 
 demanded ; have never had any desire to return to an 
 indoor occupation, and find the care and developing 
 of my own young cattle, lambs, and colts much less try- 
 ing than that of another's ' kids." 
 
 "While growino- wheat to some extent in rotation I 
 have never made it a specialty as has been done here by 
 many renters and some large farmers. Growing forage 
 
92 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 crops and raising cattle, hogs, and horses distributes the 
 work better through the year, avoids the rush of har- 
 vest and the invasion of one's home by ' hobo ' harvest 
 hands, conserves fertility, and keeps one so busy at 
 home that he has no time to spread carmine decorations 
 on the country towns. 
 
 " Aside from reading, I find much pleasure in follow- 
 ing some line of special farming. Perhaps fruit grow- 
 ing has been the most interesdng, and an abundance of 
 apples, lasting well into spring, helps to keep up an 
 interest in the subject. Not many years ago it was 
 tliouglit that only crab-apples could be grown in 
 Minnesota; now a good variety of standard apples are 
 grown." 
 
 Mr. Nickerson is a Minnesota Republican — "a 
 Republican as a matter of principle and not of per- 
 quisites." 
 
 He married, Aug. 23, 1881, Miss Ella M. Graves, of 
 Saco. The\' have no children. 
 
 Fremont Man nine Palmer. 
 
 Born at rorlhuul, Maine, Feb. 29, 1856. 
 Died at Porlhmd, Maine, June 22, 1885. 
 
 In the autumn of 1877, immediately after graduation, 
 Mr. Palmer became bookkeeper with his father, dealer 
 in boots and shoes, Portland, where, with one or two 
 long vacations excepted — taken with a view to benefit- 
 ing his health — he remained until the time of his death. 
 In the spring of 1879 he passed several weeks in Cuba, 
 and three years later he made a four months' trip in 
 Europe, visidng Germany, Austria, Italy, France, and 
 England. In a private letter, his father, Mr. M. G. 
 Palmer, says : " His competency and fidelity and adapta- 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 93 
 
 bility to his business were remarkable. He seemed to 
 retain all the knowledge he had acquired and brou<^ht 
 it into business when needed. The arrangement of 
 the store, planned and carried out by him, was so sys- 
 tematic and complete as to attract the attention of shoe 
 dealers, who universally gave it the credit of being 
 the best retail boot and shoe store in the United States. 
 His quiet, gentlemanly manners, his studious habits, his 
 fondness for his parents, and his solicitude for their com- 
 fort and happiness were observed by all who came in 
 contact with him, and no young man in this city stood 
 higher in the estimation of his acquaintance. Never 
 remarkably strong, but enjoying very good health, he 
 bade fair for a long and useful life. In June, 1885, a 
 cold resulted in a fever, from which he soon rallied and 
 had reached a nearly normal condition. Feeling quite 
 able to get up, he exerted himself too much in putting 
 on his clothing, which he had completed and had sat 
 down by the window, when his heart ceased to beat, 
 and he was gone in a moment, without a word, gasp, or 
 struggle. ' Heart failure,' was the verdict of the physi- 
 cians who were immediately called." He was the center 
 of a warm circle of friends, who iiad learned to love and 
 respect his kindly character and manly worth. 
 
 Robert Edwin Peary. 
 
 The two years following graduation Mr. Peary was 
 civil engineer and surveyor at Fryeburg, Maine. In 
 July, 1879, '^^ received a provisional, and in the January 
 following a permanent, appointment to the United 
 States Coast Survey service, ranking first among the 
 eight picked contestants at the second examination. 
 He continued in the Coast Survey Olhce at Washington 
 until the summer of 1881, when he entered a competi- 
 tive examination for a position in the Engineer Corps, 
 
94 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 United States Navy. Of about two hundred applicants 
 less than forty passed the preliminary technical and 
 physical examination and received permits to enter the 
 examination for appointments. This was most rigorous, 
 occupying eight hours a day for ten days and but fifteen 
 candidates persevered to the end. Mr. Peary was one 
 of four successful, and in November, 1881, received 
 commission as officer of the Engineer Corps, United 
 States Navy, with the rank and pay of lieutenant. In 
 
 November, 1886, he was promoted by the rules of the 
 service to the rank and pay of lieutenant-commander. 
 After his appointment in 188 1 he was stationed first 
 at the Washington Navy Yard, and subsequentl}- had 
 charge of the construction of an iron pier at Key West, 
 Florida. He finished duty at Key West and came north 
 in July, 1883, ^i^d in September following was ordered 
 to Newport, R. I., to take charge of improvements at 
 the Naval Training Station. 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 95 
 
 In June, 1884, he declined an offer from the Siamese 
 government to take charge of works in that country, and 
 in December of the same year was ordered to special 
 duty in Nicaragua on the Interoceanic Canal Survey. 
 He returned in June, 1885, and was ordered to Wash- 
 ington on special duty, and on completing this service he 
 obtained from the Department eight months' leave of 
 absence, from April 15, 1886. Most of this furlough 
 he occupied with a trip to Greenland, undertaken in his 
 pesonal capacit}^ only, for the purpose of penetrating 
 and exploring the interior. He was three months in 
 Greenland, his inland trip over the glacier, full of thrill- 
 ing adventures and experiences occupying twenty days. 
 He succeeded in penetrating about one hundred miles 
 into the interior and became convinced that " instead of 
 the interior of Greenland being an impassable region, it 
 is for a properly equipped party of men, expert with 
 snowshoes, an imperial highway. Such a party could 
 accomplish about all it is desirable to learn, in case the 
 inland ice is coextensive with Greenland itself, and 
 would doubtless discover the mysterious Northeast 
 Cape, an achievement second in scientific value only to 
 the discovery of the Northwest Passage, and in senti- 
 mental value only to the North Pole." His party con- 
 sisted of ten only, eight of them being nadve Eskimos. 
 His return home by a whaler took two and a half 
 months. 
 
 Such was Lieutenant Peary's first arcdc experience, 
 as recorded in the class report of 1887, and such his 
 opinion of the promises and possibilities of exploration 
 in the land of eternal snow. Since thatdme his repeated 
 expeditions to Greenland, carried triumphantly through 
 in the face of discouragements and obstacles that might 
 well appall the bravest, have won for him the admira- 
 tion of his countrymen and the respect of the scientific 
 world. To give any adequate description of his ex- 
 
g6 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 periences during these years would far transcend the 
 limitations imposed by a class report. His work in all 
 its phases has been discussed in the monthl}^ maga- 
 zines, the reviews, the geographical and other scientific 
 periodicals, and in the daily and weekly press of the 
 United States and England. His own book, "North- 
 ward over the ' Great Ice ' : a Narrative of Life and 
 Work along the Shores and upon the Interior Ice-Cap 
 of Northern Greenland in the years 1886 and 1891- 
 1897," published in two volumes (New York: Frederick 
 A. Stokes Company, 1898), contains a mass of material 
 of high scientific value as well as of great popular 
 interest. Around this may be grouped other volumes 
 bv individual members of his different expeditions, and 
 papers and discussions before geographical and ethno- 
 logical societies. A " Peary literature " has grown up 
 which will be an important chapter in the long story of 
 arctic exploration and discovery. 
 
 For the statement which follows the class are in- 
 debted to the kindness of Mrs. Pear}', who herself ac- 
 companied Lieutenant Pear}- on his expediuon which 
 sailed June 6, 1891, and again on the expedition of 
 1893, passing thus two years in arctic life, the first at 
 the headquarters of the expedition at McCormick Bay, 
 and the second at Falcon Harbor, Bowdoin Bay, and 
 sharing the dangers and the hardships, as well as the 
 pleasures, of the life with her husband and the men of 
 his command. It is admirable and authoritative in every 
 respect. 
 
 " On his return from Greenland, in 1886, Mr. Peary 
 was on special dutv at the Bureau of Yards and Docks, 
 Navy Department, Washington. In November he was 
 sent to Nicaragua as sub-chief of the Nicaragua Canal 
 Construction Company, where he superintended the 
 survey of the entire route from ocean to ocean. He re- 
 turned to New York in July, 1888, and completed his 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 97 
 
 report. In 1889 he was ordered to League Island 
 Navy Yard, Philadelphia, to superintend tlie con- 
 struction of a timber dry dock, which was completed in 
 1891. 
 
 "In June, 1891, he was granted leave of absence by 
 the navy department to continue the exploration of the 
 Greenland coast. The objects of this expedition were : 
 
 " /'7r.s7. — Determination of the northern limit of 
 Greenland overland. 
 
 ''^Second. — The possible discovery of the most prac- 
 ticable route to the pole. 
 
 " Third. — The study of the Whale Sound Eskimos. 
 
 " Fourth. — The securing of geographical and meteo- 
 rological data. 
 
 " He returned from this expedition in September, 
 1892, with the following results: 
 
 " First. — The determination of the northern exten- 
 sion and the insularity of Greenland and the delineation 
 of the northern extension of the great interior ice-cap. 
 
 " Second. — The discovery of detached ice-free land 
 masses of less extent to the northward. 
 
 " Third. — The determination of the rapid conver- 
 gence of the Greenland shores above the seventy-eighth 
 parallel. 
 
 '■''Fourth. — The observation of the relief of an ex- 
 ceptionally large area of the inland ice. 
 
 '-'-Fifth. — The delineation of the unknown shores 
 of Ingletield Gulf and the imperfectly known shores of 
 Whale and Murchison Sounds. 
 
 '■'-Sixth. — The discovery of a large number of 
 glaciers of the first magnitude. 
 
 '■'■ Seventh. — Tlie first complete and accurate re- 
 corded information of the arctic highlanders. 
 
 '-'-Eighth. — Complete meteorological and tidal 
 observations. 
 
 '■'■ JVinth. — Sledge journey of thirteen hundred miles 
 
98 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 at an altitude of from two thousand to eight thousand 
 feet above the sea-level, without a cache from beginning 
 to end. 
 
 " The next nine months Mr. Peary devoted to lec- 
 turing in order to raise the necessary funds for a con- 
 tinuation of his explorations in the arctic regions. 
 
 " On July 8, 1893, he left Portland, Maine, on his 
 third expedition to the frozen North. The objects of 
 this expedition were : 
 
 '■''First. — The delimitation of the detached lands 
 lying north of Main Greenland. 
 
 '''■Second. — The filling in of the remaining gaps in 
 the northern and northeastern coast-line of Greenland. 
 
 " Third. — The completion of the detail survey of 
 the Whale Sound region. 
 
 " Fourth. — Continuation of the studies of the Smith 
 Sound Eskimos. 
 
 '■'■Fifth, — The discovery of the ' Iron Mountains.' 
 
 " In September, 1895, he returned with the following 
 results : 
 
 '■'•First. — The crossing of the inland ice-cap of 
 North Greenland under a most serious handicap of 
 insufficient provisions. 
 
 '■'■Second. — The completion of the detail survey of 
 Whale Sound. 
 
 " Third. — Large accessions of material and infor- 
 mation in connection with the Smith Sound Eskimos. 
 
 '■'■Fourth. — The discovery of the 'Iron Mountain,' 
 or Cape York meteorites, and the bringing back of two 
 of those interesting masses. 
 
 " In November, 1895, he was ordered to duty at the 
 New York Navy Yard. In July, 1896, he obtained 
 three months' leave of absence from the navy depart- 
 ment and sailed for Cape York, hoping to bring back 
 the last and largest of these meteorites. But the season 
 was an earl}^ one, and this, together with the failure of 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 99 
 
 two of his hydraulic jacks, obliged him to return the 
 following September without his prize. However, the 
 great mass of iron, which he now knew weighed nearly 
 ninety tons, had been brought down to the water's edge 
 ready to be put on board ship another summer. He 
 again went on duty at the New York Navy Yard until 
 July, 1897, when he once more pushed north with all 
 the appliances necessary to put the great meteorite into 
 the hold of the ship. The following September he 
 returned, bringing the largest known meteorite in the 
 world to New York. 
 
 " President McKinley luuing granted him five years' 
 leave of absence in which to locate the North Pole if 
 possible, Mr. Peary set to work at once to raise the 
 necessary funds. All of his expeditions have been 
 backed by private capital. The government has never 
 subscribed a cent, nor has he asked it. In July, 1898, 
 he again sailed for the arctic regions, this time his 
 object being the attainment of the pole and the delinea- 
 tion of the lands north of Greenland. In 1899 he re- 
 ported that owing to the frosting of his feet and the 
 subsequent amputation of seven toes, he had been able 
 to deposit depots of supplies as far north as Fort Conger 
 only. He was the first to cross Ellesmere Land from 
 east to west and ascend its ice-cap ; he also surveyed 
 the Hayes Sound, Bache Island region, proving that 
 there is no sound and that Bache Island is a peninsula. 
 
 " In 1900 he reports the following results : 
 
 " First. — The sounding of the northern limit of the 
 Greenland Archipelago, the most northerly known land 
 in the world, probably the most northerl}' land. 
 
 " Second. — Tiie highest latitude yet attained in the 
 western hemisphere, 83° 50' N. 
 
 " Third. — The determination of the oriijin of the 
 so-called ' paleocrystic ice,' ' floe bergs,' etc. 
 
 " He returned to his headquarters at Fort Conger, 
 
 ..oFC. 
 
loo Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 where he expeeted his ship to meet him, but in this he 
 was disappointed, as it was impossible for a ship to 
 foree her way through tlie iee that year. Consequently 
 in the spring of 1901 he started south to hunt up his 
 ship and his supplies. These he found awaiting him at 
 Cape Sabine, where they had spent the winter anxiously 
 watchintj for his return, 
 
 "Here the ship left him in August, 1901, and here 
 he will make his winter quarters, and early in the spring 
 of 1902 will make his final attempt to reach the pole, 
 returning to his home, with God's help, in the ship 
 which will go for him in the summer of 1902." 
 
 Mr. Peary married, Aug. 11, 1888, Miss Josephine 
 Diebitsch, of Washington, and they have had two 
 children, Marie Ahnighito, born Sept. 12, 1893, at 
 Anniversary Lodge, Bowdoin J^ay, Greenland, in lati- 
 tude 77° 44' N., and having the distincdon of being the 
 most northerly born white child in the world ; and 
 Francine, born Jan. 7, 1899, but who died Aug. 7, 
 1899, never having seen her father. 
 
 Curtis Appleton Perry. 
 
 In the August following graduation Mr. Perry sailed 
 for Europe, where the next four years were passed in 
 study and travel in many of the continental countries, 
 including Germany, Russia, Switzerland, Italy, and 
 France. The larger part of this time was given to the 
 study of art, and following the instincdve impulses and 
 tastes of his nature he ended by definitely adopting 
 painting as his profession. On his return to this coun- 
 try in July, 1881, he opened a studio at 16 West 23d 
 Street, New York City, where he remained somewhat 
 more than a year, devoting himself entirely to the 
 painUng of figures and portraits. In 1883, however, he 
 returned to Paris for further study and was abroad until 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. loi 
 
 the early suinnicr of iS<S6. This lime was passed, so 
 far as possible, in earnest art work, but his health was 
 not stroller, and severe nervous troubles forbade his at- 
 teniptin<^ any continued or important work during the 
 seasons of 1885 and 1886. In the spring of the latter 
 year he went to IlerauU, a French watering-place, for 
 change and medical treatment, returning to America the 
 last of June. For several years thereafter he lived in 
 l^raintree, Mass., in and near which place some of his 
 best work as a painter has been done. He lias con- 
 tributed to many exhibitions, including the Royal 
 Academy Exhibition of 1891, but his work has often 
 been interrupted by impaired health, and it has been 
 necessary for him to seek rest and change in travel. 
 For the last eight or nine years he has lived in Portland, 
 Maine, doing as much as liis health would permit in 
 the line of portrait painting, and taking his summers for 
 the freest outdoor life in the countrv. In these long 
 vacations he has of recent years given himself to the care- 
 ful study of the mushroom family in New England, and 
 especially in Maine, including all varieties, lioth edible 
 and poisonous, and he is to-day jirobably one of the e\- 
 l-)ert mycologists of New England. In quite another 
 line of late years have been his continued observations 
 and studies in sociological problems, which have pro- 
 foundly influenced his opinions, and of which a state- 
 ment will be found in another division of this report. 
 Mr. Perry is not married. 
 
 William Perry. 
 
 In the fall of 1877 Mr. Perry began the study of law 
 with Messrs. Tuckerman, Huntington, and Fitz, of 
 Salem, Mass., with whom he remained one year, and 
 then entered the Harvard Law School. At that institu- 
 tion he took a two years' course, being graduated in 
 
I02 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 June, 1880, and shortly thereafter formed a partner- 
 ship with Alden P. White, Esq., under the firm name 
 of Perry & White, for the practise of law in Salem. 
 Here he has ever since continued in the active practise 
 of his profession. His business is entirely an office 
 practise, and he devotes himself almost exclusively to 
 the management of trust estates. He is also clerk of 
 
 the First District Court of Essex County. For recrea- 
 tion he turns to yachting, golf, and tennis. 
 
 He was given the degree of A. B., out of course, at 
 the Bowdoin Commencement of 1887. 
 
 Mr. Perry married, June 19, 1889, Miss Lucy Dan- 
 iels Sutton, of Salem. They have no children. 
 
 Samuel Russell Bearce Pingree. 
 
 After leaving Bowdoin at the end of his freshman 
 year he entered the corresponding class in the Boston 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77- 103 
 
 University, at which institution lie was graduated in 
 1877, remaining, however, a year longer for post- 
 graduate study. During 1878-79 he was a student of 
 classical philology at Leipzig, Germany, and during 
 1879-80 at Strasburg. On his return to this country he 
 became instructor in the classics and in the German 
 language at Poughkeepsie Military Institute, Pough- 
 keepsie, N, Y., tilling this position for two years. He 
 then relinquished teaching, and in January, 1883, en- 
 tered business with his father, under the tirm name of 
 R. C. Pingree & Co., manufacturers of lumber at 
 Lewiston, Maine, where he has continued in business 
 during the last nineteen 3'ears. 
 
 Mr. Pingree married, Sept. 6, 188 1, Miss Sarah 
 Putney Jones, of Georgetown, Mass., and they have 
 five children : Elizabeth Nelson, born July 18, 1885 ; 
 Harold Bearce, born Nov. 2, 1886; Helen Spofford, 
 born May 4, 1889; Mellen Howard, born Nov. 21, 
 1890 ; and Arthur Edward, born Aug. 26, 1894. 
 
 Edwin Judson Pratt. 
 
 Born in Yarmouth, Maine, July 7, 1853. 
 Died in New York City, April 20, 1896. 
 
 During the two years immediately following gradua- 
 tion Mr. Pratt assisted Dr. T. F. Allen, of New York 
 City, in the preparation of his " Encyclopedia of Materia 
 Medica," with this work uniting, a part of the time, lec- 
 tures at the Long Island College Hospital, Brookh-n, 
 N. Y., and at the New York Homoeopathic Medical 
 College, at which latter institution he was graduated in 
 March, 1881. He then became house physician at the 
 Brooklyn Maternity Hospital, where he remained for 
 three years, during which time he had an ofiice for pri- 
 
I04 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 vate practise at 65 Green Avenue, Brooklyn. Ill health 
 forced him to pass a year and a half in the mountain 
 regions of Wyoming and Colorado, from the early sum- 
 mer of 1884 to the autumn of 1885. Returning then to 
 New York City with health thoroughly reestablished, 
 he became actively engaged in private practise, living 
 at 7 West 39th Street with his sister and his brother-in- 
 law, Dr. Henry C. Houghton. He received the special 
 certificate in laryngology from the College of the New 
 
 York Ophthalmic Hospital in 1S86, and the degree of 
 Oculiet Auris Chirurgis in 1887, with the appointment 
 of assistant surgeon to the clinic of Dr. H. C. Houghton. 
 He was later made professor of general anatomy and 
 histology of the eye, and was appointed a surgeon in 
 1893, conducting a clinic with marked ability up to 
 the time of his death. 
 
 Dr. Pratt was a member of the American Institute, of 
 the State and County Societies, and of the New York 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 105 
 
 Medical Club. He was also a Free Mason. For three 
 years he was treasurer of the Alumni Association of the 
 New York Homoeopathic Medical College, and at the 
 time of his death was chairman of the executive com- 
 mittee of the association. 
 
 In the summer of 1891 he visited the various eye hos- 
 pitals in England and on the continent. During the 
 years of private practise in New York City he stood as 
 one of the most prominent physicians, having a large 
 number of the leading New York families to whom he 
 gave his untiring care and attention. Included among 
 his patients were the families of ex-President Harrison, 
 Benjamin McKee, General Anderson, and many others. 
 Senator Elkins requested him to give up his practise, 
 for the time being, to take the case of his son who 
 was suffering with scarlet fever and diphtheria. This 
 he did, and sa\'ed the boy's life. Dr. Pratt received 
 unbounded, respect and love from all who knew him, 
 "as a man faithful to his ideals, and one who ac- 
 complished the tasks of life with scrupulous conscien- 
 tiousness." 
 
 Dr. Pratt married, Oct. 17, 1893, Susanne, daughter 
 of the late George Minor and Maria B. Wheeler, of 
 New York City. After their marriage he moved to 
 45 West 45th Street, where he lived until his death. 
 During March, 1896, he was called to take the case of 
 Mr. David Dows, Jr., at Palm Beach, Florida, who was 
 suffering from typhoid fever. He promised to take 
 charge of the case for one month, although at the time 
 he was feeling much debilitated in his own liealth. At 
 the end of three weeks he was obliged to return home, 
 and was but just able to make the trip, as he was suffer- 
 ing severely with the fever himself. The case was an 
 unusuall}^ severe one of three weeks, and terminated 
 fatally in sudden pulmonary oedema, despite every 
 effort to save his life. He died on April 20, 1896. 
 
io6 
 
 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 The funeral services were held at his home in 45th 
 Street, and his body rests in Woodlawn Cemetery. 
 '• To live in hearts of those we love is not to die." 
 
 His wife survives him, with one son, Edwin Judson, 
 born July 18, 1895. 
 
 Lewis Henry Reed. 
 
 The winter after graduation he taught in Livermore, 
 Maine, and afterwards in Westport, Maine. During 
 
 the summer of 1879 ^^^ ^^^ assistant engineer on a 
 steamer plying between Boston and Nahant, Mass. 
 Since 1880 he has lived in Mexico, Maine. For the 
 first dozen years after making his home in Mexico he 
 was occupied partly in land siuweying and partly in 
 general business and farming ; since 1892 he has been 
 engaged principally in lumbering and in manufacturing 
 long and short lumber. He invested quite largely in 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 107 
 
 real estate near Rumford Falls, Maine, having great 
 faith in the ultimate development of that locality through 
 manufacturing industries. Years ago he wrote: " We 
 have here the best water-power in New^ England, 
 capable of driving three times as many spindles as 
 Lewiston," and events since then have at least partially 
 justified his hopefulness. 
 
 Mr. Reed is a Republican, and has served as town 
 clerk as well as acting repeatedly as delegate to State 
 and county conventions. He is also a member of the 
 Masonic Fraternit}'. 
 
 Ever}^ year he tries to get in a fishing and hunting 
 trip to the Rangeley Lake region — " as far back into 
 the forest as I can get, where one cannot go without 
 taking the pack and canoe." 
 
 Mr. Reed married, Oct. 26, 1880, Miss Abbie Paul 
 Sanders, of Livermore, and they have four children : 
 Mary Luretta, born Nov. 3, 1881 ; Martha Sanders, 
 born April 8, 1884 ; Caroline Stockbridge, born 
 June 10, 1886; and Elma Lucile, born Sept. 11, 1887. 
 Miss Martha and Miss Caroline are preparing for 
 college, and both will probably enter Bates College in 
 the fall of 1902 and of 1903, respectively. 
 
 John Alfred Roberts. 
 
 During the autumn of 1877 Mr. Roberts taught the 
 high school at Brunswick, Maine, but ill-health forced 
 him to resign after a few months' service. In the fol- 
 lowing spring he began the study of law with M. T. 
 Ludden, Esq., of Lewiston, Maine, and was admitted 
 to the bar the next year. On May i, 1879, ^"'^ formed 
 a partnership with W. C. Greene ('77) for the pracdse 
 of law at Mechanic Falls, Maine. This partnership 
 was dissolved at the end of one year, and Mr. Roberts 
 removed to Norway, Maine. Here he opened an office 
 
io8 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 for the practise of his profession, but his health, which 
 was never rugged, compelled him to give up the con- 
 finement of office work, and he bought a farm in Nor- 
 way, on which he has since lived. For the past four 
 years he has devoted all his attention to the farm, making 
 a specialty of dairying. But prior to that he had served 
 his town in many responsible positions. In March, 
 1 88 1, he was elected a member of the School Board of 
 
 Norway, and, in 1882, town agent, which carried with 
 it the management of the town's law business ; and in 
 1887 he was placed on the Board of Selectmen. He 
 has also acted as supervisor of the town of Norway, 
 and as president of the Board of Management of the 
 public library. He has been prominently identified 
 with the Patrons of Husbandr}^, an organization of 
 farmers, and served seven years as Master of the Nor- 
 way Grange, of this order, two years as Master of 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 109 
 
 Oxford Pomona, and four years as Overseer of the 
 Maine State Grange. 
 
 Mr. Roberts has always been a Republican, and he 
 was elected a member of the Maine House of Repre- 
 sentatives in 1893-94 ; a member of the Maine Senate 
 in 1897-98 ; and was appointed a member of the Maine 
 Board of Agriculture, 1900-01. Last winter he " was 
 on the Tax Committee that formulated many changes 
 in our tax laws, presented the same to the Legislature, 
 and secured their passage, thereby increasing the 
 annual revenue of the State upwards of a quarter of a 
 million dollars." He is at the present time a member 
 of the Board of Trustees of the University of Maine. 
 
 Mr. Roberts married, Aug. 24, 1881, Miss Carrie 
 Laura Ann Pike, of Norway, a lineal descendant of 
 Myles Standish, the Puritan. They have one child, a 
 son, Thaddeus Blaine, born Nov. 20, 1885, who will 
 probably enter Bowdoin College in the fall of 1902. 
 
 Willett Herbert Sanborn. 
 
 After leaving college Mr. Sanborn passed three 
 years in European study and travel, visiting England, 
 Germany, France, Austria, and Italy. In Leipzig he 
 studied chemistry and music, and in Berlin music and 
 medicine. On his return to America he became direc- 
 tor of the musical department of St. Mary's School, 
 Raleigh, N. C, which position he occupied four years, 
 resigning that he might take a further course of musi- 
 cal study abroad. The next year was accordingly 
 passed in Germany, Mr. Sanborn marrying on June 13, 
 1881, Miss Mellitta Lee Blume, of Leipzig. Mr. and 
 Mrs. Sanborn continued together their musical studies, 
 being a part of the time in the Royal Conservatory of 
 Leipzig. They passed nearly a year in Berlin, where 
 they attended a series of ten concerts by Von Blilow, 
 
no Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 and also enjoyed the advantages of such schools as 
 Kullak's and Scharvvenka's. They were also six 
 months in Vienna, under the famous Lowenstamm. 
 
 After their return to this country in 1882, they were 
 for a time connected with the Marion Institute, at 
 Marion, Ala,, and then for four years Mr. Sanborn 
 served as president of Davenport College, at Lenoir, 
 Caldwell County, N. C. This was a high-grade home 
 school for girls in the beautiful mountain region of 
 
 western Carolina. The home life was an especial feature 
 of the school ; in art and music the courses were un- 
 equaled in the South, and in English and modern 
 languages the school maintained high rank. It pros- 
 pered greatly under the administration of Mr. and Mrs. 
 Sanborn. New buildings were erected, the grounds 
 beautified and extended, and the accommodations and 
 facilities increased in many directions. The work at 
 Davenport College was followed by somewhat similar 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. iii 
 
 work at Claremont College, Hickory, N. C, where 
 they remained three years; at Columbia Institute, in 
 Tennessee, for two years ; and finally at the Southern 
 Seminary in Buena Vista, Va., where they have taught 
 six years. Mr. and Mrs. Sanborn are now teachers of 
 piano, organ, singing, theory, and aesthetics of music 
 at Buena Vista. He writes, " I have been busy all 
 this time in teaching and working to bring up the stand- 
 ard of culture in the States of North Carolina and 
 Tennessee. For the past six years I have been in 
 Virginia, and I must say that this State, at least in the 
 sections in which I have been working, is far less 
 advanced than the other two." 
 
 They have four children : Josephine Carr, born 
 June 26, 1882; Gertrude Elaine, born Oct. 17, 1884; 
 Margaret Longfellow, born June 12, 1885 ; and James 
 Leventhorpe, born May 29, 1887. 
 
 Edwin Albert Scribner. 
 
 Born in Topsham, Maine, April 18, 1856. 
 Died in Boonton, N. J., May 22, 1898. 
 
 For some months after graduation Mr. Scribner re- 
 mained in Brunswick as a private student in chemistry 
 with Professor Carmichael, and followed the same sub- 
 ject in New York City during the winter of 1877-78. 
 In the spring of 1878 he took up agricultural chemistry 
 with Dr. G. A. Liebig, of Baltimore, Md. A year and 
 a half of business life in connection with D. & C. E. 
 Scribner, of Brunswick, was followed by his appoint- 
 ment, in January, 1880, as substitute professor of natu- 
 ral science and chemistry in Ripon College, Wisconsin, 
 and in June of that year he was elected to the full pro- 
 fessorship. In June, 1881, he resigned this position to 
 
112 Bowdoin College, Class of" '77. 
 
 accept an appointment as assistant in the laboratory of 
 Edward Weston, electrician to the United States Elec- 
 tric Light Company, of Newark, N. J. Here he was 
 employed as an original investigator of scientific prob- 
 lems covering electrical work and chemistry, at the 
 same time acting as consulting chemist for firms in the 
 phosphate business in New York City. This latter 
 work proved so interesting and promising that Mr. 
 
 Scribner gave more and more of his time to it, and, 
 finally, in 1885, he established himself as a manufac- 
 turer of fertilizers and chemicals, with a factory at 
 Staten Island Sound, Elizabethport, N. J. This busi- 
 ness he continued for live years, when he removed from 
 Elizabethport to Boonton, N. J., and there organized, 
 in 1891, a stock company, under the name of the 
 Loando Hard Rubber Company, for the manufacture 
 of hard rubber goods, rubberized asbestos electrical in- 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 113 
 
 sulation and ilberized rubber specialties. For seven 
 years thereafter, until his death on May 22, 1898, Mr. 
 Scribner was president of the Loando Company, an 
 active and respected citizen of Boonton, and closely 
 identified with all the best interests of the town. lie 
 was a member of the Order of Foresters, of the Royal 
 Arcanum, and of the Nathan Hale Lodge, of Hartford, 
 Conn. His final illness lasted about six weeks. 
 
 The papers of Boonton and the neighboring localiUes 
 at the time of his decease spoke warmly and apprecia- 
 tively of his work and character, one of them saying, 
 " Mr. Scribner was a man of sterling qualities and 
 broad sympathies. Perhaps his distinguishing char- 
 acteristic was his intense loyalty. Like all loyal men 
 he was possessed of strong and positive convictions, and 
 he had the courage to go with them. In politics he was 
 always a Republican, and was, at the time of his death, 
 chairman of the Republican Municipal Committee and 
 a member of the Republican County Committee." 
 
 Mr. Scribner married, Aug. 18, 1880, Miss Annie 
 Eugenia Thompson, of Topsham, Maine, who survives 
 him, and they had three children : Jessie Harwood, born 
 Dec. 31, 1881 : Charles Edwin, born July 6, 1884; and 
 George Kline, born Dec. 17, 1891. The older son, 
 Charles Edwin, was prepared for college at the Pater- 
 son Military School, Paterson, N. J., Lincoln A. Rogers 
 (Bowdoin, '75), principal, and is now in the class of 
 1905, Princeton University. 
 
 Charles Bailey Seabury. 
 
 During the two years following graduation Mr. Sea- 
 bur}^ engaged in business with his father at Gardiner, 
 Maine. In the autumn of 1879 ^^ became principal of 
 the Gardiner High School, where he remained six 
 years. His success as a teacher was marked. During 
 
1 14 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 a part of his term of service he had under his manage- 
 ment a grammar school in addition to the high school, 
 about two hundred pupils in all. 
 
 In the latter part of 1885 he accepted a position as 
 agent of Henry Holt & Co., publishers, New York, 
 with whom he remained nearly a year. In September, 
 1886, he became connected with the Magnesia Sectional 
 Covering Company, at 13 Cedar Street, New York 
 City. Subsequently, he was for several years with the 
 
 H. W. Johns Manufacturing Company, 87 Maiden 
 Lane, and later at 100 William Street, New York City, 
 as superintendent of the Contract Department. For 
 two years prior to 1900 he was assistant general man- 
 ager of the National Gramophone Company, at 874 
 Broadway, New York. He was then made manager 
 of the sales department of Maguire & Baucus, Ltd., 
 manufacturers of the Victor Talking Machine, at 44 
 Pine Street, New York. When this company was 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 115 
 
 merged in the Victor Distributing and Export Company 
 in the latter part of 1901, Mr. Seabury was made secre- 
 tary of the new company, a position which he holds at 
 the present time. The offices of the company continue 
 at 44 Pine Street, New York, but Mr. Seabury's resi- 
 dence " has, for the past fifteen 3^ears, been in Brooklyn, 
 where," he adds, " ' occurrences ' don't occur." He finds 
 as much pleasure as ever in " the rod and gun, and in 
 gathering or searching for anything that grows wild." 
 He is a Republican, but, like many others, open to 
 conviction. 
 
 He married, Aug. 11, 188 1, Miss Ruth Leslie Wil- 
 liams, of Gardiner, and has had two sons : Edwin Hill, 
 born May 6, 1882, who died Sept. 30, 1882 ; and Rich- 
 ard Williams, born Nov. 19, 1883. Richard thought 
 of entering Princeton University and took the prelimi- 
 nar}^ examinations. He gave up this intention, however, 
 but may enter Stevens Institute later. At present he is 
 in the drafting room of the Lidgerwood Manufacturing 
 Company, cable-way department, preparing practically 
 for the profession of mechanical engineer. 
 
 James Wnigate Sewall. 
 
 For two years following his graduation Mr. Sewall 
 was employed in civil engineering, mostly in Maine, 
 and in township surveys in the northern part of the 
 State. In the spring of 1880 he was assistant engineer 
 of the sewerage works at Memphis, Tenn., having 
 Tillson and Metcalf, both of '77, as associates and com- 
 panions in the work. Upon the death of the latter, and 
 by recommendation of Professor Vose, he was offered 
 and accepted the position of assistant in charge of the 
 sewerage of cities, bv the late Col. George E. Waring, 
 of Newport, R. I. In 1881 he planned, and in the 
 following year supervised, the construction of a sewer- 
 
ii6 
 
 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 age system at Norfolk, Va., and this was followed by 
 similar work in other southern towns. In August, 
 
 1882, he accepted the place of engineer in charge of the 
 Drainage Construction Compau}^ of New York City, 
 and for that company planned and carried out the sew- 
 erage works of Keene, N. H., this work lasting through 
 
 1883. In 1884 he accepted an appointment as in- 
 structor in sanitary engineering at the Massachusetts 
 Institute of Technology, Boston, where he remained 
 
 through the academic year 1884-85, when he was 
 obliged to resign by reason of ill-health. He returned 
 to Old Town, Maine, entering the employ of David 
 Pino-ree and E. S. Coe, owners and managers of timber 
 lands, and being placed by them in charge of topo- 
 graphical and township survey's. In this work he con- 
 tinued for fourteen years, the series of surveys 
 gradually covering the northern part of the State of 
 Maine. Upon the death of Mr. Coe, however, in 1899, 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 117 
 
 Mr. Sewall gave up engineenn<ij work and assumed 
 the general management of tlie business with head- 
 quarters in Bangor, Maine. This involves the over- 
 sight of some four million acres of timber lands and 
 occupies all his time. 
 
 " I no longer get into the woods," he writes, " more's 
 the pity, having, since Mr. Coe's death, taken his place 
 in the timber land business. This obliges me to pass 
 over to the other fellow all the fishing and shoodng, 
 tramping, and other pleasures of woods life. Good 
 days like these, when the autumn red is on the maples 
 and the morning air brittle with frostiness, I confess T 
 hanker after another bit of the old life with its freedom. 
 So I hunt up my old guide and plan a trip, and talk 
 over frizzled pork and venison and lir bough beds ! 
 But that's as far as I ever get on the trip." 
 
 " Being a Democrat," he says, " it goes without say- 
 ing that I have never held othce." 
 
 Mr. Sewall married, March 27, 1883, Miss Harriet 
 Sterling Moor, daughter of the late Dudley W. Moor, 
 of Toledo, Oido, and the}- have four children : James 
 Wingate, Jr., born Feb. 12, 1884, and who will enter 
 Bowdoin this year (1902) ; Katharine Moor, born Oct. 
 2, 1887; Virginia Hannah, born Oct. 7, 1888; and 
 Harriet S3^dney, born Sept. 19, 1896. 
 
 Addison Munroe Sherman. 
 
 After graduadon Mr. Sherman entered the General 
 Theological School, New York City, where he took the 
 full course, and was graduated in June, 1880. He was 
 ordained to the diaconate of the Episcopal Ciuirch at 
 St. Luke's Catiiedral, Portland, Maine, on June 27, 
 1880, and very shortly thereafter accepted an invitation 
 to become assistant minister of St. Bartholomew's 
 Church, Madison Avenue and 44th Street, New York, 
 
ii8 
 
 Bowdoin College, Class of '77, 
 
 where he remained a little over four years. In the 
 summer of 1881 he took a short European trip. 
 
 In the fall of 1884 he received and accepted a call to 
 the rectorship of All Saints' Church and parish in Sing 
 Sing, New York, over which he was installed Nov. i, 
 1884. There he was very pleasantly situated, a mile 
 and a half from Sing Sing village and thirty miles 
 from New York. " The place is occupied," he wrote 
 in our report of 1887, "by a class of well-to-do men. 
 
 some of them rich. But I am glad to say that I have 
 the other extreme, and at the services there are ' all 
 sorts and conditions of men ', — as any church should 
 have." 
 
 Mr, Sherman remained in the Sing Sing parish for 
 three years. He then accepted a call to the rectorship 
 of St. James' Church, in Batavia, N. Y., in which he 
 was installed Nov. i, 1887, and where he has continued 
 to the present time. 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 119 
 
 He received the honorary degree of A. M. from 
 Hobart College, Geneva, N. Y., in 1898. He is a 
 member of the Masonic Fraternity, Blue Lodge, 
 chapter and commandery. 
 
 He married, June 29, 1880, Miss Kate Louise Luther, 
 of New York, and has had six children : Elizabeth 
 Purdy, born May 15, 1882; Gertrude Burd, born 
 Jan. 15, 1884, who died Dec. 6, 1891 ; Grace Mar- 
 garet, born Jan. 26, 1885 ; Sarah Clarke, born July 11, 
 1888, who died Nov. 5, 1888; Florence Louise, born 
 Dec. 6, 1889; and Catherine Louise, born April 27, 
 1892. 
 
 Henry Herbert Smith. 
 
 After leaving college Mr. Smith entered the Jefferson 
 Medical College of Philadelphia, Pa., at which in- 
 stitution he was graduated in March, 1877, when he 
 immediately established himself in practise in his native 
 town, Machias, Maine. Here he remained for nineteen 
 3'ears, his success in his chosen profession being most 
 marked and gratifying. It was, of necessity, a general 
 practise, his location not permitting him to become a spe- 
 cialist, but surgery formed an important part of it, and 
 he had an unusual amount and variety of surgical work. 
 
 So far as professional duties allowed he also took an 
 active interest and part in local affairs. From 1878 to 
 1880 he was Supervisor of Schools, a position which he 
 resigned because it interfered with medical studies ; but 
 in 1886 he was again elected, and reelected in 1887, 
 and held the office for a series of years. In 1880 he 
 was made town physician of Machias, and in the same 
 year was elected to the Board of Trustees of Washing- 
 ton Academy, the oldest and most prominent educa- 
 tional institution in Washington County. During his 
 life in Machias he served several years as the examin- 
 
I20 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 ing surgeon for pensions for the United States govern- 
 ment, as secretary of the Board of Health, and as 
 medical examiner for various life insurance companies. 
 " But I found the demands on my time so great in 
 Machias," Dr. Smith wTites, " and the drain so great on 
 my endurance, that I decided to leave the hard and long 
 drives I had to take there and enter into competition in 
 a city. In September, 1896, I sold my property and 
 practise in Machias and moved to Whitneyville, Conn., 
 
 a suburb of New Haven. I practised there until June, 
 1901, when I came to New Haven, where I propose to 
 make my future home. New Haven attracted me by its 
 central location, its beauty, and for being a great educa- 
 tional center. 
 
 " I am most pleasantly situated in the very center of 
 the city, close to the historic Green, and in one of the 
 best and most desirable locations for my business. The 
 years of hard work and study that I put in in Maine 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 121 
 
 have given me a fair preparation for the competition, 
 and in the few years since leaving my old field I have 
 been fortunate enough to build up another — a larger 
 and a far more lucrative — business. I devote myself 
 to general practise, with special attention to the lungs, 
 heart, and stomach." 
 
 Dr. Smith is a member of the Graduate (social) 
 Club of New Haven, the New Haven City Medical 
 Association, the Maine and the Connecticut State 
 Medical Societies, the American Medical Associadon, 
 the American Academy of Medicine, the New Haven 
 Commandery Knights Templar, and the Congregadonal 
 Church. He was given the degree of A. B., out of 
 course, at the Bowdoin Commencement of 1887. He 
 adds: "I am a Republican, always ; have never held 
 any ofiice, but always get time to vote. I like to fish ; 
 I like to gun ; but when I go neither fish bite nor game 
 appear. I do not play golf, though for some time I 
 regularly paid my dues to a golf club and never went 
 into the club-house but once. In fact, all my life I 
 have been so busy that I have had very little time for 
 any kind of recreadon. My summer vacadon I spend 
 in travelincT." 
 
 Dr. Smith married, Dec. 24, 1877, Miss Elizabeth 
 Longfellow, of Machias, who died April 15, 1884, leav- 
 ing two children: Agnes Longfellow, born March 6, 
 1881 ; and Philip Seabury, born April 7, 1884. The 
 daughter was preparing for Vassar, in the Wheaton 
 Seminary, but her health failed and she is now at home 
 devodng herself to music, taking lessons on piano and 
 in singing and giving lessons on piano. Philip is pre- 
 paring for the Sheffield Sciendfic School of Yale Uni- 
 versity under Lincoln A. Rogers (Bowdoin, '75) in 
 the Paterson Military Institute, Paterson, N. J. Dr. 
 Smith married, the second time, on March 24, 1897,. 
 Miss Julia Brown Longfellow, at Whitneyville. 
 
122 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 Albert Somes. 
 
 Mr. Somes has taught continuously since gradua- 
 tion. During the winter of 1877-78 he was principal 
 of the high school in Waldoboro, Maine, and in the 
 spring of 1878 had charge of the high school at Wis- 
 casset, Maine. He then became principal of the Frank- 
 lin High School in Salmon Falls, N. H., where he 
 remained six years. In the summer of 1884 he accepted 
 an invitation from the trustees of Berwick Academy, at 
 South Berwick, Maine, to become principal of that 
 school, assuming the duties of the position in Septem- 
 ber of that year. He thought the prospect not at all 
 good when he took charge of the school. The number 
 of scholars was less than thirty, the school building 
 sadly in need of repairs, and the fund in a poor condi- 
 tion. Things greatly changed, however, during his 
 connection with the school. The number of scholars 
 more than doubled, the endowment was considerably 
 increased, and the building was placed in excellent re- 
 pair and provided with steam heat, new furniture, and 
 modern appliances. The Berwick Academy, founded 
 in 1 791, is the oldest school in the State, and has sent 
 forth many distinguished graduates, among whom are 
 John Lord, the historian, Hon. Francis B. Hayes, Hon. 
 Bion Bradbury, W. H. K. Ward, long the editor of the 
 Independent, Sarah Orne Jewett, and others. 
 
 Mr. Somes continued at the head of this school until 
 August, 1888, when he was appointed principal of the 
 high school in Manchester, N. H., and entered upon 
 his work there the next September. For twelve years 
 he remained in charge of this school, resigning in July, 
 1900, to become director of Cayuga Lake Academy, a 
 home school for boys, at Aurora, N. Y. Founded in 
 1798, this is the oldest school in central New York, and 
 from an early date has attracted students from distant 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 123 
 
 places. The buildings, situated upon a gentle slope, 
 about three hundred feet from the east shore of Cayuga 
 Lake, command a view of more than ten miles of hill 
 and water scenery. Cayuga Lake is forty miles in 
 length, and the school is situated just at its broadest 
 part, where it measures live miles in width. The estate 
 occupied by the school now contains about twelve acres 
 of land, all graded and laid out in playgrounds, lawns, 
 and drives. The main building is an edihce of brick 
 
 and hewn limestone, containing the school and recita- 
 tion rooms, the laboratories, dormitories, the private 
 apartments of the director, the gymnasium and audi- 
 torium, the librar}- and reading room, and the dining 
 room and kitchens. It is heated by steam and lighted 
 by electricity. The utmost care is exercised in the ad- 
 mission of boys to the academy. To enter upon the 
 academic course of study, which requires four 3'ears to 
 
124 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 complete, a boy should not be younger than thirteen 
 years old. The work required for admission to the 
 leading American colleges and universities is done in 
 the most thorough manner, and to complete the course 
 in four years a student must take subjects that will re- 
 quire at least nineteen hours a week of recitation work. 
 " The first lesson our students learn," says the academy 
 catalogue, " is to study, and in the first years of the course 
 they study in the school study room under the immediate 
 direction of the teachers ; in the last years of the course, 
 or when it is found to be profitable, they are required to 
 prepare their lessons in their own rooms." Connected 
 with the academy is also a preparatory department for 
 younger boys, and there has been established a depart- 
 ment of graduate instruction to meet the needs of those 
 who, although not intendmg to pursue a college course, 
 nevertheless desire to cover some of the work offered in 
 colleges and universities. The course in graduate work 
 occupies one year, and completes the work of the first 
 year in college. 
 
 Mr. Somes' work has been warmly commended by par- 
 ents and by school boards wherever he has taught, and he 
 has been recognized as having '•' a peculiar genius for 
 teaching and for making progress without fret or friction." 
 In the summer of 1900 he was informed by Prof. C. F. 
 Emerson, dean of Dartmouth College: "All the 
 prizes in the Latin and Greek languages during the 
 past year, as announced at commencement, were won 
 by pupils who fitted under your instruction." He has 
 letters of like commendatory character from E. Ben- 
 jamin Andrews, LL. D., formerly president of Brown 
 University, and from Prof. Le Baron R. Briggs, dean 
 of Harvard University. 
 
 Mr. Somes is a member of the Masonic Fraternity and 
 of the Congregational Church ; on national questions 
 has always voted the Republican ticket, and on local 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 125 
 
 issues always for the best men — who have usually 
 been Republicans. He married, April 18, 1878, Miss 
 Nellie Augusta Dodge, of Wiscasset, and has three 
 children : George Frederick, born June 28, 1880, and 
 who was graduated at Dartmouth College, class of 1901 : 
 Helen Dodge, born April i, 1882, now a special student 
 in music in Wells College, Aurora : and Mary Averill, 
 born Aug. 10, 1885, and who is preparing, probably, 
 for Vassar College. 
 
 Howard Vinton Stackpole. 
 
 Leaving college at the close of his freshman year, 
 he formed, in the autumn of 1875, ^ partnership with 
 
 J. S, Macomber, under the iirm name of J. S. Macom- 
 ber & Co., for carrying on a business in shoe manufac- 
 turers' supplies, heels, soles, etc., at 214 Union Street, 
 Lynn, Mass. In this business he continued nearly 
 
126 Bowdoin College, Class of "77. 
 
 seven years, until April 20, 18S2, when the partnership 
 was dissolved, and he returned to Maine. On Dec. 15, 
 1883, he opened a retail boot and shoe store, at 
 99 Maine Street, Brunswick, where he has ever since 
 been in business. His residence is at 4 Green Street. 
 He is a member of tlie Brun^wi42k Club, and reports 
 himself as " usually a Republican, but not wedded to 
 any partv." For recreation he turns to the driving of 
 a good borse or the hearing of good music. 
 
 Mr. Stackpole married. April 13, 1896, Miss Cora J. 
 Curtis, daughter of George Curtis, Esq., of Brunswick, 
 who died Feb. 21, 1900. He married, the second time, 
 April 23, 1901, Miss Leila E. MacFarland, of Poland, 
 Ohio. Thev have no children. 
 
 Lewis Alfred Stanwood. 
 
 Ix the autumn following graduation Mr. Stanwood 
 removed to the West, and in various parts of the West 
 and the Southwest his life has been passed ever since. 
 During the tirst vears he was principal of the high 
 school in Bav Citv, Mich. He then became principal 
 of the public schools in West Bend, Wis., where he re- 
 mained three vears. He then determined upon the 
 study of law, and in Jul}*, 1881, removing to Iowa City, 
 he entered the law department of the Iowa State Uni- 
 versity, at which institution he was graduated with the 
 degree of LL. B.. June 20, 18S2. After a trip through 
 the South he tinally settled in the fall of 1882 in Van 
 Buren, x\rk., forming a law partnership with James H. 
 Huckleberrv, ex-United States prosecuting attorney for 
 the district and ex-circuit judge, under the tirm name of 
 Huckleberrv & Stanwood. He was also corporation 
 counsel and attornev for the Yixn Buren & Arkansas 
 Southern Railroad Company. He remained there, 
 however, onlv about two vears. 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 127 
 
 Writing for the present report Mr. Stanwood says : 
 "In 1884 I went to Texas: thence from Denison, 
 Texas, to Colorado on foot, a nice little summer con- 
 stitutional across Indian Territory and Kansas, and 
 hnally took government land in the southwest corner of 
 Kansas. But after devoting four years to the trial I 
 gave up the attempt to make a farm, because of the 
 lack of rain there, and April 22, 1889, I went to Okla- 
 homa Territory and helped to boom Guthrie, its capital, 
 undl Sept. 22, 1891, when I again took up one hun- 
 dred and sixty acres of government land near Baker, 
 about fifty miles east of Guthrie, upon which as a 
 farmer I have ever since resided." 
 
 Politically Mr. Stanwood reports himself "a mug- 
 wump." He was elected clerk of the School Board of 
 District No. 40 of Lincoln County, Oklahoma Terri- 
 tory, in July, 1901, for a term of three years. He 
 married, May 20, 1900, Miss Rena E. Gates, of Win- 
 held, Kan. They have no children. 
 
 William Stephenson. 
 
 After leaving college in his sophomore year Mr. 
 Stephenson followed mercantile life for two years, when 
 he began the study of medicine with Dr. S. H. Weeks, 
 of Portland, Maine, attending lectures for two years at 
 the Pordand School for Medical Instruction and the 
 Medical School of Maine, at Brunswick. He passed the 
 examination at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, 
 New York City, receiving his degree from that institu- 
 tion in 1880, having, in the meantime, served a year as 
 house physician and surgeon at St. Peter's Hospital, 
 Brooklyn, N. Y. He then returned to Portland, and 
 began private practise, having an otiice at 622 Congress 
 Street, until Sept. i, 1883, when he received an 
 appointment as surgeon in the United States Army. 
 
128 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 For several years after his appointment to the army 
 Dr. Stephenson served wholly in the West, much of 
 the time in the extreme West. He was stationed suc- 
 cessively at Dubuque, Iowa; Fort Omaha, Neb.; 
 Fort Niobrara, Neb. ; Fort Riley, Kan. ; Fort Reno, 
 I. T., and Camp Pilot Butte, Rock Springs, Wyo., re- 
 maining at this latter post two years. He was then 
 ordered to Fort Verde, Ariz., a delightful frontier 
 cavalry post, fifty miles from the railroad. He passed 
 
 the summer of 1889 traveling abroad, and the spring of 
 1890 found him at his first Eastern post, Columbus 
 Barracks, Ohio, with temporary duty at Fort Wayne, 
 Mich., and Fort Thomas, Ky. In 1892 his orders sent 
 him to Fort Porter in Buffalo, N. Y., then to Boise Bar- 
 racks, Idaho, and to Vancouver Barracks, Wash. When 
 the Spanish War broke out he was at Fort Sheridan, 111., 
 and went with the Fourth Infantry to Tampa, Fla., ex- 
 pecting to be ordered to Cuba, but being made a major 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 129 
 
 of volunteers and brigade surgeon, he was sent to Chicka- 
 mauga Park, and later left for Porto Rico with General 
 Miles. He was on the staff of Gen. Fred. D. Grant, at 
 Guayama, for several months, and was present at the 
 evacuation of San Juan. His next detail was at 
 Santiago, as medical inspector of that department. 
 
 In the spring of 1899 Major Stephenson was sent 
 North to the Army Building in New York City for 
 fifteen months, but in July, 1900, he received orders to 
 join General Chaffee, in China, as his staff surgeon, 
 and for four months had charge of the United States 
 General Hospital at Tien Tsin. Since January, 1901, 
 he has been in the Philippines, being stationed at Cal- 
 amba, Manila, Santa Ana, and Batangas, as medical 
 inspector of the Third Separate Brigade, Department of 
 Northern Philippines. 
 
 Through the kindness of his sister. Miss Marion 
 Stephenson, of Portland, we are able to give a few 
 extracts from some of Major Stephenson's home letters 
 — extracts which suggest the variety and interest of his 
 experiences with our army in the East. Writing from 
 Calamba, in February, 1901, he says: "Much of my 
 recent trip was on horseback, but we walked over the 
 mountains and natives carried our handbap"s. Alon(j the 
 coast we traveled in Spanish steamers and launches, 
 always having to anchor at a distance and paddel 
 ashore through the surf in a banca, a dugout with 
 bamboo outriggers on each side. Some roads were 
 through jungles, and some through cocoanut groves, 
 and some through mahogany and ebony forests. We 
 were in the country of wild water buffalo, deer and 
 boar, crocodiles, vampire bats as big as crows, lizards 
 three feet long, and monkeys and parrots. We always 
 had escorts of fifteen to twenty soldiers, but saw no ill- 
 nature and were asked to weddings and dances." 
 
 A later letter from the same place says: "I am 
 
130 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 still living in the priests' house, adjacent to the church 
 and convent in which are the sick. The priests had 
 trouble with the presidente and moved away, so we 
 appropriated the buildings. After dinner the doctors 
 and nurses and callers sit in the moonlight and watch the 
 Southern Cross and other constellations from the big 
 porch off the back of the second story, which is forty 
 feet square, floored with bricks a foot square, and open 
 to the sky, with balustrades on three sides. The view 
 is charming, the bay a mile away, mountains and thick 
 brush and timber everywhere. At a little distance no 
 tropical effect is produced, bananas, bamboo, and low 
 palms assisting in a landscape not unlike home — but I 
 miss the wonderful Royal Palms of Cuba " 
 
 From Batangas, November, 1901 : "I have the 
 choicest quarters I have had outside of the United 
 States ; a charming house on the Plaza, furnished 
 sparely as most tropical houses are, near the band-stand, 
 a most charming tropical climate and scenery, and I 
 wish you all could enjoy it with me. Last evening we 
 had a phonograph concert, gotten up by some hospital 
 men, and to-morrow we are to have a dance, there being 
 ten American ladies within reach ! " 
 
 Under date of January 29 of the present year he 
 writes : "I have never led such a strenuous life before 
 as since General Bell took command of the provinces of 
 Batangas and Laguna and established a ' reconcentrado ' 
 system — • like that in Cuba and the Transvaal, but 
 much more humane here. I have been ordered to 
 supervise the vaccination of all natives in our depart- 
 ment, and have twenty-eight surgeons working, with 
 eighty-three native vaccinators, and so far they have 
 vaccinated one hundred and fifty thousand natives ! " 
 
 In the Manila Amei'tcan of March 13, 1902, is given 
 an account of the vaccination in Major Stephenson's 
 district, and 252,164 was the total ending with Feb- 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 131 
 
 ruary. The natives were much opposed to the opera- 
 tion. The American says that " the insurgents spread 
 reports that the Americans were injecting poison into 
 the Filipinos in order to kill them off. Another insur- 
 recto theory was that the mark on the arm was made 
 for the future identification of all natives that had ever 
 been subjected to the power of the United States." 
 
 George Ladd Thompson. 
 
 After leaving college Mr. Thompson was, until 
 Oct. I, 1878, an officer in the Asylum for the Insane, 
 
 at Augusta, Maine, and subsequently he attended lectures 
 for one term at the Boston University School of Medi- 
 cme. In 1879 he determined upon a business career 
 and established himself at Brunswick, Maine, where for 
 nearly twenty years he carried on a large retail dry 
 goods business, which he sold out in November, 1898. 
 
132 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 During these years Mr. Thompson identified himself 
 with the social and political as well as the business 
 interests of the town. He is a Republican and has twice 
 served as chairman of the Republican Town Committee. 
 He was lieutenant-colonel on the staff of Governor Bur- 
 leigh from 1888 to 1892, and was commissary-general, 
 with the rank of colonel, on the staff of Governor 
 Powers. He was acting in this capacity when Maine's 
 quota was enlisted for the war with Spain. He was 
 one of the founders of the Brunswick Club and was 
 elected its first president ; is a member of the Masonic 
 Lodge, and past commander of Dunlap Commandery 
 of Bath, Maine ; is past chancellor of Fort George 
 Chapter, Knights of Pythias ; and for six years past a 
 member of the Ancient and Honorable Artiller}'- Com- 
 pany, of Boston, Mass. He was given the degree of 
 A. B., out of course, at the Bowdoin Commencement 
 of 1887. 
 
 Mr. Thompson married, Dec. 28, 1881, Miss Amelia 
 Folsom Boardman, of Brunswick. They have no 
 children. 
 
 George William Tillson. 
 
 A PART of the year following graduation Mr. Tillson 
 was principal of the grammar school at Thomaston, 
 Maine ; during the school year 1878-79, was assistant 
 principal of the Nichols Academy, Dudley, Mass. ; and 
 in the fall of 1879 taught in Rumford, Maine. He 
 then began in earnest the practise of his profession of 
 civil engineer. In the spring of 1880 he was employed 
 in connection with the sewerage system of Memphis, 
 Tenn., having Metcalf and Sewall, both of '77, as as- 
 sociates and companions in the work. In August of 
 that year he undertook the preparation of plans and 
 maps for the sewerage of Kalamazoo, Mich., and dur- 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 133 
 
 ing the following summer he superintended the con- 
 struction of the system which he had planned. In 
 September, 1881, he accepted an offer to take charge 
 of the construction of the Waring system of sewers at 
 Omaha, Neb., and this was the beginning of a long resi- 
 dence in that city. In October, 1881, he was appointed 
 assistant city engineer of Omaha; in March, 1887, he 
 
 was made city engineer, and this position, by appoint- 
 ment and reappointment, he held until 1892. 
 
 " In the early part of that year," Mr. Tillson writes, 
 " I visited the island of Trinidad, British West Indies, 
 for the purpose of examining the asphalt deposits of the 
 celebrated Pitch Lake on the island. For the next 
 three years I was engaged in private engineering and 
 contract work in Nebraska, Colorado, and Wyoming. 
 In 1895 I was appointed assistant engineer in the De- 
 partment of City Works, Brooklyn, N. Y., having 
 
134 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 direct charge of the construction of all new pavements. 
 When Brooklyn became a Borough of Greater New 
 York I was continued in the same position in the De- 
 partment of Highways. Have made a special study of 
 asphalt with reference to its use in pavement construc- 
 tion, and have been summoned several times to testify 
 as an expert witness in asphalt law-suits in outside 
 cities. My present position is particularly pleasant, as 
 it involves about one-half of the time being spent in 
 office work and the other half in driving about the city 
 examining and directing the paving work as it is being 
 carried out." Since the letter was written from which 
 this extract is made Mr. Tillson has been advanced 
 (April 16, 1902) to the position of chief engineer, 
 Bureau of Highwavs, Borough of Brooklyn, N. Y. 
 He has everywhere taken an active part in the or- 
 ganizations connected with his profession. In Ne- 
 braska he was first secretary and later president of the 
 Nebraska Association of Engineers and Surve3^ors, and 
 also chairman of the Committee on National Public 
 Works for that association. In 1900 he was made 
 president of the Brooklyn Engineers' Club, and at the 
 present time is secretary of the American Society of 
 Municipal Improvements, an organization made up of 
 officials of the principal cities of this country and 
 Canada. He is also a member of the iVmerican So- 
 ciety of Civil Engineers. Before the Society of Munic- 
 ipal Improvements he has read many papers, as : In 
 1897, " Result of one year's work with a chemical lab- 
 oratory for testing asphalts"; in 1898, " The relative 
 value of paving materials " ; in 1899, " The life of pave- 
 ments " ; in 1900, "The construction of asphalt pave- 
 ments"; in 1901, "Pavement guaranties"; and has 
 contributed articles to the Mtmicifal Journal and En- 
 gineer of New York City on asphalt and on stone 
 pavements. In September, 1900, he published through 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 135 
 
 Messrs. John Wiley & Sons, New York, an octavo 
 volume of 532 pages, on "Street Pavements and Pav- 
 ing Materials." 
 
 Politically Mr. Tillson " has always been and is now 
 a Republican in State and national elections, but votes 
 independently upon all local and municipal issues." For 
 indoor recreation he turns to whist, being a member 
 of the Brooklyn Whist Club, while out in the open he 
 takes to the bicycle and is almost among the record 
 holders in long distance rides. He is also a member 
 of the Midwood Club, Flatbush. 
 
 Mr. Tillson married, Oct. 5, 1887, Miss Mary Eliza- 
 beth Abbott, of Lancaster, N. H., and has a daughter, 
 Madalene Abbott, born Sept. 20, 1888, who is prepar- 
 ing for Wellesle}^ College at the Packer Collegiate 
 Institute, Brooklyn. 
 
 Henry Dwight Wiggin. 
 
 In the autumn following graduation Mr. Wiggin 
 began the study of medicine in the Harvard Medical 
 School, but early in 1878 relinquished medicine, which 
 was not altogether attractive to him, and returned to 
 Maine to become a farmer. His farm in Winthrop was 
 one of the best in Kennebec County, and among the 
 finest in the State, containing three hundred acres about 
 equally divided between tillage, wood, and pasturage. 
 Naturally one of the most beautiful spots in Maine, much 
 had been done for it by cultivation. Here he remained 
 nearly eight years, but in the spring of 1886, governed 
 chiefly by a wish to give his children better school privi- 
 leges than Winthrop afforded, he abandoned farming 
 and removed to Boston, Mass. There he was for a 
 time connected with W. L. Sturtevant, lumber dealer 
 and manufacturer, at 322 Border Street, East Boston, 
 but he soon determined to enter business for himself. 
 
136 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 From the first his business career has been a successful 
 one — of late years conspicuously so. He has made a 
 specialty of hardwood lumbers, and to-day he stands 
 among the most respected and influential wholesale 
 lumbermen of New England. In February of the pres- 
 ent year he was elected president of the Massachusetts 
 wholesale Lumber Dealers' Association. In its report 
 of Mr. Wiggin's election to this office the Luinhernian^s 
 Review gives a sketch of his career saying that he 
 
 entered " the lumber business at Boston about fifteen 
 years ago. With no previous knowledge of lumber he 
 was obliged to cast about for himself and discover just 
 what class of lumber he could handle to best advantage. 
 Therefore, his first five years was a sort of formative 
 period. Then he squared away for real business, and 
 has since placed himself in the front rank as a success- 
 ful lumberman. He is a resourceful, commercial tacti- 
 cian, generous and broad-minded, and is eminently 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 137 
 
 fitted for the post of honor to which he has been 
 chosen." 
 
 Mr. Wiggin is also a member of the National Hard- 
 wood Lumber Dealers' Association ; of the National 
 Wholesale Lumber Dealers' Association, being the 
 New England member of the Board of Arbitration of 
 this association ; and is the delegate from the Massa- 
 chusetts Wholesale Lumber Dealers' Association to the 
 Boston Associated Board of Trade. His office is at 
 89 State Street, Boston, and he lives in the neighboring 
 town of Medford, where he is a member of the Medford 
 Club and of the Masonic Fraternity. 
 
 He married, June 5. 1878, Miss Mary L. Sturtevant, 
 of Winthrop, and has two children : Henry D wight, Jr., 
 born Sept. 5, 1879, ^^ whom was awarded the class cup 
 at our triennial reunion ; and Frances, born June 6, 
 1884. Henry D wight, Jr., was graduated at Harvard 
 University in the class of 1899, having completed the 
 four years' academic course in three years : and he will 
 be graduated at the Harvard Law School in June of the 
 present year. 
 
I have studied eight or nine wise 700 rds to speak to you. 
 
 Much Ado about Nothing: iii. 2. 
 
 A Symposium. 
 
 One paragraph of the class blank requested each 
 member to give " a statement of his views regarding 
 the questions of expansion, colonization, etc., resulting 
 from the American-Spanish War, and of the national 
 policy to be followed in dealing with remote posses- 
 sions." It was added, however, that "in answering 
 this inquiry members are not expected nor 'desired to 
 confine themselves, necessarily, to the problems above 
 suggested. They may give their views such form and 
 such extent as the}^ may wish." 
 
A Symposium. 
 
 W. G. Beale. — I am a rtrm believer in the so-called 
 "expansion" policy of the government, and approve 
 the course so far adopted in dealing with " the colo- 
 nies." 
 
 P. G. Brown. — While not in favor of colonization or 
 expansion under ordinary circumstances, I feel that, 
 having acquired the islands as a result of the Spanish 
 War, there is no other course to pursue. 
 
 x\s colonies of this country I believe that the}^ should 
 be entitled to all the privileges of our territories as to 
 free trade, etc. 
 
 J. E. Chapman. — I believe it is the duty of the 
 American people to accord to the Filipinos, at the 
 earliest practicable moment, the right of absolute 
 independence and self-government. We cannot be 
 democratic in America and despotic in Asia. The 
 Filipinos have a right to their own country, a right to 
 govern themselves, a right to determine their own 
 destiny, and the spirit that demands their subjugation 
 by force is out of harmony with the great traditions and 
 principles that have heretofore guided the life of this 
 Republic. 
 
 C. E. Cobb. — The American-Spanish War revealed 
 to all nations that the United States was a world-power, 
 and the current of this awakened consciousness has 
 already set very strongly toward expansion in every 
 form. The spirit of aggrandizement once fostered in a 
 nation brooks no barrier save force and scruples not at 
 
 141 
 
142 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 cost of men nor material. Therein lies our country's 
 danger in aggressive expansion and colonization. Con- 
 servatism is needed. Brilliancy feeds on its own mar- 
 row and becomes self-consuming. Sun and water 
 make vegetation — the sun alone leaves an arid desert 
 — and applying this simile to the two factors in our 
 material prosperity, capital and labor, every effort 
 should be made so to blend them that each may receive 
 its equitable share. The smothered cry, heard all over 
 our fair land to-day, of " Water ! Water ! " is intensely 
 significant. 
 
 Our remote possessions are ours, body and branch, 
 by right of conquest and purchase, and the question is : 
 "What are we going to do with them? "We really 
 don't want them all ; we hardly dare reduce our hold- 
 ings by cession, and we won't give them free reins to 
 go it alone — and there you are ! 
 
 E. M. Cousins. — While believing that this nation 
 has needlessly and foolishly been placed in the position 
 where it finds itself to-day, I see nothing now but to 
 try to overrule this folly to the good of those peoples 
 with whom we have been brought into new relation- 
 ships. I believe a portion of our leaders are making a 
 sincere effort in this direction, and that they should be 
 supported by the conservative element among us, lest 
 the "jingoes" plunge us into still more humiliating 
 situations than now exist. 
 
 F. H. Dillingham. — I think we were better off 
 without the new possessions, but now we have them we 
 must keep them and educate the people. 
 
 E. E. Dunbar. — Nations, like individuals, have re- 
 sponsibilities thrust upon them and meet questions they 
 cannot evade. A nation as rich, powerful, and en- 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 143 
 
 lightened as our own cannot expect to live within itself. 
 "To whom much is given of him much is required." 
 See to it that our expansion does not presage the begin- 
 ning of retrogression. Let us profit by the history of 
 older nations and avoid the pitfalls that ensnared them. 
 Give our dependent people the largest measure of free- 
 dom they are capable of appreciating, under a form of 
 government modeled as nearly as possible after " a 
 government of the people, for the people, and by the 
 people." 
 
 C. T. Evans. — I believe in the general policy of 
 the McKinley administration. I am sorry we have the 
 Philippines, but as they have come to us through the 
 fortunes of war, I have the utmost confidence in the 
 ability of the Yankee nation to deal with all questions 
 arising from the American-Spanish War. 
 
 J. K. Greene. — I am in general accord with the 
 course of the administration. Having established free 
 government for ourselves, the time has come when we 
 should exert our influence, and, if need be, our power, 
 to prevent the undue oppression of our neighbors. The 
 principle that no man should live unto himself alone 
 should apply to nations as well as to individuals. In 
 Cuba we have not only put an end to the immense loss 
 of life occasioned by Spanish oppression, but by our 
 methods have made Havana one of the healthiest cities 
 in the world, and Cuba has now a full measure of self- 
 government. 
 
 I believe we should steadily pursue the course in- 
 augurated in the Philippines, unmoved by the clamor of 
 the anti-imperialist, whether private citizen or senator. 
 The inhabitants should be educated under American 
 methods and guidance, the different islands should be 
 brought into close commercial and other relations, so 
 
144 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 that they shall have common interests, and should be 
 given self-government so far and so fast as they are 
 fitted for it- 
 It is to be expected that self-seeking politicians, and 
 persons who prefer notoriety to reputation, will continue 
 to shriek out "imperialism," and frantically dance to 
 the music of their senseless outcry, but the great body 
 of the American people are moved only by the sense of 
 duty and patriotism, and having accomplished more in 
 three years for the improvement of the condition of 
 these people than the Spanish wrought out in as many 
 centuries, we shall continue to shape matters for the 
 best interests of our outlying territories until they are as 
 independent and prosperous as ourselves. 
 
 W. C. Greene. — I have heartily endorsed the 
 course of President McKinley from the beginning of 
 the Spanish War, believing there was no other way for 
 such a nation as ours. From a selfish point of view it 
 might have been better to let colonies alone, but in con- 
 sideration of the world's needs, the United States should 
 now become a world's power and the leading nation of 
 the world. I think that our ships should carry our 
 exports to all parts of the earth, through the new canal 
 under United States control ; that our civilization should 
 reach all countries, teaching all nations universal free- 
 dom, Christianity, education, protection from disease, 
 etc. ; that no foreigner should share in our franchise 
 until he understands and appreciates our system of 
 popular government, either at home or in our colonies ; 
 that all colonies, when qualified, should have self- 
 government. 
 
 F. H. Hargraves. — I am somewhat of an expan- 
 sionist in national affairs. I would not, if it were 
 possible, recede or retire from any stand taken or 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 145 
 
 possessions acquired in the American-Spanish War, but 
 rather would meet the condidons and questions as they 
 may arise. I believe that their attempted, and in the 
 end successful, solving will broaden and educate us 
 nadonally and uldmately result in moral and material 
 good to all concerned. 
 
 C. E. Knight. — Under existing circumstances I 
 think the policy of the administration is a good one. 
 
 G. T. Little. —I think that the purchase of the 
 Philippine Islands was a great mistake. I do not be- 
 lieve that a true republic can govern colonies wisely 
 when their inhabitants are of the so-called inferior 
 races. Our experience with the Indians in the West 
 and the negroes in the South seems to me to show this 
 conclusively. Furthermore, the temptadon to use such 
 dependencies for our own advantage materially will 
 always be present and act as a moral snare to the 
 nadon. It is as disreputable as it is easy for a guardian 
 to get rich at his ward's expense. Having, however, 
 taken possession of the islands, it is our duty by force 
 of arms to establish some stable form of government 
 and then allow them to control themselves. It is folly 
 to try to Americanize their inhabitants. We may teach 
 them English, but their laws, insdtudons, and customs 
 must condnue substandally as they have been for the 
 last two centuries. 
 
 G, H. Marquis. — As to the West Indies, get them 
 all into the union of States as fast as expedient, and let 
 the constitution follow the flag. 
 
 As to the Philippines, let them go as soon as they 
 can govern themselves properly. 
 
 S. A. Melcher. —I regret exceedingly that these 
 quesdons have arisen. I believe that our territory was 
 
146 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 ample and that not a square inch should be added to it. 
 Porto Rico and Hawaii are now ours beyond question, 
 and to that we must submit, but I hope that Cuba is to 
 remain independent. Our occupation of the Philippines, 
 I trust, will end when we have prepared them for self- 
 government. 
 
 The war with Spain has shown how we are handi- 
 capped by political interference with the administration 
 of the army and navy. The play of politics prevents 
 preparation for war in time of peace, and when war 
 comes political and other influences, rather than merit, 
 too often determine leadership. With peace comes the 
 sounding of trumpets by little big men — and their 
 wives — and wretched courts of inquiry for political 
 effect. 
 
 I believe the remedy for these ills is not in mugwum- 
 pery and anti-imperialism, but in strong partizanship 
 with honest independence within the party. Every '77 
 man who attends his party caucus and votes there and 
 on election day for the best man available, and refuses 
 to vote for an improper candidate, is fighting his 
 country's battles just as loyally as the man who fought 
 at San Juan. 
 
 F. A. Mitchell. — Generally speaking, I am op- 
 posed to " expansion," especially to the acquisition of 
 distant lands, like the Philippines, believing that they 
 may eventually lead us into complications with Euro- 
 pean nations. The growing commercial supremacy of 
 this country has already excited much jealousy among 
 those nations, the outcome of which cannot be foreseen. 
 In case of war with a European power our distant pos- 
 sessions would probably be attacked first, and their re- 
 tention would prove expensive both in money and in 
 lives. 
 
 I am also inclined to think that the possession of any 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 147 
 
 lands whose climate is radically different from our own ; 
 whose people are of a different race, partly or wholly 
 barbarous, and hating, perhaps, their new masters; 
 whose natural productions, however valuable, are also 
 radically different from our own, requiring the local 
 residence of our people to study their characteristics 
 and personally superintend their growth,— is not to be 
 desired. 
 
 Americans succeed in their business because they 
 give it their personal attendon. Our new possessions 
 must be colonized with American people to hold them, 
 and make them valuable. In a land like the Philip- 
 pines they must not only fight a hostile native population 
 for many years, but also a climate which to most is 
 debilitating and even deadly. 
 
 The question is : "Is the game worth the candle ?" 
 We had to take the Philippines, but they may become a 
 " white elephant " on our hands. 
 
 C. W. Morrill. — I have no very pronounced 
 views upon these topics, but am inclined to think the 
 United States would be better off, on the whole, with- 
 out its foreign possessions. But since we have them, as 
 the unexpected result of the American-Spanish War, 
 we must make the best of them, and I feel that the 
 government is dealing with the vexed quesdons incident 
 thereto as judiciously as could be expected. 
 
 C. L. NiCKERSON. — I am in sympathy with the ad- 
 ministradon in its manner of dealing with a very diffi- 
 cult and unwelcome problem. 
 
 C. A. Perry. — For the past two years I have been 
 a member of the Socialist Party. As I look back I can 
 see that my growth towards socialism began many years 
 ago. The observation and study of the poor in our own 
 
148 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 and in other countries aroused in me a burning sense of 
 injustice against a system which permitted the strong to 
 oppress the weak, the rich to oppress the poor. I was 
 led to study our present economic system, and I found 
 that it not only permitted injustice, but even necessi- 
 tated it. 
 
 All wealth is produced by labor, and the wage and 
 profit system is based on the exploitation of labor. It is 
 impossible that one man should gain a profit unless an- 
 other loses a part of what he produces. Whether the 
 statute law allows such exploitation or not, morally it 
 is systematic robbery. I could not longer support a 
 system which compels a man to be dishonest in order to 
 succeed in business, a system which compels each man 
 to fight his neighbor for his daily bread. 
 
 Socialism means cooperation, the working of all and 
 each for the welfare of all and each. It stands for an 
 economic system of production and distribution, whereby 
 all workers will receive the full product of what they 
 produce instead of a small portion, as under the present 
 capitalistic system. 
 
 The inability of the capitalist system to regulate the 
 distribution of wealth — having produced, on the one 
 hand, a small number of excessively rich, and, on the 
 other, a huge majority of needy poor — is condemned 
 as tried and found wanting. Socialism declares that 
 the State is the only power capable of justly distributing 
 the wealth of the State, and proposes that it shall own 
 and operate for the interest of the whole people all 
 industries and utilities of a public nature. The great 
 principles which underlie socialism are brotherhood 
 and love. The principles which underlie capitalism 
 are competition and hate. The spirit of socialism 
 makes for peace ; the spirit of capitalism makes for 
 war. I declare m^^self an opponent of war — and, 
 therefore, I am a Socialist. 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 149 
 
 L. H, Reed. — We have acquired our island posses- 
 sions — that is setded. "What shall we do with them ? " 
 is the quesdon that we have to setde. It is too early to 
 determine definitely what the ultimate disposidon shall 
 be. We should endeavor to govern them for the good 
 of the inhabitants. When they are capable of self- 
 government they should have it ; but they are, in my 
 judgment, not qualified for it now, and will not be for 
 a long time. I do not favor any form of government 
 for them, looking eventually to statehood. 
 
 J. A. Roberts. — I favor in the main the policy 
 pursued by President McKinley. I favor giving the 
 people of those islands all educadonal advantages possi- 
 ble. I would connect them closely to us commercially 
 and industrially. Our control over them should be for 
 their benefit and not for our own selfish interests. 
 
 W. H. Sanborn. — The great possibilities of the 
 South, both in material and intellectual ways, will soon 
 be known to those who have hitherto learned little and 
 cared less for the facts in the matter. Most of those 
 who live in the other parts of our country have known 
 only that the South was in the throes of labor to bring 
 forth a plan for the life of our colored friend and 
 cidzen. The newspaper talk of the social status of the 
 negro is all talk so far as the people of the South are 
 concerned. There is no question about the matter 
 here, as his status is well known, well defined, and 
 equally well accepted by both black and white. The 
 negro has many fine characterisdcs. He is capable of 
 rapid improvement in intellect, and in character which 
 he absorbs by imitation of his white brother. He is 
 kind and faithful as a dog. He is much like a good 
 dog and needs almost as much attendon to keep him in 
 the right way. He will watch for you and look after 
 
150 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 your interests as he sees them, and do it faithfully, and 
 he will betray your trust, as would a dog, when his 
 animal nature gets the better of him. Some few will 
 take a good advanced education, but they are rare and 
 noteworthy exceptions. The good people play into the 
 hands of designing politicians, and wrong the negro by 
 educating him beyond the needs of his station, intel- 
 lectually, leaving his moral and higher needs unpro- 
 vided for. The white man is giving to the negro more 
 than he ought to have, because his moral nature is not 
 advanced enough to balance his intellectual status. He 
 is one sided and growing to the wrong side. Educate 
 the negro or the white man intellectually, and neglect 
 the moral and spiritual side of his nature, and you are 
 educating a rogue — the better educated, the worse 
 criminal. As to the final settlement of the negro ques- 
 tion I can see but one logical outcome — amalgamation. 
 This is, of course, distasteful to the white man. To the 
 manhood of the South, it is a horrible nightmare of 
 impossibility, and yet they are helping it on with mad 
 haste. 
 
 C. B. Seabury. — Obligations and responsibilities 
 have come to us unbidden, which may not be lightly 
 put aside. In the abstract, I am opposed to the acquisi- 
 tion of distant territory, but I am equally firm in the 
 conviction that we have as a nation certain duties to 
 perform from which we should not be swerved by any 
 bug-a-boo in the guise of imperialism or by the fear of 
 laying ourselves open to the charge of inconsistency in 
 our policy. A child has been left on our doorstep, and 
 the least we can do is to see that in some manner it is 
 protected until it is capable of taking care of itself. The 
 question of adoption is another matter. I am inclined 
 to believe that we shall find it the wisest policy to con- 
 trol and educate it till it becomes of age, and then give 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 151 
 
 it our blessing and its time. At present our duty is 
 clear. 
 
 H. H. Smith. — I am an expansionist. 1 am most 
 heartily in sympathy with the policy of holding on to 
 our new possessions until such time as they are able to 
 take care of themselves. I believe it to be the duty, as 
 well as the high privilege, of the American nadon to so 
 lead and help these peoples that in time they may be- 
 come free and independent. We cannot shirk this 
 great responsibility. We are entering upon a new era 
 and must honesUy and fearlessly take up the burden 
 that has come to us. It is destiny, and the whole 
 world expects us to do our duty, to do what no other 
 nation in the world can do — to show that we can do 
 right because it is right, to do all in our power to help 
 these peoples to help themselves, without any desire to 
 enrich ourselves or enlarge our territory. 
 
 A. Somes. — We have a grand opportunity to spread 
 our own civilization to less enlightened people, and the 
 reahzation of our opportunity must have a broadening 
 and steadying effect upon our own national character. 
 The enormous cost of maintaining our position as a 
 world-power will be a severe tax on us, both in money 
 and in men, and if not met with calm judgment and 
 careful management will tend to bring our people to the 
 position of the "common classes" in European coun- 
 tries. This whole matter seems to me not a matter of 
 expediency, but of destiny. Our education, wealth, and 
 character fit us to become one of the important powers 
 of the world, and we cannot shirk our evident duty. 
 The only quesdon is : " How can we best meet it? " 
 
 H. V. Stackpole. — We should make States of 
 Cuba — when Cuba wants to come in — and of Porto 
 
152 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 Rico now. But the Philippines present a tough prob- 
 lem. We shall be obliged to keep them for a time. Why 
 cannot we rule them the same as the Dutch and Eng- 
 lish do their eastern possessions ? 
 
 L. A. Stanwood. — I favor expansion and coloniza- 
 tion in so far as they may create and increase the con- 
 sumption of American products, but with the proviso that 
 the more wealthy portion of the country shall bear the 
 most of the expense of making these new markets, — 
 i. e., in a way, paying back to the man with the hoe his 
 long-standing account for services rendered to those who 
 hold the largest blocks of accumulated wealth. 
 
 Deal with these eastern races as our fathers dealt 
 with the Indians ; if they are no good and won't reform, 
 kill them off, in accordance with the divine scheme of 
 nature — the survival of the fittest. 
 
 G. L. Thompson. — I believe that the United States 
 should hold the Philippine Islands until they are in a 
 condition to govern themselves, and when that time 
 comes should allow them the same measure of freedom 
 which we exacted from Great Britain by force of arms. 
 
 G. W. TiLLSON. — I am fully in accord with the 
 government in its present colonial policy, and have 
 always agreed with its action in regard to the West 
 Indian Islands. But I think the country would have 
 been better off if Dewey had sailed away and left the 
 Spanish to settle their own troubles after he had carried 
 out his orders and destroyed their fleet in Manila Bay. 
 
 I think that Porto Rico should be treated as a terri- 
 tory and governed as such. As to the Philippines, I do 
 not believe that events have sufficiently developed to 
 permit any one, in the United States, at least, to form 
 at the present time an intelligent opinion as to their 
 ultimate treatment. 
 
/ hope 
 For quiet days, fair issue, and long life 
 With such love as 'tis no7C'. 
 
 — The Tempest; iv. i. 
 
 Marriages in the Class 
 
Marriages in the Class. 
 
 Oct. 9, 1874. — * Leander Hathaway Moulton and 
 
 Laura Eleanor Whitney. 
 Nov. 22, 1876. — Edward Everett Dunbar and Mary 
 
 Annie Day. 
 Dec. 24, 1877. — Henry Herbert Smith and * Eliza- 
 beth Longfellow. 
 April 18, 1878. — Albert Sornes and Nellie Augusta 
 
 Dodge. 
 June 5, 1878. — Henr}^ Dwight Wiggin and Mar}^ L. 
 
 Sturtevant. 
 Dec. 24, 1878. — Charles Edwin Cobb and Annie 
 
 Carroll Bradford. 
 June 10, 1880. — Charles Egbert Knight and Carrie B. 
 
 Dodge. 
 June 29, 1880. — Addison Munroe Sherman and Kate 
 
 Louise Luther. 
 Aug. 18, 1880. — * Charles Edwin Scribner and Annie 
 
 Eugenia Thompson. 
 Oct. 20, 1880. — - Charles Thomas Evans and Susie 
 
 Strickler Greene. 
 Oct. 26, 1880. — Lewis Henr}^ Reed and Abbie Paul 
 
 Sanders. 
 Jan. 19, 1881. — Frank Asa Mitchell and Anna L. 
 
 Flint. 
 June 10, 1881. — Edgar Millard Cousins and * Ella 
 
 Nickels Burnham. 
 June 13, 1881. — Willett Herbert Sanborn and Mel- 
 
 litta Lee Blume. 
 Aug. II, 188 1. — Charles Bailey Seabur}^ and Ruth 
 
 Leslie Williams. 
 155 
 
156 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 Aug. 23, 1881.^ — ■ Charles Lendol Nickerson and Ella 
 
 M. Graves. 
 Aug. 24, 1881. — John Alfred Roberts and Carrie 
 
 Laura Ann Pike. 
 Sept. 6, 1881. — Samuel Russell Bearce Pingree and 
 
 Sarah Putney Jones. 
 Oct. II, 1881. — George Arthur Holbrook and Lucia 
 
 Austin. 
 Dec. 28, i88t. — George Ladd Thompson and Amelia 
 
 Folsom Boardman. 
 March 8, 1882. — David Blin Fuller and Clara Augusta 
 
 Wilson. 
 June 14, 1882. — William Titcomb Cobb and Lucy 
 
 Callie Banks. 
 March 27, 1883.— James Wingate Sewall and Harriet 
 
 Sterling Moor. 
 June 6, 1883. — Frank Herbert Crocker and Lucy 
 
 Haskell Crane. 
 Sept. 26, 1883. — Edgar Millard Cousins and Ella 
 
 Maria Burnham. 
 Feb. 25, 1884. — Charles Harrington and M.Josephine 
 
 Jones. 
 April 3, 1884. — Samuel Appleton Melcher and Julia 
 
 Harwood. 
 April 14, 1884. — Charles Wyman Morse and * Hattie 
 
 Bishop Hussey. 
 Dec. 18, 1884. — George Thomas Little and Lillie 
 
 Thayer Wright Lane. 
 May 13, 1885. — Phineas Henry Ingalls and Mary 
 
 Helen Beach. 
 Nov. 17, 1886. — George Henry Marquis and Phebe 
 
 Harriet Kelsey. 
 June 30, 1887. — Carroll Willie Morrill and Jennie 
 
 Lizzie Crockett. 
 Oct. 5, 1887. — George William Tillson and Mary 
 
 Elizabeth Abbott. 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 157 
 
 June 6, 1888. — William Chute Greene and Sarah 
 
 Eliza Ripley. 
 Aug. II, 1888. — Robert Edwin Peary and Josephine 
 
 Diebitsche. 
 Aug. 22, 1888. — Orlando Marrett Lord and Caroline 
 
 Edna Jenkins. 
 Sept. 10, 1888. — William Andrew Golden and Jose- 
 phine L. Graves. 
 June 19, 1889. — William Perry and Lucy Daniels 
 
 Sutton. 
 Dec. 12, 1889. — Joseph Knight Greene and Frances 
 
 Lillian Newton. 
 Sept. 28, 1892. — Frank Hobart Hargraves and Nellie 
 
 Maria Lord. 
 Oct. 17, 1893. — * Edwin Judson Pratt and Susanne 
 
 Wheeler. 
 Nov. 15, 1893. — Frederick Henry Dillingham and 
 
 * Helen Alexander Ganson. 
 April. 13, 1896. — Howard Vinton Stackpole and Cora 
 
 J. Curtis. 
 March 24, 1897. — Henry Herbert Smith and Julia 
 
 Brown Longfellow. 
 Nov. 3, 1897. — Frederick Henry Dillingham and 
 
 Susy Ganson Ferguson. 
 May 20, 1900. — Lewis Alfred Stanwood and Rena 
 
 E. Gates. 
 April 23, 1901. — Howard Vinton Stackpole and Leila 
 
 E. MacFarland. 
 June 18, 1901. — Charles Wyman Morse and Clem- 
 
 ence Cowles Dodge. 
 
For then, and not till then, he felt himself, 
 And found the blessedness of being little. 
 And to add greater honors to his age. 
 
 — Henry VIII. : 
 
 Children of the Class 
 
Children of the Class. 
 
 Jan. 
 
 13. 
 
 . 1878, 
 
 Sept. 
 
 5' 
 
 1879. 
 
 Dec. 
 
 10, 
 
 1879. 
 
 June 
 
 28, 
 
 1880. 
 
 March 
 
 6, 
 
 1881. 
 
 May 
 
 4' 
 
 1881. 
 
 Aug. 
 
 10, 
 
 1881. 
 
 Oct. 
 
 15. 
 
 1881. 
 
 Nov. 
 
 3, 
 
 1881. 
 
 Dec. 
 
 31. 
 
 1881. 
 
 April 
 
 I, 
 
 1882. 
 
 Ma}' 
 
 6, 
 
 1882. 
 
 May 
 
 15' 
 
 1882. 
 
 June 
 
 26, 
 
 1882. 
 
 March 
 
 13' 
 
 1883. 
 
 April 
 
 9' 
 
 1883. 
 
 Oct. 
 
 I, 
 
 1883. 
 
 Nov. 
 
 19' 
 
 1883. 
 
 Dec. 
 
 II, 
 
 1883. 
 
 Jan. 
 
 15' 
 
 1884. 
 
 Feb. 
 
 12, 
 
 1884. 
 
 March 
 
 3' 
 
 1884. 
 
 April 
 
 7' 
 
 1884. 
 
 April 
 
 8, 
 
 1884. 
 
 June 
 
 6, 
 
 1884. 
 
 July 
 
 6, 
 
 1884. 
 
 July 
 
 18, 
 
 1884. 
 
 Oct. 
 
 17' 
 
 1884. 
 
 Jan. 
 
 10, 
 
 1885. 
 
 - Mabel Annie Dunbar. 
 
 - Henry Dwight Wiggin, Jr., C7((ss 
 
 Boy. 
 
 - Harold Everett Dunbar. 
 
 - George Frederick Somes. 
 
 - Agnes Longfellow Smith. 
 
 - Laura Bradford Cobb. 
 
 ■ James Munroe Knight. 
 Martha Houston Evans. 
 Mary Luretta Reed. 
 
 - Jessie Harwood Scribner. 
 Helen Dodge Somes. 
 
 * Edwin Hill Seabury. 
 Elizabeth Purdy Sherman. 
 Josephine Carr Sanborn. 
 Alice Lucinda Dunbar. 
 
 • Martha Banks Cobb. 
 
 * Gertrude Louise Mitchell. 
 Richard Williams Seabury. 
 John James Houston Evans. 
 
 * Gertrude Burd Sherman. 
 James Wingate Sew^all, Jr. 
 Mary Agnes Cobb. 
 Philip Seabury Smith. 
 Martha Sanders Reed. 
 Frances Wiggin. 
 Charles Edwin Scribner. 
 
 * John Chapman Cousins. 
 Gertrude Elaine Sanborn. 
 Luc}^ Harwood Melcher. 
 
 161 
 
l62 
 
 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 Jan. 
 
 26, 
 
 1885.- 
 
 March 
 
 5. 
 
 1885. 
 
 June 
 
 12, 
 
 1885. 
 
 July 
 
 18, 
 
 1885.- 
 
 Aug. 
 
 10, 
 
 1885- 
 
 Aug. 
 
 19' 
 
 1885. 
 
 Oct. 
 
 2, 
 
 1885. 
 
 Nov. 
 
 20, 
 
 1885. 
 
 Nov. 
 
 15' 
 
 1885. 
 
 Dec. 
 
 17' 
 
 1885. 
 
 June 
 
 9' 
 
 1886. 
 
 June 
 
 10, 
 
 1886. 
 
 Nov. 
 
 2, 
 
 1886. 
 
 Feb. 
 
 I, 
 
 1887. 
 
 Feb. 
 
 13. 
 
 1887. 
 
 April 
 
 19 
 
 1887. 
 
 May 
 
 29, 
 
 1887. 
 
 Aug. 
 
 24, 
 
 1887. 
 
 Sept. 
 
 II, 
 
 1887. 
 
 Oct. 
 
 2 
 
 1887. 
 
 Dec. 
 
 5, 
 
 1887. 
 
 Jan. 
 
 18 
 
 1888. 
 
 Feb. 
 
 22 
 
 1888. 
 
 March 
 
 2 
 
 1888. 
 
 March 
 
 17 
 
 1888. 
 
 May 
 
 24 
 
 1888. 
 
 July 
 
 II, 
 
 1888. 
 
 Sept. 
 
 20 
 
 1888. 
 
 Oct. 
 
 7 
 
 , 1888. 
 
 May 
 
 4 
 
 , 1889. 
 
 June 
 
 21 
 
 , 1889. 
 
 Dec. 
 
 6 
 
 , 1889. 
 
 Jan. 
 
 20 
 
 , 1890. 
 
 Feb. 
 
 17 
 
 , 1890 
 
 Nov. 
 
 21 
 
 , 1890 
 
 Dec. 
 
 19 
 
 , 1890 
 
 Grace Margaret Sherman. 
 Charles Pratt Harrington. 
 Margaret Longfellow Sanborn. 
 Elizabeth Nelson Pingree. 
 Mary Averill Somes. 
 
 * Annie Greene Evans. 
 Rachel Thayer Little. 
 Thaddeus Blaine Roberts. 
 Julia Lydia Crocker. 
 Benjamin Wyman Morse. 
 
 * Phineas Ingalls. 
 Caroline Stockbridge Reed. 
 
 ■ Harold Bearce Pingree. 
 Irene Cousins. 
 
 ■ Elizabeth Appleton Melcher. 
 
 - Ruth Bliss Little. 
 
 •James Leventhorpe Sanborn. 
 Sydney Marquis. 
 Elma Lucile Reed. 
 
 ■ Katharine Moor Sewall. 
 Lena Margretta Cobb. 
 
 - Erwin Albert Morse. 
 
 - Sarah Fitield Evans. 
 
 - Marguerita Carillo Harnngton. 
 
 ■ David Evans Crocker. 
 Edgar Fuller Cousins. 
 
 ■ * Sarah Clarke Sherman. 
 
 ■ Madalene Abbott Tillson. 
 
 - Virginia Hannah Sewall. 
 
 - Helen Spofford Pingree. 
 
 - Fanny Marquis. 
 
 - Florence Louise Sherman. 
 
 - Harry Ayer Golden. 
 
 - * Stephen Greene Evans. 
 
 - Mellen Howard Pingree. 
 
 - Harry F. Morse. 
 
Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 163 
 
 Jan. 5, 1891. — Violet Marquis. 
 
 April 28, 1891.— George Tappan Little. 
 
 May 16, 1891. — Winthrop Stephenson Greene. 
 
 July 16, 1891. — Anna West Cobb. 
 
 Nov. 3, 1891. — Eugene Sandray Harrington. 
 
 Dec. 17, 1 891. — George Kline Scribner. 
 
 Jan. 10, 1892. — Mary Longfellow Cousins. 
 
 April 27, 1892. — Catherine Louise Sherman. 
 
 Au"-. 16, 1892. — Julian Seward Marquis. 
 
 Sept. 12, 1893. — Marie Ahnighito Peary. 
 
 Jan. 4, 1894. — Maurice Cobb. 
 
 June 18, 1894. — Charles Thomas Evans, Jr. 
 
 July 15, 1894. — Abbie Louise Fuller. 
 
 July 26, 1894.— Herbert Burnham Cousins. 
 
 Au<'-. 8, 1894. — Hobart Lord Hargraves. 
 
 Aug. 26, 1894. — x\rthur Edward Pingree. 
 
 Dec. 22, 1894.— Marjorie Mitchell. 
 
 March 3, 1895.— Ruth Shirley Morrill. 
 
 April 5, 1895. — William Mason Bradley Lord. 
 
 July 18, 1895. — Edwin Judson Pratt. 
 
 Dec. 25, 1895. — Noel Charlton Little. 
 
 Feb. 28, 1896. — Anna Elsie Morse. 
 
 Sept. 19, 1896. — Harriet Sydrrey Sewall. 
 
 Sept. 30, 1896. — Carlyle Marquis. 
 
 Dec. 2, 1896. — Hide Wilson Fuller. 
 
 March 10, 1897. — Gordon Swett Hargraves. 
 
 Oct. I, 1898. — Sanford Burnham Cousins. 
 
 Jan. 7, 1899. — * Francine Peary. 
 
 Sept. 7, 1899. — Thelma Marquis. 
 
/ have good cheer at home ; and I pray you all go with me. 
 
 — Merry Wives of Windsor : iii. 2. 
 
 Addresses of the Class 
 
Addresses of the Class. 
 
 W. G. Beale . 
 
 E. H. Blake . 
 O. Brinkerhoff . 
 P. G. Brown 
 
 J. E. Chapman . 
 
 C. E. Cobb . . 
 W. T. Cobb . 
 
 E. M. Cousins . 
 
 F. H. Crocker . 
 F. H. Dillingham 
 
 E. E. Dunbar . 
 
 C. T. Evans 
 
 D. B. Fuller . 
 D. D. Gilman 
 W. A. Golden . 
 
 J. K. Greene 
 
 W. C. Greene . 
 S. A. Giirdjian 
 
 F. H. Hargraves 
 C. Harrington . 
 
 G. A. Holbrook 
 P. H. Ingalls . 
 
 718 The Temple, La Salle and 
 
 Monroe Streets, Chicago, 111. 
 Bangor, Maine. 
 Not known. 
 218 Middle Street, Portland, 
 
 Maine. 
 31 Mount Vernon Street, Boston, 
 
 Mass. 
 Gardiner, Maine. 
 Rockland, Maine. 
 Thomaston, Maine. 
 Gardiner, Maine. 
 76 West 85th Street, New York, 
 
 N. Y. 
 24 Egleston Street, Jamaica Plain, 
 
 Mass. 
 428 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, 
 
 Pa. 
 Eureka, Kan. 
 Brunswick, Maine. 
 102 Lancaster Street, Portland, 
 
 Maine. 
 715 State Mutual Building, 340 
 
 Main Street, Worcester, Mass. 
 Sag Harbor, N. Y. 
 24 Hermes Street, Athens, Greece. 
 West Buxton, Maine. 
 57 Orchard Street, Jamaica Plain, 
 
 Mass. 
 Rector St. Barnabas, Troy, N. Y. 
 1 12 High Street, Hartford, Conn. 
 167 
 
i68 
 
 Bowdoin College, Class of '77. 
 
 C. E. Knight . 
 G. T. Little . . 
 
 O. M. Lord . . 
 
 G. H. Marquis 
 S. A. Melcher . 
 
 F. A. Mitchell . 
 
 C. W. Morrill . 
 
 C. W. Morse . 
 
 C. L. Nickerson 
 
 R. E. Peary . 
 
 C. A. Perry 
 W. Perry . . 
 S. R. B. Pingree 
 L. H. Reed . . 
 J. A. Roberts . 
 W. H. Sanborn • 
 C. B. Seabury . 
 
 J. W. Sewall . 
 A. M. Sherman 
 H. H. Smith . 
 A. Somes 
 H. V. Stackpole 
 
 L. A. Stanwood 
 W. Stephenson 
 
 G. L. Thompson 
 G. W. Tillson . 
 
 H. D. Wiggin . 
 
 Wiscasset, Maine. 
 Bowdoin College Library, Bruns- 
 wick, Maine. 
 389 Danforth Street, Portland, 
 
 Maine. 
 Clear Lake, So. Dak. 
 Whitinsville, Mass. 
 Agent Manistee & Northeastern 
 
 R. R., Manistee, Mich. 
 818 Congress Street, Portland, 
 
 Maine. 
 724 Fifth Avenue, New York, 
 
 N. Y. 
 Rural Route No. 2, Vernon 
 
 Center, Minn. 
 2014 Twelfth Street, N. W., 
 
 Washington, D. C. 
 175 State Street, Portland, Maine. 
 256^^ Essex Street, Salem, Mass. 
 Lewiston, Maine. 
 Mexico, Maine. 
 Norway, Maine. 
 Buena Vista, Va. 
 183 Adelphi Street, Brooklyn, 
 
 N. Y. 
 Old Town, Maine. 
 St. James Rectory, Batavia, N. Y. 
 43 Elm Street, New Haven, Conn. 
 Aurora, N. Y. 
 99 Maine Street, Brunswick, 
 
 Maine. 
 Baker, Oklahoma Territory. 
 119 State Street, Portland, Maine. 
 Brunswick, Maine. 
 Municipal Building, Brooklyn, 
 
 N. Y. 
 89 State Street, Boston, Mass. 
 
These are the ivliole contents. 
 
 — Henky VIII. : iv. 2. 
 
om 10 «»»^^