LIBPtARY OF CONGRESS.! \ I li70 : ! UNITED STATES OP AMERICA. « A LEXICON TO XENOPHON'S ANABASIS, llbapteti to all i\)t common (!^tiitionj5(. FOR THE USE BOTH OF BEGINNERS AND OF MORE ADVANCED STUDENTS. ALPHEUS CEOSBY, PEOFESSOR EMERITUS OF THE GREEK LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE IN DARTMOUTH COLLEGE. TOGETHER WITH INTRODUCTION TO ANABASIS, NOTES ON THE SEVEN BOOKS, GEOGRAPHICAL NOTES, RECORDS OF MARCHES, ETC., ETC. THE NOTES, ETC.. EDITED FEOM PROFESSOR CROSBY'S MSS. By J. A. SPENCER, S. T. D., PEOPESSOE OF GREEK IN THE COLLEGE OF THE CITY OP NEW TOEK. NEW YORK AND CHICAGO : '■ POTTER, AINSWORTH, AND COMPANY. 1875. THE ANABASIS OF XENOPHOJf, With copious Notes, Introduction, Map of tlie Expedition, and Eetreat of the Ten Thousand, and a full and complete Lexicon. For the use of Schools and Colleges. By Alphetjs Ceosby, late Professor Emeritus of the Greek Language and Literature in Dartmouth College. Edited from Professor Crosby's MSS., by J. A. Spencer, S. T. D., Professor of the Greek Language" and Literature in the College of the City of New York. For the convenience of students and teachers, Crosby's Anabasis is fur- nished to them as follows : — 1. The Anabasis complete, Seven Sooks (as above). 1 vol. 12mo. Price, $2.25. 3. The Anabasis, First Four Books, with Notes, Lexicon, etc. 1 vol. Price, 1 2,00. 3. The Greek Text of the Seven Books, with Summary of Contents, Map, etc. 1 vol. Price, 1 1.25. 4. The Lexicon to the Seven Books, the Notes, Introduction, Map, etc. 1vol. Price, $1.25. COPTEIGHT, 1875. By MARTHA K. CROSBY. University Press : Welch, Bigelow, & Co., Cambridge. PREFACE Shall the student commeiice tlie reading of Greek with a general or a special lexicon 1 If the former is chosen, he must expect, 1. Greater labor in finding words. The time required for finding a word in a lexicon is nearly in the direct ratio of the size of the hook, and the number of words in its list. The larger the book, the more pages must be turned over, or the more matter scrutinized on a page, — commonly both ; and the longer its list, the more words must be looked at, before the right one catches the eye. This would seem quite too obvious for remark, were not its disregard so common, and so costly of time to the learner. 2. More labor in finding the required signification. How much time is often painfully spent in looking through a long article, — where various meanings, illustrative examples, translations of these examples, references, and remarks are commingled, — before the eye lights upon an appropriate signification ; and even after this, not unfrequently, how much in addition, before the diff'erent admissible meanings can be brought together and compared for the selection of the best ! 3. A dijficulty in finding some words at all. This difiiculty occurs in the Greek far more than in most languages, from the many euphonic and emphatic changes in its inflection, from crasis, and especially from the various forms of the augment and reduplication, which often render it uncertain even under what letter the search should be commenced. The considerations first presented have also a special application to the Greek, from the copiousness of its vocabulary, and from the variety of form and use which its words obtained through so many centuries, dialects, and kinds of literature. If relief from these disadvantages is sought in the use of an abridged general lexicon, then a more serious evil is often substituted, — the absence of what is needed, in the place of labor in finding it. The great use which is wisely made of Xenophon's Anabasis in elementary study seems to entitle it to all the advantages which a special lexicon can confer. In more advanced reading, when com- paratively few words present themselves as strangers, and a more comprehensive view of the language is sought, there can, of course, be no adequate substitute for a good general lexicon. IV PREFACE. It must also be confessed that special lexicons, in their appropriate sphere, have not been free from objections. One of their most common faults has been a defect in the vocabulary. It is exceedingly difficult, in the first attempt, to make a complete list of the words used in a particular book ; and the words of most frequent occurrence are pre- cisely those which are most apt to pass the collector's eye without attracting notice. Yet it is none the less on this account a severe trial to the student's patience to be " sent to April," — to waste his time in~ searching for that which is not to be found, simply because it does not exist. Another frequent defect has been the meagreness of information respecting the words presented, both as to form and meaning, and especially as to that connection and explanation of meanings which are so important to the learner. Some special lexicons have been rendered less useful to the student in quite a different w^ay. Their authors, in seeking to make them commentaries upon the text, have so referred the different meanings to the passages in which they occur, as to leave little exercise for his own judgment in the choice, thus depriving him of one of the great benefits of linguistic study. An earnest effort has been made in the present work to avoid, so far as might be, these defects. The list of words in the Anabasis was already nearly complete through the labors of others. To guard against the omission of required forms and meanings, the text has been read again and again with pen in hand ; and much pains has like- wise been taken in tracing back derived to primitive senses, while the syntactic constructions found in the text have also been quite fully stated. The significations of words have been presented with much copiousness, and different modes of translation have been offered to the student's choice ; but that choice has been left, for the most part, uninfluenced, so that he should have the fullest benefit of the inde- pendent exercise of his own judgment. At the same time, every word has been referred to one or more places where it occurs, preference being given to the earliest place, as that with which the word should usually be most closely associated in the student's mind. An asterisk (*) has been attached to many words which occur in tables of irregular verbs, or in respect to whose form or use the student may profitably consult other parts of his grammar. This consultation he will readily make through familiarity with its pages, or the use of a full Greek Index. This general mode of reference has been adopted as saving room, and as applying alike to different grammars. Even in cases where reference has been made to a particular grammar, others PBEFACE. V cau be consulted through their indexes. The author has also aimed at impartiality towards different editions of the Anabasis, by presenting their various readings. Proper names are here treated with more fulness than has been usual in works of this kind ; chiefly by giving such information as the student might desire in addition to that which the text itself furnishes. The modern identifications of ancient places are in part quite certain ; but there are some in respect to which the most painstaking and reliable travellers and geographers so differ, that it must simply be understood that that is here given which seemed most probable after the comparison of different authorities. A similar remark should be made respecting dates ; in which there is this especial element of difference, that the Greek Olympic year was divided about equally between two years of our chronology. It has been a pleasure to the writer, that in preparing this work he brings himself into direct competition or comparison with no one. No Greek and English lexicon to the Anabasis, beyond the first three books, has ever been published. To those who have Avritten such lexicons in Greek and German, — Marbach, Theiss, Kriiger, Matthia, VoUbrecht, Strack (as successor to Theiss), and Holtzmann (for the Anabasis with the Cyropaedia), — he gratefully acknowledges his obli- gations ; as also to that thesaurus of Xenophontic learning, the Lexicon Xenophonteum, and to the lexicons in Greek and English which haA^e been prepared for the first two or three books, by Professor Boise, whom we rejoice to claim as an American scholar, and more briefly by Isbister and Fergusson. In making these acknowledgments to other works, however, it ought perhaps to be said, that the present lexicon is not a translation or compilation from these, but has been for the most part prepared directly from the Anabasis itself, the pages of which have been turned often enough, whatever may have been the success, to satisfy even the familiar precept of Horace, " Vos exemplaria Grseca Nocturna versate manu, versate diuma." Would that the graceful words of another were no more needed here than where they were first written ! " I am not so sanguine as to hope that I have escaped errors. He would be a bold man, who, even after years of study, should suppose that he had eliminated all the chances of error in treating of a language which is so delicate, so exquisite, and so perfect a medium for the expression of thought, as the Greek language is felt to be by all who have studied it. Some critics may doubtless VI PREFACE. regard as erroneous, views which I may have deliberately adopJ:ed, and which I believe I could adequately defend ; but independently of these I may doubtless have fallen into positive mistakes, ' quas aut incuria fudit, Aut humana j)aruin cavit natura. ' For the correction of any such errors I shall be grateful." Postscript. This work, announced a year and a half since, was all in type, with its preface, before the writer learned that another Greek and English Lexicon to' the Anabasis was in preparation. He welcomes the attestation which is thus given to the need of such a work. — May, 1873. EXPLANATIONS AND DIRECTIONS. 1. Words are to be here sought, as in other lexicons, under their themes ; yet other forms have been placed in the alphabetic list, when direction to the theme seemed desirable. If an augmented or rediqMcated form begins with t) (not beginning the theme), look first, unless otherwise directed, un- der a ; with t), under ai ; with «, under o ; with tp, under oi ; with 6 before a consonant, under that consonant ; with a consonant before €, under the consonant following. Long a, t, and m are commonly marked where they might have been supposed short, except in familiar endings. 2. Methods of inflection are denoted in the usual way : viz., in nouns, by showing the forms of the Nom. and Gen.; in adjectives, by showing the forms of the Nom., and in special cases of the Gen., the Compar. and Superl. being also noticed (often simply by c, s.), if they occur in the Anab- asis ; in VERBS, by showing the forms of the Pres., Firt., and commonly Perf., and sometimes also of other tenses, especially the 2 Aor., if they occur and require notice. The "Attic Future" is commonly noted, if in use. The familiar method of indicating forms by their endings has been usually followed, where it seemed to be quite sufficient ; and some forms are marked as late or rare. Where a verb is compounded with a preposition, the forms added to the theme are commonly those of the simple verb ; and in prefixing the preposition to these, there must be a careful regard to euphonic changes. 3. The PART OF SPEECH to which a word belongs will appear from its inflection or use. LTninflected words, not marked as indeclinable, will be considered adverbs, unless otherwise stated or shown. The gender of nouns as marked in the usual way, except in Dec. 1, neuters of Dec. 2, and the jiames of persons, where the general rules render it needless. 4. The COMPOSITION of words is extensively indicated by hyphens sep- arating their parts ; and their derivation, by obelisks pointing up (|) or down (t ) to the source, — several successive derivatives being sometimes so referred, and a double obelisk ( J ) showing that the word lies between a more immediate and a more remote source. Simples and ju'iniitives have been given in the iisual manner, within parentheses, whenever there seemed to be need ; and regularly ti'anslated, unless they also occur in the alphabetic list. A few words have been added to this list in brackets, simply for the sake of their derivatives or compounds. . EXPLANATIONS AND DIRECTIONS. VU 5. Such MEANINGS as would be chosen in translation are usually printed in Italics, and explanatory meanings or remarks in Roman letters, — the stricter meanings leading. "When a form of translation is equivocal, the sense in which it is here used will be inferred from adjoining forms. The student will, it is hoped, select carefully from the forms given, and often seek for himself others, perhaps more idiomatic. Latin cognates or equiva- lents have been often added in Roman letters for comparison ; and a few have been dra-\ATi from other languages specially stated. Attention has been often called to English derivatives or cognates by printing them in small capitals ; even though some of them, it will be observed, come to us more immeaiately from the Latin. Proper names in -wv, g. -wvos, admit a double form in Latin: as, ISlei^uiu, Menon or Meno. 6. Much effort has been used so to state and arrange the meanings that the student shall be aided in the work, which is earnestly commended to him, of constantly tracing derived from original senses ; of observing the force of each element of a compound, even when not distinctly translated ; and of discerning the distinction of words which may be translated alike. The prepositions, for example, give full range for each part of this Avork ; and, while they seem to be often translated without discrimination or not to need translation, their original distinctions should not be lost sight of, — that ev, €15, €^, and 8id refer primarily to the interior, and are hence so greatly used with names of places ; dird and ortiv to mere outward connection ; irapd to the side, and irpos to the front, whence they are so much used Avith the names of persons ; &c. Other familiar illustrations are found in the distinctions between demonstrative pronouns in -tos and those in -8e ; between the sub- stantive verbs €i(xt and ■yi'yvoiAai (&e and become) ; between the negatives ov and HTJ • the conjunctions Kai, 8e', and dWd • &c. 7. The CONSTRUCTION of Avords, so far as presented in the Anabasis, is usually shoAvn, after their translation, by small capitals or by particles ; — G. shoAving that the word is grammatically followed by the Gen. ; D., by the Dat. ; A., by the Ace. (ae, marking the Ace. of Effect); i., by the Inf. (sometimes, in strict analysis, rather the subject), while i. (a.) shoAvs that this Inf. may have a subject Ace; p., by a Participle; cp., by a Comple- mentary (in a fcAV cases. Final) Clause ; diro, els, a>s, &c. , by these particles. The sign a. sometimes occurs where the Ace. is only indicated by the use of the passive voice. Signs not separated by a comma indicate constructions that are found together. In the citations, some words Avhich may be ex- pressed or omitted, or may take the place of others, are inclosed in paren- theses : see djxa, vv^, 6, oij/e. 8. References are made to the Anabasis by giAdng the book in Roman, and the chapter and section in Arabic numerals ; a period, according to the English system, separating the chapter from the section, and a comma sep- arating tAvo sections of the same chapter. The interrogation-point here indicates a various reading, of more or less claim to regard. Special refer- ences to the Avriter's ReAdsed and Compendious Grammars are made by figures in the older style (as 238). The letter s is often added to a reference to signify and the following ; and rarely, a small "• aboA^e the line, to show that the reference is to the Revised Grammar only. 9. Parallels ( ii ) are used to mark a place in modern geography, Avhich is believed to correspond closely or nearly Avith the ancient place spoken of in the paragraph (cf. page v.). It is Avell knoAvn how various is the orthography of modern names Avithin the region of the Anabasis. In the pronunciation of these names as here printed, a is usually pronounced as in fatlier, fast, or Tnan, e as infete or men, i as in marine ov pin, as in hope or hop, u like 00 in cool or hook, ch as in chin, and j as in jet. In the Turkish, these names have so little distinctive accent, that, like French names, they are apt to EXPLANATIONS. ABBREVIATIONS. impress the English ear as if accented upon the last syllable ; and hence they are often so marked, Burun here signifies promontory, Chai or Irmak river, Dagh mountain, Dereh valley, Hissar castle, Keui or Koi village, Ovah 23lain, Shehr city, town, Su icater, stream, Ak tvhite, Eski old, Kara hladc, &c. Among the Greeks, there is now a strong tendency to preserve or revive the ancient names of places. 10. A full LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS follows, though they are generally such as to require no explanation : — A., acc, accusative: 2 a., two accusatives. A., a., act., active. a., aor., aorist, A. D., Anno Domini, abs., absolute. acc. to, according to. adj., adjective, -ly. adv., adverb, -ial, -ially. AE., accusative of effect, ^sch. Prom., Prometheus of JEschylus. Anab., Anabasis, apostr., apost., apostrophe, art., article. Att., Attic, attr., attraction, aug., augment. B. c, before Christ, bef , before. c, compar., comparative, cf., confer, compare, con- ch., chiefly. [suit. cog., cogn., cognate, comm., commonly. complem.,complementary. compos., composition, conj., conjvmction. constr., construction : const. pra}g., constructio praegnans. contr., cont., contracted, cop., copulative. CP. , complementary clause. Cyr., Cyropsedia. D., d., dat., dative. Dan., Daniel, dec, declension, demonst., demonstrative, dep., deponent, der., derivative, dim., diminutive. Diod., Diodorus Siculus. Dor., Doric, e, g., exempli gratia, for example. end., enclit., enclitic. Eng., English. Ep., Epic, esp., especially. euphon., euphonic. exc, except. Ezek., Ezekiel. f,, fut., future : f, pf., fut- ure perfect, feni., feminine. Fr., French. — fr., from. ft., feet. G., g., gen., genitive : 2 G., two genitives. Gen., Genesis. Germ., German. Hdt., Herodotus. Heb., Hebrew. [ophon. Hel., Hellenica of Xen- Hom. , Homer : — Apoll. , Hynni to Apollo; II., Iliad; Od., Odyssey. I., inf, infinitive: i. (a.), infinitive with subject accusative. i. e., id est, that is. impers., impersonal, -ly. iniv., imperative. in., inches. ind., indicative, indecL, indeclinable. indef., indefinite. interrog., interrogative. intrans., intransitive, -ly. Ion., Ionic. ipf., imperfect. 1., late. Lat., Latin. lbs., pounds. .. Lucr., Lucretius. M., m., mid., middle. masc, masculine. metath,, metathesis, meton., metonymy. mss,, manuscripts. Mt., Mount. neg., negative. Neh., Nehemiah. neut,, neuter. nom., nominative. Numb., Numbers. om., omitted. opp., opposed. opt., optative. orig., originally. oz., ounces. p., pt., part., participle. P., p., pass., passive. periphr., periphrasis. Pers., Persian. pers., person, -al, -ally. pf,, perf , perfect. pi., plur., plural. pleon., pleonastically. pip., plup,, pluperfect. poet,, po., poetic. post-pos. , post-positive. pr., pres., present. prep., preposition, pret, preteritive, -ly. prob., probably. pron., pronoun. prop., proper, -ly. q. v ., quod vide, which see. X., rare, -ly. ', Revised Grammar. redupl. , reduplication. refl,, reflex,, reflexive, -ly. rel., relative. s, sequens, and the follow- ing, [tive. s., sup,, superl,, superla- Sans., Sanskrit, sc, scilicet, namely, under- stand. sing., singular: 2 sing., 2d person singular, &c. sp., specially. [tion. spec, specif., specifica- subj . , su bj uncti ve. subj. A,, subject accusa- tive, subst., substantive, -ly. sync, syncopated. Thuc, Thucydides. trans., transitive, -ly. usu,, usually, V. I., varia lectio, various Virg. , Virgil : — ^n. , Mno- id ; G. , Georgic. voc, vocative, w., with. Xeu., Xen ophon. For the signs 4, t, X, as here used, see 4 above ; for ?, 8 ; for |j, 9 ; for *, page iv. LEXICON [d-,* an inseparable particle, com- monly denoting privation or negation, and then called a- lyrivativc (akin to &vev without, the Lat. in-, and the Eng. and Germ, un-, and having com- monly the fuller form dv- before a vowel) ; but sometimes denoting M7iiwi, likeness, or intensity, and then called a- copulative (akin to iifxa together, and having also the form d-) ; 385 a.] &, &-"ir€p, see 6s, ocr-irep, i. 2. 27. A-PttTos, ov, {§a'Lvo3) impassable (on foot, by fording, for a horse, &c.), in- accessible, not fordctble, iii. 4. 49 : v. 6. 9. 'APpo^eXii-qs, ov, Abrozelmes, inter- preter to Seuthes, vii. 6. 43 ? 'APpoKo^ias, a, Abrocornas, satrap of Phcenicia, and commander of a fourth part of the army* of Artaxerxes. On the approach of Cyrus, he appears to have considered the result doubtful, and to have pursued a course of selfish policy. As if a friend to Artaxerxes, he burned the boats for crossing the Euphrates, and marched as to aid the king ; but, as if no enemy to Cyrus, he nowhere opposed his march, and did not reach the king till five days after the battle of Cunaxa. i. 3. 20. "ApiJSos, ov, 7], Abyclus, a city built by the Milesians upon the Asiatic side of the Hellespont, where the strait is narrowest. This spot, now Cape N"a- gara, is famed for the bridge of Xerx- es, and the loves of Hero and Lean- der. i. 1. 9. Q.ya.'^ui, &c., see 1x70;, i. 3. 5, J7. aYaSos, -q, bv (akin to Germ, gut, our good, with d- intensive or euphonic); c. and s.* ajxeiuiov, apLaros • ^eXrlwv, ^eXTKTTOS • KpeLTTCJU, KpaTLCTTOS ' XuXxJP, X'^rros ' good, virtuous ; good in war {els TTjXeixov i. 9. 14s), brave, valiant ; beneficial, advantageous, useful, ser- viceah/e, desirable, valuable ; good for LKX. AN. 1 L. 'Ayt^o-CXoos prodvicing, fertile ; ii. 4. 22 ; 6. 19 : iv, 4. 9 : — neut. subst. , a good thing, good, benefit, advantage, blessing, service, favor ; also pi. goods, provisions, sup- plies, possessions ; iir dyadu) for one's good; ii. 1. 12; 3. 20: iii. 1. 20s ; 5. 1: V. 8. 18. See /caXos. d-ydXXo),* aXuJ, to adorn : M. to take pride in, be proud of, glory in, D., kiri, ii. 6. 26. dYafiai,^ dydo-o^tai Ep., a. p. as m. ifyd(xdr}v, to admire, A,, i. 1. 9. ^ixyoy adv., very, very inuch, exceed- ingly, vii. 6. 39. j. d-yairdii), ■»7, ijiydinjKa, to love, treat with afi^ection, A.; be content or well pleased, on : i. 9, 29 : v. 5. 13. 4.*A'ya(rias, ov, Agasias, a lochage under Proxenus, from Stymphalus in Arcadia. He was one of the bravest and most enterprising of the Cyreans, and a firm friend of Xenophon. iii. 1. 31 : iv. 1. 27.— 2. V. I. for Bacrias, vii. 8. 10. j-dYao-Tos, 77, 6v, admirable, worthy ojf admiration, i. 9. 24. dyyeiov, ov, {ayyos vessel for con- taining) a vessel, receptacle, pail, jar, vi. 4. 23: vii. 4. 3. tdyyeXia, as, a message, report, an- nouncement, ii. 3. 19. t dyyeXXo), *eX w, ^yyeXKa, to announce, report, A. P. D., i. 7. 13: ii. 3. 19. dyyeXos, ov, 6 ij, (ayo)) a messenger, i. 2. 21 : ii. 3. 3. Der. angel. &7€, see dyw, ii. 2. 10. dY€ipca,* a. ijyeipa, (070;) to brin^ together, collect, assemble, A., iii. 2. 13. d-7€'veLos, ou, (yeueiov, chin, beard) beardless, ii. 6. 28. 'A^iio-i-Xdos, 01;, Agesildus, one of the most eminent of the kings of Sparta, succeeding his brother Agis, B. c. 398, to the exclusion of his nephew Leotychides, and reigning with great fame for military prowess, 'A-ytas 2 dSiKcci) simplicity of manners, integrity, and patriotism, till his death in the win- ter of 361-0, at the age of 80. He was lame, and insignificant in general appearance. He was sent into Asia Minor, b. c. 396, to prosecute the war against the Persians ; but was recalled from the plans and promise of great accomplishment, in 394, to sustain Sparta against the Thebans, Athenians, kc, over whom he gained the battle of Coronea. Xenoplion served under him in Asia, and returned with him to Greece, v. 3, 6. 'AyCaSy ov, Agias, a Cyrean general from Arcadia, slain through the treach- ery of Tissaphernes. He prob, com- manded troops left by Xenias or Pa- sion. ii. 5. 31 ; 6. 30. &7K0S, eos, TO, a bend or hollow, valley, glen, dell, iv. 1, 7. Cf. Lat. uncus, angulus. ^d^Ktipa, as, ancora, an ANCHOR, iii. 5. 10. d-'yvo^w, Tjerw, rjyvdrjKa, (yvo- in 74- ypwa-KO}} not to know or recognize, to he ignorant or in doubt, cp., iv. 5. 7: vi. 5. 12: vii. 3. 38. td'yvcofiocrvvT], rjs, want of sense ; pi, inisunder standings, ii. 5. 6. d-'YV(d|xci)v, Of, g. ojfos, (yvdofxr]) de- void of sense, thoughtless, inconsiderate, ignorant, vii. 6. 23, 38. dyopd, as, {dyeipo}) an assembly ; 'place of assembly (Lat. forum), market- place (the same open place in a city being commonly used for both pur- poses) ; market, provisions or supplies for sale ; i. 2. 10; 3. 14: v. 7. 3: vi. 6. 3 : irap^x^LV dyopdu to afford or provide a market, offer provisions for sale, ii. 3. 26 s : 01 €K TTjs dyopds f(f)evyov those in the market fled frorti it, or the mar- ket-men fled, 704 a, i. 2. 18 : dyopd irXridovaa, the time of full market, the middle of the forenoon, and from that time till noon, i. 8. 1. See Kepafiwv. \.dyopaX,) to address an assembly, harangue, speak, intro- duce a subject, A. e/s, v. 6. 27. td7pcvft), e{)(T(j), (ay pa field-roaming, hunting) to hunt, take in the chase, A., V. 3. 8. td^ptos, a, ov, living in the field, ivild, i. 2. 7; 5. 2. Cf. agrestis. d^pos, ov, 6, (cog. ager. Germ, acker, our ac7x) field, land, country as opp. to city, V. 3. 9 : vi. 2. 8. dYp-virvew, ijao}, {dyp-virvos sleep- hunting ? sleepless) to lie awake, watchy irpo, vii. 6. 36. d^o),* d^w, ^xctj 2 a. -^yayov, ago, to put in motion, to lead a person, army, animal, &c. ; conduct, direct, bring, carry, convey; lead on, ad- vance; A. eis, iiri, &c.; i. 3. 5; 6. 10; 9. 27: iv. 3. 5 ; 8. 12 : vi. 3. 18 : i^cv- X'^av or eip-qv-qv dyetv to lead a qidet or peacef^d life, iii. 1. 14 : epet.v Kal dyeiv ferre et agere, to carry and lead off, to plunder, spoil, despoil, harry, by carrying off things and leading off cattle, A. (of booty taken or persons robbed), v. 5. 13 : ii. 6. 5 : dye (5^), dyere {5rj}, come {now)l ii. 2. 10 : v. 4. 9 : dywv bringing, with, 674 b, v. 4. 11: M. to bring one's own things. A., i. 10. 17. 4d'Y»'yi|jLos, Of, portable ; rd dyibyifia, the things to be csiYried, freight, v. 1 . 16. idydiv, wvos, 6, a bringing together, gathering, assembly, especially to wit- ness a game or contest ; hence a game or games, contest, strife, encounter, struggle, i. 2. 10 ; 7. 4. Der. agony, I d'ywvCl^op.ai, LaofjLac loOfxat, Tjyibptcr/xai, to contend, strive, struggle, fight, ae,, irpos, irepL, ii. 5. 10 : iii. 1. 43 : iv. 8. 27. Der. agonize. |dY<«)vo-06Tr]s, ov, (Tid7)fii) an insti- tutor, director, or judge of a contest, iimpire, iii. 1. 21. d-Sciirvos, OP, {detirvov q, v.) supper- less, i. 10. 19 : iv. 5. 21. d-8€X«|>69, ov, (d- cop, , be\(f>vs matrix) a brother, i. 3, 8 : vii. 2. 25, 38. d-Sews adv. , {84osfear) without fear, fearlessly, securely, i. 9. 13 : vi. 6. 1. d-8T]Xos, ov, uncertain, dottbtful, un- known, D., V. 1. 10: vi. 1. 21. d-8idpaTos, ov, impassable, unford- able, ii. 1. 11 : iii. 1. 2. td8iK€a>, T^crw, rjdiKrjKa, to be unjust, dSiKCa at act unjustly, do wrong, he in the wrong; to treat unjustly, wrong, injure,harm ; A. AE., P. ; i. 3. 10 ; 4. 9 ; 6. 7 s : vii. 7. 3 : pr, as pf. to be guilty of doing wrong, to have wronged, 6i2, i. 5. 11; V. 7. 26, 29 : ixridkv a. to do no wrong, he guilty of no crime, i. 9. 13. tdSiKCa, ay, injustice, wrong-doing, ii. 6. 18. &-ScKOs, ov, s., (diKr]) unjust, guilty, criminal, loicked, unprinci'pled, irepi, i. 6. 8 ; 9. 13 : ii. 6. 20 : to ddcKov in- justice, i. 9. 16. |d8tK«s, s.? unjustly, wrongfully, V. 7. 29 : vii. 1. 16 (or adj.). d-SoXws adv., (56Xos guile, fraud) without guile or treachery, faithfully, ii.^2. 8 ; 3. 26 ; iii. 2. 24. *A8pap,yT[T]iov, see 'ArpafiiTTiov. d-Svvaros, ov, impossible, impracti- cable ; unable, powerless, inefficient ; ii. 4. 6 : iv. 1. 25 : v. 6. 10 : vii. 7. 24. a8ft>,* q.(xo^iaL, to sing, A., iv. 3. 27 ; 7. 16 : vi. 1. 6. a.d, less Att. aUi, always, continu- ally ; at any time (esp. between the art. and a pt., or after a rel. w. a//), on each occasion, successively ; i. 9. 19 : iii._2. 31, 38: iv. 7. 23: v. 4. 15. 'acTos, less Att. aUrds, ov, 6, an eagle. This bird was regarded by the Greeks as sacred to Zeus, and as sent by him to give omens of the future. It gave to the Assyrians and Persians, as to some modern nations, a symbol of royalty or power, i. 10. 12: vi. 1. 23. &-0cOs, oy,s., (debs) godless, impious, ii. 5. 39. Der. atheist. ['A9T]vd, as, Athena, Pallas, or Mi- nerva; in Greek mythology the daugh- ter of Zeus, sprung from his head, the goddess of wisdom and warlike prow- ess, and the especial patroness of Athens.] I'AOfjvat, C}v, at, Athens, the capital of Attica, and the city in which Greek, indeed ancient civilization culminated (799), "the eye of Greece." Accord- ing to tradition, it was founded by Cecrops, named for the goddess Athe- na (who bestowed upon it the gift of the olive), and greatly enlarged by Theseus, who united the people of Attica as its citizens. At its zenith, it is supposed to have contained, with its harbor the Piraeus, about 200,000 inhabitants, or about two fifths of the Mhole population of Attica. From the Persian wars, in which it acquired such glory at Marathon and Salamis, and was burned by Xerxes, to the Peloponnesian war, in which it was conquered by Sparta, it was the lead- ing state of Greece. In politics, it was the head of the democratic, as Sparta of the aristocratic interest. The latter war had closed, with the prostration of Athens and the exalta- tion of Sparta, b. c. 404, about three years before the expedition of Cyrus. Preserved from destruction through the desolations of so many centuries, it became, a. d. 1834, the capital of the new kingdom of Greece, iii. 1. 5. |'A0T]vaia,as, poet, for 'A^iyra, chosen as a password, from the kinship which Seuthes claimed to the Athenians, vii. 3. 39 ? I* A0t]vafcos, ov, 6, an Athenian : e. g. Xenophon, Lycius, Polycrates, &c. No Athenian is mentioned in the Ana- basis dishonorably, i. 8. 15 : iii. 3. 20. l'AQ'{\vr], ^'crxvy/ca L, to shame, disgrace : M. to be ov feel ashamed, i., p., on, i. 3. 10 : vi. 5. 4 : vii. 6. 21 : to be ashamed before, revercnce,^ stand in awe of, a. i., CP., i. 7. 4: ii. 3. 22 (a. p. as m. rjcrx^i'dv'^) j 5. 39 ; 6. 19. alrco), rjao), rJTriKa I., to ask for a thing, demand, a., 2 a., irapd, i. 1. 10 ; 3. 14, 16 : ii. 1. 10 : 31. (more subjective, earnest, or liumble) to ask as a favor to one's self, entreat, beseech, beg; to obtain by entreaty; A. i., trapd, ii. 3. 18 s : v. 1. 11 : vi. 6. 31. jaiTta, as, [ground of demand] cause; blame, reproach, censure, charge, vi. 6. 15 s : airiav (alrlas) '^x^iv to incur censure [reproaches), be blamed, virb, vii. 1. 8 ; 6. 11, 15. I aiTido|Aat, (f croyttat, riTidfMat, dep.mid., to blame, accuse, complain of, charge, reprove, A. i., on, i. 2. 20 : iii. 1. 7 ; 3. lis: V. 5. 19 : vi. 2. 9. ^.tttrtos, a, ov, causative, causing, productive ; hence, chargeable with, responsible, guilty, to blame : 6 at the author, to at the cause : G. (444 f), r. (A.); i. 4. 15: ii. 5. 22: iv.l. 17: vi. 6. 8 : vii. 7. 48. alxji-a'^"'''Os, ov, (alxf^V point of a spear, dXicrKOfiat) taken in war, cap- tured : oi al. the 2)riso7iers of war, cap- tives : TO, al. the things taken in war, prizes of war, including both prison- ers and booty : iii. 3. 19 : iv. 1. 12 s ; 8. 27 : V. 3. 4. [aK- p)oint, a root appearing in d/c/x,??, ^/cwi/ dart, aKpos, alxp-v, o^^^, perh. &K060J to point the ear ; Lat. acus, acuo, acies ; Sans. aQan dart ; &c.] 'AKapvdv, dvos, 6, an Acarnanian. Acarnania was the most western prov- ince of Greece Proper, lying between ^tolia, the Ionian Sea, and the Am- bracian Gulf (now the Gulf of Arta) ; and was occupied by colonists of dif- ferent tribes, none of which attained much eminence or refinement, iv. 8.18, fi-KavoTTos, ov, (/cat'w) unburnt, iii. 5. 13. d-K€paios, ov, (KepdwU/xc) unmixed, undisturbed ; of troops, fresh, vi. 5. 9. d-KTjpvKTOS, ov, (KTipucraoj) witlwut intercourse by heralds, without truce, implacable, iii. 3. 5. dKivdKiis, 01;, (fr. Pers.) a straight poniard, dagger, or short-sword, used by the Persians, and commonly at- tached to the girdle on the right side, i. 2. 27; 8. 29. d-Kiv8iJvos, ov, without danger, safe, secure, vi. 5. 29. jdKivS-dvws without danger, safely, securely, ii. 6. 6. d-KX-qpos, ov, (kXtjpos lot, portion, estate) toithout estate, portionless, poor, in poverty, iii. 2. 26 ? tdKjAd^o), d(x<^}, to be at the acme of life, in one's fullest maturity and strength, I., iii. 1. 25. dK|JLT|, Tjs, {dK-) point, tip, ACME : dKjXTjv adv., in puncto temporis, on the point, in the act, just, even now, iv. 3. 26. d-KoXao-TOs, ov, {KoXd^o}) unchaS' tised, ii. 6. 9. tdxoXovOe'ttf, r}7(j}, TjxoXovdrjKa, to ac- company, follow, d. or (xvv, vii. 5. 3. d-KoXovOos, ov, (d- cop., K^Xevdos road, vKty) going the same way, ac- companying, following, consistent, ii. 4. 19. Der. an-acoluthon. taKOVTi^co, l(xw lQ, to throw, hurl, or fling a dart or javelin ; to shoot, hit, or 23i<^'^ce with a javelin. A.; i. 8. 27 ; 10.^7: iii. 3. 7: vii. 4. 18. ttKovTiov, OV, {dK- ; dim, of &K(ap javelin, 371 f) a javelin or dart, for throwing, smaller and lighter than the ddpv, iv. 2. 28. jdKovTio-is, ews, 7], use of the dart, throwing the javelin, i. 9. 5. 4 dKovTi c's, {6vv^ claw, nail) nail-tip ; hence, extreme edge, sharp ridge or spur of a mountain, iii. 4. 37 s. aKT^i, 97s, {B/yvvpiL to break) where the sea breaks, promontory, headland, shore, vi. 2, 1. &-Kvpos, ov, (Kvpos authority) with- out authority or jforce, null, void, vi. 1. 28. &K(tfV, ova-a, d.Kov, g. ovtos, 0}j(T7]s, (a-, €KU)v) un-willing, reluctant, vii. 7. 14 : w. pt., involuntarily, uniiiten- tionally, iv. 8. 25 : &kovtos Kvpov [C. being unwilling] against the will of C, or vnthouthis consent, i. 3. 17. d\aXd|ci), d^opLai, a. rjXdXa^a, ch. poet., (dXaXd war-cry) to raise the war-cry, shout for battle, D., iv. 2. 7 : V. 2. 14? vi. 5. 26. dX€eiv6s, rj, ov, {dXia warmth) ivarm, iv. 4. 11 ? dXe'lw,* dX€^7i(ru3 Ep., f. m. dXe^rj- croixai or dXe^op-ai, a. m. ijXe^dp.'qv or TjXe^rjadixrjv, (akin to dXKT) prowess) to ward or keep off: M. to keep offixom. dX\d one's self, defend one's self, repel, re- quite,^ A., i. 3. 6 ; 9. 11 : iii. 4. 33. dXeTT|s, ov, (dXe'w to grind) a grind- er: as adj., 506 f, ovos dXeT7;s a [grind- er] mill-stone, i. 5. 5. dXevpov, ov, {dXiw to grind) flour, esp. wheat-flour, comm. pi., i. 5. 6. t dXirj0€ia, as, truth ; reality ; sincer- ity, uprightness ; ii. 6. 25 ; vi. 2. 10. tdXT]0€vw, eijcrw, to tell or speak tlie truth ; to speak, state, report, predict, or prmnise truly, A. ; i. 7. 18 : iv. 4. 15. d-XT]9TJs, es, (XavOdvo) or XtjOcj) un- concealed, t7'ue, real, sincere : to dXrj- des [the true] truth, 507 a : ii. 5. 24 ; 6. 22 : V. 5. 24. |dXT]0iv6s, Tj, 6v, truthful, trusty y genuine, i. 9. 17. j-dXi^Ows truly, in truth, iv. 7. 7 ? dXicvTiKos, 77, 6v, (dXtei^w to fish, fr. dXs sea) for fishing : d. irXoiov fshing- boat, vii. 1. 20. 'dXi^cD, a. p, TjXia-driv, ( aXiJs crowded) to collect or assemble (trans.): M. to collect or assemble (intrans.), rendez- vous : ii. 4. 3 : vi. 3. 3. d-Xi0os, ov, (Xidos) free from stones, not stony, vi. 4. 5. dXis adv., in crowds, heaps, or abundance ; abundantly, sufficiently, enough : subst., G., v. 7. 12. 'AXitTov, ov, comm. in pL, groats, esp. barley-groats, barley-meal, i. 5. 6. dXcoircKT], -T\$, or -is, tSos, t], {aXuTrrj^ fox) a fox-skin, fox-skin cap, vii. 4. 4. aXl8T]fi,os [d-(i€\irjs, e's, (luiXei) careless, heed- less, neglige7it.] idjxeXws carelessly, heedlessly, with- out caution, incautiously, v. 1. 6. &-(i.€Tpos, ov, (fiirpov) measureless, immense, im-mensus, iii. 2. 16. 'Aji,£vo-iKX€t8T]s, see Naua-t/cXeiSi??. ^-~H'''1X°'V°S, ov, {p.-nxa.v7}) without means, resources, or expedients ; of persons, destitute of means or resources, resourceless, lulpless ; of things, im- practicable, impossible, insurmotmt- able, inextricable ; i. 2. 21 : ii. 3. 18 ; 5. 21. d^iXXdo|Jiai, riao/jLai, rttxiKKruxai, {dfiiWa strife, competition) to compete, contend ; av. eiri or irpos, to race for or towards, vie for the attain7nent of, struggle to reach, iii. 4. 44, 46. djAireXos, ov, ij, (d/x0t eXlaffw to twine round) a vine, i. 2. 22 : vi. 4. 6. 'AfJiirpaKic&TTis, see ' A/j.(3paKLd}Tr]s. djivySdXivos, 7}, ov, {d/uLvyddXT) al- mond) of almonds, made from al- monds, iv. 4. 13. d-ftv^«, see jd-i'^w, iv. 5. 27 ? dfi^vo), d/jLvvu), 1 a. ijfivva, (cf. raii- nio) to ward or keep off : M. to [keep off from one's self] defend ones self, act in self-defence, one means of which is retaliation ; hence to avenge ones self upon, requite, punish. A.; ii. 3. 23 : iii. 1. 14, 29 : v. 4. 25. dp.4)i prep.,* (akin to dijLcfxa and Lat. ambo, arab-) on both sides of, hence on different sides of, about, around : (a) w. Ace. of place, i. 2. 3 : of person (the person himself often included, 527 a), 01 afi(f>i Tiaaa^epvrjv [those about T.] T. and those tcith him, iii. 5. 1 : of object of concern or relation, rd d. rd^ets [the things about] matters relating to tactics, ii. 1. 7 ; d. elvaL or ex^Lv to be busy about or occupied with, iii. 5. 14 : v. 2. 26 : of time or num- ber, about, i. 8. 1 ; d. rd eiKoaiv about [the] twentT/, 531 d, iv. 7. 22 : — (b) w. Gen., poet, or r. : of object sought or cause, about, iv. 5. 17. In compos, as above. Cf. irepL d[i.^\.-yvoi(a,^' Tjcru}, ipf. rjfKpiyvoovv or r]/x(peyv6ovv, (yvo- in yiyvwcKU)) to think on both sides, to be puzzled, in doubt, or at a loss, to tconder, cp., ii. 5. 33. 'A|i<|)i-8ti(ios, ov, Amphidemus, an Athenian, father of Amphicratcs. 'A|i<{>iKpd'n]s 9 'Ap.«f)i-KpdTt]s, eos, Amphicrates, a lochage from Athens, iv. 2. 13, 17. dfi^i-Xc-yw,* \e'|w, X^Xe^a L, to speak on both sides, to dispute or quarrel about. A., i. 5. 11. 'A}i4»''"'o^iTT]s, ov, (AfKpi-TroXis) an Amphipolite, i. 10. 7. Amphipolis was a city of western Thrace mostly sur- rounded by the Strymon near its mouth (whence its name), a greatly prized colony of the Athenians, for the loss of which in the Peloponnesian war the historian Thucydides was banished. || Neokhorio. d[j,oT6p«0ev/rom. or on both sides, at both ends, g., i. 10. 9 : iii. 4. 29 ; 5. 10. &^^ 2 a. ijyayov, to lead up, bring or carry up, a., ii. 3. 21 ; 6.1: to bring upon the high sea ; M. to put out to sea, tveigh anchor, set sail, V. 7. 17 : vi. 1. 33s. Cf. Kar-dyw. ava-X;avyvv[ii,^' t^v^oj, e^ev^a 1., to yoke up, harness up, break up the camp, prepare to start, iii. 4. 37: iv. 6. 1. dva-6app6a>, rjcro}, reddppTjKa, to be- come confident again, regain confidence or courage, vi. 4. 12. dva-0€ivai, -0eCs, see dva-riOrjfju. 4.dvd-GT]p.a, aros, to, a sacred gift or votive offering set up in a temple, as a statue, tripod, &c., G., v. 3. 5. dva-Gopvpe'o), rjcru}, reOopv^TiKa, (66- pv^os) to raise a shout or clamor, cry dvadpc^os 10 uvap\\.a out, shout, cheer, applaud, us: v. 1. 3 : vi.L30. dva-6p€^as, see dva-rpe^o}, iv. 5. 35. dv-atpeo),* rjacj, rjpvKO', 2 a. etXov, to take up ; sp, to take up a question for reply, hence, through an oracle or omen, to respond, ansioer, signify, di- rect, point out, A. D., I., iii. 1, 6 s : vii. 6. 44 : M. to take or pick up for one's self, undertake ; sp, to take up or carry off one's dead for burial (to which the Greeks attached great im- portance, believing that the souls of the unburied dead were long debarred from repose ; so ^. rarely, vi. 4. 9) ; A.,^iv. 1. 19; V. 7. 21, 27. dva-Kai6> & Att. kuco,* Ka^ao), k4- KavKa, to light up a iire, kindle. A., iii. 1. 3. ^ dva-KaXeto,* koK^cto) /caXiD, kckXt^ku, to call [with raised voice] aloud, a., vi. 6, 7 : M. to call back to one's self, summon, sound a retreat, iv. 4. 22. dvd-K€iov or dva-K€iov, ov, (/cet/xai) an upper floor, v. 4, 29 ? dva-KOivo(0, (tJcrw, pf. m. KeKolvdjjxaL, to bring up from concealment in the breast and com,municate to another ; to consult, as a god : M. to consult or confer vAth, as Avith a friend, to com- municate : D. A., irepi : iii. 1.5: v. 6. 36 : vi. 1. 22. dva-KO|xil^o), iaoi lQ, KCKOfiiKa, to bring u]) : M. to lay up for one's self, store, A., iv. 7. 1, 17. dva-Kpd^o) r., /cpd^w 1., K^Kpaya, 2 a. 'iKpayov, to raise a cry, cry out, cry aloud, exclaim, shout, ae., ws or 6'ri, iv. 4. 20 : V. 8. 10, 12 : vii. 3. 33. dv-aXaXa^w, d^ofxaL, to raise the battle-shout, to shout tlie war-cry, iv. 3. 19. dva-Xa|i,pdv«,* \7}\pofxai, etXrjcpa, 2 a, ^Xa^ov, to take up, take ivith one or away, rescue, A., i. 10. 6 : iv. 7. 24. dva-Xdp.ira), * \po}, XeXa/xwa, to blaze ^ip, burst into flames, v. 2. 24. dva-Xe-yw,* Xefw, to gather up, re- count, relate, repeat. A., ii. 1. 17 ? dv-dXicTKCi),* -dXthao), --qXwKa, a. -TjXwaa, (dXtcr/cw to take, A. as trans, not in use) to take up, use up, expend, spend, co7isume, A., iv. 7. 5, 7, 10. dv-dXa)Tos, ov, {dXiaKO/xai) not to be taken, impregnable, v. 2. 20. dva-iievw,* p-evCj, fiep.ivr}Ka, to re- main, stay ; wait for, A.I., iii. 1. 14. dva-iii-yyviii,* fj.l^w, /J-e/iiixa 1., pf. p. fMefMcy/jLat, to mix up, mingle, iv, iv, 8. 8. dva-[ii|AVTJ€VY(i), * (pev^opiai, ir^cfjevya, 2 a. ^(pvyov, to flee or escape up, evri, vi. 4. 24. dva-<{>povefa), lycrw, irecppofriKa, to he- come rational again, come to one's senses, iv. 8. 21. dva-xd^o),* (xd^w c?Wve &T]v, see dva-arpeipw. &V€v adv. as prep., without, G., i. 3. 11,^13: ii. 6. 6, 18. dv-evpCo-KW,* evprjcrci}, evprjKa or i?!^- /97//ca, to find again, discover, find, A., vii. 4. 14. dv-ex" and dv-C, cTcrco, rjvidKa 1., (dvia grief, distress) to annoy, trouble, A. : M. to be grieved, troubled, or distressed : i. 2. 11 : iii. 3. 19 : iv. 8. 26. dv-lT]|xi,* rjcrw, eiKa, a. ^Ka (&, &c.) to [let one get up] let go or escape, A. P., jii. 6. 30? dv-i(id(o, (Ifids leathern strap) used in drawing) to draw up, A., iv. 2. 8. dv-l, see dv-ix^^, ii- 1. 3 : v. 7. 6. dv-o8os, ov, ij, [dvd, 686s), = dvd- jSao-ts, the way up, upward march, ascent, ii. 1. 1. &V-080S, ov, (a-, 656s) pathless, in- accessible, or difficult of access, iv.8.10. d-voTjTos, ov, .{voew) senseless, de- mented, foolish, ii. 1. 13. dv-oi-yw,* dv-oi^u), dv-ecpxa-, ipf. dv- 4(pyov, (oi'7w to open) to [open up or again] open. A., v. 5. 20 : vii. 1. 16. dvo|jiia, as, (d-vofios) lawlessness, v. 7. 33 s. dv-o|xoi(iDS, {dv-ofioios un-like) dif- ferently : d. ^x^cv to be differently situated or esteevied, vii. 7. 49. d-vo|jLos, ov, (vofios) lawless, vi. 6. 13. dvT or dv0', by apostr. for dvTl. dvT-a-yopd^w, daoo, rjyopaKa, to buy OY purchase in return, a., i. 5. 5. dvT-aKOv&>,* aKovaofiai, dK'qKoa, to hear in return, listen in turn, ii. 5. 16. "AvTttvSpos, 01;, Tj, Antandros, an old town of Troas, south of Mt. Ida and on the north shore of the Adramyttian Gulf, where Yirgil makes J^ineas build his ileet (^n. 3. 6). It was later col- onized by iEolians, and was sometimes under Greek, and sometimes under Persian power, vii. 8. 7. i| Avjilar. dvT-ep.-irlirXiip.i,* TrXiycra;, Tr^irXrjKa, to fill in return, A. G., iv. 5. 28. dvT-eirip.6Xeop.ai,* rjaofiaL, eTri/xefi^- Xiqfxai, to take Med or care in return, oTTws, iii. 1. 16. dvT-ev-iroic'w, 'qcrio, ireirolTjKa, to do tvell or a service in return, v. 5. 21 ; also written, through tmesis, dvr eS iroieo), 6991. dvTi * prep. , over against, against {behind, iv. 7. 6) ; instead of, in place of, in preference to, in return for ; G. : in compos., against, instead, in turn or return .• i. i. 4 ; 3. 4. 21 ; 7. 3 s. dvTi-8i8«pi,* bibaw, dedbJKa, a. ?5w- Ka {dQ, &c.), to give instead or in re- turn, A., iii. 3. 19. dvTi-8€«,* devcrofiai, to rim against, eiri, iv. 8. 17 ? dvTi-KaO-tcmipi,* ar-qau}, ecrrrfKa, a. p. €(XTdd7]v, to appoint instead, a., iii. 1. 38. dvTi-Xc'Yft),* Xe^w, to speak or say against or i7i opp)Osition, gainsay, op- pose, object, D. i. (a.), ws, ii.3.25 ; 5. 29. 'AvTi-Xs'toVjOiTos, Antileon, aCyrean from Thurii, a flourishing Athenian colony in Italy, on the Tarentine Gulf. Among its colonists were the historian Herodotus and the orator Lysias. v.i. 2. dvTfos 13 dirayyiKkoi b dvTlos, a, ov, {duri) set against ; opposite, fronting, over against ; €k Tou dvTLOv [sc. fxepovs] from the oppo- site part, in front ; w. Uvai, &c., as adv., against : opposed, contrary, dif- ferent (other than, ■¥\) : i), : i. 8. 17, 23 s? 10. 10 : iv. 3. 26: vi. 6. 34. dvTi-irapa-Gcw, * devaoixai, to run [along against] sidewise to meet or op- pose, eiri, iv. 8. 17 ? dvTi-irapa-o-Kevd5o(iai,d7crw, (crrorxos row) to stand in ojJjJosite rows, front each other, D., V. 4. 12. dvTi-o-TpaTOir€8€iiop,ai, evao/mai, i- o-Tparoiredevfiai, to encamp) or take tlie field against, vii. 7. 33. dvTi-TaTTco,* rd^w, re'raxa, to array against, draw up) or marshal against, op)pose to, A. D. : M. to array one's self against, D.: pf. p. as pret. to [have been marshalled] stand in array or he drawn up against : i. 10. 3 : ii. 5. 19 : iii. ^2. 14: iv. 8. 5. dvTt-Ti|i,da), Tjcrw, TeTLixyjKa, to honor in return, a. dvTi, v. 5. 14. dvTi-Tolevw, €vyi', by apostr. for diro, i. 7.1 8. dir-a-y-yeXXw, e\w, ijyyeXKa, to bring or carry word, a message, or tidings from a person or place ; comm. to bring or carry back word, a message, or tidings, to re-port, announce ; a. d., CV.fTrapdjTrepifkc; i. 4. 12s; 10.14s. airuYopeutt 14 aiTTitiv dir-a'yopevo), eico), if^bpevKa, (comm. ] f. epCjj pf. etfjTjKa, 2 a. elirov) to [speak off from a thing, bid farewell to itj renounce, resign, give up ; to give out, beco7)ie exhausted ov fatigived, tire, virb : also, to [bid one away from a thing] Jorhid : dir-elprjKa, as pret., / [have become fatigued] am fatigued, tired, or wcary^ p.: i. 5. 3 : ii. 2. 16 ; v. 1. 2 ; 8. 3. See dir^lirov. dir-dYO),* d'^w, ■i^X'^* 2 a. i^ayov, to lead, conduct, bring, or carry away ; comm. to lead, &c., hack: M. to carry q/f one's own : A. bLo., els, &c. : i. 3. 14 ; 10. 6 : ii. 3. 29 ; v. 2. 8 s : vi. 6. 1. idTT-a-ywyiq, tjs, a leading away, re- moval, vii. 6. 5. d-Tra0iQS, €s, {it ados) free from suffer- ing, G., vii. 7. 33. d-iraiScvTos, ov, (fl-at5euw) unedu- cated, ignorant, sttipid, ii. 6. 26. dir-aipo),* dpu}, ^p/ca, a. %a, to lift from its resting-place, as a vessel, &c. ; hence to set sail, depart, vii, 6. 33 ? dir-aire*), 770-^, to asTc from, de- mand, esp. one's due, as the payment of a debt ; to ask hack; 2 a.; i. 2. 11 : ii. 5. 38 : iv. 2. 18 : vii. 6. 2, 17. dir-aXXaTTft),* d^w, ijWaxa, 2 a. p. TJXXdyrjv {dXkdTTO} to change, fr. dXXos) to [change from or off] pid away, get rid of, escape, a. : 3L and P. to he rid or quit of, to be freed from, g. ; to de- part from, leave, withdraw, dirb, e/c : i. 10. 8 : iii. 2. 28 : iv. 3. 2 : v. 6. 32. doroXos, y}, ov, c. , (aTrrw) soft to the touch, tender, i. 5. 2 : v. 4. 32. d'n--a|JL€ipo|j.ai, xpoixaL, a. p)- rj/nei^drjv, ch. poet., esp. Ep., (ct/iei'^w to inter- change) to [give back in exchange] re- ply, ii. 5. 15. dir-avrdw, rjcrw, ijPTyiKa, {dvrdb} to oneet, fr. dvTi) to go or come from the other side in order to meet or to op- pose, to meet as a friend or foe, en- counter, goagainst, D., ii.3.17: iv.6.5. dira^ once (after eTret, idv, Cjs, as in Lat. ut semel), i. 9. 10 : ii. 2. 12. d-Trapa-, '■■ e^w, ^(^x•»7^'a, 2 a. ^(txov, to [have one's self away from] Je off from or distant, G. A. of extent, ctTro : J/, to hoM or exclude ones self from, refrain ox abstain from, refrain from injuriihg, spai'e, decline, G. : i. 3, 20 : ii. 4. 10; 6. 10 : iii. 1. 22: iv. 3. 5: vi. 1. 31. dir-TJ'yaYOV, 2 a. of a'7r-d7w, i. 10. 6. dir-rjetv, see d-Tr-ei/xi {elfjn), i. 9. 29. dirT]Xa, -qaw, to be confldent, v. 2. 22 ? diro0£v or dirwOev, (ciTro) from a dis- tance, i. 8. 14 ? d'n'O-0VTJo-Ka),* davovfxai, ridvqKa, 2 a. Wavov, to die off, die, fall in bat- tle ; as 2^- of diroKretvu), to be killed, slain, or put to death, viro : i. 6. 11 ; 8. 27: ii. 6. 29 s: iii. 2. 39. diro-0v(i) (v),* d\](T()j, redvKa, to sacri- fice in payment of a vow, pay a sacri- fice, A. D., iii. 2. 12 : iv. 8. 25. 16 diroir'^'Yvvfj.i tdiroiKia, as, a colony, iv. 8. 22. oLir-otKos, ov, transplanted from home, colonized: subst. i) diroiKos [sc. TToXis] colony ; ol uttolkol colonists ; v. 3. 2 ; 5. 10 : vi. 1. 15 ; 2. 1. airo-Kaia> & Att. diro-Kaw,* KaOaw, K^KavKa, to hum off ; also of intense cold (ne frigus adurat, Virg. G. 1. 92), to blast, freeze off, a., iv. 5. 3: vii. 4. 3. diro-KaXew,* KaXeaco /caXcD, K€K\r)Ka, to call aside or apart, A., vii. 3. 35. diro-KajJivw,*" /cttyUoOyttat, K€K/x7]Ka, 2 a. cKa/xov, to fall off fi-om worlc through fatigue, hccome fatigued, grow tired or weary, iv. 7. 2. dird-KciiJiai,* Kelaoixai, to he laid away or laid up, to he reserved, stored, or kept in store, d., ii. 3. 15 : vii. 7. 46 ? diro-K\€iw,* KXeiaco, /ce/cXet/ca, to s/t?t^ ojf or ou^, intercept, exclude, A. g. ; to shut, A. ; iv. 3. 20 s : vi. 6. 13: vii. 6. 24. diro-KXlv«,* kXlvQ, KeKXiKa 1., to turn aside, ii. 2. 16. diro-KOTTTO),* K6\pw, K€KO(pa, 2 a. ]). iKOTTTjv, to cut off) strike off beat of, A., iii. 4. 39 : iv. 2. 10, 17 : vii. 4. 15. diro-Kptvoixat,* KpXvovjxai, KCKplfxai, a. eKpivdixTjv (later dir-eKpidriv), to [de- cide back] re2'>ly, answer, d. ae., cp., irpSs, i. 3. 20; 4. 14; 6.7s : ii.l. 15,22s. diro-Kpv'irTw, * Kpv\po}, KCKpvcpa, to hide away, conceal, cover, A. : M. to conceal one's own, hoard: i. 9. 19? iv. 4. 11. diro-KTeivo),* KrevQ, 2 pf. eKrova, a. €KTei.ua, {P. supplied by dirodv-qaKOj) to Mil of, kill, slay, put to death. A., i. 1. 3, 7 ; 2. 20 : ii. 1. 8. dTro-KTivvi5p.i,* = aTTOKTeivw, vi. 3. 5. diro-K(oXva> (v), ifcroj, /ce/cciXu/ca, to hinder or prevent from, a. g., i., iii. 3. 3 ? vi. 4. 24. diro-Xafj,pdv«,* X-q^pofxai, etX770a,2a. eXafSou, a. 7^. eXrjcpdTji', to take or receive hack, re-take, recover ; to receive what is due ; to take or cut off, intercept, arrest ; A.; i. 2. 27 ; 4. 8 : ii. 4. 17 : vii.^ 7. 21, 33, 55 ? diro-XetiTft),* XeixJ/co, 2 pf. XeXocwa, 2 a. isXlitov, to leave behind, forsake, desert, quit, fail ; to leave [out] a space; A.: P. and M. to he left behivd, fatl behind, fail to observe, g. : i.4.8 : ii.6. 12 : iv. 3. 22 : v. 4. 20: vi. 3. 26 ; 5. 11. dTTo-XcKTOs, Qv, (Xe'7w) picked out, select, choice, ii. 3. 15. diro-Xi]4>0Wj -XT|\j/ofJLai, see dwo-Xap.- Bdvw, i. 4. 8 : ii. 4. 17. dir-oXXiJfit,* oXeVw 6XQ), oXuXcKa, (oXXv/uiL to destroy) to destroy [off or ut- terly], slay, A. ; to lose, be deprived of, A, virb : M. (f. oXovfiaL, 2 a. (hXo/inju) to perish, die, viro : 2 pf. as 7n. d-Tr-oXajXa perii, / have perished, I am lost or un- done : i. 2. 25 ; 5. 5 : ii. 5. 17, 39, 41 : iii. 1. 2; 4. 11 : vi. 6. 23. 'AiroXXwv,* (avos, wvi, wva and a>, "AiroXXov, Apollo, son of Jupiter and Latona, and -twin-brother of Diana, one of the chief divinities of the Greeks, and regarded as the patron of divina- cion, music, poetry, archery, &;c. His oracles were numerous, and that at Delphi in Phocis was the most famous of all the Greek oracles. ' ' Apollo had more influence upon the Greeks than any other god. It may safely be as- serted that the Greeks would never have become what they were, without the worship of Apollo: in him the brightest side of the Grecian mind is reflected." Dr. Schmitz. i. 2. 8. j'A-rroXXwvia, as, Apollonia, a small town of Mysia near Lydia, vii. 8. 15. ^'AttoXXcoviStis, ov, Apollonides, a mean-spirited lochage, a Lydian by birth, but serving as a Greek in the division of Proxenus, iii. 1. 26. aTTO-Xo'yeojxai, rjcrofxaL, -XeXoyrjfiai, (Xoyos) to plead off from a charge, speak or say in defence, apologize, irepi, OTL, V. 6. 3. dTTO-X-Dco,* Xucroj, XeXvKa, to loosc from, acquit, A. 6., vi. 6. 15. dir-oXwXcKa, see dir-oXXvpn., ii. 5. 39. diro-ixdxoixai,* x^'^^P-^'- XoO^at, fxe- fidxvi^^h to fight off resist, refuse, vi. 2. 6. diro-naxos, ov, (/xcixv) Fr. hors de combat, kej^t from fighting, disabled, non-combatant, out of the ranks, iii. 4. 32: iv. 1. 13. d7ro-vco-T6ft), rjcro}, {vharos a return) to return [back] home, iii. 5. 16. diro-ire'iJi.Trft),* irifji.\//u}, ir^TropLcpa, to send off, away, or back ; to send what is due, re-mit ; A. D., ets, iirl, &c. : M. to send away or back from one's self, dismiss, a. : i. 1. 3, 5, 8 ; 2. 1. 20. diro-Tr^TOfJLai,* ireTrjaoixai, comm. irrriaoixaL, 2 a. a. 'iirT-qv or ^irrdv, to fly off or aivay, i. 5. 3 ? diro-iTTi'YVUjxt,* TTTj^oj, TT^irrjxa 1., to form curds from a liquid : M. to cur- dle, become congealed, freeze, v. 8. 15. dTTOirqSdcD 17 airotp^vyo) diro-TrT]8da), riaofiai, TreTnfjdrjKa, (ttt)- ddcd to leap) to leap or spring off, away, or back, iii. 4. 27 ? diro-irXew,* Tr\evaojj.aL or TrXevaov- fiai, TreirXevKa, a. ^irXevcra, to sail off, away, or back, to sail for home, e/c, &c., i. 3. 14 ; 4. 7 : vi. 6. 9 : vii. 1. 38. ^.ttTrd-irXoos, contr. ovs, ov, 6, a voyage back or home, v. 6. 20. dTTO-iropcvoiiai, €vcro,uai, Treiropevfiai, to go away, depart, vii. 6. 33. t diTopca), Tjtrw, 7}ir6p7]Ka, to he without resource or means ; to be at a loss wlvxt to do, to be perplexed, puzzled, or in doicbt, D. (Jf. in like sense, cp., i.); to be destitute or i7i want, to tvant, lack, G.;^i. 3. 8; 7. 3: vi. 1. 22? vii. 3. 29. tdtropta, as, lack of resource or incans ; perplexity, embarrassment, distress ; difficulty, I. ; want, lack, G.; i. 3. 13: ii. 5. 9: iii. 1. 2, lis. d-iropos, ov, without way, resource, or means ; vmpracticable, impossible, difficult ; of places, impassable ; of persons, loithout resource, devoid of means, i.; subst. airopov something impassable, an insuperable obstacle, pi. obstacles, difficulties, straits : ii. 4. 4; ^5.^21:^ iii. 2. 22; 3. 4: v. 6. 20. dTTo-p-p-qTos, OV, ipe- to speak) [away from speaking] not to be spoken, for- bidden to be told, secret, i. 6. 5 : vii. 6. 43. See Trotew. dTTO-p-pw^, Gryos, 6 tj, cli. poet., (diro-p-prjyvv/ut.!. to break off) broken off, ab-rupt, steep, vi. 4. 3. diro-o-T|7r«,* i^w, 2 pf. as m. aearjira, {(X7)irw to rot) to rot off (trans.): M. to rot off (intrans. ), be mortified ; roijs daKTvXovs diroaeariTrbres [mortified as to] having lost their toes, virb, iv. 5. 12. diro-o-KdirTO),* di/'W, ecTKacpa, (cr/cd- TTTw to dig) to trench off, dig a trench to intercept, ae., ii. 4. 4. diro-o-KcSdvviip.i,* 0"/ce5d(rw cr/ceSw, to scatter abroad (trans. ) : P. and M. to be scattered or dispersed, scatter or disperse (intrans.), stray or straggle : 01 diroaKedavvvixevoi the stragglers : iv. 4. 9, 15 : vii. 6. 29. diro-o-KTjveto, 'qcro), or -(jktj'oui, waoj, to encamp at a distance from, iii. 4. 35. diro-p6v«, eixrco, (rdcppos) to trench off, complete a trench, vi. 5. 1. dTTO-Tetvw,* re^w, reraKa, pf. J9. r^- TafiaL, to stretch off, ex-tend, els, i. 8. 10. d7ro-T€ixtt*>> '''''*' "^5 rercixtfa, to wall off, build a wall to intercept, ii. 4. 4. diro-TCfJivto,* TepL,Q, r^T/xrjKa, 2 a. ere- fiov, a. jp. irix-qd-qv, to cut off, intercept, A. : diroTfi'qdevres rds KecpaXds beheaded, 481 : i. 10. 1 : ii. 6. 1 : iii. 1. 17 ; 4. 29. diro-TiOt^ixi,* Orjcru}, redeiKa, a. edrjKa {dCb, &c.), to put away, lay up, store, A., ii. 3. 15. diro-Ttvctf,* rfcrw, rerlKa, {ftvo} to pa^y) to pay back, or what is due, a. d, : M. to get pay from, take vengeance, requite, punish, A. : iii. 2. 6: vii. 6. 16. diro-TfJ,T]6€is, see dwo-refivot}, ii. 6. 1. jdiroTojAOS, oj', cut sharp off, precip- itous, iv. 1.2; 7. 2 ? diro-Tpeirft),* xpoi, r^rpocpa, 2 a. m. erpairofjiTjv, to turn off or back, trans. : M. to turn of, aside, or hack, intrans., iii. ^5. 1: vii'. 3. 7; 6. 11. dTro-Tp€x_», * dpafjLov/jLac, SedpdfxrjKa, 2 a. ebpaixov, to run off or hack, re- treat, return, v. 2. 6 : vii. 6. 5. diro-avQ}, TreipayKa, a. €(l)-qva, to show off or forth : M. to shoiv one's self or one's own ; appear; express, A. ; i. 6. 9 : v. 7. 12. diro-fcv'yw,* (peij^ofiai, irdcpevya, dir64>pa|i.s 18 dpi^-ycD 2 a. t(^vyov, to flee avmaj, escape, esp. through speed (cf. airo-btdpd(XKw), e/c, els, i. 4. 8: ii. 5. 7: iii. 4. 9 : iv. 2. 27. dird9pa^i'S, ecus, r;, (dTro-^pdrrw ^o fence off, ohstruct) obstruction, blockade, G., iv.'2. 25 s. diro-x.cjpeti), -^cra) or TjaofiaL, Kex^pv- Ka, to go back, retreat, return, i. 2. 9. diro-\|/T](|>(,^op.ai, IcrofMai lovfiat, e\py}- aorto"TO)S adv., {irpoipaai^o- fiat) wiiJiovi maMng excuses, prompt- ly, without hesitation, ii. 6. 10. diTTft),* a\\/bi, to fasten, kindle : M. to fasten one's self to, touch, engage in, G., i. 5. 10 : V. 6. 28. dir- a)X6 jxT]v, see dir-oKKvixi, i. 5. 5. dir-wv, see dir-eLixL (ei/Jii), ii. 5. 37. [dp-, toft, suit, please, itnite.] j.dpa* postpos. adv., a particle ex- pressing inference or relation, and often throwing force upon the pre- ceding word. It is variously trans- lated : accordingly, therefore, tJien, no2v, indeed, in truth ; it seems ; per- haps (as w. el or eav) ; i. 7. 18 : ii. 2. 3 ; 4. 6 : iv. 6. 15 ? 4.dpa * interrog.adv., (a stronger form of ctpa) indeed? surely? often not ex- pressed in Eng., except by the mode of utterance. "A/j* ov expects an af- firmative, and &pa [x-q a negative an- swer, iii. 1. 18 : vi. 5. 18 : vii. 6. 5. 'ApajSia, as, {"Apa\}/ Arab) Arabia, the great southwestern peninsula of Asia, so extensively desert, and most- ly occupied in ancient as in modern times by nomadic and predatory tiibes. Its limits on the north were not fixed, and Xenophon so extends them as to include a desert region beyond the Euphrates, i. 5. 1 : vii. 8. 25. *Apd|iis, ov, the Araxes, prob. the same with the Xa^dbpas, now Khabur (the Chebar, the scene of the prophet Ezekiel's sublime visions, Ezek. 1.1), the largest affluent of the Euphrates above its junction with the Tigris, i. 4. 19. opdrMj see atpo), v. 6. 33. 'ApPdKas, or*ApPdKt]s, ov, Arbacas or -ces, satrap of Media, and command- er of a fourth part of the army of Artaxerxes, i. 7. 12 : vii. 8. 25. 'Ap-ycios, ov, 6, {"Apyos) an Argive. Argos was the chief city of Argolis, the most eastern province of Pelopon- nesus ; and according to tradition was the oldest city in Greece. Its early importance was such that its name is applied by Homer, not only to the surrounding district, of which Myce- nae was the Homeric capital, but even to the whole Peloponnese ; and some- times the name 'ApyeioL, to the Greeks in general. Other cities afterwards so eclipsed and depressed it, that it played no great part either in Greek politics or civilization. In the Per- sian wars, it was inactive ; in domes- tic wars, as the Peloponnesian, it was generally inclined to side with the enemies of Sparta. It worshipped Hera (Juno) as its especial patroness. iv.2. 13, 17. dp^ds, ov, (contr. fr. a- e pry 6s, fr. tpyov) zoithout work, at ease, idle, iii. 2. 25. tdp-yvpfos, a, ov, contr. dpyvpovs, a, ovv (772 c), of silver, iv. 7. 27. tdp-yvpiov, ov, dim., silver in small pieces for money, silver-money, money, i. 4. 13 : ii. 6. 16 : iii. 2. 21. t dpyupd-irovs, 6 i}, g. -irodos, silver- footed, iv. 4. 21. [dp-yvpos, ov, 6, {dpfybs shining, white) silver.'] 'Ap7«, bos, 7], the Argo, the vessel, small in size but great in mythic fame, in which Jason with his band of fifty heroes sailed from lolcos in Thessaly to iEa in Colchis, in quest of the gold- en fleece, about a generation before the Trojan war, vi. 2. 1. dpSiiv adv., (atpu) [all taken up] altogether, wlwlly, quite, vii. 1. 12? &p8« (in Att. only pr. and ipf.) to water, irrigate. A., ii. 3. 13. dpeo-K6),*^ dpeaw, (dp-) to please, satisfy, suit, d., ii. 4. 2. \.dper'f\,TJs, goodness, excellence, virtue, magnanimity; good service, Trepi; esp. goodness in war (virtus), manhood^ valor, prowess, courage ; i. 4. 8 s : ii. 1. 12 s: iv. 7. 12. dprj-yw, Tj^w, ch. poet., (akin to dpK^w) to give aid or succor, esp. in war, i. 10. 5. 'Apr\^i(>iV 19 'Apu^vT] I'AptilCwv, covos, Aixxion, a sooth- sayer in the Cyrean army, from Par- rhasia in Arcadia, vi. 4. 13 ; 5. 2, 8. 'Apiaios, ov, Ariceus, chief com- mander under Cyrus of the barbarian troops, but treacherous to the Greeks after the battle of Cunaxa. He is mentioned as in command at Sardis, B. c. 395. i. 8. 5 ; 9. 31 : ii. 4. 1 s. apiOfjios, of;, 6, number; numbering, enumeration ; summary, total, whole extent, rrjs 68ov : i. 2. 9 ; 7.10: ii. 2. 6. Der. AKiTHMETic. From dp- ? *Api(rT-apxos, ov, Aristarchus, Spar- tan harmost at Byzantium, corrupt and cruel, vii. 2. 5 s, 12 s. — 2. See 'A/Jto-reas. dpio-rdo), yjaw, TjpicrTTjKa, (apiaroy q. V.) to breakfast, take the first or morning meal, iii. 3. 6 : iv. 3. 10. *ApidX€ia, as, safety, security, v. 7. 10^: vii. 6. 30. d-o-a\T|s, es, c. ecTTepos, s. eararos, {a(pdX\oj) not liable to fall, firm, safe, secure : iv do-0aXfi in a safe place or position, in safety : i. 8. 22: iii. 2. 19. &o-a\Tos, ov, 7], ASPHALT, bitumen, much used of old for mortar, ii. 4. 12. d(r4>a\a)s, C. iarepov, s. iiTrara, {d(T(f)a\rjs) safely, securely, i. 3. 11,19. aos, ov, un-buried, vi. 5. 6. are * (neut. pi. of the relative ocrre, used as an adv. of manner) jtist as, as ; w. P. , expressing cause and = in- asmuch as w. verb ; iv. 2. 13; 8. 27. dreXeia, as, {a-TeX-qs exempt from tax, fr. reXos) immunitas, exemption, immunity; dWrju nva a. some exemp- tion from other service, iii. 3. 18. tdTi|xd|a>, do-w, -qTifiaKa, to dishonor, disc/race, hold in dishonor. A., i. 1. 4. A-Tifios, ov, c, (TlfiTj) without ho7ior, dis-honored, in dis-honor, iv, vii. 7. 24, 46,^ 50. dT|xi^a>, IcTb), (aT/jLos vapor) to exhale or send up vapor, to steam, iv. 5. 15. 'ArpafJuviTTiov, ov, Adramyttium, a city in Mysia, at the head of the gulf bearing its name, and called by Strabo an Athenian colony: v.l.'Adpa/JUJTiov, 'Arpa/xijTeiov, &c. : vii. 8. 8. || Adra- miti or Edremit. d-Tpip-qs, es, (rpi^ri) without tvear, un-worn, untrodden, non tritus, iv. 2. 8 : vii. 3. 42. 'Attikos, -q, ov, {aKT-q) Attic, Athe- nian, i. 5. 6. afi post-pos. adv., again, hack, in respect either to time, or to the order or relations of the discourse (often w. be: 5' aS); further, moreover, on the other hand, in turn; i. 1. 7, 9s ; 6. 7; 10. 5, 11 : ii. 6. 7, 18. avaivo), avavCb, ch. poet. & Ion., {a\j(j3 to dry) to dry, trans. : M. (ipf. avaivj/XTju & ■qvaLvbfj.rjv, 278 d) to dry up, wither, intrans., ii. 3. 16 ? a-u6-aip€Tos, ov, [avros) self-chosen, se\f-elected, self-appointed, v. 7. 29. ai6-T](jL£p6v or av6TJp.€pov adv., {av- ros, -qfiepa) on the same day, iv.4.22s. a-£9is adv., (aS) again, hack; more- over, besides ; at another time, after- wards, hereafter ; i. 10. 10 : ii. 4. 5. av\€(o, ijo-w, (auXos) to play on a flute or other wind instrument : M. to ha.ve the flute pjlayed for ones self, 581, Trpos : vi. 1. 11 : vii. 3. 32. avXi^o|Jiai, i-aip€b>," aiprjacj, VPV^^^ 2 a. etXov, a. x>' VP^^V^i to take from or away, de- tach, A. : oftener M. to take to one's self /ro?/i another, take away; to rescue, from another ; to deprive or roh an- other of ; 2 A., A. G., 485 d : P. ^0 be taken away or rescued ; to he deprived of, A. : i. 3. 4 : iv. 4. 12 : vi. 5. 11 ; 6. 23, 26 s : vii. 2. 22. d-j{>avTJs, €s, (0atVw) not appearing, unseen, unobserved; out of sight, gone; secret, private, doubtful, little known; i. 4. 7: ii. 6. 28 : iv. 2. 4. 4.d^}>avi5cD, to-w tw, r}(f)dviKa, to make invisible, hide from view, annihilate, A., iii. 2. 11; 4. 8. d!()-apird^a),* dcrw or d£i8(os, c. earepov, s. earara, (d- (petbrjs, fr. (peibo/jiai to sptare) unspar- ingly, without mercy, i. 9. 13 : vii. 4. 6. d^-€iKa, -eifiai, -civat, -€is, see dcfy-irjixi. d(|>-6iX.6n7]v, -eXctfv, see dcp-atpeo}. d!|)-€'|£ar9ai, see dTr-e'xa;, ii. 6. 10. d<|)-6o-TT]Ka, -€-l-T]YE0)j.ai, Tjyrjcrofiai, T]y7},uaL, to lead off in conversation, relate, tell, D. CP., vii. 2. 26. d<})-i?|o-ci), -"HKa, see d^-iy\}XL, v. 4. 7. td<{>6ovia, as, abundance, i. 9. 15. d-(|>6ovos, or, c, {dbvoi) without grudging, bounteous; of land, fertile; abundant, copious, plentiful; iii. 1. 19 : V. 6. 25 : ev dcpdbuoLS amid abun- dant supplies, in abundance, iii. 2. 25 ; h irdaiv d(f>d6voLS in [all things abun- dant] great abundance, iv. 5. 29 : iv d(/)dov(aT€pois [sc. TrXotots] m vessels more abundantly p^^ovided, or in a more abundant supply or greater num- ber oftlvem, V. 1. 10, d<^-tT]|ii,* i^trw, dKa, a. -^/ca (cD, &c.), pf, p. dfiat, to send off, away, or back; to dismiss, let go, allow to depart, suf- fer to escape ; to let loose, set free, re- lease, give up ; to let flow, as water ; to let sink or drop, as anchors ; i, 3. 19 : ii. 2. 20 ; 3. 13, 25 : iii. 5. 10. dt})-tKV60(i.ai,* 'i^o/MLi, lyfiai, 2 a. IkS- ix-qv, (t'/ccu), to arrive, reaxh, come to, or return to, from another place, D. et's, 7rp6s,&c.,i.^l.5; 2.4,12; 5.4: iii. 1.43. d(f>-iir'ir€va>, evau), (I'ttttos) to ride away or back, i. 5. 12. dt^-ta-TT][it,* arrjffCi}, effTrjKa, 2 a. €(TT7]v, f. pf. €(TTr}^o), to withdraw (trans.), alienate from, A. dirb, vi. 6. 34 : M., w. act. complete tenses and 2 a., to standoff or aloof, forsake, de- sert, revolt from, go over to another, withdraw or retire (intrans.), 6., irpos, els : i. 1. 6s : ii. 6. 27. Der, apostate. &(j>-oSos, ov, i), (655s) a [way back or off] retreat, departure, iv. 2. 11. d4)povTi, iqcro}, (d-(f)p6vTi(7Tos Jieedless, fr. (ppouTi^oo) to be heedless of or indifferent to, neglect, make light of, G.,^v. 4. 20: V. I. dfjieXeoj. tdtj>po.(ruvT], 77s, folly, infatuationy want of consideration, v. 1. 14. d-(f>pa>v, ov, g. ovos, {(pp-^v mind) without understanding, senseless, fool- ish, infatuated, delirious, iv. 8. 20. t d<}>v\aKTea), •^o-o;, to be off one's guard, vii. 8. 20. d-<|>v\aKTOS, ov, {((>v\d(Ta(X)) un- guarded, ii. 6. 24 : v. 7. 14. 4.dvXdKTa)s, unguardedly, v. 1. 6. 'Axaids, ov, an Achcean, a man of Achaia, the hilly province on the north of the Peloponnese, along the Corinthian Gulf. In the early his- tory of Greece, .the Achfcans were so dominant a race that the name most frequently applied by Homer to the Greeks in general is 'Axatot. On the conquest of their old seats in the axapio-TOs 24 Pap^apiKos Peloponnese by the Dorians, many of the Achseans retired to the northern shore, expelling from it, it is said, Ionian settlers, and giving to it their own name. Here they formed a con- federacy of twelve cities, none of which attained any great power or distinc- tion. For a long time, the Achseans took little part in the general affairs of Greece, remaining for the most part neutral in the great contests, whether foreign or internal. In a later period of its history, the Achaean League be- came eminent. The Arcadians and Achffians constituted more than haK of the Greek army of Cyrus, i. 1. 11. d-xaptCTOS, ov, {xapL^ofiai) without grace or thanks : of things, unphas- ing, disagreeable ; unrewarded : of persons, ungrateful, els : X^7ets ovk axo-picrra you speak [things not Avith- out grace] quite rhetorically or enter- tainingly : i. 9. 18 : ii. 1. 13 ? vii. 6. 23. Idxctpio-Tws adv., without thanks, gratitude, or reward; ungratefully ; ii. 3. 18 : vii. 7. 23. &-Xapis, £, g. LTos, or d-xof i-TOS, o<', (xa/)is) = dxapto'T'os, ii. 1. 13 ? *Ax€pov, eucrw, to be king, to reign, G. : a;5 ^aai\€V(TovTL [as about to reign] as the future king : i, 1. 4 ; 4. 18. ipao-iXiKos, 7], bv, s., relating to or fit for a king, kingly, royal, the king's, i, 9. 1 : ii. 2. 12, 16. Der. basilica. pd(rip.o;, ov, {(Saivu}) passable (for a horse), iii. 4. 49. PttTos, 'n, ov, i^aivu}) passable, D,, iv. 6. 17. P€Paios, a, ov, (^aivb)) standing firm, Jirm, constant, i. 9. 30. iPePaidtD, ioau), to make firm, confirtn, make good, fulfil, complete, a. d., vii. 6.17. P^Pt^kus, see ^alvo}, iii. 2. 19. BsXccrus, vos, Belesys, satrap of Syria, i. 4. 10 : v. I. BeXeais, los. PcXos, eos, TO, (/SdXXoj) a missile, iii. 3. 16 : iv. 3. 6 ; 8. 11. PeXTtwv,* ov, PcXtio-tos, t), ov, (jSeXr-, akin to l34\os ?) better, best, as c. and s. to dyadbs q. v. ; braver, nobler, more expedient or advantageous, &c. ; i. 1. 6 : ii. 2. 1 ; 5. 41 : iii. 3. 5. p-q^ia, aros, to, (jSaij'w) a step, pace, iv. 7. 10. Pia, as, vis, force, violence : ^la w. G. , ill spite of or despite : i, 4. 4 : iii. 4. 12 : vi. 6. 25 : vii. 8. 17. 4. pkd^OjJLai, daoixac, ^e^iaa/xai, to use force, force ones loay ; to force or com- LEX. AN. 2 pel, A. I. ; to force back, A. ; i. 3. 1 s ; 4. 5 : vii. 8. 11. iP^aios, a, ov, violent : ^iaibv ri [sc. Trpdy/xa] any violent act or violence : V. 5. 20 : vi. 6. 15. ll.^iai* Pp^^^ !•» a. p. ipp^x^rfv, to wet. A., i. 4: 17 : iii. 2. 22 : iv. 5. 2. PpovrVj, ^s, thunder, iii. 1. 11. PpwTos, 7), ov, {pL^pu})j.6s, ov, 6, {^aivto) a raised place, esp. for sacrifice ; an altar, whether of rude stones or earth, or of elaborate workmanship. Altars were common places of refuge, i. 6. 7 : iv. 8. 28. r. yaXi\vr], rjs, (akin to yeXdco ?) a [smile upon the sea ?J calm, v. 7. 8. Der. GALENA. tYajxeft),* ya/xu}, yeydfirjKu, to onarTy (of the man) : M. to marry or be mar- ried (of the Avoman), iv. 5. 24. "yd|j.os, ov, 6, marriage, wedlock : iiri yd/x({) [on terms of marriage] in rdvos 27 Yi-yvojJiai, marriage, as Ms icife, ii. 4. 8. Der. POLY- GAMY. rdvos, ov, 7}, Ganus, a small town of Thrace, on the west shore of the Propontis, vii. 5. 8. |! Ganos. ydp* post-pos. conj., {ye apa at least in accordance with this) a particle commonly marking the accordance between a /ac^, statement, &;c., and! its ground or reason, explanation or specification, confirmation, &c. It is commonly translated for ; but some- times since, as, or because (as a causal conj.), that or nainely (in specifica- tion), indeed or certainly (in explana- tion or confirmation), then, now, &c. ; 1. 2. 2; 7. 4: ii. 3. 1; 5.11: iii. 1. 24. It often occurs in elliptic construc- tion (as in questions, replies, &c., i. 6. 8 ; 7. 9 : ii. 5. 40); and may frequent- ly be either explained as a conj. by supplying an ellipsis, or as an adv. without doing so : dXXa yap at enim, &2i^ (enough, no more, not so, no, &c.,) for, or hut indeed, yet indeed, iii. 2. 25 s, 32 : Kal yap etenim, and (this the rather, &c. , ) because, or for indeed, and indeed, for even, i, 1. 6, 8 : ii. 2. 15 : Kol yap odu and (this is apparent, for) therefore, and consequently, ac- cordingly] i. 9. 8, 12, 17 : ii. 6. 13. ■yao-TTip,* repos, sync, rpos, i], the belly, abdomen, paunch, stomach, ii. 5. 33 : iv. 5. 36. Der. gastric. -yavXiKos or ya-uXiTiKos, r), ov, (^a\j- Xos a round-built freighting vessel) pertaining to a yauXos : y. x/OTj/xara cargoes of freighting vessels, v. 8. 1. ravXLTT]s, ov, GauUtes, an exile from Samos, faithful to Cyrus, i. 7. 5. ■ye,* a post-pos. and end. adv. giv- ing emphasis or force, more frequent- ly to the preceding word, or to a word or clause which this introduces, and often with an associate idea of restric- tion or limitation ; quidem, at least, indeed, even, surely, certainly; but often expressed in Eng. simply by emphasis ; i. 3. 9, 21 ; 6. 5 : ii. 5. 19 : 76 Stj [surely now] indeed, iv. 6. 3 : yk fiePTOL, ye p-rju, certainly at least, and or biit certainly, onor cover, i. 9. 14, 16, 20 : ii. 3. 9. i 7€"yevT]|x,at, -ye-yova, see yiyvop^ac, i. 6.8. •yfeCTwv, ovos, 6 i], (yrj) a neighbor, D. or G., ii. 3. 18: iii. 2. 4. 7€Xdii>, aaofiaL, a. iyeXaaa, to laugh, smile, iiri, ii. 1. 13 : v. 4. 34. l^eXoios or "yeXotos, a, ov, laughable, ridiculous, v. 6. 25 : vi. 1. 30. lYeXws, oJTos, 6, laughter, i. 2. 18. l-yeXctfTO-iroids, ou, 6, {iroLeoj), a laugh- ter-maker, jester, buffoon, vii. 3. 33. 7e|i.w, only in pr. and ipf. , to be full of or stored ivith, G., iv. 6. 27. ■yeved, as, {yev- in yiypofiai.) birth : d-rro 7ei'eas from birth, of age, ii. 6. 30. Der. GENEA-LOGY. ■yeveidft), tfcrw, {yeveiov chin) to have a beard or be bearded, ii. 6. 28. 7€veo-6ai, yivoi\i.ii\v, 7€VT|(ronai, &c., see ylyvoixat, i. 6. 8 ; 9. 1 : iii. 1. 13. tYevva.t6Tt]s, tjtos, 17, {yewalos of good birth) nobleness, generosity, vii. 7. 41. 76VOS, eos, TO, {yev- in yiyvofiai) ge- nus, birth, descent, race, i. 6. 1. yepaios, d, 6v, c. airepos, {yep- in yepwv) old, V. 7. 17. 7£pdvTLov, ov, TO, (dim. fr. yepcjv) a feeble old man, vi. 3. 22. 7€ppov, ov, an oblong shield of wicker-work, comm. covered with ox- hide, and sometimes strengthened with metallic plates, much used by the Asiatics ; a wicker -shield, ii. 1. 6. 4Y6ppo-<})6pos, ov, 6, {(pepcj) a wicker- shield-bearer, a soldier with a wicker- shield, i. 8. 9. ■yepwv, ovTos, b, (cf. yrjpas) an old man, iv. 3. 11 : vii. 4. 24. Ygvw, yeixTw, to make one taste : M. gusto, to taste, G., i. 9. 26: iii. 1. 3. 7€<|>vpa, as, a bridge, whether firm or floating, i. 2. 5 ; 7. 15 : vi. 5. 22. t7€£d8T]s, es, {elbos) earthy, vi. 4. 5. •yfi, 777s, (contr. fr. yea) earth, land, country, ground, i. 1. 7 ; 5. 1 ; 8. 10 : iii. 2. 19. Der. ge-ology, George. l7T|ivos, ov, made of earth, earthen, vii. 8. 14. J.'yT|-^o4*°S, ov, 6, {\6(pos) an eleva- tion of earth, hill, eminence, height, i. 5. 8 ; 10. 12: iii. 4. 24 s. Yfjpas, aos, to, (cf. yipcav) old age, advanced age, iii. 1. 43. Yi-yvop-at,* Ion. or later •ytvofiai, yevqaoixai, yeyevrj/mai & 2 pf. yeyova, 2 a. eyevofi-qv, (cf. gigno) to come to be (more briefly translated be or come), become, get (intrans.); to take jjlace, happen, occur, result {h,v ed yevrjTaL if it come out well, if the result be fa- vorable, i. 7. 7); to come to be in a place, yiYV(aa-KoC gy, hairy, with the hair on : to dac^ the thicket : ii. 4. 14 : iv. 7. 6 s, 22. Aa(f>v-aY6pas, ou, Daphnagoras, a guide sent by Hellas, vii. 8. 9. 8a\{/i.XTJSy €S, (SdTTTw) abundant, in abundance, plentiful, ample, iv. 2. 22. 86 * distinctive conj. and adv., post- pos., but, and; yet, however ; on the other hand, on the contrary; also, further, moreover ; sometimes trans- lated while, for, or, then (as after a conditional clause, v. 6. 20), now, in- deed, even, or omitted in translation ; i. 1. 1 s : iv. 5. 4 : v. 7. 6 : vi. 6. 16 : /cat . . be and [not only so, but] also, and indeed, and even, i. 1. 2 ; 5. 9 ; 8. 2 : ovbe . . 8e nor yet further, nor in- deed, nor even, i. 8. 20. Ae (to which fj.h' corresponds) is the common par- ticle of contradistinction, intermediate in its force between the copulative /cat and, and the adversative aXkd but. Kai adds without implying distinc- tion ; while de implies some distinc- tion, and dXXd not only distinction, but even opposition. See fieu, 6. [-Se* an inseparable end. particle, denoting direction towards, affixed in demonstratives, and also as a prep, to accusatives to form adverbs of place.] ZiSia & SeSoiKa, see deidio : i. 3. 10. SeSoyp-ai, see doKeoj, iii. 2. 39. SdSoixai, see didujM, i. 4. 9. 8€T]0f]vai,8€T|LS, iJ'os, 6, a dolphin, v. 4. 28. A€X<}>ot, Qv, 01, Delphi, a small city of Phocis, famed for the natural sub- limity and beauty of its situation overhung by the cliffs of Mt. Parnas- sus, and for its temple and oracle of Apollo, the most celebrated in the world. It was the seat of the Pythian games, and one of the two places for the meeting of the Amphictyonic council ; and was accounted by the Greeks the central point of the earth. It abounded in consecrated gifts and works of the choicest and richest art ; and here several states, as the Athe- nians, Corinthians, &c., had sacred treasuries, esp. for the keeping of such gifts as should not stand in the open air. Its oracle was finally silenced by the emperor Theodosius in his general prohibition of Pagan worship, A. D. 390. V. 3. 5; vi. 1. 22. HKastri. ScvSpov 31 8t]\6o) 8^v8pov, * ov, (dat. pi. dhdpots or 5tV- 8pea-L, iv. 7. 9; 8. 2), a tree, i. 2. 22. St'lao-Gai, -o(i.ai, &c., see dexo/J-ai. t8e|t6o|Jtai, ibao;j,ai, to give the right hand to another, welcome, greet, con- gratulate, vii. 4. 19. 8€|i6s, a, ov, (akin to dexofji-ai and SeiKvv/xi, from the use of the right hand in taking and pointing) dexter, right in distinction fr. left, on the right (the auspicious side in Greek augury, as the left in Eoman) : ij Septet [sc. xeip] the right hand, often used, as now, in greeting, and also in solemn assevera- tion ; hence, a pledge or solemn as- surance, esp. of friendship or peace ; ev de^ia, on the right {hand), G. : to 8e^iov [sc. Kepas, fxepos, &c.] the right (wing) of an army (a position of spe- cial honor), the right side or part (so TO. de^LO.), the right; eirl 5e^i.d to or 07i the right : i. 2. iS ; 5. 1 ; Q.6; 8.4 s, 13 : ii. 4. 1: iv. 3.17: vi. 1. 23; 4. 1. Ae'l-iiriros, ov, Dexipjnis, a Laconi- an, prob. a lochage in the division of Clearchus, faithless and slanderous, V. 1. 15 : vi. 1. 32 ; 6. 5. AepK\)\[X]t8as, ov, Dercijl[r\idas, a Spartan general of great ability (sur- named Sisyphus from his varied re- sources), under whom as the successor of Thibron, the Cyreans, after their return, served against the Persians. He had previously commanded for the Spartans in the region of the Helles- pont (sent out B. c. 411). Plutarch informs us, that his generalship did not secure him from insult at Sparta for being unmarried, v. 6. 24. 8£p|J.a, aros, rb, (Sepw to flay) the sTcin stripped off, hide, i. 2. 8 : iv. 8. 26. j.8£p|jLdTivos, T?, ov, of skin, leathern; dep/xaTivr) [sc. dairis or TreXTrf] a buck- ler of leather or skin, iv. 7. 26 ? Aepv-qs, ov or eos, Dernes, satrap of Arabia, vii. 8. 25. t8€cr|X£i)0), evaw, to chain or tie up, A., V. 8. 24? 8e(r|j.6s, ov, 6, (5^w to hind) a hand, strap, yoke-strap, iii. 5. 10. 86(nr6TT]s, ov, (cf. Lat. potis) a mas- ter, lord, ii. 3. 15. Der. despot. Scvpo adv., hitJicr, here, i. 3. 19. 8cvT€pos, a, ov, (c. form fr. 5i;o,376c) second : devrepov or rb bevrepov, as adv., tlie second time : i. 8. 16 : ii. 2. 4: iii. 4. 28. Der. deutero-nomy. 86XOH'**''»* Si^ofiai, dedeypiaL, to re- ceive, accept, take what is offered ; to receive hospitably, admit, vjelcome {ol- Kia dex^cGoLL to receive [with] into one's house, vii. 2. 6); to receive an enemy, to meet or await his charge or attack (ets xeipas dex^o'dai- to receive an enemy hand to hand, to vieet him in close combat, iv.3.31); A. els, eiri : i. 8. 17; 10. 6, 11: iv. 5. 32: v. 5. 2 s, 19 s. 860),* drjcro:, 5e5e/ca, pf. p. 5e5ep.ai, to bind, tie, fasten, A., iii. 4. 35 ; 5. 10 : iv. 3. 8 ; 6. 2. Der. dia-dem. 8ea),* deriaw, BedeTjKa, Si.p. as w. edei^- dr}v, to need, want, lack, g. i. ; as av- Tov oXiyov SerjcravTOS KaraXevadrjvac when he had wanted little [to be] of being stoned to death, had narrowly escaped or come near this, i. 5. 14; TToXXou 8ecv to lack much of, be far from, vii. 6. 18 : — M.to need for one's self, stand in need of, want, requirCy desire ; to beg, entreat, beseech, ask, request; G. I. fA.), A. of neut. pron. ; i. 1. 10 ; 2. 14 • 3. 4 ; 4. 14s : virb rod deiadai by want or poverty, ii. 6. 13. — Impers. 8€i(5e7;, 5eot, 8dv, Mov, f. hei\- aet, a. ede-rja-e) there is need of, G. ; there is need that, it is necessary, due, or propter, it behooves (often translated personally by must or ought, am obliged., &c.), i. (a., r. D., iii. 4. 35): ovdev {rl, ri, o tl) Set, there is no (some, any, &c.) need (adv. ace. or of spec, need as to nothing, &c., ii. 4. 7: iii. 4. 23) : TO 5eov the thing needed or jyro]}- er : els to 8eov satisfactorily : ws deij- (Tov as it ivould be necessary (pt. abs., V. 2. 12) : i. 3. 5 s, 8 : iii. 2. 28, 33, 36. 8t| * post-pos. adv., (5e) indeed, truly, surely, forsooth, even, accord- ingly, of course, just, so, then, now, pray. It is also translated by other strengthening words, or sometimes by emphasis only. i. 1. 4 ; 2. 3 s ; 9. 28 s. 8fjXos, T), ov, evident, manifest, plain, clear : briXov {icrTiv) it is evident : by personal constr. for impers., §77X05 fjv dvLojfxevos it was manifest that he was grieved, or he was manifestly grieved (so often w, a pt., 573, i. 2. 11 ; 5. 9 : cf. V. 2. 26): brjXov otl parenthetically, also written drjXovoTL as an adv., [it is evident that] evidently : i. 3. 9 : ii. 3. 1, 6 : iii. 2. 26, 34. 4.8i]X6a), c6craj, deSrjXufKa, to manifest, show, make evident ; to set forth, relate, STiixaYWY^'^ 32 8ia^£V'yvv|Jii declare; A., cp. d., wpos: i. 9. 28: ii. 1.1; 2. 18 (eSTjXojcre tovto this shoioed itself, became evide7it, 577c; or he showed this); 5. 26 : vii. 7. 35. 8T)|x-a-Yb>-y€(d, rjaia, {dijfx-ayuryds a DEMAGOGUE, drj/iios, dyw) to play the demagogue or airry favor with, win hy jjopular arts, A., vii. 6. 4. AT](JL-dpdTos, 01;, Demardtus, v. I. for Aafxdparos, ii. 1. 3 : vii. 8. 17. AT]|j.o-KpdTT]s, eos, Democrates, a Temenite, a trusty scout, iv. 4. 15. AT]}io(r-d8t]s, V. I. for M.rjboffdbirjs. [8f]|j,os, ou, 6, i^c people, the com- mons. Der. DEMO-CRACY.] 4.8T)|jLd(rios, a, ov, belonging to the people, being public property : rd 5??- fioaia the public money : iv. 6. 16. 8T|d, see 5ew, ^0 Jmc^. 8T]xdc£S) see Bclkvcj, iii. 2. 18. 8id,* by apostr. di, prep. w. G. and A., (akin to dijo and Lat. dis-) through : more literally, w. Gen. (of place, time, means, manner, &c.), i. 2. 5 : ii. 5. 21 s : iv. 6. 22 : dia rax^wv through quick measures, rapidly, i. 5. 9 : avrois 5ta 0tXias t'eVat to go to them through the way of friendship, to seek their friend- ship, did iravTos ToXe/xov avrois levaL to ivage utter icar with them, iii. 2. 8 : 5td TeKovs through the completion, throughout, vi. 6. 11 : — w. Ace, cau- sal, through the influence, agency, or aid of; on account of, by reason of, for the sake of, for, through; i. 2. 8 ; 7.5s: vii. 7. 7, 49 s. In compos., through (of place, time, completion, &c.); apart, asunder, about, abroad, denoting di- vision or distribution, cf. Lat. dis-. Ala, Alt, Aids, see Zei/s, i. 7. 9. 8ia-PaLva>,^ p-qaofxai, ^i^-qKa, 2 a. ^^rjv, to go or pass through, over, or across, to cross. A., bid : to step apart, stride, straddle: i. 2. 6; 4. 14s : iv. 3. 8. 8ia-Pd\Xti>,* /3aXu), ^efiXrjKa, 2 a. ^^a\ov, to pierce with words like darts, to caluinniate, traduce, sla.nder, accuse or state falsely or maliciously, insinu- ate, A., AE., irpbs, a>s, i. 1. 3 : vii. 5. 8. t8idpa 2 a. -^'7070?', to lead or carry through or across, bring over, transport, A. ; to pass time, A. ; without an ace. expressed, to jt>as5 the time, live, continue, be constantly, P. ; i. 2. 11 : ii. 4. 28 : iii. 1. 43 ; 5. 10. Si-a'ytdvC^op.ai, Iffojjuan lovfiai, rjyu)- vLO-fj-ai, to contend throughout or con- stantly, irpbs, iv. 7. 12. 8ia-86XO(Ji.ai, Si^ofiai, d^deyfiai, to re- ceive one from another through a line, to relieve one another, succeed, i. 5. 2. 8ia-8i8a>fJ.i,'^ diva-cj, dediOKa, a. ^Sco/ca (5cD, 5oir]v, &c.), to dis-tribute, A. D. I., i.9.22; 10.18: v. 8.7: vii. 7. 56. 8id8oxos, ov, 6, {5La-d€xo/J.ai) a suc- cessor, D., vii. 2. 5. 8ia-^€W"yvv|Jti,* ^€v^of,^^€vxal.,Tpf.p. ^(^evyfiai, to un-yoke, disunite, sepa- rate, A. dirb, iv. 2. 10. SiaOedofiat 2 8ia-6€do(iai, daofiai, reO^d/xai, to look through, observe, consider, CP. G. of theme, iii. 1. 19. 8i-ai9pid^(i), dcrw, {aidpia) dis-sere- nasco, to he clearing urp or away [the clouds dispersing, hence 5td], iv. 4. 10 : V. I. , rjo-o}, dediaKourjKa, (did-KOVos a waiter, one who goes through the dust, /covts • or akin to Stw/cw) to wait upon, serve, iv, 5. 33. 8ta-K6TrT«,* ko^j/o}, K^Kocpa, 2 a. p. iKOTTTjv, to cut through or in pieces, break through, A., i. 8. 10 : iv. 8. 11. 8idK6(rioi, at, a, {8is, eKarov) two hundred, i. 2. 9. 8ia-Kptva),* KpXvQ), KeKpcKa, to judge between, decide, vi. 1. 22. 8ta-Xa'yx.dva),* Xrj^ofMai, etXrixa, 2 a. ^Xaxov, to divide, assigii, or take by lot, to allot, A., iv. 5. 23. 8ia-X.anPdvttf,* Xrjipofiai, etXrjipa, 2 a. ^Xa^ov, to take apart, separate, divide; to take severally, each his share ; A.; iv. 1. 23 : v. 3. 4. 8ia-X6Yop.ai, * Xe^ofiai, eiXeyfiai, iXe- X^V^i to share the talk, converse, con- fer, or treat with, D., wpos, ae., Trepi, i. 7. 9 : iv. 2. 18 s. Der. dialogue. 8ia-Xci'ira),* Xeti/zw, XeXoiira, 2 a. ^At- TTov, to leave an iiiterval, to he or stand apart or at intervals, be distant, a. airb : rb diaXeiirov tlie interval : i. 7. 15; 8. 10 : iv. 7. 6 ; 8. 12 s. 8i-aftapTdv,* aixapT-qaoiiai, ijudp- TTjKa, 2 a. rifiaprov, to stray apart Ivoxa., fail to find, miss, g., vii. 4. 17. 8ia-|idxop.ai,* xecro^at %oG/xat, p-e- fia,xvi^<^h to fight [through] hard, con- tend or resist earnestly or obstinately, D., I., irepi, V. 8. 23 ; t). 25 ? vii. 4. 10. LEX. AN. 2* $ SiappCirrw 8ta-(i.evw,* p.ev(a, jxepAvqKa, to remain through, still remain, vii. 1. 6 : v. 4. 22? 8i,a-p.€Tpe6), Tjcrw, ^o distribute by measure, measure out, A. d., vii. 1. 40 s. 8i-a(i.irep£S (for dc-ava-irepes fr. ireipoj to pierce) ch. Ep., quite through, adv., or as prep. w. A., iv. 1. 18 : vii. 8. 14. 8ta-V€ji.«,* vep.Q, vevefirjKa, a. eveifia, to distribute, apportion, a. d., vii. 5. 2. 8ia-vo€Ofxai, riaofjuti, vevorj/nai., a. e^o- ^^771/, to dis-pose one's thoughts, pro- pose, purpose, design, intend, i., ae., ii. 4. 17: v. 7. 15 : vi. 1.19: vii. 7. 48s. |8idvoia, as, a design, intent, purpose, project, V. 6. 31. 8ia-TravTds adv., or 8id iravrds, through everything, throughout, vii. 8. 11. 8ia-'Tr€fJL'7rw,* tt^/x^w, TreVo/a^a, to send about or round, A., i. 9. 27. 8ta-Tr€pdft), cCo-oj, TreTrepd/ca, ^0 ^ass through, cross. A., iv. 3. 21 ? 8ia-7rX€ or pnrTew,* pt'i^w, ^ppi- 0a, to throiv about, scatter. A., v. 8. 6. c 8idppi\|/is 34 Siaxwp^o) j8idppi\)/is, ews, 7], a throwing about, scattering, v. 8. 7. 8ia-€v8ovd«, rjcrot}, to sling or throic in all directions, iv. 2. 3. 8id-(rx'», - cD, rereXeKa, to fin- ish through or entirely, complete, A. : w. A. understood (476. 2) to finish the way, complete the distance ; to fill up the time, to continue, be continually or constantly, p. : i. 5. 7 : iii. 4. 17 : iv. 3. 2 ; 5. 11. 8ia-Tif|Kc»),* 6p€\poj,T€Tpo(f)a, 2 a,, p. erpd^rtv, to feed through, nourish, sustain. A., iv. 7. 17. t8ia-TpiPTJ, T^s, delay, vi. 1. 1. 8ia-Tpfp«, Tpl\p(j3, T€Tpt(pa, to rub through, wear away, waste, pass or spend time, A.; w. A. understood, to spend the time, delay, tarry j i. 5. 9 : ii. 3. 9: iv. 6. 9: vii. 2. 3. 8ia-aiva>,* ayKa, to show through : M. to appear or shine through, V. 2. 29 : 2 a. jiJ. irapers. SiecpduT) [it] the light shone through, vii. 8. 14. |8ia({>ava)s {8iaepovTb)s surpassingly, pre-emi- nently, peculiarly, i. 9. 14. 8ia-<|>€pc«),*' o'iao},evi']voxa, a.ijveyKa or -ov, dif-fero, to dif-fer from, surpass, excel, G. AE., i^ • impers. w. i., 8Le(f)epev dXe^aadai it was differeyit or easier to repel; or by pers. constr., diecpepou dXe^aadat they tvere [different] better able, or found it easier to rejjcl, 573 ; ii. 3. 15 : iii. 1. 37 ; 4. 33 : oi irorafioi dcoL(roveiJ'Y(«), * (pev^o/mai, Tre0€£pw,* (f)depC), ^(pOapKa, 2 a. j!?.* evXdTT, d^w, irecpiiXaxo,, to guard throughout : if. to take care or exercise precaution throughout, AE. ws, vii. 6. 22 ? 8ta-xd^«,* (xdfw to drive back, ch. Ep.) to draw apart, separate, intrans., iv. 8. 18 ? 8ia-x€i'|J>'d^», d>p^co, rjiyoj, Kcx^^pv^o.} io 90 or W07'Jc through : impers. Kdrw diex^pet auToHs they had a diarrhxa, iv. 8. 20. SiSdo-KoXos < t8i8d(rKaXo<;, ou, 6, a teacher, ii. 6. 12. StSdo-KO),* d^w, de5idaxf^, to teach, instruct, inform, a. CP., i.: P. to he taught, learn : i. 7. 4 : ii. 5. 6 : iii. 3. 4 ; 4. 32 : vi. 5. 18. Der. didactic. 8t8T]fji.i,* ch. Ep., a prolonged form of 5fw to hind, q. v. ; v. 8. 24. 8i8w}ii,* dd)(T(i}, dedojKa, a. ^5w/ca (5cD, &c.), pf. ^. didofiai, a. ^^., idodrjv, Lat. do, ^0 g^iye, grant, hestow, a. d., i. 1. 6, 8s; 2. 12, 27 : dodr^vat aury ado^eiv that it should be granted to him to save, the privilege of saving, 663 b, ii. 3. 25 ; cf. vii. 3. 13. Der. dose. 8i-cPaivov, -ePT]v, see 5ia-^aivu). 8t-eYev6(ATjv, see dLa-yiyvo/xaL, ii. 6. 5. 8i-ctp7a>,* etp^uj, to intercept (sc. au- ToOs), intervene, iii. 1. 2. 8t-€txov, see 5t-e%w, i. 8. 17. 8t-€Xavvw,* eXdcroi} eXQ, e\7^Xa/ca, a. TJXaora, to ride, drive, or charge, through, i. 5. 12 ; 10. 7 : ii. 3. 19. 8i-e\0civ, -eXrjXvBa, see 8(.-4pxofiat. 8i-€Xwv, see 5t-aipew, ii. 4. 22. 8i-€|-6pxo}Jiai, * eXevaoixai, eXrjXvda, 2 a. fjXdov, to come out through, els, vi. 6. 38 ? 8i-6pxop.ai,* eXeixTOjxai., eXrjXvda, 2 a. TjXdov, to go or cowze through, pass or march through, cross, A., 5td : of a rumor, to go abroad, spread : i. 4. 7 : ii. 4. 12 : iv. 1. 3, 5 ; 5. 22 : v. 4. 14. 8i-EpcDTdci), to appeal to, v. I. for epui- TOLCJ, iv. 1. 26. 8i-€crirdpdai, see dca-a-jreipoj, ii. 4. 3. 8i-exci), * e^w, icrxw^j ipf- ^ ^XOj', 2 a. ^(Txov, [to have one's self apart] to he apart, OAstant, or separated, to diverge, G., dTTo : TO diexov, the intervening space, interval: i. 8. 17: iii. 4. 22. 8i.-T]'YE0|j.ai, TjcrofjLaL, TJyrjfjLai, to lead through a story, to relate or state in detail, narrate, a., iv. 3. 8 : vii. 4. 8. 8i-T|Xao-a, see hi-eXavvw, i. 10. 6. 8i-fjX0ov, see hL-epxoii.0.1, i. 4. 7. 8i-iT]p,i,* r)70i, eiKa, a. ■^/ca (cD, &c.), to send through, jJer-mit to go through, let pass, A. did, iii. 2. 23 ? iv. 1. 8. 8i-io-TT](j,i,* arrjao}, ea-rrjKa, 2 a. ^(tttjv, to station apart : i/., w. pf. and 2 a. act., to stand apart, he stationed at in- tervals, open the ranks, i. 5. 2 ; 8. 20. 8L:9€pa, as, {5€06pivos, 77, ov, made of skins, leathern, ii. 4. 28. 8i-pos, ov, 6, (dis, (t>ip, daoj, {doKifios accepted on proof, fr. dexofiai) to approve on ex- amination, iii. 3. 20. 8dXios, a, ov, (doKos) deceitful^ treacherous, perfidious, i. 4, 7 ? 8dXixos, ov, 6, the long race, pro- tracted to several miles, by an exten- sion of the course, or a repetition of it, iv. 8. 27. 8dXos, ov, 6, dolus, a wile, fraud, deceit, treachery, v, 6. 29. A6Xo\|/, OTTOS, 6, a Dolopian. The Do- lopes were a rude but hardy tribe, living on both sides of the southern range of Mt. Pindus. i. 2. 6. t8d|a, 7/s, opinion, expectation; repu- tation, credit, glory, ets : ii. 1. 18 : vi. 1. 21 ; 5. 14. Der, oktho-doxy. j8o|d5ti>, daw, to commend, extol. A., vi. 1. 32 ? 86|as, 8d|«, see So/rew, i. 3. 20 ; 4. 15. 8opdTiov, ov, TO, (dim. of 86pv) a short sjyear, of special use in carr}'ing booty or baggage, yet also used as a weapon, vi. 4. 23. 8opKds, dSos, i], [depKOfxai, pf. dedop- Ka, to look keenly) a small, swift, and beautiful antelope, so named from the lustre of its eye, a gazelle, i. 5. 2 : v. 3. 10. Hence prop, name Dorcas. 8opirT](rT6s, ov, or 86pin]dpos, ov, 6, {(pepw) a spear- hearer, spear-man, a forager carrying a spear, v. 2. 4 : cf. dopdriov. tSovXeia, as, slavery, servitude, bond- age, subjection, vii. 7. 32. tSovXevo), evcrcj, dedovXevKU, to be a slave, iv. 8. 4. SovXos, ov, 6, (5ea> to bind) a slave, bondman, bond- servant ; under an ab- solute government, a subject; i. 9. 15, 29 : ii. 5. 32,^ 38 : iii. 1. 17. Sovvai, 8ovs, see 5ibu3p,L, i. 2. 12. t8ov7r€«,* Tja-w, dedovva, ch. Ep., to make a din, to clash, d. of instrument, irpbs, i. 8. 18. Onomatopoetic. SovTTos, ov, 6, ch. poet., a loud noise, din, uproar, hubbub, ii. 2. 19. ApaKovTios, ov, Dracontius, a Spar- tan exile, iv. 8. 25 : vi. 6. 30. 8pd}ioipii, 8pap.oi)pxii, see rpix^- t8p€iravT]-4>6pos, ov, {pafitv according to or to tJie extent of one's ability : i. 1. 6 ; 6. 7: ii. 3. 23 : iii. 2. 9. Der. dynamic. j.8vvd(rTT]s, 01;, a chief or poT^erful man, lord, nobleman, i. 2. 20. Der. DYNASTY. |8vvaTds, 1^, ov, c, s., actively, able, conqyetent, powerful, strong, 1.; pas- sively, possible, practica.ble, feasible, D. I. ; i. 3. 17 ; 9. 24 : ii. 6. 8, 19 : iv. 1. 12, 24 : €K tQv 5vvarQv from [the possibles] tJie means in their power, iv. 2. 23. It is often used or to be supplied with a rel. and superl., 553 c : 7J dvvarbv fidXiara [so as is possible, most implicitly] as implicitly as pos- sible, i. 3. 15 ; OTi dTrapaaKevaaroTaTov [according to what is possible, most unprepared] as unprepared as possible, oTt 7rXei(XTovs as many as possible, i. 1. 6 ; (hs rdxt^crra Trope^eadai to proceed as speedily as ]jossible, i. 3. 14. 8va),* bvao), to make enter, put on: hence 8i5vw & 8vo|xai, dijaofmi, dedvKa, 2 a. ^5vv, of the sun, to enter the western sea, to set, i. 10. 15 : ii. 2. 3. 8vo,* dvoTv, or, w. plur. nouns, indecL, duo, two, i. 1. 1 : iii. 2. 37: vi. 6. 14 : vii. 5. 9 ; 6. 1. Der. dual. [8vpov, ov, {8i5w/j.i) a gift, present, reward, i. 2. 27; 9. 14, 22 : ii. 1. 10. la, Idv, &c., see idw, iii. 3. 3. 4dXb)Ka, IdXcdv, see oXiaKOfMai, iii. 4.8. €dv,* (ei, dp) contr. ijv or "dv, conj. followed by the subj., if perhaps, if haply, if, in case tluit : idv fx-q if not, unless, except : idv re . . idv re [both if . . and if] whether . . or : i. 3. 14, 18 s^; 4. 12: vii. 1. 31 ; 3. 37. |€dv-irep, if indeed, if only, iv. 6. 17 ? iapiX,oi, icrw iQ, {cap ver, spring) to ^ass or sp)end the spring, iii. 5. 15. k-fxvrov,* T/S, contr. aiirov, ??s, refl. pron., (e him, avros) sui, of himself, herself, itself, ch. nsed when the reflex reference is emphatic or direct. In the gen., it often supplies the place of a possessive pron. (suus) : ol iavrov his oivn men, rd iavrQv their own affairs, interests, or possessions, i. 1. 5; 2. 7, 15: iii. 1. 16. V. I. for ifxav- ToO or aavTov, 539 d, vi. 6. 15: vii. 5. 5 : often for ai/rov, or the converse. €d«,* idcrco, eidKa, ipf, e'^cvv, to per- mit, alloio, suffer, let, A. i. : to let be, let alone, leave, dismiss, have nothing to do ivith, A. D. : ovk idv to forbid, prohibit, protest, 686 i : i. 4. 7, 9 ; 9. 18^: vii. 3. 2; 4. 10 s, 20, 24. tip8op,ir|KOVTaindecl.,sci-c??^?/,iv.7.8. ^P8o|JLos, 7?, ov,{€'!rrd) sei'cnth,Yi.2.12. 'Epo^eXfiics or 'EpoX^ep-tos, ov, v. I. iov'A(3po^€\fx-r]s, vii. 6. 43. iy-, the form which iv takes in compos, before a palatal, 150. ey-ylyvoykOLi,* ycvrjaojxai, yeyivr]p.ai & 2 pf. yiyova, to take place, be pro- duced, or arise in, d., v. 8. 3. |^7-"yovos, ov, 6, a descendant, iii. 2. 14 ? kyyvkv),* r}(Tw, rjyyvrjKa, {iy-y^rj a pledge in hund, fr. yvlov limb, hand) to put in hand, pledge : M. to pledge Okie's self, engage, promise, i. (a)., vii. 4. 13.^ tcyyvQcv a,^\.,from nigh at hand, iv. 2. 27. eyyus* adv., c. & s. iyyvT^pov, rara, or repw, rdra), near, nigh, close at hand, g. ; nearly, closely : superl. w. art. the nearest, last : i. 8. 8 ; 10. 10^: ii. 2. 11, 16 s; 4. 1 : iv. 2. 28. I^eipo),* iyepu), iyrjyepKa L, to icake another : 2 pf pret. iyprfyopa to be or keep awake, keep watch, iv. 6. 22. lY6v6pT]v, e^iYvopTjv, see yiyvofmi. 47-KaXeft),* KoXiaw /caXcD, KeKXrjKa, to call upon as responsible, make a demand upon, charge, blame, throw the blame upon, find fault with, D. CP. ; to call upon one for, demand, A. ; vii. 5. 7; 7. 33, 44, 47. cY-KoXviTrTa), i^i^w, K€Kd\v(pa 1., (/ca- Xi/TTTw to icrap, cover) to wrap up in a covering. A., iv. 5. 19. ^-K€ipai,* Keiao/xac, to lie in or therein, iv. 5. 26. cY-KeXevo-Tos, ov, (KeXevco) urged on, instructed, incited, bidden, i. 3. 13. €Y-K€'aXos, ov, 6, {Ke(f)a\7J) the brain; the brain, croicn, or cabbage of the palm, a large cabbage-like bud at the top of the stalk, ii. 3. 16. ey-Kpanqs, is, (Kpdros) in poiuer over, in jjossession of, master of, g., i. 7. 7: V. 4. 15. ^•yvwKa, 'iyytav, eyvcoo-OijV, see 747- v(haKu, i. 3. 2 : ii. 4. 22 : iii. 1. 43. I'YP'fl-yopa, -€iv, see iyelpw, iv. 6. 22. €Y-)(^aXivd«, U3(xw, pf. pi- KexoXivu)- fjLai, to put a bit in the mouth of, to bridle, A., vii. 2. 21; 7. 6. h-X^^P^^y V<^^' h-ii^X^^PV^a, ix^lp) to take in hand, undertake, mak:e an attemi-)t, v. 1. 8. €7-X€>-pi8iov, ov, TO, (x^ip) a hand- knife, dagger, iv. 3. 12. ky-Xiipil, Kex^piKa, (x^ip) to put in the hands 0/ another, commit, entrust, A. d., iii. 2. 8. €"y-xe«>* f- X^'^ or x^w, KexvKa, (x^w to pour) to pour in wine for a libation, D., iv. 3. 13. e-yw/ ip-ou or fMov, pi. ijfJ^h, (the iycpci> often forming a complex indefinite, 559 a, as €7j/j.i, i. 3. 7: ii. 1. 21. €l'-7r€p if indeed, if in fact or really, i. 7^.9: ii. 4. 7: iv. 6. 16. €i'Tr6(jn]V, see eiroixai, iii. 4. 18. €i'p7(>) or €l'pYrjij.i, i. 2. 5. clprivr], 7;s, (et/ow to Join, or ^0 to^A:) peace, ii. 6. 2, 6: iii. 1. 37. €ls,* sometimes es, (ej'-s,688 d) prep., w. ACC. of place, into, more briefly to or in; at, on, or upon; [to go into] /or; sometimes for iu by const, prseg. 704 a ; i. 1. 2 s ; 2. 2 s, 24 : so of state or action, ii. 6. 17 : iii. 1. 43: — of a col- lection of persons or things, amona, to, into the land of, against, i. 1. il ; 6. 7 : ii. 2. 20 : v. 6. 27 s : — of time, [in passing into] on or ujjon, in, at, i. 7. 1 : ii. 1. 17 : iii. 1. 3 : — of number or measure, uj) to, even to, to the number, extent, or dcjith of, i. 1. 10 : ii. 3. 23 : vi 4. 16 ; eh a4>doviav [to] in abun- dance, abundantly, vii. 1. 33 ; eh 8vo two by tivo, ii. 4. 26 ; eh oktw eight deep, vii. 1. 23 : — of aim, end, result, ob- ject of reference, &c., for, in respect to, concerning, i. 1.9; 3. 3 ; 9. 5, 16, 23 : ii. 6. 30. In compos., into, in, &c. €is,* {Jiia, 'iv, g. evbs, fiids, one, a single one, an individual ; used more strictly as a numeral than one in Eng. ; i. 2. 6 ; 9. 22 : naff 'iva one by one, singly, iv. 7. 8 : eh m any single one, eh e/ca, pi^dacj iSi/StD, to put into or on board a vessel. A., v. 3. 1, cltr-PoXTJ, 7js, {ei(X-l3d\\(a) irruption, entrance, pass, i. 2. 21 : v. 6. 7. €l(r-8vo|xat, * dvao/xai, to enter or sink into, eh, iv. 5. 14. €lo--€8pap,ov, -Spajitov, see ela-rpixf^- €l'(r-€ip.i,* ipf. rjeiv, {elfit q. v.) to go or come into or in, enter, eh, irapd : to enter one's mind, occiqyy ones thoughts, A. CP.: i. 7. 8 : vi. 1. 17 : vii. 2. 14. €i(r-6Xai»vw,* eXdaw eXtS, iXr)\aKa, a. TJXaaa, to ride into, enter, eh, i.2.26. ciip«,* ol'o-w, ivrjvoxa., a. ijpeyKa €lopea> 41 €KlcXT{0%d|(i) or -Of, a. p. i)P€x&Wi io hring or carry into or in, a. d., ets, i. 6. 11? \ai. 3. 21. €l(r-(|>opCA>, ■^crw, Tr€(p5p7]Ka, to bring into, A. ei's, iv. 6. 1. €i(rw, sometimes 2assage, pass, iv. 1. 20; 2. Is. 'EKparava, w;/, rd, Echatana (also ^^Titten Agbatana, and AchmefJia, Ez- ra 6. 2) the capital of Media, favorably situated for coolness and good air, and containing the strongly fortihed and magnificent summer residence of the Persian king, ii. 4. 25 : iii. 5. 15. II Hamadan. aK-pXT]0€iT|v, see e/c-^dXXw, vii. 5. 6. lK-PoT]6€(d, 770-0;, ^oTjdrjKa, to rush or come forth to the rescue, e^, vii. 8. 15. ?K-'Yovos, ov, (yiyvofxai) born from : oi eKyouoi the descendants : rd eKjova the young of animals : iii. 2. 14? iv. 5. 25? lK-8e8pd|XT]Ka, lK-8pa|j.(av, see eK-rpe- Xw, V. 2. 17; 4. 16. €K-8€p«,* depQ, a. edeipa, {depcj to skill) to take out of one's skin, to flay y A., i. 2. 8 : V. I. eKdeipeiv. kK-BiB,* SifaofiaL, deSvKa, 2 a. eduv, to get out of one's clothes, to strip one's self, iv. 3. 12. Ikci adv. , there, in that place, yon- der, i. 3. 20 ; 10. 8 : iv. 1. 24. 4.Ik6i0€v thence, from that place or region, v. 6. 24, jlxeivos,* 77, 0, that, thai OTie ; often as a strong pers. pron., he, she, it j i. 1.4; 3.9; 7.18: iii.1.35. See eTr-^/cet^a. |€K6ilcice, there (= thither), vi. 1. 33 ; 6. 36. Ikt|pv|6, -VX0T], see KTjp&rrta, ii. 2. 21. lK-0Xtj3«,* ixj/b}, TidXicpa 1., {eXi^cj to squeeze) to press or crowd out. A., iii. 4. 19 s. |K-Ka0aip«, *apQ, pf. J9. KeKadapfxai, to cleanse from defilement, burnish; or €K-KaXvirT«, iLi\j/(a, pf. p. KCKaXvpLfiac {KaXvTTTw to cover, veil) to un-cover, to take the shield out of the leather case {adyp^) in which it was commonly carried on the march to preserve its brightness ; i. 2. 16. €KKXT]), avu>, (Ku/j-a wave) to [wave out of line] be^id out or swell forth like a wave, i. 8. 18. iK-\iy, eiXoxc, {Xeyu lego, to LAY, gather) to lay or gather out, to pick or single out, select ; so J/., more subjectively ; A.; ii. 3. 11 : iii. 3. 19 : V. 6. 20. Der. eclectic. €K-Xe{Trft), * Xet^w, XeXotrra, 2 a. ^'\t- urop, to leave (going out of), quit, abandon, desert, forsake, a. els : of snow, to disappear: i. 2. 24: iii. 4. 8 : iv. 1. 8; 3. 24; 5. 15. Der. eclipse. CK-p.'qpl^oiiaL, vaofxai, {firjpUofiaL to wind) to wind out ; of an army, to defile, vi. 5. 22. tK-ircfiTT*!), * irefixl/bj, Tr^TrOjU^a, to send out, conduct forth : M. to send forth of one's own company : A, : iii. 2. 24 : V. 2. 21. €K-'Tr€''irXT]7jxai, see eK-irX-riTTw. fiK-ireTTTiOKMS, see eK-ir'nrTO), i. 1. 7. £K-ir€paiv6), avLo, to finish out, fully accomjylish, A. D., v. 1. 13. €K-Tr€, yjcrofiai, TreTnfidrjKa, to leap or spring out or forth, vii. 4. 16. iK-irtjiirXTifJii,* irXr}(TO}, irewXrjKa, to fill out or 2. TriirXrjyfxai, 2 a. j^:). iirXrjyvu, but 6^- €7rXdy7jv, to strike out of one's self- possession ; to strike with surjjrise, astonishment, alarm, or terror ; to sur- prise, amaze, astonish, confound, con- fuse, alarm, terrify ; A.; i. 5. 13; 8.20. €K-'!ro8i.Jv adv. , {irovs) out of the way of the feet, out of the way : e. iroce'ccrdai to p)ut out of the loay : i. 6. 9 : ii. 5. 29. tK-'Tropevojiai, evcrojj.ai., TreTropevjuaL, to march or go out ox forth, v. 1. 8. €K-iropt^oD, 1(jw lu), ireirbpiKa, to bring out, provide, procure, A. d., v. 6. 19 ? ^K-irwjxa, aros, rb, {Trivia) drinking- cup, beaker, iv. 3. 25 ; 4.21: vii. 3. 18. CK-raGeis, see eK-reivu}, v. 1. 2. CKTatoSj a, ov, (eKTos) on the sixth day, vi. 6. 38. CK-TCLTTa),* rd^oj, Teraxo., to draw out or up in battle-order, trans.: M., in trans, or refl., v. 4. 12 ? vii. 1. 24. €K-T6iv«,* T€vC), TCTaKa, a. ereiva, a. p. erddrju, to stretch out, cx-tend, A., V. 1. 2 ; 8. 14. €K-To|€Vft), evao}, to shoot forth ar- rows (out of a tower), vii. 8. 14. ^KTOS, V, ov, (e^) sixth, vi. 2. 12. iK-TpeVft),* ^i/'w, T€Tpoa£v«,* 6tos, ov, of a deer: Kpea iXdcpeia dcers meat, venison, i. 5. 2. ^Xa(}>os, ov, 6 7], (in Att. 17 as a ge- neric term), a deer, stag, v. 3. 10. |IXa((>p6s, a, ov, [deer-like] light in motion or weight, nimble, agile, iii. 3. 6: iv. 2. 27. |IXa(j>pcI)s lightly, nimbly, with agil- ity, vi. 1. 12 : vii. 3. 33. IXdxwTTos, 77, ov, see kXdTTwv, iii. 2.28. eXe'YX^^j* ^l^^y pf- P- ^X-rfKeyixai, a. p. vXeyx^V^i lo examine, question, or inquire, closely ; to convict, prove ; a. CP., P.; ii. 5.27? iii. 5. 14 (a. byattr., 474 b): iv. 1, 23. eXeeivds, "f}, 6v, (eXeos pity) piteous, iv.^ 4. 11 J eXciv, IXcVOai, &c,, see alpio}. eXeXt^ft), tfw, (eXeXeu a war-cry) to raise the war-cry, to shout in battle, i. 8. 18: V. 2. 14? '{ki%(x, eXc'xOilv, see Xeyta, i. 4. 13. tlXcvGepia, as, freedom, liberty, in- depend.ence, i. 7. 3 : iii. 2. 13 : vii. 7. 32. eXcvOepos, a, ov, {eXevd- ? see epxo- fiai) going and coming at pleasure, /?'ec, independent, ii. 5. 32 : iv. 3. 4. €Xtj<(>0tiv, see Xafi^dvoj, i. 7. 13. €X0€iv, -oijJLi, -«, -wv, see epxo/nai. 'EXwrdpvT^, 77s, V. Z. for ' AXiaapv-q, vii. 8. 17. ^Xkco,* 'iX^dj, ipf. e?X/coi', ^0 cZrau?, drag, imll. A., iv. 2. 28; 5. 32: v. 2. 15. t'EXXds, dSos, 77, ITellas, Greece ; originally, it is said, the name of a town or district in southern Thessaly, settled by Hellen. The name was afterwards so extended as to include all Greece except the Peloponnesus ; I and yet further, so as to include not I only this, but even all the Greek col- : onies, Avherever situated, i. 2. 9 ; 4. 7. j — 2. Hellas, wife of Gongylus, friend- jly to Xenophon, vii. 8. 8. "EXXtiv, 7JV0S, 6, Hellen, a Greek; j originally, it is said, the name of a son of Deucalion, and the father of ^Eolus and Dorus, and grandfather of Achteus and Ion. Passing to his pos- terity, it became the general name of all the Gre-eks (Hellenes), while their great divisions were named from his children and grandchildren. As au adj., Greek, i. 1. 2 ; 2. 14, 18 ; 10. 7. I |IXXt]vi^«, iao), to speak Go^eek, vii. I 3. 25. Der. Hellenist. ! |'EXXT]viKds, v, ov, Hellenic, Grecian, Greek : to FiXXtjvikov [sc. arpdrevpa] the Greek army or force : i.1.6; 8.14 s. j'EXXTjvLKois adv., in the Greek lan- Iguage, in Greek, i. 8. 1. I'EXXtjvis, tSos, (fem. adj. = 'EXX77- ' vLKTj, 235) Grecian, Greek, iv. 8. 22. I |'EXXi]vi, ^Lfidaoj /3i/3cD, to put into or 071 board a vessel, Tnake one embark, A. els, V. 3. 1 ; 7. 8. 4}i-PoXTJ, ^s, {e/jL-pdWw) an irrup- tion, invasion, inroad, entrance, iv. 1.4. c|i-Pp6vTT|Tos, ov, {jSpovrdoj to thun- der, fr. ^povT-Tj) thunder-struck ; hence, stupefied, insane, panic-struck : iii. 4. 12. ^|X€iva, see jxevw, i. 2. 6, 10, 14. €(i€«,* efxeaw efxQ, eix-qfieKa, vomo, to VOMIT, iv. 8. 20. Der. emetic. Ifjt-fjievw,* fievG), /ji.efj.eu7]Ka, to remain or abide in, ev, iv. 7. 17. tlfJids, ri, ^v, my, mine, i. 6. 6. €|i,ov, €(iol, €|x€ (by apostr. Ip,'), oblique cases of e7w, i, 3. 3, 6 ; 5. 16.' ^li-iroXtv adv., on the return, back- wards, back, back again : so Tovp-ira- \iv {by crasis for to e/xTraXLv) & els ToiifxTrakLv [to that which is on the re- turn], i. 4. 15 : iii. 5. 13 : v. 7. 6. en-ireSoo), cucw, {iredov the ground) to fix in the ground, make firm ; hence, to hold fast or sacred, sacredly observe. A., iii. 2. 10. ^)j.-ir€kpos, ov, s. , {irelpa) in acquaint- ance with, acquainted, with, experi- enced in, familiar with, G., iv. 5. 8 : V. 6. 1, 6 : vii. 3. 39. Der. empiric. llji-ircipws adv., in acquaintance with, G. ; e/jLTreipoiis ex^tv to be acquaint- ed with, ii. 6. 1. CfJL-'ire'irTWKa, -ireo-wv, see e/A-TrtTrrw. €}Ji-irtvft>,* Trlofxai, ireirojKa, to drink in, to^-c a drink, vi. 1. 11 ? tp.-irl'irX'qui or -irtixirXiiixi,* irX-qaw, ir^irXTjKa, a. p. iv-eirX-qcdrjv, to fill into, Jill up, cover with; to satisfy, content; A. G., P.: i. 7. 8 ; 10. 12 : vii. 7. 46. Ifi-irtirpiini or -irijxirpTifit,* irp-qcrw, ireTrprjKa, a. kv-eirpT^aa, {Tri/MTrprj/xi to burn) to put fire in, set fire to, set on fire, A., iv. 4. 14: v. 2. 3: vii. 4. 15. Ifi-iriTTTCD,* TreaovfiaL, ireirTWKo., 2 a. eireaov, to fall into, upon, or among ; to throto one's self into ; to attack ; to [fall into one's mind] occur to; D., els: ii. 2. 19; 3. 18: iii. 1. 13: iv. 8. 11? 2|x-7rXe«s, i>}v, (irXeojs* full) filled in with, full of, abounding in, g., i. 2. 22 ? tcix-iroSi^u), l(X(a tw, im-pedio, to im- pede, hinder, be in the way of, A., iv. 3. 29. tefi-iroSios, ov, in tJie way, presenting an obstacle, d., vii. 8. 3 s. l|i-iroS(ov adv., (iv woduiv 68^) in the way of the feet : eixirobuiv elvai to be in the way, hinder, prevent, d. i. (w. to or Tov), iii. 1. 13 : iv. 8. 14 : v. 7. 10. Ifji-TToiEO), 7j(rw, ireTroiTjKa, to create or produce in, inspire in, impress upon, D. A., cp., ii. 6. 8, 19; vi. 5. 17. 6p.-iroXdw, iqcrw, rjfnroXrjKa, (akin to TTcoXeu}) to obtain or realize from a sale, A., vii. 5. 4 ? tep-irdpiov, ov, a place of trade, em- porium, mart, i. 4. 6. ^p,-iropoS) ov, 6, a person on a jour- ney for trade, a merchant, v. 6. 19. ^H-Trpoa-Yeiv 2 aor. {h-e<})ayov, e/x-0a7w, oifXL, &c. ; see icrdiu}, the pr. ev-eadiai not being in use), to take in /ooc?, ca^ a little or hastily, A., iv. 2. 1 ; 5. 8. c)i-(}>avi^s, h, {(pabu:) shining in, manifest : ev Tcp ifxcpavec in public, 2ntblicly, openly, ii. 5. 25. 4.€(j,-(f>avc0S openly, v. 4, 33. kv* prep., Lat. in w. abl., in : w. DAT. of place or persons, in, within, on, upon, at, among, i. 1.6s; 5.1; 6. 1 : iv. 7. 9 ; ev BajSvXdvi [in the region of B.] at or near B.,y.5. i: — of time, in, at, on, during, within ; iv tovti^ [sc. XP^^V] 'i'^^ 01" during this time, vieamvhile; ev 5} during which time, or [in the time when, 557 a] ivhile, whilst; i.2.20; 5.15s; 7.18; 10.10: — of state, manner, means, instru- ^v 45 2v0ev ment, &c., in, under, with, i. 3. 21 ; 7. 20 ; 9. 1 : iv. 3. 7 s. In compos. {k\L- before a labial, and ky- bef. a palatal, 150), in, into (698 d""), among, upon, at. 'ivy Ivos, €vi, see eXs, i. 9, 12 : vii. 5. 4, Iv-a-yKvXdft), -qdco, {dyKOXy], see Stay- KvXdofmL) to [put in a] j?^ z^iYA a thong, iv. 2. 28. t€vavTi6o(J.ai, (txrofiac, TjuavTuo/jbai, to oppose, withstand, D. irepL or g., vii. 6. 5. Iv-avTtos, a, oi', on the opposite side, opposite, opposed to, contrary, hostile to ; m an opposite direction ; over against, against, in front of, before, in one's face ; often w. an adv. force : ol evdvTLOL the enemy : e/c rod epavrlov [from] on the opposite side : rdvavria (= rd evavTLa) in tlie opposite direc- tion, &c. : rovrov evavrlov in this mans presence : D., G,, ^ : i. 8. 23 ? iii. 2. 10 : iv.^3. 28, 32 ; 7. 5 : v. 8. 24 : vii. 6. 23. ev-dirTo>, ct^w, to set on fire, set fire to, kindle, a., v. 2. 24 s ? ^varos, later ^vvaros, 17, ov, {euvea q. V.) ninth, iv. 5. 24. lv-avXi^o|iai, icrojjLat, 7)v\ia-fiat 1., a. p. 7)u\ia0r}u, to en-camp, lodge for the night, vii. 7. 8. ^v8£i.a, as, {ev-deo}) need, ivant, pov- erty, lack of provisions, i. 10. 18. €V-8€tKVV|J.i,* Sei^w, dedeixa, in-dico, to in-dicate, express ; M. to show or ex- press one's own feelings, a., vi. 1. 19. €V-8€KaTOS, rj, ov, {ev-deKa eleven) eleventh, i. 7. 18. Iv-Seo),* de-qaoo, dederjKa, to lack in anything : impers. eu-det there is lack or need of, G. d. ; iibpa vXeiouos evbeou he saw there [being] was need of more explicitness : M. to lack for one's own support, G.: vi. 1.31: vii. 1.41; 3.3? ^v-Si^Xos, ov, among evident things, evident, manifest, plain; used like 5,7X0? w. a participle ; ii. 4. 2 ; 6. 18. ?v-8ti[ios, ov, within a nation, at home ; rd hdi-j/xa the home revenues, vii, 1. 27. Der. endemic. lv-8tpios, ov, {dicppos} sitting on the same seat, or at table, with another (the Thracians sitting at their meals): ivdifppios subst., a table- companion : vii. 2. 33, 38. t^vSoGsv adv., from within, v. 2. 22. ^v8ov adv., {h) within, ii. 5. 32. ?v-5ogos, ov, (db^a) in repute, honor- able, glorious, betokening honor, vi. 1. 23. lv-8ov« & €V-8cop.ai,* dva-o/xai, di- 8vKa, 2 a. ^5vv, (cf. in-duo) to p)ut on one's self, a. : plup. had put on, wore : i. 8. 3 : V. 4. 13. €V-6- : for augmented forms thus be- ginning, look under I7- before a pala- tal, and under ep,- before a labial. ev-c^aXov, see e/jL-jSaWcj}, i. 5. 11. ev-c8pa, as, {edpa a seat) a seat with- in (in a hidden place), ambush, am- buscade, Lat. in-sidise, iv. 7. 22. llveSpevb), eOaco, a. ev-rfdpevaa, to form or place an ambush, lie in wait, i. 6. 2. ^v-€i}jLi,* ^ao/xaL, (et^t) to be in or on, ev : to be [in a place] there ; i. 5. 1 s ; 6. 3: ii. 4. 21s, 27. See evi. ^v6Ka,* sometimes ^vckcv (esp. be- fore a vowel), adv., for the sake of, on account of, for the purpose of, for, g. ; comm. following, but sometimes pre- ceding or dividing its complement ; TovTov €V€Ka on this account : i. 4. 5, 8 : ii. 3. 13, 20 ; 5. 14 : v. 1. 12 ; 8. 13. Iv-CKeifitiv, see ey-KeLfxat, iv. 5. 26. cvcviriKOVTa indecL, {ewea) ninety, i. 5. 5; 7. 12.^ cveos {v. I. Ivveos), d, ov, deaf and dumb, iv. 5. 33. €V-6irX'^o-0r)v, see i/jL-iriirXrjixc. iv-iTrpr\, see h-exio, vii. 4. 17 ? €VV€'a indecl., wme, i. 4. 19. In its derivatives, ewa-, for era-, is a less classic form. Der. ennea-gon. €V-V06(0, ri,* revQ, reraKa, in-tendo, to stretch out upon, iiiflict upon, A. D. ; 7rX??7ds evereivov caine to blows, ii. 4.11. Iv-TcXiris, es, (riXos) at its end, com- plete, full, i. 4. 13. €V-T€'XXop.ai,* reXovfxxti, TeTokfiat, a. €Tet\dfjiT]v, {reWo} to raise) to put upon, enjoin upon, charge, command, ■ D. I., V. 1. 13. ^ ^VTcpov, OV, {ivTos) an intestine ; pi. intestines, entrails, bowels, ii. 5. 33. €VT€v0ev (fr. hdev, after the analogy of evravda fr. evOa) from this or that very place or time, hence, thence ; af- ter this, afterwards, hereupon, there- upon ; sometimes from or in conse- quence of this, therefore; i. 2. 7, 10 : iii. 1. 31 : iv. 4. 10 : vii. 1. 25. 6V-t£0t)|i,i,* Orjau), redeiKa, a. tdrjKa {du>, deirjv, kc.) to put in, inspire in, A. D., vii. 4. 1 : 3L to put on hoard for one's self. A., i. 4. 7: v. 7. 15. 2v-Ti(JLOS, ov, c, s., {tT/ult]) held in hon- or, honored, respected, v. 6. 32 : vi. 3. 18. J€V-TtjJi«s in honor, ii. 1. 7. Iv-Tovcos {evTovos strained,sirenuous, fr, ev-reivo}) sti'enuously , vii. 5, 7, IvTos adv., {kv) within, of place or time, G, : evrbs avrCov within their line : i, 10, 3 : ii, 1, 11 : vii. 5, 9 ; 8, 16. cv-Tvyxd-Vw, * reij^ofiai, renjxVKf"-} 2 a. ervxov, to happen or light upon, fall in or meet with, find, d,, i, 2, 27; 8, 1, 10 : ii, 3. 10. 'EvvdXios, ov, (Evijo) Bellona, god- dess of war) Enyalius (the warlike), another name for Mars ("Aprjs), the god of war ; a sonorous word specially used in the battle-cry; i.8.18 : v.2.14. Iv-virvtov, 01;, (virvos) a thing seen in sleep, a dream, vii. 8. 1 : v. I. rd evoLKia the interior; Toup conjectured rd ivwiria the inner walls. Hv<>)[i.OT-ap\y\S or IvcofjLOT-apxos, ov, {dpx<^) a leacier of an evojixoTla, enomo- tarch, iii. 4. 21 : iv. 3. 26, cv-cojAOTta, as, (iv-dofxoTos sicorn in, fr, 6ixvvp.L) a band of sworn soldiers, 47 c^CTrXdYnv an enomoty ; comm. of about 25 men, the fourth part of a \6xo'i ', iii- 4. 22. k^* before a cons. €ic, prep., oid of: w. Gen. of place, oiU of, forth from, from ; eic tQv 1a6x<^v from the land of the Taochi; e^ dpiaTepds [from] on the left; i. 2. 1, 3, 7, 18 : iv. 7. 17; 8. 2 : — of time, from, after, upon, often denoting not mere succession of time, but also consequence ; eK tovtov from this time, upon or after this, hereupon, in consequence of this ; Ik -rraLdbju fram boyhood; i. 2. 17; ii. 5. 27 ; 6. 4: iv. 6. 14, 21 : e| oi5 or otov from [what time] the time when, since, SS/ct? v- ''• 34 : vii. 8. 4 : — of source, cause, agent, means, manner, &c., from, of, in con- sequence of, on account of, by, by means of, vnth, according to, &.c., i. 1. 6 ; 9. 16, 19, 28 : iii. 1. 11 s, 43 : U ro&roju from this state of affairs, in these cir- cumstances, i. 3. 11. In compos., out, forth, off, from ; sometimes implying completeness (cf. utterly). i^ indecl., sex, six, i. 1. 10: ii. 4. 27. kl-ayyiKK ^y lead out or forth ; to induce ; A. I., evl, irpos, &c.; i. 6. 10 ; 8. 21. fl^-atpcTos, ov, picked out, select, choice, vii. 8. 23 : cf. Lat. eximius fr. ex-imo. I|-aip6&>,* 'rjau}, vprji^^^) 2 a. elXov, a. p. xipedriv, to take out, remove, set apart, A. g., d. : M. to take out for one's own benefit, select, choose, a., e/c: ii. 1.9; 3. 16 ; 5.4, 20: v. 3. 4. 4|-atTe, lycw, rJTrjKa 1., to de-mand: M. to beg off as a favor to one's self, to rescue by entreaty : A. : i. 1. 3 : vi. 6. 11 {v. I. ^JT^W). t^-aL4:vr,s, softer but less Att. form l^airtvTjs, {a'i(pur)s suddenly, fr. d- & s, uxrre, ii. 6. 22: v. 7. 6 s, 9. e^-airaTri, tjs, [dTrdrr] deceit) gross deceit, imposition, vii, 1. 25. ll-d-TTTixvs, V, g. eos, s-lx cubits long, V. 4. 12: V. I. €^-Trr]xv^- e^aTrlviis, see e^ai^prjs, iii. 3.7; 5. 2. if-apKcw, ecrw, to suffice fully, vii. 7. 54? I|-dpx«> ap^w, ^pxa, to lead off; lead off in, take the lead in, G. ; v. 4. 14: vi. 6. 15. €|-a\)aiv(i>, afw, to dry up, trans.: M. to dry up, wither away or entirely, intrans., ii. 3. 16 ? €|-avXi^O[JLai, iaoimi, Tj^Xia-fMi 1., to leave or change one's quarters, eh, vii. 8. 21. €|-6- : for augmented forms thus be- ginning, look under €k-. €|-epaXov, -€pXir|9Tiv, see eK-^dXXoj. ?|-€i|j.i,* ecro/jLat, (elpLc) to be out of confinement or restraint, to be free or permitted ; only used impers., e^eari, e^drj, i^rjv, &c., it is permitted or al- lowed, it is in one's power, one may, D. I. ; pt. abs. e^bv, it being permitted, when it is or was permitted or in one's power, when he may or miaht ; ii. 3. 26 ; 5. 18, 22 s ; 6. 6, 12, 28:" iii. 1. 22. ^|-ei}JLi,* ipf. ^eiv, (et^t q. v.) to go or come out or forth, march out ov forth, iii. 5. 13 : v. 1.^ 8, 17 :^ vi. 6. 1 s. el-eXavvft), * eXdcrw eXu), eXrfXaKa, to drive out, expel, A. 'e^ : intrans. or w. A. understood (see kXaiv^x)), to drive or ride forth, advance, proceed, march, 8id, &c. : i. 2. 5 s ; 4. 4 : vii. 7. 7. k^-iKiy\tiv, see eK-rpecfxa, vii. 2. 32. €|-€v-irop£^a), I'crw tw, TreiropiKa, to provide well or fully, v. 6. 19 ? k^-i^r]va, see €K-vYov, see e/c-^ei/yw, i. 3. 2. el-i^Yeoixai, rjaofiai, i]yi^p.ai, to lead forth : to bring out to another, com- inunicate, impart ; ayadov rt e. to ren- der some service, esp. by information or guidance : A. d., eis: iv. 5. 28: vi. 6. 34. Der. exegesis. 6^-'g€iv, -TJ€f ij^ijj, ^Ko. 1., to come or ?iave coTiie Old ; of time, to have run out, expired, or passed by, pr. as pf., 612, vi. 3. 26. €^-T]\0ov, see i^-epxofJ-ai, i. 6. 5. €f-T]V, see ^^-eifxi (eifxi), vi. 6. 2. €|-ir|V€7Ka, -ov, see eK--, by apostr. for iiri, i. 2. 2. cir-ayyeXXft), eXuJ, TJyyeXKa, to an- nounce to : M. to announce or declare one's self, to 2}romise, offer, consent, propose ones self, d. i., ii. 1. 4: iv. 7. 20 : vii. 1. 33. eir-dYft),* a^w, fixa., to bring or ^ro- pose against, A. d. irept, vii. 7. 57. €ira9ov, see irdffx^i i. 3. 4 ; 9. 6. teir-aivcft),* iaii} k ^ao/iai,yveKa,{alv^oj to speak) to speak for or in favor of, applaud, approve, commend, praise; to tlumk, acknowledge gratefully (even in civilly declining) ; a. eirl : i. 3. 7 ; 4. 16 : ii. 6. 20 : iii. 1. 45 : vii. 7. 52. tir-aivos, ov, 6, {alvos speech) praise, commendation, applause, v. 7. 33. Iir-aipw,*' dpQ, 9jpKa, a. ^pa, to raise to, stir up, excite, induce, influence, a. I., vi. 1. 21: vii. 7. 25. Iir-atrios, ov, charged against, d. : eiralTLov ti [something charged against] a ground of accusation, iii. 1. 5 ? €ir-aKoXov0€«, -qao}, to follov) upon or after, pursue, D., iii. 2. 35 : iv. 1. 1. lir-aKOvco,* o^cro/xat, dKTjKoa, a. tjkov- aa, to listen to, overliear. A., vii. 1. 14. eirdv or ctttiv, {eireX &v, 619 b) rel. adv. or conj. w. subj., when-ever, when, after, as soon as: eirdv rdxto'Ta as soon as, 553 b : i. 4. 13 : ii. 4. 3 ? iv. 6. 9. eir-ava-Tctvo),* revQ, r^raKa, a. ^rec- va, to stretch up for another to strike, to present upstretehed, a., vii. 4. 9 ? €ir-ava-xa)pe«, ijcrw, Kex^PW°-i to go back to, retreat, return, els, iii. 3. 10. €ir-av-4pxo|*a'«'>* eXevo-Ofiai, eXrjXvda, 2 a. ijXdov, to go up or back to, return, els, vi. 5. 32 : vii. 3. 4 s. eirdvii) M lir-dvo), on the upper side, above : to. irdvu the preceding narrative, vi. 3. 1. iTT-airctXew, tj^tw, to threaten besides, add threats, vi. 2. 7. cir-ry-7€\dw, da-ofiac, to laugh at in one's fac.^ to insult, D., ii. 4. 27. cir-eysipw, * epd, eyriyepKa 1. , a. ijyec- pa, to rouse to, awaken, wake up, trans., iv. 3. 10. lir-eSg'fJi-r^v, lir-cOeo-av, see iirL-Tld-qixi.. kiTii rel. adv. or conj. (upon this that, km) : of time, after, v;hen, now timt, since ; whenever, as often as ; i-rrei Taxi-<^Ta as soon as, 553b : causal, since, inasmuch as, for ; ewei ye cer- tainly or of course since : i. 1.1 ; 3. 1 s, 5s, 9; 5.2; 8.20: iii.1.31: vi. 3.21. JeTreiSdv (eTret-S?? dv) rel. adv. or conj. w. subj., whenever now or indeed, when indeed, v:hen, after, as soon as : eireiSdv Tdxi^.ed, after, as soon as; causal, since nov) or indeed; kireLdr) ye certainly since, inasmuch as : i. 1. 3 ? 2.17; 7.16; 9.24: iii.5.18: vii.7.18. €ir-€t8ov, see eTr)Ka, 2 a. 7)p6/x7}v, to jput a question to, inquire of, question, ask ; to ques- tion further, again to ask; A. CP. ; iii. 1. 6: V. 8. 5: vii. 3. 12; 4. 10. ^•7r€-ldvTiv, see eiri-cpaivcj, ii. 4. 24. I'>r€6ti7€tv, see (pe&yu}, v. 4. 18. Iir-ex,",* ^^'*' or (^XV(^^> ^CXVKO.) 2 a. ia-xo", to hold upon, ^oZc? &ac^ fromy delay, refrain from, G., iii. 4. 36. Der. EPOCH. €7r-f|€iv, -TJco-av or -fjo-av, see ^ir-ei/Mi (elfjLi), i. 2. 17; 5. 15; 10. 10. cir-TiKOOs, ou, (aKovw) listening to; favorable for hearing : els eir-fjKoov [sc. Xwptoj/] into a hearing place, within /tearing distance (so ev iirrjKoCi)), ii. 5. 38 : iii. 3. 1 : vii. 6. 8. €Tr-iiKTO, see eir-dyco, vii, 7. 57. Iir-^v, see eirdv, ii. 4. 3. , lir-fjv, see iir-eip-i (el/xi), i, 2. 5. €7r-T]V€0"av, see eir-aiveo}, i. 3. 7. Iir-fjpa, see eTr-aipo}, vi. 1. 21. lir-TipdjJLTjv, see eir-epiordu}, iii. 1. 6. cm* prep., by apost. eir* or €«}>*, 071, w^jo^i, or against (as in cases of resting, leaning, pressing, &c., 07i or against) : (a) w. Gen. of place, on or upon (the relation often closer than that indicated by the dat.), in, on board of ; on the bank or borders of a river or country ; upon a place as an object of aim, for, toicards ; i. 4. 3 ; 7. 20 : ii. 1. 3: iv. 3. 6, 28:— of military or other support, and hence of associa- tion in place or time, by, with, — — 4irltto-iv 60 lirncvTrrw deep, at, in, in or at the time of ; irrl r^TTapoiv upon four ranks as the sup- port of the line, fou7^ dee}-), i. 2. 15 ; € eavrCJv hij themselves, ii. 4. 10 ; iirl (pdXayyos ill line of battle, iv. 6. 6 ; e0' t]/jlQv in our time, i. 9. 12 : — (b) \v. Dat. of place, on, iipon, at, near, by, i. 2. 8 ; 4. 1. 4s: — of jjurpose, end, object, con- dition, terms, occasion, or cause, for, on account of, in respect to, on, at, in, i. 3.1; 6.10: ii. 4. 5 : iii. 1.27,45; e0' y on condition that, e0' aire in order that, I., 557a, iv. 2. 19 : vi. 6. 22 : — of persons or things on which one de- pends or exerts authority, in the power of (Lat. penes), dependent upon, sub- ject to ; over, in charge or command of ; i. 1. 4; 4.2; — denoting succession, upion, after, in addition to, in reply to, ii. 2.4; 5. 41 : iii. 2.4: — (c) w. Ace. of place or person, on or upon (im- plying motion), to, at, against ; eirl rbv Maiaudpov [upon the bank of] to the Ifceander (so often, where water is spoken of); i.1.3; 2. 4s, 17, 22: — of extent in space, time, &c. , to the ex- tent of, to, over, through, till, i. 7. 15 : vi. 6. 36 ; eirl iroXv {irdfjuroXv, jSpaxv, irXeov, oaop, kc. ) to or over a great or wide extent or distance, &c., i. 8. 8 ; e-TTt TTciv eXOoi would go to all lengths, resort to every expedient, iii. 1. 18 ; eTrl TToWovs rerayfievoL arranged to the depth of many ranks, drawn up many deep (where gen. more comm.), iv. 8. 11 : — of the object to be reached, ob- tained, or affected, to, for, after, to ob- tain, i. 2. 2; 6. 10: iv. 3. 11 : v. 1. 8: — (d) in compos., 07i, upon, to, for, at, against, over, after, besides; often rather strengthening the sense of the simple, than adding a new idea. cir-iaoriv, see ^Tr-etfti (el/^t), i. 7. 4. €iri-pdX.\c«),* jSaXQi, ^ejSXrjKa, to throrv or put on, A.j iii. 5. 10 : M.^i.to have [put] one's arrow on the string (pt. with one's arrow on the string), iiri, iv. 3. 28 : V. 2. 12. lTri-Po'»]0€oint out, shoiv, display, or exhibit to others : M. to show, dis- 2)lay, or exhibit one's self or in one's self: A.D., cp.: i. 2. 14; 3.13,16; 9. 7, 10, 16 : iv. 6. 15 s: v. 4. 34. €Tr-i8€iv, -iSwv, see i(p-opdu}, iii. 1.13. €iri-8i(0K6), w^w, oftener cu^o/^at, 5e- Siuxa, to follow upon the steps of, pursue, give chase, i. 10. 11: iv. 1. 16. €iri-8pap.Eiv, see eTri-r/oe'xw, iv. 3. 31. i'Tr\.iX,6^t\v, see Trte'^w, iii. 4. 48. eiri-0a\dTTtos, ov, (ddXarra) lying upon the sea, on the sea-coast, inari- time, V. 5. 23. Iirt-Beivai, -0w, -QitrQai, -6ii)p.ai, -0oi|x-i]V, -Otjo-o), &c., see eTn-rldrifXL. |lirt-9€(ris, ecos, ij, an attack, assault, iv. 4. 22 : vii. 4. 23. €in-0i5jj,eo), Tjcraj, -T€66jxr]Ka, (Ovfios) to set one's heart upon, to desire, long for, ivish, covet, g., i., i. 9. 12, 21. j lTrt-0vp.Ca, as, desire, ii. 6. 16. Iiri-Kaipios, Of, (Katpos) op'portunus, projjer for the occasion, ajjpropriate, suitable, imxfortant, chief, vii. 1. 6. eiri-KdjiirTO),* Kd/xxf/cj, {KdfMirTOj to bend) to wheel [against] /or ware?, bend one's line of battle, i. 8. 23. Iiri-Kara p-pitrru) or -piirrcft),* pl^po), ^ppltpa, to throw downupon, a., iv.7.13. €Tri-Kcifi.ai,* Ke'Kxojxai, (cf. in-sto) to press upon, attack, assault, D., iv. 1. 16^; 3. 7, 3_0 : v. 2. 5, 26. €'7ri-K£v8uvos, ov, c, dangerous, per- ilous, D. : eTTLKlvbvvdv ianv there is danger : i. 3. 19 : ii. 5. 20 : vii. 7. 54. Iiri-Kovpeo), Tjau}, {iiri-Kovpos an aux- iliary, Kovpos young man) to assist, de- fend, protect against ; to relieve, avert; D. A., V. 8. 21, 25. lliri-KovpTjiJia, aros, to, a protection, defence, relief, g., iv. 5. 13. ciri-Kpareia, as, {eTn-Kpar-q^ in power over, Kpdros) power over, control, com- mand, mastery, vi. 4. 4 : vii. 6. 42. liri-KpvTTTO),* i\pu), K€Kpv(f>a, to throw a veil over, conceal : M. to conceal one's self or one's own doings, hence pt. secretly, 674 b, d, i. 1. 6. cTri-KvirTto, K{i\p(j}, K^Kvipa, to bend or stoop to or over, iv. 5. 32 ? C^lKVpOO) 51 liricrafiai liri-K-Jpoo), cjo-w, (Kvpoi authority) to add authority, confirm, vote, iii. 2. 32, fcirt-x<«)\v,* fieyQ, ixejxevriKCL, a. ^fxetva, to wait for, wait, tarry ; to remain over or in charge of, abide by, €tL : v. 5. 2 : vii. 2. 1. liri-fJii-yvvjiv,* ytit^a;, fJLefiixd 1., (At^T- yi;,ai misceo, to inix) A. or J/, to mi7i- gle or associate v'ith, have intercourse or dealings with, irpos, iii. 5. 16, €iri|xirXT|v, see TrijULTrXTj/ML, i. 5. 10. €Tt-vo^ft>, rjaoj, vevorjKa, (vjos) to think upon or of, have in mind, intend, pur- pose, propose, A., I., ii. 2. 11 ; 5. 4. teiriopKCd), lycrw, eirubpKrjKa, to perjure ov forswear one s self, commit jJerjury ; swear falsely by, A. : to ^mopKeiv per- jury : ii. 4. 7; 5. 38, 41; 6. 22 : iii. 1. 22. tlirtopKia, as, perjury, false swearing, irpjs, ii. 5. 21 : iii. 2. 4, 8. liri-opKos, OP, {opKos} against an oath, perjured, swearing falsely, ad- dicted to perjury, ii. 6. 25. eTri-irdp-ctfti,* ^aofxai, (elfJii) to be present in addition, to be also at liand, iii. 4. 23 ? €'jri-'irdp-€ip.i,*ipf. ^'etv, {dfXL) to come up or march by the side or abreast (in addition to or in support of others, also or higher up), iii. 4. 23 ? 30. ciri-iriTTTft),* ireaovixaL, ireTTTWKa, 2 a. eirecrov, of snow, to fall upo7i ; of men, to fall upon, make a descent upon, at- tack, D.; i.8. 2: iv.1.10; 4.11; 5.17. eiriiroXv as adv., better written lirl iroXv, i. 8. 8 : see kirl. eiri-irovos, ov, c, for toil, toilsome^ laborious; portending toil ; i. 3. 19 : vi. 1. 23. liri-p-piirTW or piirTco),* p'i^i>i, tppi- 0a, to throw upon- others, throw down, A., V. 2.^23. liri-p-pvTos, ov, (peoji) flowed upon, well-watered, i. 2. 22. €Tri-(rdTTO), a. iaa^a, {(tcltto} to pack) to put a pack on, to saddle, a., iii. 4.35. 'ETri-o-OsvTjs, eos, Epistlunes, from Amphipolis in Thrace, a commander of targeteers, discreet and trustworthy, i. 10. 7 : iv. 6. 1. — 2. An Olynthian lochage, noted for his love of hand- some boys, vii. 4. 7 s. €Trt-. A., CP.; to com- mand, enjoin, charge, d. i. ; v. 3. 6 : vii. 2. 6 ; 6. 44. €TridTT«,* d^w, to slay upon: M. to slay ones self upon : A. D. : i. 8. 29. tiri-TdTTW,* rd^oi, riraxa, to lay upon, cotmnand, enjoin, commit, d. i. : M. to station behind one's own line, A. D.: ii. 3. 6: vi. 5. 9 : vii, 6. 14. eirt-TeXew, 4ao} Co, rereXeKa, to bring to an end, comp)lete, accomplish, con- summate, A., iv. 3. 13. CTTiTifiSctos, a, ov, s., {iTTtTTjdes to tJie puriwse) suited to a purpose, suitable, aijpropriate, proper, fitting, fit, suited to one's needs, i., i. 3. 18: ii. 3, 11 ; 5. 18 : ra etnT-qdeia (art. sometimes om.) the things suited to the support of life, the necessaries of life, provisions, supplies, i. 3. 11 : iv. 4. 17 : ol ewiTr)- deioi the suitable or prosper persons ; sometimes the persons suited to one, 1. e. his friends ; vii. 7. 13, 57. €'iri-Ti9T](J,i,* drjcro), redeiKU, a. ^OrjKa {6Q, kc.) to put or place iqjon, infiict, A. D., i. 3. 10, 20 : vi. 4. 9 : M. to put one's self upon,/aZZ ov press upon, at- tack, assail, d., ii. 4. 3. Der. epithet. liriToiroXv as adv., better written lirl TO iroXv, iii. 1. 42 : see ttoXi^s. eTri-Tpeirco, * rp^^oj, TiTpo(pa, to turn or give over to, commit, entrust, confide {iirLTpeTTofxeuaL committed ov committing themselves to his charge, i. 9. 8), a. d. I.; to 2}6rmit, sufi^er, allow, direct, d. (or A.) I. ; to refer or leave it to, D. CP. ; i. 2. 19: iii. 2. 31; 5.12: vi. 1. 31; 5. llj vii. 7. 3, 8, 18. Im-Tpe'xa),* dpafiov/j.ai, dedpd/xrjKa, 2 a. ^dpa/jiov, to run upon a foe, to make a quick attack or rapid onset, iv. 3.31. cirt-TVYXO-Vco,* rev^ofiai, Ter^xv^a, 2 a. €Tvxov, to happen or light upon, fall in or meet with, find, d., i. 9. 25. eiri-^aivo),* (pavCo, wecpajKa, 2 a. p. as m. €(fidvriv, to shoio to : M. to shoio ones self to, appear, make ones ap- pearance, come in view, be in sight, D., ii. 4. 24: iii. 4. 13, 39 s; 5. 2. eiri-<|)epcu,* o'iau, h-qvoxa, to bring upon : M. to bear ones self omvard, rush upon, i. 9. 6 : v, 8. 20. €'7rt-<}>8€7YO(Jiai, ey^ofiai, c(f)6eyfiai, to sound [onward] the charge, iv. 2. 7 ? eiri-(|>opca), 'ri(Ta},T€(l>6prjKa\., to carry or bring upon, A., iii. 5. 10. eiri-xapis, t, g. ito$, agreeable, pleas- ing, gracious, winning, in one's man- ner, ii. 6. 12. lirt-X6ip€W, •^(Tw, eTri-Kex^tpVK'^} (x^^p) to lay hand to, undertake, attempt, try^ endeavor, i., i. 9. 29 : ii. 5. 10 ; 6. 26. iTri-\iour) to pour upon or in, add by pouring. A., iv. 5. 27. Iiri-xwpeti), "hcTw, Kex^^prjKa, to move upon or against, to advance, i. 2. 17. €iri-\j/T]<^t5c«), tVw iQ, e\l/ri(pLKa, to put to vote, ptut the question, call the vote, A. : M. to vote for, vote, A. : v. 1. 14 ; 6. 35: vi. 1. 25 : vii. 3. 14; 6. 14? CTT-Kov, -levai, see eVet/it (etMO? i- 7. 2. hrkiVQ-o., see TrXe'w, i. 9. 17. k'n\i\yx\v, see ttXtjttw, v. 8. 2, 12. €ir-oiKo8o|Ji,eo), tjctw, pf. jo. oKodo/nrj- fiai, to build U])on, a. eiri, iii. 4. 11. ^TTop-ai,* €\po/j.at, ipf. elTrofjLrjv, 2 a. eiTiroixrjv, sequor, to follow as a friend or as an enemy ; to pursue; to attend, accompany; D., aiv, iiri : i. 3. 6, l7s; 4. 13 s; 8. 19: ii. 3. 17; 6. 13. 6Tr-o(ivi5(ii,* 6/xod/j.aL, 6fx(b/jt.oKa,SL.&/x.o- aa, to swear to a statement, add an oath, vii. 5. 5 ; 8. 2. . eirpaxQilv, see TrpdrTW, ii. 1. 1. lirTo, indecl., septem, seven, 1. 2. 5s; 6. 4. Der. hept-aiichy. jeiTTa-Kai-ScKa indecl., also written lirrd Kttl ScKa, seventeen, ii. 2. 11. jliTTaKoo-ioi, ai, a, {eKaTov) seven hundred, i. 2. 3 ? 4. 3. 'Eirva|a, 77s, Epyaxa, queen of the Cilii;ians, friendly to Cyrus, i, 2. 12. lirv0dnTiv S lini0<5nT]V, see -rrwddvo^ai, i. 5. 15. €pdo» & M. poet, ^pafjiat,* a. p. as m. -qpaad-qv, to love, desire ardently, loivj for, G., iii. 1. 29 : iv. 6. 3. Cf. 0tXecj. tlp7d|ofJi.ai,* dao/xat, etpyaa-fiat, to work, labor, perform, do, 2 a.; to ivork upon land, &c., till; ii. 4. 22 : v. 6. 11. ^P70v, oj;, (Fep7-) WOKK, c^eec?, ac^;, ac^io?i ; o2}eration, execution ; fact, event, result : ra. els rbv iroXefiov ^pya, military or loarlike exercises : i. 9. 5, 10,18: iii. 2. 32; 3. 12; 5. 12. Der. EN-ERGY. Ipct, Ipsiv, &c., see 077/ii, i. 3. 5. epedrdai, see epcordw, ii. 3. 20. 'EpcTpievs, ecus, 6, a?i Eretrian. Eretria, an Ionian city on the south- west shore of Eubcea (now Negropont), was, next to Chalcis, the chief city on the island. It was destroyed by the Persians, b. c. 490, but rebuilt on a new site (now Kastri). vii. 8. 8. tIpTjfila, as, solitude, loneliness, isola- tion, privacy, ii. 5.9: v. 4. 34. Der. EKEMITE, HERMIT. ^pTjfJios, ov, or OS, t], ov,Q.., devoid of men, deserted, desert, desolate, uninhahited, unoccupied ; without inhabitants, oc- cupants, drivers, defenders, persons near or around, &c. ; destitute or void of, deprived of, g. : 6ios, ov, {^pi(pos kid) of a kid, kids', iv. 5. 31. €p|XT]V6vs, ews, 6, (Sp/iirjs Mercury, the god of speech) an interpreter, 1. 2. 17 : iv. 5. 10, 34. |€p(J.riveva), ei/uw, to interpret, v. 4. 4. Der. HERMENEUTIC. €poi)vTa, -T€s, &c., see (pripil, ii. 5. 2. IppcopiEVOS, ■»7,-0J', c. eppoopisuearepos, (pf.pt. oipuivvvp-L to strengthen) strength- ened, strong, resolute; neut. subst., energy, resolution; irpos: ii. 6. 11: iii. 1. 42. |lpp«nsv(os energetically, resolutely, vi. 3. 6. cp^Kco ch. poet. & Ion., i^^w Ep., a. "tfpv^a, to keep or ward off, A. dirb, iii. 1. 25 : akin to ^pv}jia, aros, to, {ipOopLai to defend) J gffXaTos a defence, protection; fortification, foT' tress, rampart ; i. 7. 16 : iv. 5. 9 s. 'Epx)-|xax.os, see Eupi^-/iaxos, v. 6. 21. Ipu[i,vds, ■??, bv, {ipvopLai to defend) fortified, defensible, strong for defence : ra epvp-vd the strongholds : i. 2. 8 : iii. 2. 23 : V. 5. 2. ^pX.ofJ.ai,* eXeijo-oputc, eXrjXvda, 2 a. fiXdov, to C07ne, go, AE. , d. eis, iiri, irapd, irpbs, &c., i. 1. 10 s; 3. 20 ; 7. 4 : iii. 1. 6, 18. For the pres. except in the ind., the ipf., and the fut., the Att. comm. used other verbs, esp. etpn. epw, €ipT)Ka, see 07?/xt, i.4.8: ii.5.12. epwvTes, see epdw, iii. 1. 29. J.^p«s, wros, 6, love, ardent desire or wish, I. as A. or G., ii. 5. 22. Der. EROTIC. Ipwrdttf,* ipcorria-u} & iprjaopiai, rjpii- TTjxa, a. r)pu}T7](ra or 2 a. m. Tjpb/j.Tji', to inquire, ask, question, interrogate (di- rectly or through another, v. 4. 2), 2 A., CP., 1. 3. 18, 20 ; 7. 9 : iv. 4. 5, 17. Is = the more comm. ets, 688 d. ^-8Ti\os, ov, very clear, quite evi- dent, iii. 1. 2 : v. 6. 13. €v-8ba, as, (Zeus, Atos) when Zeus is kind, fine weather,' a calm; hence, quiet, security ; v. 8. 19. c^-8o^os, ov, (56^a) of good fame, portending glory, vi. 1. 23 ? €v-€i8Tis, ^s, c. ia-repos, s. eararos, (eWos) of good appearance, fine-look- ing, well-formed, handsome, ii. 3. 3. ciJ-eXiris, I, g. i5o$, of good hope, hopeful, confident, ii. 1. 18. ev-eirl-OeTOS, ov, (iin-TidTjiui) easy of attack, D. : evewideTov ^v (impers.) to?s TToXepiiois it was easy for the enemy to make an attack, iii. 4. 20. t6V€p7€(r£a, as, well-doing, good ser- vice, beneficence ; a benefit, kindness^ favor ; ii. 5. 22 ; 6. 27. t6V6p76T€'«, TJO-W, eV€pyeT7)Ka OT €V7)p- y^TTjKa, to do a favor, confer benefits, ii. 6. 17. ev-epYerqs, ov, (^pyov) a well-doer, benefactor, ii. 5. 10 : vii. 7. 23 (as adj.). c^-^covos, ov, s., (ti^vT)) icell-girt as for exercise, prepared for active move- ment, lightly equipped ; hence, active, agile, nimble: iii. 3. 6 : iv. 2. 7; 3.20. tcwTJGcia, as, simplicity, folly, stu- pidity, i. 3. 16. ev-i^Giis, €s, {fjdos disposition) well- dispositioned, guileless; simple, fool- ish, stupid; i. 3. 16.- €v6eci>s adv. , {evd^s) straightway, im- mediately, iv. 7. 7 ? t€v9v|X€0), -qata, to make cheerful: M, to be in good spirits, enjoy one's self, iv. 5. 30. €-i5-6v}Ji,os, ov, c, in good spirits, cheerful, iii. 1. 41. CV0VS, eta, V, straight, direct : hence adv. evdvs straight2vay, directly, forth- with, immediately ; at the outset ; €vOv(DpOV 55 cuToXaos sometimes joined with a part, instead of the heading verb, 662 : evdvs Traides ovres iminediatelij [being] while chil- dren, from their very childhood (= ev- 6 us €K Trai8(i)u iv. 6. 14): evdvs iireLdr] dvTjyepdT] immediately [when he awoke] on his awaking, or as soon as he aivoke : i. 5. 8, 13, 15 ; 9. 4 : iii. 1. 13; 5. 12. 4.€v0v-ft)pov adv., {ibpa ?) straightfor- ward, right onward, ii. 2. 16. €«-K\eia, as, (/f Xeos) good fame, glo- ry, honor, vii. 6. 32 s. |EvKXei8r]s, ov, Euclldes, a sooth- sayer from Phlius in Peloponnesus, and a friend of Xenophon. Ace. to most mss., the same man or another of the same name was associated with Bi[t]on in his agency, vii. 8. 1, 3, 6 ^ evK\€tts (ev-K\€T)S glorious, iv. Kkeos) gloriously, loith glory, vi. 3. 17. €v-fJi£VTis, es, c. ecrrepos, {p.evos tem- per) xocll-disijosed, kind, gentle^ favor- able, 2 D., iv. 6. 12. ev-|i6Ta-X€Cpio-TOS, ov, (^era-xetptfw to handle, fr. xet'p) easily handled, easy to manage or impose upon, ii. 6. 20. teUvoia, as, good-ioill towards, g. ; affection, fidelity ; i. 8. 29 : iv. 7. 20. tevvoixois ivith good-will, affectionate- ly : ev. ^x^Lv to be attached, D., 1. 1. 5. ciJ-voos, ou, contr. cvvovs, ovv, c. ovarepos, well-minded, well-disposed, friendly, affectionate, attached, D., i. 9. 20, 30 : ii. 4. 16 : vii. 7. 30. evi|diJLT]v, see evxop-ai., iii. 2. 9. c^-^€Vos, Ion. €v-|€tvos, i^evos) hos- pitable : IIovTos Ei5|€ivos the Euxine or Black Sea, a sea Avhose early navi- gation was attended Avith so many dan- gers that it was called Uovtos "K^eLvos, the inhospitable sea. The establish- ment of Greek, chiefly Milesian, col- onies upon its shores removing some of these dangers, its name Avas changed on this account, or for better omen (cf. evd)vvp.os), to YibvTos Eu^eti'os, tlie hospitable sea. The Greeks carried on an extensive commerce Avith the Eux- ine, exchanging their manufactures, Avine, oil, works of art, &c., for corn, honev, Avax, timber, salt-lish, slaves, &c. IV. 8. 22 : V. 1. 1. tEu-oSevs, ews, either a proper name, Eiiodeus ; or a patrial, a Euodian, from the name of some place in Elis if the Hieronymus before mentioned is here meant; vii, 4. 18 : v. W Eivoblas. c{i-o8os, ov, s., easy of travel or ac- cess, 2)racticable, accessible, d. : impei's. exioh'w eaTLv the access is easy: iv. 2. 9; 8. 10, 12. ev-oirXos, ov, s., (oirXov) well-armed, ii. 3. 3. cw-ircTws adv., (ev-irerris falling well, of dice, &c., fr. ttItttu}) witJwut trouble, easily, with ease, ii. 5. 23. tev-iropia, as, ease of jiassage, tran- sit, or provision ; abundance, plenty of means, sufficiency ; v. 1. 6 ? vii. 6. 37. e-U-iropos, ov, easily passable, easy of passage or to pjass,easy, ii.5.9 : iii. 5. 17. eu-irpaKTOs, ov, c, (Trpdrrw) easy to effect, practicable, ii. 3. 20. cti-irpeTrTJs, es, {irpeiru) icell-looking, comely, handsome, iv. 1. 14. €v-'irp6t(m]p courage, courageous, spirited, brave, i. 7. 4. €v-Tux.6«, ifjau, e^uTuxv^^^ or rjvTvxv- Ka, (tvxv) io be fortunate or successful, to succeed, AE., i. 4. 17 : vi. 3. 6. \.€v-rv\-{]^a., aros, to, a success: ev- rvx^'i-v evTuxvP-^"- to gain or obtain a success, vi. 3. 6. Ewcj)pdTr]s, ov, the Euphrates, a noted river of western Asia, linked with the very dawn of history, and Avith some of its greatest empires and most signal events. It rises by two great branches in the mountains of Armenia ; and, after an estimated course of 1780 miles, enters the Per- sian Gulf, having formed with the Ti- gris a large alluvial tract, which is still rapidly increasing. The Cyreans forded the main river at Thapsacus, and the eastern branch not far from its source in Armenia, i. 3. 20 ; 4. 11: iv. 5. 2. II Fkat ; below the junction of the Tigris, Shat-el-A'rah; the north- ern branch, Kard-Su (Black Water) ; the eastern and greater branch, J^ht- rdd-Su (Water of Desire). tevxiri, ^s, prayer, wish, i, 9. 11. c{iX,0(JLai, ev^ofxat, edyfiai or r]vyfj.aL, to2yray, voio, make or offer one's 2Jrayers or vows ; to eXjjress a wish, to wish ; I. (a.) D., a. : evxovTO avrbv evTvxwai- wisJied him success : i. 4. 7, 17; 9. 11 : iii. 2. 9, 12 : iv. 3. 13 ; 8. 16, 25. 6v-«8t{s, €s, {6^(j}, pf. 65(x}8a, to smell) sweet-sinelling, fragrant, odoriferous, i. 5. 1 : iv. 4. 9 : v. 4. 29. cv-tGvv(ios, ov, {6uo,aa) of good name or omen, left : to evwvvixov {Kcpas) the left (wing) of an army. In the Greek system of augury (here unlike the Ro- man), indications from the left were deemed inauspicious. Hence, to avert any ill omen from mentioning this un- lucky quarter, the Greeks applied to it, by euphemism, the term evibwfios, just as they named the Furies Evfj^evi- 5es, the gracious goddesses ; cf. dpiare- pos, Evi€Lvos. i. 2. 15 ; 8. 4s, 9, 13, 23. €v-«X6ca, rjacj, {^x^) to entertain or feed another well or generously : M. to feed one's self or fare generously, to feast: iv. 5. 30: v. 3. 11. [1. 4. 4.€v-«xta, as, feast, entertainment, vi. I<|>* by apost. for liri, i. 2, 16. '(k^ayov, see ia-dico, ii. 3. 16. i^6.vr\v, see (paivta, i. 10. 19. 2a(rQV, see (pv/^h i- 4. 12. ?<|>-€8pos, ov, {edpa seat) sitting by : subst. l-4>e8pcs, ov, 6, an athlete sitting by when two were contending, ready to contest the prize with the con- queror ; hence, successor in the contest, avenger, ii. 5. 10: v. I. e'0opos. eij>-e'iro}Ji.ai,* exl/o/jiai, ipf. elTro/JiTjv, 2 a. iaTTofjLTjv, to follow upon or after, accompany ; to pursiie as a foe, jt??'css upon; D. ; ii. 2. 12 : iv. 1. 6s ; 6. 25. t'E<{)eo-tos, a, ov, Ejihesian, v. 3. 4, 6. "E6-€-€Tjv, 20o5, 17, ov, (e^'w) boiled, cooked, V. 4. 32. Icj)-^^.!,* -^(Tw, elKa, a. ■^/ca (cS, &c.), to send to : M. to yield one's self to, permit, D. i., vi. 6. 31 ? l<|>-l(rTTi{ii,* (xHiffca, ^d8iov 57 ^eid c.o8iov, ov, (odos) viaticum, pro- vision for the way or journey, travel- ling-money, vii. 3, 20 ; 8. 2. ^(f>-'o8os, ov, 7), a way to or upon, access, approach, eirl, ii.2.18 : iii.4.41. €<|)-opda),* 6\pofJLaL, eu}pdKa or eopdKa, 2 a. eWov, to look upon, view, behold, tuitness ; to keep in view or charge, ivatch over, guard; A.; iii. 1. 13 : vi. 3. 14: vii. 1. 30; 6. 31. c{|)-op|i€a),->7(rw,to lie moored against, to blockade, vii, 6. 25. ^(|>-opos, ov, 6, {i(f>-opd(a) an overseer, guardian; an Ephor, a popular ma- gistrate in some of the Doric states. The Spartan Ephori, five in number, were elected annually from the whole body of citizens as their especial rep- resentatives, and as general overseers of the state. . During their brief term of office, they were endowed with great powers, administrative, judicial, and censorial, even above those of the kings, ii. 6, 2s: 5. 10? i^vyov, see (peijyu, i. 2. 18 ; 9. 31. k\Qh = x^^^ yesterday, vi. 4. 18 ? ['^X^os, eos, t6, hate, hatred.] X'4\Qpa, as, inimicitia, enmity, hos- tility, animosity, ii. 4. 11. j.€x6pds,* a, bv, c. ex^iwv & s. e'x^t- 7/Ltta loss, penaltii) to punish, A. d. of penalty, vi. 4. 11. %t\Ti. pt. of d/ieXew) carelessly, incautiously, i. 7. 19. fi|jL€v, fjTC, "Jjo-av, see eifil, vii. 6. 9. Tip,£pa, as, (as if from rj/iepos, sc. upa, the viild time) tlie dMy (w. the art. often oin., 533 d), a day, i. 2. 6 ; 7. 2, 14, 18 : ii. 1. 2s ; 6. 7. See dp.a., p.eTd. Der. eph-emeral. T]p.£pos, ov, mild, tame ; cultivated or garden (trees), v. 3. 12. 1^p,€T€pOS, a, ov, {7)fJL€Ls) OUT.' 7] TJfie- Tepa, sc. xwpa, our territory : Ta ijfxe- Tepa our affairs, sometimes by periphr. for -^/iets : i. 3. 9 : iii. 5. 5 s : iv. 8. 6. f[|xi- in compos., semi-, half-^ HEMI-. T|p.i-Ppa)Tos, ov, half-eaten, i. 9. 26. ■qp.i-8dp£iKdv, ov, (bdpeiKos) a half- daric, i. 3. 21. f,ni8eifis 60 €'YVoovv, see d//.0t-7i'oea;,ii.5.33? ■i^v, contr. fr. edv, if i. 1. 4; 4. 15. ^v, •?j-T]v, see aip^co, iii. 1. 47 s. TipjjiTJvevov, see epp^rjveiju}, v. 4. 4. i^p^dp.T)v, fipxoRV, see ctpxw. T|p6(ti]v, T|p«T«v, f|p»TTi3-w, to condemn to death, A., ii. 6. 4. OaTTTto,* ddxpu), 2 a. p. erdcprju, to hury, inter, a., iv. 1. 19 : v. 7. 20. fOappaXeps, a, ov, c, courageous, hold, daring, confident, -rrpjs, iii. 2. 16. \.^a.ppoXi(jiscourageously, boldly, fear- lessly, confidently, with confidence, irpbs: TO ^x^Lv 6. to have one's self confident- ly, a feeling of confidence, fearlessness : 1. 9. 19 : ii. 6. 14 : vii. 3.29 ; 6. 29. tOappew, Tjcro}, reddpprjKa, to be cour- ageous or of good courage ; to be bold, fearless, or confident ; to take heart; to have no fear of. A.: pt. as adv., confidently, with confidence, ivithout fear, 674 d : i. 3. 8 : iii. 2. 20 ; 4. 3. Gdppos, eos, TO, courage, confidence, vi. 5. 17. " [7. 2. 4.6appt9v(i>, vvd, to encourage, cheer, i. Capo-- V. I. for 6app- in ddppos, &c. ©apviras, ov, Tlvxrypas, a favorite of Menon, ii. 6. 28. 0dT€pov or 9dT€pov, &c., by crasis for TO '^repov, &c., 125 b; pi. €k tov [sc. xwpi'oi;] eirl ddrepa [sc. fiepr]], fi'om [the region upon] the other or fartlier side, v. 4. 10. OaTTwv, ov, c. of rax»^s, i. 2. 17. 6av|ia, aros, to, {6do,aaL to gaze npon) wonder or a subject of ivonder, a marvel, vi. 3. 23. |0av}JLdt,«, daouai, less Att. dau), re- daijfxaKa, a. eOavfxaaa, to wonder, mar- vel, admire, be surj)rised or astonished, CP., A., G., 472 e, i. 2. 18 ; 3. 2 s ; 8. 16 ; 10. 16: vi. 2. 4. 4. 0av[id(rios, a, ov, s., wonderful, marvellous, admirable, G. ? ii.3.15: iii. I. 27. lOavfiaoTTos, 77, ov, s., to be wondered at, wonderfal, wondrous, strange, sur- prising, D., i. 9. 24 ? ii. 5. 15 : iv. 2. 15. t0a4'aKiivds, ov, 6, a Thapsacene, a man of Thapsacus, i. 4. 18. @di|/aKos, ov, 7), Thapsacus (Tiph- sah, i. e. passage or ford, 1 Kings 4. 24), a city near a much-frequented ford of the Euphrates, though the Thap- sacenes flattered Cyrus by saying that the river had never before been fordable at that point. Alexander here crossed by two bridges, doubtless of boats ; but LucuUus forded the stream with his army, and Ainsworth states that the depth of the w^ater was reduced to 20 inches in the autumn of 1841. i. 4. II. II Ruins near the Ford of the Anese- Beduins. 0e'a, as, (akin to ddo/xai. to gaze upon) a sight, spectacle, iv. 8. 27. 0£d, as, (^eos) a goddess, vi. 6. 17 (elsewhere i] debs, 174b, v. 3. 6 s, 13). |0€a-7evT]s, eos, see 9eo-7^j'7;s. t06d|JLa, aros, Tb, a sight, spectacle, iv. 7. 13. 06do|jLai, daoixai, TeOidixai, {dia) to look on, gaze at, behold, observe, vnt- ness, xoatch, perceive, see, with sur- prise, wonder, or admiration often im- plied, A. p., CP., i. 5. 8 : V. 7. 26 : vi. 5. 16. Cf, bpdiji. Der. theatre. 06tv to run, see ^ew, i. 8, 18. 0€ios, a, ov, {debs) divine, by divine interjyosition, supernatural, iniracu- lous, i. 4. 18. 0eXc«> to tvish, will, see iOeXu}. 06fJL€vos, 0evT€s, &c., see TidTjfxi. t0eo-'yevTis, eos, TMogenes, a lochage from Locris, \'ii. 4. 18 : v. I. Oea-yevrjs. t0€6-'7ro|x'n'os, ov, Theopompus, an Athenian, only mentioned by some mss., ii. 1. 12. Other mss. have here ^evocpQv, and two have ^evocjjQv in the text, and debireiiwos in the margin. We cannot suppose that there Avas a general named Theopompus, and it is extremely improbable that a person of inferior rank, so quiet and insig- nificant as to be nowhere else men- tioned, should have interfered in an intervie\v of the generals Avith the 62 G^pT, king's heralds. But Xenophon, who was with the army simply as the in- timate friend of P]-oxenus, and by the special invitation of Cyrus, held no position of inferiority. With entire propriety, he might be invited by Proxenus to attend him in the inter- view as a friend ; and might take part in the conversation to support him, if a lit occasion should arise. Com- pare i. 8. 15 : ii. 5. 37. Hence, also, Diodorus might naturally ascribe to Proxenus himself (xiv. 25) the words spoken by one who was present as his companion. How then could the change of name have arisen in some of the best mss. ? Perhaps as follows : in view of the subsequent preservation of the army through Xenophon, an enthusiastic reader may have written in the margin, by the side of his name, dejirofj-iros, the heaven-sent ( = deo-ire/j.- TTTos, while in the marginal deoTrefxiros the two forms seem blended) ; and, through a common mistake, a sub- sequent copyist may have understood as a correction what was simply meant as a comment, and have substituted it in the text. Oeos, oO, 6 T], deus, a god, deity, divinity, {i] debs goddess, iii. 2. 12 : v. 3. 6 s) : (ri/v rots deoh loith tJie hel]) of the gods, or by their loill or favor : irpbs Oeuv be- fore or by the gods. The art. is often omitted w. deot, 533 c. The Anabasis abounds in appeal or reference to "the gods," as a general expression for the Divine and Supreme Power (so 6 deos the Dcit-y, vi. 3. 18); but makes com- paratively little mention of any par- ticular god, showing how far poly- theism had lost its hold upon the Greek mind. i. 4. 8 ; Q.&: ii. 3. 22 s : iii. 1. 5 s, 23 s. Der. theism, atheist. 4. 0€o-o-€p€ia, as, {(xe^w to revere) piety, religion, ii. 6. 26. tOspairevw, ei(T, {O^pos summer, fr. d^poj to warm) to sjyend or ^>ass the summer, iii. 5. 15. 0£p|xa(ria, as, {depfibs warm, fr. ^ep(^} to ivarm) warmth, v. 8. 15. 0€pjX(68cov, OVTOS, 6, the Thermodon, a river of Asia Minor, flowing into the Euxine. Its banks were the fabled abode of the Amazons, v. 6. 9 : vi. 2. 1. II Thermeh-Chai. 6€ ov, Thcches, a mountain from which the Cyreans obtained their first and transporting view of the Eux- ine, iv. 7. 21. || Ace. to Strecker, Kolat- Dagh ; to others, Tekieh-Dagh, &c. @iPp6)v, wvos, Thibron, a Spartan general who was sent in the winter of 400-399 B. c, to protect the Ionian cities from the Persians, and who took the returned Cyreans into his service. From want of efficiency and good dis- cipline, he was superseded, in about a year, by Dercyllidas. In a later command against the Persians, h. c. 391, his carelessness cost him his life, vii. 6. 1 ; 8. 24 : v. I. QiiJ,j3pu3v. Qvr\?, 6v, c, (I'/cw) reaching the i. 2. 4 ; 5. 2, 13 ; 6. 2s ; 8, 7. desired end, sufficient, enough; ade quate, required; able, capable, com- petent, qualified, adapted : Uavov [sc. Xcopiov] a sufficient distance: i., d., 6s, d}s, &(TTe : i. 1. 5 ; 2. 1 ; 3. 6 ; 7. 7 : ii. 3. 4: V. 2. 30; 6.12, 30: vi. 4. 3. liKavws snfficicntlij, o^dequately, iv. 3. 31. tiKCTevo), fi'/o-oj, to sui^plicate, entreat, hcsczch, A. I., vii. 4. 7, 10, 22. IK6TTJS, ov, (i/cw) one who comes for aid, a suppliant, vii. 2. 33. j tl-mrtKos, 'n, ov, of ov for cavalry: I subst. l-mrLKov [sc. aTpdrev/xa or ttX^- I 60s] cavalry [force]: i. 3. 12 ; 9. 31. I ttiriro-SpoiJLos, ov, 6, a race-course for I horses, hippodrome, i. 8. 20. j I'lriros, ov, b Tj, a horse, mare : airb iTTTTov [from a horse] on horseback: ol : LTTiroL sometimes = oi iinreXs the horse, . cavalry : i. 2. 7 ; 8. 3, 18 : vii. 3. 39. i Der. HiPPO-POTAMUS {river-horse). i 'Ipts, tos or ibos, 6, the Iris, a con- - siderable river in the northeast part 'Ikoviov, ov, Iconium, an old city | of Asia Minor, flowing into the Eux- of Phrygia, near Lycaonia, in which ine, v. 6. 9 : vi. 2. 1. || The Yeshil- it was afterwards included. Paul Irmak, i. e. Green River. visited the city more than once, and 'tJ0«rcA, I |l. 25: iii. 1. 29 : iv, 3. 33 : v. 5. 17 s. set,settlecl,ov placed; to result ox cvcntu- '' Katpos, ov, 6, occasion, opportunity, a,te; et's, eiri (to set one's self to, under- , season, juiicture, crisis, a fitting, prop- take, vi. 1. 22): but 1 a. m. to station, \cr, special, ov particular time, i.: /cat- set, or appoint for one's self, A. : i. 1. pbs eanv it is the proper time, there is 3; 3. 8 ; 8. 3s, 6 : iv. 5. 19, 21. occasion; hence, there is need, it is KaQ-opaoi,^^ otpofiai, iuopdxa or eopd- necessary ov proper : ic Kaipcp in season, Ka, 2 a. eWou {idu, &c.), to look down' ojypoi'tunely, according to tlie occasion, upon, view, inspect, descry, discern, to the purpose : irpoawrepw rod Kaipov perceive, see. A., i. 8. 26 ; 10. 14. farther than there ivas occasion, farther Kttt* conj. & adv., (akin to Lat. than v:as necessary ov expedient : i.T .^ : que) and; often with a strengthened iii. 1.36, 39, 44: iv. 3. 34; 6.15. idea, which we express in Eng. by Kai-roi conj., and indeed, and cer- adding an adverb, and also, and even, and indeed, and especially, and the rather, and therefore ; also, even (some- times translated by other adverbs of tainly, and yet, however ; though, al- though ; i. 4'. 8 : y. 7. 10 : vii. 7. 39. Kaio> & Att. Kao),* KaOau}, KenavKa, to hum (trans.), set on fire, consicme like force, further, moreover, really, 1 by hre ; to kindle, maintain, or keep indeed, yet, still, only, &c.); i. 1. 1 s ; \^ip a fire, keep a fire burning ; of a 3. 6, 13, 15 ; 6. 10 : iv. 5. 15 : vi. 2. 10 : i surgeon, to cauterize; a. : M. or P., Kal dq (Kai) and now {even), in suppo- \to burn, intrans. : i. 6. 1 s : iii. 5. 3, sition, V. 7. 9: Kal el (or edv, &c.), et 5s: iv. 5. 5 s : v. 8. 18. Der. caustic. Kai even if, although (and so Kai w. a j kclkcivos = Kal eKeivos, ii. 6. 8 ? part., like Kaiirep q. v.), iii. 2. 10, 22, j iKaK6-voia,as,ill-iviIl,Trp6s,\ii.7.4:5, 24 : T^ . . Kai, Kal . . Kai, both . . and, > tKttKO-voos, ov, contr. KaKo-vovs, ovv, i. 3. 3 ; 8. 27_; see dXXcas. Kai is often | evil-minded, ill-disposed, ill-affected, used where in Eng. no connective, or inimical, d., ii. 5. 16, 27. one more specific Avould be preferred j t KaKO-iroie'w, 170-0;, to do evil to, treat (as for, wJien, but, as, &c.), 7020, 705, 1 ill, maltreat, a., ii. 5. 4? ii. 2. 10 ; 3. 18 : iv. 6. 2 : v. 4. 21. In KaKos, v, ov, c. KaKtcjv, s. KaKcaros, annexing several particulars, the Eng. | bad, evil, ill, loicked, vile, base, xvorth- more frequently uses the copulative i Zc5^5, d., irepi: bad in war, cowardly: w. the last only ; but the Greek w. subst. KttKov, ov, an evil, harm, in- all or none, i. 2. 22 : iii. 1. 3. The jury, mischief: i. 3. 18 ; 4. 8 ; 9. 15 : special relation of Kal to the Avord fol- ! ii. 5. 5, 16, 39. Der. caco-phony. lowing (and not to the word preced- j |KaKovp-y€«, -qcruj, to work evil to, to ing, as in the case of so vxi^w^ ^d.vX\-\injure,harm,harass, annoy, K.,y\.\.\. cles) wiJl not fail to be observed. For jKascovpYos, ov, {epyov) working evil, Kal yap, Kai yap ovv, see yap. Cf. de. KdiKos (l), 01;, 6, the Ca'icus, a river in the southwest part of Mysia, flow- ing near Pergamuni and through a fertile plain, vii. 8. 8, 18 ? HThe Ba- kir-Chai. criminal: masc. subst., an evil-doer, malefactor : i. 9. 13. jKaKoo), ibcno, pf. p. KeKaKio/xai, to in' jure, A., iv. 5. 35. JKaKws adv., c. kuklov, s. KaKia-ra, badly, ill; injuriously ; ivretchedly. KaKOKTlS 68 Kapiroo) miserahly, uncomfortably ; i. 4. 8 ; 5. 16 ; 9. 10 : iii. 1. 43 : iv. 4. 14. See iKaKwcris, ews, t}, ill-trcatinent, abuse, G., iv. 6. 3. tKa\d|ir], Tjs, straw, v. 4. 27. KdXa}xos, Of, 6, calamus, a reed; collectively, fen- plants of this kind ; i. 5. 1 : iv. 5. 26. Der. calamity. KoXco),* KaXeaoj AraXtD, KeKXrjKa, a. iKdXeaa, a. p. eKXriOrfv, calo, to CALL, summon, invite, A. 67rt : to call, name, 2 A. : TO Mrjdias KaXovjxevov reixos the so-called tcall of Media : sometimes 31., to call to or for ones self, a. : i. 2. 2,8: ii. 4. 12: iii. 3.1: vii.3.15; 6.38. KaXiv8£'o|iai in pr. & ipf., (akin to KvXxoo) to roll, intrans., v. 2. 31 ? tKaXX-wpeo), tJctw, KeKaXXi€pr]Ka,{i€p6v) A. k M. to sacrifice favorably or ivith good omens, to obtain good auspices in sacrifice, v. 4. 22 : vii. 1. 40 ; 8. 5. tKoXXt-jtaxos, ov, Callimachus, a brave and ambitions locbage from Parrhasia in Arcadia, iv. 1. 27; 7. 8. tKaXXiwv, KoXXio-TOs, see KaX6s. tKaXXos, eos, rb, beauty, ii. 3. 15. Der. CALLI-STHENICS. J KaXX-cdirio-ftds, ov, 6, {Cb\{/ face) fine appearance, ornament^ adornment, 1. 9. 23. KttXds,* ?7, bv, c. KaXXtwv, s. kclXXl- CTos, beautiful (of 'both ])hysical and moral beauty, and also with reference to use or promise), beauteous, luind- some, fine, fair ; honorable, noble ; favorable, pro2ntious, auspicio7is ; ex- cellent, good; I.: to KaXbu honorable conduct, honor: eh KaXbv for good, op- portunely : i. 2. 22 ; 8. 15 : ii. 6. 18 s, 28 : iv.V. 3 ; 8. 26. 'A7a^6s refers more to the essential quality of an object, and /caXos more to the impres- sion which it produces upon the eye or mind. See dpiaTos. KdXin^, 77s, Caljjc, a place with a good harbor, on the Bithynian coast of the Euxine, where Xenophon evi- dently longed to found a city, vi. 2. 13 ; 3. 24 ; 4. 1. !| Kirpeh. KaXxT]8ovia, KaXxT]8»v, = XaXK-rj- dopia, XaXK7}5(J}v, 167 b, vi. 6. 38 ? KaXws adv., c. kclXXIov, s. /cdXXtcrra, (KoXbs) beautifully, handsomely, fine- ly, honorably, properly ; favorably, prospercnisly, successfully, advanta- geously ^ well : KaXQs ^x^iv or elj'at to be, go, or result well, be right, proper, safe, in good condition, properly ar- ranged, &c. : i. 2. 2 ; 8.13; 9. 17 s, 23 : iii. 1. 6 s, 16, 43. See eyw, irpdrTio. Kupivco, Kafj-ou/xaL, K€Kjj.r/Ka, 2 a. ^Aca- fiov, to labor, toil; to be tveary, fa- tigued, exhausted, disabled, sick: ol Kd,avovT€s the sick or disabled: p. : iii. 4. 47: iv. 5. 17 s: v. 5. 20. Kdp.01, K&v, Kdv, KavTcvOev, Kdireira, by crasis for /cat efxcl, Kal dv, kol ev, koI euTevOcv, Kcd eweiTa, i. 3. 20 : ii. 3. 9. Kdv8vs, fos, 6, an outer garment with large sleeves, worn b}^ the Medes and Persians ; an overcoat, robe; i. 5. 8. KaiTT^Xciov, ov, [KdirriXos caupo, huck- ster) a Mickster's shop, an inn, i. 2. 24. KairtGr], rjs, a capithe, a Persian measure = 2 xoti'i/ces, i. 5. 6. Kairvds, ov, 6, smoke, ii. 2. 15, 18. Ka'n"ira8oK£a, as, Capjmdocia, a mountainous region in the eastern part of Asia Minor, north of the Taurus, chiefly pastoral, and noted for its fine horses. Its men were reputed as of little worth, i. 2. 20; 9.7: vii. 8. 25. Kdirpos, ov, 6, aper, a ivild boar, ii.. 2. 9. Kap^arCvt], 77s, a carbatine or brogue, a rude protection for the foot, resem- bling a low moccasin, and said to have been named from its Carian origin, iv, 5. 14 (777. 2). Kap8la, as, cor, the heart, ii. 5. 23. Der. CARDIAC. tKap8oiix6ios or KapSovxios, a, ov, Carduchian (Koordish), iv. 1. 2 s. Kap8ovxos, ov, 6, a Carduchian. The CardUclii were a race of fierce, independent, and predatory moun- taineers, living east of the Tigris, from whom the modern Koords have de- rived their name, lineage, and charac- ter, iii. 5.15: iv. 1.8s. \\AKoord,in Armenian Kordu, plur. Kordukh (to the plur. ending of Avhich, the -xoi in KapSouxot seems analogous). KdpKao-os, ov, 6, Carcasus, a small and otherwise unknown stream, vii. 8. 18 : V. I. KdtVos. tKapiraCa, as, the Carpaian or [Crop] Farm Dance, a mimic dance of the Thessalians, vi. 1. 7. Kapirds, ov, b, the produce, fruits, or crojys of the earth, ii. 5. 19. |Kapirdw, cicrw, to bear fruit : M. to gather the fruits of, reap, a., iii. 2. 23. Kdporos 69 KaraGedoiiou. Kdp or yor\Tiv(a, evaoj, (7677s a wizard) to bewitch, spell-hind, A., V. 7. 9. Kar-dYw,* d^w, ^x^-^ 2 a. i^yayov, to lead or bring down or back, restore, to bring [down from the high sea] ashore ov into iJort, a.: sc. irXola, kc, to put in, come ashore : M. to return, arrive, eirl : i. 1. 7 ; 2. 2 : iii. 4. 36 : v. 1. 11 s : vi. 6. 3. Kara-Sairavdw, tjctw, dedaTrdy-rjKa, to expend to the bottom, wholly consume, trans., ii. 2. 11. Kara-SeiXido), cco-w, (SetXos) to cower down, shrink from through fear, A., vii. 6. 22. Kara-SiKd^ci), dcro), dediKaKa 1., (dt- Kd^oj to judge, St/c??) to give sentence against, condemn, pass judgment, g. I., 6'rt, V. 8. 21 : vi. 6. 15. KaTa-8i(0KCi), * w^w or db^ofjcai, dedico- Xa, to chase or drive down or off, a., iv. 2. 5. KaTa-8o|d^(i), d(TO}, to judge to any one's discredit, i. (a.), "vii, 7. 30. KaTa-8paji6iv, -wv, see /cara-rpex'^- KaTa-8v&>,* 8iJ(roj, dedvKa, 1 a. edvaa, 2 a. ^bvv, to sink down, droicn, a., i. 3. 17: J/., w. pf. & 2 a. act., to sink or drovjn, intrans., Kard, /aexp^, iii- 5. 11: iv. 5. 36: vii. 7. 11. KaTa-6€dop,ai, daoixai, rededfiai, to look down upon, view or survey, take a view or survey, a., i. 8. 14 : vi. 5.30. KaraOe'iJ^yos 70 KaTairqSdw KaTa-6€|Ji.EVOs, see KaTa-TlOrjixi, KaTa-0eo>,* deva, 2 a. eXa^ov, pf. p. €'LX7]/j.^u.at, a. ^. iXrj- (pdyjv, to take down, seize upon, seize, occupy, take possession of, take hy sur- prise, overtake, catch, A. ; to light ujjon, find, A. p. ; i. 3. 14 ; 8. 20 ; 10. 16, 18 : ii. 2. 12: iii. 1.8; 3.8s: iv.5.7,24,30. Kara-XeYft),* Xe^w,to reckon or charge against one, account, a. qtl, ii. 6. 27. Kara-XeiTrto, * XeL^io, 2 pf. XiXoLira, 2 a. tXiTTov, a. p. iXeicpdi^u, to leave down in its place, leave behind, leave, abandon, desert, a. : M. to remain be- hind : i. 2. 18; 8. 25 : iii. 1. 2; 2. 17-, 5. 5 : V. 6.^12. Kara-Xevb), Xevcroi}, a. p. iXeijaOrjv, (Xeuw to stone) to stone [down] to death, A., i. 5. 14 : V. 7. 2, 19, 30. KaTa-XT]\j/o|i,ai, -Xt]<{)0«, see Kara- Xafj.(3dvcj, i. 10. 16 : iv. 7. 4. Kara-XiTrgiv, -Xnrtjv, see Kara-Xeiiroo. Kar-oXXaTTw,* d^w, ijXXaxa, 2 a. p. TjXXdyTiv, {oXXaTTO) to change, dXXos) to change to a settled or calm state, as from enmity to friendship, to rec- oncile : P. to he or become reconciledy i. 6. 1. Kara-Xo-yt^ofJiai, laofiaL lovfiai, \e\6- yta-fxaL, to set down to one's account, compute, reckon, consider, a., v. 6. 16. KaTa-X«w,* Xva(a, XeXvKa, to loose from under, unyoke; hence, to halt, rest ; to dissolve, terminate, A. ; to cease from action or contest, make peace, irpbz : i. 1. 10 ; 8. 1 ; 10. 19 : vi. 2. 12. KaTa-}iav6dv(o,* ixad-qcroiiai, fj-e/xd- d7}Ka, 2 a. €[xadov, to learn thoroughly, observe well, understand, perceive, find, A. cp., p., i. 9. 3: ii. 3. 11 : v. 8. 14. KaT-a|X€X£(o, Tytrw, rjfiiXijKa, to he quite negligent, v. 8. 1. KaTa-(i€Vft),* /xevC}, fiefxevrjKa, a. ejnei- va, to remain upon the spot, remain, stay behind, settle down, v. 6. 17, 19, 27 ': vi. 6. 2, 28. KaTa-p.€pi^a), lew iw, to divide into portions, distribute, A. d., vii. 5. 4. KaTa-[XT]v^£«), -caw, p.€fx.r}vvKa, to in- form against, expose, 'make known, A., ii. 2. 20 ? Kara-fi.i'yvvfJ.i or -via* fii^o}, (judyi'v- [XL misceo, to mix) to mingle down : M. intrans. Kare/xiyvvovTo els rds irb- Xeis they [mingled down into the cit- ies] settled in the cities, mingling ivith tlie inhabitants, vii. 2. 3. Kara-voew, rjaw, vevorjKa, to observe, watch, or consider carefully, discern, reflect ujjon. A., i. 2. 4 : vii. 7. 43, 45. KaT-avTi-irepds or -dv (also written /car dvTiirepas or -av) [along the region over against] over against, opposite, G., i. 1. 9\ iv. 8. 3. KaTa-irefJLTrft),* Tr^/xi/'o;, iriirofi(})a, to send doion, as fr. the interior to the sea-coast. A., i. 9. 7. KaTa-ireo-giv, -wv, see KaTa-iriwTb}. KaTa-ircTpdta, d>ao}, to stone [down] to death, A., i. 3. 2. KaTa-irT]8da), rjcro/xai, ireTriqS-qKa, a. KaTaimrra) 71 Karcxo) iinqStjaa, {inrjhdio to hap) to leap or spring down, diro, i. 8. 3, 28. KaTa-irtirro), * ireaodixaL, ireirTiOKa, 2 a. eireaov, to fall down or to the ground, fall of from a horse, iii. 2. 19. KaTa-'iroX€|Xsa), 7?craj, ireiro\eix7]Ka, to war down, conquer in icar, A. , vii. 1. 27. KaTa-irpaTTO),* Trpd^w, ireirpaixa., to accomplish, achieve, gain : M. to accom- plish, tb;., for one s self : A. D. : i. 2. 2 : vii. /. 17, 27, 46. Kar-apaoftat,* (icro/xat, ijpdjxai, {dpd- o/ittt to pray) to pray against, invoke curses upon, eo:eerate, curse, D., v. 6. 4 : vii. 7. 48, KaTtt-o-p€VVV}U,* a^eaoj, ea^-qKa, ((TJ3€vuv,u.L to quench) to e^:ti7iguish or pict out entirely, a., vi. 3. 21, 25. KaTa-crKeSavvvfJii,* aKeddau} crKedQ, A. or M. to sprinkle or throw clown, as the Aviiie remaining in one's cup, A. G. ? vii. 3. 32 ? KaTa-o-KeiTTOfiai,* aKe.pofiai, eaKeix- aai, to look down upon, inspect, ex- aininCy a., i. 5. 12. KaTa-, "OTUi, or -(rKT|vda>, d^aix}, to camp down, encamp, iv, els, ii. 2. 16 : iii. 4. 32 s: vii. 4. 11. KaTa-o-JCOTTTJ, 77s, (KaTa-crKeirTOfiai) inspection, espionage, vii. 4. 13. KaTa-CTrdo),* dao), ecnraKa, a. p. ift),* e^poj, earpocpxl., to bend down, overturn : J/, to subjugate to one's self, subdue, conquer, a., i. 9. 14 : vii. 5. 14 ; 7. 27. KaTa-o-4>aTTa>,* d^w, 2 a. ^. iatpd- yrjv, to jnd to death, a., iv. 1. 23. KaTa-o-X€iv, see /car-e'xw, iv. 8. 12. KaTa-o-xt^ti>, iaoj, to split or Jiew down, cut or burst through, a., vii. 1. 16. KttTa-T€iVft),* T€vu}, TeraKu, to stretch tight, strain, urge, insist, ii. 5. 30. Kara-Tcp-vw,* re/iu), reTfnjKa, to cut down or rw pieces; cut or rfzgr ditches; A.; ii. 4. 13 : iv. 7. 26. KaTa-Ti9T]p,i,* d-qcToj, TedeiKO,, 2 a. 771.. id€,ur)v, to ^Jit^ down: 21. to put doiun or deposit one's own or for one's self, ^0 to?/ or treasure wo, reserve, secure, a. D., eis, ev, irapd, i. 3. 3 : ii. 5. 8 : V. 2. 15 : vii. 6. 34. Kaxa-TiTpwo-Kw,* Tp(joau>, to wound severel}^ a., iii. 4. 26 ? iv. 1. 10. Kara-Tp4\(ii,* 8pafwd/xai., dedpdfnjKa, 2 a. edpa,aov, to run down, v. 4. 23. KaT-avXl^op.ai, icro/xai, r)v\ia-fjiM.i 1., a. jL). 7)v\Ladr}p, to camp down, enca.mp, iv, vii. 5. 15. KaTa-a7€iv, see Kar-eo-^toj, iv.8.14. KaTa-4>aviqs, es, {(paivu) clearly seen^ in plain view, conspicuous, visible, in sight, i. 8. 8 : ii. 3. 3 ; 4. 14. KaTa-()>evYa>,* (pev^ofiai, Tre^irya, 2 a. e(f>vyov, to flee for refuge, take refuge, escajje, eis, i.5.13: iii. 4. 11. KaTa-pove6), •J70T]V, see Kara-Xa/jL^duu}, i. 8. 20 : iv. 1. 20 s. KaT-€ip.i,* ipf. yeiv, (elui) to go or come dmcn, descend, v. 7. 13. KaT-€ixov, see /car-ex'*'* i^- 2. 6. KaT-€p"Ya^op.ai,* dayov, to eat down or, from a differ- ent form of conception, ecU up, devour, iv. 8. 14. Kar-eo^v, -eo-rqca, see Kad-ia-TTjfjLi. KaT-eT€Tp,T||XT]v, scc Kara-Te/Jivu). KaT-erpoxra, see Kara-rtrpwa-zca;. KaT-ex«,* e^w or (xxv<^^, ^(^X'H'^^'-j ipf. etxoj', 2 a. l(rxoj', to hold dmcn or /as^, retain, restrain, a.; ^0 forbid, compel, A. I. ; to occupy, hold, possess, A. ; to [have one's self or one's vessel] come from the high sea to the shore. KaTi\yopi(a 72 Kep^epos to arrive "by sea, land; ii. 6. 13 : iii. 1. 20 : iv. 2, 5 s : vi. 1. 33 : vii. 7. 28 s. KaT-T]"yop€0), -qaw, Kar-Tf/SpTjKa, {dyo- pevo)) to speak against, accuse, charge, denounce, G. CP. , Trpos, v. 7. 4 : vii. 7. 44, j. KaT-'q'yopia,as, aTi accusation, charge, V. 8. 1. KaT-T]p6|xi5«, /(Toj tcD, or Kar-'qpcixea), ?y(rw, {ijp^iJ.a quietly) to quiet down, calm, tranquillize, A., vii. 1. 22, 24. KaT-i8€iv, -t8oi(it, -i8iov, OV, {rdcfios) an empty tomb, CENOTAPH, vi. 4. 9. The super- stition of the Greeks respecting the essential importance of burial rites, inclined them especially to pay this tribute to the unrecovered dead. K6VT€, i;^w, K€Kripvxo., to proclaim, as a herald, or by a herald, d. i. (a.), AE., CP., ii. 2, 21 : iii. 4. 36 (eKrjpv^e, sc. 6 Kr}pv^, proclamation was made, 571 b) : iv. 1. 13 : vii. 1. 7, 36. KT]({>i(ro-S(i)pos, 01^, 6, Cephisodorus, a lochage from Athens, iv. 2. 13, 17; son of Ki](j>i(ro-4>(ov, cDj/ro?, 6, Cephisophon, an Athenian, iv. 2. 13, KiPidTiov, ov, (dim. of kIjSootos a looodcn box) a chest, vii. 5. 14. tKiXiKia, as, Cilicia, the southeast province of Asia Minor, occupying a narrow, but well-watered and fertile space between Mt. Taurus and the Mediterranean. Cicero was proconsul of Cilicia, b. c, 51 ; and here Pompey subdued the pirates, B. c. 67. i. 2. 20s. Its name remains in the present /c/it'Z?', KtXi|, iKos, 6, a Cilician, i, 2, 12 : 4. 4. — Feminine jKiXio-o-a, 77s, a Cilician woman (or queen), i. 2, 12, 14, tKiv8uv€w«, evau}, KCKivdOvevKa, to be in peril, incur or encounter danger, AE. ; to be in danger of, to be likely, i. ; Kivbvvevei as inipers., there is danger : i, 1. 4 : iv. 1, 11 : v. 6. 19 : vii. 6. 36. KivSvvos, ov, 6, danger, peril, risk : KLvdvvbs (ia-Ttp) there is danger, I. (a.), [li} '. TovTo kIvSvuos this is a danger, there is danger of this : i. 7. 5 : ii. 5.17: iv. 1. 6 : V. 1. 6 : vii. 7. 31. KiV€o>, 7fas, aos, Att. ous (224 b), c^ar^- 7iess, dark, dusk, iv. 5. 9. KVTi|iLs, ido$, 7], (KVTjixr) the leg between the knee and ankle) a greave or leggin, a defence for the lower leg, comm. metallic among the Greeks. The use of such greaves indicated completeness of armor, and hence, in Homer, the frequent use of ivKurifudes, well-greaved, as an epithet for the Greeks, i. 2. 16. KOYxr], 77s, concha, a muscle or cockle, akindofshell-iish,v.3.8. Der. conch. j.KO'Yx.'"XtdTr|s, Of, adj., shelly, con- taining petrified shells, iii. 4. 10. KoiXos, rj, ov, hollow, cut by deep valleys, v. 4. 31. Cf. coelum. KOtjJLao), Tjcrw, (akin to Keifiai) to put to sleep : M., w. a or. p., to go to sleep or rest, to sleep, repose, ii. 1. 1. Kotvos, Vi, bv, {^vv, cf. Lat. con-) communis, common, joint, owned or shared in common, public, D. : to kol- vbu the common stock, the public or gen- eral council or authority (so, w. art. om., airb Koijfov): Koivrj as adv., in co7nmon, jointly, , Tjact}, KeKOLVibvQKa, to share in, have the common benefit of, G., vii. 6. 28. \. KOivcovos, ov, 6, a sharer, partaker, partner, G., vii. 2. 38. KotpaTa8T]s or -as, ov, Coeratades or -as, a Theban, who commanded Boe- otian troops under Clearchus, when the latter was harmost at Byzantium, B. 0. 408 . Taken prisoner by the Athe- nians, but afterwards escaping, he made himself ridiculous by wandering about Greece in search of military command, vii. 1. 33, 40. KoiTOt, wv, or Koirat, dv, ol, the Coeti or -oe, perhaps another name for the l^doxoi., vii. 8. 25. KoXd^w, daw, A. k M. to chastise, punish. A., ii. 5. 13 ; 6. 9 : v. 8. 18. JKoXao-is, ews, i}, chastisement, pun- ishment, vii. 7. 24. Cf. /c6Xos clipped. KoXoorcai, (av, al, Colossce, a city in southwest Phrygia, on the Lycus, a branch of the Mseander. It was the seat of one of the early Christian churches, to which Paul wrote an epistle, i. 2. 6. || Ruins near Khonos. tKoXxls, i5os, 17, Colchis, a land southeast of the Euxine, watered by the Phasis and other rivers, whose golden sands, it has been thought, suggested the fable of the golden fleece, iv. 8. 23. As fem. adj., Col- chian, v. 3. 2. KoXxos, ov, 6, a Colchian. The Colchi were thought by Hdt., from their complexion, language, practice of circumcision, linen manufactures, &c., to be of Egyptian descent, per- haps a colony remaining behind from the army of Sesostris. The Cyreans seem to have met with only a border and weaker tribe of this people, iv. 8. 8 s, 24^: v. 2.^1. KoXuvos, ov, 6, collis, a hill, mound, cairn, iv. 7. 25. Kojxavia, as, Comania, a castle or town in southwest Mysia, not far from Pergamum, vii. 8. 15. tK0)ii8-rj, rj$, conveyance, transport, V. 1. 11. KoyXya, L(TU iw, KCKofiiKa, {KOfxio} to tend) to take care of; to convey, bring, carry : M. to convey, bring, take, or remove one's own : A. eiri, kc. : iii. 2. 26 : iv. 5. 22 ; 6. 3 : V. 4. 1 ; 5. 20. t Koviards, 'ri, bv, (koviu plaster) plas- tered, cemented, iv. 2. 22. t Kovi-oprds, ov, 6, {dpvvfii to stir up) a cloud or body of dust, i. 8. 8. [kovis, tos, Att. ews, i), dust.] Koiros, ov, 6, {KbiTTw) fatigue, weari- ness, V. 8. 3. Koirpos, ov, 7], dung, ordure, i. 6. 1. KOTTTto,* KbxJ/u}, KiK0(f)a, to strike,sviite, cut, cut down, slaughter; to beat or KopT] 75 KpVis "knock upon a door or gate for admis- sion ; A. ; ii. 1. 6 : iv. 8. 2 : vii. 1. 16. KopT], 77s, (/cijoos hoy, lad) a girl, maiden, damsel, iv. 5. 9. KopcwTTJ, rjs, Corsote, a large city on the north side of the Euphrates, which the Cyreans found deserted (perhaps only temporarily, on account of the approach of the army). The Mascas, which flowed around it, is supposed to have been a canal that still exists and makes with the Eu- phrates the island Werdi, on which are extensive ruins, i. 5. 4. KopvXas, 01; or a, Corylas, a prince of Paphlagonia, who aspired at in- dependence, and disobeyed the sum- mons of Artaxerxes to join him with his army, of which the cavalry was especially excellent, v. 5. 12 ; 6. 11. Kopv({>i^, T)s, (Kopvs helmet) the top of the head, of a mountain, &c. ; highest point, summit, peak ; iii. 4. 41. Kopcov€ia, ay, Coronea, an ancient city in the western part of Boeotia. On the plain before it, the Boeotians won their independence by defeating the Athenians, b. c. 447; and here the Spartans under Agesilaus gained the victory in a hard-fought battle with the Bceotians, Athenians, and their allies, B. c. 394. v. 3. 6 ? || Ruins near Camari. t Koar\ii(a, rjcrci}, KeKocTfirjKa, to regulate, arrange, order, marshal ; to decorate, adorn ; A. ; i. 9. 23 : iii. 2. 36. Der. COSMETIC. tKd(r|xios, a, ov, orderly, well-disci- pliiied, vi. 6. 32. Koo-|ios, 01;, 6, {Ko/xeu} to tend ?) order, equipment, ornament, decoration, gar- niture, D., i. 9. 23 ? iii. 2. 7. Der. cos- MICAL, MICRO-COSM. KoTvwpa, wv, TO,, Cotyora, a city on the southern shore of the Euxine, a Sinopean colony. Here the long and severe foot-march of the Cyreans was relieved by sailing, v. 5. 3. || Ordu. |KoTuwptTT)s, ou, a Cotyorite or Co- tyorian, v. 5. 6 s, 19. Koi)({>os, T}, ov, light (not heavy) : Xopzoi Kou(pos [light] dry grass, hay, i. 5. 10 : vi. 1. 12. |Kou4>c«)3 lightly, nimbly, vi. 1. 5. KpaXfii * r., d^w 1., 2 pf. pret. KeKpd- 7a, to cry or call aloud, make outcry, vii. 8. 15. Kpavos, eos, t6, (Kapa head) a helmet or casque ; among the Greeks, comm. of metal, with movable pieces for fuller protection, lined, and fastened under the chin ; among some nations, of leather ; i. 2. 16 ; 8. 6 : v. 4. 13. Kpargft), TjCTd}, K€KpdT7]Ka, (Kpdros) to have power over, to ride, control, be superior, be sovereign over ; to master ^ conquer, worst, vanquish, overcome; to hold or maintain a military post ; G., A.; i. 7. 8: ii. 5. 7 : v. 6. 7, 9. KpdTTJp, ripos, 6, {KepdvvvixL) a mixing- vessel, esp. for mixing wine and wa- ter ; a large howl, iv. 5. 26, 32. KpaTtO-TOS, KpCtTtCTTa, SCC Kpe'lTTOifV. Kparos, eos, to, strength, might,power, force : Kara. Kparos [according to force] with might and main, with vigor, by force of arms, i. 8. 19 : vii. 7. 7. Der. AUTO-CKAT. See dva. KpavYTJ, 71$, {Kpd^u}) a loud cry, out- cry, shout, shouting, noise, clamor, i. 2. 17 ; 5. 12 ; 8. 11 : iii. 4. 45. Kpeas, Kpeaos, contr. Kpeios, rj, caro, flesh : pi. Kpea pieces of flesh, flesh, meat, esp. cooked, i. 5. 2s : iv. 5. 31. KpeiTTWV,* ov, KpCLTlO-TOS, V, OV, C. & s. of the Ep. Kparvs strong, but comm. referred to dyados, d., i. : c. better, superior; stronger, more powerful; more efficient, useful, serviceable, or valuable ; i. 2. 26 ; 7. 3 : iii. 1.4: s. best, ablest, noblest, highest in rank; most powerful, distinguished, eminent, useful, or valuable ; i. 5. 8 : 9. 2, 20 s : iii. 4. 41 : — adv. KpaTto-ra (as s. to eS, c. KpeiTTov) best; most stoutly, bravely, successfully, or advantageous- ly ; to the best advantage ; iii. 2. 6, 27. Kp€p.ap.ai,^ rja-ofjLai, to hang (intrans. ), he hung up, iiri, virep, iii. 2. 19 : iv.1.2. 4. Kpe(i,dvvvp,t, * Kpefjido-u) Kpep-Q, a. p. eKpefidadrjv, to hang up, suspend, A., i. 2. 8 : vii. 4. 17. KpifjvTj, 7]s, (Kapa, Kaprjvov, head ?) a fountain, spring of water, i. 2. 13. Kpriirls, ISos, 7], crepido, a founda- tion, base, iii. 4. 7, 10. KpiQS, KpTjTos, 6, a Cretan, a man of KprfTTj (Crete, now Candia), the large island south of the iEgean, prominent in the early history of Greek civiliza- tion ; where, according to fable, Zeus was born, where Minos reigned and gave laws, which Homer styles e/ca- rdfiTToXis hundred-citied, and credits Kpie^ 76 Kvpcios with 80 vessels sent to the siege of Troy. Its soldiers had a high reputa- tion as light-armed troops, and 200 Cretan bowmen rendered good service to the Cyreans. i.2.9: iv.2.28; 8.27. Der. CRETACEOUS. Kpt9ifi, 77s, eh. pi., harley, i. 2. 22. \. KpiGivos, ri, ov, of harley : oXvo% k. [barley wine] beer : iv. 5. 26, 31, Kptvco,* KpXvC}, K€KptKa, a. ^Kpiva, a. p. eKfndrjv, to distinguish, select; to Judge, decide, he of opinion ; to try a person accused ; A. i. ; i. 5. 11 ; 9. 5, 20, 28, 30 : vi. 6. 16, 25. Der. critic. Kpios, ov, b, (Kepas ?) a ram, ii. 2. 9. KpCo-ks, ews, 7], (Kpivw) trial, judg- ment, i. 6. 5 : vi. 6. 20. Der. crisis. Kpop.p.vov or Kp6|JLvov, ov, an onion, vii. 1. 37. tKpoT€w, Tjad}, to strike together. A., vi. 1. 10 ? tKpoTOs, OV, 6, clapping, applause, vi. 1. 13. Kpovo), ovao}, KiKpovKa, to strike, clash, strike together. A., iv. 5. 18: vi. 1. 10 {v. I. KpOTCio). KpvirTCi),* 0\p(j}, KeKpv(t>a, to hide, con- ceal, 2 A., i. 4. 12 ; 9. 19 : vi. 1. 18. Der. CRYPT. Kpco^vXcs or Kpco^vXcs, ov, 6, a tuft of hair or leathern thongs, v. 4. 13. KTaoixai,"*' KT-qaoixai, KCKTrj/xai, to ac- quire, procure, get, gain, win : iroXe- fxiovs K. to gain as enemies, to make enemies : pf. pret. to [have acquired] possess, enjoy: a.: i. 7.3; 9.19: ii. 6. 17 s, 26: V. 5. 17. KT6IVW, KTevG}, 2 pf. ^KTOVa, (usu. a7ro-KT€Lvo}) to kill, slay. A., ii. 5. 32. t KTr\\i.a, aTos,To,a possession, vii, 7. 41. tKTrivos, eos, to, a domestic animal, as property once consisted chiefly of these (cf. cattle, orig. the same with chattel) ; pi. cattle ; iii. 1. 19 : v. 2. 3. KTiri(ra(r0ai, KT-^^o-oiiat, see Kraofxai. |KTT|crias, 01;, Ctesias, a celebrated physician and historian from Cnidus in Caria, who passed a number of years at the Persian court as the king's phy- sician, and carefully availed himself of this peculiar opportunity of obtain- ing historic information. He was sur- geon to Artaxerxes at the battle of Cunaxa, i. 8. 26 s. KDpepvTJTT^s, ov, (Kv^epvdd) guberno, to steer) a steersman, Jielmsman, pilot, V. 8, 20, [KvPioTao), 7j(rw, (kij^os CUBE, die, or K^^Tj head) to throw one's self down head foremost, or as dice are thrown ; while eK-Kv^Lardoo is strictly to recover from this position.] KtiSvos, ov, 6, the Cydnus, a river of Cilicia, rising in Mt. Taurus, and flowing through the capital Tarsus to the Mediterranean. It was noted for the coldness of its water, which nearly cost Alexander his life. The luxurious state in which Cleopatra sailed up the Cydnus to meet and conquer Antony is depicted in Plutarch and Shakspeare. i. 2. 23. llMesarlyk-Chai. tKv5iKT]v6s, oO, 6, (sc. oraTTjp), a Cyzi- cene [stater], a widely current gold coin from the famed mint of Cyzicus, = 28 Att. drachmae, or about $5^, v. 6. 23 : vi. 2. 4 : vii. 2. 36. Kv^iKos, ov, 7], Cyzicus, an old and important commercial city beautifully situated on an island, afterwards a peninsula, in the Propontis, It was colonized by the Milesians, vii. 2. 5. !i Bal-Kiz {HaXaia Kv^lkos). kvkXos, ov, 6, circulus, a circle, ring, round, enclosure; a circle, group y or knot of men ; a circular form or dis- position of troops, presenting shields on every side : kOkXci) in a circle or cir- cuit, all around, around, round ahout (strengthened by irdvTr), as it is some- times used where the circle is not com- plete, iii. 1. 2), irepL : 17 k6kX({} x^P^ i^^ surrounding country : i. 5. 4 : iii. 1. 12 ; 4. 7 : V. 7, 2 : vii. 8. 18. Der. cycle. \. kvkXoci), oicrw, KeKi'KXiiiKa, to surround, encircle, hem in, a. : M. to stand or gather around, irepL : i.8.13 : iv.2.15 : vi. 4. 20. jkvkXcdo-is, ewj, i], a surroimding, enclosing, i. 8. 23. KvXkvSb) or KvXivSeo), 'ficw 1., (also KvX£w r. or 1.) to roll, roll doicn ovoff, trans. ; but M., intrans. ; iv. 2. 3 s, 20 ; 7. 6 ; 8. 28 ? Der. cylinder. Kvvio-Kos, ov, a Spartan general, who carried on war from the Cherso- nese against the Thracians, vii, 1, 13. KVTraptTTivos, Tj, ov, (Kvwdpicra-os or -piTTos, cupressus, cypress), made of cypress, v. 3. 12. KviTTft), Kv-ipo), K€KV(pa, (akiu to Lat. cubo) to stoop down, bend forward, iv. 5. 32 ? Kvpeios or Kvpeios, a, oy, (KOpos) KVpiOS 77 i>Xvc Cyrearif of Cyrus, belonging to Cyrus, i. 10. 1 : iii. 2. 17 (subst.) : vii. 2. 7. K^pios, a, ov, (Kvpos authority) in- vested loith authority, possessed of iJuiu- er, I., V. 7. 27. Kvpos, od, (Pers. Khur, sun) Cyrus the Great, or the Elder, son of Cam- bVses, a Persian noble, and Mandane, daughter of Astyages, king of the Mcdes. He founded the Persian mon- archy by dethroning his tyrannical grandfather, B. c. 558 ; and enlarged it by conquering Croesus, king of Lydia, b. c. 554, and taking Babylon, b'. c. 538. He was slain in battle with the Scythians, b. c, 529. Such, in general, is the account of Hdt., from which those of Ctesias and Xenophon vary. i. 9. 1. — -2. Cyrus the Young- er, second son of Darius ii. and Pary- satis, born soon after his father's ac- cession to the throne, while his elder brother Arsaces was born before this accession. As, therefore, the first-born of Darius tlie king, he was the heir to the throne, according to the peculiar principle of succession which gave the crown to Xerxes. Both the ambitious Cyrus and his fond mother seem to have hoped that this precedent would be regarded by Darius. Cyrus was so precocious in the qualities of com- mand, that he was appointed by his father, when a mere youth of seven- teen, B. c. 407, satrap of Lydia, Phryg- ia, and Cappadocia. and instructed to assist Sparta in her war against Athens. This he did so zealously and liberally, that the Spartans afterwards felt under obligation to render him aid in return. Desirous of making his government a model for order and se- curity, and perhaps more jealous for his authority than an older ruler would have been, he was not only lavish in rewarding faithful service, but also rigorous in punishing the disobedient and criminal, — we should say, per- haps, too rigorous, but it was the Per- sian habit to be severe in punishment. The better to secure his dignity, he imprudently required in those who ap- proached him an etiquette which had been regarded as due only to royalty ; and when two of his cousins, sons of a sister of his father, refused to ob- serve it, he enforced the rule by put- ting them to death. On complaint of their parents, and apprehending the approacli of death, Darius sent for the young prince, b. c. 405. Cyrus went to his father, taking with him, as if a friend, Tissaphernes, the wily and treacherous satrap of Caria, — in truth perhaps because he did not wish to leave him behind. Darius died soon after, and disappointed Cyrus by leav- ing the sceptre, " which had glittered before his young imaginings," to his elder brother. Hereupon Tissapher- nes, who doubtless hoped thus to add the rich province of Cyrus to his own, and who was capable of any deceit and calumny, brought against him the monstrous charge of designing the as- sassination of the new king during the very rites of coronation. Unfortu- nately this crime, which was so remote from the open and manly, even if ex- cessive, ambition of Cyrus, had pre- cedents in Persian history ; and Arta- xerxes, either believing the charge or willing to make it a pretext, arrested his brother to put him to death. The young prince was only saved from speedy execution by the full power of his mother's prayers and tears, and was sent back to his distant satrapy, burning with the sense of injustice, disgrace, and danger. There was no real reconciliation between the two brothers ; and Cyrus had reason to feel that his danger was only deferred, not past, especially with such a neigh- bor as Tissaphernes in the king's con- fidence, and that he must either at length fall a sacrifice to the jealousy of Artaxerxes or reign in his stead. He was thus stimulated, with the en- couragement of his mother's favor, to attempt the ill-fated expedition of which Xenophon wrote the history, — an expedition which certainly can- not be justified on Christian or even Socratic principles, but which was almost in the regular line of oriental history, i. 1. 1 s ; 9, 1. KvTwviov, ov, Cytonium, see Kep- Twubs, vii. 8. 8 ? Kvwv, Kvvos, 6 7], canis, dog, bitch, iii. 2. 35: v. 7. 26; 8.24: vi. 2. 2. Der. CYNIC. KwXvci) (v), ifao}, K€Kd}\vKa, to hinder, prevent, forbid, opp>ose : rb kcjXvov the KwfiapXTlS 78 XavpoTrw\T]s hindrance, obstacle : A. G., i. : i. 2. 21 s ; 3. 16 ; 6. 2 : \v. 5. 20. Cf. k6\os clipped. tKwjx-dpxT]s, ov, {dpx<^) the ruler or head-^inan of a village, village-chief, iv. 5. 10, 24 ; 6. 1 s. K(6|jL-i], 77?, a village, comm. unforti- fied, i. 4. 9 : iv. 4. 7. Der. comedy. 4. KcojXTJTTjs, ov, a villager, iv. 5. 24. KwiTT], 77s, (cf. Lat. capio) the handle of an oar, &c. : an oar, vi. 4. 2. XaPeiv, -01(1.1, -vpo-Tra>Xe to pour?) a harbor, haven, port, vi. 2. 13. Xifids, ov, 6, {XeiTTb)) failure of food, hunger, famine, i. 5. 5 : ii. 2. 11 ; 5.19. XivcGs, a, ov, contr. Xivovs, rj, ovv, (Xivov flax) flaxen, linen, iv. 7. 15. tXcYi'^oiiat, iao/jiaL lovfiac, XeXoyicrfxac, to consider, calculate, expect. A., i., ii. 2. 13 : iii. 1. 20. .X670S, ou, d, (Xe7a7) a word; speech, discourse ; conversation, discussion ; a statement, narrative, report, rumor; an argument, plea : pi. ivords, confer- ence, discussion, irpjs : els \jyovs ^p- XecrOai to enter into a conference or come to an intervieio with, D. : i. 4. 7 ; G.5: ii.1.1; 5.4,16,27; 6.4: v.8.18: vi. 1. 18. Der. logic, -logy, -logue. XdYJcn) "n^i (cf- Lat. lancea) the 2}oint or sjjike of a spear, the spear-licad, early made by the Greeks of bronze, but afterwards of iron ; comm. fr. 6 in. to a foot in length : hence often, by synecdoche, a spear or lance (esp., in the Anab., of those used by the bar- barians): i. 8.8: ii.2.9: iv.7.16; 8.7. XoiSopecs), 'i)(Tu, \e\oidjp7];ca, (Xoido- pos a railcr) to rail at, revile, abuse, reproach, reprove. A., iii. 4. 49. Xotirds, y], ov, (Xeiiroo) re-liquus, left behind, remaining, the rest or remain- der of, £)., iv. 2. 13 s: Xolttov {ecrriv) it [is left] remains, iii. 2. 29 : rqv Xonr-qv [sc. d5>] tlic rest of the ivay, iii. 4. 46 : TO Xolttov the rest, G. partitive, iii. 4. 6 : Tov Xolttov [sc. xpoJ'Of], oftener to Xol- ttov, in or during the rest of the time, in future, afterwards, lienceforth, tlicnce- forth, 482 e, ii. 2. 5 : iii. 2. 8 : v. 7. 34. AoKpds, ov, 6, a Locrian, a man of Locris, a central region of Greece in three separate parts (two north of BcEotia and Phocis, and the third, the AovoriaTTjs 80 Xvirt| larger but ruder portion, west of Pho- cis). The eastern Locrians are credit- ed with 40 shij)s sent to the Trojan "War under the lesser Ajax. vii. 4. 18. Aovo-iaT'qs or -dirr\s, ov, & Aovd"yos, ov, 6, (\wr6s the lotus, ayeiv to cat) a lotus-eater. The Cy- ]-enean lotus {now jujube) was a small sweet date-like fruit, so delicious that, according to the old fable (Horn. Od. t. 94), all who ate of it forgot their homes, and wished only to remain and feed upon it ; while in Arab poetry it is the fruit of paradise. The Loto- phagi of Homer, upon whose shore Ulysses landed, have been located by most geographers upon the coast of Tripoli and Tunis in North Africa, iii. 2. 25. Xa)(f>d(D, Tjact}, X€Xd}(f>r}Ka, {X6(f>os, as if to withdraiv the neck from tlie yoke ?) to rest, cease, iv. 7. 6. Xwwv,* contr. fr. c. Xwtuv referred to dya66s,more desirable, better, D. i. , iii. 1. 7: for emphasis, X(pov Kal aixeivov viore desirable and advantageous, pref- erable and better, vi. 2. 15 : vii. 6. 44. M. (id* by, an adv. of swearing, comm. negative, unless j^receded by vat. A., i. 4. 8 : V. 8. 6, 21. (idYaSis, tos, dat. («) i, 218. 2, r/, (a foreign word) the magadis, a kind of harp with 20 strings arranged in oc- taves ; or, ace. to some, a kind of flute ; vii. 2. 32. Md-yvTjs, r]Tos,6,a3fagnesian, a man of Magnesia, a narrow mountainous re- gion occupying the east coast of Thes- saly, vi. l.*7. Cf. magnet. fiaOeiv, -«, -ot|it, &c. , see fmvddvw. Ma{av8pos, ov,6,the Mceandcr, the largest river entering the ^Egean from LEX. AN. 4* Asia, so remarkable for its winding course through its rich alluvial plain, that it has given a name to the wind- ing of rivers. Its deposit has greatly extended and changed the coast at its mouth, i. 2. 5,7 s. || Mendere-Chai. (laivofiiai,* /xavovfiai r., 2 pf. fxeix-qva, 2 a. p. cfxav-qp, to be mad, insane, or frenzied, ii. 5. 10, 12. Der. maniac. Mato-dSris, ov, Mcesades, a Thracian prince, father of Seuthes, vii. 2. 32. |xaKapi^(o, iau) lGj, {/xaKap hapjjy) to count or esteem happy ox fortunate, a. , iii. 1. 19. ijiaKopioTos, 77, ov, esteemed happ3'-, envied or enviable, being an object of envy, d. , i. 9. 6. MaKioTios (or MaK€6pvTis, ov, a Persian of high rank, put to death by Cyrus, i. 2. 20. |X€-ye0os, eos, to, (/n^as) greatness, magnitude, size ; of a river, width : ii. 3. 15 : iv. 1. 2. |xe8(.p.vos, ov, 6, the medimnus, the common Attic corn-measure, = very nearly a bushel and a half, vi. 1. 15. p,€9' by apostr. for nerd, before an aspirated vowel, ii. 2. 7. ji,€9-iT]|jLi,* riaw, eUa, to let go with or after, let go, give up, resign, A., vii. 4. 10. \i.iQ-ia-Tr\[i.\.* p.a, aros, to, {jxeibw to lessen) a deficiency, v. 8. 1. (jieCwv, ov, c. referred to fxiKpos or 6Xi- yos, less, in respect to size, power, number, &c. ; smaller, weaker, fevjer; i. 9. 10 : iv. 5. 36 : /ut-elov ^x^tv to have [less success] the ivorst, be worsted, i. 10. 8 : tovto ixelov 'ix^i-v to have this as a disadvantage or a disadvantage in this, iii. 2. 17. The neut. ixeiovis some- times used as an indecl. subst. or adj. ; and also (as an adv.) Avith 17 omitted, though the gen. does not follow ; 507 e,f, 511 c, V. 6. 9: vi. 4. 3,24. MeXavSirai, Qv, the Melanditoe, a people of Thrace, vii. 2. 32 : v. I. Me- XavdeiTTai.. tp>€Xavla, as, blackness, duskiness, i. 8.8. _ (JLcXds,* aLva, av, g. avos, aivrjs, black, dark, iy. 5. 1S,15. Der. melan-choly. HeXerdta, Tjcrw, fx.€p.eXeTT}Ka, [ixiXio) to give attention to, practise, i., iii, 4. 17: iv. 6. 14. 4p.eX€Ti]pds, d, bv, s., diligent or as- siduous in practising, g., i. 9. 5. IxeXivi], 77?, sing, and pL, panicum, panic, a kind of millet, cf. Kiyxpos' ewl Tas fxeXLvas upon the jjanic ( fields): i. 2. 22; 5. 10: ii. 4. 13 : vi. 4. 6. 4.M6Xtvo-4>d70t, cov, {(payelv) the [pan- ic-eaters] Melinophagi, a Thracian peo- ple near Salmydessus on the Euxine, perhaps Strabo's 'Aarol, vii. 5. 12. pcXXft),* /xeAX??(ra>, a. ifieXXrjaa or Tj/jL^XXTja-a, to be about to or going to, be on the point of, intend ; also translated by loill, would, shall, should, must, am, to, were to, &c. , cf. 598 a ; to be only about to, to delay : rb /m^XXov the future: I.: i. 8. 1 ; 9.28: ii.6.10: iii. 1. 2,8, 4Gs; 5. 17: vi. 1. 21. piXb), fxeXrjab}, ixeix^XriKa, to concern, be a care to, i). : comm. impers. , as e/jLoi /MeXei it concerns or is a care to me, it {ik^|i.VT)}iai 84 MeViriXa is wy care, I take care, I look or see to it, 6irws : i. 4. 16 ; 8. 13 : vi. 4. 20 : rrj 6eC^ fxeXriaeL tlie goddess will see to it, by enphemism for the goddess will punish his neglect, v. 3. 13. |i£)ivT||xai, -Tj(ro(iai, see ixcfivqaKO}. |j,€}Ji(j>op.ai., \}/o/xai, to blame, reproach, Jind fault tvith, A. et's, ii. 6. 30. jiev post-pos. adv. or secondary conj. (66 f), on the one hand, indeed, in the first place, first, but often omit- ted in translation. Jt is nsu. a pro- spective particle of distinction, mark- ing the words with which it is con- nected as distinguished fr. others which follow, and with which a retro- spective particle, (comm. 5e, but some- times dXXd, fxevroL, elra, ^iretra, /cat, &c.) is regularly joined, i. 1. 1 s ; 3. 2, 10 : ii. 1. 13 : iii. 1. 19 s. The reg- ular sequence is sometimes neglected, esp. after intervening clauses, i. 10. 16 : iii. 2. 8. In some combinations of particles, fxev has a force like that of the confirmative /mriv, indeed, truly: IJikv 8r) now indeed, indeed, truly, so then, then, accordingly, i.2.3: iii. 1.10 : ov jxkv d-q nor [now] yet indeed, yet surely not, i. 9. 13 : ii. 2. 3 : e7w fji.ev odv I [indeed] for my part the^i, ii. 4. 7 Cu^j/ emphasizing e'yu}, cf. i. 9. 1) : aWa . . fxev (or fievToi) but or well cer- tainly, vii. 6. 11, 39. The words upon which jxev throws its emphasis regu- larly precede it, either wholly or in part. If, as has been supposed, fiiv and di (of which fx-qv and 5?) are longer forms) are derived from the lirst and second numerals (cf. /ita. Ho), then their original force would seem to have been, for one thing . . for another thing ; hence, on the one hand . . on the other hand, in the first place . . in the second place, first . . secondly, in- deed . . but or and, &c. See d^, 6. \.\iiv-Toi indeed truly, assuredly, really, indeed, withal, to be sure; yet, still, however, but ; i. 3. 10 : ii. 3. 9 s, 22 s : Kol . . fJieuToi. and indeed, and certainly, and moreover, and yet, i. 9. 6, 29 : iv. 6. 16. See iiev. fUvM, fxevQ}, [xefi^vrfKa , a. ^fieiva, ma- neo, to REMAIN, vMit, stay, tarry, am- tinue; to laait for, A. ; i. 2. 6, 9 s ; 3. 11: ii. 3. 24: iv. 4. 19 s. Mevcdv, wvos, Menon, a general from Pharsalus in Thessaly, whose character Xenophon depicts in dark colors. He was a favorite of Aristippus, who placed him, while yet a young man, in command of a mercenary force levied with money furnished by Cy- rus. From this he brought 1500 men to the Cyrean army. When the other generals Avho had been seized through the treachery of Tissaphernes were put to death, Menon was spared, ])rob. be- cause he claimed the merit of having aided that treachery, and through the intercession of his intimate Arieeus ; but he afterwards perished by linger- ing torture, prob. from having fallen into the hands of the vengeful Pary- satis, who thus punished him for his supposed treason. A dialogue of Plato bears his name. i. 2. 6: ii. 6. 28 s. ^^i^iXfa, lab} iw, to divide, distribute^ A., V. 1. 9? [xepos, COS, TO, (fielpofiai to share) a share, part, portion, division, quota, detachment; specimen: iv r^ I^^P^t, /card (to) fiepos in or according to Okie's share, 2)art, place, or turn: i.5.8 ; 6.2 : iii. 4. 23 : v. 1. 9 : vi. 4. 23 : vii. 6. 36. t|Ji.EO--T]p,Ppba, as, {rj/j-epa, 146 b) mid- day, noon; the place of the sun at noon, the south ; i. 7. 6 : iii. 5. 15. t fX€o-6-'yaia or -7€ia, as, (7^) the in- land, interior, vi. 2. 19 ; 3. 10 ; 4. 5. fieVos, v, 0^, (akin to fierd) medius, MIDDLE, of space or time; central; the middle or midst of (in this use as an adj. , not immediately preceded by the article, 508a, 523b); i. 2. 7, 17; 8.13: iv. 8. 8 {among OY with): subst. ncVov, ov, the middle, midst, or centre; the. interval or space between; g.; i. 2. 15 ; 4. 4 ; fxiaov ijfjLepas midday, noon, i. 8. 8 ; fjieaov rb eavrov his otvn centre, i. 8. 13 ? (cf. i. 8. 22, 23); 5id p-iaov, ev (t(J.) /Afo-y, eh TO /xiaov, through, in, or into the m,idst or the interval between, some- times = betioeen, i. 4. 4 ; 5. 14 ; 7. 6 : ii. 2. 3 ; e/c tov fiea-ov out of [the space between] the tvay, i. 5. 14. Der. mes- entery. Iftetroci), (Jjcrw, to form or be in the middle : p.e- Ka (ScD, doLTjv, kc), to distribute, im- part to, simre v:ith, D. A., g., iii. 3. 1 : iv. 5. 5 s : vii. 8. 11. |i,£Ta-fteXei, yje\T)«,* exj/u}, earpotpa 1., to turn about or round, trans. ; but M. intrans., vi. 1. 8. |xeTd-, vai)}, ixejx-qvvKa, to disclose, tnake knoivn, expose. A., ii. 2. 20. (jtil-iroT€ n-unquam, n-ever, i. 1. 4. (iTJ-irw non-dum, not yet, iii. 2. 24. |jLT]pds, ov, b, the thigh, vii. 4. 4. |j.i]-T€ * conj., by apostr. fiTJr or |Jii^6', ne-que, and not, nor : fj.rjT€ . . fiTp-€ neither . . nor: /xrire . . re ne- que . . et, both not . . and, not only not . . but also. MriTe is coram, doubled in whole or in part as above, and is thus distinguished fr. the conj. fiTjde. i. 3. 14 : ii. 2. 8 : iii. 1. 30 : iv. 4. 6. lir\rr]p,* fjLTfrpos, 17, mater, a mother, i. 1. 3s: ii. 4. 27. Der. maternal. IfiTlTpo-iroXis, ews, ij, motlier-city, chi^f city, metropolis, v. 2. 3 ; 4. 15. t}i'r]xavdo|i.ai, rjaofmi., /xe/xrixdvrjfMaL, machinor, to contrive, devise, sclieme, seek or try by artifice, ae., i., e/c, ii. 6. 27 : iv. 7. 10. Der. machination. liTjxavfi, Tjs, (firixos an expedient) niachina, a contrivance, device, means, iv. 5. 16. Der. machine, mechanism. |i,ia, see ets, ii. 1. 19. [(iC-yviipii & |Jti., i. 3. 9. |ii(r6os, ou, 6, wages, pay, hire, re- ward, recompense, G. : fxtadbvTTjs dacpa- Xetas jtja?/ for the security or preserva- tion: i.1.10: ii.2.20: iii.5.8: v.6.31. 4.[xi(r0o-^opd, as, or (JLio-0o-(}>opia, as, {ep(j}) the receipt of pay, service for pay, er)iploy7ncnt for wages, wages, v. 6. 23, 35 s:^ vi. 1. 16; 4. 8. I p,io-0o-4>opos, ov, {(pefjw) receiving pay, serving for hire, mercenary : subst. |xio-0o<|>dpoi hired soldiers,mercenaries : i. 4. 3 : iv. 3. 4 : vii. 8. 15. \. |Jki(r0d(i), cjo-o;, fxefxLadwKa, to let for hire, A. : 3F. to hire, a. : P. to he hired, 588, eirl : i. 3. 1 : vi. 4. 13 : vii. 7. 34. fivd,* as, a MiNA =100 draclimse, or ■^Q of a talent ; as a weight, at Athens, = about 15.2 oz. ; as a sum of money, = about 1 20; i. 4. 13 : v. 8. 1. |jLV^|j.i], ris, (/Mfiv-rjaKU)) remembrance, memory, vi. 5. 24. [}jtvT|fi.wv mindful.^ .j.p.vi](J,ovei!itD, ei^crw, ifivrj/xovevKa, to call to mind, recall, recount, reflect or dwell upon, G., iv. 3. 2. 4p,VT]|xoviKds, 17, ov, s., having a good memory, vii. 6. 38. Der. mnemonics. p.VT)or0c5, see ixiixv-qcrKO}, vi. 4. 11. ||jkVT]a-i-KaK6(i), Tjcw, (KaKos) to remem- ber an in jury, cherish resentment or bear ill-will towards a person for anything, t>. G., ii. 4. 1. p.6Xis & earlier \i.6yis,(/J.Co\os & /moyos, toil, cf. Lat. moles) with toil or diffi- culty, hardly, scarcely, iii. 4. 48. t|ioXvji8is or p.oXipSis, i8os, ij, a leaden hall or bullet, iii. 3. 17. p.6Xvp8o9 or p.dXip8os, ov, 6, plum- bum, lead, iii. 4. 17. |ji.6Xa>, see ^XibaKw, vii. 1. 33. |xov-apxla, as, {fiovos, apx<>}) sole command, monarchy, vi. 1. 31. |xovaxfj or -xtj adv., {fxovot) by one way only, smgly, only : rjirep fJLOvaxv by which way only, iv. 4. 18. p.ovT|, 77s, 7), (fievui) mansio, a stay, staying, remaining, v. 1. 5 ; 6. 22, 27. t |aovo-€i8t|s, ^s, (eiSos) uni-form, reg- ular, V. 2. 13 ? t p.ov6-|vXos, ov, {^vKov) made of a single log, hollowed from a single trunk, V. 4. 11. (idvos, 7}, ov, (fx^vw ?) remaining or left alone, alone, only, sole : (Jtdvovadv., only, solely, alone: i.4.15: ii.5.14,20. Der. MONO-, MON-, monk, monad. (jLd, to be admiral, com- mand the fleet, v. 1. 4 : vii. 2. 7. tvav-apxos, ov, 6, {apx<^) o, naval commander, admiral, esp. a Spartan high-admiral, i.4.2: vi.1.16: vii. 2. 5. tvay-KXr^pos, ov, 6, {K\r,pos allotment) a shlp-oicner, shi2)-master, vii. 2. 12. tvavXos, ov, 6, or vavXov, ov, nau- Jum, passage-money, fare, v. 1. 12. tvav-'7rr]-yi^eXT], 77$, {vecpos niibes, cloud) ne- bula, a cloud, mist, i. 8. 8 : iii. 4. 8. Der. NEBULAR. V€«,* vevaovjJLaL or vevaoij-ai, vevevKa, no, nato, to sivim, iv. 3. 12 ? v. 7. 25. v€0), * vrjacj, to pile up, lieap together y A., V. 4. 27. vccD-Kopos, 01;, b,{v€vX.a|, a/fos, 6, a night-guard or sentinel, watchman, vii. 2. 18; 3.34. IvuKTwp adv., noetu, i?tor(?2^7'm<7^^«'<^ night, by night, iii. 4:.S5: iv.4.9; 6.12. vw, (I'eoi', neut. of peos ?) nunc, Germ, nun, now, ai present, often in- cluding the near past or future : 6 vdv Xpovos {^acrCKeis) the present time (king) : TO vvv elvai for the j^resent, 665 b : i. 4. 14; 7.5: iii. 1. 40, 46; 2. 12, 36 s; 4. 46 : vi. 6. 13- — Softened it becomes I vvv end., noiv, then, of inference, or sequence in discourse, vii. 2. 26 ? |vvv-t (Att. emphatic -i, 252 d) Jitst noiv, even now, now certainly, v. 6. 32 : vii. 3. 3. vv^, vvKTos, T], nox, Germ. Nacht, NIGHT : (r/ys) vvKTQS in the night, by night, ii. 2. 1 ; 6. 7 : [r-qv) vvicra through or during the night, 482 e, iv. 2. 1 : vi. 1. 14: dia vvktos throughout the night, iv. 6, 22 : jaecrai pvktcs the mid- dle hours of the night, onidnight, i. 7. 1 : iii. 1. 33. vwTov, ov, the back, v. 4. 32. QavBt-KXfjs, iovs, Xanthicles, an Achajan chosen general to succeed Socrates, iii. 1. 47 : v. 8. 1 : vii. 2. 1. t^cvta, as, a bond of hospitality : iirl ^evla on terms of hospitality or as guests : vi. 1.3? 6. 35 : vii. 6. 3 ? t^evtas, 01^, Xeoiias, from Parrhasia in Arcadia, the general (in the service of Cyrus) of whom mention is earliest made, i. 1. 2 ; 2. 1 ; 4. 7 : v. I. Hewtas. t|cvit,<», t'cw tcD, to receive or entertain CCS a guest. A., v. 5. 25 : vii. 3. 8 ; 6. 3. t^eviKos, v, 6v, of or relating to for- eigners : ^evucbv [sc. (TTpdrevfia or TrXij- 60s] a foreign force, i. 2. 1 : ii. 5. 22. t^evtos, a, ov, of ov pertaining to hos- pitality : Zej/s ^evios Zeus the god of hospitality or protector of guests : ra ^evia the gifts or rites of hospitality, hospitable or friendly gifts or 2Jresents : ewl ^evia to a friendly entertainment, as guests : iii. 2. 4 : iv. 8. 23 s : vii. 6. 3 ? 1" |€voo]icu, wffofmi, to become a guest, D., Trapd, vii. 8. 6, 8. |€Vos, ov, 6, hospes, a person related by the ties of hospitality, a guest- friend, a guest or host, g. or d. : a for- eigner, foreign soldier, 7nercenary (^c- vot foreign or hired troops, &c.): i. 1. 10 s; 3. 3 : ii. 4. 15 : iii. 1. 4. -i-S€Vo-<|>«v, Civro^, (contr. fr. ^cvo- ^dcdv giving light to guest-friends, , to dry, A., ii. 3. 15. |t]P6s, d, oy, dry, seke, iv, 5. 33. |i(|>os, eos, TO, (lew ?) a sword, esp. a large, straight, pointed, and double- edged sword. This was comni. car- ried by the Greeks in a sheath on the left side, by a belt from the right shoulder, ii. 2. 9. Cf. fidxatpa. ^davov, ov, (lew) an image or statue, esp. one carved of wood, v. 3. 12. ^vy- older for frvy-, see ^vv. \vy\Ky\, rjs, (|uw, see |ew) a curved Spartan dagger, iv. 7. 16 : 8. 25. t^vXi^ojiai, iao,uac 1., to gather or col- lect wood, ii. 4. 11. t^vXivos, V, ov, of wood, wooden, i. 8. 9. |vXov, ov, i^voo, see i^w) a stick or log of ivood, pole, i. 10. 12 : comm. pi., wood, fuel, trees, i. 5. 12 : ii. 1.6 ; 2.16 : iv.5.5: vi, 4.4s. Der. xylo-graphy. |vv * (in compos, also |u-, ^vy-, ^v\-, ^v/jL-, ^vp-, ^va-) an older form for aiv cum, with, ii. 3. 19 ; 5. 2. For all words in which it is found, see cijp and its compounds. Some editors now exclude it from the Anab., even in passages where it appears in the best O. 6 which, 6 Ti whatever, see 6's, oVrts, i. 3. 17, 19. — 6- prefixed to an indefi- nite or interrogative beginning with tt, makes an indefinite relative. 6, -q, TO,* the definite or j)repositive article, the (often not translated, 520a) ; also as a demonstrative or personal pron. (after Kai, taking the orthotone forms 6's, ij, oi, at, 5i8f), that, this, he, she, it ; 249 s, 518s: i. 1. 1 s ; 8.16 s: 6 fih . . 6 de this (on the one hand, in- deed) . . {on the other hand, hut, and) that, the one . . the other, one . . an- other, &c., oi fxkv . . ol 8e these . . those, some . . others, the one party . . the other party, &c., i. 1. 7; 10. 4 : iii. 4. 16 : vii. 2. 2 (so w. rtj, 530 b, iv. 3. 33) : cf. i. 9. 6 : bfih. . ol S^ he (indeed) . . and the rest, ii. 2. 5 ; cf. 3. 10, 23 s : 6 (17, oi, ai) 8e but or and he {she, they), comm. w. a change of subject, 518 e, i. 1. 3s, 9; 2. 2,16 s: iv. 5.10: rd, p.ev . . TO, 5e, [as to some things . . as to others] 2Mrtly . . partly, now . . now, iv. 1. 14 : ry fxh [sc. X'^P9- or 65$] . . t^ 5e in this place . . in that place, here . . there, in one view or respect . . in an- other view or respect, iii. 1. 12 ? iv. 8. 10. The art. is sometimes doubled, and sometimes omitted where it would be regularly used, 523 a, j, 533 s, i.4.4. It is often used w. an ellipsis of its subject (which also explains its pro- nominal use), 527 s : oi irapd {avv, e|, fierd, &c.), the men or those from (with, &c.), 01 €K€luov his men, i. 1. 5 ; 2. 15, 18 : oi t6t€ [the then men] those then living, oi €p8ov (^'|w) those tcithin {with- out), 526, ii. 5. 11, 32 : ra Kvpov the [afiairs] relation of Cyrus, to. Trapd ^a- o-tXews the messages or communications from the king, rd irepi llpo^evov the fate of Proxenus, i. 3. 9 : ii. 3. 4 ; 5. 37 : eh TO irpoadev [to the region before] forward, i. 10. 5 : to iiri tovtu) [as to that depending upon him] 50 far as depended upon him, vi. 6. 23. It is thus used in forming many adverbial phrases, 529 : to irpGiTov at first, to irpbcrdev before, i. 10. 10. A noun, or a relative and verb, are often used in translating an art. and part., 678a: 01 , bdoi-ireirbprjKa or cbdot-TToprjKa, (wopos) to journey, travel, esp. to proceed by land, v. 1. 14 ? toSo-TTOiew,* tJctcj, (hdo-iroirjKa or -7re- iroLTjKa, ipf. u}8o-Troiovv, to make, pre- 2mre, or repair a road, D., ae., iii. 2. 24: iv. 8. 8: v. 1. 13 s; 3. 1. oSos, (ni, 7], via, iter, a way, path, road, highivay, route ; a way, method, ineans; length of th^ way, distance ; a journey, march, expedition ; i. 2. 13 ; 4. 11 : ii. 6. 22 : iv. 3. 16 : often un- derstood w, an adj. or art., iii. 5. 15 : iv. 2. 9. Der. meth-od, meth-odist. *08pvo"qs, ov, an Odrysian. The Odrysfe were a numerous and power- ful people of Thrace, whose special seat was about the Hebrus, but who long bore sway from the vEgean to the i Euxine. Their earlier known kings ' reigned as follows : 1. Teres, about ! 500 B. c; 2. his son Sitalcas, who in- ! vaded Macedonia with an army of} 150,000 ; and 3., was succeeded, b. c. I 424, by his nephew, Seuthes i., whose yearly revenue reached 400 talents, besides a lai-ger amount in presents ; : 4. Medocus (already reigning, b. c. 1 405) and Meesades, prob. sons of Seu- thes. With this division of the sov- ^ ereignty was connected a decline of| the power of the Odrysse. Miesades I was soon driven from his kingdom, I and died, leaving to his son, Seuthes ^ II. (the prince whom the Cyreans as- i sisted) , only an empty title, vii. 2. 32 ; | 7. 11. As adj., Odrysian, vii. 7. 2. — \ 2. Ace. to some, Odryses, from whom the Odrysse took their name, father ; of Teres, vii. 5. 1. '08vo-, ya/ca 1., to build a house or city ; to colonize or 2^^ople a place ; to settle or establish in a resi- dence ; A.; V. 3.7; 6.17: vi.4.14; 6.3. tolKO-8o|JLE(i), Tycrco, (^Ko55/j.r]Ka, {deuoj to build) to build, construct, erect, a house, wall, tower, &c., a., i. 2. 9. toiKoOev adv., from home, iii. 1. 4. toi'KOi adv., at home, in one's own country : ol o'Ckoi those at home, one's family or countrynun : rd olkoi things at home .- i. 1. 10 ; 2. 1 ; 7. 4 : v. 6. 20. toiKO-v6p.os, ov, 6, {ve}j.(j}) a steward, manager, economist, i. 9. 19. oIkos, ov, 6,. (akin to Lat. vicus, Eng. -wick, -wich, 139) a house, home, ii. 4. 8. o'lKTetptD,* epQ), (oIktos pity, fr. OLohf) to pity, commiserate, A. , i. 4. 7 : iii. 1.19. ctjJiat methinks, see otofxai, i. 3. 6. otvos, ov, 6, vinum, wine, 141, i. 2. 13 ; 5. 10 : iv. 4. 9 ; 5. 26. |olvo-xoos, 01;, 0, ixeoj to pour) a wine-pourer, cup-hcarer, iv. 4. 21. oiofxai * (nude 1 sing. oi,aai, ipf. ^!J.r]v, more eomm., esp. when the vei'b oloS 'OXvvOtos is parenthetic ; 2 s. oiet), oi-qaofiai, ^7]/jLai, a. p. (^y}6-qv, to think, suppose, believe, expect; sometimes used not from doubt, but for modesty or irony ; I. (A.) ; i. 3. 6 ; 7. 4, 9, 14 : iii. 1. 15, 17, 29 (parenthetic, methinks), 35. oios, * a.,ov, rel. pron. of quality, some- times eomplem., {6s) qualis, ofivhich or tvhat kind,sort, or nature; s,\\G\xas,ivhat kind of, ivhat (in quality), hoiv great; = oTi TOLovTos that such, 558 : i. 3. 13 ; 7.4: ii. 3. 15 ; 6. 8 : [such as to] suit- able, proper, i., 556 c, ii. 3. 13 : oXov XaXeTTwraroi' such as is most difficult, of the most difficult kind, 556 a, iv. 8. 2 : olov adv., as, as for instance, as if, iv. 1. 14 : vii. 3. 32 : olds re [such as to] competent, able, possible, (w. ecrri often understood) i., i, 3. 17 : ii. 4. 6, 24 : V. 4, 9 ; ws olbv re ixdXiara ire- €p(j}, ii. 1.17. Olraios, ov, an (Etcean, a man from the region of Mt. (Eta (now Katavo- thra, 7071 feet high), in the south of Thessaly, iv. 6. 20. ot-Tives, see oVrts, i. 3. 18. o\IxoiAai,* oixv(^op.at, ^XVP'-^'-'- ? pf- <^- OLxoJKa or yxw/ca, to go, depart ; hence, to disappear, jjerish: pres. as pf., / have gone or departed, I am gone or absent, opposed to t^/ccj I am come, 612 ; and ipf. as both pip. and aor. ; i. 4. 8 ; 10. 16 : iv. 5. 24, 35 : oiroOeu o'lXoi-to [whencesoever . he was gone] xvhere he was missing, iii. 1. 32. The part, of a verb of motion is often used with olxop-ai as a stronger form of ex- pression for the simple verb, 679 d : as ^x^To d-jreXavvoiv he [departed rid- ing off] rode off, yx^'^'o TrXecj?' he sailed away, ii. 4. 24 ; 6. 3 : cf. iii. 3. 5. olcovds, ov, 6, (oIos alone) a bird that flies alone, as an eagle, vulture, &c., esp. observed for auguries ; hence, an augury, omen, presage,token, g., iii.2.9. oKcXXw,* a. (j/ceiXa, (/ce'Ww to impel) ori a vessel, to run aground, strike, vii, 5. 12. oKXd^d), d(T(j}, {K\d(d to break, bend) to bend the knee, sink on bended knee, kneel or crouch down, vi. 1. 10. toKveo), -qaw, to hesitate, be reluctant or apprehensive, fear, i., fir), i. S. 17 : ii. 3. 9 ; 4. 22. toKviipws adv., (6 KV7jp6s reluctant) re- luctantly, vii. 1. 7. oKvos, 01^, 6, reluctance, hesitation, backwardness, iv. 4. 11. toKTaKtor-xtXiot, at, a, eight thou- sand, V. 3. 3 ; 5. 4. toKTaKoo-ioi, at, a, {eKarov) octin- genti, eight hundred, i. 2. 9. 6kt« indecL, octo, Germ, acht, EIGHT, i. 2. 6 ; 8. 27. Der. octave. ^.oKTw-Kal-ScKa (or 6kt6> Kal ScKa) indecl., octo-decim, eighteen, iii. 4. 5. SXcdpos, ov, 6, {6X\vfjLi to destroy) de- struction, loss, i. 2. 26. 6X1705, r)> ov, c. iXda-ewv & fieiwv, s. oXiyLo-Tos, small, little; of time or distance, short; -pl.feiv, a few. oXi-yov adv. , little, a little : iir' oXiyuv few deep, KUT oXlyovs [by few] ioi small parties : see iiri, Kard, irapd : i. 5. 2 ? 14 : iii. 3. 9 : iv. 8. 11 : v. 8. 12 (6Xt- ya$, sc. irX-qyas, too few blows) : vii. 2. 20 ; 6. 29. Der, olig-akchy. 6Xio-0dvw,* oXio-^Tja-wL, diXladriKal.y 2 a. (bXiixdov, to slip, slide, iii. 5. 11. 4.6Xio-9t|p6s, d, 6v, slippery, iv. 3. 6. oXkus, ciSos, T), {eXKU}) a vessel which is towed ; hence, a ship of burden, merchantman, i. 4. 6. Der. hulk. toXoi-Tpoxos, ov, 6, {rpoxos wJieel, fr. Tp€x<^) a stone making an entire wheel, a round stone, iv, 2. 3, toXo-KavTc'co, Tjcrw, {Kalw) to burn whole, offer a holocaitst, a., vii. 8. 4s. oXos, rt, ov, totus, WHOLE, entire, all, i. 2. 17 : ii. 3. 16 : iii. 3. 11 : iv. 8. 11. Der, CATH-OLic. 'OXvjxTria, as, Ohjmpia, a consecrat- ed spot on the north bank of the river Alpheus, near Pisa in Elis, noted for its temple of Jupiter Olympius, and the quadrennial celebration (about midsummei') of the great Olympic games, on which the Greek system of chronology was based, v. 3. 7, 11. II The vale of Andilalo. 'OXvvGios, 01', an Olynthian, a man of Olynthus ( OXwdos), a flourishing o^aXi^s 95 omivtKa and powerful city on the northern coast of the JEgean, at the head of the Toronaic Gulf, a Chalcidian col- ony. Some of the most familiar ora- tions of Demosthenes were delivered for the preservation of this city from the machinations of Philip of Mace- don, hut in vain. It was destroyed B. c. 347. i. 2. 6. II Aio Mamas. _ 6paXT|S, es, & optaXos, V, ov, (o,a6j) evai, level, smooth ; sometimes w. x^- piov ground, or 65js icay, understood ; i. 5. 1: iv. 6. 12. Der. ax-omalous. 4.6}LaX'jas evenly, in an even line, uni- formly, i. 8. 14. 6}JL-T]pos, ov, 6, (oixov, dp-) one who joins together, a surety, hostage, i. fut. as gen., iii. 2. 24 : vii. 4. 12_s, 24. 6p.iX€a>, Tpcrw, thfjLiXrjKa, {oaiXos a, crowd, assembly) to associate or be in- timate ivith, D., iii. 2. 25. Der. homily. ©iJLixX'n, Vh a mist, fog,^ iv. 2. 7. d|X|JLa, aros, to, (ott-, see opiu) a look, eye, vii. 7. 46. o|JLVvp.i * & 6}i.vv(i>, 6fjx>vu.ai, oiidifxoKa, a. u),u.o(ra, to swear, take an oath; to swear bi/, 472 f; A. d., i. (a.), ae., iiri: ii.2.8s: iii. 2. 4: vi.1.31; 6.17. t8|ioios, a, ov, like, alike, similar, the same kind of ; in like condition or on an equality with ; D. G. (iv.1.17?): at Sparta, ol o/jlocol the peers, those who had the full rights of citizenship, iv. 6. 14 : ev Ti^ 6ixo'l(^ in a like position, on equal ground, iv. 6. 18 : o^totot fjcxav davixd^eiv or davixd^ovre$ (or -ovaiv) they seemed to be wondering, 657 j, iii. 5. 13 : opLoioLS Kal 705 c, v. 4. 21 : 6/iOia airep [things like to those which] the same kind of things which, or just as, V. 4. 34. Der. homceo-pathy. 16(1010)$ in like or tJie same inanner, alike, i. 3. 12 : vi. 5. 31 (o. uairep) : vii. 6. 10. t6no-Xo"Y€«, 17(70;, (lifioXoyriKa, (Key (a) to speak in agreement with another, to agree, agree upon, acknoioledge, con- fess ; to consent, promise ; A., i. (a.); 1.6. 7s; 9.1,14: ii. 6. 7 : vii. 4. 13. j;6)io-Xo-YOv|i€vo)s adv., (fr. pt. of pre- ceding) confessedly : 6. e/c iravruiv [con- fessedly by all] by the acknowledgment, admission, or consent of all, ii. 6. 1. toiio-n-^Tpios, a, ov, {(irp-qp) bom of the same mother, iii. 1. 17. tofio-irctTpios, a, ov, {-jrar-qp) by the sarne father, iii. 1. 17. [ofios, -q, 6v, Ep., one and tlie same. Der. HOMO- in compounds.] ojiocraL, -o-as, see bfju/vfXL, ii. 3. 27. ofidcre (6,acis) to tlie same place with the enemy, or to meet them ; to tlie cliarge, to close quarters ; iii. 4. 4 : v. 4. 26. ofJto-TpdTre^os, ov, {ojjlos, Tpdire^a) sit' ting at tlie same table : masc. subst., a tai>le-companion, partaker at the same table ; among the Persians, a courtier who was specially honored by admis- sion to the prince's table : D. : i. 8. 25 : iii. 2. 4. So cvv-Tpdire^os, i. 9. 31. ojtov adv., {cixbs) in tlie same place ; together, in union ox combination; at tlie meeting of arms, in collision ; at the same time; i. 10. 8 : iv. 2. 22 ; 6. 24 (d. or G. 450, 445 c): v.2.14: vii. 1.28. 6|X(f>aX6s, oD, 6, wa^iWcuSy the navel, iv. 5. 2. 5(i(as adv., {ojxoi) at the same time, however, nevertJieless, notwithstanding ^ yet, still; often w. a conj., as 5e,d\\dy &c.; i.3.21; 8.13,23: ii.2.17; 4.23. ov, see el-jl. — 8v w/wm, see 6s. ovap,* TO, oveipos, o, or 6veipov, to, g. oveipov or ovelpaTos, pi. dveipara or 6v€Lpa, a dream, night-vision, iii. 1. lis : iv. 3. 8, 13. Der. oneiro-mancy. 6vtvT](JLt,* 6vq(j(j3, a. &vr\aa, a,, p. dvfi- d-qv, to benefit, do one a service, 2 a., iii. 1. 38'/ V. 5. 2; 6. 20. ovofjia, aros, to, {yvo- in yiyvuxTKia) Lat. nomen (fr. nosco), what one is known by ; a name ; re-NOWX, repu- tation; i. 2. 23 ; 4. 11 ; 5. 4 : ii. 6. 17. Der. AN-ONYMOUS. [vii. 4. 15. \.6vop.o.fni adv., by name, vi. 5. 24 : ovos, ov, 6 i], asinus, an ass : 6vos dypios onager, the icild ass : 6. dXerrfS a grin ding-jack, a mill-stone, esp. the upper one : i. 5. 2, 5 : ii. 1. 6 ; 2. 20. ovTos, -t, -a, -6S, &c., see elfu, i. 1. 11. Der. ONTO-LOGY. to^os, eos, TO, Fr. vin-aigre, sour wine, vinegar, ii. 3. 14. 6|vs, eta, V, sha.rp, acid, scnir, v. 4. 29. Der. oxy-gen. fi-irep, see oa-irep, iii. 2. 29. S-TTT] or iJ-irr) adv. , wherever, where ; by or in whatever or what way, how, as ; in whatever or what direction, whither {soever); i. 3. 6 ; 4.8: ii.1.19: iv.^2. 12, 24: vi. 1. 21. 6-TrT]viKa adv., {TrrjviKa ; at ivhat point of time ?), at whatever point of time, G., iii. 5. 18 ? 6VivXaKea), ■qvXaKia, as, the charge of the rear, iv. 6. 19. |6'irwr8o-v)Xa|, a/cos, 6 ij, guarding the rear, of the rear-guard : oi otnffdo- v\aKei subst., the rear - guard : iii. 3. 7:^iv. 1. 6, 17; 3. 27 ; 5. 16; 7. 8. oirio-ft) adv., (akin to e-n-ofiai) behind, vi. 1. 8. toirXt^ci), L}, (hirXirevKa, to serve as a hoplite, v. 8. 5. toirXtTT]?, ov, a heavy-armed foot-sol- dier, man-at-arms, hoplite. The oirKi- rai, encased in metal and well trained in tlie use of arms, were the chief dependence of a Greek army, and were among the best soldiers the world has ever known. They carried a helmet, cuirass, shield, greaves, spear, and sword, i.1.2; 2. 3, 9. J oirXiTiKos, 97, 6v, relating to or con- sisting of hoplites : oitXltikov, sc. (rrpd- Tevfia, licavy-armed force, heavy m- fantry, hoplites, iv. 8. 18 : vii. 6. 26. toirXo-iiaxta, as, (/naxofiat) the use of heavy arms, the art of fighting with them ; infantry -practice ; ii. 1, 7. (JirXov, ov, an implement, esp. of war : pi. arms, esp. heavy arms ; armor ; the arms as stacked or deposited in an encampment (comm. in front of the men's quarters), the place of arms, or, in general, the camp : tcl oirXa by me- tonymy for oi oirXiraL the men at arms : ej'(ToIs) ottXois in or lender arms, armed: i. 2. 2 : ii. 2. 4, 20 ; 4. 15 : iii. 1. 3, 33 ; 2. 28, 36 ; 3. 7. Der. pan-oply. to-iroOcv whcncesoever, wlience ; (el- liptically, 551 f) anywhere tvlience, any place or source fram which ; iii. 1. 32 ; 5. 3 : V. 2. 2. tS-irot whithersoever, whither, wlier- ever, where; (elliptically, 551 f) any place to which; i. 9. 13 ? ii. 4. 19s: iii. 5. 13, 17. t o-iroios, a, ov, of whatever or what kind or .nature, tvhatsoever, whatever or what (in quality) ; what kind or sort of; such as ; ii. 2. 2 ; 6. 4 : iii. 1. 13: V. 2. 3; 5. 15; 6. 28 (550 d). [S-iros an old rel. indef. pron., re- maining in oirov, oiTT), &c.] lo-iroo-os, 77, ov, hoiv much or great (soever), as much or large as : birocrov, sc. x^P^^ov, as far as: iii. 2. 21 ; 3. 10 : iv. 4. 17 : pi. how many (soever), what- ever (in number), as many as, often preceded by the pi. of was, 550 f, i. 1. 6;^ 2.^1; 8.27; v. 8. 10. JoiroT-av or ottot &v, = birore &v, w. the subj., 619 b, ii. 3. 27 : v, 7. 7s. 4.6-ir6T€ whenever, when; at ivhatever time, as soon as; at a time when, 550b ; since : 9jv biroTe [there was when] some- times : biroTe ye at least when, if in- deed, since: i. 2. 7 ; 6. 7 : iii. 2. 2, 15 s, 36 : iv. 2. 27 : vii. 6. 11. 1 6-iroT€pos, a, ov, whichsoever or which, of two persons, parties, courses, &c., iii. 1. 21, 42 ; 4. 42 ; vii. 7. 18. jS-irov wherever, where, to or in a place where : oirov ixr} [where not] ex- cept where : ovk ^v oirov there was no place where: i. 3. 6; 5,8s: iii. 2. 9, 34: iv. 5. 30 s ; 8. 26 : vi. 3. 23. oTrrdft), i7(rw, clnrTrjKa, (akin to €\f/(a) to bake, roast, a., v. 4. 29. loTTTos, -q, ov, (shortened for oTTTTTTos) baked, burnt, as brick, ii. 4. 12. S-irws* adv., in whatever or what loay, how, as ; conj., in order that, so that, that; i. 1. 4, 6 ; 6.11; 8.13: vi. 5.30 : OVK ^(TTiv OTTOS [there is not how] it cannot be that, ii, 4. 3 : ottws ^aeade [sc. bpare] see that you be, 626, i. 7. 3 : ovx oirws not only not, Jiy g, vii. 7. 8. opdft),* &\poixaL, iwpdKa or eopdKa, ipf. eujpuv, 2 a. eWov (tSw, -oi/xi, -4, -eiv, -ibv), a. p. Cb(f>d-qv, to see (includ- ing both sensation and perception, real or imaginarj'^, and even mere mental discernment, while ^Xeiru) is rather to look, of the outward sense, dedofxai to gaze iipon a spectacle, and aKoireu) to look as a watchman or searcher), to be- hold, discern, perceive, A. (often by attraction from a dependent clause, 474b) p., cp,, i. 2, 18: iii. 1. lis, 15; 2. 8, 23s, 29 : opdop-evos seen, visible, iv. 3. 5 : — 2 pf. ol8a* {oi5a/xev or ta-fxev. 6pyil 97 'Opxo|J.^vios elduj, elSelrjv, i'aBi, etSf j/at, et'Sws), 2 pip. ^5etj', f. elaoixoLL, [to have seen, hence] , yjffw, (bpixrjKa, {opix-q) to start quickly, rush, hurry, hasten, i., e/c, els, kc. : opfidu bdov to start on or com- mence an expedition : M. to start, set forth, make incursions, airb, i^ : i. 1. 9; 2.5; 8.25; 10.1: iii.l. 8; 4.33,44. bp\i.4(a, rjJ'oj, (opp-os) to be moored, lie at anchor, i. 4. 3, 6. opixTJ, Tjs, (akin to Spvvfii) the start or 'poiii.t of starting ; motion, move- ment, impulse ; ii. 1. 3 : iii. 1. 10 ; 2. 9. topfiCj^b), icrw tw, to moor or anchor (trans.), a.: M. to anchor (intrans.), come to anchor, moor one's vessel, els, irapd : iii. 5. 10 : vi. 1. 15 ; 2. 1 s. [SpfJLos, ov, 6, (eipcj to tie) a place where vessels are fastened, aTwhoi-age, haven.^ topvcov, ov, a bird, vi. 1. 23. topvtOeios, a, ov, of a bird, bird's: Kpea opvideia foivl, iv. 5. 31. opvts,* T9os, ace. 6pviv & opvWa, 6 i}, (akin to 6pvv,ixi,) a bird, fowl, esp. do- mestic ; cock or Jien ; iv. 5. 25. Der. ORXITHO-LOGY, [6pvvjxt, 6p(xc>}, Bpojpa, to rouse, raise : M. orior, to rise.] 'Opdvras or *OpovTr]s, ov or a, Oron- tas or -es, a Persian nobleman of the royal family, condemned to death for treason against Cyrus, i. 6. 1, 3 s. — 2. Satrap of Armenia, married to Rhodogune, daughter of the king, but afterwards disgi'aced for miscon- duct in the war against Evagoras of Cyprus, ii. 4. 8 s : iii. 5. 17. 6pos, eos (g. pi. 6peu}v & opCbv both found), TO, (akin to 6pvvp,i) a moun- tain, i. 2. 21 s, 24 s. Der. oread. 6po({>os, OV, 6, {epeavds, 7], bv, orbus, bereft of par- ents, as an orphan, vii. 2. 32. 6px€0(i.ai, 7}a-ofiai, {6pxos row) to dance, v. 4. 34. Der. orchestra. jopXTio-is, ews, 7]. a dance, dancing, vi. 1. 8, 11. jopxiio^pls, idos, 7], a female dancer, vi. 1. 12. *Opxo(j.evios, ov, an Orchmnenian, a man of Orchomenus (Opxop-evbs), an ancient city in eastern Arcadia, of Sti eai'ly importance (ttoXi^/xtjXos rich in flocks, II. B. 605), ii.5.37. UKalpdki. OS, "fj, ol', at, as forms of the art., see 6 : i. 8. 16 : iii. 4. 47 : vii. 6. 4. 8s, TJ, o,''" rel. pron., qui, who, which, what, that; often refei-ring to an ante- cedent understood or expressed in the same clause, often attracted in case to its antecedent, and sometimes used as complem., 551, 554, 563 ; i. 1. 2 ; 2. 1 s, 20 ; 3. 16 s ; 9. 25, 28. Forms of 6$ are often used adverbially ; or an adv. or conj. may be used in trans- lating them : 0^ [sc. tottov or x^P'-^^^ in which place, where, to the place where [sc. eKeicre], i. 2. 22 : ii. 1. 6 : ■jj [sc. 6b i^ or X'^P?] "^^^ what way, direc- tion, or place, as, where, on the route hy ivhich ; iii. 4. 37 : iv. 5.34: ^ eSu- varo rdxi-o'ra [what way he could most quickly] as ra2)idly as possible, icith all 'possible speed (some translate, by the quickest route), fi bvvarbv fidXia-ra as strictly as possible, 553 c, i. 2. 4; 3. 15 ; so ^ rdx(-o'Ta vi. 5. 13 : di 6 on which account, wherefore, i. 2. 21 : ob ^ueKa on what account, why, vii. 4. 4. See OLTTO, ev, e^, eirl, iJiixP'- ' ^'M^- 6(rios, a, ov, pious, religious, con- scientious, ii. 6. 25 : v. 8. 26. 8(ros,*' ■??, ov, rel. pron. of quantity, also used as complem., 563, (6s) quan- tns, as much, great, or large as, how much or great ; pi. comm. = quot, as iriany as, how many : often translated by the simpler who, ichich, that, what esp. when preceded by trds or a nu- meral, 55od, f ; sometimes by whoever ov whatever, such as, so great that (& pers. pron.), &c. : i. 1. 2 ; 2. 1 : ii. 1. 1,11,16: iii. 1.19: oVoi/ xpoi'oi' what- ever time, as long as, ii. 4. 26 : ocroj w. compar., &?/ how much, tlie, according as, 468, i. 5. 9 : iv. 7. 23. The neut. o(Tov is greatly and variously used, often as an indecl. adj. or subst., or as an adv., 507 e, 556, as much as, as hirge as, as far as, as many as; hence, about (w. numerals and words of meas- ure, i, 8. 6 : iv. 5. 10); enough (esp. w. inf., iv. 1. 5 : vii. 3. 22, cf. 20); so far that, as this that, as that, that ; iii. 1. 45 ; 3. 15 : iv. 8. 12 : vi. 3. 14 : vii. 3. 9 ; w. superl., as . . as, e. g. oaov e8v- vavTo fieyicTTov as loud as they could, 553 c, iv. 5. 18 : e0' oaov over as much ground as, vi. 3. 19 : oaoy ov tantum non, as much only as not, only not, almost, vii. 2. 5. 48o-oo--irep, riTrep,ovTr€p, strengthened fr. oaos, just or even as much or many «5, &c., i.7.9: iv.3.2: vii. 4.19; 7.28. So'-irep, VTrep, oirep, strengthened fr. OS, who or which indeed, rchich very, just who or which ; odirep just where, fjirep just as or where ; &c. ; i. 4. 5 : ii.3. 21: iii. 1.34; 2.10,29: iv. 8. 26. 6paCvo|iai,^' oa^prjcrofiai, to per- ceive by smell, smell of, g., v. 8. 3. t^Tttv = OT dp or 6t€ dv, w. subj., when, whenever, iii. 3. 15 ; 4. 20. 8t6, by apostr. 6r' or 80*, adv. of time, (6's) quum, quando, when, while, i. 2. 9 : iii. 1. 37 : w. opt., when, when- ever, as soon or often as, ii. 6. 12 : iv. 1. 16. See eipL 8ti * conj., (fr. neut. of 6'o-Tts, cf. quod) complem., tJiat; more positive, direct, or actual than ws, 702 a (some- times even used before direct quota- tion or the inf., 644, 659 e, i. 6. 8 : ii. 4. 16 : iii. 1. 9 ?) : causal, because: i. 2. 21 ; 3. 7, 9 s : ii. 3. 19 : v. 6. 19 (re- peated) : — as an intensive adv., w. superl., = quam, 553 c, as otl dwapa- iot, see ov, i. 4. 8. |ovK-eTt no longer, no farther, no more, not noio, i. 8. 17 ; 10. 1, 12, cf. 13: ii. 2. 12 (w. fir], see 01;): vii. 5. 1. JovK-ow declarative, and ovk-ovv interrog., not therefore, not then, cer- tainly not. This distinction of accent is not observed by all. In ovkovv, neg, interrogation sometimes passes into assertion, tlierefore, then, 687 c. i.6.7: ii.5.24: iii.2.19; 5.6: vi.6.14. oSv* (post-pos. adv.), as contr. fr. the impers. pt. kbv it being (fr. et>t), may signify this being so, or this being as it may ; hence comm., therefore, then, now, accordingly, in this state of things; but sometimes, yet, however, be this as it may, however that might be, at any rate, certainly, esp. in 5' odu : i. 1.2; 2. 12, 15s, 22, 25; 3.5s; 5. 14. ov-Trep as adv., just where, the very place where, iv. 8. 26 ; see oairep. ov-iroTc n-unquam, n-ever, i. 3. 5. ov-iro) non-dum, not yet, not as yet, i. 5. 12 ; 8. 8 ; 9. 25 : cf. vii. 3. 35. ov-TTw-iroTC (also written ov irwiroTc) not yet at anytime, never before, i. 4. 18. ovpd, as, the tail : of an army, the rear, iii. 4. 38, 42 ? vi. 5. 5 s. J ovp-d-yta, as, the rear-cornniand, rear- guard, iii. 4.-42 : v. I. ovpd. lovp-a^ds, ov, 6, (dyu)) a rear-leader, the rearmost or last man in a file, who of course became the first when the direction of the file was reversed, iv. 3. 26, 29. ovpavds, ov, 6, heaven, the heavens, sky, iv. 2. 2. Der. Uranus. oSs,"" ciros, TO, auris, a7i ear, iii. 1. 31 : vii. 4. 3 s. Der. par-otid. ovs whom, which, see 6s, i. 4. 9. oScra, oScrt(v), see ei/xi, i. 4. 15 ; 5. 9. oi;-T€ conj., by apostr. oiir* or oil9', ne-que, omd not, nor : o\jt€ . . ovre neither . . nor : oiire . . re neque . . et, both not . . and. Ovre is commonly thus doubled in whole or part, as both primary and secondary connective, and is thus distinguished from the conj. ovoe (yet fxev ovre . . 8e, vi.3.16). i. 2. 26 ; 3. 11 : ii. 5. 4, 7. Cf. /M-Zj-Te. ov-Ttvos, see oans, i. 4. 15. o^-Toi certainly not, not by any means, vii. 6. 11 : v. I. ovrt not at all. ovTos,* ai^TT), TovTo, demonst. pron., ovTO€lX(i),'^ Xrjao}, w^eiXiy/ca, 2 a. &€Xov * ought, that ! would that ! I., 638 g : i. 2. 11 : ii. 1. 4 : vii. 7. 34. 6<}>€Xos,* TO, in nom. & ace, (o^AXw tofurtlier) advantage, profit, good, use, G., i. 3. 11: ii. 6. 9. 6pvviov, ov, Ophrynium, a small town of Troas, near the southern end of the Hellespont, with a gi-ove sacred to Hector, vii. 8. 5. |1 Fren-Keui. toxcTos, ov, 6, a conduit of water, duct, ditch, channel, ii. 4. 13. 6x6(0, -qao}, (oxos carriage, fr. ^x^) to carry, hear : P. to he home, ride, iiri, iii. 4. 47. \.6-){T]\ia, aTos, to, a vehicle, convey- ance, support, iii. 2. 19. 6x9^1, 77s, (^x'*') ^ ^'^9^^ hank, esp. of a river, iv. 3. 3, 5, 17, 23. 6xXos, ov, 6, (akin to vulgus, Germ. Volk, Eng. folk) a crowd, throng, mul- 'titude, rahhle, esp. the croicd or retinue of camp-followers ; hence, annoyance, trouUe : ii. 5. 9 : iii. 2. 27, 36 ; 3. 6 ; 4. 26. Der. ochlo-cracy. ox^pos, a, bv, (^x'^) fit for holding, tenable, strong, fortified, secure : \A. oxvpd strong-holds : i. 2. 22, 24 : iv. 7. 17 : cf. exvpos. 6\j/e adv., (akin to eirofiai • contr. fr. 'oinade 1) late : oxj/e rju (iyiyveTo) it ivas [became) late: ii. 2. 16 : iii. 4. 36. |6\]/ia, as, a late hour, evening, vi. 5. 31 ? 1 6\|;i^«, L,^ X-qxpop-ai, et\r], * wXevao/xat, ir^irXevKa, a. ^irXevaa, to sail by or along. A., eis, i^, V. 1. 11 ; 6. 10 : vi. 2. 1 ; 6. 3. irapa-irXT](rios, a, ov, or os, ov, near by, similar, like, D., i. 3. 18 ; 5. 2. •irapa-'irpo-ir6[i,'irti>,^ xf/w, Tr^irofKpa, to send by to the front, iv. 5. 20 ? trapa-p-pio),* pevaofxai, eppvrjKa, 2 a. p. or a. eppvrjv, tojioiv hy, to (melt and) run down beside, D., irapd, iv. 4. 11 ; V. 3. 8. irapao-dYY^S, ov, a parasang (Pers. farsang), the comm. Persian road- measure, equal, ace. to Hdt. (2. 6) and Xen. (ii. 2. 6), to 30 stadia, = about a league or 3 geographical miles, or nearly 3| statute miles. It was usu. estimated, and of course variously ace. to the difficulty of the route and the time occupied, i. 2. 5 s, 10 s. Trapa-cTKCvd^o), daoo, pf. p. iaKeva- ffjxaL, to put things side by side, to arrange, prcpiare, procure. A., ii. 6. 8: — ch. M., to prepare one's self or one's own ; to prepare, provide, or pi'ocure for one's self or one's own ; to make preparation, make ready ; A., i., P. irapaa-Kiv-f] 1C3 n&piov (w. (bs), OTTOJS, ware, diro, eirl, iLs els : i. 8. 1; 10. 6, 18: iii. 1.14,36; 2. 24: vii. 3. 35 : irapaaKevd^ejOat t}]v yvdj- /xrjv to make up ones mind, vi. 3. 17 : oiKaoe IT. to prepare for home (to go home), vii. 7. 57. irapa-(rK€VTJ, 77?, preparation, i. 2. 4. irapa-o-Kiiveii), 77(ra>, to encamp hij or wear, d., iii. 1. 28. irapa-o-xeiv, -) a com- mand, charge, request, vi. 5. 13. irap-eY€v6(iT]v, see wapa-yLyvofxai. irap-e'Soo-av, see irapa-dLdojiua. •irdp-€t|Xi,,* eaofjLai, (eliiL, eirjv, ehai, &v, &c. ) to be by, near, at or on hand, with, or present (esp. as a friend or assistant) ; hence, to have come, to come, arrive, attend, be rexid^y, d. ; ets, ^TTt, or 7r/)6s w. A., 704 a ; i. 1. 1 s ; 2. 2 s : iii. 1. 46 : vi. 4. 15 ; 6. 26 : rd irapbvTa {irpdyixaTa) the present state of affairs, j^^'&sent occurrences or cir- cumstances, i. 3.3: iii. 1.34; [sc. XP^?- fiara] possessions, property, estate, vii. 7. 36 : kv ru irapovTi at the jxi'esent time, in the j)Tcsent crisis, ii. 5. 8 : ird- p€(TTL{v) impers., it is present to one, i. e. in his povMr, jyossible, feasible, iv. 5. 6 (abs. irapov, v. 8. 3). Have may be sometimes used in translating irdp- etfjLL as Avell as et.it, 459, ii. 3. 9 : iii. 2. 18. •irdp-€L|J,i, * ipf. yeii/, (eXjULi) to go or come by or along, px^s by, in, or through, to jmss ; to pass by to the front, come forward ; A., eTrt, irapd : iii. 2. 35 : iv. 5. 30 : vi. 5. 12, 23, 25. irap-SLXOv, -t'^w, see irap-exco. irap-exX.T|0T]v, see irapa-KaXeoj. irap-e\avv«,* eXdau) iXQ, eXrfKaKa, a. rjXaaa, to ride or march by, past, or along, x.,iiri,kc., i. 2. 16s; 8.12,14. irap-g'px.op.ai,* eXeixrofiai, e\rj\v6a, 2 a. f]\dov, to come or go by, past, along, or through ; to pass by, over, through, kc; to pass in, enter ; to pass by to the front or place of speaking, come forward; of time, to pass, elapse; A., ei's: i. 4. 4s; 7. 16, 18: v. 5. 11, 24. irap-co-ofiai, -cVtw, see 7rdp-et/it. irap-e'o-TTiKa, -e'o-TTjv, see irap-icrTrj/xi. irap-iTiraro, see Trapa-Teivcj, i. 7. 15. 2 a. eaxov, to have or hold by or near another ; hence, to hand to, offer, af- ford, supply , furnish, provide, present, give, render ; to cause or make for a person, and hence, to produce, excite, or inspire in him ; to give up, deliver up, surrender, yield; A. D. I., ets : i. 1.11: ii.1.11; 3.22,26s; 4.10s: vi. 6. 16, 20 : M. to render or w^aJze for one's self ; to contribute or exhibit of one's own ; a. ; ii. 6. 27 : vi. 2. 10. irap-Tjyyuwv, see irap-eyyvdw. irap-fj'gLv, see Trdp-ei/it (et/xt), iv.2.19. irap-T|\a(ra, see irap-eKavvw, i. 2. 17. irap-fjXGov, see Trap-epxa/mi, i. 7. 16. irap-f^v, -fj, -T]o-9a, see wdp-eL/xL. t IlapOeviov, ov, Parthenium, a small town in the southwest part of ?.Iysia, not far from Pergamum, vii. 8. 15, 21. tnap9evios, ov, 6, the Pa.rtheniiis, a river on the usual boundary between Bithynia and Paphlagonia, said to have been named from the virgin Diana's bathing in it, v. 6. 9 : vi. 2. 1, II The Bartan-Su. irapBevos, ov, rj, a virgin, maideny iii. 2. 25. Der. Parthenon. Ilapidvds, ov, (UdpLov) a Parian, a man of Parium, vii. 3. 16. irap-ievai, -i«v, see Trdp-eiuL (et/xt). 'trap-ir]\ii,* TJa-cj, eiKa, a. •^/ca (dj, e'i-qv, kc.) to send bv, let pass, yield, allow, D. I., V. 7. 10^: vii. 2. 15? ndpLov, ov, Parium, a commercial •irapCcrrt]p.i 104 ireSiov city near the southwest end of the I Propontis, an Ionian colony, vii. 2. 7 ; j 3. 20. II Kamares, or Kemer. | •irap-tcrT?][j,t,* a-T-qcroi, €(TTr)Ka, 2 a. i i(TT7}v, to station near ; pf. and 2 a. to\ stand near or hy, v. 8. 10, 21 : la. in. i to jplace or station by one's side, bring ' forward, produce, A., vi. 1. 22 : vii. j 8. 3.^ I irdp-oSos, ov, 7], a way by, passage, [ pass, i. 4. 4s ; 7. 15s : iv. 2. 24. | irap-oive'w,* ■»70"w, ireirapipyrjKa, a. iirapujyrjcra, (ohos) to act the drunkard, be abusive, v. 8. 4. j •irap-oixo|xai,* olxvo'o/xai, ipxv/^"-'- % I to pass or have passed by : pt. past, ii. 4. 1. ^ ^ j Ilappdo-ios, ov, a Parrhasian, a' I man of Parrhasia (Uappaa-ia), a dis- trict of southwest Arcadia, about Mt. Lycffius, i. 1. 2 : vi. 2. 9 ; 5. 2. Hapvo-ariSi iSos, i5t, lu or i8a, i, \ Parysatis {= a Peri's daughter ?), half- ! sister and wife of Darius ii., and! mother of Artaxerxes ii. and Cynis, i an ambitious, daring, imperious, in- j triguing, and cruel woman, of great influence over her husband and sons. Of the latter, Cyrus was her favorite, and she avenged his death cruelly. She even poisoned her daughter-in- law, the queen Statira. i. 1. 1, 4 ; 4. 9. irap-wv, -ovora, -ov, see 7rdp-et/xi. ircts,* Trdaa, irav, g. iravrbs, irdcrrjs, all, every, the whole; all kinds of, every kind of : sing, comm., without the art., every ; but av. the art., whole or all : pi. comm. all (also translated by every w. the sing.): i. 1. 2, 5 : ii. 5. 9 : vi. 4. 6 : uAte?? o\ tra.vT(.% you, the xchole body, v. 7. 27, cf. 6. 7 : subst. ttSlv everything, all, to Trav the whole, iravTa all things (or everything), i. 9. 2, 16 : vi. 2. 12 ; i-Kl irav ^pxecdai. to [come to everything] resort to every means, iii. 1. 18. See did, diairavTos, vtKao}. Der. PAN-THEISM. Cf. omnis. IIa'i(-t an end to, remove, relinquish, a. p., ii. 5. 2, 13 : iv. 8. 10 : M. to stop (in- trans.), cease, desist, pause, rest, leave off, give up, end, finish, G., p., i. 2. 2; 3.12; 6.6: iii. 1.19: iv. 6. 6 : v. 1.2. tna<|)Xa"yovia, as, Paphlagonin, a country on the north coast of Asia Minor, between the Halys and Par- thenius, famed for its good horses and horsemen, vi. 1. Is, 14. tna<{)Xa70viKds, v, ov, Paphlagoni- an : rj Ua\aY{ov, 6vos, a Paphlagonian, a man of the Paphlagones, described by the Greeks as a rude, ignorant, credulous, and superstitious people, i. 8. 5 (as adj.) : v. 6. 3 (^the king). tirdxos, fos, TO, thickness, v. 4. 13. iraxvs, eTa, v, thick, large, stout, iv. 8. 2 : v. 4. 25. Der. pachy-derm. ire'ST], 77s, {irovs) pedica, a fetter, iv. 3. 8. IttcSivos, V, ov, c, fiat, level, v. 5. 2. ireSCov, ov, {iredov ground, akin to irovs) a plain, a fiat or level region ; ir^liva 105 irivn sometimes used in naming cities (cf. Lich-field) ; i. 1. 2 ; 2. 11, 21 s ; 5. 1. tire^evco, evaci}, to march on foot, 2)ro- ceed hy land, v. 5. 4. ire^ds, ri, ov, [irovt) on foot, of in- fantry, i. 3. 12 : vii. 3. 45 : subst. Trefos a foot-soldier, ol we^oi the in- fantry, foot, i. 10. 12 : iii. 3. 15 : adv. we^y on foot, by land, i. 4. 18 : v. 6. 1. tirciO-apxeo), 770-0;, {apxri) to peld to authority, obey, d., i. 9. 17. TretOo),""' Tretcrw, TreirecKa, (2 pf. pret. ireiroiBa to trust), a. ^ireKxa, to per- suade, induce, jjrcvxil upon; in pr. and ipf., to try to persuade, use per- suasion, advise, urge, 594; a. i., cp. ; i. 2. 26 : ii. 6. 2 : vi. 1. 19 : P. k M. to be persuaded, believe, obey, submit, yield or listen to, comply, follow one's direction or advice, d. i. (a.), i. 1. 3 ; 2.2; 3. 6, 15; 4. 14 s: vii. 8. 3 : Tret- 66fjL€vos as adj., obedient, ii. 6. 27. ireivdto * (dets ■^s, &c.), -qao), ireirei- vrjKa, {iretva hunger, akin to irepo/xai) to hunger, be hungry, i. 9. 27. ireipa, as, trial, proof, experience, acquaintance, g. 6'rt, iii. 2. 16 : kv -wel- pa yeviadai to have been well axquaint- ed with, i. 9.1 (cf. efxTreipois) : ireipav XaafSdveiv to take or have experience, make trial, v. 8. 15. Der. em-piric. jiretpdw, (fcrw, ireTreipdKa 1., comm. M., to try, endeavor, attempt; to make trial or 2^'oof of, test ; l., g., ottojs : i.1.7; 2.21: iii. 2. 3, 38 s; 5.7. Der. PIRATE, EM-PIRICAL. 7r€t., i. 8. 15 ? iv. 2. 3. n€XXi]V6vs, ews, a Pellenian, a man of Pellene {neXXi?*'?/), an ancient town of Achaia and the most easterly of its twelve cities, v. 2. 15. ||Tzerkovi near Zugra. t neXo-irovvT|o-ios,a, ov, Peloponnesian: ol WeKoTTovvqcnoL subst., the Pcloponne- sians, who were in general accounted the best soldiers in Greece, and who often, especial!}" from the more moun- LEX. AN. 5* tainous parts, carried their vigor and braver V to a foreign market : i. 1. 6.- vi. 2. 10. IIcXoirdvvTjo-os, ov, ij, (XIAottos vi)- aos, the island of Pelops), tJie Pelopon- nese or -esus, so named from its beiug so nearly surrounded by water, and from the sovereignty exercised over it by Pelops, an ancient king of Pisa in Elis, who, with his family, formed the subject of many myths and trage- dies, i. 4. 2. !|Morea. ircXTa^ft), daio, {ireXrr]) to carry a target, serve as a targeteer, v. 8. 5. neXrai, (bv, al, Peltm, a city in the western part of Phrygia, i. 2. 10. HOn or near the plain Baklan-Ovah. I tire\Tao-TT|s, ov, a targeteer, peltast. j The TreXracrrai not only carried a lighter shield (TreXr?;), but were in ; other respects more lightly armed than the oTrXtrat ; and were therefore less adapted to the shock of arms, but better litted for rapid movements, i, 2. 6, 9 ; 7. 10^; 10. 7. I Tr6\Ta(mKds, rj, ov, relating to or consisting of peltasts : TreXraaTiKov, sc. cTTpdrev/jLa, light-armed force, light in- fantry, targeteers, i. 8. 5 : vii. 3. 37. ire'XTT], -qs, a target, targe, ore pelta, a small, light shield, often of crescent shape, more used by the Thracians I and other barbarians than by the I Greeks. It had comm. a wooden I (often wicker) frame, covered with ! leather, and sometimes strengthened I by a thin metallic front, i. 10. 12 I (ace. to some, here = ttoKtou, which Rehdantz substitutes) : v. 2. 29. j tireixirTaios, a, ov, on the fifth day, five days dead, vi. 4. 9. Tre'iMrTOS, 17, ov, {irivre) fifth, iii. 4. 24 : ix. 7. 21. Treinro),* xpw, TriirofKpa, to send, D, A. P. (esp. fut. 598 b), els, irapd, irpos, &c., i. 1.8; 3.8,14: ii. 1.2,17. Der. pompa, POMP, POMPOUS. tire'vTis, -nros, 6, adj., jjoor : subst., a poor man : vii. 7. 28. tirevia, as, poverty, vii. 6. 20. Cogn. penuria, penury. Tre'voiiai, in pr. and ipf., to toil for daily bread, be poor, live in poverty, iii. 2. 26. [hundred, i. 2. 3s, 6. tirevTaKdo-ioi, at, a, (eKardv) five- ire'vT€ indecl., quinque, ^t;e, i. 2. 8, 11. Djr. PEXTA-GOX. •ir€VT€Kai8€Ka 106 Tr£pii* '^^^ or CXV^''^} ^<^XVK('-> 2 a. ^o'xoj', to sitrround, encompass, protect, A., i. 2. 22. TTcpi-'fjv, -f]o-av, see irepi-eip-i (elpil). irept-ido-t, -idvTcs, see irepi-ei/xL {elfii). irepi-tSeiv, see irepL-opdoj, vii. 7. 40. •jr€pi-t 107 UcpO-lKOS pf. and 2 a. to stand round, iv. 7. 2 : vi. 6. 6. irepi-KvxXoo), wtrw, /ce/ci^/cXw/ca, to eri- czrc^e ; J/, to gather in a circle round, surround. A., vi. 3. 11. •ir€pt-Xa|iPdvft),* X-qxI^ofxai, d\if)., iv. 3. 8 ; v. I. — Tr€pi-p-pT|"Yvvp.i, pjy^w, ^pprfxal-, 2 a. J3. ippdyrju, to break around, trans.: 31. , w. 2 a. p., to break around, in- trans., iv. 3. 8 : v. I. irepippeoj. irepi-o'Ta'upoa), cuo-w, to /e?ice or ^a^i- sac?g about, A., vii. 4. 14. irepio-Tcpd, ay, a t^ove, pigeon, held sacred by the Syrians from the tradi- tion that the great queen Semiramis was nourished as an infant by doves, and at death changed into a dove, i. 4. 9. tirepiTTcvw or Trepio-o-euw, eiycrw, to reach beyo7id, outflank, G., iv. 8. 11. ireptTTos or irepio-o-ds, -q, ov, {irepl) over and above, superfluous, spare, iii. 2. 38 : vii. 6. 31 : ol Trepcrroi the men or forces beyond, iv. 8. 11 : to irepLTTov the surplus, residue, v. 3. 13. Trept-TvyXO-vw,* re6^ofMai, rerjjxVK^, 2 a. 'irvxov, to hajjpcn about, happen to he near, meet, vi. 6. 7. 7r6pi-4>av»s {irepL-cpavrjS seen around, fr. (palvw) conspicuously, evidently^ manifestly, iv. 5. 4. 7rept-<|>epft),* olVw, evr^voxa-, to carry round. A.., vii. 3. 24. Der. periphery. Tr£p£-<|>oPos, ov, greatly alarmed, much terrified, in great alarm or ter- ror, iii. 1. 12. Il€p- in redupl. for 4>€(f>-, 159 a, ir€(j>v\a7p.ev(us (fr. pf. x>- pt- of (t>v- \6.TTw) guardedly, cautiously, ii. 4. 24. ITT], irfj, iri^, or ttt], also end., (ttos) i?i .some or au?/ ivay, by any means ; TTT] jxkv . . irq 54, in one vieiv or respect . . in another, on some accounts . . on others, partly . . partly: iii. 1. 12? iv. 8. 11 : vi. 1. 20 (5' ad for ttt} 5^) ? TT]Yirj, Tjs, a fountain, spring, source, comm. ill pi., i. 2. 7s; 4. 10 : iv. 1. 3. TTTI'YVVfJll,* TTTjfw, TreTrTjxo. 1., (2 pf. ireTTTjya am fixed), to make fast or solid, stiffen, freeze, henumh with cold, A., iv. 5. 3 : P. & M. to he frozen, freeze (intrans.), vii. 4. 3. ir-qSiXiov, ov, (Trrjdou an oar) a broad steering-oar or rudder (the Greek ves- sel comm. having two, one on each side of the stern, but often connected by a cross-bar), v. 1. 11. irriXos, ov, 6, mud, mire, i. 5. 7 s : ii. 3. 11. •Trfjxvs, eojs, 6, a cubit, = 1^ Greek feet, iv. 7. 16. liiYp-qs, rp-os, 6, Pigres, an inter- preter to Cyrus, prob. a Carian, i, 2. 17 ; 5. 7 ; 8. 12. trUXjia, eao), to press, oppress, A.: P. to be hard pressed, 2yressed or crowded together, oppressed or iveighed down, i. 1. 10 : iii. 4, 19, 27, 48 : iv. 8. 13. iriKpds, d, ov, bitter, iv. 4. 13. iriiXirXruti,* irX-qau, TreirXrjKa, (ttX^ws full) to fill, A. u., i. 5. 10. irtvfc),* TrLopLai (f), Tr^Trw/ca, 2 a. ^irXov, poto, to drink. A,, iv. 5. 32 : vi. 1. 4; 4. 11. Der. potation, SYM-POsirM. iriirpdo-Kw,* ireirpaKa, f. pf. Trevpd- aofxai, (pr. a. comm. supplied by ttcj- Xew, and f. and aor. by diro5u)6>, but translated v^ariously ace. to the connection : thus, to MAKE, form, construct, erect, appoint, ren- der, institute, organize ; to cause, pro- duce, secure, give, induce, influence, enable (tt. ii-q to prevent) ; to make in fancy, suppose; a. d., 2 A. (or a. k adj.), I. (a.), wo-re : i. 1. 2 ; 6. 2, 6 ; 7. 4, 7 : iv. 1. 22 : v. 7. 9 : vi. 4. 9 ; IT. €KKXr}aiay to call an assembly, i. 4. 12 ; ^oSov IT. to strike terror, i. 8. 18 : — to DO, perform, accomplish, eject, execute; to clo (good, evil, &c.), he- stow, inflict; to act, proceed; ae. (esp. neut. adj.) a., d. ; i. 1.11 ; 5.2, 7 ; 9. 11 : iv. 2. 23 ; w. eS, /ca/cws, &c., to treat, serve, do well or ill by, do good or evil to, benefit, injure, &c., a., i. 4. 8 ; 6. 9 : M. to MAKE or DO for one's self, make one's own ; in general like the act., but more sub- jective, and oftener used with an ace. as =.a verb cognate w. the ace. (e|e- racTLv TTOie^crdai or iroiecj' to make a o-eview, to review, i. 2. 9, 14); A., 2 a.; i. 1. 6 ; 7. 2, 20 ;* 9. 20 : iv. 5. 28 : s eirl to TToXij as things are for the most part, commonly, 711, iii. 1. 42 s? iroXXd many things, much, often, 5td iroWd for many reasons, i. 9. 22 : iv. 3. 2 : — •jrXctov or irXeov plus, subst. or adj. (often as indecl. 507 e), or adv., more, i. 2. 11 ; 4. 14 (by pleonasm) : e/c irXei- opos from a greater distance, sooner, i. 10. 11 : — irXcto-Tov or TrXeto-ra subst. or adv., the most, farthest; very much ; most or very plentifully ; ii. 2. 12 : iii. 2. 31 : vi'i. 6. 35; 7. 1. See Trotew. Der. POLY-Gox, poly-glot. jUoXv-o-Tparos, ov. Poly stratus, an Athenian, father of Lycius, iii. 3. 20. liroXv-TeXifjs, e's, (reAos) expensive, costly, rich, i. 5. 8. irojxa or •ir(S(ji,a, aros, to, {tt'lvu}) a drink, iv. 5. 27. iroixiTTJ, r\s, (Tre/iTTw) a sending forth, a solemn procession,y.^.^. Der. pomp. tiroveo), 770- w, ireirouTjKa, to labor, toil, incur toil, undergo hardship ; to ob- tain by toil. A.: i, 4. 14 : 9. 19 : ii. 6. 6 : vii. 6. 10, 41. tirovT]pds, d, ov, causing toil or hard- ship (or in this sense irovrjpos) ; hence bad, evil, disastrous, mischievous, wretched, icorthless, troublesome, dan- gerous ; base, vile, villanous, wicked, unprincipled, evil-disposed, irpbs : ii. 5. 21 : iii. 4. 19, 35 : vii. 1. 39 ; 4. 12. tirovqpcos or Trovrjpftis, tvith toil or difficulty, iii. 4. 19. irovos, ov, 6, (Trevofxai) toil, labor, hardship, trouble, difficulty : oi rfp-ire- poL TT. the fruits of our toil : ii. 5. 18 : iii. 1. 12: vii. 6. 9. Der. geo-ponics. irdvTos, ov, 6, a sea or sea-basin (while ddXaTTa signifies rather the water of the sea, or the body of sea- water); hence, even the region about a sea, as its basin : 6 Hovtos the Pon- tus, sp. used for 6 Hovtos Wu^eivos the Euxine or Black Sea, or its basin or surrounding region, iv. 8. 22 : v. 1. 1 ; 6. 15 s, 19 s. Der. pontic. tiropeta, as, a journey, march, pas- sage, course, roiofe, way, mode of trav- elling : T-qv TT. TTOLe'icrdai to make the march, pursue one s journey, to ma.rch, proceed: i. 7. 20 : ii. 2. 10 : iii. 1. 5 ; 4. 36, 44 : iv. 4. 18 : v. 6. 12. firopevreos, a, ov, necessary to be passed or crossed, which one must cross, D. : TTopevreov {ecrriv) it is necessary to march ov proceed, one must, &c., ae. : ii. 2. 12; 5. 18: iv. 1. 2 ; 5. 1. iropevta, evcrcj, a. p. as m. ejropevdrjv, (iropos) to make go, convey : M. to go, proceed, march, advance, set forth, journey, travel, esp. by land, ae., did, iirl, irapd, irpos, &c., i. 2. 1, 4; 3. 4, 7: ii. 2. ]ls,14: iii. 4. 46: v. 3. 1. iropOew, -qao), Treiropd-qKa, {irepdu} to ravage) to ravage, lay waste, plunder, a., v. 7. 14: vii. 7. 3, 12. t Tropica), la (a tw, ireirbpLKa, to provide, srqyply, furnish, bestow, A. D. , ii. 3. 5 : iii. 3. 20 ; 5.8 : — 31. to provide for one's iropos 112 rpeo-pvs sdf, supply one's self icith, procure, A., ii. 1. 6 : iii. 1. 20. Der. porism. irdpos, ov, 6, {irepa) a ivay across or through, passage, ford; hence, a re- source, provision, means, irpbs : ii. 5. 20 : iv. 3. 13, 20. Der. pore. iroppo) (later for irpoaoj, old Att. irbpaw, 104, I ^J) far from, G.. 1. 3.12. 'irop({>-upfOS, ea, eou, contr. ovs, a, ouu, {7rop(f)vpa the purple-fish) purpii- reus, purple, i. 5. 8. Cog. porphyry. [iros an old indef.and interrog. pron., remaining in ttou, ttoO, tt^, x-^, &c.] iroo-i, see ttoi^s, i. 5. 3. iroo-os, f], ov, interrog., (ttos;) qiian- tus ? hoio much 1 how large or great 1 ii. 4. 21 : vii. 8. 1 : in exclam., vi. 5. 20 : -KocTov ; how far 1 vii. 3. 12. iroTa(x6s, ov, 6, (ttotos, as if drink- able water) a river, i. 2. 5, 7 s : see 522 i. Der. Meso-potamia. iroTc' end. indef. adv., (ttos) at some or any time, once, ever; sometimes strengthening a direct or indirect in- terrog., as oTTot TTore v:here in the icorld ; i. 5. 7 (5-^ TT., also written 517- TTOTe); 9. 6: iii. 4. 10 (cf. 7); 5. 13. iroTcpos, a, ov, (ttos ;) ichich of ttco ? hence adv. , irorepov or irdrcpa in in- quiry between two suppositions (tlie second, which is connected by % be- ing sometimes understood), whether, nsu. expressed in Eng. in indirect question only (cf. Lat. ntrum , . an), i. 4. 13 : ii. 1. 10, 21 ; 5. 17 : v. 8. 4. ^iroTepcDS in which icay or on which sitpptosition of two ? et . . 9iel, vii. 7. 30. tiroT-iipiov, ov, a drinking-cup,Yi. 1 . 4. TTOTOS, 17, ov, (tto- in tt'lvw) drinlcahle, potable, to drink : subst. ttotov or -d drink : i. 10. 18 : ii. 3. 27 : iv. 5. 8 ? 4. ttotos, ov, 6, a symposium or ban- quet, drinking, ii. 3. 15 : vii. 3. 26. Der. potation. TTov interrog. adv. , (ttSs ;) nbi ? where? ii. 4. 15 : v. 8. 2. TTOV end. indef. adv., (ttos) some- where, anywhere ; hence, as a general indef. , perhnjjs, I sup2J0se ; i. 2. 27 : ii. 3. 6: iv. 8. 21 (of time)? v. 7. 13. TTOvs,* 7ro5i5s, 6, pes. Sans, pad, a FOOT : iwl iroda avax^p^^i-v to retreat [stepping back upon the foot] facing the foe or icithout turning. As a measure of length, the standard Greek foot (the Olympic) was about ^ of an inch lonc;er, while the Roman was about ^ of an inch shorter, than our own. i. 2. 8 ; 5. 3 : iv. 6. 12 : v. 2. 32. Der. AMTI-PODES, TRI-POD, POLY-PUS. TTpa-ypLa, aros, rb, {irpdrTw) a thing done, deed, affair, event, occurreiice, circumstance, case, matter : pi. affairs, state of affairs, business, trvublesome business; hence, trouble, annoyance, difficulty: i. 1. 11 ; 3. 3 ; 5. 13 : iv. 1. 17 : vi. 3. 6. Der. pragmatic. 4 TTpa-yfJiaTevonat, tijcroixai, ireirpayfid- Tev/uLUL, to be busy about, labor to effect, A., vii. 6. 35. TTpdetov, see irpdos, i. 4. 9. TrpdvT|s, es, {irpb) pronus, inclined forward, prone ; steep in descent : TO TT. the steep, slope, place or ground below : i. 5. 8 : iii. 4. 25 : iv. 8. 28. TTpd|is, €U)s, 7], {TTpdrTO}) trausactiou, business, undertaking, enterprise, i. 3. 16, 18 s : vii. 6. 17. Der. praxis. Trpdos (or Trpdos),* irpdeta, irpdov, gentle, tame, i. 4. 9. TTpaTTw, Trpd^co, TriirpdxO; {irepdui) to pass through an action, incident, or course of conduct or fortune ; to do, transact, practise, perform^ effect ; to manage, bargain, negotiate ; to take or pursue a course ; ae. hid, irepL, &c. ; i. 6. 6 : ii. 5. 21 : vii. 2. 12 : — to exact, DEMAND, require, 2 A., vii. 6. 17 '. — to do for one's self, fare, succeed, ed or KoKCos, /ca/ccSs, ovto:, dyadd, rdde {as follows), &c., i. 9. 10 : iii. 1. 6 ; 4. 6 : vi. 3. 2 : a Trpdrroi how he was succeeding, vii. 4. 21. Ilotea? refers rather to the effect produced, and irpdTTW to the occupation through which it is produced ; while iroiew refers more to the effect produced upon another than irpdrrw. To ex- press definite acts, iroied) is more used ; but to express a course of action or fortune, irpdrrw. Der. PRACTICAL. Trpcttos or Trpq'ws, {irpdos) mildly, calmly, i. 5. 14. TTp^TTft), e^w, to suit, become, beseem, ch. impers., d., i.,i. 9. 6: iii. 2. 7, 16. tTTpco-peia, as, an embassy, vii. 3. 21. tTrpeo-pevTif|s, ov, an ambassador, en- voy, vi. 3. 10 : V. I. Trpea^vrris. tTTpeo-pevw, evcru, ireirpea^evKa, to be an ambassador or envoy, or to go, come, or act as one, d., irapd, ii. 1. 18 : vii. 2. 23 ; 7. 6. Trpeo-p-us,* ews, vv, v, pi. ets, 6 (in sing, poet., 238a), c. vrepos, s. vraros, •irp€(rPvTT)S 113 irpoexw {irpi-Kdo ?) old; as subst., (since old men were ch. so sent) an ambassador, en- voy, deputy : c. older, elder, elderly ; subst. , an elder : s. oldest, eldest : i. 1. Is; 9. 5 : ii. 1.10: iii. 1. 14, 28, 34. Der. pkesbyter, priest. J.'7rp€o-puTT]s, 01^, an old man, vi. 3. 10 ? irpiao-Gai, &c., to buy, see (bveoixac. tirpiv* adv. or conj., prius, before, before that, ere, sooner than, until, even used after words already express- ing precedence {irpbadey, (piddvw, kc); comm, w. a finite mode after nega- tion, but otherwise i.(a.), 703a; i. 1. 10 ; 2. 2, 26 ; 4. 13, 16 ; 8. 19 : ii. 5. 33 : iv. 5. 1 {Tplv ^ ?), 30. irpo* prep. w. gen., (of. prae.pro) he- fore : local, before, in front of (to pro- tect, r. as a defence against, &c.), i. 2. 17; 4. 4 : vii.8.18 : — temporal, before, 1.7. 13 : — causal, &c., in behalf of , for, vii. 6. 27, 36 ; cf. vi. 1. 8. In compos., before, beforehand, 2^^<^'^'iously, for- ward, forth, publicly, in behalf or de- fence of. — Hence, c. & s. adjectives irpd-Tepos, (Trpb-aros) irpciiTOS, q. v., 262 d ; cf. prre, prior, primus, fore, former, foremost or first. Der. pro- phet, PRO-EM. Trpo-a-yopeuti), evcro},i)'yQpevKa, (comm. f. epQ}, pf. eiprjica, 2 a. el-rrov) to say or announce before others, proclaim, pub- lish, communicate publicly, A. d. , on, i. 2. 17 : ii. 2. 20 : vii. 7. 13. irpo-d^co,'^ d^oj, ■^x<*j 2 a. TJyayov, to lead or i^roceed forward, advance, A., iv. 6. 21 : vi. 5. 6 s, 11. Trpo-atpeo),* •^cw, yprjKa, 2 a. elXov, to take before: M. to choose before, select, A., vi. 6. 19. irpo-aKrOttVOiJia!,,* d-qaoixai, rjo-drjpiai, 2 a. ya-dj/xrjv, to perceive or discover be- forehand, A. p., i. 1. 7. Trpo-av-dXto-KG),* -dXwcro}, -rfkiOKa, to spend in advance, a. , vi. 4. 8 ? Trpo-airo-TpeTrw,* ei/'w, TeTpo(t)a, 2 a. m. eTpairbixr^v, to turn back p)reviously, P., vi. 5. 31. irpo-dpxoiiai, ap^ofjcai, ^jpypiai, to be- gin first or befo7^e the rest, i., i. 8. 17? irpo-Paivw,* /3?7cro/iat, ^e^yjKa, 2 a. ^^T]v, to step or go forth or forward, advance, proceed, iii. 1.13: iv. 2. 28 ? irpo-PdXXo)*, /SaXtD, ^ej3\r)Ka, 2 a. ^^akov, to throw before : M. to throw before one's self ; to bring forward, propose ; A. ; w. ra 6ir\a to throw for- LEX. an. ward or hold forth one's arms, to pre- sent arms ; irpoj3e^\T]jLi.€Pos, sc. rrjv da, 2 a. iXa^ov, pf. p. eiXtjfMfiai, a. 2). eXr,}, Tr^Trofx, 'qaw, (irepbvr) a pin) to pin or skewer to, A. irpbs, vii. 3. 21. Trpoa'-'iri'irTw,* ireaovixai, ir^irruKa, to fall towards, rush to, d., vii. 1, 21. irpotr-iroiea), tJctoj, ireiroirjKa, to make over to : M. to make over to one's self, to take to one's self what does not so belong, 2J'>'ctend, feign, make a feint, make as if one woidd, profess, i,, i, 3. 14: ii, 1, 7: iv. 3. 20; 6. 13. •irpo(r-'iroX6ii6a), ijaio, ireiroXifjLijKa, to war or prosecute a war against, A. ? i. 6, 6. irpoo-'O^wv, see irpo, rd^u, reraxo., a. p. €Tdx&Wi io ap2Joint to or enjoin U2)on any one, command, A. D. , i. 6. 10. irpoo"-T€X6ft), TeXecrw reXw, rereXcKa, to pay besides. A., vii. 6. 30. irpo-,* dpafiov,aaL, 5e5pd/jLr]Ka, 2 a. iSpafxov, to run to, run iq) to, u., iv. 2. 21 ; 3. 10 : vii. 4. 7. 7rpo(r-4)€'p«>,* oi'crw, ev-qvoxo-, to bring to, apply, A., V. 2. 14 : — M. to hear or conduct ones self towards, to address one's self or aijply to, D., irp6$, v. 5. 19 : vii. 1. 6. 'irpo(r-x«p€0), -qcTO), Kex^P'Ona, to go or come to, surrender, submit, v. 4. 30. irpda-uXa^, a.Ko%, b, a sentinel in front, advanced or outer guard, out- guard, vedette ; pi. an outpost, picket, &c. ; ii. 3. 2 ; 4. 15 : iii. 2. 1 : vi. 4. 26. upo-x.wpeco, -qaw, Kex^P'^xa, to go for- ward, advance, prosper, succeed ; to be favorable or useful, suit one's conven- ience or be for his advantage ; d.; i. 9. 13 : vi. 4. 21 : vii. 3. 26. irpv}j,va, T?s, (Ep. vpujULvos hindmost) the stern of a vessel, v. 8. 20. Trpwi adv., c. TrpoiLaiTepov, contr. Trpw, irpixjaiTepov, (tt/oo) early in the morning, ii. 2. 1 : iii. 4. 1 (earlier than usual, very early, 514): vi. 5. 2. irpwpa, as, {irpo) prora, tJie forepart of a vessel, prow, bow, v. 8. 20. jirpwpevis, euis, b, the commander m tlie prow, prow-officer, v. 8. 20. tirpcoT-aYos, ov, 6, a van-leader, ii. 2. 16 : V. I. TrpujTos. tirptoTevo), €vau}, TreirpdiTevKa 1., to be first, hold the first place, irapd, ii.6.26. TrptoTOS, 97, ov, {irpb q. v.) primus, first, in place, rank, or time, foremost, chief earliest ; often w. adverbial force (509) ; i. 3. 1 ; 6^ 9 : ii. 2. 12, 16 ? 6. 17, 26 : — TO TTpoiTov subst. , the first ; dirb or eirl rod wpdoTov from or at the first, iv. 3. 9 ; (to) TrpCorov as adr., or as an appositive to a sentence, first, at (the) first, in the first placz, as the first thing, i. 2. 16 ; 9. 2, 5, 7 ; 10. 10 : ii. 5. 7: iii. 2. 1 : vi. 3. 23, 25 : so irpCo- ra, iii. 2. 27 ? Der. proto-type. TTTaiw, TTTaiacx}, ^irraiKa, (akin to TTiTTTw) to fall, strike, or dash against or upon, iv. 2. 3 : v. I. Trat'w. •JTTdpvvjJLai,* 2 a. a. e-rrrapov, to sneeze, iii. 2. 9. irTg'pvl, 11705, T], {irrepov iving, fr. TreTOfxaL) the wing of a bird ; a flex- ible skirt or flap at the bottom of the Greek corselet, usu. of leather strengthened by metallic plates ; i. 5. iv. 7. 15 {v. I. dim. -n-repvyiov). iru-yiXT], Tjs, (ttu^) pugnus, the fist ; boxing (rendered more severe among the Greeks by the use of the cestus), iv. 8. 27. Der. pygmy. n-uGaYopas, ov, Pythagoras, a Spar- tan admiral, i. 4. 2. The commander 118 irc&s of this fleet is named "Zcifxios or Hidfios in Hel. 3. 1. 1 ; Diod. 14. 19. iruKvos, 7], 6v, {irvKa closely, cf. inu^) close or near together, dense, thick, com- IKLct, firm, in close array : irviivd adv., often: ii. 3. 3: iv. 8. 2: v. 2. 5. 7riJKT»]s, ov, {ttv^) pugil, a boxer, PUGILIST, V. 8. 23. iriiXTj, 77s, one fold of a double gate : comm. pi., gaie or gates ; hence, en- trance, pass, passage, esp. a narrow entrance or pass into a country, some- times really barred by gates ; as -rrvXai rris KiXiKLus Kal rij^ 'Zvpias the Gates of Cilicia and Syria, the Syro-Cilician Gates, a narrow pass between Mt. Amanus and the Gulf of Issus, barred by two walls Avith gates, of which those on the Syrian side are specially called at Si/piat irvXai ; i. 4. 4s : v. 2. 16, 23; 5. 19 s: vi. 5. 1 : _vii. 1, 15 s. Der. THERMO-PYLiE, PYL-ORUS. So |IIvXat, sc. ai Ba^vXuviaL, the [Ba- bylonian] Gates, Pylce, a pass into Babylonia, on the north side of the Euphrates and, as some think, through the Median Wall, i. 5. 5. — The Cili- cian Pass (Trt^Xai r/js KiXiKias), over Mt. Taurus into Cilicia, "perhaps," says Ainsworth, " one of the most re- markable and picturesque mountain- passes in the world," while Chesney adds that it is one of the longest and most difficult, is mentioned, i. 2. 21 ; now Golek-Boghaz. TruvGdvo[iai,* ire^aoixai, ireirvaixai, 2 a. €7rv6ofj.7)v, to learn by inquiry, hear, ascertain; to ask, inquire, in- quire into ; G. CP., A. P., I. (A.), irepl: i. 5.15; 7.16: iv. 6. 17: vii. 6. 11. •n-v| adv., with the fist, v. 8. 16. irvp,""" TTvpos, TO, FIRE : pi., Dec. 2, TTvpd, -Cov, -oh, fires, esp. watch-fires: ii. 5. 19 : iv. 1. 11. Der. em-pyrean. Iirvpd, as, a funeral PYRE or niound, vi. 4. 9 : om. by some. jirvpajits, ibos, i), a flame-shaped structure, a pyramid, iii. 4. 9. One of the most prominent objects among the Ninevite ruins is the pyramid or conical mound here mentioned, situ- ated at the northwest corner of the great platform on which the wonder- ful palaces of Nimnid were erected, and still, after the wear of so many centuries, about 150 feet high. It was once a lofty tower 167 feet square at the base, erected doubtless as a sepulchral or religious monument. Hvpaiios, ov, 6, the Pyramus, the largest river of Cilicia, rising in Cata- onia, breaking through Mt. Taurus, and carrying so much alluvium through its fertile plain, that Strabo quotes an oracle that at length its deposits would unite Cyprus to the mainland, i. 4. 1. II The Jeihun, about 160 miles long. tirvp-yo-fiaxew, -qaio, (fxdxofJLai) to as- sault or storm a tower, vii. 8. 13. irvpYos, ov, 6, a tower, castle, vii. 8. 13. irvpcTTO), e^io, ireirvpexo., (irvpeTos fever, fr. irvp) to have or be in a fever, Vi. 4. 11. tirOpivos, v, ov, made of wheat, wheaten, iv. 5. 31. irvpos, ov, 6, (ttu/o, fr. the color ?) comra. pi., wheat, i. 2. 22 : iv. 5. 5. Ilvpptas, ov, Pyrrhias, an officer from Arcadia, vi. 5. 11. irvppfx'Tj V^, (fr- Tivppix^^ or ni;/5- pos, the inventor ?) the Pyrrhic or war dance, in which armed dancers imi- tated the movements of attack and defence, keeping time Avith music, vi. 1. 12. irvpcreva), ei/crw, (irvpaos torch, fr. irvp) to light torches, kindle beacon- fires, or onake signals by them, vii. 8. 15. irw end. adv., (orig. dat. of irbs : by any means) yet, up to this time, hitherto ; used w. a neg. (often writ- ten w. it as one Avord, cf. dum), not yet, never yet, kc; i. 2. 26 ; 5. 12. irwXew, Tjaw, (TreXw to he in business) to sell, A. D., i. 5. 5: v. 7. 13 : vii. 3. 3 ; 7. 56. Der. mono-poly. TTwXos, ov, 6 7], a colt, filly, young horse, iv. 5. 24, 35. Cf. pullus, foal. IIooXos, ov, Polus, a Spartan ad- miral, successor to Anaxibius, vii. 2. 5. iTiofjia, drink, see irbiia, iv. 5. 27 ? irw-'n'OTe ever yet, ever, at any time, stronger than irore : comm. w. a neg. (sometimes written w. it as one word, cf. unquam), i. 4. 18 ; 9. 18 s : v. 4. 6? TTws interrog. adv., (ttos;) quomodo ? how^ in what tvay, manner, or condi- tion ? i. 7. 2 : ii. 5. 20 : iii. 2. 27 ? 4. 40 : — in exclamation, quam ! how ! vi. 5. 19? •rrws end. indef. adv., (ttos) in some ^aSios 119 1|11CS or any way or ynanncr, by any means, somehow ; hence, for some reason, somewhere, nearly, perhajjs : &8e irus somehow thus, to this effect : i. 7. 9 ii. 3. 18 ; 5. 2; 6. 3: iv. 1. 8 ; 8. 21 ? vi. 2. 17. See aXXcJs, rexw/cws. pdSios, a, ov, c. pdcjv, s. paaros,* easy, i., ii. 6. 24 : iv. 6. 12 ; 8. 13. IpaSitos, c. pg-of, s. paara, easily, readily, iii. 5. 9 : iv. 6. 10 : vi. 3. 7. 'Pa0ivT]S, ov, Rludhines, a general of the Bithynian satrap Pharnabazus, vi. 5. 7. He afterwards made a suc- cessful attack on the cavalry of Agesi- laus, Hel. 3. 4. 13. tpaBvfiew, tJo-w, to live at ease, lead a life of ease or indolence, ii. 6. 6. tpaGvjxta, as, indolence, sloth, a life of ease, ii. 6, 5. t[pa-6v(ios, ov, of easy mind,indolenf.'] poiov, patTTOv, see padios, iv. 6. 12. \.pa(rT(avr\, rjs, love of ease, indolence, laziness, sluggishness, v. 8. 16. pew,* pevao/xaL & pv-qcroixai, ippurjKa, 2 a. a. or ^j). epp^rjv, (cf. luo, rw-s/i) fiuo, tofloio, run (of water), dTra, 8id, &c., i. 2. 7 s, 23 ; 4. 4 ; 7.15; vi. 4. 4. Der. KHEUM, DIAR-RH(EA. prJTpa, as, {pe- to say) a saying, pre- cept, ordinance, agreement, vi. 6. 28. pi-yos, eos, TO, frigus, 141, the cold, frost, V. 8. 2. Cf. rigeo, rigidus. piiTTco k ptiTTeto,* p'L\po}, ^ppicpa, a. '4ppL^a, to throw, cast, hurl, throw off or doion, throw over or about, A. d., eh, i. 5. 8 : iii. 3. 1 : iv. 7. 13 : vii. 3. 22 ? pfs, pli/js, T), the nose, vii. 4. 3. Der. RHINO-CEROS. 'P0810S, a, 01/, Rhodian : 'PdSios subst., a Rhodian, a man of Rhodes ('PaSoy, from podov rose ?), a large and important island near the southwest coast of Asia Minor, colonized by the Dorians, and having a city of the same name (built b. c. 408), at the entrance of whose harbor stood the famed Colossus. The Rhodians were famed as slingers. iii. 3. 16 s; 5. 8. po({>£a), Tjao} or Trjcrofiat, to sup up, suck, iv. 5. 32. pvOfios, ov, 6, (cf. p^b), & pv- to draw) RHYTHM, musical time,a regular move- ment or ticne : iv pvdp,!^ in tinie or rhythm, irpos: v. 4. 14: vi. 1. 8, 10 s: vii. 3. 32. p-Clxa, aros, to, (pv- to draw) a dratv- ing, shot : e/c to^ov pvp-aTos fro')n the distance of a how-shot, iii. 3. 15. tp«{i.?), Tjs, strength^ a military /orcg, iii. 3. 14. Some compare R5ma. [pwvvi5|xi,* pcifl-w 1., pf. 2>- eppwpLaLf to strengthen ; see ippoj/xeuos.] 'Pwirdpas, on or a, Rhoparas, satrap of Babylonia, vii. 8. 25 : perhaps the same with Gobryas, i. 7. 12. ^]s, es, clear, ^jZawi, manifest, evident, iii. 1. 10. jo-a<|)ws clearly, plainly, Tnanifestly, evidently, certainly, i, 4. 18 : ii. 5. 4. 0-6 te, thee, you, see ci, ii. 5. 3 s. ^(r6-a\JToi),* Tjs, contr. cravToC, tjs, refl. pron., of thyself or yourself ; in gen. often = tuus, your own : i) , daoj, 1. exc. in pres., to try or endeavor to silence, a., vi. 1. 32 ? t'ovisions, supply of food, vi. 2. 4 ? o-iTOs, 01;, 6, corn or grain, esp. wheat, whether unground, simply ground, or cooked ; hence, flour or meal, bread, and, in general, food ; i. 4.19; 5. 5 s, 10: ii. 1.6: iii.1.3:— pi. o-iTa {to., 226 b) victuals, provisions, food, ii. 3. 27 : iii. 2. 28 : — rnnepas atTos a dai/s subsistence or supply of food, vii. 1. 41 ; so pi. vi, 2. 4 {v. I. o-trta). Der. PARA-SITE. StTTdK-r], rjs, Sittace, a large and populous city on the west bank of the Tigris, ii, 4. 13 : v. I. Sird/cT?. || Near Akbara or, ace. to some, Sheriat-el- Beidh'a. (Ticoirdo), Tjaofiai, aeanaTnjKa, {ancir-q silence) to be or remain silent, keep si- lence, i. 3. 2 : V. 8. 25. o-KeSdvvvjJti,* aKeddcru} (r/ceScD, a. ecr/ce- daaa, pf. ^;. ecrKedacr/jLai, to scatter or disperse, trans., iii. 5. 2. (TKsXos, eos, Tj, a leg, iv. 2. 20 ; 7,4: V, 8. 10. Der. iso-sceles. (rK€ira(r|i,a, aroj, to, (aKiirr] shelter) a covering, tent-cover, i. 5. 10 ? t o-Kgirreos, a, ov, necessary to consider : cTKeTTTeov earl impers. , one or we must consider, ottojs, i. 3. 11 : iv. 6. 10. o-KCTTTOnai, comm. o-Koireco* {-eofMat I V. 2. 20), aKi\po[xo.L, '4(TK€ixiJ.aL, a. ecxKe- \ ^djxrjv, specio, to look intently, observe ' closely, vieiv, see, discern, examine, ' sp)y, reconnoitre, explore, ascertain ; to j look out or for, look out for, keep a lookout, vjatch, provide ; to look or see to, consider, regard; a., cp., irpbs : i. 9.22: ii. 4. 24: iii. 1.13; 2.20: v.l. 9; 7.32. Der. skeptic, micro-scope. to-Kcvd^o), do-w, to prepare, dress up, equip, vi. 1. 12. iopea), riaoj, to carry baggage, be a porter, iii. 2. 28 ; 3. 19. ^crK6vo-<|)dpos, ov, {, & o-KTjvdo), ci»(rw, kcK-r]- vojKa, to pitch or to occupy a tent (the former sense belonging rather to (tkti- vboj, and the latter rather to aKrjveui), , encamp or be encamped, quarter or be \quartered, lodge, iv, Kara, &c., i. 4. 9 : ii. 4. 14 : iv. 4. 14 ; 5. 23, 33 ; 7. 27. o-KT]vifi, 775, a tent: ai c. the tentSy camp : i. 2. 17 s ; 4. 3. Der, scene. 4.(rKT]vdci), d}(TU), see aKrjveu), iv. 5. 23. |o-Ki^vw|Aa, aros, to, a tent : pi. tents, quarters, encampment, ii. 2. 17. t o-KTiirTos, ov, 6, a thunderbolt, iii. 1. 11. to-KiTirTovxos, ov, b, {(XKriirTpov a staff, sceptre, exw) a sceptre-bearer, ivand- bearer, usiier, a Persian household- officer, comm. a eunuch, i. 6. 11. [(TKiytrrui, -q-^w, to lean, fall, dart."] SkiXXovs, ovvtos, 0, {aKiXXa SQIJILl), Scillus, once a city of Triphylian Elis, near Olympia. It joined Pisa, B.C. 572, in warring with the Eleans, but the latter conquered and destroyed both, cities. Long after, the Spartans took :{p,'!rovs 122 OTravios the territory of Scillus under their control, and here gave Xenophon a delightful rural residence under their protection, about 393 b. c. This con- tinued till the Eleans regained posses- sion, after the battle of Leuctra (b. c. 371) ; and during this quiet period, the works of Xenophon were doubt- less for the most part written or re- rised. He spent his time, says La- ertius, in hunting, entertaining his friends, and writing histories. The visit of Megabyzus to Olympia, prob. in the year 392 b. c, gave him a new object of interest. Pausanias, more than 500 years after, found the temple of Diana still at Scillus, and upon a tomb near it, a marble statue, which the inhabitants said was Xenophon's. V. 3. 7 : see Scw^wi'. H In the vale of Rasa. o-Kt|x-irovs, irodos, 6, {adfnrTW = GK-fjiTTw) a low couch, a litter, vi. 1. 4 ? o-KXi^pds, d, bv, ((T/ceXXw to dry) hard, rough, iv. 8. 26. Der. sclerotic. |-aiv€Tos, ov, Sophcenetus, from Stymphalus in Arcadia, one of the oldest of the Cyrean generals. As his name does not appear after the Cyre- ans reached the Bosphorus, it is prob- able that he took this opportunity of leaving the army, perhaps displeased with his fine or thinking his age too little respected, and that Phryniscus was appointed in his place. He may have written a history of the expedi- tion to justify himself, since we find a Sophaenetus mentioned as the author of such a history, i. 1. 11 : v. 8. 1. tta, as, wisdom, skill, i. 2. 8. Der. Sophia, philo-sophy. o-o({>os, 17, bv, wise, intelligent, clever, gifted, accoinplished, i. 10. 2. to-iravt^o), lao) to), to lack, want, be in want of, G., ii. 2. 12 : vii. 7. 42. fo-irdvios, a, ov, scarce, scanty, i. 9. 27. 0"7ravi9 123 , daoixai, ecnrovdaKa, to he husy, zealous, or in earnest, to tvork zealously or hard, ii. 3. 12. t (nrouSaio-Xo'yea), t^ctw, {a-irovbatos earnest, \6yos) A. k M. to engage in earnest conversation, converse seriously, i. 9. 28. o-itowStj, tjs, {(jireij^w) haste, speed, expedition, earnestness, i. 8. 4 : iv.l.l7. to-rdSiov, ov, pi. ol crrddioL & rd crrd- 8ia, a stadium, stade, nearly a fur- long ; the [stopping-place] length of the footrace-course, which at Olympia (the comm. standard) was = 600 Greek, or 606| Eng. feet : hence, the com- mon or short foot-race itself, as in |ia, aros, to, a paling, line of palisades, v. 2. 15, 19, 27. [28. J.o-T€ap, aredros, to, tallow, fat, v. 4. t,* arep-qaw, ia-ri- pyjKa, to deprive, A. G., ii. 5. 10 : — P. & Jf. o-T€pojxai (v. I. aTep^ofxat), CTepT]- oojxaL, ecTT^prjfiai, a. earepi'jdtjp, to he deprived of, lose, ivant, g. , i. 4. 8 ; 9. 13 : ii. 1. 12 : iii. 2. 2 : iv. 5. 28. CTTcpvov, OV, (cTTepebs or (rrepposfirni, whence stereo-type) the breast, i. 8. 26 : vii. 4. 4. Der. sternum. o-T€ppc3s {(XT e ppos fi7'm) firmly , stead- fastly, resolutely, iii. 1, 22. crT€avos, ov, b, {a-T€avd(o, ibaoj, ecrrecpdvuiKa, pf. p. eoTecpdvuiixaL, to crown. A.: M. to crown ones self : iv. 3. 17 ; 5. 33 : vii. 1. 40. to-Tifj\Tj, 7}$, a pillar, post, v. 3. 12 : vii. 5. 13. (TTfivat, v/xL sterno, strew ? cf. stratus) a body of men encamped, hence, an army, host, = (XT par id q. v., i. 5. 7 : see arpdrevixa. eis, see arpecpo}, i. 10. 6. fo-TpeirTos, 77, 6v, twisted, ivreathed : subst. o-TpeiTTOs, sc. kvkXos, torquis, a tvreath, necklace, collar, chain, i. 2. 27; 5. 8; 8. 29. crTp6(})ft),* expu), ^(TTpocpa 1., pf. p. ^aTpafJifjLai, 2 a. ]). earpdcprjv, {rpciro}) to turn, tivist, ivreathe, braid, plait, A., iv. 7. 15 : — A. intrans. & M., w. 2 a. ^. , of soldiers, to twn, wheel, face about, irpos, i. 10. 6 ? iii. 5. 1 : iv. 3. 26, 32. Der. strophe, cata-strophe. (TTpovOos, ov, 6 i}, a, field-bird, esp. sparrow ; an ostrich (fully c. 6 fieyas the great bird), i. 5. 2, 3. dXios, ov, 6, a Stymphalian, a man of Stymphalus, a city near a lake of the same name in northeastern Arcadia. It was one of the fabled la- bors of Hercules to destroy the mon- strous birds which haunted this lake, i. 1. 11. II Ruins in the vale of Zaraka. j* '^^(^, ^<^XW^i 2 a. ^crx^^i to partake or have a share in with others, G., vii. 8. 17 : v. I. yuere'xa;. o-vfi-fii-yvyixi or -vta* fii^cj, Mfj'-i-X'^ 1-. to mingle or unite with (trans, or in- trans.), join, form a junction with, Tnect (as friends or enemies), join bat- tle with, D. h, els, ii. 1. 2 ; 3. 19 : iv, 6. 24 : vi. 3. 24 : yii. 8. 24. (nJH-Trapa-oTKevd^ft), d(T(o,to co-operate by preparing, providing, ov procuring, A., v. 1. 8, 10. (rufJL-'irap-€X<«>>* '^^^i ^'^XVK'^j 2 a. ^axov, to join in giving, producing, or procuring, A. d., vii. 4. 19 ; 6. 30. o-ujJL-irds, daa, av, all togetlier, the whole together, entire, in all : to a, to send or despatch with another, a. d., i. 2. 20 : iii. 4. 42s : v. 5. 15 : 6. 7, 21. crvji-TTcpi-'ru'yX.O'V'^,""' rev^oixai, rerij- X7;/ca, to [fall in with round about] succeed in surrounding, t>., vii. 8. 22? crvn-TTiirTO),'"' ireaovixaLjiriirTWKa, 2 a. ^ireaou, to fall together, fall in, col- lajjse ; to meet in close conflict, grapple or close with; i. 9. 6 : iv. 8. 11 ? v. 2. 24. Der. symptom. o-vn-irXettfs, w, (irXeojs * full) [filled together] quite or very full of, filled with, abounding in, g., i. 2. 22 : v. I. ^/jL-irXews. orvjJL-Tro8£^«, ia-uj td, (wovs) to tie the feet together, confine, encumbe7% im- pede. A., iv. 4. 11 : v, I. av^x-ireddoi. oru}i-7roX6(J.€ft), Tycrw, Trew oKefirjKa, to war or m.ake tvar with as an ally, as- sist in war, D. eirl, irpbs, i. 4. 2. o-uix-TTopcvoixai, eucro/Jiat, Trewopevfxat, to proceed, or mcvrch vnth, take part in an expedition, i. 3. 5 ; 4. 9. T][jLi,* 'f](T(j}, to [say with an- other] assent to, acknowledge. A., v. 8. 8 : vii. 2. 26. cro/xai, dKrjKoa, to hear mutuall}'', G., V. 4. 31. trvv-dXi^to, a. rfKiaa, a. p. rikiffOrjV, to gather together, collect. A., vii. 3. 48. o-u v-aWdxTo),*' d^oj, ifSXaxa., 2 a. p. rjWdyrjv, (dXAdrraj to change, fr. dXXos) to change so as to bring together, reconcile : M. , w. 2 a. ^. , ^o become recon- ciled, come to an agreement, make peace, irphs, i. 2. 1. 2 a. ^iSrji', to go up> with, t>., i. 3. 18. o-vv-ava-KajJiirTw, KdpL\j/03, to bend up together, v. I. for avy-KdjUTTTU}, v. 8. 10. o-vv-ava-irpaTTw, d^oj, Tr^irpaxa, to join in exacting or requiring what is due, A. irapd, vii. 7. 14. frvv-av-ifTTV^^i* arriffw, ecrrrjifa, 2 a. ^(XT7}v, to raise up with : M. , w. pf. and 2 a. act., to rise or stand up with, vii. 3. 35. o-vv-avrdw, rjcrui, ijvTTjKa, (avTaw to meet, fr. dvrL) to meet [and speak with], i. 8. 15: vii^2. 5. ^^ be associ- ated in command with, d., vi. 1, 32.. o-x)v-8etTrvos, ov, 6, {betirvov) a table- companion, guest at table, ii. 5. 27. cruv-Sta-paivft),""" (3rjaop.aL, /3e/37?«:a, 2 a. ejSrjp, to cross with others, vii. 1. 4. ^pu), iii. 4. 31 : vi. 4. 9. ,'* 6xf/op,aL, edtpaKa or eopd- Ka, ipf. edopwv, 2 a. el8ov, to see at the same time, mutually, or in a compre- hensive view ; to observe, keep an eye upon, or watch each other ; to per- ceive ; A. , P. ; i. 5. 9 : iv. 1. 11 : — 2 \)L pret. o-vv-oi8a (inf. (jw-eibevai, &c.) conscius sum, to knoxo or be cognizant with another, be conscious to one's self, D. P., et, i. 3. 10 : ii. 5. 7 : vii. 6. 11, 18. o-uv-ovcria, as, (elp^i) the being to- gether, a7i interview, conversation, con- ference, ii. 5. 6. (Tuv-TdTTW, Td^(a, riraxo-, pf- P- Te- rayp^ai, to arrange together, form or draiv up in military order (esp. order of battle), array, marshal, a., i. 2. 15 : avvrerayp-iuoL drawn up, in battle- array, i. 7. 14 : iv. 2. 7 : — M. , of a leader, to draw up his own troops, A. ; d7iov of soldiers, to draw theinselms up, ar- ray themselves, form in military order (intrans.), e|, Cos els- i. 3. 14; 8. 14; 10. 5, 8 : iv. 4. 1 : vi. 3. 21 : vii. 1. 35 (=1;. I. avvTideixai). Der. SYNTAX. -o-- or |u- ov, 6, a fellow-general, colleague in command, ii. 6. 29 : v. I. arparriySs. o-u-a'yid^a), daw, A. & oftener M., to slay a victim, to sacrifice, offer sacri- fice, r>., els, iv. 3. 18 ; 5. 4 : vi. 4. 25. to-<{>d'Yiov, 01;, an animal sacrificed, victim : rd o-<|>d'yia the omens or indi- cations from victims (esp. fr. their mo- tions, while rd iepd refers rather to d5w 131 cr(i)(|>povt^a> act tti6 omens fr. the entrails), the ap- ar pearance of the victims, i. 8. 15 : iv. 3, b- 19: vi. 5.8, 21. (r<{>d^a) & later Att. dTT«,* d^w, to cut tlie throat, esp. in sacrifice ; hence, in general, to kill, slay, slaughter ; A. cts : ii. 2. 9 : iv. 5. 16 ; 7. 16. aipo-6i8TJs, es, {(Tcf>aLpa hall, SPHERE, elSos) ball-sho.ped, having a hall, G. of materia] ? v. 4. 12. d\Xti), * aXu), ^crcpaKKa 1., 2 a. p. ia-(l)d\r]v, (cf. fallo, Eng. fall, fail) to trip up), throw doion : P. & M. to he thrown dov:n, fall, fail, meet ivith a reverse or mishap, ae., vii. 7. 42. dTT«, see acpd^cj, iv. 7. 16. o'(|>£is, crsv8ovd«, yjcTU}, to sling, use or discliarge tlie sling, throw or hurl with a sling, d. of missile, iii. 3. 7, 15 s. 6v8dvT|, ■(]%, funda, a sling ; by meton., the missile of a sling {stone, leaden hall, &c.); iii. 3. 16, 18 ; 4. 4. |€v8ovT|TTis, ov, funditor, a sting- er, iii. 3. 6 s, 16, 20 ; 4. 2, 26. o8p6s, d. Of, vehement, exceeding, extreme, severe, pressing, i. 10. 18 : — or68pa (neut. pi. w. accent changed) adv., vehemeritly, eocceedingly, extreme- ly, greatly, very much, very, implicit- ly, closely, ii. 3. 16 ; 4. 18 ; 6. 11. t>,* crcicrw, cecrw/fa, pf. p, criaoj- (Tixai or aeaufj-ai, a. p. ^audviv, to save, rescue, preserve, keep safe, conduct safely, A., i. 10. 3 : iii. 2. 4, 10, 39 : — P. & M. to he saved., rescued., preserved, &c. ; to save one's self, escape, arrive or return safely ; pf. to have been saved, to he safe ; els, e|, €TrL, &c. ; ii. 1. 19 ; 4. 6 : iii. 2. 3, 11 : vi. 3. 16 ; 4. 8. t2ci>-KpdTqs, €os, Socrates, an Athe- nian philosopher, eminent for wisdom and virtue, teacher of Xenophon, Plato, &c. He drank the fatal hem- lock, B. c. 399, a short time only be- fore the probable retm-n of Xenophon from the Cyrean expedition, iii. 1, 5, 7. — 2. An Achaean general in the Cyrean army, of good repute, but not of great prominence, i. 1. 11 : ii. 6. 30. tn]pta, as, safety, preservation, deliverance, ii. 1. 19 : iii. 1. 26 ; 2. 8 s. 4.S«T7|pt8as or -t]s, ov, Soteridas or -es, a Sicyonian, properly rebuked by Xen. and his own comrades, iii. 4. 47. |poveti>, -qait), a-eaw(f)p6vT)Ka, to he Vjise, prudent, or discreet, ae. : c. rd irpos to perform discreetly one's duties towards .' v. 8. 24 : vii. 7. 30 {v. I. (ppoveco). tpo(rvvT] 132 to-ftxppoo-vvT], 7;s, practical wisdom, discretion, self-control, i. 9. 3. [o-w-pft)V, ov, g. ovos, (crcDs, p'riv mind) of soujid mind, discreet, wise.] T. T* or 0', by apostr. for re, i. 3. 9. [t- the, that, a great pronominal root, of which the regular stem tos is not found in use,] ^Ttt, rd-Si {rdd'), rais, Taiir-Se, see 6, dde, i. 1. 6s; 4. 13 ; 6. 9. TOL- by crasis for tol d- or rd e- : as Td7a6d = rd dyadd, iii, 2. 26. ToXavTOv, ov, {raXa- in rXdco to bear •up) talentum, a talent, = 60 /xvaX or 6000 dpax/J-at : ace. to the Att. stan- dard, as a weight, = about 57 lbs. avoirdupois ; as a sum of money, the value of this weight of silver (unless otherwise stated), = about $1200 ; g. ; i. 7. 18 : ii. 2. 20 : vii. 1. 27 ; 7. 53. TdXXa or rdXXa = ra a\Xa,i. 8. 29. Tap,ievco, eijaoj, {ra/Jiias distributer, steward, fr. re/xvu) to be a steward: M. to carve or divide off as a steward, parcel out, determine, a. or cp., ii. 5. 18. Tajitos, ci, or Tajiais, Co, an Egyptian from Memphis, who was, in the year 412 B. c, governor of Ionia under Tissaph ernes ; but afterwards went over to Cyrus, as did most of the Ionian cities, and was appointed his admiral. He returned from Cilicia, to take the charge, intrusted to him during the absence of Cyrus, of these cities and the neighboring coast ; but on the approach of Tissaphernes after the death of Cyrus, he put his treas- ures and his children except Glus into triremes, and sailed to Egypt, whose king Psammitichus was under obliga- tion to him. Bat the ungrateful king slew both him and his children, in order to obtain possession of the treaasure and fleet, i. 2. 21 : ii. 1. 3. rdvavTta = rd ivavrla, iv. 3. 32. tTa|t-apxos, ov, 6, {dpx^) a com- mander of a division (rd^ts), a taxi- arch, iii. 1. 37 : iv. 1. 28. Td|is, ews, 71, (rdTTO}) arrangement, order, good order, discipline ; esp. Tnilitary arrangement or 07-der (pi. tactics, ii. 1. 7), battle-array, rank and file, ranks, line; the post or propef 2-)lace of a soldier ; a rank or tine of soldiers ; a division, corps, body, or band of troops, usu. larger than a X6xos : i. 2. 16, 18 ; 8. 3, 8, 21 : ii. 2. 21 : iii. 2. 17, 38 ; v. 4. 20. Der. syn-tax. Tdoxoi, 03V, (Tdoi, Diod. 14. 29, the ending -xoi perhaps originating as in KapBovxoL q. v.) the Taochi or -ians, a mountain tribe of Armenia, dwell- ing in strongholds, independent and warlike. Recent travellers in this region have recognized remains of their name and habits, iv. 4. 18. traireivos, -f), ov, lowly, humble, sub- missive, D., ii. 5. 13. iTaireivow, (haw, TeraTeivuKa 1., to humble, abase, a., vi. 3. 18. rdiris, idos, or rairts, t'Sos, i], tapes, a carpet, rug, often elaborately wrought, vii. 3. 18, 27. Der. tapestry. rdiriT'^Seia = rd eTrcTr/dcia, ii. 3. 9. Tapdrro), d^w, Terdpaxa 1., pf. p. T€Tdpayp.ai, a. p. irapdxOvf, turbo, to disturb, disorder, trouble, make trou- ble, throw into disorder or confusion, A., ae., ii. 4. 18 : iii. 4. 19 : vi. 2. 9. j-rdpaxos, ov, 6, disturbance, agita- tion, i. 8. 2. Tapixevw, eijao}, {rdpTxos preserved meat) to preserve by salting, smoking, drying, &c., to pickle. A., v. 4. 28. Toptrot, Cov, oi, or Tap *'^ ^^^^^ or ^^''^^ i^a?/, c?«'cc- tion, or respect, by this or ^A-a^ 'w;a?/ or rowfe, thus ; in this or that place, here, there ; i. 10. 6 : ii. 6. 7 : iii. 2. 32 : iv. 2. 4 ; 3. 5, 20 ; 5. 36 ; 8. 12. Tau},T€TaKa, tendOj^o stretch, push on, pursue one's wayy, continue, iv. 3. 21. Der. tone, tonic, tune. tT€ixit"> '■^^ "^> TereixtKa, to wall, fortify, vii. 2. 36. T6IX0S, eos, t6, (akin to reOxos) a wall, walls, esj). for defence ; a walled town, castle, fortress ; i. 4. 4 : iii. 4. 7, 10 : vii. 3. 19 : see MTjSt'a. — Ne'ov reixos iV^eo?i^ic7ms (New-castle), a forti- tied harbor on the Thracian shore of the Propontis, vii. 5. 8. !|Ainadsjik. T£Kp.aCpop.ai, apod[xaL, [reKfxap sign) to infer from a sign, judge, conjecture, iv. 2. 4. |T€K|Aiiiptov, OV, a sure sign, evidence, proof, i. 9. 29, 30 : iii. 2. 13. TCKVov, OV, TO, (re/c- in tLktoj to beget, bring forth; cf. bairn and bear) a child, i. 4. 8 : iv. 5. 28 s. JTcXeGw in pr. and ipf. , poet. , to arise, become, be, be favorable, iii. 2. 3 {v. I. eXdelv) : vi. 6. 36 {v. I. edeXet -yeveadai). fTeXetrraios, o-, ov, final, last, hind- most, rearmost : ot t. the rear : iv. 1. 5, 10; 2.^16; 3. 24. txeXcvrdcD, 'qaw, TeTcXeijTrjKa, to end, finish ; to finish life, die : reXevrwr making an end, finally, at last : i. 1. 3; 9. 1: ii. 1. 1,4: iv. 5.16: vi. 3. 8. tT€\€UTTJ, Tjs, the end, termination; ones end, dxath ; i. 1. 1 : ii. 6. 29. treXecDjeo-w Q,TeTe\€Ka, to finish, com- , plete, fulfil; to fulfil an obligation, pay; A. D.; iii. 3. 18 : vii. 1.6; 2.27. TcXos, €os, TO, (r^XXo) to accomplish) the accomplishment, completion, ful- filment, end, conclusion, close, result ; the completion of civic ra.nk, authority, pi. by meton. the authorities, rulers (at Sparta, the Ephors) : r. ^x^lv to have or come to an end, to close : reXos adv., at the end, at last, finally : i. 9. 6 ; 10. 13, 18: ii. 6.4: v. 2. 9; 6.1: vi. 5. 2 ; 6. 11 : see 5id. Der. telic. T€p.axos, eos, TO, {t^jxvw) a slice, esp. of fish, a;. 4. 28. TeuevtTTjs, 01;, a Temenite, a man of Temenus (T^^ews), a place in Sici- ly, afterwards included in Syracuse, iv. 4. 15 : changed by some editors to T€|JlVa> 134 ■l6T](J.t TrjixviTfjs, a man of T^^ufos, an ^olian toAvn of Asia Minor, near the niouth of the Hermus ; and by others to T?/- fieiArrjs, a man of Tt]/j.€piop, a small town at the head of the Argolic Gulf. Te|J,va),* T€fxu}, TeT/xTjKa, 2 a. ^rafiov or 'ireixov, to cut, v. 8. 18. Der. a-tom. T€va"yos, eos, to, {relpo} ?) a sJwal, vii. 6. 12. T€pE|Bkv6lVOS or TepjJLlvOlVOS, Vy ov, (repe^ivdos or rep/XLvdos the terebinth or turjjentine tree) from tlie terebinth, of turpentine, iv. 4. 13. Te€pVT|s,* {eos) ovs, ei, rjv, 77, Tissaphenics, satrap of Caria, and commander of a fourth pai-t of the king's forces ; one of the ablest of his officei's, but wily, deceitful, and treacherous. From his first command in the west of Asia Minor, b. c. 414, he showed these qualities in his deal- ings with the Greeks; and no less TlTpWCKCl) 136 ToorovTOS afterwards in his conduct towards Cy- rus and the Cyreans, where he appears as the did^oXos of the narrative. Af- ter his return to Asia Minor, invested with the authority which had before belonged to both Cyrus and him- self, he was engaged in war with the Spartans as friends of the Ionian ci- ties ; but with so little success that at length Artaxerxes, dissatisfied, and urged on by Parysatis, sent out Ti- thraustes to put him to death and succeed him in his government, B. c. 395. He was slain in his bath, and his head sent to the king, a punish- ment deserved for his many crimes. Tithraustes was himself succeeded by Tiribazus, b. c. 393. i. 1. 2 s, 6, 8 ; 2. 4s: ii. 5. 3, 31. TlTptio-Kft), * TpibaCx}, rirpcoKU 1. , pf. p. T^rpiofxai, a. p. erpudrju, to wound, hurt, infiict wounds,- A. did, els, i. 8. 26: ii.2.14; 5.33: iii.3.7: iv.3.33s. rkiwuav, ov, g. ovos, (rXdix} to bear) suffering, tvretched, miserable, iii. 1. 29. TO, To-Se, Tov-Se, rots, see 6, 6-5e. Tot* adv. post-pos. & end., (old form of aol, ethical dat., 462 e) in truth, indeed, truhj, surely, certainly, ii. 1. 19 ; 5. 19 : iii. 1. 18, 37. 4.Toi-Yap-ovv, for indeed therefore, therefore, accordingly, so for example, i. 9. 9, 15, 18: ii. 6. 20. 4.T01-VUV post-pos., indeed now, there- fore, then, now, accordingly; more- over, further ; ii. 1. 22 ; 5. 41 : iii. 1. 36s ; 2. 27, 39 : iv. 8. 5 : v. 1. 2,8, 13. [toios, a, ov, demonst. pron. of qual- ity, (r-) talis, such.'] Hence, |Toioo--8e,* dbe, ovde, usu. prospec- tive, such as follows, of this kind, the following, as folloivs, i. 3. 2, 9 ; 7. 2 : V. 4. 31. — Much oftener, 4.TO10OTOS,* TOiadrri, tolovtov or -to, (auTos) usu. retrospective, referring to what has been already stated or im- plied, such, of this kind, the same or like in kind, as jj?'cccc?e.s, as above, thus; of such a character, such in rank, position, influence, conduct, &c., irapd, TrepL : 1.3.14: ii.6. 8: iii. 1.30: vii. 6. 38 : et's ra Toiadrafor such ser- vices or emergencies, iv. 1. 28 : iv (rep) ToiovTU} in such a situation or crisis, i. 7. 5 : V. 8. 20. Toixos, ov, 6, (akin to relxos) the wall of a building, vii. 8. 14. ToXp.da>, -^cro;, TeToXfirjKa, (roX/xa courage, fr. rXdu) to bear) to dare, ven- ture, be bold enough, presume; to have the courage, boldness, heart, or hardi- hood ; I. ; ii. 2. 12 : iv. 4. 12 : vii. 7. 46. |To\|Jti8T]s, ov, Tolmides, an Elean, a herald of unsurpassed excellence, ii. 2. 20 : iii. 1. 46 : v. 2. 18. tTo|€vjjia, aros, to, that which is shot, an arrow, i. 8. 19 : iii. 4. 4 : iv. 2. 28. trolevo), ei/aw, to use the bow, shoot with a bow, shoot arrows. A., dwb, did, et's : P. to be shot with an arrow : i. 8. 20 : iii. 3. 7, 10: iv. 1. 18 ; 2. 12, 28. froliKos, T], ov, relating to tlie bow: subst. ToliK-q, sc. T^x^rj, the use of the bow,bowmanship,archery, i.9.5 : [to|i- Kov toxicum, poison, orig. for arrows, whence in-toxicate, i. e. to poison.] To^ov, ov, arcus, the bow, the comm. weapon of more distant warfare among the ancients, as the gun among the moderns ; but used more by the bar- barians than by the Greeks or Romans. Among the Greeks, the Cretans were the most famed for archery, and were fabled to have been taught the art by Apollo, iii. 3. 15 ; 4. 17 : iv. 4. 16. Ito^ott]?, 01*, a bowman, archer. As archers had not the left hand at lib- erty to carry the shield, they were lightly armed for rapid advance and retreat, and were often covered by the heavy-armed, i. 2. 9 ; 8. 9 : iii. 4. 2, 15, 26. See S/cu^t^s. TOTTos, OV, 6, a s2Mt, place, district, region, i. 5. 1 : iv. 2. 19 ; 4. 4 ; 6. 2 : v. 7.16. Cf. xc6|0a. Der. TOPIC, U-TOPIA. topos, d, ov, (Teipu to vex) sharp), smart, ready -tongued, vi. 6. 28 ? [tos the, that, not in use, see t-.] [iTocroS) 7), OV, demonst. pron. of quantity, tantus, so much, so great; pi. tot, so many.] Hence, 4TOi(], Tjs, (rp^^oj) nourishment, support, sustenatice, subsistence, i. 1.9: V. 6. 32 : vii. 3. 8. Der. a-trophy. Tpoxd^w, daw, {rpexi^) to run for' ward, vii. 3. 46. ^ rpvirdft), ijcrw, [rpvira a hole) to bore, A., iii. 1. 31. Der. trepan. Tpwds or Tpwds, ados, ij, (Tpoia) Troas or the Troad, a district in the northwest of Mysia, including the site of ' ' Old Troy, — long since perished, but immortal in verse," v. 6. 23 s. TpcoKTos, 7), bv, {rpiJjyw to eat rate) eatable, edible; as applied to trees, instead of their fruit, 2^^'oductive for eating ox of edible fruit, v. 3. 12. TpwTos, r), bv, (riTpuaKCx} to wound) vulnerable, liable or exposed to wounds, iii. 1. 23. •nj-yx^-vw,* TeTu^ojjixti, rerj^XTj/ca, 2 a. irvxov, to happen or chaiwe zcpon, meet with, find, hit, obtain, attain, acquire, receive, 2 G., A. (raOra vi. 6. 32), wapd, i. 4. 15 : ii. 6. 29 : iii. 2. 19 : v. 5. 15 ; 7. 33 : — oftener w. a pt., to happen, chance, the pt. being usu. translated by the inf., 658. i {irapCov ir&yx^^^ happened to be present, i. 1. 2) ; or else by a finite verb, and Tvyxdvoj by an adv. or adverbial phrase, as by cJumce, perchance, just then or oioiv, just, then, now, 677 e {eT&yxo.vov Xeywv I ivas just saying, iii. 2. 10, the idea of chance being expressed far oftener in Greek than in Eng. ) ; while the pt. is sometimes understood, ch. tSy, 677 d (eri^Yx""^" chanced to be or to rest, iii. 1.3); i. 5. 8, 14: ii. 1. 7 s ; 2. 14, 17 : — pt. Tvxdv abs., it happening so, hence, as adv., perchance, perJiaps, vi. 1. 20. Tvpatov, Tvpvatov, or Tvptdetov, ov, Tyrocum {-iwum, -iaeum) a town in the southeast of Phrygia (or in Lyca- onia), i. 2. 14. H Ilghun. Tijpds, ou, 6, a cheese ; pi. ii. 4. 28. Tvpo-ts, LOS, €L, IV, pi. eis, 2x8, i], tur- ns, a tower, castle, turret, iv. 4. 2 : V. 2. 5, 27: vii. 2. 21 ; 8. 12 s. Tvx€iv, -»v, -OV, see Tvyxdvu, ii. 3. 2. iTvx'H) V^> fortfina, fortune, luck, cJmnce, ii. 2. 13 : v. 2. 25. Tw, Tju, Tw-Se, Twv, see 6, S-8e, i. 1. Is: — TW end. = tivI, see tIs, i. 9. 7. Y. tvPpi^w, Lau} iQ,"vPpiKa, to be insolent, wanto7i, audacious, abusive, or so to v'Ppts 139 virepPaCvo) act or treat another ; to insult, ahuse, maltreat, outrage; A. ae. ; iii. 1. 13, 29 : V. 8. 1, 3, 22 : vi. 4. 2. ■iiPpiS, ews, i], {vvip ? cf. super-bus) insolence, icantomuss, abuse, iii. 1. 21. |vPpto-TTJs, ov, 6, as adj., insolent, wanton, audacious, abusive; c. & s. v^picTTOTepos, v^picTToraTos, 259 a (yet referred by some to a rare v^pcaros), V. 8. 3, 22. vyiaCvb), avQ, (uyirjs sanus, healthy) to be healthy, sound, strong, in full vigor, or in good, condition (of body), iv. 5. 18. v^poTTjs, 77x05, T], {vypos moist) moist- ure, suppleness, perspiration, v. 8. 15. tvSpOf^opeo), i7(j-w, to carry icater, iv. 5. 9. f ti8po-dpos, ov, 6 Tj, {(pepui) a water- carrier, iv. 5. 10. vSwp,* v8aras, to, {"vw to rain) iva- ter : i). e^ ovpavou rain: i, 5. 7, 10: iv. 2. 2. Der. hydeant, hydro-gen. tviScos, ov, contr. viSovs, ov, 6, (also vil'dovs or vidovs) a son's son, grandson, V. 6. 37 : V. I. vlbs. vids,* ov, b, filius, a son, iv. 6. 1. "vXt], 7/s, (cf. silva) wood, a wood or forest, bushes, shrubbery, i. 5. 1 : iii. 5. 10 s: V. 2. 31. 'vjj,€is, -wv, -IV, -as, Yor, see av. I'vjierepos, a, o;*, ?/026r, yours : oi v/Merepot your subjects or countrymen : TO, vfierepa ivlmt belongs to you, your property, money, or affairs: ii. 1. 12s : V. 5. 19 : vii. 3. 19 ; 6. 16, 18, 33. ■UTT*, v(|>*, by apostr. for virh, i. 3. 13. ■OTr-d-yft),* a^w, ^x'°'-^ to lead under the pressure of followers, keep out of the vjay of others, keep ahead, lead or press on (ace. to some, to lead on slow- ly), iii. 4. 48 : iv. 2. 16 : — M. to lead, urge, or suggest insidiously or craftily, ae., a. I., ii. 1. 18; 4. 3. vir-alOpios, ov, (aldpia) binder tlie sky, in the open air,Y. 5. 21 : vii. 6. 24. vir-alTios, ov, (alria) undxr blame : viraiTLov TL a ground of censure, irpos, iii. 1. 5 : v. I. eir-aiTios. {iir-axovo),* ovaopLaL, aKTjKoa, to hear imder the call of another, obey, pay attention, regard, listen, Jiearken, g., iv. 1. 9 : vii. 3. 7. v'ir-ava-T€tvc«),*Tei/tD,Tera/ca, to stretch up [undei']/or the blow. A., vii. 4. 9 ? •inr-ava-x.ci)peft), T7cra>, Kex'^pv^O'i to retreat somewhat or slowly, els, iii. 5. 13 ? vrr-avrdc!), lycrw, ijvT7)Ka, & vir-avTi- d^ft), dcrw, (avrdoj & diTtd^w ^0 ??zee^, fr. avri) to come to meet and sustain, come to assist, come to the relief, come up,^ iv. 3. 34 : vi. 5. 27. vir-apxos, ov, 6, {a.px<^) a lieutenant either in the command of an anoy or of a satrapy, a vice-satrap (ruling over a district, but under the satrap), p)ro- vincial governor, prefect, chief officer, i. 2. 20 ; 8. 5 : iv. 4. 4. vir-dpx«, a.p^03, to begin beneath or as a foundation, take tlie initiative, com- mence, p. ; hence, to be already a sup- port for, to support, favor, D. ; to be on hand to begin with or rely upon (while ei,at is simply to be), be or exist already, be prese'dt, exist, be {have, cf. elixl), D. 6{s : e/c tQv virapx^vnov from the means at hand: i. 1. 4 : ii. 2. 11 ; 3. 23 : vi. 4.9. xnr-a(nritrTT]s, ov, (daxt's) a shield- bearer, armor-bearer, an attendant not only upon commanders, but also upon some privates ; cf. the esquire of me- diseval chivalry ; iv. 2. 20. iiir-eiKw, et^o), a. el^a, {etKU) to yield) to submit to, d., vii. 7. 31. vTr-€i|it,* ^a-opua.1, ipf. ^,v, to he or lie undcriuath, iii. 4. 7 : v. I. eip-l, &c. •inr-eXavvft),* eXdcw i\Q, eXrjXaKa, a. T]\aaa, to ride up to a superior, ws, i. 8. 15 : V. I. ireXd^cj. inr-gX-fiXvBa, see vir-epxopi.at, v. 2. 30. inrep,* prep., (akin to viro, both marking vertical relation, cf. altus, high, deep) super. Germ, iiber, over : (a) w. Gex., over in place, above, from above, i. 10. 12, 14 {v. tov \6 iiirep-PdXXft), * ^a\Q, p^jSXrjKa, 2 a. i^aXov, to throw one's self over, to cross or ji?«5S over, a., Kara, irpos, iv. 1. 7 ; 4. 20 ; 5. 1 : vi. 5. 7 : vii. 5. 1. Ivircp-PoXTJ, 77$, a crossing, mountain passage or pass, G., eh, i. 2. 25: iii. 5. 18 : iv. 6. 5 s. Der. hyperbole. inr€p-8e|tos, ov, over or a&ot'g the right (hand, wing, &c.), iii. 4. 37: iv. 8. 2 (v. Z. UTrep Se^tw?') : v. 7. 31. virep-epx.op.at,* eXevcroimai, eXrjXvda, 2 a. -rjXdou, to pass over or beyond, cross, A., iv. 4. 3. iiirep-ex**** ^'^w, ^axv^o., to be, rise, or project above, D. ; ^o overhang ; iii. 5. 7 : iv. 7. 4. t)ir6p-TJ[ji,i., V. 8. 1, 18 : see diKT). vir-iiKoos, ov, (vir-aKovi>}) obedient, submissive, subject: masc. subst,, a subject, vassal : d. g. : i. 6. 6 : v. 4. 6. ■uTT-fjv, see vTr-etfj-i, iii. 4. 7 : i^. Z. 9jv. tvir-TipcTeo), Tycrw, vTr-rjpeTrjKa, to serve, do or render service, supply, D. ae., i. 9. 18: ii. 5. 14: iii. 5. 8: vii. 7. 46. •U'ir-T]p€'TT]S, OV, {ip^TTjs rowcr, fr. epe'r- Tw Zo row;) an under-rower ; hence (among so commercial a people), in general, a servant, attendant, assistant, i. 9. 18, 27 : ii. 1. 9 ; 5. 14. •inr-wrxvcoiJLai,* viro-crxv^^ofjiai, vir- ^o-X^Atcti, {^x^ 01' ^<^X^) "to hold one's self under obligation, to promise, en- gage, D. A., I. (a.), cp., i. 2. 2 ; 7. 5, 18: ii.3.20: v. 6. 35 s: vii. 2. 25; 7.46. virvos, ov, 6, somnus, sleep, iii. 1. 11. Der. HYPNOTIC. {iiro * prep., by apostr. vir' or i5*, sub, under : (a) w. Gen., from imder in place, from, beneath, as virb d^cd^??? from under [a wagon] the yoke, vi. 4. 22, 25 ; — usu., from under the eifect or influence of, by (esp. w. pass, verbs, or equivalent verbs or phrases, 586 d, 575)> l>y reason of, through the effect of, through, from, of, with, i. 1. 10 ; 3.4,13; 5.4s: iii. 1.3: vii. 6. 15, 33 : virb /xaariycav under (the compulsion of) the scourge, iii. 4. 25 : — (b) w. Dat., under (of situation or of subjec- tion), beneath, i. 2. 8 ; 8. 10 : vi. 4. 4 : vii. 2. 2 : — (c) w. Ace, under or be- neath, with the idea of motion or ex- tension, i. 8. 27 ; 10. 14 : iii. 4. 37 : vii. 4. 5, 11 ; 8. 21 : — (d) in compos., under, beneath; sometimes expressing diminution, inferiority, privacy, se- crecy, or action under the pressure or influence of others, somewhat, a little, underhand, behind, &c. Der. hypo-. {iiro-ScTJs, es, (deco to want) someivhat wanting ; found in c. VTrodeecrrepos in- ferior, lower in rank, i. 9. 5. ■uiro-SeiKVvixi,* Set^w, dedeLxa, to shoiv somewhat, begin to show, give in- dications, threaten, v. 7. 12. vTro-Sexop-o-'-j de^ofj.ai, dedeyfiai, to receive under one's roof or protection, welcome, a., i. 6. 3 : vi. 5. 31. {i7ro-8€<«),* drjau, 5e5e/ca, to bind be- neath, shoe, A. : virobebefxivoL ivith their shoes on, iv. 5. 14. |i)}, ^arpocpa 1., 2 a. p. e(Trpd(p7}v, to make an unobserved, adroit, or sudden turn, to avoid a snare, ii. 1. 18 : vi. 6. 38 : so 2 a., p. as m., vii. 4. 18. ■uiro-crxciv, see vw-ex^^, v. 8. 1. viro-* by apostr. for inrb, before an aspirated vowel, i. 3. 10. {i-ei;|Jiat, -€{p.T]v, see v^-irj/xt, vi.6.31. |v(}>€i.p.€VCDS submissively, humbly, softly, vii. 7. 16. v<^-€|ft), see uTT-exw, vi. 6. 15. i)(j>-T]7€op,at, ■t)(ToiJLai, TjyTifiai, to lead forward moderately or loith otliers close behind, iv. 1. 7 : vi. 5. 25. v-C-opdco,* bxj/o/xaL, edjpdna or eopdKa, su-spicor, to look under lest some mis- chief be hidden, to suspect. A., ii. 4. 10. fv^/TjXos, v, ov, s., high, lofty: to v\l/r)X6v, sc. x'<^P''oi'j tlie high ground, height : aXKeadai. vxprfKd to leap high (leaps) : i. 2. 22 : iii. 4. 24 s : vi. 1. 5. v^o% eos, TO, (vxpL on high, akin to virep) height, altitude, ii. 4. 12 : iii. 4. 7, 9s: cf. edpos. [<|>a-,Sans.bha-, Lat.fa-,to enlighten.] a7€iv, 2 a. of eadio}, to eat, ii. 3. 16 : iv. 5. 8. Der. sarco-phagus. aiSpds, d, bv, (0a-) bright, brightly shining, beaming, animating, cheering, ii. 6. 11. <{:aiT|v, see (j}y]ixi to say, i. 3. 7- cjjaivo),* (f>avG3, Tr€(payKa, a. ^(prjva, 2 a. p. e(pdv7]v, to bring to light, show, reveal, a., iv. 3. 13 : — P. & M. to be brought or come to light, apjpear, be seen, show or 2yresent one's self, be in prospect or pretended, d., i,, p., ev, &c. (the pt. here implying reality, but not the inf., 657k; as (paiveTai etvai he appears to be, though he may not be ; but Cbv 4>. [being he so appears] he ajjpears to be, as he really is, he is seen or shown to be, he evidently or manifestly is; while both elmi and &p are often om., esp, before an adj. or appositive), i. 3. 19 ; 6. 1, 11 ; 9. 19 : iii. 1. 24 ; 4. 2 : v. 4. 29 : vii. 6. 37. Der. PHENOMENON, PHASE, FANCY. (fsaXa-y^, ayyos, i], the line of battle, in which the front was extended, and the depth comm. small (of 4 men i. 2. 15, of 8 men vii. 1. 23) ; a body of troops (esp, hoplites) so arranged, a line, main line or body, phalanx (cf. Kepas a body in column, opdios) : eirl (pdXayyos, /cara or eis (pdXayya, in or into line of battle. In open or- der, it was usual to allow each hoplite a space 6 feet square ; but in close arrav, as for a battle charge, only 3 feet square, i. 2. 17; 8.17s: ii.1.6; 3.3: iii. 3. 11 : iv. 3. 26; 8. 9 s. 4>aXivos, ov, Phallnus, a Greek from the island Zacynthus (now Zante), in the service of Tissaphernes, ii. 1. 7. <}>avECs, -Tivai, -oOfiai, see (fyaivo}. 4.({>avcp6s, d, bv, apparent, visible, cons2ncuous, manifest, evident, plain, i. 7. 17 ; 9. 6 : often in personal for impers. constr., w. a pt., 573, as (XTepywv (pavepbs ^v (he was apparent loving] it was apparent that he loved, or he evidently loved, ii. 6. 23 ; cf. i. 6. 8; 9.11,16; and SvyXos : iv Tip av€p(iIIs openly, i. 9. 19. <|>apETpa, as, {(pepco) pharetra, a quiver, comm. of leather, with a lid, and slung behind the shoulder or on the left side, iv. 4. 16. (}>dpp.aKov, ov, a drug, whether heal- ing or poisonous, medicine, vi. 4. 11. Der. PHARMACY. 4aaT6, ({>dvai, see (piqfii. t^aoridvot, uiv, the Phasidni, ov Pha- sians, a people dwelling about the river Phasis, iv. 6. 5 : v. 6. 36. d(rts, tSos or los, 6, the Phasis (now Pasin-Su, thought by some the Pison of Gen. 2. 11), called in its lower course the Araxes (now Aras), a river of Ar- menia, uniting with the Cyrus (now Kur) and flowing into the Caspian, iv. 6. 4. — 2. A noted river of Colchis, anciently regarded as the boundary between Asia and Europe, now called Rion or Faz. Xenophon seems to have regarded the Armenian Phasis as the upper part of this river, and calls the dwellers upon both ^aatdvoi. The name of the river was also given <}>do 143 (f$i\ia to a Milesian trading settlement near its mouth, and to the surrounding region. The pheasant is said to have been brought from this region by the Argonauts, and hence to have derived ' its name {opvLs ^aaidpos the Phasian bird). V. 6. 38 ; 7. 1, 7, 9. 4>a.crxa) (a strengthened pres. for ^yjfxi* q. Y.) to say, state, declare, af- finn, allege, ch. used in the pt., i., lii. 5. i7 : iv. 4. 21 ; 8. 4 : v. 8. 1. av\os, V, ov, (of. paulus) trifling, of small account, vi. 6. 11 s. <|>£pa),*' OL(X(j}, ev-qvoxo., a. rjveyKa or -ov, a. p. rjvexdWi fsro, to bear, carry, bring, endure, x>roduce (of land), carry o^ (hence, receive as pay), a. d., ctti, irpbs, &c., i. 2. 22 ; 3. 21 : ii. 1. 17 : iii. 1. 23 ; 4. 32 : to carry one, hence of a road or entrance, to lead, eirl, els, iii. 6. 15 : 6 (pepcou the bearer, i. 9. 26 : XaXeTTcDs (pepeiu segre ferre, to bear up with difficulty, to be dejected, deeply concerned or afflicted, or greatly ex- cited, D. 456, i. 3. 3 : see 0170), jSapecos : — - P. or M. to be borne, carried, &c. ; to be borne on, thrown, hurled, or sent, to rush, fly (of missiles) ; i. 8. 20 : iii. 3. 16 : iv. 7. 6 s, 14 : — .If. to bring in for one's own use, A., vi. 6. 1 : vii. 4, 3. Der. PERI-PHERY, META-PHOR. ev^ov/xaL, 2 pf. ire(f>evya, 2 a. 'i(f>vyov, fugio, to flee, fly, take to flight, run away, retreat, A., a-jr!), bid, eis, ef, iwi, &c. ; to flee one's country, be or become an exile, go into exile, be banished: ol (petjyovres the fugitives, exiles : i. 1. 7 ; 2. 18 ; 3. 3 ; 10. 1 : iii. 2. 35 ; 3. 9, 19 ; 4. 35. cii7a> denotes rather an attempt to escape by open flight ; and SiSpdo-KO) (only in compounds), by secret de- parture or concealment. Cf. diro- (pevyw, d7ro-5i5/3d(r/fw. Der. FUGITIVE. 7]|xC * (pres. end., exc. 2 sing. (pr]s or (prfs) & strengthened <|>do"K« q. v., (prjju), ipf. i(pr]v (usu. as aor. ; 2 sing. ^^rjjda), rarer a. ^(prja-a, {(f>cL-) to say, state, declare ; to affirm, assent, say yes, (cf. aio) : w. ov (which comm. modifies rather a dependent verb, 662 b), to say that . . oiot, say no, deny, refuse (see ou, and cf. nego) : i. (a., sometimes without the inf. , which may yet be understood), CP. (r., vii. 1. 5) ; but often placed parenthetically and sometimes pleonastic, 574 (cf. quoth): i.2. 25s; 8.1, 7s, 18; 6.6s: ii. 1.9s; 5. 24 s : V. 8. 5. — To 9dvo>,* (f>ddcroj & dri(Top.at, e(f>6aKa, 1 a. ecpdacra, 2 a. 'e({>9riv, to anticipate, get the start of, be or get before an- other, arrive before, oidstrip, surptrise, A. P. (often translated by a finite verb, and (pddvw by such expressions as be- fore, first, previously, beforehxind, soon- er, too soon, by anticipaiimi or surprise, 677 f), irpiv: . KaraXa^ovTes to antici- pate in getting possessioji, or to get pos- session first, i. 3. 14 : (pOdaat irplv ira- detv to [get the start] act before suffer- ing, ii. 5. 5 : 0^dcrat irpQros to [out- strip, so as to] be foremost, 509 d, iii. 4. 20 : dpirdcraL (pddaavras to take by surprise, d'j'ji, iv. 6. 11 : see, also, iii. 4. 49: iv. 1. 4, 21 : v. 7. 16. 9£-yYO|iai, ey^o/uuti, ^(pdeyp-ai, to ut- ter a sound (esp. a loud, clear sound), raise a cry, cry out, shout, scream, sound, make one's self heard, d. , i. 8. 18 : iv. 5. 18 : vi. 1. 23 : vii. 4. 19. Der. DI-PHTHONG, apo-phthegm. <{>0e{p(o,* depC3, ^(pOapKa, to destroy, lay ivaste, a., iv. 7. 20. 0ov€o>, 7)0-0}, {cf>d6vos envy) to envy, D., i.^9. 19 : V. 7. 10. idXi], rjs, patera, a broad, shallow cup or boivl, saucer, for drinking or libation, iv. 7. 27. Der. phial, vial. C|>iXaiTEpos c, of 0t\oj, i. 9. 29 ? t<|>iX€ft), Tjo-w, Tr€(pt\r]Ka, to love, with a pure love, as of friendship ; more emotional in sense than dyaTrdcj, less passionate than ipdcj, and less strong than arepyca • A.; i. 1. 4 ; 9. 25, 28. |'l>i\T|lXlKOS 144 oivCk€Os botli subjective and objective (cf. love of), 444, 538 d, i. 3. 5 : ii. 5. 8, 24 : V. 6. 11: vii. 7. 29 {love to you) : — irpbs tXiav [in accordance with friendship] iii a friendly tnanner, in peace or friendsM}), i. 3. 19 (or to a friendly country, see (fiiXios). See 5td. t<}>iXtK6s, 7), 6v, befitting a friend, of a friendly nature, friendly, iv. 1. 9 : V. 5. 25 (i". I. €TriTr]5€LOs). See (piXios. J<})LXtKa)s in a friendly manner, on friendly terms, as a friend, ii. 5. 27 : vi. 6. 35. tiXios, a, ov, of a friend ov friends, friendly, in amity or at peace, esp. opposed to TToXe/xios, and often applied to places (as ^iXikos rather to acts, and (piXos to persons), D.: 5ta ^tXi'as T7}s xc6/3as through the country as friendly or in peace, 523 b : i. 3. 14 ; 6. 3 (of a person) : ii. 3. 26 ; 5. 18 : v. 7. 13 s, 33 : 0t\ta, sc. x^P^ or yij, a friendly country, region, or land, ii. 3. 27 : \i. 6. 38 : vii. 3. 13. See (f>LXla. t4>iX-i'TrTros, ov, s., fond of horses, i. 9. 5. Der. Philip, philippic. tiXo-9T|pos, ov, s., [d-qpa hunting) fond of Minting or the chase, i. 9. 6. t<{>iXo-K£p8€(i), rjCTto, (Kepdos) to love, seek, or be greedy of gain, i, 9. 16. tiXo-viKia, as, {viKrj) eagerness for victory. t€»tXd-|€vos, ov, Philoxemcs, a good soldier from Pellene in Achaia, v. 2.15. t iXo-Tr6X€jios, ov, fond of ivar, war- loving, passionate for war, ii. 6. 1, 6. (j>iXos, 77, ov, c. & s. (pLXairepos or (piXrepos, -raros,* amicus, friendly (cf. 0tXtos), ivell-dis2)osed, attached: subst. (|>iXos, 01', a friend, adherent, favorite: d. (as subst., also w. G.): i. 1.2, 5; 3. 6, 12; 4.2; 6.6; 7.6s; 9. 10, 20 s, 27 s, 29 (c), 31 : iv. 4. 4. Der. PHILO-, PHIL-. 4c|)iX6-os, ov, fond of ivisdom : subst. iXo(ro4>os, 01;, a philosopher, ii. 1. 13. J.<|)tXo-iXoTi|ieo|Jiai, T7(ro/x.ai ,7rf 0tXoT//i7?/uat, . eiXo-<}>pov€OfJLa(., rjaofxai, a. e0tXo- ^povTjadfxrjv or -'f]6r]v, {(piXo-cppojv friend- ly-minded, fr. (f)p7]v mind) to be kindly disposed, express good-will or friend- ship?, show kindness or favor ; to treat or greet as a friend, A. ; ii. 5. 27 : iv. 5. 29, 32, 34. 4>Xtdonos, ov, 6, a Phliasian, a man of Phlius (^XtoOs), a city with a small territory in the northeast of the Pe- loponnese, on the Asopus (now the St. George). It was commonly jealous of its neighbor Argos, and in alliance with Sparta, vii. 8. 1, || Ruins near the village of St. George. t<|>Xvdp€c«), -qffw, ((pXvdpos) to talk nonsense, speak absurdly, iii, 1. 26, 29. ({>Xvdp(a, as, (= (pXvdpos babbling, fr. (pXvcj bullio, to bubble up) pi. nu- gae, idle talk, absurdities, fooleries, mere trifling, nonsense, i. 3. 18. t<|>oP6pds, d, 6v, s., frightful, fearful, alarming, terrible, formidable, to be feared, D. i., fx-f], ii. 5. 9 : iii. 4. 5 : v. 2. 23; ^5. 17; 7. 2. top6ci), Tjcw, to frighten, terrify, scare, a. , iv. 5. 17 : — 4>op€o^ai., -qaopLai, irecpo^rj/xai, a. ed|3os, ov, 6, {(f)€^opLai to flee) fear, dread, fright, alarm, panic, terror, G., I., CP., ii. 2. 19 ; 4. 3 : iii. 1. 18 : vii. 4. 1 : pi. terrors, fearful threats, iv. 1. 23 : Tov €K tQv 'EXXtjviov els toi>s ^ap^dpovs (po^ov the terror [struck from the Greeks as the source, into the bar- barians] with ivhich the Greeks struck the barbarians, i. 2, 18 ; cf. vii. 2. 37. Der. HYDRO-PHOBIA. t<}>oivtK60s, ia, €ov, contr, (f>oiviKOvs, 7], ovv, 2>urple-red, purple or crimson, a color early prepared by the PhcB- nicians from the murex of the neigh- boring sea, and chosen by the Greeks for war-garments from its brilliant effect and its disguising blood, i. 2. 16 ; V. I. vXaK^ t^oiviKi], Tjs, Phoenicia or Phenice, a narrow strip on the Syrian coast of the Mediterranean, peopled by a Se- mitic race, illustrious for their early commerce, arts, inventions, and colo- nies. They founded Carthage, ' ' Rome's great rival," and imparted letters to Greece, i. 4. 5 ; 7. 12 : vii. 8. 25. t<|)OiviKiotvt| or ^oivi|, I/fos, 6, Phcenicia,n : subst., a Phoenician, i. 4. 6. Hence, 6 <|>otvi| the date-palm, date-tree, palm, as bearing the Phoenician fruit, since dates were brought in commerce from Phoenicia to Greece (yet some explain rather ^oivlKr] as the date-land), i. 5. 10. Of this tree, so great an orna- ment to the country where it grows, and so invaluable to the inhabitants, Strabo says that a Persian poem sang the uses to the number of three hun- dred and sixty. Der, phcenix. oX6t], Tjs, a mountain range on the boundary between Elis and Ar- cadia, fabled as the scene of a battle of Hercules with the Centaurs, and as named by him from one of them who was here buried, Pholus, v. 3. 10. ijMauro Bouni, or Xiria. (}>opeb>, rj(T(j}, irecpjpTjKa 1., {4>epoS) iterative, to carry habitually, wear; to hrlnq in successive loads ; A.; i. 8, 2'J: v."2. 26: vii. 4. 4. <{>dpos, ov, 6, ((pepoj) tribute, v. 5, 7. (j>opTiov, ov, {(pepcj}) a burden, load, V. 2. 21 : vii. 1. 37. <{>pd^a),* dew, ir€(j)paKa, to TELL, bid, direct, state, declare, mention, d. I., A. CP., i. 6. 3: ii. 3. 3; 4. 18: iv. 5. 29, 34 : vi. 0. 20. Der. phrase. I^^pao-ias, ov, Phrasias, an officer from Athens, vi. 5. 11. c()p6ap, (ppedTos, to, a well, cistern, iv. 5. 2.5. <})povc'c«), Tjtrw, irepriv mind) to think, understand, perceive, discern, be wise ov sagacious, A. of neut. adj., ii. 2. 5 : fiiya 0. to think [big] loftily, to be high-minded, dated, or proud, iiri, iii. 1. 27 : v. 6. 8 : irXeov 0. to be superior iu wi-idom, vi. 3. 18. LEX. AN. 7 4<|>povt]|ia, aros, to, thought, spirit, confidence, iii. 1. 22 ; 2. 16. 4 4>povi(Jios, ov, thoughtful, prudent, discreet, sensible, judicious, sagacious, self-jjossessed, i. 10. 7 : ii. 5. 16 ; 6. 7. |(^)povTi^(o, iVoj lu), Trepot)piov, ov, dim. in form only, a garrisoned post, fortress, garrison, i. 4. 15 : V. I. <(>povpd, as, a garrison. <|>povpd9, ov, 6, {TTpo-opdu}, 159 g, h') a watcher, guard, garrison-soldier , vii. 1. 20 ; 8. 15 (om. by some). ^^t-^a.vov, ov, {(ppuyco frigo, to parch) a dry stick, or twig ; pi. firewood, fag- ots, &c., iv. 3. 11. 4>pv7ta, as, (^pv^ Phrygia {Great, or Proper) a large inland country, the western part of the great table land of Asia Minor. It appears to have been the native region of the flute- music (which early vied with that of the lyre, see Mapcn^as), and of some of the rites of Bacchus and Cybele. i. 2. 6s; 9. 7. — 2. Lesser Phrygia, a name given to the northern part of Mysia, extending along the coast of the Pro- pontis to the HellesYJont, with the Troad sometimes included. This was part of the satrapy of Pharnabazus, while Great Phr3^gia was given to Cyrus, and afterwards to Tissaphernes. V. 6. 24. — See ^pv^. vYds, d8os, 6, a fugitive, exile, i. 1. 9, 11 ; 7. 5: iv. 2. 13. ■\<^vyr\, rjs, fuga, flight ; banishment, exile; i. 8. 24 : iv. 2. 12 : vii. 7. 57. <{)ij'Y(o, -oifii, -£iv, -tov, see (pevyct). ^^vkaK-i], rjs, watch (whether act, time, place, or persons engaged, 363 h), guard, ward, custody, guard-station, yirrison, sentinels, g., irpbs. The J <)>vXa| 146 XaXcTTos Greeks usn. divided the night into three watches, as the Romans into four. 1.1.6] 4. 4 : ii. 4. 17 ; 6. 10 : iv. 1.5; 5. 21, 29 : v. 8. 1 : vii. 6. 22. t<|)i»Xa|, a/cos, 6 i], a guard (the in- dividual, as 4>v\aKri the company), watcher, sentinel, custodian ; pi. a guard (collectivel)'), hody-guard, gar- rison, &c. ; i. 2. 12 : iv. 2. 5s : vi. 4. 27 ; 5. 4 : Xoxos v\dTTa>, d^w, ire(piL)\axO; to guard, watch, garrison, keep, keep guard or watch, A. D., AE., er/ • (f>vKaKas (f>v- Xdrreiv to keep, maintain, or stand guard; i. 2. 1, 21 s ; 4. 4 s : ii. 6. 10 : V. 1. 2 ; 3. 4 : — M.to guard one's self against another, he or keep on one's guard against, beware of, guard against, keep watch upon, guard or keep guard for one's own safety, take care, A. (of object guarded against), AE., ix-q, cl)s, {hare, i. 6. 9 : ii. 2. 16 ; 5. 3, 37: vii. 3. 35 ; ^. traaav, sc. v(rd(i>, lyo'w, a. p. e(j)var]6r]v, {(pvcra a blast, bellows) to inflate, blow up, A., iii. 5. 9. vo-Kos, ov, 6, the Physcus, a stream by Opis, ii. 4. 25. || The canal Katur, or Nahr- Awan ; ace. to some, the river Adhem. t<{)VT€iici>, ei(Tw, TTecpOrevKal., {(pVTov a plant) to plant. A., v. 3. 12. 4)vw (u),* cf)v(T(A), iricf)VKa, 2 a. e^tvv, to bring into being, produce, A., i. 4. 10 : but in pf. and 2 a., to come into being, cf. fui. Der. physics, phy- sician, PUYSIO-LOGY. 4>a)KdLs, t8os, 7), a Phoccean woman, from ^b)Kai.aL, Phoccea (now Foggia or Fokia), an Ionian city of great com- mercial enterprise and great prosperi- ty until its capture by the army of the elder Cyrus, when a large part of its inhabitants, embarking in their vessels, sought new homes in the dis- tant west (among others, Marseilles). The Phocsean mentioned in i. 10. 2 was named Milto from her brilliancy of complexion, but by Cyrus Aspasia after the favorite of Pericles. She liad been brought up by her father Ilermotimus in poverty and without a mother's care : and wlien brought by force to Cyrus, won his affection by her wisdom and virtue, even more than by her remarkable beauty. Af- ter his death, she became also a fa- vorite of Artaxerxes, who, it is stated, had specially ordered her capture ; but when he had associated with him- self upon the throne his son Darius, the latter asked that he would also grant him Aspasia. Artaxerxes prom- ised to do this, since, according to usage, the iirst request of a successor elect could not be denied ; but, in- stead of fulfilling his promise, made her a priestess (ace. to Plutarch, of Anitis, the Persian Diana). This so enraged the disappointed son that he joined Avith Tiribazus in seeking his father's life, but lost his own. i. 10. 2. (i)vifj, 175, (0a-) vox, a sound of the voice, voice, speech, language, ii. 6. 9 : iv. 8. 4. Der. phonetic, eu-phony. (i)T6s, TO, (0a-) light of day, a fire, &c., iii. 1. 12 : vii. 4. 18 : 0tDs iyeuero daylight came, it became lights vi. 3. 2. Der, photo-gkaph. X. \atpa),* x<^'-PV<^^t KexdprjKa, to re- joice, p., vii, 2. 4 : to take leave, depart (from the common expression in leave- taking, xaZpe farewell) ; hence, iay XaipcLv to let go, hid farewell to, vii. 3. 23 : xai/awv rejoicing, with impunity^ V. 6. 32. XaXSaioijajf, oi, theChaldmi, or-ceans, a warlike and independent people of Armenia, perhaps the remains in their early seat of the po^verful tribe that conquered Babylonia, and becoming effeminate were themselves conquered by the Medes and Persians, They seem to have been also called XdXv- /3es ; and Xenophon uses both names, apparently for the same tribe, iv, 3. 4 : V. 5. 17 : vii. 8. 25. See XdXvxp. txa-Xtiratvo), ap^, to he severe, angry y indignant, displeased, provoked, in- censed, or enraged, D. G,, 6ti, i. 4. 12; 5. 11, 14 : vii. 6. 32 : so a. p. as m. exaXeTrdvdrjv, iv. 6, 2. XaXcirds, r], 6v, c, s., HARD to do, bear, take, &c. ; difficult, irksome^ troublesom.e ; grievous, severe, stern, harsh, violent, hitter, cross, fierce. XaXeirws 147 Xeipicro(f>os cruel, dangerous : to xaXf^roj' the se- verity, harshness, fierceness : i. : i. 3. 12: 'ii.6.9,lls: iii.1.13 ; 4.35 : v.1.7. IXa^cirws hardly, with difficulty, grievously, severely : x- ^X^'" io he grievously affected, deeply concerned, or greatly distressed : see (pepu : i. 3. 3: iii. 3.13; 4.47: v. 7. 2 : vi. 4. 16. \aXivda), oxrw, /fexa^i'j'w/fa 1., (xa- XIj/js a hridlc) to bridle. A., iii. 4. 35. txo-XKCOS, ea, eov, contr. xc^^ous, v, ovv, brazen or rather bronze, of brass or bronze, i. 2. 16 : v. 2. 29. tXoXKTjSovta, or KoXx'nSovia, as, Chalcedonia, the territory about the city of Chalcedou and belonging to it, vi. 6. 38. tXa\KT]8«v, or 'K.a\xv^uiv{i()'j\)), bvos, 7], Chalcedon, a city in Bithynia, founded by the Megarians, b. c. 674, on the Propontis at the entrance of the Thracian Bosphorus. Though it became a considerable city, it was sometimes called the "City of the Blind," because its founders over- looked the superior advantages of the nearly opposite site of Bvzantium. vii. 1. 20 ; 2. 24, 26. ||Kadi-Keui. XaXKos, 00, 6, ses, copper ; but more commonly bronze, an alloy of copper and tin (usu. about ^ copper to ^ tin) greatly used by the ancients, and ad- mitting a harder temper than the more modern brass, an alloy of copper and zinc. The latter term is, how- ever, common in translation. 'K.oKkqs Tis ij^TpaiTTe [some bronze glistened] there was a gleaming of brass or brazen armor, i. 8. 8. IXa'^i<"K-°''> o-Tos, TO, a brazen (or bronze) lUcnsil, iv. 1. 8. XdXos, Of, 6, the Chains, a river in Syria, i. 4. 9. |1 The Koweik, the liver of Aleppo. XoLXu,]/, v^os, 6, a Clialybian, or one of the Chalybes, a people so skilled in working iron that they eithei- gave their ! name to steel {xd\v\l/, as if Chalybian iron), or were themselves named from it : cf. 01 os, ov, Chirisophus, a general sent from Sparta to Cyrus with auxiliary troops, in return for the zealous and liberal aid which he had rendered in the Peloponnesian War. He was the chief leader of the van in the retreat, and was at one XeipoTrXtjO'^is 148 Xpd« time chosen sole commander of the Cyreans. After the death of Clear- chus, he was considered the first of the generals in dignity, as Xenophon was first in influence ; and the two worked together with great harmony for the salvation of the army. i. 4. 3. |X€''PO-''''\T]0T|s, €$, {ir\7}d(A}) filling the hand, as large as can be held in the hand, iii. 3. 17. jX.ci'Po-irotTjTos, ov, {iroieu}) made by hand, iv. 3. 5. IX^ipow, c6(raj, A. and oftener M., to handle, master, overpower, subdue, vii. 3.11. IXetpwv,* Of, (c. referred to Ka/cos • s. xetpicrros) worse, inferior : x^^P^^ icTTLv avTi^ it is worse with him, he is less to be prized or worth less, Trpos : V. 2. 13: vii. 6. 4, 39. X6ppo-VT] X'7^<35, 6 7], anser, Germ. Gans, a goose, i. 9. 26. X0€S adv., YESTER-rfa?/, vi. 4. 18 ? XtXiot, ai, a, a thousand, i. 2. 3, 6, 9 ; 6. 2 : ii. 2. 6. Der. chiliast. XiX-os, ov, 6, grass cut for feeding animals, fodder, forage : ^rjpbs %. di-y grass, hay : i. 5. 7 ; 9. 27 : iv. 5. 33. IX^Xow, t^cw, to feed with cut grass, to fodder. A., vii. 2. 21. X^fxaipa, as, {xijxapos a goat of the first year; fr. xet/x,a winter, as if a winters kid ?) a sJie-goat of the first year, female kid, iii. 2. 12. Der. CHIMERA. Xios, ov, 6, a Chian, a man of Chios (Xios, now Scio), one of the larger islands of the iEgean, near the coast of Ionia. It was colonized by the lonians, and formed a powerful maritime state, until its conquest and cruel devastation by the Persians, B. c. 493. On recovering its liberty through the battle of Mycale, B.C. 479, it became for a long period one of the closest allies of Athens. It has since repeatedly suflered the evils of war, and most severely from its brutal desolation by the Turks in 1822 A. i). Of the many places that claimed the birth of Homer, Chios, except perhaps Smyrna, seems best entitled to the honor: "The blind old man of Scio's rocky isle" (Byron), iv. 1. 28. XtTwv, wvos, 6, tunica, a tunic, frock, the common under- or working- garment of the Greeks and Eomans, ch. of wool, and often short or drawn up by the girdle ; hence, in general, a garment worn next the skin ; i. 2. 16 ; 5. 8 : v. 2. 15 : vii. 4. 4 (where the term is extended to the Thracian breeches or trousers). 4.X«'Twvi(rK0s, ov, 6, dim., a small or short tunic, v. 4. 13. Xtwv, 6vos, 7], (xfw to pour) snow, iv. 4. 8, 11 ; 5. 3 s. Cf. x^i-P-^^ '> and Hima-laya, the abode of snow. xXajJtvs, J^5os, T], a short cloak or mantle, esp. worn by horsemen, vii. 4. 4. Xoivi|, iKos, 7) (v. Z. 6) a. chosnix, or a quart very nearly, -^-^ of a /xeSipivos. This was a common daily allowance of corn to a soldier, i. 5. 6. Some re- duce the xoti'i^ to -^j of the /uLedL/xvos. txoupeios, a, ov, of sivine : Kpea xot- peta swine's fiesh, pork, iv. 5. 31. Xoipos, ov, 7), porcus, a tame swine, esp. young, a pig, vii. 8. 5. txopeuto, evau), Kexop^vKa, to dance, esp. in a choir, iv. 7. 16 : v. 4. 17. Xopos, ov, 6, a CHOIR, band, troo}^, or roiv of dancers, v. 4. 12. Der. CHORUS, CHORAL. XopTos, ov, 6, fodder, forage, grass, herbage, i. 5. 5 : ii. 4. 11 : see Kovos. Xpaw * (det? 77s, &c., 120 g), ria-w, Kexpv'^^, io supply need: hence, — (a) M. xpaop,ai, -qaofxai, k^xPVP-o-i-) 3,. iXPV(^o./jiT]v, utor, to supply one's own need by using what is required, to use, er^ijjloy, make use of make useful or of use, have the use or service of ; to experience, enjoy, find ; to treat, man- age, practise upon, take advantage of ; XP^> 149 X<»pos D. (and appositive or adj., w. or \A'ith- 0Ut"U)5 or dxnrep) AE., els, dvrl : i.3.5 ; 4. 8, 15 ; 5. 3 ; 9. 5, 17 : ii. 1. 6, 12 ; 6. 25 : iv. 4. 13 : xPW^^^-'i- ti- to make any use of, use or employ for any ser- vice, use or treai in any way, i. 3. 18 : ii. 1. 14 : vi. 6. 20 : iroXefxla expVTo experie7iced [as hostile] the hostility of, ii. 5. 11 ; so Treido/Mepocs (TriOTordrw) ixpVTO received obedience {the most faithful service) from, ii. 6. 13 : iv. 6. 3 : fiaxo-'i-po- X- io flourish a sword, vi. 1. 5 : aryopa %. to subsist by a market, vii. 6. 24. — (b) impers. XP^* {XPVi XP^h, XPVvai, Xpewf), f. XPV<^^^^ ipf. expw or XPW, it supplies need, it is useful or necessary, it must or ought to be, one must, should, or ought, i. (A.), i.3. 11; 4.14: iii.1.7; 2.24,36. Der. CHRESTO-MATHY. Xpii^w, 770"^ not Att., (xp^l-o- nsus, icse, need, akin to xpdw) to need, want, ivish, desire, I., i. 3. 20 : iii. 4. 41. txP'HH^a', aros, to, a thing used (cf. irpayfia) ; usu. pi. things of value, goods, possessions, effects, booty, spoil, property, wealth, esp. money; i. 1. 9; 3.14; 4. 8; 10. 3: ii. 4. 27; 6. 5 s. JXP'HH'Q'TicrTiKos, ri, ov, (xpT/^aart^Oytia: ifo make mxiney) inoney- making, prom- ising wealth, indicative of gain, vi. 1. 23. XP'fjvai, xpf]o-0ai, see XP^^^ i. 4. 14s. JXp-Zjcriixos, Vi 01', s., useful, of use or value, serviceable, d., i.6.1: ii.5.23. txp^K"** or XP''°"H''°'j <^''"os, TO, ointment, unguent, iv. 4. 13. Der. chrism. Xptw, icroj, Kexp'i-Ko. 1., to anoint : M. to anoint one's self, iv. 4. 1 2. Der. CHRISTIAN. Xpovos, ov, 6, time, i. 3. 2 ; 8. 8 : iroWov xpot^ov [within] for a long time, i. 9. 25 : -nfj-Laei XP^^V [with, by means of] in half tlie tivxe, i. 8. 22 : XP^^V by time, by protracted siege, iii. 4. 12. See vvv. Der. CHRONIC, chronicle, CHRONO-LOGY. txp^o"eos, ea, eov, contr. XP'"*'"o^S, rj, oG^, of gold, golden, covered or j^lccted with gold, gilded, i. 2. 10, 27 ; 10. 12. tyjpva-iov, ov, dim., gold in small pieces for monev, gold money, amount of gold, i. 1. 9;" 7. 18 : vii. 8. 1. tXpucro-TroXts, ews, i], Chrysopolis, a town of Chalcedonia, on the Thra- cian Bosphorus, opposite Byzantium; said to have been so named, because the Persians made it a place of deposit for gold collected from Europe as trib- ute or booty, vi. 3. 16. |i Scutari. Xpucros, ov, 6, gold, iii. 1. 19. Der. CHRYSO-LITE, CHRYSALIS. IXP^o-o-XttXivos, ov, {xoOuvos bridle) icith gold-studded bridle, i. 2. 27. Xp(3|iai., -jJievos, see xP<^^j i- 4. 8. tx'^pci', as, (^ place, esp. a country ^ region, 'province, district, territory, land; a place, p)osition, or post, in military disposition (see Kara); i. 1. 11; 5. 5,9; 8.17: iii. 4.33: pi. i. 9. 14 : iv. 8. 15 : see ^LXtos : — ^ so of po- sition in respect to rank, influence, &c., as €v avbpoTToBwv xwp^ in the con- dition of slaves, v. 6. 13 ; ev ovbefjuq. X^po- '€(rovTaL will be nowhere or of no account, v. 7. 28. A country some- times borrows the name of its inhabi- tants : t}]v xcupaj' elvai 'KdXv^as that the country was, i. e. belonged to tlie Chalybes, iv. 5. 34. Xwpa and tottos are related to each other much as, in Eng. , place and spot ; but their uses blend, since there is no dividing line between the larger and the narrower sense. tX^pew, -^crw or T^aofiaL, Kex^^pflKa, to give room, make room for others ; hence, to move on, advance, march, proceed, go, pierce, did, eiri : to give room for the re- ception of, contain, hold, a. : i. 5. 6 : 10. 13 : iv. 2. 15, 28. Der. an-choret. tX^^P^t", iVw to), (xwp/s) to separate^ detach, a. i., vi. 5. 11 : Kex<^p>-<^'Mvo'i separated, removed, differing, g., v. 4, 34. tX<«>piov, ov, dim., a limited space, extent, or distance ; esp. a particular place or spot, as a stronghold (so often), hold, town, height, pass, military ^?o- sition, tract of land (pi. lands, sur- rounding country, region), landed estate, domain ; i. 2. 24 ; 4. 6 : ii. 5. 18 : iii. 3. 9, 15; 4. 24, 37: iv. 5. 15; 7. Is, 6, 20: J. 3. 7s: vi. 4. 3s, 27. txwpis adv., apart (so as to leave room), separately, siiigly, by orie's self; apart from, g.; i. 4. 13 : iii. 5. 17 : vi. 6. 2, X<»pos, ov, 6, room, space, open ground, field; place, esp. country jjlace or estate, country in distinction from city ; rare in Att. prose, exc. Xen.; v. 3. 11, 13: vii. 2. 3: see /card. Der. choro-graphy. ^dpos ^. 150 (opa I thus coot) the cold; pi. frigora, frosts^ \cold; iii. 1. 23 : iv. 5. 12 : vii. 4. 3. "'I'Apos, ov, 6, ^A€ Psarus, one of the chief rivers of Cilicia, rising north of Mt. Taurus, breaking through this range, and entering the sea southeast of Tarsus, i. 4. 1 : v. I. Xdpos, ^dpos. II Seihun. ^iyoi, ^^^w, to blame, censure, re- proach, A. , vii. 7. 43. \j/€X.iov or \|/€'XXiov, ov, (i/'dw to ruh) a bracelet, armlet, a favorite ornament among the Persians, worn even by men, i. 2. 27 ; 5. 8 ; 8. 29. t\j/€v8-6V€8pa, as, a false ox pretended ambush or ambuscade, v. 2. 28. tx)/€v8T|S, es, false: t|/ev8fi subst., falsehoods, lies : ii. 4. 24 ; 6. 26. t|/6v8ci), ^e'uau}, pf. p. & m. expevafxai, a. ^. €\l/eTj(T6y}v, a. m. €\pev(Td(X7}v, to cheat, deceive, disappoint, A. ae., i. 8. 11 : iii. 2. 31 : — M. to be or prove false, speak or act falsely, misstate, falsify, deceive, lie, promise falsely, break one's vjord, disappoint, A. ae., ■n-pos, 7repL,i. 3. 5, 10 ; 9. 7 : ii. 6. 22, 28 : V. 6. 35. Der. pseud-onym. tt|/t]os, ov, 7), {xpao} to rub) a worn stone, pebble, often used as a counter or ballot ; hence, a ballot, vote, sen- tence, decree, v. 8. 21 : vii. 7. 57. \|/l\ds, v, ov, (akin to ypdu} to rub, as if rubbed bare) bare, not covered by armor, vegetation, &c. ; hence, un- protected or little protected by armor (as the head without a helmet, but merely covered with the tiara), light- armed ; xoithout or bare of vegetation ; 1. 5. 5 ; 8. 6 : iii. 3. 7. Der. e-psilon. |\|/i\6(o, w(rw, to make bare, strip, clear, separate from, A. G., i. 10. 13 : iv. 3. 27. t\|/or]Ka, to resound, ring, iv. 3. 29. tlrd(|>os, ov, 6, a noise, sound, iv. 2. 4. Y^x^, ?)s, ('/'vxw to breathe) anima, spiritus, the breath, life, soul, spirit, heart, iii. 1. 23, 42 ; 2. 20 : vii. 7. 43. Der. PSYCHO-LOGY. ^vxos, eos, rb, (i/'«7xw to bloio and fl. 6T0, wT|0T]v, see oLOfiai, i. 4. 5. 0)060),* &aci), ?ojKa 1., to push, shove, thrust, trans. — M. to push or thrust another, in order to take his place, A. e| • to force one's way, push, intrans.; iii. 4. 48 : v. 2. 18 {v. I. elawd^u}). 4o>6icr|ids, ov, 6, {ahdi^w = u)^ea>) a, pushing, crowding, pressing, v. 2. 17. wKo8o|xi/]|XT]v, see oiK0-5ofj.€(>}, iii. 4.7. wKOvv, o)KOtip,t]v, see oUio}, iii. 4. 7. 0)KT€ipov, see olKrelpu}, i, 4. 7. Sp.ev, see elixl to be, iv. 8. 11. to>|xo-pd6ios, a, ov, or o>p.o-p6livos, 17, ov, (/SoOs) of raw or iintanned ox-hides: depfiara ui. raw ox-hides: iv. 7. 22, 26. wfJLos, rj, 6v, raw, as uncooked or untanned ; hence, unsoftened in char- acter, ttnfeeling, harsh, cruel; ii. 6. 12: iv. 8. 14. iop.os, oy, 6, humerus, ^Ae shoidder with the upper arm, vi. 5. 25. o)(JLO(ra, see ofivv/xt. to swear, ii. 2. 8 s. o)V, see elfxi, i. 1.8. — «v, .see 6's, i.1.8. covcop.ai,'^' Tjaoiiai, iwvrjfiat, {ihvos price) 2 a. eirpLdp.T}v (akin to irnrpdaKU}), to buy, purchase : (l)Po6/x€vos buying, by purchase : A. d. , g. of price, e^, viro : i. 5. 6 : ii. 3. 26 s : iii. 1. 20 : v. 3. 7. o)VT|o-a, see ovLvij/jli, vi. 1. 32. Mvios, a. Of, {S)vos price) to be bought, for sale : tcl &via the articles for salCy goods, wares, vendibles, i. 2. 18. wop.i]v or wp.'HV, see oto/xaL, iv. 2. 4. '"iliris, tSos, 17, 0??w, a large city of Assyria, on the Physcus, not far from the Tigris, ii. 4. 25. || Near Eski- Bagdad (i. e. Old Bagdad) or, ace. to some, Kaim. wpa, as, hora, season, proper or fit- ting time, time (of year, day, &c.), (opaios 151 oinrsp HOUR, D. I, (av. iari often om.) : ijuiKa or bin)viKa rrjt Cbpas at what or what- ever point of [the] ^t?ne .- i. 3. 11 s ; 4. 10 : ii. 3. 13 : iii. 4. 34, 40 ; 5. 18 : iv. 8. 21, Der. horo-scope, jcopaios, a, ov, at the pro'per season (of life, the year, &c.), in tlie prime or bloom of youth, ripe, ii. 6.28: v. 3. 12: Ta (hpaia the produce of the season, rips fruits, v. 3. 9. a)p|n](jtat, -Tjo-a, -wfniv, see dpfidcj. ws * proclitic, (os) ut, quam, quod, &c., as, how, that, so that, &c. : — I. Eel. Adv. (a) expressing manner, and hence circumstance, degree, occa- sion, time, cause, &c., AS, like as, as if, as it were, as much as, as far as, when, as soon as, since, inas'inuch as, i. 1. 4 ; 4. 5, 7 : iv. 7. 8, 12 : in some of these uses, regarded by some as a temporal or causal conj. 'fls, like our as, is used in many elliptical forms of expression, 711, i. 2. 4 ; 5. 8 ; often performing the office of — (b) an ap- proximate ADV., w. expressions of quantity, esp. numerals, as it were, about, 711b, i. 2. 3s: vi. 5.11: — (c) an ADV. OF degree, m\ the su- perl. , as . . as (the comparison being i made with possibility, if not other- wise stated, and ws thus becoming in- tensive, cf. quam'), 553 b, c, d ; e. g. «s Tdxi-(TTa ecjs virecpaLvev as soooi as tlie do.wn began to appear, iv. 3. 9 (cf. i. 3. 15) ; ws ehvva.ro rdxto^ra as rapidly as he could., iii. 4. 48 ; ws rd- Xt'O'Ta as quickly or soon as possible, i. 3. 14 ; (is hv 8vvr]Tat irXelaTOvs as many as he could, i. 6. 3 ; ws irXeiaroi. as many as jwssible, iii. 2. 28 : — (d) a PREP. — irpos, to, w. ace. of person, 71 1 c, ws ^aaiXea i, 2. 4 : cf. vii, 7. 55 ? — or (e) a modal sign, as, as if, as tlwucjh, for, considering (but not al- ways translated), bef. a modifier, 65 d ; as bef. an appositive or adj., 1. 1. 2 ; 6. 3 ; bef. a prepositional phrase, i. 2. 1 ; 8. 1, 23 : v. 4. 2 : ws ev to2s dpeaiv [considering it was among the moun^ tains] (^5 or for mountaineers, iv.3.31. This modal use of cos is esp. frequent before the participle (even if abs.), to express appearance, pretence, opin- ion, purpose (w. pt. fut.), cause, &c.; and here is also translated apparently, on pretence of or that, on the ground that, in vieio of, for tlie purpose of with the design of, since, inasmuch as, that, &c. ; while the j^t. is often translated by an inf. or finite verb ; e. g. ws diro- KTevCjv [as about to put] vnth the intent to put him to death, 598 b, i. 1. 3 ; ws iTTc^ovXevovTos T. on the ground that T. teas plotting, wj povX6fj.evos [as if wish- ing] on pretence that he unshed, w? tto- Xep.ri(jwv pretending that he was about to make ivar, i. 1. 6, 11 ; ws dTTTjXXay- fievoL inasmuch as they were delivered, iv. 3. 2 (cf. i. 2. 19) ; ws oXlyoi oures [as they were' few] beioig so few, vi. 5. 28 ; ws e/xov iovros that I shall go, i. 3. 6 (cf. ii. 1. 21) ; see 680. — (f) Hence, also, the use of ws bef. the infini- tive, with an office like that of a final or consecutive conjunction bef. a finite verb, in order to or that, so that, so as to (yet sometimes not translated), 671 ; e. g. (hs G-vvavrrjo-aL in order to meet or that he viight meet, so as to vieet, to 'tneet, i. 8. 15, cf. 10 ; ws /y,^ bvvaudai so that they could not, ii. 3. 10 ; ^pax^repa ?) ws e^iKueiadai [shorter than so as to reach] too short a distance to reach, 513 d, iii. 3. 7 ; .ws dvairav- eadai for or as if for resting, ii. 2. 4 ; see avvaipeoj. — (g) This rel. adv. is also used as complem. (563), how, in what manner or degree, i. 6. 5 : ii. 1. 1; 3. 11 : iii. 1. 40 : vi. 6. 32. II. Conj. (h) Complem., that, less positive, direct, or actual than on, 702 a, i. 1. 3 ; 3. 5 : vii. 5. 8 (bef. inf.? 659 ^) '• — (i) Final, in order that, so that, that, i. 3. 14; 6. 9 : ii. 5. 16 ; ws /jLTj that not, lest, iii. 1. 47 : vii. 6. 23 : cf. f : — (j) Causal, as, since, inas- much as, ii. 4. 17 : v. 8. 10 : cf. a : — • (k) Consecutive, so that, ws idoKei, vi. 1.5 {v. I. inf.); cf. f. «s definitive adv. , (6) = ovtcjs, thus, so, in this way or case, in these circwm- stances, then ; used after oi^Se not eveUy i. 8. 21 : iii. 2. 23 : vi. 4. 22. |a)(ri(v), see od$. wcr-irep * rel. adv., (w$ strengthened, in its more direct rel. uses) just as, even as, as indeed, as, much used iu 152 M\]/ comparisons ; just as if, as if, as though, esp, w. a pt. (sometimes abs.; ibcnrep e^iv as if it tvcrc j^crmitted, iii. 1. 14); as it v:erc, like, apparenthj ; i. 3. 9, 16; 5.1,3,8; 8.8,29: iv. 3. 11. fa' twre (= eiri TG^rcp iba-re, 557 a) on this condition or for this purpose that, in order to, and hence taking an inf., 671 a, vi. 6. 22 : see eiri b. wretXTJ, r,s, {ovtoloj to wound; cu- Dor. for 01'-, see Xoxayos) a icound, mark from a wound, scar, i. 9. 6. fai-TLvi, see 6'cr-rts, ii. 5. 32. fc>Tis, t'5os, 7], (o5s ear) a kind of bustard with long ear-feathers, piob. the Great Budard, Otis Tarda, Fr. oidardc, a large bird, far better in running than flying, and still hunted for its meat, i. 5. 2 s. a)(j>eXe that! see d0etXa>, ii. 1. 4. ft)^c\eco, Tjcro), (hcpeXrjKa, (ccpeXos) to benefit, be of service or advantage to, aid, assist, help, a. ae., clutL, i. 1. 9 ; 3. 4, 6 : V. 1. 12 ; 6. 30 : vii. 6. 11. jwff'e'XijJLOs, ov, r. os, r], gv, advanta- geous, useful, serviceable, expedient, i. 6. 2 : iv. 1. 23. («)«|>0T)v a. p. , see bp6.ij} to see, vi. 5. 10. Q(j)Xov, see ocpXiffKavijo, v. 8. 1. tpXop-'i'iV, see oixofxat, ii. 6. 3. [(«)\|/, ibirSs, 6 or i], (ott-, see opdoo) the face, countenance. Hence perhaps av- dpojiros, as one who has dvdpbs ihira, the outward form of a man, though he may not be a true dvrip.l Postscript. KaiSo-rpov (i. 2. 11) may be the name of a small stream (-OS, ov, 6, the C'ayster, now perhaps the Akkars-Su), on or near which was Kavcrrpov IleSiov, i. e. Cay ster- field. — KepajxcSv (i. 2. 10) may be the name of a people (-01, wv, 01, the Cerami or -ians), unless with some we read by conjecture Kepd^wv 'A^opdv (K€pa|xos, ov, 6, clay, a tile), Tile-market : cf. New-market. — For dvew^ov, look under dpoLyoj ; and for 8vw, in the place belonging to S^vw and dvoimat. — To the words cited from various readings may be added eTri-^ev-yvvfJLt = ^evyvv/xt, i. 2. 5 : |JL€t^dv«s (fr. juetfwj/) icith greater fame, vi. 1. 20 : va-i)o-Ta6[ji,cs, ov, 6, or -ov, ov, a naval station, or here = volvXov, v. 1. 12 : crTa4)is, l5o$, r/, or (rTa<|>C8iov, ov, = d-(rTa ^^^s® ^^2. — ws <|>iXov, modal appos. 393 c. — twv 'EXXi^vwv, of Greeks, art. 522 a (or of the Greeks in his service, 530) ; case 418. — oTrXtras : these were doubtless before in the service of Cyrus, and were now taken by him as a special guard for his person ; since he had well learned the vast superiority of the Greeks to the Persians in valor, prowess, and integrity, — dvcp-r) : observe the change of tense, and the chiastic arrangement (71 a) ; both of which are so common in Greek. — avrwv, case 407. 3. €T€X€VTT)o-€, in Babylou ace, to Ctesias {Pers. 57), had died (tense 605 c). — KaTco-TT] (577 b) els (704 a) tt|v (530 c) paonXetav, was estab- lished in the kingdom, or on the throne. — Ti(rorac|>€pvTis SiapdXXct (Lex,) TOV (522 g) Kvpov Trpbs tov (530 e) dScXcjjov, a>s (702 a) emPovXevot (opt., as following the historic pres., 643 a) avTw (505 a, 540 g). Tiss. mali- ciously accuses Cyrus to his brother [that he was plotting against him] of a design upon his life. Ace. to Plutarch (Artax. 3) the Persian rites of coronation were not complete till the new monarch had repaired to the ancient capital Pasargadse, and had there learned the lesson of primitive simplicity by putting off in the temple of the goddess of war his own rich vesture and putting on the plain dress which the elder Cyrus wore before he became king, and by an humble repast of dried figs, turpentine, and sour milk. Tissaphernes here brought to Artaxerxes a priest who had been a tutor of Cyrus, and who accused the young prince of designing to hide himself in the temple and assassinate his brother during the exchange of garments. — a^Tw, case 455 f. — 'O Se (518 a)... Kvpov, order 718 n, 720. — • ws diroKT€v«v, apparent intention, 598 b, 680 a. — elaiTTjo-ajievTi BOOK I. CHAP. I. (Lex.), ace. to Plut. (Artax. 3), by profuse tears and passionate entreaties, enfolding him in her arms, wrapping her tresses around him, and holding his neck to her own. — aurdv, double relation, 399 g. 4. 'O, the common subject of dir'^XGe and povXevcrai. — «s dirfiXGe, tense 605 c. — povXeuerat 8ir«s (JfiqiroTe (686 b) gcrrat (624 b) eirt (691) tw dSEX<)>a>, [considers how] resolves that he will never in future he in the poioer gy of his brother.— '^v Sv'vTjTat, PacriXevo-ei (631 c, 633 a). — dvr' (696) cxetvov (536 e), in his stead. — |xi^TT]p, direct appos. 393 a. — Kvpu, case 453. — <})iXovo-a, expressing cause, 674. — jiaXXov ^ (511) tov Pacri- Xevovra (525). Cyrus had evidently much more of his mother's intellect, energy, and ambition, than the mild but weak Artaxerxes. 5. "OcTTis s, order 718 o. — d4>iKV€iTo, mode 641 e ; tense of repeated action, 592. — t<3v irapd paoriXews (533 b), [of those from the king, 527] from the king's court, referring esp. to the king's envoys (ol ^(podoi, Cyr. viii. 6. 16), sent annually, ace. to custom, to inspect the satrapies and report upon their condition and upon the spirit and conduct of the satraps. — irdvTas, number 501. — w(rTe...etvat, [as to be] that they tcere, 671 a, e. — avTw, case 456. — PapPdpcuv, case 474 c, 432 d. — ciT)s liriPovXevovros Ti., 680 b. — Kal ^dp (Lex.), [and he would naturally so plot, for] for indeed, 709. 2. — Tio-o-a<|)epvovs, case 443 a. — to dpxaiov, adv. 483 a. — • €K, w. agent of pass. 586 d. ef is not common in this use, but may be employed with verbs of giving, from the conception of the gift as passing fro7n the giver. This gift to Tissaph. deprived Cyrus of his former ready access to the sea and communication with the Greeks. • — MiX-^tov, case 406 a ; cf. 8. 6. A glance at the map will show that it was far more im- portant to this commercial city to be on good terms with the satrap of Caria than with that of Lydia ; and that it was under the easy control of the former. 7. *Ev MCKi\r(a : with this immediate emphatic repetition of the name after irX'fiv M., compare i. 8. 6. — rd awrd TaCra (489 d) PovXevopicvovs [sc. Ttms, or auVoi^s with general reference to the citizens, 472 b], that some (or they) were meditating this saine course (namely, airoaTrivai Trpos K. , though many regard this explanation as the marginal note of a gramma- rian, which at length crept into the text), 658. 1, 677. — rovs-.-eiePaXev, 419 a, 518 d. — K. v7roXaP«v (674 a, d) tovs <|)€V'yovTas (678), truXXe'las (605 a) {TTpaTcvfia, (Lat. exercitu collecto, 658 b) €iroXi6pK€i (595 a). — M. Kttl Kara 7f]v (689 m)...KaTd'y€tv, order 718 1, m. Observe the parti- 6 NOTES. ciples {jiroXa^dbv, avXXi^as, without an intervening conjunction, a frequent construction in Greek. Cf. i. 2. 17 ; 3. 5. —For 4>euyo} an^iKiriirTco used as passives to e/c/SaXXw, see 575 a. — avTTi...irp64>ao-i9 (524 c) ^v avrw (459) Tov (664 a) dGpoi^eiv (444 b), this again was another pretext with him (or he had as another pretext) for assembling. 8. ir€|jnr«v t|^£ov, as not a single act. — a>v dScXcjjbs (without art.), since he was a brother of his, 674. — avrov Soefjvat oi (586 c, 537. 2, h, 788 c) Tavras ras (524 b) iroXcis (666). — avrw, case 699 a, f. — irpbs, 696. — lavTov, 505 a ; dir. refl. 537 a.— €mPovX7]s, case 432 b.— 'no-9dv€To,iJx0cTO, mode 671 d. Tt«rs j3ovX6|x., stating that he wished. — «s irpd7|JiaTa irapexovTwv 11. (680 b) ttj lavrov (538 f) X^P*?-? on the ground that the P. were giving trouble to his own country. Cf. nego- tium facessere. — tovtovs, 505 b, 393 h. — iroXcfAi^arwv : observe with . this verb the difference between the simple dative and the dative ^ with , position 719 d. — fJiev : the corresponding clause with hi, stating the real object of the expedition, is not expressed, though it is implied in § 4 (Lex.). — (os...pov\o|X€vos, [as if wishing], that lie wished, 680 c. — €k, 689 a. — cos eirl tovtovs, ellipsis of verb, 711. — to PapPapiKov, sc. arpdrevfjca, his barbarian force, 506 c. The TO is repeated before 'EXXtjvlkov, because this refers to different persons from ^appapiKov, 534. 4. ws is often used before a prep, to express view or purpose, either real or pretended. Cf. 9. 23 ; iv. 3. 11, 21. — evravOa Ka(, then... also, or thither .. .also (i. e. to the place of rendezvous). The to 'EJ^XrjviKoi' preceding refers to the Greek force in the dominions of Cyrus ; and Kiihner and many other editors express this by reading thus : Kal to 'EWrjviKov ivTavda a-TpdTevfxa • Kal TrapayyeWeL. — K. XapdvTi (having taken = with, 674 b), A. o-vvaXXa-yevri, constructed ace. to 667 b ; while Xa- Povra below, removed from H^viqi, agrees with a pronoun understood, ace. to 667 e. — 8' d eo-TparevcTO, (sc. to. Tpdyfiara, or raura), the objects for v^hich he was making loar, taking the field. — iravirao-Gai (some 8 NOTES. prefer the reading traiaecdai, 659 g, 660 d ; but iraiaaadai. is the com- mon reading of the mss.). — Kai.TO.y6.yoi, 641 b, d. — avrw, case 456. For the grounds of this confidence, see i. 9. 7, s. — 'irapTis irevraKoo-Covs, order 719 d. 5. 'i-%l (692. 5) tovs (531 d) 8i Sovvai, xP'nH^a-Ta, or- der 718 i. This money, we may suppose, had been promised by the politic Syennesis ; as Cyrus would have been insane to start on such an expedition with so little money, unless he had expected a supply by the way. His long detention at CeliEnse appears to have prevented his meeting the queen as early and as near Cilicia as he had expected. —8' o5v, and accordingly, or, hut at any rate, however that might be. 5' o^v, often used as here in passing from the questionable to the unquestionable (as to fact, in distinc- tion from mere report or supposition), cf. § 22, 25 ; 3. 5. — (rrpaTia, Greek army. — r\ KiXtd\aYYa, 523 e. — cirel lo-dXiri-yle, 571 b. — iK-.-TrpoiovTCDV, and upon this [tlaey advancing] as tJiei/ kept advandngf more rapidly, 592. For the gen. abs. agreeing with omtCov understood (675, 676 a, b ; cf, 6. 1) the dat. agreeing with arpariuiTaLs could have been used. — OLTTo Toii avTOfx., 507 d. — 8p6p.os...oPos, sc. eyevero or ^v. — 'i^vyev €K ttjs dpji., jied from her carriage, as this slow vehicle, drawn by mules or oxen, would not take her quickly enough out of the reach of danger. — ot ck... 2<})vY0v, const, pneg. 704 a. — t^v rd^iv jov crTparevp-aTos, 523 c. — €K T«v s, €K less common than cnrb. Cf. vii. 2. 37, where the more frequent dTTo is used, and ex duce metus, Tac. Ann. i. 29. — <|)6pov (Lex.). 19. x^pa-v, the object of both e7r^r/)ei//e and Siapirdaai, or of the latter only. 20. T^v KiXiKtav, cf. § 21, 522 g, 533 a. — 686v, 482 d, or 479.— avrrj, case 699 a. It suited the plans both of the queen and of Cyrus that she should carry her report to the king before the arrival of Cyrus. By send- ing the division of Menon as an escort, he not only provided for her safety and honor, but secured the introduction into Cilicia of a considerable force, which might act, if necessary, in his favor. The shorter mountain route taken by Menon would have been very difficult for the whole army encumbered by its baggage. Cyrus seems to have made the way from Ico- nium to Dana (or Tyana) longer than necessary, in order that he might himself accompany the Cilician queen to the foot of the mountain pass, and perhaps that he might also give the army a better opportunity of plundering Lycaonia. The delay at Dana allowed time for Menon to reach BOOK I. CHAP. 11. 13 the Cilician plain, and also for making the necessary preparations before attempting the Cilician pass. — oTpaTnoTas ov's, agreeing with 554 c in respect to the omission of the art. — Kal avrov, and Menon himself, 540 f. — K^cTo, see 2. 4. — kv vXaT- Tov, 7vhere the Cilicians xcere previously keeping guard, or had been keeping guard, 604 a. Cf. ervyx'^^^^ '^X'^^i 1- 8. — els ireSiov, 689 a. — SevSpwv, case 414 a. The plain of Cilicia is still remarkable for its fertility and beauty. — "Opos s : for the order see 719 d. This mountain defence con- sists of the united chains of the Taurus and the Amanus. See Map. 23. KaTapds...Tap(rovs, and having descended lie advanced through 14 NOTES. this plain to Tarsus four stations, twenty-five parasangs (from the last stopping-place). This explanation is required, since, ace. to Ainsworth, the march on the plain itself would occupy only one day. — rjo-av, plur. 569 a. — |i.€orT]s 8^ ttjs ttoXcws, 508 a, 523 b, 4. — 6vojj,a, cSpos, case 481 ; art. om. 533 c. — 8vo, 240 c. — irXc'Opwv, modifying iroraixos, 440 a. 24. TavTTjv TT|v (524 b) iroXiv i%i\vtroy, 605. — €ls [to go to], for. — x"" pCov, identified by some with the Castle of Nimrud in the adjacent moun- tains. — opt], accus. on account of the preceding verb of motion. — irX'fiv ...'^XovTcs, these remaining for the profits of trade, and to take from the Cyreans the excuse of necessity for further plundering ; doubtless by the command or with the consent of Syennesis. So the inhabitants of Issus ; and (with reference to the fleet) those of Soli. _ _ 25. irpoTc'pa Kvpov, 609 a, 408. — twv els to ircSiov, sc. Kadrj- "^ KovTdiv (cf. 4. 4), reaching, or descending to the plain. Reiske and some others conjecture ttj agreeing with v-rrep^oXr}. — •u'n-oX€WJ)OevTas, for plunder, probably. — Kal ov...ov8e (Lex.). — to &XXo €\oiTiv, 633 a. — dv9* «v (ellijptic attr. 554 a n.) e5 ^iraGov (Lex.) W (since eiradov is akin to a pass. Lex.) ckcCvov, in return for the favors which I had received from him. The student will observe the distinctive emphasis of eKeivov, while avrov is unemphatic, 536 d, e, 540 g. 5. dvd^KT] 8t| not, 459, 572. — irpoSovra, 667 e. — (j>iXia, case 466 b. — )ji60' vfiiov elvai, to remain associated with you, see § 4. — aiprjo-ofiai... ireio-ofxai, emphasized by the chiastic order, which is so frequent in Greek, 71 a. — a-vv v\uv, remaining with you, in your company : jJieG* v^iuv would have signitied that they would likewise suffer, which he more delicately leaves them to infer. — i> ti dv Sct], sc. TrdcrxetJ', whatever [it] may be neces- sary [to suffer], 551 a, 641 a. — oiiiron s, 713 a, 719 a. — ws, rather than oTi, inasmuch as, since, to express the idea that he spurns the thought, 702 a. — "EXXT]vas, not definite, .. .tovs "EXXrjvas, definite from previous mention, 530 a. 6. cfJtoi, case 455 g. — €p.oi, kyd}, emphatic, strongly distinctive, 536 a, e. — Tr€i06O-0ai ov8€ ^ireo-Gai, "illud animi, hoc corporis est." Kiihn. — a-vv v\i.iv (^fO[i.ai, I will [follow with, as a companion] accompany you. To follow a guide or leader is expressed by ewoixaL without avv, § 17, iii. 1. 36. — voni^o), a stronger word than oXjxaL, (Lex.). — etvai, 480 a, N. — iraxpiSa, since he was an exile. Compare II. vi. 429 s ; Eur. Hec. 281. — Kal...Kal...Kai, making the three accusatives all emphatic (Lex.), 701, 1. — dv oijxat etvai rifjiios, 621 e, f, 657 f, 658 a. — ii^QiV, case 414 b. — ovk -.n dv iKavos s, 714. 2, 622 a. — cos k^ov oSv lovros, 680 c. — vfieis, sc. ^^ 'cvre, 572 a. ^ 7. oi (accent 787) t€ avrov Ikcivov, 540 d. — 6x1 s, appos. 58 h. — ov <}>a^, 662 b or 686 i ; mode 643. — irapd, 689 d. rrapd denoting to or towards with the accus. here derives from the connection the idea against. In this sense iiri and irpds are more common. 8. TovTois, case 456 ; cf. 5. 13. — |X€T€Tefji7reT0, 595. The idea of repe- tition does not here suit the person or the narrative. — o-TpaTiwrcSv, case 418. — avTw, case 450 b. — '(Kiye, bade, i. e. through the messenger; see 659 h. — a»s KaTao-TT](rofA€Vwv tovtwv [on the ground that], since tliese things would result, 680 b, c. — p,eTaire|xir6iXos "n, to u'homsoever he may he a friend, 456, 641 a. — XaXeirwraTos 8* Ix^pos (Lex.), & &v TroXc'|xios ^, hut a most hitter hater to whomsoever he may he ^ foe. — 8oKoi>p,e'v fJioi, for courtesy (Lex. So/ceoj), 654. — avTov, case 405 a, the close vicinity implying danger. — wpa Xe'-yeiv, sc. ecrrtV, 572. — liravo-aTO, voice 582 b. 13. 'Ek tovtov, (Lex. e^). — ot }iev...ot 86, (Lex. 6), 518 d. — Xe'govrcs, to say, purpose, 598 b. — ol'a (Lex.), hoio great. — cit], mode 643. 14. Els 8e 8^ etirc, and one [indeed] in particular, so proposing means of return, as to suggest throughout difficulties and dangers ; ctirov, signifying to command, hid, advise, is followed by the inf., 659 h. — a>s raxwrra (Lex.), 553 c. — IXeiXCas (Lex.), 523 b, 4. — o-vvrdTTeo-Gat, more continued than 7r^/A^at. — 2 Ig NOTES. T^v ra\l1to, similar to [such as] that for which he employed, xp-^cr^at irpd^iv, like XPV'^^"-'- XP^^'-^y ^^t bolder (as x- rrpos or els ir. would be more common), 477, 479. For the service referred to, see 1. 2. — le'vois, case 466 b. ' — tovtw, with this same man, stronger than aury, 536 e. 19. jj-ei^wv, in the pos. of emphasis, from contrast with irapairXrjcrla, 719 a a. — TTjs irpotrSev, sc. Trpd^ews, tlie previous undertaking or service, 526 ; cf. 4. 8. — ircio-avTa, esp. b}^ larger pay. Cf. § 21. — <|>iXiav (Lex.). — Iiro^evoi = el eTroi/ieda, 635. — &v...liroi{ie9a, 631 d, 621 b. — avTw, a common object of (pLXoi and eirol/jLeda, 399 g. 20. ^8o|e (Lex. 2). Such asyndeton, with the verb leading, is frequent in expressing a decision ; cf. iii. 2. 33, 38 : iv. 2. 19. — fipwTwv s, 595. — TO. So^avra t^ o-Tpana, [the things which had seemed best to the army] the questions aiJproved (or voted) hy tlie army, 528 a ; 2 ace. 480 c. — oLkovci, tense 612 ; mode 644 a. For ukovw with elvai, see note to 2. 21, not implying certainty, 657 k. — &v8pa, Lex. — lirl Tt{)...'jroTap.<3, 689 g. — SwScKa av6pu>, 507 d. The Greeks could now have had no doubt of the nature of the enterprise ; but they saw as much danger in going back as forward, besides the loss of pay. CHAPTER IV. MARCH FROM TARSUS TO THE EUPHRATES. — CROSSING THE RIVER. 1. o5 TO €vpos €ioTTJKeo-av, stood, pip. as ipf., 268, 46 d. — irvXai, gates in the literal sense. So Thermopylas had anciently a wall and gates, Hdt. vii. 176. The marginal figure illustrates the general topography of the pass. There was another pass. AA^hy Cyrus chose this ? He could descend to the mouth of the Orontes, if necessary. Other objects : to bring and protect transports in convejdng sup- plies, and to act upon Syennesis. 5. TavTT]s ^v€Ka Tfjs irapoSov, case 436 d ; or- der 721 c. — diroPipdvXd,T- T016V, mode 633 a. — ^xo^ra, [having] as he had, See 3. 20, n. elvai. — TpiaKovra )ivpid8as orrpaTids (Lex.), thirty myriads of soldiers, 418. 6. Ifiirdpiov 8* ^v s, 534. 3. That which w'as observed in the past, even 674. — 6vTa, 677 b. BOOK I. CHAP. lY. 21 though it may continue to the present, is often expressed narratively in the Greek, as in other languages, by a past tense, 611. Cf. hofj-L^ov, eiW, § 9. — oXkcIScs, more oval than ships of war, and {except as sometimes towed) chiefly propelled by sails. 7. i^&.vo.v, doubtless to land and dispose of the supplies brought by the fleet, which was now to return, and to procure in this mart other necessa- ries for the long inland march through the interior. — to, irXcto-rov d^ia, [the things worth most, 431 b] their most valuable effects. — direirXevo-av, availing themselves of their last opportunity to desert safely. Cyrus was probably well content that the forces of so efficient a commander as Clear- chus should be increased ; and even if he intended to compel the return of those who had left, Xenias and Pasion, he may not have thought it safe to make the attempt till he had left the sea-coast, where desertion was so easy. This freedom in passing from one commander to another is spoken of, ii. 6. 11 s, as if not unusual with mercenaries. Cleanor and Agias, who have not been heretofore mentioned, but are hereafter introduced as generals (ii. 1. 9 s ; 5. 31), appear to have succeeded the deserting com- manders. — tos fiev Tois irXeio-Tois eSoKovv (personal for impers. const., 573 d), as indeed [they] it seemed to most. As the opinions of others are not mentioned, the /j-eu is not followed by its corresponding Se. — o-rpa- Ttwras, ^X^iv, both positions emph. See 3. 7. — a>s dTrtovras, [as ..p. going to return] so that they might return, 598 b, 680. — Kal ov '^' irpbs PacriXca, sc. lovras, drawn from dir-LovTas ; an example of rhetorical zeugma, 68 g, 572 b. Cf. vii. 4. 20. Why is KXe'apxov repeated? — f)av€is, were gone (from sight), or had disappeared. — SicSkci, was pursuing, 645 a. — ws SoXtovs 'ovras avrovs XT]0fivai, that they might he taken [as being treacherous], since they were traitors. Some have 5eiXoi5s, since they were cowards. — wKTctpov s, 633 c, 643 e ; from C.'s usual sever- ity in punishment, 9. 13 ; 2. 20. But clemency was here more politic. 8. diroXeXotiracriv (Lex. airo) ; numb. 496 a. — dXX' il -ye (strengthening eS) |X€VToi (a more general confirmative, certainly or however) eirtorrda-Ow- o-av, hut, however, let them at least know full well. — o^e diroSeSpaKao-iv ..., o{;t€ diro'7r€(j)6V7ao-tv, they have neither escaped hy stealth (as a fugitive slave),.., nor have they escaped through speed (as a flying enemy) ; they have neither got beyond my knowledge, nor beyond my reach. — girr] ol'xovrai, which way they have gone, 612. — «povpov- fi€va, zeugma, the Persian, from the natural influence of polygamy, placing children- before wives, unless, indeed, both wives and children are here regarded as things, articles of property. — o-rcp'^o-ovTai = pass. 576 a. — ■ diroX-^xj/ovTat, sc. a&ro^i, 536 c. In Greek, if two closely connected verbs 22 NOTES. have a common object, this is more comm. expressed but once, and in the case required by the nearer verb ; cf. 399 g. — ttjs irpdcrOcv (cf. 3. 19) ^vcKa, pos. 721 c. 9. d Tis Kttl, even if any one. — d0v|xdT€pos, 514. — orTa9|xoi5s, doubtless by the pass of Beilaw, over Mt. Amanus. The passage, though not unpict- uresque, presented no difficulties or incidents which Xen. deemed worthy of mention. The UvXai 'AfjLavides, by which Darius iii. crossed this moun- tain into Cilicia before his disastrous defeat at Issus, were farther north. — irKiQpov, case 440 a, — i\Qv(av (Lex.) : This river is said still to abound in fish, ace. to Ainsw. — oOs (not limiting antecedent, 554 a ; cf. d, 2. 7)... Qeovs, 2 ace. 480 a. — dSiKctv, sc. tlvol, 667 h. (Lex.) — ras (522 a) irepi- paTr]v, to the ford of the Euphrates ; since, according to the common opinion, the preceding three stations were all in the valley of this river. Kiepert says cradioju should be irXedpwu ; but see Ainsw. — dvd(iaTi, case 467 b, 485 e, y : one of the mss. has ovofia, the more common form. — %€pas trivn : the longer, doubtless, from the necessity of nego- tiating anew with the Greeks, since it was no longer possible to conceal the object of the expedition, and a conference had been promised here ; cf. 3. 20. — acrav. See 3. 1. — tis, S07ne one, i. e. Cyrus, whom it was less delicate to name, 548 g. — xp-f\[i.aTa, a largess of money in addition to their pay. — 8i8w, what reg. mode ? — oiorircp, sc. So- 6rjpai, or e866ri, even as had been given. — irpoTepois, 509 a. See 1. 2. — • Ktti TavTtt, and this too, sc. was given or done, 544 a. — ovK...ldvTa)v, [the not going, 676 a, sc. eKeivo^v, cf. 2. 17] though they did not go. One of the MSS. has lovaLv agreeing with rots dm^dcn, an admissible but weaker con- struction, 676 b. — IdvTwv, dWd KaXovvros, chiastic order. 13. 8w(r€tv, tense 659 g. — '7r€VT€...nvds = about $100, but in purchas- BOOK I. CHAP. IV. 23 ing value at that time nearer $1000. — dpyupCov, case 435, 446 e. — -fiKwo-i, KaTaoTTTJoT], mode 641, 645, 650. — tov (jlio-Gov cvtcXtj, without reduction on account of the donative, or reducing to the original terms of engage- ment, 3. 21. See 523. — Tb...iroXv, 523 f. — Mc'vwv, ever ready to gain advantage for himself, ii. 6. 21 s. — Trptv...etvai, 703 d, /3. — rt, complem. 563. — iroiTJcrovo-iv, mode 650, 645. — irdrcpov, 701 i, n. — &XX«v, case 405 a ; pos. 718 h. 14. |iot, case 455 g. — o-JItc s, without incurring either danger or toil. — T«v fi,XXa)v...t\oi t€i5- |€s (680, though not comm. after dijXos) o-irevSwv, C. [was manifest as hastening] was evidently hastening. — -jrao-av t^v o8dv, order 523 e ; case 482 d, or 472. — (Jo-o)...TO(rovTa>, 468, 485 e, /3, quanto...tanto, the... the. — Scro) |i^v OdrTov s, the more rapidly he [should advance, 641 b, 643 e] advanced [he would fight with the king so much the more unpre- pared], the less prepared he would find the Icing for battle. — (rxoXaidrcpov : so Mss. ; Dind. -alrepov ; 258 d, 259 a, — T]s (case 426) TO w8«p (subj. ace. of dirTeadai). Skins stuffed or inflated are still so used on the Euphrates and Tigris, either singly to support individual swimmers, or collectively under wooden platforms. Layard even used 600 in a raft for transporting heavy monuments. — oivov, a wine still used in the East. Cf. ii. 3. 14. — Ti]s...Tf]s, 523 a 2. Observe the distinction between Ik, from the inside or contents of, and diro, from the outside of, 689 a, b. — |Ji6XiVT]s, case 412. — tovto, referring to (tItov or fieXivrjs, as a thing without life, 502 b. Some would supply ^pC}fxa,food, or oT€pb)v, case 445 b. — ^9£T0, Lex. Tid-rj/jLi. — KXedpxov, case 434 a. — p.-^ iroiciv ravra, not to [be doing] do this, which, as the pres. implies, he Avas then doing ; not to persist in doing this. — okiyov (414 b) ScTjo-avTos, 573 e. — ri: Xen. chiefly uses re in correspondence with /cat ; not often re... re, or re alone. 15. *Ev (Lex.). — TraXTo. (Lex.). The Persian horsemen usually carried two : TraXra 56o, wcrre to fieu acpelvai, r!^ 8', hu derj, e/c x^'Pos xPW^o-*- Cur. i. 2. 9. — (Tvv TOis irapovcri tcov Triorrwy (Lex.), 419, 678. 16. KXe'apxe s, 484 b. — Kal [sc. L-zxeis] ot dXXoi, 401. 3, 485 a. — O/l """Tl^* brings the danger more vividly near than TavTy would have ^^ done, 545. — KaTaK€K6\)/€(r6ai, tense 601 b. — €p.ov, case 408. — 6X.6vT«v (Lex.). — ovToi ovs opdre, 52S g, 544. — iroX€p.icoTgpoi, for the sake of restoration to the king's favor, to prevent the weight of the king's displeasure from falling upon themselves, or from envy towards the spe- cially favored Greeks. The weak faith which Cyrus had in the fidelity of his Persian adherents appears again in 6. 4. 17. Iv, const, prseg. 704 d. — l^evcxo (Lex. ylyvoixaC) ; cf. ev aavTciyevoD, Soph. Phil. 950. This figure is common to many languages. So in Eng., he was beside himself with passion, he came to himself ; Lat. ad se rediit ; Germ, er ging in sich. — Kard (Lex.). CHAPTER VI. TREACHERY OF ORONTES. — TRIAL AND CONDEMNATION. 1. *EvT6v0ev, from their halting-place opposite Charmande. — irpoiovrwv, sc. aliTwv, as they were advancing, 676 a. — €(f>aiv6To, there appeared (con- tinuously). — l-mrtiiv, place, 719 d, ytt. — tos 8i.v . . .aKpoiroKiv. It Avas the policy of the Persian monarchs to garrison some of the most important strongholds with royal troops under commanders of their own appointment, as a check upon the satraps. It is not strange that collis- ions sometimes took place. — avrov, regarded by some as the object of irpoairoXefjiQi' (instead of the more familiar dative), and by others as the obj. of eTToirjcra by anticipation (474 b), or with anacoluthon (Xen. having commenced as though he intended to write avrbu iTroirja-a iravcxaadai, I made him cease). The introduction of uxrre do^at represents it as a freer act, and thus more exposes the inconsistency and treachery of Orontes. — «t] 6 'Opovrqs, 668 b. — Svvajiiv, i. e. its inferiority, inadequacy to the contest. . — 'ApTe'^iSos P«(Jiov, doubtless the world-renowned altar at Ephesus, a sanctuary for fugitives, which was respected by the Persians as well as the Greeks. "AuvKou jxivei to lepov, Strab. xiv. 1. TifMarai yap Kai wapa rots Uepa-ais i] debs avr-q dLaiivat yvwixi^v, express [an, or see 533] your opinion; voice 579. For the om. of the art. with yvcb/xTjv, cf. v. 5. 3 ; 6. 37. What reasons may Cyrus have had for first applying to Clearchus ? — kydt, why expressed ? — tov dv8pa toutov, 524 b. — eK-iroStiv (Lex.) iroteio-Gai, rather mid. than pass. — Sc't), ^, why subj.? — <|>vXdTT€(r0ai, voice 579. — dvT], double chiasma. — &\Xoi &X\a)s (Lex. dXAos c), 567 d. — Td(f>os s. The execution and burial seem to have taken place within the tent. It is not unlikely he was buried alive, as the Persians had this mode of execution. See Hdt. vii. 114 ; Uepa-iKov 8^ to i^wopxas KUTopva-aeiv. CHAPTER yil. MARCH THROUGH BABYLONIA. — REVIEW OF THE TROOPS. 27 1. 'EvTsvOev, 5. 5. The scene of the trial of Orontes seems to have been at or near Pylse. — (TTaOiKu, sense ? — 'EXXtjvwv, case 444 a. — |Jt€'o-as vvktus, 508 a ; pi. 489 ; cf. iii. 1. 33, art. om. 533 d. — ISoKct, he thought (Lex. 1). — |Aaxovpi6vov, tense 598 b. — IsceXeve, 8i6Ta|e, tense 595. — Kcpcus, wiiig of the Greeks ; case 407. The whole Greek force was placed upon the right of the arm}^ See 2. 15 N. In the sense to command, rjyeoixai. has regularly the gen. ; but in the more literal sense, to lead or guide, often the dat. ; cf. ii. 2. 8 ; iii. 2. 20. — toiis laon-ov, his own inen, in distinction from the Greeks. 2. TJH'epq^ case 450 a. — Pao-iXe'cos : the Greek repeats the noun, instead of substituting a pronoun, more freely than the Eng. — Xoxd-yovs, 386 c. In a mercenary Greek force, the lochagi had an especial independence and importance, as they commonly engaged the men primarily, and came with them to the standard of the general. Hence we shall find them often in councils of war, ii. 2. 3 ; iv. 1. 12. — irws (complem. 563 s) dv t^v Y-6.'%r\v iroioiTo, hoiv he should fight the battle (if there should be one, 636 a). — avTos irap-^vci 6appvv«v (674 b, d) roidSe (478), he himself exhorted and encouraged them as follows. 3. A brief speech, admirably adapted to produce the effect desired. — ovK dvOpwiTiov (sne case 414 b) diropeSv Pap^dpcov, order 719 a, /3. — dp,etvo- vas (Lex.) Kal KpeiTrovs, 211. Cf. \Qiov koL d/j-eLvov, vi. 2. 15. — Sirws s, 626. — IXeuGcpias ^s, case 431 b, 554 a. How sweet the sound upon the Greek ear! and with what flattering emphasis does Cyrus repeat it! — K€KTqi\or>s tovtwv (407) I^KpaTcis iroiT](rai, we must make our friends masters of these domains. — SeSoiKa (671 d) |x^ (625 a) ovk (686 h) ^x"- — ^ ^i 8(S, what [I may give] to give, 642 a; cf. ii. 4. 19, 20. — x(|i«v, pos.? — avov...XPvds, 538 a. How does this differ from 6 ifios d8€\l rd eiKoort, 706, 531 d. 11. cKarbv Kal cI'koot, |xvpid8€s, a reported and prob. exaggerated state- ment. Ctesias, the king's surgeon, stated the number of his troops in the battle as 400000 (Plut. Artax. 13) ; and the historian Ephorus, as quoted in Diod. xiv. 22, as "not less than 40 myriads." The inclusion of camp- followers in the larger and not in the smaller number would make the dis- crepancy less. — "AWoi, besides (Lex.), 567 e ; cf. 5. 5. 12. dpxovTcs Kal fnpo.yi\yo\ Kal ■^^efJioves. Xen. may have used these different terms to show and emphasize the power of these great command- ers ; or some of them, as AVeiske and others suppose, may have crept into the text from explanatory glosses. In general, Abrocomas seems to have commanded the troops of the southwestern part of the empire, Tissaphernes of the northwestern, Gobryas of the southeastern, and Arbaces of the north- eastern. — (laxTls, case 408, — rjnepais s, case 468. The tardiness of Abro- comas was perhaps simply caused by his longer route ; but was prob. inten- tional. The king may have himself suspected this, since he did not think it worth while to wait for him. A reinforcement from the east also came too late ; see ii. 4. 25. 3 34 NOTES. 13. irpJ>s Kvpov, this is prob. used with ijyyeWov for the comm. dat. (ii. 3. 19), through the influence of avToixoK-qaavTes, which it also modifies in sense; cf. 399 g ; ii. 27. Some, by a harder const., regard it as a direct adjunct of avToixoX-qaavres, notwithstanding its position. — oi airo- |i,oXi'io-avT€s, 678 a. — Ik, irapd, how do these prepositions differ in force ? ■ — -irpo, p-erd, 690. — ot...T«v iroXcp-iwy, gen. partitive w. o'i, 553. — Differ- ence between ravra and ravra ? — What do you observe in the general arrangement of this section? Xen., differing from Ctesias, states his authority. 14. €|€Xavv€t, perhaps on the second day after the night-review, as a single day would give scanty^time for the council of war, the private inter- views (§ 2, 8), and this march with the defiling of so great an army through a narrow pass (§ 14 s). — tco o-TpaTCwp-aTt (case 467), why not with (Tiuv, as in § 1? The prep, is less needed on account of the participle Many mss. have here the more regular ei /jltj h ravrats rah Tj/j.epai'i ixax^lrai, 686 b. If ov fxax^'^rai is genuine, it is an emphatic, per- haps contemptuous, repetition of the words of Silanus, 686 k. ei ov also vii. 1. 28 ; vi. 6. 16. — dXTjOevcTTjs, 617 d. — virio^voviJiat, a form of expres- sion referring to the future, 631 c. — ScKa rdXavra, a money of account, = how many darics ? = how many dollars ? A most lavish gift for a suc- cessful prediction, even at the present value of money. 19. ckmXvc, tense 594. — tov (idx€(rOai, case 699 f, 405 a (ace. also ad- missible). The conclusion of Cyrus was natural, as the king had made no opposition at Pylse, and then had relinquished a line of defence prepared with so much labor. Yet, in truth, a narrow pass, unless defended by a strong Avail, was the very last place for Persians to risk an encounter with Gi-eeks, as they could not there offset by their superiority of numbers the superior personal prowess of the Greeks, Their best chance for success was in an open plain, which they could scour with their cavalry, and where they could amass their hosts on all sides against the Greeks. — -fuxe- XT)p,£va)s, some read THJ.eXrfjj.evos. — |j,dXXov, 685, 510. 20. iropcCav Ittoicito (Lex.), 475. — avrw, for him, i. e. of his army, 463. — (TTpaTiwrais, case 460, 463. CHAPTER VIII. BATTLE OF CUNAXA. — DEATH OF CYRUS. 1. fjv, 571 d. — d^opdv, cf. ii. 1. 7. —'6poi, the common Persian infantry, well armed for Oriental warfare, but not for a shock Avith the iron-clad Greeks, while from their political institutions and habits of life they Avere no less deficient in spirit, discipline, and physical training. Cf. C]/r. i. 2. 13 ; Hdt. vii. 61. These were bowmen, ace. to Grote. — iro8^p€«n, 722 d. — Al^viTTioi (Lex.). — &XXoi s, a7id other horsemen and also bowmen, or. BOOK I. CHAP. VIII. 37 and others, horsemen and bowmen, 567 e. The asjTideton renders the enumeration less formal, 68 d. — Kara (Lex.), 692. 5. — ^Kao-rov to ^0vos, V. I. cKaarov 'edvo^, 522 b, as usual in armies composed of different nation- alities. Cf. Hdt. vii. 60. — liropcueTO, numb. 501 a. 10. dpiiara, subject of eiropevovro or rjcxav understood, to which dxov is connected by 5e. Numb, of verb? — SiaXeiirovTa, cf. 7. 15. — dir' oXXtj- Xcov, 689 b. — 8t|, indeed, namely. — els irXd-yiov (sc. fxApos or x^pioj'), [to a side quarter] sideways (comm. with the idea of obliqueness), obliquely (oftener slanting or curving). — diroT6Ta(Jt€va, [extended] extending or jipro- jecting (about two cubits in length ace. to Cyr. vi. 1. 30), to mow down standing troops, and sometimes attached to the wheel so as to revolve swiftly. — VTTO, 689 j. — 8t<|>pots, these were high, to protect the driver, who was also defended by armor so that only his eyes were exposed, — els ■yfiv pXcirovra, to mangle those who had been thrown down by the rush of the horses. Such a chariot had long axles, that it might be in less danger of being overturned in jjassing over corpses ; and its driver was protected, as just stated. See Cyr. vi. 1. 29 s. — a»s SiaKoirrciv, expresses purpose, 671 e. — Sto), 253. 1; case 699 f, 450 a. — yvia^r\ ■?jv, ws-.-eXcovra (sc. ravTa), the jylan was [as though they were going to drive] that they should drive, 680 c, 675 d. — 8iaKO\j/ovTa, sc. raOra. Cf. 4. 8. 11. "O, rel. referring to tovto. — clirev, i. 7. 4. — KaXe'oras, object ? Cf, the fuller, but less frequent, form of expression in 7. 18. In Greek, if two closely connected verbs have a common object, this is usually expressed but once and in the case required by the nearer verb ; cf. 399 g, 536 c. — €t|/6v concessive, — though he saw, etc, 674, 1, f. — 'Op«v, pos,? — 6 KXe'apxos, the subj, of ijdeXev, yet repeated after the parenthesis, and dXX' oficjs iised as if a finite verb had preceded ; cf, 70 t. — to \iia-ov o^i<|>os, order 523 b. The king's horse-guards would be esp, conspicuous, 7. 11. — Kvpov, case 434 a; cf. 10. 5. — 6vra, part,? — €v«- vvfiov, case 445 c. Some needlessly omit 'EWrjvcKov, as rendering the state- ment less strong than that below. The truth appears to be that Xen. was so absorbed in the contest between the Greeks and Persians, and esteemed so lightly the barbarian forces of Cyrus, that he leaves the latter mostly out of account in describing the battle, and sometimes seems to speak in general of the army of Cyrus as the Greek army, and of that of the king as the barbarian army ; see § 10, 14, 19, 24, — too-o€tov, 485 e, j8, 483 ; used rather than the dat, on account of TrX-qdei, 487 b, — irXi^Oci, case 467 b, — yAfrov to lavTov, his own centre, i. e. the centre of his army, — Kvpov, 38 NOTES. gen. poss. — jJLf| KVKXctfOctTi, 625 a. — 8ti avrw p.cXoi (v. I. fieXei, 645 a), ^ir«s KttXws ixot. (Lex. 624 c), that he himself was taking care (even more arrogant than thai he vjould take care) thai [it should have itself well] all should go well. The self-willed and insubordinate course pursued by Clearchus to secure himself and the Greeks, left Cyrus with his Persian force to contend with several times the number of similar troops, and made his destruction almost certain. 'O 5' ayrcD ixeXew eiTrwv, Sttw? e^ei KdWia-ra, rb ttop 8L€(f>6eipev, is the language of Plutarch, who is esp. severe upon the selfish caution, the folly, and faithlessness of Clearchus, Artax. 8. Cyrus prob. understood the reply of Clearchus as expressing an intent to follow his direction, and supposed that all would be well. 14. Pap^apiKov o-Tpdrevjia, the Persian host of the king. Born, and Dind. say ' ' of Cyrus, " but it was very unlikely that he would lead his in- ferior Persian host to the encounter, before the Greeks, upon whom he placed his main reliance, were ready ; cf. § 13 N. See Grote's remarks on Clearchus, — avrai (Lex.). — a)v 'AGrjvaios, wt. art. 525 a ; the first mention of the author. Whether he was with his friend Proxenus, or with Clearchus as a mounted aid, or with the few cavalry of the latter, is not stated. His horse, freedom of movement, and relations to Cyrus and the generals, made the service which he now rendered both convenient and fit for him, — vTreXd- cas a»S truvavrfjo-ai, 671 a, e. — €l' ti •n'apaYY€XXoi, if [he would command anything] he had any commands to give, 648 a. — lirid-TT]dXaYy€ s, the two lines [were no longer distant] were loithin three or four stadia of each other. About Avhat part of a mile ? — eiraidv^ov (Lex.). The Greeks were wont to sing the paean to one or more of the gods (Apollo, Mars, etc.), both before a battle, in anticipation of victory (Tratai' eix^ar-qpios), and after a successful battle, in thanksgiving {Traiav i/iKrjTrjpios). — avrtoi (Lex.), 509. — iroXe- [lCois, case 455 f. 18. iropevofJievcov, sc. avrCov, 676 a. — l|eKii(Jiaiv€, a metaphor, imitated and commended for its expressiveness and beauty by the ancients ; nearly expressed by our undulated, more closely by billowed forth. — ti ^^ - (sc. fjiepos) TTjs <|)dXaYYos, some part of the line, 418 b. — 8pdp,a> * (Lex. case 467 a) Geiv, to run [with running] outright, to hasten upon the run, differing from the simple 'ideov below, not so much in what it ex- presses, as by its fuller and more emphatic expression, partaking of pleo- nasm, 69. — l6€"y|avT0, gave a shout. — otovirep, case 468 (sc. (I>deyfia, cry) or 483. — IXeXt^ovcrt, from eXeXev, one form of the war-cry, as dXaXd^io (iv. 2. 7) from another form ; cf. dXoXvi;-^, and our to whoop, huzza, etc. — ^Oeov, tense and order? It was for the interest of the Greeks thus to shorten the period of exposure to missiles, and to come as soon as possible to close quarters. — A^^ovo-i, Xen. writes here, as elsewhere, as if he had not been present. — eSovirrio-av, stem 344; cf. iv. 5. 18. So Alexander's soldiers, Arr. i. 6 (where the expression seems to us more natural : rois 8i)pa(TL 8ov7rT](raL Trpos ras daTridas). — (j>oPov iroiovvres tois i^irirois (460), [causing terror to] striking terror into the horses ; ace. to some, seeking to terrify the ho]-ses (598 c, 594) ; esp. those of the scythe-armed chariots. 19. e^iKveto-eai (Lex.), mode, 703 d, /3 ; i. e. hefore they came within how-shot. — IkkX^vovo-iv, ISiwkov, ipowv, tense ? — Kparos (Lex.). — p-TJ, why rather than oi) ? — Iv (ttj) Td|et, without art. 533 c. — 0€iv...?'7r€cr9ai, order ? 20. rd p.€v, appos. 393 d. — f|vidx<«>v (case 414 b), such frightened coav- ards that they had deserted their chariots, and fled with the rest. Cf. Cyr. viii. 8. 25. — irpoiiSoicv, mode ? cf. 5. 2. — SiCo-ravTo. Alexander bade his soldiers do the same at Arbela, Curt. iv. 13. — 'dtrri (Lex.) 8* 6s €ts KVK\«' Ikcivov oTtcj>os, the crowd about him ; i. e. his more imme- diate attendants, as o/uLorpdire^oL, etc., gathering close about him for his protection. — iriveo-X€To, aor., since all was here momentary (Lex. dv4x<^)- — Tbv (530 a) &v8pa 6p